OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oxbridge reject

An Oxbridge reject is someone who has been rejected from either the University of Oxford or the University of Cambridge. The term Oxbridge is a portmanteau of Oxford and Cambridge.
The term has received some criticism for its derogatory and elitist nature. Eric Thomas, vice-chancellor of Bristol University, has criticised it because of the way in which it makes people view British higher education through an Oxbridge prism.
In 2000, Gordon Brown, then Chancellor of the Exchequer and subsequently Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, started a major political row about higher education when he accused Oxford University of elitism in its admissions procedures. The Laura Spence Affair, as it became known, is one of the most publicised cases of an Oxbridge reject. Rejected from Magdalen College, Oxford, to read medicine, Laura Spence went on to study with a scholarship at Harvard in the United States. The rejection was seen as discrimination because of her state-school background. She subsequently went on to study graduate-entry medicine (a 4-year course) at Wolfson College, Cambridge.

## In literature

The Oxbridge Reject Society Prospectus is a satirical book by Daniel Goodhart and Murray Buesst purporting to represent a society for people who have been rejected by the two elite universities.
# Lac d'Anterne

Lac d'Anterne is a lake near Sixt-Fer-à-Cheval, in the commune of Passy in the Haute-Savoie department of France. It is located in the Sixt-Passy nature preserve.
* This Haute-Savoie geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Orthogonius palangbangensis

Orthogonius palangbangensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Orthogoniinae. It was described by Tian & Deuve in 2006.
# Agricultural Holdings (England) Act 1875

The Agricultural Holdings (England) Act 1875 (38 & 39 Vict. c. 92) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed by Benjamin Disraeli's Conservative government.
The Act provided a list of improvements for whose unexhausted value a departing tenant farmer could claim compensation from the landlord. These were divided into three types. First, the more expensive improvements (such as a new building or a new orchard) needed the landlord's permission if they were to be liable for compensation. Second, improvements that the tenant had informed the landlord he was going to undertake (such as draining land or liming). Third, improvements which the tenant could be compensated for without having to give prior notice to the landlord (temporary improvements such as cultivation and manuring).
However, the Act was not compulsory and so landlords could contract out of it. The Liberal MP Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen complained in the House of Commons: "This Bill allowed everybody to do exactly what he could do at present without it, and compelled no one to do anything which he had not hitherto done and did not wish to do. All that the Bill did was to give an indication of the course which the Legislature thought ought to be pursued, but which Her Majesty's Government had not the courage to say should be carried out". In 1883 William Gladstone's Liberal government passed an Act that made compensation compulsory.
# Abby Damen

Abby Damen (born 1992) is a New Zealand actress and writer. Damen is known for her roles in such television series as Girl vs. Boy, and Reservoir Hill. She also won best actress in the 2014, 48 Hour Film Festival.
In 2015, Damen launched a recipe-sharing website called "Saving 2050", focusing on vegetarian recipes for environmentally-conscious people. The site promoted "animal-friendly" eating because Damen wanted to reduce her meat consumption after her diagnosis with endometriosis.
In 2017, Damen co-founded community dance classes Shut Up and Dance in Wellington, with Lesa MacLeod Whiting.
# George Ritchie (rugby union, born 1848)

George Ritchie (16 April 1848 – 31 January 1896) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He played as a Forward.
Playing in the very first international, Ritchie scored a try which was chalked off by the umpire Hely Hutchinson Almond. The resulting pressure, though, did break in Scotland's favour with Angus Buchanan scoring that first try. Notwithstanding, Ritchie always maintained that his try was valid and should have stood.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

Ritchie played for Merchistons in Edinburgh.

### International career

Ritchie played in the first ever rugby union international match for Scotland against England in 27 March 1871 at Raeburn Place, Edinburgh.
In the match, he almost scored the first ever international try. He went over the try-line but a clutch of bodies were on top of him. An Englishman claimed to have control of the ball and the umpire decided it was Scotland's hack off 5 yards from the line. Scotland then scored a try and goal from the resultant set-piece; the try coming from Angus Buchanan.
It was Ritchie's only international appearance for Scotland and he always maintained that he scored a perfectly good try, throughout the rest of his life. He died in Kelso, Scotland in 1896.
# Pramod Chandra

Pramod Chandra (November 20, 1930 – February 19, 2016) was an Indian-born American art historian, curator and the George P. Bickford Professor of Indian and South Asian Art at Harvard University from 1980 until 2004. In 1985, Chandra curated the exhibition The Sculpture of India: 3000BC-1300AD at the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

## Biography

Chandra was born in Varanasi, India, and attended Elphinstone College in Mumbai. His father was the museum curator and Indologist, Moti Chandra. After Elphinstone, Chandra obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from the School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University. He then returned to India and joined the Department of Art and Archaeology at the Prince of Wales Museum (now Chattrapathi Shivaji Vastu Sanghralaya) and secured a PhD from the University of Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1964. Chandra then moved to the United States to join University of Chicago, where he became a professor in 1971. He remained there until 1980, when he was appointed the George P. Bickford Professor of Indian and South Asian Art at Harvard University. He retired from the position in 2004.
# François Maynard

François Maynard, sometimes seen as "de Maynard" (21 November 1582 – 28 December 1646) was a French poet who spent much of his life in Toulouse.

## Biography

Maynard was born in Toulouse to a father who was conseiller in the parlement of the town. François was also trained for the law, becoming eventually president of Aurillac. He became secretary to Margaret of Valois, wife of Henry IV of France, for whom his early poems are written. He was a disciple of Malherbe, who said that in the workmanship of his lines he excelled Racan, but lacked his rival's energy.
In 1634 he accompanied the Cardinal de Noailles to Rome and spent about two years in Italy. On his return to France he made many unsuccessful efforts to obtain the favor of Cardinal Richelieu, but was obliged to retire to Toulouse. He never ceased to lament his exile from Paris and his inability to be present at the meetings of the Académie française, of which he was one of the earliest members. The best of his poems is in imitation of Horace, "Alcippe, reviens dans nos bois". He died at Toulouse in 1646.
His works consist of odes, epigrams, songs and letters, and were published in 1646 by Mann le Roy de Gomberville.
One of his famous poems is called "Le Nouveau Riche":
Pierre who during his youth, Was a famous cobbler; Is superb of his richness And ashamed of his old trade. This fortunate merchant of boots Owns a park, close to my home, Of which the fountains and the grottos Are worthy of the houses of the king. I am confused when I think That he dug a canal there By which the magnificent expense would astonish the cardinal.
# Orinympha

Orinympha is a genus of moths of the family Yponomeutidae.

## Species

* Orinympha aetherias - Meyrick, 1927
* This article on a moth of the family Yponomeutidae is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# I Wayan Gobiah

I Wayan Gobiah (born c. 1898) was a Balinese teacher and writer. He is best known for Nemoe Karma, a 1931 novel which is considered the first Balinese-language novel.

## Biography

Little has been uncovered about Gobiah's life, despite efforts by several researchers. However, it is known that Gobiah was born in approximately 1898 to a poor family in Panjer village, Badung Regency, Bali (now part of southern Denpasar). Gobiah's father was a manservant to King Tjokorda at Denpasar Palace; the family received land on which to live from the palace in exchange for Gobiah's father's work.
During the Dutch intervention in 1906, Gobiah was tasked to accompany Prince Ida Tjokardo Alit Ngurah to exile in nearby Lombok. By order of the prince, Gobiah was schooled until the third year in a local school. After finishing his time there, he was sent to Singaraja to continue his studies in 1910. In Singaraja, he studied to be a teacher under Mas Nitisastro; Nitisastro, who also worked as a writer, used Balinese-language short stories he had written to interest his students and introduce them to the world of literature. By 1912 Gobiah was reportedly working as a teacher in Denpasar, at the age of 14.
While working as a teacher, Gobiah developed an interest in theatre, including traditional dance and singing. By 1919 he was working as the principal of an elementary school in Mengwi, Badung. While in Mengwi, he married Si Luh Rupek; together the couple had one child. However, not long after the birth of their child, Si Luh Rupek fell ill and died. She was followed by their child several years later.
Alone again, Gobiah began reading heavily. Through his school and contacts with Mas Nitisastro, he subscribed to Balai Pustaka-published periodicals such as Pandji Poestaka and Seri Poestaka. He also read novels, such as Sitti Nurbaya (1922), published by the state-owned publishing house. According to Balinese literary scholars I Gusti Ngurah Bagus and I Ketut Ginarsa, this reading influenced his literary work.
By 1922 Gobiah had begun rewriting traditional stories to be more accessible to his students; this was followed by translating works into Balinese. In 1923 he published an illustrated fable entitled Satua Lutung Mungil (A Favourite Monkey), written with Balinese script. This was published by Balai Pustaka. Satua Lutung Mungil was followed by a retelling of Rare Angon in geguritan form in 1926. Although Gobiah is known to have received money from Balai Pustaka for this work, it is unknown if it was ultimately published. Not long afterwards he remarried.
Gobiah's seminal work, Nemoe Karma, was published by Balai Pustaka in 1931. The first Balinese language novel, it dealt with themes of forced marriage and love.
# Agyneta milleri

Agyneta milleri is a species of sheet weaver spider in the family Linyphiidae, and is found in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It was described by Thaler et al. in 1997.
# James Yeowell

James Yeowell (1802–1875) was an English antiquary.

## Life

Yeowell was born about 1803 in London. He is said to have been employed in early life under the vestry of Shoreditch, and to have worked at indexing and related work for booksellers. Soon after the establishment by William John Thoms of Notes and Queries, Yeowell became sub-editor, and he filled the position for more than twenty years, retiring in September 1872. During this period Yeowell supplied by research at the British Museum the answers which appeared each week under the heading of ‘Queries with Answers.’ He lived at first in Pentonville, near the Sadler's Wells Theatre, and then at Barnsbury.
On his retirement from ‘Notes and Queries’ he was nominated a poor brother at the London Charterhouse by the Duke of Buccleuch at the suggestion of Thoms. He died at the Charterhouse on 10 December 1875, and was buried on the western side of Highgate Cemetery two days later. His grave (no.21049) no longer has a headstone. He was ‘probably the last nonjuror, if not the last Jacobite, in England’

## Works

Yeowell was the author of:
* ‘Chronicles of the Ancient British Church anterior to the Saxon Era,’ new ed. 1847; it originally appeared during 1839 in a monthly periodical.
* ‘A Literary Antiquary: Memoir of William Oldys, with his Diary, Notes from Adversaria, and an Account of the London Libraries,’ 1862; this came out in ‘Notes and Queries’ during 1861 and 1862.
He edited in 1853 the poetical works of Sir Thomas Wyatt and of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey for the Aldine series; compiled, with other index work, the general indexes to the first three series of ‘Notes and Queries,’ and an index to Agnes Strickland's ‘Queens of England;’ and he assisted Richard Griffin, 3rd Baron Braybrooke in the fourth edition of the Diary of Samuel Pepys (1854).

## Legacy

Yeowell's books were sold with other collections by Sotheby, Wilkinson, & Hodge on 12 November 1873 and five following days. His collections for the biography of Englishmen went to the British Museum; they consisted of eleven folio volumes, thirty-seven octavo volumes, and eight parcels.
# Prosopocera superbrunnea

Prosopocera superbrunnea is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1969.
# George McLean (New Zealand politician)

Sir George McLean (1834 – 17 February 1917) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the Otago region in New Zealand.

## Biography

McLean owned Matanaka Farm near Waikouaiti from February 1878 until 1892.
He represented the Waikouaiti electorate from 1871 to 1872 when he resigned, and from an 1875 by-election to 1881 when he retired.
McLean held several ministerial appointments under Vogel and Atkinson: Postmaster-General and Commissioner of Telegraphs from 1 to 13 September 1876 and 12 January to 13 October 1877. He was Collector of Customs from 1 September 1876 to 13 October 1877 and (as a MLC) Commissioner of Trade and Customs from 28 August to 3 September 1884.
On 19 December 1881, he was appointed to the New Zealand Legislative Council and remained a member until his death on 17 February 1917.
He was knighted in 1909. He had married a daughter of Matthew Holmes. His daughter Georgia Constance McLean married Thomas Wilford in 1892. His brother-in-law, the solicitor John White, unsuccessfully contested the Waikouaiti electorate in the 1899 election.
# Prestin (surname)

Prestin is a surname.

## List of people with the surname

* David Prestin, American politician
* Dieter Prestin (born 1956), German football player
# Labial

The term labial originates from Labium (Latin for "lip"), and is the adjective that describes anything of or related to lips, such as lip-like structures. Thus, it may refer to:
# Orinõmme

Orinõmme is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Orissaare Parish.
# Abu Hubayra al-Basri

Abu Hubayra Amin ad deen al-Basri (Urdu ابو ہبیرہ امین الدین البصری ) was great Sufi of Chishti Order from Basra, Iraq. He was the disciple of Khwaja Sadid ad-Din Huzaifa al-Marashi and teacher of Khwaja Mumshad Uluw Al Dīnawarī Abu Hubayra al-Basri is important link of chain of Chishti Order. At the age of seven he memorized Quran by heart and became mureed of Khwaja Sadid ad-Din Huzaifa al-Marashi at the age of thirty.
# Ian Johnston (cricketer)

Robert Ian Johnston (born 1 July 1948) is an Irish former cricketer. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler, he played 15 times for the Ireland cricket team between 1979 and 1983, including three first-class matches and two List A matches.

## Playing career

Johnston made his debut for Ireland against Surrey in June 1979 and made his first-class debut against Sri Lanka the following month. He also played against FW Millett's XI, Scotland, the MCC, Wales and Worcestershire in 1979. He played four times in 1980, including two matches against the West Indies and his List A debut against Middlesex at Lord's. He played against Canada and Middlesex in 1981, and against Sussex and Scotland in 1983, his final games for Ireland.

## Statistics

In all matches for Ireland, Johnston scored 361 runs at an average of 24.07, scoring two half-centuries with a top score of 72 against the MCC in June 1980. He took four wickets at an average of 45.29, with best innings bowling figures of 2/49 against Middlesex in July 1981.
# Agyneta mesasiatica

Agyneta mesasiatica is a species of sheet weaver found in Central Asia, Iran and Russia. It was described by Tanasevitch in 2000.
# Acalolepta longipennis

Acalolepta longipennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1894. It is known from Papua New Guinea.
# Prosopocera usambarica

Prosopocera usambarica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1954.
# Port Napoleon

Several ports were briefly named Port Napoleon during Napoleon's reign in France.
* Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône
* Between 1803 and 1810, Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius, was known as Port Napoleon.
# Prasoxylon alliaceum

Prasoxylon alliaceum is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet alliaceum is from the Latin meaning 'onion-like', referring to the smell of the inner bark.

## Description

The tree grows up to 38 metres (120 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 80 centimetres (30 in). The sweetly scented flowers are white or pinkish. The fruits are greenish-white when unripe, red when ripe, roundish, up to 7.5 cm (3 in) in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

Dysoxylum alliaceum is native to the Andaman Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and throughout Malesia and Papuasia to the Solomon Islands and Queensland. Its habitat is rain forests from sea-level to 1,800 metres (6,000 ft) elevation.
# Expedition 21

Expedition 21 was the 21st long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The expedition began on 11 October 2009, with Frank de Winne becoming the first ESA astronaut to command a space mission.
The handover between Expedition 20 and Expedition 21 required three Soyuz vehicles being docked to the station at the same time, the first time this has occurred.
Soyuz TMA-16 brought the final members of Expedition 21 to the ISS, along with space tourist Guy Laliberté. Laliberté returned to Earth on Soyuz TMA-14 with two members of Expedition 20 on 11 October 2009.
Nicole P. Stott was the last ISS expedition crew member to fly on the Space Shuttle. She returned to Earth aboard STS-129 in November 2009.

## Crew

| Position | First Part (October to November 2009) | Second Part (November to December 2009) |
| Commander | Frank De Winne, ESA Second and last spaceflight | Frank De Winne, ESA Second and last spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer 1 | Roman Romanenko, RSA First spaceflight | Roman Romanenko, RSA First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer 2 | Robert Thirsk, CSA Second and last Spaceflight | Robert Thirsk, CSA Second and last Spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer 3 | Jeffrey N. Williams, NASA Third spaceflight | Jeffrey N. Williams, NASA Third spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer 4 | Maksim Surayev, RSA First spaceflight | Maksim Surayev, RSA First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer 5 | Nicole P. Stott, NASA First spaceflight | |

### Source

    NASA

## Backup crew

* André Kuipers - Commander
* Dimitri Kondratyev
* Chris Hadfield
* Shannon Walker
* Aleksandr Skvortsov
* Catherine Coleman
# Labia (earwig)

Labia is a genus of earwigs belonging to the family Spongiphoridae.
The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Labia bhaktapurensis Kapoor & AK Shah, 1983
* Labia fanta Steinmann, 1990
* Labia harpya Steinmann, 1990
* Labia minor (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Labia phanduwalensis Kapoor, Bharadwaj & Banerjee, 1971
* Labia pluto Steinmann, 1990
# Abu Hurraira Dhanani

Abu Hurraira Dhanani is an international jiu-jitsu athlete from Pakistan. Abu participated in the World Games, World Championship, Asian Beach Games, and Asian Indoor Martial Art Games, and won the Silver medal in the Ju-jitsu World Championship 2015.
Abu has won three Asian gold medals for Pakistan in the Asian Championship 2010, Asian Championship 2010, & Asian Beach Games 2014, respectively.
As of October 2022, Abu Hurraira Dhanani held four gold medals, six silver medals, and three Bronze medals in international events which is a result of an undying drive and evidence of his strength of character.
In September 2021, Abu won 2 bronze medals in the 5th Asian Championship .
Abu started playing Jiu-Jitsu, and earned his laurels, from Pakistan Jiu-Jitsu since 2004. Abu has remained unbeaten in jiu jitsu in Pakistan since 2010. He is also the only athlete who represented Pakistan in the World Games 2017.
Abu Hurraira Dhanani also gives free training in self-defense to orphans and females and spreads awareness of self-defense and harassment.
# Agyneta mediocris

Agyneta mediocris is a species of sheet weaver found in Colombia. It was described by Millidge in 1991.
# Janne Reinikainen

Janne Reinikainen may refer to:
* Janne Reinikainen (actor)
* Janne Reinikainen (footballer)
# Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium

The Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium, signed on 23 June 1953 in New York City, was a drug control treaty, promoted by Harry J. Anslinger, with the purpose of imposing stricter controls on opium production.
Article 6 of the treaty limited opium production to seven countries. Article 2 stated that Parties were required to "limit the use of opium exclusively to medical and scientific needs". It did not receive sufficient ratifications to enter into force until 1963, by which time it had been superseded by the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
# George Klein

George Klein may refer to:
* George Klein (inventor) (1904–1992), Canadian inventor
* George Klein (comics) (c. 1915 or 1920 – 1969), American comic book artist
* George Klein (biologist) (1925–2016), Hungarian-Swedish biologist and writer
* George Klein (physician), Canadian cardiologist
* George Klein (DJ) (1935–2019), disc jockey and television host
* George Klein (Canadian football) (1932–?), Canadian football player
* George S. Klein (1917–1971), American psychologist and psychoanalyst
* Adam Klein (swimmer) (George Klein IV, born 1988), American swimmer
# Precision Graphics Markup Language

Precision Graphics Markup Language (PGML) is an XML-based language for representing vector graphics. It was a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) submission by Adobe Systems, IBM, Netscape, and Sun Microsystems, that was not adopted as a recommendation. PGML is a 2D graphical format, offering precision for graphic artists, guaranteeing that the design created will appear in end user systems with the correct formatting, layout and the precision of color.
PGML and Vector Markup Language, another XML-based vector graphics language W3C submission supported by Autodesk, Hewlett-Packard, Macromedia, Microsoft, and Visio Corporation, were later joined and improved upon to create Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG).

## Applications

The ArgoUML CASE tool is able to export UML diagrams in PGML.