OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sarcophagus of the mourning women

The Sarcophagus of the mourning women (in French Le Tombeau des Pleureuses) is a Hellenistic sarcophagus found in 1887 by the Ottoman archaeologist Osman Hamdi Bey, in the Royal necropolis of Ayaa near Sidon, Lebanon, in the same burial chamber (funerary room No. 3 of the necropolis of the King of Sidon) as the Alexander sarcophagus.
This columned sarcophagus from the pre-Roman period, a work of the Hellenistic period, is believed to be that of Strato, king of Sidon, who died in 360 BC. It is on display at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum.

## History

The sarcophagus had a great impact in Europe and America at the time of its discovery, along with twenty other sarcophagi from the Royal necropolis of Ayaa in Sidon. The sarcophagus, looted prior to its discovery, contained only the bones of the deceased and a bronze belt buckle.
When the sarcophagi from Sidon were brought to Istanbul, it became necessary to build a museum to house them. The facade of the main building, built by Osman Hamdi Bey according to the plans of the architect Alexandre Vallaury, one of the teachers of Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi, is inspired by the sarcophagus of the Mourners. This is one of the reasons the museum was first named the "Museum of Sarcophagi".

## Description

The height of the sarcophagus of the Mourners is 2.97 m, its length 2.54 m and its width 1.37 m. It is one of the best preserved ancient sarcophagi in the world. The reliefs represent a funeral procession and women mourning the death of the king. It is estimated that several sculptors worked on this carved set. The sarcophagus has the shape and proportions of an Ionic temple. It is a good example of the oriental influence on the art of Hellenistic sculpture.
There are eighteen female figures, some standing and others seated, alternating with the Ionic columns that line the tank. The women all have a painful expression in their attitudes, but their movements differ from each other, bringing the whole work to life. Shaved heads, bare feet, torn clothes, movements and expressions of the characters reflecting their sadness are characteristic of Semitic communities. The eighteen female figures spread among the columns are thought to represent the wives of the dead or the women of their harem rather than the mourners common in Middle Eastern societies.
A funerary scene appears on the frieze above the sarcophagus. It is a composition that can give an idea of the customs of this period. The underside of the sarcophagus shows another frieze, giving the work a momentum of elevation and sublimation.
The weeping female figures in this sarcophagus are the subject of Enis Batur's collection of poetry entitled Le Tombeau des Pleureuses.
# Monohull

A monohull is a type of boat having only one hull, unlike multihulled boats which can have two or more individual hulls connected to one another.

## Fundamental concept

Among the earliest hulls were simple logs, but these were generally unstable and tended to roll over easily. Hollowing out the logs into a dugout canoe doesn't help much unless the hollow section penetrates below the log's center of buoyancy, then a load carried low in the cavity actually stabilizes the craft. Adding weight or ballast to the bottom of the hull or as low as possible within the hull adds stability.
Naval architects place the center of gravity substantially below the center of buoyancy; in most cases this can only be achieved by adding weight or ballast. The use of stones and other weights as ballast can be traced back to the Romans, Phoenicians and Vikings. Modern ships carry tons of ballast in order to maintain their stability; even heavily laden cargo ships use ballast to optimize the distribution of weight.

## Uses

This is the most prevalent form of waterborne vessel.

## Variations

* Keels - Most sailing ships and larger sailboats have deep keels containing ballast which adds horizontal stabilility.
* Displacement hulls - Monohull boats frequently ride deeply in the water, this is known as a displacement hull.
* Planing hulls - Hulls that ride on top of the water are called planing hulls, because when they reach speed, the hulls are substantially lifted above the water; this is known as planing (to plane).

## References and bibliography

* Jim Howard, Charles J. Doane (2000). Handbook of offshore cruising: The Dream and Reality of Modern Ocean Cruising. Sheridan House, Inc. p. 280. ISBN 1-57409-093-3.
* C. A. Marchaj (2000). Aero-Hydrodynamics of Sailing. Tiller Publishing. ISBN 1-888671-18-1.
* C. A. Marchaj. Sail Performance. McGraw Hill. p. 400. ISBN 0-07-141310-3.
* C. A. Marchaj. Seaworthiness:The Forgotten Factor. Tiller Publishing. p. 372. ISBN 1-888671-09-2.
# Sarde

Sarde is an Indian village in the Tehsil of Uran of the Raigad District of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 census, Sarde has a total population of 1389. 51% of the population is male, and 10% are aged 0–6. Of the 338 households, 98% belong to the Agri Community where they speak Agri dialect. 2% are from Scheduled Tribes and none from Scheduled Castes.
The literacy rate is 73% (67% for females, 79% for males). 45% had a steady job of six or more months at the time of the census (main workers), and 3% a less steady job (marginal workers): of the main workers, 42% were cultivators, 12% agricultural laborers, 2% household industry workers, and 45% other workers.
# Mommsen family

The Mommsen family is a German family of influential historians.
# Siloam Springs (disambiguation)

Siloam Springs may refer to:
* Siloam Springs, Arkansas
* Siloam Springs, Gentry County, Missouri
* Siloam Springs, Howell County, Missouri
* Siloam Springs Township, Howell County, Missouri
# Friends of Medicare

Friends of Medicare is Canadian non-profit organization that advocates for the Canadian universal public health system. The group was founded in September 1979 in Edmonton, Alberta. Friends of Medicare is a coalition of many individuals and organizations, from physicians to patients, seniors’ organizations, cultural and community groups, and labour unions. It has played a role in defending the principles of Canada's universal public health system both in Alberta and nationally.

## History

The Friends of Medicare fought against extra billing in the 1980s and against the introduction of private, for-profit health care with Bills 37 and 11 in the 1990s. In 2005, the group fought and won against the government's push to introduce sweeping reforms to the Canadian health care system through the Third Way under Premier Ralph Klein.

## Campaigns
### Advocation

Friends of Medicare work with a wide range of organizations and groups to ensure that Canadian healthcare remains publicly available and accessible. The BC Health Coalition, along with Canadian Doctors for Medicare, Oxfam Canada and the Council of Canadians, launched Friends of Medicare in 2007 a campaign to protect and improve public health care in B.C.

### Senior care

In 2019, Friends of Medicare launched a campaign advocating for the political parties to pay more attention to the health care needs of Alberta's oldest population. The group wants the government to mandate staff-to-patient ratios and address a lack of at-home caregivers.

### Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID)

In 2018, Friends of Medicare asked the provincial government to create legislation that would ensure equal access to Medical Assistance In Dying (MAID) at all Alberta hospital facilities. The group urged the Alberta government and Alberta Health Services to take a clear position and establish legislation that will address unequal access and various interpretations of the federal law.

### Dental coverage

Sandra Azocar, Executive Director with Friends of Medicare, stated that “[Albertans are paying] 114% more than people in BC for example in essential things such as [Dental] check-ups.” The Alberta government in 2017 recommended an 8.5 per cent drop in dental prices for 60 common dental procedures, the fee guide is a list of recommendations not mandates. Friends of Medicare applauded the new guide, but said the best way to ensure affordability is to eventually have dental services covered by the province's health insurance plan.

### Pharmacare

Sandra Azocar of Friends of Medicare says not including medication coverage in the Canadian single-payer system translates into 1 in 10 Canadians and 1 in 5 Albertans being unable to afford their medication. The patchwork of drug coverage, with more than 100,000 different drug and supplementary plans, and only 23 different public drug and supplementary plans within Alberta alone, providing benefits for just 20 percent of Albertans. According to Azocar, the push for a PharmaCare program is the unfinished business of Medicare in Canada.
# Muleskinner (band)

Muleskinner was an American bluegrass supergroup, active during the early 1970s.

## Early history

In the late 1960s, Peter Rowan and David Grisman played together in a psychedelic band Earth Opera. The band didn't last longer than couple of years and Rowan went on to join Seatrain, where he reconnected with Richard Greene. Rowan and Greene had been members of Bill Monroe's Bluegrass Boys in 1964-1966. After two albums with Seatrain, Greene and Rowan went on to form Muleskinner with banjoist Bill Keith, whom Greene had played with in Jim Kweskin and the Jug Band in the early 1960s, and Clarence White, former guitarist of Kentucky Colonels and The Byrds, along with bassist John Kahn and drummer John Guerin, who also worked for The Byrds.

## Planned show with Bill Monroe

This lineup can be considered as a bluegrass supergroup, a term not often used with bluegrass. The original start of the group was connected with Bill Monroe, as Richard Greene (who played for his Bluegrass Boys before), was asked to put a band together to join him in a television program. However, Monroe's bus had some technical problems and Muleskinner had to play the whole evening on their own and it was a success.

## Recording contract

All this resulted in a recording contract with Warner Bros. and the band recorded its first studio album, Muleskinner, which included elements from jazz, country and progressive bluegrass.

## Clarence White death

The album was successful, but the band ended under tragic circumstances: guitarist Clarence White was killed by a drunken driver just couple of months after the record was released. The band also recorded a live album in 1973, which was released 25 years later.

## Discography

* Muleskinner (1973) (re-released as A Potpourri of Bluegrass Jam in 1994)
* Muleskinner Live: Original Television Soundtrack (1998, recorded 1973)

## Members

* David Grisman - mandolin
* Peter Rowan - guitar, vocals
* Clarence White - guitar, vocals
* Richard Greene - violin, vocals
* Bill Keith - banjo
* John Kahn - bass
* Stuart Schulman - bass
* John Guerin - drums
# 5-HT2 receptor

The 5-HT$_2$ receptors are a subfamily of 5-HT receptors that bind the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). The 5-HT$_2$ subfamily consists of three G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are coupled to G$_q$/G$_{11}$ and mediate excitatory neurotransmission, including 5-HT$_{2A}$, 5-HT$_{2B}$, and 5-HT$_{2C}$. For more information, please see the respective main articles of the individual subtypes:
* 5-HT$_{2A}$ receptor
* 5-HT$_{2B}$ receptor
* 5-HT$_{2C}$ receptor
# MetaboLights

MetaboLights is a data repository founded in 2012 for cross-species and cross-platform metabolomic studies that provides primary research data and meta data for metabolomic studies as well as a knowledge base for properties of individual metabolites. The database is maintained by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) and the development is funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). As of July 2018, the MetaboLights browse functionality consists of 383 studies, two analytical platforms, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Semantic annotation is based on various ontologies and controlled vocabularies, including the BRENDA tissue ontology and the NCBI taxonomy. The metabolite structure data is linked to chemical databases, including ChemSpider, PubChem, and ChEBI. Links to metabolite databases, however, seem to be missing.
MetaboLights consists of two components:

## Scope and access

The data stored in MetaboLights is available for download from an FTP site and can be reused by the scientific community, where data sharing is considered an integral part of the scientific method. Copyright and license information, however, is not easily identifiable.
MetaboLights includes user tools for submission of experiments using the ISA-TAB format for metadata tagging of all submissions. Submitted studies are automatically assigned a stable unique accession number (e.g. MTBLS1) that can be used as a publication reference; MetaboLights is one of the repositories recommended by several scientific journals, including EMBO Journal and Nature's Scientific Data. There is also a guided submission process to help meet the Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) recommendations for high quality data submissions for NMR and MS experiments.
# Serbin Fashions

Serbin Fashions Inc. (also known as Serbin of Miami & S&M Manufacturing Company) produced clothing lines under brand names like JO-RICH Originals Inc, Lincoln Manufacturing Company Inc, J.L.J. Corporation, Key Biscayne Hand Print Fabrics Inc., and Kitty Fischer and Roxbury Inc.
Serbin was a clothing manufacturer based in Fayetteville, Tennessee in Lincoln County. The original manufacturing facility in Fayetteville was opened in August 1937 as L.N. Gross & Company. In 1949, Lou & John Serbin, from Cleveland, Ohio, bought out L.N. Gross & Company and changed the name to Serbin. Lou ran the company until 1954, when James Marion Malone was promoted to Vice President. Malone was promoted to President in 1958.
After the manufacturing business was shuttered in the early 1990s, the factory transitioned into a storage facility.
# McDunn, West Virginia

McDunn is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States.
# McrA RNA motif

The mcrA RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics.
mcrA motif RNAs are found in the genus Listeria, as well as two phages that infect such species: Listeria phage 2389 and Listeria phage B025.
mcrA RNAs are often found upstream of genes that encode restriction endonucleases of the mcrA type. These endonucleases are typically found in phages. This fact could suggest that the RNAs function as cis-regulatory elements. However, mcrA RNA are clearly associated with phages, which often organize their genes such that all (or many) genes are transcribed in one huge unit. Therefore, it is possible that mcrA RNAs are located upstream of protein-coding genes merely because they happen to be adjacent in these long phage transcripts.
# Fresnel (disambiguation)

Augustin-Jean Fresnel (1788–1827) was a physicist.
Fresnel may also refer to:
* Fresnel (frequency), a formerly used unit equal to one terahertz
* Rimae Fresnel, an escarpment on the moon
* Fresnel lens, a type of composite compact lens
* French submarine Fresnel, more than one submarine of the French Navy

## People with the surname

* Fulgence Fresnel (1795–1855), French Orientalist and brother of Augustin-Jean Fresnel
# Fresnel imager

A Fresnel imager is a proposed ultra-lightweight design for a space telescope that uses a Fresnel array as primary optics instead of a typical lens. It focuses light with a thin opaque foil sheet punched with specially shaped holes, thus focusing light on a certain point by using the phenomenon of diffraction. Such patterned sheets, called Fresnel zone plates, have long been used for focusing laser beams, but have so far not been used for astronomy. No optical material is involved in the focusing process as in traditional telescopes. Rather, the light collected by the Fresnel array is concentrated on smaller classical optics (e.g. 1/20 of the array size), to form a final image.
The long focal lengths of the Fresnel imager (a few kilometers) require operation by two-vessel formation flying in space at the L2 Sun-Earth Lagrangian point. In this two-spacecraft formation-flying instrument, one spacecraft holds the focussing element: the Fresnel interferometric array; the other spacecraft holds the field optics, focal instrumentation, and detectors.

## Advantages

* A Fresnel imager with a sheet of a given size has vision just as sharp as a traditional telescope with a mirror of the same size, though it collects about 10% of the light.
* The use of vacuum for the individual subapertures eliminates phase defects and spectral limitations, which would result from the use of a transparent or reflective material.
* It can observe in the ultraviolet and infrared, in addition to visible light.
* It achieves images of high contrast, enabling observation of a very faint object in the close vicinity of a bright one.
* Since it is constructed using foil instead of mirrors, it is expected to be more lightweight, and therefore less expensive to launch, than a traditional telescope.
* A 30-metre Fresnel imager would be powerful enough to see Earth-sized planets within 30 light years of Earth, and measure the planets' light spectrum to look for signs of life, such as atmospheric oxygen. The Fresnel imager could also measure the properties of very young galaxies in the distant universe and take detailed images of objects in the Solar System.

## Development

The concept has been successfully tested in the visible, and awaits testing in the UV. An international interest group is being formed, with specialists of the different science cases. A proposal for a 2025-2030 mission has been submitted to ESA Cosmic Vision call. In 2008 Laurent Koechlin of the Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées in Toulouse, France, and his team planned to construct a small ground-based Fresnel imager telescope by attaching a 20-centimetre patterned sheet to a telescope mount.
Koechlin and his team completed the ground-based prototype in 2012. It uses a piece of copper foil 20 cm square with 696 concentric rings as the zone plate. Its focal length is 18 metres. They were able to resolve the moons of Mars from the parent planet with it.
# Tidal diamond

Tidal diamonds are symbols on British admiralty charts and others that indicate the direction and speed of tidal streams.
The symbols consist of a letter of the ISO basic Latin alphabet in a rhombus, printed in purple ink. On any particular chart each tidal diamond will have a unique letter starting from "A" and continuing alphabetically.
Either somewhere on the chart (generally on land) or else on a separate sheet, will be a Tidal Diamond table. This contains a grid of thirteen rows and three columns for each Diamond. The rows are the hours of the tidal cycle showing the 6 hours before high water, high water itself and the 6 hours after high water. It is important to realise that the tidal hour lasts from half an hour before the nominal time to half an hour after. For instance the row for 3 hours after high water is valid from HW+2½ to HW+3½, not from HW+3 to HW+4. The columns show the bearing of the tidal stream and its speed, in knots, at both spring tide and neap tide. The times on the table are related to the high water of the standard port displayed on the table. To calculate the rate at an intermediate tide between neap and spring, interpolation is required. Traditionally this has been done using a "calculation of rates" chart.
An alternative to a tidal diamond is a tidal atlas which are often more accurate and easier to use (if available).

## Footnotes

* ↑ For instance those published by Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson for small vessels
* ↑ Older (pre-1967) charts may use black ink
# Freeman, Georgia

Freeman is an unincorporated community in Early County, in the U.S. state of Georgia.

## History

The first permanent settlement at Freeman was made in the 1840s. A post office called Freeman was in operation from 1900 until 1902.
# Freeman's Marsh

Freeman's Marsh is a 25.1-hectare (62-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest on the northern outskirts of Hungerford in Berkshire. It is in the North Wessex Downs, which is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The site is owned by the Town and Manor of Hungerford.
Freeman's Marsh is in the flood plain of the River Dun, which goes through the site. It has unimproved meadows, which have long been traditionally managed by grazing, marsh, reedbeds and scattered woodland. Many species of birds nest on the river bank and in the marshy meadows, including snipe, little grebes and mute swans, while sedge warblers, reed warblers and reed buntings nest in tall fen and reed.
The site is crossed by public footpaths.
# Timewalk

The Timewalk was an exhibition and visitor attraction located in Brewers Quay, Weymouth, Dorset. It opened in 1990 and closed in 2010. One of Weymouth's most popular attractions, Timewalk took visitors on a journey covering the town's history and maritime connections from the 14th century onwards. It was told by the brewery cat, Miss Paws, and her eight feline ancestors. The attraction aimed to "recreate the sights, sounds and smells, of six hundred years of maritime history".
After being introduced to Miss Paws, visitors were taken around a series of nineteen dioramas depicting various historic scenes, including the Black Death pandemic, the Spanish Armada's attempted invasion, the English Civil War, the use of Portland stone by Sir Christopher Wren for the rebuilding of London after the Great Fire of 1666, Weymouth's Royal Patronage by King George III, local smuggling and Weymouth's important tourism trade following its railway link opened in 1857. The final part of the attraction was Brewery Days, which covered the history of brewing in Hope Square from 1821. It featured the characters Mr Malt, Mr Hops and Mr Yeast which were known as the Brewery Bunch. Adults were able to taste some real ale in the Drum and Dancer Tasting Bar.

## History

Following the closure of Devenish Brewery, Devenish and Weymouth & Portland Borough Council launched a major plan to transform the building into Brewers Quay, a shopping complex with a pub, restaurant and indoor visitor attractions. Opened in June 1990, the new £4.5 million complex included Timewalk and Weymouth Museum, both of which covered the history of Weymouth. The project designer was John Sunderland, and that year, Timewalk won the British Tourist Authority's "Come to Britain Trophy".
Timewalk was one of the area's most popular attractions and was praised as part of the Rough Guide to Britain's entry for Weymouth in 2004. In a borough report by the council, Timewalk's annual visitor numbers for 2004 was 41,000. In the summer of 2007, VisitBritain announced that Weymouth was the most searched location on their websites, which was said to have been boosted by both Timewalk and the Sea Life Park.
In 2010, Timewalk closed when Brewers Quay shut for redevelopment by Brewers Quay Investment LLP. As part of their plans, it was announced that Timewalk would not be included in the redevelopment, with the attraction being described as "no longer justifiable" due to dwindling visitor numbers. Instead, a new wet weather attraction was announced as its replacement. However, the plans stalled and in 2013, Brewers Quay re-opened as an antiques emporium. Following its closure, the Timewalk figures were placed in storage within the building. In 2016, Weymouth Museum gave 18 figures to the emporium, who retained some while others were sold.