OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Seafarer 46

The Seafarer 46 is an American sailboat that was designed by Sparkman & Stephens as a cruiser and first built in 1967.
The Seafarer 46 is probably a development of the Seafarer 45.

## Production

The design was built by Seafarer Yachts in the United States, starting in 1967, but it is now out of production.
The boat was offered complete and ready-to-sail, or in various stages of completion.

## Design

The Seafarer 46 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead yawl rig or optional masthead sloop rig, with a fixed fin keel. It displaces 27,000 lb (12,247 kg) and carries 12,250 lb (5,557 kg) of lead ballast.
The boat has a draft of 6.50 ft (1.98 m) with the standard keel.
The boat is fitted with a Universal 70 hp (52 kW) diesel engine for docking and maneuvering.
The design has a hull speed of 7.46 kn (13.82 km/h).
# 2018 Challenge Trophy

The 2018 Challenge Trophy (part of the Toyota National Championships for sponsorship reasons) is the national championship for men's soccer clubs competing at the amateur level in the Canadian soccer pyramid. It was held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan from October 4–8, 2018.

## Teams

Ten teams were granted entry into the competition; one from each Canadian province. Teams are selected by their provincial soccer associations; most often qualifying by winning provincial leagues or cup championships such as the Ontario Cup.
| Province | Team | Manager | Qualification |
| Alberta | Edmonton Scottish | Kevin Poissant | Alberta Soccer Provincial Championships |
| British Columbia | BC Tigers Hurricanes | Rob Jandric | British Columbia Men's Provincial Cup |
| Nova Scotia | Western Halifax FC | Alan Jazic | Nova Scotia provincial winner |
| Manitoba | FC Winnipeg Lions | Tony Nocita | Manitoba Cup winners |
| New Brunswick | Fredericton Picaroons Reds | Dave Rouse | New Brunswick provincial winners |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | Holy Cross SC | Noel Stanford | NL Challenge Cup champion |
| Northwest Territories | Yellowknife Galaxy | Judon Gregory | Northwest Territories Representative |
| Ontario | Caledon SC | Steven Hill | Ontario Cup winners |
| Quebec | Royal Select de Beauport | Samir Ghrib | Québec LSEQ playoff winners |
| Saskatchewan | Saskatoon Revolution | Stewart Gillott | Saskatchewan Shield |

## Group stage

The ten teams in the competition are divided into two groups of five teams each, which then play a single-game round-robin format. At the end of the group stage, each team faces the equal-ranked team from the other group to determine a final seeding for the tournament.

## Final round

The final round consists of one game for each club, where they are paired with their equal-ranked opponent from the opposite group to determine a final ranking for the tournament.
# Lalitbhai Mehta

Lalitbhai Mehta is an Indian politician. He was a Member of Parliament, representing Gujarat in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.
# Lamar, Wisconsin

Lamar is an unincorporated community located in the town of St. Croix Falls, Polk County, Wisconsin, United States. The community is named for Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II, an associate justice on the US Supreme Court and member of Congress.
# 2017 Scottish Women's Cup

The 2017 SWF Scottish Cup, known as the 2017 SSE Scottish Women's Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 46th official edition (48th overall) of the main national cup competition in Scottish women's football. All teams in the Scottish Women's Football League and SWPL 1 & 2 were eligible to enter.

## Quarter-finals

Teams in bold advanced to the semi-finals.
| Home team | Score | Away team |
| 10 September 2017 |||
| Hamilton Academical (1) | 0–3 | Rangers (1) |
| Jeanfield Swifts (1) | 0–6 | Glasgow City (1) |
| Hibernian (1) | 9–0 | Glasgow Girls (2) |
| Cumbernauld Colts (3) | 1–2 | Forfar Farmington (2) |
Sources:

## Semi-finals

Teams in bold advanced to the final.
Sources:

## Final

The final was played on Sunday, 26 November 2017 at the Tony Macaroni Arena, Livingston, West Lothian.
Hibernian won the final 3–0 against Glasgow City. It was their second Scottish Cup win in a row, defeating the same opposition. During the match, Hibs player Siobhan Hunter struck a 40-yard free kick into the top right corner of the Glasgow City goal for the second of the match; it won the Women's Soccer United goal of the month trophy.
| Hibernian | Glasgow City |
| | 1 | Jenna Fife |
| | 24 | Emma Brownlie |
| | 4 | Siobhan Hunter |
| | 17 | Joelle Murray (c) |
| | 11 | Kirsty Smith |
| | 6 | Lisa Robertson |
| | 19 | Chelsea Cornet |
| | 23 | Rachael Small |
| | 21 | Abi Harrison |
| | 12 | Rachel McLauchlan |
| | 18 | Katey Turner |
| Substitutes: ||
| | 25 | Hannah Reid |
| | 8 | Cailin Michie |
| | 14 | Shannon Leishman |
| | 15 | Amy Gallacher |
| | 16 | Ellis Notley |
| | 22 | Caitlin Russell |
| | 27 | Lia Tweedie |
| Manager: ||
| Kevin Milne ||
| | 29 | Lee Alexander |
| | 11 | Nicola Docherty |
| | 3 | Savannah McCarthy |
| | 16 | Leanne Ross (c) |
| | 15 | Keeva Keenan |
| | 2 | Lauren McMurchie |
| | 4 | Hayley Lauder |
| | 6 | Jo Love |
| | 7 | Abbi Grant |
| | 23 | Megan Foley |
| | 10 | Noelle Murray |
| Substitutes: ||
| | 25 | Erin Clachers |
| | 12 | Carla Boyce |
| | 17 | Eilish McSorley |
| | 18 | Sam Kerr |
| | 19 | Joanne Paton |
| Manager: ||
| Scott Booth ||
# Secondary poverty

Secondary poverty is a description of poverty referring to those living below the poverty line whose income was sufficient for them to live above the line, but was spent on things other than the necessities of life.
In 18th and 19th century Great Britain, the practice of temperance among Methodists, as well as their rejection of gambling, allowed them to eliminate secondary poverty and accumulate capital.
The term was coined by Seebohm Rowntree after his investigations into poverty in York.

## Factors contributing to secondary poverty
### Alcohol use

The Bureau of Labor Statistics found that "the average American consumer dedicates 1 percent of all their spending to alcohol".
In Scotland, households spent an average of £8.90 a week on alcohol.

### Gambling

In the United States, the average individual loses $400.00 to gambling each year.
The National Anti-Gambling League, which was founded in 1890, condemned the lottery as a cause of secondary poverty. More recently, the sociologist Gerda Reith stated that the lottery exploited working classes, which see it as one of the sole avenues for liberation from oppression. Reith stated that governments use the lottery as a means to increase their revenue and called it an "extra form of taxation".
Indeed, people in the low-income brackets (2.8%) spend a higher percentage of their household income on games of chance than people in higher income brackets (0.5%). That is important since the risk of gambling related harm increases significantly when more than 1% of gross family income is spent on gambling activities. The additional risk of gambling for those in a lower-income bracket warrants further attention with the expansion of government-operated gambling throughout Canada, especially since increased rates of problem gambling prevalence are linked to enhanced accessibility and availability. Problem gambling can be defined as difficulties in limiting money and/or time spent on the activity, which leads to problems for the gambler and others. According to Hahmann and Matheson (n.d.), two life events can lead to homelessness: significant job loss and problem gambling.

### Tobacco

In India, smokers spend ₹36,000 annually on smoking cigarettes.

### Other drugs

"A survey from 2007 notes that 23% of unemployed persons had used cocaine at least once.", although homelessness may contribute to the use of cocaine, rather than the other way around.
# Lamberto Caimi

Lamberto Caimi (born 30 October 1930) is an Italian cinematographer.
Born in Milan, Caimi began his career in the field of documentary filmmaking industry; in 1955 he joined the film department of the company Edison, where he met Ermanno Olmi, for which he was the cinematographer in some dozens of short documentary films shot between the second half of the fifties and the early sixties. In 1961 he signed the cinematography of the first real feature film of Olmi, Il Posto, for which he realized "a rough and essential black and white", which was paired by critics to the Nouvelle Vague style.
During his career Laimi worked to films of different genres, often characterized from having Milan as set, including Eriprando Visconti's film debut A Milanese Story, Duccio Tessari's noir film La morte risale a ieri sera, Umberto Lenzi's poliziottesco Gang War in Milan, Carlo Lizzani's Storie di vita e malavita and Renato Pozzetto's directorial debut Saxofone. He also collaborated several times with Alberto Lattuada.
# Lake Mugesera

Lake Mugesera is a lake in the Eastern Province, Rwanda.
The lake is in the Central Plateau, southeast of Kigali. The lake is part of a complex of lakes and wetlands in a flat valley running in a SSE direction, 35 kilometres (22 mi) wide. The Nyawarungu River meanders southward through the valley, flooding it to create a zone of permanent swamps and lakes. Lake Mugesera lies on the east bank of the river, and is the largest lake in the complex.
Although close to the equator, the climate is comparatively temperate due to the elevation. The rainy seasons are from March to May and again from September to December. The lake is fed by a number of rivers and minor streams originating on ridges to the north, east and south, which deliver most water during the rainy seasons. The water is generally around 25 °C (77 °F). Fish are abundant, and there are many species of waterbirds. Other animals include water turtles, crocodiles, monitors, snakes and otters.
In the 15th century the region around the lake was settled by the Hondogo lineage of Tutsi people, pastoralists who had formed an independent state. The Tutsi migrated to the Virunga region of Rwanda during the 15th and 16th centuries, settling between Lake Mugesera and Lake Muhazi. They gradually acquired power in most of the region of modern Rwanda, while intermarrying with the Hutu and becoming culturally assimilated by them.
# Senator Griego

Senator Griego may refer to:
* Eric Griego (born 1966), New Mexico State Senate
* Phil Griego (born 1948), New Mexico State Senate
# Jorge Pina (fencer)

Jorge Pina Pérez (born 26 January 1977) is a Spanish sabre fencer and a two-time Olympic fencer. He seeded 7th in the individual competition at the Beijing Olympics. He won a bronze medal at the 2005 Almería.
# United Arab Emirates at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics

United Arab Emirates will compete at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics in London, Great Britain, from 4–13 August 2017.

## Results

(q – qualified, NM – no mark, SB – season best)

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Saud Al-Zaabi | 800 metres | 1:53.34 | 43 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# Duy Xuyên district

Duy Xuyên (listen) is a district (huyện) of Quảng Nam province in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 129,616. The district covers an area of 298 km$^2$. The district capital lies at Nam Phước.
# Aerenea albilarvata

Aerenea albilarvata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1866. It is known from French Guiana, Brazil and Peru.
# Thomas Wharton

Thomas Wharton may refer to:
* Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton (1495–1568), English nobleman
* Thomas Wharton, 2nd Baron Wharton (1520–1572), English nobleman
* Thomas Wharton (died 1622) (1588–1622), son of the 3rd Baron Wharton, father of the 4th Baron Wharton
* Thomas Wharton (anatomist) (1614–1673), English anatomist
* Thomas Wharton (died 1684) (c. 1615–1684), English politician, son of Thomas Wharton (died 1622)
* Thomas Wharton, 1st Marquess of Wharton (1648–1715), English nobleman and politician, credited with being the lyricist of Lilliburlero
* Thomas Wharton Jr. (1735–1778), American politician and 1st President of Pennsylvania
* Thomas Wharton (children's writer), American artist
* Thomas Wharton (author) (born 1963), Canadian novelist
* Tiny Wharton (Tom Wharton, 1927–2005), Scottish soccer referee
# Seventh (chord)

In music, the seventh factor of a chord is the note or pitch seven scale degrees above the root or tonal center. When the seventh is the bass note, or lowest note, of the expressed chord, the chord is in third inversion Play.
Conventionally, the seventh is fourth in importance to the root, fifth, and third, with third inversion being the third strongest inversion and the seventh variably minor or major.

## In jazz

In jazz chords and theory, and classical music theory, the seventh is what defines a chord as a "seventh chord". Moreover, most triads that appear in lead sheets or fake books can have sevenths added to them, using the performer's discretion and "ear". For example, if a tune is in the key of C, if there is a G chord, the chord-playing performer will usually "voice" this chord as G7. While in a strict classical music context, the notes of a G7 chord would be "G–B–D–F", in jazz, the fifth of the chord is often omitted. The root is also often omitted if playing in a jazz group, as it will usually be played by the bassist. Omitting the root and fifth gives the improvising chord-playing musician the option to play other notes.
In voicing jazz chords, performers focus first on the seventh and the major or minor third of the chord, with the latter indicating the chord quality, along with added chord extensions (e.g., elevenths, even if not indicated in the lead sheet or fake book) to add tone "colour" to the chord. As such, a jazz guitarist or jazz piano player might "voice" a printed G chord with the notes "B–E–F–A", which would be the third, sixth (a.k.a. 13th), seventh, and ninth of the chord. Jazz chord-playing musicians may also add altered chord tones (e.g., #11) and added tones. An example of an altered dominant chord in the key of C, built on a G would be to voice the chord as "B–C♯–E–F–A♭"; this would be G7 (b9,#11).

## Types

The seventh note of a chord is most commonly a minor seventh (in C, B♭) or major seventh interval (in C, B♮). Less often, the seventh note of a chord is diminished or augmented (B=A (enharmonic notes) or B♯=C (also enharmonic notes).

## Resolution

In the common practice period the "strict resolution" the chord's seventh degree is stepwise downward. For example, the seventh of the dominant seventh chord, resolving to tonic, moves downward to the third of the following chord. In the key of C major, the dominant seventh chord would be G$^7$; the seventh note of this G$^7$ chord is F, which should resolve downwards to an E in the next bar (typically supported by a C-major chord).
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# Blockage discount

Blockage discount is an art-business-related and legal term of art for referring to the money discount assigned to a group of artworks by a single artist when that group of works is to be released to market as a group rather than individually. A blockage discount adjusts the fair market value of the works downward because of the risks of depreciation when a large volume of art is released into the market all at once.

## Tax issues

A blockage discount adjusting fair market value also affects the tax consequences of a sale in the U.S., and is frequently a subject of litigation when an artist dies while holding a large collection of her or his own work. For instance, when Georgia O'Keeffe died she had over 400 of her own works in her estate, and when Andy Warhol died he had over 90,000 works, including 4,100 paintings, 9,000 drawings, 19,000 prints and 63,000 photographs. In Georgia O'Keeffe's case, her estate's appraisers established blockage discounts based on solid evidence of market sales, but the IRS used its own valuation and the Tax Court assessed a resulting tax of more than the valuation of the collected works at her death. In Andy Warhol's case Surrogate Court of New York rejected the proposed discounts of Christie's, which averaged 60%. Instead, the court applied an average discount of 25%. The court failed to articulate the specific rationale for its determination, but did state that Warhol was more famous than Smith & O'Keeffe. The court's application of an average discount of 25% has been criticized by attorneys and appraisers because, inter alia, it ignored the necessary time it would take to sell 90,000 pieces of art. Therefore, accountants and estate planners for artists plan with such eventualities in mind.
The IRS has stated that carrying costs and opportunity costs are relevant factors for consideration in blockage discounts, along with time to market.
# Ruscus hypoglossum

Ruscus hypoglossum is a small evergreen shrub with a native range from Italy north to Austria and Slovakia and east to Turkey and Crimea. Common names include spineless butcher's-broom, mouse thorn and horse tongue lily. The species name comes from two Greek words ὑπό (hypo) and γλῶσσα (glōssa) meaning under and tongue.

## Description

The mature plant shrub will eventually reach about 46 cm (18 in) in height. It has a creeping rootstock and leaf-like phylloclades or flattened stems that are about 8 cm (3 in) long to 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) wide tapering at both ends. True leaves are smaller green appendages around the flowers. Small yellow flowers bloom in the axil of a leaf-like bract 2.5–3.8 cm (1–1.5 in) long on upper side of phylloclade. Plants are dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate plants. Fruit is a rarely produced red globose berry 0.6 to 1.3 cm (0.25 to 0.5 in) wide.

## Gallery

* True leaf and flower on the phylloclade.
* Flower.
* Shrubs.
* Fruits and seeds.

## Etymology

Ruscus is derived from an old Latin name for prickly plants.
The specific epithet hypoglossum is derived from Greek and means 'sheathed beneath' or 'below-a-tongue'. The name is in reference to the cladodes of this species, which extend beneath the flowers.
# Stadhuis RandstadRail station

Stadhuis RandstadRail station refers to two homonymous stations in the RandstadRail network:
* Stadhuis metro station (Rotterdam), operated by RET and served by metro line E.
* Stadhuis RandstadRail station (Zoetermeer), operated by HTM and served by lines 3, 4 and 34.
# Stadia

Stadia may refer to:

## Measurements

* Stadia mark, crosshairs on the reticle of a theodolite or other surveying instrument
* Stadiametric rangefinding (also stadia method), a technique of measuring distances with a telescopic instrument
* Stadion (unit) (plural: stadia), an ancient Greek unit of length

## Other uses

* Google Stadia, a defunct cloud gaming service
* Helsinki Polytechnic Stadia, a multidisciplinary institution of higher education
* Stadia (Caria), a town of ancient Caria
* Stadium (plural: stadia), a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events
# Standard Building (Columbus, Ohio)

The Standard Building, also known as the Blue Cross Building or as the Gugle Building, is a historic building in Downtown Columbus, Ohio. The building was built in 1912. Early tenants included the Lancaster Tire & Rubber Company, the Mutual Life Insurance Company, Irwin Manufacturing Company, and the Grid Graph Company. It also served as the regional headquarters of Standard Oil of Ohio, from 1917 to 1955, occupying its sixth (top) floor. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the Columbus Register of Historic Properties in 2019. Also in 2019, the building owner Connect Real Estate began redeveloping the building into apartments, with 45 units, including 35 micro studio apartments and 10 one-bedroom units. Connect Real Estate sought the building's historic listings for tax credits in refurbishing it. The realty company owns the adjacent Winders Motor Sales Company building, which it has separately listed on historic registers to make restoration more affordable.
# Aerodyne Technologies

Aerodyne Technologies was a French aircraft manufacturer based in Étrembières and previously based in Talloires. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of paragliders and reserve parachutes.
The company seems to have been founded before 2002 and gone out of business in 2008. The company was owned by Aerodyne International Group, which was headed by Dominique Marcu and seems to also no longer exist.
Aerodyne Technologies was headed by Michel Le Blanc, who was formerly employed by paraglider manufacturers ITV Parapentes and Flying Planet.
While headquartered in France, Aerodyne Technologies had its gliders constructed in a newly built factory in Mauritius. The company constructed a full line of gliders, from the beginner Aerodyne Yogi to the high-performance Shaman and the two-place Totem Bi for flight training.
In 2003 the company's Jumbe glider was tested by South African reviewer Jaco Wolmarans in Annecy, France, against seven other competitor's gliders. He became very impressed with the stability and performance of the design in thermal flying and also with the company itself. He wrote, "I was so impressed by the company, after chatting to them about their range, workmanship and the like, that I offered to represent them in SA. They agreed."
In early 2008, just before it went out of business, the company had certified its Joy model in four sizes as EN B. The Aerodyne Free had been released as a beginner's aerobatic model and the Feel was undergoing testing for certification in the EN C category, at that time forecast for April 2008.
Eight different models of Aerodyne paragliders were flown by 45 pilots in 93 Paragliding World Cup competition races, between September 2002 and August 2011.

## Aircraft

Paragliders built by Aerodyne Technologies:
* Aerodyne Blaster
* Aerodyne Cherokee
* Aerodyne Cool
* Aerodyne Dune
* Aerodyne Feel
* Aerodyne Free - beginner's aerobatic glider
* Aerodyne Freestyle
* Aerodyne Joy
* Aerodyne Jumbe
* Aerodyne Massai
* Aerodyne Shaman
* Aerodyne Shani
* Aerodyne Shaolin
* Aerodyne Shoot
* Aerodyne Totem Bi
* Aerodyne Yogi
# Stanley Brodsky

Stanley J. Brodsky (born January 9, 1940) is an American theoretical physicist and emeritus professor in the SLAC Theory Group at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University.

## Biography

Brodsky obtained an undergraduate degree in 1961 and Ph.D. in physics in 1964 from the University of Minnesota, where his advisor was Donald R. Yennie. After two years as a research associate for Tsung-Dao Lee at Columbia University, in 1966 he began working for SLAC, where he became a professor in 1976.
Brodsky's research has focused on quantum chromodynamics, which is the theory describing the strong interactions between quarks and gluons. His 1973 paper co-authored with Glennys Farrar, Scaling Laws at Large Transverse Momentum (Phys. Rev. Lett. 31, 1153–1156), and 1980 paper with Peter Lepage, Exclusive Processes in Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (Phys. Rev. D 22, 2157–2198), led to the award of the Sakurai Prize.
He was the 2007 recipient of the Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics, "for applications of perturbative quantum field theory to critical questions of elementary particle physics, in particular, to the analysis of hard exclusive strong interaction processes." He received the Pomeranchuk Prize, an international award for theoretical physics in 2015.