# Timeline of Peshawar

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

## Prior to 19th century

* 127 CE - Purushapura becomes eastern capital of Buddhist kingdom Gandhara (approximate date).
* 978 CE - Sabaktagin defeats Jayapala.
* 1001 - 27 November: Battle of Peshawar; Mahmud of Ghazni in power.
* 1006 - Mahmud of Ghazni defeats Anandapala.
* 1180 - Mu'izz-Ud-Din Muhammad Ibn Sam in power.
* 1630 - Mohabbat Khan Mosque built.
* 1758 - 8 May: Battle of Peshawar; Marathas in power.

## 19th century

* 1809 - Mountstuart Elphinstone arrives as ambassador to Shah Shujah.
* 1810 - Wazir Bagh (garden) laid out.
* 1825 - Sikh Ranjit Singh in power.
* 1834
** Hari Singh Nalwa in power.
** Bala Hissar (fort) rebuilt.
* 1838 - Italian Paolo Avitabile in power.
* 1849
** British in power.
** Gorak Nath Temple built.
* 1850s - Grand Trunk Road Lahore-Peshawar extension constructed (approximate date).
* 1851 - Peshawar cemetery established.
* 1860 - Flood.
* 1867 - Municipality constituted.
* 1868
** British Peshawar Cantonment laid out near city.
** Population: 56,589 (city); 58,555 (municipality).
* 1881 - Population: 79,982.
* 1882 - Sethi Mohallah residence built.
* 1883 - All Saints Church opens in cantonment.
* 1891 - Population: 54,191.
* 1900
** Cunningham clock tower built.
** Edwardes College established.

## 20th century

* 1901
** City becomes capital of the North-West Frontier Province.
** Population: 95,147.
* 1906 - Victoria Hall built.
* 1907 - Peshawar Museum founded.
* 1909 - Ancient Buddhist Kanishka casket discovered by archaeologists in Shah-ji-Dheri near city.
* 1913 - Islamia College established.
* 1922 - Kapoor Haveli (residence) built.
* 1925 - Khaiber railway built.
* 1930
** 23 April: Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre.
** Novelty cinema opens.
* 1932 - Khyber Mail newspaper begins publication.
* 1934 - Landsdowne cinema opens.
* 1936 - Radio station begins broadcasting.
* 1939 - Al Falah newspaper begins publication.
* 1941
** Al-Jamiat-e-Sarhad newspaper begins publication.
** Population: 130,967.

### Independence: since 1947

* 1947 - City becomes part of the Dominion of Pakistan.
* 1948 - City becomes capital of the Peshawar province.
* 1949 - Frontier Corps military reserve headquartered in Bala Hissar (fort).
* 1950
** University of Peshawar established.
** Shahab-e-saqib and Qallandar Urdu-language newspapers begin publication.
* 1951 - Population: 151,776.
* 1954 - Khyber Medical College established.
* 1955
** City becomes part of West Pakistan.
** The Statesman English-language newspaper begins publication.
** Abasin Arts Society established.
* 1956 - City becomes part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
* 1958 - Amal newspaper begins publication.
* 1964 - Peshawar Press Club founded.
* 1965 - Bacha Khan International Airport in operation.
* 1972 - Population: 268,366.
* 1975
** Qayyum Stadium opens.
** Hayatabad suburb established.
* 1976 - Wahdat Pashto-language newspaper begins publication.
* 1977 - Shahādat newspaper begins publication.
* 1980 - May: Explosion at Jamiat Islami Afghanistan headquarters.
* 1981
** Population: 555,000.
** Kacha Garhi refugee camp established near city.
* 1982
** Jalozai Afghan refugee camp in operation.
** Afghan Islamic Press news agency established.
* 1984 - Mujāhid Wulas newspaper begins publication.
* 1985
** Karkhano Market and Nishtar Hall established.
** The Frontier Post (English-language) newspaper begins publication.
* 1987 - Frontier Times in publication (approximate date).
* 1994 - Bus hijacking.
* 1995 - Bombing.
* 1996 - Qalb-e-Asia Cultural Centre established.
* 1998 - Population: 982,816.

## 21st century

* 2004 - Peshawar Panthers cricket team formed.
* 2007 - 15 May: suicide Hotel bombing.
* 2008 - 6 September and 5 December: Bombings.
* 2009
** 5 March: Bombing at Rahman Baba shrine.
** 9 June: Pearl Continental hotel bombing.
** 9 October: Bombing in Khyber Bazaar.
** 28 October: Bombing in Mina Bazar.
** 19 November: Judicial complex bombing.
* 2010
** 5 April: attack on the United States consulate.
** 19 April: Bombing in Qissa Khwani Bazaar.
** July - August: Flood.
** Air pollution in Peshawar reaches annual mean of 111 PM2.5 and 540 PM10, much higher than recommended.
* 2011
** PIA Planetarium inaugurated.
** Saeed Book Bank closes.
** 9 March: Suicide bombing.
** 10 May: Car bombing kills a journalist.
** 12 June: Double bombing in Khyber market area.
* 2012 - 15 December: Bacha Khan International Airport attack.
* 2013
** 21 June: Suicide bombing at Shia mosque in Gulshan Colony.
** 22 September: Double suicide bombing at a church.
** 29 September: Bombing at Qissa Khwani Bazaar.
* 2014
** 2 and 11 February: Cinema bombings.
** 16 December: School massacre.
* 2015 - 13 February: Mosque attack.
* 2016 - 16 March: Bus bombing.
* 2017
** Population: 1,970,042.
** 15 February: Hayatabad bombing.
** 8 May: Bombings.
** Dengue outbreak.
** 24 November: Police vehicle attack.
** 1 December: Agricultural Directorate attack.
* 2018 - 10 July : Bombing.
* 2020 - 27 October: School boombing.
* 2022 - 4 March: Mosque attack.