OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bartholomew Ledges Wreck

The Bartholomew Ledges Wreck is a wreck found in the late 1970s at St Marys Sound, Isles of Scilly is believed to be that of a mid-sixteenth to early seventeenth century armed cargo vessel. The site was designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act on 23 September 1980. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.

## The wreck

The wreck appears to be an armed cargo ship that grounded on Bartholomew Ledges and foundered. Spanish-type lead ingots likely dating to the sixteenth to early seventeenth century found within the vessel indicate that it is of Iberian origin, and possibly related to the Spanish Armada. Also found on the site were medieval bronze bell fragments that could be traced back to The Lord Nelson public house at Poole, Dorset. Further finds include breech-loading iron guns, anchors, pottery fragments, silver coins dating from 1474 to 1555, a gold seal, barrel spigots, iron and stone shot, buttons, and small lace brass objects.

## Discovery and investigation

The wreck site was found in the 1970s and was salvaged intensively until 1980 when salvage became prohibited after the designation of the wreck.
In 2003 the wreck was subject to an archaeological investigation which included the tagging of artefacts and survey of guns and anchors.

## Identity

It has been suggested that the wreck is that of the ‘Great Levantine’ San Bartolome which was part of the Armada fleet that left Ferrol on 8 October 1597, potentially giving the ledges their name. The fleet of 136 ships carrying 9000 troops sailed under Don Martin de Padilla to intercept an English fleet returning home. A storm sunk 28 ships around 30 miles off the Lizard on 12 October.
Some evidence supports this hypothesis; the small wrought iron breech-loading swivel guns found on the wreck are comparable with those found on sixteenth century Spanish wrecks in the Americas, and the lead ingots recovered are similar to those found on other Armada wrecks in British and Irish waters. The anchors were also consistent with Iberian construction. While archaeological evidence does suggest that the wreck may be of Spanish or Spanish Netherlands origin, no evidence has been found that confirms the wrecks identity as that of San Bartolome.
# Bartholomew Mansel

Bartholomew Mansel was the vicar of the diocese of Antioch, regent of Tripoli, and bishop of Tortosa around 1272, a post he held until 1291.

## Biography

Bartholomew belonged to the important Frankish family of the Mansels in Antioch. He was probably the son of Robert Mansel, who was Constable of Antioch in 1207. Simon Mansel, Constable of Antioch, was probably his brother. He was maternally related to King Hethum I, as his father married his half-sister.
In 1268, Bartholomew escaped the sack of Antioch, which was under the command of his brother Simon. He was appointed bishop of Tortosa when that see fell vacant in 1272. After the death of Bohemond VI in 1275, his widow, Sibylla, invited Bishop Bartholomew to act as regent for her young son, Bohemond VII. Since Bartholomew was also the vicar of the absentee patriarch of Antioch, Opizo dei Fieschi, this brought him into conflict with the bishop of Tripoli Paul of Segni.
After he took up residence in Tripoli, Bartholomew, who outranked Paul both spiritually and secularly, sided with Paul's detractors among the native baronage. He also had a dispute with the Lord Guy II of Gibelet, which was provoked by the marriage of the heiress of Hugh l'Aleman to Guy's brother John, which preempted her marriage to Bartholomew's nephew.
Bartholomew, acting as patriarchal vicar, absolved Bohemond of the excommunication issued by Pope Nicholas III, following a letter from Paul to the Pope in which he accused Bohemond of seizing his goods, imprisoning his servants and attacking his safehouse.
He returned to Tortosa after the fall of Tripoli in 1289. On 3 August 1291, the Knight Templars and Bartholomew evacuated Tortosa, which had ceased to be a residential bishopric afterwards.
# Lamin Jusu Jarka

Alhaji Lamin Jusu Jarka is a Sierra Leonean former businessman and current chairman of the victims' right's organization Amputees and War Wounded Association (AWWA). Jarka was the Chief Security Officer of Barclay's Bank in Freetown before the 1999 invasion of Freetown by the Revolutionary United Front rebel group during the recent civil war. During the war, his arms were forcibly amputated after he refused to give his daughter to the troops. After the war ended in 2002, Jarka set up the AWWA principally among the injured that live in a camp in the Murray Town section of Freetown but also as a nationwide organization.
# Cottance

Cottance (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loire department in central France.
# John Jay High School

John Jay High School may refer to:

## In New York

* John Jay High School (Cross River, New York), in Westchester County
* John Jay High School (Hopewell Junction, New York), in Dutchess County
* John Jay Educational Campus (Brooklyn), formerly the location of John Jay High School
# Kaulenberg

Kaulenberg is a hill of Hesse, Germany.
51°18′02″N 9°20′41″E﻿ / ﻿51.30056°N 9.34472°E﻿ / 51.30056; 9.34472
* This Hesse location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Bluebottle Stew

"Bluebottle Stew" is the third single by Irish band Tír na nÓg. It was released in 1972 by Chrysalis Records and distributed by Festival in Australia and New Zealand on 7" vinyl with "Come and See the Show" as its B-side.

## Format and track listing
### Australia 7" single (CYK-4798)

* "Bluebottle Stew" (Sonny Condell) – 2:15
* "Come and See the Show" (Condell) – 3:12

### New Zealand 7" single (CYK-4798)

* "Bluebottle Stew" (Sonny Condell) – 2:15
* "Come and See the Show" (Condell) – 3:12

## Personnel

* Sonny Condell - vocals, guitar
* Leo O'Kelly - vocals, guitar
# Amersfoort (disambiguation)

Amersfoort may refer to:
* Amersfoort, a city in the Netherlands
* Amersfoort, Mpumalanga, a town in South Africa
* The Amersfoort concentration camp
* New Amersfoort, a town in New Netherland
# John Baylor

John Baylor is the name of:
* John W. Baylor, Jr. (c. 1813–1836), Texian pioneer and survivor of the Battle of the Alamo
* John R. Baylor (1822–1894), US Indian agent, publisher, editor, and Confederate politician and colonel during the American Civil War, brother of the above.
* John Baylor (American football) (born 1965), American retired National Football League player
# Hermann Keck

Hermann Keck (1919 – 2010) was a German scientist who invented the Keck clip.
Keck was born in Treysa and has two patents on his name:
* Clip for fixing male and female parts of ground glass joints, (1984).
* Handled clamp for ground glass ball and socket joints or the like, (1988).
# Ceanothus cuneatus

Ceanothus cuneatus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common names buckbrush and wedgeleaf ceanothus.

## Distribution

This Ceanothus is native to Oregon, California, and northern Baja California, where it can be found in a number of habitats, especially chaparral.

## Description

Ceanothus cuneatus is a spreading bush, rounded to sprawling, reaching up to 3 meters (9.8 ft) in height. The evergreen leaves are stiff and somewhat tough and may be slightly toothed along the edges. The bush flowers abundantly in short, thick-stalked racemes bearing rounded bunches of tiny flowers, each about half a centimeter wide.
The fragrant flowers are white, sometimes tinted strongly with blue or lavender. The fruit is a round capsule with horns. It is about half a centimeter wide and contains three shiny dark seeds which are dispersed when the capsule explodes and propels them some distance. Harvester ants have been known to catch the seeds, which can lie dormant for a long time since fire is required for germination. This plant may be variable in appearance because it hybridizes easily with similar species.
While this shrub has a wide distribution in its range, certain varieties of the species are limited to small areas. The Monterey ceanothus (var. rigida), for example, is found only between the southern edge of the San Francisco Bay Area and San Luis Obispo County.

## Ecology

It is a larval host to the California hairstreak, California tortoiseshell, ceanothus silkmoth, echo blue, hedgerow hairstreak, Pacuvius duskywing, western green hairstreak, and white-streaked saturnia moth.
# Holger Damgaard

Holger Damgaard (24 July 1870 – 15 January 1945) was a Danish photographer. He was employed by Politiken from December 1908 as the first press photographer in Denmark. He was also a co-founder and the first president of the Danish Union of Press Photographers.

## Early life and education

Damgaard was born in Ribe, the son of bookseller Anton Jensen Damgaard (1838–85) and Marie Sophie Eriksen (born 1850). He received a commercial education in Varde and then travelled to New York City where he made a living for instance by teaching roller skating.

## Photography

In New York City, being an enthusiastic amateur photographer, Damgaard noticed the important role that press photographers played in American media. Back in Denmark, from 1900, he managed to sell a number of photographs to the weekly Hver 8. Dag. He was particularly fond of the autotypy technique which gained popularity in Denmark from around 1897. In December 1908, he convinced Henrik Cavling to introduce autotypy at Politiken. On 7 December 1908, a photograph by Damgaard featuring a group of children in front of a toy store became the first autotypy brought in a Danish newspaper. Damgaard was subsequently hired by Politiken on a permanent basis. Another major newspaper publisherDe Ferslewske Blade hired Th. Larsen, who would later work for Berlingske Tidende. Damgaard, Larsen and four other press photographers founded the Danish Union of Press Photographers in 1912 with Damgaard as its first president. He was known for his short response time, often arriving in his sports car, and for often climbing structures for the best angle, something that earned him the nickname tårnuglen ("The Tower Owl") among his colleagues. He retired at the age of 70 without having had a single sick day.

## Personal life

Damgaard married Ellen Karene Pauline Paulsen Samsøe (1 March 1879 – 25 Kune 1957). He died on 15 January 1945 in Ringsted and is buried in Solbjerg Cemetery.

## Legacy

More than 30,000 of Dangaard's negatives are now kept in the National Library of Denmark.
# Cherry Prayer

Cherry Prayer ( 樱桃祈祷文 ) is a work for solo piano, composed by He Xuntian in 2015.

## Summary

He Xuntian adopted RD Composition, SS Composition and Five Nons in his work Cherry Prayer.

## Inspiration

Cherry Prayer was inspired from Xuntian He’s ideology: "for all species." "Non-Western, non-Eastern, non-academic, non-folk, and non-non." "Believer"
# Hokowhitu Lagoon

Hokowhitu Lagoon, also sometimes called Centennial Lagoon, is a natural oxbow lake in the city of Palmerston North, New Zealand. Hokowhitu was created from a meander of the Manawatu River. Many features surround the lagoon including a walkway, Caccia Birch House, and a former campus of a Massey University — the facilities of which are now used by the New Zealand Defence Force, Te Wānanga o Aotearoa and the Abbey Theatre Company. The lagoon also gives its name to the surrounding suburb, Hokowhitu.
An artesian bore, which was completed in 2009, is drilled 94 metres (308 ft) into an underground aquifer which supplies the lagoon with 250,000 litres of water daily.

## Features

Hokowhitu Lagoon is home to many water-life and birds. Perch is the most common fish in the lagoon, with 44 fish per 100m$^2$.
A 1.1 kilometres (0.68 mi) walk follows the shore of the lagoon and is popular with local leisure seekers. The walk includes a truss bridge which crosses the lagoon at roughly its halfway mark.
The Caccia Birch House, a Category I Historic location, sits on the northern side of the lagoon. The house was built in 1892 and was donated to the government in 1941.

## Diminishing water levels

During 2014 the lagoon's water levels dropped as the 2014 Eketāhuna earthquake opened up channels in the underside of the lake. The leaking continued and in December 2014 environmentally-safe dye was put into the water to help locate leaks. The Artesian Bore, which was built in 2009, cannot compete with the heavy leaking.
During mid-2016 a dive team was sent to investigate the lagoon bed to locate a source of the leaking.
# Chiaki Takahashi (politician)

Chiaki Takahashi (高橋 千秋, Takahashi Chiaki, born August 2, 1956) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature). A native of Anō, Mie and graduate of Meiji University, he was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 2000 after running unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives in 1998.
# Chetwynd

Chetwynd or Chetwynde may refer to:
* Chetwynd (surname)
* Chetwynd, British Columbia
** Chetwynd Airport
** Chetwynd Secondary School
* Chetwynd, Indiana
* Chetwynd, Shropshire
* Chetwynde School, a private school in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England
* Chetwynd Barracks
* Chetwynd, Victoria, a town in the former Shire of Glenelg
# Chhabra Gugor railway station

Chhabra Gugor railway station is a railway station in Baran district, Rajasthan. Its code is CAG. It serves Chhabra city. The station consists of 2 platforms. Passenger, Express, and Superfast trains halt here.
# Hole in the Sky (festival)

Hole in the Sky was a Norwegian extreme metal festival held in Bergen that took place at the end of August each year from 2000 to 2011. The first event was held in 2000 in honor of the then recently deceased Erik "Grim" Brødreskift, ex-member of Borknagar, Gorgoroth and Immortal. The festival was named after the eponymous song by Black Sabbath.
The last edition of the festival took place in August 2011.
# Holinagalapur

Holinagalapur is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Chibchanomys

Chibchanomys is a genus of rodents in the family Cricetidae. It contains the following species:
* Las Cajas water mouse (Chibchanomys orcesi)
* Chibchan water mouse (Chibchanomys trichotis)
# Chibesa Kankasa

Chibesa Kankasa, often known as Mama Kankasa (1936-2018) was a Zambian freedom fighter and politician.

## Life

Chibesa Kankasa was born on 23 March 1936 at Lubwa Mission in Chinsali. She was the sixth child of Yotam Chibesakunda, a carpenter, and Chilufya Mununga Mutale Chibwe.In 1941 her parents moved to Chalimbana, and later to Kitwe. She attended Mingolo Girls Boarding School, and later studied to become a social worker, specialising in matrimonial and juvenile delinquency cases. She worked as a social worker from 1951 to 1961.
She married Timothy Kansasa in 1952. As she later recalled:
   My husband and I used to host freedom fighters at our house when he was working for the mines in Kitwe. I used to cook for all of them, Dr Kenneth Kaunda and others, and so they started referring to me as the National Cook.
Kansasa became chairperson of the Women's League within the United National Independence Party (UNIP). In 1972 she was appointed to the Central Committee of UNIP. She was the first woman to be a member of the Central Committee.
Active in working for women's rights, she has been credited by her contemporary Betty Chilunga for the introduction of paid maternity leave to working mothers, and for pushing the Zambian government to begin commemorating International Women's Day.
Kansasa was the first Zambian High Commissioner to Kenya. She was in that post in 1991, when UNIP was ousted from power. She was recalled six months later, and retired from active politics.
In 2002 Kankasa was awarded the Order of the Eagle of Zambia, Second Division. She died at Avrwyp Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa on 29 October 2018. President Edgar Lungu awarded her a state funeral, and declared Saturday 3 November a day of national mourning.
# Chikmagalur Assembly constituency

Chikmagalur Assembly constituency is one of the 224 seats in Karnataka State Assembly in India. It is part of Udupi Chikmagalur Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

Source

### Mysore State

| Year | Member | Party |
| Before 1961: Constituency did not exist ||||
| 1962 | B. L. Subbamma | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | C. M. S. Shastri | Praja Socialist Party |
| 1972 | E. E. Vaz | Indian National Congress |

### Karnataka

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1978 | C. A. Chandre Gowda | Indian National Congress (Indira) |
| 1983 | H. A. Narayana Gowda | Janata Party |
| 1985 | B. Shanakara | Independent politician |
| 1989 | Sageer Ahmed | Indian National Congress |
| 1994 | Sageer Ahmed | Indian National Congress |
| 1999 | Sageer Ahmed | Indian National Congress |
| 2004 | C. T. Ravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2008 | C. T. Ravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2013 | C. T. Ravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2018 | C. T. Ravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | H. D. Thammaiah | Indian National Congress |

## Election results
### 2023

2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election: Chikmagalur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | H. D. Thammaiah | 85,054 | 50.01 | +22.36 |
| | BJP | C. T. Ravi | 79,128 | 46.53 | +2.55 |
| | JD(S) | B. M. Thimma Shetty | 1,763 | 1.04 | −22.74 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 849 | 0.5 | −0.26 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,926 | 3.48 | −12.85 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 170,072 | 73.71 | −0.81 |
| | INC gain from BJP | INC gain from BJP | Swing | | |

### 2018

2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election: Chikmagalur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | C. T. Ravi | 70,863 | 43.98 |
| | INC | B. L. Shankar | 44,549 | 27.65 |
| | JD(S) | B. H. Harisha | 38,317 | 23.78 |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | 1,224 | 0.76 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 26,314 | 16.33 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,61,138 | 74.52 |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing | |

### 1962

* B. L. Subbamma (INC): 9,717 votes
* C. M. S. Shastry (PSP): 6,378 votes
# Chikkulligeri

Chikkulligeri is a village in Belgaum district in the southern state of Karnataka, India.
# Hollywood Supporting Actress Award

The Hollywood Supporting Actress Award is a category of the Hollywood Film Festival held annually, with the exception of 2004, since 2003.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Film(s) | Role |
| 2003 | Alison Lohman | Big Fish / Matchstick Men | Sandra Templeton / Angela |
| 2005 | Susan Sarandon | Elizabethtown | Hollie Baylor |
| 2006 | Sandra Bullock | Infamous / The Lake House | Harper Lee / Kate Forster |
| 2007 | Jennifer Connelly | Reservation Road | Grace Learner |
| 2008 | Marisa Tomei | The Wrestler | Pam / Cassidy |
| 2009 | Julianne Moore | A Single Man | Charlotte (Charley) |
| 2010 | Helena Bonham Carter | Alice in Wonderland / The King's Speech | Red Queen / Queen Elizabeth |
| 2011 | Carey Mulligan | Drive / Shame | Irene / Sissy Sullivan |
| 2012 | Amy Adams | The Master / On the Road / Trouble with the Curve | Peggy Dodd / Jane / Mickey Lobel |
| 2013 | Julia Roberts | August: Osage County | Barbara Weston-Fordham |
| 2014 | Keira Knightley | The Imitation Game | Joan Clarke |
| 2015 | Jane Fonda | Youth | Brenda Morel |
| 2016 | Nicole Kidman | Lion | Sue Brierley |
| 2017 | Allison Janney | I, Tonya | LaVona Golden |
| 2018 | Rachel Weisz | The Favourite | Sarah Churchill |
| 2019 | Laura Dern | Marriage Story | Nora Fanshaw |
# Holy Grail (disambiguation)

The Holy Grail is a mystical object in the Arthurian legend.
Holy Grail is commonly used in a phrase to analogously denote something with high perceived value:
* A rare, valuable object, source, event or difficult-to-reach goal in a given field:
** Twin Sisters, the "Texas Holy Grail"
** A rare acetate by the Beatles, with the songs "Hello Little Girl" and "Till There Was You"
* A major, important unsolved problem in a given field; see Lists of unsolved problems
** (For example, the Riemann hypothesis might be called "a holy grail" of mathematics, as could a theory of everything for physics, or P vs. NP for computational complexity theory)
Holy Grail may also refer to:
* "Holy Grail" (Hunters & Collectors song), 1992
* "Holy Grail" (Jay-Z song), 2013, featuring Justin Timberlake
* Holy Grail (album), a 2011 album by Versailles
* Monty Python and the Holy Grail, a 1975 comedy film
* Holy Grail (band), a heavy metal band from Pasadena, California
* Holy Grail tapestries, six tapestries woven by Morris & Co. in the 1890s
* Holy Grail Temple, a mountain in the Grand Canyon
* Holy Grail (web design), a CSS programming trick for dividing a web page into three columns
* Stanley Cup, sometimes referred to as the "Holy Grail"
* AFL Premiership, sometimes referred to as the "Holy Grail"
# Holy Guardian Angels Church and Cemetery Historic District

Holy Guardian Angels Church and Cemetery Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Roselle, Iowa, United States. Holy Guardian Angels is a former Catholic parish of the Diocese of Sioux City. The historic district made up of the former parish church and cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019. It is significant for the architecture of the Gothic Revival church and the influence of the German-Catholic immigrants who settled the area.

## Church

Lambert Kniest bought 23,000 acres (9,300 ha) of land in Carroll County that would become known as Mount Carmel. Bishop John Hennessy of Dubuque sent German Catholics to settle the area and start farms. They established the county's first Catholic church in 1868. Catholics from Roselle traveled there for Mass until 1874 when they founded their own parish and built a frame church, which the called Heilige Schutzengels Kirche (Holy Guardian Angels Church). Except for four families who were Lutheran, the community was made up of Catholics. Carroll County would grow to have the highest concentration of German Americans of any county in Iowa.
As the parish and town grew they needed a new church, and they built the present structure in 1904. There was no railroad into Roselle, so the building materials had to be hauled 3 miles (4.8 km) into the town using horse-drawn wagons on primitive roads. It took more than a year to build the church and cost the parish $48,000. The brick Gothic Revival church features an Indiana limestone foundation and a central tower that rises 145 feet (44 m). The vaulted ceiling in the interior rises 39 feet (12 m) above gilded altars, numerous statues of saints and angels, elaborate stained glass windows, frescos, and mosaics. The last renovation of the church was carried out by Langenfeld Studios in 1929.
A parochial school was established by the parish in 1888, and the Franciscan Sisters of Perpetual Adoration from La Crosse, Wisconsin began teaching there in 1899. There was a dormitory for the students who boarded there in the winter months. The parish added a junior high school building in 1916, and the parish schools served the community until they were incorporated into the Kuemper Catholic School System in Carroll in 1975. In 1977, the original school building was torn down and the junior high building was moved to a different location.
The Diocese of Sioux City has subsequently closed Holy Guardian Angels Parish. The Holy Angels Church and Cemetery Foundation was incorporated with the State of Iowa in 1995 to care for the parish property.

## Cemetery

The parish cemetery is located to the north of the church. Its earliest burial is from 1863. The grave markers include obelisk and cross designs and iron crosses that were possibly made by local blacksmiths, which would have been the custom for that time. Numerous markers are engraved with German script.
# Holmestrand (South Georgia)

Holmestrand is a point at the west side of Jossac Bight, on the south coast of South Georgia. The name appears on a chart based on surveys by DI personnel during 1925–30, but was probably applied earlier by Norwegian whalers operating from South Georgia.