OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spearman (surname)

Spearman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexander Spearman (1901–1982), British Member of Parliament
* Sir Alexander Young Spearman, 1st Baronet (1793–1874), British civil servant
* Armegis Spearman (born 1978), American football linebacker
* Charles Spearman (1863–1945)), English psychologist and statistician
* Clyde Spearman (fl. 1932–1946), American baseball player
* Craig Spearman (born 1972), New Zealand cricketer
* Diana Spearman (1905–1991), British writer and political activist
* Doug Spearman (born 1962), American actor
* Frank H. Spearman (1859–1937), American author known for his works on railroads
* Glenn Spearman (1947–1998), American saxophonist
* John Spearman (1824 – after 1901), American iron manufacturer
* Thomas David Spearman (born 1937), Irish mathematical physicist
# World Without Oil

World Without Oil (WWO) is an alternate reality game (ARG) created to call attention to, spark dialogue about, plan for and engineer solutions to a possible near-future global oil shortage, post peak oil. It was the creation of San Jose game writer and designer Ken Eklund, and ARG veterans Jane McGonigal, Dee Cook, Marie Lamb, Michelle Senderhauf, and Krystyn Wells were on the puppetmaster team. World Without Oil was presented by Independent Television Service (ITVS) with funding by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
The game's tagline is "Play it – before you live it."
The game concluded on June 1, 2007.

## The game

World Without Oil combined elements of an alternate reality game with those of a serious game. The game sketched out the overarching conditions of a realistic oil shock, then called upon players to imagine and document their lives under those conditions. Compelling player stories and ideas were incorporated into the official narrative, posted daily. Players could choose to post their stories as videos, images or blog entries, or to phone or email them to the WWO gamemasters. The game's central site linked to all the player material, and the game's characters documented their own lives, and commented on player stories, on a community blog and individual blogs, plus via IM, chat, Twitter and other media.
The game was announced on March 2, 2007, and its teaser site went live at that time. A countdown site appeared approximately 2 weeks before the gamestart on April 30, 2007. The game concluded 32 days later, on June 1, 2007.

## Goals

The World Without Oil game asked players to imagine a world reeling from a sudden oil shortage, describe how the crisis is unfolding where they live, and work together on simple and practical ways to adapt. By playing it out in a serious way, the game aimed to apply collective intelligence and imagination to the problem in advance, and create a record that has value for educators, policymakers, and the common people to help anticipate the future and prevent its worst outcomes. In sum, World Without Oil invited people to, per its slogan, “Play it - before you live it.”

## Acclaim

World Without Oil was an Awards Nominee in the Games category for a 2008 Webby Awards, earned an Honorable Mention for the Prix Green award for Environmental Art at the 01SJ 2008 festival, and was honored with a Special Mention in the Environment category for its contribution to humanity in the 2008 Stockholm Challenge. The game won the award for Activism at the South by Southwest Interactive conference in March 2008.
In 2022, World Without Oil was awarded a Peabody Award in a new category for Digital and Interactive Storytelling.

## Criticism

An in depth analysis of player contributions in the game challenges the above claims by revealing the dominance of a handful of players including the puppet masters and commonplace sustainability themes such as alternate commute options or local foods.
# Robert Henke

Robert B. Henke (born 1969) is a German computer music artist working in the fields of audiovisual installation, music and performance. He was born in Munich, Germany, and lives in Berlin.
Coming from an engineering background, Henke is fascinated by the beauty of technical objects. Developing his own instruments and algorithms is an integral part of his creative process. His materials are computer generated sound and images, field recordings, photography and light; transformed, re-arranged and modulated by mathematical rules, real time interaction and controlled random operations. Many of his works use multiple channels of audio or are specifically conceived for unique locations and their individual properties. For the past few years, he has been exploring the artistic usage of high power lasers in his installations and performances.
Robert Henke is also a co-creator of the music software Ableton Live, with Gerhard Behles.
Since 1995 he has produced electronic music under the name Monolake, which he founded in collaboration with Gerhard Behles.
He writes and lectures about sound and the creative use of computers at the Berlin University of the Arts, the Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA) at Stanford University, and the Studio National des Arts Contemporains - Le Fresnoy in Lille, France.
His installations, performances and concerts have been presented at the Tate Modern London, the Centre Pompidou Paris, Le Lieu Unique Nantes, PS-1 New York, MUDAM Luxembourg, MAK Vienna, the Art Gallery of New South Wales in Australia, KW Institute for Contemporary Art, Berlin.

## Selected installations

* Fountain Scan
* Cos/Sin
* Destructive Observation Field
* Werk III
* Fragile Territories
* Ritual
* Phosphor
* Works for Wave Field Synthesis
* Fundamental Forces

## Selected performances

* CBM 8032 AV
* Deep Web
* Lumiere II
* Destructive Observation Field
* Monolake Live Surround
* Intersection
* Atlantic Waves

## Selected albums

* Monolake - Studio (2024)
* Monolake - Archaeopteryx (2020)
* Monolake - VSLI (2016)
* Monolake - Ghosts (2012)
* Monolake - Silence (2009)
* Robert Henke - Indigo_Transform (2009)
* Robert Henke - Atom/Document (2008)
* Robert Henke - Layering Buddha (2006)
* Monolake - Plumbicon Versions (2006)
* Monolake - Polygon Cities (2005)
* Robert Henke - Signal To Noise (2004)
* Monolake - Momentum (2003)
* Monolake - Cinemascope (2001)
* Monolake - Gravity (2000)
* Monolake - Gobi. The Desert EP (1999)
* Monolake - Interstate (1998)
* Monolake - Floating.Point (1997)
* Monolake - Hongkong (1997)
* Robert Henke - Piercing Music (1994)
# São Bento (carrack)

Woodcut depicting the shipwreck of São Bento :
| History ||
| Fate | Wrecked 1554 |
| General characteristics ||
| Tonnage | 900 tons |
São Bento (Saint Benedict), commanded by captain Fernão de Álvares Cabral, the son of Pedro Álvares Cabral, was a Portuguese carrack of 900 tons wrecked in April 1554 near the mouth of the Msikaba River, midway between Port Edward and Port St. Johns on the Transkei coast of South Africa. The ship had left Cochin on 1 February 1554 and was en route to Lisbon with a cargo of spices, coconuts, silks, porcelain, cornelian beads, cotton cloth and other luxury goods. There are no hull remains at the site.

## Background

On the night of 24 April 1554, São Bento was sailing in stormy weather off the Transkei coast. The ship was in a poor state of repair and overloaded, and when she ran aground, she quickly sank at the mouth of a gully on the seaward side of the island at the river mouth, with the loss of 44 Portuguese and over one hundred slaves. Two years earlier on 10 June 1552 São João had been wrecked along the same stretch of coast at Port Edward, almost certainly accounting for the name of the nearby settlement of Port St. Johns.
The survivors, one of whom was Manuel de Mesquita Perestrelo and who later wrote an account of the disaster, made camp on the south bank of the river and put up a shelter which was "a superb lodging made of rich carpets, pieces of good cloth and silk, put to very different use from that for which they were made."
On 28 April 1554, after crossing the Msikaba River on rafts made from barrels lashed together, a party of 224 slaves and 98 Portuguese headed north along the coast to the Portuguese trading post established at Inhambane in 1534, and a distance of some 970 km (600 mi) as the crow flies from the site of the wreck. Some able-bodied men were armed with lances and swords, but there was only one musket between the lot. "Having crossed the river, we put ourselves in marching order, carrying a crucifix bound upon a lance… We arranged ourselves in single file, and set our faces towards the interior by a path made by elephants, directing ourselves towards a height where it seemed to us we might discover some settlement."
Only twenty Portuguese survivors and three slaves managed to reach safety in Mozambique.
# Washboard

Washboard may refer to:
* Washboard (laundry), a tool for washing clothes
* Washboard (musical instrument), a percussion instrument
* Washboarding, corrugation on gravel or dirt roads
* Short for washboard abs, visible rectus abdominis muscle
# M. Louise Gross

M. Louise Gross (1884–1951) was secretary to New York City Tammany Hall district leader Thomas F. Foley, a close associate of Al Smith. She served in leadership positions in repeal of prohibition organizations including the Molly Pitcher Club, the Women's Moderation Union, and the Women's Committee for Modification of the Volstead Act. Following repeal, Gross became a registered lobbyist in Washington, D.C.

## Education

Gross, a native New Yorker, graduated from White Plains High School before attending Fordham University where she studied law.

## Political activism
### Prohibition

A Democrat, Gross lead supporters in anti-prohibition activities through the Molly Pitcher Club, a 'wet' organization that operated within the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment.

## Sources

* 1 2 Rose, Kenneth D. American Women and the Repeal of Prohibition (American Social Experience Series; 33); 1996, New York University Press, New York, NY. Pg 67.
# Tracy L. Garrett

Tracy L. Garrett is a retired major general of the United States Marine Corps Reserve. During her military career, she served as the first female Inspector General of the Marine Corps.

## Education

Garrett is a graduate of the University of Washington where she was a member of Kappa Delta sorority (Sigma Iota chapter) and the Naval War College.

## Military career

Tracy L. Garrett entered the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps, and in 1978 graduated from the University of Washington with a degree in English. During this time, she studied abroad in Austria. Following graduation, she was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps. Her father had been in the Marine Corps, and she had made the decision to pursue a career there while in high school. She had specifically intended to join the reserves so that she could also raise a family.
In 1998, Garrett graduated with a master's degree in national security and strategic studies at the Naval War College in Rhode Island.
Garrett held a variety of commands, and served in the Iraq War between September 2004 and March 2005 as chief of staff of the 1st Force Service Support Group. In 2007, she was promoted to brigadier general, and again in 2010 to major general. She has served as commander of the United States Marine Corps Forces, Europe and Africa, and was the first female Inspector General of the Marine Corps.
Since 2010, Garrett has been a director of the USAA. Following 36 years of service, she retired from the Marine Corps on May 8, 2014; her posting immediately prior to retirement was as special adviser to the Commander of the United States Africa Command located in Stuttgart, Germany. She would commute on a monthly basis from her home in Seattle.

## Later life

Following retirement, Garrett continues to work with the USAA, and with the Girl Scouts of the USA in western Washington state, having been in the Girl Scouts as a child.

## Awards

Garrett's awards include the Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, Meritorious Service Medal, Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal, and Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal.
# Servicemember's Access to Justice Act

The Servicemembers Access to Justice Act of 2008 (SAJA) (S. 3432) was introduced on August 1, 2008, by Senators Barack Obama, Edward Kennedy and Robert Casey. The bill was an attempt to ensure that returning reservists keep their jobs and employment benefits as required under current law. The bill was referred to committee and failed to become law in the 110th Congress.
Specifically, SAJA would have made it easier for servicemembers to obtain justice when their employment rights are violated by prohibiting employers from requiring servicemembers to give up their ability to enforce their rights under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) in court in order to get or keep a job. It also would have added minimum liquidated damages for willful violations and punitive damages for violations committed with malice.
SAJA was an attempt by its supporters to restore what they believe was the original intent of Congress to protect servicemembers under USERRA by making it clear that USERRA prohibits employers from paying lower wages to servicemembers simply because of their status as a servicemember, veteran, or applicant to be a servicemember.
# Taxi nach Kairo

Taxi nach Kairo is a 1987 film written and directed by Frank Ripploh and the sequel to Taxi zum Klo. The title translates to Taxi to Cairo.

## Synopsis

The plot centers on a love triangle between Frank, Klara, an actress posing as Frank's wife in order to appease his mother, and their neighbor, Eugen.

## Cast

* Frank Ripploh as Frank Ripploh
* Christine Neubauer as Klara
* Udo Schenk as Eugen
* Bernd Broaderup as Bernd Broaderup
* Nina Schuehl
* Domenica Niehoff
* Burkhard Driest
# William Ramsay (Royal Navy officer)

Rear-Admiral Sir William Ramsay KCB (born Burnett; 27 May 1796 – 3 December 1871) was a Scottish admiral in the Royal Navy.

## Early life and family

Ramsay was born at Balmain House in Aberdeenshire, the sixth son of Alexander Burnett (later known as Sir Alexander Ramsay, 1st Baronet of Balmain), and his wife, Elizabeth Bannerman, daughter of Sir Alexander Bannerman, 4th Baronet. Alexander Burnett was the second son of Catherine Ramsay, the granddaughter of Sir Charles Ramsay, 3rd Baronet of Balmain of an earlier creation (1625) in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, which was inherited by Catherine's brother Alexander. Catherine Ramsay married Sir Thomas Burnett of Leys, 6th Baronet and their elder son, Robert, inherited the Burnett baronetcy. Catherine's brother Alexander, the 6th Baronet, died without sons in 1806 (though two relatives styled themselves as the next baronet, without proving parentage), at which point the Nova Scotia baronetcy either became extinct or dormant. In 1806, Sir Alexander Ramsay, 6th Baronet bequeathed his estates to his nephew Alexander Burnett. The baronetcy was revived in favour of Burnett a few months after Sir Alexander's death, who changed the family surname to Ramsay.
His elder brothers included Sir Alexander Ramsay, 2nd Baronet of Balmain and Dean Edward Ramsay, leader of the Scottish Episcopal Church.

## Career

He entered the Royal Navy in 1809. He became a Lieutenant in 1821. From 1829 to 1831 he commanded HMS Black Joke. During his command Black Joke chased, boarded, and captured the larger Spanish slave ship Marinerito, freeing over 400 slaves. He became a Commander in 1831 and a captain in 1838.. His main command was HMS Terrible, a uniquely profiled paddle steamer with two pairs of funnels. He joined the ship from its initial launch at Woolwich Dockyard in 1845. He then joined the Channel Squadron. In 1847 he was put to special duties on a new ship, HMS Dragon, conveying food to Ireland during the Great Famine, before returning to HMS Terrible for duties in the Mediterranean. In 1852 he joined HMS Hogue, first in its duties as a guard ship at Devonport then on duties in the Baltic Sea during the Crimean War.
He was made Rear Admiral in 1857 and retired with the rank of Vice Admiral in 1866. Queen Victoria created him a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in June 1869.
He retired to live with his brother Dean Ramsay at 23 Ainslie Place on the Moray Estate in west Edinburgh.
He died unmarried on 3 December 1871, aged 75. He is buried with his brother in the eastern enclosure of St John's Episcopal Church, Edinburgh (on Princes Street). Some references place him in the immediately adjacent churchyard: St Cuthberts.
# Wardill

Wardill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benjamin Wardill (1842–1917), Australian cricketer and cricket administrator
* Dick Wardill (1872–1929), Australian rules footballer and coach
* Emily Wardill (born 1977), British artist and filmmaker
* Joe Wardill (born 1997), British rugby league footballer
* Richard Wardill (1840–1873), Australian cricketer
# Disputanta

Disputanta may refer to:
* Disputanta, Kentucky, an unincorporated community located in Rockcastle County
* Disputanta, Virginia, an unincorporated community in Prince George County
# Treichelia

Treichelia is a genus of plants in the Campanulaceae. It contains two known species, both endemic to Cape Provinces of South Africa.
* Treichelia dodii Cupido
* Treichelia longibracteata (H.Buek) Vatke
# Sexify

Sexify may refer to:
* "Sexify" (song), a 2012 single by Leah LaBelle
* Sexify (TV series), a Polish television series
# Spartacus to the Gladiators at Capua

"Spartacus to the Gladiators at Capua" is a rhetorical monologue written by Elijah Kellogg for a student competition at Bowdoin College in 1842, and later published by Epes Sargent, one of the judges, in his 1846 School Reader. The piece, written as if it were an actual declamation by Spartacus to his fellows during the slave rebellion against the Roman Empire known as the Third Servile War, became popular in collections of rhetoric in the late 19th century.
# Wrapper library

Wrapper libraries (or library wrappers) consist of a thin layer of code (a "shim") which translates a library's existing interface into a compatible interface. This is done for several reasons:
* To refine a poorly designed or complicated interface
* Allow code to work together which otherwise cannot (e.g. incompatible data formats)
* Enable cross language and/or runtime interoperability
Wrapper libraries can be implemented using the adapter, façade, and to a lesser extent, proxy design patterns.

## Structure and implementation

The specific way in which a wrapper library is implemented is highly specific to the environment it is being written in and the scenarios which it intends to address. This is especially true in the case when cross-language/runtime interoperability is a consideration.

### Example

The following provides a general illustration of a common wrapper library implementation. In this example, a C++ interface acts as a "wrapper" around a C interface.

#### C++ wrapper

The original C interface can be regarded as error prone, particularly in the case where users of the library forget to unlock an already locked mutex. The new interface effectively utilizes resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) in the new Mutex and Lock classes to ensure Mutexs are eventually unlocked and pthread_mutex_t objects are automatically released.
The above code closely mimics the implementation of boost::scoped_lock and boost::mutex which are part of the boost::thread library.

### Driver wrappers
## Cross-language/runtime interoperability

Some wrapper libraries exist to act as a bridge between a client application and a library written using an incompatible technology. For instance, a Java application may need to execute a system call. However system calls are typically exposed as C library functions. To resolve this issue Java implements wrapper libraries which make these system calls callable from a Java application.
In order to achieve this, languages like Java provide a mechanism called foreign function interface that makes this possible. Some examples of these mechanisms include:
* Java Native Interface (JNI)
* Java Native Access (JNA)
* A foreign function library for Python
* Managed Extensions
* SWIG (Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator)

## Existing wrapper libraries

Some examples of existing wrapper libraries:
* Pthreads for WIN32
* OpenGL Bindings for Python
* MySQL++
* JavaCV
* WineD3D
# Ciccio Troise

Francesco "Ciccio" Troise is a retired Italian footballer and coach. He has previously worked with Giuseppe Sannino and Fabio Cannavaro.

## Career

Following the end of his playing career, Troise began coaching in the amateur game in Naples. In 2013, he became the technical assistant of Giuseppe Sannino at Chievo Verona. In December 2013, Troise was appointed assistant coach to Sannino at English Championship side Watford. He left the club with Sannino in August 2014, with the same staff being appointed at Catania the following month. They remained at the club for three months.
In 2015, Troise moved to China to work under Fabio Cannavaro at Guangzhou Evergrande. In 2016, he re-united with Cannavaro at Saudi Arabian club Al Nassr, and would work under him again when he returned to China to coach Tianjin Quanjian. There they won the second tier championship to win promotion, and finished third in the Chinese Super League the following season, qualifying for the Asian Champions League.
In 2017, Troise joined Cannavaro's staff as he returned to Guanghzou Evergrande. Under Cannavaro's management the club won a league championship, twice finished second and also won the Cup of China and reached the semi-finals of the Champions League. In 2019, midway through their time at Guangzhou, Cannavaro and Troise coached the Chinese national side. In April 2024 the coaching team were appointed by Calcio Udinese initially until the end of the current season.
# William Wilton (disambiguation)

William Wilton was a football manager.
William Wilton may also refer to:
* William de Wylton (also Wilton), English 14th century college Fellow and university chancellor
* William McConnell Wilton (fl. 1937–1953), Northern Irish Unionist politician and footballer
* William Wilton (MP) for Reading (UK Parliament constituency) 1413 and 1423
# Mesoteuthis

Mesoteuthis is a genus of belemnite, an extinct group of cephalopods.

## Taxonomical history

A belemnite originally described as Cylindroteuthis confessa has been re-described as Mesoteuthis soloniensis.
# Sinhung station

Sinhŭng station is a railway station in Sinhŭng-ŭp, Sinhŭng county, South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea on the Sinhŭng Line of the Korean State Railway. It is the changing point between the standard and narrow gauge sections of the line. There are facilities for servicing the locomotives and rolling stock of the narrow gauge line here, and there is a short (narrow gauge) branch to P'ungdŏk, an industrial halt in Sinhŭng-rodongjagu.

## History

The station, originally called Hamnam Sinhŭng station, was opened on 1 October 1926 by the Sinhŭng Railway as part of the 15.1 km (9.4 mi) third section of its Hamnam Line between P'ungsang and here. The Sinhŭng Railway was bought and absorbed by the Chosen Railway on 22 April 1938. It received its current name after the establishment of the DPRK.