OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Semper

Semper may refer to:

## Mottos

* Semper caveo (Latin: Always beware), a motto of the polygraph testers of the US National Security Agency
* Semper fidelis (Latin: Always faithful), a motto used by, among others, the United States Marine Corps
* Semper fortis (Latin: Always courageous), an unofficial motto of the United States Navy
* Semper Gumby (Dog Latin: Always flexible), an unofficial motto of the USCG, USMC, USPHS, CAP, Emergency Management and more
* Semper maior (Latin: Always more, always greater), a motto of Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits
* Semper montani liberi (Latin: Mountaineers are always free), the West Virginia state motto
* Semper paratus (Latin: Always ready), the United States Coast Guard motto
* Semper primus (always first), a Latin phrase used as a motto by several United States and Israeli military units
* Semper supra (Latin: Always above), the official motto and march of the United States Space Force
* Semper vigilans (always vigilant), a Latin phrase used as a motto by the Civil Air Patrol, several military units, and the city of San Diego, California, U.S.
* Semper vigilo (Latin: Always vigilant or Always alert), motto of Police Scotland
* Sic semper tyrannis (Latin: Thus always to tyrants), motto of Virginia
* Quas dederis solas semper habebis opes (Latin: "What thou hast given alone shall be eternal riches unto thee"), motto of Queen Mary's Grammar School, England

## People

* Carl Semper (1832–1893), German ethnologist and animal ecologist
* Colin Semper (1938–2022), Anglican priest
* Georg Semper (1837–1909), German entomologist
* Gottfried Semper (1803–1879), German architect, art critic, and professor of architecture
* Johannes Semper (1892–1970), Estonian writer and translator
* John Semper, American screenwriter, producer and story editor
* Manfred Semper, German architect of the second Dresden Opera House and son of Gottfried Semper
* Natalya Yevgenevna Semper (1911–1995), Soviet memoirist and Egyptologist
* Trevor Semper (born 1970), Montserratian cricketer

## Other uses

* Semper (food brand), Swedish brand of infant food, a member of Hero Group
* "Semper I", 2011 episode of the psychological thriller TV series Homeland
* Semperoper, an opera house in Dresden, Germany
* Semper (Property Management System), Hotel Software company based in South Africa
# Torregrotta railway station

Torregrotta railway station is a railway station serving the small town of Torregrotta, in the north-east of Sicily, Italy. The station also serves nearby villages including Monforte San Giorgio, Roccavaldina and Valdina. It is located on the Palermo–Messina railway and all trains calling there are operated by Trenitalia. The current station, opened on 23 November 2009, replaces an earlier one dating from the early years of the twentieth century and closed on 9 August 2009.

## History

The section between Messina and San Filippo of the Palermo-Messina Railway was opened on 20 June 1889 but no passenger facilities were provided at Torregrotta until the early years of the twentieth century. The first station was originally opened as Scala and later renamed as Roccavaldina - Scala - Torregrotta. It was equipped with an important goods station where a large amount of agricultural products came from surrounding crops. The works for the construction of a new station were contracted in 1999 and began in 2000. On 9 August 2009 the first station was closed and on 23 November 2009 the new station was opened as Torregrotta.

## Services

The typical weekday service from the station is thirty-five trains per day. On Sundays the service is reduced to nine trains.
# Unisave

Unisave is a novel by Axel Madsen published in 1980.

## Plot summary

Unisave is a novel set in the future in which the overpopulation of the world has become a critical problem.

## Reception

Greg Costikyan reviewed Unisave in Ares Magazine #3 and commented that "Despite the potentially intense emotional nature of his subject material, the novel progresses slowly and unemotionally. His one attempt at a dramatic scene fails to communicate any real feeling of drama, and his characters are uniformly bland, almost clones of one another. An remarkable novel to which I have devoted too much space."
# Øivind Lunde

Øivind Lunde (born 7 August 1962 in Bergen, Norway) is a Norwegian bass guitarist, known from bands like Elle Melle, Good Time Charly and Electric Heavyland.

## Biography

Lunde started his musical career as a pupil at the Rudolf Steiner School in Bergen. He later started playing the bass guitar in local bands. His first major project was Good Time Charly. They performed at the 1988 URIJAZZ. At the 1993 Nattjazz he was in the lineup for Ole Thomsen's Electric Heavyland, and with Stein Hauge Band (2001–04).
Lunde was also in the backing band for the NRK TV show "Kvinner på randen" for years, also performing live in Norway.

## Discography

* 2000: Knuste Speil (Tylden & Co.)
# Æsaronenses

The Æsaronenses or Aesaronenses were an ancient people of Sardinia, noted by Ptolemy (III, 3). They dwelt south of the Salcitani and the Lucuidonenses and north of the Æchilenenses or Cornenses.
# Çaycuma District

Çaycuma District is a district of the Zonguldak Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Çaycuma. Its area is 492 km$^2$, and its population is 90,583 (2022).

## Composition

There are six municipalities in Çaycuma District:
* Çaycuma
* Filyos
* Karapınar
* Nebioğlu
* Perşembe
* Saltukova
There are 82 villages in Çaycuma District:
* Adaköy
* Ahatlı
* Akçahatipler
* Akpınar
* Akyamaç
* Aliköy
* Aşağıihsaniye
* Aşağısarmaşık
* Ayvazlar
* Başaran
* Basat
* Burunkaya
* Çamlık
* Çayır
* Çayköy
* Coburlar
* Çömlekçi
* Çomranlı
* Çorak
* Dağüstü
* Derecikören
* Dereköseler
* Dereli
* Dursunlar
* Emirşah
* Erenköy
* Esenlik
* Esentepe
* Esenyurt
* Geriş
* Gökçeler
* Gökçetabaklar
* Güdüllü
* Güzeloğlu
* Güzelyaka
* Güzelyurt
* Hacıibadi
* Hacılar
* Hacıosmanlar
* Helvacılar
* İhsanoğlu
* Kadıoğlu
* Kahvecioğlu
* Kalafatlı
* Kalaycıoğlu
* Karaahmetler
* Karakoç
* Karamusa
* Kayabaşı
* Kerimler
* Kışla
* Kızılbel
* Koramanlar
* Madenler
* Muharremşah
* Muhsinler
* Musausta
* Ramazanoğlu
* Sandallar
* Sarmaşık
* Sazköy
* Serdaroğlu
* Şenköy
* Şeyhler
* Şeyhoğlu
* Sipahiler
* Taşçılı
* Temenler
* Torlaklar
* Uluköy
* Veliköy
* Yakademirciler
* Yazıbaşı
* Yazıköy
* Yeniköy
* Yeşilköy
* Yeşilyayla
* Yeşilyurt
* Yolgeçen
* Yukarıdere
* Yukarıgöynük
* Yukarıihsaniye
# Çaycılar, Rize

Çaycılar is a village in the Rize District, Rize Province, in Black Sea Region of Turkey. Its population is 281 (2021).

## History

According to list of villages in Laz language book (2009), name of the village is Xacavet.

## Geography

The village is located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away from Rize.
# Çaydeğirmeni

Çaydeğirmeni is a town (belde) in the Devrek District, Zonguldak Province, Turkey. Its population is 7,034 (2022). It is situated in the valley of Alpaslan creek, a tributary of Yenice River. It is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north east of Devrek. The area around Çaydeğirmeni was inhabited from the 4th century BC (late Hellenistic period). The settlement was a stop on an ancient caravan route. The present town was founded in 1993 after a merger of two villages named Kemerler and Kaypaklar.
# Üßbach

The Üßbach (also Ueßbach or Üssbach) is a stream, just under 49 km (30 mi) long in the Eifel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It rises near Mosbruch in the county of Vulkaneifel and empties near Alf (Cochem-Zell) into the eponymous river, just before the Alf discharges into the river Moselle. The spa resort of Bad Bertrich lies on the Üßbach.
# İlxıçı, Khachmaz

İlxıçı (also, Ilxıçı, Gasan Efendi, Həsən Əfəndi, Il’khychy-Gasanefendi, Il’kichi-Kazeya, and Ilkhychy) is a village and municipality in the Khachmaz Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 617. The municipality consists of the villages of İlxıçı and Qarğalıq.
# Čiritež

Čiritež (Italian: Cirités) is a village in Buzet municipality in Istria County, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 45.
# Čipalje

Čipalje is a village in the municipality of Sjenica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 144 people.
# Čista Mlaka

Čista Mlaka is a village near Rugvica, Croatia. In the 2011 census, it had 582 inhabitants.
# Ȋ

Ȋ or ȋ is a letter of the Latin script formed by the addition of an inverted breve accent above the Latin letter I. The letter is not used in any current writing system, nor in any past one. It has historically been used in traditional Slavicist notation of Serbo-Croatian phonology to indicate a long falling accent on an i, when the i is the nucleus of a syllable.

## Computer encoding

Character information :
| Preview | Ȋ | Ȋ | ȋ | ȋ |
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH INVERTED BREVE | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH INVERTED BREVE | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH INVERTED BREVE | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH INVERTED BREVE |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 522 | U+020A | 523 | U+020B |
| UTF-8 | 200 138 | C8 8A | 200 139 | C8 8B |
| Numeric character reference | &#522; | &#x20A; | &#523; | &#x20B; |
# Świnka

Świnka may refer to:
* Świnka coat of arms
* Jakub Świnka
# Śleszyński–Pringsheim theorem

In mathematics, the Śleszyński–Pringsheim theorem is a statement about convergence of certain continued fractions. It was discovered by Ivan Śleszyński and Alfred Pringsheim in the late 19th century.
It states that if $a_{n}$, $b_{n}$, for $n=1,2,3,\ldots$ are real numbers and $|b_{n}|\geq |a_{n}|+1$ for all $n$, then
    ${\cfrac {a_{1}}{b_{1}+{\cfrac {a_{2}}{b_{2}+{\cfrac {a_{3}}{b_{3}+\ddots }}}}}}$
converges absolutely to a number $f$ satisfying $0<|f|<1$, meaning that the series
    $f=\sum _{n}\left\{{\frac {A_{n}}{B_{n}}}-{\frac {A_{n-1}}{B_{n-1}}}\right\},$
where $A_{n}/B_{n}$ are the convergents of the continued fraction, converges absolutely.
# Šainovac

Šainovac is a village in the Municipality of Leskovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 216 people.
# Štvanice

Štvanice is an island on the Vltava river in Prague, Czech Republic. It is located in the Prague district of Holešovice. At the end of the 17th century, a wooden arena was built there. Until 1816, the island was used for dog hunts involving various animals such as bears, bulls, deer, and cows, although these were repeatedly banned. This is the origin of the island's name, which translates to hunt or chase.
In 1931, Štvanice Stadium was built on the island and originally consisted entirely of wood. This later became the ice skating centre of Prague, until its demolition in 2011. Ice Hockey World Championships were held at the stadium four times: in 1933, 1938, 1947, and 1959. It was here that in 1947, the Czechoslovakia men's national ice hockey team won the world championship for the first time.
In 1986, an arena for the I. ČLTK Prague tennis club was built on Štvanice, with nine outdoor and two indoor courts. The central court has a capacity of 8,000 seats and is the annual site of the ATP and WTA Prague Open tournaments.
The island also has a roofed skatepark and as such, it is the only place that allows year-round skateboarding in Prague. In 2006, a neighbouring indoor skate bowl was added to the facility. In the eastern part of the island, there used to be a public swimming pool, which in the 1990s had a nudist resort. This was of interest for being set up almost directly in the centre of Prague, near a hydropower plant and an adjustable water slalom track. The island is spanned by the Hlávkův Bridge and Negrelli Viaduct.

## Gallery

* Štvanice tennis arena
* Štvanice skatepark
* Former winter stadium of Štvanice, shortly before demolition
* Negrelli viaduct
* Hydropower plant
* Sport canal of Štvanice
# Žlabor

Žlabor (pronounced) is a small settlement on the right bank of the Dreta River south of Nazarje in Slovenia. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
# "Chūsotsu" "Chūkara"

"Chūsotsu": Ebichū no Ike Ike Best and "Chūkara": Ebichū no Waku Waku Best are two best-of albums by the Japanese girl idol group Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku. They were released in Japan simultaneously on November 16, 2016. This marks the final release featuring Rina Matsuno, who died on February 8, 2017.

## "Chūsotsu": Ebichū no Ike Ike Best

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| CDJournal | Favorable |
"Chūsotsu": Ebichū no Ike Ike Best (「中卒」〜エビ中のイケイケベスト〜) contains all the band's major-label hits to date (all the A-sides of the first ten major-label singles), one B-side and one album track. Some songs were re-recorded with the current line-up.
The album contains songs of different genres, such as heavy metal, melocore and electro. The Japan-based music website CDJournal in its review of the album states that the album does well in both showing the band's individually and reflecting its musical career. The site also notes the musicality of the songs and how the lyrics make use of each member's individuality.

### Track listing
## "Chūkara": Ebichū no Waku Waku Best

"Chūkara": Ebichū no Waku Waku Best (「中辛」〜エビ中のワクワクベスト〜) contains selected major-label B-sides and album tracks. Some songs were re-recorded with the current line-up. There is also one new song, titled "Sudden Death".

### Track listing
## "Chūsotsu" "Chūkara": Ebichū no Complete Best

"Chūsotsu" "Chūkara": Ebichū no Complete Best (「中卒」「中辛」～エビ中のコンプリートベスト～) is a limited-edition box set. It includes both albums plus a third CD with a special DJ mix.

### Contents

* CD1："Chūsotsu": Ebichū no Ike Ike Best
* CD2："Chūkara": Ebichū no Waku Waku Best
* CD3：Ebichu's Championship Tera-Mix (Mixed by CMJK) (• mix of 81 songs, lasting 58:44)

## Charts
### "Chūsotsu": Ebichū no Ike Ike Best

| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| Chart (2016) | Peak position | Japan (Oricon Daily) | 5 |
| Japan (Oricon Weekly) | 11 |

### "Chūkara": Ebichū no Waku Waku Best

| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| Chart (2016) | Peak position | Japan (Oricon Daily) | 6 |
| Japan (Oricon Weekly) | 12 |
# Pennepalli

Pennepalli is a small village in Nayudupet Mandal (Gudur Taluk) of Nellore District in Andhra Pradesh, India.
# Wierzbica, Jędrzejów County

Wierzbica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sobków, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Sobków, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Jędrzejów, and 22 km (14 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Wezep

Wezep is a town in the municipality of Oldebroek, Netherlands. Located in the province of Gelderland, it had about 13,500 inhabitants in 2012. The Wezep railway station, located on the Utrecht–Zwolle railway, is the town's main landmark. The municipality's TV station is called LOCO TV.

## Sports

Wezep has several sport clubs.
| | Club names |
| Soccer | WHC Wezep |
| Tennis | WTC |
| Volleybal | VZK |
| Korfball | Rood-Wit |
| Gymnastics | OLVO |
| Shooting | Schietsport Vereniging Wezep |
| Table tennis | TTV Pearle Wezep |
| Badminton | Badminton '80 |
| Dancing | Dansschool Bruinewoud |

## Notable residents

* Jan Terlouw (born 1931), physicist, author and politician
* Lana Wolf (born 1975), singer

## Economy

The Plukon Food Group, one of the largest poultry meat companies in Europe, has its headquarters in Wezep.

## Gallery

* House in Wezep
* Church in Wezep
* Village house
* Demonstration of non-commissioned officer school (1951)
# Willem Bilderdijk

Willem Bilderdijk (Dutch pronunciation:; 7 September 1756 – 18 December 1831) was a Dutch poet, historian, lawyer, and linguist.

## Life

Willem Bilderdijk was born on 7 September 1756 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic.
He was the son of an Amsterdam physician. When he was six years old an accident to his foot incapacitated him for ten years, and he developed habits of continuous and concentrated study. His parents were ardent partisans of the House of Orange-Nassau, and Bilderdijk grew up with strong monarchical and Calvinistic convictions.
After studying at Leiden University, Bilderdijk obtained his doctorate in law in 1782, and began to practise as an advocate at The Hague. Three years later he contracted an unhappy marriage with Rebecca Woesthoven. He refused in 1795 to take the oath to the administration of the new Batavian Republic, and was consequently obliged to leave the Netherlands. He went to Hamburg, and then to London, where his great learning procured him consideration.
There he had as a pupil Katharina Wilhelmina Schweickhardt [de] (1776–1830), the daughter of the Dutch painter Heinrich Wilhelm Schweickhardt and herself a poet. When he left London in June 1797 for Braunschweig, this lady followed him, and after he had formally divorced his first wife (1802) they were married.
In 1806 he was persuaded by his friends to return to the Netherlands, where the Batavian Republic had been replaced by a monarchy, the first king being Louis Bonaparte, a brother of the French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. Louis Napoleon received Bilderdijk kindly and made him his librarian, and a member and eventually president (1809–1811) of the Royal Institute.
Bilderdijk also taught the king Dutch although on one occasion, the king supposedly told his people that he was the "Konijn van 'Olland" ("rabbit of 'Olland"), rather than "Koning van Holland" ("King of Holland") because he had difficulty mastering Dutch pronunciation.
After the abdication of Louis, Bilderdijk suffered great poverty; on the accession of William I of the Netherlands in 1813, he hoped to be made a professor but was disappointed and became a history tutor at Leiden. He continued his vigorous campaign against liberal ideas to his death.
Bilderdijk was the founder of the spiritual movement "Het Réveil", which tried to give a Christian answer to the ideals of the French Revolution. Among his disciples were Abraham Capadose, Willem de Clercq, Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer, and especially Isaac da Costa, who called his teacher "anti-revolutionary, anti-Barneveldtian, anti-Loevesteinish, anti-liberal".
Bilderdijk died in Haarlem in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands on 18 December 1831.

## Legacy

According to Godfried Bomans, who named a club after his pseudonym Teisterbant, the bed Bilderdijk died in was kept until 1950 as a curiosity for people to look at. A commemorative gable stone was placed on the top gable of his old house in 1885, and a commemorative stone is also in the St. Bavochurch.
The collection of the Bilderdijk Museum is available at Leiden University Library.
# Seoak Seowon

The Seoak Seowon is a seowon located in the neighborhood of Seoak-dong, Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Seowon was a type of local academy during the Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897). It was established by local Confucian scholars especially Yi Jeong (李楨 1578 - 1607) in 1651, the second year of King Hyojong's reign, to commemorate the virtue and scholarly achievements of scholar Seol Chong, and Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn and General Kim Yu-sin. The enshrined people played important roles in the unification of Three Kingdoms of Korea into Unified Silla.
# United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone

The United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Sierra Leone (UNIPSIL) was established by the United Nations Security Council in 2008 to provide support to the Government of Sierra Leone in identifying and resolving tensions and threats of potential conflict, monitoring and promoting human rights, and consolidating good governance reforms. Former UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon travelled to Freetown, Sierra Leone to mark the closure of UNIPSIL, which officially ended on 31 March 2014.
# Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells is a scientific journal published by Elsevier covering research related to solar energy materials and solar cells. According to the Journal Citation Reports, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells has a 2020 impact factor of 7.267.

## Controversies

A paper titled "Ageing effects of perovskite solar cells under different environmental factors and electrical load conditions" published in 2018 in the journal corresponded to a paper previously published in the journal Nature Energy as "Systematic investigation of the impact of operation conditions on the degradation behaviour of perovskite solar cells". It led to an investigation of plagiarism.
# Socrates, his two Wives, and Alcibiades

Socrates, his two Wives, and Alcibiades is a large oil on canvas painting by the Dutch Golden Age artist, Reyer van Blommendael. It is today owned by the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Strasbourg, France. Its inventory number is 1377.
The painting was bought in 1934 in Paris as a work by Jan Victors, and was later attributed to Cesar van Everdingen. Only in 1997 has the art historian Eddy de Jongh attributed the painting with certainty to Bloemmendael. Other paintings by Blommendael, especially Loth and his Daughters (Musée des Beaux-Arts of Dunkirk), show exactly the same, distinctive type of blonde, round-faced, small-eyed and full-breasted young woman as Socrates, his two Wives, and Alcibiades.
The bigamist Socrates is depicted as so absorbed by his thoughts that he remains ignorant of Myrto's erotic enticement, as well as of Xanthippe dousing him with cold water. Only young Alcibiades, arriving from the left, is about to waken the philosopher from his stupor. Socrates is leaning on a stone with the inscription "Know thyself".
# Socrates A. Myers House

The Socrates A. Myers House is a historic house located at 300 Hall Street in Salmon, Idaho. The two-story house was built in 1900; at the time, it was part of a farm overlooking the Salmon River. The house has a brick veneer exterior; while it is one of many brick houses built around 1900 in Salmon, it stands out due to its architectural features. A verandah wraps around two sides of the house, and the steep roof has several gables. The house also uses brick in its decorative elements, such as the segmental arches on its first-floor windows and the bands of brick across the gables. A wooden addition was added to the back in 1937 so the house could serve as a dairy.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 2, 1977.
# Solidago bicolor

Solidago bicolor, with several common names including white goldenrod and silverrod, is a plant species native to much of eastern North America. It is found in Canada (from Manitoba to Nova Scotia) and in the United States (every state completely east of the Mississippi except Florida). It prefers sandy and rocky soils, and can frequently be found along roadsides.
Solidago bicolor is distinctive in the genus. Stems are thin and wiry. Flowers are white rather than yellow, the heads mostly clustered in the axils of the leaves rather than displayed in a large terminal raceme.

## Galls

This species is host to the following insect-induced gall:
* Rhopalomyia guttata Dorchin
external link to gallformers
# Solidarității

Solidarităţii is a residential district of Satu Mare in Romania.
# Songs of Glory

Songs of Glory is a studio album by bluegrass artists Flatt and Scruggs with the Foggy Mountain Boys. It was released in 1960 by Columbia Records, catalog numbers CL 1424 (mono) and CS 8221 (stereo).
The album was released before Billboard magazine began maintaining its Top Country Albums chart in 1964. It was part of Louise Scruggs' plan to give the group a facelift by adding older folk songs to their repertoire.

## Track listing

Side A
* "When the Angels Carry Me Home" (Charlie Monroe) [2:19]
* "Heaven" (B. & H. McSpadden) [2:31]
* "Get on That Road to Glory" (Louise Certain, Gladys Stacey, Benny Martin) [2:12]
* "Bubbling in My Soul" (Jerry Organ, T.D. James) [2:13]
* "I'm on My Way to Canaan's Land" (A.P. Carter) [2:20]
* "Give Mother My Crown" (Walter Bailes) [2:47]
Side B
* "Angel Band" (P. Jones) [2:31]
* "You Can Feel It in Your Soul" (Stacey) [2:23]
* "I'll Never Be Lonesome Again" (G.T. Dixon) [2:21]
* "Take Me in the Lifeboat" (Frank Southern) [2:37]
* "Joy Bells" (Organ, Certain, Stacey) [2:21]
* "Give Me Flowers While I'm Living" (E. Bigger, Certain, Stacey) [2:31]