OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liriope (plant)

Liriope is a genus of low, grass-like flowering plants from East and Southeast Asia.
Some species are often used in landscaping in temperate latitudes. It may be called "lilyturf" in North America, although it is neither a true grass (family Poaceae) nor a lily (genus Lilium). In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae). Like many lilioid monocots, it was once classified with lilies in the family Liliaceae; it has also been placed in the former family Convallariaceae. The genus was named for the nymph Liriope of Greek mythology.

## Background and pronunciation

Liriope are usually used in the garden for their evergreen foliage as a groundcover. Some species, e.g., L. spicata, grow aggressively in the right conditions, spreading by runners; hence their nickname, "creeping lilyturf".
In the southeastern United States Liriope is sometimes referred to by the common name monkey grass or spider grass.
The pronunciation of "Liriope" varies. Commonly recommended pronunciation are /lɪˈraɪəpi/ lih-RY-ə-pee (US), and /lɪəˈriːoʊpeɪ/ leer-EE-oh-pay (British), but there are many regional variations. In the southern United States, for example, it may be pronounced /ˈlaɪroʊpi/ LY-roh-pee, /lɪəˈraɪoʊpi/ leer-EYE-oh-pee, or /ˈlɪərioʊp/ LEER-ee-ohp.

## Cultivation

Liriope muscari is perhaps most widespread in cultivation and is considered appropriate for USDA Hardiness Zones 6-10.
Spikes of tiny violet-blue flowers appear in late summer, and will be more prolific with a dose or two of fertilizer early in the season. A number of variegated varieties are now available to add golden or silver flashes of color to shady situations.

## Species

| Name | Distribution |
| Liriope graminifolia (L.) Baker | Philippines; widespread across much of China |
| Liriope kansuensis (Batalin) C.H.Wright | Sichuan, Gansu |
| Liriope longipedicellata F.T.Wang & Tang} | Sichuan |
| Liriope minor (Maxim.) Makino | Japan, Ryukyu Islands, widespread across much of China |
| Liriope muscari (Decne.) L.H.Bailey | Japan, Korea, widespread across much of China |
| Liriope spicata Lour. | Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Korea, widespread across much of China |
# Pseudotolida tokyoensis

Pseudotolida tokyoensis is a beetle in the genus Pseudotolida of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1959 by Nomura & Kato.
# Max Reger Prize

The Max Reger Art Prize was an art prize of the Bezirk Suhl in the German Democratic Republic. It was awarded annually on 7 October on the occasion of Tag der Republik to personalities from the fields of science and art in the district of Suhl. The prize was named after the composer and conductor Max Reger, who lived in the former residential town of Meiningen from 1911 to 1915 and conducted the Meiningen Court Orchestra there until 1914. This humanistic tradition of the town of Meiningen expired with the German Reunification Treaty in 1990.
The award ceremony used to take place in the Marble Hall of the Elisabethenburg Palace in Meiningen. Among others, the Max Reger Chamber Music Ensemble was engaged for the ceremony. The prize was endowed with 3000 marks of the GDR and consisted of a bronze medal in a leather case as well as a representative leather folder with a certificate. The prize had different classes, including the classes "Literature" and "Theatre".

## Laureates

* Konrad Mann (conductor, pianist) 1962
* Walter Werner (writer) 1962.
* Olaf Koch (conductor) (conductor) 1964
* Werner Schwarz (painter, graphic artist) 1965.
* Wolfgang Hocke (conductor) 1967
* Curt Letsche (writer) 1969
* Fritz Kühn (art smith, sculptor) 1970
* Kurt Baumgarten (painter) 1971
* Günther Hofmann (opera singer and director) for theatre 1975
* Chris Hornbogen (man of letters) 1977.
* Meininger Chorgemeinschaft
* Horst Jäger (author) for Literature 1979
* Joachim Knappe (writer) 1979
* Chamber Orchestra of the Technische Universität Ilmenau 1979
* Landolf Scherzer (writer) 1980
* Suhler Knabenchor [de] 1985
* Peter Ehrlicher (singer) 1988
* Neuhaus am Rennsteig folk ensemble 1989
* Choir Community Krayenberg
The Max Reger Art Prize is not to be confused with the Main-Franconian Art Prize as a Nazi honour, which was also called the Max Reger Prize.
# Tritonoranella

Tritonoranella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Bursidae, the frog shells.

## Species

* Tritonoranella latitudo (Garrard, 1961)
* Tritonoranella ranelloides (Reeve, 1844)
# Mopa, Goa

Mopa is a village in Pernem, Goa in India. The Manohar International Airport is located at Mopa.
# Hubert Nathaniel Critchlow

Hubert Nathaniel Critchlow OBE (18 December 1884 – 14 May 1958) is notable as the founder of the modern trade union movement in Guyana.

## Background

Critchlow was born in Georgetown, Guyana. Little is known of his early childhood but in his late teens, after leaving school, he was a dock worker. At the age of 21, he began his struggle for the interest of waterfront workers' wage negotiations and rights. His struggle continued into 1917 when he founded the British Guiana Labor Union (BGLU). The BGLU is officially the first trade union in the Caribbean.
In 1945 he attended the World Trade Union Conference as President of the British Guiana Trades Union Council.
Often referred to as 'The father of Trade Unions', Critchlow was the first man in British Guiana to formalize labor negotiations. He died in Georgetown in 1958.

## Legacy

On 2 December 1964 then premier of Guyana, Dr. Cheddi Jagan, unveiled a bronze statue of Critchlow in the compound of the Parliament Building.
Hubert Nathaniel Critchlow devoted his life to changing the harsh conditions under which men were forced to work in those days. His work is especially remembered on 1 May, which is designated as:
* Labor Day
* Workers' Day
* May Day.
On this day, wreaths are laid at the base of Critchlow's statue by leaders of the government and prominent trades unionists. Workers parade through the streets of the township dressed in red and white. They march under the banner of their particular trade union in a show of solidarity for workers' rights
# Rasol (Romanian dish)

Rasol (Romanian pronunciation:) is a Romanian dish made from meat, potatoes, and vegetables, which are boiled together. The meat can be poultry (usually chicken, but also duck, goose or turkey), beef, or pork. A chopped up chicken or pork chop are usually used. Potatoes (peeled), carrots, tomatoes and onions are added whole and boiled with the meat. It is usually served together with some of the resulting soup, and with mujdei or horseradish.
# Prom Wars

Prom Wars is a 2008 Canadian teen comedy film directed by Phil Price and starring Raviv Ullman, Alia Shawkat, Rachelle Lefèvre, and Kevin Coughlin.

## Premise

The graduating class at Miss Aversham and Miss Cronstall's School for Girls find that they have – in defiance of the natural laws of probability – all blossomed simultaneously. Capitalizing on their unique status, and intent on teaching high school boys to never take girls for granted, they issue a challenge to the boys of Easthill's rival private schools, Selby and Lancaster. The winner in a series of designated competitions will be awarded exclusive rights to the girls as prom dates. Like the capricious and meddlesome gods of Greek mythology, the ACS girls pit the boys' schools against each other in a (secret) Prom War.

## Cast

* Raviv Ullman as Percy Collins
* Alia Shawkat as Diana Riggs
* Rachelle Lefèvre as Sabina
* Nicolas Wright as Joseph
* Kevin Coughlin as Geoffrey
* Chad Connell as Rupert
* Jesse Rath as Francis
* Yann Bernaquez as Hamish
* Cory Hogan as Jasper
* Noah Bernett as Kyle
* Alexandra Cohen as Maggie
* Meaghan Rath as Jen L.
* Mélanie St-Pierre as Jen Bergman
* Daniel Rindress-Kay as Northrop
* Keenan MacWilliam as Meg
# True (cigarette)

True is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned by Reynolds American and manufactured through its subsidiary R.J. Reynolds. The brand was created and formerly owned by the Lorillard Tobacco Company.

## History

True was introduced in September 1966 by Lorillard in 10 major U.S. markets, with national distribution beginning on November 1, 1966. The tagline for the new brand was "Shouldn't your brand be True?". The cigarette, when first introduced, was full flavored. It was later available in a reduced tar and nicotine version during the 1970s and 1980s.
True cigarettes, like Parliament cigarettes, have a recessed filter. However, whereas Parliaments have nothing in the recessed space, Trues have a plastic piece (round with a triangle in the middle and radials which extend to the outside) which prevents the top of the cigarette from being broken, torn, or crushed.
In 2015, Reynolds American acquired the brand after they bought the Lorillard Tobacco Company.

## Advertising

Lorillard made various poster advertisements to promote the True brand as a "low tar, low nicotine" brand.
A few TV ads were also made to promote the brand in the late 1960s to early 1970s.

## Varieties

* Filters Kings: Soft Pack, Box
* Filters 100s: Soft Pack, Box
* Menthol Kings: Soft Pack, Box
* Menthol 100s: Soft Pack, Box
# Willow Glen Resident

The Willow Glen Resident is a free weekly newspaper based in San Jose, California. In partnership with The Mercury News, it serves the Willow Glen neighborhood of the city of San Jose and surrounding Santa Clara County, California. The newspaper covers local news, sports, business and community events and is described as providing news and features with a focus on local government issues and decisions made. It is published weekly on Fridays. With 41, 310 readers, according to the American Newspaper Representative database, the Willow Glen Resident has a free weekly circulation of 20,150. The newspaper is owned by Digital First Media and edited by Mario Dianda.

## History

Willow Glen Resident was founded in 1953 by Harvey D. Jorden as the Greater Willow Glen Resident. In 1987, the name of the newspaper was changed to its current title - Willow Glen Resident. The paper has also been known as the Willow Glen Resident news and the Willow Glen/Rose Garden Resident News.

## Awards

In 2017, the Willow Glen Resident won an Honorable Mention in the Investigative Reporting category in its division of California's Better Newspapers Contest.
# Linstead (disambiguation)

Linstead is a town in Jamaica.
Linstead may also refer to:
* Linstead Magna, Suffolk, England
* Linstead Parva, Suffolk, England
* Lynsted, Kent, England

## People

* George Linstead (1908–1974), British composer and music critic
* Hilary Linstead (1938–2022), British Australian talent agent
* Hugh Linstead (1901–1987), British pharmaceutical chemist, barrister, and politician
* Patrick Linstead (1902–1966), British chemist
# Punad Dam

Punad Dam is an earthfill dam on Punand river for irrigation near Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

## Specifications

The height of the dam above lowest foundation is 29.62 m (97.2 ft) while the length is 1,820 m (5,970 ft). The volume content is 123 km$^3$ (30 cu mi) and gross storage capacity is 19,080.00 km$^3$ (4,577.54 cu mi).
# Maximilian Henry, Count of Wied-Runkel

Maximilian Henry, Count of Wied-Runkel (1 May 1681 – 19 December 1706) was a German nobleman. He was the ruling Count of Wied-Runkel from 1692 until his death.

## Life

He was a son of George Herman of Wied (1640-1690) and his second wife Johanna Elisabeth of Leiningen-Westerburg (1659-1708). He was the founder of the younger Wied-Runkel line.
On 27 August 1692, he received the Upper part of the County of Wied from his paternal grandfather Frederick the Elder, initially under guardianship. His part of the county included Altwied Castle, the village of Isenburg, the parish of Maysheid and the Lordship of Meud (which had previously been part of Lower Wied).
He served in the army of Landgrave Ernest Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt, where he climbed to the rank of Rittmeister.
He was killed in a duel on 19 December 1706. His underage son John Louis Adolph succeeded him as Count of Wied-Runkel.

## Marriage and issue

On 29 August 1704 in Detmold, he married Sophia Florentina (8 September 1683 – 23 April 1758), a daughter of Count Simon Henry of Lippe-Detmold. Together, they had two sons:
* John Louis Adolph (30 May 1705 – 18 May 1762)
* Charles William Emil Alexander (19 June 1706 – 30 November 1771)
# Tritonoranella ranelloides

Tritonoranella ranelloides is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Bursidae, the frog shells.

## Distribution

This species occurs in European waters, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico; and off South Africa, the Philippines and Japan.

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length of Tritonoranella ranelloides tenuisculpta is 75 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth of Tritonoranella ranelloides tenuisculpta is 30 m. Maximum recorded depth is 250 m.
# William Lea (priest)

William Lea (b Stone, Worcestershire 6 June 1820 - d Droitwich 24 September 1889) was Archdeacon of Worcester from 1881 to 1889.
Walters was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, matriculating in 1839 and graduating B.A. in 1842, and was ordained in 1845. He was for many years the Vicar of St Peter, Droitwich.
# Hubert N. Charles

Hubert Noel Charles (1893–1982) was an English automotive engineer most famous for his work at MG.

## Early years

H. N. Charles was born on 22 November 1893 in Barnet the son of Thomas Charles, a Solicitor, and his wife Constance Emily. and educated at Highgate school and University College London where he gained a degree in engineering.
In 1914 he joined the Royal Naval Air Service as a mechanic before moving to the Royal Flying Corps where he was Engineering Officer to No 56 Squadron. By the end of the war he had been promoted to Captain.
After the war he joined Zenith Carburettors as a Sales Engineer and then Automotive Products before getting a job in 1924 as a trouble shooter with Morris Motors at Cowley.

## MG

In 1925 Hubert Charles met Cecil Kimber of the MG Car Company and although still working for Morris started doing work for MG in his spare time making the MG bodies fit the new Morris Oxford chassis and went on to design a "Comparator", an early rolling road, on which cars could be adjusted. In 1928 he officially joined MG as Chief Draughtsman. The MG M-type Midget was launched in 1929 with the overhead camshaft Wolseley engine of 20bhp output which did not satisfy Charles so he revised the camshaft increasing the power to 27bhp for 1930. This work led him on to the supercharged engine for the C-Type, still based on the original Wolsley design, where the output was 62bhp. As engine power increased the traditional leaf sprung chassis increasingly could not cope so Charles designed a backbone chassis with all-round independent suspension for the R-Type.
In 1935 MG became part of Morris Motors and Charles was moved to the main design office at Cowley where he worked on cars for both marques including designing the front suspension for the Morris Ten.

## Later life

H. N. Charles left Morris in 1938 to join Rotol Airscrews as Chief Engineer where he developed a reversing gear and a blade-feathering device. before joining Austin in 1943 as development engineer and was responsible for the coil-sprung front suspension of the Austin A40. He clashed with the chairman of Austin Leonard Lord and left the company in 1958 to found his own engineering consultancy.
Hubert Charles retired to Teddington in around 1961 and died in Oxford on 18 January 1982 at the age of 88.
# Ravenj

Ravenj is a village in Badakhshan Province in northeastern Afghanistan.
# Pro Loco

In Italy, Pro Loco (the term is both singular and plural) are grass-roots organizations that seek to promote some particular place, almost always a town and its immediate area; pro loco is a Latin phrase that may be roughly translated "in favour of the place". Usually, the town is a full-fledged comune, but not always: frazioni and other small places with a high level of civic pride may have their own Pro Loco.
Very often, the name of a Pro Loco is just "Pro Loco N", where N is the name of the town; not infrequently, though, one meets with the simpler "Pro N", where N may be the name of the town or even its ancient Roman name.
The Pro Loco is a volunteer, grass-roots organization, and must not be confused with such publicly financed organizations as the Azienda di Promozione Turistica (APT) or the Ufficio di Informazione e Accoglienza Turistica (IAT), the aim of which is to promote tourism.
Still, Pro Loco could have a legal identity as a no-profit organization if part of the UNPLI, Unione Nazionale Pro Loco d'Italia, the National Union: Pro Loco with a statute in line with UNPLI's protocols could have legal advice and some fiscal advantages, mostly a reduced fare in paying the (quite expensive) rights to SIAE to play music or theatre in public places.
In most Italian towns, the Pro Loco's main purpose is to organize, finance, advertise, and operate the local Sagra or palio; it is thus quintessentially at the service of residents rather than visitors.
In some places though, a wider purpose has been taken on, that of promoting the town's products or tourism; and in some cases, a very active and socially conscious Pro Loco will sponsor publications, scholarly research, or the restoration of local monuments.
# True (TrinityRoots album)

True is the debut album by New Zealand band, TrinityRoots, released in 2001. The album peaked at number 21 in New Zealand.

## Track listing

* "True"
* "Sense and Cents"
* "Beautiful People"
* "Call to You"
* "Passion"
* "D By D"
* "Egos"
* "Just Like You"
* "Little Things"

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 28 |
# William White (economist)

William R. White (born 1943) is a Canadian economist who was the chairman of the Economic and Development Review Committee at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from 2009 to 2018. He is famous for flagging the wild behaviour in the debt markets before the global storm hit in 2008 (the Great Recession). In 2009, Dirk Bezemer, a Professor of Economics at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, noted that White was one of the earliest to have predicted the 2007–2008 financial crisis.

## Biography

Born in Kenora, Ontario, Canada, he was educated at the University of Windsor and the University of Manchester. In 1969, he began his career as an economist at the Bank of England, the central bank of the United Kingdom. In 1972 he joined the Bank of Canada, the central bank of Canada, where he spent 22 years. His first six years at the Bank of Canada were with the Department of Banking and Financial Analysis, first as an economist and finally as Deputy Chief. In 1978, White became Deputy Chief of the Research Department and was made Chief of the Department in 1979. He was appointed Adviser to the Governor in 1984 and Deputy Governor of the Bank of Canada in September 1988.
In 1994, he joined the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the Swiss-based bank of central banks, as manager in the Monetary and Economic Department. From May 1995 to June 2008, he served as its Economic Adviser and Head of the Monetary and Economic Department. He retired from the BIS on 30 June 2008.
He predicted the 2007–2008 financial crisis before the subprime mortgage crisis. In 2009, Dirk Bezemer, a Professor of Economics at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, noted that White was one of the earliest to have predicted the 2007–2008 financial crisis. He was one of the critics of Alan Greenspan's theory of the role of Monetary Policy as early as 1996. He challenged the former Federal Reserve chairman's view that central bankers cannot effectively slow the causes of asset bubbles. On 28 August 2003, White made his argument directly to Greenspan, at the Kansas City Fed's annual meeting in Jackson Hole, Wyoming at the Jackson Hole Economic Symposium. White recommended to "raise interest rates when credit expands too fast and force banks to build up cash cushions in fat times to use in lean years." Greenspan was unconvinced that this would work and said: "There has never been an instance, of which I'm aware, that leaning against the wind was successfully done."
In October 2009 he was appointed chairman of the Economic and Development Review Committee at the OECD in Paris. This committee carries on regular evaluations of the policies of both member countries and aspiring members of the OECD. In his capacity as chairman, he also contributed to meetings of WP1 and the Economic Policy Committee of the OECD. He retired from that position in March 2018. He was also a member of the Issing Commission, advising the German chancellor on G-20 issues. White has published articles on topics related to monetary and financial stability as well as the process of international cooperation in these areas.
# Lisa C. Klein

Lisa C. Klein (born December 7, 1951) is an American engineer. She is a distinguished professor of engineering at Rutgers University in New Jersey. In 1977, she became the first female faculty member in the Rutgers School of Engineering. She is the director of the graduate program in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Klein was born in Wilmington, Delaware, on December 7, 1951. She earned a B.S. in metallurgy in 1973 and a Ph.D. in ceramics in 1976, both from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

### Career

Klein was the first female faculty member in the Rutgers School of Engineering (1977) and the first female faculty member elevated to the professor II rank, equivalent to distinguished professor status (1993).
Klein has been a visiting scientist at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico; University of Grenoble, France; and Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. She has been an editor of the Journal of the American Ceramic Society since 1998. From 1993 to 2010, she served as co-editor of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology.
Klein served two terms as president of the Rutgers American Association of University Professors (AAUP) chapter. In this role, Klein was credited with conducting negotiations that lead to novel methods for expanding the number of tenure track faculty at Rutgers; these methods have been cited as potential models for faculty efforts to halt the attrition in numbers of tenure track faculty.

## Research

Klein's research focuses on the area of sol-gel science, a low-temperature process for making ceramic coatings. Her most important contribution to science has been the development of electrochromic window coatings that can be lightened or darkened through the use of a dimmer attached to a battery. This window coating is unique because it is manually controlled and can reflect the heat away, while still transmitting light in the summer or permit the solar heat in winter. This new development is more efficient than blinds, curtains, or tinted windows and can save on heating and cooling costs in the home or office.

## Awards and honors

* Distinguished New Engineer Award, Society of Women Engineers, 1984
* Fellow, American Ceramic Society, 1988
* Achievement Award, Society of Women Engineers, 1998
* Fellow, New York Academy of Sciences, 2001
* Elected member, World Academy of Ceramics, 2012
* Human Dignity Award, Rutgers University, 2015
# Pseudozonitis vaurieae

Pseudozonitis vaurieae is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Punakaiki River

The Punakaiki River is a river of the West Coast Region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows predominantly northwest from its sources in the Paparoa Range, reaching the Tasman Sea two kilometres south of the town of Punakaiki. Most of the river's length is within Paparoa National Park.

## Recreation

The Inland Pack Track and the Paparoa Track both commence from the south bank of the river at Waipori Road, where there is a suspension bridge across the river. The section of the trail from the Punakaiki River to the Pororari River is dual-use – shared between walkers and mountain bikers, and serves as the northern entry or exit point of the Paparoa Track.