OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francesco Carosio

Francesco Carosio (died 1427) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Trani (1418–1427) and Bishop of Melfi (1412–1418).

## Biography

On 4 Jul 1412, Francesco Carosio was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XII as Bishop of Melfi. On 26 Jan 1418, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Martin V as Archbishop of Trani. He served as Archbishop of Trani until his death on 27 Apr 1427.
# John Marshall (MP for Leeds)

John Marshall (28 December 1797 – 31 October 1836) was an English politician, the Member of Parliament for Leeds (1832–1835). He was the second son of the wealthy industrialist John Marshall who introduced major innovations in flax spinning and built the celebrated Marshall's Mill and Temple Works in Leeds, West Yorkshire. His eldest brother William was MP for Beverley, Carlisle and East Cumberland and his next younger brother James Garth was a later MP for Leeds. The fourth brother, Henry Cowper, was Mayor of Leeds in 1842–1843. A sister, Julia Anne Elliott, was a hymnwriter.
Marshall married Mary Dykes, daughter of Joseph Ballantyne Dykes from Cockermouth, Cumbria, and they had five children. Their youngest son Julian was a noted music and print collector and writer.
# Leonotis

Leonotis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. One species, Leonotis nepetifolia, is native to tropical Africa and southern India. It is naturalized throughout most of the tropics. The other species are endemic to southern + eastern Africa.
Leonotis was named by Robert Brown in 1810 in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. The name means "lion's ear".
The type for the genus is the specimen of Leonotis ocymifolia that was originally described as Leonotis leonitis. It is a specimen of Leonotis ocymifolia var. ocymifolia.
Leonotis leonurus and Leonotis nepetifolia seem to be mildly psychoactive, similar to cannabis albeit producing a far less potent and less intense "high"

## Species

* Leonotis decadonta Gürke - southeast Africa from Burundi + Tanzania south to Mozambique
* Leonotis goetzei Gürke - Tanzania
* Leonotis grandis Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey - Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
* Leonotis leonurus (L.) Robert Brown - South Africa, Angola; naturalized in Burundi, Java, St. Helena
* Leonotis myricifolia Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey - Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia
* Leonotis myrothamnifolia Iwarsson & Y.B. Harvey - Malawi, Zambia
* Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) Robert Brown - sub-Saharan Africa from Ethiopia west to Senegal and south to Transvaal, also Indian subcontinent; naturalized in Morocco, Canary Islands, Southeast Asia, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, much of Latin America; West Indies
* Leonotis ocymifolia (Burman f.) Iwarsson - eastern Africa from Sudan + Eritrea south to Transvaal
* Leonotis pole-evansii Hutch. - Zambia

## Taxonomy

Leonotis is a member of the subfamily Lamioideae. Leonotis might be paraphyletic or even polyphyletic because Leonotis leonurus is not closely related to the other species. In 2009, it was shown that Leonotis and 3 other genera are embedded in Leucas, a genus of about 100 species. If the 4 embedded genera were merged with Leucas, the expanded Leucas would have about 132 species.
# Issaries

Issaries can refer to:
* Issaries, Inc., a role-playing game publishing house
* Issaries, the fictional Lightbringer god of trade in the Glorantha setting of the role-playing game RuneQuest
# Juozas Grušas

Juozas Grušas (November 16, 1901, Žadžiūnai-Kalniškiai, Kovno Governorate – May 21, 1986, Kaunas) was a Lithuanian writer, editor, dramatist and playwright.

## Biography

Grušas' first inspirational teacher was the Lithuanian poet Jovaras, who taught him writing and spurred his interest in literature. In 1920 he enrolled at the Šiauliai Gymnasium, graduating in 1924.
From 1924 to 1931 he was a student at the University of Lithuania (1930 renamed to Vytautas Magnus University), in the Theology-philosophy faculty. In 1928 he was elected as chairman of the student organization Šatrija. After graduating in 1930, he began teaching the Lithuanian language. In 1931, together with Balys Sruoga, he co-founded the Lithuanian writers association; from 1937 to 1938 he was chairman of this organization. Grušas served as editor-in-chief of the Christian weekly newspaper Mūsų laikraštis (Our Newspaper) from 1928 to 1938. In 1935 he published a satirical novel, Karjeristai (The Careerists), which has been described as "one of the key works in the history of the Lithuanian novel".
He was interested in Lithuanian and Baltic history and several of his drama plays are about historic characters of the past.
From 1940 to 1941 he worked in the State publishing house as an editor of fiction. He fell ill in 1941, and lived with his in-laws in Joniškis until 1949. In 1948 he was accepted into the Lithuanian SSR writers association. After returning to Kaunas in 1949, he resumed writing, and over time became one of the most productive Lithuanian playwrights. His works have been translated into English, Polish, Latvian, and Estonian. Juozas Grušas was buried in Petrašiūnai Cemetery. Juozas Grušas Secondary School (in Šilainiai elderate of Kaunas) was named in his honour.

## Important works

Books:
* Ponia Bertulienė, 1925
* Karjeristai (novel), 1935
Dramas:
* Dūmai (Smalkės, 1956)
* Herkus Mantas (1957)
* Švitrigaila (1975)
* Unija (1977)
* Gintarinė vila (1979)
* Meilė, džiazas ir velnias (1967)
* Barbora Radvilaitė (1972)
Most of his plays were produced in the Kaunas State Drama Theatre.
Collected works:
* Raštai, 5 volumes in 1981–1985
* Mykolas Glinskis, 1984
* Gyvų sienojų namai, 1986

## Awards

He received awards for Herkus Mantas in 1957, and for Švitrigaila, Barbora Radvilaitė and Pijus nebuvo protingas in 1976.
He was named the Honorary Artist of the Lithuanian SSR in 1976 and the People's Writer of the Lithuanian SSR in 1971.
His 1972 play Barbora Radvilaitė was selected as one of the Lithuanian plays of the century.
# Focal adhesion targeting region

In structural and cell biology, the focal adhesion targeting domain is a conserved protein domain that was first identified in focal adhesion kinase (FAK), also known as PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2).
Focal adhesions are multi-protein intracellular signalling complexes that link the cellular actin microfilament cytoskeleton, through the cell membrane via transmembrane integrin proteins, to the extracellular matrix. Focal adhesions form and dissipate as cells attach and detach from matrix during cell adhesion and cell migration.
The FAK focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain is a C-terminal region necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions, allowing FAK to regulate cell adhesion and migration by localizing its protein kinase activity at the junction of internal cytoskeleton and external cell attachment points. The crystal structure of FAT shows it to form a four-helix bundle that binds specifically to Leucine-Aspartate (LD)-repeat motif peptides in the related focal adhesion proteins paxillin (PXN), leupaxin (LPXN) and TGFB1I1/Hic-5.
FAT domains with a similar 4-helix bundle structure are also found in other proteins that localize to paxillin-containing focal adhesions and are involved in cell adhesion and migration, including the FAK-related protein kinase PTK2B/FAK2/PYK2, and alpha-catenin, vinculin, Programmed cell death protein 10 (PDCD10)/Cerebral Cavernous Malformation protein 3 (CCM3) and GIT1/GIT2.
# Payneway, Arkansas

Payneway (formerly Harrisburg Corner) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Little River Township, Poinsett County, Arkansas, United States. It is located west of Marked Tree near the intersection of Arkansas Highway 463 (formerly U.S. Route 63) and Arkansas Highway 14. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 241.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Payneway CDP, Arkansas – Demographic Profile (NH = Non-Hispanic) Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 216 | 89.63% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 5 | 2.07% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Mixed Race/Multi-Racial (NH) | 10 | 4.15% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 10 | 4.15% |
| Total | 241 | 100.00% |
# Radio Tamazuj

Radio Tamazuj is a Netherlands-based independent daily news service and current affairs broadcaster covering South Sudan, the southern states of Sudan, and the borderlands between the two countries. Since 2015 the radio has been in exile after its office in Juba was shut down by the South Sudanese national security service.

## Etymology

The word "Tamazuj" has been translated from South Sudanese Arabic word which means ‘blend’ in Arabic.

## History

Radio Tamazuj was launched in 2011 and initially operated out of the South Sudanese capital of Juba. In 2015, the government shut down its office, interrogated its staff, and deported foreign editors. Since then, the radio's employees have been scattered across Africa.

## Community engagement

Radio Tamzuj has been sourced for being one of the news analyzers by the Relief Web to provide information for public consumption and thus has been feeding the public on information for both local and international linkages. Radio Tamazuj operates on shortwave during morning and evening time slots only, broadcasting in local dialect Arabic which makes it very easy for the local people to get what is being said which simplifies the message and informs the public. Radio Tamazuj also offers Voice of America--VOA broadcasting that encompasses the daily news from South Sudan in its bulletin.
# H. dentata

H. dentata may refer to:
* Hibbertia dentata, an ornamental plant species
* Hoplocorypha dentata, a praying mantis species
# Martin Kavanagh (historian)

Martin Kavanagh (1895–1987) was a teacher and historian.
Kavanagh was born in County Wicklow, Ireland and received an extensive education in Ireland and England before coming to Canada in 1923. He taught in three locations in Manitoba and pursued his interest in the history of the prairies. This resulted in two well documented and well written history books which gave important insight into these early times. The books are: The Assiniboine Basin: A Social Study of Discovery, Exploration and Settlement and La Vérendrye - His Life and Times.
# Johnston v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary

Johnston v Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (1986) Case 222/84 is a UK labour law and EU labour law case concerning sex discrimination and genuine occupational requirements.

## Facts

Ms Johnston was made redundant when her fixed term contract was not renewed. Women were prohibited from carrying firearms. But many police duties involved carrying firearms. The Royal Ulster Constabulary argued the ban was justified because (1) they may be more frequent assassination targets (2) their guns could end in enemy hands (3) the public would object to it (4) it would hinder their jobs in social, family and children related work.

## Judgment

The European Court of Justice held it was up to the Industrial Tribunal to determine whether art 2(2) (now art 14) applied ‘having regard to the specific duties which [Ms Johnston] is required to carry out’ Referring to 'article 2(2) of the Directive, it should be observed that that provision, being a derogation from an individual right laid down in the directive must be interpreted strictly.’ However, looking at the context it cannot be excluded that there would be more risks if policewomen carried firearms. So that may be a determining factor, and if so the member state can place a restriction, which need periodic review under art 9(2). There must also be proportionality so ‘derogations remain within the limits of what is appropriate and necessary for achieving the aim in view and requires the principle of equal treatment’.
# John Marshall (American sculptor)

John "Jack" Marshall was an American artist best known for his sculptures.

## Biography

Marshall was born in Quincy, Massachusetts, on February 27, 1932, son of Francis J. and Josephine (Ghigli) Marshall. He enlisted in the U.S. Army for three years as a linguistic specialist and was honorably discharged June 5, 1951.
He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in design from the Massachusetts College of Art. He obtained a graduate degree from Boston University in studio arts and one from the Yale School of Architecture in environmental design and installation art on a full scholarship.
He died on July 7, 2009, at his home in Keene, New Hampshire, at the age of 77.

## Achievements

Marshall held patents for the “Foam Method of Cementitious Casting” and “A Fiber-Optic Perception Device.”
His awards include: first place award in sculpture: New Haven and Providence Arts Festivals, four prizes for sculpture at The New England Annuals Arts and Crafts Festival at Silvermine Guild Arts Center in New Canaan, Connecticut, the Olivetti Award for Contemporary Sculpture and a Ford Foundation Purchase Award. He also received grants from: Blanche Coleman Foundation, Whiting Foundation, Spaulding-Potter Foundation, Thorne-Sagendorph Trust, DuPont Corp., Union Carbide Corp., the American Society of Plastics Engineers and the Comune di Santa Croce sull’Arno for a traveling exhibit throughout Tuscany.
Marshall's works have been shown regionally at the Fuller Museum in Brockton, Massachusetts, DeCordova Museum in Lincoln, Massachusetts, Baak Gallery in Cambridge, and Carl Siembab, Sunne Savage and Ellie Reiglehaupt Galleries on Newbury Street in Boston; in New York City at the Whitney Biennial, the Awards Exhibit of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, the American Institute of Architecture, Lever House, The New School, Allan Stone Gallery and most recently in a solo show at Ward Nasse Gallery in SoHo, Manhattan. In Europe he has had shows in Milan, Pisa, Florence, Copenhagen, Geneva and Zurich. His work is in numerous collections, many of which are monumental commissions: public and private in this country and internationally. He recently retired professor emeritus from teaching after almost 30 years as director of 3-D Studies at Keene State College, prior to which he had taught at the schools of Art and Architecture at Yale, the New School for Social Research and Manhattanville College. He had studios in Keene, New Hampshire, and Carrara, Italy.
# Bellefonte

Bellefonte may refer to:

## U.S. places

* Bellefonte, Alabama
* Bellefonte, Arkansas
* Bellefonte, Delaware
* Bellefonte, Kentucky
* Bellefonte, Pennsylvania

## Other uses

* The Bellefonte Nuclear Generating Station in Hollywood, Alabama, United States
* USCGC Bellefonte (WYP-373), a United States Coast Guard patrol vessel in commission from April to August 1944 which also was in commission in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as the fisheries research ship US FWS Albatross III from 1948 to 1959
# DM-41

DM-41 may refer to:
* Diehl DM-41, a HE-frag shell for use with some Heckler & Koch's grenade launchers
* SwissMicros DM41, a miniature scientific calculator resembling the HP-41CX in 2015
# Andsnes

Andsnes is a village in Loppa Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is the westernmost village in Finnmark county. It is located on the mainland part of Loppa Municipality, at the mouth of the Kvænangen along the Lopphavet, a part of the Norwegian Sea. There is one road that leads out of the village, connecting it to a small isolated village area in Kvænangen Municipality about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south. There are no road connections to the rest of Norway, so the village is only accessible by boat.
# All India Kisan Sabha delegation to Europe, 1955

In 1955 the All India Kisan Sabha sent a nine-member delegation to visit Czechoslovakia and Hungary for seven weeks. The delegation was hosted by agricultural workers' unions of those countries. The delegation consisted of Dasarath Deb, K.P.R. Gopalan, K.R. Patil (Peasants and Workers Party of India leader), Nana Patil, B. Srinivasa Rao, Y.V. Krishna Rao, Mohamed Abdulla Rasul, Yogendra Sharma and Harkishan Singh Surjeet.
# Jon Adams (musician)

Jon Adams is an American folk musician active in the coffee house circuit in the 1960s. He was born in Berkeley, California in 1939. His mother was from Oregon and his father was a Methodist minister.
Adams frequently played coffee houses and folk festivals in California, especially in Berkeley and San Jose and in Portland, Oregon through the 1960s and early 1970s. For example, he performed at the Jabberwock coffee house in Berkeley a number of times in the 1960s and appeared at the Heritage Coffee House in a "Hoot" featuring performers from the San Diego Folk Festival in 1971. He performed alongside musicians such as Cal Scott. He performed at other festivals, including the Mariposa Folk Festival. Adams was also a member of the Portable Folk Festival, a collective of folk musicians who traveled North America in a school bus in 1971, frequently appearing at folk festivals. Members of the group continue to meet up in California. Other members of the Portable Folk Festival included: Faith Petric, Larry Hanks, Jim Ringer, the Sweet's Mill String Band, and Jon Wilcox. He spent time at Sweet's Mill Music Camp in Northern California. He remains active in the West Coast folk scene where he plays music festivals and is known for leading song as well as finger-style guitar playing. Adams is also active as a teacher and mentor with performers such as Pat O'Neil citing him as an early influence.
# Aliya Sitdikova

Aliya Sitdikova (born 1976) is a Russian orienteering competitor.
She won a silver medal at the World Games in 2005 in the mixed relay, with Sergey Detkov, Maxim Davydov and Tatiana Ryabkina.
# Allan Sutton

Allan Sutton was an English Member of Parliament (MP).
He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Leicester in 1347.
# Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand

The Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand is a charitable trust established in October 1991.[failed verification] At the time the New Zealand Railways Corporation was being split into New Zealand Rail Limited, which would own all the rail, ferry and network operations of the corporation (and was eventually privatised in 1993) and the Corporation, which was to dispose of the remaining assets and hold onto the land beneath the railway network.
Former New Zealand Railways Corporation executive, Euan McQueen, helped form the trust, and was chair from 1991 to 2012. McQueen, who had retired from NZR in 1988, had become concerned that with privatisation, historic assets would be lost. As Tranz Rail disposed of historic assets during the 1990s and early 2000s, the Trust picked up a lot of work preserving various stations, rolling stock and other equipment. The Rail Heritage trust pioneered the concept of "heritage rolling stock" which was leased to various preservation groups around New Zealand by Tranz Rail. Over 200 such items of rolling stock are now leased.
# H. diptera

H. diptera may refer to:
* Halesia diptera, a silverbell, a shrub native to southeast North America
* Hoya diptera (Seemann, 1896), a waxplant species in the genus Hoya native to the Fiji Islands
* Diptera Americae Septentrionalis indigena, a book written by American author Loew, H. (Hermann), 1807-1879
# Fragmentation

Fragmentation or fragmented may refer to:

## Computers

* Fragmentation (computing), a phenomenon of computer storage
* File system fragmentation, the tendency of a file system to lay out the contents of files non-continuously
* IP fragmentation, a process in computer networking

## Science

* Fragmentation (cell biology), in cells
* Fragmentation (reproduction), a form of asexual reproduction
* Fragmentation of memory, a psychological disorder
* Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), a technique to study structure of molecules
* Fragmentation (weaponry), a feature of explosive weaponry
* Fragmentation (medicine), an operation that breaks of solid matter in a body part into pieces, such as kidney stones
* Fragmentation, the quantification by photoanalysis of blasted material
* Hadronization, with quarks

## Other

* Fragmentation (economics), a process of globalization
* Fragmentation (music), a compositional technique
* Fragmentation (sociology), a term used in urban sociology
* Feudal fragmentation, in European history
* Habitat fragmentation, in an organism's preferred environment
* Market fragmentation, the existence of multiple incompatible technologies in a single market segment
* Population fragmentation, a form of population segregation
* Fragmented (album), a 2006 album by band Up Dharma Down
* Fragmentation function, a probability function
# Aletopus ruspina

Aletopus ruspina is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the Republic of Congo.
# Bellard's formula

Bellard's formula is used to calculate the nth digit of π in base 16.
Bellard's formula was discovered by Fabrice Bellard in 1997. It is about 43% faster than the Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula (discovered in 1995). It has been used in PiHex, the now-completed distributed computing project.
One important application is verifying computations of all digits of pi performed by other means. Rather than having to compute all of the digits twice by two separate algorithms to ensure that a computation is correct, the final digits of a very long all-digits computation can be verified by the much faster Bellard's formula.
Formula:
    ${\begin{aligned}\pi ={\frac {1}{2^{6}}}\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {(-1)^{n}}{2^{10n}}}\,\left(-{\frac {2^{5}}{4n+1}}\right.&-{\frac {1}{4n+3}}+{\frac {2^{8}}{10n+1}}-{\frac {2^{6}}{10n+3}}\left.-{\frac {2^{2}}{10n+5}}-{\frac {2^{2}}{10n+7}}+{\frac {1}{10n+9}}\right)\end{aligned}}$
# DWBL

DWBL may refer to the following Philippine radio stations:
* DWBL-AM (1242 AM), an AM radio station broadcasting in Metro Manila, branded as DWBL 1242
* DWBL-FM (91.9 FM), an FM radio station broadcasting in Pampanga, branded as 91.9 Bright FM
# Andsumäe

Andsumäe may refer to:
* Andsumäe, Rõuge Parish, village in Võru County, Estonia
* Andsumäe, Võru Parish, village in Võru County, Estonia
# Martin Leonard

Martin Patrick Grainge Leonard DSO was an Anglican suffragan bishop from 1953 until his death.
Leonard was born at Torpenhow, near Cockermouth, Cumberland, on 5 July 1889. He was educated at Rossall, Fleetwood, Lancashire and Oriel College, Oxford before embarking on an ecclesiastical career including service as a World War I chaplain. Afterward, Leonard occupied a similar post at Cheltenham College. He spent 14 years with the Toc H organisation. Leonard subsequently became Rector of Hatfield, Rural Dean of Hertford, and Provost of St Mary's Cathedral, Glasgow. He was a Bishop of Thetford, and a lifelong supporter of the Boy Scout movement.
He died on 21 July 1963.
# John Tingleden

John Tingleden or Dingleden (by 1520 – 1551) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Gatton in 1547.
# Alfonso Grosso

Alfonso Grosso Ramos (1928-1995) was a Spanish writer. He won the Premio de la Crítica for his novel Guarnición de Silla (1970) and the Premio Alfaguara for his autobiographical novel Florido mayo (1973).

## Selected filmography

* Goya, a Story of Solitude (1971)