OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bermeo station

Bermeo is a railway station in Bermeo, Basque Country, Spain. It is owned by Euskal Trenbide Sarea and operated by Euskotren. It lies on the Urdaibai line.

## History

The station opened as the northern terminus of the Pedernales-Bermeo extension of the Amorebieta-Pedernales line on 16 August 1955. A spur track was added in 1960 to serve freight traffic from the harbor. It was removed later that decade due to lack of use. A new access to the harbor was built in 1996. It was in use until 1998, when increased passenger traffic put an end to freight trains running on the line.

## Services

The station is served by Euskotren Trena line E4. It runs every 30 minutes (in each direction) during weekdays, and every hour during weekends.
# Samora Machel Bridge

Samora Machel Bridge is a bridge in Mozambique across the Zambezi River. It is named after Samora Machel, the former President of Mozambique.
It links Tete, the capital of Tete Province, to Moatize. The bridge also connects the countries of Zimbabwe and Malawi.
# John Elliot (antiquary)

John Elliot (1725–1782) was an English lawyer and antiquary.

## Life

Elliot was born in 1725 in the parish of St. John-sub-Castro, Lewes, the son of Obadiah Elliot, proprietor of a brewery. After learning his rudiments at Lewes Grammar School he was articled to an attorney, and eventually secured a good practice. Despite business, and a Methodist wife, he kept up an antiquarian correspondence. He was in touch with William Burrell and John Watson. To Watson he passed information for his Memoirs of the Ancient Earls of Warren and Surrey.
Elliot was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries 7 December 1780. He died suddenly in Southampton Row, Bloomsbury, 28 February 1782, aged 57. He had asked "to be buried in the vault in St. Michael's churchyard in Lewes with my father and mother". By his wife, Margaret Cook of Berwick-upon-Tweed, who survived him, he left no issue.

## Legacy

Elliott bequeathed his manuscript collections on Lewes and Sussex to Burrell. They later went, with Burrell's manuscripts, to the British Museum. He had an antiquarian library at his chambers in the Inner Temple, which he directed to be sold after his death. He never published.
# Samadhi (disambiguation)

Samadhi is an Indian religious term, commonly translated as meditation or contemplation.
Samadhi may also refer to:
* Samadhi (shrine), a Hindi term for a mausoleum, tomb, or monument for a deceased saint or guru
* Mahasamādhi, act of leaving the body in the state of Samādhi
* Bhava samadhi
* Savikalpa samādhi
* Sānanda samādhi
* Samadhi Statue, Anuradhapura
* 12472 Samadhi, an asteroid discovered in 1997

## Names

* Samadi (surname)

## Film, books and music

* Samadhi (actress) (born 1994), Mexican actress and performer
* Samadhi (1950 film), 1950 Bollywood film
* Samadhi (1972 film), 1972 Bollywood film
* samādhi Sheol, a character in the books The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant
* Secret Samadhi, a 1997 album by Live
* Samadhi Sound, an independent record label of David Sylvian
# Sammarinese cuisine

As San Marino is a microstate completely landlocked by Italy, Sammarinese cuisine is strongly similar to Italian cuisine, especially that of the adjoining Emilia-Romagna and Marche regions. San Marino's primary agricultural products are cheese, wine and livestock, and cheesemaking is a primary economic activity in San Marino. San Marino participated in The Exposition Universelle of 1889, a world's fair held in Paris, France, with three exhibits of oils and cheese.

## Dishes

Local savoury dishes include fagioli con le cotiche, a Christmas bean and bacon soup; pasta e ceci, a chickpea and noodle soup with garlic and rosemary; nidi di rondine, a baked pasta dish with smoked ham, beef, cheese, and a tomato sauce; and roast rabbit with fennel. Erbazzone is a spinach-based dish that includes cheese and onions. There is a dish found mostly in Borgo Maggiore called piada, which consists of flatbread with various fillings and is somewhat similar to the piadina from Emilia-Romagna.

## Desserts and sweets

Sweets include a cake known as Torta Tre Monti, based on the Three Towers of San Marino and similar to a layered wafer cake covered in chocolate; Torta Titano, a layered dessert made with biscuit, hazelnuts, chocolate, cream and coffee, also inspired by San Marino's central mountain, Monte Titano; bustrengo, a traditional Christmas cake made with honey, nuts and dried fruit; Verretta, a dessert made of hazelnuts, praline and chocolate wafers; Cacciatello, a dessert made with milk, sugar and eggs, similar to crème caramel; and zuppa di ciliegie, cherries stewed in sweetened red wine and served on white bread.

## Alcoholic beverages
### Wine

The region also produces a number of wines such as Brugneto and Tessano (cask-aged red wines) and Biancale and Roncale (still white wines). Wine in San Marino is regulated by the San Marino Wine Association, which is also a large-scale wine producer.

### Spirits

Its liqueurs include the aniseed-flavoured Mistrà, the truffle-flavoured Tilus and the herbal Tamir Shachar.
# Samuel R. Allen

Samuel R. Allen (born c. 1953) is an American businessman. He was the chairman and chief executive officer of John Deere, and the chairman of the U.S. Council on Competitiveness.

## Early life

Samuel R. Allen was born circa 1953 in Sumter, South Carolina. He attended Purdue University as an Evans Scholar and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in Industrial Management in 1975.

## Career

Allen started his career at John Deere in 1975, where he first worked as an industrial engineer. He became the company's president and chief operating officer in June 2009. Allen was the chairman and chief executive officer of Deere & Company from February 2010 to November 2019. In 2016, he earned more than US$18 million.
As of 2017, Allen serves as the chairman of the U.S. Council on Competitiveness. He has served on the board of directors of Whirlpool Corporation since June 2010.
In March 2020, Allen announced his retirement as board chairman of Deere & Company.
# Sampera asplundii

Sampera asplundii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador and it is threatened by habitat loss. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
# Sampford Courtenay

Sampford Courtenay is a village and civil parish in West Devon in England, most famous for being the place where the Western Rebellion, otherwise known as the Prayerbook rebellion, first started, and where the rebels made their final stand. It has a population of around 600.
The Church of St Andrew is mainly built of granite and has an elegant tower.
Between 1867 and 1972, the village was served by the nearby Sampford Courtenay railway station at Belstone Corner. The station reopened for the heritage Dartmoor Railway between 2002 and 2021, after which it closed permanently. Network Rail reclaimed ownership of the Dartmoor line between Yeoford and Okehampton in 2021, but have no plans to reopen the station.

## Literature

Sampford Courtenay is the area author M.R. James had in mind for his short ghost story Martin's Close published in More Ghost Stories in 1911. The New Inn featured in this story is also a real place and a grade II listed old coaching inn originally built in the 16th century.
# Benny Andrew

Benjamin Andrew (born 5 February 1973), is a former professional footballer who has played in the Scottish Football League First Division for East Fife.

## Career

Andrew began his professional career with East Fife and was part of the squad that won promotion to the SFL First Division in 1996. The Methil side only won two games the following year in the second tier of Scottish football, however Andrew did score in their first and only home victory that season against Falkirk. After a short spell at Montrose, Andrew joined Junior side Glenrothes in 1999 where he remained for eleven seasons and earned a testimonial match against a Celtic XI in 2009.
Andrew returned to Glenrothes as manager in November 2014 but resigned from his position in September 2016.
# Bernard Shapiro

Bernard Jack Shapiro, OC GOQ (born June 8, 1935) is a Canadian academic, civil servant, former Principal and Vice-Chancellor of McGill University from 1994 to 2004, and the first Ethics Commissioner of Canada between May 17, 2004 and March 29, 2007.

## Biography

Born in Montreal, Quebec, he received a Bachelor of Arts from McGill University in 1956. In 1967 he received a Doctorate in Education from Harvard University. He then joined the faculty of Boston University and later became Associate Dean of the School of Education. In 1976 he was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Education at the University of Western Ontario and became Vice-President (Academic) and Provost in 1978. From 1980 until 1986 he was the Director of the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, and in 1984 published The Report of The Commission on Private Schools in Ontario for the Ministry of Education of Ontario.
In 1986 he joined the Ontario public service serving as Deputy Minister of Education, Deputy Minister of Skills Development, Deputy Secretary of Cabinet, Deputy Minister and Secretary of Management Board and Deputy Minister of Colleges and Universities. From 1992 until 1994 he was Professor of Education and Public Policy at the University of Toronto. From 1994 until 2004 he was Principal and Vice-Chancellor of McGill University. In May 2004 he was appointed the first Ethics Commissioner of Canada. His term was marked by controversy and then MP for Ottawa Centre, Ed Broadbent repeatedly called for his resignation.
He is the twin brother of Harold T. Shapiro, President Emeritus of Princeton University.

## Honours

* In 1999 he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.
* In 2004 he was made a Grand Officer of the National Order of Quebec.
* He has received honorary degrees from McGill University, University of Toronto, University of Ottawa, Yeshiva University, McMaster University, Université de Montréal, University of Edinburgh, Bishop's University, Nipissing University, University of Melbourne and University of Glasgow.
# Samson Gemmell

Samson Gemmell FRFPS (1848 – 2 April 1913) was a Scottish paediatrician who became Regius Professor of Practice of Medicine at the University of Glasgow.

## Life

Gemmell was born in Catrine in 1848 and was educated at Glasgow High School. He applied to the University of Glasgow to study art, with a goal of joining the Civil Service, but a childhood deformity precluded this career move, and forced Gemmell to switch career to Medicine, graduating in 1872 with a Medicine (M.B.) and Surgery (C.M.) qualification with Honours.
Gemmell never married.

## Career

Gemmell had a number of junior positions before becoming a physician. His first role was working for one year as a resident assistant to Sir William Tennant Gairdner at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. From 1874 to 1877 Gemmell worked as Physician assistant to Dr JB Russell at the Glasgow Fever Hospital. Gemmell then became a demonstrator of Anatomy for the anatomist Allen Thomson. In 1887 Gemmell was appointed as a physician to the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. In 1892 he was appointed to the same position at the Western Infirmary.
In 1880, Gemmell became a Doctor of Medicine (MD) and was appointed as Professor to the Chair of Systematic Medicine at the Anderson's College Medical School. In 1908 Gemmell was appointed to Regius Professor of Medicine, a position he held until 1913. Gemmell was assisted in this role by Robert Stevenson Thomson. In 1888-1899 Gemmel became Professor of Clinical Medicine at Glasgow University and his position as Professor at Anderson's College was filled by Thomson.
Gemmell died on 2 April 1913, possibly from a heart attack.

## Chair

Gemmell had a brother called William Gemmell, who donated bequeathed £20,000 to the university, to be used either in the medical or science faculties. £20,000 was a substantial sum of money at the time, equivalent to £624,980 in August 2018. The money was used to establish the first Chair of Paediatrics in Great Britain. The first occupant in 1924, was Leonard Findlay. The Chair of Paediatrics was renamed in 1947 to the Samson Gemmell Chair of Child Health.
# Bentonville Confederate Monument

The Bentonville Confederate Monument was installed in Bentonville, Arkansas, United States. It was removed from the town square in September 2020 and relocated to the private James H. Berry Park in July 2023.

## Description and history

Placed in the center of Square Park, the 20 feet (6.1 m) granite statue of a Confederate soldier standing at parade rest was placed by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in 1908. A later plaque honors James Henderson Berry, a Confederate soldier with the 16th Arkansas Infantry Regiment who would later become the first Arkansas Governor from Benton County. The inscription reads "They Fought For Home and Fatherland. Their Names are Borne On Honors Shield. Their Record Is With God.".
The statue was manufactured in Barre, Vermont.
Although the park was deeded to the United Daughters of the Confederacy for use as a park in perpetuity, the chapter had disbanded prior to 1996. Benton County took control of the park, and allowed the City of Bentonville to take over care and maintenance.
The monument was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1996.
In September 2020, after years of controversy over Confederate monuments nationwide, the monument was removed from the Bentonville Square.
In February 2022, the Bentonville city planning commission announced a plan for the statue to be placed at a new park. The privately owned and operated park, named after James H. Berry, will feature the Statue and original base as the centerpiece, with the park located next to the Bentonville Cemetery. The new park opened in July 2023 and the statue is now back in public view.

### Inscriptions

North face:
   THEIR NAMES ARE BORNE ON HONOR'S SHIELD. THEIR RECORD IS WITH GOD. CONFEDERATE
East face:
   THEY FOUGHT FOR HOME AND FATHERLAND CONFEDERATE
South face:
   1861–65 CONFEDERATE
West face:
   TO THE SOUTHERN SOLDIERS ERECTED BY A.J. BATES AND THE JAMES H. BERRY CHAPTER UNITED DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY AUG. 8, 1908 CONFEDERATE
Metal plate added to west face on January 30, 1914:
   JAMES H. BERRY 1841–1913 SOLDIER AND STATESMAN BELOVED OF ARKANSAS 2ND LIEUTENANT CO. E 16TH ARK. INFANTRY, C.S.A LEGISLATOR – JURIST
   GOVERNOR OF ARKANSAS
   UNITED STATES SENATOR
   HE PERFORMED EVERY DUTY
   WITH AN EYE
   SINGLE TO THE PUBLIC WELFARE
   AND HIS OWN UNBLEMISHED HONOR
   THIS TABLET IS PLACED HERE
   BY THE JAMES H. BERRY CHAPTER
   UNITED DAUGHTERS OF
   THE CONFEDERACY
   THE PAT CLEBURNE CAMP
   SONS OF CONFEDERATE VETERANS
   AND OTHER FRIENDS
   IN LOVING REMEMBRANCE
   AND APPRECIATION
   OF HIS NOBLE LIFE AND CHARACTER.
# John Hippisley (Parliamentarian)

Sir John Hippisley was an English privateer and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1653. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.
Hippisley was the son of William Hippisley (died 1630). He was knighted at Sheriff Hutton Park on 14 April 1617.
In 1621, he was elected Member of Parliament for Petersfield. He was re-elected MP for Petersfield in 1624. About this time, he purchased from Sir John Leman the manor of Lesnes and the site of Lesnes Abbey in Bexley which he later sold to Sir Thomas Gainsford, of Crowhurst, Surrey. In 1624 he was appointed Lieutenant of Dover Castle, a post he held until 1629. He was elected MP for Dover in 1625 and 1626, During his time at Dover he was involved in the wars with France and Spain and took part in privateering activities. In 1628 he was re-elected MP for Dover and sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years.
In 1641 Hippisley was elected to the Long Parliament as one of the members elected to the newly enfranchised constituency of Cockermouth. About this time he sold the manor of Marston Bigot to Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. In the Civil War, Hippisley sided with parliament and was commissioner to treat with the king.
Hippisley married Catherine Norton daughter of Sir Roger Norton.
# Benton Shale

The Benton Shale (also Benton Formation or Benton Group) is a geologic formation name historically used in Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska. In the "mile high" plains in the center of the continent, the named layers preserve marine fossils from the Late Cretaceous Period. The term Benton Limestone has also been used to refer to the chalky portions of the strata, especially the beds of the strata presently classified as Greenhorn Limestone, particularly the Fencepost limestone.

## Naming and status

The name was applied by Meek, F.B. and Hayden, F.V. in 1862 to the gray marine shales, often chalky in the middle layers, lying above the terrestrial Dakota Sandstone and usually below the massive limestones at the base of the Niobrara Chalk. The name was taken from the type outcrop at Fort Benton, today a small city in Montana on the Upper Missouri River.
Today, the Benton classification is obsolete in some regions, having been replaced by the ascending sequence Graneros Shale/Belle Fourche Shale, Greenhorn Limestone, and Carlile Shale. However, many old publications used the name. And the use of the Benton Group name continues in the Front Range where the Graneros Shale, Greenhorn Limestone, Carlile Shale, and Codell Sandstone may be recognized as member units.
In the lower Missouri River, west of Yankton, South Dakota, the distinction between the Benton and the Niobrara is very clear. This is near Meek and Hayden's type location for the Niobrara, the Niobrara River. On the shores of Lewis and Clark Lake between Yankton and the Niobrara River, high bluffs of near white Fort Hays Limestone are perched above the top of the gray shales that Meek and Hayden named "Fort Benton". However, at their Fort Benton type location for the Benton Group, the Fort Hays Limestone layer is hardly distinct from the Benton Shale and is identifiable only by its major change in fossil species.
The Mancos Shale of the Colorado Plateau correlates with the Colorado Shale, and the Tokay Tongue of the lower Mancos is the synonym for the Benton Shale.

## Bentonite

There are many thin beds of volcanic ash in the unit that have devitrified into mostly montmorillonite. Taking its name from the formation, this material is called bentonite. Iron sulfide in the bentonite seams converts to rust when exposed to air resulting in orange lines across exposures of Benton shale and chalk.

## Gallery

* Red Rock Canyon Open Space, Colorado Springs, Colorado
* Gray Benton Shale
* Gray Benton Shale
* Concretionary cone-in-cone structures in Benton Shale
* Bentonite seams in the Benton Shale
* Other locations
* Benton Group outcrop identified in Kansas by F.V. Hayden in 1871
* Chalk rhythmites in "old Benton" Greenhorn member in Kansas
* Chalk rhythmites in "old Benton" Lower Carlile member in Kansas
# San Jacinto High School

San Jacinto High School can refer to:
* San Jacinto High School (San Jacinto, California)
* San Jacinto High School (Houston, Texas)
# Samsi Sastrawidagda

Samsi Sastrawidagda (13 March 1894 – 1963) was an Indonesian politician who was the first Minister of Finance of Indonesia, serving for just under one month in September 1945. He was also one of the founders of the Indonesian National Party.

## Early life and education

He was born in Surakarta on 13 March 1894. He was a graduate of a Hollandsch-Inlandsche School and went to the Netherlands in 1913 with a scholarship from Budi Utomo, graduating from a teachers' training school. He continued his studies at the Rotterdam Trade School, graduating with his dissertation De Ontwikkeling v.d handels politik van Japan (The Development of the Trade Politics of Japan). In the Netherlands, he was recruited to teach Javanese and Malay. He also travelled to Denmark in 1925 with Mohammad Hatta to study cooperative business there.

## Career

After returning to Indonesia, Samsi was one of the founders of the Indonesian National Party (PNI) on 4 July 1927, along with Sukarno, Sartono, and Iskaq Tjokrohadisurjo among others. He was appointed as party commissioner. During this period, Samsi worked in Bandung, where he leased the veranda of Sukarno's home for use as his accountant's office. Later, he moved to Surabaya after the arrest of many nationalists and the disbandment of PNI, and there he joined Partindo.
Prior to the Japanese invasion of Indonesia in 1942, Samsi was considered by the Japanese as a potential fifth columnist which would aid the invasion, though such efforts ended up unnecessary.$^{:2}$ During the occupation, he was a member of the Japanese-established Central Advisory Council and labor organization Pusat Tenaga Rakyat [id], in addition to being an adviser to the Finance Department of the occupation government. He was also appointed as a member of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK).
Following the proclamation of Indonesian independence, Samsi was appointed as the Finance Minister in the first Indonesian cabinet. During his brief tenure, Samsi attempted to raise funds for the new government by accessing leftover funds from the previous Dutch East Indies government seized by the Japanese following the invasion. One such source was a bank in Surabaya, and obtaining it was made possible due to Samsi's close connections with Japanese military officers. A "robbery" was arranged in order to hide the Japanese officers' involvement. The act raised money for both the central republican government and for the local militia units in Surabaya. He resigned for health reasons on 26 September 1945 and was replaced by Alexander Andries Maramis. Samsi served in the ministerial post from 2 to 26 September 1945.
He died in 1963.
# Beriohansa

Beriohansa is a monotypic moth genus of the family Noctuidae described by Nye in 1975. Its only species, Beriohansa hansali, was first described by Felder in 1874. It is found in Ethiopia.
# John Haldane (priest)

John Bernard Haldane was an Anglican priest in the 20th century. He was born on 27 May 1881 and educated at Keble College, Oxford. Ordained in 1905 after a period of study at Ripon College Cuddesdon he began his career as Assistant Curate of St John East Dulwich after which he was Priest in charge of St John, Earlsfield. He was Precentor of Southwark Cathedral from 1919 to 1937 and then briefly its Provost. He died in post on 4 November 1938
# John III of Werle

John III, Lord of Werle (nicknamed John van Ruoden; born: before 1300; died: between 1 April and 28 August 1352) was Lord of Werle-Goldberg from 1316 until his death. He was the son of Nicholas II and Rixa of Denmark.
After the death of his father, Nicholas II, in 1316, it was decided to divide Werle. John III. took control over the part Werle-Goldberg and his uncle John II took over Werle-Güstrow. John III built himself a castle in Goldberg. King Christopher II of Denmark promised John and Lord Henry II of Mecklenburg on 4 May 1326 that he would invest them with Rügen. However, he had earlier promised the principality to Pomerania. This led to a war, the Rügen War of Succession. Under the Peace of Brudersdorf, Pomerania was allowed to keep Rügen, but had to pay Mecklenburg 31000silver marks in compensation.
From 1350, he left the business of government to his son and co-ruler Nicholas IV. On 1 April 1352, he was already terminally ill. He died later that year. He was probably buried in Malchow Abbey.

## Marriage and issue

John III married in 1317 with Mechtild (died: c. 1332), the daughter of Duke Otto I, Duke of Pomerania. They had three children:
* John (died 1341)
* Nicholas IV, Lord of Werle-Goldberg
* Mechtild (died 1361), married with Count Otto I of Schwerin
After Mechtild's death, John III married Richaris and had two more daughters:
* Sophia (died 1384), married with Albert II of Lindow-Ruppin
* Rixa, became prioress of Dobbertin Abbey in 1392