OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William H. Bailey (artist)

William H. Bailey (November 17, 1930 – April 13, 2020) was an American artist and university professor. He was the Kingman Brewster Professor Emeritus of Art at Yale University. He is best known as a contemporary realist painter.

## Early life

Bailey was born in Council Bluffs, Iowa.
He studied from 1948 to 1951 at the School of Fine Arts at the University of Kansas.
His student days were interrupted from 1951 to 1953. Bailey was a sergeant in the United States Army from 1951 to 1953. He served in Japan and Korea.
After his army days were over, he earned a B.F.A. (1955) and an M.F.A. (1957) at Yale. He studied with Josef Albers.

## Career

Bailey's career as a working artist developed over time. He was best known as a figurative painter whose work is in major collections, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, and the National Museum of American Art in Washington, D.C.
He was a professor of art at Yale from 1969 to 1995. Bailey died in 2020, at the age of 89.

## Selected works

In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Bailey, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 40+ works in 60+ publications in 5 languages and 2,100 library holdings.
* William Bailey: studio fictions (1999)
* William Bailey: peintures et dessins (2001)
** William Bailey on paper (2006)
# Greenwood–Hercowitz–Huffman preferences

Greenwood–Hercowitz–Huffman preferences are a particular functional form of utility developed by Jeremy Greenwood, Zvi Hercowitz, and Gregory Huffman, in their 1988 paper Investment, Capacity Utilization, and the Real Business Cycle. It describes the macroeconomic impact of technological changes that affect the productivity of new capital goods. The paper also introduced the notions of investment-specific technological progress and capacity utilization into modern macroeconomics.
GHH preferences have Gorman form.
Often macroeconomic models assume that agents' utility is additively separable in consumption and labor. I.e., frequently the period utility function is something like
    $u(c,l)={\frac {c^{1-\gamma }}{1-\gamma }}-\psi {\frac {l^{1+\theta }}{1+\theta }}$
where $c$ is consumption and $l$ is labor (e.g., hours worked). Note that this is separable in that the utility (loss) from working does not directly affect the utility (gain or loss) from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is 0.
GHH preferences might instead have a form like:
    $u(c,l)={\frac {1}{1-\gamma }}\left(c-\psi {\frac {l^{1+\theta }}{1+\theta }}\right)^{1-\gamma }$
where now consumption and labor are not additively separable in the same way. For an agent with this utility function, the amount she/he works will actually affect the amount of utility she/he receives from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is unequal to 0.
More generally, the preferences are of the form
    $u(c,l)=U\left(c-G(l)\right),U'>0,U''<0,G'>0,G''>0.$
The first order condition of $u(c,l)$ with respect $l$ is given by
    $U'\left(c-G(l)\right)\left({\frac {dc}{dl}}-G'(l)\right)=0$
which implies
    ${\frac {dc}{dl}}=G'(l).$
As $dc/dl$ is typically just a wage $w$, this means the labor choice $l$ is a function of only the wage and has a closed form with $l=G'^{-1}(w)$. As a result, the preferences are exceptionally convenient to work with. Moreover, as the marginal rate of substitution is independent of consumption and only depends on the real wage, there is no wealth effect on the labor supply. Using preference without a wealth effect on the labor supply might help to explain the aggregate economic behavior following news shocks, and government spending shocks. Their use is also very common in open macro studies.

## Generalization: Jaimovich–Rebelo preferences

GHH preferences are not consistent with a balanced growth path. Jaimovich and Rebelo proposed a preference specification that allows scaling the short-run wealth effect on the labor supply. The two polar cases are the standard King–Plosser–Rebelo preferences and the GHH-preferences.
# Richmond Declaration

The Richmond Declaration, also known as the Richmond Declaration of Faith is a confession of faith of the Religious Society of Friends, being made by 95 Quakers (representatives of all Gurneyite Orthodox Friends Yearly Meetings) from around the world in September 1887, at a conference in Richmond, Indiana. It was a declaration of faith, and although Quakers do not subscribe to a creed, the Richmond Declaration of Faith has been used as a doctrinal standard by Orthodox Quakers (now represented by the Friends United Meeting), Holiness Quakers (represented by the Central Yearly Meeting of Friends) and Evangelical Quakers (represented by Evangelical Friends International), ever since.
The Declaration was "approved," "accepted," or "adopted" by the Orthodox Yearly Meetings of Indiana, Western, New England, New York, Baltimore, North Carolina, Iowa, and Canada. Among Orthodox Friends in North America, only Ohio and Philadelphia yearly meetings did not so act. The Friends United Meeting General Board reaffirmed the declaration as a statement of faith in February 2007. The Declaration appears in most Books of Discipline (Manuals of Faith and Practice) of Evangelical, Holiness and Friends United Meeting yearly meetings. In present-day Quakerdom, the vast majority are Evangelical Friends, thus making the Richmond Declaration of Faith representative of much of Quaker doctrine.
The Richmond Declaration of Faith includes "assertions about God, Christ, the Bible, resurrection and atonement, and other Christian basics", as well as "core Quaker beliefs about simplicity, oaths, peace, and sacraments."

## Criticism

Chuck Fager, a Liberal Quaker, claimed that the Richmond Declaration did not represent all branches of Friends and lamented that it had been used to expel ministers such as Joel Bean; in Fager's view, the confession does not represent what he sees as authentic Friends theology. Quaker author Bill Samuel rebutted Fager's claims, stating that the Richmond Declaration of Faith is consistent with early Quaker thought, inclusive of Robert Barclay's Apology for the True Christian Divinity; Samuel stated that Fager read "an awful lot between the lines" to make negative claims about the Richmond Declaration of Faith.
Though it was primarily written by a British Friend, Joseph Bevan Braithwaite, the London Yearly Meeting did not adopt the Richmond Declaration in 1888, after progressive younger members characterized by "theological and social drift" opposed its adoption in an extensive debate that "lasted for over five hours". Supported by many of the older, longstanding members in the London Yearly Meeting, Braithwaite saw the Richmond Declaration of Faith as being a bulwark against "unsound and dangerous doctrine" in times when Friends were "in a state of discipline and warfare".
# Jagara

Jagara may refer to:
* Jagara people, an ethnic group of Australia
* Jagara language, formerly spoken by them
* Jagara (ThunderCats), a fictional character
* Jagara, Assam, a village in India
# Protagoras (crater)

Protagoras is a lunar impact crater that is located on the Mare Frigoris in the northern part of the Moon. To the north-northwest is the slightly larger crater Archytas, and to the southeast is the prominent Aristoteles.
The rim of Protagoras is circular and rises above the surrounding flat terrain, although the rim dips down along the southwestern edge. The interior floor contains a few light markings but no formations of interest. There is an area of rough terrain just to the east of this crater, but the surroundings are otherwise level with only a few small craters in the vicinity.
The crater is named for the Greek sophist Protagoras of Abdera.
Protagoras is a crater of Lower (Early) Imbrian age.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint closest to Protagoras.
| Protagoras | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| B | 56.3° N | 5.7° E | 4 km |
| E | 49.5° N | 0.5° E | 6 km |
# Klimontów, Jędrzejów County

Klimontów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sędziszów, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Sędziszów, 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Jędrzejów, and 58 km (36 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Uzbekistan at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships

Uzbekistan is scheduled to compete at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships in Budapest, Hungary from 14 July to 30 July.

## Diving

Uzbekistan has entered 3 divers (two male and one female).
| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | Preliminaries | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Points | Rank | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Doston Botirov | Men's 3 m springboard | 49.50 | 56 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Yuliya Nushtaeva Botir Khasanov | Mixed 10 m synchronized platform | — | — | — | — | 196.20 | 16 |

## Swimming

Uzbek swimmers have achieved qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the A-standard entry time, and 1 at the B-standard):
| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Daniil Bukin | Men's 200 m backstroke | 2:03.49 | 36 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Artyom Kozlyuk | Men's 50 m butterfly | 24.20 | 34 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Artyom Kozlyuk | Men's 100 m butterfly | 52.95 | 31 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Aleksey Tarasenko | Men's 50 m freestyle | 23.37 | =62 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Khurshidjon Tursunov | Men's 100 m freestyle | 49.91 | 45 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Khurshidjon Tursunov | Men's 200 m freestyle | 1:51.13 | 50 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Daniil Bukin Artyom Kozlyuk Aleksey Tarasenko Khurshidjon Tursunov | Men's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay | 3:25.10 | 19 | — | — | did not advance | did not advance |

## Synchronized swimming

Uzbekistan's synchronized swimming team consisted of 10 athletes (10 female).

### Women

| Athlete | Event | Preliminaries | Preliminaries | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Anastasiya Ruzmetova Gulsanam Yuldasheva Yuliya Kim (R) | Duet technical routine | 76.2008 | 23 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Anna Eltisheva Khurshida Khakimova Yuliya Kim Anastasiya Morozova Anastasiya Ruzmetova Nigora Shomakhsudova Khonzodakhon Toshkhujaeva Mokhirakhon Tulkinova (R) Gulsanam Yuldasheva | Team technical routine | 74.8230 | 16 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Anna Eltisheva Khurshida Khakimova Yuliya Kim Anastasiya Morozova Anastasiya Ruzmetova Nigora Shomakhsudova Khonzodakhon Toshkhujaeva Mokhirakhon Tulkinova (R) Gulsanam Yuldasheva | Team free routine | 77.3333 | 17 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Anna Eltisheva Khurshida Khakimova Yuliya Kim Anastasiya Morozova Anastasiya Ruzmetova Nigora Shomakhsudova Khonzodakhon Toshkhujaeva Mokhirakhon Tulkinova Nozimakhon Tulkinova Gulsanam Yuldasheva | Free routine combination | 76.8333 | 14 | did not advance | did not advance |
Legend: (R) = Reserve Athlete
# Odessa metropolitan area

Odessa metropolitan area may refer to:
* The metropolitan area surrounding the city of Odesa, in Ukraine
* The Odessa metropolitan area, Texas, surrounding the city of Odessa, Texas, USA
# William James Arthurs

William James Arthurs (1888 – July 14, 1971) was a railway conductor and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Melville from 1944 to 1948 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) member.
He was born in Janetville, Ontario, and came to Balcarres, Saskatchewan, in 1905. ran unsuccessfully for the Melville seat in the Canadian House of Commons in 1949, losing to James Garfield Gardiner. Arthurs worked for the Canadian National Railway for 40 years, first as a brakeman and then as a conductor; he retired in 1953.
Arthurs moved to Vancouver after retiring from his railway job, where he lived the rest of his life before passing away shortly after in 1971.
# Jacqueline Carey (novelist, born 1954)

Jacqueline Carey (born 1954 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) is an American novelist and short story writer. Carey grew up in Connecticut and graduated from Swarthmore College in 1977. She lived in New York City for many years but published her first story in The New Yorker in 1986 after a move to Montana. In 2000, she wrote a mystery column for Salon.com. She now lives in New Jersey, with her husband, writer Ian Frazier.
Carey won a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1999 to write The Crossley Baby.

## Books

* Good Gossip (short stories, 1992)
* The Other Family (novel, 1996)
* Wedding Pictures (illustrated book, pictures by Kathy Osborn, 1997)
* The Crossley Baby (novel, 2002)
* It's A Crime (novel, 2008)
# Gregers Gram (1846–1929)

Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram (10 December 1846 – 1 August 1929) was a Norwegian jurist and politician, and international arbitrator. He was a Supreme Court Assessor, Norwegian prime minister in Stockholm from 1889 to 1891 and from 1893 to 1898 and County Governor from 1898 to 1915.

## Personal life

Gram was born in Moss as the son of district stipendiary magistrate Paul James Reinhold Harald Gram (1818–1900) and Jensine Sophie Wulfsberg (1810–1902). He was a grandson of Jens Jensen Gram and Gregers Winther Wulfsberg, and a first cousin of Jens Gram.
In August 1878 he married Antoinette Augusta Brodtkorb (1857–1938). He was the father of politician Harald Gram (1887–1961) and through him the grandfather of resistance fighter Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram (1917–1944). His daughter Ida Fredrikke married diplomatist Johan Wollebæk.

## Career

Gram took his examen artium in 1864, and the cand.jur. degree in 1869. He worked in France and in the Norwegian Ministry of Justice, but then left Norway for some years. He worked as a jurist in Egypt, in Ismailia from 1875 to 1882, and later in Alexandria. Back in Norway he was a Supreme Court Assessor from 1884.
Gram belonged to the Conservative Party. When the first cabinet Stang assumed office in 1889, Gram was appointed Norwegian Prime Minister in Stockholm by Prime Minister Emil Stang. He served this position until the resignation of Stang's government in 1891. He was again Prime Minister in Stockholm during Stang's government from 1893. By 1895 this government had become weak due to internal conflicts. Gram was the architect of a new cabinet with Francis Hagerup as Prime Minister. This lasted from 1895 to 1898, but was unseated following the 1898 general election. During his last two tenures as Prime Minister in Stockholm, Gram had taken a moderate stance towards the union between Sweden and Norway, which many wanted to abolish. When a referendum was held on the dissolution of the union in 1905, Gram is believed to have voted against it, though this view was outnumbered 368,392 to 184.
After ending his political career he was County Governor of Hedmark from 1898 to 1915. He had declined several offers of ambassador positions during his career. Gram also served as a member of the arbitration tribunal in several international conflicts. He was a member of the Institut de Droit International from 1904, a board member from 1906 to 1910 and an honorary member from 1925. For his arbitration work he received the Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1893. He died in August 1929 in Vestre Aker, and is buried at Vestre gravlund.
# Richmond Rifles

The Richmond Rifles were a professional ice hockey team of the Eastern Hockey League from 1979–1981, playing in Richmond, Virginia at the Richmond Coliseum. They played the final two seasons of the EHL. They were the affiliates of the New York Rangers for both seasons and the Winnipeg Jets for 1980-81.

## Season-by-season

| Season | Games | Won | Lost | Tied | Points | Winning Pct (%) | Goals for | Goals against | Standing |
| 1979–80 | 70 | 40 | 24 | 6 | 86 | 0.614 | 315 | 240 | 2nd |
| 1980–81 | 72 | 38 | 29 | 5 | 81 | 0.563 | 331 | 295 | 2nd |
# Jagare

Jagare (Serbian Cyrillic: Јагаре) is a village in the municipality of Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Jun Zhu (physicist)

Jun Zhu is a Chinese-American experimental condensed matter physicist known for her research in valleytronics and more generally on electronic transport in two-dimensional materials, particularly graphene. She is a professor of physics at Pennsylvania State University.

## Education and career

Zhu graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China in 1996, and completed her Ph.D. in 2003 at Columbia University, working there with Horst Ludwig Störmer. After postdoctoral research at Cornell University, she joined the Pennsylvania State University physics department as a faculty member in 2006.

## Recognition

In 2020 Zhu was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society, after a nomination from the APS Division of Condensed Matter Physics, "for fundamental advances in the understanding of charge-, valley- and spin-transport in 2D materials".
# Kleine Spree

The Kleine Spree is a river of Saxony, Germany. It is a left branch of the Spree, from which it splits near Großdubrau and which it joins near Spreewitz.
# Utricularia multifida

Utricularia multifida, commonly called pink petticoat or fairy aprons, is a terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the bladderwort genus, Utricularia, of family Lentibulariaceae. It is endemic to the south west corner of Western Australia. It was once placed in a separate genus as Polypompholyx multifida.
# Ol' School

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Ol' School is a live album by Ohio Players. It was recorded on 2 December 1995 at the Fox Theater, Atlanta, Georgia.

## Track listing

* "Skin Tight" – 6:16
* "Ol' School" – 3:53
* "Pain" – 1:39
* "Heaven Must Be Like This" – 4:29
* "Sweet Sticky Thing" – 6:03
* "Thank You" – 1:05
* "I Wanna Be Free" – 5:59
* "Love Rollercoaster" – 6:41
* "Fire" – 11:11
* "Megamix" – 4:07

## Personnel

* Eric Alexander – trombone
* Mike Barry – trumpet
* Leroy "Sugarfoot" Bonner – guitar, vocals, producer
* Darwin Dortch – bass guitar, vocals
* Laurence Etkin – trumpet
* Bob Funk – trombone
* Arno Hect – tenor saxophone
* Robert Lorenzo Jones – percussion
* Robert "Rumba" Jones – percussion
* Odeen Mays – keyboards, vocals
* Ron Nooks – keyboards, vocals
* Sam Skelton – saxophone
* James "Diamond" Williams – percussion, drums, vocals, producer
* Clarence Willis – rhythm guitar, vocals
* James Willis – percussion, drums, vocals
* Stutz Wimmer – saxophone

## Production

* Dennis Clark – Clothing/Wardrobe
* Rikki Garmon – Make-Up
* Marti Griffin – Photography
* Marty Griffin – Photography
* Jimmy Z. – Engineer
* Don Johnson – Executive Producer, Cover Design
* Jill McCarthy – Graphic Design
* Rodney Mills – Engineer, Mastering
* Joe Neil – Engineer
* Dany Nieves – Photography
* Rob Patterson – Executive Producer
* Allan Queen – Programming, Producer
* Angela Rogers – Artwork, Art Direction, Cover Art Concept, Cover Design
* Shawn Salter – Producer, Graphic Design
* Trammell Starks – Producer
* Claire Stigall – Text
* Philip White – Producer
* Kenneth Williams – Crew
# Jacqueline Casalegno

Jacqueline Casalegno (1 January 1926 – 23 January 2019) was a French businesswoman. She was the founder and CEO of the Cameroonian business Chanas Assurance.

## Biography

Casalegno was the daughter of one of the first insurers in Cameroon. She founded Chanas Assurance after privatizing many Cameroonian agencies. She relinquished total control of the company in 2013. The clients consisted of 37% private Cameroonians, 20% the Casalegno group, 20% the Société Nationale des Hydrocarbures, 18% the OGAR Group, and 5% other European partners.
Casalegno died on 23 January 2019 at the age of 93.
# Robert Cowper (composer)

Robert Cowper or Robert Cooper (c. 1465–1539/40) was an English composer. He studied music at the University of Cambridge and sang as a lay-clerk there in the Choir of King's College. He was later appointed master of the choristers of the household chapel of Lady Margaret Beaufort.
He composed both sacred and secular music, including masses, motets and madrigals. The Gyffard partbooks contain a four part setting of Hodie composed by Cowper with John Taverner and Thomas Tallis.
# Ridgedale, Hampshire County, West Virginia

Ridgedale is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located within a horseshoe bend in the South Branch Potomac River between the communities of Blues Beach and Wappocomo. Ridgedale is named for the recently restored 1835 plantation built by George W. Washington (a distant relative of George Washington), also known as Washington Bottom Farm. Washington's plantation obtained its name due to its location at the foot of Mill Creek Ridge at its northernmost extent. Ridgedale is located off the South Branch Valley Railroad and is accessible from West Virginia Route 28 by way of Washington Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 28/3). Ridgedale once had a post office and a school in operation there. Today, Ridgedale consists of the old Washington farm and a number of summer camps, cabins, and vacation homes on the South Branch.
# Pass the Bomb

Pass the Bomb is a word game invented by Jon Kitching, licensed by Weekend Games and published by Piatnik. It consists of a timer in the shape of a black bomb with a string fuse. Pressing a button starts a loud ticking and, after a random time interval, the sound of an explosion. Players must pass the bomb from hand to hand to avoid being blown up but, in order to do this, they must say a new word. This word must contain letters from a card which is turned to start the round. For example, if the letters are KE then the word might be keep or spike. Thirteen rounds are played and the player who has lost the fewest lives is the winner.
The original version contains a die which restricts the location of the letters within each word. The smaller travel version has an extra-loud bomb but no die.
# Pruteț

The Pruteț is a right tributary of the river Prut in Romania. It flows into the Prut in Bumbăta. Its length is 40 km (25 mi) and its basin size is 350 km$^2$ (140 sq mi).
# Knowledge (magazine)

Knowledge: An Illustrated Magazine of Science was a British popular science magazine published from 1881 to 1918. Founded by astronomer Richard A. Proctor, the magazine started as a weekly periodical, becoming monthly in 1885. The magazine was known for its extensive correspondence columns. Proctor himself, the first editor, was a significant contributor, and many of his discoveries or theoretical deductions first appeared in the magazine. Proctor was sometimes assisted in editorial duties by Edward Clodd. After Proctor's death in 1888, Arthur Cowper Ranyard took over editorship, then Harry Forbes Witherby after Ranyard's death.
# VCU School of Education

37°32′43″N 77°27′18″W﻿ / ﻿37.5452°N 77.4551°W﻿ / 37.5452; -77.4551
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Education is a school of education located in the United States city of Richmond. It is a core institution for Virginia's teachers.

## History

The School of Education was created in 1964 in part of the Richmond Professional Institute. By the decision of the state legislature, the school became a part of VCU in 1968. Roughly 3,800 students enrolled at VCU enroll in the School of Education.

## Departments

* Department of Counselor Education
* Department of Educational Leadership
* Department of Founders of Education
* Department of Health & Human Performance
* Department of Special Education & Disability Policy
* Department of Teaching and Learning
** Child Development Center