OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# R.M. Wade & Co.

R.M. Wade & Co. is a Beaverton, Oregon based manufacturer of agricultural and irrigation equipment. Founded in 1865 by Robert M. Wade, it is the oldest family-owned company in the state of Oregon. It is notable for creating the Wade Drag Saw in the early 1930s, and its national distribution of the Ford-Ferguson Tractor. It is the parent company of Wade Rain, one of the first irrigation companies in the United States, which currently sells farming and irrigation products internationally.

## History

R.M. Wade & Co. was founded by Robert Morris Wade in 1865, fifteen years after he crossed the Oregon Trail as a teenager. In the midst of the California Gold rush in the year 1855, he arrived in California and set up a supply store in a gold mining camp. Following this, he moved to Salem, Oregon and founded R.M. Wade & Co. The company primarily sold farming equipment and buggies to agricultural dealers in the state of Oregon. By 1888, it had branches in Tillamook, McMinnville, Salem, Corvallis, Independence, and Portland. Mr. Wade's son-in-law, Edward J. Newbegin (spouse of Susan Wade), became president in 1915. Under his leadership, the company produced the Wade Drag Saw, the predecessor of the common chainsaw, which was sold internationally for several decades. In 1927 R.M. Wade & Co. purchased Multnomah Iron Works, later to become R.M. Wade's subsidiary company, Wade Rain.
In 1929, upon the death of Edward J. Newbegin, his son Wade Newbegin became the President of the company, and remained so until 1991. During his time as president, the company distributed the Ford-Ferguson tractor throughout the Northwest, New Holland Farm Equipment, Howard Rotavators and Goulds pumps. During World War II, R.M. Wade & Co. focused primarily on manufacturing ship component parts, most notably for the Kaiser BB-3 Airplane Carrier as well as Kaiser ships and tugboats produced at Kaiser shipyard in Vancouver, Washington.
In 1937, the company established the Wade Rain Division, one of original irrigation companies in the United States. Wade Rain is currently operated by Edward Newbegin, Wade Newbegin's son.

## Recognition

In 1945, R.M. Wade & Co. won the Maritime M award for production excellence during World War II.
In 1979, Wade Newbegin won the Irrigation Association's Industry Achievement Award
In 1999, Edward Newbegin, great-grandson of R.M. Wade, was elected President of the Irrigation Association

## Academic scholarships

The R.M. Wade Foundation provides an annual scholarship for excellence in teaching at Oregon State University's College of Agricultural Sciences. It further provides academic scholarships for students enrolled in agricultural studies in the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountain region.

## Today

In 2004 the company was divided into two separate corporations. R.M. Wade is a distributor of agricultural equipment and a real estate holding company, while Wade Rain, based in Tualatin, Oregon, continues as an operating company selling irrigation and mining products, currently headed by Edward H. Newbegin and John Wade Newbegin.
# Laskier

Laskier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rutka Laskier (1929–1943), Jewish teenager from Poland who wrote a Holocaust diary
* Frank Laskier (1912–1948), British seaman famous during World War II
# WeLab Bank

WeLab Bank Limited (Chinese: 匯立銀行) is a virtual bank and a wholly owned subsidiary of WeLab.

## History
### Founding to launch (2018–2020)

In 2017, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) began to explore the need to accelerate the development of FinTech firms in Hong Kong, particularly virtual banks. By 2018, the HKMA had begun the application process for a virtual banking license in Hong Kong, with the first deadline being 31 August 2018. In response to this initiative, WeLab established WeLab Digital Limited on 21 August 2018, and submitted an application before the first deadline; William Leung was appointed in December 2018 to oversee the application process. WeLab Digital Limited changed its name to WeLab Bank Limited on 16 September 2019.
On 10 April 2019, WeLab Bank became the fourth bank to be awarded a virtual banking license in Hong Kong, becoming the first homegrown startup to do so. On the same day, WeLab Bank announced that current WeLab senior advisor Ceajer Chan would become its Chairman. WeLab Bank announced the launch of its Pilot Trial 1 year later on 28 April 2020, in which 2,000 users (selected from a pool of staff members, family and friends of staff, and the official waiting list) will be given early access to WeLab Bank's banking products.
WeLab Bank officially launched to the public on 30 July 2020, 3 months after their pilot trial began and nearly 2 years after the company was established.

### Since launch (2020–)

WeLab Bank became the third virtual bank in Hong Kong to launch, and more than 10,000 accounts were opened within the first 10 days of launch.

## Product Scope

WeLab Bank currently offers deposit services (savings accounts and time deposits) and loans to individual customers.

## Leadership

* Chairman: Ceajer Chan (since April 2019)
* Chief Executive: Tat Lee (since January 2021)

### List of former chief executives

* William Leung (2018–2019)
* Adrian Tse (2020–2021)

### Board of directors

| Appointed | Name | Role | Principal Occupation | Notes |
| 21 August 2018 | Simon Loong | Non-executive Director | Co-founder and Chief Executive of WeLab Limited | Co-founder of the parent company of WeLab Bank |
| 21 August 2018 | Ceajer Chan | Non-executive Director | Chairman of WeLab Bank | Chairman |
| 3 March 2021 | Ernest Leung | Non-executive Director | Chief Operating Officer of Welab Limited | COO of the parent company of WeLab Bank |
| 1 June 2019 | Lee Ka Tat | Executive Director | Chief Executive of WeLab Bank | Chief Executive |
| 1 June 2019 | Donald Roberts | Independent Non-executive Director | Former Group Deputy Chief Financial Officer of Hutchison Whampoa Limited | |
| 30 August 2019 | Irene Chang | Independent Non-executive Director | Former Retail Credit Head at Citibank |
# Homaloxestis lochitis

Homaloxestis lochitis is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918. It is found in southern India.
The wingspan is about 9 mm. The forewings are pale whitish ochreous with a black dot on the base of the costa. The discal stigmata are moderate and black, with a black dot on the dorsum beneath the second and small black marginal dots or marks around the posterior part of the costa and termen. The hindwings are light grey.
# I. W. Taber

Isaiah West Taber (August 17, 1830 – February 22, 1912) was an American daguerreotypist, ambrotypist, and photographer who took many pictures of noted Californians, which he donated to the California State Library "that the state may preserve the names and faces, and keep alive the memory of those who made it what it is." He was also a sketch artist and dentist. His studio also produced a series of stereoscopic views of west coast scenery.

## Biography

Taber was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts and between 1845 and 1849 he worked at sea on a whaler. He first moved to California in 1850. He returned East in 1854 and opened his first photography studio in Syracuse, New York. In 1864, he returned to California, where he worked in the studio of Bradley and Rulofson until 1873.
In 1871, Taber opened his own studio, where he gained fame for reproducing the photos of Carleton Watkins after Watkins went bankrupt, although the reproductions were published without credit to Watkins.
In 1880, Taber made a six-week photographic trip to the Hawaiian Islands where, among other subjects, he photographed the Hawaiian King Kalākaua, completing a commission for three full-length portraits. The following year Kalākaua visited Taber's studio in San Francisco. At this time the Japanese photographer Suzuki Shin'ichi (1855–1912) was studying photographic techniques with Taber; Suzuki also photographed King Kalākaua (in 1881) and may have been the source of some views of Japan included in Taber's stock.
By the 1890s, Taber had expanded his operations to include studios in London, England and in elsewhere Europe. However, the 1906 San Francisco earthquake destroyed his San Francisco studio, gallery, and negative collection, ending his photographic career.
# Poland women's national rugby sevens team

The Poland women's national rugby sevens team represents Poland in rugby sevens. They compete in the Rugby Europe Women's Sevens.

## History

Poland placed second overall at the 2021 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Championship Series. They helped Kazakhstan prepare for the Olympic qualifiers.
Poland qualified for the 2022 Rugby World Cup Sevens in Cape Town after winning one of four available spots at the European Qualifiers in Bucharest. The team then won the silver medal at the 2023 European Games, qualifying for the final 2024 Summer Olympics play off tournament.
In 2024, they participated in the World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series; they placed sixth overall in the first round of the series which took place in Dubai. They finished fourth at the 2024 Sevens Challenger Series and secured their place at the new SVNS Play-off promotion and relegation competition in Madrid.

## Tournament history
### Rugby World Cup Sevens

Rugby World Cup Sevens :
| Year | Round | Position | Pld | W | L | D |
| 2009 | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2013 | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2018 | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2022 | Challenge Final | 10th | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 0 Titles | 1/4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 |

## Players
### Recent squad

Poland's squad to the 2024 World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series:
| No. | Player | Date of birth (age) |
| 1 | Patrycja Zawadzka | |
| 2 | Julianna Schuster | (1997-05-17) 17 May 1997 (age 27) |
| 3 | Tamara Czumer-Iwin | |
| 5 | Marta Morus | (2003-08-09) 9 August 2003 (age 21) |
| 7 | Anna Klichowska | (1993-03-25) 25 March 1993 (age 31) |
| 9 | Hanna Maliszewska | (1992-04-19) 19 April 1992 (age 32) |
| 10 | Julia Druzgała | (2004-04-28) 28 April 2004 (age 20) |
| 11 | Natalia Pamięta | (1999-08-28) 28 August 1999 (age 25) |
| 12 | Sylwia Witkowska | (1996-04-14) 14 April 1996 (age 28) |
| 13 | Ilona Zaishliuk | (1997-10-10) 10 October 1997 (age 26) |
| 15 | Martyna Wardaszka | |
| 19 | Oliwia Krysiak | |

### Previous squads

Squad to the 2022 World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series :
| Squad | Patrycja Zawadzka • Julianna Schuster • Tamara Czumer-Iwin • Małgorzata Kołdej • Marta Morus • Katarzyna Paszczyk • Anna Klichowska • Karolina Jaszczyszyn (c) • Hanna Maliszewska • Julia Druzgała • Natalia Pamięta • Sylwia Witkowska |
Squad to the 2021 Rugby Europe Women's Sevens Championship Series :
| Squad | Marta Nowosz • Aleksandra Lachowska • Tamara Czumer • Malgorzata Koldej • Marta Morus • Patrycja Zawadzka • Anna Klichowska • Karolina Jaszczyszyn (c) • Hanna Maliszewska • Julia Druzgala • Natalia Pamieta • Sylwia Witkowska |
# Tricarbonate

In organic chemistry, a tricarbonate is a compound containing the divalent −O−C(=O)−O−C(=O)−O−C(=O)−O− functional group, which consists of three carbonate groups linked in a chain by sharing of oxygen atoms. These compounds can be viewed as derivatives of a hypothetical tricarbonic acid, HO−C(=O)−O−C(=O)−O−C(=O)−OH. An important example is di-tert-butyl tricarbonate (H$_3$C−)$_3$C−C$_3$O$_7$−C(−CH$_3$)$_3$, an intermediate in the synthesis of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate.
The term tricarbonate is sometimes used for salts that contain three carbonate dianions in their covalent structure or stoichiometric formula, such as cerium tricarbonate Ce$_2$(CO$_3$)$_3$.
# Thomas Kincaid-Smith

Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Malcolm Harvey Kincaid-Smith (6 July 1874 – 31 December 1938), known as Malcolm Kincaid-Smith was a British Liberal politician and soldier.
Commissioned a second lieutenant into the 9th Lancers on 10 October 1894, he was promoted to lieutenant on 25 September 1895. Kincaid-Smith was seconded for Colonial Office service in October 1898. When he returned from secondment he was back as a regular lieutenant in his regiment in January 1900, and served with the provisional Regiment of Lancers in South Africa during the Second Boer War. Following the end of the war in June 1902, he left Cape Town on the SS Canada and returned to Southampton in late July. He was promoted captain in 1903, but went on half-pay in 1904 due to ill health, and resigned his commission in 1908.
Kincaid-Smith was elected as Member of Parliament for Stratford-on-Avon in 1906. In 1909, he resigned his seat and left the Liberal Party to advocate compulsory military training. He stood as an independent, supported by the National Service League, at the ensuing by-election, but was badly defeated.
Upon the outbreak of World War I, he was recalled from the reserve and appointed a staff officer. He was made an assistant provost-marshal in 1915, holding the post for a year. He was made a temporary major in the Wiltshire Regiment, and then a temporary lieutenant-colonel while commanding a school of instruction and a musketry camp in 1917. In 1918, Kincaid-Smith was transferred to command of a reception camp as a temporary major.
He stood for the National Party in Frome in 1918, but was defeated.
He left the reserves due to age in 1929.
# Piz de Groven

Piz de Groven is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, located between Selma and Lostallo in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. With an elevation of 2,694 metres above sea level, it is the highest summit of the chain south of Pass de Buffalora (2,261 metres).
# Hélène Metzger

Hélène Metzger (26 August 1889 – 7 March 1944) was a French philosopher of science and historian of science. In her writings she focused mainly on the history of chemistry. She was murdered in the Holocaust.

## Early life and education

Hélène Bruhl was born on 26 August 1889 to an upper middle-class Jewish family in Chatou. She was the niece of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, an influential French anthropologist. Her father insisted that she and her sister stop their studies after only three years at university. In 1912, she obtained a diploma in crystallography. She married in 1914, and was widowed only a few months afterwards, after which she returned to research.

## Research and writing

In 1918, Metzger submitted a thesis on the emergence of the science of crystals. During the 1920s and 30s, she published six books on the history of chemistry in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, whilst supporting herself on the money from her dowry.
# Lasiothyris competitrix

Lasiothyris competitrix is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Santa Catarina, Brazil.
# Nanjing University of the Arts

The Nanjing University of the Arts (NUA; Chinese: 南京艺术学院), also known as the Nanjing Arts Institute, is a university offering undergraduate and graduate degrees in fine arts, design, and related subjects.

## History

The institutional history begins in 1912, with the foundation of Shanghai Chinese Art College. The name was changed to the Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts of in 1930. The amalgamation of several universities in 1952 produced East China Arts College, situated in Wuxi. In 1958, East China Arts College relocated to Nanjing, and in 1959 it acquired its present name. The lyrics to the school song were written by Cai Yuanpei. The university's partnerships include programs with the University of Dayton and Hokuriku University.
The university is served by the Caochangmen/NUA/JSSNU station of the Nanjing Metro.
# I. Zhansugurov Literary Museum

The I. Zhansugurov Literary Museum in Taldykorgan is a center for the study of the poet Ilyas Zhansugurov. The museum is situated at 239 Abay Street, Taldykorgan city, Almaty region in Kazakhstan.

## Description

The museum was established in 1984 to celebrate the 90th anniversary of the poet's birth.
The main purpose of the museum is to collect, store and provide materials related to the life and literary activities of the poet. The museum organizes excursions and evenings in memory of the poet regularly. Its collection contains 6,073 items of scientific, auxiliary and museum significance. The fund contains manuscripts, photographs, books, personal belongings and the poet's study.

## Structure

The museum covers an area of 280.5 m$^2$ (3,019 sq ft) and consists of six rooms, each of which is a thematic exhibition:
* The poet's juvenile and adolescent years;
* Formation, development, social activity of the poet;
* The working room of the poet;
* Creativity of Ilyas Zhansugurov;
* The poet's legacy.
The building of the museum was constructed in 1907 and is a monument of architecture and urban planning, protected by the state.
# James Bowron

James Bowron (November 16, 1844 - August 26, 1928) was chairman of the board of the Gulf States Steel Corporation.

## Biography

He was born in Stockton-on-Tees, England on November 16, 1844. He married Ada Louisa Barrett on June 20, 1870. He and his father migrated to South Pittsburg, Tennessee around 1875. They started a small iron manufacturing business. In 1882 the Tennessee Coal, Iron, and Railroad Company purchased their company and Bowron became the treasurer of the merged company.
He died of August 26, 1928 in Birmingham, Alabama.
# Podsolisation

Podsolisation is an extreme form of leaching which causes the eluviation of iron and aluminium sesquioxides.
The process generally occurs in areas where precipitation is greater than evapotranspiration. The minerals are removed by a process known as leaching.
When organic material is broken down nutrients are released, but at the same time organic acids are released. These organic acids are known as chelating agents. Many podsol soils form underneath coniferous forests, the fact that pine trees are evergreen causes a very thin litter layer inhibiting the production of humus. As a result, an acidic (pH 4.5) mor humus is produced which provides a greater amount of chelating agents.

## The A Horizon

In podsolisation, chelating agents break down clay and release minerals such as iron and aluminium. When iron and aluminium are hydrated they become sesquioxides. The sesquioxides are translocated from the A Horizon, a zone of out-washing, to the B Horizon, a zone of illuviation. Many bases such as calcium and potassium are also leached from the zone along with organic matter and silica. Often minerals like quartz and silica are left behind in the A horizon. What is significantly different about podsols in comparison to other soils is that the bottom of A horizon is known as the AE horizon, which is an eluviated area which has lost sesquioxides. It tends to be an ash gray colour.

## The B Horizon

The B Horizon has dark layer where minerals, organic matter and bases are being illuviated (washed in/accumulated). Below this is a red/orange layer of iron and aluminium sesquioxides deposit. Some bases remain in the soil, though others may be lost by throughflow. In many podsols, Iron Pans are created. This can cause water logging which may then saturate the A horizon leading to mottling or a gleyed podsol.
Also useful: soil chemistry
# Triepeolus loomisorum

Triepeolus loomisorum is a species of cuckoo bee in the family Apidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
# Thomas Larimore

Thomas Larimore (fl. 1677-1706, last name occasionally Laramore, Larrimore, Laremore, or Laremoor) was a privateer and pirate active in the Caribbean and off the eastern seaboard of the American colonies. After helping suppress Bacon’s Rebellion and serving as a militia leader he turned to piracy, his activities intertwined with those of fellow pirate John Quelch.

## History

When Nathaniel Bacon rebelled against Virginia colonial officials in 1676, Larimore sided with the Virginia loyalists under Governor William Berkeley. He ferried troops and fought in and around Newport News in his ship Rebecca, which was captured by Bacon’s rebels then recaptured and returned to Larimore. He then used the Rebecca – with extra cannon added by the rebels – to capture the rebels’ remaining ships, helping lead the loyalists to victory.
Larimore also served as quartermaster aboard several different vessels during King William's War from 1688-1697. In 1702 he was commissioned as a privateer by Governor Joseph Dudley of Boston to sail against the French, and took at least five French ships. Dudley commissioned Larimore again in 1703, this time to lead a unit of foot soldiers to help defend Jamaica against the Spanish. His soldiers suffered from disease and went unpaid, shuffled around the Caribbean and as far north as Newfoundland before being returned to Boston that November.
Bitter and broke, Larimore threatened to take to piracy on his ship Larimore Galley. Returning to Cape Ann near Boston, a number of Quelch’s men came aboard Larimore’s ship, having dispersed on shore after leaving Quelch's Charles Galley to hide their loot. Governor Dudley’s men seized Larimore, his crew, and the remains of Quelch’s crew. Larimore was charged not with piracy but with harboring fugitives (Quelch's crew). He was sent to England for trial, but because of his service against the French and Spanish, Dudley asked officials to pardon him. By late 1706 Larimore had been returned to New England and again placed under arrest, “suspected of very ill designs and practices.”
# Piz di Pian

Piz di Pian is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps on the Swiss-Italian border. With an elevation of 3,158 m (10,361 ft), it is the highest summit on the chain south of Pizzo Tambo.
# Anolis pulchellus

Anolis pulchellus, the Puerto Rican anole, Puerto Rican bush anole, snake anole, or sharp-mouthed lizard, is a small species of anole lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is among the most common lizards in Puerto Rico, and also native to Vieques, Culebra, and the Virgin Islands (except St. Croix).
The sharp-mouthed lizard measures approximately 35 to 43 mm (1.4 to 1.7 in) in length from snout to vent. The species has a yellow-brown color with males having a purple dewlap that blends into crimson near the tip.
The anoles of the Greater Antilles have been extensively studied since they represent an interesting case of adaptive radiation. Species are more closely related to other species within the same island than to species of adjacent islands. Even though species divergence occurred independently on each island, the same set of ecomorphs (habitat specialists) have evolved on each island. Anolis pulchellus is considered a grass-bush anole, occurring primarily in bushes or grass.
# Rossmore, Johannesburg

Rossmore is a suburb of Johannesburg, around 5 km northwest of City Hall. It borders Langlaagte to the north and Homestead Park. The name comes from the village of Paarlshoop, the oldest private township on the Witwatersrand.
Rossmore covers 1 km$^2$ and borders Westdene on the northwest, Melville on the north, Auckland Park on the east, Brixton on the south, and Hurst Hill on the southwest. The majority of Rossmore consists of the Kingsway Campus Auckland Park of the University of Johannesburg, Helen Joseph Hospital, and Hoërskool Vorentoe. Just east of Chiselhurst Drive and north of the southwestern end of St. Swinthin's and Auckland Avenues, in the latter case very old ones.
Rossmore was founded on September 9, 1925, and was laid out on Braamfontein Farm. The suburb is named in honor of Lord Derrick Westenra, 5th Baron Rossmore's only daughter, Dame Mary Bailey, the second wife of the mining magnate, Sir Abe Bailey. In the early years, it had a largely even balance between Afrikaans and English speakers, but the transition from Rand Afrikaans University to the University of Johannesburg shifted the population toward a largely black, English- and Zulu-speaking one.

## Sources

* Potgieter, D.J. (ed.) (1972). Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Nasionale Opvoedkundige Uitgewery (Nasou).
* Stals, Prof. Dr. E.L.P (ed.) (1978). Afrikaners in die Goudstad, vol. 1: 1886 - 1924. Cape Town/Pretoria: HAUM.