OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shames Mountain Ski Area

|caption = Shames Mountain alpine backcountry terrain. Note: chairlift summit accesses backcountry near treeline.
Shames Mountain Ski Area is a ski resort located 35 km (22 mi) west of the city of Terrace, British Columbia, Canada. The area's vertical drop is 488 m (1600') with a summit elevation of 1189 m (3900'), with one surface lift and one double chair. Annual snowfall at the summit is 1200 cm (475 inches).
Shames Mountain, the ‘little ski area that rocks’, tucked away near Terrace and Prince Rupert, BC, was put up for sale in 2008. In an effort to rally a large group of shareholders (aka skiers) to purchase, own and operate Shames Mountain, members of the international ski community Jamie Schectman and Shanie Matthews formed the Shames Mountain Co-op in 2009.
Another group called Friends of Shames, composed of local skiers and winter sports enthusiasts, also began to hold town hall meetings in the fall of 2009 in order to get a sense of what the surrounding communities wanted from their ski hill. They opened lines of communication with the former owners of Shames and held meetings with lawyers and consultants specializing in alternative business models. Through these consultations, the best model for Shames' future success was determined to be a non-profit co-operative. In 2010, Friends of Shames applied for and were awarded grant monies for feasibility studies and the development of a business plan. With these in hand, Friends of Shames officially launched the drive to create My Mountain Co-op in February 2011. Individuals, local businesses and corporations bought memberships and worked together to raise awareness within the region about the general benefits of running the ski area as a community service co-op (as opposed to having it close down for lack of a private buyer). Through fundraising efforts, membership shares, and corporate donations, MMC was able to enter a purchase agreement with the former owners - Shames Mountain Ski Corporation (SMSC), and began operating Shames for the first time for the 2011–2012 season. Late in 2012, tenure of the ski area was officially transferred from the provincial government to MMC, removing the last condition of the purchase agreement with SMSC. As of January 2013 MMC (and its membership) achieved the remarkable milestone of owning the Shames Mountain Ski Area.
# Laguna Salada

Laguna Salada (Spanish pronunciation:, Salt Lake) is a municipality (municipio) of the Valverde province in the Dominican Republic. Within the municipality there are three municipal districts (distritos municipal): Cruce de Guayacanes, Jaibón and La Caya.

## Geography

Laguna Salada borders the Septentrional mountain range to the north (which separates it from Puerto Plata), the Yaque del Norte River to the south (which separates it from Mao), the Maizal and Boca de Mao municipal districts to the east (which separate it from Esperanza) and Guayubín to the west (which separates it from the Monte Cristi province).

## Economy

Agriculture is the main economic activity in Laguna Salada, since its terrains are fit for growing a variety of crops such as rice, banana, cassava, peppers, onions, sweet potato, coffee, cacao, among others. Tobacco and sorghum are also cultivated.
The most important crop have been the banana; banana is harvest and exported to Europe and United States of America since 2005.
Other economic activities include cattle ranches, industry and commerce. There are various dairy product industries in the municipality, as well a coffee factory, bakeries, carpentry shops, cement block factories, gas stations, repair shops, hardware stores, warehouses, among others.
The municipality's economically active population (PEA) consists of 7,096 people, out of which 4,832 (or 68%) are currently employed. Of those that are employed, 270 (or 6%) work as public servants.

## Notable residents

Birthplace of Major League Baseball player Wily Modesto ("Wily Mo") Peña.
Birthplace of one of the most important Politician in Dominican Republic José Francisco Peña Gómez deceased in 1998.
# Richtolsheim

Richtolsheim (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.
# Heinrich Pursuit

The Heinrich Pursuit (Victor Scout) was an American fighter prototype of the 1910s. It was the only known aircraft designed by Albert S. Heinrich.

## Development

During the 19 months in which the US participated in World War I, several attempts were made to design competent single-seat fighters of original design. Among these was the Heinrich Pursuit, conceived in 1917 by Albert Heinrich and built by the Victor Aircraft Corporation. Aerodynamically clean, the Pursuit was a single-bay, unequal-span biplane, powered by a 100 hp Gnome engine.

## Operational history

Two examples were ordered by the US Army Signal Corps. The first was delivered in November 1917, and underwent field testing at McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio. However, at the time US Air Force policy was to forego fighters of national design in favour of more tested foreign types. Nevertheless, the Pursuit was considered to have potential as a fighter trainer, and two more aircraft were ordered. These were powered by a more reliable 80 hp Le Rhône engine, and had a strengthened cabane and paired struts. The gross weight was reduced by 77 kg. These aircraft, called the Pursuit Mk II were delivered in early 1918 but no further development followed.

## Variants

* Mk I - fighter version (2 built)
* Mk II - lighter, faster fighter trainer version (2 built)

## Units using this aircraft
### United States

* US Army Signals Corps

## Specifications (Pursuit Mk I)

General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Wingspan: 26 ft 0 in (7.92 m)
* Wing area: 162.5 sq ft (15.09 m$^2$)
* Gross weight: 1,235 lb (560 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Gnome Monosoupape 9 Type B-2 nine-cylinder rotary engine , 100 hp (75 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 115 mph (185 km/h, 100 kn)
# Sasso di Bosconero

Sasso di Bosconero (Italian pronunciation:) (2,468 m) is the highest mountain of the Bosconero Range, a subgroup of the southern Dolomites in Veneto, Italy. It appears as a giant pyramid that hangs over the Zoldo Valley, near the town of Longarone. It was first climbed in 1878 by Cesare Tomè and Gottfried Merzbacher along with local guide Santo Siorpaes.
# Kızıllı, Dinar

Kızıllı is a village in the Dinar District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 167 (2021).
# Karamadai Block

Karamadai block is a revenue block of Coimbatore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. This revenue block consist of 17 panchayat villages.

## List of Panchayat Villages

They are,
| SI.No | Panchayat Village |
| 1 | Bellathi |
| 2 | Bellepalayam |
| 3 | Chikkadasampalayam |
| 4 | Chikkarampalayam |
| 5 | Chinnakallipatti |
| 6 | Illuppanatham |
| 7 | Irumborai |
| 8 | Jadayampalayam |
| 9 | Kalampalayam |
| 10 | Kemmarampalayam |
| 11 | Marudur |
| 12 | Mooduthurai |
| 13 | Nellithurai |
| 14 | Odanthurai |
| 15 | Thekkampatti |
| 16 | Tholampalayam |
| 17 | Velliangadu |
# Gunsynd Classic

The Gunsynd Classic is a Brisbane Racing Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old, at set weights, over a distance of 1,600 metres, at Eagle Farm Racecourse, Brisbane, Australia during the Queensland Winter Racing Carnival. Total prizemoney is A$200,000.

## History

The race is named in honour of Gunsynd, the champion miler of the early 1970s known as the Goondiwindi Grey.

### Name

* 1989–2009 – Doomben Classic
* 2010 onwards - Gunsynd Classic

### Grade

* Before 1996 - Listed race
* 1997 onwards - Group 3

### Distance

* 1989–1999 – 1615 metres
* 2000 – 1640 metres
* 2001–2009 – 1615 metres
* 2010–2014 – 1600 metres
* 2015 – 1800 metres
* 2016 – 1630 metres
* 2017 – 1600 metres
* 2018 – 1630 metres
* 2019 – 1600 metres
* 2020 – 1800 metres
* 2021 – 1600 metres

### Venue

* 1997–2013 - Doomben Racecourse
* 2014 - Eagle Farm Racecourse
* 2015 - Gold Coast Racecourse
* 2016 - Doomben Racecourse
* 2017 - Eagle Farm Racecourse
* 2018 - Doomben Racecourse
* 2019 onwards - Eagle Farm Racecourse

## Winners

* 2023 - Rediener
* 2022 - Kiss Sum
* 2021 - Ayrton
* 2020 - Supergiant
* 2019 - Gem Song
* 2018 - Villermont
* 2017 - Dreams Aplenty
* 2016 - Cylinder Beach
* 2015 - Worthy Cause
* 2014 - Hopfgarten
* 2013 - Proverb
* 2012 - Meeting abandoned
* 2011 - Chateau Fort
* 2010 - Sanderson
* 2009 - Za Magic
* 2008 - Pepperwood
* 2007 - Reigning To Win
* 2006 - Belmonte
* 2005 - Saxon
* 2004 - Drunken Joker
* 2003 - Bobs Boy
* 2002 - Galroof
* 2001 - Arrabeea
* 2000 - Akhenaton
* 1999 - Tobruk
* 1998 - Enforced
* 1997 - Marble Halls
* 1996 - Kidmans Cove
* 1995 - Matsqui
* 1994 - What A Poet
* 1993 - Slanchyvah
* 1992 - Pagos King
* 1991 - Brunchtime
* 1990 - Stylish Century
* 1989 - Swain
# Extra virgin

Extra virgin may refer to:

## Entertainment

* Extra Virgin, TV cooking series for Cooking Channel with Debi Mazar
* Extra Virgin, Off West End Theatre Award nomination Freddie Hogan
* Extra Virgin, Thai distributor of Enemies of the People (film)
* Extra Virgin (album), a 1996 album by Olive
* Extra Virgin (band), Rogers Stevens
* Extra Virgin Orchestra, Helen Bowater
# Leptodactylodon wildi

Leptodactylodon wildi is a species of frogs in the family Arthroleptidae.
It is endemic to Cameroon. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and freshwater springs. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Laguna Redonda Airport

Laguna Redonda Airport (ICAO: SCIO) is an airstrip 55 kilometres (34 mi) south-southwest of Candelario Mancilla, in the O'Higgins commune, Aisén del General Carlos Ibañez del Campo Region of Chile. It is connected by the Route X-915. There's also an old Carabinero's building nearby.
The runway is in a canyon off the main channel of Lake O'Higgins, near the international pass "Paso Dos Lagunas" in the border with Argentina. There is mountainous terrain in all quadrants and limited room to maneuver within the canyon.
# Richard Norberg

Richard "Dick" E. Norberg was a professor of physics at Washington University in St. Louis. His research focused on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

## Biography

Norberg grew up in Evanston, Illinois, studied at DePauw University, and earned his bachelor's degree in absentia in 1943 while serving in the United States Air Force in World War II. After returning in 1946, he received his master's and doctoral degrees in physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1947 and 1951, respectively, as the first Ph.D. student of Charles Slichter. He joined the physics department at Washington University in St. Louis in 1954 to work for George Pake. He was quickly hired as a professor, and served as department chair from 1962–1991. He retired in 1993 from teaching and worked part-time until 2003. Over the course of his career he advised 47 Ph.D. students. He made many contributions to NMR.
He was married and had three children.

## Awards

* Fellow, American Physical Society, 1957
* Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1955-1957
* ISMAR Prize from International Society of Magnetic Resonance, 2004
# Heinrich Rantzau

Heinrich Rantzau or Ranzow (Ranzovius) (11 March 1526 – 31 December 1598) was a German humanist writer and statesman, a prolific astrologer and an associate of Tycho Brahe. He was son of Johan Rantzau. He was Governor of the Danish royal share in the Duchy of Holstein, a rich man and celebrated book collector. Rantzau is perhaps best remembered as a patron of scholars. His own Tractatus astrologicus de genethliacorum thematum appeared in 1597, and went through five editions by 1615. In his own time, he was regarded as a generous supporter of artists and writers in Lübeck, many of whom he engaged to write memorials of his father. Rantzau was also a successful merchant with trading interests in the east-west trade through Husum and Lübeck.
Rantzau was awarded the Danish Order of the Elephant in 1580 by King Frederick II of Denmark.
His oldest son Breide Rantzau was a councillor of the Danish realm, and a younger son, Gert Rantzau, was Captain of the castles of Kronborg and Flensburg.
He was the great-uncle of Josias von Rantzau, Marshal of France.
# Sassoleone

Sassoleone is a hilltop village in the Apennine Mountains of north-central Italy,(about 440 meters above sea-level). The village belongs to the municipality of Casalfiumanese, about 40 kilometers south-east of the metropolitan city of Bologna, in the region of Emilia-Romagna.

## History

The area was first mentioned in church documents in AD 1127. The local Catholic church, (St. Prosepero) was built during this time. The land was owned by various noble families through the centuries, (the Bolognese, the Alidosi and the Florentines). By the late 14th Century the land fell into direct control of the Holy See.
During the Second World War, Sassoleone was part of the German "Gothic Line". During a reprisal operation, twenty-four villagers were seized by soldiers and shot in front of the old church. The church and its bell tower were then blown up.
The Allies would free the village in March 1945, just before the April Spring Offensive to take Bologna.
After the war, the church was rebuilt. In front of the new church and bell tower there is a stone memorial commemorating the event. The road that leads to the church, previously called "via Castello", has been renamed "via Martiri della Rappresaglia".

## April Festival

Every first Sunday of April, Sassoleone holds a pole-climbing contest in the village square for both adults and children. Another tradition is the throwing of sweets or biscuits out the windows of buildings for children. (Sagra della cuccagna).

## Economy

Sassoleone consists mainly of farmers and small businesses. The village has recently become popular for its Agri-Tourism where vacationers can stay at nearby farms during their holidays.
# Kane (comics)

Kane is a comic book series created, written and drawn by Paul Grist and self-published through Dancing Elephant Press. Grist put out 31 issues of Kane from 1993 to 2001.

## Overview

Kane concerns a police detective who works in the 39th precinct of the fictional American city of New Eden, which seems to be located on the West Coast. Despite being a UK citizen, Grist appears to have modeled New Eden and its police force in the style of American cop shows such as Hill Street Blues and NYPD Blue. Another clear influence is the work of Frank Miller, particularly his Sin City comics. Cerebus was another formative influence, particularly because it proved to Grist that self-published comics were a viable proposition; the first issue of Cerebus that Grist read was #39, hence the designation of Kane's precinct.
Kane has a difficult relationship with his co-workers due to a violent encounter with his former partner, which unfolds gradually and in flashback during the series. Police corruption is a recurring theme. Kane is also densely intertextual and brims with references to popular culture, particularly characters from British television, comics, and films.
Since the end of 2001 Grist has concentrated on his superhero character Jack Staff, although he has announced plans to continue Kane as a series of original graphic novels.

## Reception

Kane won the 1998 National Comics Award for Best Self-Published/Independent comic.

## Collections

Kane has been collected in the following trade paperbacks from Image Comics:
| Title | Material collected | ISBN |
| Kane vol. 1: Greetings from New Eden | Kane #1–4 | ISBN 1-58240-340-6 |
| Kane vol. 2: Rabbit Hunt | Kane #5–8 | ISBN 1-58240-355-4 |
| Kane vol. 3: Histories | Kane #9–12 | ISBN 1-58240-382-1 |
| Kane vol. 4: Thirty Ninth | Kane #13–18 | ISBN 1-58240-422-4 |
| Kane vol. 5: The Untouchable Ric Costas and Other Short Stories | Kane #19–25 and others | ISBN 1-58240-551-4 |
| Kane vol. 6: Partners | Kane #24–29, 31 | ISBN 1-58240-704-5 |
# Reduction fishery

Reduction fisheries are fisheries that "reduce," or process their catch, into fishmeal and fish oil. They rely largely on small and medium-sized pelagic species; that is, fish found in the upper layers of the open sea, such as menhaden, anchovies, and sardines.
# External support

In cardiac surgery and vascular surgery, external support (or external stent) is a type of scaffold made of metal or plastic material that is inserted over the outside of the vein graft in order to decrease the intermediate and late vein graft failure after bypass surgery (e.g. CABG).
An external support (external stent) should be differentiated from a stent. An external support is placed on the outside of the vessel whereas a stent is inserted into the lumen of a vessel.

## Background

Veins are adapted to an environment of low pressure and low flow. In order to bypass the coronary obstruction and restore blood flow, veins are transferred and integrated into the arterial circulation, where they exposed to high pressure and flow. These new hemodynamic conditions cause intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis that cause intermediate and late vein graft failure. The idea of placing an external support on the vein graft was first suggested in 1963. The rational being that it will diminish the circumferential strain of the graft wall, therefore inhibiting intimal hyperplasia and later superimposed atherosclerosis, aiding with the adaptation of the vein toward the arterial environment.

## Method

The external scaffold provides a mechanical support for the vein graft, absorbs the high arterial pressure, constrict the vein graft dilatation, reduces lumen irregularities and mitigates intimal hyperplasia formation. As shown both in human tissue cultures and experimental models. However, until recently there were a limited number of clinical studies that showed less positive results. It was hypothesized that graft patency rates were lower with external support, because of aggressive over constriction of the vein graft, unsuitable material of the devices and the use of fibrin glue that has shown to cause tissue damage, fibrosis and intimal hyperplasia. Lately, more promising results with second generation devices showed that external support can mitigate intimal hyperplasia development, improve vein graft lumen uniformity and improve the flow pattern inside the graft. These benefits shown to remain for up to five years follow up. In addition to improving the vein graft failure rates in bypass surgeries, other research studies showed that external support might allow the use of conduits that previously have been considered to be unsuitable for surgery.
To date the technique is practiced in several cardiac centers in Europe, Israel and South Africa. Further clinical studies are ongoing in Europe and the US on a larger number of patients.
# Leptostylus sagittatus

Leptostylus sagittatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pierre Nicolas Camille Jacquelin du Val in 1875.
# Information Systems (journal)

Information Systems is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering data-intensive technologies underlying database systems, business processes, social media, and data science. It is published 8 times a year by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are Dennis Shasha (New York University), Gottfried Vossen (University of Münster), and Matthias Weidlich (Humboldt University of Berlin).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Cambridge Scientific Abstracts
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology
* Elsevier BIOBASE
* ERIC
* EI/Compendex
* INSPEC
* Library and Information Science Abstracts
* PASCAL
* Science Citation Index
* Scopus
* Zentralblatt MATH
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.777.
# Lagos–Badagry Expressway

The Lagos–Badagry Expressway is the local name for the Nigerian section of the Trans–West African Coastal Highway. The expressway connects Lagos, Nigeria with Dakar, Senegal.
Extensive reconstruction of the Lagos portion of the expressway began in 2010. When those renovations are completed the Lagos portion of the expressway will be widened from four lanes to ten lanes for road vehicles and a new mass transit line will operate in the median. Two of the expressway's lanes are intended to be exclusively used by the Lagos Bus Rapid Transit System.
# Caryocolum hispanicum

Caryocolum hispanicum is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Spain and Greece.
The length of the forewings is about 5.5 mm for males and 5 mm for females. Adults have been recorded on wing in July.
# Hôtel Le Concorde

Hôtel Le Concorde Québec is a skyscraper hotel in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. It contains 405 rooms over 26 floors. Le Concorde is known for its revolving restaurant, Ciel! (formerly L'Astral), which is situated on the top floor of the hotel and offers a 360-degree view of Quebec City and the Saint Lawrence River. The hotel is located in the historic restaurant district La Grande Allée and behind is the historic national park The Plains of Abraham (French: Les plaines d'Abraham) and The Battlefields Park (French: Parc des Champs-de-Bataille).

## History

The hotel was constructed by wealthy businessman Marcel Adams, owner of Développement Iberville, and designed by architect Dimitri Dimakopoulos. It opened on 1 April 1974 as Loews Le Concorde, operated by Loews Hotels, under the terms of a 99-year lease. In 2069, at the end of this lease, ownership was to return to Adams or his successor.
In November 2013, Loews announced that the hotel would cease operations in February 2014. In January 2014, it was announced that the hotel would be sold to Groupe Savoie for $11,5M in order to transform it into a luxury retirement apartment building. This plan was met with opposition from local businesses, who feared the loss of customers from the hotel. In the end, the hotel closed briefly and was repurchased for $13M by the businessman Jean-Guy Sylvain, who already owned other hotels in the Old Capital region, and his associates who renovated the building. The hotel reopened in May 2014 as Hôtel Le Concorde Québec, no longer affiliated with Loews. Since October 2015, as a landmark building, its exterior is illuminated at night.
# Franja du Plessis

Franja du Plessis (born 2 January 1994) is a Namibian singer-songwriter, who sings in Afrikaans.She appeared in the 2013 film As jy sing as Marna. Her debut album, My verhaal ("My Story"), went platinum in 2016. She is the daughter of singer Juanita du Plessis and the sister of singer Ruan Josh.

## Education

She graduated from Hoërskool Die Wilgers in Pretoria.