OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Daud Haider

Daud Haider is a Bangladeshi poet who was forced into exile after writing a poem that "insulted" religion including Islam. American Center, International PEN have described him as "distinguished poet".

## Early life

Haider was born on 21 February 1952 at Dohar of Pabna district.

## Career

His poem style has been described as more focused on "feeling of the masses". He was the literary editor of the Dainik Sambad based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He wrote a poem criticizing religion. His was physically attacked for his works. He was imprisoned by the government of Bangladesh. President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was blamed for forcing him into exile. His ancestral house was destroyed by arson and one of his relatives was killed. He moved to exile in Kolkata, India before moving to Berlin, Germany.

## Personal life

Haider is an atheist.

## Awards

* "The best poem of Asia" from the London-based Poetry Society award in 1973.
# Tartu GP

The Tartu GP was a one-day road cycling race in Tartu, Estonia. It was first run in 2001 and became part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 1.1 event in 2005. The most successful rider was Jaan Kirsipuu with three consecutive victories. The race was discontinued in 2012 and has instead been run as the final stage of the Tour of Estonia since that race's inception in 2013.

## Past winners

| Year | Country | Rider | Team |
| 2001 | Estonia | Jaan Kirsipuu | AG2R Prévoyance |
| 2002 | Estonia | Jaan Kirsipuu | AG2R Prévoyance |
| 2003 | Estonia | Jaan Kirsipuu | AG2R Prévoyance |
| 2004 | Ireland | Mark Scanlon | AG2R Prévoyance |
| 2005 | Lithuania | Tomas Vaitkus | AG2R Prévoyance |
| 2006 | Poland | Wojciech Pawłak | Knauf Team |
| 2007 | Estonia | Erki Pütsep | Bouygues Télécom |
| 2008 | Latvia | Aleksejs Saramotins | Rietumu Bank-Riga |
| 2009 | Germany | Hannes Blank | Continental Team Differdange |
| 2010 | Estonia | Tanel Kangert | Estonia (national team) |
| 2011 | France | Jean-Eudes Demaret | Cofidis |
| 2012 | Estonia | Rene Mandri | Endura Racing |
# Daspoort Tunnel

The Ollie Deneyschen Tunnel, usually called the Daspoort Tunnel is a road tunnel in Pretoria, South Africa. It connects the suburbs of Claremont and Danville. It was constructed after Pretoria City Councillor A.P. Deneyschen noticed that Iscor workers living in Hercules were forced to travel a long distance to work. Construction of the tunnel took 40 months, and cost R1.7 million. It was opened on 10 August 1972 by Mayor of Pretoria GJ Malherbe. It has a length of 573 m, width of 11.6 m, a height of 7.5 m in the middle and 13.6 m at the ends, and has a capacity of 6000 vehicles a day. The tunnel lies on the R55 regional route.
# Dasrath Tirkey

Dasrath Tirkey was a member of the All India Trinamool Congress and won the 2014 Indian general elections from the Alipurduars (Lok Sabha constituency). In 2019, he lost the election.
Three Left Front MLAs, Dasarath Tirkey and Ananta Deb Adhikari of RSP(I) and Sunil Mandal of All India Forward Bloc joined TMC in February 2014. He joined Bhartiya Janata Party in 2020.
While in RSP, Dasrath Tirkey was MLA for three consecutive terms in 2001, 2006 and 2011 elections, from Kumargram assembly seat. He was elected M.P. before he completed his last term as MLA.
# European Storm Forecast Experiment

The European Storm Forecast Experiment, known as ESTOFEX, is an initiative of a team of European meteorologists, and students in meteorology founded in 2002. It serves as a platform for exchange of knowledge about forecasting severe convective storms in Europe and elsewhere. It is a voluntary organisation and is currently unfunded. It aims to raise awareness and provide real-time education about severe weather forecasting. ESTOFEX issues storm warnings on a daily basis. It also collects reports from the general public about severe convective weather incidents in order to validate its forecasts. Reports should be submitted to the European Severe Weather Database (ESWD).
ESTOFEX forecasts are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 license.
Its definitions of severe convective weather phenomena are one or several of the following :
severe:
* hail with a diameter of at least 2.0 cm (0.8 in),
* tornado,
* wind gusts with a speed of at least 25 m/s (49 kn),
* excessive rainfall of at least 60 mm (2.4 in).
extremely severe :
* hail with a diameter of at least 5.0 cm (2.0 in),
* wind gusts with a speed of at least 33 m/s (64 kn),
* a tornado of F2 intensity or higher on the Fujita scale.
As an organization that is more focused on operational meteorology, i.e. weather forecasting, ESTOFEX functions somewhat as a counterpart to the US Storm Prediction Center (SPC). The research oriented correlate is the European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL) which itself is modeled somewhat after the US National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), with both US counterparts enjoying stronger institutional support as long-time governmental entities.
# Mthuli Ncube

Mthuli Ncube (born 30 November 1964), is the Finance Minister in the Zimbabwe cabinet appointed by president Emmerson Mnangagwa and past chief economist and Vice President of the African Development Bank. He holds a PhD in Mathematical Finance from Cambridge University. On 7 September 2018, President Emmerson Mnangagwa announced Zimbabwe's new cabinet where he named Professor Mthuli Ncube as the Finance Minister.
In the 2023 Zimbabwean general election, Ncube lost the newly created seat of Cowdray Park to Pasho Raphael Sibanda from the Citizens Coalition for Change.

## Academic career

Before joining the bank, he was dean and professor of finance at Wits Business School and then dean of the faculty of Commerce, Law and Management at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) as well as a lecturer in finance at the London School of Economics.
He has published a number of award-winning papers in the area of finance and economics as well as a number of books including, Mathematical Finance: Option and Asset Pricing; South African Dictionary of Finance (editor); Financial Systems and Monetary Policy in Africa; Development Dynamics: Theories and Lessons from Zimbabwe; and Monetary Policy and the Economy in South Africa (with Eliphas Ndou).
Ncube is currently a visiting professor at the University of Oxford.

## Work at the African Development Bank

Ncube was the Chief Economist and Vice President of the African Development Bank (AfDB). As Chief Economist, he oversaw the Economics Complex, which is focused on the process of knowledge management within the Bank and with its partners, and general strategic economic research within the Bank. In this regard, he supervised the Development Research Department, Statistics Department and African Development Institute. As a vice president, Professor Mthuli Ncube was a member of the senior management team of the Bank and contributed to its general strategic direction.

## Other work

Ncube was also a regulator and a board member of the South African Financial Services Board (FSB), which regulates non-bank financial institutions in South Africa, founding chairman of Barbican and Selwyn Capital and worked for Investec Asset Management as a Portfolio Manager and Head of Asset Allocation Strategy.
Ncube has also been chairman of the Board of the African Economic Research Consortium, chairman of the Global Agenda Council on "Poverty and Economic Development" (World Economic Forum) and a governor of the African Capacity Building Foundation.

## Finance Minister

Ncube was appointed Finance Minister of Zimbabwe on Friday 7 September 2018 under President Emmerson Mnangagwa's government. In 2019, he presided over the conversion from foreign currency to a new Zimbabwean currency, and the resultant return of hyper-inflation. Ncube suspended publishing inflation data after June 2019, and in October 2019 he indicated inflation figures for Zimbabwe would again be released in February 2020.

## Personal life

Ncube is married and has four children or more.
# Stanislas Bizot

Stanislas Bizot (December 22, 1879 in Nice – June 2, 1950) was a French draughts champion who debuted in 1901. He won the Draughts World Championship in 1925. In the following year he lost to Marius Fabre.
# Pierce Lewis

Pierce Lewis (11 April 1664 – May 1699) was a Welsh cleric who helped to "correct" the 1690 edition of the Welsh Bible.
Lewis was born to Pierce and Elizabeth Lewis, who lived on Anglesey in North Wales. His father was the registrar of the Diocese of Bangor. In 1684, Lewis matriculated at Jesus College, Oxford, and obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1684. He appears to have stayed in Oxford to supervise the production of the Bible associated with his relative William Lloyd, who was Bishop of St Asaph at the time. This edition was not well received. He then obtained the living of Llanfachraeth, Anglesey in 1690, becoming vicar of Bangor in 1693 and rector of Llanfairfechan in 1698. He died in Ruthin in May 1699.
# Phyllobacterium

Phyllobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic bacteria.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis.
# Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense

Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense is a Gram-negative bacteria from the genus of Phyllobacterium which was isolated from root nodules from the plants Astragalus algerianus and Lathyrus numidicus.
# Phyllobacterium endophyticum

Phyllobacterium endophyticum is a bacterium from the genus of Phyllobacterium which was isolated from a nodule of the plant Phaseolus vulgaris in Northern Spain.
# Pie Magazine

PIE Magazine is a Canadian luxury lifestyle magazine that considers itself a "book-o-zine". It is released three times each year and is produced in Barrie, Ontario.

## History and profile

PIE Magazine was founded in 2009. Each issue features original editorial content covering lifestyle, personalities, profiles, entertainment, travel, sports, automobiles, fashion, music, arts, politics, leisure, local highlights, home design and wellness.
The editor-in-chief of PIE Magazine is Sandra Roberts. She is also the publisher and C.E.O of the magazine. Roberts is also the editor-in-chief of Imago zine Inc., parent company of PIE magazine, as well as being a fashion stylist and creative director.
The magazine has several contributors, and is distributed through Disticor direct and available at Chapters, Indigo, various hotspots, events, tradeshows and major bookstores throughout Ontario.
# Phyllonorycter brachylaenae

Phyllonorycter brachylaenae is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from South Africa. The habitat consists of understory vegetation in secondary forests.
The length of the forewings is 3.06–3.33 mm. Adults are on wing from early March to mid-May and from late June to late October.
The larvae feed on Brachylaena discolor and Brachylaena rotundata. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft

Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft (Dutch pronunciation:; 16 March 1581 – 21 May 1647) - Knight in the Order of Saint Michael - was a Dutch historian, poet and playwright who lived during the Dutch Golden Age in literature.

## Life

Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, often abbreviated to P.C. Hooft (pronounced), was born in Amsterdam as scion of the patrician Hooft family and son of burgomaster (mayor) Cornelis Hooft. He was also uncle to statesmen and burgomasters Cornelis and Andries de Graeff.
In 1598, in preparation for his career as a merchant, his father sent him to France and Italy, but Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft was more interested in art and was deeply impressed by the Italian Renaissance.
In 1609, he was appointed bailiff of Muiden and the Gooiland. He founded the Muiderkring, a literary society located at his home, the Muiderslot, the castle of Muiden, in which he got to live due to his appointment as sheriff of Muiden. Among the members were the poets and playwrights Constantijn Huygens, Maria Tesselschade, G.A. Bredero and Joost van den Vondel, as well as the Portuguese singer Francisca Duarte. Hooft, Bredero, and Vondel were also founders of the First Nederduytsche Academy.

## Work

Hooft was a prolific writer of plays, poems and letters, but from 1618 onwards he concentrated on writing a history of the Netherlands (Nederduytsche Historiën), inspired by Roman historian Tacitus. His focus was primarily on the Eighty Years' War between the Netherlands and Spain and though he tried to be as impartial as possible, he did succeed.
As a poet, he was influenced by his Renaissance contemporaries in France and Italy.

### Plays

* Geeraerdt van Velsen ( 1613)
* Achilles en Polyxena (1614)
* Theseus en Ariane (1614)
* Granida (1615)
* Warenar (1616)
* Baeto, oft oorsprong der Holanderen (1626)

### Poems

* Emblemata amatoria: afbeeldingen van minne (1611)

### History

* Nederduytsche Historiën (1642-1656)

## Present-day legacy

In present-day Amsterdam, Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft gives his name to P.C. Hooftstraat, the city's main destination for expensive designer clothes shopping. The south-western end of P. C. Hooftstraat runs into the city's main park, the Vondelpark, named for his friend Joost van den Vondel (see Life above). In many other Dutch cities, there are other streets named after Hooft, many of them also called P. C. Hooftstraat or Pieter C. Hooftstraat.
In 1947, 300 years after P.C. Hooft died in The Hague, a literary prize in his name was instituted by the Dutch government. An independent foundation annually awards the prize. Initially it was awarded for specific works, but in recent years it is awarded based on the entire collection of a writer.

## Gallery

* Sculpture of P.C. Hooft in the castle Muiderslot
* Sculptor Frits Sieger with bust of P.C. Hooft. Amsterdam; 22 March 1947
* Gable stone of P.C. Hooft above his former house.Eduard Colinet, 1881
# Pierre Dagher

Pierre Dagher (born April 23, 1963) is a Lebanese actor.

## Filmography
### Film

* One Day I'll Leave - Mazen. 2015
* 33 Days - Avi. 2012
* Damascus Time

### Television

* Qiyamat Al Banadiq - Abu Ali Malham Qasem. 2013
* Al Ghaliboun. 2011
* Zero Degree Turn. 2007
* Khalid ibn al-Walid - Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah. 2006
* Made In Iran. 2011

### Dubbing roles

* Prophet Joseph - Jacob
# Pierre Dalle Nogare

Pierre Dalle Nogare (22 December 1934, in Paris – 1984) was a French poet, novelist and playwright. In 1970, he was awarded the Prix Guillaume-Apollinaire for Corps imaginaire published by Flammarion.

## Work
### Collection of poems

* 1957: Cellules, Gallimard
* 1962: L'autre hier, Gallimard
* 1967: Hauts-fonds, Flammarion
* 1969: Corps imaginaire, Flammarion
* 1970: Motrice, Éditions Fata Morgana [fr]

### Narrations

* 1971: La Mort assise
* 1972: Déméter

### Novel

* 1974: Le Grand temps, Éditions Julliard

### Play

* 1958: Les Gusm

### Adaptation

He is also the author of an adaptation in "modern French" of Tristan and Iseult, with a preface by Alain Bosquet and illustrated with ten original engravings on copper by Lars Bo, Gisèle Celan-Lestrange, Gérard Diaz, Donatella, Gérard Trignac [fr] et alii (Paris, Club du livre, 1985)
# Pietzschebach

The Pietzschebach is a river of Saxony, Germany. It rises in Haselbrunn, Plauen and runs into the river White Elster. It is 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long.
# Pierre Fons

Pierre Fons (16 July 1880 in Toulouse – 23 April 1917 in Cambo-les-Bains) was a French poet, novelist and essayist.

## Biography

Born from a family of scholars, he obtained a law degree in Toulouse. He contributed to many magazines in the south of France. At 23, he published a volume of elegies, L'Heure amoureuse et funéraire, foreworded by Émile Pouvillon, a work distinguished by the Académie française. Maître es Jeux at the Académie des Jeux Floraux of Toulouse, he was part of a Toulouse school under the aegis of Marc Lafargue. Author of several collections of poems but also of a series of essays published under the title Le réveil de Pallas, Fons died during the First World War at age 36.
A small part of his library has been kept at the University of Perpignan since 2018.

## Works
### Essays

* Le réveil de Pallas (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque internationale d'édition E. Sansot et Cie. 1906. p. 265..
* Le Décor du quattrocento (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque internationale d'édition E. Sansot et Cie. 1907..
* Sully Prud'homme : biographie... suivie d'opinions et d'une bibliographie (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque internationale d'édition E. Sansot et Cie. 1907. p. 48.

### Poetry

* L'Heure amoureuse et funéraire, poème (in French). Paris: Stock. 1904. p. 139.
* La Divinité quotidienne, poèmes (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque internationale d'édition E. Sansot et Cie. 1908. p. 155.

### Novel

* L'Offrande au mystère (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque internationale d'édition E. Sansot et Cie. 1911. p. 146.
# Pilatoporus

Pilatoporus is a genus of fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae.
# Pine Mountain Valley, Georgia

Pine Mountain Valley is located in Harris County, Georgia, United States. Its ZIP code is 31823.

## Geography

Pine Mountain Valley is located at 32° 47′ 55″ N, 84° 49′ 24″ W (32.798611 N, -84.823333 W). The community is located at the intersection of Georgia State Routes 116 and 354. GA-116 runs from west to east through the community, leading east 9 mi (14 km) to Shiloh and southwest 4 mi (6.4 km) to Hamilton, the Harris County seat. GA-354 runs northwest 7 mi (11 km) to the city of Pine Mountain. The community is located in the Piedmont region of the state just to the south of the Pine Mountain Range.
# Pierre d'Hozier

Pierre d'Hozier, seigneur de la Garde (July 10, 1592 – December 1, 1660), was a French genealogist.

## Life

He was born in Marseille. He belonged to the household of the Marshal de Créqui and gave him aid in his genealogical investigations.
In 1616 he entered upon some extensive researches into the genealogy of the noble families of the kingdom, in which work he was aided by his prodigious memory for dates, names and family relationships, as well as by his profound knowledge of heraldry. In 1634 he was appointed historiographer and genealogist of France, and in 1641 juge d'armes of France, an officer corresponding nearly to the Garter king-of-arms in England. In 1643 he was employed to verify the claims to nobility of the pages and equerries of the king's household.
He accumulated a large number of documents, but published comparatively little, his principal works being Recueil armorial des anciennes maisons de Bretagne (1638); Les noms, surnoms, qualitez, armes et blasons des chevaliers ct officiers de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit (1634); and the genealogies of the houses of La Rochefoucauld (1654), Bournonville (1657) and Amanze (1659).

## Death and legacy

He died in Paris on 1 December 1660. At his death his collections comprised more than 150 volumes or portfolios of documents and papers relating to the genealogy of the principal families in France.
Of his six sons, only two survived him. His eldest son, Louis Roger d'Hozier (1634–1708), succeeded him as juge d'armes, but became blind in 1675, and was obliged to surrender his office to his brother, Charles René d'Hozier.
# Pinecrest, Monroe County, Florida

Pinecrest is a ghost town in Monroe County, Florida, United States, located in the Big Cypress National Preserve, on Loop Road, approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) west of Fortymile Bend.

## History

Due to the geographic disparity between Pinecrest and the county seat in Key West, Pinecrest attracted lawless elements, as well as a population involved in pursuits related to the Everglades, such as alligator hunting, fishing, and frogging. Al Capone also allegedly owned a mansion and brothel here. The area was largely abandoned as a result of hurricane destruction and the Great Depression, but a saloon, the Gator Hook, sustained until 1977, when the National Park Service began making efforts to remove private facilities in Big Cypress.

## Geography

It is located at 25°44′49″N 80°56′24″W﻿ / ﻿25.747°N 80.94°W﻿ / 25.747; -80.94, with an elevation of 7 feet (2.1 m).
# Pink Turns to Blue

"Pink Turns to Blue" is a song by American punk rock band Hüsker Dü. Written by Grant Hart, it is the 17th track on their 1984 double album Zen Arcade. It describes a young woman who gets addicted to drugs, overdoses, and dies. The song was never released as a single, but is considered one of their best songs by Pitchfork.

## Background and composition

"Pink Turns to Blue" was written by Grant Hart and recorded in one take, as were the majority of songs on the album. The song examines the devastating effects of drug addiction. Lyrics such as "No more rope and too much dope, she's lying on the bed/Angels pacing, gently placing roses 'round her head," describe the overdose of the protagonist's friend.

## Release and reception

The song was released to critical acclaim; Bill Janovitz of Allmusic said that "Pink Turns to Blue"'s buzz saw guitar riff and three-chord chorus sounds like a meeting between the Stooges and the Beatles, or a more serious, soulful Buzzcocks. He called the melody "almost lullaby-like in its sweetness", but remarked that it is "offset by the guitar assault and the lyrics". The New York Times's Robert Palmer named it one of the three best songs on the album, along with "Standing by the Sea" and "Turn on the News", and said the three would be great cuts for any album. The Los Angeles Times's Michael Leyland praised the "haunting" melody. David Fricke of Rolling Stone called it an "icy death lament".
Pitchfork named "Pink Turns to Blue" one of the 500 best songs in the history of punk rock. In its countdown of the 200 best songs of the 1980s, Treble magazine ranked the song #143. Treble's Chris Karman justified the ranking by noting that the song "is the perfect encapsulation of what made Hüsker Dü stand out from their peers." By being "one of (the) first bands to truly mix hardcore's serrated riffs with pop song smarts, Hüsker Dü essentially provided a blueprint for pop-punk's evolution." He criticized the recording as being "a little thin, but everything else about it, right down to its melancholic tone, is practically a perfect prediction of the approach that would be adopted by many early '90s alternative bands." Toby Creswell said "Pink Turns to Blue" was one of the 1001 greatest songs ever recorded. German post-punk band Pink Turns Blue was named after the song.

## Other versions

In 1993, "Pink Turns to Blue" was covered by The Blue Up? on Du Huskers: The Twin Cities Replays Zen Arcade. Richmond Fontaine covered the song on their 2006 album Obliteration by Time. The song was included on the compilation CD Gimme Indie Rock, Vol. 1. In 2023, Shinyribs included a cover of "Pink Turns to Blue" on their album Transit Damage.
# Piotr Karasinski

Piotr Karasinski is a pioneering quantitative analyst, best known for the Black–Karasinski short-rate model which he co-developed with the late Fischer Black. His contributions to quantitative finance include models for interest rates, equity and hybrid products and random volatility.
He is currently Director of Client Solutions at AlgoDynamix (from 2020) and Managing Director at Karasinski Consulting (from 2021). He is on the editorial board of the journal, Quantitative Finance.
Previously, he has held a number of positions at leading firms in New York and London including: Managing Director at HSBC, Director and Head Derivatives Research at Citibank, MD at Chemical Bank, Director at Deutsche Bank and Vice President at Goldman Sachs. He has also served as Senior Advisor at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. In a recent review The Black-Karasinski Model: Thirty Years On celebrating the thirty-year anniversary of publication of his seminal paper, he looks back at his early career.
He studied physics at Warsaw University (MSc 1978) and earned his PhD at Yale University (1984).