OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Torre della Vittoria

The Torre della Vittoria is a historical building in Ferrara that complements the Palazzo Municipale and at the same time stands apart from it in terms of its size, its reconstruction centuries after the fall of the tower previously located in the same position, and the celebrations that explicitly referred to it in Fascist-era films. It is located on the corner of Piazza Trento e Trieste and Via Cortevecchia, at the beginning of Corso Martiri della Libertà.

## History

As part of the action aimed at recovering and enhancing the city's building heritage, begun in the early 1920s, in Ferrara, which began with the restoration of two public buildings that are emblems of the city, namely the Castello Estense and the Palazzo Municipale, radical work was carried out on the latter's façade, the one facing the Duomo. In particular, a new Tower of Victory was erected to replace the original one, designed by Rigobello, which had collapsed during the seventeenth century, in 1570, at the beginning of the seismic swarm that struck the city until 1574.
The will of the municipal administration was, at that time, to recover the ancient appearance of the Municipal Palace to recall the glory of the Este period and, in addition, to celebrate Victory in the First World War with a commemorative monument. This was identified in the gilded bronze statue La Vittoria del Piave by Arrigo Minerbi, which was placed at the base of the tower, a copy based on the 1917—1918 model. The decoration of the entrance to the tower was entrusted in 1927 to Giulio Medini, who was also the author of the renovation of the exterior decorations of the Palazzo Municipale.

## The inauguration of the Tower

The inauguration of the Tower was an important celebratory moment for Fascism in Ferrara, in November 1928, and for the occasion, in addition to Italo Balbo, Renzo Ravenna and the main civil, military and religious personalities, the king, Vittorio Emanuele III, also took part.

## Architectural Aspects

Built on a 14th-century model, in Gothic style and with materials reminiscent of the Este Castle, it is 57 m high and the top is crenellated, like the reconstructed façade of the Town Hall.
# Tony Wiklander

Tony Göte Sigfrid Wiklander (born 1938) is a Swedish politician of the Sweden Democrats party and a retired member of parliament who sat in the Riksdag from 2010 to 2018. Wiklander was previously the leader and chairman of the Progress Party.

## Biography

Wiklander established himself as a local politician in Åstorp and was a member of the Left Party and the Social Democrats. In 1989, he was elected as chairman of the Helsingborg based Progress Party. He was expelled as chairman of the party due to comments in the media that were seen as too extreme and his connections with the early Sweden Democrats and the New Swedish Movement. Wiklander then chose to establish a new party with the old Progress Party name in October the same year in Åstorp with economic support from millionaire Carl Lundström while the Helsingborg wing continued as a separate party. Wiklander's Åstorp faction started a cooperation with New Democracy. As New Democracy emerged with similar policies, Lundström changed his support to New Democracy. The original Helsingborg chapter of the Progress Party then reshaped itself into Svensk Samling which merged into the Sweden Democrats in 1998. Later, most of the Svensk Samling defectors to the Sweden Democrats joined the National Democrats which was formed after an extreme wing of the Sweden Democrats were ousted and split from the party. Wiklander waited until after the split of the Sweden Democrats in 2001 and thereafter merged his faction of the party with the Sweden Democrats, the more moderate faction.
After joining the Sweden Democrats, Wiklander was elected to the Riksdag for the party in 2010. He retired from parliament at the 2018 Swedish general election.
# Edward Henry Murphy

Edward Henry Murphy (c1796 Dublin - 1847 Dublin) was an Irish painter of flowers, birds and still life. He studied art at the School of the Royal Dublin Society. He also produced caricatures for the Dublin media. He taught art, painted flower and fruit pieces and, on occasion, landscapes. He exhibited mainly in Dublin in the period 1812 to 1821, and with the Royal Hibernian Academy from 1826 to 1841, to which he was elected an Associate in November 1829. He died by suicide in 1847.
The National Gallery of Ireland has his painting "Parroquets," which earlier belonged to Sir Maziere Brady, Bart., former Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
# List of archives in Italy

This is list of archives in Italy.

## Archives in Italy

* Vatican Archive (Italy)
* Comune Archives (Italy)
* Library Archives (Italy)
* Cathedral Archives (Italy)
* History of the Homeland Archives (Italy)
* Diocesan Archives (Italy)
* Central Archives of the State (Italy)
* Italian State Archives [it]
** List of State Archives of Italy
* Audiovisual Archive of the Democratic and Labour Movement
# Center of the universe

The center of the universe may refer to:

## Astronomy

* Geocentric model, the astronomical model which places Earth at the orbital center of all celestial bodies
* Heliocentrism, the astronomical model in which the Sun is at the orbital center of the Solar System
* History of the center of the Universe, a discussion of the historical view that the Universe has a center

## Mythology and religion

* Axis mundi, the mythological concept of a world center
* Modern geocentrism, the belief that Earth is the center of the universe as described by classical geocentric models
* Space and time in the Mesoamerican religion

## Media

* Center of the Universe (TV series), an American sitcom
* Center of the Universe, a song by Built to Spill from their album Keep It Like a Secret
* Center of the Universe, an album by Admiral Twin
* Center of the Universe (album), a 1992 album by Giant Sand
* "Centre of the Universe", a song from the album Epica, by Kamelot
* "Centre of the Universe", a debut single of Arthur Koldomasov
* "Center of the Universe" (song), a song by Swedish house producer Axwell
* "Center of the Universe", a song on the album Long Road Out of Eden by The Eagles
* "Center of the Universe", the second episode of the drama series Tulsa King

## Places

* Centre of the Universe (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory), the former interpretive centre of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory in Saanich, British Columbia, Canada

## Other uses

* An egocentrist or a narcissist may sometimes be described as thinking they are 'the center of the universe' or that 'the universe revolves around them'
# Laughing Academy

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Trouser Press | unfavourable |
Laughing Academy is the debut studio album by English band Punishment of Luxury, released in 1979 by record label United Artists.
# SWM X3

The SWM X3 is a 7-seater compact crossover that is manufactured by the Chinese manufacturer SWM (automobiles) of Brilliance Shineray. The SWM X3 was launched on the 2017 Shanghai Auto Show in China.

## Overview

Developed based on the same platform as the SWM X2, which is a rebadged Jinbei 750, the power of the SWM X3 comes from 3 engine options including the 1.5 liter DG15 engine, DG16 engines and the turbo DG15T engine developed by Brilliance. Prices of the SWM X3 ranges from 55,000 yuan to 82,900 yuan.
# Ray Nelson

Ray Nelson may refer to:
* Ray Nelson (author) (1931–2022), American author
* Ray Nelson (baseball) (1875–1961), American baseball player
* Ray Nelson (rugby union) (born 1961), Scottish rugby union footballer
* Ray Nelson Jr. (born 1965), American animator
# Tobias Joaquim Dai

General Tobias Joaquim Dai (born November 25, 1950) was Minister of National Defence of Mozambique from 2000 to 2008. He took office on January 17, 2000 and was replaced by Filipe Nhussi in March 2008.
Dai is the brother-in-law of President Armando Guebuza.
# ST Marinia

Marinia was the name of a number of tugs.
* ST Marinia, the former Empire Aid
* ST Marinia, the former Empire Mary.
* ST Marinia, a 392 GRT tug built in 1955.
# Shi Shanshan

Shi Shanshan is a Chinese Paralympic powerlifter. She represented China at the 2008 Summer Paralympics, at the 2012 Summer Paralympics and at the 2016 Summer Paralympics and she won the bronze medal in the women's 48 kg event in 2012.
At the 2010 Asian Para Games held in Guangzhou, China, she won the gold medal in the women's 48 kg event. At the 2014 IPC Powerlifting World Championships she won the silver medal in the women's 55 kg event.
At the 2018 Asia-Oceania Open Powerlifting Championships, she won the silver medal in the women's 55 kg event.
# Shiroor (disambiguation)

Shiroor may refer to various places in India:

## Places

* 33 Shiroor, a village in Udupi Taluk, Udupi district, Karnataka
* 41 Shiroor, a village in Udupi Taluk, Udupi district, Karnataka
** Shiroor Math, a Ashta Mathas of Udupi in the village
* Shiroor, a village in Kundapur Taluk, Udupi district, Karnataka
** Shiroor railway station, a station in Konkan Railway, Karnataka
* Hodke Shiroor, a village in Honnavar Taluk, Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka
# Cecil Dowdy

Cecil Dowdy (May 9, 1945 – November 24, 2002) was an American professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Alabama Crimson Tide from 1964 through 1966. He was a member of both the 1964 and 1965 national championship teams. Dowdy was also named a unanimous All-American in 1966.

## Playing career
### College

After a successful high school playing career at Cherokee Vocational High School that culminated with his selection to the 16th annual AHSAA All-Star Game in 1963, Dowdy enrolled at the University of Alabama with an athletic scholarship to play on the football team. After he played on the freshman football squad for the 1963 season, Dowdy stated as an offensive tackle for the three years that followed. Over those three seasons, Alabama amassed an overall record of 30 wins, two losses and one tie (30–2–1) and won three Southeastern Conference (SEC) championships and two national championships.
In recognition for his play on the field, Dowdy was recognized as a unanimous selection to the 1966 College Football All-America Team as an offensive tackle. He was also awarded the Jacobs Blocking Trophy in 1966 as the best blocker in the SEC as selected by the coaches.

### Professional

Dowdy was selected in the ninth round (230th overall) of the 1967 NFL/AFL draft by the Cleveland Browns. After a single season with the Browns that saw little playing time, Dowdy was traded to the Los Angeles Rams before the 1968 season, where he was a member of their practice squad. In April 1969, Dowdy signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He was later waived by the team in July 1969.

## Death

Dowdy died on November 24, 2002, at Helena, Arkansas at the age of 57. His death was ruled accidental as his shotgun discharged and hit him in his lower jaw when he was retrieving a duck he hit during a hunting trip at Lambrook, Arkansas. He was pronounced dead at 11:45 a.m at Helena Regional Medical Center.
# Shoichi Masutomi

Shoichi Masutomi (増富 省一, Masutomi Shōichi, born 12 January 1912, date of death unknown) was a Japanese wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle welterweight at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Short-footed frog

The short-footed frog (Ranoidea brevipes) is a small, burrowing species of frog native to eastern Queensland, Australia.

## Description

The short-footed frog is a small, rotund frog with comparatively large head and eyes. The dorsal surface varies from dull brown to sandy yellow, and has large dark, blotches. The ventral surface is white with dark markings. Most frogs have a silvery, brown stripe along the centre of their back. A dark band extends from the front of the snout, through the eyes, and tympanum and finishing at the shoulder.
The tympanum is visible; the fingers are unwebbed, and the toes partially webbed.

## Ecology and behaviour

The short-footed frog habits dry forest and grassland, where it burrows underground for most of the year. During times of rain, the frogs will emerge from their burrows, and congregate around flooded clay pans. The males will call from the edge of the water; the call is a drawn out growl. The eggs are laid in large clumps within the water. The tadpoles develop quickly in warm water to avoid it drying before metamorphosis.
# Short-furred Atlantic tree-rat

The short-furred Atlantic tree-rat or Wagner's Atlantic tree rat (Phyllomys unicolor), is a spiny rat species found in Brazil.
# Cedar, Arizona

Cedar was a gold, silver and copper mining town in Mohave County, Arizona, United States. It was founded circa 1875 on the eastern slope of the Hualapai Mountains, sixty miles southeast of Kingman. A post office was established on September 24, 1895, and closed on July 31, 1911. In addition to the post office there were two saloons, and a general store with several homes. In 1907 the Cedar Valley Gold & Silver Company along with the Yucca Cyanide Mining & Milling Company reported that approximately 200 people lived in the town, within a decade later the site was abandoned. A half mile area inside Cedar Valley is littered with stone ruins and foundations of the mining buildings.
# Cello Concerto (Khachaturian)

Aram Khachaturian wrote his Cello Concerto in E minor in 1946 for Sviatoslav Knushevitsky. It was the last of the three concertos he wrote for the individual members of a renowned Soviet piano trio that performed together from 1941 until 1963. The others were: the Piano Concerto for Lev Oborin (1936); and the Violin Concerto for David Oistrakh (1940).
Although the last written of the three, the Cello Concerto was the first one Khachaturian had considered writing, when he was a cello student at the Gnessin Institute.
The work was premiered on 30 October 1946 (or November 1946), in the Great Hall of the Moscow Conservatory, with the dedicatee Sviatoslav Knushevitsky as soloist. The conductor was Aleksandr Gauk.
The Cello Concerto is the least known of the three concertos, and has not entered the core repertoire of cellists in the way the other two have for pianists and violinists, despite its difficulty level being comparable to the piano and violin concerti. It has received relatively few recordings.
The work is said to echo Khachaturian's painful experiences of war-time. It contains many allusions to folk material and dance rhythms such as the ashoug. It has been described as more of a symphony with cello than a cello concerto.
The three movements are:
* 1. Allegro moderato
* 2. Andante sostenuto
* 3. Allegro (a battuta).
The opening movement contains sections of a brooding quality, and even quotes the Dies Irae. It is rhapsodic and changeable in its moods. It contains a lengthy cadenza but has little by way of thematic development.
The central Andante has been described as 'introspective and melancholy', 'nocturnal and seductive', 'dramatic and stern', and 'menacing, oriental and melismatic'.
The third movement is full of bustle and tension. However, its energy level decreases until just near the end, when it concludes with a fast coda.
The work was one of the reasons Khachaturian was ousted from the Composers Union, and he and other Soviet composers were denounced for formalism in the Zhdanov Decree of 1948.
# Shinya Nakamura

Shinya Nakamura (仲邑 信也, Nakamura Shin'ya, born April 10, 1973 in Osaka, Japan) is a professional Go player.

## Biography

Nakamura became a professional in 1991. He reached 8 dan, in 2001 and is currently 9 dan. Nakamura was taught by Yorimoto Yamashita. In 1996, Nakamura lost in the Shinjin-O final to future Honinbō Shinji Takao. Two years later, in 1998, he won his first and only title, the 13th NEC Shun-Ei.
His daughter Sumire Nakamura is also a professional Go player.

## Titles and runners-up

| Title | Years Held |
| Defunct | 1 |
| NEC Shun-Ei | 1998 |
| Title | Years Lost |
| Current | 1 |
| Shinjin-O | 1996 |
# Short Sweet Film Fest

The Short Sweet Film Fest is an annual short film festival held in Cleveland, Ohio.

## Background

The festival was found by Mike Suglio in 2012, and approximately 100 films are showcased each year. The first festival was held at Market Garden Brewery in the Ohio City neighborhood of Cleveland. It is currently held at the Alex Theater in The 9 Cleveland.
Films screened at the festival include By the Book, Fixed, Love at First Sight and The Things My Father Never Taught Me.
A unique feature of the festival is that live music follows each day of the festival.
# Central Africa Medal

The Central Africa Medal was a British campaign medal awarded for service from 1891 to 1894 in Eastern and Central Africa, and from 1894 to 1898 for service in British Central Africa.

## Criteria

Award of the Central Africa Medal was approved by Queen Victoria in Army Order No. 66, 1 April 1895. The initial award was for various military expeditions from July 1891 to June 1894, subsequently extended to the Unyoro Expedition in 1895. It was later authorised for service in British Central Africa from 1895 to 1898. The main causes of these expeditions were to suppress slave-trading or to punish raids on neighbouring tribes.
Most medals were awarded to members of the Indian Army and British-led local forces. No British Army units were present, although some British officers and non commissioned officers seconded to local units received the medal, as did a small number of Royal Navy personnel.

## Appearance

The medal is 36 millimetres (1.4 in) in diameter. It was issued in silver to combatants, while native porters and authorised servants received the medal in bronze.
The medal uses the same design as the Ashantee Medal and the East and West Africa Medal, although with a different ribbon.
The obverse depicts the left facing effigy of Queen Victoria wearing a diadem with a veil behind. On either side is the inscription VICTORIA on the left and REGINA on the right. The designer was Leonard Charles Wyon.
The reverse bears a scene, inspired by the Ashanti War, of British soldiers fighting the Ashanti in the jungle. It was designed by Sir Edward John Poynter.
The ribbon, 31.7 millimetres (1.25 in) wide, has three equal stripes of black, white and pale brown, also described as copper or terra cotta, worn with the black to the left when facing the wearer. The colours symbolise the troops who took part – African, European and Indian.
The recipient's name and unit were usually engraved or impressed on the rim of the medal, although some were issued unnamed.

## Suspension and clasp

The first version of the medal, authorised in 1895, has a swivel ring suspension and was issued without a clasp. This covered ten small Central African campaigns between 1891 and 1895, eight in the vicinity of Lake Nyassa in what is now Malawi, and two in the Unyoro and Mruli districts in Uganda.
A clasp, Central Africa 1894–98, was authorised in August 1899. When the medal was issued with the clasp, it hung from a straight bar suspension, with existing recipients of the medal having the ring suspension replaced. The medal and clasp were awarded for a number of small expeditions between 1894 and 1898 near Lake Nyassa, and one in 1897 against Chief Mpezeni in present-day Zambia.
# Shivaji College, Karwar

Shivaji College is located in Karwar town, India, 5 km from the city centre in the Baad Nandangadda area. It has a playing ground and buildings. It is a private college affiliated with Karnataka University. It is maintained and run by the Shivaji Education Society.

## Academics

The college consists of:
* Pre-university college (Std. 11 to Std. 12)
* Graduate school (degree)
The degree section is headed by Mr A G Kerlekar.

## Departments

The departments run under governing Heads. The following are the departments of the college:-
* PreUniversity Department- consisting of separate sessions for pre-university Commerce, Arts and Science
* Degree Department
* Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA)
* Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) and (D.Ed.)
* Bachelor of Arts (BA)
* Bachelor of commerce (Bcom)

## Features

* Hall where student theatrical and musical productions can be staged and where all-college events are held.
* Office where the administrative work of the college is done.
* Library
* Classrooms including laboratories for science education.
* Computer labs where computer-based work is done and the internet accessed.
* Playground for sports like cricket, football and volleyball.

## Activities

The college arranges activities like dance competition and quiz competitions. It celebrates Hindu pooja like Saraswati Pooja. It takes part in cluster, district, regional, divisional and state level competitions.
# Shockley Communications

Shockley Communications Corporation was a media outlet that operated eight radio stations in Wisconsin and Minnesota. Its president was Terry Shockley, who cofounded the company in 1984. The company was reportedly bought-out by Quincy Newspapers (now Quincy Media) in June 2001. It became defunct in 2001.
The television holdings include WAOW, WKOW, WXOW and WQOW.
# Shyampur Bhatpura

Shyampur Bhatpura (Śyāmpur Bhaṭpurā) is a village in Bewar block of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it had a population of 2,293, in 327 households.

## Demographics

As of 2011, Shyampur Bhatpura had a population of 2,293, in 327 households.$^{:200}$ This population was 52.4% male (1,202) and 47.6% female (1,091). The 0-6 age group numbered 367 (180 male and 187 female), or 16.0% of the total population. 474 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 20.7% of the total.$^{:148–9}$
The 1981 census recorded Shyampur Bhatpura as having a population of 1,361 people, in 215 households.$^{:190–1}$
The 1961 census recorded Shyampur Bhatpura as comprising 5 hamlets, with a total population of 864 people (463 male and 401 female), in 158 households and 105 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 574 acres.$^{:c}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Shyampur Bhatpura had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:200–5}$
# Central Colorado

Central Colorado is a region of the U.S. state of Colorado. Central Colorado is home to most of the population of the state and its geography is dominated by the Rocky Mountains, their foothills, mesas, and canyons, the rivers that run through them, and the open plains off the foothills. Central Colorado can be separated into two regions known as the north central region and the south central region. Central Colorado is home to the state's two largest cities, Denver and Colorado Springs. Central Colorado, has developed many campgrounds.