OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gabriel Arnaud

Gabriel Arnaud (1882–1957) was a mycologist.

## Works

* Contribution à l'étude des fumagines. G Arnaud, 1910
* Les astérinées. G Arnaud, 1918
* Etude sur les champignons parasites (Parodiellinacees, inclus Erysiphees). G Arnaud, 1921
# Pierre Audi

Pierre Audi (born 1957 in Beirut, Lebanon) is a French-Lebanese theatre director and artistic director.

## Early life

Audi is the son of the Lebanese banker Raymond Audi and Andrée Michel Fattal, the eldest of three children. Audi's family were originally from Saida, but he attended the French Lycée in Beirut. While still at school, he initiated a cinema club and invited speakers including the film directors Pier Paolo Pasolini and Jacques Tati.
For family reasons, he moved to Paris in France and there attended the Collège Stanislas de Paris. At the age of 17, Audi together with his family moved to England. He studied history at Exeter College, Oxford. In his last year at Oxford during November 1977, he directed an Oxford University Dramatic Society production of Timon of Athens by William Shakespeare at the Oxford Playhouse.

## Almeida Theatre

In 1979, Audi founded the Almeida Theatre, an experimental theatre in Islington, North London He directed many productions at the Almeida Theatre in the 1980s.

## Dutch National Opera and later functions

From 1988 to 2018, Audi was the artistic director of the Dutch National Opera. Audi's productions with the Dutch National Opera include the first complete performance of the Ring Cycle in the Netherlands, the Lorenzo Da Ponte operas by Mozart, Francis Poulenc's Dialogues des Carmélites, Peter Greenaway's and Louis Andriessen's Rosa - A Horse Drama and Writing to Vermeer, Alexander Knaifel's Alice in Wonderland, and Claude Vivier's Rêves d'un Marco Polo. Audi commissioned the opera Life with an Idiot by Alfred Schnittke.
From 2005 to 2014, Audi also was the artistic director of the Holland Festival. As of October 2015 he is the artistic director of Park Avenue Armory, while continuing his work as artistic director of the Dutch National Opera. In September 2018 he left the Dutch National Opera after a thirty-year tenure, and became director of the Festival International d'Art Lyrique d'Aix-en-Provence.
# Pier Filippo Mazza

Pier Filippo Mazza (born 20 August 1988) is a Sammarinese footballer who last played for A.S.D. Sant'Ermete in Italy.
He has been capped by the San Marino national football team and made his international debut in 2010.
# Piano Concerto (Aucoin)

The Concerto for Piano and Orchestra is a piano concerto written by the American composer Matthew Aucoin. The work was commissioned by the Gilmore International Keyboard Festival. Its world premiere was performed by the pianist Conor Hanick and the Alabama Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Carlos Izcaray at the Alys Robinson Stephens Performing Arts Center on October 7, 2016.

## Composition

The concerto has a duration of approximately 38 minutes in performance and is cast in three numbered movements.

### Instrumentation

The work is scored for solo piano and an orchestra consisting of two flutes (2nd doubling piccolo), two oboes (2nd doubling English horn), two clarinets, bass clarinet, two bassoons, four horns, two trumpets, trombone, bass trombone, tuba, timpani, three percussionists, and strings.

## Reception

The piano concerto has been praised by music critics. Reviewing a performance by Hanick and the Boston Modern Orchestra Project conducted by Gil Rose, Zoë Madonna of The Boston Globe wrote, "It began with ominous drumrolls, evoking a procession of the condemned. The solo piano, played with a deft touch and cool sparkle by Conor Hanick, made a mad dash for freedom, spurred on by the orchestra. Octave doublings gave the sound a primeval urgency. The second movement rested on a relaxed pulsing rhythm in the piano; if you breathed along, you'd calm down, until whistling winds and thudding drums signaled a slide from contentment to resurging anxiety, glockenspiel joining the piano in insistent alarm. The perpetual motion of the first movement returned in the brief finale, the soloist fighting a tidal surge in counter motion with the orchestra."
# Gabrielle Carey

Gabrielle Carey (10 January 1959 – 2 May 2023) was an Australian writer who co-wrote the teen novel, Puberty Blues with Kathy Lette. This novel was the first teenage novel published in Australia that was written by teenagers. Carey became a senior lecturer in the Creative Writing program at the University of Technology Sydney, studying James Joyce and Randolph Stow.

## Life and career

Carey was born in Sydney, New South Wales, and was raised in an atheist, humanist household. Her father was Alex Carey.
Carey met Kathy Lette at the age of 12 while still at school and they became best friends. Both left school early (Carey at 15 and Lette a year later) against the wishes of their families. Leaving home, they shared a flat together and wrote Puberty Blues, which was based on the lives of young male surfers in Sydney and their girlfriends. The novel shocked many people by its graphic description of teenage behaviour.
Once the book was published Carey and Lette separated and their lives moved in different directions. In 1981, Bruce Beresford directed a film adaptation of the novel.
Carey and Lette also wrote a column for the Sun Herald, under the name "The Salami Sisters".
A telefilm version of Carey's autobiographical book, Just Us, an account of her relationship with Parramatta Gaol prisoner, Terry Haley, was made in 1986. It was directed by Gordon Glenn from a screenplay by Ted Roberts.
While in Ireland in the mid-1980s, she converted to the Catholic faith, becoming convinced of the importance of spirituality in everyday life. After a year in Ireland she left and for several years lived in a small village in Mexico, returning to Australia in the early 1990s.
Her 2020 book, Only Happiness Here, was shortlisted for the 2021 Nib Literary Award.
Carey had a daughter and a son. She lived in Sydney and was a freelance writer, penning occasional articles for The Sydney Morning Herald and other newspapers. She had lectured at several universities throughout her life, including the University of Sydney and the University of Canberra. Until 2020, taught creative writing at the University of Technology, Sydney.
Carey died suddenly in early May 2023, at the age of 64.
# GCI coach

GCI was a class of Belgian passenger carriage. GCI were introduced in the beginning of the 20th century. They had a metal frame but the body was made of wood. They are based on GC coaches, which stood for "Large capacity" conveniently in both French and Dutch, they were indeed larger than any previous NMBS/SNCB coaches; they were the first to have three axles but most of them had fully separate compartments, that could only be reached from outside. On GCI coaches, a side corridor was provided, at the inconvenience of reducing seating capacity; from 96 to 80 in 3rd class. Most of them had an open platform and a toilet at the other end but on some cars the toilet was omitted and replaced by a second platform and a few 3rd class cars had both a toilet and an enclosed platform (fitted with folding seats). The name I in the name GCI was indicating interconnection.
While GC cars were withdrawn shortly before WWII, GCI railcars were used until 1966. The heritage Dendermonde–Puurs Steam Railway in Belgium operates one fully restored GCI, and possesses more GCIs that are waiting to be restored. Also the Chemin de Fer à vapeur des Trois Vallées operates a few of these cars, as do some heritage railways in The Netherlands and Luxemburg.

## In the media

These coaches were the mainstay of Belgian passenger rail traffic just after WW2; they can be seen in several comic books of the era. One example is the Piet Pienter en Bert Bibber album Het raadsel van de Schimmenburcht; another is the Suske en Wiske story De Bokkerijders.
Paul Delvaux showed GCI carriages in his Station Forestière painting of 1960.
# Gaia (Marilyn Crispell album)

Gaia is an album by American jazz pianist Marilyn Crispell, which was recorded in 1987 and released on the English Leo label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
| Tom Hull – on the Web | A− |
The Wire's 1988 critics poll listed Gaia as one of the best albums of that year. The editors wrote: "Named for the Greek Goddess of the Earth, GAIA affirms the power of the life-force in fierce, joyous music that is both sexual and spiritual..."
In his review for AllMusic, Thom Jurek states "Gaia is too fragmented to be marketed as a single work, its editing is sloppy and incoherent, and the improvising here - by a trio that would later stun live audiences with its empathy and near telepathic communication - is too stilted and rudimentary."
The Penguin Guide to Jazz says that "Gaia is one of the finest composition/improvisation records of the '80s, a hymn to the planet that is neither mawkish nor sentimental, but tough-minded, coherent and entire."

## Track listing

All compositions by Marilyn Crispell
* "Gaia" – 39:40

## Personnel

* Marilyn Crispell – piano, harp, percussion
* Reggie Workman - bass, drums, percussion
* Doug James - drums, percussion
# Gaius Papirius (pontifex maximus)

Gaius Papirius was pontifex maximus in 509 BC, the first year of the Roman Republic. He copied the religious ordinances established by Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome, which his grandson, Ancus Marcius, had carved on oaken tablets, and placed in the Forum.
According to Pomponius, a Sextus or Publius Papirius had collected all of the leges regiae, the laws established by the kings, in the time of the Tarquins. This collection came to be known as the Ius Papirianum or Ius Civile Papirianum. Münzer postulated that this collection was the same as that recorded by Gaius Papirius, the Pontifex Maximus, who would then be identified with the Sextus or Publius Papirius referred to by Pomponius.

## Footnotes

* ↑ The timing is unclear, because Pomponius refers to this occurring in the time of Tarquinius Superbus, the son of Demaratus. But it was Lucius Tarquinius Priscus who was the son of Demaratus, succeeding to the throne after the death of Ancus Marcius; Tarquinius Priscus was probably his grandson.
* ↑ Or Jus (Civile) Papirianum.
# Pierre Pasquier

Pierre Pasquier may refer to:
* Pierre Pasquier (businessman)
* Pierre Pasquier (colonial administrator)
* Pierre Pasquier (violist)
# GMC V8 engine

GMC has both shared engine designs and architectures with other General Motors divisions as well as having a history of developing and using its own unique engines and powertrains such as its line of straight-6 and V8 engines.

## GMC engines

GMC's own V8 was the 637-cubic-inch (10.4 L) unit, which was essentially a 478 V6 with two cylinders added. It shared the 5.125 in × 3.86 in (130.2 mm × 98.0 mm) bore and stroke and used a single camshaft. It was manufactured in gasoline and diesel versions, and was the largest-displacement production gasoline V8 ever made for highway trucks. The GMC 637 V8 was produced from 1965 to 1973.

## Non-GMC engines
### Pontiac

Prior to developing its own engines, smaller GMC trucks used the Pontiac V8 engine. They used the Pontiac 287-cubic-inch (4.7 L) engine for 1955 and 316-cubic-inch (5.2 L) engine in 1956, but advertised the engines as the "GMC 288" and "GMC 316". They used Pontiac's 347-cubic-inch (5.7 L) in 1957. For 1958, GMC reduced the bore of Pontiac's 370-cubic-inch (6.1 L) to 3.875 in (98.4 mm), resulting in a displacement of 336-cubic-inch (5.5 L). (In Canada, however, GMC used the Chevrolet small-block engine rather than the Pontiac.) For 1959, as the Pontiac engine's stroke was lengthened to 3.75 in (95.3 mm), a further bore reduction to 3.78 in (96.0 mm) was done to keep the displacement at 336.7 cubic inches (5.5 L).

### Oldsmobile

Starting in 1955, for the larger trucks, the Oldsmobile Rocket V8 was available. In 1955 and 1956, it was 324 cubic inches (5.3 L). Power listed for 1956 was 210 hp @ 4200 rpm; torque was 305 lb-ft @ 2400 rpm. For the 1957 through 1959 model years, it was upped in bore and stroke and called the 370. Power was listed as 232 hp @ 4200 rpm and torque as 355 lb-ft @ 2600 rpm.

### Chevrolet Small-Block

From 1955 through 2003, GMC shared Chevrolet's small-block V8. This came in 265, 283, 305, 327, 350, and 400 cu in (4.3, 4.6, 5.0, 5.3, 5.7, and 6.6 L) sizes.

### Chevrolet Big-Block

GMC also shared Chevrolet's big-block V8 from 1968 through 2009. The company used the 366, 396, 402, 427, 454, and 496 (6.0, 6.5, 6.6, 7.0, 7.4, and 8.1 L) versions.

### GM LS-based engines

Beginning in 1999, GMC began offering GM's LS-based "small-block" V8 engine in various models. Through the years, engines have been offered in 4.8, 5.3, 6.0, 6.2, and 6.6-liter displacements.

### Duramax engines

Beginning in 2001, GMC offered the same turbocharged diesel Duramax V8 engines as were available in similar Chevrolet trucks. The engine family was co-developed by GM Powertrain and Isuzu, and has gone through numerous iterations through the years. Duramax engines are paired with a heavy-duty automatic transmission from GM's Allison division.
# Pieta in the Toilet

Pieta in the Toilet (トイレのピエタ, Toire no Pieta) is a 2015 Japanese youth drama film directed by Daishi Matsunaga. It was released in Japan on June 6, 2015.

## Cast

* Yojiro Noda as Hiro Sonoda
* Hana Sugisaki

## Reception

On Film Business Asia, Derek Elley gave the film a 6 out of 10, calling it an "interesting drama of an offbeat friendship between a dying artist and a schoolgirl".
# G factor

g factor may refer to:
* g factor (psychometrics), a model used to describe the commonality between cognitive ability test results
* g-factor (physics), a quantity related to the magnetic moment of an electron, nucleus, or other particle
* The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability, a book by Arthur R. Jensen about the psychometric concept
* The g Factor: General Intelligence and Its Implications, a book by Chris Brand about the psychometric concept
# Piloti

Pilotis, or piers, are supports such as columns, pillars, or stilts that lift a building above ground or water. They are traditionally found in stilt and pole dwellings such as fishermen's huts in Asia and Scandinavia using wood, and in elevated houses such as Old Queenslanders in Australia's tropical Northern state, where they are called "stumps". Pilotis are a fixture of modern architecture, and were recommended by the modern architect Le Corbusier in his manifesto, the Five Points of Architecture.

## Function

In modern architecture, pilotis are ground-level supporting columns. A prime example is Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye in Poissy, France. Another is Patrick Gwynne's The Homewood in Surrey, England.
Beyond their support function, the pilotis (or piers) raise the architectural volume, lighten it and free a space for circulation under the construction. They refine a building's connectivity with the land by allowing for parking, garden or driveway below while allowing a sense of floating and lightness in the architecture itself. In hurricane-prone areas, pilotis may be used to raise the inhabited space of a building above typical storm surge levels.
Le Corbusier used them in a variety of forms from slender posts to the massive Brutalist look of the Marseilles Housing Unit (1945–1952) with a range of bases, inclusions and surfaces. This was part of Le Corbusier's idea of machine-like efficiency where land, people and buildings would work together optimally.
# Pilotiškės

54°33′07″N 23°42′50″E﻿ / ﻿54.552°N 23.714°E﻿ / 54.552; 23.714
Pilotiškės is a village in Prienai District Municipality, Kaunas County, Lithuania.
In 2001 its population was 44. In 2021 it dropped to 17.
The village is best known as the birthplace of Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas, Lithuanian poet and writer, and there is Putinas's house museum in his birth home.
The mound Krušakalnis by the village was described in Putinas's novel Altorių šešėly [lt] (In the Shadow of the Altars) under the name Aušrakalnis, and the mound has become known as Aušrakalnis since then.
# Pin feather

A pin feather is a developing feather on a bird. This feather can grow as a new feather during the bird's infancy, or grow to replace one from moulting.
The pin feather looks somewhat like a feather shaft. However, unlike a fully developed feather, the pin feather has a blood supply flowing through it; at this stage, it may also be called a blood feather. As such, if the pin feather is damaged, a bird can bleed heavily.
As the pin feather grows longer, the blood supply is concentrated in only the base of the shaft, and the tip of the shaft encases the feather itself in a waxy coating. As moulting birds preen, they remove the waxy coating, and the feather unfurls.
When the blood has receded, the term "blood feather" is no longer synonymous with "pin feather" – it can only be referred to as a pin feather.

## Growth

Pin feathers begin to develop after the feather bud invaginates a cylinder of epidermal tissue around the base of the dermal papilla, forming the feather follicle. At the base of the feather follicle, epithelial cells proliferate to grow the epidermal collar or cylinder. As the epidermal cylinder extends through dermis, it differentiates into a protective peripheral sheath, longitudinal barb ridges, and growth plates. Over time these barb ridges lengthen helically, branch to create barbs and barbules, and fuse to form the rachis or central shaft. Moreover, the barb plate further differentiate into hooklets and cilia, while the marginal and axial plate die to form the intervening space within the feather structure.
A bird with pin feathers may be said to be "in pin".

## Pet care

During moulting, a bird may get careless and begin to chew its feathers and might accidentally damage a blood feather. To prevent this, it is necessary that the bird is given chewing toys so that it does not chew at its own feathers. Pin feathers are sensitive, and some pet birds do not enjoy being handled while moulting for this reason.
To stop bleeding from a pin feather, it is necessary to pluck the feather from its base. Bleeding must be taken care of as soon as possible to prevent too much blood loss. However, this can be difficult for a pet bird owner to do on a larger bird, so it is recommended owners have the necessary tools on hand in a first aid kit. If assistance is needed, the bird should be taken to a veterinarian as soon as possible.
# Gabaa

Gabaa may refer to:
GABAA may refer to:
# Gale–Church alignment algorithm

In computational linguistics, the Gale–Church algorithm is a method for aligning corresponding sentences in a parallel corpus. It works on the principle that equivalent sentences should roughly correspond in length; that is, longer sentences in one language should correspond to longer sentences in the other language. The algorithm was described in a 1993 paper by William A. Gale and Kenneth W. Church of AT&T Bell Laboratories.
# Galečić

Galečić is a village in the Municipality of Tomislavgrad in Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The village is located on the hill in the upper part of Šujica Valley.
In close proximity of the village is an old Ottoman bridge over the Šuica river, Galečka Ćuprija, situated in the heart of the Šuica Valley.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 279, all Croats.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Galečka bridge on the Šuica river - Dron.ba". Dron.ba Multimedia (in Bosnian and English). Retrieved 7 July 2018.
* ↑ "Nepoznata bh. ljepotica u odličnom videu: Znate li za Galečku ćupriju". Radio Sarajevo (in Bosnian). 26 June 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
* ↑ Ethnicity/National Affiliation, Religion and Mother Tongue 2019, pp. 528–529.
# Galloways

Galloways may refer to:
* Galloway's Society for the Blind, charity in Lancashire, England
* Galloways Bakers, chain of pie shops in North West England
* W & J Galloway & Sons, known from 1931 as Galloways Ltd, maker of steam engines and boilers based in Manchester, England
# Pine Hill Cemetery

Pine Hill Cemetery may refer to:
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Auburn, Alabama)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Davenport, Iowa)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Louisa, Kentucky)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Tewksbury, Massachusetts)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Dover, New Hampshire)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Durham, New Hampshire)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Hillsborough, New Hampshire)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Buffalo, New York)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Gowanda, New York)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Parma, New York)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Throop, New York)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Burlington, North Carolina)
* Pine Hill Cemetery (Brandon, Vermont)
# Ganegama (Panduwasnuwara West) Grama Niladhari Division

Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Panduwasnuwara West Divisional Secretariat of Kurunegala District of North Western Province, Sri Lanka . It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 1328.
Ganegama is a surrounded by the Alahenegama, Beliwewa, Dothella, Mandapola, Rambewa and Madulla Grama Niladhari Divisions.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division has a Sinhalese majority (99.9%) . In comparison, the Panduwasnuwara West Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division) has a Sinhalese majority (86.8%) and a significant Moor population (12.6%)
Ethnicity in Ganegama

### Religion

The Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division has a Buddhist majority (97.8%) . In comparison, the Panduwasnuwara West Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division) has a Buddhist majority (83.6%) and a significant Muslim population (12.8%)
Religion in Ganegama
vtePlaces adjacent to Ganegama (Panduwasnuwara West) Grama Niladhari Division :
Beliwewa
Alahenegama
Dothella
Ganegama Grama Niladhari Division
Mandapola
Madulla
Rambewa :
# Pillaiyarmatham

Pillaiyarmatham is a village in the Thanjavur taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Pillaiyarmatham had a total population of 1876 with 921 males and 955 females. The sex ratio was 1037. The literacy rate was 77.34.
# Galt Island (Florida)

Galt Island (Florida) is an island off the west coast of Florida. It is a part of St. James City in Lee County, near Fort Myers Beach. It contains the Galt Island Archeological District.

## Geography

Galt Island is located at 26°30′56″N 82°06′24″W﻿ / ﻿26.5156°N 82.1067°W﻿ / 26.5156; -82.1067.
# Pinopolis, South Carolina

Pinopolis is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 948.

## History

Founded circa 1845, the community was established at a relatively high elevation in the "low country" of South Carolina, and it gave an escape from mosquitoes and uncomfortable heat. It became a gathering place for those of means during this time. It shared this aspect with other communities throughout the plantation economy of this era.
A resident spontaneously coined the name "Pinopolis" because of the many pine trees. This is probably a reflection of schooling that included references to Greek and Latin.
During the pre-Civil War period it developed in this way and maintained as a place of polish and refinement. In the post-Civil War period and during the change of the South, it became the location of the first elementary school for black students.
In 1939, the Santee Cooper Project dammed the Santee River, flooding nearly 175,000 acres (710 km$^2$) and creating Lake Moultrie with the Pinopolis Dam in 1946. Because of its high elevation, Pinopolis was spared from the flooding, and now exists as a peninsula on the lake.
The Pinopolis Historic District North, Pinopolis Historic District South, and William Robertson House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.