OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glenham, South Dakota

Glenham is a town in Walworth County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 112 at the 2020 census.
Glenham was laid out in 1900, and named for a glen near the town site.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.33 square miles (0.85 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 105 people, 55 households, and 30 families residing in the town. The population density was 318.2 inhabitants per square mile (122.9/km$^2$). There were 67 housing units at an average density of 203.0 per square mile (78.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 95.2% White, 1.9% Native American, 1.9% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.
There were 55 households, of which 10.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.5% were non-families. 43.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.91 and the average family size was 2.63.
The median age in the town was 53.8 years. 6.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.4% were from 25 to 44; 37.2% were from 45 to 64; and 29.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 52.4% male and 47.6% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 139 people, 56 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 425.5 inhabitants per square mile (164.3/km$^2$). There were 69 housing units at an average density of 211.2 per square mile (81.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 94.24% White, 0.72% Asian, and 5.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.44% of the population.
There were 56 households, out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.16.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 22.3% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 20.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,125, and the median income for a family was $32,321. Males had a median income of $25,313 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,348. There were 9.3% of families and 13.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including 18.2% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Moke (slang)

Moke is a term used in the British Isles as slang for "donkey". In Australia it refers to a nag or inferior horse, and is employed by residents of the Hawaiian Islands in similar fashion as the British to derogatorily describe segments of the local Polynesian population. In practice, the word "moke" is similar to "redneck", as it is only used to describe a certain personality type, instead of an entire ethnic group.

## In literature

Later portrayals include W. S. Merwin's The Folding Cliffs, and Paul Theroux's Hotel Honolulu.
Also of note is the reference in Captain Joshua Slocum's Voyage of the Liberdade, where the term refers to a native of the Bahamas.
The term appears in the song "Wot Cher! Knocked 'em in the Old Kent Road" (1891).
J. R. R. Tolkien uses the word in the poem "Perry the Winkle;" e.g., "then all the people went with a will, by pony, cart, or moke".
# Union Bank Farm Halt railway station

St Helens & Runcorn Gap Railway :
Legend :
This diagram: viewtalkedit :
Union Bank Farm Halt railway station was on the southern section of the St Helens and Runcorn Gap line of the London and North Western Railway.

## History

On 1 October 1911 the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) introduced a steam railmotor service between Widnes and St Helens, and at the same time, opened two new halts along the route: Ann Street Halt and Union Bank Farm Halt.
The halt was built in wood and could fairly be described as 'minimal'.
The halt closed on 18 June 1951, when passenger trains were withdrawn between Widnes and St Helens.

## Services

In 1922 six "Down" (northbound) trains a day called at Ann Street Halt, 'One class only' (i.e. 3rd Class) and 'Week Days Only' (i.e. not Sundays). The "Up" service was similar. The trains' destinations were St Helens to the north and Ditton Junction to the south, with some travelling beyond to Runcorn or Liverpool Lime Street.
In 1951 the service was sparser. Four trains called in each direction, Monday to Friday. On Saturdays three trains called in each direction, all were 3rd Class only. No trains called on Sundays.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Clock Face Line and station closed | London and North Western Railway St Helens and Runcorn Gap Railway | Farnworth & Bold Line and station closed |
# United We Can (disambiguation)

United We Can may refer to:
* Unidas Podemos, Spanish political party
* United We Can, Costa Rican political party
# Gmina Sulmierzyce

Gmina Sulmierzyce is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Sulmierzyce, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) east of Pajęczno and 70 km (43 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
The gmina covers an area of 82.72 square kilometres (31.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757.

## Villages

Gmina Sulmierzyce contains the villages and settlements of Anielów, Bieliki, Bogumiłowice, Chorzenice, Dąbrowa, Dąbrówka, Dworszowice Pakoszowe, Eligiów, Filipowizna, Kąty, Kodrań, Ksawerów, Kuźnica, Łęczyska, Marcinów, Markowizna, Nowa Wieś, Ostrołęka, Patyków, Piekary, Stanisławów, Sulmierzyce, Sulmierzyce-Kolonia, Trzciniec, Wiśniów, Wola Wydrzyna and Złotniki.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Sulmierzyce is bordered by the gminas of Kleszczów, Lgota Wielka, Pajęczno, Rząśnia, Strzelce Wielkie and Szczerców.
# Messenger Monsey

Messenger Monsey (October 1694 – 26 December 1788) was an English physician and humorist. He became physician to the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, a home for injured and elderly soldiers. Known for his eccentricity and ill manners, he is described in the diaries of Fanny Burney as "Dr. Monso, a strange gross man".

## Early life

Monsey, son of Robert Monsey, a non-juror cleric, and Mary (daughter of Roger Clopton, rector of Downham), was born at Hackford with Whitwell, Norfolk, and educated at home, then at Woodbridge School and Pembroke College, Cambridge (BA, 1714), before studying medicine under Sir Benjamin Wrench MD of Norwich (died 1747). Monsey was admitted to the Royal College of Physicians in 1723. He then practised in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, where he never earned more than £300 a year, but married well.

## Move to London

Monsey was lucky enough to be called to treat Francis Godolphin, 2nd Earl of Godolphin, who was taken ill with apoplexy on the way to Newmarket. Godolphin – taken with Monsey's skill, raucous sense of humour and insolent familiarity – persuaded him to move to London, where he introduced him to patients such as the Prime Minister, Sir Robert Walpole, Lord Chesterfield and other prominent Whigs. Monsey also built up literary connections. For many years he paid court to the bluestocking Elizabeth Montagu, writing rhymed letters to her in the style of Swift. His friendship with David Garrick was broken after a quarrel. Dr Johnson disapproved of his coarse wit.
According to William Munk, "Monsey maintained his original plainness of manners, and with an unreserved sincerity sometimes spoke truth in a manner that gave offence; and as old age approached, he acquired an asperity of behaviour and a neglect of decorum.... As a physician he adhered to the tenets of the Boerhaavian school, and despised modern improvements in theory and practice." Monsey was a free-thinker in religious matters, or as Munk put it, "he shook off the manacles of superstition [and] he fell into the comfortless bigotry of scepticism." One man whom Monsey admired was the Dutch-born physician, philosopher and satirist Bernard Mandeville. Monsey's copy of Mandeville's The Fable of the Bees survives in the library of Sir John Soane's Museum, London, to which he presented it in 1781.

## Legacy

Anecdotes about Monsey's eccentricities and unseemly language were collected after his death. He held his appointment to Chelsea Hospital, also obtained through Godolphin, until his death there on 26 December 1788 aged 94, after which he was dissected in a post mortem examination before students of Guy's Hospital, as he had requested. An extensive medical and personal correspondence between Monsey and the noted Norwich physician and philanthropist Benjamin Gooch survives in the British Library. On his death Monsey left £16,000 to his only daughter Charlotte, who had married William Alexander, brother to James Alexander, 1st Earl of Caledon.
# Upsilon Scorpii

Upsilon Scorpii (υ Scorpii, abbreviated Upsilon Sco, υ Sco), formally named Lesath /ˈliːsæθ/, is a star located in the "stinger" of the southern zodiac constellation of Scorpius, the scorpion. Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 580 light-years from the Sun. In the night sky it lies near the 1.6 magnitude star Lambda Scorpii, and the two form an optical pair that is sometimes called the "Cat's Eyes".

## Nomenclature

υ Scorpii (Latinised to Upsilon Scorpii) is the star's Bayer designation.
It bore the traditional name Lesath (alternatively spelled Leschath, Lesuth), from the Arabic las'a "pass (or bite) of a poisonous animal"; but this is a miscorrection by Scaliger (a European astronomer who knew Arabic) for earlier "Alascha", which came from Arabic al laţkha "the foggy patch", referring to the nearby open cluster M7. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Lesath for this star on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.
Together with Lambda Scorpii (Shaula), Lesath is listed in the Babylonian compendium MUL.APIN as $^d$Sharur$_4$ u $^d$Shargaz, meaning "Sharur and Shargaz". In Coptic, they were called Minamref The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria named it as Karik Karik (together with Lambda Scorpii), "the Falcons"
In Chinese, 尾宿 (Wěi Xiù), meaning Tail, refers to an asterism consisting of Upsilon, Mu$^1$, Epsilon, Zeta$^1$, Zeta$^2$, Eta, Theta, Iota$^1$, Iota$^2$, Kappa, and Lambda Scorpii. Consequently, the Chinese name for Upsilon Scorpii itself is 尾宿九 (Wěi Xiù jiǔ), "the Ninth Star of Tail".

### Namesake

USS Lesuth (AK-125) was a United States Navy Crater class cargo ship named after the star.

## Properties

This star has apparent magnitude +2.7 and belongs to spectral class B2 IV, with the luminosity class of 'IV' indicating it is a subgiant star. The star's luminosity is 12,300 times that of the Sun, while its surface temperature is 22,831 kelvins. The star has a radius of 6.1 times solar and 11 times the mass of the Sun.
# Festival of Literary Diversity

The Festival of Literary Diversity is an annual literary festival, which takes place in Brampton, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 2016 by Jael Richardson, the festival serves to promote and publicize literature by writers from underrepresented groups, such as Black Canadians, indigenous Canadians, Asian Canadians, disabled and LGBTQ writers, who are frequently overlooked by mainstream literary festivals.
In addition to the main annual festival, FOLD also sponsors an ongoing reading series, Writers at the Rose, at the city's Rose Theatre.

## 2016

The inaugural festival in 2016 was headlined by Lawrence Hill, with other participants including Ian Kamau, Chase Joynt, Waubgeshig Rice, Farzana Doctor, Helen Humphreys, Heather O'Neill, Vivek Shraya, Zarqa Nawaz, Ayelet Tsabari, Cherie Dimaline, Brian Francis, Samuel Archibald, Zoe Whittall, Carrianne Leung, Dwayne Morgan and Patti LaBoucane-Benson.

## 2017

The keynote speaker in 2017 was Eden Robinson. Other participants included Kamal Al-Solaylee, Gary Barwin, M-E Girard, Denham Jolly, Scaachi Koul, Jen Sookfong Lee, Monia Mazigh, Saleema Nawaz, Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha, Kai Cheng Thom and Katherena Vermette.

## 2018

Participants in 2018 included Amber Dawn, Sharon Bala, Lisa Charleyboy, Cherie Dimaline, Omar El Akkad, Rachel Giese, Catherine Hernandez, Jamil Jivani, Kyo Maclear, Rabindranath Maharaj, Lee Maracle, Robyn Maynard, Kayla Perrin, Tanya Talaga, Jillian Tamaki, Kim Thúy and Joshua Whitehead.

## 2019

The 2019 program included Sharon Bala, Ann Y. K. Choi, Esi Edugyan, Alicia Elliott, Joshua M. Ferguson, Cecil Foster, Catherine Hernandez, Uzma Jalaluddin, Larissa Lai, Téa Mutonji, Kathy Page, Waubgeshig Rice, Vivek Shraya, Tanya Talaga, Ian Williams and Winnie Yeung.

## 2020

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, the 2020 festival was staged online. Participants included Mona Awad, Edem Awumey, Billy-Ray Belcourt, Gwen Benaway, Ali Blythe, Wayne Grady, Samra Habib, Canisia Lubrin, Ryan McMahon, Rhonda Mullins, Casey Plett, Ahmad Danny Ramadan, Jesse Thistle, Kai Cheng Thom, Rinaldo Walcott, Jenny Heijun Wills and Lindsay Wong.
# Fanatisme

Fanatisme is a 1934 French historical drama film directed by Tony Lekain and Gaston Ravel and starring Pola Negri, Jean Yonnel and Lucien Rozenberg. The film's sets were designed by the art director Claude Bouxin.

## Cast

* Pola Negri as Rosine Savelli
* Jean Yonnel as Le prince de Valnéro
* Lucien Rozenberg as Napoleon III
* Andrée Lafayette as L'impératrice Eugénie
* Georges Flateau as Ardiotti
* Pierre Richard-Willm as Marcel Besnard
* Louisa de Mornand as La marquise de Contadès
* Lilian Greuze as La comtesse Walewska
* William Aguet as Le chambellan
* Pierre Juvenet as Le duc de Morny
* Gil Clary as La princesse Mathilde
* Christian Argentin as Piétri
# Spalding Falls (Teton County, Wyoming)

Spalding Falls is a cascade located in Garnet Canyon, Grand Teton National Park in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The cascade drops approximately 100 feet (30 m) and is highly intermittent, fed by runoff from snowmelt and the Middle Teton Glacier. The falls can be reached by way of the Garnet Canyon Trail and are approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) further by trail than Cleft Falls.
# Steven M. Sheffrin

Steven M. Sheffrin is an economist who focuses on property tax limitations in the United States. He is the Director Emeritus of Tulane University’s Murphy Institute and a professor of economics. Sheffrin is an expert in state taxation and served as a member on Louisiana's state Task Force on the Structural Changes in Budget and Tax Policy in 2016.

## Education

Sheffrin received his undergraduate degree from Wesleyan University (College of Social Studies; Magna Cum Laude with additional honors) in 1972 and his PhD in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

## Career

Sheffrin began his academic career at University of California, Davis in 1976 in the economics department. He served as the economics chair from 1983–1990 and in 1998 he became dean of the division of social sciences, a post he held until 2008. During his tenure at Davis, Sheffrin founded the Center for State and Local Taxation in 1991 in collaboration with the California Franchise Tax Board and the Board of Equalization, which offered a yearly program in state and local taxation.
While at UC Davis, Sheffrin held several other positions as well. From 1980–81 he served as a Financial Economist for the U.S. Department of Treasury and was on the Board of Directors of the National Tax Association from 1992–95. In addition, in 1993 Sheffrin was appointed to the Fiscal Task Force for the California Business Higher Education Forum where he was responsible for the property taxation component.

## Research and publications

Sheffrin’s research focuses on public finance, taxation and behavioral economics, exploring the practical, policy-oriented questions related to property taxation, state corporate taxation, tax fairness and compliance. "He is the author of ten books and monographs and over one hundred articles in the fields of macroeconomics, public finance, and international economics. His book Rational Expectations (2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 1996) is a highly regarded introduction to this important theory." He has written extensively on California Proposition 13 and was Director of the Proposition 13 Study Project for the Assembly Office of Research for the State of California from 1990 to 1991. Proposition 13 is the controversial property tax law enacted in 1978 that limited property taxes to no more than one percent of the assessed value of a property. As a result of his expertise, Sheffrin is often called upon to discuss the long-term implications of the law and the impact it has had on California's businesses and residents Sheffrin is also frequently interviewed on other local and national tax issues. He has co-authored two college textbooks with fellow economist Arthur O'Sullivan.
# Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie (1781 DAC ship)

Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was a Chinaman of the Danish Asiatic Company, built in 1781. She completed four expeditions to Canton.

## Construction and design

Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was constructed by master shipbuilder Christian Bruus at Asiatisk Plads. Her bilbrev was issued on 24 October 1781. She was the 22nd ship built at the company's shipyard and its second ship named after Princess Charlotte Amalie. The first one was East Indiaman Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie (nought 1738 or 1739).
Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was 153 ft long, with a beam of 40–9 ft and a draught of 18–2 ft.

## DAC career

M1781–1783
It is unclear who captained Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie' on her first expedition to Canton. The log book (26 October 1781 – 8 November 1783) was supposedly kept by Capt. G. G. Stage. Another source states that the ship was captained by one Capt. Petersen. She set sail from Copenhagen on 26 October 1781, bound for Canton. The ship lost 56 sailors on the way to Canton. Captain Petersen responded by hiring 47 Chinese sailors for the return voyage, which was technically forbidden. In order to support the families of the sailors, they received six months’ pay in advance.
Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie arrived back in Copenhagen on 8 November 1783. All the Chinese sailors survived the voyage. It was the first time that Chinese people were seen in the streets of Copenhagen. One or more of them sat for Jens Juel. 22 of them returned to Canton with Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie in April 1894. Another 23 returned with another ship a little later the same year. What happened to the last two is unclear.

### 1784–87

Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was captained by Mouritz With (1746-1810) on her second expedition to Canton. With's wife Marie Caroline Fenger—a daughter of the businessman Peter Fenger—had died just 19 years old in 1780.
With sailed from Copenhagen on 22 March 1784. 22 of the Chinese sailors returned to Canton with the ship. The ship arrived back in Copenhagen on 2 May 1787. The log book (kept by With) covers the period 22 March 1784 – 2 May 1787.
M1787–89 Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was again captain by With on her third expedition to Canton in 1787–89. The ship's prorpcpæ (16 November 1787 – 31 July 1789) was kept by master G. G. Stage.

### 1795–98

Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was again captained by With on her fourth expedition to Canton. He sailed from Copenhagen in December 1795, bound for Canton. The ship was demasted on the way to Canton. On the way back to Copenhagen, she was again badly damaged in hard weather.
Eith was in 1789 married to his late wife's sister Magdalene Fenger. There were the parents of politician J.P. With [da] (1715-1794).

## Fate

In 1801, Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie was sold to the navy. She was used as a blokskib [da] at Københavns Red during the Battle of Copenhagen.
A strongbox believed to have been used by Mouritz With on the Prinsesse Charlotte Amalie is in the collection of the Danish Maritime Museum in Gelsingør.
# Prins van Oranje

Prins van Oranje or Prinses van Oranje may refer to:
* Prince of Orange, a title given to the male heir apparent of the Dutch throne
* Princess of Orange, the title given to the female heir apparent of the throne
Prins van Oranje or De Prins van Oranje may also refer to:

## People

* Willem, Prins van Oranje (1815–40)
* Willem, Prins van Oranje (1840–49)
* Willem, Prins van Oranje (1849–79)
* Alexander, Prins van Oranje (1879–84)
* Willem-Alexander, Prins van Oranje (1980-2013)
* Catharina-Amalia, Prinses van Oranje (since 2013)

## Military

* Prins van Oranje-class minelayer, a class of two minelayers in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy from 1932–43
* Regiment Huzaren Prins van Oranje, an armoured regiment of the Royal Netherlands Army.

## Windmills

* De Prins Van Oranje, Bredevoort, a windmill in Gelderland
* De Prins Van Oranje, Buren, a windmill in Gelderland
# Julie Vinter Hansen

Julie Marie Vinter Hansen (20 July 1890 – 27 July 1960) was a Danish astronomer. She is the first woman to be obtain a scientific degree in astronomy in Denmark.

## Life
### Early life

Vinter Hansen was born in Copenhagen, Denmark.

### Education

While studying at the University of Copenhagen, she was appointed as acomputer at the University's observatory in 1915. She was the first woman to hold an appointment at the University. She was later appointed observatory assistant and, in 1922, observer.

## Career
### Editor of Nordic Astronomy Review

She was a very energetic worker, who, along with her normal work of observing and performing mathematical reductions of observations took on the task of editing the Nordisk Astronomisk Tidsskrift (Nordic Astronomy Review).

### International Astronomical Union

She later became Director of the International Astronomical Union's telegram bureau and Editor of its Circulars.

### Work as Astronomer at University of Copenhagen

By 1939, Vinter Hansen was the First Astronomer at the Observatory of the University of Copenhagen, widely known for her accurate computation of orbits of minor planets and comets.

### Tagea Brandt Rejselegat Award

In that 1939 she received the Tagea Brandt Rejselegat (travel award), given to women that have made big contributions on arts or science. With the award money (DKK 10.000 or 160,000 of actual US $) undertook a tour through the United States to Japan and back. On her return trip in 1940, the outbreak of World War II restricted her homeward journey.

### Work in University of California

She was awarded a Martin Kellogg Fellowship at the University of California which allowed her to work for a time in the United States. Also in 1940 she was awarded the Annie J. Cannon Award in Astronomy.

### Return to Denmark

Vinter Hansen was appointed Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1956 and continued her career at the University of Copenhagen until 1960.

## Death

Julie Vinter Hansen died in 1960, from a heart-failure just days before her retirement, in her beloved vacation destination, the Swiss mountain village of Mürren, and was buried in Copenhagen. The minor planet 1544 Vinterhansenia, discovered by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma in the 1940s, was named in her honour.

## Awards

* Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog (1956)
* Annie J. Cannon Award in Astronomy (1940)
* Martin Kellogg Fellowship
* Tagea Brandt Rejselegat Award.