OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Notoseris

Notoseris is a genus of Asian flowering plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. The plants are native to Asia, primarily China.

## Species

* Notoseris dolichophylla C.Shih
* Notoseris guizhouensis C.Shih
* Notoseris khasiana (C.B. Clarke) N. Kilian
* Notoseris macilenta (Vaniot & H. Lév.) N. Kilian
* Notoseris melanantha (Franch.) C.Shih
* Notoseris nanchuanensis C.Shih
* Notoseris porphyrolepis C.Shih
* Notoseris psilolepis C.Shih
* Notoseris triflora (Hemsl.) C.Shih
* Notoseris wilsonii C.Shih
* Notoseris yakoensis (Jeffrey) N. Kilian
* Notoseris yunnanensis C.Shih
# 1966 in Cyprus

Events in the year 1966 in Cyprus.

## Incumbents

* President: Makarios III
* President of the Parliament: Glafcos Clerides

## Events

* The Cyprus Basketball Federation was established.
# OIV

OIV may refer to:
* Office International de la Vigne et du Vin or International Organisation of Vine and Wine
* OiV or Odašiljači i veze, a Croatian telecommunications operator
* Organismo Italiano di Valutazione or Italian Business Valuation Society
# Adams Street Shul

The Adams Street Shul, officially the Congregation Agudas Achim Anshei Sfard, is a Modern Orthodox Jewish synagogue located at 168 Adams Street in the village of Nonantum in Newton, Massachusetts, in the United States. Built in 1912 for a congregation established in 1911, it is home to Newton's oldest Jewish congregation, and one of the oldest in the region still occupying its original synagogue.
Its Romanesque Revival-style building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 16, 1990.

## Architecture and history

The Adams Street Shul is located on the north side of Adams Street a short way east of Watertown Street (Massachusetts Route 16), the main road through Nonantum Village. It is a single-story brick structure, three bays wide, with a pair of round-arch windows flanking the main entrance, which is also set in a round-arch opening. Above the entrance is an oculus window with a Star of David.
The synagogue was built in 1912 by a Jewish congregation established in 1911. It was Newton's only synagogue until 1937, when Temple Emanuel was completed on Ward Street. It was built with significant contribution of labor by the congregation, which included skilled craftsmen. The Torah ark and bema were added in 1924, the work of a Jewish-Ukrainian craftsman, who also created the Vilna Shul ark. The interior has seen only modest alterations since its construction. The congregation has remained small but steady, with many families having multiple generations of membership.
# Otterbäcken

Otterbäcken right on the shores of Vänern is a locality situated in Gullspång Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 722 inhabitants in 2010.

## Business

In Otterbäcken is a plywood factory run by Moelven-Vänerply. The plant is capable of producing 95,000 m³ of plywood a year. The company has about 160 employees and is the largest employer in the municipality.
During summer the campsite with its beach, playground, small kiosk and volleyball field attracts tourists and also the drive-in bingo during the later half of summer draws crowds. In the winter the local bandy team Otterbäckens BK is the great attraction.
# Eugene Palmer (artist)

Eugene Oliver Palmer (born 1955) is a Jamaican-born British artist. His work uses archival records, photographs, and contemporary media imagery as basis for his paintings. Palmer has had a long association with art curators and exhibitors Eddie Chambers and Keith Piper and is recognised as one of the leading Black artists working in Britain. He currently lives and works in St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex.

## Biography

Eugene Oliver Palmer was born in Kingston, Jamaica, and came to England as a child with his parents in 1966. Growing up, he was influenced by two different cultures and it is the memories of these and influences from them that have shaped his artistic career.
In the mid-1970s he completed an Art Foundation course in Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham, before going on to secure a BA (Hons) from Wimbledon School of Art in 1978, followed a few years later by a Teaching Certificate from Garnett College, London, and an MA in Painting from Goldsmiths College, in the mid-1980s.
Starting with colourful and bright abstract paintings of the early to mid-1980s, Palmer began exploring a variety of different areas of painting as his career progressed. Common themes in his work are explorations of cultural history and cultural identity.
His early career encompassed exhibiting at such venues as Bedford Gill Gallery, 198 Gallery, and the Duncan Campbell Gallery, and group exhibitions included the New Contemporaries, Caribbean Expressions in Britain in the mid-1980s and Black Art: Plotting the Course.

## Solo exhibitions

* Artist of the Day, selected by Sonia Boyce MBE, Flowers Gallery, London, 2014
# Eugene Pao

Eugene Pao is a jazz guitarist. He has played with Jeremy Monteiro's group Asiana.
# Eupithecia submiranda

Eupithecia submiranda is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Suriname.
The wingspan is about 18 mm. The forewings are dingy olive-ochreous. The markings are dull dark grey. The hindwings are similar, but the grey markings are much duller.
# Eurasian least shrew

The Eurasian least shrew (Sorex minutissimus), also called the lesser pygmy shrew, is the second-smallest mammal by mass after the Etruscan shrew.

## Appearance

The Eurasian least shrew weighs only 1.2–4 g (0.042–0.141 oz) and has a body less than 4 cm (1.6 in) long, with a 2.5 cm (0.98 in) tail. It has a brown back and a light grey underside, with a fairly clear boundary in between. The color of the back varies seasonally from chocolate brown in summer to light brown in winter. The same bicolor pattern extends to the tail, which has a dark brown tuft of hair at the end. The feet are the same color as the belly, with brown heels.

## Distribution

The Eurasian least shrew inhabits the northern taiga region, and is found throughout Siberia, in northern Europe (Finland, northern Sweden and parts of Norway) and on the islands of Sakhalin and Hokkaidō. It can be found in diverse habitats, including both coniferous and deciduous forests, open fields, and the edges of bogs. The population density appears to be fairly low throughout, though its prevalence may be underestimated in surveys since its small size lets it escape many commonly used traps.

## Behavior

Due to its small size and reclusive habits, the Eurasian least shrew can be difficult to spot. Like shrews in general, the Eurasian least shrew mainly eats insects, but will also dine on carrion or any other source of protein it finds. In winter, it may occasionally seek food indoors. Because of its small size for a mammal, the Eurasian least shrew has an extremely high metabolic rate and must eat frequently to avoid starvation; in captivity it has been reported to eat 120 meals a day, consuming three to four times its own weight each day. The Eurasian least shrew is active around the clock, with occasional sleep periods of 10–50 minutes each.
The Eurasian least shrew can swim well, and in captivity even seems to enjoy playing in water. Its small size also makes the Eurasian least shrew a phenomenal climber: it has been observed climbing up even the smooth inside corner of a glass terrarium. Its eyesight is poor, but it has very good hearing. While the Eurasian least shrew frequently emits sounds, much of its communication is in frequencies beyond the limits of human hearing.

## Breeding

The female Eurasian least shrew has one or two litters a year, each typically consisting of 3–6 offspring. Little is known about the typical lifetime of the Eurasian least shrew in the wild, but in captivity some have managed to reach an age of over 2.5 years.

## Identification

The Eurasian least shrew may be mistaken for the slightly larger Eurasian pygmy shrew (S. minutus), which is commonly found in the same areas. Besides the size difference, the two species may be distinguished by the tail and feet of the least shrew being noticeably shorter in proportion to its body.
# Eulophonotus

Eulophonotus is a genus of moths in the family Cossidae endemic to sub-Saharan Africa.

## Species

* Eulophonotus armstrongi (Hampson, 1914)
* Eulophonotus congoensis (Strand)
* Eulophonotus elegans (Aurivillius, 1910)
* Eulophonotus hyalinipennis (Strand, 1910)
* Eulophonotus myrmeleon Felder, 1874
* Eulophonotus nigrodiscalis Yakovlev, 2011
* Eulophonotus obesus (Karsch, 1900)
* Eulophonotus stephania (Druce, 1887)
# Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion

Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion (also known as passive double immunodiffusion) is an immunological technique used in the detection, identification and quantification of antibodies and antigens, such as immunoglobulins and extractable nuclear antigens. The technique is named after Örjan Ouchterlony, the Swedish physician who developed the test in 1948 to evaluate the production of diphtheria toxins from isolated bacteria.

## Procedure

A gel plate is cut to form a series of holes ("wells") in an agar or agarose gel. A sample extract of interest (for example human cells harvested from tonsil tissue) is placed in one well, sera or purified antibodies are placed in another well and the plate left for 48 hours to develop. During this time the antigens in the sample extract and the antibodies each diffuse out of their respective wells. Where the two diffusion fronts meet, if any of the antibodies recognize any of the antigens, they will bind to the antigens and form an immune complex. The immune complex precipitates in the gel to give a thin white line (precipitin line), which is a visual signature of antigen recognition.
The method can be conducted in parallel with multiple wells filled with different antigen mixtures and multiple wells with different antibodies or mixtures of antibodies, and antigen-antibody reactivity can be seen by observing between which wells the precipitate is observed. When more than one well is used there are many possible outcomes based on the reactivity of the antigen and antibody selected. The zone of equivalence lines may give a full identity (i.e. a continuous line), partial identity (i.e. a continuous line with a spur at one end), or a non-identity (i.e. the two lines cross completely).
The sensitivity of the assay can be increased by using a stain such as Coomassie brilliant blue, this is done by repeated staining and destaining of the assay until the precipitin lines are at maximum visibility.

## Theory

Precipitation occurs with most antigens because the antigen is multivalent (i.e. has several antigenic determinants per molecule to which antibodies can bind). Antibodies have at least two antigen binding sites (and in the case of immunoglobulin M there is a multimeric complex with up to 10 antigen binding sites), thus large aggregates or gel-like lattices of antigen and antibody are formed. Experimentally, an increasing amount of antigen is added to a constant amount of antibody in solution. Initially at low antigen concentration, all of the antibody is contained in the precipitate. This is called the antibody-excess zone (i.e. prozone phenomenon). As more antigen is added, the amount of protein precipitated increases until the antigen/antibody molecules are at an optimal ratio. This is known as the zone of equivalence or equivalence point. When the amount of antigen in solution exceeds the amount of antibody, the amount of precipitation will decrease. This is known as the antigen excess zone.
# Eunidia anteflava

Eunidia anteflava is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lepesme and Stephan von Breuning in 1953.
# Euphorbia mammillaris

Euphorbia mammillaris (often mis-spelled Euphorbia mamillaris) is a plant species endemic to Cape Province of South Africa. Euphorbia mammillaris, also known as African or Indian corn-cob, is a fast-growing shrublet, with thick stems that are chalky green, erect and ribbed.
The variegated form, E. mammillaris variegata, is normally a beige-white colour when protected under shade cover, trees, other plants, or rocks; its white stems will become tinged with magenta, fuchsia, and tones of rosy-pink in areas of more sun exposure, times of drought, or in colder weather. Nearing maturity, the plant can reach a foot to two feet tall. Each stem can have from seven to seventeen ribs of thick, hexagonal tubercles growing next to each other vertically, which resembles the look of a corn-cob. The pseudo-spines are pinkish white, thick and pointy, almost like blunt toothpicks, only up to 0.4 inches (1 cm) long and scattered around the top of the plants. From late winter to early summer, this succulent produces small red and orange flowers from each stem.
The scientific name E. mammillaris gives credence to the plant’s superficial resemblance to American cactus; in this case, the Mammillaria cacti. Ironically, most Mammillaria cacti are globular, low-growing plants, while Euphorbia mammillaris is rather vertical and columnar in shape and growth habit. However, this is outward appearance-specific, as this succulent is not a true cactus. Additionally, Euphorbia plants are all fairly toxic (poisonous if ingested), containing caustic latex sap, which drips profusely when the plant is damaged. Care must be taken and gloves worn when handling; if this liquid gets into an open wound on the skin, or into the eyes, mouth, ears, nose (or any mucous membrane), burning pain and allergic reaction is likely to occur. In certain extreme instances (especially if oral contact is made), swelling of the throat can develop, with anaphylactic shock and suffocation leading to possible death.
# Eugénie (disambiguation)

Eugénie is the French version of the female given name Eugenia.
Eugénie or Eugenie may also refer to:
* Eugénie (1793 ship), a French privateer
* Eugenie (play), by Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais
* Eugénie Archipelago, in the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan
* Eugenie Glacier, on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada
# Eupithecia contexta

Eupithecia contexta is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Eupithecia conterminata

Eupithecia conterminata is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found from Fennoscandia and the mountains of central Europe, through the Caucasus to southern Siberia.
The wingspan is 14–17 mm. There are two generations per year with adults on wing from the mid May to June.
The larvae feed on Picea abies. Larvae can be found from the end of July to mid August. It overwinters as a pupa.

## Subspecies

* Eupithecia conterminata conterminata
* Eupithecia conterminata idiopusillata Inoue, 1979
# Ougney-Douvot

Ougney-Douvot (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
# Ougrée-Marihaye

The Belgian iron and steel producing company Ougrée-Marihaye was formed in 1835 by the merger of the iron and steel works in Ougrée (nr. Seraing) in Liège Province, and the coal mines of Marihaye. The company merged with the Société anonyme John Cockerill in 1955 to form Cockerill-Ougrée.

## History

In 1809 the Fabrique de Fer d'Ougrée (English: Iron factory of Ougree) was founded, and in 1834 converted into an integrated works. In 1835 the Société des Charbonnages et Hauts-Fourneaux d'Ougrée (English: Coal and blast furnace company of Ougree) was founded.
In 1892 the two companies merged to form the Sociéte anonyme Ougrée, this then merged with the Société des Charbonnages de Marihaye (English: Coal company of Marihaye) in 1900 to form the Sociéte anonym Ougrée-Marihaye.
In 1905 it merged with the Sociéte anonyme des Hauts forneaux de Rodange (Rodange, Luxembourg). In 1929 it took over the SA des Charbonnages de Fontaine-l'Évêque (English: Coal company of Fontaine-l'Évêque), and in 1931 Alliance Monceau based in Monceau-sur-Sambre.
It was one of the primary metal producers in Belgium; by 1914 it operated 8 blast furnaces, and had a steel production capacity of 500,000 tonnes, producing semi and finished products such as bar, plate, beams and rails. German occupation during the First World War brought much damage to the plant at Ougrée, after the war only two blast furnaces were operational; rebuilding took place between 1919 and 1924. Also between 1905 and 1928 the company operated an industrial rack railway at one of its factories in Ougrée.
In 1923 in association with the Société de l'Air Liquide the company founded the Société Belge de l'Azote, based in Ougrée which produced synthetic ammonia. The negative effects of the 1930s depression caused the company to require financial assistance; restructuring followed; in 1936 the company's facilities in Hainaut became a separate company Aciéries et Minières de la Sambre (AMS), and in 1937 the Rodange plant became an independent entity as Minière et Métallurgique de Rodange (MMR)
In 1955 the company merged with the Société anonyme John Cockerill to form Cockerill-Ougrée.

### Legacy

The factory in Ougrée became one of the primary hot production sites of the ArcelorMittal Liège division along with works at Seraing and Chertal. Due to the economic downturn caused by the financial crisis of 2007–2010 blast furnace B temporarily stopped production from spring 2009 to April 2010.
In 2011, all liquid steel production in the ArcelorMittal Liège division was ended, resulting in protests, strikes, and the temporary encapsulation of several ArcellorMittal executives as protest against the closure. The company cited overcapacity, and uncompetitiveness as reasons for the closure; a report by Syndex commissioned by trade unions contradicted the claims of un-competitiveness, claiming ArcelorMittal's reports used biased accounting unions officials called for the liegeois steel industry to be taken into ownership outside ArcellorMittal to protect it.
# Our Lady Help of Christians Chapel (Cheektowaga, New York)

Chapel of Our Lady Help of Christians, also known as the Maria Hilf Chapel, is a historic Roman Catholic church located at Cheektowaga in Erie County, New York. It is part of the Diocese of Buffalo.

## Description

The Chapel of Our Lady Help of Christians was constructed in 1853, in the Greek Revival style, as a religious center for the rural Alsatian community and pilgrimage site for urban Alsatian, German, Polish, and Italian immigrants to Our Lady Help of Christians. The interior features a barrel vault ceiling, wooden church mobiliary, frescos, paintings, and other features that reflect an Alsatian village church.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
# Eutelsat Quantum

Eutelsat Quantum is a communications satellite developed in the framework of a public-private partnership between the European Space Agency, Eutelsat and Airbus Defence and Space. Operated by Eutelsat, its design allows for it to reconfigure its radios coverage zone and alter its performance according its needs. It is located in a geostationary orbit and its longitude may be modified to cover any region in the world.
The satellite was launched on 30 July 2021 by an Ariane 5 rocket, together with the Brazilian Star One D2 satellite. Quantum is Eutelsat's 36th and Airbus Defence and Space's 132nd satellite launched by Arianespace.
The satellite uses conventional chemical thrusters. The payload, which operates in the Ku-band, has a power rating of 5 kW. A key component of the satellite is its phased-array antenna, which was produced by Airbus's Spanish division CASA.

## In-orbit reconfigurability

The payload allows for the redefinition of its Ku-band beams with configurable coverage in order to follow targets (ships, aircraft, vehicles, troops) and provide them with mobile communications.
Besides coverage, bandwidth may also be modulated in terms of power and frequencies. The satellites also offers detection mitigation measures against radio jamming.
Finally, the high responsiveness will also bring benefits to governments in the event of natural disasters or surveillance operations.

## History

The contract establishing the public-private partnership between ESA, Eutelsat and Airbus Defence and Space was signed on 9 July 2015 in the offices of the European Centre for Space Applications and Telecommunications in Harwell, near Oxford in the United Kingdom. It established the role of Eutelsat in the exploitation and commercialization of the new satellite, and Airbus's in the design and production. Airbus designs the payload in its premises in Portsmouth using the new “GMPT” platform developed in Guildford by its Surrey Satellite Technology subsidiary. This project is supported by ESA and the UK Space Agency in the scope of the ARTES programme for a launch initially planned for 2019.
The development of the antenna is delayed and requires four years to the CASA division of Airbus and its industrial partners (CRISA, Arquimea and GMV) with the support of the Industrial Centre for Technology Development (CDTI). The Ku-band active antenna, featuring eight independent reconfigurable beams, is unveiled in Madrid on 21 November 2019 and named ELSA+ (ELectronically Steerable Antenna+). The conducted works rely on previous accomplishments of Airbus in this field, especially the DRA/ELSA instrument designed for Hispasat 36W1, the IRMA (In-orbit Reconfigurable Multibeam Antenna) antenna for the Spainsat military satellite, and Gaia's active antenna.
Quantum was assembled and tested between 2019 and 2020 in the premises of Airbus DS in Toulouse, from where it was sent on 30 June 2021 to the Guiana Space Centre, before being launched successfully on 30 July 2021 on board Ariane 5 flight VA254.
# Otitoma vitrea

Otitoma vitrea is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 5.5 mm.
The cylindrically elongated shell is thin, pellucid, glassy and smooth. It shows no longitudinal ribs. There are a few revolving grooves at the upper and lower part of the body whorl, the former appearing on the spire also. The color of the shell is yellowish white.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Singapore and the Philippines.
# European Universities Taekwondo Championships

European Universities Taekwondo Championships were the first organised in 2009 and are organised every two years.
The European Universities Taekwondo Championships are coordinated by the European University Sports Association along with the 18 other sports on the program of the European universities championships.

## Summary

| Edition | Year | Date | Location | Number of | Number of | Number of | Champions | Ref |
| Edition | Year | Date | Location | Countries | Universities | Athletes | Champions | Ref |
| 1 | 2009 | December 10–12 | Braga, Portugal | 6 | 31 | 101 | Polytechnic University of Madrid | |
| 2 | 2011 | December 13–15 | Braga, Portugal | 16 | 40 | | Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism | |
| 3 | 2013 | November 22–24 | Moscow, Russia | 13 | 48 | 130 | Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism | |
| 4 | 2015 | November 10–13 | Opatija, Croatia | 16 | 48 | 150 | University of Minho | |
| 5 | 2017 | July 25–30 | Coimbra, Portugal | 14 | 83 | 157 | University of Minho | |
| 6 | 2019 | August 1–3 | Zagreb, Croatia | 18 | 119 | | National University of Ukraine on Physical Education and Sport | |
# European Parliament Committee on Transport and Tourism

The Committee on Transport and Tourism (TRAN) is a committee of the European Parliament. Its current chair is the Greek MEP Eliza Vozemberg of the European People's Party Group.

## Research service

The Committee is directly supported by a research service, the Policy Department for Structural & Cohesion Policies. Most of its research studies and briefings are published online. The publications do not necessarily reflect the view of the Committee.