OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tribulus platypterus

Tribulus platypterus, the cork hopbush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae, which is endemic to the northwest of Western Australia. It is closely related to Tribulus suberosus.
It was first described by George Bentham in 1863 from a specimen collected by Francis Thomas Gregory in the Hammersley Ranges. An isosyntype (MEL 79454) collected by Gregory (east of the Hammersley Ranges) is held in the National Herbarium of Victoria. The specific epithet, platypterus, is derived from two Greek roots/words, platy- ("broad") and -pterus, ("winged"), and describes the plant as having "broad-winged" fruit.

## Description

Tribulus platypterus is a spreading upright shrub which grows to a heights from 40 to 100 cm high and spreading from 50 to 200 cm. The stems usually lack corky bark except at the plant base. The leaves occur in unequal pairs, and have from 4–7 pairs of leaflets on a stalk which is 3–13 mm long. Within each compound leaf the leaflets have short stalks and vary 4–23 mm long by 2.2–8.3 mm wide. The flower stalk is upright and 3.5–6.5 mm long. The sepals are 6–8.5 mm long, and have no covering or have sparse silky hairs on the upper surface, and densely hairy on the lower surface. The petals are elliptic, 10–11 mm long, and not hairy. There are 10 stamens, which may all be fertile or some or all them may be shorter and staminodal. The longer filaments are 5.5–6 mm long; and the shorter filaments are about 3 mm long. The ovary is moderately to densely covered with white silky hairs, and has one ovule per cell. Both the style and stigma are 4.5–6 mm long. The fruit is a ball-shaped 5-winged schizocarp (a fruit which splits into individual carpels), the wings of which give rise to the specific epithet of "broad winged", and is 12–18 mm long by 15–21 mm wide.
It mostly flowers from August to October.

## Distribution & habitat

It is found in the IBRA Regions of the Central Kimberley, the Gascoyne, the Little Sandy Desert, the Murchison, and the Pilbara, in rocky areas, including creek banks and beds, and often in sand.

## Conservation status

Under West Australian conservation laws it is deemed to be "not threatened".
# Thornton View Hospital

Thornton View hospital was an 82-bed geriatric hospital near Clayton, West Yorkshire, on the site of the North Bierley Union workhouse.

## History

The hospital has its origins in the North Bierly Union Workhouse which opened in 1858. The workhouse established its own infirmary from an early stage but benefited from a dedicated male infirmary block from 1872. The hospital joined the National Health Service in 1948.
The hospital was slated for closure in 1983 to cut expenditure, which led to bitter resentment by the residents of the city of Bradford. The hospital had 82 beds with 70 patients and housed primarily long term elderly patients with no living family members. The impending closure threatened to distribute the long term patients to similar facilities nearby. The closure was discussed in Parliament in January 1983 and again in June 1984.
The hospital was occupied by staff led by Alex Corina who resisted closure from August 1983 until April 1985, in an effort to get the facility re-designated as a geriatric hospital. A petition was circulated which resulted in 30,000 signatures and the support of local area residents, the Bradford Community Health Council and Bradford City Council as well as the families of the hospital patients. After the hospital closed, the buildings were converted for academic use by a girls' boarding school in 1992.
# John de Norwich

John de Norwich (or Northwick) was the member of Parliament for Gloucester in the Parliament of 1309.
# Ansan, Gers

Ansan (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.

## Geography

Ansan is located in the canton of Auch-2 and in the arrondissement of Auch.
# No. 1 Wing RAF

No. 1 Wing of the Royal Air Force was a Wing of aircraft squadrons which was originally established as the First Wing of the Royal Flying Corps.

## First World War

By November 1914 the Flying Corps had significantly expanded and it was felt necessary to create organizational units which would control collections of squadrons. Accordingly, the First Wing and the Second Wing were established. These two wings came into existence on 29 November 1914 and were the earliest RFC numbered wings to be formed. The wing's first commander was Hugh Trenchard who had been appointed a few days earlier.
The 1st Wing was assigned to the support of the 1st Army in France. The wing saw action on the Western Front, including at the Battle of Aubers Ridge in May 1915. It was stood down on 5 March 1919.

## Inter-war activity

During the years between the First and Second World Wars, No. 1 Wing was re-established and disestablished several times for several purposes. Only two months after its disbandment, the wing was re-established at Yatesbury on 15 May 1919. The wing was subsequently disbanded and was not re-established for the second time until 1 January 1926 which it acted as an Army Co-operation unit, controlling No. 4 Squadron and No. 13 Squadron whilst itself being subordinate to 7 Group RAF. This establishment was short-lived and the wing was stood down on 12 April 1926. The next period of the wing's existence came in 1937. On 23 September the wing was re-created, this time controlling No. 209 Squadron and No. 210 Squadron which acted in the general reconnaissance role during the Spanish Civil War. Specifically, the wing was part of an Anglo-French force charged with countering submarine attacks on neutral shipping. The wing was disestablished later that year on 15 December.

## Second World War

No. 1 Wing was briefly re-established once more just before the outbreak of the Second World War on 9 May 1939 as a general reconnaissance wing. On 25 August 1939 it was reformed as a bomber wing in Egypt controlling No. 30 and No. 55 Squadrons, but was disbanded on 22 September. Between 24 January and 24 June 1940 it was in control of barrage balloon units in France.

## Post war

No. 1 Wing's last reformation was as a signals wing between October 1958 and September 1961.

## Commanders

* 19 November 1914: Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh Trenchard
* 19 August 1915: Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Ashmore.
* 1 November 1915: Lieutenant-Colonel John Becke
* Late 1917: Lieutenant-Colonel T. W. C. Carthew
* 5 December 1917: Lieutenant-Colonel Leslie Gossage.
* January 1919: Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Portal.
# Hammonton, California

39°11′35″N 121°25′15″W﻿ / ﻿39.19306°N 121.42083°W﻿ / 39.19306; -121.42083
Hammonton (formerly, Dredgertown and Dredgerville) is a former settlement in Yuba County, California. It is located 3.5 miles (5.6 km) south of Browns Valley, at an elevation of 131 feet (40 m).
Hammonton was a company town for the Yuba Consolidated Mines, which dredged gold from the Yuba River floodplain. Established in 1906, Hammonton had 250 residents, a store, service station, and swimming pool by 1938, when the townspeople were forced to move two miles so that the original townsite could be razed and dredged. In 1957, the residents were again relocated, this time to Linda, so that the new townsite could also be dredged; Hammonton ceased to exist at that time. The Yuba Goldfields now cover the townsites.
A post office operated at Hammonton from 1906 to 1957. The name is in honor of W.P. Hammon, gold-dredging company official.
# IGPA

IGPA may refer to:
* The Internet Gambling Prohibition Act, a 1999 bill in the US Senate to ban Internet gambling.
* Indice Global de Precios de Acciones a Chilean stock index.
# Paul Fedor (director)

Paul Fedor is an American music video director and visual effects designer.
Fedor studied illustration at the Parsons School of Design and has been a part of the computer graphics industry since 1994. He directed music videos and commercials.
He is the founder of the production company Natural Selection.
He has authored one book, Essence: The Face by Ballistic Publishing. The Face' was the first book on modern texturing and look development of CG Humans and Digi-Doubles for Video Games, TV, and Film.

## Filmography

* National Treasure: Book of Secrets (2007)
* Cirque du Freak: The Vampire's Assistant (2009)
* 2012 (2009)
* The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010)
* Unstoppable (2010)
* The Next Three Days (2010)
* All Good Things (2010)
* Immortals (2011)
* The Devil Inside (2012)
* Journey 2: The Mysterious Island (2012)
* Hotel Transylvania (2012)
* Mockingbird Lane (2012)
* Pacific Rim (2013)
* Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014)
* Divergent (2014)
* Godzilla (2014)
* Game of Thrones (2014)
* Furious 7 (2015)
* San Andreas (2015)
* Pan (2015)
* In the Heart of the Sea (2015)
* Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016)
* Star Trek Beyond (2016)
* Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016)
* Sleepy Hollow (2017)
* The Fate of the Furious (2017)
* Siren (2018)
* Shadow and Bone (2021)
* Moonfall (2022)
* The Batman (2022)
* Stranger Things (2022)
* The Gray Man (2022)
* Black Adam (2022)
* Slumberland (2022)
* Shazam! Fury of the Gods (2023)
* Meg 2: The Trench (2023)
# Jordan Brookes

Jordan Brookes (born 18 April 1986) is an Edinburgh Comedy Award-winning comedian.
Brookes was born in Merseyside and grew up in Surrey. His grandfather was Bill Sellars, a producer and director best known for his work on BBC series such as All Creatures Great and Small and Triangle.
Brookes studied animation at the University of Wales, Newport and began stand-up comedy in Cardiff. He won the Welsh Unsigned Comedy Award in 2012.
He made his first appearance at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2015. He was first nominated for the Edinburgh Comedy Award in 2017 for his show Body of Work. The following year he won the Comedians' Comedian award at the Chortle Awards. Then in 2019, he won the Main Prize at the Edinburgh Comedy Awards for his show I've Got Nothing which was described as 'stand-up's answer to Waiting For Godot'.
He has spoken of his admiration for stand-up Michael McIntyre, claiming he wanted to be "the existential Michael McIntyre, doing observational stuff but about disillusion, nihilism or sadness".

## Edinburgh Festival Fringe shows

| Year | Show | Venue | Awards |
| 2015 | Adventures in Limited Space | Just The Tonic at the Community Project | |
| 2016 | The Making Of | Laughing Horse at the Cellar Monkey | |
| 2017 | Body of Work | Pleasance Courtyard | Main Prize (nominated) |
| 2018 | Bleed | Pleasance Courtyard | |
| 2019 | I've Got Nothing | Pleasance Courtyard | Main Prize (won) |
| 2022 | This Is Just What Happens | Monkey Barrel | |
| 2024 | Fontanelle | Pleasance Dome | |
# Tribuloideae

Tribuloideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Zygophyllaceae.

## Genera

* Balanites Delile
* Kallstroemia Scop.
* Kelleronia Schinz
* Neoluederitzia Schinz
* Sisyndite E.Mey. ex Sond.
* Tribulopis R.Br.
* Tribulus L.
# Thorvald Hansen (weightlifter)

Thorvald Hansen (16 October 1891 – 13 February 1961) was a Danish weightlifter. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# John Williams Wilson

John Williams Wilson (1798–1857), also known as Juan Guillermos, was an English-Chilean sailor and politician. Born in Bristol, he entered the newly founded Chilean navy in 1824 and rose to the rank of commander. He was appointed governor of Talcahuano (1849–1855). He supervised construction of Fuerte Bulnes in 1843, which the government intended for a settlement at the Strait of Magellan. Puerto Williams, founded in 1953, was named for the naval commander.

## Early life, education and migration

John Williams Wilson was born in Bristol, England, to a family with a long seafaring tradition. He learned to sail with his father.
As a young man, he traveled to South America to enter the newly organized Chilean Navy in 1824, directed by the British Lord Cochrane. Williams was soon promoted to the rank of lieutenant. His name was Hispanicized and he was known as Juan Guillermos.
In early 1826 Williams took part in the campaign for the capture of Chiloé Archipelago from royalists. He was appointed as commander of Talcahuano. In 1827 he was promoted to lieutenant commander

## Marriage and family

In 1827 he also married Doña Micaela Rebolledo, born in Chile. The couple had three sons: Horacio, Luis, and Juan, and a daughter Lavinia. Juan Williams had an illustrious navy career.

## Rebellion and reinstatement, governor

In 1837, Williams defended General Ramón Freire Serrano after he revolted against the government of President General Joaquín Prieto Vial. For this, Williams was temporarily dismissed from the naval service. He was reinstated in 1838, and was available to fight in the second year of the war against the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.
A few years later Williams was appointed navy commander and Maritime Governor of Chiloé. In 1843 Don Manuel Bulnes Prieto, the President of the Republic, ordered him to mount a naval expedition to Magallanes. After building a fifty-ton, two-gun, schooner called Ancud in a location near Ancud, Commander Williams sailed to the Straits of Magellan, arriving on September 21, 1843 at Puerto San Felipe (Port Famine). He took possession of the Strait of Magellan and adjacent territories on behalf of the Republic of Chile, incorporating them into national territory.
The next day the French schooner Phaeton put in and, after saluting the Chilean flag, departed for Oceania. Williams supervised the construction of Fuerte Bulnes here to secure the Strait. The government intended to develop a settlement, but the location was too isolated, and the population was later moved to Punta Arenas. After being destroyed at the time to prevent other uses, the fort was reconstructed in the 20th century and is designated as a national monument.
As a reward for his service, Williams was appointed as governor of Talcahuano (1849–1855).
He died at age 59 in Valparaíso on 14 September 1857.

## Legacy and honours

* The town of Puerto Williams on Isla Navarino, founded in 1953 as a navy base, is named after him.
* Juan Guillermos Island is named for him.
* The satyrine butterfly Stuardosatyrus williamsianus (Butler, 1868) is named for him as well.
# RAF Lossiemouth RFC

RAF Lossiemouth RFC is a rugby union club based in Lossiemouth, Scotland. The Men's team currently plays in Caledonia North Three.

## History
### First side

There was a rugby club in Lossiemouth from 1929. The Aberdeen Press and Journal of 9 August 1929 reporting:
   RUGBY CLUB FOR LOSSIE. A movement is on foot to form a rugby club in Lossiemouth. Several good players are available, and all that necessary is financial aid. Interest in the game spreading through the county.
They played their first game on Monday 30 September 1929, with the Aberdeen Press and Journal reporting two days later:
   RUGBY AT LOSSIEMOUTH. Homesters Victory Over Elgin Team. The first Rugby football ever staged in Lossiemouth was played Monday evening between local tiftoen and an Elgin Academy team, and resulted in a victory for the homesters. Throughout the game Elgin's pack-work was consistently good, and their forwards showed well against the heavier Lossiemouth players. In the scrum the ball almost invariably went back to Elgin. Made No Mistake. In the first half both sets of three-quarters were hard-worked. In spite of the open nature the play, the visitors were at first almost wholly confined to their own territory, and it was during this period that all the scoring was done. Watt broke through by himself and touchced down fairly far out for Lossiemouth, but McCulloch failed with the kick. Ten minutes later Hay crossed from rear line, and this time McCulloch made no mistake. Near halftime Elgin had one or two break-aways, which, however, proved fruitless. Individual Effort. After the change over, play was of a freer nature, and individual effort took the place of a great deal of the pack-work. The light Elgin forward line broke away continually, but their three quarters were always stopped just short of the line. The fisal whistle went with the score standing: — Lossiemouth, 8 points; Elgin Academy, 0 points.
It seems likely that this club did not survive the Second World War.

### RNAS side

On the start of the Second World War, Lossiemouth hosted the Royal Navy Air Station. They had a rugby union side and played the local clubs.

### RAF side

The RAF moved into the RNAS site from 1972, and founded the present day rugby union side.
The club missed out on promotion from Caledonia North 3 league; it was top of the league when the Scottish Rugby Union declared the season null and void due to the coronavirus pandemic.

## Sides

The team has a strong contingent of RAF players but they also accept civilians into the side.
The club trains on Tuesday and Thursday nights from 6pm to 7.30pm.

## Honours
### Men's

* Strathspey Sevens
** Champions (1): 1998
* Inverness Craig Dunain Sevens
** Champions (1): 1991
* Ross Sutherland Sevens
** Champions (1): 1998
# Lars Ginzel

Lars Ginzel is a German sound engineer. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film All Quiet on the Western Front.
At the 76th British Academy Film Awards, he won a BAFTA Award for Best Sound. His win was shared with Frank Kruse, Viktor Prášil and Markus Stemler.

## Selected filmography

* All Quiet on the Western Front (2022)
# Hoplorana attenuata

Hoplorana attenuata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fairmaire in 1898. It is known from Madagascar.
# Werden (disambiguation)

Essen-Werden is a borough in the city of Essen, Germany.
Werden may also refer to:

## People

* Asa Werden (1779–1866), Canadian politician
* Frieda Werden (born 1947), American radio personality
* Perry Werden (1865–1934), American baseball player
* Sybil Werden (1924–2007), German dancer and actor
# IGN (disambiguation)

IGN (formerly Imagine Games Network) is an entertainment website that focuses on video games, films, music and other media.
IGN may also refer to:

## National mapping institutes

* Institut géographique national, the French national geographic institute, now called Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière
* Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Guatemala), the Guatemalan national geographic institute
* National Geographic Institute (Peru), the Peruvian national geographic institute
* Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain), the Spanish national geographic institute
* Nationaal Geografisch Instituut - Institut Géographique National, the Belgian national geographic institute, often referred to by the abbreviation "IGN" in Walloon and "NGI" in Flemish

## Other uses

* Imperial German Navy, navy for the German Empire from 1871 to 1919
* Intergovernmental Negotiations framework, a process to reform the United Nations Security Council
* International-Great Northern Railroad (I&GN), a railroad in the US state of Texas
* Iodine Global Network, a nonprofit organization
* Maria Cristina Airport, serving the general area of Iligan, Mindanao, Philippines, IATA airport code IGN
* Initialization of 'In-game Name'
# James Scott (antiquarian)

James Scott (1733–1818) was a Scottish minister and antiquarian who founded the Literary and Antiquarian Society.

## Life

Scott was born at Crowhill near Falnash the second son of Robert Scott of Falnash (d. 1734) and Violet Rutherford on 21 November 1733. He was educated at the High School in Edinburgh then studied at Edinburgh University. He was licensed to preach as a Church of Scotland minister by the Presbytery of Jedburgh in September 1758.
In September 1759 he was ordained as minister of Kinfauns. In November 1762 he translated to "second charge" of St John's Kirk in Perth, under David Black (son of Thomas Black). Om Black's death in 1771 Scott was promoted to "first charge".
In 1784 he founded the Literary and Antiquarian Society which wrote papers and lectured on various historical figures and events linked to Perth and Scotland. He translated several manuscripts from Latin into English.
He retired on grounds of infirmity in December 1807 and his position was filled briefly by Patrick Slight before Andrew Mitchell Thomson filled the role. Scott died in Perth on 27 April 1818. His collection of manuscripts passed to the Advocates Library in Edinburgh after his death. Some are held by the National Library of Scotland.

## Family

In August 1760 Scott married Beatrix Mercer (d.1806) daughter of Thomas Mercer of Pinhill. They had several children:
* Robert (b. 1762), died in infancy
* Thomas Scott (1763–1814)
* Elizabeth (b. 1765)
* Violet (1766–1770), died in childhood
* Susanna (1767–1854)
* James Scott (b. 1769), a merchant in Glasgow

## Publications

* A History of the Lives of the Protestant Reformers in Scotland (1810)
* History ofr the Life and Death of John, Earl of Gowrie (1818)
* Essays on Evangelical Subjects (1824, posthumously)
* Statistical Account of the Parish
He contributed to two magazines: The Religious Monitor and Christian Instructor.

## Artistic recognition

His portrait by "Thomson" is held by Perth and Kinross Council.
# Polynemicola

Polynemicola is a genus of monegenean. As all Monogenea, species of Polynemicola are ectoparasites that affect their host by attaching themselves as larvae on the gills of the fish and grow into adult stage. This larval stage is called oncomiracidium, and is characterized as free swimming and ciliated.

## Description

Members of the genus Polynemicola are characterised by a haptor nearly as long as, and distinct from, body; an eversible spiny cirrus; an unarmed genital atrium usually with a muscular sphincter-like rim and receptaculum seminis often well developed near the distal end of vagina.

## Species

Currently 14 species are recognized:
* Polynemicola aequispinosa Mamaev, 1977
* Polynemicola ambiguus Mamaev, 1977
* Polynemicola brachypetala Zhang, Yang & Xiao in Zhang, Yang & Liu, 2001
* Polynemicola bulbovaginatus Unnithan, 1971
* Polynemicola californicus Bravo-Hollis, 1986
* Polynemicola heterocotyle Mamev, 1977
* Polynemicola indicus Hadi, Mehwish, Tooba, Khalil & Ibrahim, 2019
* Polynemicola polynemi (MacCallum, 1917) Unnithan, 1971
* Polynemicola sciaenae Mamaev, 1977
* Polynemicola tritestis Unnithan, 1971
* Polynemicola sextariusi Gudivada & Vankara, 2010
* Polynemicola ambigua Mamaev, 1977 accepted as Polynemicola ambiguus Mamaev, 1977
* Polynemicola californica Bravo-Hollis, 1985 accepted as Polynemicola californicus Mamaev, 1977
* Polynemicola ichimidai (Ishii & Sawada, 1938) Unnithan, 1971 included in Bivagina tai as Bivagina tai (Yamaguti, 1938) Yamaguti, 1963
# Trois Saumons East River

The Trois Saumons East River(in French: Trois Saumons Est) river is a tributary of the east bank of the Trois Saumons River which flows to the south bank of the St. Lawrence River where it flows south-west of the village of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli and north-east of the village of L'Islet-sur-Mer.
The Trois Saumons Est river flows through the municipalities of Saint-Damase-de-L'Islet and Saint-Aubert, in the L'Islet Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

## Geography

The Trois Saumons Est river has its source on the eastern slope of the mountain designated "Le Pain de Sucre" which overlooks the eastern part of Trois Saumons lake (length: 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi); altitude: 434 metres (1,424 ft)), located in the municipality of Saint-Aubert. This mountain stream-fed spring is located 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) east of Trois Saumons lake, 13.4 kilometres (8.3 mi) south-east of the south shore of St. Lawrence River, 5.9 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of the center of the village of Saint-Damase-de-L'Islet.
From its source, the Trois Saumons Est River flows over 18.2 kilometres (11.3 mi).
The Trois Saumons Est River flows onto the east bank of the Trois Saumons River, west of Route 204. This confluence is located 1.7 kilometres (1.1 mi) southeast of the center from the village of Saint-Aubert and 7.1 kilometres (4.4 mi) to the south-east of the center of the village of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli.

## Toponymy

The toponym Rivière Trois Saumons Est was formalized on December 5, 1968, at the Commission de toponymie du Québec.