OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wilfrid Hodges

Wilfrid Augustine Hodges, FBA (born 27 May 1941) is a British mathematician and logician known for his work in model theory.

## Life

Hodges attended New College, Oxford (1959–65), where he received degrees in both Literae Humaniores and (Christianic) Theology. In 1970 he was awarded a doctorate for a thesis in Logic. He lectured in both Philosophy and Mathematics at Bedford College, University of London. He has held visiting appointments in the department of philosophy at the University of California and in the department of mathematics at University of Colorado. Hodges was Professor of Mathematics at Queen Mary College, University of London from 1987 to 2006 and is the author of books on logic.

## Honors and awards

Hodges was President of the British Logic Colloquium, of the European Association for Logic, Language and Information and of the Division of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. In 2009 he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy.

## Writing style

Hodges' books are written in an informal style. The "Notes on Notation" in his book "Model theory" end with the following characteristic sentence:
    'I' means I, 'we' means we.
When this 780-page book appeared in 1993, it became one of the standard textbooks on model theory. Due to its success an abbreviated version (but with a new chapter on stability theory) was published as a paperback.
# Vesela Gora

Vesela Gora (pronounced) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šentrupert in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## History

Vesela Gora was established in 1992, when its territory was separated from Brinje and it was made a settlement in its own right.

## Church

The pilgrimage church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Francis Xavier and belongs to the Parish of Šentrupert. It was built from 1723 to 1735 and has two belfries.
# Palaestina

Palaestina may refer to:
   * Palaestina Prima, a province of the Roman Empire (390–c. 636) comprising Galilee and the northern Jordan Valley
   * Palaestina Secunda, a province of the Roman Empire (390–c. 636) comprising the shoreline and hills of the southern Levant
   * Palaestina Salutaris, alias Palestina Tertia, a province of the Roman Empire (300–c. 636), comprising the Negev and large parts of the Sinai and Transjordan
# School District 67 Okanagan Skaha

School District 67 Okanagan Skaha is a school district in the Okanagan region of British Columbia. It operates the public schools in Penticton and Summerland.

## History

School District 67 was created by the merger of the Summerland and Penticton School Districts in 1996.

## Schools

| School | Location | Grades |
| Carmi Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| Columbia Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| Giant's Head Elementary School | Summerland | K-5 |
| Home Learners Program SD67 | Penticton | K-12 |
| Kaleden Elementary School | Kaleden | K-6 |
| KVR Middle School | Penticton | 6-8 |
| Naramata Elementary School | Naramata | K-5 |
| Parkway Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| Penticton Secondary School | Penticton | 9-12 |
| Princess Margaret Secondary School | Penticton | 9-12 |
| Queens Park Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| Skaha Lake Middle School | Penticton | 6-8 |
| Summerland Community Learning Centre | Summerland | SU |
| Summerland Middle School | Summerland | 6-8 |
| Summerland Secondary School | Summerland | 9-12 |
| Trout Creek Elementary School | Summerland | K-5 |
| Uplands Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| West Bench Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
| Wiltse Elementary School | Penticton | K-5 |
# Radu Lefter

Radu Gabriel Lefter (born 17 February 1970) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Lefter played all his career for Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț, becoming a legendary player of this club.
# Xavier Brown

Xavier Brown (born February 19, 1988) is an American football defensive end. He played college football for C. W. Post, he was signed by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2011. He then played for the Chicago Rush and New Orleans VooDoo of the Arena Football League (AFL) from 2012 to 2014.

## Professional career
### Canadian Football League

Brown was signed by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats on June 6, 2011. He was released during final roster cuts on June 25, 2011.

### Arena Football League

Brown was assigned to the Chicago Rush of the Arena Football League in February 2012. On May 28, 2012, he was traded to the New Orleans VooDoo for cornerback Leslie Majors.

### National Football League

Brown was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles on August 4, 2012.
# Meine Seele soll Gott loben, BWV 223

Meine Seele soll Gott loben (My soul will praise God), BWV 223, is a church cantata probably composed by Johann Sebastian Bach in Mühlhausen around 1707. The music of the cantata is lost, except for four measures of the theme of the closing fugue, which is given by Spitta. According to Spitta the cantata included a duet aria for soprano and bass.
The cantata has also been attributed to Johann Ernst Bach and George Frideric Handel.
# Zangla Monastery

Current day Zangla village has no monastery, only a nunnery. Zangla Palace is sometimes called Zangla Monastery due to a mistake probably first made by Tivadar Duka, biographer of Alexander Csoma de Kőrös, and later by Ervin Baktay, an Indologist who visited Zangla in 1928 to identify the locations related to Alexander Csoma de Kőrös. Suffering from malaria, he described Zangla Palace – probably due to the shrine and the monks living there – as a monastery.
Tsazar Monastery is a Buddhist monastery in the village of Tsa-zar, 6 kilometres south of Zangla, Zanskar, Kargil district, Ladakh, northern India, formerly part of the Zangla Kingdom.
Tsazar Monastery is home to a small number of lamas and has some notable wall paintings.
Hungarian philologist Sándor Kőrösi Csoma edited the first Tibetan-English dictionary while living at Zangla Palace in 1823. The dictionary was published in 1824.
# Wilfrid Hornby

Wilfrid Bird Hornby was an Anglican colonial bishop at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.
Born on 25 February 1851 and educated at Marlborough and Brasenose College, Oxford he was ordained in 1876. In 1880 he went on the Oxford Mission to Calcutta, returning in 1884. From 1885 to 1892 he was Vicar of St Columba's, Southwick, Sunderland when he was elevated to the episcopate as Bishop of Nyasaland. After only two years he returned to England, where he was Rector of St Clement's Church, Norwich then Vicar of Chollerton. In 1904 he was appointed Bishop of Nassau, a post he held until 1919. He died on 5 June 1935.
# Vexillum torricella

Vexillum torricella is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. V. torricella was first described in 2008.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 18 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in intertidal zones (10 to 30 meters depth) in the Solomon Islands, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
# Palaeste

Palaeste or Palaiste was a town in the Ceraunian Mountains, on the Chaonian coast, between the southern Adriatic and the Ionian Sea. The town was placed south of the Akrokeraunian Promontory, the natural boundary that separated Epirus from Illyria in classical antiquity. It was located near modern day Palasë in Albania.

## Etymology

The name Palaiste is considered to be Illyrian. It is linked to the root morpheme *pal- (shallow water) and the typical Illyrian suffix -este. The ethnic name Palaistinoi comes from Palaiste, with the typical Illyrian suffix -ino often used to form tribal names. The root *pal is also found in the name of the Illyrian tribe of the Plaraioi/Palarioi. Pseudo-Plutarch reports that Palaistinos was another name of the river Strymon. The name has been speculated to be related to the ethnonym Philistines.

## History
### Caesar's landing in 48 B.C

Ancient Roman writer Lucan reported that it was here that Julius Caesar landed from Brundusium across the Adriatic, in order to carry on the Civil War against Pompey in Illyricum and the oncoming Battle of Dyrrhachium on 10 July 48 BC. According to Ian Longhurst, an analysis of other ancient sources, based on geographical and military data, suggests a more likely location for Caesar's landing inside the Bay of Vlorë north of the Ceraunian Mountains. Neritan Ceka analysed the local places by a site survey on the Acroceraunia comparing their situation with the ancient sources, and accepted the historical account of Caesar's landing on Palaeste.

## Geography

In classical antiquity Palaeste was located in the Ceraunian Mountains, between the southern Adriatic and the Ionian Sea. The town was placed south of the Akrokeraunian Promontory, which was the natural boundary that separated Epirus from Illyria in classical antiquity. Located near modern day Palasë on the northernmost coastal part of the ancient Kemara region (modern Himara, Albania), Palaeste was part of the territory of the Chaones. The present-day village of Dhërmi has been proposed as a possible location of the ancient site.
# Scenechronized

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Scenechronized is an album by American progressive bluegrass band The Seldom Scene.
It was nominated for the Best Bluegrass Album Grammy in 2007.

## Track listing

* Hometown Blues (Steve Earle) 3:07
* Heart and Soul (David Norris) 3:18
* This Morning at Nine (Sidney Campbell) 2:31
* A Hundred and Ten in the Shade (John Fogerty) 4:03
* Katie Dear (Public Domain) 4:07
* Sweetest Love (Carter Stanley) 2:27
* Don't Bother with White Satin (John Duffey, Ann Hill) 3:00
* Mama Tried (Merle Haggard) 2:09
* You Remind Me of the Blues (Paul Craft) 2:25
* Please Be with Me (Scott Boyer) 3:24
* Sad Old Train (Donna Hughes) 2:54
* Tomorrow Is a Long Time (Bob Dylan) 3:58
* Too Bad You're No Good (Paul Craft, Cadillac Holmes) 2:47

## Personnel

* Dudley Connell - vocals, guitar, mandolin
* Lou Reid - mandolin, vocals
* Ben Eldridge - banjo, guitar, vocals
* Fred Travers - Dobro, guitar, vocals
* Ronnie Simpkins - bass, vocals
with
* Chris Eldridge - guitar
# Radu Aldulescu (novelist)

Radu Aldulescu (Romanian pronunciation:; born 29 June 1954, Bucharest) is a contemporary Romanian novelist.
# Xenohyla

Xenohyla is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae that is endemic to xeric habitats of coastal Brazil, with Xenohyla eugenioi native to the State of Bahia and the State of Sergipe, and Xenohyla truncata native to the State of Rio de Janeiro. This genus is characterized by a robust body, wide flat head, short snout, short forelimbs with muscular forearms, and a truncate-shaped body when viewed from above. They are associated with bromeliads, where they hide during the day and eat the insects that also inhabit the plant. They breed in temporary pools that are formed by rainwater. Both species are orange or brown with a white stripe going down their dorsal edges. X. truncata loses this stripe when it matures but X. eugenioi keeps it as an adult.
Xenohyla truncata is unique in the fact that it is the only known frugivorous amphibian. It locates fruit and swallows it whole, and is known to defecate out viable seeds that help in the spread of the plant. The arthropod to plant ratio in their diet depends on the month, with some months consisting mainly of fruits and other plant material, while other months when plants are not fruiting the frog mainly eats various types of arthropods. It is currently unknown whether or not Xenohyla eugenioi is frugivorous as well.
The genus name comes from Ancient Greek xeno (ξένος meaning "strange" or "alien") and hyla (ὕλη meaning "wood" or "forest") which is used for tree frogs, so the genus name means "strange tree frog." Xenohyla truncata means "strange truncated tree frog" after the shape of its body. Xenohyla eugenioi is named after Brazilian herpetologist Eugênio Izecksohn who described the genus and type species, and the name means "Eugênio's strange tree frog."

## Species

* Xenohyla eugenioi (Caramaschi, 1998)
* Xenohyla truncata (Izecksohn, 1959) — Izecksohn's Brazilian treefrog
# Vīrya (Hinduism)

Vīrya (Sanskrit वीर्य) literally means "state of a strong man" or "manliness." In Hindu Vedic literature, the term is often associated with heroism and virility. In Brahmacharya in Hinduism, Virya also refers to semen in a male and it is considered to be the 'vital fluid'. Loss of Virya from the body is avoided in Brahmacharya.

## Vedic literature

Vīryà as "manly" and "hero" can be found, for instance, in the following excerpts from the Rig Veda (RV).

### RV, Mandala 1, Hymn 32, v. 1

    1. I will declare the manly deeds of Indra, the first that he achieved, the Thunder-wielder. He slew the Dragon, then disclosed the waters, and cleft the channels of the mountain torrents.

### RV, Mandala 1, Hymn 103, vv. 5-7

    5. See this abundant wealth that he possesses, and put your trust in Indra's hero vigour. He found the cattle, and he found the horses, he found the plants, the forests and the waters.
    6. To him the truly strong, whose deeds are many, to him the strong Bull let us pour the Soma. The Hero, watching like a thief in ambush, goes parting the possessions of the godless.
    7. Well didst thou do that hero deed, O Indra, in waking with thy bolt the slumbering Ahi. In thee, delighted, Dames divine rejoiced them, the flying Maruts and all Gods were joyful.
# Zarja Singing Society

The Zarja Singing Society is a choral group based in Cleveland, Ohio. It is dedicated to the education and support of Slovenian culture and tradition.
The group was founded in 1916, making it the oldest Slovenian singing group abroad and the oldest secular Slovenian singing society in Cleveland.

## Early history

The Zarja Singing Society was founded in Cleveland in 1916, by Cleveland members of the Jugoslav Socialist Federation of Chicago. Its inaugural members were a group of seventeen Slovenian singers, mostly immigrants. Under its first director John Gombač, membership to the group was originally restricted to men. It became open to women after John Ivanusch became its third director in 1920. That year, the group was composed of twenty-two female and twenty-seven male singers.
Initially, the group performed either a cappella or with a piano accompaniment, but were able enough to perform an operetta with orchestra accompaniment by 1926. They staged their first full-length opera, Turjaška Rozamunda  [sl], in 1928 and staged the debut performance of Ulrich, Count of Celje  [sl] in the United States a year later. By 1930, membership had grown to forty-five members and the group had performed its rendition of The Nightingale of Gorenjska  [sl] at downtown Cleveland's Public Hall. Under the direction of Joseph Krabec, from 1933, they performed in concerts, operas, and musical plays in Slovene and English. They also toured and held concerts with local choral groups like Jadran, Sloga, and Slovan. Their concerts benefited local organizations including the Slovene Home of the Aged and the monthly magazine Cankarjev Glasnik, as well as relief efforts based in Slovenia.
In 1930, Samostojna Zarja (Independent Zarja) formed as an independent group after splitting from Zarja. It was first led by Ivanusch for nine years, and later changed its name to Glasbena Matica ("The Music Society") in 1940.

## Move to Euclid

In 1962, Zarja moved its meeting place from the Slovenian National Home to the Slovenian Society Home in Euclid. The group was invited to perform in Slovenia on six occasions between their fiftieth anniversary in 1966 until 1987. They were given the 1972 Gallus Award by the government-sponsored Association of Cultural Organizations of Slovenia for upholding Slovenian musical and cultural traditions in the United States.
In 1976, the group deposited memoirs, music, and notes in the Library of Congress to celebrate Slovenian contributions to the United States on the occasion of the United States Bicentennial. They also recorded collections of Slovenian wedding and harvest customs under a grant received from the Ohio Arts Council in 1984.

## Leadership

The current musical director of the Zarja Singing Society is Doug Elersich, who has served in the position since 1986. The past directors are John Gombač (1916–1917), Popla Malen (1917–1919), John Ivanush (1919–1931), Joseph Krabec (1931–1960), Josephine Turkman (1960–1980), and Richard Tomsic (1981–1986).
# Vibank

Vibank (2016 population: 385) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Francis No. 127 and Census Division No. 6. It is accessed from Highway 48.
Wascana Creek originates near the community. Fish species in the creek include walleye, yellow perch, northern pike, white sucker, and burbot.

## History

Vibank incorporated as a village on June 23, 1911.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Vibank had a population of 386 living in 170 of its 181 total private dwellings, a change of 0.3% from its 2016 population of 385. With a land area of 0.71 km$^2$ (0.27 sq mi), it had a population density of 543.7/km$^2$ (1,408.1/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population, the Village of Vibank recorded a population of 385 living in 171 of its 181 total private dwellings, a 2.9% change from its 2011 population of 374. With a land area of 0.73 km$^2$ (0.28 sq mi), it had a population density of 527.4/km$^2$ (1,366.0/sq mi) in 2016.

## Notable people

* Joe Erautt, a former Major League Baseball player
# Wilcza Góra

Wilcza Góra may refer to the following places:
* Wilcza Góra, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Wilcza Góra, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Wilcza Góra, Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland)
# Vexillum troendlei

Vexillum troendlei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Marquesas Islands.
# Farakala

Farakala is a village and commune in the Cercle of Sikasso in the Sikasso Region of southern Mali. The commune covers an area of 280 square kilometers (110 sq mi) and includes 11 villages. In the 2009 census it had a population of 7,960. The village of Farakala lies 40 km (25 mi) west of Sikasso on the RN7 highway linking Sikasso and Bougouni.
# Scene text

Scene text is text that appears in an image captured by a camera in an outdoor environment.
The detection and recognition of scene text from camera captured images are computer vision tasks which became important after smart phones with good cameras became ubiquitous. The text in scene images varies in shape, font, colour and position. The recognition of scene text is further complicated sometimes by non-uniform illumination and focus.
To improve scene text recognition, the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR) conducts a robust reading competition once in two years. The competition was held in 2003, 2005 and during every ICDAR conference. International association for pattern recognition (IAPR) has created a list of datasets as Reading systems.

## Text detection

Text detection is the process of detecting the text present in the image, followed by surrounding it with a rectangular bounding box. Text detection can be carried out using image based techniques or frequency based techniques.
In image based techniques, an image is segmented into multiple segments. Each segment is a connected component of pixels with similar characteristics. The statistical features of connected components are utilised to group them and form the text. Machine learning approaches such as support vector machine and convolutional neural networks are used to classify the components into text and non-text.
In frequency based techniques, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or discrete wavelet transform (DWT) are used to extract the high frequency coefficients. It is assumed that the text present in an image has high frequency components and selecting only the high frequency coefficients filters the text from the non-text regions in an image.

## Word recognition

In word recognition, the text is assumed to be already detected and located and the rectangular bounding box containing the text is available. The word present in the bounding box needs to be recognized. The methods available to perform word recognition can be broadly classified into top-down and bottom-up approaches.
In the top-down approaches, a set of words from a dictionary is used to identify which word suits the given image. Images are not segmented in most of these methods. Hence, the top-down approach is sometimes referred as segmentation free recognition.
In the bottom-up approaches, the image is segmented into multiple components and the segmented image is passed through a recognition engine. Either an off the shelf Optical character recognition (OCR) engine or a custom-trained one is used to recognise the text.
# Supreme Islamic Council

Supreme Islamic Council may refer to:
* The Gambia Supreme Islamic Council
* Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq
* Supreme Islamic Shia Council
* Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs
* Supreme Muslim Council
* Islamic Supreme Council of Canada
* Islamic Supreme Council of America
* Ethiopian Islamic Affairs Supreme Council
# Radek Bělohlav

Radek Bělohlav (born 11 April 1970) is a Czech former professional ice hockey player, and a current coach. He played with HC Kladno in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season.
# Xanthium ambrosioides

Xanthium ambrosioides, the Argentine cocklebur, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Argentina, and introduced to Great Britain, France, Italy, and New South Wales. Some authorities consider it a synonym of Xanthium spinosum. It is a "Declared Pest, Prohibited" in Western Australia.
# Zahiran

Zahiran also known as Sahiri or Sa-hi-ri, also known as Zahiran was an Iron Age city of the ancient near east. It was a city in what is today Syria.
During the Mari–Ebla war (2300 BC) Zahiran was the site of a battle between Igrish-Halam King of Ebla, and Iblul-il, King of Mari. About a decade later it would be absorbed into the empire of Sargon of Akkad.
The town was sacked in the Battle of Nineveh (612 BC). The chronicle of Aššur-uballit II, known as Chronicle 3, states of the Battle of Nineveh between Babylonian and Assyrian armies that "in the month Âbu the king of Akkad and his army went upstream to Mane, Sahiri and Bali-hu. He plundered them, sacked them extensively and abducted their gods."