OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Notturno (Schubert)

The Notturno in E-flat major, Op. 148 (D. 897), also called Adagio, is a nocturne for piano trio by Franz Schubert.

## Description

This substantial but relatively neglected piece has affinities with the slow movements of both the String Quintet in C major D. 956, and the Piano Trio No. 1 in B-flat, D 898. Completed in the Autumn of 1827, it is possibly a rejected slow movement of the Piano Trio No. 1. It has the sublime slowness of the string quintet movement (in one recording of the Notturno, by the Beaux Arts Trio, Schubert takes half a minute to leave the opening tonic harmony), together with a similar use of pizzicato at various points, and with the same paradoxical effect: the pizzicato decorations of the main tune seem to enhance the underlying tragedy of the music, rather than lightening it.
The main thematic idea has a characteristic common to a number of Schubert's most celebrated melodic ideas, including the second subjects of both the C major string quintet's first movement and the "Unfinished" Symphony No. 8's first movement: that of "not going anywhere", pitch-wise, but seeming to revolve round a single note (the third note of the scale in this case).

## Formal structure

The Notturno is in extended ternary form (ABABA). The first episode is in the 'Neapolitan' key, the flattened supertonic major (theoretically F flat, but written as E major). The main melodic idea of the episode is a three-note, dotted figure, which has an almost martial, march-like quality, despite the continued slowness of the music's underlying tempo, thus providing a contrast with the opening section while not disturbing the unity of the piece.
The second episode repeats the material of the first episode, but in the submediant major (C major).
The transition back to the opening material at the end of both episodes incorporates a long dominant preparation. The first of these transitions starts in F major, the key in which the first episode has ended, and progresses by a series of modulations to the home key of E flat, anchored by a bass line descending largely by step.
The second transition is tonally unnecessary, in the sense that the episode has already landed back on the tonic, E flat, with an emphatic cadence; but Schubert disguises this fact by carrying out a feint towards F major again, the key in which the first episode had ended. This excursion Schubert uses as an opportunity for further harmonic progressions.
In its third and final appearance the opening tune is decorated with trills in the upper register of the piano.

## Use in the media

The Notturno was used intermittently in the background during BBC Radio 4's July 2008 serialisation of Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady. It is also played during the end scene of the film Shall We Kiss?, as well as in some episodes of the third season of the American television series Hannibal.
# Nuba inscription

The Nuba inscription is an early Islamic text that was found in a mosque near Hebron.
The inscription identifies the Dome of the rock as "Bayt al Maqdis" or "The Holy Temple", "Beit haMikdash" in Hebrew This finding suggests that early Muslims were aware of the Temple Mount's significance as the site of the Jewish Temple and viewed the Dome of the Rock as a symbolic reestablishment of this sacred space.
The inscription reads,
   In the name of Allah, the merciful God, this territory, Nuba, and all its boundaries and its entire area, is an endowment to the Rock of Bayt al-Maqdis and the al-Aqsa Mosque, as it was dedicated by the Commander of the Faithful, ̒Umar iben al-Khattab for the sake of Allah the Almighty.
# Nox

Nox may refer to:

## Science and technology

* NO$_x$, a generic term for the mono-nitrogen oxides:
** Nitric oxide (NO)
** Nitrogen dioxide (NO$_2$)
* Nox (unit) (nx), a unit of illuminance
* Nox (platform), a piece of the software-defined networking ecosystem
* NADPH oxidase, a membrane-bound enzyme complex

## Entertainment

* Nox (Stargate), a race in the television series Stargate SG-1
* Nox (Marvel Comics), a fictional character appearing in the Marvel Comics universe, based loosely on Nyx of Greek mythology
* Nox (video game)
* Nox (band), a pop band from Hungary
* Nox, Noximilien, in the Wakfu cartoon series
* Nox, in the U.S. TV series Star-Crossed
* Nox, a fictional character in the series Incarnations of Immortality by Piers Anthony

## Other uses

* Nox (Night), the Roman equivalent of the Greek goddess Nyx
* Nox, Shropshire, a hamlet in England
* Nox (wrestler), ring name for Welsh professional wrestler Steffanie Rhiannon Newell
* N.O.X., another term used for Night of Pan
# Novo Leski

Novo Leski is a village in Hadzhidimovo Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria.

## Geography

The village is situated in the foothills of the Pirin Mountain in the valley of the Mesta River on the secondary international road between Gotse Delchev and Drama, Greece, 6 km west north-west of the town of Hadzhidimovo.

## History

The old village named Lyaski was located in the folds of Pirin, but in search of more fertile land, the village moved 2 kilometres to the east, in the valley of the Mesta river in 1927. Its current name means New Leski.
In the "Ethnography of the Provinces of Adrianople, Monastir and Thessaloniki", published in Istanbul in 1878 and reflecting the statistics of the male population from 1873, Lyaski is listed as a village with 75 households and 260 Bulgarian inhabitants. In 1889, Stefan Verkovic ("Topographical and Ethnographic Essay of Macedonia") noted Lyaski as a village with 72 Bulgarian houses. The Church of St. George in the village dates back to the beginning of the 19th century.
In 1891 Georgi Strezov wrote about the village:
"Lyaski, a village on the left bank of Toplitsa. It is 1 1/4 hours from Nevrokop. Fertile land in everything. Butchers in Nevrokop. Church "St. Georgi ”; Mass is said in Bulgarian and in Greek. Houses 195 Bulgarians. “
According to the statistics of Vasil Kanchov ("Macedonia. Ethnography and Statistics") at the end of the 19th century Lyaski had a population of 695, all Bulgarian Christians.
In a report to Ilarion Nevrokopski from 1909 he wrote about the village:
"Lyaski ... The old village is located in an ancient place in a ravine. Near the village there is an oak forest. The village has 186 Bulgarian houses. The population is engaged in agriculture and livestock breeding. Farmers work in the fields almost all summer. The fields are more Turkish. Some of the villagers work in Serres, Kavala, Drama, Greece. About 20 carpenters go to Bulgaria every year. People are poor, but hardworking and capable. The church "St. Georgi ”was built in 1844. The school is next to the church.
At the outbreak of the Balkan War in 1912, thirteen people from Lyaski volunteered for the Macedonian-Edirne voluntary militia .

## Economy and transportation

Agriculture and livestock breeding are the main sources of income in the village. Its situation on an international road is favourable for roadside businesses like stores and cafes.
There is a paper packaging facrory, owned by German investors.
Novo Leski is connected by secondary road № 19 with Gotse Delchev, Razlog and Sofia as well with the Greek towns Drama and Kavala and busses to Sofia and Blagoevgrad during all the day.
There are no educational institutions in the village. An elementary school named "Hristo Botev" was closed in 2009 year.

## Relligion

The inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The old church "St. George" is built in 1844 in the old village and is the only remaining building there. The church is restored and functional. In 1994 a church "St. Demetrius" has been built in the new village. There are also two chapels west of Novo Leski - "St. Marina" and "St. Elijah"
# Novosiolovca

Novosiolovca is a village in Taraclia District, Moldova.
# Nélson Almeida

Nélson de Almeida (born 6 April 1979) is an Angolan former professional tennis player.
Almeida, who was born in Luanda, earned world rankings in both singles and doubles. In 2000 he made an ATP Tour main draw appearance at the Estoril Open, as a wildcard pairing with Franco Mata in the doubles event. He played Davis Cup for Angola from 2001 to 2003, winning a team record 11 singles and six doubles rubbers.
# Null (radio)

In radio electronics, a null is a direction in an antenna's radiation pattern where the antenna radiates almost no radio waves, so the far field signal strength is a local minimum. Nulls occur because different parts of an antenna radiate radio waves of different phase. In directions at which the antenna radiates equal amplitude radio waves of opposite phase, the radio waves cancel, resulting in little or no radio power being radiated in that direction. In other directions the radio waves from different parts of the antenna are in phase and reinforce, resulting in a maximum signal strength in the radiation pattern, called a lobe.
In transmitting antennas designed to provide broad coverage nulls can be a problem, preventing reception in a given area. Null fill in the vertical plane is used to prevent this.

## Nulling antenna

Nulls can also be used to advantage. In a radio receiver the receiver's antenna can be adjusted so the direction of the interference source is located in a null of the antenna, to minimize reception of interference.
Nulls have also been used intentionally to prevent an antenna from broadcasting to a certain area. For example, CIII-DT-22, a repeater of Toronto-based Global TV station CIII-DT in Wheatley has a null towards Windsor to protect broadcast rights of American stations in the bordering Detroit area.
Radio direction finding (RDF) receivers use special antennas with very narrow, sharp nulls to find the location of transmitters. The antenna is rotated until the received signal is minimum; at that point the antenna's null is pointed along the bearing line to the transmitter.
# OR7C1

Olfactory receptor 7C1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR7C1 gene.
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.
# OR6X1

Olfactory receptor 6X1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR6X1 gene.
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.
# OR6Y1

Olfactory receptor 6Y1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR6Y1 gene.
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.
# Nurses Training College, Tibie

The Tibie Nurses Training College is public tertiary health institution in the Tibie in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana. The college is in Tibie-Asonafu. The Nurses and Midwifery Council (NMC) regulates the activities, curriculum and examinations. The council's mandate Is enshrined under section 4(1) of N.R.C.D 117.
# Autosticha calceata

Autosticha calceata is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1908. It is found in Sri Lanka.
The wingspan is 11–15 mm. The forewings are white, sometimes partially fuscous tinged, more or less sprinkled with fuscous and a few blackish scales. There are small blackish spots on the costa at the base, one-fourth, and the middle, and an almost marginal series extending around the posterior part of the costa and termen to the dorsum before the tornus. The stigmata are large and blackish, the plical obliquely beyond the first discal. Additional blackish dots are found beneath the costa near the base, and between the median costal and second discal stigma. The hindwings are pale grey.
# Radio 6

Radio 6 may refer to:
* BBC Radio 6 Music, a BBC Radio station
* NPO Radio 6, a Dutch radio station
# RARIK

RARIK is the official energy corporation of Iceland. It began operations on January 1, 1947. In the early years RARIK built several power plants and in 1954 enacted a 10-year electrification plan to provide remote rural areas with electricity. RARIK built, among others, Lagarfoss and Mjolka Power Station II, both of which began operating in 1975.
# Mecyclothorax pseudaltiusculus

Mecyclothorax pseudaltiusculus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Perrault in 1988.
# Pterostylis cernua

Pterostylis cernua, commonly known as the Westland greenhood, is a species of orchid endemic to New Zealand. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but flowering plants have a single white, dark green and reddish-brown flower with leaves on the flowering stem.

## Description

Pterostylis cernua is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of between three and five elliptic to lance-shaped leaves which are 15–35 mm (0.6–1 in) long and 4–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. Flowering plants have a single green flower with translucent white lines and a reddish-brown tinge on the tips. The flower leans forward slightly and is borne on a stem 60–120 mm (2–5 in) tall. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused, forming a hood or "galea" over the column. The dorsal sepal is 25–28 mm (0.98–1.1 in) long and 11–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide and curves forward with a short-pointed tip. The lateral sepals are erect, loosely in contact with the galea and taper to thread-like tips 13–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long. The labellum is curved, dark green with a blackish callus along its centre line. Flowering occurs from November to January.

## Taxonomy and naming

Pterostylis cernua was first formally described in 1997 by David Jones, Brian Molloy and Mark Clements and the description was published in The Orchadian. The specific epithet (cernua) is a Latin word meaning "drooping", "stooping", "facing earthward" or "nodding".

## Distribution and habitat

The Westland greenhood grows in grass and sphagnum moss in swampy ground and in seasonally flooded areas. It is only known from the west coast of the South Island near Hokitika, Kumara and Lake Mahinapua.
# Gazi Rafiq

Gazi Rafiq (Rafiqul Islam) is a Bangladeshi poet of the 1980s era and a food scientist.

## Early life

He was born on September 1, 1958, at Nur Boxh Miaji house in Feni, Bangladesh. His parents are Abdur Rahman (retired teacher) and Begum Jarifa Khatun.
After completing graduation from the University of Chittagong he pursued his career in journalism.

## Publications
### Literary works

Source:
* Chetonar Phool - চেতনার ফুল (1982)
* Adianto Paradhin - আদি অণ্ত পরাধীন (1990)
* Manob Muktir Montro - মানব মুক্তির মন্ত্র (1996)
* Nonno Rupantorbad O Apracholito Kichhu Kabita - নব্য রূপান্তরবাদ ও অপ্রচলিত কিছু কবিতা (2003)
* Kalo Meye Kobita - কালো মেয়ে কবিতা (2009)
* Prithibir Shorboshreshtho Kobita - পৃথিবীর সর্বশ্রেষ্ঠ কবিতা (2010)
* Selected Poems - নির্বাচিত কবিতা (2013)
* Poetry by Gazi Rafiq - গাজী রফিকের কবিতা (2013).

#### Magazines

* Dusshomoyer Jatri - দুঃসময়ের যাত্রী (1988)
* Miraz - মিরাজ (1981)
* Eid Shubeccha - ঈদ শুভেচ্ছা (1982)
* Rokter Badole - রক্তের বদলে (1983)
* Kabitabiggyan - কবিতাবিজ্ঞান (2008)

#### Edited books

* Kobider Prem - কবিদের প্রেম (1997),
* Poems of Transformation Ashidashak - আশি দশকের কবিতা (2003).

## Social activities

* Organised:"Durniti Protirodhe Juba Shangha" in1977
* Organised; Dishari Shanscritic Gosthi in 1980
* Founded Feni Shahitta Parishad in1993.
* Organised a Cultural Organisation Named; Hindowl at Chittagong University Campus

## Research

* "Difference of Mass in Applying Alternative Method of Cooking Rice" 2012. He advocated to reduce nutritional waste cooking level (NWCL) using Sticky Rice Theory (Pustibhat Tatto). A finding of 13-15% rice wastage was identified in 2012 by applying his invented 'Heat and Weight Method' using excess water in rice at cooking level. From 2024, this theory has been adopted by government education curriculum and included in the textbook Shastho Shurokkha, published by National Curriculum and Textbook Board(NCTB). Recently a press conference was held at National Press Club, Dhaka titled "Pushtibhat Convention"
* Between 2012 and 2019, he developed a flour combination called OryFoCoT, a relative mixture of wheat flour and rice bran. It has anti-inflammatory properties and reduces gluten levels to tolerable levels.

## Awards

* Writers Foundation Award (2008)
* Shahid Buddhijibi Shriti award (2006)
* Haji Nur Ahamad Shriti award (2006)
# Mount Xiqiao

Mount Xiqiao is a 40- to 50-million-year-old extinct volcano situated in the south west of the Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China 68 km (42 mi) from Guangzhou. The mountain is an important scenic area and designated as a national forest park and national geological park. Covering an area of 14 square kilometres (5.4 sq mi), the area features a total of 72 peaks with the highest, Dacheng Peak (大秤峰), rising to 346 m (1,135 ft).

## Geology

From 40–50 million years ago the entire Pearl River Delta was an ancient bay where a volcanic eruption ejected a large quantity of lava into the sea. On cooling, the molten rock formed a conical mountain; the embryonic form of Mount Xiqiao. Thereafter eruptions of lava continued and produced the current 72 peaks. After several million years of erosion by the sea, the area flattened and was gradually colonized by vegetation.

## Scenery

Mount Xiqiao features unusual scenery with strange rock formations and a profusion of fresh water springs as well as 42 natural caves. In total there are 232 springs and 28 waterfalls including the Yunya Feipu (Chinese: 云崖飞瀑; lit. 'Waterfall from Cliffs High in the Clouds'), one of the Eight Views of Guangzhou during the 18th-century Qianlong Era.

## Cultural background

As early as 6,000 to 8,000 years ago, human activity in the Mount Xiqiao area created a “Twin shoulder stone tool culture” (双肩石器文化) that featured delicate stone tools including twin-shouldered stone axes. This greatly influenced development of culture around the Pearl River.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a number of scholars including Zhan Ruoshui and He Baiyun (何白云) lived in seclusion on the mountain where they studied Neo-Confucianism and painting. Amongst the most famous scholars was Chinese nationalist Kang Youwei who began planning the 1898 Hundred Days' Reform movement at Mount Xiqiao. Chinese martial artist Huang Feihong was born in the area, where he developed the Nanquan or “southern fist” fighting style.

## Sightseeing areas

Today, Xiqiao Mountain is divided into ten major scenic areas including the Nanhai Guanyin Culture Park, which contains a 66 m (217 ft) statue of the goddess Guanyin, the Baiyun Caves (白云洞), and the Baofeng Temple (宝峰寺).
# Sheffield Sawmakers' Protection Society

The Sheffield Sawmakers' Protection Society (SSPS) was a trade union representing workers involved in making saws and similar blades, in Sheffield in England.
The origin of the union is unclear. The union described itself as having been founded in 1797, while rules of a "Society of Sawmakers" in Sheffield exist from 1740. However, after 1797, there are no records of the union until 1911, at which time, it had 280 members.
The union affiliated to the Trades Union Congress in 1945, and then grew until 1951, when it had 500 members. Its membership then began to decline. It avoided admitting women as members until the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 compelled it to do so, and the first woman joined in 1976. From 1964 until 1981, its leading figure was president Harry Jones.
In 1984, the union merged into the Transport and General Workers' Union.

## General Secretaries

    E. Archer
    1948: G. F. Wain
    1952: G. Nortcliffe
    1950s: H. Lambert
    1969: E. R. Sheppard
    1970: A. Marples
    1981: R. Parkin
# Sheila McClemans

Sheila Mary McClemans, CMG, OBE (3 May 1909 – 10 June 1988) was an Australian servicewoman, lawyer, barrister and company director. She set up the first all female law firm in Western Australia and was the first female barrister to appear before the Supreme Court of Western Australia.

## Early life

Sheila McClemans was born to Ada Lucy Walker and William Joseph McClemans in Claremont, Western Australia on 3 May 1909. She attended the Perth Modern School.

## Legal career

McClemans was one of the first graduates of the law school at the University of Western Australia in 1930. She was admitted to the Bar on 16 May 1933. When McClemans and her friend Molly Kingston were unable to find work in a law firm they set up the first all woman law firm in Western Australia. She was the first woman barrister to appear before the Supreme Court of Western Australia. McClemans held several leadership roles in the legal profession including secretary of the Western Australia Law Society, foundation member of the Western Australia Legal Aid Commission, and the State Parole Board of Western Australia.

## Military service

McClemans enlisted in the Women's Royal Australian Naval Service (WRANS) in 1943 during the Second World War. She entered the first WRANS officer training course at HMAS Cerberus in Westernport, Victoria, and rose to the rank of chief officer and was appointed Director of the WRANS from 1944.

## Awards

McClemans was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1951, and a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1977. She was also awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977. Her portrait painted by Nora Heysen is in the collection of the Australian War Memorial, Canberra.

## Personal life

McClemans married Frank Morrison Kenworthy (1899–1976) in 1949. She died in Dalkeith, Western Australia, on 10 June 1988.
# Shelby Cycle Company

The Shelby Cycle Company manufactured bicycles in Shelby, Ohio from 1925 to 1953. Their bikes are popular among collectors for their styling. They produced a bicycle in 1928 with a Charles Lindbergh theme called the "Lindy Flyer", and they were responsible for the Donald Duck bicycles in the 1950s. Many of their models fit the cruiser bicycle description. Shelby also made bicycles for other retailers such as Montgomery Ward, Spiegel, Gambles stores, Firestone and Goodyear. AMF purchased Shelby in 1953.
A separate company, called The Shelby Bicycle Company, manufactured the Ideal Bicycle from 1895 until around 1901 or 1902.