OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michael C. Polt

Michael Christian Polt (born 1954) is an American diplomat. He served as the U.S. Ambassador to Estonia from 2009 to 2012 and as U.S. Ambassador to Serbia and Montenegro from 2004 to 2006 and its successor state Serbia from 2006 to 2007. Currently he is a senior director at the McCain Institute.

## Early life and education

Polt was born in 1954 Austria during the Allied occupation there following World War II. Michael attended the American International School of Düsseldorf (Germany), graduating in 1972. He holds a bachelor's degree and an Honorary Doctorate from American International College in Springfield, Massachusetts, and a master's degree in Public Administration from the University of Tennessee.

## Career

Polt assumed his position as a Senior Director of the McCain Institute for International Leadership on October 1, 2012, after concluding his 35-year diplomatic career and following his last assignment as the U.S. ambassador to Estonia in late 2009. Polt also served previously as U.S. Ambassador to Serbia and Montenegro and its successor state Serbia after the former disbanded. Prior to his ambassadorial missions, the Ambassador was Principal Deputy and Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs in the Powell and Clinton State Departments.
During his three decades as a career diplomat, Polt served as U.S. Minister and Deputy Chief of Mission of the U.S. Embassy in Berlin, Germany and Deputy Chief of Mission and Charge’ d’ Affaires of the U.S. Embassy in Bern, Switzerland. He has also served as Senior Advisor to the Director General of the Foreign Service for Management Reform and was a key member of the Senior Management Steering Board directing the State Department's 2003 to 2005 multi-million dollar reinvention of its Diplomatic Communications System.
Polt has held other senior positions in the Department of State, as Deputy Director for European Security and Arms Control issues, and in Panama City as Political Counselor of the U.S. Embassy during the time leading up to the U.S. military action against the Noriega regime in 1989. During his earlier career, Polt was assigned to Embassies in Bonn, Mexico City, and Copenhagen, as well as the U.S. Consulate in Bremen, Germany.
Polt has been the repeated recipient of the Presidential Meritorious Service Award and numerous Department of State Meritorious and Superior Honor Awards for Outstanding Policy Leadership, Management, Crisis Performance, and Political Analysis. He has been awarded the Thomas Jefferson Award for Service to U.S. Citizens Overseas by American Citizens Abroad. He is a member of the Board of the Baltic American Freedom Foundation and member of the American Academy of Diplomacy as well as the American Foreign Service Association.

## Personal life

Both Polt and his Pennsylvanian wife Hallie live in Fairfax County, Virginia. They have two grown children, Nicholas and Lindsay. The Polts enjoy sailing and skiing for relaxation and a good cup of coffee with time to savor it.

## Honors

* Estonia : Recipient First Class of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (27.06.2012, serie 1029 - decision n° 112)
# Michael Hopkins

Michael or Mike Hopkins may refer to:

## Sports

* Mike Hopkins (baseball) (1872–1952), baseball player
* Mike Hopkins (basketball) (born 1969), American basketball coach who played at Syracuse
* Michael Hopkins (basketball) (born 1960), American former basketball coach who played at Coastal College

## Other people

* Michael Hopkins (architect) (1935–2023), English architect
* Michael J. Hopkins (born 1958), American mathematician
* Michael S. Hopkins (born 1968), NASA astronaut
* Mike Hopkins (sound editor) (1959–2012), sound editor for The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers and King Kong
* Mike Hopkins (politician), member of the Montana House of Representatives
# Gaius Marcius Figulus (consul 162 BC)

Gaius Marcius Figulus was a politician of the Roman Republic who served as praetor in 169 BC, Roman consul in 162 BC, and again as consul in 156 BC. Upon being elected to the praetorship in 169 BC, Figulus received command of the Roman fleets by lot. Later that year, he transported the consul, Quintus Marcius Philippus, to Ambracia so that he could assume command of Roman forces fighting the Third Macedonian War. Figulus himself sailed on to Creusa, then crossed Boeotia by land in a single day to join the rest of the fleet at Chalcis. The only other mention Livy makes of Figulus is a reference to his having assigned part of the fleet to winter quarters at Sciathus, and the remainder at Oreum, in Euboea, which he judged the best location to maintain supply lines to the army in Macedon.
Figulus became consul for the first time in 162 BC, but he and his colleague Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum abdicated when something went wrong with the auspices.
# Šebetov

Šebetov is a municipality and village in Blansko District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.
Šebetov lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north of Blansko, 40 km (25 mi) north of Brno, and 176 km (109 mi) east of Prague.
# Pieta prayer booklet

The Pieta prayer booklet is a book of Roman Catholic prayers. The prayers in this collection date back to the 18th century.
Most of the prayers were first published in Toulouse, France in 1740 and over time gathered a strong following. Pope Pius IX learned of them almost a century later, and approved them in 1862.
# İkizdere (disambiguation)

İkizdere is a town in Rize Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey.
İkizdere may also refer to the following settlements in Turkey:
* İkizdere District, a district of Rize Province
* İkizdere, Damal, a village in Ardahan Province
* İkizdere, Midyat, a neighbourhood in Mardin Province
* İkizdere, İncirliova, a neighbourhood in Aydın Province
* İkizdere Dam, a dam in Aydın Province
# İkizler

İkizler can refer to:
* İkizler, İnebolu
* İkizler, Tercan
# Pietro Scandellari

Pietro Scandellari (1711–1789) was an Italian painter and scenic designer.
He was born in Bologna, and trained under Francesco Galli Bibiena, mainly as a decorative painter for churches. His brothers Giuseppe and Giulio were also painters. The brothers Filippo (1717–1801) and Giacomo Antonio were sculptors. Filippo studied under his father, the sculptor Giacomo Scandellari, and later Angelo Pio. Filippo was named to the Clementine Academy.
He painted a Nativity at San Mattia in Bologna with Pietro Faccini and Niccola Bertuzzi.
At the Basilica di Santa Maria dei Servi of Bologna, he painted ornament around a painting by Vittorio Bigari. One of his pupils was Giuseppe Jarmorini. He also painted in the church of San Procolo, Bologna.
# Ryan Fann

Ryan Fann is a Paralympic athlete from the United States competing mainly in category T44 sprint events.
Fann finished third place in the 400 meters race at the 2004 Summer Paralympics behind winner, fellow American Danny Andrews, whom he teamed up with as part of the gold medal-winning American 4 × 400 m. He is the T44 world record holder of the now defunct race, the 60-meter dash.
He is a co-founder of Amputee Blade Runners.
# Warnham SSSI

Warnham SSSI is a 28.5-hectare (70-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Horsham in West Sussex. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.
This site exposes rocks of the Weald Clay Group, dating to the Lower Cretaceous around 130 million years ago. It preserves fossil plants from freshwater and brackish-marine environments.
The site is private land with no public access.
# Tariq Mahmood

Tariq Mahmood or Mehmood may refer to:
* Tariq Mahmood (cricketer)
* Tariq Mahmood (detainee)
* Tariq Mahmood (judge)
* Tariq Mehmood, Pakistani military officer
# Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/9

The Piano Sonata in F major, Hob. XVI/9, L.3, also called a divertimento, was written before 1766 (perhaps in 1758) by Joseph Haydn. The 1st and 3rd movements are used as the 1st and 5th movements respectively of the Piano Trio in F major, Hob. XV/39. The Minuet of the 2nd movement is also used as the Minuet of the 4th movement of Hob. XV/39.

## Structure

The work has three movements:
* I. Allegro
* II. Minuet & Trio
* III. Scherzo

## Notable recordings

* Tom Beghin's The Virtual Haydn: Complete Works for Solo Keyboard.
# Pristaulacus occidentalis

Pristaulacus occidentalis is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Pristaulacus occidentalis:
* Pristaulacus occidentalis lavatus (Townes, 1950)
* Pristaulacus occidentalis occidentalis (Cresson, 1879)
# Perović

Perović (Serbian Cyrillic: Перовић, pronounced) — transliterated as Perovic or Perovich, meaning "son of Pero" — is a Montenegrin, Serbian and Croatian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ana Perović (born 1977), basketball player
* Darko Perović (born 1965), comics artist
* Dragan Perović, alpine skier
* Drago Perović (1888–1968), Croatian anatomist
* Ivo Perović (1882–1958), politician
* Kosta Perović (born 1985) Serbian basketball player of Montenegrin descent
* Latinka Perović (born 1933), communist politician and historian
* Marko Perović (born 1972), footballer
* Marko Perović (born 1984), footballer
* Miodrag Perović, Montenegrin journalist, businessman, and university professor
* Sandra Perović, Serbian television author, film critic, journalist
* Slavko Perović (born 1934), prominent Serbian and Yugoslav singer
* Slavko Perović (born 1954), Montenegrin politician
* Slavko Perović (footballer) (born 1989), Serbian footballer
* Val Perovic (born 1953), Australian rules footballer
* Vasa Perović (born 1965), Slovenian architect
* Vukan Perović (born 1952), footballer
# Limoniopsis

Limoniopsis is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae.
Its native range is Turkey to Caucasus.
Species:
* Limoniopsis davisii Bokhari
* Limoniopsis owerinii (Boiss.) Lincz.
# Waverley Girls' High School

Waverley Girls' High School is a public school for girls located in the suburb of Waverley in Johannesburg, South Africa.

## History
### Early history

Plans for building the school started back in 1952, and the school was completed in 1953. It finally opened in 1955.

## Alumni

* Paula Slier, television, radio and print journalist, news editor, and war correspondent.
# İkizdere, İncirliova

İkizdere is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of İncirliova, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 315 (2022).
# Galeria Echo

Galeria Echo is a shopping centre in Kielce in Southern Poland. The centre was developed by the Echo Investment.

## Cinema

The centre includes a Helios with seven cinema halls and over 1600 seats.
* This article about a Polish building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a shopping mall is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Washington Shirley, 8th Earl Ferrers

Washington Shirley, 8th Earl Ferrers (13 November 1760 – 2 October 1842), styled The Honourable Washington Shirley from 1778 to 1827, was a British hereditary peer.

## Early life and education

Ferrers was the third son of Robert Shirley, 6th Earl Ferrers and his wife Catherine Cotton. He was educated at Westminster School.
On 19 May 1780, he was appointed a cupbearer in the Royal Household, but this sinecure was abolished on 14 November 1782.

## Later life

Ferrers succeeded his elder brother, Robert, in the earldom in 1827.
On 13 July 1832, he was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Leicestershire.

## Marriages and children

Shirley married Frances Ward (d. 4 March 1812), daughter of The Reverend William Ward and granddaughter of William Ward, on 24 July 1781 at Gretna Green. They had one son and two daughters:
* Lady Frances Shirley (23 March 1782 – 5 February 1834), unmarried
* Robert William Shirley, Viscount Tamworth (24 August 1783 – 2 February 1830), married Anne Weston on 12 December 1821, with whom he had two sons and a daughter:
** Hon Rosamond Anne Myrtle Shirley (25 September 1818 – 2 April 1865), married Hon Henry Hanbury-Tracy on 19 January 1841
** Washington Sewallis Shirley, 9th Earl Ferrers (3 January 1822 – 13 March 1859)
** Lt Hon Robert William Devereux Shirley (14 December 1825 – 4 June 1849), 87th Foot
* Julia Anne Shirley (6 February 1785 – 23 November 1825)
After the death of his first wife, Ferrers married Sarah Davy (d. 30 June 1835) on 28 September 1829. They had no children.

## Death

Lord Ferrers died at Chartley on 2 October 1842 at the age of 81 and was buried at Staunton Harold. His only son having predeceased him, Ferrers was succeeded in the earldom by his grandson, Washington.
# Technology Centre of New Jersey

The Technology Centre of New Jersey is a science park in North Brunswick Township, New Jersey, United States, established by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority as a high technology business incubator. It can accommodate individual research and laboratory facilities up to 60,000 square feet (5,600 m$^2$), complete with clean rooms and wet labs.
# Pierre Eugène Ménétrier

Pierre Eugène Ménétrier (7 December 1859 – 22 August 1935) was a French pathologist from Paris. He is remembered for his description of a rare gastric disorder that was later to become known as Ménétrier's disease.
In 1888 Ménétrier first described the disorder while performing post-mortem studies, noticing hyperplastic changes of the gastric mucosa in cadavers. At the time, he named the disease polyadenomes en nappe. Although Ménétrier understood the debilitative factors of the disease, it wouldn't be until years later that the associated protein-losing enteropathic aspects of the disorder were realized. Other names for "Ménétrier's disease" are "hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy" and "giant hypertrophic gastritis". He published his findings in a treatise titled Des polyadenomes gastriques et de leurs rapports avec le cancer de l’estomac.
Ménétrier published writings on Byzantine and Greco-Roman medicine, and was a member of the International Society for the History of Medicine. In 1935 he died from injuries sustained in an automobile accident in Lisieux.
# Pristaulacus montanus

Pristaulacus montanus is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae occurring in North America.
# Peter Hackett

Peter Hackett may refer to:
* Peter Hackett (frontiersman) (ca. 1763–1828), American frontiersman
* Peter Hackett (racing driver), Australian motorsport racer
* Peter Hackett (mountaineer), American mountaineer and physician
# Lisa C. Richardson

Lisa C. Richardson is an American physician who is the Director of CDC Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. She is responsible for the Colorectal Cancer Control Program, the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, the National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program, and the National Program of Cancer Registries.

## Early life and education

Richardson earned her bachelor's and medical degrees at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Howard University. Whilst at UNC, she was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society. She moved to the University of Michigan School of Public Health for graduate studies, where she earned a master's degree in public health. Richardson was an oncology fellow at the University of Florida College of Medicine.

## Research and career

In 1997, Richardson joined the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). She was appointed medical director of the CDC National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Programme. The initiative provided cancer screening for low income, uninsured women. In 1998, she was made medical director of the CDC blood disorder division. In this capacity she evaluated HIV and hepatitis infections amongst people with haemophilia. She joined the faculty at the University of Florida in 2000, where she spent four years before returning to the CDC. She was appointed to the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control in 2010, where she oversees a $380 million annual budget.
Richardson serves on the faculty at the University of Southern California, where she specializes in trans-care and eating disorders in athletes.

## Selected publications

* Gery P Guy; Cheryll C Thomas; Trevor Thompson; Meg Watson; Greta M Massetti; Lisa C Richardson; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1 June 2015). "Vital signs: melanoma incidence and mortality trends and projections - United States, 1982-2030". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 64 (21): 591–596. ISSN 0149-2195. PMC 4584771. PMID 26042651. Wikidata Q34479259.
* Arica White; Trevor D Thompson; Mary C White; Susan A Sabatino; Janet de Moor; Paul V Doria-Rose; Ann M Geiger; Lisa C Richardson (3 March 2017). "Cancer Screening Test Use - United States, 2015". Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 66 (8): 201–206. doi:10.15585/MMWR.MM6608A1. ISSN 0149-2195. PMC 5657895. PMID 28253225. Wikidata Q38933266.
* Lisa C Richardson; Lori A Pollack (1 January 2005). "Therapy insight: Influence of type 2 diabetes on the development, treatment and outcomes of cancer". Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. 2 (1): 48–53. doi:10.1038/NCPONC0062. ISSN 1743-4254. PMID 16264856. Wikidata Q36303910.
# Michael Hanack

Georg Michael Hanack (22 October 1931 – 6 November 2019) was a professor of chemistry at the University of Tübingen in Germany.

## Life and career

Hanack was born in Luckenwalde on 22 October 1931. From 1949 to 1954 he studied chemistry, philosophy and economics at the universities of Freiburg, Bonn and Tübingen, and obtained his Diplomchemiker degree in 1954. In 1957, he completed his thesis under the supervision of Walter Hückel on "Solvolyse der Toluolsulfonate der stereoisomeren cis-alpha-Hydrindanole und Beiträge zur Messmethodik" (Solvolysis of toluenesulfonates of stereoisomeric cis-alpha-hydrindanoles and contributions to the methodology of kinetic measurements).
After being an assistant to Hückel from 1957 to 1958, Hanack conducted his own research on topics such as organofluorine chemistry, organic chemistry and stereochemistry. After his habilitation in 1961, he was granted the title Privatdozent when he was only 31 years old, at that time one of the youngest Privatdozenten in Germany. He was promoted to Professor extraordinarius at the University of Tübingen in 1968 and was offered the chair as professor of organic chemistry and head of the department at the Saarland University in 1970. In April 1975 he returned to the University of Tübingen as professor of organic chemistry, succeeding Eugen Müller. He was there also dean of the Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy from 1981 to 1983, and head of the Department of Chemistry from 1995 to 2001. From 2001 to 2019 he was Professor emeritus and continued his research work.

## Research fields

Hanack researched:
* Organic fluorine compounds and perfluorinated pyrethroids
* Stereochemistry and conformational analysis
* Organic reaction mechanisms and chemistry of vinyl and phenyl cations
* Synthesis of macroheterocyclic transition metal complexes (such as phthalocyanines) as intrinsic organic conductors ("shish-kebab" polymers)
* Compounds with magnetic and non-linear optical properties

## Selected publications

* Fluorverbindungen der Terpenreihe: Reaktionen des Fluorwasserstoffs mit Doppelbindungen und Dreiringen, Tübingen, 1962
* Hanack, Michael (1965). Conformation theory. New York: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-322550-4. OCLC 545393.
* Stang, Peter (1979). Vinyl cations. New York: Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-663780-9. OCLC 5410540. online at Elsevier
* Michael Hanack, Siegmar Roth, Hermann Schier: Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals, 1991

## Working group

In his function as doctoral advisor, he had more than 230 doctoral students in addition to many postdoctoral students and guest researchers who studied in his laboratory.

## Editorial work

* 1982–2003: Editorial Board of Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry (Thieme Medical Publishers)
* 1985–1998: Editorial Advisory Board of Synthesis (journal) (Thieme Medical Publishers)
* 1999–2008: Honorary Advisory Board of Synthesis (journal) (Thieme Medical Publishers)
* 2004–2008: Editorial Board of Synthetic Metals (Elsevier)
* since 1997: Editorial Board of Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines (John Wiley & Sons, World Scientific)
# Čika Mišo

Husein Hasani (22 December 1931 – 6 January 2014) was the last shoeshiner in the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was popular with Sarajevans and was known by all as "Čika Mišo" (Uncle Mišo).

## Background and personal life

Uncle Mišo was born Husein Hasani in 1931 in Uroševac, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He had eight or nine siblings, and was the last living of all the Hasani children.
He was an ethnic Kosovar Roma and moved to Bosnia with his family as a teenager in 1946, just after the end of World War II. The nickname Mišo was given to him by his Hungarian boxing coach, who could not pronounce his name. He had said that his true love was boxing.
His wife, Džemila, predeceased him.

## Shoeshiner

In 1952, Mišo took over the job of shoe-shiner from his father, a job he would keep until his death six decades later. He was the last one to keep up with the traditional trade, which has deep roots in Bosnia, inherited from the centuries-long Ottoman rule of the region. His original "base" was in front of the Marijin Dvor building. He later moved himself to Marshal Tito Street, about twenty years before his death.
He sat on his chair on the sidewalk throughout the Siege of Sarajevo during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995, avoiding sniper fire. During the war years, he could hardly be convinced to move to a shelter during the shelling. Despite food shortages and poverty during the war, he always kept treats for Sarajevo's stray dogs, which he called his "faithful comrades" in the streets.
In the 2000s, Mišo appeared in three episodes of popular Bosnian TV series Viza za budućnost, where he played himself.
In 2009, Mišo was awarded a medal for merit by city authorities, as well as an apartment and a pension.
In an interview, he said: "There were shoe-cleaners in every street when I started and now, I'm the only one, why? Because I have been brave and people laughed at my jokes."

## Death

Uncle Mišo died of a heart attack in the morning hours of 6 January 2014 at the age of 82. The mayor of Sarajevo Ivo Komšić called Misho a "symbol of the city" of Sarajevo and stated that his death had left the city "emptier". Upon his death, the chair where he sat daily was adorned with candles, roses and shoes by passers-by.
He was buried in a graveyard in Vlakovo on 8 January 2014.
The day after his death, a petition calling for a memorial to be placed in the spot where he sat everyday was started on Facebook. On 11 January 2014, the workers of the McDonald's fast food restaurant in front of the spot where he worked paid for and set up a commemorative plaque that reads: "Here worked čika Mišo, the last shoe-shiner in Sarajevo. Husein Hasani 1931–2014."
# Gallinago kakuki

Gallinago kakuki is a prehistoric species of snipe in the family Scolopacidae that was once endemic to the West Indies. Fossils of this species are known from the Bahamas, Cuba, and Cayman Brac in the Cayman Islands.
Gallinago kakuki was a rather large species of snipe that was able to fly despite having slightly more reduced flight capabilities than its relatives. It shared more osteological similarities with the Old World species of snipe than those found in the New World; this is also the case for the Puerto Rican woodcock (Scolopax anthonyi) and Hispaniolan woodcock (Scolopax brachycarpa), indicating a possible inter-hemispherical relationship between terrestrial Caribbean scolopacids and their Old World counterparts. Currently, the only extant snipe from the West Indies is the Wilson's snipe (G. delicata), which is a migrant visitor to the region.
# Hibifolin

Hibifolin is a flavonol glycoside that prevents beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in vitro.