# Santa Catarina Pinula

Santa Catarina Pinula is a town, with a population of 70,982 (2018 census) and a municipality in the Guatemala Department of Guatemala.

## Names

Its name, according to Guatemalan colonial historian Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán in his book Recordación Florida comes from:
* Santa Catarina: the name of it saint patron Catherine of Alexandria
* Pinula: from pipil "Flour of water" ("Pinul": Flour of Pinole and "Ha": Water). This may come from the Mexican natives who came alongside Alvarado's forces.

## History

The town was originally a native settlement called Pankaj, or Pinola, whose inhabitants presented a strong defense to the conquistadors from Pedro de Alvarado, until they had to finally surrender to the Spanish invaders at the fortified position of Jalpatagua, where they were withdrawn along with the Petapa natives.

### Spanish colony

After the Spanish conquest, a town was founded in place of the old native settlement. It soon became one of the most notable settlements in the area, eventually serving as a curato headquarters for the Order of Preachers, which in turn was under the jurisdiction of the Amatitlán convent.
Order of Preachers doctrines and curatos in the Capitanía General of Guatemala in 1638 :
| Convento | Doctrinas | Convento | Doctrinas |
| Guatemala | Chimaltenango Jocotenango Sumpango San Juan Sacatepéquez San Pedro Sacatepéquez Santiago Sacatepéquez Rabinal San Martín Jilotepeque Escuintla Milpas Altas Milpas Bajas San Lucas Sacatepéquez Barrio de Santo Domingo | Amatitlán | Amatitlán Petapa Mixco San Cristóbal |
| Guatemala | Chimaltenango Jocotenango Sumpango San Juan Sacatepéquez San Pedro Sacatepéquez Santiago Sacatepéquez Rabinal San Martín Jilotepeque Escuintla Milpas Altas Milpas Bajas San Lucas Sacatepéquez Barrio de Santo Domingo | Verapaz | Cahabón Cobán Chamelco San Cristóbal Tactic |
| Guatemala | Chimaltenango Jocotenango Sumpango San Juan Sacatepéquez San Pedro Sacatepéquez Santiago Sacatepéquez Rabinal San Martín Jilotepeque Escuintla Milpas Altas Milpas Bajas San Lucas Sacatepéquez Barrio de Santo Domingo | Sonsonate | Nahuizalco Tacuxcalco |
| San Salvador | Apastepeque Chontales Cojutepeque Cuscatlán Milpas Bajas Tonacatepeque | Sacapulas | Sacapulas Cunén Nebaj Santa Cruz San Andrés Sajcabajá Zacualpa Chichicastenango |
In 1690, when Fuentes y Guzmán wrote Recordación Florida the town was prosperous and its agriculture was booming, but it was not as well to do if its silver mines had been exploited. Fuentes y Guzmán told the story that, when the church was being built, the workers found a thick silver lining, but they rushed to hide it from the Spaniards, so the latter could not use it.
In 1754, due to a Royal Decree, all the doctrines and curatos still belonging to regular orders were transferred to the secular clergy authorities.

### El Cambray II tragedy: 2015

On the night of 1 October 2015 and following several days of heavy rains, a hill collapsed causing a mudslide that destroyed El Cambray II settlement, leaving behind hundreds of missing people, according to the first official reports. Besides, there were nine confirmed deaths, 34 injured and up to 65 displaced on more than 100 destroyed homes. After the landslide, the area was in Code Red.

## Administrative organization

The region has a municipal capital (Santa Catarina Pinula), fifteen villages and seven settlements.
| Division | Name |
| Villages | Cuchilla del Carmen |
| Villages | El Carmen |
| Villages | Salvadora I |
| Villages | Salvadora II |
| Villages | El Pueblito |
| Villages | Nueva Concepción |
| Villages | Puerta Parada |
| Villages | Piedra Parada Cristo Rey |
| Villages | Piedra Parada El Rosario |
| Villages | San José El Manzano |
| Villages | Laguna Bermeja |
| Villages | El Pajón |
| Villages | Manzano La Libertad |
| Villages | Don Justo |
| Villages | Canchón |
| Subdivisión | Nombre |
| Settlements | Trapichito |
| Settlements | Pepe Nance |
| Settlements | Cambray I |
| Settlements | Cambray II |
| Settlements | El Zarzal |
| Settlements | Los Cipreses |
| Settlements | Laguneta |

## Climate

Santa Catarina Pinula has a subtropical highland climate (Köppen: Cwb).
Climate data for Santa Catarina Pinula :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.5 (74.3) | 24.7 (76.5) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.2 (79.2) | 24.4 (75.9) | 24.4 (75.9) | 24.8 (76.6) | 24.2 (75.6) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.2 (73.8) | 24.6 (76.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 19.6 (67.3) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 19.9 (67.8) | 19.8 (67.6) | 19.9 (67.8) | 19.6 (67.3) | 19.1 (66.4) | 18.3 (64.9) | 17.8 (64.0) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.0 (53.6) | 12.3 (54.1) | 13.2 (55.8) | 14.3 (57.7) | 15.1 (59.2) | 15.5 (59.9) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.1 (59.2) | 15.1 (59.2) | 14.7 (58.5) | 13.4 (56.1) | 12.4 (54.3) | 14.0 (57.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 6 (0.2) | 27 (1.1) | 155 (6.1) | 270 (10.6) | 234 (9.2) | 186 (7.3) | 249 (9.8) | 157 (6.2) | 30 (1.2) | 7 (0.3) | 1,326 (52.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||

## Sport

Guatemalan Olympic swimmer Kevin Avila Soto was born here.

## Geographic location

Santa Catarina Pinula is completely surrounded by Guatemala Department municipalities:
vtePlaces adjacent to Santa Catarina Pinula :
Guatemala City
Guatemala City
Villa Canales
Santa Catarina Pinula
San José Pinula
Villa Canales and Fraijanes
Villa Canales :