OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scales (surname)

The surname Scales has more than one possible origin.
In some cases, the surname may originate from a name for someone who lived near huts or sheds. In such cases, the surname is derived from the Middle English scale, schole, scole, meaning "(temporary) hut, shed, shieling" (from Old Scandinavian skáli). The surname may also originate from a specific place name of the same meaning, such as Scole (Norfolk), or from various other places called Scales or Scholes, mainly in northern England. The surname first appeared on record in Ireland, in Limerick, in the fourteenth century. The surname can be rendered in Irish as de Scéalas.
In other cases, the surname Scales originates from a place name in France. In such cases, it is derived from Écalles-Alix in Seine-Maritime, or from Escalles in Pas-de-Calais.
People with the surname include:
* Baron Scales, a title in the Peerage of England, including a list of people named de Scales
* Alfred Moore Scales (1827–1892), Governor of North Carolina and Confederate Army general during the American Civil War
* Derek Percival Scales (1921–2004), Australian literary scholar
* Dwight Scales (born 1953), former National Football League wide receiver
* George Scales (1900–1976), American baseball player and manager in the Negro leagues
* Harvey Scales (1940–2019), American R&B and soul singer, songwriter, and producer
* Helen Scales, British marine biologist
* John Scales (born 1966), English former footballer
* John N. Scales (born 1933 or 1934), American former Pennsylvania state senator
* Junius Scales (1920–2002), a leader of the Communist Party of the United States of America
* Patrick Scales (American football) (born 1988), American football player
* Prunella Scales (born 1932), English actor best known for the television series Fawlty Towers
* Robert H. Scales (born 1944), retired US Army major general
* Sally Scales (born 1989), South Australian artist, coordinator at the APY Art Centre Collective in Adelaide
* Tegray Scales (born 1996), American football player
* Thomas Scales (1786–1860), British abolitionist

## Citations

* ↑ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 2347; Reaney; Wilson (1995) p. 394; Hanks; Hodges (1991) p. 477.
* ↑ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 2347; Reaney; Wilson (1995) p. 394.
* ↑ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 2347; Reaney; Wilson (1995) p. 394; Hanks; Hodges (1991) p. 477.
* ↑ de Bhulbh (1997) p. 344.
* ↑ Woulfe (1967) p. 277.
* ↑ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 2347.
* ↑ Hanks; Coates; McClure (2016) p. 2347; Reaney; Wilson (1995) p. 394.
# Scientific philosophy

Scientific philosophy may refer to:
* Logical positivism
* Experimental philosophy
For philosophical issues raised by science, see philosophy of science.
# Schaal

Schaal may refer to:

## People

* David Schaal (actor) (born 1963), English actor
* Richard Schaal (1928–2014), American actor
* Wendy Schaal (born 1954), American actress, daughter of Richard
* Kristen Schaal (born 1978), American comedian
* Barbara A. Schaal (born 1947), American biologist
* François Ignace Schaal (1747–1833), French general during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars
* Paul Schaal (1943–2017), American baseball player
* Stefan Schaal, American engineer

## Place

* Schaal, Arkansas
* Schaalsee, a lake in Germany

## Other

* Johan Cruijff-schaal, a Dutch football trophy
* Schaal (surname)
# Schnitger

Schnitger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arp Schnitger (1648–1719), German pipe organ builder
* Hans Schnitger (1915–2013), Dutch field hockey player
* Lara Schnitger (born 1969), Dutch-American sculptor
# Scipio Township, Allen County, Indiana

Scipio Township is one of twenty townships in Allen County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 414.

## Geography

Scipio Township covers an area of 13.3 square miles (34 km$^2$), the second smallest township area in the state.

### Major highways

* SR 37

### Cemeteries

The township contains one cemetery, Scipio.
# Scopula fernaria

Scopula fernaria is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Schaus in 1940. It is endemic to Puerto Rico.
# School District 68

School District 68 may refer to:
* Oak Grove School District 68 (Bartonville, Illinois), with two primary schools in Peoria County
* Oak Grove School District 68 (Lake County, Illinois), with one primary school in Oak Grove
* Skokie School District 68
* Woodridge School District 68
# School District 74

School District 74 may refer to:
* Lincolnwood School District 74 - Lincolnwood, Illinois, United States (Chicago area)
* School District 74 Gold Trail - British Columbia, Canada
# Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co.

Shultz v. Wheaton Glass Co., 421 F.2d 259 (3rd Cir. 1970) was a case heard before the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in 1970. It is an important case in studying the impact of the Bennett Amendment on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, helping to define the limitations of equal pay for men and women. In its rulings, the court determined that a job that is "substantially equal" in terms of what the job entails, although not necessarily in title or job description, is protected by the Equal Pay Act. An employer who hires a woman to do the same job as a man but gives the job a new title in order to offer it a lesser pay is discriminating under that act.

## Background

Wheaton Glass employed men as "selector-packer-stackers" but employed women as ""selector-packers". Both performed similar work in the company's warehouse in Millville, New Jersey but the longer title paid substantially higher wages.
# Schetky

Schetky may refer to:

## People

* George Schetky (1776–1831), American composer
* John Alexander Schetky (1785–1824), Scottish painter
* John Christian Schetky (1778–1874), Scottish painter

## Other uses

* Schetky Northwest Sales, Inc., bus company in Oregon
# Scherzos (Schubert)

Franz Schubert wrote two Scherzos, D 593, for solo piano:
* B♭ major
* D♭ major
The autograph has been lost, but a manuscript copy made in the 1840s suggests that the pieces were composed in November 1817.
The second scherzo has been suggested as being a possible third movement to Schubert's Piano Sonata in D♭ major, D 567, and its trio is identical to the trio of the minuet of the Piano Sonata in E♭ major (itself being a transposed and revised version of the D 567 sonata).
# Schistura spiloptera

Schistura spiloptera is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura It is found in shallow, clear, fast-flowing water over rocky bottoms in upland streams where it feeds on insect larvae, some algae and phytoplankton. It has only been recorded from central Vietnam.
# Schistura spekuli

Schistura spekuli is a species of ray-finned fish, a troglobitic stone loach, in the genus Schistura. It has been recorded from a single cave in central Vietnam. The specific name refers to SPEKUL, the speleological club of the University of Leuven in Belgium.
# Scottish Football League Third Division

The Scottish Football League Third Division was the fourth tier of the Scottish football league system between 1994 and 2013.

## History

The Scottish football league system had operated with three divisions in the Scottish Football League (SFL) from 1975. In 1994, as part of reconstruction to allow the admission of Inverness Caledonian Thistle and Ross County to the league, the SFL was recalibrated to give four divisions of 10 teams. The fourth tier was named the Third Division.
In 1998, the Premier Division (top flight) clubs broke away to form the Scottish Premier League (SPL). The Third Division continued as the fourth tier of the league system, but was now the third tier of the SFL. In 2013, the SFL and SPL merged to form the Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL). The SPFL named its fourth tier as Scottish League Two, which effectively replaced the Third Division.

## Competition

The Third Division consisted of ten teams throughout its existence. From 1994 until 2005, each season the top two teams were promoted to the Second Division. From 2005 until 2013, only the champion was automatically promoted to the Second Division at the end of each season. The clubs that finished 2nd, 3rd and 4th entered a play-off with the 9th placed team of the Second Division.
There was no relegation from the Third Division.
The teams played each other four times with three points for a victory, one point for a draw and zero points for a loss.

## Winners of the Third Division

b.^ Team failed to gain promotion via play-offs
# Scudderia fasciata

Scudderia fasciata, known generally as the treetop bush katydid or black-striped katydid, is a species of phaneropterine katydid in the family Tettigoniidae. It is found in North America.
# Schoofs

Schoofs is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bibiane Schoofs (born 1988), Dutch tennis player
* Henri Schoofs (born 1950), Belgian long-distance runner
* Lucas Schoofs (born 1997), Belgian footballer
* Mark Schoofs, American journalist
* Rob Schoofs (born 1994), Belgian footballer
# Sebileau's muscle

Sebileau's muscle is the deep muscle fibres of the dartos tunic which pass into the scrotal septum. It is named after French anatomist Pierre Sebileau (1860–1953).
# Sean Harrington

Sean Harrington or Seán Harrington may refer to:
* Seán Harrington (Irish republican) (1900–1976), IRA member from Dublin
* Seán Harrington (Chief of Staff) (1912–1978), Chief of Staff of the IRA
* Sean J. Harrington (born 1944), Canadian judge
* Sean Harrington (basketball), 2002–03 Illinois Fighting Illini basketball player
# Secret Code LB 17

Secret Code LB 17 (German: Geheimzeichen LB 17) is a 1938 German thriller film directed by Victor Tourjansky and starring Willy Birgel, Hilde Weissner and Bernhard Minetti. It was made at the Babelsberg Studios outside Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Karl Böhm and Erich Czerwonski.

## Synopsis

The authorities attempt to track down a terrorist group who have assassinated the Minister of War. They soon begin to suspect they have a traitor in their own ranks.

## Cast

* Willy Birgel as Captain Arvan Terno
* Hilde Weissner as Marya Dusanovich, alias Marja Dusan
* Bernhard Minetti as Club Manager Bjelinski
* Otto Wernicke as Police Commissar Borel
* René Deltgen as Lieutenant Robby Glawar
* Kirsten Heiberg as Singer
* Nicolas Koline as Drogan, the Commissar's aide
* Herbert Gernot as Senior Lt. Kowall
* Theodor Loos as The Prefect of Police
* Karl Günther as Vitruv - the Minister of War
* Fred Beckner as Marja's Dancing Partner
* Hildegard Busse as Marja's Guest
* Dima Detoor as Minister of War's Staff Officer
* Jac Diehl as Der Bühneninspizient der "Cascade"
* Heinz Dugall as Der Würstchendieb
* Erich Dunskus as Bahnbeamter
* Berthold Ebbecke as Der Adjutant des Kriegsministers
* Max Harry Ernst as Ein Gast in der Cascade während der Razzia
* Lucie Euler as Anna, Manja Dusans Garderobiere
* Adolf Fischer as Ein junger Proletarier am Würstchenstand
* Charles Francois as Ein Kellner beim Empfang
* Paul Ludwig Frey as Ein Gast bei Manja Dusan
* Lothar Geist as Der Zigarettenjunge in der Cascade
* Kurt Getke as Eisenbahnwärter
* Friedrich Gnaß as Ein Telefonist der Aufständigen
* Fred Goebel as Der Sergeant der Chiffrierzentrale
* Die Goldenen Sieben und ihre Symphoniker as Singers
* Paul Hildebrandt as Ein Mitarbeiter des Polizeipräfekten
* Oskar Höcker as Ein weiterer Kriminalbeamter
* Karl Jüstel as Ein Stabsoffizier beim Kriegsminister
* Alfred Karen as Gast bei Manja Dusan
* Walter Klam as Ein Bühnenarbeiter der Cascade
* Ingolf Kuntze as Innenminister
* Fred Köster as Ein Kriminalbeamter bei der Tatortinspektion
* Gustav Mahncke as Der Poriter der Cascade
* Edith Meinel as Das Blumenmädchen in der Cascade
* Benno Mueller as Ein Mann im Postamt
* Hellmuth Passarge as Einer der Aufständigen
* Paul Rehkopf as Ein Betrunkener
* Ferry Reich as Der Wachhabende der Regimentskanzlei
* Ferdinand Robert as Ein Gast bei Manja Dusan
* Ernst Rotmund as Der Würstchenverkäufer
* Bert Schmidt-Maris as Ein Gast in der Cascade
* Willi Schur as 1. Polizist
* Herbert Spalke as 2. Polizist
* Margot Thilo as Marga, Annas Mädchen
* Theodor Thony as Ein Stabsoffizier beim Kriegsminister
* Otz Tollen as Ein General, Mitarbeiter des Kriegsministers
* Jens von Hagen as Gast bei Manja Dusan
* Eduard Wenck as Der Stationsvorsteher
* Max Wilmsen as Der Angestellte im Postamt
* Willy Witte as Ein Gast in der "Cascade"
# Securitize, Inc.

Securitize, Inc is a financial technology company that provides businesses a platform to raise capital from institutional, accredited or retail investors (crowdfunding) with shares issued in the form of digital tokens recorded on the blockchain, including for Oddity (the parent of online beauty brand Il Makiage) and digital custodian Exodus, which used the Securitize platform to raise $75 million in 2021. Securitize also operates a broker-dealer marketplace on which tokenized shares in private companies are traded. Securitize has approximately 3,000 clients with a combined 1.2 million investors and is regulated by both the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and FINRA. In June 2022, Securitize became authorized by the Spanish government to enter its securities test environment.

## Funding

Securitize has raised approximately $100 million in funding. Its most recent funding round was a $48 million Series B in June 2021, led by Morgan Stanley and Blockchain Capital, in what Forbes described as "Morgan Stanley’s first dedicated investment in the crypto space."

## History

* November 2017: Securitize founded by Carlos Domingo and Jamie Finn
* November 2020: Securitize acquires a broker-dealer license and automated trading system registration through the acquisition of Distributed Technology Markets
* March 2021: Securitize facilitates Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank's issuance of the first credit-rated, asset-backed security token fund in Japan
* May 2021: Securitize platform used to facilitate $75 million crowdfunded capital raise
* June 2021: Securitize completes $48 million Series B investment round
* August 2021: Securitize facilitates the first television show to tokenize its net profits, "Hold On for Dear Life," produced and directed by Entourage's Rob Weiss
* September 2021: Securitize launches marketplace for trading digital asset securities
* October 2021: Securitize hires former SEC Division of Trading & Markets Director Brett Redfearn and announces Advisory Board including former Twitter CEO Dick Costolo
* December 2021: Securitize launches first tokenized funds tracking Standard & Poors indices
* February 2022: Securitize acquires Pacific Stock Transfer
* May 2022: Securitize confirms it will only offer stablecoins backed by U.S. dollars such as USDC
# Scotts

Scotts or Scott's may refer to:

## Businesses and brands

* Scott's (restaurant), in London
* Scott's Food & Pharmacy, an American supermarket chain
* Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, an American multinational corporation
* Scott's Porage Oats, a Scottish breakfast cereal
* Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, a Scottish shipbuilding company 1711–1993

## Places

* Scotts, Michigan, U.S.
* Scotts, North Carolina, U.S.
* Scotts Valley, California, U.S.

## Other uses

* Scotts (band), a Swedish music group
* "The Scotts", a 2020 song by The Scotts (Travis Scott and Kid Cudi)
# Scythris lactanea

Scythris lactanea is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in the South African provinces of Gauteng and Mpumalanga.
The wingspan is 13–14 mm (0.51–0.55 in). The forewings are light fuscous, almost wholly suffused with ochreous whitish except for a more or less developed subcostal band. There are obscure fuscous dots towards the dorsum at one-third and the middle, and above the tornus. A suffused dark fuscous dot is found on the fold between the two former and the plical stigma is suffused and dark fuscous, the second discal round, distinct and dark fuscous. The hindwings are grey.
# Season in Purgatory

Season in Purgatory (1976) is a novel by Australian author Thomas Keneally.

## Plot outline

The novel is set during the Second World War on the island of Mus, which lies in the Adriatic Sea. David Pelham is a junior medical officer in the British Army who volunteers for battlefield medical work and is parachuted onto the island along with a number of British officers and servicemen. Their aim is to aid Tito's partisans in fighting the occupying Germans.

## Reception

Clement Semmler gave a warning to his readers regarding the novel's depictions of surgical operations and finished: "Despite its strong stuff, the novel is, as I have said, immensely readable, more so I believe than any other Thomas Keneally has written to date."
Reviewing the novel in The Canberra Times Sandy Murray noted: "Thomas Keneally possesses in rare degree the capacity of conveying with startling reality the most intimate activities of the varied characters in his novels. His pathos is quickly shared with the reader." And concluded: "Thomas Keneally has not dodged the factual crudities of a war situation which bears the stamp of truth. His rugged realities serve to set war in the context of waste and madness where the untamed tantrums of human nature enjoy full play."
# Second Borisov Government

The ninety-fourth Cabinet of Bulgaria took office on November 7, 2014. It was a coalition government chaired by Boyko Borisov. The government was formed after Borisov's party, GERB, won the 2014 parliamentary election. As GERB won 84 out of the 240 seats in the National Assembly (a plurality), they were compelled to form a coalition to legally govern.

## Formation

After being tasked by President Rosen Plevneliev to form a government, Borisov's GERB allied with the Reformist Bloc to form a government and got support from the Alternative for Bulgarian Revival (partnership agreement with GERB) and also had the outside support of the Patriotic Front. The cabinet of twenty ministers was approved by a majority of 136–97 (with one abstention). Borisov was then chosen as prime minister by an even larger vote of 149–85. Borisov became the first person to be elected twice as Prime Minister in the recent history of Bulgaria. Ministers with Reformist Bloc support are members of Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria, Union of Democratic Forces, Bulgaria for Citizens Movement and Bulgarian Agrarian National Union.

## Vuchkov Resignation

On 4 March 2015, the Minister of Interior Veselin Vuchkov resigned. Vuchkov cited the reluctance of PM Borisov to replace the ministry's chief secretary Svetlozar Lazarov and the head of the National Security Agency (DANS) Vladimir Pisanchev. On 11 March, Vuchkov was replaced by Rumyana Bachvarova, who also kept her position as a Deputy PM.

## Ivanov Resignation and Protests

On 9 December 2015, the Minister of Justice Hristo Ivanov resigned, stating that the National Assembly had compromised the reforms in the court system by voting an altered version of the proposed amendments in the constitution. Ivanov added that the prime minister Borisov is dependent on the chief prosecutor Sotir Tsatsarov.
The unfulfilled judiciary reform and the resignation of the Minister of Justice sparked protests in Sofia.
On 18 December 2015, Ivanov was replaced by Ekaterina Zakharieva, who had been nominated by the prime minister Borisov.

## Tanev Resignation

On 28 January 2016, the prime minister Borisov demanded that the Minister of Education and Science Todor Tanev resign. On 3 February, by a vote of 104-66 Meglena Kuneva was appointed as new minister. She also kept her position as a Deputy PM.

## ABV Withdrawal

On 10 May 2016, Ivaylo Kalfin resigned as a Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Labor and Social Policy. Alternative for Bulgarian Revival also withdrew from the coalition government.

## Resignation

On 13 November 2016, after the GERB candidate Tsetska Tsacheva lost the 2016 presidential elections to Rumen Radev, the prime minister Borisov announced that the government will resign. The resignation was approved by the National Assembly on 16 November 2016 by a majority of 218-0 (with 2 abstentions).
# Second Brother

Second Brother is a novel by the American writer David Guy set in 1960s Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
It tells the coming-of-age story of Henry Wilder who must measure himself in the shadow of his older brother, a star athlete and scholar.
# Seemann (surname)

Seemann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Berthold Carl Seemann (1825–1871), German botanist
* Carl Seemann (1910–1983), German pianist and 1978 recipient of the Reinhold-Schneider-Preis
* Finn Seemann (1944–1985), Norwegian footballer
* Franz Seemann [de] (1887–1963), German art director for The Beaver Coat (1928 film)
* Horst Seemann (1937–2000), German film director and screenwriter
* Lindsay Seemann (born 1992), Canadian swimmer
* "Seemann" (Lolita song), released 1960 by Austrian singer Lolita
* "Seemann" (Rammstein song), a 1996 single by the German band Rammstein
# Seikyūsha

Seikyūsha (青弓社) is a publisher based in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. Philosophy, ideology, religion, mysticism, sexuality, and subculture are the main themes covered by the books it publishes. There is also a large number of publications related to Takarazuka Revue. In 2000, it published a new translation of Les Structures élémentaires de la parenté (1949, English: "The Elementary Structures of Kinship", Japanese: 「親族の基本構造」) by Claude Lévi-Strauss.
# Second Reformed Dutch Church

Second Reformed Dutch Church (also known as Mt. Carmel Roman Catholic Church; Ironbound Educational and Igreja Assembleia de deus) is a historic church building at 178-184 Edison Place in Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States.
It was built in 1848 originally for a Dutch Reformed congregation. The building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It has been home to several other congregations since its founding, including Igreja Assembleia de deus, an Assemblies of God congregation led by Pastor Welbr DosSantos, who is the first missionary sent from Assembleia de Deus, Belo Horizonte, Brasil to the USA.
# Selenaspidus articulatus

Selenaspidus articulatus is an armoured scale insect in the family Diaspididae, commonly known as the West Indian red scale. It is a polyphagous species found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world as a pest species of Citrus and other fruit and ornamental trees.

## Description

The adult female scale is roughly circular with a diameter of about 2.3 mm (0.09 in). It is flat, semi-transparent and greyish-white, with the yellowish-brown exuviae being near the centre. The adult male scale is a long, white or pale brown oval, and is slightly smaller than the female scale, with the darker-coloured exuviae near one end.

## Distribution

Selenaspidus articulatus is native to the southern United States, the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, Colombia, Surinam, Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru. It also occurs in the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Taiwan, and in most of sub-Saharan Africa.

## Host plants

Selenaspidus articulatus is polyphagous and has been recorded on 101 genera in 52 families. These include avocado, banana, caimito, Citrus, cocoa, coconut, garden croton, coffee, Cycas, Ficus, forest trees, mahogany, Gardenia, Cape jasmine, jasmine, mango, olive, palm, Pandanus, paw-paw, rose, and rubber.

## Ecology

Selenaspidus articulatus feeds on the stems, foliage, flowers and fruits of its hosts. The insects are herbivorous, and adults and nymphs feed on phloem sap sucked from the plant's vascular system. This can introduce toxins into the plant, and weakens it, causing leaves to fall in heavy infestations. Lady beetles are important predators of this scale insect, as well as parasitic wasps in the Aphelinidae and Encyrtidae families, and Signiphora lutea.
# See You

See You, See Ya, or Seeya may refer to:
* See You (film), a 1995 Croatian television film
* SeeYa, a South Korean girl band
* See You (album), by Josh Wilson, 2011
* "See You" (Depeche Mode song), 1982
* See You (Big Country song), 1999
* "See You...", a 2006 single by melody
* "Seeya" (Deadmau5 song), 2014
* "See Ya" (Atomic Kitten song), 2000