OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kanasket

Kanasket (alternately spelled Kanaskat) was a chief of the Klickitat people. He was present at the signing of the Treaty of Medicine Creek, and participated in the Puget Sound War, fighting against white settlers and the U.S. Army.
At Medicine Creek, Kanasket protested what he saw as a bad deal for the Nisqually tribe, and told their chief, Leschi (c. 1808-1858). Those present told him to leave, stating "You are half-Klickitat; you have nothing to say; the treaty is made." In September 1855, Kanasket and Chief Leschi met with officials of Washington Territory at Muckleshoot Prairie, but the outcome is not known. Later, after the start of the Puget Sound War, along with Quiemuth (half brother of Leschi, c.1798-1856) of the Mishalpam ("Mashel River People") or Mica'l Band of Nisqually, Chief Kitsap of the Muckleshoot, and Powhowtish, Kanasket was credited with leading a group of 80 warriors that attacked an army camp, killing Lieutenant William A. Slaughter. In this same attack, two corporals and a private were killed, as well as three privates being wounded.
On February 29, 1856, Kanasket was leading a group towards an army camp at Lemmon's Prairie, when they were spotted by a Private Kehl. Kehl shot Kanasket, who was at the lead of the group. Kanasket was paralyzed from the waist down from being shot in the spine. His companions fled, while he was dragged into the camp. Carrying on him a Kentucky rifle, a spear, and a butcher knife, Kanasket attempted to attack with the knife, but was subdued by two men. When one of the soldiers recognized him, Kanasket said in the Chinook jargon, "Kanasket-Tyee-mamalouse nica-nica mamalouse Bostons" ("I'm Kanasket, chief, kill me, for I kill Bostons"). He reportedly went on to state "My heart is wicked towards the whites, and always will be, and you had better kill me." Silas Casey ordered that he be hung, and he began to yell out in his own language, and Erasmus Keyes presumed he was yelling for help, as two shots had been fired at the camp, so Corporal O'Shaughnessy shot him in the head.

## Legacy

Several places bear Kanasket's name. Washington has a settlement called Kanaskat, and a nearby state park titled Kanaskat-Palmer State Park.
# Koeleria vallesiana

Koeleria vallesiana, the Somerset hair grass, is a grass species of the genus Koeleria. It grows in Europe, temperate Asia, and North America.

## References and external links

* GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora
* This Pooideae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Vokesimurex yuhsiuae

Vokesimurex yuhsiuae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Philippines and Vanuatu
# Hawker P.V.4

The Hawker P.V.4 was a 1930s British biplane aircraft built by Hawker Aircraft in competition for a government order for a general-purpose military aircraft.

## Design and development

In 1931, the British Air Ministry issued a their Specification G.4/31 for a "Standard General Purpose" aircraft. The duties were to include liaison, bombing (both day and night), dive bombing, torpedo bombing, and reconnaissance.
As none of the competing prototypes ordered for the competition could carry out all of the roles, and as individually aircraft of the Hawker Hart series could perform most of these duties, with the Hart having excellent handling in a dive, Hawkers decided to base their entry on the Hind development of the Hart. They built the P.V.4 as a private venture (i.e., with their own money) as a two-seat light bomber; although the bomb load of 570 lb (259 kg) was the same as the Hart, the reinforced fuselage and wings allowed the P.V.4 to dive with this load.

## Testing

The P.V.4 was first flown from the Brooklands airfield on 6 December 1934. The Bristol Pegasus III engine was initially used, but this was changed to the Pegasus X in 1935. In trials, it proved to be the only one of the competitors to be fully suitable for dive-bombing; unfortunately, because of its cross-axle undercarriage, it could not carry a torpedo. The dive bombing duty was dropped from the specification, however, so the aircraft had little extra to offer and it lost out to the Vickers Wellesley monoplane which entered production.
Only one aircraft was built. This was eventually used for spinning tests, and then sent to Bristol Aeroplane to be used as an engine test bed, with several other engines being installed. The Finnish Air Force in the 1930s, evaluated different dive bombers including the Hawker P.V.4, eventually choosing the Fokker C.X light bomber. The sole P.V.4 prototype was struck off charge on 29 March 1939.

## Specification (with the Pegasus X engine)

Data from The British Bomber since 1914
General characteristics
* Crew: two
* Length: 29 ft 10 in (9.09 m)
* Wingspan: 40 ft 0 in (12.19 m)
* Height: 11 ft 10 in (3.61 m)
* Wing area: 348 sq ft (32.3 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 3,728 lb (1,691 kg)
* Gross weight: 6,650 lb (3,016 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Bristol Pegasus X nine-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 690 hp (510 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed Watts wooden propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 183 mph (295 km/h, 159 kn) at 6,600 ft (2,000 m)
* Range: 460 mi (740 km, 400 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 23,700 ft (7,200 m)
* Time to altitude: 6 min 45 s to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
Armament
* Guns:
** 1 x Vickers machine gun installed in the nose.
** 1 x Lewis gun mounted in the rear cockpit.
* Bombs: 500 lb (230 kg) of bombs
# Monsonia emarginata

Monsonia emarginata is a species of plant in the family Geraniaceae native to southern Africa.

## Description

Monsonia emarginata is an annual or occasionally perennial shrub. Leaves are green and the flowers are white.
# Horse length

A horse length, or simply length, is a unit of measurement for the length of a horse from nose to tail, approximately 8 feet (2.4 m).

## Use in horse racing

The length is commonly used in Thoroughbred horse racing, where it describes the distance between horses in a race. Horses may be described as winning by several lengths, as in the notable example of Secretariat, who won the 1973 Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths. In 2013, the New York Racing Association placed a blue-and-white checkered pole at Belmont Park to mark that winning margin; using Equibase's official measurement of a length—8 feet 2 inches (2.49 m)—the pole was placed 253 feet 2 inches (77.17 m) from the finish line.
More often, winning distances are merely a fraction of a length, such as half a length. In British horse racing, the distances between horses are calculated by converting the time between them into lengths by a scale of lengths-per-second. The actual number of lengths-per-second varies according to the type of race and the going conditions. For example, in a flat turf race run on good going, a value of six lengths-per-second is used; in a national hunt race on heavy going, where horses are assumed to be moving more slowly, the value is four lengths-per-second.

## Other measures

Distances smaller than that are similarly described in reference to the equine body with terms such as a "neck", and a "head", a "short head" or "nose", the smallest possible named advantage by which a horse can win. In Ireland a margin of more than 30 lengths is described as a "distance". In the United Kingdom, the maximum recognised distance is 99 lengths, with anything over this being referred to as "99+ lengths". In France the term "short neck" is used for a margin intermediate between a head and a neck. Harness race finishing margins are typically measured in meters.

## Other uses

These terms are used in other disciplines of equestrianism as well. It is particularly useful as a guide for riders in spacing animals apart when a number of them are all together in a riding arena such as during group riding instruction or at a horse show.

## Abbreviations

In reporting result of horse races winning margins are commonly abbreviated:
United States Abbreviations :
| Margin | Abbreviation |
| Nose | ns |
| Head | hd |
| Neck | nk |
| Half a length | 1/2 |
| Three quarters of a length | 3/4 |
European Abbreviations :
| Margin | Abbreviation |
| Nose | nse |
| Short head | sh |
| Head | hd |
| Short neck | snk |
| Neck | nk |
| Half a length | ½L |
| Three-quarters of a length | ¾L |
| One length | 1L |
| Distance | dst |
# Iris laevigata

Iris laevigata, known as Japanese iris, rabbit-ear iris, or shallow-flowered iris (Japanese: kakitsubata カキツバタ), is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae, native to Japan. It is related to other members of Iris subgenus Limniris, including other species of Japanese irises.
It is found growing in shallow waters and seems to prefer marshy and still ponds, although it can also be grown in damp soil if conditions are right. Flowers are usually blue, purple or violet and have unique colour patterns including some types with predominantly white flowers with blue spots (washino-o), and dark purples bordered with white (maikujaku).
Synonyms include I. albopurpurea and I. phragmitetorum.

## Cultivation

Iris laevigata differs from other Japanese irises mainly in being more dependent on water and in lacking the strong midrib of the foliage. When grown from seeds, it usually germinates in 30–545 days although even under good conditions germination may be erratic. Seeds are sown about 6 mm deep in a peaty seed sowing mix at about 15–20 °C with frequent watering. Some varieties are almost ever-blooming even in mild climates, which makes it a good candidate for water gardens in temperate zones.
This plant has been cultivated in Japan for more than a thousand years and some varieties mentioned in Japanese gardening books in the late 17th century are still in existence.
The variegated cultivar I. laevigata 'Variegata' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

## History and culture

In Chiryū (知立市, Chiryū-shi) (Aichi prefecture, Japan) one can find an example of a water garden in the Yatsuhashi Kakitsubata Garden (八橋かきつばた園) at the Muryojuji Temple which has been known for its kakitsubata garden since the Heian period and is also the place where the Japanese poet Ariwara no Narihira wrote a poem in the Ise Monogatari using the five initial letters of Ka-Ki-Tsu-Ba-Ta. The poem goes:
   KArakoromo KItsutsu narenishi TSUma shi areba HArubaru kinuru TAbi wo shi zo omou (HA can also be read BA).
The kakitsubata is the prefectural flower of Aichi prefecture as well as of Chiryū City. Each year at the end of April a festival is held in the temple garden as a celebration of the flowering and attracts about 250,000 visitors each year.
The Nezu Museum in Aoyama, in central Tokyo, possesses a pair of National Treasure screens painted by Ogata Korin, Irises, the most famous depiction of kakitsubata in art. The screens are placed on display mid-April to mid-May every year, when the kakitsubata are in bloom in the pond in the museum garden.
# Quiricus

Quiricus may refer to:
* Saint Quiricus, see Cyricus and Julitta
* Quiricus (bishop of Toledo) (died 680), metropolitan bishop of Toledo from about 667
* Quiricus (bishop of Barcelona), bishop of Barcelona from 648 until about 667
# Guhr

Guhr or Gühr is a German language surname. It stems from a reduced form of the male given name Gregory – and may refer to:
* Carl Guhr (1787–1848), German violinist
* Christin Gühr (1982), German female volleyball player
* Richard Guhr (1873–1956), German sculptor and painter
# Pochon Line

The Poch'ŏn Line, also known as Paektusan Rimch'ŏl Line (Mount Paektu Forestry Line), is a former partially electrified narrow gauge line of the Korean State Railway in Ryanggang Province, North Korea, running from Karim on the Samjiyŏn Line to Ryanggang Taep'yŏng.

## History

Opened around the same time as the connecting Samjiyŏn Line, extensive flooding in 1994 led to the closure of the line.
In August 1980, Kim Il Sung ordered the construction of a new east–west transversal trunk line in the extreme north of the country. To accomplish this, railway engineers planned the new line, called the Pukpu Line, connecting Manp'o in the west with Hoeryŏng in the east to make use of parts of existing lines where possible to reduce the amount of new construction needed. Construction of this line was to take place in three stages. The first stage, completed in 1988, extended the former Unbong Line to Hyesan, resulting in the current Pukpu Line; the second stage was to have connected Hyesan to Musan on the Musan Line, and the third stage was to have connected Musan to Hoeryŏng on the Hambuk Line.
Construction of the second stage was to have made use of parts of existing lines in several places. From Hyesan to Wiyŏn it was to have shared the existing standard gauge trackage of the Paektusan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line. The plan also included the conversion to standard gauge of four sections of existing narrow gauge lines: from Wiyŏn to Karim, the existing section of the Samjiyŏn line was to have been regauged; from Karim to Poch'ŏn the existing section of the Poch'ŏn Line was to have been regauged, from Rimyŏngsu to Motka, the remaining portion of the Samjiyŏn Line was to have been converted, and from Hŭngam to Musan the existing section of the narrow gauge Paengmu Line was to have been regauged. Then, new track was to be laid between Poch'ŏn and Rimyŏngsu and between Motka and Hŭngam to connect the regauged sections into a complete line. Although some initial work was started on the second stage, the DPRK's financial crisis of the 1990s led to the project being suspended.

## Route

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified; a pink background indicates that section is 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge; an orange background indicates that section is non-electrified narrow gauge.
| Distance (km) | Distance (km) | Station Name | Station Name | Former Name | Former Name | |
| Total | S2S | Transcribed | Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja) | Transcribed | Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja) | Connections |
| 0.0 | 0.0 | Karim | 가림 (佳林) | | | Samjiyŏn Line |
| 3.3 | 3.3 | Poch'ŏn | 보천 (普天) | | | Closed. |
| 5.7 | 2.4 | Konjangdŏk | 곤장덕 (棍杖德) | | | Closed. |
| 10.2 | 4.5 | Naegok | 내곡 (內曲) | | | Closed. |
| 15.6 | 5.4 | Onsu | 온수 (溫水) | | | Closed. |
| 20.9 | 5.3 | Taejin | 대진 (大鎭) | | | Closed. |
| 24.8 | 3.9 | Ryŏsu | 려수 (麗水) | | | Closed. |
| 31.5 | 6.7 | Ryanggang Taep'yŏng | 량강대평 (兩江大坪) | P'yŏngmul | 평물 (-) | Closed. |
# Philip Zandén

Philip Zandén (born 23 July 1954) is a Swedish actor. He has appeared in more than 60 films and television shows since 1981. He is the brother of actress Jessica Zandén. Through his marriage to the Danish filmmaker Susanne Bier, he is the father of the actress Alice Bier Zandén.

## Partial filmography

* Jönssonligan och Dynamit-Harry (1982) - Direktörsassistenten
* Mamma (1982) - Arne
* Ronia, the Robber's Daughter (1984) - Adelsherre
* False as Water (1985) - Jens
* Stilleben (1985) - The young man
* The Mozart Brothers (1986) - Flemming
* Amorosa (1986) - Adolf von Krusenstjerna
* Lethal Film (1988) - Lucho
* Jungfruresan (1988) - Lindqvist
* Nallar och människor (1989) - (voice)
* Codename Coq Rouge (1989) - Appeltoft
* The Guardian Angel (1990) - Jacob
* Riktiga män bär alltid slips (1991) - Felix
* The Boys from St. Petri (1991) - Jacob 'Rosen' Rosenheim
* Freud's Leaving Home (1991) - David Cohen
* Brev til Jonas (1992)
* Dreaming of Rita (1993) - Steff
* Black Harvest (1993) - Isidor Seemann
* Det bli'r i familien (1993) - Jan
* Like It Never Was Before (1995) - Superintendent
* Jomfruene i Riga (1996)
* Sånt är livet (1996) - Stef Bäckman
* Credo (1997) - Inspektøren
* The Prompter (1999) - Tubaisten
* Faithless (2000) - Martin Goldman
* Amatørene (2001) - Iver
* Humørkortstativsælgerens søn (2002) - Staffan
* Open Hearts (2002) - Tommy
* Doxa (2005) - Ingemar
* Den utvalde (2005) - Kjell
* Min frus förste älskare (2006) - Robert
* Moreno and the Silence (2006) - Reinhart
* Suddenly (2006) - Simon
* Beck – Den japanska shungamålningen (2007, TV Series) - Malte Beverin
* Så olika (2009) - Joel Adler
* Retrace (2011) - Steve
* Love Is All You Need (2012) - Male Doctor
* Disciple (2013) - Lotskapten Hallström
* Serena (2014) - Calhoun
* Micke & Veronica (2014) - Tommy
* Under pyramiden (2016) - Arthur Ramsby
* Jag älskar dig - En skilsmässokomedi (2016) - Chefen
* Kungen av Atlantis (2019) - Magnus
* 438 dagar (2019) - Carl Bildt
# Up for Grabs

Up for Grabs may refer to:
* Up for Grabs (play), a play by David Williamson
* Up for Grabs (film), a 2004 comedic documentary
* Up for Grabs (album), a 1981 album by The Radiators
* Up For Grabs (board game), a variation of Anagrams, a word game played with letter tiles
* Up for Grabs...Live, an album by Spin Doctors
* Up for Grabs (video game), a game developed by Don Priestley for the ZX Spectrum
# Forst

Forst may refer to:

## Communities
### In Germany

* Forst (Aachen) [de], in the district of Aachen
* Forst (Baden), in Baden-Württemberg
* Forst (Lausitz), in Brandenburg
* Forst (Unterfranken), part of Schonungen, Bavaria
* Forst, Altenkirchen, in the district of Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Forst (Eifel), in the district Cochem-Zell, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Forst (Hunsrück), in the district Cochem-Zell, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Forst an der Weinstraße, in the district of Bad Dürkheim, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Forst, Lower Saxony, a district of Bevern, known for its residents Roedelius and Moebius in the 1970s

### In Italy

* Forst (Foresta), a frazione in the comune of Algund (Lagundo) in South Tyrol, Italy

### In Switzerland

* Forst, Switzerland, in the Canton of Bern

## People

* Donald Forst (1932–2014), American newspaper editor
* David Forst (born 1976), American baseball executive
* Grete Forst (1878–1942), Austrian soprano
* Judith Forst (born 1943), Canadian mezzo-soprano
* Rainer Forst (born 1964), German philosopher
* Willi Forst (1903–1980), Austrian actor, screenwriter, film director, film producer and singer

## Other uses

* Forst (brewery), a brewing company from Forst (Foresta) in South Tyrol, Italy
* Forst, an album by the Austrian slowcore band Mimi Secue released 2004
* Forst (TV series), a 2024 Polish television series
# Noda, Kagoshima

Noda (野田町, Noda-chō) was a town located in Izumi District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,913 and a density of 160.56 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 30.60 km$^2$.
On March 13, 2006, Noda, along with the town of Takaono (also from Izumi District), was merged into the expanded city of Izumi and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Irish News Cup

The Irish News Cup was a "north-south" association football competition in Ireland involving teams from the Irish League and League of Ireland mostly located in the north-west of the island. It is thus not counted among the major all-Ireland cup tournaments, since neither League champions nor Cup winners were involved. (Derry City did win the League of Ireland title in 1996-97). It was sponsored by the Irish News and also referred to as the Irish News North West Cup. It lasted four seasons.
# Kangsabati River

Kangsabati River (Pron:/ˌkæŋsəˈbɑːtɪ/) (also variously known as the Kãsai and Cossye) rises from the Chota Nagpur plateau in the state of West Bengal, India and passes through the districts of Purulia, Bankura, Jhargram , Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur in West Bengal before draining in the Bay of Bengal.

## Course

The river's headwaters are on the Chota Nagpur Plateau in Purulia district, near the city of Jhalda, where the smaller rivers Saharjhor and Girgiri join together. From there, it passes through Bankura district, passing the towns of Purulia, Khatra and Ranibandh. At Binpur it is joined by the Bhairabbanki, and at Keshpur the river splits into two.
The northern branch flows through the Daspur area, where it is known as the Palashpai Canal. This branch eventually flows into the Rupnarayan River. The other branch, still called the Kangsabati, flows in a south-easterly direction. Eventually, it meets the Keleghai River, and the junction of the two forms the Haldi River, which flows into the Bay of Bengal at Haldia.

## Kangsabati Project

In 1956, the Indian government launched the Kangsabati Irrigation Project (also called the Kangsabati Reservoir Project) to provide water for the irrigation of Bankura, Hooghly, and Midnapore districts (the last now partitioned into Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur districts). To facilitate this, Mukutmanipur Dam was constructed at the border of Purulia and Bankura districts near Mukutmanipur, creating a large reservoir. It is an earthen gravity dam with a concrete saddle spillway, standing 38 metres (125 ft) high and 10,098 m (33,130 ft) long with a gross storage capacity of 1.04 cubic kms (36.73 tmcft). Prior to this project, an anicut dam built on the Kangsabati River near Midnapore in 1784 was the sole irrigational structure on the river. As of August 2008, the dam provided water to just under 3,500 square kilometres (1,400 sq mi) of land.
# Kodaira (surname)

Kodaira (written: 小平) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kunihiko Kodaira (小平 邦彦, 1915–1997), Japanese mathematician and Fields medalist
* Nao Kodaira (小平 奈緒, born 1986), Japanese speed skater and Olympic gold medalist
* Tadamasa Kodaira (小平 忠正, born 1942), Japanese politician
* Yoshinao Kodaira (小平 好直, 1918–2008), Japanese World War II flying ace
* Yoshio Kodaira (小平 義雄, 1905–1949), Japanese serial killer
* Yūki Kodaira (小平 有希, born 1981), Japanese voice actress
# Guhuoniao

The Guhuoniao is a legendary bird from Chinese folklore. It is described in ancient books such as Western Jin natural history book 玄中記, and the Ming period herbology book Bencao Gangmu, and in the Edo Period Japan book Wakan Sansai Zue.
They go by various names, such as yexingyounu (夜行遊女, nocturnal roaming woman), tidnadishaonu (天帝少女, celestial woman), and rumuniao (乳母鳥, nanny bird), and guiniao (鬼鳥, "demon bird"). It is said to be a kind of demonic spirit and often takes human lives. It is a monstrous bird that flies at night and harms infants, and its cry sounds like that of an infant. It lives mostly in Jingzhou, China. When it wears its fur, it transforms into a bird, and when it takes off its fur, it takes on the form of a woman.
They have a habit of taking other people's children and claiming them as their own, marking them with blood when they find them or their children's clothes dried at night. The marked child is instantly deprived of its soul and develops a disease called wugugan (無辜疳), which is a type of convulsion.
They share similarities with the “yuyinu” (羽衣女, feather-clad woman) in the Eastern Jin novel In Search of the Supernatural in the aspect of becoming a bird when she wears hair and a woman when she takes off her hair, and to the nuqi (女岐) of the Chu Ci in the aspect of stealing other people's children, so it is believed that the guhaoniao is a fusion of several Chinese legends. The Tang era Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang notes that guhaoniao are a pregnant woman who died in childbirth and turned into a bird, an idea also purported in the Bencao Gangmu.

## Relation to Japanese folklore

In Japan, there is a similar legend in Ibaraki Prefecture, where it is said that when a child's clothes is hung up to dry at night, a yokai called “ubamatori” would consider it to be the yokai's own child's clothes and mark those clothes with milk from the yokai's breasts, which said to be poisonous. This is believed to have originated from the Chinese mother-in-law bird, and it is believed that this comes from an intellectual bringing over information about the Chinese guhaoniao.
In Japan in the early parts of Edo period (which as 1603–1867), the Japanese yokai ubume was equated with the Chinese yaoguai, and the characters 姑獲鳥 would be read as "ubume," and this is believed to be because the ideas about ubume and the guhaoniao were mixed together and as legends pertaining to pregnant mothers.