# List of flood basalt provinces

Representative continental flood basalts (also known as traps) and oceanic plateaus, together forming a listing of large igneous provinces:
| Era | Period | Epoch | Age | Start, mya | Event | Notes |
| Cenozoic | Quaternary | Holocene | | 0.0117 | | |
| Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene | Upper | 0.126 | | |
| Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene | Middle | 0.781 | Australasian strewnfield Lake Bosumtwi | Brunhes–Matuyama reversal (778.7 ± 1.9) Jaramillo reversal (1.07) |
| Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene | Calabrian | 1.806$^*$ | | Olduvai reversal |
| Cenozoic | Quaternary | Pleistocene | Gelasian | 2.588$^*$ | Chilcotin Plateau Basalts | Ice age Gauss-Matuyama reversal (2.588) |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Pliocene | Piacenzian/Blancan | 3.600$^*$ | | Gilbert-Gauss geomagnetic reversal (3.32) |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Pliocene | Zanclean | 5.333$^*$ | | Zanclean flood (5.333) |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Messinian | 7.246$^*$ | Chilcotin Plateau Basalts | |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Tortonian | 11.62$^*$ | | |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Serravallian | 13.82$^*$ | | |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Langhian | 15.97 | M. Miocene disruption (14.8–14.5) Columbia River Basalt Group Chilcotin Plateau Basalts | Increased Antarctic deep waters Yellowstone hotspot Nördlinger Ries (14.5-14.3) |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Burdigalian | 20.44 | | |
| Cenozoic | Neogene | Miocene | Aquitanian | 23.03$^*$ | Shield volcanoes of Ethiopia | Antarctic ice sheet complete |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Oligocene | Chattian | 28.1 | Ethiopian and Yemen traps (31–30) | Fish Canyon Tuff (27.51) |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Oligocene | Rupelian | 33.9$^*$ | Chesapeake Bay impact crater (35.5) | Antarctic ice sheet expands Eocene–Oligocene extinction event |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Eocene | Priabonian | 38.0 | |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Eocene | Bartonian | 41.3 | | |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Eocene | Lutetian | 47.8$^*$ | | Antarctic ice sheet begins |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Eocene | Ypresian | 56.0$^*$ | N. Atlantic IP Phase II (56–54) (Brito-Arctic province) (~56) | |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Paleocene | Thanetian | 59.2$^*$ | | |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Paleocene | Selandian | 61.6$^*$ | N. Atlantic IP (62–58) (Brito-Arctic province) (~61) (Thulean Plateau) | Iceland hotspot |
| Cenozoic | Paleogene | Paleocene | Danian | 65.5 ± 0.3$^*$ | Chicxulub Crater (65.5 ± 0.3) Deccan Traps (65.5 ± 0.3) | Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event Shiva crater |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Maastrichtian | 72.1 ± 0.2$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Campanian | 83.6 ± 0.2 | Caribbean LIP (76-74) Caribbean LIP (82-80) | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Santonian | 86.3 ± 0.5 | | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Coniacian | 89.8 ± 0.3 | High Arctic LIP (~90-80) Caribbean LIP (90-88) Ontong Java Plateau | Galápagos hotspot |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Turonian | 93.5 ± 0.8$^*$ | Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event (91.5 ± 8.6) Madagascar flood basalt (94.5±1.2) | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Upper | Cenomanian | 100.5$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Albian | c. 113.0 | Kerguelen Plateau (110) Rajmahal Traps (118) | Kerguelen hotspot |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Aptian | c. 125.0 | Selli Event (~120) Ontong Java Plateau (125–120) | Louisville hotspot |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Barremian | c. 129.4 | High Arctic LIP (130-120) | |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Hauterivian | c. 132.9 | Abor volcanics (135) | Kerguelen hotspot |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Valanginian | c. 139.8 | Paraná and Etendeka traps (138-128) | Tristan hotspot |
| Mesozoic | Cretaceous | Lower | Berriasian | c. 145.0 | | Glaciations End-Jurassic extinction |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Upper | Tithonian | 152.1 ± 0.9 | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Upper | Kimmeridgian | 157.3 ± 1.0 | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Upper | Oxfordian | 163.5 ± 1.0 | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Middle | Callovian | 166.1 ± 1.2 | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Middle | Bathonian | 168.3 ± 1.3$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Middle | Bajocian | 170.3 ± 1.4$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Middle | Aalenian | 174.1 ± 1.0$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Lower | Toarcian | 182.7 ± 0.7 | early Toarcian anoxic event Karoo-Ferrar (~183) | Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction Formed as Gondwana broke up |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Lower | Pliensbachian | 190.8 ± 1.0$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Lower | Sinemurian | 199.3 ± 0.3$^*$ | C. Atlantic magmatic province (Recurrent)(197±1) | |
| Mesozoic | Jurassic | Lower | Hettangian | 201.3 ± 0.2$^*$ | Central Atlantic magmatic province (199.5±0.5) | Formed as Pangea broke up Triassic–Jurassic extinction event |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Upper | Rhaetian | c. 208.5 | | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Upper | Norian | c. 228 | Wrangellia flood basalts (231–225) | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Upper | Carnian | c. 235$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Middle | Ladinian | c. 242$^*$ | | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Middle | Anisian | 247.2 | | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Lower | Olenekian | 251.2 | | |
| Mesozoic | Triassic | Lower | Induan | 252.2 ± 0.5$^*$ | Siberian Traps (252.6) | Permian–Triassic extinction event |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Lopingian | Changhsingian | 254.2 ± 0.1$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Lopingian | Wuchiapingian | 259.9 ± 0.4$^*$ | Emeishan Traps (258) | end-Capitanian/Guadalupian Extinction |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Guadalupian | Capitanian | 265.1 ± 0.4$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Guadalupian | Wordian/Kazanian | 268.8 ± 0.5$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Guadalupian | Roadian/Ufimian | 272.3 ± 0.5$^*$ | | Olson's Extinction Late Devonian extinction |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Cisuralian | Kungurian | 279.3 ± 0.6 | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Cisuralian | Artinskian | 290.1 ± 0.1 | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Cisuralian | Sakmarian | 295.5 ± 0.4 | | |
| Paleozoic | Permian | Cisuralian | Asselian | 298.9 ± 0.2$^*$ | Skagerrak-Centered LIP (297±4 Ma) | Pangaea |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Pennsyl- vanian | Upper | Gzhelian | 303.7 ± 0.1 | | |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Pennsyl- vanian | Upper | Kasimovian | 307.0 ± 0.1 | | Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse (~305) |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Pennsyl- vanian | Middle | Moscovian | 315.2 ± 0.2 | | |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Pennsyl- vanian | Lower | Bashkirian | 323.2 ± 0.4$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Missis- sippian | Upper | Serpukhovian | 330.9 ± 0.2 | | |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Missis- sippian | Middle | Viséan | 346.7 ± 0.4$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Carbon- iferous/ Missis- sippian | Lower | Tournaisian | 358.9 ± 0.4$^*$ | Hangenberg event (358.9 ± 0.4) | Late Devonian extinction |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Upper | Famennian | 372.2 ± 1.6$^*$ | Kellwasser_event (372.2 ± 1.6) Viluy traps (373.4 ± 0.7) | Late Devonian extinction |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Upper | Frasnian | 382.7 ± 1.6$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Middle | Givetian | 387.7 ± 0.8$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Middle | Eifelian | 393.3 ± 1.2$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Lower | Emsian | 407.6 ± 2.6$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Lower | Pragian | 410.8 ± 2.8$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Devonian | Lower | Lochkovian | 419.2 ± 3.2$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Pridoli | (Stage 8) | 423.0 ± 2.3$^*$ | Lau event (423.0 ± 2.3) | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Ludlow/Cayugan | Ludfordian | 425.6 ± 0.9$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Ludlow/Cayugan | Gorstian | 427.4 ± 0.5$^*$ | Mulde event (427.4 ± 0.5) | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Wenlock | Homerian/Lockportian | 430.5 ± 0.7$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Wenlock | Sheinwoodian/Tonawandan | 433.4 ± 0.8$^*$ | Ireviken event (433.4 ± 2.3) | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Llandovery/ Alexandrian | Telychian/Ontarian | 438.5 ± 1.1$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Llandovery/ Alexandrian | Aeronian | 440.8 ± 1.2$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Silurian | Llandovery/ Alexandrian | Rhuddanian | 443.4 ± 1.5$^*$ | | Ordovician–Silurian extinction event |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Upper | Hirnantian | 445.2 ± 1.4$^*$ | Pre-Devonian Traps (~445) | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Upper | Katian | 453.0 ± 0.7$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Upper | Sandbian | 458.4 ± 0.9$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Middle | Darriwilian | 467.3 ± 1.1$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Middle | Dapingian | 470.0 ± 1.4$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Lower | Floian (formerly Arenig) | 477.7 ± 1.4$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Ordovician | Lower | Tremadocian | 485.4 ± 1.9$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Furongian | Stage 10 | c. 489.5 | | Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Furongian | Jiangshanian | c. 494$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Furongian | Paibian | c. 497$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Series 3 | Guzhangian | c. 500.5$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Series 3 | Drumian | c. 504.5$^*$ | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Series 3 | Stage 5 | c. 509 | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Series 2 | Stage 4 | c. 514 | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Series 2 | Stage 3 | c. 521 | | |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Terreneuvian | Stage 2 | c. 529 | | Cambrian explosion |
| Paleozoic | Cambrian | Terreneuvian | Fortunian | 541.0 ± 1.0$^*$ | | End-Ediacaran extinction |
| Neo- proterozoic | Ediacaran | | | c. 635$^*$ | Long Range dikes (620) | formed as Iapetus Ocean began |
| Neo- proterozoic | Cryogenian | | | 850 | Franklin LIP (716.5) | Snowball Earth |
| Neo- proterozoic | Tonian | | | 1000 | Warakurna LIP (~1075) | |
| Meso- proterozoic | Stenian | | | 1200 | Midcontinent Rift System (~1100) Mackenzie LIP (~1270) | Rodinia |
| Meso- proterozoic | Ectasian | | | 1400 | | |
| Meso- proterozoic | Calymmian | | | 1600 | | |
| Paleo- proterozoic | Statherian | | | 1800 | Circum-Superior Belt (1884-1864) Winagami sill complex (1890-1760) | |
| Paleo- proterozoic | Orosirian | | | 2050 | Kapuskasing and Marathon dike swarm (2126-2101) Fort Frances dike swarm (2076-2067) Vredefort impact structure (2023±4) | |
| Paleo- proterozoic | Rhyacian | | | 2300 | Ungava magmatic event | Huronian glaciation (2220) |
| Paleo- proterozoic | Siderian | | | 2500 | Matachewan dike swarm (2500-2450) Mistassini dike swarm (2500) | Great Oxygenation Event |
| Neoarchean | | | | 2800 | | |
| Mesoarchean | | | | 3200 | | |
| Paleoarchean | | | | 3600 | Kaapvaal craton (3600-3700) | Vaalbara |
| Eoarchean | | | | 4000 | | |
| Early Imbrian | | | | c. 3850 | | |
| Nectarian | | | | c. 3920 | | lunar basins form |
| Basin Groups | | | | c. 4150 | Acasta Gneiss | Late Heavy Bombardment |
| Cryptic | | | | c. 4600 | | Oldest minerals. Earth surface solidifies. |