OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Piezophototronics

Piezo-phototronic effect is a three-way coupling effect of piezoelectric, semiconductor and photonic properties in non-central symmetric semiconductor materials, using the piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) that is generated by applying a strain to a semiconductor with piezoelectricity to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination at metal–semiconductor junction or p–n junction for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices, such as photodetector, solar cell and light-emitting diode. Prof. Zhong Lin Wang at Georgia Institute of Technology proposed the fundamental principle of this effect in 2010.

## Mechanism

When a p-type semiconductor and a n-type semiconductor form a junction, the holes in the p-type side and the electrons in the n-type side tend to redistribute around the interface area to balance the local electric field, which results in a charge depletion layer. The diffusion and recombination of the electrons and holes in the junction region is closely related to the optoelectronic properties of the device, which is greatly affected by the local electric field distribution. The existence of the piezo-charges at the interface introduces three effects: a shift in local electronic band structure due to the introduced local potential, a tilt of the electronic band structure over the junction region for the polarization existing in the piezoelectric semiconductor, and a change in the charge depletion layer due to the redistribution of the local charge carriers to balance the local piezo-charges. The positive piezoelectric charges at the junction lower the energy band and the negative piezoelectric charges raise the energy band in n-type semiconductor region near the junction region. A modification in the local band by piezopotential may be effective for trapping charges so that the electron-hole recombination rate can be largely enhanced, which is very beneficial for improving the efficiency of a light-emitting diode. Furthermore, the inclined band tends to change the mobility of the carriers moving toward the junction. The materials for piezo-phototronics should have three basic properties: piezoelectricity, semiconductor property, and photon excitation property [5]. Typical materials are the wurtzite structures, such as ZnO, GaN and InN. the three-way coupling among piezoelectricity, photoexcitation and semiconductor properties, which is the basis of piezotronics (piezoelectricity-semiconductor coupling), piezophotonics (piezoelectric-photon excitation coupling), optoelectronics, and piezo-phototronics piezoelectricity-semiconductor-photoexcitation). The core of these coupling relies on the piezopotential created by the piezoelectric materials.

## Experimental realization

Van der Waals heterostructures based on graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) are promising for the realization of piezophototronic effect. It has been shown that the photo-response of graphene/MoS$_2$ junction can be tuned by means of tensile stress manifesting piezophototronic effect in TMD devices.
# Hayden Phillips

Sir Gerald Hayden Phillips GCB DL (born 9 February 1943) is a retired English civil servant.

## Early life

He was educated at Cambridgeshire High School for Boys, Clare College, Cambridge, and Yale University.

## Career

He joined the Civil Service as an Assistant Principal in the Home Office in 1967, and was Economic Adviser, 1970–72, Principal 1972–74, and Assistant Secretary, and Principal Private Secretary to the Home Secretary (Roy Jenkins), 1974–76. From 1977 to 1979 he served as Deputy Chef de Cabinet to Roy Jenkins as President of the European Commission. He returned to the Home Office as Assistant Secretary from 1979 to 1981, and then as Assistant Under-Secretary of State from 1981 to 1986.
From 1986 to 1988 he was Deputy Secretary in the Cabinet Office (Management and Personnel Office, subsequently Office of the Minister for the Civil Service). From 1988 to 1992 he was Deputy Secretary in HM Treasury.
From 1992 to 1998 he was Permanent Secretary, Department for National Heritage (Department for Culture, Media and Sport from 1997). From 1998 to 2004 he was Clerk of the Crown in Chancery and Permanent Secretary of the Lord Chancellor's Department (Department for Constitutional Affairs from 2003).
Phillips was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1989, promoted to a Knight Commander of the same Order (KCB) in 1998, and again promoted to a Knight Grand Cross of that Order (GCB) in 2002.

## Post-civil service activity

After retiring, he undertook a review of the honours system in 2004. From 2006–7 he undertook a review of the funding of political parties, and in 2007 chaired inter-party talks on political funding.
From 2004 to 2010 he was Chairman of the National Theatre.
Since 2006 he has been Chairman of the Council of Marlborough College, having been a Council member since 1997.
Since 1 January 2010 he has been Independent Reviewer for the Advertising Standards Authority.
He played the part of Colonel Dent in the 2011 film of Jane Eyre and the part of Sir Sebastian D'ath in the 2022 James Bond film No Time to Die.
He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant for the county of Wiltshire in 2017.
# Heihachi

Heihachi may refer to:
* Heihachi Edajima, a character in Sakigake!! Otokojuku
* Heihachi Hayashida, a character in the Akira Kurosawa film Seven Samurai
* Heihachi Mishima, a main character in the Tekken video game series
* Heihachi, a character in the Takashi Miike film Sukiyaki Western Django
# Ping Mo

Ping Mo (Chinese: 莫平; pinyin: Mò Píng; born 1962 in Beijing) is an architect and the founder of Mo Atelier Szeto, an architectural design firm established in 2005.

## Early life and education

Born in Beijing in 1962, Mo grew up apprenticing in the art studio of his father, the renowned Chinese woodcut artist Mo Ce. In 1984, he received his Bachelor's Degree from Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. After teaching for two years, he left Beijing for Cambridge, Massachusetts and received his Master of Architecture I degree from Harvard Graduate School of Design in 1990.

## Career

After graduating from Harvard's GSD, Ping worked in Graham Gund Architects in Boston Massachusetts for five years (1990-1995). He joined Pei Partnership Architects (PPA) in 1995 as an architect in New York City. In 1998, Mo was appointed by I. M. Pei to manage on site the design and construction of Pei's Bank of China Beijing Headquarters project. As the project's residential architect, Mo assumed the role of Managing Director for PPA in Asia from 2002 to 2005, overseeing the development of more projects in China for the firm. In 2005, Mo left PPA and founded his own architectural practice Mo Atelier (莫平建筑设计顾问事务所). He was later joined by the architect Gerald Szeto as partner, forming the architectural practice now known as Mo Atelier Szeto (MAS).
Since 2005, MAS has offered a diverse range of design services encompassing master-planning, architectural design and interior design for a broad range of key and signature projects in China across educational, healthcare, corporate and cultural sectors.

## Signature projects

* United World College Changshu Campus （世界联合学院，中国常熟校园)
* Taikang Senior Citizens Retirement Center, Shu and Wu Gardens （泰康 蜀园，吴园）
* Stanford Center at Peking University (MAS) （北京大学 斯坦福中心)
* ECNU Xiping Bilingual School Campus, Xiamen, China (厦门市华师希平双语学校)
* Yenching Academy of Peking University (MAS) (燕京学堂，北京大学)
* Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Medical Board's China HQ Office （北京协和医院，美国中华医药基金会 北京办事处）
* The Library of Health Science Center, Peking University （北京大学，医学部图书馆）
* International Medical Services Campus, at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院 新国际医疗区）
* Hall of Rectitude, Palace Museum (MAS) （故宫博物院 中正殿)
* The Garden of The Palace of Established Happiness, The Palace Museum, Forbidden City (MAS) （故宫建福宫花园）
# List of horror films of the 2000s

Horror films released in the 2000s are listed in the following articles:
* List of horror films of 2000
* List of horror films of 2001
* List of horror films of 2002
* List of horror films of 2003
* List of horror films of 2004
* List of horror films of 2005
* List of horror films of 2006
* List of horror films of 2007
* List of horror films of 2008
* List of horror films of 2009
# Heeps

Heeps is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Andrew Heeps (1899-1981), Scottish footballer
* Cameron Heeps (born 1995), Australian speedway rider
* Debbie Heeps (born 1955), Canadian volleyball player
* Rod Heeps (1938-2002), New Zealand rugby union player
# Sam Harris (disambiguation)

Sam Harris (born 1967) is an American author, philosopher, and neuroscientist.
Sam Harris may also refer to:
* Sam H. Harris (1872–1941), American theater producer, theater owner, and manager
* Sam Hyde Harris (1889–1977), American painter
* Sam Harris (singer) (born 1961), American actor and recording artist
* Sam Harris (rugby) (born 1980), New Zealand rugby footballer
* Sam Harris (basketball) (born 1984), Australian basketball player
* Sam Harris (born 1988), American singer and frontman for the rock group X Ambassadors
* Sam Harris (rugby union, born 2003), English rugby union player
# Pierre Ducasse

Pierre Ducasse may refer to:
* Pierre Ducasse (footballer) (born 1987), French footballer
* Pierre Ducasse (politician) (born 1972), Canadian politician
# Cryptolestes

Cryptolestes is a genus of beetles in the family Laemophloeidae. Several species are known as economically important pests of stored products, especially food grains. The four most notorious species are Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptolestes pusilloides, Cryptolestes pusillus, and Cryptolestes turcicus. C. capensis, C. klapperichi, and C. ugandae are less widespread pests. Species in this genus can be hard to distinguish from one another, and definitive identification often requires close examination of the genitalia.
Species include:
* Cryptolestes abietis Wankowicz
* Cryptolestes ampiyacus Thomas
* Cryptolestes atuloides Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes atulus Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes beccarii Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes bicolor Chevrolat
* Cryptolestes biskrensis Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes brunneus Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes calabozus Thomas
* Cryptolestes candius Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes capensis Waltl
* Cryptolestes capillulus Thomas
* Cryptolestes cornutus Thomas & Zimmerman
* Cryptolestes corticinus Erichson
* Cryptolestes curus Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes diemenensis Blackburn
* Cryptolestes divaricatus Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes duplicatus Waltl
* Cryptolestes dybasi Thomas
* Cryptolestes evansi Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes fauveli Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes ferrugineus Stephens – rusty grain beetle
* Cryptolestes fractipennis Motschulsky
* Cryptolestes fursovi Iablokoff-Khnzorian
* Cryptolestes halevyae Thomas
* Cryptolestes incertus Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes inyoensis
* Cryptolestes klapperichi Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes lepesmei Villiers
* Cryptolestes mexicanus Thomas
* Cryptolestes minimus Lefkovitch
* Cryptolestes obesus
* Cryptolestes planulatus Grouvelle
* Cryptolestes pubescens Casey
* Cryptolestes punctatus LeConte
* Cryptolestes pusilloides Steel & Howe
* Cryptolestes pusillus Schonherr – flat grain beetle
* Cryptolestes robinclarkei
* Cryptolestes schwarzi Casey
* Cryptolestes spartii Curtis
* Cryptolestes spatulifer Thomas
* Cryptolestes spectabilis
* Cryptolestes trinidadensis Thomas
* Cryptolestes turcicus Grouvelle – flour mill beetle
* Cryptolestes turnbowi
* Cryptolestes ugandae Steel & Howe
* Cryptolestes uncicornis Reitter
* Cryptolestes weisei Reitter
# Pinhook, Lawrence County, Indiana

Pinhook is a small unincorporated farming community in Guthrie Township, Lawrence County, Indiana. It consists of two churches (Pinhook Church of Christ and Pinhook Christian Church), a cemetery, and several small farms and homesteads.
Two legends describe how Pinhook got its unique name. One states that because the roads leading to it are quite curvy, they reminded people of hooked pins. The other states that the local general store, around 1900, had lost its liquor license, and in order to keep serving alcohol hooked pins around drink glasses. The proprietor would then sell these "Pin-Hooked" glasses, and throw in a drink for good measure.
# The Wedding Ring (2016 film)

The Wedding Ring (Zin'naariyâ!) is a 2016 Nigerien drama film directed by Rahmatou Keïta. It was selected as the Nigerien entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 91st Academy Awards, but it was not nominated. It was the first film to be submitted by Niger in the Foreign Language Oscar category.

## Cast

* Magaajyia Silberfeld as Tiyaa
* Salamatou Kimba Farinwata
* Harouna Amoud
* Yazi Dogo
* Ali Nuhu
* Mariam Kaba
# Pilismarót

Pilismarót is a village in Komárom-Esztergom county, Hungary. It is located on the right bank of the Danube.

## History

The history of the village goes back to the prehistoric age: precious findings turned up in its outskirts and the most significant is the Roman material of finds. The village was situated at the limes and it was called Ad Herculem. It was reckoned to be a big colony with a strong fortress and watchtowers. Later the history of the village became interwoven with the religious orders: King Béla IV donated it to the Benedictines and then King Sigismund endowed the provostship of Esztergom with it. From 1493 till the abolishment of the order it was in the possession of the Paulines. According to the tradition the stream called Malomvölgyi-patak (named after the mills of the village) was the favourite place of King Matthias for rest and feast after the huntings that started from the castle of Visegrád. The other stream in the Miklós-deák-valley was said to be frequently visited by the scribe of King Matthias.
The mansion standing among trees on the main road was built by Gusztáv Heckenast in 1860. It is a one-storey villa with wooden pillars built in romantic style. In accordance with the tradition Ferenc Deák worked out the text of the Compromise of 1867 in this mansion, however it is not proven. It is known that many outstanding people visited this place and almost every famous poets and writers of the era turned up in the villa of the printer.
The Catholic church with a frontal tower was built in 1821 in the centre of the village. The statue of the couple Dobozi can be seen on the square in front of the church. Their story says that Mihály Dobozi was escaping with his wife from the Turks who burnt their house down when his horse collapsed. In this hopeless situation Dobozi stabbed his wife at her request then he fell in the inadequate struggle too. This case is attached to the Basaharc-ridge (basaharc means struggle with a pasha).
The Calvinist church, which is the oldest building of the village, was built on the hilltop and can be seen from a great distance. Originally a catholic church built for the Paulines on a medieval base, it was put into the possession of the Calvinists in 1786 when the so-called "Hatter King" Emperor Joseph II dissolved the religious orders.
The beach of the village has been popular for long time because it has been one of the best beaches at the Hungarian reach of the Danube. It was also called the Lido of the Danube from the 1930s and summer resorts were established here.
# Josiah Preston

Josiah Preston (1885 – after 1909) was an English professional footballer born in Derby who played in the Football League for Birmingham.
Preston played for Derby Midland and Burton United before joining Birmingham in 1908. Described as "a strong and solid reserve", he was one of several full backs vying to succeed Frank Stokes and Watty Corbett, who were coming to the end of their careers. He had a run of seven games in the 1909–10 season, beginning with a 3–0 defeat at Clapton Orient on 20 November 1909, but returned to non-league football the following year with Halesowen.
# Samir Rafi

Samir Rafi (1926–2004) was an Egyptian modernist painter who combined modern style with lines inspired from Ancient Egypt. His pieces primarily represented modern Egypt and the surrounding region. He was inspired by cubism and surrealism, creating artworks both figurative and abstract.

## Biography

Samir Rafi participated to his first exhibition age 17, while he was a student of watercolour painter Shafiq Rizq. In 1944 and 1945 he takes part to the exhibitions organised by the group Art et Liberté. Samir Rafi studied at the College of Fine Arts in Cairo, where he obtained a diploma with specialisation in decorative arts in 1948. That year he joins the Contemporary Art Group movement. He then pursued a doctorate at the Sorbonne University in Paris, where he was one of André Lhote's students.
Rafi taught at the College of Fine Arts in Cairo and mounted exhibitions in Egypt. He later taught arts and history in Algiers.
One of his paintings reached the price of 87,500 GBP at a Christie's sale in 2019.

## Artworks

* Untitled, 1960, oil on canvas, 162.5 x 138 cm, sold 87,500 GPB in 2019 at Christie's
* Nus, 1945, oil on canvas, 173 x 163 cm, collection Cheikh Hassan M. A. Al Thani
* La Sorcière, 1946, oil on canvas, 77 x 46 cm, collection Nadim Elias
* Momie ressuscitée, oil on burlap laid down on panel, 1959, 215 x 68 cm, sold for 35,000 GPB in 2018 at Christie's
# Blairdenon Hill

Blairdenon Hill is a hill in the Ochil Hills range, part of the Central Lowlands of Scotland. It is the highest point on the western portion of the range. Approximately 220m west of the summit lies the site of a plane wreckage of a De Havilland DH 82 Tiger Moth which crashed on 30 August 1957 and killed the pilot, A. J. Cuthbertson - a small, white cross stand at the site in memoriam.
# List of islands by name (J)

This article features a list of islands sorted by their name beginning with the letter J.

## List of islands by name

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
| Island's name | Island group(s) | Country/Countries |
| Jack | Washington | United States |
| Jacks | Allegheny River, Pennsylvania | United States |
| Jackson | Franz Josef Land | Russia |
| Jackson | Mississippi River, Iowa | United States |
| Jaluit Atoll | | Marshall Islands |
| Jamaica | Greater Antilles | Jamaica |
| Jamestown | James River, Virginia | United States |
| Jan Mayen | | Norway |
| Java | Sunda Arc | Indonesia |
| Jef Fam Group | Raja Ampat Islands | Indonesia |
| Jegindø | The Limfjord | Denmark |
| Jeju | | South Korea |
| Jemo | | Marshall Islands |
| Jersey | Channel Islands | Crown dependency |
| Jethou | Channel Islands | Crown dependency |
| Jintang | Zhoushan Archipelago | China |
| Joes | Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire | United States |
| Johns | San Juan Islands, Washington | United States |
| Johnson | Missouri River, Missouri | United States |
| Johnson | French Broad River, Tennessee | United States |
| Jones | Missouri River, South Dakota | United States |
| Jonobi | Persian Gulf | Iran |
| Juananga | Juan Fernández Islands | Chile |
| Just Enough Room | Thousand Islands | Canada |
| Juist | East Frisian Islands | Germany |
| Jura | Inner Hebrides | Scotland |
| Juromenha | Alentejo islands | Portugal |
# Joti Saroop

Joti Saroop (born 1927) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Hathras, Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Republican Party of India.
# Jothi Agaval

Jothi Agaval - The Call Divine is a poem by Ramalinga Swamigal (Vallalar).
Thiru Arutprakasa wrote about it in 1874.
# Cubanops

Cubanops is a genus of Caribbean araneomorph spiders in the family Caponiidae first described by A. Sánchez-Ruiz, Norman I. Platnick & N. Dupérré in 2010. These spiders are wandering hunters, generally found at ground level, under stones, in leaf litter or in the soil, and have only been found in the West Indies.

## Description

They are a distinctive group of relatively small spiders, growing from 4 to 10 millimetres (0.16 to 0.39 in) in body length, and are very difficult to find in nature. Although specimens have only been recorded from the Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola, a few female juvenile specimens sharing the somatic characters of the genus have been taken from Saint John Parish, Antigua and Barbuda, suggesting that Cubanops probably also occurs in Puerto Rico as well as the Virgin Islands.
These spiders have tarsi that are subsegmented as well as a ventral translucent keel on their anterior metatarsi. They also have a translucent membrane connecting the anterior metatarsi and tarsi similar to those found in Nops, Orthonops, and Tarsonops. Species of Cubanops can be distinguished from species of Nops by the lack of a dorsally extended inferior claw found in Nops species. They can be distinguished from members of Orthonops and Tarsonops by the distinct chevron patterns on their carapace, their widened labium, and a bisegmented fourth metatarsi.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains twelve species:
* Cubanops alayoni Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops andersoni Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Bahama Is.
* Cubanops armasi Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops bimini Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Bahama Is.
* Cubanops darlingtoni (Bryant, 1948) – Hispaniola
* Cubanops granpiedra Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops juragua Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops ludovicorum (Alayón, 1976) (type) – Cuba
* Cubanops luquillo Sánchez-Ruiz, Brescovit & Alayón, 2015 – Puerto Rico
* Cubanops terueli Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops tortuguilla Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Cuba
* Cubanops vega Sánchez-Ruiz, Platnick & Dupérré, 2010 – Hispaniola

## Gallery

* Cubanops ludovicorum Alayon, female
* Cubanops terueli Sánchez-Ruiz et al., male and female
* Cubanops tortuguilla Sánchez-Ruiz et al., female
* Cubanops granpiedra Sánchez-Ruiz et al., internal genitalia
* Cubanops granpiedra Sánchez-Ruiz et al., male palp
* Cubanops darlingtoni Bryant, female
* Cubanops darlingtoni Bryant, sternum
# Joti

Joti or JOTI may refer to:
* Jamboree on the Internet, an international Scouting activity
* Jyoti swarupini, a rāgam in Carnatic music
# Cucullia florea

Cucullia florea, the gray hooded owlet, is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae (the owlet moths). It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Cucullia florea is 10197.
# Juan Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, 3rd Duke of Medina Sidonia

Don Juan Alonso Pérez de Guzmán y Afán de Ribera, 3rd Duke of Medina Sidonia (February 1464 – 1507) inherited the title in 1492, aged 28. In 1502, as Gibraltar was transferred to the Crown, the Marquisate of Gibraltar disappeared.
His mother is known as Leonor de Mendoza y Ribera, although he was known by using as his second name "Afan de Ribera". This could be because his mother was a Mendoza, and it was not unknown for women and ecclesiastics to use the name of their mother, in spite of her father being an "Afan de Ribera".
He married twice, being the father of the 4th, 5th and 6th Duke. Among his children were:
* Enrique Pérez de Guzmán, 4th Duke of Medina Sidonia, married, no issue
* Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 5th Duke of Medina Sidonia, declared incapacitated
* Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 6th Duke of Medina Sidonia, married
* Leonor Pérez de Guzmán y Pérez de Guzmán, married Jaime I, Duke of Braganza, the most powerful noble in all of Portugal, and one of the most powerful nobles in all of Iberia
Spanish nobility :
| Preceded byEnrique de Guzmán | Duke of Medina Sidonia 1492–1507 | Succeeded byEnrique Pérez de Guzmán |
* This biographical article of a European noble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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