OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jacob Gretser

Jacob Gretser (March 27, 1562 – January 29, 1625) was a celebrated German Jesuit writer.

## Life

Gretser was born at Markdorf in the Diocese of Constance. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1578, and nine years later he defended publicly theses covering the whole field of theology. Ingolstadt was the principal scene of his work; here he taught philosophy for three years, dogmatic theology for fourteen and moral theology for seven years. He gave at least ten hours a day to his studies, which he protracted, at times, till late into the night, in order to devote part of the day to works of charity and zeal.
He was recognized as one of the best controversialists of his time, and was highly esteemed by Pope Clement VIII, Emperor Ferdinand II, and Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria. Some of the greatest of his age, such as Cardinal Bellarmine and Markus Welser, corresponded with him and consulted him in their difficulties. He died at Ingolstadt.

## Works

He edited or explained many works of the patristic and medieval writers, and composed erudite treatises on most diverse subjects. Carlos Sommervogel enumerates two hundred and twenty-nine titles of printed works and thirty-nine manuscripts attributed to Gretser, but it is convenient to follow the grouping of his writings as they are distributed in the seventeen folios of the complete edition which appeared in Ratisbon (1734–1741).
* Vols. I-III contain archaeological and theological disquisitions concerning the Cross of Christ
* IV-V, a defence of several ecclesiastical feasts and rites
* VI-VII, apologies for several Roman pontiffs
* VIII-IX, a defence of Bellarmine's writings, to which vol. X adds a defence of some lives of the Saints
* XI, a defence of the Society of Jesus
* XII, polemics against the Lutherans and Waldenses
* XIII, polemic miscellanies
* XIV-XV, editions and translations of Greek ecclesiastical writer
* XVI-XVII, philological works
The first volume, for instance, contains five books treating successively of the Cross on which Jesus Christ died, of images of the cross, of apparitions of the Holy Cross, of the sign of the cross, and of the spiritual cross. The second volume gives fifty-seven Graeco-Latin eulogies of the Holy Cross by Greek writers; the third treats of cross-bearing coins, of the Crusades, adding also a defence of both the Crusades and the veneration of the Cross.
# Pachybrachis brevicornis

Pachybrachis brevicornis is a species of case-bearing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae.
# Grivska

Grivska is a village in the municipality of Arilje, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 293 people.
# Niilo Patinen

Niklas (Niilo) Patinen (14 January 1886 – 13 September 1947) was a Finnish carpenter and politician, born in Jyväskylän maalaiskunta. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1919 to 1922, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP).
# Lakeville, California

Lakeville is an unincorporated community in Sonoma County, California, United States. It is located near the Petaluma River about 4 mi (6 km) southeast of Petaluma.
The main thoroughfare is Lakeville Road, which passes north–south through Lakeville on its way from State Route 116 to State Route 37. The rear gate of Sonoma Raceway empties onto Lakeville Road and can cause traffic delays on race days.
Lakeville's name refers to Tolay Lake, about 2 mi (3 km) east of the town.
Lakeville has a fire department with one station, established in 1973. It is located east of the intersection of Lakeville Highway and Stage Gulch Road.

## History

The Lakeville area was part of the Rancho Petaluma grant to Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo by the Governor José Figueroa of Alta California in 1834.
In 1859, an emigrant named William Bihler purchased 8,000 acres (32 km$^2$) in the Lakeville area. In 1859 Bihler dynamited the natural dam of the historic Tolay Lake to drain the lake in order to raise potatoes and corn.
Settled by C. H. Bodwell, Lakeville became the terminus for a steamship route connecting San Francisco with Sonoma County. In the 1870s, Lakeville was a stop on the San Francisco and North Pacific Railroad.
In an 1879 tourist guide, Lakeville was described as "not a very pretentious place."$^{:222}$
During the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, reported damage in Lakeville included that "chimneys were overthrown, plastering badly cracked, and dishes broken. Chimneys and objects were thrown to the southeast."$^{:206}$
Based on the 1910 United States census, the population of Lakeville at that time was computed as 67 persons.$^{:247}$ Gregory's (1911) History of Sonoma County stated with regard to Sonoma County towns that "some of these places are mere post office stations or small hamlets with nominal population, the figures of which are not given... Lakeville 67."$^{:247}$
# Friedrich Hecht

Friedrich Hecht (3 August 1903, Vienna – 8 March 1980, Vienna) was an Austrian chemist and writer.
Hecht studied chemistry at the University of Vienna, and in 1928 was awarded a PhD. He was an assistant at the Institute of Chemistry. He wrote science fiction under the pseudonym Manfred Langrenus. In 1980, he died in Vienna, Austria.
Even before the Anschluss, in 1933 Hecht was a member of the (at that time illegal) National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) or Nazi Party and Sturmabteilung or SA, from 1934, the Schutzstaffel or SS.
In 1938, Hecht moved to the Analytical Department of the University of Vienna and achieved habilitation there in 1941. From 1943 to 1950 he was Professor of Microchemistry and Geochemistry at the Graz University of Technology. From 1959-1973, he was Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry and head of the Analytical Institute in Vienna. At Vienna, Hecht was assisted by Edith Kroupa.
In 1938, Hecht received the Fritz Pregl Prize for distinguished achievements in chemistry by the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

## Novels

* Reich im Mond. Utopisch-wissenschaftlicher Roman aus naher Zukunft und jahrmillionenferner Vergangenheit (Empire in the Moon. Utopian-scientific novel of the near future and of a millions of years distant past.), 1951. New edition in 1959 as Reich im Mond. Utopisch-wissenschaftlicher Roman (Empire in the Moon. Utopian-scientific novel).
* Im Banne des Alpha Centauri (Under the spell of the Alpha Centauri). Roman, 1955.
# Freehiking

Freehiking can refer to
* Naked hiking
* Off-trail hiking
# Lambert's Cafe

Lambert's Cafe is a US restaurant chain with locations in Foley, Alabama; Sikeston, Missouri; and Ozark, Missouri. It was founded in 1942. It is known for throwing hot rolls to the customers. It features Southern or country cooking (fried chicken, catfish, etc.); a variety of side dishes, called "pass arounds", are brought to the table to accompany each meal. The restaurants have been cited as a prime example of "road food", and diners often arrive via tour bus.

## History

The cafe was started in Sikeston in 1942 by Earl Lambert, assisted by his wife Agnes, his brother Robert, and Robert's wife Ruby. In 1976 Earl's son Norman "'Ole Norm" Lambert, a former football coach at Sikeston High School, took over management. It was Norman who started the tradition of throwing rolls to customers. In 1981 he explained, "I started throwing rolls about four years ago when we were in our old cafe. It was too crowded one noon for me to serve the rolls to a customer and somebody yelled, 'Throw em.' So I threw them. So, now I do that about every noon meal and during the evenings too. The rolls are fresh, right out of the oven."

## Legal issues

In August 2015 the restaurant was sued by a customer who says he suffered permanent eye injuries after being struck by a hot roll thrown by a staff member. A lawyer acting for the plaintiff said Lambert's has been sued for similar injuries in the past. A Lambert's spokesman confirmed that other customers have previously sought damages for similar claims, and in some cases medical expenses have been paid.
# Friendship "Turtle" Park

Friendship "Turtle" Park is located at the junction of 45th and Van Ness Streets in the American University Park neighborhood of Washington, D.C. It is part of District of Columbia Department of Parks and Recreation. Renovation in 2015 was delayed because a sewer was discovered running under the recreation center.
# French ship Espadon

Three submarines of the French Navy have borne the name Espadon (meaning Swordfish):
* French submarine Espadon (1901), a Sirène-class submarine launched in 1901 and stricken in 1919
* French submarine Espadon (1926), a Requin-class submarine launched in 1926 and scuttled in 1943
* French submarine Espadon (S637), a French Narval-class submarine launched in 1958 and preserved as a museum ship in 1987
# Langon-sur-Cher

Langon-sur-Cher (French pronunciation:, literally Langon on Cher; before 2017: Langon) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.

## Geography

The Rère forms part of the commune's northern border.
# Lappila

Lappila is a village of Kärkölä municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. Its population is about 600. The village is located along the Riihimäki–Lahti railway, along which VR's regional trains stop at Lappila railway station. From the north, Lappila is bypassed by the main road 54, on the north side of which the Teuronjoki River flows near Lappila.
Lappila is the youngest of the villages of Kärkölä, inhabited only in the 16th and 17th centuries, being before that Vanaja' hunting ground; in the Kalmberg map of 1855–1856, the village is mentioned as "Lappila by" and there are three houses. A primary school was built in Lappila in the 1890s and opened in 1898. Teaching was transferred in 1951 to a new stone school, which was closed in 2012. The wooden school later housed a library. In 1934, the Lappilinna youth club was built in the village.
A local sports association called Lappila Nousu has been organizing the Finnish Beach Wrestling Championships since 2015.
# Lapping film

Lapping film, in telecommunications, is a precision coated abrasive consumable mainly used for processing and polishing optical fiber connectors. It is made from a polyester base sheet, coated with precisely graded minerals such as diamond, aluminium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxide or cerium oxide. Lapping film is designed to provide a uniform, consistent finish on optical fiber connector end tips to ensure efficient light/signal transmission. It is available in 0.01-45 μm grades, with or without pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) backing.
# Lappin

Lappin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## People

* Harry Lappin (1879–1925), English footballer
* Jessica Lappin (born 1975), Democratic New York City Councilwoman
* Lauren Lappin (born 1984), American softball player, Olympic silver medallist
* Linda Lappin (born 1953), poet, novelist, and translator from Tennessee
* Matthew Lappin (born 1976), Australian rules footballer
* Nigel Lappin (born 1976), former professional Australian rules footballer
* Peter Lappin (born 1965), professional ice hockey player
* Ryan Lappin, Australian television personality and musician
* Simon Lappin (born 1983), Scottish professional footballer
# Friedrich-Karl Burckhardt

Hauptmann (Captain) Friedrich-Karl Burckhardt was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories. He was a professional soldier who already held a pilot's license when World War I began. He served on the Eastern Front until 28 November 1916, when he was promoted to command Jagdstaffel 25 in Macedonia. On 25 February 1918, he was withdrawn back to Germany, where he eventually commanded a home defense squadron until war's end. He scored victories over British, Italian, and French pilots, and was one of the few German aces to serve in aviation for the entirety of World War I.

## Early life and prewar service

Friedrich-Karl Burckhardt was born on 24 December 1889 in Koslin, Prussia, which is now located in Poland. From 1902 to 1904, he served as a cadet. He then joined Prussian Infantry Regiment No. 54. He was already interested in aviation; he garnered Pilot's License No. 418 on 27 May 1913. He then transferred to military aviation.

## World War I service

As World War I began, Burckhardt was serving in Feldflieger Abteilung (Field Flier Detachment) 14 on the Eastern Front during August 1914. He was awarded the Iron Cross Second Class on 9 September 1914. He was wounded on 27 September. On 28 October 1914 he was awarded the First Class Iron Cross. He remained with Feldflieger Abteilung 14 until December 1915.
He transferred to Feldflieger Abteilung 30, serving with them until 28 November 1916. He was then appointed to command Jagdstaffel 25, a fighter squadron stationed in Macedonia. Between 15 January and 5 July 1917, he downed four enemy aircraft and an observation balloon. In August 1917, he was again decorated, this time with the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern. On 25 February 1918, he was recalled to Germany. Once there, he was appointed to lead a home defense unit, Kampfeinsitzerstaffel (Combat Single-seater Squadron) 4a.

## List of aerial victories

See also Aerial victory standards of World War I
| No. | Date/time | Foe | Result | Location | Notes |
| 1 | 15 January 1917 | Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c | Destroyed | Smolari (near Lake Dorian) | Victim from No. 47 Squadron RFC |
| 2 | 29 April 1917 @ 1030 hours | Maurice Farman serial number 1957 | Destroyed | West of Suhodol and Rijah | Victim from Italian Squadriglia 47 |
| 3 | 5 May 1917 @ 1140 hours | Observation balloon | Destroyed | Ribarci | |
| 4 | 31 May 1917 @ 0820 hours | Nieuport 12 | Destroyed | Čanište (northeast of Monastir) | Victim from French Escadrille N.524 |
| 5 | 5 July 1917 | Farman | Destroyed | Vicinity of Bač (northeast of Monastir) | Victim from French Escadrille 503 |

## Postwar

He died on 18 June 1962.

## Awards and honors

* Iron Cross of 1914
** 2nd class: 9 September 1914
** 1st class: 28 October 1914
* Royal House Order of Hohenzollern
* Order of Bravery (Bulgaria)

## Sources of information

* 1 2 The Aerodrome website page on Burckhardt http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/germany/burckhardt.php
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Franks et al 1993, p. 91.
# Nikola Kastner

Nikola Kastner (born 1983 in Hamburg, West Germany) is an actress who has appeared in numerous German films and television productions. She is best known internationally for her roles in Homeland and Deutschland 83.
She took private acting lessons as a child and from 2000 to 2002 appeared on stage at the Deutsches Schauspielhaus in Hamburg. Her film roles include Black Forest (2010), Phoenix and The Origin of Violence (2016).
# Reggane District

Reggane District is a district of Adrar Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 33,540.

## Communes

The district is further divided into 2 communes:
* Reggane
* Sali
# Papuanthes

Papuanthes is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Loranthaceae. The only species is Papuanthes albertisii.
Its native range is New Guinea.
# Jackfish Lake (Alberta)

Jackfish Lake is a lake in Parkland County, Alberta.
The lake is named after the northern pike found in the lake, often locally called a jackfish. The lake also contains walleye and yellow perch
Parkland County operates the Jackfish Lake Recreation Area and Boat Launch located just off of Highway 770 at Township Road 522. It features a boat launch for motorized boats, beach area for swimming, fishing, and a picnic area. The park is open in the winter months for ice fishing.
It is located about 60 kilometres west of the city of Edmonton and 25 km west of the town of Stony Plain.
With approximately 60 per cent of the shoreline developed, Alberta Environment considers Jackfish Lake to be at high risk of water quality and natural habitat deterioration. Heavy use of the lake including boat congestion has amplified these risks.
The Jackfish Lake Management Association is an independent community-based, non-profit organization formed in 1995. The mission of the JLMA is to provide for the management and conservation of Jackfish Lake resources for present and future generations; specifically the management and conservation of surface use, safety, water quality, fish and wildlife, and development. Over the last 25 years, the residents of Jackfish Lake have worked closely with each another, with the Government of Alberta and with Parkland County to attempt to address lake ecosystem challenges with the intent of ensuring the lake's long term viability and environmental sustainability.
# William Grant Stevenson

William Grant Stevenson, RSA (7 March 1849 – 6 May 1919) was a Scottish sculptor and portrait painter.

## Life and work

Stevenson was born in Ratho in Midlothian on 7 March 1849. His elder brother, David Watson Stevenson (1842–1904), was also a sculptor and an elected member of the Royal Scottish Academy.
Stevenson is most famous for his colossal bronze figure of Sir William Wallace, which stands on a high plinth of roughly hewn pink granite overlooking Union Terrace Gardens in Aberdeen. His bronze Robert Burns is the centrepiece of the Burns Monument, Kilmarnock, and copies are located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (N. Prospect Ave.) and Denver, Colorado (City Park).
Stevenson had his studio at 13 Dalry Road and lived nearby at 63 Haymarket Terrace.
His most public work is his contribution of three figures to the Scott Monument on Princes Street in Edinburgh: Caleb Balderstone, Peter Peebles, and The Abbess. The three are somewhat lost within the huge complexity of the building, and its total of 68 figurative statues.
Stevenson also immortalized great figures of his time. One of his subjects was James Carnegie, 9th Earl of Southesk (1827–1905). In the portrayal the Earl is wearing his collar as a Knight of the Order of the Thistle, the highest honour which the monarch can bestow in Scotland. The image is an uncompromising image of a man who was considered a powerful and romantic figure who had travelled the wilds of 19th century Canada.
In his later life Stevenson's studio was at 4 Belford Road near Dean Bridge. He lived at 8 Osborne Terrace.
He published the book Wee Johnnie Paterson in 1915.
Stevenson died on 6 May 1919, aged 70. He is buried with his brother, who preceded him in death by fifteen years, in Grange Cemetery in Edinburgh. The stone lies in the south-west section of the original cemetery and carries a bronze portrait of William by Henry Snell Gamley. His wife Jane Dickson (1855–1927) is also buried with him.
A painting of William Grant Stevenson by Charles Martin Hardie is held in the National Gallery of Scotland.
# Raymond Wean

Raymond J. Wean a.k.a. "Big Ray" (born c. 1935 Greenpoint, Brooklyn) was a Bonanno crime family associate who worked under capo Joe Massino and Dominick Napolitano.

## Biography

Raymond Wean was of English descent with relatives originating from Yorkshire, England, but born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. His family heritage could never allow him to join the ranks of the Bonanno crime family like fellow Massino associate German-American Duane Leisenheimer, but Raymond was allowed to work for the family as mainly an enforcer. Ray was a Philip Rastelli loyalist. He was described by FBI Special Agent Joseph Colgan that once when arresting him, he couldn't get the handcuffs around Wean's thick wrists. Colgan would also say, "Wean was a psychopath. He would have killed you and not batted an eye. But he was terrified of Joey (Massino)".
FBI Special Agent Joseph Pistone described Raymond as being a "tall, stocky, thick-handed guy". He never married, but maintained a relationship with a common-law wife. He suffered a heart attack in the 1970s and became afraid of dying in prison after being branded a three-time felon after his arrest in 1977. While he was sentenced to municipal jail in Manhattan his wife never received financial support from Joe Massino. FBI Special Agent Joseph Colgan and an assistant U.S. attorney testified before a special secret court hearing to lower Wean's $100,000 bail to $40,000 in exchange to testify. Ray's parents agreed and posted bail for him. He was an avid pool player and would compete with John Cersani and Dominick Napolitano at The Studio Lounge in Greenpoint, Brooklyn. While testifying against Massino he stated that he committed around "roughly 200 crimes".$^{:130}$
Wean was arrested with Massino after conspiring to receive 225 cartons of merchandise stolen from an interstate shipment contained in a Hemingway Transport truck. Massino was tried for the truck hijacking in 1977 and acquitted. Wean was convicted and sentenced to three years in prison. In 1987, Massino was tried for murder and undercover FBI agent Joseph D. Pistone and Wean, now an FBI informant, testified against him.
Joe Massino was acquitted of the triple homicide and the conspiracies to murder Bonanno crime family mobster Joseph Pastore and Anthony Indelicato, after having already ordered and performed the task of executing his father, Alphonse Indelicato. He was the individual who informed the FBI of the plan for Massino to have Benjamin Ruggiero murdered for his association with undercover FBI agent Joe Pistone. He also revealed to the FBI, information about his involvement in the botched home invasion of Princess Ashraf Pahlavi, a sister to the Shah of Iran in 1980. He and John Cersani were let into the townhouse at 29 Beekman Place passing themselves off as air conditioner delivery men. During the robbery, Ray was shot in the hand while struggling with the security guard.
# Rauflihorn

The Rauflihorn (also known as Blutlighorn) is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located east of St. Stephan in the Bernese Oberland, Switzerland.

## Borders

It lies east of the Spillgerte, on the range that separates the valley of Diemtigen from the Simmental.
# Guindo

Guindo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aboubacar Guindo (born 1981), Malian football player
* Brahima Guindo (born 1977), Malian judoka
* Daouda Guindo (born 2002), Malian footballer
* Housseini Amion Guindo (born 1970), Malian politician
* Modibo Tounty Guindo, Malian judge
* Moussa Guindo (born 1991), Ivorian-Malian football player