OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Daniel Isaac Vernon Eaton

Daniel Isaac Vernon Eaton (September 19, 1869 – April 11, 1917) was a Canadian surveyor, civil engineer, geologist and military officer. He served as Albert Peter Low's assistant, during a long expedition to explore Labrador, from 1894 to 1896.
He served as an officer during World War I, and died during the Battle of Vimy Ridge.

## Military career

Eaton joined the military reserves in 1887, when he was 18. He worked as a surveyor, geologist and explorer, until he joined the regular army in 1896. Eaton spent most of his military career as an artillery officer.
He served two hitches in the South Africa. Where he attracted the attention of senior officers. He served on a special mission under Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell.
In 1902 he was the "first colonial officer to attend the Staff College at Camberley, England."
He started World War I as a Battery Commander, and was promoted to command a Brigade.
# DAAR Communications

DAAR Communications plc is an independent privately owned broadcasting organization in Nigeria. It was established on 31 August 1998, by Raymond Dokpesi. On 23 April 2007, it was converted into a public liability company. It pioneered Africa Independent Television (AIT), Ray power 100.5 FM Abuja and Raypower 100.5 FM. The company is listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange.
The DAAR communication Plc was penalized with a fine of ₦500,000 in July 2018 with two weeks optimum. The fine was imposed by the National Broadcasting Commission as a result of alleged infringement on the provisions of the Nigeria Broadcasting Code. The Director-General of NBC, Mallam Is’haq Modibbo Kawu, claimed that the fine was imposed "following the persistent and flagrant infringement of the provisions of the Nigeria Broadcasting Code through the use of provocative, inflammatory and divisive comments by anchors on the Raypower programme, Political platform".

## Operations

The corporation is involved in creating, producing, and promoting entertainment-related news and information to a worldwide audience. It possesses and manages a collection of news outlets, radio stations, and television networks dedicated to entertainment. Its RayPower 100.5 FM content consists of current events, international music programming, athletics, news, business updates, weather forecasts, specials, cultural events, health pointers, magazine/developmental features, and musicals/entertainment. Its Africa Independent Television (AIT) offers television broadcasting with a programming theme that conveys the African experience to the worldwide community. The programming on AIT includes news, current events, public awareness, business, musicals, athletics, magazines/talk shows, cultural events, tourism, AIT International, and AIT Sports. It offers a range of corporate services. The corporation also has television production operations in Nigeria.
# Pula language

Pula may refer to:
* Phola language
* Tadyawan language
* Blang language
# Cymothoe cottrelli

Cymothoe cottrelli is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests.
The larvae feed on Rawsonia lucida and Dovyalis species.

## Subspecies

* Cymothoe cottrelli cottrelli (south-western Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia: western Nyika Plateau)
* Cymothoe cottrelli njombe Rydon, 1996 (Tanzania)
* Cymothoe cottrelli livingstonensis Darge, 2006 (Tanzania: Livingstone Mountains)
# SHK

SHK might refer to:
* Schempp-Hirth SHK aerobatic glider
* Speaker of the House of Keys of Isle of Man
* Sun Hung Kai (disambiguation), groups of property and finance companies in Hong Kong
* Swedish Accident Investigation Authority (Statens Haverikommission)
* Stichodactyla toxin, a toxin from a sea anemone
* The Pentecostal Church of Finland (Suomen Helluntaikirkko)
# Einhorn–Brunner reaction

The Einhorn–Brunner reaction is the designation for the chemical reaction of imides with alkyl hydrazines to form an isomeric mixture of 1,2,4-triazoles. It was initially described by the German chemist Alfred Einhorn in a paper, published in 1905, describing N-methylol compounds of amides. In 1914 chemist Karl Brunner published a paper expanding on Einhorn's research of the reaction pictured below, thus resulting in the naming as the Einhorn-Brunner. Substituted 1,2,4-triazole have been prepared from diverse imides and hydrazines.

## Regioselectivity

In the case that the R groups of the imide are different, the reaction has regioselectivity. In their research on the synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles, Potts determined that the strongest acidic group attached to the side of the imide will be favored for the 3 position on the triazole ring. In the diagram below, if one considers the blue R group to be more acidic in respect to the green, the favored product would be the isomer on the right.

## Mechanism

For clarity in depicting the electron flow of the mechanism, the image below only consists of one of the isomers generated in an Einhorn–Brunner reaction:
The first step of the mechanism involves the protonating of the substituted nitrogen of the hydrazine 1, generating the cation 2. Protonated hydrazine 2 protonates the oxygen of one of the carbonyl groups of the imide. This allows for an attack on the electrophilic carbon of the protonated carbonyl group by the primary amino group of the hydrazine, producing 3. The loss of water and subsequent generation of a double bond between the recently formed nitrogen-carbon sigma bond results in the formation of iminiumion 4. 4 undergoes a 1,5-proton shift from the nitrogen to the carbonyl oxygen, seen in 5. Intramolecular attack of the electrophilic carbonyl carbon by the nitrogen, resulting in a 5-membered ring closure of the positively charged 6. Elimination of a water group, and then a proton results in the intermediates of 7 and 8 respectively, and finally results in the formation of 9, one 1,2,4-triazole isomer.

## Applications

Triazoles have been found to have a number of real world applications as antibacterial agents. The Einhorn–Brunner reaction maintains scientific importance and relevance in the production of 1,2,4-triazoles, which can be further substituted for their medicinal value. Research done by Pattan et al., specifically on 1,2,4-triazoles, found antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, and anti-inflammatory activity of variously substituted compounds. Klimešová and colleagues also report antimycobacterial activity of 1,2,4-triazoles against tuberculosis, but also risk a low level of toxicity.

## Related reactions

* Pellizzari reaction
# Le Véloce-sport

Le Véloce-sport was a leading French cycling periodical that was founded in Bordeaux in 1885. It was the organiser and publicist of the first running of the Bordeaux–Paris cycle race in 1891.

## Bicycle touring

The Véloce-sport quickly published various guides for bicycle touring. One can read for example in 1889 a guide for a tour between Aude and Pyrénées-Orientales in southern France, from Quillan to Caudiès-de-Fenouillèdes. Even though the landscape is said to be quite picturesque, it is also very often specified that the bad state of the roads makes it compulsory, at the time, to frequently go by feet rather than on the bike.

## Bordeaux-Paris

In 1890 Le Véloce-sport and the Velo Club Bordelais announced that a cycle race from would start in Bordeaux on May 23, 1891, and finish in Paris after covering 572 kilometres. It was to be the first inter-city race to feature the safety bicycle. A crowd of 7,000 Parisians gathered at the finish at Port Maillot, near the Vélodrome Buffalo.
The organisers envisaged riders might take several days and laid on meals and beds for riders along the way, but George Pilkington Mills rode through the night and finished first in finished in 26 hours on a diet that included a lot of strawberries. British riders took the first four places.
# Rosa 'Albéric Barbier'

Rosa 'Albéric Barbier' is a popular Hybrid wichurana rose cultivar that was bred in 1900 by Barbier Frères & Compagnie. Its parents were R. wichurana and the yellow hybrid tea 'Shirley Hibberd' (Levet père, 1874), named after the Victorian gardening writer (1825–1890).
'Albéric Barbier' has apricot-yellow buds that open to medium-sized, cream coloured flowers with a light yellow center, and quickly fade to white with a hint of lemony yellow. They have an average diameter of 8 cm (3"), 9 to 16 petals, and a strong fruity fragrance. The flowers appear mostly solitary or in small clusters in an opulent single flush in June. The bloom form is globular and quartered, the filling can vary from semi-double to more densely filled, resembling tea roses.
It is a vigorous shrub, growing 4 to 8 metres (13 to 26 ft) high and 3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13.1 ft) wide, with long arching stems. The small leaves are dark green and very glossy, as is typical of wichuraiana hybrids, and create a nice contrast to the light flowers. The young shoots are red and have almost no prickles. If not trained when still flexible, they crawl along the ground in all directions. 'Albéric Barbier' is a robust plant, useful for covering fences or unsightly walls, even those facing north since it is shade tolerant. It can also grow in full sun but doesn't prosper in hot spots or harsher climates. In mild regions the cultivar is semi-evergreen since the leaves remain long on the plant. It is winter hardy down to −15 °C (USDA zone 7b). It is generally disease resistant but can be susceptible to mildew.
This rose gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit in 1993.
# Eagle Bicycle Manufacturing Company

Eagle Bicycle Manufacturing Company based in Torrington, Connecticut built bicycles from 1888-1900.
At one time, Eagle had a capacity to manufacture 20,000 to 30,000 bicycles annually. The company promoted some of their unique features such as aluminum rims and inner tube tires, which are easily detached and repaired. They were one of the earliest to use cold-swaging on the frame joints. Eagle built high wheels including a 48", 50" and 52" inch high wheel in the 1880s. They weighed 35 to 50 pounds and cost $40 to $150.
In 1890, Frank E. Weaver made one of the first ever USA transcontinental bicycle trips (Thomas Stevens has claims to the first in 1884) on a 48" Eagle bicycle. Mr. Weaver supplied periodic reports on the New Haven to San Francisco cross-country trip to Bicycling World, LAW Bulletin and New Haven Palladium.
# Daniel Marques

Daniel Marques may refer to:
* Daniel Marques (Brazilian footballer) (born 1983), Brazilian football centre-back
* Daniel Marques (Portuguese footballer) (born 1987), Portuguese football defender
# Pickup rider

A pickup rider is a person on horseback who works at a rodeo in the rough stock competitions of bareback riding, saddle bronc riding, and bull riding . Pickup riders play an important role in assisting rodeo riders and increasing the safety of competitors.
Usually working in teams of two, the most important job of a pickup rider is to help the competitor at the end of his/her ride by riding next to the bucking horse, allowing the competitor to safely get off of the bucking animal, usually by grabbing the pickup rider or the pickup rider providing stability while the competitor jumps or swings free. If a competitor becomes tangled or caught up in the equipment, a pickup rider may assist the competitor in getting free. If a competitor falls off, the pickup rider may help herd the animal away from the fallen rider.
The general pattern is for one pickup rider to take charge of helping the competitor while the other stays near the horse to remove the flank strap from the bucking animal and herd it out of the arena. If necessary, pickup riders can rope the animal and lead it out if the animal is reluctant to leave the arena.
In the case of bull riding, the competitors are primarily assisted by the bullfighters who helps protect the rider from the bull. Once the competitor has gotten off the bull, voluntarily or otherwise, the pickup riders may haze the bull from the arena, lassoing it if needed, working with the bullfighters to keep the animal from hurting people on the ground.
# Punta Scais

Punta Scais is a mountain of Lombardy, Italy. It is located in the Bergamo Alps.
# Cymothoe caprina

Cymothoe caprina is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Republic of the Congo and the south-central part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# SKX

SKX is a three-letter acronym that may stand for:
* Saransk Airport (IATA: SKX), an airport near Saransk, Russia
* Skyways (airline) (ICAO: SKX), a regional and domestic airline based in Linköping, Sweden
** Avia Express (ICAO: SKX), a charter airline based in Stockholm, Sweden formerly associated with Skyways
* Taos Regional Airport (FAA LID: SKX), a public use airport near Taos, New Mexico, United States
* The NYSE stock symbol for American shoe company Skechers
* SKX, a three-letter acronym for designating a variant of Intel Skylake CPU microarchitecture that uses a different cache architecture (increased L2 cache size and reduced L3 cache size per core), adds support for some AVX-512 instructions, and uses a 2D-mesh network topology for inter-core communication
# Torkild

Torkild may refer to:
* Torkild Brakstad (1945–2021), Norwegian football player and coach
* Torkild Garp (1883–1976), Danish gymnast
* Torkild Rieber (1882–1968), Norwegian immigrant to America and Chairman of Texaco
* Torkild Strandberg (born 1970), Swedish politician
# Rosa 'Abbaye de Cluny'

Rosa 'Abbaye de Cluny' (aka MEIbrinpay) is an apricot blend hybrid tea rose, bred by Alain Meilland before 1993. Meilland International introduced the rose in France in 1995. It is one of Meilland's Romantica rose series. Rosa 'Abbaye de Cluny' won the Belfast Gold Medal in 1995.

## Description

'Abbaye de Cluny' is a medium bushy, upright hybrid tea rose, 3 to 4 ft (0.91–1.22 m) in height, with a 2 to 3 ft (0.61–0.91 m) spread. The double flowers have a cabbage-like form and are an apricot-orange color with orange or copper toward the edges. The rose has a mild scent. It has medium, semi-glossy, dark green leaves that are resistant to blackspot. It is very disease resistant. Romantica roses are known for their long bloom cycles from spring to autumn. They are similar to old roses in their colors and traditional fragrances.

## History
### Meilland International

The Meilland Family is a multi-generational family of French rose breeders. The family's first rosarian was gardener, Joseph Rambaux, who first started breeding roses in 1850 in Lyon. He is best known for developing the Polyantha 'Perle d'Or'. His wife, Claudine and son-in-law, Francois Dubreuil, took over the nursery after Rambaux died in 1878. Dubreuil became a successful rose breeder and grower. In 1900, Dubreuil hired sixteen year old, Antoine Meilland, as a gardening assistant, where he met Dubreuil's daughter, Claudia. Antoine and Claudia married in 1909 and their son, Francis was born in 1912. The couple took over Dubareuil's nursery after his death in 1916.
After World War I, Antoine and Claudia bought property in Tassin-la-Demi-Lune, near Lyon and started a new nursery. Their son, Francis, married Marie-Louise (Louisette) Paolino, daughter of an Italian rose breeder in 1939. Francis expanded the family business over time into a large, international company, and became the most famous and prolific rose breeder in the family. His legendary 'Peace' rose, brought the family international attention and great commercial success when it was introduced after World War II. The Meilland family merged their business with Francisque Richardier in 1946, so that Francis Meilland could focus solely on breeding roses. After Francis's early death in 1958, Louisette continued to breed roses, introducing many awarding winning new varieties. The new company, Meilland-Richardier grew into Meilland International (AKA House of Meilland), and is located in Le Luc en Provence, France. Francis and Louisette's children, Alain and Michele, are both successful rose breeders and continue to manage the company.

### 'Abbaye de Cluny'

'Abbaye de Cluny' was bred in France by Alain Meilland before 1993. It was introduced in France by Meilland International in 1995. Meilland developed the cultivar by crossing hybrid teas, ('Louis de Funès' x 'Sun King') x'Just Joey'. 'Abbaye de Cluny' won the Belfast Gold Medal in 1995. The rose is named after the Benedictine Abbey at Cluny, Saône-et-Loire, France., France.
# Times Fly (EP)

Times Fly is an EP by the British techno producers Orbital. It was released through FFRR Records, on their Internal label, on 21 August 1995.
The EP features four tracks and the 12" version covers two pieces of vinyl with a track over each side. There are two versions of the title track, "Times Fly (Slow)", a downtempo track, and "Times Fly (Fast)", with a more drum and bass feel. The EP also includes "Sad But New", an alternate version of "Sad But True" from the Snivilisation album, featuring vocals by Alison Goldfrapp. "Sad But New" samples then-current Prime Minister John Major discussing New Age travellers. In its original broadcast on BBC Radio 1 via ISDN, "Sad But True" featured extensive samples from John Major edited together into a protest message.
An even faster version of "Times Fly" called "Equinox" was published on the 1995 compilation 3rd Side of the Record: Compilation One. A version of "The Tranquilizer" called "The Tranquiliser Busy Tranquilising" was later published on the 1997 compilation Foundations: Coming up from the Streets.

## Track listing

* A. "Times Fly (Slow)" (7:58)
* B. "Sad But New" (7:29)
* C. "Times Fly (Fast)" (7:53)
* D. "The Tranquilizer" (6:27)

## Artwork

The sleeve was designed by Grant Fulton (Fultano Absenti 95) and Pete Mauder (Mauder) with photography by John Ross. The design features cog wheels.
# Dan Sweeney

Dan Sweeney may refer to:
* Dan Sweeney (baseball)
* Dan Sweeney (footballer)
# Sybra canoides

Sybra canoides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1980.
# Pierre Castan

Pierre Castan (born 17 August 1899 in Bern, died 12 September 1985 in Geneva) was a Swiss chemist, who was one of the pioneers of epoxy resins with Paul Schlack.
Dr. Piere Castan was promoted to the University of Geneva and was initially a chemist in the dye industry and at the Swiss Federal Institute of Viticulture in Lausanne. From 1936 he developed synthetic resins for dental prosthesis at the De Trey AG brothers in Zurich. At the same time, he developed epoxy resins (From reaction between epichlorohydrin with diphenols), which he applied for in Switzerland in 1938 (granted 1940) (without knowing of Schlack's simultaneous development in Germany). They were suitable as varnish and adhesive. Castan developed them further with several further patents in the 1940s for different applications and in different variants. In 1943, Ciba took over the patents and produced a metal adhesive (Araldit 1946). In 1950 he went to the Stella AS varnish factory in Geneva, where he became technical director. After retirement, he was director of the FATIPEC Congress in 1970 and was an honorary member of the Swiss Society of Chemical Paints and Dyes. In 1982 he received the Jaubert Prize from the University of Geneva. He died in 1985 after a long illness.

## Literature

* Process for the manufacture of thermosetting synthetic resins by the polymerization of alkylene oxide derivatives (US 2444333 A)
* Winfried Pötsch u.a. Lexikon bedeutender Chemiker, Harri Deutsch 1989
* Sur la glucosane
* Sur le chlorure d'α‐glucosyle et sur un nouveau disaccharide (α‐glucosido‐glucose)
# Put It Down

Put It Down may refer to:
* "Put It Down" (Redman song), 2007
* "Put It Down" (T-Pain & Ray L song), 2007
* "Put It Down" (Bun B song), 2010
* "Put It Down" (Brandy song), 2012
* "Put It Down" (South Park), an episode from the twenty-first season of the series South Park
# SKYY vodka

SKYY vodka is an American vodka spirit produced by the Campari America division of Campari Group of Milan, Italy, formerly SKYY Spirits LLC. SKYY Vodka is 40% ABV or 80 proof, except in Australia and New Zealand where it is 37.5% ABV / 75 Proof and in South Africa where it is 43% ABV / 86 Proof. Its creator, Maurice Kanbar, claims the vodka is nearly congener-free due to its distillation process. That is why the popular company slogan is "Vodka so filtered - we even took the Russia out of it". The bottle is a cobalt blue with a clear, adhesive label. In 2008, SKYY expanded the SKYY Vodka line with seventeen new flavors, referred to as SKYY Infusions. These SKYY Infusions are made with fruit.

## Brand ownership history

SKYY vodka was originally sold by SKYY Spirits LLC, established in 1992 by Maurice Kanbar. In 2009 SKYY Spirits LLC was acquired by Campari Group, and in 2012 was renamed Campari America. It is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Gruppo Campari, and markets not only the vodka line, but other Campari products as well.

## Manufacturing

Production and bottling of the product was initially outsourced to Frank-Lin Distillers Products in San Jose, California. Bulk ethanol was delivered in railroad tank cars to Frank-Lin's railroad siding near the San Jose rail yards. The ethanol was mixed with filtered and deionized water, flavoring was added, and the product was bottled using a 42-head US Bottlers Machinery Company filling machine to ensure uniform product level.
The ethanol was purchased from MGP Ingredients of Atchison, Kansas, a bulk ethanol producer for beverage, industrial, and fuel applications. MGP uses wheat as a feedstock for the process. The distillation plant is in Pekin, Illinois and is currently powered by natural gas, but United States Environmental Protection Agency approval has been requested to convert the plant to burn coal.
After the acquisition of the brand by Gruppo Campari, production was moved to Campari facilities.

## Awards

The unflavored SKYY won silver medals at the San Francisco World Spirits Competition.
# Rosa 'Abraham Darby'

Abraham Darby (synonyms 'AUScot', Candy Rain, Country Darby tree) is a popular apricot Shrub rose cultivar which was introduced by David Austin in England in 1985. The English rose was bred by crossing the climber 'Aloha' with the floribunda 'Yellow Cushion' and is named after the industrialist Abraham Darby, the constructor of the first iron bridge, which is situated less than 15 km from David Austin's nurseries. The naming happened in collaboration with the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust.
'Abraham Darby' is an old-fashioned looking rose with many large, showy flowers with a classic quartered shape in an apricot-pink colour which varies with climate and age. It ranges from soft apricot pink on the inside, pale yellow on the outside in warmer areas to a rich peachy pink with lighter edges in cooler climates. Additionally the colour pales as the flower matures. The cupped flowers have an average diameter of 11 cm (4.3 in) and up to 70 petals. They usually have strong, fruity fragrance, grow in small clusters and appear abundantly throughout the season. As the rather heavy flowers tend to bow their heads, Abraham Darby is suited to be trained as a climber.
The cultivar is winter hardy down to −20 °C (USDA zone 6 – 10b) and generally disease resistant, but can be susceptible to rust. The vigorous plant grows very bushy growing approximately 150 to 300 cm (4.9 to 9.8 ft) high and 90 to 150 cm (3.0 to 4.9 ft) wide. It is almost thornless and has glossy, leathery foliage of a medium to dark green colour. Due to its long arching shoots, it can be grown as a freestanding shrub or trained as a climber, if given some support. The cultivar can be used in flower beds, rose borders, landscaping or as container rose in sunny or partially shaded locations, and is well suited as cut flower.
'Abraham Darby' is used as a parent rose and was used to hybridise the cultivars 'Crown Princess Margareta' (1991), 'Golden Celebration' (1992), 'Jude the Obscure' (1995), 'Pat Austin' (1995) and 'Marianne' (2001).