OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Serum amyloid P component

The serum amyloid P component (SAP) is the identical serum form of the amyloid P component (AP), a 25 kDa pentameric protein first identified as the pentagonal constituent of in vivo pathological deposits called "amyloid". APCS is its human gene.

## In amyloidosis

SAP makes up 14% of the dry mass of amyloid deposits and is thought to be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of a related group of diseases called the Amyloidoses. These conditions are characterised by the ordered aggregation of normal globular proteins and peptides into insoluble fibres, which disrupt tissue architecture and are associated with cell death. SAP is thought to decorate and stabilise aggregates by preventing proteolytic cleavage and hence inhibiting fibril removal via the normal protein scavenging mechanisms. This association is utilised in the routine clinical diagnostic technique of SAP scintigraphy whereby radio-labelled protein is injected into patients to locate areas of amyloid deposition. The SAP-amyloid association has also been identified as a possible drug target for anti-amyloid therapy, with the recent development and first stage clinical trials of a compound called CPHPC (R-1-[6-[R-2-carboxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-oxohexanoyl] pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a small molecule able to strip AP from deposits by reducing levels of circulating SAP.

## Structure

SAP is a member of the pentraxins family, characterised by calcium-dependent ligand binding and a distinctive flattened β-jellyroll structure similar to that of the legume lectins. The name "pentraxin" is derived from the Greek words for five (penta) and berries (ragos), relating to the radial symmetry of five monomers forming a ring approximately 95 across and 35 deep. Human SAP has 51% sequence homology with C-reactive protein (CRP), a classical acute phase response plasma protein, and is a more distant relative to the "long" pentraxins such as PTX3 (a cytokine-modulated molecule) and several neuronal pentraxins. Both SAP and CRP are evolutionary conserved in all vertebrates and are also found in distant invertebrates such as the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus).
# Shakawe Airport

Shakawe Airport (IATA: SWX, ICAO: FBSW) is an airport serving Shakawe, a village in the North-West District of Botswana.
It is the gateway to the northern part of the Okavango Delta and the Linyati area. Direct charter flights are operated to the aerodrome. It is owned by the Department of Civil Aviation.
* Aerial view of airport Shakawe (2019)
* Apron
# Seven Keys

Seven Keys can refer to:
* Seven Keys (game show), an American game show hosted by Jack Narz which ran during 1960–65
* Seven Keys (film distributor), a film distributor based in Australia and Great Britain
* Seven Keys (film), a 1962 film
# Shanghai Film Critics Award for Best Actor

Best Actor is one of the main category of Shanghai Film Critics Awards.

## Winners list

| Year | Winner | Chinese Name | Title(s) | Chinese Title(s) |
| 2014 | Liao Fan | 廖凡 | Black Coal, Thin Ice | 《白日烟火》 |
| 2013 | Zhang Guoli | 张国立 | Back to 1942 | 《一九四二》 |
| 2012 | Chen Kun | 陈坤 | Qian Xue Sen | 《钱学森》 |
| 2011 | Jiang Wen | 姜文 | The Lost Bladesman | 《关云长》 |
| 2010 | Donnie Yen | 甄子丹 | Bodyguards and Assassins | 《十月围城》 |
| 2009 | Wu Gang | 吴刚 | Iron Man | 《铁人》 |
| 2008 | Jet Li | 李连杰 | The Warlords | 《投名状》 |
| 2007 | Jay Chow | 周杰伦 | Curse of the Golden Flower | 《满城尽带黄金甲》 |
| 2006 | Chen Kun | 陈坤 | The Music Box | 《理发师》 |
| 2005 | Wang Luoyong | 王洛勇 | Deng Xiaoping 1928 | 《邓小平1928》 |
| 2004 | Li Youbin | 李幼斌 | Jing Tao Hai Lang | 《惊涛骇浪》 |
| 2003 | Jiang Wen | 姜文 | The Missing Gun | 《寻枪》 |
| 2002 | Chen Jun | 陈军 | Chen Tianhua | 《陈天华》 |
| 2001 | N/A |
| 1999 | Feng Gong | 冯巩 | Mei shi tou zhe le | 《没事偷着乐》 |
| 1998 | Lin Liankun | 林连昆 | The Opium War | 《鸦片战争》 |
| 1997 | Liu Peiqi | 刘佩奇 | The Days Without Lei Feng | 《离开雷锋的日子》 |
| 1995 | Niu Zhenhua | 牛振华 | Back to Back,Face to Face | 《背靠背，脸对脸》 |
| 1994 | Xiao Rongsheng | 肖荣生 | City Tale | 《都是情话》 |
# Cassano Irpino

Cassano Irpino is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, southern Italy.
# Shah of Shahs

Shah of Shahs can refer to:
* Shahanshah, a title meaning "Shah of Shahs"
** Shahanshah (disambiguation), other possible meanings of Shahanshah
* Shah of Shahs (book), a book by Ryszard Kapuściński
# Cassidini

The Cassidini are a tribe within the leaf beetle subfamily Cassidinae. The Cassidini comprises approximately 40 genera worldwide, and is one of the largest tribes in the subfamily, containing most of the genera and species known collectively as "tortoise beetles". The subfamily names Cassidinae and Hispinae were both founded by Gyllenhal in the same 1813 book, but following the Principle of the First Reviser, Chen in this case, priority is given to the name Cassidinae.

## Genera

* Acrocassis
* Aethiopocassis
* Agroiconota
* Aidoia
* Andevocassis
* Aporocassida
* Austropsecadia
* Basipta
* Bradycassis
* Capelocassis
* Cassida
* Chacocassis
* Charidotella
* Charidotis
* Chelysida
* Chersinellina
* Chiridopsis
* Chiridula
* Coptocycla
* Crambelea
* Cteisella
* Ctenocassida
* Ctenocharidotis
* Ctenophilaspis
* Cyclocassis
* Deloyala
* Drepanocassis
* Emdenia
* Erbolaspis
* Eremionycha
* Erepsocassis
* Exestastica
* Floridocassis
* Fornicocassis
* Glyphocassis
* Gratiana
* Hovacassis
* Hybosa
* Hypocassida
* Ischiocassis
* Ischnocodia
* Ischyronota
* Jonthonota
* Leptocodia
* Limnocassis
* Lorentzocassis
* Macromonycha
* Malayocassis
* Meroscalsis
* Metriona
* Metrionella
* Mexicaspis
* Microctenochira
* Nabathea
* Nuzonia
* Oocassida
* Opacinota
* Orexita
* Orobiocassis
* Oxylepus
* Parachirida
* Parorectis
* Pilemostoma
* Plagiometriona (incl. Helocassis)
* Psalidoma
* Pseudoctenochira
* Rhacocassis
* Rhoia
* Rhytidocassis
* Saulaspis
* Scaeocassis
* Seminabathea
* Silana
* Smeringaspis
* Sphenocassis
* Strongylocassis
* Syngambria
* Tapinaspis
* Tegocassis
* Tetracassis
* Thlaspida
* Thlaspidosoma
* Thlaspidula
* Trichaspis
* Trigonocassis
* Vietocassis
# Shahrdari Square (Shiraz)

Shahrdari (Shohada) Square is a square in Shiraz, Iran where Hejrat Street, Piruzi Street and Zand Boulevard meet. There are Shiraz Municipality, Arg of Karim Khan and Shiraz main court near this location.

## Transportation
### Streets

* Zand Boulevard
* Hejrat Street
* Piruzi Street

### Buses

* Route 1
* Route 2
* Route 14
* Route 35
# Castlelyons GAA

Castlelyons GAA is a Gaelic football and hurling club located in the small town of Castlelyons in east County Cork, Ireland. The club is affiliated with Cork county board and Imokilly division.

## Roll of Honour

Football:
* East Cork Junior B Championship Winners (2) 1968, 2005
* Cork Junior B Football Championship Winners (2) 1989, 2014
Hurling:
* Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship Winners (1) 2023 (Runners-up) 2013, 2020, 2021
* Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship Winners (1) 1998
* Munster Intermediate Club Hurling Championship Winners (1) 1998
* Cork Junior Hurling Championship Winners (1) 1997
* Munster Junior Club Hurling Championship Winners (1) 1997
* East Cork Junior A Hurling Championship Winners (3) 1955, 1993, 1997
* Cork Junior B Hurling Championship Winners (1) 1991
* East Cork Junior B Hurling Championship Winners (4) 1953, 1965, 1972, 1986
* Cork Under-21 B Hurling Championship Winner (1) 2010
* Cork Premier Minor Hurling Championship Runners-Up 2011
* Cork Premier 2 Minor Hurling Championship Winners (1) 2010

## Notable players

* Timmy McCarthy
* Eoin Fitzgerald
* Niall O'Leary
* Ciaran McGann
* Colm Barry
* Colm Spillane
# Shahul Hameed (umpire)

Moideen Shahul Hameed (born 26 November 1970) is an Indian cricket umpire representing Indonesia in international cricket. At the international level, he stood in ten One Day International matches in 2006 and 2007. He was a member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) Associate and Affiliate Panel of Umpires from 2006 until 2014.
# Castilleja brevistyla

Castilleja brevistyla is a species of Castilleja (Indian paintbrush) known by the common name shortstyle Indian paintbrush.
It is endemic to California, where it grows on the grassy mountain slopes surrounding the San Joaquin Valley.

## Description

This annual herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall with linear leaves each a few centimeters long. The inflorescence has bracts tipped in pink or reddish purple. Between the bracts appear pouched, fuzzy purplish or pink flowers.
# Castilleja densiflora

Castilleja densiflora is a herbaceous flowering plant species known by the common names denseflower Indian paintbrush or white / denseflower owlclover. Like other members of the Indian paintbrushes, it is a root-parasite. It is native to California and northern Baja California, where it grows in grassland and chaparral habitat. It is a variable species. It is generally 10 to 40 centimeters tall with linear or lance-shaped leaves up to 8 centimeters long, and with or without lobes. The inflorescence is as small as 3 centimeters or as long as 25 centimeters in length, and has bracts tipped in white to dull or bright pink or purple. Between the bracts appear the flowers, which are somewhat rounded and pouched, and white to yellow to pink or purple in color.
# Shallowford, Devon

Shallowford is a hamlet in the civil parish of Lynton and Lynmouth in the North Devon district of Devon, England. Its nearest town is Lynton, which lies approximately 3.2 miles (5.1 km) north-east from the hamlet.
* This Devon location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Catesbaea

Catesbaea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It occurs in the West Indies, The Bahamas, and the Florida Keys. The genus is named in honour of English naturalist Mark Catesby.

## Species

* Catesbaea ekmaniana Urb. - Haiti
* Catesbaea flaviflora Urb. - Cuba
* Catesbaea foliosa Millsp. - Bahamas, Turks & Caicos Islands
* Catesbaea fuertesii Urb. - Dominican Republic
* Catesbaea gamboana Urb. - Cuba
* Catesbaea glabra Urb. - Dominican Republic, Haiti
* Catesbaea grayi Griseb. - Cuba, Haiti
* Catesbaea holacantha C.Wright ex Griseb. - Cuba
* Catesbaea longispina A.Rich. - Cuba
* Catesbaea macrantha C.Wright - Cuba
* Catesbaea melanocarpa Urb. - tropical lilythorn - Puerto Rico, Leeward Islands
* Catesbaea microcarpa Urb. - Haiti
* Catesbaea nana Greenm. - Cuba
* Catesbaea parviflora Sw. - smallflower lilythorn or dune lilythorn - Florida Keys, Bahamas, Turks & Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico
* Catesbaea parvifolia DC. - Dominican Republic, Haiti
* Catesbaea sphaerocarpa Urb. - Haiti
* Catesbaea spinosa L. - Cuba, Bahamas
# Catesbaea melanocarpa

Catesbaea melanocarpa is a rare species of flowering plant in the coffee family known by the common name tropical lilythorn. It is native to five Caribbean islands: Puerto Rico, St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands, Antigua, Barbuda, and one island in Guadeloupe. The plant is threatened by habitat loss.
This is a shrub which can reach three meters in height, its spreading branches lined with spines up to two centimeters long. Between the spines are clusters of green leaves with blades up to 2.5 centimeters long by 1.5 wide. Flowers are solitary or grow in pairs from the leaf axils. The funnel-shaped white corolla of the flower is about a centimeter long. The fruit is round and black in color.
This plant was first discovered on Antigua. The original specimens were kept in an herbarium in Berlin until they were destroyed in a bombing during World War II. Today the plant is reportedly rare in Antigua and its abundance and distribution in Barbuda and Guadeloupe is not well known. There is a single remaining wild specimen in highly disturbed, privately owned land in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico; approximately 100 plants remain on St. Croix. Its rarity in these insular areas of the United States prompted its listing as an endangered species of that country in 1999. It has a high risk of extinction because of its low numbers and the threats that still remain. The main threats are habitat destruction during development of residential areas and tourist destinations, fires, and any single severe event that could destroy large sections of the remaining populations, such as a hurricane. For example, the plant was difficult to locate after Hurricane Hugo in 1989.
In the insular areas, the plant occurs in subtropical dry forests, which are relatively dry compared to other habitat types on the islands, receiving up to 40 inches (100 centimeters) of rain yearly.
# Shangshi

Shangshi may refer to:
* Shangshi, Guangxi, town of Pingxiang, Guangxi, China
* Shangshi, Hubei, town of Sui County, Hubei, China
* Royal Feast (尚食; Shàngshí), 2022 Chinese television series
# Shangshu Township

Shangshu Township (simplified Chinese: 上墅乡; traditional Chinese: 上墅鄉; pinyin: Shàngshù Xiāng) is a township under the administration of Anji County, Zhejiang, China. As of 2020, it has seven villages under its administration:
* Shangshu Village
* Dongling Village (董岭村)
* Liujiatang Village (刘家塘村)
* Luo Village (罗村)
* Tiangai Village (田垓村)
* Longwang Village (龙王村)
* Shiruan Village (施阮村)
# Caseoides

Caseoides is an extinct genus of large caseid synapsids that lived in the Kungurian Age (late Early Permian epoch). It was about 3 metres (9.8 ft) long, and like many other caseids, it was herbivorous and aquatic. It weighed between 150 and 200 kilograms (330 and 440 lb). Its fossils were found in San Angelo Formation, Texas. Caseoides was very similar to Casea, but was slightly larger in size. Caseoides was a heavily built creature, as are most of the Caseids (except Caseopsis). In the development of its proportionally thick, stout limbs it represents the culmination of the Casea lineage. Its relatives became smaller during the Roadian Age. Only poorly preserved postcranial material is known including limbs.
# Cathy Ross

Cathy Ross may refer to:
* Cathy Ross (missiologist) (born 1961), New Zealand-born missiologist
* Cathy Ross (soccer) (born 1967), Canadian soccer player
# Shale (disambiguation)

Shale is a sedimentary rock.
Shale may also refer to:

## Places

* Shalë (river), a river in northern Albania
* Shalë, Albania, a municipal unit in Shkodër County, northern Albania
* Shalë, the Albanian name for the Sedlare, settlement in the municipality of Vučitrn, Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo
* Shalës, s municipality in Elbasan District, central Albania

## Other uses

* Shale (horse), Irish Thoroughbred racehorse
* Shale (surname)
* Shales (surname)
* Shale Framework (software), computer software
* Shale oil
* Oil shale
# Cassel, South Africa

Cassel is a village near Kuruman, in John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa.
Cassel Village is situated 90 km North West of Kuruman in the Northern Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. Cassel is under the chieftaincy of the Batlhaping-ba-ga-Phuduhutswana in the last legally and traditionally recognised chief, Kgosi Mothusi Godfrey Thaganyane *deceased*. The late Kgosi Mothusi G. Thaganyane did not have a son. Consequently, the chieftaincy is yet to be traditionally handed over to his eldest daughter. However the daughter is still a minor and as a result the chieftaincy is still under controversial discussions as to who has to be an interim chief.
Cassel has two effective pre-schools in Kaing and Kagishong Early Learning Centres, two primary schools called Pulelo and Simololang, one Kopano Middle School and the one high school named after the wife of the late Kgosi M.G. Thaganyane, Nametsegang High School.
Cassel has very low infrastructure especially water and sanitation. People are getting water from the communal taps while they also use pit toilets. The level of employment is very low and most of the economically active people are working at Kuruman and Kathu areas either as mine workers and others as domestic workers. The village also has an annual problem or experience of people who found themselves working as seasonal workers in the areas of Upington and Kakamas. These workers are living behind children with no food to survive.
Demographics Total number of population per EA.= 3894 (2010) Population Group Black African = 3834 Coloured = 30 White = 00 Indian or Asian = 09 Others = 21
DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK Cattles Goats Donkeys Sheep Horses Chickens Dogs Cats
Type of Work: Mines Domestic Work Farms Seasonal Work Government Self employed
School and ECDs: ECD - Kagishong Crech, Kaing Pre school, D.S Bosman ECD Primary- Simololang Primary and Pulelo Primary Intermediate - Kopano Secondary/High - Nametsegang
Opportunities in the Area (Strength of the Community) •Human Resource –Skills (There are local people with sewing skills) •Agricultural opportunities (Farming in both Animal and Crop Production)
Community Needs: •Sports Ground •Community hall •Road Infrastructure and Maintenance •Police station •Employment •Orphanage or Charity home •Hospital •Infrastructure the for disabilities and old age •Abet schools
Mode of Transport: Taxis Bicycles Donkey Carts Hitch-hiking
Libraries: Post Office Kutlwano Youth Centre
# Sheen Kach Dam

Sheen Kach Dam is small dam in Frontier Region Tank of FATA, Pakistan.
Construction of project started in 2012, and was completed in December 2014 with a projected cost of PKR 189.230 Million. The dam has a height of 21 metres (69 ft) and length of 200 metres (656 ft).
The dam will irrigate 31 square kilometres (12 sq mi) of cultivable lands, with a total storage volume of around 320,000 cubic metres (260 acre⋅ft).
# Catlin Township, Vermilion County, Illinois

Catlin Township is a township in Vermilion County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,300 and it contained 1,342 housing units.

## History

Catlin Township was created in 1858.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 50.07 square miles (129.7 km$^2$), of which 49.79 square miles (129.0 km$^2$) (or 99.44%) is land and 0.28 square miles (0.73 km$^2$) (or 0.56%) is water.

## Cities and towns

* Catlin

### Extinct towns

* Bennett
* Charity
* Ryan

### Adjacent townships

* Blount Township (north)
* Danville Township (east)
* Georgetown Township (southeast)
* Carroll Township (south)
* Jamaica Township (southwest)
* Vance Township (west)
* Oakwood Township (northwest)

### Cemeteries

The township contains fourteen cemeteries: Allhands, Cox, Dougherty, God's Acre, Hickman, Jones Grove, Kight's, Mount Vernon, New Atherton, Oak Ridge, Pate, Songer, Spicer Family Plot and Wright Family.

### Major highways

* Interstate 74
* U.S. Route 150

### Airports and landing strips

* Cast Airport

### Lakes

* Skyline Lake

## School districts

* Salt Fork Community Unit School District 512
* Danville Community Consolidated School District 118
* Georgetown-Ridge Farm Consolidated Unit School District 4
* Oakwood Community Unit School District 76
* Westville Community Unit School District 2

## Political districts

* Illinois' 15th congressional district
* State House District 104
* State Senate District 52
# Shefford Woodlands

Shefford Woodlands is a village in West Berkshire, England, about 3 miles (5 km) northeast of the market town of Hungerford. The village is in the civil parish of Great Shefford, about 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of Great Shefford village. Shefford Woodlands is about 545 feet (166 m) above sea level in the Berkshire Downs, and just north of Junction 14 on the M4.

## History

Shefford Woodlands developed where the road linking Hungerford and Wantage (later a turnpike, now the A338) crossed the Roman road of Ermin Street linking Silchester and Gloucester. Woodlands House and the barn next to White House were built in the 18th century. The barn is a timber-framed building, originally of six bays, and enlarged in the 19th century. Both are now Grade II listed buildings. In the 19th and 20th centuries there were significant Wesleyan and Primitive Methodist congregations in Great Shefford parish, and Shefford Woodlands had a Methodist chapel. It fell into disuse, but then in 1911 was consecrated as the Church of England church of St Stephen, making it a dependent chapelry of the parish of St Mary, Great Shefford. Sunday services at St Stephen's are held once a month. The church is a Grade II listed building.

## Amenities

The Pheasant Inn and a childcare centre are just outside the village.
# Shefford railway station

Shefford was a railway station on the Bedford to Hitchin Line which served the town of Shefford in Bedfordshire, England. Opened in 1857, it gave more than a century of service before closing in 1962.

## History

Shefford station was opened by the Midland Railway in 1857 as part of its line from Bedford to Hitchin, part of an original scheme to allow its Midland Main Line a direct route to London using the rival Great Northern Railway metals from Hitchin. When this did not work out, the Great Northern giving preference to their trains at the Hitchin junction, the Midland decided to build a new line south from Bedford to their new St Pancras station in London. This new section opened in 1868. This Passenger traffic over the Bedford to Hitchin section then became minimal and services were reduced to a shuttle by 1880. The section between Southill and Shefford was the only part to remain double-tracked after 1911.
The station building differed from the others on the line in that it was originally constructed of wood and stood on the viaduct which carried the line across Shefford High Street. Following nationalisation in 1948, British Railways demolished the station building and replaced it with a pre-fabricated concrete structure at road level. The platforms were replaced by timber ones which came from Carpenders Park station. The station's goods yard was located on the opposite site of the High Street, and despite its small size, it still managed to handle a substantial amount of agricultural traffic.
The inter-war years saw a decline in traffic with the introduction of buses between Bedford and Hitchin. Traffic picked up again during the Second World War when troop specials were run to enable conscripts to return home from the RAF camps at Cardington and Henlow. The introduction of railbuses after the war did little to improve traffic, and the line closed in 1962.

### Stationmasters

* W. Peacock until 1861
* R.V. Warwick 1861 - 1862
* J. Ward 1862 - 1863
* C. Tidball 1863 - 1864
* I. Broom from 1864
* Luke Fox ca. 1871 until 1875
* Daniel Heath from 1875 - 1887
* F. Watkin 1887 - 1890
* John Walters 1890 - 1898
* Frederick Christian 1898 - 1909
* Frank G. Sugars 1909 - 1921 (also station master at Southill, afterwards station master at Pye Bridge)
* Alfred Ballard 1921 - 1930 (formerly station master at Old Dalby, also station master at Southill)
* John F. Georgeson ca. 1946 (also station master at Henlow)
* R.C.T. Wilson from 1950 (formerly station master at Manton)
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Southill | London, Midland and Scottish Railway Bedford to Hitchin Line | Henlow Camp |

## Present day

The station buildings were demolished soon after closure to make way for new housing, with the viaduct following in November 1976. The housing estate is situated on a road named "Old Station Way". After the line had closed, a proposal was made to re-use the trackbed as part of a bypass for the town, but this idea was not pursued. The site of the goods yard is now the location of Shefford Industrial Park.