OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gamma Scuti

Gamma Scuti, Latinized from γ Scuti, is a single, white-hued star in the southern constellation of Scutum. The apparent visual magnitude of 4.67 indicates this is a dim star but visible to the naked eye. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 10.21 mas as seen from Earth, this star is located about 319 light years from the Sun. Currently it is moving towards the Solar System at 41 km/s, which means in 2.35 million years it will pass at just 20 ly (5.519 pc) distance, probably becoming the brightest star in the night sky, at magnitude −2.1, for a period.
This is an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A2:V. At the age of 237 million years, it is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 222 km/s. This is giving the star an oblate shape with a prominent equatorial bulge that is estimated to be 21% larger than the polar radius. The star has an estimated 2.91 times the mass of the Sun and 4.1 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 150 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,016 K.
# Gabriel Tęczyński

Gabriel Tęczyński (1572–1617) was a Polish noble who governed the Lublin Voivode during the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
# Sahibganj Junction railway station

Sahibganj Junction railway station is an important railway junction station on Sahibganj loop line under the Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It is situated beside National Highway 80 at Sahebganj in Sahebganj district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
# Gale J. Young

Gale J. Young (1912–1990) was an American engineer, mathematical physicist, biophysicist, and applied mathematician. He is known as a pioneer of nuclear engineering and as one of the namesakes of the Eckart-Young theorem in linear algebra.

## Education and career

He graduated in 1933 with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from the Milwaukee School of Engineering. At the University of Chicago he became in 1933 a graduate student in physics and received in 1936 a master's degree in mathematical physics. He continued to be affiliated with the University of Chicago until 1940 when he became the head of the physics and mathematics departments at Olivet College in Michigan. In early 1942 he returned to Chicago to work in Eugene Wigner's Theoretical Group developing nuclear reactors. Wigner claimed that Gale Young was his "main helper in 1942 in designing a nuclear pile cooled by water." From 1942 to 1946 Young was a research associate on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago's Metallurgical Laboratory (Met Lab). He later shared the patent for the design of water-cooled nuclear reactors. In 1946 he joined Wigner at the Clinton Laboratories, which was renamed Clinton National Laboratory in late 1947 and again renamed in January 1948 as Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). In 1948 Young and John R. Menke (1919–2009) founded Nuclear Development Associates (NDA), Inc., the first privately owned nuclear firm. Menke was the president and Young was the research director. When NDA was taken over by the United Nuclear Company, Young remained with the company until 1962. In 1962 he returned to ORNL as an assistant laboratory director, working on non-military applications of nuclear energy, especially desalination of seawater.

## Selected publications

* Eckart, Carl; Young, Gale (1936). "The approximation of one matrix by another of lower rank". Psychometrika. 1 (3): 211–218. doi:10.1007/BF02288367. S2CID 10163399. (statement and proof of the Eckart-Young theorem)
* Householder, A. S.; Young, Gale (1938). "Matrix Approximation and Latent Roots". The American Mathematical Monthly. 45 (3): 165–171. doi:10.1080/00029890.1938.11990787.
* Young, Gale; Householder, A. S. (1938). "Discussion of a set of points in terms of their mutual distances". Psychometrika. 3: 19–22. doi:10.1007/BF02287916. S2CID 122400126.
* Eckart, Carl; Young, Gale (1939). "A principal axis transformation for non-hermitian matrices". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 45 (2): 118–122. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1939-06910-3.
* Offner, Franklin; Weinberg, Alvin; Young, Gale (1940). "Nerve conduction theory: Some mathematical consequences of Bernstein's model". Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics. 2 (2): 89–103. doi:10.1007/BF02478173. (See Julius Bernstein.)
* Young, Gale (1941). "Maximum likelihood estimation and factor analysis". Psychometrika. 6: 49–53. doi:10.1007/bF02288574. S2CID 120941345.
# SS Homer

The SS Homer was a sidewheel paddle steamer which plied the waters of the Mississippi River and its tributaries. Built in 1859 in Parkersburg, West Virginia, she was 148 feet (45 m) long, 28 feet (8.5 m) wide, and 5 feet (1.5 m) deep. Her first significant service was in 1860, when she was used as a packet steamer on the Red and Ouachita Rivers, under master and co-owner Samuel Applegate. In 1861, after the start of the American Civil War, she was contracted to the government of the Confederate States of America, and was used to transport men and war materiel. She was used to supply the defenders of Port Hudson, Louisiana, in 1864. That year she was captured by the Union Army forces of General Frederick Steele when she was about 30 miles (48 km) below Camden, Arkansas on the Ouachita River. Steele was at the time engaged in a major expedition whose goal was to reach Shreveport, Louisiana, but had stalled due to Confederate resistance and a lack of supplies. Steele had then occupied Camden, and it was during this occupation that the ship was taken, loaded with grain and other supplies. The Union forces piloted her back to Camden.
After having an attempted resupply operation thwarted by the Battle of Marks' Mills, Steele decided to abandon Camden. On April 26, 1864, Union troops left the city, abandoning or destroying equipment and supplies his draft teams were unable to haul, and scuttling all of the ships they held, including the Homer. Returning Confederate troops, observing that her cabin remained above water, were able to recover planking from the ship to fashion rafts to facilitate their crossing of the river in pursuit of Steele.
The Homer's wreck site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. It was, at the time of its listing, the only known steamer wreck on the Ouachita, and one of a small number such wrecks in Arkansas. It had at that time been subjected only to minimal archaeological study.
# Garia language

The Garia language of New Guinea may refer to:
* The Garia dialect of Uare
* The Garia dialect of Sumau
# Kingaby

Kingaby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Donald Kingaby (1920–1990), Royal Air Force officer
* Herbert Kingaby (1880–1934), British footballer
# Steven Schend

Steven E. Schend (born 1967 in Madison, Wisconsin) is an American game designer and editor who has worked on a number of products for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game from TSR throughout the 1990s.

## Biography

Steven Schend was born in Madison, Wisconsin in 1967. Schend developed an interest in the worlds of L. Frank Baum's Oz and Edgar Rice Burroughs's Barsoom. Schend grew up in Kenosha, Wisconsin, and started gaming in high school; he attended college in Madison, and graduated with a degree in English in 1989. He previously worked as a teacher, a street sweeper, a concrete curb builder and a landscaper before gaining employment in fantasy. TSR hired Schend as a Games Department editor in early 1990, and he also managed the original Marvel Super Heroes RPG line: "I started working on Marvel pretty much the day I walked in the door".
At TSR, Schend also worked on the Forgotten Realms setting. "Most of all, I'm proud of my body of work within the Realms. So much of it ties together that it's hard to pick favorites. If I had to, I'd choose the... Sea of Fallen Stars accessory as the most original world-building I've ever done." Schend and Julia Martin served as the continuity monitors for the Realms, and Schend also served as the assistant manager to the Realms product group for three years before returning to full-time design work in 1998. Schend then began working on the Alternity game line and the Star*Drive setting. Schend worked for over fifteen years with TSR, Inc., Wizards of the Coast, and other game companies as an editor, a designer, an assistant manager, and world builder.
As a game designer and editor he has worked for TSR, Inc., Wizards of the Coast, Bastion Press, Green Ronin, and Goodman Games. He later worked as an adult instructor of World Building for Writers and Game & Adventure Design workshops/seminars; also teaching college classes at various venues, including Kendall College of Art and Design. He claims his favorite role is as spokesperson for the denizens of the Forgotten Realms.
Schend has taught writing at a local college in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Schend works as a bookseller, and also writes novels, novellas, and short stories from the Forgotten Realms to his own contemporary fantasies. He has also worked on a novel in his "Vanguard" universe and a non-fiction World-Building book for writers.

## Works

Steven Schend worked on several Dungeons & Dragons game products from 1990-2001. His design work includes several products for the Forgotten Realms line, such as City of Splendors: Waterdeep (1994), Undermountain: Maddgoth's Castle (1996), Undermountain: The Lost Level (1996), Lands of Intrigue (1997), Hellgate Keep (1998), Cormanthyr: Empire of the Elves (1998), Wyrmskull Throne (1999), Skullport (1999), and Sea of Fallen Stars (1999). Schend also did some work for Bastion Press and Green Ronin Publishing.
His Forgotten Realms novels include Blackstaff (2006) and Blackstaff Tower (2008).
# Kensei Mizote

Kensei Mizote (溝手 顕正, Mizote Kensei, September 13, 1942 – April 14, 2023) was a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature).

## Life and career

A native of Hiroshima, Hiroshima and graduate of the University of Tokyo, he became mayor of Mihara, Hiroshima in 1987 and was elected to the House of Councillors for the first time in 1993. He died from complications of a stroke on April 14, 2023, at the age of 80.
# Fort Clark

Fort Clark can refer to the following locations in the United States, listed alphabetically by state:
* Fort Clark Trading Post State Historic Site, North Dakota
* Fort Clark, later Clarksville, Indiana
* Fort Clark, built at 17thc. site of former Fort Crèvecoeur near Peoria, Illinois
* Fort Osage (Fort Clark, Missouri), site of the Treaty of Fort Clark, ceding Osage Nation lands
* Fort Clark, North Carolina, site of the Battle of Hatteras Inlet Batteries
* Fort Clark, Texas, near Brackettville, Texas
# GPRC5C

G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPRC5C gene.

## Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the type 3 G protein-coupled receptor family. Members of this superfamily are characterized by a signature 7-transmembrane domain motif. The specific function of this protein is unknown; however, this protein may mediate the cellular effects of retinoic acid on the G protein signal transduction cascade. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
# Convention of conservatism

In accounting, the convention of conservatism, also known as the doctrine of prudence, is a policy of anticipating possible future losses but not future gains. It states that when choosing between two solutions, the one that will be least likely to overstate assets and income should be selected. This policy tends to understate net assets and net income, and therefore lead companies to "play safe". When given a choice between several outcomes where the probabilities of occurrence are equally likely, one should recognize that transaction resulting in the lower amount of profit, or at least the deferral of a profit.
Conservatism plays an important role in a number of accounting rules, including the allowance for doubtful debts and the lower of cost or market rule, which states that one should record inventory at the lower of either its acquisition cost or its current market value.
# Q. serrata

Q. serrata may refer to:
* Quercus serrata, the bao li, an East Asian species of tree native to China (including Taiwan), Japan and Korea
* Quintinia serrata, an evergreen tree species
# Mark MacKay

Mark MacKay (born 28 May 1964) is a German ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournaments at the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 2002 Winter Olympics.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1980–81 | St. Boniface Saints | MJHL | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1981–82 | St. Boniface Saints | MJHL | 45 | 13 | 25 | 38 | 66 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1982–83 | University of Manitoba | CWUAA | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1983–84 | University of Manitoba | CWUAA | 24 | 19 | 22 | 41 | 78 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1984–85 | Moose Jaw Warriors | WHL | 71 | 66 | 74 | 140 | 25 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1985–86 | Neusser SC | FRG.3 | 40 | 76 | 75 | 151 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1986–87 | Neusser SC | FRG.2 | 42 | 56 | 41 | 97 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Neusser SC | FRG.2 | 34 | 24 | 21 | 45 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1990–91 | Grefrather EC | GER.2 | 32 | 38 | 37 | 75 | 23 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1994–95 | ETC Timmendorfer Strand | GER.2 | 47 | 71 | 84 | 155 | 24 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 46 | 30 | 36 | 66 | 40 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 1996–97 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 48 | 23 | 39 | 62 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997–98 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 45 | 19 | 37 | 56 | 24 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 13 | 6 |
| 1998–99 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 52 | 24 | 33 | 57 | 24 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1999–2000 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 55 | 18 | 32 | 50 | 32 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2000–01 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 60 | 10 | 22 | 32 | 24 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001–02 | SERC Wild Wings | DEL | 59 | 16 | 20 | 36 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — |
| FRG.2/GER.2 totals | FRG.2/GER.2 totals | FRG.2/GER.2 totals | 155 | 189 | 183 | 372 | 65 | — | — | — | — | — |
| DEL totals | DEL totals | DEL totals | 365 | 140 | 219 | 359 | 200 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 6 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1996 | Germany | WC | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 1996 | Germany | WCH | 4 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| 1997 | Germany | OGQ | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 1997 | Germany | WC | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 1998 | Germany | OG | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 1998 | Germany | WC | 6 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| 1999 | Germany | WC B | 7 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 2 |
| 2000 | Germany | OGQ | 3 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| 2000 | Germany | WC B | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 2001 | Germany | OGQ | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | Germany | WC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 2002 | Germany | OG | 7 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Senior totals | Senior totals | Senior totals | 53 | 6 | 22 | 28 | 32 |
"Mark MacKay". Elite Prospects. Retrieved 4 May 2021.

## Awards

* WHL East Second All-Star Team – 1985
# The Blue Mountains Times

The Blue Mountains Times was an Australian newspaper from 1931 to 1937 that was based in Katoomba, New South Wales.

## History

The first issue of The Blue Mountains Times appeared on Friday, 16 October 1931. It circulated from Mount Victoria to Hazelbrook/Woodford and was printed and published at the office of Joseph Bennett & Son in Cascade Street, Katoomba, for Lorin Grant Christie. From August 1937 Ralph Bennett is listed as the proprietor. (Bennett says the paper was taken over by the management of The Katoomba Daily, Blue Mountains Newspapers Ltd., and soon closed.)

## Digitisation

The Blue Mountains Times has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project of the National Library of Australia.
# Desert View Tower

The Desert View Tower is located on Interstate 8, in Boulder Park, in western Imperial County, Southern California. It is also adjacent to remaining sections of Old U.S. Route 80. It is at 3,000 feet (910 m) in elevation, in the In-Ko-Pah Mountains.
Travel through this area has existed for centuries, and is documented in many of the nineteenth century newspapers of San Diego and elsewhere. Pioneers are known to have crossed here on trips between Yuma and San Diego. The first crossing in wheeled vehicles may have been the 1856 journey of Lt. E.B. Williston from San Diego, briefly through México, then up through Jacumba and on to Yuma. An historical plaque next to the tower marks the site of the Mountain Springs Station, a stone house used in 1862-1870 as a store from which ox teams pulled wagons up a 30% grade. Beginning in 1915, the Old Plank Road provided additional assistance for making the crossing in motorcars.
The stone tower was built over several years beginning in 1922 by Bert Vaughn, a San Diego real estate developer who owned Jacumba. Vaughn dedicated it to the pioneers, and highway and railroad builders who opened up the area. It also served as a roadside advertisement of a restaurant and bar located on the old road across from the tower. The five-story Tower houses a museum and has an observation deck on its upper level. The gift shop at the base of the Tower is a later addition.
An ensemble of sculptures of animals and other figures, called Boulder Park, is adjacent to Desert View Tower. They were sculpted in the local stone by Merle Ratcliff (spelling of his name varies across different sources) over two years during the 1930s while he was unemployed during the Great Depression. Both the tower and Boulder Park are works of folk art.
The tower and Boulder Park were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 29, 1980. As folk art, the tower and Boulder Park were included in the Twentieth Century Folk Art Environments in California Multiple Property Submission.
# The Bonny (song)

"The Bonny" is a song by Scottish singer-songwriter and acoustic guitarist Gerry Cinnamon. It was released as a single on 29 November 2019 by Little Runaway Records as the fourth single from his second studio album The Bonny. The song was written by Gerry Cinnamon, who also co-produced the song with Chris Marshall.

## Charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| Scotland (OCC) | 6 |
| UK Indie (OCC) | 13 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United Kingdom | 29 November 2019 | Digital downloadstreaming | Little Runaway |

## Cover versions

The Bonny was covered by American punk band Dropkick Murphys in 2022. It featured as a bonus track on the expanded edition of their 2021 album, Turn Up That Dial.
# Desbordes

Desbordes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Drew Desbordes, better known as Druski (born 1994), American comedian
* Gustave Borgnis-Desbordes (1839–1900), French general
* Henri Desbordes (died c.1722), French printer in Amsterdam
* Marceline Desbordes-Valmore (1786–1859), French poet and novelist
* Mario Desbordes (born 1968), Chilean politician and police officer
* Michèle Desbordes (1940–2006), French writer
# Desheng, Heilongjiang

Desheng (Chinese: 德胜; pinyin: Déshèng) is a town under the administration of Qinggang County, Heilongjiang, China. As of 2020, it administers the following twelve villages:
* Ronghua Village (荣花村)
* Longsheng Village (龙胜村)
* Yong'an Village (永安村)
* Jinglong Village (景龙村)
* Fugui Village (富贵村)
* Tongli Village (同立村)
* Yingxian Village (英贤村)
* Tongshun Village (通顺村)
* Hengsheng Village (恒生村)
* Wanghai Village (望海村)
* Jiefang Village (解放村)
* Yichang Village (一场村)
# The Dark Tower: The Sorcerer

The Dark Tower: The Sorcerer is a one-shot comic book (one-issue limited series) published by Marvel Comics. It is the first non-sequential comic book limited series based on Stephen King's The Dark Tower series of novels. It is plotted and scripted by Robin Furth, with illustrations by Richard Isanove. Stephen King is the Creative and Executive Director of the project. The issue was published on April 15, 2009.
Unlike the previous three story arcs, which follow Roland Deschain and his ka-tet, The Sorcerer follows the life and motives of The Dark Tower villain Marten Broadcloak.
| Preceded by | Followed by |
| The Dark Tower: Treachery | The Dark Tower: Fall of Gilead |

## Publication dates

* Issue #1: April 15, 2009

## Related releases

* The Dark Tower: Guide to Gilead

## Collected editions

The single-issue release of The Sorcerer was included, along with the six-issue run of The Dark Tower: Fall of Gilead, in a collected hardcover edition also entitled The Dark Tower: Fall of Gilead and released by Marvel on February 23, 2010 (ISBN 0785129510). A paperback edition was later released on November 2, 2011 (ISBN 0785129529). The issue was also included in the hardcover release of The Dark Tower Omnibus on September 21, 2011 (ISBN 0785155414).
On September 25, 2018, Gallery 13 republished the original hardcover collection as Stephen King's The Dark Tower: Beginnings - The Fall of Gilead (Book 4) (ISBN 1982108274). On October 23, 2018, this edition (along with Books 1-3 and 5) was included in the boxed set Stephen King's The Dark Tower: Beginnings - The Complete Graphic Novel Series (ISBN 1982110201).
# Derk Bodde

Derk Bodde (March 9, 1909 – November 3, 2003) was an American sinologist and historian of China known for his pioneering work on the history of the Chinese legal system.
Bodde received his undergraduate degree from Harvard University in 1930. He spent six years (1931-1937) studying in China on a fellowship. He earned a doctorate in Chinese Studies from the University of Leiden March 3, 1938. When the Fulbright scholarship program was initiated in 1948, Bodde was the first American recipient of a one-year fellowship, which he spent studying in Beijing.
He spent several decades as Professor of Chinese Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, and was a president of the American Oriental Society (1968–69). He was a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society.

## Honors

* Association for Asian Studies (AAS), 1985 Award for Distinguished Contributions to Asian Studies
# The Chosen Few (Boot Camp Clik album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| HipHopDX | 4/5 |
| RapReviews | 8/10 |
| Vibe | 4/5 |
The Chosen Few is the second studio album by American hip hop collective Boot Camp Clik. It was released on October 8, 2002 through Duck Down Music, making it the first album released from the group or any affiliate since 1999. Production was handled by Da Beatminerz, Eric "Coptic" Matlock, Curt Cazal, Dan the Man, Drew "Dru-Ha" Friedman, Alchemist, Bink!, Hi-Tek, Producers Coalition of America and TY Deals. The album features contributions from seven of the eight original members with Heltah Skeltah's Rock being the only absent member, as well as guest appearances from Jahdan Blakkamoore, Illa Noyz, Rufus Blaq, Scratch and Supreme.
The effort received very strong reviews, and the singles "And So" and "Think Back" received moderate video play. The Chosen Few was the first Boot Camp album released on an independent label, with sales reaching just over 60,000 copies in the United States.

## Track listing
### Notes

* Track 10 features additional vocals by Little Cook WTW2 and Queenia
* Track 11 features additional vocals by Danielle Henry

### Sample credits

* Track 14 contains elements from "Tomorrow I May Not Feel the Same" written by Eugene Dixon and Lena Thompson and performed by Gene Chandler

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 34 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 17 |