OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bruce Litchfield

Bruce Albert John Litchfield (20 December 1908 – 10 October 1995) was an architect in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. He was integral to the reestablishment of Darwin after it was bombed by the Japanese in 1942. He later designed and built many significant early buildings in Katherine.

## Early life

Litchfield was born on 20 December 1908 at Gallaghehs Estate, near Cessnock, New South Wales. He was the youngest child of Albert George and Clara Ellen (Nee Eyre). Had four siblings, Clarice Harriet, Aldyth Doris Myee, Albert and Harold Arthur Leslie, who became a navigator for Charles Kingsford Smith's 1928 Trans-Tasman Flight. In 1919 the family moved to Newcastle, New South Wales. Litchfield attended Waratah Public School. After leaving school at 16, Litchfield began work at architects F.G. & A.C. Castleden, while undertaking a Diploma in Architecture at Newcastle Technical College. After graduation in 1938 he went on to work with Pitt & Merryweather.

## Life in the Northern Territory

Litchfield was appointed Commonwealth Architect with the Department of the Interior, Works and Services Branch in Darwin in May 1939. He worked alongside Northern Territory architect Beni Burnett, who was best known for his innovative, climate appropriate designs.
He married Jean Francis Gow at the Uniting Church in Darwin 20 March 1940. They had one son, Grahame.
On 19 February 1942, Darwin was bombed by the Japanese. Litchfield was working at the drawing office when the bombs exploded. He was one of only 13 civilians with professional qualifications tasked with reestablishing Darwin. At one stage he was the only architect working on the reconstruction program. He supervised the repair of airstrips and established temporary building constructions. He became a well-known figure in Darwin social life.
Litchfield was posted to Katherine in 1944 as District Officer covering the region from Borroloola to Kalkarindji and south as far as Daly Waters. Katherine was being developed as a provisioning centre by the Australian Army. Litchfield was required to move away from his profession often to accommodate the necessary constructions of kilns, baking ovens, laundries and other essential equipment to service the growing defence population. He also supervised the construction of the Manbulloo Abattoirs, now a World War II heritage site. He also designed and supervised the construction of houses and buildings suited to Katherine's climate, including the Katherine Museum.

## Later life

After leaving the Northern Territory, Litchfield worked as the University Architect of the Australian National University in Canberra. He retired on his 60th birthday in 1968. He continued to work as a sole trader.
He married his second wife Dorothy Janet Denbow in the 1980s.
Litchfield died on 10 October 1995 in Killara in Sydney, aged 86 years. He was buried at the Northern Suburbs Memorial Gardens alongside his wife, Dorothy.
# Isturitz and Oxocelhaya caves

The Isturitz and Oxocelhaya caves (French: Grottes d'Isturitz et d'Oxocelhaya) are an important Paleolithic site where a Neanderthal mandible was found, as well as later modern human finds associated with the Aurignacian, Solutrean and Magdalenian. They also include cave paintings and bone flutes. The caves are located in the Gaztelu hill in the Arberoue Valley in the foothills of Pyrenees, in Lower Navarre, a traditional region of the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, southwestern France, part of the French Basque Country.
The French government has classified the site as a Monument historique since 1953. Occupation by Neanderthal and Homo sapiens communities extends over a period from 80,000–10,000 years BP, and continued to be use (perhaps only for burials) until the Roman era. The site is discussed within the context of Franco-Cantabrian prehistory, as among the easternmost decorated caves that extended along the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountains.

## Topography

The caves are within the territories of the communes of Isturits et de Saint-Martin-d'Arberoue, in the vicinity of Hasparren. They form part of a system of three caves carved into the limestone Gaztelu hill in succession by the Arbéroue stream, which flows into the Lihoury, a tributary of the Bidouze. The hill itself is surmounted by the Rocafort castle.
* Isturitz Cave: the high cave in the hill, with openings on both sides of the hill.
* Oxocelhaya Cave: 20 meters below Isturitz, notable for its calcite concretions.
* Erberua Cave: where the Arbéroue stream runs today, with a siphon at each end; not explored until 1973.

## Isturitz cave

The Isturitz cave is divided into two parts: the Hall of Saint-Martin (or South Hall) and the Main Hall or Hall of Isturitz (or North Hall). At the beginning of the Mesolithic, the opening that faces the town of Saint-Martin-d’Arberoue is estimated to have been 15 and 20 m wide and about 10 m high, making it visible to humans a distance.

## Human remains

The most common human remains from Isturitz are cranial vaults, which have been cut-marked and modified to create drinking cups ("coupelles"), dating from the Magdalenian (~15 to 12,000 years BP).

## Gallery

* Among Gravettian projectile points; a red box surrounds the two from Isturitz.
* Assegai points
* Engraving on stone found in a cave at Isturitz showing wounded ox with weapon in its side. Wellcome Images
* Statuette from Isturitz found in 1896 but later lost. This is the drawing of the drawing of the photo of statuette. It represents probably cave lion cub or less probably Homotherium latidens. Statuette was made in Late Pleistocene.
* Baguettes demi-rondes (spear tips or points) engraved in spirals
* Feline with heads of a bear and bison

## Source

This article incorporates material from the corresponding article in French wikipedia.
# Ingrid Isensee

Ingrid Isensee (born 31 December 1974) is a Chilean actress. She appeared in more than twenty films since 2004.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1998 | Takilleitor | |
| 2011 | Bonsai | |
| 2012 | Young and Wild | |
| 2014 | Voice Over | |
| 2015 | Sex Life of Plants | Olaya |
| 2022 | Phantom Project | Antonia |
# Golyam Izvor, Lovech Province

Golyam izvor is a village in Teteven Municipality, Lovech Province, northern Bulgaria.
# Kumarwarti

Kumarwarti is a village development committee in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4155 people living in 698 individual households. However data derived more recently for marriage and education details has suggested in 2001 the population had grown to over 5000.

## History

On July 27, 2002, the Kathmandu Post reported that the summer monsoon's flooding had caused over 900 families in the Lumbini Zone, including people from Kumarwarti had been displaced from their homes. In November, it was reported that Maoist cadres had attacked the Kumarwarti VDC and robbed local farmers' of their rice.

## Politics and conservation

The Village Development Committee is part of a protected environmental buffer zone in Nepal called the Royal Chitwan National Park (RCNP). Within the locality, politically, the VDC is under obligation to respect national Community Forestry guidelines.
However, a 2003 Journal and Forest Livelihood report, indicated a leadership crisis in Kumarwarti from 2001, with several people failing to provide a committee to consider protection due to a reluctance to deal with the warden and National Park rangers. The people of the Village Development Committee have been criticised for lacking the capacity to deal with the authorities, and to distance themselves away from management roles.
In Kumarvarti, the sale of forest products is restricted within the buffer zone. In 1998 when the poorer Majhi/Bote households wanted to sell their share of thatch grass to outside buyers for ₹3 per bundle to raise finances, they were denied permission by the authorities.

## Religion

The Village Development Committee is primarily Hindu in religion. However, the 2001 census recorded 82 Buddhists and 91 Christians living within it.

## Education

In 2001, 1802 out of 2212 of the people eligible for school were attending classes. 410 children were not receiving an education, 250 of these were female. Kumarwarti has a number of schools including Kumarwarti English School, Kumarwarti Secondary School and Higher Secondary School/Kumarwarti College. Kumarwarti English School is located at27°40′57″N 84°13′51″E﻿ / ﻿27.68250°N 84.23083°E﻿ / 27.68250; 84.23083. Rajendra K.C., currently a manager for the national Ideal Friendship-Nepal was previously a lecturer at Kumarwarti College for over two years.
# Killing Rommel

Killing Rommel is a 2008 historical fiction novel by Steven Pressfield set in North Africa during World War II. The book follows the actions of the British Long Range Desert Group (LRDG).

## Story

The novel begins with the narrator recounting the story of a man named Chapman, who had been schooling in England when the war broke out. He joined the British army and found himself fighting hopelessly against the Germans in North Africa. The Germans were said to have superior leadership, tactics, and equipment, including their much more able tanks. Despite the British struggles to fight off the Germans, at some intervals they find success. However, the leadership of Erwin Rommel is the main driving force of German success and so long as he is around, the allies cannot expect to make much headway.
Chapman volunteers to join the LRDG in his desire to see more action. He joins a motley squadron of Brits, Australians, and New Zealanders, along with other men from commonwealth nations. Also there are some Arab natives who tag along as both guides and warriors. Chapman's squadron is given orders to navigate across barren deserts, find Rommel when he is vulnerable and unsuspecting, and assassinate him.
The group experiences many trials as it travels through hundreds of miles of barren desert, dealing with sickness, fatigue, dehydration, overheating trucks, Axis patrols, and more perils. It is an epic journey of a soldiers overcoming hardship and uniting in fraternity.

## Themes

In this novel Pressfield presents some of the themes seen before in his works, both fiction and non-fiction. A major motif is the growth and evolution of the individual from "archetype to archetype" through trials. The novel also depicts the 'Warrior Code' that has been a major theme of most of his works and is explicitly outlined in his book The Warrior Ethos.
# Henri Baudouin

Henri Baudouin (18 June 1926 – 26 May 2020) was a French politician who served as a Deputy between 1962 and 1986. He was twice mayor of Granville, from 1961 to 1977, and again from 1983 to 1989.
He was born in Ille-et-Vilaine, on 18 June 1926, and trained as a lawyer. Over the course of his tenure in the National Assembly, Baudouin represented the Union for the New Republic, Union of Democrats for the Republic, Independent Republicans, and Union for French Democracy. He was awarded Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.
# Lainkalangpara

Lainkalangpara is a village in Bandarban District in the Chittagong Division of southeastern Bangladesh.
# William Gwyn

William Gwyn (11 April 1736 in Prescot – 19 August 1770 in Brighton) was an Oxford college head.
Gwyn was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford. He held the livings at Cottingham, Northamptonshire; and was Principal of Brasenose from his election on 10 May 1770 until his death four months later.
# Bob McCowan

Robert Herman McCowan (28 February 1875 – 29 April 1941) was a pioneer Australian rugby union player, a state and national representative fullback who played in his country's first Test series of 1899, captaining the national side on one occasion.

## Personal life

McCowan was born in Renfrewshire, Scotland. He captained the rugby side at Brisbane Grammar School and after school played at the Past Grammars club.
He ran a successful law practice after his football career but in 1929 he got into some betting trouble with an unsuccessful plunge on Phar Lap in the 1929 Melbourne Cup. He was sentenced to fourteen years for misappropriating over 153,000 pounds from trust funds of clients over a 10-year period 1920-1929). He later worked as a bar-room cleaner.
He is buried in northern New South Wales at Byangum Road Cemetery in Murwillumbah in an unmarked grave.

## Representative career

Howell quotes sportswriter Jack Davis who described McCowan as "short, remarkably quick and good in any era....fast, clever in handling, kicking and passing the ball and tackles well...he possessed in high degree the essentials of a crack three-quarter".
McCowan was first selected in a Queensland representative side in 1893 and made 24 appearances for his state up till 1900. He captained the Queensland side in their tour match against Matthew Mullineux's first British Lions to tour Australia in 1899 to a surprise 11–3 victory. He captained Queensland on six other occasions and made appearances against touring New Zealand sides in 1893, 1896 and 1897. New Zealand dual-international George Smith came up against McCowan on the latter of these tours and was reported in The Cynic to have said "If it had not been for McCowan's fine play we would have put up much bigger scores than we did. He is the best fullback we have seen over here - kicks with either foot and is a very sure tackler - I know it".
His national representative debut came in the first Test match of that Lions 1899 tour when he was selected at fullback - this was Australian rugby union's inaugural Test match at the Sydney Cricket Ground on 24 June 1899 and the host team prevailed 13–3. Due to funding constraints he was one of only six New South Wales players (Charlie Ellis, Hyram Marks, Lonnie Spragg, Peter Ward & Robert Challoner) selected to make the trip to Brisbane four weeks later for the second Test. His performance in that match was noted as excellent by the press. With the incumbent skipper Frank Row left out of the team, McCowan was selected by his teammates to lead the side in the second Test match at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground. He again played at fullback in that game and then for the third Test in Sydney in August 1899 he was selected on the wing. He made no further national appearances in his career.
Zavos describes McCowan as the "finest fullback produced by Queensland" to that point and quotes contemporary commentators "stocky and dynamic, fast, very clever in handling, kicking and passing the ball and tackles well"
| Preceded byFrank Row | Australian national rugby union captain 1899 | Succeeded byStan Wickham |
# Bruce Lisker

Bruce Lisker is an American man who at age 17 was wrongly arrested, tried, and convicted for the March 10, 1983 murder of his adoptive mother Dorka, 66, in the family's Sherman Oaks residence.
Lisker served 26 years, 5 months, and 3 days of a 16-years-to-life sentence in California prisons including the California Youth Authority (now the California Division of Juvenile Justice; 1986–87), San Quentin State Prison (1987-89), and Mule Creek State Prison (1989-2009). His conviction was overturned in a 2009 ruling by United States district court judge Virginia A. Phillips, in which she found that his 1985 murder conviction was obtained through the use of false evidence and ineffective assistance of counsel. Lisker was freed on August 13, 2009. On September 21, 2009, the Los Angeles County District Attorney (LADA) dropped all charges in the matter due to lack of evidence.

## Compensation

On October 15, 2015, a settlement was reached in a lawsuit Lisker filed against the City of Los Angeles in which he accused police detectives of fabricating the evidence that put him behind bars. Lisker was awarded $7.6 million in compensation. Confidential memos from the City Attorney to the L.A. City Council, obtained by the Los Angeles Times, called Lisker's case "extremely dangerous" for the city should it have gone to trial, declaring that the potential results of such a trial could be "financially devastating" to the city.

## Publicity

Lisker's case has been featured in numerous Los Angeles Times articles, the first of which earned its authors, investigative reporters Matt Lait and Scott Glover, the prestigious Heywood Broun award on behalf of the Times. The case was also featured in an hour-long episode of the CBS News television program 48 Hours Mysteries, entitled "The Whole Truth" (2010) hosted by correspondent Erin Moriarty, as well as the documentary film Survivors Guide to Prison (2018).
His time spent in the California Youth Authority is documented in an interview with Gladiator School, Stories from Inside YTS.
His case was dramatized in the CBS All Access series Interrogation.
# India cricket team in East Africa in 1967

A cricket team from India toured East Africa in mid-1967 playing games against Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda as well as against other local teams. A match against the full East African team at the end of the tour was given first-class status.

## Tour matches

* 29-31 July 1967 scorecard
* Indians won by 6 wickets Lugogo Stadium, Kampala
* Uganda won the toss and decided to bat
* 5-7 August 1967 scorecard
* Match drawn Suleman Virjee Indian Gymkhana Ground, Nairobi
* Kenya won the toss and decided to bat
* 12-14 August 1967 scorecard
* Match drawn Gymkhana Club Ground, Dar-es-Salaam
* Toss not known
* 17 August 1967 scorecard
| Indian High Commissioner's XI 226 | v | Indians 230/8 |
| Jasmer Singh Grewal 57 B. S. Chandrasekhar 3/26 | | Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi 98 Zulfiqar Ali 4/67 |
* Indians won by 3 wickets Nairobi
* Toss not known
* 12 players per side
* 19-21 August 1967 scorecard
* Indians won by 8 wickets Lugogo Stadium, Kampala
* Indians won the toss and decided to field
# Gonospira holostoma

Gonospira holostoma is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Streptaxidae.
This species is endemic to Mauritius.
# Kujō Tanemoto

Kujō Tanemoto (九条 稙基, 1725–1743), son of Yukinori with Tokugawa Senhime (1706-1757), was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Edo period (1603–1868). He adopted his uncle Naozane as his son.
# Kilmany

Kilmany (Scottish Gaelic: Cille Mheinidh) is a village and parish in Fife, Scotland. It is located on the A92 between Auchtermuchty and the Tay Road Bridge. In 2001 it had a population of 75.
The current name of the village derives from an older Scottish Gaelic name, but the meaning of that name is somewhat obscure. The first element, 'Kil', is from the Gaelic cill meaning a chapel or a monk's cell. The last element was -in, an old Gaelic suffix meaning 'the place of'. The middle element was an early saint's name, but which saint is not clear. St Maine, St Manna, and St Mannán have all been suggested. Taken together, the old Gaelic name would have meant 'The Site of the Church of Maine, Manna, or Mannán'.
It is notable for being the birthplace of Jim Clark, former world champion Formula One racing-car driver. There is a statue of Clark in the village, unveiled in 1997 by Sir Jackie Stewart.
It was also the home of William Anstruther-Gray, Baron Kilmany who served as Chairman of Ways and Means in the House of Commons from 1962 to 1964 and later sat in the House of Lords after being made a life peer in 1966.
Between 1909 and 1960, Kilmany had its own railway station on the Newburgh and North Fife Railway.
The civil parish had a population of 218 in 2011.

## Notable people

* John Sharp (1572–1647), exiled Scottish minister and Professor of Divinity
* David Hackston (d. 1680)
* Rev John Cook (1770–1824), minister of the parish 1793 to 1802
* Thomas Chalmers, minister of the parish 1703 to 1815
* Jim Clark (1936–1968), two-time Formula One racing champion
# Henrich

Henrich is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Surname

* Adam Henrich (born 1984), Canadian former ice hockey player
* Allison Henrich (born 1980), American mathematician
* Bernhard Henrich, set decorator
* Bobby Henrich (born 1938), American former Major League Baseball player
* Christy Henrich (1972–1994), American gymnast
* Daniel Henrich (born 1991), German footballer
* Dieter Henrich (1927-2022), German philosopher
* Hermann Henrich (1891–1982), German composer
* Joseph Henrich, American anthropologist
* Michael Henrich (born 1980), Canadian former ice hockey player
* Rolf Henrich (born 1944), German writer and lawyer, a co-founder and leading member of the New Forum movement
* Tommy Henrich (1913–2009), American Major League Baseball player

## Given name

* Henrich Benčík (born 1978), Slovak former footballer
* Henrich Ernst Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (1716–1778), German politician, canon, dean and author of hymns
* Henrich Focke (1890–1979), German aviation pioneer, co-founder of the Focke-Wulf company
* Henrich Herman Foss, Norwegian Minister of the Navy 1845-1848
* Henrich R. Greve (born 1966), Norwegian organizational theorist
* Henrich Jaborník (born 1991), Slovak ice hockey player
* Henrich Krummedige (1464–1530), Danish-Norwegian nobleman
* Henrich Oberholtzer (1739–1813), American whiskey distiller and founder of the Overholt Whiskey distillery
* Henrich Ravas (born 1997), Slovak football goalkeeper
* Henrich Smet (1535 or 1537—1614), Flemish physician and humanist scholar
# Lainn

Lainn may refer to:
* Lynn (civil parish), County Westmeath, Ireland
* Lyne, Scottish Borders, a village and civil parish
# William Gwin (naval officer)

William Gwin (6 December 1832 – 3 January 1863) was an officer in the United States Navy who was killed in action during the American Civil War. One of the most promising officers in the nation, with extensive command and combat experience, Gwin had risen to the rank of lieutenant commander by the time of his death.

## Early life and career

Born in Columbus, Indiana, Gwin was appointed a midshipman on 7 April 1847. Gwin subsequently served in the frigate Brandywine on the Brazil Squadron until late in 1850. During the next five years he was assigned to the sloop of war Germantown, flagship of the African Squadron, the steamer Princeton and the brig Bainbridge. In September 1855, while serving in the latter, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. From late 1857 until after the outbreak of the American Civil War in the spring of 1861, Gwin was an officer of the steamer Saranac and sloop of war Vandalia, both in the Pacific, and of the steam frigate Susquehanna in the Mediterranean.

## Civil War

Returning to the United States in mid-1861, Lieutenant Gwin began Civil War combat service in the newly acquired cruiser Cambridge and, later in the year, was assigned to the brig Perry.
He commanded several ships of the Mississippi Squadron and was one of Flag Officer Andrew Hull Foote's "can do" officers, displaying outstanding initiative, energy and dash. After the fall of Fort Henry he swept with his wooden gunboats up the Tennessee River all the way to regions of Alabama. This action was a major factor in the collapse of the Confederate lines far behind him in Kentucky. Fire support from two of his gunboats, Tyler and Lexington, helped save Union troops from disaster in the Battle of Shiloh, bringing high praise from General Ulysses S. Grant. He was wounded in action 27 December 1862, while commanding the gunboat Benton in the Battle of Haines Bluff on the Yazoo River.
He died from these injuries on 3 January 1863, on board a hospital ship in the Mississippi River. In reporting his death to the Navy Department, Gwin's squadron commander, Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter, remarked: "The country has lost one of its bravest officers."

## Namesakes

Four ships have been named USS Gwin for him.