OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Twin Pagodas (Suzhou)

The Twin Pagodas are the main remnant of the Dinghui Buddhist temple in Suzhou, China.
Twin pagodas are a rare feature of Chinese temples, which usually had a single pagoda. Both are built of brick and they are similar in size, having eight sides and seven stories. Except for the octagonal room on the second floor, all rooms are square, each one staggered 45 degrees from the lower storey. The pagodas are about 30 metres high. Their steeples are made of iron and are long relative to the whole pagoda, which is also rare among ancient Chinese pagodas. Their names are Reliquary (Śarīra) Pagoda and Beneficial Virtue Reliquary Pagoda (or "Clarity Dispensing Pagoda" and "Beneficence Pagoda".)The pagodas were once called "Sarira Stupa" and "Sarira Stupa of Merits and Benevolence".)
Columns, plinths and decapitated statues belonging to the Tang-era temple can be seen near the pagodas.

## History

The pagodas were constructed in 982 AD during the Northern Song period through a donation of Wang Wenhan and his brother.
The temple was originally called Banruo, then Luohan during the Five Dynasties, then the West Temple in the late 10th century and finally Dinghui at the end of 11th century. The temple burned down in the last years of the Yuan dynasty and was rebuilt by the joint effort of four monks. It was destroyed again during the Second Opium War in 1860.
Su Shi, a notable litterateur of the Song period, was a close friend of Shou Qin, the abbot of the Dinghui Temple. After the former was banished to distant Huizhou, Shou Qin sent him encouraging poems, Ten Odes on Hansha, and personal letters from Su Shi's son Su Mai. Su Shi composed a response which was engraved on the temple walls during Ming times. According to an intellectual joke, the Twin Pagodas represented brushes while the nearby black tower dedicated to the God of Literature represented an inkstone.
# Turkel

Turkel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ann Turkel (born 1946), American actress and former model
* Bruce Turkel (born 1957), creative entrepreneur, speaker, and branding expert
* Eli Turkel, Israeli applied mathematician, Professor of Applied Mathematics at the School of Mathematical Sciences, Tel Aviv University
* Jacob Turkel (born 1935), Israeli judge, former Supreme Court of Israel Justice
* Joe Turkel (1927–2022), American character actor of film and television
* Nury Turkel (born 1970), Uyghur American attorney, public official and human rights advocate
# Steven Feldstein

Steven "Steve" Feldstein, is a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program. His work focuses on technology, U.S. foreign policy, international relations, democracy, and human rights. Feldstein authored The Rise of Digital Repression: How Technology is Reshaping Power, Politics, and Resistance (2021), which was the recipient of the 2023 Grawemeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order.

## Biography

He was born and raised in Bloomington, Indiana. He graduated magna cum laude from Princeton University in 2000 and earned his Juris Doctor from Berkeley Law in 2004. He worked as a consultant for InterAction where he advised the NGO on projects to promote human rights until 2017. In 2019 joined the Open Society Foundations to conduct research on the rise of digital repression globally, identifying how governments use digital assets to push their agendas.
Feldstein has published myriad writings on digital technology in warfare, the use of artificial intelligence in state oppression, geopolitical implications of technology, China’s digital authoritarianism, and internet repression. He developed a global AI surveillance index to track the use of digital tools by state actors and published an inventory of spyware and digital forensics used globally.
Previously, he served as an associate professor at Boise State University and sat on the Frank and Bethine Church Chair of Public Affairs. Feldstein has also served in multiple foreign policy positions in the U.S. government, including deputy assistant secretary in the U.S. Department of State. Prior to that role, he served as the director of policy at the U.S. Agency for International Development, and also worked as counsel on the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.
# Discontinuity effect

The discontinuity effect is known as the markedly greater competitiveness displayed between different, interacting groups relative to the competitiveness displayed when individuals interact with other individuals. Given that group competition over scarce resources is believed to lead to group-level conflict (see realistic group conflict theory), it has been asserted that the link between competition and conflict is also considerably more powerful between groups than between individuals. While individuals within a group may prefer to be cooperative, once they join together to make a collective unit, individual orientations favoring cooperation tend to be overshadowed by competitive orientations of the group.
The discontinuity between individuals and groups has been consistently replicated in laboratory settings, but are not confined to them. These effects emerge during sports activities, sessions of classes, and even when groups merge to plan or strategize (Forsyth, 2010).

## Causes

The discontinuity effect is consistent, which suggests that it emerges due to a number of causes, which may ultimately combine to intensify inter-group conflict. These causes are greed, anonymity, fear, ingroup favoritism, and diffusion of responsibility.
* Greed: First of all, when individuals congregate to form groups, they typically become more greedy. This change in disposition develops as group members realize and discover that they are in similar pursuit of maximizing group- level gains and are therefore in competition with other groups to achieve them. This social support then spurs the group members onto smaller levels of greed.
* Fear: People tend to fear aggregations of individuals (i.e., groups) more than they fear individuals in singularity. Groups are described as more abrasive, competitive, and aggressive, and also less agreeable, cooperative, and trustworthy. In extreme cases, this general distrust may lead to intergroup paranoia, which is the belief held by members of one group that they will be mistreated by members of a malevolent outgroup.
* Ingroup favoritism: Group members may feel pressure to do what they can to maximize a group’s collective outcomes and maintain a sense of group duty. This is the sense that as being a part of (or leader of) a group is to do what increases group achievements, even if it comes at a cost to an outside group.
* Diffusion of responsibility: This is a phenomenon whereby a person is less likely to take responsibility for an action or inaction while others are present, and it has been shown to contribute to the discontinuity effect. Individual group members may feel that others are either responsible for taking action, or have already done so, and therefore are not ultimately responsible for their actions within a group setting.
# Tennessee Border No. 2

"Tennessee Border #2" is a country music song written by Jimmy Work, sung by Red Foley and Ernest Tubb, and released on the Decca label. In December 1949, it reached No. 2 on the country best seller and disc jockey charts. It spent 10 weeks on the charts and was the No. 14 juke box country record of 1950.
# The Transformers: The Movie (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
The Transformers: The Movie (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the 1986 soundtrack from the motion picture The Transformers: The Movie. It was released in the United States by Scotti Bros. Records on LP and cassette. It was released in Japan by Pony Canyon on CD in 1989. In 1992, Scotti Bros. released the album on CD in the US. By 1999, it was subsequently re-issued by eventual successor company Volcano Entertainment, and was re-released in 2007 with updated cover art and four bonus tracks.

## Legacy

* Power-metal band N.R.G. has since been reborn as Damn Cheetah, with a first album release titled Primal.
* The Lion cover version of the main Transformers theme was itself covered on the NES by chiptune artist Inverse Phase and renamed to "NESformers".
* "Subsong 2" from the Commodore 64 game Turrican is actually the song "Escape" from The Transformers: The Movie soundtrack.
* Unicron’s theme appears in Transformers: Rise of the Beasts.

## In popular culture

* The song "The Touch" is performed by Mark Wahlberg's character Dirk Diggler in the 1997 film Boogie Nights. His performance appears as a hidden track on the soundtrack album to the film.
* Stan Bush's original version of "The Touch" was used in the 2008 Chuck episode "Chuck Versus Tom Sawyer". The song also appears in the games Shadow Warrior and Saints Row IV, along with an episode of American Dad! and The Goldbergs.
* The "Passiona High" sketch from cult Australian radio show Get This was based around several songs from the Transformers soundtrack, reworked into the storyline of an underdog nerd winning the eponymous school's annual synthesizer solo contest. The album tracks featured are "The Touch", "Autobot/Decepticon Battle", "Escape" and "Dare".
* The "Get Psyched Mix" from Barney Stinson and the "Bro Code" in How I Met Your Mother point "The Transformers Theme" as a "Classic Get Psyched Song".
* The Cybertronic Spree covers much of the album at conventions.
* "Dare" is featured in The Goldbergs Season 4 episode "Fonzie Scheme" during the scene when Barry is attempting to jump a golf cart off of a mound of dirt.
* "Dare" is featured in "Live Studio Audience," the seventh episode for the first season of the Netflix series GLOW, during a wrestling training montage between main characters Ruth and Debbie.
* "Dare" is used during the fight training scene in Goon: Last of the Enforcers.
# Communities of Communes of the Bas-Rhin département

The département of Bas-Rhin includes 1 urban community and 46 Communities of Communes gathering 517 communes over the 526 of the département. The commune of Siltzheim is part of the agglomeration community Sarreguemines Confluences which is in the département of Moselle.

## Urban Communities

* Urban Community of Strasbourg

## Agglomeration communities

(none)

## Communities of Communes

* Community of Communes Ackerland
* Community of Communes of the Alsace Bossue
* Community of Communes of the lower Zorn
* Community of Communes of Benfeld and surroundings
* Community of Communes of the Bernstein and the Ungersberg
* Community of Communes of Bischwiller and surroundings
* Community of Communes of the canton of Rosheim
* Community of Communes of the canton of Villé
* Community of Communes of the Carrefour des Trois Croix
* Community of Communes the Castles
* Community of Communes of the Coteaux of the Mossig
* Community of Communes of the Espace Rhénan
* Community of Communes of Gambsheim-Kilstett
* Community of Communes of the Grand Ried
* Community of Communes of the Hattgau and surroundings
* Community of Communes of the Upper-Bruche
* Community of Communes of the Kochersberg
* Community of Communes of the Lauter
* Community of Communes of Marckolsheim and surroundings
* Community of Communes of the Country of Erstein
* Community of Communes of the Country of Hanau
* Community of Communes of the Country of Marmoutier
* Community of Communes of the Country of Niederbronn-les-Bains
* Community of Communes of the Country of La Petite-Pierre
* Community of Communes of the Country of Sainte-Odile
* Community of Communes of the Country of Sarre-Union
* Community of Communes of the Country of Wissembourg
* Community of Communes of the Country of the Zorn
* Community of Communes of Pechelbronn
* Community of Communes of the Piedmont of Barr
* Community of Communes of the plain of the Sauer and the Seltzbach
* Community of Communes of the Vineyard's Gate
* Community of Communes of the region of Brumath
* Community of Communes of the region of Haguenau
* Community of Communes of the region of Saverne
* Community of Communes of the region of Molsheim-Mutzig
* Community of Communes of the Rhine
* Community of Communes Rhine-Moder
* Community of Communes of Sélestat
* Community of Communes of Seltz Delta of the Sauer
* Community of Communes of the Sommerau
* Community of Communes of the Soultzerland
* Community of Communes of the Uffried
* Community of Communes of the Moder Valley
* Community of Communes of the Sauer Valley
* Community of Communes of the Villages of the Kehlbach

## Communes not linked to any community

* Bitschhoffen
* Heiligenberg
* Jetterswiller
* Kleingoeft
* Niederhaslach
* Oberhaslach
* Still
* Urmatt
# Marie Adrien Persac

Marie Adrien Persac (December 14, 1823 – July 21, 1873) was a French-born American fine art painter, cartographer, photographer, and art teacher. Persac watercolored south Louisiana plantation houses and other aspects of the Southern landscape, and his work has much importance to Southern historians. His work was often signed, A. Persac.

## Early life

Marie Adrien Persac was born December 14, 1823, in Saumur, France to Pierre Edouard Persac and Pauline Sophie Marie Falloux. However the family perpetuated rumors of being from Lyon and it's possible he lived there briefly after leaving home. Between 1842 and 1850, he went to the United States. His educational background is unknown.
On December 8, 1851, he married Marie Odile Daigre, the daughter of a farmer in Baton Rouge and initially lived with her family in Manchac, Louisiana. Together they had three sons.

## Career

In 1856, Persac along with William G. Vail opened a daguerreotype photography studio on Florida Street in Baton Rouge. The daguerreotype photography studio did not last long, and Persac went on to work as an artist and lithographer for the press Pessou and Simon. While working at the press he published Benjamin Moore Norman's 1858 lithograph Norman's Chart of the Lower Mississippi River, to which he added several illustrations.
In 1859 he moved to New Orleans and he remained in the south during the American Civil War (1861–1865). While in New Orleans he completed 43 property drawings between 1859 and 1869, and 21 drawings were collaborations with civil engineer Eugene Surgi (1826–1914) and they are used by the New Orleans Notarial Archives and Research Center.
In 1865 he opened a photography studio in New Orleans with a photographer named Legras. Within a year the photography studio was his own and was relocated to 130 Chartres Street. By 1867, his listed his profession in the New Orleans city directory as architect and moved his studio to 83 Exchange Place. Later his profession was listed in the city directory as artist, and by 1873 engineer.
In 1869, he founded a drawing and painting school, where he taught portrait and landscape painting in oil and watercolor.
He died on July 21, 1873, in Manchac, Louisiana, at the Daigre family house and he is buried at Saint Joseph Catholic Cemetery in Baton Rouge.
Persac's work is included in various public museum collections including Louisiana State Museum, Louisiana State University Museum of Art, among others.
# Tsutsujigaoka Park

The Tsutsujigaoka Park (躑躅ヶ岡公園, Tsutsujigaoka Kōen) is a Japanese garden located in the city of Tatebayashi, Gunma Prefecture, Japan, which is a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty. It is also one of then "100 Japanese historical parks" designated in 2006 by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism to mark the 50th anniversary of the Urban Parks Law.

## Overview

This park was originally a garden for the daimyō of Tatebayashi Domain and was constructed in the early Edo period. It contains about 10,000 azalea plants, some of which are over 800 years old and is a popular sightseeing spot in Gunma Prefecture when the plants bloom from late April to early May. The park formerly contained a greenhouse with exotic plants (closed in 2010) and an aquarium (closed in 2015). The park has a total area of 49,890 square meters. It was designated a National Place of Scenic Beauty in 1934.
It is located about 25 minutes on foot from Tatebayashi Station on the Tobu Railway Isesaki Line.
It is featured as the 'ha' card in Jomo Karuta.
# The Flying Fox of Snowy Mountain (1999 TV series)

The Flying Fox of the Snowy Mountain 1999 is a Hong Kong television series adapted from Louis Cha's novels Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain and The Young Flying Fox. The series was first broadcast on TVB in Hong Kong in 1999.

## Plot

    See Fox Volant of the Snowy Mountain

## Cast

    Note: Some of the characters' names are in Cantonese romanisation.

### Main cast

* Sunny Chan as Wu Fei
* Charmaine Sheh as Miu Yeuk-lan
* Felix Wong as Wu Yat-do
* Maggie Shiu as Long Kim-chau
* Marco Ngai as Fuk-hong-on / Chan Ka-lok / Kin-lung Emperor
* Joyce Tang as Nip Song-ching (Yuen Tsi-yee+Ma Chun-Fa)

### Supporting cast

* Bell Liew as Yiu Yat-yat (Ching Ling-so)
* Wan Yeung-ming as Miu Yan-fung
* Eddie Cheung as Tin Kwai-nung
* Jo Jo as Nam Lan
* Gordon Liu as Shek Man-tsan
* Pau Fong as Mo-tsan
* Yung Kam-cheung as Seung Po-chun
* Chun Wong as Chiu Bun-san
* Lau Kong as Yim Kei
* Liu Kai-chi as Ping Ah-say
* Kwong Tso-fai as Man Tai-loi
* Fung Hiu-man as Lok Bing
* Li Kong as Yu Yu-tung
* Leung See-ho as Sam-yin
* Law Lan as Fuk-hong'on's mother
* Henry Lo as To Hei-mang
* Felix Lok as Lei Tsi-sing
* Law Lok-lam as Wu Sangui

## International broadcast

The series was broadcast in India as Himgiri Ka Veer.
# William L. Kruer

William L. Kruer (born 20 April 1942, Louisville, Kentucky) is an American physicist, specializing in plasma physics.
Kruer studied at the University of Louisville (Master's degree, 1965) and received his Ph.D. in 1969 from Princeton University. Afterwards, he was a research associate scientist at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and from 1970 a full member of the research staff. Starting in 1972, he was a group leader for theoretical plasma physics and simulation at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and from 1993 a chief scientist in plasma physics there. He wrote an important book on laser plasma interactions.
In 1990, he received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics.
# Simpang Kanan

Simpang Kanan Mukim (also known as Mukim 5) is a mukim located in Batu Pahat district in Johore. Batu Pahat district is divided into 14 parishes, each of which encompasses several villages.
# Theo Peeters

Theo Peeters (Dutch pronunciation:; 11 March 1943 – 2 March 2018) was a Belgian neurolinguist who specialised in autism spectrum disorders. During his career he emphasised the importance of understanding the "culture of autism", of empathising fully with individuals on the spectrum. He was the founder of the Opleidingscentrum Autisme (Centre for Training on Autism or OCA) in Antwerp, Belgium.

## Biography

Theo Peeters earned a Licence in Philosophy and Literature (University of Louvain), M.A. in Neurolinguistics (University of Brussels), MSc in Human Communications (University of London) and was affiliated to TEACCH, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He was in charge of training professionals in the 1985 Educational Experiment in Autism sponsored by the Flemish Ministry of Education. Peeters was responsible for the Flemish-Russian project on autism, the Flemish-South African project, the Flemish-Polish Autism project and more. He was also Associate Editor of Good Autism Practice edited by Glenys Jones and Hugh Morgan in partnership with the University of Birmingham. Peeters published several books on autism, including Talking About Autism in 1980, Autism: From Theoretical Understanding to Educational Intervention in 1994 and Autism: Medical and Educational Aspects, in collaboration with Christopher Gillberg.

## Selected publications

* Peeters, Theo (1980). Over autisme gesproken. Nijmegen: Dekker en Van De Vegt. ISBN 90-255-9922-2.
* Peeters, Theo (1984). Uit zichzelf gekeerd. Nijmegen: Dekker en Van De Vegt. ISBN 90-255-9984-2.
* Peeters, Theo (1987). Autisme vanaf de adolescentie. Nijmegen: Dekker en Van De Vegt. ISBN 90-255-9984-2.
* Peeters, Theo (1994). Autism. From Theoretical Understanding to Educational Intervention. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 90-5240-230-2.
* Peeters, Theo (1994). Autisme: La forteresse éclatée. Paris: Pro Aid Autisme.
* Peeters, Theo; Gillberg, Christopher (1995). L'autisme. Aspects éducatifs et médicaux. Antwerpen: Opleidingscentrum Autisme.
* Peeters, Theo; Gillberg, Christopher (1998). Autism. Medical and Educational Aspects. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 0-521-54335-5.
* Peeters, Theo; Gillberg, Christopher (2003). Autisme. Medisch en educatief. Antwerpen: Houtekiet. ISBN 9052407134.
* Peeters, Theo (2008). L'autisme. De la compréhension à l'intervention. Paris: Dunod. ISBN 978-2-10-051799-2.
* Peeters, Theo (2008). Autismo: De la comprehensión teórica a la intervención educativa. Ávila: Autismo Ávila. ISBN 978-84-612-4249-8.
* Peeters, Theo (2010). Autisme. Van begrijpen tot begeleiden. Antwerpen: Houtekiet. ISBN 978-90-8924-043-9.
# Running Stream, New South Wales

Running Stream is a locality in New South Wales, Australia. It is named after the creek flowing through the area. Running Stream is accessed on the Castlereagh Highway. The bus stop near the intersection with Mount Vincent Road is serviced several times a day by buses operated by NSW TrainLink departing from Lithgow railway station towards Gulgong, New South Wales.
Running Stream has a cafe, public telephone and postbox facing the Castlereagh Highway. It has a community hall and previously had a primary school. The community today is primarily farming, however historically there have been a number of mines in the vicinity These included the Cherry Tree Hill deep lead underground gold mine operated in the 1930s and Razorback Mine operated around 1876 to 1903 and 1910.
A stone church and small cemetery off New Olivers Road have local heritage listing. The church building was St John's Union Church opened in 1906 but not presently in use. Headstones in the cemetery are dated from 1859 to 1983. the building continues to house historic records.
The bounded locality of Running Stream includes a historic locality named Cherry Tree Hill towards Ilford. The gazetted locality of Cherry Tree Hill is in a different region of New South Wales, north of Inverell.
# St. George's Hall

St. George's Hall may refer to:
* St George's Hall, Bradford
* St. George's Hall, Liverpool
* St. George's Hall, Reading
* St. George's Hall, state room at Windsor Castle
* St George's Hall and Apollo Room of the Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg
* St. George's Hall, London, a theatre located at Langham Place, Regent Street & St. Marylebone in London, England
* St George's Bristol
* St. George's Hall, housing the Arts and Letters Club in Toronto
* The Hall of the Order of St. George in the Grand Kremlin Palace
# Tsutsui Station

Tsutsui Station may refer to:
* Tsutsui Station (Aomori), a railway station in Aomori Prefecture, Japan
* Tsutsui Station (Nara), a railway station in Nara Prefecture, Japan