OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Willem Ravelli

Willem Ravelli (31 May 1892 – 21 September 1980) was a Dutch classical bass-baritone and an academic voice teacher. After a short operatic career with De Nederlandse Opera, he worked mostly in concert, singing Lieder and oratorios. He is known for as the voice of Christ in Bach's St Matthew Passion, which he performed more than 400 times, including the first recording of the work.

## Career

Born Willem Albert Felix Ravelli in The Hague, Ravelli studied voice with Frans Andreolie and Cornélie van Zanten, then at the conservatory in his home town in the opera class of Anton Sistermans.
Ravelli was a member of the De Nederlandse Opera in Amsterdam from the 1922/23 season. He appeared in many supporting roles, such as Morales in Bizet's Carmen and Alcindor in Puccini's La bohème, and in 1927 as Wolfram in Wagner's Tannhäuser.
He focused on concert singing, succeeding Thomas Denijs as the vox Christi in the regular performances of Bach's St Matthew Passion conducted by Willem Mengelberg. He sang the role in the first recording of the work in 1939, with the Toonkunstkoor Amsterdam [nl] and the Concertgebouw Orchestra, alongside Karl Erb as the Evangelist. A reviewer of a reissue of the performance which was shortened as customary at the time of the recording, notes in 2004: "As Jesus the Dutch bass Willem Ravelli can be a mite gruff but he's also a spiritually intense presence and right inside the role, one incidentally he performed over four hundred times."
Ravelli also appeared in Belgium, England and Germany, presenting a broad repertory including the bass part in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. He recorded the symphony in 1940, again with Mengelberg, the Toonkunstkoor and the Concertgebouw Orchestra, and the Royal Oratorio Society.
Ravelli was a voice teacher at the Rotterdam Conservatory from 1937, and at the conservatory in The Hague from 1945. He died in Laren, North Holland.
# The Tioga Kid

The Tioga Kid is a 1948 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and written by Ed Earl Repp. The film stars Eddie Dean, Roscoe Ates, Jennifer Holt, Dennis Moore, Lee Bennett and William Fawcett. The film was released on June 17, 1948, by Eagle-Lion Films.

## Cast

* Eddie Dean as Eddie Dean / The Tioga Kid
* Roscoe Ates as Soapy Jones
* Jennifer Holt as Jenny Morgan
* Dennis Moore as Joe Morino
* Lee Bennett as Tucson
* William Fawcett as Tennessee
* Eddie Parker as Clem
* Bob Woodward as Trigger
* Wylie Grant as Sam
* Terry Frost as Ranger Captain
* Andy Parker as Ranger Andy
* Flash as Eddie's Horse
# Vassenden

Vassenden is a village in Sunnfjord Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located along the river Jølstra on the western shore of the lake Jølstravatnet, and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the lake Holsavatnet.
The 0.38-square-kilometre (94-acre) village has a population (2019) of 330 and a population density of 868 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,250/sq mi).
The village is located along the European route E39 highway, just about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) east of the village of Langhaugane. The village of Ålhus lies about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the northeast. The village of Skei is 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northeast, at the other end of the lake Jølstravatnet. Vassenden Church was built in 2002 to serve the people of Vassenden and the surrounding areas.
# Terry Nardin

Terry W. Nardin (born January 19, 1942) is Professor of Political Science and the Director of the Common Curriculum at Yale-NUS College in Singapore. Formerly, he served as the head of the Political Science Department at the National University of Singapore. He specialises in political theory, history of ideas and international political theory.
His most well-known book is Law, Morality, and the Relations of States (1983). He has also contributed to the literature on humanitarian interventions, justice as coercion, the rule of law, Michael Oakeshott and comparative political theory.
# Saluggia

Saluggia (Salugia in Piedmontese) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Vercelli, near the Dora Baltea river.
It is known in Italy and abroad for the production of beans and for having a storage site for nuclear wastes.

## Twin towns

* Russi, Italy
# Saluga and Ghazal Protectorate

Salouga and Ghazal Protected Area is one of the smallest protectorates in Egypt. It contains two main islands named Salouga and Ghazal managed by the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Authority (EEAA) The name Salouga means waterfall in the ancient Nubian language. The two islands are located in the Nile River south of the city of Aswan but downstream of the Aswan Dam. It was established in 1986 with the purpose of protecting the biological diversity of threatened animals, plants and mammals.
The designation of these islands in the River Nile includes:
   ...they support a luxuriant natural vegetation cover including some of the only remnants of natural nilotic vegetation existing in the Nile Valley before cultivation by man. The islands protectorate shelters a botanical diversity of some 94 species... (including) many characteristic Nile fauna, particularly birds. The Protected Area plays an important role in preserving an exceptionally beautiful natural landscape of the Nile River at Aswan, which has long been one of the city’s primary tourist attractions.
Increasing human pressures, including the careless use of fires on the mainland, have led to seriously damaging fires on the two islands.
# Salisbury Garden

Salisbury Garden is a public space between the Hong Kong Museum of Art and Hong Kong Space Museum, along Salisbury Road in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon. At the centre is a fountain, with patches of trees on two sides to provide shades for pedestrians.
The Art Square at Salisbury Garden opened in 2014.
# Samadhi Sound

Samadhi Sound (or samadhisound) is an independent record label founded by singer and musician David Sylvian after his departure from Virgin Records in the late nineties.
The label mainly serves as a platform for Sylvian to release his own work – the album Blemish was the first to appear on Samadhi Sound in 2003 – and that of artists usually associated to him, like his brother Steve Jansen and Harold Budd. Nine Horses, a collaboration between Sylvian, Jansen, and Burnt Friedman, released their 2005 album Snow Borne Sorrow on Samadhi Sound.

## Artists

* Derek Bailey
* Jan Bang
* Harold Budd
* Thomas Feiner
* Steve Jansen
* Toshimaru Nakamura
* Nine Horses
* Akira Rabelais
* David Sylvian
* David Toop

## Releases

* SS001: David Sylvian – Blemish
* SS002: David Sylvian & Ryuichi Sakamoto – World Citizen
* SS003: Akira Rabelais – Spellewauerynsherde
* SS004: Harold Budd – Avalon Sutra / As Long as I Can Hold My Breath
* SS005: David Sylvian – The Good Son vs. The Only Daughter (The Blemish Remixes)
* SS006: Nine Horses – Snow Borne Sorrow
* SS007: Nine Horses – Wonderful World
* SS008: Derek Bailey – To Play – The Blemish Sessions
* SS009: David Toop – Sound Body
* SS010: Nine Horses – Money for All
* SS011: David Sylvian – When Loud Weather Buffeted Naoshima
* SS012: Steve Jansen – Slope
* SS013: Thomas Feiner & Anywhen – The Opiates – Revised
* SS014: The World Is Everything Tour Book Sampler CD
* SS015: Sweet Billy Pilgrim – Twice Born Men
* SS016: David Sylvian – Manafon
* SS017: Toshimaru Nakamura – Egrets
* SS018: Jan Bang – ...And Poppies from Kandahar
* SS019: Akira Rabelais – Caduceus
* SS020: David Sylvian – Sleepwalkers (remix compilation CD)
* SS021: David Sylvian – Died in the Wool – Manafon Variations
* SS022: Jan Bang & Erik Honore – Uncommon Deities
* SS023: Stephan Mathieu & David Sylvian – Wandermüde
* SS024: David Sylvian – there's a light that enters houses with no other house in sight
* SOUND-DL001: Harold Budd – Perhaps
* SOUND-DL002: Steve Jansen – Swimming in Qualia (Ascent)
* SOUND-DL003: Steve Jansen – Slope Remixes
* SOUND-DL004: Steve Jansen – The Occurrence of Slope
* SOUND10-001: David Sylvian – Do You Know Me Now? (10" Ltd Vinyl)
* SSDVD01: David Sylvian – Amplified Gesture (DVD Documentary)
* SOUND-OP001: David Sylvian – Hypergraphia – The Writings of David Sylvian 1980 – 2014 (Book of lyrics, poems & interviews)
# Samantha Hall

Samantha "Sam" Hall (born 1982) is an Australian environmental researcher. She is also an Antarctic scientist and entrepreneur.

## Biography

As a child, Hall had her first epileptic seizure when she was 11. In 2002, Hall graduated from Curtin University with a bachelor's degree in commerce. Around 2007, when she was 27, she was able to have surgery for her seizures. While she was still working in Thailand, she decided she was going to pursue environmental science. She returned to Curtin University in 2009 and earned a master of science in sustainability management. She went on to get her doctorate in sustainable building during 2011.
In 2011, she co-founded an environmental consultancy organization in Fremantle, called SimplyCarbon. In 2013, she was appointed by the city of Perth to investigate using environmental upgrade agreements to improve the sustainability of local buildings. In 2016, Hall was part of the Homeward Bound expedition to Antarctica, along with Amanda Davies.
She is also a founder of a technology startup in Perth, Rate My Space.
# Salvum fac populum tuum, WAB 40

Salvum fac populum tuum ("O Lord, save thy people"), WAB 40, is a motet composed by Anton Bruckner in 1884.

## History

The motet, based on a few verses of the Te Deum, was composed on 14 November 1884, presumably on request of Franz Xaver Witt for the Cecilian society. The manuscript is archived at the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek. The motet was first published in band IV/2, pp. 496–497 of the Göllerich/Auer biography. It is put in Band XXI/31 of the Gesamtausgabe.

## Music

The 57-bar motet in F major for choir a cappella, is based on the verses "Salvum fac populum tuum" till "Quem ad modum speravimus in te." of the Te Deum.
* Salvum fac populum tuum
* et benedic hereditati tuae, Domine
* Et rege eos, et extolle illos usque in aeternum
* Per singulos dies benedicimus,
* et laudamus nomen tuum in saeculum
* et in saeculorum saeculi.
* Dignare, Domine, die isto, sine peccato nos custodire.
* Miserere nostri, Domine, miserere nostri
* Fiat misericordia tua, Domine, super nos
* Quem ad modum speravimus in te.
This, for Bruckner a quite unique composition, which uses the same verses as part 4 of his Te Deum, alternates passages in unison, in Falsobordone and in polyphony.

## Discography

There are a few recordings of Bruckner's Salvum fac populum tuum:
* Robert Jones, Choir of St. Bride's Church, Bruckner: Motets – CD: Naxos 8.550956, 1994
* Alois Koch, choir of the St. Hedwig's Cathedral, Anton Bruckner: Messe in e-Moll – CD: Ars Musici 1186-2, 1996 (with accompaniment of trombones)
* Balduin Sulzer, Mozart Chor Linz, Bruckner – CD: AtemMusik Records ATMU 97001, 1997
* Hans-Christoph Rademann, NDR Chor Hamburg, Anton Bruckner: Ave Maria – CD: Carus 83.151, 2000
* Philipp von Steinäcker, Vocalensemble Musica Saeculorum, Bruckner: Pange lingua - Motetten - CD: Fra Bernardo FB 1501271, 2015
* Sigvards Klava, Latvian Radio Choir, Bruckner: Latin Motets, 2019 – CD Ondine OD 1362
* Christian Erny, The Zurich Chamber Singers, Bruckner Spectrum - CD : Berlin Classics LC06203, 2022
# Sam C. Barrett

Sam C. Barrett is a retired United States Air Force lieutenant general who last served as the director of logistics of the Joint Staff. He previously served as commander of the Eighteenth Air Force. Prior to his current position, he was the director of operations, strategic deterrence and nuclear integration of the Air Force Materiel Command.
The United States Senate confirmed his promotion to lieutenant general and nomination to become the director for logistics of the Joint Staff, replacing Lieutenant General Giovanni K. Tuck whom he also succeeded as eighteenth Air Force commander.

## Effective dates of promotions

| Rank | Date |
| Second lieutenant | June 1, 1988 |
| First lieutenant | June 1, 1990 |
| Captain | June 1, 1992 |
| Major | October 1, 1999 |
| Lieutenant colonel | March 1, 2003 |
| Colonel | September 1, 2007 |
| Brigadier general | November 2, 2013 |
| Major general | September 2, 2017 |
| Lieutenant general | September 4, 2020 |
# Samogitian nobility

Samogitian nobility was nobility originating in the Lithuanian region of Samogitia. The Samogitian nobility was an integral part of Lithuanian nobility. Historically, the local gentry was formed of people of various ethnic backgrounds, including Lithuanian, Polish, Tartar, German and Ruthenian.
As the Duchy of Samogitia maintained a certain level of autonomy within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, its nobility was considered a separate subject of the laws, on par with the nobility of other Commonwealth lands. In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania the Samogitian nobles were electing Elders of Samogitia who had voivode rights and were the third highest ranked statesmen in the Lithuanian Council of Lords (after voivodes of Vilnius and Trakai). The self-elected Elders of Samogitia were only confirmed by the Grand Duke of Lithuania.
Samogitian nobility, especially its lower class, preserved knowledge of the Lithuanian language very well. In fact, the Lithuanian language remained dominant in Samogitia and its nobility throughout the early modern period. This is proven by the letter of Stanisław Radziwiłł to his brother Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł immediately after becoming the Elder of Samogitia that: "While learning various languages, I forgot Lithuanian, and now I see, I have to go to school again, because that language, as I see, God willing, will be needed."
Prominent Samogitian noble origin representatives from the 20th century include: Stanisław Narutowicz (member of the Council of Lithuania), Gabriel Narutowicz (the 1st President of Poland, who was assassinated) and Józef Piłsudski (the Chief of State of Poland in 1918–1922 and First Marshal of Poland from 1920).
# Samogneux

Samogneux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Samuel Dickenson

Samuel Dickenson (1733 – May 15, 1823) was an English clergyman and botanist.
He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, where he was a contemporary of Erasmus Darwin. He succeeded his father John Dickenson as Rector of St. Mary's, Blymhill and remained in the position from 9 January 1777 until his death, aged 90, in 1823.
Dickenson contributed to various botanical and historical works and was tutor to Thomas Beddoes and Charles Darwin (uncle of the famous naturalist Charles Robert Darwin). He accompanied the 8 year old Darwin on an excursion to France, collecting plants, between October 1766 and March 1767.
The inscription on his memorial in St. Mary's reads:
   Revd. Samuel Dickenson during 46 years Rector of this place his character was adorned with many virtues, his mind richly stored with learning divine and humane, he was remarkably upright in his dealings & strictly temperate in his mode of living, in simplicity & godly sincerity. He had his conversation in the world.
# Samantha John

Samantha John (born 1985 or 1986 (age 37–38)) is an American entrepreneur, known for being the co-founder of Hopscotch, a learn-to-code application.

## Education and career

John studied applied mathematics, English, and comparative literature at Columbia University. John became interested in computers and programming in her senior year of college when she began working on a website for a student club. Before developing Hopscotch, she had worked as an engineer and a developer at Pivotal Labs. She had been one of the only women developers at the company. After partnering with Hopscotch co-founder and fellow Columbia alumna Jocelyn Leavitt, John created her first app named "Daisy the Dinosaur" in 2012. John eventually left her consultancy job to pursue the development of Hopscotch full-time. In 2013, Business Insider listed John as one of the "30 Most Important Women Under 30 in Tech", "Silicon Alley 100", and "28 Extraordinary Women in New York Tech" for cofounding Hopscotch Technologies. Glamour magazine named John and co-founder Leavitt in their list of "35 Women Under 35 Who are Changing the Tech Industry" in 2014. In 2015, she was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women.

## Hopscotch

John created Hopscotch at the age of 26 with educator Jocelyn Leavitt, who noticed a lack of women and people of color in engineering. Hopscotch is the first programming language designed for a touch screen device. John and Leavitt aimed to create a programming language that was simple enough for children to use, while still allowing children to learn and be creative. The app involves a visual programming language, rather than employing lines of code. Hopscotch, which is aimed at children ages eight to 12, was downloaded 20,000 times in its first week. John and Leavitt first launched the app for iPad in 2013, and have since developed the app for iPhone. Within one year, users created over 2.5 million projects. Most children use the app to build games and create animated artwork while learning programming basics. According to the founders, nearly half of Hopscotch's users are girls.
Hopscotch was partially inspired by HyperCard, an early software application and development kit which also inspired the creator of "wiki" software, as well as Scratch, an early visual programming environment. In addition, John notes inspiration from her mentor, Alan Kay. John revealed in Shark Tank, that Hopscotch had 200k active users every month for the first time in 2020. Hopscotch has received the Best Education Tech App Awards by Parent Magazine.
# Sambana

Sambana (Greek: Σάμβανα), is an ancient town mentioned by Diodorus Siculus (xvii. 27). William Smith identifies it as the same as the Sabata mentioned by Pliny (vi. 27. § 31). It was situated about two days' journey north of Sittace and east of Artemita, in Assyria.
# Sambalpur–Jammu Tawi Express

The 18309 / 18310 Sambalpur–Jammu Tawi Express is an Express train belonging to East Coast Railway zone that runs between Sambalpur Junction and Jammu Tawi in India. It is currently being operated with 18309/18310 train numbers on a daily basis.

## Service

The 18309/Sambalpur–Jammu Tawi Express has an average speed of 46 km/h and covers 2348 km in 51h 25m. The 18310/Jammu Tawi–Sambalpur Express has an average speed of 47 km/h and covers 2348 km in 49h 40m.

## Route and halts

The important halts of the train are:
* Sambalpur Junction
* Jharsuguda Junction
* Bamra
* Rajgangpur
* Rourkela Junction
* Hatia
* Ranchi Junction
* Muri Junction
* Ramgarh Cantonment
* Barkakana Junction
* Barwadih Junction
* Daltonganj
* Garwa Road Junction
* Chopan
* Chunar Junction
* Prayagraj Junction
* Kanpur Central
* Tundla Junction
* Aligarh Junction
* Ghaziabad Junction
* Delhi Junction
* Ambala Cantonment Junction
* Ludhiana Junction
* Phillaur Junction
* Phagwara Junction
* Jalandhar City Junction
* Amritsar Junction
* Pathankot Junction
* Jammu Tawi.

## Coach composition

The train has LHB rakes with a maximum speed of 130 km/h. The train consists of 21 coaches:
* 1 AC II Tier
* 1 Parcel Van
* 3 AC III Tier
* 9 Sleeper coaches
* 1 Pantry car
* 4 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake.

## Traction

Both trains are hauled by a Santragachi Loco Shed-based WAP-7 electric locomotive from Sambalpur to Jammu Tawi.

## Slip coaches

The train used to get attached/detached to/from 18101/18102 Muri Express at Muri Junction to continue till Jammu Tawi. This system was in used till March 2020.

## Direction reversal

The train reverses its direction twice at:
* Amritsar Junction
* Pathankot Junction.
# Samuel Burkleo

Samuel Burkleo (March 31, 1800–c. 1874) was an American merchant and politician who served in the Minnesota Territorial Council from 1849 until 1852.

## Biography

Burkleo was born in Kent County, Delaware, on March 31, 1800. He settled along the St. Croix River around 1839 and was one of the original proprietors of the Marine Lumber Company. He then moved to Stillwater and became a merchant.
Burkleo was elected to the Minnesota Territorial Council in 1849 and served until 1852. Burkleo introduced a bill that would split the Territory into eight counties, though many of his proposed names were later changed. Burkleo was a Whig.
In 1858, Burkleo moved to a farm in Lakeland, where he died sometime around 1864–1874.
He had a wife, Susanna. His Greek Revival house in Marine on St. Croix, built in 1848, is a contributing property to the historic district there. It was the first frame dwelling in Marine and was constructed by the Lumber Company.
# Samuel Burns Weston

Samuel Burns Weston (March 10, 1855 – July 15, 1936) was an American Unitarian minister and editor.
Weston was born in Madison, Maine. He received an A.B. in 1876 from Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, and the degree of Sacrae Theologiae Baccalaureus from Harvard University in 1879. He then served as minister of the Unitarian Church in Leicester, Massachusetts until 1881. In 1885, he founded the Philadelphia Society for Ethical Culture, where he was lecturer until 1891 and director until 1934, after which was director emeritus. He was the managing editor of the society's journal, The Ethical Record, which was published 1888–1890. In 1890 he became the first editor of the International Journal of Ethics. He married Mary Hartshorne in 1891.
# Samuel Burleigh Gabriel

Samuel Burleigh Gabriel (11 August 1816 – 26 June 1865) was a Victorian architect who practised in Bristol, England. For a number of years he was in partnership with another architect, John Hicks, who later worked at Dorchester. Their offices were at 28 Corn Street, Bristol.
Gabriel designed parish churches for the Church of England and houses for private clients.
One of Gabriel's last commissions was Ashley House in Bristol for Sir Charles Wathen. Wathen served as Mayor of Bristol and contributed to the building of several of its public buildings. In 2008 there was a proposal to demolish Ashley House and SAVE Britain's Heritage responded by supporting a campaign for the building's retention.

## Works

* St. Mark's parish church, Easton, Bristol, 1843–48
* St. Simon the Apostle parish church, Baptist Mills, Bristol, 1845–48
* St. Jude the Apostle with St. Matthias-on-the-Weir parish church, Old Market, Bristol, 1845–49
* St. Michael the Archangel parish church, Two-Mile-Hill, Bristol, 1846–49
* St. Anne's parish church, Bowden Hill, Wiltshire, 1856
* St. Mary's parish church, West Kington, Wiltshire, 1856
* Chew Stoke School, Chew Stoke, Somerset, 1858
* St. Michael the Archangel parish church, Compton Martin, Somerset: restoration, 1858–59
* St. John the Evangelist parish church, Clifton, Bristol, 1858–69
* St. Paul's parish, Southville, Bristol: vicarage, 1860
* St. Stephen's parish church, Beechingstoke, Wiltshire: restoration, 1860–61
* St. Michael the Archangel parish church, Dundry, Somerset: rebuilding, 1860–62
* Parish church, Manningford Abbots, Wiltshire: rebuilding, 1861–64
* St. James' parish church, Cherhill, Wiltshire: restoration, 1863
* Ashley House, Ashley, Bristol, 1865–66