OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 48 AD Regiment (India)

48 Air Defence Regiment is an Air Defence regiment of the Indian Army.

## Formation

The regiment was raised on 1 May 1962 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel RTK Foregard as 48 Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment at Deolali.

## Equipment

At the time of its formation, the Regiment was equipped with Bofors 40 mm L-60 anti-aircraft guns. Conversion to 40 mm L/70 guns was started on 20 May 1972 and completed on 27 July 1973. The Upgraded Super Fledermaus (USFM) radar replaced the Super Fledermaus (SFM) radars in September 2000.

## Operations

The regiment has taken part in the following operations-
* Indo-Pakistani War of 1965: The regiment took part in Operation Ablaze and Operation Savage in the Eastern Sector. It protected airfields and critical areas, including deployment over rafts over the Brahmaputra River.
* Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: The regiment served in both the Western and Eastern Sectors, covering a long period from 20 August 1971 to 12 March 1972. It protected many vital areas during this operation.
* Operation Trident: The regiment took part in this massive exercise in 1987.
* Operation Rakshak I: The regiment was involved in counter-insurgency roles in 1991.
* Operation Rakshak II: The regiment took part in counter-insurgency operations in the Kashmir Valley between 1995 and 1997.
* Operation Vijay: The regiment was actively involved between 26 May 1999 and 12 November 1999 in the Western desert.
* Operation Sahayata : The unit was deployed from 27 October 2001 to 5 November 2001 to aid the civilian authorities in the riot hit town of Malegaon
* Operation Parakram: The regiment was fully geared up during this operation between December 2001 and November 2002.
* Officers and men from the regiment have been deputed for anti-terrorist operations as part of Rashtriya Rifles.

## Honours and awards

* The regiment has won the following awards -
** Param Vishisht Seva Medal – 1
** Sena Medal – 4
** Vishisht Seva Medal – 1
** Mentioned in dispatches – 1
** COAS Commendation Card – 4
** CIDS Commendation Card – 1
** GOC-in-C Commendation Card – 18
# Cipemastat

Cipemastat (rINN, also known as Ro 32-3555 and by the tentative trade name Trocade) is a selective inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 that has been investigated as an anti-arthritis agent. It is being developed by Roche.
# Inventory planning

Inventory planning involves using forecasting techniques to estimate the inventory required to meet consumer demand. The process uses data from customer demand patterns, market trends, supply patterns, and historical sales to generate a demand plan that predicts product needs over a specified period.
Using the demand plan, supply chain professionals collaborate with suppliers to ensure timely deliveries, manage warehouse stock levels, and set production schedules.

## Advantages

Proper inventory planning provides several advantages. It helps manage cash flow, which is crucial for businesses, especially those with limited capital. Managing inventory costs and sourcing efficient inventory contributes to financial stability. Aligning inventory with market demand improves operational efficiency, as does consistent inventory turnover. However, managing obsolete stock is vital to avoid potential financial issues.
Structured inventory planning can also mitigate the risks of inventory misuse by employees. In situations lacking adequate oversight, potential risks such as theft or unauthorized use can negatively affect financial results.

## Software

The use of software can further enhance inventory planning. Some notable software includes Inventory Planner by Sage, SAP IBP, Syrup Tech, and Toolio. Such software also automates various inventory tasks, promoting precise and efficient planning with reduced manual intervention.
# Jane Addams High School

Jane Addams High School may refer to:
* Jane Addams Business Careers Center - Cleveland, Ohio
* Jane Addams High School for Academic Careers - Bronx, New York City
# Gary Lauk

Gary Vernon Lauk, QC (born September 7, 1940 – November 21, 2022) was a lawyer and former political figure in British Columbia. He represented Vancouver Centre in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1972 to 1986 as a New Democratic Party (NDP) member. He has practised criminal law, personal injury law, commercial law, and insurance litigation. Gary V. Lauk was awarded a Queens Counsel (QC).
He is the son of Edward Lauk. Gary Lauk was educated in Vancouver, New Westminster and at the University of British Columbia. He served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Industrial Development, Trade and Commerce, as Minister of Economic Development, and as Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources. Lauk did not seek reelection in 1986 in order to allow Mike Harcourt to be a candidate in his riding (Harcourt was elected to the assembly). He was a member of the board of the Trial Lawyers of B.C. and of the board of Corpus Christi College at UBC. Lauk died on November 21, 2022.
# Peter Brandvold

Peter Brandvold is an American western fiction author.

## Life

Born in North Dakota, bestselling western novelist Peter Brandvold has penned over seventy fast-action westerns under his own name and his pen name, Frank Leslie. He is the author of the .45-Caliber books featuring Cuno Massey as well as the Lou Prophet and Yakima Henry novels. Recently, with his first young-adult western, LONNIE GENTRY and its successor, The Curse of Skull Canyon, he began publishing with Five Star. He is the head of "Mean Pete Publishing", the publisher of lightning-fast western ebooks.
Brandvold also penned 29 entries in the long-running Longarm series published by Berkley Books, as well as four books in the Trailsman series published by Signet. He also wrote two "Ralph Compton" novels—Navarro and Bullet Creek. He has several film scripts in development in Hollywood.

## Background

Brandvold was born and raised in North Dakota. He went to school at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks and graduated there with a B.A. in English. He wrote for a number of magazines including the Country Journal and True West Magazine until 1995 when he started writing adventure stories. He lives in western Minnesota with his dog.
# Fomm ir-Riħ

Fomm ir-Riħ (meaning mouth of the wind in Maltese) is a small bay in the limits of Mġarr on the western side of the island of Malta. The area is characterised by a fault line which creates an interesting landscape with vertical cliffs and a pebble beach. There is also an unusual syncline behind the beach.
The bay and headlands form one of the most stunning scenic views and varied geology on the Maltese islands.
Public access to the quiet pebble beach is disputed with only one road which is currently illegally blocked and has led to protests by the Ramblers Association of Malta to highlight problems of accessibility. Access to the beach is now a narrow path cut into the side of the steep cliff and a climb down to the beach.
The area is also famous for its Maltese freshwater crab that makes its home high above the bay and the sea.
In the mid-17th century, Blat Mogħża Tower was built near Fomm ir-Riħ, but it collapsed in the 18th century and it was never rebuilt. In the 19th century, a redoubt was built in the area as part of the Victoria Lines.

## Cart ruts

On Ras il-Pellegrin, the headland north of Fomm ir-Riħ Bay, there are puzzling cart ruts that lead off the cliff top.
# Oldřichov (Přerov District)

Oldřichov is a municipality and village in Přerov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.
Oldřichov lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Přerov, 24 km (15 mi) south-east of Olomouc, and 234 km (145 mi) east of Prague.

## History

Oldřichov was founded in 1787. It was originally named Ulrychovice and renamed to its current name in 1920.
# 38th Street

38th Street may refer to:

## Places in the United States

* Phoenix, Arizona
** 38th Street/Washington station
* Minneapolis, Minnesota
** 38th Street (Minneapolis)
** 38th Street (Metro Transit station)
* New York City, New York
** 38th Street (IRT Sixth Avenue Line)
** 38th Street (Manhattan)

## Organizations

* 38th Street gang, organization based in the U.S. state of California
# Houses on the Achterzaan

Houses on the Achterzaan is an 1871 painting by French artist Claude Monet. Done in oil on canvas, the work depicts riverside garden houses on the west shore of the Achterzaan river in Zaandam, the Netherlands. He painted it from the dam in the Zaan, facing northwest. The painting is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

## Background

Monet traveled to the Netherlands on the advice of fellow painter Charles-François Daubigny, who highly recommended that Monet study the splendor of the Achterzaan river. The paintings Monet produced on his trip (often referred to as his Dutch landscapes), including Houses, were well received by his fellow impressionists.
# Irhuleni

Irhuleni (Luwian: Urhilina) was King of Hamath. He led a coalition against the Assyrian expansion under Shalmaneser III, alongside Hadadezer of Damascus. This coalition succeeded in 853 BC in the Battle of Qarqar a victory over the Assyrians, halting their advance to the west for two years. Later Irhuleni maintained good relations with Assyria. His son was, in Luwian, Uratami.
His name also appears in inscriptions on votive offerings found in Nimrud.
King Zakkur is known as the ruler of Hamath around 785 BC.
# Jane Addams Trail

The Jane Addams Trail is a 17-mile (27 km) long rail trail in Stephenson County, Illinois.
Jane Addams, the trail's namesake, was born in Stephenson County. The trail's endpoints are Freeport, Illinois and the Illinois-Wisconsin state line, where it becomes the Badger State Trail. The trail passes through Orangeville and is one segment of the 575-mile (925 km) Grand Illinois Trail.
# Pokkye station

Pokkye station is a railway station in Pokkye-ri, P'yŏnggang county, Kangwŏn province, North Korea, on the Kangwŏn Line of the Korean State Railway.
The station, along with the rest of the former Kyŏngwŏn Line, was opened by the Japanese on 16 August 1914.
# Krudt og klunker

Krudt og klunker is a 1958 Danish comedy film directed by Annelise Hovmand and starring Gunnar Lauring.

## Cast

* Gunnar Lauring as Professor Edward Jacobsen
* Vera Gebuhr as Fru Wilhelmine Jacobsen
* Sigrid Horne-Rasmussen as Faster Ragnhild Jacobsen
* Ellen Nielsen as Bedstemor
* Elga Olga Svendsen as Kokkepigen Kathrine
* Johannes Meyer as Professor Ferdinand Schrøder
* Vivi Bach as Therese Schrøder (as Vivi Bak)
* Jørgen Reenberg as Hans
* Kjeld Petersen as Slangetæmmer Hermansen
* Dirch Passer as Fotograf
* Kai Selliken as Karl Jacobsen
* Eva Cohn as Magda Jacobsen
* Anders Cohn as Benjamin Jacobsen
* Poul Finn Poulsen as Emil Jacobsen
* Susanne Randrup as Anna Jacobsen
* Charlotte Stig-Poulsen as Viktor Jacobsen
* Alfred Wilken as Postbudet
* Ingeborg Skov as Enkepastorinde Sartorius
* Ole Monty as 1. betjent
* Johannes Marott as 2. betjent
* Povl Wøldike as Den vagthavende assistant
* Professor Tribini as Børsten
* Tao Michaëlis as Deliristen
* Lise Thomsen as Nyhavnpigen
* Karen Rud as Enkefru Poulsen (Bedstemors faster)
* Svend Bille as Apoteker Madsen
* Mogens Brandt as Værten
* Jørgen Ryg as Pianisten
* Nick Miehe as Violinisten
* Klaus Nielsen as Havebetjenten
* Lili Heglund as Ammen
* Miskow Makwarth as Kustoden
* Peter Kitter as Neaderthaleren
* Bernhard Brasso as Den svensktalende, polske Styrmand
* Minna Jørgensen as Den gamle Neanderthalerkone
* Charles Rhodes as Negeren
* Vera Stricker as Anden Nyhavnspige
* Victor Montell as Fortæller (Benjamin som gammel)
# GU24 lamp fitting

A GU24 lamp fitting is a bi-pin connector for compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) or LED lamps that uses a bayonet mount–like twist-lock bi-pin connector instead of the Edison screw fitting used on many CFLs, LED lamps and incandescent light bulbs. The design was initiated by the U.S. EPA and the Lighting Research Center in 2004, in order to facilitate the deployment of compact fluorescent light bulbs with replaceable ballasts.
The GU24 fitting is compliant with a 2008 ruling by the California Energy Commission under Title 24 (California Building Standards Code) to require high-efficiency lighting on all residential remodels and new construction. The GU24 fitting is intended to maintain the energy efficiency of the light by preventing an occupant from using an incandescent bulb instead of a CFL. Adapters to use incandescent bulbs in a GU24 fitting are illegal in the State of California as they would be a fire hazard in fixtures designed for the lower heat output of a CFL bulb.

## Advantages

* The GU24 fitting allows the overall length of the bulb to be shorter since the threaded base is eliminated.
* Neither of the electrical contacts is exposed during bulb installation or when in service, offering improved protection against electric shock.

## Disadvantages

* Requires proper alignment to install, and most bulbs/sockets make alignment more difficult by obscuring the pin orientation.
* No 3-way lamp support.
* Incompatibility with other bulb types.
* Will maintain a price premium while they are mandated in a minority of jurisdictions.
* While the pins spacing is standardized, there is no standard for base width. Some fixtures shroud or recess the socket, assuming base dimensions of the bulbs they came with.
# Olwyn Byron

Olwyn Byron is a British physicist who is Professor of Biophysics at the University of Glasgow and Chair of the British Biophysical Society. She is a member of the Physics of Life UK Network steering group who were awarded the 2020 Institute of Physics Rosalind Franklin Medal and Prize.

## Education

Byron was an undergraduate student at Durham University. She moved to the University of Aberdeen as a graduate student, where she earned a master's degree in medical physics. Byron moved to the University of Nottingham, where her doctoral research considered structure-property investigations into B72.3.

## Research and career

In 1992, Byron joined the faculty at the University of Leicester, where she worked in applied bimolecular technology. She joined the University of Glasgow in 1997 and was promoted to Professor in 2016.
Byron studies the solution behaviour of macromolecules and complexes. She is interested in the solution shape of molecules and the strength of the complexes that they form. She serves on the steering group of the Physics of Life network, a team of biologists and physicists who look to develop a comprehensive understanding of biological processes across multiple length scales, from molecules to systems. Byron was elected Chair of the British Biophysical Society in 2018.

## Awards and honours

* 2020 Institute of Physics Rosalind Franklin Medal and Prize Physics of Life UK Network (PoLNET) steering group

## Selected publications

* Joao H. Morais-Cabral; Petosa C; Mike Sutcliffe; et al. (1 August 1996). "Crystal structure of a PDZ domain". Nature. 382 (6592): 649–652. doi:10.1038/382649A0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 8757139. Wikidata Q27733300.
* B Short; C Preisinger; R Körner; R Kopajtich; O Byron; Francis A. Barr (10 December 2001). "A GRASP55-rab2 effector complex linking Golgi structure to membrane traffic". Journal of Cell Biology. 155 (6): 877–883. doi:10.1083/JCB.200108079. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 2150909. PMID 11739401. Wikidata Q24291984.
* Myszka DG; Abdiche YN; Arisaka F; et al. (1 December 2003). "The ABRF-MIRG'02 study: assembly state, thermodynamic, and kinetic analysis of an enzyme/inhibitor interaction". Journal of Biomolecular Techniques. 14 (4): 247–269. ISSN 1524-0215. PMC 2279960. PMID 14715884. Wikidata Q36519362.
* Rocco. M., Brookes, E. and Byron, O (2021) US-SOMO: methods for the construction and hydration of macromolecular hydrodynamic models. Encyclopaedic of Biophysics, G. C. K. Roberts and A. Watts eds., Springer (doi: 10:1007/978-3-642-35943-9_292-1).
# Norcliffe

Norcliffe (1973–1984) was a Canadian Hall of Fame Thoroughbred racehorse. He was sired by U.S. Hall of Fame Champion Buckpasser out of the mare Drama School by Northern Dancer.
Owned by the Norcliffe Stable of Charles F. Baker, Chairman of the Board of the Ontario Jockey Club, Norcliffe was trained by Roger Attfield. Ridden by jockey Jeffrey Fell, Norcliffe won two of the first three legs of the 1976 Canadian Triple Crown races on dirt at Woodbine Racetrack, capturing the Queen's Plate and the Prince of Wales Stakes. The Breeders' Stakes, the final leg, is a race run on the grass course at Fort Erie Race Track and Norcliffe finished fifth. Norcliffe earned 1976 Horse of the Year honours in Canada. In 1977 he earned a Sovereign Award as top older horse and was elected to the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame in 2005.

## As a sire

Retired to stud at the end of the 1977 racing season, Norcliffe was North America's leading juvenile sire by number of wins and second in earnings in 1981. He sired Groovy who was voted the 1987 Eclipse Award for American Champion Sprint Horse and who was a Texas State Champion twice.
Another successful son of Norcliffe was At the Threshold, a 1981 foal out of the mare Winver. She was a daughter of Vertex, a multiple winner of top level stakes and the sire of 1965 Kentucky Derby winner Lucky Debonair and 1968 U.S. Champion Two-Year-Old Colt, Top Knight. At the Threshold's wins include the Grade 1 American Derby and Arlington Classic Stakes, the Grade 2 Ohio Derby and he ran third in the 1984 Kentucky Derby. He also was the sire of 1992 Kentucky Derby winner Lil E. Tee.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Norcliffe, bay stallion, 1973 :
| Sire Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Menow | Pharamond |
| Sire Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Menow | Alcibiades |
| Sire Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Gaga | Bull Dog |
| Sire Buckpasser | Tom Fool | Gaga | Alpoise |
| Sire Buckpasser | Busanda | War Admiral | Man o' War |
| Sire Buckpasser | Busanda | War Admiral | Brushup |
| Sire Buckpasser | Busanda | Businesslike | Blue Larkspur |
| Sire Buckpasser | Busanda | Businesslike | La Troienne |
| Dam Drama School | Northern Dancer | Nearctic | Nearco |
| Dam Drama School | Northern Dancer | Nearctic | Lady Angela |
| Dam Drama School | Northern Dancer | Natalma | Native Dancer |
| Dam Drama School | Northern Dancer | Natalma | Almahmoud |
| Dam Drama School | Stalina | Stalino | Stardust |
| Dam Drama School | Stalina | Stalino | Inkling |
| Dam Drama School | Stalina | Boscabell | Fairford |
| Dam Drama School | Stalina | Boscabell | Hellenize (family: 10-d) |
# Isotoma fluviatilis

Isotoma fluviatilis, the swamp isotome or blue star creeper, is a small herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae, native to Australia.

## Description

This plant often forms a low growing mat. It is usually pubescent or sometimes glabrous and roots at nodes. The deep green leaves are 4 to 12 millimetres (0.16 to 0.47 in) in length and 2 to 8 mm (0.079 to 0.315 in) wide. The leaf blade is oblong, elliptic or linear in shape, or the lower leaves may be ovate or obovate in shape.
It forms white solitary flowers that are axillary and can be bisexual or unisexual. Capsules form later that are obconical to obovoid in shape and slightly asymmetric. They are usually 3 to 6 mm (0.118 to 0.236 in) in length with a 3 mm (0.118 in) diameter.
The plant flowers during the summer months between November and March producing a carpet of white-blue five-petalled star-shaped flowers that are ideal as groundcovers in garden beds, rockeries or between paving stones.
I. fluviatilis prefers dappled sunlight or part shade and moist soil. It spreads via runners and is hardy in the US in zones 6-8. In the UK, it is hardy in coastal and relatively mild parts of the UK, and is considered generally pest and disease free.

## Classification

The species was first formally described as Lobelia fluviatilis by the botanist Robert Brown in 1810 in the work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae and later reclassified in the genus Isotoma by George Bentham in 1864 in Flora Australiensis. Several synonyms exist for this species including; Laurentia fluviatilis, Enchysia gaudichaudii and Rapuntium fluviatile.
There are three known subspecies:
* Isotoma fluviatilis subsp. australis
* Isotoma fluviatilis subsp. borealis
* Isotoma fluviatilis subsp. fluviatilis

## Distribution

The species is often found growing in areas of moist sand or in mud along the margins of creeks and streams and seepage areas. It is also found among granite outcrops and wet depressions. It is found in south eastern Australia from southern parts of South Australia extending through much of Victoria, through much of Tasmania, eastern New South Wales and south eastern Queensland.
# Citer SA

Citer is a French-based car rental company branded as National/Citer. It was established by Citroën in 1968 and was sold to Enterprise Holdings by PSA Peugeot Citroën in 2011.

## Background

Citer has owned the Spanish car rental company Atesa since 1989 and was also sold to Enterprise. Since 1998 Citer was a National franchise holder and has 250 sites in France and a further 110 in Spain. In 2011 Citer and Atesa has a fleet of 30,000 vehicles.
# Sheepeater Cliff

The Sheepeater Cliffs are a series of exposed cliffs made up of columnar basalt in Yellowstone National Park in the United States. The lava was deposited about 500,000 years ago during one of the periodic basaltic floods in Yellowstone Caldera, and later exposed by the Gardner River. The cliffs are noted as a textbook example of a basaltic flow with well defined joints and hexagonal columns. They were named after a band of Eastern Shoshone known as Tukuaduka (sheep eaters). Many of the exposed cliffs are located along a steep inaccessible canyon cut by the Gardner near Bunsen Peak, but some of the cliffs located just off the Grand Loop Road can be reached by car.
# Gaspar Castellano

Gaspar Castellano y de Gastón (18 May 1928 – 21 April 2019) was a Spanish politician who belonged to the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) and who served as President of the Government of Aragon, one of the Spanish regional administrations, from 1981 to 1982.
# Peter Hardy (baseball executive)

Norman Edgar "Peter" Hardy (January 4, 1917 – November 22, 1997) was a Canadian brewer and one of the founding baseball executives of the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB).
Hardy was born in Toronto in 1917, and served in the Royal Canadian Navy during World War II. He joined Labatt Brewing Company in 1949, became a vice president in 1962, and served as president from 1964 to 1968. He then moved to the parent company, John Labatt Ltd., of which he became chairman in 1980.
In 1976, Hardy was named to the board of directors of the Toronto Blue Jays; the team joined the American League the following year. He became chairman and CEO in 1982, and held those positions until 1989. In April 1985, sportswriter Steve Wulf of Sports Illustrated rated Hardy as baseball's best executive in a story naming MLB's "dream team".
He was married to his wife Dorothy, and had two daughters.
Hardy died in 1997 at age 80. He was inducted to the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 2004.
# Krudttårnet

Krudttårnet (Danish for "gunpowder tower") is a former gunpowder magazine and fortification in Frederikshavn, Denmark.

## Background

The tower was built in 1687, as a central component of Frederikshavn's fortress. The fortress, originally called the Fladstrand fortress before the town was renamed in the early 19th century, was built to secure the northernmost useful anchorage on the eastern coast of Jutland. This anchorage was a strategically important site for ships sailing to Norway, and played a role in conflicts including the Great Northern War and the Gunboat War. The tower is now the only part of the citadel still standing, but is no longer in the original location: in 1974 it was moved by 270 meters to make room for an expansion of Frederikshavn's shipyard, a move that took 13 months to carry out. It reopened to the public in 1976, as part of Bangsbo Museum.