OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nottingham Youth Orchestra

The Nottingham Youth Orchestra is a youth orchestra that was founded in 1985 by Derek Williams and the late Stephen Fairlie. The main aim of the orchestra is to promote the musical development of young local musicians in full time education. The orchestra has gained a reputation for its high standards of performance and has received praise and acclaim both in the UK and on tours abroad.
Over the past 20 years, NYO has expanded from just one orchestra to three classical orchestras and two jazz orchestras. These groups involve over 300 young players aged 8 to 19, representing some 50 schools in Nottinghamshire and other parts of the East Midlands. All of the orchestras are coached by experienced local professional musicians, who support all the sections of the orchestras in their musical development. The members are given the opportunity to play a wide range of orchestral and chamber music, as well as film scores and traditional folk songs. Following Derek Williams' retirement the senior orchestra now has the benefit of experienced visiting conductors, including the organisation's Artistic Advisor, James Lowe.
There are at least three major Youth Orchestra concerts in the Nottingham area each year, typically including venues such as the Royal Concert Hall, Southwell Minster, St Mary's church and the Albert Hall. The senior orchestra also undertakes a summer tour, often to Europe. Recent destinations have included Florence, Vienna, Barcelona, Berlin, Paris and Antwerp. In the past the orchestra has toured places as far afield as the United States and Cyprus.
The orchestra has commissioned work by various composers and performed the world premieres of 'Mosaic' by Nick Sackman at the Edinburgh International Festival in 2002 and 'The Death of Stalin' by Robert Steadman in March 2003 at Nottingham's Royal Concert Hall. It has also premiered a Jazz Violin Concerto by John Dankworth and has performed the Elgar Cello Concerto with Julian Lloyd Webber. At the Music for Youth National festival at the Royal Festival Hall in London in July 2003, the orchestra was highly commended for its performance.
The Nottingham Youth Jazz Orchestra (Notts NYJO) was formed in Spring 2008. NYJO is directed by Phil Smith and NYJO 2, a training band for NYJO, Is under the direction of Ben Lee, who also tutors an 8-piece combo. All the bands perform gigs and concerts locally, with a varied repertoire of jazz and popular tunes. Every summer NYJO spends a week performing in Edinburgh during the Fringe Festival. Its patron is the internationally regarded Tony Kofi, a jazz saxophonist and band leader who hails from Nottingham.
# Bourgade (disambiguation)

Bourgade is a French-language surname.
Bourgade or La Bourgade may also refer to:
* Bourgade Catholic High School, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
* La Bourgade, a former name of Cummingsburg, a ward in Georgetown, Guyana
* La Bourgade, a village in the commune Angles, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France
# Ficus triradiata

Ficus triradiata, commonly known as the red stipule fig, is a hemiepiphytic fig that is endemic to the wet tropical rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia.

## Description

Ficus triradiata is a monoecious tree which grows up to 25 m (82 ft) tall. Its leaves are 33–163 mm (1.3–6.4 in) long and 10–66 mm (0.39–2.60 in) wide. Its syconia are cream, yellow, orange or pink in colour, 21–26 mm (0.83–1.02 in) long and 15–26 mm (0.59–1.02 in) in diameter. It begins life as a hemiepiphyte.
# Chandi, Bihar

Chandi is a small town in Nalanda, Bihar state, India.
The town's name is taken from the Hindu goddess Chandi Devi, to whom there is a dedicated temple in the town.
Chandi saw rapid development from 2005 to 2010.

## Location

Chandi is a town in Chandi Tehsil of Nalanda District in the Indian state of Bihar and is located 17.3 km distance from the District's main city Bihar Sharif and 42 km from the state's main city Patna.
Villages in Chandi Tehsil are Gunjarchak, Gadanpura, Badhauna, Parari ,Korut, Tulsigarh, Dayalpur, Kurthia, Akair, Gonkura, Darveshpur, Yogiya, Gokhulpur, Dasturpar, Araut, Raitha, Jalalpur, Gaudhapar, Hasanchak, Hasni, Kurthiya, Madhopur, Mahkar, Sinduara, Bramasthan and Salehpur. Tulsigarh is one of the famous villages in Chandi tehsil, and is about 4 km from Chandi.
Tarkeshwari Sinha, India's first female politician, came from Tulsigarh. She was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha from Patna East constituency in 1952. She was the first female Deputy Finance Minister in the union cabinet led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru from 1958 to 1964.

## Development

The town has one of the best roads in Bihar. Since 2010 Chandi has had water supplied by the government. It has a powerhouse that supplies electricity to a third of Nalanda, giving electricity for 21 hours daily, compared to an eight-hour supply four years previously.
The village Akair has recently electrified with solar power and wind energy.
The Government of Bihar established an engineering college Nalanda College of Engineering in Chandi in 2008.
* Badhauna
* Lifeline Shishu Health care, with NICU facility

## Economy

Chandi is a good place for farming crops such as lychee, ashoka, onion, potato and other vegetables, rice, wheat and mango. Satnag , Akair and Hanumangarh are famous for producing vegetables like Bhindi nenua brinjal karela and pumpkin. Nalanda has more than 100 cold stores.
The area has four bank branches, including Punjab National Bank, state Bank of India, Bank of India.

## Pin code and neighbours

Chandi's pin code is 803108.
Other villages in 803108 are Brahmasthan, Korut, Yogiya, Badhauna, Madhopur, Rukhai and Tulsigarh.
* Nearby villages are Badhauna (3 km),Gadanpura (2.5km ), Yogiya (1.2 km), Vishunpur 3.5 km, Korut (2.0 km), Bhagwanpur (0.03 km), Gonkura (5.5), Darveshpur (6), Gokhulpur (1.5 km), Gaudhapar (4.5 km), Dasturpar (1.0 km), Madhopur (2.7 km), Tharthari (3.8 km), Hasni (4.3 km), Gangaura (4.7 km), Brahmasthan (5.5 km), Akair and (6.5 km).
* Towns near Chandi include Tharthari (3.8 km), Nagar Nausa (10.1 km), Harnaut (10.8 km), and Noorsarai (10.0 km).

## Education

The government has established Nalanda College of Engineering with four undergraduate degrees: CE, CS, ME and EEE. The main degree colleges in Chandi are Magadh Mahavidyalya Chandi and Dr. Ram Raj Singh Mahila Vidyalya.
Schools include Bapu High School, Gyanodaya High School, Gyan jyoti School, Green Valley Public School, Brightland Central School, Primary Middle School, Gyandeep Public School, Shantikunj residential school, and St. Teresa English School.
# Federation of Oil Unions in Iraq

Founded in October 2005 from unions that had begun organizing after the invasion, the Federation of Oil Unions of Iraq is the largest independent union consortium in Iraq, with tens of thousands of members. It fully opposed the American occupation of Iraq.

## History

First organized in the Southern Oil Company Union in May 2003, Iraq's oil workers began organizing what became the General Union of Oil Employees (GUOE). They have pushed to keep Iraq's resources in the hands of Iraqis, while the union remained independent of any political parties and influences from the foreign occupation. It has not affiliated to either of the two major union federations of Iraq: the Iraqi Communist Party-connected Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions or the Worker-Communist Party of Iraq-influenced Federation of Workers Councils and Unions in Iraq, but it has worked with both groupings.
As SOCU, the oil workers engaged in direct action to expel Baathist managers from oil facilities, occupation forces began moving in to attempt to take over administration of the industry. Kellogg Brown and Root (KBR) led this, and was also militantly removed by the SOCU workers, along with subcontracted laborers. With threats to strike, the union was able to gain wage increases over what the United States-led occupation was willing to pay. KBR eventually took over much of the administration of the oil industry, although resistance in the form of strikes in June and August of that year, and blockades, continued. In cases where occupation forces threatened force, the SOCU workers warned that they would be met with armed resistance.
In June 2004, the GUOE was formed from the workers of the major oil companies: Southern Oil Company, Southern Gas Company, Southern Refinery Company, Iraqi Drilling Company, the Oil Carrier Company, the Gas Packing Company, the Oil Production Company, the Oil Projects Company, and the Oil Pipe Lines Company. In May 2005, the GUOE organized a large conference against privatization with hundreds of unionists and representatives of other international groups. More strikes came in July and August, usually with outcomes favorable to the workers. In October, union president Hassan Jumaa Awad led the group to change its name to the Federation of Oil Unions of Iraq.
# Enchylium

Enchylium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Collemataceae.

## Species

As of May 2024, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accept 12 species of Enchylium:
* Enchylium bachmanianum (Fink) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium coccophorum (Tuck.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium confertum (Hepp ex Arnold) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium conglomeratum (Hoffm.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium expansum (Degel.) P.M.Jørg. (2015)
* Enchylium flagellatum (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium ligerinum (Hy) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium limosum (Ach.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium nipponicum (Degel.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium polycarpon (Hoffm.) Otálora, P.M.Jørg. & Wedin (2013)
* Enchylium substellatum (H.Magn.) P.M.Jørg. (2015)
* Enchylium tenax (Sw.) Gray (1821)
# Cardston County

Cardston County is a municipal district in southern Alberta, Canada. It is located in Census Division 3 around the Town of Cardston.
The municipal district was established on January 1, 1954, through the amalgamation of the Municipal District of Sugar City No. 5 and part of the Municipal District of Cochrane No. 6. On January 1, 2000, the name was changed from Municipal District of Cardston No. 6 to Cardston County

## Geography

Cardston County, located in southern Alberta, Canada, boasts a diverse landscape ranging from rolling plains to stunning mountain vistas. Its terrain is influenced by the Waterton River, providing fertile farmland and scenic beauty."

### Lakes

* Payne Lake

### Communities and localities

The following localities are located within Cardston County.

#### Other places

* Woolford Flat

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Cardston County had a population of 4,856 living in 1,143 of its 1,387 total private dwellings, a change of 8.4% from its 2016 population of 4,481. With a land area of 3,358.39 km$^2$ (1,296.68 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.4/km$^2$ (3.7/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Cardston County had a population of 4,481 living in 1,043 of its 1,260 total private dwellings, a 7.5% change from its 2011 population of 4,167. With a land area of 3,429.82 km$^2$ (1,324.26 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.3/km$^2$ (3.4/sq mi) in 2016.
# Bocchoris inspersalis

Bocchoris inspersalis, the dotted sable, is a moth of the family Crambidae. It can be found in subtropical Africa South of the Sahara, many islands of the Indian Ocean, South and East Asia, from India to Japan.

## Foodplants

The larvae feed on Malvaceae (Triplochiton scleroxylon).
# Ron Reynolds

Ron Reynolds may refer to:
* Ron Reynolds (politician) (born 1973), American lawyer and member of the Texas House of Representatives
* Ron Reynolds (footballer, born 1928) (1928–1999), English football goalkeeper
* Ron Reynolds (Australian footballer) (1916–1992), Australian rules footballer
# Ron Reusch

Ron Reusch is a Canadian sportscaster, active mostly from the 1960s through to 2006.
While living in Germany from 1959 to 1967, he worked for CBS Europe, the Canadian Forces Network, and a variety of German radio and television outlets.
When he returned to Canada, he started working for a radio station called CKGM in Montreal, and for years was part of the English broadcast crews of both the Montreal Canadiens and Montreal Expos. He worked for many years on the CTV Television Network and its Montréal affiliate, CFCF-TV, where he covered a variety of sports.
He was part of thirteen Olympic broadcasts, beginning with 1968 in Grenoble, France for CBS, where he broadcast ice hockey. For CTV, he covered the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York (ice hockey), the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta (ice hockey), the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain (baseball), and the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway (speed skating).
Previously, he did play-by-play for CTV's coverage of the first three Canada Cup hockey tournaments, and he served as the colour commentator to Dan Kelly's play-by-play for CTV's NHL coverage for the 1984–85, 1985–86 seasons, and the 1987 Canada Cup.
During the firing of Marguerite Corriveau, a weatherperson for the station, Reusch emphasized that CFCF principal owner Jean Pouliot was a pro-unionist and that any statements he made beforehand were misinterpreted.
# Roots Millennium Schools

Roots Millennium Schools is a part of Roots School System founded in 1988 by Mrs. Riffat Mushtaq. Roots Millennium Schools was established by her son Chaudhry Faisal Mushtaq and is operating campuses in 20 cities of Pakistan.

## History

Roots Millennium Schools is an ISO 9001:2008 certified educational institute.

## Accreditation & affiliation

Roots Millennium Schools Pakistan is a Cambridge International Examinations associated school, An edexcel International affiliated school, also an affiliate center of the University of London International Programmes United Kingdom, is a candidate school for International Baccalaureate IB Middle Years Programme, a Microsoft mentor status school 2014, a member of Goethe-Institut Pasch schools network. It was selected as one of the Arabia 500 fastest growing organizations in year 2012. Roots millennium schools is accredited with Inter Board Committee of Chairmen (IBCC Pakistan) and Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.

## Awards and recognition

* It was awarded with 'Brands of the Year Award 2011 - 2012' for excellence in education sector in Pakistan.
* Winner of 2nd Global Human Resource Excellence Award in year 2011.
# Bogna

Bogna is a female given name of Polish origin. It may be a diminutive form of various names, including Bogdana, Bogusława, and Bogumiła. The name is derived from the word "bog" and may mean "divine" but also "luck, fate, rich".
People named Bogna include:
* Bogna Bartosz, Polish classical singer
* Bogna Burska (born 1974), Polish playwright and visual artist
* Bogna Jóźwiak (born 1983), Polish sabre fencer
* Bogna Koreng (born 1964), Sorbian journalist
* Bogna Krasnodębska-Gardowska (1900–1986), Polish painter
* Bogna Sobiech (born 1990), Polish handball player
# Boddam, Shetland

Boddam is a village on the island of Mainland, in Shetland, Scotland.
Boddam is an area of Dunrossness in the South Mainland of Shetland. Although Boddam is just the name for the few houses at the head of the voe, including the slaughterhouse, the nearby estates of Hillock, Dalsetter Wynd, and Turniebrae are also usually referred to as being in Boddam. Boddam has a working Norse horizontal mill and the Croft House Museum.
The sea off Boddam hosts a population of sandeel that provides a food source for many species fish, seabirds, seals, whales and dolphins: the area is considered to have the most reliable population of sandeels of all the seas surrounding Shetland, and is now designated as a Nature Conservation Marine Protected Area (NCMPA).
Boddam was chosen by the Orkney and Shetland Islands Telegraph Company as the landfall for its undersea cable from Orkney which provided telegraphic communication to Shetland for the first time in 1870.
# Boddam Masonic Hall

Boddam Masonic Hall is an historic building in Boddam, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is a Category B listed structure, located a few hundred yards west of Buchan Ness Lighthouse.
# Boisbaudran

Boisbaudran is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Horace Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1802–1897), French artist and teacher
* Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1838–1912), French chemist
# Boisavia Chablis

The Boisavia B-80 Chablis was French light sport aircraft of the 1950s.

## Design and development

The Chablis was designed by Lucien Tieles and constructed by Avions Boisavia in 1950. It was a two-seat ultra-light monoplane with a high parasol wing supported by struts. The seats were arranged in tandem fashion. It was of extremely simple all-wood design with fabric covering and was intended to be fitted with a variety of engines in the 50–80 h.p. range.
Two Chablis were built by Boisavia, the first F-PBGO making its first flight on 16 July 1950. These were powered by a 65 hp (48 kW) Continental A65 flat four-cylinder air-cooled engine. The Chablis was intended for construction by amateur builders using kits supplied by the firm. In the event, no further examples were completed and further development was not proceeded with.

## Specification

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 7.0 m (22 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 9.0 m (29 ft 6 in)
* Gross weight: 513 kg (1,131 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A65 flat four-cylinder air-cooled engine , 48 kW (65 hp)
# Ronald Kaplan

Ronald M. Kaplan (born 1946) has served as a vice president at Amazon.com and chief scientist for Amazon Search (A9.com). He was previously vice president and distinguished scientist at Nuance Communications and director of Nuance' Natural Language and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Prior to that he served as chief scientist and a principal researcher at the Powerset division of Microsoft Bing. He is also an adjunct professor in the Linguistics Department at Stanford University and a principal of Stanford's Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI). He was previously a research fellow at the Palo Alto Research Center (formerly the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center), where he was the manager of research in Natural Language Theory and Technology.
He received his bachelor's degree (1968) in mathematics and language behavior from the University of California, Berkeley and his master's (1970) and Ph.D. (1975) in social psychology from Harvard University. As a graduate student he investigated how explicit computational models of grammar, particularly Augmented Transition Networks, could be embedded in models of human language performance, and he wrote the grammar for the LUNAR system, the first large-scale ATN grammar of English. He also developed the notions of consumer-producer and active-chart parsing. He designed (in collaboration with Joan Bresnan) the formal theory of Lexical Functional Grammar and produced its initial computational implementation. He developed (with Martin Kay) the mathematical, linguistic, and computational concepts that underlie the use of finite-state phonological and morphological descriptions.
He helped to embed finite-state methods in a wide range of commercial products offered by Xerox and by several Xerox spin-off companies: Microlytics, Inxight, and Scansoft. In the 1980s he served as chief scientist of Microlytics. He holds 36 patents for inventions in the language technology field.
He was honored with the 2019 Lifetime Achievement Award from the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). He is a past President (1979) and an inaugural Fellow (2011) of the ACL, a co-recipient of the 1992 ACM Software Systems Award for his contribution to the Interlisp programming system, and a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery. He is also a Fellow of the Cognitive Science Society. During 1995–1996 he was a Fellow-in-Residence at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences. In 2006, he was honored with a festschrift titled Intelligent linguistic architectures: variations on themes by Ronald M. Kaplan, published by CSLI Publications. He was awarded honorary doctorates from Copenhagen University in 2013 and from the University of York in 2019.
# Bogotá sunangel

The Bogotá sunangel (Heliangelus zusii) is a species of hummingbird that is only known from one specimen. The hummingbird is a bright purple with black flight feathers and a bright green chin and crown. This bird has only been found in Colombia and is assumed to live in cloud forest between 1200 and 3400 meters. Most of its potential habitat is degraded, though it is feasible that a population may still exist.
This hummingbird is known from a single skin purchased in Bogotá in 1909. Nothing more is known of the bird, and though the skin is most commonly thought to come from either the Eastern or Central Andes of Colombia, other specimens from Bogotá have come from as far away as Ecuador. Since the bird has not been seen alive, it is assumed to have a relict population if it still survives. Some have suggested that the bird is just a hybrid, though the skin is very distinct.
Phylogenetic analyses place H. zusii as sister to a clade of mid -to high- elevation Andean species currently placed in the genera Taphrolesbia and Aglaiocercus (but outside the genus Heliangelus).
After the discovery of a hummingbird hybrid at Rogitama in 2011 which shows similarities to the Bogotá sunangel it has been shown that the Bogotá sunangel might be a hybrid between Aglaiocercus kingii and a yet undetermined species.
In 2017, the IOC lumped this bird with the long-tailed sylph, following the taxonomy of Pérez-Emán et al. 2017 and Kirchman et al. 2010 that it was a hybrid. Other taxonomic authorities, such as the American Ornithological Society, have continued to recognize the species.