OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# LDN 1641

LDN 1641 or Lynds 1641 is a dark cloud in the constellation Orion. It encompasses a large part of the Orion A molecular cloud in the Orion molecular cloud complex, which is the closest giant molecular cloud to earth. At its northern end it is connected to the Orion Nebula and at its southern end it is connected to the dark cloud LDN 1647. LDN 1641 contains more than a thousand young stellar objects (YSOs). It is a relative low density star-forming region without any massive O- or B-type stars that could disturb the formation of young stars with their ultraviolet radiation. This means that researchers can study star formation that is happening in a very different environment when compared to the Orion Nebula.
Star-formation began in Lynds 1641 about 2-3 million years ago. About 50% of the YSOs in Lynds 1641 have circumstellar disks of which many were directly imaged with ALMA. The YSOs have a large fraction (21%) of so-called transitional disks, which are disks with a gap. Many of the directly imaged disks of other stars appearing in news coverage are in much closer star-forming regions, such as the Scorpius-Centaurus association. The disks will appear much smaller in ALMA images because of the 4 times larger distance compared to such a region.
Lynds 1641 has a strong distance gradient. The southern part of the cloud lies at around 428±10 parsec and the Orion Nebula lies at 388±5 parsecs according to VLBA observations. Gaia data has shown that the stars of Orion A follow a trend towards a closer distance at the northern part of the dark cloud. A distance of about 453 parsecs for the southern end of LDN 1641 and a distance of about 383 parsecs at the northern end of LDN 1641 was measured with Gaia.
Other nebulae overlap with Lynds 1641 and are associated with it, such as NGC 1999, IC 427/428, IC 429/430, HH34 and HH 1/2.

## Gallery

* Orion Nebula (top bright cloud) and Lynds 1641 (bottom dark clouds) with the Digitized Sky Survey 2
* Orion A (bottom) with Herschel. Yellow points of the bottom cloud show the position of young stellar objects in Lynds 1641. The bottom three disks are in Lynds 1641.
* Herschel Space Observatory image of Lynds 1641 (orange) and the Orion Nebula (middle circle, white) and Sh2-279 (top circle, white).
# LDO

LDO may refer to:
* Limited duty officer
* Low-dropout regulator
* London Designer Outlet, a shopping centre in London
# LORAN-C transmitter Searchlight

35°19′18.31″N 114°48′16.88″W﻿ / ﻿35.3217528°N 114.8046889°W﻿ / 35.3217528; -114.8046889 LORAN-C transmitter Searchlight was the Yankee secondary of the U.S. West Coast LORAN-C Chain (GRI 9940) and the Whiskey secondary of the South Central U.S. Chain (GRI 9610). The station, established in 1976, consisted of four 700-foot (210 m) transmission towers. It transmitted 540 kW from 13.5 miles (21.7 km) south of Searchlight, Nevada. There were five active duty and 2 reserve duty Coast Guard personnel stationed at LORSTA Searchlight. The station's Officer in Charge was a Chief Electronics Technician.
The station was closed on February 8, 2010, as a budget cut. The station, and all of the others, were considered to be obsolete with the general availability of GPS systems.
The four masts were demolished.
# Kyree

Kyree is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Kyree King (born 1994), American sprinter
* Kyree Walker (born 2000), American basketball player
# Francesco Colombo

Francesco Colombo may refer to:
* Francesco Colombo (gymnast)
* Francesco Colombo (soldier)
# Bajarwan (Syria)

Bājarwān was a small town or village in the Balikh River valley inhabited during the early Islamic period, located between Raqqa and Tall Mahra. It is attested in textual sources until the 10th century and probably peaked during the early Abbasid period, in the late 8th/early 9th centuries. Karin Bartl has identified it with the present-day sites of Tall Dāmir al-Sharqī and Tall Dāmir al-Gharbī on opposite sides of the river. Neither one has been explored by archaeologists.
# L'antimiracolo

L'antimiracolo is a 1965 Italian documentary film directed by Elio Piccon [it]. It won the Golden Lion Award at the 26th Venice Film Festival.

## Synopsis

The events unfold in San Nicandro Garganico, a backward and impoverished town, also bordered by a lake. The plot follows two stories of fishermen. The first, with money earned abroad, aims to build a new sandalo. The sandalo is a boat with which the fisherman Nicandro will attempt to navigate and open, in the muddy and algae-infested waters of the lagoon, a "path" for fishing. In the local dialect, this path is called carrara. Extracting carrare by chance means having a good spot to cast nets, ensuring an abundance of food. However, Nicandro's fate will be cruel: under the sun, immersed in the mud, he loses his life desperately drowning in the lagoon.
The second fisherman, Zaruccio, tries to change his life in an almost absurd way. With the help of his family, he attempts to build a field from the lagoon. After months of hard work, where he brings soil tirelessly, the small field emerges from the water. However, even in this case, a tragic fate befalls him. Seasonal storms arrive, and in a single day, the field is destroyed. Once again, nature prevails over man's hard work, and anger, pain, and tears take over.
# Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (disambiguation)

There have been three U.S. Supreme Court cases titled Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt:
* Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (2003), 538 U.S. 488 (2003)
* Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (2016), 578 U.S. ___ (2016)
* Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (2019), 587 U.S. ___ (2019)
# Haukeland

Haukeland is a surname, likely of Norwegian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andreas Haukeland (born 1993), better known as Tix, Norwegian singer
* Arnold Haukeland (1920-1983), Norwegian sculptor
* Henrik Haukeland (born 1994), Norwegian professional ice hockey player
* Mons Haukeland (1892-1983), Norwegian gymnastics teacher and military officer
# Agrostis humilis

Agrostis humilis is a species of grass known by the common names of mountain bent grass and alpine bentgrass, which can be found in Western United States and Canada.

## Description

The plant perennial and caespitose while it culms are 5–10 centimetres (2.0–3.9 in) long. The eciliate membrane have a 0.5–1 millimetre (0.020–0.039 in) long ligule which is also both erose and truncate. It have filiformed and flat leaf-blades which are 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in) long and 0.5–1 millimetre (0.020–0.039 in) wide. The panicle is inflorescenced and is 1.5–2.5 centimetres (0.59–0.98 in) by 0.5 centimetres (0.20 in) and is linear with the main branches being appressed. Spikelets are 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long and are both elliptic and solitary. They also carry both a pediceled fertile spikelet and one fertile floret which have a hairless callus.
The glumes are 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long, lanceolate, membranous and have acute apexes. Fertile lemma is of the same size as glumes and is both elliptic and hyaline. It have hyaline palea which is 0.66–0.75 millimetres (0.026–0.030 in) long with rhachilla is extended at 0–0.15 millimetres (0.0000–0.0059 in). Flowers are membranous and 0.3 millimetres (0.012 in) long with two lodicules. They also have three stamens which are 0.6–0.7 millimetres (0.024–0.028 in) long with fruits being caryopses, having an additional pericarp and linear. hilum.

## Conservation

In California, the plant is considered endangered.
# Runcinia grammica

Runcinia grammica (sometimes also referred to as Runcinia lateralis) is a species of spiders of the genus Runcinia, with a distribution of "Europa, Near East to Iran, Russia, Central Asia, China, Japan. Introduced to St. Helena, South Africa."
The species generally lives in peat bogs, fens, and meadows, although it has also been known to inhabit urban areas They usually mature to adulthood in the summer. They have short, broad bodies, which are covered in hair and spines. They have clear muscular corrugation on their sides, and, on small raised bumps on their heads, eight small eyes. Males are usually 2.5–3.5mm in length, females 4-6mm. They are predators, and eat various species of insects.
Unlike many spiders, they do not spin a web of any kind. Instead, they prowl on the ground, as well as climbing plants and flowers, to find their prey. They can move forwards, backwards, and sideways.
Runcina grammica has reportedly been sighted in various areas of Southeastern Spain and Southwestern Portugal. They are also known to inhabit Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Caucasus, Italy, India, South Africa, St. Helena, Turkey, France, and in the Carpathian Basin. They are among the most common species of spiders in Portugal. They are one of the many species preserved at the Mountain Zebra National Park, in South Africa.
# Chris Weddle

Christopher James Weddle (born 1983) is a bodhrán player and instructor. He has taught workshops nationwide including Mountain View Arkansas, the Dublin Irish Festival, SE Missouri State University, Westminster College and in his home town of St. Louis Missouri.
Chris Weddle has represented the United States in the Fleadh Cheoil na hÉireann seven times, winning Silver and Bronze Medals in the All Ireland in the solo competitions as well as a gold medal in the Grapaí Cheoil. He has performed in Canada, Ireland, throughout the United States, he has opened for various artists such as the Chieftains, and has played before the U.S. Congress. He has recorded several CDs consisting of traditional Irish music as well as rock and bluegrass. In recognition of his accomplishments, he has received the highest Congressional award given to civilians - the Congressional Award gold medal which was presented to him in June 2002 in Washington, D.C. He graduated from Webster University in 2006 with a degree in Film Production and is son of Jim Weddle, managing partner for Edward Jones Investments.
# Demetrida karimui

Demetrida karimui is a species of ground beetle in the Lebiinae subfamily. It was described by Darlington in 1971 and is endemic to New Guinea.
# All Saints' Church, Hoole

All Saints Church, Hoole, is in Hoole Road, Hoole, Chester, Cheshire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the diocese of Chester, and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The church was built in 1867 to a design by S. W. Dawkes. In 1911 a vestry was added. The following year the south aisle was built; it was designed by John Douglas in collaboration with F. (or J.) Walley, but not completed until after Douglas' death. The furnishing of the church was reordered in the later part of the 20th century by Graham Holland.

## Architecture

The church is built in red sandstone with grey-green slate roofs. Its plan consists of a five-bay nave with north and south aisles, all under separate roofs, a chancel, a southwest tower with a broach spire, a flat roofed vestry at the southeast, and a north porch with a gable. The windows have plate tracery.

### Bells

The tower holds a ring of six bells hung for full circle ringing. The five original bells were cast by John Warner & Sons of Cripplegate and bear inscriptions dating their casting to 1867 (third and fourth) and 1868 (second, fifth and tenor). The tenor bell weighs approximately 7½ cwt (840 lb or ~380 kg) and is in the note of B. A new treble, cast by Mears & Stainbank of Whitechapel, was installed in 1925 completing the ring of six.
# Bermondsey (parish)

Bermondsey (also known as St. Mary Magdalen, Bermondsey) was a parish in the metropolitan area of London, England.
The ancient parish was part of Hundred of Brixton and County of Surrey. In 1855, it was included in the area of responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works (MBW). The act, establishing the MBW, also incorporated a new elected local authority for the parish known as The Vestry of the Parish of Bermondsey in the County of Surrey.
The population of the parish in 1896 was 84,632, and it had adopted the Public Libraries Act 1850 in 1887. For electoral purposes, the parish was divided into four wards and had 120 elected vestrymen.
In 1889, the area of the Metropolitan Board was reconstituted as the County of London, and Bermondsey was transferred to the new county. In 1900, the County of London was divided into twenty-eight metropolitan boroughs. The parish became the core part of the Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey, which also covered the parish of Rotherhithe, and the area of the St Olave's District Board of Works (consisting of the two parishes of Southwark St John Horsleydown and Southwark St Olave and St Thomas). A borough council replaced the vestries and board, and in 1904, all four parishes in the borough were merged as the single civil parish of Bermondsey.

## Ecclesiastical parish

The ancient parish, dedicated to St Mary Magdalene and centred on the church of St Mary Magdalen Bermondsey, was in the Diocese of Winchester until 1877, then the Diocese of Rochester until 1905, and then finally in the Diocese of Southwark. From 1840, as the population of Bermondsey increased, a number of new parishes were formed:
* St James, Bermondsey in 1840
* Christ Church, Bermondsey in 1845
* St Paul, Bermondsey in 1846
* St Anne, Bermondsey in 1871
* St Crispin, Bermondsey in 1875
* St Augustine of Hippo, South Bermondsey in 1878
* St Andrew, Bermondsey in 1882
* St Luke, Bermondsey in 1885.
In addition, as the population of neighbouring Camberwell increased, parts of Bermondsey parish were included in the new parish of
* St Philip, Avondale Square in 1876 with parts of St Giles, Camberwell

## Politics

Under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 any parish that exceeded 2,000 ratepayers was to be divided into wards; as such the incorporated vestry of St Mary Magdalen Bermondsey was divided into four wards (electing vestrymen): No. 1 (9), No. 2 (9), No. 3 (9) and No. 4 (9).
In 1894 as its population had increased the incorporated vestry was re-divided into six wards (electing vestrymen): No. 1 (21), No. 2 (24), No. 3 (21), No. 4 (21), No. 5 (18) and No. 6 (15).
# Ailuropoda microta

Ailuropoda microta is the earliest known ancestor of the giant panda. It measured 1 m (3 ft) in length; the modern giant panda grows to a size in excess of 1.5 m (5 ft). Wear patterns on its teeth suggest it lived on a diet of bamboo, the primary food of the giant panda. The first discovered skull of the animal in a south China limestone cave is estimated to be 2 million years old. The skull found is about half the size of a modern-day giant panda, but is anatomically very similar. This research suggests that the giant panda has evolved for more than 3 million years as a completely separate lineage from that of other bears.
# Ailwyn Fellowes, 1st Baron Ailwyn

Ailwyn Edward Fellowes, 1st Baron Ailwyn KCVO KBE PC DL (10 November 1855 – 23 September 1924) was a British businessman, farmer and Conservative politician. He was a member of Arthur Balfour's cabinet as President of the Board of Agriculture between March and December 1905.

## Background and education

Fellowes was born at Haveringland Hall, Norfolk, the younger son of Edward Fellowes (later Baron de Ramsey) and Mary Julia, daughter of George Milles, 4th Baron Sondes. William Fellowes, 2nd Baron de Ramsey, was his elder brother. He was educated at Eton and Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He trained as a barrister, but never qualified, turning instead to agriculture and politics. He inherited Honingham Hall in Norfolk from his aunt in 1887 and devoted much of his time to running and improving it.

## Political career

Fellowes unsuccessfully contested Mid Norfolk in 1885 and North Norfolk in 1886 but won Ramsey in 1887 in a by-election following his brother's succession to the peerage. He held office under Lord Salisbury as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household between 1895 and 1900 and under Salisbury and Arthur Balfour as a Lord of the Treasury between 1900 and 1905. In March 1905 he was sworn of the Privy Council and appointed President of the Board of Agriculture by Balfour, with a seat in the cabinet, a post he held until the government fell in December 1905.
Between 1917 and 1919 Fellowes was chairman of the Agricultural Wages Board and deputy director of Food Production. Apart from his involvement in national politics he was chairman of Norfolk County Council from 1920, having been an alderman for many years. Fellowes was made a deputy lieutenant of Norfolk in 1909. He was appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in 1911, after serving as deputy president of the Royal Agricultural Show to The King (George V), and a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1917. In the 1921 Birthday Honours he was raised to the peerage as Baron Ailwyn, of Honingham in the County of Norfolk.

## Business career

Fellowes was also director of the London and North Eastern Railway, Norwich Union and the National Provident Association and deputy chairman of the Great Eastern Railway.

## Family

Lord Ailwyn married Agatha Eleanor Augusta, daughter of Hedworth Jolliffe, 2nd Baron Hylton, at St Paul's Church, Knightsbridge, on 9 February 1886. They had four sons:
* Ronald Townshend Fellowes, 2nd Baron Ailwyn (7 December 1886 – 30 August 1936)
* Eric William Edward Fellowes, 3rd Baron Ailwyn (24 November 1887 – 23 March 1976)
* Capt. Hedworth George Ailwyn Fellowes (10 July 1891 – 12 May 1917), killed in the First World War.
* Carol Arthur Fellowes, 4th Baron Ailwyn (23 November 1896 – 27 September 1988)
Lord Ailwyn died at Honingham Hall in September 1924, aged 68, and was buried in the grounds of the local church. Lady Ailwyn died in July 1938.
# Joginiya-1

Joginiya-1 is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3319 people living in 565 individual households.
# Ainaži Lighthouse

Ainaži Lighthouse (Latvian: Ainažu bāka) is a lighthouse located in Ainaži on the Bay of Riga - of the Baltic Sea.

## History

The Ainahi lighthouse was built in 1930, originally serving as a guide for the nearby Ainaži port and harbour. During World War II, the harbour was bombarded by German bombers; causing the village to lose its processing factory and fishing importance - therefore making the lighthouse insignificant. The village, port and harbour were rebuilt under Soviet control - bringing back the importance of the lighthouse. The lighthouse was reconstructed and furthermore renovated in the 1990s. Currently the lighthouse is a key landmark for the nearby villages.
# Jitu (disambiguation)

Jitu is a village in Iran
Jitu or Jeetu may also refer to:

## Places

* Jitu, Siliguri, a census town in Darjeeling district, India

## People with the given name

* Jitu Jirati (born 1976), an Indian politician
* Jitu Patnaik, an Indian politician
* Jitu Patwari (born 1973), Indian politician
* Jitu Rai (born 1996), Indian shooter of Nepalese origin
* Jitu Soni (born 1969), Tanzanian CCM politician
* Jitu Vaghani (born 1970), an Indian politician
* Jitu Weusi (1939–2013), an American educator, education advocate, author, a community leader, writer, activist, mentor, jazz and art program promoter
* Jeetu Nepal, a Nepali stand-up comedian
* Jeetu Verma, a Bollywood actor
# Joan Vila-Grau

Joan Vila i Grau (14 August 1932 – 11 November 2022) was a Spanish painter and stained-glass artist.

## Biography

The son of artist Antoni Vila Arrufat, Vila-Grau studied at the Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Barcelona [es] from 1950 to 1955, although he eventually practiced painting. Interested in liturgical art, he specialized in stained glass for religious buildings, notably with the Sagrada Família in Barcelona. He created art alongside Joan Miró.
Vila-Grau established himself as a theoretician, founding the magazine Qüestions d'Art. He also wrote works such as Els vitrallers de la Barcelona modernista, Descoberta de la taula de vitraller de Girona, El vitrall renaixentista, Le vitrail dans l'architecture de Gaudí.
Vila-Grau was the director of the Instituto del Vitral in Barcelona, a member of the Reial Acadèmia Catalana de Belles Arts de Sant Jordi, and a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences and Arts of Barcelona [es]. In 2010, he received the Creu de Sant Jordi from the Generalitat de Catalunya.
Joan Vila-Grau died in Barcelona on 11 November 2022, at the age of 90.
# Air Creation BioniX

The Air Creation BioniX is a French double-surface ultralight trike wing, designed and produced by Air Creation of Aubenas. The wing is widely used on Air Creation trikes.

## Design and development

The wing is a cable-braced, king post-equipped hang glider-style wing designed as advanced, top-of-the-line wing for two-place trikes. It comes in two sizes, 13 m$^2$ (140 sq ft) and 15.1 m$^2$ (163 sq ft).
The wing is made from bolted-together aluminium tubing, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. In its 15.1 m size it has a 9.85 m (32.3 ft) span wing, a nose angle of 130°, an aspect ratio of 6.4:1 and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The wing mounts small winglets. The design incorporates a unique "corset" system that allows the pilot to adjust the wing's trailing edge geometry in flight to optimize performance. This results in a large speed range and good handling characteristics in turbulence, without heavy roll control.

## Variants
### BioniX 13

    13 m$^2$ (140 sq ft) wing area version

### BioniX 15

    15.1 m$^2$ (163 sq ft) wing area version

## Applications

* Air Creation Tanarg
* Air Creation Skypper

## Specifications (BioniX 15)

Data from Bayerl and Air Creation
General characteristics
* Wingspan: 9.85 m (32 ft 4 in)
* Wing area: 15.1 m$^2$ (163 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 6.4:1
* Empty weight: 56 kg (123 lb) wing weight
* Gross weight: 472.5 kg (1,042 lb) maximum aircraft gross weight allowed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 157 km/h (98 mph, 85 kn)
* Cruise speed: 135 km/h (84 mph, 73 kn)
* Stall speed: 55 km/h (34 mph, 30 kn)
* Wing loading: 31.29 kg/m$^2$ (6.41 lb/sq ft) maximum
# Air Command Commander Side-By-Side

The Air Command Commander Side-By-Side is an American autogyro designed and produced by Air Command International of Caddo Mills, Texas. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

## Design and development

The Commander Side-By-Side provides an unusual gyroplane design in that it has side-by-side configuration seating. The gyroplane was designed to comply with the US Experimental - Amateur-built rules. It features a single main rotor, a two-seat open cockpit without a windshield, tricycle landing gear and a four-cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, 115 hp (86 kW) Subaru EJ22 automotive conversion engine in pusher configuration driving the propeller though a Gilmer belt reduction drive.
The aircraft's 29 ft (8.8 m) diameter Rotordyne rotor has a chord of 8 in (20.3 cm). The Side-By-Side has an empty weight of 485 lb (220 kg) and a gross weight of 926 lb (420 kg), giving a useful load of 441 lb (200 kg). Optional equipment available includes a folding mast, hydraulic wheel brakes and an electric trim system.

## Specifications (Commander Side-By-Side)

Data from Bayerl
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Empty weight: 485 lb (220 kg)
* Gross weight: 926 lb (420 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 10 U.S. gallons (38 L; 8.3 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Subaru EJ22 four cylinder, air-cooled, four stroke automotive conversion, 115 hp (86 kW)
* Main rotor diameter: 29 ft 0 in (8.85 m)
* Propellers: 3-bladed composite
Performance
* Maximum speed: 99 mph (160 km/h, 86 kn)
* Cruise speed: 75 mph (120 km/h, 65 kn)