OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stanislas Sorel

Stanislas Sorel (born 1803, Putanges, France; died 18 March 1871, Paris) was a French civil engineer, inventor, and chemist, raised the son of a poor clock-maker.
A poorly known aspect of Sorel early works was the development of heating appliances. In 1833 he invented an apparatus able to regulate the combustion, and therefore the temperature, in an oven. It could be considered as a first rudimentary thermostat. He applied this principle to a commercial portable stove (‘Le Cordon Bleu’) to facilitate safe and unattended cooking in the home kitchens. From these very first developments, he was intrigued by the properties of different metals, a.o. these of zinc to protect steel against corrosion.
Sorel filed a patent on 10 May 1837 for a "galvanic" method of protecting iron from rust by either coating it in a bath of molten zinc or by covering it with galvanic paint (cold galvanizing). This was the precursor of the modern hot-dip galvanizing. Sorel patent led to the industrial application and to the widespread use of the hot-dip galvanization process invented nearly one century earlier, in 1742, by the French physician and chemist Paul Jacques Malouin.
In 1857, Sorel patented a new type of paint based on zinc oxychloride and much less toxic than the then currently used lead-based paints containing ceruse, a basic carbonate of lead.
In 1867, Sorel made a new form of cement from a combination of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, which had a remarkable capacity to bond with and contain other materials. Sorel cement as it is known has been used for grindstones, tiles, artificial stone and even artificial ivory (e.g. for billiard balls). It is stronger than the more usual Portland cement.
# Stadio Gino Pistoni

Stadio Gino Pistoni is a multi-use stadium in Ivrea, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of A.S.D. Calcio Ivrea. The stadium holds 3,500 people.
45°27′59″N 7°53′3″E﻿ / ﻿45.46639°N 7.88417°E﻿ / 45.46639; 7.88417
# Stacy, Virginia

Stacy is an unincorporated community in Buchanan County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.
A post office was established at Stacy in 1892, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1961. The community was likely named for Benjamin Stacy, a settler.
# Şahintepe, Bismil

Şahintepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 126 (2022).
# Švehlík

Švehlík (feminine Švehlíková) is a Czech and Slovak surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleš Švehlík, Czech paralympic athlete
* Alois Švehlík, Czech actor
* David Švehlík, Czech actor
* Ján Švehlík, Slovak footballer
# The History of David Grieve

The History of David Grieve is a novel by Mary Augusta Ward, first published in 1892. Set in the 1860s and 1870s, the author follows the life of its titular character through four distinct parts: childhood, youth, storm and stress. The book begins with David's youth in rural Derbyshire goes on to his time as a bookseller in Manchester, his experiences and love affair in Paris, and his eventual return to Manchester as a married man. David's sister Louie is a central character.
# The Hazel and Alice Sessions

The Hazel and Alice Sessions is an album by Laurie Lewis and the Right Hands. It earned the artists a Grammy Award nomination for Best Bluegrass Album.
# Švaljkovec

Švaljkovec is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D1 highway.
* ↑ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
* ↑ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
* ↑ "Enchanting Villages In Croatia | Croatia Travel Guide". Croatia Travel Guide & Blog. 2015-12-03. Retrieved 2018-09-07.
46°05′49″N 15°54′14″E﻿ / ﻿46.09694°N 15.90389°E﻿ / 46.09694; 15.90389
* This Krapina-Zagorje County geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Mott School and Second Street School

The Mott School and Second Street School are historic former school buildings in Trenton, New Jersey. Together they cover the continuum of education in the area. The Second Street School, formerly known as the Nottingham Township School, was built in 1854 when public education was voluntary and non-standardized. The Mott School was built in stages from 1876-1911 during the era of institutionalization and centralization of public schooling. It continued in use until 1980.

## Gallery

* The Second Street School
# SmartDisk

SmartDisk may refer to:
* SmartDisk (company), computer storage manufacturer
* NetVault: SmartDisk, a backup software product
* Verbatim SmartDisk, a computer data storage product
# 1933 Swiss federal salaries referendum

A referendum on federal salaries was held in Switzerland on 28 May 1933. Voters were asked whether they approved of a federal law that would lower the salaries of federal officials on a temporary basis. The proposal was rejected by 55.1% of voters.

## Background

The referendum was an optional referendum, which only a majority of the vote, as opposed to the mandatory referendums, which required a double majority; a majority of the popular vote and majority of the cantons.

## Results

| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 411,536 | 44.9 |
| Against | 505,190 | 55.1 |
| Blank votes | 11,164 | – |
| Invalid votes | 1,959 | – |
| Total | 929,849 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,154,963 | 80.5 |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver |||
# Lost Together (Blue Rodeo album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Lost Together is the fourth studio album by Blue Rodeo. It was Bob Wiseman's last album with the band, and was the first to feature drummer Glenn Milchem, and steel guitar player Kim Deschamps.
Notable hits from the album included "Rain Down on Me," "Flying," "Already Gone" and the title track.
The album was a Juno Award nominee for Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 1993.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada in 2020, CBC Music organized and released a "Great Canadian Singalong" of the title track, with several hundred Canadians submitting video of themselves singing the song in their homes for inclusion in the final mix.

## Songs

The album's opening track, "Fools Like You", is a song Greg Keelor wrote about his disgust about continued abuse of Natives in Canada. Keelor explained in a 1992 interview: "It's about how atrocious our European forefathers were in the taking of this land and how the tradition is still continued in our present day. It was written after the Oka thing. I was freaked out and disgusted by it."
"Restless" is a song that was written about the demise of social welfare programs in America during the Ronald Reagan and George Bush administrations.

## Track listing

All songs by Greg Keelor and Jim Cuddy.
* "Fools Like You" – 4:31
* "Rain Down On Me" – 4:43
* "Restless" – 3:54
* "Western Skies" – 4:19
* "The Big Push" – 4:25
* "Willin' Fool" – 6:40
* "Already Gone" – 5:15
* "Flying" – 4:11
* “Lost Together" – 5:20
* "Where Are You Now" – 5:33
* "Last to Know" – 5:33
* "Is it You" – 3:52
* "Angels" – 7:59

## Chart performance

| Chart (1992) | Peak position |
| Canadian RPM Top Albums | 3 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification |
| Canada (Music Canada) | 2× Platinum |
# Polydora (plant)

Polydora is a genus of plants belonging to the family Asteraceae, consisting of some 8 species. The genus is related to Vernonia and is native to Sub-Saharan Africa.

## Species

* Polydora angustifolia (Steetz) H.Rob.
* Polydora bainesii (Oliv. & Hiern) H.Rob.
* Polydora chloropappa (Baker) H.Rob.
* Polydora jelfiae (S.Moore) H.Rob.
* Polydora poskeana (Vatke & Hildebr.) H.Rob.
* Polydora serratuloides (DC.) H.Rob.
* Polydora steetziana (Oliv. & Hiern) H.Rob.
* Polydora sylvicola (G.V.Pope) H.Rob.
# Staib LB-2

The Staib LB-2, also called the Little Bastard, Little Bit and The Monster, is a homebuilt aircraft design of Wilbur Staib. It once held the title as the "worlds smallest monoplane".

## Design and development

Wilbur Staib (1914-1993) was a self-taught aircraft designer from Diamond, Missouri. Staib served as a flight instructor during the Second World War at Chanute, Kansas flying PT-14s. Staib designed and built five different "LB" (Little Bastard) aircraft and a helicopter, of which several had the title "world's smallest" at their time of construction. Staib flew his aircraft in airshows with the title "The Diamond Wizard".
The LB-2 is a single engine low-wing, open cockpit monoplane with conventional landing gear. LB-2 was the considered the "World's Smallest Monoplane" when built to take the title from Ray Stits 8 ft (2.4 m) span aircraft. The wing section was adapted from a Piper Cub airfoil.

## Operational history

The LB-2 was flown at near top speed, with stalls untested. The roll rate was good, but turns were difficult. Landing speed was 120 mph (193 km/h). The fuselage was disassembled in 1953 to build the Staib LB-3 biplane.
The LB-3 used new 14 ft (4.3 m) span wings made in the same fashion as Staib's LB-1 with brazed steel spring wing ribs with Taylorcraft airfoil sections. The aircraft cruised at 125 mph (201 km/h) and operated on the airshow circuit for two years. Cliff Baker operated the aircraft one more season, suffering a broken back after a high-speed incident.

## Variants
### Staib LB-3

    Biplane built from fuselage of the LB-2

### Staib LB-5

    "Little Bit" Volkswagen powered variant. One on display at the Mid-America Air Museum.

## Specifications (Staib LB-1)

Data from Air Trails
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 11 ft (3.4 m)
* Wingspan: 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m)
* Wing area: 31 sq ft (2.9 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: Clark Y
* Empty weight: 390 lb (177 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 5 U.S. gallons (19 L; 4.2 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental C-85 horizontally opposed piston aircraft engine
Performance
* Maximum speed: 140 kn (160 mph, 260 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 130 kn (150 mph, 240 km/h)
* Stall speed: 100 kn (120 mph, 190 km/h) est.
* Endurance: 1 h
# Šušu Gioro

Šušu Gioro (舒舒觉罗，pinyin: Shushu Jueluo) was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Gioro Hala . The other families belonging to the Gioro family were: Aisin Gioro, the ruling clan from 1644 to 1912, Irgen Gioro and Sirin Gioro. The clan descended from Shushu clan dating back to the times of Giocangga. During the reign of Nurhaci, Shushu clan was included into Gioro family. The clan belonged to the Bordered Blue Banner, like another collateral Gioro clansmen. Modern-day descendants sinicized their surnames into Zhao (赵), Shu (舒), Zeng (曾), Gong (贡), Cong (从), Jiang and She.
As a common noun in the Manchu language, the word šušu means "sorghum." This word is identical to Korean 슈슈 sjusju > 수수 susu ("sorghum") and Mandarin Chinese 薥黍 shǔshǔ ("sorghum").

## Males

* Mingde (明德), served as fifth rank literary official (员外郎)

## Females

Princess Consort
* Secondary Consort
** Yunti's secondary consort, the mother of Hongchun (1703–1739), Princess (1705–1729), Lady (1706–1761) and Princess (1707–1776)
* Concubine
** Changning's concubine, the mother of Manduhu (1674–1731) and fifth daughter (1677 – 1678 or 1679)
# Mount Shiomi

Mt. Shiomi (塩見岳, Shiomi-dake) is a mountain located in the centre of the Akaishi Mountains−Southern Alps, within Minami Alps National Park, Japan. It is on the border of Shizuoka and Nagano Prefectures. It is one of the 100 Famous Japanese Mountains.
At 3,047 m tall, it is the 16th tallest mountains and hills of Japan. There is the mountaineering route on from a ridge in Akaishi Mountains.

## History

* 1902 - Toranosuke Ienaka climbed the top for the Surveying investigation. Afterwards, the Triangulation station was set up in the peak on the west side.
* 1964 - The Mount Shiomi region was specified for the new Minami Alps National Park.
* 1977 - Shiomi mountain hut was built on the west of the summit .

## Gallery

* Shiomi Mountain hut and Mount Shiomi (seen from west)
* Mount Shiomi seen from Mount Eboshi (seen from south)
* Mount Shiomi seen from Mount Kōmori (seen from southeast)
* Mount Shiomi seen from Kogōchi (seen from south)
# Synthetic paper

Synthetic paper is a material made out of synthetic resin which is made to have properties similar to regular paper.
Synthetic paper is usually made out of either biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The applications include paper for labels (thus that can bond with ink) and non-label paper. The products can be highly water resistant, flexible, durable and tear resistant.
To the polypropylene resin can be added calcium carbonate.
The market for synthetic paper includes packaged food and beverage consumption and cosmetics industries.

## Notable manufacturers

* MGX
* PPG Industries
* Yupo Corporation
* DuPont
* Seiko Epson Corporation
* AGFA-Gevaert N.V. Corporation
* Cosmo Synthetic Paper
# Yorkicystis

Yorkicystis is a genus of edrioasteroid echinoderm that lived 510 million years ago in the Cambrian aged Kinzers Formation in what is now Pennsylvania. This genus is important as it provides some of the oldest evidence of echinoderms losing their hard mineralized outer skeletons. Yorkicystis also shows that some echinoderms lost their skeletons during the Cambrian, which is a greatly different time as to when most other species lost theirs.

## Discovery

Fossils of this genus were first discovered in May 2017 by Christopher Haefner in a churchyard in York, Pennsylvania in shale deposits in the Emigsville Member of the Kinzers Formation. Two specimens were found, and numbered NHMUK EE 1659-1660. Aside from Yorkicystis other echinoderms like Lepidocystis and Camptostroma have been found in the formation. The species name is in honor of Haefner, who discovered the fossils, and the genus name is derived from the town of York.

## Description

Yorkicystis is unique because it has a non-mineralized skeleton. Most echinoderm groups around today like starfish and sea urchins have a mineralized skeleton, and others like derived crinoids and holothurians (sea cucumbers) have one, but it is greatly reduced.

## Classification

Placement of Yorkicystis :
Echinodermata
Helicoplacus
Helicocystis
Stromatocystites
Titanocrinus
Apektocrinus
Lepidocystis
Vyscystis
Ridersia
Gogia
Argodiscus
Isorophus
Kailidiscus
Yorkicystis :
Placement of Yorkicystis in Echinodermata found by Zamora et al., 2022 Not all of the echinoderms are edrioasteroids with some being Edrioasteroids, Blastozoa, Crinoids, Helicocystoid and Helicoplacoid). :
Yorkicystis is a member of the edrioasteroidea, a class of echinoderms that lived by cementing themselves to hard surfaces like hardgrounds, and sometimes to living creatures like brachiopods. These are some of the oldest echinoderms in the fossil record with some species having been found in Cambrian aged sediments, and possibly Ediacaran sediments in the form of Arkarua (but the taxonomy of those specimens has been quite controversial). In the 2022 paper, researchers found Yorkicystis to form a larger clade with edrioasteroids Isorophus, Argodiscus, and Kailidiscus. Due to its unique appearance and age, Yorkicystis was placed in the new family Yorkicystitidae.

## Paleoecology

The Kinzers Formation dates from the middle Dyeran to the Delamaran stage of the middle Cambrian. The formation was identified by the presence of Wanneria walcottana and Olenellus roddyi found in the same deposits. High quality fossil specimens were obtained from the Noah Getz Quarry, one mile north of Rohrerstown, Pennsylvania, but the quarry location is overgrown and disturbed by development. The fossils are from the Emigsville Member and include the trilobites Olenellus thompson, Olenellus roddyi, and Wanneria walcottana. The radiodont Lenisicaris pennsylvanica, and the bivalved arthropod Tuzoia getzi. Also found is the bizarre frondose organism Margaretia dorus.
# Snake River (Colorado)

The Snake River is a short tributary of the Blue River, approximately 15 miles (24 km) long, in central Colorado in the United States. It drains a mountainous area on the west side of the Front Range in southeastern Summit County east of Keystone.
It rises near the continental divide near Webster Pass along the Summit-Park county line and descends through a steep canyon to the north past the former mining camp of Montezuma, then turns west to flow past Keystone, where it joins the Blue from the east as an arm of Dillon Reservoir.
# Shamixanthone

Shamixanthone is a chemical compound, classified as a prenylated xanthone, that has been isolated from several species of Aspergillus, including Aspergillus turkensis.
# 1933 Syracuse Orangemen football team

The 1933 Syracuse Orangemen football team represented Syracuse University in the 1933 college football season. The Orangemen were led by fourth-year head coach Vic Hanson and played their home games at Archbold Stadium in Syracuse, New York.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 7 | Clarkson | Archbold StadiumSyracuse, NY | W 52–0 | 15,000 |
| October 14 | Ohio Wesleyan | Archbold StadiumSyracuse, NY | W 40–0 | 20,000 |
| October 21 | at Cornell | Schoellkopf FieldIthaca, NY | W 14–7 | 26,000 |
| October 28 | at Michigan State | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | L 3–27 | 9,000 |
| November 4 | Penn State | Archbold StadiumSyracuse, NY (rivalry) | W 12–6 | 10,000 |
| November 11 | at Brown | Brown StadiumProvidence, RI | L 7–10 | 5,000 |
| November 18 | Colgate | Archbold StadiumSyracuse, NY (rivalry) | L 3–13 | 16,000 |
| November 25 | at Columbia | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 0–16 | 30,000 |
# Polydore (disambiguation)

Polydore is a given name, a form of Polydorus. It may refer to:
Given name:
* Polydore Beaufaux (1829–1905), Belgian painter
* Polydore Beaulac (1893–1981), politician in the Quebec, Canada
* Count Maeterlinck Maurice Polydore Marie Bernard (1862–1949), Belgian playwright, poet, and essayist
* Polydore de Keyser (1832–1898), lawyer and Roman Catholic Lord Mayor of London
* Moïse Polydore Millaud (1813–1871), journalist, banker and entrepreneur who founded Le Petit Journal
* Charles Polydore de Mont (1857–1931), Belgian writer and poet
* Frederick Polydore Nodder (1770–1800), English flora and fauna illustrator, copperplate engraver, miniature painter
* Hippolyte and Polydore Pauquet, French brothers and natural history illustrators
* Polydore Plasden, one of the Catholic Forty Martyrs of England and Wales (died 1591)
* Jean Louis Florent Polydore Roux (1792–1833), French painter and naturalist
* Polydore Veirman (1881–1951), Belgian rower who won two Olympic silver medals
* Polydore Vergil (1470–1555), Italian humanist scholar, historian, priest and diplomat, who spent most of his life in England
Music:
# Volume–price trend

Volume–price trend (VPT) (sometimes price–volume trend) is a technical analysis indicator intended to relate price and volume in the stock market. VPT is based on a running cumulative volume that adds or subtracts a multiple of the percentage change in share price trend and current volume, depending upon the investment's upward or downward movements.

## Formula

    ${\text{VPT}}={\text{VPT}}_{\text{prev}}+{\text{volume}}\times {{\text{close}}_{\text{today}}-{\text{close}}_{\text{prev}} \over {\text{close}}_{\text{prev}}}$
VPT total, i.e. the zero point, is arbitrary. Only the shape of the resulting indicator is used, not the actual level of the total.
VPT is similar to on-balance volume (OBV), but where OBV takes volume just according to whether the close was higher or lower, VPT includes how much higher or lower it was.
VPT is interpreted in similar ways to OBV. Generally, the idea is that volume is higher on days with a price move in the dominant direction, for example in a strong uptrend more volume on up days than down days. So, when prices are going up, VPT should be going up too, and when prices make a new rally high, VPT should too. If VPT fails to go past its previous rally high then this is a negative divergence, suggesting a weak move.

## Similar indicators

Other price × volume indicators:
* Money Flow Index
* On-balance volume
* Accumulation/distribution index
# Volumetric production payment

A volumetric production payment (VPP) deal is a means of financing that has been used in the oil and gas industry for several decades. A VPP involves the owner of an oil and gas property selling a percentage of their production in exchange for an upfront cash payment. Typically, smaller exploration and production companies are seen utilizing VPP agreements as it allows them to raise capital while retaining full ownership of their property and not diluting their company’s equity position.

## Mining sector

In 2004, mining entrepreneur Ian Telfer created Silver Wheaton which aimed to apply volumetric production payment transactions to the mining sector. The business model came to be known as metal streaming and structures VPP transactions in such a way that an upfront payment is exchanged for a percentage of metal production, with a fixed payment being made for each ounce of metal delivered. The model has proven to be wildly successful as Silver Wheaton became a multibillion-dollar company within a few years of operation. Franco Nevada Corp., Royal Gold Inc. and Sandstorm Gold Ltd. are other companies that have deployed the metal streaming business model.
In the oil and gas industry Chesapeake Energy is the most visible user of VPPs, having raised around $5 billion in operating capital since 2008 without creating debt on its books or diluting shareholders by issuing more stock. Under a VPP a bank or hedge fund actually purchases and receives title to a portion of the mineral reserves in an oil and gas lease or group of leases. This raises legal issues when the VPP seller (usually the operator of the lease(s) and subject to a joint operating agreement with its co tenants) sells and conveys a portion of the mineral reserves in place in which it owns an undivided interest and then retains for itself all of the upfront VPP cash payment without sharing it with its co tenants (other working interest owners).
VPPs are carefully structured as sales of real property interests to satisfy IRS and FASB rules and standards to defer taxable gains to the VPP seller and protect the VPP buyer in the event of the seller's bankruptcy. The mineral reserves are conveyed by the VPP seller to the VPP purchaser in legal instruments that are recorded in the counties where the mineral reserves are located.
# Vyacheslav Kononov

Vyacheslav Kononov was a Soviet sprint canoer who competed in the late 1960s. He won three medals in the K-2 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, two golds (1970, 1971) and a bronze (1974).
# Víctor Montiel

Víctor Manuel Montiel Comparán (born 21 February 1971) is a Mexican football manager and former player.
# Víctor Mora (comics)

Víctor Mora (6 June 1931 – 17 August 2016) was a Spanish comic book writer.
Born in Barcelona, Mora created and wrote the series Capitán Trueno, El Jabato, Dani Futuro [es; de; it] (art by Carlos Giménez), El Cosaco Verde, and El Corsario de Hierro, Chroniques de l'innomé Collection Pilote, drawn by Luis García.

## Sources

* (in Spanish) Entrevista con Víctor Mora Archived 2008-11-19 at the Wayback Machine
* This article about a Catalan writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This profile of a comics writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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