OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint-Colomban, Quebec

Saint-Colomban (French pronunciation: ) is a city in the regional county municipality of La Rivière-du-Nord in Québec, Canada. It is situated in the Laurentides region of Québec and was named in honour of Saint Columbanus.
The pioneer responsible for developing the village was the priest John Falvey, who constructed the parish and preached to the first parishioners.
Saint-Colomban was also the birthplace of Mr. Justice Emmett Hall, a justice of the Supreme Court of Canada widely considered to be one of the fathers of Medicare.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Saint-Colomban had a population of 17,740 living in 6,632 of its 6,807 total private dwellings, a change of 10.7% from its 2016 population of 16,019. With a land area of 92.71 km$^2$ (35.80 sq mi), it had a population density of 191.3/km$^2$ (495.6/sq mi) in 2021.

## Education

The Commission scolaire de la Rivière-du-Nord operates French-language public schools.
* École à l'Orée-des-Bois
* École de la Volière
* École des Hautbois
* École Mer-et-Monde
* The primary schools Bellefeuille and Prévost in Saint-Jérôme serve other sections
* École secondaire Émilien-Frenette and École polyvalente Saint-Jérôme, both in Saint-Jérôme
The Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board operates English-language public schools:
* Laurentian Elementary School in Lachute
* Laurentian Regional High School in Lachute

## Sources

* ↑ "Banque de noms de lieux du Québec: Reference number 403498". toponymie.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec.
* 1 2 "Répertoire des municipalités: Geographic code 75005". www.mamh.gouv.qc.ca (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales et de l'Habitation.
* 1 2 "Tableau des données, Profil du recensement, Recensement de la population de 2021". 9 February 2022.
* ↑ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Quebec". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.
* ↑ "Trouver une école ou un centre." Commission scolaire de la Rivière-du-Nord. Retrieved on September 24, 2017. For attendance boundary information, click "Par bassin d'école"
* ↑ "LAURENTIAN ELEMENTARY ZONE." Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board. Retrieved on September 16, 2017.
* ↑ "LAURENTIAN REGIONAL HS ZONE." Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board. Retrieved on September 4, 2017.
* (in French) Répertoire des municipalités du Québec
* (in French) Commission de toponymie du Québec
* (in French) Affaires municipales et régions - cartes régionales
# Fink (album)

Fink is the second album by the Swamp Zombies and was released in 1989 under the Doctor Dream Records label.

## Track listing

* Mr. Freako
* We Just Don't Belong
* Zipper
* We Got Five Bucks
* Big Black Shoes
* Victor
* Mr. Hate
* Land Of 1000 Beers
* Dig A Hole In The Love...
* Crawfish
* Cold Fables
* You Always Think
* Now It's Gone
* Denny's Incident
# Sporoschisma

Sporoschisma is a genus of fungi within the Chaetosphaeriaceae family.

## Species

* Sporoschisma ampullula
* Sporoschisma connari
* Sporoschisma juniperi
* Sporoschisma juvenile
* Sporoschisma montellicum
* Sporoschisma mori
* Sporoschisma nigroseptatum
* Sporoschisma parcicuneatum
* Sporoschisma phaeocentron
* Sporoschisma stilboideum
* Sporoschisma tracyi
* Sporoschisma uniseptatum
# Philip of Ibelin (died 1304)

Philip of Ibelin (died 1304) was constable of Cyprus.
He was son of Baldwin of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus, and Alix, daughter of Walter III of Bethsan and Theodora Comnena-Lathoumnena.
He married c. 1253 to Simone de Montbéliard, daughter of Odo of Montbéliard and had issue:
* Balian (died 1315), titular prince of Galilée; married to Alice of Poitiers, daughter of Hugh III of Cyprus
* Baldwin
* Guy
* Hugues
* Marguerite
* Helvis
* Alice, married to Gautier de Bethsan (died 1315)
* Echive, married firstly to Gautier de Dampierre-sur-Salon and secondly to Hugh of Ibelin lord of Crusoche.
* Marie, married to Guy of Ibelin, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon.
# SKS365

SKS365 Group is an authorized sports betting and gaming operator, one of the top five in Italian market. It was founded in 2009 in Innsbruck, Austria. SKS365 trades through a retail network of almost 1000 betting shops. Planetwin365, the SKS365 flagship brand, is a sportsbook in Italy. The SKS365 Group has offices in Italy, Malta, Austria and Serbia, and employs close to 500 people.

## Partners

Starting from July 2018, the entry of the advertising and sponsorship ban has deprived the gaming sector of the opportunity to make agreement and partnership with sports - and not - organizations. SKS365 has been an Institutional Partner of SSC Napoli for season 2018/19, and held visibility agreements on the fields of SS Lazio, Fiorentina, Genoa, Sampdoria, Cagliari, Parma, Chievo, Empoli, Udinese, Salernitana, Lecce and has been Title Sponsor of the Italian Futsal Division.

## Recognitions

* 2019 - EGR ITALY AWARDS - Best Marketing Campaign, with the claim "Il nostro gioco è di un altro pianeta" (our game is from another planet).
* 2018 - ITQF QUALITY SEAL - Most Qualified Customer Service.
# Bowling, Billiard and Boules Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran

The Bowling, Billiard and Boules Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran (BBBFIR) is the governing body in Iran of ten-pin bowling and most cue sports (including snooker and various forms of pool), up to the international level, and has some involvement in the organisation of competition in boules and related games. Founded in 2000, BBBFIR was originally known as the Iran Bowling and Billiards Federation (IBBF), later also as Iran Bowling and Cue Sports Federation (IranBCS), and Bowling, Billiard and Boules Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran (BBFIR). BBBFIR is headquartered in Tehran.

## Affiliations

BBBFIR is the national governing body for these sports under the National Olympic Committee of I.R. Iran, a member of the Olympic Council of Asia, a regional constituent of the International Olympic Committee. None of these games are currently Olympic sports, as of 2023.
For bowling, BBBFIR is the national affiliate of the Asian Bowling Federation (regional division of the International Bowling Federation, with its discipline-specific division, World Tenpin Bowling Association; its counterpart World Ninepin Bowling Association does not include BBBFIR as a federation member, probably because the sport is mostly confined to Europe).
In cue sports, BBBFIR is the national affiliate of the Asian Confederation of Billiard Sports (regional division of the World Pool-Billiard Association), International Billiards and Snooker Federation, and Asian Pocket Billiard Union BBBFIR, as member of WPA and IBSF, is also a national affiliate of the World Confederation of Billiards Sports. Carom billiards in Iran is not governed by BBBFIR but by the African and Middle East Carom Confederation of the Union Mondiale de Billard (part of WCBS).
Boules (and variants pétanque, jeu provençal, and bocce) appear not to be governed in Iran by BBBFIR in national or international competition; rather, BBBIFR as part of the Iran National Olympic Committee would be involved in efforts with other IOC members to make boules an Olympic sport. Within the ongoing competition structure of the overarching Confédération Mondiale des Sports de Boules, most of these games in Iran are governed by the Boules and Petanque Association of I.R. Iran a.k.a. Boules Sport Association of I.R. Iran, based in Hamedan; it is a national affiliate of the Fédération Internationale de Boules and of the Asian Boules Sport Confederation (part of Fédération Internationale de Pétanque et Jeu Provençal). Bocce in the country is governed by the Iran Bocce Committee of the Confederazione Boccistica Internazionale. As of 2023, what role if any BBBFRI plays in organising actual boules (and related) competition is unclear.
# Saint-Point

Saint-Point (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Spirochaeta thermophila

Spirochaeta thermophila is a fairly recently discovered free-living, anaerobic, spirochaete that seems to be the most thermophilic of the Spirochaetales order. The type species was discovered in 1992 in Kuril islands, Russia and described in Aksenova, et al. It has been isolated in the sediments and water columns of brackish aquatic habitats of various ponds, lakes, rivers, and oceans. This organism is identified as a new species based on its unique ability to degrade cellulose, xylan, and other α- and β-linked sugars and use them as the sole carbon source by encoding many glycoside hydrolases. It is presumed to secrete cellulases to break down plant-matter around it but there has been little work on the characterization of the enzymes responsible for this.

## Original description

The original description depicts single, helical, .2-.25 μm by 16-50 μm Gram-negative cells. The temperature range for survival of Spirochaeta thermophila is between 40° and 73° C with an optimum range between 66° and 68 °C. The pH range for survival was measured from 5.9 to 7.7 with an optimum of 7.5. The G + C content measured was approximately 52% in the 1992 description but has been measured around 70% since that time. The original description also noted that organisms of the same species isolated from different environments could have different optimum temperatures, optimum pH for growth, and optimum saline concentrations; these would change based on the environment in which the organism is living.

## Glucose fermentation pathway

The fermentation process is the same Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway of glycolysis with the exception of one step. The phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate mediates the production of pyrophosphate-dependent (PPi-dependent) phosphofrucktokinase instead of the usual ATP-dependent phosphofrucktokinase. This appears to be a characteristic of Spirochaeta thermophila not found in other Spirochaeta species. It is suggested that this different product could be a regulatory mechanism for catabolic processes; with low levels of the ATP-dependent molecule, AMP is produced. AMP drives the production of PPi production for the step that is changed in the glycolysis pathway.
The PPi-dependent phosphofrucktokinase sequences are only available from three organisms in the Spirochaetales order: Spirochaeta thermophila, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Treponema pallidum. Comparing the sequences, in a 2001 study by Rominus et al., it was determined that S. thermophila was most closely related to T. pallidum for this sequence and the sister to those groups was B. burgedorferi. This analysis showed the thermophily of S. thermophila and T. pallidum arose from a common ancestor between them and B. burgdorferi that was a mesophile. This was an interesting revelation because it was previously assumed that the thermophilic, free-living spirochaetes gave rise to all extant spirochaetes.
# Oscar T. Bassett

Oscar Thomas "O.T." Bassett (1850 – January 3, 1898) was a prominent El Paso, Texas businessman. Bassett, California is named for him.

## Early life and career

Oscar T. Bassett, son of Abner Snow and Betsey Bassett and grandson of Perez and Lydia (Snow) Bassett, was born in Rutland County, Vermont and orphaned early. In the 1860 census, he was living in McHenry County, Illinois. With little formal education, he drifted in and out of the army before settling in Clinton, Indiana, where he was a contractor and lumber dealer. Bassett married Myrtle Alma Nebeker in 1879. A street was later named for him in Clinton.

## El Paso, Texas

Bassett moved to Fort Worth, Texas in 1879, where he started a lumber business. He arrived in El Paso, Texas in 1880 to buy real estate for the Texas and Pacific Railway and to investigate some Arizona mines. Bassett returned to Indiana for the birth of his son (C. N. Bassett). His wife died soon thereafter, and Bassett returned to El Paso. On the way he stopped in St. Louis, Missouri to arrange financing for El Paso's first bank. He later became a stockholder and director of the First National Bank of El Paso, later known as the State National Bank. Bassett was also in the lumber business and was a large landholder. He had properties and banking interests in Oklahoma, Los Angeles and El Paso. He was president of the El Paso school board in 1882. Bassett also served as an El Paso city councilman.
He died in his office above a lumberyard on January 3, 1898.

## Charles Nebeker Bassett

Charles Nebeker Bassett (October 8, 1880 – June 10, 1944), son of pioneer O.T. Bassett was born in Indiana, and educated in the schools of Indiana, graduating from Wabash College with the class of 1900. In 1901, Charles Bassett came to El Paso after the death of his father, to operate the O.T. Bassett and Company lumber business. In 1929 Charles Bassett built the 15-story O.T. Bassett Tower as a memorial to his father. Charles Bassett died in Santa Monica, California and is buried in the Evergreen Cemetery in El Paso, Texas.

## Bassett, California

In 1895, O.T. Bassett acquired 814 acres (3.29 km$^2$) of the Rancho La Puente from the son of William Workman and the short-lived Bassett Township was established. In 1921, Josephine Workman won a lawsuit against Charles N. Bassett to recover an interest in the Rancho La Puente land. The decision was reversed in 1922.
# Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase

In enzymology, a phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5- phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP and H$_2$O, whereas its two products are [[1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5-]] and [[phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide]].
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-AMP 1,6-hydrolase. Other names in common use include PRAMP-cyclohydrolase, and phosphoribosyladenosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase. This enzyme participates in histidine metabolism.

## Structural studies

As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 1ZPS.
# Zofia Majewska

Zofia Majewska was a Polish neurologist and professor.

## Early life and education

Majewska was born on January 13, 1907 in Warsaw. At birth her name was Aniela Gelbard, a name she retained until 1946. Her father, Henryk, was a surgeon, and her mother, Helena nee Lichtenfeld, a dentist. She was a student of the Secondary School of Teacher's Trade Union in Warsaw, and in 1924 she began her studies at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Warsaw. Six years later she earned her Ph.D. in medicine.

## Career

She then studied neurology in Leningrad and in 1947 received her specialist degree in neurology. In 1932 she was employed by the department of neurology at the University of Warsaw that was headed by Professor Kazimierz Orzechowski, where she worked until she had to leave in 1939 to follow the rules of the German authorities. She worked in the Department of Neurology until the outbreak of World War II, when she was forced to leave due to her Jewish ancestry. Until 1943, she worked in the infectious disease ward in a hospital in Czyste, at the same time participating in secret teaching of medical students.
In 1946 she moved to Gdańsk where she worked at a neurology clinic. In 1950 she established a department of child neurology, the first department of its kind in Poland. In 1951, she replaced Professor Jakimowicz as the head of the Department and Clinic of Neurology at the Medical University of Gdańsk, and in 1954 she became an associate professor and in 1960 a full professor. Also, she first woman in the history of the Medical Academy in Gdańsk. In 1970, she became the head of the Developmental Neurology Clinic, which she ran until her retirement in 1977.
She died in Gdańsk on November 19th, 1997.

## Honors and awards

Majewska was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Medical Sciences in Gdansk.
# Rudra Pratap

Rudra Pratap is an Indian academician and the vice-chancellor of Plaksha University, Mohali. Previously, he was a professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. Among other research interests, he works in the field of Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and used to head India's first research lab in the field of Microelectromechanical systems, the CranesSci MEMS Lab at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. His book on MATLAB Getting Started with MATLAB 7 is popular among the students of engineering. He is also the Chair for the Centre of Nanoscience and Engineering (CeNSE).
Pratap is an Associate Editor of Shock and Vibration Journal which publishes articles on various aspects of shocks and vibration including vibration measurements, vibration condition monitoring, shock hardening, fluid-structure interaction, impact biodynamics, vehicle dynamics, and gun dynamics.

## Education and work

Pratap obtained his B.Tech from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in the year 1985. He then obtained his MS from University of Arizona, Tucson in the year 1987 followed by PhD from Cornell University, Ithaca in the year 1993. He joined Indian Institute of Science in the year 1996.

## Books authored

* Getting Started with MATLAB 7: A Quick Introduction for Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press, 2005.
* Introduction to Statics and Dynamics, with Andy Ruina, Oxford University Press, 2002.
# Octavie Guichard

Octavie Guichard, who became Octavie Belot by marriage, then Octavie du Rey de Meynières, was born in Paris in 1719 and died in Chaillot in 1805. She was a French writer and translator.

## Biography

As the impoverished young widow of a lawyer at the Paris parliament, Octavie Belot learned English to carry out translations following the death of her husband. She obtained the protection of the playwright Charles Palissot de Montenoy and the farmer general Alexandre Le Riche de La Pouplinière. She translated Samuel Johnson, David Hume and Sarah Fielding while writing short novels herself. She frequented the rich library of the president of the parliament, Jean-Baptiste-François du Rey de Meynières, whom she married in 1765. She was widowed a second time and later died in the former commune of Chaillot, near Paris, at the age of 86.

## Publications and manuscripts

* Réflexions d’une provinciale sur le discours de Jean-Jacques Rousseau touchant l’origine de l’inégalité de condition parmi les hommes (1756)
* Observations sur la noblesse et le Tiers-État (1758)
* Mélanges de littérature anglaise (1759) volume 1 volume 2
* Samuel Johnson, Histoire de Rasselas, prince d'Abyssinie (1760)
* David Hume, Histoire d'Angleterre, depuis l'invasion de Jules César jusqu'à l'avènement de Henry VII (1763–1765)
* Sarah Fielding, Ophélie, roman traduit de l'anglais (1763)
* Letters to François-Antoine Devaux (1762–1781)
# Saint-Plaisir

Saint-Plaisir (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.
# Fiji Military Forces Band

The Republic of Fiji Military Forces Band also commonly known as the RFMF Band is a 50 member brass band from the Republic of Fiji Military Forces.
The RFMF Band has been widely known as musical ambassadors for Fiji. The band was established during World War I as the Suva Town Band. It was disbanded following the outbreak of World War II. It was reformed in 1941 as the 1st Battalion Fiji Infantry Regiment band, of which members were in active service in the Solomon Islands.
Between 1968 and 2017, the band was engaged in many performances around the world including the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo. In September 1965, it took part in the Royal Marines Tattoo at Madison Square Garden, five years before it gained independence from the United Kingdom. In 2016, the band was invited to perform during the Queens 90th birthday celebrations at Windsor Castle. On its 100th anniversary in 2017, a gallery was set up to where people can look at the history of the RFMF band. A ceremonial military tattoo was also held in the presence of President of Fiji Jioji Konrote.
# Dongbo 22-class barge

The Dongbo 22 class barge is a class of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The name of this class is after the first unit commissioned, with the exact type still remains unknown, and a total of three of this class have been confirmed in active service as of mid-2010s.
Dongbo 22 class series barges in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Bo (驳), short for Bo-Chuan (驳船), meaning barge in Chinese, because these ships are classified as barges. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention.
| Class | Pennant # | Status | Fleet |
| Dongbo 22 class | Dong-Bo 22 | Active | East Sea Fleet |
| Dongbo 22 class | Dong-Bo 23 | Active | East Sea Fleet |
| Dongbo 22 class | Dong-Bo 24 | Active | East Sea Fleet |
# Charles Gunther

Charles Gunther may refer to:
* Charles F. Gunther (1837–1920), German-American candymaker and collector of historical artifacts
* Charles Godfrey Gunther (1822–1885), mayor of New York, 1864–1866
* Charles Günther, Count of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1576–1630), German nobleman
# SS Karatta

The SS Karatta was a steam-powered vessel that operated in South Australian waters. It mainly operated for 54 years between 1907 and 1961. Its last voyage was on 3 November 1961, and it was sold five days later to be broken up. It spent its career carrying goods and passengers between Adelaide, Kingscote (on Kangaroo Island) and Port Lincoln. It was replaced by the MV Troubridge in 1961.
# USS Butte

USS Butte may refer to:
* USS Butte (APA-68), was a Gilliam-class attack transport commissioned in 1944, and used in the "Operation Crossroads" atomic bomb tests after World War II, and was finally scuttled in 1948.
* USS Butte (AE-27), was a Kilauea-class ammunition ship and commissioned in 1968. She was transferred from the Navy to the Military Sealift Command in 1996, and after her retirement from service, she was sunk as a target in 2006.
# Octavianus (poet)

Octavianus or Octavian was a Latin poet of the 6th century AD, to whom several poems are attributed in the Latin Anthology. Emil Baehrens (Poetae Latini Minores) conjectured that Octavianus had been the first editor of the Anthology, based on the fact that his name and other life details, such as his Carthaginian blood and tender age of sixteen, are mentioned therein. The most famous poem is an ecphrasis of an imaginary portrait of the poet's beloved.