OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gramlille

Framille is a listed house located on the Main Street in Kongens Lyngby, opposite Lyngby Church, in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. The building is today part of Lyngby Library and is connected to the main library building by a glazed corridor in its north gable.

## History

The property traces its history back to 1748 when the French envoy in Copenhagen, Abbé Lemaire, constructed a country site next to Lyngby Church. It was located on rented land and belonged to the land owner Jean Henri Desmercières after Lemaire was called back to France in 1753. He sold it to the merchant Reinhard Iselin in 1757.
The property was 1767 purchased by the printmaker and later professor at the Royal Academy Johan Martin Preisler. He belonged to "Bernstorffsk'e Circle", a group of German civil servants, writers and artists associated with the influential Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff. The group met at Preisler's house in Lyngby in the summer time from 1761. The most notable member of the group was the poet Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock who lived in Denmark from 1751 to 1770. A great lover of nature, he went for walks in the surrounding countryside in the summer time and ice skated on Lyngby Lake in winter. Klopstock's Oak at Prinsessestien is named after him. From 1754 to 1758, Klopstock lived with his wife Meta in Lyngby during the summer months, probably together with his brother August who managed a silk factory founded by Klopstock 's friend Hermann Rahn at a site just north of the church in 1752. After his wife's death in childbirth in 1758, Klopstock no longer spend his summers in Lyngy but he was still a frequent visitor in Preisler's house until 1770. Another member of the circle was the German court pastor Johan Andreas Cramer who owned a country house at nearby Stades Krog from 1756 to 1768. Friedrich Gabriel Resewitz, who was pastor at the German church in Copenhagen, owned Jægergården at Prinsessestien from 1769 to 1773. When J. H. E. Bernstorff was fired by Struense in 1770 and left Denmark, the circle slowly disintegrated but Preisler owned the house in Lyngby for another 20 years. His guests included the German priest Balthasar Münter, who visited him together with his daughter Friederike, the later wife of Constantin Brun and a well-known salonist at Sophienholm.
The house was acquired by Hother Müffelmann in 1875. He introduced the current name which refers to a farm in Gram that he leased.
The building was acquired by Lyngby-Taarbæk Municipality in 1955 and housed Lyngby Library's department of music from 1963.

## Today

Lyngby Library's music department moved out in 2004 and the building has since then been used as office space and for meetings and teaching purposes.
# Radmilovići

Radmilovići (Cyrillic: Радмиловићи) is a village in the municipality of Novo Goražde, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the village has no inhabitants.
# Gradually varied surface

In mathematics, a gradually varied surface is a special type of digital surfaces. It is a function from a 2D digital space (see digital geometry) to an ordered set or a chain.
A gradually varied function is a function from a digital space $\Sigma$ to $\{A_{1},\dots ,A_{m}\}$ where $A_{1}<\cdots <A_{m}$ and $A_{i}$ are real numbers. This function possesses the following property: If x and y are two adjacent points in $\Sigma$, assume $f(x)=A_{i}$, then $f(y)=A_{i}$, $f(x)=A_{i+1}$, or $A_{i-1}$.
The concept of the continuous function in digital space (can be called digitally continuous functions) was proposed by Azriel Rosenfeld in 1986. It is a function in which the value (an integer) at a digital point is the same or almost the same as its neighbors. In other words, if x and y are two adjacent points in a digital space, |f(x) − f(y)| ≤ 1.
So we can see that the gradually varied function is defined to be more general than the digitally continuous function. The gradually varied function was defined by L. Chen in 1989.
An extension theorem related to above functions was mentioned by Rosenfeld (1986) and completed by Chen (1989). This theorem states: Let $D\subset \Sigma$ and $f:D\rightarrow \{A_{1},\dots ,A_{m}\}$. The necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the gradually varied extension $F$ of $f$ is : for each pair of points $x$ and $y$ in $D$, assume $f(x)=A_{i}$ and $f(y)=A_{j}$, we have $|i-j|\leq d(x,y)$, where $d(x,y)$ is the (digital) distance between $x$ and $y$.
The gradually varied surface has direct relationship to graph homomorphism.
# Railway Stakes

Railway Stakes may refer to:
* Railway Stakes (Perth racing), a horse race held by Perth Racing at Ascot Racecourse in Australia
* Railway Stakes (Ireland), a horse race held at the Curragh in Ireland
* Railway Stakes (New Zealand), a horse race held at Ellerslie Racecourse in New Zealand
# Rajani Kanta Patir

Rajani Kanta Patir (born 1917, date of death unknown), also known as R. K. Patir, was an Indian Administrative Service officer. He was the chief secretary of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, retiring from that position in 1982.[citation needed]
His autobiography, Dawn in the East: An Autobiography, was published in 1999 and tells his story of being born in a Mising family and becoming successful. In March 2017, it was noted that Patir is deceased.

## Works

* Dawn in the east : an autobiography. New Delhi: Vitastā. 1999. ISBN 978-81-86588-04-8. OCLC 42684571.
# GrandPa's

GrandPa's or GrandPa Pidgeon's was a discount store founded in 1954 by Tom and Mildred Pidgeon, spreading across the midwest from its Bridgeton, Missouri (located in St. Louis County) origins, which remained truly "discount", when most others like Venture, Kmart and Target gradually raised prices in order to finance a more attractive layout and broader range of merchandise. Tom Pidgeon, born in Sebring, Ohio in 1902, was in the low price china business from the early 1930s to the early 1950s. He sold his company, Pidgeon Vitrified China in 1953 when he foresaw the impact plastic was having on the lower end dinnerware market. The first Grandpa Pidgeon's was opened in February 1954 and managed by his son-in-law, John (Jack) Holley, born in 1924 in Galena, Kansas. In 1958 Jack Holley began a separate but related enterprise known as Grandpa's, and opened a store on Collinsville Road between East St. Louis and Collinsville, Illinois. Also another location in Swansea on Highway 159 which later became the questionable Value City and is now currently Rural King. Over the next decade, Holley subsequently opened several other stores in the St. Louis metropolitan area, before buying the company outright from his father-in-law in 1968.
Holley formed the Gramex Corporation in 1970, which also oversaw such companies as Forsythe Computers and Omni Sports, which was forced to close due to increasing competition.
In 1986 Jack Holley retired and turned the company over to his oldest son Tom Holley, who presided over an expansion both within and outside the metro St. Louis area into locations such as Greenville, Illinois and Farmington, Missouri, among other places. By the late 1990s there were thirteen Grandpa's locations.
GrandPa's was sold, in 1999, to Value City. It had approximately $200,000,000 in sales in its final year. It was profitable until its sale, failing to end only 1993 in the black, but was said to be facing a harder struggle near the end.
The company was known for their newspaper distributed advertising circulars that were printed mostly with black ink on a brown paper, in contrast to the glossy full color circulars of competitors.
# Rakkayi Koyil

Rakkayi Koyil (transl. Rakkayi's Temple) is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed and co-written by Manivasagam. The film stars Vijayakumar, Selva and Kasthuri, with an ensemble supporting cast including Manorama, Goundamani and Senthil. It was released on 5 February 1993.

## Cast

* Vijayakumar as Bommu Nayakar
* Selva as Chinrasu
* Kasthuri as Vellaiyamma
* Manorama as Jakkamma
* Vadivukkarasi as Ramattha
* Goundamani as a barber
* Senthil as barber

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

## Reception

R. P. R of Kalki praised Vijayakumar's performance and the cinematography but called Ilaiyaraaja's music average.
# Grammy Hall of Fame

The Grammy Hall of Fame is a hall of fame to honor musical recordings of lasting qualitative or historical significance. Inductees are selected annually by a special member committee of eminent and knowledgeable professionals from all branches of the recording arts. It is compiled by The Recording Academy in the United States, and was established in 1973. Recordings (singles and albums) in all genres are eligible for selection, and must be over 25 years old to be considered. Additions to the list are chosen annually by a committee of recording arts professionals.
Alphabetical listing by title:
* List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (A–D)
* List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (E–I)
* List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (J–P)
* List of Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients (Q–Z)
# Rakesh Bhatnagar

Rakesh Bhatnagar is an Indian educationist, scientist, and the current Vice Chancellor of Amity University Rajasthan. Previously he has served as the 27th Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University.

## Early life

He has an M. Sc. from Kanpur University and Phd from National Sugar Institute.

## Career

He has served as the dean of the school of biotechnology at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), the Vice Chancellor of Kumaun University, the director of the academic staff college at JNU, and the director of the Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility at JNU. Dr. Bhatnagar also served as the Vice Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. He helped develop a genetically engineered vaccine against anthrax. He is an elected fellow of several major Indian science academies and is a recipient of many honors, including the 2016 President of India Visitor's Award for Innovation. His team has also developed a DNA vaccine against Rabies. His research group has initiated research in other important infectious disease systems like Mycobacterium, Brucella; aiming to open avenues for their control. His areas of interest are Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Recombinant Vaccine Development, and Programmed Cell Death in Prokaryotes.
# Grant Richards

Grant Richards may refer to:
* Grant Richards (publisher) (1872–1948), British publisher and writer
* Grant Richards (publishing house), founded in 1897 by the publisher
* Grant Richards (actor) (1911–1963), American actor
# Rajupalem, Guntur district

Rajupalem is a village in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Rajupalem mandal of Sattenapalli revenue division.

## Government and politics

Rajupalem gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. It is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a ward member. The ward members are headed by a Sarpanch.
# Rambutan (cryptography)

Rambutan is a family of encryption technologies designed by the Communications-Electronics Security Group (CESG), the technical division of the United Kingdom government's secret communications agency, GCHQ.
It includes a range of encryption products designed by CESG for use in handling confidential (not secret) communications between parts of the British government, government agencies, and related bodies such as NHS Trusts. Unlike CESG's Red Pike system, Rambutan is not available as software: it is distributed only as a self-contained electronic device (an ASIC) which implements the entire cryptosystem and handles the related key distribution and storage tasks. Rambutan is not sold outside the government sector.
Technical details of the Rambutan algorithm are secret. Security researcher Bruce Schneier describes it as being a stream cipher (linear-feedback shift register) based cryptosystem with 5 shift registers each of around 80 bits, and a key size of 112 bits. RAMBUTAN-I communications chips (which implement a secure X.25 based communications system) are made by approved contractors Racal and Baltimore Technologies/Zergo Ltd. CESG later specified RAMBUTAN-II, an enhanced system with backward compatibility with existing RAMBUTAN-I infrastructure. The RAMBUTAN-II chip is a 64-pin quad ceramic pack chip, which implements the electronic codebook, cipher block chaining, and output feedback operating modes (each in 64 bits) and the cipher feedback mode in 1 or 8 bits. Schneier suggests that these modes may indicate Rambutan is a block cipher rather than a stream. The three 64 bit modes operate at 88 megabits/second. Rambutan operates in three modes: ECB, CBC, and 8 bit CFB.
# Rambwe

Rambwe is a village in the Commune of Mpanda in Bubanza Province in north western Burundi.
# Raida

Raida may refer to
* Raido, a Proto-Germanic name
* Al-Raida (The Woman Pioneer), a Lebanese feminist journal
* Roc Raida (1972–2009), American DJ, turntablist and producer
# Gran Abuelo

Gran Abuelo is Spanish for great grandfather.
Gran Abuelo may also refer to:
* Alerce Milenario, a very old tree in Chile, also known as "Gran Abuelo" in Spanish
* Maximón, a Mayan deity also known as "El Gran Abuelo" in Spanish
* Gran Abuelo (horse), a Venezuelan racehorse that won the 2002 Clásico del Caribe
# Gran Alianza Nacional

Gran Alianza Nacional can refer to:
* Grand National Alliance (Dominican Republic)
* Grand National Alliance (Guatemala)
# Ralekoti Mokhahlane

Ralekoti Mokhahlane (born 3 June 1986) is a retired Mosotho footballer who played as a midfielder. He has won six caps for the Lesotho national football team since 2006.

## International career
### International goals

    Scores and results list Lesotho's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 8 July 2013 | Arthur Davies Stadium, Kitwe, Zambia | Kenya | 1–0 | 2–2 | 2013 COSAFA Cup |
| 2. | 9 July 2013 | Arthur Davies Stadium, Kitwe, Zambia | Botswana | 1–2 | 3–3 | 2013 CECAFA Cup |
| 3. | 6 September 2015 | Setsoto Stadium, Maseru, Lesotho | Algeria | 1–1 | 1–3 | 2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification |
| 4. | 25 October 2015 | Setsoto Stadium, Maseru, Lesotho | Zimbabwe | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2016 African Nations Championship qualification |
# Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 8

Download Series Volume 8 is a live album by the rock band the Grateful Dead. It was released as a digital download on December 6, 2005, and features most of the concert performed by the band on December 10, 1973, at the Charlotte Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina.
The songs omitted from the album are "Jack Straw", "Tennessee Jed", "El Paso", and "Brown-Eyed Women" from the first set, and "Me and My Uncle" from the second set.
Volume 8 was mastered in HDCD format by Jeffrey Norman.

## Track listing

Disc one
    First set:
* "Bertha" (Garcia, Hunter) - 7:01
* "Mexicali Blues" (Weir, Barlow) - 4:12
* "Deal" (Garcia, Hunter) - 4:50
* "Big River" (Cash) - 4:54
* "Don't Ease Me In" (Trad. Arr. By Grateful Dead) - 4:03
* "Playing In The Band" (Weir, Hart, Hunter) - 20:52
    Second set:
* "Promised Land" (Berry) - 3:40
* "Peggy-O" (Trad. Arr. By Grateful Dead) - 6:03
* "Row Jimmy" (Garcia, Hunter) - 9:49
* "Me and Bobby McGee" (Kristofferson, Foster) - 5:59
* "Big Railroad Blues" (Lewis, Arr. By Grateful Dead) - 4:26
Disc two
* "Truckin' " > (Garcia, Lesh, Weir, Hunter) - 9:00
* "Nobody's Fault But Mine" > (Johnson) - 5:07
* "Eyes Of The World" > (Garcia, Hunter) -13:20
* "Brokedown Palace" (Garcia, Hunter) - 6:23
* "China Cat Sunflower" > (Garcia, Hunter) - 5:16
* "I Know You Rider" (Trad. Arr. By Grateful Dead) - 8:41
* "Sugar Magnolia" > (Weir, Hunter) - 6:16
* "Goin' Down The Road Feeling Bad" > (Trad. Arr. By Grateful Dead) - 8:46
* "Sunshine Daydream" (Weir, Hunter) - 3:11
    Encore:
* "Casey Jones" (Garcia, Hunter) - 7:26

## Personnel

Grateful Dead
* Jerry Garcia – lead guitar, vocals
* Keith Godchaux – piano
* Bill Kreutzmann – drums
* Phil Lesh – electric bass
* Bob Weir – rhythm guitar, vocals
Production
* Kidd Candelario – recording
* Jeffrey Norman – mastering
# Granges-sur-Aube

Granges-sur-Aube (French pronunciation:, literally Granges on Aube) is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Granges-sur-Vologne

Granges-sur-Vologne (French pronunciation: , literally Granges on Vologne) is a former commune in the Vosges department in northeastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Granges-Aumontzey.
# Grande Hotel da Póvoa

Grande Hotel da Póvoa, in earlier times Palace Hotel, is a historic hotel located in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. It has a modernist style of great impact and is located at Passeio Alegre square, in Póvoa de Varzim City Center waterfront.
The façade and cover were designed by architect Rogério de Azevedo, a prominent New State architect, who also designed Casino da Póvoa.

## History

The hotel was built in early 1930s, was grouped in the same project as Casino da Póvoa, built during the same time. This hotel and casino project was during this period one of the largest investments in Portugal. In 1931, Rogério de Azevedo had substituted the early architect responsible for the project, José Coelho. Rogério de Azevedo was influenced by his master José Marques da Silva, and by the French and Flemish Renaissance while studying in Paris. Rogério de Azevego was a notable architect who designed the Comércio do Porto building in Porto and, in Póvoa, participated in the restoration works of the Monastery of Rates church, an ancient Romanesque site.
The Casino-Hotel project was overseen by Empresa de Turismo Praia Póvoa de Varzim, who got the gambling license. Both the casino and the hotel were later managed by Sopete, a Povoan tourism company that changed the name from Palace Hotel to Grande Hotel, and the later name kept being popularly used even when Accor hotels re-branded it as Mercure Hotel. It was bought by Grupo Elpo Hotéis in late 2000s, that changed the name back to Grande Hotel da Póvoa.
Grande Hotel da Póvoa was listed by IGESPAR, the Portuguese national monuments institute, along with other buildings in Passeio Alegre as an urban site of public importance in 1977.
# Ramgarh Coalfield

Ramgarh Coalfield are located in Ramgarh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## Overview

In 1917, L.S.S.O’Malley described the coalfields in the upper reaches of the Damodar as follows: “Near the western boundary of Jharia field is that of Bokaro, covering 220 square miles (570 km$^2$), with an estimated content of 1,500 million tons; close by is the Ramgarh field of (40 square miles), but the coal is believed to be of inferior quality. A still larger field in the same district is the Karanpura, which extends over 544 square miles (1,410 km$^2$) and has an estimated capacity of 9,000 million tons.”

## The Coalfield

Ramgarh Coalfield covers an area of 98 square kilometres (38 sq mi) and has total coal reserves of 1,059.20 million tonnes.

### Reserves

Geological reserves in the Ramgarh Coalfield in million tonnes as on 1/4/2010:
| Type of Coal | Proved | Indicated | Inferred (exploration) | Total |
| Medium coking coal | 267.20 | 87.40 | | 354.60 |
| Semi-coking coal | 171.94 | 431.55 | 53.45 | 656.94 |
| Non-coking coal | 7.13 | 26.20 | 4.60 | 37.90 |
| Total | 446.27 | 545.15 | 58.05 | 1049.47 |

## Projects

| CCL Operational Area | Projects |
| Rajrappa Area | Rajrappa OCP and Rajrappa Washery. The area office is at Rajrappa 829101. |
| Kuju Area | Karma opencast.The area office is at Hesagarha, Kuju 825316. |
| Non-CCL mines | Jharkhand State Mineral Development Corporation: Sugia, Rauta, Burakhap |

## Transport

In 1927, Bengal Nagpur Railway opened the 72-mile (116 km) Barkakana-Muri-Chandil line to traffic. In the same year the Central India Coalfields Railway opened the Gomoh-Barkakana line. It was extended to Daltonganj in 1929. Later, these lines were amalgamated with East Indian Railway.
# Ramnarine

Ramnarine is a surname of Indian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dinanath Ramnarine (born 1975), Trinidadian cricketer
* Raymond Ramnarine, Trinidadian singer
* Ria Ramnarine (born 1978), Trinidadian boxer
# Raptoheptagenia

Raptoheptagenia is a genus of mayflies in the family Heptageniidae.
# Raptor (Gardaland)

Raptor is a steel roller coaster at the Gardaland amusement park in Lake Garda, Italy. The ride is a prototype Wing Coaster design by Swiss roller coaster manufacturer Bolliger & Mabillard. Raptor opened to the public on April 1, 2011. The ride begins from an underground station and features two water splash elements. The layout features several roll overs. The trains hang over both sides of the track like X2 at Six Flags Magic Mountain but the seats do not spin.

## Ride experience

After departing from the underground station, the train makes a left turn into the lift hill. After reaching the top of the 108.3-foot (33.0 m) lift, the train drops back to the ground before making a sharp left over-banked turn. The train then enters a corkscrew followed by a slight upward left turn. Next, the train goes back down slightly, also going through a set of trim brakes. The train then makes another sharp left turn leading into a 55.8-foot (17.0 m) zero-gravity-roll. After a sharp left turn, and right turn, the train enters a 32.8-foot (10.0 m) inline twist, going through the supports of the track, a fake tree and a steel rectangle. The train then makes a left turn into the final brake run where the train then enters the station and the next riders board.
The ride lasts about 1 minute and 30 seconds.
# Gregory Prest

Gregory Prest is a Canadian actor, playwright and theatre director. He is most noted for his role as Simon in the comedy television series Pillow Talk, for which he and his castmates received an ensemble nomination for Best Performance in a Variety or Sketch Comedy Program or Series at the 11th Canadian Screen Awards in 2023, and as a Dora Mavor Moore Award winner for Best Direction in a Musical in 2019 for Soulpepper's musical Rose.
In 2012, he collaborated with Ins Choi, Raquel Duffy, Ken MacKenzie and Mike Ross on a theatrical adaptation of Dennis Lee's children's poetry book Alligator Pie, for which they received ensemble Dora nominations for Outstanding New Play and Outstanding Direction in the Theatre for Young Audiences division in 2013. He has also been a two-time Dora nominee as an actor, receiving nods for Best Leading Actor, General Theatre in 2014 for Of Human Bondage at Soulpepper, and Best Actor in a Featured Performance in 2022 for the Mirvish Productions staging of Harry Potter and the Cursed Child.
His credits as a director have included productions of Anita Majumdar's Fish Eyes, Simon Stephens's Punk Rock, Michel Tremblay's Hosanna, and Wendy Wasserstein's The Heidi Chronicles.
He is in a relationship with actor Paolo Santalucia, who was one of his costars in Pillow Talk. The couple first became known for their performances in Soulpepper Theatre's 2018 production of Mark Crawford's Bed and Breakfast, in which Santalucia and Prest played all 22 of the play's characters themselves.
# Grinder (sailing position)

A grinder is a crew member on a yacht whose duties include operating manual winches (called "coffee grinders") that raise and trim the sails and move the boom. It is a physically demanding role with a significant impact on a racing yacht's overall performance.
The AC50 class yachts used in the America's Cup competition have four positions (on each side) for grinders. These must be continuously operated to generate the hydraulic pressure needed by the yacht's controls. Until 2017, the machinery was arm operated winches. However, in 2017 Team New Zealand changed their grinding system to pedal operated positions (cyclors) similar to exercise bikes. This change reportedly gained a 40% increase in power delivered to the hydraulic system. In 2018, a decision was made to ban cyclors in the 36th America's Cup (2021) They were subsequently re-allowed for AC37 (2024).