OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Slack voice

Slack voice (or lax voice) is the pronunciation of consonant or vowels with a glottal opening slightly wider than that occurring in modal voice. Such sounds are often referred to informally as lenis or half-voiced in the case of consonants. In some Chinese varieties, such as Wu, and in a few Austronesian languages, the 'intermediate' phonation of slack stops confuses listeners of languages without these distinctions, so that different transcription systems may use ⟨p⟩ or ⟨b⟩ for the same consonant. In Xhosa, slack-voiced consonants have usually been transcribed as breathy voice. Although the IPA has no dedicated diacritic for slack voice, the voiceless diacritic (the under-ring) may be used with a voiced consonant letter, though this convention is also used for partially voiced consonants in languages such as English.
Wu Chinese "muddy" consonants are slack voice word-initially, the primary effect of which is a slightly breathy quality of the following vowel.
| | Bilabial | Bilabial | Bilabial | Alveolar | Alveolar | Alveolar | Velar | Velar | Velar |
| | IPA | Wu | gloss | IPA | Wu | gloss | IPA | Wu | gloss |
| slack voice | [b̥ʌ̀ʔ] | 白 | 'white' | [d̥ǐ] | 地 | 'earth' | [ɡ̊ə̀ʔ] | 個 | (possessive particle) |
| tenuis | [pʌ́ʔ] | 百 | 'hundred' | [tíʔ] | 的 | (a grammatical particle) | [kóʔ] | 角 | 'corner' |
| aspirated | [pʰʌ́ʔ] | 拍 | 'to strike' | [tʰî] | 天 | 'sky' | [kʰʌ́ʔ] | 客 | 'guest' |
Javanese contrasts slack and stiff voiced bilabial, dental, retroflex, and velar stops.
| | Bilabial | Bilabial | Dental Stop | Dental Stop | Dental Affricate | Dental Affricate | Retroflex | Retroflex | Velar | Velar |
| phonation | IPA | gloss | IPA | gloss | IPA | gloss | IPA | gloss | IPA | gloss |
| stiff voice | [paku] | 'nail' | [tamu] | 'guest' | [tsariʔ] | 'sheet (of paper)' | [ʈiʈiʔ] | 'little' | [kali] | 'river' |
| slack voice | [b̥aku] | 'standard' | [d̥amu] | 'blow' | [d̥z̥arit] | (type of women's clothing) | [ɖ̥isiʔ] | 'first' | [ɡ̊ali] | 'dig' |
Parauk contrasts slack voicing in its vowels. The contrast is between "slightly stiff" and "slightly breathy" vowels; the first are between modal and stiff voice, while the latter are captured by slack voice.
# Prosopocera angolensis

Prosopocera angolensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Quedenfeldt in 1885. It has a wide distribution throughout Africa.
# Snake Tide

Snake Tide is the debut EP by You Am I, released in May 1991. It is the last You Am I recording to feature original bassist Nik Tischler.

## Background

After signing with Sydney-based independent label Timberyard Records in 1990, You Am I recorded the tracks for their first EP during February 1991 with Phil Punch at Electric Avenue Studios. Guitarist and vocalist Tim Rogers was emerging as the group's primary songwriter, though he is now somewhat dismissive of his early output: "I knew I wasn't a good songwriter. It was all dynamics: soft bit, heavy bit, soft bit, heavy bit."
Snake Tide was released in May 1991, with the official launch held at the Lansdowne Hotel on 3 June 1991.

## Track listing

All songs: Rogers/Tischler/Tunaley

## Release history

The original 12" vinyl EP was released in May 1991.
In May 1992, four of the tracks ("Drink It Dry", "New Face", "Conscience" and "Snake Tide") were issued on CD for the first time on You Am I's second EP, Goddamn (Timberyard SAW027CD). The same four tracks appear on the European release of Goddamn, which was titled, somewhat confusingly, Snake Tide (Survival sur522cd).
In 2006, all tracks from the original Snake Tide EP appeared on the re-issue of Goddamn (Timberyard SAW522CD). This marked the first appearance on CD of the tracks "Inspiral" and "Home", although they have been taken from a vinyl source rather than the original master tape.

## Alternative versions

An alternative version of "Snake Tide" appears on the 7" vinyl EP Self Mutilation Volume One (Hippy Knight creep004), later re-issued on CD as Self Mutilation: one, two, three, and more (Hippy Knight CREEP 015). This recording pre-dates the version released on the Snake Tide EP.

## Personnel
### You Am I

* Tim Rogers - vocals, guitar
* Mark Tunaley - drums
* Nik Tischler - bass

### Production

* Phil Punch - engineer
* Ski - photography
* Tracey Tunaley - artwork and layout
# Sawley map

The Sawley map, formerly known as the 'Henry of Mainz' map, is the earliest surviving mappa mundi (world map) made in England. It was made between about 1180 and the early 13th century. The map is the frontispiece of a copy of the Imago mundi of Honorius of Autun. It is oriented with east (and the Garden of Eden) at the top and the island of Delos at the centre.
The map takes up the second page (folio 1$^v$) of manuscript 66 at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. The first folio is of thicker vellum than the rest of the manuscript. The manuscript was probably copied at Durham Priory before being given to Sawley Abbey (now in Lancashire) in the early 13th century. The map is oval in shape, with winged figures (angels, not winds) decorating the four corners of the rectangular page. It measures about 30 by 20 centimetres (11.8 in × 7.9 in). Across the top of the page is a faint ex libris in Latin: Liber s[an]c[t]e Marie de Salleia, 'book of Saint Mary's of Sawley'.
The map depicts three continents—Asia, Africa and Europe—surrounded by a world ocean. It is in colour, with green representing the ocean and purple the rivers. Mountains are depicted as series of red lobes. Places are marked by circles, square and pictographic symbols, such as towers or, in the case of Jerusalem, a temple. Delos, at the centre, was noted for its pagan temples. It is depicted as a circle surrounded by smaller circles (the Cyclades). Orkney is depicted in the same way.
The Sawley map is usually grouped with other encyclopaedic mappae mundi of the same period, such as the Hereford map and the Ebstorf map (the latter destroyed by bombing in the Second World War). It contains much fanciful material and many pieces of information derived from the Bible and the classics. It may belong to a northern French tradition, if it was copied from the mappa mundi which Bishop Hugh of Le Puiset bequeathed to Durham Priory in 1195.
The misattribution of the map to Henry of Mainz, possibly the future Archbishop Henry I, stems from a misreading of the prologue, which states that this version of the Imago mundi was edited by Henry in 1110. It does not mention the map, which is not an integral part of the Imago but was created decades later. Whether or not the Cambridge MS. 66 version of the text was even edited by any Henry of Mainz has been challenged. No other manuscript of the Imago contains a copy of the Sawley map or one like it. The only thing that can be said for certain of the connection between the Sawley map and the accompanying text is that they could be found bound together at Sawley shortly after 1200.
# Poacher's gun

The poacher's gun was, as its name suggests, an easily concealable firearm predominantly used by poachers in Northern England from the 18th until the early 20th century for bagging rabbits, squirrels, partridges, rooks, pigeons, and other small game animals. The contemporary cane gun had a similar look and function, but it was designed to resemble a walking stick, rather than for compactness and ease of concealment.

## 18th century

The first poachers' guns were built around a military surplus flintlock horse pistol. Muzzle loading guns of this type were both common and relatively affordable for a working-class man as these were frequently brought back by soldiers returning from the wars with the French, and either sold or exchanged for gin at one of the many pawn shops or taverns. The Industrial Revolution equipped workers with what had previously been considered advanced metalworking skills. With tools smuggled home from the workplace such as a tap and die and a few files, any resourceful man or boy could create his own concealable hunting weapon. The original poacher's gun had a threaded barrel extension and a detachable buttstock similar to a modern takedown gun. The three parts were concealed in the owner's coat until needed, so if he was seen by a gamekeeper or constable he would be less likely to be arrested for armed trespass. This was a serious crime during the 18th century that was usually punished with transportation to Australia.

## 19th century

During the Indian Wars of the mid 19th century, the American army issued a horse pistol to the cavalry with a detachable buttstock. By attaching the stock, the Springfield Model 1855 pistol could be converted into a carbine with superior range and accuracy when skirmishing on foot.
As technology improved during the Victorian era, more advanced types of poacher's gun were commercially produced for use with paper and brass cartridges. Rifled barrels also started to be developed. Poachers guns of this era included folding break action rook rifles or .410 shotguns with a barrel that was the same length as the buttstock. Guns of this type were used not only by poachers, but also by farmers for vermin control, and children learning to shoot.

## Modern use

The .22 Armalite AR-7 survival rifle issued to both the Israeli Defence Force pilots and American aircrew personnel is similar in function to the early poachers' guns. The receiver, magazine, and barrel can be dismounted and stored in the buttstock. A civilian version that can be attached to a backpack is popular among hikers, fishermen and survivalists in America.
# Sangaris octomaculata

Sangaris octomaculata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1902. It is known from Brazil.
# Isodesmosine

Isodesmosine is a lysine derivative found in elastin. Isodesmosine is an isomeric pyridinium-based amino acid resulting from the condensation of four lysine residues between elastin proteins by lysyl-oxidase. These represent ideal biomarkers for monitoring elastin turnover because these special cross-links are only found in mature elastin in mammals.
# Vrhovec

Vrhovec is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Blaž Vrhovec (born 1992), Slovenian footballer
* Janez Vrhovec (1921–1997), Serbian actor
* Josip Vrhovec (1926–2006), Croatian partisan and communist politician
# Hortacarus

Hortacarus is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.

## Species

* Hortacarus simplisetosus S. Mahunka, 1979
# WMOT Records

WMOT (We Men of Talent) Records, an independent recording company in Philadelphia, produced a series of singles and albums in the "Philadelphia sound" soul tradition (see Philadelphia soul). The company was founded by Alan Rubens and Steve Bernstein in 1973.
The biggest selling record produced by WMOT was "Double Dutch Bus" by Frankie Smith, which hit number one on the Billboard soul chart (#30, pop) in 1982 and sold more than 2 million copies. Other gold hits were recorded by Major Harris with "Love Won't Let Me Wait" (#1 R&B, #5 pop, 1975) and their first signing, Blue Magic, who had a string of R&B and pop hits in the mid-70s, including "Sideshow", (#1 R&B, #8 pop), in 1974. Other WMOT artists included Count Coolout, Barbara Mason, Captain Sky, Brandi Wells, David Simmons, Funk Fusion Band, Bliss, Impact (which featured former Temptations member Damon Harris), Heaven and Earth, Sweet Thunder, and Fat Larry's Band. The label also produced "It's Good To Be The King" by actor/comedian/director Mel Brooks in 1981.
From its beginning, Atlantic Records distributed WMOT's releases, mainly on its Atco subsidiary, but in 1978, Fantasy Records took over distribution as Fantasy / WMOT Records. In 1980, it began distributing independently. During that same period, the label was distributed in certain European markets such as France, Belgium and the Netherlands by French record company Vogue.
In 1981, the label and company was sold to Michael Goldberg, Allen Cohen, and Jeff and Mark Salvarian. Two years later, Larry Lavin bought a stake in WMOT and it was his activity in the company that led to lawsuits over money laundering that brought the company down in 1984. Its back catalog was sold to CBS (now Sony Music). Later in 1985, Steve Bernstein launched Omni Records in Philadelphia with an immediate success, Jean Carn's "Closer Than Close", which was a #1 R&B hit.
# Joseph Acklen

Joseph Acklen may refer to:
* Joseph H. Acklen (1850–1938), U. S. Representative from Louisiana
* Joseph Alexander Smith Acklen (1816–1863), his father, American lawyer, planter, and veteran of the Texas Revolution
# Bolivian brushfinch

The Bolivian brushfinch or rufous-naped brushfinch (Atlapetes rufinucha) is a species of bird in the family Passerellidae.
It is endemic to Bolivia and is found in humid Andean forests.
It sometimes includes the rufous-naped brushfinch, Vilcabamba brushfinch and grey-eared brushfinches as subspecies.
# Pleiotropy (drugs)

In pharmacology, pleiotropy includes all of a drug's actions other than those for which the agent was specifically developed. It may include adverse effects which are detrimental ones, but is often used to denote additional beneficial effects.
For example, statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that primarily act by decreasing cholesterol synthesis, but which are believed to have other beneficial effects, including acting as antioxidants and stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques. Steroid drugs, such as prednisone and prednisolone, have pleiotropic effects, including systemic ones, for the same reason that endogenous steroid hormones do: cells throughout the body have receptors that can respond to them, because the endogenous ones are endocrine messengers.
Another example is melatonin, which has a wide range of effects on biological systems on multiple scales, from modulating the circadian rhythm and inducing sleep via the activation of melatoninergic receptors, to recepto-independent antioxydative and anti-inflammatory effects over all organs down to cells.
# San Giovanni Battista, Marsciano

San Giovanni Battista is a Gothic Revival-style, Roman Catholic church in Marsciano, in the province of Perugia, Umbria, Italy.

## History

The present church in brick and stone replaced a 14th-century structure, utilizing some of the spolia. It has a large rose window and a unilateral campanile. The interiors contain a 13th-century painted crucifix, a 16th-century Madonna and Child and a painting depicting the Incredulity of St Thomas (1831) by Vincenzo Chialli.
# Zombie Fluxx

Zombie Fluxx is a 2007 card game published by Looney Labs.

## Gameplay

Zombie Fluxx is a version of Fluxx where the player has weapons and is able to kill things.

## Reception

The game was reviewed in the online second volume of Pyramid.
Zombie Fluxx won the 2007 Origins Award for Traditional Card Game of the Year.
# It's All Yours

It's All Yours is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Elliott Nugent and starring Madeleine Carroll, Francis Lederer and Mischa Auer. It was produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures. It has sometimes been counted as a screwball comedy.

## Cast

* Madeleine Carroll as Linda Gray
* Francis Lederer as Jimmy Barnes
* Mischa Auer as Baron Rene de Montigny
* Grace Bradley as Constance Marlowe
* Victor Kilian as City Clerk
* George McKay as License Clerk
* Charles Waldron as Alexander Duncan
* J.C. Nugent as E.J. Barnes
* Richard Carle as Judge Reynolds
* Arthur Hoyt as Dabney
# Zeuthener See

The Zeuthener See (German pronunciation) is a lake situated to the south-east of Berlin, the capital city of Germany, in the states of Berlin and Brandenburg. At an elevation of 34 metres (112 ft), its surface area is 2.33 square kilometres (0.90 sq mi).

## Overview

While the Brandenburg municipalities of Zeuthen and Eichwalde are situated on its western shore, the wooded eastern bank and the tiny Zeuthener Wall island belong to the Berlin borough of Treptow-Köpenick. The polymictic lake is traversed by the River Dahme.
The Dahme flows into the Zeuthener See at its southern end, where it meets the linked Grosser Zug and Krossinsee lakes. It flows out by the Berlin suburb of Schmöckwitz, where the Zeuthener See meets the Langer See and Seddinsee lakes. The Zeuthener See is navigable, and carries traffic from the Berlin area to the upstream reaches of the Dahme.
# Vyron

Vyron or Vyronas may refer to:
* The Greek name for George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron
* Vyronas, a suburb of Athens, Greece, named after Lord Byron
* Vyron (given name)
# Hoplestigma

Hoplestigma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae, although this is disputed, and it has been placed in its own family Hoplestigmataceae. Its two species are native to Cameroon, Gabon, Ivory Coast and Liberia in western tropical Africa.

## Taxonomy

The genus Hoplestigma was established by Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre in 1899. The genus name Hoplestigma is derived from the Greek hople, "a hoof or a cloven hoof" and stigma, "a flower stigma". The botanical name is a reference to the deeply bifid style.
The family placement of the genus has varied. It was traditionally included in Boraginaceae sensu lato, as it was in the APG IV system, and by Plants of the World Online as of February 2023. A study of pollen in 1989 suggested that Hoplestigma might be related to the family Ehretiaceae (= Boraginaceae subfamily Ehretioideae). In a 2014 molecular phylogenetic study based on chloroplast DNA, Hoplestigma formed a strongly supported clade with Coldenia and genera that have been placed in the family Cordiaceae (= Boraginaceae subfamily Cordioideae) and the authors recommended that Hoplestigma and Coldenia be included in Cordiaceae. In 2016, the Boraginales Working Group placed Hoplestigma in its own family Hoplestigmataceae.

### Species

As of February 2023, two species are recognized:
* Hoplestigma klaineanum Pierre
* Hoplestigma pierreanum Gilg
Both are rare trees of lowland jungle in West and Central Africa.
# Joseph Marsden

Joseph Thomas Marsden (11 October 1868 – 17 January 1897) was an English footballer who played for Darwen and Everton. He also earned one cap for the England national side in 1891.
# Julien Félix

Major Julien-Alexandre Félix (March 2, 1869 in Limoges - June 17, 1914 in Chartres) was the director of manoeuvres in the French Military Aviation School, École militaire de Pau. He set the altitude record on August 5, 1911 in Étampes in France by climbing to 11,330 feet in 63 minutes, breaking the record of Georges Legagneux.
Félix died while testing a 1912 Drzewiecki Canard monoplane built by Stefan Drzewiecki.
# Henry Francis Fynn

Henry Francis Fynn (29 March 1803 in Grosvenor Square, London, England – 20 September 1861 in Durban, Colony of Natal) was an English traveler and trader. He was among the first Europeans to make contact with King Shaka. Fynn, Coenraad De Buys, John Dunn and Nathaniel Isaacs were among the most famous of South Africa's so-called White Chiefs.

## Early life

Henry Francis Fynn was born in London in 1803. He was the first of five children of Henry and Elizabeth Fynn. His father worked for the East India Company, serving aboard an EIC ship sailing between London and Cape Town, until losing his post in 1806.
By 1807, his father and mother had sold their property in England and had moved to Cape Town. Fynn, however, stayed in London with his aunt, who in 1809 successfully petitioned for his admission to Christ's Hospital. In 1816, Fynn left Christ's and, despite a request from his father that he join his family in the Cape, worked for two years in England as a surgeon's apprentice.

## Life in South Africa

Fynn quit being a surgeon's apprentice in 1818 and decided to join his family in Cape Colony. After working several jobs, Fynn ventured to Grahamstown, where he eventually was hired as supercargo aboard Henry Nourse's trading vessel Jane. Late in 1823, Francis George Farewell agreed to include Fynn in a trading venture to the Bay of Natal using the sloop Julia.
By July 1824, Fynn was part of the trading post at Port Natal. During his time at Port Natal, Fynn amassed a group of his own followers, who became known as the iziNikumbi (locusts). He was noted for wearing a blanket and a crownless straw hat after his European clothing had worn out. By 1832, however, he was back in the Cape Colony. He did not return to Natal until 1852, where he worked as a resident magistrate.

## Personal life

During his time at Port Natal, Fynn took four African wives, with whom he had twelve children. His great wife was the Zulu princess Mavundlase. She is said to have succeeded to his chieftaincy upon his death. Fynn's son by a junior wife, also named Henry Francis Fynn, attended St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown in 1858 and 1859.
Several years after his return to the Cape, in 1841, he married a European woman, Christina Brown, with whom he had a son, Henry Francis Fynn Junior, in 1846.
Fynn died in Durban in September, 1861.

## In popular culture

He was played by Robert Powell in the 1986 television drama Shaka Zulu.
# San Giovanni Battista, Oria

San Giovanni Battista is a baroque-style, former Roman Catholic church located in the town of Oria, province of Brindisi, Apulia, Italy.

## History

A Romanesque-style church was erected at the site prior to the 14th century under the patronage of baronessa Filippa di Cosenza. In the 17th century, the Celestine order built a larger baroque church around this core. In the 19th century the Convent was torn down to erect the Elementary School dedicated to Edmondo De Amicis. The church is presently deconsecrated and used for cultural events.
# Zvezdan Martič

Zvezdan Martič (born 1963 in Celje, Yugoslavia) is a Slovenian journalist and engineer. In 2001 he inaugurated the establishment of the multimedia center at RTV Slovenija and was assigned the position of project leader since its inception until 2010. He was a member of the OLS (On line service group) at EBU (European Broadcasting Union), where he was also a member of the Benchmarking and Teletext groups. In addition, he is a College lecturer in multimedia. The last ten years he has been the host of two talk shows and scriptwriter and director of many documentaries and in last two years host and editor of daily news. In 2019, he became the Assistant Director of TV Slovenija. In July 2023, he was elected as the president of the management board of RTV Slovenia. He stepped down from the position in the end of May 2024.
# István Szentgyörgyi

István Szentgyörgyi (1881 - 1938) was a Hungarian sculptor. His work exemplified neo-classicism. Fourteen of his statues are in the possession of the Hungarian National Gallery and a copy of "Tip Catting" can be found in the Museum of Modern Art in Rome.

## Biography

His works include "Tip Catting" 1920, "Portrait of Ferenc Herczeg" (undated), "Lamp (sculpture)" 1923, "Áron Szilády" in Kiskunhalas 1927, "My Son with a Dog" 1927, "Memorial of the 32nd Regiment" 1933, and "Portrait of István Réti".
# Zeuthen (disambiguation)

Zeuthen may refer to:
* Zeuthen, a town in Brandenburg, Germany
* Else Zeuthen, Danish pacifist and politician
* Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen, Danish mathematician
* Zeuthen Strategy in Game theory (named for Frederik Zeuthen)
# Amoucha District

Amoucha District is a district of Sétif Province, Algeria.
The district is further divided into 3 municipalities:
* Amoucha
* Oued El Barad
* Tizi N'Bechar
* This article about a location in Sétif Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
36°23′17″N 5°24′39″E﻿ / ﻿36.3880°N 5.4108°E﻿ / 36.3880; 5.4108
# Kernodle

Kernodle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Don Kernodle (1950–2021), American professional wrestler
* Jeremy Kernodle (born 1976), American judge
* Tammy L. Kernodle, American musicologist