OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jason Hooper (rugby union)

Jason Lewis Hooper (born 10 December 1973) is a New Zealand former professional rugby union player.
A prop, Hooper played much of his club rugby at Borders and began in first-class rugby at Wanganui in 1998. He moved on to Taranaki in 1999 and gained a place in the Hurricanes squad for the 2002 Super 12 season. After featuring seven times for the Hurricanes in two seasons, Hooper continued his career in France, where he competed with FC Auch and RC Narbonne. He won a Taranaki championship title with Southern at the age of 39 in 2013.
Hooper was worked as a panel beater outside of rugby.
# Barotse barb

The Barotse barb (Enteromius barotseensis) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius from the southern Congo Basin, Zambezi, Okavango, Cunene and Kafue.

## Footnotes

* Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Enteromius barotseensis". FishBase.
# Liberatum

Liberatum is an international cultural diplomacy organisation, multimedia and cultural content company founded by Pablo Ganguli in 2001. It creates and presents multidisciplinary artistic platforms and promotes contemporary arts, film, media, literature and culture worldwide through its own festivals, films, summits and other programming. Liberatum champions human rights, freedom of expression and women in creativity through its platforms across the world.

## History

Liberatum was founded by Pablo Ganguli in 2001 while he was living in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

## Global programme

Liberatum festivals, shows, content, programmes and summits are hosted in worldwide. They have taken place in Russia, Turkey, Papua New Guinea, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, United Kingdom, France, United States, Brazil, India, Morocco. The festivals encourage new and established artists to perform, discuss and promote their work in front of audiences so that they can debate and interact with their work. The artists are generally from different fields. Liberatum merged the worlds of art, fashion, music, both classical and contemporary encouraging them to collaborate.
Notable figures who have attended and taken part in Liberatum events include Peter Donohoe, Stephen Frears, Sir Norman Rosenthal, Charles Saumarez Smith, Shekhar Kapur, Valery Gergiev, Thomas Ades, Tilda Swinton, Pharrell Williams, Kirsten Dunst, Michael Nyman, Michael Stipe, Philip Treacy, Sir VS Naipaul, Zaha Hadid, Daphne Guinness, Wole Soyinka, Richard Branson, Annie Lennox, Clare Short, Shabana Azmi, Marianne Faithfull, Shashi Tharoor, Courtney Love, Gore Vidal and Goldie Hawn.

## Film

Liberatum and illy made a short film in 2014 called Inspiring Creativity featuring James Franco, Hans Zimmer, Tracey Emin, Joan Smalls about what drives their creativity. They have also made a film with W Hotels about transformation, including the performance artist Dita Von Teese; it was directed by Pablo Ganguli and Tomas Auksas.
Liberatum's other film 'Artistry/Technology' is a documentary on the relationship between creativity and technological advancement. David Hockney and Francis Ford Coppola agreed to be in the film.
Liberatum made a feature-length documentary about the environment and climate change entitled In This Climate featuring Sir David Attenborough, Mark Ruffalo, Noam Chomsky and Cher.

## Style

Liberatum has presented a wide range of cultural diplomacy programmes and festivals around the world including multidisciplinary ventures in Turkey such as "Istancool" and has developed similar ventures in Hong Kong, Marrakech, Moscow and Berlin consisting of merging several artforms and striking performance art elements. The New York Times described Liberatum as a "cultural festival known for its hip quotient."
# List of public art in Tokyo

Public artworks in Tokyo, Japan, include:
| Statue | Coordinates |
| Flame of Freedom | |
| Godzilla head | |
| Growing Gardener | |
| Maman | |
| Ni-Tele Really Big Clock |
| Statue of Hachikō |
| Statue of Inoue Masaru |
| Statue of Kanō Jigorō, Bunkyō | 35°42′28.8″N 139°45′12.6″E﻿ / ﻿35.708000°N 139.753500°E﻿ / 35.708000; 139.753500 |
| Statue of Kanō Jigorō, Shinjuku |
| Statue of Pierre de Coubertin |
| Statue of Shinran |
| Statue of Umashimadenomikoto |
| Statue of Unicorn Gundam |
| Statue of Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu |
| Tokyo Brushstroke I and II |
# C4H10O3

The molecular formula C$_4$H$_{10}$O$_3$ (molar mass: 106.12 g/mol, exact mass: 106.0630 u) may refer to:
* 1,2,4-Butanetriol
* Diethyl ether peroxide
* Diethylene glycol (DEG)
* Trimethyl orthoformate (TMOF)
# Aco District, Concepción

Aco District is one of fifteen districts of the province Concepción in Peru.
# Geocarpy

Geocarpy is "an extremely rare means of plant reproduction", in which plants produce diaspores within the soil. This may occur with subterranean flowers (protogeocarpy), or from aerial flowers, parts of which penetrate the soil after flowering (hysterocarpy). It has evolved as an effective means of ensuring a suitable environment for the plant's offspring.
Geocarpy is also linked with solifluction soils, where rapid thawing and freezing of surface soil causes almost continuous movement. This phenomenon is prevalent in high altitude areas of East Africa. In order to reproduce, geocarpic plants bend their stems so that the fruit can be embedded in the soil during the freezing process while the fruit is still attached to the plant itself.
Geocarpy is most frequent in tropical or semi-desert areas, and geocarpic species may be found in the families Araceae, Begoniaceae, Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), Callitrichaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae (Leguminosae), Loganiaceae, Moraceae and Rubiaceae. The best-known example is the peanut, Arachis hypogaea.
# Yo Tambien

Yo También or Yo Tambien may refer to:
* Yo Tambien (horse) (1889–1896), American Thoroughbred racing filly
* Yo, también, 2009 Spanish drama film
* "Yo También" (song), by Romeo Santos featuring Marc Anthony, 2014
* #YoTambién, Spanish name for the #MeToo movement
# Zero-divisor graph

In mathematics, and more specifically in combinatorial commutative algebra, a zero-divisor graph is an undirected graph representing the zero divisors of a commutative ring. It has elements of the ring as its vertices, and pairs of elements whose product is zero as its edges.

## Definition

There are two variations of the zero-divisor graph commonly used. In the original definition of Beck (1988), the vertices represent all elements of the ring. In a later variant studied by Anderson & Livingston (1999), the vertices represent only the zero divisors of the given ring.

## Examples

If $n$ is a semiprime number (the product of two prime numbers) then the zero-divisor graph of the ring of integers modulo $n$ (with only the zero divisors as its vertices) is either a complete graph or a complete bipartite graph. It is a complete graph $K_{p-1}$ in the case that $n=p^{2}$ for some prime number $p$. In this case the vertices are all the nonzero multiples of $p$, and the product of any two of these numbers is zero modulo $p^{2}$.
It is a complete bipartite graph $K_{p-1,q-1}$ in the case that $n=pq$ for two distinct prime numbers $p$ and $q$. The two sides of the bipartition are the $p-1$ nonzero multiples of $q$ and the $q-1$ nonzero multiples of $p$, respectively. Two numbers (that are not themselves zero modulo $n$) multiply to zero modulo $n$ if and only if one is a multiple of $p$ and the other is a multiple of $q$, so this graph has an edge between each pair of vertices on opposite sides of the bipartition, and no other edges. More generally, the zero-divisor graph is a complete bipartite graph for any ring that is a product of two integral domains.
The only cycle graphs that can be realized as zero-product graphs (with zero divisors as vertices) are the cycles of length 3 or 4. The only trees that may be realized as zero-divisor graphs are the stars (complete bipartite graphs that are trees) and the five-vertex tree formed as the zero-divisor graph of $\mathbb {Z} _{2}\times \mathbb {Z} _{4}$.

## Properties

In the version of the graph that includes all elements, 0 is a universal vertex, and the zero divisors can be identified as the vertices that have a neighbor other than 0. Because it has a universal vertex, the graph of all ring elements is always connected and has diameter at most two. The graph of all zero divisors is non-empty for every ring that is not an integral domain. It remains connected, has diameter at most three, and (if it contains a cycle) has girth at most four.
The zero-divisor graph of a ring that is not an integral domain is finite if and only if the ring is finite. More concretely, if the graph has maximum degree $d$, the ring has at most $(d^{2}-2d+2)^{2}$ elements. If the ring and the graph are infinite, every edge has an endpoint with infinitely many neighbors.
Beck (1988) conjectured that (like the perfect graphs) zero-divisor graphs always have equal clique number and chromatic number. However, this is not true; a counterexample was discovered by Anderson & Naseer (1993).
# CLAS (education)

CLAS was a test and a standards-based assessment based on Outcomes Based Education principles given in California in the early 1990s. It was based on concepts of new standards such as whole language and reform mathematics. Instead of multiple choice tests with one correct answer, it used open written responses that were graded according to rubrics. Test takers would have to write about passages of literature that they were asked to read and relate the passage to their own experiences, or to explain how they found solutions to math problems that they were asked to solve. Such tests were thought to be fairer to students of all abilities.
The system debuted in 1993, when about 1 million students in fourth, eighth, and tenth grade took the exams, although only some of them were graded to save money. According to the Los Angeles Times, the system was originally nationally praised as an example of "'performance based' testing".
Failure rates among all groups, particularly minorities, was so high that it generated concern. It was terminated in 1995 by the governor after two years.
Minorities scored even lower than on standardized tests, huge numbers scored in the lowest categories, as open response questions with more than one answer proved to be even more difficult than multiple choice problems.
In September 1994, Pete Wilson vetoed a bill, introduced by Gary Hart, that would have continued CLAS for another five years and provided $24M in funding, and called on the California state legislature to enact another statewide testing program. According to Maureen DiMarco, Wilson vetoed this bill because it did not provide achievement scores for individual students, even though Wilson supported the CLAS exams overall.
Educators complained about mismanagement and problems with scoring the CLAS exams. Additionally, religious conservatives described some of the literary passages on the CLAS exams as being "anti-family" or "an invasion of students’ privacy". According to Debra Saunders, CLAS graders were told to give higher scores to students who answered a math problem about planting trees incorrectly but who wrote enthusiastic essays than to students who answered this problem correctly without writing an essay.
Maureen DiMarco testified to the California State Legislature in charge of the [CLAS] that no graders were allowed to give a "4" top score in mathematics in the first year. It was based on open responses scored holistically, so that the correct answer to how to share 5 apples among 4 people might be to give the 5th to a food bank.
It was replaced by STAR, which is a testing system based on traditional rigorous academic standards which largely discards the theory of outcome-based education which was widely rejected by the late 1990s in the United States.
# Barotropic fluid

In fluid dynamics, a barotropic fluid is a fluid whose density is a function of pressure only. The barotropic fluid is a useful model of fluid behavior in a wide variety of scientific fields, from meteorology to astrophysics.
The density of most liquids is nearly constant (isopycnic), so it can be stated that their densities vary only weakly with pressure and temperature. Water, which varies only a few percent with temperature and salinity, may be approximated as barotropic. In general, air is not barotropic, as it is a function of temperature and pressure; but, under certain circumstances, the barotropic assumption can be useful.
In astrophysics, barotropic fluids are important in the study of stellar interiors or of the interstellar medium. One common class of barotropic model used in astrophysics is a polytropic fluid. Typically, the barotropic assumption is not very realistic.
In meteorology, a barotropic atmosphere is one that for which the density of the air depends only on pressure, as a result isobaric surfaces (constant-pressure surfaces) are also constant-density surfaces. Such isobaric surfaces will also be isothermal surfaces, hence (from the thermal wind equation) the geostrophic wind will not vary with depth. Hence, the motions of a rotating barotropic air mass is strongly constrained. The tropics are more nearly barotropic than mid-latitudes because temperature is more nearly horizontally uniform in the tropics.
A barotropic flow is a generalization of a barotropic atmosphere. It is a flow in which the pressure is a function of the density only and vice versa. In other words, it is a flow in which isobaric surfaces are isopycnic surfaces and vice versa. One may have a barotropic flow of a non-barotropic fluid, but a barotropic fluid will always follow a barotropic flow. Examples include barotropic layers of the oceans, an isothermal ideal gas or an isentropic ideal gas.
A fluid which is not barotropic is baroclinic, i. e., pressure is not the only factor to determine density. For a barotropic fluid or a barotropic flow (such as a barotropic atmosphere), the baroclinic vector is zero.
# Liberators (video game)

Liberators is a freemium World War II strategy game created from Hong Kong game developing company Mutantbox. The game was released on the Mutantbox website and on Facebook in January 2016, and now has over 300 servers across Europe and the US West and US East.

## Gameplay

Liberators is played by recruiting different commanders and deploying their squads in formations against enemies. These formations are automatically controlled, so the player's role is to make sure that they've deployed the best Commanders in their army. Based on World War II, Liberators features key historical commanders such as Eisenhower, Churchill, and Patton who can be recruited into your army, along with dozens more. Through gaining EXP and getting the best equipment, players level up their commanders and stay competitive in both the game's main storyline and various different PVP style matches.

## Recognition

In 2016, Facebook listed Liberators as one of Facebook's 2016 Best Web Games.
# List of public art in Victoria, British Columbia
## Works

| Image | Title / subject | Date | Artist / designer | Type | Material |
| | 100th Anniversary of the Canadian Navy | 2010 (2010) | Nathan Scott | sculpture | |
| More images | British Columbia Law Enforcement Memorial | | | sculpture | |
| More images | British Columbia Legislature Cenotaph | 1925 (1925) | Vernon and Sidney March | sculpture | Bronze |
| More images | Fallen Paramedics Memorial | 2015 (2015) | | sculpture | |
| More images | Front Fountain | 1906 (1906) | Hooper & Watkins | fountain, sculpture | |
| More images | Gate of Harmonious Interest | 1981 (1981) | | | |
| More images | Knowledge Totem Pole | 1994 (1994) | Cicero August | sculpture | |
| More images | Statue of John Sebastian Helmcken | 2011 (2011) | Armando Barbon | sculpture | |
| More images | Statue of Queen Victoria | | Richard McBride | sculpture | |
| More images | Victoria Centennial Fountain | 1962 (1962) | Robert Savery | fountain, sculpture | |
# Halberton Hundred

The hundred of Halberton was the name of a small district, one of thirty two ancient administrative units of Devon, England.
The parishes in the hundred were:
* Burlescombe (part)
* Halberton
* Sampford Peverell
* Uplowman (part)
* Willand
# Clivina sacra

Clivina sacra is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Jules Putzeys in 1875.
# Lesná (Třebíč District)

Lesná is a municipality and village in Třebíč District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 90 inhabitants.
Lesná lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Třebíč, 26 km (16 mi) south of Jihlava, and 137 km (85 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Jaipur–Kishangarh Expressway

Jaipur-Kishangarh Expressway is a 90-kilometre-long (56 mi) access controlled toll expressway connecting Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan, to Kishangarh. The expressway forms a segment of NH 48, which is a part of the Golden Quadrilateral project, which itself is a part of the National Highway Development Project (NHDP). The six-lane expressway was inaugurated in April 2005. Construction work was handled by GVK Jaipur Expressway Private Limited (GJEPL) under the build-operate-transfer model. Built at a cost of 7.29 billion INR, the expressway was the first Indian road built under the public-private partnership model.
# Diego Ladrón de Guevara

Doctor Diego Ladrón de Guevara Orozco Calderón (1641 in Cifuentes, Spain – September 9, 1718) was a Roman Catholic bishop and Spanish colonial administrator. From August 30, 1710, to March 2, 1716, he was viceroy of Peru.

## Before his term as viceroy

He studied theology at the University of Alcalá de Henares, where he was later professor of law. He also taught at the University of Sigüenza.
In 1689 he was appointed bishop of Panama and consecrated by Miguel Antonio de Benavides y Piedrola, Bishop of Cartagena. then in the Viceroyalty of Peru. That year he was jailed by order of Governor and Captain General José de Guzmán y Ávalos, with whom he had personal differences. In 1695 he added the additional responsibility of president of the Audiencia of Panama.
He served in Panama until 1699, when he was named bishop of Ayacucho (or Huamanga) in what is still Peru. He opened the University of San Cristóbal de Huamanga (founded in 1677) there, and was its first rector. This university was opposed by the older University of San Marcos. In 1703 he was appointed bishop of Quito (also in the Viceroyalty of Peru), where he served until his resignation in 1710 to take up the position of viceroy.

## His administration

He replaced Miguel Núñez de Sanabria, president of the Audiencia of Lima, who had been serving as viceroy in an interim capacity. Ladrón de Guevara had been named in the sealed instructions brought by the previous viceroy, Manuel de Oms y de Santa Pau as the successor in the event of Oms's death.
As viceroy, he increased the production of silver in the mines of Potosí, and stimulated production in other mines at San Nicolás, Cajatambo and Huancavelica. He limited the manufacture of aguardiente from sugar cane to authorized factories, which he taxed heavily. He had to take measures against the threat of privateers, in spite of the signing of the Peace of Utrecht in 1713, and against an uprising of slaves at the hacienda of Huachipa de Lima.
He approved the reconstruction of the cathedral of Lima, and the construction of some other churches, including La Buena Muerte and the convent of Mínimos de San Francisco de Paula. He established a chair of anatomy at the University of San Marcos. The Peace of Utrecht allowed the British to send ships and merchandise to the fair at Portobello.

## After his term as viceroy

He was denounced in the royal courts for embezzlement, and removed from office in 1716. He was replaced on an interim basis by Mateo de la Mata Ponce de León, president of the Audiencia of Lima. Ladrón de Guevara went to New Spain. Before his death there, he arranged that the remains of his relative, Diego Landa Calderón, former bishop of Yucatán, be returned to Spain. He died on September 9, 1718, in Mexico City and was buried in the cathedral there.
# Hal Erickson (author)

Harold "Hal" Erickson (born 1950) is an American media historian who was a senior editor at AllRovi for 15 years starting in 1994 when it was known as "All Movies".

## Biography

He received a bachelor's degree in acting and directing from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee and a master's degree in theater history at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has also written several books relating to the history of movies and television as well as many media articles for Encyclopædia Britannica. He lives in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

## Books

* Any Resemblance to Actual Persons : the Real People Behind 400+ Fictional Movie Characters. McFarland & Co. 2017. ISBN 9781476629308. OCLC 1041034425.
* Television Cartoon Shows : an Illustrated Encyclopedia, 1949 through 2003 (2 ed.). McFarland & Co. 2016. ISBN 9781476665993. OCLC 995238613. Two volumes.
* Military Comedy Films: a Critical Survey and Filmography of Hollywood Releases since 1918, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. Publishers, 2012, ISBN 978-0-7864-6290-2
* The Baseball Filmography, 1915 through 2001, Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland, 2002, ISBN 0-7864-1272-0
* Encyclopedia of Television Law Shows: Factual and Fictional Series About Judges, Lawyers and the Courtroom, 1948-2008, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2009, ISBN 0-7864-3828-2
* "From Beautiful Downtown Burbank": a Critical History of Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In, 1968-1973, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co., 2009, ISBN 0-7864-4049-X
* Sid and Marty Krofft: a Critical Study of Saturday Morning Children’s Television, 1969-1993, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2007, ISBN 0-7864-3093-1
* Religious Radio and Television in the United States, 1921-1991: the Programs and Personalities, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1992, ISBN 0-89950-658-5
* Baseball in the Movies: a Comprehensive Reference, 1915-1991, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1992, ISBN 0-89950-657-7
* Syndicated Television: the First Forty Years, 1947-1987, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1989, ISBN 0-89950-410-8
# Carotid agenesis

Carotid agenesis is a vascular anomaly in which the carotid artery, normally present in the neck, does not develop during embryogenesis. The common carotid artery splits into the external carotid artery and internal carotid artery, with the internal carotid artery supplying blood flow to areas of the brain. Carotid agenesis can involve either the right carotid artery, left carotid artery, or both. Fewer than 1,000 people in the U.S. have been diagnosed with this disease and it is often found incidentally on imaging.

## Symptoms and diagnosis

Patients can be asymptomatic, but symptoms include neurological symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, muscle weakness, or paralysis of cranial nerves. Those with carotid agenesis are also at an increased risk of aneurysms. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging studies such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or computed tomography angiography (CTA). These tests can visualize the absence of the carotid artery and the compensatory blood flow through other vessels. An important distinction seen on imaging between carotid agenesis and carotid hypoplasia is the complete absence of the carotid canal in carotid agenesis. Additional imaging studies may be necessary to evaluate the extent of the anomaly and the presence of any other associated abnormalities.

## Treatment

Currently, there are no specific treatment options for carotid agenesis. This is primarily because carotid agenesis may be an incidental finding in a patient that is asymptomatic due to collateral blood flow that develops through the vertebrobasilar system. Treatment is therefore focused on managing the neurological symptoms of the disease, including medications to treat blood pressure, cholesterol, or blood thinners to prevent the formation of blood clots. Additionally, treatment can address improving flow through collateral pathways through vascular reconstruction surgery or stenting.
# Lesobeng Airport

Lesobeng Airport (IATA: LES, ICAO: FXLS) is an airstrip serving the community of Lesobeng, in the Thaba-Tseka District of Lesotho.
The runway sits atop a ridge with steep drops at either end.