OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Restful Objects

Restful Objects is a standard covering RESTful interfaces to domain object models. The specification is published under a Creative Commons license.

## Representations and resources defined by the standard

The standard defines a small set of JSON representations covering the generic constructs in a domain object model including the following:
* A list of links to domain objects
* A single domain object
* A property, collection, belonging to a domain object
* An action that may be invoked on a domain object
* An action result (which will typically include a domain object or list)
* A domain service (essentially a stateless domain object)
* A small number of very specific representations such as Home, Version, and User.
Restful Objects also defines a standard set of resources for accessing or manipulating these representations. The specification defines which HTTP methods may be used with each resource, and their meaning. The table below shows a partial summary:
| HTTP method | Object | Property | Collection | Action | Action Invoke |
| GET | Object summary, member summary, property values | Property, details and value | Collection details and content | Action prompt | Invoke (if query only) |
| PUT | Update or clear multiple property values | Update or clear value | Add object (if set semantics) | — – 405 error | Invoke (if idempotent) |
| DELETE | Delete object | Clear value | Remove object | — – 405 error | — – 405 error |
| POST | — – 405 error | — – 405 error | Add object (if list semantics) | — – 405 error | Invoke (any) |
Taken together the resources and representations allow the complete functionality of a domain object model to be accessed over HTTP. The following diagram, taken from the specification, illustrates the relationship between the most commonly used resources and representations:

## History and status

The Restful Objects specification version 1.0.0 was released in June 2012.

## Framework implementations

There are three known implementations of the Restful Objects specification, all open source:
* Apache Causeway (for the Java platform)
* Naked Objects for .NET (for the .NET platform)
* Restful Objects for Ruby (for the Ruby platform)

## Relationship to other ideas

The Restful Objects specification states that it operates at a higher-level of abstraction than other restful standards such as the JAX-RS specifications for Java platform, or the WCF specification on .NET. There are some conceptual similarities to Odata - though Restful Objects places much more emphasis on exposing the behaviour of domain objects, not just their data.
There is an overlap with the naked objects pattern, in that both are concerned with creating generic interfaces to domain objects models. But while the latter creates some kind of user interface, Restful Objects creates an API - specifically a Restful API. The first two frameworks to implement the Restful Objects standard were both built on top of existing frameworks that implement the Naked Objects pattern.
# Joseph Cudjoe

Joseph Cudjoe may refer to:
* Joseph Cudjoe (footballer)
* Joseph Cudjoe (politician)
# Joseph Cullen (disambiguation)

Joseph Cullen was an Australian politician.
Joseph Cullen may also refer to:
* Joseph W. Cullen, director of the AMC Cancer Research Center, and deputy director of the National Cancer Institute
* Joseph Cullen (Australian politician), one of the Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1894–1895
* Joseph Cullen (footballer) for New Jersey Blaze
# Retention distance

Retention distance, or R$_D$, is a concept in thin layer chromatography, designed for quantitative measurement of equal-spreading of the spots on the chromatographic plate and one of the Chromatographic response functions. It is calculated from the following formula:
$R_{D}={\Bigg(n+1)^{(n+1)}\prod _{i=0}^{n}{(R_{F(i+1)}-R_{Fi}){\Bigg ]}^{\frac {1}{n}}}$
where n is the number of compounds separated, R$_{f(1...n)}$ are the Retention factor of the compounds sorted in non-descending order, R$_{f0}$ = 0 and R$_{f(n+1)}$ = 1.

## Theoretical considerations

The coefficient lies always in range <0,1> and 0 indicates worst case of separation (all R$_f$ values equal to 0 or 1), value 1 indicates ideal equal-spreading of the spots, for example (0.25,0.5,0.75) for three solutes, or (0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8) for four solutes.
This coefficient was proposed as an alternative to earlier approaches, such as delta-Rf, delta-Rf product or MRF (Multispot Response Function). Besides its stable range, the advantage is a stable distribution as a random variable, regardless of compounds investigated.
In contrast to the similar concept called Retention uniformity, R$_d$ is sensitive to R$_f$ values close to 0 or 1, or close to themselves. If two values are not separated, it is equal to 0. For example, the R$_f$ values (0,0.2,0.2,0.3) (two compounds not separated at 0.2 and one at the start ) result in R$_D$ equal to 0, but R$_U$ equal to 0.3609. When some distance from 0 and spots occurs, the value is larger, for example R$_f$ values (0.1,0.2,0.25,0.3) give R$_D$ = 0.4835, R$_U$ = 0.4066.
# Veejay

Veejay may refer to:
* VJ (media personality), a television announcer who introduces music videos
* Vee-Jay Records, an American record label
# Veedur

Veedur is a village panchayat in the Viluppuram district of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is the largest village by area and population in the district. National Highway No. 45, from Chennai to Dindigul via Tiruchirapalli, goes through the hamlet.
Veedur lies in the northeast part of Tamil Nadu, between Chennai and Villupuram. It is 142 km (101 mi) south of Chennai and 50 km (98 mi) north of Pondicherry. The surrounding area has many bodies of water, forests, farmland, and vegetation, as well as Veedur Dam, which is built at the confluence of two area rivers. The Mailam temple of Lord Murgaa is c. 10 km from Veedur.
Politically, Veedur is part of Arani (Lok Sabha constituency) constituency and the Mailam State Assembly constituency.
The village is secular, but a majority of residents are Hindus and Jains. The village is known for Shivan kovil and Adhinath Bhagavan Jain Temple, both at least 1200 yrs). The village also contains a church and facilities dedicated to demigods like Ayyanarappan. In addition, Veedur is known in the field of religious literature.
The town's main economy is agriculture. Their crops are Paddy, Sugarcane, Jasmine Flower and other grams.
# Josef Berger (scientist)

Josef Berger (born 24 July 1949 in Varnsdorf) is a Czech scientist. He is a full professor at the University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. His areas are biomodel development and information gaining.

## Career

Berger is a graduate of the Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science (MSc 1973, RNDr 1979, PhD 1984). He worked as a scientist and professor at the Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University Hospital in Hradec Králové, University of Pardubice, Masaryk University in Brno. He is a (co)author of 16 books, about 100 scientific papers (original articles and reviews), three hundred popular-science articles and the first Czech University ranking (2007). He prepared the strategy for the University Pardubice foundation (1989-1992), initiated the first Czech bachelor programme in clinical biology (University of Pardubice, 1992), the first Czech master programme in clinical biology (University of South Bohemia, 1998. He also was elected member of the main board of Czechoslovak Biological Society (1997-2000, 2000-2003, 2003–2006) and the Editor-in-Chief of the international Journal of Applied Biomedicine.

## Personal life

Berger is married with two sons.
# Varnoli Nani

Varnoli Nani (or Nani Varnoli or Vanta Varnoli) is a village and former Rajput non-salute princely state in Gujarat, western India.

## History

The petty princely state, belonging to the Pandu Mehwas division of Rewa Kantha, was ruled by Rajput Chieftains.
In 1901 it comprised only the single village, covering 1 square mile, with a population of 74, yielding 346 Rupees state revenue (1903-4, mostly from land), paying 19 Rupees tribute, to the Gaekwar Baroda State.
# Vasula speciosa

Vasula speciosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The shell is white, with revolving bands composed of brown squares The shell is yellowish white within.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean from Baja California to Peru.
# Faustino

Faustino may refer to:
* Faustino (name), including a list of people with the name
* Faustino (platform), a physical computing platform
* Faustino, an ape in the Kasakela chimpanzee community
* Bodegas Faustino vineyard in the Rioja region of Spain, and wines produced from this vineyard
# Veerenni

Veerenni (Estonian for "Gutter", literally "Water Groove") is a subdistrict (asum) in the district of Kesklinn (Midtown), Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It has a population of 3,769 (As of 1 January 2014).

## Gallery

* Harju County Court
* Eye Clinic of East Tallinn Central Hospital
* Swedbank headquarters on Liivalaia street.
* Former Luther's villa, now used as a wedding hall.
* Former plywood factory on Pärnu road.
* Tram depot
* Pärnu road viaduct
# René Léon Bourret

René Léon Bourret (28 January 1884, Nérac, (Lot-et-Garonne) – 28 July 1957) was a French herpetologist and geologist.
In 1900, he arrived in French Indochina as a member of the military. Beginning in 1907, he worked as a surveyor for the "cadastral survey". From 1919 to 1925, he performed geological surveys in Indochina, becoming a professor in 1925 at the École Supérieure des Sciences, Université Indochinoise in Hanoi. Two years later, he released his first zoological publication, a general review on vertebrates native to Indochina.
During the ensuing years, he published three major works on herpetofauna native to Indochina: monographs on snakes (1936), chelonians (1941), and amphibians (1942). During the Japanese occupation of Indochina, he remained in Hanoi, where he continued regular publications. In 1947, he returned to France and settled in Toulouse. Most of his specimens are preserved in museums in Toulouse and Paris.
These herpetological species/subspecies are named after him:
* Bourret's blind skink, Dibamus bourreti
* Bourret's box turtle, Cuora bourreti
* Bourret's cat snake, Boiga bourreti
* Bourret's emo skink, Emoia laobaoensis
* Bourret's ground skink, Scincella ochracea
* Bourret's odd-scaled snake, Achalinus ater
* Bourret's pit viper, Protobothrops jerdonii bourreti.

## Selected writings

* Études géologiques sur le nord-est du Tonkin, 1922 (dissertation) – Geological studies on northeast Tonkin
* Études géologiques dans la région de Pay-Lay (Moyen Laos), 1925 – Geological studies of the Pay-Lay region (Moyen Laos)
* Les serpents de l'Indochine, 1936 - Snakes of Indochina
* Notes herpetologiques sur l'Indochine francaise : no. 1 + 18-25, 1939-1941 – Herpetological notes on French Indochina.
* Les batraciens de l'Indochine, 1942 – Amphibians of Indochina
* Les mammiféres de l'Indochine : les gibbons, 1947 – Mammals of Indochina, gibbons
* Les lézards de l'Indochine (with Roger Bour) – Lizards of Indochina.
# Veja

Veja may refer to :

## Places

* Veja, a town in Lazio, central Italy; now Vejano comune
* Veja, a village in Stănița Commune, Neamț County, Romania
* Veja River, Romania
* Veja State, a former princely state in present Gujarat, western India

## Persons

* Benita Vēja (born 1948), Latvian chess player

## Other

* Veja Diena, a Latvian festival
* Veja (magazine), a Brazilian weekly newsmagazine
* Veja (brand), a brand of fair trade sneakers
# Vauthier

Vauthier is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexandre Vauthier (born 1971), French fashion designer
* Antoine-Charles Vauthier (1790–1879), French botanist
* Arsène Marie Paul Vauthier (1885–1979), major general in the French Army
* Eugène Vauthier (1843–1910), French opera singer
* Jean Vauthier (1910–1992), French playwright
* Louis Constant Vauthier (1887–1963), Swiss internationalist physician
* Louis-Léger Vauthier (1815–1901), French engineer and politician
* Marcel Vauthier (1910–1988), French politician
* Paul Moreau-Vauthier (1871–1936), French sculptor
# Vaussard

Vaussard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christiane Vaussard (1923–2011), French ballet dancer, teacher, and choreographer
* Jeanne Vaussard (1891–1977), French tennis player
* Maurice Vaussard (1888–1978), French writer and essayist
# Stars virus

The Stars virus is a computer virus which infects computers running Microsoft Windows. It was named and discovered by Iranian authorities in April 2011. Iran claimed it was used as a tool to commit espionage. Western researchers came to believe it is probably the same thing as the Duqu virus, part of the Stuxnet attack on Iran.

## History

The Stars virus was studied in a laboratory in Iran – that means major vendors of antivirus software did not have access to samples and therefore they could not assess any potential relation to Duqu or Stuxnet. Foreign computer experts say they have seen no evidence of the virus, and some even doubt its actual existence. Iran is claiming Stars to be harmful for computer systems. It is said to inflict minor damage in the initial stage and might be mistaken for executable files of governmental organizations.
This is the second attack claimed by Iran after the Stuxnet computer worm discovered in July 2010, which targeted industrial software and equipment.
Researchers came to believe that the Stars virus found by Iranian computer specialists was the Duqu virus. The Duqu virus keylogger was embedded in a JPEG file. Since most of the file was taken by the keylogger only a portion of the image remained. It turned out to be an image taken by the Hubble telescope showing a cluster of stars, the aftermath of two galaxies colliding. Symantec, Kaspersky and CrySyS researchers came to believe Duqu and Stars were the same virus.
# ESourcing Capability Model

The eSourcing Capability Models (eSCMs) are a framework developed by ITSqc at Carnegie Mellon University in order to improve the relationship between IT service providers and their customers.
These services can be very different: IT outsourcing, IT hosting, application development and maintenance outsourcing, networking services, business process outsourcing.
The eSCM framework is twofold: eSCM-CL for client organizations and eSCM-SP for service providers. These two models are consistent, symmetrical and complementary for each side of the client-provider relationship and this is the strength and the uniqueness of this framework.
# Thomas William Hogarth

Thomas William Hogarth (Kelso, 6 April 1901 – 26 January 1999) was a Scottish, later Australian, veterinarian, writer on dogs, dog judge, dog breeder, genetics enthusiast and veterinary surgeon. He was an author of several books published in the 1930s about the Bull Terrier and breeding of Bull Terriers.
Hogarth was born in Kelso on the borders of Scotland, on 6 April 1901. He attended Kelso High School and Giggleswick School. After the First World War he traveled to and worked in Canada. He bred Bull Terriers in the early 1920s in Scotland using the kennel name Galalaw.
Hogarth traveled extensively in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a dog judge, especially in 1929, when he judged in South Africa, India, Ceylon, Burma, and Australia.
While in Perth, Western Australia, he made comments related to the public debate about the Alsatian question.
He also judged dogs in Argentina in the early 1930s. He attended Ontario Veterinary College, University of Toronto (now University of Guelph) in the 1930s, and he graduated in 1937. While he was studying he published four books relating to Bull Terriers in the 1930s, as well as one book on recollections of his dog judging travels, and possibly the only book of verse about Bull Terriers.
Hogarth settled in and practiced as a Veterinary Surgeon at Swanbourne Veterinary Hospital (now known as Swanbourne Veterinary Centre), in Perth, Western Australia 1940s to the 1960s.
The main customers were dog and cat owners, but he did have the opportunity to deal with the occasional circus animal from visiting circuses. He was involved with early stages of the Guide Dogs for the Blind, Dogs Refuge Home, Western Australian Veterinary Surgeons Board and was patron of the Fremantle Ladies Pipe Band.
In the 1970s and 1980s he was one of a group of West Australian book collectors who were well known on the antiquarian book sale and auction circuit in Perth. He built up a private library of 10,000 volumes.
On retirement he lived in Darlington, Western Australia. He occasionally judged at dog shows in his 70s. With his wife, he bred Old English Game fowl and kept a range of dogs - but never a bull terrier. He died in Perth, Western Australia on Australia Day, 26 January 1999. His wife, son and three grandchildren survived him.

## 1929 Dog judging and travel

These are correlated to some of the text - Travels of a Dog Judge.
* 3 January Sangrur, Jind, India
* January Patiala, India
* 25–26 January Calcutta, India
* 30 January Rangoon, Burma
* 8–9 February Chutter Manzil, Lucknow, India
* 11–12 February Allahabad, India
* 18–19 February Bombay, India
* 25 February Patiala, India
* 4 March Dehra Dun, India
* 8 March Calcutta, India
* 15 March Colombo, Ceylon
* 27–28 March Perth, Western Australia
* April, South Australia
* 26–27 April Sydney, New South Wales
* 14–18 May Ipswich, Queensland
* 3 June Newcastle, New South Wales
* 7–8 June Melbourne, Victoria
* 2–3 August Ceylon
* 20–21 September Durban, South Africa
* October Buenos Aires, Argentina
# Düsseldorf-Friedrichstadt station

Düsseldorf-Friedrichstadt station is a through station in the district of Friedrichstadt in the city of Düsseldorf in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The station was opened on 29 May 1988 on the new line opened by the Prussian state railways on 1 October 1891 between the Hamm Railway Bridge and Gerresheim as part of the construction of Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof. It has two platform tracks and it is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station.
The station is served by Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn lines S 8 between Mönchengladbach and Wuppertal-Oberbarmen or Hagen, S 11 between Düsseldorf Airport and Bergisch Gladbach and S 28 between Mettmann Stadtwald or Wuppertal and Kaarster See, each every 20 minutes.
# S. P. Ayyaswamy Mudaliar

S. P. Ayyaswamy Mudaliar was a freedom fighter from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. His house Gandhi Peak in Royapettah, Chennai hosted many INC meetings. Even today it is preserved by his family members. Netaji Subashchandra Bose stayed in his house on two occasions. Ayyaswami Mudaliar was a civil engineer by profession. The Chief Justice of Manipur High Court R Sudhakar is his great-grandson.
# Boscawen (surname)

Boscawen is a surname of Cornish origin, derived from Boscawen-Un. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Boscawen (1862–1939), Cornish gardener, horticulturist and clergyman
* Charles Boscawen (1627–1689), English politician
* Edward Boscawen (1628–1685), English politician
* Edward Boscawen (1711–1761), British admiral, third son of Hugh Boscawen, 1st Viscount Falmouth
* Edward Boscawen, 1st Earl of Falmouth (1787–1841), British peer and politician
* Evelyn Boscawen, 6th Viscount Falmouth (1819–1889), horse breeder and classic race winner
* Evelyn Boscawen, 7th Viscount Falmouth (1847–1918), British army officer
* George Boscawen, 3rd Viscount Falmouth (1758–1808), British army officer and statesman
* George Boscawen, 2nd Earl of Falmouth (1811–1852), British peer and politician
* George Boscawen, 9th Viscount Falmouth (1919–2022), British peer
* Hugh Boscawen, 1st Viscount Falmouth (c. 1680–1734), British peer and politician
* Hugh Boscawen, 2nd Viscount Falmouth (1707–1782), British peer and politician
* Hugh Boscawen (1625–1701), British peer and politician
# Rudhauli

Rudhauli is one of four tehsils in Basti district, Uttar Pradesh, in the Rudhauli Vidhan Sabha constituency and Basti Lok Sabha constituency, containing 284 villages. Samajwadi Party candidate Rajendra Prasad Chaudhary is MLA since 2022.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 India census, Rudhauli Tehsil has 31,067 households, and a population of 206,030, of which 102,940 are men and 103,090 are women. Children between the age of 0 and 6 make up 17.49% (36,036) of the total population.
The sex ratio of Rudhauli Tehsil is around 1001 men to 912 women, average for Uttar Pradesh state. The literacy rate of Rudhauli Tehsil is 54.11%; 63.18% of males and 45.06% of females are literate. The total area of Rudhauli is 228.81 square kilometres (88.34 sq mi), with a population density of 900 people per km$^2$. The entire population lives in urban areas.

## Politics

Rudhauli is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Rudhauli in the Basti district of Uttar Pradesh, India. In 2022 UP Constituency election was elected from Rudhauli . According to the Association for Democratic Reforms; rajendra Prasad Chaudhary is the poorest MLA among all the MLA from Basti.
# Boreotrophon hazardi

Boreotrophon hazardi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Botrugno

Botrugno (Salentino: Vitrùgna) is a town and comune in the Italian province of Lecce in the Apulia region of south-east Italy.
The main sight is the marquisal palace, which was erected in 16th century and restored during the 17th century. It was Castriota Scanderbeg family in 1725 who built the baroque-style balcony.
# Botrucnidifer

Botrucnidifer is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Botrucnidiferidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe and Africa.
Species:
* Botrucnidifer norvegicus Carlgren, 1912
* Botrucnidifer shtokmani Molodtsova, 2001
# Rudolf Hoernes

Rudolf Hoernes (7 October 1850 – 20 August 1912) was an Austrian geologist, born in Vienna, son of Moritz Hoernes. He studied under Eduard Suess and became a Professor of geology in Graz. He was known for his earthquake studies in 1878 and proposed a classification of earthquakes into subsidence earthquakes, volcanic earthquakes and tectonic earthquakes. In 1893, he published a detailed textbook on earthquake theory (Erdbebenkunde) from a geological point of view.
# Botuporã

Botuporã is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil.
# Botanist (disambiguation)

A botanist is a scientist specialized in botany.
It may also mean:
* Botanist (liquor)
* Botanist (band)
# Russell Keable

Russell Keable is a British educator, composer and conductor. Keable studied conducting at the Royal College of Music with Norman Del Mar and later with George Hurst. Since 1983, he has been the principal conductor of London's Kensington Symphony Orchestra, and since 2006, the principal conductor of the University of Surrey's University Symphony Orchestra and Choir. Since 2006, Keable has taught conducting at the University of Surrey.
Keable is a champion of rarely heard 20th Century works. A supporter of music of Erich Korngold, he gave the British premiere of Die tote Stadt in a concert performance. His research in LA led to the first live performance of Korngold's film score The Sea Hawk. He is a noted advocate for British composers. With the Kensington Symphony Orchestra, he has led first performances of works by many British composers, including Peter Maxwell Davies, John Woolrich, Robin Holloway, David Matthews and John McCabe. He has also made recordings of several works by Robert Simpson. His 2004 performance of the premiere of Errollyn Wallen's Spirit Symphony won the Ivors Composer Award in the BBC Radio 3 Listeners' category in 2005.
Keable has written works for many British ensembles. His opera, Burning Waters, was commissioned by the Buxton Festival and premiered in 2000.