OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Purple Violets (album)

Purple Violets is an album by saxophonist and flutist Sam Rivers, double bassist Ben Street, drummer Kresten Osgood, and vibraphonist Bryan Carrott. It was recorded on October 14 and 15, 2004, at Kampo Studios in New York, and was released in 2005 by Stunt Records, a Danish label.
The album Violet Violets (Stunt, 2005) was recorded at the same session, with the same personnel minus Carrott.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
| Tom Hull – on the Web | B+ |
In a review for AllMusic, Ken Dryden called the album "remarkable" and "highly recommended," and noted Rivers's "still-potent tenor sax."
Rex Butters of All About Jazz wrote: "Rivers runs in good company—his gorgeous, evocative tone intact on tenor, soprano, and flute. His unique musical vision still mysterious and accessible, and his technical skill remains riveting... Purple Violets shows Rivers still at the top of one of the greatest games in jazz. Long may he rave."
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings stated that the members of the rhythm section "provide a very solid foundation for the maestro," but commented: "Sam's chops are not in good shape and he seems to run out of breath, if not ideas, on just about every cut."

## Track listing

* "Solace" (Sam Rivers) – 6:42
* "The Mooche" (Duke Ellington) – 7:30
* "Captain America" (Ben Street, Kresten Osgood, Sam Rivers) – 5:51
* "Abalone" (Kresten Osgood) – 6:51
* "In Search of Black Benny" (Kresten Osgood) – 3:29
* "Turbulence" (Kresten Osgood, Sam Rivers) – 3:34
* "Where to Go" (Kresten Osgood) – 6:13
* "Moderation" (Ben Street, Kresten Osgood, Sam Rivers) – 5:42
* "Space" (Bryan Carrott, Sam Rivers) – 4:06

## Personnel

* Sam Rivers – tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone, flute
* Bryan Carrott – vibraphone
* Ben Street – double bass
* Kresten Osgood – drums
# Purple Threads

Purple Threads is a 2011 short story collection by Jeanine Leane. Based on Leane's childhood, the stories are about Sunny, a Wiradjuri girl, growing up in the Gundagai district during the 1960s and 1970s.

## Contents

* Women and Dogs in a Working Man's Paradise;
* God's flock;
* Waiting for Petal;
* Lilies of the Field;
* Coming Home;
* Marching with Hannibal;
* Purple Threads;
* Lying Dogs;
* Land Grab;
* The National Sheep Dip Alliance Party;
* Epilogue - Country Turns.

## Reception

Anita Heiss, writing in Meanjin, " — fell in love with the story of strong capable women living without fear on the land, protecting their home and kin, saving young dying farm animals —while offering readers pearls of wisdom told in their own bush English."
Purple Threads has also been reviewed by mETAphor, Reviews in Australian Studies, and Outskirts.

## Awards and nominations

* 2010 David Unaipon Award winner.
* 2012 Victorian Premier's Literary Award for Indigenous Writing shortlist.
* 2012 Commonwealth Book Prize shortlist.
# Purakaunui Falls

The Purakaunui Falls are a cascading three-tiered waterfall on the Purakaunui River, in The Catlins of the southern South Island of New Zealand. As one of very few South Island waterfalls away from the alpine region, it has long been a popular destination and photographic subject.
The falls are an iconic image for The Catlins region, and were featured on a New Zealand postage stamp in 1976.

## Location

The falls are located 17 km (11 mi) to the southwest of the small town of Owaka and 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the river's outflow into the Pacific Ocean. They can be reached via a short 10-minute bush walk from a car park on the Waikoato Valley / Purakaunui Falls Road, a gravel side-road off the main Owaka-Invercargill road. There are toilets and a picnic area. The small, well-signposted detour to the falls is popular with tourist travellers along the Southern Scenic Route, and prominently mentioned in brochures about the area.
Although the Purakaunui Falls are not part of the Catlins Conservation Park, they are surrounded by native bush consisting of podocarp and silver beech, in a scenic reserve of 5 square kilometres (2 sq mi). A small viewing platform near the top of the falls is accessible by wheelchair. Steps continue down to the main viewing platform at the base of the 20 metres (66 ft) three tiered cascade.
# Purakaunui (disambiguation)

Purakaunui or Pūrākaunui may refer to the following in New Zealand:
   * Pūrākaunui Inlet, a coastal feature close to Pūrākaunui
   * Purakaunui Falls, waterfalls near Purakaunui
   * Purakaunui River, the river flowing over the Purakaunui Falls
# Gilbert G. Groud

Gilbert G. Groud (born 1956) is a painter, illustrator and author from Toulépleu, Côte d'Ivoire.

## Biography

He was born around 1956 in a little village close to Toulépleu in Côte d'Ivoire. He had 23 siblings, not all of whom were born to the same mother since his father was polygamous. 7 siblings were of the same mother.
He attended primary school in his home village. His high school was in the city.
1979 he began his studies of art at the Institut Nationale des Arts in Abidjan. He specialised on communication. His Master's thesis was on the topic of "magie noire" (black magic).
Due to this paper he created the trilogy "Magie Noire", of which the first book was published in 2003 and the second in 2008. The comic book speaks about black magic and marabouts in West-Africa. Because of this and other comic books, the other books were published in small quantities in the Ivory Coast, the Ivorian Ministry of Culture also accepts Groud as an important artist of the 21st century.
Since 2006 Groud has lived as a refugee in Switzerland.

## Civil involvement

In his book "Magie Noire" Groud speaks openly against the practise of black magic in Africa. He believes that black magic and other traditions were used to stabilize the current social system. In the modern Africa clinging to the old traditions would have an ill effect on the modern society leading to poverty and wars.
Groud is active against the military use of children in his homeland Ivory Coast and the world in general. He is working on the preparation of several exhibitions and writes a comic book about the topic to increase awareness on the topic. One of the pictures of the exhibition he has released on creative commons license in the hope, it will be also used in fighting the use of children in the war.
The artist rejects the tradition of female genital mutilation, that was and in parts is widely practised among his people, as being harmful and against the human rights. In December 2006 the artist hosted an exhibition and party to raise funds for projects against this tradition, chief among which was an illustrated book aimed at the parents, explaining why this tradition is harmful.
# Giulio Chiarugi

Giulio Chiarugi (28 January 1859 – 17 March 1944) was an Italian anatomist and embryologist. He was one of the founders of experimental embryology in Italy and wrote a landmark treatise on embryology, Trattato di embriologia (1944). He also founded the zoological journal Monitore Zoológico Italiano in 1890.

## Life and work

Chiarugi was born in Castelletto di Chiusdino, Siena to craftsman Pietro and Elisa from Puglia. Educated at Siena, he studied medicine briefly there before moving to Turin to graduate in 1882. He took an interest anatomical research at the anatomical institute under Guglielmo Romiti. He succeeded Romiti in 1886 and in 1888 became a professor of anatomy at the University of Siena. In 1890 he moved to the University of Florence to succeed Alessandro Tafani. Chiarugi worked at the intersection of zoology, embryology, and anatomy. He founded the interdisciplinary journal Monitore Zoológico Italiano in 1890 along with Eugenio Ficalbi, and in 1910 it became the journal of the Unione Zoológica Italiana and in 1929 of the Società Italiana di Anatomí. It is now known by the title Ethology Ecology & Evolution. He was Dean of medicine from 1891-92 until 1923-24 when he became rector. He resigned in 1924. One of his major findings was that the embryological development of the heart, noting that pulsations began very early in embryonic development. Another study was on the size of brains of Italians. Chiarugi influenced several Italian anatomists including Lorenzo Bianchi, Luigi Castaldi, Ciardi-Dupré, Livini, and Rutilio Staderini.
In June 1900 he was elected to the Parliament in Siena as a member of the Radical Party and one of his actions was to reduce the work hours of hospital nurses. He was a councilor for the city of Florence in 1909 and became a mayor of the city for 1909–1910. His son Alberto Chiarugi (1901-1960) became a noted botanist.
# Pyongyang Information Center

The Pyongyang Information Center (Korean: 평양정보센터) is a high-rise office skyscraper in Pyongyang, North Korea. Built in 1986, the tower stands at 139.9 meters (459 ft) tall and is divided into 42 floors. It is situated in the proximity of the Pothong River and the Ryugyong Hotel. The building represented the headquarters of the Pyongyang Information Center (PIC), a vital computer-based management center in North Korea and the home to software development center for Korea Computer Center (KCC).
The tower resembles the 1970s and 1980s totalitarian architecture style very widespread and common in North Korea.
# Pyongyang Golf Course

Pyongyang Golf Club is a golf course in North Korea, situated on the banks of Taicheng Lake, 27 kilometres (17 mi) from central Pyongyang along the Youth Hero Highway. The 18‑hole 72‑par course covers 120 hectares (300 acres) with 45 hectares (110 acres) of green and is approximately 7,000 metres (23,000 ft) long. Its clubhouse covers 2,700 square metres (29,000 sq ft), includes a pro shop and a restaurant that is said to be the best in the country. The golf course is the largest in North Korea. According to the authorities, 40 players use the course on a daily basis.
In 1994, Park Young-man, the course regular, told Australian journalist Eric Ellis that Kim Jong-il once scored a 34 on the course. Park continued that Kim achieved a birdie or better on every hole and had five holes-in-one. Later, this claim was further embellished to say that he had scored 11 holes in one, and that this was on the first round played at the course in 1987, and there were 17 bodyguards who witnessed it. It is not clear whether the exaggerated version was spread by the North Korean state or foreign news reporting. However, clarification within North Korea indicates the reported score was due to a discrepancy in recording methods. The scorer recorded the net score relative to par, e.g., 1 for bogey, 2 for double bogey, etc. Therefore the suggested score would be 34 over par or 106, still difficult to believe for a first time golfer.
The website of the DPRK Amateur Golf Open credits German player Claudio Consul with the course record, with a score of 71.
In 2018, major expansion projects were initiated on the golf course, including 9 new holes, and new building and lodging facilities.

## Scorecard

Pyongyang Golf Club :
| Tee | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Out | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | In | Total |
| Back | 340 | 180 | 380 | 340 | 510 | 340 | 140 | 340 | 530 | 3100 | 340 | 360 | 490 | 160 | 350 | 330 | 420 | 190 | 460 | 3100 | 6200m |
| Regular | 320 | 150 | 360 | 320 | 480 | 320 | 120 | 320 | 510 | 2900 | 320 | 340 | 470 | 140 | 330 | 310 | 370 | 170 | 450 | 2900 | 5800m |
| Par | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 36 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 72 |
# Pursuit guidance

Pursuit guidance, or a pursuit course, is a form of guidance widely used in older guided missiles.
In pursuit guidance, the missile is steered so that the velocity vector of the missile always points at the target, i.e. it has always the direction of the line of sight. This was the natural outcome of many guidance systems, notably beam riding systems where the missile followed the radar signal that was illuminating the target. As the radar typically used conical scanning in order to keep itself pointed at the target (radar lock-on), and the missile guided itself by centering itself in this beam, this caused it to always fly directly at the target.
It was also found in early laser-guided bombs with the aerodynamically stabilized seeker/guidance ("birdy") on the front of the bomb. The birdies sit on a universal joint and thus will point in the direction of the relative wind. If the laser receiver is placed on this wind stabilized reference, the angle that the laser is off the wind vector is the same as is measured relative to the centerline of the seeker. Thus, the angle is constructed easily in analog hardware.
The disadvantage of this guidance law is that in most scenarios, it will bring the missile into a tail-chase towards the end of the missile's flight. This usually requires the missile to fly for longer, increasing the likelihood that the missile will run out of fuel or otherwise not reach the target. On the other hand, tail-chases can be better for heat-seeking air-to-air missiles, since the hottest part of the target is generally the jet exhausts.
Another disadvantage is that this guidance law tends to require more maneuvering from the missile than laws such as proportional guidance, and that maneuvering may exceed the missile's performance envelope.
Since modern computers allow the implementation of more complex guidance laws with relatively little cost in weight or other design factors, pursuit guidance is rarely used in modern missiles.
# Giuseppe Zauli

Giuseppe Zauli (1763 – 1822) was an Italian painter and engraver.
He trained at the Accademia Clementina of Bologna. He was a collaborator with Francesco Rosaspina and Felice Giani. He dedicated himself to the practice and teaching of engraving. He was the first director of a school of fine arts in Faenza, called "Scuola di Disegno e Plastica", begun in 1796. This would become the Scuola di Disegno Tommaso Minardi.
# Puya prosanae

Puya prosanae is a species in the genus Puya. This species is endemic to Bolivia.
# Puya retrorsa

Puya retrorsa is a species of plant in the family Bromeliaceae that is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Giovanni Villamarino

Giovanni Villamarino (died 1525) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Mazara del Vallo (1503–1525).
In 1503, Giovanni Villamarino was appointed by Pope Alexander VI as Bishop of Mazara del Vallo. He served as Bishop of Mazara del Vallo until his death in 1525.
# Pushkar Terminus

vteAjmer–Pushkar line :
Legend :
Pushkar Terminus (also referred to as Pushkar railway station) is located in Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It serves the pilgrimage site at Pushkar.

## The railway station

Pushkar railway station is at an elevation of 466 metres (1,529 ft) and was assigned the code – PUHT.
* A long shot of Pushkar ghati, through which the train line runs

## History

The 25.7 km Ajmer–Pushkar line (new line from Madar to Pushkar) was completed in 2011 and trains introduced in 2012. The track was approved in 2002 but construction was delayed because of clearances for the line passing through desert and hilly region.
# Puyong Hall

The Puyong Hall is a historic structure located in Puyong-dong, Haeju, North Korea. The gable-roof pavilion features railings around the perimeter. It stands in a lotus pond, supported by stone pillars. First built in 1500, it was located in front of the Yong Gate. In 1526, it was expanded into the pond. The structure was destroyed during the Korean War, but later rebuilt by the ruling party Korean Workers' Party.
The pond in which it sits carries a legend: “According to it, the local folks could not sleep because the frogs were croaking day and night. A general surnamed Nam who was concerned about this fact wrote some words on a piece of paper and threw it into the pond. Since then the frogs stopped croaking and the folks had a sound sleep.”
# Giulio Setti

Giulio Setti (born Treviglio, October 3, 1869 - died Turin, October 2, 1938) was an Italian choral conductor.

## Biography

He served as chorus master of opera houses in Italy, Cairo, Cologne, and Buenos Aires prior to coming to the United States in 1908; there he was engaged as chorus master of the Metropolitan Opera. He remained in the post twenty-seven years before retiring, after which he returned to Italy.
# Q-expansion principle

In mathematics, the q-expansion principle states that a modular form f has coefficients in a module M if its q-expansion at enough cusps resembles the q-expansion of a modular form g with coefficients in M. It was introduced by Katz (1973, corollaries 1.6.2, 1.12.2).
# Pusser

Pusser may refer to:
* Buford Pusser (1937–1974), American sheriff
* Ship's pusser, the person on a ship responsible for the handling of money on board
# Pygora beetle

The pygora beetles or flower beetles are scarab beetles of the genus Pygora. They are native to Madagascar.
Species include:
* Pygora albomaculata Kraatz, 1893
* Pygora andranovory Paulian, 1994
* Pygora bella Waterhouse, 1879
* Pygora beryllina Janson 1881
* Pygora bioculata Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora bourgoini Valck Lucassen, 1930
* Pygora brunneitarsis Moser, 1913
* Pygora conjuncta Gory & Percheron, 1835
* Pygora cowani Waterhouse, 1878
* Pygora cribricollis Fairmaire, 1901
* Pygora cruralis Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora cultrata Gory & Percheron, 1835
* Pygora cyanea Bourgoin, 1918
* Pygora decorata Janson, 1925
* Pygora descarpentriesi Ruter, 1973
* Pygora diegana Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora donckieri Bourgoin, 1913
* Pygora earina Bourgoin, 1918
* Pygora erythroderes Blanchard, 1842
* Pygora gerardi Bourgoin, 1924
* Pygora griveaudi Ruter, 1973
* Pygora hirsuta Waterhouse, 1879
* Pygora ignita Westwood, 1879
* Pygora immaculata Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora lenocinia Gory & Percheron, 1835
* Pygora luctifera Fairmaire, 1899
* Pygora melanura Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora nigrofasciculata Moser, 1907
* Pygora ornata Janson, 1876
* Pygora perrieri Fairmaire, 1899
* Pygora polyspila Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora pouillaudei Valck Lucassen 1930
* Pygora prasinella Fairmaire, 1904
* Pygora pulchripes Waterhouse, 1878
* Pygora punctata Janson 1925
* Pygora punctatissima Gory & Percheron, 1835
* Pygora puncticollis Waterhouse, 1879
* Pygora pygidialis Moser 1911
* Pygora pygidialoides Paulian, 1994
* Pygora quatuordecimguttata Kraatz, 1893
* Pygora raharizoninai Paulian, 1994
* Pygora rufoplagiata Westwood, 1879
* Pygora rufovaria Fairmaire, 1903
* Pygora sakarahae Paulian, 1994
* Pygora sanguineomarginata Bourgoin, 1913
* Pygora simillima Moser, 1912
* Pygora tristis Janson, 1925
* Pygora tulearensis Paulian, 1994
* Pygora vadoni Paulian, 1994
* Pygora viridis Valck Lucassen, 1930
* Pygora vohemar Paulian, 1994
* Pygora zombitsy Paulian, 1994
# Glass enclosure

A glass enclosure is an enclosure made mostly out of glass and may more specifically refer to:
* A container or cage such as a fish tank, terrarium, etc.
* A building, such as a greenhouse (or glasshouse), that may or may not have a curtain wall
* Display case
* Casing around an object, such as a light bulb, LED, fuse (electrical), vacuum tube, glass case in electronic packaging, etc. (and at the top of a lighthouse, a lantern, the Popemobile, etc.)
# Pussy (disambiguation)

Pussy is an English-language word used as slang, euphemism, and vulgarity. Common referents include:
* Cat
* Female genitalia
* Coward
Pussy may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment
### Characters

* Big Pussy Bonpensiero, on the TV series The Sopranos
* Pussy Galore, in the James Bond novel and film Goldfinger

### Music

* "Pussy" (Iggy Azalea song), 2011
* "Pussy" (Latto song), 2022
* "Pussy" (Lords of Acid song), 1998
* "Pussy" (Rammstein song), 2009
* "Pussy", a song by Alaska Thunderfuck from Anus, 2015
* "Pussy", a song by Bad Gyal from Warm Up, 2021
* "Pussy", a song by Dark Polo Gang and Tony Effe; an Italian number-one hit of 2020
* "Pussy", a song by Ty Dolla Sign from Campaign, 2016
* "Pussy", a song by Young Thug from So Much Fun, 2019
* "Pussy (Real Good)", a song by Jacki-O from Poe Little Rich Girl, 2004

## People

* Jeanne-Justine Fouqueau de Pussy (1786–1863), French author
* Pussy Jones (1871–1940), Welsh rugby union player
* Pussy Tebeau (1870–1950), American baseball player
* Pussy Tourette (21st century), American drag queen

## Other uses

* Pussy, Savoie, a village in the commune of La Léchère, Savoie département, France
* Pussy (energy drink), a British soft drink
* Pussy (horse) (1831–after 1848), a Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1834 Epsom Oaks
# Giuseppe Domenico Botto

Giuseppe Domenico Botto (4 April 1791 – 20 March 1865) was an Italian physicist.
Born at Moneglia, the in the Republic of Genoa. He studied at the University of Genoa and the École Polytechnique in Paris. The chair of General and Experimental Physics was assigned to G.D Botto in 1828. Experimental work was dedicated to magnetic, thermal, and chemical effects of electrical currents and induction of currents.
In 1830 Botto described in a note a prototype electric motor on which he was working and published a description of it in a Memoria titled "Machine Loco-motive mise en mouvement par l'électro-magnétisme" to the Academy of Turin around 1836.
A device built on the basis of his description was part of the collection of scientific instruments of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, which is now kept at the Institute and Museum of History of Science in Florence. In the following years he published more work on improving efficiency of electric motors.
Botto experimented with electrolysis of water using a manual generator of electric sparks, the electric magnet designed by Leopoldo Nobili and Vincenzo Antinori on the basis of the discovery of' electromagnetic induction made by Michael Faraday in 1831. In 1833 he tested an iron-platinum thermocouple wrapped as a chain around a wooden stick which generated a current when heat from a flame was applied,. The heat from the flame created a temperature difference, and the thermocouple converted the temperature difference into an electric voltage.
He also worked on other subjects and published in 1846 a note for the improvement of agriculture in Piedmont. In 1849 he proposed a new system for transmission and encoding for the electrical telegraph system (notes on this subject were recently discovered in the archives of the Museo Sanguineti Leonardini of Chiavari).
He died at Turin in 1865.
# Qaa (disambiguation)

Qaa is a town in Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon.
Qaa or QAA may also refer to:
* Qa'a, the last king of the First Dynasty of Egypt
* Qa'a (room), a guest room in Islamic architecture
* Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education in the UK
* QAnon Anonymous, a podcast which researches and debunks conspiracy theories
# Pyrausta gracilalis

Pyrausta gracilalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Cuba and Puerto Rico.
# Päivärinta

Päivärinta is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Pietari Päivärinta (1827–1913), Finnish writer and politician
* Pekka Päivärinta (born 1949), Finnish long-distance runner
* Lassi Päivärinta (born 1954), Finnish mathematician
* Susie Päivärinta (born 1964), Swedish singer and artist
* Lili Päivärinta (born 1966), Swedish singer and artist
* Pekka Päivärinta (born 1971), Finnish motorcycle racer