# Kızılcahamam

Kızılcahamam is a municipality and district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,623 km$^2$, and its population is 26,872 (2022). It is 70 km north of the city of Ankara, near the motorway to Istanbul. Its elevation is 975 m. The area is mountain and forest, a geographical boundary between central Anatolia and the Black Sea regions.
Kızılcahamam itself is a quiet market town known for its healing hot springs and mineral waters. Nearby Soğuksu National Park contains a scout camp and trails, and areas for picnic in the forest. There are hotels and guest houses including spa hotels. A sculpture of black vulture, an endangered bird species inhabited in the national park, is situated at the entrance of the town.

## Climate

The climate in Kızılcahamam can be classified as a Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb) or a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dsb).
Climate data for Kızılcahamam (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) | 5.7 (42.3) | 10.3 (50.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 21.0 (69.8) | 25.3 (77.5) | 29.3 (84.7) | 29.7 (85.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 18.7 (65.7) | 11.6 (52.9) | 5.4 (41.7) | 16.8 (62.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) | 0.5 (32.9) | 4.2 (39.6) | 9.1 (48.4) | 14.0 (57.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 21.6 (70.9) | 21.7 (71.1) | 16.9 (62.4) | 11.3 (52.3) | 5.0 (41.0) | 0.8 (33.4) | 10.2 (50.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) | −3.7 (25.3) | −1.0 (30.2) | 2.9 (37.2) | 7.3 (45.1) | 10.9 (51.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 13.8 (56.8) | 9.3 (48.7) | 5.1 (41.2) | 0.0 (32.0) | −2.7 (27.1) | 4.3 (39.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.03 (2.64) | 53.27 (2.10) | 58.31 (2.30) | 60.04 (2.36) | 63.06 (2.48) | 46.13 (1.82) | 23.47 (0.92) | 20.91 (0.82) | 23.87 (0.94) | 40.54 (1.60) | 39.68 (1.56) | 74.88 (2.95) | 571.19 (22.49) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.4 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 7.7 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 8.6 | 79.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79.7 | 75.2 | 68.2 | 63.6 | 63.8 | 61.9 | 53.9 | 53.6 | 57.0 | 66.1 | 72.2 | 79.5 | 66.2 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||

## Composition

There are 109 neighbourhoods in Kızılcahamam District:
* Akçakese
* Akçaören
* Akçay
* Akdoğan
* Aksak
* Alibey
* Alpagut
* Aşağıada
* Aşağıçanlı
* Aşağıhüyük
* Ayvacık
* Bademli
* Bağlıca
* Bağören
* Balcılar
* Başağaç
* Başören
* Bayır
* Belpınar
* Berçinçatak
* Berçinyayalar
* Beşkonak
* Bezcikuzören
* Binkoz
* Bulak
* Çavuşlar
* Çeltikçi
* Çeştepe
* Ciğirler
* Çırpan
* Çukurca
* Çukurören
* Değirmenönü
* Demirciören
* Dereneci
* Doğanözü
* Doymuşören
* Eğerlialören
* Eğerlibaşköy
* Eğerlidere
* Eğerlikozören
* Esenler
* Gebeler
* Gökbel
* Gölköy
* Gümele
* Güneysaray
* Güvem
* Hıdırlar
* İğdir
* İğmir
* İnceğiz
* İsmetpaşa
* İyceler
* Kalemler
* Karaağaç
* Karacaören
* Karşıyaka
* Kasımlar
* Kavaközü
* Kemalpaşa
* Kınık
* Kırkırca
* Kırköy
* Kışlak
* Kızık
* Kızılcaköy
* Kızılcaören
* Kocalar
* Kurumcu
* Kuşcuören
* Mahkemeağcin
* Oğlakcı
* Olucak
* Örencik
* Ortaköy
* Otacı
* Pazar
* Pazar Başören
* Pazar Kınık
* Şahinler
* Salın
* Saray
* Saraycık
* Sazak
* Semeler
* Semer
* Süleler
* Tahtalar
* Taşlıca
* Turnalı
* Üçbaş
* Uğurlu
* Üyücek
* Yağcıhüseyin
* Yakakaya
* Yanık Özbekler
* Yenice
* Yeşilköy
* Yıldırımçatak
* Yıldırımdemirciler
* Yıldırımhacılar
* Yıldırımören
* Yıldırımyağlıca
* Yukarıada
* Yukarıçanlı
* Yukarıhüyük
* Yukarıkaraören
* Yukarıkese

## Fossil flora

Kızılcahamam is also known for its fossil flora which stems from at least six Pliocene deposits in Güvem and Beşkonak villages, 22 kilometres (14 miles) north of Kızılcahamam: Fossil flora of Kızılcahamam district.