OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hadamard test

In quantum computation, the Hadamard test is a method used to create a random variable whose expected value is the expected real part $\mathrm {Re} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle$, where $|\psi \rangle$ is a quantum state and $U$ is a unitary gate acting on the space of $|\psi \rangle$. The Hadamard test produces a random variable whose image is in $\{\pm 1\}$ and whose expected value is exactly $\mathrm {Re} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle$. It is possible to modify the circuit to produce a random variable whose expected value is $\mathrm {Im} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle$ by applying an $S^{\dagger }$ gate after the first Hadamard gate.

## Description of the circuit

To perform the Hadamard test we first calculate the state ${\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}}\left(\left|0\right\rangle +\left|1\right\rangle \right)\otimes \left|\psi \right\rangle$. We then apply the unitary operator on $\left|\psi \right\rangle$ conditioned on the first qubit to obtain the state ${\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}}\left(\left|0\right\rangle \otimes \left|\psi \right\rangle +\left|1\right\rangle \otimes U\left|\psi \right\rangle \right)$. We then apply the Hadamard gate to the first qubit, yielding ${\frac {1}{2}}\left(\left|0\right\rangle \otimes (I+U)\left|\psi \right\rangle +\left|1\right\rangle \otimes (I-U)\left|\psi \right\rangle \right)$.
Measuring the first qubit, the result is $\left|0\right\rangle$ with probability ${\frac {1}{4}}\langle \psi |(I+U^{\dagger })(I+U)|\psi \rangle$, in which case we output $1$. The result is $\left|1\right\rangle$ with probability ${\frac {1}{4}}\langle \psi |(I-U^{\dagger })(I-U)|\psi \rangle$, in which case we output $-1$. The expected value of the output will then be the difference between the two probabilities, which is ${\frac {1}{2}}\langle \psi |(U^{\dagger }+U)|\psi \rangle =\mathrm {Re} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle$
To obtain a random variable whose expectation is $\mathrm {Im} \langle \psi |U|\psi \rangle$ follow exactly the same procedure but start with ${\frac {1}{\sqrt {2}}}\left(\left|0\right\rangle -i\left|1\right\rangle \right)\otimes \left|\psi \right\rangle$.
The Hadamard test has many applications in quantum algorithms such as the Aharonov-Jones-Landau algorithm. Via a very simple modification it can be used to compute inner product between two states $|\phi _{1}\rangle$ and $|\phi _{2}\rangle$: instead of starting from a state $|\psi \rangle$ it suffice to start from the ground state $|0\rangle$, and perform two controlled operations on the ancilla qubit. Controlled on the ancilla register being $|0\rangle$, we apply the unitary that produces $|\phi _{1}\rangle$ in the second register, and controlled on the ancilla register being in the state $|1\rangle$, we create $|\phi _{2}\rangle$ in the second register. The expected value of the measurements of the ancilla qubits leads to an estimate of $\langle \phi _{1}|\phi _{2}\rangle$. The number of samples needed to estimate the expected value with absolute error $\epsilon$ is $O\left({\frac {1}{\epsilon ^{2}}}\right)$, because of a Chernoff bound. This value can be improved to $O\left({\frac {1}{\epsilon }}\right)$ using amplitude estimation techniques.
# Conchoderma

Conchoderma is a genus of goose barnacles in the family Lepadidae.
# Virgen del Pino

The Virgen del Pino (or "Virgin of the Pine") is a Marian dedication venerated in Teror, Spain. The virgin was declared patroness of the Gran Canaria.
The story of Nuestra Señora del Pino (Our Lady of the Pine) is as follows. At the site of the present-day Basilica, the image of the virgin herself is said to have appeared in a pine tree on 8 September 1492 to the first Bishop of Gran Canaria, Juan Frías. Said to possess healing qualities, Nuestra Señora del Pino has become the patron saint of the island. On the steps outside the Basilica it is possible to buy wax models of every part of the human body that can be offered for healing. The figure itself is extraordinary. It is said that one side of the face is smiling and the other side is sad. The figure is bedecked with jewels, although not as many as there were before the robbery in 1975.
# Jessie Street National Women's Library

The Jessie Street National Women's Library is a specialist library that collects, preserves, and promotes the awareness of the literary and cultural heritage of Australian women.

## History

In response to the difficulty of locating material about the experiences and issues relating to women in Australia, Shirley Jones and Lenore Coltheart developed the concept of a women's library. The objectives of the Library are "to heighten awareness of women's issues; to preserve documents on women's lives and activities; to support the field of women's history and to highlight women's contribution to this country's development." A committee was established and the Jessie Street Women's Library Association held an inaugural Annual General Meeting in August 1989.
The Library's patrons include Jessie Street's son Sir Laurence Street, the Hon Elizabeth Evatt AC, and poets, Judith Wright and Oodgeroo Noonuccal.
The Library is currently staffed by volunteers and located in the Ultimo Community Centre, a venue provided by the City of Sydney Council.

### In memory of Jessie Street

Jessie Street (1889 – 1970) fought hard for many years as an advocate for women's rights in Australia. She was a key figure in Australian political life for over 50 years, well known for campaigning for human rights and women's issues. In 1945 at the founding of the United Nations she was the only female Australian delegate. In 1967 she initiated a successful amendment to the Australian constitution to remove discriminatory references to Aborigines.

## Collections

The collections include archives of the papers of Australian women's organisations, the personal papers and letters, diaries and journals of Australian women and also audio recordings of interviews. Many of the books and personal archives in the collection have been donated, including 500 books donated from the estate of feminist Eva Maria and a collection of 110 books by or about Virginia Woolf. One source reports that it is Australia's largest collection of feminist posters.
In 1993 the former Canberra Women's Archive was donated to the collection.
The library contains an archival collection of documents relating to the Louisa Lawson House, a mental healthcare centre for women that operated from 1982 to 1994.
# Case Brown

Case Brown (German: Fall Braun) refer to German military plans in 1940 and 1945 during World War II.

## 1940

In 1940 Fall Braun was the name for the military plan for the German occupation of France (1940). It consisted of German-Italian engagement along the German-French border with the intention of breaking through into France and the advancement along the French-Swiss border of the Rhône. In order to carry out the intended plan, Adolf Hitler met with the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini on 18 May 1940 in Brenner Pass, Tirol to suggest the deployment of around 20 Italian divisions in southern Germany. The relocation of troops was estimated to take between 20 and 25 days.
Fall Braun was not carried out, due to the start of Fall Gelb (English: Case Yellow) on 10 May 1940, which resulted in the occupation of Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Belgium by the German Armed Forces. By the beginning of June 1940, Fall Gelb had run its course and the north of France had also fallen into German hands. From this point, the newly planned Fall Rot (Case Red) was to take place, involving the occupation of central France from the north. From 5 June 1940, Fall Rot was successfully carried out, during which a severely attenuated variation of Fall Braun took place using only German troops. For this campaign, Army Group C was deployed, Fall Rot contrastingly having been completed by Army Groups A and B. Army Group C was successful in breaking through the main French line of defense, the Maginot Line. With the cease fire of 25 June 1940, all fighting was stopped.

## 1945 plan

Fall Braun also refers to a German support operation during the Battle of the Bulge (1944/1945).
# Delicias de Concepción

Delicias de Concepción is a municipality in the Morazán department of El Salvador.
13°47′N 88°8′W﻿ / ﻿13.783°N 88.133°W﻿ / 13.783; -88.133
* This El Salvador location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Angelo Mariani

Angelo Mariani may refer to:
* Angelo Mariani (conductor) (1821–1873), Italian conductor
* Angelo Mariani (chemist) (1838–1914), French chemist
# Arthur Broughton

Arthur Broughton (c. 1758–1796) was an English botanist.
Broughton took the degree of doctor in medicine at Edinburgh in 1779, then published a volume of brief diagnoses of British plants anonymously, and subsequently settled in Jamaica, where he died in 1796, judging from certain notes in Wiles's edition of the Hortus Eastensis. His name is preserved in the genus of orchids named Broughtonia by Robert Brown.
# Snowy-throated kingbird

The snowy-throated kingbird (Tyrannus niveigularis) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
# Cardiff Crockherbtown railway station

Cardiff Crockherbtown was a railway station in the area then known as Crockherbtown in central Cardiff, and was the main Cardiff station of the Rhymney Railway. It was opened on 1 April 1871 when the Rhymney Railway opened its own route into Cardiff from Caerphilly, it replaced the nearby Adam Street station, and consisted of two through platforms and a bay. The station was built a short distance north-east of Cardiff Queen Street station of the Taff Vale Railway. In 1888 the station was renamed Cardiff (Rhymney). Passenger returns from 1920 show that 800,000 passengers were using the station per annum. In 1922, the Rhymney Railway and Taff Vale Railways became part of the Great Western Railway (GWR), and in 1924 the station was renamed again to Cardiff Parade.
As both the Rhymney and Taff Vale companies were under unified ownership and there was no longer any rivalry, or need for two stations in close proximity, on 15 April 1928 the GWR opened a new connection south of the station connecting the Rhymney Railway to the former Taff Vale Railway, this allowed Parade station to be closed, and all of its services diverted into an enlarged Cardiff Queen Street station. The final remains of Parade station were demolished in 1989.
# Conchocarpus

Conchocarpus is a plant genus in the family Rutaceae.

## species

* Conchocarpus acuminatus
* Conchocarpus adenantherus
* Conchocarpus bellus
* Conchocarpus cauliflorus
* Conchocarpus concinnus
* Conchocarpus cuneifolius
* Conchocarpus cyrtanthus
* Conchocarpus dasyanthus
* Conchocarpus diadematus
* Conchocarpus elegans
* Conchocarpus fanshawei
* Conchocarpus fissicalyx
* Conchocarpus fontanesianus
* Conchocarpus furcatus
* Conchocarpus gaudichaudianus
* Conchocarpus grandiflorus
* Conchocarpus grandis
* Conchocarpus guyanensis
* Conchocarpus heterophyllus
* Conchocarpus hirsutus
* Conchocarpus inopinatus
* Conchocarpus insignis
* Conchocarpus jirajaranus Kallunki & W. Meier
* Conchocarpus larensis
* Conchocarpus longifolius
* Conchocarpus longipes
* Conchocarpus macrocarpus
* Conchocarpus macrophyllus
* Conchocarpus marginatus
* Conchocarpus mastigophorus
* Conchocarpus modestus
* Conchocarpus nicaraguensis
* Conchocarpus obovatus
* Conchocarpus odoratissimus
* Conchocarpus oppositifolius
* Conchocarpus ovatus
* Conchocarpus paniculatus
* Conchocarpus pentandrus
* Conchocarpus punctatus
* Conchocarpus ramiflorus
* Conchocarpus santosii
* Conchocarpus silvestris
* Conchocarpus sordidus
* Conchocarpus toxicarius
* Conchocarpus transitionalis
* Conchocarpus ucayalinus
# Sinai Disengagement Agreements

Sinai Disengagement Agreements may refer to one of the following:
* Sinai Interim Agreement of 1975
* Israel-Egypt Disengagement Treaty of 1974
These agreements were concluded in the wake of the Yom Kippur War, as a gradual Israeli–Egyptian peace process was launched.
# Jessie Tait

Dorothy Jessie Tait (6 March 1928 – 14 January 2010) was a prolific English ceramic designer working in the Stoke-on-Trent pottery industries, most prominently for Midwinter, from the 1940s to the 1980s.

## Life and work

Born in Stoke-on-Trent, Tait studied at the Burslem School of Art. She first worked as a junior designer to Charlotte Rhead, and then as designer for the Midwinter Pottery between 1946 and 1974. The Midwinter Pottery was taken over by J. & G. Meakin in 1968, and again by Wedgwood in 1970. Jessie Tait moved from Midwinter to Johnson Brothers, another part of the Wedgwood group, and retired in the early 1990s.
Many of her designs were mass-produced by the Midwinter Pottery on dinner services, and tea and coffee sets. In the 1950s these were hand painted, and well known designs included 'Red Domino' and 'Zambesi'. Her style was often detailed and geometric, making an effective transition to transfer printed wares, with 'Spanish Garden' and a range of designs on the Stonehenge shape in the 1970s continuing her success.
Midwinter produced a series of Jessie Tait vases and beakers with tube-lined decoration. Tait also worked at home in the evenings, making intricate tube-lined wares on terracotta bodies for friends and family. She also designed for the Clayburn Pottery.
Like other Potteries-based ceramic designers such as Clarice Cliff, Susie Cooper and Charlotte Rhead, her work has become highly sought after and valued by pottery collectors.

## Gallery

* Jessie Tait tube lined vase, dated 1957
* Vases and a beaker by Jessie Tait for Midwinter Pottery
# Castellino

Castellino may refer to:
* Castellino del Biferno, a commune in Italy
* Castellino Tanaro, a commune in Italy
* Castellino Castello (1580–1649), Italian painter
* Alexandre Castellino (1881–?), Swiss racing cyclist
# Los legionarios

Los legionarios ("The Legionnaires") is a 1958 Mexican comedy film directed by Agustín P. Delgado and produced by Miguel Zacarías. It stars María Antonieta Pons and Marco Antonio Campos and Gaspar Henaine as Viruta y Capulina.

## Cast

* María Antonieta Pons as Sheila
* Marco Antonio Campos as Legionnaire Viruta (as Viruta)
* Gaspar Henaine as Legionnaire Capulina (as Capulina)
* Luis Lomelí as Prince Omar
* Vicky Codina as Farida (as Bárbara Codina)
* Donna Behar as Harem Singer
* Pedro de Aguillón as The Sheik
* Marc Lambert as Legionnaire Sergeant
* Jorge Alzaga as Abdulah
* Jenny Duina as Odalisque
* Emma Grise as Odalisque (as Emma Grisse)
# R.B.K. Okafor

Raphael Ben Kechi Okafor was a Nigerian politician and businessman who was a member of the Federal House of Representatives, representing Owerri-West during Nigeria's First Republic. He was a member of the Zikist movement and was a former Federal Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Trade and later that of the Ministry of Justice. He was briefly the Federal Minister of Trade in January 1966 before a coup brought to an end the First Republic. After the coup and during the Biafran War, he was involved in raising funds for the Biafran army. In the 1970s, he became a clearing and forwarding agent trading under the business name of Continental Lines (Africa) Ltd.
Okafor was the Imo State chairman of the Nigerian People's Party in the Second Republic, and also served as Deputy Chairman of the party. He was also known for confirming the death of Nnamdi Azikiwe which turned out to be a hoax.
# Arthur Brown

Arthur Brown may refer to:

## Entertainment

* Arthur William Brown (1881–1966), Canadian commercial artist
* H. Arthur Brown (1906–1992), American orchestral conductor
* Arthur Brown (musician) (born 1942), English rock singer
* Arthur Brown, aka Cluemaster, comic-book supervillain

## Football

* Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1858) (1858–1909), English international football for Aston Villa, 1870s–1880s
* Albert Brown (footballer, born 1862) (1862–1930), English footballer for Aston Villa, 1880s–1890s – brother of the above and sometimes misidentified as Arthur
* Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1885) (1885–1944), English international footballer for Sheffield United and Sunderland
* Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1888) (1888–?), English football goalkeeper for Portsmouth and Southampton
* Arthur Brown (footballer, born 1903) (1903–1971), Welsh international goalkeeper for Aberdare, Reading, and Crewe Alexandra
* Arthur Brown (New Zealand footballer), New Zealand international footballer
* Arthur M. Brown (1884–1980), American college football coach
* Arthur Brown (American football) (born 1990), American football player
* Arthur Brown (rugby union) (born 1949), Scotland international rugby union player

## Military

* Arthur Tillotson Brown (1878–1942), last captain of the first RMS Mauretania
* Arthur Whitten Brown (1886–1948), Scottish aviator
* Roy Brown (RAF officer) (Arthur Roy Brown, 1893–1944), Canadian WWI fighter ace
* Arthur E. Brown Jr. (born 1929), U.S. Army general

## Politics

* Arthur Brown (American politician) (1843–1906), American senator from Utah
* Arthur Winton Brown (1856–1916), New Zealand politician
* Arthur Bruce Brown (1911–1975), Canadian politician in British Columbia
* Arthur J. Brown (1901–?), Toronto politician

## Other

* Arthur Brown (engineer) (1851–1935), City Engineer, Nottingham
* Arthur Lewis Brown (1854–1928), American federal judge
* Arthur Judson Brown (1856–1963), American minister and missionary
* Arthur Brown Jr. (1874–1957), American architect
* Arthur T. Brown (1900–1993), American architect
* Arthur Stanley Brown (1912–2002), Australian suspect in a 1970 rape and murder case
* Arthur Graham Brown (1919–1982), Australian amateur ornithologist
* Arthur Brown (bishop) (1926–2011), Canadian suffragan bishop
* Arthur Brown (economist) (1914–2003), English economist
* Arthur Brown, an alias of Nicholas Alahverdian (born 1987), American convicted sex offender who faked his death
* Arthur "Squirt" Brown Jr. (1970–2023), American murderer and perpetrator of the Brownstone Lane murders
# C19H19NO4

The molecular formula C$_{19}$H$_{19}$NO$_4$ (molar mass: 325.35 g/mol, exact mass: 325.131408 u) may refer to:
* Amurensine, an alkaloid found in some Papaver species
* Bulbocapnine, an alkaloid
* Cheilanthifoline, an alkaloid found in Corydalis dubia
* Domesticine
* Ro67-4853
# Wesley Sutton

Wesley Malik Sutton (born February 9, 1996) is an American professional football defensive back for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

## College career

Sutton played college football for the Northern Arizona Lumberjacks from 2014 to 2018. He played in 42 games where he had 96 solo tackles, 56 assisted tackles, six interceptions, and one forced fumble.

## Professional career

Sutton was not selected in the 2019 NFL draft and was invited to rookie camp with the Philadelphia Eagles, but was not signed.

### New York Guardians

After not playing football in 2019, Sutton signed with the New York Guardians ahead of the 2020 season. After making the gameday roster, he made his professional debut on February 9, 2020, against the Tampa Bay Vipers, where he had two sacks and a tackle for a loss. He had his contract terminated when the league suspended operations on April 10, 2020.

### Montreal Alouettes

On March 22, 2021, it was announced that Sutton had signed with the Montreal Alouettes. He made the team's active roster following training camp and played in his first CFL game on August 14, 2021, against the Edmonton Elks where he had four defensive tackles. In the following game, on August 20, 2021, he recorded his first career interception on a pass from Jake Maier in a game against the Calgary Stampeders. After a promising start with two games played, Sutton spent the rest of the 2021 season on the injured list.
To begin the 2022 season, Sutton was named a starter at cornerback. In game 2, he moved to halfback where he also played through to the fourth game of the season. However, he struggled in the first game under new defensive coordinator, Noel Thorpe, in the fifth game of the season, where he committed three pass interference penalties for 108 yards in the loss to the Edmonton Elks. After retaining his starting position, he had an interception in week 9 against the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, the second of his career. In the following week, on August 11, 2022, he recorded the first two sacks and first forced fumble of his CFL career, along with five defensive tackles and one pass knockdown, in the win against the Blue Bombers and was named a CFL Top Performer that week. He finished the year having played in all 18 regular season games where he had 79 defensive tackles, one special teams tackle, four sacks, one interception, and two forced fumbles. He was named an East Division All-Star at the end of the year. Sutton and the Als agreed to a two-year contract extension on January 23, 2023.

## Personal life

Sutton was born to parents Marc and Theresa Sutton and has one sibling, Alyssa.
# Pershiaan Zanjan F.C.

Pershiaan Zanjan Football Club is an Iranian football club based in Zanjan, Iran.

## Season-by-Season

The table below shows the achievements of the club in various competitions.
| Season | League | Position | Hazfi Cup | Notes |
| 2011-12 | 2nd Division | | 1st Round | |
# Conchocometa

Conchocometa was a genus of moth in the family Geometridae. It is now considered a synonym of Anisodes.
# R v Dersch

R v Dersch, [1993] 3 S.C.R. 768 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the right against unreasonable search and seizure under section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Court held that sharing of personal information of patients, such as blood test results, between health care professionals or law enforcement violates section 8 of the Charter and should be excluded under section 24(2).

## Background

In the evening of October 7, 1987, Wilfred Dersch was driving near Duncan, British Columbia. His car swerved into oncoming traffic and caused an accident, killing the other driver. When the police arrived Dersch refused the breathalyzer. The police noticed that his eyes were glazed and he appeared intoxicated. He was taken to the hospital where the doctor tried to give him an intravenous line which he resisted. Eventually he passed out and the intravenous was given and a blood sample was taken. The doctor tested the blood for alcohol content as it was necessary for treatment.
The police requested a blood sample from Dersch who refused. The police then asked for the medical report which the doctor gave them. It revealed that he was intoxicated at the time of treatment. Later, the police obtained a warrant to seize the blood sample.
At trial the judge found that there was no violation of section 8 as the blood sample was taken for medically necessary reasons. The decision was upheld in the British Columbia Court of Appeal.
The issues before the Supreme Court were:
* whether the doctors and hospital were subject to the Charter.
* whether the police's conduct violated section 8 and if so whether it was saved under section 1.
* if a violation is found whether the evidence could be excluded under section 24(2).
The Court found that the doctor and hospital were not subject to the Charter. It was also found that the police's conduct was in violation of section 8, was not justified under section 1, and that the evidence should be excluded under section 24(2).
# Shack (surname)

Shack is the surname of:
* Eddie Shack (1937–2020), Canadian retired National Hockey League player
* Joe Shack (1915–1987), Canadian National Hockey League player
* Peter Shack (born 1953), Australian retired politician
* Ruth Shack (born 1931), American human rights activist
# Anisopodus consimilis

Anisopodus consimilis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae that was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1922.