OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yodha Ela

Yoda Ela (Giant Canal) or Jaya Ganga, an 87 km (54 mi) long single banking water canal carrying excess water to Tissa Wewa reservoir from Kala Wewa reservoir in Anuradhapura. The Yodha Ela is known for achieving a rather low gradient for its time. The gradient is about 10 centimetres per kilometre or 6 inches per mile.

## Construction

Yodha Ela was constructed during King Dhatusena's reign in 459 AD. It is 87 km (54 mi) long. It is a trans-basin diversion canal transferring water from Kala Oya Basin to Malwathu Oya Basin. It has a gradient of the order of 0.32 m (1.0 ft) drop along 1.61 km (1.00 mi). Even with modern day survey equipment it would be difficult to achieve such accuracy.
Yodha Ela not only feeds Tissa Wewa, but also the nearby Abhaya Wewa and Nuwara Wewa. A separate branch of the canal has then already brought water to the Nachchaduwa wewa.
King Parakramabahu who reigned the country from 1153 to 1186, expanded the area that contributed to the water in the canal by connecting more reservoirs to the network between Kala Wawa and Thissa Wawa. He then renamed it Jaya Ganga (River of Victory).

## Functions

Yodha Ela functions in a way of a moving reservoir because of its single banking aspect which is different from the present day double banking irrigation canals'. It feeds water in an area of 470 km$^2$ (180 sq mi) feeding 4,630 ha (11,400 acres) of paddy lands and 120 small tanks on its way from Kala Wewa to Tissa Wewa
# Chinapenetretus

Chinapenetretus is a genus of ground beetles in the family Carabidae. There are about nine described species in Chinapenetretus, found in China.

## Species

These nine species belong to the genus Chinapenetretus:
* Chinapenetretus cangensis Zamotajlov, 2002
* Chinapenetretus impexus Zamotajlov & Sciaky, 1999
* Chinapenetretus impressus Zamotajlov & Sciaky, 1999
* Chinapenetretus kryzhanovskii Zamotajlov & Sciaky, 1999
* Chinapenetretus potanini (Kurnakov, 1963)
* Chinapenetretus reticulatus (Zamotajlov, 1990)
* Chinapenetretus salebrosus Zamotajlov & Sciaky, 1999
* Chinapenetretus wittmeri Zamotajlov & Sciaky, 1999
* Chinapenetretus yunnanus (Fairmaire, 1886)
# Chip creep

Chip creep refers to the problem of an integrated circuit (chip) working its way out of its socket over time. This was mainly an issue in early PCs.
Chip creep occurs due to thermal expansion, which is expansion and contraction as the system heats up and cools down. It can also occur due to vibration. While chip creep was most common with older memory modules, it was also a problem with CPUs and other main chips that were inserted into sockets. An example is the Apple III, where its CPU would be dislodged and the user would need to reseat the chips.
To fix chip creep, users of older systems would often have to remove the case cover and push the loose chip back into the socket. Today's computer systems are not as affected by chip creep, since chips are more securely held, either by various types of retainer clips or by being soldered into place, and since system cooling has improved.
# Richard Nanula

Richard D. Nanula was chief financial officer of Amgen Inc. and The Walt Disney Company, chief operating officer of Starwood, and chief executive officer of Broadband Sports. While a principal at Colony Capital, he resigned amid a sex scandal. He is currently the chief executive officer of Lucy Scientific Discovery Inc..

## Early life

Nanula was born to an African American mother and an Italian father. He grew up in Pasadena, California and attended the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he received a bachelor's degree in economics in 1982. He graduated from Harvard Business School in 1986, where he received his M.B.A. He later became a certified public accountant.

## Career

Nanula held a variety of executive positions at the Walt Disney Company from 1986 until 1998, including senior executive vice president, chief financial officer (1991-1995, 1996–1997) and president of Disney Stores Worldwide (1995-1996). He served as president and chief operating officer for Starwood in New York from 1998 until 1999, then chairman and chief executive officer at Broadband Sports from 1999 until 2001.
Nanula served as executive vice president of Amgen Inc. in May 2001 and was appointed chief financial officer in August 2001. On April 10, 2007, Amgen announced that he would be resigning from his position "to pursue other opportunities." On May 4, 2007, it was announced that Nanula resigned from the Boeing Company's board of directors, where he had served since January 2005.
Announced in January 2008, Nanula joined Colony Capital, LLC, and was responsible for the firm's global operations, with a special focus on operating company transactions. Nanula resigned from Colony in July 2013 amid allegations of a sex scandal that involved porn stars Trinity St. Clair and Samantha Saint.
As of at least February 2021, he is the CEO of PureForm Global, a manufacturer of cannabinoids.
In July of 2023, Lucy Scientific Discovery Inc. announced that Nanula had been appointed its CEO and that he would "retain his Chairman role".

## Personal life

Nanula married Tracey Hart, whom he met at Disney, in 1995. They have three children together. In 2005, Hart filed for divorce.
# Tabla (disambiguation)

Tabla is a percussion instrument from the Indian subcontinent.
Tabla may also refer to:
* Tabla!, an English language newspaper in Singapore
* Tabla language, from Papua
* Tabla Nani, Indian actor
* Ballou Tabla (born 1999), Canadian soccer player
# Tabla Nani

Tabla Nani is an Indian theatre and film actor who works primarily in Kannada cinema. He began his career as a supporting actor in the 2006 Kannada film Mata. His 2009 film Eddelu Manjunatha was positively reviewed.

## Career

A theatre actor, Nani began his film career with the 2006 Kannada film Mata. He was positively reviewed in the 2009 film, Eddelu Manjunatha and Rambo (2012). His film Akka Pakka was also positively reviewed.

## Partial filmography

* Mata (2006) - Venugopal
* Eddelu Manjunatha (2009) - Nani
* Vaare Vah (2010)
* Sanju Weds Geetha (2011)
* Kaanchana (2011) - Manja
* Maduve Mane (2011)
* Hudugaru (2011)
* 90 (2011)
* Lucky (2012)
* Addhuri (2012)
* Rambo (2012) - Prem Kumar
* Myna (2013)
* Akka Pakka (2013) - Bhuvan (Bukka)
* Ale (2013)
* Victory (2013) - Choornaananda
* Shathru (2013 film) (2013)
* Sweety Nanna Jodi (2013)
* Bhajarangi (2013)
* Devarane (2013)
* Director's Special (2013)
* Jeethu (2013)
* Rangan Style (2014)
* Chathurbhuja (2014)
* Huchudugaru (2014)
* Love Show (2014)
* Bahaddur (2014)
* Raja Rajendra (2015)
* Endendigu (2015)
* Ranna (2015) - Gowtham PA 1
* Bullet Basya (2015)
* Khaidi (2015)
* Mrugashira (2015)
* Patharagitthi (2015)
* Kotigobba 2 / Mudinja Ivana Pudi (2016)
* Mungaru Male 2 (2016)
* Mukunda Murari (2016) - Tabla Nani
* Beautiful Manasugalu (2017)
* Raaga (2017)
* Tiger (2017)
* Vaira (2017) - Ramayya
* Samyuktha 2 (2017) - Lecturer
* Nan Magale Heroine (2017)
* Chowka (2017)
* Jilebi (2017)
* Devrantha Manushya (2018)
* Krishna Tulasi (2018) - Cheluvarayaswamy
* Dhwaja (2018)
* Bhootayyana Mommaga Ayyu (2018)
* Victory 2 (2018)
* Raambo 2 (2018)
* Kismath (2018)
* Chemistry Of Kariyappa (2019)
* Ammana Mane (2019)
* Gara (2019)
* Vyuha (2019)
* Ellidde Illi Tanaka (2019)
* Mane Maratakkide (2019)
* Kalidasa Kannada Meshtru (2019)
* Damayanthi (2019)
* Navelru... Half Boiled (2019)
* Odeya (2019)
* Chemistry of Kariyappa (2019)
* Ommomme (2020)
* Kotigobba 3 (2020)
* Nan Hesaru Kishora Yel Pass Yentu (2021)
* Wheelchair Romeo (2022) as Autoshankar
* Mata (2022)
* Appa I Love You (2024)
# Yiannis Karousos

Yiannis Karousos (born 21 November 1979) is a Cypriot politician who served as Minister of Transport, Communications & Works in the Cabinet of Cyprus between 2019 and 2023. He previously served as previously served as Mayor of Ayia Napa from 2013 to 2019.
He graduated from the University of Surrey with a BSc in International Hospitality & Tourism Management in 2002, and with an MBA from ESSEC Business School & Cornell University in 2005.
# Chinturu mandal

Chintoor or Chinturu is a mandal in Alluri Sitharama Raju district of the Indian state Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Rampachodavaram revenue division.

## Geography

Chinturu has an average elevation of 35 metres (115 ft). Geo Coordinates: 17° 44' N 81° 23' E. Chinturu is situated besides river Sabari. Sabari is sub river of Godavari river.
# Tactics School (Canada)

The Canadian Army Tactics School supports the training and education of Army and other Canadian Armed Forces personnel by providing formal courses, learning support, and Counter-Improvised Explosive Devices and other Centre of Excellence expertise. The Tactics School is focussed on developing the Army's future leaders. Much of the school's curriculum revolves around command and employment of a combat team. The Tactics School also holds the Canadian Army Learning Support Centre which "was created to help the Army modernize its training methods [and] includes everything from hyper-realistic computer simulations to purpose-built models turned out using three dimensional printers". Unique amongst Canadian Army training establishments, the School has a high number of civilian contractors, employees, and interns.
# Yenimahalle

Yenimahalle is a municipality and metropolitan district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 219 km$^2$, and its population is 704,652 (2022). It is a fast-growing urban residential district of the city of Ankara, Turkey's capital. Its elevation is 861 m (2,825 ft).

## Yenimahalle today

The name Yenimahalle means the new quarter and in the late 1940s the area of open land to the west of the city was allocated for civil servants and workers housing. This grew with the construction of the E5 highway through the area and even more when the metro was built. Today the district mainly consists of large estates of apartment buildings and although the area is being filled up with concrete buildings there is still green space, tennis courts and other sports areas. There is some illegal building at the edge of the district but Yenimahalle is mainly planned development. This is the home for both of Ankara's teams: Gençlerbirliği and Ankaragücü, although their shared stadium is in Altındağ.
82% of the working population are civil servants or workers in the city of Ankara. There is also a large retired community, and a small but growing number of traders and shopkeepers. Ankara's largest industrial area, OSTIM Industrial Zone, is on the edge of the district too. The rural areas are used mainly for growing grains and pulses.
The headquarters of the national intelligence service Millî İstihbarat Teşkilâtı is in Yenimahalle.

## Composition

There are 55 neighbourhoods in Yenimahalle District:
* 25 Mart
* Anadolu
* Aşağı Yahyalar
* Ata
* Avcılar
* Barış
* Barıştepe
* Batı Sitesi
* Beştepe
* Burç
* Çamlıca
* Çarşı
* Çiğdemtepe
* Demet
* Demetgül
* Demetlale
* Emniyet
* Ergazi
* Ergenekon
* Esentepe
* Gayret
* Gazi
* Güventepe
* Güzelyaka
* İlkyerleşim
* İnönü
* Işınlar
* İvedikköy
* Kaletepe
* Karacakaya
* Kardelen
* Karşıyaka
* Kayalar
* Kentkoop
* Kuzey Yıldızı
* Macun
* Mehmet Akif Ersoy
* Memlik
* Ostim
* Özevler
* Pamuklar
* Ragıp Tüzün
* Serhat
* Susuz
* Tepealtı
* Turgut Özal
* Uğur Mumcu
* Varlık
* Yakacık
* Yenibatı
* Yeniçağ
* Yeşilevler
* Yukarı Yahyalar
* Yunus Emre
* Yuva

## Places of interest

* Akköprü, a bridge over the Ankara River, built by the Seljuk Turks in 1222, on the old trade route to Baghdad.
* Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo, park and farm, financed by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881-1938) personally to provide a place of recreation and agriculture in the city. It contains the Ankara Zoo and a full-size replica of the house in Salonica (today in Greece), where Atatürk was born.
* Ankara 75th Anniversary Race Course, horse racetrack
# Yenimahalle (M7, Istanbul Metro)

Yenimahalle is an underground station on the M7 line of the Istanbul Metro.
The station has an underground carpark with 114 spaces.
The M7 line operates as fully automatic unattended train operation (UTO). The station consists of an island platform with two tracks. Since the M7 is an ATO line, protective gates on each side of the platform open only when a train is in the station.

## Location

It is located on Galeri Street in the Karayolları neighbourhood of Gaziosmanpaşa. It was opened on 28 October 2020.

## Station layout

| Z | Enter/Exit ↓ (1–2) | Enter/Exit ↓ (3) |
| B1 | Ticket Hall↓↙↘ | ← Underpass |
| B2 | Platform | Platform |
| Platform level | Westbound | ← toward Mahmutbey (Karadeniz Mahallesi) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| Platform level | Eastbound | toward Mecidiyeköy (Kâzım Karabekir) → |

## Operation information

As of 2021, total length of M7 line is 18 km. The line operates between 06.00 - 00.00 and travel frequency is 6 minutes at peak hour.
# Chirritta

21°00′44″S 116°48′27″E﻿ / ﻿21.01220°S 116.80754°E﻿ / -21.01220; 116.80754﻿ (Chirritta)
Chirritta Station, most often referred to as Chirritta or Cherratta, is a pastoral lease operating as a sheep station in Western Australia.
The property is situated approximately 46 kilometres (29 mi) south of Roebourne and 86 kilometres (53 mi) north east of Pannawonica in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. A portion of the Maitland River runs through the property.
The property was established by Donald Norman McLeod in 1872. He returned to Victoria in 1882 and purchased Yannarie Estate near Portland, and later returned to Western Australia, acquiring Minilya Station. In 1884 Chirritta was reportedly sold for £18,000. By 1888 the property was put up for auction on behalf of D.N. McLeod and Company; the property was stocked with 17,000 sheep along with about 200 head of cattle.
The property was owned by Richardson, Edgar and Gillam in 1893. Gillam introduced merino rams into the flock in 1899. A cyclone passed through the area later the same year depositing 3 inches (76 mm) of rain at the station and tearing the roof from the old homestead.
Gillam became the sole owner of Chirritta at some time prior to 1905. He sold it in 1907 to the Withnell brothers, who owned the neighbouring Karratha Station. At the time the property supported about 16,000 sheep and shearing that year produced 288 bales of wool.
Cases of leprosy were reported amongst the Aboriginal people who were living at Chirritta in 1912.
The Withnells sold Chirritta in 1920 to Clarence Meares, who paid an estimated £30,000 for the property. The property was stocked with about 22,000 sheep when Meares took possession.
# Yong He Yuan

Yong He Yuan (Chinese: 雍河院; pinyin: Yōng Hé Yuàn) is a complex of two residential towers designed by Florent Nédélec and located in Taipei, Taiwan.

## Design

The Yong He Yuan Residences has a unique design that incorporates a woven pattern throughout the facades of the towers. The pattern is made of a series of light stripped grey granites and dark aluminum panels. The facades incorporate large square windows in between the interlaced horizontal and vertical elements of the pattern and are generously recessed to provide additional shading and protection from the sun. The luxury amenities include, gym, landscape terraces, swimming pool, under-ground parking garage, and retails.
# Leon Vaessen

Leon Henry Vaessen (born 8 November 1940) was an English professional footballer of the 1950s and 1960s. He made over 50 appearances in The Football League.

## Playing career

Born in New Cross, he joined Chelsea as a youngster, but was not offered a professional contract. In January 1958 he signed for Millwall and went on to make 26 Football League appearances for the "Lions", but never established himself as a regular starter. At the end of the 1960–61 season, he was transferred to Gillingham. He was initially a regular in the team, but fell out of favour, playing just once in the 1962–63 season, before being sold to Dover for a fee of £500. His last known club was Crawley Town.

## Family

His mother was English and his father was Dutch. His son Paul played for Arsenal but was forced to retire due to injury and fell into a life of crime and drug addiction before dying at the age of 39 in 2001.
# Richard Rogler

Richard Rogler (19 September 1949 – 11 August 2024) was a German Kabarett artist and professor of Kabarett at the University of the Arts in Berlin.

## Early life

Rogler studied French and sport at the University of Würzburg. From 1974 to 1978 he was a member of the theater group "Ömnes & Oimel", first at Würzburg, then from 1977 in Cologne. From 1978 to 1982 he was a member of the duo "Der Wahre Anton" with Heinrich Pachl and from 1982 he had an engagement at the playhouse in Cologne.

## Professional career

Beginning in 1986, Rogler worked as a solo artist, starting with his first program "Freiheit aushalten!". Further solo programs were "Finish" (1992), "Wahnsinn" (1995), "Freiheit West" (1998), "Anfang offen" (2002), "Ewiges Leben" (2005) and "Stimmung" (2009).
In 1999, the university of the arts in Berlin established a visiting scholarship for Kabarett and Rogler was selected to hold this position.

## Television and radio

Rogler rose to prominence with several guest appearances on the Scheibenwischer and other TV and radio shows. For the WDR he hosted Mitternachtsspitzen from 1988 to 1992. In 1992 he produced and starred in a six-episode series entitled Herr Rogler und Herr Busse alongside Jochen Busse. Also from 1992 to 1994 he hosted Nachtschlag on Das Erste and then from 1997 to 2001 Roglers Freiheit on 3sat.
In 2006, Rogler became the third permanent member of the Scheibenwischer replacing Georg Schramm. After 2 years he departed the cast again in 2008.

## Style

Rogler's comedic style is described as old-school Kabarett and distinctly different from those of comedians. Unlike comedians, who usually cover all kinds of comical real life situations, Rogler comments almost exclusively on serious topics, mostly of a political nature, in a biting and outspoken as well as criticizing manner.

## Death

Rogler died on 11 August 2024, at the age of 74.

## Awards

* Deutscher Kleinkunstpreis (1982) (with Heinrich Pachl)
* Telestar (1987)
* Deutscher Kleinkunstpreis (1987)
* Adolf-Grimme-Preis (1989)
* Deutscher Kleinkunstpreis (1992)
* Morenhovener Lupe (1997)
* Deutscher Kabarettpreis (2000)
# Richard Rohac

Richard Rohac (1906–1956) was an Austrian designer and master metal craftsman.

## Identity controversy

Richard Rohac was virtually unknown outside of Austria in his lifetime. His work was sold internationally with only his logo (and "Made in Austria") to identify its source, a common enough practice at the time. This anonymity led to Rohac's design work being mistakenly attributed to someone else with the same initials. In his 1996 reference book Art Deco Sculpture & Metalware, Alfred W. Edward presented eleven colour plates of Rohac's work, captioned as bearing the "Rena Rosenthal touchmark." This "touchmark" was actually the maker's mark of Richard Rohac (mirror image capital Rs inside of a box), which Edward illustrated on page 67 of his book.
Confusion persists on this point in the antiques world despite the emergence of the truth documented in several sources. In his 1999 reference work The Ultimate Corkscrew Book, Donald A. Bull includes photographs of two figural corkscrews, a cat and a dog, and describes the trademark as "backward R/forward R." Ten years later, in Figural Corkscrews, Bull pictures the same two items, and four others, captioned "with the trademark of Richard Rohac." The mistaken attribution is mentioned in Corkscrews (2009). In her 2011 exhibit catalogue, art historian and journalist Olga Kronsteiner expressly contradicts the Rena Rosenthal attribution.

## Career

Rohac began and completed his apprenticeship with Werkstätte Hagenauer Wien in Vienna as a teenager, and stayed with the workshop another nine years before opening his own metalwork business in 1932.
Rohac's career was interrupted by military service and a period of internment in Greece. On his return to Vienna, he reopened his workshop and began producing the types of household items that had been lost or destroyed during wartime bombings. Products from this period are likely to be stamped "ROHAC WIEN."
When a market emerged again for decorative objects, Rohac turned his talents to the design and production of busts and sculptures, as well as everything from desk and smoking accessories to corkscrews to bookends to pretzel holders to candlesticks. He specialized in exotic – for the 1950s – African and Asian figures, and jungle animals. His "backward R/forward R" maker's mark dates to that period, and appears on objects sold internationally through the export company Gebr. Gödde (Gödde Brothers).
Rohac's work was featured in an American newsreel on Austrian arts and crafts; one of his African busts was a state gift from Austria to the president of Mexico.
He died in Vienna in 1956.

## Literature

* Bull, Donald A. (1996). Figural Corkscrews. Atglen: Schiffer. ISBN 978-0-7643-3315-6.
* Edward, Alfred W. (1996). Art Deco Sculpture & Metalware. Atglen: Schiffer. ISBN 0-88740-994-6.
* Robinson, Sal and Wayne Meadows (2015). Austrian Figural Corkscrew Design: Auböck ∙ Bosse ∙ Hagenauer ∙ Rohac. Vancouver: Kitsilano Cellars. ISBN 978-0-9689294-1-4.
# Richard Pearse Airport

Richard Pearse Airport (IATA: TIU, ICAO: NZTU), also known as Timaru Airport, is located off the Pleasant Point Highway, 4 km north of the suburb Washdyke in Timaru, New Zealand.

## History

The airport takes its name from the local pioneer aviator, Richard Pearse, who allegedly flew in powered flight before the Wright Brothers. The airport is a small regional airport with one gate, one asphalt runway and two grass runways. The South Canterbury Aero Club is based at the airport and frequently uses the airport for training and recreational purposes.
There are regular Air New Zealand Link flights to Wellington using Bombardier Q300 aircraft, formerly flights were operated to Oamaru and Christchurch. Timaru, is the only major centre without a direct air service to Auckland. Eagle Airways used to operate from Timaru to Wellington with Beechcraft 1900D aircraft.

## Upgrade

A $1.3 million upgrade was approved in November 2015 by the Timaru District Council. The upgrade would increase the current terminal space from 450 square metres to cover almost 600 square metres and would include a new luggage collection area. The upgrade was in response to the increase in capacity on Air New Zealand Link flights to Wellington using the higher capacity Bombardier Q300.

## Airline and destination

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air New Zealand | Wellington |
# Yevgeny Lebedev

Yevgeny Lebedev or Yevgeni Lebedev may refer to:
* Yevgeni Lebedev (1917–1997), Soviet and Russian actor and pedagogue
* Yevgeny Lebedev (politician) (born 1957), Russian politician
* Evgeny Lebedev (born 1980), Russian-British businessman
* Yevgeniy Lebedev (born 1981), Russian sprinter
* Yawhen Lebedzew (born 1994), Belarusian footballer
# Richardsson

Richardsson is a Swedish patronymic surname meaning "son of Richard". Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Richardsson (born 1982), Swedish cross-country skier
* Per-Olov Richardsson (born 1942), Swedish alpine skier
* Erlingur Richardsson (born 1972), Icelandic handball player
* Richard Richardsson (snowboarder) (born 1974), Swedish snowboarder
* Richard Richardsson (footballer) (born 1979), Swedish footballer
* Camilla Richardsson (born 1993), Finnish middle-distance runner