OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Menya language

Menya (Menyama, Menye) is an Angan language of Papua New Guinea.

## Classification

Menya is classified as an Angan language. Its closest relatives in terms of shared vocabulary are Kapau and Yagwoia at 69-75% and 50-58% respectively. As the Menya-speaking area is bordered on all sides by speakers of other Angan languages, much of the Menya grammar and vocabulary has remained intact and is consistent with other Angan languages. Most ethnographic evidence suggest that the Menya-speaking people do not think of themselves as culturally distinct from their neighbors, as they have no words for Menya identity and people.

## Status

Menya is used by the community by all age groups, although there is a growing bilingualism and use of Tok Pisin, and to a lesser extent, English. The Menya language is now being shaped by this bilingualism as shifts in vocabulary and grammar have become apparent. Nonetheless unlike other areas of New Guinea language attitudes towards Menya remain positive and the language is not endangered.

## Phonology
### Consonants

Consonant phonemes :
| | | Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | | |
| Plosive | plain | p | t̪ | t͡ʃ | k | q | |
| Plosive | pre-nasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd̪ | ᶮd͡ʑ | ᵑɡ | ᶰɢ | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | | | | | h |
| Approximant | Approximant | | | j | w | | |

### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | | ɑ | ɑ |
# FISCO

FISCO (Financial Blockchain Shenzhen Consortium) is a Chinese trade association dedicated to exploring and setting standards in the use of blockchains for financial applications. It is led by 20 leading member Chinese financial institutions and financial technology companies. It was established on May 31, 2016.
As of 2017, it had around 80 members in the consortium from financial and fintech industry. The FISCO website was launched on Nov 17, 2016.

## History

In June 2016 FISCO was established. In August 2016 FISCO launched a reconciliation platform utilizing blockchain technology. In December 2017 the FISCO open source working group was formed and FISCO BCOS was launched.
In February 2018 FISCO launched a digital escrow application for Guangzhou Arbitration Commission. In March 2018 FISCO reached more than 90 members.

## Governance

The General Assembly is the Consortium's highest authority. The standing committee, or the Presidium, is accountable to the General Assembly. It leads the Consortium and conducts day-to-day work while the General Assembly is not in session. The Technical Committee is the subsidiary body of the Presidium, and is in charge of technology issues. The Technology Standardization Work Committee is in charge of project approval, drafting standards, standards examination, approval and publication. The Advisory Committee is in charge of organizing external experts to participate in the research and discussion of technology and standards.

## Projects

FISCO has established research projects in areas including credit, equity, loyalty points system, insurance, commercial bills, cloud service, digital assets, and wealth management issuance and trading. Some projects have launched prototypes. FISCO published its propositions for financial distributed ledger in Nov 2016. For the development of distributed ledgers, the paper proposed five principles: legal compliance, traceability, security, privacy protection and business driven; and seven propositions: value alliance, autonomy and controllability, security and reliability, high efficiency and availability, business feasibility, flexibility, portability and Regtech ready.

## Members

Among the members are:
* Shenzhen Fin-Tech Association
* WeBank
* Shenzhen Securities Communication Co. Ltd (SSCC)
* Tencent
* Beyondsoft
* Huawei
* Digital China
* Forms Syntront
* Yuexiu FinTech

## Product

FISCO BCOS (Be Credible, Open & Secure) is an enterprise-grade permissioned blockchain system, which was launched by FISCO open-source working group in 2017. FISCO BCOS includes features customized for the financial industry. In December 2017, it was published as an open source blockchain platform. In 2018, FISCO BCOS was brought into practical use as application for use in the area of reconciliation and digital escrow. FISCO BCOS is based on a customized Ethereum.
# Hrubý

Hrubý (feminine Hrubá) is a Czech and Slovak surname, meaning crude, rough, gross or (in the old Czech) big. The last meaning is how the surname was formed. People with this surname include:
* Anna Hruby, Australian actress
* Berta Hrubá, Czech field hockey player
* Aubrey Hruby, American investor
* Jan Hrubý, Czech rock violinist
* Jill Hruby, American engineer
* Joy Hruby, Australian actress, producer, film-maker, author and agent
* Ladislav Hrubý, Czech cross-country skier
* Michaela Hrubá, Czech high jumper
* Robert Hrubý, Czech footballer
* Rudolf Hrubý (1954-2023), Slovak businessman
* Tomáš Hrubý, Czech cyclist
* Vincenz Hruby, Czech chess master
* Vlastimil Hrubý, Czech footballer
The word and its derivatives are also contained in many names of places in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
* Hrubá Skála, a village in Semily district
* Hrubá Vrbka, a village in Hodonín district
* Hrubčice, a village in Prostějov district
* Hrubý Jeseník (Nymburk District), a village in Nymburk district
* Hrubý Jeseník, mountains on the border between Moravia and Silesia
* Hrubý Rohozec, a castle in Semily district
* Hrubý Šúr, a village in Senec district
# Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen

The Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen can refer to 4 successive Danish cabinets formed by Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen:
* The Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen I (25 January 1993 - 27 September 1994)
* The Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen II (27 September 1994 - 30 December 1996)
* The Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen III (30 December 1996 - 23 March 1998)
* The Cabinet of Poul Nyrup Rasmussen IV (23 March 1998 - 27 November 2001)
# Hong Kong Defence Force (Imperial Japanese Army)

The Hong Kong Defence Force was the main Imperial Japanese Army formation responsible for garrison duties during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong. It was formed in January 1942 and disbanded after the end of the war in August 1945.

## Structure and history

The Hong Kong Defence Force was established on 19 January 1942, following the Japanese victory during the Battle of Hong Kong in December 1941. The 38th Division, which had been the main Imperial Japanese Army unit responsible for capturing the British colony, departed the same month. The Hong Kong Defence Force reported to the Japanese Government of the Hong Kong Occupied Territory. The other Japanese military units stationed in Hong Kong from early 1942 were the small Hong Kong Artillery Force and the Imperial Japanese Navy's Hong Kong Base Force, which formed part of the 2nd China Expeditionary Fleet.
The Hong Kong Defence Force had a similar structure to the Imperial Japanese Army's Independent Mixed Brigades, which were also initially established to occupy Japanese-held territory. Its main elements were three infantry battalions, the 67th, 68th and 69th Independent Infantry Battalions. These battalions were supported by an artillery unit which comprised six anti-aircraft guns, a trench mortar battery and two field artillery batteries. The Hong Kong Defence Force also had a hospital. The authorised strength was 106 officers and 3,028 enlisted men. This structure remained unchanged until the force's disbandment following the end of the war.
The three infantry battalions were stationed at Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories. The battalions in Kowloon and the New Territories operated in urban areas, along the Kowloon-Canton Railway and at four posts. The size of the Hong Kong Defence Force proved too small, and a detachment of 250 soldiers from the Twenty-Third Army was also stationed in Hong Kong.
During the later stages of the war, the Japanese forces in Hong Kong constructed many fortifications along the territory. Some were concrete pillboxes that were built at key junctions and strategic points within population centres, whilst in the countryside, many tunnels were dug into the hillside to act as defensive positions. The Japanese decided that the area around Fei Ngo Shan and Tate’s Cairn was a key strategic location to defend, so they built dozens of tunnels in the location.
The Hong Kong Defence Force surrendered to the British along with the rest of the Japanese forces in Hong Kong on 16 September 1945 as part of the reoccupation of the colony.
# Jón Baldursson

Jón Baldursson (23 Desember 1954 - 9 September 2023) was an Icelandic bridge player. He won the Bermuda Bowl in 1991 in Japan. He remains the top masterpoint winner in Iceland. Jón is in the European Bridge Hall of fame in 2019.

## Bridge accomplishments
### Wins

* World Bridge Championships (3)
** Bermuda Bowl (1) 1991
** Generali World Masters Individual (1) 1994
** World Bridge Federation Mixed Teams (1) 1996
# Farewell (The Seekers album)

Farewell (subtitled The Golden Jubilee Australian Farewell Tour 2013) is a live album by Australian band The Seekers. The album, released on CD and DVD captures the historic concert filmed in The Seekers' hometown of Melbourne in 2013.

## Track listing

* "Come the Day"
* "I'll Never Find Another You"
* "A World of Our Own"
* "Love Is Kind, Love Is Wine"
* "The Water Is Wide"
* "When Will the Good Apples Fall"
* "The Olive Tree"
* "Silver Threads and Golden Needles"
* "Morningtown Ride"
* "Myra"
* "I Am Australian"
* "Someday One Day"
* "When the Stars Begin to Fall"
* "You're My Spirit"
* "Walk with Me"
* "Guardian Angel"
* "Louisiana Man"
* "Colours of My Life"
* "Red Rubber Ball"
* "Georgy Girl"
* "Keep a Dream in Your Pocket"
* "The Carnival Is Over"

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | 12 April 2019 | CD, DVD | Decca | 7747211 |
# Nebularia (lichen)

Nebularia is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. It comprises two species, both of which are found in the Andes.

## Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by the Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen in 2014. The name Nebularia is derived from the Latin word nebula, meaning 'fog' and the suffix -aris, meaning "belonging to". This reflects the habitat of the species, which typically grow in foggy or cloud forests (selvas nubladas).

## Description

Nebularia lichens have a brownish thallus, which is made up of small, scale-like structures called squamules. These squamules are up to 3 mm wide and feature thick, finger-like lobes that are about 0.25 mm wide. The upper surface, or cortex, of the thallus is well-developed and composed of tightly packed cells, reaching up to 70 μm thick. Beneath this cortex lies the medulla, a loosely structured layer around 150 μm thick, made of interwoven fungal filaments (hyphae). Embedded within the medulla are clusters of Nostoc—a type of cyanobacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with the fungus—each cluster containing cells 5–7 μm in diameter.
The apothecia (fruiting bodies) are up to 1.5 mm in diameter. They are reddish-brown, flat, and have a distinct, paler rim. These structures have a proper exciple, or outer layer, made of tightly packed fungal cells (paraplectenchymatous) and can be up to 80 μm wide. The tissue layer just below the spore-producing area, the subhymenium, is poorly defined, colourless, and contains loosely arranged fungal filaments, with some photobiont (algal) cells penetrating from below. The hymenium—the layer where spores are produced—is up to 150 μm thick and turns deep blue when stained with iodine.
The asci, or spore sacs, are cylindrical and contain eight spores each. These spores are colourless, have a slightly wrinkled surface (rugulose}), and range from roughly spherical (globose) to oval (ellipsoid), without internal divisions (non-septate). No asexual reproductive structures (pycnidia) have been observed to occur in Nebularia, and chemical analysis has revealed no distinctive lichen substances.
# Highgate (disambiguation)

Highgate is a suburban area of north London, spanning the boroughs of Haringey, Camden and Islington.
Highgate or High Gate may also refer to:

## Australia

* Highgate, South Australia, a suburb of Adelaide
* Highgate, Western Australia, a suburb in Perth
* Highgate Hill, Queensland, a suburb in Brisbane

## Jamaica

* Highgate, Jamaica, a market town

## South Africa

* Highgate Village, a village (section) of Dainfern, Johannesburg

## United Kingdom

* Highgate (Camden ward), London
* Highgate (Haringey ward), London
* Highgate, Birmingham, an area to the south of Birmingham city centre, England
* Highgate, Hawkhurst, Kent, England
* Highgate, South Yorkshire, a local name for an area to the west of Goldthorpe, near Barnsley
* Highgate tube station, a London Underground station on the Northern Line, in Haringey
* Highgate, Walsall, situated 10 miles north of Birmingham, England

## United States

* High Gate, Missouri
* Highgate, Vermont
* High Gate, a historic house in West Virginia
# McCormick Correctional Institution

McCormick Correctional Institution is a state prison for men located in McCormick, McCormick County, South Carolina, owned and operated by the South Carolina Department of Corrections.
The facility was opened in 1987, and houses 1124 inmates at maximum security.

## Notable inmates

* Stephen Ross Kelly - Murdered 18-year old Briana Rabon on February 25, 2014. Sentenced to 50 years without parole. The story was profiled on On the Case with Paula Zahn.
* Alex Murdaugh - Murdered his wife and son in 2021. Convicted in 2023.
# PDP London

Studio PDP, formerly known as Paul Davis + Partners or PDP London, is an architectural practice based in the UK. Founded in 1994, Chairman Paul Davis retired from the practice as chairman in 2013, with the other 10 partners continuing to lead. Its head office is at Eccleston Yards, London; in recent years, it has expanded, opening an office in Hong Kong in 2011 and offices in Bath and Madrid in 2018.
It has been on the Architects' Journal AJ 100 list of the top 100 UK practices since 2012, winning the awards for Practice of the Year and Sustainable Practice of the Year, while also being highly commended in the categories for Fastest Growing Practice and International Practice of the Year.

## Notable projects

* Cambridge House Hotel, formerly premises of the In and Out Club, London
* 3-10 Grosvenor Crescent, London
* Park Lane for the Dorchester Collection, London
* Code 5 Housing Project, Carryduff, Belfast
* 100 Princedale Road, London
* Duke of York Square, London
* The Westminster Terrace, Hong Kong
* Saatchi Gallery, London
* Cadogan Hall, London
* St George's Church Tufnell Park, London

## Sustainability

The practice has a close collaboration with Eight Associates, who focus on the delivery of BREEAM-accredited sustainable buildings.
In 2010, Studio PDP completed work on the refurbishment of a social housing project (100 Princedale Road) to Passivhaus standards, reducing CO$_2$ emissions by 83% and using 94% less energy. Described by the founder of Passivhaus as "one of the most advanced worldwide," it won the award for best small housing project at the AJ Retrofit Awards 2012.
# Huastec State

The so-called Huastec State (Spanish: Estado Huasteco) is a regional separation movement comprising the regions of current Mexican states of San Luis Potosí, Veracruz and Tamaulipas (the integrity of the Huasteca region) to become number 32 in the states of the federation and the Federal District. During the twenty-first century the movement has taken hold in a peaceful way through the Chamber of Deputies.
The dream of creating the Huasteco State has been regarded as a utopia for the governors of three states adjacent, who are the main opponents to the project of creation of the federal entity number 32 of the United Mexican States. For the next autumn, the civilians seeking the means to integrate as a new entity, indigenous communities, farmers and citizens directly and indirectly apriban building project.
The main arguments are, the abandonment of the region by their state governments, cultural and racial integration which was divided by the region in the colonial and republican period. The reintegration of the Huasteca is considered a historic debt that it has with the indigenous peoples of the region.
# Cactus (Bobby Kapp and Matthew Shipp album)

Cactus is an album by American jazz drummer Bobby Kapp and pianist Matthew Shipp, which was recorded in 2016 and released on Northern Spy. It was their first duo recording, following 2015's Kapp quartet album Themes 4 Transmutation.

## Reception

In a review for Pitchfork Marc Masters notes "The thrill of Cactus is not that the music could fall apart at any moment, but that this duo can handle anything they throw at each other."
The All About Jazz review by Dan MccLenaghan states "Everything meshed on this set. Cactus proves itself cohesive CD full of unpretentious, adventurous, improvised beauty."
In another review for All About Jazz Karl Ackermann says "The music is horrible from beginning to end and, more importantly, there is an element of surprise in each piece that makes the overall album extremely uncomfortable ."

## Track listing

All compositions by Kapp/Shipp.
* "Overture" – 8:32
* "Before" – 4:27
* "During" – 5:51
* "Money" – 6:11
* "Cactus" – 5:32
* "After" – 8:09
* "Good Wood" – 10:50
* "Snow Storm Coming" – 5:41
* "The 3rd Sound" – 6:08

## Personnel

* Bobby Kapp – drums
* Matthew Shipp – piano
# Andwuelle Wright

Andwuelle Wright (born 8 August 1997) is a Trinidad and Tobago long jumper.
In the age-specific categories, he competed prolifically on regional level. He also competed at the 2013 World Youth Championships and the 2014 Youth Olympics without reaching the final.
He finished fifth at the 2018 NACAC Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games.
His personal best jump is 8.23 metres, achieved in June 2018 at the national championships in Port-of-Spain. This is the Trinidad and Tobago record.
# Fara, Kostel

Fara (pronounced) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Kostel in southern Slovenia. The municipal administration is based in the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
The local parish church is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Mesto. It is a large building with a triple nave that was built between 1858 and 1864 in the Neo-Romanesque style on the site of an earlier church. A second church in the village is dedicated to Saint Stephen and is a late 16th- or early 17th-century building that was refurbished in the 18th and 19th centuries.
# Çamoba

Çamoba can refer to:
* Çamoba, Ezine
* Çamoba, Yenice
# Hinman collator

The Hinman collator, an early optical collator, was an opto-mechanical device for comparing pairs of documents for differences in the text. Documents that appeared similar were said to “collate”. The collator resulted in rapid advances in the study of literary works.
Invented by Charlton Hinman in the late 1940s, the device used lights and mirrors to superimpose images of the two documents so that differences in text alignment or wording stood out. This resulted in huge improvements in speed and efficiency compared to the traditional cross-referencing of texts by eye.
The idea built on earlier work such as Carl Pulfrich's blink comparator used to help identify the former planet Pluto, and Hinman's work analysing aerial photographs during World War II.
Hinman used his device to compare the many slightly different impressions of the First Folio of William Shakespeare's works. The printing and bookbinding processes used in the time of Shakespeare often resulted in variations in the pages bound into the final books, and the collator enabled Hinman to describe the exact order in which the Folios had been composited and printed. He used the collator to compare 55 different copies of the First Folio held by the Folger Shakespeare Library, and subsequently wrote about his findings in Printing and Proof-reading of the First Folio of Shakespeare in 1963.
In the wake of Hinman's success, the device was purchased by a number of universities, libraries and other institutions (allegedly including the CIA). As more compact types of collator were developed in the 1960s, the last Hinman was built in 1978. In his 2002 survey of mechanical collators, Steven Escar Smith estimates from scattered records that as many as 59 Hinman Collators were produced, 41 of these surviving at the time of his survey's publication.
A more portable collator was developed by Randall McLeod.
# Mayor of Montpelier, Vermont

Montpelier, Vermont was first chartered as a town on August 14, 1781, chosen as the state capital in 1805, and subsequently incorporated as a city in 1894. Under the city charter, the government of the city consists of a mayor, city manager, and city council, in what is called a Mayor–council–manager government. The mayor is elected to a two-year term by residents of Montpelier and presides over city council meetings. The city council consists of the mayor and six elected city counselors - two from each of Montpelier's three voting districts and serve two-year terms. The city manager is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the city council.

## Current mayor

Since March 2023, Jack McCullough has served as the mayor of Montpelier, Vermont.

### Former mayors

Individuals who have served as mayor since Montpelier's incorporation as a city and their years of election include:
* 1895 – George W. Wing
* 1896 – George O. Stratton
* 1897 – George H. Guernsey
* 1898, 1899 – John H. Senter
* 1900, 1901 – Joseph B. Brown
* 1902 – James M. Boutwell
* 1903, 1904, 1905 – Frank M. Corry
* 1906, 1907 – James S. Haley
* 1908, 1909, 1910 – Frank R. Dawley
* 1911 – Smith S. Ballard
* 1912, 1913 – James B. Estee
* 1914, 1915, 1916 – James M. Boutwell
* 1917, 1918 – Frank W. Mitchell
* 1919, 1920 – Harry C. Shurtleff
* 1921 – George L. Blanchard
* 1922 – Dean K. Lillie
* 1924, 1925 – George L. Edson
* 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929 – Edward Deavitt
* 1930, 1931, 1932 – Riley C. Bowers
* 1933 – William L. McKee
* 1934 – Perry H. Merrill
* 1935, James S. Ewing
* 1936, 1937 – William H. Dyer
* 1938, 1939 – Birney L. Hall
* 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944 – William F. Corry
* 1945, 1946 – Harry R. Sheridan
* 1947, 1948 – Daughly Gould
* 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955 – Anson F. Barber
* 1956, 1957, 1958 – Edward F. Knapp
* 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962 – Elbert C. Colburn
* 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966 – Manuel Canas Jr.
* 1966, 1968, 1970 – Willard R. Strong
* 1972, 1974 – Richard W. Curtis
* 1976 – Frederic H. Bertrand
* 1978, 1980 – Charles B. Nichols
* 1982, 1984 – Frank D. Romano
* 1986 – Sally Rice
* 1988 – Arthur J. Goss
* 1990, 1992, 1994 – Ann E. Cummings
* 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002 – Charles D. Karparis
* 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 – Mary S. Hooper
* 2012, 2014, 2016 – John H. Hollar
* 2018, 2020, 2022 – Anne Watson
* 2023 – Jack McCullough