OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mesodinium

Mesodinium is a genus of ciliates that are widely distributed and are abundant in marine and brackish waters.
Currently, six marine species of Mesodinium have been described and grouped by nutritional mode: plastidic (M. chamaeleon, M. coatsi, M. major, and M. rubrum) or heterotrophic (M. pulex and M. pupula). There is some debate as to whether the nutritional mode of plastidic Mesodinium species is phototrophic (permanent plastid) or mixotrophic. Among the plastidic species, wild M. major and M. rubrum populations possess red plastids belonging to genera Teleaulax, Plagioselmis, and Geminigera, while wild M. chamaeleon and M. coatsi populations normally contain green plastids. The availability of suitable cryptophyte prey is important for bloom formation of plastidic Mesodinium species.
The most common species, Mesodinium rubrum, causes red tides in many coastal ecosystems. Although M. rubrum is known as a nontoxic species, blooms of the ciliate can be potentially harmful to aquaculture industries. M. rubrum photosynthesizes by sequestering the nucleus of its cryptophyte prey, in order to maintain stolen plastids and other organelles. In this way, the genus Mesodinium plays an important role in linking cryptophycean prey and diverse predators in the aquatic microbial food web. For example, the dinoflagellates Dinophysis spp., which are a predator of M. rubrum and the source of their cryptophyte-derived plastids, have been frequently observed to precede or to coincide with high densities of M. rubrum.
# Sauder

Sauder is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Erie J. Sauder (1904–1997), American inventor and furniture-maker
** Sauder Woodworking Company
* Lloyd Sauder (born 1950), Canadian politician
* Luke Sauder (born 1970), Canadian alpine skier
* Peter Sauder, Canadian film and TV writer, television producer and animator
* Theo Sauder (born 1996), Canadian rugby player
* William Sauder (1926–2007), Canadian industrialist
** UBC Sauder School of Business, endowed by William Sauder
# The Return to Darkness

The Return to Darkness is the third full-length album by the Indian death metal band Demonic Resurrection. It was released on January 15, 2010, through Demonstealer Records. The band was signed to Candlelight Records for worldwide distribution. The album was released on Candlelight Records on July 12, 2010.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Sputnikmusic | |
| Ultimate Guitar | |
The album has mostly received positive reviews. Critics have praised the band for improving upon their sound, stating, "...better production, tighter songwriting, better sounding symphonic elements and overall, a much more mature sound.". Critics also praised the atmosphere of the album. Some critics felt that the album was a touch derivative but nonetheless praised it for solid execution.

## Personnel

* Sahil 'Demonstealer' Makhija - lead vocals, rhythm guitar, band leader
* Daniel Rego - lead guitar, backing vocals
* Husain Bandukwala - bass
* Mephisto - keyboards
* Virendra 'Viru' Kaith - drums
Additional Personnel
* Sahil 'Demonstealer' Makhija - producer
* Zorran Mendonsa - Mastering
# Eupithecia halosydne

Eupithecia halosydne is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found on the Juan Fernandez Islands in Chile.
The length of the forewings is about 8–9 mm for females. The forewings are pale ochraceous brown. The hindwings are slightly paler than forewings. Adults have been recorded on wing in March.
# J. J. Paulsen

John James Paulsen (born November 23, 1959) is an American television writer and producer. He has written for several television programs including Cosby, In Living Color and Grace Under Fire.
In the spring of 2007 Paulsen was arrested for the murder of his wife, Leanne Serrano-Paulsen, after police found her body in the attic of their Carmel, Indiana home. Serrano-Paulsen's autopsy results indicated she died as a result of blunt force trauma to the head, and that she had been dead for two to three weeks prior to the discovery of her body. The couple had a history of domestic violence, and in January 2007 J.J. Paulsen pled guilty to domestic battery stemming from an incident the previous year.
On December 23, 2008, Paulsen pled guilty to voluntary manslaughter. On March 27 of the following year, Paulsen was sentenced to 26 years in prison He was incarcerated at the Miami Correctional Facility in Bunker Hill, Indiana and released early on September 12, 2016.
Margaret Cho, who knew Paulsen when he worked on her 1994–95 sitcom All American Girl, subsequently wrote a song about him.
# Okänt Skepp

Okänt Skepp, Swedish for "unknown ship", is an intact Renaissance shipwreck in the Baltic Sea dating to the turn of the 15th century. The wreck's hull was found pristine and containing several rare features. Its discovery was announced in July 2019 by a joint expedition led by Rodrigo Pacheco-Ruiz and including the University of Southampton's Center for Maritime Archaeology, the Södertörn University's Maritime Archaeology Research Institute, and Swedish companies Deep Sea Productions and MMT. Its intact hull can let scholars learn how ships were built during the Age of Discovery.
# Masters M50 800 metres world record progression

This is the progression of world record improvements of the 800 metres M50 division of Masters athletics.

## Key

Incomplete information  Pending
| Hand, | Auto | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Age | Location | Date |
| | 1:57.98 | Brian Tullis | United States | 27 September 1973 | 50 years, 325 days | Gothenburg | 17 August 2024 |
| | 1:58.07 | Brian Tullis | United States | 27 September 1973 | 50 years, 297 days | Sacramento | 20 July 2024 |
| | 1:58.65 | Nolan Shaheed | United States | 18 July 1949 | 50 years, 300 days | Eagle Rock | 13 May 2000 |
| | 1:59.45 | Ronald Mercelina | Netherlands | 18 April 1946 | 50 years, 59 days | Barendrecht | 16 June 1996 |
| | 2:00.40 | Alan Bradford | Australia | 31 January 1939 | 50 years, 182 days | Eugene | 1 August 1989 |
| 2:01.1 | | Bill Fitzgerald | United States | 20 May 1925 | 50 years, 40 days | Eagle Rock | 29 June 1975 |
| 2:05.1 | | William Sheppard | Australia | 5 June 1922 | 50 years, 81 days | Brisbane | 25 August 1972 |
# NGC 539

NGC 539 is a barred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Cetus south. It is estimated to be 429 million light years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 200,000 ly. It was discovered on 31 October 1885 by American astronomer Francis Leavenworth.
# Thomas Millar

Thomas Bruce Millar AO (18 October 1925 – 5 June 1994), also known as T. B. Millar, was an Australian historian, political scientist and a major figure in the development of strategic studies in Australia.
Millar was born in Kalamunda, Western Australia. He was educated at Guildford Grammar School in Perth and the Universities of Western Australia, Melbourne and London. He was a graduate of the Royal Military College, Duntroon, and served in the Australian Army in 1943–1950.
After several years as a schoolteacher, he joined the staff of the Department of International Relations at the Australian National University in 1962. He was a professorial fellow in the department from 1968 onwards and head of the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC) in 1966–1971 and 1982–1984. He was director of the Australian Institute of International Affairs, 1969-1976.
From 1982-1985, he served as the inaugural chairman of the Radford College School Board. In 1985 Millar was seconded to London University as professor of Australian studies and the second head of the Australian Studies Centre (then part of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies; now the Menzies Australia Institute at King's College London). Following his retirement in 1990, he remained in London until his death and held part-time positions at the London School of Economics and King's College London.
Millar was made a fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia in 1982 and an Officer of the Order of Australia in 1983. He married Ann Drake-Brockman in 1951 and they had two daughters and one son. The marriage was dissolved in 1986. He remarried in 1990. A Christian Scientist and both a proud Australian and Western Australian, he would also proudly remind people of his Scottish ancestry - as evidenced by the spelling of his surname with the Scottish `ar' ending.
Millar was a prolific writer on international relations and defence and strategic studies. In honour of his work in this field, the Graduate Studies in Strategy and Defence program (based in the SDSC) offers up to three T.B. Millar Scholarships each year to outstanding students.

## Works

* Australia's defence (1965)
* The Commonwealth and the United Nations (1967)
* Australia's defence policies 1945-65 (1968)
* Australia's foreign policy (1968)
* Australia in peace and war (1978)
* The East-West strategic balance (1981)
* South African dilemmas (1985).
In 1995 a book of essays was published in his honour, edited by Coral Bell, entitled Nation, region and context: studies in peace and war.
# Tungussogyrinus

Tungussogyrinus is an extinct genus of temnospondyl amphibian in the family Branchiosauridae. It has been assigned to its own subfamily, Tungussogyrininae.
# Marlene (2000 film)

Marlene is a 2000 German biopic film directed by Joseph Vilsmaier and starring Katja Flint, Hans Werner Meyer and Herbert Knaup. It follows the life of the German actress Marlene Dietrich and her success in Hollywood.

## Cast

* Katja Flint as Marlene Dietrich
* Herbert Knaup as Rudolf Sieber
* Heino Ferch as Carl Seidlitz
* Hans Werner Meyer as Josef von Sternberg
* Christiane Paul as Tamara Matul
* Suzanne von Borsody as Charlotte Seidlitz
* Armin Rohde as Emil Jannings
* Josefina Vilsmaier as Maria aged 6
* Theresa Vilsmaier as Maria aged 10
* Janina Vilsmaier as Maria aged 13
* Monica Bleibtreu as Witwe von Losch
* Cosma Shiva Hagen as Resi
* Katharina Müller-Elmau as Margo Lion
* Oliver Elias as Jossi Winter
* Sandy Martin as Louella Parsons
* Richard Keats as Travis Banton
* Mike Wimberly as Harry
* Elvira Jimenez as Juanita
* Otto Sander as stage manager
* Heiner Lauterbach as Erich Pommer
* Ben Becker as Ernst Linke
* Jürgen Schornagel as Friedrich Mollner
* Götz Otto as Gary Cooper
* Ute Cremer as Maria Riva
* George Valencia as Carlos
* Gloria Gray as Mae West
* Michel Francoeur as Maurice Chevalier
* Heinrich Schafmeister as pianist

## Cited films

The movie contains "episodes" of the following films:
* The Blue Angel (1930)
* Morocco (1930)
* The Scarlet Empress (1934)

## Reception

The film was not well received in Germany and also did not open well at the box office, opening on 420 screens and grossing $700,000 in its first four days and finishing fifth at the German box office.
# Ma Yongbin

Ma Yongbin (born 20 April 1981) is a Chinese speed skater. He competed in the men's 1500 metres event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Sylvia Löhrmann

Sylvia Löhrmann (born 1 March 1957, Essen, Germany) is a German politician of the Green Party. From 2010 to 2017 she was Deputy Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia and State Minister of School and Further Education.

## Education and early career

Löhrmann studied German and English from 1975-1981 at the Ruhr University Bochum and later worked as a teacher.

## Political career

Löhrmann is a member of the Green Party, and since 1995 an elected member of the parliament of the German state North Rhine-Westphalia. Since July 15, 2010 she has served as Deputy Minister-President and Minister of Schools and Education in the incumbent state-government under the leadership of Minister-President Hannelore Kraft. As one of the state’s representatives at the Bundesrat, she is a member of the Committee on Cultural Affairs.
On 25 March 2015, Löhrmann spoke at the memorial for 16 schoolchildren and two teachers of Joseph-König-Gymnasium who all died in the crash of Germanwings Flight 9525.
Löhrmann was a Green Party delegate to the Federal Convention for the purpose of electing the President of Germany in 2017.
Following the Green Party’s defeat in the 2017 state elections, Löhrmann was no longer a member of the state government and also resigned her parliamentary seat. In 2020, she was appointed secretary general of "321–2021: 1700 Years of Jewish Life in Germany".

## Other activities
### Corporate boards

* Stadt-Sparkasse Solingen, Member of the Supervisory Board
* NRW.BANK, Member of the Guarantors' Meeting (2010–2017)

### Non-profit organizations

* Grüner Wirtschaftsdialog, Member of the Advisory Board (since 2021)
* Heinrich Böll Foundation, Member of the General Assembly
* Aktive Bürgerschaft, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Central Committee of German Catholics, Member
* Deutschlandradio, Member of the Broadcasting Council
* Jugend forscht, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Stiftung Lesen, Deputy Chairwoman of the Board of Trustees
* Heinrich Heine University (HHU), Institut für Deutsches und Internationales Parteienrecht und Parteienforschung, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Education and Science Workers' Union (GEW), Member
# JCK MMA

JCK MMA (Jue Cheng King; Chinese: JCK战觉城; pinyin: JCK Zhàn Jué Chéng) is a Chinese mixed martial arts promotion. It is currently partnered with the UFC Fight Pass platform.

## History

JCK MMA originated in 2019. Its first event, JCK 1 was held on 29 November 2019, in Taiyan, Shanxi.
JCK MMA officially debuted in 2020. The aim was to promote martial arts in China.
In 2021, JCK MMA was voted winner of the 2021 Top 10 National IP Selection in the sports category.
In June 2022, JCK MMA signed a multi-event agreement with the UFC to have their fights air via its UFC Fight Pass streaming platform. Fighters who trained at the UFC Performance Institute in Shanghai participated in its 2022 events.
As of December 2022, more than 600 fighters from over 150 clubs across China have participated in JCK MMA.

## Broadcast coverage

JACK MMA is broadcast on Chinese television for free.
JCK MMA is available via streaming on UFC Fight Pass.
Events are held weekly on every Saturday night at 7 pm (7 am in US ET).

## Format

The promotion's format is similar to that of the Professional Fighters League in that it has a seasonal, tournament-style format. There are 32 fighters per weight class. Each fighter is guaranteed to have five fights per season to determine the rankings. For each division, the top ranked fighters will compete against each other in a playoff finale. The winner will be awarded a cash prize of ¥1 million RMB (US$150,000).
Starting from the 2022 season, former winners and veterans of JCK MMA get a shorted route to the finals where they take part in the JCK Super Round. Six fighters in each division will face each other three times to obtain a ranking and the bottom two are eliminated.
Currently there are divisions from flyweight to welterweight for men. Additional divisions from middleweight to heavyweight as well as female divisions are also being added.

## Rules

JCK MMA uses the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.

## Weight classes

| Weight class | Upper weight limit |
| Strawweight | 115 lb (52.2 kg) |
| Flyweight | 125 lb (56.7 kg) |
| Bantamweight | 135 lb (61.2 kg) |
| Featherweight | 145 lb (65.8 kg) |
| Lightweight | 155 lb (70.3 kg) |
| Welterweight | 170 lb (77.1 kg) |
| Middleweight | 185 lb (83.9 kg) |
| Light heavyweight | 205 lb (93.0 kg) |
| Heavyweight | 265 lb (120.2 kg) |

## Current Champions

| Weight class | Champion |
| Flyweight | Buhuoyouga |
| Bantamweight | Wang Shaoxiang |
| Featherweight | Wang Jizheng |
| Lightweight | Aili Mulatebieke |
| Welterweight | Ding Meng |

### Tournaments

| Year | Flyweight | Bantamweight | Featherweight | Lightweight | Welterweight |
| 2020 | N/A | Li Haojie | Yuan Chunbo | N/A | Kuerbanjiang Tuluosibake |
| 2021 | Shuai Yin | Li Haojie | Asikeerbai Jinensibieke | Yibugele | N/A |
| 2022 | Shang Zhifa | Wang Shaoxiang | Wang Jizheng | N/A | N/A |
# Okçu

Okçu may refer to:
* Okçu, Bor, village in Niğde Province, Turkey
* Okçu, Göle, village in Ardahan Province, Turkey
OKCU may refer to:
# Ichoca Municipality

Ichoca Municipality is the fifth municipal section of the Inquisivi Province in the La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its seat is Ichoca.
# Maternus

Maternus or Matiernus may refer to:
* Marcus Cornelius Nigrinus Curiatius Maternus (c. 40–c. 97), Roman senator and suffect consul of AD 83
* Curiatius Maternus, who appears in Tacitus's Dialogus de oratoribus; he may be the same person as the consul of 83
* Julius Maternus or Matiernus (fl. 87–90), Roman explorer of western Africa
* Maternus (rebel) (fl. 187), rebel leader during the reign of Commodus
* Maternus of Cologne (285–315; in legend, fl. 1st century), bishop of Trier and Cologne and Catholic saint
* Maternus (bishop of Milan) (fl. 316–328), Archbishop of Milan and Catholic saint
* Julius Firmicus Maternus (fl. 334–346), Latin writer, astrologer, and Christian apologist
* Maternus Cynegius (fl. 381–388), praetorian prefect and consul
# Shauna Gambill

Shauna Gambill (born 1976 or 1977) is an American model and beauty queen who won Miss Teen USA 1994 and also competed in the Miss USA 1998 and Miss World 1998 pageants.
Gambill first won the Miss California Teen USA title in late 1993. In August 1994 she competed in the Miss Teen USA in the national pageant televised live from Biloxi, Mississippi. Her performance in the preliminary competition placed her fourth among the top twelve semi-finalists, but her scores were consistently high throughout the three final rounds of competition, ranking highest in swimsuit (16 August). Having impressed the finals judges, Gambill, aged 17, was crowned Miss Teen USA at the end of the pageant broadcast.
In 1997, two years after passing on the Miss Teen USA crown, she won the Miss California USA 1998 title. Gambill then competed at Miss USA 1998, where she placed first runner-up to Shawnae Jebbia of Massachusetts.
Gambill attended Highland High School in Palmdale, California and was valedictorian of her class.
# SM-58

SM-58 could refer to:
* 2B1 Oka self-propelled gun
* Shure SM58 microphone
# Montignies

Montignies may refer to
* Montignies-sur-Sambre, a section of the Belgian town of Charleroi within the Walloon region in the Province of Hainaut, along the river Sambre
* Montignies-sur-Roc, a village in the municipality Honnelles, in the Belgian province of Hainaut. The village is located near the French border, along the river la Petite Honnelle.
# Mark Cox (poet)

Mark Cox (born 1956 in East St. Louis, Illinois) is an American poet.

## Life

He graduated from DePauw University and Vermont College with an MFA.
He teaches in the Department of Creative Writing at University of North Carolina Wilmington, and Vermont College.
He served as poetry editor of Passages North and Cimarron Review.
He lives in Wilmington, North Carolina

## Awards

* 1987 Whiting Award
* Pushcart Prize
* Oklahoma Book Award
* The Society of Midland Authors Poetry Prize
* Summer 2000, he served as the 24th Poet-in-Residence at The Frost Place, Robert Frost's family home, in Franconia, New Hampshire.

## Works

* Four Poems from Numero Cinq
* "Finish This", Slate, Feb. 12, 2002
* Smoulder. D.R. Godine. 1989. ISBN 978-0-87923-814-8.
* Thirty-seven Years from the Stone. University of Pittsburgh Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0-8229-4065-4.
* Natural Causes. University of Pittsburgh Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-8229-5839-0.
* Mark Cox, ed. (2011). The Memory of Water, by Jack Myers. New Issues. ISBN 978-1-930974-98-2.
* Sorrow Bread: New and Selected Poems 1984-2015. Serving House Books. 2017. ISBN 978-0997779738.
* Readiness: Prose Poems. Press 53. 2018. ISBN 978-1941209783.
* Knowing. Press 53. 2024. ISBN 978-1950413799.

### Anthologies

* William H. Roetzheim, ed. (2006). "Geese". The Giant Book of Poetry. Level4Press Inc. ISBN 978-0-9768001-2-5.
* Roger Weingarten; Richard Higgerson, eds. (2001). Poets of the New Century. David R. Godine Publisher. ISBN 978-1-56792-177-9.
* Ed Ochester, ed. (2007). American poetry now: Pitt poetry series anthology. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-4310-5.
* William J. Walsh, ed. (2006). "Natural Causes". Under the rock umbrella: contemporary American poets, 1951-1977. Mercer University Press. ISBN 978-0-88146-047-6.
# Macchie, Castelsantangelo sul Nera

Macchie is an Italian village and hamlet (frazione) of the municipality of Castelsantangelo sul Nera, in the Province of Macerata, Marche. For ISTAT 2001 census, it had a population of 16.

## Geography

The village is placed at 1078 metres in the middle of the Monti Sibillini National Park.
The name "Macchie" derives from the woods (in Italian: macchie) that surround the village. It is a mountainous area in the national park of the Sibillini mountains. Below the village one can admire the Vallinfante valley and nearby the Passo Cattivo, Porche di Vallinfante, Colle La Croce, Monte Pagliano, Monte Prata and Monte Cardosa. The village is also at the foot of Monte Cornaccione which, however, cannot be seen entirely from the village.

## Places of interest

There are two churches in Macchie: St. Anthony's (in Italian: Chiesa di Sant'Antonio) and St. John's(in Italian: Chiesa di San Giovanni Battista). At about 100 metres below the village there is a chapel: The Little Virgin (in Italian: La Madonnella), dedicated to the latter. It was restored and consecrated again in August 2007.
Likewise another chapel, along a nearby mountain: The Virgin of Forcella's Chapel (in Italian: Cappella della Madonna della Forcella), was completely rebuilt in the summer of 2008 by a group of volunteers.

## Photo gallery

* Passo Cattivo dominates Macchie
* The Little Virgin is placed on the old way to Vallinfante
* The Virgin of Forcella's Chapel is placed along a nearby mountain
* The St. John's Church is in the plaza
* The St. Anthony's Church is placed at the end of Macchie
# Synapturanus salseri

Synapturanus salseri is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It lives in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and freshwater springs. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Synapturanus salseri are shy and spend almost all of their time in burrows beneath the forest floor. During the rainy season, males give off a brief whistle as a mating call. They mate only after periods of heavy precipitation. Mating takes place in burrows, since these frogs seldom venture out. Females lay a few large eggs into the burrow. The hatched tadpoles do not feed but live on the stored yolk until they undergo metamorphosis. The diet of adult S. salseri frogs consists of ants and spiders (Zweifel, 2003).
The frog was originally discovered by William F. Pyburn (former head of the biology department of the University of Texas at Arlington) and J. K. Salser Jr., an amateur biologist. While collecting specimens in the Colombian rain forest near the village of Timbo on the Vaupes River, Pyburn heard the frog call. Using flashlights to triangulate the call the two determined where the call originated and began searching for the frog. After the leaf litter on the forest floor had been removed it became apparent that the frog was underground and it was captured after a careful excavation.
# Pamela Fitzgerald

Pamela Fitzgerald may refer to:
* Pamela FitzGerald, Lady Edward FitzGerald (c. 1773–1831)
* Pamela Fitzgerald (camogie) (born 1984), Irish camogie player
# Zubići

Zubići is a village in the municipality of Novi Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 131.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 73 | 55.7% |
| Croats | 58 | 44.3% |
| Total | 131 | 100% |