OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Beneventum

The Battle of Beneventum may refer to one of two battles:
* The Battle of Beneventum (275 BC), an inconclusive battle fought between Pyrrhus of Epirus and Manius Curius Dentatus during the Pyrrhic War.
* The Battle of Beneventum (214 BC), a battle fought between Hanno and Tiberius Gracchus during the Second Punic War and a Roman victory.
* The Battle of Beneventum (212 BC)
# Lubiczyn

Lubiczyn may refer to the following villages in Poland:
* Lubiczyn, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Lubiczyn, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Eois muscosa

Eois muscosa is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Colombia.
# Yoshinobu Fujishima

Yoshinobu Fujishima (born 4 November 1939) is a Japanese weightlifter. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Christopher (1809 ship)

Christopher was launched in Lancaster in 1809. She sailed as a West Indiaman until 1816 when she sailed to India under a licence from the British East India Company. On her return she returned to the West Indies trade. Later she started trading between London and Quebec. She was wrecked at sea on 5 December 1836.

## Career

Christopher first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in the volume for 1810.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1810 | P.Jackson | Bradshaw & Co. | Lancaster–Martinique | LR |
| 1811 | P.Jackson LaCoque Smith | Bradshaw & Co. | Lancaster–Martinique | LR |
| 1813 | Smith | G.Dennison & Co. | Cork–St Croix | LR |
| 1814 | H.Smith | G.Dennison | Greenock–St Croix | LR |
| 1816 | H.Smith | G.Dennison | Greenock–Barbados London–India | |
In 1813 the EIC had lost its monopoly on the trade between India and Britain. British ships were then free to sail to India or the Indian Ocean under a licence from the EIC.
On 3 January 1816 Christopher, Smith, master, sailed for India under a licence from the EIC.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
| 1818 | H.Smith Snell | G.Dennison | London–India London–Jamaica | LR |
| 1822 | S.Snell J.Knight | G.Dennison | London–Jamaica London–Quebec | LR |
| 1830 | J.Knight | Captain & Co. | London–Quebec | LR |
| 1831 | J.Knight | Oliver & Co. | London | LR |
| 1832 | J.Knight | Oliver & Co. | London-Quebec | LR |
In December 1835 Christopher arrived off Portland having sustained damage.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source & notes |
| 1836 | G.Kay | Oliver | London–Quebec | LR; large repair 1836 |

## Fate

Christopher sailed from Quebec on 17 November 1836 bound for London with a cargo of timber. She was wrecked on 5 December 1836 in the Atlantic Ocean with the loss of all but one of her seventeen crew. The survivor, the carpenter, was rescued by George Gordon, Moorman, master. Four men were still alive when George Gordon arrived on the scene, but one man died in the rescue attempt and the seas prevented the rescue of the two other survivors.
On 23 December 1836 Christopher was found as a floating wreck in the Atlantic, after being abandoned.
Christopher's entry in the 1836 issue of LR carried the annotation "LOST".

## Citations

* 1 2 LR (1810), Supple. pages, Seq.No.C7.
* 1 2 LR (1836), Seq.No.C502.
* 1 2 Hackman (2001), p. 261.
* ↑ Hackman (2001), p. 247.
* ↑ LR (1816), "Licensed and Country Ships".
* ↑ "Ship News". The Morning Post. No. 20605. London. 23 December 1836.
* ↑ "Dreadful shipwreck - Sixteen lives lost". The Morning Post. No. 20610. London. 29 December 1836.
# Studenec

Studenec may refer to places:

## Czech Republic

* Studenec (Semily District), a municipality and village in the Liberec Region
* Studenec (Třebíč District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
* Studenec, a village and part of Čelechovice na Hané in the Olomouc Region
* Studenec, a hamlet and part of Nicov in the South Bohemian Region
* Studenec, a village and part of Oloví in the Karlovy Vary Region
* Studenec, a village and part of Svojanov in the Pardubice Region
* Studenec, a village and part of Trutnov in the Hradec Králové Region

## Slovakia

* Studenec (Levoča District), a municipality and village in the Prešov Region
* Banský Studenec, a municipality and village in the Banská Bystrica Region

## Slovenia

* Studenec, Postojna, a village in the Inner Carniola region
* Studenec na Blokah, a village in the Inner Carniola region
* Studenec pri Krtini, a settlement in the Upper Carniola region
* Studenec (Ljubljana), a formerly independent settlement in the City Municipality of Ljubljana
* Studenec, Sevnica, a settlement in the municipality of Sevnica
# Jorge Monard

Jorge Monard is an Ecuadorian boxer. He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. At the 1980 Summer Olympics, he lost to Geraldi Issaick of Tanzania.
# Eois naias

Eois naias is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Charles Woods (filmmaker)

Charles Woods was an Australian comedian and filmmaker from the silent era. He would occasionally accompany screenings of films he had directed and give lectures.
He worked extensively on stage as an actor and in 1922 formed his own dramatic company to present plays.

## Select Film Credits

* The Assigned Servant (1911) – film – actor
* Cooee and the Echo (1912) – film – actor
* Call of the Bush (1912) – film – actor
* The Bondage of the Bush (1913) – film – actor, director, writer
* A Coo-ee from Home (1918) – film – director
# Christopher (1811 ship)

Christopher was launched in Quebec in 1811. She transferred her registry to Britain, and then sailed between Quebec and Britain. She made one voyage to India under license from the British East India Company (EIC). She was last listed in 1820.

## Career

A letter dated 16 March 1812 reported that Christoper had been re-registered at London.
Christopher first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1812 with S. Coward, master, Idle & Co., owners, and trade London–Quebec.
LR for 1818 showed Christopher's master changing from T.Rowe to Lockerby, and her trade from Liverpool–Charleston to Liverpool–Calcutta. Her owners were Gilchrist & Co.
A list of vessels sailing to India under license from the EIC, showed Christopher, W. Lockerby, master, and G. Gilchrist, owner, sailing for Bombay on 2 June 1818.
Christopher arrived at Bengal on 21 September 1818. She sailed for London on 11 March 1819. On 3 April while she was still in the Bay of Bengal, she spoke with Prince Blucher, of Liverpool (possibly Blucher). Prince Blucher was carrying Captain Jones and part of the crew of Iris. While Iris was sailing from London to Bombay, on 7 February she wrecked on Solomon or Candu lsland. Then on 11 July, Christopher was in 34°30′N 34°22′W﻿ / ﻿34.500°N 34.367°W﻿ / 34.500; -34.367 (about 1000 miles west of Funchal), when an armed brig approached and without warning fired at Christopher. Christopher fired one shot in reply, at which the brig sailed off to the southward. Christopher arrived at Gravesend on 10 July, having come from Bengal via Saint Helena.
LR for 1820 showed Christopher with Lockerby, master, Gilchrist & Co., owners, and trade London–Calcutta. This was the last listing in LR for Christopher.

## Citations

* 1 2 Marcil (1995), p. 385.
* 1 2 3 Library and Archives Canada Item: 11632: CHRISTOPHER .
* 1 2 Hackman (2001), p. 261.
* 1 2 LR (1812), Supple. pages "C", Seq.№C25+.
* ↑ LR (1818), Seq.№C581.
* ↑ LR (1819), "Licensed India Ships".
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5412.
* ↑ LR (1820), Seq.№C549.
# Vladušići

Vladušići (Serbian Cyrillic: Владушићи) is a village in the municipality of Trebinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Argus 115 hp

The Argus 115 hp aircraft engine from 1913 was a six-cylinder, water cooled inline engine built by the German Argus Motoren company.

## Design and development

The Argus 115 hp engine was a development from the earlier Argus 110 hp engine of 1912. It featured an increased bore of 130 mm (5.12 in) and a stroke of 130 mm (5.12 in). In early 1913 the engine was already available and was said to deliver up to 115 hp (86 kW) at 1,400 rpm. The normal speed of the engine has been reported as 1,350 rpm.
Relative to the Argus 110 hp engine the main improvement besides the increased bore appears to be the introduction of a second magneto. To achieve this, the arrangement of the external engine components had been changed, with the water pump, now on the left side of the engine, directly coupled with one of the magnetos. The second magneto was driven via spur gears from the crankshaft and was located on the right hand side of the engine. The oil pump also had been relocated, now sitting separately on the engine case to the left, driven via spur gears from the camshaft at the propeller end.
When this engine later was tested by the Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt in Berlin-Adlershof from 15 to 17 November 1913 it was and found to produce about 110 hp (82 kW) at 1,330 rpm.
While this engine is referred to as 105/115 hp Argus or 115 hp Argus in some publications, these engines typically were referred to as '100 hp Argus' engines in most contemporary reports, which at times makes it difficult to distinguish them from the 100 hp four-cylinder Argus As I or the Argus 110 hp.
First accounts for the use of this engine can be found in the reports for the 'Prinz-Heinrich-Flug' flying competition of 1913, which took place from May 10–17, 1913. Two aircraft with this engine have been enlisted, a Jeannin-Taube flown by Lt. Coerper, and an L.V.G.-biplane flown by Lt. Carganico, both powered by the Argus six-cylinder engine of 130 mm bore and stroke.

## Applications

* Jeannin Stahltaube (1913)
* L.V.G.-biplane (1913)
* Sikorsky Ilya Muromets No. 107, fitted with two 200 hp (150 kW) Salmson 2M7 and two Argus 115 hp engines.

## Specifications

Data from Huth

### General characteristics

* Type: six-cylinder, water-cooled in-line piston engine
* Bore: 130 mm (5.12 in)
* Stroke: 130 mm (5.12 in)
* Dry weight: 200 kg (441 lb)

### Components

* Cooling system: Water-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 115 hp (86 kW) at 1,400 rpm
# Raíces (band)

Raíces were an Argentine rock band founded in 1977 by Roberto Valencia, who played keyboards and percussion. After Valencia departed to Europe, he was replaced by Andrés Calamaro. The band dissolved with the death of Beto Satragni in 2010. Valencia together with Satragni were the main composers of the band.

## Discography

* Raíces 30 Años, Raíces with Andrés Calamaro 2008
# Billy Davis

Billy Davis may refer to:
* Billy Davis (songwriter) (1932–2004), American songwriter, record producer, and singer
* Billy Davis (guitarist) (born 1938), American guitarist, member of Hank Ballard & The Midnighters
* Billy Davis Jr. (born 1938), American singer, member of the group The 5th Dimension
* Billy Davis (American football coach) (born 1965), American football coach in the NFL
* Billy Davis (wide receiver) (born 1972), former professional American football player
* Billy Davis (Mississippi politician) (born 1938), candidate for Vice President of the United States, 1984, with Lyndon LaRouche
* Billy Davis (Arizona politician) (born 1945), former Arizona State Senator
# Dicoma swazilandica

Dicoma swazilandica is a species of plant from Eswatini and South Africa.

## Description
### Growth form

This herb grows to be up to 63 cm (25 in) tall. It has an erect, straited stem covered with simple white hairs and yellow glands.

### Leaves

The leaves are erect and linear, ranging in size from 2–17 mm (0.079–0.669 in) wide and 40–110 mm (1.6–4.3 in) long. Te margins are finely toothed. The upper surface is greenish and often has yellow glands. It may have hairs or be hairless. The lower surface is densely hairy and has glands.

### Flowers

The flowers are borne in typical daisy-like flowerheads. They are borne on erect stalks that may be surrounded by linear leaves. The surrounding whorls of bracts form an inverted cone shape. They grow in five or six )or sometimes seven) rows. They are straw coloured with a purple stripe on the midrib. The margins are finely serrated, especially towards the tips. The innermost bracts are longer than the outer ones and extend about 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) beyond the pappus.
Each flowerhead contains about 25 florets. They are radially symmetrical and hermaphroditic. The corolla is a dull white in colour and has subepidermal star-shaped calcium oxalate crystals. The epidermal cells have short, glandular twin hairs. The stamens protrude slightly beyond the corolla. The filaments, like the corolla, have star-shaped calcium oxalate crystals. The style also has similar crystals. The stylar branches have sweeping hairs that form a subapical ring. The basal hairs are the longest.

### Fruits and seeds

The rough achenes (dry fruits, each containing a single seed) are covered in ten ribs with hairs growing between them.

### Similar species

This species is most similar to Dicoma anomola. It does, however, differ in several characteristics:
* The leaves of D. swazilandica are linear and flexible while those of D. anomola may be curved or linear.
* The involucre bracts of D. swazilandica form an inverted cone while those of D. anomola form a cell shape.
* The flowerheads of D. swazilandica typically consist of a single capitulum while those of D. anomola consist of multiple capitula.
* The achenes of D. anomola have glands between the ribs while those of D. swazilandica don't.
* The pappus bristles of D. swazilandica broaden conspicuously at the base, while those of D. anomola don't.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is found in Eswatini and in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. It grows on stony hills at an altitude of about 1,685 m (5,528 ft) in grasslands and savannas.

## Conservation

This species is potentially threatened by plantations in Eswatini but occurs in a protected area in South Africa, and as such, is currently not threatened there.
# Lemniscate of Gerono

In algebraic geometry, the lemniscate of Gerono, or lemniscate of Huygens, or figure-eight curve, is a plane algebraic curve of degree four and genus zero and is a lemniscate curve shaped like an $\infty$ symbol, or figure eight. It has equation
    $x^{4}-x^{2}+y^{2}=0.$
It was studied by Camille-Christophe Gerono.

## Parameterization

Because the curve is of genus zero, it can be parametrized by rational functions; one means of doing that is
    $x={\frac {t^{2}-1}{t^{2}+1}},\ y={\frac {2t(t^{2}-1)}{(t^{2}+1)^{2}}}.$
Another representation is
    $x=\cos \varphi ,\ y=\sin \varphi \,\cos \varphi =\sin(2\varphi )/2$
which reveals that this lemniscate is a special case of a Lissajous figure.

## Dual curve

The dual curve (see Plücker formula), pictured below, has therefore a somewhat different character. Its equation is
    $(x^{2}-y^{2})^{3}+8y^{4}+20x^{2}y^{2}-x^{4}-16y^{2}=0.$
# Lamont Young

Lamont H. Young (1851–1880) was an Australian assistant geological surveyor for the New South Wales Mines Department. He mysteriously disappeared while on field-work at Bermagui, New South Wales.

## Disappearance

Young was inspecting the new goldfields at Bermagui in 1880. To investigate possible sites further north, Young and his assistant travelled on a small boat with the boat's owner, Thomas Towers of Batemans Bay, and two of Towers' friends. All five disappeared on 10 October. In the morning the boat was observed, but stationary and with apparently only one man on board. Later in the day the vessel was seen stranded on the rocks with no-one on board. The boat was found to contain five bags full of clothing, Young's books and papers, a bullet in its starboard side and some vomit. The men were not found despite subsequent searches, rewards, government inquiries and wide media coverage. The remnants of a fire, some food and three shirt studs were the only traces. The mystery was never solved. Unusual aspects of the wreck were that the planks of the boat were stove-out rather than stove-in, the boat contained several large rocks and the anchor and stern ropes were missing.
Apart from Thomas Towers and Lamont Young, the other men who disappeared were Young's assistant Max Schneider and the other two boatmen, William Lloyd and Daniel Casey.

## Memorial

Mystery Bay received its name because of the disappearance. The bay is 15 kilometres north of Bermagui, midway between Bermagui and Narooma, near Tilba. There is a park and a road at Mystery Bay named after Lamont Young. A monument was erected at Mystery Bay in 1980 to mark the centenary of the disappearance.
The wrong names are recorded on the monument. The accompanying boatmen were Daniel Casey and William Henry Lloyd. Bartholomew Casey was the son of Daniel Casey and lived to be 82 years old. Daniel's wife Anne Casey was buried at Moruya. Her gravestone correctly records that it was her husband Daniel that disappeared.
Anne Casey (née Franklin) was the sister of Joseph Franklin, the grandfather of (Stella Maria) Miles Franklin who wrote My Brilliant Career.

## The disappearance in literature

The plot of Arthur Upfield's detective novel, The Mystery of Swordfish Reef, is based on Young's disappearance.
The Australian author, Cyril Pearl also wrote of the mystery in his 1978 book, Five Men Vanished: The Bermagui Mystery.
A 1910 article, "Bermagui – In a Strange Sunset", by Henry Lawson published in The Bulletin, describes a steamer journey from Bermagui to Sydney. Lawson mentions the disappearance of Young 30 years before.
# Li Ao (academician)

Li Ao (Chinese: 黎鳌; 4 May 1917 – 21 August 1999) was a Chinese engineer specializing in burn and trauma, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

## Biography

Li was born in Liuyang County (now Liuyang), Hunan, on 4 May 1917, to Li Putang (黎溥棠), a teacher, and Zhou Xia (周霞), a housewife. He was the oldest of five children. Both his younger brothers Li Jieshou and Li Leishi were also academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In 1935, he was accepted to Shanghai Medical College (now belonged to Fudan University), but transferred to Xiangya Medical College (now Xiangya Medical College of Central South University) in 1937 due to the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1939, Shanghai Medical College moved to Kunming, and Li returned to the college to finish his studies.
After graduating in 1941, Li became a surgical assistant at Zhongzheng Medical College in Nanchang.
In 1954, Li was transferred to the Seventh Military Medical University and worked at its First Affiliated Hospital.
He died on 21 August 1999, at the age of 82.

## Honours and awards

* 1985 State Science and Technology Progress Award (First Class) for the study of burns
* 1989 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class) for the study on the nature and pathogenesis of early pulmonary edema after inhalation injury
* 1994 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
# Ian Dunt

Ian Dunt (born 4 February 1982) is a British author, political journalist and broadcaster. He currently writes as a columnist for the i. He previously served for many years as the Editor of politics.co.uk. He was also a host on the Remainiacs podcast. He currently hosts the Origin Story podcast with Dorian Lynskey and is a regular contributor to Late Night Live on ABC Radio National.

## Early life

Dunt was born in Winchester and grew up in Chile and the UK (Winchester and Southampton). Dunt went to The Pilgrims' School, a prep school in Winchester. Dunt holds a Bachelor's degree in Philosophy (2004) from University College London, a Master's in International Relations (2006) from University of Warwick and a Diploma in Journalism and Media Law (2008) from the London School of Journalism.

## Career

Dunt began his career as a journalist for PinkNews. He then switched to political analysis for Yahoo!, before becoming Political Editor of Erotic Review, a position he held until January 2010, when he became editor of politics.co.uk. He regularly appears on TV, commenting on political developments in the United Kingdom.
In May 2017, Dunt was part of the team that launched Remainiacs, a political podcast about Britain's departure from the European Union, as seen from a pro-Remain perspective. In January 2020 the same team launched The Bunker, a podcast similar in format that discusses political issues other than Brexit. In October 2020, Remainiacs was renamed Oh God, What Now?
# Real Things

Real Things may refer to:
* "Real Things" (song), a 2003 song by Javine
* Real Things (2 Unlimited album), 1994
* Real Things (Joe Nichols album), 2007 (or the title song)
# Jeff Mickel

Arthur Jeffery Mickel (born August 4, 1966) is an American former professional football offensive lineman. He was selected in the sixth round out of Eastern Washington by the Minnesota Vikings in 1989. He made his NFL debut for the Los Angeles Rams in 1990. He later played in the World League (WLAF) for the Barcelona Dragons and Frankfurt Galaxy.
# Dicomeae

Dicomeae is a tribe of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, subfamily Carduoideae.

## Genera

Dicomeae genera recognized by the Global Compositae Database as of April 2023:
* Cloiselia S.Moore
* Dicoma Cass.
* Dicomopsis S.Ortiz
* Erythrocephalum Benth.
* Gladiopappus Humbert
* Macledium Cass.
* Pasaccardoa Kuntze
* Pleiotaxis Steetz
# Erik Aschengreen

Erik Aschengreen (31 August 1935 – 9 September 2023) was a Danish historian and dance critic. He was a professor at the University of Copenhagen where he taught the history of ballet. Aschengreen died on 9 September 2023, at the age of 88.

## Publications

* Ballet, Forlaget Kronstork Askeby (2020), ISBN 9788793206878
* Dans over Atlanten. USA - Danmark 1900-2014, Gyldendal, Købehavn (2014), ISBN 9788798987024
* Forført af balletten. Ballettens klassikere set over 60 år, Lindhardt og Ringhof Forlag, København (2011), ISBN 9788726299229
* Harald Lander : His Life and Ballets, Dance Books Ltd (2009), ISBN 978-1852731298
* Som jeg kendte dem, Gyldendal, Købehavn (2007), ISBN 978-87-02-05653-2
* Mester. Historien om Harald Lander. SAGA Egmont, København (2005), ISBN 9788726299212
* Der går dans – Den Kongelige Ballet 1948-1998, Gyldendal, København (1998), ISBN 9788700245082
* Balletbogen, Gyldendal, København (1986), ISBN 9788700122482
* Perspektiv på Bournonville, Nyt Nordisk Forlag, København (1980)
* Farlige sylfider. Studier i den romantiske ballet i Frankrig og Danmark, Lindhardt og Ringhof Forlag, København (1975), ISBN 9788726299168