OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Durai Ramasamy

D. Ramasamy was an Indian politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu.

## Political career

Ramasamy joined Congress under K. Kamaraj. He served as the Vellakovil Panchayat board president for 10 years, then as union chairman for 15 years. When the Congress split in Tamil Nadu, he joined the NCO under Kamaraj. After Kamaraj's death, he, along with G. Moopanar, merged the party with Indira Congress.
He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as an Indian National Congress candidate from Vellakoil constituency for five terms. He was first elected in 1977, then as an Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in 1980 and 1984. He was also a Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (Jayalalitha) candidate in the 1989 election.
In 1991, he was again elected from Vellakovil constituency and became the Minister for Rural Industries. In 2001 he unsuccessfully ran for electoral seat from AIADMk. After founding his own party, he again joined ADMK in 2010.
He died on 23 December 2023.
# Scotopteryx kuznetzovi

Scotopteryx kuznetzovi is a species of moth of the family Geometridae. It was first described by C. A. Wardikian in 1957. It is found in Iran and Turkey.
# Shuttleworth & Ingersoll

Shuttleworth & Ingersoll P.L.C. is a law firm located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. It has been called one of the oldest legal firms in the western United States and in 2012 was considered one of the largest law firms in Iowa.

## History

The company has its roots in the 1854 law firm of Nathaniel M. Hubbard whose early partners included Frank Dawley (1865-1922), Charles Wheeler (1851-1927) and Justice John M. Grimm (1866-1943). Owen N. Elliot (1886-1982) was a member of the firm from 1911 until his retirement in 1958. The firm was called Grimm, Wheeler & Elliot beginning in 1911 and later became Grimm, Wheeler, Elliott and Shuttleworth. T.M. (Ty) Ingersoll (1902-1972) and V. Craven Shuttleworth (1900-1964) joined the firm in the 1920s. Grimm, Wheeler and Elliot became Elliot, Shuttleworth and Ingersoll in 1945. Robert O. Daniel (1914-1992) was associated with the firm for 52 years. He remained active in his practice at the firm, until his death in 1992.
The company became Shuttleworth & Ingersoll in 1983. Six lawyers left a rival firm to join Shuttleworth and Ingersoll in 1998 and the firm became a professional limited liability company in 1999. The company's president is Brian Bergstrom.

## Services

The firm provides tax, estate, commercial and litigation services including services to the wind energy industry. These activities are divided into four areas: business, intellectual property, family law and litigation.

## Reception

In 2014 the firm was ranked as one of the best Iowa law firms by U.S. News & World Report. Shuttleworth & Ingersoll reports it was listed as one of Fortune Magazine's Top Ranked Law Firms in 2012. The firm was awarded the Outstanding Philanthropic Organization by the National Society of Fundraising Executives and received the Edge of Excellence Award for Community Service from Edge Business Magazine in 2006. According to The Gazette in Cedar Rapids the firm's employees "are active with just about every non-profit group in the Corridor."
# Counts of Montaigu

The Counts of Montaigu were 12th century nobles of Lower Lotharingia who were closely associated with the Counts of Duras and Clermont. This particular place called Montaigu (Mons Acutus, pointy mountain) was a castle located on the river Ourthe, opposite Marcourt near La Roche in the Ardennes. The castle of Montaigu has been mostly destroyed, but a chapel dedicated to Saint Thibaut still exists upon the mountain on which it was built.
The Counts of Montaigu were also lords of Rochefort. Rochefort is a municipality in Namur, and these holdings passed by inheritance to the Walcourt family, who married into the family of the Counts of Chiny, particularly Louis III.
The Counts of Montaigu were:
* Gozelo I (1038–1064)
* Cono (I), son of the previous (1064–1096)
* Gozelo II, son of the previous (1096–1097)
* Lambert, also Count of Clermont, brother of the previous (1097–1140)
* Godefroi, also Count of Clermont and Duras, son of the previous (1140–1161)
* Gilles, also Count of Clermont and Duras, son of the previous
* Cono (II), also Count of Duras, brother of the previous
* Wery II, also Seigneur of Walcourt, brother-in-law of the previous
* Thierry, also Seigneur of Walcourt, son of the previous and married to Gertrude, daughter of Louis III, Count of Chiny.
Cono I and his sons participated in the First Crusade with Godfrey of Bouillon. Thierry appears to have given up the countship of Montaigu although his great-grandson Thierry IV appears to have claimed dominion over three villages in the County of Montaigu.
The original Counts of Clermont appear to have originated with a Widrich (d. before 1062), father of Ermengarde, wife of Gozelo I, but it passed on to the Counts of Montaigu after Giselbert, Count of Clermont.

## Sources

* Les Seigneurs et Comtes de Rochefort, 1893
* Wolters, Mathias J., Notice Historique sur l’Ancien Comté de Duras en Hesbaie, Gyselinck, 1855 (available on Google Books)
* Runciman, Steven, A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951
* Murray, Alan V., The Army of Godfrey of Bouillon, 1096-1099: Structure and Dynamics of a Contingent on the First Crusade, Revue beige de philology et d'histoire, tome 70, fast. 2, 1992
# Effia-Kwesimintsim Municipal District

Effia-Kwesimintsim Municipal District is one of the fourteen districts in Western Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan District on 29 February 2008, until the western part of the district was split off to create Effia-Kwesimintsim Municipal District on 15 March 2018; thus the remaining part has been retained as Sekondi Takoradi Metropolitan District. The municipality is located in the southeast part of Western Region and has Kwesimintsim as its capital town.

## Sources

* "Districts of Ghana". Statoids.
# Reynier Casamayor Griñán

Reynier Casamayor Griñán, known as El Médico (born c. 1975, Santiago de Cuba), is a Cuban musician and medical doctor. He is best known for being a composer and performer of reggaetón music in Cuba and enjoyed some success in Spain with the genre.
He attended the University of Santiago de Cuba in 1993 where he studied medicine and graduated in 2002, specializing in general medicine. El Médico began his musical career interpreting rap with his medical studies and along with two friends, he created the group Garganta de Fuego, or Throat of Fire. He began a new chapter in his music career in 2002 when he recorded a demo with two songs, "El Tarrúo" and "Mi vida, mi amor".
In 2005, he reached No. 8 on the Spanish music charts with the song "Chupa Chupa", released by Warner Music. The song which also charted in Sweden and Belgium, was part of the album Cubaton: Reggaeton a lo Cubano which featured songs from various artists such as Candyman, Mey Vidal, La Familia, Control Cubano and Cubnito 20–20. Though most Cubans easily recognize El Médico's music, the artist himself has not achieved much fame due to his almost non-existent media presence.
In 2011 he was portrayed in the documentary film "El Médico – The Cubatón Story", by the director Daniel Fridell. The film won the Best Documentary category at the New York International Latino Film Festival in 2012. In addition to his music career, he also worked as family doctor in Cuba in the Sierra Maestra mountain region.
# Sobhraj Nirmaldas Sujansingani

Sobhraj Nirmaldas Sujansingani (27 February 1883 – 15 March 1956), also known as Fani, was an Indian prose writer and poet of Sindhi language works. He wrote very valuable books on the history and archaeological sites of Sindh. He was also a scholar of Arabic and Persian.

## Biography

Sobhraj Nirmaldas was born in a literary Hindu family of Hyderabad, Sindh on 27 February 1883. His father Nirmaldas Fatehchand Sujansingani was a renowned scholar of Arabic, Persian and Sindhi languages, who wrote a number of historical novels in Sindhi. Sobhraj got early education from Hyderabad and passed matriculation examination with first class first position. He started his career as a Mukhtiarkar and retired as a Deputy Collector in 1937.
He died on 15 March 1956.

## Contributions

Sobhraj began to compose small poems at the age of 10. He has used his pen name "Fani" in his poems. He was one of the best Ghazal poets during the 1920s to 1950s. Like his father, he was a scholar of Arabic, Persian, Sindhi and Sanskrit. As an essayist, he has mainly written reflective and thought provoking essays. He collected history of 80 cities and towns of Sindh and wrote very valuable scholarly articles on historical sites of Sindh. Most of his articles are scattered in various magazines which are needed to be collected and compiled in book form.
In 1940, G.M. Syed, the then Education Minister of Sindh constituted Central Advisory Board for Sindhi Literature. There were 12 members of this Board. Sobhraj Nirmaldas was one of those board members (from 1940 to 1947).

## Published Books

Some of his published books (all in Sindhi language) are listed below:
* Khayali Jhalka (Glimpes of Thought), 1941
* Chita Phulwari (Flower Bed of Consciousness)
* Roohani Tajala (Spiritual Splendors)
* Tarjuma-e-Gulstan (Translation of Gulstan from Persian)
# Schinia carminatra

Schinia carminatra is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Colorado and Oklahoma.
The wingspan is about 10 mm.
# Larry Brahm

Larry Brahm (August 12, 1916 – June 16, 1959) was an American football guard. He played for the Cleveland Rams in 1942.
# Tournay

Tournay may refer to:
* Tournai, a municipality in the Belgian province of Hainaut, Wallonia
* Tournai-sur-Dive, a commune in the Orne department in northwestern France
* Tournay, Hautes-Pyrénées, a commune of the Hautes-Pyrénées département in southwestern France
* Tournay-sur-Odon, a commune of the Calvados département in northwestern France
* Tournay, Wallonia, a district of the municipality of Neufchâteau, Luxembourg Province, Belgium
# StarBase (biological database)

StarBase is a database for decoding miRNA-mRNA, miRNA-lncRNA, miRNA-sncRNA, miRNA-circRNA, miRNA-pseudogene, protein-lncRNA, protein-ncRNA, protein-mRNA interactions, and ceRNA networks from CLIP-Seq (HITS-CLIP, PAR-CLIP, iCLIP, CLASH) and degradome sequencing data. StarBase provides miRFunction and ceRNAFunction web tools to predict the function of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, pseudogenes) and protein-coding genes from the miRNA and ceRNA regulatory networks. StarBase also developed Pan-Cancer Analysis Platform to decipher Pan-Cancer Analysis Networks of lncRNAs, miRNAs, ceRNAs, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) by mining clinical and expression profiles of 14 cancer types (including more than six thousand samples) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Data Portal.
# StarChase

StarChase is a company that produces GPS tracking devices of the same name, for law enforcement purposes. Developed from early 2006, the less-than-lethal vehicle tagging system tags, tracks, and locates a fleeing vehicle.
The system was developed to reduce the need for an inherent danger of high speed pursuits. The US National Institute of Justice at one time was looking at technologies to reduce personnel and property damage, including tyre deflation devices, electronics interference (through electronic discharge immobilising devices, electromagnetic radiation devices, and directed energy devices), and remote tracking.
StarChase components consist of an electronic tag in the form of a small, cylindrical projectile with one end covered in a viscous, industrial strength adhesive, which contains a battery-operated GPS tracker and quad-band transmitter (powered by a 1300 mAh dry cell). The projectile is fired by compressed air from a small launcher on the front grille of a police car. The deploying vehicle must be within 25 feet (7.6 m) range of the offending vehicle. The tracking signal location is then monitored from a dispatcher's computer screen. In 2013, the vehicle-mounted solution was US$5000 per installation, and $500 for each bullet. By 2023, the device was US$5900.
The StarChase system, as of mid-2013 was in use by the Arizona Department of Public Safety, Los Angeles Sheriff's Department, Austin Police Department, and other agencies globally including the Ontario Provincial Police.
By early 2023, the company released a variation using a rifle platform called the 'Guardian-HX'. Based on the AR-15 rifle, pressurised gas propels the tracking projectile, and the rifle magazine well holds the battery. The projectile travels at 37 miles per hour (60 km/h), and has to be discharged by the rifle user within 35 feet (11 m) of the offending vehicle.
# Stadionul Municipal (Sighetu Marmației)

Stadionul Municipal Solovan is a multi-use stadium in Sighetu Marmației, Romania. It is used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of CSM Sighetu Marmației and Plimob Sighetu Marmației. The stadium holds 5,000 people.
# Edward Wingfield Verner

Sir Edward Wingfield Verner, 4th Baronet (1 October 1830 – 21 June 1899) was a Conservative Party politician in Ireland who sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1863 to 1880.
Verner was the second son of Sir William Verner, Bt (1782–1871) and his wife Harriet Wingfield. He was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He married Selina Florence, daughter of Thomas Vesey Nugent, on 15 December 1864.
Verner was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Lisburn in 1863. He contested a by-election in February of that year, and was narrowly defeated by the Liberal Party candidate, industrialist John Doherty Barbour. However, that result was overturned on petition and at a second by-election in June he won the seat by 151 votes to Barbour's 90.
Verner held the Lisburn seat until 1873. His father William had been one of the two MPs for County Armagh, and on William's death Edward resigned his seat to stand in the by-election for Armagh. He was elected unopposed, and re-elected with a generous majority in 1874. He stood down at the 1880 general election, when his nephew William Edward was defeated by the Liberal candidate James Nicholson Richardson.
Outside of Parliament, Verner was High Sheriff of County Dublin in 1866. He lived at Corke Abbey, County Wicklow, and died on 21 June 1899.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Edward Wingfield Verner :
* CrestA boar's head as in the arms.
* EscutcheonArgent on a fess Sable between three boars' heads of the second fretty Or a trefoil slipped of the last.
* MottoPro Christo Et Patria
# Edward Clerke

Edward Clerke was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the first half of the 17th century.
Clerke was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was ordained priest on 24 June 1601. He was Prebendary of Killanully then Dean of Cloyne from 1615 to 1640.
# Edwin Ewing

Edwin Ewing may refer to:
* Edwin Hickman Ewing (1809–1902), member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee
* Edwin Evans Ewing (1824–1901), American writer, poet, and newspaperman
# Star Mountains Rural LLG

Star Mountains Rural LLG is a local-level government situated in the Star Mountains in North Fly District of Western Province of Papua New Guinea. In the year 2000, the LLG had 1691 homes, and a population of 12,114 people. (6776 men and 5338 women) The current population is more likely to now be around 15,000 people. The main population centre in the LLG is Tabubil. Finalbin and the Ok Tedi Mine are also in this LLG.
Neighboring Pegunungan Bintang Regency (meaning 'Star Mountains' in Indonesian) in Indonesia is also similarly named.

## Wards

* 01. Atemkit
* 02. Kavorabip
* 03. Bultem
* 04. Finalbin
* 05. Wangbin
* 06. Migalsimbip
* 07. Niosikwi
* 08. Ok Tedi Tau
* 09. Kumkit
* 10. Ankits
* 11. Kawemtigin
* 12. Korokit
* 82. Tabubil Town
# Egtved

Egtved is a village with a population of 2,457 (as of 1 January 2024) near Vejle, Denmark in Vejle municipality in the Danish Region of Southern Denmark. Nearby is Tørskind Gravel Pit, a sculpture park.
The village has a Romanesque church built in 1170, to which a tower was added in 1863. The Egtved Runestone, found near the church in 1863, is now on display in the church.

## Egtved Girl

Near the village is a Bronze Age archaeological site (ca. 1370 BC) which contained an extremely well-preserved burial. It was discovered in 1921 and is one of the best preserved Bronze Age findings in Denmark. It contained the well preserved body of a girl known as the Egtved Girl. On the site where she was found a barrow with a diameter of 22 metres and a height of 4 metres was built. The teenaged girl was dressed in a string skirt, a short sleeved shirt with a woven belt, and a bronze spiked belt disc. She was laid on a cow-hide and covered by a coarse woollen blanket. Lying next to her was a birch-bark drink container with remnants of a drink made of bog myrtle, cranberries and honey.
There is also a small museum describing the discovery of the rare find in detail and displaying copies of the Egtved Girl's clothing, jewellery and buckle. This has allowed a very close look at Nordic Bronze Age clothing and hairstyles.

### Literature

* C. Michael Hogan, Egtved Girl Barrow, The Megalithic Portal, editor A. Burnham, 4 October, 2007

## Notable people

* Poul Steenstrup (1772 in Egtved – 1864) a businessman, industrial entrepreneur and politician
* Peter Sørensen Vig (1854 in Bøgvad, Egtved Sogn – 1929) a Danish-American pastor, educator and historian in the Lutheran church
* Olaf Pedersen (1920 in Egtved – 1997) an authority on astronomy in classical antiquity and the Latin Middle Ages
* Mette Gravholt (born 1984 in Egtved) a retired Danish handball player who played 53 games for Denmark
# Dunvegan (Holly Springs, Mississippi)

Dunvegan, a.k.a. Norfleet-Cochran House is a historic "English Basement" cottage in Holly Springs, Mississippi, USA. It was built in 1845 for Jesse P. Norfleet, a cabinetmaker from Virginia who married the daughter of a prosperous Mississippi planter. Norfleet eventually became a planter and local business owner. In the 1970s the home was renamed Dunvegan for the town of Dunvegan on the Scottish island of Skye.

## Location

Dunvegan is located at 154 West Gholson Avenue in Holly Springs, Mississippi.

## History

The land was acquired by Jesse P. Norfleet on January 3, 1845. The cottage, designed in the Greek Revival architectural style, was built later that year. The rafters were made of pine tree wood while the bricks were handcrafted. Like a traditional English cottage, the bedrooms and the living-rooms are upstairs, while the kitchen and dining-room are in the basement.
Norfleet was a cabinetmaker from Suffolk, Virginia who married Jane H. Carlock, the daughter of Moses Carlock, a Southern planter. His daughter Ada married Henry Oscar Rand; Norfleet's grandson, Frank C. Rand, was the Chairman of the International Shoe Company. Norfleet traded houses with James Jarrell House on September 28, 1861.
T. F. Sigman bought the house in 1886 and owned the house for over 30 years, until he and his wife divorced, probably in 1917. At that time the ownership of the house transferred to his former wife Cornelia Olivia Sigman.
In 1920, the house was sold to Samuel Vadah Cochran, Sr. (1887-1971) and his wife Rita Binion Cochran (1896-1960). The essay "English Basement Houses" by Hubert H. McAlexander, noted historian of the area, states that Rita Binion Cochran eventually had the portico rebuilt to resemble that of the nearby Featherstone Place, recently renovated by the architect Theodore Link. It remains the house's portico to this day. After Cochran Sr.'s death in 1971, the house was inherited by his son, Samuel Vadah Cochran, Jr. (1918-1995).
S. Vadah Cochran, Jr. was a Professor of English at Memphis State University in Tennessee for twenty-six years as well as a noted painter whose work was exhibited at the Municipal Art Gallery in Jackson, Mississippi. He painted murals inside the house and designed the gardens. Vadah and his wife Doris Sigman Cochran renamed the cottage Dunvegan after the town on the Scottish island of Skye, where his McLeod ancestors originated. They opened it to the public for a tour once a year.
The house is now owned by John O. Carruth and Leslie Cochran Carruth, both architects. Leslie visited the home and her extended family many times over the years and grew to love both the home and the town.

## Architectural significance

As a contributing property to the Southwest Holly Springs Historic District, it has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since April 20, 1983.
# Liverson Mng'onda

Liverson Mng'onda is an Anglican bishop in Kenya who is the currently serving as the Bishop of Taita–Taveta Diocese.
# Breteuil, Oise

Breteuil (French pronunciation:) or Breteuil-sur-Noye (French pronunciation:, literally Breteuil on Noye) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
It is located in the Noye valley.

## Law of Breteuil

The Duke of Normandy gave a charter to Breteuil guaranteeing it many freedoms. After the Norman conquest of England and later the Norman Conquest of Ireland, the "law of Breteuil" was granted to many towns in those countries.

## Population

Its inhabitants are calles Brituliens in French.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 2,030 | — |
| 1821 | 2,099 | +0.12% |
| 1846 | 2,561 | +0.80% |
| 1872 | 2,802 | +0.35% |
| 1901 | 2,830 | +0.03% |
| 1926 | 2,426 | −0.61% |
| 1946 | 1,785 | −1.52% |
| 1962 | 2,748 | +2.73% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1968 | 3,085 | +1.95% |
| 1975 | 3,531 | +1.95% |
| 1982 | 3,873 | +1.33% |
| 1990 | 3,879 | +0.02% |
| 1999 | 4,131 | +0.70% |
| 2007 | 4,287 | +0.46% |
| 2012 | 4,475 | +0.86% |
| 2017 | 4,340 | −0.61% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Cosmopterix cognita

Cosmopterix cognita is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Walsingham in 1891. It is found in South Africa.
# Corps, Isère

Corps (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the department of Isère in southeastern France.

## Geography

Corps is a small town in the south of France. Located in the Beaumont region in the Southern Alps, on the borders on the frontier between the départments of Isère and Hautes-Alpes. It is located 40 km north of Gap, 65 km south of Grenoble and 220 km to the north of Marseille.
The village of Corps is surrounded by high mountains, including the Obiou in the Dévoluy massif which overlooks the magnificent Sautet lake.
The village is at the start of the road which leads to the Marian Sanctuary of La Salette, place of pilgrimage where Our Lady of La Salette would have appeared to two small shepherds from Corps, Mélanie Calvat and Maximin Giraud.

## Population

Its inhabitants are called the Corpatus.

## Twin towns

Corps is twinned with:
* Plouëc-du-Trieux, France
# Corpoyer-la-Chapelle

Corpoyer-la-Chapelle is a village and a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in Burgundy in eastern France.
# SS Runic

Several ships have borne the name SS Runic:
* SS Runic was a livestock carrier launched in 1889 at Harland and Wolff. She was sold to the West India & Pacific SS Company in 1895 and renamed Tampican. Sold again in 1912, she was renamed SS Imo and was involved in the 1917 Halifax Explosion. She was renamed Guvernøren in 1918 and was wrecked in 1921.
* SS Runic (1900) was a passenger liner launched in 1900 at Harland and Wolff for the White Star Line. She was sold to Christian Salvesen in 1930, converted to a whale factory ship and renamed New Sevilla. She was torpedoed and sunk in 1940.
* SS Runic (1949) was a refrigerated cargo ship launched at Harland and Wolff in 1949 for Shaw Savill and Albion Company, she was wrecked in 1961 on Middleton Reef on a voyage from Brisbane, Australia to New Zealand in 1961 after going through the tail end of a cyclone.
# Costa di Rovigo

Costa di Rovigo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rovigo in the Italian region Veneto, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southwest of Venice and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Rovigo.
Costa di Rovigo borders the following municipalities: Arquà Polesine, Fratta Polesine, Rovigo, Villamarzana, Villanova del Ghebbo.