OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pirne

Pirne is a village in Aytos Municipality, in Burgas Province, in southeastern Bulgaria.
Pirne Peak in Antarctica is named after the village.
# Pietro Balestra

Pietro Balestra may refer to:
* Pietro Balestra (sculptor) (c. 1672 – after 1729), Italian sculptor
* Pietro Balestra (economist) (1935–2005), Swiss economist
# Gambling in Turkey

Gambling in Turkey is highly regulated. Turkey banned casinos in 1998, and it banned non-state online gambling in 2006. A state lottery (Milli Piyango) and betting services exists, however, and has some online gambling, and illegal gambling continues to persist.

## History

Gambling horses were originally legalised in 1984, and casinos in 1990. New restrictions were introduced in September 1996, including limiting opening hours to 8 hours per day and requiring winnings to be paid by cheque. These followed the July 1996 assassination of "casino king" Ömer Lütfü Topal. A law banning casinos (partly because of accusations of money-laundering) was unexpectedly announced and approved in December 1996 and (following legal action against it) took effect on 11 February 1998. However, illegal casinos continue to exist. At the time of the ban casinos were a $1bn industry employing around 20,000 people. Sudi Özkan, another "casino king" with 20 casinos, left the country for a time, after the Ministry of Treasury and Finance found that he allegedly siphoned nearly $700m to Switzerland "off the books," eventually returning under a tax amnesty offered by Turkish authorities.
Online gambling was banned in 2006, but the measures to ban it have had limited success. In 2009 it was estimated that a quarter of Swedish firm Betsson's revenues came from Turkey. In 2013 the Turkish Parliament planned to increase penalties for those using online gambling as well as those enabling financial transactions in relation to online gambling.

## Online gambling

Online gambling in Turkey is currently prohibited, with the exception of the state-owned sports betting company, IDDAA, which is the only Turkish entity that is allowed to offer internet gambling services. The law that prohibits online gambling in Turkey was passed in 2007 and recently, Turkey has also been taking measures to prevent players from using foreign internet gambling websites as well. Despite the ban on gambling, many Turkish players continue to bet on online gambling sites and are recognized as leading gamblers. In 2013 Turkish government issued the law by which Turkey has become the first country in the world to target individual players instead of gambling operators. Sanctions for anyone caught in Turkey to access online gambling services is a penalty of between £100 and £500 (about $55–278). Casino operators dealing with the Turkish market and bankers serving them can also face the prison conditions at the same time.
# Pipasar

Pipasar is a village in the Nagaur district of Rajasthan, India.

## Historical Significance

Guru Jambheswar Ji, also known as Jambhoji, was born to a Parmar (clan) in Pipasar village of Nagaur district of Rajasthan in the year 1451, Vikrami Samvat 1508, on Krishna (black) 8th day of Bhadarpad month (same day of Krishna's birth).
# Piparwar

Piparwar is a village in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
# Pisonia ekmani

Pisonia ekmani is a species of plant in the Nyctaginaceae family. It is endemic to Cuba.
# Garlyano

Garlyano is a village in Kyustendil Municipality, Kyustendil Province, south-western Bulgaria.
# Garlède-Mondebat

Garlède-Mondebat is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.
# Obert Moyo

Obert Moyo (born 29 July 1985) is a retired Zimbabwean football defender.
# Queen Alexandra Bridge

The Queen Alexandra Bridge is a road traffic, pedestrian and former railway bridge spanning the River Wear in North East England, linking the Deptford and Southwick areas of Sunderland. The steel truss bridge was designed by Charles A. Harrison (a nephew of Robert Stephenson's assistant). It was built by Sir William Arrol between 1907 and 1909 and officially opened by The Earl of Durham, on behalf of Queen Alexandra on 10 June 1909.
In 1899 the North Eastern Railway and the Sunderland Corporation agreed to build the bridge to improve communications across the river and to connect the coalfields of Annfield Plain and Washington with Sunderland's south docks. Before the completion of the bridge, road traffic crossing the river had to use one of two ferries which crossed below near to where the bridge is today. As the bridge was due to be built near to the successful shipyards of the Wear, a clause in the North Eastern Railway Act 1900 (63 & 64 Vict. c. clxii) required that only one arch span be built over the river to give a clearance of 85 ft (26 m) above high water level.
The approaches to the bridge were completed in 1907 by the Mitchell Brothers of Glasgow. The steel bridge comprises three 200-foot (61 m) spans (weighing 1,000 tonnes each), plus a 300-foot (91 m) main span across the river (weighing 2,600 tonnes), and was the heaviest bridge in the United Kingdom at the time. The bridge was built from each side of the river and the two halves came together at noon on 15 October 1908. In all, a total of 8,500 tonnes of steel, 4,500 tonnes of granite, 60,000 tonnes of red sandstone from Dumfries, and 350,000 bricks were used. The total cost was £450,000 (equivalent to £46.6 million in 2016). The bridge also housed gas and water mains and in later years, high voltage electricity cables and a pumped rising-main for sewage.
About six million tonnes of coal passed over the upper-deck annually for export, but the trade rapidly declined at the end of the 1910s. For the last few years only one train per day passed over the bridge. The last goods train ran over in 1921, but the lower-deck continues as a valuable road link. In the Second World War, the upper-deck was used as a searchlight and anti-aircraft platform. The railway and decking at each end of the bridge were finally removed near to the end of the 20th century. A large free standing brick and stone viaduct fragment remains on the north side of the Bridge.
From 21 March 2005, the bridge was temporarily restricted to southbound traffic whilst repainting and repair work was carried out on the 96-year-old structure, which was due to take almost a year to complete. It reopened for both lanes of traffic on 12 October 2006, having been partly closed for 18 months and costing £6.3m in repairs.
Previously classified as part of the A1231, the road across the bridge was reclassified as the B1539 when the Northern Spire Bridge was opened to traffic on 29 August 2018.
# Math, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Math is a village of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°50'22N 71°47'12E with an altitude of 1083 metres (3556 feet).
# Micratelodesmis

Micratelodesmis minor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Micratelodesmis. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 2012. It is known from Costa Rica.
# Immaculate Irumba

Immaculate Irumba Komuhangi (born c. 1977), commonly known as Immaculate Irumba, is a Ugandan banker and corporate executive, who works as the chief operating officer (COO) of Cairo Bank Uganda, a commercial bank in the country. Prior to that, she was the senior projects manager at Housing Finance Bank, another commercial bank.

## Background and education

Komuhangi is a Ugandan national. She attended local primary and secondary schools, before being admitted to Makerere University, Uganda's largest and oldest public university. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Social Sciences degree from there, in 2000. Her second degree, a Masters of Arts in Economic Policy and Planning, was also awarded by Makerere University. She also holds a Postgraduate Diploma in Financial Management, obtained from the Uganda Management Institute, in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. She holds ITIL certification and is a qualified Project Management Professional (PMP).

## Career

As of June 2021, Komuhangi's banking career stretched back over 17 years. Her expertise spans bank operations, retail banking and business technology. Starting out as a branch manager with Stanbic Bank Uganda Limited, where she spent five years, she was hired by Housing Finance Bank (HFB), Uganda's largest mortgage lender. She spent a total of ten years there. At HFB, she led the bank's "digital transformation" process. In 2019, she left HFB and joined Cairo Bank Uganda, where she heads the bank's operations department. She is a member of the senior management team at Cairo Bank Uganda.

## Personal

She is a married mother of three children.

## Other considerations

Komuhangi is a member of the Project Management Institute and of the Institute of Corporate Governance of Uganda, two corporate entities in the country.
# New Public Cemetery, Budapest

New Public Cemetery (Hungarian: Új köztemető or Rákoskeresztúri sírkert) is the largest cemetery in Budapest and one of the largest in Europe with an area of about 2.07 km$^2$ and 3 million burials since its opening in 1886. It is adjacent to the Kozma Street Cemetery; the largest Jewish cemetery in Hungary. Its main building, which was constructed in 1903, has a 26-meter-high bell tower. In addition to its rich vegetation and wide avenues, the cemetery is famous for plot 301, where the martyrs of the 1956 revolution were buried. Today, an enormous modern monument by György Jovánovics marks their graves.

## History and description

The New Cemetery opened on May 1, 1886. The first funeral took place on August 6, 1886, when Victoria Závoly; the widow of a laborer was buried. The cemetery was expanded five times and now covers around more than 2 km$^2$. To date, approximately 3 million people have been interred at the New Public Cemetery of Budapest.

## Plot 301

Imre Nagy, the Prime Minister of Hungary and 260 others executed by the Soviets in 1958, were buried in an unmarked grave in the New Public Cemetery. Nagy was disinterred and given a state funeral in 1989.

## Notable interments

* Imre Nagy (1896-1958), Hungarian communist politician who was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary on two occasions
* Pál Maléter (1917-1958), Hungarian general executed along with Imre Nagy
* Gyula Aggházy (1850-1919), Hungarian painter and teacher
* Jenő Brandi (1913-1980), Hungarian water polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics and in the 1948 Summer Olympics
* Lajos Keresztes (1900-1978), Hungarian wrestler and Olympic champion in Greco-Roman wrestling
* István Kozma (1939-1970), Hungarian wrestler, Olympic champion and world champion in Greco-Roman wrestling
* Béla Goldoványi (1925-1972), Hungarian athlete
* Márton Bukovi (1903-1985), Hungarian association football player and manager
* Gábor Bódy (1946-1985), Hungarian film director, screenwriter, theoretic
# New Violent Breed Volume 2

New Violent Breed Volume 2 is a various artists compilation album released in April 2001 by COP International.

## Reception

Elektronski Zvuk criticized New Violent Breed Volume 2 for not meeting the success of the previous entry and failing to provide new material of interest for the listener. StarVox Music Zine said the collection "represents the best that terror and noise industrial has to offer" and "stays on target the whole way through -- it has a definite musical theme, and all the tracks stick to it."

## Personnel

Adapted from the New Violent Breed Volume 2 liner notes.
* Guido Nockemann – photography
* Stefan "D-Core" Noltemeyer – mastering, design
* Christian Petke (as Count Zero) – compiling
* Matthew Vickerstaff – cover art, illustrations

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 2001 | COP Intl. | CD | COP 063 |
# Neurocalcin

Neurocalcin is a neuronal calcium-binding protein that belongs to the neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) family of proteins. It expressed in mammalian brains. It possesses a Ca$^{2+}$/myristoyl switch
The subclass of neurocalcins are brain-specific proteins that fit into the EF-hand superfamily of calcium binding proteins. The NCS family were defined by the photoreceptor cell-specific protein, recoverin. Neurocalcin was purified from the bovine brain by using calcium-dependent drug affinity chromatography. The amino acid sequence showed that neurocalcin has three functional calcium binding sites. It is expressed in the central nervous system, retina, and adrenal gland. With this unique pattern of expression it is thought that neurcalcin offers a different physiological role than similar proteins visinin and recoverin.
Neurocalcin delta an isoform of Neurocalcin is known to regulate adult neurogenesis ( Upadhyay et al., 2019)
# Neurocalyx

Neurocalyx is a plant genus in the coffee family Rubiaceae. Species are found in southern India and Sri Lanka.

## Species

The Plant List and the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognise 5 accepted species:
* Neurocalyx bremeri M.B.Viswan., Manik. & Tangav.
* Neurocalyx calycinus (R.Br. ex Benn.) Rob.
* Neurocalyx championii Benth. ex Thwaites
* Neurocalyx gardneri Thwaites
* Neurocalyx zeylanicus Hook.
# Neuroborreliosis

Neuroborreliosis is a disorder of the central nervous system. A neurological manifestation of Lyme disease, neuroborreliosis is caused by a systemic infection of spirochetes of the genus Borrelia. Symptoms of the disease include erythema migrans and flu-like symptoms.

## Signs and symptoms

Neuroborreliosis is often preceded by the typical symptoms of Lyme disease, which include erythema migrans and flu-like symptoms such as fever and muscle aches. Neurologic symptoms of neuroborreliosis include the meningoradiculitis (which is more common in European patients), cranial nerve abnormalities, and altered mental status. Sensory findings may also be present. Rarely, a progressive form of encephalomyelitis may occur. In children, symptoms of neuroborreliosis include headache, sleep disturbance, and symptoms associated with increased intracranial pressure, such as papilledema. Less common childhood symptoms can include meningitis, myelitis, ataxia, and chorea. Ocular Lyme disease has also been reported, as has neuroborreliosis affecting the spinal cord, but neither of these findings are common.

## Diagnosis
### Differential diagnosis

A number of diseases can produce symptoms similar to those of Lyme neuroborreliosis. They include:
* Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
* Viral meningitis
* Multiple sclerosis
* Bell's palsy
Diagnosis is determined by clinical examination of visible symptoms. Neuroborreliosis can also be diagnosed serologically to confirm clinical examination via western blot, ELISA, and PCR.

## Treatment

In the US, neuroborreliosis is typically treated with intravenous antibiotics which cross the blood–brain barrier, such as penicillins, ceftriaxone, or cefotaxime. One relatively small randomized controlled trial suggested ceftriaxone was more effective than penicillin in the treatment of neuroborreliosis. Small observational studies suggest ceftriaxone is also effective in children. The recommended duration of treatment is 14 to 28 days.
Several studies from Europe have suggested oral doxycycline is as effective as intravenous ceftriaxone in treating neuroborreliosis. Doxycycline has not been widely studied as a treatment in the US, but antibiotic sensitivities of prevailing European and US isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi tend to be identical. However, doxycycline is generally not prescribed to children due to the risk of bone and tooth damage.
Discredited treatments for neuroborreliosis include:
* Malariotherapy
* Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
* Colloidal silver
* Injections of hydrogen peroxide and bismacine
# Nevill Barbour

Nevill Barbour (17 February 1895 – December 1972) was a BBC journalist and reporter who wrote about the Arab world.
He was born in Eastbourne, England. He was the son of Sir David Barbour, who worked in the British bureaucracy in India. He served as the BBC correspondent in Palestine during World War II and after that returned to England, where he was appointed head of the Arab Department at the BBC. He was the editor of "The Arab Listener" published by the BBC.
During the Algerian independence movement, Barbour helped in securing the transfer of media reporters from the Tunisian border to the combat units of the interior. In particular he worked with Djelloul Khatib.
In April 1945, Barbour was one of three Christians (the others being Col. Newcombe and Ralph Beaumont MP) and three Jews (Albert Montefiore Hyamson and Jewish Fellowship members Emile Marmorstein and Rabbi Dr Israel Mattuck) as well as three Muslims to draw up A Constitution for Palestine. This was, according to Newcombe, a 'logical and moderate plea written in a matter of fact and convincing way' that attempted to show a non-Zionist solution to the Palestine problem composed by Christians, Jews and Muslims. The document broadly reiterated the Hyamson-Newcombe proposal, where an independent Palestinian state would be characterised by control of their own municipal authorities.
# New York University Graduate School of Arts and Science

The New York University Graduate School of Arts and Science (GSAS) is a school within New York University (NYU) founded in 1886 by Henry Mitchell MacCracken, establishing NYU as the second academic institution in the United States to grant Ph.D. degrees on academic performance and examination. The School is housed in the Silver Center, several departments have their own buildings and houses around Washington Square. The graduate program at Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, although run independently, is formally associated with the graduate school.
Along with the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development and the New York University Institute of Fine Arts, the Graduate School participates in the Inter-University Doctoral Consortium (IUDC), which allows doctoral students to cross-register at member institutions. Participating schools are CUNY Graduate Center, Fordham University, New School for Social Research, Columbia University, Princeton University, Rutgers University, and Stony Brook University.

## Academics

There are approximately 1,600 Ph.D. students and 3,000 master's students enrolled in the Graduate School. Students hail from more than 200 undergraduate institutions, all fifty states, and from more than 100 other countries. GSAS has one of the largest and most diverse international student populations in the United States. International students represent between 40% and 45% of the student body. GSAS offers 48 programs and many interdisciplinary and advanced degrees, including doctorates, master's, and certificates.
The following Departments and Programs are offered:
* Africana Studies
* Asian/Pacific/American Studies
* Anthropology
* Basic Medical Sciences
* Biology
* Biomaterial
* Biomedical Sciences
* Chemistry
* Cinema Studies
* Classics
* Comparative Literature
* Computer Science
* Creative Writing
* East Asian Studies
* Economics
* English
* Environmental Health Sciences
* Ergonomics and Biomechanics
* European and Mediterranean Studies
* Fine Arts
* French
* French Studies
* German
* Hebrew and Judaic Studies
* History
* Historical & Sustainable Architecture
* International Relations
* Irish and Irish American Studies
* Italian Studies
* John W. Draper Interdisciplinary Master's Program in Humanities and Social Thought
* Journalism
* Latin American and Caribbean Studies
* Law and Society
* Linguistics
* Mathematics
* Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies
* Museum Studies
* Music
* Near Eastern Studies
* Neural Science
* Performance Studies
* Philosophy
* Physics
* Poetics and Theory
* Politics
* Psychology
* Psychotherapy Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, Postdoctoral Program
* Religious Studies
* Russian and Slavic Studies
* Sociology
* Spanish and Portuguese

## Notable alumni

For a list of notable Alumni and Professors of the NYU Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, see List of NYU GSAS People. See also List of New York University People.
# Newbury Town Hall

Newbury Town Hall is a municipal building in the Market Place in Newbury, Berkshire, England. The building, which is the meeting place of Newbury Town Council, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The site for the first town hall in Newbury had been occupied by several properties belonging to a Mr Thomas Stockwell. Originally referred to as the "town house", it was designed by John Wood of Bath and constructed in the Market Place by a local building firm, Clarkes, and completed in 1742. The building was arcaded on the ground floor so markets could be held and there was a room known as the "great hall" on the first floor. Subsequent acquisitions for use in the great hall included two chandeliers, financed by a donation, in 1770 and two paintings by the Italian artist, Cosino Fioravante, in 1776.
In 1825, the UK Parliament passed the Newbury and Speenhamland Improvement Act, which, among other matters, contemplated a new town hall to replace "the ancient building then standing in the Market Place". The foundation stone for the new "municipal buildings" was laid by the mayor, William George Adey, on 30 August 1876. The structure was designed by James H. Money in the Gothic style and officially opened by the Earl of Carnarvon on 7 May 1878. The new municipal buildings were enhanced by the erection of a clock tower, which was financed by a public subscription campaign organised by the mayor, James Benjamin Stone, and completed in 1881. The Cambridge-chiming clock was designed and manufactured by Potts of Leeds.
The design involved an asymmetrical main frontage with five bays facing onto the Market Square; the central section of three bays, which were gabled, featured two-light arched windows on the first floor. The left hand bay featured a tower and the right hand bay featured a doorway on the ground floor with a balcony and a tall four-stage clock tower above. Internally, the principal room was the council chamber at the front of the building on the first floor.
The original town house was demolished in 1908 to make way for an extension to the rear, in a similar style to the municipal buildings, which was completed in 1910. During the First World War the town hall acted a recruiting base for potential soldiers for Kitchener's Army. It continued to serve as the headquarters of the municipal borough of Newbury for much of the 20th century and remained the local seat of government when the enlarged Newbury District Council was formed in 1974. However, it ceased to be the local civic meeting place when the district council moved to the Council Offices in Market street in 1980.
A plaque was installed on the town hall to commemorate the visit by Queen Elizabeth II, to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the granting of a Royal Charter, on 25 October 1996. The building then became the home of Newbury Town Council when it was formed in 1997.
Works of art in the town hall included portraits by Allan Ramsay of King George III and of Queen Charlotte.