OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Artie Malvin

Artie Malvin (July 7, 1922 – June 16, 2006) was a composer and vocalist who was the baritone member of The Crew Chiefs. He also sang with Glenn Miller's band.

## Career

During World War II, Malvin performed with Glenn Miller as part of The Crew Chiefs. Recordings of his performances with Glenn Miller and the Army Air Force Band were released as V-Discs.
After World War II and Glenn Miller's death, Malvin became heavily immersed in the popular music of the 1940s and 1950s, being involved in everything from children's music, to the beginnings of rock and roll, to jingles for commercials. In the late 1950s he became involved in television as the music arranger for The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, and he contributed to Jimmy Dorsey's final recording sessions, including the #2 hit "So Rare". He later worked with "The Carol Burnett Show" doing special musical material for which he won two Emmy Awards; one for a parody of the Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers movies. The Broadway musical, "Sugar Babies", for which Malvin received a Tony nomination, was inspired by his composition "Let Me Be Your Sugar Baby". This song also inspired the name for the iconic Sugar Babies candy that was originally developed in 1935.

## Compositions

Malvin's compositions include I'm Headin' For California with Glenn Miller in 1944, Join the W.A.C., Time in the Town of Berlin, Glenn's Travels, Goodnight Wherever You Are, Time Alone Will Tell, and Let Me Be Your Sugar Baby.

## Sources

* Grudens, Richard (2004). Chattanooga Choo Choo: The Life and Times of the World Famous Glenn Miller Orchestra. ISBN 1-57579-277-X
* Flower, John (1972). Moonlight Serenade: a bio-discography of the Glenn Miller Civilian Band. New Rochelle, NY: Arlington House. ISBN 0-87000-161-2.
* Simon, George Thomas (1980). Glenn Miller and His Orchestra. New York: Da Capo paperback. ISBN 0-306-80129-9.
# Artificial Intelligence II

Artificial Intelligence II is a compilation album released via Warp on 30 May 1994. It is the eighth and final release in Warp's Artificial Intelligence series. It peaked at number 16 on the UK Compilation Chart.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | 6.8/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
| Spin Alternative Record Guide | 9/10 |
John Bush of AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5, stating that it is "a bit more sonically experimental" than Artificial Intelligence. Mark Richardson of Pitchfork gave the album a 6.8 out of 10, saying: "By 1994 there were a lot of people making 'electronic listening music' and this doesn't feel like a particularly special assemblage of what was out there."

## Track listing

Note
* Tracks 11–14 are excluded from the single-disc CD edition; tracks 13–14 are excluded from the cassette and standard double-disc vinyl editions.

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| UK Compilation Albums (OCC) | 16 |
# Artificial Joy Club

Artificial Joy Club, at first known as Sal's Birdland, was a Canadian alternative rock band active in the 1990s. The group recorded three albums under various names and had one hit single.

## History

The band formed in 1993 when Louise Reny and Leslie Howe, formerly of the pop group One to One, joined with guitarist Michael Goyette, bassist Tim Dupont and drummer Andrew Lamarche. Initially taking the name Sal's Birdland ('Sal' was Reny's stage name), the group released its debut album, So Very Happy, in 1994.
In 1995, the group signed an international deal with Discovery Records', which re-worked So Very Happy with production assistance from Michael James and released the album Nude Photos Inside.
The label rejected their planned follow-up, and the band signed to Interscope Records, changing their name to Artificial Joy Club at the same time. Goyette, Dupont and Lamarche had previously used the name Artificial Joy Club for a short-lived side project with Ottawa singer Doug Wilson.
In 1997, they released the album Melt, and the maxi-single Sick And Beautiful. The song "Sick and Beautiful" was a No. 17 Billboard Modern Rock Tracks hit; it also climbed to No. 11 on the Radio and Records Alternative chart. It hit #35 in Canada on the RPM Top 100. It was also featured on the soundtrack for the 1998 film Homegrown.
The band then went on a full North American festival tour. It included opening the mainstage at Buzzfest '97, and appearing on the second stage bill at Lollapalooza.
In 1998, Artificial Joy Club released the three-track EP Spaceman, which was three versions of their song of the same name. They also released a video. The band broke up in 1999.

## Discography
### as Sal's Birdland

* So Very Happy (1994), Ghetto Records
* Nude Photos Inside (1995), Ghetto Records, Discovery Records

### as Artificial Joy Club

* Melt (1997), Interscope
* Sick And Beautiful (1997), Interscope, Crunchy Records
* Spaceman (EP) (1998), Interscope
# Artur Kuko

Artur Kuko (born 16 April 1962) is an Albanian diplomat and former Permanent Representative to NATO of Albania. Kuko was Ambassador to Belgium and Luxembourg from 1992 to 1994 and again from 2002 to 2007. He was also the Ambassador to the European Union from 1992 to 1997 and again from 2002 to 2007.
# Ash Shamaliyah

Ash Shamaliyah (from Arabic الشمالية, 'northern') or Shamal ('north'), or variants, may refer to:

## Places

* Northern state, Sudan, or Ash Shamaliyah
* Northern Governorate, Bahrain, or Ash Shamaliyah
** Northern Region, Bahrain
* North Governorate, Lebanon, or Ash Shamal
* Al Shamal, a municipality in Qatar
** Madinat ash Shamal
* Shamal District, Afghanistan
** Shamal, Khost Province

## Arts and entertainment

* Shamal (album), by Gong, 1976
* Shamal, a music project by Enzo Rao
* Shamall, a music band
* Shamal, a character in Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha

## People

* Marina Shamal (born 1939), a Russian swimmer
* Steve Shamal (born 1996), a French footballer
* Shamal Bhatt, an 18th-century Gujarati narrative poet
* Shamal George (born 1998), an English footballer

## Other uses

* Shamal (wind), a wind in the Middle East
* Maserati Shamal, a car
* USS Shamal, a ship
* Al Shamal Islamic Bank, Sudan
* Al-Shamal SC, a Qatari sports club
* Al-Shamali AC, a Sudanese football club
# Ash Sharqiyah, Abyan

Ash Sharqiyah is a village in south-western Yemen. It is located in the Abyan Governorate.
# Asbanr

Asbanr is a union council in Lower Dir District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
* This Lower Dir District location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ashangi Basalts

The Ashangi Basalts are the earliest Tertiary volcanic rocks in north Ethiopia, hence they are in the lowest position. These dark porphyritic basalts are separated from the Mesozoic formations below it by basal conglomerates. The basalts hold phenocrysts that developed before the magma reached the earth surface. These basalts are weathered, partially eroded and have a sub-horizontal stratification, particularly at the lower part. This series was created during the first period of the flood basalt eruptions in north Ethiopia, in the Oligocene.

## Name and definition

The name was coined by geologist William Thomas Blanford, who accompanied the British Expedition to Abyssinia in 1868, after Lake Hashenge in Tigray, which is surrounded by large outcrops of the formation. So far the nomenclature has not been proposed for recognition to the International Commission on Stratigraphy.

## Stratigraphic context

The formation covers Mesozoic sedimentary rocks, particularly Amba Aradam Formation and Adigrat Sandstone. In many places, on its upper side, deposits of intra-volcanic sedimentary rock occur.

## Environment

These volcanic rocks formed through melting of Earth's mantle. After magma generation, lava flowed out over the surface, in successive flows. Some part of it disappeared within the next 1 to 3 million years due to weathering and erosion, while other parts remained present. Within the basalt, columnar joints occur as a result of cooling; they are visible along the flanks of the ridges. The columnar joints are perpendicular to the surface of the lava flows; they are mostly vertical, but may also be strongly inclined. The lower succession, the one that overlies the Amba Aradam Formation and the Adigrat Sandstone holds vertical and closely spaced columnar joints. A common characteristic of the columnar joints observed in the Ashangi Basalts is their pentagonal or hexagonal shape (in plan view).

## Lithology

The Ashangi Basalts are made of coarse-grained plagioclase minerals, surrounded by a matrix of fine-grained plagioclases and pyroxenes; some iron oxides are also present.

## Geographical extent

The Ashangi formation occurs widely in Tigray Region, including the May Ch'ew area and Dogu’a Tembien.
# Ashok Kumar Garg

Ashok Kumar Garg (born 7 July 1969) is an Indian wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 57 kg at the 1992 Summer Olympics. In 1993, he won the Arjuna Award.
# Association of Teachers of Mathematics

The Association of Teachers of Mathematics (ATM) was established by Caleb Gattegno in 1950 to encourage the development of mathematics education to be more closely related to the needs of the learner. ATM is a membership organisation representing a community of students, nursery, infant, primary, secondary and tertiary teachers, numeracy consultants, overseas teachers, academics and anybody interested in mathematics education.

## Aims

The stated aims of the Association of Teachers of Mathematics are to support the teaching and learning of mathematics by:
* encouraging increased understanding and enjoyment of mathematics
* encouraging increased understanding of how people learn mathematics
* encouraging the sharing and evaluation of teaching and learning strategies and practices
* promoting the exploration of new ideas and possibilities
* initiating and contributing to discussion of and developments in mathematics education at all levels

## Guiding principles

ATM lists as its guiding principles:
* The ability to operate mathematically is an aspect of human functioning which is as universal as language itself. Attention needs constantly to be drawn to this fact. Any possibility of intimidating with mathematical expertise is to be avoided.
* The power to learn rests with the learner. Teaching has a subordinate role. The teacher has a duty to seek out ways to engage the power of the learner.
* It is important to examine critically approaches to teaching and to explore new possibilities, whether deriving from research, from technological developments or from the imaginative and insightful ideas of others.
* Teaching and learning are cooperative activities. Encouraging a questioning approach and giving due attention to the ideas of others are attitudes to be encouraged. Influence is best sought by building networks of contacts in professional circles.

## Structure

There are about 3500 members, mainly teachers in primary and secondary schools. It is a registered charity and all profits from subscriptions and trading are re-invested. Its head office is located in central Derby.

### Branches

Working within the aims and guiding principles of the Association of Teachers of Mathematics, ATM Branches provide the opportunity for professionals to share ideas and experiences in their own areas.

## Publications

ATM publishes Mathematics Teaching, a non-refereed journal with articles of interest to those involved in mathematics education. The journal is sent to all registered members. There are some free 'open access' journals available to all on the ATM website. ATM also publishes a range of resources suitable for teachers at all levels of teaching.
# Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada

The Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada (ATS) is an organization of seminaries and other graduate schools of theology. ATS has its headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.

## History

The ATS was founded in 1918. Its stated mission is "to promote the improvement and enhancement of theological schools to the benefit of communities of faith and the broader public".
The ATS Commission on Accrediting provides graduate schools of theology with accreditation. It is recognized by both the Council for Higher Education Accreditation and the United States Department of Education as an accrediting body.
Frank M. Yamada has the association's executive director since July 2017. As of January 2024, the ATS listed 278 member schools.
# Asperdaphne trimaculata

Asperdaphne trimaculata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Northwest Australia.
# Asperdaphne walcotae

Asperdaphne walcotae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Raphitomidae.
Subspecies: Asperdaphne walcotae pallida Sowerby III, 1896

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs in the waters off the coast of South Australia.
# Astroblepus festae

Astroblepus festae is a species of catfish of the family Astroblepidae. It can be found on south Ecuador.
Named in honor of Italian naturalist Enrico Festa (1868-1939), who collected the type specimen.
# American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute

The American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute (AWCI) is a not-for-profit trade association based in the United States that is dedicated to the advancement of the modern watch industry, from which it receives a significant portion of its funding. While the AWCI is an American organization, it also has members throughout the world.
AWCI promotes the modern watch industry by providing a range of education, certification, technical assistance and business services. For over 50 years, AWCI has worked with horology schools, individual watchmakers and clockmakers, manufacturers and retailers to advance the art, science and business of horology. The AWCI hosts the largest online repair directory connecting consumers with local repair professionals who are AWCI members, however this does not include all local repair professionals. Horological Times, the official publication of AWCI, is currently the only monthly horological magazine serving the U.S. market (2011). The Institute is supported by numerous local affiliate chapters around the nation. AWCI also offers books and media on timekeeping topics to members and the general public. Continuing education and certification in certain areas of watchmaking and clock making are offered by AWCI. Several current (as of 2011) watch-related courses provided include: Basic Quartz Watch Repair, Modern Automatic Watches, Balance Staffing and Timing, Polishing and Waterproof Testing, Modern Mechanical Chronograph and more. These courses are conducted at the AWCI Marvin E. Whitney Academy of Watchmaking in Harrison, Ohio. Clockmaker courses can be scheduled by request.
AWCI was organized in 1960 as the American Watchmakers Institute (AWI). This was the nation's first unified horological organization. It combined the members of the United Horological Association of America (UHAA) with those of the Horological Institute of America (HIA) to form AWI. However, with the continual influx of clock-related interest into the organization, a name change was recommended by the Affiliate Chapters in 1992 and was formally changed to the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute. Affiliate chapters include the Horological Society of New York and the Watchmakers Association of Pennsylvania.
The American Watchmaker-Clockmakers Institute maintains the ELM CharitableTrust, a 501 (c) (3) trust. The ELM (Education, Library and Museum) Trust operates The Henry B. Fried Resource Library and The Orville R. Hagans History of Time Museum, which are located at AWCI headquarters in Harrison, Ohio. The ELM Trust also administers annual scholarships to horology students in the U.S. through The Harold J. and Marie Borneman Greenwood Memorial Fund of the New Hampshire Charitable Foundation.
# Alfonso del Galdo

Alfonso del Galdo (born 1550 in Medina del Campo) was a Spanish clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tegucigalpa. He was ordained in 1612. He was appointed bishop in 1613. He died in 1629.
# David Bonetti

David Bonetti (c. 1947 – April 4, 2018) was an American art critic.

## Early life

David Bonetti was born circa 1947 and grew up in Boston, Massachusetts. His father was Italian and his mother Irish. He graduated from Brandeis University in 1969.

## Career

Bonetti began his career as an art critic for the Boston Phoenix. He was an art critic for The San Francisco Examiner from 1989 to 2000, and The San Francisco Chronicle from 2000 to 2002. He later became the art critic for the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

## Personal life and death

Bonetti was openly gay. He resided in Duboce Triangle, San Francisco, California, and retired in Brookline, Massachusetts, where he died on April 4, 2018, at the age of 71.
# Hall Institute of Public Policy – New Jersey

The Hall Institute for Public Policy – New Jersey is a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank that focuses on public policy issues in New Jersey. The institute was founded in 2005 by George E. Hall, a finance executive and philanthropist. Hall hired Michael P. Riccards, a former college president, as executive director, and Richard A. Lee, former deputy communications director to New Jersey Governor James E. McGreevey, as director of communications. Since its inception, the institute has posted more than 400 papers on its website, conducted public forums, and published two books.

## Public policy

Opinion articles from the Hall Institute have appeared in several newspapers on the East Coast, including the New York Times.
In 2006 and 2008, the Hall Institute used a mediated online debate format, what it calls a "virtual debate", as a way of presenting the views of New Jersey U.S. Senate candidates without the partisan sparring and the neglect of the issues that has been characteristic of live face-to-face debates in New Jersey and elsewhere.
The institute's public forums have focused on New Jersey's role in the 2008 presidential campaign.
In partnership with Mercer County Community College, the institute produced one season of public affairs television in 2008 which aired on MCTV 26 in Mercer County, New Jersey.
In 2006, the institute published a hardbound journal, The State of the Garden State, and in 2007, another journal titled Reaction and Reform in New Jersey. Both were compilations of major papers that the institute had solicited and commissioned from scholars on topics ranging from New Jersey health care reform to lowering the levels of poverty in the state's urban areas. The institute posted a third volume online in 2008, Creating a Common Future: New Jersey and Public Policy.
# Forschungs- und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Irland e.V.

The Forschungs- und Arbeitsgemeinschaft Irland (FAI – Research and Study Group on Irish Philately) is a registered society, a member of the Bund Deutscher Philatelisten (Association of German Philatelists), and is engaged in Irish philately. The FAI was founded on 24 July 1982 by Frank Holzmüller in order to establish a platform for research and communication for all those interested in Irish philately in the German Federal Republic. Since then the society has become international. The more than 200 members (by 2013) come from four continents and the majority not from Germany. Heinz-Jürgen Kumpf has been President of the FAI since May 2007.
The FAI keeps in touch with the other philatelic Ireland societies all over the world and cooperates with the Irish postal administration An Post. The members meet regularly at regional meetings and the Annual General Meeting, which take place in all parts of Germany.
The society publishes the members’ magazine Die Harfe (The Harp) three times per year. All aspects of Irish philately are treated in more than 200 pages annually. The first 30 volumes are also available digitally, on DVD or USB flash drive. In particular, the magazine deals with Irish postal history. It encompasses, among others, old postal routes, the transport of mail on board overseas steamboats, national and international postal fees, and the Maltese Cross postmarks used in Ireland. Documentation of the postal history of the Irish independence movement is also an important field. Furthermore, the FAI researches the use of postmark machines, military postal history, postal censorship and post from prisoners of war, Irish postal stationery, international reply coupons, and revenue stamps.
The FAI publishes philatelic literature; as of 2014 a series of 30 volumes have been released. By publishing this series, the FAI contributes to the progress of philatelic research in the field of Irish postal history. In the year of publication, all FAI members receive a copy of the new volume either for free or at a special rate, depending on the number of pages and retail price.
FAI members can consult FAI experts on many different fields of Irish philately.
Since the mid-1990s, all publications (the members’ magazine as well as the novelties in the publication series) are edited completely bilingual in German and English. The publications of the FAI thus constitute an important link between the German- and the English-speaking philatelists and are accessible for collectors and researchers in the field of Irish philately all over the world with no language barrier.
# Lionel Baker

Lionel Sionne Baker (born 6 September 1984) is a West Indian former cricketer who has played first-class cricket for the Leeward Islands. He is the first person from Montserrat to have represented the West Indies at Test cricket.

## Personal life

Although he was born in Montserrat, Lionel Baker spent several years living in London and attended school there.

## Domestic career

Baker made his debut for the Leeward Islands in the 2004/05 season.
In 2007 Baker, played for an English Village club side called Marston Green Cricket Club and broke their long standing batting record, scoring 207 against Aston Unity on 27 August. Baker scored 819 runs, and took 27 wickets in this season. Baker, took a shine to the local Chinese takeaway, and regularly ate shrimps for his post match snack.
In the 2008 English season, Baker represented Walmley in the Birmingham and District Premier League. After impressing in the nets in 2008, Baker signed a two-year contract with Leicestershire County Cricket Club to represent them from 2009. He has a British passport which would have allowed him to play without counting as an overseas or Kolpak player. However, a month later the deal fell through once Baker was selected for the West Indies team as he was no longer eligible to play as a Kolpak player.
Baker has represented Montserrat in the Stanford 20/20 since the 2006 season and was selected in the Stanford Superstars squad in 2008 to play against England, but did not play for them.

## International career

Baker represented the West Indies at U19 level, he finished his Youth One Day International career with 17 wickets from 8 matches at an average of 18.47 with best bowling figures of 6/39. The figures of 6/39 earned Baker a man-of-the-match award and were taken against Sri Lanka U19s.
On 1 November 2008, the ODI squad to tour Pakistan was announced, with Baker as one of the members. On the same day, it was announced that he was one of four players – along with Brendan Nash, Leon Johnson, and Kemar Roach – without a Test cap to be named in the 15-man squad selected to tour New Zealand for a Test series. He became the first player from Montserrat to represent the West Indies senior side at international level when he made his One Day International (ODI) debut against Pakistan on 12 November 2008. His first wicket in international cricket was that of Salman Butt, bowled. He did not bat and after coming on to bowl first change, finished the match with bowling figures of 9–0–47–3, also claiming the scalps of Younis Khan and Shahid Afridi as the West Indies narrowly lost by four wickets.
Baker made his Test debut on 11 December 2008, playing against New Zealand.