OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tree baler

A tree baler is a machine that wraps trees to allow for easier shipment and storage. Wrapped trees take up much less space and are less likely to be damaged during shipment. The aim of the device is to replace work that previously required hand-tying individual trees, most often used at commercial nurseries.
Tree balers use a funnel, through which the tree is forced, thereby compressing the branches tight to the trunk. The baler then wraps or ties the branches to maintain a compressed shape for shipment and storage. Simple machines are operated manually, usually requiring one person to push the tree through the funnel and another to wrap it. A mechanized baler does both operations and can bale over 100 trees per hour.
According to the Berks-Mont News, the motorized christmas tree baler was invented in Pennsylvania in 1944.
A manual baler may also keep the branches compressed by encasing the tree in a plastic netting, rather than wrapping them with twine. This type of baler is often used in retail sales of christmas trees to package the tree for transport by the customer. Manual balers do not compress trees as tightly as mechanized ones.
* Tree baler photos (courtesy of Dutchman Industries)
* Close-up view of a tree baler
* A tree baler in action
* Tyer next to a wrapped tree
# Stemmatophora robustus

Stemmatophora robustus is a species of snout moth in the genus Stemmatophora. It was described by Jan Asselbergs in 2010 as Acteniopsis robustus and is known from the United Arab Emirates.
# Veritatis gaudium

Veritatis gaudium (The Joy of Truth) is an apostolic constitution on ecclesiastical universities and faculties. It was signed by Pope Francis on 8 December 2017 and entered into force on 29 January 2018. It updates the 1979 apostolic constitution Sapientia christiana. The document is 87 pages in length. The new norms took legal effect on the first day of the 2018-2019 academic year or of the 2019 academic year, depending on the school year of particular institutions.

## Scope

The document deals only with ecclesiastical universities and faculties, which are distinguished from Catholic institutions of higher education generally in that they offer degrees granted by authority of the Holy See. Ex corde ecclesiae is not affected by the new document and remains unchanged. It replaces the norms of the apostolic constitution Sapientia christiana, promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 15 April 1979. The document obrogates all laws, customs, and privileges contrary to Veritatis gaudium.

## Structure

The first part (on "common norms") deals with the nature and purpose of ecclesiastical universities and faculties. The second part ("special norms") deals with specific norms regarding faculties of theology, canon law, and philosophy.

## Innovations

The document makes provision for "distance learning", something which had not existed at the time of Sapientia christiana. The document also makes provision for refugees and migrants for whom production of the requisite academic verifications would be impossible.
# Zhu Yongjun

Zhu Yongjun (Chinese: 朱永𧸩; pinyin: Zhū Yǒngjùn; 15 December 1929 – 8 June 2024) was a Chinese nuclear chemical specialist, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was a member of the Chinese Nuclear Society.

## Biography

Zhu was born in Jing County, Anhui, on 15 December 1929. In 1947, he entered Tsinghua University, where he majored in the Department of Chemistry.
After graduation in 1951, Zhu stayed for teaching. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in April 1955. He was promoted to associate professor in 1960 and to full professor in 1970. In 1979, he became deputy director of the Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology, and held that office until 1985.
On 8 June 2024, Zhu died in Beijing, at the age of 94.

## Honours and awards

* 1993 State Natural Science Award (Third Class)
* 1995 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
* 1999 State Technological Invention Award (Second Class)
* 1999 Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation
# Edu (footballer, born 1976)

Eduardo Godinho Felipe (born 5 January 1976 in São Paulo), commonly known as Edu, is a Brazilian retired footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.
# Sphaerotilus natans

Sphaerotilus natans is an aquatic periphyton bacterial organism associated with polluted water. These tightly sheathed filamentous bacteria colonies are commonly but inaccurately known as "sewage fungus"

## Morphology

Straight or smoothly curved filaments 1.5 μm in diameter and 100 to more than 500 μm in length are formed by rod-shaped cells with clear septa growing within a long, tubular sheath. An adhesive basal element at one end of the filament can aid attachment to solid surfaces. The sheath offers some protection from predators, and the ability to anchor in flowing water allows access to a passing stream of food and nutrients. Individual mature cells swarm out of the protective tube to colonize new sites. Each motile mature cell has an intertwined bundle of flagella appearing as a single flagellum consisting of a long filament with a short hook and a basal body complex, but it is distinguishable by electron microscope as 10 to 30 strands with diameters of 12.5 to 16 nm each. S. natans stores reserves of poly- beta -hydroxybutyrate as internal bioplastic globules making up 30 to 40% of the dry weight of a colony. Gram and Neisser staining reactions are negative.

## Habitat

S. natans requires dissolved simple sugars or organic acids as a food supply, but needs less phosphorus than many competing organisms and can tolerate low oxygen concentrations. Capability to deposit elemental sulfur intracellularly in the presence of hydrogen sulfide is believed to be a detoxifying mechanism. S. natans requires either cobalamin or methionine as a trace nutrient. S. natans filaments can aid development of a periphyton biofilm trapping suspended particles and stabilizing colonies of other organisms including Klebsiella and Pseudomonas.
S. natans is described as a key taxon in sewage fungus, a polymicrobial biofilm that proliferates in rivers with a high organic loading such as from sewage discharges, industrial effluents or runoff from airport de-icing. It is also implicated in active sludge bulking

## Significance

Sphaerotilus natans is often associated with a buoyant floc (or "bulking sludge") causing poor solids separation in activated sludge clarifiers of secondary sewage treatment. Metal surfaces covered with S. natans may experience accelerated corrosion if the slime creates a barrier causing differential oxygen concentrations. S. natans slimes may reduce quality of paper produced by paper mills that use recycled water.
# Cuspivolva ostheimerae

Cuspivolva ostheimerae is a species of sea snail in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.
# Shamji v Johnson Matthey Bankers Ltd

Shamji v Johnson Matthey Bankers Ltd [1991] BCLC 36 is a UK insolvency law case concerning the administration procedure when a company is unable to repay its debts.

## Facts

Shamji controlled a group of companies. They were in debt to JMB who had mortgages and guarantees. JMB wanted payment. The bank agreed to release the debt if Shamji paid £14m within 21 days and this could be extended by 14 days if the bank viewed negotiations as proceeding properly. Six days after the 21-day period, JMB appointed receivers. Shamji and the companies went to court for an injunction, arguing the bank had breached the contract. They argued there was a duty on JMB as mortgagee, when appointing a receiver, to consider relevant matters including the effect of an appointment on refinancing negotiations.

## Judgment
### High Court

Hoffmann J dismissed the appeal. He said the bank was entitled contractually to appoint receivers. It owed no duty of care when doing so to any mortgagor or guarantor. It was protecting its interests and could not be challenged.

### Court of Appeal

Oliver LJ affirmed the decision of Hoffmann J. Nourse LJ agreed.
# El Affroun District

El Affroun is a district in Blida Province, Algeria. It was named after its capital, El Affroun.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 2 municipalities:
* El Affroun
* Oued Djer
36°28′N 2°38′E﻿ / ﻿36.467°N 2.633°E﻿ / 36.467; 2.633
* This article about a location in Blida Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Vesta Veterans International Eights Head of the River Race

The Vesta Veterans Head which often sees notable entries under the title the Vesta Veterans International Head of the River Race is a rowing race held annually on the River Thames over the Championship Course.

## Course

The direction in which it is raced will be advertised as the preferred ebb tide, if that occurs fairly near the middle of the day. The direction is confirmed from many weeks ahead on the race website. It is raced from Mortlake to Putney or vice versa.

## Categories and entries

It is open to veteran (also known as masters) eights and quads, who race in prize categories determined by their average ages, plus novice prizes for the least-race-points crews in the men's, women's and mixed categories, which are further sub-categories of each category. The race always takes place on the day after the Head of the River Race. There is on-water marshalling provided and an entry fee applies. Any surplus money is applied to further the sport of rowing.

## Organiser

It is organised by Vesta Rowing Club.
# Robert H. Taylor

Robert H. Taylor (died, aged 76, on 5 May 1985) was a bibliophile who was president of the Grolier Club, the Keats-Shelley Association of America and the Bibliographical Society of America (1970-1971).
He donated his collection of 7,000 books, manuscripts and drawings to Princeton University in 1971. He had graduated from Princeton in 1930.
Grandson of businessman and politician John Emory Andrus, Taylor served as director of the Surdna Foundation, a philanthropy established by Andrus in 1917.

## Collecting

Taylor's collection was noted for its works by Anthony Trollope and Richard Brinsley Sheridan. One important item owned by Taylor was the original manuscript for Sheridan's The School for Scandal which he acquired via Barton Currie. The collection also includes a number of original manuscripts of John Locke. One of his notable works was translating the Burmese writer, Thein Pe Myint's Wartime Traveller into English.
In 1981 he was awarded the Sir Thomas More Medal for Book Collecting by the University of San Francisco Gleeson Library and the Gleeson Library Associates.
# Eduarda (name)

Eduarda is a Portuguese feminine given name, a variation of the masculine name Eduardo.

## List of people with the name

* Eduarda Amorim (born 1986), Brazilian handball player
* Eduarda Coelho (born 1968), Portuguese sprinter
* Eduarda Kraisch (born 1993), Brazilian volleyball player
* Eduarda Mansilla (1834–1892), Argentine writer
# Sphaerotrypes cristatus

Sphaerotrypes cristatus, is a species of weevil found in Sri Lanka. Larval host plants are Calophyllum, Shorea cordifolia, and Vateria copallifera.
# Smeller

Smeller may refer to:
* Witch smeller, a title amongst the Zulu and other Bantu-speaking peoples of Southern Africa
* Smeller (installation), an installation by the Berlin-based artist Wolfgang Georgsdorf.
** Osmodrama
* Smeller, an informal term for the nose.
# Rezne Wong

Eli "Rezne" Wong (born May 12, 1991) is a national-level swimmer from the Northern Mariana Islands. He swam at 3 World Championships (2007, 2009 and 2011), and is to also swim at the 2013 World Championships. He attended and swam for the USA's University of Hawaii (2009-2013).
# Cysoing

Cysoing (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France, 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Lille. It is twinned with the English town of Much Wenlock. An obsolete spelling is Cisoin.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Cysoing | The arms of Cysoing are blazoned : Bendy Or and azure. (Baisieux, Bouvines and Cysoing use the same arms.) |

## Bordering municipalities

Cysoing is bordered by Bouvines, Sainghin-en-Mélantois, Gruson, Camphin-en-Pévèle, Bourghelles, Cobrieux, Genech, Louvil, Templeuve-en-Pévèle, and Péronne-en-Mélantois.
# Elachista adscitella

Elachista adscitella is a moth of the family Elachistidae found in Europe.

## Description

The wingspan is 9–11 millimetres (0.35–0.43 in).
The larvae feed on false-brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum), Carex elata, a bunch grass (Calamagrostis arundinacea), tufted hair-grass (Deschampsia cespitosa), wavy hair-grass (Deschampsia flexuosa), bearded couch (Elymus caninus), Festuca altissima, Festuca drymeja, giant fescue (Festuca gigantea), mountain melick (Melica nutans), wood mellick (Melica uniflora), wood millett (Milium effusum), Phleum species, broad-leaved meadow-grass (Poa chaixii), Poa remota, Sesleria albicans, Sesleria argentea, blue moor-grass (Sesleria caerulea) and Sesleria sadlerana.

## Distribution

It is found in all of Europe, except Iceland, the Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine and Lithuania.
# Ventral propriospinal tract

Ventral propriospinal tract is a collection of nerve fibers, ascending, descending, crossed and uncrossed, that interconnect various levels of the spinal cord. It is a component of the white anterior columns. The fibers are largely myelinated and run close to the spinal central gray for the length of the cord. Shorter fibers are closer to, longer fibers further from the gray. Other prominent components of the anterior columns are the medial longitudinal fasciculus of the spinal cord, the anterior spinothalamic tract of the spinal cord and the lateral vestibulospinal tract of the spinal cord. The ventral propriospinal tract is one of three propriospinal tracts in which most pathways intrinsic to the spinal cord are located. The others are the dorsal propriospinal tract and the lateral propriospinal tract.,
# Zidine, Novo Goražde

Zidine (Serbian Cyrillic: Зидине) is a village in the municipality of Novo Goražde, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Synchronised swimming at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships – Solo technical routine

The Solo technical routine competition of the Synchronised swimming events at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships was held on July 17 with the preliminary round held in the morning and the final in the evening session.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Natalia Ishchenko Russia | Huang Xuechen China | Andrea Fuentes Spain |

## Results

The preliminary round was held at 09:00 local time. The final was held at 17:15.
Green denotes finalists
| Rank | Diver | Nationality | Preliminary | Preliminary | Final | Final |
| Rank | Diver | Nationality | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| | Natalia Ishchenko | Russia | 97.900 | 1 | 98.300 | 1 |
| | Huang Xuechen | China | 95.500 | 2 | 96.500 | 2 |
| | Andrea Fuentes | Spain | 94.600 | 3 | 95.300 | 3 |
| 4 | Marie-Pier Boudreau Gagnon | Canada | 93.600 | 4 | 94.500 | 4 |
| 5 | Yumi Adachi | Japan | 91.900 | 5 | 92.600 | 5 |
| 6 | Lolita Ananasova | Ukraine | 89.600 | 6 | 90.700 | 6 |
| 7 | Despoina Solomou | Greece | 89.200 | 7 | 89.400 | 7 |
| 8 | Jenna Randall | Great Britain | 89.100 | 8 | 89.000 | 8 |
| 9 | Linda Cerruti | Italy | 88.400 | 9 | 88.300 | 9 |
| 10 | Anastasia Gloushkov | Israel | 87.700 | 10 | 87.500 | 10 |
| 11 | Mary Killman | United States | 87.700 | 10 | 87.100 | 11 |
| 12 | Wang Ok-Gyong | North Korea | 87.300 | 12 | 86.600 | 12 |
| 16.5 | H09.5 | | | | 00:55.635 | O |
| 13 | Anna Kulkina | Kazakhstan | 83.400 | 13 | | |
| 14 | Park Hyun-Ha | South Korea | 83.300 | 14 | | |
| 15 | Giovana Stephan | Brazil | 82.900 | 15 | | |
| 16 | Nadine Brandl | Austria | 82.500 | 16 | | |
| 17 | Eszter Czékus | Hungary | 78.400 | 17 | | |
| 17 | Etel Sánchez | Argentina | 78.400 | 17 | | |
| 19 | Kalina Yordanova | Bulgaria | 77.000 | 19 | | |
| 20 | Anastasiya Ruzmetova | Uzbekistan | 76.100 | 20 | | |
| 21 | Kristina Krajcovicova | Slovakia | 75.700 | 21 | | |
| 22 | Asly Alegria | Colombia | 75.600 | 22 | | |
| 23 | Greisy Gomez | Venezuela | 74.700 | 23 | | |
| 23 | Katrina Ann | Malaysia | 74.700 | 23 | | |
| 25 | Elena Tini | San Marino | 74.500 | 25 | | |
| 26 | Jomana Mohamed Khaled | Egypt | 73.400 | 26 | | |
| 27 | Tuğçe Tanış | Turkey | 73.000 | 27 | | |
| 28 | Violeta Mitinian | Costa Rica | 69.300 | 28 | | |
| 29 | Kirstin Anderson | New Zealand | 68.800 | 29 | | |
| 30 | Nantaya Polsen | Thailand | 67.900 | 30 | | |
| 31 | Barbara Luna | Cuba | 67.500 | 31 | | |
| 32 | Adela Amanda Nirmala | Indonesia | 66.000 | 32 | | |
| 33 | Laura Strugnell | South Africa | 61.800 | 33 | | |
# Kermadec red-crowned parakeet

The Kermadec red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cyanurus), also known as the Kermadec red-fronted parakeet or Kermadec parakeet, is a parrot endemic to New Zealand's Kermadec Islands in the south-west Pacific Ocean. It is a subspecies of the red-fronted parakeet, and sometimes considered a full species. It is also the first documented example of a parrot recolonising an island after the removal of invasive predators.

## Description

The Kermadec red-crowned parakeet is a medium-sized, predominantly green parrot with a crimson cap and eye-stripe. At about 29 cm in length, and 80-90 g in weight, it is significantly larger than the nominate subspecies, as well as having noticeably bluer plumage.

## Distribution

The parakeet is found in the Kermadec group, which lies about 1000 km NNE of New Zealand's North Island, and 900 km SSW of Tongas 'Ata Island. However, it was eradicated from the principal island in the group, 30 km$^2$ Raoul, in the early 19th century, with the last records of breeding there in 1836, as a consequence of the introduction by humans of goats, cats, and both brown and Polynesian rats. It survived only on the nearby Herald Islets 2–4 km away, where there are about 50 breeding pairs, and on 3 km$^2$ Macauley Island some 100 km to the south with about 8-10,000 birds.
For 172 years no breeding was recorded on Raoul, although occasional vagrant individual birds were seen. In 2008, following island restoration that included the removal of goats by 1986, the rats by 2004 and the cats by 2006, red-crowned parakeets were again recorded breeding on Raoul Island, presumably having recolonised it from the Herald Islets.

## Behaviour

The parakeets are normally seen in pairs or small groups outside the breeding season. They may form flocks, though some pairs remain alone through the year. They forage on or near the ground, congregating at water sources to drink and bathe. Flocks will occasionally fly to neighbouring islands to forage.
# Yaylalı, Alanya

Yaylalı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Alanya, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,272 (2022).
# Cyrtodactylus wallacei

Cyrtodactylus wallacei is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to Sulawesi.

## Etymology

The specific name, wallacei, is in honor of British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace.

## Description

Large for its genus, C. wallacei may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 11 cm (4.3 in).

## Reproduction

C. wallacei is oviparous.
# Treehunter

Treehunter may refer to:
* Cryptic treehunter (Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti)
* Pale-browed treehunter (Cichlocolaptes leucophrus)
* Uniform treehunter (Thripadectes ignobilis)
* Striped treehunter (Thripadectes holostictus)
* Sharp-billed treehunter (Heliobletus contaminatus)
* Peruvian treehunter (Thripadectes scrutator)
* Streak-breasted treehunter (Thripadectes rufobrunneus)
* Flammulated treehunter (Thripadectes flammulatus)
* Streak-capped treehunter (Thripadectes virgaticeps)
* Black-billed treehunter (Thripadectes melanorhynchus)
# Elachista aeruginosa

Elachista aeruginosa is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Parenti in 1981. It is found in Iran.
# Victor J. Pospishil

Archimandrite Monsignor Victor J. Pospishil (1915 – 2006) was a Ukrainian Catholic priest and a leading scholar on canon law and the Eastern Catholic churches.
During the 1960s he was a controversial advocate for divorced Catholics, arguing in his 1967 book Divorce and Remarriage: Towards a New Catholic Teaching in favor of the reform of the laws that prevented them from receiving the sacraments.
He was born 4 February 1915 in Vienna, Austria, then capital of Austria-Hungary. Following his training at the Theological Academy and Seminary in Đakovo, Croatia, he was ordained a priest on 16 June 1940. During World War II he served as an army chaplain and in parishes in Yugoslavia and Austria. Afterwards he studied liturgy and canon law at the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome, receiving his doctorate from the Pontifical Gregorian University.
He immigrated to the United States in May 1950 where he joined the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Archdiocese in Philadelphia. He served in parishes in Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. In recognition of his work in canon law Pope John XXIII gave him the title of Private Papal Chamberlain in 1960. In 1976 was named an Archimandrite by Cardinal Josyf Slipyj. From 1966 to 1976 he served on the religious studies faculty of Manhattan College.
He died 16 February 2006 in Old Bridge, New Jersey and is buried in St. Gertrude Cemetery in Colonia, New Jersey.

## Books

* Die Rechtsstellung des Patriarchen der Serbischen Kirche in der Kirchenverfassung von 1931-1947, (Brixen im Thale, Austria: privately published, 1950)
* Interritual Canon Law Problems in the United States and Canada, (Chesapeake City, Maryland: St. Basil's, 1955)
* Code of Oriental Canon Law, the Law on Persons: Rites, Persons in General, Clergy and Hierarchy, Monks, Religious, Laity, (Ford City, Pennsylvania: St. Mary's Ukrainian Catholic Church, 1960)
* Code of Oriental Canon Law, the Law on Marriage: Interritual Marriage Law Problems, (Chicago, Illinois: Universe Editions, 1962)
* Ford City, Pennsylvania 1887-1962: The First Seventy-Five Years of Our Town, editor, (Ford City, Pennsylvania: The Ford City Public Library, 1962)
* Orientalium Ecclesiarum: The Decree on the Eastern Catholic Churches of the II Council of the Vatican, (Bronx, New York: Fordham University, 1965)
* Divorce and Remarriage: Towards a New Catholic Teaching, (New York, New York: Herder and Herder, 1967)
* The Quest for the Ukrainian Catholic Patriarchate, co-author with Hryhor M. Luznycky, (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Ukrainian Publications, 1971)
* Ex Occidente Lex, (Carteret, New Jersey: St. Mary's Religious Action Fund, 1979)
* The New Latin Code of Canon Law and Eastern Catholics, co-author with John D. Faris, (Brooklyn, New York: Diocese of St. Maron, 1984)
* Eastern Catholic Church Law, (Brooklyn, New York: Saint Maron Publications, 1996)
* Final Tally: A Report on the Unremarkable Life of a Catholic Priest in the Twentieth Century, (New Jersey: privately published, 2001)