OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# History of Jamaican newspapers

In Colonial Jamaica, during the 18th and 19th centuries, there were a number of newspapers that represented the views of the white planters who owned slaves. These newspapers included the Royal Gazette, The Diary and Kingston Daily Advertiser, Cornwall Chronicle, Cornwall Gazette, and Jamaica Courant. These newspapers often served parochial interests. The Diary and Kingston Advertiser served white residents in the city of Kingston and surrounding areas, while the Cornwall Chronicle and Cornwall Gazette catered to white planters and merchants in Montego Bay and surrounding areas. In 1826, two free coloureds, Edward Jordan and Robert Osborn, founded The Watchman, which openly campaigned for the rights of free coloureds, and became Jamaica's first anti-slavery newspaper. In 1830, Jamaican colonial authorities arrested Jordan, the editor, and charged him with constructive treason. However, Jordan was eventually acquitted, and became Mayor of Kingston in post-Emancipation Jamaica.
On the abolition of slavery in the 1830s, Gleaner Company was founded by two Jamaican Jewish brothers, Joshua and Jacob De Cordova. While the Gleaner represented the new establishment for the next century, there was a growing black nationalist movement that campaigned for increased political representation and rights in the early twentieth century. To this end, Osmond Theodore Fairclough founded Public Opinion in 1937. O.T. Fairclough was supported by radical journalists Frank Hill and H.P. Jacobs, and the first editorial of this new newspaper tried to galvanise public opinion around a new nationalism. Strongly aligned to the People's National Party (PNP), Public Opinion counted among its journalists progressive figures such as Roger Mais, Una Marson, Amy Bailey, Louis Marriott, Peter Abrahams, and future prime minister Michael Manley, among others.
While Public Opinion campaigned for self-government, British prime minister Winston Churchill made it known he had no intention of presiding "over the liquidation of the British Empire", and consequently the Jamaican nationalists in the PNP were disappointed with the watered-down constitution that was handed down to Jamaica in 1944. Mais wrote an article saying "Now we know why the draft of the new constitution has not been published before," because the underlings of Churchill were "all over the British Empire implementing the real imperial policy implicit in the statement by the Prime Minister". The British colonial police raided the offices of Public Opinion, seized Mais's manuscript, arrested Mais himself, and convicted him of seditious libel, jailing him for six months.
In the 1960s, Jamaican prime minister Alexander Bustamante banned the flow of government advertising to Public Opinion, and the newspaper eventually closed down a few years later.
# Bivatuzumab

Bivatuzumab (previously BIWA 4) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD44 v6.
It is officially described as "immunoglobulin G1 (human-mouse monoclonal BIWA4 γ1-chain anti-human antigen CD44v6), disulfide with human-mouse monoclonal BIWA4 κ-chain, dimer". Prior to 2002 it was described as targeting CD44 v8.
It has been chemically linked to various radioisotopes for use in radiotherapy for, e.g. inoperable recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer.
It has also been linked to a cytotoxic drug mertansine to form bivatuzumab mertansine.
# Cynthia Gallagher

Cynthia Gallagher (born 1951) is an American artist. Her work is included in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. She is an assistant professor at the Fashion Institute of Technology.
# La Ultima / Live in Berlin

La Ultima / Live in Berlin is the sixth live album and fifth concert movie by German rock band Böhse Onkelz. The tournament movie was recorded during their last tournament "La Ultima" from August to October 2004, the concert was recorded on 18 September 2004 at the Velodrom in Berlin.

## Track listing

DVD 1
* La Ultima – Tourdokumentation
* Making of… Live in Berlin
* B. O. Office
* Mexico – Live in Hamburg
DVD 2
* Intro
* Hier sind die Onkelz
* Lieber stehend sterben
* Finde die Wahrheit
* Ich bin in dir
* Buch der Erinnerung
* Danket dem Herrn
* Ja, ja
* Onkelz vs. Jesus
* Wieder mal 'nen Tag verschenkt
* Terpentin
* Nichts ist für die Ewigkeit
* Firma
* Danke für nichts
* Superstar
* Nur die Besten sterben jung
* Nie wieder
* Immer auf der Suche
* Stunde des Siegers
* So sind wir
* Für immer (Version 2004)
* Heilige Lieder
* Gehasst, verdammt, vergöttert
* Erinnerungen
* Feuer
* Auf gute Freunde
* Kirche
* Mexico
* Ihr hättet es wissen müssen
* A.D.I.O.Z. (Outro)
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| CDStarts.de | (9/10) |

## End-of-year charts

| Year | Country | Chart | Rank |
| 2005 | Germany | IFPI | 55 |
# Warwick (Milverton) railway station

Warwick (Milverton) railway station was a railway station in Warwickshire on the former LNWR route between Leamington Spa and Coventry. The station opened in 1844 under the name of Leamington and was the original terminus of the then single line from Coventry. In 1851 the line was extended into Leamington town centre, and joined end-on to the branch line to Rugby, and in 1854 a new station was opened on this extension called Leamington Spa (Avenue), closer to the town centre and directly alongside Leamington's GWR station (which is still in operation). Milverton station was rebuilt when the line was doubled in 1884.
The station was closed as a part of the Beeching closures in 1965, although the line remained and remains open. The station buildings have been demolished and a car dealership built over the site of the goods yard. The entrance of the original terminus station and station master's house were located north of Rugby Road on what is now the residential street The Spinney. The former location of the second and final station entrance is just west of the railway bridge on Warwick New Road, and the platforms are now an overgrown area adjacent to the footpath leading to Rugby Road.

## Name changes

Milverton station was originally intended as a compromise to serve both Warwick and Leamington Spa, however it was never very successful at serving either, as it was located some distance from the centres of both towns. This was reflected in the multiple name changes throughout the station's life, detailed below:
* 1844 Leamington
* 1854 Warwick (Milverton)
* 1856 Warwick
* 1857 Warwick (Milverton)
* 1875 Leamington Milverton (Warwick)
* 1876 Milverton (for Warwick)
* 1884 Warwick (Milverton)
* 1952 Leamington Spa (Milverton) for Warwick
# Lamkan

Lamkan is a village in Sandi block of Hardoi district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 6 km away from Sandi, which is the nearest city. It is connected to state and national highways and has a sub post office and two primary schools but no healthcare facilities. The main staple crops are wheat and rice. As of 2011, its population is 3,734, in 577 households.
The 1961 census recorded Lamkan as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 1,277 (692 male and 585 female), in 244 households and 181 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,114 acres. At the time, it had a medical practitioner and a post office and was connected to major roads.
The 1981 census recorded Lamkan as having a population of 2,070, in 333 households, and covering an area of 848.80 hectares.
# At Risk (book)

At Risk is a 1988 book by Alice Hoffman about Amanda, an 11-year-old girl who contracts HIV from a blood transfusion.

## Characters

* Amanda Farrell
* Polly - Amanda's mother
* Ivan - Amanda's father
* Charlie - Amanda's brother
* Jessie Eagan - Amanda's best friend
* Sevrin - Charlie's best friend
* Laurel Smith - medium, friend to Amamda
* Linda Gleason - Principal of the Cheshire School

## Plot

Amanda lives with a typical suburban family in the town of Morrow, Massachusetts until she comes down with a fever and a blood test for HIV returns as positive. She contracted it from an unscreened blood transfusion during surgery, 5 years before. Her world is turned upside down. As the news spreads, other parents, fearful of their own children catching the disease, cut off contact with the family. Fear spreads among her peers, who are uneducated as to the nature of sex and believe that AIDS can be spread by skin contact or using the same toilet seat. Her principal decides to counter this by giving the whole school a class-by-class sex education talk. Amanda eventually becomes weaker and weaker; she has to give up gymnastics because of this and because of parental fears that using the same equipment could spread the virus to her teammates. She becomes bitter and disillusioned, becoming friends with Laurel, a medium. She decides to have her braces removed, and her father locates a pediatric orthodontist who will see an AIDS patient. While Amanda's death is portrayed to be inevitable, the novel concludes with an open ending - the special friendship between Charlie and Sevrin.

## Setting

This book is set in the contemporary 1980s, a time when little was publicly known about HIV/AIDS or how it was spread.

## Reaction

Reviews of the novel were positive, and it was a Main Selection of the Book of the Month Club. However, it attracted controversy and was referred to as "that AIDS novel" in publishing circles.
The film rights were acquired by 20th Century Fox.
# St Georges Basin (New South Wales)

St Georges Basin is an open intermediate estuary, or inland sea, located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, adjacent to the Jervis Bay Territory.

## Location and features

St Georges Basin is a coastal waterbody located immediately adjacent to the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean, north of the town of Sussex Inlet and east of the town of St Georges Basin. The basin is fed by Wandandian Creek and Tomerong Creek and its primary outflow is to the Tasman Sea via the Sussex Inlet. The basin covers a catchment area of 316 square kilometres (122 sq mi) and contains approximately 215,079 megalitres (7,595.4×10^$^6$ cu ft) of water over an estimated surface area of 40.9 square kilometres (15.8 sq mi); and at an average depth of 5.3 metres (17 ft).
Located with the basin are six artificial reefs that range up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in depth.

## History

The traditional custodians of the land surrounding St Georges Basin were the Indigenous Australian Yuin people, who named the basin as Bherwherrae or Bherwherree.
European surveyor Thomas Florance renamed the body of water as St Georges Basin on 29 November 1827, while tracing from Jervis Bay to Conjola.
# Prince Albert Catholic School Division

The Prince Albert Roman Catholic School Division is the host of nine schools in the Prince Albert urban area. It offers education in both French immersion and English on the elementary and high school level. It used to have an all-girl junior/high school facility, as well as an alternative education program. There are three community schools in this division as well. The current Director of Education is Ms. Lorel Tumier.
This school division puts a strong focus on Christian values without compromising educational integrity. Although it is a Christian division it does not expect its students to be of Christian background in their high school facilities. It does however demand that students participate in all school activities including Christian-related ones. In the Education Act of 1978, it was outlined that students of non-Catholic backgrounds were legally allowed to attend high school programs of Christian faith.
Among this division is the most high tech high school facility in the city: St. Mary High School. This high school has recently gone through a massive remodeling that ensures the facility will have a smooth integration into the future.
The Prince Albert Roman Catholic School Division and Saskatchewan Rivers School Division #119 are both involved in Prince Albert alternative education programs.

## French Immersion (Elementary)

* École St. Anne (Grades K-8, although only up to Grades 8 for French.)
* École Holy Cross (Grades K-8)

## Community Schools (Elementary)

* St. Catherine’s formerly W.F.A. Turgeon (Grades K-6)
* St. John (Grades K-8)
* St. Michael (Grade K-8)

## Elementary schools

* St. Francis (Grades K-8)
* St. John (Grades pre-k-8)

## High schools

* École St. Mary High School (Grades 9-12)
** French immersion is offered from grades 9-12
** The school crest includes the motto: "Semper Veritas" (Latin for "Ever-True")
** The school is designated as a Community School.

## Alternative Facility/Programs

* Junior Lucy Baker Program (Defunct)
** A school for students showing reluctance, social skill problems, and other related issues that invade learning abilities.
* T.E.A.M program
** This is a behaviour modification program that provides services like counseling, family support and necessary instruction, so that students with behaviour/social difficulties can properly integrate into a normal school environment. This program is active at the middle years and elementary levels.
# Joseph Newman

Joe, Joey or Joseph Newman may refer to:

## Musicians

* Joe Newman (trumpeter) (1922–1992), American jazz musician
* Joey Newman (born 1976), American film composer, orchestrator, arranger and conductor
* Joe Newman (born 1991), English lead singer with indie rock band Alt-J

## Writers

* Joseph Simon Newman (1891–1960), American poet and entrepreneur
* Joseph Newman (journalist) (1913–1995), American who lived in and wrote about Japan

## Others

* Joseph Newman (Texas settler) (1787–1831), Texas settler, one of Austin's Old Three Hundred
* Joseph Newman (politician) (1815–1892), New Zealand MP
* Joseph M. Newman (1909–2006), American film and TV director
* Joseph Westley Newman (1936–2015), American inventor who claimed to have built an energy machine
* Joe Newman (born 1937), American businessman, co-founder and CEO of American Basketball Association (2000–present)
# Spencer Short

Spencer Ryun Short is an American poet.

## Life

Short graduated from James Madison University, the University of Michigan and the Iowa Writers' Workshop, where he was awarded a Teaching Writing Fellowship. His collection of poetry, Tremolo, was a winner of the 2000 National Poetry Series, selected by Billy Collins. It was published by HarperPerennial in 2001.
He studied law at the University of Chicago. While in law school, he worked for the MacArthur Justice Center and as a teaching assistant for law professor Cass Sunstein. He also aided prominent civil rights (and MacArthur Justice Center) attorney Joseph Margulies on his book, Guantanamo and the Abuse of Presidential Power. He currently works as an attorney at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher and Flom in New York. He lives in Brooklyn.

## Critical reception

Emily Nussbaum, reviewing Tremolo for The New York Times, noted ""a prickly stir of humor, philosophy and romantic giddiness," and that "reading this book is something like walking into a kitchen at a party and coming upon a wild charmer you'd never met, mid-gesticulation -- a terrific storyteller, but also one eager to switch gears mid-sentence, mid-phrase, mid-thought." According to Nussbaum, "Short is genuinely funny -- a rare and beautiful quality among contemporary poets." Cal Bedient, reviewing Tremolo in the Boston Review, found "a clawing power of invention." Travis Nichols, reviewing Tremolo in Jacket, called it "a singular achievement, both astute and warm, that hopefully represents only the first meditation in an ongoing and fruitful emergency." In 2003, Short was included in the Poetry Society of America's New American Poets festival honoring the "most interesting recent first book poets." His poems have been included in several anthologies.

## Awards

* 2000 National Poetry Series Open Competition with Tremolo (published in 2001 by HarperCollins).

## Works

* Tremolo. HarperPerennial. 2001.
# Jameela Salem Al Muhairi

Jameela Salem Al Muhairi is a politician and government Minister in the United Arab Emirates. She is the Minister of State for Public Education. The ministry under her has created a plan to overhaul schools in the United Arab Emirates and use Cambridge International Examinations syllabus in English version schools.

## Biography

Jameela graduated from the United Arab Emirates University where she studied Management. She worked at the Ministry of Education from 1995 to 2004. From 2004 to 2007, she was the Executive Director of Dubai Knowledge Village. Muhairi has been working as the Chief of Dubai Schools Inspections Bureau at KHDA since 2006. She was the Chief of Dubai School Inspection Bureau at Knowledge and Human Development Authority. She has also been the Chairman of the Emirates School Establishment since 2019. She was made the State Minister of Public Education of the United Arab Emirates in February 2016. She sits on the board of the charity Dubai Cares Foundation. She was a panelist on the Equity in Education: Delivering on SDG4 hosted in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. She founded the school targets initiative that aims to monitor schools and reward outstanding results from them. She described education as fundamental element needed for the development of United Arab Emirates and an investment in the country's youth, as she outlined the UAE Vision 2021 National Agenda.
Muhairi introduced the Teacher and Educational Leadership Standards (TELS) into learning modules in school departments. The TELS added pre-service preparation and training for newly graduating teachers.
# Major Motion

Major Motion is a video game written for the Atari ST by Philip McKenzie and Jeffrey Sorenson and published by MichTron in 1986. An Amiga version followed in 1988. Major Motion is a clone of the Spy Hunter arcade game.

## Gameplay

Major Motion is a game in which racers can kill their enemies, and shoot and sideswipe the other cars.

## Reception

Gregg Williams reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "Overall, the game is laudable."

## Reviews

* Atari ST User - August 1986
* Aktueller Software Markt - August 1986
* Tilt - January 1987
* Jeux & Stratégie #44
# Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants

The Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants (ISCA) is the national accountancy body of Singapore. It was established in 1963 and has over 33,000 members.

## Registration of public accountant

Currently, the Singapore Public Accountants Oversight Committee (PAOC) of the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority, established under the Accountants Act to determine, prescribe and review the requirements to be satisfied by people seeking to be registered as public accountants in Singapore, will not register any person as a public accountant unless the person is a member of ISCA.

## Global Accountancy Hub

The Singapore Government has plans to develop Singapore into a global accountancy hub, as outlined in recommendations by the Committee to Develop the Accountancy Sector (CDAS). With the Ministry of Finance having approved CDAS' recommendations, plans are underway for ISCA to transform into a global professional accountancy body. ISCA shall also be administering a post-graduate accountancy qualification programme that shall connote global recognition, international portability and an “Asian market value factor”. As the accountancy sector continues to develop, ISCA shall provide the support that will propel Singapore's growth as a global accountancy hub.

## International Links

ISCA is a member body of the following international or regional organisations:
* Asean Federation of Accountants (AFA)
* Asia Oceania Tax Consultants' Association (AOTCA)
* INSOL International (International Association of Restructuring, Insolvency & Bankruptcy Professionals)
* International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)
* International Federation of Accountants (IFAC)
* Chartered Accountants Worldwide
* International Innovation Network
* INSOL International
# Kristinn Jakobsson

Kristinn Jakobsson (born 11 June 1969) is an Icelandic football referee. He has been a FIFA-listed referee since 1997, but did not referee his first UEFA Champions League qualifying match until August 2001, when he took charge of a second qualifying round match between Sloga Jugomagnat and Steaua București. He then refereed a UEFA Cup second round match between Litex Lovech and Union Berlin at the end of October 2001.
In 2008, Jakobsson was named as a fourth official for UEFA Euro 2008, He officiated his first Champions League group stage match on 26 November 2008, taking charge of Shakhtar Donetsk's 5–0 home win over Basel. This made him the first Icelandic referee to officiate in the UEFA Champions League.
When not refereeing, Jakobsson works as the manager/owner of a food company.
# Preference-rank translation

Preference-rank translation is a mathematical technique used by marketers to convert stated preferences into purchase probabilities, that is, into an estimate of actual buying behaviour. It takes survey data on consumers’ preferences and converts it into actual purchase probabilities.
A survey might ask a question using a ranking scale such as :
A marketing researcher will re-specify the numerical values during codification. 1 will become 5, 2 will become 4, 4 will become 2, 5 will become 1, and 3 will remain the same. In this way greater values will correspond with greater preference.
Next, the researcher uses a data reduction technique like factor analysis to obtain aggregate scores. To convert these aggregate rankings into purchase probabilities, each category (in this case, each product) will be weighted with a translation coefficient. These weights are predefined.
A typical weighting scheme is:
The weighting schemes vary depending on the variables being measured.
The following chart illustrates the procedure:
| | score | rank | weight | probability |
| product A | 6.4 | 2nd | .17 | 1.1 |
| product B | 5.1 | 4th | .02 | .1 |
| product C | 8.7 | 1st | .75 | 6.5 |
| product D | 4.3 | 5th | 0 | 0 |
| product E | 5.5 | 3rd | .06 | .3 |
Other purchase intention/rating translations include logit analysis and the intent scale translation.
# Scelio punctaticeps

Scelio punctaticeps is a species of parasitoid wasp in the subfamily, Scelioninae, and was first described in 1914 by Alan Parkhurst Dodd.
The holotype was collected in Cairns, Queensland.
# Thomas Bonham

Thomas Bonham may refer to:
* Thomas Bonham (died 1420), MP for Wiltshire
* Thomas Bonham (died 1532), MP for Essex
* Thomas Bonham (physician) (1564–c. 1628), English physician
# Ranni

Ranni may refer to:
* Ranni, Kerala, a village and taluka in Kerala, India.
** Ranni (State Assembly constituency)
* Rodolfo Ranni (born 1937), Italian-Argentine actor
* Ranni the Witch, a character in the video game Elden Ring