OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Big Hatchet Mountains

The Big Hatchet Mountains are an 18 mi (29 km) long mountain range in southeast Hidalgo County, New Mexico, adjacent to the northern border of Chihuahua state, Mexico.
The range lies just south of a westerly excursion of the Continental Divide of the Americas; it lies on the eastern perimeter of the extensive, narrow, and north–south Playas Valley, and is the center range of three mostly arid, low to moderate-elevation ranges that lie on the valley's east perimeter. The mountain range lies in the extreme northwest of the Chihuahuan Desert.

## Description

The range is 18 miles (29 km) long and only about eight miles (13 km) wide. It trends northwest by southeast as does the Alamo Hueco Mountains to the south; the Little Hatchet Mountains bordering the range northwest, trend similarly, but have a more true north traverse.

### Geology, ecology, and access

Geologically this range is part of the Basin and Range Province which spans much of the southwestern U.S. and parts of northern Mexico. It is a fault-block range made up of Paleozoic limestone and Cretaceous shale and sandstones.
Ecologically, the Big Hatchet Mountains lie near the Chihuahuan Desert and the Sonoran Desert, but their large relief provides many ecological niches more in keeping with the mountains to the north. Notable inhabitants include bats, raptors, bighorn sheep, and javelina.
The Big Hatchet Mountains are far from population centers, and have no paved road access or developed recreation sites; they therefore see little recreational activity other than long-distance hikers who are either starting or completing the Continental Divide Trail. However, the standard route on the peak, along the South Ridge from Thompson Canyon, is straightforward.

### Highpoints

The highest peak in the range, Big Hatchet Peak, 8,366 feet (2,550 m), is at the northwest terminus of the range; the peak is located at 31°38′07″N 108°23′56″W﻿ / ﻿31.63528°N 108.39889°W﻿ / 31.63528; -108.39889﻿ (Big Hatchet Peak). Zeller Peak 7,426 feet (2,263 m) is two miles north of Big Hatchet Peak. Another peak anchors the southeast terminus of the range, New Well Peak, at 6,284 feet (1,915 m).

## Continental Divide National Scenic Trail

The Continental Divide lies north of the Big Hatchet Mountains and traverses the northern Playas Valley on its water divide. The Continental Divide National Scenic Trail (CDT) is routed through the Big Hatchets on two alternative trails, one at the center and the other in the north; also subtrails lead off in a southeasterly direction. The main traverse of the CDT exits from the southwest quarter of the range, to meet the northwest end of the Alamo Hueco Mountains.
* Big Hatchet Mountains from the northeast
* Sunrise on the Hatchet Mountains viewed from the southeast, on the CDT
* Example of the complex geology in the range from the Big Hatchet Mountains Wilderness Study Area
# Limpias

Limpias is a municipality located in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain. According to the 2007 census, the city has a population of 1,497 inhabitants.
# Biblioteca Teresiana

The Biblioteca Teresiana (est. 1780) of Mantua, Italy, is a public library founded by sovereign Maria Theresa.

## History

The Teresiana Library was founded by Maria Theresa as part of a larger series of education reforms throughout Mantua and Lombardo-Veneto. It opened to the public on March 30, 1780.
The library collection began with the building housing in Mantua the former Jesuit College, a complex which took up an entire block. After the suppression of this order in 1773, its private collection meant for the teachers and students was repurposed into a public library, the Imperial Regia Biblioteca. It was housed two library rooms, designed by architect Paolo Pozzo in 1780, which would be known as the Teresian rooms. When Mantua joined the Kingdom of Italy in 1866, The Teresiana Library became a government library. It became a municipal library in 1881. It contained valuable works from many private monastic libraries.
In the 1970s and 1980s, city officials became concerned by the growing number of patrons in combination with the building's structural issues and lack of and lack of space for storage and computer technology. The library began renovation in March 2008 and was reopened in 2011. Among the items requiring attention were the Teresiana's 18th-century walnut shelves, and the addition of new air conditioning, lighting, and wireless systems. All of the 44,000 books in the Teresian Rooms had to be removed while the shelves were restored, during which time the books were also under maintenance. Following the restoration, several scholars used the data from the restoration of the print collection in studies of the paper degradation.
It currently has a digital collection available with over 520,000 images. The collection includes some rare and unique manuscripts as well as paintings and globes by Vincenzo Coronelli and other artists.
# Lielā Jugla

Lielā Jugla is a river in Latvia. It flows for 63 kilometres (the length would reach 118 km if the Mergupe river were counted as part of the Lielā Jugla), through the municipalities of Sigulda and Ropaži. The source of the river is located in Mālpils parish, Sigulda Municipality 71 m above sea level, whereas the mouth is 0.1 m asl. River slope is 1.1 m/km, annual drainage 0.26 km$^3$. Lielā Jugla begins at the confluence of the Suda and Mergupe rivers in village Sidgunda.
Lielā Jugla joins with Mazā Jugla thus forming the river Jugla shortly before its mouth into Jugla Lake at the Riga city eastern border with the municipality of Ropaži. The river is a water tourism site. The Ropaži hydroelectric plant is located on the river.
Virtually the entire river flows along the Lowland of Central Latvia (Latvian: Viduslatvijas zemiene). The river meanders through a wooded area, the pool is heavily drained in some places. The shores are generally flat, with occasional Devonian bare rocks. There are many floodplains in the lower reaches of the mouths of rivers Krievupe and Tumšupe.
From Sidgunda to Ropaži the river is 5-15 m wide. In and around Ropaži, the regime of the river is determined by the operation of the local hydroelectric power station (HES), where the river is crossed by a dam - a 1.5 m high concrete wall, which creates an artificial waterfall. A 1.5 km long left outflow begins at the dam, which forms an island with Ropaži Park and the municipality council on it. After the HES the river is calm and shallow in low water, before Bajāri begin thresholds and the river reaches a slope of 3.5 m/km. The thresholds end at Zaķumuiža, then the flow calms down again. At the mouth of Jugla Lake it meets the Mazā Jugla River, forming the Jugla River, the sediments of which as Jugla Delta penetrate deeply into the lake.
In the river live pike, perch, roach, bream, eel.

## Flow by distance

Flow :
| Kilometres from mouth | Altitude (m) | Object |
| 62,4 49,7 43,9 35,1 34,4 33,8 25,0 24,9 18,9 8,7 3,0 1,2 0 | 66,4 57,1 51,4 40,0 36,9 36,1 18,2 17,9 14,1 1,2 0,4 0,2 0,1 | Sidgunda bridge Augšciems bridge Laimnieki bridge Dam of Ropaži HES Pedestrian bridge in Ropaži Bridge of road P10 Pietēnupe River (left) Village Bajārkrogs Zaķumuiža bridge Tumšupe River (right) Krievupe River (right) Bridge of Riga bypass A4 Junction of Lielā Jugla and Mazā Jugla |

## Tributaries

* Left: Krievupe (48 km), Tumšupe (49 km).
* Right: Pietēnupe (14 km).

## Biggest settlements

Villages Sidgunda, Ropaži, Zaķumuiža, Silakrogs, Sunīši, Upesciems.

## Pictures

* Sidgunda bridge.
* Confluence of Suda and Mergupe, beginning of Lielā Jugla.
* Near Sunīši.
* Near Zaķumuiža.
* Near Silakrogs.
# Biedma Department

Biedma is a department located in the north east of Chubut Province, on the Atlantic coast of Argentina. The spelling Viedma is also sometimes used, but the spelling Biedma is preferred, to distinguish the department from the city of Viedma in Río Negro Province.
The provincial subdivision has a population of about 59,000 inhabitants in an area of 12,940 km$^2$, and its capital city is Puerto Madryn, which is located around 1,334 km from Buenos Aires.

## Economy

The main contributors to the economy of Biedma are tourism, fishing, farming and the production of Aluminium.

## Attractions

* Valdés Peninsula (World Heritage Site)

## Sport

Puerto Madryn is home to two football clubs; Club Social y Atlético Guillermo Brown, who play in Torneo Argentino A and Deportivo Madryn that currently play in Torneo Argentino B.

## Settlements

* Puerto Madryn
* Puerto Pirámides
* Mina Guanacache
* Arroyo Verde
* Puerto Lobos
* Riacho San Jose
# Big Island 31D

Big Island 31D is a First Nations reserve on Big Island in Lake of the Woods, northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is one of the reserves of the Anishnaabeg of Naongashiing.
# Big Island (Wood County, Wisconsin)

Big Island is a river island in Wood County, Wisconsin. The island is in the Wisconsin River near Wisconsin Rapids.
Big Island was so named on account of its size, being the 5th largest island in the Wisconsin River; it is 0.46 square miles (1.2 km$^2$).
Big Island is known for having a lot of clams and having very muddy beaches.
# Big Island (Woodhull Lake)

Big Island is an island on Woodhull Lake in Herkimer County, New York.
# Biceratopsinae

The Biceratopsinae is an extinct subfamily of redlichiid trilobites within the family Biceratopsidae, with species of small to average size. Species belonging to this subfamily lived during the Toyonian stage (Upper Olenellus-zone), 516-513 million years ago, in the former continent of Laurentia, including what are today the South-Western United States and Canada.

## Etymology

The Biceratopsinae are named for the type species Biceratops nevadensis.

## Habitat

The Biceratopsinae were probably marine bottom dweller, like all Olenellina.
# Lillian Benson

Lillian Benson is a film and television editor who currently serves on the board of American Cinema Editors. She is also the first African-American woman to become a member of the honorary society.

## Awards and recognition

* 1990: Emmy nomination, Eyes on the Prize (PBS)
* Currently: Secretary, ACE Board of Directors
•Recipient of the Motion Picture Editors Guild 2017 Fellowship and Service Award
# Lillian Belle Sage

Lillian Belle Sage (1870 – April 4, 1915) was an American educator. She taught biology and geology classes at Washington Irving High School in New York, and at Cornell University.

## Early life and education

Lillian Belle Sage was born in Norwich, New York, the daughter of WIlliam A. Sage and Venette Dyer Sage. She graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1899, and earned a bachelor's degree from Cornell University in 1901.

## Career

Sage taught school in Norwich, Olean, and Albany as a young woman. In 1902 she joined the faculty of Washington Irving High School in New York City, "the largest girls' school in America". As head of the biology department, she worked with another Cornell alumna, Florence Wells Slater, to make innovative science education a specialty at Irving. She designed and built the school's vivarium to support the study of animal life for thousands of city school students. She also wrote and staged pageants at the school, and built greenhouses on the roof of the school, where students raised plants and flowers for the flower shows she also began. She led the effort to install a pipe organ and chimes at the school, in her capacity as president of the Patrick F. McGowan Memorial Association.
Outside Washington Irving High School, Sage was a member of the Teachers League, the High School Teachers' Association of New York City, the Torrey Botanical Society, and the Bronx Zoological Society. She helped teach summer geology courses for science teachers at Cornell University. She read the proofs for Liberty Hyde Bailey's textbook, Botany: An Elementary Text for Schools (1901). She donated plant samples to the New York state botanist. She served on the council of Camp Fire Girls, along with Jane Addams, Jessica Blanche Peixotto, and Ernest Thompson Seton, among others.

## Publications

* "A Practical and Profitable Experiment in the New Method of Teaching Geology" (1901)
* "The Practical Use of Biology" (1909, with Henry R. Linville, Edgar A. Bedford, Martha F. Goddard, Elsie M. Kupfer [ast], and Benjamin C. Gruenberg)
* "Who has a Better Chance?" (1913)
* "A Teacher's Prescription" (1915)

## Personal life

Sage died in April 1915, a few months after she became unconscious from a blood clot in her brain. She was 44 years old. In November 1915, she and three other deceased teachers were remembered at an event in the library of Washington Irving High School, and a reproduction of Romney's "The Stafford Children" was chosen to recall her love of children and nature.
# Lincoln Township, Jasper County, Missouri

Lincoln Township is a township in Jasper County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Its population was 270 per the 2020 Census.
It was founded on February 7, 1873. The first school-house was erected in 1858 and the first post-office was established at Maple Grove in 1879.
Lincoln Township has the name of President Abraham Lincoln.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Lincoln Township, Jasper County, Missouri – Racial and Ethnic Composition (NH = Non-Hispanic) Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 256 | 276 | 223 | 98.84% | 93.24% | 82.59% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.77% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0.00% | 0.34% | 1.11% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1.85% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.37% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 1 | 0 | 15 | 0.39% | 0.00% | 5.56% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0 | 19 | 23 | 0.00% | 6.42% | 8.52% |
| Total | 259 | 296 | 270 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
# Lincoln Township, Hendricks County, Indiana

Lincoln Township is one of twelve townships in Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 28,665.

## History

Lincoln Township was organized in 1863.

## Geography

Lincoln Township covers an area of 23.91 square miles (61.9 km$^2$); of this, 0.09 square miles (0.23 km$^2$) or 0.39 percent is water. The streams of Bullard Creek, Hughes Branch and West Fork White Lick Creek run through this township.

### Cities and towns

* Brownsburg (southeast three-quarters)

### Unincorporated towns

* Clermont Heights
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

### Adjacent townships

* Brown Township (north)
* Pike Township, Marion County (east)
* Wayne Township, Marion County (southeast)
* Washington Township (south)
* Middle Township (northwest)

### Cemeteries

The township contains twelve cemeteries: Bell, Brown, Brownsburg, Greenlawn, Hoadley, Lingeman, McDaniels, Prebster, Saint Malachy East, Turpin, Walker and Ward (historical).

### Major highways

* Interstate 74
* U.S. Route 136
* Indiana State Road 267

### Airports and landing strips

* Brownsburg Airport

## Education

Lincoln Township residents may obtain a free library card from the Brownsburg Public Library in Brownsburg.
# Gail Dinter-Gottlieb

Gail Dinter-Gottlieb is an American university administrator who served as the 14th president and vice-chancellor of Acadia University until February 2008.
A native of Port Chester, New York, Dinter-Gottlieb was educated at the College of Mount Saint Vincent, Northeastern University, Weizmann Institute of Science, and the Harvard Graduate School of Education.
Dinter-Gottlieb's research and scholarly activities include work on self-cleavage of the Tetrahymena intron with Nobel Laureate Dr. Thomas R. Cech (1989). Her recent focus has been in the application of biotechnology to the study of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis.
She was a teacher and science curriculum specialist in Massachusetts' Brookline School System. In 1976 she taught at the American International School in Kfar Shmaryahu, Israel. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Colorado and taught at Drexel University from 1986 to 1996 and 1997–2003 at State University of New York College at Buffalo and Pace University.
Dinter-Gottlieb assumed the presidency of Acadia University on September 1, 2003. On January 4, 2008, she tendered her resignation as president and Vice-Chancellor of Acadia, effective February 29, 2008, before the completion of her first term.
During her tenure, Acadia built a new Biology building and Learning Commons, $52 million was raised in the Capital Campaign, and the faculty went on strike twice. They were the first and last faculty strikes in the university's history.
She currently serves National Executive Director of the American Society of the University of Haifa.
# Jalan Sungai Menyala

Jalan Sungai Menyala (Negeri Sembilan state route N8) is a major road in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. There are many Malaysian Army camps along this road. The Malaysian Army Museum is located along this road.

## List of junctions

| Km | Junctions | To | Remarks |
| | Port Dickson Si Rusa | Northwest FT 5 Port Dickson FT 5 Klang FT 53 Seremban Southeast FT 5 Teluk Kemang FT 5 Melaka Si Rusa Rest and Service Area | T-junctions |
| Port Dickson Bandar Tentera Darat (The Army Town) |||||
| | Port Dickson Army Camp | | |
| Pintu Gerbang Port Dickson, Bandar Tentera Darat (Port Dickson, The Army Town Gateway Arch) |||||
| | Port Dickson Army Camp | | |
| | Masjid Depoh Askar Melayu Diraja Port Dickson | | |
| | Malaysian Army Parade Ground | Malaysian Army Parade Ground Malaysian Army Memorial | T-junctions |
| | Port Dickson Army Camp | | |
| | Malaysian Army Museum | Malaysian Army Museum Malaysian Army Memorial | |
| | Kampung Baru Si Rusa | | |
| | Malaysian Army Heroes Cemetery | | |
| | Masjid Kariah Kampung Baru | | |
| | Kor Armor Diraja Base | | |
| | Kampung Baru | | |
| | Malaysian Army Rifle Range | | |
| Port Dickson Bandar Tentera Darat (The Army Town) |||||
| | Sua Betong | FT 219 Sua Betong–Sunggala Highway North Seremban–Port Dickson Highway Seremban–Port Dickson Highway FT 53 Seremban North–South Expressway Southern Route AH2 Kuala Lumpur North–South Expressway Southern Route AH2 Johor Bahru (Touch 'n Go and SmartTAG ETC only) South FT 5 Teluk Kemang FT 5 Melaka | Junctions |
| | Malaysian Army Rifle Range | | |
| | Sua Betong | | |
| | Sungai Menyala | | |
| | Kampung Baru Sungai Menyala | | |
| | Sungai Linggi bridge | | |
| | Kampung Barisan | | |
| | Taman Barisan | | |
| | Ayer Kuning | N7 Jalan Rantau North Rantau Siliau Seremban Southeast Linggi Lubuk China Melaka | T-junctions |
* This Malaysia road article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# L. A. Govindaraghava Aiyar

Diwan Bahadur Lalpet Arunachala Govindaraghava Aiyar (1867-1935) was an Indian lawyer, theosophist, Indian independence activist and politician.

## Early life and education

Govindaraghava Aiyar was born in the town of Chittoor. He graduated in arts and studied law from Madras Law College. Govindaraghava Aiyar became a non-officiating member of the Madras Legislative Council on January 9, 1903.
In 1911, Govindaraghava Aiyar was made judge of the Madras High Court and served from 1911 to 1931. He also served as Vice-President of the Madras Mahajana Sabha and was elected President of the National Liberal Federation in 1921. Govindaraghava Aiyar was one of the trustees of Pachaiyappa's College from 1911 to 1918.

## Honours

Govindaraghava Aiyar was given the title Diwan Bahadur in 1906.
# Heinrich Kaminski

Heinrich Kaminski (4 July 1886 - 21 June 1946) was a German composer.

## Life

Kaminski was born in Tiengen in the Schwarzwald, the son of an Old Catholic priest of Jewish parentage. After a short period working in a bank in Offenbach, he moved to Heidelberg, originally to study politics. However, a chance meeting with Martha Warburg changed his mind: she recognised his musical gift and became his patroness. In 1909 he went to Berlin and began studying music at the Stern Conservatoire, piano with Severin Eisenberger.
In 1914 he began work as a piano teacher in Benediktbeuern. His friends and contemporaries at this time included the painter Emil Nolde and also Franz Marc, whose wife was among his piano students.
In 1916 he married Friederike Mathilde Jopp the daughter of Karl and Marie Jopp (born Schad). Friederike or Elfriede as Kaminski called her, was a singer in Munich.
During World War I Kaminski was also active as a choirmaster and teacher of composition. Later he received a professorship at the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin, where he became director of a master class in composition (thus treading in the footsteps of Hans Pfitzner). His most significant pupils were Carl Orff, Heinz Schubert and Reinhard Schwarz-Schilling.
His contract was terminated in 1933 with no renewal on the grounds of his "political opinions" and he returned to Benediktbeuern. Various attempts to re-establish his career came to nothing for the same reason. A check of his ancestry - he had been categorised in 1938 as a "half-Jew", and in 1941 declared a "quarter-Jew" - led to an ongoing ban on the performance of his works. He found himself obliged to flee, to France and Switzerland among other places.
Between 1939 and 1945 he lost three children, and died himself in 1946 at Ried, Bavaria.

## Works

His works includes chorales, concertos, songs, choral sonatas, motets and other choral works, as well as operas.
* Operas:
** Das Spiel vom König Aphelius ("The Game of King Aphelius")
* Choral sonatas:
** Psalm 130
** Der Tag ist hin ("The Day Is Ended")
* Concerto grosso
# Severson

Severson is a surname. The following notable people have this surname:
* Ben Severson, pioneer in the sport of bodyboarding and Sandy Beach local
* Cam Severson (born 1978), Canadian professional ice hockey centre
* Damon Severson (born 1994), Canadian ice hockey player
* Dan Severson (born 1954), American politician
* Edward Louis Severson (born 1964), American musician and singer-songwriter
* Erik Severson (born 1974), Wisconsin politician and legislator
* Glen A. Severson (born 1949), former justice of the South Dakota Supreme Court
* Herman J. Severson (1869–1950), Wisconsin politician and jurist
* Jeff Severson (born 1949), former American football safety in the National Football League
* John Severson (1933–2017), American editor, author, filmmaker and artist
* Kim Severson (born 1961), writer at the New York Times
* Kimberly Severson (born 1973), international equestrian
* Paul Severson (1929–2007), American music arranger and composer
* Rich Severson (1945–2016), former Major League Baseball shortstop
* Richard Severson, Brigadier General in the United States Air Force
# Holin superfamily VII

The Holin superfamily VII is a superfamily of integral membrane transport proteins. It is one of the seven different holin superfamilies in total. In general, these proteins are thought to play a role in regulated cell death, although functionality varies between families and individual members.
The Holin superfamily VII includes one TC family:
Superfamily VII consists of family TC# 1.E.36, which has six subfamilies, all distantly related to each other. Reddy and Saier (2013) found that there was also some indication that this family could possibly be related to the SPP1 Holin family (TC# 1.E.31) and the 2/3 Holin family (TC# 1.E.33). These three families share the characteristics that they consist of members that are of about the same sizes and have 2 transmembrane segments (TMSs). There is however an exception; subfamily 6 (TC# 1.E.36.6) includes proteins displaying 4 putative TMSs.