OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Skycraft Air Transport

Skycraft Air Transport Inc. was a Canadian airline based at Oshawa Municipal Airport in Oshawa, Ontario, that operated between 1979 and 1994.

## History

Skycraft Air Transport was created as a charter airline targeting the express air freight needs of the North American automotive industry. It was based in Oshawa, Ontario, where its biggest customer, General Motors Canada, operated two large car assembly plants. Its principal competitive advantages were its diverse fleet, with different aircraft that could economically carry different sized loads, and its ability to dispatch aircraft to virtually any North American destination within one hour of a customer request.
By the late 1980s the airline was operating a flying school and had diversified into the air ambulance, passenger charter and scheduled service markets. Its scheduled services included flights from Oshawa Municipal Airport to Ottawa; Montreal; Windsor, Ontario; and Detroit.
The airline was notable for changing the type of aircraft operated on its passenger services to match the number of passengers booked for each flight.
Skycraft's colour scheme consisted of having the lower part of the fuselage painted in white or silver, the middle part painted with the red title of 'Skycraft', and the tail painted in white or silver, with a large letter 'S' in red and the Canadian flag.
Skycraft filed for court protection in 1992. It subsequently obtained new financing and continued operations with a reduced fleet, but the new business plan was not successful. The airline finally shut down operations in February 1994.

## Fleet

Its fleet consisted of the following 32 aircraft:
* 1 Beechcraft Duchess (Model 76)
* 2 Beechcraft Model 18
* 5 Cessna 150
* 5 Cessna 172
* 1 Cessna 310
* 1 Cessna 402
* 1 Cessna Citation I (500)
* 5 Douglas DC-3
* 4 Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante
* 1 Piper PA-23 (PA-23-250 Aztec)
* 1 Piper PA-28 Cherokee
* 2 Piper PA-31 Navajo
* 2 Short 330
* 1 Waco F series (YMF)

## Accidents and incidents

* On 22 June 1983, a Douglas DC-3, C-GUBT crashed on approach to Toronto International Airport while on an international cargo flight from Cleveland Hopkins International Airport, Ohio. Both crew were killed.
* On 9 January 1984, a Douglas DC-3, C-GSCA crashed on take-off from St. Louis Lambert International Airport on an international cargo flight to Toronto Pearson International Airport, Canada. Both engines lost power shortly after take-off. It was discovered that the aircraft had been fuelled with JET-A instead of 100LL. One of the two crew members was killed.
* On 6 June 1985 Beech 18 C-FFLC on route from Oshawa to Cleveland. One crew member on board was killed when the aircraft was lost in Lake Erie. Weather was not a factor. Cause of accident unknown.
# Lil B.I.G. Pac

Lil B.I.G. Pac is the fourth mixtape by American rapper Kodak Black. It was released on June 11, 2016, by Dollaz N Dealz Entertainment and Sniper Gang. The mixtape features guest appearances from rappers Gucci Mane, Boosie Badazz and PnB Rock.

## Artwork

The cover art for Lil B.I.G. Pac features Kodak Black portrayed as a toddler, adapted from album cover of rapper The Notorious B.I.G.’s debut studio album Ready to Die, with a baby bottle said to contain Purple drank and a bandana tied around his head like American rapper Tupac.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 64/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The New York Times | 90/100 |
| Pitchfork | 7.2/10 |
| XXL | 7.2/10 |
| Exclaim! | 6/10 |
| The Wire | 60/100 |
| RapReviews | 40/100 |
Lil B.I.G. Pac received positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 64, based on 6 reviews.

## Charts

| Chart (2016) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 134 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 49 |
# Liberty Township, Lucas County, Iowa

Liberty Township is a township in Lucas County, Iowa, United States.

## History

Liberty Township was established in 1852.
# 3D video game

A 3D video game (three-dimensional video game) may refer to:
* a video game featuring 3D game graphics, which are computed in three directional dimensions
* a stereoscopic video game with a stereoscopic depth effect
# 36 Ursae Majoris

36 Ursae Majoris is a double star in the northern constellation of Ursa Major. With an apparent visual magnitude of 4.8, it can be seen with the naked eye in suitable dark skies. Based upon parallax measurements, this binary lies at a distance of 42 light-years (13 parsecs) from Earth.
The brighter star of the two is a solar analog—meaning it has physical properties that make it similar to the Sun. It has 10% more mass and a radius 17% larger than the Sun, with an estimated age of four billion years. The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of F8 V, which indicates this is a main sequence star that is generating energy at its core through the nuclear fusion of hydrogen. The energy is being radiated into space from its outer envelope at an effective temperature of 6,066 K. This gives the star the characteristic yellow-white hue of an F-type star.
The fainter of the two stars has an apparent magnitude 8.86 and shares a common proper motion witIts spectral type of K7Ve indicates it is a red dwarf. Its has a mass 60% of the Sun's, a temperature of 4,132 K and a bolometric luminosity only 10% of the Sun's.
36 Ursae Majoris has a second companion with a magnitude of 11.44 located at an angular separation of 240.6″ along a position angle of 292°, as of 2004. It does not share the proper motion of the other two stars and is a more massive and luminous star but much further away.

## Hunt for substellar objects

According to Nelson & Angel (1998), 36 Ursae Majoris could host one or two (or at least three) jovian planets (or even brown dwarfs) at wide separations from the host star, with orbital periods of 10–15, 25 and 50 years respectively. The authors have set upper limits of 1.1–2, 5.3 and 24 Jupiter masses for the putative planetary objects. Also Lippincott (1983) had previously noticed the possible presence of a massive unseen companion (with nearly 70 times the mass of Jupiter, just below the stellar regime, thus a brown dwarf). Putative parameters for the substellar object show an orbital period of 18 years and quite a high eccentricity (e=0.8). Even Campbell et al. 1988 inferred the existence of planetary objects or even brown dwarfs less massive than 14 Jupiter masses around 36 Ursae Majoris.
Nevertheless, no certain planetary companion has yet been detected or confirmed. The McDonald Observatory team has set limits to the presence of one or more planets with masses between 0.13 and 2.5 Jupiter masses and average separations spanning between 0.05 and 5.2 AU.
An infrared excess has been detected around this star, most likely indicating the presence of a circumstellar disk at a radius of 38.6 AU. The temperature of this dust is 50 K.
# 36 chandelles

36 chandelles is a French variety show which was broadcast from October 27, 1952 to July 26, 1958.

## Premise

Jean Nohain created the show made up of a variety of acts including musical performances, sketch comedy, magic, acrobatics, juggling, and ventriloquism for French television.

## Legacy

In a 1957 French film called C'est arrivé à 36 chandelles, it features the 36 chandelles as a main plot device in the movie.
# Sletten Township, Polk County, Minnesota

Sletten Township is a township in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Grand Forks-ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 140 at the 2000 census.
Sletten Township was named for Paul C. Sletten, a land agent.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.1 square miles (93.5 km$^2$), of which 36.0 square miles (93.2 km$^2$) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.3 km$^2$) (0.33%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 140 people, 58 households, and 44 families residing in the township. The population density was 3.9 people per square mile (1.5/km$^2$). There were 68 housing units at an average density of 1.9/sq mi (0.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.29% White and 0.71% Native American.
There were 58 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.1% were married couples living together, 3.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 33.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 125.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 115.7 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $35,313, and the median income for a family was $42,083. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $8,750 for females. The per capita income for the township was $29,178. There were 8.6% of families and 8.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# 44 Ophiuchi

44 Ophiuchi is a single star in the constellation Ophiuchus. It has the Bayer designation b Ophiuchi, while 44 Ophiuchi is the Flamsteed designation. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, white-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.16. The distance to this object is approximately 83.2 light years based on parallax. It is drifting closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of -37.2 km/s, and is predicted to come within 30 light-years around 585,000 years from now.
This is an Am star with a stellar classification of kA5hA9mF1III, indicating it has the luminosity class of a giant star with a spectrum that matches an A5 star based on the calcium K line, and an A9 star from the hydrogen and metal lines. It is around a billion years old with 1.77 times the mass of the Sun and 1.9 times the Sun's girth. The star is radiating 13 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,559 K. It retains a moderately high rotation rate, showing a projected rotational velocity of 78 km/s.
# Acanthobrama

Acanthobrama is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae found mostly in the Near East.

## Species

* Acanthobrama centisquama Heckel, 1843
* Acanthobrama hadiyahensis Coad, Alkahem & Behnke, 1983
* Acanthobrama lissneri Tortonese, 1952
* Acanthobrama marmid Heckel, 1843
* Acanthobrama microlepis (De Filippi, 1863)
* Acanthobrama orontis (Berg, 1949)
* Acanthobrama persidis (Coad, 1981)
* Acanthobrama telavivensis Goren, Fishelson & Trewavas, 1973
* Acanthobrama thisbeae Freyhof & Özulug, 2014
* Acanthobrama tricolor, Lortet, 1883
* Acanthobrama urmianus, (Günther, 1899)
# SS Empire Curlew (1945)

Empire Curlew was a 4,273 GRT ferry that was built in 1945 as LST Mk.3 HMS LST 3042 by Harland & Wolff, Govan, Scotland for the Royal Navy. In 1947, she was renamed HMS Hunter. During the Suez Crisis in 1956, she was transferred to the Ministry of Transport and renamed Empire Curlew. She served until 1962, when she was scrapped.

## Description

The ship was built in 1945 by Harland & Wolff, Govan. She was Yard Number 1298,
The ship was 347 feet 6 inches (105.92 m) long, with a beam of 55 feet 1 inch (16.79 m). She had a depth of 27 feet 1 inch (8.26 m), and a summer draught of 12 feet 2+1⁄2 inches (3.721 m). She was assessed at 4,273 GRT, 2,296 NRT.
The ship was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine. The engine was built by Lobnitz, Renfrew. It drove twin screw propellers and could propel the ship at 13 knots (24 km/h).
In Royal Navy service, the ship had a complement of 14 and capacity for 90 troops. Armament was 8 x 20mm AA guns.

## History

HMS LST 3042 was launched on 31 January 1945, and completed in November 1945. She was commissioned on 16 November 1945. In 1947, she was renamed HMS Hunter. Hunter was later laid up on the River Clyde.
In 1956, during the Suez Crisis, she was requisitioned by the Ministry of Transport and renamed Empire Curlew. She was converted by John Brown & Company at their Dalmuir yard. She was placed under the management of the Atlantic Steam Navigation Company. In 1962, management was transferred to the British-India Steam Navigation Co Ltd. In April 1962, Empire Curlew was advertised for sale as lying at Malta, along with Empire Baltic. She arrived 20 August 1962 at La Spezia, Italy for scrapping.
# USS Harrison

USS Harrison may refer to:
* USS Harrison (1761), was a schooner chartered for the Continental Navy in 1775 and decommissioned in 1776
* USS Harrison (DD-573), was a Fletcher-class destroyer launched in 1942 and transferred to Mexico in 1968
# Nareen Shammo

Nareen Shammo (born 1986 in Bashiqa, Iraq) is a Yazidi investigative journalist and a human rights defender.

## Life

She studied English literature at the Al-Hadba University of Mosul, has worked as a journalist and TV producer for 9 years, and currently campaigns for the rights of Yazidi women.

## Activism

In 2014 Nareen Shammo quit her TV job when she learnt that Islamic State was systematically kidnapping and enslaving women and girls in Iraq and became active in the liberation of captive Yazidi girls and women and in denouncing the genocide of Yazidis. She has worked with the Initiative for Ezidis around the world and the Yazda Center. She has been chosen in 2015 between 100 inspiring women in the world by BBC, and 2016 by Salt and Diageo's.
She was the first to speak out about the abuses against Yazidi women before the Kurdistan Region and call for their intervention.
In 2015, Nareen Shammo was awarded the Clara Zetkin Women's Prize (Clara-Zetkin-Frauenpreis) of the German Die Linke party, for her outstanding work.
# Alberto Carpinteri

Alberto Carpinteri (born 23 December 1952) is an Italian, now he is a chair professor of Shantou University, China.

## Biography

Alberto Carpinteri is professor in science of construction, Chair Professor at the Shantou University - College of Engineering and former professor at the Polytechnic University of Turin. Alberto Carpinteri was also director of the National Institute of Metrological Research (2011-2013), member of the New York Academy of Sciences and President of many scientific institutions as the International Congress on Fracture, ICF (2009-2013), the European Structural Integrity Society, ESIS (2002-2006), the International Association of Fracture Mechanics for Concrete and Concrete Structures, the IA-FraMCoS (2004-2007), the Italian Group for Fracture (1998-2005).
Carpinteri was also member of the executive committees of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, IUTAM (2004-2012) and the Society for Experimental Mechanichs, SEM (2012-2014). He was also Editor-in-Chief of the Italian magazine "Meccanica".
He is mainly known for his contribution in the study of piezonuclear fission, which is the purported theory that "compressing solids can provoke nucleus-splitting reactions without emitting gamma-rays or producing nuclear waste".
In 2013 INRiM was set in temporary receivership and Carpinteri dismissed after the resignation of two-thirds of the board of directors in objection of Carpinteri's support in the purported theory of piezonuclear fission.
Alberto Carpinteri conducted many lectures worldwide and published books and academic papers on the piezonuclear theory. On the same topic Carpinteri is also currently contributing to the "Clean Energy from Hydrogen-Metal Systems" project financed by the European Union under the Horizon 2020 plan.

## Prizes and honours

* Odone Belluzzi Prize for Science of Constructions, University of Bologna (1976)
* Medal Robert L'Hermite, RILEM (1982)
* NATO Senior Scholarship – Lehigh University, Pennsylvania (1982) – Northwestern University, Illinois (1985)
* Medal of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (1993)
* Honorary degree in physics, Constantinian University, Rhode Island (1994)
* Honoris Causa Professor, Nanjing University, China (1996)
* Honoris Causa Professor, Albert Schweitzer University of Ginevra, Switzerland (2000)
* Wessex Institute of Technology International Prize, Southampton, UK (2000)
* Griffith Medal for Fractural Mechanics, ESIS (2008)
* Giuliano Preparata Award, assigned by the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ISCMNS) for the studies on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions published in the book "Acoustic, Electromagnetic, Neutron Emissions from Fracture and Earthquakes" (2015)
# Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRM8 gene.

## Function

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternative splice variants of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.

## Ligands

* (S)-3,4-DCPG: agonist
* AZ12216052: positive allosteric modulator
# Fleet controlling

Fleet Controlling is a platform of telematic systems for wagon-vehicle and mobile equipment that allows service for back-office management in any company. Depending on supplier officers take advantages of:
* collect and send of operating data (on traffic location, activity log, specific performances at certain pins).
* logging data one unit information hidden inside vehicle or machinery (planned routes, assigned tasks, text messages, programming orders for unit itself).
* Receiving commands, information is sent out from the operations centre (alert messages, various reports and evaluations, planning and optimization – for routes and tasks, data operations).
* Integration to system, device is able to connect pin to GPS device.
Processing of certain type of information, data exchange and services provided by Fleet Controlling Equip, and solutions classify it as CEE L.B.S. (Location-based Service). L.B.S. application allows only location-specific retrieval of information by certain informational registered devices up.

## Platform contribution

Fleet Controller Equips are based on stored information about vehicle/machinery location, due to limited pin layout of prior fleet management platform. It is generally a general definition in Track specifications, pgs. 23:
* Text communication device, to data center and informations from|to vehicle|machinery
* Route, personnel and time slots management integration (CEE HoS – Hours of Service) in whole fleet.
* Data reading from CAN, FMS by Poly Carbonate Board pins.
* Upload system for alarm triggered and emergency-rated events (geofencing, fuel consumption leaps, delays).
* Third party system connect option (incl. sensors, devices, and gauges).
Telematic systems execute data transfer via GPRS or satellite, vehicle location is recognized by GPS.

## Development

First reference to Fleet Controlling platform is dated back to 2007 when it was officially mentioned in Munich`s Transport Logistic exhibition in Germany. Integrated Fleet Control management evolved from a previous generation of Fleet Management system in feature like: new generation of hardware, closer system integration (also with third party information systems integration).
# Mănăstire

Mănăstire or Mânăstire may refer to:
* Mănăstire, a village in Lupșa Commune, Alba County, Romania
* Mânăstire, a village in Birda Commune, Timiș County, Romania
# United States Naval Station White's Island, Bermuda

The United States Naval Station Whites Island was a United States Navy (USN) facility located on White's Island in Hamilton Harbour, in the British Colony of Bermuda, 640 miles off the coast of North Carolina.
It was established during the First World War (or the Great War, as it was originally known in Britain) by the US Navy for use by anti-submarine vessels transiting on their way from the United States to the European theatre of operations.
Bermuda had already housed the Admiralty House, dockyard, and naval base of the North America and West Indies Squadron since the American War of Independence had cost the Royal Navy all of its continental bases between Nova Scotia and the West Indies. During the Great War, the Royal Naval vessels based in Bermuda had been used to enforce Britain's control of the Atlantic, hunting down German commerce raiders and fighting the Battle of the Falkland Islands. Bermuda's location in the North Atlantic, the presence of the Royal Naval base, and the enclosing barrier reef that protected its anchorages from submarines, resulted in the colony becoming a major forming-up point for trans-Atlantic convoys (Bermuda would serve all these roles and more during the Second World War) used as a convoy staging point during both World War I and World War II.
When the US entered the war in 1917, it required a staging point for smaller anti-submarine vessels that were deploying to Europe to use during the voyage across the Atlantic. Most of the small islands in Hamilton Harbour and the Great Sound, including White's Island, were at that point property of the Royal navy or the British Army. Other than several of the islands, which had been used to isolate servicemen infected with Yellow Fever, and as a Prisoner of War(POW) camp for Boer prisoners during the Second Boer War, and Agar's Island, a secret British Army munitions depot, these islands had seen little development or use.
On 15 April 1918, US Naval Captain, W. G. Cutter, arrived in Bermuda on the SS Arethusa to assume command of the new US Naval Base 24. Together with a US Naval detachment, operation a supply station on Agar's Island, this station operated for the remainder of the war, serving one hundred and twenty-six transiting submarine hunters, which travelled in convoys of between one and two dozen vessels (one vessel sank in Two Rock Passage, the main channel into Hamilton Harbour. It was refloated, but sank again off Agar's Island).
The US bases were closed on 1 April 1919, following the cessation of hostilities.
# Seventh Avenue Line

Seventh Avenue Line may refer to any of the following transit lines in New York City:
* IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line, a New York City Subway line serving the 1, ​2, and ​3 trains
* Seventh Avenue Line (Brooklyn surface) (bus, formerly streetcar)
* Seventh Avenue Line (Manhattan surface) (bus, formerly streetcar)
# Shameen

Shameen may refer to:
* Shamian Island in Guangzhou, China
* Shameen a character in the Quest for Glory series of adventure games
* In Kurdish means Flower, it is a beautiful wild flower that grow in mountains .