OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jean-Charles de Coucy

Jean-Charles de Coucy (born on 23 September 1746 at the Château d'Écordal, died on 9 March 1824 in Reims) was an ecclesiastic who was Archbishop of Reims.

## Early life

Jean-Charles de Coucy was born on 23 September 1746 at the Château d'Écordal in the Rethelois (Ardennes). From the family of the lords of Coucy in Champagne, he was appointed Queen's Chaplain by Patent of January 28, 1776. Then he became canon of Reims. At the moment when the Revolution began, he was the Vicar-General of the Archbishop of Reims, Bishop de La Roche-Aymon.

## Career

He was appointed bishop of La Rochelle by Louis XVI on 23 October 1789 and his appointment was confirmed by Pius VI on 14 December. The seat was almost immediately suppressed, on 12 November 1789, by the Civil Constitution of the clergy. The dioceses were redrawn to correspond to the division of the departments, and that of La Rochelle was broken up. His monarchist convictions led him to exile in Spain. As early as 1791 he saw a difficult emigration. Based in Guadalajara, he organized a mutual assistance fund between exiles and solicited the financial support of the Spanish upper clergy.
He refused his resignation to Pius VII in 1801, which contributed the schism of the Little Church of the Two Sèvres. Refractory to the civil constitution of the clergy, he was also resistant to the Concordat of 1801. A significant part of his clergy followed him and turned to resistance. His letters from the exile, false or authentic, maintained the movement of resistance in the parishes. Dissenting parish priests were either displaced or tolerated. In 1803, on a report from Dupin, Prefect of the Deux-Sèvres, Bonaparte requested the King of Spain to arrest Coucy and he was subsequently imprisoned until 1807, at the instigation of Abbé Émery and Archbishop Fesch.
Returning to France in 1814, he assured his vicars general he had not authored any letters since 1804. During the Hundred Days he accompanied King Louis XVIII to Ghent. In 1816, he gave his resignation of the bishopric of La Rochelle to the king and was appointed to the prestigious title of Archbishop of Reims on August 8, 1817, as a reward for his fidelity to the Bourbons. In 1819, he publicly disapproved of the movement of the Little Church, of which persists to this day. He was created a peer of France on 31 October 1822 and died in Reims on 9 March 1824.
# Psychology of disenfranchisement

The psychology of disenfranchisement is a theory developed by Rex Briggs while studying minority groups at social research firm Yankelovich Partners. Originally published by Yankelovich Partners, Grant Lukenbill's book, Untold Millions, applied the theory to help explain marketing opportunities to gays and lesbians. In Brigg's original research, he observed higher levels of stress, skepticism and self-protection needs among minority groups.
The psychology of disenfranchisement theory suggests that there are three components that drive the psychology of disenfranchisement: alienation, cynicism and perceived victimization. These components interact and intensify each other. Alienation, Briggs argues, may be due to negative perceptions, stereotypes and discrimination condoned and practiced by the dominant culture. The perception of separation from the mainstream culture can create severe stress and can be considered the impetus for the psychology of disenfranchisement. Cynicism is one of the inevitable offshoots of alienation, resulting in the conviction that things will go wrong, that harm is to be expected. It involves a sense that the institutions of society (from which one is alienated) are not only remote, but inimical. Victimization is the feeling that develops out of the perception of intentional or unintentional undeserved mistreatment by other individuals, organizations, or institutions. Victimization is a logical outgrowth of feelings of cynicism and alienation from the dominant culture. The perceived victimization legitimizes and justifies the cynicism, and over time this cycle can become entrenched, thereby increasing the feelings of alienation.
The resulting needs include: self-understanding (recognition of and respect for one's individuality), association (a sharing of occasions with "people like me"), security (emotional, social and psychical), independence, stress relief (self-indulgence, escapism).
All the Rage: The Story of Gay Visibility in America cites Briggs' psychology of disenfranchisement theory as a launching point to discuss how advertising can offer inclusion in its messaging, so as to resonate better.
In 2006, Steven Andrew Culpepper summarized Dubois 1903 book, Sols of Black Folk as capturing the essence of a double-consciousness, a paradoxical experience of deep psychic atrocity tracing from slavery, "while the American experience resonates with a hopeful ethos characterized by universality of equality and justice for all." Culpepper applies this same psychology of disenfranchisement to women, "that were severely excluded from its rights and privileges in society that touts equality and justice."
A more literal use of the concept, "psychology of disenfranchisement" has been applied by Keven Lanning where he examines the consequences to both the person and the community when individuals do not have equal access, or equal voices, at the polls.
# BFRT

BFRT may refer to:
* Bruce Freeman Rail Trail in Massachusetts
* Blood flow restriction training
# Roland SH-201

The Roland SH-201 is a discontinued 49 key, 10-voice polyphonic virtual analogue synthesizer introduced in 2006 by the Roland Corporation. The SH-201 was discontinued in 2010. Roland introduced its successor, the Roland SH-01 Gaia, at the 2010 NAMM Show.

## Features

The SH-201 is equipped with two analogue modeling oscillators (four when in Dual or Split mode), a multi-mode filter, ring modulator, and it allows routing an external audio signal into its own dedicated filter. Real-time controls feature 29 front panel knobs and sliders, assignable pitch/mod stick and Roland's infrared D-Beam controller. The synthesizer also acts as a USB audio interface for digital audio workstation recording.
The layout of filters, envelopes, oscillator types, and mix options are similar to the JP-8000. Notable differences are that the SH-201 uses different adsr envelope and filter modeling, offers more polyphony, oscillator choices, LFO routings and comes with computer software for more in-depth sound editing, patch librarian storage and DAW integration. The name SH-201 is derived from Roland's classic SH line of analog synthesizers, all of which were designed to be portable and simple to program, while the number 201 was chosen to reference the popular SH-101 which was also cased in plastic. It is also fully Windows and Mac compatible, connecting through a USB cable. MIDI and audio can be sent through the USB port.

## Notable users

* Hadouken!
* Abandon All Ships
* Calvin Harris (notable for the main synth hook in "I'm Not Alone")
* Disclosure
* Scissor Sisters
* Richard Barbieri
* Noisia
* Front 242
* The Neon Judgement
* Suicide Commando
* Marcus Brown (Madonna)
* Printz Board
* Scooter (Just on stage)
* Joker
* Jean Michel Jarre
* Ladytron
* Asia (band)
* Geoff Downes
* Milk Inc.
* Timbaland
* Jamie Cullum
* Kaiser Chiefs
* Walk the Moon
* Grimes
* Alan Walker (used for live performances)
# Women's hammer throw world record progression

This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" &#x2D; please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! The first World Record in the hammer throw for women (athletics) was recognised by the International Association of Athletics Federations in 1994.
Up to today, the IAAF has ratified 25 world records in the event.

## Record Progression

| Mark | Athlete | Date | Location |
| 66.84 m (219 ft 3 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 23 February 1994 | Adler, Russia |
| 66.86 m (219 ft 4 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 4 March 1995 | Bucharest, Romania |
| 67.00 m (219 ft 9 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 24 May 1995 | Moscow, Russia |
| 68.14 m (223 ft 6 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 5 June 1995 | Moscow, Russia |
| 68.16 m (223 ft 7 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 18 June 1995 | Moscow, Russia |
| 69.42 m (227 ft 9 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 12 May 1996 | Bucharest, Romania |
| 69.58 m (228 ft 3 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 8 March 1997 | Bucharest, Romania |
| 71.22 m (233 ft 7 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 22 June 1997 | Munich, Germany |
| 73.10 m (239 ft 9 in) | Olga Kuzenkova (RUS) | 22 June 1997 | Munich, Germany |
| 73.14 m (239 ft 11 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 16 July 1998 | Poiana Brasov, Romania |
| 75.29 m (247 ft 0 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 13 May 1999 | Clermont-Ferrand, France |
| 75.97 m (249 ft 2 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 13 May 1999 | Clermont-Ferrand, France |
| 76.05 m (249 ft 6 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 29 August 1999 | Rüdlingen, Switzerland |
| 76.07 m (249 ft 6 in) | Mihaela Melinte (ROM) | 29 August 1999 | Rüdlingen, Switzerland |
| 77.06 m (252 ft 9 in) | Tatyana Lysenko (RUS) | 15 July 2005 | Moscow, Russia |
| 77.26 m (253 ft 5 in) | Gulfiya Khanafeyeva (RUS) | 12 June 2006 | Tula, Russia |
| 77.41 m (253 ft 11 in) | Tatyana Lysenko (RUS) | 24 June 2006 | Zhukovsky, Russia |
| 77.80 m (255 ft 2 in) | Tatyana Lysenko (RUS) | 15 August 2006 | Tallinn, Estonia |
| 77.96 m (255 ft 9 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 22 August 2009 | Berlin, Germany |
| 78.30 m (256 ft 10 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 6 June 2010 | Bydgoszcz, Poland |
| 79.42 m (260 ft 6 in) | Betty Heidler (GER) | 21 May 2011 | Halle/Saale, Germany |
| 79.58 m (261 ft 1 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 31 August 2014 | Berlin, Germany |
| 81.08 m (266 ft 0 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 1 August 2015 | Władysławowo, Poland |
| 82.29 m (269 ft 11 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 15 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| 82.98 m (272 ft 2 in) | Anita Włodarczyk (POL) | 28 August 2016 | Warsaw, Poland |
# Blair Drummond

Blair Drummond is a small rural community 5 miles (8 kilometres) northwest of Stirling in the Stirling district of Scotland, predominantly located along the A84 road. Lying to the north of the River Forth, the community is within the registration county of Perthshire and the civil parish of Kincardine

## History

A former resident of Blairdrummond House was enlightenment thinker Lord Kames whose wife inherited the house in 1766. Lord Kames began the transformation of the carse area of Blair Drummond; turning it from an often water-laden moss into productive agricultural land, which brought him an income of almost £2000 per year.
Blair Drummond House was entirely rebuilt in 1868-72 by James Campbell Walker (under instruction from George Stirling Home Drummond FRSE) and again by James Bow Dunn after a fire in 1921-23 and is now a home for adults with learning disabilities run by the Camphill Movement.
In 1830 the remains of a Bronze Age wooden wagon wheel were discovered in Blair Drummond, dating from 1260-810 BC. This is the oldest preserved wheel from Scotland.
Four gold Iron Age torcs, known as the Stirling torcs, were found in Blair Drummond in 2009, dating from 300-100 BC. They are now held in the Museum of Scotland.
* Gold Stirling torcs, 300-100 BC
* Wooden wheel remains, 1260-810 BC

## Facilities

Blair Drummond has a local authority primary school - Kincardine in Mentieth Primary School, a Church of Scotland church, and a community hall which was rebuilt in 2005. Blair Drummond is also the location of the Blair Drummond Safari Park, and a caravan park housed in the old walled garden of Blair Drummond House.

## The Community

Many of the residents of Blair Drummond are farmers, although others commute to Stirling, Edinburgh and Glasgow. Blair Drummond is in the Stirling council area, although in the past it was part of Perthshire. Other communities bordering Blair Drummond are Gargunnock, Thornhill, Deanston, Doune and Dunblane. A community council covers both Thornhill and Blair Drummond, and the 2001 census for the area covered by the Thornhill and Blairdrummond Community Council put the population for the areas at 1,109.

## Notable people from Blair Drummond

* Henry Home, Lord Kames - 18th century Scottish philosopher and writer
* Henry Home-Drummond
* George Stirling Home Drummond
* William Downie Stewart Sr - 19th century New Zealand politician
# Gilberto de Nucci

Gilberto De Nucci (born 18 March 1958, Campinas) is a noted Brazilian physician, scientist and university professor in the field of pharmacology.

## Education

He was born in Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. His father was a well-known physician in the city. De Nucci studied medicine at the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto of the University of São Paulo, in Ribeirão Preto (graduating in 1981), where he also did his initial scientific studies in the Department of Pharmacology. Soon after graduation he moved to London, England. He worked from 1982 to 1985 with Dr. John R. Vane, 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, at the Wellcome Research Laboratories, in London, England. His doctoral studies were conducted at the Royal College of Surgeons, University of London, in 1986, with Prof. Salvador Moncada. From 1986 to 1988 he was senior scientist at Saint Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, William Harvey Research Institute.

## Roles in Brazil

On his return to Brazil in 1989, he accepted a position as assistant professor at the Department of Pharmacology of the Medical School of the State University of Campinas. There, he was promoted to adjunct professor in 1996. Finally he became in 2001 a full professor by the Department of Pharmacology of the Biomedical Sciences Institute of the University of São Paulo.
Dr. De Nucci is a member of the Brazilian Academy of Medicine and one of the most highly cited biomedical scientists in the world, according to the Institute for Scientific Information. He has a prolific output, with more than 200 papers published in international peer-reviewed journals, and is among the 60 first placed in number of inventions and patents in Brazil, with 28 requests.

## Centres founded

Gilberto De Nucci founded the Cartesius Analytical Unit, a very important enterprise on the quality approval of new drugs as "generics" throughout bioequivalence essays. He also established the Galeno Research Centre, which conducts clinical trials as well as bioequivalence essays. Both centres accomplish pioneering work in Brazil, based on high technology and rigorous medical ethics and scientific methods.
# USS Mist (SP-567)

The second USS Mist (SP-567) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919.
Mist was built as a private steam launch of the same name by the Herreshoff Manufacturing Company at Bristol, Rhode Island, in 1904. In April 1917, the U.S. Navy informally acquired her from her owner, Edward Morell, for use as a section patrol vessel during World War I. She was commissioned as USS Mist (SP-567) on 28 April 1917. The formal acquisition of Mist from Morrell followed on 12 May 1917.
Assigned to the 1st Naval District in northern New England, Mist served for the rest of World War I as a dispatch boat and guard boat in the vicinity of Boston, Massachusetts. She also supported the minesweeping training activities of the Mine Sweeping Division, which operated along the coast of Massachusetts from its base at Boston Harbor.
Mist was returned to Morrell on 3 February 1919.
# Humann

Humann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carl Humann (1839–1896), German engineer, architect and archaeologist
* Doug Humann, as of 2021 CEO of Landcare Australia
* Edgar Humann (1838–1914), Chief of Staff of the French Navy in 1894–95
* Georg Humann (1847–1932), German art historian
* Georges Humann (1780–1842), French financier and politician
* Hans Humann (1878–1933), German officer, diplomat and businessman
* Johann Jakob Humann (1771–1834, German Roman Catholic clergyman
* L. Phillip Humann (born 1945), American businessman
* Richard Humann (born 1961), American artist
# James Cummings (Ontario politician)

James Cummings businessman, politician; born in 1815 in Ireland; married Anne Morrison, and they had three children; died 13 April 1894 at Hamilton, Ontario, buried at Hamilton Cemetery. He was mayor of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada for three months in 1854 and in 1856.
James Cummings emigrated to Canada as a young man. He lived briefly in Montreal, Quebec before coming to Hamilton in the 1830s and 1840s where he established a successful wholesale crockery business. Cummings had other business interests. He was president of the Canadian Oil Company in 1870 and was in partnership with J.M. Williams.
Cummings was elected to city council as an alderman in 1854. Following a rather bizarre election in which all ten aldermen were successfully nominated and defeated, Cummings was chosen as mayor. The election was declared invalid, however, and he served for only three months. In 1875, he was appointed tax collector, a position he filled until his death.
A self-educated man with a fondness for literature, Cummings devoted himself to the public school system. He was a school trustee and acted as chairman of the Board of Education from 1863 to 1875. During his tenure the two-hour recess and the monthly fee system to purchase free school supplies were introduced. He also carefully supervised the construction and repair of school buildings. Cummings served on the Board of Education for over thirty years.
Cummings was a member of the Irish Protestant Benevolent Society and of Central Presbyterian Church. He died at his residence.
# Clifford Lloyd

Clifford John Lloyd (30 September 1902 – 1975) was a Welsh footballer who played in the Football League for Nottingham Forest and Swansea Town.
# Scrobipalpa pseudolutea

Scrobipalpa pseudolutea is a moth in the family Gelechiidae, described by Piskunov in 1990 from Ningxia (China).
# Guatemala at the 1976 Summer Olympics

Guatemala competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
# Joseph Wong (political scientist)

Joseph Wong was the Canada Research Chair for health, democracy and development, is the Roz and Ralph Halbert Professor of Innovation at the Munk School of Global Affairs, and is currently the Vice President, International of the University of Toronto.
He is the author of Betting on Biotech: Innovation and the Limits of Asia's Developmental State, and Healthy Democracies: Welfare Politics In Taiwan and South Korea, both published by Cornell University Press, and From Democracy to Development: The Transformations of Modern Asia, co-authored with Dan Slater and published (2022) with Princeton University Press.

## Education

Wong has a bachelor's degree from McGill University and both a master's degree and a Ph.D from University of Wisconsin-Madison.

## Career

Wong has collaborated with the World Bank and United Nations and from 2005 to 2014, he was the Director of the Asian Institute at the Munk School of Global Affairs. While teaching at the Munk School he was awarded the University of Toronto Faculty of Arts and Science's Outstanding Teaching Award.
Wong is professor of political science at the University of Toronto, and the Roz and Ralph Halbert Professor of Innovation at the Munk School of Global Affairs. He has previously served both as the Associate Vice-president and as the Vice-Provost of the University of Toronto.
He was appointed as the Vice President, International at the University of Toronto in 2021 after being given the role on an interim basis in 2020. While working at the University of Toronto, Professor Wong helped introduce new academic designations as part of a wider effort to encourage more international study by Canadian students. Also at the University of Toronto, Wong founded the Reach Alliance, a student-led project that researches ways for organizations and governments to get essential services to marginalized people in the most difficult to reach locations.
He is often quoted in the media about issues affected international students in Canada, specifically about the revocation of scholarships supporting students from Saudi Arabia. He has also been quoted by international media about Taiwanese politics. Canadian media also reported his advocacy for free speech and his support for Afghan students.
He serves on the board of directors of Upper Canada College.
From 2006 to 2016, he held the Canada Research Chair in health, democracy and development.

## Selected publications

* Wong, Joseph, Betting on Biotech: Innovation and the Limits of Asia’s Developmental State, Cornell University Press, 2011, ISBN: 9780801450327, cited 181 times.
* Wong, Joseph, Healthy Democracies: Welfare Politics In Taiwan and South Korea, Cornell University Press, 2018, ISBN: 9780801473494, cited 375 times.
# Gilbert de Insula

Gilbert de Insula (Anglicised: Gilbert of the Isles) was a son of Domhnall mac Alasdair, who received a charter for unspecified lands in the Stirlingshire region, in the year 1330. He also received a charter for half the lands of Glorat in the parish of Campsie. Today, Gilbert de Insula is considered to be a grandson of Alasdair Mór. He is also considered to possibly be the ancestor of the Alexanders of Menstrie.

## Citations

* ↑ Macdonald; Macdonald 1900, 2: pp. 34–37.
* ↑ McAndrew 2006: p. 473.
# USS Walter X. Young (DE-723)

USS Walter X. Young (DE-723) was a proposed United States Navy Rudderow-class destroyer escort that was never built.
The name Walter X. Young was approved for DE-723 on 7 February 1944. Plans called for her to be built by the Dravo Corporation at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. However, before work on the ship began, the contract for her construction was cancelled on 12 March 1944 in order to free the Dravo shipyard for the building of landing craft.
The name Walter X. Young was reassigned to another Rudderow-class destroyer escort, USS Walter X. Young (DE-715), which was converted during construction into the fast transport USS Walter X. Young (APD-131).
# Barred honey buzzard

The barred honey buzzard or Sulawesi honey buzzard (Pernis celebensis) is a species of bird of prey in the family Accipitridae.
It inhabits subtropical and tropical moist lowland and montane forests of Sulawesi.