OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Poggio Rusco

Poggio Rusco (Lower Mantovano: Al Pòs) is a small town and comune in the Province of Mantua, whose inhabitants number 6,474 as of August 31, 2020. It is 42 kilometres (26 mi) from the provincial capital.
The town lies in the southeast of the Oltrepò Mantovano area, 9 kilometres (6 mi) from the Po River and just 2 kilometres (1 mi) from Province of Modena, equidistant to principal cities of the Po Valley such as Mantua, Verona, Ferrara, Bologna and Modena.

## Origin of the name

A popular story about the origin of the name said that this place was used by bolognese people as dump; dump in bolognese language was "rusco", and because of it this town now is called Poggio Rusco.

## Transportation

State Road 12, called Abetone-Brennero, which links Po Valley with Germany, intersects the Provincial Road 496, which connects Mantua with Ferrara.
Poggio Rusco railway station is located at the junction between the Verona–Bologna railway and the Suzzara–Ferrara railway.

## Twin cities
### Former Twin Cities

* Condé-sur-Noireau, France, from 1999 - 2021
# Generalised beam theory

In structural engineering and mechanical engineering, generalised beam theory (GBT) is a one-dimensional theory used to mathematically model how beams bend and twist under various loads. It is a generalization of classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory that approximates a beam as an assembly of thin-walled plates that are constrained to deform as a linear combination of specified deformation modes.

## History

Its origin is due to Richard Schardt (1966). Since then many other authors have extended the initial (first-order elastic) GBT formulations developed by Schardt and his co-workers. Many extensions and applications of GBT have been developed by Camotim (Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Portugal) and collaborators, since the beginning of the 21st century.

## Description

The theory can be applied without restrictions to any prismatic thin-walled structural member exhibiting straight or curved axial axis (any loading, any cross-section geometry, any boundary conditions). GBT is in some ways analogous to the finite strip method and can be a more computationally efficient method than modeling a beam with a full 2D or 3D finite element method to predict the member structural behavior.
GBT has been widely recognized as an efficient approach to analyzing thin-walled members and structural systems. The efficiency arises mostly from its modal nature – the displacement field is expressed as a linear combination of cross-section deformation modes whose amplitudes vary continuously along the member length (x axis) - see Figures 2-3. Due to GBT assumptions inherent to a thin-walled member, only 3 non-null stress components are considered in the formulations (see Fig. 1).
Membrane displacement field (i.e., in the cross-section mid-surface):
    ${\begin{aligned}u(s,x)&=u_{k}(s)\zeta _{k,x}(x),\\v(s,x)&=v_{k}(s)\zeta _{k}(x),\\w(s,x)&=w_{k}(s)\zeta _{k}(x).\end{aligned}}$
The GBT modal nature makes it possible to (i) acquire in-depth knowledge on the mechanics of the thin-walled member behaviour and (ii) judiciously exclude, from subsequent similar GBT analyses, those deformation modes found to play no (or negligible) role in the particular behaviour under scrutiny. Eliminating modes that play no role reduces the number of degrees of freedom involved in a GBT analysis and increases its computational efficiency. GBT has proven useful in the understanding of the structural behaviour under analysis as well as in its computational efficiency.
# 1979 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's 60 metres

The women's 60 metres event at the 1979 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on 25 February in Vienna.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Marlies Göhr East Germany | Marita Koch East Germany | Lyudmila Storozhkova Soviet Union |

## Results
### Heats

First 2 from each heat (Q) and the next 4 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 4 | Lyudmila Storozhkova | Soviet Union | 7.27 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | Sofka Popova | Bulgaria | 7.28 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Marita Koch | East Germany | 7.31 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Marlies Göhr | East Germany | 7.32 | Q |
| 4 | 3 | Linda Haglund | Sweden | 7.32 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | Lyudmila Maslakova | Soviet Union | 7.34 | Q |
| 7 | 3 | Wendy Clarke | Great Britain | 7.35 | q |
| 8 | 3 | Vera Anisimova | Soviet Union | 7.36 | q |
| 9 | 2 | Annie Alizé | France | 7.38 | q, PB |
| 9 | 2 | Helinä Laihorinne | Finland | 7.38 | q |
| 9 | 4 | Grażyna Rabsztyn | Poland | 7.38 | Q, PB |
| 9 | 4 | Elvira Possekel | West Germany | 7.38 | q, SB |
| 13 | 1 | Michelle Walsh | Ireland | 7.44 | Q |
| 14 | 4 | Lea Alaerts | Belgium | 7.51 | SB |
| 15 | 1 | Rita Meurer | West Germany | 7.53 | SB |
| 16 | 4 | Brigitte Haest | Austria | 7.56 | SB |
| 17 | 1 | Els Vader | Netherlands | 7.57 | PB |
| 18 | 3 | Silvia Schinzel | Austria | 7.64 | PB |
| 19 | 2 | Dijana Sokač | Yugoslavia | 7.68 | PB |

### Semifinals

First 2 from each heat (Q) qualified directly for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | Marlies Göhr | East Germany | 7.19 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | Marita Koch | East Germany | 7.23 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Sofka Popova | Bulgaria | 7.26 | Q, SB |
| 4 | 1 | Lyudmila Storozhkova | Soviet Union | 7.27 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | Wendy Clarke | Great Britain | 7.28 | Q |
| 5 | 3 | Linda Haglund | Sweden | 7.28 | Q, SB |
| 7 | 2 | Helinä Laihorinne | Finland | 7.35 | SB |
| 7 | 3 | Vera Anisimova | Soviet Union | 7.35 | |
| 9 | 2 | Lyudmila Maslakova | Soviet Union | 7.37 | |
| 10 | 1 | Elvira Possekel | West Germany | 7.38 | =SB |
| 11 | 3 | Michelle Walsh | Ireland | 7.42 | NJR |
| 12 | 1 | Annie Alizé | France | 7.44 | |
| 12 | 3 | Grażyna Rabsztyn | Poland | 7.44 | |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Marlies Göhr | East Germany | 7.16 | SB |
| | Marita Koch | East Germany | 7.19 | |
| | Lyudmila Storozhkova | Soviet Union | 7.22 | PB |
| 4 | Wendy Clarke | Great Britain | 7.26 | SB |
| 5 | Linda Haglund | Sweden | 7.28 | =SB |
| 6 | Sofka Popova | Bulgaria | 7.29 | |
# Wheelchair tennis at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Quad doubles

The quad doubles wheelchair tennis tournament at the 2016 Paralympic Games in Rio de Janeiro was held at the Olympic Tennis Centre in the Barra Olympic Park in Barra da Tijuca in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 9 to 13 September 2016.

## Seeds

* Nick Taylor (USA) / David Wagner (USA) (final, silver medalists)
* Andrew Lapthorne (GBR) / Jamie Burdekin (GBR) (semifinals, bronze medalists)

## Draw

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final (gold medal match) | Final (gold medal match) | Final (gold medal match) | Final (gold medal match) | Final (gold medal match) |
| 1 | Nick Taylor (USA) David Wagner (USA) | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | bye | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | bye | | | 1 | Nick Taylor (USA) David Wagner (USA) | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| | | | | | Itai Erinlib (ISR) Shraga Weinberg (ISR) | 0 | 0 | | | | | |
| Itai Erinlib (ISR) Shraga Weinberg (ISR) | Itai Erinlib (ISR) Shraga Weinberg (ISR) | 6 | 6 | | Itai Erinlib (ISR) Shraga Weinberg (ISR) | 0 | 0 | | | | | |
| Rodrigo Oliveira (BRA) Ymanitu Silva (BRA) | Rodrigo Oliveira (BRA) Ymanitu Silva (BRA) | 0 | 0 | | | | | | | | | |
| Rodrigo Oliveira (BRA) Ymanitu Silva (BRA) | Rodrigo Oliveira (BRA) Ymanitu Silva (BRA) | 0 | 0 | | | | | 1 | Nick Taylor (USA) David Wagner (USA) | 6 | 4 | 5 |
| | | | | | | | | | Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | 4 | 6 | 7 |
| Shota Kawona (JPN) Mitsuteru Moroishi (JPN) | Shota Kawona (JPN) Mitsuteru Moroishi (JPN) | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | 4 | 6 | 7 |
| Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | 6 | 6 | | Dylan Alcott (AUS) Heath Davidson (AUS) | 6 | 6 | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| | | | | 2 | Jamie Burdekin (GBR) Andrew Lapthorne (GBR) | 1 | 2 |
| | bye | | | 2 | Jamie Burdekin (GBR) Andrew Lapthorne (GBR) | 1 | 2 | | Itai Erinlib (ISR) Shraga Weinberg (ISR) | 6 | 4 | 6$^2$ |
| 2 | Jamie Burdekin (GBR) Andrew Lapthorne (GBR) | | | | | | | 2 | Jamie Burdekin (GBR) Andrew Lapthorne (GBR) | 4 | 6 | 7$^7$ |
# Thousand Words

Thousand Words is an independent feature film finance and production company founded by Jonah Smith and Palmer West in 2000. The name is a take on the saying "a picture is worth a thousand words".

## Credits

* Religulous (2008)
* Right At Your Door (2007)
* The Dog Problem (2006)
* A Scanner Darkly (2006)
* The Clearing (2004)
* The United States of Leland (2003)
* Waking Life (2001)
* Requiem for a Dream (2000)
# STYXL1

Serine/threonine/tyrosine-interacting-like protein 1 is a protein, encoded in humans by the STYXL1 gene.
# Rate integrating gyroscope

A Rate integrating gyroscope is a rate gyro with a built in integrator. It is usually a component of an Inertial Measurement Unit or a stabilization system.

## Principle of operation

In a rate integrating gyroscope, the gyroscope is turned at a steady rate about its input axis and a torque is applied to the spin axis. This causes the gyroscope to precess about the output axis. The rate indicating gyroscope consists of a damping fluid between the float assembly can and the outer casing. This viscous fluid resists the motion of the gimbal precession. This causes the gimbal to accelerate initially in the fluid, until the damping effect is equal to the precessing force. The rate of precession, will hence be directly proportional to the rate of turn of the gyroscope about its input axis and the total angle of movement about the output axis will be proportional to the speed and length of time the input axis is turning.
In a typical application (e.g. an aircraft), the output axis could have revolved 180 degrees clockwise in 20 seconds, then 80° anti-clockwise (say if the aircraft was changing direction again). This output would then be fed to a computer to calculate the total distance traveled (Inertial Navigation Platform).
* US Dynamics Rate Integrating Gyroscope Technical Brief

### Key

* Spin Axis: Spin Axis is the axis of rotation of the rotor (rotating mass).
* Input Axis: Input Axis is the Axis about which the torque is applied.
* Output Axis: Output axis is the Axis perpendicular to the input axis and the spin axis.

## Gimbal gain

Gimbal gain is the amount of precession that can be varied by varying the viscosity of the damping fluid. For (for example) increased sensitivity of a gyroscopic instrument.
# West African bichir

The West African bichir or retropinnis bichir (Polypterus retropinnis), is a freshwater fish in the family Polypteridae, is found in the central Congo River basin and Ogooué River in Africa. It is a long, slender fish that grows to a maximum length of about 34 cm (13 in).

## Description

Bichirs are primitive fish which have a jaw structure that resembles that of tetrapods rather than bony fishes; they also have rudimentary lungs and two slit-like spiracles used for exhalation, and can breathe air when there is insufficient oxygen in the water. The West African bichir has an elongated cylindrical body with a maximum length of 34 cm (13 in). It can be distinguished from other members of the genus by having jaws that are about the same length, and in living specimens, having creamy-white irises speckled with black. The dorsal fin consists of 7 to 9 separate finlets each topped with a sharp spine. The pectoral fin is fleshy and has 30 to 32 soft rays and the anal fin has 12 to 15 spines. The dorsal surface and flanks are olive brown with irregular markings of darker brown and the ventral surface is whitish or pale beige. The dorsal and caudal fins are pale beige with dark marks in rows, and black blotches at the base of the spines. The pectoral fins have distinctive black blotches at the base and rows of tiny black spots on the webbing. The pelvic and anal fins are whitish.

## Distribution

The West African bichir is a freshwater fish native to tropical West Africa. Its range includes the basins of the Ogooué River and the Congo River, and possibly the Cross River basin in Cameroon. Its typical habitat is swamps and floodplains.

## Behaviour

This species is territorial, with territory holders threatening intruders. The attacker starts the encounter by raising its dorsal fin spines and emitting staccato thumping sounds; both fish may continue by biting at each other, or one may submit and flee, emitting drawn-out moans.

## Use in aquaria

P. retropinnis is sometimes kept in aquaria. It will feed on small to medium-sized vertebrates and invertebrates, eating anything it can fit into its mouth.
# Protocentrophorus

Protocentrophorus is a genus of was a genus of dogfish shark that existed during the Cretaceous. Fossils have been found in the Tauragė County of Lithuania and British Columbia in Canada. Known from teeth, they were originally assigned to the genus Centrophorus.
While some classify Protocentrophorus as belonging to the family Squalidae, phylogenetic tests indicate that it might be a member of the Centrophoridae.

## Description

This squaloid shark had small teeth that combined traits from two modern shark families, Squalidae and Centrophoridae. The lower teeth were flattened from front to back, as seen in Centrophoridae, and wider than they were tall, like those in Squalidae. The base of the tooth root was flat, long, and almost vertical, similar to Centrophoridae, but it lacked the special hollow for overlapping teeth and the prominent root face typical of Squalidae. The apron, a part of the tooth, was moderately high and didn't extend past the base of the root, while the uvula, a small part of the tooth, was reduced and not prominent. Additionally, there was no infundibulum, a funnel-like structure, present.
# Poggio Renatico

Poggio Renatico (Poggese: Al Puz; Ferrarese: Al Pògio) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ferrara in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Bologna and about 12 kilometres (7 mi) southwest of Ferrara.
Poggio Renatico borders on the following municipalities: Baricella, Ferrara, Galliera, Malalbergo, Terre del Reno, Vigarano Mainarda.

## History

During the Middle Ages, the region of Poggio Renatico was fortified by the rulers of Bologna through a discontinuous line of towers and castles that provided exclusive control of fishing and river trade and protection against the expansionist intentions of neighboring Ferrara.
About 5 kilometres (3 mi) outside Poggio Renatico is one of the Italian Air Force's biggest radar stations, which was formerly used to monitor air traffic over Yugoslavia and southern Warsaw Pact countries.
In 2010, NATO controlled its air forces in southern Europe from the Poggio Renatico radar base, and in March 2010 it provided military control over the airspace between the Danube delta and the Atlantic Ocean.
In May 2011, this Italian Air Force radar station was used by NATO as the nerve center for coordinating air strikes during the Libyan Civil War.
Poggio Renatico was hit by the 2012 Emilia earthquakes which caused the Lambertini Castle clock tower to collapse. The earthquake also damaged the dome and bell tower of the Abbey Church of St. Michael the Archangel. On 4 June 2012 (several weeks after the earthquake) the steeple of the church was demolished with explosives.

## Main sights

* Lambertini Castle
* Abbey of St. Michael the Archangel
* The Abbey of St. Michael the Archangel
* Tower of the Uccellino, also called the Usolino
* The Tower of the Cocenno
* The Tower of the Poggio, also called that of the Ortolano or Fornasini
* The Tower of the Verga, also called that of the Vedrega
* The Clock Tower of Poggio Renatico

## Notable people

* Carlo Fornasini (1854-1931), micropalaeontologist, mayor of Poggio Renato for almost thirty years
# 1979 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's shot put

The women's shot put event at the 1979 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on 25 February in Vienna.
There were only three athletes contesting the title which raised suspicions that this may be due to the new, more advanced drug tests that were announced before the competition. Third place finisher, Judy Oakes of Great Britain, reportedly did not show up to receive her bronze medal as she deemed herself unworthy having won it in such circumstances.

## Results

| Name | Nationality | Result |
| Ilona Slupianek | East Germany | 21.01 |
| Marianne Adam | East Germany | 20.11 |
| Judy Oakes | Great Britain | 15.66 |
# Mladen Wacha

Mladen Wacha, also spelled as Mladen Vaha (born in 1942) is a former Yugoslav football player and coach.

## Career

Born in Metlika in 1942, right in middle of Second World War when the town was part of the Province of Ljubljana which was annexed by Fascist Italy, he started playing in the youth team of NK Zagreb. He debuted for the first team in 1958 and played until 1969. For NK Zagreb he made around 300 league appearances, and scored 70 goals in both Yugoslav First and Second leagues. Wacha joined FK Bor which was playing in the Yugoslav elite and was coached by Marcel Žigante. He made 17 appearances and scored one goal in the 1970–71 Yugoslav First League. Wacha left Bor in summer 1972.
He also played for the youth team of the city of Zagreb, youth team of SR Croatia, and Yugoslavia U-18 national team. His highlight was the appearance for the Yugoslav B national team in a game in Skopje, played on October 10, 1965, against France where he scored both goals in Yugoslav victory by 2–1.
He played as midfielder and was known for his good long-distance shot. From 1972 on he is the coach of the youth teams of NK Zagreb, having won with them the Croatian youth championship in 1991.
# Thomas Torney

Thomas William Torney (2 July 1915 – 21 October 1998) was a British Labour Party politician.
Tourney joined the Labour Party, and in 1945 became its election agent for Wembley North. The following year, he began working full-time for the Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers (USDAW) as its Derby and District Area Organiser, although he took time out at the 1964 United Kingdom general election to act as election agent in West Derbyshire.
Torney was Member of Parliament for Bradford South from 1970 until his retirement at the 1987 general election. His successor was Bob Cryer. In the 1983 general election, Torney had narrowly evaded defeat to the Conservative landslide by 110 votes. The BBC Election Night programme that year later reported that he was taken ill at the count and rushed to hospital.
# Sacred Heart Cathedral, Anqing

The Sacred Heart Cathedral (Chinese: 安庆耶稣圣心主教座堂) is a religious building of the Catholic Church, which is part of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Anqing in China (安慶). Following the changes of 2001, it is considered by the Chinese authorities as a church belonging to the great diocese of Anhui. Neither the state nor the administrative divisions are recognized by the Holy See.

## History

The church follows the Roman or Latin rite and was built in 1872 under the direction of the French Jesuits. On February 21, 1929, with the creation of the Archdiocese of Anqing, the church received the status of cathedral. Between 1957 and 1983, the Catholic religion was banned. With the political and economic opening of China and the change in religious policy, the cathedral once again became a place of worship, and has been that way since 1983. It is also part of the protected monuments of Anhui Province.
# Rathausmarkt

Rathausmarkt (lit. City Hall Marketplace) is the central square of Hamburg, Germany, located in the Altstadt (old town) quarter right in front of the Hamburg Rathaus. Framed by shopping arcades of Alsterarkaden at Alsterfleet, there are many events taking place here, amongst them open air cinema in summer, the Stuttgarter Weindorf (Stuttgart wine village), the music festival of Rockspektakel, and the Christmas market in December.

## History

The Rathausmarkt was built after the Great Fire of Hamburg in 1842, which destroyed also the old city hall near the bridge of Trostbrücke and the buildings near the new city hall, with the exception of the building of Hamburg Stock Exchange. Shortly before the fire, the old St. John's monastery and also the old church of St. John, located on the southern end of the square, which were situated in the area of today's Rathausmarkt, had been demolished. The square was created pursuing a plan and designed after the model of Piazza San Marco in Venice, which is also opening to the waterfront. The new city hall was completed in 1897.
In 1933, the Rathausmarkt had been renamed to Adolf-Hitler-Platz (Adolf Hitler square), as many squares and streets in Germany at that time. It was renamed after the end of World War II in 1945. Until the 1970s the square was a transport hub for the Trams in Hamburg. After tram operation had ceased in 1978, the square was fully renovated and surfaced with red granite until 1982 under the aegis of mayor Hans-Ulrich Klose, wherefore it was jokingly dubbed Red Square.

## Monuments

The former monument for William I, which had been erected on the square in 1903, was removed in 1930. The remaining parts can be found at Holstenwall/Sievekingplatz today. The two large flagpoles are remnants of this ensemble.
Also today, the Heinrich Heine Monument, made by Waldemar Otto, can be found on the square. Hannes Wader wrote a song about in 1989.
# Wer sucht die Pracht, wer wünscht den Glanz, BWV 221

Wer sucht die Pracht, wer wünscht den Glanz (Who seeks the splendour, who desires the radiance), BWV 221, is a cantata by an unknown composer, formerly attributed to Johann Sebastian Bach. The event for which it was written is also unknown.

## Scoring and structure

The cantata is scored for tenor and bass soloists, bassoon, three violins, viola, cello and organ.
It has nine movements:
* Sinfonia
* Recitative (tenor): Wer sucht die Pracht, wer wünscht den Glanz
* Duet aria (tenor and bass): Seele suchst du dein Vergnügen
* Recitative (bass): Umsonst ist hier die Kunst, nur Schatten
* Aria (tenor): Felsenfest muß der Grund von Herzen Stehen
* Recitative (bass): So ist denn das dein einziges Bemühen
* Aria (bass): Entfernet euch, Vergänglichkeiten
* Recitative (tenor): O schöner Schluß, o wohl
* Duet aria (tenor and bass): Der Himmel selbst zerfällt, sein Glanz

## Recording

* Alsfelder Vokalensemble / Steintor Barock Bremen, Wolfgang Helbich. The Apocryphal Bach Cantatas. CPO, 1991.