OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luigi Gui

Luigi Gui (26 September 1914 – 26 April 2010) was an Italian politician and philosopher.

## Biography

Gui was born in Padua (Veneto). He graduated in philosophy at the Catholic University in Milan. He was an officer of the Alpini corps of the Italian Army, and fought in USSR during World War II. Later, he was a member of the Italian Constituent Assembly which later became the modern Italian Parliament. He was deputy and senator from 1948 to 1983.
He served as Minister of labour and social security, Minister of education, Minister of health, Minister of the Interior, Minister of Defense and Minister of Public Administration.
He died on 26 April 2010, at the age of 95.
# Marlene (song)

"Marlene" is the first single from British artist Lightspeed Champion's second album Life is Sweet! Nice to Meet You, released on 25 January 2010.

## Music video

A preview of the music video was posted on the Domino Records' YouTube channel on 3 November 2009, which was then followed a month later on 3 December 2009, by the full-length video.
It features Dev Hynes sitting in the back of a pick-up truck in a mountainous area, before the truck driver stops to pull Dev out of the truck and kick him down to the floor. This leads Dev into a psychedelic dream of dancing girls, only to wake up and find himself having an argument in a cafe with what appears to be his girlfriend. He soon wakes up from this to the truck driver throwing water at him, who then drags Dev to see two dancing girls similar to those in his dream. This sends him into another psychedelic dream. He then wakes up one more time in the back of the pick-up truck with the dancing girls in the distance, as if none of it had happened.
# Medium Tank Trials Unit (Australia)

The Medium Tank Trials Unit (MTTU) was a temporary Australian Army unit formed to test M60 Patton and Leopard 1 tanks to determine the most suitable replacement for the Army's Centurion tanks. The MTTU was formed in early 1972 by converting B Squadron, 1st Armoured Regiment. The MTTU's personnel were trained in the United States and Germany in early 1972 and received two M60A1 Pattons, two Leopard 1A2s and a Leopard 1 armoured recovery vehicle in the middle of the year. The tank trials commenced in late 1972 and were conducted at Puckapunyal and the Tully - Innisfail region of north Queensland. The trials were completed in March 1973 and the MTTU reverted to B Squadron, 1st Armoured Regiment on 1 June 1973. The Leopard 1 tank was selected on the basis of the results of the trials and entered service with the Australian Army in 1976.
# Treponema carateum

Treponema carateum is a species of spirochete bacteria in the genus Treponema.
It is the cause of pinta, a disease affecting exclusively the skin. Children living in tropical American countries are most at risk.
# Phacellus fulguratus

Phacellus fulguratus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Monné in 1979. It is known from Brazil.
# Flatford Mill

Flatford Mill is a Grade I listed watermill on the River Stour at Flatford in East Bergholt, Suffolk, England. According to the date-stone the mill was built in 1733, but some of the structure may be earlier. Attached to the mill is a 17th-century miller's cottage which is also Grade I listed. The property is in Dedham Vale, a typically English rural landscape.
The mill was owned by the artist John Constable's father and is noted, along with its immediate surroundings as the location for many of Constable's works. It is referred to in the title of one of his most iconic paintings, Flatford Mill (Scene on a Navigable River), and mentioned in the title or is the subject of several others including: Flatford Mill from a lock on the river Stour; Flatford Mill from the lock (A water mill); The Lock. The Hay Wain, which features Willy Lott's Cottage, was painted from the front of the mill.

## Current use

The mill was listed in 1955. It is owned by the National Trust which leases it to the Field Studies Council. who have run it as a field centre since 1943. The National Trust also owns nearby properties, Bridge Cottage, Valley Farm and Willy Lott's Cottage.
# Torrecid

Torrecid was a Christian motte-and-bailey castle where El Cid camped for fifteen weeks around the year 1081 according to legend. The site remained buried for almost a thousand years until recent archaeological excavations found it where Cantar de Mio Cid describes it. The site, located in the valley of the Jalón river, is in the current municipality of Ateca (Zaragoza), Spain. To date the regional Government of Aragon has not cataloged it so its protection is the generic indicated in the Decree of 22 April 1949 and Law 16/1985 of protection of the Spanish Historical Heritage.

## History

Located on the right bank of the Jalón river, it is one of the most important castles in the development of the epic Cantar de Mio Cid. It is located in the area, now called Torrecil, in front of the so-called La Mora Encantada, where the castle of Alcocer was located, separated from it by the channel of the Jalón river and about two thousand meters away. The facts described in the song are situated around the year 1081.
The hill where El Cid camped for fifteen weeks according to the lay, is the place called Cerro Torrecid or Otero del Cid where the ruins that occupy us are located and it is a temporary fortified camp (mota), rather than a castle proper, next to the one that would settle the tents that the Cid would take because according to the lay they were accompanied by three hundred knights and three hundred pawns that obviously had no place inside this small fortification. From here they could watch Alcocer separated only by the river Jalón.

## Modern Times

There is scarcely any remains of the fortification that was built in a short time by the men of El Cid, but only a few walls of masonry, covered with mud, barely half a meter high, which makes it possible to see the layout of the small fortified enclosure, it had a watchtower of about ten meters of height, placing the tents of the camp around the recito. It has been possible to construct plans of seven rooms and numerous remains of ceramics of the eleventh century have been found. The highlight of these remains is that if we stand on them we can easily see in front of them the remains of the Alcocer, to the right we see the town of Terrer and left the town of Ateca who at that time paid pariahs.

## Legal protection

It is protected within the generic declaration of Cultural interest of all the castles of Spain by the Decree of 22 of April 1949 and Law 16/1985 of protection of the Spanish Historical Heritage.

## Sources

* The information in this article is based on that in its Spanish equivalent.
# Sgt. Smith

Sgt. Smith, Sergeant Smith, or variation, may refer to:

## People
### Sgt Smith, rank

* Edward Smith (VC) (1898–1940) Victoria Cross recipient for action during WWI
* Elmelindo Rodrigues Smith (1935–1967) Medal of Honor recipient for action during the Vietnam War
* Henry Robert Smith, former Sergeants-at-Arms of the Canadian House of Commons
* Jimmie Todd Smith (born 1965) retired Staff Sergeant and Florida politician
* John Smith (sergeant) (1814–1864) Victoria Cross recipient for the Siege of Delhi.
* Larry Smith, former Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate
* Maynard Harrison Smith (1911–1984) Medal of Honor recipient for a bombing raid over France.
* Paul Ray Smith (1969–2003) Medal of Honor recipient for Operation Iraqi Freedom.
* Sam Smith (painter) (1918–1999) U.S. Army artist Technical Sergeant during WWII
* Sean Smith (diplomat) (1978–2012) who left the USAF as a Staff Sergeant, to enter the foreign service
* William Thomas Smith DCM MM (1896–1994) WWI flying ace

### Sergeant Smith, name

* Seargent Smith Prentiss (1808–1850) Mississippi politician

## Fictional characters

* Detective Sergeant Chad Smith, a character from The Smith Family (TV series)
* Dale Smith (The Bill), a character from The Bill who progressed from constable to inspector, serving time as sergeant
# Epithet (disambiguation)

An epithet is a name. In taxonomic nomenclature, it is a word or phrase (epithet) in the name of an organism. It can be:
Epithet may also refer to:
* a specific epithet:
** the second part of a species name in binomial nomenclature in any branch of biology
*** in botany, the second part of a botanical name
*** Specific epithet (zoology), also called the specific name, meaning the second part of the species name or binomen
* a genus, epithet
* a subgenus, epithet
* in botanical nomenclature:
** a Section (botany), epithet
** a Series (botany), epithet
** a variety (botany), epithet
** a forma (botany), epithet
* in horticulture:
** a cultivar, epithet
** a cultivar group epithet, for plants within a species that share characteristics
** a grex (horticulture) epithet for cultivated orchids, according to their parentage
# James Stinson

James Stinson may refer to:
* James Stinson (musician), a member of the electronic music duo Drexciya
* James Stinson (How I Met Your Mother), a character on the American TV series
# James Ferreira

James Ferreira (born James Christopher Joseph Ferreira; 25 July 1956) is an Indian fashion designer and founder of the ‘James Ferreira’ designer label.
He started his design career in 1976 and currently his label retails in all major boutiques across India. Early Bollywood stars, to current International celebrities like Freida Pinto, have worn the designer’s creations.
The designer lives and works out of the 47-G Bungalow at Khotachiwadi, which is one of the last surviving Heritage villages of Bombay. Ferreira is also an active member of the URBZ group that works towards preserving heritage districts and areas within metros. He has been vociferously opposing the take over bid of Khotachiwadi by businesspeople from Bombay and mobilizing support for the cause.

## Early life

James Ferreira was born in 1956, to Owen and Thelma Ferreira in Bombay. Father Owen Ferreira was a hockey olympian and his maternal ancestor was a Portuguese ambassador to India.
Ferreira illustrated clothes and stylized figures through his school life, which manifested into a career choice after reading an article illustrating the works of designer Pierre Cardin in 1964. He pursued a foundation course in commercial art at the Sir J.J. School of Art (1974-75) and further completed a tailoring course at the Sheroo Coopers academy of tailoring (1976-78) in Mumbai.

## Career

After completing his education in 1976, he began his career designing for Purple Pussycat in 1976. It was one of the earliest designer wear boutiques in Bombay catering to the expats and socialites. He then went on to work with various textile houses, boutiques and private clients, and worked as a designer under the British designer Zandra Rhodes in 1982.
In 1992 continuing with his position as the Creative Head at the Boutiques Bada Saab and First Lady, he established a production unit and a studio for his namesake label ‘James Ferreira’.
In 2006 he debuted at the Lakme India Fashion week and subsequently in 2011 he collaborated with Veryta Foundation run by Stefano Pilati, design director Yves Saint Laurent and Filippo Binaghi, of Lorma SLR, Como, Italy to showcase a collection at the AW’11 Wills India Fashion Week.
In May 2013 he launched a collection of Diamond Jewelry in collaboration with Gehna Jewelers.
# Paul O'Neill (newspaper editor)

Paul O’Neill (1964 or 1965) is an Irish journalist. In April 2017, he succeeded Kevin O'Sullivan as editor of The Irish Times.

## Journalism career

O'Neill's first journalism career was at the Waterford News & Star in 1982; he then worked for the Cork Examiner in 1989.
He joined The Irish Times in 1989 as London Correspondent, before working as a news reporter, Crime Correspondent, Deputy News Editor, and Finance Editor. He served as Deputy Editor of the newspaper under both Geraldine Kennedy and Kevin O'Sullivan. At some point, he briefly left the newspaper to work in public relations.
On 5 April 2017, the Irish Times Trust announced that O'Neill would be replacing O'Sullivan as the newspaper's editor.

## Personal life

O'Neill was born in either 1964 or 1965, and brought up in Waterford by his parents Paddy and Josie (née Larkin). His father was editor of the Waterford News & Star, while his mother's family owned a bar and grocery store in Enniscorthy, County Wexford.
O'Neill is an avid cyclist, and has written several articles on the subject. He and his wife Jennifer have two daughters.
# James Tucker (convict)

James Rosenberg Tucker (1808–1888) was an Australian convict and author from Bristol, England.
Under the pseudonym Giacomo di Rosenberg, Tucker wrote his autobiographical Ralph Rashleigh; or, The Life of an Exile in 1844. It was published in a heavily edited form in 1929, and his original manuscript was published in 1952.
Tucker was convicted at the Chelmsford Spring Assizes on 3 March 1826 of blackmailing his cousin, James Stanyford Tucker. He was tried before Sir William Alexander, C.B., "On an indictment for sending a threatening letter...accus[ing] of an infamous crime" and sentenced to transportation for life. He was 18 years old at the time. The next year he was put aboard the convict ship Midas, which sailed for Sydney Cove. He arrived in Sydney in 1827 and worked at Emu Plains, New South Wales. Still a convict, he was sent to Port Macquarie in 1844. He was in Goulburn from 1849 to 1853.

## Works

* Ralph Rashleigh
* Jemmy Green in Australia
# Paulão

Paulão is a Portuguese nickname derived from Paulo, meaning "Great Paul" or "Big Paul". Notable people known as Paulão include:
* Paulão (born 1963), Brazilian volleyball player born Paulo André Jukoski da Silva
* Paulão (footballer, born 1969) (born 1969), Angolan football midfielder born Paulo António Alves
* Paulão (born 1967), Brazilian football defender born Paulo César Batista dos Santos
* Paulão Moreira (born 1969), Brazilian beach volleyball player born Paulo Roberto Moreira da Costa
* Paulão (born 1973), Brazilian football defender born Paulo Frederico Benevenute
* Paulão (born 1982), Brazilian football defender born Paulo Afonso Santos Júnior
* Paulão (born 1985), Brazilian football striker born Paulo Roberto do Carmo
* Paulão (born 1986), Brazilian football defender born Paulo Marcos de Jesus Ribeiro
* Paulão (footballer, born 1989), Brazilian football defender born Luis Paulo da Silva
* Paulão Prestes (born 1988), Brazilian basketball player born Paulo Sérgio Prestes
# Paul Probert

Paul Probert is a football (soccer) player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Probert played four official full internationals for New Zealand, making his debut in a 2–0 win over Saudi Arabia on 21 June 1988. He gained his final three caps all against Pacific neighbours Fiji in November 1988.
Probert had a career in the New Zealand National League from the age of 18, firstly with Nelson United, before being signed by Kevin Fallon at Gisborne City. He had opportunities for professional contracts in both Australia and England, but elected to remain in New Zealand. He played in four Chatham Cup finals, winning just one. In 2002, he led Tauranga City United to the final, only to be defeated 2-0 by Napier City Rovers.
# James Rodger Fleming

James Rodger Fleming, is a historian of science and technology, and the Charles A. Dana Professor of Science, Technology, and Society, Emeritus at Colby College, and author of the book Fixing the Sky: The Checkered History of Weather and Climate Control.

## Life and career

Fleming earned degrees from Pennsylvania State University (BS astronomy 1971), Colorado State University (MS atmospheric science, 1973), and Princeton University (PhD history, 1988). He was a professor in the Science, Technology, and Society Program at Colby College for 33 years and retired in 2021. Fleming is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and a fellow of the American Meteorological Society (AMS). He is regarded as an expert for climate engineering, and critical of technological fixes to address global warming.

## Awards and honors

Charles A. Lindbergh Chair in Aerospace History and the AAAS Roger Revelle Fellowship in Global Stewardship during his time as a public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.
# James Rockwell

James C. Rockwell (October 4, 1881- July 30, 1962) was an American businessman. He was President of the Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company (Meralco), Director of the American Chamber of Commerce in Manila, Charter member and President of the Rotary Club of Manila, and Founder and Commodore of the Manila Yacht Club. Rockwell Center is named after him.

## Early life

Rockwell was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, to William B. Rockwell and his wife, Clara L. Chapman.

## Education

In 1904, Rockwell graduated from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering.

## Career

In 1911, Rockwell arrived in Manila to join the Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company (Meralco) as a railway manager. In 1919, he was appointed vice-president and later became general manager. In 1939 he became president.
In 1939, Rockwell was the director of the American Chamber of Commerce in Manila.

## Santo Tomas Internment Camp

In World War II, during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, Rockwell, his wife Ann and their son James C. Rockwell Jr. were interned at the Santo Tomas Internment Camp in Manila.

## Personal life

On May 8, 1913, Rockwell married Dorothy Shepard at the American Consulate General in Yokohama, Empire of Japan.
On July 1, 1919, Rockwell became the second president of the Rotary Club of Manila, after its charter was handed down, succeeding Leon J. Lambert who served as President for a month during incorporation. Rockwell completed his term on June 30, 1920, at the end of the first full Rotary year.
On August 28, 1926, Rockwell married Ann Hanlon in Manila. On July 29, 1928, Rockwell and Hanlon's son James Chapman Rockwell Jr. was born.
In 1927, Rockwell founded the Manila Yacht Club and served as its Commodore. Rockwell also played a role in the establishment of the Manila Polo Club and Manila Golf Club.

## Death

Rockwell died in California, on July 30, 1962.

## Rockwell Thermal Plant and Rockwell Center

In 1950, Meralco began operating the Rockwell Thermal Plant named after Rockwell in Makati. In 1994, the thermal plant became decommissioned. The plant building became the upscale Power Plant Mall.
In 1995, López Holdings Corporation formed the Rockwell Land Corporation to develop the 15.5-hectare (38-acre) area of the former thermal plant. The development retained Rockwell's name and is now known as Rockwell Center.
# Pavel Demidov

Pavel Demidov may refer to:
* Pavel Nikolaievich Demidov (1798–1840), Russian nobleman
* Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov (1738–1828), Russian traveller and patron of scientific education
* Pavel Pavlovich Demidov, 2nd Prince of San Donato (1839–1885), Russian industrialist, jurist, philanthropist and nobleman
* Pavel Evgenjevič Demidov (1971–2020), Russian caver and speleologist
# Paul Walker (businessman)

Paul Ashton Walker (born 17 May 1957) is a British businessman.

## Education and early career

Walker graduated in economics at the University of York. He then began his career as a chartered accountant and auditor at Arthur Young.

### Career at Sage

In 1984 Walker joined Sage Group as a company accountant and then held the role of finance director from 1987 to 1994. In 1994, Walker was appointed chief executive of Sage.
In April 2010, Sage announced that Walker, had indicated an interest in stepping down from his position, which he had held for 16 years. The Financial Times reported that his departure would lead to speculation over Sage's mergers and acquisitions, which have been a key component to the group's growth in the past 20 years. In an interview with The Times, the CEO of Sage's UK business stated that: "Acquisitions are part of our DNA".
Walker was one of the longest serving CEOs of a FTSE 100 company, only exceeded by Sir Martin Sorrell at WPP and Tullow Oil's Aidan Heavey. Walker left the company on 1 December 2010. Walker was succeeded by Guy Berruyer at Sage.

### Later career

Walker has previously served on the boards of Diageo plc and MyTravel Group. In 2018 Walker was appointed as a director and chairman of Ashtead Group.
Walker is also non-executive chairman of Halma plc and a non-executive director of Experian and Sophos. Walker took on the role of chair of Newcastle University's governing body in August 2017.
# James Louis Gillis

James Louis Gillis (October 3, 1857 – July 27, 1917) was an American librarian.

## Biography

Gillis was born in Richmond, Iowa in 1857. By the time he was 14, his family had settled in Sacramento, California. Gillis then dropped out of school to become a messenger boy for a subsidiary of the Southern Pacific Railroad, the Sacramento Valley Railroad Company. After the Pullman railroad strike, Gillis retired from his position of assistant superintendent, having spent 22 years with Southern Pacific.
Gillis was extremely active with the Republican party when he retired, and because of connections he made politically, he became the archivist for the office of the Secretary of State of California in 1895. After a series of state positions, Gillis was appointed California State Librarian in 1899. Though most of his previous work experience did not include library topics, Gillis was nonetheless attracted to the job. Librarian Anne Margrave stated,
   His sense of humor made him joke a little at himself as State Librarian, considering his limited education and his previous experience, which had had little indeed to do with libraries. He had laughed heartily, he said, when someone first suggested that he seek the appointment [as State Librarian]. But as he thought it over, he began to think it would be rather a good job to bring order out of chaos, which was the condition then of the California State Library.
Gillis was interested in organizing the chaotic library system and wanted it to benefit the whole community, not just capital officials. He served as California State Librarian from 1899 until his death in 1917. In that role, Gillis expanded the State Library’s services, established the California History Room, the California Research Bureau, a traveling library program, and library services for the blind in the state of California. He also established California’s county library system in 1909.
Gillis served as the President of the California Library Association from 1906 to 1916. He was inducted into the California Library Hall of Fame in 2012.

## Publications

* California county free library law (1911)
* Descriptive list of the libraries of California (1904)
* Library laws of the state of California (1903)
# Jan Karafiát (author)

Jan Karafiát (4 January 1846 – 31 January 1929) was a Czech clergyman of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren and author. He is best known for his classic children's book Broučci, the Czech language word for Fireflies, that was first published in the early 1870s. Traditional Czech figurines of fairylike insect people are based on the characters in the book. He is also known for his poetry, which often reflected his religious beliefs, additionally he was one of the reviewers of Bible of Kralice – the first Czech protestant translation of the Bible.

## Life

Karafiát was born to a wealthy family in Jimramov in 1846. He went to school at Gütersloh. He studied theology in Litomyšl, Berlin (1866–1867), Bonn (1867–1868), Vienna (1866–1869) and Edinburgh (1871–1872). He became Vicar at Roudnice nad Labem and in 1874 an administrator of the Protestant theological seminar in Čáslav. From 1875 until his conflict with the consistory in Vienna in 1895, he led the parish of Velká Lhota (that time called Hrubá Lhota). From that point until his death in 1929, he lived in Prague.
Jan Karafiát was buried in Vinohrady Cemetery.