OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vale of Taunton and Quantock Fringes

The Vale of Taunton and Quantock Fringes form a natural region in the southwest of England in the county of Somerset. Natural England have designated the Vale of Taunton and Quantock Fringes as National Character Area 146.

## Extent

The region covers 48,403 hectares (119,610 acres) and entirely surrounds the northwest–southeast oriented line of the Quantock Hills which form National Character Area 144. The Vale of Taunton runs from the foot of the steep northern scarp of the Blackdown Hills to the coast of the Bristol Channel. In the west it extends between the Quantock Hills and the Brendon Hills on the eastern edge of Exmoor and, to the east, between the Quantock Hills and the Somerset Levels and Moors. Much of the region is verdant and pastoral, transitioning to steep, moorland-topped hills in the west and open clay levels in the east.
Neighbouring natural regions are: Exmoor to the west, the Devon Redlands to the southwest, the Blackdowns to the south, the Mid Somerset Hills to the southeast and the Somerset Levels and Moors to the east.

## Character

The region is a lowland area with a mixed farming landscape, dense hedges, sparse woodland and frequent, scattered settlements. It contrasts sharply with the surrounding uplands. Within the region, there are three distinct areas: the floodplain, the low clay vale and the higher sandstone vale edge. Villages, hamlets and farmsteads are scattered and frequently linked by winding lanes. Cider apple orchards abound, hedgerow oak is plentiful in some areas and there are willows on the floodplains. The coast is open and windswept with low cliffs. Architectural features include red sandstone buildings and prominent Perpendicular church towers.
# Valjala-Nurme

Valjala-Nurme (Nurme until 2017) is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia, on the island of Saaremaa. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 11.
# Valentin de Foronda

Valentin de Foronda y González de Echávarri (14 January 1751, in Vitoria – 24 December 1821), was Spanish general consul in Philadelphia from 1801 to 1807 and Spanish plenipotentiary minister in the U.S. from 1807 to 1809—tense times because of American ships' lack of discipline in trading with Cuba and the U.S.'s support for Francisco de Miranda, who led an attempted revolution for Venezuelan independence from Spain.
He returned to Spain upon the arrival of Luis Onís, who replaced him, and who was nominated by the "Junta Patriótica" opposed to the invasion of Spain by Napoleon Bonaparte.
He taught at the Basque Institutional School, known as Seminario de Vergara, was promoted to Knight of the Military Order of Santiago in 1793, a Knight of the Order of Carlos III in 1801 and was later a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1802.
In November 1799, De Foronda wrote a letter to the then Spanish Secretary of State Mariano Luis de Urquijo, another Basque, concerning the financial crushing of the "Banco de San Carlos", a precursor to the present-day Bank of Spain, where he had invested the proceeds of the sale of his land and farms. Its reception probably resulted in his diplomatic nomination to the Spanish consulate in Philadelphia.
His "Observaciones sobre algunos puntos de la Obra de Don Quijote", Philadelphia (1807), motivated his inclusion on the shortlist of people phobic against seventeenth-century Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes (September 29, 1547 – April 23, 1616).
# Valerie Compton

Valerie Compton (born 1963) is a Canadian writer and journalist. Compton grew up in Bangor, Prince Edward Island and studied at the University of King's College. She has lived in Edmonton, Calgary, and Rothesay, New Brunswick. Compton has been writing short fiction for over twenty years, has written one novel, writes nonfiction articles, and works as a freelance editor and mentor to emerging writers. She now lives in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

## Writing

Author of the novel Tide Road (Goose Lane Editions, 2011) which was named a best book of 2011 by the Telegraph-Journal.
Compton's short fiction has been published in The Malahat Review, The New Quarterly, Riddle Fence, Grain, echolocation, Room, The Dalhousie Review, The Antigonish Review and the anthology Riptides: New Island Fiction.
Her nonfiction articles and reviews have been published in The Globe and Mail, The National Post, The Ottawa Citizen, Gourmet, The Edmonton Journal, The Calgary Herald, Quill & Quire, and The Winnipeg Review, among other periodicals.

## Awards

Tide Road was a finalist for the 2012 Thomas Head Raddall Atlantic Fiction Award.
Compton has been shortlisted twice for the CBC Literary Awards and has an Island Literary Award for Bluebird People in 2006.
# Valerie Collective

The Valerie Collective was founded as a musical cooperation in Nantes, France, in 2007 by David Grellier and his friends and colleagues. Various acts in Valerie include The Outrunners, Minitel Rose, Anoraak, Maethelvin, all from Nantes as well as Russ Chimes from London and DVAS from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Other artists included Keenhouse and Electric Youth. The hymn of the collective is "West Coast Valerie", a remix of the TV series Côte Ouest.
The Valerie Collective is described as "responsible for some of the very best original electronic music now coming out of France", was created as a way to foster musical talent, by providing opportunities for collaboration among artists, also connecting them through blogs and other internet channels. The collective is characterised by a "retro-futurist", "romantic blend of 1980s inspired electro" or synthwave.
Some of the works are released under the Valerie own record label, whereas others are released under various labels like FVTVR, Endless Summer Recordings, Believe Digital, Flexx, Free Danger. The label Endless Summer Recordings also prepared a compilation album in 2009 entitled Valerie and Friends joining a great number of artists in the project.
# Valuation-based system

Valuation-based system (VBS) is a framework for knowledge representation and inference. Real-world problems are modeled in this framework by a network of interrelated entities, called variables. The relationships between variables (possibly uncertain or imprecise) are represented by the functions called valuations. The two basic operations for performing inference in a VBS are combination and marginalization. Combination corresponds to the aggregation of knowledge, while marginalization refers to the focusing (coarsening) of it. VBSs were introduced by Prakash P. Shenoy in 1989 as general frameworks for managing uncertainty in expert systems.

## Applications

VBS are used for knowledge representation in expert systems and data fusion.
# Vaia

Vaia may refer to:
* Vaia Zaganas (born 1975), Canadian boxer
* Vaia (river), a river in Romania
# Valeriy Kurinskyi

Valeryi Alexandrovich Kurinsky (July 13, 1939 - May 3, 2015) was a Ukrainian scientist, philosopher, writer, poet, composer, musician, polyglot, translator from more than a hundred languages, and researcher. He was the author of translations of Levinas, Rilke, Quasimodo, Bin Sin, Tatar poets. He developed his own unique systems for the simultaneous study of several foreign languages.

## Biography

Kurinskyi was born on July 13, 1939, in the city of Pokrovsk (then Krasnoarmeysk), Donetsk region. As an early child during World War II, he and his family were sent to a concentration camp near Vienna, in Austerlitz.
He graduated from the Kyiv Conservatory in the violin class, which he graduated in 1969. By the age of twenty-five, he had mastered about forty languages on his own. After graduating from the Kyiv Conservatory, he was offered the position of head of the literary part of the Kyiv Opera House. It was here that he first met Yevhenia Miroshnychenko, Gizela Tsypola, and Anatoliy Solovyanenko. Working in the opera he continues to write poems for songs, songs for movies. A year later, Kurinsky was offered a new position - Executive Secretary of the Union of Composers of Ukraine. He held a congress of composers, at which the prominent composer Valentin Silvestrov was admitted to the composers' union, although before that his documents were dropped from the lists of candidates for admission.
In 2002-2003, Kurinsky was the host of the TV program "Theater of Thought" (Kyiv).
Valery Kurinsky died on May 3, 2015, in Kyiv. On May 8, 2015, a farewell ceremony took place in the building of the National Union of Composers of Ukraine. Buried in Baikove Cemetery.

## Postpsychological Autodidactics

Valery Kurinskaya is the author of the method "Autodidactics", which is a system for self-learning and self-improvement, which offers a number of methods for managing the process of self-education, which in essence involve the management of mental processes.
# Valerie Otero

Valerie K. Otero is an American physics educator known for her work incorporating trained undergraduate learning assistants into university physics education and studying the effects of doing this on the preparation of future physics teachers. She is a professor of physics education research at the University of Colorado Boulder, executive director of the university's Learning Assistant Program, and co-director of its Center for STEM Learning.

## Education and career

Otero grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the daughter of Hispanic grocers without a college education. She majored in physics at the University of New Mexico, graduating in 1991. She earned a master's degree in geophysics from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in 1995, and completed her Ph.D. in 2001 in physics education research jointly through UCSD and San Diego State University.
She joined the University of Colorado Boulder as an assistant professor of science education in 2001, was promoted to associate professor in 2008, and promoted to full professor in 2014. She became the co-founder and director of the Colorado Learning Assistant Program in 2003, chair of the Department of Math and Science in the university's School of Education in 2010, executive director of the International Learning Assistant Alliance in 2010, and co-founder and co-director of the Center for STEM Learning in 2013.

## Recognition

Otero was a recipient of the 2019 Excellence in Physics Education Award of the American Physical Society (APS). She was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2021, after a nomination from the APS Forum on Education, "for the creation and broad dissemination of innovative physics curricular materials, pioneering contributions to physics teacher education and professional development, and for the development, implementation, and wide dissemination of the Learning Assistant Model across diverse institutions".
She and her colleague Noah Finkelstein were the joint recipients of the 2023 Svend Pedersen Lecture Award of Stockholm University.
# Matthew McIntosh

Matthew McIntosh (born 1977 in Federal Way, WA) is an American writer known for his 2003 novel Well. His second novel, theMystery.doc, was published in 2017.

## Biography
### Early years

McIntosh is a native of Federal Way, Washington. He graduated from the creative writing program at the University of Washington in Seattle after years of being enrolled on-and-off, during which time he held numerous menial jobs. He also attended the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa. As a second-year workshop student, he won Playboy magazine's short story contest for university students for his story "Fishboy."

### Well

McIntosh's debut novel was published in 2003, when he was 26 years old. Well is a series of vignettes about the bleak existence of desperate characters living in the Seattle suburb of Federal Way, Washington. The book earned praise for its realistic characters, stark writing style and for being ambitious. It was both praised and criticized for its structure and unrelated storylines.

### theMystery.doc

McIntosh's second novel, the 1,660-page theMystery.doc, was published by Grove Atlantic on October 3, 2017. He began working on it shortly after Well was published in 2003. It tells the story of an amnesiac writer trying to write an ambitious follow-up novel to a previous work. It contains many subplots, unusual page layouts, styles and fonts, as well as photos. The Washington Post called it "a supersize version of Well" and said that reading it "is like wandering through a gigantic art installation."
# Trithionate hydrolase

In enzymology, a trithionate hydrolase (EC 3.12.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    trithionate + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ thiosulfate + sulfate + 2 H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are trithionate and H$_2$O, whereas its 3 products are thiosulfate, sulfate, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on sulfur-sulfur bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is trithionate thiosulfohydrolase. This enzyme participates in sulfur metabolism.
# Murphys Grammar School

Murphys Grammar School is a historic school building in Murphys, California. Built in 1860, the school was the first public school in Murphys. The school was designed in a vernacular Greek Revival style, which was popular at the time of its construction; its design includes a cornice held up by square pilasters, a pedimented gable, and a cupola over the entrance with its own cornice and square pilasters. The school operated continuously from its opening until it closed in 1973; at the time of its closing, it was the longest continuously running school west of the Mississippi River.
Albert Abraham Michelson, the first American to win the Nobel Prize in Physics, attended the school.
Murphys Grammar School was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 8, 1973.
# MTV Base: SA's Hottest MCs

MTV Base: SA's Hottest MCs is an annual segment that has aired on MTV Base at the end of every year since 2014. The segment consists of a panel of judges who are South African hip hop performers or personalities associated with the South African hip hop genre. The finalists of the list are judged based on impact, lyrics, sales, buzz, style and intangibles.

## 2014

The inaugural edition of the Hottest MCs list was revealed at a two day event on 19–20 November 2014, hosted by Sizwe Dlomo.
* K.O
* Cassper Nyovest
* AKA
* Khuli Chana
* Riky Rick
* Reason
* Kid X
* Da L.E.S
* Kwesta
* Maggz

## 2015

The 2015 list was revealed on 26–27 November 2015.
* Cassper Nyovest
* AKA
* K.O
* Riky Rick
* Okmalumkoolkat
* Kwesta
* Khuli Chana
* Kid X
* iFani
* L-Tido

## 2016

The 2016 list was revealed at a two-day event airing 1-2 December 2016.
* Cassper Nyovest
* Emtee
* Nasty C
* Kwesta
* AKA
* Riky Rick
* Fifi Cooper
* A-Reece
* Okmalumkoolkat
* Gigi LaMayne

## 2017

The 2017 list was announced at a two-day event on 30 November-1 December 2017.
* Kwesta
* Cassper Nyovest
* AKA
* Nasty C
* Emtee
* Shane Eagle
* Riky Rick
* Okmalumkoolkat
* A-Reece
* YoungstaCPT
* MrNytmares

## 2018

The 2018 list was announced 6 December 2018.
* Kwesta
* AKA
* Nasty C
* Cassper Nyovest
* Rouge
* Shane Eagle
* Anatii
* Riky Rick
* Moozlie
* Nadia Nakai

## 2019

The 2019 list was announced on 11–12 December 2019.
* Nasty C
* Sho Madjozi
* Yanga Chief
* AKA
* YoungstaCPT
* Kwesta
* Shane Eagle
* K.O and Riky Rick
* Nadia Nakai
* Boity

## 2020

The 2020 list was announced on 3–4 December 2020 in an event hosted by Ms Cosmo.
* Focalistic
* Yanga Chief
* Nasty C
* Cassper Nyovest
* Big Zulu
* YoungstaCPT
* Busiswa
* Costa Titch
* Riky Rick
* K.O

## 2023

The 2023 list was announced on 3–4 December 2023 in an event hosted by Tshego Koke.
* Nasty C
* JAYIE KLOIE
* Bravo le Roux
* Blxckie
* A-Reece
* K.O
* AKA
* Lucas Raps
* Priddy Ugly
* Dee Koala
# Nance, Missouri

Nance is an extinct town in eastern Taney County, in the Ozarks of southwest Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place. The townsite sits above the east bank of the west fork of Big Creek about one mile north of U.S. Route 160 and about 1.7 miles west of the Taney - Ozark county line. The site is at an elevation of 876 feet.

## History

Early variant names were "Bauff" and "Dit". A post office called Bauff was established in 1858, and closed in 1894. The post office reopened as Dit in 1899, was renamed Nance in 1908, and was discontinued in 1925. The last given name was in honor of Jeff Nance, a local civil servant.
The community once had Nance Schoolhouse, now defunct.
# Lucky Landing Marina and Seaplane Base

Lucky Landing Marina and Seaplane Base (FAA LID: 06B) is a privately owned, public-use seaplane base located seven nautical miles (13 km) north of the central business district of Bangor, a city in Penobscot County, Maine, United States. It is located on Pushaw Lake.

## Facilities and aircraft

Lucky Landing Marina and Seaplane Base has one landing area designated 2/20 which measures 15,000 x 4,000 ft (4,572 x 1,219 m). For the 12-month period ending July 31, 2006, the airport had 1,850 aircraft operations, an average of 154 per month: 86% general aviation and 14% air taxi.
# Lucy Telles

Lucy Parker Telles (c. 1870/1885–1955/6) was a Mono Lake Paiute - Kucadikadi (Northern Paiute) and Southern Sierra Miwok (Yosemite Miwok) Native American basket weaver.

## Background

Lucy Telles was born near Mono Lake, in Mono County, California. Her native name was Pamahas, which translates to "Meadows" in the Northern Paiute language. Her parents were Louisa and Mack Tom. Her maternal grandparents were Mono Lake Paiute Captain Sam and Mono "Yosemite Paiute" Susie Sam. She and her family lived in Yosemite Valley and at Mono Lake. As a child, Telles played near Galen Clark's cabin. To supplement her family's income, she caught fish in the Valley to sell to hotel keepers.
Telles' first husband was Jack Parker, a Paiute. In 1902 they had a son, Lloyd Parker, but shortly after he was born, Jack died. She later married John Telles, a Mexican-American from Texas. John worked as a truck driver and laborer for the Yosemite Park & Curry Company, and the couple lived in Yosemite Valley.
Lucy Telles was one of a group of Mono-Paiute women that "became known for their exceedingly fine, visually stunning and complex polychrome baskets." Other basket weaving artists in this group included Nellie Charlie and Carrie Bethel.

## Art career

Telles, who learned basket weaving as a child, was well known for her fine basketry during her lifetime. Her innovations in basket weaving had a lasting influence on Yosemite weavers. While traditional Miwok baskets had one color, she used two colors per basket. She created black from bracken fern root (Pteridium aquilinum) and red from split redbud twigs. She created new basketry designs, some inspired by Plains Indian geometric beadwork. Lucy sold her baskets to Yosemite visitors.
By the 1920s, Telles was regarded as the best basket weaver in Yosemite Valley. In 1924, she won a prize of $100 for her baskets. Her most famous basket was the largest known to have been woven in Yosemite Valley. It sold for $250 in 1939. An enormous basket with a 36" diameter that took her four years to weave took first prize at the 1933 World's Fair. In 1950, Telles raffled off this basket, her son won it, and the National Park Service purchased it for their Yosemite Museum.
Lucy demonstrated basket making to park visitors from 1930 until her death in 1955 or 1956. She taught her grandson's wife, Julia Peter Parker (Kashaya Pomo) how to weave baskets. She was one of the most prolific California and Yosemite – Mono Lake Paiute basket makers. Several of her baskets are featured at the Yosemite National Park Indian museum.

## Legacy

Two of her baskets were part of an exhibition on the art of Yosemite which appeared at the Autry National Center, the Oakland Museum of California, the Nevada Museum of Art and the Eiteljorg Museum of American Indians and Western Art from 2006 to 2008. One of her baskets from the collection of the California Academy of Sciences, is currently on exhibit at the California Museum in Sacramento.
# Luis Maldonado

Luis Maldonado may refer to:
* Luis Maldonado (politician) (born 1954), Puerto Rican politician, mayor of Ciales
* Luis Maldonado (bishop) (died 1596), Roman Catholic bishop of Nueva Caceres
* Luis Maldonado (footballer, born 1985), Uruguayan footballer
* Luis Maldonado (footballer, born 1996), Ecuadorian footballer
* Luis Maldonado Jr., Paraguayan rally driver
* Luis Maldonado (musician), member of Train and Foreigner
# Lucrezia Borgia (1940 film)

Lucrezia Borgia is a 1940 Italian historical film directed by Hans Hinrich and starring Isa Pola, Friedrich Benfer and Carlo Ninchi. The film portrays the life of Lucrezia Borgia (1480-1519), one of a number of Italian films of the era set during the Renaissance. It was made at the Scalera Studios in Rome.

## Cast

* Isa Pola as Lucrezia Borgia
* Friedrich Benfer as Alessandro Strozzi
* Carlo Ninchi as Ranuccio
* Nerio Bernardi as Alfonsino d'Este, duca di Ferrara
* Pina De Angelis as Barbara Torelli
* Luigi Almirante as Riccio, il giullare
* Guido Lazzarini as Pietro Bembo
* Lina Marengo as La nutrice di Barbara
* Nicola Maldacea as Cosimo
* Giulio Tempesti as L'ambasciatore di Milano
* Amina Pirani Maggi as Beatrice
* Giovanni Stupin as Il taverniere
* Luigi Zerbinati as Un ubriaco nella taverna
* Juan Calvo as Una spia di Riccio nella taverna
# Luisa Strina

Luisa Malzone Strina (born 18 June 1943) is a Brazilian art gallerist and art collector. Her gallery, Galeria Luisa Strina, is the oldest contemporary art gallery in Brazil.

## Early life

Luisa Malzone Strina was born on 18 June 1943 in São Paulo to Italian parents. Her father came from Northern Italy, and her mother came from Southern Italy. Strina started studying psychology, but dropped out. She also took a nursing course and worked in an insurance company.

## Art career

After these experiences, she took free courses, such as photography and painting, at Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP), where she met Brazilian artists Carlos Fajardo and Luiz Paulo Baravelli, who were her professors at FAAP. If on one hand, she recognized that she had no skill to be an artist, she had found her vocation as a marchand (art dealer) and gallerist, scheduling exhibitions in museums and galleries for the artists she met.
In 1974, Baravelli, who had a studio at street Padre João Manuel, in Cerqueira César neighborhood in São Paulo city, complained about the prices of renting the place, so he suggested Strina open an art gallery there. Strina then founded Galeria Luisa Strina, with an inaugural exhibition that same year, with the participation of artists such as Carlos Fajardo, Edo Rocha, José de Moura Resende Filho, Luiz Paulo Baravelli, Nelson Leirner, Rubens Gerchman, Santuza Andrade, and Wesley Duke Lee. She sought to take Brazilian art to the broader world stage, later telling the Financial Times, “Until 1985, the country was closed to export. We were so isolated. It wasn’t just about women artists, it was any artists.”
In the same year, she brought to Brazil for the first time works by American pop artists Roy Lichstenstein, James Rosenquist, Jim Dine, and Andy Warhol.
In an interview for the magazine Valor Econômico, Strina recognizes her role as an agent for the artists she works with. Instead of buying art and waiting for it to appreciate in the private market, she tries to promote the artists she works with, placing the works in museums and relevant collections in the art world. She also has a preference for selling the works to art museums, thus giving the works more visibility. She is particularly known for her role in promoting women artists from Brazil like Lygia Pape.
ArtReview, a London-based magazine, makes an annual list of the most powerful and influential people in the international art field. In 2012, Strina was ranked 61st in the British magazine's ranking, ahead of artists and art collectors like Takashi Murakami, John Baldessari, Yayoi Kusama, and Brazilian businessman Bernardo Paz, founder of the Inhotim Institute. Since 2012, her position in the ranking has fluctuated, peaking in 2017 at 49th.

## Personal life

Strina was married to Wesley Duke Lee for eight years. She lives in Higienópolis neighborhood in São Paulo.