OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul de Wailly

Paul Louis Auguste Warnier de Wailly (May 16, 1854 – June 18, 1933) was a French composer.

## Life

Paul de Wailly grew up in Château de Bagatelle in Abbeville. He lost his father, a naval officer, when he was seven. He started composing at the age of 17 and became a student of César Franck at the Paris Conservatoire. In 1900, he married Marthe de Maricourt (1870-1918).
At the beginning of the 20th century, de Wailly held regular concerts at Château de Bagatelle. During the First World War, he took over the administration of the Abbeville Hospital. In 1921, along with Albert Laurent (1885-1978), he founded the "Society of Friends of Music" in Abbeville to present lectures and organize concerts.
De Wailly created orchestral works (including several symphonies), chamber music (including a piano quintet in F minor, op. 15 from 1895), organ works, and vocal compositions. The majority of his compositions display characteristics of the late romantic tradition of César Franck. Firmly devoted to absolute music in the classical style, he opposed contemporary trends at the beginning of the 20th century. However, he still maintained friendships with modern composers, including Erik Satie, who he supported for a time.
Most of de Wailly's works were composed between 1870-1900 and published in Paris between 1892 and 1930. However, on the eve of the World War I, his oratorio, L'Apôtre (The Apostle), was performed at the Théâtre des Champs-Elysees on December 19, 23 and 28, 1924, but public reception was lukewarm. With the exception of performances at the Société Nationale de Musique (National Music Society), de Wailly's music did not achieve great success outside appreciation outside a small circle of friends. However, he received a favorable review stating that he was "heavily applauded" at a performance of two chansons with orchestra in 1911.
Additionally, the Aubade for flute, oboe, and clarinet was given a positive reception when it was premiered by the Société moderne d'instruments à vent in Paris on March 7, 1902, with noted flutist Georges Barrère.
De Wailly died in 1933.

## Selected works
### Instrumental

* Cello Sonata in D major (ca. 1879)
* Chanson (1878), possibly including Toujours, Chanson, and Li-taï-pé.
* Serenade for Flute and Strings, Op.25 (ca. 1887)
* Piano Quintet in F minor, op. 15 (1895)
* Aubade (1901, published 1906), for flute, oboe, and clarinet
* 6 Pieces for Two Violins and Cello (ca. 1919)
* Wind Octet in E-flat major, Op. 22 (ca.1929) for flute, oboe, 2 clarinets, trumpet in C, horn, 2 bassoons
* Sous un balcon, serenade for chamber orchestra

### For voice

* Trois mélodies pour une voix avec accompagnement de piano, Op. 5 (1878)
* Toujours
* Chanson
* Li-taï-pé
* Deux mélodies avec orchestre
* Au Vaisseau
* Sous un berceau de clématite

### For solo piano

* Prélude
* Tribute
* Mazurka
* Au bord de la mer
* Vieux souvenirs
* Capriceio
* In Hongrie (I et II)
* Incertitude

### Other works

* L'Apôtre (The Apostle), (1924)
* Hilas, idylle antique, parole de Jean Lorrain
* Cantiques et chants divers en l'honneur de Saint Gilles (1896)
# Henry Boyle Bernard

The Honourable Henry Boyle Bernard (6 February 1812 – 14 March 1895) was an Irish Conservative Party politician from County Cork who sat in the House of Commons from 1863 to 1868.
Bernard was the third son of James Bernard, 2nd Earl of Bandon (1785–1856) and his wife Mary Susan Albinia Brodrick.
Bernard was elected at a by-election in February 1863 as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bandon, filling the vacancy caused by the death of his uncle William Smyth Bernard (a son of the 1st Earl of Bandon).
He was re-elected in 1865, but at the 1868 general election he was defeated by the Liberal candidate William Shaw.
# Sara Cahier

Sara Charles-Cahier or Madame Charles Cahier (born Sara Layton Walker; 8 January 1870 – 15 April 1951) was an American-born Swedish mezzo-soprano or contralto singer in opera and lieder, singing primarily in Europe. The American-born Cahier later acquired Swedish citizenship. She was associated with Gustav Mahler, and was one of the soloists in the posthumous premiere of his Das Lied von der Erde in 1911. She sang at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, and was a teacher at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. Her students included Marian Anderson.

## Career

She was born as Sara Layton Walker in Nashville, Tennessee. She studied in Indianapolis and in Paris under Jean de Reszke, and in 1904 she made her debut as the character Orpheus in Orpheus and Eurydice in Nice. Other teachers included Gustav Walter, Victor Capoul and Amalie Joachim.
Her second husband was Swedish impresario Charles Cahier, in 1905. After this, she was generally billed as "Madame Charles Cahier", or "Sara Charles-Cahier".
She was active in Vienna, joining the Hofoper in 1907, and Munich, often singing under Gustav Mahler's directorship in roles such as Amneris, Carmen, Delilah, Fidès, Ortrud, and Santuzza.
Cahier and fellow American William Miller, a tenor, were chosen by Bruno Walter to premiere Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde in Munich posthumously in November 1911. She also sang in the New York premiere of the work in 1922, with tenor Orville Harrold, under conductor Artur Bodanzky.
She sang in France, Italy, England and Germany. Other noted conductors under whom she sang included Edvard Grieg and Richard Strauss.
She sang at the Metropolitan Opera in New York from 1912 to 1914, making her debut there as Azucena in Il trovatore. Other appearances there included Fricka in Die Walküre, alongside Olive Fremstad and Margaret Matzenauer.
She enjoyed great success in Stockholm from 1915 to 1917, during which time she acquired Swedish citizenship. After retirement, she became a teacher and vocal coach, at the Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia. Her students, there and elsewhere, included Marian Anderson, Göta Ljungberg and Rosette Anday. It was on her advice that Lauritz Melchior changed from baritone to heldentenor.
Sara Cahier died in Manhattan Beach, California, in April 1951, aged 81.

## Recordings

Her recordings were few, but include:
* "Urlicht", from Mahler's Symphony No. 2 "Resurrection" and "Ich bin der Welt abhanden gekommen", from his Rückert-Lieder
* Excerpts from Carmen
# Index cohesive force

The index cohesive force (ICF) concept has been introduced by Dror Y. Kenett and his Ph.D. supervisor Eshel Ben-Jacob, as a new quantitative measure of the index effect on financial markets. The ICF is formally defined as the balance (ratio) between the raw stock correlations that include the index effect and the residual stock correlations (or partial correlations) after subtraction of the index effect. Defined this way, the ICF provides a means to identify structural changes in the market, which can render it prone to systemic collapses: High values of the ICF characterize a state in which the index predominantly affects the market dynamics while it shades the effect of other degrees of freedom that can contribute to the market flexibility. Thus high values of the ICF correspond to a state in which the market index dominates the behavior of the market, thus making it stiff and hence during such state the market is highly prone to systematic collapses, even due to relatively small external perturbations, leaving it incapable of coping with crises.

## Application

Recently, the ICF was employed to investigate the time dynamics of the S&P500 during the last decade. The analysis revealed a fast dramatic transition at the end of 2001, from a healthy market characterized by relatively strong residual correlations into an abnormal market behavior signified by very strong correlations together with vanishing residual correlations. This situation, of strong index cohesive force (high ratio between the correlations and residual correlations), is a signature of an over dominance of the index. Such dominance renders the market stiff and prone to systemic collapses. Closer inspection revealed that the anomalously strong index effect is due to the excessive dominance of the financial sector. This dominance and the consequent market stiffness during this period are manifested in the emergence of market "seizure" behavior – bursts of very high stock correlations that usually coincide with local minima in the index and high volatility.
It is proposed that the dangerous excessive dominance of the financial sector might have been a direct consequence of the US hasty and drastic interest rate cuts and other remedies used in 2001 to overcome the fallout effect of the "dot com" bubble collapse. The abnormal dominance of the financial sector rendered the market prone to a systemic collapse. Hence, eventually, those remedies led to the recent market collapse upon the burst of the subprime bubble and the fall of the Lehman Brothers Bank.
"Accepting this picture", says Ben-Jacob, who also conducts research in human epilepsy, "we realize that while the current US policy makers talk about change, in practice they rely on cosmetic changes and avoid the major and painful surgery needed to cure the market."
Thus, the ICF is a new quantitative measure to assess the stability and well-being of financial markets. It can also be used to compare different markets, and study the coupling between different international markets.
# Scopula subtilata

Scopula subtilata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in southern Russia and Ukraine.
# Muroc Maru

Muroc Maru, officially AAF Temporary Building (Target) T-799, was a replica of a Japanese Takao-class cruiser constructed on the floor of Rogers Dry Lake in southern California during World War II. Used to train bomber pilots and bombardiers in techniques for attacking warships, Muroc Maru remained in place until 1950, when it was demolished.

## Construction

AAF Temporary Building (Target) T-799 was built during 1943 on the southern end of Rogers Dry Lake in California for the purpose of training United States Army Air Forces bomber pilots, navigators and bombardiers in bombing, strafing, and the identification of warships, including skip bombing techniques. The lakebed site was chosen for the training site as its flat base resembled the ocean, reinforced by the bright sand dunes sculpted to give the appearance of a wake around the 'ship'.
Designed to mimic the size and appearance of a Takao-class heavy cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy, the structure was constructed from four-by-four lumber and chicken wire, with tar paper covering the "hull" to complete the illusion of a solid, fully constructed ship. The structure cost $35,819.18 to build ($667,940 in 2023 dollars).

## Operational history

Upon completion of the structure, Army Air Force pilots assigned to train at the nearby Muroc Army Air Field – now Edwards Air Force Base – using the "ship" gave it the nickname Muroc Maru, after the location of the vessel and "Maru" being a common suffix for Japanese ship names. The structure was used for training until 1950, when it was declared a hazard to air navigation and disassembled following clearance of unexploded ordnance.
# Mwanzo

Mwanzo is the debut album by Sauti Sol, a Kenyan afro-pop band. It was released on August 4, 2009 by Penya Records.

## Singles

* "Lazizi" was released as the album's lead single. The song became popular among the band's fans, with other musicians performing their own cover versions of it. The song is about an ordinary man's plea to get a lady's number, so he can at least plan to take her out on a date, and earned the band thousands of fans across East Africa.
* "Blue Uniform" was released as the album's second single. It depicts police harassment towards the youth in Kenya. The band's singers Bien-Aimé Baraza, Willis Austin Chimano and Delvin Mudigi divide their verses into three personas: an innocent arrested youth, a bad police officer and another who explains why police officers sometimes get into corruption, with the story ending with the policeman releasing the youth with a stern warning.
* "Sunny Days" and "Nairobi" were released as the album's third and fourth singles, respectively. Featuring soul singer Stan, "Nairobi" is a tribute to Nairobi's beauty, sunshine, people, history, arts and culture.

## Track listing

Track listing for Mwanzo adapted from Amazon.com and Sauti Sol's official website.
# Keban District

Keban District is a district of Elazığ Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town Keban. Its area is 641 km$^2$, and its population is 6,210 (2021).

## Demographics

In 1927, 79.6% of the population spoke Turkish as their first language, while the remaining 20.4% spoke Kurdish. Only Muslims resided in the district that year. In 1968, Kurdish-speakers rose to 39%.

## Composition

There is 1 municipality in Keban District:
* Keban
There are 30 villages in Keban District:
* Akçatepe
* Akgömlek
* Altınkürek
* Altıyaka
* Aşağıçakmak
* Aslankaşı
* Bademli
* Bahçeli
* Bayındır
* Beydeğirmeni
* Bölükçalı
* Büklümlü
* Çalık
* Çevrekaya
* Denizli
* Dürümlü
* Gökbelen
* Göldere
* Güneytepe
* Kopuzlu
* Koyunuşağı
* Kurşunkaya
* Kuşçu
* Nimri
* Örenyaka
* Sağdıçlar
* Taşkesen
* Topkıran
* Üçpınar
* Ulupınar
# Peter Beale (disambiguation)

Peter Beale is a character from EastEnders from 1993 onwards.
Peter Beale may also refer to:
* Pete Beale, character from EastEnders from 1985 to 1993
* Peter Beale (British Army officer) (born 1934), Surgeon General of the British Armed Forces, 1991–1994
# Omostropus

Omostropus is a genus in the ground beetle family Carabidae. There are about eight described species in Omostropus, found in Africa.

## Species

These eight species belong to the genus Omostropus:
* Omostropus australis Basilewsky, 1946 (South Africa)
* Omostropus cratognathoides (Chaudoir, 1876) (Kenya)
* Omostropus kilimanus Basilewsky, 1946 (Kenya, Tanzania)
* Omostropus mandibularis (Roth, 1851) (Africa)
* Omostropus minor Basilewsky, 1948 (Namibia, South Africa)
* Omostropus similis Péringuey, 1896 (Botswana)
* Omostropus tersulus Péringuey, 1896 (Zimbabwe, South Africa)
* Omostropus vicarius Péringuey, 1896 (Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa)
# Pavol Molnár

Pavol Molnár (13 February 1936 – 6 November 2021) was a Slovak footballer who played as a forward. He played for Czechoslovakia national team in 20 matches and scored three goals.
He was a participant at the 1958 FIFA World Cup, where he played in three matches. Also participant at 1960 European Nations' Cup, where his team won the bronze medal and at the 1962 FIFA World Cup, where his team won the silver medal.
Molnár played for SK Slovan Bratislava and later CH Bratislava.
# Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador

The Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador (Spanish: Banco Central de El Salvador) is the central bank of El Salvador, which controls the currency rate and regulates certain economic activities within El Salvador. The bank was originally privately owned, but was brought under state control through The Law on the Reorganization of Central Banking.
It was in charge of issuing Salvadoran colón coins and banknotes until the Monetary Integration Law of 2000 started the process of dollarizing the Salvadoran economy. In 2001, it stopped issuing new colón currency and no longer maintains a monetary policy of its own.
The bank is active in developing financial inclusion policy and is a member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. In 2013, the bank made a joint Maya Declaration Commitment with the Superintendencia del Sistema Financiero of El Salvador to carry out a series of concrete and measurable actions.

## Presidents

* Luis Alfaro Durán, 1934–1954
* Carlos J. Canessa, 1954–1961
* Manuel López Harrison, 1961
* Francisco Aquino, 1961–1966
* Guillermo Hidalgo Qüehl, 1966–1967
* Abelardo Torres, 1967
* Alfonso Moisés Beatriz, 1967–1971
* Edgardo Suárez Contreras, 1971–1975
* Guillermo Hidalgo Qüehl, 1975–1977
* Víctor Hugo Hurtarte, 1978–1979
* Pedro Abelardo Delgado, 1980–1981
* Alberto Benítez Bonilla, 1981–1987
* Maurice Choussy Rusconi, 1987–1988
* Mauricio Antonio Gallardo, 1988–1989
* Roberto Orellana Milla, 1989–1998
* Gino Rolando Bettaglio, 1998–1999
* Rafael Barraza, 1999–2002
* Luz María de Portillo, 2002–2009
* Carlos Gerardo Acevedo, 2009–2013
* Marta Evelyn de Rivera, 2013–2014
* Oscar Cabrera Melgar, 2014–2019
* Carlos Federico Paredes, 2019
* Nicolás Alfredo Martínez, 2019–2020
* Douglas Rodríguez Fuentes, 2020–
# Sasiny

Sasiny may refer to the following places:
* Sasiny, Gmina Boćki in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Sasiny, Gmina Wyszki in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Sasiny, Zambrów County in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
* Sasiny, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
# Scopula subtracta

Scopula subtracta is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in India.
# Murche

Murche is an abandoned village in the Ahal Region of Turkmenistan. The site is famed for the Mausoleum of Zengi Baba.

## History

Upon construction of the Karakum Canal to its north in the 1960s, inhabitants of Murche settled at a new site closer to the canal. Murche was left to ruins and crumbling mud-walls and doorways are all that survives.
Turkmen archaeologists have rebuilt a mud-tower and fireplace in traditional style — imparting feels of antiquity.

## Mausoleum of Zengi Baba

The most preeminent shrine of Zangi Baba, this mausoleum dates either from the 13th-14th centuries, when bricks taken from earlier establishments were put to reuse, or the 10th-11th centuries and then reconstructed a few centuries later.
It is a square building with an over-span dome — transition between walls and dome is marked with four niche-separated squinches. The cenotaph is tiled with different geometric patterns. Outside the mausoleum, a large collection of ovoid objects (prob. cannon balls; ascribed to be dinosaur eggs in local tradition) and stones of peculiar appearance (esp. ammolites) are preserved and imparted with sacred functions.
# Mwape

Mwape may refer to:

## As surname

* Davies Mwape, Zambian footballer
* Emmanuel Mwape, Zambian footballer
* Kenny Mwape, Zambian footballer
* Lupando Mwape, Zambian politician

## As given name

* Mwape Mialo, Congolese footballer
* Mwape Miti, Zambian footballer
# Kavalan

Kavalan may refer to:
* Kavalan people, an indigenous people of Taiwan
* Kavalan language, formerly spoken by the Kavalan people
* Kavalan distillery, a whisky distillery in Taiwan
# Percy Knight (trade unionist)

Percy Knight OBE (1891 – January 1969) was a Welsh trade unionist and political activist.
Born near Newport, South Wales, Knight was educated at the Crindau School. As a youth, he jumped on board the Antiope ship as it was leaving port, heading to Naples, and thereby found work as a seaman. During World War I, he served with the 10th Cruiser Squadron, and was involved in rescue work following the Halifax Explosion.
Knight joined the National Union of Seamen (NUS), and in 1917 worked with its leader, Havelock Wilson, in setting up the National Maritime Board. He worked full-time for the union from 1923, and in 1943, he became the union's district secretary for Merseyside, then in 1944 was appointed as the union's National Organiser, moving to London. He was elected to the Labour Party's National Executive Committee (NEC) in 1945, and stood unsuccessfully for the party in Portsmouth Langstone at the 1950 general election.
Knight was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1952, and in 1954 served as vice-chair of the Labour Party. He was expected to become the party's chair for 1955/56, but he refused the position, instead taking up work as Assistant General Secretary of the NUS. He retired at the end of 1955.
# Omosita nearctica

Omosita nearctica is a species of sap-feeding beetle in the family Nitidulidae.
# Football at the 2015 Island Games – Men's tournament

The 2015 Island Games in Jersey was the fourteenth edition in which a football tournament was played at the multi-games competition.

## Participants

* Åland
* Alderney
* Falkland Islands
* Gibraltar (development squad)
* Gotland
* Greenland
* Guernsey
* Hitra
* Isle of Man
* Isle of Wight
* Jersey
* Menorca
* Saare County
* Shetland
* Western Isles
* Ynys Môn

## Group Phase
### Group A

| Rank | Nation | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Menorca | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 7 |
| 2 | Greenland | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| 3 | Åland | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 6 | –3 | 3 |
| 4 | Saare County | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 7 | –5 | 0 |

### Group B

| Rank | Nation | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Guernsey | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 | 10 | 9 |
| 2 | Ynys Môn | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 | –2 | 4 |
| 3 | Gibraltar | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | –3 | 4 |
| 4 | Gotland | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 8 | –5 | 0 |

### Group C

| Rank | Nation | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Shetland | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 7 |
| 2 | Isle of Wight | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 7 |
| 3 | Falkland Islands | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 9 | –7 | 3 |
| 4 | Hitra | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 9 | –6 | 0 |

### Group D

| Rank | Nation | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Isle of Man | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 1 | 17 | 9 |
| 2 | Jersey | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 6 |
| 3 | Western Isles | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 14 | –11 | 3 |
| 4 | Alderney | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 16 | –14 | 0 |

## Final stage
### Bracket

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| 2 July – (St. Helier) | 2 July – (St. Helier) |
| Menorca | 1 |
| Menorca | 1 | 3 July – (St. Helier) | 3 July – (St. Helier) |
| Guernsey | 2 | 3 July – (St. Helier) | 3 July – (St. Helier) |
| Guernsey | 2 | Guernsey | 3 |
| 2 July – (St. Helier) | 2 July – (St. Helier) | | Guernsey | 3 |
| 2 July – (St. Helier) | 2 July – (St. Helier) | Isle of Man | 0 |
| Shetland | 1 | Isle of Man | 0 |
| Isle of Man | 3 | | |
| Isle of Man | 3 | Third place | Third place |
| | | 3 July – (St. Peter) | 3 July – (St. Peter) |
| | | Menorca | 1 |
| | | Shetland | 0 |

#### Final

* 2015 Island Games Winners
* Guernsey Third Title

## Final rankings

| Rank | Team |
| | Guernsey |
| | Isle of Man |
| | Menorca |
| 4 | Shetland |
| 5 | Greenland |
| 6 | Isle of Wight |
| 7 | Jersey |
| 8 | Ynys Môn |
| 9 | Åland |
| 10 | Gibraltar |
| 11 | Western Isles |
| 12 | Falkland Islands |
| 13 | Saare County |
| 14 | Gotland |
| 15 | Hitra |
| 16 | Alderney |
# Cedar Pond (New Jersey)

Cedar Pond is a reservoir in West Milford, New Jersey.
# Saskatchewan Highway 965

Highway 965 is a provincial highway in the north-west region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 903 to Highway 155. It is about 44 kilometres (27 mi) long.
Highway 965 also intersects the Cole Bay Access Road and the Canoe Narrows Access Road. It passes through the Canoe Lake Cree First Nation as well as the town of Jans Bay.
Highway 965 was originally designated as Highway 101, but was renumbered in the early 1980s as part of the establishment of the 900-series highways.
# Serinyol

Serinyol is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Antakya, Hatay Province, Turkey. Its population is 15,804 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).

## Geography

Serinyol is situated to the east of Nur Mountains which lie between the Mediterranean Sea and Amik Valley on Turkish state highway D.825. It is 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Antakya. Mustafa Kemal University, the state university of Hatay Province is situated 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of Serinyol.

## History

The settlement was founded in the 19th century by Circassian refugees from Russia. Between 1920 and 1938 it was a part of Mandatory Syria. On 7 September it became a part of "Hatay Republic" and on 7 July 1939 Hatay Republic was annexed to Turkey.

## Economy

Olive, cotton, citrus and vegetables consist the agricultural wealth of Serinyol. There are also some light agriculture based industries in Serinyol.
# Scopula succrassula

Scopula succrassula is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found on the Philippines (Mindanao, Palawan) and Borneo.