OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pinus maximartinezii

Pinus maximartinezii, called Martinez pinyon, big-cone pinyon or maxipiñon, is a pine in the pinyon pine group, native to west-central Mexico.

## Description

It is a small tree, reaching 5–15 m (16–49 ft) tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 50 cm (20 in). The bark is brown, thick and fissured at the base of the trunk. The leaves ('needles') are in fascicles of five, slender, 7–13 cm (2+3⁄4–5 in) long, and deep green to blue-green, with stomata confined to a bright white band on the inner surfaces. The cones are ovoid, massive, 15–27 cm (6–10+3⁄4 in) long and 8–14 cm (3+1⁄4–5+1⁄2 in) broad and up to 2 kg (4.4 lb) weight when closed, green at first, ripening yellow-brown when 26–28 months old, with very thick, woody scales, typically 30–60 fertile scales. The scales are unusual for a pine in the soft pine group (Pinus subgenus Strobus); most pines in that group have flexible scales. The cones open to 10–15 cm (4–6 in) broad when mature. The seeds are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, with a thick shell, with a vestigial 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wing; the seedlings have 18–24 cotyledons, the highest number reported for any plant.
It differs from all other pinyon species in that it has very massive cones and large seeds. Like other pinyons, the seeds are edible; this represents a threat to the species' survival, as the majority of the seeds produced are harvested, limiting natural regeneration of the pines.

## Range and habitat

The range is highly localised, confined to two small areas of the southern Sierra Madre Occidental – the Sierra de Morones in southern Zacatecas, and La Muralla in Durango. It occurs at moderate altitudes, from 1800–2400 m and 21° North latitude, in warm and temperate, dry climate conditions.
The Mexican government has declared this species endangered.

## Discovery

Because of its isolation in a remote area, it escaped discovery until 1964, when the Mexican botanist Jerzy Rzedowski noticed some unusually large pine nuts (piñones) sold in the markets of local villages, and investigated the area to find their source.

## Cultivation

It has started being cultivated recently and is a very attractive ornamental tree.
# Pinetop Burks

Pinetop Burks (August 7, 1907 – January 11, 1947) was an American Texas blues pianist and songwriter. He was part of the "Santa Fe Group", a loose ensemble of black blues pianists who played in the many juke joints abutting the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.
Little is documented of Burks life outside of his brief recording career.

## Life and career

Conish Burks was born in 1907, and apparently raised near Richmond, Texas, although only small detail of his life exists. He had a similar playing style to Rob Cooper and Robert Shaw. Shaw recalled meeting Burks and stated about him "Connie Burks, a dark fellow, about my size, maybe a little thicker than me. When I met him, he couldn't play, so I showed him some. Three years later, when I was in Richmond again, he played better than me".
On October 25, 1937, Burks recorded his only known output of six tracks. This occurred in one session for Vocalion Records in San Antonio, Texas. Nevertheless, it was noted that Burks was a pianist with "incredible technique and melodic feeling". His recording included one track named "Shake The Shack", but it was in reality a variant of "Pinetop's Boogie Woogie". This presumably gave Burks his nickname. Most of his recorded repertoire saw Burks compose other varieties based on earlier material. It is documented that, in 1937, Vocalion released a 78rpm disc with side one containing "Aggravatin' Mama Blues" and side two being "Jack of All Trades Blues" (Vocalion 03979).
Burks was part of the "Santa Fe Group", a loose ensemble of black blues pianists who played in the many juke joints abutting the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway.
He disappeared from the scene in the late 1930s. By 1941, he was enlisted and fought in World War II, but returned home due to being 'badly wounded'. Burks died on January 11, 1947, in Corpus Christi, Texas.
All of Burks's recordings were collated on the compilation album, San Antonio Blues 1937, released in 1994 by Document Records.
# John Southgate

John Eliot Southgate (2 September 1926 – 18 December 1999) was Dean of York in the Church of England; holding this post from 1984 until 1994 when he was succeeded by Raymond Furnell.
Southgate was educated at the City of Norwich School and received a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Social Studies from Durham University in 1953 and a Diploma of Theology (DipTh) in 1955.
He was ordained deacon in 1955, and priest in 1956. He served curacies at Glen Parva and Lee, south-east London He was Vicar of Plumstead from 1962 to 1966; Rector of Old Charlton from 1966 to 1972; Dean of Greenwich from 1968 to 1972; York Diocesan Secretary for Mission and Evangelism from 1972 to 1981;Vicar of Harome 1972 to 1977; and Archdeacon of Cleveland from 1974 to 1984.
While Dean Southgate conducted the service, held in 1988, after the restoration of York Minster, which caught fire in 1984. The Minster was struck by lightning four days before the retirement of the previous dean, Ronald Jasper. Southgate was awarded an honorary doctorate by the University of York in 1989.
# Piroheptine

Piroheptine (brand name Trimol) is an anticholinergic and antihistamine used as an antiparkinsonian agent.
Piroheptine was observed to prevent the reuptake of dopamine and is therefore a DRI.
Piroheptine comes from a family of drugs that includes pridefine and etifelmine.
# John McCarthy (athlete)

John McCarthy is a paralympic athlete from Ireland competing mainly in category F32/51 club throw and discus throw events.
McCarthy competed in the club throw and discus throw at both the 2004 and 2008 Summer Paralympics, winning the silver medal in the discus in 2004.
# John Obert Voll

John Obert Voll is an American scholar of Islam and Professor Emeritus of Islamic History at Georgetown University in Washington, DC.

## Biography

After graduating from Dartmouth College, Voll earned a master's degree in Middle Eastern studies and a doctorate in history and Middle Eastern studies from Harvard University. Before coming to Georgetown, he spent thirty years teaching Middle Eastern and international history at the University of New Hampshire. He has served as president of both the Middle East Studies Association and the New England Historical Association. Voll has served on the boards of directors of the American Council of Learned Societies, the Sudan Studies Association, the World History Association, the New Hampshire Humanities Council, and the New Hampshire Council on World Affairs. He has lived in Sudan, Egypt, Lebanon, and Israel, and has conducted research on Islamic movements in Sub-Saharan Africa, East and Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.

## Works

* Eightteenth Century Revival and Reform in Islam edited with Nehemia Levtzion
* Islam: Continuity and Change in the Modern World
* Islam and Democracy after the Arab Spring with John Esposito and Tamara Sonn
* Makers of Contemporary Islam with John Esposito
* Islam and Democracy with John L. Esposito
* Historical Dictionary of the Sudan with Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban and Richard Lobban
* The Sudan: Unity and Diversity in a Multicultural Society with Sarah Potts Voll
# Piotr Pawlicki

Piotr Pawlicki may refer to:
* Piotr Pawlicki Sr. (born 1963), Polish speedway rider
* Piotr Pawlicki Jr. (born 1994), Polish speedway rider, son of the above
# John Parker (Jacobite)

John Parker (c.1651 – in or after 1719) was an English army officer and Jacobite conspirator.

## Life

His father William Parker was excise commissioner in 1652–3, and later a physician at Margate; his mother was Judith, daughter of Roger Beckwith of Aldborough, Yorkshire. Their first known ancestor was John Parker, Master of the Rolls in Ireland (died 1564), a native of Tenterden in Kent, who went to Ireland about 1540 and became both a senior judge and a substantial landowner in that country.
In 1676 he was appointed captain of a company in the Duke of Monmouth's regiment in France, and in 1678 he became captain in James, Duke of York's regiment. In 1681 he was brigadier-lieutenant, in 1683 lieutenant in the Guards, in 1685 captain of horse; later in that year he was major of Lord Arran's cavalry regiment, and in 1687 lieutenant-colonel.
Parker followed James II into exile at St. Germain, and to Ireland where he served with James' Jacobite Irish Army. He was wounded at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690, where his troop of cavalry sustained heavy losses.
Arrested in London in 1693 as a party to an assassination plot against William III, planned to take place in Flanders, Parker escaped. In May 1694 he was again taken, in Bloomsbury, and sent to the Tower of London, where he was kept in close confinement, and denied writing materials. He had been implicated in the Sieur de Grandval's confession, and in June 1694 a true bill was found against him, but the trial was postponed. On 11 August, Sir John Friend having bribed a warder, Parker escaped, and a reward was offered for his apprehension.
In the aftermath of the Jacobite assassination plot 1696, Parker was repeatedly mentioned in the trials of Robert Charnock and Friend. In October 1696 he accompanied the Duke of Berwick to London. Berwick contacted his mother Arabella Churchill, who informed on Parker, who had to flee to France.
In 1702 Louis XIV ordered the arrest of Parker, who by unguarded talk had annoyed Mary of Modena and her favourite Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton. He was confined in the Bastille from 16 August 1702 till June 1704. On his release, he was forbidden to visit St. Germain. He made offers to change sides via Caillaud, an agent of the English government. He was back in favour in 1708, and is thought to have died after his correspondence with William Dicconson ceased, in 1719.

## Family

Parker was married twice. By his first wife Johanna Rouse, he had two sons, Gervais Parker and Christopher. They did not follow him into exile, but attained high ranks in the British army and navy.
# John Strachey (priest)

John Strachey (1737–1818) was Archdeacon of Suffolk from 5 March 1781 until his death on 17 December 1818.

## Life

Strachey was born in Edinburgh on 30 July 1737, the second son of Henry Strachey of Sutton Court, and younger brother of Sir Henry Strachey, 1st Baronet. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1760 and became Chaplain to Philip Yonge, Bishop of Norwich of Erwarton from 1801 to 1835. He held livings at Erpingham and Thwaite.
Strachey was an Honorary Chaplain to the King from 1774 until his death at Ramsgate. He was the preacher of the Rolls Chapel, from 1783 to 1817.

## Antiquarian

Strachey was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London. He saw through the press the 1777 edition of the Rolls of Parliament (Edward I to Henry VII, partial). He also began an index and glossary to the Rolls. It was continued by John Pridden, with John Calder; and completed by Edward Upham, with publication in 1832.

## Family

Strachey married Anne Wombwell (died 1836), daughter of George Wombwell. They had five sons, two of whom died young, and five daughters. The sons included John Strachey (1773–1808) and George Strachey (1776–1849), both judges in India. The third son to reach adulthood, Christopher Strachey (1778–1855), was a naval captain.
Of the daughters, Eliza married in 1814 Barlow Trecothick, of Addington Place. He was the son of James Ivers Trecothick and his wife Susanna Edmondstone, and great-nephew of Barlow Trecothick the Lord Mayor of London. Elizabeth (died 1875), a diarist, married Thomas Henry Ernst of Westcombe; Ernst (1774–1855) was in the East India Company service from 1792 to 1811, and bought the Westcombe estate at the end of the 1810s.
# John Strachey (journalist)

John St Loe Strachey (9 February 1860 – 26 August 1927), was a British journalist and newspaper proprietor.

## Life

Strachey was the second son of Sir Edward Strachey, 3rd Baronet, and his wife Mary Isabella (née Symonds), and the brother of Edward Strachey, 1st Baron Strachie, and Henry Strachey. He was educated at Eton College and Balliol College, Oxford, and later called to the Bar, but chose to take up journalism as his profession. Between 1887 and 1925, he was editor of The Spectator. He was a close friend and confidant of the diplomat, Sir Cecil Spring Rice, with whom he corresponded for many years.
Strachey also edited (1896–1897) The Cornhill Magazine.
Strachey's son John became a Labour politician and government minister.
His daughter Amabel married the architect Clough Williams-Ellis.

## Publications

* The Adventure of Living : a Subjective Autobiography,
# Plagiomimicus tepperi

Plagiomimicus tepperi is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae (the owlet moths).
The MONA or Hodges number for Plagiomimicus tepperi is 9755.
# Planet Zero (song)

"Planet Zero" is a song by American rock band Shinedown. It was released on January 26, 2022 as the lead single from their seventh studio album of the same name. It topped the Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs chart in March 2022, remaining there for eight weeks.

## Background

The song was released on January 26, 2022 as the first single from the band's seventh studio album, Planet Zero, which was announced on the same day. In March 2022, the song topped the Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs chart. The song was their 17th to do so, breaking their tie with Three Days Grace for the most number ones in the chart's history. A music video for the song was released the same day, directed by Charles De Meyer. The video depicts a dystopian future where cancel culture has taken over, and ends with the interlude "Welcome".

## Themes and composition

The song was described as "loud and bursting with energy" by Loudwire, calling its production "much more stripped down in terms of sound." Addressing a suggestion by frontman Brent Smith that the record would be controversial, they said, "this song definitely touches upon some themes that are sure to get the wheels turning."

## Personnel

* Brent Smith – vocals
* Zach Myers – guitar
* Eric Bass – bass
* Barry Kerch – drums
# Plain Brown Wrapper (album)

Plain Brown Wrapper is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Gary Morris. It was released on August 18, 1986, via Warner Bros. The album includes the singles "Honeycomb', "Leave Me Lonely" and "Plain Brown Wrapper", the album's title track.

## Personnel

Adapted from liner notes.
* Jamie Brantley - guitar, background vocals
* Steve Brantley - bass guitar, background vocals
* Mike Brigham - drums
* Mark Casstevens - guitar, banjo, mandolin
* Jerry Douglas - dobro, lap steel guitar
* Gary Hooker - guitar, background vocals
* Edgar Meyer - string bass
* Gary Morris - lead vocals, background vocals
* Mark O'Connor - violin, mandolin
* Howard Simpers - falling star
* Paul Worley - guitar

## Chart performance

| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 9 |
# John Townsend

John Townsend may refer to:
* John Townsend (author) (born 1952), American psychologist and author
* John Townsend (basketball) (1916–2001), American basketball player
* John Townsend (MP for Greenwich) (1819–1892), British politician and member of Parliament for Greenwich
* John Townsend (educator) (1757–1826), English Congregationalist minister and founder of school for deaf children
* John Townsend (footballer) (born 1943), Australian rules footballer
* John Townsend (Irish politician) (1737–1810), Irish MP for Dingle, Doneraile and Castlemartyr
* John Townsend (mayor) (1783–1854), 37th mayor of Albany, NY
* John Townsend (MP for Warwick), English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1597 to 1614
* John Townsend (New York City) (1789–1863), New York politician
* John Townsend (Oyster Bay) (1608–1668), early settler of the American colonies
* John Townsend (Wisconsin politician) (born 1938), Wisconsin politician
* Johnny Townsend (American football) (born 1995), American football player
* John Townsend (1732–1809), cabinet maker of the Goddard and Townsend style
* John G. Townsend Jr. (1871–1964), American businessman and politician, governor and senator from Delaware
* John Kirk Townsend (1809–1851), American naturalist
* John P. Townsend (1832–1898), American financier
* John Rowe Townsend (1922–2014), British children's author
* John Richard Townsend (1930–2013), British painter
* John Sealy Townsend (1868–1957), Irish physicist
* John Selby Townsend (1824–1892), American Democrat legislator and jurist from Iowa
* John Townsend (musician), musician with the Sanford-Townsend Band
# John Townsend (Irish politician)

John Townsend (1737 – 4 August 1810) was an Irish politician.
He was the third son of Richard Townsend, son of Bryan Townsend, and his second wife Elizabeth Beecher, daughter of Henry Beecher and granddaughter of Thomas Beecher. In 1783, Townsend entered the Irish House of Commons for Dingle, the same constituency his brother Richard Townsend had also represented, and sat for it until 1797. In the following year he was elected for Doneraile and Castlemartyr (Parliament of Ireland constituency), representing the latter until the Act of Union in 1801.
In 1769, he married Mary Morris, daughter of Jonas Morris. They had four daughters and four sons.
# Plangia

Plangia is a genus of insect in family Tettigoniidae. In Afrikaans they are generally known as krompokkels, roughly meaning "little fat hunchbacks"; this name refers to their arched dorsal profile. The genus is indigenous to Sub-Saharan Africa. It includes the following species:
* Plangia albolineata
* Plangia deminuta
* Plangia compressa
* Plangia graminea
* Plangia guttatipennis
* Plangia karschi
* Plangia laminifera
* Plangia nebulosa
* Plangia ovalifolia
* Plangia segonoides
* Plangia unimaculata
* Plangia venata
* Plangia villiersi

## Description

Typical Plangia species are moderate-sized katydids, fairly effective green leaf mimics, that lay their fairly large, flattened oval eggs under bark, or in individual incisions in the edges of leaves of their food plants. They make the incisions into the leaf parenchyma, between, and parallel to, the dorsal and ventral leaf epidermis. The ovipositor is specialised for the purpose and it has a peculiar shape rather like the curved blade of a field hockey stick. In this respect the ovipositor differs from most other katydids, that tend to have straight, sometimes very long, ovipositors.
The best-known pest species is Plangia graminea, a lightly built katydid; it is not of much commercial or agricultural importance, seldom worth controlling, but sometimes causes damage to foliage in vineyards and gardens.
# John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone

Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, 2nd Baronet (28 August 1799 – 24 February 1869) was a British Member of Parliament.
Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone was the son of Sir Richard Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, 1st Baronet. He succeeded as second Baronet in 1807, at the age of seven, on the death of his father. In 1830 he was elected to the House of Commons for Yorkshire as a Whig, a seat he held until the constituency was abolished in 1832. The latter year he was returned for Scarborough. During the 1835 parliament he defected from the Whigs to the Conservatives, and lost his seat in 1837, but regained it in 1841, and continued to represent the constituency until his death 28 years later. However, from 1857 he sat as a Liberal.
Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone married Louisa Augusta Venables-Vernon-Harcourt (1804–1869), daughter of the Most Reverend Edward Harcourt, Archbishop of York.
He was elected as a Vice-President of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society in 1824.
He died, from injuries in a hunting accident, in February 1869, aged 69, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son Harcourt, who also succeeded him as Member of Parliament for Scarborough and who was elevated to the peerage as Baron Derwent in 1881. Lady Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone survived her husband by less than half a year, and died in August 1869.
# Pittsburgh Lyceum (American football)

The Pittsburgh Lyceum was an American football team that was based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from about 1899 to 1910.

## History

The Lyceum fielded its first football team no later than 1899. The team in subsequent years played against many of the top "Ohio League" teams, the most notable being the Canton Bulldogs and the Massillon Tigers. It was regarded as one of the top professional football teams in Pittsburgh from 1907 until 1909.
Originally comprising amateur players, the Lyceum attracted suspicion of professionalism over the years as it grew stronger. According to The Pittsburgh Post in 1906, the team was still "purely an amateur organization" albeit one that was "in the class of the big professional teams". When trying to arrange a game against the Western University of Pennsylvania that season, the Lyceum was turned down on the basis that they were a professional team, a charge that the Lyceum denied. Football historian Bob Carroll referred to the Lyceum, at least in the seasons of 1907 to 1909, as a pro team.
The Lyceum was the last pro football championship team that Pittsburgh would produce until the 1970s. Many of its victories came against the strongest teams in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio; hence, it was given the moniker, the "Tri-State Champions," in 1909.
The team was finally defeated in 1909, an upset by the Dayton Oakwoods in its final game of 1909. The Lyceum then broke up after a disappointing 1910 season.
The multi-sport Lyceum organization that the football team represented continued to exist, however, and a new football team was organized in 1924. One of the players on this team was Art Rooney, who went on to establish the Pittsburgh Steelers and become enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

## Main organization

The main Pittsburgh Lyceum club, of which the football team was one branch, was founded in November 1897 as a means to provide activities for young men. Its original home was in downtown Pittsburgh in the basement of the old St. Paul Cathedral (at the later site of the Union Trust Building). When St. Paul's closed in 1903, the Lyceum moved into a new clubhouse near the Church of the Epiphany.
The Lyceum was active in football, basketball, baseball, hockey, handball, track and boxing. It was especially known for the champion boxers who trained there, including Harry Greb, Fritzie Zivic and Billy Conn. The club placed an ice hockey team in the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League, the first or one of the first professional hockey leagues. Apart from sports, the club supported a drama society and held lectures, night classes, and various social activities.
The Lyceum building was demolished in 1957 as part of the redevelopment of the Lower Hill District.
# John Temple-Smith

John Temple-Smith (18 November 1923–2010) was a British film producer and writer.
Director Peter Graham Scott called him "a master of low cost" in movie making, adding "John was a curious man, very intellectual and well educated, yet he had this gift for begging and borrowing. He wanted to be a top producer."

## Filmography

* Home to Danger (1951) - story
* Black Orchid (1953) - script
* The Girl on the Pier (1953) - producer
* Profile (1954) - producer, story
* One Way Out (1955) - producer, story
* Find the Lady (1956) - producer
* The Hideout (1956) - producer
* Account Rendered (1957) - producer
* The Big Chance (1957) - producer
* Subway in the Sky (1959) - producer
* It Takes a Thief (1960) aka The Challenge - producer
* Kraft Mystery Theatre (1961-63) - producer
* Night Creatures (1962) aka Captain Clegg - producer
* The Viking Queen (1967) - producer, story
* The Island of Dr Moreau (1977) - producer