# Andrew Gelman

Andrew Eric Gelman (born February 11, 1965) is an American statistician and professor of statistics and political science at Columbia University.
Gelman received bachelor of science degrees in mathematics and in physics from MIT, where he was a National Merit Scholar, in 1986. He then received a master of science in 1987 and a doctor of philosophy in 1990, both in statistics from Harvard University, under the supervision of Donald Rubin.

## Career

Gelman is the Higgins Professor of Statistics and Professor of Political Science and the Director of the Applied Statistics Center at Columbia University. He is a major contributor to statistical philosophy and methods especially in Bayesian statistics and hierarchical models.
He is one of the leaders of the development of the statistical programming framework Stan.

### Perspective on Statistical Inference and Hypothesis Testing

Gelman's approach to statistical inference emphasizes studying variation and the associations between data, rather than searching for statistical significance.
Gelman says his approach to hypothesis testing is "(nearly) the opposite of the conventional view" of what is typical for statistical inference. While the standard approach may be seen as having the goal of rejecting a null hypothesis, Gelman argues that you can't learn much from a rejection. On the other hand, a non-rejection tells you something: "[it] tells you that your study is noisy, that you don't have enough information in your study to identify what you care about—even if the study is done perfectly, even if measurements are unbiased and your sample is representative of your population, etc. That can be some useful knowledge, it means you're off the hook trying to explain some pattern that might just be noise." Gelman also works within the context of larger confirmationist and falsificationist paradigms of science.
Gelman's approach to statistical inference is a major recurring theme of his work.

## Popular press

Gelman is notable for his efforts to make political science and statistics more accessible to journalists and to the public. He was one of the primary authors of "The Monkey Cage", blog published by The Washington Post. The blog is dedicated to providing informed commentary on politics and making political science more accessible.
Gelman also keeps his own blog which deals with statistical practices in social science. He frequently writes about Bayesian statistics, displaying data, and interesting trends in social science. According to The New York Times, on the blog "he posts his thoughts on best statistical practices in the sciences, with a frequent emphasis on what he sees as the absurd and unscientific... He is respected enough that his posts are well read; he is cutting enough that many of his critiques are enjoyed with a strong sense of schadenfreude."
Gelman is a prominent critic of poor methodological work and he identifies such work as contributing to the replication crisis.

## Honors

He has received the Outstanding Statistical Application award from the American Statistical Association three times, in 1998, 2000, and 2008. He is an elected fellow of the American Statistical Association and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. He was elected fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS) in 2020.

## Personal life

Gelman married Caroline Rosenthal in 2002 and has three children. The psychologist Susan Gelman is his older sister and cartoonist Woody Gelman was his uncle.
Gelman is a participant in Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth.