OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paste (Unix)

paste is a Unix command line utility which is used to join files horizontally (parallel merging) by outputting lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines of each file specified, separated by tabs, to the standard output.

## History

The original Bell Labs version was written by Gottfried W. R. Luderer. The version of paste bundled in GNU coreutils was written by David M. Ihnat and David MacKenzie. The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities.

## Usage

The paste utility is invoked with the following syntax:

## Description

Once invoked, paste will read all its file arguments. For each corresponding line, paste will append the contents of each file at that line to its output along with a tab. When it has completed its operation for the last file, paste will output a newline character and move on to the next line.
paste exits after all streams return end of file. The number of lines in the output stream will equal the number of lines in the input file with the largest number of lines. Missing values are represented by empty strings.
Though potentially useful, an option to have paste emit an alternate string for a missing field (such as "NA") is not standard.
A sequence of empty records at the bottom of a column of the output stream may or may not have been present in the input file corresponding to that column as explicit empty records, unless you know the input file supplied all rows explicitly (e.g. in the canonical case where all input files all do indeed have the same number of lines).

## Options

The paste utility accepts the following options:
-d|--delimiters delimiters, which specifies a list of delimiters to be used instead of tabs for separating consecutive values on a single line. Each delimiter is used in turn; when the list has been exhausted, paste begins again at the first delimiter.
-s|--serial, which causes paste to append the data in serial rather than in parallel; that is, in a horizontal rather than vertical fashion.

## Examples

For the following examples, assume that names.txt is a plain-text file that contains the following information:
and that numbers.txt is another plain-text file that contains the following information:
The following example shows the invocation of paste with names.txt and numbers.txt as well as the resulting output:
When invoked with the --serial option (-s on BSD or older systems), the output of paste is adjusted such that the information is presented in a horizontal fashion:
Finally, the use of the --delimiters option (-d on BSD or older systems) is illustrated in the following example:
As an example usage of both, the paste command can be used to concatenate multiple consecutive lines into a single row:
# Shreve's least gecko

Shreve's least gecko (Sphaerodactylus shrevei), also known commonly as the northwest Haiti blotched sphaero and the northwest Haitian blotched geckolet, is an endangered species of lizard in the family Sphaerodactylidae. The species is endemic to Haiti.

## Etymology

The specific name, shrevei, is in honor of American herpetologist Benjamin Shreve.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of S. shrevei are forest and rocky areas, at altitudes from sea level to 50 m (160 ft).

## Description

Dorsally, S. shrevei is ash gray, with a dorsal pattern that is blotched (rather than lineate). Ventrally, it is uniform white. Adult females may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 30 mm (1.2 in). Adult males are smaller, attaining an SVL of 24 mm (0.94 in).

## Reproduction

S. shrevei is oviparous.
# Rugby union in Czechoslovakia

Rugby union in Czechoslovakia was a moderately popular sport. It was most popular in Moravia (especially Brno), Prague and Bratislava

## Governing body

Czechoslovakia was a founder member of FIRA in 1934, and joined the IRB in 1988.
Traditionally, Czech rugby has centred on a "section of the middle class" in and around Prague, which has been fairly small but fairly loyal to the sport.

## History

Rugby union was a moderately popular sport in Czechoslovakia
Josef Rössler-Ořovský, who introduced a number of sports in the then Czechoslovakia, among others skiing and tennis, was originally credited with starting rugby as well back in 1895. He went to England and brought back a rugby ball with him. Efforts were made to play the game at the Czech Yacht Club, but a public struggle ensued, and rugby subsequently never really caught on.
Rugby union was only properly introduced to the country by the writer Ondřej Sekora, when he returned from living in France in 1926, with a rugby ball and set of rules; he also coined Czech language rugby terminology. Brno, the Moravian capital is considered the cradle of rugby in Czechoslovakia, and is where the first match took place, between SK Moravská Slávie and AFK Žižka Brno, with the former winning 31–17. Both of these teams were trained by Sekora.
    "Much to everyone's surprise, Eastern Bloc countries are among the game's vigorous participants, seemingly oblivious to rugby's capitalist class-ridden origins. Rumania, Poland and Czechoslovakia are members of the Federation Internationale de Rugby Amateur, the governing body for those countries not in the IB."

### 1970s, 1980s and 1990s

Czechoslovakia was not invited to the first Rugby World Cup in 1987, and did not qualify for the second in 1991.
Rugby union, like many other sports, was long to be connected in the public mind with the less savoury aspects of Communism:
    "In fact, since the end of the Second World War, the East European (and world communist) sports system was dominated by clubs of the security forces (often in Eastern Europe bearing the Soviet name Dinamo) and the armed forces. Most sports heroes, therefore, have officially been soldiers or police officers, guardians of public order and role models for a disciplined, obedient and patriotic citizenry. So to many people, elite sport was identified with paramilitary coercion."

### Break up of Czechoslovakia

The breakup of Czechoslovakia led to the similar breakup of its sporting bodies, with separate Czech and Slovak teams etc.

## Domestic competition

* Rugby Championship of Czechoslovakia
* Soviet Cup (rugby)

## National team

The SFR Czechoslovakia side was, strictly speaking, a multinational side, consisting as it did of representatives of all the various nations within the SFR Czechoslovakia.
Its successor teams are the Czech Republic national rugby union team and the Slovakia national rugby union team.
# Sarah Hosking

Sarah Hosking (born 2 December 1995) is an Australian rules footballer with the Richmond Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). She previously played for the Carlton Football Club from 2017 to 2020. Hosking represented Victoria in the inaugural AFL Women's State of Origin match in 2017, and is the identical twin sister of Richmond team-mate Jess Hosking.

## Early life

Hosking was born a minute earlier than her twin sister Jess. Both formerly played netball in their youth and were playing for Seaford in the VFL Women's (VFLW) prior to being drafted.

## AFL Women's career
### Carlton (2017–2020)

Hosking was drafted by Carlton with the club's third selection and nineteenth overall in the 2016 AFL Women's draft. She made her debut in the inaugural AFL Women's match against Collingwood at Ikon Park while her sister Jess missed the inaugural season with a left anterior cruciate ligament injury, making her debut in the corresponding match the following year. On 2 September 2017, Hosking played for Victoria in the inaugural AFL Women's State of Origin match.
In 2018, Hosking recorded a then-league record 16 tackles in Carlton's round 2 win against Greater Western Sydney in heavy rain. Her record was broken two weeks later when Adelaide's Ebony Marinoff recorded 21 tackles, a national senior-level record, in similar conditions against the same opponent in round 4.

### Richmond (2021–present)

In August 2020, Hosking was traded to Richmond for an end-of-first-round draft selection.

## Statistics

    Statistics are correct to the end of round 4, 2023.
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Votes |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | Votes |
| 2017 | Carlton | 10 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 35 | 28 | 63 | 11 | 17 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 9.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 0 |
| 2018 | Carlton | 10 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 39 | 84 | 12 | 40 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 6.4 | 5.6 | 12.0 | 1.7 | 5.7 | 1 |
| 2019 | Carlton | 10 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 55 | 32 | 87 | 19 | 27 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 9.7 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 3 |
| 2020 | Carlton | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 51 | 31 | 82 | 18 | 22 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 7.3 | 4.4 | 11.7 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 0 |
| 2021 | Richmond | 7 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 73 | 56 | 129 | 31 | 38 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 14.3 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 0 |
| 2022 (S6) | Richmond | 7 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 56 | 60 | 116 | 16 | 46 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 12.9 | 1.8 | 5.1 | |
| 2022 (S7) | Richmond | 7 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 59 | 50 | 109 | 20 | 38 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 7.1 | 2.9 | 5.4 | |
| 2023 | Richmond | 7 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 13 | 32 | 7 | 9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 4.3 | 10.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | |
| Career | Career | Career | 58 | 7 | 11 | 393 | 309 | 702 | 134 | 235 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 12.1 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 4 |

## Honours and achievements

Individual
* Victoria representative honours in AFL Women's State of Origin: 2017
# Hucisko, Gmina Ruda Maleniecka

Hucisko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ruda Maleniecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south-west of Ruda Maleniecka, 22 km (14 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 41 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Cardiff Corporation Tramways

Cardiff Corporation Tramways was a company that operated an electric tramway service in Cardiff between 1902 and 1950.

## History

Horse trams had run in the city from 1872 until 1904. The first tram route ran from High Street in the city centre to the Docks run by the Cardiff Tramway Company. In 1898, Cardiff County Borough Council obtained Parliamentary powers to take over all the tramways in the area, and to use new electric trams, owning them from 1903. The routes formally opened on 1 May 1902. Electricity was supplied from the Cardiff power station at Roath adjacent to the tram depot.
In 1904, more than 23 million passengers had been carried in that year, up from 18 million the previous year. and when Cardiff became a city in 1905, 131 electric trams were operating on the network, mainly focusing on the busy Cardiff Docks. The Corporation also operated a city-wide parcel delivery service. The Hayes Island Snack Bar was built in 1911 as the main parcel depot and functioned until closure in 1942.
In 1928, the network peaked at 142 cars and 19.51 miles (31.3 km) route miles. Traffic and receipts were buoyant; during the year ending 31 March 1928 passengers totalled 42,440,000 with receipts of £265,028. Car miles had reached 3,490,000.
By 1929, the tram network stretched from Victoria Park in the west, to Grangetown and Cardiff Docks in the south, to Roath and Splott in the east, and to Gabalfa in the north.
The city council refused motor buses in 1907 but allowed them in 1910, operating its own from 1920, although 81 tramcars were introduced by Cardiff Corporation Transport to negotiate the city's low railway bridges. By 1939, these vehicles were becoming worn out and it was decided to phase out tramcars.
From 1902 until 1943, conductors on each tram collected fares but this was later replaced with a pay-as-you-enter system, with fares costing 1d.

## Closure

The system was closed on 20 January 1950, when electric trams were replaced with electric trolleybuses.

## Heath Park Electric Tramway

A short 18 in (457 mm) gauge tramway and electric trams were built by members of Cardiff Model Engineering Society (including a former employee of Cardiff Corporation Tramways). The trams run on a 200 m (220 yd) track at the Society's grounds in Heath Park, where visitors can ride the tram.
# Sins of the Fathers (1948 film)

Sins of the Fathers is a 1948 Canadian film about the effect of syphilis in a small Canadian town. Ben Edwards is a crusading doctor who tries to pass a public health law, against the hypocritical opposition of the leaders of the community who profit from prostitution and slums. Finally the opponents find out that they themselves have syphilis and have transmitted it to their own children. The film incorporates educational films produced by the U.S. Public Health Service. Directed by Phil Rosen, it was very successful at the box office.
# Arctosyrphus willingii

Arctosyrphus willingii, the northern longbeak, is a species of rat-tail maggot fly in the family Syrphidae. This species was formerly a member of the genus Lejops.

## Description

For terminology seeSpeight key to genera and glossary

### Size

Length 11–12 mm (0.43–0.47 in)

### Head

In males, the frons is about one-half as wide as the eyes, while in females it is nearly as wide. In males, the pile on the upper half of the frons is black, while on the lower half it is grayish white. In females, there is black pile on the frons that extends a little below the upper half. The vertex is shining black and very thinly dusted gray pollinose and the ocelli are very widely separated. The posterior orbits have whitish pile below and yellowish pile above. The face on the lower half is produced obtusely downward and forward into a cone. The face is shining black, densely grayish-white pollinose on the sides, and bearing pile of a similar color along the margins of the eyes. The face beneath the antennae is concave for a short distance and then nearly straight to the tip. There is a moderately broad shining black stripe in the middle of the face extending from the tip of the epistoma nearly to the base of the antennas. The ventral side of the epistoma is shining black. The gena below the eyes are narrow, dull black, and grayish pilose. The antennal prominence is narrowly reddish above the antennae. The first two joints of the antennae are shining black, while the third joint is brownish black and oval with white dusted gray pollen. The arista is brown, bare, long, and slender, tapering.

### Thorax

The scutum is shining black, with the lateral stripes being rather indistinct and gray. In the female, there are two velvety black spots at the tip of each mesothoracic suture. The pile of the mesonotum is grayish and the scutellum is shining black and gray pilose. The pleurae are also shining black and densely grayish pilose.

### Abdomen

The abdomen is oval and shorter than the wings, with a wholly shining black surface. The pile of the abdomen is pale yellowish, but across the disc on the posterior half of each segment there is shorter black pile.

### Wings

The wings of the male are subhyaline, while those of the female are slightly smoky brown. The veins and stigma are brownish, and the calypteres are whitish with white pile. The halteres are brownish yellow, and the vein R4+5 loops into cell R4+5.

### Legs

The legs are shining black, with the tip of the femora and the base of the tibiae faintly brownish. The pile is mostly grayish and black in reflections, and the tarsi are ochraceous in some reflections. The hind femora are considerably enlarged, with the greatest swelling near the middle. The hind tibiae are arcuate, not ending in a spur. All the tarsi are golden pubescent beneath.

## Distribution

Canada: Yukon, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan.
United States: Alaska, Minnesota, North Dakota.
# Spilosoma nyasana

Spilosoma nyasana is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Rothschild in 1933. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Malawi.
# Code Louisville

Code Louisville is a public–private partnership program in Louisville, Kentucky, with the aim of fostering software developers to bolster technological innovation in the region. It received national attention in April 2015 when President Barack Obama visited the region to announce TechHire and promote the value of the federal government working with local governments.

## Purpose

Code Louisville is a public–private partnership program in Louisville that began in November 2013. Metro Louisville Department of Economic Growth and Innovation, Greater Louisville Inc., EnterpriseCorp, the Louisville Free Public Library, and KentuckianaWorks are partnered with local employers partner who hire graduates of the program. It is a free 12-week online coding course open to those with a library card. It aims to foster software developers in the area, so as to bolster a technological innovation in the region. The program works in collaboration with Treehouse, including a prerequisite course.

## Effectiveness

The program has been lauded for its success compared to similar programs in other cities. In April 2015, President Obama visited Louisville to praise the program and to use it as an example of the federal TechHire initiative that provides grants to similar programs. In 2015, it was announced that Code Louisville would attempt to create a program to teach others cities how to run similar programs.
# Guatemala at the 1988 Summer Paralympics

Guatemala competed at the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul, South Korea. 1 competitor from Guatemala won a single gold medal and finished 38th medal table.
# Kapsta

Kapsta is a village in Elva Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia.
# Barbara Bedette

Barbara A. Bedette (March 27, 1932 – February 23, 2006) was an American paleontologist. Her creation of 30,860 index cards for Cenozoic molluscs has become invaluable to the field of Atlantic and Gulf Coast Plains fossils studies.

## Early life

Barbara Audrey Bedette was born in Conneaut, Ohio, to Abraham and Margaret Bedette. She graduated from Bowling Green State University with a degree in geology. She was a member of the Gamma Theta Upsilon honour society of geography.

## Career

Moving to Washington, DC in 1954, Bedette began to work as an assistant to paleontologists such as Harry S. Ladd and Wendell Woodring.

### Paleontology

Bedette worked for the U.S. Geological Survey until her retirement in 1988. Her offices were in the National Museum of Natural History, where she collaborated with its scientists. She collated the Museum's vast collection and created a reference file of index cards for thousands of Cenozoic molluscs, an endeavour that proved invaluable to field researchers who could quickly ascertain if their discoveries had already been described before across the numerous journals of the discipline.
Bedette contributed to the Lexicon of Geologic Names of the United States. She counted the mollusc species and genera described by William Healey Dall, and calculated the percentage of species among the Pacific fauna.
Bedette received the Geological Survey's Scroll of Honor, and the Natural History Museum's Peer Recognition Community Award. A fossil mollusc from the Oxfordian period, Bathrotomaria bedetteae, was named posthumously in her honour.
Following her retirement from the Geological Survey, Bedette continued to work at the Natural History Museum, where she compiled descriptions of over 7000 fossils and living scallops. The task was almost finished before her death.

### Butterfly alphabet

In 1960, Bedette met Kjell Sandved who had come to the Natural History Museum to research animal behaviour. He found boxes of butterflies stored at the Museum, and saw that one of them had the letter 'F' appear naturally as a pattern on its wing. Sandved and Bedette began a photographic investigation into such alphabet patterns in the world's butterflies. They established a small business, Butterfly Alphabet, Inc. The photographs Sandved took were later published in the Smithsonian Magazine in 1975,

## Later life and death

Barbara Bedette died of acute leukemia on February 23, 2006. She was interred in the Port Gibson cemetery, in Manchester, New York.
# David Teniers

David Teniers may refer to three Flemish artists, father, son, and grandson:
* David Teniers the Elder (1582–1649), turned from large religious paintings to landscapes and genre scenes
* David Teniers the Younger (1610–1690), the most famous of the three, especially noted for genre scenes of peasant life
* David Teniers III (1638–1685), who painted scenes similar to his father's
# Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis

Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis is a species of ancyrocephalid monogenean. It is a parasite of the gills of the maya needlefish Strongylura hubbsi (Belonidae).
According to Mendoza-Franco, Caspeta-Mandujano and Ramírez-Martínez, the species resembles other species of Ancyrocephalus but can be differentiated by details of the male copulatory organ and of the haptor.
The species was found on fish collected in the Rio Lacantún basin in the Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico.
# St. Paul River District

St. Paul River is a district located in Montserrado County, Liberia. It recorded a population of 71,831 in the 2008 census. It has no official administrative status. Its inhabitants are primarily Christians and members of the Bassa, Dey, or Kpelle tribes. Farming and fishing are the main economic activities along with some small scale trading. The district has one paved road.
# Višnjik

Višnjik may refer to:
* Višnjik, Sarajevo, a section of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Višnjik, Zadar, a section of Zadar, Croatia
* Donji Višnjik, a village near Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Gornji Višnjik, a village near Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina
# Aristolochia ringens

Aristolochia ringens is a species of perennial plant in the family Aristolochiaceae. It is found from Panama through Bolivia, Colombia, and Venezuela.
# We Love to Sing About Jesus

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
We Love to Sing About Jesus is the third studio album by country music artists George Jones and Tammy Wynette released on November 6, 1972, by Epic Records.

## Reception

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic derides the album, calling it "overproduced, overwrought and under-written" and, while praising their rendition of Tom T. Hall's "Me and Jesus", laments that "the bombastic production gets a little nerve-wracking about halfway through the album, and by the end of the record the music hasn't provided much inspiration. In all, a wasted opportunity."

## Track listing

* "We Love to Sing About Jesus" (Tammy Wynette, Earl Montgomery) – 1:54
* "Old Fashioned Singing" (Wynette, Earl Montgomery) – 2:50
* "He Is My Everything" (Dallas Frazier) – 2:55
* "Me and Jesus" (Tom T. Hall) – 3:14
* "Noah and the Ark" (Carmol Taylor, Jenny Strickland) – 2:26
* "Let's All Go Down to the River" (Sue Richards, Earl Montgomery) – 2:35
* "Let's All Sing Ourselves to Glory" (Earl Montgomery) – 2:11
* "Talkin' About Jesus" (Earl Montgomery) – 2:25
* "When Jesus Takes His Children Home" (Duke Goff, Mark Sherrill) – 1:46
* "Everything's Gonna Be Alright" (Bobby Womack, Carmol Taylor) – 1:52
* "Show Him That You Love Him" (Carmol Taylor, A. Wilson) – 1:54