OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Helium dating

Helium dating (abbreviated (U–Th)/He dating) refers to a variety of He diffusion methods that utilize the mobility of radiogenic He atoms to determine the thermal history of a rock. Helium diffusion experiments are often used to help interpret information retrieved from U–Th/He thermochronometric experiments. Kinematic parameters derived from He diffusion is done through estimating He diffusion over a range of temperatures. The use of density functional theory helps in estimating energy barriers for He to overcome as it diffuses across various crystallographic directions. Discrepancies, however, between observed and predicted He diffusion rates is still a problem and likely stem from unresolved problems in crystal defects and radiation damage in natural grains as opposed to theoretical grains. Depending on the mineral analyzed there are different assumptions to be made on He mobility. For example, He diffusion in minerals such as zircon, rutile, and monazite have been shown to be strongly anisotropic.
A relatively new dating method, tritium–helium dating has been developed for determining rates of oxygen utilization in the ocean.

## $^4$He/$^3$He Thermochronometry

Traditional U–Th/He thermochronometry determines the temperature T$_c$ that the analyzed sample had at a time in the past corresponding to the age given by its content of parent and daughter nuclides. More information, however, can be concluded about a mineral's thermal history if an analysis of the He distribution in-situ is performed. Similar to the argon–argon dating (which uses $^{40}$Ar and $^{39}$Ar isotopes) where $^{39}$Ar is a second non-radiogenically produced isotope derived from $^{39}$K, each step-heating release of $^{39}$Ar can be directly associated with a date. With Helium-3 ($^3$He) production the $^4$He/$^3$He evolution is interpreted to provide an intragranular Helium-4 ($^4$He) distribution. This method is superior in two ways: diffusion kinetics for $^4$He can be precisely determined and the $^4$He distribution provides a continuous path in a time-temperature history s opposed to a single point in a bulk-grain date.
More specifically, the $^4$He distribution in a grain is a function of the time-integrated internal production from parent nuclides, minus diffusion loss and alpha ejection. This is done in conjunction with the assumption that the model is a spherical grain and calculations correlate with a radial position within that sphere. These calculations also assume that diffusion is isotropic.

## Use to support creationism

In 1997, the Institute of Creation Research began a research project, named "RATE" (Radioisotopes and the Age of The Earth), which aimed at determining the validity of scientifically accepted radiometric dating. One paper published from this research project describes the perceived issues of uniformitarian (U–Th)/He dating. The assumptions made in the creationist arguments neglect the sensitivity that He diffusion methods have in regard to temperature fluctuations over time – especially since the granodiorite analyzed in the study has very complex geologic and thermal history.
# San Giuliano, Rimini

San Giuliano or San Giuliano Martire is a Renaissance-style Roman Catholic church in Rimini, Italy.
The church was built during 1553–1575 adjacent to a Benedictine order abbey. The present structure was built at the site of a 9th-century church dedicated to Santi Apostoli Pietro e Paolo. The Benedictines were suppressed in 1797 by Napoleonic forces.
The church held works by Giuseppe Pedretti and Francesco Mancini. The main altarpiece is a master work by Paolo Veronese depicting the Martyrdom of San Giuliano (1588). The church also houses the polyptych (1409) by Bittino da Faenza (1357–1427) depicting episodes of this saint's life. Relics of the saint were kept in the church.

## Sarcophagus legend

According to local legend, during the reign of Otto the Great in the 10th century, a marble sarcophagus washed up on Rimini's shores, in the area that became known as Sacramora (lit. 'sacred dwelling'). A spring of pure water surged at the place of the sarcophagus' landing. Giovanni, the abbot of the monastery of St Peter, transported the sarcophagus to the monastery, where it was opened and found to contain the incorrupt body of Julian of Antioch, martyred in Cilicia. The tradition holds that Julian's body was transported to a spur of rock on Marmara Island, and a landslide dislodged it into the sea, leading to its arrival in Rimini.
The sarcophagus was inspected in the 15th century, and for another time in March 1584, when it revealed two coffins, with the lower one empty. On 8 June 1910, the sarcophagus was opened again. It was described as worn: visiting pilgrims would scratch the sarcophagus, believing its powder to be miraculous. Several coins were recovered, ranging in their date from Constantine to Innocent X.
# Yours Fatally

"Yours Fatally" is a single released in 2004 by the UK hip hop/R&B group Big Brovaz. It was the first single from their second album, Re-Entry and the last single released with record label Epic Records.
The album Re-Entry was originally due for release in early 2005 but due to the underperformance of "Yours Fatally" and due to their record company dropping them, the album was not released until 9 April 2007, however it was decided that this song would still be included on the album.
The single became Big Brovaz' seventh UK hit but their third consecutive single to miss the top ten, peaking at number 15. Because "Yours Fatally" was the first single from their second album, it was viewed to have underperformed considerably. It did, however, outpeak the previous single "We Wanna Thank You (The Things You Do)". The single was not released outside the UK.
"Yours Fatally" was the final single released with group member Dion, who decided not to re-join the group after their hiatus after they were dropped from Epic Records; however, her vocals were left on the version of "Yours Fatally" released on Re-Entry.

## Track listing

UK CD 1
* "Yours Fatally" (radio edit)
* "Yours Fatally" (Ron G remix)
UK CD 2
* "Yours Fatally" (radio edit)
* "Yours Fatally" (Ghetto Dwellaz remix)
* "Yours Fatally" (Ray Keith remix)
* "Yours Fatally" (video)
# August Hiss

August Hiss was a Swiss footballer who played one season for FC Basel. He played in the position as striker.
Hiss joined Basel's first team before the 1931–32 season and made his domestic league debut for the club in the home game at the Landhof on 27 September 1931 as Basel lost 0–6 against Urania Genève Sport. He scored his first goal for his club on 25 October in the away game against Zürich. But his goal could not save Basel from a 4–1 defeat.
In that season Hiss played a total of 18 games for Basel scoring a total of 10 goals. Nine of these games were in the Swiss Serie A, three in the Swiss Cup and six were friendly games. He scored three goal in the domestic league, three in the cup competition and the other four were scored during the test games.
An episode that is noted in association with the Swiss Cup, was the second-round replay away against FC Lugano on 22 November 1931. The mood amongst the 3,000 spectators was heated even before the kick-off. This because after the 3–3 draw in the first game; the local press had circulated the most incredible rumours. Then, Basel's Alfred Schlecht scored the winning goal early, not even two minutes after the game had started. However, shortly before the end of the match referee Hans Wüthrich did not blow his whistle and award a penalty after an alleged handball by a Basel player. The referee ended the game shortly afterwards with a Basel victory and the ill tempers were worsened. After the game there were tumults and riots among the spectators who were not satisfied with the referee's performance. Stones were thrown at referee and players and the windows of the changing rooms were smashed. It was some eight hours before things were settled enough for the police to able to bring both the referee and the entire Basel team to safety, by ship over Lake Lugano. According to the reports in the club chronicles, quite a few players were injured. Josef Remay had a bleeding head, Hermann Enderlin had a hole above his eye, Leopold Kielholz and goalkeeper Paul Blumer were also hurt. Hiss escaped unhurt. Lugano was sanctioned and had to play their next home games at least 100 kilometers from their home ground.
# Burns stanza

The Burns stanza is a verse form named after the Scottish poet Robert Burns, who used it in some fifty poems. It was not, however, invented by Burns, and prior to his use of it was known as the standard Habbie, after the piper Habbie Simpson (1550–1620). It is also sometimes known as the Scottish stanza or six-line stave. It is found in Middle English in the Romance of Octovian (Octavian). It was also found in mediaeval Provençal poems and miracle plays from the Middle Ages.
The first notable poem written in this stanza was the "Lament for Habbie Simpson; or, the Life and Death of the Piper of Kilbarchan" by Robert Sempill the younger. The stanza was used frequently by major 18th-century Lowland Scots poets such as Robert Fergusson and Robert Burns and has been used by subsequent poets. Major poems in the stanza include Burns's "To a Mouse", "To a Louse", "Address to the Deil" and "Death and Doctor Hornbook". The stanza is six lines in length and rhymes AAABAB, with tetrameter A lines and dimeter B lines. The second B line may or may not be repeated.
Although the "Lament for Habbie" itself is strictly lyrical, subsequent uses have tended to be comic and satirical, as this passage from Burns shows:
   O THOU! whatever title suit thee— Auld Hornie, Satan, Nick, or Clootie, Wha in yon cavern grim an' sootie, Clos'd under hatches, Spairges about the brunstane cootie, To scaud poor wretches!
   Hear me, auld Hangie, for a wee, An' let poor damned bodies be; I’m sure sma' pleasure it can gie, Ev'n to a deil, To skelp an' scaud poor dogs like me, An' hear us squeel!
A variation on the Burns stanza employs the rhyme scheme AABCCCB, with foreshortened third and seventh lines. This form is deployed, for example, in W. H. Auden's poem "Brother, who when the sirens roar" (also known as "A Communist to Others"):
   Brothers, who when the sirens roar From office, shop and factory pour 'Neath evening sky; By cops directed to the fug Of talkie-houses for a drug, Or down canals to find a hug Until you die: (lines 1–7)
Auden uses similar verse forms in other poems in the collection Look, Stranger! (also known as On This Island), such as "The Witnesses" and "Out on the Lawn I Lie in Bed" (also known as "Summer Night"). A more recent example can be seen in W. N. Herbert's "To a Mousse". The AABCCCB variation is also employed by Samuel Francis Smith in the lyrics of his song "America":
   My country, 'tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing; Land where my fathers died, Land of the pilgrims' pride, From ev'ry mountainside Let freedom ring! (lines 1–7)
# Tangen

Tangen is a village in Stange Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located near the shores of the large lake Mjøsa, about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the village of Stangebyen. The small village of Espa lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the south of Tangen.
The 0.6-square-kilometre (150-acre) village has a population (2021) of 535 and a population density of 897 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,320/sq mi).
The Dovrebanen railway line runs through the village, stopping at Tangen Station. The European route E6 highway runs along the east side of Tangen.

## Notable people

* Odvar Nordli, former Prime Minister of Norway, was born and raised in Tangen.
# Homemade TV

Homemade TV is a Canadian children's television series which aired on CBC Television from 1976 to 1977.

## Premise

This series featured comedy segments from the Homemade Theatre company (Barry Flatman, Fred Mollin, Larry Mollin, Phil Savath). Jed McKay, another company member, was not in the regular cast but served as series writer.
"The Big Story" was a feature sketch in each episode. Some segments were parodies of other films and plays such as "Pigmalion" (for Pygmalion) and "Ricky" (instead of Rocky). Other sketches included the period piece "Rock 'n Romans", whose characters were Emperor Rollus and Roculuse, his slave. Quebec separatism was the focus of the bilingual sketch "Ouest Side Story". In its final run from October 1977, episodes featured a magazine structure, with the participation of children who submitted story ideas or who joined the cast on set. The children who joined the cast on set were selected from the Young People's Theatre acting school at which the members of the Homemade Theatre company taught.
Each episode began with the following voiceover: "It's 4:30. Do you know where your parents are?"

## Scheduling

The initial run of this half-hour series was broadcast weekdays at 4:30 p.m. (Eastern time) from 27 February to 26 March 1976. The second season aired weekly on Tuesdays at 5:00 p.m. from 2 November 1976 to 8 March 1977. Its third and final run was broadcast on Wednesdays at 4:00 p.m. from 5 October to 28 December 1977. Rebroadcasts were scheduled from June to August 1977 and from April to June 1978.

## Response

The series received an ACTRA Award nomination for Best Children's Television Program at the 7th ACTRA Awards in 1978.
# Vrbovec, Trebnje

Vrbovec (pronounced) is a village southeast of Dobrnič in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Bob Carey

Bob Carey is the name of:
* Bob Carey (racing driver) (1904–1933), American race car driver
* Bob Carey (American football) (1930–1988), American football player
* Bob Carey (singer), American folk singer, member of The Tarriers
# Hendrick Bloemaert

Hendrick Bloemaert (1601 or 1602 – 30 December 1672) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

## Biography

Hendrick was the oldest son of Abraham Bloemaert. His brothers Cornelis and Adriaen were also painters. In 1626 he was registered in Rome, but by 1631 he was back in Utrecht, where he registered in the Utrecht Guild of St. Luke and married Margaretha van der Eem, the daughter of a lawyer.

## Works

According to Houbraken, he never became as good as his father, but it is unclear whether Houbraken saw his work or copied this comment from Joachim von Sandrart. He is considered an important member of the Utrecht school of Caravaggisti, and was known for his portraits and historical allegories. He was also known for his poetry.
# San Giuliano Milanese

San Giuliano Milanese (Milanese: San Giulian) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 12 kilometres (7 miles) southeast of Milan. It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on April 24, 2000.
The frazione of Viboldone is home to the historical Abbey of Viboldone.
The town is served by the Borgolombardo and San Giuliano Milanese railway stations.

## Twin towns - sister cities

San Giuliano Milanese is twinned with:
* Bussy-Saint-Georges, France, since 2001
* Curtea de Argeş, Romania, since 2003
# Youngtown Barracks

Youngtown Barracks is an Australian Defence Force barracks in central Launceston, Tasmania.
Youngtown Barracks is home to the following units:
* A Coy, 12th/40th Battalion, Royal Tasmania Regiment
* 67 Regional Cadet Unit, Army Cadet Unit
# August Ruyssevelt

August Ruyssevelt (born 4 November 1896, date of death unknown) was a Belgian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Viva Las Violence

Viva Las Violence is the fourth studio album of North Carolina horror-themed punk band Frankenstein Drag Queens from Planet 13. It was released on November 6, 2001, on Century Media Records, in collaboration with People Like You Records. It is featured in the 2006 box set, Little Box of Horrors.

## Track listing

* "Viva Los Violence" – 2:11
* "The Devil Made Me Do It" – 3:05
* "Give Her to the Monsters" – 3:05
* "Smother My Brother" – 3:12
* "Planet of the Apes" – 2:59
* "Evil Is Good" – 3:21
* "We Have to Kill You" – 3:35
* "Kung Fu You" – 2:02
* "Murder Pie" – 4:44
* "Eat Drugs First" – 2:58
* "Celebrity Skinned" – 1:52
* "Dead and Breakfast (A Night at the Sawyer's)" – 2:25
* "Bark at the Moon" – 3:59
* "Galactic Chicken Shit" [Live] – 3:14
Total album length: 43:19

## Album credits

* Wednesday 13: Guitar, Vocals (credited for "Gagging, Glitter, Guts, and Glory)
* Ikky: Guitar (credited for "Cosmetics, Chaos, Carnage, and Cadavers")
* Seaweed: Bass (credited for "Mutilations, Monsters, Mayhem and Madness")
* Scabs: Drums (credited for "Skins, Skeletons, SNots and Shocks")
* This article about a punk rock album from the 2000s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Robert Flynn (disambiguation)

Robert Flynn may refer to:
* Robb Flynn (born 1968), American guitarist
* Robert J. Flynn (1937–2014), United States Navy naval flight officer
* Robert Flynn (author) (born 1932), American novelist from Texas
* Robbie Flynn, fictional character on Hollyoaks
* Bobby Flynn (born 1981), Australian musician
# Amarendra Mohanty

Amarendra Mohanty (Odisha: ଅମରେନ୍ଦ୍ର ମହାନ୍ତି; 6 February 1958 – 17 May 2021) was an Indian music composer and singer who mainly worked in Odia film and television industry.

## Personal life

Amarendra was born on 6 February 1958 in Kendrapara district of Odisha, India. He died on 17 May 2021, from COVID-19 related issues during the pandemic in India.

## Career

Mohanty started his musical career with Akashvani Cuttack. Later he started singing in different Odia films. In 1993 he started his career as a music director through the Odia movie Shradhanjali. Later he worked in films like Magunira Shagada, Suna Panjuri, Sarapancha Babu, Bhai Hela Bhagari, Stree, Kandhei Akhire Luha, etc. His last film as a music director was Ranga Barasiba Tupuru Tupuru released in 2019.
# Biggar (surname)

Biggar is a surname of Scottish origin. People with the surname include:
* Alastair Biggar (1946–2016), Scottish rugby union player
* Alexander Biggar (disambiguation), multiple people
* Ann-Maree Biggar (born 1967), Australian television presenter
* Billy Biggar (1874–1935), English footballer
* Dan Biggar (born 1989), Welsh rugby union player
* Helen Biggar (1909–1953), Scottish sculptor and filmmaker
* Henry Percival Biggar (1872–1938), Canadian historian
* Herbert Biggar (1809–1892), Canadian merchant and politician
* James Lyons Biggar (1824–1879), Canadian merchant and politician
* James Lyons Biggar (1856–1922), Canadian soldier
* John Biggar (Scottish politician) (1874–1943), Scottish politician
* John Walter Scott Biggar (1843–1897), Canadian farmer and politician
* Joseph Biggar (c. 1828–1890), Irish politician
* Kyle Biggar (born 1986), Scottish biologist
* Margaret Catherine Biggar Blaikie (1823-1915), Scottish temperance reformer
* Mike Biggar (born 1949), Scottish rugby union player
* Murray Biggar, Canadian politician
* Nigel Biggar (born 1955), British theologian and priest
* Oliver Mowat Biggar (1876–1948), Canadian lawyer and civil servant
* Paula Biggar, Canadian politician
* Sanford Dennis Biggar, Canadian politician
* William Hodgins Biggar (1852–1922), Canadian lawyer and politician
# Second Old School Baptist Church of Roxbury

Second Old School Baptist Church of Roxbury is a historic Baptist church building on City Rd. 41 in Roxbury, Delaware County, New York. It is a 2-story, three-by-four-bay wood-frame building constructed in 1832–1833. The interior features a traditional meeting house plan. Also on the property is a small frame outhouse built about 1870, a three-step fieldstone carriage step, and cemetery.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
# Pittosporum eriocarpum

Pittosporum eriocarpum is a plant species of the Indian subcontinent in the Pittosporaceae family, native to Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. This taxon is threatened by habitat loss.
# Third Street Motor Car Company Building

The Third Street Motor Car Company Building, at 216 E. Third St. in Newport, Kentucky, was built in 1916. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
It was deemed notable as "one of northern Kentucky's finest examples of this increasingly rare building type. It is characteristic in form and detailing, retaining many original features. Its tapestry brickwork and geometrical detailing, influenced by the Craftsman style, set it apart from other area examples. It has been evaluated within the context of "Automobile Showrooms of Northern Kentucky, c. 1910-1945."
# Young–Burgess classification

The Young–Burgess classification is a system of categorizing pelvic fractures based on the vector of applied force at the time of injury and degree of resulting disruption, allowing judgment on the stability of the pelvic ring and prediction of associated blood loss.

## Classification

| Anteroposterior Compression (APC) | Lateral Compression (LC) | Vertical Shear (VS) | Combined Mechanical Injury (CM) |
| Force directed front to back against the pelvic ring | Direct (or indirect via the proximal femur) lateral impact against the pelvic ring | Superior directed force to one side of the pelvis | Combination of other injury vectors (e.g. LC + VS) |
| APC I - Symphysis widening < 2 cm | LC I - Compression fractures of the pubic rami (superior pubic ramus and inferior pubic ramus) and ipsilateral anterior sacral ala | VS - Symphysis diastasis or vertical pubic rami fractures with associated posterior injury (sacrum or SI joints) | CM - Combination of features of involved patterns |
| APC II - Symphysis widening > 2 cm. Anterior SI joint diastasis. Disruption of sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments. An "open book" injury. | LC II - Rami fractures and ipsilateral posterior iliac wing fracture (crescent fracture) which may involve the SI joint | VS - Symphysis diastasis or vertical pubic rami fractures with associated posterior injury (sacrum or SI joints) | CM - Combination of features of involved patterns |
| APC III - SI dislocation often associated with vascular injury | LC III - Ipsilateral lateral compression and contralateral APC (windswept pelvis) | VS - Symphysis diastasis or vertical pubic rami fractures with associated posterior injury (sacrum or SI joints) | CM - Combination of features of involved patterns |
# Richard Evelyn Byrd (disambiguation)

Richard Evelyn Byrd Jr. (1888–1957) was an American naval officer and polar explorer.
Richard Evelyn Byrd also refer to:
* Richard Evelyn Byrd Sr. (1860–1925), Virginia politician
* Richard Evelyn Byrd III (1920–1988), United States naval officer, son of the polar explorer
# Lieser

Lieser may refer to:
* Clemens Freiherr von Schorlemer-Lieser (1856–1922), German politician
* Lieser, Germany, a village in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
* Schloss Lieser, a castle in the village of Lieser, Germany
* Lieser (Drava), a river of Carinthia, Austria, tributary of the Drava
* Lieser (Moselle), a river of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, left tributary of the Moselle
# Amaury García (baseball)

Amaury Miguel García (born May 20, 1975) is a former Major League Baseball second baseman and current hitting coach for the Hagerstown Suns. He played for the Florida Marlins for ten games during the 1999 Florida Marlins season.