OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adrenodoxin reductase

Adrenodoxin reductase (Enzyme Nomenclature name: adrenodoxin-NADP+ reductase, EC 1.18.1.6), was first isolated from bovine adrenal cortex where it functions as the first enzyme in the mitochondrial P450 systems that catalyze essential steps in steroid hormone biosynthesis. Examination of complete genome sequences revealed that adrenodoxin reductase gene is present in most metazoans and prokaryotes.

## Nomenclature

The name of the enzyme was coined based on its function to reduce a [2Fe-2S] (2 iron, 2 sulfur) electron-transfer protein that was named adrenodoxin. Later, in some studies, the enzyme was also referred to as a "ferredoxin reductase", as adrenodoxin is a ferredoxin. In the human gene nomenclature, the standard name is ferredoxin reductase and the symbol is FDXR, with ADXR specified as a synonym.
The assignment of the name "ferredoxin reductase" has been criticized as a misnomer because determination of the structure of adrenodoxin reductase revealed that it is completely different from that of plant ferredoxin reductase and there is no homology between these two enzymes. With more proteins with a ferroxodin-reducing activity discovered in both families as well as novel families, this enzyme activity is now seen as an example of convergent evolution.

## Function

Adrenodoxin reductase is a flavoprotein as it carries a FAD type coenzyme. The enzyme functions as the first electron transfer protein of mitochondrial P450 systems such as P450scc. The FAD coenzyme receives two electrons from NADPH and transfers them one at a time to the electron transfer protein adrenodoxin. Adrenodoxin functions as a mobile shuttle that transfers electrons between ADXR and mitochondrial P450s.
It catalyzes the following reaction:
    NADPH + 2 oxidized adrenodoxin —→ 2 reduced adrenodoxin + NADP$^+$ + H$^+$

## Gene structure

The cDNA for adrenodoxin reductase was first cloned in 1987. In both bovine and human genomes there is only a single copy of the gene.

## Sites of expression

ADXR gene is expressed in all tissues that have mitochondrial P450s. The highest levels of the enzyme are found in the adrenal cortex, granulosa cells of the ovary and leydig cells of the testis that specialize in steroid hormone synthesis. Immmunofluorescent staining shows that enzyme is localized in mitochondria. The enzyme is also expressed in the liver, the kidney and the placenta.

## Enzyme structure

Adrenodoxin reductase has two domains that bind NADPH and FAD separately. The FAD and NADP binding sites of the enzyme were predicted by sequence analysis of the enzyme.
While the FAD-binding site has a consensus sequence (Gly-x-Gly-x-x-Gly) that is similar to other Rossmann folds in FAD and NAD binding sites, the NADPH binding site consensus sequence differs from the FAD-binding site by the substitution of an alanine instead of the last Gly (Gly-x-Gly-x-x-Ala). The location of these FAD and NADP binding sites were confirmed by the crystal structure of the enzyme.
# Adulis (moth)

Adulis is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Émile Louis Ragonot in 1891.

## Species

* Adulis serratalis Ragonot, 1891
* Adulis distrigalis Ragonot, 1891
# Adım Adım Initiative

Adım Adım ("step-by-step" in Turkish) is a volunteer-based social initiative in Turkey that promotes charitable giving through sponsorship for sports like running, cycling, swimming and trekking. Formed in 2007, Adım Adım is Turkey's first charity running group and as of 2011 it was the largest amateur running group in the country.
Adım Adım is the official social responsibility partner of Intercontinental Istanbul Eurasia Marathon and the Antalya Marathon. Figures provided by Adım Adım show it has helped raise donations in excess of USD 1 million in conjunction with major running events and other sports competitions over the past three years, USD 250,000 of which was collected during the first quarter of 2011.

## Projects

Unlike many other similar initiatives Adım Adım works for more than one charity organization acting only as an intermediary for collecting donations. Upon choosing the organizations they follow, Adim Adim says they consider criteria like the social utility of a project, transparency and accountability.
Adım Adım runners, swimmers, walkers and cyclists supported the following projects during 2007-2011:
* Buğday Association - TaTuTa Organic Farm Stays Project
* The Educational Volunteers Foundation of Turkey (TEGV) - Midyat and Savur, Mardin “Ateşböceği” Mobile Education Unit Project
* Turkish Spinal Injury Association (TOFD) - Motorized Wheelchair Project
* Community Volunteers Foundation (TOG) - Scholarships and “Gençlere Değer” projects
# Jeronimo Barreto

Jeronimo Barreto may refer to:
* Captain-Major Jerónimo Barreto, colonial head of Mozambique 1564–1567
* Jerónimo Barreto, Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Funchal 1573–1585
* Cacau (Claudemir Jerônimo Barreto, born 1981), Brazilian-born German footballer
# Adílson

Adílson is a Portuguese-language given name.
Notable people with the name include:
* Adílson Alves Moreira (born 1943), Brazilian football midfielder
* Adilson da Silva (born 1972), Brazilian professional golfer in South Africa
* Adílson dos Santos (born 1976), Brazilian footballer
* Adilson E. Motter (born 1974), Brazilian-born American-based scientist working at Northwestern University
* Adílson Ferreira de Souza (born 1978), Brazilian footballer
* Adílson José Pinto (born 1965), Brazilian football defender
* Adilson Nascimento (1951–2009), Brazilian basketball player
* Adílson Rodrigues "Maguila" (born 1958), former Brazilian heavyweight boxer
* Adilson Soares Cassamá (born 1983), Guinea-Bissauan football (soccer) midfielder
* Adilson Tavares Varela (born 1988), Cape Verdean-Swiss footballer
* Adilson Tibes Granemann (born 1982), Brazilian footballer
* Adílson Warken, Brazilian footballer
* Adílson Cândido de Souza, Brazilian football goalkeeper
* Adílson Dias Batista, Brazilian footballer
* Adílson Luíz Anastácio, Brazilian footballer
* Adilson (Portuguese footballer), Portuguese footballer
Additionally in the Portuguese language Wikipedia:
* pt:Adílson Alves da Silva "Mestre Adílson" (1952), Brazilian capoeirista
* pt:Adílson Ramos (1945), Brazilian singer
* pt:Adílson Heleno, Brazilian footballer
* pt:Adilson Marques, Brazilian spiritualist
* pt:Adílson Soares, Brazilian politician
* pt:Adilson Marcelino Alves, Brazilian criminal
* pt:Adilsom Antônio Martins, Brazilian spiritualist
# Aemilius Magnus Arborius

Aemilius Magnus Arborius (4th century) was a Gallo-Roman Latin poet and professor. He was the author of a poem in ninety-two lines in elegiac verse, titled Ad Nympham nimis cultam, which cleverly alludes to Classical authors. The poem was reprinted in several later anthologies. Arborius was a rhetorician at Tolosa (Toulouse) in Gaul. He was the maternal uncle of the poet Ausonius, who in his Parentalia praises him and mentions that he enjoyed the friendship of the brothers of the emperor Constantine I, when they lived at Tolosa, and was afterwards called to Constantinople to superintend the education of one of the Caesars.
# AffrontTheater

AffrontTheater is a theatre group active in Salzburg, Austria.
# Jeong Nala

The Jeong Nala, also called Jiwan Nala and Nacho Chu, and called Xidagou (Chinese: 西大沟; pinyin: Xī dà gōu) by China, a tributary of the Shyok River (which in turn is a tributary of Indus River), flows from the disputed Aksai Chin region administered by China to Ladakh in India. It originates at the eastern edge of the Karakoram Range and flows west. It finally confluences in the Indian administered area with the Burtsa Nala on Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road (DSDBO Road), and Burtsa Nala itself falls into Shyok River after flowing 7 km south. After the confluence of Jeong Nala with Burtsa Nala, the entire course of river flows along the DSDBO Road to Shyok village.

## Geography

The Jeong Nala is to the south of Depsang Plains, with the Chip Chap River flowing through it, and the Depsang Bulge, which houses the valley of the Raki Nala. All the three rivers are tributaries of the Shyok River.
Just 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the south of Jeong Nala, the Karakash River flows east, while Jeong flows west. China's Heweitan military base is situated on the bank of Karakash, which is also able to strategically control the valley of the Jeong Nala. The Tiankong Highway connecting Heweitan and Tianwendian bases passes through the Jeong valley. China also has constructed a motorable road in the Jeong valley to access the Line of Actual Control with India.
# Aethiopia paratanganjicae

Aethiopia paratanganjicae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1971.
# Jerzy Swatoń

Jerzy Swatoń (24 May 1947 – 4 July 2024) was a Polish politician. He served as Minister of Environment from 2004 to 2005.
Swatoń died on 4 July 2024, at the age of 77.
# Aetna (nymph)

Aetna (Ancient Greek: Αἴτνη Aἴtnē) was in Greek and Roman mythology a Sicilian nymph and, according to Alcimus, a daughter of Uranus and Gaia or of Briareus. Stephanus of Byzantium says that according to one account Aetna was a daughter of Oceanus. Simonides said that she had acted as arbitrator between Hephaestus and Demeter respecting the possession of Sicily. By Zeus or Hephaestus she became the mother of the Palici.
Mount Etna in Sicily was believed to have derived its name from her and under it Zeus buried Typhon, Enceladus, or Briareus. The mountain itself was believed to be the place in which Hephaestus and the Cyclopes made the thunderbolts for Zeus.
# Agios Georgios

Agios Georgios (Greek: Άγιος Γεώργιος, for Saint George) may refer to the following places:

## In Greece

* In Achaea:
** Agios Georgios Langoura, a neighbourhood in Patras
** Agios Georgios Riou, older name for Rio
* Agios Georgios, Aetolia-Acarnania, part of Missolonghi, Aetolia-Acarnania
* Agios Georgios, Arcadia part of the municipality of North Kynouria, Arcadia
* Agios Georgios, Boeotia, part of the municipal unit of Koroneia, Boeotia
* Agios Georgios Sykousis, a village in the municipal unit of Kampochora, Chios
* Agios Georgios, Corfu, a municipal unit in the island of Corfu
* In Attica:
** Agios Georgios (island) an uninhabited island in the Saronic archipelago, at the mouth of the Saronic Gulf
* In Elis:
** Agios Georgios, Andravida, part of the municipal unit of Andravida
** Agios Georgios, Pyrgos, part of Pyrgos
* Agios Georgios, Euboea, part of the municipal unit of Avlon, Euboea
* Agios Georgios, Grevena, a village in the municipal unit Irakleotes, Grevena regional unit
* Agios Georgios, Imathia, part of the municipal unit of Dovras, Imathia
* Agios Georgios, Karditsa, part of the municipal unit of Mitropoli, Karditsa regional unit
* Agios Georgios, Laconia part of the municipal unit of Voies, Laconia
* In the Larissa regional unit:
** Agios Georgios, Farsala, part of the municipal unit of Enippeas
** Agios Georgios, Kileler, part of the municipal unit of Krannonas
* In Lasithi:
** Agios Georgios Lassithi, Oropedio Lasithiou, part of the municipality of Oropedio Lasithiou
** Agios Georgios, Siteia, part of the municipality of Siteia
* In Magnesia:
** Agios Georgios Feron, part of the municipal unit of Feres
** Agios Georgios Nileias, part of the municipal unit of Milies
* Agios Georgios, Phocis, part of the municipal unit of Amfissa, Phocis
* In Phthiotis:
** Agios Georgios Domokou, a village in the municipal unit of Xyniada
** Agios Georgios Tymfristou, a municipal unit
* Agios Georgios, Preveza, part of the municipal unit of Filippiada, Preveza regional unit
* Agios Georgios, Thessaloniki, a municipal unit in the Thessaloniki regional unit

## In Cyprus

* Agios Georgios, Famagusta (Turkish: Aygün), near Trikomo, Cyprus
* Agios Georgios, Kyrenia (Turkish: Karaoğlanoğlu), near Kyrenia
* Agios Georgios, Limassol
* Agios Georgios, Nicosia, near Agia Marina
* Agios Georgios, Paphos
* Agios Georgios cemetery, Larnaca
* Agios Georgios Kontou cemetery, Larnaca
* Agios Georgios (refugee settlement), Larnaca

## Other uses

* MV Agios Georgios, any of several ships
# Affamè

Affamè is an arrondissement in the Ouémé department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Bonou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 7,269.
# Afrotheora minirhodaula

Afrotheora minirhodaula is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is found in South Africa.
# Agounde

Agounde is a village in the Doufelgou Prefecture in the Kara Region of north-eastern Togo.
# Jerrawangala

Jerrawangala is a locality in the City of Shoalhaven in New South Wales, Australia. It consists of a small settlement on the Princes Highway south of Nowra and a large unpopulated area to the northwest that lies on both sides of the Braidwood Road between Nowra and Nerriga. It is about 35 kilometres south of Nowra and about 205 km south of Sydney. Jerrawangala is fairly rugged sandstone country and largely consists of forest. Much of it lies within the Jerrawangala National Park or state forests. Jerrawangala lookout is located to the east of the Braidwood Road. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 70.
Part of the Braidwood Road through Jerrawangala, part of the access road to Jerrawangala lookout, and the modern-day Wandean Road were built originally as part of The Wool Road in 1841.
# Jezerane Viaduct

The Jezerane Viaduct is located between the Ogulin and Brinje interchanges of the A1 motorway in Croatia, just to the south of the Mala Kapela Tunnel. It is 661 metres (2,169 ft) long.
At this location the motorway route follows a horizontal curve of 900 metres (3,000 ft) radius. The viaduct is a beam structure across a series of spans averaging 36.1 metres (118 ft). The main span is 40 metres (130 ft) long. Due to its sheer size, the viaduct was designed in four segments comprising box girders and grillage systems and expansion joints atop three piers and both abutments. The piers comprise a box cross section, with 30 cm thick walls.

## Traffic volume

Traffic is regularly counted and reported by Hrvatske autoceste, operator of the viaduct and the A1 motorway where the structure is located, and published by Hrvatske ceste. Substantial variations between annual (AADT) and summer (ASDT) traffic volumes are attributed to the fact that the bridge carries substantial tourist traffic to the Adriatic resorts. The traffic count is performed using analysis of motorway toll ticket sales.
Jezerane Viaduct traffic volume :
| Road | Counting site | AADT | ASDT | Notes |
| A1 | 3025 Ogulin south | 12,640 | 31,166 | Between Ogulin and Brinje interchanges. |
# Jezera, Zenica

Jezera (Serbian Cyrillic: Језера) is a village in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Before the collapse and dissolution of Yugoslavia and the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-1995, Jezera was administratively under the jurisdiction of Teslić, a municipality in central-northern Bosnia; after the war the village was administratively partly attached to the municipality of Zenica, to the south of Teslić.

## Demographics

The ethnic and religious structure of Jezera was disturbed by the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Heavily populated by the Orthodox Christian inhabitants before the war, Jezera's demographic structure drastically changed during and following the war. To give an example, virtually the entire subvillage (Serbo-Croatian: zaseok, pl. zaseoci) Kusići, left their homes and the area. Among the reasons for this exodus was the newly established geopolitical order in Bosnia an Herzegovina, and the administrative attachment of the village to Zenica. The border between the two Bosnian "entities," i.e. the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, runs through the village Jezera.
Before the war and the exodus of its population, the village of Jezera was composed of several subvillages:
* Đukići
* Đurići
* Jelići
* Kusići
* Mijići
* Nedići
* Panići
As is often the case with many other Bosnian toponyms, the names of villages and subvillages are the same as the last names carried by its inhabitants; e.g., the villagers of the subvillage Đukići (pl. of Đukić) would carry the same last name, Đukić.

### Ethnic composition, 1991. census

total: 1,069
* Serbs - 1,063 (99.43%)
* Croats - 1 (0.09%)
* others and unknown - 5 (0.46%)
# Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai?

Aga Aga Sunbai Kay Mhanta Sasubai? (transl. Hey Daughter-in-law, What do you say Mother-in-law?) is an Indian Marathi language comedy show which aired on Zee Marathi. It starred Sukanya Kulkarni and Swanandi Tikekar in lead roles. It is produced by Manjiri Bhave under the banner of Kanha's Magic. The show premiered from 21 December 2022.

## Plot

A sarcastic and humorous portrayal of the love-hate relationship between Sarita, a dominating mother-in-law and Ankita, her boisterous daughter-in-law.

## Cast

* Sukanya Kulkarni as Sarita Madhav Mantri
* Swanandi Tikekar as Ankita Shantanu Mantri
* Sanchit Chaudhari as Shantanu Madhav Mantri (Pilu)
* Milind Phatak as Madhav Mantri
* Ronak Shinde as Raunak Madhav Mantri
* Mrudula Kulkarni as Madhushree
* Rama Nadgauda as Sulu Aaji

## Reception
### Special episode (1 hour)

* 29 January 2023
* 19 February 2023
# Africepermenia

Africepermenia is a monotypic genus of moths in the family Epermeniidae. Its sole species, Africepermenia tanzanica, was described by Reinhard Gaedike in 2004. It is found in Kenya and Tanzania.
# Jim Kaldis

James Kaldis (20 August 1932 – 3 March 2007) was a Greek-born Australian politician. He was a Labor member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1978 to 1999.
Kaldis was born in Greece, migrated to Australia in 1950, and became a citizen in 1954. He worked as a journalist and newspaper editor, and then as an actor and stage director. He was a founding member and licensee of the radio station 2EA (later SBS Radio), and directed the Greek programmes for the station. He was also a founding member of the Ethnic Communities Council and was involved in various migrant organisations. In 1978 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council as a Labor member, where he served until his retirement in 1999. He died in Sydney in 2007.
# Ahmad At Tijânî Ibn Bâba Al 'Alawî

Shaykh Ahmad At Tijânî Ibn Bâba Al 'Alawî (date of birth unknown - 1888) was a Maliki jurist of the city of Chinguit in Mauritania, a theologian Ash'ari and Tijani imam. He is frequently called Ibn Ahmad Baba.
He was the author of many poems including his famous book on the Tariqah Tijaniyyah entitled Munyat Ul Murid, which was later commented by Shaykh Mohammed Larbi Sayeh, and a beautiful poem about the wives of Muhammad.
He died in Medina in 1888 and is buried in Al Baqi cemetery located next to the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi.
# Agigea (disambiguation)

Agigea is a commune in Constanța County, Romania.
Agigea may also refer to:
* Agigea, Constanța [ro], village in the Agigea commune, Romania
* Agigea Sea Dunes [ro], protected area, Romania
* Agigea River, Romania
# Agidius

Agidius may refer to:
* Cindy Agidius, American politician
* Aegidius Hunnius, Lutheran theologian
* Agidius Romanus, Medieval philosopher
# Muller (futsal player)

Tomás Manga Angono (born 19 November 1998), sportingly known as Muller, is an Equatoguinean futsal player who plays as a winger for Leones Vegetarianos FC and the Equatorial Guinea national futsal team.

## International career

Muller played for Equatorial Guinea at the 2016 Futsal Africa Cup of Nations qualification and was named for the 2020 Futsal Africa Cup of Nations.

### International goals

Scores and results list Jamaica's goal tally first
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 6 December 2015 | Lusaka, Zambia | Zambia | 1–3 | 2–3 | 2016 Futsal Africa Cup of Nations qualification |
| 2 | 13 December 2015 | Polideportivo, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea | Zambia | 1–0 | 5-4 | 2016 Futsal Africa Cup of Nations qualification |
# Gaspar de Vigodet

Gaspar de Vigodet (1764–1837) was a Spanish military officer who served as last Royalist Governor of Montevideo.

## Early career

In September 1782, Vigodet participated, as a volunteer cadet, in the Great Siege of Gibraltar (1779–1783) before being transferred to the Regiment of Murcia the following month, and becoming a second lieutenant in 1783.
In 1791 he was sent to Oran and was promoted to lieutenant that same year.
Returning to Spain, he was transferred to the Army of Rosellón, participating in several combats and battles of the War of the Pyrenees, including, in 1793, the Battle of Villelongue-dels-Monts, the Battle of the Black Mountain and Port-Vendres, St. Elme y Collioure. The following year, he distinguished himself defending St. Elme, receiving three sable wounds and a bayonet wound and being taken prisoner. He was promoted to captain the following July.
In February 1797, Vigodet boarded the 112-gun three-decker ship of the line, Conde de Regla to take part in the Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797) and later that same month participated in the defence of Cádiz. As a member of Mazarredo's fleet, he saw service in Brest, returning to Spain in 1802.
In May 1805, he was promoted to captain of fusiliers in the Africa Regiment and in February 1806, a commander-in-chief of Paraguay, post he was unable to occupy due to the war against England.

## Peninsular War

At the start of the war, Vigodet joined General Castaños's general staff, and participated at the Battle of Bailén, being promoted to colonel the following month, and going on to fight at the Battle of Tudela.
In January 1809, Vigodet served under General Venegas at Uclés and under Duke of Alburquerque at Mora and Consuegra. He was promoted to Infantry brigadier the following March.
In June 1809, as part of General Venegas's Army of La Mancha, Vigodet commanded the 2nd Division, then numbering 4,667 troops, and which fought the following month at Almonacid and the following November at Ocana, both battles resulting in defeat for the Spanish forces.

## Montevideo

In July 1810, he was appointed Governor of Montevideo, to stop the advance of the Independentist rebels forces of Río de la Plata. By October 1812 the entire region was under control of the rebels, except for the city of Montevideo itself, which was besieged. On December 31, Vigodet broke out of the city but was defeated in the Battle of Cerrito.
Supplied from over the sea, the city still held out until May 17, 1814, when the naval victories of Admiral William Brown, cut off the supply route and the city faced starvation. By the end of June, Vigodet was forced to surrender Montevideo to General Carlos María de Alvear.
The following years he stayed in Rio de Janeiro, where he tried to take revenge on Alvear, who was also exiled to this city, due to political differences.
He was appointed Captain-General of Castille in 1817, and member of the Liberal Regency during the Trienio Liberal. When King Ferdinand VII of Spain was restored in 1823, de Vigodet went into exile in France, from where he could only return in 1834, after the death of the King.
# Nouveau Cirque

The Nouveau Cirque ("New Circus") was a circus located in Paris at 251 Rue Saint-Honoré. It was owned by Joseph Oller, co-founder of the famous Moulin Rouge. It was inaugurated on February 12, 1886, and closed on April 18, 1926, being subsequently demolished.
Its arena could be lowered by a hydraulic system to create a water basin for aquatic performances. It was one of the few buildings in Paris at the time to be completely lit by electricity. It was an upscale establishment, and patrons were required to wear formal attire.
# Hammock (disambiguation)

A hammock is a device used to sleep or rest in.
Hammock may also refer to:
* Hammock (band), an American post-rock group
* Hammock (ecology), a dense stand of trees
* Hammock Music, a record label
* Charles Hammock (1941–2014), American politician from Pennsylvania
* Cicero C. Hammock (1823–1890), American politician from Georgia
* Robby Hammock (born 1977), American Major League Baseball player
* Christina Hammock (born 1979), NASA astronaut