OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Canadian National Breast Screening Study

The Canadian National Breast Screening Study, sometimes abbreviated as CNBSS or NBSS, was a randomized trial conducted with the aim of evaluating whether mammography reduced breast cancer incidence or mortality among women who underwent screening. The trial was initiated in 1980, and was conducted in fifteen screening centers in six different Canadian provinces. It was the first study designed to determine whether mammography was effective among women between the ages of 40 and 49.

## Methodology

In the CNBSS, nearly 90,000 women were randomly assigned to either undergo mammographic screening annually, or not undergo it, for five years (1980-1985). The women who participated in the study were aged 40–59, and were divided into two groups: the age 40-49 group and the age 50-59 group. The women aged 40–49 in the mammography group also received annual breast exams, as did the women aged 50–59 in both the mammography and control groups. The women aged 40–49 in the control group received only one breast exam, after which they were told to remain under the care of their family doctor.

## Results

The first paper reporting on results of the study was published in 1992, whereupon it generated considerable debate in the scientific community. In February 2014, the BMJ published more results from the study after following up on the participants for twenty-five years, with the authors concluding that "annual mammography in women aged 40-59 does not reduce mortality from breast cancer beyond that of physical examination or usual care when adjuvant therapy for breast cancer is freely available." The study also reported substantial overdiagnosis among women who had been screened, which the authors stated accounted for about 22% of the cancers detected by screening.

## Reaction

H. Gilbert Welch, of the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, has described the CNBSS as “probably the most meticulously done randomized trial of screening mammography." In contrast, in response to the 2014 study reporting on the results of the CNBSS after twenty-five years of follow up, the American College of Radiology (ACR) and Society of Breast Imaging issued a statement describing the paper as “an incredibly misleading analysis based on the deeply flawed and widely discredited Canadian National Breast Screening Study.” The ACR's statement also claimed that the investigators who conducted the CNBSS allocated women with "large incurable cancers" to the mammography group, which led to more women dying in the screened group. Welch responded to this statement by arguing that if it was true, there would have been more deaths among screened women, when in fact there were the same number of deaths among both the screened and unscreened groups. A 2015 review regarding the CNBSS concluded that its findings are "not applicable to current practice" because the study included a high proportion of women with palpable tumors, which, according to the authors of the review, "cannot contribute to an improved mortality reduction."
# Candles (song)

"Candles" is a song recorded by American pop punk band Hey Monday. The song was first included on the group's debut album, Hold On Tight (2008). While working on their scrapped second studio album, the band re-recorded the song; this new version was released on February 8, 2011 as the Candles EP, along with an acoustic demo of the song and a previously-unreleased song called "The One That Got Away". A music video for the song debuted March 9, 2011 on Just Jared. "Candles" was the last single released by the group before they went on hiatus for Cassadee Pope to pursue her solo career.

## Credits and personnel

* Cassadee Pope – writer, lead vocals
* Mike Gentile – guitar
* Alex Lipshaw – guitar
* Michael "Jersey" Moriarty – bass
* Elliot James – drums
* Will Pugh – background vocals
* Clifford Carter – piano
* Rob Mathes - strings

## Chart performance

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| US Rock Digital Songs (Billboard) | 31 |

## Glee version

The cast of Glee covered the song in their second season episode, "Original Song". In the episode, Blaine Anderson (Darren Criss) and Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer) performed "Candles" as a duet as part of The Warblers' setlist for Regionals. As with almost every song performed on the show, the Glee cover was released as a digital single, on March 15, 2011. It is also included on the soundtrack album Glee: The Music Presents the Warblers. The Glee version proved to be more commercially successful than the original, charting in Australia, Canada, The United Kingdom, and The United States.

### Chart performance

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 100 |
| Canadian Hot 100 | 86 |
| UK Singles (Official Charts Company) | 165 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 71 |
# Cannole railway station

Cannole railway station is a railway station in Cannole, Italy. The station is located on the Lecce-Otranto railway. The train services and the railway infrastructure are operated by Ferrovie del Sud Est.

## Train services

The station is served by the following service:
| Preceding station | Ferrovie del Sud Est | Following station |
| Bagnolo del Salentotoward Lecce | Treno regionale | Giurdignanotoward Otranto |
# Harbour City

Harbour City may refer to:
* Harbour City (Hong Kong), a shopping centre
* Harbor City, Los Angeles, the community in Los Angeles
* Harbour City tram stop, a tram stop in Greater Manchester
* Kaohsiung, nicknamed "the harbour city" for having the biggest port in Taiwan
* Nanaimo, British Columbia, officially called "The Harbour City"
* Sydney, nicknamed "the Harbour City"
* Harbor City Capital, a Florida-based alternative investment firm employing George Santos during 2020–2021
# Canadian maple

Canadian maple may refer to:
* Acer saccharum, a hardwood common in Northern America
* Canadian Gold Maple Leaf, the official bullion gold coin of Canada
# Canton of Amboise

The canton of Amboise is an administrative division of the Indre-et-Loire department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Amboise.
It consists of the following communes:
* Amboise
* Cangey
* Chargé
* Limeray
* Lussault-sur-Loire
* Montreuil-en-Touraine
* Mosnes
* Nazelles-Négron
* Neuillé-le-Lierre
* Noizay
* Pocé-sur-Cisse
* Saint-Ouen-les-Vignes
* Saint-Règle
* Souvigny-de-Touraine
# Canoe Sailing World Championship

The Canoe Sailing World Championships is an international competition in canoe sailing, sanctioned by the ICF as the premier event in that discipline.
The competition was first held in 1961 and has been held roughly every 3 years since. British Robin Wood has won the championships a record 4 times

## Medalists

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1961 | Hayling Island | Alan Emus (GBR) | John Hunt (GBR) | Graham Smith (GBR) |
| 1965 | Lake Constance | Alan Emus (GBR) | Lars Johanssen (SWE) | John A. Biddle (GBR) |
| 1969 | Grafham Water | Alan Emus (GBR) | Gunnar Aggefors (SWE) | John A. Biddle (GBR) |
| 1972 | Oxelösund | Martin Rosell (SWE) | Gunnar Aggefors (SWE) | John A. Biddle (GBR) |
| 1975 | Hayling Island | Lars-Erik Lundgren (GBR) | Leif Johansson (SWE) | Mats Lind (SWE) |
| 1978 | Fiskeboda | Martin Gullberg (SWE) | Steve Clark (USA) | Lars-Erik Lundgren (SWE) |
| 1981 | Buzzards Bay | Max Tollqvist (SWE) | Olle Berqvist (SWE) | Steve Clark (USA) |
| 1984 | Ängelholm | Steve Clark (USA) | Chris Converse (USA) | Hannah Clark (USA) |
| 1987 | Plymouth | Robin Wood (GBR) | Lars Guck (USA) | Patrick Marshall (GBR) |
| 1990 | Steinhuder Meer | Lars Guck (USA) | Steve Clark (USA) | Jens Reichert (FRG) |
| 1993 | San Francisco | Robin Wood (GBR) | Steve Clark (USA) | Lars Guck (USA) |
| 1996 | Port Stephens | Robin Wood (GBR) | Mark Goodchild (GBR) | Anders Petersson (SWE) |
| 1999 | Nynäshamn | Lester Noble (GBR) | Mark Goodchild (GBR) | Anders Petersson (SWE) |
| 2002 | Bristol | Steve Clark (USA) | Anders Petersson (SWE) | Eric Chase (USA) |
| 2005 | Weymouth | Mark Goodchild (GBR) | John Ellis (GBR) | Simon Allen (GBR) |
| 2008 | Port Philipp | Hayden Virtue (AUS) | Bill Beaver (USA) | Seth Dunbar (AUS) |
| 2011 | Travemünde | Chris Maas (USA) | Peter Ullman (GER) | Alistair Warren (GBR) |
| 2014 | San Francisco | Mikey Radziejowski (USA) | Chris Maas (USA) | Alistair Warren (GBR) |
| 2017 | Pwllheli | Robin Wood (GBR) | Chris Maas (USA) | Alistair Warren (GBR) |
| 2020 | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled | Cancelled |
| 2024 | Travemünde | Glen Truswell (GBR) | Michael Costello (USA) | Mike Fenwick (GBR) |
# Harmony Network NZ

HARMONY Network NZ (acronym for Happiness, Autonomy, Resilience, Motivation, Opportunity, Nature and Young) was an unregistered political party in New Zealand. According to a press release from the party, it was environmentalist and supports happiness and autonomy.
The party contested one electorate in the 2020 New Zealand general election; Sophia Xiao-Colley, in Northland She received 28 votes, coming last out of twelve candidates. It did not field any candidates in the 2023 general election.
# Hargraves, New South Wales

Hargraves is a village in Central West New South Wales, Australia. It is 306 kilometres (190 mi) north west of the state capital of Sydney and 39 kilometres (24 mi) southwest of the town of Mudgee, New South Wales, Australia. At the 2011 census, Hargraves had a population of 338.
It lies within the traditional lands of the Wiradjuri people.
Initially known as Louisa Creek, it was renamed Hargraves after Edward Hargraves. It owes its origins to gold mining, which occurred there from the early 1850s.
# Harold Hayman

Frank Harold Hayman (12 December 1894 – 4 February 1966) was a British Labour Party politician born in Redruth, Cornwall.
He joined the staff of Cornwall County Council in 1913, working as a clerk, and became a District Education Officer for Redruth in 1920. From 1928 onwards he held various offices in the National Association of Local Government Officers, and after the War contested the constituency of Camborne for the Labour Party, but was defeated. He was a member of various overseas parliamentary delegations and of the Court of Referees for Private Bills; from November 1959 to December 1963 he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Leader of the Opposition, Hugh Gaitskell.
He was first elected to the British House of Commons at the 1950 general election as Member of Parliament for Falmouth and Camborne. He was re-elected in this 3-way marginal constituency at three further general elections, before his death in 1966 at the age of 71. No by-election was held, because the 1966 general election was held only 8 weeks later, on 31 March, when the seat was held for Labour by John Dunwoody.
# Harrysson

Harrysson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andreas Harrysson (born 1975), Swedish darts player
* Lotta Harrysson (born 1966), Swedish sailor
* Per Harrysson (born 1967), Swedish footballer
* Tim Harrysson (born 1992), Swedish ice hockey player
# Canthigaster flavoreticulata

Canthigaster flavoreticulata is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is a tropical marine species associated with reefs. It is known only from Tonga, where it occurs at a depth range of 98 to 111 m (322 to 364 ft).
# Canthigaster coronata

Canthigaster coronata, commonly called the crowned toby, is a species of pufferfish endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

## Description

The crowned toby grows to a size of 14 cm in length. Its back has three dark brown saddles that may have reminded Hawaiians of lava flows, hence the species being known by its Hawaiian name pu'u olai, meaning "cinder cone". Yellow dots cover much of the whitish bodies, while blue and yellow lines radiate from their eyes.

## Related species

Canthigaster cyanospilota and C. axiologus were once synonymized with C. coronata to give the crowned toby an Indo-Pacific distribution, but Randall et al. (2008) found C. cyanospilota and C. axiologa to sufficiently distinct from C. coronata to be revalidated.
# Harlan Pruden

Harlan Pruden is a First Nations Cree scholar and community organizer known for his work in the two-spirit community.

## Background

Pruden was raised in northeast Alberta, Canada and is a member of the Cree Nation. He grew up on his mother's reservation, the Beaver Lake Cree Nation, but is a member of the Saddle Lake Cree Nation in Alberta. PRUDEN moved to New York City in May 1994. In addition to serving on the board of for the American Indian Community House's board, he co-founded the NorthEast Two-Spirit Society (NE2SS) in New York City, which organizes traditional cultural ceremonies for two-spirit Indigenous peoples. He was also a co-chair of the National Native HIV/AIDS Coalition, one of the first national efforts within the HIV/AIDS field to include all of the Two-Spirit organizations and groups in the United States.
In 2011, Pruden was instrumental in helping the Chicago-Based Legacy Project, whose outdoor LGBT history installation, The Legacy Walk, included a plaque co-written by Pruden. In April 2011, Pruden was appointed to Manhattan Community Board 12, where he served as the Chair of Parks and Cultural Affairs.
In the spring of 2013, he was appointed to be an American representative to the International Indigenous Peoples Working Group on HIV/AIDS.
In August 2014, he was appointed to the Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS. Pruden is the co-chair of the global subcommittee and a member for the health disparity subcommittee. He is one of the lead organizers of the National Confederacy of Two-Spirit Organizations; serves as the principal two-spirit consultant to USA's federal agency of Substance Abuse Mental Services Administration (SAMHSA) Tribal Training and Technical Assistance Center. He serves as an honorary committee member of the Institute for Sexual Minority Studies and Services at the University of Alberta, and is a native community advisory expert panel member for the University of Washington’s Indigenous Wellness Research Institute.
Pruden has also headed SpeakOUT: LGBT Voices for Recovery, a program of the LGBT Community Center in New York City. Pruden has worked on political campaigns, including Hillary Clinton’s 2000 Senate race; as well as New York State Senate and New York City Council races. He was formerly Chief of Staff for Craig M. Johnson, a former State Legislator, when Johnson was in the Nassau County Legislature.
Up until March 2014, Pruden worked for the State of New York's Empire State Development Corporation in the Division of Minority & Women's Business Development, which promotes equality of economic opportunities for MWBEs works towards the elimination of barriers to their participation in state contracts.

## Personal life

As of April 2015, he now lives in Vancouver, British Columbia with his spouse Stephen.
# Canton of Lannion

The canton of Lannion is an administrative division of the Côtes-d'Armor department, northwestern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Lannion.
It consists of the following communes:
* Lannion
* Ploulec'h
* Rospez
# Canton of Lanvallay

The canton of Lanvallay is an administrative division of the Côtes-d'Armor department, northwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Lanvallay.
It consists of the following communes:
* Bobital
* Brusvily
* Calorguen
* Les Champs-Géraux
* Évran
* Le Hinglé
* Lanvallay
* Pleudihen-sur-Rance
* Plouasne
* Le Quiou
* Saint-André-des-Eaux
* Saint-Carné
* Saint-Hélen
* Saint-Judoce
* Saint-Juvat
* Tréfumel
* Trévron
# Canton of Laon-1

The canton of Laon-1 is an administrative division of the Aisne department, in northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Laon.
It consists of the following communes:
* Anizy-le-Grand
* Aulnois-sous-Laon
* Bassoles-Aulers
* Besny-et-Loizy
* Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin
* Brancourt-en-Laonnois
* Bucy-lès-Cerny
* Cerny-lès-Bucy
* Cessières-Suzy
* Chaillevois
* Chambry
* Clacy-et-Thierret
* Crépy
* Laniscourt
* Laon (partly)
* Merlieux-et-Fouquerolles
* Molinchart
* Mons-en-Laonnois
* Montbavin
* Pinon
* Prémontré
* Royaucourt-et-Chailvet
* Urcel
* Vaucelles-et-Beffecourt
* Vauxaillon
* Vivaise
* Wissignicourt
# Raffaele De Caterina

Raffaele De Caterina serves as a Cardiology Professor at the University of Pisa in Italy. Additionally, he holds the position of Director in the Cardiology Division at Pisa University Hospital. De Caterina has authored 750 articles that have undergone peer review and are cataloged in PubMed.

## Education

Raffaele De Caterina obtained his medical degree from the University of Pisa, Italy, and proceeded to further his education there, gaining postgraduate qualifications in Pulmonary Medicine, Cardiology, Hematology, and Nuclear Medicine. In 1981, he was also awarded a PhD in Cardiovascular Medicine from the Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna in Pisa.

## Research & career

Thrombosis, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular pharmacology, atrial fibrillation, and the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease are among the key scientific interests of Raffaele De Caterina. He has conducted research on antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants, in their use in cardiovascular therapy.
With more than 40 years of professional experience, Raffaele De Caterina is Professor of Cardiology at the University of Pisa, Italy. Prior to obtaining his current role, he was a Lecturer on Medicine at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School.

## Honors

Raffaele De Caterina is a Fellow of the European Society of Cardiology, the Italian Society of Cardiology and the Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists (ANMCO).

## Selected publications

* Gentile F, Castiglione V, De Caterina R. Coronary Artery Anomalies. Circulation. 2021;144:983–996.
* De Caterina R, Ageno W, Agnelli G, et al.: The Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Heart Disease: Section V-Special Situations. Thromb Haemost 2019; 119: 14-38.
* De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al.: Oral anticoagulants in coronary heart disease (Section IV). Position paper of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis - Task Force on Anticoagulants in Heart Disease. Thromb Haemost 2016; 115: 685-711.
* De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al.: General mechanisms of coagulation and targets of anticoagulants (Section I). Position Paper of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis—Task Force on Anticoagulants in Heart Disease. Thromb Haemost 2013; 109: 569-79.
* De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al.: Vitamin K antagonists in heart disease: current status and perspectives (Section III). Position paper of the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis—Task Force on Anticoagulants in Heart Disease. Thromb Haemost 2013; 110: 1087-107.
* De Caterina R: n–3 Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Disease. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2439-2450.
# Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2016

The Institutions for Occupational Retirement Provision Directive 2016/2341 is a European Union Directive designed to create an internal market for occupational retirement provision. It lays down minimum standards on funding pension schemes, the types of investments pensions may make and permits cross-border management of pension plans.
The original Directive was released in 2003, and was replaced in 2016.

## 2003 Directive contents

The original Directive 2003/41/EC contained articles on the following issues.
* art 2, scope
* art 3, application to social security schemes, covered by Regulations (EEC) No 1408/71 and (EEC) No 574/72, insofar as they run non-compulsory occupational plans
* art 4, member states can apply this to insurance companies that do retirement, which are already covered by Directive 2002/83/EC, in which case they must ring fence their assets.
* art 5, exemption for schemes under 100 members
* art 6, definitions
* art 7, institutions activities should be limited to retirement benefits, not other things
* art 8, there must be legal separation between sponsoring institutions and retirement funds so assets are safeguarded on insolvency
* art 9, conditions of operation are that institutions should be in a national register, run by people with professional qualifications, members sufficiently informed, etc.
* art 10, annual accounts and reports from every institution
* art 11, members and beneficiaries must receive annual accounts and reports on request and changes in rules, levels of benefits, etc.
* art 12, each 3 years every fund should produce a statement of investment policy principles
* art 13, authorities should be able to get information from funds
* art 14, authorities should ensure proper accounting and internal controls in each institution
* art 15, technical provisions, biometric risk…
* art 16, sufficient assets to fund technical provisions
* art 17, extra buffer if a fund insures itself
* art 18, investment rules, including "In the case of a potential conflict of interest, the institution, or the entity which manages its portfolio, shall ensure that the investment is made in the sole interest of members and beneficiaries".
* art 19, no restrictions on overseas investment management by member states
* art 20, cross border activities
* art 21, co-operation between member states and the Commission
* art 22, implementation
* art 23, entry into force
* art 24, addressed to member states

## Revision

On 27 March 2014, the Commission released a proposed text for revising the Directive, and to recast it consolidating the other pension related Directives. In addition to the existing general provisions that would form Title I, a new IORP Directive would include new titles covering (II) quantitative requirements on where money is invested, (III) minimum standards on retirement fund governance and investment outsourcing, (IV) minimum information rights for retirement fund members, and (V) standards for prudential supervision by member state authorities.
# Aulonocara nyassae

Aulonocara nyassae, known as the emperor cichlid, is a species of haplochromine Cichlid that is endemic to Lake Malawi in Africa. It has been recorded from the southeastern arm of the lake and may be present in the southwestern arm. This species was known only from its holotype, which was collected at the turn of the century, until more specimens were collected in the 1990s.

## Sources

* 1 2 Konings, A. (2018). "Aulonocara nyassae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T61069A148845590. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T61069A148845590.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
* ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Aulonocara nyassae". FishBase. June 2018 version.
* ↑ Ad Konings (1995). "A review of the sand-dwelling species of the genus Aulonocara, with the description of three new species". The Cichlids Yearbook. 5: 26–36.
Data related to Aulonocara nyassae at Wikispecies
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