OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fifth Third Bancorp v. Dudenhoeffer

Fifth Third Bancorp v. Dudenhoeffer, 573 U.S. 409 (2014), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court found Employee stockownership (ESOP) fiduciaries have the same prudential duties as non-ESOP fiduciaries, as set by ERISA, except that they are not required to diversify their investments beyond shares of the employer's stock.

## Background

Fifth Third Bancorp, a large financial services company, maintained a defined contribution retirement plan / 401(k) (specifically an Employee stock ownership (ESOP)) for its employees. In September 2009, a group of its former employees and current 401(k) participants file a class action lawsuit against Fifth Third and its corporate officers (in their capacity as administrators of the 401(k)), alleging that they violated their ERISA-mandated fiduciary duty under ERISA. Specifically, the employees alleged that Fifth Third and its officers should have known that Fifth Third's stock was overvalued.
Per the complaint, the stock was overvalued due to the firm's involvement in risky subprime lending and that officers had made material misstatements about the company's financial prospects to inflate the value of the company's stock. The employees alleged that a prudent fiduciary acting in good faith stewards of the ESOP's assets should have taken steps to address this overvaluation or protect the plan participants from the risks. Instead, they continued to buy and hold Fifth Third stock until the market crashed in July 2007, wiping out over 3/4ths of the company's stock value and leaving the plaintiffs destitute.

## In lower courts

The lawsuit, which was filed in the Southern District Court of Ohio, was originally dismissed by that court. The District Court ruled that the 401(k) plan administrators were entitled to a 'presumption of prudence' with respect to their decision to continue buying and holding their own company's stock. The Sixth Circuit reversed the District Court, ruling that additional evidence would be needed before a court could rule on whether the 'presumption of prudence' should apply. Fifth Third appealed the Sixth Circuit's decision to the Supreme Court of the United States in December 2012.

## Supreme Court opinion

The Supreme Court vacated the Sixth Circuit's ruling and remanded the case back to the lower courts for further reconsideration. Writing for a unanimous court, Justice Stephen Breyer determined that administrators of ESOPs are not entitled to a special 'presumption of prudence' with respect to their decision-making. Rather, they are held to the same legal standard of care as any other fiduciary under ERISA. The Supreme Court accepted the petitioners' argument that allowing lawsuits against ESOP fiduciaries may discourage employers from offering ESOP plans in the first place (thus contravening Congress's intent), but resolved the dilemma by creating guidelines for lower courts to apply in future cases at the motion to dismiss stage.
# Open Verification Library

Open Verification Library (OVL) is a library of property checkers for digital circuit descriptions written in popular Hardware Description Languages (HDLs). OVL is currently maintained by Accellera.

## Applications

OVL works by placing modules or components checking specific properties of the circuit alongside regular modules or components. Those special modules are called checkers and are tied to circuit signals via ports. Some aspects of the checker functionality can be modified by adjusting checker parameters. Typical properties verified by OVL checkers include:
* condition that should be always met,
* sequence of conditions that should be met,
* condition that should never occur,
* proper data value (even, odd, within a range, etc.),
* proper value change (e.g. increment or decrement within specified range),
* proper data encoding (e.g. one hot or one cold),
* proper timing of event (within given number of clock cycles or within window created by trigger events),
* valid protocol of data transmission,
* valid behavior of popular building blocks (e.g. FIFOs).
Depending on the selected parameters, OVL checkers can work as assertion, assumption or coverage point checkers. Main source of OVL popularity is the fact that it allows introducing high-level verification concepts to the existing or new designs without requiring new language, e.g. a designer having access to Verilog tools does not need a new language to start using property checking with OVL.

## Supported Languages

While first versions of OVL supported Verilog and VHDL, most recent versions support (in alphabetical order):
* PSL - Verilog flavour
* SystemVerilog
* Verilog
* VHDL
Depending on the demand, support for two more languages may be added: PSL - VHDL flavour and SystemC.
# Mullagh

Mullagh may refer to:

## Places in Ireland

* Mullagh, County Cavan
* Mullagh, County Clare
* Mullagh, County Down, a townland in the civil parish of Killyleagh, County Down, Northern Ireland
* Mullagh, County Galway
* Mullagh, County Londonderry, a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland
* Mullagh, County Meath, see List of townlands of County Meath
* Mullagh, County Tyrone, a townland in the civil parish of Ardstraw, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland

## Other uses

* Johnny Mullagh (1841-1891), Australian cricketer
* Mullagh GAA, a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the parish of Mullagh, County Galway, Ireland
# Pseudomertensia

Pseudomertensia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae. They are perennial herbs with blue or bluish purple flowers. Their natural range is from Iran to the Himalayas. None have been found in China or Russia. P. echioides, and the type species for the genus, P. elongata, are occasionally cultivated as ornamentals.
Most sources list about 12 species, but some include as many as 14. Pseudomertensia was once thought to be closely related to Mertensia, but molecular phylogenetic studies have placed it close to Myosotis.

## Species

Author citations are from Tropicos.
* Pseudomertensia chitralensis (Riedl)Riedl 1967
* Pseudomertensia echioides (Bentham)Riedl 1967
* Pseudomertensia efornicata (Rechinger f. & Riedl)Riedl 1967
* Pseudomertensia elongata (Decaisne)Riedl 1967
* Pseudomertensia flavescens Rafiq 1996
* Pseudomertensia moltkioides (Royle ex Bentham)es:Syed Muhammad Anwar Kazmi 1970
* Pseudomertensia parviflora (Decaisne)Riedl 1967
* Pseudomertensia sericophylla (Riedl)Y.J.Yasin 1989
* Pseudomertensia trollii (Melchior)R.R.Stewart & Kazmi 1970

## History

In 1967, Harald Udo von Riedl erected the genus Pseudomertensia for eight species which, at that time, were recognized in Mertensia. The genus is named for its apparent, but false, relationship with Mertensia.
The species recognized by Riedl were P. chitralensis, P. echioides, P. efornicata, P. elongata, P. parviflora, P. edelbergii, P. primuloides, and P. lindelofioides. The first five of these are still universally recognized. Some authors treat P. edelbergii as a variety of P. trollii, and P. primuloides as a variety of P. moltkioides. Some authors believe that P. lindelofioides is misplaced in Pseudomertensia, and they place it in Lindelofia as Lindelofia olgea. It is indigenous to Turkestan and Afghanistan. Lindelofia longiflora has been sampled in molecular phylogenetic studies, but L. olgea has not.
The distinctive Pakistani species, Pseudomertensia sericophylla is placed by some authors in a monospecific genus as Decalepidanthus sericophyllus. Decalepidanthus is occasionally misspelled. It means "flower with ten scales".
After Pseudomertensia was established in 1967, six more species were described in 1970 by es:Syed Muhammad Anwar Kazmi in the second of a series of seven articles revising the Boraginaceae of Pakistan. A few more species were added later, the last of these being P. flavescens in 1996.
The segregation of Pseudomertensia from Mertensia has been confirmed by cladistic analysis of DNA sequences. These place Pseudomertensia closest to Myosotis, at least among the genera that have been sampled so far. The sampling of genera in taxonomic studies of Boraginaceae has not been sufficient to determine whether Pseudomertensia and Myosotis are sister groups.
# Refuge du Prariond

Refuge du Prariond is a mountain refuge in the Alps. It is situated at an altitude of 2,324 meters above sea level.
45°27′21″N 7°04′16″E﻿ / ﻿45.45583°N 7.07111°E﻿ / 45.45583; 7.07111
* This article about a French building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pickensville Rosenwald School

Pickensville Rosenwald School was a Rosenwald School primarily for the education of African-American students in Pickensville, Alabama, U.S.. It educated generations of children from c. 1925 until it closed c. 1969.
A historic marker for the school was erected by Alabama Historical Commission. It is listed by the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage since December 16, 2010. The Historic Pickensville Rosenwald School Museum (also known as the Historic Rosenwald School and Museum) exists in Alabama since 2019.

## History

American educator, Booker T. Washington created the Rosenwald School system with funding from businessman Julius Rosenwald. The schools were created to promote collaboration between local black and white people. Pickensville Rosenwald School was one of six Rosenwald Schools built in Pickens County. The Pickensville Rosenwald School was opened in c. 1925 and served as a primary school, and was an important building in the rural community.
In April 27, 2011, a tornado damaged the building. Former alumnus Paulette Locke-Newberns led fundraising in 2013 to renovate the school building; and the University of West Alabama’s Center for Business and Economic Services, the Pickensville Community Center, and the Alabama Black Belt Heritage Area contributed to the project.
# Perfect spline

In the mathematical subfields function theory and numerical analysis, a univariate polynomial spline of order $m$ is called a perfect spline if its $m$-th derivative is equal to $+1$ or $-1$ between knots and changes its sign at every knot.
The term was coined by Isaac Jacob Schoenberg.
Perfect splines often give solutions to various extremal problems in mathematics. For example, norms of periodic perfect splines (they are sometimes called Euler perfect splines) are equal to Favard's constants.
# Misson, Landes

Misson (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in south-western France.
# Hiram IV

Hiram IV (Phoenician Hi-ru-mu) was the Phoenician king of Tyre around 500 BC.

## Reign

The only narrative source about Hiram IV is the "Histories" of Herodotus, in which he is called Sirom. In his account of the generals who led the fleet of King Xerxes I of Persia during his campaign in Greece in 480 BC, Herodotus mentioned, among others, King Mattanus III of Tyre, son of Hiram.
Since Herodotus gave the name of the father of Mattanus III, and therefore he was quite well known even to the Greeks, it is assumed that Hiram IV was also a king like his son. Based on references to other rulers of Tyre of the VI—V centuries BC, the reign of Hiram IV dates back to about 500 BC. Probably, his predecessor on the throne of Tyre was King Ithobaal IV, but whether they were related is unknown. No details about the reign of Hiram IV are preserved in the sources. The next ruler of Tyre was King Mattan III.
# Marianna Pensky

Marianna Pensky is a professor at the University of Central Florida. Her research interests lie in the areas of theoretical and applied statistics.
She is author of The Stress-strength Model and Its Generalizations: Theory and Applications (World Scientific Publishing, 2003).
She is a Member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for NonParametric Statistics (ISNPS), and a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics.
Pensky was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2023.
# Onye Ozi

Onye Ozi is a 2013 Nigerian comedy film directed by Obi Emelonye. The film won two category awards at the 2014 Nollywood Movies Awards.

## Background and production

Onye Ozi was shot in London and was premiered on 18 October 2013 at The Lighthouse Hall, Camberwell, London. It was produced by Obi Emelonye and Emmanuella Ngozi Ideh with support from Nollywood Movies, London, Screen Nation Pictures and M-Net.

## Critical reception

Since it debuted in 2013, Onye Ozi has won multiple awards locally and internationally. Upon its release, Onye Ozi was met with mixed reviews. Sodas & Popcorn, a Nigerian movie blog through BellaNaija cited flaws in the film and further criticized Obi Emelonye's film writing technique stating that, "My issue with his movies have always been the writing. The stories never seem to add up and take he most awkward turns and twists." YNaija's Wilfred Okichie also gave the film a low rating describing it as an "ultra-low budget independent film".

## Cast

* Okey Bakassi as Metumaribe Onuigbo
* Anthony Aclet as Chike
* Stephen Moriaty as TJ
* Ngozi Igwebike as Mkpurunma
* Adesua Atuanya as Adaaugo
* D'Kachy Obi-Emelonye as Ossy
* Chinemerem Okemuo as Ogbenyealu
* Frank Ani as Ofoegbu
* Nkiruka Emelonye as Uju
* King Onuigbo as Father

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award ceremony | Prize | Result |
| 2014 | 2014 Nollywood Movies Awards | Best Diaspora Movie | Won |
| 2014 | 2014 Nollywood Movies Awards | Best Indigenous Film | Won |
| 2014 | 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Achievement in Soundtrack | Won |
| 2014 | 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards | Ousmane Sembene Award for Best Film in An African Language | Nominated |
| 2014 | 2014 Best of Nollywood Awards | Best Comedy of The Year | Nominated |
| 2015 | 2015 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards | Best Indigenous Language (Igbo) | Won |
| 2015 | 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Film of The Year (Indigenous Films) | Nominated |
# Indianapolis Hoosiers (minor league baseball)

At least three teams in minor league baseball have borne the name Indianapolis Hoosiers.

## Western League Hoosiers I

The first Western League, which lasted only part of the 1885 season, included an Indianapolis Hoosiers team. This Hoosiers team won the 1885 Western League pennant.

## Western League Hoosiers II

Another Hoosiers minor-league team came into existence in 1894. It was a charter member of the third Western League, which became the American League in 1900. Despite winning three Western League pennants (1895, 1897, 1899), this team was contracted when the AL became an official major league in 1901.

## Western Association Hoosiers

One of the two Western Associations that existed in 1901 also had a team known as the Indianapolis Hoosiers. Both the team and league lasted only one season.
# Villa Hidalgo, Zacatecas

Villa Hidalgo is a town and its surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. Prior to 1934, the settlement was known as Santa Rita.
In 2020, the municipality reported a total population of 19,446.
# Psathyrella piluliformis

Psathyrella piluliformis is a species of agaric fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. It produces fruit bodies (mushrooms) with broadly convex caps measuring 2–5 cm (3⁄4–2 inches) in diameter. The caps are chestnut to reddish brown, the color fading with age and with dry weather. The closely spaced gills have an adnate attachment to the stipe. They are initially tan until the spores mature, when the gills turn dark brown. Fragments of the partial veil may remain on the cap margin, and as a wispy band of hairs on the stipe. The stipe is 2–7 cm tall and 3–7 mm wide, white, smooth, hollow, and bulging at the base. Fruiting occurs in clusters at the base of hardwood stumps.
It is considered edible but of low quality, with fragile flesh and being difficult to identify. Similar species include Psathyrella carbonicola, P. longipes, P. longistriata, P. multipedata, P. spadicea, and Parasola conopilus.
# Red Fork Range

Red Fork Range is a 1931 American pre-Code Western film directed by Alan James and starring Hal Taliaferro, Ruth Mix and Al Ferguson.

## Main cast

* Hal Taliaferro as Wally Hamilton
* Ruth Mix as Ruth Farell
* Al Ferguson as Black Bard
* Cliff Lyons as 'Skeeter' Beldon
* Bud Osborne as 'Whip' Roden
* Lafe McKee as Charles Farell / Colonel Leading Wagon Train
* Will Armstrong as Sergeant O'Flaherty
* George Gerwing as Henchman Steve Alden
* Jim Corey as 'Apache' Joe
* Chief John Big Tree as Chief Barking Fox

## Plot

Hamilton wins a stagecoach race, overcomes a group of troublesome Indians, and rescues Farrel from outlaw Bard.
# Phyllonorycter zelkovae

Phyllonorycter zelkovae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from the islands of Honshu and Kyushu in Japan.
The wingspan is 6–7 mm.
The larvae feed as leaf miners on Zelkova serrata.
# Hair (White Fence album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 80/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
Hair is a collaborative album between California musicians Ty Segall and Tim Presley (playing under the name White Fence). The album was released through Drag City Records for Record Store Day 2012, for a limited run but has however, been repressed. The album was originally intended to be a split album between Segall and Presley, however they then decided to collaborate on all of the tracks. Presley had already previously recorded the track "I Am Not A Game," however re-recorded it for the album.
# Under a Cloud

Under a Cloud may refer to:
* Under a Cloud (film), 1937 British comedy film directed by George King
* Under a Cloud (novel), 1916 book by Arthur Wright
* "Under a Cloud", song from Quasi album Field Studies
# Hiram Huntington Kellogg Sr.

Rev. Hiram Huntington Kellogg Sr., D.D. (Clinton, Oneida County, New York, 1803 – Galesburg, Illinois, 1881), a Presbyterian minister, was the founder and first director of the Female Seminary in Clinton, New York, and the first president of Knox College (1841–1845), in Galesburg, Illinois.

## Early years

Hiram was the son of Aaron Kellogg (1762–1835), who was a member of the Albany militia during the Revolutionary War, and Susan Huntington Kellogg. He married Mary Gleason Chandler (1808–1875), and they had 6 sons and 5 daughters. He received his bachelor's degree from Hamilton College in 1822, where he was a good friend of Gerrit Smith. He graduated from Auburn Theological Seminary in 1826. His Doctor of Divinity degree was honorary.

## Career

Kellogg founded and was principal (1833–1839, 1847–1851) of the Female Seminary in Clinton. It was set up in part in response to the success of the nearby, all-male Oneida Institute.
Kellogg was a close friend of George Washington Gale, the founder and first President of the Oneida Institute. When Gale left for Illinois, there to found Galesburg and Knox College, originally a manual labor college, Kellogg went too, and became Knox's first president. A trip to England enabled him to purchase what has been preserved as the Knox Manual Labor College Collection. He also attended the 1843 anti-slavery convention in London. However, Gale and the trustees requested his resignation.
Later in life he was the pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Marshalltown, Iowa (1866–1867), and at the Guthrie and Dexter, Iowa, congregations (1870–1875). He helped organize some Iowa churches and would step in to help others.
Kellogg Street in Galesburg is named for him.
# Indin

Indin is a village in Kale Township, Kale District, in the Sagaing Region of western Burma.
# Villa Hidalgo Municipality, Oaxaca

Villa Hidalgo Municipality is a municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Villa Alta District in the center of the Sierra Norte Region. Its municipal seat is Hidalgo Yalalag, which is located 104 km (65 mi) from Oaxaca City.
As of 2020, the municipality had a population of 1,885.
# Psathyrella moseri

Psathyrella moseri is a species of agaric fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. Found in Argentina, it was described as new to science by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1969.
# Reaching Out (Queen + Paul Rodgers song)

"Reaching Out" / "Tie Your Mother Down" is the debut single by rock band Queen + Paul Rodgers released in 2005 from the album Return of the Champions. It is a medley of the 1996 Rock Therapy charity song "Reaching Out" with Queen's song "Tie Your Mother Down".

## Chart performance

In 2005, "Reaching Out" peaked at No. 33 on the Dutch Top 40 as a double A-side with "Tie Your Mother Down".

## Credits

* Bass – Danny Miranda
* Drums – Roger Taylor
* Guitar – Jamie Moses
* Keyboards – Spike Edney
* Lead guitar – Brian May
* Vocals – Brian May, Paul Rodgers, Roger Taylor

## Sampling

This song was sampled by American rapper Eminem in "Beautiful" from Eminem's sixth album Relapse (2009).
# Phyllonotus

Phyllonotus is a genus of medium to large sized predatory sea snails. These are carnivorous marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, the murexes or rock snails.
In 2011 Phyllonotus was raised to the status of genus from its former state as subgenus of Chicoreus

## Species

* Phyllonotus bellettii Petuch, Berschauer & C. L. Powell, 2024
* Phyllonotus erythrostomus (Swainson, 1831)
* Phyllonotus eversoni (D'Attilio, Myers & Shasky, 1987)
* Phyllonotus globosus Emmons, 1858
* Phyllonotus guyanensis Garrigues & Lamy, 2016
* Phyllonotus margaritensis (Abbott, 1958)
* Phyllonotus mexicanus (Petit de la Saussaye, 1852)
* Phyllonotus oculatus (Reeve, 1845)
* Phyllonotus peratus Keen, 1960
* Phyllonotus pomum (Gmelin, 1791)
* Phyllonotus regius (Swainson, 1821)
* Phyllonotus salutensis Garrigues & Lamy, 2016
* † Phyllonotus sampajauensis (Beets, 1986)
* Phyllonotus whymani Petuch & Sargent, 2011

### Species brought into synonymy

* Phyllonotus acanthophora A. Adams, 1863: synonym of Ocenebra acanthophora (A. Adams, 1863)
* Phyllonotus coronatus A. Adams, 1863 (nomen dubium): synonym of Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) falcata (G.B. Sowerby II, 1834)
* Phyllonotus brassica (Lamarck, 1822) accepted as Hexaplex brassica (Lamarck, 1822)
* Phyllonotus duplex (Röding, 1798): synonym of Hexaplex duplex (Röding, 1798)
* Phyllonotus superbus (G.B. owerby III, 1889): synonym of Chicomurex superbus (G.B. Sowerby III, 1889)
* Phyllonotus trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Hexaplex trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Phyllonotus unifasciatus A. Adams, 1863 (nomen dubium): synonym of Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) falcata (G.B. Sowerby II, 1834)
# Haloid

Haloid may refer to:
* The Haloid Photographic Company, now known as Xerox Corporation
* Haloid, an animation by Monty Oum published on GameTrailers in 2007
# Union Refrigerator Transit Line

The Union Refrigerator Transit Line (URT) was a St. Louis, Missouri- and Milwaukee, Wisconsin-based private refrigerator car line established in 1895 by the Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company. In 1929, the General American Tank Car Corporation acquired the URT and placed its rolling stock into lease service. In the early 1970s the company, then operating as the General American Transportation Corporation (GATX) liquidated its URT subsidiary along with its outdated wooden reefer fleet.
Union Refrigerator Transit Line, 1930–1970:
Source: The Great Yellow Fleet, p. 17.