OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Article 7A (New York City housing code)

Article 7A of the New York Real Property Actions and Proceedings Law (RPAPL) enables that "a housing court judge appoints an administrator to collect the building's rents and use them for repairs" as an alternative to "fruitless rent strikes." About 10% per year of those appointed in the 1980s were removed, and money accountability problems also occurred. This law can also help expedite repairs, such as after a fire.
It is operated by the New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD), and this is "intended to protect residential tentants from negligent landlords."

## History

7A was enacted in 1965. Its use was uncommon until 1977, at which time payments to administrators became "sufficiently remunerative." In 1981, The New York Times cited that "city housing officials estimate that 300-some buildings" were in the program.
While a building is under 7A, since "rents are going toward repairs, landlords must make tax and mortgage payments from other income during this period." One landlord commented that "It is an extreme measure, but the administrator functions as a conservator." The New York Post wrote in 1988 that "critics of 7A say it is so poorly supervised that incompetent and even corrupt administrators have gotten away with years of mispending a building's rent roll." Their page and a half expose was followed by a quarter page "A success story" about one woman (who) "administers several buildings in the 7A program" and applied for government funding to supplement the rent roll.
One change that strengthened its use was allowing HPD to go to court without awaiting complaints from the originally required one third of the tenants. In some cases, the building, after repairs have been made, goes "to a new owner who has bought the building in the interim."
Attempts to permit tenants to be administrators were described as "a good idea in theory, but practically there are problems."
By 1989, HPD was more actively involved, including "training and assisting 7A administrators and playing a role in helping judges to appoint them." Also, a "three-month, two-day-a-week training program" was instituted.
# Shaker Loops

Shaker Loops is a 1978 composition by American composer John Adams, originally written for string septet. The original "modular" score, published by Associated Music Publisher, has since been withdrawn and replaced by a 1983 string orchestra version. This version was first performed in April of that year at Alice Tully Hall, New York, by the American Composers Orchestra, conducted by Michael Tilson Thomas. The string orchestra version can be played either by a septet of soloists or by a string orchestra of any size, where the violins are divided into 3 parts throughout.
The work is in four movements.
* Shaking and Trembling
* Hymning Slews
* Loops and Verses
* A Final Shaking

## History

Shaker Loops began as a piece called Wavemaker in which Adams tried to emulate the ripple effect of bodies of water in his music. The piece was a commercial failure, but Adams kept the idea of repeating loops of oscillations on string instruments. He retitled the piece Shaker Loops, both because of the "shaking" of the strings as they oscillate between notes and the idea Adams had of Shakers dancing to repetitive, energetic music.

## Recordings

Several recordings of the string orchestra version have been released on CD, including one by Edo de Waart and the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra for Philips Records.

## Appearances in other media

* The first movement of Shaker Loops was featured in the 1987 film Barfly.
* The first three movements are part of the sound track to the video game, Civilization IV.
* The first movement was arranged and given lyrics and vocals and by Jon Anderson on his album, Change We Must.
* The last two movements were used in the 2009 film I Am Love.
* The piece was used in the Bluecoats Drum and Bugle Corps (a member of Drum Corps International) 2015 program "Kinetic Noise"
* The third movement was used in the series The Young Pope
* The piece was used in the Boston Crusaders Drum and Bugle Corps (a member of Drum Corps International) 2024 program "Glitch"
# Gone (Beasts of Bourbon album)

Gone is the fifth studio album by the Australian rock band Beasts of Bourbon, released in 1996.

## Track listing

* "Saturated" (Words: Charlie Owen, Ian Rilen, Music: Owen) - 3:53
* "Fake" (Words: Tex Perkins, Music: Beasts of Bourbon) - 4:07
* "Makem Cry" (Words: Perkins, Music: Spencer P. Jones) - 1:48
* "Mullett" (Beasts of Bourbon) - 1:36
* "Get On" (Words: Perkins, Music: Beasts of Bourbon) - 2:54
* "I S'pose" (Words: Perkins, Music: Jones) - 4:08
* "What a Way to Live" (Words: Brian Hooper, Music: Owen) - 4:16
* "That Sinking Feeling Again" (Words: Owen, Perkins, Music: Owen) - 3:01
* "So Long" (Words: Perkins, Music: Hooper) - 3:22
* "Is That Love" (Words: Perkins, Music: Owen) - 3:45
* "This Day is Over" (Words: Perkins, Music: Owen) - 3:51
* "Unfolded" (Music: Jones) - 1:31

## Personnel

* Tex Perkins - vocals
* Spencer P. Jones - guitar
* Charlie Owen - guitar, harmonica, tambourine
* Brian Hooper - bass
* Tony Pola - drums

### Technical

* Tim Johnston - engineer
* Tony Cohen, Tim Johnston - recording
* Kristyna Higgins - cover photography
# Calandria

Calandria may refer to:
* Calandria (nuclear reactor), the CANDU reactor
* La Calandria (play), a comedy of the Italian Renaissance
* Heating equipment used during brewing
* Plural form for the calandra lark, a bird species
* A thermosyphon reboiler
* A shell and tube heat exchanger
# Cryptodiscus

Cryptodiscus is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Stictidaceae.

## Species

As of August 2022, Species Fungorum accepts 15 species in Cryptodiscus:
* Cryptodiscus cladoniicola (D.Hawksw. & R.Sant.) Pino-Bodas, Zhurb. & S.Stenroos (2017)
* Cryptodiscus epicladonia Zhurb. & Pino-Bodas (2017)
* Cryptodiscus foveolaris (Rehm) Rehm (1888)
* Cryptodiscus galaninae Zhurb. & Pino-Bodas (2017)
* Cryptodiscus gloeocapsa (Nitschke ex Arnold) Baloch, Gilenstam & Wedin (2009)
* Cryptodiscus incolor Baloch (2009)
* Cryptodiscus microstoma (Carmich. ex W. Phillips) Sacc. (1889)
* Cryptodiscus minutissimus (Vězda) Baloch (2009)
* Cryptodiscus muriformis Fern.-Brime, Olariaga, Baral, Friebes, Jaklitsch, Senn-Irlet & Wedin (2017)
* Cryptodiscus pallidus (Pers.) Corda (1838)
* Cryptodiscus pini (Romell) Baloch, Gilenstam & Wedin (2009)
* Cryptodiscus pumilus Sherwood (1977)
* Cryptodiscus similis (Vězda) Baloch (2009)
* Cryptodiscus speratus Sherwood (1977)
* Cryptodiscus stereicola (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Sherwood (1977)
# Gli Aristocratici

Gli Aristocratici ("The Aristocrats") is an Italian comic strip series created in 1973 by Alfredo Castelli and Ferdinando Tacconi.

## Background

The comics was first published in 1973 by the comics magazine Il Corriere dei Ragazzi. It features a group of gentlemen thieves who donate to charity the money of their thefts. During their stories they also encountered famous literary and cinematographic characters such as Sherlock Holmes, James Bond or Inspector Clouseau.
The series obtained a moderate success in Italy and was translated in 18 foreign countries. In 1983 it generated a spin-off, Agente Allen, published by Il Giornalino. Gli Aristocratici also appeared, as supporting characters, in a number of stories of Martin Mystère.

## Characters

The main characters in the comic are:
* The Earl, a British gentleman and also the leader of the group,
* Moose, an Irish strongman,
* Alvaro, an Italian charmer and also a master of safes,
* Fritz, a German inventor,
* Jean, the Earl's adopted daughter
* Michael Allen, who works at Scotland Yard, and who sometimes tries to catch the Aristocrats and who sometimes needs their help. He is in love with Jean.
# Gmina Trzciel

Gmina Trzciel is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzciel, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-east of Międzyrzecz, 54 km (34 mi) north-east of Zielona Góra, and 60 km (37 mi) south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski.
The gmina covers an area of 177.35 square kilometres (68.5 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 6,451.
The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park.

## Villages

Apart from the town of Trzciel, Gmina Trzciel contains the villages and settlements of Bieleń, Brójce, Chociszewo, Jabłonka, Jasieniec, Łagowiec, Lutol Mokry, Lutol Suchy, Nowy Świat, Panowice, Rybojady, Siercz, Sierczynek, Smolniki, Stary Dwór, Świdwowiec and Żydowo.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Trzciel is bordered by the gminas of Miedzichowo, Międzyrzecz, Pszczew, Świebodzin, Szczaniec, Zbąszyń and Zbąszynek.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Gmina Trzciel is twinned with:
* Asendorf, Germany
* Brójce, Poland
* Falkenberg, Germany
# Bo, Yaba

Bo is a village in the Yaba Department of Nayala Province in north-western Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 1,116.
# Gobabis Residents' Association

The Gobabis Residents' Association (GRA) is a local political party in Gobabis, Namibia.
In the 1998 municipal elections GRA won 3 out of 7 seats in the Gobabis council. After the elections, GRA teamed up with SWAPO to rule the municipality, while observers would have expected that their main ally be the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance, an opposition party. Rosemarie Swart of GRA became deputy mayor and Priscilla Christiaans became the council's vice-chairperson. Both Swart and Christiaans, as well as GRA member Petrus van Zyl became members of the management committee.
In the May 2004 municipal elections, GRA received 1,031 votes (19.7%) and won only one seat, which went to Louis van der Merwe. The party did not contest the 2015 local authority election. Since gaining 681 votes in the 2020 local authority election the GRA has again one seat in the city council.
# Gobag

Gobag is a village in the Neturia CD block in the Raghunathpur subdivision of the Purulia district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography
### Location

Gobag is located at 23°35′52″N 86°45′31″E﻿ / ﻿23.5979°N 86.7587°E﻿ / 23.5979; 86.7587.

### Area overview

Purulia district forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills. Raghunathpur subdivision occupies the northern part of the district. 83.80% of the population of the subdivision lives in rural areas. However, there are pockets of urbanization and 16.20% of the population lives in urban areas. There are 14 census towns in the subdivision. It is presented in the map given alongside. There is a coal mining area around Parbelia and two thermal power plants are there – the 500 MW Santaldih Thermal Power Station and the 1200 MW Raghunathpur Thermal Power Station. The subdivision has a rich heritage of old temples, some of them belonging to the 11th century or earlier. The Banda Deul is a monument of national importance. The comparatively more recent in historical terms, Panchkot Raj has interesting and intriguing remains in the area.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India Gobag had a total population of 1,395 of which 715 (51%) were males and 680 (49%) were females. There were 165 persons in the age range of 0–6 years. The total number of literate persons in Gobag was 882 (71.71% of the population over 6 years).

## Civic administration
### CD block HQ

The headquarters of Neturia CD block are located at Gobag (Ramkanali).

## Transport

vteAdra–Asansol line :
Legend :
Ramkanali is a station on the Asansol-Adra line of South Eastern Railway.

## Education

Janardandih High School is a Bengali-medium coeducational institution established in 1950. It has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII. It has a library with 6,500 books.
Gobag Junior High School is a Bengali-medium girls only institution established in 2011. It has facilities for teaching from class V to class VIII.
Ramkanali Purushottam Vidyapith is an English-medium coeducation institution. It was established in 2006 by Dr. Chittaranjan Chowdhuri, as per the ideals of Sri Sri Thakur Anukul Chandra. It has facilities for teaching from pre-nursery to class XII. It has a boys hostel.

## Culture

Garh Panchkot is a ruined 16th century fort/ palace of the Panchkot Raj at the foot of the Panchet Hill.
Achkoda, located in this block, showcases aatchala-style temples with terracotta work on the walls. One of these temples is dedicated to Raghunath and it was constructed by the local landlord of the area. Other temples are mortuary temples of Vaishnava sadhaks.

## Healthcare

Harmadih Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Harmadih, is the major government medical facility in the Neturia CD block.
# Global Peace Dividend

The Global Peace Dividend initiative is a proposal for international negotiations to reduce military expenditure by 2% per year in all countries and use the funds liberated in the fight against planetary emergencies.
The proposal is signed by more than fifty Nobel Prize laureates, the presidents of several of the most important Academies of Sciences, a number of leading intellectuals, political and NGO leaders, and some celebrities. This initiative is organized by physicists Carlo Rovelli and Matteo Smerlak, who have co-authored opinion pieces
calling for attention to the proposal.

## Public Campaign

There is currently an active petition to gather public support on the platform Change.org.
# Bodrum International Ballet Festival

Bodrum International Ballet Festival (Turkish: Uluslararası Bodrum Bale Festivali) is an annual international ballet festival held in the Turkish port city Bodrum. Organised by Turkish State Opera and Ballet since 2002, the festival takes place during summer, usually around July and August. Bodrum Castle and Theatre of Halicarnassus are the main event venues during the festival.
Both national and international ballet groups and performers such as Vienna State Ballet, Sukhishvili Georgian National Ballet, Svetlana Zakharova, and Alonzo King LINES Ballet have performed in the event since its beginning.
# Gloeospermum

Gloeospermum is a plant genus in the Violaceae family. It has been found in Central American, including Panama, and Ecuador.
Species include:
* Gloeospermum boreale C.V.Morton
* Gloeospermum crassicarpum
* Gloeospermum diversipetalum
# Gloeosporium theae-sinensis

Gloeosporium theae-sinensis (syn. Colletotrichum theae-sinensis) is a plant pathogen.
# Gmina Brzeżno

Gmina Brzeżno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Brzeżno, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Świdwin and 80 km (50 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
The gmina covers an area of 110.84 square kilometres (42.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,856.

## Villages

Gmina Brzeżno contains the villages and settlements of Brzeżno, Chomętówko, Chomętowo, Grąbczewo, Grądzkie, Karsibór, Kłącko, Koszanowo, Miłoszewice, Mulite, Pęczerzyno, Pęczerzyński Młyn, Półchleb, Przyrzecze, Rzepczyno, Słonowice, Sonino, Więcław and Wilczkowo.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Brzeżno is bordered by the town of Świdwin and by the gminas of Drawsko Pomorskie, Łobez, Ostrowice and Świdwin.
# Gmina Brzeziny

Gmina Brzeziny may refer to either of the following rural administrative districts in Poland:
* Gmina Brzeziny, Łódź Voivodeship
* Gmina Brzeziny, Greater Poland Voivodeship
# Gmina Żarów

Gmina Żarów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Żarów, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Świdnica, and 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
The gmina covers an area of 87.98 square kilometres (34.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 12,412).

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Żarów is bordered by the gminas of Jaworzyna Śląska, Kostomłoty, Marcinowice, Mietków, Strzegom, Świdnica and Udanin.

## Villages

Apart from the town of Żarów, the gmina contains the villages of Bożanów, Buków, Gołaszyce, Imbramowice, Kalno, Kruków, Łażany, Marcinowiczki, Mielęcin, Mikoszowa, Mrowiny, Pożarzysko, Przyłęgów, Pyszczyn, Siedlimowice, Wierzbna and Zastruże.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Gmina Żarów is twinned with:
* Lohmar, Germany
* Nymburk, Czech Republic
* Újfehértó, Hungary
# Gmina Żerków

Gmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north of Jarocin and 58 km (36 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.
The gmina covers an area of 170.5 square kilometres (65.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina Żerków contains the villages and settlements of Antonin, Bieździadów, Brzóstków, Chrzan, Chwałów, Dobieszczyzna, Gąsiorów, Gęczew, Kamień, Komorze Przybysławskie, Kretków, Laski, Lgów, Lisew, Lubinia Mała, Ludwinów, Miniszew, Paruchów, Parzewnia, Pawłowice, Podlesie, Pogorzelica, Prusinów, Przybysław, Raszewy, Rogaszyce, Rozmarynów, Siekierzyn, Sierszew, Śmiełów, Stęgosz, Sucha, Szczonów, Żerniki and Żółków.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Żerków is bordered by the gminas of Czermin, Gizałki, Jarocin, Kołaczkowo, Kotlin, Miłosław, Nowe Miasto nad Wartą and Pyzdry.
# Gold Vol. 2

Gold Vol. 2 is a French-language compilation album by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released in France by Versailles on 2 October 1995. It features fourteen rare songs recorded between 1983 and 1987, including the whole Incognito album. In France, it was certified Gold. Gold Vol. 2 was also released in Belgium reaching number fifty-one on the chart in Wallonia.

## Background, content and commercial performance

After the success of D'eux, which became the best-selling French-language album of all time, Versailles issued Gold Vol. 2 on 2 October 1995, a second compilation (after Gold Vol. 1) of Dion's early and rare recordings from the '80s. It includes the whole 1987 album, Incognito. Gold Vol. 2 peaked at number fifty-one in Belgium Wallonia in May 1996 and was certified Gold in France in 1998 and sold 130,000 copies. In 1997, the album was re-released as Les premières chansons vol. 2.

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for Gold Vol. 2 :
| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 51 |

## Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for Gold Vol. 2 :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | Gold | 100,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Release history for Gold Vol. 2 :
| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| France | 2 October 1995 | Versailles | CD | VER 481431 2 |
# Bolbostemma

Bolbostemma is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae.
Its native range is Southern Central China.
Species:
* Bolbostemma biglandulosum (Hemsl.) Franquet
* Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet
# Bomberman Live

Bomberman Live is a downloadable video game for the Xbox Live Arcade, developed by Backbone Entertainment as part of the Bomberman franchise. The game was announced on May 16, 2007 and released later that year. It would later see a retail release as part of the 2009 Xbox Live Arcade Game Pack.
A sequel, Bomberman Live: Battlefest, was released in 2010.

## Gameplay

Anywhere from two to eight players compete in a battle or tournament, both of which consist of a series of individual rounds. In a tournament, the number of rounds is set at the beginning, whereas in a battle, play continues until one player has reached a set number of wins. In each round, the players are placed within a map, and use their arsenal of bombs to attack each other until only one is left standing. Players can also use their bombs to destroy bricks in the map, opening new routes and potentially revealing power-ups.

## Development
### Downloadable content

On August 29, 2007, Bomb-Up Pack 1 was made available for download on Xbox Live Marketplace. On September 26, 2007, Bomb-Up Pack 2 became available. On December 26, 2007, Bomb-Up Pack 3 was made available.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 84/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| 1Up.com | A |
| Eurogamer | 8/10 |
| GamePro | |
| GameSpot | 7.5/10 |
| GameZone | 8.5/10 |
| Hardcore Gamer | 4.5/5 |
| IGN | 8.4/10 |
| Official Xbox Magazine (US) | 8.5/10 |
| Retro Gamer | 82% |
| TeamXbox | 9.3/10 |
The game received "favorable" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. GameSpot said, "this ten-dollar game (800 Live points) will give you plenty of bang for your buck." IGN said, "The game is a ton of fun, very dynamic in terms of gameplay, and more than worth the asking price."
The game sold more than 600,000 units by December 2010.
# Bomberman Land (PSP)

Bomberman Land, known in Japan as Bomberman Land Portable (ボンバーマンランド ポータブル, Bonbāman Rando Pōtaburu), is a video game released for PlayStation Portable on 21 March 2007 in Japan, and in North America and the PAL region in 2008. Part of the Bomberman franchise, it is the sixth game in the Bomberman Land series and the portable counterpart to the console version released for the Nintendo Wii in the same month.

## Gameplay

The main game progresses through a series of mini-games, with story scenes in between some of them. The classic multiplayer battle mode can be played with up to 4 players, one per system, with just one copy of the game. Multiplayer mode can also work with most of the Story mode's mini-games.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 55/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| 1Up.com | C |
| Famitsu | 23/40 |
| GamePro | 3.25/5 |
| GameSpot | 6/10 |
| GamesRadar+ | |
| GameZone | 6/10 |
| IGN | 6.9/10 |
| PlayStation Official Magazine – UK | 4/10 |
| PlayStation: The Official Magazine | |
| PSM3 | 45% |
The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 23 out of 40.