OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Van Buren County Courthouse (Iowa)

The Van Buren County Courthouse located in Keosauqua, Iowa, United States, was built in 1843. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. It is the only building the county has used as its courthouse, and it is the oldest courthouse in Iowa. In 1845 the courthouse served as the location for a trial resulting in the first death penalty in Iowa history.

## History

Van Buren County was established on December 7, 1836. The first meeting of the county court and officials was held the following spring in Farmington, Iowa. However, the Wisconsin territorial legislature—which Iowa was a part of until 1838—changed the county seat to the village of Rochester in December, 1837. Territorial Governor Henry Dodge vetoed the change so an election was held in 1838 to settle the matter. The voters chose Keosauqua, which was then required to supply $5,000 in materials and land for the construction of a county courthouse.
The Van Buren County commissioners accepted a bid of $6,500 from James Hall and John Fairman on May 30, 1840, for construction of the courthouse, with Sewall Kenny and Henry King named as building agents. However, early the following January the commissioners relieved the agents of their duties and named Edwin Manning to finish the construction. This was done in September 1843 at a final cost of $6,712. Edwin Manning would later build the Hotel Manning in Keosauqua, also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Architecture

The finished Greek Revival-style building was one of the largest west of the Mississippi River for that time period. The style is also typical of Iowa's pre-Civil War courthouses. The framework of the courthouse was constructed of native oak from the area as well as locally manufactured brick for the exterior. Iron truss rods were installed in the building to provide further strength. The exterior walls are 22 inches (56 cm) thick on the first floor and 18 inches (46 cm) on the second floor. Locally harvested walnut completed most of the interior, trim, and two circular staircases. Originally the courthouse included a 10 feet (3.0 m) square tower rising another 16 feet (4.9 m) above the second floor however it was removed in the mid-1800s. The circular walnut staircases were also removed and replaced by the single one presently in use.

### The courthouse today

Still in use, the Van Buren County courthouse received a major interior restoration over a two-year period between 1981 and 1983, improving safety while preserving much of the original look and feel. The exterior of the building was renovated in 1997 and included a ramp to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act. While still serving as an active courtroom, the building also features historical displays, photos of former judges, portraits, and maps. The county office building, located south of the courthouse, is also well over a century old having been constructed in 1896.
# Valle del Retortillo

Valle del Retortillo is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 189 inhabitants.

## Villages

The municipal term was created at the end of the 20th century merging the villages of former partido de Frechilla that had 135 homes and 364 inhabitantsitants. The capital was established at Villalumbroso. The municipality has lost about a 50% of its population since then.
* Abastas and Abastillas, 50 homes and 170 inhabitants.
* Añoza, 27 homes and 88 inhabitants.
* Villalumbroso, 58 homes and 193 inhabitants.
* Villatoquite, 40 homes and 114 inhabitants.
# Vanishing Borders

Vanishing Borders is a 2014 American documentary film written, directed, and produced by Alexandra Hidalgo. The film was screened at the All Lights India International Film Festival, Glendale International Film Festival and Commffest, Toronto.

## Plot

The film tells the stories of four immigrant women — Teboho Moja, Melainie Rogers, Daphnie Sicre and Yatna Vakharia — living in New York City and improving their communities with their work and activism to celebrate the ways in which immigration can transform not only those who immigrate but the places to which they move.
Teboho Moja is a South African professor of higher education, who worked in the anti-apartheid movement.
Melainie Rogers is an Australian nutritionist whose private practice hires primarily women.
Daphnie Sicre is a Latina raised in Spain, who is an activist and a Ph.D. candidate in educational theater.
Yatna Vakharia is an Indian mother of two and school volunteer, who began attending college when her children became teenagers.

## Awards

* Won - Kudos Endeavor Award for Human Spirit Feature at the Docs Without Borders Film Festival, 2016
* Won - International Award of Excellence at the International Film Festival For Environment, Health and Culture, 2016
# Vanishing Hoofs

Vanishing Hoofs is a 1926 American silent Western film directed by John P. McCarthy and written by Betty Burbridge and L. V. Jefferson.

## Cast

* Hal Taliaferro as Wally Marsh
* Alma Rayford as Lucy Bowers
* William Ryno as Colonel Bowers
* Hazel Keener as Edith Marsh
* Frank Ellis as Jack Warren
* William Dunn as Jack Slade
* Jane Sherman as kate
* Slim Whitaker as the doctor
* W. J. Willett as the sheriff
# Van Diest

van Diest is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Isala Van Diest (1842–1916), Belgian feminist
* Jan III van Diest (died 1340), Dutch bishop
* Mike Van Diest (21st century), Carroll College football coach
* Peter van Diest (15th century), Dutch dramatist
# Van Dieren

Van Dieren or Van Dieren Éditeur is a French Protestant publishing house, Francophone and independent, founded in 1995 and located in Paris. Specializing in Liberal Christianity, this house also publishes art books and literature.

## Authors

* Laurent Gagnebin
* André Gounelle [fr]
* Rémi Gounelle
* Raphaël Picon [fr]
* Bernard Reymond
* Friedrich Schleiermacher
* Ernst Troeltsch
# Vannini

Vannini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alessandro Vannini (born 1938)
* Elia Vannini (1637–1695): Italian Baroque composer and Carmelite friar
* Giuditta Vannini (1859–1911)
* Marco Vannini (born 1943), Italian biologist
* Pietro Vannini (1413/1414–1495/1496), Italian artist and silversmith
* Ottavio Vannini (1585–c. 1643), Italian Baroque painter
# Vanniyanmadu

Vanniyanmadu is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
# Vancouver City Centre station

Vancouver City Centre is an underground station on the Canada Line of Metro Vancouver's SkyTrain rapid transit system. The station is located on Granville Street, between West Georgia Street and Robson Street in Downtown Vancouver, and serves the shopping and entertainment districts along Granville and Robson streets, and the office and shopping complexes of Pacific Centre and Vancouver Centre.
The station is within walking distance of Robson Square (home of the Vancouver Art Gallery, the Provincial Court of British Columbia, and a UBC satellite campus), the Orpheum Theatre, Vancouver Library Square, TD Tower, Scotia Tower and the HSBC Canada Building.

## History

Vancouver City Centre station opened in 2009 and is named for its location in the centre of downtown Vancouver. VIA Architecture was the architecture firm responsible for designing the station.
In 2018, TransLink announced that Vancouver City Centre station, as well as two other Canada Line stations located in downtown Vancouver, would receive an accessibility upgrade which includes additional escalators. Construction is expected to begin in early 2019 with completion by the fourth quarter of 2019.

## Services

The station is located within a short walking distance of bus stops for bus services throughout Vancouver (especially the trolleybus services on Granville Mall) and to the North Shore. There are underground connections between the station and both the Pacific Centre and Vancouver Centre shopping malls. Passengers are able to reach Granville station (on the Expo Line) during regular retail hours while remaining indoors by walking through Pacific Centre or Vancouver Centre and Hudson's Bay department store, although the only direct transfer point between the Canada Line and the Expo Line is at Waterfront station.

## Station information
### Entrances

* Street level entrance : located at the southwest corner of the intersection of Granville Street and West Georgia Street. Elevator access at this entrance is located south of the main entrance building.
* Concourse level entrances: have a direct connection to Pacific Centre and Vancouver Centre shopping malls.

### Transit connections

The following bus routes can be found in close proximity to Vancouver City Centre station:
| Local | North Shore | NightBus |
| 4 UBC/Powell 7 Dunbar / Nanaimo Station 10 Granville 14 UBC 16 Arbutus / 29th Avenue Station 17 Oak 20 Victoria 50 False Creek South | 240 Lynn Valley 241 Upper Lonsdale (peak only) 246 Highland 247 Upper Capilano (peak only) 250 Horseshoe Bay 250A Dundarave 253 Caulfield (peak only) 254 British Properties (peak only) 257 Horseshoe Bay Express | N8 Fraser N9 Coquitlam Central Station N10 Brighouse Station N15 Cambie N17 UBC N19 Surrey Central Station N20 Victoria N22 Macdonald N24 Lynn Valley N35 SFU |
# Varberg Church

Varberg Church (Swedish: Varbergs kyrka) is situated at the marketplace in Varberg, Halland County, Sweden. The church was completed in 1772, as a replacement of an elder church from 1687 that was destroyed in a fire on 18 May 1767.
The interior of the church is neoclassical. Mostly of it is from the 19th century. The retable is from 1816. The pulpit was set in during a restoration of the church in 1890–1891. The wooden baptismal font has seven edges. It was made from oak in the 17th century. It comes from an elder church that was destroyed in a fire on 12 August 1666. At this time, the city of Varberg was situated in an area called Platsarna. The city was moved to its current location after the fire in 1666.
A sacristy was built to the north in 1961.
It is the parish church of Varberg Parish, and the eldest and biggest one of the four churches in the parish.
# Vaxell

Vaxell Sp. z o.o. is a Polish aircraft engine manufacturer based in Bydgoszcz. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of engines for ultralight and homebuilt aircraft.
The company is a Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością, a Polish limited liability company.
In the mid-2000s the company developed a range of four-cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, horizontally opposed engines, including the 60 hp (45 kW) Vaxell 60i, the 80 hp (60 kW) Vaxell 80i and the 90 hp (67 kW) Vaxell 100i.

## Aircraft engines

Summary of engines built by Vaxell:
* Vaxell 60i
* Vaxell 80i
* Vaxell 100i
# Vanzijlia

Vanzijlia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Aizoaceae. It only contains one known species, Vanzijlia annulata.
It is native to the Cape Provinces of the South African Republic.
The genus name of Vanzijlia is in honour of Dorothy Constantia van Zijl (1886–1938), South African plant collector. The Latin specific epithet of annulata means ring-shaped or with an annulus. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Fl. Pl. South Africa Vol.7 on table 262 in 1927. The genus is recognized by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service, but they do not list any known species.
# Vanzina

Vanzina is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlo Vanzina (1951-2018), Italian film director, producer, and screenwriter, son of Stefano
* Stefano Vanzina (1915–1988), Italian film director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
# Veddasca

Veddasca was a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Milan and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Varese in the Val Veddasca, on the border with Switzerland. In 2014 it merges with Maccagno and Pino sulla Sponda del Lago Maggiore in the new municipality of Maccagno con Pino e Veddasca
# Vehicle turntable

Vehicle turntable can refer to
* Car turntable
* Turntable (rail)
# Vejar, Trebnje

Vejar (pronounced) is a settlement north of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. Historically the area was part of Lower Carniola and the entire Municipality of Trebnje is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## History

Vejar became a separate settlement in 2014, when it was administratively separated from Hudeje. It is a Roma settlement. As a hamlet of Hudeje, it was previously known as V blatih.
# Velvet Moonlight

Velvet Moonlight is a Brazilian heavy metal band, formed in São Paulo in 2013 by vocalist Tuuh Wilson and his brother, guitarist Oddy Silva. after creating the music Flying Horse. Tuuh was the lead vocalist of an anime band called Sugoi (2010–2013), but left the band and created Velvet Moonlight. Later, the ex-drummer from Sugoi, Cidão, and ex-bassist from Triforce, Death, joined the band.

## History

At the end of 2013, Sugoi disbanded with an announcement from Tuuh: "Sugoi is over, but the sound continued. From now, I will be playing with Cidão in a new band called: Velvet Moonlight". Tuuh and his brother, Oddy, were working behind the scenes creating new music. Together, they recorded and released the song "Flying Horse". Cidão and Death joined the band for its first EP, Flying Horse: the Dawn of a Man – A Side, with five tracks. Within one day of its release, the EP reached one thousand downloads.

## Members

* Tuuh Wilson – Vocal
* Oddy Silva – Guitar
* Death – Bass
* Melk – Drumm
* Refe - Keyboard

## Albums
### Flying Horse: the Dawn of a Man

The EP talks about an heroic Perseu and his human side. But, how do these acts appear today?
* "Flying Horse" (5'12)—A song about the meeting of Perseu and his war companion, Pegasus.
* Desert Chaos (3'59)— Philosophical reflection on incessant and exhausting wars of Perseus.
* Red Fields (5'34)—Desire for freedom, happiness, but the harsh reality and bloody pursues its objectives.
* Dreamless Soldier (5'12)—Uncertainty than actually follow, if you really should have a dream beyond Perseus of endless fights. Not wishing or even to your worst enemy, the pain in your heart.
* Perseu's Father (5'02)—Final words of his father, advice about life, and what really follow. Which way to go. How hard is the life.
# Vasum ceramicum

Vasum ceramicum, common name ceramic vase or heavy whelk, is a species of medium to large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinellidae.

## Description

Vasum ceramicum has a large, thick and heavy shell that reaches a length of 59 – 160 mm. This shell is quite elongated, conical or vase-shaped (hence the common name). It has long siphonal canal, three strong, columella folds and 7-10 strong spiny tubercles in each loop. It is colored white and greys or dark brown externally, while the aperture may be colored white or pale brown.

## Distribution

The species is widespread in the Mascarene Plateau, off the coast of Madagascar, and Tanzania.

## Habitat

This sea snail lives on lower eulittoral, rocky areas at depth of 10 to 40 m.
# Venice in Peril (disambiguation)

Venice in Peril may refer to:
* Venice in Peril Fund, a British charity that raises funds to restore and conserve works of art and architecture in Venice
* Venice in Peril Records, a sub-label of EMI Records formed in 1982
* La Serenissima (album), a 1981 album by Rondò Veneziano, also released as Venice in Peril
# Vatanato

Vatanato is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vangaindrano, which is a part of Atsimo-Atsinanana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 9,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available. The majority 99% of the population of the commune are farmers. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coffee and cassava. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
23°40′S 47°15′E﻿ / ﻿23.667°S 47.250°E﻿ / -23.667; 47.250
* This Atsimo-Atsinanana location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Verloo

Verloo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Courtney Verloo (born 1991), American soccer player
* Mieke Verloo (born 1950), Dutch political scientist
# Vermilion Range (Minnesota)

The Vermilion Range exists between Tower, Minnesota and Ely, Minnesota, and contains significant deposits of iron ore. Together with the Mesabi, Gunflint, and Cuyuna ranges, these four constitute the Iron Ranges of northern Minnesota. While the Mesabi Range had iron ore close enough to the surface to enable pit mining, mines had to be dug deep underground to reach the ore of the Vermilion and Cuyuna ranges. The Soudan mine was nearly 1/2 mile underground and required blasting of Precambrian sedimentary bedrock.
The banded iron formation in the range consists of a "interbedded sequence" of chert, magnetite and hematite. Eleven mines operated in the range, with five in the Ely area. The Ely Trough, a synclinal fold, produced 70 million metric tons from the Chandler, Pioneer, Zenith, Sibley and Savoy mines. The largest mine in the range, Soudan, was closed in 1962, and the last mine in the Ely area closed in 1964.
Despite the effort needed for the deep mining Soudan mine, the ore obtained was worth the effort; the quality of the hematite ore was so pure that two pieces could be welded. The bedrock, known as taconite, also contained iron, but in a much lower concentration. After more efficient practices for creating steel were discovered, the use of this high-quality ore was abandoned due to its more costly mining expense.
The Soudan hematite was used in the open hearth furnace, where the density of the ore, called Vermilion Lump, was needed to break through the floating slag to cause the molten charge to roil and burn off the impurities. When the newer blast furnaces came into use, the expensive Vermilion Lump was no longer needed. New processes were developed to extract the iron from the taconite by using open-pit mining and producing taconite pellets. This method produced a processed ore product at a significantly reduced cost. Once proven successful, the technical change resulted in Minnesota's iron industry centering on the Mesabi Range, where the taconite was much easier to access.
# Vermillion Accord on Human Remains

The Vermilllion Accord on Human Remains (also Vermillion Accord) is a 1989 international archaeological ethics agreement calling for the respectful treatment of human remains.

## History

The accord was adopted at the 1989 meeting of the World Archaeological Congress in Vermillion, South Dakota. It was a response to concerns raised by indigenous peoples about the circumstances surrounding the collection and preservation of human remains. In particular, it addressed concerns that many remains were collected in the context of clashes with settlers and colonizing authorities, and that their display failed to address the customs and interests of the communities they represent.

## Content

The accord calls for archaeological work to be based on six principles addressing:
* respect for mortal remains
* respect for the wishes of people who have died, where these can be known or reasonably inferred
* respect for the views of local communities, relatives, and/or guardians
* respect for the scientific value of human remains
* promotion of negotiated agreements on disposition of human remains
* recognition of the concerns of ethnic groups

## Legacy

The accord has provoked widespread reconsideration of the ethics of collecting, displaying, and working with human remains. It was incorporated into the Tamaki Makau-rau Accord which sets standards for the display of human remains and other culturally sensitive objects. These accords prompted many museums to review their policies with respect to such holdings. For example, in 1991 the Council of Australian Museum Directors adopted new policies regarding the remains of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. It has also led researchers to explore other methods of examining remains, such as the use of CT scans.
Just a month after its adoption, the United States Congress passed the National Museum of the American Indian Act which called for the Smithsonian Institution to inventory and work with tribes to arrange repatriation of its extensive holdings of Native American remains. It was also influential in the passage of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act a year later.
In the United Kingdom, the accord informed the activities of the Working Group on Human Remains in Museum Collections, which received its mandate in 2001 and reported its findings in November 2003.
Archaeologist and academic Sarah Tarlow has criticized the Vermillion Accord and other ethical codes, suggesting that they ignore the complexity of the ethical dilemmas archaeologists face and tend to preempt debate. She advocates a case-by-case approach instead.
# Vernon D. Acree

Vernon D. Acree (June 25, 1919 – February 1, 2013) was an American administrator who served as Commissioner of the United States Customs Service from 1972 to 1977. He served in the United States Army during World War II.
He died of pneumonia on February 1, 2013, in Fairfax, Virginia at age 93.
# Vera Guilaroff

Vera Guilaroff (26 October 1902 – 23 October 1976) was a Canadian composer and pianist. She was responsible for the first jazz record by a Canadian woman.
Guilaroff began her career as a pianist for silent film screenings. She performed with Willie Eckstein and broadcast music under the name "Princess of the Radio". She toured the US with her husband, percussionist Harry Raginsky in the 1920s, and in the 1930s broadcast as "Canada's Melody Girl" with the BBC. After the Second World War she largely withdrew from performing to focus on composition.
# Very Cool

Very Cool is an album by American jazz saxophonist Lee Konitz which was his first released on the Verve label in 1957.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

* "Sunflower" (Don Ferrara) - 8:06
* "Stairway to the Stars" (Matty Malneck, Frank Signorelli, Mitchell Parish) - 5:24
* "Movin' Around" (Ferrara) - 7:49
* "Kary's Trance" (Lee Konitz) - 7:13
* "Crazy She Calls Me" (Carl Sigman Bob Russell) – 7:26
* "Billie's Bounce" (Charlie Parker) - 6:13

## Personnel

* Lee Konitz - alto saxophone
* Don Ferrara - trumpet
* Sal Mosca - piano
* Peter Ind - bass
* Shadow Wilson - drums
# Very Confidential

Very Confidential is a 1927 American comedy film directed by James Tinling, written by Randall Faye, and starring Madge Bellamy, Patrick Cunning, Mary Duncan, Joseph Cawthorn, Marjorie Beebe and Isabelle Keith. It was released on November 6, 1927, by Fox Film Corporation.

## Cast

* Madge Bellamy as Madge Murphy
* Patrick Cunning as Roger Allen
* Mary Duncan as Priscilla Travers
* Joseph Cawthorn as Donald Allen
* Marjorie Beebe as Stella
* Isabelle Keith as Adelaide Melbourne
* Carl von Haartman as Chauffeur
# Veyil

Veyil (lit. 'Summer') may refer to:
* Veyil (2006 film), Indian Tamil-language drama film
* Veyil (2022 film), Indian Malayalam-language drama film
# Veye Yo

Vigilance (or Veye Yo) is a political party in Haiti, led by Lavarice Guadin. In the 2010-11 general elections, the party won 1 seat.