# Timeline of Bologna

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bologna, Emilia-Romagna region, Italy.

## Prior to 18th century

Part of a series on the :
History of Italy :
Early
Prehistoric Italy
Nuragic civilization (18th–3rd c. BC)
Etruscan civilization (12th–6th c. BC)
Magna Graecia (8th–3rd c. BC) :
Ancient Rome
Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC)
Republic (509 BC–27 BC)
Roman expansion in Italy
Roman Italy
Populares and Optimates
Empire (27 BC–286 AD)
Western Empire (286 AD–476 AD)
Praetorian prefecture of Italy :
Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms Odoacer's 476–493 Ostrogothic 493–553 Vandal 435–534 Lombard 568–774 Frankish (Carolingian Empire) 774–962 Germanic (Holy Roman Empire) 962–1801 :
Medieval
Italy in the Middle Ages
Byzantine reconquest of Italy (6th–8th c.)
Islam and Normans in southern Italy
Maritime republics and Italian city-states
Guelphs and Ghibellines :
Early modern
Italian Renaissance (14th–16th c.)
Italian Wars (1494–1559)
Catholic revival (1545–1648)
Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
Napoleonic Italy (1801–1814)
Republic
Kingdom
Risorgimento (1815–1871)
Young Italy :
Modern
Monarchy (1861–1946)
Colonial Empire (1882–1960)
Italy in World War I (1914–1918)
Fascism (1922–1943)
Italy in World War II (1940–1945)
Fascist Italian Social Republic, Partisans and Italian Civil War (1943–1945)
Republic (1946–present)
Years of Lead (1970s–1980s)
Maxi Trial (1986–1992)
Mani pulite (1992–2001)
Great Recession (2007–2009)
European migrant crisis (2014–2016)
COVID-19 pandemic (2020–present) :
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* at least 1000 BCE – First settlement.
* 9th C. BCE – Etruscan settlement.
* end of the 5th century BCE – Celtic settlement.
* 189 BCE – Town becomes a Roman colony.
* 3rd C. CE – Catholic diocese of Bologna established.
* 6th C. CE – Byzantines in power.
* 9th C. CE – Benedictine monastery active in Santo Stefano.
* 902 – Town sacked by Hungarian forces.
* 1088 – University established.
* 1109 – Torre Asinelli (tower) built.
* 1110 – Torre Garisenda (tower) built.
* 1112 – Bologna becomes a free town.
* 1167 – City joins Lombard League.
* 1184 – Bologna Cathedral consecrated by Pope Lucius III.
* 1200 – Palazzo del Podestà built (approximate date).
* 1206 – Inner city fortifications.
* 1245 – Palatium Novum & Palazzo d'Accursio built.
* 1249 – Enzio of Sardinia imprisoned in the Palatium Novum.
* 1252 – Basilica of San Domenico dedicated.
* 1263 – Church of San Francesco built.
* 1293 – Paper mill established.
* 1337 – Taddeo de Pepoli in power.
* 1348 – Black Death epidemic.
* 1351 – Giovanni Visconti of Milan in power.
* 1356 – Public clock installed.
* 1364 – Collegio di Spagna founded.
* 1390 – San Petronio Basilica construction begins.
* 1401 – Giovanni Bentivoglio in power.
* 1436 – Cappella musicale di San Petronio [it] founded.
* 1438 – Bentivoglio family in power again.
* 1444 – Clock tower built in the Palazzo Comunale.
* 1471 – Printing press in operation.
* 1477 – Ptolemy's illustrated Geography published.
* 1506 – Bologna annexed to the Papal States from the Bentivoglio family.
* 1511 – French in power.
* 1530 – Coronation of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
* 1563 – Archiginnasio built.
* 1567 – Fountain of Neptune installed.
* 1568 – Orto Botanico (garden) established.
* 1582
** Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bologna established.
** Accademia dei Carracci (art school) founded.
* 1603 – Palazzo Caprara built.
* 1615 – Accademia dei Floridi founded.
* 1642 – The gazette named Bologna was published for the first time
* 1651 – Teatro Malvezzi built.
* 1653 – Marcello Malpighi, biologist and physician, granted doctorates at University of Bologna.
* 1666 – Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna founded.
* 1675 – Birth of Prospero Lambertini, later Pope Benedict XIV.

## 18th–19th centuries

* 1712 – Painting academy founded.
* 1714
** Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna established.
** Observatory built.
* 1737 – Birth of Luigi Galvani a pioneer of bioelectromagnetics.
* 1763 – Teatro Comunale built.
* 1789 – Galvani conducts bioelectricity experiments.
* 1796 – City becomes part of the French Cisalpine Republic.
* 1797 – 3rd Battalion of the Polish Legions founded in Bologna.
* 1801 – Biblioteca Comunale (library) opens.
* 1805 – Teatro del Corso opens.
* 1814
** City occupied by Austrians.
** Teatro Contavalli established.
* 1831 – 4 February: "Insurrection."
* 1833 – Young Italy Party unrest.
* 1859 – June: "Insurrection."
* 1860
** Bologna becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.
** Gazzetta dell'Emilia newspaper begins publication.
* 1871 – Population: 115,957.
* 1874 – Archivio di Stato di Bologna (state archives) established.
* 1897 – Population: 153,206.
* 1899 – Avanti savoia! newspaper begins publication.

## 20th century

* 1901 – Population: 102,122 town; 153,501 commune.
* 1909
** 5 February: Marinetti's Manifesto of Futurism published in Gazzetta dell'Emilia.
** Bologna F. C. 1909 football club founded.
* 1914 – Maserati automaker in business.
* 1926 – Cinema Teatro Medica Palace [it] opens.
* 1933 – 19 January: Honorary Consulate of Poland opened (see Italy–Poland relations).
* 1944 – Aerial bombing.
* 1945 – April: Battle of Bologna; Allied forces take city.
* 1950 – Population: 226,771.
* 1963 – Cineteca di Bologna founded.
* 1974 – Istituto per i beni artistici, culturali e naturali della Regione Emilia-Romagna [it] headquartered in Bologna.
* 1977 – 1977 Bologna events [it] (student protest).
* 1980 – 2 August: Train station bombing.
* 1985 – Museo civico medievale [it] opens.
* 1990 – Part of 1990 FIFA World Cup football contest held in Bologna.

## 21st century

* 2002 – Associazione Home Movies film archive founded.
* 2003 – Sister city relationship established with Portland, Oregon, USA.
* 2011 – Virginio Merola becomes mayor.
* 2013 – Population: 380,635.
* 2016 – May: Bologna municipal election, 2016 held.
* 2022 – July: City hosts the final round of the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Men's Nations League.