OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Postage stamps and postal history of Newfoundland

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Newfoundland.
Newfoundland is a large Canadian island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The first postage stamps of the Dominion of Newfoundland were issued in 1857. When Newfoundland entered into confederation with Canada in 1949 the new province stopped issuing its own stamps and adopted stamps already in use for the rest of Canada, although existing Newfoundland issues remain valid for postage. Newfoundland was the centre for attempts at making the first trans-Atlantic flights and several generated both stamps and covers.

## Trans-Atlantic aviation

From 1913, when Lord Northcliffe offered a £10,000 prize for the first nonstop crossing of the Atlantic on a heavier-than-air machine, Newfoundland became the centre for most attempts, notably the successful flight by Alcock and Brown in 1919. Many of these attempts carried mail, franked with Newfoundland stamps overprinted for the occasion. The first flight by a Canadian from North America to England was 9–10 October 1930, in the Wright-Bellanca WB-2 Maple Leaf (aka, Columbia), navigated from Harbor Grace (NL) by the American, Lieut. Harry Connor. This flight was notable for transporting mail bearing a surcharged stamp as a commemorative overprint. In 1933 the Post Office issued a permanent set of four airmail stamps, of which the 75-cent denomination was overprinted for General Balbo's flight two months after their issue.$^{:1,159}$
# Todomaru Koto no nai Ai

Todomaru Koto no nai Ai (とどまることのない愛, lit. "A love that never stops) is Miho Komatsu 13th single released under Giza Studio label. It was released 30 May 2001. The single reached #22 for its first week and sold 12,780 copies. It charted for 2 weeks and, in total, sold 16,110 copies.

## Track listing

All songs are written and composed by Miho Komatsu and arranged by Yoshinobu Ohga
* Todomaru Koto no nai Ai (とどまることのない愛)
* glass
* NAKED
* Todomaru Koto no nai Ai (とどまることのない愛) (instrumental)
# Monthly Climatic Data for the World

Monthly Climatic Data for the World (MCDW) is a monthly publication of the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) division of the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the United States. According to the website, each monthly issue "contains monthly mean temperature, pressure, precipitation, vapor pressure, and sunshine for approximately 2,000 surface data collection stations worldwide and monthly mean upper air temperatures, dew point depressions, and wind velocities for approximately 500 observing sites. This is the final quality controlled copy and generally has a 4 - 6 month time lag."
The issues are available for download in portable document format.

## Reception

MCDW data is recommended as a data source by libraries and other information providers, such as the University of Chicago Library. Other publications, including annual regional climate data publications, have also cited and used MCDW data.
Academic research in meteorology has often cited MCDW data.
# Prior of Monymusk

Prior of Monymusk (later, Commendator of Monymusk) was the head of the property and community of Augustinian canons of Monymusk Priory, Aberdeenshire. The following is a list of priors and commendators:

## List of office holders
### List of priors

* Máel Brigte (Bricius), 1210x1211-1222x
* Unknown abbots
* Alan, fl. 1268
* Unknown abbots
* Bernard, fl. 1345
* Andrew Cant, 1357-1365
* Unknown abbots
* David de Kynnard, x 1420
* Richard de Donery, 1420-1426
* Robert de Kilconkar, 1424-1429
* Robert de Paisley, 1427-1429 x 1430
* John de Tulach, 1429
* William de Cupar, 1430-1444 x 1450
* William Crannach, 1430
* William Couys (Cowes), 1430-1434
* Laurence de Cupar, 1430
* Robert de Keith, 1434
* John de Luoris (Luchris), 1444
* David Hay, 1450-1464 x 1469
* Thomas Straton, 1469
* Alexander Spens, 1469-1489 x 1491
* John Dugut, x1489
* William Kermichael (Carmichael), 1489
* Robert Fairweather, 1486-1490
* Laurence Valles, 1490
* Bartholomew de Putellis, 1491
* Richard Strathauchin, 1497-1499 x 1509
* John Aitkenheid, 1509-1523

### List of commendators

* David Ferlie, 1522-1554 x 1558
* John Elphinstone, 1543-1554 x 1562
* Duncan Sviles, 1546
* John Stewart, 1558
* John Hay. 1558-1573
* Alexander Forbes, 1574-1577
* Robert Forbes, 1577-1614 x 1616
# Leigo Lakes

Leigo Lakes is a group of sixteen artificial lakes in Otepää Parish, Estonia.
# Lizaola

The surname Lizaola is of Italian origin mainly found in northern Italy, spreading also to Spain what was known as Basque country.
The meaning of the name is derived from two words “Liza (tall mountain) ola (Place).
The first immigration to the West was during the latter half of the 19th century, political unrest, paired with economic uncertainty, in many countries of the Old World resulted in a Diaspora that brought many people to North America. This was opportune because governments in the United States and Canada were actively recruiting laborers to work in the mines, railways and forestry camps. Thus, as the Old World suffered from systemic political and economic turmoil and the abuse of minorities, the New World offered land, opportunity and apparent tolerance of difference. For peasants whose families for generations had tended the estates of the gentry and for workers in mines, mills and industrial enterprises, the New World was a means of taking charge of their lives and improving the lot of the next generation.
After their migration, they headed south into Mexico during the late part of the 1800s finally settling in the surrounding areas of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico joining other Italian communities. The major ones established in the outskirts of Ameca, Jalisco, Mexico. Currently there are many living in the United States and Canada.
# R&L

R&L or R+L may refer to:
Relocation and linkage (R&L), an abbreviation in program development in computing
* Rhaegar + Lyanna = Jon, a fan theory regarding the Jon Snow character in the "A Song of Ice and Fire"/"Game of Thrones" fantasy series
* R+L Carriers, an American freight shipping company
* RL circuit, an electrical circuit consisting of R and L components
* R&L Education (Rowman & Littlefield), a publishing house
* Rhett & Link, YouTube duo from Buies Creek, North Carolina
# Saltusaphidinae

Saltusaphidinae is a subfamily of the family Aphididae.

## Genera
### Tribe: Saltusaphidini

Iziphya - Juncobia - Nevskya - Saltusaphis - Sminthuraphis - Strenaphis - Subiziphya

### Tribe: Thripsaphidini

Allaphis - Neosaltusaphis - Peltaphis - Subsaltusaphis - Thripsaphis
# Gerd Baltus

Gerd Baltus (29 March 1932 – 13 December 2019) was a German television actor.
Baltus was born in Bremen. While doing law studies Baltus became interested in acting. In 1952 he got his first theatre booking in Hamburg, later in Bonn, West Berlin and Munich.
Baltus became known to a broad public however above all as a regular guest with crime film series such as Derrick and Tatort. He had basic roles also in the miniseries PS (1975) and in the popular family saga Lorentz & Söhne [it], where he starred with Ernst Schröder and Hans Korte before the camera. Besides his film work Baltus worked extensively as a speaker of radio plays.
In 1964 he received the Federal Film Award for his work in the film The Blood of the Walsungs. He died in Hamburg.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1965 | The Blood of the Walsungs | Justus / Leutnant | |
| 1966 | I Am Looking for a Man | Studienrat Benzinger | |
| 1967 | Bonditis | Frank Born | |
| 1967 | Der Tod läuft hinterher [de] | Harry Brenton | 2 episodes |
| 1968 | Madame Legros [de] | Chevalier d'Angelot | TV film |
| 1968 | Komm nur, mein liebstes Vögelein [de] | Commentator | |
| 1968 | Der Idiot | Prince Myshkin | TV miniseries |
| 1969 | Rotmord | Ernst Toller | TV film |
| 1970 | The Age of the Fish | Teacher | |
| 1970 | Christmas Not Just Once a Year [de] | Narrator | TV film |
| 1973 | The Caretaker [de] | Aston | TV film |
| 1974 | Ein ganz perfektes Ehepaar | Robert Krieg | TV film |
| 1975–1976 | PS | Volker Schmitting | 8 episodes |
| 1975 | Der Strick um den Hals [de] | Galpin | TV miniseries |
| 1977–1994 | Derrick | Konrad Schreiber / Kubeck / Abel / Hahne / Dr. Schöler / Erich Kleemann / Lehrer / Karl Hauweg / Martin Schlehdorn | 9 episodes |
| 1978 | Die Anstalt | Dr. Steinhausen | |
| 1978 | Lean Times | Dr. Peter Helfrich | 12 episodes |
| 1985 | Angry Harvest | Geistlicher | |
| 1985 | Die Einsteiger | Direktor Kappellusch | |
| 1986 | Teufels Großmutter | Frank Engelhardt | 12 episodes |
| 1986 | Käthe Kollwitz | Sander | |
| 1988 | Lorentz & Söhne [it] | Gerhard Lorentz | 11 episodes |
| 1989–1992 | Mit Leib und Seele | Klaus Bardusch | 16 episodes |
| 1993–1997 | Ein Bayer auf Rügen | Donatius Domberger | 45 episodes |
| 1996 | Unser Lehrer Doktor Specht | Herr Hohlbein | 13 episodes |
| 1999 | Der Hochstapler | Sommer | TV film |
| 2003 | Tiger Eyes See Better [fr] | Gernot | TV film |
# Marolterode

Marolterode is a municipality in the Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis district of Thuringia, Germany. Located just east of another small town, Schlotheim, it is placed in between Bundesstraßen (federal roads) 249 and 84.
# Toksan Airport

Toksan Airport is an airport in Tŏksan-dong, Hamhŭng-si, Hamgyong-namdo, North Korea.

## Facilities

The airfield has a single concrete runway 05/23 measuring 8150 x 161 feet (2484 x 49 m). It is sited in a valley and has a full-length parallel taxiway. It is home to a fighter-bomber regiment of 24 MiG-21 jets.
# Montchaboud

Montchaboud (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.
# Prince Blanco

Prince Blanco is a singer and multi-instrumentalist based in Toronto. Performing and recording mainly as a reggae and ska artist, he also draws inspiration from punk rock and cumbia.
In 2010 Blanco won a Canadian JUNO Award for Reggae Recording of the Year along with producer Dubmatix for their single, Gonna Be Alright (7 Arts).
Prince Blanco is also known for being the executive producer of Shatter the Hotel: A Dub Inspired Tribute to Joe Strummer a compilation album whose proceeds benefitted The Joe Strummer Foundation.
From 2013-2015 Blanco co-hosted The Bassment Sessions a weekly radio broadcast hosted by Dubmatix,
As a vocalist and musician, Blanco still occasionally works with Dubmatix, Citizen Sound and other notable producers.
In 2021 he joined Toronto-based cumbia group, Cachada as a singer and percussionist, releasing two singles with them in early 2022.
In the late nineties, Prince Blanco was a singer and drummer with popular Toronto ska band, The Skanksters. From 2001 to 2005 he was a singer and percussionist with ska-lypso big band, The Liquidaires.

## Selected discography

| Year | Group | Title | Format | Label |
| 1997 | The Skanksters | Dub Cookery | Album | Simmerdown USA |
| 2003 | The Liquidaires | Looking Up | Album | Mojobrand |
| 2005 | Boogiewall Soundsystem | Supermyownband | Album | OhmGrown/Universal |
| 2005 | The Liquidaires | Meeting Place | Album | Mojobrand |
| 2006 | Prince Blanco & The Rocksteady Allstars | Prince Blanco & The Rocksteady Allstars | E.P. | Mojobrand |
| 2008 | Prince Blanco | Rebel Discothèque | Album | MojoBrand |
| 2008 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Don't Pressurize Me" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2008 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Gonna Be Alright" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2009 | Prince Blanco | "Tuff Dub" | Single | Citizen Sound |
| 2014 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Anarchy In The UK" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2020 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Israelites" | Single | 7 Arts |
# Lemek

Lemek is a settlement in Kenya's Narok County.
# Wilhelm T. Unge

Baron Wilhelm Theodor Unge was a military engineer who invented a telemeter and various improvements to artillery. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1845. He worked with Alfred Nobel to improve the range and accuracy of Hale rockets, by using improved propellants and launching from cannons. It is possible that one of his rockets carried the Nobel camera that made the first aerial photograph from a rocket in April 1897.
After Nobel died in 1896, Unge obtained patents for improved rockets, with some sold to several countries. In 1908 he sold his patents to Friedrich Krupp.
In 1977, Unge was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame.
# Litton, Mississippi

Litton, also known as Ivy, is an unincorporated community located in Bolivar County, Mississippi, United States. Litton is approximately 10 miles (16 km) east of Benoit and approximately 7 miles (11 km) north of Shaw.
A post office operated under the name Ivy from 1900 to 1913.
# Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital

The Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital (QIH) is a private hospital in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Founded in 2004 by Dr. Shaukat Ali Bangash MD, Diplomate American Board of Internal Medicine, Diplomate American Board of Infectious Diseases, Dr. Akram Bhatti, a Cardiac surgeon with Hospital in Las Vegas, NV, USA and Dr. Khalid Saleem Aslam, Orthopedic surgeon. The hospital provides a broad range of secondary and tertiary care, including diagnosis of disease and team management of patient care.

## Facilities

Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital (QIH) is a project of Global Health Services, which is a public limited company registered with SECP. The project is named after the Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, and it was inaugurated in 2011 on 25 December, celebrating the birthday of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah.
QIH has already started its out-patient clinics in Orthopedics, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Ophthalmology, Infectious Diseases, Pulmonology, General Surgery, Urology, Nephrology with Dialysis, Dentistry, Dermatology, Endocrinology, Obstetrics / Gynecology, ENT, Plastic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Neurology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Speech and Physiotherapy. All clinics are located with their respective IPD rooms on the same floor. Facilities of MRI, CT Scan, Gamma Camera, Fluoroscopy, Mammography, Ultrasound, CR, ETT, Echo, EKG, EEG, Angiography, Angioplasty, Knee and Hip Joint replacements, CABG (Bypass Surgery), Liver & Kidney Transplant and Cochlear Implant are available 24 Hours, 7 days a week.
All types of Lab Services including Hematology, Chemistry, Histopathology, Microbiology, Blood Bank etc., are available round the clock under the supervision of highly trained foreign qualified consultants.
# Hovhannes Bedros XVIII Kasparian

Hovhannes Bedros XVIII Kasparian, I.P.C.B. (in Armenian Յովհաննէս Պետրոս ԺԸ Գասպարեան; English: John Petros XVIII Kasparian, French: Jean Pierre XVIII Kasparian; 20 January 1927 – 16 January 2011) was the Armenian Catholic Catholicos-Patriarch of Cilicia from 1982-98 when he retired.

## Biography

Kasparian was born in Cairo and began his studies in 1943 at the Institut du Clergé Patriarcal de Bzommar. In 1946 he studied Philosophy and Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, Italy. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1952 and was vice-president of the Institut du Clergé Patriarcal de Bzommar and taught at Levonian School in Rome until 1957 when he was named as head of the Egyptian Armenian Catholic community. He was ordained as archbishop in 1972 and became Archbishop of Baghdad of the Armenian Catholic Church in Iraq starting 25 February 1973.
He was elected as the Catolicos-Patriarch of Cilicia of the Armenian Catholic Church in a synod meeting on 5 August 1982. The official ceremony was held in Bzommar, Lebanon on 12 September 1982. He ruled in difficult times of the Lebanese Civil War and its aftermath. After the declaration of the independence of Armenia, he also established a bishopric for the Armenian Catholics in Armenia, Georgia and its Armenian region of Javakheti.
Patriarch Kasparian retired in 1998 upon reaching the obligatory of 70 years according to the rules of the Armenian Catholic Church and withdrew to Bzommar. He died after a long illness on 16 January 2011, four days before his 84th birthday, in Lebanon.
# Port Terminal Railroad Association

The Port Terminal Railroad Association is an American terminal railroad that operates 185 miles (298 km) of track at the Port of Houston in Houston, Texas. It is an independent association comprising Port of Houston Authority, the Houston Belt & Terminal Railway, Union Pacific Railroad, BNSF Railway and Kansas City Southern Railway.
# Martići

Martići (Cyrillic: Мартићи; Albanian: Martiq) is a village in the municipality of Bar, Montenegro. It is located in the Skadarska Krajina region, by Lake Skadar.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, its population was 293.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Albanians | 286 | 97.6% |
| other/undeclared | 7 | 2.4% |
| Total | 293 | 100% |
# Moot Hall, St Albans

The Moot Hall is a former municipal building in the Market Place in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. The building, which now operates as two shops with office space above, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The first moot hall was a medieval structure which had been built on the site of George Smith's Town Hall and dated back at least to the 14th century. It was in the first moot hall that 15 rebels, who took part in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381, were tried and convicted of destroying property and records belonging to St Albans Abbey.
The current moot hall, further to the south in the Market Place, was designed in the Tudor style using timber frame construction, and was completed around 1570. The design of the new building involved an asymmetrical main frontage of three bays facing onto the Market Place with a side elevation of eight bays stretching down Upper Dagnall Street. The first floor involved extensive use of jettied timber framing allowing the creation of extra space for the meeting room on that floor. A series of sash windows were installed on the first floor in the 18th century. Internally, the principal room was a long meeting room on the first floor known as the "town hall"; to the east of the meeting room i.e. at the front of the building was the jury room and to the west of the meeting room i.e. at the back was the council chamber. On the ground floor, there was a couple of rooms to accommodate the keeper, some stables for horses and a lock-up for incarcerating petty criminals.
The building was the venue for the quarter sessions for the Liberty of St Albans and also hosted meetings of the borough council until the council moved to the new Town Hall in 1826. The building was acquired by Harry Boome of London Colney in 1831. Part of the building was leased to the Hertfordshire Advertiser which printed its first edition there in 1855. The Boome family sold the building to Robert Gibbs, one of the founders of the Hertfordshire Advertiser, in 1884. Much of the building was then leased to a branch of WHSmith, and although St Albans Borough Council re-acquired ownership of the building in 1963, WHSmith has continued to occupy much of the building ever since.
# Leon Mrejeriu

Leon Mrejeriu (February 10, 1879 – May 14, 1945) was a Romanian teacher, folklorist and journalist.
Born in Cotârgași, Suceava County, in the Romanian Old Kingdom, Mrejeriu attended six grades of primary school in nearby Broșteni, followed by two years of gymnasium in Fălticeni and the Vasile Lupu Normal School of Iași from 1894 to 1899. He was a teacher in Crucea village from 1899 to 1904. He then taught in Doamna (1904), at the orphanage in Zorleni (1904–1908), in Poiana Teiului and the nearby village of Călugăreni (1908–1914) and Târgu Neamț (1914–1916). He ultimately settled at a primary school in Piatra Neamț, remaining there until his retirement in 1936. He was a school inspector in Neamț County. He held a similar position from 1914 to 1916 in the newly acquired town of Silistra, where he established the Romanian school. He served in World War I, attaining the rank of captain and being decorated with the Orders of Saint Ana, of the Crown and of the Star of Romania.
Following the creation of Greater Romania, Mrejeriu was a cultural propagandist in Bessarabia and a school inspector in Transylvania and Bukovina. He served in the Assembly of Deputies and was Prefect of Neamț County. As such, he helped build over a hundred primary schools in the county, where he founded a girls’ high school, for which he also ensured a new building. Together with Mihail Lupescu and Tudor Pamfile, he founded Ion Creangă magazine in Zorleni. Additional contributions of his appeared in Șezătoarea, Convorbiri Literare, Vestitorul Satelor, Calendarul Satelor, Albina, Revista Generala a Învățământului and Învățământul Primar. He died in Mizil and was reburied in Piatra Neamț in 1968.
# Mohammad Asaduzzaman

Mohammad Asaduzzaman (c. 1948 – 28 March 2008) was a Bangladeshi educator. He was a professor in the Public Administration Department of Dhaka University and Chairman of the University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (UGC). He was awarded the Ekushey Padak in 2006.
Asaduzzaman died of cardiac arrest at Birdem Hospital in Dhaka on 28 March 2008.
# Lizotte

Lizotte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Abel Lizotte (1870–1926), Major League Baseball first baseman who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1896
* Alan Lizotte, American criminologist
* Blake Lizotte (born 1997), American ice hockey player
* Fernand Lizotte (1904–1996), Canadian politician and a five-term Member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec
* Linda Lizotte-MacPherson, Canadian public servant
* Louis Philippe Lizotte (1891–1972), Quebec political figure
* Mark Lizotte (born 1966), American-born Australian musician who uses the pseudonym Diesel
* Simon Lizotte, German professional disc golfer
* Simonne Lizotte, independent candidates for public office in Nicolet, Quebec
# R.Pattanam

R. Pattanam is a village in Rasipuram taluk, Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. The residents' major occupation is agriculture. Here it has two lakes Pattanam lake which is largest lake in Rasipuram taluk and alathoor lake. Both collect the rain water through canal from the bodhamalai hills.
# Saluda, Virginia

Saluda is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of Middlesex County, Virginia, United States.

## History

The Middlesex County Courthouse was built between 1850 and 1874 by architects William R. Jones and John P. Hill, and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. A new courthouse complex was built in the 2003–2004 time-frame, but the opening was stalled due to various construction problems, leading to a legal dispute between the County board and the contractor. It was eventually opened in 2007.
An older notable building is the Christ Church. The highly decorated Marine, veteran of the Banana Wars, World War II, and the Korean War, Lieutenant General Lewis Burwell "Chesty" Puller was raised in Saluda. He died in Hampton, Virginia in 1971, and was buried in historic Christ Church's Cemetery near Saluda.

## Demographics

The population stated in the 2010 Census was 769. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 627. According to the 2020 Census, Saluda has a 55.6% employment rate, 228 total houses with 125 belonging to families, and a medium income of $115,221 with a 10.7% poverty rate. Out of the population, 451 are white, 134 are black, 28 are mixed race, 1 is Asian, 1 is Native American, and 12 are other.