OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rudy Cipolla

Rudy Cipolla, born Rodolfo Cipolla, was an Italian American mandolinist and composer.
Born in the province of Cosenza in 1900, he emigrated to the United States at a very young age, settling in Portland, Oregon at age 8. Though his father played both guitar and mandolin, Rudy was self-taught on both mandolin and mandocello. He moved to San Francisco in 1931 and found work as a musician on local radio. From 1941 on, he owned a shop called the Book Nook in San Francisco, selling candy and comic books while composing music. He played a concert of Vivaldi with the San Francisco Symphony under Enrique Jordá in the 1950s. It was not until 1983 when he released his first album, The World of Rudy Cipolla, produced by his friend and fellow mandolinist David Grisman.
He has numerous compositions for mandolin, some of which are part of the soundtracks of the films Capone and Peggy Sue Got Married. Shortly after he died in 2000, Grisman and other associated musicians hosted a benefit concert for Cipolla's family at The Freight and Salvage. The city of Cosenza wanted to remember him as part of the Invasioni 2000 Festival with a concert performed by Beppe Gambetta, who knew him personally, and Carlo Aonzo.
# Ruby (Sirsy album)

Ruby is the third studio album by the Albany-based pop rock band Sirsy. It was released on May 18, 2004.

## Track listing

* "By July" - 3:41
* "Hostage" - 4:01
* "Fine" - 4:05
* "Pet" - 3:59
* "Lie To Me" - 4:10
* "Soul Sucker" - 3:43
* "Spark" - 3:37
* "Me And My Ego" - 3:16
* "Again" - 4:52
* "Blacker Than Blue" - 4:16
# Rugby Club Valpolicella

Rugby Club Valpolicella is an Italian professional rugby union team based in Valpolicella, which competes in the Serie A.
Valpolicella was founded in 1974 and have won 15 Italian national championships.

## Stadium

The team plays at the Campo Sportivo Comunale in Valpolicella.

## Former players

* Juan Francisco Ymaz
* Jerónimo Etcheverry
* Gastón Mieres
# 2000 Sta. Lucia Realtors season

The 2000 Sta. Lucia Realtors season was the eighth season of the franchise in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).

## Transactions

| Players Added Via Draft Paolo Mendoza Via Free Agency Angelo David (From the MBA; played for Sta.Lucia in 1997) Anastacio Mendoza (From Mobiline) Chris Tan (Undrafted) Rob Wainwright (From the MBA) Via Trade Benito Cheng (From Barangay Ginebra Kings) Marlou Aquino (From Barangay Ginebra Kings) | Players Lost Via Expansion Draft Ato Agustin (Taken by Red Bull) Via Trade Aramis Calpito (To Barangay Ginebra Kings) Jun Limpot (To Barangay Ginebra Kings) |

## Finals stint

Under new head coach Norman Black, who moved from Pop Cola to Sta.Lucia at the beginning of the season, the Realtors played in the PBA championship series for the first time in their eight-year history during the Commissioner's Cup, Sta.Lucia lost to defending champions San Miguel Beermen in five games.

## Eliminations (Won games)

| DATE | OPPONENT | SCORE | VENUE (Location) |
| February 23 | Pop Cola | 83-73 | Philsports Arena |
| February 27 | Red Bull | 89-90 OT * | Araneta Coliseum |
| March 5 | Shell | 80-75 | Araneta Coliseum |
| March 18 | Red Bull | * | Davao City |
| March 24 | Brgy.Ginebra | 67-54 | Philsports Arena |
| April 16 | Mobiline | 88-84 | Araneta Coliseum |
| June 25 | Shell | 94-83 | Araneta Coliseum |
| July 1 | Mobiline | 94-68 | Lipa City, Batangas |
| July 7 | Red Bull | 89-88 | Philsports Arena |
| July 22 | San Miguel | 75-69 | Ynares Center |
| July 26 | Sunkist | 75-70 | Philsports Arena |
| August 2 | Tanduay | 79-76 | Philsports Arena |
| October 4 | Mobiline | 80-77 | Philsports Arena |
| October 8 | Brgy.Ginebra | 99-93 | Araneta Coliseum |
| October 20 | Shell | 82-69 | Araneta Coliseum |
| November 19 | Pop Cola | 105-86 | Araneta Coliseum |
$_{(*)losswasreversedandchangetoawin}$
All-Filipino Cup  Commissioner's Cup  Governor's Cup
# Khady Diallo

Khady Diallo (born 1955) is an Ivory Coast Francophile and cultural engineer. She was associated with the first edition of "Le grand dictionnaire encyclopédique de la Côte d'Ivoire". She was the Ivorian cultural attache in Paris and she was appointed the General Secretary of the National Commission of the Francophonie in Côte d'Ivoire in 2014.

## Life

Diallo was born in the capital of the Ivory Coast, Abidjan in 1955. She graduated in 1973 and became qualified in audiovisual production at the Société française de production in 1977. In 1979 she produced "I Love TV" for transmission on the Ivory Coast. The main presenter was Roger Fulgence Kassy [fr].
In 1983 she oversaw with the creation of an encyclopaedic dictionary for the Ivory Coast which had been researched extensively by Raymond Borremans. This work was published in six volumes in 1986 after funding by New African Editions and the Ministry of Higher Education. The encyclopedia continued to further editions.
In 1996 she was involved in preparing the first programme to discuss AIDS on Ivorian television.
In 2010 she was responsible for "Fashion" at the World Festival of Black Arts in Dakar. She was the Ivorian cultural attache in Paris in 2007 and she was appointed the General Secretary of the National Commission of the Francophonie in Côte d'Ivoire in 2014.
Diallo is an officer in the Ivorian l`ordre Cultural Merit.
# Rudy's Barbershop

Rudy's Barbershop is a chain of barbershops founded in Seattle, Washington by Alex Calderwood, David Petersen and Wade Weigel in 1993, with locations primarily on the United States West Coast. Calderwood and Weigel would later go on to also co-found the Ace Hotel group in 1999. Rudy's Barbershops are known for their casual, retro-hip aesthetic and can be found at Ace Hotel locations in Seattle and New York City.

## History

Alex Calderwood, was inspired by his occasional visits to Sig's, a neighborhood barbershop. He was seeking to combine the traditional neighborhood barbershop experience with trendier hairstyles that would appeal to a younger clientele. Calderwood, along with partners Weigel and Petersen, opened the first Rudy's location in Seattle's Capitol Hill neighborhood in 1993.
The name Rudy's was inspired by the character of the same name from the television program Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids.
By 2003, the Rudy's Barbershop chain had expanded to eight properties - four additional Seattle locations, plus two shops in Los Angeles and two in Portland, Oregon. By 2018, there were twenty-seven Rudy's Barbershop locations throughout the United States.
Rudy's was purchased by Sortis Holdings in 2020.
# 2000 in Greece

Events in the year 2000 in Greece.

## Incumbents

| Post | Name |
| President of the Hellenic Republic | Konstantinos Stephanopoulos |
| Prime Minister of Greece | Costas Simitis |
| Speaker of the Hellenic Parliament | Apostolos Kaklamanis |
| Adjutant to the President of the Hellenic Republic | Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Konstantinos Prionas |
| Adjutant to the President of the Hellenic Republic | Navy Vice-Captain Demetrios Tsailas |
| Adjutant to the President of the Hellenic Republic | Army Lieutenant Colonel Ioannis Baltzois (until 2000) |
| Adjutant to the President of the Hellenic Republic | Army Lieutenant General Alkiviadis Stefanis (starting 2000) |

## Events

* 8 February
** The 2000 presidential election is held. The Hellenic Parliament re-elects Konstantinos Stephanopoulos as President of the Hellenic Republic for a second term.
* 15 May – Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki becomes the President of the Athens Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, to became the first woman succeed Panagiotis Thomopoulos.
* 26 September - The MS Express Samina collided with the Portes Islets rocks in the Bay of Parikia off the coast of the Greek island of Paros, resulting in the death of 81 people.
* 1 October – At the Closing Ceremony, the Olympic Games are handover from Sydney to Athens and returned back to birthplace where the they will host the next Olympic Games in Athens 2004.
# Kevin Stewart (Scottish politician)

Kevin Morrice Stewart (born 3 June 1968) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician who served as Minister for Transport from 29 March 2023 to 6 June 2023. He is a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Aberdeen Central since 2011. He previously served as Minister for Mental Wellbeing and Social Care from 2021 to 2023 and as Minister for Local Government, Housing and Planning from 2016 to 2021.

## Political career

Stewart was a local councillor in Aberdeen between 1999 and 2011, serving as Depute Leader of Aberdeen City Council from 2007. As a councillor, he chaired the Finance and Resources Committee and the North East of Scotland's Regional Transport Partnership, NESTRANS. He also served as the chair of the 3Rs Board.
In the 2011 Scottish Parliament election he was elected to represent Aberdeen Central.
Stewart was the convener of the Scottish Parliament's Local Government and Regeneration Committee, where he oversaw scrutiny of the Community Empowerment (Scotland) Act 2015. Stewart was also a member of the Welfare Reform Committee and also sat on the Justice Sub-committee on Policing. He was also involved in the Cross-Party Groups on Oil & Gas, Scots language, Nuclear Disarmament, Malawi and Tibet. He also acted as Parliamentary Liaison Officer to Nicola Sturgeon from November 2014 until the dissolution of parliament in March 2016.
Stewart has lodged a number of motions in parliament in support of Votes at 16.
He made a speech in favour of same-sex marriage on 20 November 2013 at the Scottish Parliament Stage 1 Debate on the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Bill, in which he spoke about his experience of coming out as gay.
Stewart stood again in 2016 and was re-elected with an increased majority. He was appointed as Minister for Local Government and Housing on 18 May 2016 when Sturgeon announced her government.
He was re-elected at the 2021 Scottish Parliament election. He became Transport minister in the Yousaf government In June 2023, he resigned as minister due to mental health problems.
# Rufoclanis fulgurans

Rufoclanis fulgurans is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from dry savanna and bush from Zimbabwe to Tanzania and eastern Kenya.
The length of the forewings is 22–32 mm for males and about 40 mm for females.
# Keratometer

A keratometer, also known as an ophthalmometer, is a diagnostic instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, particularly for assessing the extent and axis of astigmatism. It was invented by the German physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz in 1851, although an earlier model was developed in 1796 by Jesse Ramsden and Everard Home.
A keratometer uses the relationship between object size (O), image size (I), the distance between the reflective surface and the object (d), and the radius of the reflective surface (R). If three of these variables are known (or fixed), the fourth can be calculated using the formula
    $R=2d{\frac {I}{O}}$
There are two distinct variants of determining R; Javal-Schiotz type keratometers have a fixed image size and are typically 'two position', whereas Bausch and Lomb type keratometers have a fixed object size and are usually 'one position'.

## Javal-Schiotz Principles

The Javal-Schiotz keratometer is a two position instrument which uses a fixed image and doubling size and adjustable object size to determine the radius of curvature of the reflective surface. It uses two self illuminated mires (the object), one a red square, the other a green staircase design, which are held on a circumferential track in order to maintain a fixed distance from the eye. In order to get repeatable, accurate measurements, it is important that the instrument stays focused. It uses the Scheiner principle, common in autofocus devices, in which the converging reflected rays coming towards the eyepiece are viewed through (at least) two separate symmetrical apertures.

## Bausch and Lomb principles

The Bausch and Lomb Keratometer is a one position keratometer that gives readings in dioptric form. It differs from the Javal-Schiotz in that object size is fixed, image size is the manipulable variable. The reflected rays are passed through a Scheiner disc with 4 apertures – As there are two prisms, each aligned perpendicular to the other, the major and minor axis powers can be measured independently without adjusting the orientation of the instrument.
In converting the measurements obtained from the corneal surface into a dioptric value, the B&L keratometer uses the general lens formula (n’-n)/R and assumes an n’ of 1.3375 (compared to the actual corneal refractive index of n’=1.376). This is a fictional value, which includes an allowance for the small, yet significant, negative power of the posterior corneal surface. This allows for a readout in both refractive power (dioptres) and radius of curvature (millimeters).
# Freezing drizzle

Freezing drizzle is drizzle that freezes on contact with the ground or an object at or near the surface. Its METAR code is FZDZ.

## Formation

Although freezing drizzle and freezing rain are similar in that they both involve liquid precipitation above the surface in subfreezing temperatures and freeze on the surface, the mechanisms leading to their development are entirely different. Where freezing rain forms when frozen precipitation falls through a melting layer and turns liquid, freezing drizzle forms via the supercooled warm-rain process, in which cloud droplets coalesce until they become heavy enough to fall out of the cloud, but in subfreezing conditions. Despite this process taking place in a subfreezing environment, the liquid water will not freeze if the environmental temperature is above 18 °F (−8 °C), via supercooling. If ice crystals are already present in this environment, the liquid droplets will freeze onto these crystals and be effectively removed before they can grow large enough to fall out of the cloud. As a result, freezing drizzle develops in shallow low-level stratus-type clouds where air saturation occurs entirely below the layer in which ice crystals can develop and grow.

## Effects

When freezing drizzle accumulates on land, it creates an icy layer of glaze. Freezing drizzle alone does not generally result in significant ice accumulations due to its light, low-intensity nature unlike its rain counterpart. However, even thin layers of slick ice deposited on roads as black ice can be very slippery and cause extremely hazardous conditions resulting in vehicle crashes.
Freezing drizzle is extremely dangerous to aircraft in icing conditions, as the supercooled water droplets will freeze onto the airframe, degrading aircraft performance considerably. The loss and accident of American Eagle Flight 4184 on October 31, 1994, has been attributed to ice buildup due to freezing drizzle aloft.
# Puffin/Nation Prize for Creative Citizenship

The Puffin Prize for Creative Citizenship is an American award given jointly by Type Media Center (a nonprofit media organization previously associated with The Nation magazine) and the Puffin Foundation. The annual $100,000 award honors artists and others who have "challenged the status quo through distinctive, courageous, imaginative and socially responsible work of significance." The prize is intended to "encourage the recipients to continue their work, and to inspire others to challenge the prevailing orthodoxies they face in their careers." The inaugural award was in 2001.
The Puffin Prize for Creative Citizenship was renamed in 2017. It was formerly known as the Puffin/Nation Prize for Creative Citizenship.

## Winners

* 2001 Robert Parris Moses
* 2002 Dolores Huerta
* 2003 David Protess
* 2004 Barbara Ehrenreich
* 2005 Jonathan Kozol
* 2006 Amy Goodman
* 2007 Michael Ratner
* 2008 Van Jones
* 2009 Jim Hightower
* 2010 Bill McKibben
* 2010 Cecile Richards
* 2011 Tony Kushner
* 2012 Benjamin Todd Jealous
* 2013 Barry W. Lynn
* 2014 Frances Fox Piven
* 2015 William J. Barber II
* 2016 Bryan Stevenson
* 2017 Colin Kaepernick
* 2018 Parkland student activists
* 2019 The Sunrise Movement
* 2020 Desmond Meade
* 2021 The National Network for Abortion Funds
# The Little Players

The Little Players were a repertory puppet troupe that performed in New York City from 1952 to the early 1980s, producing ballets, operas, and plays. The company consisted of five puppet characters; a single puppeteer, Francis J. Peschka; and W. Gordon Murdock, who provided the costuming, lighting, and musical accompaniment. In 1966, The New Yorker critic Edmund Wilson declared Peschka "the greatest master of glove-puppetry whose work I have ever seen."

## History

Francis John Peschka (14 July 1921 – 26 February 1999) and Wilbur Gordon Murdock (14 October 1921 – 2 August 1996) both grew up in St. Louis, Missouri. They met in 1939 while attending the two-year theater school at Washington University in St. Louis and briefly performed together in a local theater company after graduating. Several years later, they met again while volunteering for the American National Theater and Academy in New York City and began living together. In 1952, they staged an impromptu puppet show of Macbeth for two friends in their Lower East Side apartment and continued to perform for small groups. "Our audience began growing by leaps and bounds," Peschka recalled, and by 1960 the pair were able to devote themselves to puppetry full-time.
During its heyday, The Little Players performed to invitation-only audiences of 26 in Peschka and Murdock's Central Park West living room. The troupe became popular among the city's cultural elite, and their devotees included Stella Adler, Leonard Bernstein, Bette Davis, John Gielgud, Edward Gorey, Ethel Merman, Jerome Robbins, and Susan Sontag. The poet James Merrill was particularly fond of The Little Players; he wrote a poem about them, subsidized the company through his Ingram Merrill Foundation, and once unfavorably compared Peter Brook's landmark 1971 Broadway production of A Midsummer Night's Dream to a shoestring performance by The Little Players. "My heart was with the puppets," wrote Merrill, explaining that they affected "a kind of superhuman transparence, a shallowness that left you shattered."
The company never advertised or sold tickets, subsisting on philanthropic grants and $40 "season subscriptions." During their close to 30-year run, The Little Players produced stagings of The Bear by Anton Chekhov, Camille by Alexandre Dumas fils, The Madwoman of Chaillot by Jean Giraudoux, The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde, the ballet Giselle, the poetry of Emily Dickinson, and the letters that Queen Victoria wrote to Edward VII when he was a boy. According to the puppetry scholar Kenneth Gross, these works were heavily abridged and altered, with the puppets frequently striking up "conversations with the audience, full of news, rumor, gossip, banter about hidden loves or jealousies, idiosyncrasies of character, private follies or public ambitions."
The Little Players appeared on The Dick Cavett Show several times in 1980. In 1981, they were the subject of a short documentary directed by Robin Lehman; the troupe disbanded in the early 1980s. The original five puppets are on rotating display at the Center for Puppetry Arts in Atlanta, Georgia.
# Mark H. A. Davis

Mark Herbert Ainsworth Davis (25 April 1945 – 18 March 2020) was Professor of Mathematics at Imperial College London. He made fundamental contributions to the theory of stochastic processes, stochastic control and mathematical finance.

## Education and career

After completing his BA degree in Electrical Engineering at the University of Cambridge, Davis pursued his PhD degree at UC Berkeley under the supervision of Pravin Varaiya. His PhD thesis, obtained in 1971, initiated the martingale theory of stochastic control. Returning to the UK in 1972, Davis joined the Control Group at Imperial College London. From 1995 to 1999 he was Head of Research and Product Development at Tokyo-Mitsubishi International, leading a quantitative research team providing pricing models and risk analysis for fixed income, equity and credit-related products. He returned to Imperial College London in August 2000 to build Imperial’s Mathematical Finance group within the Department of Mathematics.

## Research

Davis made several contributions to the theory of stochastic processes, stochastic control and mathematical finance. His doctoral thesis initiated the martingale approach for the study of conditions for the optimal control of stochastic systems given by Ito equations. The approach permitted arbitrary non-anticipative feedback controls and remains the standard way of formulating stochastic control to this day. One of his key contributions is the martingale optimality principle in stochastic control, which characterizes optimal strategies through the martingale property of the value process. In a 1984 paper he introduced the concept of Piecewise deterministic Markov process, a class of Markov models which have been used in many applications in engineering and science.
In the early 1990s, Davis introduced the deterministic approach to stochastic control by means of appropriate Lagrange multipliers. He was awarded the Naylor Prize by the London Mathematical Society in 2002 for his "contributions to stochastic analysis, stochastic control theory and mathematical finance" and delivered a lecture titled Optimal investment with randomly terminating income.
Davis was one of the founding editors of the journal Mathematical Finance. He authored three books on stochastic analysis and optimization.
# Taming Sutton's Gal

Taming Sutton's Gal is a 1957 American film drama directed by Lesley Selander and written by Frederick Louis Fox and Thames Williamson. The film stars John Lupton, Gloria Talbott, Jack Kelly, May Wynn and Verna Felton. It was released on September 15, 1957, by Republic Pictures.

## Plot

Hunting for pheasant, bank teller Frank McClary takes room and board in the Sutton home of 17-year-old girl Lou and her aunt. Living next door are quarreling neighbors Evelyn and Jugger Phelps, an unhappy wife and a jealous husband threatening her harm should she ever leave him.
Evelyn, a former burlesque dancer, gets Frank alone and attempts to seduce him. When she is rejected, she angrily tells her husband that Frank was the aggressor. Jugger confronts him and is given a beating by Frank.
Lou, teased mercilessly by her aunt about finding a man, sees Frank and Evelyn together and gets the wrong idea. Frank's affection for the teenager grows. Evelyn, meanwhile, shoots and wounds her husband after another argument. Evelyn pushes him too far and Jugger kills her. As the police come, Frank and Lou leave together to be married.

## Cast

* John Lupton as Frank McClary
* Gloria Talbott as Lou Sutton
* Jack Kelly as Jugger Phelps
* May Wynn as Evelyn Phelps
* Verna Felton as Aunty Sutton
# Mahmatlıbahçe, Gölbaşı

Mahmatlıbahçe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Gölbaşı, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 127 (2022).
# Lophophelma rubroviridata

Lophophelma rubroviridata is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by William Warren in 1898. It is found on Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo. The habitat consists of lower and upper montane forests.
# Malephora lutea

Malephora lutea is a species of plants in the family Aizoaceae (stone plants). They are succulent plants. Flowers are visited by Fidelia kobrowi.

## Sources

This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC0 (license statement/permission). Text taken from Malephora lutea​. Encyclopedia of Life.