OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Smiley Township, Pennington County, Minnesota

Smiley Township is a township in Pennington County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 528 at the 2000 census.
Smiley Township was named for William C. Smiley, a county official.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.2 square miles (93.8 km$^2$), of which 36.0 square miles (93.3 km$^2$) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.6 km$^2$) (0.61%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 528 people, 186 households, and 146 families residing in the township. The population density was 14.7 people per square mile (5.7/km$^2$). There were 202 housing units at an average density of 5.6/sq mi (2.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 95.45% White, 0.95% Native American, 1.52% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, and 1.89% from two or more races.
There were 186 households, out of which 40.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 15.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.12.
In the township the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 11.4% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 8.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 119.0 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $47,386, and the median income for a family was $50,250. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $25,313 for females. The per capita income for the township was $17,431. About 9.7% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.1% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
# Missakian

Missakian may refer to:
* Arpik Missakian (1926–2015), Armenian-French journalist
* Berge Missakian (1933–2017), Egyptian-Canadian artist
* Chavarche Missakian (1884–1957), Armenian-born French journalist
# Glaphyria rufescens

Glaphyria rufescens is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found from Costa Rica south to Panama.
# Raul Andino

Raul Andino is a virologist and professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of California, San Francisco. He is noted for leading a team of researchers that developed the first new oral polio vaccine in 50 years.

## Early life and education

Raul Andino was born in 1957 in Argentina. He completed his master's degree in Biology in 1980 and his Ph.D. in Chemistry in 1986, both at the University of Buenos Aires.
Andino emigrated to the United States in the 1980s. He then went on to work as a postdoctoral researcher first at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research from 1986 to 1991, then at Rockefeller University in the lab of David Baltimore from 1991 to 1992. He then joined the faculty of the University of California, San Francisco as an assistant professor. He was promoted to associate professor in 1999, then full professor in 2003.

## Research

Raul Andino's research has long focused on poliovirus. Together with Andrew Macadam, Andino redesigned the polio vaccine so it can stop the virus from re-evolving. His research has expanded to other enteroviruses and host defenses against other RNA viruses. His group has also had a long-standing interest in RNA interference as an antiviral defense, and in the dynamics of viral evolution during infection and transmission.

## Notable publications

* Vignuzzi M, Stone JK... Andino R (2006). Quasispecies diversity determines pathogenesis through cooperative interactions in a viral population. Nature. 439(7074): pgs. 344-348
* Gitlin L, Karelsky S, Andino R (2002). Short interfering RNA confers intracellular antiviral immunity in human cells. Nature. 418(6896): pgs. 430-434
* Crotty S, Camerson SE, Andino R (2001). RNA virus error catastrophe: direct molecular test using ribavirin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98(12): pgs. 6895-6900
* Gamarnik AV, Andino R (1998). Switch from translation to RNA replication in a positive-stranded RNA virus. Genes and Development. 12(15) pgs. 2293-2304
* Andino R, Rieckhof GE... Baltimore D (1993). Poliovirus RNA synthesis utilizes an RNP complex formed around the 5'-end of the viral RNA. EMBO Journal. 12(9): pgs. 3587-3598
# Torsten Stålhandske

Torsten Stålhandske (1 September 1593 – 21 April 1644) was a Swedish officer in the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. He was the son of Torsten Svensson (Stålhandske [sv]), a noble military officer of Swedish ancestry from West Gothland, and Carin Lydiksdotter Jägerhorn, of Finnish nobility from southern Finland. Torsten's father died in the Battle of Stångå when he was four years old, and his mother married a Scottish soldier, Major Robert Guthrie.
With the help of his father-in-law, Stålhandske started his military career as a squire to the Colonel Patrick Ruthwen, with whom he had a task of recruiting military in Scotland. He followed Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden to Prussia, as an Ensign in his Personal guard in 1626. In the same year he was promoted to the rank of major in the Regiment of Arvid Horn. In 1627 he joined the cavalry led by Åke Henriksson Tott.
In 1629 he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the Nyland and Tavastehus Cavalry regiment, leading Finnish horsemen, also known as Hakkapeliitat, for the first time into the Thirty Years' War. At the Battle of Breitenfeld (1631) they rode with the right wing personally led by King Gustavus Adolphus. In 1632 he was promoted to the rank of colonel. At the siege of Nuremberg he assaulted the "invincible warriors" of Austrian Colonel Cronberg and, thanks to his mighty and successful charges, largely determined the outcome of the Battle of Lützen, where Gustavus Adolphus was killed, but the battle nonetheless won. In June 1634, Stålhandske was wounded at the Battle of Hamelin. In 1635, a major-general, he joined the main army led by Banér. At the Battle of Wittstock he personally captured 35 flags and, at a critical juncture of the battle, forced the enemy to flee. Similarly, he distinguished himself at the Battle of Chemnitz as well as in Silesia, where he defended his positions during the whole year of 1640 against Count Mansfeld.
Finally, in April 1642, he joined his forces with Torstenson's Army and took part in the Second Battle of Breitenfeld (also known as the First Battle of Leipzig), where he was seriously wounded. In May he was appointed general in Chief of the Cavalry. In 1643 Stålhandske followed Torstenson in Bohemia. He married Kristina Horn in 1643. In 1644 he crushed a hostile army corps in the Jutland, but then fell ill and died in Haderslev on 21 April 1644.
Torsten Stålhandske's mausoleum can be seen in the Cathedral of Turku in Finland.

## Citations

* ↑ Syrjö, Veli-Matti. "Stålhandske, Torsten (1594 - 1644)". National Biography of Finland. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
* 1 2 3 4 Swedish Biographical Dictionary

## Sources

* Geijer, Erik Gustav. The History of the Swedes. London: Whittaker. (Date tot specified)
* Janzon, Kaj. "Torsten Stålhandske". Swedish Biographical Dictionary. Retrieved February 21, 2024. (In Swedish)
# Sawkins

Sawkins is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* James G. Sawkins (1806–1878), British artist, geologist, copper miner, and illustrator
* Raymond Harold Sawkins (1923–2006), British novelist
* Richard Sawkins (died 1680), British buccaneer
# Pru River

The Pra River is a river of Ghana. The Pra River rises in the Ashanti, roughly 33 miles (53 km) west of Mampong in the centre of the country, and runs to the northeast, with a length of 120 miles (190 km). Part of the area between the Pra and Anum rivers forms the Pra Anum Forest Reserve.
# Sofie Helene Wigert

Sofie Helene Wigert (née Olsen; 25 August 1913 – 9 September 1989) was a Norwegian ship owner, Riksmål activist and magazine editor.
She was daughter of ship owner Rudolf Fredrik Olsen. She was married to newspaper editor Henrik Jørgen Schibsted Huitfeldt from 1935, and to actor Knut Wigert from 1950 until her death. She was a co-founder of "Foreldreaksjonen mot samnorsk" in 1951, and established the periodical Frisprog in 1953, which she edited until 1981 (together with Margrete Aamot Øverland until her death in 1979). In 1956 she established the shipping company Olsen Daughter.
# Translation project (disambiguation)

A translation project is a project that deals with the activity of translating. It may also refer to:
* LOLCat Bible Translation Project, a wiki-based website aiming for a Bible in LOLspeak
* MediaWiki Translation Project, a coordination space for translating MediaWiki
* Wikipedia Translation Project, a coordination for translating Wikipedia
* WikiProject Translation, an interlingual collaboration space among Wikisources in various languages
# Souillé

Souillé (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.
# Glaphyria semiferrealis

Glaphyria semiferrealis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Socialist Solidarity Committee for Czechoslovakia

Socialist Solidarity Committee for Czechoslovakia (Socialistiska Solidaritetskommittén för Tjeckoslovakien), a group formed in Sweden in 1968 by socialists and communists protesting against the intervention of the Warsaw Pact countries against the 'Prague Spring'. The committee supported the January 1968 reform line of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
Chairman of the committee was Hjalmar Werner, secretary Nils Lalander and treasurer Hertta Fischer.

## Sources

* Socialistiska Solidaritetskommittén för Tjeckoslovakien, Charta 77 - Dokument om människorätt i Kafkas Prag, 1978 (ISBN 91-29-50585-2).
* This article about an organization based in Sweden is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Smolensky

Smolensky is a Russian adjective referring to the city or region of Smolensk. It is also used as a surname, originally meaning someone from, or connected to, the city or the region of Smolensk. It has the (transliterated) Russian forms Smolensky (masculine), Smolenskaya (feminine), or Smolenskoye (neuter). It may refer to:
* Smolensky (surname)
* Smolensky District, name of several districts in Russia
* Smolensky (rural locality) (Smolenskaya, Smolenskoye), name of several rural localities in Russia
* Smolensky Metro Bridge, a bridge in Moscow, Russia
* Smolensky Bridge, a bridge in Saint Petersburg, Russia
* Smolensk Oblast (Smolenskaya oblast), a federal subject of Russia
* Smolenskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line), a station on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line of the Moscow Metro
* Smolenskaya (Filyovskaya line), a station on the Filyovskaya line of the Moscow Metro
* Smolenskaya Mountain
# Villalbos

Villalbos Village :
| View | Villalbos |
| Province | Burgos |
| Autonomous community | Castilla y León |
| Postal code | 09258 |
| Coordinates - Latitude: - Longitude: | 42°46' N 3º19' W |
| Altitude | 860 m |
| Area | km$^2$ |
| Distances | 17 km to Belorado 39 km to Burgos |
| Population - Total (census of 2007) - Density | 25 inhabitants inhabitants/km$^2$ |
| Demonym | Villalbés |
| River | Oca |
| Mayor (2007- ) | Isabel Bonilla Calleja (Partido Popular) |
Villalbos is a small village in the north-east of Burgos Province, autonomous community of Castilla-Leon (Spain).

## Geography

Villalbos is located in the left border of Oca River that leads to Ebro river.
Wikimapia\Coordenadas: 42°26'40"N 3°19'47"W

## History

At the beginning of the 10th century a Castilian count, don Rodrigo Díaz, known as "Abolmondar Albo" in the mozarabic world, founded a settlement next to the Oca river. From those settlements came the actual towns of Villalmondar (Abolmondar) and Villalbos (Albos).

## Photo gallery

* La Flor str. (1986)
* Saint Thomas Square (2008)

## Church

The Catholic Church of Saint Thomas Apostle was built in the past but it still keeps the Bell's Tower, the main Latin cross plant and the cemetery.

## Demography

Demography evolution :
| 1842 | 1857 | 1860 | 1877 | 1887 | 1897 | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 2007 |
| 109 | 153 | 169 | 124 | 116 | 126 | 120 | 133 | 129 | 25 |
# Sodium cyanate

Sodium cyanate is the inorganic compound with the formula NaOCN. A white solid, it is the sodium salt of the cyanate anion.

## Structure

The anion is described by two resonance structures: N≡C−O$^−$ and $^−$N=C=O
The salt adopts a body centered rhombohedral crystal lattice structure (trigonal crystal system) at room temperature.

## Preparation

Sodium cyanate is prepared industrially by the reaction of urea with sodium carbonate at elevated temperature.
    2OC(NH$_2$)$_2$ + Na$_2$CO$_3$ → 2Na(NCO) + CO$_2$ + 2NH$_3$ + H$_2$O
Sodium allophanate is observed as an intermediate:
    H$_2$NC(O)NHCO$_2$Na → NaOCN + NH$_3$ + CO$_2$
It can also be prepared in the laboratory by oxidation of a cyanide in aqueous solution by a mild oxidizing agent such as lead oxide.

## Uses and reactions

The main use of sodium cyanate is for steel hardening.
Sodium cyanate is used to produce cyanic acid, often in situ:
    NaOCN + HCl → HOCN + NaCl
This approach is exploited for condensation with amines to give unsymmetrical ureas:
    HOCN + RNH$_2$ → RNHC(O)NH$_2$
Such urea derivatives have a range of biological activity.
# Suzanne Burden

Suzanne Burden (born 1958) is a British actress.
A graduate of RADA, she has appeared on television, and occasionally in films, since the early 1980s. She gained attention as Esther Summerson in Bleak House (1985). In 1989, she played Patricia Matthews in Poirot (episode "The Third Floor Flat"), and Joyce Blount in Campion (episode "Police at the Funeral"). Her leading roles have included You, Me and It (1993), A Mind to Murder (1995),The Vet (1995–96), the children's series Microsoap (1998–2000). She played Rebecca Plunkett in Midsomer Murders "A Talent for Life" (2003) and Sarah in Fear, Stress and Anger (2007). She appeared in the series again in "The Great and the Good" (2009) as Zukie Richardson.
Burden has also appeared on stage. At the Chichester Festival Theatre, in the 2006 season, she played Lydia Cruttwell in Terence Rattigan's In Praise of Love and the following year, she was Maria in Twelfth Night and Lady Macduff in Macbeth. At the Arcola Theatre, London, in 2009, she played Mrs Alving in Ibsen's Ghosts. Burden appeared in Black Mirror: Bandersnatch, released on Netflix on 28 December 2018.
Burden has also co-starred in several radio dramas for BBC, along with Bill Nighy, in Simon Brett's comedic murder mystery series Charles Paris. She plays his "semi-detached" wife, Frances.
# Sandy Lenz

Sandra J. "Sandy" Lenz-Jackson (born June 10, 1960, in Rockford, Illinois) is an American former figure skater. She won the bronze medal at the 1980 U.S. Figure Skating Championships and competed at that year's Winter Olympics. She was also the 1977 U.S. junior champion.
Lenz was not selected to compete at the 1980 World Championships, but she continued to compete and won the St. Ivel International in England in the fall of 1980. She then retired in 1981 due to injuries. She was coached by Evy and Mary Scotvold.
Lenz has worked as a skating coach. In August 2015, she won the silver medal at the inaugural World Figure Championships (losing the title on a tie-break).

## Results

International :
| Event | 1977–78 | 1979–80 | 1980–81 |
| Winter Olympics | | 9th | |
| Skate America | | 3rd | |
| NHK Trophy | | 3rd | |
| St. Ivel | | | 1st |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | 2nd | |
| National |||||
| U.S. Championships | | 3rd | |
# Metius flavipes

Metius flavipes is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Dejean in 1828.
# MV Island Gwawis

MV Island Gwawis is the sixth ferry in the Island class, owned and operated by BC Ferries. Built by Damen Shipyards in 2021, this vessel is part of the second phase of Island-class vessels. Island Gwawis was launched as Island 6 on April 22, 2021, left Galați, Romania, on October 13, 2021, and arrived at Point Hope Shipyard, Victoria, British Columbia on December 23, 2021. On January 11, 2022, Island 6 was christened and renamed Island Gwawis by BC Ferries Director of Fleet Operations and Strategy, and First People's Cultural Council Special Advisor Cathi Charles Wherry. "Gwawis" means "raven of the sea" in the Kwakwaka'wakw indigenous language.

## Naming controversy

The name Island Gwawis received backlash from Snuneymuxw First Nation. On the day after the name was released, Chief Mike Wyse issued a statement saying that he was "saddened and frustrated" that the ferry company "decided to choose a racist and discriminatory path riddled with colonial acts that is woefully inflammatory and offensive to building a relationship between" them and BC Ferries. The indigenous group believed that the vessel should have been named in the Snuneymuxw language, as the ferry would be sailing in their traditional waters. BC Ferries noted that vessels are no longer named by their service regions, and are standardized, likely to be moved around the fleet when needed.

## Service history

Island Gwawis entered service with her sister ship Island Kwigwis on April 12, 2022, replacing Quinsam on the Nanaimo-Gabriola Island route. The vessel overnights next to the Nanaimo Harbour ferry terminal.
# Negro National Baseball Association

The Negro National Baseball Association was a minor league organized in 1954. The league was one of the several Negro leagues and operated near the end of the era in which organized baseball was segregated and after the integration of Major League Baseball. The Negro National Baseball Association was an eight-team league, with the league franchises based in North Carolina and Virginia. Spencer Davis was the league president.

## History

The Negro National Baseball Association was founded in the spring of 1954, with the league schedule first announced on April 13, 1954. League games were scheduled on Sundays through July 4, 1954. Officials for the league were President Spencer Davis of Winston-Salem; Vice-president Lamar Gordon of Durham; Secretary James Austin of Greensboro and Treasurer Garfield Campbell of High High Point. The league member teams were the Charlotte Red Sox, Danville Stars, Durham Rams, Greensboro Red Wings, High Point Red Sox, Statesville, Whiteville Tigers and Winston-Salem Pond Giants. The Lexington Miners, Raleigh Tigers and Wilmington Clippers franchises submitted applications, but were not chosen for league play.
The league openers were scheduled on Sunday May 2, 1954, with four games: Winston-Salem at Durham; Greensboro at Whiteville; High Point at Danville and Charlotte at Statesville.
The league standings on June 12, 1954, showed the Greensboro Red Wings in first place with a record of 10–1. Greensboro was followed by Winston-Salem (8–3), Durham (6–6), Charlotte (4–6), Statesville (3–5), Whiteville (2–5), Danville (2–5) and High Point (2–6) in the standings on that date.
The final standings and statistics of eight–team are unknown.

## 1954 Negro National Baseball Association teams

| Team name | City represented | Year active |
| Charlotte Red Sox | Charlotte, North Carolina | 1954 |
| Danville Stars | Danville, Virginia | 1954 |
| Durham Rams | Durham, North Carolina | 1954 |
| Greensboro Red Wings | Greensboro, North Carolina | 1954 |
| High Point Red Sox | High Point, North Carolina | 1954 |
| Statesville | Statesville, North Carolina | 1954 |
| Whiteville Tigers | Whiteville, North Carolina | 1954 |
| Winston-Salem Pond Giants | Winston-Salem, North Carolina | 1954 |

## Standing & statistics

The final standings and statistics for the 1954 Negro Southeastern League are unknown.
# Sri Lankan long-tailed shrew

The Sri Lankan long-tailed shrew (Crocidura miya) is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Description

The head and body length of the Sri Lankan long-tailed shrew is 7–8.5 centimetres (2.8–3.3 in), and the tail is 9–10 cm (3.5–3.9 in) long. It is brown above with gray at the base of hairs and is colored slightly lighter below. The tail is brown and longer than the head and body combined.
# Glenroy T. Johnson

Glenroy T. Johnson is a West Indian former cricket umpire. At the international level, he only officiated in six ODI games, from 1989 to 2001.
# Scarthyla vigilans

Scarthyla vigilans (Maracaibo Basin treefrog) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in northern Colombia (Caribbean lowlands, Magdalena Valley, and eastern llanos), northern Venezuela (Maracaibo Basin, Falcón, Coastal Range, high Llanos and Orinoco Delta), and Trinidad. Although generic allocation of this species has been controversial, molecular data have now confirmed its close relationship with Scarthyla goinorum and placement in that genus. Indeed, adults are very similar to Scarthyla goinorum; however, the male advertisement call and tadpoles are clearly distinct.

## Description

Scarthyla vigilans are small frogs, with a maximum size of 21 mm (0.8 in) in snout–vent length. The body is elongate and slender. The head is as wide as the body and longer than it is wide. The snout is long and acuminate. The eyes are moderately large and protuberant. The tympanum is distinct although partly obscured by the diffuse supratympanic fold. The fingers and toes are slender and bear small round discs. The fingers lack webbing while the toes are webbed. Night-time coloration is lime green with indistinct stripes; the ventral parts are transparent. During the day, the coloration is more contrasting. Males have a single subgular vocal sac.
The male advertisement call resembles a cricket chirp (and can be mistaken as such) and has very low intensity.
The tadpoles have short, globular body and moderately long tail. The maximum total length is 32 mm (1.3 in).

## Habitat and conservation

Scarthyla vigilans occurs in open environments of lowlands, including flooded grasslands, degraded areas with low vegetation, and shallow standing water. Breeding takes place in standing water and swamps. Its maximum altitude is about 600 m (2,000 ft) above sea level, although most records are from lower elevations. It is a very common but nocturnal, small, and inconspicuous species. The call is relatively low and easily masked by other calling frogs. It is adaptable and not facing any known threats. It is present in some protected areas.