OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luigi Gorini

Luigi Gorini (November 13, 1903 – August 13, 1976) was a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences and a prominent professor in the Harvard Medical School, who had also been prominent in the Italian anti-fascist underground during World War II.

## Early life

Dr. Gorini was born in Milan on November 13, 1903. His father was a microbiologist. He earned a degree in organic chemistry from the University of Pavia in 1925 but his studies were interrupted when he refused to sign a required Fascist oath in 1931, and he worked at several small pharmaceutical concerns for the next ten years, until the outbreak of World War II. At the time he was married to his first wife, with whom he had a son, Jan, and a daughter, Isa.

## Wartime activities

At the onset of war, Dr. Gorini avoided conscription and fled to Milan, where he adopted a false identity, naming himself after nineteenth century Italian rebel and philosopher Carlo Cattaneo, and worked for the Resistance. While employed at the Instituto Giuliana Ronzoni [it] he met Annamaria Torriani, who worked with him in the laboratory and the Resistance, and became his second wife.

## Selvino children

After the war, the couple managed a former Fascist summer camp in Selvino, which they turned into a recuperative rehabilitation center for orphans who had survived concentration camps, restoring the physical and mental health of about a thousand children who were sent to settle in Mandatory Palestine; for this work they were honored by Yad Vashem in 1976.

## Scientific work

The couple then resumed their individual scientific careers in Paris, where Luigi's research in microbiology at the Sorbonne earned him the Kronauer Prize from the Faculté des Sciences, in 1949. In 1955, he became a visiting researcher in the laboratory of Bernard Davis at the New York University Department of Pharmacology, and in 1957 he followed Davis to join the faculty of the Harvard Medical School Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, where his work on bacterial metabolism earned him an American Cancer Society Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics professorship in 1964, Harvard's George Ledlie Prize in 1965, and membership in the National Academy of Sciences in 1971.

## Personal life

In addition to his scientific career, Dr. Gorini continued his advocacy of progressive causes, speaking out against racism and the Vietnam War. In addition to the two children he had with his first wife, Gorini had one son, Daniel, from his second marriage.
# Roy Rogers (disambiguation)

Roy Rogers (1911–1998) was an American singing cowboy actor.
Roy Rogers may also refer to:
* Roy Rogers Restaurants, restaurant chain
* Roy Rogers (drink), a non-alcoholic mixed drink
* Roy Rogers (basketball), American former NBA basketball player and assistant coach
* Roy Rogers (guitarist), American slide guitarist
* "Roy Rogers", a song by Elton John from the album Goodbye Yellow Brick Road
* "Roy Rogers McFreely", an episode of American Dad!
# List of football clubs in Bonaire

This is a list of Association football clubs in Bonaire.
* Arriba Perú
* Atlétiko Flamingo (Nikiboko)
* Atlétiko Tera Corá
* Real Rincon
* SV Estrellas (Nort Saliña Kunuku Bieu)
* SV Juventus (Antriòl)
* SV Vespo (Rincon)
* SV Vitesse (Antriòl)
# Tony Ensor

Tony Ensor may refer to:
* Tony Ensor (rugby union, born 1949), Ireland rugby union player
* Tony Ensor (rugby union, born 1991), New Zealand rugby union player
# Toronto Township, Ontario

Toronto Township is a former municipality now mostly part of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, with its northern extremity now a part of Brampton. It was directly west of but not part of the City of Toronto (which was named York at the time of the township's establishment), and its land area makes up the majority of present-day Mississauga.

## History

Toronto Township was formed as a locally unincorporated part of York County, Upper Canada on August 2, 1805 (1805-08-02) when officials from York purchased 84,000 acres (340 km$^2$) of land from the Mississaugas (First Nations people) for 1,000 Pounds. After the land was surveyed, much of it was given by the Crown in the form of land grants to Loyalists. More than a dozen small communities grew in this area, most of which were located near natural resources, waterways for industry and fishing, and routes leading into York. The township became part of Peel County in 1851. In 1873, in light of the continued growth seen in this area, Toronto Township was incorporated as a rural municipality and a council was created to oversee the affairs of the various villages that were unincorporated at that time. The council's responsibilities included road maintenance, the establishment of a police force, and mail delivery service.
Toronto Township was a municipality until 1967, when the town's citizens and politicians voted to change the township to a town and rename it Mississauga, which won over the second-place Sheridan after a naming contest. Mississauga became a city seven years later in 1974, and ceded its northernmost area (and thus lands formerly part of the township) to Brampton.
# The Avridge Farm

The Avridge Farm is a comic strip created, written and drawn by Canadian cartoonist Jeff Wilson in 1987. The feature has appeared in dozens of community dailies, weeklies and farm specialty publications ever since.
The feature chronicles the trials and tribulations of hapless farmer Irv Avridge and his family as they adapt to farm life. This plot is further improved by the sarcastic and often inspiring asides by the family's precocious livestock. In 1993, Wilson published the treasury book Sincerely Chores, which features a collection of published Avridge Farm comic strips.
# William Eves

William Lionel Eves MBE FRIBA (1867–1950), was a British architect, and the designer of the Grade II listed building Randalls of Uxbridge.
He was born in Uxbridge, the son of fellow architect George Eves (1816–1892), and succeeded him as the surveyor for the Allen Estate in Kensington, London.
Eves' architectural practice was based at 54 High Street, Uxbridge, and he designed Ilchester Mansions, Earls Court, and remodelled the frontage of the Allen Estate's properties on Kensington High Street between 1894 and 1935. He designed numerous buildings in the Uxbridge area.
In the 1939 New Year Honours, William Lionel Eves, Architect to the Uxbridge Urban District Council was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).
# Team Xtreme Racing (IndyCar)

Team Xtreme was an auto racing team that competed in the Indy Racing League from 1999 to 2001. Founded by former F2000 and SCCA racer John Hollansworth Jr., the team ran three full seasons in the series. The team is best known for introducing Brazilian racer Airton Daré to the series, who scored a best result of 2nd for the team in 2000 and took rookie of the year honors the same year. Despite Daré finishing 10th overall in the series in 2001, the team was forced to fold after failing to find a sponsor for 2002.

## Complete IRL IndyCar Series results

(key) (Results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Chassis | Engine | Drivers | No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | Pts Pos | Pos |
| 1999 | | | | | WDW | PHX | CLT | INDY | TXS | PPIR | ATL | DOV | PPIR | LSV | TXS | | | | |
| 1999 | Dallara IR9 | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | John Hollansworth Jr. (R) | 42 | 19 | 15 | C | 13 | 20 | 16 | 19 | 19 | 16 | 19 | 5 | | | 17th | 146 |
| 1999 | Dallara IR9 | Nissan Infiniti VRH35ADE | Mike Groff | 46 | | | | DNQ | | | | | | | | | | NC | — |
| 2000 | | | | | WDW | PHX | LSV | INDY | TXS | PPIR | ATL | KTY | TXS | | | | | | |
| 2000 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | Davey Hamilton | 16 | | 18 | 20 | 20 | 24 | 14 | 15 | 16 | | | | | | 23rd | 98 |
| 2000 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | Jaques Lazier | 16 | | | | | | | | | 10 | | | | | 20th | 112 |
| 2000 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | John Hollansworth Jr. | 42 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 40th | 9 |
| 2000 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | Airton Daré (R) | 88 | 11 | 22 | 14 | 25 | 10 | 2 | 25 | 19 | 12 | | | | | 16th | 142 |
| 2001 | | | | | PHX | HMS | ATL | INDY | TXS | PPIR | RIR | KAN | NSH | KTY | GAT | CHI | TXS | | |
| 2001 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | Jaques Lazier | 77 | | | | 22 | 9 | 17 | | | | | | | | 17th | 195 |
| 2001 | G-Force GF01C | Oldsmobile Aurora V8 | Airton Daré | 88 | 10 | 23 | 9 | 8 | 19 | 5 | 15 | 6 | 17 | 20 | 9 | 19 | 7 | 10th | 239 |
* ^ The 1999 VisionAire 500K at Charlotte was cancelled after 79 laps due to spectator fatalities.
# Ludovica Thornam

Ludovica Anine Vilhelmine Augusta Thornam (30 November 1853 – 27 May 1896) was a Danish portrait and genre painter.

## Biography

Ludovica Thornam was born at Horsens in Jutland, Denmark. She was the daughter of Ludvig Thornam (1819–79) and Anine Charlotte Frederikke Norup (1824–95). Her father was a senior teacher (Overlærer). Her sister, Emmy Thornam (1852–1935), also became a painter as well as a writer.
She began her artistic training at Horsens Tekniske Skole in Horsens and, encouraged by her parents, went to Copenhagen where she studied with Vilhelm Kyhn (1819–1903) at his private school from 1873 to 1874. At that time, women were not permitted to attend The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, so she continued her studies with Herman Siegumfeldt (1833–1912) until 1877.
She settled on a career as a portrait painter and had her first exhibition in 1878. Soon, she became quite popular and received numerous commissions from the local gentry. She and her sister, Emmy, were two of the very few women at that time who were able to make a living from their art. In 1887, she received a grant from the Ministry of Culture (Kultusministeriet) which enabled her to study at the Académie Julian in Paris, under the direction of Jules Lefebvre (1836–1911). A later supplementary grant from Den Raben-Levetzauske Fond gave her a chance to study in Rome. From 1893 to 1894, she paid another visit to France and Italy with Emmy. In Paris, she took lessons from Louis Héctor Leroux (1829–1900).
She was a regular participant in the Charlottenborg Spring Exhibition and had a major showing at the Women's Exhibition in 1895. After 1889, she was also an occasional exhibitor at the Paris Salon.
Throughout her life, she maintained a traditional painting style, derived from the Danish Golden Age and French Academicism, although her colors and lines softened a little after her last stay in Paris. Her genre works never became as well known as her portraits. She never married and died in Copenhagen after a long illness.

## Selected paintings

* An Old Firewood Collector
* Street View in Siena
* Noblewoman at a Fair in Siena
* A Roman Orange Seller
# Coinage Act 1816

The Coinage Act 1816 (56 Geo. 3. c. 68), also known as the Coin Act 1816 or Liverpool's Act, defined the value of the pound sterling relative to gold. One troy pound of standard (22-carat) gold was defined as equivalent to £46 14s 6d., i.e. 44½ guineas, the guinea having been fixed in December 1717 at £1 1s exactly. According to its preamble, the purposes of the Act were to:
* prohibit the use of silver coins (which would now be of reduced weight, 66 shillings rather than 62 shillings per troy pound), for transactions larger than 40s
* establish a single gold standard for transactions of all sizes.
# Sphaeromeria cana

Sphaeromeria cana (recently proposed name Artemisia albicans) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name gray chickensage. It is native to the western United States, where it is known from the Sierra Nevada, the adjacent desert ranges of eastern California and Nevada, and Steens Mountain of Oregon. It grows in dry, rocky mountain habitat, such as cracks and crevices, including the talus above the tree line. This is an aromatic subshrub with numerous erect branches growing up to 30 to 60 centimeters tall. It is gray-green in color and coated with woolly fibers. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped, the lower ones divided into lobes. The inflorescence is generally a cluster of flower heads lined with woolly phyllaries and containing yellow disc florets. There are no ray florets. The fruit is a ribbed achene about 2 millimeters long.
# Saint John Masonic Temple

The Saint John Masonic Temple is a historic masonic temple in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. One of Atlantic Canada's oldest lodges, the masonic temple is located on 92 Germain Street in Uptown Saint John. The brick building features an Italianate architectural style. It is four-storeys tall, with the street floor being used for commercial purposes. It is part of the Grand Lodge of New Brunswick. It is within the boundaries of the Trinity Royal Heritage Conservation Area.

## History

The Freemasonry community previously operated a masonic temple in Saint John until its destruction by the Great Fire of Saint John in 1877. Construction on a new masonic temple began following the fire, worked on by architects McKean & Fairweather, and contracted by Alexander Christie & Co. as well as William L. Prince, Esq. The building was completed in 1881, totaling CA$80,000 (equivalent to $2,903,680 in 2023).
Historically, the building was used to host Masonic Grand Lodge of New Brunswick meetings annually, including once in 1934 which included John Babington Macaulay Baxter, a former Premier of New Brunswick who served as the province's Grand Master at the time.
On the morning of January 26, 1929, the masonic temple was destroyed by fire, with damages estimating to be at $100,000 at the time. $55,000 of which was insured. Discussions on rebuilding the temple were made the following month, and efforts to rebuild it began being made starting in late May 1929 until being finished by November 26, 1930. On July 11, 1929, during the rebuilding process, Saint John Masonic Temple, Limited. was established under The Royal Gazette.
# Township 8, Rooks County, Kansas

Township 8 is a township in Rooks County, Kansas, United States. Palco is the largest population center in Township 8.

## History

Rooks County was established with four townships: Bow Creek, Lowell, Paradise and Stockton. That number increased to seven by 1878 and twenty three in 1925. The twenty three townships were in place until 1971 when the number was reduced to the current twelve townships.
Township 8 was formed by renaming Northampton Township in 1971. While other Rooks County townships were combined pursuant to Kansas Statute 80-1110, Northampton was just renamed using the new naming standard.

### Northampton Township

Northampton Township was established in 1879 from part of Plainville Township. Plainville Township was composed of territory from the original Paradise Township.
# Zhong Huijuan

Zhong Huijuan (Chinese: 钟慧娟; born April 1961) is a Chinese pharmaceutical executive, billionaire, and the world's richest self-made woman. She is the founder, CEO, and chair of Hansoh Pharmaceutical, which is headquartered in Lianyungang and is traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. She is the company's majority shareholder, with a 66% stake. In 2021, she was the world's 89th richest person according to Forbes, with a net worth of US$19.7 billion.

## Education and career

Born in Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, Zhong studied chemistry at Jiangsu Normal University and graduated in July 1982. She then worked as a chemistry teacher at Yan'an Middle School in Lianyungang. At the same time, Sun Piaoyang, her husband, was the manager of a state-owned pharmaceutical factory in the same city. (That factory would eventually become Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine, the largest listed pharmaceutical company in China.)
In 1995, Sun and an investor from Hong Kong started a new pharmaceutical company, which would become Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group (豪森药业, later restructured as 翰森制药集团). But because Sun still worked at the state-owned factory, he found himself too busy to manage the new company. This was Zhong's opportunity to enter the pharmaceutical industry: she left her job as a teacher to run the fledgling company as a founder.
The company had only about ten employees at first, but it grew rapidly, and by 1997 it had US$4.5 million in revenue. To help the company grow, Zhong reinvested 5% of sales revenue into R&D, developing products including antibiotics, cancer treatments, and psychotropic, endocrine, and gastrointestinal drugs. The R&D budget later grew to nearly 10% of revenue, an unusually high level for a Chinese pharmaceutical company.
Hansoh Pharmaceutical had its initial public offering on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in June 2019 and raised US$1 billion. This made Zhong the richest self-made woman in Asia, with a net worth of US$10.5 billion (greater than her husband's fortune of US$9.4 billion).
By 2019, the company had become the largest producer of psychotropic drugs in China. Zhong owns 66% of the company through the Sunrise Trust, registered in the British Virgin Islands. Her wealth grew significantly in 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic. In that year, she was the world's 9th richest woman according to Forbes, as well as the 20th richest person in China according to Hurun.

## Recognition

In 2007, Zhong received the March 8th Red Banner Pacesetter award (三八红旗手), which recognizes outstanding working women in China.

## Personal life

Zhong's husband, Sun Piaoyang, is also a billionaire and is the chair of Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine. Zhong and Sun are relatively private and rarely give interviews. Their daughter Sun Yuan (孙远) is Hansoh Pharmaceutical's executive director and also owns a stake in the company.
Zhong lives in Shanghai.
# Castoff (publishing)

In book publishing, casting off is the process of estimating the number of signatures required to typeset a manuscript. An accurate castoff (or cast off) is important because the page length of a book affects many variables, including the cost of producing the book, the cover price, how many books can fit in a carton, and the width of the spine.
Casting off generally begins by counting the words or characters in the manuscript, usually using a word processor or text editor. This word count is then divided by an estimate of the number of words or characters per full page of a model book, i.e., a previously published book with approximately the same trim size and type specifications to be applied to the manuscript.
The editor must then account for anything else that will add pages to the finished book, such as half-title and title pages, the copyright page, part-title pages, chapter openers, photographs, illustrations, charts, tables, or lines of poetry. In addition, the editor must anticipate any elements that will be added later in proofs, such as a preface or index.
Once the editor has estimated the pages required to typeset the book, it must be rounded to the nearest multiple of sixteen (a signature) or eight (a half-signature) by adding blank pages or killing (editing so as to remove) pages. Editors tend to round up rather than down, because if the book requires more pages than anticipated, it will cost more to produce, but fewer pages and therefore lower production costs are less problematic.
While some software exists to help editors in accurately casting off manuscripts, even an experienced editor often can't foresee the many variables that will affect a book's length, some of which may not arise until the book is well into production.
# Technological Universities in Ireland

A Technological University is a designation of a type of third-level institution in Ireland. The potential for such universities was established through legislation in 2018. Since then, various groups of institutes of technology began a merger process to create five technological universities:
* Technological University Dublin was established in January 2019 as the result of a merger of the three Institutes of Technology in the County Dublin area. Its foundation was announced in July 2018.
* Munster Technological University was established in January 2021 following the merger of IT Tralee and Cork IT. A formal application for the TU for the south west, comprising Cork IT and IT Tralee, was lodged in February 2019, but it was initially unsuccessful. A second, successful, application was made in 2020.
* The Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest was formed from a merger of Athlone IT and Limerick IT. It was announced in October 2019 forming a TU for the mid-west and midlands regions, centred on the River Shannon. Athlone IT had investigated the possibility of becoming a university in its own right. A formal application for TU status was made by the consortium in November 2020, with approval granted in May 2021. It opened in October 2021, with campuses distributed amongst Limerick City, Athlone, Clonmel, Ennis, and Thurles.
* Atlantic Technological University was formed following the merger of Galway-Mayo IT (GMIT) and IT Sligo, both in Connacht in the west of Ireland, with Letterkenny IT (LYIT), located in the north of Ireland. The Connacht-Ulster Alliance (CUA) submitted a formal application to the Department of Further and Higher Education in May 2021. Formal approval was granted by Simon Harris, Minister for Further and Higher Education, in October 2021, with a launch date in early 2022.
* South East Technological University is the merger of IT Carlow and Waterford IT. A vision document was published in 2015, and a memorandum of understanding was signed in 2017. At the launch of TU Dublin in July 2018, the Taoiseach expressed regret that this TUSE bid had not progressed sufficiently following the "Technological Universities Act 2018". Staff of IT Carlow, rejected the current plan for the TU in June 2019. A formal application was made in May 2021, and it was formally established in May 2022.
In May 2021, Dundalk Institute of Technology (DkIT) announced plans to join an existing TU. It had previously investigated the possibility of becoming a TU in its own right. By May 2022, DkIT was looking at a merger with an existing TU.
# Shut Up, It's Christmas

Shut Up, It's Christmas is a promo-only EP released by Suddenly, Tammy! in 1995.

## Track listing

* "There in My Head"
* "Linus and Lucy"
* "Plant The Halls"
* "Snowman"
* "Whole Lotta Girl"
* "Merry"
* "Rock'n'Roll Santa Claus"
# Rowland Park (New South Wales)

Rowland Park is a 6.8-hectare (17-acre) public park in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Rowland Park is located in the heritage suburb of Daceyville.

## Features

Rowland Park is a mixed-use public park, and has a playground, outdoor gym, cricket pitches, sports fields, change rooms and public toilets.

## History

Rowland Park was formally created as a public recreation reserve in 1927, and is named after the namesake of Daceyville, John Rowland Dacey.
# EGames (esports)

eGames is an international esports (competitive video gaming) competition based on national teams. The first eGames showcase event took place during the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil at the British House in Parque Lage, Jardim Botânico on 15–16 August. The games were Smite as a show match and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U as a competition.
The eGames is a fully independent organisation and has no association with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) or Olympic Games.
The competition may be defunct, as their news page has not been updated since 2017, and a planned eGames 2018 never emerged.

## Editions
### eGames

* eGames Rio 2016 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) (showcase)

#### 2016 showcase

In the eGames Rio de Janeiro Showcase 2016, 8 eTeams participated in the eGames.
* Argentina (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Brazil (host) (Smite and Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Great Britain (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Canada (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Germany (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Mexico (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* Trinidad and Tobago (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)
* United States (Super Smash Bros. for Wii U)

##### Results

| Place | Player | Character(s) |
| | Ally | Mario |
| | Larry Lurr | Fox |
| | MKLeo | Marth, Cloud |
| 4 | J.Miller | Luigi |
| 5 | Sodrek | Fox |
| 5 | Wabz | Sonic |
| 7 | Player 7 | Mario |
| 7 | Gado | Rosalina and Luma, Peach |