OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Indole 2,3-dioxygenase

In enzymology, an indole 2,3-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    indole + O$_2$ $\rightleftharpoons$ 2-formylaminobenzaldehyde
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are indole and O$_2$, whereas its product is 2-formylaminobenzaldehyde.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O$_2$ as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O$_2$. The systematic name of this enzyme class is indole:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). Other names in common use include indole oxidase, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ambiguous), indole:O2 oxidoreductase, indole-oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing), and IDO (ambiguous). This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism. It has 3 cofactors: copper, Flavin, and Flavoprotein.
Indole dioxygenase is not specific to indole but rather operates on a broad range of indole derivatives, including the amino acids tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), and many indole-analog plant phytochemicals. IDO is a peripheral enzyme, in contrast to tryptophan oxidase, an enzyme of similar amino acid sequence, which is active only in the liver. IDO is induced (produced on demand) by activation of inflammatory processes involving cytokine expression by white blood cells.
# Mount Kumami

Mount Kumami (熊見山, Kumami-yama) is located in the Hidaka Mountains, Hokkaidō, Japan.
# Ross E. Paulson

Ross Evans Paulson was an American historian. He was born in 1935 and died in 2011.
He taught at Augustana College from 1962 to 1995, and was professor emeritus. His papers are held at Augustana College Library.

## Awards

* 1967 Frederick Jackson Turner Award

## Works

* Radicalism and Reform: The Vrooman Family and American Social Thought, 1837-1937. University Press of Kentucky. 1968. ISBN 978-0-8131-1156-8.
* Women's suffrage and prohibition: a comparative study of equality and social control. Scott, Foresman. 1973. ISBN 978-0-673-05982-6.
* Language, Science, and Action: Korzybski's General Semantics ― A Study in Comparative Intellectual History, 1837-1937. Greenwood Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0-3132-3732-4.
* Liberty, equality, and justice: civil rights, women's rights, and the regulation of business, 1865-1932. Duke University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-8223-1991-7. Ross Paulson.

### Criticism

* "Review: The Myth of the Lost Cause", The American Historical Review
# Stephen N. Shulman

Stephen Neal Shulman (April 6, 1933 – January 22, 2011) was an American attorney known for representing Egil Krogh during the Watergate scandal. He also served as General Counsel of the Air Force in from 1965 to 1966 and Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission from 1966 to 1967.

## Early life and education

Stephen Neal Shulman was born April 6, 1933, in New Haven, Connecticut. His father was Harry Shulman, a Jewish immigrant from the Russian Empire who served as a professor and eventual dean at Yale Law School. Stephen Shulman earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard College, graduating in 1954. After college, he worked in labor relations at Bendix Aviation. He then attended Yale Law School, where he was editor-in-chief of the Yale Law Journal and earned his LL.B. in 1958.

## Career

After law school, Shulman spent 1958 and 1959 as the law clerk of John Marshall Harlan, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. After completing his clerkship, he became an associate attorney at Covington & Burling in Washington, D.C. In May 1960, he became Assistant United States Attorney for the District of Columbia.
In February 1961, Shulman became the executive assistant of United States Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg. During this time, he served for a time as Vice Chairman of the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity. The next year, he became Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Civilian Personnel and Industrial Relations. In 1964, civil rights was added to his responsibilities. In 1965, President of the United States Lyndon Johnson named Shulman General Counsel of the Air Force. In 1966, President Johnson named Shulman the second Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, an office he held from September 14, 1966, until July 1, 1967.
Upon leaving government service in 1967, Shulman founded his own law firm, Kane, Shulman and Schlei. On January 1, 1971, this firm was merged into the firm of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft. During the Watergate scandal, Shulman represented Egil Krogh, head of the White House Plumbers. Krogh later told Bob Woodward that Shulman was "instrumental in helping me determine that what I had done was not only illegal but morally wrong." Shulman convinced the United States Department of Justice to enter into a plea bargain with Krogh in 1973. After the Krogh case, Shulman's career focused on tax and employment litigation. In the 1980s, he represented the country of Guinea in a long-running international arbitration case. Shulman also became managing partner of Cadwalader's Washington, D.C. office, holding the position until his retirement in the late-1990s.

## Personal life

Shulman and his wife, Sandra (née Still) had three sons. Shulman died of cancer at Georgetown University Hospital on January 22, 2011. He was 77 years old.
# Maria Luisa cake

Torta Maria Luisa is a dessert found in Salvadoran cuisine. It is a type of layer cake, similar to the English Victoria sponge cake.
# Missal of Arbuthnott

The Arbuthnott Missal is the only extant missal (liturgical book) of the Scottish Use. It won a prestigious top award in the British Library's Hidden Treasures competition 2007.
James Sibbald, priest of Arbuthnott, Scotland, wrote it in 1491 on vellum in Gothic characters with illuminations. It corresponds closely with the typical edition of 1498 of the Sarum Missal. After the Reformation, the missal became the property of the Arbuthnott family, in whose possession it remained until 1897, when it was purchased by Archibald Coats of Paisley, who presented it to the town museum.
It was edited under the title Liber Ecclesie Beati Terrenani de Arbuthnott: Missale secundum usum Ecclesiæ Sancti Andreæ in Scotia by Alexander Penrose Forbes, Bishop of Brechin and published in 1864 by his brother George Hay Forbes at the Pitsligo Press, Burntisland.
# The Cemetery of the Eagles

The Cemetery of the Eagles (Spanish:El cementerio de las águilas) is a 1939 Mexican historical war film directed by Luis Lezama and starring Jorge Negrete, Margarita Mora and José Macip. It is set during the Mexican–American War of the 1840s. The film's sets were designed by José Rodríguez Granada. The battles of Churubusco and Chapultepec were recreated. It premiered on 1 September 1939, the same day as the Second World War broke out in Europe. The film's overtly patriotic theme proved very popular at the Mexican box office.

## Cast

* Jorge Negrete as Miguel de la Peña
* Margarita Mora as Mercedes de Zúñiga y Miranda
* José Macip as Agustín Melgar
* Silvia Cardell as Ana María de Zúñiga y Miranda
* Alfonso Ruiz Gómez as Rafael Alfaro
* José Ortiz de Zárate as Don Pedro de Zúñiga y Miranda
* Lolo Trillo as Doña Nieves de Zúñiga y Miranda
* Pepe Martínez as Luis Manuel Martínez de Castro
* Miguel Wimer as General Nicolás Bravo
* Ricardo Mondragón as Gral. Monterde
* Adela Jaloma as Elvira
* Miguel Inclán as Gral. Pedro Ma. Anaya
* Manuel Pozos as Jose Ma. Alfaro
* Víctor Velázquez as Juan de la Barrera
* Carlos Mora as Vicente Suárez
* Ricardo Adalid as Juan Escutia
* Paco Castellanos as Francisco Márquez
* Manolo Fábregas as Fernando Montes de Oca
* Crox Alvarado as Capt. Alemán
* Carlos López Aldama as Gen. Santa Ana
* Julio Ahuet as Invitado al baile
* Rafael Baledón as Invitado al baile
* Manuel Dondé as Sirviente
* Tito Junco as Soldado
* Víctor Junco as Soldado
* Paco Martínez as Rejón, el diputado
* Rubén Márquez as Invitado al baile
* Guillermo Rivas
* José Ignacio Rocha as Severiano, cochero
# Tantamayo District

Tantamayo (from Quechua Tanta Mayu) is one of eleven districts of the Huamalíes Province in Peru.

## Geography

One of the highest peaks of the district is Hatun Kancha at approximately 4,400 m (14,400 ft). Other mountains are listed below:
* Chawpi Hirka
* Kiswar
* Maman Punta
* Pinqullu
* Susupillu
* Wak'a Rumi Punta
* Wiñaq

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (72.93%) learnt to speak in childhood, 26.47% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).

## Archaeology

Some of the most important archaeological sites of the district are Anku, Isuq, Phiruru, Susupillu and Wanqaran.
# Sualkuchi Budram Madhab Satradhikar College

Sualkuchi Budram Madhab Satradhikar College, established in 1963, is a general degree college situated in Sualkuchi, Assam. This college is affiliated with the Gauhati University.

## Departments
### Science

* Physics
* Mathematics
* Chemistry
* Computer Science
* Botany
* Zoology

### Arts and Commerce

* Assamese
* English
* Sanskrit
* History
* Education
* Economics
* Philosophy
* Political Science
# Niy

Niy or niy can refer to:
* Ngiti language, a language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, by ISO 639-3 code
* Niya Kingdom (also spelled "Niy"), an ancient kingdom in Syria mentioned around the 14th century BCE
* NiY, one of the nickel compounds in chemistry
* Niy, a place where ancient Egyptian pharaoh Thutmose I was said to have gone elephant hunting
# Ontario Highway 17A

King's Highway 17A, commonly referred to as Highway 17A or as the Kenora By-Pass, is an alternate route of Highway 17 around the city of Kenora, in the Canadian province of Ontario. It was built along a former Canadian Pacific Railway right-of-way, and has two westbound passing lanes in separate parts, and one eastbound passing lane.

## Route description

Although it is not an official part of the Trans-Canada Highway, Highway 17A is designated as the through route when travelling into Kenora on the Trans-Canada. The road also provides access to Kenora Airport, but otherwise avoids the built-up areas of the city. The highway passes through a heavily forested area dominated by large granite rock outcroppings, geography typical of the Canadian Shield. On an average day approximately 3,200–5,200 vehicles travel along the road, varying by season.

## History

Construction of Highway 17A began in 1981 in response to traffic congestion within the city of Kenora, which created a severe bottleneck for cross-national traffic. The bypass opened in stages as it was constructed from west to east. The first 8.4 kilometres (5.2 mi), from Highway 17 to Highway 596 opened in September 1983. Following this, contracts were tendered for construction of the Winnipeg River bridge. The section between Highway 596 and Highway 658 opened several years later in the autumn of 1988. The final section, linking Highway 658 with Highway 17, was opened on November 16, 1990, at which point the Kenora Bypass was designated Highway 17A.

## Major intersections

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 17A, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. The entire route is located in Kenora District.
| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Unorganized Kenora | 0.0 | 0.0 | Highway 17 / TCH – Kenora, Winnipeg | Through traffic follows Highway 17 west |
| Unorganized Kenora | 7.0 | 4.3 | Highway 596 north – Minaki Darlington Drive | |
| Kenora | 12.5 | 7.8 | Winnipeg River Bridge | Winnipeg River Bridge |
| Kenora | 14.8 | 9.2 | Highway 658 north (Redditt Road) – Redditt | |
| Kenora | 21.0 | 13.0 | East Melick Road | Formerly Highway 659 north |
| Kenora | 25.3 | 15.7 | Highway 671 north (Jones Road) – Jones | |
| Unorganized Kenora | 33.3 | 20.7 | Highway 17 / TCH – Kenora, Thunder Bay | Through traffic follows Highway 17 east |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Mount Kumotori

Mount Kumotori (雲取山, Kumotori-san) stands at the boundary of Tokyo, Saitama, and Yamanashi Prefectures on the island of Honshū, Japan. With an elevation of 2,017 metres (6,617 ft), its summit is the highest point in Tokyo. It separates the Okutama Mountains and the Okuchichibu Mountains. While it marks the end of the Ishione (石尾根) mountain ridge that begins near the JR Oku-Tama Station, the highest mountain ridge in Tokyo, its remote location amongst a group of mountains from both mountain ranges makes access difficult.
Kumotori-san features an "emergency" hut sometimes used by hikers as overnight shelter. Hikers not used to the altitude (if coming from Tokyo) may prefer overnighting at a lower elevation. The top of Kumotori-san, in good weather, offers a splendid view of Mount Fuji.
The prominence of the mountain in the region resulted in its summit being established as a fixed first-class triangulation point. As the triangulation point was established in December 1882, this was also one of the earliest ones established in Japan.
Kumotori is one of the 100 Famous Mountains of Japan.
# Route nationale 15

The N 15 was a trunk road (Route Nationale) in France.

## Route

The RN 15 links the A13 to Le Havre via Rouen and Yvetot.
The RN 15 originates at junction 14 on the A13 autoroute in the Yvelines département near Bonnières-sur-Seine. The road's first few kilometres are notoriously dangerous as the road is a continuous decline towards the river Seine from the A13 autoroute to the RN 13.
After crossing the RN 13, the RN 15 follows the Seine towards Vernon. The RN 15 straightens and leaves the river, passing the town of Gaillon. The road runs parallel to the A13 autoroute and passes through the Forêt de Louviers heading North and over the river at Pont-de-l'Arche onto the right bank of the Seine.
The road follows the river bank overlooked by surrounding cliffs including the Roches de Saint-Adrien. The road meets the Route nationale 14 and enters the capital of Normandy, Rouen.
The N15 heads Northwest from the city centre and towards Yvetot. It enters the town of Yvetot to continue westwards. The road passes near the town of Bolbec, passes the A29 autoroute, Harfleur and enters Le Havre, ending at the city town hall.

## History

The N 15 was numbered N 13$^{BIS}$ from the 1950s until the end of the 1970s reclassification scheme. The RN 13$^{BIS}$ replaced the RN 182 (between Bonnières-sur-Seine and Rouen) and the RN 14 (between Rouen and Le Havre). Until 1972, the RN 15 was going from Pontoise to Dieppe; this road has been changed in RD 915 except in the Eure where it is called RD 15$^{BIS}$. In 2006, the RN 15 has also been changed in a départementale and is now numbered RD 6015 in the Eure and Seine-Maritime départements and D 915 in the Yvelines. Nowadays, the RN 15 is limited to the crossing of Rouen.
# Nuntiella angustiptera

Nuntiella angustiptera is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Guangxi and Yunnan, China.
# The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery is a biweekly peer reviewed medical journal in the field of orthopedic surgery. It is published by the non-profit corporation The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. It was established as the Transactions of the American Orthopedic Association in 1889, published by the American Orthopedic Association. In 1903, volume 16 of the Transactions became the first volume of the American Journal of Orthopedic Surgery, which was renamed Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery in 1919 and also became the official journal of the British Orthopaedic Association. The journal obtained its current name in 1921. As of 2016, it had a Journal Citation Reports impact factor of 4.8 and ranking of 10/197 (surgery), 2/76 (orthopedics).
The journal became the organ of the newly founded American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons in 1933. A British volume was established in 1948, using the name under license from the American volume. In 1954, the American journal incorporated itself as a non-profit organization. The British volume was published by The British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery, a registered charity in the United Kingdom. The American and British volumes were completely independent of each other, and had completely different content. The British volume was renamed The Bone & Joint Journal in 2013.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Biological Abstracts
* Chemical Abstracts
* Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
* Energy Citations Database
* Embase
* Index Medicus
* PubMed

## Societies

The journal is the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and is affiliated with the American Orthopaedic Association, Eastern Orthopaedic Association, Mid-America Orthopaedic Association, and the Western Orthopaedic Association. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, British volume (now titled The Bone and Joint Journal) was the official journal of the Australian Orthopaedic Association, British Orthopaedic Association, British Orthopaedic Research Society, Canadian Orthopaedic Association, Canadian Orthopaedic Research Society, European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, European Orthopaedic Research Society, Irish Orthopaedic Association, New Zealand Orthopaedic Association, and the South African Orthopaedic Association.
# Miroslav Stach

Miroslav Stach is a Czechoslovak retired slalom canoeist who competed in the 1960s. He won six medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold (C-2: 1967), four silvers (C-2: 1961; C-2 team: 1961, 1967, 1969) and a bronze (C-2: 1969).
# FE-10

FE-10 may refer to:
* FE-10 (Mexico City Metro), a steel-wheeled variant of the rolling stock used on the Mexico City Metro.
* Nikon FE10, a 35 mm film camera.
# Tantanierta

Tantanierta is a village in the Kara Region of northern Togo. Nearby towns and villages include Mandou (1.0 nm), Pamou (1.0 nm), Soute (1.4 nm), Kpasside (4.0 nm) Adjaite(2.2 nm), Kandé (3.7 nm), Tapouta (1.0 nm) and Anatoa (1.4 nm).
# Okyereko

Okyereko is a town near Winneba Junction in the Gomoa East District in the Central Region of Ghana. It is located along the Kasoa-Winneba road on the Cape Coast-Accra Highway.
# Horace Smith

Horace Smith may refer to:
* Horace Smith (poet) (1779–1849), English poet and novelist
* Horace Smith (inventor) (1808–1893), co-founder of Smith & Wesson
* Horace B. Smith (1826–1888), U.S. Representative from New York
* Horace Smith (New Brunswick politician) (1914–2001), Canadian politician
* Horace H. Smith (1905–1976), American diplomat
* Horace Percy Smith (1858–1928), British chartered accountant in Hong Kong
* Horace Smith (Australian cricketer) (1892–1977), Australian cricketer
* Dennis Smith (New Zealand cricketer) (Horace Dennis Smith, 1913–1986), New Zealand cricketer
* Horace Smith (footballer) (1908–1975), footballer for Coventry City and Nottingham Forest
# The Very Best of Richard Clapton

The Very Best of Richard Clapton is the second greatest hits album by Australian rock musician Richard Clapton. The album was released in March 1982 and peaked at number 18 on the Kent Music Report Albums Chart.

## Background and release

From 1973-1980, Clapton released six studio albums with Infinity /Festival before signing with WEA for the release of The Great Escape which was released in February 1982 and peaked at number 8 and scored Clapton his second top twenty single "I Am an Island". As a result, Infinity/Festival released another greatest hits collection.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Richard Clapton

## Charts

| Chart (1982) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report) | 18 |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Label | Format | Catalogue |
| Australia | March 1982 | Infinity Records / Festival Records | LP | L-37674 |
| Australia | April 1989 | Infinity | CD, Cassette | D 37674 / C 37674 |
# Marie Wegener

Marie Wegener (born 6 July 2001) is a German singer who won the 15th season of Deutschland sucht den Superstar (the German version of Pop Idol and American Idol). She is the youngest winner of the show, the second minor to win, and its fourth female winner. Her winning song "Königlich" was produced by Dieter Bohlen.
Wegener is a former student of the Steinbart-Gymnasium in Duisburg.
In 2013, she took part in the first season of the German version of The Voice Kids, but lost during the Battle Round to Michèle Birner, who went on to win the show.
In 2024, Wegener was one of four artists competing in a special selection for the final of Una voce per San Marino 2024, the Sammarinese national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, with the song "Dare to Dream".

## Songs performed on Deutschland sucht den Superstar

| Level | Song | Original performer | Percentage of calls |
| Audition | "I Have Nothing" | Whitney Houston | No televoting |
| Germany recall (Top 120) | "Liebe ist alles" with Janina El Arguioui, Anna-Katharina Stemler, and Anastasiia Udod | Rosenstolz | No televoting |
| South Africa recall (Top 24) | "Leiser" with Janina El Arguioui and Mia Gucek | LEA | No televoting |
| South Africa recall (Top 18) | "Against All Odds" with Giulio Arancio | Mariah Carey featuring Westlife | No televoting |
| South Africa recall (Top 16) | "Für dich" with Ella Sailer | Yvonne Catterfeld | No televoting |
| First live show (Top 10) | "Er gehört zu mir" | Marianne Rosenberg | 24.27% (first) |
| Second live show (Top 8) | "My Heart Will Go On" | Céline Dion | 39.34% (first) |
| Third live show (Top 6) | "Naked" | James Arthur | 48.44% (first) |
| Third live show (Top 6) | "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)" | Whitney Houston | 48.44% (first) |
| Fourth live show (Top 4) | "Break Free" | Ariana Grande featuring Zedd | 64.62% (first) |
| Fourth live show (Top 4) | "Königlich" | Marie Wegener | 64.62% (first) |

## Discography
### Albums

* 2018 – Königlich
* 2019 – Countdown

### Singles

* 2013 – "Christmas Morning"
* 2017 – "Ich wohne in deinem Herzen"
* 2018 – "Königlich"
# Tousias Botsaris

Tousias Botsaris (1792–1827), was a Souliot commander and fighter of the Greek War of Independence. He was the cousin of Markos Botsaris and the grandson of Giorgis Botsaris. He took part in many battles and enjoyed the admiration of Philhellenes.

## Life

Tousias was born in Souli in 1792, two months after the death of his father whom he was named after. He distinguished himself in all cases of involvement of the Souliotes. Later in his life, he became deputy leader of the corps of Souliots commanded by his cousin Markos Botsaris. He fought with him both in the defense of Souli and in Western Greece as well as at the Battle of Karpenisi. He was the leader of the Legislative Corps in Nafplio.
He also took part in the siege of Messolonghi where he excelled in the battles fought there. Later he followed Georgios Karaiskakis to Nafplio and from there to his campaign in Attica where he finally fell fighting in Phaleron on April 22, 1827.
He was admired by general Richard Church and admiral Lord Thomas Cochrane.
It was ordered that his body be buried with honours next to Karaiskakis in Salamis.