OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cutoff Formation

The Cutoff Formation is a geologic formation in Texas and New Mexico, US. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period.

## Description

The Cutoff Formation consists of 233 feet (71 m) feet of thin limestone beds interbedded with dark shale and sandstone. It grades northwards into the San Andres Formation and is likely correlative with the upper part of the Bone Spring Formation within the Delaware Basin. In age, the formation straddles the Cisuralian - Guadalupian boundary. It lies atop the Victorio Peak or Bone Spring Formation and is overlain by the Brushy Canyon Formation or Cherry Canyon Formation. Both these formations fill paleocanyons cut deeply in the Cutoff Formation, in some cases cutting clear through to the underlying Bone Springs or Victorio Peak beds.
The formation is interpreted as a deep basin formation deposited on a drowned shelf to basin topography. It contains numerous turbidite sequences.

## Fossils

Limestone beds of the formation contain chonetid brachiopods (Chonetes) and gastropods. The formation includes a few massive limestone beds that contain a diverse assemblage of fossils, including fusulinids, corals, and crinoids. Other fossils include the shark Helicoprion, the ammonoids Pseudogastrioceras and Perrinites hilli, the nautiloid Foordiceras, and the fusulinid Parafusulina.

## History of investigation

The unit was first designated as the Cutoff shaly member of the Bone Spring Limestone by P.B. King in 1942, for exposures on the west face of Cutoff Mountain near the New Mexico - Texas border.
# Tom Phillips (diplomat)

Sir Tom Richard Vaughan Phillips, KCMG (born 21 June 1950) is a diplomat who served as Commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies from 2014 to 2018.

## Career

Educated at the University of Exeter, Jesus College, Oxford, and Wolfson College, Oxford, Phillips spent three years as a journalist and then undertook diplomatic postings in Zimbabwe, Israel, and the United States of America. Phillips became British High Commissioner to Uganda in 2000, UK Special Representative for Afghanistan in 2002 and British Ambassador to Israel in 2006. He went on to be British Ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2010 and Commandant of the Royal College of Defence Studies from 2014 to 2018. He is an Honorary Fellow of St Edmund's College, Cambridge.

## Family

In 1986 Phillips married Anne de la Motte; they have two sons.
# René Vestri

René Vestri (25 October 1938 in Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, France – 6 February 2013, in Paris) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France for the Alpes-Maritimes department, a member of the General council of the Alpes-Maritimes and the mayor of Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat. He was a member of the Rassemblement pour la République (RPR) and of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP).
In 2010 Vestri was indicted for money laundering, influence peddling and conspiracy. In 2011, in a separate corruption case, he received a suspended five-month prison sentence and a 3000 Euros fine.
# Schlebusch

Schlebusch is a district in the south-east of the municipality of Leverkusen in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It has an area of 10.31 km$^2$ and in May 2013 had a population of 26,149. Its principal street is the Mülheimer Straße, which until 2014 formed part of Bundesstraße 51.
The settlement gives its name to a family. Reputedly derived from a German word for a thorn bush, the family name was originally von Schlebusch which may indicate a title. The first recorded bearer of this surname, in 1174, was Arnoldus de Rode von Schlebuschrode. The Schlebusch family was from the Ritterklasse (originating from a knighthood) meaning they were noble, but not necessarily titled.
The Schlebusch family living in South Africa today descends from a single ancestor, Johannes Antonius Schlebusch, who had two sons and a daughter. He and his wife, Geertruyda Anna Timmer, arrived in South Africa from Amsterdam in 1805 (his grandfather moved from the Cologne region to Amsterdam). Today several thousand Schlebusch descendants live in South Africa. A small group of this family (Jan Louis Schlebusch and two of his sisters) emigrated to Argentina in the early 1900s. Alwyn Schlebusch was Vice President of South Africa from 1981 to 1984.
# Manuel Ortega

Manuel Ortega may refer to:
* Manuel Ortega (singer) (born 1980), Austrian singer
* Manuel Ortega (painter) (1921–2014), Spanish painter
* Manuel Ortega Ocaña (born 1981), Spanish cyclist
* Manuel Ortega, Emberá, corregimiento in Panama
# WhiteMagic

WhiteMagic is a display technology developed by Sony and first used in Sony Xperia P. It adds one more white subpixel to conventional RGB pixel, making every pixels consists of RGBW sub-pixels.

## Display technology

Sony claims that as white sub-pixel have higher light-penetrating capability, it can provide same level of brightness with fewer back-lit, and thus able to save energy.
The display becomes up to twice as bright and up to twice as power efficient when using this technology. It totally eliminates the problem of sunlight visibility, providing the most clear sunlight legibility while saving power and not causing any heating problems. Traditional LCDs can save a lot of power by displaying mostly black and white colors but a LCD with WhiteMagic one can save even 50% more power using those colors... Sony dedicated a tiny blog post to this, while more detailed ones can be found too.
The technology had also been showcased by other companies like Japan Display.
With WhiteMagic, every group of RGBW sub-pixels belongs to one pixel instead of two as in Pentile RGBW. This gives a double sub-pixel density for the same ppi.
# Undibacterium

Undibacterium is a genus of Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive Betaproteobacteria in the Oxalobacteraceae family. Undibacterium bacteria occurs in drinking water.
# Wilson Middle School

Wilson Middle School can refer to:
* Wilson Middle School (California), a middle school in the San Diego Unified School District
* Wilson Middle School (Florida), a middle school in Tampa, Florida, part of Hillsborough County Public Schools
* Wilson Middle School (Texas), a middle school in the Plano Independent School District
* Wilson Middle School (Washington), a middle school in the Yakima School District
* Wilson Middle School (Wisconsin), a middle school in the Appleton Area School District
# When We Make Love (Ginuwine song)

"When We Make Love" is a song by American recording artist Ginuwine, taken from his fifth studio album Back II Da Basics (2005). It was written by Ernest Dixon and Cedric Solomon, while production was helmed by the latter. Released as the album's first single, it peaked at number 51 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, becoming his lowest-charting leading single up to then.

## Credits and personnel

Credits lifted from the liner notes of Back II Da Basics.
* Ivan Corraliza – recording engineer
* Ernest Dixon – writer
* Ginuwine – vocals
* Jason Goldstein – mixing engineer
* Dave Kutch – mastering engineer
* Cerdric Solomon – writer

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 51 |
# Cutoff

Cutoff or cut off or cut-off may refer to:

## Places

* Cut Off, Louisiana, a town in the US
* Cutoff, Georgia, an unincorporated community in the US

## Alternative routes (US:Westward Expansion Trails)

* Elliott Cutoff
* Hastings Cutoff
* Lander Cutoff
* Lassen Cutoff
* Meek Cutoff
* Salt Lake Cutoff
* Tucson Cutoff
* Woodbury Cutoff

## Clothing and fashion

* Cut-off or kutte, a usually sleeveless decorated jacket
* Crop top, or cutoff, a shirt that exposes the midriff
* Cut-off shorts, long pants that have been cut at the knee level (usually without a hem) to create shorts

## Science and technology

* Cut-off (electronics), a state of negligible conduction.
* Cutoff (metalworking), a piercing operation used to cut a workpiece from the stock.
* Cutoff (meteorology), a high- or low-pressure system stuck in place due to a lack of steering currents.
* Cutoff (physics), a threshold value for a quantity.
* Cutoff (reference value), a one-sided reference range in health-related fields.
* Cutoff (steam engine), the point in the piston stroke at which the inlet valve is closed.
* Cutoff frequency, in telecommunications and digital signal processing.
* Cutoff grade, in mining, the level of mineral in an ore below which it is not economically feasible to mine it.
* Cutoff voltage, the voltage at which a battery is considered fully discharged.
* Fuse (electrical) (or cutoff), a type of overcurrent protection device.
* Meander cutoff, a course change in a meandering river.
* Cutoff functions, a construction used to eliminate singularities of a given function.
* Thermal cutoff, an electrical safety device that interrupts electric current when heated to a specific temperature.

## Other uses

* Cut-off (poker), the seat to the right of the dealer or button, second best position
* Railroad cutoff, a new railroad line built to replace or supplement an existing route
* Cutoff Mountain, a summit in Montana
# Tommy Worton

Thomas Worton (1876–unknown) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for West Bromwich Albion and Wolverhampton Wanderers.
# Cheat on Me (The Cribs song)

"Cheat on Me" arrived in August 2009 as the first single taken from the fourth studio album by British indie rock band the Cribs. The song provided listeners with the first batch of new material from the four-piece incarnation of the band, with the Smiths and Modest Mouse guitarist Johnny Marr an addition the year previous, later finding release on fourth LP Ignore the Ignorant in September 2009.
Recorded and mixed at Seedy Underbelly Studio in Laurel Canyon, Los Angeles, California with producer Nick Launay, the song received additional treatment at British Grove Studio, London, United Kingdom.

## Physical release

The song received a physical release in numerous forms, through two seven-inch records and a CD single, as well as digital download. Frequent band collaborator Nick Scott designed the sleeve, whereas Autumn de Wilde provided band photography for one of the releases. The first vinyl included a band photograph as an A3 poster, with the second a clear-coloured release. Catalogue numbers 'WEBB221S', 'WEBB221SX' and 'WEBB221SCD'.

## B-sides

"Curse This English Rain" and "So Hot Now", the CD single and seven inch vinyl one B-sides, came from the same sessions as the rest of the album, with additional recording completed at Mastan Music, Portland, Oregon by Jeremy Wilson. "So Hot Now" went on to feature as a split single with Portland band the Thermals on Kill Rock Stars in March 2010, with Gary Jarman on guitar and Ryan Jarman on bass duties. The live versions of "Cheat on Me" and "We Were Aborted" come from Live at the Ritz, an album recorded in Manchester on 5 and 6 February 2009 by Jim Spencer.

## Miscellaneous

The band released an accompanying video with the song, reaching number eighty on the British singles chart.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Gary Jarman, Ross Jarman, Ryan Jarman and Johnny Marr

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Interview With Nick Launay". Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2012-08-10.
* ↑ "Narcsville". 10 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-10.
* ↑ Liner notes from "Cheat on Me" singles (London: Wichita Recordings, 2009)
# Maaziz

Mâaziz is a town in Khémisset Province, Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Morocco. According to the 2004 census, its population was 9,190.
# Darren Carlson

Darren Graham Carlson (born 6 May 1967) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with the Brisbane Bears in the Victorian/Australian Football League (VFL/AFL).
Carlson played his junior football in Surfers Paradise and then participated in three QAFL premierships with Southport, in 1985, 1986 and 1987. In the last of those years he also made his first VFL appearances for Brisbane in their inaugural league season, playing every game from round 11. He averaged 19 disposals a game that year and was "best on ground" against North Melbourne at Carrara Oval, with three Brownlow Medal votes. The following year he represented Queensland in the 1988 Adelaide Bicentennial Carnival.
Leg injuries restricted his progress and he could only add a further 14 games over the next three seasons.
A wingman, Carlson went to South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club West Adelaide in 1991 and was named in "The Advertiser Team of the Year".
# Union Avenue Stakes

The Union Avenue is an American ungraded Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Saratoga Race Course. The race is restricted to fillies and mares 3-years-old and up who were bred in the State of New York. It is raced at a current (2014) distance of six and one half furlongs on the dirt and offers a purse of $100,000 added.
The Union Avenue, inaugurated in 2004, is named for the famed street in Saratoga Springs, New York where the track is located.

## Records

Most wins by a jockey:
* 3 – Edgar Prado (2004, 2006, 2008)
* 3 – Javier Castellano (2009, 2012, 2023)
Most wins by an trainer:
* 3 – Linda Rice (2014, 2016, 2020)
Most wins by an owner:
* No owner has won this race more than once

## Winners of the Union Avenue Stakes

| Year | Winner | Jockey | Trainer | Owner | Time |
| 2024 | Tricky Temper | Flavien Prat | Jeremiah C. Englehart | Mark H. Stanley | 1:10.19 |
| 2023 | Grannys Connection | Javier Castellano | Thomas Morley | Orpen Horses LLC, Alan Griffen, Jack Hardin & Towell Jr. | 1:11.09 |
| 2022 | Bank On Anna | Jose Lezcano | Philip M. Serpe | WellSpring Stables | 1:12.32 |
| 2021 | Awesome Debate | Luis Saez | Bruce R. Brown | NRB Racing Stable & Van Vranken Racing | 1:17.48 |
| 2020 | Newly Minted | Jose Lezcano | Linda Rice | Beach Heaven Thoroughbreds | 1:23.84 |
| 2019 | Carrera Cat | Rajiv Maragh | John Morrison | Stone Bridge Farm & Very Un Stable | 1:14.93 |
| 2018 | Bonita Bianca | Manuel Franco | Jason Servis | Michael Dubb, Bethlehem Stables, & Michael Imperio | 1:15.39 |
| 2017 | Picco Uno | Irad Ortiz Jr. | Jason Servis | Kennesaw Mountain Racing | 1:16.57 |
| 2016 | Hot City Girl | José Ortiz | Linda Rice | Lady Sheila Stable | 1:15.03 |
| 2015 | Tricky Zippy | John R. Velazquez | James A. Jerkens | Newman Racing | 1:15.78 |
| 2014 | Uncle Southern | Luis Saez | Linda Rice | J and M Racing Stables | 1:17.46 |
| 2013 | Willet | Joel Rosario | James Iselin | James H. Iselin, Charlotte Assoulin, David Assoulin, & Eli Gindi | 1:11.36 |
| 2012 | Risky Rachel | Javier Castellano | Juan M. Coronel | Sanford Bacon | 1:09.02 |
| 2011 | Lovely Lil | Ramon A. Dominguez | Michael E. Hushion | Barry K. Schwartz | 1:10.59 |
| 2010 | Meese Rocks | Jorge F. Chavez | Edward R. Barker | Joseph Terranova, Jamie Terranova, & Henry Terranova | 1:11.46 |
| 2009 | Silvercup Baby | Javier Castellano | Carl Domino | Eric Brophy | 1:10.28 |
| 2008 | By The Light | Edgar Prado | Rick Dutrow | Jay Em Ess Stable | 1:10.58 |
| 2007 | Karakorum Starlet | Kent Desormeaux | Jeff Odintz | Karakorum Farm | 1:10.95 |
| 2006 | Gold Like U | Edgar Prado | Richard E. Dutrow Jr. | Vincent S. Scuderi & Sullivan Lane Stable | 1:10.04 |
| 2005 | Lapis | Cornelio Velásquez | John O. Hertler | Carolyn Wilson | 1:11.40 |
| 2004 | Sugar Punch | Edgar Prado | Richard E. Dutrow Jr. | IEAH Stables, Joe Torre, Robert Speranza & Robert A. Petronella | 1:09.81 |
# Willie Ware

Willie Lee Ware (August 16, 1899 – death unknown), nicknamed "Spider", was an American Negro league baseball player. He played for the Chicago American Giants from 1924 to 1926.
# What Remains

What Remains may refer to:
* What Remains (book), a 2003 photography book by Sally Mann
* What Remains (novella), a 1990 novella by Christa Wolf
* What Remains (TV series), a 2013 British drama series
* ...What Remains, a 1999 album by Spoken
* What Remains: The Life and Work of Sally Mann, a 2005 documentary film about Sally Mann
* What Remains (film), a 2022 American independent film
# Cuppy

Cuppy may refer to:
* 15017 Cuppy, an asteroid
* Cuppy's Coffee, a chain of coffee shops
* DJ Cuppy (often simply Cuppy) (b. 1992), a Nigerian musician
* George Cuppy (1869–1922), an American baseball player
* Will Cuppy, an American humorist
# Tony Monopoly

Tony Monopoly (3 December 1944 – 21 March 1995) was an Australian-born cabaret singer and actor who enjoyed success in the United Kingdom. Born Antonio Rosario Monopoli in Adelaide, he was a regular on the national radio show, Kangaroos on Parade at the age of nine as a boy soprano.
At the age of sixteen he became a Carmelite friar and remained in the order for five years. During the 1960s he regularly performed with Edwin Duff and Norm Erskine, as a trio of singers, on In Melbourne Tonight and Tonight with Don Lane.
In 1975 he was appearing at Caesar's Palace in Luton when he auditioned for Opportunity Knocks, a British television talent show, for a run of six appearances. In June 1976, his self-titled album peaked at No. 25 in the UK Albums Chart.
In a national pre-selection to choose the song that would go to the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 9 March 1977 at the New London Theatre, Monopoly earned 66 points and placed ninth with the tune "Leave a Little Love." By the early 1980s Monopoly performed aboard cruise liners, "I lived on one yacht for a year," he said. "I went to 56 countries. I had champagne for breakfast. But I hated it". When fulfilling his increasingly rare engagements on dry land, he divided his time between Australia and the UK.
Monopoly was head-hunted for a musical while appearing in Cinderella at Hanley, near Stoke-on-Trent. He starred – in drag – in Moby Dick, the inaugural production at the newly refurbished Old Fire Station Theatre in Oxford. The show's success prompted Cameron Mackintosh to mount a 1992 West End production, which opened to scathing reviews and promptly closed, after which Monopoly portrayed Old Deuteronomy in a UK tour of Cats.
Monopoly died of cancer in Brighton, England on 21 March 1995.
In 2000, a character named Tony Cluedo - an obvious reference to Tony Monopoly - played By Ted Robbins, appeared in Series 2 of BBC TV comedy The League of Gentlemen as the lead singer of Crème Brulee.
# Two rings

Two rings, or variations, may refer to:
* 2-ring, in mathematics
* "Two Rings", a 2011 song by Ice Choir from the 2012 album Afar
* a type of ring binder
* Bicyclic molecule, two-ringed molecule
** Heterocyclic compounds, 2-ring
# Darren Carr (ventriloquist)

Darren Carr is an Australian ventriloquist and comedian.

## Career

In 2013, Carr auditioned and made it to the Semi-Final of the season 7 of Australia's Got Talent.

## Awards
### Mo Awards

The Australian Entertainment Mo Awards (commonly known informally as the Mo Awards), were annual Australian entertainment industry awards. They recognise achievements in live entertainment in Australia from 1975 to 2016. Darren Carr has won 18 awards.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result (wins only) |
| 2001 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2003 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2004 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2006 | Darren Carr | Versatile Performer | Won |
| 2006 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2007 | Darren Carr | Versatile Performer | Won |
| 2007 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2007 | Darren Carr | Peter Allen Performer of the Year | Won |
| 2008 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2008 | Darren Carr | Peter Allen Performer of the Year | Won |
| 2009 | Darren Carr | Specialty Performer | Won |
| 2010 | Darren Carr | Best Specialty Act | Won |
| 2011 | Darren Carr | Best Specialty Act | Won |
| 2012 | Darren Carr | Best Specialty Act | Won |
| 2014 | Darren Carr | Best Specialty Act | Won |
| 2014 | Darren Carr | Comedy Act of the Year | Won |
| 2014 | Darren Carr | Peter Allen Performer of the Year | Won |
| 2016 | Darren Carr | Comedy Act of the Year | Won |
# White cypress

White cypress is a common name for several plants and may refer to the following:
* Callitris columellaris, also known as white cypress, a species of coniferous tree native to most of Australia
* Chamaecyparis thyoides, also known as Atlantic white cypress, a species of coniferous tree native to the Atlantic coast of North America
# Union raid

A union raid is when a challenger or outsider union tries to take over the membership base of an existing incumbent union, typically through a union raid election in the United States and Canada.
Union raids have been criticized by the labor movement because they promote rivalry between unions and direct resources away from organizing the non-unionized workforce in the United States and Canada, a majority of the total workforce.

## History

Raids can be informal through campaigning and or soliciting an incumbent union's members or more direct by an outsider union calling for a decertification election in a bid to take over an incumbent union's membership. Between 1975 and 1989 over 1,414 multi-union raid elections were documented by the NLRB in the United States. In Canada, official data on scale and success of union raids is limited to the Federal government and the province of British Columbia. A research study on Ontario, Canada's most populous province, found 1,046 multi-union raids elections between 1975 and 2003, with 181 raids attributed to the Canadian Auto Workers and SEIU Healthcare raids over the years 2001–2002.

### United Electrical Workers

After the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947, a number of union raid elections were enacted by the CIO; against the recently expelled left-wing union affiliates, accounting for almost half of all union raids in the year 1950. The majority of these raids were between the expelled United Electrical Workers and the newly formed anti communist CIO affiliate International Union of Electrical Workers. It is debated whether they should be considered union raids. Many union locals were effectively voting on which faction of the split "United Electric Workers" they wanted to affiliate with.

### No raid agreements

Raiding by the AFL affiliated Teamsters union was such a serious issue that it prompted the trade union centers AFL, and CIO, who had attempted to sign a no-raid agreement for years, to finally negotiate and implement such a pact in December 1953. Initially Teamsters president Beck refused to sign the agreement and threatened to withdraw the Teamsters from the AFL if forced to adhere to it. Three months after the pact was signed, the Teamsters agreed to submit to the terms of the no-raid agreement. Shortly thereafter, the AFL adopted Article 20 of its constitution, which forbade its member unions from raiding one another.
In 1968 the Alliance for Labor Action made up of the United Auto Workers and the Teamsters, offered the AFL–CIO a no-raid pact as a first step toward building a working relationship between the competing trade union centers, but the offer was rejected.
Since 1992, the AFL–CIO constitution has contained a clause inside Article XX forbidding union raids among its affiliates with various remedies for resolving inter-union conflict.