OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry Cotton

Henry Cotton may refer to:
* Henry Egerton Cotton (1929–1993), first chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University and former Lord Lieutenant of Merseyside
* Sir Henry Cotton (civil servant) (1845–1915), British politician (also in India)
* Sir Henry Cotton (judge) (1821–1892), British judge (Lord Justice of Appeal), Privy Counsellor
* Henry Cotton (doctor) (1876–1933), American doctor
* Sir Henry Cotton (golfer) (1907–1987), English golfer
* Cotton Knaupp (Henry Antone Knaupp, 1889–1967), baseball player
* Henry Cotton (bishop) (c. 1545–1615), English bishop of Salisbury
* Harry Cotton (1882–1921), English footballer
* Henry Cotton (divine) (1789–1879), Anglo-Irish ecclesiastical historian
* Henry Cotton, British architect of the Sun and 13 Cantons public house, London
* Henry Cotton (cricketer) (1845–1907), New Zealand cricketer
# HMS Smiter

HMS Smiter may refer to:
* HMS Smiter (D55), launched in 1943, was a Ruler-class escort carrier, originally built as USS Vermillion (CVE-52); served in World War II and was returned to the U.S. Navy in 1946
* HMS Smiter (L3514), a tank landing ship launched in 1944; renamed Smiter from LST 3514 in 1947; sold in 1949 and wrecked soon after
* HMS Smiter (P272), a P2000-class patrol vessel commissioned in February 1986; currently active
# Vehicle-activated sign

Vehicle activated sign (VAS) is a generic term for a type of road traffic sign which displays a message conditional upon the presence, or speed, of a road vehicle. The devices are deployed on roadsides like regular traffic signs in various countries. They are intended to help drivers by alerting them and drawing attention to danger or other undesirable situation.

## Sign types
### Speed enforcing

These signs activate if an approaching vehicle is detected to be exceeding a preset speed threshold. The speed limit and/or a warning message will illuminate on the sign to remind the driver/rider to slow down.
Another variation of VAS displays the speed of any passing vehicle. If the vehicle is moving faster than the speed limit the number will flash, or be displayed in an alternate colour. Other signs also flash alternately between a number indicating the speed and an emoticon. A Smiley face is displayed if the vehicle is moving below the speed limit, while a sad face is displayed when the limit is being exceeded. This kind of VAS is widely deployed in the Netherlands and Belgium.

### Hazard warning

These signs are installed on the approaches to hazards such as bends and junctions. If triggered they may display a warning message and/or an image of the appropriate road sign (sharp bend, junction, overheight warning, etc.).
Sydney, Australia has implemented a unique low-clearance hazard warning using a curtain of water directly in the path of the vehicle. "When a truck gets too close ... a curtain of water starts flowing and a stop sign is projected onto it. The result is a warning that's so in-your-face that not only do the trucks stop, but so do all of the cars around it."

### Sign design

Vehicle activated signs used on the public highways are normally designed to mirror the standard road traffic signs and in the UK to the TSR&GD standards, these signs should also be designed to EN12966:2014 to ensure the signs are fit for use on the public highways.

## Sign effectiveness

In a 2002 study conducted by TRL for the UK Department for Transport one of the conclusions was that vehicle activated signs appear to be very effective in reducing speeds; in particular, they are capable of reducing the number of drivers who exceed the speed limit and who contribute disproportionately to the accident risk, without the need for enforcement such as speed cameras.
# Matsuki

Matsuki (written: 松木 or 松来) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kenjiro Matsuki (松木 謙治郎, 1909–1986), Japanese baseball player and manager
* Kenko Matsuki (松木 謙公, born 1959), Japanese politician
* Miyu Matsuki (松来 未祐, 1977-2015), Japanese voice actress
* Samizu Matsuki (born 1936), Japanese artist and educator
* Tatsuyu Matsuki (松木 達裕, 1961–2015), original name Zhao Dayu, China-born Japanese footballer and manager
* Yasutaro Matsuki (松木 安太郎, born 1957), Japanese footballer and manager
Matsuki (written: 松記) is also a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
# Jajarkot Palace

Jajarkot Palace is a historic place located in Jajarkot District, Karnali Province, Nepal.
The palace was built by the King of Jajarkot Hari Shah in 1825 (Bikram Sambat). The palace was originally seven storeys and was reduced to four storeys due to the 1934 Nepal–India earthquake. The April 2015 Nepal earthquake further damaged the building.
# Parks Covered Bridge

Parks Covered Bridge may refer to:
* Parks Covered Bridge (Chalfunts, Ohio), listed on the National Register
* Parks Covered Bridge (Trimble, Tennessee), formerly listed on the National Register, one of Tennessee's historic bridges
# Rea Carey

Rea Carey (born December 22, 1966) is an American lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights activist and served as the executive director of the National LGBTQ Task Force (previously the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force) from 2008 to 2021. She previously served as the organization's deputy executive director and was the founding executive director of the National Youth Advocacy Coalition.

## Personal

Carey grew up in Denver, Colorado, and came out at the age of 16, near the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States, which prompted her early activism.
Carey graduated from Smith College in the 1980s and holds a Master of Public Administration degree from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
She lives in Washington, DC, with her wife, Margaret Conway, and daughter.

## Career

Carey began her career working extensively in HIV/AIDS prevention and in the LGBT community as one of the co-founders of Gay Men and Lesbians Opposing Violence and the founding executive director of the National Youth Advocacy Coalition. She also served as an advisor to major donors and foundations, and has served on the advisory boards for such wide-ranging publications as Teen People magazine and the Georgetown University Journal of Gender and the Law.
In 1999, The Advocate named Carey one of its "Best and Brightest" for individual contributions to the LGBT rights movement.
Carey joined the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force in 2004 as deputy executive director, has served as executive director from 2008 to 2021.
She was one of 105 women arrested in 2013 during an act of civil disobedience designed to pressure the United States House of Representatives to act on comprehensive immigration reform.
Carey serves on the advisory board of the LGBTQ Policy Journal of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.
# Robert Schlesinger

Robert Schlesinger is an American author, editor and liberal commentator emphasizing politics and political communications.

## Biography

A native of New York City, he is a graduate of Middlebury College, who lives in Alexandria, Virginia, with his wife and their two sons. He is the youngest son of the late historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. and the brother of Stephen Schlesinger and Christina Schlesinger. He is a descendant of the Irish revolutionaries Robert Emmet (for whom he is named) and Thomas Addis Emmet.

## Professional career

Schlesinger has worked at the Center for Public Integrity as a researcher, then at The Hill as a reporter and political editor, at Voter.com as chief congressional correspondent, and as a Washington, DC, reporter for The Boston Globe. He was most recently managing editor for opinion at U.S. News & World Report. After quitting U.S. News, he initiated Schlesinger Communications, a company which specializes in ghostwriting. His book, White House Ghosts: Presidents and Their Speechwriters, was published in 2008. His work has appeared in numerous publications, including NBC News' Think opinion section, The Washington Monthly, The Washington Post The Weekly Standard, People, Mother Jones, The American Conservative and The New Republic among other publications. He cohosted the Bipodisan podcast, along with Jean Card, a Republican former cabinet speechwriter, from 2019 to 2021.
# Alwyn Ruddock

Alwyn Ann Ruddock (13 April 1916 – 21 December 2005) was a noted British historian of the Age of Discovery, best known for her research on the English voyages of the 15th-century explorer John Cabot. Cabot and other navigators of the time were trying to find lands to the West, such as the mythical "Isle of Brasil" or the North American lands reached by Icelanders in previous centuries.

## Early Work

Ruddock's first published research was a two-volume work (with David Beers Quinn), The Port Books or Local Customs Accounts of Southampton (Vol. I in 1937, and Vol. II in 1938). During World War II, she taught in the history department of what was to become Southampton University. She also published in many of the top academic journals, including English Historical Review, Economic History Review, and History.
In 1946, Ruddock moved to Birkbeck College, University of London, where she published Italian Merchants and Shipping in Southampton, 1270-1500 in 1951. She was appointed to the position of reader in history in 1952, and subsequently elected as a fellow both of the Society of Antiquaries of London and of the Royal Historical Society.

## Later Work

In the 1950s and early 1960s, Ruddock's concerns shifted from the activities of Italian merchants in Southampton to a broader investigation of Italian mercantile networks and businesses in medieval Europe. She intended to produce a "big" book to be titled Italian Merchants and Shipping. Around 1965, she claimed to have made a discovery in the archives of a Venetian banking family: documents relating to John Cabot's early activities, including a loan that the family advanced to him c. 1496. For at least 25 years, she was promising to produce her Cabot book "soon". In 1992, she undertook a formal book contract with the University of Exeter Press.
She felt unable or unwilling to publish it; upon her death, she left instructions for her research papers to be destroyed. Her only published research in this field are a number of short articles that she wrote in the late 1960s to early 1970s.

## Current investigations

After her death, the Bristol University historian Evan T. Jones began to investigate Ruddock's unpublished research claims about the voyages of John Cabot, producing an article about them in the journal Historical Research in April 2007 (print edition, 2008). He wrote a second article about two documents found by the historian Margaret Condon, who had not published them in the 1980s, in part due to the understanding that Ruddock had a book in progress on the topic. Jones subsequently set up the Cabot Project along with a number of other historians in Britain, Italy, Canada, and Australia to carry out further investigations into the early voyages, and to search for the evidence for Ruddock's claims.
# Henry Wase Whitfield

Lieutenant General Henry Wase Whitfield (Chinese: 威非路) was the Lieutenant Governor of Hong Kong and Commander of British Troops in China, Hong Kong and the Straits Settlements.

## Military career

Whitfield was commissioned into the 2nd West India Regiment in 1828. He went on to be commanding officer of his regiment in 1843 and commanded it for 15 years.
He was promoted to major-general in 1868 and appointed Commander of British Troops in China, Hong Kong and the Straits Settlements in 1869.

## Memory

Whitfield Road (威非路道) in North Point and Whitfield Barracks in Tsim Sha Tsui, both in Hong Kong, were named after him.
# Walter Pérez

Walter Pérez may refer to:
* Walter Perez (actor) (born 1982), American film, television actor and musician
* Walter Pérez (athlete) (1924-2009), Uruguay Olympic sprinter
* Walter Pérez (cyclist) (born 1975), Argentine racing cyclist
* Walter Pérez (footballer) (born 1998), Argentine defender for Club Atlético Huracán
* Walter Perez (reporter), Puerto Rican-American weekend morning co-anchor, journalist and reporter for WPVI, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
# Venezuela women's national softball team

Venezuela women's national softball team is the national team for Venezuela. The team competed at the 1998 ISF Women's World Championship in Fujinomiya City, Japan where they finished eighth. The team competed at the 2002 ISF Women's World Championship in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan where they finished tenth. The team competed at the 2006 ISF Women's World Championship in Beijing, China where they finished seventh. The team competed at the 2010 ISF Women's World Championship in Caracas, Venezuela where they finished fifth.
# Matsukaze (disambiguation)

Matsukaze is a Japanese classical Noh drama.
Matsukaze may also refer to:
* Matsukaze, the legendary horse of Maeda Toshimasu
* Matsukaze, a Danzan-ryū jujitsu technique
* Japanese destroyer Matsukaze, two Japanese destroyers
* Masaya Matsukaze, Japanese actor and voice actor
* Matsukaze Tenma, a fictional character in the video game Inazuma Eleven GO
* Super Matsukaze, a Japanese rail service
# Oirata language

Oirata or Woirata (also known as Maaro) is a Timor–Alor–Pantar language spoken on the island of Kisar in Indonesia, and by some people in Ambon. Ethnologue reports an SIL figure of 1,200 speakers from 1987. It is closely related to Fataluku, of which it is sometimes considered to be a dialect.

## Phonology
### Vowels

Oirata has five vowels:
Oirata vowels :
| | Front | Back |
| Close | i | u |
| Close-mid | e | o |
| Open | a | |

### Consonants

Oirata has 13 consonants:
Oirata consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Glottal |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | | ʔ |
| Plosive | voiced | | d | | |
| Fricative | voiceless | f | | | h |
| Fricative | voiced | v | | | |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | j | |
| Trill | Trill | | r | | |
# Patrick Michael Hayes

Patrick "Pat" Michael Hayes (October 26, 1942 - May 2, 2011) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1985 to 1987, and again from 1990 to 1995.

## Background

Hayes was born in Maidstone Township, Ontario. He was the 13th child in a family of 18 children. He did not complete high school, instead he got a job at Ford Motors. Hayes reflected on his early life choices. He said, "When I was a teenager it was one of those cases where if you wanted a new pair of pants, or shoes, you had to go to work for them." By the time he was 25 he was plant health and safety representative for the Canadian Auto Workers. He lived in Essex County, Ontario where he and his wife Rose Claire raised five children.

## Provincial politics

Hayes was elected to the Ontario legislature in the 1985 provincial election, defeating Liberal candidate Jack Morris by about 1,300 votes in Essex North. He served as the NDP critic for Transportation and Communications, Tourism and Recreation, and Agriculture in the parliament that followed.
The Liberals won a landslide majority in the 1987 provincial election, and Hayes his seat lost to Liberal MPP Jim McGuigan, by 1,063 votes in the redistributed riding of Essex—Kent. He ran against McGuigan again in the 1990 election, this time defeating him by 5,890 votes amid a provincial victory for the NDP under Bob Rae. He served as Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Agriculture and Food from 1990 to 1993, and to the Minister of Municipal Affairs from 1993 to 1995.
In 1994, Hayes was one of twelve NDP members to vote against Bill 167, a bill extending financial benefits to same-sex partners. Premier Bob Rae allowed a free vote on the bill which allowed members of his party to vote with their conscience. By the 2003 campaign, he had changed his mind on this issue.
The NDP were defeated in the 1995 provincial election, and Hayes finished third, 2,293 votes behind the winning candidate, Liberal Pat Hoy. He sought a return to the legislature in the 2003 provincial election, but, although he was generally seen as a strong candidate, he lost to Liberal incumbent Bruce Crozier by about 8,000 votes in the riding of Essex.

## Municipal politics

Hayes was mayor of Lakeshore, Ontario from 1997 to 2003, and was generally regarded as a popular figure within that community. He managed the campaign of Taras Natyshak, a family friend and NDP candidate in Essex in the 2006 and 2008 federal elections.

## Later life

Hayes died in 2011 after a long battle with lung cancer. He is buried in St. Mary`s Roman Catholic Cemetery in Essex County, Ontario.
# Jakes

Jakes may refer to:
* Jakes (surname)
* Jakes (toilet), a type of toilet in a small structure separate from the main building which does not have a flush or sewer attached
* Jakes Mulholland (20th century), American soccer player
* The Police
* Engine compression brake systems on trucks, buses, and lorries ("semi trucks"). They are often called "Jake Brakes" or "Jakes" after Jacobs Manufacturing, the first company to produce them.
# Khangsar

Khangsar is a village development committee in Manang District in the Gandaki Zone of northern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 257 people in 58 individual households.
Khangsar village is located in north central Nepal 3756 meters above sea level. There are more than 300 inhabitants.
# La Mairena

La Mairena is a hill top residential resort on the Costa del Sol, just 5 km (3 mi) from the coastal ruralisation of Elviria, on the eastern outskirts of Marbella, Spain. At 400 m (1300 ft) above sea level, the village has views towards the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Mediterranean Sea, the Rock of Gibraltar and the African coast.
The village is located within the municipalities of Ojen and Marbella, in the Andalusian province of Málaga.
In 2012, a wildfire devastated much of the countryside surrounding La Mairena, There was one reported fatality, with damage mainly to gardens. Many cork oaks, which hadn’t had their protective bark harvested before the fire, have survived and are regaining their abundant canopy of small dark leaves.

## History and development

The village was the brain child of the Massoud family, and was developed by their real estate company, Sarena SA. Development company Sarena SA created and trademarked the name La Mairena, which gave the name to the village, with construction beginning in the late 1980s.
Many developments of apartment complexes and villas have since been completed, with only a few still under construction. There is an approximate 50/50 mix between individual villas and apartment complexes, with many green zones and forested areas in between.

## Amenities

The village is home to the Hofsaess Tennis Academy, which has coached grand slam winners including Steffi Graf and Sánchez Vicario. The academy’s tennis courts (four clay, five hardcourt, and two with floodlights), gym and cafe are available for use by members of the public.
Adjacent to the tennis academy is the Kudu Bar and Restaurant, which is open all year round.
The El Soto de Marbella development in the village has a 9 hole practice golf course, gym, bar and restaurant. Non-residents of El Soto are welcome in the bar and restaurant, which hosts live entertainment throughout the year.
There are a further five golf courses near La Mairena. La Cala Golf, on the road to Mijas has three courses, and the Santa Maria and Greenlife Golf Clubs are in Elviria.
Walking, and mountain biking are popular with a number of trails from the village leading into the Sierra de la Nieves National Park and along the nearby River Ojen.
The village is home to two international private schools: the German Hoffman College (often referred to as the Deutsche Schule Málaga) and the bilingual Colegio ECOS.

## Unesco Biosphere

La Mairena is on the eastern edge of the Sierra de la Nieves National Park, which is a Unesco biosphere. Reserve:unesco biosphere reserve .
# Alwyn Scott

Alwyn Scott is an American journalist. In 2010, he earned recognition as a Pulitzer Prize finalist for his outstanding editorial work on a series of articles investigating the shutdown and sale of Washington Mutual, the largest U.S. bank to fail, amidst the foreclosure crisis. Throughout his career, Scott has garnered numerous prestigious awards for both his writing and editing prowess, solidifying his reputation as a trailblazer in the realm of journalism.
Scott is managing editor of the Puget Sound Business Journal, a weekly newspaper based in Seattle, Washington. He was the business projects reporter for The Seattle Times, a news editor at The Wall Street Journal in Brussels, a news editor and bureau chief for Dow Jones Newswires in London and Bangkok and has written for numerous publications.
His work has focused on the economic and social effects of globalization and trade.
# HMS Snapper

Eight ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Snapper:
* HMS Snapper (1782) was a cutter purchased in 1782. She was probably on revenue service in 1790 and was sold in 1817.
* HMS Snapper (1804) was a 4-gun cutter launched in 1804 and captured in 1811 by the French lugger Rapace.
* HMS Snapper (1813) was a 12-gun gun-brig launched in 1813. She was used by the Coastguard from 1824 and was sold in 1865.
* HMS Snapper (1854) was a wood screw gunboat launched in 1854, used as a coal hulk from 1865 and sold in 1906.
* HMS Snapper (1895) was an A-class destroyer of the Salmon subgroup. She was launched in 1895 and sold in 1911.
* HMS Snapper was an iron screw gunboat launched in 1871 as HMS Mastiff. She was renamed Snapper in 1914 and was sold in 1931.
* HMS Snapper II was a trials gunboat launched in 1882 as Handy, then purchased in 1884. She was renamed HMS Excellent in 1891, HMS Calcutta in 1916 and HMS Snapper II in 1917. She was sold in 1922 becoming the civilian crane vessel Demon. She was laid up while being considered for preservation, but has now been dismantled.
* HMS Snapper (39S) was an S-class submarine launched in 1934 and sunk in 1941.
# Movimiento 2D

The Movimiento 2D (2D Movement, M2D or simply 2D) is a Venezuelan opposition movement led by El Nacional editor and proprietor Miguel Henrique Otero.

## History

2D, founded by Otero in late 2007 in the run-up to the 2007 Venezuelan constitutional referendum, includes a number of prominent Venezuelans besides Otero, including former foreign minister Simón Alberto Consalvi, who served under both Jaime Lusinchi and Carlos Andrés Pérez. The name of the movement refers to 2 December, being the date of the 2012 Venezuelan presidential election. In February 2010 M2D announced it would support the opposition electoral coalition Mesa de la Unidad Democrática in the September 2010 parliamentary election.
In a 2D press conference opposing the 2009 Venezuelan constitutional referendum, President Hugo Chávez was compared to Juan Vicente Gómez, the Venezuelan dictator of the 1920s and 1930s, and 2D's Pablo Medina said Venezuela would become a dictatorship if it was approved. The referendum to remove term limits from all public offices was approved.
In June 2010 2D criticised the government takeover of Banco Federal. In mid-August 2010, in the run-up to the parliamentary election, after El Nacional published in its frontpage publication an archival photo of bodies with gunshot wounds in a morgue, to illustrate a story about rising crime rates, the government banned the publications, sparking international outcry. Otero said that "The editorial reasoning behind the photo was to create a shock so that people could in some way react to a situation that the government has done absolutely nothing about."
# Matsukura

Matsukura may refer to:

## Places

* Matsukura Castle (disambiguation)
* Matsukura Dam, an earthfill dam in Akita Prefecture, Japan
* Matsukura Station, a railway station in Kamaishe, Iwate, Japan

## People

* Matsukura Katsuie (1598–1638), Japanese feudal lord
* Matsukura Shigemasa (1574–1630), Japanese feudal lord
* Naoto Matsukura (born 1993), Japanese radio-controlled car racer
* Shintaro Matsukura (born 1991), Japanese kickboxer