OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wallace's Tower

Wallace's Tower is a ruined 16th-century L-plan tower house, about 3 miles (4.8 km) south west Kelso, Scottish Borders, Scotland, in Roxburgh, west of the River Teviot.

## History

The property belonged to the Kerrs of Cessford. A charter of 1543, which confirmed Walter Ker of Cessford as owner of the lands of the East Mains of Roxburgh, mentions the tower. It has been suggested that it formed part of a chain of signal towers created to warn of English incursions.

## Structure

The tower comprised a main block, with a vaulted basement, and a stair wing, with a tower added at a corner. The main tower was rectangular, with the wings on its north.
One vaulted cellar, which measured 28.5 feet (8.7 m) by 16.5 feet (5.0 m), had two aumbries in the north west wall. There was a service-stair to the north tower, and a door into a vaulted chamber (measuring almost 12 feet (3.7 m) by over 11 feet (3.4 m) with an aumbry in the south west gable) the lowest storey of the south wing. The tower is constructed of freestone rubble. Its windows, which are small, have rounded arises.
# Giovanni Vincenzo Acquaviva d'Aragona

Giovanni Vincenzo Acquaviva d'Aragona (born between 1490 and 1495 in Naples in Italy, died 16 August 1546 in Itri) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He became bishop of Melfi and Rapolla in 1537.

## Life

Belonging to an illustrious and powerful noble family from the south, Giovanni Vincenzo Acquaviva d'Aragona was born in Naples, the son of Andrea Matteo III Acquaviva d'Aragona, eighth duke of Atri, 15th Count of Conversano and Count of Caserta, and his wife Isabella Piccolomini. His nephew, Claudio Acquaviva, son of his brother Giannantonio Donato, 9th Duke of Atri, was the fifth General of the Jesuits.
In February 1537, he was elected bishop of the diocese of Melfi and Rapolla; and in June that year, Archpriest of Santa Maria in Platea di San Flaviano. He was made cardinal by Pope Paul III on 2 June 1542 and Prefect of Castle Sant'Angelo. Ten days later, he was given the titular seat of San Martino ai Monti. He died on 16 August 1546 in Itri.
Grand-uncle of Cardinals Giulio Acquaviva d'Aragona and Ottavio Acquaviva d'Aragona (seniore) (1591). Other cardinals of the family are Ottavio Acquaviva d'Aragona (iuniore) (1654); Francesco Acquaviva d'Aragona (1706); Troiano Acquaviva d'Aragona (1732); and Pasquale Acquaviva d'Aragona (1770).

## Giulio Acquaviva d'Aragona

Giulio Acquaviva d'Aragona (1546–1574) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal. Giulio Acquaviva d'Aragona was born in Naples in 1546, the son of patricians Giangirolamo Acquaviva d'Aragona, (great-grandson of Andrea Matteo Acquaviva, 8th Duke of Atri). His mother was Margherita Pio di Carpi. He was the grand-nephew of Cardinal Giovanni Vincenzo Acquaviva d'Aragona and nephew of Claudio Acquaviva, the Superior General of the Jesuits. His brother Ottavio Acquaviva d'Aragona (seniore) also became cardinal and another brother, Rodolfo Acquaviva, is remembered for becoming a Christian martyr in India.
He moved to Rome in 1566. There, he became a Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura. Pope Pius V sent him as ambassador to Phillip II of Spain in an attempt to resolve a question of ecclesiastical jurisdiction. He accomplished this mission successfully, earning the goodwill of the pope.
Pope Pius V made him a cardinal deacon in the consistory of 17 May 1570. He received the red hat and the deaconry of San Teodoro on 9 June 1570. He attended Pope Pius V on his deathbed. He participated in the papal conclave of 1572 that elected Pope Gregory XIII.
He died in Rome on 21 July 1574, at the age of twenty-eight. He was buried in the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran.
# George Adomian

George Adomian (March 21, 1922 – June 17, 1996) was an American mathematician, aerospace engineer, and academic of Armenian descent. He developed the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) for solving nonlinear differential equations, both ordinary and partial. The method is explained, among other places, in his book Solving Frontier Problems in Physics: The Decomposition Method (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2004).
He was educated at Cass Technical High School in Detroit. He earned a bachelor's of science at the University of Michigan and a PhD in physics from UCLA.
He was a professor at Pennsylvania State University from 1964-66, and then was Chair of Applied Mathematics at the University of Georgia (UGA) from 1966 through 1989. While at UGA, he started the Center for Applied Mathematics.

## Selected works

* G. Adomian: Stochastic Systems, Academic Press, 1983. ISBN 0-12-044370-8
* G. Adomian: Nonlinear Stochastic Operator Equations, Academic Press, 1986. ISBN 0-12-044375-9
* G. Adomian: Nonlinear Stochastic Systems Theory and Applications to Physics, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989. ISBN 90-277-2525-X
# Myrmel

Myrmel (Myrmæl Bruk) is one of the largest and oldest farms the sub-parish of Sande in Sunnfjord, Vestland county, Norway.
Myrmel lies on a sunny hill with moraine soil, which is excellent to cultivate. On the other hand, it was full of big stones, thus it was sometimes difficult during the haying. The name Myrmel derives from mjali og meli, which is a reference to porous soil. The farm was first recorded in 1350, but it was probably already inhabited much earlier.
# 6P1P

The 6P1P (Russian: 6П1П) is a Soviet-made miniature 9-pin beam tetrode vacuum tube with ratings similar to the 6AQ5, EL90 and the 6V6. Because of a different pinout (a 9-pin base versus 7-pin base) than an 6AQ5/EL90, it cannot be used as a plug-in replacement for these types; however, it will work in the same circuit with component values unchanged. Its maximum plate/screen voltage and dissipation ratings are actually slightly higher than a 6AQ5. A ruggedized/extended ratings version of the tube is designated 6P1P-EV (Russian: 6П1П-ЕВ), roughly equivalent to the 6AQ5W. A Chinese-manufactured version of the tube also exists, labeled 6P1.
The type was commonly used in Soviet-built vacuum tube radios and TV sets as an output audio amplifier, until it was replaced by the higher-performance 6P14P (close to the EL84). In some old soviet TV sets (mainly before 1960 on 70 degrees deflection picture tubes), it was also used as frame output tube, until more specialized tubes for this purpose were developed in the Soviet union.
The tube is no longer believed to be in production.
# Obornjača

Obornjača may refer to:
* Obornjača (Ada), a village in the Ada municipality, Serbia
* Obornjača (Bačka Topola), a village in the Bačka Topola municipality, Serbia
# Odozana incarnata

Odozana incarnata is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Peter Jörgensen in 1935 and it is found in Paraguay.
# Rajendra Prakash Singh

Rajendra Prakash Singh (24 July 1945 – 5 February 2020) was an Indian physician and politician from Madhya Pradesh belonging to Bharatiya Janata Party. He was a legislator of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He was a minister of the Government of Madhya Pradesh too.

## Biography

Singh was elected as a legislator of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Roun 1990. Later, he was appointed as the health and general administration department minister in the cabinet of Sunderlal Patwa. He was also elected from Roun in 1993.
Singh died of cancer on 5 February 2020 at the age of 75.
# Goda-ikka

The Goda-ikka (合田一家, Gōda-ikka) is a yakuza group based in Yamaguchi, Japan. It is a designated yakuza group and Yamaguchi Prefecture's largest, with an estimated 60 members.

## History

The group was formed in 1948 as the Goda-gumi (合田組, Gōda-gumi) in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi by Koichi Goda, then a member of an old yakuza clan, the Kagotora-gumi. The Goda-gumi was renamed the Goda-ikka in 1968. It was registered as a designated yakuza group under the Organized Crime Countermeasures Law in July 1992.
Kanji Nukui became its six-generation president in 1994. In October 2009, following his retirement, Makoto Suehiro became the seventh-generation president.

## Description

Based in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, the Goda-ikka has known offices in two other prefectures.
It is the largest yakuza group in Yamaguchi Prefecture, followed by the Yamaguchi-gumi. As of 2008, about 64% of yakuza members in Yamaguchi Prefecture belong to the Goda-ikka.
Since 1996, the Goda-ikka has been a member of an anti-Yamaguchi federation, the Gosha-kai, along with three other Chugoku-based organizations, the Kyosei-kai, the Kyodo-kai, the Asano-gumi, and the Shikoku-based Shinwa-kai.
# Wailua River yellow loosestrife

Wailua River yellow loosestrife is a common name for two very rare species of Hawaiian plants and may refer to:
* Lysimachia filifolia
* Lysimachia iniki
# Melia

Melia or Melie (Ancient Greek: Μελία, Μελίη) may refer to:

## Places

* Melia, Evros, a village in northeastern Greece
* Melia (Ionia), a Carian city destroyed by the Ionian League in early Ionia
* Melia, Nebraska, a census-designated place in Nebraska
* Mongiuffi Melia, a commune of Messina

## People and fictional characters

* Melia (given name)
* Melia (surname)

## Hotels

* Hotel Meliá, a hotel in Ponce, Puerto Rico
* Meliá Hotels International, a Spanish-owned hotel chain
* Hotel Gran Meliá Iguazú, a hotel in Argentina
* Meliá Barcelona Sarrià Hotel, a hotel in Barcelona
* Melia Grand Hermitage, a hotel in Bulgaria
* Gran Meliá Ghoo, a hotel in Iran
* Gran Meliá Don Pepe, a hotel in Marbella, Spain
* Hotel Melia Barcelona Sky, a hotel in Barcelona
* Meliá Cohiba Hotel, a hotel in Havana

## Greek mythology

* Melia (mythology), the name of several figures
* Melia, the singular form of Meliae, a type of nymph
* Melia (consort of Poseidon), a mythical figure
* Melia (consort of Apollo), a mythical figure
* Melia (consort of Inachus), a mythical figure

## Flora

* Melia (plant), a genus of trees
* Melia azedarach, a tree of the mahogany family
* Melia, a Hawaiian name for the Plumeria (frangipani) flower
* Melia dubia, the neem tree
* Meliaceae, the mahogany family

## Fauna

* Melia, a former genus of snout moths now synonymized with Aphomia
* Glenea melia, a species of beetle
* Adoxophyes melia, a species of moth
* Dismorphia melia, a butterfly
# Melvin Choo

Melvin Choo Kwok Ming (born 24 July 1970) is a Singaporean auto racing driver.

## Career

Choo competed in the final two rounds of the 2008 FIA World Touring Car Championship, becoming the first driver from Singapore to compete in the WTCC. He drove for the Thunder Asia Racing Team in a BMW 320si with a best placed result of 20th at Okayama Circuit, Japan. He also finished as runner-up in Division Two of the Asian Touring Car Championship in 2008, after finishing third in 2007. Other races participated in 2008 includes the Aston Martin Asia Cup, and finishing as runner-up in Class B of the Porsche Carrera Cup Asia.
In 2009 Super GT season, Choo spot-raced in the Malaysia round for the Thunder Asia Racing with Martin Short and became the first Singaporean driver in the event. Their team finished 13th in GT300 class. He and the team would be fully involved in the 2010 Super GT season, while he was also appointed as the official negotiator of Super GT to promote the event in Singapore, including a possibility to bringing the race to Singapore in future.

### Complete WTCC results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Team | Car | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | Position | Points |
| 2008 | ThunderAsia Racing | BMW 320si | CUR | CUR | PUE | PUE | VAL | VAL | PAU | PAU | BRN | BRN | EST | EST | BRA | BRA | OSC | OSC | IMO | IMO | MON | MON | OKA | OKA | MAC | MAC | NC | 0 |
| 2008 | ThunderAsia Racing | BMW 320si | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 23 | 20 | Ret | Ret | NC | 0 |

### Complete Super GT results

| Year | Team | Car | Class | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | DC | Pts |
| 2009 | ThunderAsia Racing | Mosler MT900M | GT300 | OKA | SUZ | FUJ | SEP 13 | SUG | SUZ | FUJ | AUT | MOT | NC | 0 |
| 2010 | ThunderAsia Racing | Mosler MT900M | GT300 | SUZ | OKA Ret | FUJ Ret | SEP Ret | SUG Ret | SUZ 14 | FUJ C | MOT | | NC | 0 |
| 2011 | ThunderAsia Racing | Mosler MT900M | GT300 | OKA 16 | FUJ 15 | SEP 15 | SUG | SUZ 18 | FUJ 20 | AUT 19 | MOT 18 | | NC | 0 |
# Melvin Cohn

Melvin Cohn (1922 – October 23, 2018) was an American immunologist who co-founded the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. He demonstrated that immunoglobulins and white blood cells interact directly with pathogens to protect the body from infection, and is considered a pioneer in the research of gene regulation.

## Early life

Cohn was born in New York City in 1922. Although both of his parents worked in law, he chose to study physics at the City College of New York. After graduating in 1940, he entered the graduate school of Columbia University and earned his master's degree in chemistry.
During World War II, Cohn was drafted into the United States Army and served in a medical research unit in the Pacific Theater. After the end of the war, he was sent to Hiroshima, Japan in 1945 to study the after-effects of the atomic bombing of the city. He also diagnosed patients affected by a major diphtheria epidemic in the country.
After being discharged from the army in 1946, he attended New York University and earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry in 1949, with a specialization in immunoglobulins.

## Career

From 1949 Cohn worked in Paris, France at the Pasteur Institute, conducting research on genes and cells with the French scientist Jacques Monod, who later won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
From 1955 to 1958, Cohn served as professor of microbiology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1959, he moved to Stanford University School of Medicine in Palo Alto, California, where he was professor of biochemistry. Cohn's reputation as a leading researcher in molecular biology attracted the attention of Jonas Salk, who was planning to build the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. They struck a friendship as Cohn drove Salk around the San Francisco Bay Area looking at potential sites.
In 1961, when Salk decided to build his institute in La Jolla in Southern California, he invited Cohn and Renato Dulbecco to serve as co-founders, which they both accepted despite the risks involved in joining a new venture which was still short of money. Cohn's wife, biologist Suzanne Bourgeois, also joined them.
Cohn studied the immune system at the Salk Institute for the next 57 years. He demonstrated that immunoglobulins and white blood cells react directly to pathogens to protect the body from infection, and developed computer models to predict the immune system's response to infections.

## Personal life

Cohn married Ruby Burman, a theater scholar and authority on Samuel Beckett, in 1946. They divorced in 1961. He later married again, to biologist Suzanne Bourgeois.
Cohn died in San Diego, California on October 23, 2018, at the age of 96.

## Honors and recognition

Some of the honors and awards Cohn had received:
* Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award (1956)
* Honorary Member of the Scandinavian Society for Immunology (1978)
* Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1980)
* Sandoz Prize in Basic Immunology (1995)
# Walter Aston, 9th Lord Aston of Forfar

Walter Aston, 9th Lord Aston of Forfar (15 September 1769 – 21 January 1845) was a son of Walter Aston, 8th Lord Aston of Forfar, and Anne Hutchinson. He was an ordained clergyman of the Church of England, and became the Vicar of Tardebigge, Worcestershire and Tamworth, Warwickshire.
He married on 15 June 1802, Elizabeth Haines, daughter of Rev. Nathan Haines.
In 1805, he succeeded his father as Lord Aston of Forfar in the peerage of Scotland. While he assumed and bore the title of Lord Aston of Forfar, and it was recorded by the County of Worcester, he presented a petition in 1819 to be officially declared Baron Aston of Forfar, for which no decision was made.
He and his wife had no children. She died in 1833, and he died on 21 January 1845, when his title fell into abeyance and became extinct.
# Meradong

Meradong may refer to:
* Meradong District
* Meradong (state constituency), represented in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly
# Merafloxacin

Merafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial that inhibits the pseudoknot formation which is necessary for the frameshift in the SARS-CoV-2 genome. It is a promising drug candidate for SARS-CoV-2.
# Merenius

Merenius is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1910.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains twelve species:
* Merenius alberti Lessert, 1923 – Southern Africa
* Merenius concolor Caporiacco, 1947 – Tanzania
* Merenius myrmex Simon, 1910 – Guinea-Bissau
* Merenius plumosus Simon, 1910 (type) – Guinea-Bissau
* Merenius proximus Lessert, 1929 – Congo
** Merenius p. quadrimaculatus Lessert, 1946 – Congo
* Merenius recurvatus (Strand, 1906) – Ethiopia, East Africa
* Merenius secundus (Strand, 1907) – Tanzania
* Merenius simoni Lessert, 1921 – Congo, East Africa
* Merenius solitarius Lessert, 1946 – Congo
* Merenius tenuiculus Simon, 1910 – Sierra Leone
* Merenius yemenensis Denis, 1953 – Yemen
# Walter Medhurst

Walter Medhurst may refer to:
* Walter Henry Medhurst (1796–1857), English Congregationalist missionary to China
* Walter Henry Medhurst (consul) (1822–1885), his son, British diplomat in China
# Mepixanox

Mepixanox (Pimexone) is a respiratory stimulant.
# Mepirapim

MEPIRAPIM is an indole-based cannabinoid which differs from JWH-018 by having a 4-methylpiperazine group in place of the naphthyl group and has been used as an active ingredient in synthetic cannabis products. It was first identified in Japan in 2013, alongside FUBIMINA. MEPIRAPIM acts as a T-type calcium channel inhibitor and is only minimally active at the central CB1 receptor.

## Legality

Sweden's public health agency suggested to classify MEPIRAPIM as hazardous substance on November 10, 2014.
# Wanda Jablonski

Wanda Jablonski (23 August 1920, in Czechoslovakia – 28 January 1992, in New York City) was an American journalist who covered the global petroleum industry. She was called "the most influential oil journalist of her time" in Daniel Yergin's The Prize.

## Early life and education

Jablonski was the daughter of Polish petroleum geologist Eugene Jablonski, and was immersed in the oil industry throughout her childhood. She studied at St George's School, Harpenden in England until July 1937, where she gained her school certificate and got the form prize in July 1938 before leaving to study in America.
She and her parents traveled widely, and although she became an American citizen, she developed great sympathy for other cultures – an attribute which as an adult enabled her to make deep contacts across the world oil industry, from the multinational oil companies to the leaders of oil-producing countries.
Jablonski earned a B.A. from Cornell University in 1942 and an M.A. from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism the following year.

## Career

Jablonski began as the oil editor at the Journal of Commerce, where she made her mark with a 1948 interview in Caracas with Juan Pablo Pérez Alfonso, then the Venezuelan oil minister, which cleverly synthesized the developing nations' viewpoint, in those days rarely heard in the Western hemisphere. She moved to Petroleum Week journal in 1954 and cemented her reputation, speaking on equal terms with oil ministers and company chairmen. A rare woman in a man's world, she was known throughout the oil industry simply as "Wanda".
She is credited with arranging the 1959 Cairo meeting where Abdullah Tariki, Juan Pablo Pérez Alfonso, and other oil ministers of Middle East signed the "Gentleman's Agreement," or Mehdi Pact (Maadi Pact - after the yacht club in Maadi) a precursor of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), the international organization whose mission is to coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. In 1960, Jablonski reported to oil company executives that there was a marked hostility toward the West and a growing outcry against "absentee landlordism" in the Middle East. "From offices in London, New York, and Pittsburgh, top executives of oil companies were controlling destinies of Middle East oil-producing states."$^{:503}$ Ignoring her warning, in August 1960, the major oil companies unilaterally reduced the prices that were used to calculate how much revenue the producing countries received. As a direct result, in September 1960, representatives from oil-producing countries met and formed OPEC.
She then founded Petroleum Intelligence Weekly in 1961, the journal which came to be known as "the bible of the oil industry", and ran it until 1988.
Jablonski died in 1992 of heart failure at the age of 71.
# Menno-Jan Kraak

Menno-Jan Kraak (born 28 March 1958, Vaassen) is a Dutch cartographer and professor of Geovisual Analytics and Cartography at the Faculty of Geoinformation Sciences and Earth Observation at the University of Twente. He is known for his work in cartography and his activities in the International Cartographic Association.

## Academic career

Menno-Jan Kraak graduated (MSc) in Cartography from Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Utrecht University in 1981. Between 1981 and 1983 he did his compulsory army service as an officer in a military geography unit.
In 1983 Kraak started to work at Faculty of Geodesy, Delft University of Technology as Assistant, and later as associate professor in cartography. In 1996 he started as full professor of cartography at ITC Enschede. Between 1998 and 2010 he was appointed as professor in New Visualization Techniques in Cartography at Department of GeoSciences, Utrecht University. In 2010, ITC became part of University of Twente and Menno-Jan became professor of Geovisual Analytics and Cartography. Currently he is head of ITC's Geoinformation Processing Department.
From 2015 to 2019, Kraak was president of the International Cartographic Association.

## Selected publications

* Cartography visualization of spatial data. With Ferjan Ormeling. London: Routledge / New York Guildford Press, 3rd edition, 2011. Translations to Polish (1998), Russian (2005), Indonesian (2007), and Chinese (2014). Original Dutch editions Delft University Press, 1987, 1990 and 1993.
* Web Cartography – developments and prospects. With A. Brown. London: Taylor & Francis, 2000.
* Exploring Geovisualization. With Jason Dykes and Alan M. MacEachren. Amsterdam: Elseviers /International Cartographic Association, 2005.
* Mapping Time: Illustrated by Minard's Map of Napoleon's Russian Campaign of 1812. Redlands: ESRI Press, 2014.