OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Soltau–Neuenkirchen railway

The Soltau–Neuenkirchen railway was a standard gauge line built for the East Hanoverian Railways (Osthannoversche Eisenbahnen or OHE) in North Germany.

## History

An extension of the Kleinbahn from Lüneburg to Soltau to Neuenkirchen or Rotenburg was contemplated even during its construction, and in 1913 the Kingdom of Prussia, the province of Hanover and the district of Soltau set aside funding to enable the Soltau–Neuenkirchen Light Railway Company to be established. Construction began in 1914, but it could not be completed during the First World War. That said, there was a provisional service from the beginning of 1917, but it was not until 15 May 1920 that the line was officially opened.
Running powers on the line were granted to the Lüneburg–Soltau light railway, which provided locomotives and, later, staff. On 1 June 1923 responsibility for operations on both lines was transferred to the state light railway office in Hanover. By 1928 the few passenger services were withdrawn, because only around 5,300 passengers were recorded annually. In fact statistics showed that small numbers of passengers continued to use the line even after that date, because clearly it was possible to travel in the guard's van on goods trains. On 1 January 1944 the two Kleinbahns merged into the Lüneburg-Soltau Railway Company, which in turn became part of the East Hanover Railways on 6 June 1944.
After the Second World War regular passenger services started up again on 1 April 1947; five to six pairs of trains ran daily on work days and three to four pairs on Sundays. These services ceased on 28 May 1961 when the passenger station at Soltau Süd was closed. Whilst the OHE trains from Lüneburg and Celle were still able to run into the DB station, this would only have been possible for trains from Neuenkirchen if they reversed in and out again.
Goods traffic was always moderate; it was limited mainly to agricultural products and supplies for country traders. On 15 January 1986 all services were withdrawn; on 1 April 1996 the line was officially closed and it was lifted in 2006.
# China Agricultural Museum

The China Agricultural Museum, located at No.16, East Third Ring North Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, in the National Agricultural Exhibition Hall, is the only national agricultural museum in the People's Republic of China. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, and together with the National Agricultural Exhibition Hall, they form a single institution with two names.

## History

In July 1983, the State Council approved the National Agricultural Exhibition Hall to establish the China Agricultural Museum. On September 13, 1986, the China Agricultural Museum officially opened. In September 1987, the museum's periodical "Agriculture Past and Present" was launched. In April 1992, the China Agricultural Museum was awarded the title of "Patriotic Education Base of Two Histories and One Love" by the Beijing Municipal People's Government. In January 2010, the China Agricultural Museum was granted the title of "National Science Popularization Education Base". In 2012, the China Agricultural Museum was designated as a national first-class museum by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage.
# China Agritech, Inc. v. Resh

China Agritech, Inc. v. Resh, 584 U.S. ___ (2018), was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States, holding that upon denial of class certification, a putative class member may not, in lieu of promptly joining an existing suit or promptly filing an individual action, commence a class action anew beyond the time allowed by the applicable statute of limitations.

## Facts

China Agritech is incorporated in Delaware and operates primarily in Beijing, China. According to the company, it manufactures and sells various agricultural products to Chinese farmers. China Agritech shares were first listed on NASDAQ in 2005. Four years later, in 2009, China Agritech reported a threefold increase in net revenue. NASDAQ initiated delisting proceedings against China Agritech's stock in 2011 after the company's shareholders made allegations of fraudulent business practices.
The company's shareholders filed two successive class action lawsuits in 2011 and 2012, but were denied class certification in both cases. Michael Resh, a shareholder, brought a third class action in 2014.

## Procedural history

China Agritech moved to dismiss Resh's complaint because the two year limitations period set by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 had already passed. The district court granted China Agritech's motion to dismiss. According to the District Court, under the Supreme Court's prior case, American Pipe & Construction v. Utah, individual claims against the company were tolled during the two class actions filed in 2011 and 2012, but the American Pipe did not reach the issue of whether the tolling rule also applied to a new class action based on a "substantially identical" class. The Ninth Circuit reversed the district court, holding that a class action was not time-barred in cases where the plaintiff's were unnamed in the prior lawsuits, even if the complaint was made against many of the same defendants, and based upon the same events.

## Supreme Court

In an opinion written by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the Supreme Court reversed, holding that upon denial of class certification, a plaintiff cannot commence a class action anew beyond the time allowed by the applicable statute of limitations, and must promptly join an existing suit or file an individual action.
# Chinko River

The Chinko River (or Shinko River) is a river of the Central African Republic. It is a right tributary of the Mbomou River.

## Environment

The upper reaches of the Chinko river define the border between the Haute-Kotto and Haut-Mbomou prefectures. For most of its length it flows in a SSW direction through Mbomou prefecture to its convergence with the Mbomou River. The Mbomou plateau has an elevation of 500–700 metres (1,600–2,300 ft), slightly inclined to the south, on the Asande rise between the Lake Chad depression to the north and the Congo Basin to the south.
The Chinko Nature Reserve is a protected area in the Chinko River basin. It covers 17,600 square kilometres (6,800 sq mi). It is managed by the nonprofit conservation organization African Parks as part of a fifty-year public–private partnership with the Ministry of Water, Forest, Hunting and Fishing. African wild dogs have been documented in the south of the CAR in the Chinko/Mbari drainage basin in 2013.

## History

Around 1800 Kassanga, a Bandia leader, founded a kingdom in the Shinko valley, later called the Rafai kingdom. Kassanga was the great-grandfather of Sultan Rafai. The Belgian officer Charles Kéthule de Ryove (1865–1903) was assigned to the Upper Uele expedition in August 1891. In March 1892 he explored the region between the Mbomou and Shinko rivers. He met Sultan Rafai, who declared his allegiance to the Congo Free State. Kéthule de Ryove was resident at Rafai's court from 1892 to 1894. He wrote in an 1895 article Le sultanat de Rafaï (Le Congo illustré) that almost all the inhabitants could speak Arabic, including the sultan, chiefs and soldiers. In 1894 the Belgian Léon Hanolet ascended the Mbari River, another tributary of the Bomu, while Théodore Nilis ascended the Chinko River.
# Chinkara Breeding Centre Kairu, Bhiwani

Chinkara Breeding Centre, Kairu is a protected Chinkara breeding centre in Kairu village, Tosham tehsil, Bhiwani district, Haryana, India. The Ch. Surender Singh Memorial Herbal Park, Kairu is nearby.

## Description

The centre is a protected Chinkara breeding centre and tourist attraction located in 60 acres (24 ha) of undeveloped mixed forest. The centre started in 1985 with 10 animals, and as of April 2013 had 66 animals (22 males, 44 female and two young). Here the animals are fed twice a day (morning and evening).
Today it is an exceptional tourist attraction, because on 60 hectares they can see the diversity of flora and fauna.

## Transport

The village of Kairu can be reached via road using the state transport service or private bus services. The closest railway station is at Bhiwani.
# Chisum House

The Chisum House is a historic house at 1320 South Cumberland Street in Little Rock, Arkansas. It is a two-story frame structure, with a hip roof and an exterior sheathed in clapboards and decorative cut shingles. The roof is capped by a pair of finials, and there is a three-story square tower angled at one corner, topped by a bellcast roof and finial. The design is varied in the Queen Anne style, with multiple sizes and configurations of windows and porches, the latter featuring turned woodwork. Built in 1894, it is one of the city's relatively few Queen Anne Victorians. It was built for Jason Sowell, one of the city's leading families, in what was then Little Rock's most exclusive neighborhood.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
# Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4c1

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLCO4C1 gene, which is located on chromosome 5q21. The OATP4C1 protein is expressed in the basolateral membrane of the nephron of the human kidney, where it is involved in the uptake of organic anions for elimination in the urine. The drug digoxin is an important substrate of this transporter.

## Function

SLCO4C1 belongs to the organic anion transporter (OATP) family. OATPs are involved in the membrane transport of bile acids, conjugated steroids, thyroid hormone, eicosanoids, peptides, and numerous drugs in many tissues (Mikkaichi et al., 2004 [PubMed 14993604]).
# Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1

Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLCO4A1 gene.
# Song for Whoever

"Song for Whoever" is a song by English music group the Beautiful South, written by band members Paul Heaton and David Rotheray. The first and highest-charting single from their debut album, Welcome to the Beautiful South, it peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart in July 1989 and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in August 2024. Considered typical of the band's gently subversive, self-reflexive signature style, it is sung from the point of view of a cynical songwriter who romances women solely to get material for love songs.

## Music video

The music video for the song features a blancmange as the main character. Heaton said, "The blancmange is probably the best thing that's happened to the band so far. The idea is that there's this conveyor belt and all these pop stars come down it and get rejected by the record company people that then choose a blancmange. The blancmange goes on to be a big star but it all pretty much ends up in blancmange misery."

## Track listings

All lyrics are written by Paul Heaton; all music is composed by Paul Heaton and Dave Rotheray

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Somebody Else, Not Me

Somebody Else, Not Me is a 1980 album by American folk and blues singer Dave Van Ronk.
Somebody Else, Not Me continues Van Ronk's return to basic blues, folk and jazz accompanying himself on guitar. It was reissued (with a slight change of name) as Someone Else, Not Me on CD by Philo in 1999. It was originally to be released in late 1970s as the follow-up to Sunday Street. The cover of Bob Dylan's "Song to Woody" was the second original Dylan song Van Ronk recalled hearing, at the Gaslight Cafe.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
The Boston Globe called the album "a powerful, if unfocused, assortment of traditional blues and ragtime, plus a dose of whimsy and more current material."
For AllMusic, critic William Ruhlman wrote: "If the result was not quite the equal of Sunday Street, it was in the same league and continued Van Ronk's mature renaissance."

## Track listing

* "Michigan Water Blues" (Clarence Williams) – 3:05
* "Somebody Else, Not Me" (Van Ronk, Bert Williams) – 4:04
* "Old Hannah" (Traditional) – 5:41
* "The Entertainer" (Scott Joplin) – 4:57
* "Did You Hear John Hurt?" (Tom Paxton) – 3:12
* "Old Blue" (Traditional; arranged by Dave Van Ronk) – 3:50
* "Sportin' Life" (Brownie McGhee) – 3:42
* "Casey Jones" (Furry Lewis) – 4:46
* "Pastures of Plenty" (Woody Guthrie) – 4:27
* "Song to Woody" (Bob Dylan) – 3:57

## Personnel

* Dave Van Ronk – vocals, guitar

## Production notes

* Produced by Mitch Greenhill & Charles Eller
* Mastered by Matt Murman
* Liner notes by Dave Van Ronk
* Photography by David Gahr
* Design by Francisco Gonzalez
* Reissue liner notes by Elijah Wald
# Chivres-en-Laonnois

Chivres-en-Laonnois is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Chivu

Chivu may refer to:
* Chivu Stoica, Romanian Communist politician
* Cristian Chivu, Romanian footballer
* Stadionul Mircea Chivu, a multi-purpose stadium located in Reşiţa, Romania
# Chitham

Chitham is an English surname, a variant of Cheetham, probably derived from Cheetham in Lancashire, now part of Manchester.

## Notable people

* Sir Charles Carter Chitham (1886–1972), a British policeman who served mostly in India
* Claire Chitham (born 1978), a New Zealand actress
* Robert Chitham (1935/36–2017), a British architect and writer
# Sommerlad's bent-toed gecko

Sommerlad's bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus sommerladi) is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to Laos.

## Etymology

The specific name, sommerladi, is in honor of German herpetologist Ralf Sommerlad (1952–2015), who was a Crocodilia specialist.

## Geographic range

C. sommerladi is found in central Laos, in Khammouane Province.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of C. sommerladi are forest, dry caves, and rocky areas.

## Description

C. sommerladi may attain a snout-to-vent length (SVL) of 8 cm (3.1 in).

## Reproduction

C. sommerladi is oviparous.
# Chinese moon moth

Chinese moon moth may refer to:
* Actias dubernardi (Oberthür, 1897)
* Actias ningpoana C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862
* Actias sinensis (Walker, 1855)
# Chlorophthalmus basiniger

Chlorophthalmus basiniger is a fish species that is in the genus Chlorophthalmus which was discovered in Vietnam by Prokofiev & D. Pauly in 2020.
It is found in the seas of the Western Pacific, particularly Vietnam and possibly the Kyushu-Palau Ridge, Japan. It has been found off Vietnam along with other members of the genus, C. acutifrons, C. nigromarginatus and C. cf. pectoralis.
# Song of Love

Song of Love may refer to:
* Song of love or love song, a song about falling in love
* The Song of Love (1923 film)
* Song of Love (1929 film), a film starring Belle Baker and Ralph Graves
* The Song of Love (1930 film)
* Song of Love (1947 film), a film starring Katharine Hepburn and Paul Henreid
* A Song of Love (Un chant d'amour), a 1950 film by Jean Genet
* The Song of Love, a painting by Giorgio de Chirico
* "Song of Love" (song), a song by Paul McCartney
* "Song of Love", a song by Do As Infinity from True Song
# Chlorophytum acutum

Chlorophytum acutum is a plant native to South Africa and Lesotho. Its common name in Zulu is iphamba. It most commonly grows in and around grassveld. Its conservation status is Least Concern.
# Choeradoplana abaiba

Choeradoplana abaiba is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is known from specimens found in Serra do Tabuleiro State Park in Brazil.

## Description

Choeradoplana abaiba is a small flatworm that generally, when unmoving, does not reach past 4 cm in length and 4.5 mm in width. It has a slender, flattened body. The base color of its body is an ochre yellow. There are two separate populations of C. abaiba that observe slight differences in their markings. The Eastern population, within Paulo Lopes, has densely distributed brown pigment aside from irregular, round, clear areas and a slight midline. The Western population, within São Bonifácio, is covered with brown speckles on the dorsal side that form a reticulated ornament; the speckles are denser in the center of the body and looser on the margins. The ventral side is a sand-yellow color.
It is distinguished from other members of Choeradoplana by its mottled brown speckles, sperm ducts that penetrate the lower-front or side-front wall of the penis bulb, a prostatic vesicle within the penis bulb with a dorsally-oriented proximal half, and no permanent penis papilla.

## Etymology

The specific epithet of abaiba is derived from the Tupi language word abaíba, meaning "difficult, arduous". This is in reference to the reported difficulty of delimiting the species' taxonomy both morphologically and molecularly.
# Chitose Station

Chitose Station is the name of three train stations in Japan:
* Chitose Station (Aomori) (千年駅)
* Chitose Station (Chiba) (千歳駅)
* Chitose Station (Hokkaido) (千歳駅)
# Sophia Forero

Sophia Forero is a jewelry designer. She creates jewelry with colors and textures inspired by her study of international cultures, including Tuareg culture and Byzantine art.

## Biography

Educated at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for her undergraduate degree and then at the University of Chicago for her Master's, Sophia Forero lived in Eastern Europe working for the US Peace Corps as a teacher. She first became interested in designing jewelry while writing her masters thesis on indigenous cultures of Sub-Saharan Africa. While in the Peace Corps in Hungary, she visited bead factories and gathered materials from all over Europe, the former Soviet Union, and the Balkans.
In 2002, Sophia won Marshall Field's Distinction in Design award, coming in first place over hundreds of designers. In 2004, Fashion Group International selected Sophia Forero Jewels as its 2004 recipient of the Style Makers & Rule Breakers award. The award "honors Sophia Forero as a trendsetter in the Accessories category...(and) identifies Sophia Forero as an innovator, a creator, a visionary and a formidable talent in the fashion and design industries."
In 2013, Sophia completed the Goldman Sachs 10,000 Small Businesses program, an initiative to help businesses launch the next stage of growth. To date, SFD is set to introduce an augmented series to the mosaic collection with diamond and sapphire. Using the talents of sculptor Mauricio Forero to create new designs, the couple will unveil the Caviar collection in 2014.
Sophia lives and works in Illinois with her husband and four children.
# Chris Drake (disambiguation)

Chris or Christopher Drake may refer to:
* Chris Drake (1923–2006), American actor
* Christopher Drake, American film and television composer
* Chris Drake (tennis), former American professional tennis player
* Chris Drake (The Only Way Is Essex), reality television personality
# Somera viridifusca

Somera viridifusca, the prominent moth, is a moth of the family Notodontidae described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is found in Sri Lanka, Sundaland, the Philippines, Sulawesi, the north-eastern Himalayas, Sikkim in India, Hainan and Yunnan in China and in Taiwan.

## Description

Males have brown pedipalps, greenish head and thorax vertices and a fuscous abdomen, with a greenish extremity. The forewings are bright green with a brown patch below and beyond the end of the cell (absent in some specimens), with two subbasal waved dark lines, two antemedial and four postmedial streaks and a single submarginal streak has brownish blotches. The hindwings are fuscous.
# Somera virens

Somera virens is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Wolfgang Dierl in 1976. It is found in the north-eastern Himalayas, Sundaland and the Chinese provinces of Hainan and Yunnan.

## Subspecies

* Somera virens virens (north-eastern Himalayas, Sundaland)
* Somera virens watsoni Schintlmeister, 1997 (China: Hainan, Yunnan)
# Sophie von Scherer

Sophie Ritter von Scherer (5 February 1817, Vienna - 29 May 1876, Graz) was an Austrian writer.

## Life

Sophie von Scherer, née Sockl, was born in Vienna, the daughter of the master cabinet-maker and inventor, Johann Gottlieb Sockl and Sophie, née Shurer von Waldheim. Among her siblings was the painter and photographer Theodor Sockl. In her youth she was a painter, but later turned to writing. Sophie married Anton Ritter von Scherer in 1841 and was the mother of the well-known Graz and Vienna religious law professor Rudolf Ritter von Scherer (1845-1918).
In 1848, she published her 3 volumes educational work, a novelty in the form of an epistolary novel. On the one hand, there was practical parenting advice for women of the middle and upper classes, and on the other hand Sophie wrote about the specific obligations of women, defined primarily as wives and mothers. Even though she was against the Revolution of 1848, she supported social reforms, such as financial and social improvements in the status of the domestic servants, old-age insurance, kindergartens, measures of child care and child support for socially vulnerable families.
In the autumn of the year 1848, in the context of the recently granted freedom of the press, in an open letter dated 17 November 1848, she made an appeal "in the interest of the Catholic faith" at the first German bishops' conference in Würzburg. As a devout Catholic loyal to Rome, she opposed this emerging group of German Catholics and presented her ecclesiastical reform considerations, such as the worship simplification by omitting litanies and prayers not directly related to the Catholic faith, the introduction of the vernacular German in worship or the abolition of celibacy in order to overcome the gap between the priests and laity. While the church ignored it, the letter triggered a family dispute. Her brother, the Catholic Viennese painter Theodor Sockl, attacked her in a subsequent open letter, accusing her of Protestant convictions. In her turn, she invalidated her brother's arguments in a public reply (this would be her last publication).

## Significance

Sophie von Scherer is considered a remarkable woman, ahead of her times, who acknowledged and advocated the necessity of a legal framework for social security and state family support about 100 years before their introduction.

## Works

* Bildungs- und Erziehungs-Werk. Erfahrungen aus dem Frauenleben zum Selbststudium für Frauen, Mütter, Töchter (Education and educational work. Lessons from the life of a woman for the self-study of wives, mothers, daughters), Gratz, 1848
* Two open letters concerning reforms in the Catholic church:
       - Offenes Sendschreiben an den Congress der hochwürdigsten Erzbischofe und Bischöfe zu Würzburg… Gratz, 17 November 1848, published by J.A. Kienreich. It is kept at Steiermärkische Landesbibliothek, Booknumber: A4Z211, Katzoom-Zettel Nr. 183966.
       - Erwiederung auf den an mich gerichteten offenen Brief meines Bruders über mein offenes Sendschreiben an den Congreß…, Gratz 1848, published by J.A. Kienreich. The location of this letter is currently unknown.
# Sossais

Sossay (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.