OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Dobson (surveyor)

George Dobson (26 June 1840 – 28 May 1866) was a New Zealand surveyor and engineer who was murdered in the Brunner Gorge on the West Coast by the Burgess Gang after being mistaken for a local gold buyer.

## Early life

George Dobson was born in Islington, London, in 1840. He was the son of Edward Dobson, a surveyor and railway engineer, and Mary Ann, née Lough. When the railway boom ended in England, his father decided to emigrate to New Zealand. He purchased land from the Canterbury Association and sailed to the colony on the Cressy, one of the First Four Ships. The Cressy arrived in Lyttelton on 27 December 1850. George and his younger brother Arthur accompanied him on the voyage but were later joined by their mother when she arrived on the Fatima, which had landed in Lyttelton exactly one year after them, on 27 December 1851 who also bought their four other siblings. His father found that life in the new colony with two young sons was challenging, and they were sent to their uncle, Reverend Charles Dobson, the vicar of Buckland in Tasmania, where they stayed for three years. On their return journey, they landed in Nelson, where they stayed with another uncle, Alfred Dobson. He was surveying the Nelson region and soon after became the Nelson provincial surveyor. As his father had been appointed Canterbury provincial engineer in 1854, the financial situation improved, and the boys were sent to Christ's College, then the best school in Christchurch. Prior to this, the boys were taught by the Reverend George Cotterill in Lyttelton.

## Murder

George worked alongside his brother as a surveyor for the Canterbury Provincial Government during the early part of his brothers exploration into finding a route between Canterbury and the West Coast, assisting in the surveying of road lines. George accepted work out of Greymouth where he was employed to maintain and construct roads along the Grey River and fulfilled the role of resident engineer. While traveling between Greymouth and Lake Brunner, he was apprehended by bushrangers near the site of the current town of Dobson. The bushrangers, later confirmed to be members of the Burgess Gang, held him up believing that he was storekeeper and gold buyer Edward Fox. After robbing him of a few pounds the gang members beat him with the butt of a gun in the head before strangling him, leaving his body half buried two hundred yards from the track.
Dobson's murder was the impetus to a committee forming that eventually had the Westland Explorers' Monument built. Alongside Dobson, three others who lost their lives on the West Coast in 1863 are commemorated. The monument was originally located in the centre of an intersection in Hokitika (where the Hokitika Clock Tower now stands), but in 1880, it was shifted to the Hokitika Cemetery.
# Morten Krogvold

Morten Krogvold (born 3 May 1950) is a Norwegian photographer and writer. Krogvold is especially known for his portraits of artists, politicians and other celebrities. He has published numerous books, held numerous exhibitions.

## Early life and education

Born in Oslo to calculator Gulbrand Leo Krogvold (1908–88) and mother Bodil Jacobsen (1913–88). Krogvold grew up in Lille Langerud in Oslo. At the age of twelve he acquired his own darkroom and became an enthusiastic amateur photographer. He received his professional training as a photographer at the Oslo Vocational School from 1973 to 1974, with Margaret Fosseide as his teacher. He was employed by the National Film Board from 1971 to 1981, a period that formed the basis for his development and interest in art. He captured images of interiors, sculpture, painting and furniture in museums and churches.

## Career

At the end of the 1970s Morten Krogvold was active in the League of Free Photographers (FFF). He made his debut exhibition at the first photographic Spring exhibition 1976, he was secretary of the board for a short time, later juror and member of the committee. He attended the exhibition that FFF was presenting its members as guests at Autumn exhibition, and the exhibition Photography Here & Now at the Henie Onstad Art Center, both 1979. The same year he received the Norwegian Government's travel and study grants.
The following year Krogvold as other photographer in history believed in the Autumn Exhibition, when he debuted with the solo exhibition in Norwegian Museum of Photography in Horten. During the 1980s, he broke with the Association and work increasingly with various assignments in advertising and documentaries. The missions have increasingly taken over and become an integral part of his exhibitions. Several of these are also presented in the book, such as Oslo Pictures in collaboration with Tove Nilsen (1988), or the White House (2000) for NRK.
Morten Krogvold has since the 1980s had a major impact as a teacher in Norway and abroad. Especially at the Academy of Photography at Vågå he has with his ability to enthuse influenced and inspired numerous photography students. Krogvold was appointed Knight of the Order of St. Olav in 2005 and received Lom Municipality Culture for 2004.
# Thailand national team

Thailand national team may refer to:
* Thailand national basketball team
* Thailand national badminton team
* Thailand national baseball team
* Thailand national cricket team
* Thailand national women's cricket team
* Thailand women's national handball team
* Thailand national ice hockey team
* Thailand national rugby union team
* Thailand national rugby sevens team
* Thailand women's national rugby union team\
* Thailand national football team
* Thailand national under-17 football team
* Thailand national under-20 football team
* Thailand national under-23 football team
* Thailand national beach soccer team
* Thailand women's national football team
* Thailand national futsal team
* Thailand men's national volleyball team
* Thailand women's national volleyball team
# John Airey

John Moore Cole Airey (c. 1811 – 17 July 1893) was a politician in colonial Australia, member of the New South Wales Legislative Council 1847 to 1848.
Airey was born in London, the second son of Sir George Airey and the Hon. Catherine Talbot, daughter of Margaret O'Reilly Talbot, 1st Baroness Talbot of Malahide. His elder brother was Sir Richard Airey, 1st Baron Airey and his youngest brother was Sir James Talbot Airey. An officer in the Royal Navy, he entered the Navy on 1 January 1821 and became a lieutenant on 13 May 1829. He served on the Medina on the African station and later served in the Mediterranean. He returned to England in 1837.
Airey was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council as member for Port Phillip on 22 December 1847, and was sworn in on 22 March 1848. The previous occupier of the seat, John Dunmore Lang vacated the seat by absence.
Aireys Inlet in Victoria was named for John Airey who settled in the area in 1842.
Airey became Viconde De Airey of Portugal and died in Lisbon on 17 July 1893.
# Nils Henric Liljensparre

Nils Henric Aschan Liljensparre, born Sivers (22 July 1738, Norrköping - 5 January 1814, Stockholm), was a Swedish police officer. He is most known for conducting the investigation of the regicide of king Gustav III of Sweden in 1792.
Liljensparre studied law at Uppsala University and served in Svea hovrätt from 1762. He became an official at the royal council in 1765, secretary in 1772, and the head of the Stockholm police in 1776. Liljensparre is regarded as a devoted and effective police. He did, however, adjust himself to the demands of the crown even in cases when they bent the laws. This made him unpopular, but a favorite of the monarch, who ennobled him under the name Liljensparre in 1786. He organised a network of police agents in Stockholm.
In 1792, he was in charge of the investigation of the regicide of King Gustav III of Sweden. He succeeded in identifying the culprit, but his investigation about the plots against the late monarch was not popular with the new regent, Duke Charles. In an attempt to ingratiate himself with the new regent, he is believed to have had rumors spread which contributed to the fall of Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt. In 1793, he was deposed from his position, due to his handling of the Ebel Riot, and send to Swedish Pomerania to organize the police force there. In 1799, he was given the responsibility of the Stockholm customs, where he was described as effective but despotic. He retired in 1811.

## Sources

* Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (artikel av Gardar Sahlberg), hämtad 2013-07-10
# Michiko Horibe

Michiko Horibe (堀部 倫子, Horibe Michiko, born September 16, 1974) is a Japanese ski mountaineer and telemark skier.

## Selected results

* 2007:
** 5th (and 3rd in the senior's ranking), Asian Championship, Tsugaike Kōgen Ski Resort, Nagano, Japan
* 2009:
** 4th, Asian Championship, individual
** 5th, Asian Championship, vertical race
* 2010:
** 10th, World Championship, relay, together with Itō Mayumi and Mase Chigaya
** 3rd, Gangwon Provincial Governor's Cup, Yongpyong Ski Resort/Balwangsan
** 3rd, Tsugaike, individual, Nagano Prefecture
* 2011:
** 10th, World Championship, relay, together with Catrin Thomas and Mase Chigaya
# Portable Media Center

Portable Media Center (PMC) is a portable media player (PMP) platform developed by Microsoft. Announced at the 2003 Consumer Electronics Show (CES), and released in early 2004, it was originally positioned as a competitor to Apple's iPod. All its hard drive-based players use a graphical user interface (GUI) modeled after Media Center, a software portal bundled with Windows XP Media Center Edition. Manufacturers of PMC devices included Creative, Philips, iriver, Samsung, and Toshiba.

## History

The platform was conceived in line with Microsoft's Windows Media Center strategy, where the idea was to have a single media management interface that would be used on both PCs and in consumer devices, including televisions and handhelds. The strategy was developed by Microsoft's Windows Embedded group in partnership with the eHome Division, which formed in February 2001 and started partnerships with companies like Samsung with the goal to "develop new technologies so consumers can enjoy whole-home entertainment, communications and control experiences where, when and however they want them" and "develop an entire ecosystem of PCs, digital devices, intelligent home appliances and services that will easily and cost-effectively transform average households into next-generation digital homes." The Windows Media Center name was created with the release of a Windows XP product edition, Windows XP Media Center Edition, geared towards this ecosystem.
Codenamed Media2Go, it was later rebranded as Windows Mobile software for Portable Media Centers, before being named Portable Media Center.
The Portable Media Center was succeeded by Zune, and served as the basis for its software. Zune had similar aims to provide a unifying media platform across PCs, devices, and televisions (3-screen strategy).

## Software

Its operating system was a specialized version of Windows CE,. In 2007, Microsoft discontinued licensing the platform.
All PMCs are able to play audio files in MP3 and display images in JPEG. Also, they support Microsoft's proprietary formats: Windows Media Audio (WMA) and Windows Media Video (WMV). Other video formats will either be supported by each individual PMC, or transcoded though Windows Media Player. Media Transfer Protocol (MTP) is used for transferring data.
# Josiah Quincy

Josiah Quincy may refer to:
* Josiah Quincy I (1710–1784), American merchant, planter, soldier, and politician
* Josiah Quincy II (1744–1775), American lawyer and patriot
* Josiah Quincy III (1772–1864), American educator and political figure, mayor of Boston, 1823–1828
* Josiah Quincy Jr. (1802–1882), American politician, mayor of Boston, 1845–1849
* Josiah Quincy (1859–1919), American politician from Massachusetts, mayor of Boston, 1896–1900
* Josiah Quincy (New Hampshire politician) (1793–1875), American politician and lawyer in New Hampshire
# Postcard (The Who song)

"Postcard" is a song by the Who, that was written, and sung by the band's bassist John Entwistle. It appears on the Who's album Odds & Sods.
Released as a single, in the United States, it reached the Cash Box charts on 23 November 1974, peaking at No. 64. It was the first song written by Entwistle that was released as the A-side of a Who single.
John Entwistle said about the album:
   "We thought we'd just have a go at some of these bootlegs. They release really bad bootlegs of these songs all the time. I've heard three of them which were made in the States and they're really bad quality. They obviously will last only about three plays before the acetate disintegrates. We thought it was about time we released a bootleg of our own. I tried to arrange it like a parallel sort of Who career -- what singles we might have released and what album tracks we might have released."
Pete Townshend said about the song:
   "'Postcard is a John Entwistle song about touring on the road. He describes in luscious detail the joys and delights of such romantic venues as Australia (pause to fight off temporary attack of nausea), America (pause to count the money) and, of course, that country of the mysterious and doubting customs official, Germany (pause, whether they like it or not, for 'God Save The Queen'). Listen out for the field sound effects ACTUALLY RECORDED IN THE COUNTRIES WE TOURED. 'Postcard' was originally recorded in my house for a maxi single. They were EPs that only cost as much as a single. Ours unfortunately never got released.
   I engineered this one with one hand on the controls and the other on the guitar. That's why I only play one chord throughout the whole song."
The Who FAQ author Mike Segretto describes it as "a fun travelogue of the Who's roadwork, penned with the droll wit we've come to expect from John Entwistle." The lyrics tell the various countries the band had visited on tour. Chris Charlesworth describes the song as having an "up tempo rock rhythm." Billboard described it as a "commercially oriented cut" with a "good, fun storyline." Cash Box said that "the disk goes back to 1971 but the Kings of English rock are as relevant on this disk as if it were cut last week." Record World said that this "melodic rocker is now stamped for '75 glory."
"Postcard" was originally recorded for potential release on a maxi single in 1970, but that version only ended up being released in Japan. For the version released on Odds & Sods, Entwistle remixed the song and recorded a new bass guitar part.
# Joseph Swain (engraver)

Joseph Swain (29 February 1820 in Oxford – 25 February 1909 in London) was an English wood-engraver. He is best known from his wood-engravings in Punch magazine of cartoons by Sir John Tenniel.

## Life

Born in Oxford in 1820, he was second son of Ebenezer Swain by his wife Harriet James; Joseph Swain, pastor of East Street Baptist church, Walworth, was his grandfather. He was educated at private schools, first in Oxford, and then in London, where the family moved in 1829.
In 1834 Swain was apprenticed by his father, a printer with the firm of Wertheimer & Co., to the wood-engraver Nathaniel Whittock, and was transferred in 1837 to Thomas Williams, brother of Samuel Williams. In 1843 he was appointed manager of the engraving department of Punch, but in the following year set up in business for himself, retaining the whole of the engraving work for Punch from 1844 until 1900.
He taught William Harcourt Hooper.
Swain died at Ealing in west London in 1909.

## Works

Swain was one of the most prolific wood-engravers of the nineteenth century. His own work is not always signed, and the signature "Swain sc" must be taken to include the engraving of assistants working for his firm. In the later 19th century his wood-engravings were generally printed from electrotypes; but those done for Punch were printed from the original wood-blocks.
Nearly all the illustrations in the Cornhill Magazine were engraved by Swain, and he also worked largely for other periodicals such as Once a Week, Good Words, The Argosy, and for the publications of the Religious Tract Society and the Baptist Missionary Society. He engraving extensively after Fred Walker, John Everett Millais, Frederick Sandys, Richard Doyle, Richard Ansdell, Fred Barnard, and other major illustrators, from 1860 onwards.
A series of articles on Fred Walker, Charles Henry Bennett, George John Pinwell, and Fritz Eltze, which Swain wrote for Good Words (1888–89), were incorporated in Toilers in Art, edited by Henry C. Ewart (1891).

## Family

In 1843 Swain married Martha Cooper. They had three daughters and a son, Joseph Blomeley Swain, who carried on the printing and engraving establishment.
# Poussin graph

In graph theory, the Poussin graph is a planar graph with 15 vertices and 39 edges. It is named after Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin.

## History

In 1879, Alfred Kempe published a proof of the four color theorem, one of the big conjectures in graph theory. While the theorem is true, Kempe's proof is incorrect. Percy John Heawood illustrated it in 1890 with a counter-example, and de la Vallée-Poussin reached the same conclusion in 1896 with the Poussin graph.
Kempe's (incorrect) proof is based on alternating chains, and as those chains prove useful in graph theory mathematicians remain interested in such counterexamples. More were found later: first, the Errera graph in 1921, then the Kittell graph in 1935, with 23 vertices, and finally two minimal counter-examples (the Soifer graph in 1997 and the Fritsch graph in 1998, both of order 9).
# Porta Maggiore, Bologna

Porta Maggiore, now known as Porta Mazzini, was the main eastern portal of the former medieval walls of the city of Bologna, Italy. It straddles the site in which the Strada Maggiore of Bologna changes name to via Mazzini, immediately west of the intersection with the Viale di Ciconvallazione.
First erected in the 13th century, in 1507, under Pope Julius II a further fortification was added. By the 17th century, porticos were built leading to the church-sanctuary of Santa Maria Lacrimosa degli Alemanni further down on Via Mazzini. In 1770, the portal was partially reconstructed by designs of Giovanni Giacomo Dotti. In 1903, the gate was nearly completely dismantled, but a fierce debate shut down the work, and soon led to conservation and restoration under the direction of Alfonso Rubbiani. Further restorations occurred in 2007 and 2009, but it remains a shell of the former self, an inconvenience in the road, standing as a roofless brick structure with two ogival arches in series, devoid of its former facade and covered passageway. 44°29′24″N 11°21′26″E﻿ / ﻿44.49000°N 11.35722°E﻿ / 44.49000; 11.35722
# Powe

Powe may refer to:
* Powe House
* Powe, Missouri
* B. W. Powe, Canadian poet
* Darroll Powe, Canadian ice hockey player
* Jerrell Powe, American NFL player
* Karl Powe, American NFL player
* Leon Powe, American basketballer
* Lucas A. Powe, Jr., American lawyer
* Sheldon Powe-Hobbs, Australian rules footballer
# Josh Shipp

Josh Shipp may refer to:
* Josh Shipp (basketball) (born 1986), American basketball player
* Josh Shipp (media personality) (born 1982), American motivation speaker and television personality
# Portrait of a Young Man (Uccello)

Portrait of a Young Man is a tempera on panel painting by Paolo Uccello, executed c. 1431–1436, now in the Indianapolis Museum of Art.
The work originated in a rectangular or square format and was only later (probably in the 19th century) cut down into its present polygonal format to render it rarer and more desirable to buyers. It is probably the only surviving portrait securely attributed to the artist, based on comparison with physical types in his fresco medallions in the Assunta Chapel at Prato Cathedral.
# Poulopoulos

Poulopoulos is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Georgios Poulopoulos (born 1975), Greek footballer
* Giannis Poulopoulos (1941–2020), Greek singer-songwriter
* Pandelis Pouliopoulos (1900-1943), Greek communist
# Posner's theorem

In algebra, Posner's theorem states that given a prime polynomial identity algebra A with center Z, the ring $A\otimes _{Z}Z_{(0)}$ is a central simple algebra over $Z_{(0)}$, the field of fractions of Z. It is named after Ed Posner.
# Prairie Dog Township, Kansas

Prairie Dog Township, Kansas may refer to one of the following townships:
* Prairie Dog Township, Decatur County, Kansas
* Prairie Dog Township, Sheridan County, Kansas
# Pratigya

Pratigya may refer to:
* Pratiggya, a 1943 Indian film
* Pratigya (1975 film), an Indian Hindi-language film starring Dharmendra
* Pratigna (1982 film), an Indian film
* Pratigya (2008 film), an Indian Bhojpuri-language Indian film
** Pratigya 2, its 2014 sequel
* Pratigya (novel), a novel by Indian writer Premchand
* Pratigya (TV series), an Indian television series
# José María Carrascal

José María Carrascal Rodríguez (8 December 1930 – 3 November 2023) was a Spanish journalist and writer.

## Biography

José María Carrascal was born in El Vellón, Madrid, in 1930. He studied philosophy in Barcelona, and in 1959 he began his career as journalist out of Spain. Between 1959 and 1966 he was correspondent in Berlin, working for Diario de Barcelona and Pueblo. Then he moved to United States to begin his literary career, and he also worked for United Nations. He made an hiatus and in 1990 he got back to his activities and he became a columnist for La Razón. He wrote essays about American life and its idiosyncrasy.
For his novel Groovy he won the Nadal Prize in 1972.
In 2021 he won the Luca de Tena Award, and he died in Madrid on 3 November 2023, at the age of 92.