OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pancrace Bessa

Pancrace Bessa (1 January 1772 – 11 June 1846) was a French natural history artist, best known for his botanical illustrations. Bessa was a student of the great engraver Gerard van Spaendonck and worked alongside Pierre-Joseph Redouté, some of whose influence shows in Bessa's detailed and delicate treatment of his subjects. He was a regular exhibitor at the Paris Salons between 1806 and 1831. The standard author abbreviation Bessa is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Bessa's favourite subjects were fruit and flowers, with occasional digressions to birds and mammals. In 1816, the Duchesse de Berry, daughter-in-law of King Charles X of France, extended her patronage to him, which led to his giving painting lessons to the de Berry family. Their art connections went back to the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. Bessa also worked on the French royal watercolour collection on vellum the Velins du Roi from 1823 until his death.
In the early nineteenth century, Bessa, Redouté, Jean-Louis Prévost, Lancelot-Théodore Turpin de Crissé, and Madame Vincent raised France to pre-eminence in the genre of botanical painting. Bessa developed a masterful use of stipple engraving technique, an essential part of colour printing. Bessa and Redoute collaborated on the Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de L'Amerique Septentrionale, which appeared between 1810 and 1813. He prepared some 572 watercolours for L'Herbier Général de L'Amateur by Mordant de Launey and Loiseleur Longchamp, which appeared between 1810 and 1826. Description des Plantes cultivees a Malmaison a Navarre used 9 of Bessa's illustrations and 54 by Redouté.
Bessa’s final work was Flore des Jardiniers, published in 1836.
# Glass crusher

A glass crusher provides for pulverization of glass to a yield size of 2 inches (5 cm) or less. Recycling operations may range from simple, manually-fed, self-contained machines to extravagant crushing systems complete with screens, conveyors, crushers and separators. All non-glass contaminants must generally be removed from the glass prior to recycling. The processes used in glass crushing for recycling involves the same methods used by the aggregate industry for crushing rock into sand (rock crusher).

## Vertical shaft impactor (VSI) glass crushing

The use of VSI crushers in large scale operations allow the production of up to 125 tons per hour of crushed glass cullet.
VSI crushers use a high speed rotor with wear-resistant tips and a crushing chamber designed to 'throw' the glass against. The VSI crushers utilize velocity rather than surface force as the predominant force to break glass as this allows the breaking force to be applied evenly both across the surface of the material as well as through the mass of the material. In its shattered state, glass has a jagged and uneven surface. Applying surface force (pressure) results in unpredictable and typically non-cubicle particles. As glass is 'thrown' by a VSI rotor against a solid anvil, it fractures and breaks along fissures. Final particle size can be controlled by 1) the velocity at which the glass is thrown against the anvil and 2) the distance between the end of the rotor and the impact point on the anvil. The product resulting from VSI crushing is generally of a consistent cubicle shape which may optimize yield in consumptive applications such as the fabrication of fiberglass, ceramic ware, flux agents and abrasives. Due to the highly abrasive nature of the glass material, a VSI crushing process is generally preferred over Horizontal Shaft Impact and most other crushing methods with higher maintenance and lower wear part lives.
VSI crushers generally utilize a high speed spinning rotor at the center of the crushing chamber and an outer impact surface of either abrasive resistant metal anvils or crushed glass (or rock in an aggregate applications). Utilizing cast metal surfaces 'anvils' are traditionally referred to as a "Shoe and Anvil VSI". Utilizing crushed material on the outer walls of the crusher for new material to be crushed against is traditionally referred to as "rock on rock VSI".

## VSI Principle of Operation

* VSI Principal of Operation
# Radio Hekaphon

Radio Hekaphon was the first radio broadcasting station in Austria.
It transmitted as pirate radio station from April 1, 1923, and ceased broadcasting in 1924, after the first license was granted to RAVAG.

## Sources

* Haimo Godler: Vom Dampfradio zur Klangtapete: Beiträge zu 80 Jahren Hörfunk in Österreich. Böhlau Verlag, Wien 2004.
* Peter Knezu: Radio HEKAPHONE - The first pirate broadcast transmitter in Austria. In: Second IEEE Region 8 Conference on the History of Telecommunications (HISTELCON). ISBN 978-1-4244-7450-9
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# Jesse Clement Gray

Jesse Clement Gray (12 July 1854 – 24 February 1912) was a British co-operative activist.
Born in Ripley, Derbyshire, Gray's father was the local Baptist minister. In 1860, the family moved to Hebden Bridge, and Gray was educated at the town's grammar school.
Gray left school at the age of thirteen, and became a clerk for the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. He was interested in the co-operative movement, and so in 1874 became the assistant secretary of the Hebden Bridge Fustian Society, a full-time post. He proved successful in the role, and was promoted to become the organisation's general secretary before he had even spent six months in the post.
Gray began making a national reputation for himself, championing co-operative production methods, in addition to the co-operative retail which was becoming widespread. In 1883, he was appointed as assistant secretary of the Co-operative Union, and was promoted to become its secretary in 1891. He also became secretary of the International Co-operative Alliance, serving from 1902 until 1908.
In 1906, Gray proposed that the various retail co-operatives in the UK amalgamate, to be run by an elected general council with 150 members. This proposal was not taken up. He retired in 1910, due to failing health, and died in Manchester two years later. He is buried in Hebden Bridge with a monument in the graveyard funded by the movement.
# Ainbcellach mac Ferchair

Ainbcellach mac Ferchair was king of the Cenél Loairn of Dál Riata, and perhaps of all Dál Riata, from 697 until 698, when he was deposed and exiled to Ireland.
He was a son of Ferchar Fota. He is given the epithet the Good in the Duan Albanach, a praise poem from the 11th century.
It is unclear how long he remained in exile. There are reports of fighting in Dál Riata in the early 8th century which might be a conflict between Ainbcellach and his brother, Selbach mac Ferchair, or between the Cenél Loairn and the Cenél nGabráin for control of Dál Riata. Ainbcellach had certainly returned by September 719, when he was killed fighting against Selbach in "Finnglen" (perhaps near Loch Fyne).
Ainbcellach's son Muiredach was later king of the Cenél Loairn. The later Mormaers of Moray traced their descent to Ainbcellach and the Cenél Loairn through Ainbcellach's son Ruadrí.
# Laurent Gras

Laurent Gras may refer to:
* Laurent Gras (chef) (born 1965), French chef
* Laurent Gras (ice hockey) (born 1976), French ice hockey player
# Interpretive journalism

Interpretive (or Interpretative) journalism or interpretive reporting requires a journalist to go beyond the basic facts related to an event and provide more in-depth news coverage. The lack of precise borders accompanied by diverse theoretical approaches related to what interpretative journalism is in the modern world results in the practice of interpretative journalism overlapping with various other genres of journalism, and furthermore operationalization of interpretative journalism becomes largely blurred. Interpretive journalists must have atypical awareness with and comprehension of a subject with their work involving looking for systems, rationale and influences that explain what they are reporting.
The impact of interpretive journalism is when the reporting results in trend-setting articles, powerful think-pieces and further straying into the field of investigative reporting which has become the hallmark of good print journalism. But in recent times with the trend of breaking news and in finding ways to get viewers faster, journalists and readers have given up or just don't find time for traditional long-form interpretive reporting.

## Definitions

* "It is reporting news depth and with care, news refreshed with background materials to make it comprehensive and meaningful. It is objective judgment based on background knowledge of a situation or appraisal of an event which are essential parts of news." - Lester Markel, editor, The Sunday New Yorks Times
* "It is giving the reading public accurate information as fully as the importance of any story dictates." - William Turner Catledge, editor, The New York Times"
* "It goes beyond the basic facts of an event or topic to provide context, analysis, and possible consequences." - Brant Houston, executive director, Investigative Reporters and Editors

## History

In his book Interpretative Reporting (1938) Curtis D. MacDongall wrote that during the beginning of the First World War most Americans were taken by surprise and were unable to understand the reasons why it started. This led to changes in the style of reporting.
During the 1920s events such as the Great Depression and the Nazi threat to global stability caused audiences to be no longer content with the five W's of journalism. In 1923, Time magazine launched as the first major publication to provide readers with a more analytical interpretation of the news. Many papers responded with a new type of reporting that became known as interpretive journalism.
The spread of interpretive reporting brought with it a number of variations such as new journalism, activism and advocacy journalism, adversary journalism, investigative journalism.
# Alore

Alore is a village in the Chiplun taluka of Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra, India. It lies on a bypass of the state highway linking the nearest town of Chiplun to Karad, and is located about 12.0 km (7.5 mi) east of the nearest town, that is Chiplun.
Alore pin code is 415603 and postal head office is Alore .
Kolkewadi ( 2 km ), Pedhambe ( 3 km ), Adare ( 6 km ), Gane ( 6 km ), Kanhe ( 7 km ) are the nearby villages to Alore. Alore is surrounded by Khed Taluka towards north, Patan Taluka towards east, Sangmeshwar Taluka towards south, Guhagar Taluka towards west .
Chiplun, Satara, Mahabaleswar, Karad are the nearby cities to Alore.

## Language

Marathi is the most common language spoken here.
# Passenans

Passenans (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Panagiotis Adraktas

Panagiotis Adraktas (Greek: Παναγιώτης Αδράκτας, born September 28, 1948) is a Greek politician. He was born in Kardamas in northwestern Elis. He is a doctor and doctorate at the Medical Faculty of the University of Athens. He was elected in the 2nd Athens constituency in June 1989, November 1989 and 1990. He returned to Ilia and ran as a politician in 2000, 2004 and 2007 as a member of the New Democracy party. He was a municipal counselor in Chaidari between 1980 and 1986 and Peristeri in 1990.
# Radio Hill

Radio Hill (66°33′S 93°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.550°S 93.000°E﻿ / -66.550; 93.000) is a hill rising to 50 m, standing 0.4 nautical miles (0.7 km) southwest of Mabus Point on the coast of Antarctica. It was discovered and first mapped by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition led by Douglas Mawson, 1911–1914. It was remapped and named by the Soviet expedition of 1956.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Radio Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
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# Jinhua–Qiandaohu railway

The Jinhua–Qiandaohu railway is a single-track branch railway in China which connects Jinhua to Qiandao Lake.

## History

The section from Jinhua to Lanxi was constructed between 1930 and 1932. The full route was not completed until 1957 and was used to carry materials for the Xin'an River Dam.
Services north of Lanxi railway station ceased in 2009. Since then, the only passenger services have been the daily service T7785 and T7786 between Hangzhou railway station and Lanxi.
A new freight handling facility opened at the northern end of the line in April 2016.

## Nearby railways

The Hangzhou–Huangshan intercity railway opened on 25 December 2018 with a stop serving Qiandao Lake, however it is situated to the north of the lake rather than the south. The planned high-speed Jinhua–Jiande railway will include a new station at Lanxi, Lanxi East.
# Aileen Fyfe

Aileen Fyfe FRSE is a historian.

## Academia

Fyfe formerly lectured on the history of science and technology, typically nineteenth-century, at NUI Galway, c. 2000s. Since 2011 she has been based at the University of St Andrews and is Director of Research for the School of History. Her research there is focused on the circulation and consumption of knowledge from the late seventeenth century onwards.
Fyfe is a member of the Council of the History of Science Society (USA). From 2002 to 2007 she was Treasurer of the British Society for the History of Science, and she was the Chair of the Royal Irish Academy's subcommittee on the History of Science until 2010.
From 2013-2017 she led an AHRC on Philosophical Transactions, the journal of the Royal Society of London. She was the lead author of the 2017 briefing paper Untangling Academic Publishing: a history of the relationship between commercial interests, academic prestige and the circulation of research which culminated from this research.
Since Spring 2021 she has been coordinating the 'Women Historians of St Andrews' project, which aims to seek out the experiences of women who studied, researched and taught History at St Andrews.

## Selected publications

* Fyfe, Aileen (2003), Science for Children, Bristol: Thoemmes Press, ISBN 9781843710219
* Fyfe, Aileen (2004), Science and salvation: evangelical popular science publishing in Victorian Britain, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 9780226276489
* Fyfe, Aileen; Lightman, Bernard V (2007), Science in the marketplace: nineteenth-century sites and experiences, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226150024
* Fyfe, Aileen (2012), Steam-powered knowledge: William Chambers and the business of publishing, 1820-1860, The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226276519
* Fyfe, Aileen (2015), 'Journals, learned societies and money: Philosophical Transactions ca. 1750–1900', Notes and Records of the Royal Society, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 277-299.
* Fyfe, Aileen; McDougall-Waters, Julie; Moxham, Noah (2018), 'Credit, copyright, and the circulation of scientific knowledge: the Royal Society in the long nineteenth century', Victorian Periodicals Review, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 597-615.
* Fyfe, Aileen; Squazzoni, Flaminio; Torny, Didier; Dondio, Pierpaolo (2020), 'Managing the growth of peer review at the Royal Society journals, 1865-1965', Science, Technology, and Human Values, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 405-429.
* Fyfe, Aileen; Gielas, Anna Maria (2020), 'Introduction: Editorship and the editing of scientific journals, 1750-1950', Centaurus, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 5-20.
* Fyfe, Aileen; McDougall-Waters, Julie; Moxham, Noah; Mørk Røstvik, Camilla (2022), 'A History of Scientific Journals: Publishing at the Royal Society, 1665-2015', London: UCL Press (open access)

## Awards and honours

Fyfe was awarded the 2013 Edelstein Prize, recognizing Steam-Powered Knowledge as best book on the history of technology. Steam-Powered Knowledge was also awarded the 2013 Robert and Vineta Colby Prize, by the Research Society for Victorian Periodicals. She was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2022.
# Interpretivism

Interpretivism may refer to:
* Interpretivism (social science), an approach to social science that opposes the positivism of natural science
* Qualitative research, a method of inquiry in social science and related disciplines
* Interpretivism (legal), a school of thought in contemporary jurisprudence and the philosophy of law
# Alvin W. Hall

Alvin W. Hall (August 23, 1888 – February 15, 1969) was an official in the United States Department of the Treasury who was Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing from 1924 to 1954.

## Biography

Alvin W. Hall was born in Harleigh, Pennsylvania, in 1888 and grew up in Harleigh. He received an LL.B. from the National University School of Law.
Hall worked in the private sector as an accountant and auditor before entering government service. In 1920, he joined the United States Bureau of Efficiency and conducted efficiency studies for many government agencies.
In 1922, United States Secretary of the Treasury Andrew W. Mellon appointed Hall to a special committee designed to review the procedures of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. After this committee reported, Hall became a member of the Bureau's planning unit. In 1924, he was appointed Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. He was the youngest Director of the Bureau ever, and also the longest serving, holding office for thirty years until his retirement in 1954.
Hall died in Washington, D.C., in 1969 at age 80.
# Fiorenza I Sanudo, Lady of Milos

Fiorenza Sanudo (died after 1397) was lady of the island of Milos in Frankish Greece.
She was a daughter of Marco Sanudo, Lord of Milos.
She married in 1383 Francesco I Crispo, who became the tenth Duke of the Archipelago, and had issue.
# Panaiotis

Panaiotis, also known as Peter Ward, is an American vocalist and composer, currently living in Albuquerque. He received his Master of Music degree from New England Conservatory and a Ph.D. in music from the University of California, San Diego.
He has collaborated with composer and accordionist Pauline Oliveros, together co-founding the Deep Listening Band, and Indian santurist Nandkishor Muley.

## Discography

* The Ballad of Frankie Silver (1994)
* Rising Sun (2001), with Nandkishor Muley

### Performer

* Deep Listening (1989)
* The Ready Made Boomerang (1991)
* Troglodyte's Delight (1990)

## Musical software

In 2014, Panaiotis brought his software and compositional talents to create *Bandojo, an app that lets novices create melodies in accompaniment with musical textures, and jam together with friends. The iOS version was done in collaboration with Andrew Stone.
# Glen Lake Community School

Glen Lake Community School (GLCS) is a public, coeducational K–12 school in Kasson Township, Leelanau County, Michigan. Located between Burdickville and Maple City, Glen Lake Community School serves most of southwest and central Leelanau County, and lies near the eponymous Glen Lake.
Most of the school district is in Leelanau County. Places in the district include Cedar, Empire, Glen Arbor, and Maple City. Townships in the district include Empire, Glen Arbor, Kasson, and parts of Centerville, Cleveland, and Solon. The district also includes a portion of Platte Township, Benzie County.

## History

The Glen Lake Community Schools District was established in 1958, consolidating the declining local school districts of Cedar, Empire, Glen Arbor, and Maple City.

## Demographics

The demographic breakdown of the 674 students enrolled in 2021–22 was:
* Male – 54.9%
* Female – 45.1%
* Native American/Alaskan – 0.3%
* Asian – 0.1%
* Black – 0.6%
* Hispanic – 2.1%
* Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander – 0.2%
* White – 95.8%
* Multiracial – 1.0%
Additionally, 221 students (32.8%) were eligible for reduced-price or free lunch.
# Raffaello Ossola

Raffaello Ossola is a painter, born in Locarno, Switzerland, who has lived in Italy since 1990.
Ossola uses acrylic and has a distinctive style that incorporates elements such as architecture, pools, clouds, rocks, shrubs, and obelisks in surreal landscapes. His style uses characteristic light reflections and projections.
His works Sentimento and Equilibrio Temporale were exhibited in Galleria Gagliardi in San Gimignano, Italy.
# Golden Valley Is Now

Golden Valley Is Now is an album by the group of the same name, featuring bassist Reid Anderson, drummer Dave King, and keyboardist Craig Taborn. It was recorded in August 2018 in Minneapolis, and was released by Intakt Records in 2019.
The album title refers to the fact that all three musicians grew up in Golden Valley, Minnesota, and have played together on occasion since high school.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Jazzwise | |
In a review for AllMusic, Thom Jurek called the album "lovely," and wrote: "This date isn't about showing musical muscle; it's about composing, playing, and arranging songs -- simple instrumental ones -- with creativity and panache. This trio accomplish that with rawness, immediacy, collective good will, and a wacky kind of elegance."
Kevin Le Gendre of Jazzwise stated: "With influences spanning the more cultured end of 1990s synth-pop and sophisticated, orchestral electronica... the music carries the kind of sheen and shimmer one would attribute to any artists with a deep interest in both analogue and digital technology. Beyond the rich textural palette created... there is a thread of intense melancholy running through the material."
Writing for Jazz Times, A. D. Amorosi noted the album's "rainbow of surprisingly subtle colors and shadings," and praised the "manic propulsion" of "High Waist Drifter," with its "rapid-fire cymbal attack, party-ball handclapping, and Taborn's cheesy garage-band organ."
In an article for the Los Angeles Review of Books, Dan DiPiero described the recording as "a beguiling album of intricate, nuanced, melancholic pop songs performed by three master improvisers, and featuring almost no identifiable improvisations whatsoever."

## Personnel

* Craig Taborn – synthesizers, electric piano, acoustic piano
* Reid Anderson – electric bass, electronics
* Dave King – drums, electronic drums
# Aguacate, Cuba

Aguacate is a community of about 5,000 people in the province of Mayabeque in Cuba. Until 1976 it was part of the former province of Havana. It was a town until 1973 when it became incorporated into the municipality of Madruga. As of January 1, 2011, the locality became part of the new Province of Mayabeque. Aguacate is also a station on the main line of the Cuban National Railway.

## History

The town was founded in 1796 by some neighbors who settled in el corral de los Siete Príncipes. This community was divided in 1803. That same year the first church was constructed, being auxiliary of Jibacoa. Later an oratorio consecrated to Our Lady of the Carmen was constructed, replacing the first church. The community was severely damaged in the 1846 Havana hurricane. The municipal council dates from 1879. In 1919 Aguacate had a population of 2557 people, increasing to 2895 in 1931 and reaching 3324 in 1943. In 2002 it surpassed 5,000 inhabitants.

## Geography

Aguacate is located at kilometer 73 of the Central Highway between Havana and Santiago de Cuba, to which it is joined by a branch. By rail it is 30 kilometers from the city of Matanzas and 62 from Havana.
The chess master José Raúl Capablanca spent part of his childhood in this town.