OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of ambassadors of Libya to China

The Libyan ambassador in Beijing was the official representative of the Government in Tripoli to the Government of the People's Republic of China.

## List of representatives

* Secretary of the People's Committee of the People's Bureau of the Socialist Peoples Libyan Arab Jamahiriyah in Beijing
| Diplomatic agrément/Diplomatic accreditation | ambassador | Observations | List of heads of state of Libya | Premier of the People's Republic of China | Term end |
| September 1, 1967 | | Libya has employed since 1962 a steadily increasing number of Taywanese personnel for technical services. As off September 1, 1967 were working there 237 Chinese technicians, including 207 doctors and nurses, 26 engineers, 3 meteorologists, and a harbor consultant. | Idris of Libya | Zhou Enlai | |
| August 9, 1978 | | The governments in Beijing and Tripoli recognized each other. | Muammar Gaddafi | Hua Guofeng | |
| 1978 | Kamel Maghur | | Muammar Gaddafi | Hua Guofeng | |
| 1984 | Abdalla Al Alharari | 1985: Abdallah Ahmed al Harari, Libya's chief representative in Tunis | Muammar Gaddafi | Zhao Ziyang | |
| March 9, 1985 | Abdul Hamed Zintani | | Muammar Gaddafi | Zhao Ziyang | 1988 |
| February 25, 1992 | Mufath Othman Madi | | Muammar Gaddafi | Li Peng | 2002 |
| July 27, 2005 | Mustafa M. el-Guelushi | | Muammar Gaddafi | Wen Jiabao | 2008 |
| February 20, 2011 | Hussein Sadiq al Musrati | | Mustafa Abd al-Dschalil | Wen Jiabao | |
39°56′42″N 116°27′36″E﻿ / ﻿39.945135°N 116.460134°E﻿ / 39.945135; 116.460134
# 5,6-Dihydroxyindole

5,6-Dihydroxyindole is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C$_8$H$_7$NO$_2$. It is an intermediate in the production of the biological pigment eumelanin. 5,6-Dihydroxyindole is biosynthesized from L-dopachrome in a reaction catalyzed by a tyrosinase enzyme and is further converted into indole-5,6-quinone. In humans, 5,6-dihydroxyindole is involved in the metabolic disorder hawkinsinuria.
In some insects, 5,6-dihydroxyindole is a reactive compound that is produced as a component of defense responses and has antibacterial and antifungal activity.
A laboratory synthesis of 5,6-dihydroxyindole can be accomplished starting from 3,4-dibenzyloxybenzaldehyde. This compound is condensed with nitromethane in a Henry reaction, followed by nitration, reduction of the nitro groups, and hydrogenolysis of the benzyl protecting groups.
# Mikhil Musale

Mikhil Musale is a film director from India. In 2010, he founded the film production and distribution company, CineMan Productions, with Abhishek Jain and Anish Shah. Wrong Side Raju is his first film as a director and it won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 64th National Film Awards. In 2019, he debuted in the Bollywood film industry with Made in China, starring Rajkummar Rao, Boman Irani and Mouni Roy.

## Filmography

Key :
| † | Denotes films that have not yet been released |
| Year | Film | Language | Notes |
| 2016 | Wrong Side Raju | Gujarati | National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 64th National Film Awards |
| 2019 | Made in China | Hindi | Debut in Hindi cinema |
| 2023 | Sajini Shinde Ka Viral Video | Hindi | |
# Mike Balas

Mitchell Francis "Mike" Balas (May 9, 1910 – October 15, 1996) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who appeared in one game in with the Boston Bees in 1938.
Balas entered professional baseball in 1929 playing for the Brockton Shoemakers of the New England League. After moving around the minors for the next 9 years, he played in his only MLB game on April 27, 1938. In that game, he pitched 11⁄3 innings facing 8 batters, surrendering 3 runs (1 earned), walking and striking out none. Following the game he returned to the minors and continued there until 1940. He also was a minor league manager from 1945 to 1948.
Balas was a Jehovah's Witness and in 1942 was prosecuted in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts for failing to report to a conscientious objector camp during World War II. He was sentenced by U.S. District Judge George Clinton Sweeney to three years in federal prison.
# PureSim Baseball 2007

PureSim Baseball 2007 is a text-based computer baseball simulation published by Matrix Games. Originally developed by American independent game developer Shaun Sullivan, the first Matrix version was published as PureSim 2005 on 5 October 2005.
PureSim allows creation of a fantasy baseball world made up of either fictional players or real major league players imported from the Lahman Database. Leagues, called "associations" in PureSim, can be set up with as few as two teams to as many as fifty. Fully customizable, players may choose cities and nicknames and may even edit cities.
In March 2009, the game in its entirety was released as freeware by creator Shaun Sullivan, along with a message on the official website stating that he would like to continue developing the game in its free state.
# Loud Like Nature

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Loud Like Nature is the fifth and final album by UK electronica group Add N to (X), released in 2002 through Mute Records.

## Track listing

* "Total All Out Water" – 3:51
* "Electric Village" – 3:36
* "Sheez Mine" – 3:48
* "Invasion of the Polaroid People" – 4:40
* "Party Bag" – 4:56
* "Quantum Leap" – 4:45
* "Pink Light" – 5:42
* "Up the Punks" – 3:48
* "Take Me to Your Leader" – 3:35
* "Lick a Battery (Tongues Across the Terminals)" – 3:07
* ".-U Baby" – 1:41
* "Large Number" – 3:18
* "All Night Lazy" – 4:17
# Purpureum

Purpureum, purple in Latin, may refer to:
* Chlorogalum purpureum, the purple amole, a flowering plant species endemic to California
* Chondrostereum purpureum, the silver leaf, a fungus plant pathogen species
* Eutrochium purpureum, a herbaceous perennial plant in the sunflower family native to eastern and central North America
* Lamium purpureum, the red deadnettle, purple deadnettle or purple archangel, a herbaceous flowering plant species native to Europe and Asia
* Lasiopetalum purpureum, a synonym for Thomasia purpurea, a shrub species found in Australia
* Pennisetum purpureum, a species of perennial tropical grass native to the African grasslands
* Syzygium purpureum, a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae endemic to Fiji
# Swift heavy ion

Swift heavy ions are the components of a type of particle beam with high enough energy that electronic stopping dominates over nuclear stopping. They are accelerated in particle accelerators to very high energies, typically in the MeV or GeV range and have sufficient energy and mass to penetrate solids on a straight line. In many solids swift heavy ions release sufficient energy to induce permanently modified cylindrical zones, so-called ion tracks. If the irradiation is carried out in an initially crystalline material, ion tracks consist of an amorphous cylinder. Ion tracks can be produced in many amorphizing materials, but not in pure metals, where the high electronic heat conductivity dissipates away the electronic heating before the ion track has time to form.

## Definition

Heavy ion beams are generally described in terms of their energy in Mega electron volts (MeV) divided by the mass of the atomic nucleus, written "MeV/u". In order for an ion beam to be considered "swift", the constituent ions should be carbon or heavier, and the energy such that the beam particles have a velocity comparable to the Bohr velocity.

## Ion track formation

The mechanisms by which ion tracks are produced are subject to some debate. They can be considered to produce thermal spikes in the sense that they lead to strong lattice heating and a transient disordered atom zone. However, at least the initial stage of the damage might be better understood in terms of a Coulomb explosion mechanism. Regardless of what the heating mechanism is, it is well established that swift heavy ions typically produce a long nearly cylindrical track of damage in insulators, which has been shown to be underdense in the middle, at least in SiO$_2$.

## Applications

Swift heavy ion tracks have several established and potential practical applications. Ion tracks in polymers can be etched to form a nanometer-thin channel through a polymer foil, so called track etch membranes. These are in industrial use.
Irradiation of polyimide resists have potential to be used as templates for nanowire growth. Tracks can also be used to sputter materials. They can also be used to elongate nanocrystals embedded in materials. SHI irradiation can also be used for structural modification of nanomaterials.
# Swimming at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships – Men's 400 metre freestyle

The Men's 400 metre freestyle competition of the 2018 European Aquatics Championships was held on 3 August 2018.

## Records

Before the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.
| | Name | Nation | Time | Location | Date |
| World record European record | Paul Biedermann | Germany | 3:40.07 | Rome | 26 July 2009 |
| Championship record | Gabriele Detti | Italy | 3:44.01 | London | 16 May 2016 |

## Results
### Heats

The heats were started at 09:50.
| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 3 | 4 | Mykhailo Romanchuk | Ukraine | 3:46.95 | Q |
| 2 | 3 | 2 | Poul Zellmann | Germany | 3:47.14 | Q |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | Henning Mühlleitner | Germany | 3:47.29 | Q |
| 4 | 4 | 4 | Felix Auböck | Austria | 3:48.01 | Q |
| 5 | 4 | 2 | Victor Johansson | Sweden | 3:48.05 | Q |
| 6 | 4 | 3 | Henrik Christiansen | Norway | 3:48.14 | Q |
| 7 | 3 | 8 | Jan Micka | Czech Republic | 3:49.17 | Q |
| 8 | 3 | 5 | Wojciech Wojdak | Poland | 3:49.67 | Q |
| 9 | 3 | 6 | Filip Zaborowski | Poland | 3:49.72 | |
| 10 | 4 | 8 | David Aubry | France | 3:49.87 | |
| 11 | 4 | 5 | Domenico Acerenza | Italy | 3:50.00 | |
| 12 | 3 | 1 | Stephen Milne | Great Britain | 3:50.05 | |
| 13 | 4 | 7 | Jay Lelliott | Great Britain | 3:50.21 | |
| 14 | 3 | 9 | Marin Mogić | Croatia | 3:50.48 | |
| 15 | 4 | 1 | Martin Malyutin | Russia | 3:50.94 | |
| 16 | 2 | 8 | Robin Hanson | Sweden | 3:51.33 | |
| 17 | 3 | 0 | Balázs Holló | Hungary | 3:51.56 | |
| 18 | 2 | 4 | Richard Nagy | Slovakia | 3:51.86 | |
| 19 | 2 | 0 | Miguel Nascimento | Portugal | 3:51.89 | |
| 20 | 4 | 9 | Adam Paulsson | Sweden | 3:51.98 | |
| 21 | 4 | 0 | Roman Fuchs | France | 3:52.77 | |
| 22 | 4 | 6 | Viacheslav Andrusenko | Russia | 3:53.02 | |
| 23 | 2 | 5 | Denis Loktev | Israel | 3:53.04 | |
| 24 | 2 | 2 | Bogdan-Andrei Scarlat | Romania | 3:53.80 | |
| 25 | 2 | 9 | Ergecan Gezmiş | Turkey | 3:53.52 | |
| 26 | 2 | 3 | Ilya Druzhinin | Russia | 3:54.40 | |
| 27 | 2 | 1 | László Cseh | Hungary | 3:55.49 | |
| 28 | 1 | 6 | Batuhan Hakan | Turkey | 3:56.81 | |
| 29 | 2 | 6 | Yonatan Batsha | Israel | 3:57.07 | |
| 30 | 1 | 4 | Daniel Namir | Israel | 3:57.37 | |
| 31 | 2 | 7 | Andreas Georgakopoulos | Greece | 4:00.36 | |
| 32 | 1 | 5 | Irakli Revishvili | Georgia | 4:00.95 | |
| 33 | 1 | 3 | Alvi Hjelm | Faroe Islands | 4:02.29 | |
| 34 | 1 | 2 | Frenc Berdaku | Albania | 4:09.78 | |
| 35 | 1 | 7 | Spiro Goga | Albania | 4:13.88 | |
| — | 3 | 7 | Daniel Jervis | Great Britain | Did not start | Did not start |

### Final

The final was held at 17:09.
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | 4 | Mykhailo Romanchuk | Ukraine | 3:45.18 |
| | 7 | Henrik Christiansen | Norway | 3:47.07 |
| | 3 | Henning Mühlleitner | Germany | 3:47.18 |
| 4 | 6 | Felix Auböck | Austria | 3:47.24 |
| 5 | 2 | Victor Johansson | Sweden | 3:47.74 |
| 6 | 1 | Jan Micka | Czech Republic | 3:48.46 |
| 7 | 5 | Poul Zellmann | Germany | 3:48.97 |
| 8 | 8 | Wojciech Wojdak | Poland | 3:49.08 |
# Lorenzo Perez Escalona

Lorenzo Perez Escalona (born February 4, 1986) is a Cuban Paralympic swimmer. He competed in the 2012 Paralympic Games in London where he won a silver and a bronze medal for the 50 and 100 m freestyle respectively. Escalona also one a gold medal at the 2015 Parapan American Games in the 100m freestyle. He has also competed in the 400m freestyle.
# Pur et dur

Pur et dur (French:; a common expression in French literally meaning "pure and hard") is a term used in Quebec politics to refer to hardliners of the Parti Québécois and the Quebec independence movement. It is most commonly used in the media, where it was popularized. It is also used to criticize some members of the Parti Québécois. Some within the party resent the use of the term by the media, but some have embraced it. It is similar to the term "SNP fundamentalist", used in Scottish politics for a faction of the Scottish National Party, another pro-independence party.
Many of the first "purs et durs" came from the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale who, through entryism, joined the Parti Québécois in the early days of the 1960s. They are associated with strong opinions about independence (including the need to attain it quickly, the question of an eventual supranational union, or "sovereignty-association", and the question of the "étapisme" approach) and language protection (see Charter of the French Language). Some also criticize the party for not being social democratic enough.
These militants have famously made the leadership of the Parti Québécois a test and daunting task. The media has tied the resignation of every former PQ leader except Jacques Parizeau to the disapproval of the "pur et dur", especially in the case of Pierre-Marc Johnson. Parizeau a former Premier of Quebec, has sometimes been portrayed as "pur et dur."

## Examples

These are people having been portrayed by some as purs et durs, while this "status" is debatable.
* Paul Bégin
* Patrick Bourgeois
* Pierre Bourgault
* André Joli-Coeur
* Robert Laplante
* Denis Lazure
* Josée Legault
* Yves Michaud
* Jacques Parizeau
* Robin Philpot
* Jean-Claude St-André
* Pierre Falardeau
Two notable exceptions are Guy Bertrand and Gilles Grégoire. Both are founding members of the Parti Québécois, but have (or had) come to be disowned by the purs et durs.
Bertrand was called, by René Lévesque, an "ayatollah in bedroom slippers," mostly because of his vigorous attempts to get the PQ to declare unilateral independence, but later wrote that an "intolerant, ethnocentric, egocentric" Québécois nationalism has been the bane of Quebec and Canada. A skilled lawyer, he has taken his anti-separatism cause to court several times.
Grégoire was a founding member and elected to the National Assembly of Quebec twice but was cast out when he was convicted of having sex with minor girls and sentenced to jail. He died in 2006.
# Puxada de Rede

Puxada de rede (lit. "fishing net pulling") is a Brazilian folkloric theatrical play, seen in many capoeira performances. It is based on a traditional Brazilian legend.

## Plot

A fisherman goes out to fish at night on a jangada, a handmade seaworthy sailing raft used by fishermen of north-eastern Brazil. His wife has a presentiment of something wrong and tries to stop him from going fishing that night. He goes anyway, leaving his wife crying and his kids scared. His wife waits the whole night for him on the beach, and around 5:00am, the usual arrival time, she sees the jangada. The fishermen have a very sad expression and some are even crying, but she does not see her husband. The fishermen tell her that her husband has fallen off the jangada by accident. As they start to withdraw the net, they find his body amongst the fish. His friends carry his body on their arms, in a traditional funeral ritual on the beach. The fishermen composed a dance in his memory and called it "puxada de rede". it has two rhythms.

## Lyrics

English translation in italics where available.
NO MAR
No mar, no mar, no mar, no mar eu ouvi cantar  In the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea I heard singing No mar, no mar, no mar minha sereia, ela é sereia  In the sea, in the sea, in the sea my mermaid, she is a mermaid
MINHA JANGADA VAI SAIR P'RO MAR
Minha jangada vai sair p'ro mar  My jangada is going out to sea Vou trabalhar, meu bem querer  I'm going to work, my love. Se Deus quiser quando eu voltar do mar  If God wants when I return from the sea Um peixe bom, eu vou trazer  A good fish, I will bring Meus companheiros tambem vão voltar  My friends will also return E a Deus do céu vamos agradecer  and to God we will give thanks
A REDE PUXA
A puxa a marra marinheiro A rede puxa A puxa lá que eu puxo cá A rede puxa A puxa a marra samangolê A rede puxa
PUXA A MARRA MARINHEIRO
Puxa a marra marinheiro puxa a marra E olha o vento que te leva pela a barra
# Swimming at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's 50 metre freestyle S10

The men's 50 metre freestyle swimming event (S10) event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place on Thursday 29 August 2024, at the La Défense Arena in Paris. The heats took place at 10.51 a.m.

## Heats

The swimmers with the top eight times, regardless of heat, advanced to the final.
| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 1 | 4 | Thomas Gallagher | Australia | 23.33 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | 3 | Stefano Raimondi | Italy | 23.77 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | 5 | Phelipe Rodrigues | Brazil | 23.78 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | 4 | Rowan Crothers | Australia | 23.88 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | 5 | Ihor Nimchenko | Ukraine | 24.62 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | 6 | Dmitry Grigoryev | Neutral Paralympic Athletes | 24.62 | Q |
| 7 | 1 | 2 | Zeiad Tarek Hasby | Egypt | 24.75 | Q, AF |
| 8 | 1 | 6 | Fernando Lu | Canada | 25.02 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | 3 | Yaseen El-Demerdash | United States | 25.29 | R |
| 10 | 2 | 2 | David Levecq | Spain | 25.31 | R |
| 11 | 2 | 7 | Alan Ogorzalek | Poland | 25.65 | |
| 12 | 1 | 7 | Akito Minai | Japan | 25.82 | |
Q : qualified for final AF African Record

## Final

The final took place on the same day, at 19.41:
| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | 4 | Thomas Gallagher | Australia | 23.40 |
| | 3 | Phelipe Rodrigues | Brazil | 23.54 |
| | 6 | Rowan Crothers | Australia | 23.79 |
| 4 | 5 | Stefano Raimondi | Italy | 23.92 |
| 5 | 2 | Ihor Nimchenko | Ukraine | 24.16 |
| 6 | 7 | Dmitry Grigoryev | Neutral Paralympic Athletes | 24.62 |
| 7 | 8 | Fernando Lu | Canada | 24.84 |
| 8 | 1 | Zeiad Tarak Hasby | Egypt | 24.89 |
# Pyrausta staiusalis

Pyrausta staiusalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Thought Leader

Thought Leader is a collaborative news and opinion platform owned by the South African newspaper Mail & Guardian. It was named a Webby Award Honoree in 2008, won 2008 SA Blog of the Year, and has scored a few firsts, including sending the first South African blogger, Ndumiso Ngcobo, to cover a major political event – the 2007 ANC national conference in Polokwane.
In 2010 it was named as the forum where "most analytic discussion of sexual violence" was taking place by the Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre, which conducted a study on the reporting of sexual violence in South Africa.

## Notable contributors

* Richard Calland
* Andrea Mitchell
* Anton Harber
* Brendan O'Neill
* Bruce Cohen
* Erik Hersman
* Jonathan Berger
* Khadija Sharife
* Marius Redelinghuys
* Matthew Buckland
* Na'eem Jeenah
* Patricia de Lille
* Pierre de Vos
* Sarah Britten
* Sheila Camerer
* Steven Friedman
* Trevor Ncube
# Silverbridge, County Armagh

Silverbridge is a small village in the townland of Legmoylin in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It is within the Newry and Mourne District Council area. In the 2011 Census it had a recorded population of 112. The local GAA club is Silverbridge Harps GFC, which plays football at Senior level in county competitions. The area was historically called Belanargit (from Béal Átha an Airgid meaning "ford mouth of the silver").

## History

Silverbridge, along with the rest of South Armagh, would have been transferred to the Irish Free State had the recommendations of the Irish Boundary Commission been enacted in 1925.
On 19 December 1975, during The Troubles, an Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) attack on Donnelly's Bar & Filling Station resulted in the deaths of Trevor Bracknell, Patrick Donnelly, and Michael Donnelly.
# Treasure Hunters: Peril at the Top of the World

Treasure Hunters: Peril at the Top of the World is a young adult children's literature adventure fiction book written by James Patterson with Chris Grabenstein. It is the fourth book in the Treasure Hunters series and the sequel to Treasure Hunters: Secret of the Forbidden City. It was published in 2016.
# Vartiania zaratustra

Vartiania zaratustra is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Iran, Iraq and Oman.
# 8-3-1

"8-3-1" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 2001 album, Face Up. It was written by Stansfield, her husband Ian Devaney, Richard Darbyshire from the 80's band Living in a Box and British singer Charlotte. "8-3-1" was produced by Devaney and received favorable reviews from music critics who called it the best track on the album and also the set's most obvious hit, the breezy, disco-laced anthem.
The numbers come from the chorus, which goes: "8 letters, 3 words, 1 meaning," referring to the phrase "I love you" and the song also starts off with a classic cinema line from Audrey Hepburn, "Oh I love you." Arista Records created CD singles for "8-3-1" and set the European release date for 17 September 2001. However, the single which included previously unreleased track "Can't Wait to," was withdrawn at the last minute.
In 2003, "8-3-1" (David Morales Club Mix Long Intro) was included on the 2CD limited European edition of Biography: The Greatest Hits. Stansfield also performed "8-3-1" during her 2002 concert at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club which was released on DVD, Live at Ronnie Scott's in 2005. In 2014, three previously unreleased remixes by David Morales were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of Face Up. Remixes of "8-3-1" and "Can't Wait To" were also released on The Collection 1989–2003 in 2014.

## Track listings

UK CD single
* "8-3-1" (Radio Edit) – 3:29
* "Can't Wait To" – 4:25
* "Change" (Live) – 5:38
European CD maxi-single
* "8-3-1" (Radio Edit) – 3:29
* "8-3-1" (Album Version) – 4:29
* "8-3-1" (Ian Devaney Remix) – 6:02
* "Can't Wait To" – 4:25
* "Change" (Live) – 5:38
2010 UK 7" single
* "Eight Three One" – 3:42
Other remixes
* "8-3-1" (David Morales Club Mix Long Intro) – 8:28
* "8-3-1" (Morales Alternative Club Mix) – 9:34
* "8-3-1" (Morales Dub) – 8:12
* "8-3-1" (Morales Radio Mix) – 3:23
# Agona District

Agona District is a former district that was located in Central Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988. However on 29 February 2008, it was split off into two new districts: Agona West District (which was elevated to municipal district assembly status on that same year; capital: Agona Swedru) and Agona East District (capital: Nsaba). The district assembly was located in the northeast part of Central Region and had Agona Swedru as its capital town.

## Sources

* "Agona District". Statoids.
* District: Agona District