OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spirochaeta americana

Spirochaeta americana is a single-celled extremophile. This haloalkaliphilic and obligately anaerobic bacterium can be found in the highly alkaline, salty, deep waters of California's Mono Lake.

## Physical characteristics

S. americana has long helically coiled cells, is gram-negative, and is chemotrophic in its metabolism. Spirochaeta also have unique flagella, sometimes called axial filaments, which run lengthwise between the cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane. These cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about. Despite the extreme environment that they require, "their cell walls are very delicate, and it is difficult to keep them alive for long periods in the laboratory," says Dr. Elena Pikuta, one of the discoverers of S. americana.

## Environment

S. americana thrives in the lake-bottom mud of Lake Mono, a 13 mile wide former monomictic volcanic basin which is fed by numerous small Sierra streams and which has no outflow except evaporation and Californian aqueducts, thereby continually increasing the concentration of salts and other minerals in its waters. Further mineral enrichment of these waters also occur due to the volcanically active area, such as when Negit Island erupted roughly 250 years ago.
Surviving in deep, salty, alkaline lake mud of Lake Mono, the extreme conditions in which S. americana thrive have prompted its discoverers to explore Antarctica's Lake Untersee, hopefully to discover similar species.

## Reproduction

S. americana reproduces via transverse binary fission, where the cytoplasm divides transversely between two sets of DNA genomes, forming two dissimilar individuals, as do other Spirochaeta.

## Growth and metabolism

This bacterium grows in environments of 10 to 44 degrees Celsius with optimal growth at 37 degrees and prefers a pH balance of 9.5, similar to that of baking soda, hand soap, or a solution of household bleach in water.
S. americana is capable of metabolizing D-glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, starch and D-mannitol and has as its waste H$_2$, acetate, ethanol and formate.
# Sporta Aģentūras Stadions

Sporta Aģentūras Stadions is a multi-use stadium in Rēzekne, Latvia. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of SK Blāzma of the Virsliga. The stadium holds 3,000 people.
# Sport szelet

Sport szelet ("sport slice") is a chocolate bar first produced in Hungary in the 1950s. After the collapse of the socialist government in 1989, Kraft Foods bought the rights to Sport szelet and continued to produce the candy bar with its distinctive half-century old style of packaging.
# Cikap-kamuy

Cikap-kamuy (also called Kotan-kor-kamuy, which should not be confused with Kotan-kar-kamuy) is the Ainu kamuy (god) of owls and the land. He is responsible for overseeing the behavior of humans and kamuy. He is considered a deity of material success.

## Depiction

Cikap-Kamuy is depicted as a great owl, as opposed to smaller owls (such as little horned owl) that represent demons and other malicious spirits. The Ainu believed that the owl watched over the mosir (country) and local kotan (villages), so Cikap-Kamuy came to be represented as the master of the domain. In some areas, his tears were said to be gold and silver.

## Mythology

Cikap-Kamuy's most important myth establishes him as a god of plenty who ensures that rituals are being enacted properly. As the story goes, famine had struck the land, and humankind was starving. Cikap-Kamuy wished to send a message to heaven inquiring about the cause of the famine, and he asked Crow to be his messenger. His message and instructions were very lengthy, however, and it took him days to recite them. On the third day, Crow fell asleep, and Cikap-Kamuy grew angry and killed him. Cikap-Kamuy next asked Mountain Jay to be his messenger, but on the fourth day, Mountain Jay fell asleep and was killed in turn. The third messenger was the Dipper Bird, who listened respectfully for six full days until Cikap-Kamuy finally completed the recitation of the message. Dipper Bird then flew to the heavens, and returned with news that the kamuy of fish and game were angry because humans had stopped showing proper respect for the gifts they gave. Accordingly, Cikap-Kamuy went to the humans and taught them the proper rituals to be enacted after killing a fish or a deer. Once the humans began performing these rituals, the kamuy were appeased, and the famine ceased.
The Ainu considered the hondo crow and the mountain jay birds of ill omen as a result of this myth. The dipper, in contrast, was a sign of good fortune.
In another myth Cikap-Kamuy has a sister, forced to marry Okikurmi, after he defeats the owl god in a fight.

## In art and popular culture

* In Doodle Champion Island Games, Cikap-Kamuy is known as Fukuro, and is described as a large owl sitting on top of a perch on the Champion Island Mountain, overseeing the Climbing Sport.
* Hisuian Decidueye is possibly inspired by Cikap-kamuy.
* The First Symphony of Japanese composer Takashi Yoshimatsu bears the title Kamui-Chikap Symphony.
# Cilnia humeralis

Cilnia humeralis, common name wide-armed mantis, is an aggressive and very cannibalistic species of praying mantis from Africa.
A breeder in Great Britain describes C. humeralis as "a very stockily built species with huge forelegs; possibly the most powerful and aggressive species I have kept."

## Subspecies

This species of mantis contains two subspecies.

### Cilnia humeralis femoralis (Werner, 1906)

This subspecies of mantis is found in Tanzania.

### Cilnia humeralis humeralis (Saussure, 1871)

This subspecies of mantis is found in Ethiopia, Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia.
Synonyms of this subspecies include:
* Cilnia humeralis brevipennis (Schulthess-Rechberg, 1899)
* Cilnia humeralis ignota (Rehn, 1904)
* Cilnia humeralis latipes (Stal, 1876)
# Spruce Grove Cashspiel

The Spruce Grove Cashspiel was an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that took place at the Spruce Grove Curling Club in Spruce Grove, Alberta. The tournament was one of the development series events introduced on the World Curling Tour during the 2012–13 curling season. The tournament was held in a round robin format. The tournament was started in 2012 as part of the World Curling Tour.

## Past champions

Only skip's name is displayed.

### Men

| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Purse (CAD) |
| 2012 | Les Rogers | Greg Keith | $8,000 |
| 2013 | Brendan Bottcher | Jamie King | $10,300 |
| 2014 | Kim Seung-min | Mike Hutchings | $2,800 |

### Women

| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Purse (CAD) |
| 2012 | Tiffany Steuber | Holly Whyte | $8,000 |
| 2013 | Amy Nixon | Nicky Kaufman | $8,000 |
| 2014 | Shannon Kleibrink | Heather Nedohin | $12,500 |
# Sports information director

A sports information director is a type of public relations worker who provides statistics, team, and player notes, as well as other information about a college or university's sports teams to the news media and public. Abbreviated as "SID," sports information directors often have varying titles, such as media relations director, director of athletics communications, and communications director.
SIDs are generally responsible for a number of external publicity efforts by an athletics department. This ranges from updating and maintaining the content on the school's athletics website and social media accounts to statistics management to historical records keeping. SIDs also are often responsible for the production of official publications, most notably media guides, game notes and game programs. Media guides are used both as a resource for the news media and as a recruiting piece for the individual teams.
The College Sports Information Directors of America (CoSIDA) provides an organizational structure for SIDs at all collegiate levels in the United States and Canada. The organization has named Academic All-Americans since 1952. CoSIDA also provides career resources for potential SIDs such as job postings and résumé exchanges.
Some schools offer academic programming aimed at training future sports information directors. Duquesne University, for example, offers a major and a minor in "Sports Information and Media."
# City Centre North (Liverpool ward)

City Centre North ward is an electoral district of Liverpool City Council within the Liverpool Riverside and Liverpool Walton constituencies.
The ward was created for the elections held on 4 May 2023 following a 2022 review by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England, which created the ward to be represented by two councillors. The ward covers most of the western half of the former Central ward with small sections of the former Everton and Riverside wards.
The ward includes Liverpool city centre, including St George's Hall and Liverpool Town Hall. The ward boundaries follow Leeds Street, Bath Street, the Strand, Liver Street, Hanover Street, Lime Street and Byrom Way.

## Councillors

| Election | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor | Councillor |
| 2023 | | Christine Banks (Lab) | | Nick Small (Lab) |
indicates seat up for re-election after boundary changes.
indicates seat up for re-election.
indicates change in affiliation.
indicates seat up for re-election after casual vacancy.

## Election Results
### Elections of the 2020s

4th May 2023 - 3 seats :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Christine Banks$^§$ | 466 | 30.05 | |
| | Labour | Nick Small$^§$ | 373 | 24.05 | |
| | Green | Sally Newey | 264 | 17.02 | |
| | Liverpool Community Independents | Maria Toolan$^§$ | 247 | 15.93 | |
| | Liberal Democrats | Karl Robert White | 115 | 7.41 | |
| | Independent | Brian Phillips | 60 | 3.87 | |
| | Independent | Jacob McNally | 26 | 1.68 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 202 | | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 4,690 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 7 | | |
| Total ballots | Total ballots | Total ballots | | |
| | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) |
| | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) | Labour win (new seat) |
$^§$Christine Banks, Nick Small and Maria Toolan were re-standing councillors for the former Central ward.
# Clan Gardyne

Clan Gardyne is a lowland Scottish clan from Angus

## History
### Origins of the clan

The surname is frequently spelt Gardyne and according to the historian George Fraser Black, a family long of that Ilk hailed from the barony of Gardyne in the parish of Kirkden in the county of Angus. They built a strong tower, Gardyne Castle, which was extended in the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

### 16th century clan conflicts

The Clan Gardyne feuded with the nearby Clan Guthrie in the 16th century. The Guthries' Guthrie Castle was only a few miles away. In 1578 Patrick Gardyne of that Ilk was killed by William Guthrie and in the feud that followed both clans appear to have suffered heavy casualties. There are two accounts of how the feud started: According to the Gardynes, Patrick Gardyne and his kinsman Robert were killed on Carbundow Moor in 1578 and their deaths were avenged by Thomas Gairden who killed Alexander Guthrie in Inverpeffer in 1587. However, according to the Guthries, Alexander Guthrie was murdered by his cousin, Thomas Gairden, and his death was avenged by his nephew, William Guthrie who killed Patrick Gardyne. The result of the feud was ultimately a victory for the more powerful Clan Guthrie. David Gardyne, the tenth Laird then sold the castle and much of the lands, acquiring the estate of Lawton.

### 17th century and Thirty Years' War

David Gardyne, the tenth Laird married Janet Lindsay, daughter of Sir David Lindsay, Lord Edzell in 1602. The male line of this family died out and is now represented by Bruce-Gardyne of Middleton.
The arms of a black boar's head on a silver shield are borne by the Gardyne of Troup branch of the clan, who are descended from the Gardynes of Banchory. The first Laird of Troup was sent by Charles I of England to assist Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden during the Thirty Years' War where he saw distinguished service and remained in the Swedish court until 1654. When he returned to Scotland he purchased the lands of Troup in Banffshire which remain with this family today.

## Castles

* Gardyne Castle in Angus mostly dates from the fifteenth century but with older work. It was originally held by the Gardynes until it passed to the Lyles of Dysart in 1682.
* Banchory in Aberdeenshire is the site of a castle that was replaced by a mansion and was held by the Gardynes of Banchory.
* Castle of Troup, near Rosehearty, Aberdeenshire was originally held by the Clan Comyn, then by the Troups and probably the clan Keith, but passed to the Gardynes in 1654.
* Delgatie Castle which is near Turriff, Aberdeenshire passed to the Gardynes of Troup in 1762 and is now open to the public all year.
* Pitsligo Castle, near Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire is a large castle that was briefly held by the Gardynes.
# Clan Gayre

Clan Gayre or Clan Gair purports to be a Highland Scottish clan.

## Origins of the Clan

Robert Gayre of Gayre and Nigg (original name Robert Gair), the father of the present chief, created the clan after World War II. He is the chief source for most of the information in the Clan's Wikipedia article, which can be found nowhere else; Robert Gayre invented the Clan and its history.
Gayre claimed to be the Chief of "Clan Gayre" and "Clan Gayre and Nigg". In 1947, he wrote a book titled Gayre's Booke: Being a History of the Family of Gayre in which he presented an ancestry that supposedly established his claim to be the chieftain of the Clan of Gayre; however no clan or sept by that name is mentioned in any record prior to Gayre's use of it in the second quarter of the 20th century.
World Orders of Knighthood and Merit by Guy Stair Sainty (published by Burke's Peerage) refers to "the late Robert Gayre (first Chief of the newly formed Clan Gayre)".
The Glasgow Herald newspaper, on 14 June 1975, wrote, "Robert Gayre, of Gayre and Nigg, is singular among genealogists, dynasts and the like, if only for the reason that, alone among them, he has been able to create a Scottish clan from scratch, providing it with traditions, rituals, precedences and privileges...".
In 2017 the genealogist Anthony J. Camp showed that Gayre did not himself have a male-line descent from earlier families of that surname.

## Clan Chief

The current self-styled chief of the Clan Gayre is Reinold Gayre of Gayre and Nigg.
# Square (unit)

The square is an Imperial unit of area that is used in the construction industry in the United States and Canada, and was historically used in Australia. One square is equal to 100 square feet. Examples where the unit is used are roofing shingles, metal roofing, vinyl siding, and fibercement siding products. Some home builders use squares as a unit in floor plans to customers.
When used in reference to material that is applied in an overlapped fashion, such as roof shingles or siding, a square refers to the amount of material needed to cover 100 square feet when installed according to a certain lap pattern. For example, for a shingle product designed to be installed so that each course has 5 in (130 mm) of exposure, a square would actually consist of more than 100 square feet of shingles in order to allow for overlapping of courses to yield the proper exposed surface.
Construction in Australia no longer uses the square as a unit of measure, and it has been replaced by the square metre. The measurement was often used by estate agents to make the building sound larger as the measure includes the areas outside under the eaves, and so cannot be directly compared to the internal floor area. Residential buildings in the state of Victoria, Australia are sometimes still advertised in squares.

## Conversions

1 square equals
* 100 square feet
* 9.29030 square metres
# Springfield Recreation Area

Springfield Recreation Area is a state recreation area in Bon Homme County, South Dakota in the United States. The recreation area is located on the upper part of Lewis and Clark Lake, and is popular for boating, fishing, and hunting. There is a 20-site campground and a boat launch to access the lake and the Missouri River. The area is about 30 miles west of Yankton.
# Spodsbjerg

Spodsbjerg is a village in south Denmark, located in Langeland Municipality on the island of Langeland in Region of Southern Denmark.
# Cirripectes perustus

Cirripectes perustus, the flaming blenny, is a species of combtooth blenny found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian oceans. This species reaches a length of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) TL.
# Clark County Water Reclamation District

The Clark County Water Reclamation District (District) is a government wastewater treatment agency in Clark County, Nevada. As a member of the Southern Nevada Water Authority, its mission is to treat millions of gallons of wastewater that is produced every day. The District is the largest water treatment agency in Southern Nevada and is responsible for treating wastewater from unincorporated parts of Clark County within the Las Vegas Valley, including most of the Las Vegas Strip, and the communities of Blue Diamond, Moapa Valley, Indian Springs, Laughlin, and Searchlight.
The district was created by judicial decree in August 1954. Prior to that time, the treatment of sewage in unincorporated Clark County was by means of cesspools, septic tanks, and several small treatment plants operated by the hotels along the Las Vegas Strip. The continuing growth of both the tourist and residential portions of the community pointed out the need for more sanitary and efficient means of treating the wastewater.
The District collects and reclaims an average of 83 million US gallons (310,000 m$^3$) per day of wastewater. Current plans call for expansion of the district's facility to allow for up to 110 million US gallons (420,000 m$^3$) per day of wastewater to be treated, which will be needed as the Las Vegas Valley continues to grow.
Other wastewater in the Las Vegas Valley is treated by individual cities that operate their own treatment facilities.
# Springtime for the World

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
| New Musical Express | 7/10 |
| Select | 2/5 |
Springtime for the World is the fifth album by British band The Blow Monkeys, released in 1990. The work represented the band's ultimate transformation into a dance music act, a direction the band had been gradually moving since their biggest hit single, "It Doesn't Have to Be This Way" (number 5 in the UK Singles Chart in 1987), and the album it was taken from, She Was Only a Grocer's Daughter.
The album's title track, "Springtime for the World", reached number 69 in the UK Singles Chart.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Dr. Robert (Robert Howard); except where noted
* "In Too Deep" – 4:33
* "Springtime for the World" – 3:25
* "Vibe Alive!" – 2:50
* "Reflections '89" – 2:57
* "Be Not Afraid" (Robert Howard, Cheb Khaled) - 6:54
* "If You Love Somebody" – 5:08
* "La Passionara" – 4:43
* "Let the People Dance" – 3:43
* "Fruits of the Earth" – 4:43
* "As the Dust Settles" – 6:02
* "Checking Out" – 4:56 [CD/MC only]
* "The Other Side of You" (Howard, Kiley, Anker, Henry) - 4:38 [CD only]

## Singles taken from the album

* "Springtime for the World" (1990) (UK Singles Chart no. 69)
* "La Passionara" [Remix] (1990)
* "If You Love Somebody" [Remix] (1990)

### The Springtime for the World EP

The three songs above were also released on a joint double A-side four-track EP, collectively entitled Springtime for the World, featuring two alternative versions of "If You Love Somebody".
* (A1) "Springtime for the World"
* (A2) "La Passionara"
* (AA1) "If You Love Somebody" [Musto & Bones 12"]
* (AA2) "If You Love Somebody" [Musto & Bones Dub]

## Personnel

The Blow Monkeys
* Dr. Robert – vocals, piano, guitar
* Mick Anker – bass guitar
* Neville Henry – saxophone
* Tony Kiley – drums
Other musicians
* Cheb Khaled – lead vocals (track 5)
* Barbara Snow – trumpet and brass arrangement (track 5)
* Brian Bethell – guitar
* Sylvia Mason, Mary Cassidy – background vocals
* Simon Watson – Spanish guitar (track 7)
Production
* Dr. Robert and Hector for Springtime for the World Productions – production
* Andy Mason – engineering
* Ritchie Fermie for Bamn Productions – remix (track 8)
* Tommy Musto & Frankie Bones for Northcott/JSE Productions – additional production and mix (tracks AA1, AA2)
* Mike Rodgers – mix engineering (tracks AA1, AA2) at "D&D Studios", New York City
Staff
* Kate Garner – photography
* Paul McGarvey, Katie & Deirdre – RCA personnel

## Release details

Album
| Country | Date | Label | Format | Catalogue |
| UK | 1990 | RCA/BMG/Ariola | CD | PD 74539 |
| UK | 1990 | RCA/BMG/Ariola | LP | PL 7459 |
| UK | 1990 | RCA/BMG/Ariola | MC | PK 74539 |
Maxi-single
| Country | Date | Label | Format | Catalogue |
| UK | 1990 | RCA/BMG/Ariola | EP | PT 43626 |
# Springtime in Budapest

Springtime in Budapest (Hungarian: Budapesti tavasz) is a 1955 Hungarian war drama film directed by Félix Máriássy and starring Tibor Molnár, Miklós Gábor and Zsuzsa Gordon. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest. The film's sets were designed by the art director Mátyás Varga. It was based on a 1953 novel of the same title by Ferenc Karinthy.

## Cast

* Tibor Molnár as Gazsó Bertalan
* Miklós Gábor as Pintér Zoltán
* Zsuzsa Gordon as Jutka
* Gábor Rajnay as Turnovszky
* Mária Mezei as Turnovszkyné
* Iván Darvas as Karaganov fõhadnagy
* Elemér Tarsoly as Turumbek tizedes
* Lajos Rajczy Markó
* Erzsi Lengyel as Fiatal özvegyasszony
* Éva Ruttkai as Fiatal rikkancs
* László Bánhidi as Sinkovits
* John Bartha as one of the gendarmes
* Béla Károlyi as one of the soviet soldiers
* Nusi Somogyi
* Mária Lázár
* István Somló
* Sándor Pethes
* Oszkár Ascher
* Kálmán Rózsahegyi
# Claraville Station

18°39′34″S 141°42′44″E﻿ / ﻿18.65948°S 141.71234°E﻿ / -18.65948; 141.71234﻿ (Claraville)
Claraville Station is a pastoral lease that currently operates as a cattle station in Queensland.
It is located approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south west of Croydon and 128 kilometres (80 mi) south east of Normanton in the gulf country of Queensland. The property is composed of open forest country with softer area of frontage country along the Clara and Yappar Rivers and their tributaries. There are good stands of Mitchell Grass, Spearwood and Spinifex throughout along with edible shrubs such as verano and stylos.
The channel systems support areas of Coolibah, Gum and Box Trees that extend into Wattle. The property is divided into 10 main paddocks, 6 smaller paddocks and numerous holding paddocks. The main house at the homestead was built in 2005.
Clareville was established at some time prior to 1884 when it was acquired the Rochfort brothers who also owned Dotswood and Wallabadah Stations. By 1891 the property was owned by A. S. Haydon and occupied an area of 700 square miles (1,813 km$^2$) and stocked with 2,000 cattle.
Jack Campbell and John Thomas Willcox owned the property in 1925 with Campbell managing the station.
The Priestley brothers owned the station in 1952 which had been a dry season and the herd had been reduced to 2,000 head, 1,000 of which were transferred to WondoolaStation.
In 2013 the property was placed on the market Sydney-based owners Mike and Kim Sergeant. Claraville occupies an area of 2,170 square kilometres (838 sq mi) and was stocked with 10,000 head of cattle.