OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Perturbation (geology)

Perturbation (from Latin: perturbare "to confuse, disorder, disturb", from per- "through" + turbare "disturb, confuse," from turba "turmoil, crowd") is a set of pedology (soil study) and sedimentary geology processes relating to changes in the nature of water-borne alluvial sediments and in situ soil deposits over time.
Pedoturbation (from Greek: πέδον (pédon), "soil") involves mixing between soil horizons and is an important factor in soil formation. Pedoturbation includes churning clays, cryoturbation, and bioturbation. Pedoturbation transforms soils through destratification, mixing, and sorting, as well as creating preferential flow paths for soil gas and infiltrating water.
Precipitation of surface salts also causes localized disruption of soils. Because it does not result in mixing between soil horizons, it is not considered pedoturbation.
# Perch (surname)

Perch pronounced Audio (US) is a surname.

## Origins

There is considerable confusion as to the origins of the surname, which has been recorded as Pearch, Pearche, Perch, Perche, Porch and possibly other variants. It was probably topographical or occupational, and as such would have described either somebody who possessed a perche of land (representing an area of land large enough to support a family), or who was a measurer of perches, a surveyor or land agent. However it is also possible that the name described a fisherman, one who professionally caught the freshwater fish known as the perch. Before the 14th century, large areas of England and particularly in East Anglia were permanently under water, and today's fens are what remains. There was in consequence a large inland fishing industry, that gradually died out over five hundred years. Another possibility is that the name is associated with the early textile industry, a perche being a frame used for drying cloth, whilst it was also a term used in stage coaches, but this was probably too late to influence the origin of the name.
A coat of arms associated with the name has the blazon of a red field charged with a fesses between three crosses, all silver. It is unclear when the surname was first recorded but surviving church registers of the city of London include Hugh Perche who married Elizabeth Chamberlen at St Margaret's, Westminster on April 23, 1559, and Margery Pearch who married Walter Hill at St Giles Cripplegate, on August 12, 1633.

## People

* Floyd Anthony Perch (b. 1959), Jamaican musician known as Papa Kojak.
* James Perch (b. 1985), English footballer.
* Rebecca De Mornay (real name Rebecca Pearch), American actress.
* Katharina Perch-Nielsen, Swiss orienteering competitor.
# Perch Creek (Watonwan River tributary)

Perch Creek is a 37.3-mile-long (60.0 km) tributary of the Watonwan River in southern Minnesota, United States. Via the Watonwan, Blue Earth, and Minnesota rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.
# Hajia Gali

Hajia Gali is a village located in the Nilan Valley of Abbottabad District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. The Karlal is the most prominent tribe of the village.
# Hakewill

Hakewill is a surname, and may refer to:
* Edward Charles Hakewill (1816–1872), English church architect
* Edmund Hakewill-Smith (1896–1986), South African-born British General
* George Hakewill (d.1649), English clergyman and author
* Geraldine Hakewill (born 1987), Australian actress and singer-songwriter
* Henry Hakewill (1771–1830), English architect
* James Hakewill (1778–1843), English architect, best known for his illustrated publications
* John Hakewill (1742–1791), English painter and interior decorator
* John Henry Hakewill (1810–1880), English architect
* William Hakewill (1574–1655), English legal antiquarian and Member of parliament
# Hakgala

Hakgala is a mountain situated in the Nuwara Eliya district of Sri Lanka at 2,169 m (7,116 ft) above mean sea level, most parts of the mountain are covered with forest belonging to Hakgala Strict Nature Reserve. Hakgala Botanical Garden is situated on the northeastern slope of the Hakgala Mountain. The southwestern side of the mountain has a wet climate compared to the northeastern slope since the southwestern part faces directly to the southwest Monsoon.
According to the native language of Sri Lanka – Sinhala, the name of the mountain hakgala’ has the meaning of jaw-rock. Jaw rock is related to a story in the epic Ramayana. According to the legend, Hanuman the Monkey God had been sent by Rama to the Himalayas to find a particular medical herb to rescue Sita from the demon king Ravana. When Hanuman arrived at the Himalayas he had forgotten which herb he was looking for and he had decided to bring a chunk of the Himalayas back in his jaw, hoping that particular herb was growing on it. Legend says that Hakgala Mountain was formed by the chunk of rock brought from the Himalayas by Hanuman.
# Perfect to Me

Perfect to Me may refer to:
* "Perfect to Me", 2005 song by Al Green from his album Everything's OK
* "Perfect to Me", 2014 song by Marc Broussard from his album A Life Worth Living
* "Perfect to Me", 2018 song by Dave Audé
# Hair (TV series)

Hair is a British reality television series to find Britain's best amateur hair stylist that was first broadcast on BBC Three on 25 February 2014. The first series was presented by Steve Jones, whilst the second series is fronted by Katherine Ryan. The judges are Denise McAdam and Alain Pichon. On 30 October 2014, it was revealed that Hair had been renewed for a second series and promoted from BBC Three to BBC Two. The second and final series comprises eight half-hour episodes and began on 13 July 2015.

## Production

Hair was commissioned by Zai Bennett and Emma Willis and was produced by BBC Television.

## Episode list
### Series 1 (2014)

| # | Title | Original air date | UK viewers |
| 1 | "Episode 1" | 25 February 2014 (2014-02-25) | 880,000 |
| 2 | "Episode 2" | 4 March 2014 (2014-03-04) | 910,000 |
| 3 | "Episode 3" | 11 March 2014 (2014-03-11) | 910,000 |
| 4 | "Episode 4" | 18 March 2014 (2014-03-18) | 965,000 |
| 5 | "Episode 5" | 25 March 2014 (2014-03-25) | 823,000 |
| 6 | "Episode 6" | 1 April 2014 (2014-04-01) | 1,089,000 |

### Series 2 (2015)

| # | Title | Original air date | UK viewers |
| 1 | "Episode 1" | 13 July 2015 (2015-07-13) | N/A |
| 2 | "Episode 2" | 14 July 2015 (2015-07-14) | N/A |
| 3 | "Episode 3" | 21 July 2015 (2015-07-21) | 1,030,000 |
| 4 | "Episode 4" | 22 July 2015 (2015-07-22) | 890,000 |
| 5 | "Episode 5" | 27 July 2015 (2015-07-27) | < 870,000 |
| 6 | "Episode 6" | 28 July 2015 (2015-07-28) | 870,000 |
| 7 | "Episode 7" | 3 August 2015 (2015-08-03) | < 930,000 |
| 8 | "Episode 8" | 4 August 2015 (2015-08-04) | 1,110,000 |

## Series
### Series 1 (2014)

Eight contestants participated in the first series of Hair.
| Contestant | Age | Outcome |
| Amy Tombling | 22 | Eliminated 1st |
| Ebuni Ajiduah | 24 | Eliminated 2nd |
| Laura Hollowell | 25 | Eliminated 3rd |
| Annie Davies | 24 | Eliminated 4th |
| Kobi Kirby | 16 | Eliminated 5th |
| Katie Crompton | 30 | Runner-up |
| Dominika Kasperowicz | 29 | Runner-up |
| Marvin Francis | 25 | Winner |

### Series 2 (2015)

Ten contestants participated in the second and final series of Hair.
| Contestant | Age | Outcome |
| Daniel Cryne | 31 | Eliminated 1st |
| Jaime Cura | 38 | Eliminated 2nd |
| Lesley White | 58 | Eliminated 3rd |
| Sarah Bloor | 42 | Eliminated 4th |
| Rebecca Uzzaman | 30 | Eliminated 5th |
| Meggan George | 21 | Eliminated 6th |
| Kellie Henry | 28 | Eliminated 7th |
| Marlene Abuah | 30 | Runner-up |
| Maryia Yasianetskaya | 29 | Runner-up |
| Philip Hunt | 33 | Winner |
# Pescara (disambiguation)

Pescara is a city in Italy.
Pescara may also refer to:
* Aterno-Pescara, a river in Italy
* Pescara Airport, an airport in Pescara
* Pescara Calcio, an Italian football (soccer) club
* Pescara Circuit, a race course near Pescara
* Pescara Grand Prix, a race held in Italy
* Province of Pescara, a province in Italy
* Raúl Pateras Pescara an Argentine helicopter pioneer
# Halgerda azteca

Halgerda azteca is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from 3 specimens collected at Banc Aztèque, and Banc Jumeau east, Norfolk Ridge, New Caledonia in depths of 230–367 m.
# Peter Chaceporc

Peter Chaceporc (died 1254) was Keeper of the Wardrobe under Henry III of England, and an Archdeacon of Wells.

## Life

Peter was from Poitou, the area of France from which Henry III's half-siblings and a number of his administrators came, and was nephew to Hugh de Vivonne. His brother Hugh was married to Guidona, who may have been one of the Lusignan family. Peter was in the service of Henry III by the beginning of 1240, and he was an ambassador for Henry to Poitou, France, Aragon, and Lyons. By 1241 he was a clerk at the royal wardrobe, becoming keeper, or treasurer, of the wardrobe in October 1241. Henry seems to have relied on the wardrobe for ready money, and Chaceporc was therefore of some significance, not least during the Gascon campaigns of 1242–3 and 1253–4. He deputised for William of Kilkenny as temporary keeper of the great seal in 1253. (Matthew Paris names him as treasurer of the queen, as well.)
He held several ecclesiastical offices: prebendary of Mapesbury, dean of Tattenhall, archdeacon of Wells, treasurer of Lincoln, dean of Tottenham and custodian of the bishoprics of Durham and Winchester during their vacancies. He was with Henry III in December 1254, visiting the church of S. Marie, Boulogne, when he took ill and died. Peter was buried there, but left 600 marks to found, in England, a house of canons regular, with canons from Merton Priory. This was Ravenstone Priory, Buckinghamshire.
# Half-speed mastering

Half-speed mastering is a technique occasionally used when cutting the acetate lacquers from which phonograph records are produced. The cutting machine platter is run at half of the usual speed (16 2⁄3 rpm for 33 1⁄3 rpm records) while the signal to be recorded is fed to the cutting head at half of its regular playback speed.
The reasons for using this technique vary, but it is generally used for improving the high-frequency response of the finished record. By halving the speed during cutting, very high frequencies that are difficult to cut become much easier to cut since they are now mid-range frequencies.
Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab used half-speed mastering for its Original Master Recording LP's.
# Perhaps

Perhaps may refer to:
* Perhaps (album), the fourth album released by the Scottish New Wave band Associates
* "Quizás, Quizás, Quizás", "Perhaps, Perhaps, Perhaps" in English, a popular song
* Perhaps, English title of the 1999 French science fiction film Peut-être
* "Perhaps" (song), a song by the band Guns N' Roses
# Perun (disambiguation)

Perun is a Slavic god.
Perun may also refer to:
* Perun (comics), a Marvel Comics character based on the Slavic god
* Montenegrin perun, a historical currency
* Peryn, a peninsula near Veliky Novgorod (Russia)
* Peryn Chapel, the Church of the Nativity of the Theotokos on Peryn
* Parndorf, a town in Austria originally known as Perun
# Performance and Cocktails: Live at Morfa Stadium

Performance and Cocktails: Live at Morfa Stadium is a 1999 DVD released by Welsh Rock trio, Stereophonics. The DVD features live recordings from a concert at Morfa Stadium from 31 July 1999.

## Track listing

* Hurry Up and Wait
* The Bartender and the Thief
* T-shirt Sun Tan
* Pick a Part That's New
* A Thousand Trees
* Not Up To You
* Check My Eyelids For Holes
* I Wouldn't Believe Your Radio
* She Takes Her Clothes Off
* Sunny Afternoon
* Is Yesterday, Tomorrow, Today?
* Same Size Feet
* Traffic
* Last of the Big Time Drinkers
* Just Looking
* Looks Like Chaplin
* Local Boy in the Photograph
* Roll Up and Shine
* Nice To Be Out
* Billy Davey's Daughter
* I Stopped To Fill My Car Up
# Performance analysis

Performance analysis may refer to:
* Performance attribution, a technique for analysing performance of funds in finance
* Profiling (computer programming), the analysis of computer performance
# Periploca otrebla

Periploca otrebla is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by H.A. Vargas in 2003. It is found in Chile (Azapa Valley, Chaca valley).
The larvae feed on the leaves of Acacia macracantha.
# Halfhill

Halfhill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
# Tirsa

Tirsa is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae, containing only one species Tirsa fiona. It is found in French Polynesia (Rapa Iti).
The wingspan is 24–28 mm. It is a dark brown moth with dark camouflaging speckles throughout its body. It is also known for its long, narrow antennae, which often extend back over its head, rather than ahead.
# Vincente

Vincente is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
# William Cavendish (MP for Derby)

William Cavendish MP (10 January 1783 – 14 January 1812) was an English nobleman and Whig politician. He was the son of Lord George Cavendish, later Earl of Burlington.
He was educated at Eton College, and Trinity College, Cambridge, between 1800 and 1803. He went on a continental Grand Tour in 1803–04, during which he visited Berlin to see the Prussian Army reviews. Although this was during the period of the Napoleonic Wars, his own military service was at home; he was commissioned Captain in the Derbyshire Militia in 1803, was promoted Major in 1804, and was its Colonel from 1811 until his early death.
He was elected MP for Knaresborough in May 1804, then for Aylesbury in July that year. In the next general election in 1806, he was elected for Derby, which he represented until his death.
He married Louisa O'Callaghan (d. 1863), daughter of Cornelius O'Callaghan, 1st Baron Lismore, on 18 July 1807. They had four children, the fourth born after his father's death:
* William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire (1808–1891)
* Lady Fanny Cavendish (11 Apr 1809 – 30 Dec 1885), married Frederick John Howard and had issue
* Lord George Henry Cavendish (19 August 1810 – 23 September 1880)
* Lord Richard Cavendish (3 July 1812 – 19 November 1873)
(Upon William's accession as Duke of Devonshire in 1858, his siblings were granted precedence of the children of a duke by Royal Warrant.)
William predeceased his father, aged 29. On the evening of 14 January 1812, he was killed when he was accidentally flung from his curricle driving in Holker Park. He had been visiting his father's seat and was returning from a shooting excursion with his brother Charles and his college tutor named the Rev. Mr. Smith. The reins broke and William attempted to recover them when he was thrown and instantly killed. Charles was not injured but Smith suffered a broken rib. His father was subsequently created Earl of Burlington in 1831, a title which passed to William's son William, who also succeeded as Duke of Devonshire.
# Karoline Rosing

Karoline Rosing (c. 1842-1901) was a 19th-century Greenlandic midwife and early translator into the Greenlandic language.
The daughter of a sealer, Rosing learned Danish and travelled to Copenhagen to study to become a midwife. After passing her examinations in 1867, she became the first Greenlandic midwife to complete their education at the Danish Royal Laying-In Hospital. Beginning in 1882, she and her family were stationed in Kangaamiut by the Royal Greenland Trading Department, where Rosing was the only trained medical professional. Rosing was the first Greenlandic woman to publish an independent work of translation, in 1886. She worked as a translator for the Greenlandic newspaper Atuagagdliutit and also translated stories into Greenlandic.
Rosing was married to a Dane, Peter Frederik Rosing, and had nine children.
# Julio Iglesias (disambiguation)

Julio Iglisias may refer to:
* Julio Iglesias Sr. (1915–2005), Spanish gynecologist
* Julio Iglesias (born 1943), Spanish singer, son of previous
* Julio Iglesias Jr. (born 1973), Spanish singer, host, actor and model, son of previous
* Julio José Iglesias Rouget (born 1972), Spanish former footballer, who played as a goalkeeper
# Bolla Aqueduct

The Bolla Aqueduct was the first aqueduct in Naples built around 400 BC by the Greek inhabitants. It was about 10 km long, bringing water from a marshy depression near Mount Vesuvius, known as the "Volla” plain, which was in turn supplied by an aquifer of pyroclastic and sedimentary deposits laid down in Vesuvius' many eruptions.
It reached the city at Porta Capuana before splitting into a network of underground channels leading to private wells. It remained a major water source for the city until being replaced by the Serino aqueduct in the late 19th century. The Bolla still supplies water to outer areas of Naples for industrial use.
# Open Skies, Closed Minds

Open Skies, Closed Minds, a book on ufology, expresses the views of Nick Pope, a former UFO investigator with the British Ministry of Defence (MOD).
The book provides an overview of the UFO phenomenon, with the emphasis on Pope's three-year tour of duty as the Ministry of Defence's UFO desk officer. It examines a number of well-known UFO cases, including the Roswell crash and the Rendlesham Forest Incident, as well as a number of less well-known cases from the MOD's UFO case-files. Pope also discusses the politics surrounding the way in which those within government and the military view UFO phenomena.
# Open Sky

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Open Sky is a progressive rock album by Iona, released in 2000.

## Recording

Recordings were made at various locations during 1999 and 2000, all engineered by Nigel Palmer:
* Chapel Studios, Lincolnshire
* Visions on Albion, Yorkshire
* The Snooker Roon, Northern Ireland

## Track listing

Disc 1 – total time 73:30
* "Woven Cord" – 9:28
* "Wave After Wave" – 6:15
* "Open Sky" – 5:40
* "Castlerigg" – 9:27
* "A Million Stars" – 3:20
* "Light Reflected" – 5:11
* "Hinba" – 4:58
* "Songs of Ascent" (part 1) – 7:58
* "Songs of Ascent" (part 2) – 9:06
* "Songs of Ascent" (part 3) – 4:53
* "Friendship's Door" – 7:14

## Personnel
### Band

* Joanne Hogg – vocals, piano, keyboards
* Dave Bainbridge – guitars, keyboards, e-bow and Indian guitars, piano, bouzouki, autoharp, vocals
* Phil Barker – bass guitar
* Frank Van Essen – drums, percussion, violins, vocals
* Troy Donockley – Uilleann pipes, low whistles, tin whistle, vocals, acoustic guitar, e-bow guitar, Portuguese mandola, harmonium

### Additional musician and special guest

* Billy Jackson – Celtic harp, clarsach

## Release details

* 2000, UK, Alliance Records ALD 1901772, release date 8 May 2000, CD
* 2000, US, Forefront Records FFD-5285, release date 8 May 2000, CD
* 2005, UK, Open Sky Records OPENVP8CD, release date 27 June 2005, CD
# Open Sesame (disambiguation)

Open sesame is a magical phrase in the story of Ali Baba.
Open Sesame may also refer to:
* Open Sesame (TV series), a children's television series based on Sesame Street
* Iftah Ya Simsim, an Arabic language children's TV series also based on Sesame Street whose name translates as "Open Sesame"
* Open Sesame (Freddie Hubbard album), 1960
* Open Sesame (Kool & the Gang album), 1976
** "Open Sesame" (Kool & the Gang song), the title track
* Open Sesame (Shaft album)
* Open Sesame (Whodini album), 1987
* "Open Sesame" (Leila K song), 1992
* Open Sesame, a novel by Tom Holt
# Open water swimming at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 10 km

The women's 10 km competition of the open water swimming events at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships was held on July 23.

## Results

The race was started at 12:00.
| Rank | Swimmer | Nationality | Time |
| | Poliana Okimoto | Brazil | 1:58:19.2 |
| | Ana Marcela Cunha | Brazil | 1:58:19.5 |
| | Angela Maurer | Germany | 1:58:20.2 |
| 4 | Kalliopi Araouzou | Greece | 1:58:21.3 |
| 5 | Anna Olasz | Hungary | 1:58:22.4 |
| 6 | Ophélie Aspord | France | 1:58:23.2 |
| 7 | Fang Yanqiao | China | 1:58:23.2 |
| 8 | Rebecca Mann | United States | 1:58:23.4 |
| 9 | Éva Risztov | Hungary | 1:58:23.4 |
| 10 | Christine Jennings | United States | 1:58:23.6 |
| 11 | Elizaveta Gorshkova | Russia | 1:58:24.3 |
| 12 | Martina Grimaldi | Italy | 1:58:24.9 |
| 13 | Yumi Kida | Japan | 1:58:25.8 |
| 14 | Keri-anne Payne | Great Britain | 1:58:25.8 |
| 15 | Svenja Zihsler | Germany | 1:58:25.8 |
| 16 | Yurema Requena | Spain | 1:58:26.4 |
| 17 | Erika Villaécija | Spain | 1:58:27.8 |
| 18 | Olga Beresnyeva | Ukraine | 1:58:27.9 |
| 19 | Zsofia Balazs | Canada | 1:58:28.5 |
| 20 | Melissa Gorman | Australia | 1:58:30.9 |
| 21 | Marianna Lymperta | Greece | 1:58:33.0 |
| 22 | Lizeth Rueda | Mexico | 1:58:36.6 |
| 23 | Cara Baker | New Zealand | 1:58:38.5 |
| 24 | Vicenia Navarro | Venezuela | 1:58:38.5 |
| 25 | Celia Barrot | France | 1:58:41.8 |
| 26 | Shi Yu | China | 1:58:43.8 |
| 27 | Florencia Mazzei | Argentina | 1:58:43.9 |
| 28 | Silvie Rybářová | Czech Republic | 1:58:55.3 |
| 29 | Heidi Gan | Malaysia | 1:59:01.4 |
| 30 | Chelsea Gubecka | Australia | 1:59:16.3 |
| 31 | Rachele Bruni | Italy | 2:00:03.2 |
| 32 | Paola Pérez | Venezuela | 2:00:36.8 |
| 33 | Danielle Huskisson | Great Britain | 2:01:31.5 |
| 34 | Emma Robinson | New Zealand | 2:01:47.6 |
| 35 | Nadine Williams | Canada | 2:01:50.4 |
| 36 | Julia Lucila Arino | Argentina | 2:02:37.8 |
| 37 | Barbora Picková | Czech Republic | 2:04:02.8 |
| 38 | Nataly Caldas | Ecuador | 2:04:28.8 |
| 39 | Alexandra Sokolova | Russia | 2:04:45.3 |
| 39 | Valerie Gruest | Guatemala | 2:04:45.3 |
| 41 | Angelica Andre | Portugal | 2:04:45.4 |
| 41 | Laila El Basiouny | Egypt | 2:04:45.4 |
| 43 | Melissa Villaseñor Reyes | Mexico | 2:05:21.1 |
| 44 | Xeniya Romanchuk | Kazakhstan | 2:05:21.1 |
| 45 | Mahina Valdivia | Chile | 2:13:54.9 |
| 46 | Clarice Le Roux | South Africa | 2:15:35.7 |
| 47 | Fiona On Yi Chan | Hong Kong | 2:17:39.6 |
| 48 | Mariya Ivanova | Kazakhstan | 2:19:02.6 |
| 49 | Li Hannah Hang Fung | Hong Kong | 2:25:44.5 |
| | Risa Andriani Permana | Indonesia | OTL |
| | Poorva Kiran Shetye | India | OTL |
| | Michelle Weber | South Africa | DNS |
| | Karla Šitić | Croatia | DNS |