OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sam Carr

Sam Carr (July 7, 1906 – 1989) was an organizer for the Communist Party of Canada and its successor, the Labor-Progressive Party, in the 1930s and 1940s. He was born Schmil Kogan in Tomashpil, Ukraine, in 1906 and immigrated to Canada in 1924, living in Winnipeg and Regina before settling in Montreal in 1925. Carr became an organizer for the Young Communist League with Fred Rose.

## Biography

In 1931, Carr was arrested with other Communist Party leaders and detained in Kingston Penitentiary for 30 months for being an officer in the party, which had been declared illegal that year. Following his release from prison he was an organizer of the 1935 On to Ottawa Trek.
He was the editor of the Communist Party's newspaper, The Clarion, before fleeing to the United States with other party leaders in 1940 when the party was again declared illegal. In 1942, following the German invasion of the USSR, those party leaders who had gone underground, including Carr and Tim Buck, turned themselves in to the authorities. They released after ten days on the promise that they would refrain from communist activities. As a result, the Labor-Progressive Party was formed in 1943 as a legal front for the party; Carr became its national organizer.
In 1946, after a cypher clerk in the Soviet embassy in Ottawa, Igor Gouzenko, defected to Canada, a warrant was issued for Carr's arrest and he again fled to the United States. A Royal Commission on Espionage was called to investigate his activities. In 1949 he was found guilty of conspiracy to obtain a false passport, and was imprisoned for seven years. Carr was one of the principal recruiters of spies for the USSR in Canada.
By the time of his release from prison, Carr was no longer a member of the Labor-Progressive Party, but became active in the left wing organization United Jewish Peoples' Order (UJPO) until his death in 1989. He wrote for the UJPO magazine under the pen name George Lewis.
His nephew was broadcaster Percy Saltzman.
# Samea alophalis

Samea alophalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found in Suriname.
# Samea baccatalis

Samea baccatalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Texas.
The wingspan is 22–24 mm. The forewings are dull golden yellow, somewhat washed with fuscous. There are three sets of dull white spots on each wing, all edged with blackish. The hindwings are yellowish, becoming translucent whitish basally. There are distinct crosslines in the central area. Adults have been recorded on wing from March to December.
# Samba Carioca

Samba Carioca is a 2010 album by guitarist and vocalist Vinicius Cantuária.

## Music and recording

The album was produced by Arto Lindsay. "While some of the melodies are quintessential bossa fare, the lyrics often have something of the enigmatic beauty of haiku: 'Berlin', for instance, takes a backward glance at the Siegessäule column in the Tiergarten".

## Reception

The Independent's reviewer described it as "laid-back, drifting samba-jazz". The Sunday Times commented that it "cements his reputation as one of Brazil's finest exports".

## Track listing

* "Praia Grande" – 5:57
* "Berlin" – 5:19
* "Vagamente" – 2:52
* "Inútil Paisagem" – 4:14
* "Julinha De Botas" – 1:46
* "Fugiu" – 3:35
* "Orla" – 6:39
* "Conversa Fiada" – 4:33
* "So Focou Saudade" – 6:06

## Personnel

* Vinicius Cantuária – guitar, vocals, keyboards, drums, percussion
* Dadi, Bill Frisell – guitar
* Jessé Sadoc – flugelhorn
* João Donato – piano
* Marcos Valle – piano
* Brad Mehldau – piano
* Luiz Alves – bass
* Liminha – double bass
* Paulo Braga – acoustic drums
* Sidinho – percussion
# Samir Kumar Poddar

Samir Kumar Poddar is an Indian Politician from the state of West Bengal. He is a two term member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.

## Constituency

He represented the Ranaghat Uttar Purba (Vidhan Sabha constituency) from 2011 to 2021.

## Political Party

He is from the All India Trinamool Congress.
# Sam Kasten

Sam Kasten (1865 or 21 April 1869 – 4 March 1953) was a comic actor in Yiddish Theater. A 1925 New York Times article singled out his and Moony Weisenfreund's performances at the People's Theater as among the highlights of that year's Yiddish theater season, describing them as second only to Ludwig Satz.
He died in New York on 4 March 1953.
# Samuel Dickens (priest)

Samuel Dickens , DD (1719–1791) was Archdeacon of Durham from 1760 until his death.
Prosser was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He served incumbencies in Colchester, Gateshead and Easington. He was Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford from 1751 until 1763; and Rector of Easington from 1763 until his death on 30 August 1791.
# Samantha Jones

Samantha Jones may refer to:
* Samantha Jones (singer), British singer
* Samantha Jones (Sex and the City), a character
* Samantha Jones (civil servant), chief operating officer of the Office of the Prime Minister (UK)
* Samantha "Sam" Jones, a character on Doctor Who
* Samantha Jones, one of the pseudonyms of Mary Millington
# Samban-Lei Sekpil

Sambal-Lei Sekpil is the world's tallest topiary. Created by Moirangthem Okendra Kumbi, it is modelled in the shape of a series of open umbrellas and spheres.
Okendra started mending the Sambal-Lei in 1983, originally planted by his sister in a small mustard oil can. Sambal-Lei is a flowering shrub use for fencing gardens in Manipur - Sambal means fencing and Lei means flower in Meitei language. Sekpil indicates the shape of the topiary and is derived from an ancient Meitei word for a decorative bamboo post with rounded structured cloths forming canopy in many stages. The sekpil, at present also called as "Shattra" is generally used in worship and festivals in Manipur.

## Facts at a glance

* Botanical name: Duranta repens L.
* Cultivar: 'Variegata'.
* Common name: Sky Flower.
* Hindi name: Nilkanta.
* Meitei name: Sambal-lei Mana Arangba.
* Planting year: 1981.
* Experiment started year: 1983.
* National record (Limca Book of Records): 18 November 1992 (at the height of 6 m (20 ft), with 11 steps).
* World record (Guinness Book of Records): 26 November 1999 (at the height of 15 m (50 ft), with 35 steps).
* Present height: 40 ft., as of March 2014.
* Topiary steps: 44.
# Samuel Oton Sidin

Samuel Oton Sidin OFM Cap (born 12 December 1954) is the Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop of Diocese of Sintang, being appointed in 2017.
Sidin was born in Pontianak, Indonesia, and attended seminary Nyarumkop and entered the order of Capuchin friars in 1977. He completed his philosophical and theological studies at the inter-diocesan seminary in Pematangsiantar in Medan. Sidin was ordained to the priesthood on 1 Jul 1984. He had taken his vows as a Capuchin friar two years earlier on 18 July 1982. Sidin held multiple positions as a Capuchin priest, being the parochial vicar in Nyarumkop from 1984–1985, being the provincial minister of Pontianak from 1997 to 2003, and from 2003 to 2008 had been in charge of missionary efforts among the Dayak people of Borneo. He was also the pastor of St. Francis of Assisi parish in Tebet, Jakarta until his ordination as bishop. After being ordained in 2017 at the age of 62 Sidin was installed as bishop of Sintang succeeding Agustinus Agus who had been appointed archbishop three years earlier. He is a member of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.
# Samuel McConkey

Sam McConkey (full name: Samuel Joseph McConkey) is an Irish doctor specialising in internal medicine, tropical medicine, and infectious disease.

## Background

Sam McConkey was born in the Erne Hospital in Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, to George and Margaret McConkey. His mother was from County Londonderry and worked as a primary school teacher in Roslea in the south-east of County Fermanagh. His father was a farmer. McConkey was raised on the family farm at Killeevan, a hamlet located between Clones and Newbliss in the west of County Monaghan. He received his secondary education at Monaghan Collegiate School in Monaghan Town. He is a church elder at the Presbyterian church in Clontarf.

## Career

McConkey attended medical school at Trinity College, Dublin (TCD), graduating in 1989. McConkey obtained Membership of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (MRCPI) in 1992 followed by a Diploma in Tropical Medicine and Hygiene from Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in 1993. He completed specialist training in 2000 and underwent fellowship training at Washington University School of Medicine, including a Masters in Statistics. He became a Wellcome Trust research fellow in 2001, completing a Doctor of Medicine research degree (MD) at Trinity College Dublin in 2002. McConkey undertook a clinical fellowship at the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine at the University of Oxford. He was seconded to the Medical Research Council Laboratories in The Gambia. From 2001 to 2005, he was an Honorary Consultant in Infectious Diseases at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
In 2006, he became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland and Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (UK). He is a consultant physician at Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda.
McConkey is professor of medicine, Deputy Dean for International Curriculum Development, and head of the Department of International Health and Tropical Medicine at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. He is a former board member of the Health Information and Quality Authority and currently serves on the Scientific Advisory Committee of the European Vaccine Initiative.
# Samuel Williams (missionary)

Samuel Williams (17 January 1822 – 14 March 1907) was a New Zealand missionary, educationalist, farmer and pastoralist.

## Early life

Williams was born in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, and came to New Zealand as a young child. His parents were Marianne Williams and her husband, the missionary Henry Williams. He received his education from his uncle, William Williams.
In 1841 Williams was managing the family farm at Pakaraka. He was managing the farm during the Flagstaff War when in June 1845 Hone Heke went to Pakaraka to gather food supplies.

## Missionary work

From April 1844 to 1846, he attended the College of St. John Evangelist, when it was located at Te Waimate mission and then at St John's College in Auckland. On 30 September 1846, Williams married Mary Williams, daughter of William and Jane Williams and thus his first cousin. He was also ordained at St John’s College in Auckland in 1846. On 20 September 1846 he was appointed deacon of Old St. Pauls, Auckland.
From February 1848 to December 1853 Williams assisted Archdeacon Octavius Hadfield at Otaki. In 1853, after William Colenso was dismissed from the Church Missionary Society, Williams was persuaded to move to Hawkes Bay.
Williams withdrew from the CMS and worked with his uncle and father-in-law, the Revd William Williams, to establish the Te Aute estate as a school for Māori boys. Te Aute College opened in 1854. However the school buildings were destroyed in a fire. Williams worked the Te Aute estate in order to provide the financial resources to rebuild the school. His aunt Catherine Heathcote assisted with financial support and in 1870 he had accumulated £700; building began in 1871 and was completed in 1872. Williams was gifted £700 from his aunt Catherine Heathcote to build a school for Māori girls. The school that became Hukarere Girls' College was opened in 1875.
In 1859 Williams built Christ Church at Pukehou, nearby to Te Aute.
Williams was the Rural Dean of Hawke's Bay from 1854 to 1888. He was archdeacon in 1888 and in 1889 was appointed the archdeacon and canon of St John's Cathedral, Napier while still continuing his work at Te Aute College.

## Death

Williams died in Te Aute on 14 March 1907.
# Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven

Samuel Constant Snellen van Vollenhoven (18 October 1816, Rotterdam – 22 March 1880) was a Dutch entomologist. He is not to be confused with Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen another entomologist from Rotterdam.
He was curator of the entomological collections for the Natural History Museum, Leiden from 1854 to 1873, when he retired due to health problems. In 1857 he founded Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, a journal of systematic and evolutionary entomology published by the Netherlands Entomological Society. Snellen van Vollenhoven was a founder member of this Society. He described 9 genera and 471 species of insects. With Frederik Maurits van der Wulp he compiled the first checklist of the Diptera of the Netherlands.
# Samuel Klein

Samuel Klein may refer to:
* Samuel Klein (businessman) (1923–2014), founder of the Casas Bahia chain of stores in Brazil
* Samuel Klein (doctor), doctor and nutritional expert based at Washington University
* Samuel Klein (scholar) (1886–1940), historian and geography researcher of the Land of Israel
* Samuel Klein (1886–1942), founder of S. Klein department stores
* Sam Klein (soccer), Australian footballer
* Sam Klein, lead character in the Allan Levine series by the same name
# Samuel H. Davis (civil rights leader)

Samuel H. Davis (August 13, 1810 – 1907) was a religious and civil rights leader in the United States. He was a pastor at the Michigan Street Baptist Church and chaired the National Convention of Colored Citizens of America held in Buffalo, New York from August 15 to August 19, 1843.
Davis was born in Temple Mills, Maine. He lived in Buffalo, New York.
Davis studied at Oberlin College in Ohio. Afterwards he spent time in Windsor, Canada before returning to Buffalo. He worked as a mason. He taught at a Buffalo school for African Americans. Davis was the fifth pastor of the Michigan Street Baptist Church, reached the funding level needed for a church building for the congregation, and built much of it himself. The church was a stop on the Underground Railroad. In 2011, signage was unveiled at the church commemorating its history and Samuel H. Davis. Attendees included his descendants.
# Samuilova Krepost

Samuilova Krepost is a village in Petrich Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. It is commonly used as a tourist attraction.
# Lorenzo Burghardt

Lorenzo Burghardt is a 1918 German silent film directed by William Wauer and starring Albert Bassermann, Elsa Bassermann and Käthe Haack.

## Cast

* Albert Bassermann
* Elsa Bassermann
* Emilie Croll
* Käthe Haack
* Paul Rehkopf
# Today (Perry Como album)

Today is the 29th studio album by Perry Como. It was his final album for RCA Records and of his 55-year music career. This is also the penultimate recording ever made by Perry Como, the last being for a Christmas television special in 1994. This album is also significant in that it was the first and only album of Como's career to be released contemporaneously in both vinyl LP format and compact disc.
The song "Wind Beneath My Wings" was recorded for the album in 1987, two years before it was a hit for Bette Midler. It was meant to be somewhat autobiographical. Como also sang this song some 5 years earlier as a tribute to his idol, Bing Crosby. Como wanted to release the song as a single, but RCA declined; Reportedly, Como was so upset that he vowed never to record for RCA again.

## Track listing

Side One
* "Making Love to You" (music by Nick Perito, lyrics by Sammy Cahn)
* "Sing Along with Me" (music by Nick Perito and lyrics by Dee Williams)
* "Tonight I Celebrate My Love for You" (music by Michael Masser and lyrics by Gerry Goffin)
* "Butterfly" (music by L. Russell Brown and lyrics by Irwin Levine)
* "Bless the Beasts and the Children" (words and music by Barry De Vorzon and Perry Botkin, Jr.)
* "That's What Friends Are For" (music by Burt Bacharach and lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager)
Side Two
* "The Wind Beneath My Wings" (words and music by Larry Henley and Jeff Silbar)
* "I'm Dreaming of Hawaii" (music by Nick Perito and lyrics by Jennifer L. Perito and Dick Williams)
* "Do You Remember Me" (music by Nick Perito and lyrics by Richard B. Matheson)
* "My Heart Stood Still" (music by Richard Rodgers and lyrics by Lorenz Hart)
* "You're Nearer" (music by Richard Rodgers and lyrics by Lorenz Hart)
* "The Best of Times" (words and music by Jerry Herman)
# Turqueville

Turqueville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.
# Live sand

Live sand, a term used in aquarism, is natural reef coral sand populated with millions of beneficial bacteria and organisms which aid in the dissolving of organic wastes like ammonia, nitrites and nitrates produced by larger organisms in saltwater aquariums. Live sand can be purchased from aquarium stores, but most hobbyists make their own by seeding dead sand with live sand from other aquarium systems.
# NGC 913

NGC 913 is a lenticular galaxy located in the constellation Andromeda about 224 million light years from the Milky Way. It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan in 1878.
# Luigi Branciforte

Luigi Branciforte (died 1665) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla (1648–1665).

## Biography

Luigi Branciforte was born in Palermo, Italy. On 28 Sep 1648, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent X as Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla. On 18 Oct 1648, he was consecrated bishop by Pier Luigi Carafa (seniore), Cardinal-Priest of Santi Silvestro e Martino ai Monti. He served as Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla until his death in 1665.
# Erbstrom

Erbstrom is a river of Thuringia, Germany. It flows into the Hörsel in Wutha.
# Ulmus prunifolia

Ulmus prunifolia W. C. Cheng & L. K. Fu, the cherry-leafed elm, is a deciduous tree endemic only to the province of Hubei in central eastern China, where it is found at elevations of 1000–1500 m.

## Description

The tree can reach < 30 m in height, its bark dark grey and distinctively smooth. The narrow leaves vary in shape from elliptic to lanceolate, < 14 cm in length, and borne on twigs devoid of corky wings or layers. The wind-pollinated apetalous flowers are produced on second-year shoots from February; the samarae are oblong - obovate < 20 × 13 mm, and ripen in April - May.

## Pests and diseases

U. prunifolia was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica in the United States. .

## Cultivation

U. prunifolia is extremely rare in cultivation; it was one of 12 Chinese species under evaluation by Dr George Ware at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, in 2009. All four trees grown at the Brenton Arboretum, Dallas Center, Iowa, died for reasons unknown circa 2006, but several specimens survive elsewhere in the US, and one in Europe (see Accessions). U. prunifolia is in commerce in the UK.

## Accessions
### North America

* Morton Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois, US. Acc. details not known.
* U S National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Acc. no. 76240.

### Europe

* Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Young (2019) trees from cuttings ex. Morton Arboretum on U. glabra rootstocks. Acc. no. 1090.

## Nurseries
### Europe

* Pan-global Plants , Frampton on Severn, Gloucestershire, UK
# Optimization Toolbox

Optimization Toolbox is an optimization software package developed by MathWorks. It is an add-on product to MATLAB, and provides a library of solvers that can be used from the MATLAB environment. The toolbox was first released for MATLAB in 1990.

## Optimization algorithms

Optimization Toolbox has algorithms for:
* Linear programming
* Mixed-integer linear programming
* Quadratic programming
* Nonlinear programming
* Linear least squares
* Nonlinear least squares
* Nonlinear equation solving
* Multi-objective optimization

## Applications
### Engineering Optimization

Optimization Toolbox solvers are used for engineering applications in MATLAB, such as optimal control and optimal mechanical designs.

### Parameter Estimation

Optimization can help with fitting a model to data, where the goal is to identify the model parameters that minimize the difference between simulated and experimental data. Common parameter estimation problems that are solved with Optimization Toolbox include estimating material parameters and estimating coefficients of ordinary differential equations.

### Computational Finance

Portfolio optimization, cashflow matching, and other computational finance problems are solved with Optimization Toolbox.

### Utilities and Energy

Optimization Toolbox solvers are used for security constrained optimal power flow and power systems analysis.
# Ophonus sciakyi

Ophonus sciakyi is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Harpalinae, genus Ophonus, and subgenus Ophonus (Metophonus).
# Order of Military Merit of the Companions of Artigas

The Military Order of Merit of the Companions of Artigas (Spanish: El Orden Militar al Mérito Tenientes de Artigas), was a military decoration of Uruguay.

## History

The Military Order of Merit of the Companions of Artigas was established by Law N° 14.955 on 13 November 1979. It was created by the ruling civilian-military administration, which governed Uruguay between 1973 and 1985. The name "tenientes de Artigas" or "Companions of Artigas" honours the 19th-century freedom-fighter José Gervasio Artigas. The statutes governing the order were further modified in 1980, and ultimately repealed on 6 March 1985.
In 1991, the government of Uruguay established the Medal of Military Merit as the highest military decoration of the Army of Uruguay. It uses the same ribbon as the Military Order of Merit of the Companions of Artigas.

## Classes

The order was awarded in five different classes:
* Grand Cross
* Grand Officer
* Commander
* Officer
* Knight
# Oreamuno (canton)

Oreamuno is a canton in the Cartago province of Costa Rica. The head city is in San Rafael district.

## History

Oreamuno was created on 17 August 1914 by decree 68.

## Geography

Oreamuno has an area of 202.31 km² and a mean elevation of 1,861 metres.
The canton extends from its suburban head city of San Rafael northward into the Cordillera Central (Central Mountain Range). Irazú Volcano looms large in the northern reaches of the canton.

## Districts

The canton of Oreamuno is subdivided into the following districts:
* San Rafael
* Cot
* Potrero Cerrado
* Cipreses
* Santa Rosa

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, Oreamuno had a population of 45,473 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The canton is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 10
* National Route 219
* National Route 230
* National Route 233
* National Route 401
* National Route 402

### Rail transportation

The Interurbano Line operated by Incofer goes through this canton.