OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# East Lancashire Lions

East Lancashire Lions is a rugby league club from Darwen in Lancashire. They currently play in the Rugby League Conference National Division. The Lions play their home games at the Anchor Ground, home of Darwen FC.

## History

    A side known as East Lancashire joined the North West Counties League division 5 for the 1981-2 season. East Lancashire finished bottom and resigned from the league. They failed to fulfil 16 of their fixtures and lost the other 14. They are not connected to the side known as East Lancashire Lions.
Bolton Le Moors were formed in 2003 as with the intention of trying to develop rugby league in Bolton. Their home ground in their early years was Bolton rugby union club. They joined the North West Division of the Rugby League Conference in 2003; they won the RLC Shield in this inaugural year beating Torfaen Tigers in the final at Wilderspool, Warrington. They joined the Central Premier Division in 2005.
Bolton Le Moors moved to Darwen to become East Lancashire Lions. They joined the North Premier Division. In 2006 they played through their first season, won the North Premier beating Cottingham Phoenix in the Grand final and managed to get into the Harry Jepson Trophy Grand Final but eventually lost to South London Storm 30-0 at Ivor Preece Field, Binley Woods near Coventry, the home of Broadstreet RUFC.
In 2007, East Lancashire Lions joined the National Division winning 4 out of 16 matches, coming eighth in the league. They finished a distant last in 2008 after winning just two of their 18 matches.
East Lancashire Lions took a season’s sabbatical from the National Division in 2010 to secure a new home base but never returned to the league.

## Club honours

* RLC Shield: 2003
* RLC North Premier: 2006
# Tina Stöckle

Tina Stöckle (born September 12, 1948 in Günzburg in Upper Swabia, † April 8, 1992 in Günzburg) was a German author and activist of humanistic antipsychiatry.

## Biography

Tina Stöckle was a secondary school teacher and completed a second degree in Diplom-Education at the TU Berlin. After she was repeatedly housed in psychiatry, she came in the fall of 1980 on the madding offensive in Berlin and made in 1983 a significant part in the development of (financed with state funds) meeting point of the lunatic as well as on his operation. From 1982 she was committed to the idea of Weglaufhauses. She has been instrumental in advancing patriarchal and academic antipsychiatry towards a more user-driven, humanistic and feminist position in antipsychiatry. In 1989 she was a founding member of the Association for the Protection against Psychiatric Violence e.V. In her honor, the Weglaufhaus in Berlin is nicknamed "Villa Stöckle".

## Death

Died on April 8, 1992. In her honor, the Weglaufhaus in Berlin bears the epithet «Villa Stöckle». Book release: «The insane offensive. Experiences of a Self-Help Organization of Psychiatric Survivors », Berlin Peter Lehmann Antipsychiatrieverlag 2005.

## Books

Stöckle, Tina (1948). Die Irren-Offensive : Erfahrungen einer Selbsthilfe-Organisation von Psychiatrieopfern / Tina Stöckle. Germany: Frankfurt : Extrabuch, [1983. 2005.] p. 290 p. ISBN 9783887042035.
# Ecleto, Texas

Ecleto is an unincorporated community in Karnes County, Texas, United States. It is located along FM 627, approximately six miles southeast of Gillett. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 22 in 2000.
# Tiogo Mossi

Tiogo Mossi is a town in the Koudougou Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 1,121.
# Tioman Island bent-toed gecko

The Tioman Island bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus tiomanensis) is a species of gecko that is endemic to Tioman Island in Malaysia.
# East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley

53°47′38″N 0°24′58″W﻿ / ﻿53.794°N 0.416°W﻿ / 53.794; -0.416
The East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley was a local government district and borough of Humberside, England, from 1974 to 1996.
It was formed on 1 April 1974, by the merger of the previous borough of Beverley, with Beverley Rural District and Haltemprice Urban District. Initially named Beverley, the name was formally changed by the council to East Yorkshire Borough of Beverley in 1981.
On 1 April 1996, Humberside was abolished along with the borough, and the area become part of a unitary East Riding of Yorkshire.
# Tip growth

Tip growth is an extreme form of polarised growth of living cells that results in an elongated cylindrical cell morphology with a rounded tip at which the growth activity takes place. Tip growth occurs in algae (e.g., Acetabularia acetabulum), fungi (hyphae) and plants (e.g. root hairs and pollen tubes).
Tip growth is a process that has many similarities in diverse walled cells such as pollen tubes, root hairs, and hyphae.

## Fungal tip growth and hyphal tropisms

Fungal hyphae extend continuously at their extreme tips, where enzymes are released into the environment and where new wall materials are synthesised. The rate of tip extension can be extremely rapid - up to 40 micrometres per minute. It is supported by the continuous movement of materials into the tip from older regions of the hyphae. So, in effect, a fungal hypha is a continuously moving mass of protoplasm in a continuously extending tube. This unique mode of growth - apical growth - is the hallmark of fungi, and it accounts for much of their environmental and economic significance.
# Echo Lake

Echo Lake may refer to:

## Canada

* Echo Lake (Saskatchewan), a lake in Saskatchewan
* Lost Echo Lake, a lake in Saskatchewan
* Echo Lake Provincial Park, in British Columbia
* Echo Valley Provincial Park, in Saskatchewan
* Echo Lake, Lake of Bays, Lake of Bays, Ontario

## United States

* Echo Lake, California, a town
** Echo Lake (California), a lake near the town
* Echo Lake (Colorado), a lake in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, located within Echo Lake Park
* Echo Lake (Maine), a lake in Fayette, Mount Vernon and Readfield Maine
* Echo Lake (Montana), a lake near Bigfork, Montana
* Echo Lake (Nevada), a lake in the Ruby Mountains
* Echo Lake (Franconia Notch), a lake in Franconia Notch State Park in New Hampshire
* Echo Lake (North Conway), a lake in the White Mountains of New Hampshire
** Echo Lake State Park, North Conway, New Hampshire
* Echo Lake (New York), a mountain lake in the Indian Head Wilderness of the Catskill Mountains of New York
* Echo Lake (Charleston, Vermont), a lake
* Echo Lake (Shoreline, Washington), a lake located near Seattle
* Echo Lake (CDP), Washington, a community
* Echo Park Lake, a lake located within Echo Park, Los Angeles, California

## Other uses

* Echo Lake (band), an English alternative rock band formed in London in 2010
* Echo Lake (software), multimedia software produced by Delrina
* Echo Lake Entertainment, a film and television production company; see Doug Mankoff
* A themed area at Disney's Hollywood Studios in Florida
# Causal adequacy principle

The causal adequacy principle (CAP), or causal reality principle, is a philosophical claim made by René Descartes that the cause of an object must contain at least as much reality as the object itself, whether formally or eminently.

## Overview

Descartes defends CAP by quoting Roman philosopher Lucretius: "Ex nihilo nihil fit", meaning "Nothing comes from nothing".—Lucretius$^{:146–482}$
In his meditations, Descartes uses the CAP to support his trademark argument for the existence of God.$^{:430}$ Descartes' assertions were disputed by Thomas Hobbes in his "Third Set of Objections" published in 1641.$^{:379}$
René Descartes was not the founder of this philosophical claim.$^{:54–56}$ It is used in the classical metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle, and features eminently in the works of Thomas Aquinas.

## Details

* A "cause" is that which brings something into effect.
* If an item has the quality X formally, it has it in the literal or strict sense.
* If an item has the quality X eminently, it has it in a higher or grander form.
To demonstrate this, a person can possess money formally by holding it on their person, or by storing it in a bank account. Similarly, a person can eminently possess money by owning assets that could readily be exchanged for it.$^{:155–156}$
Descartes offers two explanations of his own:$^{:28}$
* Heat cannot be produced in an object which was not previously hot, except by something of at least the same order of perfection as heat.
* A stone, for example, which previously did not exist, cannot begin to exist unless it is produced by something which contains, either formally or eminently everything to be found in the stone.
Descartes goes on to claim that the CAP not only applies to stones, but also the realm of ideas, and the features that are seen as part of the objective reality of an idea.$^{:33–35}$
# John King (Rector of Chelsea)

John King (1 May 1652, St Columb Major, Cornwall – 30 May 1732, Chelsea, London) was an English churchman, patron of the Church of Pertenhall in Bedfordshire.
The son of John King of Manaccan, Cornwall, he matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford, as a poor scholar on 7 July 1674. He graduated BA in 1678 and proceeded MA in 1681. He took the degree of Doctor in Divinity in 1698 at St Catharine's College, Cambridge, where his friend Sir William Dawes was master. He had the curacy of Bray in Berkshire, by his second wife he acquired the patronage of Pertenhall in Bedfordshire, and was instituted in that rectory in June 1690. In 1694 he exchanged to Chelsea. in 1731 he was collated to the prebend of Wighton in York Cathedral by Sir William Dawes, Archbishop.
King died at Church Lane, Chelsea, on 30 May 1732, and was buried in the chancel of Pertenhall church on 13 June; a large mural monument was erected to his memory. His wife died at Chelsea on 22 June 1727, aged sixty-one, and was also buried at Pertenhall. King was survived by three sons, among them the classical scholar and physician John King (1696–1728), and three daughters, one of whom, Eulalia, was married to John Martyn (1699–1768), the botanist and author of the Historia plantarum rariorum. The patronage of Pertenhall passed from the King to the Martyn family.
The family of Dr King bears the same arms with Robert King, the first Bishop of Oxford, of whom there is a curious full-length portrait in Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford: a lion rampant crowned and three croplets or, in a field sable with the motto "Atavis Regibus"
Some of his poems and other manuscripts are among the Sloane collection in the British Museum. Additionally a manuscript survives of King's occasional observations about the parish, recorded on and off between 1694 and 1732, which has been of valuable use to local historians. Kept at the rectory until the late 19th century, it is now held by Kensington & Chelsea local studies and archives together with a typewritten transcript.

## Works

* Sermon on the 30th of January, being the day on which that sacred martyr, King Charles I, was murdered.
* Sermon preached at the funeral of Sir Willoughby Chamberlain, Kt. who died at his house at Chelsea, December 6 and was interred at the parish church of St. James Garlick Hith, London, December 12, 1697
* Animadversions on a pamphlet, intituled : A letter of advice to the churches of the nonconformists in the English nation, 1701
* The case of John Atherton, Bishop of Waterford in Ireland, 1711
* Tolando-Pseudologo-Mastrix, or a Curry-comb for a lying Coxcomb. Being an answer to a late piece of Mr. Toland's, called Hypatia, 1721
# Thoracic wall

The thoracic wall or chest wall is the boundary of the thoracic cavity.

## Structure

The bony skeletal part of the thoracic wall is the rib cage, and the rest is made up of muscle, skin, and fasciae.
The chest wall has 10 layers, namely (from superficial to deep) skin (epidermis and dermis), superficial fascia, deep fascia and the invested extrinsic muscles (from the upper limbs), intrinsic muscles associated with the ribs (three layers of intercostal muscles), endothoracic fascia and parietal pleura. However, the extrinsic muscular layers vary according to the region of the chest wall. For example, the front and back sides may include attachments of large upper limb muscles like pectoralis major or latissimus dorsi, while the sides only have serratus anterior.The thoracic wall consists of a bony framework that is held together by twelve thoracic vertebrae posteriorly which give rise to ribs that encircle the lateral and anterior thoracic cavity. The first nine ribs curve around the lateral thoracic wall and connect to the manubrium and sternum.

## Function
### Diving reflex

When not breathing for long and dangerous periods of time in cold water, a person's body undergoes great temporary changes to try to prevent death. It achieves this through the activation of the mammalian diving reflex, which has three main properties. Other than bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction, there is a blood shift which occurs only during very deep dives that affects the thoracic cavity (a chamber of the body protected by the thoracic wall.) When this happens, organ and circulatory walls allow plasma/water to pass freely throughout the thoracic cavity, so its pressure stays constant and the organs are not crushed. In this stage, the lungs' alveoli fill up with blood plasma, which is reabsorbed when the organism leaves the pressurized environment. This stage of the diving reflex has been observed in humans (such as world champion freediver Martin Štěpánek) during extremely deep (over 90 metres or 300 ft) free dives.

## Clinical significance

In rare cases, intentional or accidental, trauma may lead to chest wall (thoracic wall) necrosis.
# Brest Arena

48°23′N 4°31′W﻿ / ﻿48.38°N 4.52°W﻿ / 48.38; -4.52
Brest Arena is a multi-purpose arena in Brest, France. Its tenant is Brest Bretagne Handball. Inaugurated on September 13, 2014, it is designed to host major sporting competitions, team training sessions and large-scale concerts. It was designed by Hérault Arnod Architectures.

## Events

* 2017 World Men's Handball Championship
* 2018 European Women's Handball Championship
# Thomas Lemke (serial killer)

Thomas Lemke (born 1969) is a German far-right serial killer, who was convicted of three murders.
He was a member of various far-right organizations, including the Wiking-Jugend and the Free German Workers' Party. Lemke was also a mercenary in the HOS militia during the Croatian War. In his apartment, the police also found so-called Anti-Antifa lists of enemies with names and addresses of political opponents.

## Crimes

Lemke, who had been convicted for arson, assault, volksverhetzung (incitement to hatred) and illegal possession of firearms, on 18 July 1995 drove together with his girlfriend Bianka W. and mutual friend Dagmar K. to Altena, where they kidnapped one of his girlfriend's acquaintances, gagged her, took her to a forest and began strangling her with a rope. As the victim gasped, Lemke hit her several times with a folding spade, burying the dead woman in a hole in the ground. The prosecution suspected that he forced his girlfriend to act in order to "have her in hand", because he feared she would report him, and began acting more violently towards her.
On 2 February 1996, Lemke went to Oberhausen and visited his friend Marcel M. Together they drove to Bergisch Gladbach to the apartment of Patricia W. Lemke had met her at the station in Hagen and because she had a sticker saying "Nazis out" on her clothes, he wanted to kill her. The woman opened the door, whereupon she was immediately handcuffed, undressed, raped by Lemke, throttled with a shoelace, hit with a plaster cast on the head and finally killed by 91 stab wounds.
On 15 March 1996, Lemke shot dead 26-year-old Martin Kemming at a staircase in Rhade. Kemming was a traitor in Lemke's eyes because he had announced that he was dropping out of the far-right scene and was going to testify against Lemke.

## Conviction

He was sentenced in March 1997 by the Essen court of assize for three murders and one rape to life imprisonment, with subsequent placement in psychiatry and preventative detention. By determining the particular gravity of the guilt, the court imposed the maximum penalty. Bianka W. was sentenced to six years for murder and Marcel M. was sentenced to five years in prison for aiding and abetting.
# Bradley High School

Bradley High School may refer to one of the following high schools in the United States:
* Bradley High School (Arkansas), based in Bradley, Arkansas
* Bradley Central High School, based in Cleveland, Tennessee
* Hilliard Bradley High School, based in Hilliard, Ohio
* Bradlee School, based in Andover, Massachusetts.
# Federal Government Girls' College, Abuloma

Federal Government Girls' College, Abuloma is a girls' secondary school in Abuloma, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, established in 1975.

## History

Federal Government Girls' College, Abuloma was set up in 1974 and opened in 1975, in Bokokiri, Port Harcourt with 34 students, 8 teachers and 14 non-teaching staff. The first principal was Mrs. Okobi.
As part of an expansion in 1976, the school moved to another site in Abuloma.
In 1987, the school was affected by unrest.
Between 2006 and 2010, the Senior Secondary School and the Junior Secondary School were run separately.
It is one of over 100 Federal Government owned unity schools managed by the Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria.

## Notable alumni

* Judith Amaechi, former First Lady of Rivers State
* Agbani Darego, model and beauty queen
* Muna, rapper
* Boma Ozobia, lawyer
# Statue of Roberto Clemente (Pittsburgh)

In 1994, the Pittsburgh Pirates unveiled a 12-foot statue of Baseball Hall of Fame outfielder Roberto Clemente, just before the 1994 Major League Baseball All-Star Game which was hosted by the Pirates in Three Rivers Stadium.

## Information

The statue was created by Susan Wagner and depicts Clemente dropping his bat and running out of the batter's box. It was funded completely by donations made by Pirates fans.
The base of the statue is made from black granite and stainless steel, with a baseball diamond set in the center and glass blocks which represent first, second and third base. Underneath each glass block is soil from Puerto Rico, Clemente's birthplace, and from Forbes Field and Three Rivers Stadium, former home ballparks for the Pittsburgh Pirates and where Clemente played his entire MLB career.
Around the diamond are fifteen inscriptions set in steel which run counter-clockwise from home plate to third base, listing Clemente's career highlights. According to the Pirates, a space was left intentionally blank for a 16th inscription which remains empty as "a reflection of the incomplete circle of Roberto Clemente's life."
The statue was moved to its current location in PNC Park in 2001, and stands outside the park's centerfield gate.
# Ralph Louis Wain

Ralph Louis Wain CBE FRS (29 May 1911 Hyde, Cheshire – 14 December 2000 Canterbury) was a British agricultural chemist.
He read Chemistry at the University of Sheffield on scholarship, and with first class honours degree, and a Master of Science and PhD. He was advised by G.M. Bennett.
He lectured in chemistry at the South Eastern Agricultural College at Wye, until 1939. During World War II, he conducted research at Long Ashton Research Station, at the University of Bristol. After the war, he was Head of the Chemistry Department and the Chair of Agricultural Chemistry at Wye College.
He was Honorary Director of the Unit on Plant Growth Substances and Selective Fungicides at Wye. He lectured at University of Kent at Canterbury where he was Honorary Professor in 1977.
He was married and had two children.

## Awards

* 1988 Mullard Medal, Royal Society
* 1977 Actonian Award of the Royal Institution of Great Britain
* 1960 Research Medal of the Royal Agricultural Society
* 1963 John Scott International Award

## Works

* "Chemotherapy for plant diseases", The New Scientist, January 7, 1960, Vol. 7, No. 164, ISSN 0262-4079
# Eugenio Gatignole House

The Eugenio Gatignole House, at 1114 S. Gonzales in Las Vegas, New Mexico, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
It has stuccoed adobe walls, a concrete coping at its base, a corrugated metal roof, and was built before 1902. The porch of the house is immediately adjacent to the Acequia Madre, an important irrigation ditch that also is National Register-listed, on the house's west side. It is approached from the street by a folk wooden gateway and a footbridge over the acequia. Steps then descend 5 feet (1.5 m) to the level of the house. This approach is an important part of the historic setting.
It is New Mexico Vernacular in style. It was deemed significant as "a fine example of the Hybrid phase of the New Mexico Vernacular which combined the Hispanic building tradition with Anglo-American introductions. The adobe construction and single file plan with the implied linear internal circulation pattern come from the basic tradition; the pitched roof, orientation toward the street and the window/door/window symmetry are the more recent innovations. This combination appears to represent two or more stages of construction: first, a flat roofed building of three rooms (each with its own door?); second, between 1913 and 1921, the addition of the porches, pitched roof and, probably, the casement windows; third, the addition of a fourth room at the far north end. The typical gable door opens to a food drying attic. French born blacksmith Eugenio Gatignole was an early and longtime resident."
It is located just southeast of the southern end of the Distrito de las Escuelas.
# 1130 Skuld

1130 Skuld, provisional designation 1929 RC, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was named after Skuld from Norse mythology.

## Discovery

Skuld was discovered on 2 September 1929, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The body was independently discovered by astronomers and fellow countrymen Arnold Schwassmann and Arno Wachmann at the Hamburger Bergedorf Observatory ten nights later.
It was first identified as A906 VC at Heidelberg in 1906, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 23 years prior to its official discovery observation.

## Orbit and classification

Skuld is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony S-type asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,215 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after Skuld, one of the three Norns in Norse mythology. The asteroids 167 Urda and 621 Werdandi are named after the other two Norns. Naming citation was first mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 110).

## Physical characteristics
### Rotation period

In January 2004, the first rotational lightcurves of Skuld were obtained by Henk de Groot and by a group of Polish and French astronomers. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 4.73 and 4.8079 hours with a brightness variation of 0.46 and 0.40 magnitude, respectively (U=2+/3-).
In 2009 and 2011, astronomers Robert Buchheim and Larry Robinson obtained two well-defined lightcurves from photometric observations. They gave a refined period of 4.810 and 4.807 hours with an amplitude of 0.50 and 0.26 magnitude, respectively (U=3/3).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Skuld measures between 9.63 and 11.009 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1995 and 0.302. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of this orbital family – and calculates a diameter of 9.99 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.17.