OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Clayton Foulk

George Clayton Foulk (October 30, 1856 – 1893) was a United States Navy officer and U.S. Naval Attache to the Kingdom of Korea in 1876. He also served as chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Korea in the absence of the American minister or consul.

## Early life

George Clayton Foulk was born in Marietta, Pennsylvania, son of Clayton and Caroline Foulk.

## U.S. naval career

George Foulk graduated, from the United States Naval Academy. Foulk in went to Asia in 1876 on the ship Alert. He made a 427-mile journey through Japan, then returned to the United States over land, via Korea, Siberia, and Europe. Foulk became fluent in Japanese and Korean; when a Korean mission arrived, in 1883, he was the only person in Washington who could interpret between the two countries. He was appointed U.S. Naval Attache to Korea and, after arriving there, embarked on two long journeys by sedan chair around the country. On the longer journey, which lasted 43 days, his visit included Gongju, Gwangju, Haeinsa, Busan, Daegu, and Mungyeong. A coup occurred in Seoul during the latter part of this journey and the Koreans' hospitality turned to hostility from those who took him to be a Japanese spy.

## U.S. envoy to the Kingdom of Korea

Foulk served as the acting chargé d'affaires to the Kingdom of Korea, from 1885–1886 and again, from 1886–1887. Soon after his relief by William Harwar Parker, Foulk was sent back to Korea after a report reached Washington, D.C. that Parker was a "chronic drunkard" who suffered from alcoholism. The United States government considered the situation so serious that a squadron of naval vessels was diverted to intercept Foulk's passenger liner and return him to Korea as soon as possible.
George Foulk was finally recalled several months later and relieved by Hugh A. Dinsmore with the U.S. acting at the behest of the Chinese government. The Chinese were unhappy with Foulk's attempts to build up Korea's ability to counteract Chinese and Japanese influence.

## Last years

After his recall, George Foulk became a teacher, at Doshisha College (now Doshisha University), in Kyoto, Japan. On September 7, 1887, he married a Japanese national, Murase Kane, with whom he had corresponded while in Korea.
* George Foulk with his spouse, Murase Kane

## Death

George Foulk died in 1893. He and his wife were buried together in the Nyakuoji Cemetery, Kyoto.
# Moose Jaw (territorial electoral district)

Moose Jaw was a territorial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Northwest Territories, Canada.
The riding was created by royal proclamation in 1883 and abolished in 1905 when Alberta and Saskatchewan were created.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs)

| Name | Elected | Left office |
| James Hamilton Ross | 1883 | 1901 |
| George Annable | 1901 | 1905 |

## Election results
### 1883

August 13, 1883 by-election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | James Hamilton Ross | 42 | 67.74% |
| | John McKay | 20 | 32.26% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 62 | 100% |

### 1885

1885 Northwest Territories election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | James Hamilton Ross | 161 | 60.99% |
| | Edward W. Hopkins | 103 | 39.01% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 264 | 100% |

### 1888

1888 Northwest Territories general election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | James Hamilton Ross | 161 | 55.72% |
| | George Annable | 129 | 44.28% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 290 | 100% |

### 1891

1891 Northwest Territories general election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | James Hamilton Ross | 232 | 55.11% |
| | John Gilbert Gordon | 189 | 44.89% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 421 | 100% |

### 1894

1894 Northwest Territories general election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | James Hamilton Ross | 413 | 55.59% |
| | George Annable | 330 | 44.41% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 743 | 100% |

### 1897

October 26, 1897 by-election :
| Name | Vote | % |
| James Hamilton Ross | Acclaimed | Acclaimed |
The by-election was held to confirm Mr. Ross to his appointment as the Territorial Secretary, the Territorial Treasurer and Minister of Public Works and Minister of Agriculture in the Northwest Territories cabinet.

### 1898

1898 Northwest Territories general election :
| Name | Vote | % |
| James Hamilton Ross | Acclaimed | Acclaimed |

### 1901

March 22, 1901 by-election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | George Annable | 498 | 50.15% |
| | Arthur Hitchcock | 495 | 49.85% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 993 | 100% |

### 1902

1902 Northwest Territories general election :
| | Name | Vote | % |
| | George Annable | 579 | 55.14% |
| | William Riddell | 471 | 44.86% |
| Total votes | Total votes | 1,050 | 100% |
# Hermann Nolte

Hermann Nolte (3 June 1873, Düsseldorf - 25 February 1935, Düsseldorf) was a German sculptor. Most of his work involved architectural decorations, some of which may still be unidentified.

## Life and work

His father, Adolph Nolte, was a Master tinker. He studied with Anton Josef Reiss at the Kunstgewerbeschule Düsseldorf. Upon completing his studies, at the age of twenty, he went on an extended journey to Rome. Following that, he spent three years as an assistant in the workshop of the Swiss sculptor, August Bösch [de].
In 1899, he continued his formal studies at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, with Syrius Eberle. This was followed by six years as an assistant to Ignatius Taschner; reportedly at the request of Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria, who liked his smaller works, and wanted him to stay in Munich. After his father's death in 1908, he returned to Düsseldorf, and lived in the house where he had been born. During this period, he often collaborated with the architect, Hermann vom Endt, and developed a recurring motif which included figures of children.
Shortly after his arrival there, he became a member of the progressive artists' group, Malkasten and, with some short interruptions, would remain a member for the rest of his life. In 1911 and 1913, he participated in the Große Kunstausstellung NRW Düsseldorf [de], with a series of bronze statuettes in the Art Nouveau style. Some were also shown at the Große Berliner Kunstausstellung of 1917. That same year, he began work on a memorial to the war dead, at the Nordffriedhof [de], designed by the architect, Hermann Goerke [de]. It occupied him until 1921 and is one of his most individually prominent works.
In the 1920s, he opened a large sculpture workshop in the Pempelfort district. In the 1930s, he had one in the studio building of the Verein der Düsseldorfer Künstler [de] (artists' association). There, he created copies of Calvary figures at St.Lambertus Church [de], by his former teacher, Reiss. The originals had fallen into disrepair, and have since been lost. He also created a bronze relief plaque for a memorial to the 2nd Westphalian Regiment. It was dedicated in 1931.
He died in his home, in 1935, at the age of sixty-two.
# Trash the Planet

Trash the Planet is the fourth studio album by Australian rock band Spy vs. Spy, produced by Craig Leon (The Ramones, Blondie) and released through WEA in November 1989.

## Track listing

All songs written by Craig Bloxom, Michael Weiley, Cliff Grigg and Russell Thomas

## Charts

| Chart (1989/90) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 22 |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Label | Format | Catalogue |
| Australia | November 1989 | WEA | LP, CD, Cassette | 256920-1, 256920-2, 256920-4 |
# Thomas Bellut

Thomas Bellut (born 8 March 1955) is a German journalist. From 2012 to 2022, he was the director (German: Intendant) of the TV channel ZDF.

## Early life and education

Bellut was born in Osnabrück. After graduating from the school Antonianum in Vechta in 1974, he studied Political Science, History and Journalism at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster from 1975 to 1982. During his studies he was a scholar of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, finishing his studies with a PhD.

## Career

Before Bellut transferred to the TV channel ZDF in Mainz, he worked from 1983 to 1984 at the newspaper Westfälische Nachrichten in Münster.
At the ZDF channel Bellut was an editor of the Länderspiegel (lit. Federal State Mirror) TV magazine and ZDF correspondent in Berlin. He then became an assistant to the program director Oswald Ring responsible for shows like Familienmagazin (Family Magazine) and Reiselust (Wanderlust). After that, he was editorial director for special programs and the magazine blickpunkt (focal point). From 1997 he headed the main editorial department for domestic policy and presented specials and election broadcasts, like the Politbarometer, ZDF spezial [de], and the interview series Was nun, ..? (What now, ..?)
From 2002 to 2012 Bellut was Program Director of the ZDF channel. On 17 June 2011 he was elected as successor of Markus Schächter as ZDF Director. He is in office since 14/15 March 2012. As ZDF Director, Bellut has also been a member of the Global Task Force for Public Media, an initiative of the Public Media Alliance, since its founding in September 2019.

## Other activities

* Arte, Ex-Officio Vice President of the General Assembly
* Aktion Mensch, Ex-Officio Chairman of the Supervisory Board
* Deutsche Sporthilfe, Member of the Foundation's Council (since 2015)
* German Coordinating-Council for Christian-Jewish Cooperation Organizations, Member of the Board of Trustees
* German Foundation for Monument Protection, Member of the Board of Trustees
* International Journalists' Programmes (IJP), Member of the Board of Trustees
* Reporters Without Borders Germany, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Senckenberg Nature Research Society, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Stiftung Lesen, Chairman of the Board of Trustees
* Welthungerhilfe, Member of the Board of Trustees
# Tillandsia kirchhoffiana

Tillandsia kirchhoffiana is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tillandsia. This species is endemic to Mexico.
# Tillandsia klausii

Tillandsia klausii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Tillandsia. This species is endemic to Mexico.
# Thunder Glacier (Antarctica)

Thunder Glacier (64°50′S 63°24′W﻿ / ﻿64.833°S 63.400°W﻿ / -64.833; -63.400) is a through glacier, 4 nautical miles (7 km) long, which extends in an east–west direction across Wiencke Island between Sierra DuFief and the Wall Range, in the Palmer Archipelago. Probably known since the discovery of Wiencke Island by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition in 1898. Charted in 1944 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), and so named by them because a survey party was nearly overwhelmed there by an avalanche.
# Tilsley Park

Tilsley Park is an athletics stadium in Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, which is home to Oxford Saints American Football Club. It is managed by Abingdon School on behalf of Vale of White Horse District Council.
In 2014, Abingdon School took over the management of Tilsley Park and undertook a series of improvements which including installing a new 4G surface and refurbishing the facility's social areas.
# Lutrochus arizonicus

Lutrochus arizonicus is a species of travertine beetle in the family Lutrochidae. It is found in North America.
# Starvation (glaciology)

In glaciology, starvation occurs when a glacier retreats, not because of temperature increases, but due to precipitation so low that the ice flow downward into the zone of ablation exceeds the replenishment from snowfall. Eventually, the ice will move so far down that it either calves into the ocean or melts.
When starvation does occur, however, it can almost always be reversed by slight changes in precipitation, such as are brought about by mountain ranges. Thus, even if glaciers do not cover a lowland due to low precipitation, glaciation is almost certain to occur at higher elevations.

## Occurrences

Starvation of continental ice sheets is known to have occurred during the period before the Last Glacial Maximum in many areas of Canada and the West Siberian Plain.
It is thought that, after the end of the Eemian Stage, continental ice sheets first formed near or beyond their northern margins (that is, in the extreme northwest of Siberia and the Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories and Nunavut in North America). However, as an ice sheet advances, precipitation at its centre (known as a dome) tends to become very low because high-pressure systems form due to the very cold temperatures above the ice. This meant that at the northern edge of the ice sheets, there was almost no replenishment of the ice, and as it fell to lower elevations, even if it did not melt, it was not being replaced.
Thus, as the continental ice sheets of Quaternary glaciations advanced south according to each Milankovitch cycle, their northern edges were starved and it is believed that starvation caused them to retreat substantially southward by the time the southern limits of maximum glaciation were approached. In areas such as the Russian Far East, eastern Siberia and Beringia, glaciers were, in effect, starved before they could form at all.
Some have also argued that starvation, as well as increasing temperatures, played a significant role in the decay of continental ice sheets after the LGM. The argument is that as fresh water from the melting edges of the ice sheet reached the sea, the flow of warm water which fed the ice sheets was stopped and deglaciation during the summer accelerated. This is considered a highly controversial position.
Starvation of glaciers is believed to have occurred during the Little Ice Age in parts of Alaska, the Himalayas and the Karakoram. This is because these glaciers do not follow the general global patterns of glacial advance during warm periods and retreat during cold periods, which would imply that their size is controlled by the amount of precipitation they receive (because temperatures are so low that the increases deemed from global warming, for example, would fail to melt them to any degree whatsoever).
# The Australian Journal of Anthropology

The Australian Journal of Anthropology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published triannually by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Australian Anthropological Society. The journal was established in 1931 as Mankind and obtained its current name in 1990. The journal covers anthropological topics including theoretically focused analyses and ethnographic reports in the Pacific and Asian regions neighbouring Australia.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2011 impact factor of 0.571, ranking it 43rd out of 81 journals in the category "Anthropology".
# George Cleeve

George Cleeve (c. 1586–after November 1666) was an English early settler and founder of today's Portland, Maine. He was Deputy President of the Province of Lygonia from 1643 until the final submission of its Maine towns to Massachusetts authority in 1658.

## Life and career

Born about 1586 in Stogursey, Somersetshire, England, Cleeve emigrated to what is now New England in 1630, settling first in Spurwink, Maine (near today's Cape Elizabeth), and at Falmouth (today's Portland) in 1633. In 1637, Sir Ferdinando Gorges granted Cleeve and associate Richard Tucker 1,500 acres (6.1 km$^2$) at Machegonne (Portland Neck) that included the area of today's downtown Portland.
His career was both contentious and litigious, engaged in frequent land disputes and vying with Gorges' Province of Maine for jurisdiction over the area north of Cape Porpoise. He is known to have convened provincial courts at Casco in 1644 and Black Point in 1648.
Under Massachusetts governance of the area, he was Commissioner for Falmouth (from 1658) and Representative to the General Court, 1663–1664.
Cleeve married Joan Price on 7 September 1618. Their daughter, Elizabeth (born 1619), married in 1637 Michael Mitton.

## Death

Cleeve died sometime after November 1666, according to the last known record of his life. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Portland.
# Morion monilicornis

Morion monilicornis is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Hesperoperla hoguei

Hesperoperla hoguei, the banded stone, is a species of common stonefly in the family Perlidae. It is found in North America.
# Trashed

Trashed may refer to:
* Trashed (album), an album by the punk rock group Lagwagon
* "Trashed" (Black Sabbath song), 1983
* "Trashed" (Skin song), 2003
* Trashed (game show), an American television series
* Trashed (film), a 2012 film
* Trashed (comic book), a 2015 comic by Derf Backderf
# Thomas Henry Illidge

Thomas Henry Illidge (26 September 1799 – 13 May 1851) was an English portrait painter.

## Life and work

Illidge was born in Birmingham on 26 September 1799, belonging to a family resident near Nantwich, Cheshire. Illidge's father moved to Manchester, and, dying young, left a young family ill-provided for. Illidge was educated in Manchester, and taught drawing. He was subsequently the pupil in succession of Mather Brown and William Bradley. He initially tried landscape painting, but married early, and, as a result, took up portrait-painting as a more profitable endeavour.
Illidge was successful as a portrait-painter in the great manufacturing towns of Lancashire, painting many of the civic or financial celebrities of the locality. He was a frequent exhibitor at the Liverpool Academy from 1827. In 1842 he came to London, and was from that time was a constant exhibitor at the Royal Academy. In 1844, on the death of Henry Perronet Briggs, R.A., Illidge purchased the lease of the deceased artist's house in Bruton Street, Berkeley Square, where he commenced practice as a popular and fashionable portrait-painter.
Illidge died unexpectedly of fever on 13 May 1851.
# Thomas Bignold

Thomas Bignold (1761–1835) was an English businessman. He was the founder of Norwich Union, now known as Aviva plc, one of the United Kingdom's largest insurance businesses.

## Career

Born in Westerham, Kent, Thomas Bignold worked as an exciseman before moving to Norwich in the early 1780s. He became a wine and spirit merchant in 1785. In 1792, he was appointed secretary of the Norwich General Assurance Company.
He left Norwich General Assurance in 1797 to found the Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society with support from local shopkeepers. He appointed 500 local agents who helped him to expand the geographic coverage of the business; growth was also driven by his practice of offering profit sharing to fire insurance policy holders. He went on to found the Norwich Union Life Insurance Society in 1808.
After 1815, the post-war recession started to bite and claims against the Society increased and he initially resisted many of those claims — some legitimately but others not. Eventually, his sons collaborated with the other directors to force him to retire.
In retirement, "Bignold's situation had deteriorated and his eccentricity may have crossed the border with insanity. He had been made bankrupt and incarcerated in a debtor’s prison. He had taken an interest in the shoe industry, patenting the invention of revolving heels for ladies' shoes."
He was a churchwarden and freeman grocer. He died in 1835.

## Family

By 1785 he had married Sarah Long and together they went on to have three sons and three daughters. His youngest son, Samuel, was his successor and later a Member of Parliament.
# Thomas Bignall

Thomas Bignall (8 January 1842 – 19 September 1898) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Nottinghamshire between 1863 and 1878 as a right-handed batsman and very occasional fast bowler.
# Thomas Lindsay (bishop)

Thomas Lindsay (or Lindesay, Lyndesay), D.D., B.D., M.A (1656–1724) was an Anglican clergyman who served in the Church of Ireland as the Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, Bishop of Killaloe, Bishop of Raphoe and finally Archbishop of Armagh.

## Biography

The son of a Scottish Minister, he was born in 1656 in Blandford in Dorset, England. He became a Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, graduating with a Master of Arts in 1678, a Bachelor of Divinity and Doctor of Divinity in 1693. In 1686 he was appointed rector of St Mary Magdalene Woolwich in Kent (now London).
He came to Ireland as chaplain to Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Tewkesbury, the Lord Deputy of Ireland. Soon afterwards he was appointed Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, by letters patent on 6 February 1694, and installed in the cathedral the next day. Two years later, he was nominated Bishop of Killaloe on 12 February 1696 and consecrated at St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, on 22 March 1696 by Archbishop Narcissus Marsh of Dublin, assisted by Bishop William Moreton of Kildare, and Bishop Nathaniel Foy of Waterford and Lismore. He was translated to the bishopric of Raphoe on 6 June 1713, and a few months later he was promoted to the archbishopric of Armagh on 4 January 1714. He died in Dublin on 13 July 1724, and was buried in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin.

## Family

Thomas was the son of the Rev. John Lindsay, Minister of Blandford. His father was a descendant of the Lindsays of Kinnettles, who descend from the Lindsays of Evelick, who descend from the Lindsays of Lekoquhy, who descend from the third son of Sir David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford.
# Thomy

Thomy is a Swiss food brand owned by Nestlé. It produces condiments such as mayonnaise, mustard, salad dressings, tomato puree and cooking oil.

## Background

In 1907, Helvetia became the first company to produce mustard on an industrial scale in Switzerland. Its mustard was sold in bulk in large stoneware pots under the Langenthaler Senf brand. Subsequently renamed Thomi’s Langenthaler Senf, the brand was eventually registered under the name Thomy’s Senf in 1930, with the ‘i’ being replaced with a ‘y’ in Thomy to make it a more internationally marketable name.
Hans Thomi, the founder of Thomi & Franck SA also decided to sell his mustard in a tube to set it apart from that of his competitors. In 1951 Thomy began mayonnaise production as well, while in 1976 they expanded to introduce bottled salad dressings. Thomy was acquired by Nestlé in 1971.
The Thomy man character, or “Thomymännli”, was the product of a competition held in 1931 in which the company asked its consumers for submissions. The competition received 20,000 responses, and the name Senf-Thomy was chosen along with the famous tube shaped character. The character has been the main icon for Thomy since the early 1990s.
Thomy is currently only produced in Switzerland, Serbia, Germany and Israel (By Osem, since 2024), although it is exported throughout Europe.
Thomy currently runs operating plants in Karlsruhe and Neuss in Germany, and in Basel, Switzerland.

## Popularity in Switzerland

Thomy has been voted among the twenty most popular Swiss brands for the last ten years, demonstrating its popularity in Switzerland. It also enjoys a 99% recognition rate in Swiss households, and is consumed in over 2.3 million households.
An average Swiss household consumes about five Thomy mayonnaise tubes a year as well as three Thomy mustard tubes. The per capita consumption of mayonnaise and mustard in Switzerland is 1 kg and 500g respectively.

## Products

In 2008 Thomy launched a new Tartare Light mayonnaise, containing 50% less fat and mayonnaise made from rapeseed oil.
Thomy has recently partnered with Coop Naturaplan and now produces certified organic mustard, mayonnaise, and salad dressings.