OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bulletinen

Bulletinen ("The Bulletin") was an underground newspaper in Norway during World War II. Its first issue came in November 1940, and the publication continued until the end of the war. The name Bulletinen was adapted in November 1944. It was edited by central persons of the civil resistance in Norway, such as members of "Koordinasjonskomiteen" and "Kretsen" Jan Birger Jansen and Tore Gjelsvik.

## Publishing history

The periodical was started as a link between organizations connected to the so-called R-Group, after an initiative from later prime minister Einar Gerhardsen. Responsible for the bi-weekly bulletin was the propaganda group, headed by Christian A. R. Christensen, and the first editors were Olav Larssen and Olaf Solumsmoen. The first issue was published 18 November 1940. When Solumsmoen and Larssen were arrested in January 1942, sports leaders Asbjørn Halvorsen and Gunnar Hansen took over as editors. Halvorsen and Hansen were arrested in August 1942, and Jan Birger Jansen took over as the sole editor, only informing other resistance members that he had contacts to the editorial staff, while in fact he was the single responsible editor himself. In February 1944 the German occupants unraveled several underground newspapers, such as London-Nytt, London Radio, Svart på hvitt, Vårt Land and Fri Fagbevegelse, which all had to cease publication. Among the newspapers which had distributed informations and paroles from the civil leadership of the resistance movement, only Bulletinen was intact after the press collapse. In May 1944 Jansen had to flee to Sweden, and asked Tore Gjelsvik to take over. Jansen and Gjelsvik had cooperated since 1940, then at the distribution side. Gjelsvik was rather busy with other resistance work, and asked Christian A. R. Christensen and Tore Sund to join as editors.
A total of about 150 issues of Bulletinen were produced during the war. The publication had limited circulation, as it was primarily aimed to distribute news, comments and paroles to other underground newspapers.
# Swimming at the 1987 Pan American Games – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay

The men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay competition of the swimming events at the 1987 Pan American Games took place on 13 August at the Indiana University Natatorium. The last Pan American Games champion was the United States.
This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool. Each of the four swimmers completed two lengths of the pool. The first swimmer had to touch the wall before the second could leave the starting block.

## Results

All times are in minutes and seconds.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | GR | Games record | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best |

### Final

The final was held on August 13.
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Jim Born (50.54) Scott McCadam (50.07) Paul Robinson (49.89) Todd Dudley (49.47) | United States | 3:19.97 | GR |
| | - - - - | Canada | 3:26.09 | |
| | Jorge Fernandes Cristiano Michelena Cyro Delgado Júlio César Rebolal | Brazil | 3:27.11 | |
| 4 | - - - - | Puerto Rico | 3:30.89 | |
| 5 | - - - - | Argentina | 3:34.46 | |
| 6 | - - - - | Cuba | 3:35.44 | |
| 7 | - - - - | Panama | 3:38.70 | |
| 8 | - - - - | U.S. Virgin Islands | 3:51.19 | |
# Salvage (short story)

"Salvage" is a short story by American writer Orson Scott Card, originally published in the February 1986 issue of Asimov's Science Fiction magazine. It appears in Card's short story collection The Folk of the Fringe and was also reprinted in the anthologies Wastelands: Stories of the Apocalypse and The End of the World: Stories of the Apocalypse.

## Plot summary

In a post-apocalyptic America, Deaver Teague makes a living salvaging things left behind from before the war. Although he makes more money than a lot of people, he knows that he won't be able to do this job forever. When he hears a couple of truck drivers talking about some gold hidden in a Mormon temple in the now flooded Salt Lake City he decides to go and look for it. Deaver can't do this by himself so he goes to two of his friends, who are not very religious Mormons, and asks them for help. Reluctantly they agree. His friend Lehi gets some diving equipment and his friend Rain agrees to take him out to the temple in her boat. On the way Deaver tells them about how he was orphaned even though he doesn't like to talk about it because he believes that friends don't keep secrets from each other. When they arrive at the temple Deaver dives down into the building and comes up with some pieces of metal which he believes to be the hidden gold. When he gets to the surface, he finds out that they are prayers that people have scratched into flattened tin cans and thrown into the temple windows. When he discovers that his friends knew that people were coming out here and doing this, he feels betrayed because they didn't tell him and he decides to move away.

## Connection to other stories in the series

In Card's story "West", Deaver Teague was found by a group of traveling Mormons after his parents were killed. Since the boy had no parents, the group decided to take him along with them to Utah. At the time, he was unable to talk and they did not know his name so he was named after two of the men in the group; Jamie Teague and Brother Deaver. The story "Pageant Wagon" also features Deaver Teague. It takes place when he is in his late twenties and is the story of how he meets up with and joins a group of traveling actors.

## Influences

As with many of Card's other literature, a Christian/Mormon influence is present in this story.

## Characters

* Deaver Teague
* mechanic - unnamed
* Lehi McKay - Deaver's friend
* Lorraine "Rain" Wilson - Deaver's friend
* staring woman - unnamed
* families that live with Rain - unnamed
# Semiotic engineering

Semiotic Engineering was originally proposed by Clarisse de Souza as a semiotic approach to designing user interface languages. Over the years, with research done at the Department of Informatics of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, it evolved into a semiotic theory of human-computer interaction (HCI).
Semiotic Engineering views HCI as computer-mediated communication between designers and users at interaction time. The system speaks for its designers in various types of conversations specified at design time. These conversations communicate the designers' understanding of who the users are, what they know the users want or need to do, in which preferred ways, and why. The designers' message to users includes even the interactive language in which users will have to communicate back with the system in order to achieve their specific goals. So, the process is in fact one of communication about communication, or metacommunication.
Semiotic engineering has two methods to evaluate the quality of metacommunication in HCI: the semiotic inspection method (SIM) and the communicability evaluation method (CEM). In the 2009 book Semiotic Engineering Methods for Scientific Research in HCI, Clarisse de Souza and Carla Leitão discuss how SIM and CEM, which are both qualitative methods, can also be used in scientific contexts to generate new knowledge about HCI. To illustrate their points, the authors present an extensive case study with a free open-source digital audio editor called Audacity. They show how the results obtained with a triangulation of SIM and CEM point at new research avenues not only for semiotic engineering and HCI but also for other areas of computer science such as software engineering and programming.
René Jorna and Clarisse de Souza independently developed two different kinds of ‘semiotic engineering.’ Jorna's was originally closer to Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science. His ideas were later developed and applied to decision support systems and organizational semiotics rather than HCI. The authors were introduced to each other (and to each other's version of 'semiotic engineering') only in 1996, in a Dagstuhl Seminar on Informatics and Semiotics organized by Peter B. Andersen, Mihai Nadin and Frieder Nake.
# USS Hall

USS Hall may refer to more than one United States Navy ship:
* USS Hall (DD-583), a destroyer in commission from 1943 to 1946
* USS Charlton Hall (ID-1359), a cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919
* USS Craster Hall (ID-1486), a cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919
* USS Earle B. Hall (DE-597), a destroyer escort converted during construction into the high-speed transport USS Earle B. Hall (APD-107)
* USS Earle B. Hall (APD-107), a high-speed transport in commission from 1945 to 1946, 1950 to 1957, and 1961 to ca. 1965
* USS Howick Hall (ID-1303), a cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919
# Margarita Cruz Sipuachi

Margarita Cruz Sipuach is a Mexican potter from Guachochi, Chihuahua. She learned pottery from her mother, Filomena Sipuachi. Today, she creates various kinds of utilitarian and ceremonial wares, but her specialty is in a type of pot called “tesgüineras.” In 2001, she was named a “grand master” by the Fomento Cultural Banamex .
# Yūki Mitsufuji

Yūki Mitsufuji (結城 満藤) was a Japanese samurai lord of the Muromachi period. He served as Governor of Yamashiro Province (1394-1403) and Governor of Echigo Province under the Ashikaga shogunate.

## Life

Yūki Mitsufuji was born in Tango Province. His family descended from the Furuyama clan. He was also known as Yūki Jyūrō and Kageyu Saemon no Jō. Mitsufuji became a retainer of shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu and began his service under the Ashikaga shogunate.
In 1394, he was appointed as Governor of Yamashiro Province. As a governor, he acted self‐indulgently and violently while abusing Yoshimitsu's favor, and was repulsed by other daimyo. He is seen as the Governor of Yamashiro Province until 1403.
In July 1396, Mitsufuji, a close retainer of Niki Yoshikazu, plotted a conspiracy against Governor of Ise Province Niki Mitsunaga. Mitsufuji helped Yoshikazu, who was the illegitimate elder brother of Mitsunaga, take over the position of Governor of Ise Province. This forced Mitsunaga to leave the political scene, who was later reported to have gone missing in Ise Province. Enraged by this, the Shugo Daimyo approached Yoshikazu and had Mitsufuji exiled. His life after this remains unknown.
# Ernest L. Blumenschein House

The Ernest L. Blumenschein House is a historic house museum and art gallery at 222 Ledoux Street in Taos, New Mexico. It was a home of painter Ernest L. Blumenschein (1874-1960), a co-founder of the Taos Society of Artists and one of the Taos Six. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965.

## Description and history

The Blumenschein House is located on the south side of Ledoux Street, 1-1/2 blocks south of central plaza in Taos. It is a single-story adobe structure, with eleven rooms, built in the Spanish Pueblo style with a central courtyard. A low wall with central opening separate the courtyard from the street. The house's construction date is uncertain, but its oldest sections probably predate the 1820s. The interior is furnished to appear as it might have been when the Blumenschein family lived there. It features family possessions, a collection of the family's art, works by other famous Taos artists, and fine European and Spanish Colonial style antiques. The museum is owned and operated by Taos Historic Museums.
Ernest Blumenschein, a native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was schooled in art in Cincinnati, New York City, and Paris. While in Paris he met Joseph Henry Sharp, who described a visit he made to Taos in 1883. Blumenschein and Bert Phillips traveled to Taos in 1898, where they established the Taos Art Colony. He used this house as a home and studio from 1919 until 1960. The house itself had previously been used as a home and studio by Herbert Dunton, and was already well known as a gathering point for artists. The colony formed by these people was broadly influential in exposing the art world to Taos and the desert southwest. The house remained in the Blumenschein family until 1962, when his heirs donated it to the organization that is now Taos Historic Museums. After a period as a multiunit residence, it was converted into a museum and gallery space.

## Gallery

* Dining room in Blumenschein Home. This section of the house was built in 1797.
* Library in Blumenschein Home, 2010
* Library, Blumenschein painting above daybed is Railroad Yard, Meeting Called (reworked 1951)
* Bedroom in Blumenschein Home, 1989
# Simnia avena

Simnia avena is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.
# EMS (pharmaceuticals)

EMS is the biggest domestic pharmaceutical company in Brazil. Founded in the mid-1950s, the company has six industrial plants based in São Bernardo do Campo, Hortolândia and Jaguariúna, in the state of São Paulo, Manaus, Brasília and Belgrade in Serbia.
EMS operates through five divisions:
* EMS Similars - markets similares; a class of pharmaceuticals peculiar to the Brazilian market. Not generics but not original brands either;
* EMS Generics - markets generics;
* EMS Sigma Pharma - markets branded medicines;
* EMS Hospital - markets drugs to hospitals;
* EMS Consumer - markets OTC drugs.
Today the company has a presence in over 30 countries through joint-ventures and strategic partnerships with other pharmaceutical companies.
EMS's Brazilian main competitors are Hypermarcas, Eurofarma, Aché and Cristália.
# Burgruine Groppenstein

Burgruine Groppenstein is a castle in Carinthia, Austria.
# Davy and the Goblin

Davy and the Goblin, or, What Followed Reading "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" is a novel by Charles E. Carryl that was serialized in St. Nicholas magazine from December 1884 to March 1885 before being published by Houghton Mifflin of Boston and Frederick Warne of London in 1885. It was one of the first "imitations" inspired by Lewis Carroll's two books, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871).
The story is about eight-year-old Davy who reads Lewis Carroll's novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland next to the fireplace, when he begins to get sleepy. A Goblin appears in the fire, munching coals, and takes Davy on a “believing voyage” where he meets a variety of characters from fantasy and literature.
The book features line drawings by Edmund Birckhead Bensell.
In 1891, Carryl wrote another book inspired by Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, called The Admiral's Caravan.
# USCGC Walnut

Two cutters of the United States Coast Guard have been named Walnut
* USCGC Walnut (WLM-252), a 175 ft (53 m) tender commissioned 27 June 1939 originally WAGL-252.
* USCGC Walnut (WLB-205), a 225 ft (69 m) Juniper-class seagoing buoy tender commissioned in 1999.
# Sphaerolobium medium

Sphaerolobium medium is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, leafless shrub that typically grows to a height of 10–60 cm (3.9–23.6 in) and has yellow or orange and red flowers from August to December. It was first formally described in 1811 by Robert Brown in Aiton's Hortus Kewensis. The specific epithet (medium) means "intermediate between other species".
This pea is widespread in the south-west of Western Australia and is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# Tamukkam Palace

9°55′52″N 78°07′57″E﻿ / ﻿9.9310069°N 78.1325184°E﻿ / 9.9310069; 78.1325184
Tamukkam Palace is a palace located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. Literally the Tamil word Tamukkam (Tamil:தமுக்கம்) means summer house. It was built in c. 1670, and was the summer palace of Rani Mangammal, the queen regent of the Madurai Nayak kingdom. Taken over by the British, Tamukkam became the official residence of the District Collectors. It now houses the Mahatma Gandhi Museum.
# Styphelia perileuca

Styphelia perileuca, commonly known as montane green five-corners, is a plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is an erect, spreading shrub with broad leaves with a spiky tip, and yellowish-green and red tube-shaped flowers with the petals rolled back. It is only known from the eastern edge of the New England Tableland.

## Description

Styphelia perileuca is a spreading shrub which grows up to 3 m (10 ft) tall and wide. Its leaves are mostly broadly elliptic in shape, 6–12 mm (0.2–0.5 in) long, 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, slightly dished with very fine teeth along the edge and a sharp point on the tip. The flowers are tube-shaped, yellowish green in colour with fine red stripes and hang singly from upper leaf axils. There are five glabrous sepals 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in) long. The five petals are joined, forming a tube 12–14 mm (0.5–0.6 in) long with the tips of the petals rolled back and hairy on the inside surface. The stamens are straight and extend beyond the end of the petal tube. Flowering occurs mostly between September and January but flowers are also present in April.

## Taxonomy and naming

Styphelia perileuca was first formally described in 1992 by Jocelyn Powell and published in Telopea. The specific epithet (perileuca) is derived from the Ancient Greek words peri meaning "around"$^{:102}$ and leukos meaning "white"$^{:856}$ referring to the thin white perimeter of the leaves.

## Distribution and habitat

Montane green five-corners is only known from Cathedral Rock National Park, the New England National Park and near Maclean. It grows in shrubland near swamps and in forest.

## Conservation

Styphelia perileuca is classified as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. The main threats to the species are its small population size and narrow distribution.
# Sinnada

Sinnada was an ancient city in Mauretania Caesariensis.
Its location is presumed near Kenada, in modern Algeria.

## Ecclesiastical history

Sinnada was a suffragan bishopric of the metropolitan see of Caesarea Mauretaniae, but later faded.

### Titular see

The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as a Latin Catholic titular bishopric.
It has had three incumbents of the lowest (episcopal) rank and one of the intermediary (archiepiscopal) rank.
# Speal

Speal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* George Nicholas Speal (1932–2008), Canadian lawyer and politician
* Shane Speal (born 1970), American musician
# Kayode Soremekun

Kayode Soremekun is a Nigerian academic, author, and the third vice chancellor of Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State. He assumed duty after the sacking of professor Isaac Asuzu by President Mohammadu Buhari who took over from Professor Chinedu Nebo, the pioneer Vice Chancellor

## Early life

Soremekun attended Nigeria's premier secondary grammar school, King's College Lagos, from 1967 to 1971. He attended the University of Ife now Obafemi Awolowo University where he obtained a B.A. English/History and a M.Sc. and Ph.D. in International relations. The Ph.D. was on Nigeria's petroleum policy and international relations. Soremekun undertook postdoctoral studies at the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, Netherlands and the University of Maryland College Park, US where he studied international law and the US foreign policy process, respectively.

## Career

Soremekun worked in several universities in Nigeria, including Obafemi Awolowo University, University of Lagos, Covenant University and the National Open University of Nigeria.
During tenure as Vice Chancellor in Federal University Oye, he added eleven Faculties. It offers virtually all the courses on offer in Nigeria's First Generation Universities. He was commended by the University Council, and very much the same commendation was in his exit letter from the university.
He retired from Obafemi Awolowo University as Dean. In his memoirs he referred to the fact that a refurbishment of the Faculty of Administration took place courtesy of the funds that he was able to source from Nigerian Breweries Limited. Faculties including Law, Social Sciences, and Education followed suit.

## Works

Soremekun has edited several books, including Governance and Democratization in Nigeria (1995), and Nigeria's Second Republic (1988).
He also worked as a staff writer in political affairs, for Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria, and for Times International and Daily Times of Nigeria. He served on the editorial board of Daily Times Lagos. He was an editorial training instructor for Times Newspaper Training Centre, Daily Times Lagos. He was a visiting editorial board member of The AM News, a pro-democracy, quasi-guerilla newspaper during military rule in Nigeria. He worked as a visiting editorial board member of The Guardian and The Compass newspapers. Prior to his assumption of office as Vice-Chancellor he served as chairman of the editorial board of Business Day, a daily business newspaper in Nigeria.
Soremekun has published journal articles on inter-related areas of conflict, petroleum politics, and energy resources.
He has around 50 peer-reviewed publications. Soremekun served as External Examiner to the University of Ghana, Legon. He has also served as a Visiting Lecturer in the Peace Studies Program in the Universitat Jaime 1 in Castellon, Spain.

## Recognition

* Scholarship student in Kings College, Lagos. (1967 -1971)
* National Scholar Award, (1973 - 1976)
* Ford Foundation Scholar (1991)
* Senior Fulbright Research Scholar (2003)
* Resident Rockefeller Scholar in Bellagio Italy (2003)
# Lauren Markham

Lauren Markham is an American journalist, and writer.

## Life

She graduated from Vermont College of Fine Arts.
She was an editor at Virginia Quarterly Review, Her work appeared in Mother Jones,
She teaches at Ashland University, St. Mary’s College of California, and the University of San Francisco.

## Works

* The Far Away Brothers: Two Young Migrants and the Making of an American Life, Crown, 2017.
* A Map of Future Ruins: On Borders and Belonging, Riverhead Books, 2024.
# Cross Winds

Cross Winds is the fortieth studio album by American country music singer Conway Twitty. The album was released in 1979, by MCA Records.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1979) | Peak position |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 11 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1979) | Position |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 44 |
# Tomás Casillas

Tomás Casillas, O.P. (died 1567) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Chiapas (1552–1567).

## Biography

Tomás Casillas was born in León, Spain and ordained a priest in the Order of Friars Preachers. On 19 Jan 1551, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Julius III as Bishop of Chiapas. In 1552, he was consecrated bishop by Francisco Marroquín Hurtado, Bishop of Santiago de Guatemala In 1555, he attended the First Mexican Provincial Council.
Casillas died on 29 Oct 1567.