OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bispebjerg Bakke (building)

Bispebjerg Bakke is an apartment complex in the Bispebjerg district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was designed by leading Danish sculptor Bjørn Nørgaard.

## History

The idea of building Bispebjerg Bakke was conceived in 1997 by Klaus Bonde Larsen, chairman of the Copenhagen Association of Crafts, and Professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts and sculptor Bjørn Nørgaard. Both sat on the Committee for the Protection of Traditional Craftsmanship (Udvalget til sikring af traditionelle håndværk), which had been appointed by the Minister of Culture and the Minister of the Environment. The idea was to demonstrate that good buildings, in terms of design, craftsmanship and materials, can compete with today’s industrialized construction industry.
The small architectural practice Boldsen & Holm, with which Nørgaard had previously collaborated on the Copenhagen waterfront, was brought in as architects. The first models were executed in clay and Nørgaard has mentioned music as a source of inspiration for the design. Due to the unusual collaboration between artist and architect, the Realdania foundation decided to support the project.
The initial ambition to prove that it was possible to construct high quality buildings with traditional craftsmen instead of contracting firms and industrial building methods had to be moderated along the way. In the end. NCC was hired and concrete sections had to be introduced.
Construction started in August 2004 and the building was completed in 2006.

## Architecture

Bjørn Nørgaard was inspired by music when he made the first model of the complex which he moulded in clay. It consists of two buildings that wind like a serpent down the sloping site. The buildings are generally three to four storeys high, in places rising to eight storeys. The complex contains a total of 135 apartments.
In accord with the ethos of the project, it is generally executed in high quality materials. It is built with full-brick walls in a combination of red and yellow coal-burned bricks, a reference to the traditional apartment blocks in the Nørrebro working-class neighbourhood where red was used on the street and yellow on the courtyard side of the houses. The building has detailing in red and yellow glazed Chinese tiles on balconies and in the entrance halls leading to the staircases. Windows are made of wood and aluminium, roofs are capped with a combination of zinc or copper.

## Living at Bispebjerg Bakke

Bispebjerg Bakke contains only rental apartments. Although the apartments were originally envisioned as likely to attract "Grey Gold", i.e. well-off older tenants, a large percentage of the tenants are families with young children, some of whom have built walls and made other minor temporary adjustments to their open-plan apartments in order to make them suitable for family living. The complex also includes two purpose-built playgrounds.
# Savitskaya's House

Savitskaya's House is a building of historical significance in Pushkin, Saint Petersburg. It was built in the period of 1904–1905. Nowadays it is an object of cultural heritage. The building is located on 15 Moskovskaya Street.

## History

Before the construction of the current building on the site was a wooden two-story house Sinitsinoy in the style of classicism. Maria Alekseevna Savitskaya, who purchased the plot in 1903, ordered to demolish the old house and hold a competition for the erection of a new one, in the Art Nouveau style. The project was won by the civil engineers of the brothers AV and NV Vasiliev. The project implemented in reality differs from the competitive one in a number of details. Since 1945, the building housed a polyclinic (current number 66). In 1956, the building was seriously rebuilt: the towers that had existed earlier were removed from the side risalitami, the third floor was built on the right, an additional building was added to the right.

## Architecture

The historical part includes the first two floors of the building. The main entrance to the building is faced with granite and resembles a portal. Granite columns make up the fence of the front garden, the "ragged" granite is trimmed and the base of the building. In the decoration of the facade, plaster, white brick lining and red granite are used. You can see the initial small window panes. One of the gratings protecting the balconies was preserved during the reconstruction. There is also a historical interior decoration. It is abundantly used the motif of pine branches: stucco friezes in the form of garlands of branches, bunches of branches with cones on consoles supporting the ladder, cones and bundles of needles in the decoration of the staircase. The stairs of the main staircase are marble. Staircases, the walls of the lobby are tiled with green tiles.
# Bivector (complex)

In mathematics, a bivector is the vector part of a biquaternion. For biquaternion q = w + xi + yj + zk, w is called the biscalar and xi + yj + zk is its bivector part. The coordinates w, x, y, z are complex numbers with imaginary unit h:
    $x=x_{1}+\mathrm {h} x_{2},\ y=y_{1}+\mathrm {h} y_{2},\ z=z_{1}+\mathrm {h} z_{2},\quad \mathrm {h} ^{2}=-1=\mathrm {i} ^{2}=\mathrm {j} ^{2}=\mathrm {k} ^{2}.$
A bivector may be written as the sum of real and imaginary parts:
    $(x_{1}\mathrm {i} +y_{1}\mathrm {j} +z_{1}\mathrm {k} )+\mathrm {h} (x_{2}\mathrm {i} +y_{2}\mathrm {j} +z_{2}\mathrm {k} )$
where $r_{1}=x_{1}\mathrm {i} +y_{1}\mathrm {j} +z_{1}\mathrm {k}$ and $r_{2}=x_{2}\mathrm {i} +y_{2}\mathrm {j} +z_{2}\mathrm {k}$ are vectors. Thus the bivector $q=x\mathrm {i} +y\mathrm {j} +z\mathrm {k} =r_{1}+\mathrm {h} r_{2}.$
The Lie algebra of the Lorentz group is expressed by bivectors. In particular, if r$_1$ and r$_2$ are right versors so that $r_{1}^{2}=-1=r_{2}^{2}$, then the biquaternion curve {exp θr$_1$ : θ ∈ R} traces over and over the unit circle in the plane {x + yr$_1$ : x, y ∈ R}. Such a circle corresponds to the space rotation parameters of the Lorentz group.
Now (hr$_2$)$^2$ = (−1)(−1) = +1, and the biquaternion curve {exp θ(hr$_2$) : θ ∈ R} is a unit hyperbola in the plane {x + yr$_2$ : x, y ∈ R}. The spacetime transformations in the Lorentz group that lead to FitzGerald contractions and time dilation depend on a hyperbolic angle parameter. In the words of Ronald Shaw, "Bivectors are logarithms of Lorentz transformations."
The commutator product of this Lie algebra is just twice the cross product on R$^3$, for instance, [i,j] = ij − ji = 2k, which is twice i × j. As Shaw wrote in 1970:
    Now it is well known that the Lie algebra of the homogeneous Lorentz group can be considered to be that of bivectors under commutation. [...] The Lie algebra of bivectors is essentially that of complex 3-vectors, with the Lie product being defined to be the familiar cross product in (complex) 3-dimensional space.
William Rowan Hamilton coined both the terms vector and bivector. The first term was named with quaternions, and the second about a decade later, as in Lectures on Quaternions (1853).$^{:665}$ The popular text Vector Analysis (1901) used the term.$^{:249}$
Given a bivector r = r$_1$ + hr$_2$, the ellipse for which r$_1$ and r$_2$ are a pair of conjugate semi-diameters is called the directional ellipse of the bivector r.$^{:436}$
In the standard linear representation of biquaternions as 2 × 2 complex matrices acting on the complex plane with basis {1, h},
    ${\begin{pmatrix}hv&w+hx\\-w+hx&-hv\end{pmatrix}}$ represents bivector q = vi + wj + xk.
The conjugate transpose of this matrix corresponds to −q, so the representation of bivector q is a skew-Hermitian matrix.
Ludwik Silberstein studied a complexified electromagnetic field E + hB, where there are three components, each a complex number, known as the Riemann–Silberstein vector.
"Bivectors [...] help describe elliptically polarized homogeneous and inhomogeneous plane waves – one vector for direction of propagation, one for amplitude."
# Bivens Arm

Bivens Arm is a body of water in Gainesville, Florida. Located west of U.S. Route 441 and south of Archer Road, it is a part of Paynes Prairie. Bivens Arm is a small shallow lake covering approximately 189 acres (76 ha) in southwest Gainesville. Bivens Arm is a unique environment, which supports a wide diversity of plant and animal life in an urban setting. Tumblin Creek, which is fed by small springs and seeps, drains into Bivens Arm and is the primary source of drainage into the lake. Bivens Arm overflows onto Paynes Prairie and eventually discharges to the aquifer via Alachua Sink.

## History

The early history of Bivens Arm is not well documented given that it is a relatively small body of water. The earliest known use of the land around the lake was as hunting grounds by Native Americans. Beginning in the late 1800s, the land was used mostly for agricultural purposes including cattle ranching, swine farms, vegetable farms, and orange groves. In the 1930s, Bivens Arm was designated as a bird sanctuary and rookery and even had a resident ranger to care for the sanctuary. In 1965, the state of Florida designated the lake area as a wildlife sanctuary (Bill No. 1356 Chap. 65 1005). In 1981, the City of Gainesville purchased the land between the lake and Williston Road (SR 331) to form the Bivens Arm Nature Park. This park features a lush Live Oak Hammock habitat and marshlands, which periodically become inundated with rising water levels from the lake.
* This article about a location in Alachua County, Florida is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Scelimeninae

Scelimeninae is a subfamily of Asian ground hoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera).

## Tribes and genera

The Orthoptera Species File lists two tribes:

### Discotettigini

Authority: Hancock, 1907
* Austrohancockia Günther, 1938
* Bidentatettix Zheng, 1992
* Disconius Skejo, Pushkar & Tumbrinck, 2022 - monotypic: Borneo
* Discotettix Costa, 1864
* Eufalconius Günther, 1938
* Gavialidium Saussure, 1862
* Gibbotettix Zheng, 1992
* Kraengia Bolívar, 1909 - monotypic Kraengia apicalis Bolívar, 1909
* Paragavialidium Zheng, 1994
* Tegotettix Hancock, 1913

### Scelimenini

Auth. Hancock, 1907
* Amphibotettix Hancock, 1906
* Euscelimena Günther, 1938
* Falconius Bolívar, 1898
* Indoscelimena Günther, 1938
* Paramphibotettix Günther, 1938
* Platygavialidium Günther, 1938
* Scelimena Serville, 1838
* Tagaloscelimena Günther, 1938
* Tefrinda Bolívar, 1906

### tribe unassigned

* Arulenus Stål, 1877
* Dengonius Adžić, Deranja, Franjević & Skejo, 2020
* Hebarditettix Günther, 1938
* Hirrius Bolívar, 1887
* Zhengitettix Liang, 1994
# Sceliphrinae

Sceliphrinae is a subfamily of thread-waisted wasps in the family Sphecidae. There are about 6 genera and at least 140 described species in Sceliphrinae.

## Genera

These six genera belong to the subfamily Sceliphrinae:
* Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843$^{icgb}$ (blue mud wasps)
* Dynatus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845$^{icg}$
* Penepodium Menke in R. Bohart and Menke, 1976$^{icg}$
* Podium Fabricius, 1804$^{icgb}$
* Sceliphron Klug, 1801$^{icgb}$
* Trigonopsis Perty, 1833$^{icg}$
* †Hoplisidia Cockerell, 1906
* †Protosceliphron Antropov, 2014
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Bjarni Bjarnason (1761–1805)

Bjarni Bjarnason (1761-1805), was one of the most well known murderers in the history of Iceland alongside Steinunn Sveinsdóttir.
In 1802, Bjarni Bjarnason and Steinunn Sveinsdóttir mutually murdered their respective spouses in Sjöundá in Iceland. The case became famous as the Morðin á Sjöundá (The Sjöundá Murders). They were both arrested, subjected to torture and sentenced to death. However, it was no longer legal to perform executions on Iceland at that time, so they were to be brought to Norway for their execution. Steinunn died in prison before she could be taken to Norway, but Bjarni was shipped to Norway, where he was executed in 1805.
The case has been the subject of two plays and a novel by Gunnar Gunnarsson, Svartfugl (1938).
# Joseph Warren Holmes

Captain Joseph Warren Holmes (April 1, 1824 – December 12, 1912) was an American sea captain noted for sailing around Cape Horn 84 times and Cape of Good Hope 14 times without a shipwreck or loss of a crewman. He had a 63-year career at sea, including 55 commanding clipper ships and others. He was the captain of more voyages around Cape Horn than anyone else.

## Early life

Joseph Warren Holmes was born on April 1, 1824, in Mystic, Connecticut Joseph Warren Holmes's father was Jeremiah Holmes. Jeremiah Holmes was a part of the War of 1812 and at the time was well respected in Mystic, Connecticut.

## Ships under Holmes' command

Captain Holmes sailed as master on various ships in the course of his career, including four ships built in Mystic, Connecticut: the bark Frances, clipper Seminole, and ships Elisabeth F. Willets and Haze.

## Descendants

Joseph Warren Holmes married twice and had one son from his first marriage, Edwin Warren Holmes. His son married Mary O. Kennedy (of California) and he died in San Francisco in 1883. He did have a grandson, also named Edwin Warren Holmes that was born around 1882. There are no other known descendants.
# Schoenus limosus

Schoenus limosus is a species of sedge endemic to the KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. It is predominantly a species of wet grasslands, which explains its common name (Muddy Veldrush).

## Description

Schoenus limosus is relatively tall compared to other closely related sedges. The bases of its flowering stems (i.e. culms) are often dark-red to black in colour. The spikelets of S. limosus are usually lanceolate in shape, greater than 4.0 mm in length and medium brown in colour. Furthermore, the spikelets of this species are aristate in shape, with the glumes and mucros (i.e. awns) usually over half the length of the spikelet.
Other closely related species in the Schoenus cuspidatus and allies group usually have culm bases that are lighter in colour compared to those of S. limosus.
Schoenus auritus is a species that shares some key characters with S. limosus, such as lanceolate spikelets over 4.0 mm long that are aristate in form. Whereas the leaf sheaths and ligules of S. limosus are firm, those of S. auritus are membranaceous. In addition, the proximal primary inflorescence bracts are often widened at the base in S. auritus, whereas in S. limosus this character is not evident.
Similar to other sedges, plants in this group are very difficult to identify. It appears that part of this problem is caused by the tendency of the southern African Schoenus to form hybrids with each other. Schoenus limosus does not appear to be of hybrid origin.
* Flowering heads
* Spikelet (black scale bar represents 1 mm)
* Nutlet

## Taxonomy

Schoenus limosus is a species in family Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae. Other notable genera in tribe Schoeneae include Lepidosperma, Oreobolus, Costularia, Tetraria and Gahnia. The most closely related species to S. limosus are other southern African Schoenus species, specifically, species in the S. cuspidatus and allies group that are endemic to the Eastern Cape and Kwa-Zulu Natal Provinces of South Africa.
Southern African Schoenus were once classified as Tetraria; however, based on molecular and morphological differences, we now know that the two groups are evolutionary distinct. To ensure that this group of sedges is monophyletic (i.e. the genus only has closely related species), several species of Epischoenus and the southern African Tetraria were transferred into Schoenus. In the field, the southern African Schoenus can be distinguished from Tetraria species by their lack of stem leaves and the absence of reticulate sheaths at the bases of the flowering stems.

## Distribution and habitat

The distribution of S. limosus has a distribution that ranges from the KwaZulu-Natal Province in the north-east to the Amathole Mountains region of the Eastern Cape Province in the south-west. It is a species that mostly grows in muddy grassland sites, but collections have also been made from sandier, drier sites. The elevational range of S. limosus is from near sea level to about 1500 meters.

## Images

* Habitat of S. limosus
* Flowering heads
* Culm bases of S. limosus
# Phostria phryganurus

Phostria phryganurus is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Cajetan Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875. It is found in Amazonas, Brazil.
# KCFS

KCFS or kcfs may refer to:
* KCFS-LP, a low-power radio station (98.1 FM) licensed to serve El Dorado Hills, California, United States
* KGWD, a radio station (94.5 FM) licensed to serve Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, which held the call sign KCFS from 1985 to 2015
* One thousand cfs (cubic feet per second), a unit of fluid flow rate
# Ibn Sahl of Seville

Ibn Sahl (Arabic: أبو إسحاق إبرهيم بن سهل الإسرائيلي الإشبيلي Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Ibn Sahl al-Isra'ili al-Ishbili) of Seville (1212–1251) is considered one of the greatest Andalusi poets of the 13th century. He was a Jewish convert to Islam.
The diwan of Ibn Sahl contains the most refined examples of Andalusian poetry, almost exclusively love poetry and muwashsahat. Mostly known for his love poetry in muwashshah form, Ibn Sahl two young male lover addressees, Mûsâ ibn ʿAbd al-Ṣamad and Muḥammad, are thought by some to represent the two religions that played important roles in his life, his original Judaism and the Islam to which he converted. Others hold that the youths were historical individuals.
The Moroccan author Mohammed al-Ifrani (1670–1747) wrote a biography of Ibn Sahl.
# University of Petroșani

University of Petroșani is a university located in Petroșani, Hunedoara County, Romania. This university was established in 1948. The college offers both undergraduate and post-graduate courses.
# Ursula Weber

Ursula Weber (born 26 September 1960) is an Austrian athlete. She competed in the women's discus throw at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Laval Decree

The Laval Decree was a law controlling content of motion pictures filmed in French African colonies. It was used to prevent African filmmakers from filming in Africa.

## History

In 1934, the French government passed the Laval Decree to prevent cinema from spreading subversive or anti-colonial messages. It was written by Pierre Laval, who later became the Vichy France minister of colonies. The decree stated that "any person who desire to make cinematographic images or sound recordings must address a written request to the lieutenant Governor of the colony where the applicant intends to operate".
The request included all the information about the applicant's professional references, scripts for film or musical accompaniment (for slides). The Decree restricted the work of both African and European filmmakers, from 1934 until it was overturned in 1960.
The decree required the French government's permission to shoot and show films in French colonies and banned colonized people from filming themselves. In 1960 when colonies became independent the decree ended.
# Lee Ann Bennett

Lee Ann T. Bennett is a retired United States Air Force major general who last served as the mobilization assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Cyber Effects Operations of the United States Air Force from October 2019 to March 2023. Previously, she was the mobilization assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance.
# Rujnica

Rujnica is a village in the municipality of Zavidovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 1,248.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 1,237 | 99.1% |
| other/undeclared | 11 | 0.9% |
| Total | 1,248 | 100% |
# Le Chasseur maudit (Franck)

Le Chasseur maudit (The Accursed Huntsman) is a symphonic poem by César Franck. The sections of the work are:
* The Peaceful Sunday Landscape
* The Hunt
* The Curse
* The Demons' Chase
The piece is scored for piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets in B-flat, 4 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets in F, 2 cornets in B-flat, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, tubular bells, cymbals, triangle, bass drum, and strings.
It was inspired by the ballad Der wilde Jäger (The Wild Hunter) by the German poet Gottfried August Bürger. It tells the story of a Count of the Rhine who dares to go hunting on a Sunday morning, in violation of the Sabbath. As the piece begins, the count defiantly sounds his hunting horn, despite the warnings of the church bells and sacred chants which call the faithful to worship. Deep in the woods, the count is cursed by a terrible voice which condemns him to be pursued by demons for eternity.
The Kennedy Center describes the story this way:
   On a Sunday morning, as church bells summon the faithful to worship and sacred chants fill the air, the Count sets off on a hunt. Pious elders plead with him to call off his expedition, but he responds contemptuously and rides roughshod through the village farms, trampling crops and applying the whip to the peasants in his way. Eventually he finds himself lost in the woods, where a stern voice from unseen heights pronounces his sentence: "Accursed hunter, be thou eternally pursued by Hell!" The Count tries to flee, but flames surround him and his horse. Imps and demons pursue him, now goading him on, now blocking his path; through daylight and darkness the wild ride continues. Even when horse and rider fall into an abyss there is no respite; they are borne through the air to ride on and on in unremitting punishment for blaspheming the Lord's Day.
Franck's orchestration evokes the dark, fantastic atmosphere of the infernal chase. The conclusion of the piece recalls the macabre Songe d'une nuit de sabbat of Hector Berlioz's Symphonie Fantastique (1830).
Franck completed Le Chasseur maudit on 31 October 1882, and had the work premiered on 31 March 1883, at the Salle Érard, in a concert of the Société Nationale de Musique conducted by Édouard Colonne. The same concert also presented the premiere of the symphonic poem Viviane by Franck's pupil, Ernest Chausson.
Among the recordings of the piece, the 1962 RCA Victor recording by Charles Munch and the Boston Symphony Orchestra has long been available, first on LP and then on CD. It was recorded in Münch's last season as music director in Boston and features the orchestra's custom-made chimes in the finale.
# Rule of least power

In programming, the rule of least power is a design principle that "suggests choosing the least powerful [computer] language suitable for a given purpose". Stated alternatively, given a choice among computer languages, classes of which range from descriptive (or declarative) to procedural, the less procedural, more descriptive the language one chooses, the more one can do with the data stored in that language.
This rule is an application of the principle of least privilege to protocol design. The Rule of Least Power is an example in context of the centuries older principle known as Occam's razor in philosophy. In particular, arguments for and against the Rule of Least Power are subject to the same analysis as for Occam's razor.

## Rationale

Originally proposed as an axiom of good design, the term is an extension of the KISS principle applied to choosing among a range of languages ranging from
* the plainly descriptive ones (such as the content of most databases, or progressive enhancement on the web),
* logical languages of limited propositional logic (such as access control lists),
* declarative languages on the verge of being Turing-complete,
* those that are in fact Turing-complete though one is led not to use them that way (XSLT, SQL),
* those that are functional and Turing-complete general-purpose programming languages, to
* those that are "unashamedly imperative".
As explained by Tim Berners-Lee: