OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pereyil Jagadeeswarar Temple

Pereyil Jagadeeswarar Temple(பேரெயில் ஜகதீஸ்வரர் கோயில்) is a Hindu temple located at Tirukollampudur in Tiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple is dedicated to Shiva, as the moolavar presiding deity, in his manifestation as Vilvaranyeswarar. His consort, Parvati, is known as Jagan Nayaki. The historical name of the place is Pereyil.

## Significance

It is one of the shrines of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams - Shiva Sthalams glorified in the early medieval Tevaram poems by Tamil Saivite Nayanar Tirunavukkarasar.
# Penwith Housing Association

The Penwith Housing Association was a social housing provider based in Cornwall, UK. It was formed in 1994 following the sale of Penwith District Council's housing stock. The housing association was one of the largest providers of housing in Cornwall. Penwith Housing Association housing stock transferred from local councils and subsequently joined Devon and Cornwall Housing (DCH) in 2006 and 2007. In 2018, DCH merged with Knightstone Housing to form LiveWest.
# HMS Wanderer

HMS Wanderer may refer to one of seven Royal Navy ships of that name.
* HMS Wanderer (1806) was a sixth-rate 20-gun ship launched in 1806 and sold in 1817. Made one voyage as a whaling ship between 1817 and 1820. Then sailed as a merchantman trading with North America. Last listed in 1827; abandoned as waterlogged off Newfoundland on 28 October 1827.
* HMS Wanderer (1835) was a 16-gun brig-sloop launched in 1835 and disposed of in 1850.
* HMS Wanderer (1855) was a 5-gun gunvessel launched in 1855 and disposed of in 1866.
* HMS Wanderer (1883) was a sail training brig launched in 1883 and disposed of in 1907.
* HMS Wanderer was a paddle steamer/mine sweeper built in 1906 with the previous names Roslin Castle, Lady Margaret and Liberty, bought by the Royal Navy in 1908, named Wanderer in 1913 and renamed Roamer in 1919
* HMS Wanderer (D74) was an Admiralty modified W-class destroyer launched in 1919 and disposed of in 1946.
# Per Gram

Peder "Per" Gram (11 September 1910 – 12 March 1984) was a Norwegian barrister. His main contributions came within maritime law, as chief executive officer of the Nordisk Defence Club.

## Personal life

He was a son of physician Harald Mathias "Mads" Gram (1875–1929) and art historian Irma Ingertha Schram (1873–1945). On the paternal side he was a second cousin of Gregers Gram, nephew of Johan Fredrik Gram, grandson of Jens Gram, grandnephew of Andrea Gram, great-grandson of P. A. Munch and great-great-grandson of Jens Jensen Gram.
In 1939 he married alpine skier Johanne "Hannemor" Dybwad (1918–2011), a daughter of barrister Nils Juell Dybwad and granddaughter of actress Johanne Dybwad. Their daughter Kari Garmann became a politician.

## Career

He finished his secondary education in 1928 and Oslo Commerce School in 1929, and graduated from the Royal Frederick University with the cand.jur. degree in 1934. He was a junior solicitor in Oslo from 1935 to 1936, law clerk in London from 1936 to 1939 and then secretary in the Nordisk Defence Club from 1939. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he fled to Sweden and was a secretary at the Norwegian legation in Stockholm's Administration Office from 1943 to 1944, then at the Nortraship branch office from 1945. He was decorated with the Defence Medal 1940–1945 for war efforts.
Gram specialized in maritime law and freight law. He issued the scholarly books Fraktavtaler og deres tolkning in 1948 and Sjølovene på engelsk in 1950. In 1953 and 1963 he published registries of recent Nordic verdicts within maritime law. The first volume covered the period 1940–1951, the second covered the period 1952–1961. He was a lecturer at Oslo Shippingskole from 1947 to 1950 and censor for law candidates at the University of Oslo from 1950. He was also a member of the state's Maritime Law Commission from 1957 to 1981.
From 1949 he practised law as a barrister, with access to working with Supreme Court cases. He was also a secretary in the Norwegian Maritime Law Association from 1948 to 1963, thereafter a board member of the Scandinavian Institute of Maritime Law. However his main work was still as the secretary in the Nordisk Defence Club, where he was promoted to assisting director in 1958 and chief executive officer in 1960. He retired in 1978, but continued as a consultant, as well as partner since 1979 in the law firm Gram, Hambro & Garman.
Gram was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav and Commander of the Order of Vasa. He died in March 1984, and was buried in Norderhov.
# Hakaria

Hakaria is a genus of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The genus contains one species, Hakaria simonyi, which is endemic to Socotra.

## Etymology

The specific name, simonyi, is in honor of Viennese naturalist Oskar Simony (1852–1915).

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of H. simonyi is shrubland, at altitudes of 10–1,463 m (33–4,800 ft).
# HTR High Tech Racing

HTR High Tech Racing is a video game by Brazilian studio QUByte Interactive for Microsoft Windows, Android, iOS, and soon Nintendo 3DS.

## Gameplay

The player can customize various aspects of the game, including their car and their track. There are 16 tracks in game with the option to download other tracks as well, including those developed by the community.
# Haines Index

Haines Index (also known as the Lower Atmosphere Severity Index) is a weather index developed by meteorologist Donald Haines in 1988 that measures the potential for dry, unstable air to contribute to the development of large or erratic wildland fires. The index is derived from the stability (temperature difference between different levels of the atmosphere) and moisture content (dew point depression) of the lower atmosphere. These data may be acquired with a radiosonde or simulated by a numerical weather prediction model. The index is calculated over three ranges of atmospheric pressure: low elevation (950-850 millibars (mb)), mid elevation (850-700 mb), and high elevation (700-500 mb).
A Haines Index of 6 means a high potential for an existing fire to become large or exhibit erratic fire behavior, 5 means medium potential, 4 means low potential, and anything less than 4 means very low potential.
# Peravia least gecko

The Peravia least gecko (Sphaerodactylus ocoae) is a species of lizard in the family Sphaerodactylidae. The species is endemic to the Dominican Republic.

## Etymology

The specific name, ocoae, refers to the Sierra de Ocoa mountain range.

## Geographic range

S. ocoae is found in Peravia Province, Dominican Republic.

## Habitat

The preferred habitat of S. ocoae is forest.

## Reproduction

S. ocoae is oviparous.
# Perturbation

Perturbation or perturb may refer to:
* Perturbation theory, mathematical methods that give approximate solutions to problems that cannot be solved exactly
* Perturbation (geology), changes in the nature of alluvial deposits over time
* Perturbation (astronomy), alterations to an object's orbit (e.g., caused by gravitational interactions with other bodies)
* Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics), a set of approximation schemes directly related to mathematical perturbation for describing a complicated quantum system in terms of a simpler one
* Perturbation (biology), an alteration of the function of a biological system, induced by external or internal mechanisms
* Perturbation function, mathematical function which relates the primal and dual problems
# Per dire di no

"Per dire di no" is the first single from Alexia's sixth studio album Il cuore a modo mio and was released on CD in March 2003 (Sony Code 673593). The CD contained two tracks, with the second track being the 'reprise' version which would be included as a bonus track on the album.
The song was performed by Alexia at the Sanremo Music Festival 2003, where she had come second the year before with "Dimmi come...". This time she came first placed.
The title translates as 'To Say No', with the song describing a man that appeared to be perfect, but may not be so, with Alexia thus saying no and choosing to live a life of solitude.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2003) | Peak position |
| Italy (FIMI) | 11 |
| Italy Airplay (Nielsen Music Control) | 2 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 83 |
# Haddon Fortnightly Club House

Haddon Fortnightly Club House is located in Haddonfield, Camden County, New Jersey, United States. The building was built in 1857 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 26, 1972.
# Hai, Lviv Oblast

Hai (Ukrainian: Гаї) is a village in Zolochiv Raion of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Brody urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population is 655. Postal code is 80650.
Until 18 July 2020, Hai belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.
# Hai'an–Yangkou Port railway

The Hai'an–Yangkou Port railway (Chinese: 海洋铁路; pinyin: Hǎi-Yáng tiělù), also known as Rudong railway (Chinese: 如东铁路; pinyin: Rúdōng tiělù), is a single-track railway branch in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China. The combined passenger and freight line is 77 kilometres (47.8 mi) long and has a design speed of 120 kilometres per hour (74.6 mph).

## History

Construction began in 2008. The line was completed in 2012. Passenger service began on 16 January 2014. The line was designed to allow electrification and speeds of up to 160 kilometres per hour (99.4 mph) in the future.

## Route

The line diverges from the Nanjing–Qidong railway south of Hai'an railway station and continues east.

## Stations

* Hai'an
* Xichang (freight)
* Bencha
* Rudong
* Beiyu (freight)
# Hakmana, Kandy

Hakmana is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Perfecta

Perfecta may refer to:
* Perfecta (album), a 1995 album by Adam Again
* Perfecta (gambling), a type of bet in parimutuel betting
* Perfecta, an album by Banda Los Recoditos
* "Perfecta" (song), by Miranda! and Julieta Venegas
* "Perfecta", a song by Jesse & Joy from the album ¿Con Quién Se Queda el Perro?
* La Perfecta, a band from Martinique
# Perham Village Hall and Fire Station

Perham Village Hall and Fire Station, also known as the Perham Area Chamber of Commerce, is a historic building located in Perham, Minnesota, United States. Completed in 1906, the two-story brick structure replaced the old village hall that was in need of repair. A bond issue was passed by voters to construct a new building designed by Minneapolis architect Fremont D. Orff. Local contactor Alex Nelson was responsible for construction on the site of the old hall. The building features a rectangular plan, hip roof, and a corner bay with an open tower that rises above the roofline. It was designed as a multi-purpose facility. Council chambers, the fire station and jail were housed on the main floor, and a large hall used for various community functions was located on the second floor. City offices were moved to a different building in 1962, and the fire department moved to their own facility in 1977. The city retained ownership of the building and it continues to serve other city departments. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
# Hamdan ibn Hamdun

Hamdan ibn Hamdun ibn al-Harith al-Taghlibi (fl. 868–895) was a Taghlibi Arab chieftain in the Jazira, and the patriarch of the Hamdanid dynasty. Alongside other Arab chieftains of the area, he resisted the attempts at re-imposition of Abbasid control over the Jazira in the 880s, and joined the Kharijite Rebellion. He was finally defeated and captured by Caliph al-Mu'tadid in 895, but was later released as a reward for the distinguished services of his son Husayn to the Caliph.

## Life

His family belonged to the Banu Taghlib tribe, established in the Jazira since before the Muslim conquests. The tribe was particularly strong in the region of Mosul, and came to dominate the area during the decade-long Anarchy at Samarra (861–870), when the Taghlibi leaders took advantage of the collapse of the authority of the central Abbasid government to assert their autonomy. Hamdan himself appears for the first time in 868, fighting alongside other Taghlibis against the Kharijite Rebellion in the Jazira.
In 879, however, the Abbasid government, in an effort to restore its control, replaced the succession of Tahglibi chieftains as governors of Mosul by a Turkish commander, Ishaq ibn Kundajiq. This prompted the defection of the Taghlib chiefs, including Hamdan ibn Hamdun, to the Kharijite rebels. Hamdan became a prominent leader in the rebellion; thus he is mentioned—with the Kharijite sobriquet of "al-Shari"—among the Kharijite and Arab tribal leaders in the great victory won by Ibn Kundajiq in April/May 881, when the rebel army was routed and pursued to Nisibis and Amid.
In 892, a new Caliph, al-Mu'tadid, took the throne, determined to restore Abbasid control over the Jazira. In a series of campaigns, he achieved the submission of most local potentates, but Hamdan offered tenacious opposition. Holding the fortresses of Maridin and Ardamusht (near modern Cizre), and allied with the Kurdish tribes of the mountains north of the Jaziran plain, he held out until 895. In that year, the Caliph took first Mardin and then Ardamusht, which was yielded by Hamdan's son Husayn. Hamdan fled before the caliphal army, but after an "epic chase" (H. Kennedy), finally gave up and surrendered himself at Mosul and was thrown in prison.
As H. Kennedy comments, "this surrender might have seemed the end of the family fortunes as it was for other local leaders in the area", but Hamdan's son Husayn managed to preserve the family's fortunes. Husayn entered the Caliph's service and was instrumental in ending the Kharijite Rebellion and capturing its leader, Harun al-Shari. He was rewarded by the grateful Mu'tadid with a pardon for his father and the right to raise and command his own corps of Taghlibi horse, which he led on several expeditions over the next few years, becoming one of the Caliphate's most prominent commanders. His influence enabled him to become, in Kennedy's description, the "intermediary between government and the Arabs and Kurds of the Jazira", thereby cementing the family's dominance in the area and laying the foundation for the rise of the Hamdanid dynasty to power under his two grandsons, Nasir al-Dawla and Sayf al-Dawla.
# Performance anxiety (disambiguation)

Performance anxiety, or stage fright, is an anxiety or phobia aroused in a person when required to perform in front of an audience.
Performance anxiety may also refer to:
* Performance Anxiety (film), a 2008 film by Paul Dangerfield
* Performance Anxieties, a published work by Dr. Ann Pellegrini
* Sexual performance anxiety, a type of sexual dysfunction
# Periploca repanda

Periploca repanda is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Ronald W. Hodges in 1978. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Texas, Arizona and California.
The wingspan is about 13 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing in September.
# Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy

Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy was a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal that covered research in the field of angiology. Its editor-in-chief was Peter Gloviczki (Mayo Medical School). It was established in 1988 and was published by SAGE Publications until December 2013.

## Abstracting and indexing

Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy is abstracted and indexed in CINAHL and MEDLINE.
# Peter Corbett

Peter Corbett may refer to:
* Peter Corbett (cricketer)
* Peter Edgar Corbett, art historian
* Peter Corbett (Big Brother)
* Peter Corbett (actor) in Always Greener
# Pertusariaceae

The Pertusariaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Pertusariales.

## Taxonomy

The family was formally circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1846. It contained the genera Pertusaria and Ochrolechia until Pertusaria was shown to be polyphyletic in a 2006 publication. The family Ochrolechiaceae was created to contain Ochrolechia.
In 2012, a proposal by Alexander Doweld sought to conserve the family name Pertusariaceae against Variolariaceae, citing the illegitimacy of Variolariaceae due to its association with the invalid generic name Variolaria Pers. Despite this, the proposal was deemed unnecessary by a vote as the taxonomy of the family, which includes genera like Pertusaria and Variolaria, remains unsettled, and Variolariaceae was found to be an illegitimate name. Consequently, Pertusariaceae remains the valid and preferred family name.

## Genera

As of October 2021, Species Fungorum includes 6 genera and 379 species in the Pertusariaceae.
* Lepra Scop. (1777) – 81 spp.
* Loxosporopsis Henssen (1995) – 1 sp.
* Pertusaria DC. (1805) – ca. 300 spp.
* Phyllophiale R.Sant. (1952) – 1 sp.
* Thamnochrolechia Aptroot & Sipman (1991) – 1 sp.
* Verseghya S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur (2016) – 2 spp.
# Haller index

The Haller index, created in 1987 by J. Alex Haller, S. S. Kramer, and S. A. Lietman, is a mathematical relationship that exists in a human chest section observed with a CT scan. It is defined as the ratio of the transverse diameter (the horizontal distance of the inside of the ribcage) and the anteroposterior diameter (the shortest distance between the vertebrae and sternum).
    $\ HI={\frac {\text{distance 1}}{\text{distance 2}}}$
where:
    HI is the Haller Index
    distance 1 is the distance of the inside ribcage (at the level of maximum deformity or at the lower third of the sternum)
    distance 2 is the distance between the sternal notch and vertebrae.
More recent studies show that simple chest x-rays are just as effective as CT scans for calculating the Haller index and recommend replacing CT scans with CXR to reduce radiation exposure in all but gross deformities.
A normal Haller index should be about 2.5. Chest wall deformities such as pectus excavatum can cause the sternum to invert, thus increasing the index. In severe asymmetric cases, where the sternum dips below the level of the vertebra, the index can be a negative value.
# Peter Lewis (priest)

Peter Lewis was a sixteenth century priest in Ireland.
Lewis was Dean of Lismore from 1559 to 1564 and Precentor of Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin from 1561 to 1572.
# HMS Largo Bay (K423)

HMS Largo Bay was a Bay-class anti-aircraft frigate of the British Royal Navy, named for Largo Bay in Fife.
The ship was originally ordered from William Pickersgill & Sons Ltd. of Southwick, Sunderland on 25 January 1943 as the Loch-class frigate Loch Foin, and laid down on 8 February 1944. However, the contract was then changed, and the ship was completed to a revised design as a Bay-class anti-aircraft frigate, launched on 3 October 1944, and commissioned on 26 January 1946.

## Service history

After sea trials, Largo Bay sailed for the Mediterranean, joining the Escort Flotilla at Malta on 23 February 1946. She was first deployed in the eastern Mediterranean for the interception of merchant ships carrying illegal Jewish immigrants to Palestine. In March she returned to Malta for Flotilla duties. In August 1946 she returned to the UK to decommission and was placed into Plymouth Reserve Fleet. In 1953 she took part in the Fleet Review to celebrate the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.
Largo Bay was placed on the Disposal List in 1958 and sold to the British Iron & Steel Corporation (BISCO) for demolition by Thos. W. Ward at Inverkeithing. She was towed to the breaker's yard, arriving on 11 July 1959.
# Peter L. Hagelstein

Peter L. Hagelstein is an associate professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), affiliated with the Research Laboratory of Electronics (RLE).
Hagelstein received a B.S. and M.S. in 1976 and Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1981, from MIT.
Hagelstein began his career at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, working on high-energy laser and plasma physics from 1981 to 1985. While working in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, he pioneered the work that later produced the first X-ray laser, which would later become important for the US Strategic Defense Initiative, popularly referred to as the "Star Wars" program. His work on X-ray lasers was honored with the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award in 1984. Following this time, he took up an academic appointment at MIT in 1986.
In 1989, he started investigating cold fusion (also called low-energy nuclear reactions) with the hope of making a breakthrough similar to the X-ray laser. In the period between 1989 and 2004, the field became discredited in the eyes of many scientists. Hagelstein continued his research activity in the field, chairing the Tenth International Conference on Cold Fusion in 2003. On November 14, 2017, he gave a 90 minute presentation reviewing relevant experiments and describing possible mechanisms.
Following the cold fusion episode, his primary research has shifted to solid-state physics, including the development of new thermoelectric materials. In addition, he is active in education, writing a textbook on quantum and statistical mechanics.
# Peter Moore (town crier)

Peter Moore (29 August 1939 – 20 December 2009) was a British town crier. He worked for the London Tourist Board, the Mayor of London, the cities of London and Westminster.

## Life

Moore was born in Walsall, Staffordshire (now West Midlands), England, to a "father unknown". He was raised in a nearby Barnardo's Home. He left Walsall for London, and became an actor. He was cast in the original 1960 stage production of Lionel Bart's Oliver!, as the undertaker Mr. Sowerberry. Later, impresario Bernard Delfont swore him in as a town crier in the Piccadilly Circus. He was called on by Ken Livingstone, Leader of the Greater London Council, to promote parades in the South Bank.
Peter spent 31 years as the official Town Crier of London, and was also the town crier to the mayor of London, the Greater London Authority, the city of Westminster and the London borough of Merton. Moore announced the 1982 birth of Prince William of Wales outside the gates of Buckingham Palace.
Moore was a well-known figure in London, often seen at various locations such as Covent Garden, Trafalgar Square, The Tower of London, Parliament Square, or Piccadilly Circus. Peter had a deep love and fondness of London, often shown when quoting Dr Samuel Johnson, "When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for in London there is all that life can afford."

### Stolen bell

In December 2001, while assisting tourists with directions to 10 Downing Street, Moore's bell was stolen when he put it on the ground. The bell was replaced with one from the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, makers also of the American Liberty Bell.

## Death

Moore died of a heart attack on 20 December 2009, at his home in Wandsworth, South London, aged 70. "He had been told that his heart was very weak but he never gave up doing his town crying," his former partner Maxine Howard said. "Peter was a trooper, a workaholic. He was a people person. He just adored London." On 18 January 2010, friends, family, and colleagues celebrated Moore at St. George's Cathedral in Southwark, Central London. At the requiem, held the same day, fellow town criers and colleagues from across England paid tribute to him. Later, at the London New Year's Day Parade, his presence was replaced with a shouted "welcome", pre-recorded by him before his death. He is survived by his wife, Maxine Howard, and his son Jamie, who accepted a lifetime achievement award at the parade, in place of his father.