OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Otto Malling

Otto Valdemar Malling (1 June 1848 – 5 October 1915) was a Danish composer, from 1900 the cathedral organist in Copenhagen and from 1889 professor, then from 1899 Director of the Royal Danish Academy of Music, Copenhagen.
Otto Malling was born in Copenhagen. He became a pupil of Niels Wilhelm Gade and Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann; in his later career he mainly composed organ works and vocal music, but he also wrote a Fantasia for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 20, an appealing Schumannesque piano trio (in A minor, opus 36, 1889), piano quartet (in C minor, opus 80), and a Brahmsian piano concerto in C minor (opus 43, 1890), all of which are recorded and infrequently heard in concert. His output also contains among other substantial works a cantata Det hellige Land, opus 46, (published in 1897), a symphony in D minor, opus 17 (published in 1884), and an octet for strings, opus 50 (published in or before 1907). Malling wrote the first Danish textbook in orchestration, along French conservatory lines.
He taught musical theory to Knudåge Riisager in 1915. He was also a music editor, creating piano reductions and vocal scores of works by Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann, Niels Wilhelm Gade and Christian Julius Hansen for the publisher Samfundet til udgivelse af dansk Musik.
He was a co-founder and vice-conductor of The Concert Society, Copenhagen (1874), supporting himself as organist at various Copenhagen churches. His scores of organ music brought Malling some reputation abroad, but after his death he was soon forgotten in his native country as musical tastes changed. In the late 20th century, several of his concert works were recorded.

## Selected works

* Songs for men's choir, op. 1 (1879)
* Symphony in D minor, Op. 17 (1884)
* Concert Fantasy, op. 20 (violin and orchestra) (1884)
* Prologue to The Golden Legend, op. 25 (for solo, choir and orchestra) (1885)
* Piano trio, op. 36 (1889)
* Piano Concerto in C minor, Op. 43 (1890)
* The Holy Land op. 46 (for choir and orchestra) (1891)
* Birth of Christ op. 48 (organ) (1892)
* Christ's Death and Resurrection op. 54 (organ) (1895)
* The storm on Copenhagen op. 60 (song and orchestra) (1895)
* Of Christ's Life op. 63 (organ) (1897)
* Paul op. 81 (organ) (1903)
* The Seven Words on the Cross (organ) (1904)
* Cinderella op. 90 (ballet) (1908)
* String Octet, op. 50
* String Quartet
* Piano quintet
# Ascanio Castagna

Ascanio Castagna (1567 – 16 December 1627) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Isola (1622–1627).

## Biography

Ascanio Castagna was born in Turin, Italy in 1567. On 8 August 1622, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XV as Bishop of Isola. On 11 September 1622, he was consecrated bishop by Ottavio Bandini, Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina, with Ulpiano Volpi, Bishop of Novara, and Alessandro Guidiccioni (iuniore), Bishop of Lucca, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Isola until his death on 16 December 1627.
# Francesco Mainardi

Francesco Mainardi (born December 29, 1942) is an Italian physicist and mathematician.

## Early life

Mainardi was born in Lugo, Italy, on December 29, 1942. He graduated from the University of Bologna in 1966 with a degree in theoretical physics.

## Career

Mainardi became a professor of mathematical physics at Bologna. From 1971 to 1973, he was a lecturer at the Marche Polytechnic University on rational mechanics. He teaches non-Gaussian stochastics and mathematics among other science-related subjects. He has offered courses on statistical mechanics and fractional calculus. From January 24–28, 2000, he worked for the Center for Mathematical Physics and Stochastic at the University of Aarhus, Denmark.

## Publications

In 1982, he was the editor of Wave Propagation in Viscoelastic Media, which was published by Pitman Publishing in London. In September 1996, he and A. Carpinteri authored Scaling Laws and Fractality in Continuum Mechanics. A year later. Mainard and Carpintei co-edited Fractals and Fractional Calculus in Continuum Mechanics. He went on hiatus until 2010 when the Imperial College Press issued Fractional Calculus and Waves in Linear Viscoelasticity in London. A year later, he co-authored (with S. Rogosin), The Legacy of A.Ya. Khintchine's Work in Probability Theory.

## Works abroad

He gave lectures abroad at institutions such as the Indian Institute of Science of Bangalore, International Centre of Mathematical Sciences of Palai in India, the Free University of Berlin. He worked at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences in New York City and at the Institute of Oceanography of San Diego. He was a lecturer at the University of Sydney and then worked at the University of KwaZulu-Natal of South Africa. In Brazil, worked at the University of Campinas in applied mathematics.
# Naticarius onca

Naticarius onca is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.

## Description

Shell size 20 mm.

## Distribution

The species is known to occur in the Red Sea and in the Indo-Pacific off Aldabra, Madagascar, Mascarene Basin, Mauritius, Mozambique and Tanzania
# NCSD (disambiguation)

The National Cyber Security Division is a division of the US Office of Cyber Security & Communications.
NCSD may also refer to:
* Nassau County School District, Florida
* Nenana City School District, Nenana, Alaska
* Novi Community School District, Novi, Michigan
* North Carolina School for the Deaf, Morganton, North Carolina
# Chao Chow and Swatow Railway

Chao Chow and Swatow Railway :
Legend :
List of stations :
The ChaoChow–Swatow Railway or "Chao-Shan" railway was a privately financed and constructed standard gauge railway which ran between Chaochow (Chinese: 潮州; pinyin: Cháozhōu) and Swatow (simplified Chinese: 汕头; traditional Chinese: 汕頭; pinyin: Shàntóu) in Guangdong Province between 1906 and 1939. It's also the first line entirely financed and managed by Chinese merchants.

## History

As early as 1888 the British trading company Butterfield and Swire had sought to build this railway but were unsuccessful in gaining permission. In late 1903 a group of affluent overseas and Hong Kong Chinese, headed by Cheong Yuk Nam (pinyin: zhāng yù nán, 张煜南) and his brother Cheong Hong Nam (aka. 张耀轩, Tjong A Fie), invested a total of $300,000 and registered the Chao Chow and Swatow Railway Company with the Chamber of Commerce in Peking (Beijing) and also under Hong Kong laws. Cheong, who was Director-general of the company, had amassed a fortune from sago plantations in Sumatra and from other enterprises in Penang and South China. He was assisted by another prominent businessman, Lim La Sang (pinyin: lín wéi chāng 林为倡), who was appointed Managing Director. Lim, a Fukienese, had been educated in Hong Kong and had then made a fortune as a leading tea merchant in Formosa. In 1904 the contract for construction of the project was awarded to Japanese trading company Mitsui Bussan Kaisha for which Lim himself was an agent.

## Construction

Construction commenced in 1904 under the direction of a Japanese railway engineer Kennosuke Sato (佐藤謙之助). The 39 km (24 mi) line to Chao Chow was completed and opened to traffic on November 16, 1906.
In 1908 a short branch line of just over 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) was extended beyond Chao Chow to the river frontage at I-Chi, a.k.a. Yee Kai (pinyin yì xī, 意溪), in order to earn revenue from freight traffic when the low river prevented navigation by boat.

## Early operation

The railway’s senior operations staff, including the drivers and guards, were all Japanese employees, with Chinese staff engaged on less important functions. This situation endured until the railway was eventually taken over by Chinese National Railways in the 1920s. The railway company imported three 2-6-2 tank locomotives from the American Locomotive Company (Brooks plant) and 24 carriages of corridor plan were manufactured in Japan.

## Demise of the railway

The railway ceased operations in 1937 when spreading Japanese hostilities prompted the Ministry of Railways to order that this railway and several other lines should be dismantled for strategic reasons. The tracks were pulled up and track bed replaced by a motor vehicle road. The dismantled parts and locomotive equipment were reportedly reused for the construction of the Hunan - Kwangsi (Guangxi) railway as part of the Nationalist Government's "strategic retreat" to the interior of China which was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi).
# If You Have Ghosts

If You Have Ghosts may refer to:
* "If You Have Ghosts", a song by Roky Erickson from his 1981 album The Evil One
* "If You Have Ghosts" (True Detective), an episode of the American television series True Detective
# Sea-Bow International Sea-Bow

The Sea-Bow International Sea-Bow is a Canadian powered parachute, designed by Gerald Racicot and produced by Sea-Bow International, formerly called Valmecot Inc, of Valcourt, Quebec.
The aircraft was introduced in 2000 and production ended when the company went out of business in 2015.

## Design and development

The aircraft was designed to comply with the Canadian Basic Ultra-Light Aeroplane rules. It features a parachute-style high-wing, single-place accommodation, with a second seat optional, tricycle landing gear and a single 50 hp (37 kW) Rotax 503 engine in pusher configuration. The 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582 engine is a factory option. Before it went out of production the 74 hp (55 kW) Rotax 618 engine was also an option.
The Sea-Bow is built from a combination of bolted 6061-T6 aluminium and 4130 steel tubing. In flight steering is accomplished via dual control sticks that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. The aircraft is turned right by pulling the right stick and left by pulling the left stick. On the ground the aircraft has lever-controlled nosewheel steering. The throttle control is located on the right stick. A number of canopies are available, including the El-Condor I, II and III eleven and thirteen cell models.
The Sea-Bow's most obvious unique feature is the fitting of four highly angled, saucer-shaped polyurethane wheels outboard of, and in addition to, the main wheels. These "spyros" provide stability on the ground and in flight and the company claims "the shape and the precise location and positioning of these wheels enable the Sea-Bow to safely land and take-off on different types of terrain and conditions such as grass, sand, gravel, asphalt, snow or ice". The aircraft can even be safely water-landed as the spyros provide adequate flotation. They also provide enough ground stability that crosswinds will not blow the vehicle over, but instead allow it to turn into the wind.

## Specifications (Sea-Bow with El-Condor II wing)

Data from Sea-Bow and KitPlanes
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 10 ft 0 in (3.05 m) (carriage only)
* Height: 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) (carriage only)
* Wing area: 500 sq ft (46 m$^2$) El-Condor II, 13 cells
* Empty weight: 340 lb (154 kg)
* Gross weight: 680 lb (308 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 23 litres (5.1 imp gal; 6.1 US gal) standard, 40 litres (8.8 imp gal; 11 US gal) optional
* Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 582 twin cylinder, two-stroke, liquid-cooled aircraft engine, 64 hp (48 kW)
Performance
* Cruise speed: 30 mph (48 km/h, 26 kn)
* Endurance: 3.5 hours with 40 litre tank
* Service ceiling: 8,000 ft (2,400 m)
* Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
# Peugeot Type 118

The Peugeot Type 118 is a motor car produced by the French auto-maker Peugeot at their Audincourt plant in 1909. 150 were produced.
The car shared with its 1908 predecessor, the Peugeot Type 108, a front-mounted twin-cylinder engine of 1,527 cc delivering a maximum of 10 hp to the rear wheels by means of a rotating steel drive shaft.
The 2,455 mm wheelbase, very slightly shorter than that of the Type 108, supported body formats which included a “Droschke” with space for four.

## Sources and further reading

* Wolfgang Schmarbeck: Alle Peugeot Automobile 1890-1990. Motorbuch-Verlag. Stuttgart 1990. ISBN 3-613-01351-7
vtePeugeot road vehicle timeline, 1889–1944 — next » :
Type
1890s
1900s
1910s
1920s
1930s
1940s
9
0123456789
0123456789
0123456789
0123456789
0123456789
01234
Supermini
1
2
3 / 4
5 / 6 / 7 / 8
21 / 24 / 30 / 31
37
54
57
69 "Bébé"
B P1/ B3/P1 "Bébé"¹
161/172 "Quadrilette"
5CV
190
26 / 27 / 28
48
56
58
126
201
202
Small family car
14 / 15 / 25
56
58
68
VA/VC/VY¹
V2C/V2Y¹
VD/VD2¹
159
163
301
302
33 / 36
63
99
108
118
125
173 / 177 / 181 / 183
Family car
9 / 10 / 11 / 12
16 / 17 / 19 / 32
49/50
65/67
77
78
88
127
143
153
153 B/BR
176
401
402
18
39
43/44
61
71
81
96
106
116
126
138
175
601
Large family car
23
42
62
72
82
92
104
112/117/ 122/130/134
139
145/146/148
174
66
76
83
93
135
156
184
Executive car
80
103
113
141
147/150
85
95
105
Cabriolet / Spider
91
101/120
133 / 111/129/131
136
144
Panel van
13
22
34/35
Minibus
20 / 29
107
$^1$ These cars were marketed as "Lion-Peugeots", produced by what was till 1910 a separate Peugeot company, run by cousins of Armand Peugeot, then in charge of the principal automobile business.
In 1910, Armand having no sons of his own, it was agreed that the two branches of the Peugeot business be reunited. :
# Osmond Charles Fuhrman

Osmond Charles William Fuhrman OBE (19 July 1889 – 10 November 1961) was an Australian public servant and diplomat.
In November 1949 Fuhrman was appointed the first Australian Minister to Israel. He presented his credentials in Tel Aviv in January 1950.
# Ashes of Empire

Ashes of Empire was a 1992 strategy video game developed by Mirage, released for the Amiga and MS-DOS compatible operating systems. It was a follow-on, although not a sequel, to the earlier games Midwinter and Flames of Freedom.

## Gameplay

The player is a member of a fictional UN/NATO-type organisation (CSR) to recruit followers across various CIS-inspired republics being threatened by a powerful neighbor. The mechanics of the game are similar to the earlier Midwinter game, although the player is able to use a selection of land and air vehicles to travel around. Combat is real-time, with the player maneuvering to engage the enemy vehicle(s). The overall aim of the game is to pacify each of the CSR's five Republics - Ossia, Ruzakhstan, Belokraine, Moldenia and Servonia.
From the preface by Mike Singleton: "In Ashes of Empire, you well find echoes of the real world and, I hope, echoes of how delicate a task it is to bring peace and prosperity to lands where there is, at the moment, only hardship, bloodletting and misery".

## Reception

The game was reasonably well-received but not commercially successful, mainly due to the dry nature of the subject matter and the level of detail included in the game.
Computer Gaming World in 1993 stated that Ashes of Empire was a logistical game that "truly breaks new ground" but "reveals major weaknesses", with game-play that was "plodding and devoid of any intense challenge". The magazine approved of, however, the "truly fresh gaming experience" and "interactive education and thought puzzle which is highly topical in today's changing world", and concluded that "this type of game needs several generations of development [as a viable genre] ... It's about time, though, that a games like Ashes of Empire took the first, important step".
# National Highway 315 (India)

National Highway 315 (NH 315) is a National Highway in India. It connects Makum and Lekhapani in Assam.
# NGC 7459

NGC 7459 is a twin spiral galaxy of magnitude 15.2 located within the constellation Pisces. It was discovered by Lewis Swift in 1886 with a 16-inch refractor. The galactic nuclei are only 15 arcsec apart.
# Hermite (disambiguation)

Charles Hermite (1822–1901) was a French mathematician.
Hermite or Hermitte may also refer to:

## Hermite

* Hermite (crater), a lunar impact crater located in 1964, named after Charles Hermite
* Hermite constant, in mathematics
* Hermite distribution, in probability theory and statistics
* Hermite interpolation, in numerical analysis
* Hermite normal form, in linear algebra
* Hermite polynomials, a classical orthogonal polynomial sequence
** Hermite spline, a spline curve where each polynomial of the spline is in Hermite form
* Hermite Islands, a group of Chilean islands named after the Dutch admiral Jacques l'Hermite
* Hermite, the biggest island of the Hermite Islands archipelago

## Hermitte

* Achille-Antoine Hermitte (born 1840), French architect
* Enrique Hermitte (1871-1955), Argentine geologist
* Esther Hermitte (1921-1990), Argentine social anthropologist
# Sheila Mary Tuer

Sheila Mary Solarin MBE (née Tuer, 1924–21 October 2012) was a British educator. She was awarded an MBE by Queen Elizabeth II on 17 October 2007 for her educational services in Nigeria. She ran the Mayflower School on behalf of her late husband, Tai Solarin.

## Early life

Sheila met Tai Solarin while both were in the military forces following World War II. They were married in 1951.

## Career

In 1952, Tai and Sheila decided to move to his native Nigeria, where both worked in Ijebu Igbo, Ogun State at Molusi College. However, they disagreed with the politics of the organization and religious discrimination in schools, and decided to build their own school in Ikenne. They left the College in 1956 to pursue their idea.
On 27 January 1956 Tai Solarin and his wife founded the Mayflower School, the first secular school in Nigeria, in Ikenne.
The Students' Second Home was established by the pair in 1977. It was a boarding house that served more than two thousand students of the three public high schools in Ikenne town. Also complementing the now state-owned Mayflower School was the privately-owned Mayflower Junior School, the main school of the Mayflower institution.
Using breeze blocks made from clay, they constructed two classrooms, each able to accommodate 36 pupils. The students helped in the construction of more classrooms.
"They had their bunks at the back of the class, and the desks at the front" said Sheila. "We didn't ask anybody what their ethnic background or religion was, we simply wanted to provide an education for all the children in the area."
As the Mayflower School became more popular, Sheila and her husband expanded, making it one of the largest schools in the country.
Sheila headed the Mayflower School on behalf of her late husband Tai Solarin. Sheila retired at the age of 80, passing much of the responsibility for the school to her children.

## Personal life

Sheila and her husband had two children, Corin and Tunde Solarin. She died on 21 October 2012, at the age of 88.
# Idlewild, Missouri

Idlewild is an unincorporated community in Stoddard County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Idlewild was laid out in 1910 when the railroad was extended to that point.
# Otter Sandstone Formation

The Otter Sandstone Formation is an obsolete geological unit in England, now referred to as the Helsby Sandstone Formation. It preserves fossils dated to the Triassic, Anisian period.
# Perrier Nature Reserve

Perrier Nature Reserve (IUCN IV) is a small nature reserve protecting indigenous plants and primary forest, in the central highlands of Mauritius. It is still closed to the public.

## Indigenous vegetation

This CMA nature reserve protects a rare patch of Mauritian primary forest, and a selection of extremely rare endemic plants, such as Diospyros revaughanii, Noronhia macrophylla (one plant surviving, down from two reported in 1980), Syzygium commersonii, Tambourissa peltata, Croton vaughanii, Erythrospermum monticulum, Chionanthus boutoni (only two plants surviving) and the rare and ornate Trochetia blackburniana, among many others.
The vegetation type is "Mauritius Wet Forest" with Sideroxylon dominant, and it has been used as a source of original seed, for rehabilitating surrounding areas. The forest canopy is low (under 10 meters) and composed mainly of "Manglier rouge" (Sideroxylon puberulum) and "Manglier vert" (Sideroxylon cinereum). A very diverse under-storey of species include Aphloia theiformis, Ocotea laevigata and Pandanus eydouxia among others.

## History and management

It was designated in 1951, but intensive management of the alien invasive species was only begun in 1969, led chiefly by Conservator of Forests Abdool Wahab Owadally. It incorporates only 1.75 ha (the smallest but most pristine nature reserve in Mauritius), and is located in the central highlands of Mauritius (altitude c.550 m), just north of Mare aux Vacoas.
It is managed by the Mauritian Forestry Service (MFS). It is an extremely sensitive site, and is not yet open to the public.
# National Cricket Stadium (Grenada)

The Grenada National Cricket Stadium, formerly Queen's Park, is a cricket ground on River Road, St George's, the capital of Grenada. A Grenada cricket team is first recorded in West Indies cricket in 1887, playing against a touring Gentlemen of America team at the original Queen's Park ground. Ten years later, Grenada played against Lord Hawke's touring team. Unlike several matches on the tour, that one did not have first-class status. In 1899, G. A. de Freitas and William Mignon became the first Grenada cricketers to play first-class cricket.
The newly rebuilt Queen's Park Stadium became the 84th Test venue in 2002 when it hosted its first match between the West Indies and New Zealand. As of 18 August 2014, two test matches have taken place at the ground. It was one of the locations for the 2007 Cricket World Cup.
After being rebuilt in 2000, the new complex was damaged in September 2004, as a result of Hurricane Ivan.
The oval is noted for being elongated towards the Pavilion end, giving a more baseball type look to the ground. The stadium was funded by the People's Republic of China.

## List of Five Wicket Hauls
### Tests

Four five wicket hauls in Test matches have been taken at the venue.
| No. | Bowler | Date | Team | Opposing team | Inn | Overs | Runs | Wkts | Econ | Result |
| 1 | Shane Bond | 28 June 2002 | New Zealand | West Indies | 2 | 30.1 | 104 | 5 | 3.44 | Drawn |
| 2 | Kemar Roach | 17 July 2009 | West Indies | Bangladesh | 2 | 23.5 | 48 | 6 | 2.01 | Lost |
| 3 | Shakib Al Hasan | 17 July 2009 | Bangladesh | West Indies | 3 | 24.5 | 70 | 5 | 2.81 | Won |
| 4 | Darren Sammy | 17 July 2009 | West Indies | Bangladesh | 4 | 16 | 55 | 5 | 3.43 | Lost |

### One Day Internationals

Three five wicket hauls in One-Day Internationals have been taken at the venue.
| No. | Bowler | Date | Team | Opposing team | Inn | Overs | Runs | Wkts | Econ | Result |
| 1 | Chris Gayle | 1 June 2003 | West Indies | Australia | 1 | 10 | 46 | 5 | 4.60 | Won |
| 2 | Dwayne Bravo | 24 February 2013 | West Indies | Zimbabwe | 1 | 10 | 43 | 6 | 4.30 | Won |
| 3 | Adil Rashid | 27 February 2019 | England | West Indies | 2 | 10 | 85 | 5 | 8.50 | Won |
# NCID

NCID may refer to:
* Network Caller ID, an open-source client/server network Caller ID package
* NCID (book identifier), an identifier for books, used by CiNii, a bibliographic database maintained by the Japanese National Institute of Informatics
* National Centre for Infectious Diseases, a quarantine and management centre for contagious diseases in Singapore