OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Unity (cable system)

Unity is a Trans-Pacific submarine communications cable between Japan and the United States that was completed in April 2010.
Unity comprises a 10,000 km linear cable system with a "multi-terabit" capacity of up to 7.68 Tbit/s. Construction of the cable was funded by a consortium formed in February 2008 comprising Bharti Airtel, Global Transit, Google, KDDI Corporation, Pacnet and SingTel. Unity's installation cost around US$300 million, and its completion increased Trans-Pacific cable capacity by around 20 per cent.

## History

In February 2008 a consortium comprising Bharti Airtel, Global Transit, Google, KDDI Corporation, Pacnet and SingTel announced that they had executed agreements to build a high-bandwidth subsea fiber optic cable linking the United States and Japan, with an estimated construction cost of US$300 million.
A signing ceremony was held in Tokyo on February 23, 2008 at which the Unity consortium contracted NEC Corporation and Tyco Telecommunications to construct and install the system. NEC and Tyco began work on the project in June 2008. The cable reached Japan in November 2009. Testing of the cable was completed, and it became ready for service, in April 2010.

## Specifications

Unity is a 10,000 kilometer Trans-Pacific cable between Chikura, located off the coast near Tokyo, and Los Angeles and other network points of presence on the West Coast of the United States. At Chikura, Unity is connected to other cable systems.
The new five fiber pair cable system has five fiber pairs, with each fiber pair capable of carrying up to 960 gigabits per second (Gbit/s). By having a high fiber count, Unity is able to offer more capacity at lower unit costs.
Unity is expected to initially increase Trans-Pacific lit cable capacity by about 20 percent, with the potential to add up to 7.68 terabits per second (Tbit/s) of bandwidth across the Pacific.

## Media response

Writing in The New York Times in September 2007, Saul Hansell said of Google's anticipated involvement in Unity that:
"Google may be the ultimate do-it-yourself company. From the start, Google's sense of its own engineering superiority, combined with a tightwad sensibility, led it to build its own servers. It writes its own operating systems. It is now threatening to buy wireless carrier spectrum and it is getting ready to hire ships that will lay a data communications cable across the Pacific..."
# Universal Cooperatives

Universal Cooperatives, based in Eagan, Minnesota, was a cooperative controlled by 17 regional agricultural marketing and agricultural supply cooperatives. The distribution system included 110 regional feed mills, 26 warehouses, and 7 research farms. The company was formed November 1, 1972 by a merger of United Cooperatives, Inc. of Alliance, Ohio and National Cooperatives, Inc. of Albert Lea, Minnesota. The companies had inter-mixed ownership, leading to merger discussion, and eventual merger. On May 11, 2014, Universal Cooperatives, Inc. and its domestic subsidiaries filed for voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

## United Cooperatives, Inc.

United Cooperatives began in 1930 as Farm Bureau Oil Company, and changed its name in 1936. Founding members include:
* Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Association, Indianapolis, Indiana
* Farm Bureau Services, Inc., Lansing, Michigan
* Ohio Farm Bureau Service Company, Columbus, Ohio

## National Cooperatives, Inc.

National Cooperatives was founded in 1933 by
* Farm Bureau Oil Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
* Central Cooperative Wholesale, Superior, Wisconsin
* Farmers Union Central Exchange, Saint Paul, Minnesota
* Midland Cooperative Oil Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota
* Union Oil Company (Missouri), in 1935 renamed Consumers Cooperative Association and in 1966 Farmland Industries North Kansas City, Missouri

## Brands

Universal owns the CO-OP brand, which is used on tires, batteries, farm chemicals, animal health products, twine, and lubricants. It distributes tires through the Mr. Tire chain.
# United Writers' Association

United Writers' Association is a literary organisation based in India which was founded by Dr. K Thiagarajan almost 33 years ago at Chennai in India.The organisation hosts the distinguished Frank Moraes Memorial Lectures
# United for Change

United for Change (UfC) is a British political movement, founded on a centrist platform. The movement gained attention after fundraising through large donations from philanthropists and donors was reported. Although only launched in August 2018, it had reportedly been in the process of development for at least a year. It has subsequently been rebranded as the United Party for its launch as a political party.

## History

In April 2018, British press reported that former Labour donor Simon Franks had set up a company, the Project One Movement, aimed at potentially forming a political party and fielding candidates at an election. It received commitments of roughly £5 million in funding from founders, and was compared to En Marche! in France. In August 2018, United for Change was launched as the political campaign name of the Project One Movement.
In late August 2018, one of the founders of the movement Adam Knight left to set up his own political organisation. He later voiced his support for the Liberal Democrats. The founders of United for Change are Simon Franks, Dr Saima Rana, Alex Chesterman OBE, Richard Reed CBE, Ceawlin Thynn, Ryan Wain, James Woolf.
Simon Franks has said he wants to make United for Change a grassroots movement, with the aim of launching United for Change as a registered political party just after Brexit.
As of June 2019, it has reportedly scaled back its ambition to win the next general election as a new party but still seeks to launch fully as a political movement once Brexit is resolved.
# Universal Publishers (United States)

Universal Publishers is the parent publishing company of three non-fiction book imprints specializing in nonfiction, how-to, technical and academic titles (Universal-Publishers, BrownWalker Press & Dissertation.com). It originally began in 1997 as "Dissertation.com," one of the first companies to use print on-demand and PDF (Portable Document Format) e-book technologies to publish academic theses and Ph.D. dissertations for sale online. The company was founded by Jeffrey R. Young, while he was in graduate school as a way to make academic dissertations widely available to other students and researchers at a reasonable price.
The BrownWalker Press imprint was launched in 2001 to publish academic textbooks, scholarly monographs, and edited collections across a wide range of academic expertise. In 2010, BrownWalker Press added an academic conference proceeding publishing division (ConferencePaper Publisher).
Universal Publishers has over 1500 nonfiction, how-to , and academic titles currently available in print and ebook editions, and releases about 50 new titles each year. In addition to worldwide distribution through Ingram Content Group, it has an independent distribution relationship for some of its titles in India with Overseas Press. The acquisition and administrative operations were relocated to Irvine, California in 2018 but still maintains a corporate presence in Boca Raton, Florida.
# University of Nîmes

The University of Nîmes (Université de Nîmes), also known as Unîmes, is a French university, in the Academy of Montpellier. It was founded on 7 May 2007 as the successor to the Nîmes University Center for Training and Research (Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Nîmes), which already bore the short name Unîmes. As of 2023, it had 5,687 students enrolled.
The University of Nîmes offers undergraduate and graduate programs across four faculties: Faculty of Law, Economics, Management; Faculty of Arts, Letters, Languages; Faculty of Science and Technology; and Faculty of Social Sciences.
The university offers courses in English, Spanish, and German, and it welcomes students from all backgrounds and nationalities.
# Unknown key-share attack

As defined by Blake-Wilson & Menezes (1999), an unknown key-share (UKS) attack on an authenticated key agreement (AK) or authenticated key agreement with key confirmation (AKC) protocol is an attack whereby an entity $A$ ends up believing she shares a key with $B$, and although this is in fact the case, $B$ mistakenly believes the key is instead shared with an entity $E\neq A$.
In other words, in a UKS, an opponent, say Eve, coerces honest parties Alice and Bob into establishing a secret key where at least one of Alice and Bob does not know that the secret key is shared with the other. For example, Eve may coerce Bob into believing he shares the key with Eve, while he actually shares the key with Alice. The “key share” with Alice is thus unknown to Bob.
# Uran (name)

Uran or Urán may refer to the following people:

## Given named

* Uran Botobekov (born 1967), Kyrgyz scholar, journalist, diplomat and publicist
* Uran Kalilov (born 1980), Greco-Roman wrestler from Kyrgyzstan

## Surnamed

* Alojz Uran (born 1945), Slovenian archbishop
* Carlos Urán (born 1980), Colombian cyclist
* Heriberto Urán (born 1954), Colombian cyclist
* Hilmi Uran (1886–1957), Turkish politician and government minister
* Juan Urán (born 1983), Colombian diver
* Presentación Urán González (born 1956), Spanish politician
* Rigoberto Urán (born 1987), Colombian road racing cyclist

## Fictional characters

* Uran (character), aka AstroGirl, the Astro Boy character
# Unmuzzled OX

Unmuzzled OX was a quarterly of poetry, art and politics founded in 1971 by poet Michael Andre, edited in New York City and Kingston, Ontario. Aided by artist Erika Rothenberg, the best-known issue was The Poets' Encyclopedia, the world's basic knowledge transformed by 225 poets, artists, musicians and novelists. The circulation of Unmuzzled OX peaked at 25,000 in the 80s with The Cantos (121-150) Ezra Pound. Regular contributors to Unmuzzled OX included Allen Ginsberg, Andy Warhol, John Cage, Daniel Berrigan, Eugene McCarthy, Margaret Atwood, Denise Levertov, Robert Peters, Robert Creeley and Gregory Corso. OX frequently features photographs of contributors by Gerard Malanga. Unmuzzled OX was located near the World Trade Center, and a translation by W. H. Auden of an opera by Carlo Goldoni appeared shortly before September 11, 2001. The publication ran until 2001, and most publications are still available.
# Urízar

Urízar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amílcar Méndez Urízar, Guatemalan human rights activist
* Carlos Urizar (born 1957), Bolivian footballer
* Christian Urízar (born 1968), Chilean politician
* Pello Urizar (born 1968), Basque politician
* Tess Uriza Holthe (born 1966), Filipino-American writer
# Upala Airport

Upala Airport (IATA: UPL, ICAO: MRUP) is an airport serving the town of Upala in Alajuela Province, Costa Rica. Upala is 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of the Nicaragua border.
The runway is just south of the town, across the small Zapote River. There are 300 metres (980 ft) of unpaved overrun on the southwest end of the runway.
The Los Chiles non-directional beacon (Ident: CHI) is located 20.1 nautical miles (37 km) east-northeast of the airport. The Liberia VOR-DME (Ident: LIB) is located 36.1 nautical miles (67 km) west-southwest of the airport.
# Upalavi

Upalavi (Village ID 568674) is a village in the Tehsil tasgaon of Sangli district, Maharashtra, India, about 18 kilometres north of Sangli. It is situated along the Sangli-Tasgaon state highway.
According to the 2011 census it has a population of 1669 living in 1720 households.

## Geography and Environment

Upalavi is situated on the bank of water stream. It the main-old village is dense populated area which is situated alongside stream. While the newer expanding area of village is towards north side along matkunki road, area which has more height than old base village. Rainfall is average in the village and there is no critical water scarcity in the village. There is the 250+-year-old Sidheshwara Temple and Hanuman Temple.

## Location

It belongs to Desh or Paschim Maharashtra region. It belongs to Pune Division. It is located 20 km towards North from District headquarters Sangli. It is 12 km from Tasgaon. 348 km from State capital Mumbai Upalavi Pin code is 416306 and postal head office is Kavalapur Soni (3 km), Kumthe (4 km), Nagaon Kavate (4 km), Matkunki (4 km), Bhose (6 km) are nearby villages. Upalavi is surrounded by Miraj Taluka towards the south, Sangli Taluka towards the south, Kavathemahankal Taluka towards the east, and Palus Taluka towards the west. Tasgaon, Miraj, Sangli, and Vita are nearby cities.

## Farming

The majority of the farmers are involved in the production of grapes and raisins, which are exported to Europe and Arab countries. The average per capita income is more than state average income.

## Education

Literacy rate is around 90%. The village has primary schools, a high school, and vocational education facilities.
* New English School Upalavi & Junior College
* Zilha Parishad Shala Upalavi
# Utah State Route 114

State Route 114 (SR-114) is a state highway in the US state of Utah that spans 10.79 miles (17.36 km) in Utah County. The route forms a loop around US-89 and roughly parallels the coast of Utah Lake as it passes through the west side of Provo, Lindon and Orem, eventually terminating in Pleasant Grove. The highway consists of a portion of Center Street and all of Geneva Road. The highway was formed in 1931, the southern terminus initially extending into the east side of Provo. In 1965, the route was truncated to its present state.

## Route description

The route begins at the intersection of 500 West (US-89) and Center Street in Provo, with SR-114 heading west on the latter, a four-lane highway. The route reaches an interchange at I-15, where it narrows down to one lane in each direction. The highway continues west on Center Street before reaching Geneva Road—a two-lane highway—where the route turns north onto. Geneva Road turns northwest before intersecting with 820 North. Now the first road east of Utah Lake, the road curves in a more north-northwesterly direction while entering Orem. The road also begins to parallel I-15 at this point, also intersecting University Parkway (SR-265) where it becomes a five lane highway. Past 800 South, SR-114 turns north and intersects Orem's Center Street. Turning north-northwest again, the highway crosses 800 North (SR-52) and passes under I-15 before turning north one final time, and entering Pleasant Grove. The road terminates at State Street (US-89).
The entire route has been listed as part of the National Highway System.

## History

State Route 114 was established in 1931, forming the current loop around US-89—which at that time was cosigned with US-91—and serving the east shore of Utah Lake in the Provo area. In 1963, the route was extended east to end at the State Mental Hospital. This change was reverted in 1965, but the portion of Center Street between Seven Peaks Boulevard and the state mental hospital was restored in 1969 as SR-294.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Utah County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Provo | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 89 (500 West) | Southern terminus |
| Provo | 1.061 | 1.708 | I-15 – Las Vegas, Salt Lake City | Exit 265 on I-15 |
| Orem | 4.962 | 7.986 | SR-265 east (University Parkway) | |
| Orem | 7.591 | 12.217 | SR-52 east (800 North) / SR-176 west (Vineyard Connector Road) – Heber City, Vineyard | |
| Orem | 8.594 | 13.831 | SR-241 east (1600 North) | |
| Lindon | 10.290 | 16.560 | SR-129 (North County Boulevard) | |
| Pleasant Grove | 10.787 | 17.360 | US 89 (State Street) | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Uthura Union

Uthura Union is a union parishad under Bhaluka Upazila of Mymensingh District in the division of Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Uthura Union is bounded by Bhabanipur, Mokshapur, Enayetpur, Dakatia, and Meduary Union.

## Demographics

According to the National Bureau of Statistics of Bangladesh census report, the number of population was 28,178 in 2011.
# Oskar Brehm

Oskar Brehm (12 December 1823 – 8 May 1850) was a German entomologist and naturalist. He was a half-brother of Alfred Brehm. The two were travelling and collecting in Africa when Oskar drowned in the Nile.

## Life

Oskar Brehm was born in Renthendorf in 1823 to Christian Ludwig Brehm and his first wife Amalia Wächter who died in 1826. Alfred Brehm was born to Ludwig Brehm and his second wife Bertha Reiz who also raised Oskar. Oskar became keenly interested in insects along with his father and went on hunting and bird study trips from an early age. He went to the village school and at 15 he apprenticed in the pharmacy in Münchenbernsdorf (Thuringia). He collected nearly 1,500 European beetles along with Rector Lübben from Aschersleben. In 1846, he went to study architecture in Dresden and also studied pharmacy at Jena and went to Heinrich Wackenroder's (1798–1854) private pharmaceutical-chemical institute.

## Works

He interrupted his studies to join a trip with Baron von Müller to Africa along with his brother. The travel began in September 1847 and the first part ended in December 1848 and Alfred stayed in Egypt. A second part was from February 1850 to October 1851. Oskar joined the second part and was a specialist on the plants and insects. He initially went to Trieste where he met Reinhard Vierthaler (1820–1852) and they travelled together to Alexandria. Oskar has been identified as being particularly interested in insects but a number of later records have been confounded and ascribed to Alfred. When Oskar sent a shipment of pills to his brother, Oskar asked for a beetle in return for each pill. When Oskar joined on the second part of the trip he collected extensively and many of the new species were described by Johann Heinrich Gottfried Apetz. He joined up with Alfred on November 24, 1849, via Smyrna. A nine-member party set off to Sudan in December 1849. When they reached Dongola on May 8, 1850, Alfred and his brother went for a swim in the Nile and Oskar suddenly disappeared. His body was not found until half an hour later and attempts to resuscitate him failed. He was buried in a simple brick monument in the Coptic cemetery at Dongola.
# San Ignacio Municipality

San Ignacio Municipality may refer to:
* San Ignacio Municipality, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
* San Ignacio Municipality, Beni, Bolivia
* San Ignacio, Chalatenango, El Salvador
* San Ignacio, Francisco Morazán, Honduras
* San Ignacio Cerro Gordo, Jalisco, Mexico
* San Ignacio Municipality, Sinaloa, Mexico
# To Aganara Tulasi Mun

To Aganara Tulasi Mu (transl. I am the basil of your yard) is an Indian Odia language Soap opera which aired on Zee Sarthak. It premiered from 08 October 2012 and ended on 16 March 2019. It is the first longest ran Odia soap opera with 1,863 episodes.

## Plot

The story follows the journey of a young girl named Tulasi, who is in love with Chandan. However, Lisa is also smitten by him and wants to marry him. Tulasi decides to stand by Chandan and his family amid oppositions from Lisa and others. How she faces these is the story.

## Cast

* Swetlana Bhattacharya/Lipsa Mishra/Jessy a.k.a. Pralipta Priyadarshini Samalas Tulasi (aka Iccha)
* Tushar as Chandan
* Chhandita as Lisa
* Bhagaban Behera as Dr. Meher
* Rajesh Mishra
* Aswini Kumar Brahma
* Namrata Das
* Anil Kumar Nayak
* Gyanendra Kumar Pallai
* Mamta Padhi as Nirmala
* Biren Mishra

## Casting

Initially, Svetlana played the role of tulsi. After her exit, Jessy replaced her. In 2016, Jessy was arrested on charges of abetment to suicide of telly actor Ranjit Patnaik aka Raja and Lipsa Misra replaced her. But Jessy got bail within 15 days and reentered the serial. Bhagwan Behera who played the main character Dr. Meher has left the serial protesting her entry.

## Reception

The series was one of the most watched Odia language television program at its run time. In week 18 and 19 of 2014, it garnered a trp of 3.3 and 3.63 being the second most and most watched Odia language television program in the two weeks.
# Tylodelphys

Tylodelphys is a genus of parasitic fluke that infects the small water fish. It induces many behavioral changes on its host. Once inside a fish's eye, it can cause partial blindness and several behavioral changes to the intermediate host. Other species of flukes are able to turn into dormant cysts at certain stages of development, but Tylodelphys spp. stays active and roams free inside the fish's eye, giving it an opportunity for it to induce parasite behavior. When Tylodelphys larvae crawl around the inside of the fish's eye, it can get in between the retina and the lens. This can cause partial blindness to the fish, rendering the fish unable to notice predators. Tylodelphys consists of two species, Tylodelphys clavata (von Nordmann, 1832) and Tylodelphys podicipina Kozicka & Niewiadomska, 1960.

## Life cycle

Tylodelphys spp. has a complex three-host life cycle, with a variety of fish- and amphibian-eating birds and lymnaeid or planorbid gastropods as first intermediate hosts. Tylodelphys must enter the gut of fish-eating bird, which would naturally involve the fish being eaten by the said bird such as ciconiiforms, suliforms, falconiforms and podicipediforms acting as definitive hosts. Tylodelphys species can also infect the brain or the body cavity of their second intermediate hosts, which are typically fish but sometimes amphibians. The common intermediate host, the bully, Tylodelphys dwells in its host's eyes in the vitreous liquid between the lens and the retina.

## Behavior

Like many trematode parasites, Tylodelphys plays a huge role in manipulation of behavior. A study was done where the particular behavior of the parasite itself can affect the behavior of the host. Tylodelphys spp. has daily routines, where it shifts it position in the eye, varying through the day. It is during the day where these flukes sit between the lens and the retina, which block the eyesight of the fish. During the night, the flukes settle down to the bottom of the eye, which allows the fish to have a sense of sight. A question that is then posed is why doesn't the parasite just stay in front of the retina all the time. In recent studies, it is shown that not all predators are the same for Tylodelphys. In the day time, the predators of the bullies are fish eating birds, but at night the main predators are longfin eels. It's better for the fluke if the fish can still see and avoid predators at night, so hence the fluke keeps the eyes covered in the day but moves it away at night. Tylodelphys spp. metacercariae may limit the bully's ability to perceive visual cues of predatory threat by obscuring vision during the day, in a similar manner to Diplostomum induced cataracts, favoring completion of the trematode's life cycle. It is also important to note that metacercariae are often considered passive; however, in this life cycle it demonstrated that metacercariae exhibit a complex behavioral phenotype playing a key role in furthering their life history.
# Liveware

Liveware was used in the computer industry as early as 1966 to refer to computer users, often in humorous contexts, by analogy with hardware and software.
It is a slang term used to denote people using (attached to) computers, and is based on the need for a human, or liveware, to operate the system using hardware and software. Other words meaning the same or similar to liveware include wetware, meatware and jellyware. Meatware and jellyware are most often used by internal customer support personnel as slang terms when referencing human operating errors. The term liveware is found in the Culture novels by Iain M. Banks. A Culture Ship is named "Liveware Problem".