OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tick dragging

Tick dragging is a method for collecting ticks used by parasitologists and other researchers studying tick populations in the wild.

## Method

To conduct a tick drag, a researcher uses a 1-square-metre (11 sq ft) strip of white cloth, usually corduroy, mounted on a pole that is tied to a length of rope. The researcher drags the cloth behind themselves through terrain that is suspected of harboring ticks, working in a grid-like pattern. They may also "flag" low-lying bushes and other vegetation by waving the cloth over them.
Tick dragging is one of several methods of harvesting wild ticks for study in the lab. In at least one trial, the tick dragging method proved more successful than more technologically innovative techniques, such as live-baited traps and CO$_2$-baited traps.
The dragging method is a useful way to collect ticks from a large area; CO$_2$ trapping is another method for localized sampling of ticks. Different species of tick also have variable sensitivity or responsiveness to this form of trapping, so its effectiveness can vary with the species of tick the researcher is interested in sampling.
The dragging method has been tested for its repeatability and reliability. It was concluded that the cloth-dragging technique is useful both for surveying ticks' and to estimate and compare abundance between years and areas.

## History

The practice of dragging a large white cloth across suspected tick-infested terrain is described in biological field guides from the early 20th century. More sophisticated methods have been developed, but the dragging method continues to be practised by researchers today.
# Vitamin S

Vitamin S may refer to:
* Salicylic acid, although not a vitamin, is sometimes called "vitamin S"
* a song by Jamaican dancehall musician Cham from his album Ghetto Story
* slang for anabolic steroids, particularly when illicitly provided and/or taken
# Vladislav Ivanov

Vladislav Ivanov may refer to:
* Vladislav Ivanov (footballer, born 1986), Russian footballer
* Vladislav Ivanov (footballer, born 1990), football player from Moldova
* Vladislav Ivanov (physicist) (born 1936), Soviet physicist
* Vladislav Ivanov (volleyball) (born 1987), Bulgarian volleyball player
# Fuwa District, Gifu

Fuwa (不破郡, Fuwa-gun) is a district located in Gifu Prefecture, Japan.
As of July 2011, the district has an estimated population of 36,426. The total area is 106.43 km$^2$.

## Towns and villages

* Sekigahara
* Tarui
# Lagoa Grande

Lagoa Grande may refer to the following places in Brazil:
* Lagoa Grande, Minas Gerais
* Lagoa Grande, Pernambuco
* Lagoa Grande do Maranhão, Maranhão
# Mobiluncus

Mobiluncus is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. These bacteria may be stained either Gram-negative or Gram-variable. However, they are classified as Gram-positive rods due to the fact that they possess a Gram-positive cell wall, lack endotoxin and are sensitive to vancomycin, erythromycin and ampicillin, but resistant to colistin.
These organisms are found in the human vagina, particularly in association with Gardnerella vaginalis in cases of bacterial vaginosis.
# Nautical Archaeology Association of South Australia

The Nautical Archaeological Association of South Australia (NAASA) was an amateur maritime archaeology organisation which was founded in 1982 by individuals who resigned from the Society for Underwater Historical Research (SUHR) in April 1982 following a dispute. The association is believed to have ceased operation in the early 1990s.

## Naming Controversy

The newly formed Association had proposed to be known as the Maritime Archaeology Association of South Australia. However, the SUHR quickly altered its official name to The Society for Underwater Historical Research (Maritime Archaeology Association of South Australia) Incorporated to prevent this action. The reason given by the SUHR for its action was that it ‘has been known interstate as the Maritime Archaeology Association of South Australia for some years.'

## HMS Buffalo wreck site discovery

In April 1986, NAASA participated in an expedition led by the South Australian Government's State Heritage Branch to search for and to survey the wreck of HMS Buffalo in Mercury Bay, Whitianga, New Zealand.
# Whangamarino River

The Whangamarino River is a lowland river of the Waikato Region of New Zealand's North Island, draining the Whangamarino Wetland and associated farmland catchment. The river converges with the Waikato River just north of Meremere. The main tributary is the Maramarua River, which starts in the Hunua Ranges and forms the northern catchment of the Whangamarino River.
The natural Whangamarino River system, especially the main branch (the southern catchment), has been highly modified due to the lower flood protection scheme of the lower Waikato River. Prior to these floodworks, the Whangamarino Catchment was unconnected with Lake Waikare. However, due to the Lower Waikato-Waipa Flood Control Scheme, constructed in the 1960s, Lake Waikare was transformed and used for flood retention storage when the nearby Waikato River was in flood. During flood events, the Waikato River now overflows into the transformed Lake Waikato via the Rangiriri Spillway (and the redirected Te Onetea Stream). When the Waikato River conditions are suitable, the flood waters are discharged from Lake Waikare into the Whangamarino River catchment through the artificial Pungarehu Canal.
While the flood scheme has permanently changed the ecology of Lake Waikare, it has also provided broader benefits for the community.

## Whangamarino Wetland

The Whangamarino River includes the large Whangamarino Wetland (5,193 hectares) which is the second largest bog and swamp wetland in the North Island of New Zealand (after the Kopuatai Peat Dome). Due to human activity of draining the wetland for farming and the impact of the flood control scheme, the size of the wetland is about half its natural size. The wetland includes peat bog, swampland, mesotrophic lags, and open water river systems are managed as both Wetland and Wildlife Management reserves by the Department of Conservation. Importantly, the Wetland is protected by under the Ramsar Convention (Wetland Protection Treaty).

## Bridges

The main crossings of the river are -
* SH2 on a 61.6 m (202 ft) bridge
* NIMT railway on a 150 m (490 ft) bridge
* SH1 on 39.7 m (130 ft) bridges built in 1981
# La Carrera (Siero)

La Carrera (43°23′0″N 5°41′0″W﻿ / ﻿43.38333°N 5.68333°W﻿ / 43.38333; -5.68333) is a parish in Siero, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located south of Highway N-634 and north of Highway A-64. The capital, Pola de Siero, is to the northeast.

## Villages and neighbourhoods

Following the 2011 Nomenclator, the parish of La Carrera is divided in these villages and neighbourhoods:
* El Berrón (3,473 inhabitants)
* La Carrera
* Ferrera
* Forfontía
* Les Granxes
* Mudarri (Mudarre)
* Nora (Ñora)
* La Parte
* Posada (Posá)
* Vega Muñiz (Vegamuñiz)
* Venta de Soto (La Venta Soto)
* Gijún (Xixún)
# Tanymecica xanthoplaca

Tanymecica xanthoplaca is a moth in the family Copromorphidae, and the only species in the genus Tanymecica. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.
The wingspan is about 30 mm. The forewings are pale fuscous, with darker fuscous streaks parallel to the veins and a few whitish dots. The basal half of the hindwings is pale-yellow and the terminal half dark-fuscous.
# Tanymecini

Tanymecini is a tribe of broad-nosed weevils in the beetle family Curculionidae, subfamily Entiminae.

## Subtribes and genera
### Piazomiina

* Achlainomus G. R. Waterhouse, 1853
* Aphaeromias Nasreddinov, 1978
* Atmetonychus Schönherr, 1840
* Dereodus Schönherr, 1823
* Dyscheres Pascoe, 1883
* Farsomias G.A.K. Marshall, 1944
* Geotragus Schönherr, 1845
* Herpisticus Germar, 1823
* Hyperomias G.A.K. Marshall, 1916
* Hypomeces Schönherr, 1823
* Indomias G.A.K. Marshall, 1941
* Kirgisomias Bajtenov, 1974
* Lepidospyris G.A.K. Marshall, 1916
* Lepropus Schönherr, 1823
* Leptomias Faust, 1886
* Meteutinopus Zumpt, 1931
* Molybdotus Fairmaire, 1882
* Odontomias Y-Q. Chen, 1991
* Orthomias Faust, 1885
* Pachynotus Kollar & L. Redtenbacher, 1844
* Parageotragus Magnano, 2009
* Piazomias Schönherr, 1840
* Polyclaeis Boheman, 1840
* Strophosomoides Aslam, 1966
* Sympiezomias Faust, 1887
* Triangulomias Y-Q. Chen, 1991
* Xizanomias Chao, 1980
* Xylinophorus Faust, 1885

### Tainophthalmina

* Amomphus Schönherr, 1848
* Amystax Roelofs, 1873
* Aspidiotes Schönherr, 1847
* Enaptorhinus G. R. Waterhouse, 1853
* Lechrioderus Faust, 1890
* Psalidimomphus Reitter, 1913
* Tainophthalmus Desbrochers, 1873

### Tanymecina

* Acrocoelopus G.A.K. Marshall, 1916
* Anemeroides G.A.K. Marshall, 1916
* Cercophorus Chevrolat, 1880
* Chlorophanus Schönherr in Sahlberg, 1823
* Cycloderes Schönherr in Sahlberg, 1823
* Diglossotrox Lacordaire, 1863
* Esamus Chevrolat, 1880
* Hauserella Reitter, 1903
* Krauseus Supare, 1990
* Megamecus Reitter, 1903
* Meotiorhynchus Sharp, 1896
* Mythecops Reitter, 1916
* Phacephorus Schönherr, 1840
* Phaenoderus Péringuey, 1892
* Protenomus Schoenherr, 1826
* Pseudotanymecus Voss, 1932
* Scepticus Roelofs, 1873
* Tanymecus Germar, 1817$^{icgb}$
* Xerodelphax Korotyaev, 1992

### Tanymecini incertae sedis

* Amotus Casey, 1888$^{icgb}$
* Hadromeropsis Pierce, 1913$^{icgb}$
* Homoeotrachelus Faust, 1886
* Isodacrys Sharp, 1911$^{icgb}$
* Isodrusus Sharp, 1911$^{cgb}$
* Miloderoides Van Dyke, 1936$^{icgb}$
* Minyomerus Horn in Leconte, 1876$^{icgb}$
* Pandeleteinus Champion, 1911$^{icgb}$
* Pandeleteius Schönherr, 1834$^{icgb}$
* Piscatopus Sleeper, 1960
* Trigonoscutoides O'Brien, 1977$^{icgb}$
* Scalaventer Howden, 1970$^{cgb}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Lowton East (ward)

Lowton East is an electoral ward in Leigh, England. It forms part of Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council, as well as the parliamentary constituency of Leigh.

## Councillors

As of May 2024, the ward is represented by three Labour Councillors, Jenny Gregory and Garry Lloyd and Mike Smith.
James Grundy, who in 2019 became the Conservative MP for the constituency was previously a councillor in the ward having been first elected to Lowton East in 2008.
# Tancrède de Visan

Tancrède de Visan (17 December 1878 in Lyon – October 1945 in Seyssinet aged 66) was the pen name of French writer Vincent Biétrix.

## Life

After studying at the College des Minimes in Lyon, Vincent Biétrix obtained a literature degree at the Sorbonne in Paris. Some time leading up to 1911, he attended the lectures of Bergson at the College de France and met regularly with the Cubists at the poet Paul Fort's soirees at the fashionable La Closerie des Lilas [fr]. He related Bergson's notion of "accumulated successive images" to the writings of Maurice Maeterlinck circa 1907, and in 1910 advocated the technique in Vers et Prose. But he gave up his studies at the Collège de France, and then contributed to various newspapers (Mercure de France, Revue du Temps présent, etc.).
He returned and settled in Lyon after World War I and from 1924 to 1939 was director of the magazine Notre carnet.

## Works

(selection)
* 1904: Paysages introspectifs, poésies, avec un essai sur le symbolisme, éditions H. Jouve, Paris, (LXXIX-152 p.) BnF 31593263d.
* 1908: Lettres a l'Elue. Confession d'un Intellectuel. Librairie Leon Vanier: Paris.
* 1908: Paul Bourget sociologue, Nouvelle librairie nationale.
* 1911: L'attitude du lyrisme contemporain : Francis Vielé-Griffin, Henri de Régnier, Émile Verhaeren, Maurice Maeterlinck, Paul Fort, Adrien Mithouard, Robert de Souza, Albert Mockel, Maurice Barrès, André Gide, Novalis, Henri Bergson, éditions Mercure de France, Paris. Reprinted in 2007, sous forme de fac-similé, par les éditions Eurédit, Paris, with a foreword by Paul Gorceix and preceded by Essai sur le symbolisme, 1 volume (CX-475 p.) ISBN 2-84830-098-1, BnF 411905408.
* 1910: Le Guignol lyonnais (with a preface by Jules Claretie), éditions Bloud, coll. « Bibliothèque régionaliste », Paris, (XII-104 p.), BnF 31593261q.
* 1922: Essai sur la tradition française, Rivière
* 1924: En regardant passer les vaches, éditions La Pensée française, Paris, (3rd edition), (368 p.), BnF 315932595.
* 1934: Perrache-Brotteaux (short stories), éditions Lugdunum, Lyon, (3rd edition), (319 p.), BnF 31593264r.
* 1936: Sous le signe du Lion (novel), éditions Denoël et Steele, Paris, (2nd edition), (277 p.), BnF 315932653.
* 1937: La vie passionnée d'André-Marie Ampère, éditions Archat, Lyon et Paris, (90 p.), BnF 40216475g.

### Preface

* 1910: Louise Labé, Les Élégies et sonnets de Louise Labé (preceded by a notice by Tancrède de Visan), éditions Sansot, coll. « Petite bibliothèque surannée », Paris, (101 p.), BnF 32332100j.
# Environmental Change and Security Program

The Environmental Change and Security Program (ECSP) is one of several programs and projects that make up the Global Resilience and Sustainability Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. ECSP was founded in 1994 to study the connections among environmental, health, population dynamics and their links to conflict, human insecurity, and foreign policy.

## Activities

ECSP holds events and publishes research and multimedia content aiming to connect scholars, policymakers, the media, and practitioners. The program currently has three primary topical focus areas:
* Integrated Development: The intersection of population-health-environment issues in developing countries as well as global population dynamics such as urbanisation, youth bulges, and migration.
* Environment, Conflict, and Security: The role of natural resources in conflict and peace building, and climate change in the security context.
* Water: Water's potential to spur conflict and cooperation, its social and economic value, and its relationship to health and disease.

## Publications

ECSP produces a series of program reports as well as the FOCUS series of short briefs on integrated population, health, and environment programs. Archived 2012-01-22 at the Wayback Machine Previous occasional publications include Navigating Peace: Forging New Water Partnerships and Water Stories: Expanding Opportunities in Small-Scale Water and Sanitation Projects. The program also maintains a daily blog, New Security Beat, and a YouTube channel with speaker interviews.

## Support

ECSP is supported by grants from the U.S. Agency for International Development, under the Health, Environment, Livelihoods, Population, and Security (HELPS) Project and the Resources for Peace Project (RFPP).

## Staff

* Roger-Mark De Souza, Global Fellow and former Director
* Geoff Dabelko, Senior Adviser and former Director
* Lauren Herzer, Program Associate
* John Thon Majok, Program Associate
* Meaghan Parker, Writer/Editor
* Benjamin Dills, Program Assistant
# Epicauta longicollis

Epicauta longicollis is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Epinotia algeriensis

Epinotia algeriensis is a species of moth in the family Tortricidae. It is found in Algeria. The larvae feed on Cedrus atlantica.
# Ludorf

Ludorf is a village and a former municipality in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Since May 2019, it is part of the new municipality Südmüritz.
# Epicephala jansei

Epicephala jansei is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Zimbabwe.
# Loznica (Čačak)

Loznica (Serbian Cyrillic: Лозница) is a village in the municipality of Čačak, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 432 people.
# Loznica (Bratunac)

Loznica (Serbian Cyrillic: Лозница) is a village in the municipality of Bratunac, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Loznica (disambiguation)

Loznica may refer to:
* Loznica, a city in Serbia
* Loznica (Višegrad), a village in the municipality of Višegrad in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Loznica (Bratunac), a village in the municipality of Bratunac in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Loznitsa, a town in Bulgaria
* Loznica, Montenegro
* Łoźnica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, a village in Poland
* Ložnica, a river in Slovenia
# Ludwig Bandl

Ludwig Bandl (1 November 1842 – 26 August 1892) was an Austrian obstetrician and gynecologist born in Himberg, Niederösterreich.
In 1867 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna, where he studied under Karl von Braun-Fernwald (1822–1891), Joseph Hyrtl (1810–1894), and Johann von Dumreicher (1815–1880). In 1878 he became head of the department of obstetrics at the general polyclinic in Vienna, and later on, was named an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology (1880). Six years later, Bandl attained a full professorship at Prague, but within a matter of weeks had to resign his position due to mental illness. He spent his final years institutionalized in a Vienna asylum.
Bandl is remembered for his description of the uterine contraction ring, a constriction located at the junction of the corpus uteri and the isthmus of uterus. This structure is sometimes referred to as the "pathologic retraction ring", or as "Bandl's ring of contraction".
# Ludwig Siebert (disambiguation)

Ludwig Siebert may refer to:
* Ludwig Siebert (1874–1942); German Nazi politician
* Ludwig Siebert (bobsleigh) (born 1939), German bobsledder
# Tantilla sertula

Tantilla sertula, the Garland centipede snake, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.
The snake is found in Mexico.
# Tantilla olympia

Tantilla olympia is a species of snake of the family Colubridae.
The snake is found in Honduras.
# Eois laxipecten

Eois laxipecten is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda.
# Tassilo Neuwirth

Tassilo Neuwirth (born 15 December 1940) is an Austrian ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Winter Olympics.
# Luc Panissod

Luc Panissod (born 1949 in France) was Secretary General of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). He previously held the role of Deputy Secretary General of WOSM and was made acting WOSM Secretary General in mid-November 2007 in replacement of Eduardo Missoni, following an institutional crisis over leadership and finance. In March 2009 he was officially appointed to the position of Secretary General of WOSM. Panissod laid down his post on 31 December 2011.
Responsibilities at WOSM fall into two divisions, each headed by an Executive Director. In his role as Deputy Secretary General, Panissod was in charge of General Management, responsible for Administration, Finance, Personnel, Technology and Information, Resource Mobilization, Design, Partnerships, World Events, and Documents and Archiving.
Panissod studied at the Sorbonne University in Paris, and completed a Diploma in Economics, a Masters in Economics, and then a Certificat d'Aptitude à l'Administration des Entreprises CAAE-MBA at one of its affiliated institutes. He was preparing his PhD on the "Marketing of public and social causes" when he joined the World Scout Bureau in 1982.
In 1991 he was promoted to Deputy Secretary General of WOSM, responsible for the General Management of the World Scout Bureau.
Panissod was also the liaison for the Asia-Pacific, Eurasian and Africa offices.
In his role as the Secretary General, Panissod manages Institutional Support, Constitutional Affairs, Planning, Strategy and Strategic Evaluation, Communication and External Relations.
Panissod was awarded the Bronze Wolf in 1996.
# Eosentomon occidentale

Eosentomon occidentale is a species of proturan in the family Eosentomidae. It is found in Europe and Northern Asia (excluding China).
# Ephraim Kirby-Smith

Ephraim Kirby-Smith (August 30, 1884 – July 8, 1938) was a college football player.

## Early years

Kirby-Smith was born on August 30, 1884, in Sewanee, Tennessee, the son of American Civil War general Edmund Kirby Smith and his wife Cassie Selden. Edmund Kirby Smith's brother Ephraim, for whom his son was presumably named, died in 1847 from wounds suffered at the Battle of Molino del Rey.

## College football

Kirby-Smith was a lineman for the college football team of the Sewanee Tigers, selected to its all-time football team. He was selected All-Southern in 1903 and 1904. At Sewanee he was a member of Phi Delta Theta.
# Tao: The Watercourse Way

Tao: The Watercourse Way is a 1975 non-fiction book on Taoism and philosophy, and is Alan Watts' last book. It was published posthumously in 1975 with the collaboration of Al Chung-liang Huang, who also contributed a preface and afterword, and with additional calligraphy by Lee Chih-chang.

## Synopsis

This short book (five chapters, with a Preface, Bibliography, etc.) provides a distillation of Watt's view of Taoism accompanied by historical information. Linguistic issues are highlighted and calligraphic samples of many of the cited Chinese texts are included. As described in Huang's Preface, Watts had planned two further chapters showing how Taoism could be "medicine for the ills of the West", but these were unwritten at the time of Watts' death in 1973.

## Reception

Kirkus Reviews praised the work, and stated that it was a "Good introduction to the Tao." Joseph Needham also wrote favorably of Tao: The Watercourse Way and called it an "admirable introduction to Taoist philosophy and its symbolism".
# Luganville Seaplane Base

Luganville Seaplane Base is a former World War II seaplane base in the Segond Channel between the islands of Espiritu Santo and Aore Island in the New Hebrides Islands at the Espiritu Santo Naval Base.

## History
### World War II

The first bases on Espiritu Santo were established by the United States as defensive bases to guard the existing facility at Efate and to support the Solomon Islands Campaign, however its strategic location led to its expansion into one of the largest advance bases in the South Pacific. The 7th Naval Construction Battalion arrived on Santo on 11 August 1942 and began construction of more extensive air facilities to support the Guadalcanal Campaign. The 7th Battalion constructed a parking area, two pre-fabricated 85 feet (26 m) by 100 feet (30 m) nose hangars, warehouses, quonset huts and two seaplane ramps at Belchif Point on the Segond Channel between the Renee and Sarakata Rivers. The 57th Naval Construction Battalion later built two seaplane drydocks at the base.$^{:232}$
United States Navy units based at the base included:
* VP-11 11 August 1942 – 1 February 1943
* VP-12 14 June-30 July 1944$^{:115}$
* VP-14 1 September-10 December 1943$^{:584}$
* VP-23 15 July-1 October 1942 and 24 June-20 August 1943$^{:430}$
* VP-24 1 February-29 September 1943$^{:436}$
* VP-54 1 August-10 November 1944$^{:477–8}$
* VP-72 4 September 1942 - 6 July 1943$^{:195}$
* VP-91 4 September 1942 - March 1943$^{:494}$
all operating PBYs.
US Navy ships supporting seaplane operations included:
* USS Curtiss 11 August 1942 – 9 July 1943.$^{:402}$
* USS Mackinac August–November 1942
* USS Tangier 28 February-12 August 1943
* USS Wright October 1945$^{:584}$
Royal New Zealand Air Force units operating from the base included:
* No. 5 Squadron operating PBYs from 10 November 1944$^{:477–8}$
* No. 6 Squadron operating PBYs from November 1943

### Postwar

NOB Espiritu Santo disestablished on 12 June 1946.$^{:757}$ The base's onshore facilities are now overgrown and are under private ownership. Erosion caused by Cyclone Harold in April 2020 revealed details of the layout of the base, including exposing one of the seaplane ramps.
# Lugansky (surname)

Lugansky (feminine: Luganskaya) is a Russian-language surname derived from the city of Lugansk. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nikolai Lugansky (born 1972), Russian pianist
* Sergey Lugansky (1917–1977), Soviet ace
# Luke Paul Matlatarea

Luke Paul Matlatarea (born in 1938 in Malmal) was a Papua New Guinean clergyman and bishop for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Bereina. He was appointed bishop in 1988. He died in 1998.