OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joseph White (Medal of Honor)

Joseph White (c. 1840 – unknown) was a sailor in the U.S. Navy during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Second Battle of Fort Fisher on January 15, 1865.

## Military service

White volunteered for service in the U.S. Navy and was assigned to the Union ironclad USS New Ironsides (1862). His enlistment is credited to the state of Pennsylvania.
On January 15, 1865, the North Carolina Confederate stronghold of Fort Fisher was taken by a combined Union storming party of sailors, marines, and soldiers under the command of Admiral David Dixon Porter and General Alfred Terry.

## Medal of Honor citation

   The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Coxswain Joseph White, United States Navy, for extraordinary heroism in action while serving on board the U.S.S. New Ironsides during action in several attacks on Fort Fisher, North Carolina, 24 and 25 December 1864; and 13,14, and 15 January 1865. The ship steamed in and took the lead in the ironclad division close inshore and immediately opened its starboard battery in a barrage of well-directed fire to cause several fires and explosions and dismount several guns during the first two days of fighting. Taken under fire as she steamed into position on 13 January, the New Ironsides fought all day and took on ammunition at night despite severe weather conditions. When the enemy came out of his bombproofs to defend the fort against the storming party, the ships battery disabled nearly every gun on the fort facing the shore before the ceasefire order was given by the flagship.
General Orders: War Department, General Orders No. 59 (June 22, 1865)
Action Date: December 24–25, 1864 & January 13–15, 1865
Service: Navy
Rank: Coxswain
Division: U.S.S. New Ironsides
# YdaO/yuaA leader

The YdaO/YuaA leader (now called the cyclic di-AMP riboswitch) is a conserved RNA structure found upstream of the ydaO and yuaA genes in Bacillus subtilis and related genes in other bacteria. Its secondary structure and gene associations were predicted by bioinformatics.
These RNAs function as riboswitches, and sense the signaling molecule cyclic di-AMP. The interaction between the riboswitch and c-di-AMP has been revealed in atomic-resolution structures.
# Alan Stewart (Australian politician)

Alan Gibson Stewart (born 28 March 1938) is a former Australian politician. He was the Labor member for Manly in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1978 to 1984.
Born in Manly, Stewart attended public schools at Harbord and Manly, and then St Aloysius College. He studied at Sydney Technical College, Wagga Agricultural College and Macquarie University, where he received a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Science. At Griffith University he was awarded a PhD in Environmental Science. He served as President of the Harbord branch the Australian Labor Party and a delegate to the Manly State Electoral Council. Stewart is the author of two books: Hard Row to Hoe and Persian Expedition.
In 1978, Stewart won the traditionally Liberal seat of Manly after sitting member Douglas Darby's retirement. He narrowly held the seat in 1981, but was defeated by David Hay in 1984.
# Pyrausta splendida

Pyrausta splendida is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Aristide Caradja in 1938. It is found in Yunnan, China.
# Svetlana Buravova-Khapsalis

Svetlana Buravova-Khapsalis (Светлана Буравова-Хапсалис, born 15 June 1973) was a Russian born Kazakhstani female water polo player. She was a member of the Kazakhstan women's national water polo team, playing as a goalkeeper.
She competed for the team at the 2000 Summer Olympics; she was also part of the team at the 2004 Summer Olympics, but did not play. On club level she played for Eurasia Rakhat in Kazakhstan.
# 2022 Matsuyama Challenger – Doubles

This was the first edition of the tournament as an ATP Challenger Tour event.
Andrew Harris and John-Patrick Smith won the title after defeating Toshihide Matsui and Kaito Uesugi 6–3, 4–6, [10–8] in the final.

## Seeds

* Arjun Kadhe / Ramkumar Ramanathan (first round)
* Victor Vlad Cornea / Zdeněk Kolář (first round)
* Andrew Harris / John-Patrick Smith (champions)
* Ruben Gonzales / Christopher Rungkat (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | A Kadhe R Ramanathan | 0 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Mochizuki R Noguchi | 6 | 6 | | | S Mochizuki R Noguchi | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Y-s Chung Y Shimizu | 4 | 2 | | WC | S Katayama T Yuzuki | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Sho Katayama T Yuzuki | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | WC | S Katayama T Yuzuki | 4 | 4 | | | | | |
| 3 | A Harris J-P Smith | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | A Harris J-P Smith | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| Alt | ND Ionel FC Jianu | 2 | 1 | | 3 | A Harris J-P Smith | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Alcantara NH Lý | 4 | 7 | [7] | | D Džumhur N Serdarušić | 3 | 6 | [7] | | | | | | | | | |
| | D Džumhur N Serdarušić | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | 3 | A Harris J-P Smith | 6 | 4 | [10] |
| | F Ferreira Silva H Moriya | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | T Matsui K Uesugi | 3 | 6 | [8] |
| | T Matsui K Uesugi | 6 | 6 | | | T Matsui K Uesugi | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Hijikata Y-h Hsu | 4 | 6 | [9] | 4 | R Gonzales C Rungkat | 6$^5$ | 3 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | R Gonzales C Rungkat | 6 | 3 | [11] | | | | | | | T Matsui K Uesugi | 7 | 6 | | | | | |
| | J-s Nam M-k Song | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | D Sweeny L Tu | 5 | 4 | | | | | |
| WC | Yuhei Kono Yusuke Kusuhara | 3 | 4 | | | J-s Nam M-k Song | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | D Sweeny L Tu | 6 | 4 | [12] | | D Sweeny L Tu | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | VV Cornea Z Kolář | 3 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 1956 Toronto Argonauts season

The 1956 Toronto Argonauts finished in fourth place in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union (IRFU) with a 4–10 record and failed to make the playoffs.

## Preseason

| Game | Date | Opponent | Results | Results | Venue | Attendance |
| Game | Date | Opponent | Score | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| A | Aug 2 | at Kitchner-Waterloo Dutchmen | W 42–20 | 1–0 | Waterloo Stadium | 2,500 |

## Regular season
### Standings

Interprovincial Rugby Football Union :
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| Montreal Alouettes | 14 | 10 | 4 | 0 | 478 | 361 | 20 |
| Hamilton Tiger-Cats | 14 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 383 | 385 | 14 |
| Ottawa Rough Riders | 14 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 326 | 359 | 14 |
| Toronto Argonauts | 14 | 4 | 10 | 0 | 331 | 413 | 8 |

### Schedule

| Week | Game | Date | Opponent | Results | Results | Venue | Attendance |
| Week | Game | Date | Opponent | Score | Record | Venue | Attendance |
| 1 | 1 | Aug 25 | at Montreal Alouettes | L 20–24 | 0–1 | Molson Stadium | 22,732 |
| 2 | 2 | Aug 29 | vs. Hamilton Tiger-Cats | L 0–18 | 0–2 | Varsity Stadium | 23,801 |
| 2 | 3 | Sept 3 | at Hamilton Tiger-Cats | L 21–31 | 0–3 | Civic Stadium | 20,725 |
| 3 | 4 | Sept 8 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | W 51–28 | 1–3 | Varsity Stadium | 20,942 |
| 4 | 5 | Sept 12 | at Hamilton Tiger-Cats | W 22–21 | 2–3 | Civic Stadium | 19,153 |
| 4 | 6 | Sept 14 | vs. Hamilton Tiger-Cats | W 41–19 | 3–3 | Varsity Stadium | 24,118 |
| 5 | 7 | Sept 22 | vs. Ottawa Rough Riders | L 20–31 | 3–4 | Varsity Stadium | 21,825 |
| 6 | 8 | Sept 29 | at Ottawa Rough Riders | L 22–43 | 3–5 | Lansdowne Park | 18,791 |
| 7 | 9 | Oct 6 | at Hamilton Tiger-Cats | L 6–42 | 3–6 | Civic Stadium | 15,125 |
| 7 | 10 | Oct 8 | vs. Hamilton Tiger-Cats | L 29–34 | 3–7 | Varsity Stadium | 19,046 |
| 8 | 11 | Oct 13 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | L 13–28 | 3–8 | Varsity Stadium | 18,679 |
| 9 | 12 | Oct 20 | at Ottawa Rough Riders | L 26–37 | 3–9 | Lansdowne Park | 13,770 |
| 10 | 13 | Oct 27 | vs. Ottawa Rough Riders | L 19–30 | 3–10 | Varsity Stadium | 15,535 |
| 11 | 14 | Nov 3 | at Montreal Alouettes | W 41–27 | 4–10 | Molson Stadium | 20,913 |
# 1267 Geertruida

1267 Geertruida, provisional designation 1930 HD, is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter. Discovered by astronomer Hendrik van Gent at Johannesburg Observatory in 1930, the asteroid was later named after Geertruid Pels, sister of Dutch astronomer Gerrit Pels.

## Discovery

Geertruida was discovered on 23 April 1930, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. Five nights later, it was independently discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory on 28 April 1930. The Minor Planet Center only recognizes the first discoverer. The asteroid was previously identified as 1926 GV at Heidelberg Observatory in April 1926.

## Orbit and classification

Geertruida is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.0–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 11 months (1,417 days; semi-major axis of 2.47 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in April 1930.

## Physical characteristics

Geertruida is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid, which agrees with its measured albedo (see below).

### Rotation period

In 1977, a rotational lightcurve of Geertruida was obtained from photometric observations by Swedish astronomer Claes-Ingvar Lagerkvist at the Uppsala Southern Station in Australia. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.50 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.5 magnitude (U=2). In October 2016, a refined period of 5.5087 hours with an amplitude of 0.35 magnitude (U=3) was obtained at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory (E09).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Geertruida measures between 15.621 and 23.572 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.030 and 0.095.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0510, typical for that of a carbonaceous asteroid, and a diameter of 23.43 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.0.

## Naming

This minor planet was named by Dutch astronomer Gerrit Pels after his sister Geertruid (or Geertruida) Hamerslag Pels. Gerrit Pels, who was an assistant astronomer at Leiden Observatory, computed the body's orbit. The minor planet 1667 Pels was named in his honor. The author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Lutz Schmadel learned about the meaning of this asteroid from Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld, who was a long-time astronomer at Leiden Observatory.
# 8-Bit Armies

8-Bit Armies is a real-time strategy video game developed by Petroglyph Games, which was released on April 22, 2016 for Microsoft Windows and for Xbox One, and PlayStation 4 on 21 September 2018.

## Gameplay

8-Bit Armies is a real time strategy game designed to mirror the look and gameplay of classic RTS games. It features a singleplayer campaign and a multiplayer mode in which players battle each other or the AI in the cooperative game mode. The game takes a very simplistic approach in its gameplay and graphical elements. The graphic features a blocky 8-bit retro-art voxel style with partially destructible terrain. Gameplay is very similar to the classic Command & Conquer franchise, many of the original developers of which work for Petroglyph Games. The player starts with a headquarter building which they use to expand their base so they can build various military units to fight their opponents. Resources are gathered via oil trucks and refineries. Units and buildings are built via a clickable menu on the right side of the screen. The game is situated in a contemporary scenario featuring generic tank, artillery or rocket units. At the release of the game, only one faction was playable, but Petroglyph Games announced that they planned to release more factions later on.
On August 28, 2016 Petroglyph Games released 2 free DLCs for the game: one for the 2nd faction called 'Guardian' and one for a new campaign which includes the new faction.
In the same month Petroglyph Games also released a spin-off to the original games, called 8-Bit Hordes. It uses the same engine as 8-Bit Armies but features a fantasy-themed scenario. A second spin-off, called 8-Bit Invaders was also released and featured a science-fiction-themed scenario with a high-tech human and an alien faction. The game also features cross game multiplayer battles, allowing players to play against each other with all factions from all three games.

## Release and reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| PC Games | 6.8/10 |
| 4Players | 6.5/10 |
8-Bit Armies was released digitally on April 22, 2016 on Steam as well as GOG.com. The reception of the game was mixed to positive. Reviewers acknowledged the game as a homage to the classic Command & Conquer franchise, with a similar simplistic gameplay approach and a classic retro graphic style. The classic RTS gameplay has been praised as the core strength of the game. Some reviews criticised the lack of variety: only one faction is playable, the campaign features no distinctive story line and the gameplay may feel repetitive. The soundtrack, which has been composed by former Command & Conquer composer Frank Klepacki, has been noted positively. As conclusion, reviews described the game as a nostalgic flashback which falls short in variety and long-time motivation.
# Uguressapitiya

Uguressapitiya is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province. This is close to the second major city of Sri Lanka, Kandy.
# Northern America (disambiguation)

Northern America may refer to:
* Northern America, a northerly region of the Americas.
* Northern America (WGSRPD), the botanical continent defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions
* An English translation of Mexico's first official name (América Septentrional), so entitled in the Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America — see Toponymy of Mexico.
* Northern United States, a region of the lower 48 of the United States of America near the Canada–United States border.
# Alan Cairns (clergyman)

Alan G. Cairns (August 12, 1940 – November 5, 2020) was a Northern Irish pastor, author, and radio Bible teacher.
A native of Belfast, Northern Ireland, he joined the nascent Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster as a teenager. After being called to its ministry, he became a close associate of Ulster preacher-politician Ian Paisley. Cairns served as pastor of Free Presbyterian churches in Dunmurry and then Ballymoney. In 1973 he began a radio ministry, "Let the Bible Speak," which in 2020 was heard on stations in the UK, the Irish Republic, North America, India, Africa, Nepal, Iran and Afghanistan.
In 1980, Cairns accepted a call to pastor Faith Free Presbyterian Church, Greenville, South Carolina, the first church in the United States to associate itself with the Ulster denomination. In Greenville, Cairns founded Geneva Reformed Seminary, which today serves as the seminary for the Free Presbyterian Church of North America.
Cairns adapted and published many of his sermon series as books and wrote a Dictionary of Theological Terms from a Reformed perspective. In 2007, Cairns became pastor emeritus, and in 2009, he retired to Ballymoney, where he died of COVID-19 in November 2020, at age 80.

## Publications

* Apostles of Error: An Examination of Liberalism, Neo-Orthodoxy, and Particularly New Evangelicalism (Greenville: Faith Free Presbyterian Church, 1989)
* Throned in Highest Bliss (Belfast: Ambassador Productions, 1990)
* A Prophet with Honour: The Life and Work of John Wylie... (Belfast: Presbytery of the Free Presbyterian Church, 1991)
* Eagle's Wings: Daily Devotional Meditations for a Whole Year, editor (Greenville: Ambassador, 1991)
* A Sure Foundation: Rediscovering the Basic Message of the New Testament (Greenville: Ambassador, 1996)
* Dictionary of Theological Terms, editor (Greenville: Emerald House, 1998)
* Chariots of God: God's Law in Relation to the Cross and the Christian (Belfast: Ambassador, 2000)
* The Fruit of the Spirit (Greenville: Ambassador-Emerald International, 2002)
* The Lord's Prayer (Greenville: Ambassador International, 2004)
# Pyrausta socialis

Pyrausta socialis, the sociable pyrausta moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1877. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Ontario west to British Columbia, south to Montana and Colorado.

## Subspecies

* Pyrausta socialis socialis
* Pyrausta socialis perpallidalis Munroe, 1976 (Washington, Oregon)
# Leander Richardson

Leander Pease Richardson (February 28, 1856 – February 2, 1918) was an American journalist, playwright, theatrical writer and author.

## Early life

Richardson was born in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1856. He was the son of Albert D. Richardson (a journalist and Union spy during the American Civil War), and Mary Louise Pease. The young Richardson was known to be of a "temperamental" disposition from an early age.

## Journalism career

When 16, Richardson began working for the Chicago Inter Ocean newspaper; and later became a European correspondent for the Boston Herald. In addition to other newspaper and magazine posts, he served as managing editor of The Morning Telegraph when that newspaper was first founded. He was known for changing jobs often.
He was one of the founding board members and Assistant Secretary of the Actors' Order of Friendship, a benevolent society founded in Philadelphia in 1849.
In 1884 he founded The Journalist trade magazine with Charles Alfred Byrne.
Later in life, he joined the staff of The New York Times.

### Notable interview

In 1876 while in Deadwood (in the Dakota Territory), he happened to interview Wild Bill Hickok the day before his death, and wrote about the event a number of times.

## Theatrical writer

Richardson was best known as a writer on theatrical topics, which he focused on for thirty years. He also became a playwright, writing seven plays and three books. An early example of this work was the play, Anselma, which opened at New York's Madison Square Theatre in September 1885, for which he was the bookwriter.

## Author

Richardson authored several books and short stories based on his travels.

## Death

Richardson died of pneumonia in February 1918. His obituary in The Fourth Estate, a journal on the newspaper industry, called Richardson "one of the most widely known dramatic editors in this country."
# Richard McKinley

Richard Albert McKinley (February 14, 1886 – May 18, 1951) was the first Director of the Indiana Department of Financial Institutions (DFI) and one of the founders of Security Bank and Trust in Vincennes, Indiana. He was appointed the first Director of the Indiana (DFI) in January 1933 and served until November 1937.
Mr. McKinley was born and reared in Clark county, Indiana.
Prior to serving as DFI Director Mr. McKinley was the State Bank Commissioner until the new Department of Financial Institutions was created in 1933.
Mr. McKinley started his banking career at age 22 at the Borden State Bank in Borden, Indiana. In 1912 he organized the bank at Hardensburg, Indiana and served as Head Cashier for 6 years.
Subsequently he sponsored the organization and establishment of the Clark County State Bank in Jeffersonville, Indiana in 1915. He was made Cashier and later became president. He held that position until 1933 when Governor Paul V. McNutt appointed him Commissioner of the Department of Financial Institutions of the State of Indiana. In July of the same year, he was appointed director of Department of Financial Institutions of the State of Indiana under the new banking code of 1933. He was reappointed director of the department by Governor M. Clifford Townsend and served in that capacity until November 1937.
After serving as DFI Director Richard moved to Vincennes, Indiana and helped to found Security Bank and Trust which opened on January 3, 1938 and served as the institution's first President until January 1949 at which time he was elected chairman of the board of directors.
Known as Mr. Mac within the Vincennes community McKinley would open a savings account and deposit a dollar for each child born in the city.
Richard was married to Edna E. Elrod on May 18, 1907 in Clark County in the State of Indiana. The McKinley's had four children, Irma Elrod McKinley (1908–1971), Roy Christian McKinley (1911–1914), Richard Albert McKinley (1916–1917) and Marjorie Marie McKinley (1918–1988).
# Untitled (Trooper album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
The untitled sixth studio album by the Canadian rock band Trooper (informally known as Trooper 1980) was released on October 4, 1980. It remains the only Trooper album not to chart a hit single on Canada's RPM 100 Singles chart.

## Track listing

(McGuire/Smith)
* 4:32 - "Don't Feel Like Dancing"
* 3:32 - "If I Never See Your Face Again"
* 4:44 - "Are You Still My Baby"
* 3:37 - "Real Canadians"
* 3:43 - "Legend"
* 3:47 - "Dump That Creep"
* 3:34 - "Laura"
* 3:57 - "I Don't Wanna Be Here"
* 5:04 - "Volunteer Victims"

## Band members

* Vocals - Ra McGuire
* Guitar - Brian Smith
* Drums - Tommy Stewart
* Bass - Doni Underhill
* Keyboards - Rob Deans

## Singles

* "Real Canadians" / "Go Ahead And Sue Me"
* "Laura" / "I Don't Wanna Be Here"
* "Are You Still My Baby" / "Legend"
# Liotella petalifera

Liotella petalifera is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Skeneidae.

## Description

(Original description by Hedley & May) The height of the shell attains 0.6 mm, its diameter 1.2 mm. The minute, white shell has a subdiscoidal shape. Its spire is very little elevated. The base of the shell is broadly and deeply umbilicate. The shell contains 4 whorls, of which two constitute the protoconch, the last descending, and in slight contact with its predecessor. The protoconch is smooth, helicoid, and sharply defined. The sculpture of the shell shows in the body whorl twenty-four, in the penultimate whorl nineteen, elevated curled and forwardly-directed lamellae, whose broad summits nearly equal their interstices. The lamellae are smooth and glossy, but the interstices are distantly spirally striated. The aperture is complete circular.

## Distribution

This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off Queensland to South Australia and off Tasmania, at depths between 73 m and 183 m.
# Far North Fiber

Far North Fiber, also called Far North Fiber Express Route, is a proposed 14,000 km long submarine fiber-optic cable connecting Japan and Europe by traversing the Northwest Passage. The cable was proposed in December, 2021 by Finnish company Cinia [fi] and Far North Digital of Anchorage, Alaska.

## History

A 10,600 km Japan–Europe cable via the Northeast Passage polar route was conceived by Cinia and the Russian company MegaFon in 2018, and feasibility studies were conducted circa 2020 around the Norwegian enterprise Bredbåndsfylket Arctic Link AS.
In March 2021, Cinia, Bredbåndsfylket, and MegaFon announced plans to create a Japan–Norway span through the Northeast Passage, called Arctic Connect. The Arctic Connect plans fell through in May, and it was reconfigured as Far North. The Russian government began laying cable on its own Northeast Passage six-pair submarine fiber system, Polar Express, in August 2021.
# Statue of María Izquierdo

A statue of María Izquierdo is installed along the Rotonda de los Jaliscienses Ilustres, in Centro, Guadalajara, in the Mexican state of Jalisco.