OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bessie Bradwell Helmer

Bessie Bradwell Helmer (October 20, 1858 – January 10, 1927) was an American lawyer, editor and publisher. She edited the Revised Statutes of the State of Illinois. She was associated with the Illinois State Bar Association and the American Bar Association.

## Early life and education

Born on October 20, 1858, in Chicago, Illinois, Bessie Bradwell Helmer was the daughter of the Judge James B. Bradwell and his wife Myra Colby Bradwell, a well-known lawyer and an active proponent of woman suffrage. Her father, James B. Bradwell, also an advocate of women’s advancement, was “the first judge to hold that a marriage made during slavery was valid after emancipation.” Her mother, Myra Colby Bradwell, was the first woman in the United States to formally apply for admission to the Illinois bar in 1869, which was refused “on the basis of her sex.” However, in 1890, acting on its own motion, the Supreme Court of Illinois approved her original application. In a significant move, in 1892, she was allowed to practice before the US Supreme Court as well.
Helmer graduated from the Chicago High School as valedictorian in 1876. She continued her higher education from the Union College of Law, Chicago (later Northwestern University Law School), and received an A.B. in 1880 and an A.M. in 1882. She was also chosen as valedictorian of her class in the Union College of Law, Chicago. As encouraged by her mother, Helmer received her LL.B. and was later admitted to the Illinois bar.

## The Great Chicago Fire

At the age of 13, Helmer survived the Great Chicago Fire of October 8th, 1871. She and her father, upon realizing the city was “doomed”, traveled to his law office to rescue law books and a subscription book to her mother’s Chicago Legal News. She and her family were separated in the crowd but were eventually reunited a day later at a town meeting.

## Marriage and Legal Practice

On December 23, 1885, she married Frank Ambrose Helmer, also a lawyer, and joined him in his legal practice. In 1894, following her mother’s death, she became assistant editor of the Chicago Legal News, the first legal journal in the West, founded by her mother, Myra Colby Bradwell, in 1868, who served as both publisher and editor.
After her father’s death, in 1907, she became the editor-in-chief of the Chicago Legal News and the president of the company that owned the journal. Helmer was part of the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, now known as the American Association of University Women, and briefly served as its president of the Chicago branch.
She also edited at least ten volumes of Reports of Cases Determined in the Appellate Court of Illinois.
In 1926, she submitted her writings on the Great Chicago Fire to the Chicago Historical Society (now the Chicago History Museum). She died on January 10, 1927, in Battle Creek, Michigan.
# Aiko Sato

Aiko Sato may refer to:
* Aiko Satō (writer) (佐藤 愛子, born 1923), Japanese writer
* Aiko Sato (actress) (佐藤 藍子, born 1977), Japanese actress
* Aiko Sato (judoka) (佐藤 愛子, born 1983), Japanese judoka
# Bahamas at the 1964 Summer Olympics

The Bahamas competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The nation won its first ever Olympic gold medal.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Gold | Durward Knowles Cecil Cooke | Sailing | Star |

## Athletics
### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Tom Robinson | 100 m | 10.50 | 1 Q | 10.38 | 1 Q | 10.22 | 2 Q | 10.57 | 8 |
| George Collie | 100 m | 10.90 | 5 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| George Collie | 200 m | 21.91 | 5 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Hartley Saunders | Triple jump | 14.59 | 29 | did not advance | did not advance |

## Sailing
### Open

| Athlete | Event | Race | Race | Race | Race | Race | Race | Race | Net points | Final rank |
| Athlete | Event | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | Net points | Final rank |
| Durward Knowles Cecil Cooke | Star | 1 | 5 | DNF | 6 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5664 | |
| Godfrey Kelly Maurice Kelly Robert Eardley | Dragon | 16 | 13 | 13 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 4294 | 7 |
| Robert Symonette Roy Ramsay Percy Knowles | 5.5 Metre | 9 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 2713 | 9 |
# Brendan Kennedy (businessman)

Brendan Kennedy (born 1971 or 1972) is an American businessman, CEO and a co-founder of Privateer Holdings, along with Michael Blue and Christian Groh, and the former CEO of Tilray.

## Early life and education

Kennedy is the sixth of seven children of a San Francisco-based family.
Kennedy earned a BA in architecture from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993, an MS in Engineering from the University of Washington in 1995, and an MBA from Yale University in 2005.

## Career

Kennedy previously worked at SVB Analytics, an affiliate of Silicon Valley Bank, as did Christian Groh.
He "experimented with cannabis" before founding Privateer Holdings in 2011.
Kennedy founded Tilray in 2014, originally incorporated under Privateer Holdings and as one of Canada's first licensed producers. In 2019, Privateer Holdings was merged with Tilray.
Kennedy served as Tilray's CEO until 2020, when he announced his resignation.

## Personal life

Kennedy has two children, and lives in Seattle. He has said that "probably the hardest thing" about becoming rich was telling his in-laws.

### Net worth

According to Bloomberg L.P., as of September 2018, Kennedy has a net worth of at least US$2.4 billion. In 2019, his total compensation from Tilray was $3.48 million, down from $31.82 million in 2018. Tilray stock later collapsed and as of February 2021, Kennedy is worth $238 million.
# Chunerpeton

Chunerpeton tianyiensis is an extinct species of salamander from the Late Jurassic Daohugou Beds in Ningcheng County, Nei Mongol (Inner Mongolia), China. It is the only species classified under the genus Chunerpeton, which means "early creeping animal". It was a small animal measuring 18 cm in length. It was neotenic, with the retention of external gills into adulthood. In the original description it was placed in Cryptobranchidae, which contains modern giant salamanders. A redescription published in 2020 found it to be a stem-group caudatan outside the crown group of modern salamanders. A 2021 study found it to be a member of Cryptobranchoidea outside of Cryptobranchidae. In 2022 a more extensive analysis, with greater character and taxon sampling, recovered Chunerpeton tianyiense as a stem-group caudatan, outside the crown group of modern salamanders, and associated with Beiyanerpeton jianpingensis and Qinglongtriton gangouensis.
Chunerpeton tianyiensis has been used to constrain the age of Cryptobranchoidea in over a dozen molecular divergence analyses but given the uncertain affinity of the taxon perhaps it should no longer be used in this way.
It lived with likely stem-group salamanders, e.g. Jeholotriton paradoxus Wang 2000, Liaoxitriton daohugouensis Wang 2004, and Pangerpeton sinensis Wang & Evans 2006 of the same age.
# DiCaprio (surname)

DiCaprio or Di Caprio is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George DiCaprio (born 1943), American writer, editor, publisher, distributor, and former performance artist
* Leonardo DiCaprio (born 1974), American actor and film producer
# Johnny Byrne (writer)

John Christopher Byrne (27 November 1935 – 2 April 2008) was an Irish television screenwriter and script editor. He travelled extensively in his youth as a travelling poet. During the 1960s he worked as a literary editor, and wrote short stories that were published in Science Fantasy magazine.
Byrne's other works include the novel Groupie (1969, co-written with Jenny Fabian), the BBC "Wednesday Play" Season of the Witch (1971), and the scripts for the films Adolf Hitler: My Part in His Downfall (1972, co-written with original author Spike Milligan and Norman Cohen), and Rosie Is My Relative (1976). He was script editor of the TV series All Creatures Great and Small (1976, 1978, 1985, 1988–1990), writing 29 episodes, and also produced scripts for One by One (1987). Byrne was the creator of the TV drama series Heartbeat (which was loosely based on the Constable books by Nicholas Rhea), writing 23 episodes for 17 series between 1992 and 2005. He also created and wrote for Noah's Ark (1997–98).

## Space: 1999

Byrne was the most prolific scriptwriter for the first series of Space: 1999 (1973–75), and was initially assigned the role of creative consultant for the second season (1976–77). However, hoping to make a greater impact on the American market, the producers desired a consultant from the United States, and the job was subsequently given to Fred Freiberger.
Byrne's scripts for series one of Space: 1999 were "Matter of Life and Death" (based on a draft by Art Wallace), "Another Time, Another Place", "Force of Life", "Voyager's Return" (based on an idea by Joe Gannon), "End of Eternity", "The Troubled Spirit", "Mission of the Darians", and "The Testament of Arkadia". For series two, he wrote "The Metamorph", "The Immunity Syndrome", and "The Dorcons".

## Doctor Who

Byrne is also known for his contributions to the British science-fiction TV series Doctor Who. The first of his three scripted and screened stories was The Keeper of Traken (1981), which resurrected the Master and served as the first instalment in a trilogy of stories (continuing with Logopolis and Castrovalva) involving the character. For the same story, Byrne created the character of Nyssa, who would later become a companion to the Fifth Doctor.
Byrne's second story, Arc of Infinity (1983), featured the Time Lord villain Omega, who had first appeared in The Three Doctors a decade earlier. His final screened story was Warriors of the Deep (1984), which saw the return of monsters the Silurians and the Sea Devils.
In 1991, Byrne wrote the final draft script for an unmade Doctor Who movie called Doctor Who: Last of the Time Lords.

## Personal life

Byrne left Ireland for the United Kingdom in 1956. For a time, he worked as a teacher of English as a foreign language in various cities in Europe. In 1975 he married Sandy Carrington-Mail, with whom he had three sons.

## Death

Byrne died in 2008, aged 72. He last resided, and is buried in, Heydon, Norfolk.
# Cyathocoma

Cyathocoma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cyperaceae.
Its native range is Southern Africa.
Species:
* Cyathocoma bachmannii (Kük.) C.Archer
* Cyathocoma ecklonii Nees
* Cyathocoma hexandra (Nees) Browning
# Duocarmycin

The duocarmycins are members of a series of related natural products first isolated from Streptomyces bacteria in 1978. They are notable for their extreme cytotoxicity and thus represent a class of exceptionally potent antitumour antibiotics.

## Biological activity

As small-molecule, synthetic, DNA minor groove binding alkylating agents, duocarmycins are suitable to target solid tumors. They bind to the minor groove of DNA and alkylate the nucleobase adenine at the N3 position. The irreversible alkylation of DNA disrupts the nucleic acid architecture, which eventually leads to tumor cell death. Analogues of naturally occurring antitumour agents, such as duocarmycins, represent a new class of highly potent antineoplastic compounds.
The work of Dale L. Boger and others created a better understanding of the pharmacophore and mechanism of action of the duocarmycins. This research has led to synthetic analogs including adozelesin, bizelesin, and carzelesin which progressed into clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Similar research that Boger utilized for comparison to his results involving elimination of cancerous tumors and antigens was centered around the use of similar immunoconjugates that were introduced to cancerous colon cells. These studies related to Boger's research involving antigen-specificity that is necessary to the success of the duocarmycins as antitumor treatments.

## Duocarmycin analogues vs tubulin binders

The duocarmycin have shown activity in a variety of multi-drug resistant (MDR) models. Agents that are part of this class of duocarmycins have the potency in the low picomolar range. This makes them suitable for maximizing the cell-killing potency of antibody-drug conjugates to which they are attached.

## Duocarmycins

* Duocarmycin A
* Duocarmycin B1
* Duocarmycin B2
* Duocarmycin C1
* Duocarmycin C2
* Duocarmycin D
* Duocarmycin SA
* CC-1065

## Antibody-drug conjugates

The DNA modifying agents such as duocarmycin are being used in the development of antibody-drug conjugate or ADCs. Scientists at The Netherlands-based Byondis (formerly Synthon) have combined a unique linkers with duocarmycin derivatives that have a hydroxyl group which is crucial for biological activity. Using this technology scientists aim to create ADCs having an optimal therapeutic window, balancing the effect of potent cell-killing agents on tumor cells versus healthy cells.

## Synthetic analogs

The synthetic analogs of duocarmycins include adozelesin, bizelesin, and carzelesin. As members of the cyclopropylpyrroloindole family, these investigational drugs have progressed into clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.

### Bizelesin

Bizelesin is antineoplastic antibiotic which binds to the minor groove of DNA and induces interstrand cross-linking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Bizelesin also enhances p53 and p21 induction and triggers G2/M cell-cycle arrest, resulting in cell senescence without apoptosis.
# Bahamas at the 1976 Summer Paralympics

Bahamas sent a delegation to compete at the 1976 Summer Paralympics in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Its athletes failed in winning any medal and finished last along 7 other countries.
# Brian Fitzgerald (baseball)

Brian Michael Fitzgerald (born December 26, 1974) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher who played for the Seattle Mariners in 2002. In 6 games, he had an 8.53 ERA and 3 strikeouts. On August 12, 2002, he was claimed off waivers by the Colorado Rockies.
# 2010 NZIHL season

The 2010 NZIHL season was the sixth season of the New Zealand Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in New Zealand. Five teams participated in the league, and the Botany Swarm won the championship by defeating the West Auckland Admirals in the final.

## Regular season

| | Club | GP | W | OTW | T | OTL | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | Botany Swarm | 16 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 76:50 | 34 |
| 2. | West Auckland Admirals | 16 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 74:77 | 26 |
| 3. | Canterbury Red Devils | 16 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 92:75 | 26 |
| 4. | Dunedin Thunder | 16 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 71:84 | 18 |
| 5. | Southern Stampede | 16 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 51:78 | 16 |

## Final

* Botany Swarm – West Auckland Admirals 3:1
# Churriguera

The Churriguera family consisted of at least two generations of Spanish sculptors and architects, originally from Barcelona, but who had their greatest impact in Salamanca. The highly decorated Churrigueresque style of architectural construction is named after the family.
The family of José Benito de Churriguera (1665–1725) were sculptors, already known for their elaborate architectural decorations. When José Benito began designing buildings, the decorations became even more extravagant and exaggerated. Later both his sculptor brothers, Joaquin (1674–1724) and Alberto (1676–1750) were to become architects and the family tradition that was carried on by the next generation had begun.
# Didymocrea

Didymocrea is a genus of fungi in the family Zopfiaceae; according to the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota, the placement in this family is uncertain. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Didymocrea sadasivanii.
# Jonathon O'Dougherty

Jonathon O'Dougherty (born 22 February 1978), is a Welsh ice dancer who competed for Britain with his wife, Pamela O'Connor.

## Personal life

O'Dougherty was born in Wrexham, Wales on 22 February 1978. He graduated from South Nottingham College in 2004 with a degree in Sports Science. He graduated from San Jose State University. He has one brother, who also skated competitively.
O'Connor and O'Dougherty moved to California in 2004, then moved to Minnesota in 2007, where they married. They moved back to California in 2009, where they coached at Sharks Ice in San Jose, California. They then moved to Bozeman, MT where O'Dougherty serves as the Skating Director for the Gallatin Ice Foundation. He currently coaches at the Bozeman Figure Skating Club. They have two daughters, born in Bozeman.

## Career

O'Dougherty started to skate at age twelve. He was initially a singles skater. After switching to ice dancing. In 1995, he teamed up with O'Connor. They won the bronze medal at the British Junior ice dance championships in their first year together.
O'Connor and O'Dougherty competed at one World Championships, finishing 19th in 2002, and twice at the European Championships, finishing 16th in 2003 and 14th in 2005. They won medals at several internationals – Finlandia Trophy, Pavel Roman Memorial, Ondrej Nepela Memorial, and Golden Spin of Zagreb – and one senior national title. They trained in Great Britain and France until they moved to California to train with Sergei Ponomarenko and Marina Klimova, Olympic gold medalists.
In 1999, O'Dougherty appeared in Robbie Williams' music video for "She's the One".
O'Connor and O'Dougherty retired from competitive skating in 2005. They appeared in the 2006 Australian TV show, Torvill and Dean's Dancing on Ice. O'Dougherty's celebrity partner, Giaan Rooney, injured her ankle before the second episode.
O'Connor and O'Dougherty coach at the Sharks Ice in San Jose, California. They have coached several ice dancers and singles skaters, including Madeline Heritage and Nathan Fast, and Katie Dano.

## Programs

(with O'Connor)
| Season | Original dance | Free dance |
| 2004–2005 | Kick in the Head by Robbie Williams Down with Love by Holly Palmer, Michael Buble | Tonight by Elton John |
| 2003–2004 | Swing | Moulin Rouge! |

## Competitive highlights

(with O'Connor)
Results :
| International |||||||||||
| Event | 1996–97 | 1997–98 | 1998–99 | 1999–00 | 2000–01 | 2001–02 | 2002–03 | 2003–04 | 2004–05 | 2005–06 |
| Worlds | | | | | | | 19th | | | |
| Europeans | | | | | | | 16th | | 14th | |
| Bofrost Cup | | | | | | | | 7th | 5th | |
| Finlandia Trophy | | | | | | | | 3rd | | |
| Golden Spin | | | | | | | 5th | 2nd | | |
| Karl Schäfer | | | | | | 6th | | | | |
| Nebelhorn | | | | | | | | | | 8th |
| Ondrej Nepela | | | | | 2nd | | 3rd | | | |
| Pavel Roman | | | | | | | 1st | | | |
| International: Junior |||||||||||
| Junior Worlds | 17th | | | | | | | | | |
| National |||||||||||
| British | 1st J. | 4th | 5th | 4th | 3rd | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | 2nd | |
| J. = Junior level |||||||||||
# Cycas guizhouensis

Cycas guizhouensis is a species of cycad endemic to southwestern China.

## Distribution

It is found in Nanpan and Qingshui valleys in southwestern Guizhou province (including Xingyi) and also in eastern Yunnan and northwestern Guangxi provinces (including Xilin County and Leye County). In Xingyi, Guizhou, specimens were collected from Wantun Village 万屯村. It was used as a famine food by local ethnic minorities during the Cultural Revolution.
Wild populations are very small, with fewer than 50 individuals per population.
# Charles Broad

Charles Broad may refer to:
* Charles Broad (British Army officer) (1882–1976), British Army general
* Charles Broad (magistrate) (1828–1879), New Zealand goldfields administrator and magistrate
* Charles Harrington Broad (1872–1959), New Zealand cricketer and school teacher
* Charles Broad (Canterbury cricketer) (1945–2019), New Zealand cricketer
* C. D. Broad (Charlie Dunbar Broad, 1887–1971), English epistemologist, philosopher and writer
# Hexyllithium

n-Hexyllithium, C$_6$H$_{13}$Li, sometimes abbreviated to HxLi or NHL, is an organolithium compound used in organic synthesis as a strong base or as a lithiation reagent. It is usually encountered as a colorless or pale yellow solution in hexanes. Such solutions are highly sensitive to air and can ignite when treated with water.
In terms of chemical properties, hexyllithium and n-butyllithium (BuLi) are very similar. As a base, hexyllithium generates n-hexane as a byproduct rather than gaseous butane, which results from the use of BuLi. Another advantage for HxLi is that it is slightly less reactive. Both of these aspects encourage industrial applications. It is commercially available as a solution in mixed hexanes, usually at a concentration of about 2 M for laboratory use or 33% for industrial use.
As for BuLi, the structure and formula for HxLi are often depicted as a monomer. Like all organolithium compounds, it exists as clusters in solution and as a solid.
# Baby Driver (disambiguation)

Baby Driver is a 2017 action-crime film.
Baby Driver may also refer to:
* Baby Driver – Music from the Motion Picture, the soundtrack album to the film Baby Driver
* Baby Driver, a 1981 novel by Jan Kerouac
* "Baby Driver", a song by Simon and Garfunkel from Bridge over Troubled Water
* "Baby Driver", a song by Kiss from Rock and Roll Over
# 2010 Nagano gubernatorial election

A gubernatorial election was held on 8 August 2010 to elect the next governor of Nagano (長野県, Nagano-ken), a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshu island.

## Candidates

Jin Murai, 73, a former veteran LDP lawmaker, elected in 2006 is not seeking reelection.
* Yoshimasa Koshihara, 63, vice-governor (2006-2010).
* Shuichi Abe, 49, bureaucrat, former Nagano vice governor (2001-2004). Backed by DPJ, he was also supported by the People’s New Party and SDP.
* Takeshi Matsumoto, 59, former fine arts museum curator. Presented by the JCP.
Source:

## Results

Nagano gubernatorial 2010 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Shuichi Abe | 362,903 | 39.85 | 6.73 |
| | Liberal Democratic | Yoshimasa Koshihara | 357,882 | 39.30 | 14.12 |
| | Communist | Takeshi Matsumoto | 189,793 | 20.84 | n/a |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 919.908 | 52,70 | 13.28 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1.745.560 | | |
| | Swing to Democratic from Liberal Democratic | Swing to Democratic from Liberal Democratic | Swing | 0.55 | |
# Alnothus

Alnothus was a medieval Bishop of Dorchester, when the town was seat of the united dioceses of Lindsey and Dorchester.
Alnothus was consecrated between 971 and 975 and died between 975 and 979.