OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Silverstone Air

Silverstone Air Services Limited, trading as Silverstone Air, was a privately owned airline in Kenya, licensed by the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority with an air operator's certificate.

## Location

The headquarters of Silverstone Air were located on the ground floor of Aerlink House, at Wilson Airport, in the south-western part of Nairobi, the capital and largest city of Kenya. The geographical coordinates of the airline's headquarters are:1°19'23.0"S, 36°48'30.0"E (Latitude:-1.323056; Longitude:36.808333).

## History

Silverstone Air was owned and operated by Kenyans. The airline was founded in 2017. It operated scheduled, charter and cargo flights inside Kenya. Scheduled flights were available to Kisumu, Mombasa, Lamu, Eldoret, Malindi, Lodwar, Ukunda.
On 12 March 2020 the airline suspended all flights due to non-compliance problems.

## Destinations

From its hub in Nairobi Wilson Airport, the company operated scheduled services to destinations within Kenya. The airline also operated direct return flights to Mombasa from Kisumu International Airport.
| Country | City | Airport | Notes |
| Kenya | Eldoret | Eldoret International Airport | — |
| Kenya | Kisumu | Kisumu International Airport | Hub |
| Kenya | Lamu | Lamu Airport | — |
| Kenya | Lodwar | Lodwar Airport | — |
| Kenya | Malindi | Malindi Airport | — |
| Kenya | Mombasa | Mombasa International Airport | — |
| Kenya | Nairobi | Wilson Airport | Hub |
| Kenya | Ukunda | Ukunda Airport | — |

## Fleet

As of September 2019, Silverstone Air operated the following aircraft:

## Incidents and accidents

In September 2020, a Silverstone Air Fokker 50 cargo plane crashed in Mogadishu, Somalia during landing. No fatalities were recorded. On 12 October 2019, a Silverstone Air Fokker 50 aircraft bound for Mombasa Airport, with continuing service to Lamu Airport, veered off the runway at Wilson Airport in Nairobi. While attempting to take off, with a total of 55 people on board, 50 passengers and five crew members, the aircraft veered off the runway and crashed through the fence, coming to rest in the brush. Nine people on board were injured and the aircraft was damaged.
On 28 October 2019, a Dash 8-300, registration 5Y-BWG, operated by Silverstone Air, lost its rear-right wheel assembly on take-off from Lodwar Airport, with four passengers and five crew members on board. Originally destined for Wilson Airport in Nairobi, the flight was diverted to Eldoret International Airport, where it made a safe emergency landing. The detached wheel assembly was recovered by the public outside Lodwar Airport, in Turkana County.
As a result of a safety audit by the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority following these two accidents, the airline was ordered on 12 November 2019 by the Kenyan Civil Aviation Authority to suspend operations with the Dash 8 for seven days.
On 19 September, a Fokker 50 (5Y-MHT) after take-off at Mogadishu, the aircraft returned to the Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu for an emergency landing. During that landing, the aircraft veered off the runway and impacted a perimeter wall.
# Apel·les Mestres

Apel·les Mestres i Oñós (28 October 1854, Barcelona – 19 July 1936, Barcelona) was a Catalan writer, graphic artist, and illustrator.

## Biography

His father, Josep Oriol Mestres [ca], was an architect who participated in numerous major project, including the demolition of the city walls. He attended a French secondary school, and studied at the Escola de la Llotja, where he showed a talent for caricatures. His teachers included Antoni Caba, Lluís Rigalt, Claudi Lorenzale and Ramon Martí Alsina.
He made several extended visits to Switzerland with his friend, the journalist and playwright, Pompeu Gener [ca], where he was influenced by Swiss federalism, the poetry of Heinrich Heine, and the comic drawings of Rodolphe Töpffer. He would later work for some of the most important magazines of that time; contributing comics, jokes, and headline designs.
In 1885, he married Laura Radénez, a Parisian with some artistic talent. They had no children. Their home, a narrow apartment in the old part of town, with a garden of hydrangeas on the roof, became a meeting place for the creative community of Barcelona.
He considered books to be a global art form, and was involved in every step of the process; including the paper, the cover and the binding. In 1912, he had to abandon drawing, due to a visual impairment. Two years later, he had become almost blind. He continued his creative activities however; improvising songs on the piano, then having them harmonized and written down by professional musicians. His songs have been recorded by many notable performers, including Conchita Badía.
In 1915, he wrote a book of poems about World War I, Flors de Sang (Flowers of Blood), which gained him several awards, including a Cross of the Legion of Honor, from the French government. Later, these poems would become very popular with Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War. He died shortly after it had begun.
In 1938, a marble monument was dedicated to him, in a park at the foot of Tibidabo. A literary prize for illustrated children's books bears his name.

## Sources

* Joan Armangué i Herrero, Obra primerenca d'Apel·les Mestres (1872-1886), Ed. Abadia de Montserrat, 2007 ISBN 978-84-84159-65-0
* Josep Maria Ainaud de Lasarte (Ed.), Apel·les Mestres (1854-1936). En el cinquantenari de la seva mort. 1936-1986, Fundació Jaume I, 1985
* Mateu Avellaneda and Joana Escobedo (Eds.), La meva col·lecció Apel·les Mestres, Biblioteca de Catalunya, 2005 ISBN 978-84-7845-153-1
# Southern Andean steppe

The Southern Andean steppe is a montane grasslands and shrublands ecoregion occurring along the border of Chile and Argentina in the high elevations of the southern Andes mountain range.

## Setting

This ecoregion is found from 3,500 to 5,000 metres (11,500 to 16,400 ft) in the north to 1,800 to 3,000 metres (5,900 to 9,800 ft) in the south. At higher elevations are found permanent snow, glaciers, and ice fields. At lower elevations, this ecoregion grades into Chilean matorral and Valdivian temperate forests to the west and High Monte to the east. To the north it transitions to the Central Andean dry puna and to the south the Patagonian steppe.

## Climate

This ecoregion has a cold desert climate, Köppen climate classification BWk. Precipitation falls mainly in winter.

## Flora

The flora of this ecoregion is adapted to its cold, dry, and windy climate. Many of the plant genera have evolved endemic species.
The plants on the western side of this ecoregion can be divided into three zones based on their growth forms and elevation. In the lower elevations, 2,000 to 2,700 metres (6,600 to 8,900 ft), grow large shrubs such as Chuquiraga oppositifolia and Nassauvia axillaris. In intermediate elevations, 2,700 to 3,300 metres (8,900 to 10,800 ft), grow small shrubs, tussock grasses, and cushions. These include Azorella madreporica, Laretia acaulis, and Stipa spp. In the highest elevations, extending to 3,900 metres (12,800 ft), grow small forbs, rosettes, and grasses such as Nassauvia lagascae, Oxalis erythrorhiza, Nassauvia pinnigera and Moschopsis leyboldii.
The plants on the eastern side do not grow in distinct zones. In the lower elevations, 1,900 to 2,700 metres (6,200 to 8,900 ft), grow plants of the genera Stipa, Adesmia, Mulinum, Nassauvia, and Chuquiraga. Higher, from 2,700 to 3,300 metres (8,900 to 10,800 ft), are shrubs and cushion plants of Oxalis, Junellia, Adesmia, Laretia and Azorella. At the highest elevations, 3,300 to 4,500 metres (10,800 to 14,800 ft), grow Senecio, Nassauvia, Chaetanthera, Draba, Barneoudia, Leucheria, and Moschopsis.

## Fauna

The fauna is similar to that of the Central Andean dry puna and the Patagonian steppe. Large mammals found here include the puma (Puma concolor), the Andean fox (Lycalopex culpaeus) and the vicuna (Vicugna vicugna) and guanaco (Lama guanicoe).

## Contemporary land use

This ecoregion's high elevations and harsh climate make it unsuitable for development or farming, so it has experienced little habitat loss.

## Protected areas

21.165% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. Protected areas include:
* Abra del Acay Natural Monument
* Caverna de las Brujas Nature Reserve
* Cerro Aconcagua Provincial Park
* El Leoncito National Park
* El Morado Natural Monument
* Laguna del Diamante Nature Reserve
* Laguna del Laja National Park
* Nevado Tres Cruces National Park
* Puente del Inca Natural Monument
* Río Clarillo National Reserve
* Río de los Cipreses National Reserve
* San Guillermo National Park
* Volcán Tupungato Provincial Park
* Yerba Loca Nature Sanctuary
# Král (surname)

Král (feminine Králová) is a Czech surname meaning king. Notable people include:
* Alex Král (born 1998), Czech footballer
* Filip Král (born 1999), Czech ice hockey player
* Ivan Král (1948–2020), Czech musician
* Jan Král (born 1999), Czech footballer
* Jana Králová, Czech footballer
* Jaroslav Král (born 1948), Czech boxer
* Jiří Král (born 1981), Czech volleyball player
* Johann Král (1823–1912), Czech-born viola player
* Josef Král (born 1990), Czech professional racing driver
* Lucie Králová (born 1982), Czech dancer and model
* Lukáš Král (born 1976), Czech ice dancer
* Matej Král (born 1990), Slovak footballer
* Miroslav Král (born 1986), Czech footballer
* Oldřich Král (1930–2018), Czech sinologist
* Petr Král (1941–2020), Czech writer
* Tereza Králová (born 1989), Czech athlete
* Tomáš Král (born 1992), Czech ice hockey goaltender
* Vojtěch Král (born 1988), Czech orienteering competitor
# Corporeal mime

Corporeal mime is an aspect of physical theater whose objective is to place drama inside the moving human body, rather than to substitute gesture for speech as in pantomime.
In this medium, the mime must apply to physical movement those principles that are at the heart of drama: pause, hesitation, weight, resistance and surprise. Corporeal mime accentuates the vital importance of the body and physical action on stage.
Étienne Decroux’s dramatic corporeal mime is taking the body as a main means of expression and the actor as a starting point for creation with the aim of “making the invisible visible” (Étienne Decroux), of allowing the actor to show thought through movement.
Art of movement rather than art of silence, dramatic corporeal mime is first of all the art of the actor/actress. An actor, whatever his artistic ambition might be, must, before all, be present, “be” on stage and this presence is shown through the body. The body is what sustains the costume, what the spectator sees, what carries the voice. It is the skeleton, the hand in the glove.
It was developed primarily by Étienne Decroux, who was heavily influenced by his training with Jacques Copeau at the École du Vieux-Colombier. He created this method and technique for creative performers wishing to transform their ideas into a physical reality, in order to devise a new style of theater "making visible the invisible," as Decroux put it.
The objectives of corporeal mime are to enable the actor to become more autonomous in creating metaphor-based physical theater pieces, which may include text, but are not based on text, i.e., to give the actor greater access to physical metaphors in work in traditional plays, and to increase the actor's strength, agility, flexibility and imaginative powers.
While Decroux’s movement style was quite different from the commedia dell'arte from which 19th century pantomime took as its model, Decroux was influenced by this classical art form. Decroux worked extensively with Piccolo Teatro (Milan), training actors and choreographing Arlecchino an adaptation of Goldoni's Servant of Two Masters directed by Giorgio Strehler. Coincidentally, Jacques Lecoq, another famous mime teacher worked as a movement teacher at Piccolo Teatro until he was succeeded by Decroux.
Unlike classical pantomime, corporeal mime was also no longer an anecdotal art that used conventional gestures to create illusions of objects or persons.
Corporeal mimes seek to express abstract and universal ideas and emotions through codified movements of the entire body (but most especially the trunk—the face and hands are confined to a secondary role in this movement form) Some corporeal mimes write their own texts, as did the Greek mime-authors, integrating the mime-actor's art with the author's. They also include props, costumes, masks, lighting effects and music. Because it contains movement expression along with other elements, it is often loosely alluded to as physical or movement theater.
# C4H6N4O2

The molecular formula C$_4$H$_6$N$_4$O$_2$ (molar mass: 142.12 g/mol, exact mass: 142.0491 u) may refer to:
* Divicine (2,6-diamino-4,5-dihydroxypyrimidine)
* Glycoluril
# Hayden Penn

Hayden Andrew Penn (born October 13, 1984) is an American former professional baseball player. He played as a right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) and in the Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

## Career
### Baltimore Orioles

Born in Santee, California, Penn was drafted by the Baltimore Orioles in the 5th round of the 2002 Major League Baseball Draft. He made his MLB debut in 2005, when he made eight starts with the Orioles, compiling a 3–2 record with a 6.34 ERA. At the time of his callup Penn was the youngest player in the Major Leagues (20 yrs, 7 months).
In May 2006, he suffered appendicitis after being called up by the Orioles and missed several months while recovering from it. He went 7–4 with an ERA of 2.26 through 14 starts for the Class AAA Ottawa Lynx in 2006 and was called up to Baltimore again when the major league rosters expanded on September 1. He made his first start of the season for Baltimore on September 3 against the Oakland Athletics; he gave up eight runs in two-thirds of an inning, for an ERA of 108.00, and took the loss.

### Florida Marlins

Penn was traded to the Florida Marlins on April 1, 2009 in exchange for infielder Robert Andino.
After a bad outing on June 3, 2009, the Marlins designated Penn for assignment. He cleared waivers and was assigned to the AAA New Orleans Zephyrs. On November 9, 2009, the Marlins purchased his contract from the AAA New Orleans Zephyrs and added him to the 40-man roster.

### Pittsburgh Pirates

Penn was waived by the Marlins during the 2010 Spring Training and claimed by the Pittsburgh Pirates, making their opening day roster. He was designated for assignment on April 12, 2010 after giving up 8 runs in 2.1 innings pitched over 3 games, accepting an assignment to Triple-A Indianapolis.

### Chiba Lotte Marines

Penn's contract was sold to the Chiba Lotte Marines during the 2010 season. He helped the Marines win the 2010 Nippon World Series, starting and winning game 5 of the series. He did not pitch in 2011 due to elbow surgery.

### Bridgeport Bluefish

Penn played for the Bridgeport Bluefish of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball in 2013.
# Sam Bough

Samuel Bough RSA (8 January 1822 – 19 November 1878) was an English-born landscape painter who spent much of his career working in Scotland.

## Life

He was born the third of five children in Abbey Street, Carlisle in northern England, the son of James Bough (1794-1845), a shoemaker, and Lucy Walker, a cook. He was raised in relative poverty, but with a keen encouragement in the arts.
He was self-taught but mixed with local artists such as Richard Harrington and George Sheffield, and was strongly influenced by the work of J. M. W. Turner. After an unsuccessful attempt to live as an artist in Carlisle he obtained a job and as a theatre scenery painter in Manchester in 1845, later also working in Glasgow in the same role. Encouraged by Daniel Macnee to take up landscape painting he moved to Hamilton from 1851-4 and worked there with Alexander Fraser. In Cadzow Forest (1857, Bourne Fine Art), influenced by Horatio McCulloch, is a 'magnificent' portrait of two ancient trees. In 1854 he moved to Port Glasgow to work on his technique of painting ships and harbours. He also began supplementing his income by illustrating books, before moving to Edinburgh in 1855.
On coming to Edinburgh he lived in a terraced house at 5 Malta Terrace in the Stockbridge area of the city. Following Turner's example, he became a skillful painter of seaports. Examples include St. Andrews (Noble Grossart) and The Dreadnought from Greenwich Stairs: Sun Sinking into Vapour (1861, private collection).
He later fell out with McCulloch (their dogs apparently taking sides in the dispute). He was admired by Robert Louis Stevenson and painted a view of his house at Swanston, and the construction of Dubh Artach lighthouse. The engineering work for the latter was undertaken by the brothers Thomas and David Stevenson, Robert Louis' father and uncle respectively.
His health began to fail in 1877 and in January 1878 he suffered a stroke. He died of prostate cancer at his later home, Jordan Bank Villa in Morningside, on the south side of the city. R. L. Stevenson penned a glowing obituary of Bough.
He was buried in Dean Cemetery Edinburgh on 23 November 1878. The grave bears a bronze medallion of his head by William Brodie and faces over a southern path to the south terrace.
# William O. Dapping

William Osbourne Dapping (June 21, 1880 – August 1, 1969) was an American journalist for The Auburn Citizen from 1905 to 1960. With The Auburn Citizen, Dapping began as a reporter before his promotion to managing editor in 1917. While holding the position, Dapping received a special award in the 1930 Pulitzer Prizes for his coverage of the 1929 Auburn State Prison riot. Dapping remained in his editing role with The Auburn Citizen until he retired in 1960. Outside of journalism, Dapping was part of the United States Electoral College between 1932 and 1964.

## Early life and education

On June 21, 1880, Dapping was born in New York City, New York. Growing up, Dapping joined the George Junior Republic when he was fifteen years old. For his post-secondary education, Dapping graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1905.

## Career

Dapping began his reporting career during university with The Harvard Crimson. After joining The Auburn Citizen in 1905 as a reporter, Dapping held multiple editing positions until his promotion to managing editor in 1917. During his tenure as managing editor, Dapping received a special award in the 1930 Pulitzer Prizes for his coverage of the 1929 Auburn State Prison riot. Dapping remained with The Auburn Citizen in his managing position until his 1960 retirement. Apart from journalism, Dapping was part of the United States Electoral College in consecutive presidential elections from 1932 to 1964. He also held executive roles with the Auburn Publishing Company between 1938 and 1960.
A collection of Dapping's personal papers is held at the Special Collections Research Center of Syracuse University libraries.

## Personal life

On August 1, 1969, Dapping died in Auburn, New York. He was married and had no children.
# Sidney Horstmann

Sidney Adolph Horstmann, MBE (7 July 1881 – 11 July 1962) was a British engineer and businessman.

## Early life

Sidney was the youngest son of the German clockmaker Gustav Horstmann, who moved to England about 1850. Gustav designed the world's first micrometer with an accuracy greater than 1/10000 of an inch. Sidney was born in Bath.

## Horstmann Gear

In 1904, Horstmann and his brothers founded Horstmann Gear to produce a variable speed gearbox he had invented for cars and motorcycles. The firm later became a general engineering company and came to specialise in gas street lighting controls, time switches, gauges, and latterly central heating controls. They also worked with William Friese-Greene in the development of the first cameras for moving celluloid film.
In 1915 a large factory, Newbridge Works, was opened in a former dance hall at Newbridge, Bath, and subsequently Newbridge was used as a trade mark.
In 1994 the Horstmann family sold their remaining shares in Horstmann Gear and Horstmann Group became part of Clayhithe plc, which in 1998 was acquired by Roxspur plc. The factory was moved from Newbridge to Bristol in 2000. In 2001 the company became Horstmann Controls.

## Horstmann Cars

In 1913, Horstmann founded an automotive company, Horstmann Cars, which was later renamed to Horstman Cars. Car production ceased in 1929, by which time 1,500 or 3,000 cars had been made.
He was responsible for developing a tracked coil spring suspension system known as the Horstmann bogie, which is used on many Western (particularly British) tanks, including the Centurion and Chieftain. He patented this system in 1922, some nine years prior to Dr. Ferdinand Porsche's similar system which was featured in many German tanks in the Second World War. The suspension company eventually became Horstman Defence Systems which (as of 2018) retains a site in Bath.

## Hadrill and Horstmann

After the Second World War, Horstmann formed a new electrical engineering company Hadrill and Horstmann Ltd, with G. C. T Hadrill, who had owned Gartheiniog slate quarry. They were best known for the 'Counterpoise' lamps they produced, which are now collectors' items. The company was acquired in 1955 by Simms Group, which also acquired Horstman Ltd. In 2019 the Horstman Holding Ltd. was acquired by Renk.

## Awards

Horstmann was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 New Year Honours, in his role as managing director of Horstmann Cars Limited.
# ITAA

ITAA may refer to the following:
* Income Tax Assessment Act 1997
* Income Tax Assessment Act 1936
* Information Technology Association of America
* International Transactional Analysis Association
* Internet and Technology Addicts Anonymous, a self-help group for people suffering from internet addiction disorder
# Aufi

Aufi can refer to:
* Aufi Tower, Aufhausen, Germany
* Zahiriddin Nasr Muhammad Aufi (1171-1242), a medieval Persian author
* Abdul-Rahim Hamed Aufi (born 1963), Iraqi soccer player
* Saleh Al-Aufi (died 2005), member of al-Qaeda in Saudi Arabia
# Wilford (surname)

Wilford is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aron Wilford (born 1982), English footballer
* Ernest Wilford (born 1979), American football player
* Francis Wilford (1761–1822), Hanoverian Indologist and Orientalist
* Sir James Wilford (1516–1550), English soldier
* John Wilford (MP) (died 1418), English politician
* John Wilford (fl.1723–1742), English bookseller
* John Noble Wilford (born 1933), American journalist
* Mark Wilford (born 1959), American climber
* Marty Wilford (born 1977), Canadian ice hockey player
* Michael Wilford (1938–2023), English architect
* Ronald A. Wilford (1927–2015), American music manager
* Sara Wilford (1932–2021), American psychologist
* Sir Thomas Wilford (1870–1939), New Zealand politician
* William Wilford (died 1413), English politician
# The Rights of All

The Rights of All (May 1829–1830) was an African American abolitionist newspaper, founded in New York City by Samuel Cornish, a black Presbyterian minister and antislavery activist. The Rights of All replaced Freedom's Journal, the nation's first African-American newspaper, which had been founded by Cornish together with John Russwurm. Cornish had resigned from Freedom's Journal after six months, and under Russwurm's sole editorship, it reversed its opposition to the American Colonization Society to become a pro-colonizationist organ, running along these lines until Russwurm moved to Liberia in late 1829. In launching The Rights of All, Cornish reemphasized the opposition to the American Colonization Society that had been a signature theme of the early months of Freedom's Journal. Yet there was a great deal of continuity between the two publications, and The Rights of All deployed the same subscription agents, including radical abolitionist David Walker, who promoted the publication in his Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World. Cornish estimated that The Rights of All had about 800 subscribers, but despite this robust support, the journal survived less than a year.