OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taekwondo at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's 63 kg

The women's lightweight (−63 kilograms) taekwondo event at the 2006 Asian Games took place on 7 December 2006 at Qatar SC Indoor Hall, Doha, Qatar.
A total of ten competitors from ten different countries (NOCs) competed in this event, limited to fighters whose body weight was less than 63 kilograms.
Su Li-wen of Chinese Taipei won the gold medal after beating Chonnapas Premwaew of Thailand in the gold medal match 1–0, The bronze medal was shared by Manita Shahi of Nepal and Veronica Domingo from the Philippines.
The silver medalist Chonnapas Premwaew later changed her name to Dhunyanun Premwaew. She beat the Korean favorite Jin Chae-lin in the quarterfinal round 2–0.

## Schedule

All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Thursday, 7 December 2006 | 14:00 | 1/8 finals |
| Thursday, 7 December 2006 | 14:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Thursday, 7 December 2006 | 14:00 | Semifinals |
| Thursday, 7 December 2006 | 14:00 | Final |

## Results

| 1/8 finals | 1/8 finals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Chonnapas Premwaew (THA) | 2 | | | | |
| Jin Chae-lin (KOR) | 4 | Jin Chae-lin (KOR) | 0 | | | | |
| Yekaterina Dmitriyeva (KAZ) | 1 | | | Chonnapas Premwaew (THA) | 7 | | |
| | | | | Veronica Domingo (PHI) | 0 | | |
| | | Veronica Domingo (PHI) | 5 | | | | |
| | | Carina Hammoud (LIB) | 1 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Chonnapas Premwaew (THA) | 0 |
| | | | | | | Su Li-wen (TPE) | 1 |
| | | Shaden Thweib (JOR) | 0 | | | | |
| | | Su Li-wen (TPE) | 3 | | | | |
| | | | | Su Li-wen (TPE) | 8 | | |
| Varsha Bende (IND) | 0 | | | Manita Shahi (NEP) | 1 | | |
| Manita Shahi (NEP) | 1 | Manita Shahi (NEP) | 3 | | | | |
| | | Sangay Wangmo (BHU) | 2 | | | | |
# Clovenfords

Clovenfords is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, 1 mile (2 kilometres) north of the hamlet of Caddonfoot and 4 miles (6 kilometres) west of the town Galashiels. The village sits on undulating grasslands and surrounding rolling hills. The 2011 census gave it a population count of 562 people.

## History

Clovenfords began c. 1750 on the stagecoach route between Carlisle and Edinburgh. The village boasted a smithy, a post office and a handful of cottages when Galashiels was only a hamlet dependent on Clovenfords for its mail deliveries and news from the outside world.
The first expansion of the village took place when William Thomson established the Vineries where he grew table grapes which were sold throughout the country. They traveled by overnight train to London to be sold in Covent Garden Market and Harrods. Some were taken on board American bound ocean liners. His book, "A Treatise on the Growing of the Grapevine", was taken worldwide to all the major grape growing areas of the world and was available in public libraries in California, France, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand etc.

## School

A new primary school was opened in Clovenfords in 2012, replacing the old building at Caddonfoot which dated back to 1840. The school roll at September 2015 is 93 pupils, and there are 5 FTE teachers. The current Headteacher is Kerry Collins.

## Hotel

Clovenfords Hotel is a focal point of the community. It first opened c. 1750, known as Whytbank Inn. Walter Scott stayed frequently at the hotel after he was appointed a sheriff in 1799, and the poet William Wordsworth and his sister Dorothy stayed there in 1803. In 2016, the hotel underwent extensive refurbishment.

## Village hall

Caddonfoot Hall is located 1 mile (2 kilometres) south of Clovenfords and hosts regular activities for the people of the village, including Scottish country dancing, yoga, badminton and a children's playgroup. The hall was given to the people of Caddonfoot Parish in 1929 by Lady Louisa Mary Anderson of Yair House, and is managed by a committee of user group representatives.
# Distributive efficiency

In welfare economics, distributive efficiency occurs when goods and services are received by those who have the greatest need for them. Abba Lerner first proposed the idea of distributive efficiency in his 1944 book The Economics of Control.

## The law of diminishing marginal utility

The concept of distributive efficiency is based on the law of diminishing marginal utility. According to this economic law, as a person gets more to spend, things will be bought that give less and less utility. For example, if a person is given a gift certificate for a music download (and has no way to resell the certificate), the gift certificate will be used to purchase the song that will be enjoyed the most. If another certificate is given, the second favorite song will be bought. The process continues as long as the person keeps getting certificates for downloads. Each additional song the person buys is slightly less desirable than the one before.

## Diminishing utility and society

Lerner applied the concept of utility and its associated "law of marginal utility" to the distribution of income in society. The law of diminishing marginal utility implies that poorer people will gain more utility from money for additional spending than the wealthy. For instance, if a homeless family is given a gift certificate for a house, they will be able to use it to provide shelter for themselves. If a very rich person is given such a gift, he may spend it on a vacation residence which he will only use a few weeks of the year.
As such, aggregated utility would be maximized by taking wealth from the rich and giving it to the poor, and the state of optimized utility would be perfect economic equality. As Lerner puts it, "If it is desired to maximize the total satisfaction of a society, the rational procedure is to divide income on an equalitarian basis" (Lerner, 32). In other words, if we are given a fixed amount of wealth and a group of people to distribute it to, we can maximize total happiness by dividing the wealth equally between the members of that group.
However, in real situations the total amount of wealth is not fixed, and it has been argued that too much redistribution of income can reduce this total amount by lowering incentives for economic growth and development. Knowing this, Lerner qualified his earlier statement: "The principle of equality would have to compromise with the principle of providing such incentives as would increase the total of income available to be divided” (Lerner, 36). In this view, a balance must be reached between equality and incentives.

## Criticisms of utility's relevance

Different value systems have different perspectives on the use of utility in making moral judgments. Deontological views of morality focus on factors other than utility. Also, many Marxists, Kantians, and certain libertarians (such as Robert Nozick), all believe utility to be irrelevant as a moral standard or at least not as important as others such as natural rights.
# Todd Collins

Todd Collins may refer to:
* Todd Collins (linebacker) (born 1970), American football linebacker
* Todd Collins (quarterback) (born 1971), American football quarterback
* Todd Collins (producer), music producer and member of American band Peace of Mind
# Whittington chimes

Whittington chimes, also called St. Mary's, are a family of clock chime melodies associated with St Mary-le-Bow church in London,$^{:5}$ which is related to the historical figure of Whittington by legend. Whittington is usually the secondary chime selection for most chiming clocks, the first being the Westminster. It is also one of two clock chime melodies with multiple variations, the other being the Ave Maria chimes.
Before the name Whittington became common, the melody used to be referred to as “chimes on eight bells”. However, evidence suggests it was originally a chime on six bells – a melody that has not been in use at St Mary-le-Bow since 1666. In 1905, based on what was known about the six-bell version, Sir Charles Villiers Stanford composed a new melody (still called Whittington chimes) that uses 11 out of the 12 bells in the tower of St Mary-le-Bow;$^{:5}$ this 11-bell version is the one now used at that church.

## Dick Whittington story

The customary English theatre story, adapted from the life of the real Richard Whittington, is that the young boy Dick Whittington was an unhappy apprentice running away from his master, and heard the tune ringing from the bell tower of the church of St Mary-le-Bow in London in 1392. The penniless boy heard the bells seemingly saying to him "Turn again Dick Whittington". Dick returned to London upon hearing the bells, where he went on to find his fortune and became the Lord Mayor of London four times.
According to tradition, Whittington used the tune as a campaign song for his three returns to the office of mayor. A short version of the campaign song goes:
    Turn again Dick Whittington,
    Right Lord Mayor of London Town.

## Chimes of St Mary-le-Bow

The twelve bells in the tower of St Mary-le-Bow, cast in 1956, all have inscriptions on them; the first letters of each inscription spell out:
    D W H I T T I N G T O N

## Chimes on domestic clocks

The Whittington chimes are less well known than the Westminster (Cambridge) chimes, despite being much older. The chimes are found in many early English bracket and longcase clocks. The melody was not given the name "Whittington Chimes" on domestic clocks until the late Victorian period onwards.
Whittington chimes found on domestic clocks are variations on the eight-bell melody, and there are at least four variations of this chime sequence.$^{:5–6}$ Currently the Whittington chime is often available on grandfather clock movements that have selectable chimes and some quartz clocks.

### Bawo & Dotter Chimes

One of the Whittington chime variations is also known as the Bawo & Dotter chimes, and is usually found on many older German movements such as early models of Junghans grandfather clocks. This version of the chimes is remarkably different and unique from the other three variations; only the first-quarter melody remains the same with the other variations.
# Robert Blund

Robert Blund was a Norman nobleman and Sheriff of Norfolk after the Norman Conquest of England.
Blund was named in Domesday Book as the Sheriff of Norfolk, so he held that office sometime before 1086, when Domesday was compiled. Blund was also the lord of Ashfield in Suffolk, and is considered to have been the feudal baron of Ashfield.
Domesday Book states that Blund inherited his lands in Suffolk from his brother, who was named Ralph.
Blund's heir was his son Gilbert, who had inherited the fiefs by sometime in the reign of King Henry I of England. Besides his son, Blund had at least two daughters, who were married to William of Audley and Robert de Albamara. Another possible relative was Gilbert Blund, who held lands from Robert Malet.

## Citations

* ↑ Green English Sheriffs p. 60
* ↑ Sanders English Baronies p. 3
* 1 2 Keats-Rohan Domesday People p. 370
# Kinross services

Kinross services is a motorway service station near Kinross, Scotland. The service station is located next to the M90 motorway and is accessed using motorway junction 6 in both the northbound and southbound directions. It is owned by Moto.
It is the most northerly motorway service station in the United Kingdom.

## History

The services opened in 1982.
In 2011 it was announced that Moto planned to demolish and rebuild the services, with new access via a roundabout.
# Yenko (surname)

Yenko is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandr Yenko (born 1972), Moldovan athlete
* Don Yenko (1927–1987), American car dealer and racecar driver
* Mariano Yenko, Philippine Basketball Association Commissioner 1983–1987
# William H. Holt

William Henry Holt (November 29, 1842 – March 6, 1919) was the first judge of the United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico, as established by the Foraker Act of 1900. Holt was appointed to this position by President William McKinley, and served a single four-year term from 1900 to 1904.

## Biography

Holt was born on November 29, 1842, in Bath County, Kentucky. He was educated in the common schools of Kentucky and later at the Twinsburg Institute in Ohio and the Fort Edward Institute in New York. He graduated, summa cum laude, in 1862, from Albany Law School. He was admitted to the Kentucky bar in 1863 and began practicing law in Mt. Sterling, Kentucky. During this time period he campaigned against slavery and in favor of the Fourteenth Amendment. In 1884, Holt was elected Associate Justice of the Kentucky Court of Errors and Appeals serving as chief justice from 1890 to 1892.

## District Court service

In 1900, President McKinley offered Holt the office of United States district judge for the newly created United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico, although Holt had not solicited for the job. He accepted the appointment on June 5, 1900, and moved to San Juan, Puerto Rico. Holt oversaw the transition, both from a Spanish Legal System to an American Legal System and from a Military Justice System to a Civilian Justice System. He established local rules for the court. He served on the court until the expiration of his term in mid 1904.

## Later life

After the expiration of his term, Holt returned to Kentucky, living in Pewee Valley. He resumed the practice of law, which he continued until his death on March 6, 1919.
# Taekwondo at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's 55 kg

The women's bantamweight (−55 kilograms) event at the 2006 Asian Games took place on 9 December 2006 at Qatar SC Indoor Hall, Doha, Qatar.
A total of twelve competitors from twelve countries competed in this event, limited to fighters whose body weight was less than 55 kilograms.
Kim Bo-hye from South Korea won the gold medal after beating Hoàng Hà Giang of Vietnam in gold medal match 2–0 after three rounds, The bronze medal was shared by Kazakh Saule Sardarova and Cosette Basbous of Lebanon, they both lost in the semifinal round to Kim Bo-hye and Hoàng Hà Giang.
Athletes from Uzbekistan, Qatar, Iran and Tajikistan shared the fifth place after losing in the quarterfinal round.

## Schedule

All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Saturday, 9 December 2006 | 14:00 | 1/8 finals |
| Saturday, 9 December 2006 | 14:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Saturday, 9 December 2006 | 14:00 | Semifinals |
| Saturday, 9 December 2006 | 14:00 | Final |

## Results

| 1/8 finals | 1/8 finals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Venera Abdurazakova (UZB) | 0 | | | | |
| Tseng Yi-hsuan (TPE) | 0 | Kim Bo-hye (KOR) | 1 | | | | |
| Kim Bo-hye (KOR) | 3 | | | Kim Bo-hye (KOR) | 3 | | |
| Saule Sardarova (KAZ) | 7 | | | Saule Sardarova (KAZ) | 1 | | |
| Gayathri Sandamali (SRI) | 0 | Saule Sardarova (KAZ) | 2 | | | | |
| | | Zeinab Heidari (IRI) | 1 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Kim Bo-hye (KOR) | 2 |
| | | | | | | Hoàng Hà Giang (VIE) | 0 |
| | | Cosette Basbous (LIB) | 7 | | | | |
| Fatma Al-Boinin (QAT) | 1 | Fatma Al-Boinin (QAT) | 0 | | | | |
| Layegha Hashemi (AFG) | 0 | | | Cosette Basbous (LIB) | 0 | | |
| Hoàng Hà Giang (VIE) | 7 | | | Hoàng Hà Giang (VIE) | 2 | | |
| Wadhehah Al-Mane (KUW) | 0 | Hoàng Hà Giang (VIE) | 3 | | | | |
| | | Ekaterina Trubitsina (TJK) | 2 | | | | |
# Texas's 41st House of Representatives district

District 41 is a district in the Texas House of Representatives. It has been represented by Democrat Robert Guerra since September 5, 2012.

## Geography

The district is located in Hidalgo County, Texas.

## Members

* John Matthew Moore (January 12, 1897 – January 10, 1899)
* Juan Hinojosa (1983–1991)
* Veronica Gonzales (until 2012)
* Robert Guerra (since 2012)
# Distributive

Distributive may refer to:
* Distributive property, in algebra, logic and mathematics
* Distributive pronoun and distributive adjective (determiner), in linguistics
* Distributive case, in linguistics
* Distributive numeral, in linguistics
# Date and time notation in Africa

Date and time notation in Africa describes how date and time are counted all over the African continent and nations

## East Africa
### Time

For multi-lingual speakers in East Africa, the convention is to use the time system applicable to the language one happens to be speaking at the time. A person speaking of an early morning event in English would report that it happened at eight o'clock. However, in repeating the same facts in Swahili, one would state that the events occurred at saa mbili ('two hours').
The Ganda form, ssawa bbiri, is equivalent to the Swahili in that it means literally 'two hours'.
# Whittington Park

Whittington Park is a public park in Upper Holloway, North London. Like the nearby Whittington Hospital, it is named after Dick Whittington, and a large topiary cat, in reference to Whittington's legendary pet, stands at the Holloway Road entrance. Amenities include a raised Astroturf football pitch, children's playground, and experimental garden planted as part of an RSPB initiative to investigate the preferred habitat of house sparrows. In 2009 and 2010, renovations were carried out at Whittington Park, including the construction of a new community centre.
# Robert Daudelin

Robert Daudelin (born May 31, 1939, in Bromont, Quebec) is a Canadian film administrator and historian, best known as the longtime director of the Cinémathèque québécoise.
He was a founder of the Quebec film magazine Objectif, a programmer for the Montreal International Film Festival, and the first director of the Conseil québécois pour la diffusion du cinéma, and has served on the board of the International Federation of Film Archives. In 1987, he made Konitz: Portrait of the Artist as a Saxophonist, a documentary film about jazz musician Lee Konitz, for the National Film Board.
He received Quebec's Prix Albert-Tessier for contributions to Quebec cinema in 2002, a Special Achievement Genie in 2003, and was named as a Member of the Order of Canada in 2004.
# Erika Thormahlen

Erika Thormahlen is an American writer, producer, actor and child educator. She is best known for her role as Ashley "Ash" Gordon on the NBC comedy-drama Just Deal. She is the co-creator of Waffles + Mochi, a show about food produced by Barack and Michelle Obama's production company, Higher Ground Productions for Netflix.

## Career

Thormahlen was born in Ashland, Oregon. She began modeling at the age of 10. She attended Alameda High School in Alameda, California, and was slated to graduate in 1998 but instead opted for a GED. While studying for her degree in English and creative writing at UCLA, she was cast in the NBC Saturday morning program Just Deal co-starring as Ashley "Ash" Gordon. The show ran for 39 episodes before ending in its run 2002. Within the same year, she guest starred on episode of Angel as well as getting the lead role in the 2005 short film Smile for the Camera.
In 2007, Thormahlen earned a Master's degree in Education in Arts & Humanities at New York University.
Thormahlen also created, wrote and produced a TV pilot for kids focusing on food and nutrition called, What's Cooking with Waffles and Mousemeat. The puppet show also features a human cast including Simon Helberg, Jason Ritter and a guest interview with Maroon 5. The show premiered at the 2006 New York Television Festival.
In 2021, she and Jeremy Konner co-created a version of the original food-focused show with puppets called Waffles + Mochi on Netflix.
Thormahlen currently lives in New York City and works as a freelance writer, producer and creative consultant, as well as contributor to The Cut and New York Family magazine.

## Filmography

Film and television :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2000–2002 | Just Deal | Ashley "Ash" Gordon | TV series, lead, 39 episodes |
| 2002 | Angel | Sunny | TV series, 1 episode |
| 2005 | Smile for the Camera | Kate | Lead role, independent short film |
| 2021 | Waffles + Mochi | Co-creator, executive producer, co-writer | TV series, 10 episodes |
# Tawny Gap

Tawny Gap (54°1′S 37°36′W﻿ / ﻿54.017°S 37.600°W﻿ / -54.017; -37.600) is a low pass extending across South Georgia from the head of Ice Fjord to a cove just south of Wales Head. The name was given by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) following survey by the SGS in the period 1951-57 and is descriptive of the colorful vegetation in this small gap.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Tawny Gap". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
* This South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# William Hinton Campbell

William Hinton Campbell (1819-55) was an English architect who won gold and silver medals from the Royal Academy, London. After working in Bath and London, he emigrated to Australia. He formally retired from architecture in 1854. He started the first steam ferry service between Perth and Fremantle.

## Family life

William Campbell was born in 1819, the son of John Campbell, an Irish-born army major, and Ann Baker, an heiress from the Isle of Wight. He was named after William Hinton, a farmer who left a bequest of £300 a year to his mother. Campbell was the second William Hinton; his older brother died as a baby while his family were in the West Indies.
In 1844 Campbell married Hannah Bird, the daughter of a grocer in Park Street, London.

## Career

On 16 March 1840, Campbell became an associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects, proposed by architects Philip Hardwick, John Shaw Jr. and Ambrose Poynter.
He was recommended to the RA by Hardwick and began his studies in Piccadilly, London on 21 April 1840. At the time he was living at 16 Daniel Street, Bath. The Directory of British Architects 1834-1914 says that in 1840 Campbell was a pupil of Henry Goodridge (1797-1864). He won the RA silver medal for architecture in 1840. His work for this included “Elevation, St Martin-in-the-Fields”.
He won the gold medal in 1841 (one of three presented that year, and the only one for architecture). His work for this included “A Design for a House of Lords and Common [sic]” and “The Front of a Theatre”.
In 1842, the St Martin-in-the-Fields and Parliament drawings were shown at the Academy summer show.
Campbell designed a pulpit, desk and stalls for Broad Hinton church, Wiltshire, in 1843.
He exhibited at the RA twice more, in 1844 and 1849. The first work was Portsea Island Union Workhouse and the second was the new assize courts, Liverpool, “from a design by the late Harvey Lonsdale Elmes”. The courts are part of St George's Hall, Liverpool.
During his career his addresses included Daniel Street, Bath and Park Street, Argyll Street, Oakley Square, and Mornington Crescent, London.
Campbell formally retired from architecture in 1854.

## Emigration

Campbell and his wife emigrated to Australia in the early 1850s but his wife died in Melbourne in 1853. It is not known if they had any children. Campbell then went to Perth where he bought a boat, Les Trois Amis, starting the first steam ferry service between Perth and Fremantle.

## Death

On 3 November 1855 Campbell swam after his dinghy which had broken loose. His trowsers [sic] came down while he was in the water and he drowned. He was 36 years old. He was buried at East Perth Cemeteries on 6 November.
In 1856 there was a grant of letters of administration to the Supreme Court of Western Australia. In 1872–73 there was a court case in connection with the distribution of his late mother's money.

## Family connections

Campbell was the uncle of singer and opera company manager Charles Manners by his sister Jane Campbell (1834–1900). Manners was born two years after William Hinton Campbell's death.
# Lygidea

Lygidea is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae. There are about 10 described species in Lygidea.

## Species

* Listronotus distinctus Henderson LS, 1941
* Lygidea annexa (Uhler, 1872)
* Lygidea essigi Van Duzee, 1925
* Lygidea illota (Stål, 1858)
* Lygidea mendax Reuter, 1909 (apple red bug)
* Lygidea obscura Reuter, 1909
* Lygidea rosacea Reuter, 1909
* Lygidea rubecula (Uhler, 1895)
* Lygidea salicis Knight, 1939
* Lygidea viburni Knight, 1923