OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Decentralized partially observable Markov decision process

The decentralized partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP) is a model for coordination and decision-making among multiple agents. It is a probabilistic model that can consider uncertainty in outcomes, sensors and communication (i.e., costly, delayed, noisy or nonexistent communication).
It is a generalization of a Markov decision process (MDP) and a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) to consider multiple decentralized agents.

## Definition
### Formal definition

A Dec-POMDP is a 7-tuple $(S,\{A_{i}\},T,R,\{\Omega _{i}\},O,\gamma )$, where
* $S$ is a set of states,
* $A_{i}$ is a set of actions for agent $i$, with $A=\times _{i}A_{i}$ is the set of joint actions,
* $T$ is a set of conditional transition probabilities between states, $T(s,a,s')=P(s'\mid s,a)$,
* $R:S\times A\to \mathbb {R}$ is the reward function.
* $\Omega _{i}$ is a set of observations for agent $i$, with $\Omega =\times _{i}\Omega _{i}$ is the set of joint observations,
* $O$ is a set of conditional observation probabilities $O(s',a,o)=P(o\mid s',a)$, and
* $\gamma \in [0,1]$ is the discount factor.
At each time step, each agent takes an action $a_{i}\in A_{i}$, the state updates based on the transition function $T(s,a,s')$ (using the current state and the joint action), each agent observes an observation based on the observation function $O(s',a,o)$ (using the next state and the joint action) and a reward is generated for the whole team based on the reward function $R(s,a)$. The goal is to maximize expected cumulative reward over a finite or infinite number of steps. These time steps repeat until some given horizon (called finite horizon) or forever (called infinite horizon). The discount factor $\gamma$ maintains a finite sum in the infinite-horizon case ($\gamma \in [0,1)$).
# Greg Brown

Gregory Brown may refer to:

## Art

* Greg Brown (painter) (1951–2014), American painter from Palo Alto, California
* F Gregory Brown (1887–1941), British artist

## Music

* Greg Brown (folk musician) (born 1949), American folk musician
* Greg Brown (rock musician), original guitarist for the band Cake
* Gregory Brown, classical pianist and member of The 5 Browns
* Gregory W. Brown (born 1974), American composer
* Greg Brown, disc jockey for WLS-FM in Chicago

## Sports

* Greg Brown (American football coach) (born 1957), defense coach for the Arizona Wildcats
* Greg Brown (defensive lineman) (1957–2020), retired American football defensive lineman
* Greg Brown (Australian rules footballer) (born 1943), premiership player
* Greg Brown (baseball coach) (born 1980), American baseball coach
* Greg Brown (basketball, born 1972) (1972–2024), American basketball coach and former player
* Greg Brown III (born 2001), American basketball player
* Greg Brown (footballer, born 1962), former All White and Socceroo
* Greg Brown (footballer, born 1978), English association football player
* Greg Brown (ice hockey) (born 1968), retired NHL athlete
* Greg Brown (sportscaster), announcer for the Pittsburgh Pirates

## Other

* Gregory S. Brown (born 1968), American historian
* Greg Brown (businessman) (born 1960), CEO of Motorola Solutions
* Gregg Brown (born 1972), English cricketer
* Gregory Brown, religious name of George Brown (died 1618), English Benedictine and prior
# XHTY-FM

XHTY-FM may refer to:
* XHTY-FM (Baja California), a radio station in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
* XHTY-FM (Colima), a radio station in Tecomán, Colima, Mexico
# Lecithocera duplicata

Lecithocera duplicata is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by László Anthony Gozmány in 1978. It is found in Zhejiang, China.
# Cyperus luerssenii

Cyperus luerssenii is a species of sedge that is endemic to north eastern parts of Australia.
The species was first formally described by the botanist Johann Otto Boeckeler in 1875.
# CTLD

CTLD or cTLD can refer to
* C-type lectin-like domain
* Country code top-level domain
* A configuration object in the IBM i Library standing for "controller description".
# Kyle Alcorn

Kyle Scott Alcorn (born March 18, 1985) is an American track and field athlete. As a long distance runner, Alcorn experienced most of his professional success in the steeplechase, an event in which he represented the United States at the 2012 Olympics in London, England.
As a prep, Alcorn ran for Buchanan High School in Clovis, California. He won the 3200 meters at the CIF California State Meet as a junior in 2001, but placed second to Tim Nelson in the same event the next year as a senior despite improving his time by seven seconds.
Alcorn went on to run at the collegiate level for the University of Oregon where he helped the cross country team win the PAC-10 championship in 2003. On the track, he became the US junior champion in the steeplechase in 2004, which in turn led to a 16th-place finish at the 2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics. Despite his success, Alcorn transferred to Arizona State University for his remaining years of NCAA eligibility, during which he won the 2008 NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship in the steeplechase, as well as the 2008 NCAA Men's Indoor Track and Field title for the 3000 meters. In that same year, he qualified for the 2008 US Olympic Trials in the steeplechase but failed to qualify for the Olympics with an 11th-place finish.
After turning professional, Alcorn received sponsorship from Nike and was coached by Louie Quintana. He finished third at the 2009 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships and represented the US in that year's World Championships; but failed to advance out of the qualifying heats. In 2012, Alcorn qualified for the 2012 Olympics by placing third in the United States Olympic Trials and achieving the Olympic A standard time.
# Greg Evans (cartoonist)

Greg Evans (born November 13, 1947) is an American cartoonist and the creator of the syndicated comic strip Luann. He received the 2003 National Cartoonists Society Reuben Award for the strip. He has been nominated four other times for the same award.

## Career

In 100 Years of American Newspaper Comics, Dennis Wepman wrote that Evans "taught junior and senior high school art in his native California, worked as promotion manager and graphic artist for a TV station in Colorado, and entertained with a robot at trade shows and fairs before he sold Luann to News America Syndicate in 1984."
Evans wrote a musical based on Luann, Luann: Scenes in a Teen's Life, which debuted March 2008 at Palomar College in San Marcos, California. It was directed by Dana Case.
Prior to Luann, Evans published the comic strip Fogarty, distributed free to high school newspapers. It featured the character Mr. Fogarty, who continues in the same role as a character in Luann.
In 2005, Evans was awarded the Inkpot Award.
Evans is a graduate of California State University, Northridge.

## Personal life

Evans lives in San Marcos, California, near San Diego. With his wife Betty he has three children, including daughter Karen, whose own experiences as a teenager influenced Luann. He also has two grandchildren. They are named Julie and Eric.
One of Evans' children, Rhonda, born around the time Evans had met his wife in college, was put up for adoption. 30 years later, Rhonda discovered that she was adopted. When reading the Sunday comics, she realized that an artist's name matched the name on her adoption papers. She contacted Evans, who was shocked. Evans and his wife eventually met Rhonda, whose story was told in an episode of the PAX-TV series, It's a Miracle.
# Danny Montano

Danny Montano is a politician from Trinidad and Tobago. He was first elected as a member of the Senate of Trinidad and Tobago on 27 November 1995, and became Minister of Housing on 26 December 2001. On 15 October 2002 he became Minister of Science, Technology and Tertiary Education, stepping down on 9 November 2003 to become Minister of Legal Affairs a day later. On 14 May 2005 he was appointed Minister of Labour and Small and Micro Enterprise Development, and since 17 December 2007 has been President of the Senate.
# Decepticoaster

The Decepticoaster (Chinese: 霸天虎过山车) is a launched roller coaster located at Universal Studios Beijing within the Universal Beijing Resort. The ride opened to the public on 20 September 2021, with the park.

## History

On 13 October 2014, Universal Parks & Resorts CEO Thomas L. Williams announced a deal to construct a Universal Studios park in Beijing, with the park's attractions yet to be announced. In October 2020, Universal Parks & Resorts posted a video which detailed most of Universal Studios Beijing's attractions. The video confirmed the addition of the Decepticoaster, similar to The Incredible Hulk Coaster at Universal's Islands of Adventure. The roller coaster opened to the public on 20 September 2021 with the park.

## Ride experience

The train (the vehicle mode for an Autobot simply named Coaster) launches from 0 to 40 mph (0 to 64 km/h) in 2 seconds at an upward angle through the belly of a Decepticon Driller (a tunnel with special effects and lighting). The train then enters a zero-g roll and plunges down a 105-foot (32 m) drop, reaching its top speed of 67 mph (108 km/h), and then enters a cobra roll, followed by a vertical loop. The train then enters a small cave. Once exiting the cave, the train enters a corkscrew and another vertical loop before entering the mid-course brake run descending another hill into another corkscrew and a turn-around. The train then tilts sideways as the train enters a helix, which ends at the coaster's final brake run.
# Charles and Mary Lohr House

The Charles and Mary Lohr House, at 1705 State Ave. in Estelline, South Dakota, was built in 1901. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
It was built in 1901 for Charles and Mary Lohr, early settlers in Hamlin County, who had gotten married in 1882. It is now one of the oldest houses of Estelline, and is a blend of Queen Anne, vernacular revival and Colonial Revival styles.
# Lek

Lek or LEK may refer to:
* Lek mating, of animals
* Albanian lek, currency
* Lek (magazine), Norway
* Lek (pharmaceutical company), now part of Sandoz
* Lek (river), Netherlands
* De Lek, Netherlands fiefdom
* L.E.K. Consulting, firm
* Leung King stop, Hong Kong (by MTR station code)
* Tata Airport, Guinea (by IATA code)
* Lek, เล็ก, a Thai name or nickname, meaning little
** private nickname of King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand
** Lek Nana, 1924 – 2010, Thai businessman
** Lek Viriyaphant, or Khun Lek, 1914 - 2000, Thai businessman
# Cyperus longus

Cyperus longus is a species of sedge known by the common names of sweet cyperus and water rush in Africa, or in Britain galingale (a variant name of galangal, an unrelated plant).

## Description

It is a tall plant, growing up to one metre (3 ft 3 in) in height, with creeping rhizomes and erect, triangular stems, each terminating in an inflorescence. The species grows in shallow water or on damp ground, such as at pond edges.
The holotype was collected in Italy.

## Distribution

It is a widespread species found across Africa, southern Europe, the Indian subcontinent and western Asia. It incidentally occurs in Wallonia as a native. It is also found in western France, south Wales and southern England, where it may or not originally be native. It has recently (since the 1990s) spread northwards to Flanders and the Netherlands where it occurs in scattered adventive populations. It has also been introduced to Tristan da Cunha and Western Australia.

## Subspecies

Cyperus longus L. subsp. longus - the typical subspecies. Loose inflorescence with numerous (2–10) elongated rays (to 35 cm), very uneven, the most elongated bearing inflorescences with rays extending far beyond the median cluster ("épi"). Spikelets 4-25(60) mm. Glumes usually red, with a well-developed hyaline margin.
Cyperus longus subsp. badius (Desf.) Bonnier & Layens - Inflorescence tighter, with few (2–5) short rays (to 5 cm rarely more, not exceeding the median cluster ("épi")), less uneven, heads often quite compact. Spikelets 4–12 mm. Glumes usually somewhat brownish with no or poorly developed hyaline margin, with a similar distribution.

## Uses

The thick, long, yellowish rhizomes of these plants are traditionally harvested to distil a sweet-scented oil which is used in the perfume industry. The stalks were formerly traditionally processed into paper. There were also folk medicines made from this plant in Europe, the rhizomes being used for stomach aches and the onset of dropsy. It is used at present as an ornamental plant, used for lining ponds.
# CUHSD

CUHSD may refer to:
* Campbell Union High School District
* Central Union High School District
* Chowchilla Union High School District
# L'Age D'Or (record label)

L’Age d’Or was a German independent music label based in Hamburg, which has played an important role in creating the Hamburger Schule and was the parent label of Ladomat 2000.
The label was founded in 1988 by Carol von Rautenkranz and Kolossale Jugend guitarist Pascal Fuhlbrügge, who together had already been organizing concerts in the post-NDW music scene of Hamburg for some time. They were joined by Thorsten "Taucher" Weßel from the band Ostzonensuppenwürfelmachenkrebs, who later became a co-owner. Fuhlbrügge left the label in 1993. In 1994 Ladomat 2000 was launched by Charlotte Goltermann as a sublabel to also release electronic music. Both labels went out of business in 2007.
The releases on L'Age D'Or were formative for the Hamburger Schule. Ladomat 2000 reflected this scene's growing interest in rave, techno and house music. Tocotronic, Die Sterne and the house music project Whirlpool Productions reached some commercial success in the mid-nineties.

## L'Age D'Or artists

| beigeGT Boxhamsters Carnival of Souls Das Neue Brot Der schwarze Kanal Die Aeronauten Die-Gants Die Regierung Die Sterne Eagle Seagull Fink Guz | Hallelujah Ding Dong Happy Happy! Huah! Jonas Schorsch Kamerun Kissin Cousins Kolossale Jugend Mastino Milch Ostzonensuppenwürfelmachenkrebs Leichter Teile Hans Platzgumer Pop Goes The Pope Richard von der Schulenburg | Spillsbury Stella Superpunk The Robocop Kraus Tilman Rossmy Timid Tiger Tocotronic Trashmonkeys Von Spar We Smile Workshop Arne Zank solo |

## Ladomat 2000 artists

| Arj Snoek Commercial Breakup Eric D. Clark Egoexpress Forever Sweet | Milch Netto Houz Phantom/Ghost Sensorama | Subtle Tease Turner Whirlpool Productions Remute |

## Sources

* lado.de - official website
* L'Age D'Or discography at Discogs
* Ladomat 2000 discography at Discogs
# Bathgate F.C.

Bathgate Football Club was a football club based at Mill Park in Bathgate, Scotland. The club was a member of the Scottish Football League from 1921 until 1929.

## History

The club was formed in 1893, as the result of a merger of Bathgate Rovers F.C. and Bathgate Athletic F.C., the latter club having split out of the former club at the start of the 1892–93 season, and as a result crippling both clubs. Rovers, who played at Boghead Park, allowed its lease over to expire at the end of the 1892–93 season. Consequently, a meeting was held at the Bathgate Institute, with a view to forming a new club for the town, and it was agreed to set up a fresh club, under the name Bathgate, which would endeavour (successfully) to re-gain use of Boghead, and which was made up of Rovers and Athletic players.
The new club joined the Central Football League and other minor leagues, and moved to Mill Park in 1902. Bathgate returned to the Central League in 1919 and were one of several clubs incorporated into the Scottish Football League Division Two in 1921. The club initially performed well in Division Two, coming close to promotion in 1923–24.
Bathgate soon found themselves dogged by financial problems, however. In 1924, junior club Larkhall Thistle brought a case against Bathgate for poaching their players, as the junior clubs resented the fact senior clubs could take their players without adequate compensation. Finances were further damaged by the severe downturn in gates during the 1926 miners strike. All of the West Lothian league clubs were made unsustainable by the decline of the local coal and shale oil industries. Bathgate resigned from the league in March 1929.
The club continued in the East of Scotland Football League, playing their final fixture on 16 April 1932. The club was formally dissolved in October 1938. Bathgate has since been represented in junior football by Bathgate Thistle.

## Colours

* 1893–1904 Red & white striped shirts, white shorts.
* 1904–1938 Maroon shirts, white shorts.

## League record

| Season | Pl | W | D | L | F | A | Pts | Pos |
| 1921–22 | 38 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 56 | 41 | 43 | 5th |
| 1922–23 | 38 | 16 | 9 | 13 | 67 | 55 | 41 | 5th |
| 1923–24 | 38 | 16 | 12 | 10 | 58 | 49 | 44 | 3rd |
| 1924–25 | 38 | 12 | 10 | 16 | 58 | 74 | 34 | 16th |
| 1925–26 | 38 | 7 | 6 | 25 | 60 | 105 | 20 | 19th |
| 1926–27 | 38 | 13 | 7 | 18 | 76 | 98 | 33 | 17th |
| 1927–28 | 38 | 10 | 11 | 17 | 62 | 81 | 31 | 19th |
| 1928–29 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Bathgate did not complete the 1928–29 season and their results were expunged from the records.

## Players

* Category:Bathgate F.C. players
# Bridgenorth, Tasmania

Bridgenorth is a locality and small rural community in the local government area of West Tamar, in the Western Tamar Valley region of Tasmania. It is located about 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of the town of Launceston. A small part of the locality, about 4.5%, is in the Meander Valley Council area. The 2016 census determined a population of 373 for the state suburb of Bridgenorth.

## History

The locality is believed to be named for Bridgnorth, a town in England. The name was assigned in 1999 and the boundary with Notley Hills was adjusted in 2006.

## Road infrastructure

The C732 route (Bridgenorth Road) runs from the West Tamar Highway, passing through the locality from east to west and providing access to many other localities.
# Greg Evangelatos

Greg Evangelatos is an American para-alpine skier. He represented the United States at the 1984 Winter Paralympics and at the 1992 Winter Paralympics in alpine skiing. In 1992 he won the gold medal in the Men's Giant Slalom B1 event and the silver medal in the Men's Super-G B1 event.
At the Men's Giant Slalom B1 event he was the only competitor to receive a medal.
# Wireless transmission

Wireless transmission may refer to:
* Radio, the wireless transmission of signals through free space by radio waves instead of cables, like telegraphs
* Wireless communication, all types of non-wired communication
* Wireless power, the transmission of electrical energy without man-made conductors
# Lejšovka

Lejšovka is a municipality and village in Hradec Králové District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
# Cyperus lucidus

Cyperus lucidus is a species of sedge that is native to Australia and New Guinea.
The species was first formally described by the botanist Robert Brown in 1810.
# CUJ

CUJ may refer to:

## Education

* Central University of Jharkhand
* Capital University, Jharkhand

## Other

* Consumers Union of Japan
* Critical User Journey, a concept in software user experience design
# Bayındır, Çerkeş

Bayındır is a village in the Çerkeş District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 129 (2021).
# Brian Irvine

Brian Irvine may refer to:
* Brian Irvine (composer) (born 1965), Northern Irish composer
* Brian Irvine (cricketer), South African test cricketer
* Brian Irvine (footballer) (born 1965), Scottish international football player
# Greg Elmore

Gregory Dale Elmore (born September 4, 1946, in the Coronado Naval Air Station, California) is an American drummer, formerly with The Brogues and the San Francisco rock band Quicksilver Messenger Service.
Elmore also played regularly with Terry and the Pirates (Terry Dolan, John Cipollina, etc.) from 1981–1989. Oddly enough, he had shared the same birthdate and year (September 4, 1946) as Quicksilver bandmate and guitarist Gary Duncan, who died in 2019.
# Daphne Karagianis

Daphne Karagianis (born August 31, 1985) is an American racing cyclist, who currently rides for American UCI Continental team DNA Pro Cycling.
# Wireless Amateur Network of Amaliada

The Wireless Amateur Network of Amaliada aka WANA, is a 5.4 GHz wireless network located in Amaliada, Greece. The network links many users from several areas of the town and suburbs as it offers broadband services always by encountering the settings for safe telecommunications as they are defined by Greek National Board of Telecommunications and Posts. There are over 40 similar communities in other Greek cities, a statistic information that makes Greece a pioneer in wireless networking. WANA is a non-commercial, scientific and technological club. The full appellation of it is "Wireless Amateur Network of Amaliada" or in Greek "Ασύρματο Ερασιτεχνικό Δίκτυο Αμαλιάδας" which was established in 2006 with its headquarters placed in Amaliada of Ilia County. At this moment it offers free wireless access to the city community from the more than seven hotspots which they are installed around the city and its suburbs. There is also a core of users in the nearby city of Gastouni that soon will be connected with the network by a dedicated link, the wireless dedicated link with the Wireless Metropolitan Network of Patras lies in its final level.
# Charles Quincy Goodhue

Charles Quincy Goodhue (October 2, 1835 – March 21, 1910) was an American illustrator. Upon retiring as a marble-cutter in 1890, he began to sketch, from memory, scenes of 19th-century Portland, Maine, his hometown. His book, Portland Through Grandfather's Eyes, is now in the possession of the Maine Historical Society.

## Early life

Goodhue was born in Portland, Maine, in 1835, to Richard Shatswell Goodhue and Sarah Wendell Quincy. He was a twin with brother Henry Williams Goodhue.

## Career

Goodhue found work as a marble-cutter at Enoch M. Thompson's Monument Works company on Portland's Preble Street, at its junction with Cumberland Street. He also worked as a firefighter.
When he retired, in 1890, he began to sketch, from memory or printed materials, several scenes of Portland in the 1840s. He put together a book, Portland Through Grandfather's Eyes, which was recreated in 1981 by the Maine Historical Society as Mr. Goodhue Remembers Portland: Scenes from the Mid-19th Century, containing 23 of Goodhue's drawings and one by his great-granddaughter. Many of the buildings and streetscapes depicted in his sketches were destroyed in the Portland fire of 1866.

## Personal life

In 1858, Goodhue married Catherine O'Donnell, with whom he had six known children between 1859 and 1878, including Henrietta Quincy.

## Death

Goodhue died in 1910, aged 74. He was interred in Portland's Evergreen Cemetery. His wife was buried beside him upon her death eight years later.
# Lejunior, Kentucky

Lejunior (also known as Gano) is an unincorporated community in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States. The community is located along Kentucky Route 38 and the Cumberland River 4.3 miles (6.9 km) northeast of Evarts. Lejunior has a post office with ZIP code 40849.
# Cyperus lundellii

Cyperus lundellii is a species of sedge that is native to parts of southern parts of North America and parts of Central America.