OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hugo Kraas

Hugo Gottfried Kraas (25 January 1911 – 20 February 1980) was a German SS commander during World War II. He served in the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler and was the last commander of the SS Division Hitlerjugend. Kraas was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. Following the war, Kraas was investigated by Italian and West German authorities for the murder of Italian Jews in 1943.

## Career

Born in 1911, Kraas became a member of the Nazi Party and the Sturmabteilung (SA) in 1934; in 1938 he was posted to the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH). With the LSSAH, Kraas took part in the invasion of Poland where he was awarded the Iron Cross second class. He was awarded the Iron Cross first class following the Battle of the Netherlands. He took part in the Balkan Campaign and Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. In December 1941, Kraas received the German Cross in Gold. In 1943, he took part in the Third Battle of Kharkov. For his role in this operation he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross in March 1943. He received the Oak Leaves to the Knight's Cross in January 1944. Kraas died in 1980.

## War crimes

Along with other members of LSSAH, Kraas was investigated for the murder of several dozens of Italian Jews on 25 September 1943 in Italy. He was tried in absentia in Italy in 1955 and was found guilty. The investigation also took place in West Germany in 1965 but stalled for "lack of evidence". According to a report in 2020, Kraas remained a convinced supporter of Nazism until his death. He was an active member of HIAG, a lobbyist group for Waffen-SS veterans.

## Awards

* Iron Cross (1939) 2nd Class (16 October 1939) & 1st Class (25 May 1940)
* German Cross in Gold on 26 December 1941 as SS-Hauptsturmführer in the Aufklärungs-Abteilung "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler"
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 28 March 1943 as SS-Sturmbannführer and commander of the I./2. SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment/Panzergrenadier-Division "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler"
** Oak Leaves on 24 January 1944 as SS-Obersturmbannführer and commander of SS-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 2 "Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler"
# Claudio S. Grafulla

Claudio S. Grafulla (1812–1880) was a composer in the United States during the 19th Century, most noted for martial music for regimental bands during the early days of the American Civil War.

## Biography

Grafulla was born on 31 October 1812 on Menorca, an island off the coast of Spain that was occupied by the British after the Napoleonic wars. At the age of 28, he emigrated to the United States, where he became a French horn player in Napier Lothian's New York Brass Band in New York City. This band was attached to the 7th Regiment of the New York National Guard, which was honored in 1922 by John Philip Sousa's The Gallant Seventh march. In 1860, he added woodwinds to a reorganized band and continued to serve as its director until his death at New York on 2 December 1880.
Grafulla was a quiet, unassuming man who never married; his whole life centered on his music. His remarkable technical and musical skills allowed him to become well known as a composer, often writing music to order, and as an arranger. As a director of the 7th Regiment Band, his fame spread widely.
Grafulla was a member of William Magear "Boss" Tweed's exclusive Americus Club. He performed regularly at Americus Club events, and his close relationship with Tweed is expressed on the cover of his sheet music for "Solid Men to the Front," which features a portrait of Tweed with the legend "composed and dedicated to Hon. William M. Tweed."
Grafulla composed Washington Grays in 1861 for the 8th Regiment, New York State Militia. This work has been called a march masterpiece, a band classic, and the prototype of the concert march. Showing the stylistic influence of both German and Italian marches, the march has a marvelous balance of technique and melody in a continuous flow of musical ideas. It dared to break the old formulas, however, because it has no introduction, no break strain, and no stinger.
Curiously, long after Grafulla's death, during the presidential contest of 1896, while McKinley and Bryan were debating the burning issue of a silver vs. gold monetary standard, his publishers issued a Solid Money March under the palindrome, "C.S.Allufarg".
Some of Grafulla's works, including "Parade" and "Freischutz Quickstep", were heard in the 1990 Ken Burns PBS miniseries, The Civil War.
# Humans (album)

Humans is the tenth full-length album by Canadian singer/songwriter Bruce Cockburn. Humans was released in 1980 by True North Records.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Billboard | (unrated) |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
In a retrospective review of the Rounder reissue, AllMusic critic Thom Jurek wrote, "Long regarded as Bruce Cockburn's finest moment on record, Humans, issued in 1980, is easily the most revealing of his tomes as well... Humans is universal in its confusion and hard-won willingness to endure without seeking creature comforts or easy answers. Its musical and lyrical adventure would be a watermark for any artist; for Cockburn it became the first step to musical and poetic freedom. It sounds as harrowing, beautiful, and ethereal 20-plus years later as it did when it was first issued, and offers a uniquely universal message for seekers of personal, social, and spiritual truth. This is the one to start with. It is also the one to end with."
Writing for Trouser Press, Brad Reno called it "a truly great album", adding that it "is a thoughtful, complex album, and is the best of Cockburn's career."

## Track listing

The 2003 release contains a live version of "Grim Travellers".

## Personnel

* Bruce Cockburn – vocals, dulcimer, guitar
* Patricia Cullen – synthesizer
* Bob Disalle – drums
* Ben Bow – drums
* Jon Goldsmith – keyboards
* Dennis Pendrith – bass
* Tony Hibbert – bass
* Bernie Pitters – keyboards
* Leroy Sibbles – backing vocals
* Rachel Paiement – backing vocals
* Murray McLauchlan – backing vocals
* Pat La Barbera – reeds
* Brian Leonard – percussion
* Hugh Marsh – violin
Production
* Gene Martynec – producer
* Gary Gray – engineer
* George Marino – mastering
* Roberto Masotti – photography
* Vladimir Meller – remastering
* Bart Schoales – art direction
# Hugh, Count of Soissons

Hugh of Nesle (d. after October 1305), son of John IV, Count of Soissons, and his wife Marguerite of Rumigny. Count of Soissons. Hugh became count after the death of his brother John in 1304.
Hugh married Jeanne de Dargies (Johanna of Argies), daughter of Renaud II, Seigneur de Dargies and Catheux, and his wife Agnes de Bruyères.
Hugh and Jeanne had one child:
After his death, Hugh’s widow Jeanne married John of Clermont, Baron of Charolais, son of Robert, Count of Clermont, and grandson of Louis IX of France. Hugh was succeeded in his rule of the county by his daughter Margaret.

## Sources

Dormay, C., Histoire de la ville de Soissons et de ses rois, ducs, comtes et gouverneurs, Soissons, 1664 (available on Google Books)
# Cnemaspis monticola

Cnemaspis monticola, also known as the Waynaad day gecko, is a species of gecko endemic to southern India.
# Cloudboy (disambiguation)

Cloudboy or Cloud Boy may refer to:
* the Stearman Cloudboy, an aircraft of the 1930s
* Cloudboy, an electronic music group active from 1995 to 2003
* Cloud Boy, a children's book published in 2006
# Hun Iqbal

Hun Iqbal is a 2023 Gujarati suspense thriller film written and directed by Pallav Parikh. It stars Mitra Gadhavi, RJ Devaki, Nirav Vaidya, Sonali Lele Desai and Ravi Ranjan.

## Plot

Iqbal, a flamboyant and mysterious thief, achieves a complicated heist.The police department tries to catch him.

## Cast

* Mitra Gadhavi
* RJ Devaki
* Nirav Vaidya
* Sonali Lele Desai
* Ravi Ranjan

## Soundtrack
### Tracklist

All lyrics are written by Thaakur; all music is composed by Darshan Shah

## Release

The film was theatrically released on 3 February 2023.

## Reception

The Times of India praised the film's plot. A later review in the same newspaper noted that the fact the film was a thriller "brought a refreshing change to the Gujarati film industry, which is typically known for its family dramas and comedies."

## Accolades

The film received 9 nominations at the 21st Transmedia Gujarati Awards.
# Cloudburst (comics)

Cloudburst, in comics, may refer to:
* Cloudburst, a member of the DC Comics team the Extremists
* Cloudburst (Image Comics), an Image Comics graphic novel written by Jimmy Palmiotti and Justin Gray
* Cloudburst (G.I. Joe), a fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe who has appeared in the comic book adaptations
* Cloudburst (Transformers), an Autobot Transformer who has appeared in the comic book adaptations
# Coatepec

Coatepec (Nahuatl for "at the snake hill") may refer to:

## Geography

* Coatepec Harinas, a municipality in the State of Mexico
* Coatepec, Puebla, a municipality in Puebla
* Coatepec, Santiago Texcalcingo, a village in Santiago Texcalcingo, Oaxaca
* Coatepec, Veracruz, a municipality in Veracruz
* Coatepec, Villaflores, a village in Villaflores, Chiapas

## Other

* Coatepec Nahuatl, a variety of the Nahuatl language
* Coatepec Sandstone, a geological formation in Mexico
# Coatepeque

Coatepeque may refer to:
* Coatepeque, Santa Ana, El Salvador
* Coatepeque Caldera, El Salvador
* Coatepeque, Quetzaltenango, Guatemala
# Co-operative Bank

Co-operative Bank or Cooperative Bank may refer to:
* The Co-operative Bank, a bank in the United Kingdom
* Coop Bank, a bank operated by Coop amba in Denmark.
* The Co-operative Bank (New Zealand), New Zealand bank, formerly known as PSIS
* Co-operative Bank Ltd, Myanmar bank
* Cooperative Bank of Kenya, Kenyan bank
* Cooperative Bank of Misamis Oriental, Philippine bank
* Cooperative Bank of Tarlac, Philippine bank
* Cooperative Desjardins Bank, Cooperative financial group, Québec
* Cooperative banks in Germany, see Bundesverband der Deutschen Volksbanken und Raiffeisenbanken
* Coop Bank (Switzerland), founded by the Coop and now owned by the Basler Kantonalbank
* OP Financial Group, in which “OP” stands for “osuuspankki”, meaning “cooperative bank” in Finnish

## Other uses

* Co-operative Permanent Building Society, earlier name of Nationwide Building Society in the UK
* The Co-operative Credit Union, a savings and loans co-operative in the UK
# Cocimano

Cocimano is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rubén Oscar Cocimano (born 1962), Argentine retired professional footballer
* Sebastián Cocimano (born 2000), Argentine professional footballer
# Coal Creek (British Columbia)

Coal Creek is a tributary of the Elk River. Their confluence is in the city of Fernie, British Columbia. Coal Creek passes through its namesake, Coal Creek, British Columbia, today a ghost town.
# Clytie arenosa

Clytie arenosa is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Walter Rothschild in 1913. The nominate form is found in the deserts of North Africa. Subspecies Clytie arenosa nabataea is found in Israel (in oases in the Jordan Rift Valley)
There is one generation per year. Adults are on wing from April to June.
The larvae probably feed on Tamarix species.

## Subspecies

* Clytie arenosa arenosa
* Clytie arenosa nabataea
# Clytie infrequens

Clytie infrequens is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1884. It is found in eremic (desert) areas from the eastern Sahara through the Arabian Peninsula to Pakistan and India.
There are multiple generations per year. Adults are on wing year round.
The larvae feed on Tamarix species.
# Cochonnet

Cochonnet, small pig in French (piglet may rather translate in porcelet), may refer to :
* a character in Flup, Nénesse, Poussette and Cochonnet, a minor comics by Hergé
* a small wooden ball used in pétanque
# Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Cape Cod

The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Cape Cod is a former bottler of Coca-Cola, Dr Pepper and Canada Dry soft drinks located in Sandwich, Massachusetts, United States. The company was bought out in 2000 by the Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Northern New England.

## History

The company was founded in 1939 by Musch Kayajan. He left the family's successful Nemasket Spring Water Company in Middleboro to open his own franchise of Coca-Cola in Sagamore, next to the former Cape Cod Factory Outlet Mall. In 1965, Musch died and his son John continued operating the business with his mother Amelia, who died in 1984. That same year, on May 16, a new 80,000-square-foot (7,400 m$^2$) plant operated at the present location.
Between 1989 and 1991, the company did not bottle due to issues with the treatment of wastewater at the site. In 1991, bottling resumed as an agreement was reached with an outside company to transport the water treat it off the site. The business continued bottling until 1997 when it no longer became economically viable to bottle at the plant. As a result, the company began to purchase soda and drinks from Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Northern New England. Today, it acts as a distribution warehouse and sales marketing center.
In 2008, the company hosted a trade show which helped to exhibit products that the company was selling.

## Community outreach

Coca-Cola, in addition to being a long-time supporter of the Bourne Scallop Festival, is a supporter of the Cape Cod Baseball League. As recently as 2009, the company picked a pitcher and player each week as an outstanding person.

## Court cases

Over the years, the plant was involved in two court cases. The first was Cora M. Baker v. Coca-Cola Bottling Co. of Cape Cod & another, in 1977, when a woman sued the company over a traffic incident involving a company vehicle. In 1988, the company was sued by the state attorney general as part of a multi-company suit asking for seventy-three million dollars' worth of bottle deposits from the companies. The second case, Coca-Cola Bottling Co. of Cape Cod v. Weston & Sampson Engineers, Inc. occurred in 1998. That case involved the installation of treatment lagoons to help clean wastewater that the plant produced. This included old soda, bad batches, soapy and chlorinated water, and oil and grease from machinery. Additionally, the company was also ordered to pay 2.52 million dollars for a breach of a contract agreement with the Nantucket Natural water company. The company, based in Chatham, eventually went bankrupt due to the contract issue.
# Coat of arms of Huddersfield

The Coat of arms of Huddersfield was the official symbol of the local government of Huddersfield (the Corporation of Huddersfield). The borough was abolished in 1974, 106 years after its incorporation in 1868, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972 whereby control was ceded to Kirklees Metropolitan Council and West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council.

## Symbolism

The arms were granted by the College of Arms by letters patent dated 12 October 1868 to the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the Borough of Huddersfield. The design was partly based on the arms of the family of Ramsden of Byrom, owners of the manors of Almondbury and Huddersfield:
   Argent on a chevron between three fleurs-de-lis Sable, as many rams' heads couped at the neck of the first.
The crest of a ram's head is similar to that granted to the borough of Barrow-in-Furness in the previous year; this also referred to the Ramsden family arms.
The arms feature the motto Juvat Impigros Deus which is Latin for "God helps the diligent," also rendered as "God Helps the Industrious," and the common form, "God Helps Them That Help Themselves."

## Blazon

The formal description, or blazon, of the arms is:
   Or on a chevron between three Rams passant Sable as many towers argent. And for the Crest on a Wreath of the Colours a Rams head couped argent armed Or gorged with a collar sable in the mouth A Sprig of the Cotton-tree slipped and fructed proper. Motto: Juvat Impigros Deus.
# Coelioxys coturnix

Coelioxys coturnix is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae.
# Cockshutt 560

The Cockshutt 560 row-crop tractor was built by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1958 to 1961. It succeeded the Cockshutt 40D4 diesel in the Cockshutt product line, and was capable of pulling four plows. The new tractor was restyled in accordance with the trend toward squared-off lines, compared to earlier Cockshutt offerings.

## Description and production

The Cockshutt 560 succeeded the Cockshutt 35 Golden Arrow as a medium-sized row-crop tractor. In accordance with industry trends of the early 1960s, the 560 was styled with squared-off lines by industrial designer Raymond Loewy. The 560 was powered by a Perkins Engines 269.5-cubic-inch (4,416 cc) four-cylinder diesel engine with a six-speed transmission. The 560 could be ordered with adjustable wide front wheels, narrow wheels and fixed wide front wheels
2,910 Cockshutt 560s were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1958 to 1961. Base price in 1958 was CA$3,812.
# Cockshutt 570

The Cockshutt 570 row-crop tractor was built by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1958 to 1960. It succeeded the Cockshutt 50 heavy tractor in the Cockshutt product line, and was capable of pulling five plows. The new tractor was restyled in accordance with the trend toward squared-off lines, compared to earlier Cockshutt offerings.

## Description and production

The Cockshutt 570 succeeded the Cockshutt 50 as a heavy row-crop tractor. In accordance with industry trends of the early 1960s, the 570 was styled with squared-off lines by industrial designer Raymond Loewy. The 570 was powered by a Hercules Engine Company 269.5-cubic-inch (4,416 cc) six-cylinder diesel engine with a six-speed transmission. The 570 could be ordered with adjustable wide front wheels, narrow wheels and fixed wide front wheels.
3,100 Cockshutt 570s were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1958 to 1961. Base price in 1958 was CA$3,670, and with options could exceed CA$4,500.

## 570 Super

The Cockshutt 570 Super was introduced in 1961 with a 339-cubic-inch (5,560 cc) Hercules diesel engine that substantially increased performance.
1,680 570 Supers were built at Brantford in 1961 and 1962. The 570 was the last Cockshutt-built tractor.

## 580 Super

Three prototypes of an even larger tractor, the 100-horsepower (75 kW) 580 were built in 1961, just before Cockshutt was taken over by the White Motor Company, using a 354-cubic-inch (5,800 cc) six-cylinder Perkins diesel. One example has been preserved and restored by Andy Appelfeller.
# Hyalopeza aristae

Hyalopeza aristae is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Hyalopeza of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Australia.
# Hyalophora gloveri

Hyalophora gloveri, or Glover's silkmoth, is a moth of the family Saturniidae. The species was first described by Ferdinand Heinrich Hermann Strecker in 1872. It is found in the Rocky Mountain states, the western parts of the northern Great Plains, and the Canadian prairie provinces, north-west to at least central Alberta. It is also found in northern Mexico.
It is considered a subspecies of Hyalophora columbia by several authorities.
The wingspan is about 100 mm.
The larvae feed on Shepherdia argentea, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Salix species, etc.

## Subspecies

* Hyalophora gloveri gloveri
* Hyalophora gloveri nokomis
# Hwawon Park

Hwawon Park (Korean: 화원유원지) is a park located in Daegu Dalseong-gun, South Korea. It opened on 10 March 1981 and is mainly used by children. It is 4,544 square metres (1.123 acres) in size.
# Coladenia laxmi

Coladenia laxmi is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by Lionel de Nicéville in 1889. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.

## Subspecies

* C. l. laxmi (Burma, Thailand)
* C. l. sobrina Elwes & Edwards, 1897 (southern Burma, Thailand, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Tioman, Sumatra, Hainan)
# Coleophora jebeli

Coleophora jebeli is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Saudi Arabia.
# Coleophora trilineella

Coleophora trilineella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in the United States, including Kentucky.
# John Chalmers (trade unionist)

John Chalmers CBE (16 May 1915 – 19 August 1983) was a Scottish trade unionist.

## Life

Born in Clydebank, Chalmers studied at the Clydebank Secondary School before working as a plater. He joined the Boilermakers Society, and became a full-time official in 1954. Long active in the Labour Party, he spent ten years on Clydebank Town Council.
Chalmers became assistant general secretary of the Boilermakers in 1961 and, in 1967, he became general secretary of the union, now known as the "Amalgamated Society of Boilermakers, Shipwrights, Blacksmiths and Structural Workers", while fellow Clydebanker Danny McGarvey became president. That year, he also joined the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party, and he was chairman of the party in 1976/77.
McGarvey died suddenly in 1977, and Chalmers took McGarvey's place on the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC). Chalmers also served on the Central Arbitration Committee from 1976. In 1978, he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He stood down from his trade union posts in 1980, but served on the Press Council from 1978 until 1981.
# Anthony Pigott

Lieutenant-General Sir Anthony David Pigott, KCB, CBE (23 December 1944 – 19 March 2020) was a British Army officer. He also served as Independent Member of Steering Board at the Intellectual Property Office.

## Early life

Pigott was the son of Lieutenant Colonel Patrick Pigott RADC and Mollie Pigott, an officer in the Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps.

## Military career

Educated at St George's College, Weybridge, and Trinity College, Cambridge, Pigott was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1965. As a major, he commanded a squadron of 38 Engineer Regiment at Ripon, in which role he was deployed to Belize in 1976 to build a camp from which local soldiers could defend the area against attack from Guatemala. In 1977 he was deployed to Bradford as Chief Fire Officer, West Yorkshire during the Firemen's Strike and then went on to become military assistant to the Vice-Chief of the General Staff. As a brigadier he played a key role in establishing the Allied Rapid Reaction Corps ('ARRC') and then, as a major-general, he became the first Chief of Staff of the ARRC in 1992. He was deployed to Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina when the ARRC took the lead in the United Nations Protection Force.
He became Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, in 1994 and Director-General, Doctrine and Development in 1997. From 2000 he served as Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Commitments) with responsibility for planning and executing the invasion of Afghanistan. He retired in 2003.

## Later life

After retiring from the Armed Forces, Pigott took a position of Independent Member of Steering Board at the Intellectual Property Office.
On 4 December 2009, Pigott gave evidence to The Iraq Inquiry. From his evidence, it emerged that he chaired an informal working group in the Ministry of Defence in mid-2002 to explore possibilities for British military involvement in an invasion of Iraq and its possible repercussions. He told the inquiry that his aim was to avoid a poorly planned "off-the-cuff" campaign.

## Family

In 1981, he married Felicity Ann Astley-Cooper. They had three children including a daughter, Anna, who married Simon Hervé Marie Ghislain, Prince de Merode, son of Léonel Amaury Marie Ghislain, Prince de Merode, in September 2010.