OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# British University of Bahrain

The British University of Bahrain (BUB) is a private university located in Saar, in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Established in 2018 in partnership with the University of Salford in Manchester, it awards undergraduate British degrees in the country.

## Academic programmes

The programmes being offered at the British University of Bahrain are exactly identical to the ones being offered at the University of Salford. There is a College of Business, College of Engineering and Built Environment, and College of Information and Communication Technology; each with several bachelor's degrees offered.

## Campus

BUB is located in a purpose-built ten storey building in the Saar area of Bahrain. The campus includes a 424-seater auditorium, a high-tech learning resource centre, contemporary recreational and work spaces as well as more than fifty classrooms, workshops, and laboratories. The campus is located adjacent to a shopping mall, which offers students a wide range of additional facilities, including a hyper-market, 13-screen cinema complex, and a wide range of retail outlets, cafes, restaurants, and recreational facilities. The university also serves as a testing centre for the IELTS exam.
# British V-class submarine (1914)

The British V-class submarines were built by Vickers, Barrow during World War I in response to Scotts, Greenock building the S class and Armstrong Whitworth building the W class.
Four V-class submarines were built.

## Boats

| Ship | Laid down | Launched | Completed | Fate |
| V1 | November 1912 | 23 July 1914 | May 1915 | Sold November 1921 |
| V2 | October 1913 | 17 February 1915 | November 1915 | Sold November 1921 |
| V3 | January 1914 | 1 April 1915 | January 1916 | Sold October 1920 |
| V4 | February 1914 | 25 November 1915 | March 1916 | Sold October 1920 |
# Gregorian Sacramentary

The Gregorian Sacramentary is a 10th-century illuminated Latin manuscript containing a sacramentary. Since the 16th century it has been in the Vatican Library, shelfmark Vat. Lat. 3806.

## Description

It is made up of 307 leaves written in Carolingian minuscule with uncials and incipits. It measures 34 cm by 27 cm. It was produced by an Italian copyist and illuminator, probably at Regensburg, since it includes a calendar with the usage of Fulda Abbey and mass formularies used in the diocese of Regensburg. Due to the archaic style of its first pages, it was once misattributed to saint Gregory, for example by Angelo Rocca in 1593.
The canon tables are on a double page spread at the start (the recto of leaf 1 and the verso of leaf 2), decorated with arches with floral and geometric motifs reminiscent of peacocks (symbols of the resurrection of Christ) and half-palms. The first page is typical of Ottonian or Carolingian art. The incipit to In nomine Domini (folio 11, verso) is ornamented with a gold and silver volute initial on a green and blue background. The following leaves beginning with Per omnia saecula and the monograms for Vere dignum and Te igitur are in gold uncial text on a purple background, surrounded by gold and silver geometric borders. The book concludes (leaf 307, recto) with a pontifical mass dedicated to pope Sylvester II (999-1003).
# Grewia sely

Grewia sely is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to Madagascar. It is known from only two locations on the island, and is critically endangered.

## Description

Grewia sely is a small shrub, growing up to 3 meters tall. It can be distinguished from the other members of its genus growing on Madagascar by its leaves, which are not acuminate at their apices.

## Range and habitat

Grewia sely is known from only two locations, 1395 km apart, in northern Sava Region at the northern end of the island, and Anosy region at Madagascar's southern end.
It is found in dry deciduous forest on lateritic soils near the coast, between sea level and 28 meters elevation.

## Conservation and threats

The two subpopulations are severely fragmented, and are genetically isolated. The species is threatened with habitat loss from shifting cultivation and conversion to agriculture. The northern subpopulation occurs in Loky-Manambato protected area. Its conservation status is assessed as critically endangered.
# Griffin Science-Fantasy Booklet Number One

Griffin Science-Fantasy Booklet Number One is an anthology of two science fiction stories anonymously edited by William L. Crawford. It was published as Griffin Publishing Company in 1947 in an edition of 1,000 copies. The stories originally appeared in the magazine Fantasy Book.

## Contents

* "The Gifts of Asti", by Andrew North
* "The Empire of Dust", by Basil Wells
# Griffin Smith

Griffin Smith (July 13, 1885 – April 29, 1955) was chief justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court from 1937 until his death in 1955.

## Early life, education, and career

Born in the small town of Laurel Hill in Smith County, Tennessee, Smith attended a public school for one year, but was primarily taught at home by his parents, who were well-educated. Smith began working in his teens, and while employed at the Tennessee state textbook depository in Cookeville at the age of 17, contracted tuberculosis, which required two years to recover. Smith moved to Arkansas in 1911. Smith entered the newspaper business, becoming "editor, part owner, and eventually full owner of the Paragould Daily Press and weekly Paragould Soliphone". During World War I, Smith "reported from France to those papers, the Arkansas Gazette, the Memphis Commercial Appeal, and the United Press". Smith remained in the newspaper business for ten years before he "decided to pursue a career in law".
Smith received his law degree from Cumberland University. He then "opened a law practice in Marianna, Arkansas, in 1926".

## Political and legal career

In 1932, Smith "handled the publicity" for the successful gubernatorial campaign of Junius Marion Futrell, after which Governor Futrell appointed Smith Comptroller of Arkansas.
In 1935, Smith was one of four men, including three government officials, involved in an altercation that broke out following a week of "squabbling over audit matters". Smith and his chief deputy accountant J. Bryan Sims both suffered injuries requiring medical attention, and resulting in assault and battery charges being brought against all four men involved. In September 1936, Governor Futrell fired Smith, who refused to voluntarily resign from the office. Futrell stated at the time that the firing was motivated in part by his sense that "some people seemed to think the state would topple into ruin except for Griffin Smith". These events did not dim Griffin's political career, as he was elected Chief Justice of the state supreme court later in 1936, remaining in that office until his death.
As a justice, Smith "was a strict constructionist and believed laws were passed to be enforced without fear of favor, hewing to the line and letting the chips fall where they would".

## Personal life and death

Smith died of a heart attack at the age of 69, collapsing while speaking at the First Christian Church of El Dorado, Arkansas, and dying at Warner Brown Hospital hours later. A number of reports noted that Smith died the week after the death of his predecessor in office, Cecil E. Johnson.
# Grimsby Steam and Diesel Fishing Vessels Engineers' and Firemen's Union

The Grimsby Steam and Diesel Fishing Vessels Engineers' and Firemen's Union was a trade union in the United Kingdom.

## History

The union was founded in 1896 as the Grimsby Steam Fishing Vessels' Engineers' and Firemen's Union. It initially had only fourteen members, but this increased to 131 by the end of the year, and 900 in 1900.
The union was affiliated to the National Federation of Enginemen, Stokers and Kindred Trade Societies. The union's membership was recorded as 1,232 in 1912, declining to 809 in 1926. The fishing industry based in Grimsby, once the largest fishing port in the world, declined dramatically towards the end of the 20th century.
In 1973, the union was expelled from the Trades Union Congress (TUC), for registering with the government, in defiance of TUC policy. It merged into the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1976.

## General Secretaries

    1896: John Collins
    1927: William Thompson
    1945: J. C. B. Olsen
    1956: G. H. Harker
    1961: J. R. Swinburn
    1962: A. B. Stuart
    1969: A. E. Horsley
# Gregurovec, Sveti Petar Orehovec

Gregurovec is a village in Croatia.
# Hamamlı, Manyas

Hamamlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Manyas, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 290 (2022).
# 4-phytase

The enzyme 4-phytase (EC 3.1.3.26) catalyzes the following reaction:
    myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate
myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate is also known as phytic acid.
These enzymes belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate 4-phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include 6-phytase (name based on 1L-numbering system and not 1D-numbering) and phytate 6-phosphatase.
Enzymes of this type participate in inositol phosphate metabolism.
# August von Spiess

Col. August Von Spiess, also spelled von Spieß (August 6, 1864 – 1953), formally known as Oberst August Roland von Braccioforte zum Portner und Höflein, was an officer, writer, famous hunter and Hunting Master for the Romanian royal court.
Von Spiess was born in Austria and became a Romanian citizen after the Union of Transylvania with Romania, following the dissolution of Austria-Hungary. He was married to Auguste Herbert from Sibiu. Their daughter was the ornithologist Silvia Stein Spiess (1901–1993).
In 1875, at 11 years old, he entered the military school of Sankt Pölten, after which he joined the Theresian Military Academy of Wiener Neustadt, Vienna. After 10 years of military studies, in August 1885 he became a lieutenant in the Transylvanian 64th Infantry stationed in the Orăştie-Sebeş-Alba Iulia area. In May 1889 he advanced to the rank of Major and settled in Sibiu, where he acted as drill officer. In 1893 he became a professor at the Military Infantry Cadet School of Sibiu; in 1911 he was named commander of the school. In February 1915, he advanced to the rank of Colonel and took command of the 2nd Regiment Infantry in Sibiu.
Von Spiess finished his military career after the end of World War I, and was appointed by King Ferdinand I of Romania as Director of the Royal Hunts from 1 July 1921. He kept this function until 1939. Simultaneously, he was a member of the Commission for Protection of Nature and National Parks, alongside honorary memberships of many domestic and foreign societies and associations with similar interests.
In 1926, Von Spiess and his daughter initiated a project to tag the birds of Snake Island, Romania. He led two hunting expeditions in equatorial Africa, in Kenya in 1936 and in Tanganyika in 1938. He was a fine observer of nature, a connoisseur of game habits and a keen hunter, and gathered during his life a collection of over 1,000 hunting trophies. He also wrote a number of books pertaining to animals and hunting, mostly tied to the Carpathian Mountains region.
In 1963 his entire animal and arms collection was donated to the Brukenthal Museum in Sibiu. Later the collection became the August Von Spiess Hunting and Hunting Arms Museum and was expanded with similar collections. The museum is now hosted in a dedicated country villa.

## Books

* Karpathenhirsche. Waidwerk aus fünf Jahrzehnten (Carpathian Stags. Hunting Trophies Of Five Decades) Paul Parey, Berlin, (1925)
* Im Zauber der Karpathen. Fünfundfünfzig Jahre Waldwerk (Under The Spell Of Carpathians. Fifty-five Years Of Hunting) Paul Parey, Berlin, (1933).
* Siebzehn Jahre Im Rumänischen Hofjagddienst (Seventeen Years In The Service Or Romanian Royal Hunts), F.C. Maye, München, 1940.
* Din Ardeal In Kilimandjaro, Vanatori In Africa (From Transylvania to Kilimandjaro, Hunts In Africa).
* Caprele Negre Din Masivul Retezat (The Chamoises Of Mount Retezat), Editura Hora, Sibiu, 2005.
* Die Wildkammern des Retezatmassivs als königliches Gemsgehege. Sein Tier- und Vogelleben, seine Geschichte und Jagd, 1933, Krafft & Drotleff, Hermannstadt.
# Katrancı, Eskil

Katrancı is a village in the Eskil District, Aksaray Province, Turkey. Its population is 457 (2021).
# Graduate student journal

A graduate student journal is an academic journal which is run by graduate students.

## Overview

They are involved in the production, editing and peer review processes for the journal. On the whole, graduate student journals have a poor reputation, limited funding, and training can result in poor production values and editorial practices. Despite this, some graduate student journals, such as the Harvard Educational Review, are highly regarded, and peer review can be performed to a higher standard in student-run journals than in more mainstream journals.

## Evaluation

Graduate Student Journals can be controversial, with some professors claiming that they create additional stress for students, create problems for their time management, and potentially erode academic publication standards, since students may be unable to commit enough time to the organization, review and writing process. Some critics have shown skepticism that students could provide rigorous review process associated with traditional academic journals.
Others have however pointed out that student journals provide students with unique opportunities and training not contemplated in regular activities. It is helpful for the development of communication skills, for the leadership opportunities they provide, for training students to collaborate with peers, and improving their research and writing skills. The opportunity also assists reviewers by training them to engage critically with manuscripts, a key part of academic life that is little developed in courses. Perry has also noted that graduate students may not be experts in their fields yet, but that they have ‘time, care and attention’ to dedicate to reading manuscripts, which other scholars often lack.
# Shasha Nakhai

Shasha Nakhai is a Filipino-Iranian Canadian film director, most noted as co-director with Rich Williamson of the 2021 film Scarborough. The film won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Picture, and Nakhai and Williamson won the award for Best Director, at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022.
A partner with Williamson in the production firm Compy Films, she first became known for her 2018 documentary film Take Light, which was a CSA nominee for Best Short Documentary at the 5th Canadian Screen Awards in 2017. She was also a producer of Williamson's short documentary film Frame 394, which was a CSA nominee for Best Short Documentary at the 5th Canadian Screen Awards in 2017.
Scarborough, codirected by Nakhai and Williamson as their debut narrative feature film, premiered at the 2021 Toronto International Film Festival. It was named the winner of the Changemaker Award, was first runner-up for the People's Choice Award, and received an honorable mention from the jury for the Best Canadian Film award. It was nominated for the Toronto Film Critics Association's Rogers Best Canadian Film Award.
Her other films have included The Sugar Bowl (2011), Paruparo (2013), 18 Roses (2016), The Hole in Reservoir Hill (2018) and Thirty Eight Minutes (2020).
# Joan Cather

Joan Cather (1882–1967) was a suffragette, awarded a Hunger Strike Medal, 'For Valour' and a Holloway brooch for imprisonment in the cause of women's rights to vote, and also as protest refused to take part in the 1911 British Census.

## Life and Activism

Born Joan Waller in 1882, she married John Leonard Cather in 1908. Her husband was a former Royal Navy Lieutenant and on leaving the service became by 1911 Census, a Motor Body Builder.
Cather was not recorded in the 1911 Census, along with other women refusing to be 'counted' if they had no right to vote.
Her husband supported her position as he had annotated the Census form that he had 'conscientious scruples' as head of household to note any 'female occupants' to avoid the census statistics being used by legislators for 'further vexatious legislation' against women 'in which they have no voice'. He went on to say he would provide the information if the Conciliation Committee Bill passed into law. The Registrar did however note two females as 'the probable number'.
Lt. Cather also joined in 1912 the Men's League for Women's Suffrage and was honorary secretary, and also was by 1914, chairman of the Finance Committee of the Church League for Women's Suffrage, where Joan Cather was the honorary propaganda secretary. This organisation aimed to 'Secure the Vote in Church and State as it is, or may be granted to men'. It was over a century later that females were permitted to be ordained as bishops within the Church of England.
The Church League in 1914 allowed individuals to participate in other movements for the cause of women's equality but their own organisation's 'only methods.. are those of Prayer and Education".

## Imprisonment and recognition

Cather was awarded a Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) Hunger Strike Medal for her imprisonment on 4 March 1912, a date when many women were arrested for a militant campaign of window-breaking. The citation engraved on the bar is 'For Valour' and the inscription says
   "PRESENTED TO JOAN CATHER BY THE WOMEN'S SOCIAL AND POLITICAL UNION IN RECOGNITION OF A GALLANT ACTION, WHEREBY THROUGH ENDURANCE TO THE LAST EXTREMITY OF HUNGER AND HARDSHIP A GREAT PRINCIPLE OF POLITICAL JUSTICE WAS VINDICATED."
The medal ribbons were in the WSPU colours of green white and purple. Cather's medal is in the British Museum.
Cather was also given a Holloway brooch also by the Women's Social and Political Union in recognition of her suffering for the cause.
# Cyprus women's national under-16 basketball team

The Cyprus women's national under-16 basketball team is a national basketball team of Cyprus, administered by the Cyprus Basketball Federation. It represents the country in women's international under-16 basketball competitions.

## FIBA U16 Women's EuroBasket participations

| Year | Division C |
| 2000 | |
| 2010 | 4th |
| 2011 | |
| 2012 | |
| 2013 | |
| Year | Division B |
| 2016 | 22nd |
| 2019 | |
| 2022 | |
| 2023 | 20th |
| 2024 | |
# Canton of Mazamet-1

The canton of Mazamet-1 is an administrative division of the Tarn department, southern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Mazamet.
It consists of the following communes:
* Aiguefonde
* Aussillon
* Boissezon
* Caucalières
* Lagarrigue
* Mazamet (partly)
* Noailhac
* Payrin-Augmontel
* Valdurenque
# Canton of Mayenne

The canton of Mayenne is an administrative division of the Mayenne department, northwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Mayenne.
It consists of the following communes:
* Alexain
* Contest
* Mayenne
* Parigné-sur-Braye
* Placé
* Saint-Baudelle
* Saint-Georges-Buttavent
* Saint-Germain-d'Anxure
# Cantus Mundi

Cantus Mundi, founded in 2011 by conductor Ion Marin, is the first national musical program of its kind in Romania. It teaches Romanian children to sing who do not have the financial resources for the training. Its goal is also to provide a means for social integration for the children across economic classes. Symphony Mundi is a related social program for musical education.

## Founding

In 2011, conductor Ion Marin developed the musical program with the assistance of volunteers from the Madrigal – Marin Constantin Choir, The National Chamber Choir. With continuing support from the choir, and under the direction of the Ministry of Culture, it became a national program with Government Decision no. 821/2014.
The Cantus Mundi National Program is coordinated by an Interministerial Committee made of representatives of various institutions, appointed by the order of the Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Regional Development and Public Administration, Ministry of Education and Research and Ministry of Labor and Social Justice.

## Overview

Free workshops, led by the chief conductor and members of the National Choir, are held in multiple locations in Romania, serving all 41 of its counties. Students receive musical training, including technical exercises, music theory, vocal tract anatomy, and musical theory. The program also includes teaching children to sing in different languages. Following the workshops, participants can access the Cantus Mundi website, which also has content for choir directors.
In 2013, Cantus Mundi began holding an annual gala attended by children's choirs of the Cantus Mundi network from around the country. On 26 November 2016, 15 choirs were directed by Anna Ungureanu, the conductor of the National Chamber Choir, at the Radio Hall in Bucharest. The choirs came from Bucharest, Focșani, Galați, Buzău, Oradea, and Brăila. In December, there were performance by children's choirs throughout the country.
More than 250,000 children and 4,100 conductors will have participated in the program by its seventh year. On 26 February 2017, more than 120 Hungarian and Romanian youth choirs sang with the National Chamber Choir at an event honoring the late composer Constantin Marin at the National University of Music Bucharest, an expression of the vision for Cantus Mundi.
Its goal is to have choirs in all of the country's schools and to provide training to hundreds of thousands of Romanian emigrants.
# Capel St Andrew

Capel St Andrew is a village and a civil parish in the East Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It is near the larger settlement of Orford.
Capel St Andrew is close to the River Butley, which is a tributary to the River Ore. A small ferry service runs from close to Capel St Andrew across the River Butley and gives cyclists and walkers easy access to Orford. To the east of the village lie the RSPB reserve at Boyton Marshes.
Capel St Andrew was referred to as Capeles in the Domesday Book, which is derived from the Latin for "chapel". Despite being named after a church, the village does not have a church any more. The church was demolished between 1529 and 1553.
# Capel Salem, Llanbedr

Capel Salem is a Grade II listed building in the hamlet of Pentre Gwynfryn, near Llanbedr, Gwynedd, Wales. This Baptist chapel building is located about a mile up river of Llanbedr, on a ridge between the two valleys. It is just 300 yards (270 m) upstream from where the two rivers meet. The building was begun in 1826 and completed in 1851 but ten years later, it was extended to include the chapel house and to remodel the interior.

## Salem by Vosper

The Chapel is the subject of a 1908 painting by Sidney Curnow Vosper, (b. 29 October 1866). The painting was purchased a year later by Lord Leverhulme of in 1909. At a time when many homes owned no form of visual art, Salem became widely and uniquely popular amongst working class communities, especially in Wales.
As the painting's popularity spread, so did the discussion and rumours around the notion that it contained a hidden figure, most notably that the devil was depicted in the central figure's shawl. The various interpretations of the painting, themselves became considered as examples of how people viewed rural nonconformist communities, and how the Welsh viewed themselves.
Vosper always denied he had painted any faces into the shawl. However, the painter did confirm that he painted a ghostly face in the window above the central figure. The partial knowledge (that somewhere within the painting is a hidden face) was probably the starting point for the belief that a devil was painted into the shawl. Today, the painting and its hidden faces are often cited as an example of pareidolia. The original picture now hangs in the Lady Lever Art Gallery, Port Sunlight.