OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Adrian Langdon

Robert Langdon (1924–2003) was an Australian scholar known for his work as the executive officer of the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau, a part of the Australian National University.

## Biography

Langdon was born in Adelaide, served in the Royal Australian Navy during the Second World War, skipped university in favor of a writing career, and spent six years exploring South America. He undertook many different jobs prior to making his way to Tahiti to escape a cold Canadian winter. This journey changed his life. Because he couldn't find a single book that told the story of Tahiti, he returned home to Adelaide and wrote his own: Tahiti, Island of Love. After some time reporting for The Advertiser in Adelaide, Langdon took on a role at Pacific Islands Monthly in Sydney. During his six years at the magazine his reputation for original and high quality research on forgotten aspects of Pacific history caught the attention of Professor Henry Maude who was setting up the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau (PMB).
One of the first major projects he supervised as the executive officer of the PMB in the 1970s was the microfilming of more than 2,100 logbooks of American whaling, trading and naval ships active in the Pacific in the 19th century. Copies of these 420 reels of microfilm were then distributed to a number of participating libraries in Australia, New Zealand and Hawaii. To increase their utility, he supervised a team of researchers to index the microfilmed logbooks and the results were later published in two volumes.

## Historical theories

Langdon's research on the history of Amanu island and the possible origin of antique Spanish ship cannons discovered on the atoll in 1929 resulted in his book The Lost Caravel. In this book Langdon presented evidence for his theory that the cannons were from the San Lesmes, a ship of the Spanish Loaísa expedition. Langdon proposed that the San Lesmes had foundered on the atoll, thrown off the cannons to refloat, sailed to Tahiti where some members of the crew remained, then sailed onward to discover New Zealand. New Zealand film maker Winston Cowie's books Conquistador Puzzle Trail (2015) and Nueva Zelanda, un puzzle histórico: tras la pista de los conquistadores españoles (2016), published with the support of the Embassy of Spain to New Zealand, address the San Lesmes theory and consistent with Langdon's theory propose that it may have been wrecked in New Zealand, with oral tradition from elders on the Pouto Peninsula recording a wreck described as 'Spanish', and helmets and armour that had been found in the sand and caves of the peninsula.
Greg Scowen's 2011 novel The Spanish Helmet also references the San Lesmes theory, basing much of the story on the presumed journal of the captain of the San Lesmes, Francisco de Hoces.
# LBY

LBY or lby may refer to:
* LBY, the ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code of Libya
* LBY, the station code for Lüboyuan railway station, Henan, China
* lby, the ISO 639-3 code for Lamalama language, Queensland, Australia
# Robert L. Gernon

Robert Lawrence Gernon (July 29, 1943 – March 30, 2005), was a district judge in Kansas 22nd District, from 1979 to 1988.
Born in Brown County, Kansas, he studied law at Washburn University, from which he graduated in 1969 after his 1966 University of Kansas School of Business degree.
Justice Gernon was also a trial advocacy instructor at University of Kansas School of Law, a judge on the Kansas Court of Appeals, 1988–2003, and Kansas Supreme Court Justice, 2003–2005.
He also served as a coach, mentor and tutor to Sigma Nu fraternity chapter members in Lawrence, Kansas, and championed the LEAD program, which served as a framework for ongoing Emily Taylor Women's Resource Center (ETWRC) peer mentoring programs.
In 1990, Judge Gernon and his wife Sharon Winslow Gernon were jointly awarded the Kansas University Alumni Association's (KUAA) Mildred Clodfelter Alumni Award for "sustained volunteer service to the University at the local level."
# Robert C. Hastie

Commodore Robert Cameron Hastie KStJ CBE RD JP RNR (born 24 May 1933), was a British senior Royal Naval Reserve officer who was the Lord-Lieutenant for West Glamorgan from April 1995 to May 2008.
In the 1983 New Year Honours, Hastie was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). He was appointed Knight of the Venerable Order of St John (KStJ) in May 2006.
# LETM1

Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LETM1 gene.

## Structure

The LETM1 protein has a transmembrane domain and a casein kinase 2 and protein kinase C phosphorylation site. The LETM1 gene is expressed in the mitochondria of many eukaryotes indicating that this is a conserved mitochondrial protein.

## Function

LETM1 is a eukaryotic protein that is expressed in the inner membrane of mitochondria. Experiments performed with human cells have been interpreted to indicate that it functions as a component of a Ca$^{2+}$/H$^+$ antiporter. Experimental results with yeast cells have been interpreted as suggesting that LETM1 functions as a component of a K$^+$/H$^+$ antiporter. The Drosophila melanogaster LETM1 protein has been shown to functionally substitute for the K$^+$/H$^+$ antiporter function in yeast cells.

## Clinical significance

Deletion of LETM1 is thought to be involved in the development of Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome in humans.
# LR91

The LR91 was an American liquid-propellant rocket engine, which was used on the second stages of Titan intercontinental ballistic missiles and launch vehicles. While the original version - the LR91-3 - ran on RP-1/LOX (as did the companion LR87-3) on the Titan I, the models that propelled the Titan II and later were switched to Aerozine 50/N$_2$O$_4$.
This engine was vacuum optimized and ran the gas-generator cycle. The thrust chamber used fuel for regenerative cooling, with separate ablative skirt. The LR87, which was used for the Titan first stage, was used as a template for the LR91.
Early LR91 engines used on the Titan I burned RP-1 and liquid oxygen. Because liquid oxygen is cryogenic, it could not be stored in the missile for long periods of time, and had to be loaded before the missile could be launched. For the Titan II, the engine was converted to use Aerozine-50 and nitrogen tetroxide, which are hypergolic and storable at room temperature. This allowed Titan II missiles to be kept fully fueled and ready to launch on short notice.

## Versions

* LR91-3: Titan I version. Run on RP-1/LOX.
* LR91-5: Titan II version. Propellant was switched to Aerozine 50, N$_2$O$_4$.
* LR91-7: Similar to LR91-5, it was used on Stage 2 of Gemini Titan II. This version was human rated.
* LR91-9: Used in earlier versions of Titan III upper stage.
* LR91-11: Version used on the Titan III and Titan IV.
* LR91-5
* LR91-7
* LR91-11
# L'Île de Sept Villes

L'Île de Sept Villes is the third album by the Toronto-based instrumental band Hylozoists. It is nominated for a Juno Award in 2010 for Instrumental Album of the Year.

## Track listing

* "The Possibility of an Island"
* "Bras d'Or Lakes"
* "The Island Of Seven Cities (FSR)"
* "Bubbles&Wheezy"
* "Dark Scene Waltz"
* "Your Band Doesn't Have The Legs I Thought It Would"
* "Parents Don't Let Your Children Grow up to Be Compressed"
* "The French Settle In"
* "Acadia Acadia"
* "Soixante-Sept"
# Robert Pomakov

Robert Pomakov (born February 25, 1981) is a Canadian operatic bass.
Born in Toronto, Ontario, Pomakov graduated from St. Michael's Choir School, Toronto, in 1999. In the summer of 1999 he attended the summer conservatory program at the Music Academy of the West. He later studied at the Curtis Institute of Music. He performed at the inaugural Luminato festival in Toronto.
Pomakov's first appeared in 2013 at the Metropolitan Opera in New York as Monterone in Verdi's Rigoletto.

## Recordings

* Handel: Apollo e Dafne / The Alchemist, Naxos Records
* European Union Baroque Orchestra under Roy Goodman
# Robert Meikle

Robert Meikle may refer to:
* Robert Desmond Meikle (1923–2021), Irish botanist
* Robert Greenshields Meikle, merchant and political figure in Quebec
# Robert Hull (disambiguation)

Robert Hull is a TV writer and producer.
Robert Hull may also refer to:
* Robert Hull (MP) (fl. 1407), English politician
* Robert D. Hull (born 1954), American politician
* Robin Hull (music critic) (Robert Hoare Hull, 1905–1960), music critic
* Bobby Hull (1939–2023), Canadian ice hockey player
* Robert Hull (architect) (1945–2014), American architect
# La 628-E8

La 628-E8 is a novel by the French novelist and playwright Octave Mirbeau, published by Fasquelle in 1907. Part travelogue, part cultural commentary and critique, Mirbeau's book highlights its own unclassifiability: "Is it a diary?”, the narrator wonders. "Is it even the account of a trip?”

## Plot

Titled after the number of Mirbeau's licence plate, La 628-E8 begins by recounting Mirbeau’s travels to Belgium, whose colonial exploitation of Belgian Congo rubber and abuse of the indigenous people Mirbeau excoriates. The book then proceeds to the Netherlands, where he finds remembrances of Rembrandt, Van Gogh and also Claude Monet. It is during his sojourn in this country that Mirbeau encounters his old friend, the deranged speculator Weil-See, whose reflections on mathematics and metaphysics are among Mirbeau’s most colorful pages. Mirbeau's fictional car trip then takes him to Germany, whose industry, cleanliness, and order stand in contrast to what Mirbeau regarded as the slovenliness and laxity of his own countrymen.

## Commentary

To Mirbeau, the automobile represents an ideal instrument for combatting ethnocentrism and xenophobia. The novel’s most electrifying descriptions recreate in readers the speeding motorist’s dazed disorientation as the missile of his vehicle carries him past epileptic telegraph poles and blurred animals along the roadside.
In an incongruous final section underscoring the novel’s fractured structure, Mirbeau appends a scandalous account of La Mort de Balzac (The Death of Balzac), relating the author’s death agonies while, in an adjoining room, his wife, Mme Hanska, engaged in sexual frolicking with painter Jean Gigoux. One can only surmise the controversial episode constituted another instance of the kind of iconoclastic writing that Mirbeau was inclined to engage in.
An English translation, not complete, has been published : Sketches of a journey, illustrated by Pierre Bonnard.
# LM (magazine)

LM was a short-lived publication from Newsfield, the publishers of computer gaming titles such as Crash! for the ZX Spectrum and Zzap!64 for the Commodore 64. Issue 1 was launched in February 1987 and ran for four editions, although a preview issue 0 was given away with the Christmas 1986 editions of Crash, Zzap! and Amtix.
The meaning of the name LM was never officially revealed to the public, though it was variously said to be short for Leisure Magazine, Leisure Monthly, or the pseudonymous Lloyd Mangram, under whose name copy frequently appeared in both Crash! and Zzap64!. Its target demographic was male, and in the 18-30 age range; this was a segment that Heat would attempt to target at its launch in 1999 (also without success), before repositioning itself.
It was a bold move for Newsfield, who had been successful in the computing sector. While the magazine was met with great enthusiasm amongst its readers, advertising revenue became increasingly hard to secure, as partners felt it wasn't projecting the image they had hoped for, nor in the numbers expected. In the face of such losses, Newsfield's limited financial resources could not support a setup requiring a large editorial team with both London and Shropshire offices. The magazine ceased publication after four issues.
In tone, the magazine borrowed some of the irreverent in-house style of both Crash! and Zzap!64, and had a wide coverage of popular culture such as books, games, TV, movies, and music in a way that would become more common with the launch of magazines such as Loaded nearly a decade later.
# Robert Murphy (Australian politician)

Robert Murphy (8 July 1876 – 27 May 1966) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Scottsdale. In 1931 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Bass. He held the seat until his defeat in 1934. He died in Launceston.
# Robert Stinnett

Robert B. Stinnett (March 31, 1924 – November 6, 2018) was an American sailor, photographer and author. He earned ten battle stars and a Presidential Unit Citation. He was the author of Day of Deceit, regarding alleged U.S. government advance knowledge of the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor, plunging the United States into World War II.

## Life

Stinnett participated in World War II from 1942 to 1946 as a naval photographer in the Pacific theater, serving in the same aerial photo group as George H. W. Bush. After the war he worked as a journalist and photographer for the Oakland Tribune. He resigned from the Tribune in 1986 to research and write.
Stinnett was a research fellow at the Independent Institute in Oakland, California. He died on November 6, 2018, aged 94.

## Day of Deceit

In 1982 Stinnett read At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor by World War II veteran and historian Gordon Prange. Stinnett went to Pearl Harbor to investigate and write a news story. His research continued for 17 years and culminated in Day of Deceit, which challenges the orthodox historiography on the attack on Pearl Harbor. Stinnett claimed to have found information showing that the attacking fleet was detected through radio and intelligence intercepts, but that the information was deliberately withheld from Admiral Kimmel, the commander of the base.
First released in December 1999, it received a nuanced review in The New York Times and is frequently referenced by proponents of advance knowledge conspiracy theories. Many historians of the period reject its thesis, pointing to what they believe are several key errors and a reliance on doubtful sources.

## The Play

In 1982 Stinnett was working as a sports photographer for the Oakland Tribune. With four seconds left in that year's "Big Game" between the Cal and Stanford football teams, Stinnett stationed himself behind the south end zone at Berkeley's California Memorial Stadium. As it happened, Cal's Kevin Moen and teammates Dwight Garner, Richard Rodgers, and Mariet Ford pulled off "The Play", in which Moen fielded the Stanford kickoff, lateraled the ball, and five laterals later, received the final lateral, which he ran into the end zone through the Stanford Band. Stinnett was in perfect position for a famous photographic shot wherein Moen is on the zenith point of his leap, roaring in triumph, the football held high over his helmet, and about to land on Stanford trombone player Gary Tyrell.
# Robert Rich

Robert Rich may refer to:
* Robert Rich, 2nd Baron Rich (c. 1537–1581)
* Robert Rich, 1st Earl of Warwick (1559–1619), English nobleman
* Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (1587–1658), English naval officer and politician
* Robert Rich (Bermuda settler) (1585-1630), English soldier and adventurer
* Robert Rich, 3rd Earl of Warwick (1611–1659)
* Robert Rich, 5th Earl of Warwick (c. 1619–1675)
* Sir Robert Rich, 2nd Baronet (c. 1648–1699), English member of parliament and a Lord of the Admiralty
* Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet (1685–1768), British field marshal
* Sir Robert Rich, 5th Baronet (1717–1785), British general
* Robert E. Rich Sr. (1913–2006), inventor of non-dairy whipped topping, founder of Rich Products
* Robert E. Rich Jr. (born 1941), chairman of Rich Products Corporation
* Robert E. Rich (born 1926), American intelligence official
* Robert F. Rich (1883–1968), politician from Pennsylvania
* Robert G. Rich Jr. (born 1930), U.S. ambassador to Belize
* Robert R. Rich (born 1941), professor of medicine, microbiology and medical education
* Robert Rich (musician) (born 1963), American ambient musician
* Robert Rich, pen name used by American screenwriter and novelist Dalton Trumbo (1905–1976) because of blacklisting
# La Libre Esthétique

La Libre Esthétique (French; "The Free Aesthetics") was an artistic society founded in 1893 in Brussels, Belgium to continue the efforts of the artists' group Les XX dissolved the same year. To reduce conflicts between artists invited or excluded, artists were no longer admitted to the society, thus all exhibitors were now invited.
The first annual exhibition was opened on 14 February 1894, and the exhibition of 1914 was the last: a year later German troops had occupied Belgium, Brussels included.

## The Annual Exhibitions, 1894-1913

All exhibitions were accompanied by a bibliophile catalogue, printed at Veuve Monnon, Brussels.

### 1894

* First exhibition, 17 February - 15 March 1894
Paul Gauguin showed five paintings, one from Martinique 1887, the others from his trip to Tahiti, 1891-1893. He even traveled to Brussels to assist at the opening, and published a review. Another artist showing works at the exhibition was Eugène Laermans.

### 1896

* Third exhibition, 22 February - 30 March 1896

### 1897

* Fourth exhibition, 25 February - 1 Avril 1897
With six recent paintings by Gauguin.

### 1898

* Fifth exhibition, 24 February - 1 April 1898

## Resources
### Footnotes

* ↑ Paul Gauguin: Exposition de la Libre Esthétique, Essais d'art libre V, February/April 1894, pp. 30-32
# La Jarrie

La Jarrie (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.

## Geography

The commune consists of the small town La Jarrie and parts of the hamlets Grolleau, Chassagné and Puyvineux.
# Roberto Della Casa

Roberto Della Casa (born 14 October 1942) is an Italian actor. He appeared in more than sixty films since 1970.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title |
| 2012 | To Rome with Love |
| 1995 | Snowball |
| 1991 | The Raffle |
| 1986 | Il commissario Lo Gatto |
| 1983 | Occhio, malocchio, prezzemolo e finocchio |
| 1983 | Pappa e ciccia |
| 1983 | Vacanze di Natale |
| 1983 | Petomaniac |
| 1982 | Il tifoso, l'arbitro e il calciatore |
| 1981 | Fracchia la belva umana |
| 1980 | I Hate Blondes |
| 1980 | La locandiera |
| 1980 | Fico d'India |
| 1979 | Lobster for Breakfast |
| 1976 | Perdutamente tuo... mi firmo Macaluso Carmelo fu Giuseppe |
# Robert Newstead

Robert Newstead (11 September 1859 – 17 February 1947) was a British entomologist, naturalist, and archaeologist. He taught himself entomology, wrote a monograph on the scale insects and later served as a professor of medical entomology at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.
Newstead was born in Swanton Abbott, Norfolk where his father worked as a butler to Boulton of Oulton Hall. His father later became a gardener at Sedgeford and young Newstead was introduced early to the world of plants and natural history. Newstead went to school but quit at the age of ten to work as a gardener, followed by work in a press, and as a telegraphist. He returned to gardening in 1883 for Osten Walker, an amateur naturalist. Walker paid for his studies and encouraged him to work at the newly founded Grosvenor Museum, Chester. He also encouraged Newstead to study the scale insects which built his repute as an entomologist. He was then given a grant to collect Coccidae from around Britain. For some time, Newstead worked as an assistant to Eleanor Ormerod, helping her compile lists of injurious insects for her annual reports. In 1905 he became a lecturer in medical entomology at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and in 1911 he held the Dutton Chair of Entomology at Liverpool. During World War I, he was involved in insect control on the front in France and Flanders. Newstead also took an interest in archaeology, especially working on the digs to examine the Roman remains in Chester between 1926 and 1929. He served as Chester City Magistrate from 1913 to 1946.
# Robert Newton (Canadian academic administrator)

Robert Newton (February 7, 1889 – November 22, 1985) was a Canadian biochemist and academic administrator. Newton attended McGill University (BSc 1912), the University of Manitoba (1921 MSc, 1923 PhD), and University of Alberta (DSc). He was a veteran of World War I. In 1919, he became professor of field husbandry at the University of Alberta. He later was professor of plant biochemistry in the Department of Field Crops, and head of the Department of Field Crops from 1924 to 1932. Newton took a leave to become the head of the Applied Biology Section of the National Research Council in Ottawa, but returned to the University in 1941 to become Dean of Agriculture, which he served until he was named president of the university. He retired in 1950 to the Pacific Coast of Canada, and died in California in 1985.
He was the younger brother of Margaret Newton.
# LTA-B3

LTA-B3 is an adaptive rowing classification. The classifications were developed and current as of March 2011.

## Definition

Rowing Australia defines this classification as "athletes with a visual impairment (LTA-B1, LTA-B2 and LTA-B3)"

## Events

Rowers in this classification compete in single and sculls for club, state, and national competitions. In international competitions, they compete in mixed cox fours sculls, with a maximum of two visually impaired rowers in the boat.

## At the Paralympic Games

For the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, the International Paralympic Committee had a zero classification at the Games policy. This policy was put into place in 2014, with the goal of avoiding last minute changes in classes that would negatively impact athlete training preparations. All competitors needed to be internationally classified with their classification status confirmed prior to the Games, with exceptions to this policy being dealt with on a case-by-case basis.

## Becoming classified

Classification is handled by FISA – International Rowing Federation. Australians seeking classification through Rowing Australia as a visually impaired rower need to provide evidence of having been classified by an International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) classifier or an Australian Paralympic Committee vision impairment classifier.
# Jiang Jinquan

Jiang Jinquan (Chinese: 江金权; born September 1959) is a Chinese politician who is serving as the director of the Central Policy Research Office. Previously, he served as deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office, chief inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and executive deputy director of the Central Policy Research Office.

## Biography

Jiang was born in Xishui, Hubei. He studied at Hubei Normal University, majoring in Chinese. He studied economics at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Jiang started his career in the Organization Department of the CCP Hubei Provincial Committee. Then, he worked in the Central Policy Research Office (CPRO) and specialized in party-building research. He moved up the ranks in the CPRO and eventually became deputy director of the office.
In May 2016, Jiang was appointed the chief inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In his capacity as chief inspector, Jiang was appointed a member of the 19th Central Discipline Inspection Commission in October 2017.
In February 2018, Jiang returned to the CPRO to serve as its executive deputy director. He was the principal deputy of CPRO Director Wang Huning, who was elevated to the Politburo Standing Committee at the 19th Party Congress in October 2017. Jiang succeeded Wang as director of the CPRO in October 2020. As director of the CPRO, Jiang accompanied General Secretary Xi Jinping on almost all of his domestic and international trips. At the 20th Party Congress, Jiang was not appointed a full member of the 20th Central Committee.