OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Billy Law

William Law (born 1882) was a professional footballer, born in Walsall. He played as an outside left for various English clubs, including in the Football League for Doncaster Rovers, West Bromwich Albion and Glossop, and the Southern League for Watford and Queens Park Rangers. Law played eleven first-team games for West Brom; the team did not lose any of them.
# Rye Studio School

Rye Studio School was a mixed studio school located in Rye, East Sussex, England. It opened in 2013 and catered for students aged 14–19 years. It was located on the Rye College campus, sponsored by the Rye Academy Trust, and is classified as a free school. It closed in 2018. It was situated on the site of the former Music Department block that was part of Rye College.

## Curriculum

As a studio school the curriculum was different from many local secondary schools. The core GCSE subjects of maths, computer science and English language and literature were followed, with the curriculum extended to include performing arts, photography, music, art and creative media to GCSE standard. The school offered mainstream qualifications, using enquiry-based projects, and linked to employment, with local employers involved in all aspects of the curriculum.

## Ofsted

In June 2015, the school had its first Ofsted inspection, when the school was judged to be "Outstanding". The inspectors noted that the school had an impressive strategic vision which, only two years after opening, was being fully realised. It was inspected again in October 2016 and judged as Requiring Improvement. The inspectors stated that "The founding leaders of the studio school remain rightly proud of the vision. Regrettably, this impressive ambition was not tempered by a realistic understanding of all the managerial skills necessary to lead successful provision".

## Changes

In March 2017, Rye Studio announced it would be taking no new intakes from the age of 14, and would try and re-brand in 2018/19. There were protests from students and the local community. From December 2017, the plan was for the school to merge with Rye College in September 2018.
# Siege of Kaiserswerth

The siege of Kaiserswerth (18 April – 15 June 1702), was a siege of the War of the Spanish Succession. Prussian and Dutch troops numbering 38,000 men and 215 artillery pieces and mortars under the command of Imperial Field Marshal Walrad, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, besieged and captured the small French fortress on the Lower Rhine, which the French had occupied without resistance the previous year. The Dutch regarded the capture of this fortification as more important than an advance into the French-held Spanish Netherlands.

## Siege

Without the presence of the Dutch siege expert Menno van Coehoorn, the siege was time-consuming, poorly conducted and casualty-intensive. The Germans did not have enough gunpowder and shot available. They had little in the way of siege artillery and engineers and the Dutch supplied them to the Prussians. The advance of the Dutch siege lines was too fast for the Prussians and the heavy resistance of the garrison, the need to coordinate the advances, bad weather and the arrival of French troops under Camille d'Hostun, duc de Tallard on west bank of the Rhine forced the Dutch to repeatedly postpone the storming of the fortress throughout May. The trenches were opened on 18 April and the Dutch intended to take the counterscarp after one week, but the storm was launched only on 9 June.
The French commander of the fort Jean-Jules-Armand Colbert, Marquis de Blainville, informed Marshal Louis-François de Boufflers on 10 June that the Allied assault forces were cut down on the glacis like grass before the mower's scythe. The French engineer in charge of the fort's defenses was Vauban's assistant Louis Filley. The garrison capitulated on 15 June.

## Aftermath

It cost the Allies 2,800 killed and wounded on 9 June alone, of which 2,101 were Dutch, and 2 months to capture a place that Vauban had called a "hole". Bodart estimates Allied losses at 9,000. After its capitulation, the French garrison was allowed to march out to freedom with full military honours.

## Citations

* 1 2 Bodart 1908, p. 125.
* ↑ Ostwald 2006, p. 141.
* 1 2 Ostwald 2006, p. 243.
* ↑ Ostwald 2006, p. 187.
# Sue Pembrey

Susan Elizabeth Manthorp Pembrey OBE FRCN (1942 – 14 March 2013), known as Sue Pembrey, was a British nurse best known for her contributions to the development of nursing practice and to patient-centred hospital care.

## Early life and education

Pembrey was born in Sussex to a medical family. Her mother conducted health visits and provided nursing and midwifery services and her father was a doctor.
From 1961 to 1964, she trained at the Nightingale School of Nursing at St Thomas' Hospital, and followed this with a diploma in social administration from the London School of Economics. Pembrey undertook her PhD at the University of Edinburgh. Later published by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) as a monograph (The Ward Sister-Key to Nursing: a study of the Organisation of Individualised Nursing (Pembrey, 1980), the study included a comparison of task versus patient allocation and demonstrated the vital role that the ward sister has in ensuring high quality patient care.

## Career

Pembrey began her career in the research unit of the General Nursing Council. In the early 1979s, she became a ward sister at St Thomas'. She was a member of the Briggs committee.
In the late 1970s, Pembrey began work on district clinical practice development with the Oxfordshire health authority. In 1989, Pembrey founded the Institute of Nursing in Oxford in collaboration with the RCN, based at the Radcliffe Infirmary.

## Awards and honours

Pembrey was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Nursing in 1979. In 1985, she joined the Commission of Nursing Education.
She was awarded the OBE for services to nursing in 1990.

## Legacy

The Sue Pembrey Chair at Queen Margaret University Edinburgh was named in her honour and was held by Professor Jan Dewing until her death in 2022.
The Sue Pembrey Award was created to support clinical leaders and person-centred cultures in nursing. It was awarded from 2016.
During the 70th anniversary celebrations of the NHS, Pembrey was noted as one of the 70 nurses who most influenced the NHS from 1948 to 2018.
Pembrey's archive is held by the Royal College of Nursing Archives. They also hold an oral history interview with Pembrey.
# Leptogium kalbii

Leptogium kalbii is a species of lichen in the family Collemataceae. It is found in Brazil, both in São Paulo State and in some Islands of Brazil.

## Taxonomy

Leptogium kalbii was formally described as a new species in 2007 by Brazilian lichenologists Marcelo Marcelli and Iane P.R. Cunha. The type specimen was collected on a tree trunk in a shady restinga forest beside the Guaraú River in São Paulo. The specific epithet honours German lichenologist Klaus Kalb, who, according to the authors, "has worked on Brazilian lichens for over 30 years, producing important contributions in tropical lichenology, and who sowed the seeds of modern lichenology in São Paulo State".

## Description

The lichen has a wrinkled thallus, greenish to brownish gray in colour, measuring 3–9.5 cm (1.2–3.7 in) wide, comprising flat, overlapping lobes that are 2–5.5 mm wide. It has roughly spherical laminal structures the authors call "granules" that measure 0.1–0.25 mm in diameter, and originate from the edges of the wrinkles. These granules, which are the same colour as the thallus, may be absent in some thalli, or densely crowded in others. Apothecia are mostly located on the margins on the thallus; they are up to 1.2 mm in diameter.
The ascospores are ellipsoid with sharp tips, measuring 26.5–32.5 μm; they have 3 to 5 transverse septa and 1 or 2 longitudinal septa. The cyanobacterial partner of Leptogium kalbii is Nostoc; their cells measure 5.0–6.5 by 5.0–6.5 μm.
# Charles Skerrett

Sir Charles Perrin Skerrett KCMG KC (2 September 1863 – 13 February 1929) was the fifth Chief Justice of New Zealand, from 1926 to 1929.
He was born in India. His father Peter Perrin Skerrett was born in Ireland and descended from the Skerretts of Finavera in County Clare; originally the Skerretts were one of the fourteen Tribes of Galway. He was a sergeant in the Army in India; as he lacked a private income needed by officers.
The family moved to New Zealand when Charles was 12. He was educated at Wellington College. He joined the Post Office, then the Treasury, then to the Department of Justice as a clerk in the Wellington Magistrates' Court.
He was articled to Buller, Lewis & Gully and admitted to the bar in 1884. He went into private practice, and was associated with the Wellington law firms of Skerrett and Wyllie and Chapman Tripp. In 1907 when the first King's Counsel was appointed in New Zealand Skerrett was one of the first to take silk. From 1918 to 1926 he was President of the New Zealand Law Society.
In 1922, in his role as president of the New Zealand Football Association, Skerrett was given the Chatham Cup by Captain Prickett of HMS Chatham as a thank you to New Zealand for its hospitality to the ship and crew.
On 1 February 1926 he was appointed Chief Justice, and was created a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 1927 New Year Honours.
He left for London in 1929, and died at sea on the Port Denison. He was unmarried.
# Christopher Tickell

Lieutenant General Sir Christopher Linley Tickell, KBE (born 17 March 1964) is a senior British Army officer who served as the Deputy Chief of the General Staff from August 2019 to August 2022.

## Early life and education

Tickell was born on 17 March 1964 in Epsom, Surrey, England. He was educated at Wellington College, Berkshire, a private school, and at Cranfield University.

## Military career

Tickell was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in December 1983. After deployments as a squadron commander in Bosnia and Kosovo, he became commanding officer of 23 Engineer Regiment (Air Assault) in 2003 and in that role took part in the invasion of Iraq. He went on to be a staff officer in the Directorate of Training in May 2005 and commander of 8 Force Engineer Brigade in November 2007 and in that role was deployed to Afghanistan.
He became Director of the Army Division at the Joint Services Command and Staff College in December 2009, General Officer Commanding of the Army Recruiting and Training Division in August 2013, and Director Capability in November 2016. Tickell was promoted to lieutenant general on 12 August 2019 and assumed the duties of Deputy Chief of the General Staff that same date. He stepped down from this position in August 2022, and retired from the Army on 27 December 2022. He was appointed Chief Royal Engineer on 1 January 2024.
He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2001 New Year Honours, an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) on 31 October 2003, a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2011 New Year Honours and a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 2021 Birthday Honours.
# Bushyasta

Bushyasta (Avesta, būšyāsta, būšiiąstā) is the Zoroastrian demon (daeva) of sloth. Her stock epithet is "the long-handed".
In scripture as well as in later tradition, Bushyasta (Middle Persian: Bushasp) is the hypostasis of laziness and idleness. She is the cause of procrastination as she strives to keep the righteous (ashavan) from performing productive tasks. She lulls the world back to sleep and "makes the faithful forget in slumber the hour of prayer."
Although there are "as many demons as the sins that man commits" and Bushyasta is among the few daevas who are specifically mentioned in the texts, she is not among the fiends who are described in any great detail.

## In scripture

Besides Bushyasta's stock epithet as "the long-handed," (e.g. Vendidad 11.9, 11.12, 18.16; Yasht 10.97), she is also described to be "gaunt" (Vendidad 11.9 and 11.12), and in Yasht 18.2, she is said to be zairi, "yellow, golden, green."
In verse 1 and 2 of Yasht 18, which is nominally dedicated to Arshtat "Justice", khwarenah is said to vanquish Angra Mainyu, Aeshma of "Wrath", the Freezing Cold, Apaosha of "Drought", and Bushyasta.
Towards dawn, before the demons are forced back into the darkness, Bushyasta rushes from the north murmuring "Sleep on, O men! Sleep on, O sinners! Sleep on and live in sin" (Hadhokht Nask 41–42). Bushyasta is named among the demons who flee at the sight of Mithra's mace. (Yasht 10.97, 10.134)

## In tradition

In the Bundahishn, a Zoroastrian account of creation completed in the 12th century, Bushasp is one of the hamkars (co-operators) of the six Archdemon. (here GBd XXVII.32) This hierarchy mirrors that of the six Amesha Spentas and their helpers, the yazatas. In a fragment of the "lesser" Bundahishn, Bushasp brings an "unnatural lethargy" upon a hero, who then at that moment fails to defend the world against the fiendish deeds of Aži Dahaka. But the hero is protected by the "divine glory of the heavens", so he eventually wakes rested and kills Dahaka. (IBd 29.7)
In the numerology of the Shayest na Shayest, Bushasp "will twice come to the material world" (13.43), perhaps reflecting the hour of waking and the onset of sleep, or perhaps - as in Dadestan-i Denig 23.3 - being an allusion to birth and death.
In the Dadestan-i Denig 37.44, Bushasp is one of the few explicitly named entities amongst the "hordes" of demons created by Ahriman (Angra Mainyu). In strophe 51 of the same chapter, Ahriman charges the demon with "the weakening of the breath."
# Idosawa Fault

36°34′12″N 140°25′48″E﻿ / ﻿36.570°N 140.430°E﻿ / 36.570; 140.430
The Idosawa Fault (井戸沢断層, Idozawa Dansō), also referred to as the Shionihara Fault, is an active earthquake fault system located in Fukushima Prefecture of Japan, to the west of Iwaki city. It mainly consists of a trace of three separate striations.

## Structure

The fault was first mapped by the Active Fault Research Group in 1991 as a complex of north-northwest-striking inactive traces of fault in the Hamadōri region. It has since been compartmentalized into separate striations near Tabito-cho west of Iwaki city. The northernmost and largest of the faultlines, the North Fault, was identified in 2009 and extends roughly 24 km (15 mi) from the southeast to the northwest (N45˚W). To its southwest, two parallel faultlines, the East and Shionihara faults, extend from the south-southeast to the north-northwest (N10˚W). The faultlines are separated by 1 km (0.6 mi) and span roughly 23 km and 22 km (14 mi), respectively. The westernmost of the two, the Shionihara Fault lies near Tabito-cho and borders the small village of Shionohira, after which it was named.
The main structural trend is north-northwest–south-southeast, with sinking observed only to the south on the east side of the fault. Metamorphic rock and Cretaceous strata, as well as granite and epidiorite are distributed in the region; the fault is described as a limit to the distribution of tuff from the Neogene Period.

### Yunodake Fault

To the northeast of the Idosawa Fault complex lies a separate normal fault trace, which was named the Yunodake Fault (also Yunotake) in 2011. Distanced approx. 50 km (30 mi) from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the fault had been dormant for 120,000–130,000 before it ruptured during the magnitude 7.1 M$_w$ Fukushima Hamadori earthquake on 11 April 2011. Several geological surveys have since been conducted in its vicinity. Evidence of sedimentary rock layers deposited after the Late Pleistocene beneath the fault suggests that the Yunotake Fault had been in the active in the past.

## Notable earthquakes

* March 19, 2011: A magnitude 6.1 earthquake struck near Ibaraki Prefecture, with its hypocenter located near the Idosawa Fault. The earthquake occurred as a result of normal-faulting.
* March 23, 2011: A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck near northern Ibaraki. The quake occurred near the fault, with a focal mechanism of a normal-fault type.
* April 11, 2011: A magnitude 6.6 earthquake with a depth of 10 km (6 mi) struck near Ishikawa, Fukushima. The quake occurred along the Shionihira Fault and caused a surface rupture of approx. 7 km (4 mi). In addition, a vertical displacement of 0.8–1.8 m was observed.
* April 12, 2011: A magnitude 6.0 aftershock with a depth of 12 km (8 mi) struck near the same region along the Idosawa "North" Fault.
# Labourhome

Labourhome was a popular political blog specializing in British politics started by Alex Hilton and Jag Singh. Launched in 2006 the site targeted supporters of the British Labour Party. The blog became inactive in 2012.
In 2009 the site became embroiled in a libel legal case about who is liable for libelous contributions. This finally came to an end in the Court of Appeal in March 2011 with the libel case being struck out as not worth pursuing when considering the minimal actual damage against the costs of the litigation.

## History

Labourhome was launched in 2006 with the tagline "Back to the roots", targeting supporters of the British Labour Party.
The site was re-launched on 10 May 2007, the day British Prime Minister Tony Blair resigned as Leader of the Labour Party. Labourhome was not a standard forum-based website, but rather a collaborative blog, which allowed registered members to contribute articles to the site.
The site garnered attention early in its history, when Labour Party Chair and Minister without Portfolio Hazel Blears posted an entry on the site. In 2008 former Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott started writing on the site.
In July 2008 New Statesman publisher Mike Danson bought out one of the co-founders.
In September 2008 a Labourhome user survey was used as the basis of a The Independent front page article claiming that Labour activists wanted Prime Minister Gordon Brown to stand down, leading to some criticism of Labourhome from within the Labour Party.
In May 2009 the website switched from using bespoke blogging software to WordPress, with a significant change in appearance. The site was further revamped in March 2010 in preparation for the general election, and updated to use the Hashcash anti-spam plugin.
The site became inactive for a while after the 2010 general election, resuming activity in August 2011. Labourhome again became inactive in April 2012.
# Joseph Abadie

Joseph Louis Irenée Jean Abadie (15 December 1873, Tarbes – 1934) was a French neurologist who is remembered for naming Abadie's symptom.

## Brief biography

Joseph Louis Irenée Jean Abadie was born in 1873 in Tarbes, département Hautes-Pyrénées, France. He studied medicine at the University of Bordeaux, qualifying in 1900. In 1918 he became professor of neurology and psychiatry at Bordeaux. His work included the study of tabes dorsalis and alcoholism. He died in 1934.
# Rwanda at the 2019 African Games

Rwanda competed at the 2019 African Games held from 19 to 31 August 2019 in Rabat, Morocco. In total, athletes representing Rwanda won three bronze medals and the country finished in 37th place in the medal table.

## Medal summary
### Medal table

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Date |
| Bronze | Patrick Akumuntu Kavalo Olivier Ntagengwa | Beach volleyball | Men's tournament | 21 August |
| Bronze | Moise Mugisha | Cycling | Men's Individual Time Trial | 26 August |
| Bronze | Rwanda | Cycling | Men's Team Time Trial | 29 August |
Medals by sport :
| Sport | | | | Total |
| Cycling | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Beach volleyball | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |

## Athletics

Noel Hitimana and Marthe Yankurije competed in athletics.
Hitimana competed in the men's 10,000 metres event and Yankurije competed in the women's 10,000 metres event.
Hitimana finished in 5th place and Yankurije finished in 8th place.

## Cycling

Rwanda competed in both mountain bike and road cycling. Moise Mugisha won the bronze medal in the men's individual time trial. He was also part of the team that won the bronze medal in the men's team time trial.

## Volleyball

Rwanda competed in the men's beach volleyball tournament.
Patrick Akumuntu Kavalo and Olivier Ntagengwa won the bronze medal.
Benitha Mukandayisenga and Valentine Munezero competed in the women's beach volleyball tournament. They finished in 8th place.
# Ludovick Grant of Grant

Ludovick Grant, 1st of Grant and 8th of Freuchie (1641–1717) was a Scottish politician and soldier. He was the 19th Chief of Clan Grant and referred to as the "Highland King."

## Biography

Grant was born at Freuchie Castle c. 1641, the eldest son of James Grant, 7th of Freuchie and Lady Mary Stewart, the daughter of James Stewart, 3rd Earl of Moray and Lady Anne Gordon, the daughter of George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly. His brother was Patrick Grant of Wester Elchies, progenitor of that clan branch. After his father died, he was raised under the guardianship of his uncle Patrick Grant, who thus became known as the 'Tutor of Grant'. On 23 May 1665, he was retoured heir to his father in all the lands of Freuchie, Mulben, Urquhart, and others, in accordance with the Royal precept.
Grant was an active parliamentarian who sat as Member of Parliament for Elginshire from 1681 onwards. On one occasion at parliament he insisted that his dissatisfaction with an Act of Parliament be noted for the record. The Duke of York was said to have remarked sarcastically: "Let his Highland Majesty's protest be marked." From then onwards, Grant was referred to as the "Highland King." Charles II intended to make Grant the 'Earl of Strathspey', but this never materialized.
In 1671 he married Janet, the daughter of Alexander Brodie, 2nd of Lethen (died 1688). His eldest son Brigadier General Alexander Grant, 2nd of Grant died in 1719. He was thus succeeded by the second eldest son Sir James Grant, 6th Baronet. His younger sons were Major George Grant of Culbin who was governor of Fort George and Colonel Ludovick Grant who was a planter and slave owner in Jamaica. His daughter Margaret was married to Simon 'the Fox' Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat. His daughter Janet was married to Sir Roderick Mackenzie, 2nd Baronet and 5th of Scatwell.
Grant led his clan during the 1689 Rising and raised a regiment on the side of the Williamite government, commanding a force of around 700 men. At the Battle of Cromdale on 30 April 1690 the Jacobites were defeated by Sir Thomas Livingstone. Grant later supported the Hanoverian succession. On 28 February 1694 he was awarded by William III with a royal charter for the 'regality of Grant', which was centered on the renamed and rebuilt Castle Grant, thus becoming Ludovic Grant, 1st of Grant - the 'Highland King'.