OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Second Hegde ministry

Ramakrishna Hegde ministry was the Council of Ministers in Karnataka, a state in South India headed by Ramakrishna Hegde of the Janata Party.
The ministry had multiple ministers including the Chief Minister. All ministers belonged to the Janata Party.
After Ramakrishna Hegde, during his previous term, resigned the chief minister post and dissolved the Legislative Assembly on 29 December 1984, the Janata Party won the elections again and he was elected leader. He took charge as Chief Minister of the State on 8 March 1985. He was in power till he resigned on 13 February 1986.
Later he was sworn in as Chief Minister on 16 February 1986.

## Chief Minister & Cabinet Ministers

| S.No | Portfolio | Minister | Constituency | Term of Office | Term of Office | Party |
| 1. | Chief Minister *Other departments not allocated to any Minister. | Ramakrishna Hegde | Basavanagudi | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 2. | Agriculture | B. Rachaiah | Santhemarahalli | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 3. | Home | M. Raghupathy | Malleshwaram | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 4. | Power Excise | J. H. Patel | Channagiri | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 5. | Public Works. | H. D. Deve Gowda | Holenarsipur | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 6. | Irrigation. | H. D. Deve Gowda | Holenarsipur | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 7. | Revenue | S. R. Bommai | Hubli Rural | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 8. | Law | A. Lakshmisagar | Chickpet | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 9. | . | Jagadevarao Deshmukh | Muddebihal | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 10. | . | K. B. Mallappa | Arkalgud | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 11. | Rural Development and Wakf | Abdul Nazir Sab | MLC | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 12. | Labour Education Planning | D. Manjunath | Hiriyur | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 13. | . | C. Veeranna | Koratagere | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |

## Minister of State

| S.No | Portfolio | Minister | Constituency | Term of Office | Term of Office | Party |
| 1 | Fisheries, Ports and Wakf. | R. Roshan Baig | Shivajinagar | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 2 | Animal Husbandary | Siddaramaiah | Chamundeshwari | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |
| 3 | Health | D. B. Inamdar | Kittur | 8 March 1985 | 13 February 1986 | JP |

## Leader of the House

Legislative Assembly - Ramakrishna Hegde (Chief minister) Legislative Council - Abdul Nazir Sab (Minister of Rural development and Wakf)
# List of watering troughs in Karachi

In the early 19th century, Karachi's watering troughs were recognized for their architectural significance. These structures were primarily constructed from Gizri stone, a material no longer commonly used. They reflected various European architectural styles prevalent in Karachi during its annexation period.
Initially, these troughs played a crucial role in the city's infrastructure. They provided water access to low-income workers and the general populace. However, with technological advancements such as electrical pumps and the shift to motorized vehicles, there was a reduced reliance on animal-drawn carts. Consequently, the water troughs' relevance diminished.
At least 30 watering troughs were built during British Raj. Some of these structures have been demolished. Below is a list of watering troughs located in Karachi:

## List

| Name | Coordinates | Location | Notes |
| Watering Trough I | | Shahrah-e-Iran, Karachi | |
| Watering Trough II | | Adams Road, Karachi | |
| Watering Trough III | | Harding Bridge, Karachi | |
| Watering Trough IV | 24°50′51″N 66°59′43″E﻿ / ﻿24.847622222°N 66.995166667°E﻿ / 24.847622222; 66.995166667 | M.A. Jinnah Road, Karachi | |
| Thakur Morarji Shiv Boda Watering Trough | | Near Pakistan Chowk | It was built by Thakur Valamji Morarji in memory of his father Thakur Morarji Shiv Boda. |
| Pahlajrai Revachand Panjabi Watering Trough | | Near Merewether Tower, Karachi | It was donated by Pahlajrai Revachand Panjabi. |
| Byram Edulji Watering Trough | | Near Guru Mandir, Karachi | It was built in 1893 by Byram Edulji. |
| Diwan Dayaram Chellaram Mirchandani Watering Trough | 24°51′27″N 67°00′38″E﻿ / ﻿24.857391667°N 67.010638889°E﻿ / 24.857391667; 67.010638889 | Mission Road, near the Civil Hospital, Karachi | It was built in 1927 by Shrimati Aplibai, in memory of her husband, Diwan Dayaram Chellaram Mirchandani. |
| Framroze E. Punthakey Watering Trough | | Soldier Bazaar, Karachi | It was built in 1924 and is named after Framroze E. Punthakey who was served as the Honorary Secretary General of SPCA between 1878 and 1921. |
| Bahadur Nusserwangi Metha Watering Trough | | Borapir, Karachi | It was built in 1934 by the staff of the Nusserwangi Company and is named after Bahadur Nusserwangi Metha. |
| Napier Mole Watering Trough | | Napier Mole Bridge, Karachi | It was built in 1900 by Byram Edulji. |
| Nanakwara Garden Watering Trough | | Nanakwara Garden, Karachi | It was gifted by the Dumb Animals Fund. |
# Vehanen

Vehanen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kosti Vehanen (1887–1957), Finnish pianist and composer
* Petri Vehanen (born 1977), Finnish ice hockey player
# Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome

Say-Field-Coldwell syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder which consists of triphalangeal thumbs, brachydactyly, camptodactyly, regular dislocation of the patella and short stature. Only one affected woman and her (also affected) three daughters have been described in medical literature.
# St. Davids, Prescott and Russell United Counties, Ontario

St. Davids is a small rural community in United Counties of Prescott and Russell, Ontario. St. Davids is located approximately 6 km from the border with Quebec and approximately 5 km south of Voyageur Provincial Park.
45°31′12″N 74°27′58″W﻿ / ﻿45.520°N 74.466°W﻿ / 45.520; -74.466
* This Ontario location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Little Churchill River/Dunlop's Fly In Lodge Aerodrome

Little Churchill River/Dunlop's Fly In Lodge Aerodrome (TC LID: CJN7) is located in Northern Manitoba, Canada. It is on Waskaiowaka Lake, the source of the Little Churchill River, at the point where the river leaves the lake.
# List of watermills in Denmark

This list of watermills in Denmark lists watermills in Denmark.

## Zealand

| Name | Address | Municipality | Stream | Notes |
| Blåbæk Mill | Blåbækvej 5, 4640 Faxe | Faxe | Blåbæk | Watermill from 1838. Listed in 1950. |
| Bregentved Mill | Moltkesvej 67, 4690 Haslev | Faxe | | |
| St. Clare's Watermill | Havnevej 17A, 4000 Roskilde | Roskilde | Maglekilde | Residential wing from 1831. The watermill has been demolished. The surviving building was listed in 1980. |
| Dellinge Watermill | Dellingevej 3, 4320 Lejre | Lejre | | Watermill from c. 1740. Listed in 1959. |
| Fiskebæk Mill | | Næstved | | Small farm mill from c. 1870 |
| Holløse Mill | | Næstved | Susåen | |
| Ellested Watermill Frilandsmuseet | Kongevejen 100, 2800 Kongens Lyngby | Lyngby-Taarbæk | | |
| Esrum Mill Farm | Klostergade 12A, 3230 Græsted | Gribskov | Esrum Å | |
| Figlevad Watermill | Møllevej 4, 2800 Kongens Lyngby | Lyngby-Taarbæk | Mølleåen | Watermill from 1879. |
| Hule Mill Farm | Kisserupvej 5, 4320 Lejre | Lejre | | Æosted in 1984. |
| Lyngby Søndre Mølle | Lyngby Hovedgade 28, 2800 Kongens Lyngby | Lyngby-Taarbæk | Mølleåen | Watermill from 1903 designed by Valdemar and Bernhard Ingemann. Listed in 2012. |
| Nive Mill | | Fredensborg | Isserød Å | |
| Raadvad Watermill | Taadvad, 2800 Kongens Lyngby | Lyngby-Taarbæk/Rudersdal | Mølleåen | |
| Strids Mølle | Åvej 2, 4470 Svebølle | Kalundborg | Halleby Å | |
| Tadre Watermill | Tadre Møllevej 23, 4330 Hvalsø | Lehre | Taderød Bæk | Watermill from c. 1840. Listed in 1959. |

## Bornholm

| Name | Image | Address | Municipality | Stream | Notes |
| Slusegården | | Strandvejen 10, 3720 Aakirkeby | Bornholm | | Watermill from c. 1800. Listed in 1960. |
| Vang Watermill | | Vandmøllevej 8, 3790 Hasle | Bornholm | Ringe Bæk | Watermill from c. 1800. Listed in 1959. |

## Funen

| Name | Address | Municipality | Stream | Notes |
| Slusegården | Arreskovvej 27, 5600 Faaborg | Faaborg-Midtfyn | | Arreskov from c. 1750. Listed in 1990. |
| Egeskov Watermill | Grønnebjergvej 1A, 5772 Kværndrup | Faaborg-Midtfyn | Hågerup Mølleå | Watermill from 1855. Listed in 1959. |
| Grubbe Mill | Grubbemøllegyden 2, 5600 Faaborg | Faaborg-Midtfyn | Horne Å | Watermill from c. 1750. Listed in 1998. |

## Jutland

| Name | Address | Municipality | Stream | Notes |
| Brundlund Slotsmølle | | Aabenraa | | |
| Bundsbæk Mill | | Aabenraa | | |
| Dorf Mill | Storskovvej 39, 9330 Dronninglund | Brønderslev | | Watermill from the 1Sag: Dorf Vandmølle og Dorf Møllegård 9th century. Listed in 1999. |
| Fyrkat Mill | Fyrkatvej 45, 9500 Hobro | Mariagerfjord | | Watermill from 1764 which was moved in 1961. Listed in 1954. |
| Godthåb Hammermølle | Zincksvej 1A, 9230 Svenstrup J | Aalborg | | Listed in 2005. |
| Klostermølle | | Skanderborg | | |
| Moesgård Forest Mill | Skovmøllevej 51, 53, 8270 Højbjerg | Aarhus | Giber Å | Watermill from 1785 which was heightened in 1852. Listed in 1984. |
| Tarskov Mill Farm | Tarskovvej 1, 8462 Harlev J | Aarhus | Århus Å | Watermill from c. 1800. Listed in 1964. |
# Stabilitätsrat

The Stabilitätsrat (Stability Council) is a joint body of the German Federation (Bund) and the federal states (Länder). It was established in 2010 as part of the second stage of Germany's federal reforms and is enshrined in Article 109a of the Basic Law (Grundgesetz), Germany's constitution. The Stability Council strengthens the institutional framework for safeguarding the long-term sustainability of public budgets on the federal and Länder levels.

## History

In 2010, the Stability Council replaced the Finanzplanungsrat (Financial Planning Council), founded in 1969.

## Legal Basis

The legal basis of the Stability Council is set out in Article 109a of the Basic Law. Its work is also governed by provisions in a number of other laws, including the Stability Council Act, the Consolidation Assistance Act, the Financial Equalisation Act and the Budgetary Principles Act.

## Organisation

The Stability Council is composed of the Federal Minister of Finance, the Länder finance ministers and the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy. The Federal Minister of Finance and the chair of the Länder Finance Minister Conference co-chair the Stability Council.

## Tasks

The Stability Council's main task is to monitor the budgets of the Federation and Länder. The council's purpose is the early identification of coming budgetary emergencies so that appropriate counter-measures can be initiated in a timely manner. The Stability Council plays an important role with regard to compliance with the EU requirements for budgetary discipline. The Council monitors the budgets of the Federation, Länder, local authorities and social insurance funds, to make sure that they, comply with the upper limit for the general government structural deficit of 0.5% of GDP, as stipulated in the Budgetary Principles Act.

## Advisory board

The Stability Council advisory board is an independent body of experts. It assists the Stability Council in carrying out its task of monitoring compliance with the upper limit on the general government structural deficit. It represents Germany in the EU Independent Fiscal Institutions Network set up by the EU in September 2015.
# John Gervais

John Gervais was a medieval Bishop of Winchester.

## Life

Gervais was a clerk of the diocese of Exeter and educated in physical sciences. He held the prebends of Fenton and Warthill in the diocese of York before becoming chancellor of the diocese of York. He made a trip to Rome on business about the election of Archbishop Sewal de Bovil to York and became a papal chaplain under Pope Alexander IV. In 1260 he was named Bishop of Carlisle by Archbishop Godfrey Ludham of York, but the election was not effective.
Gervais was nominated to the see of Winchester on 22 June 1262 by papal provision and probably consecrated on 10 September 1262. He was enthroned in Winchester Cathedral about Christmas, 1262.
Gervais died on 19 or 20 January 1268.

## Citations

* ↑ British History Online Chancellors of York accessed on 2 November 2007
* 1 2 British History Online Bishops of Winchester Archived 14 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine accessed on 2 November 2007
* ↑ Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 276
# Mordella palmai

Mordella palmai is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1946.
# World Without You

"World Without You" is a song by American musician and singer Belinda Carlisle, released in August 1988 by Virgin Records as the fifth single from her second album, Heaven on Earth (1987). The song was written by Diane Warren and produced by Rick Nowels. It peaked at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart and number 21 in Ireland. A music video using concert footage was produced to promote the single.

## Critical reception

Paul Mathur from Melody Maker said, "She polishes off this song like she's kissing a peach and while it never exactly lingers more than a couple of seconds, there's enough silky soppiness to turn me to temperance." Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "Shirelles meet Richard Marx in this definitively radio-friendly number." Stuart Maconie from NME commented, "'World Without You' is so seamless and clean it hurts. I love it. Like The World Trade Center, it is beyond criticism. It just exists."

## Track listings

* "World Without You" (extended worldwide mix)
* "World Without You" (7-inch remix)
* "Nobody Owns Me" (album version)

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak position |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 99 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 21 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 34 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United Kingdom | August 30, 1988 | 7-inch vinyl12-inch vinylCD | Virgin | |
| Japan | October 21, 1988 | Mini-CD | Virgin | |
# Alice Putnam

Alice H. Putnam (1841 – January 19, 1919) was an educator who opened the first private kindergarten in Chicago in 1874, and was described as "the pioneer of the Kindergarten" in that city.

## Life

Putnam "became interested in the kindergarten when her children were young". She therefore "found ways of combining her own mothering with working to help others to become better mothers". "Realizing that she needed kindergarten training, Putnam took her oldest daughter with her to Columbus, Ohio, where she studied in a training school run by Anna J. Ogden".
   She left her home to study the new method of education, and came back filled with the principles and philosophy of Froebel. How well she did her work, hundreds can testify who sat in her classes and took her training in the Chicago Froebel Kindergarten Training School. These pupils are scattered all over the world wherever the education of little children is going forward, and there you will find the spirit and teaching of Alice H. Putnam.
In 1879, Putnam was joined in Chicago by Elizabeth Harrison, who became Putnam's assistant for a year before continuing with her own studies elsewhere. In 1880 Putnam took over a Chicago training class that had been started by Anna J. Ogden, which then became the Chicago Froebel Association, directed by Putnam until 1910. Putnam was a member of the International Kindergarten Union from its organization, in 1883, until her death, serving on its most important committees, and twice as its president.
   Putnam was also directly involved in the founding and operation of the Chicago Free Kindergarten Association and the Chicago Kindergarten Club, both of which sponsored various programs throughout the city.
   After studying with Maria Kraus-Boelte and Susan Blow, she became a kindergarten trainer. Putnam worked with other Progressive reformers in the Chicago area, including Jane Addams, John Dewey, and Francis W. Parker. She taught kindergarten training classes at Hull House, the University of Chicago, and Cook County Normal School. In 1880, Putnam was instrumental in founding the Chicago Free Kindergarten Association and the Chicago Froebel Association where numerous American kindergarten teachers were trained. Known for her practical, non-dogmatic approach to the kindergarten and her child-centered methods, Putnam influenced many younger kindergarten teachers, including Anna Bryan, whom she trained, and Annie Howe, who brought kindergarten to Japan.

## Death

She was interred at Oak Woods Cemetery, Chicago, on January 21, 1919.
# Actia dimorpha

Actia dimorpha is a species of tachinid flies in the genus Actia of the family Tachinidae. The species was first described in 1991 in Sapelo Island, Georgia, United States.
# John Witherspoon College

John Witherspoon College was a non-denominational Christian liberal arts college in Rapid City, South Dakota. The college was founded in 2012 and named after the pastor, scholar and American Founding Father John Witherspoon. The college was created to serve both a local need for Christian higher education in the Black Hills and the broader interest for classic liberal-arts education in America.

## History

In 2004, the Black Hills Bible Institute was founded by members of South Canyon Baptist Church in Rapid City, South Dakota. Its chief instigator was Dr. C. Richard Wells, a member of the founding faculty of Beeson Divinity School, former President of Criswell College, and the Pastor of South Canyon Baptist Church from 2004 to 2009. The purpose of the institute was to offer affordable, academic theological training in the Black Hills to students, including those transferred from other conforming Christian colleges. In 2009, Dr. Wells accepted an offer to be the Dean of Chapel at Union University in Jackson, Tennessee and in 2011 returned to Rapid City to restructure the Black Hills Bible Institute into John Witherspoon College, where he was president until 2019.
On August 21, 2012, John Witherspoon College began its first classes. The Inaugural Convocation took place on the campus on September 6 with city mayor Sam Kooiker as the keynote speaker. US Senator John Thune was the keynote speaker of the annual ScholarShare Banquet the following spring.
For the tax year of 2012, the college had an income of about $255,000.
In April 2024, the college announced that it would close the next month; according to president John Swann, the closure was due to a lack of funding and support from the local community.

## Accreditation

In fall 2014, the college announced that it had applicant status with the Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools (TRACS), a Christian accrediting body recognized by the US Department of Education. The college achieved accredited status in April 2017.

## Campus

John Witherspoon College previously co-located with the BigHorn Canyon Community Church and later with the RealLife Church of the Nazarene. In August 2023, the campus was relocated to 640 East St. Patrick St., Rapid City SD 57701. This move expanded the college's ability to host events and administer its programs without sharing the location with another entity.

## Cultural events

John Witherspoon College has hosted various events, including bringing performers such as Michael Card and Ballet Magnificat! to perform in Rapid City. It has also hosted the Visio Dei conference for pastors and ministers and other events to support community involvement and improvement.
# Esther Nelson Karn

Esther Nelson Karn (August 1860 – April 13, 1936) was an American poet and business owner, based in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

## Early life

Esther (or Hester) Nelson was born in New Philadelphia, Ohio, and raised in DeKalb County, Indiana, the daughter of Hugh Nelson and Lucinda Davis Nelson. She trained to teach at Hicksville High School. She also attended courses at the Detroit School of Journalism and the De Silva School of Oratory in Fort Wayne.

## Career

Nelson taught briefly before she married. After she married, she worked as a bookkeeper, and wrote poetry. "The authoress is thoroughly conversant with the ways of nature and has the pleasing faculty of creating within the reader a mood essential to the fullest enjoyment of her theme," according to one reviewer in 1925. She gave public readings of her poems, sometimes with musical accompaniment, and was a member of the Order of Bookfellows, a Chicago-based writers' organization. She also wrote song lyrics. During World War I, she wrote topical lyrics about defeating the Kaiser.
In widowhood after 1904, and after her brother and business partner died in the Spanish flu pandemic in 1919, she continued to run the family's piano store and sheet music business in Fort Wayne, into the early 1930s.

## Publications

* Snow-Flakes (1900)
* Violets (1904)
* Wild Roses (1915)
* Lure of the Wilds (1925)

## Personal life

In 1882, Esther Nelson married Samuel A. Karn, who was a sales representative for a musical instrument manufacturer. They moved to Fort Wayne and opened a music store. The S. A. Karn Music Company was incorporated as a business in 1902, with Esther Karn as one of the directors. Her husband died in 1904. She died in a hospital in Allen County, Indiana in 1936, from cancer, at the age of 75.
# World Women's Snooker

World Women's Snooker, founded as the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association (WLBSA) in 1981, and known as World Ladies Billiards and Snooker (WLBS) from 2015 to 2018, is a subsidiary company of the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association concerned with governing and promoting snooker and billiards for women.

## Precursors

Women's Snooker and Billiards had been governed by the Women's Billiards Association (WBA), formed in 1931. However, the last professional billiards and snooker championships organised by the WBA were those held in 1950, and by the early 1970s the organisation had "fallen on hard times" according to leading snooker journalist and author Clive Everton.
A Women's Billiards & Snooker Association (WBSA) was formed in 1976, and in 1978 appointed Wally West, snooker club owner, and holder of the world record break of 151, as Secretary. The Association organised the 1976 Women's World Open snooker championship and further championships in 1980 and 1981.

## World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association (WLBSA), 1981–2015

Mandy Fisher, a leading woman player, founded the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association (WLBSA) in 1981. The WLBSA held its first open snooker competition in Leeds in March 1982, and within a couple of years, the WBSA lost control of snooker to the WLBSA.
In 1997, the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA) started providing support and prize money for WLBSA tournaments, but the WPBSA's support for the women's circuit stopped in 2002 following the loss of income due to the UK government's restrictions on tobacco sponsorship of sport.

## World Ladies Billiards and Snooker (WLBS), 2015–2018

The WLBSA was restructured as a subsidiary of the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association in 2015, and became a full member of the World Snooker Federation in 2017. It was known as World Ladies Billiards and Snooker from July 2015 to November 2018.

## World Women’s Snooker, 2018–present

In November 2018 the WLBSA was renamed as World Women's Snooker, and is responsible for women's snooker and billiards and the women's ranking list.