OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pwllbach Colliery Co Ltd v Woodman

Pwllbach Colliery Co Ltd v Woodman [1915] AC 634 is an English land law case, concerning easements.

## Facts

Pwllbach Colliery sublet land in Glamorganshire from a tinplate company, whose memorandum authorised mining to be carried on. A neighbouring butcher, Mr Woodman, had a later lease from the tinplate company too, but ‘subject to all rights and easements belonging to any adjoining and neighbouring property’. He built a slaughter house and a sausage factory. Then the colliery erected a screening apparatus which threw up coal dust. Mr Woodman brought an action for nuisance.
The jury found there was a nuisance but the screening was reasonable and usual for the district, without negligence.

## Judgment

The House of Lords held the memorandum allowing carrying on the trade of mining did not authorise the nuisance, unless it could be proven that the trade could not otherwise be continued. There was no easement for making coal dust.
Earl Loreburn said it was unnecessary to answer whether creating coal dust could be an easement because the company was never authorised to do a nuisance.
Lord Parker said that the coal dust emission could be classified as an easement, but there was no common intention on which such an easement could be based. The first class consisted of easements of necessity. As to the second, he said this:
   The second class of cases in which easements may impliedly be created depends not upon the terms of the grant itself, but upon the circumstances under which the grant was made. The law will readily imply the grant or reservation of such easements as may be necessary to give effect to the common intention of the parties to a grant of real property, with reference to the manner or purposes in and for which the land granted or some land retained by the grantor is to be used. .... But it is essential for this purpose that the parties should intend that the subject of the grant or the land retained by the grantor should be used in some definite and particular manner. It is not enough that the subject of the grant or the land retained should be intended to be used in a manner which may or may not involve this definite and particular use.
# In aller Stille

In aller Stille (in complete silence) is the eleventh studio album by the German punk band Die Toten Hosen. It's the first studio album in 4 years. The cover was designed by Dirk Rudolph. The central theme of this album is energy.
The album was released in 3 versions:
* Standard Edition - regular CD
* Limited Edition - CD + DVD:
   * "Innen alles neu - Wie alles anfing" (Inside all-new- How it all started) - a documentary
   * "Strom" video
In 2009 it was awarded a diamond certification from the Independent Music Companies Association which indicated sales of at least 250,000 copies throughout Europe.

## Track listing

* "Strom" (Current) (Frege/Frege) − 2:48
* "Innen alles neu" (All new inside) (Meurer/Frege) − 2:57
* "Disco" (Frege/Frege) − 3:22
* "Teil von mir" (Part of me) (von Holst/Frege) − 3:00
* "Auflösen" (Dissolve) (Frege/Frege, Minichmayr) − 3:19 (duet with Birgit Minichmayr)
* "Leben ist tödlich" (Life is deadly) (Meurer/Frege) − 3:26
* "Ertrinken" (Drowning) (Breitkopf/Frege, Weitholz) − 4:13
* "Alles was war" (All that was) (Breitkopf/Frege) − 3:05
* "Pessimist" (Breitkopf/Frege) − 2:47
* "Wir bleiben stumm" (We remain mute) (von Holst/Frege) − 3:33
* "Die letzte Schlacht" (The final battle) (von Holst, Meurer/Frege) − 3:03
* "Tauschen gegen dich" (Trade for you) (von Holst/Steingen, Frege) − 3:16
* "Angst" (Fear) (von Holst/Frege) − 3:12

### Musicload bonus track

* "Das ist vorbei" (It's over) − 3:26

## Singles

2008: "Strom" 2009: "Alles was war" 2009: "Auflösen" 2009: "Ertrinken"

## Personnel

* Campino - vocals
* Andreas von Holst (Kuddel) - guitar
* Michael Breitkopf (Breiti) - guitar
* Andreas Meurer (Andi) - bass
* Stephen George Ritchie (Vom) - drums
* Raphael Zweifel - cello on 5, 12
* Hans Steingen - piano, accordion, string instruments
* Birgit Minichmayr - vocals on 5

## Charts

| Year | Country | Position |
| 2008 | Germany | 1 |
| 2008 | Austria | 2 |
| 2008 | Switzerland | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2008) | Rank |
| German Albums Chart | 40 |
| Chart (2009) | Rank |
| German Albums Chart | 44 |

### Certifications

| Country | Certification (sales thresholds) |
| Germany | 3× Gold |
# Päiviö Tommila

Juhani Päiviö Tommila (4 August 1931 – 18 November 2022) was a Finnish historian and professor at Helsinki University.

## Career

Tommila was born in Jyväskylä on 4 August 1931. He became a PhD in 1962 with his dissertation La Finlande dans la politique européenne en 1809–1815. He was assistant at the university of Helsinki 1959-65 and associate professor 1962–67. Tommila was professor in Finland's history at the University of Turku 1965-76 and professor in Finland's history at Helsinki University 1976–94. He served as rector of the University of Helsinki from 1988 to 1992.
Tommila focused on Finnish history, foremost its political history in the 19th century, urban and journalistic history, and also historiography. He was an academician, and a member of the Academy of Finland from 2004.
Tommila's father was Eero Tommila, professor for chemistry at Helsinki University. Päiviö Tommila died on 18 November 2022, at the age of 91, in Kauniainen.

## Publications
### Author

* Nurmijärven pitäjän historia I–II (1958–59)
* La Finlande dans la politique européenne en 1809–1815 (1962)
* Suomen lehdistön levikki ennen vuotta 1860 (1963)
* Jyväskylän kaupungin historia I–II (1970–72)
* Keski-Suomen lehdistö I–IV (with T. Raitio, 1970–79)
* Suomen autonomian synty 1809–1819 (1984)
* Suomen historiankirjoitus (1989)
* Research in Finland: A History (2006)
* Eero Tommila, kemisti (2009)
* Kummalasta Telkkään: Sata vuotta Kustavin kesähistoriaa (2010)
* Talonpoikia ja opinkäyntiä: Merikarvian Köörtilän Tommilan talon ja suvun tarina (2011)

### Editor

* Suomen kulttuurihistoria, I–III (1979–82)
* Suomen kaupunkilaitoksen historia, I–III (1981–84)
* Suomen lehdistön historia, I–X (1985–92)
* Suomen hallitsijat (2000)
* Suomen tieteen historia, I–IV (2000–03)
# Adolf I

Adolf I may refer to:
* Adolf I of Lotharingia (died 1018), Vogt of Deutz
* Adolf I of Berg (died 1086)
* Adolf I of Holstein (died 1130), Count of Schauenburg
* Adolf I, Archbishop of Cologne or Adolf of Altena or Adolf of Berg (c. 1157–1220)
* Adolf I, Count of the Mark (1194–1249)
* Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (1817–1893)
* Adolf I of Luxembourg (1817–1905)
* Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg (1588–1658)
# Alexandre Jacques François Bertrand

Alexandre Jacques François Bertrand (25 April 1795 – 22 January 1831) was a French physician and mesmerist who was a native of Rennes. He was the father of archaeologist Alexandre Bertrand (1820–1902) and mathematician Joseph Bertrand (1822–1900). He was also an ally of philosopher Pierre Leroux (1798–1871) and the Saint-Simonians.
Bertrand is remembered for his scientific investigations of animal magnetism and somnambulism. In his public lectures on animal magnetism he spoke confidently about the existence of "magnetic fluid", but through experience and reflection he later changed his mind, becoming a leading critic of its existence.
From 1825 to 1830 Bertrand published numerous articles in the progressive journal Le Globe.

## Selected writings

* Traité du somnambulisme et des différentes modifications qu'il présente (Treatise on sleepwalking and the various changes it presents), Paris, Dentu, 1823.
* Lettres sur les rèvolutions du globe. 1824.
** Lettres sur les rèvolutions du globe. Paris: Bossange frères. 1845.
* Lettres sur la physique, Paris, Bossange frères, 1824 and 1825.
* De l'extase (Of Ecstasy), Paris, 1826.
* Du magnétisme en France et des jugements qu'en ont porté les sociétés savantes (Of magnetism in France and judgments of the learned societies), Paris, Baillière, 1826.- Republication L'Harmattan, 2004 - ISBN 2-7475-6319-7.
# Adı Bende Saklı

Adı Bende Saklı is the 15th studio album recorded by Turkish singer, songwriter and producer Sezen Aksu. It was released on December 20, 1998, through Universal Music. The album was produced by Levent Semerci.

## Background

The title track of the album is the eighth song, "Adı Bende Saklı". It is composed by the Greek composer Yannis Karalis'. The original composition is called "ECLIPSE (instrumental from album ODYSSEY - international release – July 1997)". The Turkish lyrics were written by Sezen Aksu and late Meral Okay, one of her best and longest lasting friends. The song has been the topic of many controversies. Sezen Aksu's version of the song is the original music of "ECLIPSE" in its entirety which was copied without Yannis Karalis consent or FM RECORDS's legal consent (authorization) the second being the owner of the master recording. As soon as the original composer was informed about the violation of his copy-rights, he filed a lawsuit and the Court ruled against the infringers who appealed this case.
The lawsuit is still on-going to the Supreme Court.
Three songs from the album had videos: "Tutuklu", "Adı Bende Saklı" and "Ruhuma Asla". The album received critical acclaim by many and is also seen as a benchmark 1990s Turkish pop music album.

## Track listing

* "Ud Taksimi" (0:57)
* "Tutuklu" (4:25) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Kıvanç K.)
* "Kaderim" (4:06)(lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Kıvanç K.)
* "Hazan" (5:41) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Aykut Gürel)
* "Erkek Güzeli" (4:06) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Murat Yeter)
* "Kusura Bakma" (1976) (4:16) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Murat Yeter)
* "Ruhuma Asla" (4:58) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu)
* "Adı Bende Saklı" (3:46) (lyrics: Meral Okay, Sezen Aksu, music: Yannis Karalis)
* "Ben Sevdalı Sen Belalı" (5:26) (lyrics – music: Selami Şahin, arrangement: Garo Mafyan)
* "Şimal Yıldızı" (5:12) (lyrics: Sezen Aksu, Meral Okay, music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Aşkın Arsunan)
* "Yola Çıkmalı" (4:09) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu, arrangement: Aykut Gürel)
* "İnce Mevzu" (4:17) (lyrics: Mustafa Sandal, Sezen Aksu, music – arrangement: Mustafa Sandal)
* "Denge" (4:59) (lyrics: Turgut Uyar, music: Sezen Aksu, Aykut Gürel, arrangement: Aykut Gürel)
* "Adı Menekşe" (4:53) (lyrics: Meral Okay, Sezen Aksu, music: Sezen Aksu, Aşkın Arsunan, arrangement: Kıvanç K.), CD Bonus
* "Ruhuma Asla" (5:06) (lyrics – music: Sezen Aksu), CD Bonus
# Promiscuity (disambiguation)

Promiscuity may refer to:
* Promiscuity, the practice of making relatively casual and indiscriminate choices, most commonly applied to sexual behaviour and referred to as Sexual promiscuity
* "Promiscuity," a song by Manu Chao from his 2000 album Próxima Estación: Esperanza
* "Promiscuity," a song by Antigone from her 2009 debut album AntigoneLand
# Ezeiza

Ezeiza may refer to:
* Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, a city in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
* Ezeiza Partido, in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina
* Ministro Pistarini International Airport, known as Ezeiza International Airport
* Gabino Ezeiza, Argentine musician
# Baruch Arnon

Baruch Arnon (born 8 July 1940 in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia) is a classical pianist and renowned music teacher. He is currently a faculty member at the Juilliard School in New York and has previously taught music at the Israel Academy of Music in Tel Aviv and Musica de Camera.

## Education

He began his music studies at an early age and studied piano with Ilona Vincze-Kraus at Israel Academy of Music. By 1959 he was taking master classes under Edward Steuermann. In 1962 he was studying at the Juilliard School with Irwin Freundlich and earned his B.M. Studying under Bernard Wagenaar and Jacob Druckman, he earned his M.S. in 1965.

## Professional information

Between 1960 and 1962 he taught piano at the Israel Academy of Music. In 1972 he became the artistic director of the Musica da Camera, a position he held until 1980. In 1971 he began teaching at the Juilliard School. He has been teaching piano literature and graduate studies there since 1991 and became a professor of chamber music in 2001.
He currently lives in New York and spends his time teaching there.

## Bibliography and external links

* Juilliard online
* Ashkenazy, Vladimir. Collins Encyclopedia of Classical Music. Collins; new ed (2000) (ISBN 978-0-00-472390-7).
* Philip, Robert. Performing Music in the Age of Recording. Yale University Press (2004) (ISBN 978-0-300-10246-8).
* Hall, Charles J. Chronology of Western Classical Music, Volume 2. Routledge (2002) (ISBN 978-0-415-94216-4).
* Zaslaw, Neal. Mozart's Symphonies: Context, Performance Practice, Reception. Oxford University Press; reprint ed (1991) (ISBN 978-0-19-816286-5).
# Purnell

Purnell is a name shared by:

## People

* Alton Purnell (1911–1987), American pianist
* Arthur Purnell (1878–1964), architect in Melbourne, Victoria
* Benjamin Franklin Purnell (1861–1927), American preacher, House of David (commune)
* Bervin E. Purnell (1891–1972), Australian politician
* Charles Purnell (1843–1926), New Zealand soldier, journalist, lawyer, and writer
* Clyde Purnell (1877–1934), British football player
* Ella Purnell (born 1996), British actress
* Fred S. Purnell (1882–1939), American politician
* Glynn Purnell (born 1975), English chef and restaurateur
* Heather Purnell (born 1986), Canadian gymnast
* Idella Purnell (1901–1982), American author and librarian
* James Purnell (born 1970), British politician
* Jesse Purnell (1881–1966), American baseball player
* Jim Purnell (1941–2003), American football player
* John Purnell English academic administrator
* John Howard Purnell (1925–1996), Welsh chemist
* Jon Purnell, US diplomat, ambassador to Uzbekistan
* Keg Purnell (1915–1965), American drummer
* Louis Purnell (1920–2001), American curator and Tuskegee airman
* Lovett Purnell (born 1972), American football player
* Mark Purnell, British palaeontologist
* Marshall Purnell (born 1950), American architect
* Phil Purnell (born 1964), British football player
* Oliver Purnell (born 1953), American basketball coach
* Russ Purnell (born 1948), American football coach
* Sonia Purnell, British writer and journalist
* Thomas Richard Purnell (1847–1908), American judge
* Tony Purnell (born 1958), English businessman
* William Henry Purnell (1826–1902), American politician
* Winifred Purnell (born 1893), Australian-born pianist in England.
* Zedekiah Johnson Purnell (1813–1882), African-American activist and businessman

## Places

* Purnell, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, a neighborhood
* George Washington Purnell House
* Purnell House (disambiguation)

## Organizations

* Julia A. Purnell Museum
* Purnell and Sons, defunct British printing company
* Purnell School, a girls' school in New Jersey
* Purnell (company), Swiss watch manufacturer

## Science

* Purnell equation in chemistry
# In personam

United States federal civil procedure doctrines :
Justiciability :
Advisory opinions
Standing
Ripeness
Mootness
Political questions
Constitutional avoidance :
Jurisdiction :
Federalism :
Erie doctrine
Abstention
Anti-Injunction Act
Sovereign immunity
Abrogation
Rooker–Feldman doctrine
Adequate and independent state ground :
vte :
In personam is a Latin phrase meaning "against a particular person". In a lawsuit in which the case is against a specific individual, that person must be served with a summons and complaint (in England & Wales known as Particulars of Claim (CPR 1999)) to give the court jurisdiction to try the case, and the judgment applies to that person and is called an "in personam judgment".
In personam is distinguished from in rem, which applies to property or "all the world" instead of a specific person. This technical distinction is important to determine where to file a lawsuit and how to serve a defendant. In personam means that a judgment can be enforceable against the person wherever he/she is. On the other hand, if the lawsuit is to determine title to property (in rem) then the action must be filed where the property exists and is only enforceable there.
# Federalist No. 72

Federalist No. 72, titled "The Same Subject Continued, and Re-Eligibility of the Executive Considered", is an essay by Alexander Hamilton. It is the seventy-second essay of The Federalist Papers and the sixth in a series of eleven essays discussing the powers of the Executive branch. The essay was first published in The New York Packet on March 18, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all essays of The Federalist Papers were published.
The essay focuses on whether the president should be eligible for reelection without a term limit. Hamilton argued that re-eligibility was essential to executive power.

## Summary

In Federalist No. 72, Alexander Hamilton argues that re-eligibility is essential to executive power. He believed that the Presidency must attract the most ambitious individuals and re-eligibility ensured that they would not attempt to extend their term in office unconstitutionally. While Hamilton hoped for a class of 'disinterested' public servants, he acknowledged the importance of self-interest, stating that "the desire for reward is one of the strongest incentives of human conduct."
Hamilton believed that executives should be eligible to serve as many terms as the American people allow. He argued that limits on re-eligibility would hamper an experienced president to use his past expertise. In addition, Hamilton argued that term limits prevent an executive from using experience gained in emergency situations in other terms and that term limits restrict stability within the executive.
The Twenty-second Amendment to the Constitution imposed the present two-tier term limit on the executive branch. Today, U.S. presidents can only serve two terms, or if a succession has taken place, ten years, as president of the country.
# Glenormiston Airport

Glenormiston Airport is located near Glenormiston Station, Queensland, Australia.
# Advances in Optics and Photonics

Advances in Optics and Photonics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Optica. It covers review articles and multimedia tutorials on significant advances in optics and photonics. Its editor-in-chief is Guifang Li (University of Central Florida).
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 25.2.
# John Sheehy

John Sheehy may refer to:
* John Sheehy (administrator) (1889–1949), British colonial official
* John Sheehy (architect) (born 1942), American architect
* John C. Sheehy (1918–2017), justice of the Montana Supreme Court
* John Joe Sheehy (1897–1980), Irish political/military activist and sportsperson
* John R. Sheehy (born 1947), member of the Illinois House of Representatives
# Adıgüzel Dam

Adıgüzel Dam is an embankment dam on the Büyük Menderes River in Denizli Province, Turkey, built between 1976 and 1989. The dam creates a lake which is 25.9 km ² and irrigates 94,825 hectares.
# Prossy

Prossy is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Prossy Akampurira (born 1987), Ugandan politician
* Prossy Tusabe, Ugandan swimmer
* Prossy, a nickname for Priscilla Hiss
# Ferdinand Beyer

Ferdinand Beyer (Querfurt, 25 July 1803 – Mainz, 14 May 1863) was a German composer and pianist. Well known in his day for his light music and piano arrangements of popular orchestral works, he is now mainly known for his book Vorschule im Klavierspiel ("Beginning Piano School or Elementary Instruction Book for the Piano") Op. 101 (1851).
The Vorschule im Klavierspiel has been a major influence in piano pedagogy since its publication, being the foundation of elementary piano education in many countries, as is attested by the many anthologies containing parts of the Vorschule as well as the curriculum followed in many countries.
# Glasgow City

Glasgow City or City of Glasgow may refer to:
* Glasgow City (council area), a unitary district established in 1996
** Glasgow City Council, the local authority body in the city
* Glasgow, a city in Scotland
* City of Glasgow (1975–1996), a district of Strathclyde from 1975 to 1996
* Glasgow city centre, its main business district
* Glasgow City Region, a functional region centred around the city
* Glasgow City F.C., a professional women's football club
* Glasgow City B.C., a Scottish basketball club
* Greater Glasgow, the term for the larger urban area around the city
* SS City of Glasgow, a steamship that disappeared in 1854
# Advances in Microbial Physiology

Advances in Microbial Physiology is a biannual peer-reviewed scientific journal covering microbiology. It was established in 1967 and is published by Academic Press. The founding editors-in-chief were Anthony H. Rose and John Frome Wilkinson; the current editors are Robert K. Poole and David J. Kelly (University of Sheffield). Each issue is also published as a book with a separate ISBN. The articles are reviews covering all aspects of microbial physiology in its broadest sense, i.e. how microbes "work" and include coverage of bacteria, archaea, fungi and algae. Reviews are usually solicited from authors by invitation from the editors.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed, for example, in:
* Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed,
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Science Citation Index
* Scopus
* BIOSIS Previews
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 4.731.
# Alfonso Guerra (bishop)

Alfonso Guerra OP (died 18 June 1596) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Michoacán (1592–1596) and Bishop of Paraguay (1579–1592).

## Biography

Alfonso Guerra was born in Valladolid, Spain and ordained a priest in the Order of Preachers. On 6 February 1579, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Paraguay. On 9 March 1592, he was consecrated bishop by Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo, Archbishop of Lima, with Antonio Avendaño y Paz, Bishop of Concepción; Sebastián Lartaún, Bishop of Cuzco; and Diego de Medellin, Bishop of Santiago de Chile, serving as co-consecrators. On 9 March 1592, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Clement VIII as Bishop of Michoacán. He served in that role until his death on 18 June 1596 in Valladolid.
# Jeronimo Bassano

Jeronimo Bassano was an Italian musician in the Republic of Venice who is notable as the patriarch of a family of musicians: five of his sons, Anthony, Alvise, Jasper, John (Giovanni), and Baptista Bassano, moved from Venice to England to serve in the court of King Henry VIII. They performed as a recorder consort. Jacomo Bassano was his only son to keep his primary residence in Venice. Jeronimo Bassano never moved, and he was listed in Venice as a "Maestro of the trumpets and shawms." He is believed to be the maternal grandfather of composer Giovanni Bassano.

## Life

Jeronimo was the son of Baptista "Piva" of Bassano del Grappa, a town 35 miles from Venice. Baptista was a musician who played the piva, a small bagpipe. He was the son of Andrea de Crespano, who was from the village of Crespano, about nine miles east of Bassano. Andrea, Baptista, and Jeronimo were all described as musicians and musical instrument makers.
At the beginning of the 16th century, Jeronimo moved from Bassano to Venice, where he was described as "Maestro Hieronimo", a piffero player to the Doge of Venice between 1506 and 1512. The historian A.L. Rowse, in correspondence to The Times in 1973, claimed that the Bassanos were Jewish. Roger Prior claimed in a 1995 book co-authored with Dr. David Lasocki that the family were converted Jews.
But, Giulio M. Ongaro in his "New Documents on the Bassano Family" (1992) in Early Music and Alessio Ruffatti argue that the Bassanos who moved to England might not have been Jewish.