# List of United States senators in the 10th Congress

This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 10th United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1807, to March 3, 1809.
Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator's first term. Behind this is former service as a senator (only giving the senator seniority within his or her new incoming class), service as vice president, a House member, a cabinet secretary, or a governor of a state. The final factor is the population of the senator's state.
The two main parties at this point were the Federalists (F), and Democratic Republicans (DR)

## Terms of service

| Class | Terms of service of senators that expired in years |
| Class 1 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1809 (CT, DE, MA, MD, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, TN, VA, and VT.) |
| Class 2 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1811 (DE, GA, KY, MA, NC, NH, NJ, RI, SC, and VA.) |
| Class 3 | Terms of service of senators that expired in 1813 (CT, GA, KY, MD, NC, NH, NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, and VT.) |

## U.S. Senate seniority list

U.S. Senate seniority :
| Rank | Senator (party-state) | Seniority date | Other factors |
| 1 | Uriah Tracy (F-CT) | October 13, 1796 | |
| 2 | James Hillhouse (F-CT) | December 6, 1796 |
| 3 | Joseph Inslee Anderson (DR-TN) | September 26, 1797 |
| 4 | Abraham Baldwin (DR-GA) | March 4, 1799 |
| 5 | Samuel White (F-DE) | February 28, 1801 |
| 6 | Stephen Row Bradley (DR-VT) | October 15, 1801 |
| 7 | Thomas Sumter (DR-SC) | December 16, 1801 |
| 8 | Samuel Smith (DR-MD) | March 4, 1803 | Former representative (10 years) |
| 9 | Israel Smith (DR-VT) | March 4, 1803 | Former representative (8 years) |
| 10 | Samuel Maclay (DR-PA) | March 4, 1803 | Former representative (2 years) |
| 11 | Timothy Pickering (F-MA) | March 4, 1803 | Former cabinet member |
| 12 | John Quincy Adams (F-MA) | March 4, 1803 |
| 13 | John Smith (DR-OH) | April 1, 1803 |
| 14 | John Condit (DR-NJ) | September 1, 1803 |
| 15 | John Smith (DR-NY) | February 23, 1804 |
| 16 | William Branch Giles (DR-VA) | August 11, 1804 | Former representative (9 years, 10 months) |
| 17 | Andrew Moore (DR-VA) | August 11, 1804 | Former representative (9 years, 6 months) |
| 18 | Benjamin Howland (DR-RI) | October 29, 1804 |
| 19 | James Asheton Bayard, Sr. (F-DE) | November 13, 1804 |
| 20 | Samuel Latham Mitchill (DR-NY) | November 23, 1804 |
| 21 | John Gaillard (DR-SC) | December 6, 1804 |
| 22 | Daniel Smith (DR-TN) | March 4, 1805 | Former senator |
| 23 | Nicholas Gilman (DR-NH) | March 4, 1805 | Former representative (8 years) |
| 24 | Aaron Kitchell (DR-NJ) | March 4, 1805 | Former representative (6 years) |
| 25 | James Turner (DR-NC) | March 4, 1805 | Former governor |
| 26 | Buckner Thruston (DR-KY) | March 4, 1805 | Kentucky 9th in population (1800) |
| 27 | James Fenner (DR-RI) | March 4, 1805 | Rhode Island 15th in population (1800) |
| 28 | John Milledge (DR-GA) | June 19, 1806 |
| 29 | Philip Reed (DR-KY) | November 25, 1806 |
| 30 | Jesse Franklin (DR-NC) | March 4, 1807 | Former senator |
| 31 | Andrew Gregg (DR-PA) | March 4, 1807 | Former representative |
| 32 | Edward Tiffin (DR-OH) | March 4, 1807 | Former governor |
| 33 | John Pope (DR-KY) | March 4, 1807 | Kentucky 9th in population (1800) |
| 34 | Nahum Parker (DR-NH) | March 4, 1807 | New Hampshire 11th in population (1800) |
| 35 | George Jones (DR-GA) | August 27, 1807 |
| 36 | Jonathan Robinson (DR-VT) | October 10, 1807 |
| 37 | Chauncey Goodrich (F-CT) | October 25, 1807 |
| 38 | Elisha Mathewson (DR-RI) | October 26, 1807 |
| 39 | William Harris Crawford (DR-GA) | November 7, 1807 |
| 40 | James Lloyd (F-MA) | June 9, 1808 |
| 41 | Return Jonathan Meigs Jr. (DR-OH) | December 12, 1808 |
| 42 | Michael Leib (DR-PA) | January 9, 1809 |