OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pen-Strep

Pen-Strep (also known as penicillin-streptomycin) is a mixture of penicillin G and streptomycin that is widely used in mammalian cell culture media to prevent bacterial contamination. The solution contains 5,000 units of penicillin G (sodium salt) which acts as the active base, and 5,000 micrograms of streptomycin (sulfate) (base per milliliter), formulated in 0.85% saline. In general, 50-100 units of Pen-Strep per milliliter of media is used to avoid contamination in cell culture. Thus, the retail product is generally 100 times more concentrated. It is recommended for use in cell culture applications at a concentration of 10 ml per liter. It is the most common antibiotic solution for the culture of mammalian cells and it does not have any adverse effects on the cells themselves. It was first introduced in 1955 in cell culture.
Penicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is effective in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, whereas streptomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which is effective against most Gram-negative bacteria.

## Advantages and disadvantages

Penicillin is a narrow spectrum antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria and is relatively inexpensive, but penicillin can cause hypersensitivity reactions and is unstable in acid and alkaline pH environments. Streptomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic against Gram negative bacteria and is also relatively inexpensive, but can be rapidly destroyed at alkaline pH environments. The cell culture media is generally neutral in pH which is why Pen-Strep is still widely used in mammalian cell culture. For the purpose of contamination control in cell culture, gentamicin sulfate or kanamycin sulfate are also commonly used.
# My Soul (Leela James album)

My Soul is the third studio album by American soul singer-songwriter Leela James. It was released by Stax Records on May 25, 2010, in the United States, marking James' debut with the label. Her highest-charting effort to date, the album debuted and peaked at number 7 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and at number 37 on the US Billboard 200 chart.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| All About Jazz | favorable |
| Allmusic | |
| Billboard | favorable |
| The Dallas Morning News | A |
| Milwaukee Journal Sentinel | favorable |
| PopMatters | 5/10 |
Allmusic editor Andy Kellman found that "My Soul is James' best yet in every way. It does not feature quite as many big-name collaborators or eye-popping elements as her debut, but the material is stronger, more balanced between vintage and contemporary sounds, and James sounds more comfortable in her voice. Just as important is that she is coming into her own as a songwriter; four of the songs were written entirely by her, and they are among the album’s most affecting moments."

## Track listing

Credits adapted from the liner notes of My Soul.
Sample credits
* "I Ain't New To This" contains a sample of "Solitary Love Affair", performed by Millie Jackson.
* "The Fact Is" contains a sample of "Lovely Way She Loves", performed by The Moments
* "Tell Me You Love Me" contains a sample from "Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye", performed by The Manhattans.
* "It's Over" contains a sample of "Can't Be Alone", performed by Hodges, James & Smith.

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 37 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 7 |
# James O'Connell (unionist)

James O'Connell (August 22, 1858 – October 30, 1936) was an American labor union leader.
Born in Minersville, Pennsylvania, O'Connell completed an apprenticeship as a machinist, then went to work as a machinist on the railroads. He joined the Knights of Labor, and from 1889 to 1891 worked for the union in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania as a lobbyist. In about 1890, he joined what became the International Association of Machinists, and in 1891, he was elected to its executive.
In 1893, O'Connell was elected as Grand Master Machinist, leader of the union, continuing in the post after it was renamed "president" in 1899. In his early years with the union, its headquarters moved periodically, and he relocated first to Chicago, and then in 1900 to Washington DC.
The Machinists were affiliated to the American Federation of Labor (AFL), and in 1896, O'Connell was elected as one of the federation's vice presidents. In 1899, he represented the AFL at the annual Trades Union Congress in England. In addition, from 1901, he served on the executive of the National Civic Federation.
From 1908, O'Connell was the president of the Metal Trades Department of the AFL, and in 1911, this became his full-time role. He served on the government Commission on Industrial Relations in 1913, and on the Committee on Labor of the Advisory Commission of the Council of National Defense during World War I.
In 1926, O'Connell argued for an end to Prohibition. Two years later, he gave a speech calling for a bar on private profits in the manufacture of armaments. In 1933, he gave a speech calling for the AFL to reorganize on the basis of industrial unions, something later taken up by the Congress of Industrial Organizations.
O'Connell retired in 1935, and died three years later.
# Yanagisawa-ike Dam

Yanagisawa-ike Dam is an earthfill dam located in Aichi Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 0.1 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 1 ha of land when full and can store 30 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1989 and completed in 1991.
# Robert Paterson (footballer)

Robert Paterson was a Scottish footballer who played in the Football League for Derby County. Paterson played in the 1899 FA Cup Final defeat against Sheffield United.
# Kyle Boelte

Kyle Boelte is an American essayist and author. He was born in a small town in Western Kansas and grew up near Denver, Colorado.
Boelte's book The Beautiful Unseen: Variations on Fog and Forgetting is about his brother's suicide, when they were both teenagers, as well as San Francisco fog. The book received positive reviews in The San Francisco Chronicle ("one of the most haunting books ever written about the fragility of memory"), The Los Angeles Review of Books ("Boelte’s sure-footed prose makes The Beautiful Unseen a lovely journey"), and Booklist ("Boelte conveys the deep, abiding sense of loss such tragedies inflict, yet softly, tenderly communicates the conflicting sensations of confronting memories, both lost and found"). Its major themes include the impermanence of memory and the importance of nature, including wilderness, in our lives.
Boelte's essays have been published in Zyzzyva, High Country News, and Full Stop. He was a finalist for the Annie Dillard Award for Creative Nonfiction in 2013. His essay "Reluctant Citizens" was included in "The Best American Nonrequired Reading 2016" and was cited as a Notable Essay in "The Best American Essays 2016".
# Put It There

"Put It There" is a 1990 single from Paul McCartney's 1989 album, Flowers in the Dirt. The song reached number 32 on the UK singles chart. The lyrics were inspired by an expression of friendship and solace that McCartney learned from his father, "Put it there [handshake] if it weighs a ton."

## Overview

Like other songs from Flowers in the Dirt, despite the song's modest chart success, to date "Put It There" has not been included yet on any McCartney compilation album.
The 7" single also included "Mama's Little Girl", a Wings song that had been originally recorded in 1972 but had been remixed and produced in its current version in 1987 by McCartney and Chris Thomas.
The 12" single included "Same Time Next Year", a second Wings song which had been recorded on 5 and 6 May 1978 at RAK Studios, as a possible theme for the film Same Time, Next Year. It had also been remixed and produced in 1987 by McCartney and Thomas.
The 12" single was also released as limited edition (12 RS6246) with an art print from the cover illustration. The cover illustration was drawn by McCartney.
According to the liner notes from Geoff Baker, the song was issued as single because of the Parisian crowd from the concerts at the Palais Omnisports in October 1989, as the girls were grabbing partners and bobbing to "Put It There".
"Put It There" is also the name of an hour-long documentary on the making of Flowers in the Dirt, produced by Chips Chipperfield and directed by Geoff Wonfor (who later made The Beatles Anthology), originally released in September 1989 and later included on the 2017 remastered version of the album.

## Track listing

This song was released on 5 February 1990 as a cassette single, a 7" single, a 12" maxi-single, and a CD single.

### Cassette single

* "Put It There"
* "Mama's Little Girl"

### 7" single

* "Put It There"
* "Mama's Little Girl"

### 12" single

* "Put It There"
* "Mama's Little Girl"
* "Same Time Next Year"

### CD single

* "Put It There"
* "Mama's Little Girl"
* "Same Time Next Year"

## Personnel

Personnel are taken from the Flowers in the Dirt Archive Collection LP liner notes
* Paul McCartney – lead vocals, backing vocals, percussion, acoustic guitar
* Chris Whitten – hi-hat, percussion
* Hamish Stuart – bass, percussion

## Charts

| Chart (1990) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 9 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 60 |
| Ireland | 17 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 82 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 32 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 11 |
# James O'Beirne (politician)

James Lyster O'Beirne (1820 – 1895) was an Irish Liberal politician.
He was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Cashel at the 1865 general election and held the seat until 1869, when his victory at the 1868 general election was declared void on account of bribery The seat was then disenfranchised and absorbed into Tipperary.
# Oreophryne celebensis

Oreophryne celebensis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Common name Celebes cross frog has been coined for it.

## Description

Oreophryne celebensis reach 30 mm (1.2 in) in snout–vent length. The snout is rounded and short. The tympanum is at best scarcely visible. The fingers have large discs whereas the toe discs are much smaller. No webbing is present. Skin is smooth or with scattered tubercles dorsally; the belly is smooth or granular. The upper eyelid may bear a tubercle. The dorsal colouration is very variable: uniform yellowish, reddish, pink, or brown, or with darker spots or marblings. There is a triangular dark marking between the eyes, or an X-shaped or hourglass-shaped marking extending to the interscapular region. The canthus rostralis has a dark streak. A light vertebral line may be present. The venter is greyish or brownish, possible mottled with dark brown. No vocal sac is present.

## Habitat and conservation

Oreophryne celebensis occurs in montane forests above 1,000 m (3,300 ft). It probably lays terrestrial eggs that develop directly into froglets, without a free-living larval stage.
The distribution area of this species is experiencing serious habitat loss from forest clearance. It probably occurs in the Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park, Tangkoko Batuangus Nature Reserve, and Dua Sudara Nature Reserve. However, heavy habitat loss has also occurred inside the latter two reserves.
# Pen-Mogi Nyeko

Jack H. Pen-Mogi Nyeko is a Ugandan veterinarian, academic and academic administrator. He is the vice chancellor of Gulu University, a public university in northern Uganda.

## Background and education

He was born in the Northern Region of Uganda on 12 May 1948. He graduated from Makerere University in 1975 with a Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine degree. In 1981, he graduated from the University of Nairobi with a Master of Science degree. His Doctor of Philosophy was obtained from Makerere University in 1988. His field of specialization is molecular parasitology.

## Career

He started his career in 1987, as a Principal Research Entomologist, in the Uganda Tsetse Control Department, working there until 1991. From 1993 until 1996, he worked as a Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Parasitology, at Makerere University. In 1994, he was nominated by the President of Uganda to become a delegate of the Constituent Assembly, which wrote and ratified the 1995 Ugandan Constitution. From 1996 until 2001, he was a member of parliament, representing Kilak County, Gulu District.
In 2001 a Technical Task Force was appointed to set up Gulu University. Professor Nyeko was appointed chairman of that four-person task force. When the university opened in 2002, he became the founding vice chancellor of the institution; the third public university to be established in the country.

## Other responsibilities

Pen-Mogi Nyeko has served in the following roles:
* Chairman of Uganda's National Environment Management Authority since 2013.
* Chairperson of the 18-person Uganda National Council for Higher Education since 2012.
* Member of the Uganda National Examinations Board since 2002.

## Personal life

Nyeko is a married father of five adult children. He is a Fellow of the Uganda National Academy of Sciences.
# Vladimir Kunin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Kunin (Владимир Владимирович Кунин) (actually Vladimir Feinberg, 19 June 1927, Leningrad - 4 February 2011, Munich) was a Russian writer, playwright and screenwriter. Kunin was a member of the Union of Cinematographers of the Russian Federation, the Union of Writers of Russia (Союз писателей России) as well as an honorary member of the International association of writers and publicists (Международная ассоциация писателей и публицистов).
One of his books, Intergirl (Интердевочка), first published in 1988, was adapted to become a highly popular Soviet movie in 1989 (see Intergirl).

## Works
### Books

* Intergirl, 1988, English ed. 1991
* Ivanov i Rabinovich, ili "Ay gou tu Hayfa"
* Hronika pikiruyuschego bombardirovschika (Chronicle of the dive bomber) (in Russian). 2003. ISBN 5-17-017805-0.
* Tolchok vosem' ballov
* Coupe Dvukhmestnoe kupe
* Кыся в Голливуде / Kysia v Gollivude (Kysya in Hollywood). ISBN 5755900299.
* Emigratsiia: Dve povesti i roman (emigration: two stories and a novel). 1994. ISBN 5879490211.
* Russkie khroniki (Russian chronicles) (in Russian). Novyĭ Gelikon. 1994. ISBN 5879490173.
* Russkie na Marienplats (Russians on Marienplatz). ISBN 5957800678., (movie adaptation: 2022)
* Noch s Angelom (Night with Angel) (in Russian). AST, Tranzitkniga. 2003. ISBN 5957802824.

### Screenplay

* Rebro Adama (Adam's rib), 1990
# VisualRank

VisualRank is a system for finding and ranking images by analysing and comparing their content, rather than searching image names, Web links or other text. Google scientists made their VisualRank work public in a paper describing applying PageRank to Google image search at the International World Wide Web Conference in Beijing in 2008.

## Methods

Both computer vision techniques and locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) are used in the VisualRank algorithm. Consider an image search initiated by a text query. An existing search technique based on image metadata and surrounding text is used to retrieve the initial result candidates (PageRank), which along with other images in the index are clustered in a graph according to their similarity (which is precomputed). Centrality is then measured on the clustering, which will return the most canonical image(s) with respect to the query. The idea here is that agreement between users of the web about the image and its related concepts will result in those images being deemed more similar. VisualRank is defined iteratively by $VR=S^{*}\times VR$, where $S^{*}$ is the image similarity matrix. As matrices are used, eigenvector centrality will be the measure applied, with repeated multiplication of $VR$ and $S^{*}$ producing the eigenvector we're looking for. Clearly, the image similarity measure is crucial to the performance of VisualRank since it determines the underlying graph structure.
The main VisualRank system begins with local feature vectors being extracted from images using scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT). Local feature descriptors are used instead of color histograms as they allow similarity to be considered between images with potential rotation, scale, and perspective transformations. Locality-sensitive hashing is then applied to these feature vectors using the p-stable distribution scheme. In addition to this, LSH amplification using AND/OR constructions are applied. As part of the applied scheme, a Gaussian distribution is used under the $\ell _{2}$ norm.
# Yanushevsky

Yanushevsky (masculine), Yanushevskaya (feminine) is a Russian-language surname, a variant of the Polish surname Januszewski. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexey Yanushevsky, Belarusian professional computer game player
* Ivan Yanushevsky [ru] (1821-1879), Imperial Russian counter admiral
* Viktor Yanushevsky, Belarusian football player
# LESLi

LESLi (short for Labor and Employment Standards Library) is an American online resource that helps academics, sourcing, legal, and investment professionals gain access to continually updated information on labor, wage, and health and safety laws applicable to social compliance assessments.
LESLi was launched by STR Responsible Sourcing in February 2010, it contains a searchable collection of relevant legal text excerpts for over 140 countries, translated into English from their foreign-language originals.
# Riolas

Riolas is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Jytte Andersen

Jytte Andersen (born 9 September 1942) is a Danish politician.
She was born in Copenhagen to Boye Johansen and Inga Johansen. She was elected member of Folketinget for the Social Democrats from 1979 to 2007. She was appointed Minister for Labour in Poul Nyrup Rasmussen's first, second, and third cabinets, from 25 January 1993 to 23 March 1998. She was also a member of Rasmussen's fourth cabinet, as Minister for Towns and Homes and Minister for Gender Equality.
# Rollin Eckis

Rollin P. Eckis (c. 1905 – November 12, 1999) was an American geologist and oil company executive. He helped discover oil fields in California and Alaska.
# Oreophryne clamata

Oreophryne clamata is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to West Papua, Indonesia, and known from the Wondiwoi Mountains at the base of the Wandammen Peninsula, Papua province. The specific name clamata, meaning "makes a loud noise", refers to its striking advertisement call. Common name noisy cross frog has been proposed for this species.

## Description

The type series consists of six males measuring 19–20 mm (0.75–0.79 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum is yellowish-brownish with some conspicuous black spots. There is a whitish crossbar between the eyes. Some individuals have a broad, whitish vertebral stripe. Belly and throat grey marbled with dark brown. Tympanum is scarcely visible. Fingers have large discs; toes have smaller discs. Both fingers and toes are unwebbed.
Males start calling shortly after dark. The call is a loud rattle, with males responding to each other's calls.

## Habitat and conservation

Natural habitat of Oreophryne clamata is tropical rainforest with patchy, dense undergrowth at elevations of 750–900 m (2,460–2,950 ft) asl. They are hard to find as males are small and typically perch on half-curled leaves 1–3 metres above the ground.
Threats to it are unknown, although logging might be a threat. Its range might include the Wondiwoi Nature Reserve.
# Vladimir Kunitsky

Vladimir Kunitsky (born 1948) is a Russian business executive who is the current CEO of Acron Group. He was appointed CEO in 2011, prior to that he served as Senior VP from 2006 to 2011. After graduating from Ural State University with a chemistry degree, he went to work for the company in 1983.
# Yağcılı, Süloğlu

Yağcılı is a village in the Süloğlu District of Edirne Province in Turkey. Its population is 203 (2022).
# Robert Lawrence Dundas

Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Lawrence Dundas KCB (27 July 1780 – 23 November 1844) was a British Whig and military commander during the Peninsular War. He was a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons representing Malton from 1807 to 1812, East Retford from 1826 to 1827, and Richmond from 1828 to 1834 and from 1839 to 1841.

## Early life and family

Dundas was born in Middlesex, the seventh son of Thomas Dundas and Lady Charlotte Fitzwilliam. His grandfathers were Sir Lawrence Dundas, 1st Baronet and William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam. His father succeeded to the baronetcy in 1781 and in 1794 was raised to the peerage as Baron Dundas. His elder brothers were Lawrence Dundas, 1st Earl of Zetland (1766–1839), Charles Lawrence Dundas (1771–1810), and Rear Admiral George Heneage Lawrence Dundas (1778–1834).

## Career

Dundas entered the British Army on 1 December 1797 as a second lieutenant. He served as an engineer officer in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland. He became lieutenant in 1800 and the following year he served in Egypt against the French campaign, including the Battle of Alexandria. He was promoted to captain in 1802 and major in 1804. In 1805, he served in the north of Germany with the Royal Staff Corps.
During the Peninsular War, he saw action at the Battles of Talavera (1809), Buçaco (1810), Fuentes de Oñoro (1811), Salamanca (1812), Vitoria (1813), the Pyrenees (1813), the Nivelle (1813), the Nive (1813), and Toulouse (1814).
For his services in the Peninsular War, he received the Army Gold Medal with Gold Cross and three clasps and was appointed a Knight of the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword in 1814 and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in 1815.
Dundas was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in 1811, full Colonel in 1821, Major-General in 1830 and Lieutenant-General in 1841. In June 1840, he was made colonel of the 59th (2nd Nottinghamshire) Regiment of Foot.

## Personal life

Dundas was unmarried. He died at his home at Loftus Hall in Yorkshire, aged 64.
# Rittenhouse

Rittenhouse is a surname of German origin. It may refer to:

## Places

* Rittenhouse (crater), a crater on the far side of the Moon

### United States

* Rittenhouse Elementary School, Queen Creek, Arizona; on the National Register of Historic Places
* Rittenhouse Gap, Pennsylvania
* Rittenhouse Square, one of the five original open-space parks in central Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* RittenhouseTown Historic District, a historic area in Philadelphia surrounding the first paper mill erected in British Colonial America
* Queen Creek, Arizona, named Rittenhouse until 1947

## People with the surname

* Ariel Rittenhouse (born 1990), US female athlete in swimming and diving
* David Rittenhouse (1732–1796), US astronomer, inventor, mathematician, and public official
* Kyle Rittenhouse (born 2003), American acquitted of murder in the 2020 Kenosha unrest shooting
* Laura Jacinta Rittenhouse (1841–1911), American temperance worker, author, poet, orphanage manager, club woman
* Moses F. Rittenhouse (1846–1915), Canadian-born US businessman
* Rebecca Rittenhouse (born November 30, 1988), American actress
* William Rittenhouse (1644–1708), German-born US businessman and papermaker

## Other

* SS David Rittenhouse, a ship of the US Navy, launched during World War II (1943)
* Mrs. Rittenhouse, a character in Animal Crackers (1930 film)
* A train operated by Amtrak as part of the Clocker service
* A straight rye whiskey originally made in Pennsylvania, now produced in Kentucky by Heaven Hill
* A fictional organization in the 2016 TV series Timeless
# James Hingston

James Henry Hingston (b Blackrock 28 Nov 1884 - d Cork 6 November) was Archdeacon of Cork from 1948 until 1954.
He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1908. After curacies in Tudeley and Clonmelhe held incumbencies at Ballymartle, Kilshannig and Cork. He was Precentor of Cloyne Cathedral from 1946 until his appointment as Archdeacon.