OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pigmentocracies

Pigmentocracies: Ethnicity, Race, and Color in Latin America is a book by sociologist Edward Telles and the Project on Ethnicity and Race in Latin America (PERLA) published by the University of North Carolina Press in 2014. The book attempts to look at race relations within Peru, Colombia, Mexico, and Brazil using statistical methods and comparing national census data over hundreds of years.

## Synopsis

The book is split into six chapters. The first discussing the Project on Ethnicity and Race in Latin America (PERLA), then the following four chapters dive into PERLA implemented in the four chosen countries. The final chapter is an analysis of the overall findings of the survey from the four countries. Middle four chapters start with a brief historical context of race in the respective country, then report the findings of the PERLA survey for that country.

## Reception

Reviewed by Stanley R. Bailey in The Americas 73 (2016): 102-104.
Reviewed by Ellis P. Monk in the American Journal of Sociology 121 (2015): 971-973.
Reviewed by Cristobal Valencia in American Anthropologist 117 (2015): 599-631.
# Lance Clark

Lancelot Pease Clark (30 April 1936 – 27 February 2018), was an English shoemaker, businessman, and member of the Clark family, which is the majority owner of shoe retailer Clarks which they had founded in the 1820s.

## Career

Clark was born in Street, Somerset into the sixth generation of the Clarks shoemaking family.
He was educated at Leighton Park School and New College, Oxford. While working in the family business, he was managing director of Clarks UK, prior to the business being placed under non-family management. He is credited with the creation of the Wallabee shoe in 1965. After retiring from Clarks, Clark went on to work with the Edward Green and Terra Plana shoe brands.
As of 2017, the Clark family still owned more than 80 per cent of the company, according to The Sunday Times. Lancelot Clark's branch of the family collectively owned about 25 per cent.
In 2008, Clark set up ethical footwear brand Soul of Africa, which raises money for South African orphans who have lost their parents to AIDS.

## Personal life

Based in Street, Somerset for much of his life, Clark was a painter. He had seven children in total.
# Kosta (surname)

Kosta is the surname of:
* Michael Kosta (born 1979), American stand-up comedian
* Nicole Kosta (born 1993), Canadian ice hockey player
* Shiv Prasad Kosta (born 1931), Indian space scientist and educationist
* Steve Kosta (born 1950), Australian former rugby league footballer
* Tessa Kosta (1890–1981), American actress who starred in Broadway musicals and operettas
* Zdeněk Košta (1923–2020), Czech Olympic cyclist
# Greenbrier Group

The Greenbrier Limestone, also known locally as the "Big Lime", is an extensive limestone unit deposited during the Middle Mississippian Epoch (345.3 ± 2.1 – 326.4 ± 1.6 Ma), part of the Carboniferous Period. This rock stratum is present below ground in much of West Virginia and neighboring Kentucky, and extends somewhat into adjacent western Maryland and southwestern Virginia. The name derives from the Greenbrier River in West Virginia.
Greenbrier Limestone is in some places more than 400 feet (120 metres) thick, allowing it to trap large quantities of oil and gas. Since this carbonate rock erodes quickly in the region's wet climate, outcrops are not prominent and are often quarried.
The Greenbrier Limestone is subdivided into six stratigraphic units. In ascending order, they are Denmar Limestone, Taggard Shale, Pickaway Limestone, Union Limestone, Greenville Shale, and Alderson Limestone. The limestones in this interval are predominantly skeletal grainstones or packstones. The Pickaway and especially the Union contain oolitic grainstones.
Numerous solution caves are developed within the Greenbrier Formation.
# Ken McDougall

Ken McDougall (1953–1994) was a Canadian actor and theatre director. Predominantly a stage actor in Toronto, Ontario, he is best known to film audiences for his performance as Chris, a dancer dying of AIDS, in the film The Last Supper; the film was an adaptation of Hillar Liitoja's 1993 stage play of the same name, in which McDougall originated the role.
As a director, he was associated with companies including Buddies in Bad Times, Platform 9 and Theatre Passe Muraille, and directed many of the early productions of plays by Daniel MacIvor and Robin Fulford. As an actor, his performances included Sky Gilbert's Suzie Goo: Private Secretary, Liitoja's Ultimate Night and David Demchuk's Mattachine. He also had a small role in Exotica as the doorman.
McDougall died of AIDS in March 1994, just four days after completing the filming of The Last Supper.
He posthumously won two Dora Mavor Moore Awards in 1994, as best director (mid-sized theatre division) for MacIvor's Never Swim Alone and as best actor (small theatre division) for The Last Supper. He also previously won a Dora in 1988 for his direction of Fulford's play Steel Kiss.
# Byersville, New York

Byersville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of West Sparta, Livingston County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 47. The ZIP Code is 14517.
# Skarsnuten Peak

Skarsnuten Peak (72°32′S 0°22′E﻿ / ﻿72.533°S 0.367°E﻿ / -72.533; 0.367) is a peak in the north part of Roots Heights, Sverdrup Mountains, in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39). Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–59) and named Skarsnuten (the gap peak).
This article incorporates public domain material from "Skarsnuten Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
* This Princess Martha Coast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Skarsfjord

Skarsfjord is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rune Skarsfjord (born 1970), Norwegian football manager
* Terje Skarsfjord (1942–2018), Norwegian footballer and manager
# Vranovina

Vranovina (Serbian Cyrillic: Врановина) is a village in the municipality of Bosanski Petrovac, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 57, all Serbs.
# W. Hamilton Barnum

W. Hamilton Barnum (1878–1937), of Cleveland, Ohio, was a stamp collector who helped advance philately during the early years of the hobby.

## Collecting interests

Barnum started his collection of postage stamps in 1890 at the age of 12 and joined stamp clubs in his area, such as the Garfield-Perry Stamp Club in Cleveland, which he joined as a member in 1895 and served as club president in 1902.

## Philatelic activity

Barnum was active in organized philately. At the American Philatelic Society (then called the American Philatelic Association) he became an active member in 1894 and served the society in a variety of positions including being named to the Board of Vice Presidents. He was also active in the Philatelic Sons of America – the largest stamp club in the United States at the time—during the time when it started to attract young collectors. For the remainder of his life and philatelic career he made it a point of participating in all major activities of both philatelic societies.

## Honors and awards

For his efforts in establishing the hobby of stamp collecting, Barnum was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1942.
# Vrbovce, Šentjernej

Vrbovce (pronounced or) is a settlement in the foothills of the Žumberak/Gorjanci range in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Vrhovine, Vitez

Vrhovine is a village in the municipality of Vitez, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 485.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 483 | 99.6% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 0.4% |
| Total | 485 | 100% |
# Skorpa

Skorpa may refer to:

## Places

* Skorpa (Hol), a mountain in Hol municipality, Buskerud county
* Skorpa, Kristiansund, an island in Kristiansund municipality, Møre og Romsdal county
* Skorpa, Møre og Romsdal, an uninhabited island in Herøy municipality, Møre og Romsdal county
* Skorpa, Kinn, an island in Flora municipality, Sogn og Fjordane county
* Skorpa, Troms, an island in Kvænangen municipality, Troms county
* Skorpa prisoner of war camp, a World War II POW camp on Skorpa island in Troms county
* Skorpa Bird Sanctuary, a bird sanctuary in Svalbard, Norway

## Other uses

* a Swedish form of rusk
# Skoroszów

Skoroszów may refer to the following places in Poland:
* Skoroszów, Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Skoroszów, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
# Vulture Mountains

The Vulture Mountains is a 29-mile (47 km) long, arid, low-elevation mountain range located in northwest Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is in the north perimeter region of the Sonoran Desert. The Arizona transition zone mountain ranges lie north and northeast, just north of Wickenburg, Arizona. The Yarnell Hill, about 14 miles (23 km) north of Wickenburg, rising into the Weaver Mountains to Yarnell, marks the dramatic elevation rise from the desert. It is also a viewpoint southwest and southeast of the desert regions, including the Vulture Mountains.

## Description and geography

The Vulture Mountains are about 29 miles (47 km) long, and east of center, about 13 miles (21 km) wide; the range is somewhat crescent shaped, mainly trending east–west, and narrowing westwards. The northeast is followed by the course of a southeast stretch of the Hassayampa River; the river turns due-south west of Morristown, on US 60, making the east terminus of the range about 7 mi wide, at the rivers floodplain. The Hassayampa enters the north of the Hassayampa Plain, so a small river canyon region lies at the Vulture Mountain's northeast, with the Wickenburg Mountains northeast, and the Hieroglyphic Mountains east.
The high point of the range is Vulture Peak, (3,658 feet (1,115 m)), at the center east of the range. Another major peak anchors the west region of the range, Black Butte, at 3,612 feet (1,101 m)).

## Access

The major access to the north and east foothills of the Vulture Mountains is by way of U.S. Route 60. The route traverses from Aguila at the northwest, Wickenburg at the northeast, and a southeast stretch at the mountains northeast, with the route paralleling the Hassayampa River.
A paved route dissects the range on a south-southwest direction from Wickenburg, which lies on the mountain range's foothills, with the route being east of the mountain range center. Numerous unimproved routes exit from the route into the mountain areas, or they access the southern side of the mountain range-(the north of the Hassayampa Plain).
Unimproved routes are restricted on the east side foothills, since it is the floodplain, watershed region of the Hassayampa River, where the riverbed has widened to up to 1.5 mi in some locales. One major unimproved route crosses the Hassayampa west from Morristown.

## Historic structures of the Vulture Mine and City

In 1863, after Henry Wickenburg discovered the Vulture Mine, Vulture City, a small mining town was established in the area. The town once had a population of 5,000 citizens. After the mine closed the city was deserted and became a ghost town. The following are images with a brief description of the Vulture Mine and Vulture City, both located in the Vulture Mountains. Some of the structures are still present in what once was known as Vulture City located in the mountain.
# Kenji Haga

Kenji Haga (羽賀 研二, Haga Kenji) (born Mikio Tōma, 當眞 美喜男, Tōma Mikio, July 21, 1961) is a Japanese television personality, actor and businessman. Haga was born in USCAR to an American father and a Japanese mother.
On June 30, 2007, Haga was arrested along with four others including former world champion professional boxer Jiro Watanabe, actor Ginji Yoshikawa$^{[jp]}$, and two affiliates of the Yamaguchi-gumi syndicate; one Toshikazu Kawakita and the other unidentified. The group were arrested over allegedly blackmailing a real estate agent in Osaka into forgiving 400 million yen's worth of Haga's debt.

## Roles
### Variety

* Kuniko Touch
* The Night of Hit Parade
* Zōjiroshi Quiz Hint zo Pint

### Television drama

* Food Fight (xxxx)
* Handsome Man (xxxx) (Namihiko Kubō)
* Hasadai Shōgun Yoshimune (xxxx) (Tokugawa Tsugutomo)
* Hōjyō Tokimune (xxxx) (Rokuhara Tandai Hōjyō Tokishige)
* Kirawane Matsuko no Isshō (xxxx) (Detective Shiomi)
* Kodoku no Kake ~Itoshikihitoyo~ (xxxx) (Samuel Miyate)
* Kurama Tengu (xxxx) (Okita Sōji)
* Ryūkyū no Kaze: Dragon Spirit (xxxx) (Tomonaga Arakaki)
* Street Fighter II V (xxxx) (Ken Masters)
* The Kindaichi Case Files (1995)

### Film

* Aladdin (Aladdin (speaking voice in 1993))
* Les Sous-doués (Julien)
* Seito Shokun (Shun Togishima)
* Sorekara (Kadono)
* Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie (Ken Masters)

### Video

* The Return of Jafar (Aladdin (speaking voice in 1995))
* Sagi Shiippei series

### Stage

* My Fair Lady
* The Sound of Music
# Slater's desert skink

Slater's desert skink (Liopholis slateri), also known commonly as the Centralian Floodplains desert-skink, Slater's egernia, and Slater's skink, is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to Australia. There are two recognized subspecies.

## Etymology

The specific name, slateri, is in honour of Australian herpetologist Kenneth R. Slater.

## Geographic range

L. slateri is found in Northern Territory and Southern Australia in central Australia.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of L. slateri are forest and shrubland.

## Reproduction

L. slateri is viviparous.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies are recognized as being valid including the nominotypical subspecies.
* Liopholis slateri slateri (Storr, 1968) – southern Northern Territory
* Liopholis slateri virgata (Storr, 1968) – northern South Australia
Nota bene: A trinomial authority in parentheses indicates that the subspecies was originally described in a genus other than Liopholis.
# Slater's worm lizard

Slater's worm lizard (Amphisbaena slateri) is a species of amphisbaenian in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is endemic to western South America.

## Etymology

The specific name, slateri, is in honor of Thomas Slater who collected the holotype.

## Geographic range

A. slateri is found in Peru and Bolivia.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of A. slateri is forest, at altitudes of 610–2,000 m (2,000–6,560 ft).

## Description

A. slateri has a rounded head and a rounded tail tip. The body coloration is uniformly brown dorsally and ventrally.

## Reproduction

A. slateri is oviparous.
# Butler Cove

Butler Cove is a bay in the U.S. state of Washington.
Butler Cove was named after John L. Butler, a pioneer settler.
# Sleepy Tigers

Sleepy Tigers is an EP by Her Space Holiday released July 21, 2008. The title track also appears on the album XOXO, Panda And The New Kid Revival.

## Track listing

* "Sleepy Tigers" – 3:29
* "Just Another Day" – 3:13
* "This Seat Is Definitely Taken" – 3:12
* "Same Song Sing Along" – 2:48
* This EP-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# WDAF

WDAF may refer to:
* WDAF-TV, a television station (channel 4) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States
* WDAF-FM, a radio station (106.5 FM) licensed to Liberty, Missouri, United States
* KCKC, a radio station (102.1 FM) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States, used WDAF-FM callsign from 1961 to 1974
* KFNZ (AM), a radio station (610 AM) licensed to Kansas City, Missouri, United States, used WDAF callsign from 1922 to 2003
* KWOD, a radio station (1660 AM) licensed to Kansas City, Kansas, United States, briefly used WDAF callsign in 2007
# Slipstream (video)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Slipstream is a video by Jethro Tull, recorded during the 1980 A tour, released in 1981. It was originally released on VHS, Capacitance Electronic Disc, and laserdisc, and was released as a (bootleg) DVD in Brazil (as seen in the cover on the right) in 2003. It is also included in the (2004) bonus DVD edition of A. This bonus DVD was the only official release on DVD until it was released as part of the 40th anniversary box set of A in April 2021.
The video shares its title with a song of the same name on the group's landmark 1971 album Aqualung.

## Music videos

Slipstream mixed the concert tour with the videos recorded and directed by David Mallett. London's Hammersmith Odeon was used for exterior scenes, but the main concert footage was actually from a performance at the Los Angeles Sports Arena (as heard on the Magic Piper ROIO), filmed in November 1980. The music videos are:
* "Dun Ringill"
    A video inspired by the Stormwatch album cover, filmed at a beach near Beachy Head.
* "Sweet Dream"
    In this a vampire-themed homage to horror movies, Aqualung is pursued by a vampire and—like the Prisoner—giant pink balloons. Meanwhile, a ballerina pirouettes (recalling A Passion Play), a giant tarantula emits death rays, and an evil projectionist starts his movie. A nun supplies the right equipment to defeat the vampire.
* "Too Old To Rock 'n' Roll"
    The elderly band is in a giant pinball machine, drinking their tea like the Alice in Wonderland tea party. Features Hot Gossip dancer Perri Lister.
* "Fylingdale Flyer"
    The band is in an air traffic control tower, when they see some impending disaster. The cover of A is taken from this video. RAF Fylingdales (note the 's') is the site of a Ballistic Missile Early Warning System radar situated in the North York Moors National Park, which explains the lyric to the song.

## Track list

All tracks are written by Ian Anderson with additional music material from Eddie Jobson; arranged by Jethro Tull

## Personnel
### Jethro Tull

* Ian Anderson - flute, vocals
* Martin Barre - electric guitar
* Mark Craney - drums, bass in "Skating Away"
* Dave Pegg - bass, bouzouki in "Skating Away"
* Eddie Jobson - keyboards, electric violin, electric mandolin in "Skating Away"
# Bērziņš cabinet

The Bērziņš cabinet was the government of Latvia from 5 May 2000 until 7 November 2002.
| Position | Name | Dates | Party |
| Prime Minister | Andris Bērziņš | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | Latvian Way |
| Minister for Defence | Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Indulis Bērziņš | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | Latvian Way |
| Minister for the Economy | Aigars Kalvītis | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | People's Party |
| Minister for Finance | Gundars Bērziņš | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | People's Party |
| Minister for the Interior | Mareks Segliņš | 5 May 2000 – 30 September 2002 | People's Party |
| Minister for the Interior | Ģirts Valdis Kristovskis (interim) | 30 September 2002 – 7 November 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Science and Education | Kārlis Greiškalns | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | People's Party |
| Minister for Culture | Karina Pētersone | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | Latvian Way |
| Minister for Welfare | Andrejs Požarnovs | 5 May 2000 – 2 May 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Welfare | Vladimirs Makarovs (interim) | 2 May 2002 – 22 May 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Welfare | Viktors Jaksons | 22 May 2002 – 7 November 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Transport | Anatolijs Gorbunovs | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | Latvian Way |
| Minister for Justice | Ingrīda Labucka | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | New Party |
| Minister for Environment Protection and Regional Development | Vladimirs Makarovs | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Minister for Agriculture | Atis Slakteris | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | People's Party |
| Special Assignments Minister for Cooperation to International Financial Organizations | Roberts Zīle | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | TB/LNNK |
| Special Assignments Minister for State Reforms | Jānis Krūmiņš | 5 May 2000 – 7 November 2002 | New Party |
* This article about politics in Latvia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Project Zeta

Project Zeta can refer to:
* ZETA (fusion reactor), an early fusion power research project
* The Zeta Project, a science fiction animated television series
* Project Zeta Plus, a proposed but unused Dr Who story arc also known as Project Zeta Sigma
# Richard Felson

Richard Felson (born 10 October 1950, in Cincinnati) is a professor of Crime, Law, and Justice and Sociology at The Pennsylvania State University. He is also adjunct professor of Sociology at State University of New York at Albany.

## Research on Aggression and Coercive Actions

In 1994 Felson co-authored the controversial book "Violence, Aggression and Coercive Actions: A Social-Interactionist Perspective" with James Tedeschi. This book challenged the theory that rape was a crime motivated by an aggressive desire to dominate the victim. Felson and Tedeschi argued that sexual fulfillment was a motive of rapists.
This book drew widespread criticism from academic circles. Robert Prentky the clinical director of Philadelphia's Joseph J. Peters Institute argued that in a small number of cases sexual fulfillment was the motive. However the overriding motive was dominance of the victim. Felson has stated that he believes rape is a terrible crime and that the motive does not excuse the actions of the perpetrator.
Felson has written about intimate partner violence as well as sexual assault in his book "Violence and Gender Reexamined." In this book he argues that one gains a better understanding of violence against women by comparing it to violence against men.
Most of Felson's research is concerned with other aspects of violence. He has studied, for example, the role of alcohol and drugs, the role of guns, and race and regional differences.
In 2012, Felson was selected to deliver the annual Bruce Mayhew Lecture at the University of South Carolina. His lecture is entitled "Sexual Assault as a Crime Against Teenagers."
# Ramapuram, Cuddalore

Ramapuram is a revenue village in Cuddalore district in state of Tamil Nadu, India.

## Ramapuram

* Official Web Site of Cuddalore District
# Gibraltar House

The Representative of Gibraltar in Aldwych, London is the diplomatic mission of the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar in the United Kingdom, also referred to as Gibraltar House. Located on Strand, it functions as an informal consulate, tourist information centre about Gibraltar and assists Gibraltarian patients sent by the Gibraltar Health Authority for medical treatment in the United Kingdom.

## History

The first Gibraltar House, a small tourist information office, was opened in Northumberland Avenue, London, in the early 1970s. The first Director was Helen Gordon. A subsequent Gibraltar Tourist Office was opened in Trafalgar Square, under the command of John Joe Gomez. Soon after, it opened a much larger office at 179 Strand, directed by Jose Rosado and later by Richard Garcia. In 1989, Albert Poggio took over as Director, a position which he has held to this date (he was briefly replaced by Peter Canessa between 2011 and 2012). In 2009, the Gibraltar House moved to its current location at 150 Strand.
Although Albert Poggio had not become Director of the House until 1989, he had been suggesting the creation of a "social centre" in London since 1969, due to the work that he developed as Chairman of the Gibraltar Group, which congregated Gibraltarian expatriates in London.
# Paranigilgia bushii

Paranigilgia bushii is a moth in the family Brachodidae. It was described by Yutaka Arita in 1980. It is found on the Ryukyu Islands of Japan and in Taiwan.
# Paranicomia similis

Paranicomia similis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1964.