OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Treaty of Montgomery

The Treaty of Montgomery was an Anglo-Welsh treaty signed on 29 September 1267 in Montgomeryshire by which Llywelyn ap Gruffudd was acknowledged as Prince of Wales by King Henry III of England (r. 1216–1272). It was the only time an English ruler recognised the right of a ruler of Gwynedd over Wales. Llywelyn's grandfather Llywelyn the Great had previously laid claim to be the effective prince of Wales by using the title "Prince of Aberffraw, Lord of Snowdon" in the 1230s, after subduing all the other Welsh dynasties. Likewise Llywelyn's uncle, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, claimed the title of Prince of Wales during his reign from 1240 to 1246. However, Llywelyn's supremacy in the late 1260s forced recognition of his authority in Wales by an English Crown weakened by internal division.

## Conditions of the treaty

Many of the conditions of the treaty had been anticipated by the Treaty of Pipton (1265) between Llywelyn and Simon de Montfort. The 1267 treaty ceded Builth to Llywelyn, along with Brecon and Gwerthrynion in mid-Wales. The disputed castle of Cefnllys, which Llywelyn had taken from Roger Mortimer in 1262, was restored to Roger with the condition that the land would be tentatively held from Llywelyn, provided Llywelyn could affirm his right to it. Llywelyn was also granted Whittington Castle in modern-day Shropshire, previously held by his grandfather in the 1220s, and received an assurance that no castle would be built at Hawarden for sixty years by Robert of Mold, thus helping to secure the north-eastern border of Wales. The treaty also allowed for the reinstatement of Llywelyn's brother, Dafydd ap Gruffudd, into Welsh society after his defection to England in the early 1260s.
The key text would be seen later by the Lord Edward as
"XIII. For the principality, lands, homages and grants the prince and his successors will be bound to give fealty, homage and service to the king and his heirs, which he or his predecessors have been accustomed and obliged to give the kings of England."

## Implications

Though the treaty required Llywelyn to do homage to the king of England for the land, it was in effect an acknowledgement of the power and authority of the prince. However, after the succession of Edward I as king of England in 1272, relations between England and Wales deteriorated, and Edward declared war on Llywelyn in 1276; the Treaty of Aberconwy of 1277 superseded the stipulations laid down at Montgomery and severely curbed Llywelyn's power. In December 1282, fifteen years after the original treaty, the army of Montgomery marched to Builth Wells from Montgomery Castle, to surprise and kill Llywelyn. After 1295 and the final Welsh War of the thirteenth century, the castle became more of a military backwater and prison than a front line fortress.
# Dentalium zelandicum

Dentalium zelandicum is a species of tusk shell, a marine scaphopod mollusk in the family Dentaliidae.
This species is endemic to New Zealand waters.
# Trentham East, Victoria

Trentham East is a locality in central Victoria, Australia. The locality is in the Shire of Macedon Ranges local government area, 87 kilometres (54 mi) north west of the state capital, Melbourne.
At the 2016 census, Trentham East had a population of 153.
# Trentham Academy

Trentham Academy (formerly Trentham High School) is a coeducational secondary school located in the village of Trentham in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England.

## History

On 3 July 2015, Trentham High made national coverage on ITV's This Morning, about the school's new policy on that school skirts would be banned for females, and only trousers are to be worn.

## Subjects

The school offers a range of subjects. Most are compulsory in years 7 and 8 and become optional in years 9, 10 and 11, when students will sit exams.
Subjects include:
* Science (physics, chemistry, biology and sex education)
* Mathematics
* Statistics
* English literature
* English language
* Resistant materials
* Religious education
* Physical education
* Performing arts
* Modern foreign languages (French, German and Spanish)
* History
* Health and social care
* Geography
* Design and technology
* Drama
* Dance
* Creative performance
* Computing/ICT
* Business studies (enterprise)
* Catering
* Art
* Media studies
* Photography

## House system

Trentham Academy operates a house system involving all years. On admission to the school, each student is assigned to one of the three houses:
* Pioneer (Red)
* Voyager (Green)
* Apollo (Yellow)
Within these houses, the students have morning form sessions together consisting of students from years 7 to 9.
House competitions include:
* Football
* Basketball
* Netball
* Sports day
* Talent shows (a variety of singing, dancing, comics, etc.)
* Point collecting (for excellence in subjects and attendance)
Each house is led by an achievement manager, who is in charge of organising all house activities. They are assisted by two house captains, selected from the year 11 students. The house captains are responsible for organising and preparing the teams for the competitions and often officiate at the events themselves. All students and staff are members of a house. Students at Trentham Academy are all placed into house tutor groups. A student in year 7 will therefore be placed in a tutor group composed of fellow year 7 students and a number of year 8 and 9 students forming a vertical tutor group. This enables older students to support and ‘buddy’ year 7 students in all aspects of school life.

## Feeder schools

* Ash Green Primary School
* Priory Church Academy
* willows

## Leavers destinations

Trentham does have a sixth form but most students progress their studies onto local sixth forms and college. The main destinations include: City of Stoke-on-Trent Sixth Form College, Newcastle-under-Lyme College sixth form and local grammar school St Josephs Sixth Form.
On average students leave with 14 GCSEs.

## Alumni

Karl Henry (1998)
John Brayford (2003)
Sam Kelsall (2009)
Tom Taylor (2011)
James Taylor (2017)
# Trematosuchoides

Trematosuchoides is an extinct genus of trematosaurid temnospondyl.
# Deno

Deno may refer to:

## People

* Deno (singer) (born 2002), English singer and actor
* Deno Andrews (born 1971), American billiards player
* Dave Deno (born 1956 or 1957), American businessman
* Lottie Deno (1844–1934), American gambler

## Other uses

* Deno (Rila), a peak in the eastern part of the Rila Mountain, Bulgaria
* Deno (software), a JavaScript/TypeScript runtime
* Deno language, spoken in Nigeria
* Deno's Wonder Wheel Amusement Park, Coney Island, US
# Densign White

Densign White MBE (born 21 December 1961) is a British male retired judoka. White competed at the 1984, 1988 and the 1992 Summer Olympics.

## Judo career

White won the first of his nine British titles after winning the light-middleweight division at the British Judo Championships in 1980. He stepped up in weight the following year to claim a second title and then completed three in a row when reverting back to -78kg in 1982. After settling at middleweight, he won a fourth title in 1983 before he was selected to represent Great Britain at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He competed in the men's 86 kg division, where he reached the quarter final and repechage final but lost to Walter Carmona in the bronze medal play off. In 1986, he won the silver medal in the 86kg weight category at the judo demonstration sport event as part of the 1986 Commonwealth Games.
A fifth and sixth British title in 1985 and 1987 was followed by a bronze medal at the 1987 World Judo Championships and a silver medal at the 1987 European Judo Championships. In 1988, he won British title number seven and repeated his success at the 1988 European Championships in Pamplona by winning another silver medal. It was also during 1988 that he went to his second Olympic Games, competing in the men's -86kg class and once again just failed to secure a medal after losing in the repechage final.
He won an eighth British title in 1989 and secure a bronze medal at the 1990 European Judo Championships in Frankfurt. He also represented England and won a gold medal in the 86kg middleweight category, at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand. In 1989 he won his ninth and final British title before represting Great Britain for a third time at the Olympic Games. In Barcelona, he competed in the men's 86kg category, failing to progress from Pool A. It was his last major championships and ended a very successful career.

## Personal life

White is married to Tessa Sanderson. He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2020 Birthday Honours for services to diversity in sport as chair of Sporting Equals.
# Deoni cattle

The Deoni is an Indian breed of draught cattle. It is named after the taluk of Deoni in the Latur district of Maharashtra state, and is distributed mainly in the Latur, Nanded, Osmanabad and Parbhani districts of the Marathwada region of Maharashtra,$^{:36}$ as well as the Bidar district of Karnataka.
# Transaction malleability problem

The transaction malleability problem is a vulnerability in blockchain which can be exploited by altering a cryptographic hash, such as the digital signature used to identify a cryptocurrency transaction. Transaction malleability is considered to be one of the largest ongoing threats to blockchain technology, as it can compromise financial transactions such as Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency transactions, and cause other issues in the network.

## Discovery

The transaction malleability problem became known to the Bitcoin community in 2011.
In February 2014, Japanese Bitcoin exchange Mt. Gox revealed that they had been targeted by an exploit in Bitcoin protocol called "Transaction Malleability". At the time, Mt. Gox was the world's largest bitcoin exchange, handling approximately 70% of all bitcoin transactions. The company reportedly lost hundreds of millions of dollars worth of Bitcoin due to this bug. After failing to attract enough investors to offset its losses, Mt. Gox suspended withdrawals, and closed its website. The company soon filed for bankruptcy with CEO Mark Karpelès resigning.
Shortly after Mt. Gox's announcement, it was revealed that Silk Road 2.0 had lost $2.7 million worth of Bitcoin due to an unknown hacker who exploited transaction malleability.
A 2014 study published by Christian Decker and Roger Wattenhofer found that no major transaction malleability exploitations had occurred prior to the MT. Gox attack.

## Applications and threats

Transaction malleability can be used to alter the unique ID of a monetary transaction before it is confirmed. For example, it is possible for a hacker to fool computer systems into erroneously sending multiple transactions by manipulating the TX ID of a bitcoin transaction.
# Department of Science

Department of Science may refer to:
* Department of Science (1972–75), an Australian government department
* Department of Science (1975–78), an Australian government department
* Department of Science (1984–87), an Australian government department
# Louis Welden Hawkins

Louis Welden Hawkins (1849–1910) was a Symbolist painter. He was born of English parents, later taking French nationality.

## Life

He was born in Stuttgart, Germany on 1 July 1849. His mother was an Austrian Baroness, his father an Englishman.
He soon moved to France and later took French nationality. He attended the Académie Julian in Paris. Hawkins rose to fame after his expositions in the Salon de la Société des Artistes Francais. His first works were shown in the Salon in 1881. After that, expositions followed at the Salon de la Société des Beaux-Arts (1894–1911), the Salon de la Rose + Croix (1894–95) and La Libre Esthétique in Brussels.
He lived for a period with Camille Pelletan, a radical socialist politician, and he continued to move in radical circles. In his Portrait of Séverine (1895), he shows a popular journalist, Séverine, who was a famous defender of humanitarian causes. He was also friendly with artists such as James Abbott McNeill Whistler and Auguste Rodin, whose portrait he painted.
He spent his last years in Brittany, where he painted mostly landscapes.
He died on 1 May 1910 and was honoured a year later at the Salon Nationale.

## Style

After his education at the Académie Julian, Hawkins chose the path of Symbolism. Symbolism began as an artistic movement that developed from Romanticism in France in the second half of the 19th century, taking its themes of decadence, dandyism and mysticism. Symbolism was a reaction to Impressionism. Symbolist painting emphasized fantasy and imagination in their depiction of objects. Symbolist artists often used metaphors and symbols to suggest a subject and favored mystical themes. Hawkins became famous because of his fine and dreamy female portraits.

## Selected paintings

* The Eiffel Tower seen from the Trocadero
* A Peasant (circa 1880)
* Portrait of a Woman
* Procession of Souls (circa 1890)
* Idyll (circa 1890)

## Other selected works

* Le Foyer, musée des Beaux-Arts in Nantes.
* Musée d'Orsay in Paris
** Le Sphinx et la Chimère, 1906, oil, 80x73 cm
** Portrait de Jeune Homme, 1881, huile sur toile, 57x44,5 cm
* Une prière à Dieu, 1900, watercolor
* Procession des Âmes, 1893, oil, 67.4 x 44 cm
* L'Innocence, about 1895, oil, 73 x 50.4 cm, Amsterdam, Van Gogh museum.
# Louis Werfel

Chaplain Louis (Eliezer) Werfel (1916–1943) was a Jewish chaplain who was one of only six Jewish Chaplains and the only Orthodox Rabbi killed in action during World War II. Werfel's fellow soldiers gave him the nickname "The Flying Rabbi" because he traveled to remote locations throughout North Africa by plane.
Werfel attended Yeshiva University, graduating from its Yeshiva College for Men in 1937, and earning rabbinic ordination from its Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary in 1940. After enlisting in the Army in August 1942, he trained at the Chaplain’s Center at Harvard.
# Tribes with Flags

"Tribes With Flags" is part of a phrase attributed to Tahseen Bashir, an Egyptian diplomat (April 1925 – June 11, 2002). Regarding his belief in the centrality of Egypt within the Middle East he opined: "Egypt is the only nation-state in the Arab world; the rest are just tribes with flags".
Another version of Mr. Bashir's ‘flag’ quip is:
   'When the chips are down, there is only one real place in the entire area – Egypt', a Cairo diplomat once declared. 'All the rest – forgive me – are tribes with flags'.
Two book titles based on this quote are Tribes With Flags: A Dangerous Passage Through the Chaos of the Middle East (Apr. 1990) and Tribes With Flags: A Journey Curtailed (1992), both by Charles Glass.
# Tribes of Neurot

Tribes of Neurot is an American experimental music group formed by the members of Neurosis in 1995. Their music incorporates tribal sounds into ambient atmospheres.

## History

Tribes of Neurot is a side project of Neurosis that consists of all the members of Neurosis along with additional guest performers. The music explores many of the same themes that Neurosis does but from a radically different angle. Whereas Neurosis has structured songs rooted in heavy metal music, Tribes of Neurot has given them the freedom to explore practically anything in music and sound. For example, their album Adaptation and Survival (2002) consists entirely of insect noises which were mixed and altered similar to Musique concrète, to create something that sounds entirely different from the source material. Their albums can be wildly diverse, but Tribes of Neurot is often influenced by atmospheric dark ambient and similar genres.
Many of their releases coincide with Neurosis releases, such as Silver Blood Transmission and Neurosis' Through Silver in Blood. Tribes of Neurot's Grace epitomizes this: released alongside Neurosis' Times of Grace, the two discs are meant to be played simultaneously for an enhanced experience that neither disc delivers on its own.
Neurosis has been on hiatus since 2019, and Tribes of Neurot has not released any new material since 2005. The future of Tribes of Neurot is uncertain, given the 2022 announcement that Neurosis frontman Scott Kelly had been quietly expelled in 2019 from the band due to abusing his wife and family, news of which was not announced at the time due to a request for privacy from Kelly's wife.

## Discography
### Albums

* Silver Blood Transmission (1995 Release Entertainment)
* Static Migration (collaboration with Walking Time Bombs) (1998 Release Entertainment)
* Grace (1999 Neurot Recordings)
* Adaptation and Survival (2002 Neurot Recordings)
* Cairn 4×CD (2002 Neurot Recordings)
* A Resonant Sun CD (2002 Relapse Records)
* Meridian (2005 Neurot Recordings)

### EPs

* Rebegin 2×7″ (1995 Alleysweeper Records)
* Locust Star (1996 Relapse Records)
* Rebegin CDEP (1997 Invisible Records)
* God of the Center 10-inch EP (1997 Conspiracy Records)
* Untitled 12-inch EP (1997 Abuse Records)
* Spring Equinox 1999 CDEP (1999 Neurot Recordings)
* Summer Solstice 1999 CDEP (1999 Neurot Recordings)
* Autumn Equinox 1999 CDEP (1999 Neurot Recordings)
* Winter Solstice 1999 CDEP (1999 Neurot Recordings)
* Spring Equinox 2000 CDEP (2000 Neurot Recordings)
* Summer Solstice 2000 CDEP (2000 Neurot Recordings)
* Autumn Equinox 2000 CDEP (2000 Neurot Recordings)
* Winter Solstice 2000 CDEP (2000 Neurot Recordings)
* Spring Equinox 2001 CDEP (2001 Neurot Recordings)
* Summer Solstice 2001 CDEP (2001 Neurot Recordings)
* Autumn Equinox 2001 CDEP (2001 Neurot Recordings)
* Winter Solstice 2001 CDEP (2001 Neurot Recordings)
* split 7-inch with Earth (2007 Neurot Recordings)

### Compilation/Live

* 60° (60 Degrees) (2000 Neurot Recordings)
* Live at the Pale (2001 Neurot Recordings)
# Shalimar rail yard

Shalimar rail yard served as a terminus for goods trains and hosted a rail yard since its inception in 1883. In recent years, it has been brought into the network of passenger train stations, developing into Shalimar Station, to reduce pressure on Howrah Station. Apart from suburban trains, few long-distance trains have been introduced or moved over here (from Howrah station). It is under Kharagpur railway division.
Shalimar still serves as an important transshipment point in Kolkata. Shalimar also has port side domestic container terminals. An additional container terminal is also proposed there.
# Trent (ship)

Several ships have been named Trent:
* Trent (1790 ship) was launched at Hull. She was lost on Hogland, Russia in 1791 as she was sailing from London to Saint Petersburg, Russia.
* Trent (1797 ship), of 284 tons (bm), was launched by Edward Morley, Howden. She suffered major misfortunes in 1836 and 1843, and was wrecked in 1856.
# Shanon Cook

Shanon Cook is an Australian entertainment journalist and producer based in the United States. A former CNN entertainment reporter, she currently works as a spokesperson for the music streaming service Spotify, where she appears on TV and radio and talks to online and print media about music trends as well as popular and emerging artists.

## Career

Cook has appeared as a pop culture expert on Entertainment Tonight, BBC America, CBS, CBSN, ABC News and CNET as well as CNN, where she worked for 12 years as a producer and reporter, mainly covering music and entertainment. In 2004-05 Cook presented daily live entertainment reports on the HLN morning show Robin and Co., now known as Morning Express with Robin Meade. In 2002-04 Cook was a producer and reporter for the CNN International show The Music Room, a half-hour show about popular bands and artists. In 2007 she hosted four specials for CNN.com about music and the arts. During her tenure at CNN, Cook interviewed entertainment figures such as Kanye West, Britney Spears, Alicia Keys, Sting, Pharrell, Annie Lennox, Jennifer Lopez, and Yo-Yo Ma. Cook was one of the last reporters to interview the band R.E.M. before they disbanded in 2011, and she reported live from Washington DC on the entertainment surrounding the inauguration of President Barack Obama. Cook also hosted an interview segment called Music & Conversation with Shanon Cook which aired on CNN International and CNN.com.
Aside from reporting on showbiz, Cook has covered business news for CNN International, breaking world news for CNN’s weekend broadcasts, and has anchored live news on CNN.com. In February 2008 Cook was a correspondent for Full Frontal Fashion and covered New York Fashion Week in Fall 2008 and Spring 2009, interviewing designers and celebrities like Marc Jacobs, Diane von Furstenberg, and Donna Karan. Cook also hosted a travel series called MIA: Most Interesting Assistant that aired on MOJO HD and was a regular host of Firebrand on ION Television, a show about TV commercials. Cook appears as reporter Cassandra Blair during the live-action video scenes of EA’s Command and Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars which was released in March 2007.
As a writer, Cook's work has been published on CNN.com, in Billboard Magazine and on Refinery29, and she released an e-book, The Baby Bumps, a autobiographical account of combining motherhood with a career in the television business.
Cook joined Spotify as the company's global trends expert and spokesperson in 2013.

## Personal life

Cook was born in Melbourne, Australia and graduated from the Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia with a Bachelor of Arts degree, majoring in journalism.
# Shekar Dattatri

Shekar Dattatri is an Indian herpetologist and wildlife filmmaker from Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

## Career

Shekar Dattatri's lifelong fascination with wildlife began at the age of 14, when he joined the famous Madras Snake Park as a student-volunteer. This led to nature photography and, subsequently, to filmmaking. He also was among the discoverers of the snake species Oligodon nikhili.

## Publications

* Whitaker, Romulus; Dattatri, Shekar (1982). "A new species of Oligodon from the Palni Hills, South India (Serpentes: Colubridae)". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 79 (3): 630-631).

## Filmography

* The Truth About Tigers
* A cooperative for Snake Catchers
# Deracolliery Township

Deracolliery Township is a census town in Angul district in the state of Odisha, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Deracolliery Township had a population of 18,583. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Deracolliery Township has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 82% and, female literacy is 71%. In Deracolliery Township, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
# Trichoglottis atropurpurea

Trichoglottis atropurpurea, the dark purple trichoglottis, is a species of orchid endemic to the Philippines. This hot to warm growing epiphyte was first found growing in mangrove swamps in the islands of Biliran, Catanduanes, Mindanao (Agusan del Sur and Davao) and Polillo. The plant shares the same appearance with T. philippinensis except for the rich dark color of the blooms and slight variation of the perianth. This species was first described in 1877 by the German botanist Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, an expert on the orchid family. At that time, thousands of newly discovered orchids were being sent back to Europe, and he was responsible for identifying, describing and classifying many of these new discoveries.

## Description

Trichoglottis atropurpurea is a fairly large epiphytic species of orchid, with stems reaching 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 in) long. Fleshy white roots grow out of the stems which are leafy towards the tip. The leaves, which overlap and semi-clasp the stem are oblong or oblong-ovate and slightly keeled. They are 3 to 8 cm (1.2 to 3.1 in) long and 2.5 to 4 cm (1.0 to 1.6 in) wide. The inflorescence grows from the leaf axil and bears one or two fleshy, fragrant flowers, up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in) in diameter. The five tepals are some shade of dark reddish-purple, and the hairy, lobed, lip is white with purple streaks and a splash of yellow near the base.

## Gallery

* Photos of Trichoglottis atropurpurea
* Trichoglottis atropurpurea flower
* Trichoglottis atropurpurea habitus