OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jean-Louis Giraud Soulavie

Jean-Louis Giraud Soulavie (8 July 1752 – 11 March 1813) was a French clergyman, geologist, and writer. He was among the first to recognize ecological constraints in the distribution of species and noted altitudinal limits to some plants in 1784, drawing transverse distribution maps about 23 ahead of Humboldt and Bonpland. Soulavie was an active participant in the French Revolution, joining the Jacobin club, and survived despite being in favour of Robespierre. His geological studies suggested to him that the earth was several million years old but on orders from the church, he eschewed geology.

## Life and work

Born in Ardèche, France, he began his career at the Saint-Nicolas college and the Saint-Esprit seminary being ordained a priest in 1776. He initially served as vicar in Antraigues and moved around. Despite his ecclesiastical office, he spent much of his time studying the geology of his home in Southern France until he moved to Paris in 1778.
He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1786.
In 1780, with the backing of the Académie des Sciences, he began publishing volumes of his Histoire naturelle de la France Méridionale (1780–1784), which documented his geological and natural studies. Published in seven volumes, he was forced by the church to stop writing on geology after the fifth as it went against a literal reading of the bible. His suggestion on erosion and sediment accumulation implied that the earth was millions of years old. After arguments with Abbe Augustin de Barruel, the first volume was censored and republished. Soulavie's work influenced the thinking of Benjamin Franklin. He frequented the salons of Paris and joined the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-lettres. Upon the onset of the French Revolution, he backed the liberal reformists, represented the clergy at the Estates-General, and supported the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (1790).
Two years later, he married and gained permission from the Pope to leave the priesthood. Having established himself in the literary world after compiling and publishing memoirs and correspondences of notable French historical figures, he earned the task of doing the same for the then recently dethroned King Louis XVI.
He died in Paris.
# Zion Union Heritage Museum

The Zion Union Heritage Museum is a museum dedicated to African American and Cape Verdean American history that is located in Hyannis, Massachusetts. It opened in 2008.
# Zospeum zaldivarae

Zospeum zaldivarae is a cave-dwelling species of air-breathing land snail.

## Description

This species has an average shell height of ca. 1.5 mm and an average shell width of ca. 1.2 mm. It is larger, wider and less elongated compared to other Zospeum species. The shell is transparent, when fresh, and chalky white with age. It has a turbinate-conical shape with approximately 5 1/2 regularly coiled, convex, rounded whorls. The last whorl is large, tumid and encompasses ca. 2/3 of the shell height. The opening (aperture) of the shell is crescent-shaped. Zospesum zaldivarae seems to be polymorphic regarding the presence/absence of the apertural barriers. Some individuals show an apertural dentition, some not. The apertural dentition (if any) consists of a small, short lamella on the parietal wall and a tooth on the parietal-columellar corner of the peristome. The columellar and palatal-basal lip are narrowly reflected. The umbilicus is closed, and the umbilical depression is deep. The teleoconch possess irregular axial striae or blunt growth lines, which are often crossed by a spiral element. In a small area immediately behind the palatal-basal lip some axial ribbing were observed. The peristome is higher than wide, taking up about half of the shell height. It is closely adhering to the spire and has an angular shape with a straight palatal-columellar callus.

## Discovery

Zospeum zaldivarae was discovered in the Cueva de Las Paúles in the Sierra Salvada in the Province of Burgos in Northern Spain by the biologist and speleologist Pilar Zaldívar in the 1980s.

## Taxonomy

Zospeum zaldivarae is named after Pilar Zaldívar, who is part of the Niphargus Speleoloical Team and discovered the species.

## Distribution

This species is only known from the type locality, Cueva de Las Paúles in the Sierra Salvada in the Province Burgos in Northern Spain.

## Ecology

Zospeum zaldivarae was identified on moist, muddy walls in a karst cave at an altitude of ca. 840 m. They were found embedded in a muddy sediment matrix, interspersed with a yellow- and white-coloured fungal aggregation.

## Conservation

Currently, Zospeum zaldivarae is known to inhabit only one locality. This locality is relatively easily accessible to the public and thereby threatened. Due to the limitation of the species to one locality and according to the Guidelines of the IUCN Red List, it is a vulnerable, narrow range endemic.
# Zossed in Space

Zossed in Space is an action video game written by Jyym Pearson for the TRS-80 and published by Adventure International in 1981.

## Gameplay

In Zossed in Space the player collects trading units and eliminates enemy ships in many sectors of space.

## Reception

John L. Vogel reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "This is the kind of game you can introduce to a visitor with only a couple of minutes instruction, as well as play yourself on a continuing basis. If you find yourself stuffing too many quarters into arcade machines, this is a fairly good alternative."
# Jean-Baptiste Le Carpentier

Jean-Baptiste Le Carpentier (1 June 1759, Helleville - 27 January 1829, Mont-Saint-Michel) was a French political activist from Normandy.

## Sources

* Histoire et dictionnaire de la Révolution française 1789-1799 by Jean Tulard, Jean-François Fayard, Alfred Fierro
* La Terreur à Port-Malo by Etienne Maignen, bulletin et mémoires de la Société archéologique et historique d'Ille-et-Vilaine,t.CVIII, 2004
# Deer Pond (Plymouth, Massachusetts)

Deer Pond is an 11-acre (45,000 m$^2$) pond in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The pond is located southeast of Fawn Pond and northwest of the eastern basin of White Island Pond.
# Jean de Coninck

Jean de Coninck (1744–1807) was a Dutch-Danish merchant and ship-owner. In 1785, he joined his elder brother, Frédéric de Coninck, as partner in the Copenhagen-based trading house Coninck & Reiersen. He purchased the country house Marienborg in 1803 and was from 1806 a co-owner of the Royal Danish Silk Manufactury in Bredgade. He served as Russian consul in Copenhagen.

## Biography

Jean de Coninck was born in the Netherlands, the son of Jean de Coninck (1692–1774) and Susanne Esther de Rapin de Thoyras (1710–1785).
His first wife, Theodora van Schellebeck (1755–1783), died just 23 years old in Holland. de Coninck moved to Copenhagen in 1784. On 7 January 1785, he was married to Christiane Cathrine Reiersen (1755–1789), a younger sister of Niels Lunde Reiersen. In early February, he replaced Reiersen as partner of Coninck & Reiersen.
de Coninck's wife gave birth to daughter Anna Elisabeth in 1786 and son Jean Frederik in 1788. She died in labour with their third child in 1789.
In 1806, Coninck purchased the Royal Danish Silk Manufactury in Bredgade in a partnership with his brother, Charles August Selby and William Duntzfelt. In 1803. he purchased the country house Marienborg. He died in 1807.

## Family

He had the following children:
* Pierre de Coninck
* Sophie Marie de Coninck
* Henriette Charlotte de Coninck
* Charles Auguste de Coninck
* Paul Emile de Coninck
* William de Coninck
* Anne Elisabeth de Coninck
* Jean Frédéric de Coninck
# Defence Minister of Nigeria

The Federal Minister of Defence of Nigeria is the Federal Executive Council official who leads the Defence Ministry of Nigeria. The Defence Minister's main responsibility is to manage all branches of the Nigerian Armed Forces, to maintain a modern, competent, and professional military force for the protection of the national territory, maritime interests, airspace, and constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

## Ministers of Defence

| Name | Term |
| First Nigerian Republic ||
| Muhammadu Ribadu | 1960–1965 |
| Inuwa Wada | 1965–1966 |
| Nigerian military junta of 1966–1979 ||
| Yakubu Gowon | 1966–1975 |
| Illiya Bisalla | 1975–1976 |
| Olusegun Obasanjo | 1976–1979 |
| Second Nigerian Republic ||
| Iya Abubakar | 1979–1981 |
| Akanbi Oniyangi | 1981–1983 |
| Nigerian military junta of 1983–1999 ||
| Domkat Bali | 1984–1990 |
| Sani Abacha | August 1990–June 1998 |
| Abdulsalami Abubakar | June 1998–May 1999 |
| Fourth Nigerian Republic ||
| Theophilus Danjuma | 1999–2003 |
| Rabiu Kwankwaso | 2003–2007 |
| Yayale Ahmed | 2007–2008 |
| Shettima Mustapha | 2008–2009 |
| Godwin Abbe | 2009–2010 |
| Adetokunbo Kayode | 2010–2011 |
| Haliru Mohammed Bello | July 2011–June 2012 |
| Olusola Obada | July 2012–September 2013 |
| Labaran Maku (Supervising) | September 2013–March 2014 |
| Aliyu Mohammed Gusau | March 2014–May 2015 |
| Mansur Mohammed Dan Ali | November 2015–May 2019 |
| Bashir Salihi Magashi | 21 August 2019–29 May 2023 |
| Mohammed Badaru Abubakar | 21 August 2023–present |
# Jean-Édouard Bommer

Joseph (Jean) Édouard Bommer (16 November 1829, Brussels – 19 February 1895, Brussels) was a Belgian botanist specializing in the field of pteridology. He was the husband of mycologist Elise Caroline Destrée de Bommer (1832-1910).
Despite no formal training in botany, in 1856 he acquired a position as an assistant at the Jardin Botanique National de Belgique. Here, he later served as curator and as a provisional director. In 1870 he became a professor at the state horticultural school in Vilvorde, followed by a professorship in botany at the University of Brussels (1872).
In 1862 he was a founding member of the Société Royale de Botanique de Belgique. He was also co-founder of the Société Belge de Microscopie.
Although he worked on different types of plants, he was primarily interested in ferns. At the time of his death, he was working on a monograph of the maidenhair fern genus, Adiantum. The genus Bommeria (E.Fourn. ex Baill.) of the family Pteridaceae is named in his honor.

## Selected publications

* Monographie de la classe des fougères : classification, 1867 - Monograph on ferns; classification.
* Notice sur le Jardin botanique de Bruxelles, 1871.
* Sur l'amylogenèse dans la règne végétal, 1874 - On amylogenesis within the plant kingdom.
# Ahirauli Baghel

Ahirauli Baghel is an Indian village located in Uttar Pradesh, India. Ahirauli Baghel comes under Bankata Block of Deoria district. It belongs to Gorakhpur division. It is located 47 KM towards East from district headquarter Deoria. It distance is 374 KM from State capital Lucknow. Bhojpuri and Hindi is the primary language spoken in this village .

## Demographics

As of 2011 Indian Census, Ahirauli Baghel had a total population of 5,655 of which 2,848 were males and 2,807 were females. Population within the age group of 0 — 6 years was 795. Which makes up 14.06 % of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Ahirauli Baghel village is 986 which is higher than Uttar Pradesh state average of 912. Child Sex Ratio for the Ahirouli Baghel as per census is 836, lower than Uttar Pradesh average of 902. Ahirauli Baghel village has higher literacy rate compared to Uttar Pradesh. In 2011, literacy rate of Ahirauli Baghel village was 75.84 % compared to 67.68 % of Uttar Pradesh. In Ahirauli Baghel Male literacy stands at 88.99 % while female literacy rate was 62.86 %.

## Education

The village has two inter colleges, named Sangram Singh Baghel Inter College and Sri Lakhan Ji Inter College. During the 1960s and 1970s, there was hardly a Science faculty school where Science education could be given to students of the area. In 1970s Science education was started in Sangram Singh Baghel Inter College. There is also a girls school which provides education up to the 8th standard named after Former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Late Vir Bahadur Singh, a primary school near Baram Baba Dev Sthaan. Village has professional education institute Lalita Devi college of Education offering courses like Bachelor in Education, BTC Training, Pharmacy Education.

## Health

A Primary Health Center is located about a half kilometre from the village, with a few hospitals and doctors accessible in a 30 to 40 km range. For more advanced medical facilities, one must go to Deoria, the district centre, and further to Gorakhpur for higher health facilities.
# Framo

Framo may refer to:
* Framo AS, a Norwegian supplier of submerged cargo pumps
* Framo (car), a former German automobile brand

## People with the surname Framo

* James Framo (1922–2001), American family therapist
# Chikara (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Chikara (Japanese for "power") is a compilation album by American rock band Kiss, released in 1988 on Polystar.

## Background

The album was released on CD only in Japan in support of Kiss' 1988 Japanese tour. It was limited to 100,000 copies and has long been out of print. Early copies included a special sew-on patch of the Chikara symbol. One item of note is that this was the only official compact disc release of the extended 12" single version of the song "I Was Made for Lovin' You", until the 4-track "Psycho Circus" single in 1998.

## Track listing

The booklet incorrectly lists the three Creatures of the Night tracks as remixes. These tracks were taken from the 1985 remastering of the album. Only the title track is remixed. The tracks are not unique to this CD.
There is some debate as to the sourcing of the tracks. There is an odd fade-out of "Detroit Rock City" and an early fade-out/cutoff of "All Hell's Breakin’ Loose" as examples.

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak position |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 32 |
# Hawkes

Hawkes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Albert W. Hawkes (1878–1971), Senator from New Jersey
* Aristazabal Hawkes, member of the band, Guillemots
* Brady Hawkes, fictional character played by Kenny Rogers in The Gambler, TV movie series
* Brent Hawkes (1950), Canadian clergyman and gay rights activist
* Christopher Hawkes (1905–1992), English archaeologist
* Chesney Hawkes (1971), English musician and actor
* David Hawkes (disambiguation), multiple people including:
** David Hawkes (scholar) (1923–2009), British sinologist
* George Wright Hawkes (1821–1908), lay Anglican churchman in Adelaide, South Australia
Giles Hawkes Doctor-GP Graham (Harry) Hawkes City Jobber - London Stock Exchange
* Graham Hawkes (1947), submarine engineer and entrepreneur
* Greg Hawkes (1952), keyboardist for The Cars
* Howard Hawkes (1894–1970), American football coach
* J. H. M. Hawkes (1851–1944), businessman of Adelaide, South Australia
* Jacquetta Hawkes (1910–1996), British archaeologist
* James S. Hawkes (1856–1919), Australian accountant and civil engineer
* Jane Hawkes, Art Historian
* Jeff Hawkes (1953), South African professional golfer
* Jim Hawkes (1934–2019), Canadian MP
* John Hawkes (disambiguation), several names including
   * John Hawkes (actor), born John Marvin Perkins in 1959, US actor
* Kristen Hawkes, American anthropologist
* Leonard Hawkes (1891–1981), British geologist
* Michael Hawkes (1977), American football player
* Onéra Amelia Merritt-Hawkes (1877–1951), zoologist, travel writer
* Rechelle Hawkes (1967), Australian hockey player
* Sheldon Hawkes, fictional character played by Hill Harper in CSI: NY, television series
* Sonia Chadwick Hawkes (1933–1999), British archaeologist
* Terri Hawkes (1958), Canadian actor
* Robert Hawkes (1880–1945), College Professor
# Heather Artinian

Heather Artinian (born 1993) is a Deaf American lawyer who was the subject of the documentary Sound and Fury when she was a child. Although her parents initially opposed letting her get the cochlear implant, they eventually let her get one in 2002, and she went on to attend a mainstream school.

## Early life

Born to Deaf parents and fluent in American Sign Language, she was heavily featured in the 2000 documentary Sound and Fury, which highlighted the controversy surrounding cochlear implants. In the film, she asks her parents for a cochlear implant since she wants to be able to hear and speak. Her family took the time to research it, visiting a cochlear implant center, an oral school, and meeting with recipients. Heather's mother, Nita, even began to consider getting an implant for herself. While at first she believed that it wouldn't help her speech much due to her age, after seeing her children's experience with them, years later Nita went on to also become a cochlear implant user.
Heather's hearing grandparents strongly supported letting her get the implant, with her grandmother helping her practice her speech throughout the film. With growing concerns that the implant would distance Heather from Deaf culture and her family, the family chose to move to Maryland so that she could attend the Maryland School for the Deaf, one of the best schools for the Deaf in the country. In Maryland, she grew up with Deaf friends, and grew to feel that a cochlear implant would be unnecessary. At age seven, she developed an interest in becoming a lawyer.

## Cochlear implant

When her family returned to New York, she decided to ask for a cochlear implant again, since most people in the area did not know how to sign unlike where she lived in Maryland, and she had learned about her father being denied a promotion because of his deafness. With her grandparents putting additional pressure on her parents to let her get the implant, her parents let her get it, and later her mother and brothers got implanted too. She received her first cochlear implant in September 2002 when she was nine years old, and began intensive speech therapy afterwards, making significant progress and soon switching to a mainstream school where she was the only deaf student. Three years later, she appeared in a follow-up documentary about her life with the implant – Sound and Fury: 6 Years Later.

## Career

After graduating from the mainstream school with high grades she attended Georgetown University, which she graduated from in 2015 before going on to attend Harvard Law School, where she received a JD in 2018. While at Georgetown she gave a TEDx talk about bridging the Deaf world and the hearing world. After graduating from Harvard she got a job as a lawyer at Latham & Watkins.
# Heerdt

Heerdt is one of the older quarters of the city of Düsseldorf, part of Borough 4. Heerdt and its neighbouring quarters Oberkassel, Niederkassel and Lörick lie on the left side of the river Rhine, opposite to the other districts of Düsseldorf and the central district. Heerdt has an area of 4.05 km$^2$ (1.56 sq mi), and 12,395 inhabitants (2020).
Heerdt is connected to the centre of the city by three bridges, the Oberkassler Brücke, the Rheinkniebrücke and the Theodor-Heuss-Brücke. Cars, bikes and pedestrians can use all bridges. The Oberkassler Brücke is used by some tram and underground lines running between the districts on both sides of the river. There is a direct connection to the motorway 52 heading to Krefeld and Mönchengladbach. The tram lines U70 and U76 connect Heerdt with Meerbusch and Krefeld (and the central districts, too), the line U75 with Neuss.
Heerdt was first mentioned in the 11th century. For centuries Heerdt was strongly connected to the neighbouring town of Neuss. From 1794 to 1814, Neuss was part of France during the reign of Napoleon. At the end of the 19th century the construction of the first permanent bridge between Düsseldorf and Heerdt changed things. Heerdt became industrialised. Until today the structure of Heerdt shows the era of industrialisation, but there are a lot of relics of the old Heerdt, especially the old churches.
# Hedley Vicars Storey

Bookseller and author Hedley Vicars Storey was born in 1870 in Northamptonshire, England. His father admired Captain Hedley Vicars, who fought at Sebastopol, and named his son after the soldier.
Storey married in Islington in 1898.
In 1907, Storey published his first book, Oxford Herald: A Literary Guide for Social Reformers. In 1910 he published two collections of poems through the Shelley Book Agency. Home Once More and other First Poems was dedicated to his wife in the preface dated 7 November 1909 which he wrote whilst at Shelley House in Oxford. The other collection was Britannia Poems, Social, Political and Satirical.
In 1908 Storey along with Cottrell Stephen Frederic Horser (born in 1866) began selling books at 33 High Street Oxford in the shop previously run by James Thornton. Storey left the business at 33 High Street in 1912, which from then on was run by Cottrell Horser alone. Storey moved to London to continue working as a bookseller.
He knew Christopher Sclater Millard, because Millard signed a copy of his bibliography "To my good friend H.V. Storey" in July 1914.
In 1915 Kibble and Co. published Officers and Men. Patriotic Song for which Storey wrote the words.
Storey died in 1929.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Frigento

The Diocese of Frigento (Latin: Dioecesis Frequentina) was a Roman Catholic diocese located in the town of Frigento in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. In 1466, it was united with the Diocese of Avellino to form the Diocese of Avellino e Frigento. It was restored as a Titular Episcopal See in 1970.

## Ordinaries

* Battista de Ventura (1455–1465 Appointed, Bishop of Avellino e Frigento)
# Hautevelle

Hautevelle (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Haute-Saône department, in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, eastern France.
# Heart Cambridge

Heart 103 (formerly Q103) was an Independent Local Radio station broadcasting to Cambridge on 103.0 MHz and DAB Digital Radio. Heart also broadcast in Newmarket and Haverhill on 97.4 MHz.

## History

The station was originally owned by Mid-Anglia Radio and began life as CNFM (Cambridge and Newmarket FM) in February 1989, before being renamed to Q103 FM in June 1994 when it was acquired by the GWR Group.
In 2004 the name was slightly adjusted to Q103 Cambridge after their launch on DAB Digital Radio. On 1 August 2007, Q103 reverted to their 2004 strapline of "Today's Best Mix", also dropping the "Cambridge" from their name to reflect the newly extended TSA area (covering Haverhill and the longly served Newmarket on the Cambridgeshire-Suffolk border). Q103 also introduced their new jingle package. On Monday 30 June 2008, Q103 along with other One Network stations adopted the strapline More Music Variety, in essence a reversion to the previous strapline.
On 5 January 2009, the station was rebranded as Heart Cambridge.
On 21 June 2010, Global Radio announced plans to merge Heart Cambridge’s programming with Heart Peterborough as part of plans to reduce the Heart network of stations from 33 to 16. The new station, Heart Cambridgeshire began broadcasting from Peterborough on Friday 2 July 2010. On 19 September 2011, the station announced it would relocate to the former Q103 studios just outside Cambridge, in Histon.
On 3 June 2019 a new national breakfast show launched, broadcast live from Leicester Square and hosted by Jamie Theakston and Amanda Holden. Hannah Clarkson became the host of a new Heart East drive show, broadcast from Milton Keynes with the Cambridge studios closing.

## Past Straplines

* A Better Music Mix for Cambridge
* Today's Better Music Mix
* Cambridge's Music Station
* Today's Best Mix
* More Music, Less Talk
* Today's Best Mix, Today's Best Variety
* The Best Mix of the 80s, 90s and Today
* More Music Variety
* Today's Best Mix
* More Music Variety for Cambridge
# Roger Rocher

Roger Rocher (February 6, 1920, Champlost–March 29, 1997, Saint-Étienne) was a French businessman. He was president of AS Saint-Étienne from 1961 to 1982.