OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Birecik Dam Cemetery

The Birecik Dam Cemetery is an Early Bronze Age cemetery in the Gaziantep region in southeastern Turkey. This cemetery was used extensively for a very short period of time at the beginning of the third millennium BC.

## Location and site description

This three hectare cemetery is located several hundred meters from the Birecik Dam on the Euphrates River and is approximately 25 kilometers north of the ancient site of Carchemish. More than 300 graves were dug into the subsurface clay bed between 3100-2600 BC (Early Bronze IB-II), and despite the large size of this cemetery no attached settlement has been found.

## Summary of Excavation

The Birecik Dam Cemetery was discovered during the building of the Birecik Dam as part of the GAP project, and it was subsequently excavated during two field seasons in 1997 and 1998 by archaeologists associated with the Gaziantep Museum. 312 burials were excavated in a 300 x 200 meter area during this time, though it is thought that many more graves were destroyed by the clay mining prior to the official excavations. The burials that were excavated consisted predominantly of cist graves, though there were also a small number of cooking pot and storage jar burials. The cist burials were oriented NW-SW and most had similar dimensions. Between the graves were a number of shallow depressions and pits that were filled with various materials (such as food remains) that are thought to have been part of the burial ceremony.

## Artifacts

Burials in this cemetery frequently included grave goods. These items consisted of: ceramic vessels, metal objects, frit and talc beads, several examples of terracotta figurines, two cylinder seals made of limestone and carnelian, a flint blade and fifteen painted cups in the Ninevite 5 style of northeastern Syria. Ceramics were by far the most frequently item found in these burials with over 5,000 vessels found between the 312 excavated burials, and an individual tomb could contain up to 150 vessels. Due to damp soil conditions and the leaching of salt through the soil, the human remains were in very poor condition when compared to the ceramic, stone and metal objects
In these burials, numerous similarities have been found with those at the contemporary site of Arslantepe, also in Turkey, to the northeast of Birecik.
   The similarities are not restricted purely to the structure, but also the type of furnishings in which metal objects predominate, especially numerous weapons and spearheads. One striking aspect, which is wholly similar to Arslantepe, is the way in which the metal spearheads are arranged, generally along the northern and southern sides of the tomb, but always along the internal sides of the cist.
# Line 10 (Suzhou Rail Transit)

Line 10 of Suzhou Rail Transit (Chinese: 苏州轨道交通10号线) is a under construction north–south regional rapid transit line in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. The Northern section of Line 10 is 90.34 km in length with 21 stations, including 13 elevated stations and 8 underground stations. The line was formerly known as Suzhou Rail Transit Line S5.
Later sections of the line under planning will continue south through the city center of Suzhou to Wujiang District, Suzhou creating a north-south express regional rapid transit line.
The line is designed for trains to operate up to 160 km/h and have passing loop for Direct Express and Express services to operate.

## Stations

The line has a total of 21 stations spanning across Suzhou, Changshu & Zhangjiagang cities in Jiangsu.
The following are the 3 types of services provided along the line:
* L - Local services
* R - Rapid express services
* D - Direct express services
| L | R | D | Station name | Station name | Connections | Structure | Location |
| L | R | D | English | Chinese | Connections | Structure | Location |
| ● | ● | ● | Jingang | 金港 | | Elevated | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | | | | | Houcheng | 后塍 | | Elevated | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | ● | | | Guotaizhonglu | 国泰中路 | | Underground | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | ● | ● | Yangshe | 杨舍 | | Underground | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | ● | ● | Huachanglu | 华昌路 | | Underground | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | ● | | | Jiangchenglu | 蒋乘路 | | Underground | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | | | | | Luyuan | 鹿苑 | | Elevated | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | ● | | | Zhangjiagang Railway Station | 张家港站 | | Underground | Zhangjiagang |
| ● | | | | | Haiyu | 海虞 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | | | Changshu Railway Station | 常熟站 | SS CAU | Underground | Changshu |
| ● | ● | ● | Changjianglu | 长江路 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | | | Exhibition Center | 会展中心 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | ● | Huaxi | 花溪 | 20 | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | ● | Zhaoshangbeilu | 招商北路 | | Underground | Changshu |
| ● | ● | | | Kunchenghu West | 昆承湖西 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | | | | | Xinzhuang | 辛庄 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | | | Gaotiebeicheng | 高铁北城 | | Elevated | Changshu |
| ● | ● | ● | Zhengzhuhulu | 珍珠湖路 | | Elevated | Xiangcheng District, Suzhou |
| ● | ● | | | Taidonglu | 太东路 | | Elevated | Xiangcheng District, Suzhou |
| ● | ● | ● | International Exhibition Center | 国际会展中心 | | Elevated | Xiangcheng District, Suzhou |
| ● | ● | ● | Suzhou North Railway Station | 高铁苏州北站 | 2  7  JH OHH | Underground | Xiangcheng District, Suzhou |

## History

Construction of the Northern section, known as the Suyuzhang section, started on January 2, 2023. It is expected to open in 2028. The length of this section is 90.34 kilometers.
It runs through Zhangjiagang North Railway Station, Zhangjiagang Coach Station, Zhangjiagang Railway Station, Tangqiao, Fenghuang, Shanghu, to urban Suzhou at Suzhou North Railway Station and connects the Suzhou city to county-level cities of Zhangjiagang and Changshu, which are under the administration of Suzhou.
# Bill Adee

Bill Adee is Chief Operating Officer for Vegas Stats and Information Network (VSiN) after joining the network in March 2017. Adee was formerly executive vice president of digital development and operations for the Chicago Tribune. He joined the news organization as its sports editor in the spring of 2002. He previously worked for the Chicago Sun-Times, Los Angeles Daily News, Akron Beacon Journal of Akron, Ohio, "The Virginian-Pilot" of Norfolk, Virginia, "The Daily Herald' in Arlington Heights, Illinois and the News Sun of Waukegan, Illinois.

## Biography

Adee was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin and grew up in Waukegan, Illinois. He is a graduate of Waukegan East High School and Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism.

## Professional career

Adee earned his first byline at the Waukegan News Sun at age 16, where he covered high school sports. He became sports editor of Chicago Sun-Times in 1993 at age 29. While in the role, Adee was named to the 1999 "40 Under 40" list produced by Crain's Chicago Business with his then-wife, Joycelyn Winnecke.
Adee joined the Chicago Tribune as sports editor in 2002. In 2006, Adee became associate managing editor for innovation and was later promoted to vice president of digital in 2009.
In 2009, Adee created ChicagoNow, a blog network managed by Tribune Media Group.
In 2013, Adee was promoted to executive vice president of digital development and operations.
In 2017, Adee emerged as the COO of the Vegas Stats & Information Network. VSiN is a network which is dedicated to covering sports gambling news, and informing the public on how the sports gaming industry operates. The network broadcasts daily on iHeartRadio, Youtube TV and on the website VSiN.com.
# Bishop's messenger

A bishop's messenger was a woman appointed a lay reader by the Church of England during the First World War due to the shortage of male clergy. Messengers were first appointed in 1917 in many dioceses of the Church of England.
Meanwhile, women were appointed to run missions, and in some cases church congregations. In the absence of men, however, many continued in their work after the war ended.
No further female lay readers were appointed until 1969. The women were organised into the Diocesan Order of Women Messengers (DOWM). The last bishop's messenger in England was Bessie Bangay, who died in 1987.
From 1928, bishop's messengers were also appointed in the Diocese of Rupert's Land. The first one was Marguerita Fowler (1884-1970), based at St. Faith's Church.

## Diocese of St Davids

This Welsh diocese also appointed clergymen to the post of Bishop's Messenger.
# Link-centric preferential attachment

In mathematical modeling of social networks, link-centric preferential attachment is a node's propensity to re-establish links to nodes it has previously been in contact with in time-varying networks. This preferential attachment model relies on nodes keeping memory of previous neighbors up to the current time.

## Background

In real social networks individuals exhibit a tendency to re-connect with past contacts (ex. family, friends, co-workers, etc.) rather than strangers. In 1970, Mark Granovetter examined this behaviour in the social networks of a group of workers and identified tie strength, a characteristic of social ties describing the frequency of contact between two individuals. From this comes the idea of strong and weak ties, where an individual's strong ties are those she has come into frequent contact with. Link-centric preferential attachment aims to explain the mechanism behind strong and weak ties as a stochastic reinforcement process for old ties in agent-based modeling where nodes have long-term memory.

## Examples

In a simple model for this mechanism, a node's propensity to establish a new link can be characterized solely by $n$, the number of contacts it has had in the past. The probability for a node with n social ties to establish a new social tie could then be simply given by
    $P(n)={c \over n+c}\,$
where c is an offset constant. The probability for a node to re-connect with old ties is then
    $1-P(n)={n \over n+c}.$
Figure 1. shows an example of this process: in the first step nodes A and C connect to node B, giving B a total of two social ties. With c = 1, in the next step B has a probability P(2) = 1/(2 + 1) = 1/3 to create a new tie with D, whereas the probability to reconnect with A or C is twice that at 2/3.
More complex models may take into account other variables, such as frequency of contact, contact and intercontact duration, as well as short term memory effects.
Effects on the spreading of contagions / weakness of strong ties
Understanding the evolution of a network's structure and how it can influence dynamical processes has become an important part of modeling the spreading of contagions. In models of social and biological contagion spreading on time-varying networks link-centric preferential attachment can alter the spread of the contagion to the entire population. Compared to the classic rumour spreading process where nodes are memory-less, link-centric preferential attachment can cause not only a slower spread of the contagion but also one less diffuse. In these models an infected node's chances of connecting to new contacts diminishes as their size of their social circle $n$ grows leading to a limiting effect on the growth of n. The result is strong ties with a node's early contacts and consequently the weakening of the diffusion of the contagion.
# Line 1 (Nantong Rail Transit)

Line 1 of the Nantong Rail Transit (Chinese: 南通轨道交通1号线; pinyin: Nántōng Guǐdào Jiāotōng yī hào xiàn) is a rapid transit line in Nantong, Jiangsu, China. It runs from Pingchao station (平潮站) to Zhenxing Lu station (振兴路站). The line is 39.182 kilometres (24.3 mi) in length with 28 underground stations.

## History

Construction began on December 18, 2017. On May 9, 2022, the line started running without passengers. During Sept 23-24 and Nov 5-6, the line started trial-ride activity. The line started operation on November 10, 2022.

## Stations

| Station name | Station name | Connections | Location |
| English | Chinese | Connections | Location |
| Pingchao | 平潮 | | Tongzhou |
| Nantongxi Railway Station | 南通西站 | | Tongzhou |
| Jichengcun | 集成村 | | Chongchuan |
| Hekou | 河口 | | Chongchuan |
| Tangzha Park | 唐闸公园 | | Chongchuan |
| Puxian Lu | 普贤路 | | Chongchuan |
| Shilifang | 十里坊 | | Chongchuan |
| Chenggang Lu | 城港路 | | Chongchuan |
| Shuguang | 曙光 | | Chongchuan |
| Cha'an Dian | 茶庵殿 | | Chongchuan |
| Hai'er Xiang | 孩儿巷 | | Chongchuan |
| Hepingqiao | 和平桥 | 2 | Chongchuan |
| Youyiqiao | 友谊桥 | | Chongchuan |
| Xuetian | 学田 | | Chongchuan |
| Wenfeng | 文峰 | 2 | Chongchuan |
| Charity Museum | 慈善博物馆 | | Chongchuan |
| Government Affairs Center | 政务中心 | | Chongchuan |
| Shiji Dadao | 世纪大道 | | Chongchuan |
| Nantong Library | 图书馆 | | Chongchuan |
| Nantong University | 南通大学 | | Chongchuan |
| Panxiang Lu | 盘香路 | | Chongchuan |
| Chongzhou Dadao | 崇州大道 | | Chongchuan |
| Jinghai Dadao | 静海大道 | | Chongchuan |
| Grand Theatre | 大剧院 | | Chongchuan |
| Zilang Lake | 紫琅湖 | | Chongchuan |
| NETDA Business District | 能达商务区 | | Chongchuan |
| Shipping College | 航运学院 | | Chongchuan |
| Zhenxing Lu | 振兴路 | | Chongchuan |

## Trains

The trains of Nantong Rail Transit Line 1 can run up to 80 km/h, and hold a maximum number of 2132 passengers. Its main colors are white and red.
Among the 35 trains, 6 trains provide OLED smart windows, which provides a wide range of functions, including city information, foods nearby, line information query, train information query.。
# Gerung of Meissen

Gerung (died 20 November 1170) was bishop of Meissen from 1152 to 1170, and previously abbot of Posa or Bosau Abbey.
His time as bishop is particularly remembered for the treaty which he agreed in 1154 with the immigrant Flemish settlers in Kühren. Also during Gerung's time in office Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia, because of border disputes with the Margravate of Meissen, overran the territory of the bishopric and caused much destruction, for which when he became king he compensated the bishop.
In 1160 Gerung took part with other bishops in an Imperial Diet in Erfurt, to discuss the suppression of the revolt in Milan against Emperor Frederick I. In 1163 he sat in judgment with the Emperor on the murderers of Archbishop Arnold of Selenhofen in Mainz, with serious consequences for the city, which suffered the loss of several important rights.
Gerung fell ill during a visit to Petersberg Abbey and died there. His body was transported for burial to Meissen Cathedral.
# Gerundo Lake

Gerundo Lake was a lake between the Province of Bergamo, Province of Milano, Province of Lodi and Province of Cremona, in Lombardy, Italy. The Romans originally built drainage channels through it for agricultural purposes. By the 13th century, nothing remained of the lake but fertile plains. It was approximately 50 by 25 kilometers in size and is now completely drained.

## Legend

Gerundo Lake was rumoured to be home to Tarantasio, a great dragon who ruled the lake.
# Billy Hebert Field

37°59′01″N 121°17′36″W﻿ / ﻿37.983674°N 121.29341°W﻿ / 37.983674; -121.29341
Billy Hebert Field is a stadium in Stockton, California, United States. It is used primarily for baseball and was the home field of the Stockton Ports until they moved to Banner Island Ballpark in 2005. The stadium continues to be used as a venue for high school baseball playoffs. It was also used as a practice facility for the Stockton Lightning minor Arena League football team. The ballpark has a capacity of 6,000 people and opened in 1953. Prior to 1953, the land upon which the field is built was used for baseball since the late 19th century. In 1927, Oak Park Field was constructed. After the field's grandstand was destroyed by fire for a second time, the modern-day grandstand was built in 1953. The field is named for Billy Hebert, the first professional baseball player to die in World War II.
# Getulio Agostini

Getulio Agostini (1943–1990) was a botanist and professor in Venezuela specializing in Myrsinaceae (now included in the Primulaceae).

## Professional

He was secretary of the Venezuelan Association for the Advancement of University Research from 1983 to 1985.
# German submarine U-2507

German submarine U-2507 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 4 June 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, as yard number 2507. She was launched on 14 August 1944, and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Paul Siegmann on 8 September 1944.

## Design

Like all Type XXI U-boats, U-2507 had a displacement of 1,621 tonnes (1,595 long tons) when at the surface and 1,819 tonnes (1,790 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 76.70 m (251 ft 8 in) (o/a), a beam of 8 m (26 ft 3 in), and a draught of 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN SE supercharged six-cylinder M6V40/46KBB diesel engines each providing 4,000 metric horsepower (2,900 kilowatts; 3,900 shaft horsepower), two Siemens-Schuckert GU365/30 double-acting electric motors each providing 5,000 PS (3,700 kW; 4,900 shp), and two Siemens-Schuckert silent running GV232/28 electric motors each providing 226 PS (166 kW; 223 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 15.6 knots (28.9 km/h; 18.0 mph) and a submerged speed of 17.2 knots (31.9 km/h; 19.8 mph). When running on silent motors the boat could operate at a speed of 6.1 knots (11.3 km/h; 7.0 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph) for 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 15,500 nautical miles (28,700 km; 17,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-2507 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in the bow and four 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft guns. She could carry twenty-three torpedoes or seventeen torpedoes and twelve mines. The complement was five officers and fifty-two men.

## Fate

U-2507 was scuttled on 5 May 1945, in Gelting Bay near Gelting as part of Operation Regenbogen. The wreck was later raised and broken up.
# ASC St Georgen

Amateur Sport Club Sankt Georgen or simply St. Georgen is an Italian association football club, based in the fraction St. Georgen of Bruneck, South Tyrol. St. Georgen currently plays in Serie D.

## History

The club was founded in 1968.
In the season 2010–11 the team was promoted from Eccellenza Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol to Serie D.
On 2 May 2018 the club won the Coppa Italia Dilettanti (the first team from Südtirol to do that) and won promotion to Serie D.

## Colors and badge

The team's color are white and red.
# Bamber Lake, New Jersey

Bamber Lake is an unincorporated community located in Lacey Township, New Jersey, United States, west of the Garden State Parkway. The area is protected by the “New Jersey Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan of 1979, which has placed limits on the development in these areas”. The two prominent roads for the area are Lacey Road and Dover Road, which provide the only direct routes to Bamber Lake. The lake has two beachfronts and a man-made dam with a walk across bridge. In addition to the lake, which can be used for fishing, swimming, and non-motorized watercraft, the area provides many recreational facilities including two playgrounds, a soccer field, a tennis court, and a basketball court. The area is also well known for its many trails for hiking and hunting.
Originally named Ferrago Village, Bamber Lake was founded in 1809 by General John Lacey. The area was once called Cedar Crest in the early 20th century.

## Gallery

* Bamber Park sign
* Ferrago Forge sign
* Sunset over Bamber Lake
# Andy Straughn

Andrew McDonald "Andy" Straughn (born 25 December 1959) is a British former boxer who won three consecutive ABA titles, represented the UK at the 1980 Summer Olympics and went on to a professional career which included winning the British cruiserweight title.

## Amateur career

Born in Barbados in 1959, Straughn moved to England with his family when he was 10. He learned to box at the Hitchin Youth Amateur Boxing Club and went on to a successful career as an amateur, which included winning ABA light-heavyweight titles in 1979, 1980, and 1981, and representing the UK at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

## 1980 Olympic results

Below is the record of Andy Straughn, a British light heavyweight boxer who competed at the 1980 Moscow Olympics:
* Round of 16: lost to David Kvachadze (Soviet Union) referee stopped contest

## Professional career

He turned professional in 1982 and won seven of his first eight fights, the other a draw with Ian Lazarus. He travelled to the United States in 1984 where he suffered his first defeats, to Arthel Lawhorne and Tim Bullock. Back in the UK he was unbeaten in his next eight fights, leading to a fight against Tee Jay in October 1986 for the British cruiserweight title vacated by Sammy Reeson. Straughn won narrowly on points to become British champion. His first defence came in February 1987 against Roy Smith, with Smith taking the title on points. Straughn then fought Glenn McCrory in an eliminator for the title, losing after a cut eye forced a stoppage in the tenth round. When McCrory vacated the title, Straughn was again matched with Tee Jay and took a points decision to become British champion for a second time in November 1988. This time his first defence was against Johnny Nelson and again Straughn lost the title, Nelson stopping him in the eighth round in May 1989. In March 1990 Straughn challenged Derek Angol for the Commonwealth cruiserweight title at the Royal Albert Hall; Angol stopped Straughn in the eighth round. This proved to be Straughn's final fight.
# EOQ

EOQ may refer to:
* Economic order quantity (also known as EOQ Model), an economic model for inventory management
* European Organization for Quality, European organization acting for the development and management of quality in its widest sense
# Legacy of Love

Legacy of Love is a live CD/DVD from Christian singer David Phelps. It was released on September 12, 2006 by Word Records.

## Track listing
### DVD

* "Virtuoso" (Intro)
* "Virtuoso" (Hamm, Phelps)
* "Arms Open Wide" (Baloche)
* "How Great Thou Art" (Hine)
* "Already There" (Hamm, Phelps)
* "God Will Take Care of You" (Clark, Fowler, Walls)
* "Just as I Am" (Bradbury, Elliot, Public Domain)
* "Just as I Am" (Morgan, Phelps)
* "My Child Is Coming Home" (Jennings, Penrod, Phelps)
* "With His Love (Sing Holy)" (Cox)
* "Legacy of Love" (Morgan, Phelps)
* "Bring Him Home" (Boublil, Kretzmer, Schönberg)
* "The Star-Spangled Banner" (Key, Phelps, Smith)
* "There Is a River" (Sapp, Sapp)
* "Gentle Savior" (Brick, Matthews, Phelps)
* "Interlude: Behold the Lamb"
* "Behold the Lamb" (Rambo)
* "End of the Beginning" (Phelps)

### CD

* "Virtuoso" (Intro) - 1:39
* "Virtuoso" (Hamm, Phelps) - 5:03
* "How Great Thou Art" (Hine) - 3:29
* "Already There" (Hamm, Phelps) - 5:21
* "God Will Take Care of You" (Clark, Fowler, Walls) - 4:55
* "Just as I Am" (Bradbury, Elliot, Public Domain) - 0:53
* "Just as I Am" (Morgan, Phelps) - 3:52
* "My Child Is Coming Home" (Jennings, Penrod, Phelps) - 3:23
* "With His Love (Sing Holy)" (Cox) - 4:23
* "Legacy of Love" (Morgan, Phelps) - 4:00
* "Bring Him Home" (Boublil, Kretzmer, Schönberg) - 4:13
* "The Star-Spangled Banner" (Key, Phelps, Smith) - 4:22
* "There Is a River" (Sapp, Sapp) - 5:18
* "Gentle Savior" (Brick, Matthews, Phelps) - 4:53
* "End of the Beginning" (Phelps) - 5:48

## Awards

The album received a nomination two Dove Award nominations: Long Form Music Video of the Year and Inspirational Album of the Year, at the 38th GMA Dove Awards.

## Chart performance

The album peaked at #28 on Billboard's Christian Albums and #44 on Heatseekers.
# Jimi language (Nigeria)

Jimi (also known as Bi-Gimu) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Jimi village in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Blench (2006) considers the Zumo (Jum) variety to be a separate language.
# Clav

Clav or clavi may refer to:

## Music

* Clavichord, a stringed keyboard instrument which produces sound by striking brass or iron strings with small metal blades
* Clavinet, an electrically amplified keyboard instrument

## Other uses

* Corn (medicine), specially shaped pieces of dead skin
# C3H6S

The molecular formula C$_3$H$_6$S (molar mass: 74.14 g/mol, exact mass: 74.0190 u) may refer to:
* Allyl mercaptan (AM)
* Thietane
* Thioacetone