OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Methven

Sir Malcolm John Methven (14 February 1926 – 23 April 1980) was a British businessman, and Director General of the Confederation of British Industry from 2 July 1976 to 23 April 1980.

## Life

Malcolm John Methven was born on 14 February 1926 in Ledbury, the son of Lieutenant-Colonel Malcolm David Methven OBE, and his wife, Helen Marion Watson.
Methven was educated at Mill Hill School and then studied law at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. There he was a Tapp exhibitioner. He gained his law tripos in 1949 and qualified as a solicitor in 1950.
He joined Birmingham Corporation as a lawyer in 1952 but left local government in 1957 to serve as lawyer to ICI (metals) in Birmingham, later relocating to Millbank in London. In 1968 he was placed in charge of purchasing and in 1970 became Deputy Chairman of ICI's Mond division. He left ICI in 1973 to become the first Director General of the newly created Office of Fair Trading. In 1976 he became Director General of the Confederation of British Industry.
Methven was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1978.
He died in King Edward VII Hospital, London on 23 April 1980 of a heart attack following a routine operation aged 54.

## Family

In 1952 he married Margaret Field Nicholas, daughter of Air Commodore Charles Henry Nicholas (1894-1966). They had three daughters before divorce in 1977.
Later in 1977 he married Karen Jane Caldwell, daughter of Walter Anderson Caldwell, a research chemist.

## Artistic Recognition

A bronze bust of Methven by Franta Belsky stands at the entrance of the Methven Room at CBI headquarters at Centre Point in London.
# John Methuen

John Methuen may refer to:
* John Methuen (priest), Anglican priest
* John Methuen (diplomat), English diplomat, judge and member of parliament
* John Methuen, 6th Baron Methuen, British peer
# Alexander Pipa

Alexander Pipa (born 12 June 1983) is a retired German international rugby union player, playing for the TSV Handschuhsheim in the Rugby-Bundesliga and the German national rugby union team.
He was born in Heidelberg, and has been playing rugby since 1996.
Pipa has also played for the Germany's 7's side in the past, like at the 2008 and 2009 Hannover Sevens and the 2009 London Sevens. He was also part of the German Sevens side at the World Games 2005 in Duisburg, where Germany finished 8th.
In the 2008–09 and 2009-10 seasons, Pipa was the top try scorer in the Bundesliga with 22 tries in each season. After the 2010-11 season, Pipa retired from the sport to concentrate on his private life and his job career.

## Honours
### Club

* German rugby union championship
** Runners up: 2005
* German rugby union cup
** Winners: 2005

### National team

* European Nations Cup - Division 2
** Champions: 2008

### Personal

* Rugby-Bundesliga
** Top try scorer: 2008-09, 2009–10

## Stats

Alexander Pipa's personal statistics in club and international rugby:

### Club

| Year | Club | Division | Games | Tries | Con | Pen | DG | Place |
| 2008-09 | TSV Handschuhsheim | Rugby-Bundesliga | 13 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6th |
| 2009-10 | TSV Handschuhsheim | Rugby-Bundesliga | 18 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4th — Semi-finals |
| 2010-11 | TSV Handschuhsheim | Rugby-Bundesliga | 15 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3rd — Semi-finals |
* As of 21 August 2011

### National team
#### European Nations Cup

| Year | Team | Competition | Games | Points | Place |
| 2006-2008 | Germany | European Nations Cup Second Division | 2 | 0 | Champions |
| 2008-2010 | Germany | European Nations Cup First Division | 3 | 0 | 6th — Relegated |

#### Friendlies & other competitions

| Year | Team | Competition | Games | Points |
| 2007 | Germany | Friendly | 1 | 5 |
| 2009 | Germany | Friendly | 1 | 5 |
* As of 21 March 2010
# Alexander Pituk

Alexander (Sándor) Pituk (October 26, 1904 in Banská Štiavnica – April 30, 2002 in Banská Štiavnica) was a Slovak and Hungarian chess problem composer and judge.
He resided all his life in Banská Štiavnica and worked as a carpenter. He was appointed an International Judge of Chess Compositions and was awarded the FIDE Master for Chess Composition and the title of Honorary Master of Chess Composition. He is author of 584 compositions (60 of them award-winners). His brother József Viktorián Pituk (1906–1991) was an established painter in Budapest.
# Alexander Pitcairn

Alexander Pitcairn (1750 – 17 November 1814) was an English cricketer who played in nine first-class matches in 1791 and 1792.
Pitcairn was born in 1750 and educated at Harrow School. He made his first-class debut for an MCC side against a Middlesex XI at Lord's Old Ground in May 1791. After playing in two more first-class matches during the year, he played in six in 1792. Five of Pitcairn's nine matches were for MCC sides; he also played for the Gentlemen of England, Gentlemen of Kent, a Hampshire XI and a team organised by Thomas Assheton Smith. In total he scored 152 first-class runs, with a highest score of 34.
Pitcairn died at Eynsford, Kent in 1814.
# Alexander Pistohlkors

Alexander Erichovich von Pistohlkors (6 June 1885 in Saint Petersburg – 8 September 1941 in Brest, France) was a Russian Imperial Guard officer who was known for his cruelty in putting down the rebellion following the Russian Revolution of 1905.

## Background and connections

Pistohlkors was born into the Pistohlkors noble family that is of Finnish origin [fi; ru]. He was the son of Olga Valerianovna Karnovich by her first husband, Major general Erich Gerhard Augustinovich von Pistohlkors (1853–1935), from whom she was divorced before her second marriage in 1902.
Through his mother's second marriage to Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia, he was a stepbrother of Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia, one of the co-conspirators in the murder of Grigori Rasputin. His younger sister, Marianne, was also allegedly a co-conspirator in the murder.
Pistohlkors was the husband of Alexandra Taneyeva, a Rasputin follower and the sister of the Tsarina's lady in waiting, Anna Vyrubova.

## Exile

Pistohlkors was a minor government official under Tsar Nicholas II's rule. Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia was the godmother for his eldest daughter, Tatiana. Pistohlkors and his wife also had two younger daughters, Olga and Alexandra.
The Pistohlkors family fled to Finland in 1916 when the Russian political situation worsened, and he had estates in the Baltic countries. His daughter, Olga Ramel (1912–2011), later settled in Sweden.
# John Prest (cricketer)

John Beevor Prest (28 May 1826 – 15 August 1871) was an English first-class cricketer.
The son of John and Arabella Prest, he moved with his brother William to Sheffield when their father bought a wine business. There he played first-class cricket for Sheffield (also known as Yorkshire), making two appearances against Manchester in 1852 and 1854, with both matches taking place there. He scored 22 runs in his two matches, with a high score of 12. He died in Lincoln in August 1871.
# John Preston

John Preston may refer to:

## Politicians

* John Preston (died 1434), Member of Parliament (MP) for Sussex
* John Preston (c. 1578 – c. 1642), MP for Lancaster
* John Preston (alderman) (1611–1686), mayor of Dublin in 1654
* John Preston (died 1732), MP for County Meath
* John Preston (died 1753), MP for Navan
* John Preston (died 1781), MP for Navan
* John Preston, 1st Baron Tara (1764–1821), Irish politician
* John B. Preston, first Surveyor General of the Oregon Territory

## Fiction

* John Preston, a fictional character in the 2002 feature film Equilibrium
* John James Preston, a fictional character in the American TV series Sex and the City
* Alias John Preston, a 1955 British horror film

## Military

* John S. Preston (1809–1881), American Civil War general
* John Preston (Medal of Honor) (1841–1885), American Civil War sailor and Medal of Honor recipient
* John F. Preston, United States Army officer, Inspector General
* John Thomas Lewis Preston, American educator and military officer from Virginia

## Others

* John Preston (rebel) (died 1381), participant in Peasants' Revolt
* John Preston (priest) (1587–1628), English clergyman
* John Preston, Lord Fentonbarns (died 1616), Scottish judge
* John Preston (settler) (1699–1747), Irish immigrant to America, founder of the Preston dynasty
* John Preston (luthier), 18th-century English guitar and cittern maker
* John W. Preston (1877–1958), American judge
* Jack Preston (John Preston), English rugby league player of the 1900s
* Johnny Preston (1939–2011), American pop music singer
* John Preston (American author) (1945–1994), American author of gay erotica
* John Preston (music executive) (1950–2017), British music industry executive
* John Preston (English author) (born 1953), English journalist and novelist
* John G. Preston (born 1960s), American film and stage actor
* John Preston (dog handler) (?–2008), law enforcement officer whose dog was involved in controversial criminal cases in Florida
* John T. Preston, venture capitalist and entrepreneur
# Alexander Johansson

Alexander Johansson may refer to:
* Alexander Johansson (ice hockey) (born 1988), Swedish ice hockey forward
* Alexander Johansson (footballer, born 1995), Swedish football forward
* Alexander Johansson (footballer, born 2000), Swedish football striker
# Alexandra W. Busch

Alexandra Wilhelmine Busch (born 1975) is a German Roman archaeologist. She is the director general of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum.

## Life

Busch was born in Neuss in 1975. She began studying Classical archaeology, ancient history, and prehistory at the University of Cologne in 1995. She received her doctorate in 2004. Her dissertation was on "Urban Culture in the Roman Empire".
In 2005/06 she received a grant from the German Archaeological Institute and was a trainee and then a research consultant at the Xanten Archaeological Park [de] from 2006 to 2008. She then worked at the German Archaeological Institute at Rome, first as a general consultant, then as head of the photo library. In 2011 she published "Militär in Rom" which describes the military forces stationed within Imperial Rome. From the reign of Augustus there were 10,000–40,000 soldiers barracked in Rome and her book records their history. In 2013 she became a corresponding member of the German Archaeological Institute.
In May 2014, Busch became the Director of Collections, Library, Archives and IT, as well as Head of Roman Archaeology, at the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz. In October 2018 she became the General Director of the museum. Busch replaced Falko Daim, who had retired the year before. Busch has announced plans to create a new building at the museum by 2020.
Busch is a professor of archaeology at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz.
# John Raven (cricketer)

John Earle Reynolds Raven (23 April 1851 – 3 April 1940) was an English cricketer. Raven was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Broughton Astley, Leicestershire.
Raven made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at The Oval in 1874. In this match, he bowled 18 wicketless overs in Surrey's first-innings as they compiled 348 all out, while in Sussex's first-innings he batted at number eleven and was dismissed for 10 runs by James Southerton, with Sussex being dismissed for 147. Sussex were forced to follow-on, with Raven scoring 4 runs before being dismissed by James Street, with Sussex being dismissed for 199. Surrey won the match by an innings and 2 runs. This was his only major appearance for Sussex.
Raven died at Nutfield, Surrey on 3 April 1940, at the age of 89.
# Alexander Nedoshivin

Aleksandr Mixaylovich Nedoshivin (March 14, 1868 in Kazan – March, 1943, Russian Orthodox Cemetery, Nice) was 27 years a tax specialist at the Ministry of Finance in Imperial Russia, later a lawyer for 10 years. In 1920 he left the country and became a priest in 1927. In 1928 he became priest of the Russian Orthodox Church in Leipzig.
In 1910 he learned Esperanto and was one of the founders of the Esperanto Society at Kaunas, Lithuania. In Saint Petersburg he founded the International Esperanto Chamber of Commerce (Internacian Esperantan Komercan Ĉambron) which received subsidy. His work for Esperanto was supported by his wife (died 1926) and his daughter.
# John Marshall (MP for Cambridge)

John Marshall (fl. 1384–1392), of Cambridge, was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Cambridge in April 1384 and September 1388. He was mayor of Cambridge from September 1391 to 1392.
# John P. McKay

John P. McKay (died November 24, 2022) born in St. Louis, Missouri, was a professor of history and an author. He received his B.A. from Wesleyan University in 1961, and his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1968. He became a professor of history at the University of Illinois in 1976, where he held the position of Professor Emeritus of history. McKay specialized in modern French history, and nineteenth-century European economic and social history. McKay died on November 24, 2022, in Champaign, Illinois.
In 1970 McKay won the Herbert Baxter Adams Prize for his book Pioneers for Profit: Foreign Entrepreneurship and Russian Industrialization, 1885-1913 (1970). He has translated Jules Michelet's The People (1973) and has written Tramways and Trolleys: The Rise of Urban Mass Transport in Europe (1976), as well as more than a hundred articles, book chapters and reviews. He contributed to Imagining the Twentieth Century (1997), edited by Charles C. Stewart and Peter Fritzsche, as well as Europe, 1789-1914 (2006), edited by John Merriman and Jay Winters.
Among other publications, McKay has written the textbooks A History of World Societies and A History of Western Society, both published in several editions. A History of Western Society is often used in Advanced Placement European History classes.
# John P. McNichols

John P. McNichols, S.J. (February 24, 1875 - April 26, 1932) was an American Jesuit priest who served as the president of University of Detroit from 1921 until his death in 1932.
McNichols organized and oversaw the move of the university from its downtown campus on Jefferson Avenue to its current location at Livernois and Six Mile Road (renamed McNichols Road after his death). McNichols bought the 42 acres that would become the current campus in 1921 for $120,000. He also moved the University of Detroit Jesuit High School from Jefferson Avenue to Seven Mile Road., and founded the Jesuit parish of Gesu just north of the campus in 1922.
# John Samson (filmmaker)

John Samson (1946–2004) was a Scottish independent filmmaker.
Samson was born in Ayrshire and grew up in Paisley. After leaving school at the age of 16 he worked as an apprentice in Clydeside; here he became involved with the trade unionist movement. He also joined the Anarchist movement, and participated in a number of strikes and demonstrations. He left his apprenticeship and enrolled in the Glasgow School of Art in 1963; later, after learning photography and the guitar, he began making documentary films. His first film, Charlie, gained him a scholarship to the National Film School.
Samson was not a prolific artist, producing only five films over an eight-year career. He won a BAFTA and a Peabody in 1984 for The Skin Horse, and produced a documentary on the darts player Eric Bristow entitled Arrows. His other films were Britannia, a study of train enthusiasts, Dressing for Pleasure, which examines fetishism, and Tattoo a film about tattoo artistry. Samson's films did not generally use narration.
# Alferce

Alferce is a freguesia (parish) in the Monchique Municipality (Algarve, Portugal). The population in 2011 was 441, in an area of 96.12 km².
Lies in this area remains of a medieval fortress from Muslim rule in Portugal known in Islamic sources ( Hillah Sirah of Ibn Abbar & others ) as حصن المرجيق - Monchique fortress.
The fortress was captured in 1144 by the followers of Ibn Qasi from the Almoravids. Less than a century later, it became part of the Kingdom of Portugal who seized the fortress from Ibn Mahfuz ( Aben Mahfot in
Spanish sources ) , then leader of the Algarve region & Niebla ( Dawlah Islam fil Andalus - Abdullah bin Inan ).
# Alfeo (name)

Alfeo is a male Italian given name, and sometimes a surname, derived from the Greek Alphaios (Αλφαιος), itself based on Greek alphe (ἀλφὴ). Notable people with the name include:

## Given name

* Alfeo (Ludovico Ariosto character), character from the Orlando Furioso
* Alfeo Brandimarte, Italian naval officer
* Alfeo Brum, Uruguayan politician
* Alfeo Mizzau, Italian politician
# Alfred Glover

Alfred Charles Stirrup Glover (19 April 1872 – 22 May 1949) was an English cricketer. He was a middle-order right-handed batsman and an occasionally effective right-arm medium bowler who played first-class cricket for Warwickshire between 1895 and 1909. He was captain of Warwickshire in 1908 and 1909. He was born in Longton, Stoke-on-Trent, and died at Kenilworth, Warwickshire.
# Alfa Romeo Tipo A

Alfa Romeo Tipo A or Alfa Romeo Tipo A Monoposto was the first monoposto (single-seater) racing car, designed by Alfa Romeo. The car had two 6C 1750 straight-6 engines and gearboxes assembled side by side. Producing 230 bhp (172 kW), the car had top speed of 149 mph (240 km/h).
The car's best racing achievement was in the Coppa Acerbo of 1931; Tazio Nuvolari was third with Giuseppe Campari winning. Luigi Arcangeli was killed at Monza in 1931 while practising with this car for the Italian GP. The car's complex design ultimately led to it being very unreliable; Jano started to design a new car, the Tipo B (P3), to fix this problem. The Tipo A was made in only four examples and only one replica exists today in Alfa Romeo Historical Museum in Arese.
# John Steele House

John Steele House may refer to:
* John Steele House (Stoneham, Massachusetts), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
* John Steele House (Salisbury, North Carolina), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Rowan County, North Carolina
* John Steele House (Toquerville, Utah), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Utah
# John Steele Gordon

John Steele Gordon (born May 7, 1944) is an American writer who specializes in the history of business and finance.
Born and raised in New York City, he graduated from Vanderbilt University. After spending some time in publishing, he left to travel, driving from England to India and back and from New York to Tierra del Fuego, returning as far as Rio de Janeiro. His first book was on how to do this type of overland traveling. After working in politics for a few years as a press secretary for two congressmen, he wrote his first book on financial history, The Scarlet Woman of Wall Street (1988), a history of Wall Street in the 1860s. His history of the national debt, Hamilton's Blessing, was published in 1997 (2nd edition, 2010). In 2004 he published a history of the American economy, An Empire of Wealth. He has written on technological history, including A Thread Across the Ocean, the story of laying the Atlantic cable in the mid-19th century, and Washington's Monument, a history of the monument and obelisks in general. Gordon wrote the Business of America column for American Heritage for 15 years and The Long View column for Barron's for ten years. He currently writes a column on banking history for the ABA banking journal. His op-eds and book reviews appear frequently in the Wall Street Journal and elsewhere. In 2019, Mr. Gordon wrote on global warming from a skeptical point of view for Commentary.
# Alford railway station

Alford railway station is a former railway station in Alford, Aberdeenshire which now serves as a terminus for tourist narrow gauge railway, the Alford Valley Railway. The station used to be the terminus of a line, also called the Alford Valley Railway, from Kintore where it joined the Great North of Scotland Railway main line.

## History

Opened by the Great North of Scotland Railway it became part of the London and North Eastern Railway during the Grouping of 1923, passing on to the Scottish Region of British Railways during the nationalisation of 1948. It was then closed by British Railways.

## The site today

The station is now the terminus of the Alford Valley Railway. The northern part of the site, which was the former goods yard, was later redeveloped as the home of the Grampian Transport Museum.

## Services

| Preceding station | | Disused railways | | Following station |
| Terminus | | Great North of Scotland Railway Alford Valley Railway (GNoSR) | | Whitehouse Line and station closed |
| | Proposed Heritage railways | Proposed Heritage railways | Proposed Heritage railways | |
| Terminus | | Alford Valley Railway 3/4-mile of 2ft gauge line | | Whitehouse |
# John Travers (MP)

John Travers (fl. 1307) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lancashire in January 1307.
# Border Crossings

Border Crossings may refer to:
* Border Crossings (radio show), an all-request, music-oriented radio show broadcast by the Voice of America
* Border Crossings (magazine), a Canadian magazine about contemporary Canadian and international art and culture
* Border checkpoint
# Heritage Place (Lagos)

The Heritage Place is a 14-story office building in Alfred Rewane Road, Ikoyi, Lagos and the first LEED certified building in Nigeria. The building comprises 14 floors of approximately 15,736sqm of office space and 350 parking bays. It was completed on 15 February 2016 and it currently has a tenancy level of 91%. The sustainable features include a 30-40 % reduction in energy use, a double volume reception, suspended ceilings, raised floors, a cafe and coffee shop, plaza as well as flexible floor plate sizes from 450sqm up to 2,000sqm.
# Pushkin High School

Pushkin High School is a comprehensive high school in the city of Berezniki in Perm Krai oblast, Russia. Former Russian president Boris Yeltsin was educated there. There is also a high school by the same name in the city of Syktyvkar in Komi, Russia.