OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Macarius (imperial legate)

Marcarius was an imperial notary sent in 340 to enforce an imperial edict against the Donatist community, in Bagai, Numidia, Roman North Africa.

## Macarius' mission

His original mission had been to distribute donations from the emperor Constans, in North Africa churches in an attempt to end the split between Donatists and Catholics. The local Donatists, however, resisted the legates and aided by Circumcellion groups from the surrounding district, a revolt took place. Rumor spread he had placed imperial images on the Eucharist table and the cry of the rebels was "What has the emperor to do with the church"
Optatus records that the Donatists struck first and the retaliation by the soldiers resulted in a slaughter, of the local church groups. A meeting with the Donatists was called, but the legates had the bishops chained and flogged, and some days later the bishops were killed, Donatus of Bagai thrown down a well and Marculus off a cliff. There is some suggestion that this was carried out by the soldier without Macarius orders but either way, Marcarius set camp at a nearby imperial estate and suppressed the revolt over the following months. In this "Macarius did not discriminate between moderate Donatist and extreme Circumcellionist."
Following the events at Bagai the rift between Catholic and Donatist became intractable. and never forgotten. The Donatists never trusted the Catholic factions again and the dispute became ever more violent over the coming decades.
Donatus of Bagai was held by the Donatists to be a Martyr and a shrine to him and others killed at this time has been recently excavated in Bagai.

## Legacy

The phraseMacarian Times became a sound bite to express the idea of Catholic-imperial persecution by Donatists preachers."Far from securing unity, the Marcarian mission had left a bitterly divided memory half a century later.
Augustine latter accepted the Macarius had acted excessively, while Optatus chilled those who fled from the approach of Macarius.
# Sneha Yamuna

Sneha Yamuna is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film, directed by A. T. Raghu. The film stars Jayan, KPAC Lalitha, Lakshmi and Mohan Sharma in the lead roles. The film has musical score by K. J. Joy.

## Cast

* Jayan
* KPAC Lalitha
* Lakshmi
* Mohan Sharma
* Pattom Sadan
* Sankaradi
* M. G. Soman
* Sreenivasan

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by K. J. Joy and the lyrics were written by Mankombu Gopalakrishnan and Yusufali Kechery.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Aayiram Chandrodayangal" | P. Susheela | Mankombu Gopalakrishnan |
| 2 | "Naalathe Nethaakkal" | K. J. Yesudas, Chorus | Yusufali Kechery |
| 3 | "Neela Yamune" | K. C. Varghese Kunnamkulam | Yusufali Kechery |
| 4 | "Parippuvada Pakkavada" | K. J. Yesudas, Pattom Sadan, Saibaba | Yusufali Kechery |
# Tim Golden (journalist)

Tim Golden (born 1961 in Los Angeles) is an American journalist. He was the managing editor for news and investigations at The Marshall Project, and before that, a senior writer at The New York Times, where he spent two decades as an investigative reporter, foreign correspondent and national correspondent, while also contributing cover stories to The New York Times Magazine. He has twice shared the Pulitzer Prize for journalism.
Golden graduated from Dartmouth College and was a Nieman fellow at Harvard University.
Golden appeared in Alex Gibney's film, Taxi to the Dark Side. Golden obtained confidential files of the army investigation of Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse.

## New America

Golden was a Bernard L. Schwartz Fellow with the New America Foundation from 2008 to 2010.
# You, Me & the Violence

You, Me & the Violence is the debut studio album by French hardcore punk band Birds in Row. It was released on September 4, 2012 through Deathwish Inc. A music video for the lead track "Pilori" was released in June 2012. Musically, the album features a screamo-influenced melodic hardcore sound.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AbsolutePunk | 89% |
| Exclaim! | (positive) |
AbsolutePunk critic Dre Okorley wrote: "The reigning allure of the twelve tracks is that they are peppered with a sort of Tragedy/From Ashes Rise hybrid, the throat-pulling melodic hardcore that Portland trademarked so well, but are still captured in the Birds In Row mystique." Okorley also concluded that the album "is in a league of its own, with hardly anything in its associated genres to be bullied by and rivaled." Exclaim!'s Bradley Zorgdrager stated: "The record ends on a high note, as "Lovers Have Their Say" swells, but never fully climaxes, giving listeners a chance to reflect on the masterpiece they just took in as the feedback takes over."

## Track listing

All songs composed by Birds in Row.
* "Pilori" – 2:27
* "There Is Only One Chair in This Room" – 2:16
* "Cages" – 1:02
* "Guillotine" – 1:43
* "Walter Freeman" – 3:23
* "Last Last Chance" – 2:34
* "You, Me & the Violence" – 2:59
* "Grey Hair" – 1:23
* "Cold War Everyday" – 1:08
* "The Illusionist" – 1:50
* "Police & Thieves" – 2:03
* "Lovers Have Their Say" – 12:52

## Personnel

You, Me & the Violence personnel adapted from CD liner notes.
* A. Sauve – recording, production
* S. Biguet – recording, production, mixing
* A. Douches – mastering
# You, Babe

"You, Babe" is a song recorded by American country music artist Lefty Frizzell. It was released in August 1972 as a single only. The song reached #59 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song was written by Sanger D. Shafer.

## Cover versions

The song recorded in 1988 by American country music Merle Haggard backed by The Strangers under the title "You Babe". Haggard's was released in November of that year as the fourth single from the album Chill Factor. The song reached #23 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Chart performance
### Lefty Frizzell

| Chart (1972) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 59 |

### Merle Haggard

| Chart (1988-1989) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 23 |
# You, Baby

You, Baby is an album by jazz cornetist Nat Adderley released on the CTI label featuring performances by Adderley with Jerome Richardson, Joe Zawinul, Ron Carter, and Grady Tate and an orchestra arranged and conducted by Bill Fischer.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Richard S. Ginell awarded the album 4½ stars calling it "A lovely, intensely musical album, well worth seeking out".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

    All compositions by Nat Adderley except as indicated
* "You Baby" (Ivy Hunter, Jack Goga, Jeffrey Bowen) - 2:46
* "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" (Jim Webb) - 3:20
* "Electric Eel" - 4:58
* "Early Chanson" [aka "Joe's Blues #1"] (Joe Zawinul) - 2:25
* "Denise" (Wilson J. Turbinton, Earl J. Turbinton) - 3:59
* "Early Minor" [aka "Joe's Untitled #2"] (Zawinul) - 3:45
* "My Son" (Caiphus Semenya) - 4:28
* "New Orleans" - 4:20
* "Hang On In" (Eric Knight) - 3:31
* "Halftime" (Nat Adderley, Julian "Cannonball" Adderley) - 2:39
   * Recorded at Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey on March 26, 1968 (tracks 4 & 7), March 27, 1968 (tracks 3, 6 & 9), March 28, 1968 (tracks 2, 5, 8 & 10) and April 4, 1968 (track 1)

## Personnel

Musicians
* Nat Adderley – cornet
* Jerome Richardson - soprano saxophone, flute
* Harvey Estrin, Romeo Penque, Joe Soldo - flute
* George Marge - flute, oboe
* Joe Zawinul - electric piano
* Ron Carter - bass
* Grady Tate - drums
* Al Brown, Selwart Clarke, Bernard Zaslav - viola
* Charles McCracken, George Ricci, Alan Shulman - cello
* Bill Fischer - arranger, conductor
Production
* Creed Taylor – producer
* Rudy Van Gelder – engineer
* Sam Antupit – design
* Pete Turner - photography
# Telescopus pulcher

Telescopus pulcher, the beautiful cat snake, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.
The snake is found in Somalia and Ethiopia.
# Telescopus beetzi

Telescopus beetzi, commonly known as Beetz's tiger snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is native to southern Africa.

## Etymology

The specific name, beetzi, is in honor of German geologist Paul Friedrich Werner Beetz (1887–1954), who collected the holotype.

## Common names

Common names for T. beetzi include Beetz's tiger snake, Karoo tiger snake, and Namib tiger snake.

## Geographic range

T. beetzi is found in southern Namibia and northwestern South Africa.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of T. beetzi are shrubland, desert, and rocky areas, at altitudes of 50–1,500 m (160–4,920 ft).

## Description

T. beetzi is a slender, medium-sized snake. Females are larger than males. The maximum recorded snout-to-vent length (SVL) is 59 cm (23 in) for a female, but the maximum recorded SVL is only 43.5 cm (17.1 in) for a male. The dorsal scales are arranged in 21 rows at midbody, and the anal plate is undivided.

## Behavior

T. beetzi is nocturnal and partially arboreal.

## Diet

T. beetzi preys upon lizards.

## Reproduction

T. beetzi is oviparous. Clutch size is 3–5 eggs. The eggs are elongate, with an average size of 12 mm × 44 mm (0.47 in × 1.73 in). The average total length (including tail) of a hatchling is 18 cm (7.1 in).
# You Do Something to Me (Dum Dums song)

"You Do Something To Me" is a song by Dum Dums, released as their 3rd single in 2000. It was also included on their album It Goes Without Saying.

## Track listing
### CD1

(Released September 11, 2000)
* "You Do Something to Me" - 3:47
* "It Goes Without Saying" - 2:50
* "Robot Boy" - 2:41

### CD2

(Released September 11, 2000)
* "You Do Something to Me" - 3:50
* "I Can't Stand It" - 3:43
* "Running Away" - 3:35
* "You Do Something to Me (Video)"

## Chart performance

"You Do Something to Me" entered the UK Singles Chart the week of 11-09-2000 at #27.
| Chart (2000) | Peak Position |
| UK Singles Chart | 27 |
# Young India

Young India was a book written by Lala Lajpat Rai in 1916 and later published by Mahatma Gandhi from 1919 to 1931. It was also the basis for Lala Lajpat Rai's contribution to the final edition of The Seven Arts in Oct 2017. Through this work, Mahatma Gandhi sought to popularize India's demand for independence or Swaraj.
Gandhi used Young India to spread his unique ideology and thoughts regarding the use of nonviolence in organising movements and to urge readers to consider, organise, and plan for India's eventual independence from the British Empire.
In 1933 Gandhi started publishing a weekly newspaper, Harijan, in English. Harijan, which means "People of God", was also Gandhi's term for the untouchable caste. The newspaper lasted until 1948. During this time Gandhi also published Harijan Bandu in Gujarati, and Harijan Sevak in Hindi. All three papers focused on social and economic problems, both in India and elsewhere in the world.
# Temperance River State Park

Temperance River State Park is a state park of Minnesota, USA, located between the communities of Schroeder and Tofte on Highway 61 on the North Shore of Lake Superior. It has campsites, picnic areas, and hiking trails on both sides of the Temperance River.

## History

The Temperance River area was first permanently inhabited by Europeans in the 1830s. Settlers had to decide what to name various geographical features. When the geographical surveyors came through the area in 1864, they noticed that one particular river ran into water which was so deep that no sand bar formed at the mouth. Because there was no "bar" that river was named "Temperance."
In the 1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corps built several overlooks at certain places along the riverside. In 1957, the state organized 539 acres (2.18 km$^2$) of land into Temperance River State Park.

## Wildlife

Visitors often view mammals such as white-tailed deer, snowshoe hare, red squirrel, beaver, red fox, river otter, moose, fisher, coyote, marten, northern flying squirrel, black bear and timber wolf.
Birds that roam within this park would be spruce grouse, kinglets, warblers, hawks and eagles. They seasonally migrate along shores. Northern spotted owls, woodpeckers, finches, ravens and unusual water birds as well as snowy, great gray and boreal owls are spotted by visitors during winter months.

## Attractions

Temperance River has two campgrounds, one on each side of the river. Both campgrounds are closer to Lake Superior than most state park campgrounds near the lake. Besides the "bar-less" mouth of the river, Temperance River has three waterfalls which can be reached by footpath. The park is also one of four Minnesota state parks to allow rock climbing, along with nearby Tettegouche State Park.
The Superior Hiking Trail passes through the park, following the river gorge before climbing to the top of Carlton Peak, nearly 1,000 feet (300 m) above Lake Superior.
# Young Figuratives

Young Figuratives was the title of two exhibitions of new contemporary art by young German painters. This first exhibition was shown under this heading in 2001 in the Carolinen Palais in Munich (Germany). The same exhibition was presented at the Museum Mönchehaus Goslar (Germany) in 2002. Both exhibitions were curated by Martin Leyer-Pritzkow.

## New figurative painting

The artists featured in these exhibitions blurred the historical distinction between abstract and figurative painting. Human figures, landscapes, plants, figures, interior/exterior spaces were combined in non-representational landscapes. All forms of expression, visual languages or art historical quotations were incorporated into their work. Christoph Zuschlag, a German art historian expressed in his text about the Young Figuratives: "...the ideological trench struggles to figuration and abstraction, which divided the art scene in the post-war period into two hostile camps, is now regarded as well as outdated as the picturesque tendencies of the 60s and 70s. This means that the painter today - no longer under constant pressure to justify - especially after the reunification with former East Germany, where painting had its leadership never lost and that a figurative painter is no longer automatically opposing abstraction. This in turn liberates the young figuratives: freedom of synthesis .... They have the freedom to own, for example, the characteristic of the Informal resolution of the classical principle of form and make it useful for their own paintings, even and especially when they themselves work figurative."[2]

## Participating Artists

* Armin Baumgarten
* Woytek Berowski
* Hans-Jörg Holubitschka
* Peter Lindenberg
* Oliver Lochau
* Bernard Lokai
* Stefan Schwarzmüller
* Benjamin Nachtwey
* Katrin Roeber

## Edition Young Figuratives by Mönchehaus Museum

At the opening of the exhibition in 2002 an offset print edition of nine works by all participating artists entitled "Young Figurative - Mönchehaus Museum of Modern Art 2002" were made available with an edition of 90 copies.[3]
# Young Māori Party

The Young Māori Party was a New Zealand organisation dedicated to improving the position of Māori. It grew out of the Te Aute Students Association, established by former students of Te Aute College in 1897. It was established as the Young Māori Party in 1909.
While the Young Māori Party had political intentions, it did not function as a political party as they are generally understood. The Young Māori Party's members either acted as independents or joined an existing party, such as the New Zealand Liberal Party. In most respects, the Young Māori Party is best understood as a club or association, not a united electoral bloc. Anthropologist and author Toon Van Meijl said of the group "the Young Maori Party's programme generated a basic division within Maori society between a relatively small educated elite and a predominantly illiterate mass of poor people".

## Membership

The membership of the Young Māori Party consisted primarily of younger Māori who had received a European-style education. Many were from the East Coast or the Bay of Plenty. Prominent members included James Carroll, Paraire Tomoana, Āpirana Ngata, Te Rangi Hīroa (who was a founding member), and Maui Pomare. The most important concern of the group was the improvement of Māori health and welfare.
Most members of the Party believed that in order to prosper, Māori needed to adopt European ways of life, particularly Western medicine and education. At times, especially earlier in their careers, they offended older and more traditional Māori by attempting to abolish traditional practices. Later they developed more sensitivity and tended to present Western ways as similar to pre-European traditions. Ngata in particular also realised that Māori culture was in danger of being corrupted or swamped by European culture, and encouraged the revival of many Māori arts and crafts, such as kapa haka and carving. He also recorded many waiata and other forms of Māori literature, ensuring its preservation.

## Loss of members

As it was a group of like-minded politicians rather than a true party, the Young Māori Party did not survive the retirement, defeat and deaths of its members. Hiroa left parliament in 1914, and by 1930 Carroll and Pomare had both died. Ngata remained in parliament until 1943, when he was defeated by Labour-Ratana candidate Tiaki Omana.

## New Māori

The Party was widely admired by Pākehā, who saw their programmes as advancing the Māori race, and by contemporary Māori, who benefitted from their initiatives and admired their ability to work within Pākehā systems. From the 1970s, however, a new generation of activist Māori began to see the Young Māori Party as 'sell outs' who had swallowed the myth of European cultural superiority. They believed that the Party was mistaken in believing that if Māori adopted European ways, they would be treated as equals. Recently this perception has been revised by historians such as Ranginui Walker and James Belich, who emphasise the achievements of the Party, especially Ngata, and stress that their strategy of co-operation was effective in the context of its time.
# Testo

Testo can refer to:
* Trade name for the drug Tiabendazole
* David Testo (b. 1981), American soccer player
* Testo (rapper) (b. 1988), German rapper
* In early oratorio, narrator
* Testo SE, German company that manufactures measuring equipment
* Colloquial abbreviation for testosterone
# Younion

Younion is a trade union representing municipal workers, and workers in the media and arts, in Austria.
The union was founded in 2009, when the Union of Municipal Employees merged with the Union of Artists, Media Workers and Freelance Workers. It was originally named the Union of Municipal Employees, Art, Media, Sport and Freelance Workers, but shortened its name in 2015.
By 2014, the union had 150,394 members, making it the fourth largest affiliate of the Austrian Trade Union Federation. Since its formation, the union has been led by Christian Meidlinger.

## Presidents

    2009: Christian Meidlinger
# Yuan Qigui

Yuan Qigui (Chinese: 袁齊媯; 405 – 8 September 440), formally Empress Yuan (元皇后, literally "the discerning empress") was an empress of the Chinese Liu Song dynasty. Her husband was Emperor Wen (Liu Yilong).

## Life

Yuan Qigui was a daughter of the official Yuan Dan (袁湛) and his concubine, Lady Wang, but her mother was of such low status that Yuan Dan did not let others know of Yuan Qigui's existence until she was four or five. She married Liu Yilong when he was still the Prince of Yidu. The couple had two children, his oldest son Liu Shao and a daughter, Liu Ying'e (劉英娥), later the Princess Dongyang. After key imperial officials concluded that his brother Emperor Shao was unfit to be emperor, they deposed and killed Emperor Shao in 424 and offered the throne to Liu Yilong. Liu Yilong accepted and took the throne as Emperor Wen. Later that year, on 26 October, he created her empress.
It was around this time, either right before or right after Emperor Wen became emperor, that Empress Yuan gave birth to his son Liu Shao. According to traditional histories, when she observed her son's face, she remarked that this child would bring disaster on the house and was ready to kill her child. Emperor Wen, hearing this, rushed to her bedchambers and forced her to spare the child. Some later historians, including Bo Yang, doubted this account. However, because he was still within the three-year mourning period for his father Emperor Wu and supposed to abstain from sexual relations, he hid Liu Shao's birth from the public and only announced it in 426.
Emperor Wen initially favored Empress Yuan greatly. Because the Yuan clan was a poor one, she often requested him to give her money so that she could give them to her clan. Emperor Wen, who was known to be thrifty, refused to give her much. Later on, he began to favor Consort Pan more than her. In order to test Emperor Wen's affection for her, Empress Yuan asked Consort Pan to request an amount of money six to 10 times greater than what Emperor Wen had been giving her. Emperor Wen approved Consort Pan's request; from this point on, Empress Yuan was filled with anger. Whenever Emperor Wen wished to see her, she would try to hide from him, and she also refused to see her stepchildren. She grew ill in her anger, and in 440 she grew very ill. Emperor Wen went to her chambers to see her and, crying, held her hands to ask what request she had. She looked at him for a long time and then, without saying anything, covered her face with a blanket and refused to look at him again. She soon died. Emperor Wen mourned her greatly and had the talented writer Yan Yanzhi (顏延之) write a beautiful ode dedicated to her.

## Title

* During the reign of Emperor An of Jin (7 November 397 – 28 January 419)
** Lady Yuan (袁氏; from 405)
* During the reign of Emperor Wu of Song (10 July 420 – 26 June 422)
** Princess Consort of Yidu (宜都王妃)
* During the reign of Emperor Wen of Song (17 September 424 – 16 March 453)
** Empress (皇后; from 17 September 424)
** Empress Wenyuan (文元皇后; from 440)

## Issue

As Princess Consort:
* Liu Shao, Emperor (皇帝 劉劭; 424–453), Emperor Wen's first son
* Princess Dongyangxian (東陽獻公主)
# Tenco

Tenco may refer to:
* Tenço, alternative way of writing Tenso, a style of troubadour song
* Luigi Tenco (1938–1967), Italian singer songwriter
# Cleome maculata

Cleome maculata is a species of cleome that is native to southern Africa, where it occurs in sandy soils, especially in rocky habitats, and on slopes. It is a mostly annual plant, which is found in highveld regions of medium rainfall in South Africa, Botswana and Namibia. It is an erect and simple or branching plant, usually less than a foot tall, with sparse leaves. The linear leaflets are three to five compound. Two of the up-curved, mauve flower petals have a yellow mark at their center, which is bordered with dark purple. The long, up-curved stamens are tipped with bluish, knobby anthers. The fruit is a linear capsule. The species is a pioneer plant that may become a weed.