OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Titus Haterius Nepos (prefect of Egypt)

Titus Haterius Nepos was an eques who held a number of imperial Roman positions during the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian. The two most important posts were praefectus vigilum or commander of the vigiles or nightwatch, and praefectus or governor of Egypt (120-124). According to Fergus Millar, Nepos was the first eques who was promoted from regular procuratorial posts into a proper secretarial appointment.

## Career

Nepos' career is largely documented in an inscription from Fulginiae in Umbria; although the name of the subject is missing, it is generally accepted that this inscription applies to Nepos since Bartolomeo Borghesi first proposed the identification. The earliest appointment mentioned in this inscription was prefect or commander of an ala, from which he advanced to military tribune of an unnamed unit of auxiliary horsemen. This was followed as a censitor or census official of the Brittona Anavionensies. Although this has been located elsewhere, a letter recovered from Vindolanda places this in Roman Britain: a letter to Flavius Genialis, prefect of the cohort stationed at Vindolanda, was written by a man identified as Haterius Nepos. The date of the letter is uncertain, and can be dated at any time between 97 and 120.
Here the chronology of his life becomes strained. The next posting listed on the inscription was procurator of Roman Armenia, a province which existed between the years 114–117. However, he is attested as governor of Egypt as early as 120. Into those three years must fall the following appointments: procurator of a ludus magnus (a training school for gladiators), simultaneously procurator of the hereditates and a censibus, then a libellis, and lastly his tenure as praefectus vigilum. Either he held each of these appointments in a very brief time, or the author of the inscription got these appointments and his governorship of Armenia out of order.
While Nepos was governor, he visited the Colossi of Memnon at dawn of 18 February 121 and heard the statue sing.
His life after he stepped down as governor of Egypt is not known, beyond the certainty he was not the identically-named consul in 134.
# Titeltbukta

Titeltbukta (English: Ten Tents Bay) is a bay on the northwestern coast of the Norwegian island of Jan Mayen. The name originates from the establishment of ten "tents", in reality wood and brick structures, as a basic whaling station. This was set up in 1624 by Dutch whalers to lodge the men who flensed (cut up) the whales. The Dutch also called it Zuidbaai (South Bay), in contrast to the other on the island, to the north at Engelskbukta).
# Titanic of The Skies

Titanic of the Skies may refer to:
* Hindenburg:Titanic of the Skies (film), a 2007 documentary film about the 6 May 1937 crash of the Hindenburg dirigeable at Lakehurst, NJ, USA
** Hindenburg disaster (6 May 1937) at Lakehurst, NJ, USA
*** LZ 129 Hindenburg, a German Zeppelin airship destroyed on 6 May 1937, crashing at Lakehurst, NJ, USA
* TITANIC of the Skies! — The Untold Story of Air France 447 (film), a documentary film about the 1 June 2009 mid-Atlantic inter-tropical-zone crash of Air France Flight 447
# Tmesisternus curvatolineatus

Tmesisternus curvatolineatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1927.
# Edgar Field

Edgar Field (29 July 1854 – 11 January 1934) was an English amateur footballer who helped Clapham Rovers win the FA Cup in 1880. He made two appearances for England as a full back.

## Career

Field was born in Wallingford, then in Berkshire, and attended Lancing College where he played in the school team, before leaving to play for Reading during the mid-1870s. He later joined Clapham Rovers before his first international match; he also represented Berkshire and Buckinghamshire.
He made his international debut against Scotland at Hamilton Crescent, Partick on 4 March 1876. According to Philip Gibbons, "the England side tended to be chosen on availability rather than skill alone." England struggled throughout the game, which saw the home team run out winners by three goals to nil.
He was a member of the Clapham Rovers team that reached the FA Cup final twice, losing 1–0 to Old Etonians in 1879, and going on to win the cup in 1880 with a 1–0 win over Oxford University at The Kennington Oval.
His second and final cap came five years after his first, also against Scotland on 12 March 1881. Although most reports credit John Smith with a hat-trick, at least two sources say Field scored an own goal. If he did, he was the first player to do so in an England match. England went down to a "humiliating" 6–1 defeat.

## Career outside football

Field was described as a wine merchant in Wallingford at the 1891 Census, but he was a Chartered Accountant by profession. He practised initially in London, ultimately moving to Derby in 1913 just prior to the First World War. He joined the land agents Messrs Shaw and Fuller of College Place, Derby, where one of the partners Mr. Fuller was his brother-in-law. Field died at his home in Derby on 11 January 1934, aged 79.
In May 2008, a photograph of the 1876 England team was discovered in the archives of the Derby City Council Local Studies Library. Field had sent the photograph to the Derbyshire Football Express, and the picture was used in an article published on the 50th anniversary of the match. This is believed to be the earliest known picture of an England football team.

## Honours

Clapham Rovers
* FA Cup winner: 1880
* FA Cup finalist: 1879
# Edge-localized mode

An edge-localized mode (ELM) is a plasma instability occurring in the edge region of a tokamak plasma due to periodic relaxations of the edge transport barrier in high-confinement mode. Each ELM burst is associated with expulsion of particles and energy from the confined plasma into the scrape-off layer. This phenomenon was first observed in the ASDEX tokamak in 1981. Diamagnetic effects in the model equations expand the size of the parameter space in which solutions of repeated sawteeth can be recovered compared to a resistive MHD model. An ELM can expel up to 20 percent of the reactor's energy.

## Issues

ELM is a major challenge in magnetic fusion research with tokamaks, as these instabilities can:
* Damage wall components (in particular divertor plates) by ablating them away due to their extremely high energy transfer rate (GW/m$^2$);
* Potentially couple or trigger other instabilities, such as the resistive wall mode (RWM) or the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM).

## Prevention and control

A variety of experiments/simulations have attempted to mitigate damage from ELM. Techniques include:
* Application of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) with in-vessel current carrying coils can eliminate or weaken ELMs.
* Injecting pellets to increase the frequency and thereby decrease the severity of ELM bursts (ASDEX Upgrade).
* Multiple small-scale ELMs (000s/s) in tokamaks to prevent the creation of large ones, spreading the associated heat over a larger area and interval
* Increase the plasma density and, at high densities, adjusting the topology of the magnetic field lines confining the plasma.

## History

In 2003 DIII-D began experimenting with resonant magnetic perturbations to control ELMs.
In 2006 an initiative (Project Aster) was started to simulate a full ELM cycle including its onset, the highly non-linear phase, and its decay. However, this did not constitute a “true” ELM cycle, since a true ELM cycle would require modeling the slow growth after the crash, in order to produce a second ELM.
As of late 2011, several research facilities had demonstrated active control or suppression of ELMs in tokamak plasmas. For example, the KSTAR tokamak used specific asymmetric three-dimensional magnetic field configurations to achieve this goal.
In 2015, results of the first simulation to demonstrate repeated ELM cycling was published.
In 2022, researchers began testing the small ELM hypothesis at JET to assess the utility of the technique.
# Tofaga FC

Tofaga FC is a Tuvalu football club from Vaitupu, playing in the Tuvalu A-Division.
The team's home ground is the Tuvalu Sports Ground, on Funafuti, which is the only football field in Tuvalu. Tofaga plays on an amateur level, as do all the teams in Tuvalu. They also have a reserve squad and a women's team.

## History

The team was originally name Vatokami and was founded in the 1970s. In the 1990s, Paulson Panapa and Tapugao Falefou were the team’s well-known players. In 1997 the team won its first prize, the Benson and Hedges Cup. The team won the Independence Cup (held to recognise the independence of Tuvalu) in 1998.
In 2005, the team changed its name to Tofaga.
Toakai Puapua was coach from 2006 to 2008. He was also the football coach of Tuvalu during the 2007 South Pacific Games.
Tofaga won the NBT Cup and the Independence Cup in 2006. After that, the club regularly won cups; the NBT Cup in 2007, 2008 and 2011, and three prizes in 2010 (Tuvalu Games, Independence Cup and Christmas Cup). Tofaga won the Independence Cup 5 times, and the team has also won the NBT Cup 9 times, and was the runner-up 4 times.
Tofaga’s only win of the Tuvalu A-Division competition was in 2021, although its players, including Alopua Petoa and James Lepaio, were topscorers in the Tuvalu A-Division competition, in 2011, 2012, 2019 & 2021, and Alopua Petoa is the topscorer with the Tuvalu national football team with 11 goals in his international career.
Tofaga was the runner-up in the 2023 Tuvalu A-Division competition. Tofaga won the NBT Cup in 2023, beating Vaoloa 2-1. The team included Etimoni Timuani (defender), James Lepaio (midfielder) and Alopua Petoa (striker).

## Honours
### League

* Tuvalu A-Division
** Winners (1): 2021
The Tofaga reserve team has been the B-Team Champions 5 times: 2006, 2009, 2011, 2013 & 2021.

### Cup

* Tuvalu Games
** Winners (3): 2010, 2012, 2013
** Runners-up (2): 2009, 2011
* Independence Cup
** Winners (5): 1998, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2013
** Runners-up (2): 2008, 2009
* NBT Cup
** Winners (9): 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023
** Runners-up (4): 2009, 2013, 2018, 2020
* Christmas Cup
** Winners (2): 2010, 2019
** Runners-up (2): 2012, 2013
# Edgemont Park

Edgemont Park may refer to:
* Edgemont Park, Michigan
* Edgemont Park, Montclair, New Jersey
* Edgemont Park, Alabama in Jefferson County, Alabama
# To Catch a Cheater

To Catch a Cheater is a scripted American web series published on YouTube. With over 3 million subscribers, the web series supposedly follows people suspected of committing adultery, or cheating, on their partners. Actors have repeatedly come out in interviews and videos admitting the series is completely scripted, a claim producer Sameer Bhavnani states is not true and that the show features real couples and those claiming are actors are couples who "have changed their mind and regret being on the show".

## Development and production

To Catch a Cheater aired on May 2, 2016, on YouTube. The show is produced and created by Sameer Bhavnani and the format and execution is custom tailored for the YouTube platform and audiences. Investigations were headed by Sameer Bhavnani and Luis Mercado. The web series featured complainants married or long-term significant others, and have included both opposite-sex and same-sex couples. Each episode begins with Mercado asking his viewers to visit his sponsors, a brief interview of the complainant, detailing how the complainant met their partner and what has led them to believe that the partner is cheating, explaining suspicious activities or behavior.

## Notable episodes

* A guy gets offered oral sex by a stranger as his girlfriend secretly watches the whole thing.
* A girlfriend's man actually had sex with the accomplice (banned episode).
# Edgewood (Montgomery, Alabama)

Edgewood, also known as the Thomas House, is a historic Federal-style house in Montgomery, Alabama. The two-story frame building was built in 1821 by Zachariah T. Watkins. It is the oldest surviving residence in Montgomery. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 24, 1973.
# Edmund Kayser

Edmund Kayser (1875 – 25 August 1916) was the pastor of St. James' Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tolleston, Indiana, who was assassinated on August 25, 1916, for his pro-German views during World War I.

## Background

World War I had started on July 28, 1914, when the Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia. By 1916, nearly all of the European nations and empires had entered the war. The United States maintained its neutrality, and some of its sizeable German population supported Imperial Germany and the Central Powers. In the 1910 census there were 2.3 million German-born immigrants living in the United States and 550 German newspapers in the country. The large number of German-Americans was also a factor in keeping the U.S. out of World War I until the fighting had been going on for three years.

## Early life

Edmund Kayser was born in Bavaria. He moved to the United States and established an independent Lutheran church that paid him $50 ($1,400 in 2024) a month. It was said that he had other sources of income buying and selling land.

## Murder

Kayser's St. James' Lutheran Church was based in Tolleston, a suburb of Gary, Indiana. His community had a number of German immigrants, some of whom supported Imperial Germany and its Central Powers allies, along with a number of Slavic immigrants who favored Russia and its Entente Powers allies. During his sermons, he would often anger people by espousing pro-German views. Threats against his life had gotten so bad that members of his church had to escort him from the church to his home.
Late one night, Kayser was confronted by several people in the study of his house. His wife and two daughters were visiting family in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Police say that broken furniture in the study showed that Kayser had put up a fight before he was subdued. He was bound by a cord, carried out, shot, and dumped in some bushes near his house. The gunshot wounds were to his chest and his jugular vein. Police were able to determine that no valuables or money had been taken from his house. His body was found an hour later by August Schultz and his wife. Medical examiners later determined that he had bled out from his neck wound.
The postmaster, Snyder, entered the case when it was revealed that a woman had sent Kayser a threatening letter to stay away from a woman in Gary, Mrs. Mary Krause. Krause denied any type of relationship with Kayser. Chief of Police Heinz ordered police to interview the Gary woman. The letters had many threats such as "Move away or dynamite will move"; another read: "Before the leaves turn you will be stretched on the ground."
George Schneider, a member of the Gary Saxon Terien, was named as a suspect after he revealed that he had gotten in a fight the same night Kayser was killed and had bruises and scratches on his face.
# Toast (restaurant)

Toast is a restaurant in Portland, Oregon, United States. Owner Donald Kotler opened the cafe in 2007. Known for its breakfast and brunch menu, Toast also offers happy hour and dinner options.

## Description

Toast is a restaurant at the intersection of 52nd Avenue and Steele Street in southeast Portland's Woodstock neighborhood. Nathan Williams of Eater Portland described Toast as a "down-to-earth — but not uncreative — neighborhood café". Toast is known for breakfast and brunch, operating daily.
The menu includes French toast with orange-vanilla whipped cream, and the Golden Pig, which has fried egg and pork belly. The afternoon happy hour menu includes macaroni and cheese made with Gruyère, a Cattail Creek lamb burger with roasted red peppers and caramelized onions, and a gin and tonic. Dinner options include gnocchi with roasted chicken, a lamb burger with Brussels sprouts and served with bulgur wheat salad, and sauteed manila clams with toast.

## History

Owner Donald Kotler opened Toast on August 18, 2007, in a space which previously housed an adult video store. He has also operated a food cart called Yolk since 2011, and his restaurant Bird and Bear has been described as a sibling restaurant to Toast. Kotler enjoys using berries as much as possible during berry season. He purchased berries from Patrick's Farm Fresh Berries in southwest Portland, as of 2008.
In 2010–2011, Toast was the target of break-ins, a vehicular hit-and-run, and vandalism. The business had 15 employees, as of 2010. Toast launched a dinner menu in 2014.

## Reception

In 2015, Ben Waterhouse of The Oregonian described Toast as a "beloved breakfast joint". Nathan William included Toast in Eater Portland's 2022 overview of recommended eateries in the Woodstock neighborhood. The website's Maya MacEvoy also included the restaurant in a 2022 overview of "Where to Find Wildly Tasty Game Burgers in Portland".
# Toast Boy's Kiss

Toast Boy's Kiss is a 2001 Taiwanese romantic comedy television series produced by Hsiao Yeh and directed by Doze Niu, starring Lee Wei and Lee Kang-i. The show was first broadcast on Taiwan Television, was one of the most popular Taiwanese series in 2001.
A spin-off sequel was broadcast in 2004 on Eastern Television.

## Awards and nominations

| # | Award | Category | Name | Result |
| 37th | Golden Bell Awards | Best Actor | Lee Wei | Nominated |
# Tineretului Stadium (Urziceni)

44°42′45.45″N 26°39′21.66″E﻿ / ﻿44.7126250°N 26.6560167°E﻿ / 44.7126250; 26.6560167﻿ (Tineretului)
The Tineretului Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Urziceni, Romania. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Urziceni.
The stadium is not very big, having a floodlighting system, with a density of 1400 lux, that has been inaugurated in 2007 but it does not meets UEFA's conditions to host UEFA Champions League matches. For this reason, Unirea had to play their home matches in the 2009–2010 edition on the Steaua Stadium.
In English "tineretului" means "of/to the youth", while "Unirea" is translated as "The Union".
In the autumn of 2014 there were some hooligans that vandalized the stadium.
In the 26th of August 2017 a match between FC Urziceni and Abatorul Slobozia was played for the first time ever since the Tineretului been renovated from the vandalization from the autumn of 2014. The match ended up that Urziceni lost 0–2.
Although the match was played, the renovation is not really done yet but there can be played some matches on Tineretului. FC Urziceni used to train at the stadium the season before they played that match in August 2017.

## Romania national football team

The following national team matches were held in the stadium.
| # | Date | Score | Opponent | Competition |
| 1. | 25 March 2005 | 2–0 | Netherlands | 2006 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification |
| 2. | 20 August 2008 | 1–0 | Latvia | Friendly match |
# Tineta

Tineta Couturier, better known as Tineta, (born August 24, 1972), is a Canadian country music artist. She released two albums on Royalty Records, Love on the Line (1991) and Drawn to the Fire (1995). Her 1995 single "Walkin' That Line" reached the Top 20 of the RPM Country Tracks chart.

## Discography
### Albums

| Title | Album details |
| Love on the Line | Release date: 1991 Label: Royalty Records |
| Drawn to the Fire | Release date: 1995 Label: Royalty Records |

### Singles

| Year | Title | Peak positions | Album |
| Year | Title | CAN Country | Album |
| 1992 | "Slippin' Away" (as Tineta Couturier) | 67 | Love on the Line |
| 1994 | "Everyone's Laughin' but Me" | 33 | Love on the Line |
| 1995 | "Walkin' That Line" | 19 | Drawn to the Fire |
| 1995 | "From My Heart's Point of View" | 27 | Drawn to the Fire |
| 1996 | "A Little Gettin' Used To" | 50 | Drawn to the Fire |
# Tipo Carora

The Tipo Carora or Carora is a Venezuelan breed of dairy cattle. It was bred in the early part of the twentieth century by crossing of local Criollo cows with imported Brown Swiss bulls. It is named for its place of origin, the town of Carora in the Venezuelan state of Lara.

## History

Breeding of the Tipo Carora began in the 1930s in the Venezuelan state of Lara, in western central Venezuela. Brown Swiss bulls from Europe and North America were used to live cover cows of the Amarillo de Quebrada Arriba, a local breed of Criollo cattle which was well adapted to the tropical conditions of the area, until about 85% of the genotype of the resulting stock derived from the Brown Swiss.$^{:150}$ A breeders' association, the Asociación Venezolana de Criadores de Ganado Carora, was started in 1979, and in 1982 the breed was officially recognised by the Venezuelan government. During the 1980s there was a sharp fall in breed numbers.$^{:150}$ In 1992, the breed was denominated a "Patrimonio Nacional" or national heritage; a programme of genetic improvement was begun, and a herd-book was established.$^{:150}$ In 2013 the registered population numbered 13 682 cows and 644 bulls.$^{:150}$

## Characteristics

The Carora has black skin and a white or pale fawn-coloured coat. In approximately 90% of the cattle, the hair of the coat is glossy and short; this is caused by the slick hair gene often found in Criollo cattle. Selection for this characteristic in the Carora is intentional: bulls found – through observation of their male progeny – not to be homozygous for it are killed.$^{:150}$ The sleek short coat helps the cattle to stay cool in hot and humid tropical conditions; in their area of origin, monthly average temperatures vary between about 22 °C and 38 °C, and humidity may reach 90%.

## Use

The Carora was created as a dairy breed capable of producing well in a tropical climate. In 1998, cows were found to give an average of 3180 kg of milk in a lactation of 305 days;$^{:150}$ milk protein averages about 3.7%. Carora bulls – or semen from them – are extensively used for cross-breeding, both with Holstein cows to produce dairy animals with good tolerance of heat, and with cows of indicine breeds to produce dual-purpose cattle.
# Tipner Lake

Tipner Lake forms the north eastern section of Portsmouth Harbour. It is not an actual lake, but the reclamation of land north of Horsea Island and the building of the M275 motorway in the early 1970s, which passes over a bridge to the west of the lake, can give the impression the body of water is no longer connected to the harbour. The lake is also connected to Portsbridge Creek.
Much of the lake is a site of special scientific interest as well as being a Ramsar wetland of international importance. The site also falls within the Portsmouth Harbour special protection area.
Moves to reclaim the land to provide extra space for the expansion of Portsmouth were rejected in the early 1990s on environmental grounds.
The lake is home to the Richard Farrington "Jack Star" sculpture which was installed in late 2000.
# Tipling

Tipling may refer to:
* Tipling, Nepal, village in Dhading District
* David Tipling, British photographer
# Tokio, Washington

Tokio is a rural location and former rural community in Adams County, in the Palouse region of eastern Washington. It is located along Interstate 90 northeast of Ritzville.

## History

In 1888, Northern Pacific Railway railway officials named the railroad stop at this location "Iona." It was changed to Tracy in 1905, and then Tokio in 1906.
In the early 20th century the community had a rural school; its enrollment in 1917-18 was 10 pupils. Essentially the small community of that period has since dissipated.
Several wheat fields in Tokio and neighboring areas were destroyed by a 20,000-acre (8,100 ha) fire on July 31, 1998, which killed one farmer. His wheat crop was harvested by neighbors in a community celebration of life.
The freeway exit is adjacent to a weigh station, which inspired the name of a Spokane band. The weigh station has a truck stop and restaurant, along with a recreational cannabis store that opened in 2016. The truck stop was also used as a filming location for The Promise, an independent movie released in 2004.