OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Heartland Food Corporation

Heartland Foods is one of the largest franchises of Burger King. The Downers Grove, Illinois-based company owns and operates over 225 restaurants in six US States.

## History

By 2001 and nearly eighteen years of stagnant growth, many of Burger King's franchises were in some sort of financial distress. The lack of growth severely impacted BKC's largest franchise, the nearly 400 store AmeriKing; by 2001 the company, which until this point had been struggling under a nearly $300 million debt load and been shedding store across the US, was forced to enter Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
While several individual BK franchisees also took advantage of the AmeriKing failure and the resulting sale of its assets, Miami-based franchisee Al Cabrera and cofounder Joseph DaGrosa purchased the largest chunk of stores, 130 locations primarily in Chicago and the Upper Midwest, from the failed company for a bargain basement price of $16 million, or approximately 88% of their original value. Taking these stores, he and his partners created a new company called Core Value Partners to renovate and update the locations which had deteriorated during Ameriking's decline. During this time, the company was renamed Heartland Foods and it purchased 120 additional stores from other financially distressed owners and completely revamped them as well. The resulting purchases made Mr. Cabrerra Burger King's largest minority franchisee and Heartland one of BKC's top franchisee groups. By 2006, the company was valued at over $150 million, and was sold to New York-based GSO Capital Partners.
# Pythian Sisters

The Pythian Sisters is a fraternal order with members throughout the United States and Canada. Although affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, they are not an auxiliary group as they have their own charter. The Pythian Sisters provided sick and death benefits to members.

## History

The origin of the Pythian auxiliaries for women is two-fold. In 1888, the Supreme Lodge of the Knights of Pythias approved the creation of a female auxiliary with a ritual written by Joseph Addison Hill. However, there were other women who favored a ritual written by Mrs. Alva A. Young. Two organizations were organized: the Pythian Sisterhood, using Young's ritual in Concord, New Hampshire on February 22, 1888 and the Pythian Sisters of the World, that same year, in Warsaw, Indiana using Hill's ritual. In addition to the differences in ritual, the Concord group did not accept (male) members of the Knights of Pythias as members, whereas the Warsaw group did. In 1894 the Supreme Lodge ruled that its members could not belong to another organization with "Pythian" in its title, so the Warsaw group changed its name to the Rathbone Sisters of the World, in order to keep its male members. In 1906, the Supreme Lodge repealed that prohibition and the two auxiliaries merged into a new order simply known as the Pythian Sisters.

## Organization

Local units are known as "Temples," state units are called "Grand Temples" and the national structure is called the "Supreme Temple," which meets biennially with the Supreme Lodge of the Knights of Pythias. In 1979 the Sisterhood did not have a regular headquarters, but the Supreme Temple offices were located in whatever city the Supreme Secretary happened to reside, which that year was in Lonaconing, Pennsylvania.

### Pythian Sunshine Girls

The Pythian Sisters have a youth affiliate, the Pythian Sunshine Girls, started in 1930. It is open to girls 8–20 and has local Councils in Arizona, New Mexico, California, Ohio, Virginia and Texas, with some interest expressed in creating Councils in Kentucky and Michigan. Denise Friend of Albuquerque, New Mexico is the current Supreme Royal Princess, the head of the organization. Lynette Burnam was the Grand Royal Princess in Arizona in 1968-1969.

## Membership

In 1964 the qualifications for membership included being over 16 years of age, of good moral character, able to speak the English language and be the wife, widow, sister, half-sister, sister-in-law, mother, stepmother or mother-in-law of a member of the Knights of Pythias. Historically, the organization was open to only white women. Male members who had taken any of the Degrees of the Order were also eligible. Today the membership requirements are only that the candidate be over sixteen, speak English and believe in a Supreme Being.
# Plasse

Plasse is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christopher Mintz-Plasse (born 1989), American actor and comedian
* Michel Plasse (1948–2006), Canadian ice hockey player
# José Ignacio Díaz

José Ignacio Díaz Velázquez (born November 22, 1979) is a Spanish racewalker. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's 50 kilometres walk but did not finish the race.
In 2018, he competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 2018 European Athletics Championships held in Berlin, Germany. He finished in 9th place. In 2019, he competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 2019 World Athletics Championships held in Doha, Qatar. He did not finish his race.
# Gubbo

Gubbo is a locality situated in Smedjebacken Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden, with 215 inhabitants in 2010.
# Vannes Airport

Vannes Airport (aéroport de Vannes-Golfe du Morbihan) is a regional airport in France (IATA: VNE, ICAO: LFRV). It supports general aviation.

## History

Vannes airport was a civil airport built prior to World War II.

### German use during World War II

Seized by the Germans in June 1940 during the Battle of France, Meucon airport was used as a Luftwaffe military airfield during the occupation. Known units assigned (all from Luftflotte 3, Fliegerkorps IV):
* Kampfgruppe 100 (KGr 100) 9 August 1940 – 17 June 1941 Heinkel He 111H (Fuselage Code 6N+)
* Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53) 8 June-13 August 1941 Messerschmitt Bf 109E-1
* Jagdgeschwader 51 (JG 51) Oct 1941-January 1942 Messerschmitt Bf 109E-1
* Jagdgeschwader 2 (JG 2) 22 November 1942-October 1943 Focke-Wulf Fw 190A
KGr 100 took part in operations over England during the Battle of Britain (10 July–31 October 1940). JG 53, JG 51 and JG 2 were interceptor units against Allied bomber operations over occupied Europe.
Vannes was attacked on several missions by United States Army Air Force Eighth Air Force bombers during 1943.

### Allied use

The airport was liberated by Allied ground forces about 10 August 1944 during the Northern France Campaign. Almost immediately, the USAAF IX Engineering Command 850th Engineer Aviation Battalion cleared the airport of mines and destroyed Luftwaffe aircraft. Runway bomb craters were filled with gravel or various types of debris and covered by Tarmac. Subsequently, Vannes/Meucon Airport became a USAAF Ninth Air Force combat airfield, designated as "A-33" about 29 August.
As the airport was in the rear area when repaired and opened, the Americans used it as a defensive field, stationing the 425th Night Fighter Squadron, flying P-61 Black Widows from 18 August though 11 September 1944 flying night air defense missions. Once the Luftwaffe threat was diminished in the area, the night fighters were moved east and it became a resupply and evacuation airfield for casualties to be treated, prior to being moved to England or the United States.

### Current

The airport was returned to French civil control after the war ended on 20 June 1945. The heavily damaged airport required much reconstruction, and the main runway was refurbished and repaved with asphalt. Today it remains a regional civil airport. The former secondary (13/31) runway is now a concrete parking apron and still shows some asphalt patches applied over wartime bomb craters left by the Eighth Air Force. A grass runway (08/26) is of postwar vintage.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Finist'air | Seasonal: Belle Île |
# Vannetta Seecharran

Vannetta Seecharran is a London-based jewellery artist, working in silver and other materials. The work explores the relationship between silver and fabric in jewellery and inhabits the boundary between fashion and jewellery. Her work has been commissioned and exhibited by museums and galleries around the world. Seecharran is also an art lecturer and teaches jewellery classes from her studio.

## Biography

Seecharran was born in Guyana in and at the age of 11 emigrated with her parents to New York City. She graduated from Parsons School of Art with a BA in Product Design / Jewellery Design and then attended the State University of New York at New Paltz and graduated with an MFA in Jewellery.
In 1998, she moved to London and started working from her studio in Clerkenwell. Her work has continued to evolve since then and continues to experiment with and develop the use of fabric in silver jewellery.
Recent exhibitions:
* 2007: 'Collect 2007' - Victoria & Albert Museum, London, UK
* 2006: 'Shape of Things' - Bristol Museum & Art Gallery, UK
* 2004: 'Transient' - Royal Pump Room Museum & Gallery, Leamington Spa, UK
* 2004: 'Feast Your Eyes' - Victoria & Albert Museum, London, UK
* 2004: 'SOFA 2004' - New York, NY, USA
* 2003: 'SOFA 2003' - New York, NY, USA
* 2002: 'SOFA 2002' - New York, NY, USA
* 2000: 'Gallerie Orea' - Munich, Germany
* 2000: 'Inhorgenta' - Munich, Germany
* 1999: 'Schmuck' - Munich, Germany
# Vannivilankulam

Vannivilankulam is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
# Vannius

Vannius (flourished in 1st century AD) was the king of the Germanic tribe Quadi.
According to The Annals of Tacitus, Vannius came to power following the defeat of the Marcomannic King Catualda by the Hermunduri King Vibilius, establishing the Kingdom of Vannius [cs] (regnum Vannianum). It was the first political unit in the area that is now Slovakia. Vannius was a client king of the Roman Empire and ruled from 20 AD to 50 AD. Tacitus writes that he was "renowned and popular with his countrymen," but after a long reign, he "became a tyrant, and the enmity of neighbours, joined to intestine strife, was his ruin." Joined by Vangio and Sido, sons of a sister of Vannius, Vibilius of the Hermunduri again led the deposition. Emperor Claudius, decided to stay out of the conflict, fearing that the Lugii and other Germanic tribes would be attracted by the "opulent realm which Vannius had enriched during thirty years of plunder and tribute."
Vannius was easily defeated by the Lugii and the Hermunduri, although he won some credit through being wounded in battle. Vannius managed to flee to his fleet on the Danube, and was awarded lands in Pannonia by Claudius. His realm was subsequently divided between his nephews Vangio and Sido. Tacitus writes that Vangio and Sido were "admirably loyal" to the Romans, but among their subjects, by whom they were "much loved" while seeking to acquire power, they became "yet more hated when they acquired it."
# Vanning (disambiguation)

Vanning may refer to:
* Vanning - a type of ore dressing by which ores are washed on a shovel.
* Vanning (hobby) - a hobby practiced by aficionados of tricked-out conversion vans.
* Vanning (music) - to indulge in the lyrical mastery of Van Morrison.
# Var1 protein domain

In molecular biology, VAR1 protein domain, otherwise known as variant protein 1, is a ribosomal protein that forms part of the small ribosomal subunit in yeast mitochondria. Mitochondria possess their own ribosomes responsible for the synthesis of a small number of proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome. VAR1 is the only protein in the yeast mitochondrial ribosome to be encoded in the mitochondria - the remaining approximately 80 ribosomal proteins are encoded in the nucleus. VAR1 along with 15S rRNA are necessary for the formation of mature 37S subunits.

## Function

It is thought that Var1 plays a role in the early steps of small subunit assembly and is required for the incorporation of at least one ribosomal protein. It is important for mitochondrial translational initiation, since it requires the interaction between the small ribosomal subunit and the message-specific translation factors.

## Ribosomal proteins in translation

Ribosomes are the organelles that catalyse mRNA-directed protein synthesis in all organisms. The codons of the mRNA are exposed on the ribosome to allow tRNA binding. This leads to the incorporation of amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain in accordance with the genetic information. Incoming amino acid monomers enter the ribosomal A site in the form of aminoacyl-tRNAs complexed with elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) and GTP. The growing polypeptide chain, situated in the P site as peptidyl-tRNA, is then transferred to aminoacyl-tRNA and the new peptidyl-tRNA, extended by one residue, is translocated to the P site with the aid the elongation factor G (EF-G) and GTP as the deacylated tRNA is released from the ribosome through one or more exit sites. Since Var1 helps form the small subunit of the ribosome, its significance become apparent in translation and cell survival.
# Varberg Vipers

The Varberg Vipers, also known as Varberg Hockey or Varberg HK, is a Swedish ice hockey club located in Varberg. The club will play the 2014–15 season in group South of Hockeyettan, the third tier of Swedish ice hockey. The club plays its home games in Varbergs Ishall, which has a capacity of 544 spectators.
# Vaxell 100i

The Vaxell 100i is a Polish aircraft engine, designed and produced by Vaxell of Bydgoszcz for use in ultralight and homebuilt aircraft.

## Design and development

The Vaxell 100i engine is a four-cylinder four-stroke, horizontally-opposed, 2,300 cc (140.4 cu in) displacement, air-cooled, direct-drive, gasoline engine design. It employs dual electronic ignition, electronic, multipoint fuel injection and produces 90 hp (67 kW) at 3100 rpm.

## Specifications (80i)

Data from Tacke

### General characteristics

* Type: Four cylinder, four stroke aircraft engine
* Displacement: 2,300 cc (140.4 cu in)
* Length: 670 mm (26.4 in)
* Width: 770 mm (30.3 in)
* Height: 380 mm (15.0 in)
* Dry weight: 74.85 kg (165.0 lb) dry weight

### Components

* Fuel system: electronic, multipoint fuel injection
* Fuel type: gasoline
* Cooling system: air
* Reduction gear: none

### Performance

* Power output: 90 hp (67 kW) at 3100 rpm
# Vaxainville

Vaxainville is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
# Vanzosaura

Vanzosaura is a genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is endemic to South America.

## Etymology

The generic name, Vanzosaura, is in honor of Brazilian herpetologist Paulo Vanzolini.

## Species

The genus Vanzosaura contains three accepted species.
* Vanzosaura multiscutata (Amaral, 1933)
* Vanzosaura rubricauda (Boulenger, 1902) - red-tailed vanzosaur, redtail tegu
* Vanzosaura savanicola Recoder, Werneck, Teixeira Jr, Colli, Sites, & Rodrigues, 2014
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Vanzosaura.
# Vanzosaura multiscutata

Vanzosaura multiscutata (Brazilian common names: Calango-do-Rabo-Vermelho and Piolho-de-Cobra) is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is a small lizard (snout–vent length less than 3.8cm) endemic to Brazil. It is found in Caatinga and Restinga regions, mostly in sandy or rocky places and feeds on arthropods.
# Veddel

Veddel (German pronunciation) is a quarter (Stadtteil) in the Hamburg-Mitte borough of the Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg on the homonymous island in the Elbe river, in northern Germany. In 2020, the population was 4,356.

## Geography

Veddel has an area of 4.4 km$^2$ (1.7 sq mi).

## Demographics

In 2006 in the Veddel quarter were living 4,944 people. The population density was 1,136/km$^2$ (2,942/sq mi). 22% were children under the age of 18, and 7.5% were 65 years of age or older. Resident aliens were 51.1% of the population. 407 people were registered as unemployed.
In 1999 there were 2,106 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 40.9% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.25.
# Veddel station

Veddel (BallinStadt) is a rapid transit station on the Harburg S-Bahn line and served by the trains of Hamburg S-Bahn. The railway station is located in the Veddel, Borough of Hamburg-Mitte, Hamburg, Germany. The station is managed by DB Station&Service, a subsidiary of the German railway company Deutsche Bahn AG. The station is listed as a Halt point (Haltepunkt), a passenger stop situated on an open stretch of line, and lacking specific signals.

## History

On 1 December 1897, the Cöln-Mindener Eisenbahn started its service on the Rollbahn line. In 1983 — after 10 years of construction, the first part of Hamburg's southern S-Bahn line from Central Station toward Harburg were completed and opened with the new Veddel station.

## Layout

The station is not fully accessible for handicapped persons. Before 1983, the station building was a brick building with an island platform and one entrance. Since the new S-Bahn line, it has exits on both ends of an island platform and a simple flat roof.

## Services
### Trains

The rapid transit trains of the lines S3 and S5 of the Hamburg S-Bahn are calling the station.

### Facilities at the station

There are no lockboxes and no personnel are attending the station, but there are SOS and information telephones, ticket machines, toilets and a small shop.
# Vasudevapuram Tavanur

Sri Vasudevapuram Temple is one of three ancient temples (Maha-Kshetram) on the Southern bank of holy river Bharathapuzha. It sits east of the other two, Maha-Shiva Temple and Brahma temple. These temples along with the famous Thirunavaya Maha-Vishnu temple across the river form the trilogy in Sanatana Dharma). Tavanur is called Muvaankara (മൂവ്വാങ്കര). Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva are the presiding deities, so it was initially known as Muvalankara, and then Muvaankara. Vasudevapuram Tavanur is situated in the middle of a wooded area resembling that of Sabarimala.

## History

Vasudevapuram Tavanur belonged to Maravanchery Mana and was later handed to a registered trust of devotees. Sri Vasudevapuram temple was built for Vilwamangalam Swamiyar's mother for offering prayer during her old age. Vilwamangalam Swamiyar was so great a devotee of Sri Krishna that he was said to possess the ability to "see" him. He was instrumental in setting up temples in Kerala such as Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvaarppu, and Cherthala Kaarthiaayani. The Krishna idol (murti) made of jet black stone is in the form of the youthful Krishna with butter in both hands. It is believed by devotees to have been the idol worshiped by Vilwamangalam Swamiyar.

## Legends

As a child Krishna appeared to Vilwamangalam Swamiyar, a mahatma who was a devout Brahmin and a yathi varyan. He worshiped Krishna in child form. After the disappearance of his mortal body, the idol of the youthful Krishna was installed in the temple and the village was dedicated to Krishna. This temple was renamed Vasudevapuram. Later a devotee of Lord Shiva brought a Shiva lingam and installed it in the temple for his worship. Ganapathi and Shasta idols were also installed.

## Festivals

* Ashtami Rohini: The birthday of Lord Krishna, celebrated in Chingam (August–September) . It is celebrated every year with cultural programs, procession, and special poojas including Guru pooja (Yatheeswara pooja). The devotees are given a special feast.
* Niraputhari: This takes place in the month of Chingam. Puthari means "new rice". It is the formal beginning of the use of rice after the new harvest season. It is a tradition in Sanatana Dharma that any food, item or work is offered (dedicated) to Lord before it is used. Puthari payasam is offered to Lord.
* Kuchela Dinam: The first Wednesday of the month of Dhanu (December) is celebrated. It is based on the belief that on this day Kuchela, an ardent devotee of Lord Krishna, offered Avil (parched rice) to him and in return attained eternal bliss and material prosperity. Avil offering is considered auspicious on this day.
# Vehicles Emissions Regulation 2007

The Vehicles Emissions Regulation 2007 (EC) No 715/2007 is an EU Regulation that sets maximum levels of toxic emissions from motor vehicles. Since the introduction of the Euro 1 emission standard, the law has been tightened towards the EU's phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles by 2035. Member states may act sooner, as may the EU.

## Contents

Article 2 defines the categories of vehicle to which the limits apply, up to those under 2,610 kg.
Article 4 states manufacturers must ‘demonstrate that all new vehicles sold, registered or put into service in the Community are type approved in accordance with this Regulation’.
Article 6 requires manufacturers to ‘provide unrestricted and standardised access to vehicle repair and maintenance information’ should there be any non-compliance.
Article 13 requires penalties imposed by member states for breach are ‘effective, proportionate and dissuasive’, and breaches include any ‘false declarations’ as well as ‘use of defeat devices’.

## Related legislation

The Heavy Vehicle Emission Regulation (EU) 2019/1242, arts. 4–5 applies to heavier vehicles and has limits for CO2.
# Veja State

Veja State was a petty princely state in India's present state of Gujarat.

## History

During the British Raj, it fell under the Baroda Agency, until its 1937 merger into the Baroda and Gujarat States Agency.
# Vasoepididymostomy

Vasoepididymostomy or epididymovasostomy is a surgery by which vasectomies are reversed. It involves connection of the severed vas deferens to the epididymis and is more technically demanding than the vasovasostomy.
For a vasectomy reversal that involves a vasoepididymostomy, there are two microsurgical approaches. The procedure involves a similar surgical incision as vasovasostomy; however, unlike with a vasovasostomy, the testis is usually delivered into the field for this more complex microsurgery. After the findings from the vasal fluid are reviewed showing epididymal obstruction, the epididymis is exposed by opening the outer testis covering (tunica vaginalis). The epididymis is inspected and an individual tubule is selected to enter and connect to the vas deferens. From this point on, one of two epididymovasostomy techniques is taken. In the mucosa-to-mucosa, end to side method, an opened epididymal tubule is connected to the cut end of the vas deferens with 4 to 6 small (10-0) simple sutures placed around the circumference of each. This "inner" layer is supported with an "outer" layer of radially placed 9-0 sutures to strengthen the connection. Recently, an "invagination" vasoepididymostomy was described as an alternative to the mucosa-to-mucosa method. With this technique, one, two or three "vest" sutures of 10-0 suture should be placed near the opening of the epididymal tubule to allow the epididymal tubule to "invaginate" into the vas deferens, theoretically creating a connection, that, based on studies in animal models, has an improved watertight seal and possibly a higher chance for success. Once the vas-deferens-epididymis connection is completed, the covering around the testis is replaced.
Vasoepididymostomy is often considered one of the most technically challenging operations in the field of urology. The procedure requires anastomosis of a single epididymal tubule (luminal diameter 0.15–0.25 mm) to the lumen of the vas deferens (diameter 0.3–0.4 mm), and is reserved for patients with congenital or acquired epididymal obstruction, or patients who have failed previous attempts at surgical reconstruction of the vas deferens. This surgery attaches the vas deferens directly to the epididymis, the coiled tube on the back of each testicle where sperm matures. A vasectomy can cause blockages or a break in the vas deferens or the epididymis. This surgery is used when a vasovasostomy won't work because sperm flow is blocked. The vas deferens is connected to the epididymis above the point of blockage.