OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shannon Nobis

Shannon Nobis (born March 20, 1972) is a former American alpine skier who competed in the 1994 Winter Olympics.
She was a younger sister of fellow skier Jeremy Nobis.
At the 1994 Olympic Games, she finished 10th at the super-G. She competed at two World Championships in 1996 and 1997, recording a 15th place in the super-G in 1996.
Nobis entered the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup in January 1994, finishing 21st in the super-G race in Cortina d'Ampezzo. She broke into the top 10 for the first time in December 1994, finishing 6th in the super-G at Vail. Her first podium came in the same season, the 1994–95 World Cup circuit, as she finished 3rd in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in January 1995. Her last World Cup outing came in March 1997 at Mammoth Mountain, finishing 32nd in the super-G.
# A Walking Tour of the Shambles

A Walking Tour of the Shambles (Little Walks For Sightseers #16) (2002), written by Neil Gaiman and Gene Wolfe, is a novel in the form of a tour guide concerning a fictional part of Chicago called 'The Shambles'. It guides the reader through such non-existent landmarks as The House of Clocks (according to the official website), Cereal House (home of the Terribly Strange Bed), and Gavagan's Irish Saloon. A collaboration between Neil Gaiman and Gene Wolfe (cover by Gahan Wilson, with interior illustrations by Randy Broecker and Earl Geier), it was published with two different covers by the American Fantasy Press (one crediting "Gaiman and Wolfe", the other crediting "Wolfe and Gaiman"). Although Chicago doesn't have a Shambles, Philadelphia, for instance, does.
# Pietro Baldassare

Pietro Baldassare or Baldassari was a Baroque composer, possibly born in Rome or Brescia, Italy about 1683.
Baldassari was maestro di cappella at San Filippo Neri in Brescia from 1714 until about 1768. He was also maestro di cappella at San Clemente, Brescia until 1754. He died some time after 1768. Few of the compositions attributed to him survive. Some of these are:
* Componimento per musica, Il giudizio di Paride
* Sonata No. 1 in F for cornett, strings and basso continuo
# Pedrengo

Pedrengo (Bergamasque: Pedrèngh) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Milan and about 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 5,321 and an area of 3.6 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi).
Pedrengo borders the following municipalities: Albano Sant'Alessandro, Gorle, Scanzorosciate, Seriate, Torre de' Roveri.
Pedrengo is famous for the villas that have remained to this day, thanks to noble and wealthy families that in the past centuries have come to the city. This is thanks to the lush green of parks and gardens, as well as large spaces that characterized the city. These villas were the ideal place to spend the summer months and also served as country residences. These are "Villa Sottocasa", "Villa Berizzi" "Villa Frizzoni" and "Palazzo Donadoni".
# Kostyantyn

Kostyantyn or Kostiantyn is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Kostyantyn Balabanov (born 1982), Ukrainian football player
* Kostyantyn Bocharov (born 1997), Ukrainian singer and songwriter
* Kostyantyn Dankevych (1905–1984), Ukrainian composer and musical teacher
* Kostyantyn Doroshenko (born 1972), Ukraine Art critic, contemporary art curator, media manager, radio host of talk radio station Radio Vesti (Ukraine)
* Kostyantyn Dudchenko (born 1986), Ukrainian professional football player
* Kostyantyn Dymarchuk (born 1977), former Ukrainian football player
* Kostyantyn Gryshchenko (born 1953), Ukrainian diplomat and politician
* Kostyantyn Kravchenko (born 1986), Ukrainian footballer
* Kostyantyn Makhnovskyi (born 1989), Ukrainian professional football goalkeeper
* Kostyantyn Milyayev (born 1987), Ukrainian platform diver
* Kostyantyn Morozov, Minister of Defense of Ukraine, Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Ukraine (2005)
* Kostyantyn Odolskyi (born 1989), professional Ukrainian football goalkeeper
* Kostyantyn Ostrozkyi (1460–1530), magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later a Grand Hetman of Lithuania
* Kostyantyn Panin (born 1975), Ukrainian midfielder who has recently played for FC Zhetysu in Kazakhstan
* Kostyantyn Parkhomenko (born 1991), Ukrainian football player who last played for FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
* Kostyantyn Pavliuchenko (born 1971), retired Kazakhstani professional footballer who also holds Ukrainian citizenship
* Kostyantyn Piliyev (born 1983), Ukrainian weightlifter
* Kostyantyn Rurak (born 1974), retired sprinter from Ukraine, who twice competed at the Summer Olympics: 1996 and 2000
* Kostyantyn Shchehodskyi (1911–1989), Soviet-Ukrainian football player and coach from Moscow
* Kostyantyn Simchuk (born 1974), former Ukrainian professional ice hockey goaltender
* Kostyantyn Symashko, Ukrainian Paralympic footballer who won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in China
* Kostyantyn Vasyukov (born 1981), retired Ukrainian athlete specialising in the sprinting events
* Kostyantyn Vizyonok (born 1976), former Ukrainian football player
* Kostyantyn Yaroshenko (born 1986), professional Ukrainian football defender for FC Ural Sverdlovsk Oblast in the Russian Premier
* Kostyantyn Zaytsev (born 1983), Ukrainian Olympic rower
* Kostyantyn Zhevago (born 1974), Ukrainian entrepreneur, the youngest self-made billionaire in Europe
# Phillimore Gardens

Phillimore Gardens is a street in Kensington, West London, England.
Phillimore Gardens runs roughly north to south from Duchess of Bedford's Walk to Kensington High Street. The houses on the west side all back on to Holland Park.

## History

The road was built on the Phillimore Estate, on land acquired by the Phillimore family in the early 18th century, and much of which is still owned by them. Speculative building began within 10 years of William Phillimore succeeding to the estate in 1779.
In 2014, one of the 10 most expensive houses sold in London, at £19.75m, was on the street.
In 2022, it was the most expensive street in England, with an average house price of £23.8m, according to Halifax.

## Notable residents

* No 34 was home to Sir William Dunn, 1st Baronet, of Lakenheath, banker, merchant, MP and philanthropist.
* No 36, the most expensive house in the street at £4,109 12s, was built for Lady George Paulet, widow of Admiral Lord George Paulet, and her son, St. John Claud Paulet.
* No 44 was home to James Manning, the barrister and writer, who died there in 1866. His wife, Charlotte Manning, founded the Kensington Society at their home in 1865.
* Admiral Sir William Hutcheon Hall, lived in the street, and died there in 1878.
# Oberea nigrofemoralis

Oberea nigrofemoralis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1950.
# Nicola Bellomo

Nicola Bellomo may refer to:
* Nicola Bellomo (general) (1881–1945), Italian general
* Nicola Bellomo (footballer) (born 1991), Italian footballer
# Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland

The Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland is a listing of gardens and designed landscapes of national artistic and/or historical significance, in Scotland. The Inventory was originally compiled in 1987, although it is a continually evolving list. From 1991 it was maintained by Historic Scotland and Scottish Natural Heritage, and is now updated by a dedicated team within Historic Environment Scotland. As of 2016 the Inventory includes over 300 sites across Scotland.

## Background

Unlike listed building status, there is no statutory basis for the Inventory, and inclusion of a site on the Inventory does not offer any legal protection. However, under the Town and Country Planning (Development Management Procedure) (Scotland) Regulations 2013, planning authorities are required to consult Historic Environment Scotland on "development which may affect a historic garden or designed landscape". This is confirmed in Scottish Planning Policy, and the inclusion of a site on the Inventory is a material consideration in planning terms.

## Types of site

The majority of the Inventory sites are estate or park landscapes associated with country houses. However, a wide variety of other types of site are included, including cemeteries, urban parks, and small gardens, where these are of historical significance. Examples include Benmore Botanic Garden in Argyll, Duthie Park in Aberdeen, the Balmoral Castle estate in Deeside, and Ian Hamilton Finlay's garden at Little Sparta in Lanarkshire.

## Site selection

Sites are selected and graded based on seven value-based criteria. These are:
* value as an individual work of art
* historic value
* horticultural, arboricultural, silvicultural value
* architectural value
* scenic value
* nature conservation value
* archaeological value
Each site is assessed, on a scale of none—little—some—high—outstanding, for each criterion, using guidance set out in the Historic Environment Policy Statement.

## Other parts of the United Kingdom

Separate registers of parks, gardens and designed landscapes are maintained in the other countries of the United Kingdom:
* The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of special historic interest in England is maintained by English Heritage
* The Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales is maintained by Cadw
* The Register of Parks, Gardens and Demesnes of Special Historic Interest is maintained by the Northern Ireland Environment Agency
# Christopher Herzig

Christopher Herzig (24 October 1926 – 1 September 1993) was a British civil servant. He served as Principal Private Secretary to four cabinet ministers, including Lord Hailsham and Sir Edward Boyle.
Christopher was the son of Leopold Adolf Herzig.
Herzig was involved with Frank Cousins, C. P. Snow, Patrick Blackett and Maurice Dean in setting up the Ministry of Technology in 1964.

## Family life

He married Rachel Buxton, the daughter of P. A. Buxton on 19 July 1952. They had five children together.
# Shantaram Naik

Shantaram Laxman Naik (12 April 1946 – 9 June 2018) was an Indian politician from Indian National Congress party and a former Member of the Parliament of India representing Goa in the Rajya Sabha. He was the President of the Goa Pradesh Congress Committee and the whip of the Indian National Congress in the Rajya Sabha.

## Early life and personal background

Shantaram Naik was born on 12 April 1946 to Laxman and Sita Naik in Cuncolim village in then Portuguese India. He was initiated into politics as a student during the 1967 Assembly elections when he started putting up election campaign posters of the Indian National Congress in public places. He pursued a B.A. degree from the Parvatibai Chowgule College (then affiliated to the University of Mumbai and obtained a LL.B. degree from the Siddharth College of Law in Mumbai. Naik's participation in active politics started in 1972 and he started his law practice the same year. He was an agriculturist and lawyer by profession. He has served as a Special Public Prosecutor. Naik has also been the General Secretary of the Goa, Daman and Diu Pradesh Congress Committee.
He has served as a member of the Town and Country Planning Board, Goa; Committee on Personal Laws, Goa; Tenancy Committee, Goa and the State Khadi Board, Goa. He was elected the President of the South Goa Advocates' Association and the Vice President of the Goa, Daman and Diu Advocates' Association.
He married Beena Naik (née Nikam) on 11 May 1984. Beena is the sister of eminent public prosecutor Ujjwal Nikam. Shantaram and Beena have a son named Archit.

## Member of Lok Sabha

Shantaram Naik was elected to the 8th Lok Sabha in the 1984 general election from the North Goa constituency. As a Lok Sabha member, he introduced the highest number of Private member's bills in the 8th Lok Sabha. He also pursued the demand for statehood to Goa. During his term at the 8th Lok Sabha, Naik was a member of the Estimates Committee.

## Member of Rajya Sabha

Naik represented Goa in the Rajya Sabha for two terms.

## Death

He died on 9 June 2018 in Margao, Goa following a heart attack.

## Controversy

After a Russian woman claimed she was raped by a state politician, he suggested that some rape victims invite trouble by socialising with "strangers" and blamed the media for highlighting the issue. Naik was criticised by leaders of opposition parties such as CPI-M, BJP and SP for blaming the rape victim and media.
# Pirga

Pirga is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1891.

## Species

* Pirga bipuncta Hering, 1926 eastern Africa
* Pirga cryptogena Collenette, 1931 Uganda
* Pirga loveni Aurivillius, 1922
* Pirga magna Swinhoe, 1903 eastern Africa
* Pirga mirabilis Aurivillius, 1891 Gabon
* Pirga mnemosyne Rebel, 1914 Congo
* Pirga pellucida Wichgraf, 1922
* Pirga transvalensis Janse, 1915 southern Africa
* Pirga ubangiana Schultze, 1934 north-western Congo
* Pirga weisei Karsch, 1900 eastern Africa
# Pedrell

Pedrell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlos Pedrell (1878–1941), Uruguayan composer, guitarist, and educator
* Felip Pedrell (1841–1922), Catalan composer, guitarist, and musicologist
# Avram Ratkov

Avram Petrovich Ratkov (21 October 1773 – 26 December 1829) was a Russian general of Serbian descent who participated in many battles, including the Battle of Borodino where he commanded the reserve military force with the rank of major general.

## Biography

He was a descendant of a Serbian Orthodox priest who settled in Russia in today's Donbas from the so-called Transcarpathian territories of the Habsburg monarchy's Military Frontier during the reign of Empress Catherine the Great. His biography states that he comes from nobles of Belozersk in Novgorod Governorate and that he entered the service on 1 January 1783 in the Revel Garrison Regiment.
On 10 November 1796, he was transferred to the famed Semyonovsky Regiment. That year (1796) Ratkov was awarded the Order of Saint Anna, 2nd degree, elevated to the rank of colonel and adjutant general for his past military services against the enemies of the Empire.

## Military career

After the Battle of Friedland in 1807, Ratkov was promoted major general (12 December 1807) and awarded the Order of Saint Vladimir, 4th class with a bow for bravery exhibited under fire in the major engagement between the French and Russian forces. Also, he was appointed chef of the Kazan Musketeer Regiment located in the Caucasus. On 11 November 1809, he took leave from the army for four years. On 10 November 1813, he accepted to serve in the military and remain in the Reserve Army as a major general. In 1814 he was with the divisional commander of the 10th Infantry Division in the Napoleonic Wars over the next couple of years until Napoleonic France was defeated.
He was appointed the commander of the 3rd Brigade of the 6th Infantry Division on 19 March 1816. In August 1822, he was appointed the commander of the 1st Garrison Battalion and Brigadier commander of the Life Guards, but two years later (27 July 1824), he was removed from the battalion command at his own request but remained in the post of the Brigade command of the Life Guards. In August 1826, he was awarded the Order of Saint Anna, 1st degree "For excellent, diligent, long-term service." In November 1826, he was awarded the Order of St. George, 4th class.
He died on 26 December 1829.

## Awards and decorations

* Order of Saint Anna, 2nd degree (9 November 1796)
* Order of Saint Vladimir, 4th degree with a bow (12 December 1807)
* Order of St. George, 4th class (26 November 1826)
* Order of Saint Anna, 1st degree (22 August 1826)
# Frölicher spectral sequence

In mathematics, the Frölicher spectral sequence (often misspelled as Fröhlicher) is a tool in the theory of complex manifolds, for expressing the potential failure of the results of cohomology theory that are valid in general only for Kähler manifolds. It was introduced by Frölicher (1955). A spectral sequence is set up, the degeneration of which would give the results of Hodge theory and Dolbeault's theorem.
# Nick Holmes (footballer)

Nicholas Charles Holmes (born 11 November 1954) is an English former professional footballer. He spent the majority of his playing career with Southampton, where he won the FA Cup Final in 1976. In 1987, he joined East Cowes Victoria for a season before retiring. From July 2002 to July 2009, Holmes was manager of Salisbury City.

## Early life

Holmes was born in Woolston, Southampton and educated at St. Mary's College.

## Club career
### Southampton

Holmes was an apprentice with Southampton in the early 1970s. He made his first team debut on 2 March 1974 away to Arsenal. A natural left-sided player, he was equally at home at full-back, midfield, centre-back or sweeper. Holmes spent 14 years at The Dell. Naturally left-sided, he could play at left-back or midfield and was a thoughtful, yet thrusting, player who was as reliable as he was skilful.
He played at left-midfield in the 1976 FA Cup Final against Manchester United which Saints won 1–0, and also played and scored in the 1979 League Cup final against Nottingham Forest, which was lost 2–3. Between these two Wembley appearances, he was an integral member of the Southampton team that gained promotion from Division 2 at the end of the 1977–78 season. He became club captain in March 1980.
On 16 August 1986, Saints recognised his loyalty by awarding him a testimonial match against John Mortimore's Benfica, which was won 4–1, with Holmes scoring one of the goals.
His last appearance for Southampton was on 14 Feb 1987 at Tottenham Hotspur. A pelvic injury forced him to retire from the game in May 1987, by which time only Terry Paine and Mick Channon had made more appearances for the Saints. In total, he played 543 times for Southampton, scoring 64 goals.

### After Southampton

After leaving Saints, he spent the 1987–88 season with East Cowes Vics, and participated in a charity match against some of the stars from BBC soap opera EastEnders who played under the name Walford Boys Club. Following his spell at East Cowes Vics, he spent a season as coach back at Southampton working with manager Chris Nicholl.

### Salisbury City

In July 2002, he was tempted back into football when he was offered the manager's job at Salisbury City. Under Holmes' management, Salisbury gained promotion to the Conference South in the 2005–06 season by finishing top of the Southern League Premier Division, followed by winning the play-off final in the 2006–07 season to participate in the Conference Premier in 2007–08.
In January 2008, following the departure of George Burley, Holmes was linked with a return to Southampton as manager. Although he was not offered the job, Holmes stated that Southampton was "the only club I'd leave Salisbury for". He became Salisbury's general manager in July 2009, with Tommy Widdrington taking control of the first team. Holmes left Salisbury on 14 July 2010 by mutual consent.

## Honours
### As a player

Southampton
* FA Cup: 1975–76
* Football League Cup runner-up: 1978–79
* Football League First Division runner-up: 1983–84

### As a manager

Salisbury City
* Southern League Premier Division: 2005–06
* Conference South play-offs: 2007
# Irgıllı, Çivril

Irgıllı is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Çivril, Denizli Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,090 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).
# Horace Jansen Beemer

Horace Jansen Beemer (c. 1845 – July 22, 1912) was an American railway contractor and businessman active in Canada.
There is little known of Beemer before he came to Canada in the 1870s and was employed on the Welland Canal. He was soon involved in contracts of his own including a municipal water system in Quebec City and a railway contract with the fr:Quebec and Lake St-John Railway. Up until about 1900, his business interest grew and prospered. After that time, his activity and influence diminished.
While Horace Beemer never became a top level decision-maker and financier, he did contribute substantially to the construction of railways and operation of related businesses.
He died in London in 1912.
# Institute for National Defense and Security Research

The Institute for National Defense and Security Research (INDSR) is a Taiwanese think tank based in Taipei. The Institute’s mission is to safeguard Taiwan's democracy and prosperity by strengthening mutual understanding and advancing common interests in the global and Taiwanese defense and security community. The institute is operated under the auspices of the government and the Legislative Yuan and, as of 2019, has a NT$125 million (US$4.2 million) annual budget.
It is considered to be the top military think tank in Taiwan. While it receives almost all of its funding from government sources INDSR is institutionally independent, nonpartisan, and nonprofit.

## History

The Institute for National Defense and Security Research was inaugurated in May 2018 by Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen, former minister of national defense Feng Shih-kuan and representatives from government, industry, academia, and civil society. It was founded with seven research departments, one research center, and 64 employees. To start the Institute hired 17 researchers (all with PhDs) and 17 research assistants.

## Organization

* Division of National Security Research
* Division of National Defense Strategies and Resources
* Division of Chinese Politics and Military Affairs
* Division of Cyber Security and Decision-Making Simulation

## Publications
### Defense Security Brief

The Defense Security Brief (DSB) (國防安全) is an English language publication focused on security and military affairs. It was founded in 2011 and was compiled and published by the Office of Defense Studies, Ministry of National Defense until it was transferred to INDSR in 2018.

### Defense Strategy and Assessment Journal

The Defense Strategy and Assessment Journal (戰略與評估) is a quarterly Chinese-language journal for defense and security research.

### Defense Situation Monthly

The Defense Situation Monthly (國防情勢月報) is a monthly newsletter authored by INDSR experts.

### Defense Security Weekly

The Defense Security Weekly(國防安全週報) is a weekly newsletter offering longer-form analysis by INDSR experts about news, security issues and trends of the preceding week. Distributed internally to government agencies and lawmakers.

### Defense Security News

The Defense Security News (國防安全新聞) is a daily that focuses on global headlines and developments concerning China. Distributed internally to government agencies and lawmakers.
# Pit Inn

Pit Inn may refer to:
* Pit Inn (jazz club), in Tokyo
* Pit Inn (album), a 1974 Cedar Walton recording made at the above club
# Awang

Awang may refer to:

## Names
### Patronym

* Abdul Hadi Awang (born 1947), Malaysian politician
* Azizulhasni Awang (born 1988), Malaysian professional track cyclist
* Hasbullah Awang (1952–2015), Malaysian sports commentator
* Hasbullah Awang (footballer) (born 1983), Malaysian footballer
* Mat Aznan Awang (died 1993), Malaysian Army soldier
* Suffian Awang (born 1971), political secretary for the Prime Minister of Malaysia
* Usman Awang (1929–2001), Malaysian poet, playwright, novelist
* Yahya Awang, Malaysian cardiothoracic surgeon

### Given name

* Awang Adek Hussin (born 1956), former Malaysian Ambassador to the United States
* Awang Alak Betatar or Muhammad Shah (1368–1402), first Sultan of Brunei
* Awang anak Rawang (born 1929), an Iban Scout from Sarawak in Borneo
* Awang Faroek Ishak (born 1948), Governor of East Kalimantan
* Awang Pateh Berbai (died 1425), third Sultan of Brunei
* Awang Hassan (1910–1998), Malaysian politician

## Places

* Awang Bay, Lombok, Indonesia
* Awang Kasom, a village in Ukhrul district, Manipur state, India

## Other

* Awang (boat), an ornate traditional dugout canoe used by the Maranao people of the Philippines
* Awang (honorific), a Bruneian honorific
* Awang Airport, Maguindanao, Philippines