OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Quekettia (plant)

Quekettia is a small genus of orchids classified in the subtribe Oncidiinae. This genus is found in the humid lowlands of Brazil, the Guianas, Venezuela, Ecuador and Trinidad.
The trade of these orchids is controlled to avoid use incompatible with species survival
The name commemorates the author and microscopist Edwin John Quekett.

## Species

Species accepted as of June 2014:
* Quekettia microscopica Lindl. (French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, NE Brazil)
* Quekettia papillosa Garay (Suriname, Pará)
* Quekettia pygmaea (Cogn.) Garay & R.E.Schult. (Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil, Trinidad)
* Quekettia vermeuleniana Determann (Suriname)

### formerly included

moved to: Capanemia
* Q. australis - Capanemia micromera
* Q. carinata - Capanemia carinata
* Q. duseniana - Capanemia theresae
* Q. longirostellata - Capanemia theresae
* Q. micromera - Capanemia micromera
* Q. theresae - Capanemia theresae
# Josceline Percy

Josceline Percy may refer to:
* Josceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland (1644–1670), peer who supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War
* Josceline Percy (Royal Navy officer) (1784–1856), Royal Navy admiral and a Member of Parliament
* Lord Josceline Percy (1811–1881), British Conservative politician
# Christine Parris

Christine Parris (born 23 January 1967) is a Canadian softball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Surfing at the 2023 Pan American Games – Women's SUP race

The women's SUP race competition of the surfing events at the 2023 Pan American Games was held on October 30 at Punta de Lobos beach in Pichilemu, Chile.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| October 30, 2023 | 14:23 | Final |

## Results

The results during the elimination rounds were as follows:
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Candice Appleby | United States | 15:24.9 |
| | Jennifer Kalmbach | Costa Rica | 15:47.8 |
| | Mariecarmen Rivera | Puerto Rico | 16:36.4 |
| 4 | Sofía Finer | Mexico | 17:28.3 |
| 5 | Juliana González | Argentina | 18:14.6 |
| 6 | Lena Ribeiro | Brazil | 18:43.5 |
| 7 | Giannisa Vecco | Peru | 19:00.9 |
| 8 | Stephanie Bodden | Panama | 19.56.0 |
| 9 | Lina Augaitis | Canada | 20.09.0 |
| 10 | Carla Pérez | Chile | 20.50.1 |
# SuperDragons

SuperDragons is a community-arts initiative of Newport City Council. Modelled on the worldwide CowParade public art exhibitions, local artists were asked to submit designs with the winners being turned into community artwork by the artists themselves. So far the initiative has taken place in 2010 and 2012 with approximately 60 large, decorated, fibreglass dragons being presented on each occasion.
The 2010 event was arranged to celebrate the city's hosting of the Ryder Cup. After they had been on display from June to September 2010, most of these SuperDragons were auctioned, raising almost £100,000 for charity, while a few were later on display around the city at locations including Newport International Sports Village, Newport Museum and the Riverfront Arts Centre.
# Product cipher

In cryptography, a product cipher combines two or more transformations in a manner intending that the resulting cipher is more secure than the individual components to make it resistant to cryptanalysis. The product cipher combines a sequence of simple transformations such as substitution (S-box), permutation (P-box), and modular arithmetic. The concept of product ciphers is due to Claude Shannon, who presented the idea in his foundational paper, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems. A particular product cipher design where all the constituting transformation functions have the same structure is called an iterative cipher with the term "rounds" applied to the functions themselves.
For transformation involving reasonable number of n message symbols, both of the foregoing cipher systems (the S-box and P-box) are by themselves wanting. Shannon suggested using a combination of S-box and P-box transformation—a product cipher. The combination could yield a cipher system more powerful than either one alone. This approach of alternatively applying substitution and permutation transformation has been used by IBM in the Lucifer cipher system, and has become the standard for national data encryption standards such as the Data Encryption Standard and the Advanced Encryption Standard. A product cipher that uses only substitutions and permutations is called a SP-network. Feistel ciphers are an important class of product ciphers.
# Superiority and inferiority ranking method

The superiority and inferiority ranking method (or SIR method) is a multi-criteria decision making model (MCDA) which can handle real data and provides six different preference structures for the system user. MCDM is a sub-discipline of operations research that explicitly evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making, both in daily life and in settings such as business, government and medicine.

## Description

It also incorporates outranking rationale to deal with the 'poor' true-criteria preference structure which appears in selecting proper equipment. The superiority and inferiority scores are produced through the generalized criteria. The SIR method can also analyze different criteria without compiling them into a small scale as GAs.
# Sursana

Sursana is a village in Dalmau block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 8 km from Dalmau, the block headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,150 people, in 404 households. It has no schools and no healthcare facilities.
The 1961 census recorded Sursana as comprising 3 hamlets, with a total population of 689 people (347 male and 342 female), in 158 households and 149 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 597 acres.
The 1981 census recorded Sursana as having a population of 439 people, in 81 households, and having an area of 93.49 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.
# Log cradle container

A log cradle container is a specialized, 20-foot (6.10 m) open top and open-ended, intermodal container designed for carrying (or cradling) logs. This configuration allows it to be loaded from the open top by means of a loader and the logs can protrude from the ends. Like a regular 20-foot container it has eight twistlocks. From where the container is loaded with logs it can be put unto a truck and then on a flat wagon after a short road trip. At the end of the train journey it may be put on a truck to continue to a further destination. The use of the container saves unloading the truck, loading the flat wagon, unloading the flat wagon and loading a truck. In other words it can be handled like any other intermodal container.
This container was designed jointly by KiwiRail and Royal Wolf.
# Protophyta benigna

Protophyta benigna is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1939. It is found in Queensland, Australia.
# Protophyta (moth)

Protophyta is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1910.

## Species

* Protophyta benigna Turner, 1939
* Protophyta castanea (Lower, 1898)
# Surendra Chaurasia

Surendra Chaurasia (born 22 July 1989) is a farmer, turned politician of the Bhartiya Janata Party who is an elected member from Rampur Karkhana Assembly constituency in 2022 in Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh.

## Early life

Surendra Chaurasia was born in an ordinary family in village Kushahari of Deoria district. Started student politics by joining Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad and then joined Hindu Yuva Vahini by adopting the ideology of Hindutva under the guidance of Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath of Uttar Pradesh. His profession according to the election affidavit filed with the Election Commission of India is: Agriculture & Business.

## Political career

Surendra Chaurasia is an elected MLA of the 18th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly and represents the Rampur Karkhana constituency of Deoria. Presently a member of Bharatiya Janata Party, before that he contested student union election in 2006 and then was elected as member of District Panchayat in 2010. He became one of the youngest MLAs in Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly by defeating veteran candidate Ghazala Laari.
# Surfing Australia

Surfing Australia is the governing body for the sport of surfing in Australia.

## History

The Australian Surfriders Association was founded in 1963, and was renamed Surfing Australia in 1993.
In 2013, for its 50th anniversary, Surfing Australia named Mark Richards the 1963-2013 most influential surfer in Australia. In 2014 it inaugurated the Australian Boardriders Battle, and renewed its partnership with the Edith Cowan University to further develop the Hurley Surfing Australia High Performance Centre (HPC), the world's first facility dedicated to the development of elite surfers and coaches. In 2014, Surfing Australia turned to the alcohol industry for sponsorship after the federal government abolished its anti-alcohol health promotion agency that provided part of the surfing association's funding.
In 2015, Surfing Australia congratulated the Olympics' committee choice to include surfing in the Tokyo 2020 Games. In 2017–2018, the HPC was renovated and upgraded to prepare the Australian surfer for the Olympic competition. Surfing Australia also trained the Olympic contestants in a $30-million artificial surf park that pumps out 1,000 waves per hour.

## Structure

The national body has six state member associations:
* Surfing Queensland
* Surfing NSW
* Surfing Western Australia
* Surfing Victoria
* Surfing South Australia
* Surfing Tasmania

## Publications

* The Best of the Best from Surfing Australia, Hachette Australia (collection of photos taken between 2013 and 2017)
# Prussian blue (medical use)

Prussian blue, also known as potassium ferric hexacyanoferrate, is used as a medication to treat thallium poisoning or radioactive caesium poisoning. For thallium it may be used in addition to gastric lavage, activated charcoal, forced diuresis, and hemodialysis. It is given by mouth or nasogastric tube. Prussian blue is also used in the urine to test for G6PD deficiency.
Side effects may include constipation, low blood potassium, and stools that are dark. With long-term use, sweat may turn blue. It mainly works by trapping the toxic monovalent cations in its crystal lattice after ion-exchange with potassium or ammonium cations and thus preventing the absorption of thallium and radio-caesium from the intestines.
Prussian blue was developed around 1706. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. As of 2016, it is only approved for medical use in Germany, the United States, and Japan. Access to medical-grade Prussian blue can be difficult in many areas of the world including the developed world.

## Medical uses

Prussian blue is used to treat thallium poisoning or radioactive caesium poisoning. It may also be used for exposure to radioactive material until the underlying type is determined.
Often it is given with mannitol or sorbitol to increase the speed it moves through the intestines.
Prussian blue is also used to detect hemosiderin in urine to confirm a diagnosis of G6PD deficiency.

### Thallium poisoning

For thallium it may be used in addition to gastric lavage, forced diuresis, and hemodialysis.
It is given until the amount of thallium in the urine drops to below 0.5 mg per day.

### Caesium poisoning

It is specifically only used for radioactive caesium poisoning when the caesium has entered the body either by swallowing or breathing it in.
# Prussian carp

The Prussian carp, silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) is a member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes many other fish, such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows. It is a medium-sized cyprinid, and does not exceed a weight of 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) and a length of 45 centimetres (18 in). They are usually silver, although other color variations exist. They are omnivorous and feed on plankton, invertebrates, plant material and detritus. Originally from Siberia or central Europe, they have been introduced to and are now inhabiting lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers throughout Europe, North America, and Asia.
Prussian carps are a highly invasive fish species in areas outside their native range. They reproduce and spread rapidly. In 2020, scientists demonstrated that a small proportion of fertilized Prussian carp eggs ingested by waterfowl survive passing through the digestive tract and hatch after being retrieved from the feces. Birds exhibit strong preference for fish eggs, while cyprinids produce hundreds of thousands of eggs at a single spawning event. These data indicate that despite the low proportion of eggs surviving the digestive tract of birds, endozoochory might provide a potentially overlooked dispersal mechanism of Prussian carps. If proven under natural circumstances, endozoochorous dispersal of invasive fish could be a strong conservation concern for freshwater biodiversity.
Prussian carp are capable of gynogenesis, meaning sperm is required to fertilize their eggs, but the male gamete does not contribute any DNA to the embryo. Females lay eggs and then "steal" sperm from related species. In other words, they are able to reproduce from unfertilized egg.

## Description

The Prussian carp is a deep-bodied, robust fish which resembles the crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and grows to about 10 to 35 cm (4 to 14 in) in length. Its scales are larger than those of the crucian carp, and it typically has 27 to 32 scales along the lateral line, whereas the crucian carp usually has between 31 and 35. The species is silvery, sometimes with a faint golden tinge, while the crucian carp has a burnished gold appearance. The Prussian carp's tail is more deeply forked than that of the crucian carp.
# Prussian film

Prussian films were a cycle of historical films made in Germany during the Weimar (1918–1933) and Nazi (1933–1945) eras noted for their general glorification of Prussian history and its military. The films are set during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. They particularly focused on Frederick the Great, who ruled Prussia from 1740 to 1786 greatly expanding its territory (hence known widely as Fridericus-Rex-Filme). The films were extremely popular with German audiences and an estimated forty four were produced by the end of the Second World War (twenty-seven of them during the Weimar era).

## Origins

While there were Prussian-themed films as far back as 1912–1913, the breakthrough came with the release in 1922 of the first two parts of the Fridericus Rex series featuring Otto Gebühr as Frederick the Great. Two further parts were released in 1923. The success of Fridericus Rex cemented the popularity of the genre and many similar films were produced in following years. Otto Gebühr became closely associated with Frederick and played him numerous times in both the Weimar and Nazi periods.
The boom in Prussian films came shortly after the end of the First World War. Following its defeat Germany had been forced to accept the loss of territory - badly denting national pride. The Kaiser Wilhelm II, a member of the Hohenzollern dynasty which had ruled in parts of Prussia since the sixteenth century, was deposed in 1918, and Germany became a Republic. The films are sometimes seen as prefiguring the rise of Nazism, but may at the time have represented a nostalgic wish for a restored monarchy.

## End

Following the collapse of the Nazi regime and the Allied Occupation of Germany in 1945, strict rules were enacted concerning German films and any perceived promotion of German ultra-nationalism which might lead to a revival of Nazism was outlawed. This effectively ended the cycle of "Prussian films", although films set in the Prussian-era continued.

## Selected films
### Frederick the Great

* Fridericus Rex (1922-1923)
* The Mill at Sanssouci (1926)
* The Old Fritz (1928)
* The Flute Concert of Sanssouci (1930)
* The Dancer of Sanssouci (1932)
* The Hymn of Leuthen (1933)
* Heiteres und Ernstes um den großen König (1936)
* Fridericus (1937)
* Das schöne Fräulein Schragg 1937
* The Great King (1942)

### Napoleonic Wars

* The Eleven Schill Officers (1926)
* Prinz Louis Ferdinand (1927)
* Lützow's Wild Hunt (1927)
* Waterloo (1929)
* The Last Company (1930)
* Luise, Königin von Preußen (1931)
* Yorck (1931)
* Marshal Forwards (1932)
* The Eleven Schill Officers (1932)
* Kolberg (1945)
* A Handful of Heroes (1967)

### German Empire

* Bismarck 1862–1898 (1927)
* Bismarck (1940)

### Other

* The Roedern Affair (1944)
# Loma Linda (disambiguation)

Loma Linda (Spanish for "beautiful hill") may refer to:
* Loma Linda, California
** Loma Linda Academy
** Loma Linda University
** Loma Linda University Church
** Loma Linda University Medical Center
* Loma Linda, Missouri
* Loma Linda East, Texas
* Loma Linda Foods
# Loe of Maui

Loe Chief of Maui :
| Father | Kamaloohua |
| Mother | Kapu of Maui |
| Wife | Wahaʻakuna |
| Issue | Kahokuohua |
Loe (Hawaiian: Loe o Maui) was a High Chief in ancient Hawaii. Loe was the sovereign chief of the island of Maui, mentioned in old chants, and ancestor of Kalahumoku II.

## Life

Loe was a son of the Chief Kamaloohua by his consort, Kapu of Maui, and thus a grandson of Kuhimana. He followed his father as chief of Maui.
Although war did not occur between Maui and any of the other islands during his reign, there was a disturbance in his father's reign.
He married a woman named Wahaʻakuna, who is mentioned by Samuel Kamakau. They had a son named Kahokuohua, who was a King of Molokaʻi island.
Loe is considered to be the great progenitor of the Maui chiefdom. His successor was his grandson, Kaulahea I.
# Lokuta

Lokuta may refer to several places in Estonia:
* Lokuta, Järva County, village in Türi Parish, Järva County
* Lokuta, Lääne-Viru County, village in Tapa Parish, Lääne-Viru County
* Lokuta, Kehtna Parish, village in Kehtna Parish, Rapla County
* Lokuta, Märjamaa Parish, village in Märjamaa Parish, Rapla County
# Pseudolaguvia flavida

Pseudolaguvia flavida is a species of sisorid catfish in the family Erethistidae. It is found in the Hooghly River, a tributary of the Ganges River in West Bengal, India.

## Description

Pseudolaguvia flavida reaches a standard length of 2.5 cm (1 in).
# Long Look Estate

The Long Look Estate in East End, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, claims to be the oldest free black community in the Western world.

## History

In 1776 Samuel Nottingham, a Quaker, manumitted 25 slaves and gave them 50 acres (200,000 m$^2$) of land in Long Look in Tortola, directing them to cultivate it for the common good. Quakers were prominent in the abolition movement; Nottingham's action pre-dates the foundation of the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade by more than a decade.
A report made in 1823 by a John Dougan states "So quiet and retired had these Persons lived there, that although I have been for many years residing in the Island, yet I derived no knowledge of the Situation and Circumstances regarding these People..." At the time of Dougan's report, the population of the estate had increased to 43. He further reported that "Not one of them is in debt, and their Property is free from all Incumbrance. That 12 of the grown up Persons are admitted Members of the Westleyan Methodist Society, and with their Children attend regularly the Methodist Chapel at the East End of the Island ... since their Emancipation to the present Day none of them have been sued in Court, or brought before a Magistrate to answer a complaint against them. One of them once obtained a Warrant against a Person who had assaulted him, who begging his Pardon, He forgave Him."

## Currently

In 2002 the Virgin Islands legislature passed laws which required residents of the estate to sell their land to other residents of the estate if they were prepared to pay the same price, to preserve the cultural heritage of the area. The measure was not universally popular, as it made it more difficult for land-owning families to sell their property, but it is nonetheless thought to be an important step in securing the historical legacy of the Territory.
The freed slaves (as was common at the time) took the surname of their last owners, and went by the family name of Nottingham. Although many other former slave owners' descendants are still well represented within the Territory, by the twenty-first century no Nottinghams appeared on the voter's roll or the telephone directory.
# London Society

London Society was a Victorian era illustrated monthly periodical, subtitled "an illustrated magazine of light and amusing literature for the hours of relaxation". It was published between 1862 and 1898 by W. Clowes and Sons, London, England. The magazine published miscellaneous articles, short fiction (mostly anonymous), and serialized novels. The Stanford Companion to Victorian Fiction called it "an inferior imitator of Smith's Cornhill".
Literary contributors included Charlotte Riddell, whose novels Above Suspicion (1874) and The Senior Partner (1881-2) were serialized; Florence Marryat (Open Sesame); and a pre-Sherlock Holmes Arthur Conan Doyle. Illustrators included Mary Ellen Edwards, Randolph Caldecott, Harry Furniss, F. A. Fraser, and George Cruikshank.
# Loktantrik Samajwadi Party (India)

The Loktantrik Samajwadi Party is a minor political party in India. It was founded on 9 January 1994 in Patna by three senior MPs from the Janata Dal Party. These were Ram Sundar Das, Rasheed Masood, and Upendra Nath Verma.

## Electoral performance

The party contested 14 seats in the 1998 Lok Sabha (national parliament) elections. They also stood in the 1999, 2004, 2009, and 2014 elections, steadily dropping the number of seats contested. By 2014 they were contesting only two seats. They lost their deposits in every constituency contested in every election over that period.
The party won a seat in the 2008 state assembly election in Rajasthan.
# Pseudophilautus wynaadensis

Pseudophilautus wynaadensis, commonly known as the Wayanad bush frog, common bush frog, jerdon's bush frog, plain-colored bush frog, Malabar coast frog, or dark-eared bush frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats of southwest India.

## Description

Pseudophilautus wynaadensis males measure 24–28 mm (0.94–1.10 in) in snout–vent length; a female measured 27 mm (1.1 in) SVL. The body is rather slender. Colouration varies, even within the same population, from uniform grey to brownish or reddish grey. The upper two-thirds of the tympanum is dark black. The dorsum has spinular projections.

## Distribution

It is found widely in southern Western Ghats from the regions of Coorg and Wayanad to Periyar, on both sides of the Palakkad Gap.

## Habitat

Pseudophilautus wynaadensis is associated with the understorey of tropical moist evergreen forest and shrubland, as well as secondary forest and cultivated land (such as tea and coffee plantations). It is among the most common bush frogs in the area, and a dominant one in wayside vegetation and urban areas. It is nocturnal and arboreal.
# Pseudopostega congruens

Pseudopostega congruens is a moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Walsingham, Lord Thomas de Grey, in 1914. It is known from Guerrero, Mexico.
The length of the forewings is about 4.4 mm. Adults have been recorded in August.
# Pseudopostega contigua

Pseudopostega contigua is a moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Donald R. Davis and Jonas R. Stonis, 2007. It is known from riparian forest along the Rio Negro of southern Venezuela.
The length of the forewings is about 2 mm (0.079 in). Adults have been recorded in December.

## Etymology

The species name is derived from the Latin contiguus (meaning near, adjacent) in reference to the paired, contiguous, apical lobes of the male gnathos.
# Psyrassa tympanophora

Psyrassa tympanophora is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.