OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Direct reduction (blast furnace)

Direct reduction is the fraction of iron oxide reduction that occurs in a blast furnace due to the presence of coke carbon, while the remainder - indirect reduction - consists mainly of carbon monoxide from coke combustion.
It should also be noted that many non-ferrous oxides are reduced by this type of reaction in a blast furnace. This reaction is therefore essential to the operation of historical processes for the production of non-ferrous metals by non-steel blast furnaces (i.e. blast furnaces dedicated to the production of ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, etc., which have now disappeared).
Direct-reduction steelmaking processes that bring metal oxides into contact with carbon (typically those based on the use of hard coal or charcoal) also exploit this chemical reaction. In fact, at first glance, many of them seem to use only this reaction. Processes that historically competed with blast furnaces, such as the Catalan forge, have been assimilated into this reaction. But modern direct reduction processes are often based on the exclusive use of reducing gases: in this case, their name takes on the exact opposite meaning to that of the chemical reaction.

## Definition

For blast furnaces, direct reduction corresponds to the reduction of oxides by the carbon in the coke. However, in practice, direct reduction only plays a significant role in the final stage of iron reduction in a blast furnace, by helping to reduce wustite (FeO) to iron. In this case, the chemical reaction can be trivially described as follows:
However, "in the solid state, there is virtually no reaction in the absence of gases, even between finely ground iron ore and coal powders. In other words, it seems certain that the reaction takes place via gases". This means that direct reduction most probably corresponds to the following chain of reactions:

## Roles

This reaction accounts for around half of the transformation of wustite FeO into iron, and removes 30% of the total oxygen supplied, mainly in the form of iron oxide Fe$_2$O$_3$. This mode of wustite reduction is highly endothermic, whereas the reduction of iron oxides by CO is slightly exothermic (+155.15 kJ/mol vs. -17.45 kJ/mol), so it is essential to keep it to a minimum.
This reaction concerns all the iron oxides present in a blast furnace, but also manganese(II) oxides (Mno), silica (SiO$_2$), chromium, vanadium and titanium, which are partially reduced in blast furnaces. These chemical reactions are described below:
Chromium and vanadium behave like manganese, titanium like silicon. As for the other iron oxides, their direct reduction is of negligible importance. This can be written as:
In non-steel blast furnaces, dedicated to the production of ferroalloys, direct reduction is fundamental. For example, for ferronickel production, both direct reduction reactions are used:
So, although nickel reduces slightly more easily than iron, it cannot be reduced and cast independently of iron.
# Elias Marcano

Elias Marcano (born 1 March 1971) is a Venezuelan wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 82 kg at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# 1995 in Taiwan

Events from the year 1995 in Taiwan, Republic of China. This year is numbered Minguo 84 according to the official Republic of China calendar.

## Incumbents

* President – Lee Teng-hui
* Vice President – Li Yuan-tsu
* Premier – Lien Chan
* Vice Premier – Hsu Li-teh

## Events
### February

* 14 February – The launch of KISS Radio.
* 15 February – The Weierkang Club fire killed 64, and injured 11 people
* 28 February – President Lee Teng-hui publicly addressed the public to discuss the February 28 Incident, the first statement made by the ROC head of state about the incident since 1947.

### March

* 1 March – The establishment of National Fire Agency of the Ministry of the Interior.
* 28 March – The start of Muzha Refuse Incineration Plant commercial operation in Wenshan District, Taipei.

### April

* 9 April
** The opening of Sanyi Wood Sculpture Museum in Sanyi Township, Miaoli County.
** The opening of Li Mei-shu Memorial Gallery in Sanxia Township, Taipei County.

### June

* 29 June – The establishment of Children Are Us Foundation.

### July

* 1 July – The establishment of National Kaohsiung Hospitality Management Academy in Siaogang District, Kaohsiung City.
* 20 July – The establishment of Public Construction Commission.
* 21 July – The start of Third Taiwan Strait Crisis.

### October

* 18 October – The establishment of Kinmen National Park in Kinmen County.
* 30 October – The establishment of Architecture and Building Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior.

### December

* 2 December – The 1995 Republic of China legislative election.
* 20 December – The renaming of Central Police College to Central Police University.

## Birth

* 7 January – Fan Jung-yuv, badminton player
* 15 January – Darren Chen, actor
* 22 June – Chen Chao-an, football player
* 21 November – Liu Sheng-yi, football player
# Coleophora bitlisella

Coleophora bitlisella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae that can be found in Iran and Turkey.
# The Squeeze

The Squeeze may refer to these films:
* The Squeeze (1977 film), a British gangster thriller
* The Squeeze (1980 film), an Italian heist film
* The Squeeze (1987 film), an American comedy
* The Squeeze (2015 film), an American golfing drama
# Fakker

Fakker is the third solo album by the Austrian hip-hop musician Nazar. It was released on 13 May 2011 by Wolf Pack Entertainment and distributed by Soulfood Music In the summer of 2010 a new track of Nazar's, entitled My Town was released on YouTube. In the following months, Nazar began work with RAF Camora and The Royals on his new solo album. Prior to the album release came the opening of the Austrian documentary Schwarzkopf in cinemas.
The album reached 6th in the Ö3 Austria Top 40, and 36th in the German Media Control Charts.

## Track listing

| Track number | Title | Featuring | Producer | Length |
| 1 | Intro | | Raf Camora, The Royals, Nazar | 1:36 |
| 2 | Meine Fans (My Fans) | | Raf Camora, The Royals | 2:45 |
| 3 | Krankes Ego (Sick Ego) | RAF 3.0 | Raf Camora, The Royals, Benno | 3:26 |
| 4 | Exhibitionist | | Raf Camora, The Royals, X-Plosive | 3:39 |
| 5 | F.O.T.U. | Haftbefehl | Raf Camora, The Royals | 4:00 |
| 6 | Farben des Lebens (Colors of Life) | RAF 3.0 | Molotov | 3:14 |
| 7 | Amethyst | | Gee Futuristic and Hookbeats | 2:57 |
| 8 | Keinen Bock (Do Not Block) | Manuellsen | Raf Camora, The Royals | 3:40 |
| 9 | Fakkerlifestyle | RAF 3.0 | Raf Camora, The Royals | 3:08 |
| 10 | Volim Te (I Love You) | | STI | 3:38 |
| 11 | Gib mir nicht die Schuld (I Do Not Give the Blame) | RAF 3.0 | Raf Camora, The Royals | 3:02 |
| 12 | Nazarfakker Pt. 2 | | | 3:21 |
| 13 | Sprinten und Fallen (Sprinting and Falling) | | Tua | 3:01 |
| 14 | Comic-Helden aus dem Solarium (Comic Book Heroes From the Solarium) | Farid Bang & Summer Cem | Raf Camora, The Royals | 4:13 |
| 15 | Flammen über Wien Pt. 3 (Flame of Vienna Pt. 3) | Raf Camora | Veritas | 2:55 |
| 16 | Gib mir die Welt (Give Me the World) | | Raf Camora, The Royals | 3:21 |
| 17 | Outro | | Raf Camora, The Royals and Nazar | 1:26 |

## Production

The majority of the album production was by Raf Camora, The Royals and Nazar. Nazar and Camora produced the titles Meine Fans, F.O.T.U, Keinen Bock, Fakkerlifestyle, Gib mir nicht die Schuld , Comic-Helden aus dem Solarium and Gib mir die Welt together with The Royals. They received support during the Intro and Outro by Nazar, in Krankes Ego by Benno and Exibitionist by X-plosives. Another Beat was contributed by Undercover Molotov. This is the title assigned to the Farben des Lebens. The beat of Amethyst comes from Gee Futuristic and Hookbeats. Tua took over the production of Sprinten und Fallen and Flammen über Wien Pt. 3rd. Lastly, STI was responsible for the background music of Volim Te. The guitar used in it was played by Raf Camora.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 6 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 36 |
# Beck tunnel boring machine

The Beck tunnel boring machine (alternately Big Becky) was the largest tunnel boring machine in the world, when it was operated by Ontario Power Generation, from 2006 to 2011. Hydro used it to bore a deep replacement tunnel to supply water from the upper Niagara River 10.2 kilometres (6.3 mi) to the Sir Adam Beck Hydroelectric Plant. The tunnel it bored was 14.4 metres (47 ft) in diameter.
The tunnel was delayed when Beck encountered a bed of loose material, unsuitable for boring, that required a detour.
According to Ontario Power Generation the TBM itself weighed 2000 tons. However, when its task was complete, Western Mechanical, the firm that removed Beck, described it weighing 7000 tons.
# Coopenae–Extralum

Coopenae–Extralum (UCI team code: CEE) is a Costa Rican road cycling team, founded in 2015 at domestic level. In 2016 the team acquired a UCI Continental licence.
# Sapezal

Sapezal is a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso in the Central-West Region of Brazil.
# The Last Place on Earth (film)

The Last Place on Earth is a 2002 American drama film directed by James Slocum, starring Tisha Campbell and Dana Ashbrook.

## Cast

* Tisha Campbell as Ann Field
* Dana Ashbrook as Rob Baskin
* Mitchell Anderson as Ken
* Thom Bierdz as Rich
* Matt Farnsworth as Mark
* Phyllis Diller as Mrs. Baskin
* Brock Peters as Jack Field
* Mink Stole as Support Group Leader
* Billy Dee Williams as Dr. Davis
* Edward Beimfohr as Dr. Moore
* B. Wyatt as Bill Baskin
* Anita Finlay as Kelly Baskin
* Richard Gross as Dick Mossbacher
* Alison Arngrim as Party Toast
* Mark Consuelos as Party Toast
* William Frederick Knight as Support Group
* Jack Ong as Support Group

## Reception

TV Guide called the film "satisfyingly sentimental" and wrote that the cast "keeps the weepy sentimentality in check." Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times wrote that the Campbell and Ashbrook are "entirely winning in a picture wise enough to acknowledge that true love never runs smoothly." Dan Lybarger of The Kansas City Star called the film a "noble attempt" and praised the cinematography, writing that "If the people strolling through the landscape were half as interesting, this would have made a great movie."
Robert K. Elder of the Chicago Tribune wrote that the film has "too much going on, with too little focus." Robert Koehler of Variety criticised the "contrived" and "confused" third act, the use of cliches, the "weak" supporting performances and the lack of chemistry between Campbell and Ashbrook. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune gave the film a rating of "D+" and called the film a "false and utterly forced love story that either tries way too hard or way too little."
# Putting Things Straight

Putting Things Straight (German title: Ich räume auf) is a 1979 film directed and written by Georg Brintrup. It was shot in 16 mm film and was the director's first television release. The script is based on a polemic printed in 1925 ("Ich räume auf - Meine Anklage gegen meine Verleger") by the Jewish German poet Else Lasker-Schüler, the principal woman representative of German Expressionism.

## Premise

The film describes a dispute between poet Else Lasker-Schüler and her publishers. The film takes place in Berlin before, during and after World War I. It deals with the rights of the author; quoting from Karl Marx: "a writer is judged as productive not on the amount of ideas he produces, but on the amount of money his publisher is able to profit from his works."

## Cast

* Gisela Stein – Else Lasker-Schüler
* Frank Burkner – Paul Cassirer
* Hanns Zischler – Alfred Flechtheim
* Ulrich Gregor – Kurt Wolff
* Hans Christoph Buch – Franz Werfel
* Harun Farocki – Friend of Flechtheim

## Production

The film was first broadcast on 23 December 1979, by Westdeutscher Rundfunk. It was then shown at the 1980 International Film Festival Rotterdam.
# Kate Manicom

Kate Zilpah Manicom (11 March 1893 – 27 October 1937) was a British suffragette and trade unionist.

## Life

Manicom was born on 11 March 1893 in the St Pancras area of London, Manicom attended Southfields Girls' School. From 1911, she was active in the women's suffrage movement. She was associated with Sylvia Pankhurst, and worked with the East London Federation of Suffragettes. She also joined the Labour Party and the Workers' Union, for which she worked as an organiser from 1917. In this position, she recruited women workers across the country and played a key role in the strike of Pearl Assurance workers.
The Representation of the People Act 1918 only enfranchised women over thirty, and Manicom was a leading campaigner to extend the franchise to women on the same basis as it applied to men. When the Workers' Union became part of the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU), she became a London District Organiser. She also served on the Trades Union Congress Women's Advisory Committee and the Standing Joint Committee of Industrial Women's Organisations. She also attended the 1921 International Congress of Working Women, and was a delegate to the International Labour Organization.
From 1924, Manicom worked as a postal clerk, although she remained active in the trade union movement. She died on 27 October 1937.
# Coleophora bornicensis

Coleophora bornicensis is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found in Germany and Turkey.
The larvae feed on the flowers of Tanacetum vulgare.
# The Story of Ireland

The Story of Ireland is a five-part documentary series examining the history of Ireland and its impact on the wider world. Over the course of the programmes, Fergal Keane travels across three continents, tracing the events, the people and the influences that shaped modern Ireland. The first episode aired on 20 February 2011.

## Episodes
### Episode One: The Age of Invasions

The series aims to explore Irish history using the historical facts and evidence while charting the origin and impact of the numerous myths that have been passed off as history in the past. Key to this approach is relating developments in Ireland to events and changes in Europe and the world at large as the centuries progress.
Areas discussed in the opening episode include the impact of early Christianity and monasticism in Ireland; the birth of Ireland's potent literary culture; the unique law tracts created by Irish lawyers that afford us remarkable insights into the day-to-day lives and habits of ordinary people nearly 1500 years ago.

### Episode Two: The Age of Conquest

As the English set foot in Ireland, there began 800 years of British rule. This episode examines the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland and the huge upheavals and changes taking place across Europe at the time.

### Episode Three: The Age of Revolution

Spanning the Ulster Plantation to the Act of Union, this is an era that sees Ireland take centre stage in a much wider European conflict. This episode will also investigate Gaelic life and culture during the eighteenth century through poetry, music and the rise of a Roman Catholic middle class.

### Episode Four: The Age of Union

A new area for exploration is Ireland's role in the British Empire - both in terms of military service - Irish regiments holding the Punjab for example, and in terms of intriguing Irish governors and political men posted in various corners of the British Empire.

### Episode Five: The Age of Nations

The Boer War is of much forgotten significance to the Irish story in the early 20th century. A strong theme in the programme is the exploration of Irish nationalism, the welding together of culture, physical force and blood sacrifice, from Patrick Pearse, Connolly and Larkin right through to the beginning of the period known as 'The Troubles' in Northern Ireland.
And also the opening up of the 60s under Seán Lemass brought in a new era of economic openness in the south and its eventual membership of the EEC. There is a look at some key moments in The Troubles.
# Fakkah Fuzz

Muhammad Fadzri Abdul Rashid (born 19 September 1986), professionally known as Fakkah Fuzz, is a Singaporean stand-up comedian and television personality.
On January 26, 2018, his Netflix stand-up comedy special Almost Banned was released worldwide.

## Early life and career

Fadzri was born on 19 September 1986 in Singapore and had his secondary education in Malaysia and did his Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia. He went back to Singapore and did his National Service.
He had previously worked as a waiter for Paddock Club before working at Far East Plaza as a cleaner. He later formed a band and would talk to the audience in between songs, eventually hosting events for local bands. He later worked at a stand-up comedy venue after realising that he had a talent for stand-up.

## Stand-up career

In 2016, Fadzri was criticized for a joke he made about Malaysia's Prime Minister, then-Najib Razak, comparing him to a thief. Fadzri apologized for the joke. He also joined hip-hop collective Grizzle Grind Crew, founded by ShiGGa Shay, and was featured in one of his songs.
On January 26, 2018, his Netflix stand-up comedy special Almost Banned was released worldwide, becoming the first Singaporean to have a Netflix stand-up special. In 2023, he released his second comedy special, Too Real, also on Netflix.
In 2024, Fadzri went on a tour in Melbourne, Australia. He held a show on 3 August at the Esplanade Theatre and performed under Fadzri Rashid, stating that he would be retiring the stage name Fakkah Fuzz.
# Beating Heart (TV series)

Beating Heart (Korean: 떨리는 가슴; RR: Tteollineun Gaseum; also known as Six Love Stories) is a South Korean television drama series, produced by MBC and broadcast in 2005. The series consists of six two-part stories, with each story having its own team of writer and director. It focuses on the lives of a typical Korean family, examining the relationships between the four main characters, their romantic interests, and other family members, while answering the question "When did you feel your heart beating the hardest?"
In 2006, the series was broadcast by the KBFD network in Hawaii as My Trembling Heart. It has also been released on DVD in South Korea and Japan.

## Cast
### Main characters

* Bae Doona as Bae Doona
* Bae Jong-ok as Bae Jong-ok
* Kim Chang-wan as Kim Chang-wan
* Go Ah-sung as Kim Bo-mi

### Supporting characters

* Kim Dong-wan as Kang Sung-jae (episodes 1-2)
* Shin Sung-woo as Jung Nam-soo (episodes 1-4)
* Harisu as Kim Chang-ho/Kim Hae-jung (episodes 3–4, 9 & 12)
* Kim Hak-joon as Chan (episodes 5-6)
* Yoo Hye-jung as Chan's mother (episodes 5-6)
* Choi Kang-hee as Oh Soo-kyung (episodes 7-8)
* Choi Jung-won as Jung-hyun (episodes 7-8)
* Ji Sung as Kim Woo-jin/Seok-jin (episodes 9-10)
* Kim Soo-mi as Mae-shim (episodes 11-12)
* Baek Il-seob as Mae-shim's partner (episodes 11-12)
* Choi Soo-han

## Airdates

| Episode # | Title | South Korea (MBC) | Hawaii, USA (KBFD) |
| 1 | Love | April 2, 2005 | February 6, 2006 |
| 2 | Love | April 3, 2005 | February 7, 2006 |
| 3 | Joy | April 9, 2005 | February 13, 2006 |
| 4 | Joy | April 10, 2005 | February 14, 2006 |
| 5 | Sorrow | April 16, 2005 | February 20, 2006 |
| 6 | Sorrow | April 17, 2005 | February 21, 2006 |
| 7 | Hope | April 23, 2005 | February 27, 2006 |
| 8 | Hope | April 24, 2005 | February 28, 2006 |
| 9 | Outing | April 30, 2005 | March 6, 2006 |
| 10 | Outing | May 1, 2005 | March 7, 2006 |
| 11 | Happiness | May 7, 2005 | March 13, 2006 |
| 12 | Happiness | May 8, 2005 | March 14, 2006 |
# Strejești

Strejești is a commune in Olt County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Colibași, Mamura, Strejești and Strejeștii de Sus.
# Diplolepis nodulosa

Diplolepis nodulosa, also known as the rose-stem gall wasp, is a species of cynipid wasp that induces bud galls on wild roses in North America. This galls induced by this species have a number of inquilines and parasitoids. D. nodulosa is assigned to a clade of Nearctic stem gallers within Diplolepis along with Diplolepis californica, Diplolepis oregonesis, Diplolepis spinosa, and Diplolepis triforma.
# Kathy Chan

Kathy Chan (陳凱英) is an American entrepreneur and investor. From 2007 to 2010, Chan worked at Facebook, where she focused on corporate communications and marketing. In 2010, she co-founded investment firm 137 Ventures. In August 2014, she became an operating partner at Khosla Ventures.
Earlier in her career, Chan was involved in U.S. politics. During the 2006 election cycle, she served as deputy campaign manager and interim political committee director for Senator Bob Casey Jr. Previously, she was the director of operations for John Kerry’s 2004 presidential campaign in Pennsylvania.
Chan currently serves as a senior advisor to South by Southwest (SXSW).
# Coleotechnites gibsonella

Coleotechnites gibsonella (common juniper leafminer) is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in the north-eastern parts of the United States and Canada. The type specimen was found in Hull, Quebec in 1905 by Arthur Gibson.
The wingspan is about 11 mm. The forewings are white, shaded with yellowish at the apex and crossed by three oblique dark brown bands. The hindwings are yellowish-gray. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Juniperus communis. Young caterpillars mine or hollow the needles of their host at the ends of shoots and tie the dead needles together with silk. In fall, it lines the center of the bundle with silk to make a chamber where it spends the winter. In spring, the caterpillar moves to new terminal growth, again binding hollowed needles together with silk.
# Fakići

Fakići (Cyrillic: Факићи) is a village in the municipality of Donji Vakuf, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 10, all Croats.
# Rhythm, Sound and Movement

Rhythm, Sound and Movement is a remix album released in 2009 by the New Zealand electronica duo, Pitch Black.

## Track listing

* 1000 Mile Drift (International Observer rmx)
* Transient Transmissions (Deep Fried Dub rmx)
* Rude Mechanicals (Mistrust rmx)
* Bird Soul (Fold vs. Horace rmx)
* Bird Soul (Subtone rmx)
* Sonic Colonic (Patch rmx)
* South of the line (Bluetech rmx)
* Harmonia (Neon Stereo rmx)
* Please Leave Quietly (Johnny Hooves rmx)
* Bird Soul (Kerretta rmx)
* 1000 Mile Drift (Simon Flower rmx)
* Harmonia (Rob rmx)
* Fragile Ladders (Groove Yantra rmx)
* Please Leave Quietly (Friends Electric rmx)
* This 2000s electronic music album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Storo Storsenter

Storo Storsenter is a shopping centre at Storo in Oslo, Norway. In 2002, it had a turnover of 1,092 billion kr. It is now under full-scale renovation and expansion, and now has 120 stores, including local and international chains. It also has a number of restaurants, banks and hair dressers. Storo Storsenter is owned by Olav Thon Eiendomsselskap. It is located beside Ring 3 and Storo Station on the Oslo T-bane and Oslo Tramway.