OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stephen Gottheil Rich

Stephen Gottheil Rich (1890–1958) of New Jersey, was the son of Joseph S. Rich who helped found the Collectors Club of New York. Stephen Rich was an ardent stamp collector, and created some important specialized collections of stamps.

## Collecting interests

Rich had a wide interest in philately; but, he created award-winning specialized collections. His most widely regarded collection was his Orange Free State, the Boer War and the Cape of Good Hope Triangulars. He later wrote Philately of the Anglo-Boer War of 1895-1902 in 1943. Stephen Rich also collected postage stamps and postal history of France and Poland, postal history of the state of New Jersey, and U.S. Telegraph Stamps.
Rich also had a collection of pre-cancelled stamps and edited The Precancel Bee.

## Philatelic activity

Rich served as an officer in the Society of Philatelic Americans for a number of years.

## Honors and awards

Stephen Gottheil Rich was admitted to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1959, the year after he died.
# Xylopsora

Xylopsora is a genus of lichenized fungi, belonging to the family Umbilicariaceae.
The genus was described in 2013 by Bendiksby and Timdal.
Species:
* Xylopsora canopeorum
* Xylopsora caradocensis
* Xylopsora friesii
# Legislative Council of Trinidad and Tobago

The Legislative Council of Trinidad and Tobago served as an advisory commission to the governor in British-ruled Trinidad and Tobago, between 1831$^{:23}$ and independence in 1962. The Legislative Council consisted of a mixture of appointed and elected members. After the introduction of elected representation in 1925 the council consisted of 13 "unofficial" members (those who were not civil servants serving ex officio in the council), seven elected and six appointed. Over time the balance between elected members and appointed members changed. In 1956, the council consisted of 24 elected and 7 appointed unofficial members.
From 1950, the council served as a unicameral legislature.

## Background

Between 1797 and 1925, Trinidad was directly ruled by Britain as a crown colony with no elected representation. This was unlike the situation in the rest of the British West Indies where an elected Assembly was the norm. While there was a Council of Advice, which was later replaced by a Council of Government and finally by an Executive and Legislative Council, these were purely advisory bodies and had no elected representation. Following an investigative visit to the Caribbean by Major E. F. L. Wood (Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies) between December 13, 1921 and February 14, 1922, a recommendation was made to include elected members.
The Treaty of Capitulation of 18 February 1797 surrendered control of Spanish-administered Trinidad to the British. The treaty protected the property rights of the population, and guaranteed that the "free coloured people...shall be protected in their liberty, persons and property, like other inhabitants".
In 1801 the first British governor, Sir Thomas Picton, established a Council of Advice which was renamed His Majesty's Council in 1803. In 1831, this purely advisor council was replaced with the Council of Government, the first legislative council.

## Elections

The first elections to the Legislative Council were held in 1925. Voting rights were based on property or income qualifications. The colony was divided into seven constituencies:
* the city of Port of Spain
* the county of Caroni
* the county of St. George
* the Eastern Counties (St. Andrew, St. David, Nariva and Mayaro)
* the county of Victoria
* the county of St. Patrick
* the ward of Tobago
# Dher Majra

Dher Majra is an archeological site associated with the Indus Valley civilization in Rupnagar district in the Indian state of Punjab. The settlement was believed to primarily belong to the Bara culture strand of the Indus Valley Civilization.
# Rovere

Rovere may refer to
* Italian noble House of Della Rovere or any of its members
* Italian name of Sessile Oak
* Roveré Veronese, an Italian municipality
* Roveré della Luna, an Italian municipality
* Rovere, Rocca di Mezzo, a frazione of Rocca di Mezzo, Province of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
* Lucrezia Lante della Rovere (born 1966), Italian actress
* Richard Rovere (1915–1979), American journalist
* Gino Rovere (fl. 1934–1938), Italian racing driver
# Maple Palm

Maple Palm is a 2006 American romantic drama film directed by Ralph Torjan.

## Premise

Maple Palm focuses on a lesbian couple, Nicole (Deborah Stewart) and Amy (Andrea Carvajal), who have been living together for fifteen years. Nicole is an illegal immigrant from Canada who has no protection under the law, since same-sex marriages are not recognized by the United States.

## Cast

* Deborah Stewart as Nicole
* Taymour Ghazi as Glen
* Andrea Carvajal as Amy
* Robert J. Feldman as Billy
* Lynda Lefever as Mom

## Reception

Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times was moved by the conviction with which the cast threw themselves into the project, and felt the storyline was one with potential, but felt that the director should have used a lighter hand to increase believability and menace. Ernest Hardy of LA Weekly felt that the director took an important political and social issue and reduced it to a shameless manipulation of the viewer's emotions.
# Crepis monticola

Crepis monticola is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name mountain hawksbeard.

## Distribution

This aster-like flower is native to northern California and southern Oregon, in the Klamath Mountains and Northern California Coast Ranges.
It grows in woodlands and dry Yellow pine forest and Red fir forest habitats.

## Description

Crepis monticola is a taprooted perennial which rarely exceeds 30 centimeters (12 inches) in height. The dense foliage is made up of highly lobed and toothed leaves forming a wrinkled, bristly clump. It is often covered in sticky exudate.
The inflorescence is a cluster of several flower heads, each made up of about 20 golden yellow ligules with toothed tips, but no disc florets.
The fruit is a small achene with a white pappus.
# Tonight We Have the Stars

"Tonight We Have the Stars" is a rock song written by Bryan Adams, Gretchen Peters and Jim Vallance for Adams' tenth studio album 11 (2008). The song's musical-style and production were heavily inspired by rock and pop music from the 1980s, and its lyrics chronicles a relationship. The single was released worldwide on May 30, 2008 and later as a digital single on June 6, 2008. The B-side is a live solo acoustic performance of "Somethin' to Believe In" in Barcelona, Spain from his digital UK EP "Live From Barcelona".

## Recording and production

"Tonight We Have the Stars" was written by Adams, Gretchen Peters and Jim Vallance. When writing the song, the three e-mailed each other's audio files back and forth, with each of them commenting on the song when received. This process continued until the song was completed. As Vallance later wrote on his webpage;
   "This is my 'first draft' of 'Tonight We Have The Stars' (the original "audio email" that I sent to Bryan). It was a quick recording done in my home studio in Vancouver, but Bryan was able to turn this humble snippet into a song."
The song was mixed by Bob Clearmountain at his studio in Los Angeles. As stated by Vallance: "I was in Canada, Bryan was in Brazil, and Ben Dobie was in England. Give or take a few milliseconds, we were all hearing the mix "live", streaming on a dedicated, encrypted iTunes channel." After each pass of mixing Vallance and Adams would send comments to him on iChat. After giving Clearmountain a comment he would "roll tape" again, and we'd hear the suggested changes unfold in close-to-real time. As stated by Vallance:
   "This might not seem unique to everyone, but for me, considering the technology that existed when I started in the music business nearly 40 years ago, this is like science fiction. I can only imagine where things will be, 40 years from now!"

## Reception

Following statement is from a review by Kirk LaPointe, managing editor of The Vancouver Sun;
   "Arguably the strongest song on 11, Tonight We Have The Stars has a serendipitous quality that speaks volumes about how Bryan works and networks: a lyric from last decade with Gretchen Peters, a new piece of music sent by Vallance and a new melody from Adams. He pulled the pieces off his Mac on an airplane and began mumbling the result to the surprise of his seatmates. Presto, the song that built the foundation for the album".
Darryl Sterdan, in his review for Jam! have stated that the song is "a classic Adams opening gambit -- he starts out with moody verses, then kicks into gear with an arena-ready chorus". However MusicOMH was not too impressed by the song calling it has "requisite croaky vocals and anthemic radio-friendly chorus, but there's nothing to move or touch you."

## Music video

The Music video for the song is identical to the previous single's video. Bryan and his band play the song live in a studio. It was available on his website for a time, and is to be included with the upcoming DVD.
# Torno (river)

The Torno is an Italian river whose source is in Aspromonte National Park. From there, the river flows southeast and empties into the Ionian Sea north of Brancaleone.
# Tazlăul Mare oil field

The Tazlăul Mare oil field is an oil field located in Tazlău, Neamț County. It was discovered in 2010 and developed by Europa Oil & Gas. The pre-drill Oil in place reserves of the Tazlăul Mare oil field are estimated to be 225 million barrels (30.6×10$^6$tonnes), and production will be centered on 5,000 barrels per day (790 m$^3$/d).
# Lentävänniemi

Lentävänniemi (Finnish pronunciation:) is a district in the western part of Tampere on the shores of Lake Näsijärvi in Pirkanmaa, Finland. It belongs to the northwestern part of the city and borders the Niemi and Niemenranta borders on the southwest. There are jogging paths along the lake and its shores surrounding the apartment-based Lentävänniemi. In 2014, the population of Lentävänniemi was 4,309.
Lentävänniemi originally belonged to the municipality of Ylöjärvi, from where it was transferred to the city of Tampere in the early 1950s. The first town plan for Lentävänniemi was completed in 1966, and the entire area was zoned in 1974. Most of the street names in Lentävänniemi are group names related to navigating the waters according to the location of the place (such as Airokatu, Venekatu and Majakkakatu). Jänissaarenkatu, Jänislahdenkatu, Jänislammenkatu and Suomensaarenkatu are based on natural names. The former island of Suomensaari in Lake Näsijärvi, which grew close to the mainland as a peninsula, had a croft on Suomensaari in the early 19th century.
Bus lines 3 and 14 run from Lentävänniemi to the city center of Tampere, about nine kilometers away. In addition, line 36 runs to Tampere University Hospital. Lentävänniemi has a school for grades 1-6, a kindergarten, a pizzeria, a barbecue kiosk, a sports field, a small shopping center with a pub, hairdresser, kebab restaurant, K-Market grocery store, and youth center, as well as two harbors, one of which is Jänissaari, which serves as the Näsijärvi Sailing Club. The Lentävänniemi library, which operated in the same building as the Lentävänniemi school, was merged with the Lamminpää library in the Lielahtikeskus, which was completed in 2014, into the Lielahti library.
In the second phase of Tampere tram traffic, a light rail connection to Lentävänniemi would be established from the city center.
# Thailand at the 1996 Summer Paralympics

Seven male athletes from Thailand competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta, United States. Two men won bronze medals for their country.

## Medallists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Bronze | Prasopchoke Klunngern | Athletics | Men's 10,000m T52-53 |
| Bronze | Panom Lagsanaprim | Swimming | Men's 100m breaststroke B1 |
# Soviet ship Kirov

Two ships of the Soviet Navy have been named for the Bolshevik leader Sergei Mironovich Kirov. Both have been the lead ships of their classes.
* Soviet cruiser Kirov - a Kirov-class cruiser
* Soviet battlecruiser Kirov - a Kirov-class missile cruiser subsequently named Admiral Ushakov
# Crepis modocensis

Crepis modocensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Modoc hawksbeard.
It is native to western North America (British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado), where it grows in several types of mountain and plateau habitat, including sagebrush. It typically prefers rocky soil.
The species name is from the Modoc Plateau, in the northeast California range.

## Description

Crepis modocensis is a perennial herb growing an erect stem up to 45 centimeters (18 inches) tall and often lined with long bristles. The woolly and sometimes bristly leaves are dark-veined and edged with blunt and sharp lobes. The longest leaves at the base of the plant reach about 25 centimeters (10 inches) long.
The inflorescence bears one to ten flower heads about 5 cm (2 in) in diameter with rough or bristly phyllaries and up to 60 yellow ray florets but no disc florets.
The fruit is an achene around a centimeter long which is black, sometimes green or red tinted, and sports a tufty white pappus.

### Subspecies

* Crepis modocensis subsp. glareosa (Piper) Babc. & Stebbins – Kittitas County in Washington
* Crepis modocensis subsp. modocensis – most of species range
* Crepis modocensis subsp. rostrata (Coville) Babc. & Stebbins – British Columbia, Washington
* Crepis modocensis subsp. subacaulis (Kellogg) Babc. & Stebbins – California, Montana, Nevada, Oregon
C. modocensis may have hybridized with Crepis atribarba to produce Crepis barbigera, the head size of which is intermediate between its prospective parent species.
# Tonight We Ride

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Tonight We Ride is the twelfth studio album by American singer-songwriter Michael Martin Murphey and his first for Warner Bros. Records. Released in 1986, the album was produced by Jim Ed Norman and contains guest performances by Holly Dunn, Reggie Young, Mark O'Connor, Charlie McCoy, and JD Souther. The album's title track was also its first single. The album peaked at number 46 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

## Credits

Music
* Michael Martin Murphey – lead vocals, guitar, banjo
* Fred Carter Jr. – guitar
* Paul Worley – guitar
* Steve Gibson – guitar
* Reggie Young – electric guitar
* Josh Leo – guitar, mandolin
* Sonny Garrish – steel guitar
* Carmen Acciaioli – steel guitar
* Buddy Emmons – steel guitar
* Mitch Humphries – piano, synthesizer
* Barry Beckett – piano
* Dennis Burnside – piano, synthesizer
* John Jarvis – piano, synthesizer
* David Hoffner – synthesizer, piano
* Mark O'Connor – fiddle
* Charlie McCoy – harmonica
* Michael Rhodes – bass
* Michael Bowden – bass
* Eddie Bayers – drums
* Pam Tillis – vocals
* JD Souther – background vocals
* Gary Pigg – background vocals
* Robb Strandlund – background vocals
* Thomas Flora – background vocals
* Sonny Throckmorton – background vocals
* Michael Lund – background vocals
Production
* Nick DeCaro – arranger
* Bergen White – arranger
* Scott Hendricks – engineer
* Chris Hammond – assistant engineer
* Eric Prestidge – engineer, mastering, mixing
* Lee Groizsch – assistant engineer, mixing assistant
* Glenn Meadows – mastering
* Kurt Markus – photography
* W.C. Matthews – design

## Chart performance

| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums | 46 |
# Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial

Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial (男はつらいよ 寅次郎サラダ記念日, Otoko wa Tsurai yo: Torajirō Sarada Kinenbi) is a 1988 Japanese comedy film directed by Yoji Yamada. It stars Kiyoshi Atsumi as Torajirō Kuruma (Tora-san), and Yoshiko Mita as his love interest or "Madonna". Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial is the fortieth entry in the popular, long-running Otoko wa Tsurai yo series. The title comes from Machi Tawara poetry collection Salad Anniversary, on which this movie was based.

## Synopsis

In his travels through Japan, Tora-san meets and falls in love with a female doctor, but he is afraid of committing to a relationship.

## Cast

* Kiyoshi Atsumi as Torajirō
* Chieko Baisho as Sakura
* Yoshiko Mita as Machiko
* Hiroko Mita as Yuki
* Shimojo Masami as Kuruma Tatsuzō
* Chieko Misaki as Tsune Kuruma (Torajiro's aunt)
* Gin Maeda as Hiroshi Suwa
* Hidetaka Yoshioka as Mitsuo Suwa
* Hisao Dazai as Boss (Umetarō Katsura)
* Gajirō Satō as Genkō
* Toshinori Omi as Sei
* Chishū Ryū as Gozen-sama
* Tomoko Naraoka as Machiko's mother

## Critical appraisal

Yoshiko Mita was nominated for Best Actress at the Japan Academy Prize for her role in Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial. Kevin Thomas at the Los Angeles Times gave the film a positive review. The German-language site molodezhnaja gives Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial four out of five stars, labeling it one of the highlights of the series.

## Availability

Tora-san's Salad-Day Memorial was released theatrically on December 24, 1988. In Japan, the film has been released on videotape in 1989 and 1996, and in DVD format in 2005 and 2008.
# Stenoma baliandra

Stenoma baliandra is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in Suriname and Guyana.
The wingspan is 15–17 mm. The forewings are fuscous, somewhat mixed with brownish ochreous in the disc and on the veins posteriorly, in males irregularly mixed and marked with whitish between this suffusion. The costal edge is more or less marked with pale ochreous, especially on the median prominence. There are five very oblique irregular curved dentate blackish lines, the first two or three sometimes indistinct, the last running from beyond the middle of the costa strongly curved to the tornus. A series of blackish marginal marks is found around the posterior part of the costa and termen. The hindwings are dark fuscous, in males strewn with blackish hairscales.
The larvae feed on Theobroma cacao.
# Tazmalt District

Tazmalt District is a district of Béjaïa Province, Algeria.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 3 municipalities:
* Tazmalt
* Beni Mellikeche
* Boudjellil
# Leif Georg Ferdinand Bang

Leif Georg Ferdinand Bang (11 October 1881 - 3 September 1963) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament during the term 1922–1924, representing the Market towns of Møre og Romsdal county.
Born in Bergen, he was a typographer until 1910, when he became a police officer in Kristiansund. He was a member of Kristiansund city council from 1907 to 1928, serving as both deputy mayor and mayor for short periods. He was then burgomaster for three months in 1938. He returned as a council member in 1945.
As a police officer, he was a member of the national board of the trade union Norsk Politiforbund from 1914 to 1922. From 1922 he worked in the public assistance in his city.
# Ludwig Cohn

Ludwig Cohn (1873 – 1935) was a German naturalist.
Beginning in 1904 he worked as a zoological assistant at the Städtischen Museum für Natur-, Völker- und Handelskunde (Municipal Museum of natural history, ethnology and trade history) in Bremen, under the direction of Hugo Schauinsland (1857–1937). In 1920 he was promoted to head of the natural history department at the museum. He is known for two scientific trips to what is now part of Papua New Guinea, being sponsored by the Bremen museum.
His first journey (1908/09) was to the Solomon Islands. With explorer Karl Nauer (1874–1962), he performed scientific research on Buka and Bougainville, collecting an array of natural and ethnographic objects. As a result of the expedition, a Junggesellenhaus (bachelor dwelling) from the island of Tijob, and a Familienwohnhaus (family house) from the settlement of Toboroi, became centerpieces at the opening of the South Seas Exhibition (1911) at the Bremen museum.
His second expedition (1911/12) was to the Admiralty Islands, where along with zoological items, he acquired a number of ethnographic objects, including a collection of carvings that became an important part of the ethnographic "Oceania collection" at the museum. Many of Cohn's museum artifacts were lost during World War II.
# Cocorăștii Colț

Cocorăștii Colț is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Cheșnoiu, Cocorăștii Colț, Cocorăștii Grind, Colțu de Jos, Ghioldum, Perșunari, Piatra, and Satu de Sus. Until 2004, these belonged to Mănești Commune, when they were split off to form a separate commune.
The commune is situated in the Wallachian Plain, on the banks of the rivers Prahova and Cricovul Dulce. The two rivers are connected by the Iazul Morilor Prahova, an old artificial canal built for a succession of water mills, which starts near Florești and flows into the Cricovul Dulce near Ghioldum village.
Cocorăștii Colț is located at the southwestern extremity of Prahova County, 16 km (10 mi) from the county seat, Ploiești, on the border with Dâmbovița County. It is crossed by the national road DN1A, which connects Bucharest, 56 km (35 mi) to the south, to Ploiești through Buftea. This road intersects here with the county road DJ101A, which leads south to Periș and north to Mănești, where it ends in DN72 [ro].
# Saku (song)

"Saku" (朔-saku-, "New Moon") is the 19th single off the Withering to Death album by Dir En Grey released on July 14, 2004. It was nominated for best Music Video Award on MTV's Headbangers Ball in 2006, making it the first ever J-rock song to be nominated for the Award. Although the cover and inlay give the single title as "朔" without annotation, it's considered to be "朔-saku-". Similarly, the song title is written as "朔 saku" in the booklet.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Kyo; Music composed by Dir En Grey.

## Personnel

* Dir En Grey
** Kyo – vocals, lyricist
** Kaoru – guitar
** Die – guitar
** Toshiya – bass guitar
** Shinya – drums
* Hiroshi Tomioka – Executive producer
# Tongaon

Tongaon is a village in Bhadgaon tehsil of Jalgaon District in Maharashtra state, India.

## Demographics

Tongaon is one of the largest villages in Jalgaon District. As per the 2011 Census of India, Tongaon has 2,509 households with a population of 12,470 people, of which 6,490 are males and 5,980 are females.
# Thalloo Mitchell

Thalloo Mitchell (literally meaning Mitchell's land) is a diminutive rural request stop on the northern section of the Manx Electric Railway on the Isle of Man, catering almost exclusively for local traffic. Due to the nature of the tramway's construction, the cars can stop and drop off almost anywhere and will do so within reason. For this reason a great number of localised stopping places have built up since the line was completed, many at the intersection of farmer's crossings like this one. The crossings/halts usually take the name of the farmer or the farm as is the case here, but these unofficial halts never appear in timetable materials or have nameboards fitted to show their names. Many do however now carry bus stop-type signs attached to traction poles, and these were fitted in line with then-management policy in 1999.
| Preceding station | Manx Electric Railway | Manx Electric Railway | Manx Electric Railway | Following station |
| Dhoon Quarrytowards Derby Castle | | Douglas–Ramsey | | Brown's Crossingtowards Ramsey Station |
54°15′29″N 4°22′18″W﻿ / ﻿54.2579972°N 4.3716772°W﻿ / 54.2579972; -4.3716772

## Also

Manx Electric Railway Stations