OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# E86 cluster bomb

The E86 cluster bomb was an American biological cluster bomb first developed in 1951. Though the U.S. military intended to procure 6,000 E86s, the program was halted in the first half of the 1950s.

## History

The E86 cluster bomb was developed as a biological weapon by the United States Army Chemical Corps and the United States Air Force beginning in October 1951. The Ralph M. Parsons Company was contracted to produce the E86 in October 1952. In 1953 procurement began for 6,000 E86 cluster bombs, with their production expected no earlier than 1958. When U.S. military munition requirements were reviewed in the first half of the 1950s, production and further development of the E86 was halted. The E86 cluster bomb supplanted technologies such as the E77 balloon bomb.

## Specifications

The E86 was similar to the M115 biological bomb, except it was larger. While the M115 weighed 500 pounds (227 kg), the E86 was a 750-pound (340 kg) weapon. Regardless, operationally, the E86 was similar to the M115. It was designed as an anti-crop weapon; the U.S. biological weapons program produced three anti crop agents, wheat and rye stem rust and rice blast. The weapon was in a steel case and intended to be dropped from the exterior of an aircraft such as the B-47 or B-52. Sub-munitions included the E14 munition; the sub-munition was originally intended as anti-crop weapons as well, but was later altered and used in testing as the U.S. pursued an entomological warfare program.
# E85 (disambiguation)

E85 is an ethanol fuel blend.
E85 may also refer to:
* European route E85
* BMW Z4 (E85)
* Odawara-Atsugi Road, route E85 in Japan
# Tiechang

Tiechang may refer to the following towns in China:
Written as "铁厂镇"
* Tiechang, Zunyi County, in Zunyi County, Guizhou
* Tiechang, Zunhua, Hebei
* Tiechang, Tonghua, in Erdaojiang District, Tonghua, Jilin
* Tiechang, Zhen'an County, in Zhen'an County, Shaanxi
# Thomas Usborne (cricketer)

Thomas Masters Usborne (11 December 1866 — 1 February 1952) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
The son of the politician Thomas Usborne, he was born at Surbiton in December 1866. He was educated at Haileybury, where he played for the cricket eleven and represented the college in racquets. From Haileybury, he attended the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He graduated from there as a lieutenant into the Royal Artillery in February 1886, with promotion to captain following a decade later in September 1896. In the 1890s, Usborne served in British India, where he played first-class cricket. He made four appearances for the Europeans cricket team in the Bombay Presidency Match from 1892 to 1899, in addition to making a single appearance for Bombay against Lord Hawke's XI. Playing as a wicket-keeper, he scored 109 runs in his five first-class matches, at an average of 13.62 and with a highest score of 41 not out; behind the stumps he took four catches and made three stumpings. In the Royal Artillery, he was promoted to major in October 1901, and later retired from active service in August 1913. Usborne died in February 1952 at Chilham, Kent.
# Tierra Firme (album)

Tierra Firme is the eighth studio album recorded by Puerto Rican singer-songwriter Luis Fonsi. It was released by Universal Music Latino on June 28, 2011 (see 2011 in music).

## Track listing

* "Explícame"
* "Respira"
* "Dime Que No"
* "Gritar"
* "Nunca Digas Siempre"
* "Me Gustas Tú"
* "Vuelve a Mi Lado"
* "El Anillo y La Flor"
* "Claridad"
* "Se Supone"
* "A Un Paso de Tenerte"
* "Víctima"
* "Renacer"
* "Gritar" (Mexican Regional Version)
* "Claridad" (Dance Remix)

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE) | 1 |
| US Billboard 200 | 56 |
| US Top Latin Albums (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Latin Pop Albums (Billboard) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2011) | Position |
| US Top Latin Albums (Billboard) | 40 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification |
| Chile | Gold |
| Venezuela (AVINPRO) | Platinum |
# Thyranthrene pyrophora

Thyranthrene pyrophora is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is known from South Africa.
# Eagris tetrastigma

Eagris tetrastigma, commonly known as the black flat, is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. The habitat consists of primary and secondary forests.

## Subspecies

* Eagris tetrastigma tetrastigma - eastern Nigeria, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Congo, Central African Republic, western Uganda
* Eagris tetrastigma subolivescens (Holland, 1892) - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, western Nigeria
# East Coweta School

East Coweta School may refer to:
* East Coweta High School
* East Coweta Middle School
# Tianjin International School

The Tianjin International School (TIS) is a private, international school in Hexi District of Tianjin, China. Students attend from the age of three through to high school graduation. Founded in 1986, it was the first of six schools in iSC (International Schools Consortium) established in six Chinese cities: Qingdao, Shenyang, Chengdu, Wuxi, Wuhan, and Yantai.
Students from around the world attend, including Australia, Canada, France, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Australia, United Kingdom, India and the United States. The school is accredited by ASC-WASC (Accrediting Commission for Schools (ACS) of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges) and is affiliated with organizations such as EARCOS (East Asia Regional Council of Schools), and AmCham (American Chamber of Commerce).
TIS offers an honors program, as well as providing opportunities to take the PSAT, SAT, ACT, and AP exams. In 2019, TIS was approved for the AP Capstone Diploma Program.
TIS employs 81 faculty members from many countries including the United States, Canada, Australia, Europe, and Asia.
Tianjin International School's address is No. 4-1 Sishui Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, China, 300222.
# Tianjin Hutchison Whampoa Metro Plaza

Tianjin Hutchison Whampoa Metro Plaza is a skyscraper in Tianjin, China. The 53 story building was completed in 2013, construction having begun in 2008.
# Easington Academy

Easington Academy is a secondary school with academy status located in the village of Easington, County Durham, England.

## History

The school was first created as Easington Comprehensive School in 1978, as a result of a merger between Easington Secondary Modern School and Murton Secondary Modern School. The school was later renamed Easington Community School, and then Easington Community Science College in January 2007 after becoming a specialist science college. The school has become an academy school, and is now known as Easington Academy.
In 2019, the Academy joined the North East Learning Trust.

## House system

The school's house names are based on the family surnames most affected in the 1951 Easington Colliery pit disaster; points are allocated in school assemblies, performances, etc.
They Were Named
* Brenkley
* Dryden
* Porter
* Seymour
* Wallace
As Of June 2021 They Are Called
* Evolution
* Ambition
* Integrity
* Synergy

## Buildings

Currently, Easington Academy is made up of five buildings used for teaching:
* The Main Building (Music, Science and Technology)
* H-Block North (Geography, History, Religious Studies, as well as Mathematics)
* H-Block South (English, ICT, Modern Foreign Languages)
* Art Studio (Art and Photography)
* Sports Hall (Sports Studies and Physical Education)
Option subjects such as Health & Social Care and Travel & Tourism may be taught across multiple different buildings and don't have a fixed area on the site.

## Subjects Taught

Year 7, 8 and 9 students are taught the following subjects: English, Maths, Science, French, Geography, History, Religious Education, PSHE (branded as "World Ready"), Music, Drama, ICT and Physical Education.
In year 9, students choose up to four GCSE options to take up until year 11. Students meeting their targets in French, or are close to their targets must take GCSE French - in line with guidelines surrounding the English Baccalaureate. To further satisfy these requirements, all students must take either GCSE Geography, or GCSE History. Students then get two more options, or three if the child is not required to take French.

## Notable former pupils

The school's alumni include documentary filmmaker Carl Joyce and such professional footballers as Newcastle goalkeeper Steve Harper, Paul Kitson, Chris Brass, Paul Smith, Richard Ord, Stuart Brightwell, and Adam Johnson.
# Tim Lawson

Tim Lawson may refer to:
* Tim Lawson (writer) (born 1961), American writer and musician
* T. Allen Lawson (born 1963), American painter
* Timothy Lawson (born 1943), British Olympic hockey player
# Tico McNutt

John McNutt, known as Tico McNutt, started the Wild Dog Research Project in 1989. His research in that field has been supported in part by the National Geographic Society. He received a doctorate in animal behavior from the University of California in 1995. At the time, he founded the Botswana Wild Dog Research Project as little was known about the biology of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus), though it was believed to be one of the most endangered canine species. Since then, Tico has followed many wild dog packs in Botswana’s Okavango Delta, eventually expanding his studies to include all major predators in the region.
McNutt is co-author of the book Running Wild: Dispelling the Myths of the African Wild Dog
# EIF1AX

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal (eIF1A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF1AX gene. This gene encodes an essential eukaryotic translation initiation factor. The protein is a component of the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC), which mediates the recruitment of the small 40S ribosomal subunit to the 5' cap of messenger RNAs.

## Function

eIF1A is a small protein (17 kDa in budding yeast) and a component of the 43S preinitiation complexes (PIC). eIF1A binds near the ribosomal A-site, in a manner similar to the functionally related bacterial counterpart IF1.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been recurrently seen associated to cases of uveal melanoma with disomy 3. eIF1A is mutated in thyroid cancers.

## Interactions

EIF1AX has been shown to interact with IPO13.
# Tim Lake

Timothy W. Lake (born December 27, 1959) is a television news anchor and historical narrative nonfiction author, currently at WTEN in Albany, New York. He was formerly the solo anchor of WCAU's NBC 10 News at 6 p.m. and co-anchor of NBC 10 News at 4 with Dawn Timmeney and NBC 10 News at 11 p.m. with Renee Chenault-Fattah.
Lake was the primary co-anchor at NBC 10 from March 2003 until December 7, 2012. Previously he was the co-anchor of NBC 10 News at Five and the noontime news with Chenault when WCAU-TV was owned by CBS. He joined WCAU in 1992. Prior to that he was the weekend anchor at KPRC-TV in Houston, Texas and the 11 pm weeknight anchor at South Carolina's highest rated TV station, CBS affiliate WCSC-TV in Charleston.
After leaving WCAU, Lake published three books, Henderson Harbor (2012), Association Island (2013), and Hang on and Fly, A Post-War Story of Plane Crash Tragedies, Heroism, and Survival (2015). Hang on and Fly is about the early low-cost airlines of America and how one of many crashes among these upstart airlines led to the largest group of crash survivors stranded for a long time without rescue in North America. The story features a Syrian-American who becomes a national hero, a stewardess who gets limited credit for her role among the survivors because of her gender, and a simple farmer's wife who helps rescue the survivors while keeping a deadly secret of her own. It also features America's top plane crash investigator who makes the first visit to a commercial airlines crash. The story reveals that some of the survivors stole money from the dead.
Lake began working for daily and weekly newspapers while attending State University of New York at Fredonia. He concurrently worked for commercial radio stations in Buffalo and Dunkirk, New York, in addition to the campus station, WCVF-FM.
He has also worked for several newspapers: The Walton (New York) Reporter, 1978–1981; The Jamestown (New York) Post-Journal, 1981–1982; The North Myrtle Beach Times (South Carolina), 1982-1983. He has also worked at a number of other radio and television stations, including: WCVF, Fredonia, NY; WZIR, Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY; WDOE, Dunkirk, NY; WNMB, North Myrtle Beach, SC; KPRC-TV, Houston, TX. Lake has covered news events throughout New York State, North and South Carolina, Texas and Mexico, Washington, DC, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. He has won numerous awards for newspaper writing and radio and television reporting and is the tenth child in a family of thirteen.
Lake has published for Arcadia Books and what appears to be his own company, Lake Publishing. He's also written long-form historical articles for The Buffalo News, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Jamestown Post-Journal, and for Thousand Islands Life magazine.
The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia inducted Lake into its Hall of Fame in 2011.
# Through the Eyes of Heathens

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Through The Eyes Of Heathens is Dozer's fourth album. It was recorded at the Seawolf Studios in Helsinki. The album was released on Small Stone Records with whom they had signed on to earlier that year. The album includes the track Until Man Exists No More which features guest vocals by Troy Sanders of Mastodon.

## Track listing

* "Drawing Dead" - 4:38
* "Born a Legend" - 3:24
* "From Fire Fell" - 2:39
* "Until Man Exists No More" - 5:08
* "Days of Future Past" - 3:45
* "Omega Glory" - 5:00
* "Blood Undone" - 4:44
* "The Roof, The River, The Revolver" - 3:07
* "Man of Fire" - 3:16
* "Big Sky Theory" - 8:28
# Tim Battersby

Tim Battersby (born 16 March 1949) is a British composer and performer of children's music.

## Biography

Tim Battersby was born in Fleet, Hampshire, on 16 March 1949 and was educated at Lancing College. His father was British diplomat E.W. Battersby, OBE (1916–1997). In 1977, he composed the music for a Smithsonian Institution film entitled The Last Chance, which debuted at The National Zoo in Washington D.C. in May 1978.
As one half of The Battersby Duo, he has received three Parents' Choice Awards and an American Cable Emmy. The Battersby Duo has performed at The White House six times, as well as The Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, The Tampa Bay Performing Arts Center, The Filene Center at Wolf Trap, The Savannah Music Festival, and Charleston's Piccolo Spoleto Festival. The Battersby Duo has also appeared on The Today Show on NBC. On 1 December 2010, The Battersby Duo was nominated for a Grammy Award for their latest children's CD, Sunny Days.

## Discography

* A Tail of Too Sillies (1993)
* Too Sillies Two (1999)
* By the Book (2003)
* Color Magic (2008)
* "Painting Box" (2008)
* " Sunny Days" (2010)
# Eastern Goleta Valley, California

Eastern Goleta Valley is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. It is located between Goleta to the west, Santa Barbara to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the south, and the Santa Ynez Mountains to the north and includes the communities of Noleta and Hope Ranch. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau designated the area as a census-designated place (CDP) prior to the 2020 census. Prior to the incorporation of Goleta in 2002 within a narrower set of boundaries, the area was included in the Goleta CDP.

## Demographics

Eastern Goleta Valley first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.

### 2020 Census

Eastern Goleta Valley CDP, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 17,661 | 61.63% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 204 | 0.71% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 82 | 0.29% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1,714 | 5.98% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 52 | 0.18% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 173 | 0.60% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 1,312 | 4.58% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 7,458 | 26.03% |
| Total | 28,656 | 100.00% |
# ETD

ETD may refer to:

## Science and technology

* Eustachian tube dysfunction, a disorder of the middle ear
* Everhart–Thornley detector
* Explosives trace detector or explosive trace detection
* Eye-tracking device, an experiment on the International Space Station
* Electron-transfer dissociation
* End-of-train device

## Businesses and organizations

* Club of Four (French: Société Européenne de Travaux et de Développement), an alliance of French truck manufacturers
* Estuary Transit District, an American transit operator
* ICAO designator for Etihad Airways, an Emirati airline
* Exoplanet Transit Database, a database of exoplanet transit observations
* Etadunna Airstrip, IATA airport code "ETD"

## Other uses

* Electronic Theses and Dissertations, a term used by librarians for a class of institutional repository item
* Estimated time of departure
* Exchange-traded derivative contract, a financial instrument
* Spyro: Enter the Dragonfly, a 2002 platform video game
# ETEC

ETEC may refer to:
* Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, a bacterium
* Energy Technology Engineering Center, a nuclear engineering complex in California
* Etec Systems, Inc., a technology company
* Escadron de transport, d'entrainement et de calibration, a unit of the French Air Force
* E-TEC II, a car engine
* ETEC Lauro Gomes, an educational facility located in São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
# Timeline of Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2019)

This is a timeline of events during the Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) in 2019.

## Chronology
### January–July

* 14 January 2019 - An IS attack on a checkpoint northwest of Kirkuk resulted in the death of 1 PMU fighter.
* 9 February 2019 - 2 Iraqi bomb disposal soldiers were killed while defusing a bomb in the city of Hīt, West of Ramadi.
* 2 February 2019 - Popular Mobilization Forces killed 2 IS fighters trying to sneak into Diyala Governorate from the Hamreen mountains area.
* 17 March 2019 - Clashes between the Iraqi Army and PKK in Sinjar left 2 Iraqi soldiers dead and 5 militants wounded according to the Iraqi Military. The fighting started after PKK militia fighters were denied passage through an army checkpoint.
* 7 July 2019 - The Iraqi army launched an Operation, dubbed "Will of Victory" to clear the Salahaddin, Nineveh and Anbar provinces of IS sleeper cells. It had concluded by 11 July 2019.

### August

* 10 August 2019 - A US marine was killed in the Nineveh Governorate by IS while advising Iraqi security forces.

### September

* 10 September 2019 - A massive bombing of Qanus Island, on the Tigris River south of Mosul, leveled an IS transit and operations hub.
* 20 September 2019 – 2019 Karbala bombing: An unidentified man boarded a minibus in the southern Iraqi city of Karbala, disembarking a little later after having left a bag behind. It exploded shortly afterwards, killing 12 and wounding five others. The suspect was later arrested and the Islamic State claimed responsibility. The bombing was one of the worst attack against civilians since the end of the War in Iraq.

### October

* 21 October 2019 - IS attacked an Iraqi security checkpoint in the Allas oilfields area in northern Salahuddin province, killing 2 and wounding 3 security members.
* 30 October 2019 - Rockets were fired into the Green Zone in Baghdad near the US embassy amid mass protests against the Iraqi government, an Iraqi soldier was reportedly killed by the rocket fire.

### December

* 3 December 2019 - Iraqi security forces announce the capture of Baghdadi's "deputy" who operated under the name of "Abu Khaldoun". According to security officials, a police unit in Hawija, Kirkuk Governorate, tracked down Khaldoun to an apartment in the March 1 area where he was hiding; he possessed a fake I.D. under the name of Shaalan Obeid when apprehended. Khaldoun was previously IS's "military prince" of Iraq's Saladin Governorate.
* 17 December 2019 - A coalition airstrike targeted IS locations in Makhmur District.
# Eagle Bill

Frank William Wood (April 10, 1942 – May 22, 2005), better known as Eagle Bill Amato, was a Cherokee marijuana medicine man known for popularizing the vaporizer, mostly used for vaporizing cannabis and promoting the use of medical marijuana. Eagle Bill is also the inventor of the first popular portable vaporizer, the Eagle Bill Shake & Vape. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.
# Times College, Hong Kong

Times College is a private full-time secondary school in Hong Kong.
# Tillia massacres

On 21 March 2021, armed jihadists from the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara attacked the villages of Intazayane, Bakorat, Wirsnat, and several other hamlets and camps around Tillia, Tahoua Region, Niger. The attacks killed 141 people, mostly civilians, and injured several others.

## Background

In 2020, the French army launched a large offensive on the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara, which came at the same time as a large offensive by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) in the tri-border area between Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso. The offensives inflicted heavy losses on ISGS, and the group seemed weakened. At the start of 2021 with the Tchoma Bangou and Zaroumdareye massacres, ISGS began killing civilians en masse in western Niger in several attacks, and also began attacking Mali and Burkina Faso.
On 15 March, a week before the massacres in Tillia, ISGS fighters killed 66 people in Darey-Daye and Chinagodrar, in the neighboring Tillabéri Region.

## Attacks

The attacks began at around 12:00 p.m. GMT, when armed ISGS fighters rode up in the towns on motorcycles and shot indiscriminately at "anything that moved", according to an anonymous local elected official. The jihadists also torched camps in Akofafof that housed refugees, including women and children. The main victims of the massacres were Tuaregs.
While the attack was not claimed, the perpetrators are suspected to be the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara. France 24 journalist Wassim Nasr reiterated that ISGS conducted the attack, and stated that the massacres were reprisals for the civilians in those villages not paying zakat to ISGS. Nasr also stated that the villagers were more sympathetic to JNIM, and that there had been a spate of assassinations against pro-JNIM civilians in the area prior to the attack.

## Aftermath

The Nigerien government stated that 137 civilians were killed, making it the deadliest jihadist attack in Niger's history. This death toll rose to 141 by June 2022. At least 22 of the dead were children aged 5 to 17. Nigerien president Mohamed Bazoum announced three days of national mourning for the victims of the attack, and also vowed that the government would reinforce security in the region.
The attacks were condemned by the United States, African Union, the UN Secretary General António Guterres, Turkey, India, and Algeria. They were also condemned by the International Rescue Committee.
# Tillicoultry, Sri Lanka

Tillicoultry, Sri Lanka is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.