OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brachyptery

Brachyptery is an anatomical condition in which an animal has very reduced wings. Such animals or their wings may be described as "brachypterous". Another descriptor for very small wings is microptery. Brachypterous wings generally are not functional as organs of flight and often seem to be totally functionless and vestigial. In some species, however, flightless wings may have other functions, such as aposematic display in some Orthoptera and Phasmatodea. Brachyptery occurs commonly among insects. An insect species might evolve towards brachyptery by reducing its flight muscles and their associated energy demands, or by avoiding the hazards of flight in windy conditions on oceanic islands, in which flying insects are prone to drowning. Brachyptery also is common in ectoparasitic insects that have no use for wings, and inquiline insects with socially parasitic life strategies that do not require functional wings.
Pterostichus melanarius is an example of an insect beetle species that exhibits brachyptery. The brachypterous beetles of P. melanarius become the more common morph in the population once the beetles have established their home in a new population.
In some species of insects, brachyptery occurs in some members (say in only one sex, or only some castes), whereas fully functional wings occur in macropterous individuals. When brachyptery is sex-specific, females are often the sex with reduced wings, including reduced wing musculature. This may be to free energy for reproduction, or may be because some insect males (such as cockroaches) use their wings in courtship displays. Other forms of brachyptery may depend on the temperature at which the insect grew and developed. In winter, for example, some species of aphids grow reduced wings, whereas in summer they grow fully developed wings. Some animals, like fleas and worker ants, display an extreme form of brachyptery called aptery, in which no wings grow at all.
# Walsh Cup (rowing)

The Walsh Cup has been competed for since 1967 by the U.S. Naval Academy and Wisconsin Men's Varsity Eight rowing teams. Both teams compete in the Eastern Association of Rowing Colleges (EACR).
It is named after Commander Charles "Buck" Walsh, former coach of the U.S. Naval Academy crew.
# Iadgari of Mikael Modrekili

Iadgari of Mikael Modrekili (Georgian: მიქაელ მოდრეკილის იადგარი) is a Georgian manuscript of the 10th century, containing a special hymnographic collection of the early Byzantine period, known as tropologion. This collection preserved all Georgian original and translated chants known in the 10th century. It was copied in 978-988 in Monastery of Shatberdi by Mikael Modrekili and two anonymous copyists.
The text is written in classical Nuskhuri without ligatures, in black and red ink. In the text above and beneath the lines ink the old musical notes are written in red. The manuscript is illuminated with colored initials and ornamental headpieces.
Copied on parchment, it contains 727 folios; it measures 26x21 cm. The manuscript is preserved at the Georgian National Center of Manuscripts.
# Battle of Brentford

Battle of Brentford can refer to several battles at Brentford, United Kingdom:
* Battle of Brentford (1016) between the invading Danes and the English
* Battle of Brentford (1642) during the English Civil War
# Kane Ioane

Kane Ioane (/ˈaɪ.oʊn/ EYE-own; born January 23, 1982) is an American college football coach and former player. He previously served as the co-defensive coordinator and safeties coach for the Boise State Broncos. He currently serves as the defensive coordinator for the Nevada Wolf Pack.

## Playing career

Ioane played safety for Montana State, earning All-America honors for four straight years, from 2000 to 2003. He was the Big Sky Conference defensive MVP in 2003 and finished at Montana State as the Big Sky's all-time tackles leader. Ioane was inducted to the Montana State Hall of Fame in 2014, and the Montana Football Hall of Fame in 2016.
Ioane spent a brief stint with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers following his graduation, during the offseason following the 2004 season. He participated in mini-camp, but ultimately did not make the roster and returned to Billings for a coaching position in 2005.

## Coaching career

After serving as a student assistant during the 2004 season, Ioane was hired by Montana State as a linebackers coach to begin the 2005 season. He remained in this position until 2016, with only one year gap in 2015, during which time he was also Montana State's defensive coordinator. In 2017, Ioane accepted a position at Washington as a defensive analyst, a position he held for two years. In 2019, Ioane returned to Montana State as the Bobcats' defensive coordinator and safeties coach; he held this position for two years as well. In 2021, he accepted a position at Boise State as the co-defensive coordinator and safeties coach on the staff of new head coach Andy Avalos. On December 18, 2023 he was announced as the new Defensive Coordinator on the staff of new head coach Jeff Choate.

## Personal life

Ioane is a native of Billings, Montana, and graduated from Montana State University with a Bachelor of Arts in education in 2005. He lives with his wife, Kerri, and their two children.
# Paroecus celebensis

Paroecus celebensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1857.
# Bowning

Bowning is a small town in the South West Slopes, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) west of Yass on the Hume Highway in Yass Valley Shire. Bowning is an aboriginal word meaning 'big hill'. At the 2016 census, Bowning and the surrounding area had a population of 573.
Nearby Bowning Hill is 796 metres (2,612 ft) AHD and Hume and Hovell mentioned it in their 1824 journal. Bowning was one of the earliest settlements in the district.
Historic buildings include the Troopers Cottage on the Binalong Road and the old Cobb and Co Coaching Station in Bogolong Street. The coaching station was built sometime between 1850 and 1870. The original local school was amongst the earliest established schools in inland New South Wales, founded in 1849, but now replaced.

## Railway

Bowning railway station is on the Main South railway line, and opened in 1876 consisting of two island platforms. The station closed in 1992; however, the structure is still largely intact with a double storey station building on the down platform (now a local craft shop).

## Heritage listings

Bowning has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Main Southern railway: Bowning railway station

## Gallery

* Part of Bowning township.
* The Commercial Hotel.
# Philip Oxenden Papillon

Philip Oxenden Papillon (1 August 1826 – 16 August 1899) was a British Conservative politician.

## Life

He was the son of Thomas Papillon of Acrise and his wife Frances Mary Oxenden, daughter of Sir Henry Oxenden, 7th Baronet. He was educated at Rugby School from 1841, and matriculated at University College, Oxford in 1844, graduating B.A. in 1848 and M.A. in 1851. He was called to the bar at the Inner Temple in 1852.
Papillon was elected Conservative MP for Colchester at the 1859 general election and held the seat until 1865 when he stood for re-election but was defeated.

## Family

Papillon married in 1862 Emily Caroline Garnier, third daughter of Thomas Garnier.
# Waltz of the Angels

"Waltz of the Angels" is a song written by Dick Reynolds and Jack Rhodes. It was first recorded by American country artist Wynn Stewart. It was then recorded as a duet between American country artists George Jones and Margie Singleton in 1961. Both versions were major hits on the American country charts.

## Wynn Stewart version

"Waltz of the Angels" was recorded on February 8, 1956 at the Capitol Recording Studio, located in Hollywood, California. The session was produced by Ken Nelson, who worked with Stewart while he recorded for the Capitol label. It was the only song recorded during this particular session. The session featured west coast country session musicians such as Ralph Mooney and Joe Maphis.
"Waltz of the Angels" was released as a single on Capitol Records in April 1956. It was his first single release with the label. The year, the single became Stewart's first major hit when it reached number 14 on the Billboard country songs chart.

### Track listings
#### 7" vinyl single

* "Waltz of the Angels" – 3:05
* "Why Do I Love You So" – 2:03

### Chart performance

| Chart (1956) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 14 |

## George Jones and Margie Singleton version

"Waltz of the Angels" was then recorded as a duet by George Jones and Margie Singleton was released as the pair's second single from their 1962 duet album, Duets Country Style, and peaked at #11 on the 1962 Billboard Hot Country Songs singles chart.

### Chart performance

| Chart (1961–1962) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 11 |
# Ramchandrapur, Purulia

Ramchandrapur is a village in Santuri CD Block in Raghunathpur subdivision of Purulia district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography
### Area overview

Purulia district forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills. Raghunathpur subdivision occupies the northern part of the district. 83.80% of the population of the subdivision lives in rural areas. However, there are pockets of urbanization and 16.20% of the population lives in urban areas. There are 14 census towns in the subdivision. It is presented in the map given alongside. There is a coal mining area around Parbelia and two thermal power plants are there – the 500 MW Santaldih Thermal Power Station and the 1200 MW Raghunathpur Thermal Power Station. The subdivision has a rich heritage of old temples, some of them belonging to the 11th century or earlier. The Banda Deul is a monument of national importance. The comparatively more recent in historical terms, Panchkot Raj has interesting and intriguing remains in the area.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Ramchandrapur had a total population of 2,648 of which 1,374 (52%) were males and 1,274 (48%) were females. Population below 6 years was 267. The total number of literates in Ramchandrapur was 1,774 (74.51% of the population over 6 years).

## Transport

Muradi is the nearest station on the Asansol-Adra line of South Eastern Railway.

## Ramchandrapur Medium Irrigation Project

Muradih Dam across the Machkhandajore River, near Muraddi, was completed in 1991 as part of Ramchandrapur Medium Irrigation Project. The dam is an earthen dam 899 m long, with a concrete spillway. The maximum height above the foundation is 15 m. Baranti, a small village 6 km from Muradi railway station and near the dam, has become a popular tourist attraction.

## Healthcare

Ramchandrapur Netaji Eye and General Hospital, functioning under the Health and Family Welfare department of the Government of West Bengal, established in 1953, is a 242 bedded eye care institution. 10,790 patients are treated in-door annually and 130,000 patients attend the Out Patient’s Department.
# Ricardo Caballero

Ricardo Caballero may refer to:
* Ricardo J. Caballero, Chilean macroeconomist
* Ricardo Caballero Tostado, Mexican singer and television star
# Sambepalli mandal

Sambepalli mandal is one of the 30 mandals in Annamayya district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a part of Rayachoti revenue division. The mandal used to be a part of Kadapa district and was made part of the newly formed Annamayya district on 4 April 2022.
# Jillye-myeon

Jillye-myeon is a small town located near the city of Gimhae, in the province of Gyeongsang, South Korea. As of 2005, the population was c. 8,000.

## Geography

Jillye-myeon is primarily situated in a horseshoe-shaped valley, with a range of mountains mostly surrounding it around its eastern, southern, and western sides. The largest of these mountains, on the southwestern side, is Sinan-ri. The larger city of Changwon is immediately on the other side of Sinan-ri, to the west. Gimhae is located about 10 kilometers to the east.

## Culture

Jillye-myeon is well noted and often visited for its ceramics-related arts and crafts. Many kilns and pottery shops can be found throughout town. The town is relatively rural, and being situated in a valley, it supports substantial rice agriculture.
* This South Korea location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Kapisa

Kapisa, Kapiśa, Kapiśi, Kapesa or Kapissa may refer to:
* modern Kapisa Province of Afghanistan
* the 1st millennium Kingdom of Kapisa
* the city of Kapisi (or Kapisa), located near modern Bagram
* Hanuman, a Hindu deity, also known as Kapisa
# Guaram I of Iberia

Guaram I (Georgian: გუარამ I) was a Georgian prince, who attained to the hereditary rulership of Iberia and the East Roman (Byzantine) title of curopalates from 588 to c. 590. He is commonly identified with the Gurgenes (Γουργένης, Hellenized form of Middle Persian Gurgēn) of the Byzantine chronicler Theophanes.
Guaram was born to Leo, the younger son of king Vakhtang I Gorgasali and his Roman consort Helene, thus being a member of the younger, non-royal branch of the Chosroid dynasty, which was in possession of the southwestern Iberian duchies of Klarjeti and Javakheti. He is reported by the medieval Georgian author Sumbat Davitis-Dze to be the first Bagrationi ruler, a claim that has not been accepted as credible.
When the war between the Roman and Sasanian empires resumed under Justin II (r. 565–578), Guaram/Gurgenes allied himself with the Armenian prince Vardan III Mamikonian and the Romans in a desperate attempt to break free of Sasanian control in 572 (Theoph. Byz. Fr. 3). He apparently fled to Constantinople when the uprising failed and remained there until he reappeared on political scene in 588, when the Iberians are reported by the Georgian chronicler Juansher to have revolted from the Sasanid rule again. The Iberian nobles asked the emperor Maurice (r. 582–602) for a ruler from the Iberian royal house; Maurice sent Guaram, conferring on him the dignity of curopalates and sending him to Mtskheta. Thus, the presiding principate of Iberia replaced the Chosroid kingship dormant since its suppression by the Sasanids c. 580. He has traditionally been credited with the foundation of the Jvari Monastery at Mtskheta. Guaram was succeeded by his son, Stephen I.
Guaram I was the first Georgian ruler to take the unusual step of issuing coins modeled on the silver drachms of the Sasanids. These coins, referred to as the "Iberian-Sasanid", feature the initials GN, i.e., Gurgen. Thus, "Guaram" (recorded by the Georgian chronicles) seems to have been the name destined for the domestic usage; while "Gurgen" was the official name of this ruler used for foreign relations, and found in the coinage and in foreign sources.
# Parvez Rob

Parvez Rob (1962/63 – 5 September 2019) was a Bangladeshi composer and music director. He was the music director of 75 films. His father Abdur Rob was an MNA in Pakistan period and his cousin Apel Mahmood is a singer and music composer.
Rob was the founding organizing secretary of Bangladesh Cultural Council. He died on 5 September 2019 at the age of 56 by road accident.
# Guardian darter

The guardian darter (Etheostoma oophylax) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States. This species inhabits creeks and headwaters, living in pools with gentle currents and adjacent riffles. This species can reach a length of 7.4 centimetres (2.9 in) SL.
# Partial equilibrium

In economics, partial equilibrium is a condition of economic equilibrium which analyzes only a single market, ceteris paribus (everything else remaining constant) except for the one change at a time being analyzed. In general equilibrium analysis, on the other hand, the prices and quantities of all markets in the economy are considered simultaneously, including feedback effects from one to another, though the assumption of ceteris paribus is maintained with respect to such things as constancy of tastes and technology.
Mas-Colell, Whinston & Green's widely used graduate textbook says, "Partial equilibrium models of markets, or of systems of related markets, determine prices, profits, productions, and the other variables of interest adhering to the assumption that there are no feedback effects from these endogenous magnitudes to the underlying demand or cost curves that are specified in advance." General equilibrium analysis, in contrast, begins with tastes, endowments, and technology being fixed, but takes into account feedback effects between the prices and quantities of all goods in the economy.
The supply and demand model originated by Alfred Marshall is the paradigmatic example of a partial equilibrium model. The clearance of the market for some specific goods is obtained independently from prices and quantities in other markets. In other words, the prices of all substitute goods and complement goods, as well as income levels of consumers, are taken as given. This makes analysis much simpler than in a general equilibrium model, which includes an entire economy.
Consider, for example, the effect of a tariff on imported French wine. Partial equilibrium would look at just that market, and show that the price would rise. It would ignore the fact that if French wine became more expensive, demand for domestic wine would rise, pushing up the price of domestic wine, which would feed back into the market for French wine. If the feedback were included, the higher domestic price would shift out the demand curve for French wine, further increasing its price. This further increase would again raise demand for domestic wine, and the feedback would increase, resulting in an infinite cycle that would eventually dampen out and converge. The importance of these feedback effects might or might not be worth the extra calculations necessary. They will generally affect the exact amount of the original good's price change, but not the direction.
Partial equilibrium analysis examines the effects of policy action only for one good at a time. Thus, it might look at the effect of a price ceiling for luxury automobiles without looking at the effect of that automobile price ceiling on the demand for bicycles, which would be analyzed separately.
Partial equilibrium applies not just to perfectly competitive markets, but to monopolistic competition, oligopoly, monopoly and monopsony.
# Philip Owens

Philip Owens was an English poet and novelist of the 1920s and 1930s. He appears in the 1930 anthology European Caravan, edited by Samuel Putnam, which also introduced much of the world to Jacob Bronowski, William Empson, and Samuel Beckett. He was a frequent contributor to Jack Lindsay's literary journal, The London Aphrodite. He is also the author of a novel, Hobohemians, and the editor of Bed and Sometimes Breakfast: An Anthology of Landladies.
# Walter (bishop of Rochester)

Walter was a medieval Bishop of Rochester.
Walter was the brother of Theobald of Bec, who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1139 to 1161. Theobald selected Walter to be Archdeacon of Canterbury soon after Theobald's election, and it was Theobald who secured Walter's election to Rochester.
Walter was elected on 27 January 1148 and consecrated on 14 March 1148. He died on 26 July 1182.

## Citations

* ↑ British History Online Archdeacons of Canterbury accessed on 30 October 2007
* ↑ Bartlett England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings p. 401
* ↑ British History Online Bishops of Rochester accessed on 30 October 2007
* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 267
# Arctodiaptomus michaeli

Arctodiaptomus michaeli is a species of copepod in the family Diaptomidae which is endemic to two lakes in Jammu and Kashmir, India.
# Berl Broder

Berl Broder (1817–1868), born Berl Margulis, was a Ukrainian Jew born in Podkamen, the most famous of the Broder singers (19th century Jewish singers comparable to the troubadours or Minnesänger) and reputed the first to be both a singer and an actor. His nickname is the origin of the term Broder singer. Thirty of his songs survive; of these, 24 are in the form of dialogues, usually between craftsmen such as tailors or shoemakers; his songs are seen as a precursor to Yiddish theater.
His childhood was taken up with religious studies at home, until his father's death when he was 16. A handsome, bright young man with a good voice, he taught himself the violin. He worked briefly as a brushmaker; his co-workers became his first audience, calling him "Berl der vertlzoger" - a man who always had a rhyme or a proverb. It was after he married, at the age of 25, that his predilection towards writing and singing emerged.
From some time in his late teens or early twenties, he headed on the road as an itinerant performer, along with two other singers, one of whom was also a tailor who made costumes for the troupe. It is believed that many of his songs were improvised on the spot; only thirty survive in written form. In 1857, when economic crisis hit Brody, he created the Broder-singer troupe and left for Russia. His first book of poetry was published in 1860 in Pressburg, the second in Lemberg, and the third (1882) in Warsaw. He composed a tremendous number of songs and couplets which were never published, and would challenge his partners and competitors to rhyming duels, himself generally emerging the victor.
After leaving Brody, he never settled in any one place; he was also known as a heavy drinker. He lived his last years in poverty. Zalmen Zylbercweig cites conflicting accounts of his last years: his son claimed he died in 1868 in Carlsbad, while a contemporary claimed he died in 1888 in Pliyeshtsh (Ploieşti, Romania), a small town near Bucharest.
# Beatie

Beatie is a name. Notable people with the name include:
* Thomas Beatie (born 1974), American public speaker, author, and advocate with transgender and sexuality issues
* Beatie Deutsch (née Rabin; born 1989), Haredi Jewish American-Israeli marathon runner
* Beatie Edney (born 1962), English television actress
* Beatie Wolfe, Anglo-American singer-songwriter
# Wang 4000

The Wang 4000 was the first programmable computer system from Wang Laboratories, released in 1967.

## Description

However, already in the spring of 1968, An Wang, seeing that he was not able to compete with the PDP-8, focused on a new computer — model 3300. Allowed the use of peripheral devices, in particular printers.
# Wandsworth railway station

Wandsworth railway station can refer to any of the following:
* Wandsworth Town railway station, serves Wandsworth Town Centre and Southside shopping centre
* Wandsworth Common railway station, serves Wandsworth Common
* Wandsworth Road railway station, in Clapham
* New Wandsworth railway station, closed station in Clapham
# Yarragadee Station

29°04′30″S 115°24′29″E﻿ / ﻿29.075°S 115.408°E﻿ / -29.075; 115.408﻿ (Yarragadee)
Yarragadee Station is a pastoral lease that currently operates as a cattle station.
It is located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Mingenew and 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of Mullewa in the Mid West region of Western Australia. The station is located along the Irwin River and occupies an area of 4,000 acres (1,619 ha).
The property was established by Michael Morrissey at some time prior to 1886 and was well known by that time.
Francis Pearse, who already owned a store in the area, acquired Yarragadee in 1903, paying £10,600 for it.
Yarragadee is near Yatharagga - an area associated with a number of space related tracking systems.