OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phaseolidae

Phaseolidae is a family of bivalves belonging to the order Nuculanida.
Genera:
* Lametila Allen & Sanders, 1973
* Phaseolus Monterosato, 1875
# XIV SS Corps

The XIV SS Corps (German: Generalkommando XIV. SS-Armeekorps) was a short-lived Waffen-SS corps-level headquarters formed to participate in Operation Northwind on the Upper Rhine in the winter of 1944-1945 during World War II.

## History

After his appointment as commander-in-chief of Army Group Upper Rhine, Heinrich Himmler formed the headquarters of the XIV SS Army Corps in November 1944. Because there were not enough combat units available, the corps consisted of only one division, the 553rd Volksgrenadier Division. The force acted as a reserve for the army group.
The corps was given the task of attacking and pinning U.S. Army units at Gambsheim at the start of Operation Nordwind, so that they could not be used as reinforcements against the main attack, which would be deployed more to the north.
In the night of 4 to 5 January 1945, the 553rd Volksgrenadier Division crossed the Rhine near Gambsheim, where the Moder and Zorn rivers merge. Because most U.S. units of VI Corps fought in the north and thanks to the help of the pro-German population, the Germans were able to quickly extend their bridgehead to Kilstett, Herrlisheim, and Offendorf.
General Alexander Patch, commander of the U.S. 7th Army, ordered the newly arrived 12th Armored Division to destroy the bridgehead on 8 January. This attack and a second attack on 13 January failed with heavy losses.
On 14 January 1945, the XIV SS Army Corps received the 3rd SS Panzer Battalion of the 10th SS Panzer Division "Frundsberg", led by SS-Brigadeführer Heinz Harmel. The experienced Harmel ignored the orders of his corps commander and launched an attack on 16 January 1945. His heavy German tanks destroyed a U.S. tank battalion and overran the accompanying armoured infantry. Despite this victory, the German attack stalled. Canals and drainage canals cut through the landscape and many German tanks got stuck or had mechanical problems.
On the southern edge, the 3rd French Infantry Division expelled the 553rd Volksgrenadier Division from Kilstett and by 21 January, the German offensive came to an end.
In the East, the Soviet Vistula–Oder offensive had broken out and several German units were sent from the West to the endangered Eastern Front. The headquarters of the XIV SS Army Corps were dissolved and the staff formed the X SS Corps that was sent to Pommern.

## Commanders

* SS-Gruppenführer Heinz Reinefarth: November 1944
* SS-Obergruppenführer Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski: December 1944 – January 1945

## Sources

* Lexikon-der-wehrmacht
* Axis History
* okh.it
# Raymond E. Douglas

Raymond Edward "Ray" Douglas (April 5, 1949 – 29 June 2007), a graduate of Michigan State University, was an executive for the New York Times and is credited with helping to introduce color to its news pages and to adding new sections in the 1990s.

## Biography

Douglas was a veteran of the U.S. Air Force and received a Purple Heart during his service in Vietnam. He was a founding staff member of USA Today and was involved in the design and color systems for the Gannett Company when USA Today was launched in 1981.
He was the vice president for systems and technology for The New York Times Company, of which the newspaper is a part. He later became the corporate chief information officer. Douglas spent most of his career working with the computer systems that helped design and publish newspapers and was deeply involved in 1997 when the paper, making the broadest changes in its format since the 1970s, introduced a wide use of color in advertisements and photographs and added new sections, including separate weekday sports and arts sections. He died on June 29, 2007, in St. Augustine, Florida, from a pulmonary embolism.
# Angiotensin II receptor type 2

Angiotensin II receptor type 2, also known as the AT$_2$ receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGTR2 gene.

## Function

Angiotensin II is a potent pressor hormone and a primary regulator of aldosterone secretion. It is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular system. It acts through at least two types of receptors termed AT$_1$ and AT$_2$. AGTR2 belongs to a family 1 of G protein-coupled receptors. It is an integral membrane protein. It plays a role in the central nervous system and cardiovascular functions that are mediated by the renin–angiotensin system. This receptor mediates programmed cell death (apoptosis). Consistent with its apoptotic function, angiotensin II receptor type II also opposes cell proliferation, as demonstrated by its antagonism of MAPK activity in cardiac fibroblasts during interstitial fibrosis. In adults, it is highly expressed in myometrium with lower levels in adrenal gland and fallopian tube. It is highly expressed in fetal kidney and intestine. The human AGTR2 gene is composed of three exons and spans at least 5 kb. Exons 1 and 2 encode for 5' untranslated mRNA sequence and exon 3 harbors the entire uninterrupted open reading frame.
Stimulation of AT$_2$ by the selective agonist CGP 42112A increases mucosal nitric oxide production.

## Gene

Angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AGTR2) gene is a protein coding gene responsible for encoding AGTR2, the integral membrane protein that binds to two different G-protein coupled receptors. AGTR2 has recently been discovered to play a role in modifying lung disease. This receptor functions to mediate signaling in lung fibrosis and regulate nitric oxide synthase expression in pulmonary endothelium. AGTR2 has recently been prescribed as a target for lung inflammation therapy in cases of cystic fibrosis (CF). The X-chromosome region associated with CF lung disease is located in a non-coding region 3′ of the AGTR2 gene. The modification effect is likely due to variation in gene regulation rather than a change in protein coding sequence.
Variants at the X-chromosome locus containing AGTR2 gene were identified as significantly associating with lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis. Genetically modified mouse studies determined that absence of the AGTR2 gene normalized pulmonary function indicators in two independent CF mouse models. Furthermore, pharmacological antagonism of AGTR2 signaling improved lung function in CF mice to near wild-type levels. Manipulation of the angiotensin-signaling pathway to reduce AGTR2 signaling may be translatable for the treatment or prevention of CF.

## Interactions

Angiotensin II receptor type 2 has been shown to interact with MTUS1.
# Lads of Enchantment

The Lads of Enchantment is a barbershop quartet that won the 1957 SPEBSQSA international competition.
# Laidlaw Library

Laidlaw Library may refer to:
* The Laidlaw Library of the University of Leeds, England
* The Laidlaw Library of University College, Toronto, Canada
# Laidler

The surname Laidler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Laidler (born 1938), English/Canadian economist and scholar of monetarism
* Graham Laidler (1908–1940), British cartoonist
* Harry W. Laidler (1884–1970), American Socialist writer and politician
* Jeremy Laidler (born 1989), Australian rules football player
* Jim Laidler, American autism activist and skeptic
* Keith J. Laidler (1916–2003), English pioneer in chemical kinetics
# Lake Tanglewood, Texas

Lake Tanglewood is a village in Randall County, Texas, United States. The population was 796 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Amarillo, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$), of which 1.1 square miles (2.8 km$^2$) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km$^2$) (27.40%) is water.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Lake Tanglewood racial composition (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (NH) | 616 | 89.8% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 1 | 0.15% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 3 | 0.44% |
| Asian (NH) | 5 | 0.73% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 1 | 0.15% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 4 | 0.58% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 13 | 1.9% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 43 | 6.27% |
| Total | 686 | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 686 people, 318 households, and 243 families residing in the village.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 825 people, 342 households, and 282 families residing in the village. The population density was 777.4 inhabitants per square mile (300.2/km$^2$). There were 402 housing units at an average density of 378.8 per square mile (146.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.06% White, 0.73% Native American, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.94% of the population.
There were 342 households, out of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.7% were married couples living together, 2.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.5% were non-families. 14.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.66.
In the village, the age distribution of the population shows 17.8% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 19.4% from 25 to 44, 39.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females there were 102.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.4 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $67,344, and the median income for a family was $76,641. Males had a median income of $61,944 versus $30,938 for females. The per capita income for the village was $38,159. About 5.5% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.
# Lake Kegonsa State Park

Lake Kegonsa State Park is a state park of Wisconsin, United States, on the northeast shore of Lake Kegonsa. It is located in Dane County southeast of Madison, Wisconsin. The park consists of forest, prairie, and wetlands. Known for its campground, beach, and approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) of hiking trails, the park offers swimming, fishing, water-skiing, sailing, and a boat landing.
Lake Kegonsa itself covers 3,209 acres (12.99 km$^2$) and is more than 30 feet (9 m) deep. It was created by a glacier during the last ice age approximately 12,000 years ago.
# Lagarto

Lagarto (Spanish and Portuguese for 'lizard') or Lagartos may refer to:

## Places

* Lagarto, Sergipe, a city in Sergipe state of Brazil
* Lagartos, a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain
* Lagarto River, Costa Rica
* Lagarto (crater), Mars

## People

* António Lagarto, Portuguese set and costume designer and artist
* Jacob Lagarto, seventeenth century South-American rabbi and Talmudist
* Lúcio Rodrigues (born 1980), Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt and MMA fighter nicknamed "Lagarto"
* Lagarto (footballer) (1896-unknown), Severino Franco da Silva, Brazilian footballer

## Other uses

* USS Lagarto (SS-371), US World War II submarine
* Operation Lagarto, a failed Australian Second World War commando operation in Japanese-held Timor
* Macroscincus, a species of lizard otherwise known as lagarto
* Lagarto Futebol Clube, a Brazilian football club
* Lagartos FC, a Guinea-Bissauan football club
* El Lagarto, the hydroplane which won the APBA Gold Cup from 1933 to 1935
# Lake Shore Chapel

Lake Shore Chapel is a historic chapel on Shorewood Road at the junction with Campbell Road in Douglas, Michigan. It was built in 1904 and added to the National Register in 1997.

## History

In 1896, a summer cottage colony was established near this location by D. O. Barto and William Angus Douglass of Oak Park, Illinois. They purchased lots, built cottages, and were followed by other residents of Oak Park - particularly those from the First Presbyterian Church there - followed suit. In 1897, Professor Lucius E. Sayre of the University of Kansas also established a cottage nearby, and several other university families did the same. In 1899, a small group of people both from both the Oak Park church and the University of Kansas purchased 500 feet of shoreline and christened it "the Knolls." In 101, a larger group purchased and platted one quarter mile of lake frontage just north of the Knolls as "Shorewood." These early cottagers organized their own Sunday school in 1900, and in 1903 decided to construct a chapel.
Property was donated for the chapel, and plans obtained from Atlanta architect Harry L. Walker. The chapel was substantially built over the spring of 1904 by Grand Rapids contractor J. B. Ackerman, and the first Sunday school class met in the building in early July. Final details took a short while longer, and a permanent Lake Shore Chapel organization was founded in August.
A bell tower was constructed in 1925. Although the chapel was originally designed to house both adult worshipers and Sunday school, it was not a satisfactory arrangement due to noise. In 1947/48, the congregation built a separate Sunday school building, designed by Saugatuck architect Carl Hoerman to closely match the original chapel.

## Description

The Lake Shore Chapel is a simple one-story hip-roof wood-frame chapel building, measuring approximately 51 feet by 31 feet. The building is L-shaped, with large entrance doors in the angle of the L. The building is clad with clapboards and contains large casement windows. A cupola is located on the asphalt-shingled roof. The interior of the chapel has unfinished walls and a ceiling covered with narrow boarding.
A small freestanding bell tower and a separate Children's Chapel, matching in style and construction, are located nearby.
# Roger Pillath

Roger Pillath was a player in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Rams and Pittsburgh Steelers in 1965 and 1966 as a tackle. He played at the collegiate level at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

## Biography

Pillath was born Roger Allan Pillath on December 21, 1941, in Marinette, Wisconsin.
# Ricarda Winkelmann

Ricarda Winkelmann (born 1985) is a German mathematician, physicist, and climatologist. She is a professor of Climate System Analysis at Potsdam University and the Potsdam-Institute for Climate Impact Research. She studies interdependencies between climate, land ice, and the ocean.
She is the 2017 winner of the Karl Scheel Prize.
Since July 1, 2023 she is founding director of the Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology

## Education

Winkelmann has a PhD in physics from Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). The title of her dissertation was "The Future Sea-Level Contribution from Antarctica - Projections of Solid Ice Discharge". where she studied sea levels.
In 2010-11 she took part in scientific expeditions to Antarctica aboard the research vessel Polarstern, operated by the Alfred-Wegener-Institute. In 2013 and 2014, she worked as a post-doc at the Stanford University's Carnegie Institution for Science and at PIK.
She won the German Physical Society's Karl Scheel Prize in 2017 for her work on the impact of climate change on sea levels and the Antarctic ice sheet.

## Career

Since 2010, she developed the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) which is available as an Open-Source-Software model of the ice sheet. Since 2020, Winkelmann is professor of climate system analysis at the University of Potsdam.
In 2017, she won the European Geosciences Union's Outstanding Early Career Scientist Award for her work linking glaciology and climate change.

## Publications

* Winkelmann et al, Combustion of available fossil fuel resources sufficient to eliminate the Antarctic Ice Sheet, 2015, Science Advances, Vol 1, Issue 8, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500589
* Winkelmann et al, Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810141115 (2,000+ citations)
* Winkelmann et al, The Hysteresis of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, 2020, Nature DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2727-5.,
* Winkelmann et al, Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise, 2021, Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y.
# Isaac Ives

Isaac Ellis Ives (20 March 1840 – 7 December 1906) was an English-born Australian politician.
Ives was born at Great Waltham in Essex to retired overseer Isaac Ives and Susanna Field. He went to London at a young age and in 1857 migrated to Sydney to work at a Tooth & Co. brewery. In 1858 he married Henrietta Weston, with whom he had three children; a second marriage, in 1865 to Elene McDonald, produced a further seven children. From 1860 he managed a number of warehouses for Tooth & Co.
From 1874 to 1879 he served as 3rd Mayor to the Borough of Victoria in Sydney's Lower North Side. In 1885 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for St Leonards, serving until he retired in 1889. He was a Sydney City Councillor from 1893 to 1898, serving as 39th Mayor from 1896 to 1897. Ives died at Mosman in 1906.
Ives Steps Wharf, located in The Rocks area was named after him around 1896., as he was known to row himself to these steps from his residence across the harbour. The steps were previously known as the Waterman's Steps, the name stemming from the individual 'watermen' who would row people the short distance from Dawes Point to Blues Point or Milson's Point for a small charge.
# Violet T. Lewis

Violet T. Lewis (May 27, 1897 – March 23, 1968) was an American businesswoman and educator who founded the Lewis College of Business in 1928, the only historically black college in Michigan.

## Early life

Lewis was born Violet Temple Harrison on May 27, 1897, in Lima, Ohio. She was the second of the six children of William and Eva Harrison. She graduated from Lima High School in 1915. She attended Wilberforce University from 1915 to 1917.

## Career

Lewis' first job was as secretary to the president of Selma University in Alabama. She also taught secretarial classes in its business department. She later moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, where she worked as a bookkeeper.
After noticing a large number of young unemployed people, Lewis took a $50 loan and opened the Lewis Business College in 1928 in Indianapolis. Lewis started her own radio program, "The Negro Melody Hour", with a hope of boosting enrollment to the college. The program made her the first black radio announcer in Indiana.
Lewis owned multiple small businesses in Indianapolis, including an ice cream shop and a store selling Christmas trees and fireworks. She started an additional school in Detroit, Michigan in 1939, which opened the following February. Lewis eventually closed the Indiana college once the college's success in Detroit became apparent.
She later founded the Gamma Phi Delta sorority.

## Honors and awards

Lewis received a posthumous honorary doctorate from Wilberforce University. In 1992, she was inducted into the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame. In 2021, a portion of the M-10 highway in Detroit was named the Violet T. Lewis Memorial Highway.

## Personal life

She married Thomas Garfield Lewis in 1920 and had two children before their divorce in 1943. Lewis died on March 23, 1968, at the age of 70.
# Jimmy Anderson

Jimmy Anderson may refer to:
* Jimmy Anderson (basketball) (1937–2024), American collegiate basketball player and coach
* Jimmy Anderson (baseball) (born 1976), American MLB player
* Jimmy Anderson (boxer) (born 1942), British boxer
* Jimmy Anderson (bullfighter) (1953–2008), American bullfighter
* James Anderson (cricketer) (born 1982), English cricketer also known as Jimmy Anderson
* Jimmy Anderson (football manager) (born before 1908), English football manager
* Jimmy Anderson (footballer, born 1913) (1913–1993), English football left back
* Jimmy Anderson (footballer, born 1932) (1932–2019), Scottish footballer
* Jimmy Anderson (legislator), (born 1986), disabled American politician from Wisconsin
* Jimmy Anderson (musician) (born 1932), Muscogee American painter, musician and preacher
# Phaseolin (protein)

Phaseolin is the main reserve globulin in seeds of the French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). It was named and first isolated and characterized by Thomas Burr Osborne in 1894.
Phaseolin is able to inhibit the activity of the enzyme α-amylase, which is responsible for the cleavage of carbohydrates. Phaseolin-containing plant extracts are used because of this nutritional property in food supplements and medical products. Phaseolin is the subject of various patent applications.
# XHECPQ-FM

XHECPQ-FM is a radio station on 102.1 FM in Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo, Mexico. It is owned by Sebastián Uc Yam, the ex-mayor of Felipe Carrillo Puerto, and currently operated by Grupo Sol Corporativo as a Classic hits format station known as Retro.

## History

XECPQ-AM 1460 received its concession on October 25, 1985. The 1 kW daytimer later moved to 720 kHz by 2000, and then to FM in 2012. In 2000, Uc Yam received the permit for a sister station, XHRTO-FM 100.5, which originally operated as a "combo" FM for XECPQ.
In October 2013, a grenade attack forced XHECPQ-XHRTO off air. The stations were destroyed and later rebuilt.
In 2013, the station was being operated by the Navarro brothers from Chetumal.
In November 2014, La Estrella Maya Que Habla ceased carriage of the Primera Edición morning newscast from MVS Radio, featuring Carmen Aristegui, five months before MVS removed Aristegui from the program. In 2018, Luna Medios, which operates XHQAA-FM Chetumal, took over operations of XHECPQ-FM, with La Estrella Maya Que Habla returning to 100.5 only. The station is now known as Retro.
# Ray Williams (rugby league)

Ray Williams is a New Zealand rugby league footballer who represented New Zealand.

## Playing career

Williams played for the Richmond club and first represented Auckland in 1968.
In 1970 he won the Lipscombe Cup as the Auckland Rugby League's sportsman of the year.
He was selected for the New Zealand side that year, coming off the bench in their 16-33 loss to Great Britain.
In 1971 he was part of the Auckland side that defeated Australia 15-14.
# Qarapapaq

Qarapapaq (also, Karapapakh) is a village and municipality in Qazax District, Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,750.
# Queensland Urban Utilities

Urban Utilities (UU) is the trading name of the Central SEQ Distributor-Retailer Authority, a statutory authority of the Government of Queensland that is responsible for the delivery of retail water supply and wastewater services across five local government areas in South East Queensland, in Australia. The shareholders of the statutory authority are the councils of Brisbane, Ipswich, Lockyer Valley, Scenic Rim, and Somerset.

## Function and activities

The authority was formed of 1 July 2010 when it assumed the functions of Brisbane Water, a government business enterprise that was owned and managed by the Brisbane City Council, together with the merging of water assets from the four other member local government authorities. At the time, the A$4.3 billion merger was the largest water transaction and second largest infrastructure transaction in Australian history.
UU services over a quarter of Queensland's total population.
Related organisations are Unitywater (Moreton Bay, Sunshine Coast and Noosa), Logan City Council (Logan Water), Redland City Council (Redland Water), and Gold Coast City Council. Allconnex Water supplied Logan, Redland and Gold Coast, until 30 June 2012.
# Animals named as black-legged

A wide variety of animals have names describing them as black-legged.
* Birds:
** Black-legged kittiwake
** Black-legged seriema
** Black-legged dacnis
* Amphibians:
** Black-legged dart frog
* Invertebrates:
** Arthropods
*** Insects
**** Blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis
**** Black-legged water-snipefly, Atherix marginata
**** Black-legged horsefly, Hybomitra micans
**** Violet black-legged robberfly, Dioctria atricapilla
**** Blackleg tortoiseshell, another name for the large tortoiseshell butterfly