OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tudor Crisps

Tudor Crisps was a brand of potato crisps produced by Tudor Food Products. The business was started in Sunderland during 1947, and it supplied crisps to the North East of England and Scotland regions, claiming two thirds of the market in these regions. The company was purchased by Smiths Crisps in 1960. The brand continued under the ownership of Smith's by General Mills, Associated Biscuits and Nabisco, but was ended after PepsiCo purchased Smith's in 1989, and concentrated on the Walkers brand.

## History

By the mid-1950s, had opened a further factory in Sandyford, Newcastle upon Tyne and were planning a new 80,000 square feet factory at Peterlee in County Durham at the cost of £250,000. Tudor was acquired by the United Kingdom's biggest crisp manufacturer Smiths Crisps in 1960 for £1 million, with Smith's particularly keen on the new Peterlee factory and its modern US built machines that could produce 250 tons of crisps a week on one shift. Tudor was used by Smith's to trial new products, with Salt & Vinegar flavour being launched by Tudor before being introduced by Smith's to their own brand in 1966, and nationally in 1967. Other trials followed, including a meat flavoured crisp called Tudor-Ox in 1963; Chopstix, a potato stick flavoured with Eastern spices in 1964; Tags, a rice based smile shaped snack in 1968 and Mint sauce flavoured crisps. In 1966, parent company Smith's was purchased by American food manufacturer General Mills and a year later work was started on expanding the factory at Peterlee at a cost of £750,000.
The 1970s television advertisements featured a paper boy, bribed with a ‘canny bag of crisps’ to brave delivering his papers to a tall tower block (in reality Derwent Tower, Dunston, Tyne and Wear). In the 1980s, the ads gave cult status to their star, Allen Mechen, who played the adult paperboy who returned as an apparently successful and wealthy man, driving a Rolls-Royce car and eating a bag of Tudor Crisps. The twist in the tale was when he donned a chauffeur's cap in the finale.
In 1978, Smith's was sold by its parent company, General Mills to the British biscuit giant Associated Biscuits. Associated Biscuits was purchased by Nabisco in 1982, bringing Smith's under the same ownership as rival Walkers. The company announced a multimillion-pound development programme at Peterlee in the same year. In 1988, RJR Nabisco was purchased in a leverage buyout by Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co, and to reduce debt several business were sold to French conglomerate BSN, who quickly sold on Smith's and Walkers to PepsiCo in 1989. The Tudor Crisps brand was discontinued in 2003, when Walkers decided to focus on its core crisp range. The Peterlee factory stayed open until December 2017 when Walkers closed the facility citing productivity and efficiency savings with production moved to other UK facilities. The factory was purchased by Heather Mills in 2018, and in 2022 reopened as the home of vegan snack business VBites.

## Products

* Crisps including flavours like Gammon, Pickled Onion, Spring Onion
* Flips - savory potato snacks
* Savoury Straws
* Special Edition Crisps - chocolate flavour
# Ubi pus, ibi evacua

Ubi pus, ibi evacua is a Latin aphorism or adage, often cited in medicine, meaning "where [there is] pus, there evacuate [it]". It refers to what clinicians should do when there is a collection of pus in the body; that is, to create an opening for it to evacuate. A contemporary expression of the same sentiment is also used: "if there's pus about, let it out".
Examples include what an otorhinolaryngologist will often do in case of a child with chronic recurring otitis media: Insert a grommet in the eardrum to help evacuate the excess fluid within. Antibiotics often have difficulties getting into an abscess, and do not work well because of a low pH; evacuation through a drainage-channel, on the other hand, will remove a large number of bacteria and thus greatly aid the resolution of the infection.
# Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party

The Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party (abbreviated UP RSP) was a left-wing political party in Uttar Pradesh, India 1951–1952. It held one seat in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. The party ended up merging with the Communist Party of India.

## Split in RSP

The party was formed after a split in the Revolutionary Socialist Party. As of 1950, under the leadership of Jharkhande Rai, the Uttar Pradesh state unit of RSP had become pro-communist. In 1951 the national leadership of RSP declared the entire Uttar Pradesh branch expelled and its State Committee dissolved. The group of Rai then set up UP RSP as a separate party. The influence of the party was limited to a few pockets.

## 1951–52 elections

The party contested the elections in 1951 and 1952. It was awarded 'bow and arrow' as its election symbol. During the election campaign, UP RSP worked in alliance with the Communist Party of India and the Bolshevik Party of India.
In the 1951–52 Lok Sabha election the party contested two seats; Kunwar Maharaj Singh stood as the candidate in the Bahraich District (East) constituency and Lakshmi Shanker in the Ballia District South (West) constituency. Singh obtained 7,064 votes (7.36% of the votes in the constituency) whilst Shanker got 13,601 votes (11.61%). All in all, UP RSP got 0.12% of the votes in the state (and 0.02% of the votes nationwide). The party launched nine candidates in the 1951 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. One candidate, Jharkhande Rai, won a seat. Rai won the Ghosi West seat, with 15,524 votes (47.95%). Two UP RSP candidates finished second in their respective seats; Udal got 7,587 votes (20.50%) in Banaras West and Kapildeo Singh got 8,267 votes (24.98%) in Rasra West. All other UP RSP candidates lost their deposits. In total the UP RSP candidates got 57,284 votes (0.34% of the votes in the state). The average percentage of votes of the UP RSP candidates in the constituencies contested stood at 14.32%.

## Merger with CPI

UP RSP merged with the Communist Party of India in 1952. The merger was formalized at a party conference in Mau, held 28–30 November 1952. Through the merger with UP RSP, the Communist Party obtained representation in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
# Sybra baculina

Sybra baculina is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1866. It contains seven subspecies:
* S. baculina baculina
* S. baculina mimogeminata
* S. baculina miyakoana
* S. baculina musashinoi
* S. baculina nipponensis
* S. baculina omoro
* S. baculina oshimana
# George Jerram

George Henry William Jerram (15 August 1904 – 20 May 1948) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong and North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL), and with Williamstown in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).

## Football

Jerrem, a utility, was used as a half forward flanker, back pocket and in the ruck during his career.

### Geelong (VFL)

An interstate player in just his second season, Jerram represented the VFL in the 1927 Melbourne Carnival. He also finished equal sixth in the Brownlow Medal that year, after a good season with Geelong.

### North Melbourne (VFL)

In 1930 he switched to North Melbourne and didn't miss a game in his first two seasons. He made his last appearance with North Melbourne in 1935.
In 144 VFL games, Jerram was never reported by the umpires and off the field worked as a policeman. After leaving the police force, Jerram became a boiler attendant.

### Wiliamstown (VFA)

In 1936, he transferred to Williamstown, who he captain-coached in 1938, and played in 45 games over three seasons (1936-1938). He was vice-captain in 1936 and 1937 under the captain-coaching of former North Melbourne teammate, Neville Huggins, before taking over the role the following season.

## Death

He died in 1948, from a fractured skull as well as other injuries sustained when he fell on a South Melbourne footpath. Accounts of how he fell varied, with the inquest having an open finding, unable to determine whether it was accidental or as a result of an alleged brawl.
# Starred wood quail

The starred wood quail (Odontophorus stellatus) is a species of bird in the family Odontophoridae (New World quail). It is found in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests of Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.

## Description

The starred wood quail is between about 24 and 28 cm (9.4 and 11.0 in) long, males being slightly larger than females. The bill is blackish, the irises brown and the legs grey, and the long feathers on the back of the head form a pronounced crest, reddish-brown in the male and brownish-black in the female. Other than this, the sexes are very similar in appearance; the front of the crown is dark brown and the rest of the head, neck, throat and mantle is grey. The general colour of the upper parts is olive-brown, marked with darker vermiculations, paler on the rump and darker on the wings and scapulars, with large black markings on the flight feathers and pale speckling on the wing coverts. The underparts are reddish-brown with white speckling on the sides of the breast and dark barring near the vent. The juvenile is similar but has an orange or reddish bill.

## Ecology

A retiring and elusive bird, its presence in an area is disclosed by its distinctive two-syllable call, korkorralo, korkorralo, korkorralo, which it utters repeatedly at dusk. The birds form coveys of five to eight and cross open ground in single file, keeping close to dense cover into which they can run if disturbed. They forage through the leaf litter for invertebrates and fruits. Little is known about their breeding habits.

## Distribution

The species is native to eastern Ecuador, much of Peru, western Brazil and northern Bolivia. It is typically found in moist lowland forests, including terre firme forests, flooding areas and transitional areas, below about 1,050 m (3,445 ft) (lower in Ecuador).

## Status

O. stellatus has a very wide distribution and is common in at least part of its range. The total population is thought to be declining but not at a sufficiently fast rate as to warrant putting the bird in a threatened category, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".
# Tera Fort

Tera Fort is one of the many forts of Kutch, Gujarat, India. It is situated in southwestern Kutch near the village of Tera in Abdasa Taluka.

## Location

Tera Fort lies eighty-five kilometres west of the town of Bhuj. It dominates the plains of Kutch from its position on the banks of Tretara (Three lakes) namely Chattasar, Sumerasar and Chatasar.

## History

Tera Fort was built by one of the Jadeja Chiefs, who was given the estate of Tera during the reign of Deshalji I (1718-1741).
Tera Fort was badly damaged in a war that was fought during the reign of Maharao Lakhpatji (ruled 1741-1760). Sumraji Thakore of Tera, the chief of Tera Estate, spoke badly of the Rao of Kutch. Lakhpatji sent an army to Tera, to subdue the revolt. For the first time in history of Kutch, artillery power was used in war. This artillery was set up by the famous Ram Singh Malam. The cannon power destroyed most of the fort. The war ended after three months of siege, when Sumraji surrendered and gave a formal apology for his remarks.
The walls of the fort was damaged in 1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake which were repaired later.
The fort is now one of the tourist attractions of the Kutch.
# Square knot

A square knot is another name for a reef knot.
Square knot may also refer to:
* Square knot, a particular use of a reef knot formed over two other strands, used in macramé
* Square knot, another name for a cross knot in Chinese knotting
* Square knot (mathematics), a composite knot obtained by taking the connected sum of a trefoil knot with its reflection
* Square knot insignia, embroidered cloth patches that represent awards of the Boy Scouts of America and Scout associations throughout the world
# Tsuribaka Nisshi 6

Tsuribaka Nisshi 6 (釣りバカ日誌6, Tsuribaka Nisshi 6) is a 1993 Japanese film directed by Tomio Kuriyama.

## Awards

17th Japan Academy Prize
* Won: Best Actor - Toshiyuki Nishida
* Nominated: Best Actor - Rentarō Mikuni
# Mupliyam

Mupliyam is a small village near Pudukkad town in Thrissur district of Kerala state, south India. It is located 9 km away from NH 544 from Pudukad which is 13 km from Thrissur town. Mupliyam comes under Chalakudy Taluk and Varandarappilly Panchayath. The river which passes through Mupliyam becomes Kurumali river (Mupliyam river). Muniyattukunnu of Mupliyam is famous for its dolmens, which were declared as protected monument as per Government proceeding. Only one dolmen stands intact at Muniyattukunnu. The rest have been destroyed by quarrying in the area. India.

## Schools

* Govt Higher Secondary School
* Vimal Jyothy Central School

## Churches

* Assumption Church, Mupliyam
* Little Flower Church, Vellarampadam.

## Temples

* Madapplilli Kaavu Temple
* Muthumala Sree Subramanya Swami Temple
* Panchamoorthy temple
* Kalleli Sree Dharma Sastha temple, Pidikkaparambu
* Mahavishnu temple, Pidikkaparamb

## Bank

* South Indian Bank, Mupliyam
* Inchakundu Service Cooperative Bank

## Government Offices

* Village Office Mupliyam.
* Post Office Mupliyam

## Primary Health Centers

* Mupliyam Government Primary Health center.
* Mupliyam Government Homeo Dispensary.
# Uttar Pradesh Recovery of Damages to Public and Private Property Ordinance, 2020

The Uttar Pradesh Recovery of Damages to Public and Private Property Act, 2020 (Hindi: Lok Tatha Niji Sampatti Kashti Vsooli Adhyadesh, 2020) is a law in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh that was promulgated by the state governor, Anandiben Patel, on 15 March 2020. It was passed by the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly on 22 August 2020.
The Act aims at "recovery of damage to public or private property during hartal, bandhs, riots, protests etc through those accused through claim tribunals with no judicial review by any other court. Deviating from the normal legal process in India wherein the burden of proof lies on the accuser (Investigating Agencies), this ordinance expects the accused to present evidence of innocence from alleged crimes, on account of simply them being named as accused. The Supreme Court of India had said in 2007 that a "strong law" was needed to deal with the damage to property during political protests. Following the CAA protests in UP, the state government has been finding ways to clamp down on the protesters and recover damages to public property.
It has been challenged in Allahabad High Court.
# Sybra basicristata

Sybra basicristata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1939.
# George Southcote (died 1589)

George Southcote MP of Calverleigh (1533–1589) was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Lostwithiel in April 1554 and Tavistock in 1558, it is strongly believed that he was made member of parliament for Tavistock due to his brothers great friendship and association with the 2nd Earl of Bedford, the lord of the borough.
His daughter, Margaret Southcott, married John Davie (1541/2-1611/2) of Exeter, Crediton and Creedy. George had two grandchildren by the marriage a son and heir Sir John Davie, 1st Baronet (died 1654) and a daughter Margaret Davie, wife of Gideon Haydon of Cadhay, Epford and Woodbury.
# List of chief mechanical engineers of the Great Western Railway
## Great Western Railway

Engineer to the Great Western Railway
* Isambard Kingdom Brunel (1833-1837)
Locomotive Superintendent
* Daniel Gooch (1837–1864)
* Joseph Armstrong (1864–1877)
* William Dean (1877–1902)
* George Jackson Churchward (1902–1915)
Chief Mechanical Engineer
* George Jackson Churchward (1915–1921)
* Charles Collett (1922–1941)
* Frederick Hawksworth (1941–1947)
Northern Division Locomotive Superintendent
* Joseph Armstrong (1854–1864)
* George Armstrong (1864–1892)

## British Railways (Western Region)

Mechanical and Electrical Engineer
* Kenneth J Cook (1950–1951)
* Robert A Smeddle (1951–?)

## Constituent companies
### Birkenhead Railway

* John Dixon
* T A Yarrow
* Rendell
* William Bragge
* George Douglas (1851–1860)

### Bristol and Exeter Railway

* Charles Gregory (1849–1850) (Chief Engineer)
* James Pearson (1850–1875)

### Cornwall Minerals Railway

* Miles Constatine

### Llanelly Railway

* Joseph Hepburn
* Robert Hepburn

### Llynvi and Ogmore Railway

* J Routledge

### Monmouthshire Railway

* W Craig (1849–1854)
* R Laybourne (1854–1868)
* H Appleby (1868–1875)

### Rhymney Railway

* Thomas Clements (1858–1862)
* Matthew Mordue (1862–1863)
* John Kendall (1863–1869)
* John Canty (1869–1884)
* Richard Jenkins (1884–1906)
* Charles T. Hurry Riches (1906-1922)

### Shrewsbury and Birmingham Railway

* William Marlow (1849–1853)
* Edmund Petre
* Joseph Armstrong

### Shrewsbury and Chester Railway

* A M Ross (Engineer)
* Thomas Truss (Carriage Superintendent)
* Edward Jeffreys
* Joseph Armstrong (1853–1854)

### South Devon Railway;

* Frederick Gooch (1850–1864)
* Joseph Wright (1864–1876)

### Taff Vale Railway

* B. S. Fisher (1869–1873)
* Tom Hurry Riches (1873-1911)
* John Cameron (1911–1922)

### Vale of Neath Railway

* Joshua Williams (1851–1865) (General Manager)

### West Cornwall Railway

* Skater
* H Appleby
* Joseph Wright (South Devon Railway Locomotive Superintendent)

### West Midland Railway

* Edward Wilson (1860–1863)

### Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway

* Mark Carr (1854–1858)
* Alexander McDonnell (1858–1860)

### Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway

* David Joy (1852–1856)
* Frederic Haward (1856–1857)
* Edward Wilson (1857–1860)
# Malaysia Federal Route 57

Federal Route 57 comprising Jalan Long Yunus and Jalan Pengkalan Chepa (now Jalan Tok Guru) is a federal road in Kelantan, Malaysia. It is a main route to Sultan Ismail Petra Airport at Pengkalan Chepa.

## Features

At most sections, the Federal Route 57 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h.

## List of junctions and towns

| Km | Junctions | To | Remarks |
| | Kota Bharu Wakaf Bharu-Kota Bharu-Kubang Kerian Highway | FT 3 AH18 Wakaf Bharu-Kota Bharu-Kubang Kerian Highway Northwest FT 3 AH18 Town Centre FT 134 Wakaf Bharu FT 3 AH18 Pasir Mas FT 3 AH18 Rantau Panjang Southeast FT 3 AH18 Kubang Kerian FT 3 AH18 Pasir Puteh FT 3 AH18 Besut FT 3 AH18 Kuala Terengganu | Junctions |
| جالن لوڠ يونس FT 57 Jalan Long Yunus |||||
| | Kampung Kubang Bunut | | |
| | Sungai Baung bridge | | |
| | Kota Bharu 5707Jalan Guchil Bayam | D108 Jalan Guchil Bayam West Langgar Town Centre Wisma Persekutuan (Federal Building) Istana Jahar Masjid Muhammadi Siti Khadijah Market Makam Diraja Kelantan (Kelantan Royal Mausoleum) East Guchil Bayam Kubang Kerian | Junctions |
| | Kota Bharu Jalan Abdul Kadir Adabi | D106 Jalan Abdul Kadir Adabi West Town Centre Hospital Kota Bharu Istana Jahar Masjid Muhammadi Pasar Besar Siti Khadijah East Tapang Kubang Kerian | Junctions |
| | Kota Bharu Fire Station | | |
| جالن لوڠ يونس 5706 FT 57 Jalan Long Yunus |||||
| | Kota Bharu Simpang Long Yunus | Northwest FT 223 Jalan Pantai Cahaya Bulan Wakaf Mek Zainab Pantai Cahaya Bulan (Pantai Cinta Berahi) West D2 Jalan Tok Guru Town Centre Hospital Kota Bharu Istana Jahar Masjid Muhammadi Pasar Besar Siti Khadijah | Junctions |
| (جالن ڤڠكالن چيڤا ﴿جالن توك ڬورو) 5704 FT 57 Jalan Pengkalan Chepa (Jalan Tok Guru) |||||
| | Maahad Muhammadi Lelaki | | |
| | Jalan Tanjong Mas | East D6 Jalan Tanjong Mas Panji | T-junctions |
| | Sungai Baong bridge | | |
| | Jalan Chekok | East D105 Jalan Chekok Chekok | T-junctions |
| | Sungai Alor Lintah bridge | | |
| | Pengkalan Chepa Jalan Maktab | East FT 3739 (3739) Jalan Maktab Pekan Pengkalan Chepa Pengkalan Chepa Prison Institut Perguruan Guru Kota Bharu Kolej Vokasional Pengkalan Chepa | T-junctions |
| | Landing light | | |
| | Battalion 21 Army Camp | | |
| | Kem 8 Brigade Army Camp | | |
| | Pengkalan Chepa 5702Sultan Ismail Petra Airport | South Sultan Ismail Petra Airport Arrival/Departure | T-junctions |
| | Kampung Parang Puting | | |
| (جالن ڤڠكالن چيڤا ﴿جالن توك ڬورو 5701 FT 57 Jalan Pengkalan Chepa (Jalan Tok Guru) |||||
| | Pantai Sabak Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II | FT 131 Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II North FT 131 Pantai Sabak South FT 131 Kubang Kerian FT 3 AH18 Kuala Terengganu East FT 187 Jalan Sabak Sabak | T-junctions |
# Square gyrobicupola

In geometry, the square gyrobicupola is one of the Johnson solids (J$_{29}$). Like the square orthobicupola (J$_{28}$), it can be obtained by joining two square cupolae (J$_4$) along their bases. The difference is that in this solid, the two halves are rotated 45 degrees with respect to one another.
A Johnson solid is one of 92 strictly convex polyhedra that is composed of regular polygon faces but are not uniform polyhedra (that is, they are not Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prisms, or antiprisms). They were named by Norman Johnson, who first listed these polyhedra in 1966.
The square gyrobicupola is the second in an infinite set of gyrobicupolae.
Related to the square gyrobicupola is the elongated square gyrobicupola. This polyhedron is created when an octagonal prism is inserted between the two halves of the square gyrobicupola.

## Formulae

The following formulae for volume and surface area can be used if all faces are regular, with edge length a:
    $V=\left(2+{\frac {4{\sqrt {2}}}{3}}\right)a^{3}\approx 3.88562...a^{3}$
    $A=2\left(5+{\sqrt {3}}\right)a^{2}\approx 13.4641...a^{2}$

## Related polyhedra and honeycombs

The square gyrobicupola forms space-filling honeycombs with tetrahedra, cubes and cuboctahedra; and with tetrahedra, square pyramids, and elongated square bipyramids. (The latter unit can be decomposed into elongated square pyramids, cubes, and/or square pyramids).
# Monte delle Figne

Monte delle Figne (Figne Mountain) is a mountain in Liguria, northern Italy, part of the Ligurian Apennines. It lies at an altitude of 1172 metres.

## Geography

The mountain is located in the provinces of Genoa and Alessandria. Is divided by Passo Mezzano (1063 m) from Monte Taccone and by Passo della Dagliola (858 m) and a saddle near Cascina Carrosina (825 m) from Monte Tobbio.

## Access to the summit

Monte delle Figne is accessible by signposted tracks departing from Bocchetta Pass or Isoverde (municipality of Campomorone).
The Alta Via dei Monti Liguri, a long-distance trail from Ventimiglia (province of Imperia) to Bolano (province of La Spezia), passes very close to the mountain's summit.

## Nature conservation

North-western slopes of the mountain are included in the Capanne di Marcarolo Piedmontese natural park.
# USS Theta

USS Theta was a steamer purchased by the Union Navy during the latter years of the American Civil War.
Theta was acquired by the Admiral David Dixon Porter, but records of her service are sparse. Since she was a tugboat, she probably served that function, as required, at Norfolk, Virginia.

## Service history

John T. Jenkins, a screw tug, was purchased for the Navy by Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter on 9 December 1864 at Norfolk, Virginia, and renamed Theta. Acquired late in the Civil War, Theta probably saw little or no service. There are no records of any deck logs for her, and she is mentioned but once in the "Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion"—with reference to her purchase. Her service—if she served at all—was brief and probably consisted of some variety of yard tug duty at Norfolk. She was sold late in 1865—one source indicates that the sale occurred on 17 August 1865—but that transaction remains undocumented. In any event, her name had disappeared from the "List of Vessels of the United States Navy" by 20 January 1866 when the 1866 Navy Register was issued.
# Moorgate, Norfolk

Moorgate is a village to the north of Aylsham in the county of Norfolk, England.
52°49′26″N 1°13′26″E﻿ / ﻿52.824°N 1.224°E﻿ / 52.824; 1.224
* This Norfolk location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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