OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Delay-gradient congestion control

In computer networking, delay-gradient congestion control refers to a class of congestion control algorithms, which react to the differences in round-trip delay time (RTT), as opposed to classical congestion control methods, which react to packet loss or an RTT threshold being exceeded. Such algorithms include CAIA Delay-Gradient (CDG) and TIMELY.
# Delicious Surprise (song)

"Delicious Surprise" is a song co-written and recorded by American singer Beth Hart for her second studio album Screamin' for My Supper (1999). It was released on August 22, 2000 as the second single from the album by Atlantic Records. The song was written by Hart and Glen Burtnik and produced by the two and Tal Herzberg. The song was also her final single for Atlantic Records before leaving the label in 2001. It was later covered in 2005 by Jo Dee Messina for her album Delicious Surprise.

## Jo Dee Messina version

"Delicious Surprise" was later recorded by American country music artist Jo Dee Messina. It was released as the second single from her fifth studio album of the same name, re-titled as "Delicious Surprise (I Believe It)" by Curb Records on June 20, 2005. Messina's version was produced by Byron Gallimore and Tim McGraw.
Compared to the lead single "My Give a Damn's Busted", the song did underperform, only peaking at number 23 on the Hot Country Songs chart, but it did spend 20 weeks in total.

## Chart performance

Messina's version debuted on June 25, 2005 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs at number 57. The song then rose up to number 47 the following week. "Delicious Surprise" then rose to the top forty on July 16 at number 40. The song would later rise to its peak position of number 23 the week of September 24, 2005, spending one week in the position and spending twenty weeks overall. "Delicious Surprise" marked Messina's first single to miss the country top-20 since "Was That My Life" from her 2003 Greatest Hits compilation only reached number 21. It performed better on the Radio & Records Country Top 50, rising as high as number 18.
In Canada, the song performed moderately. "Delicious Surprise" debuted on the Radio & Records Canada Country Top 30 the week of August 5, 2005, at number 27 with 235 total plays, the highest debut of the week. The song then fell to number 29 the next week before rising again to number 28. "Delicious Surprise" rose to a peak of number 24 the week of September 23, 2005. The song overall spent 10 weeks in the country.

## Music video

A music video for "Delicious Surprise" was released, with it being filmed by Peter Zavadil. It premiered to CMT on August 4, 2005.

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Canada Country (Radio & Records) | 24 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 23 |
| US Country Top 50 (Radio & Records) | 18 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2005) | Position |
| US Country Top 50 (Radio & Records) | 85 |

## Release history

Release dates and format(s) for "Delicious Surprise (I Believe It)" :
| Region | Date | Format | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United States | June 20, 2005 | Country radio | Curb Records | |
# Demajagua, Fajardo, Puerto Rico

Demajagua is a barrio in the municipality of Fajardo, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,430.

## History

Demajagua was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the combined population of Demajagua and Cabezas barrios was 1,168.
# Demain à Nanguila

Demain à Nanguila (or Nanguila Tomorrow) is a 1969 Malian film.

## Synopsis

Nanguila Tomorrow follows the steps of a young Malian man while illustrating the detrimental effects of rural exodus. The film also questions the government's decisions immediately after obtaining independence in its attempt to put a stop to the wave of people immigrating to the cities and to develop the country based on agriculture. A portrait of Mali in the 1960s by means of the nightlife in Bamako, the capital's monuments, and women bent under the weight of too many tasks, Nanguila Tomorrow is regarded as the first Malian film.
# Demaine, Saskatchewan

Demaine is a hamlet in the southwest Coteau Hills region of Saskatchewan, Canada.

## History

Demaine was named after Frank Demaine who settled in the region in the early 1900s with several other families.

## Geography

Demaine is in the Rural Municipality of Victory No. 226.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Demaine had a population of 20 living in 13 of its 17 total private dwellings, a change of -20% from its 2016 population of 25. With a land area of 0.29 km$^2$ (0.11 sq mi), it had a population density of 69.0/km$^2$ (178.6/sq mi) in 2021.
# Paul Geerts

Paul Geerts (complete name Paulus Josephus Coleta Geerts) (born 16 May 1937) is a Flemish comics artist who succeeded Willy Vandersteen as the main artist of the Spike and Suzy series.

## Biography

Born in Turnhout, his parents moved to Antwerp a few years after his birth, looking for employment. He was taught drawing by his father and as a child entered the youth organisation Chiro Flanders. He later joined the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. After three and a half years of drawing lessons, he made the transition to the painting class. However, his father could not afford the painting materials. Geerts decided to quit the academy and to apply for a job with the experience he had.
At the age of sixteen Geerts went into military service, after which he found various jobs. He drew the comic strips De Chirowietjes and De melkweglopers, which appeared in a number of Chiro magazines in the mid-1960s.
Halfway through 1967 he decided without an appointment, with a self-drawn comic strip, to visit Willy Vandersteen in order to possibly get his dream job here. Vandersteen agreed and hired him, and Geerts started working in Studio Vandersteen in early 1968, a drawing team of 26 people at the time.

### Spike and Suzy

In 1971, after working in the drawing team for three years, Paul Geerts decided he would write his own comic strip for the German weekly Stern. Vandersteen, who had heard of his future plans, asked him if he would like to take over Spike and Suzy from him later on. Geerts agreed, and in 1972 he wrote his first screenplay for a Spike and Suzy story, De gekke gokker. He was the main artist of Spike and Suzy from 1971 until 2002.
# Delany

Delany may refer to:
* Delany (surname)
* Delany (Upper Lusatia), an area in Germany
* Delany College, in Granville, New South Wales, Australia
# Delaware Student Excellence Equals Degree Program Scholarship

The Delaware Student Excellence Equals Degree Program Scholarship (Delaware SEED Scholarship) is intended to provide free college tuition to Delaware residents seeking to earn an Associate degree at in-state colleges Delaware Tech and the University of Delaware. Any Delaware high school graduate after 2006 is eligible to apply given certain criteria.

## Criteria

The criteria to be awarded are:
* Must be a resident of Delaware and planning/are to be a full time student.
* Must not have been convicted of any felony.
* Have already applied for other forms of financial aid.
* Must have graduated from a Delaware High School and have obtained a 2.5 GPA in high school (on a 4.0 scale).
** The student must maintain at least a 2.5 GPA throughout college as well.
* Gain admission to Delaware Tech or the University of Delaware and satisfy their respective admissions standards.
** A Delaware Tech student is not eligible for the scholarship if they've been admitted "by special admission standards."
* Must attend college classes no later than the fall semester after high school.
* Must be eligible for the scholarship under their admitted colleges implemented criteria.
If the student lived in foster care while 16 - 18 years old, points 4 and 6 do not apply. In this case the student must have started their Associates degree before the age of 25 and take no more than 5 years to obtain it.
In order to maintain eligibility and funding for the scholarship, a student must:
* Earn at least 24 credits as a full time student per year.
** This requirement has been waived due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
** If the student has lived in foster care while 16 - 18 years old, this requirement does not apply.
* Maintain continuous enrollment of at least 2 semesters per year.
** The college may grant an exception and waive this requirement.
* Maintain a college GPA of at least 2.5.
** The college may grant an exception and waive this requirement.
* The student’s family must certify that the student has not been convicted of a felony.
# Democratic Constituent Congress

The Democratic Constituent Congress (Spanish: Congreso Constituyente Democrático) was a Constituent Assembly created in Peru after the dissolution of Congress by President Alberto Fujimori in 1992. Its main purpose was to amend the Constitution of 1979.

## President

* Jaime Yoshiyama (Cambio 90-New Majority)

## Constitutional Commission
### President

* Carlos Torres y Torres Lara

### Vice president

* Enrique Chirinos Soto

### Members of the Commission

* José Barba Caballero
* Martha Chávez Cossío
* Carlos Ferrero Costa
* Víctor Joy Way Rojas
* Samuel Matsuda Nishimura
* Henry Pease García
* Roger Cáceres Velásquez
* César Fernández Arce
* Lourdes Flores Nano
* Ricardo Marcenaro Frers
* Fernando Olivera Vega
* Pedro Vilchez Malpica
# Denis-Luc Frayssinous

Denis-Antoine-Luc, comte de Frayssinous (9 May 1765 – 12 December 1841) was a French prelate and statesman, orator and writer. He was the eighth member elected to occupy Seat 3 of the Académie Française in 1822.

## Biography

De Frayssinous was born of humble parentage at Curières, in the département of Aveyron. He owes his reputation mainly to the lectures on dogmatic theology, known as the conferences of Saint Sulpice, delivered in the church of Saint Sulpice, Paris, from 1803 to 1809, to which admiring crowds were attracted by his lucid exposition and by his graceful oratory. The freedom of his language in 1809, when Napoleon had arrested the pope and declared the annexation of Rome to France, led to a prohibition of his lectures; and the dispersion of the congregation of Saint Sulpice in 1811 was followed by his temporary retirement from the capital. He returned with the Bourbons, and resumed his lectures in 1814; but the events of the Hundred Days again compelled him to withdraw into private life, from which he did not emerge until February 1816.
As court preacher and almoner to Louis XVIII of France, he now entered upon the period of his greatest public activity and influence. In connection with the controversy raised by the signing of the reactionary concordat of 1817, he published in 1818 a treatise entitled Les vrais principes de l'Église gallicane sur la puissance ecclésiastique, which though unfavourably criticized by Lamennais, was received with favor by the civil and ecclesiastical authorities.
The consecration of Frayssinous as bishop of Hermopolis in partibus, his election to the Académie française, and his appointment to the grand-mastership of the university, followed in rapid succession. In 1824, on the accession of Charles X of France, he became minister of public instruction and of ecclesiastical affairs under the administration of Jean-Baptiste, Comte de Villèle; and about the same time he was created a peer of France with the title of count. His term of office was chiefly marked by the recall of the Jesuits.
In 1825 he published his lectures under the title Défense du christianisme. The work passed through 15 editions within 18 years, and was translated into several European languages. In 1828 he, along with his colleagues in the Villèle ministry, was compelled to resign office, and the subsequent revolution of July 1830 led to his retirement to Rome. Shortly afterwards he became tutor to the duke of Bordeaux (Comte de Chambord) at Prague, where he continued to live until 1838. He died at Saint-Geniez-d'Olt on 12 December 1841.

## Literary quotations

The famous novel of Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, mentions the Conferences of Saint Sulpice by the abbot Frayssinous, habitual readings during the stay of Emma Rouault (not yet Bovary) in a nunnery.
# Paulette

Paulette may refer to:
* Paulette (given name), a French feminine given name
* DJ Paulette (born 1966), English house music DJ
* Paulette (tax), a French tax instituted in 1604
* Paulette Caveat, a 1973 legal caveat filed by a group of Dene chiefs against the government of Canada
* Paulette (comics), a 1971–1984 comic by Georges Wolinski
* Paulette (film), a 2012 French film.
# Paul Roldan

Hipolito (Paul) Roldan, (born 1944 New York City) is an affordable housing developer in Chicago.
In 2001, he participated in a comprehensive community planning effort to manage development in Humboldt Park, Chicago, on the city's west side. The HHDC, along with two other housing development corporations—Latin United Community Housing Development (LUCHA) and Bickerdike Redevelopment Corp., received city funding and support to develop significant affordable housing programs.
In 2005, the organization was ranked fifth among the nation's Latino nonprofits, by Hispanic Business magazine.
He is a ULI inner-city adviser and national trustee. He serves on many committees and boards, including Boston's Housing Partnership Network, and the National Puerto Rican Coalition. He was a participant in President Bill Clinton's economic conferences held in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1992 and Columbus, Ohio, in 1995.

## Awards

* 2009 Lifetime Industry Leadership Award
* 2005 Builder of the Year by El Nuevo Constructor magazine
* 2002 Friend of the Neighborhoods
* 1988 MacArthur Fellows Program
# Paul Taff

Paul Kenneth Taff (January 21, 1920 in Belleville, Illinois – January 3, 2013) was an American television executive, executive producer, and television producer. His credits included Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. Taff spearheaded the funding for Julia Child's first cooking show, The French Chef, which allowed the show to be aired nationwide and launched Child's television career.
Taff had an over 70-year career in broadcasting. His career started during his college years as a control room operator and occasional announcer on WSOY radio in Decatur, Illinois. That beginning was followed by positions as continuity director and assistant program director at KFUO radio, St. Louis; program director at WBEZ radio, Chicago; program director at WTVP television, Decatur, Illinois; station manager at WMVS, an educational television station in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; director of children’s programs and director of program operations, National Educational Television (NET), New York City, the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS); president and general manager of Connecticut Educational Telecommunications Company, Hartford, Connecticut, which subsequently became Connecticut Public Broadcasting; and executive director, president and president emeritus of the Connecticut Broadcasters Association.
Taff graduated from Belleville High School and from Millikin University. He later received a master's degree in speech from Northwestern University and an honorary doctorate of humane letters from the University of New Haven.
Taff became the first television broadcaster to appear on WTVP (now WAND) in 1953, In Decatur, Illinois.
As Director of Children's Programs for National Educational Television, he helped to secure funding to acquire the broadcasting rights for Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. and bring it to a national television audience.
A resident of Glastonbury, Connecticut, Taff died on January 3, 2013, at the age of 92.
# Delvino, Blagoevgrad Province

Delvino is a sparsely populated village in Blagoevgrad Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. It is situated in Rila mountain few kilometers east of Blagoevgrad.
# Denaby and Conisbrough railway station

Denaby and Conisbrough railway station was a small station, the southern terminus of the South Yorkshire Junction Railway branch from Wrangbrook Junction. The station, built to serve Denaby Main and Conisbrough, near Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England, was situated just to the north of the Mexborough to Doncaster line of the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, close by the road linking the villages in its name. Access to the station was by a subway under the G.C. line.
The line, promoted by the Denaby and Cadeby Colliery Company, was operated by the Hull and Barnsley Railway and connected at Wrangbrook with its main line between Cudworth, near Barnsley, and Hull.
The station was a wooden structure and its facilities included a locomotive shed to house the branch tank locomotive. This was destroyed by fire.
Originally there was no connection with the M.S.& L. R. line, this was not put in place until Great Central days, opening on 13 July 1908 in order for that company to reach Brodsworth Colliery.
The next station northwards was Sprotborough (H&B) railway halt.
The station closed on 2 February 1903 when passenger services were withdrawn.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Sprotborough | South Yorkshire Junction Railway South Yorkshire Junction Railway | Terminus |
# Des Teufels General (play)

Des Teufels General is a 1946 play written by German author and playwright Carl Zuckmayer, translated as The Devil's General. The title character of the play, General Harras, is based on the ace Ernst Udet. The play is based upon his struggles during the war, simultaneously working under and openly being against the Nazi Party. Despite the serious scenario of it, a comical and satirical tone is often used throughout the play.

## Characters

* Harras, aviation general.
* Lüttjohann, Harras' adjutant.
* Korrianke, Harras' chauffeur.
* Friedrich Eilers, colonel & leader of the war front and military.
* Hartmann, aviation officer.
* Writzky, aviation officer.
* Hastenteuffel, aviation officer.
* Pfundtmayer, aviation officer.
* Sigbert von Mohrungen, president of the Office for Procuring Crude Metal.
* Baron Pflungk, Attaché for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
* Dr. Schmidt-Lausitz, cultural leader.
* Der Maler Schlick, the painter Schlick.
* Oderbruch, engineer in the Ministry of Aviation.
* Anne Eilers, wife of Friedrich Eilers.
* Waltraut von Mohrungen, who goes by the alias Pützchen. Anne's sister.
* Olivia Geiss, diva.
* Diddo Geiss, Olivia's niece; love interest of General Harras, despite being much younger than he.
* Lyra Schoeppke, named die Tankstelle, which means "The Gas Station."
* Otto, restaurant manager.
* Francois, French speaking restaurant waiter.
* Herr Detlev, restaurant waiter.
* Buddy Lawrence, an American journalist.
* Zwei Arbeiter, two workers.
* Ein Polizeikommissar, a police commissioner.

## Screen adaptations

In 1955, Des Teufels General was adapted into a black and white film of the same title. The film features Curd Jürgens as Harras, Marianne Koch as Dorothea 'Diddo' Geiss, Viktor de Kowa as SS-Gruppenführer Schmidt-Lausitz, Eva Ingeborg Scholz as Waltraut 'Pützchen' Mohrungen, and Harry Meyen as Leutnant Hartmann.
At the German Film Awards of 1955 Marianne Koch won the Film Award in Silver for Outstanding Individual Achievement: Supporting Actress for her performance in the film.
A BBC TV adaptation of the play in the Sunday Night Theatre strand was broadcast on 18 December 1955. Translated by Robert Gore Brown, and directed by Rudolph Cartier, it starred Marius Goring as Harras, Margaretta Scott as Olivia Geiss, Helena Hughes as Diddo Geiss, and Cyril Shaps as Doctor Schmidt-Lausitz. The play was remounted as part of the Summer Theatre strand, broadcast on 14 August 1960, again with Cartier directing. Goring, Scott, and Shaps reprised their roles, with Jill Dixon replacing Hughes as Diddo Geiss. Both versions no longer exist.
# Paul Reddicliffe

Paul Reddicliffe OBE (born 17 March 1945) was British Ambassador to the Kingdom of Cambodia (1994–1997).

## Life

Paul Reddicliffe was born on 17 March 1945. He was educated at Bedford Modern School, Jesus College, Oxford, and SOAS, University of London.
Reddicliffe joined HM Diplomatic Service in 1977 and was Indochina Analyst (1977–85), First Secretary in Canberra (1985–89), Indochina Analyst (1989–92), Head of Southeast Asia Section (1992–94) and Ambassador to the Kingdom of Cambodia (1994–97). He was invested as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1998.
In 1974 Reddicliffe married Wee Siok Boi; they have two sons.
# Pauline Klein

Pauline Klein (born 3 September 1976) is a French writer.
After studying philosophy at the Sorbonne, then aesthetics at Nanterre University, she eventually entered Saint Martin's School of Art in London. She worked four years in an art gallery of New York. Alice Kahn, her first novel published in 2010, was awarded the Prix Fénéon, while her second novel, Fermer l'œil de la nuit, was published in 2012.
# Desem

Desem (pronounced DAY-zum) (Dutch for "leaven") is both a type of sourdough starter made from whole wheat flour, spelt flour or other flours (such as kamut, durum and tritordeum) and water, and the resulting bread.
Desem starter is traditionally used in Belgium to make healthy, nutrient-rich bread. The starter is grown in a bed of flour at cool temperatures until it reaches sufficient maturity. The starter is not exposed to outside bacteria and yeasts, but achieves its leavening power from organisms present in the whole wheat flour itself. For this reason, desem starter is best made with grains free of chemicals (i.e. organically grown without herbicides, pesticides or dessicants) and water that does not contain chlorine or fluoride. The leavening power of desem starter may be stronger than that of typical sourdough starters.
The term "desem" also describes the loaf made with this starter. Desem bread made from a mature desem is characterized by a strong rise, and a light texture, with a nutty taste. When made properly desem bread is less sour than German or San Francisco sourdough breads. The loaf is similar in process to the French "pain au levain", but made with whole wheat flour and starter instead of white flour. Desem bread is considered to be a "naturally leavened" bread, rather than a "yeasted" bread. It keeps well and digests comfortably.
Desem bread has a strong following in the natural foods community, where it was largely popularized by vegetarian cookbook author Laurel Robertson.

## Preparation
### Starter

Unlike sourdough starters which are exposed to outside air, the desem starter is grown in a bed of flour (3-4 inches of flour surrounding the ball of dough made from fresh wheat flour and pure water). Keeping the flour cool (approx. 50-65°F, or 10-18°C) during the initial incubation period is important as higher temperatures may make the desem starter sour. The cool incubation environment is particularly important for desem. While getting a desem starter (a dough starter) going the first time can be challenging, keeping it going can be easier than sourdough starters (liquid starters).
Feeding the starter daily and baking bread once per week is the standard method of keeping the desem starter happy and thriving but feeding it weekly or freezing it for later are viable options.

### Methods and Baking

The techniques for making desem bread are similar to the techniques used for sourdough breads, but present unique challenges.