OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kampel, Indore

Kampel is a panchayat village in the Indore block of the Indore district, Madhya Pradesh, India. It was the headquarters of a pargana in Mughal Empire before the administrative center of the region was shifted to Indore city under the Holkars of the Maratha Empire.

## History

During the Mughal era, the area under the modern Indore district was equally divided between the administrations (sarkars) of Ujjain and Mandu. Kampel was the headquarters of a mahal (administrative unit) under the Ujjain sarkar of Malwa Subah (province). The area of the modern Indore city was included in the Kampel pargana (administrative unit).
In 1715, the Marathas invaded this region (Mughal territory) and demanded chauth (tax) from the Mughal Amil (administrator) of Kampel. The Amil fled to Ujjain, and the local zamindars agreed to pay Chauth to the Marathas. The chief zamindar, Nandlal Chaudhury (later known as Nandlal Mandloi), paid a chauth of around Rs. 25,000 to the Marathas. Jai Singh II, the Mughal Governor of Malwa, reached Kampel on 8 May 1715, and defeated the Marathas in a battle near the village. The Marathas came back in early 1716, and raided Kampel in 1717. In March 1718, the Marathas, led by Santaji Bhonsale, invaded Malwa again, but were unsuccessful this time.
By 1720, the headquarters of the local pargana were transferred from Kampel to Indore, due to the increasing commercial activity in the city. In 1724, the Marathas under the new Peshwa Baji Rao I, launched a fresh attack on the Mughals in Malwa. Baji Rao I himself led the campaign, accompanied by his lieutenants Udaji Rao Pawar, Malhar Rao Holkar and Ranoji Scindia. The Mughal Nizam met the Peshwa at Nalchha on 18 May 1724, and acceded to his demand of collecting chauth from the area. The Peshwa returned to the Deccan, but left Malhar Rao Holkar at Indore to oversee the chauth collection.
The Marathas maintained friendly relations with Nandlal Chaudhary, who held influence over the local Sardars (chiefs). In 1728, they defeated the Mughals decisively at Amjhera, and consolidated their authority in the area over the next few years. On 3 October 1730, Malhar Rao Holkar was appointed as the Maratha chief of Malwa. The local zamindars, who had the title of Chaudhari, came to be known as Mandlois (after mandal, an administrative unit) during the Maratha reign. The Holkar dynasty of the Marathas, which controlled the region, conferred the title of Rao Raja upon the local zamindar family. After Nandlal died, his son Tejkarana was accepted as the Mandloi of Kampel by the Peshwa Baji Rao I. The pargana was formally granted to Malhar Rao Holkar by merging 28 and one-half Pargana by the Peshwa in 1733. The pargana headquarters were transferred back to Kampel during his reign. After his death, his daughter-in-law Ahilyabai Holkar moved the headquarters to Indore in 1766. The tehsil of Kampel was converted into Indore tehsil by a change in the name. Ahilyabai Holkar moved the state's capital to Maheshwar in 1767, but Indore remained an important commercial and military center.
# Jamhuri

Jamhuri is a Swahili word meaning Republic. It may refer to the following articles:
* Jamhuri Day, a Kenyan national holiday celebrated in December
* Jamhuri News, a Kenyan news curating media serving the Kenyan Diaspora since 2016
* Jamhuri Jazz Band, a band founded in late the 1950s in Tanga, Tanzania
* Jamhuri Stadium (Morogoro), a stadium in Morogoro, Tanzania, home to Moro United football club
* Jamhuri Stadium (Dodoma), a stadium in Dodoma, Tanzania, home to JKT Ruvu Stars and Polisi Dodoma football clubs
* Jamhuri FC, an association football club from Zanzibar based in Pemba Island
Jamhuri may also refer to:
* Kenya, officially called Jamhuri ya Kenya.
* Tanzania, officially Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania.
# Osterburg (Groothusen)

The Osterburg is a castle from the High Middle Ages in the village of Groothusen in the municipality of Krummhörn, in the district of Aurich in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## Location

The castles lies at the eastern end of the East Frisian village next to a protected landscape. Today it houses a large quantity of historical memorabilia.

## History

The village of Groothusen was originally built on a long warft in the early Middle Ages and was an important trading centre and meeting place in the Frisian Emsigerland, as well as the provost office for 12 parishes. At that time, like many other places in Krummhörn, it was on the edge of a bay and was accessible to shipping. There were, in those days, three moated castles in the village: the Osterburg, Middelburg and Westerburg. Only the Osterburg - rebuilt in 1490 - has survived; the other two were destroyed by Hamburg forces during feuds in 1400 and 1432.
The Osterburg, is surrounded by a moat in the middle of a park with an old lime tree avenue. The oldest part is a long, two-story hall, which was built around 1490 by the chieftain family of Beninga. Around 1550 the castle was converted into a three-winged manor house, when two lower wings were built in front of the hall. In 1700 the right wing was demolished to make way for a Gulf farmhouse, which was built in 1707. The last structural change to the Osterburg was carried out in 1900, when a hallway was built in front of the hall. So the form of the original building cannot be easily seen from the front. From the rear of the building there is however a view of the original stage of construction.
Today the Osterburg houses a significant collection of cultural and art historical artefacts such as furniture, weapons, a library, items of Old East Frisian culture and a remarkable art collection of ancestral portraits from five centuries.
The castle is now owned by the descendants of the chieftain family of Beninga and may be visited in guided tours arranged by telephone. The left wing has been extended to create guest rooms, where bed and breakfast is offered.

## Sources

* Kempe, Enno F. (1989). Die Osterburg zu Groothusen (Ostfriesische Kunstführer, Heft 12). Aurich. ISBN 3-925365-34-6
# Jeanne, Dame de Chateaudun

Jeanne, Dame de Chateaudun (c. 1227 – after 1252) was a French heiress and the wife of two French noblemen: Jean I de Montfort and John II of Brienne, Grand Butler of France.

## Family

Jeanne was born in France in about the year 1227, the eldest daughter and co-heiress of Geoffrey VI, Viscount of Châteaudun, and his wife Clémence des Roches (died after September 1259). Her father also held the titles of seigneur of Chateaudun, Chateau-du-Loir, Mayet, Loupeland, Montdoubleau, and la Suze. In 1229, he participated in the Crusade against the Albigenses in the Languedoc.
Her paternal grandparents were Geoffrey V, Viscount de Chateaudun and Alix de Freteval, and her maternal grandparents were William des Roches, Seneschal of Anjou, and Marguerite de Sablé, daughter of Robert de Sablé and Clémence de Mayenne. Jeanne had a younger sister Clémence de Chateaudun (after 1227 – before 1 February 1259), who married Robert de Dreux, Viscount de Chateaudun (1217–1264). She had a brother, Pierre de Chateaudun (died after 1251), who was a monk.

## Marriages and issue

In March 1248 Jeanne married her first husband Jean I de Montfort, son of Amaury VI, Count of Montfort and Beatrice of Burgundy, by whom she had one daughter:
* Beatrice de Montfort, Countess of Montfort-l'Amaury (c. December 1248/1249 – 9 March 1312), in 1260 married Robert IV of Dreux, Count of Dreux (1241–1282), they were the parents of six children, including John II, Count of Dreux and Yolande de Dreux, queen consort of Alexander III of Scotland.
In the year 1249, de Montfort died in Cyprus, while participating in the Seventh Crusade. Jeanne married her second husband John II of Brienne (1230–1296), Grand Butler of France, in 1251. She was his first wife. John II of Brienne was the son of John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem, Emperor of Constantinople, and his third wife Berenguela of Leon. A daughter was born to John II of Brienne and Jeanne:
* Blanche de Brienne, Baroness Tingry (c. 1252 – c. 1302). In 1269, married William II de Fiennes, Baron of Tingry. They had at least three children, including Margaret de Fiennes, mother of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March

## Legacy

Jeanne died on an unknown date. There is a source which claims that she attained the title of Dame de Chateau-du-Loir in 1265. The title of Loupeland she passed on to her daughter Blanche.
Her husband John II of Brienne subsequently married Marie de Coucy (c. 1218 – 1285), widow of King Alexander II of Scotland.
# Müsüslü Military Detachment

Müsüslü Military Unit (Müsüslü Hərbi Dəstəsi) the national military unit and subdivisions that took up positions in June 1918 near the Müsüslü station against the forces of the I Caucasian Red Corps, which consisted of the Dashnak-Bolshevik groups of the Baksovnarkom, which were moving towards Ganja to liquidate the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.

## Creation

They were based on Azerbaijani units and subdivisions created as part of the Muslim Corps. While the attack of the Dashnak-Bolshevik groups on Ganja was intensifying, the chief of staff of the Caucasian Islamic Army Nazim bey arrived at the Müsüslü station on June 14, 1918, and took personal command of the national units and subdivisions located here. On June 27, 1918, Nazim bey was called to Ganja. The military units and subdivisions near Müsüslü were united under a single command and were named the Müsüslü Detachment. By order of the commander of the Caucasian Islamic Army, Lieutenant Colonel Habib Bey Salimov was appointed commander of this detachment. The detachment included the following Azerbaijani units and subunits:
* I and II companies of the 1st Tatar cavalry regiment
* II company of the 2nd Cavalry unit
* Garayazin cavalry-land forces and foot unit
* Machine gun company
* Armored train
* Field artillery battery
* Telegraph platoon
* Goychay soldier company

## Battles

A detachment consisting of the 1st brigade of the 1st Caucasian red Dashnak-Bolshevik corps and the personnel of the instruction school was created against the Müsüslü detachment. The Bolsheviks also had an armored train.
On July 2, 1918, the detachment of L. Bicherakhov was also involved against the Müsüslü detachment, to which the command of the front was transferred. The Müsüslü detachment took part in 3 battles: June 18–29 on the Müsüslü-Garamaryam line, July 5-10 near Kurdamir, and July 12-14 near Karrar station. Depending on the mashstab of the battles, the detachment was strengthened both by the Ottoman Armed Forces and by volunteer Azerbaijani detachments. For example, during the Kurdamir battles, on the orders of Nuri Pasha, detachments located in Agdash and Khaldan, as well as a Qazax detachment, consisting of 350 unarmed fighters, were added to the Müsüslü detachment.
On July 16, 1918, the Southern group was created on the basis of the Müsüslü detachment, and the Müsüslü detachment was disbanded..
# Zemitrella

Zemitrella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Species

Species within the genus Zemitrella include:
* Zemitrella annectens Powell, 1937
* Zemitrella attenuata Powell, 1940
* Zemitrella bandaensis Hoffman, K. Monsecour & Freiwald, 2019
* Zemitrella benthicola Dell, 1956
* † Zemitrella bikiniensis Ladd, 1977
* Zemitrella brunnescens (Thiele, 1925)
* Zemitrella cera Okutani, 1964
* Zemitrella choava (Reeve, 1859)
* Zemitrella circumcincta Dell, 1962
* Zemitrella contigua Powell, 1934
* Zemitrella daemona (W. H. Webster, 1906)
* † Zemitrella elongata Beu, 1967
* Zemitrella epicroca K. Monsecour & D. Monsecour, 2016
* Zemitrella fallax Powell, 1940
* Zemitrella finlayi Powell, 1933
* † Zemitrella haroldi Laws, 1935
* Zemitrella helena (Thiele, 1925)
* Zemitrella hella (Thiele, 1925)
* Zemitrella laevigata (Suter, 1908)
* Zemitrella laevirostris Powell, 1940
* † Zemitrella mahoenuica Laws, 1935
* Zemitrella parhelena (Barnard, 1959)
* Zemitrella pseudomarginata (Suter, 1908)
* Zemitrella pura (E. von Martens, 1904)
* Zemitrella regis Powell, 1940
* Zemitrella rosea (F. W. Hutton, 1873)
* Zemitrella sericea Powell, 1937
* Zemitrella siligo Okutani, 1964
* Zemitrella spengleri Lussi, 2009
* Zemitrella spreta (Thiele, 1925)
* Zemitrella stephanophora (Suter, 1908)
* † Zemitrella subsuturalis C. A. Fleming, 1943
* Zemitrella sulcata (F. W. Hutton, 1873)
* Zemitrella tenuicostata K. Monsecour & D. Monsecour, 2016
* Zemitrella turgida Powell, 1937
* Zemitrella websteri (Suter, 1913)
* Zemitrella whangaroaensis Dell, 1956

### Synonyms

* Zemitrella brunescens (W. H. Turton, 1932): synonym of Zemitrella hella (Thiele, 1925)
* Zemitrella constans Powell, 1955: synonym of Zemitrella sulcata constans Powell, 1955 (original combination)
* Zemitrella curvirostris Powell, 1937: synonym of Zemitrella laevigata curvirostris Powell, 1937 (original combination)
* Zemitrella indistincta (Thiele, 1925): synonym of Costoanachis indistincta (Thiele, 1925)
* † Zemitrella muscula Ludbrook, 1941 : synonym of † Dentimitrella muscula (Ludbrook, 1941)
# Laag (disambiguation)

Laag is commonly used for a South Tyrolean, Italian Frazione. It may also refer to:
* Laag (TV series) – a Pakistani drama.
* Låg – a Germanic adjective and last name (e.g., Jul Låg and David Låg Tomasi)
* Liwa Assad Allah al-Ghalib fi al-Iraq wa al-Sham, often shortened to LAAG – a Shia Muslim militant group involved in the Syrian Civil War and Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
# Robert Macfarlan (Australian judge)

Robert Bruce Scott Macfarlan (born 22 November 1949) is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the state of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy.

## Education

Macfarlan is the son of Bruce Panton Macfarlan (1910-1978) and Barbara, daughter of H. R. Hamilton Scott. His father was a lecturer in law at the University of Sydney and a barrister, subsequently appointed a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, then judge in Admiralty and judge in Commercial Causes. Macfarlan's paternal grandfather, Alfred Ingram Macfarlan (1861-1929), was nephew of the timber merchant and philanthropist John Goodlet, and held a senior position in the family business, Goodlet & Smith, as company secretary.
Macfarlan was educated at Cranbrook School. He subsequently graduated in Arts and Law (with first class honours) from the University of Sydney.

## Career

From 1972 to 1976, Macfarlan worked as a solicitor at Sydney law firm Blake Dawson Waldron.
Macfarlan came to the bar in 1976 and was made Queen's Counsel in 1986. He served as a member of the Administrative Decisions Tribunal from 1999 to 2008 and as a member of the Legal Services Tribunal from 1994 to 1999.
In September 2008, Macfarlan was appointed to the NSW Court of Appeal.

## Personal life

In 1972, Macfarlan married Janine Carmel O'Brien; they had two sons and a daughter before the dissolution of their marriage in 1997. He married secondly, in 1998, literary consultant and former barrister Nicole Estelle, daughter of judge Alan Richard Abadee, AM, RFD; they have a son.
# Kanen Breen

Kanen Breen is an Australian operatic tenor.
Breen first performed with the Victoria State Opera, before roles with Opera Australia and Rodolfo in Baz Luhrmann's Broadway production of La bohème.
He performed with his close friend Jacqueline Dark, with whom he shares a son, in the cabaret Strange Bedfellows at the 2017 Adelaide Cabaret Festival.
He has received the Helpmann Award for Best Male Performer in a Supporting Role in an Opera three times, for Opera Australia's Partenope in 2011, for Saul at the Adelaide Festival in 2017 and for Pinchgut Opera's L'incoronazione di Poppea in 2018.
# Roy Eriksen

Professor Roy T. Eriksen (8 October 1948 – 22 April 2019) was a Norwegian Renaissance scholar and Marlowe scholar teaching at the University of Agder.

## Education and Employment

Roy T. Eriksen studied at the University of Oslo with Maren-Sofie Røstvig. He wrote his Ph.D thesis on a structural analysis of Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus.
Taught at University of Oslo 1977-1986:
* Research Fellow in English Literature, 1977
* Senior Lecturer in Comparative Literature, 1986
Taught at the University of Tromsø 1986-2003
* Professor of English Literature 1986-2003
Professor of Renaissance Studies, at the Norwegian Institute in Rome, 1997-2000 Taught at University of Bergen 1997-1999
* Appointed Professor of English Literature
Taught at University of Agder 2003-2019
* Professor English Renaissance Literature and Culture
Visiting Fellowships
* British Council Fellow, Cambridge University, 1982–1983
* NAVF Research Fellow, Cambridge University, 1986
* Visiting Professor, Villa I Tatti, Florence, 1990–1991, 1994, 1996, 2008
* Universit`s di Padova, Guest Professor 2017
Eriksen was head of the international research group Early Modern Research Group based at the University of Agder. He was general editor of the interdisciplinary journal Early Modern Culture Online and general editor of the bookseries Early Modern and Modern Studies.
Academic Awards
* Eriksen received Agder Academy of Sciences and Letters's award for outstanding research in 2007.

## Festschrift

Festschrifts in honor of Eriksen were produced in 1998 and 2008.
* Guest, Clare Lapraik (2008) Rhetoric, theatre and the arts of design : essays presented to Roy Eriksen Oslo: Novus Press

## Publications
### Books

* The Forme of Faustus Fortunes. A Study of the Tragedie of Doctor Faustus (1616), 1987, ISBN 0-391-03440-5, 82-560-0416-9
* The Building in the text. Alberti to Shakespeare and Milton, 2001 ISBN 0-271-02022-9
* L'Edifio testuale. Milano; Mimesis, 2014. Revised and expanded translation of The Building in the Text (in collaboration with Penn UP.

### Translations

* Christopher Marlowe, Doktor Faustus: En tragedie (Doctor Faustus: A Tragedy), Solum, 1987
* John Marston, Kurtisanen (The Dutch Courtesan), Solum, 1988
* William Shakespeare, 1 Henrik den fjerde (1 Henry the Fourth), Solum, 1989

### Edited Volumes

* Contexts of Pre – Novel Narrative: The European Tradition, 1994
* Contexts of Baroque: Theatre, Metamorphosis, and Design, 1997
* Rhetoric across the Humanities (with Toril Swan), 1999
* Innovation and Tradition: Essays in Renaissance Art and Culture (with Dag T. Andersson), 2000, ISBN 88-7890-384-1
* The Burden of the Ceremony Master (with Staale Sinding-Larsen, 2001
* Ashes to ashes : art in Rome between humanism and maniera (with Victor Plahte Tschudi), 2006, ISBN 978-88-8476-103-3
* Imitation, representation and printing in the Italian Renaissance (with Magne Malmanger), 2009, ISBN 978-88-6227-111-0
# Interavia

Interavia may refer to:
* Interavia Airlines, a Russian airline
* Interavia (magazine), a monthly aerospace magazine published in English, French, German and Spanish
* Interavia I-3, a Russian aerobatic competition airplane
# Jeff Banks (American football)

Jeff Banks (born April 8, 1975) is an American football coach and former player. He is the assistant head coach, tight ends coach, and special teams coordinator at the University of Texas, a position he has held since 2021. Banks served as the interim head coach at Texas A&M University at the end of the 2017 season coach in the Aggies in the 2017 Belk Bowl, following the firing of Kevin Sumlin. Following that, Banks became the special teams coordinator and tight end coach at the University of Alabama from 2018–2021 until being hired by new head coach at the University of Texas, Steve Sarkisian.

## Playing career

Banks played football at Bishop Amat Memorial High School, graduating in 1993. He started his college career at San Diego State University, where he redshirted for the 1993 season. Following the season, SDSU fired head coach Al Luginbill, and Banks transferred to Citrus College, a community college in Glendora, California. Banks played in the 1994 and 1995 seasons as a punter and then transferred to Washington State University.

## Coaching career

Following his graduation from Washington State, Banks joined Mike Price's staff as a graduate assistant. He spent the 1999 and 2000 seasons there before moving on to Idaho State. He spent the next three seasons at Idaho State before reuniting with Price at the University of Texas at El Paso in 2004. Banks departed UTEP after the 2012 season to become the running backs coach/special teams coordinator at Virginia, but resigned after nine days to take the same job at Texas A&M. Larry Lewis, who had coached Banks during his playing days at Washington State, replaced him.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Bowl/playoffs |
| Texas A&M Aggies (Southeastern Conference) (2017) ||||||
| 2017 | Texas A&M | 0–1 | 0–0 | L Belk |
| Texas A&M: | Texas A&M: | 0–1 | 0–0 | |
| Total: | Total: | 0–1 | | |
# Guishan Island

Guishan Island may refer to:
* Guishan Island (Yilan), an island of Taiwan
* Guishan Island (China), an island of China in the Wanshan Archipelago
# Rosa 'Charles Austin'

Rosa 'Charles Austin' (aka AUSfather) is an apricot shrub rose cultivar bred and introduced by David Austin in England in 1973. The rose was hybridised by crossing the English rose 'Chaucer' (Austin, 1970) with the pink Hybrid Tea 'Aloha' (Boerner 1949) and is named after the breeder's father. It was one of the early English roses.

## Description

Double, flat or slightly cupped flowers with a strong, fruity fragrance, and an average diameter of 10 cm (4 inches) appear in small cluster of 3 to 5 in flushes throughout the season.Their colour is an apricot blend, with stronger colours at the petal base, fading to cream at the edges. The flowers have about 70 petals arranged in a quartered bloom form, with the outer ones lighter than the inner ones, and are well suited as cut flowers.
The tall and bushy shrub can grow well in excess of 200 cm, especially in warmer climates and is somewhat slow to rebloom, especially if not drastically pruned after the first flush. The cultivar has large leaves and fine, red prickles, is winter hardy up to −20 °C (USDA zone 5b – 10b), but susceptible to black spot and mildew. Due to its size, it can be grown as a freestanding shrub, pegged or trained as a small climber.

## History
### David Austin roses

David C. H. Austin (1926 – 2018) was an award-winning rose breeder, nursery owner and writer from Shropshire, England. He began breeding roses in the 1950s with the goal of creating new shrub rose varieties that would possess the best qualities of old-fashioned roses while incorporating the long flowering characteristics of hybrid tea roses and floribundas. His first commercially successful rose cultivar was 'Constance Spry', which he introduced in 1961. He created a new, informal class of roses in the 1960s, which he named "English Roses". Austin's roses are generally known today as "David Austin Roses". Austin attained international commercial success with his new rose varieties. Some of his most popular roses include 'Wife of Bath' (1969), 'Canterbury' (1969), and 'Abraham Darby' (1985)

### 'Charles Austin'

This rose was bred by Austin in 1973 and named for his father, Charles Austin. The rose was hybridised by crossing the English rose 'Chaucer' (Austin, 1970) with the pink Hybrid Tea 'Aloha' (Boerner 1949). It was one of the early English roses. 'Charles Austin' was further used by Austin as a parent rose and fathered ten cultivars, including 'Leander' (1982), 'Graham Thomas' (1983), 'Swan' (1987), 'Brother Cadfael' (1990), 'Golden Celebration' (1992), 'Tradescant' (1993), 'Teasing Georgia' (1998) and 'Benjamin Britten' (2001). In 1981, Austin introduced a sport (mutation) – 'Yellow Charles Austin' – with lemon to golden yellow colours, that fade to cream. Charles Austin (Ausfather) is one of a number of varieties which has been 'retired' by the David Austin Roses company in favour of other more modern and healthy varieties.
# Zberg

Zberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Beat Zberg (born 1971), Swiss cyclist
* Luzia Zberg (born 1970), Swiss cyclist
* Markus Zberg (born 1974), Swiss cyclist, brother of Beat