OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pier Giorgio Morandi

Pier Giorgio Morandi (born 1958) is an Italian oboist and conductor, especially of Italian opera of the 19th and early 20th century, who has worked internationally. After having played as principal oboe at La Scala in Milan, he turned to conducting, holding positions at the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma, the Hungarian State Opera House in Budapest, Royal Swedish Opera and Croatian National Theatre in Zagreb. He recorded productions of Verdi's Il trovatore at the Verona Arena and Puccini's Madama Butterfly at the Metropolitan Opera.

## Career

Morandi was born in Biella. He was solo oboist of the orchestra of La Scala in Milan for ten years, where he assisted conductors such as Riccardo Muti and Giuseppe Patanè. He studied composition in Milan and conducting at the Mozarteum in Salzburg. He studied conducting further in Tanglewood with Leonard Bernstein and Seiji Ozawa. In 1989 he became deputy chief conductor at the Teatro dell'Opera di Roma. He held positions at the Hungarian State Opera House in Budapest, and at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm. He worked at many Italian opera houses, the La Monnaie in Brussels, Opernhaus Zürich, the Vienna State Opera, the Semperoper in Dresden, and the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, among others.
Morandi is focused on Italian opera of the 19th and early 20th century, such as Rossini's Il barbiere di Siviglia, Donizetti's L'elisir d'amore, Bellini's La sonnambula, and works by Verdi and Puccini. In 2012, he conducted a production of Puccini's La fanciulla del West in Stockholm, directed by Christof Loy and with Nina Stemme in the title role which was recorded on DVD. A reviewer summarised that he "moulds the score into a beautiful whole" with a Puccini "surge". In 2019, he conducted a production of Verdi's Il trovatore at the Verona Arena, directed by Franco Zeffirelli, with Anna Netrebko as Leonora and Yusif Eyvazov in the title role, which was recorded on DVD. A performance of Puccini's Madama Butterfly from the Metropolitan Opera on 10 November 2019 was streamed live, with Hui He in the title role. He conducted at the Oper Frankfurt Puccini's Madama Butterfly and Il trittico among others, the latter in 2022 in a 2008 production directed by Claus Guth, with Željko Lučić, Elza van den Heever and Victória Pitts in leading roles. In 2023 he conducted Verdi's Falstaff at the Greek National Opera.
# Periplocin

Periplocin is a plant-derived glycoside whereby the sugar moiety is linked to a steroid. It can be extracted from cortex periplocae (CPP), the dry root of Periploca sepium.
CPP's healing activities have long been recognized in traditional Chinese medicine where it has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Scientific studies of CPP have identified over 100 components of which periplocin has been a major focus both for its toxicity as well as for its potential beneficial pharmaceutical effects. Besides the cardiac glycosides with periplocin as its main constituent, the CPP contains different C21-steroidal glycosides such as periplocodides and pregnene derivatives, fatty acids, volatile oils, terpenes, and others.
Higher doses of periplocin are toxic as a cardiac glycoside.
Potential medical applications of periplocin are focused on these areas:
* Anti-inflammatory effects. Periplocin and its derivatives have shown anti-inflammatory effects.
* Antitumor activity. A number of in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that periplocin inhibits tumor growth. Studies show both inhibition of growth as well as induction of apoptosis.
* Cardiotonic activity. Traditional use includes an application for heart failure. Structure and function of cardiac muscle were improved in rats.
Periplocin's metabolites, periplocymarin and periplogenin, have also shown some pharmacological effects.
Potential senolytic activity was suggested by an AI structural analysis of over 4,000 chemicals in 2013.
# Mittleman

Mittleman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Mittleman (born 1953), American theologian
* Harry Mittleman (1900–1985), American building contractor, apartment owner, and real estate developer
* Rick Mittleman (1930–2014), American screenwriter
* Stu Mittleman, ultradistance running champion, fitness/running coach, and author
# Nicolas Giraud

Nicolas Giraud (born 12 November 1978) is a French actor and filmmaker. Giraud is known for playing the role of Peter in the 2008 action film Taken. He is the writer, director and lead actor of the short film Faiblesses (2009). Giraud played the lead role in L'Astronaute (2022), a French film that he wrote and directed.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2008 | Taken | Peter |
| 2008 | Like a Star Shining in the Night | Marc |
| 2009 | Faiblesses | Lui |
| 2010 | The Extraordinary Adventures of Adèle Blanc-Sec | Andrej Zborowski |
| 2011 | Voir la mer | Nicolas |
| 2012 | Ce que le jour doit à la nuit | Fabrice |
| 2014 | Far from Men | Lieutenant Le Tallec |
| 2015 | Anton Tchékhov 1890 | Anton Tchekhov |
| 2017 | The Guardians | |
| 2018 | Close Enemies | |
| 2022 | L'Astronaute | Jim |
# Festival of Life

Festival of life may refer to:
* A celebration/festival of life, a funeral event focusing on one's accomplishments in life
* The 1968 Democratic National Convention protest activity, a historical event
# Indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase

Indole-3-carboxylate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.92) is an enzyme with systematic name indole-3-carboxylate carboxy-lyase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    indole-3-carboxylate $\rightleftharpoons$ indole + CO$_2$
This enzyme is activated by Zn$^{2+}$, Mn$^{2+}$ or Mg$^{2+}$.
# Information set

Information set may refer to:
* Information set (game theory), in game theory, a set that, for a particular player, establishes all the possible moves that could have taken place in the game so far, given what that player has observed
* XML Information Set or Infoset, a W3C specification dealing with XML documents
# Pukehangi

Pukehangi is a western suburb of Rotorua in the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand's North Island.

## History

In 2017, Rotorua District Council identified Pukehangi as a key area for future residential development. An 89-section subdivision and a 33-section subdivision were both announced that year. More sections were due to become available in 2019.
In December 2018, landowners of farmland west of the suburb sought planning consent to develop new residential areas. The plan change was approved by the Rotorua District Council and Ministry for the Environment during 2019. It was opened up it to public submissions in January 2020.
In 2019, a Pukehangi rental home was the subject of a 7-month legal dispute between a landlord and tenant, which ended with the High Court terminating the tenancy.

## Demographics

Pukehangi covers 2.29 km$^2$ (0.88 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 5,560 as of June 2023, with a population density of 2,428 people per km$^2$.
Pukehangi had a population of 5,277 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 390 people (8.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 336 people (6.8%) since the 2006 census. There were 1,758 households, comprising 2,496 males and 2,778 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.9 males per female, with 1,362 people (25.8%) aged under 15 years, 1,080 (20.5%) aged 15 to 29, 2,151 (40.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 684 (13.0%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 65.5% European/Pākehā, 44.7% Māori, 5.7% Pacific peoples, 5.9% Asian, and 1.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 13.4, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 53.6% had no religion, 34.8% were Christian, 2.6% had Māori religious beliefs, 1.0% were Hindu, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.2% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 528 (13.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 861 (22.0%) people had no formal qualifications. 399 people (10.2%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,911 (48.8%) people were employed full-time, 576 (14.7%) were part-time, and 285 (7.3%) were unemployed.
Individual statistical areas :
| Name | Area (km$^2$) | Population | Density (per km$^2$) | Households | Median age | Median income |
| Pukehangi North | 1.18 | 2,706 | 2,293 | 819 | 28.0 years | $22,900 |
| Pukehangi South | 1.11 | 2,571 | 2,316 | 939 | 40.2 years | $32,800 |
| New Zealand | | | | | 37.4 years | $31,800 |
# Villebaudon

Villebaudon is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.

## Transportation

Villebaudon is located on the crossroads of the D999 and the D13.

## History

The village was liberated during operation 'COBRA' the breakout by the American army on 29 July 1944 after some very heavy fighting lasting 13 hours, 11 German tanks were destroyed and 180 German defenders killed.
# Heaphy Tin Man

The Heaphy Tin Man, also known as the Heaphy Sheet Metal Man refers to several versions of folk art metal sculptures of a human form displayed for over a century in Syracuse, New York to promote a family business.
The various versions of the Heaphy Tin Man were functional works of art that served to promote the Heaphy family sheet metal shop and hardware store in Syracuse. The business was founded in 1892 alongside the Erie Canal, and the original product was mud flaps for horse-drawn wagons. The business gradually expanded to include sheet metal work, heating and hardware.
The Tin Man has had many forms, practically a stick form in its original incarnation it grew into a seven and a half foot 18 gauge iron colossus reinforced with heavy duty soil pipe submerged 4 feet into the ground and 5 ½ feet up through the interior of the figure to withstand potential impact.
Vandalism is not a recent threat; since its first installation in the early thirties, The Tin Man has survived many attempts at its demise, ranging from mild explosives to direct impacts with motor vehicles from a number of eras. Not only have the efforts been destructive, but some have also been merely embarrassing; along with the many messages in graffiti, the tin man was pelted on a number of occasions with various types of pies.
Some urban legends have cropped up along the way also, including the story that upon passing the figure on their way to a concert date in Syracuse the ironically labeled Heavy Metal band Black Sabbath conjured up the song “Iron Man”.
There are myriad stories of the giant and sometimes scary metal man that are secure in the collective memories of the area of Syracuse, New York.
# Halffter

Halffter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rodolfo Halffter (1900–1987), Spanish composer, brother of Ernesto
* Ernesto Halffter (1905–1989), Spanish composer
* Cristóbal Halffter (1930–2021), Spanish composer, father of Pedro
* Pedro Halffter Caro (born 1971), Spanish conductor and composer
# Glenroy River

The Glenroy River is a tributary of the Mātakitaki River in the north of the South Island of New Zealand. It is widely known as a short class 4 river (River difficulty classification system for rafting).
* This article about a river in the Tasman District is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nicholas Fish (disambiguation)

Nicholas Fish was an American Revolutionary War soldier.
Nicholas Fish may also refer to:
* Nicholas Fish II (1846–1902), grandson of the soldier
* Nicholas Fish (MP) (died 1558), English politician
* Cola Pesce, an Italian folktale
# The Prisoners (painting)

The Prisoners (Polish: Aresztanci, also known as Na etapie) is an 1883 oil painting by Polish painter Jacek Malczewski. It depicts a group of Polish political prisoners exiled to Siberia for their participation in the national January Uprising of 1863–1864 against Tsarist Russia. It is now displayed at the National Museum in Warsaw.

## Background

January Uprising began on 22 January 1863 and was aimed at the restoration of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The conflict was the longest lasting insurgency in post-partition Poland and engaged all levels of society. The uprising was suppressed in 1864 and among the many reprisals of the Russian Empire against the insurrectionists were forced deportations to Siberia.
Jacek Malczewski, similarly to fellow painter Józef Chełmoński, witnessed the January Uprising as a child, which had exerted a lasting impact on the artist as an adult. He created many paintings forming a significant part of Poland's rich iconography portraying the country's fight for independence during the Age of Partitions and The Prisoners is one of the artist's works directly referring to the fate of Poles sentenced to resettlement in Siberia.

## Description and analysis

The painting forms part of the Siberian Compositions series by Malczewski and shows a strong influence of Artur Grottger in tackling the subject matter. It depicts a group of Polish captives, known as sybiraks, taking a rest on their long and dangerous road to Siberia. They differ in age, social status as well as the way they individually experience their tragic circumstances. The foreground presents members of the intelligentsia and students with the figure of a despairing youth wearing a shackle on his ankle and sitting on a chair covering his face in his arms. An elderly man is leaning towards him trying to comfort the young man. In the background, there are figures of members belonging to the lower class and peasants, wearing shabby clothes and carrying their belongings. This realistic juxtaposition of well-educated, noble patriots with commoners, some of whom were petty criminals, leads to the demythologization of the popular image of sybiraks in Polish culture. A sense of isolation between the two groups depicted in the painting serves the purpose of demonstrating that the willingness to accept the sacrifice for the nation's independence was not shared by all members of the Polish society.
On the left, a Russian soldier holding a rifle is standing at the entrance to the barrack and guarding the seven men and boys inside. A wintry landscape is visible in the distance. The portrayal of the prisoners' misery and suffering was meant to arouse patriotic feelings and is seen as an analogy to the suffering of the entire nation under foreign rule. The domination of dark and grey colours reinforces the atmosphere of sadness. It contrasts with the artist's later works full of colours and hidden symbolic meanings.
# Onthocharis

Onthocharis is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea.
# Punctapinella chionocarpa

Punctapinella chionocarpa is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Colombia.
# Villebarou

Villebarou (pronounced) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department, Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is located 3.8 km (2.4 mi) from Blois.

## History

Archaeological assessment suggests ancient settlement near the present-day Vendôme Route, with ceramics dating from the 1st and 2nd centuries.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 1,372 | — |
| 1821 | 1,208 | −0.45% |
| 1846 | 1,086 | −0.42% |
| 1872 | 1,011 | −0.27% |
| 1901 | 878 | −0.49% |
| 1926 | 702 | −0.89% |
| 1946 | 802 | +0.67% |
| 1962 | 955 | +1.10% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1968 | 1,307 | +5.37% |
| 1975 | 1,475 | +1.74% |
| 1982 | 1,573 | +0.92% |
| 1990 | 1,793 | +1.65% |
| 1999 | 1,946 | +0.91% |
| 2007 | 2,570 | +3.54% |
| 2012 | 2,569 | −0.01% |
| 2017 | 2,460 | −0.86% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Regional Park of Decima-Malafede

The Nature Reserve of Decima-Malafede is a protected natural area of Lazio, Italy, entirely included in the territory of the Municipality of Rome. It has an area of approximately 6,145 hectares.
The Reserve was established in 1997.
The park is in the southwest zone of the city of Rome, bounded by the Grande Raccordo Anulare, the Via Pontina, the Via Laurentina and the territory of the Municipality of Pomezia.
The park is notable for its population of wild boars, while sedimentary rocks contain human prehistoric remains.
# Phrynoeme

Phrynoeme is a genus of typical longhorn beetles in the family Cerambycidae. This genus has a single species, Phrynoeme cucullata, found in South America.
# Perspectives on Behavior Science

Perspectives on Behavior Science is a semiannual peer-reviewed scientific journal covering behavior analysis. It was established in 1978 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Association for Behavior Analysis International, of which it is the official journal. It was published as The Behavior Analyst until it obtained its current name in 2018. The editor-in-chief is Christine Hughes (University of North Carolina Wilmington). According to its website, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.0.
# Mohammed Shakeer

Mohammed Shakeer (born 15 November 1986) is an Indian former cricketer. He played three first-class matches for Hyderabad between 2007 and 2008.
# Hippo, Kentucky

Hippo is an unincorporated community located in Floyd County, Kentucky, United States.
A post office was established in the community in 1902 and named for local resident Bee Madison "Hippo" Craft. At the time "hippo," short for hypochondriac, was Southern slang for an irritable and complaining person, something Craft was apparently known for in town.
Their post office closed in June 1996.
# The Quest (British TV series)

The Quest is a series of three feature-length comedy dramas produced by Yorkshire Television and written for British television by Douglas Livingstone and directed by David Jason. The first episode in the series premiered on ITV in 2002.
Two follow-up episodes were also created by Livingstone and Jason: The Second Quest and The Final Quest (both 2004). The series revolves around three older men (played by Jason, Hywel Bennett and Roy Hudd) trying to relive their youth. Other members of the cast included Les Dennis, Anna Karen, Diane Langton and Georgia Tennant.
# Ontholestes

Ontholestes is a genus of large rove beetles in the family Staphylinidae. There are at least 20 described species in Ontholestes.

## Species

These 21 species belong to the genus Ontholestes:
* Ontholestes asiaticus Smetana, 1959$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes aurosparsus Fauvel, 1895$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes callistus Hochhuth, 2012$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes cingulatus (Gravenhorst, 1802)$^{gb}$ (gold-and-brown rove beetle)
* Ontholestes gracilis Sharp, 1874$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes hairaerensis Li & Chen,/1993$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes haroldi (Eppelsheim, 1884)$^g$
* Ontholestes hayashii Li, 1992$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes inauratus Mannerheim, 1830$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes marginalis (Gené, 1836)$^g$
* Ontholestes murinus Linnaeus, 1758$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes napoensis Zhuo Yang, Hong-Zhang Zhou, 2012$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes oculatus Sharp, 1874$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes orientalis Bernhauer, 1906$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes paramurinus Li & Chen, 1993$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes proximus Kirshenblat, 1936$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes rosti Bernhauer, ms$^c$
* Ontholestes simulator Kirshenblat, 1936$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes tenuicornis Kraatz, 1859$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes tessellatus Geoffroy, 1785$^{cg}$
* Ontholestes xinqiaoensis Zhuo Yang, Hong-Zhang Zhou, 2012$^{cg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Ingakslugwat Hills

The Ingakslugwat Hills volcanic field is in the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta in western Alaska. It contains eight large craters and about thirty small pyroclastic cones in an area of some 500 km$^2$. The field contains unusual so-called "Ingakslugwat volcanoes", volcanic ridges up to 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) long and 400 metres (1,300 ft) high which are formed by pyroclastic material. They most likely formed by the interaction of permafrost with magma, seeing as they have a hydrovolcanic nature despite being high above the water table.
The field is located 35 miles (56 km) north of Baird Inlet. The volcanoes rise 600 feet (180 m) over the surrounding plains and often contain small crater lakes. The height of the cones ranges 8–190 metres (26–623 ft). The volcanoes were active between 1 million and 700,000 years ago, but the latest activity may be of Holocene age. The volcanoes are formed by basaltic rocks. Other Quaternary volcanic centres in the region are Nelson Island and the Kusilvak Mountains.
Olivine basalt is the principal volcanic rock but basanite and nephelinite are also found.
# Puncture resistance

Puncture resistance denotes the relative ability of a material or object to inhibit the intrusion of a foreign object. This is defined by a test method, regulation, or technical specification. It can be measured in several ways ranging from a slow controlled puncture to a rapid impact of a sharp object or a rounded probe.
Tests devised to measure puncture resistance are generally application-specific, covering items such as roofing and packaging materials, protective gloves, needle disposal facilities, bulletproof vests, tires, etc. Puncture resistance in fabrics can be obtained through very tight woven fabrics, small ceramic plates in fabric coating or tight woven fabrics with a coating of hard crystals. All described methods significantly reduce the softness and flexibility of the fabric.
The puncture resistance will depend on the nature of puncture attempt, with the two most important features being point sharpness and force. A fine sharp point such as a hypodermic needle will require a high ability to absorb and distribute the force to avoid penetration, but the total forces applied are still limited. The EN388 glove standard use a more pencil-like object with a flat tip of 1 mm diameter. The EN388 test is highly dependent on the materials ability to withstand high forces through high tenacity and to a lesser extent to avoid cut or separation of the material.
There is no or limited correlation between the protections provided in the low force/needle protection and the high force/pencil like EN388 test.
Needle-resistant materials as described above are generally pierced by a force between 2-10 N by a 25 gauge needle perpendicular to the fabric. The forces in the EN 388 test results are rated according to a score from 0-4 (0, <20 N; 1, 20 N; 2, 60 N; 3, 100 N; 4, >150 N). A newer test, ASTM F2878-10, is specifically designed to simulate common hypodermic needles in 21-, 25-, 28- gauge.
# Vikerkaar

Vikerkaar ('rainbow' in Estonian) is an Estonian magazine published in Tallinn, Estonia by Kultuurileht SA. The magazine focuses on Estonian literature.
First number was issued in 1986.
1986-2006 was also issued Russian version of Vikerkaar. The magazine was called Радуга.
# Reichenbach (Kocher)

The Reichenbach is a small river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Kocher near Braunsbach.