OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Visvliet

Visvliet is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is part of the municipality of Westerkwartier, and is located near the river Lauwers, the border between Friesland and Groningen.

## History

In 734, the Battle of the Boarn was fought between the Frisians and the Franks, and the river Lauwers became the border between the Province of Friesland and Groningen. Visvliet is located to the east of the river and part of Groningen. It was first mentioned in 1378, and was a fishing village. It was established as an outpost of monastery Jeruzalem in Gerkesklooster. The name means "water with fish".
During the Dutch Revolt, Groningen sided with Spain. In 1581, Friesland, who sided with the Dutch Republic, attacked and conquered the village in the Battle of Visvliet. The heerlijkheid Visvliet was established, and a grietman (combination of mayor and judge) was appointed for the village. On 22 July 1594, after the Siege of Groningen, Groningen was forced to side with Dutch Republic. Even though Friesland never annexed Visvliet, it was de facto in control of the heerlijkheid. In 1637, it was bought by the province of Groningen.
Due to its presence near the border, a toll was established. In 1748, there was a riot and the toll was taken. In 1795, the toll was eliminated. In 1811, Visvliet became part of the municipality of Grijpskerk. From the 18th until 20th century, the economy was mainly based on brickworks and roof tile factories. In 1840, it was home to 485 people. In 2019, it became part of the municipality of Westerkwartier.

## Road

In 1842, a main road from Leeuwarden to Groningen via Visvliet was constructed (nowadays: N355 [nl]). During the 1960s, it was scheduled to become a motorway. In 1965, Visvliet was bypassed, and a 400 metres (1,300 ft) section of 2x2 road with hard shoulders was laid near the village. The Directorate-General for Public Works also purchased all the land necessary for the upgrade of the entire road. In 1975, the motorway plans were cancelled in favour of a route via Drachten. The 400 metre section remained near Visvliet until 2006 when it was finally downgraded to a single road.

## Visvliet railway station

In 1892, a railway station opened at Visvliet on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway. During the 1970s and 1980s, all railway stations in the Netherlands were serviced at least once an hour except for Visvliet which was serviced once every two hours. The building was reasonably large, and set in an endless landscape seemingly without human habitation, because the village of Visvliet was hidden from view by a forest. The building was torn down in 1982, the station closed in 1991, and in 1996, the platform which was the last trace of the railway station was demolished.
Bob den Uyl wrote Visvliet bestaat namelijk niet (Visvliet does not exist) about the railway station, Den Uyl and the former Visvliet station are featured in Theo Uittenbogaard's documentary Aan de Rand van Nederland (On the edge of the Netherlands).

## Gallery

* The church of Visvliet
* The harbour of Visvliet
* Visvliet station (1970)
* Visvliet station (2010)
# Ngā Kaihanga Uku

Ngā Kaihanga Uku is a New Zealand collective of Māori Clayworkers. They formed in 1986 during a Ngā Puna Waihanga (Māori Artists and Writers collective) gathering, under the leadership of Baye Riddell and Manos Nathan. Founding members also include Paerau Corneal, Colleen Waata Urlich and Wi Taepa.

## Contemporary Māori clay artists

Ngā Kaihanga Uku was formed to support the growing use of clay within Māori-based art practices in the 1980s. Although customary Māori society was not a ceramic culture, the intrinsic properties and physical relationship of clay being from the earth offered Māori clay artists a new avenue through which to portray Māori lives and knowledge. Hineahuone for example, who is considered to be the first human, was formed by clay at Kurawaka. As Wi Taepa states, ‘Clay is more than an artistic material, it is a blood relative. Working with it requires an understanding of the genealogical links between humanity and Papatūānuku (earth).

## Selected exhibitions

* 2013-4 Uku Rere: Ngā Kaihanga Uku & beyond Pataka Art + Museum, Whangarei Art Museum: Te Manawa Toi, The Suter Art Gallery: Te Aratoi o Whakatu, Waikato Museum: Te Whare Taonga o Waikato, Tairawhiti Museum: Te Whare Taonga o te Tairawhiti, and Te Manawa Museum of Art, Science + History, Palmerston North.
* 2003-5 Ngā Toko Rima Ngā Kaihanga Uku. Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa; Tinakori Gallery, Wellington.
* 1998 Uku! Uku! Uku! International Festival of the Arts, Wellington.
* 1994 Kurawaka The Dowse Art Museum, Lower Hutt.

## Publications

* Kedgley, H. Nicholas, D. (2013) Uku Rere: Ngā Kaihanga Uku & Beyond. Pataka Art + Museum, Porirua City.
* Urlich, Colleen Waata. (2009) Nga Kaihanga Uku: National Collective of Māori Clayworkers Dargaville NZ.
* Riddell, Baye. (2023) Ngā Kaihanga Uku Māori Clay Artists. Te Papa Press. Wellington, NZ.
# Shilpgram, Sawai Madhopur

26°1′2.39″N 76°30′9.25″E﻿ / ﻿26.0173306°N 76.5025694°E﻿ / 26.0173306; 76.5025694
The Shilpgram Museum is a craft village, situated near Ramsinghpura village, 9 km from Sawai Madhopur in India. It is a living ethnographic museum depicting the tremendous diversity in crafts, art and culture of various Indian states, especially the western part.

## Description

The foundation stone-laying ceremony of Shilpgram, Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan, was done by Bina Kak, former Hon'ble Tourism, Art, Culture, Forest and Environment Minister of Rajasthan on 26 April 2013.
Shilpgram got renovated in 2017 and is being an attractive destination for tourists where the local crafts lure the tourist to spend some time in the tranquility of Ranthambhore. Spreading over 22 acres in land, Shilpgram is a platform where regional handicraft and hand-loom products is developed. Like other Shilpgrams, for example, Udaipur Shilpgram, tourist interest as well as public utility exhibitions and craft bazaars of handicrafts and handlooms are organized by Shilpgram. Sometimes to showcase their regional cultural heritage, they also organize cultural events.
# Peddy

Peddy is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Peddy (1916–2002), American comic book and advertising artist
* George Peddy (1892–1951), American attorney, military officer, and political figure
* Giles Peddy (born 1978), English cricket player
* Shey Peddy (born 1988), American basketball player
# Vaardi

Vaardi is a village in Otepää Parish, Valga County in Estonia.
# Manual of the Mustard Seed Garden

Manual of the Mustard Seed Garden (芥子園畫傳, Jieziyuan Huazhuan), sometimes known as Jieziyuan Huapu (芥子園畫譜), is a printed manual of Chinese painting compiled during the early-Qing Dynasty. Many renowned later Chinese painters, like Qi Baishi, began their drawing lessons with the manual. It is an important early example of colour printing.
The work was commissioned by Shen Xinyou (沈心友), whose mansion in Lanxi, Zhejiang province was known as Jieziyuan, or Mustard Seed Garden. Shen possessed the teaching materials of Li Liufang (李流芳), a painter of the late-Ming dynasty, and commissioned Wang Gai [zh](王概), Wang Shi (王蓍), Wang Nie [zh] (王臬), and Zhu Sheng (诸升) to edit and expand those materials with the aim of producing a manual for landscape painting. The result was the first part of Jieziyuan Huazhuan, published in 1679, in five colours. It comprises five juan (卷) or fascicles. Li Yu, as the publisher, wrote a preface for this part. The first fascicle deals with the general principles of landscape painting, the second the painting of trees, the third that of hills and stones, the fourth that of people and houses, and the fifth comprises the selected works of great landscape painters.
The volume also entered Edo period Japan, where woodblock printed copies became relatively easily accessible in all the major cities; the Mustard Seed Garden Manual came to be used by Japanese nanga (bunjinga) artists and was an important element in the training of nanga artists and the development of nanga painting.
Two more parts, which deal with the painting of flora and fauna, were produced by Wang and his two brothers and published 1701. Shen promised a fourth part, but never published it. A fourth part, which deals with portraits, was produced by some quick profit-seeking publisher, though. Chao Xun (巢勛) (1852–1917), dissatisfied with the fake, produced his own sequel, as well as carefully reproduced the first three volumes. Reprints of the first three volumes are usually based on Chao's reproduction.
An English translation of the work, The Tao of Painting – A study of the ritual disposition of Chinese painting. With a translation of the Chieh Tzu Yuan Hua Chuan or Mustard Seed Garden Manual of Painting 1679–1701, was made by Mai-mai Sze and published in New York in 1956.
# Wild Rice Township, Norman County, Minnesota

Wild Rice Township is a township in Norman County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 334 at the 2000 census.
Wild Rice Township was organized in 1881, and named for the Wild Rice River.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.3 square miles (91.3 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 334 people, 125 households, and 93 families residing in the township. The population density was 9.5 people per square mile (3.7/km$^2$). There were 139 housing units at an average density of 3.9/sq mi (1.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.01% White, 2.69% Native American, 0.30% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.10% of the population.
There were 125 households, out of which 36.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.0% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the township the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 122.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $35,625, and the median income for a family was $41,161. Males had a median income of $29,167 versus $19,821 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,530. About 2.1% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.5% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.
# U.S. Navy Cyber Forces

The Navy Cyber Forces (CYBERFOR) was the Type Command (TYCOM) for the U.S. Navy's global cyber workforce. The headquarters was located at 115 Lake View Parkway in Suffolk, Virginia. CYBERFOR provided forces and equipment in cryptology/signals intelligence, cyber, electronic warfare, information operations, intelligence, networks, and space. Navy Cyber Forces was an operational component of the U.S. Navy Information Dominance Corps. CYBERFOR has been absorbed into the Naval Information Forces command.

## Mission

Its mission is to organize and prioritize, training, modernization, and maintenance, requirements, and capabilities of command and control architecture/networks, cryptologic and space-related systems and intelligence and information operations activities, and to coordinate with Type Commanders, to deliver interoperable, relevant and ready forces at the right time at the best cost, today and in the future.

## Organization

CYBERFOR was the U.S. Navy C5I Type Commander responsible to man, train and equip all C5I forces afloat and ashore. They reported to Fleet Forces Command.

### Reporting Commands

* Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center
* Navy Communications Security Material System Command
* Fleet Intelligence Adaptive Force (FIAFs)
* Fleet Intelligence Detachments (FIDs)
# Tureia Airport

Tureia Airport is an airport on Tureia in French Polynesia (IATA: ZTA, ICAO: NTGY).
Tureia Airport was inaugurated in 1985.

## Airlines and destinations
### Passenger

No scheduled flights as of May 2019.
# Lyonetia castaneella

Lyonetia castaneella is a moth in the Lyonetiidae family. It is found in Russia (the southern part of Primorskii Territory) and Japan.
The wingspan is 6.5–7 mm. There are two distinct forms, an aestival (summer) and autumnal form. Adults are on wing from July to August in the southern part of the Primorskii Territory.
The larvae feed on Alnus japonica, Castanea cretata and Quercus acutissima. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Nicholas Tomlinson

Nicholas Ralph Tomlinson (1803–1842) was a British Army infantry officer who commanded Her Majesty's 18th (Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot during the First Anglo-Chinese War (First Opium War). He was the second son of Vice Admiral Nicholas Tomlinson and his wife Elizabeth who lived in the county of Essex.
Nicholas Ralph Tomlinson's military career was recorded in Hart's Military Directory and other military gazettes as follows:
* Commissioned as an ensign in 18th Regiment of Foot – 22 March 1821
* Promoted to lieutenant – 21 July 1825
* Promoted to captain – 8 February 1833
* Promoted to major – 13 March 1840
* Promoted to lieutenant colonel – 23 November 1841.
Nicholas Tomlinson deployed with his regiment as part of Lieutenant General Sir Hugh Gough's force to subdue the Imperial Qing Chinese Forces resisting East India Company trading access to coastal China. The Chinese forces were numerous but often poorly equipped.
He would fight with distinction at the following engagements:
* Capture of Chusan in July 1840
* Battle of Canton in May 1841
* Battle of Amoy in August 1841
* Second Capture of Chusan in October 1841
* Battle of Ningpo in March 1842
* Battle of Tzeki in March 1842.
Lieutenant Colonel Tomlinson was killed leading his regiment at the Battle of Chapu on 2 May 1842, specifically an attack on a fortified religious building (called a Joss House by the British), which was heavily defended by Tartar soldiers. Sir Hugh Gough wrote effusively about the bravery of Nicholas Tomlinson and that he was buried at sea. His death and the death of others of his regiment is commemorated with a memorial in St Patrick's Cathedral Dublin. The 18th of foot would lose their commanding officer, a serjeant and three soldiers killed; and a further two officers, a serjeant, a drummer and 27 soldiers wounded - the 18th had the highest casualties of any of the regiments in action that day at Chapu.

## Gallery

* The 1842 China Medal (reverse side)
* The 18th (Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot at the storming of the forts of Amoy, 26 August 1841
* The attack on the 'Joss House' at Chapoo and the death of Lt Col Nicholas Tomlinson
* A depiction of the British Forces attack on the 'Joss House' at Chapu
* Tartar Spearmen - elite forces in the Chinese Army
* Tartar Bowmen - elite forces in the Chinese Army
# Shilparamam Jathara

Shilparamam Jathara is an arts and crafts village and Sculpture park located in Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam, India. The village was conceived with an idea to create an environment for the preservation of traditional crafts. There are ethnic festivals throughout the year.
Shilparamam was founded in the year 2009 by the state government. It is situated a few kilometers from the city of Visakhapatnam. Sprawling over 28 acres (110,000 m$^2$) of land in the Madhurawada, Shilparamam's main purpose is to show traditional culture to the wider population.
Shilparamam is located in beautiful natural conditions area sculpted with woodwork, jewelry, clothes and local crafts of each region of the country. Most of the artwork showcased comes from rural areas.

## Main Attractions
### Stalls

There are 36 stalls. Each stall provides a variety of traditional produce.

### Jogging Track

A jogging track is also available and it is useful for morning walkers because it has a lush green environment.

### Bird Enclosure

One of the major attractions is the Bird Enclosure with different type of birds, including Indian and international birds.

### Amphitheatre

Amphitheater has a total capacity of 1000 members. There are many cultural activities conducted at the amphitheater.

### Sculpture Park

The Sculpture Park is one of the main attraction of Shilparamam. It showcases artists' handmade sculptures.

### Night Bazaar

A night bazaar was developed in 2014. It allows visitors to shop for food and entertainment.

## Photo gallery

* Replica of a tree
* Pond at Shilparamam Jaatara
* Resting hut at Shilparamam Jaatara
* Statue of a dancer
* A replica of Alluri Sitarama Raju
* Welcome Sign at Shilparamam
* A well and replicas of village
* Cemented relief of an Asian elephant.
# Pehnaei Ghayen F.C.

Pehnaei Ghayen Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Ghayen, Iran.

## Season-by-Season

The table below shows the achievements of the club in various competitions.
| Season | League | Position | Hazfi Cup | Notes |
| 2009–10 | Khorasan Jonoobi Provincial League | 1st | | |
| 2010–11 | Khorasan Jonoobi Provincial League | | 3rd Round | |
# Uwe Cantner

Uwe Cantner (born August 2, 1960) is a German economist.

## Current positions

Since 2000 Uwe Cantner has been full professor of economics at the University of Jena, and heads the chair of Economics and Microeconomics. Economics of innovation, evolutionary economics, industrial economics, and productivity and efficiency measurement are his major fields of research.
Since 2011 he is also Professor of Economics (part-time) at the University of Southern Denmark.
On 15 October 2014 he became vice-president for young researchers and diversity management at Friedrich Schiller University Jena.
Since 2015 he is member of the Expert Commission on Research and Innovation of the German Government. He chairs this commission since May 2019.

## Education

Uwe Cantner earned a Master of Arts in economics from Wayne State University in 1984 and a Diplom from the University of Augsburg in 1985.
He received his PhD in 1990 from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich with the thesis "Product and Process Innovation in International Trade".
In 1996 he habilitated at the University of Augsburg on the topic "Heterogeneity and Spillovers - Basic Elements of a Theory of Technological Change".

## Further positions

Uwe Cantner is the director of The Jena Graduate School Human Behaviour in Social and Economic Change, and the spokesman of the (formerly DFG) Graduate College “The Economics of Innovative Change, offered jointly by Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Max Planck Institute of Economics Jena in Germany.
He was the president of International Joseph A. Schumpeter Society from 2012 to 2014.
Since 2002 he has been editor of Journal of Evolutionary Economics.
# Union dividend

The Union dividend is a term used by British unionists to describe the financial benefits which they believe that Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland derive from being countries of the United Kingdom. Politicians who argue for the existence of a Union dividend include Tony Blair, Gordon Brown, Jim Murphy, Ian Davidson, Jack McConnell, Wendy Alexander, Iain Gray and Jackie Baillie.
The idea saw increased discussion in the leadup to the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. In May 2014, the UK Government said in an analysis paper that there was a "UK dividend" worth £1,400 to each person in Scotland. This estimate was mainly based upon there being higher public spending in Scotland. The Scottish Government said that Scots would be £1,000 better off by 2030 if Scotland became an independent state, due to greater productivity and higher tax revenues. The difference between the two figures was mainly due to differing forecasts of revenue from North Sea oil.
# Wierzbiak

Wierzbiak is a river of Poland, a tributary of the Kaczawa northeast of Legnica.
# UGR

UGR may refer to:
* University of Granada
* Unified Glare Rating
* Unitized Group Ration
# Lyudmila Narbekova

Lyudmila Narbekova (born 7 April 1964) is a Russian painter and fashion designer who runs the Mordovian Erzia Museum of Visual Arts.

## Life

Narbekova was born in Saransk. She is the youngest of three sisters. In early childhood, together with a classmate, they enrolled in an art school. Her parents, were unconnected with art, did they not oppose her interests. Lyudmila had a good education and engaged in other activities including the production of school wall newspapers. She helped to prepare anatomical drawings for her elder sister, who was studying medicine.
She studied at Leningrad University after she graduated with honours from the Saransk Art School.
In 2004 she became the director of the Mordovian Erzia Museum of Visual Arts. The museum is named for the sculptor Stepan Erzia who was born in Saransk. The museum contains valuable paintings including, notably, paintings by the museum's director.
Her museum joined in with the Night at the Museum theme and they were surprised by the level of interest when they opened the museum to night time visitors. The museum continued the idea as an annual event.
In 2018 she hosted a visit by Princess Takamado who was the first member of the Japanese Royal family to visit Russia since during the first world war in 1916. The Princess was in Saransk for the FIFA world cup but she took time to visit Narbekova's museum. They toured art by Nicholas Roerich and discussed their common interest of painting. She toured the museum and was given two silk dead scarves of which one was by Narbekova.
In 2019 her own solo exhibition opened titled the "River of Time". The exhibition opened on 10 April which was her 55th birthday. The 350 visitors on the first day included Anatoly Mikhailovich Chushkin who was Moldova's minister of culture and the head of the city's administration, Vladimir Valerievich Pankov.
# Turnout (ballet)

In ballet, turnout (also turn-out) is rotation of the leg at the hips which causes the feet (and knees) to turn outward, away from the front of the body. This rotation allows for greater extension of the leg, especially when raising it to the side and rear. Turnout is an essential part of classical ballet technique.
Turnout is measured in terms of the angle between the center lines of the feet when heels are touching, as in first position. Complete turnout (a 180° angle) is rarely attainable without conditioning. Various exercises are used to improve turnout by increasing hip flexibility (to improve movement range), strengthening buttocks muscles (to enable a dancer to maintain turnout), or both.

## Physiology

In properly executed turnout, the legs must rotate at the hips. If turnout is achieved via lateral rotation in the knee joint (vs. at the hip), the knee will still face forward. This is considered to be less aesthetically pleasing and can cause knee injury.
Some dancers will use an anterior pelvic tilt (shortening the hip flexors) because hip flexion reduces the tension on the ligament and allows lateral hip rotation to occur more easily. This will however, affect the dancer's posture, since it requires the back to hyper-extend to remain upright.
The extent to which an individual can rotate their legs is largely predetermined. The degree of turnout attainable is determined by the shape of the femoral neck and the angle at which the femoral head is inserted into the hip socket, the orientation of the hip socket, the elasticity of the iliofemoral ligament, and the flexibility of the hip and thigh muscles. However, the structure of the bone may be influenced by ballet exercises before a certain period of bone development attained around the age of eleven.