OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GrIDsure

GrIDsure was a personal identification system which extends the standard ‘shared-secret’ authentication model to create a secure methodology whereby a dynamic ‘one-time’ password or PIN can be generated by a user. It was invented by Jonathan Craymer and Stephen Howes in November 2005. It has received positive media reception.
GrIDsure went into liquidation in October 2011 after investor funding dried up.
On 18 November 2011 Cryptocard announced it had acquired the intellectual property of GrIDsure, which includes eight patents that have been granted and a further 16 pending. Cryptocard was already a GrIDsure OEM partner and uses the product in their portfolio.

## Authentication method

In order to authenticate, the user is asked to input a series of numbers based on a preregistered pattern on a grid (that the user knows) and a grid of pseudo-random numbers generated by the authenticator. This results in a different series of numbers each time the user authenticates.

## Academic reception

A study was carried out on the statistical security of GrIDsure by Richard Weber in the Statistical Laboratory of the University of Cambridge. He concluded "This is one of the most beautiful ideas I have seen in many years of looking at algorithms and optimisation problems."
In March 2008, an independent security researcher, Mike Bond, identified flaws in the Gridsure authentication scheme, specifically commenting on Weber's analysis, and concluded:
   "The Gridsure authentication mechanism remains largely unproven. Studies so far are flawed or taken out of context; my own initial studies indicate further weaknesses."
The introduction to Dr Bond's paper states "This document is not intended to be a fully representative or balanced appraisal of the scheme."
University College London conducted a usability trial. In a covering letter to the study report, Professor Sasse states:
   "Having looked at many mechanisms which have been proposed in recent years to overcome users' problems with PINs and passwords, this is the first one that has the potential to offer good usability and increased security at the same time."
# Art Teachers' Association of Ireland

The Art Teachers Association of Ireland (ATAI) is a voluntarily run subject association group. Its main function is representing Art Teachers, (predominantly at post-primary level) in Ireland. The association is a member of the Subject Association Representative Groups (SARG).
The association was established in 1950. The association concerns itself with developing and promoting Art education in Ireland. Over the years of its existence, it has been run by art teachers, for art teachers. There is a national executive that oversees policy and promotion, and over the years regional branches formed so that art teachers (usually working alone in their departments) could meet and share ideas and good practices.
As well as collaborating with SARG and TPN who help fund the association, the association often collaborates with the Initial Teacher Education colleges, such as NCAD LSAD and CIT such as the senior cycle teachmeet co-run with NCAD.

## Regional structure

The organisation is set up and run in a regional structure, usually tied to county borders. There historically have been several regions, currently there are:
* Cork
* Donegal
* Dublin
* Galway
* Tipperary/Limerick

## Conference

An annual conference is organised partially funded with TPN funding. The conference usually discusses methodologies, learning and will usually address topical issues.

## Leaving Certificate Art reform

In 2020, the Irish Leaving Certificate Art curriculum was updated for the first time since 1971, with the draft specification being called in 2017. There had been numerous calls for it to be updated to align with the then Junior Cycle curriculum, as changed in the 1990s. During that time, the ATAI represented art teachers in advocating for this change to happen. The 1971 syllabus had several elements
* Life Sketching (12.5%)
* Craft OR Design (25%)
* Still Life OR Imaginative Composition OR Abstract Composition (25%)
* History and Appreciation of Art (37.5%)
** Irish Art History (12.5%)
** European Art History (12.5%)
** Appreciation of Art and Design (12.5%)
The syllabus was criticised for being too broad, having 6000 years of history to focus on, and in particular, the examination process, which could ask anything from Newgrange to Banksy.

### 00's draft syllabus

There was a draft syllabus issued by the NCCA in consultation with interested bodies, such as the TUI, ASTI, SEC, and subject groups including the ATAI. Due to the economic crisis of 2008, and subsequent Irish recession, this syllabus was shelved indefinitely.
During the mid-2010s, the NCCA committed to reforming the art syllabus.

## Texaco Children's Art Competition

This competition started as an ATAI competition, and was adopted and sponsored by Texaco (then caltex).
# Roger Revelle Medal

The Roger Revelle Medal is given out annually by the American Geophysical Union to recognize "outstanding accomplishments or contributions toward the understanding of the Earth’s atmospheric processes, including its dynamics, chemistry, and radiation; and toward the role of the atmosphere, atmosphere-ocean coupling, or atmosphere-land coupling in determining the climate, biogeochemical cycles, or other key elements of the climate system". The award was created in 1991 and named after Roger Revelle.

## Past recipients

The past recipients of the Roger Revelle Medal are:
* 1992 - Edward N. Lorenz
* 1993 - Syukuro Manabe
* 1994 - F. Sherwood Rowland
* 1995 - Wallace Broecker
* 1996 - Robert E. Dickinson
* 1997 - Hans A. Oeschger
* 1998 - Harold S. Johnston
* 1999 - John Michael Wallace
* 2000 - James R. Holton
* 2001 - James Hansen
* 2002 - Ralph J. Cicerone
* 2003 - Jean Jouzel
* 2004 - Inez Fung
* 2006 - John E. Kutzbach
* 2007 - Richard B. Alley
* 2008 - Michael L. Bender
* 2009 - Jorge L. Sarmiento
* 2010 - Pietr P. Tans
* 2011 - Owen Brian Toon
* 2012 - Steven C. Wofsy
* 2013 - Kuo-Nan Liou
* 2014 - Christopher Field
* 2015 - Anne M. Thompson
* 2016 - Ellen R.M. Druffel
* 2017 - Kevin Trenberth
* 2018 - Isaac Held
* 2019 - Eugenia Kalnay
* 2020 - Claire Parkinson
* 2021 - Clara Deser
# George Clark (Queensland politician)

George John Edwin Clark (19 March 1834 – 6 February 1907) was an Australian farmer and politician.

## Early life

Born in Van Diemen's Land, he was educated in England at Camberwell Collegiate School.

## Pastoral life

In 1865 he settled in the Darling Downs in Queensland, where his older brother Charles had been living since 1861. In 1868 the brothers bought the Old Talgai sheep farming station, where George proved to be a very successful breeder of sheep.
In 1868, George Clark commissioned architect Richard George Suter to construct a grand homestead. Talgai Homestead is now listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.

## Political life

He served as in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1867 to 1868 as the Member (MLA) for Warwick. The seat was later held from 1871 to 1873 by his brother Charles.

## Later life

Clark died in 1907 and was buried in Allora Cemetery.
# Krukira

Krukira is a Miskito Indian fishing community in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region of Nicaragua.

## Hurricane Felix

The area had extensive damage from Hurricane Felix in 2007, and the village was in the path of the eye of the hurricane. According to official information, at least 9,000 houses were destroyed, leaving many of the 40,000 people in the area homeless. Most of those affected lived in Krukira and Bilwi (Puerto Cabezas). The government declared a "State of Disaster" in the area, which suffered a total lack of supplies and services as a result of the storm.

## Gallery

* Fallen trees after hurricane Felix in Krukira, October 2008
# Arlit Department

Arlit is a department of the Agadez Region in Niger. Its capital lies at the city of Arlit. As of 2012, the department had a total population of 105,025 people.

## Communes

It is divided administratively into the following communes:
* Arlit (79,725 inhabitants)
* Dannet (14,964 inhabitants)
* Gougaram (10,336 inhabitants)
# Herrerita

Herrerita is the name of:
* Herrerita (footballer, born 1914), Spanish footballer
* Herrerita (footballer, born 1939), Spanish footballer
# Jethi Bahurani

Jethi Bahurani is mountain in the Himalayas of Nepal. Located in Darchula District, it has a summit elevation of 6,850 meters above sea level.
# Branwalator

Branwalator or Breward, also referred to as Branwalader, was a British saint whose relics lay at Milton Abbas in Dorset and Branscombe in Devon. Believed to come from Brittany, he also gives his name to the parish of Saint Brélade, Jersey. "Brelade" is a corruption of "Branwalader". He is also known as Breward or Branuvelladurus or Brélade and Broladre in French.

## Life

Branwalator was a British monk, who is said to have been a bishop in Jersey, although at the time, Jersey would have been part of the ancient diocese of Dol. As with many of the early saints of this part of the world, it is difficult to separate fact from fiction.
However, it is believed that Branwalator worked with Saint Samson in Cornwall and the Channel Islands, where he is remembered in Jersey in the parish name St Brelade and at Cornwall in the parish name of St Breward. He may also have travelled with Samson to Brittany in northern France.
In the Exeter martyrology, Branwalator is described as the son of the Cornish king, Kenen. This is the main source of hagiographical information regarding this saint, which otherwise is sparse.

## Veneration

Branwalator's feast day (in Jersey) is 6 June. In Cornwall he has feast days on 9 February and 6 June; 19 January maybe the day of the translation of his relics. In the Middle Ages, his feast was kept at Winchester, Exeter, and in Cornwall.
King Athelstan, who founded Milton Abbey in Dorset, obtained some of the saint's relics (an arm or head) from Breton clerics fleeing Northmen and moved them to Milton Abbey in 935. William Worcestre claimed that the body itself was at Branston (or Branscombe) in Devon, and Leland referred to a chapel of Saint Breward near Seaton. The proper name of Milton Abbey is the Abbey Church of St. Mary, St. Samson and St. Branwalader.
The cultus of Saint Branwalator has been strong at least from the 10th-century when his name could be found in litanies. His feast was kept at Winchester, Exeter, and in Cornwall. In Brittany, he has sometimes been confused with Saint Brendan and Saint Brannock (Benedictines, Farmer).

## Churches and locations
### Jersey

The Parish Church of St Brelade in Jersey is thought to date from the 10th or 11th century.

### Cornwall

In Cornwall, the saint is known as St Breward. St Breward's church is the highest in Cornwall, located on Bodmin moor, in the village of the same name. The village had a Granite quarrying industry from ancient times; the Norman church was built from local stone. There are nearby stone circles. However, the village dates back to pre-Norman times when it was a series of small hamlets suspended along the western edge of Bodmin Moor.
There is also a St Breward's Well in Cornwall which is situated close to Camelford. It was visited by sufferers from inflamed eyes and other complaints, who would throw in a pin, or small coin, as an offering to the saint.

## Sources

* "St. Breward Marks the Millennium" by Pamela Bousfield (published in the Cornish Coracle)
* Doble, G. H. (1965) The Saints of Cornwall: part 4. Truro: Dean and Chapter; pp. 116–127
# Arthur Harris (High Sheriff of Essex)

Sir Arthur Harris (c. 1530–7 July 1597) of Creeksea Place in Essex, England, served as High Sheriff of Essex in 1589, a Justice of the Peace, and one of the Commissioners appointed in 1577 to enquire into piratical practices along the Essex coast.
He married Dorothy Waldegrave a daughter of Sir William Waldegrave of Smallbridge in Essex, by his wife Julia Reynsford. It has been established that Sir Arthur Harris lived at Creeksea, Woodham Mortimer, Cold Norton and in the City of London. Sir Arthur Harris built the surviving manor house Creeksea Place in Creeksea, Essex.
Sir Arthur Harris died 7 July 1597 and is buried at St. Mary's Church in Burnham-on-Crouch, Essex.

## Children of Sir Arthur Harris and Dorothy Waldegrave

* Sir William Harris
* Dorothy Harris – b. ca. 1561 in Essex, died 1626. Married Robert Kempe.
See also his nephew, by his brother William:
# Punar Kaya

Punar Kaya is an ancient site in Bulgaria, known as the Punar Kaya Tomb. The site is visited by many people on May 6 - St. George's day (Hıdrellez in Turkish).
The water is considered most potent before sunrise on Hadrilaz (also known as St. George's Day), leading some people to visit the site at this time in hopes of receiving a cure.
# Pops Harrison

Lawrence C. "Pops" Harrison (August 29, 1906 – August 19. 1967) was an American basketball coach and administrator. He was the head coach of the Iowa Hawkeyes from 1942 to 1950.
Harrison was born and raised in Iowa City, Iowa, and played basketball at the University of Iowa, graduating in 1928. Harrison spent a year as athletic director and head coach at Westminster College in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, before resigning in a surprise move at the end of a basketball season where he had led the Titans to a 13–1 record. He then moved to his alma mater as an assistant to head coach Rollie Williams.
In 1942 Williams was called to Navy service and Harrison was elevated to the head coach position. He would be the Hawkeyes' coach for eight seasons, compiling a record of 98–42. His 1944–45 team went 17–1 behind All-Americans Dick Ives and Herb Wilkinson and won the Big Ten Conference title. In the 1949–50 season, Harrison suffered kidney stones and missed several games in the season. At the close of the season, Harrison was fired from his post as the University cited a failure to perform his job duties.
Upon leaving the Hawkeyes, Harrison was named general manager of the professional Waterloo Hawks for their final season. After the Hawks folded, Harrison was hired in 1952 as head basketball coach and assistant football coach at Iowa Wesleyan, roles that he maintained for a school year. Harrison led the basketball Tigers to a 16–5 record for the 1952–53 season.
Harrison died on August 19, 1967, at age 60.
# Fontenotte

Fontenotte (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
# Kazuyuki Iwamoto

Kazuyuki Iwamoto (岩本 和行, Iwamoto Kazuyuki, born 15 November 1946) is a Japanese former swimmer. He competed in the men's 1500 metre freestyle at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Herreruela de Oropesa

Herreruela de Oropesa is a municipality located in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 445 inhabitants.
# Jimmy Journell

James Richard Journell (born December 29, 1977) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals in 2003 and 2005.

## Amateur career

Journell was born in Springfield, Ohio. He graduated from North High School and attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. In 1998, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Cotuit Kettleers of the Cape Cod Baseball League.

## Professional career

Journell was selected by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 4th round of the 1999 MLB Draft, and was selected for the US team in the 2002 All-Star Futures Game. He was once a highly regarded prospect in the Cardinals' minor league system (even considered the team's best prospect according to Baseball America), but had control and injury problems in the Major Leagues. After posting an earned run average (ERA) of 6.00 in seven games in 2003, Journell suffered a right shoulder injury in 2004, forcing him to undergo season-ending surgery. In 2005, his record was 0–1 with a 10.38 ERA in five appearances for the Cardinals.
On December 1, 2005, he signed a minor league contract with the Cincinnati Reds, but was later released on March 20, 2006. He spent the 2006 season with the Bridgeport Bluefish of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.
# Grace Kerns

Grace Miriam Kerns (August 27, 1879 – September 10, 1936) was an American soprano, called the "Nightingale of the Trenches" for her popularity during World War I. She made over a hundred recordings during the 1910s.

## Early life

Kerns was born in Norfolk, Virginia, and lived in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, a daughter in the large family of Andrew Jackson Kerns and Catharine Marinda Clark Kerns. Her father was a saw manufacturer. She studied voice with Emma Cecilia Thursby. She studied in Europe in the summer of 1913.

## Career

Kerns began her professional singing career as a church and oratorio soloist in New York City. She made over a hundred recordings during the 1910s, for Victor, Columbia, Okeh, Empire, and Edison labels. She recorded duets with other singers including Margaret Keyes, Reed Miller, John Barnes Wells, Nevada Van der Veer, and Henry Burr. She sometimes sang under other names, including Miriam Clark and Grace Nash.
During World War I, she went to France to entertain the troops, earning the nickname "Nightingale of the Trenches." After the war, she returned to church soloist work, and giving concerts. She also sang in radio broadcasts. In her later years she taught voice at Randolph-Macon Women's College in Virginia.

## Personal life

Kerns, her brother, and her nephew all died in a car accident near Williamsburg, Virginia in 1936.
# Ken Talton

Kenneth B. Talton (born June 25, 1956) is a former American football running back who played for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Cornell University, where he was a member of the Quill and Dagger society.
# Hautevesnes

Hautevesnes (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Gillain

Gillain is a surname and given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Cyriaque Gillain (1857–1931), Belgian army officer
* Henri Gillain (1913–1999), Belgian teacher and comics enthusiast
* Marie Gillain (born 1975), Belgian actress
* Gillain Berry (born 1988), Jamaican-Aruban model and beauty queen
# Nanomantini

Nanomantini is a tribe of Asian mantises in the new (2019) family Nanomantidae. There are about 6 genera and 10 described species in Nanomantini.

## Genera

These genera belong to the tribe Nanomantini:
* Nanomantis Saussure, 1871
* Parananomantis Mukherjee, 1995 (monotypic)
* Sceptuchus Hebard, 1920
# Geometric terms of location

Geometric terms of location describe directions or positions relative to the shape of an object. These terms are used in descriptions of engineering, physics, and other sciences, as well as ordinary day-to-day discourse.
Though these terms themselves may be somewhat ambiguous, they are usually used in a context in which their meaning is clear. For example, when referring to a drive shaft it is clear what is meant by axial or radial directions. Or, in a free body diagram, one may similarly infer a sense of orientation by the forces or other vectors represented.

## Examples

Common geometric terms of location are:
* Axial – along the center of a round body, or the axis of rotation of a body
* Radial – along a direction pointing along a radius from the center of an object, or perpendicular to a curved path.
* Circumferential (or azimuthal) – following around a curve or circumference of an object. For instance: the pattern of cells in Taylor–Couette flow varies along the azimuth of the experiment.
* Tangential – intersecting a curve at a point and parallel to the curve at that point.
* Collinear – in the same line
* Parallel – in the same direction.
* Transverse – intersecting at any angle, i.e. not parallel.
* Orthogonal (or perpendicular) – at a right angle (at the point of intersection).
* Elevation – along a curve from a point on the horizon to the zenith, directly overhead.
* Depression – along a curve from a point on the horizon to the nadir, directly below.
* Vertical – spanning the height of a body.
* Longitudinal – spanning the length of a body.
* Lateral – spanning the width of a body. The distinction between width and length may be unclear out of context.
* Adjacent – next to
* Lineal – following along a given path. The shape of the path is not necessarily straight (compare to linear). For instance, a length of rope might be measured in lineal meters or feet. See arc length.
* Projection / Projected - in architecture, facade sticking out; convex.
* Recession / Recessed - the action of receding; away from an observer; concave.
# Aşağıyabanlı, Ağın

Aşağıyabanlı is a village in the Ağın District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 27 (2021).
# Keck, Mahin & Cate

Keck, Mahin & Cate was a law firm based in Chicago, Illinois that was founded in 1886 and stopped operations in 1997.
The firm worked in general practice, banking and bankruptcy law, corporate finances, mergers and acquisitions, and the like. By 1985, it employed 95 lawyers.
The firm had branches in nine other cities, including San Francisco, Houston, New York, and Washington, D.C. In the early 1990s, former Democratic vice-presidential nominee Geraldine Ferraro was a managing partner of its New York office. During the 1980s, Victoria Reggie worked at and became a partner in its Washington office. Former Governor of Texas Mark White worked in its Houston location after he left office in 1987.
By the mid-1990s, Keck, Mahin & Cate had grown rapidly to have some 350 lawyers and faced financial difficulties. In 1994, it was found guilty of having conspired to defraud investors in a Texas jail construction project and was liable for a share of a $36 million judgment. By early 1996, the firm faced being cut off from a $10 million line of credit from its chief lender, Northern Trust Company.
By summer 1997, the firm had lost more than 90 attorneys in four years, and key defections to Chicago rival Rudnick & Wolfe and Chapman and Cutler LLP occurred. The firm considered halting its operations, and vacated its Chicago Loop offices on Wacker Drive.
Keck, Mahin & Cate effectively ended later in 1997, as in December 1997 several creditors filed an involuntary Chapter 7 bankruptcy action against it. By the end of the month, this was converted to a Chapter 11 bankruptcy. It remained there for a number of years. In 2002, the bankruptcy court ruled that some former partners could not escape liability for the firm's debts. That year Bracewell & Patterson successfully defended Keck remnants against a legal malpractice claim dating back to 1992.
# Herman Hall

Herman Hall (June 6, 1864 – September 6, 1928) was a United States Army officer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He served in several conflicts, including World War I.

## Biography

Hall was born on June 6, 1864, in Carthage, Illinois. He entered the United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point, New York in July 1883 and from where he graduated in June 1887.
Hall was commissioned into the 4th Infantry Regiment. After doing frontier duty, he went to Cuba because of the Spanish–American War, serving in the Sanitary Corps. Afterward, Hall went to the Philippines because of the Philippine–American War, and he received a Silver Star while there. He served as the chief of the Philippine Constabulary from 1915 to 1917.
Hall was promoted to the rank of brigadier general on August 5, 1917. He served as the temporary commander of the 80th Division from August 27 to September 9, 1917, and he commanded several infantry brigades in France. He also served in Germany. From 1919 to 1920, he commanded the 19th Infantry Regiment.
Hall retired on October 23, 1923, at his permanent rank of colonel. Living in Santa Barbara, California, Hall died on September 6, 1928. Congress restored his brigadier general rank in June 1930.

## Personal life

Hall married Anna Grace Jack on October 18, 1893.