OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hugh Alexander Dunn

Hugh Alexander Dunn AO (20 August 1923 – 5 November 2005) was a career Australian diplomat known for his knowledge of China; namely Taiwan (1969–1972) and of the People's Republic of China (1980–1984).

## Biography

Dunn was born in Rockhampton, Queensland on 20 August 1923. After completing school at Brisbane Boys' College, he enlisted in the A.I.F., trained in Signals Intelligence and moved with MacArthur's troops through New Guinea and then to the Philippines where the Japanese surrender took place. Returning to Australia after the War, he studied at the University of Queensland. He was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University where he studied classical Chinese language, history and philosophy.
In a public service career of over 30 years, Dunn served in Japan, South Korea, the United States, India and South Vietnam, and was Australian High Commissioner to Kenya, Uganda, and Seychelles, and Ambassador too Ethiopia (1978–1980); Ambassador to Taiwan (1969–1972); Ambassador to Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Peru (1973–1976), and Ambassador to the People's Republic of China (1980–1984). In the 1985 Queen's Birthday Honours he was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for "services to the public service, particularly in the field of international relations and in the development of Australian relations with China".
After retiring from public service in 1985, Dunn served as Chairman of the Brisbane China Committee, in this capacity actively furthering Australia's relationship with China. He was also a Visiting Professor in the School of Modern Asian Studies at Griffith University and adjunct professor in the Department of History at the University of Queensland. He wrote extensively on Sino-Australian relations and the teaching of the Chinese language. Dunn died in Brisbane on 5 November 2005 at the age of 82.

## Published works

* "The Shaping of a Sinologue of Sorts". Australian in Asia Series No. 1. Dr. Nancy Viviani (Ed.).Centre for the Study of Australian-Asian Relations. Griffith University, 1988.
* "Conversations on Tibet with His Holiness the Dalai Lama and Tibetan and Chinese Officials". Australian-Asia Papers No. 38. Dr. Nancy Viviani (Ed.) Centre for the Study of Australian-Asian Relations. Griffith University, 1987.
* Cao Zhi: The life of a Princely Chinese Poet. Beijing, China. New World Press, 1983
* Ts'ao Chih: The life of a Princely Chinese Poet. Taipei, Taiwan. China News, 1970.
* Biography: 'Inventory: Items from a Life well travelled' CD (eBook) 2005. 166pp (incomplete.) Published Brisbane, Australia
# L'Auberge Baton Rouge

L'Auberge Casino & Hotel Baton Rouge is a casino in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The casino opened in September 2012, and has 74,000 square feet (6,900 m$^2$) of gaming space. It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn Entertainment.
The casino has 1,500 slot machines, 50 table games, and a poker room. The hotel has 12 stories, 205 rooms, a rooftop pool, and a fitness center.
In April 2016, Pinnacle Entertainment sold the property to Gaming and Leisure Properties and leased it back, along with almost all of Pinnacle's real estate assets. Penn National Gaming (now Penn Entertainment) acquired Pinnacle in October 2018, including the operations of L'Auberge Baton Rouge.
# Dunum, Lower Saxony

Dunum is a municipality in the district of Wittmund, in Lower Saxony, Germany.
# Bathgate Upper railway station

Bathgate Upper railway station was a railway station serving the town of Bathgate in West Lothian, Scotland. It was located on the Bathgate and Coatbridge Railway.

## History

Bathgate was opened by the Edinburgh and Bathgate Railway on 12 November 1849, being renamed Bathgate Upper on 1 August 1865 by the North British Railway at the same time as the Monkland Railways station of the same name was renamed Bathgate Lower.
The station lay on a curve immediately next to Bathgate West Junction, approximately 300 yards north west of the western end of the current station. A loop line existed behind the down platform, and from this line a branch ran to Mosside and Riddochhill collieries. Continuing through the station, a line branched off to the right to the Bathgate branch of the Monkland Railways. (This was known as the Blackston Branch in North British documentation). Slightly further west was a triangular junction. The line passed Boghead Colliery. 28 chains (slightly over a quarter of a mile) from Upper Station lay Polkemmet Junction. From here, the line continued west as the Bathgate and Coatbridge Railway, while the Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness Railway headed due south.
The station was closed on 9 January 1956.
The railway route through the station was re-opened in 2011 as part of the Airdrie–Bathgate rail link, but the station itself has not been re-opened.

## Services

| Preceding station | Historical railways | Following station |
| Armadale Line and station open | North British Railway Bathgate and Coatbridge Railway | Livingston Line open; Station closed |
| Whitburn Line and station closed | North British Railway Wilsontown, Morningside and Coltness Railway | connection to WM&CR |
| Bathgate Lower Line and station closed | North British Railway Bathgate Branch of Monkland Railways | connection to Bathgate Branch of MR |
# Hanshin 5500 series

The Hanshin 5500 series (阪神電鉄5500系, Hanshin Dentetsu 5500-kei) is a commuter electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Hanshin Electric Railway in Japan since 1995.

## Design

Manufactured to replace any previous train cars damaged by the January 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake, the design of the 5500 series is based on the earlier 8000 series trains. The 5500 series was the first variable-frequency drive-equipped train type to be introduced by the Hanshin Electric Railway.

## Operations

Together with the sole 5550 series set, the 5500 series sets are used primarily on Hanshin Main Line services.

## Formation
### Mainline sets

As of 1 April 2016, nine four-car sets are in service, formed as shown below. All cars are powered.
| Designation | Mc1 | M1 | M2 | Mc2 |
| Numbering | 55xx (odd) | 56xx (odd) | 56xx (even) | 55xx (even) |
| Capacity (total/seated) | 132/48 | 132/50 | 132/50 | 132/48 |
The two intermediate (M1 and M2) cars are each fitted with one lozenge-type pantograph.

### Mukogawa Line sets

| Designation | Mc1 | Mc1 | Mc2 | Mc2 |
| Numbering | 551x (odd) | 591x (odd) | 591x (even) | 551x (even) |
| Capacity (total/seated) | 127/39 | 125/40 | 125/40 | 127/39 |
The 591x cars are each fitted with two single-arm pantographs.

## Interior

Passenger accommodation consists of longitudinal bench seating throughout, with sculpted seats finished in blue moquette.

## History

The first trains entered service in 1995. Nine four-car sets were built by 2000.

### Refurbishment

The fleet underwent a programme of refurbishment from 2017, with the first set, 5501, treated in April 2017. Refurbishment includes the addition of external passenger door control buttons, full-colour LED destination display panels, and a new blue livery.
* Refurbished set 5505 in January 2021
* Interior view of a refurbished set

### Transfer to the Mukogawa Line

Hanshin unveiled the first 5500 series set modified for use on the Mukogawa Line in March 2020. The set was modified from set 5513, which was split into two 2-car sets: 5513+5913 and 5514+5914. The 591x cars were fitted with driver's cabs based on those of the 9000 series and two single-arm pantographs. Hanshin confirmed that they would also modify set 5511 as such.
The converted 5500 series sets entered service on the Mukogawa Line on 6 June 2020, replacing the 7861 series sets previously used.
* Test run 5511F-5912F
* Toraco 5511-5911F
* To-lucky 5512F-5912F
* Koshien 5514-5914F
# Osmanthus armatus

Osmanthus armatus, also known by the common name devil wood or Chinese vernacular name 红柄木犀 (Hóng bǐng mùxī) is a species in the genus Osmanthus in the family Oleaceae. It is native to China, specifically the west or central and southeast.
The species was introduced into the UK via Veitch Nurseries in 1902 by Wilson, who collected it during one of his trips to China.

## Description

A woody evergreen which ranges in size from a shrub to a small tree, reaching 8–15 feet high at maturity.
Though the young leaves are conspicuously spiny, spines are often entirely absent from the mature, adult leaves.
White blooms appear in axillary clusters in autumn.

## Etymology

Osmanthus is derived from Greek and means 'fragrant flower'.
Armatus means 'armed' or 'thorny'.
# Fort Tiracol

Fort Santíssima Trindade (Fortaleza da Santíssima Trindade in Portuguese) also known as Fort Tiracol, is a Portuguese era fort near the village of Tiracol, in the North Goa district of Goa, India. At the mouth of the Terekhol River, the fort can be reached by a ferry from Querim, 42 km (26 mi) north of Panaji.

## History

It is believed that the fort was originally crudely built by Khem Sawant Bhonsle, the Raja of Sawantwadi, in the 17th century. The site chosen was a hillock on the Northern (right) bank of the river, which gave a commanding view of the Arabian sea. The Bhonsles of Sawantwadi kept a sizeable fleet of navy vessels which sheltered in the Tiracol River. The fort initially consisted of 12 guns, a barrack and a chapel.
In 1746, the Portuguese under the 44th Viceroy of Goa, Pedro Miguel de Almeida waged war against the Raja of Sawantwadi, as a retaliation to constant border raids. On 16 November 1746, de Almeida brought the Portuguese fleet up to the River, waged a fierce maritime engagement against the naval forces of the Raja of Sawantwadi in which the Portuguese defeated the Sawantwadi forces utterly. Several skirmishes on land followed and Fort Tiracol was finally surrendered on 23 November 1746 to the Portuguese.
The fort became an important part of Portuguese maritime defences; being extensively revamped in 1764. It remained in Portuguese control till December 1961 when the last of Portuguese territorial positions in the subcontinent were forcibly annexed by India.
On 17 February 1819, following the defeat of the Marathas, a treaty was signed by Raja Bhonsle Khem Sawunt of Sawantwadi who recognised British suzerainty. This treaty effectively abolished the strategic importance of the fort, as it became an enclave in territory controlled by British allies.
During the Portuguese Civil War, the fort served as a rebel stronghold during an uprising in 1825 against the Portuguese led by Dr. Bernardo Peres da Silva, the first Goan born Viceroy of Goa. It was greatly damaged but the fort and the chapel were later rebuilt. A ruthless Commandant, "Tiger-killer" da Cunha entered the fort and ordered the beheading of the entire garrison and the placing of the heads on stakes.
Fort Tiracol was a symbolic location where freedom fighters from Goa demonstrated from time to time. On 15 August 1954, Satyagrahis protesting Portuguese rule entered Goa from three different directions - one of which was from the North to Fort Tiracol, which was occupied and flew the Indian flag for a day before they were captured and imprisoned.
Now, Fort Tiracol has been converted into a hotel, called the Fort Tiracol Heritage.

## Igreja de Santo António

A Chapel for the Holy Trinity was constructed in the fort courtyard by de Almeida after its capture. This later became the century-old Church of St. Anthony. Mass is held every Sunday at 9:00 am. The church is not open to the general public at other times, except on certain occasions, such as the annual feast that is usually held in May.
# Raelene Castle

Raelene Castle ONZM (born 30 September 1970) is a sports executive who has worked in Australia and New Zealand. She was chief executive officer of Rugby Australia from 2017 to 2020, before becoming chief executive officer of Sport New Zealand.

## Early life and family

Castle was born in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia, on 30 September 1970, the daughter of Bruce and Marlene Castle. Both of her parents represented New Zealand internationally in sports: her father as a rugby league footballer and her mother as a lawn bowler. The family returned to New Zealand when Castle was six months old.

## Career

From 2007 to 2013, Castle was the chief executive officer (CEO) of Netball New Zealand. In 2013, she was appointed CEO of Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, becoming the first female CEO of a club in the National Rugby League. At the end of the 2017 season, she was replaced by Rugby League World Cup boss Andrew Hill.
In December 2017, Castle was appointed as CEO of Rugby Australia, and served in that role until her resignation in April 2020. In December 2020, Castle took up a role as CEO of Sport New Zealand following contract work on Sport New Zealand's Strengthen and Adapt project.

## Honours

In the 2015 New Year Honours, Castle was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to sport and business.
# Samuel L. Green Jr.

Samuel Lee Green Jr. (March 27, 1927 – June 26, 2016) was an American pastor and bishop in the Church of God in Christ.

## Biography

Samuel Lee Green Jr. was born to Deacon Samuel Lee and Mrs. Leosia P. Green on March 27, 1927. Green was a graduate of the Booker T. Washington High School and attended Old Dominion University. He received an Honorary Degree of Divinity at Trinity Hall College in Springfield, IL.
Bishop Green married Mother Vivian F. Green in 1948 and to that union nine children were born: Jurisdictional Supervisor Mother Jacqueline G. Holmes, Apostle Norvice G. Sellers, Bishop Dwight L. Green Sr., Pastor Samuel L. Green III, Missionary Nathalie G. Neal, Missionary Naomi G. Ward, Missionary Deborah G. Golden, Pastor Phillip X. Green and Pastor Michael D. Green. He was married to Vivian F. Green until she died in 2007, and remarried in 2008 to LueJinne F. Green.
Green was pastor at St. John's Church of God in Christ in Newport News, VA for 45 years. He was appointed to the office of Bishop by Bishop J. O. Patterson Sr. in 1973 and became the prelate of the Second Jurisdiction of Virginia. Under his leadership, the jurisdiction went from having 52 churches to 72 churches. In 1984, Bishop Green was appointed to the General Board of the Church of God in Christ. He officially retired from the General Board on November 12, 2012 and was declared an emeritus member of the General Board by Bishop Charles Blake.
Bishop Green died on June 26, 2016.
# Kyaw Zin

Kyaw Zin is a Burmese swimmer. He competed in the men’s 50 metre freestyle at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Guy Messenger

Kenneth Guy Messenger (27 February 1920 – 25 November 1993) was an English botanist best known for his research in Rutland Flora, his interest in elm trees, and highlighting the loss of plot elms.
Guy Messenger taught Biology at Uppingham School from 1949 to 1980. He was a council member of the Botanical Society of the British Isles and also the Leicestershire and Rutland Trust for Nature Conservation.
In addition to botanical research, he had an interest in Cartography and was a member of the Charles Close Society for the Study of Ordnance Survey Maps. Cambridge University Library's Map Department received a large donation of Ordnance Survey maps from his estate.

## Publications

Messenger, Guy (1971). Flora of Rutland. Leicester (New Walk, Leicester LE1 6TD: Leicester Museums and Art Gallery. ISBN 9780950043531.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
# Dunbrody (2001)

The Dunbrody is a three-masted barque built in New Ross between 1997 and 2001 by the J F Kennedy Trust . The build team involved participants of FAS community and unemployment schemes working with a core group of experienced shipwrights . The Trust refurbished a derelict dry dock for the build

## Background

Due to a funding pause the final fit-out including production of the standing and running rigging deckhouse, interior, electrics and plumbing was done by the German company navcon.naval consulting GmbH. The ship was converted to a Lloyd's Register approved passenger sailing vessel in 2006 by the German company Neptun Peenemuende GmbH. For this two main engines, a bowthruster, watertight bulkheads and a modern navigation system were added. The ship sailed to England twice in the following years.
The Dunbrody is a full-scale seagoing replica of the Dunbrody, launched in 1845 and wrecked in 1875.
Since May 2001 the replica Dunbrody has been open to visitors at the quayside in New Ross. Visitors can see an interactive exhibition and experience life on board an emigrant ship. There is also a large database, compiled in collaboration with the Balch Institute, of emigrants who sailed from England, Ireland, Scotland & Wales in the 19th century.
The hull was built with wood planking on wooden frames. The main deck was built from wooden planking on wooden deck beams. The rigging was done in 2001 with wooden masts, topmasts and spars with steel fittings. In 2006 the lower masts were changed to steel masts, but the Topmasts and spars remained the same.
In 2010 the engines and electronics were dismounted and the ship is now permanently moored alongside in New Ross.
# Launceston College

Launceston College may refer to:
* Launceston College, Cornwall, a school in Launceston, Cornwall, England
* Launceston College, Tasmania, a school in Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
# Canet d'Adri

Canet d'Adri (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the province of Girona and autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 44.30 square kilometres (17.10 sq mi) and the population in 2014 was 644.
# Oscar Pedersen (politician)

Oscar Adolf Pedersen (14 September 1885 – 1939) was a Norwegian newspaper editor and politician for the Labour and Social Democratic Labour Labour parties.
He was born in Haugesund. He was a subeditor in Arbeidet in 1908. In 1910 he was tried in the Supreme Court of Norway for conscientious objection. The sentence of 90 days prison was upheld. Later in 1910 he was called in for military service again; objected again and was sentenced to another 90 days. He appealed for pardon, but this was rejected. In 1911 he objected yet again, was sentenced for the third time, but was this time pardoned.$^{:226–227}$
From 1912 to 1919 he managed Arbeidernes Pressekontor. He resigned after being forced to fire a correspondent who was perceived as too rightist by the majority in the Labour Party. Pedersen edited the newspaper Arbeider-Politikken from 1921 to 1923, a newspaper for the right wing in the Labour Party. He was one of the first to suggest that a new party be formed as a split from the Labour Party,$^{:137}$ and he joined the Social Democratic Labour Party when it was formed in 1921. He represented the party in Oslo city council from 1923 to 1925.
He also edited Riksmålsbladet from 1926 to 1933, as a secretary in the Riksmål Society from 1920. He also chaired the Norwegian Union of Journalists and was a board member of the Norwegian Press Association. He died in 1939.$^{:611}$
# BMW R68

The BMW R68 is a 594 cc (36.2 cu in) sport version of the pre-1955 BMW motorcycles. A total of 1,452 models were manufactured from 1952 to 1954, making it one of BMW's rarest production motorcycles.

## History

In October 1951, at the German International Motorcycle Show in Frankfurt, BMW displayed a new high performance model. The machine had improved performance of 35 hp (26 kW) compared to the low-compression R67/2, a racing-type magneto, bigger bore 26 mm Bing carburetors and improved twin leading-shoe front brake. It also came with a more modern sporty narrow front fender rather than the deeply valanced fender used on other BMW twins. BMW announced the R68 as "The first 100 mph motorcycle." It was shown as a road bike, capable of 105 mph (169 km/h), with normal two low exhaust silencers, and an off-road version with a single high silencer. A separate pillion pad resembled a passenger saddle, but was provided for the rider to slide backward in order to crouch low for higher speeds.
For the 1954 model year, BMW introduced full-width brakes on the R68. Previously they had half-width brakes.
In the photo to the left are some of the unusual elements of the rear part of the R68. Note the exposed, hard chrome drive shaft connecting the rear drive on the left with the rear of the transmission on the right. A plunger attached to the rear drive limits vertical movement so the front of the drive shaft is connected to the transmission with a round rubber puck with holes to receive the drive shaft's attachment plate.
The hand-operated tire pump held under the frame has a swing-out lever so the rider can hold it down with his foot, unlike later BMW tire pumps.
The rider's saddle is suspended with a large chrome plated spring and is connected directly to the rear saddle so the rider can slide backward and crouch at higher speeds. Rear foot pegs were normally included for the rider to use when sliding on the rear saddle to crouch for high speeds.
The short vertical handle on the side of the transmission is often referred to as a mechanic's shifter.
A 1954 R68 restored by Tim Stafford of San Diego took second place among German motorcycles at the 2012 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance.
# Scamaphis equestris

Scamaphis equestris is a species of mite in the family Eviphididae.
# Radeberg

Radeberg is a small town in the district of Bautzen, Saxony, Germany. It is located approximately 20 kilometres north-east of Dresden. The town has an Evangelical and a Roman Catholic church, and an old castle.

## History

Radeberg was mentioned for the first time in 1219, when farmers settled on the country to the large Roeder. The name of the place is probably derived from this river. In less than 150 years a market place, a castle and own units developed. In the year 1412 the municipal law was lent to the small market town.
500 years ago silver was found close of the town. The discovery site was thereupon renamed as Silver Hill. The mine was however quickly exhausted.
A labour camp of the Reich Labour Service was operated in the town under Nazi Germany. During World War II, the Nazis operated a forced labour camp for men and women in the town. During the final stages of the war, on April 22, 1945, the Polish 1st Armoured Corps captured the town.

## Industry

Its principal industries are the manufacture of glass, machinery, furniture and paper, and it produces a light lager "Radeberger Beer" which is largely exported. The company Robotron Elektronik Radeberg, formerly well known in East Germany for the production of portable television sets and powerful data processing equipment, was there. The Radeberger Brewery was founded in 1872, and is part of the Oetker Group. It brews Radeberger Pilsner, a 4.8% abv pale lager.

## Transportation

The town is accessible by Radeberg railway station of Deutsche Bahn.

## Notable people

(Chronological order)
* Johannes Gelbke (1846–1903), German classical composer
* Theodor Arldt (1878–1960), German nature scientist, paleontologist, writer, teacher
* Georg Naumann (1901–1978), pioneering the exploration of northwest Canada / Alberta, esp. oil sands research
* Erhard Fischer (1922–1996), German music and theatre director
* Christian Leuckert (1930 - 2011), German botanist and lichenologist
* Hartmut Schade (born 1954), football player
* Thomas Scheibitz (born 1968), painter and sculptor
# Kusowo

Kusowo may refer to the following places:
* Kusowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Kusowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
* Kusowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Gérard Gaudron

Gérard Gaudron (26 May 1949 – 7 April 2024) was a French politician who was the mayor of Aulnay-sous-Bois between 2003 and 2008, and a member of the National Assembly of France between 2007 and 2012, where he represented the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and he was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. Gaudron died on 7 April 2024, at the age of 74.