OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vitor Sapienza

Vitor Sapienza (December 16, 1933 – April 9, 2020) was a Brazilian politician and economist from the state of São Paulo.

## Life

Sapienza had a degree in economics and countable sciences from the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo.
In 1962, he started working as an accountant for the State of São Paulo. During this period of time, he had an active role at the State of São Paulo accountant union, and held various posts such as president, Secretary and Council member.
In 1986, Sapienza successfully ran for a spot at the Legislative Assembly of São Paulo. His first term started in 1987 and finished in 1991.
After his first tenure as a State Deputy, Sapienza was re-elected five consecutive times, in the years of 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006.
In 1993, he was elected by his peers as President of the Legislative Assembly of São Paulo and kept the position from 1993 to 1995.
In 1994, for a brief period of time, Sapienza was nominated Acting governor of the State of São Paulo.
At the elections of 2010 and 2014, he didn't get enough votes for re-election, but was nominated for State Deputy on both occasions due to vacancies in his political coalition.
Altogether, Sapienza held a total of eight tenures as a State Deputy.

## Death

On April 9, 2020, Sapienza died at Hospital Sírio-Libanês in São Paulo, at the age of 86 due to complications brought on by COVID-19.
# Roar (short story collection)

Roar is a 2018 short story collection written by Cecelia Ahern. Each story is a fable wherein Ahern pulls from contemporary gender dynamics to introduce a struggling woman and literalizes common clichés with magical realism, and by the end of the tale, the protagonist is empowered by a lesson or realization that allows them to overcome her oppression. The collection received positive reviews.

## Contents

* "The Woman Who Slowly Disappeared"
* "The Woman Who Was Kept on the Shelf"
* "The Woman Who Grew Wings"
* "The Woman Who Was Fed by a Duck"
* "The Woman Who Found Bite Marks on Her Skin"
* "The Woman Who Thought Her Mirror Was Broken"
* "The Woman Who Was Swallowed Up by the Floor and Who Met Lots of Other Women Down There, Too"
* "The Woman Who Ordered the Seabass Special"
* "The Woman Who Ate Photographs"
* "The Woman Who Forgot Her Name"
* "The Woman Who Had a Ticking Clock"
* "The Woman Who Sowed Seeds of Doubt"
* "The Woman Who Returned and Exchanged Her Husband"
* "The Woman Who Lost Her Common Sense"
* "The Woman Who Walked in Her Husband's Shoes"
* "The Woman Who Was a Featherbrain"
* "The Woman Who Wore Her Heart on Her Sleeve"
* "The Woman Who Wore Pink"
* "The Woman Who Blew Away"
* "The Woman Who Had a Strong Suit"
* "The Woman Who Spoke Woman"
* "The Woman Who Found the World in Her Oyster"
* "The Woman Who Guarded Gonads"
* "The Woman Who Was Pigeonholed"
* "The Woman Who Jumped on the Bandwagon"
* "The Woman Who Smiled"
* "The Woman Who Thought the Grass Was Greener on the Other Side"
* "The Woman Who Unraveled"
* "The Woman Who Cherry-Picked"
* "The Woman Who Roared"

## Reception

Roar received "Positive" reviews according to the book review aggregator Book Marks based on nine independent reviews. Kirkus Reviews called it "a sharp, breathtaking collection of fables." Ariel Balter at the New York Journal of Books found the collection to be a "great idea not very well executed" due to its lack of subtlety and nuance. Reviewing for The Irish Times, Martina Evans enjoyed the collection, but felt that the lessons could be more profound if each woman struggled a bit more before the happy ending resolution. Bethanne Patrick praised the collection for The Washington Post with a recommendation to read only one or two of the fables in a sitting in order to best appreciate them.

## Adaptation

In August 2018, before the collection was published, the stories were set to be adapted for TV. Apple TV+ picked up the series, and the series was released on April 15, 2022.
# John Small (Upper Canada politician)

John Small (August 27, 1746 – July 18, 1831) was a political figure in Upper Canada.

## Life and career

Small was born in 1746 at Cirencester in England. In 1792, he was appointed clerk of the Executive Council of Upper Canada. He was also a justice of the peace and a lieutenant in the militia.
He came to Canada with John Graves Simcoe and built one of the first residential homes in the town of York (now Toronto). His son Charles Coxwell Small expanded the home, which was later called Berkeley House. It was a prominent local building until it was torn down during the 1920s and turned into a brewery.
In January 1800, he fought a duel with John White, the attorney general for the province. White had insulted Small's wife's honour after a quarrel between the two men's wives. Small shot White in the hip, a wound he died from a few days later. He was charged with and acquitted of murder, even though the presiding judge, Henry Allcock, claimed to be a friend of White. Small's reputation in the elite society of York was ruined by the affair.
As a result of land speculation, Small was able to achieve some level of prosperity. He died at York in 1831.
His elder son, James Edward Small, served in the legislative assemblies of Upper Canada and of the Province of Canada. His younger son, Charles Coxwell Small, followed in his father's footsteps as Chief Clerk. His grandson, also named John Small, served in the parliament of the Province of Canada and in the Parliament of Canada after Confederation.
# International Mathematics Research Notices

The International Mathematics Research Notices is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal. Originally published by Duke University Press and Hindawi Publishing Corporation, it is now published by Oxford University Press. The Executive Editor is Zeev Rudnick (Tel Aviv University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 1.452, ranking it 40th out of 317 journals in the category "Mathematics". According to SCImago Journal & Country Rank, International Mathematics Research Notices is ranked top 48th of more than 371 internationally circulated journals in the field of mathematics.
# Wuhaoqu Township

Wuhaoqu (Chinese: 五号渠乡; pinyin: Wǔhàoqú xiāng) is a township in Yanqi Hui Autonomous County in the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, in Northwestern China. According to the 2000 Chinese census, the township has a population of 14,791 people and covers 96 square kilometres.
# Pristurus rupestris

Pristurus rupestris, also known as the rock semaphore gecko, Blanford's semaphore gecko, and Persia rock gecko, is a species of gecko in the genus Pristurus which inhabits parts of Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, Somalia, and Eritrea. This species lives in stony formations, mainly in flat, hard, sandy, barren regions and gravelly plains. It also lives in open, dry forest and bushland. It can be found under stones, on the walls of buildings, and on beaches. It is an egg-laying species.
# Virrey (TransMilenio)

The simple station Virrey is part of the TransMilenio mass-transit system of Bogotá, Colombia, which opened in the year 2000.

## Location

The station is located in northern Bogotá, specifically on Autopista Norte with Calle 90.
It serves the Chicó and Polo Club neighborhoods, as well as the commercial areas on Calle 90 and part of the Zona Rosa area. It's the closest one to the "Parque de la 93"

## History

After the opening of the Portal de Usme in early 2001, the Autopista Norte line was opened. This station was added as a northerly expansion of that line, which was completed with the opening of the Portal del Norte later that year.
The station is named Virrey due to its proximity to Parque El Virrey, a greenway and bike path that follow Calle 88 from Avenida 7a to Autopista Norte.

## Station Services
### Old trunk services

Services rendered until April 29, 2006 :
| Kind | Routes | Frequency |
| Current | | Every 3 minutes on average |
| Express | | Every 2 minutes on average |

### Main line service

Service as of April 29, 2006 :
| Type | Northwards | Southwards | Frequency |
| Local | 8 | 8 | Every three minutes |
| Express Monday through Saturday All day | B10 B11 B18 | D10 G11 L18 | Every two minutes |
| Express Monday through Saturday Morning rush | B52 B71 | | Every two minutes |
| Express Monday through Friday Mixed service, rush and non-rush | B27 B50 | H27 C61 | Every two minutes |
| Express Monday through Saturday Mixed service, rush and non-rush | B74 | J72 | Every two minutes |
| Express Sunday and holidays | B93 | H93 | Every 3–4 minutes |

### Feeder routes

This station does not have connections to feeder routes.

### Inter-city service

This station does not have inter-city service.
# Cristoforo di Messisbugo

Cristoforo di Messisbugo or Cristoforo da Messisbugo (15th century – 1548) was a steward of the House of Este in Ferrara and an Italian cook of the Renaissance.

## Biography

From 1524 to 1548, di Messisbugo served at the courts of Alfonso I and his son, Ercole II, in Ferrara, where he organized many lavish banquets. Greatly appreciated as a master of ceremonies, he was made count palatine on 20 January 1533 by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
His cookbook Banchetti, composizioni di vivande e apparecchio generale, which was published posthumously in 1549, is addressed to those preparing princely feasts and provides detailed descriptions of the menus for his official banquets at the Este court. As well as listing recipes, it also discusses logistics, decor, and cooking equipment. Libro novo nel qual si insegna a far d'ogni sorte di vivanda, attributed to him and published in Venice in 1564, well after his death, is largely a repetition of his recipes in Banchetti. Some of the dishes he described survive today in the Ferrara area.
The first known reference to the preparation of Beluga sturgeon caviar (from the Po River) in Italy is in Messisbugo's books. He described serving and preserving caviar.
He is buried in the church of the monastery of Sant'Antonio in Polesine.
# Peña Blanca, Ngäbe-Buglé

Peña Blanca is a corregimiento in Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca in the Republic of Panama.
# Bistar

Bistar (Serbian Cyrillic: Бистар) is a village in the municipality of Bosilegrad, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 114 people.
# Burkinabé Socialist Bloc

Burkinabé Socialist Bloc (in French: Bloc Socialiste Burkinabé) was a Sankarist political party in Burkina Faso. BSB was founded in December 1990 by Nongma Ernest Ouédraogo. Ouédraogo became the general secretary of BSB. Ouédraogo had been released from jail the previous year. He had served as Minister of Security under Sankara.
The slogan of BSB was Action et Victoire et Bloc.
In August 1995 Ouédraogo was jailed following a libel suit. He was released five months later.
In January 1996 a faction split and joined the Congress for Democracy and Progress.
In 2000 BSB merged into the Sankarist Pan-African Convention (CPS).
# San Martín, Meta

San Martín is a town and municipality in the Meta Department, Colombia.

## Climate

Climate data for San Martín (Barbasal), elevation 250 m (820 ft), (1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 33.3 (91.9) | 33.5 (92.3) | 32.5 (90.5) | 30.9 (87.6) | 30.3 (86.5) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.5 (85.1) | 30.4 (86.7) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.2 (88.2) | 31.2 (88.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.2 (88.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.6 (78.1) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.4 (75.9) | 24.9 (76.8) | 25.5 (77.9) | 25.6 (78.1) | 25.7 (78.3) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.6 (78.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.3 (68.5) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.4 (70.5) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.2 (70.2) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.1 (70.0) | 21.4 (70.5) | 21.4 (70.5) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.2 (70.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29.6 (1.17) | 63.5 (2.50) | 189.9 (7.48) | 341.3 (13.44) | 354.9 (13.97) | 353.9 (13.93) | 281.9 (11.10) | 209.4 (8.24) | 187.5 (7.38) | 264.9 (10.43) | 215.3 (8.48) | 55.8 (2.20) | 2,513.2 (98.94) |
| Average precipitation days | 3 | 6 | 13 | 19 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 7 | 175 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 76 | 81 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 80 | 83 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 207.7 | 172.2 | 133.3 | 123.0 | 133.3 | 123.0 | 133.3 | 145.7 | 156.0 | 170.5 | 180.0 | 189.1 | 1,867.1 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.7 | 6.1 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.1 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# Wuhayb ibn al-Ward

Wuhayb ibn al-Ward al-Makki (died c. 770) was a tabi'i Islamic scholar of hadith. Born and raised in Mecca (modern-day Saudi Arabia), it is said that he spent his life in mortification and worship (ibadah), and a number of miracles are attributed to him. He taught Ibn `Uyayna and Ibn al-Mubarak, and a few ahadith are given on his authority in Sahih Muslim and by al-Tirmidhi.
# List of elections in 1857

The following elections occurred in the year 1857.
* 1857 French legislative election
* 1857 Liberian general election

## North America
### United States

* 1857 New York state election
* United States Senate election in New York, 1857

## Europe
### United Kingdom

* List of MPs elected in the 1857 United Kingdom general election
* 1857 United Kingdom general election
# Philip P. Mason

Philip Parker Mason (1927 – 2021) was an American archivist and author, as well as the founding director of the Walter P. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs on the campus of Wayne State University in Detroit. Mason was professor emeritus at Wayne State, where he taught American History and Archival Administration for many years.
Mason received his B.A. from Boston University and a masters and Ph.D. from the University of Michigan.
He wrote or co-authored eleven books, and almost 100 articles. He was awarded the 2009 Historical Society of Michigan Lifetime Achievement Award, and an Award of Merit from the AASLH Leadership in History Awards for his works on the history of Michigan. He was President of the Society of American Archivists from 1970-1971 and president of the board of the Historical Society of Michigan in 1967.
He appeared as himself in the 2002 TV documentary Rumrunners, Moonshiners, & Bootleggers.
Mason died on May 6, 2021.

## Books

* A History of American Roads (Rand McNally, 1967)
* Call the Next Witness
* Heiress to a Proud Heritage
* Directory of Jewish Archival Institutions (Wayne State University Press, 1975)
* The Ambassador Bridge: A Monument to Progress (Wayne State University Press, 1987)
* Copper Country Journal: The Diary of Schoolmaster Henry Hobart, 1863-1864 (Wayne State University Press, 1991)
* Rumrunning and the Roaring Twenties (Wayne State University Press, 1995)
* Tracy W. McGregor: Humanitarian, Philanthropist, and Detroit Civic Leader (Wayne State University Press, 2008)

### Co-authored

* Harper of Detroit: The Origin and Growth of a Great Metropolitan Hospital with Frank Bury Woodford (Wayne State University Press, 1964)
* Labor History Archives in the United States: A Guide for Researching and Teaching with Daniel J. Leab (Wayne State University Press, 1992)
* Prismatic of Detroit: Prismatic Club, 1866-1966 with Paul T. Rankin (Prismatic Club of Detroit, 1970)
# Black Star of Queensland

The Black Star of Queensland, also known as the Brimstone of Queensland, named after its nature and place of origin, is a 733-carat (146.6 g) black sapphire, and was the world's largest gem quality star sapphire until The Star of Adam was discovered.
The Black Star sapphire is an oval-shaped gemstone cut as a cabochon like all other star sapphires. The center of the star is much bigger and brighter than normal star sapphires. The bright six-ray star is set in a completely black background. The beauty of the stone is further enhanced by its white gold setting. The large black stone is surrounded by a row of 35 pear-shaped smaller white diamonds.
As with all star sapphires, the star moves with changing angles of illumination and observation and belongs to the group of minerals known as corundum, a crystalline form of aluminum oxide (Al$_2$O$_3$).
The star effect in star sapphires is caused by microscopic inclusions, mainly rutile, aligned in a threefold pattern inside the stone that reflects the light entering the stone through its dome shaped face into a six-ray star pattern.
The gem was first discovered in 1938 by 12 year old Roy Spencer, who found the stone in a nearby hillside in Queensland, Australia. Roy took the stone home to show his father, Harry Spencer, who regarded the stone as a large black crystal and used it as a doorstop for 10 years. In 1947, Armenian-born, Los Angeles-based jeweler Harry Kazanjian visited the Spencer family and took interest in the stone. Harry Spencer agreed to sell the stone to Kazanjian for $18,000, with which Spencer built a new house for his family. Kazanjian spent two months studying the stone before making the decision to cut it, sacrificing over 400 carats to reveal the six-pointed star.
The gemstone was loaned to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., in 1969, and in 1971 it received some brief television fame when the stone featured around the neck of Cher. Since this time, in spite of a small number of charity events, the stone has rarely been seen in public.
Eager to fulfill a childhood dream, with an overwhelming desire to own the stone, jeweler and artist Jack Armstrong, along with his wealthy girlfriend Gabrielle Grohe, convinced the Kazanjian family to sell the stone to fund a scholarship at the Gemological Institute of America.
A lengthy, controversial and bitter international ownership battle between Armstrong and Grohe ensued, marked by the New York Post which ran a story with the headline "Heavyweight Gem $cuffle". The legal dispute ended quietly outside of court in a confidential agreement. According to court documents, Armstrong agreed to pay $500,000 within three months to buy out Grohe.
# Siv Benhafsi

Siv Benhafsi (born 1952 in Bergen) is a Norwegian novelist.
Benhafsi grew up in Porsgrunn, and she was educated as a nurse. She moved to France for the first time in the early 1970s as an au pair, and later resided there for periods. In the mid-1980s she moved to Algeria after marrying an Algerian sociologist.
Her debut novel Svart Paris ("Black Paris") issued on Pax (1987) was set in Paris. Her sophomore publication was the short story collection En mor i Alger, set in Algiers and also published on Pax (1994). It was reviewed in Verdens Gang ("die throw" of 4).
# Risk factor (disambiguation)

Risk factor most commonly refers to:
* Risk factor (epidemiology)
* Risk factor (finance)
It may also refer to:
* Risk factor (criminology)
* Risk factor (computing)
* Risk dominance in game theory
# Bettina Liano

Bettina Liano (born 1966) is an Italian-Australian fashion designer, creator and former owner of the "Bettina Liano" women's clothing and jeans label.

## Career

Liano's career in fashion started by chance in the early 1980s when Melbourne retailer Joe Silitto noticed a dress that she had made for her sister, and asked about selling the design. In 1983, Liano and her mother opened a shop, "Sempre L'Unico", in Toorak Village. The family business, which included Liano's two sisters, did well and they opened two more shops, in Chapel Street and the city.
After leaving Sempre L'Unico to start her own business, Liano, with her husband Roy Christou, launched the eponymous Bettina Liano label in 1989. Two years later they started making jeans – "spray-on-tight, hipster jeans", in contrast to the loose fitting styles of the time – which became one of her most popular items.
In 1999, Liano won a Federal Court injunction preventing Satch Clothing from selling clothes that had been made using her design in breach of copyright. She was one of the first designers in Australia to take such legal action to protect her intellectual property. She also won settlements against other stores copying of her designs.
In 2005, Liano designed a collection of clothes for young girls, sold exclusively by Myer, under the children's clothing brand Barbie.
In 2010, Liano launched a diffusion label "T by Bettina Liano", exclusive to Myer. She also won Cosmopolitan magazine's Fun Fearless Female award in the Designer category.
In 2011, the business went into administration, but in 2012 recovered after striking a licensing agreement with the Sydney-based Apparel Group. Liano retained control of the business.
At its peak, Liano had eight stores in Australia. In February 2013, Liano closed all except one of her Australian stores and opened one in SoHo, Manhattan.
In September 2013 the business again went into administration. Subsequently, the "Bettina Liano", "T by Bettina Liano" and "O Jeans" trademarks were acquired by the Apparel Group. In 2015 Liano created a new label "BYBL" ("By Bettina Liano").

## Personal life

Liano was born c. 1966, one of four children of Italian immigrant parents. She grew up in Brighton, Victoria.
At 23, she married Roy Christou; they have two daughters. Liano and Christou were also business partners. They later separated.
Liano is the sister of Gina Liano.
# International Mausoleum Company

The International Museum Company was an organization, based in the United States, which built community mausoleums under patents of the company's vice-president, W. I. Hood, thus protecting their construction in reinforced concrete.
Initially formed as the National Museum Company, the first mausoleum corporation in the United States, in Shelby, Ohio, its headquarters were moved in 1914 to the First National Bank building in Chicago, Illinois. The company was renamed during this move.
By 1911, the company had erected over three hundred mausoleums, sixty-six of which contained over 17,000 crypts.
Cecil E. Bryan, known as the "dean of mausoleum builders", became one of its architects by 1912. He designed over eighty mausoleums during his lifetime.
The company's motto was "The Better Way", referencing their community plan of mausoleum burial as being "the best the world has ever known and the surest of universal adoption."
In 1913, Princeton, Illinois, enjoined the company from building a community mausoleum in the city's Oakland Cemetery, despite the two having entered into a contract to have built a 240-crypt mausoleum built out of Bedford stone. Judge Joe A. Davis, in the Circuit Court of Princeton, granted the voiding of the contract. Several of the aldermen who were initially against the project changed their minds upon being shown a completed mausoleum in Galesburg, Illinois, by S. W. Holmes of the International Museum Company; however, several citizens signed a petition asking the council to refuse to grant the project's final approval.