OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1997 in Zaire

The following lists events that happened during 1997 in Zaire.

## Incumbents

* President: Mobutu Sese Seko
* Prime Minister: Léon Kengo wa Dondo – Étienne Tshisekedi – Likulia Bolongo

## Events

| Date | event |
| | Sizarail is dissolved and all operations are taken over by the Société nationale des chemins de fer du Congo (SNCC). |
| 18 February | United Nations Security Council Resolution 1097 is adopted unanimously, in which the Council endorsed a five-point peace plan to address the situation in eastern Zaire. |
| 29 March | Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu (Sominki) is put into liquidation. |
| 16 May | Donatien Mahele Lieko Bokungu, army chief of staff, is killed by Mobutu loyalists. |
| 16 May | First Congo War concludes when forces under Laurent-Désiré Kabila enter Kinshasa |
| 17 May | Zaire is renamed Democratic Republic of the Congo. Bank of Zaire becomes Central Bank of the Congo |
# Bettina Renz

Bettina Renz is a German political scientist and Professor of International Security at the School of Politics and International Relations, University of Nottingham. Her major research expertise is post-Soviet Russian security and defence policy, military reform and civil-military relations. Since 2005, Renz has published numerous articles in academic journals describing the background and effects of changes in contemporary Russia's military. She is an editorial board member of the United States Army War College Press.

## Education

After receiving her MA and MSc in Russian Studies at the University of Edinburgh, Renz went to Centre for Russian and East European Studies, University of Birmingham in 1999 for PhD, which dealt with Russian civil-military relations. She completed her PhD in 2005. In 2006, she was an ESRC Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Birmingham's European Research Institute.

## Academic career

Renz lectured in Defence Studies at King's College London (Royal Air Force College) before being appointed to her current post in 2007. She is a graduate of the King's Institute for Learning and Teaching and is a fellow of the Higher Education Academy. Her teaching interests are in the broad areas of international security and strategic studies.
In 2008, she was the personal tutor of Rizwaan Sabir, a 22-year-old MA student who downloaded al-Qaida-related material for dissertation’s research, and said to the BBC that the police action was a threat to academic freedom.
Renz has previously worked with, guest lectured, or disseminated research findings at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, the Royal College of Defence Studies, the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Swedish Defence Research Agency, the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, the Finnish National Defence Academy, and the NATO Defence College in Rome.
During the academic year 2016/17, Renz worked as a Senior Researcher at the University of Helsinki’s Aleksanteri Institute on a project financed by the Finnish government.
In spring 2020, she was a distinguished visiting professor at the Canadian Forces College.
From October 2019 to September 2022, her research with Sarah Whitmore at Oxford Brookes University entitled 'What kind of military does Ukraine want and need? Assessing the importance of strategic and political context for military reforms' was funded by the British Academy.

## Publications
### Books

* Russia's Military Revival (2018)
* Russia and Hybrid Warfare-going beyond the Label (2016), with Hanna Smith
* Securitising Russia: The Domestic Politics of Vladimir Putin (2006), with Edwin Bacon and Julian Cooper

### Selected articles

* Renz, B. (2016) Russia and ‘Hybrid Warfare’, Contemporary Politics, 22:3, 283–300.
* Sinovets, P. A., & Renz, B. (2015). Russia's 2014 Military Doctrine and beyond: Threat Perceptions, Capabilities and Ambitions. NATO Defense College.
* Renz, B. (2006) Putin's Militocracy? An Alternative Interpretation of Siloviki in Contemporary Russian Politics, Europe-Asia Studies, 58:6, 903-924
# Svarfaðardalur

Svarfaðardalur (Icelandic pronunciation: , "Svörfuður's valley") is a large valley in central north Iceland. It is a part of the Dalvíkurbyggð municipality. The Svarfaðardalsá River flows along the valley, having its mouth near to the town of Dalvík. About 10 km from the sea the valley splits in two. The eastern one is called Skíðadalur and it keeps the main direction of the valley to the southwest, while the other one keeps the name Svarfaðardalur. Numerous small valleys branch off from the main valleys in between the mountains. There are small glaciers in many of in these valleys. The largest glacier is Gljúfurárjökull, which is at the bottom of Skíðadalur a prominent landmark for the whole settlement. The mountains surrounding Svarfaðardalur are high and steep, with many peaks between 1000-1400 m high. The highest mountains are in Skíðdalur, the highest one is Dýjafjallshnjúkur, 1456 m.
# Cozad Singers

The Cozad Singers are a Kiowa drum group from Anadarko, Oklahoma. The group was founded by Leonard Cozad, Sr. in the 1930s, and consists of Leonard, his sons, grandsons, and other members of the family. Cozad, as they are commonly known, are southern style pow-wow and gourd drum, and have released several albums. They performed on the 2001 Grammy Award for Best Native American Music Album winning Gathering of Nations Pow Wow album, along with 15 other drum groups. Their most recent album, California Pow Wow, was released by SOAR Records in June, 2004, and won the 2005 Native American Music Award for Best Historical Recording.
Cozad won the 1994, 1995, 2000, 2003 & 2010 Southern Challenge drum championship at the Gathering of Nations pow-wow in Albuquerque, New Mexico. They are often the host southern drum at large powwows, including the 1996 Stanford University Powwow and the inaugural National Museum of the American Indian pow-wow in Washington, D.C. in 2002.
Their songs are available on Pow Wow Radio.
# Seattle Privacy Coalition

The Seattle Privacy Coalition or SPC was a group of personal privacy and government transparency activists based in Seattle, Washington. The organization formed in March 2013 in response to the Seattle Police Department's aerial drone and surveillance controversies, and later registered as a Washington state nonprofit corporation in December 2014.

## History
### 2013

SPC announced its formation on April 15, 2013. The founding members, as listed on the organization's website, included:
* Jacob Appelbaum
* Jan Bultmann
* Lee Colleton
* Phil Mocek
* David Robinson
* Allegra Searle-LeBel
In August 2013, members of SPC were interviewed on KEXP FM's "Mind Over Matters: Community Forum" to discuss the formation of SPC and the City of Seattle's surveillance cameras that are owned and operated by the Seattle Police Department but funded by the Department of Homeland Security.
In November 2013, a member of SPC was interviewed by The Stranger (newspaper) about privacy policy and government oversight in Seattle following increased public awareness about the Seattle Police Department's wireless mesh network in the downtown corridor.

### 2014

In March 2014, members of SPC testified in a Seattle City Light review panel meeting about smart meter privacy risks and security vulnerabilities. Also in March, a member of SPC testified to the Washington State House Committee on Public Safety concerning technology-enhanced government surveillance.
In July 2014, a member of SPC informed the Seattle Police Department about another active node in the SPD's mesh network, something SPD promised the City of Seattle would not happen in November 2013.
In August 2014, the Community Technology Advisory Board responded to SPC's proposal to the City Council for a Chief Privacy Officer and staff for a Privacy Board. CTAB did not endorse the budget or proposal and instead decided to support a formal privacy review process.
In September 2014, members of SPC were interviewed on KEXP FM's "Mind Over Matters: Community Forum" to discuss how federal grants end up affecting municipal privacy.

### 2015

In April 2015, a member of SPC spoke in a televised Seattle Channel discussion titled "Privacy Politics" which looked at the balance between open government and data privacy.
In August 2015, a member of SPC discovered new surveillance cameras in Seattle and was later interviewed by several local news organizations including King 5 News and Kiro 7 News about the lack of transparency when setting up these cameras and concerns for privacy invasion. SPC further discovered that the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives had deployed the surveillance cameras.
In September 2015, a member of SPC was interviewed by Crosscut.com in an article about a new wireless tracking network deployed by the Seattle Department of Transportation. A member of SPC brought attention to the issue at the Community Technology Advisory Board.
# Ettridge Collection

The Ettridge Collection is a collection of trade literature relating to domestic appliances which was donated to the British Library by Ian Ettridge in 1997. Ettridge worked at domestic appliance manufacturers such as Electrolux, Hotpoint, Morphy Richards, Moulinex and Swan for over 45 years before his retirement.
The collection, held in the Library's Business & IP Centre, includes:
* Company brochures.
* Design manuals.
* Product samples.
* Ettridge's own technical drawings.
# Drawing Hands

Drawing Hands is a lithograph by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher first printed in January 1948. It depicts a sheet of paper, out of which two hands rise, in the paradoxical act of drawing one another into existence. This is one of the most obvious examples of Escher's common use of paradox.
It is referenced in the book Gödel, Escher, Bach, by Douglas Hofstadter, who calls it an example of a strange loop. It is used in Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman as an allegory for the eval and apply functions of programming language interpreters in computer science, which feed each other.
Drawing Hands has been referenced and copied many times by artists in different ways. In tech culture, robot hands draw or build each other, or a human hand and robot hand draw each other.
# Cordyla richardii

Cordyla richardii is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae.
It is native to Sudan, South Sudan, and Uganda.
# Thomas J. McCarthy

Thomas J. McCarthy (born February 20, 1956) is an American born researcher, Professor of Polymer Science and Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

## Biography

Thomas 'Tom' McCarthy was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts on February 20, 1956. His father, James (Jim), was a draftsman and later a manager at the General Electric Company. His mother, Helen, was a nurse and later a high school English teacher. Tom was educated in the Pittsfield public school system and graduated from Pittsfield High School and Pittsfield Community Music School in 1974. He studied chemistry at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst (UMass Amherst), earning his B.S. in 1978, and organic chemistry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, earning his Ph.D. in 1982. His undergraduate and graduate advisors were C. Peter Lillya and George M. Whitesides. He has been a faculty member in the polymer science and engineering department at UMass Amherst since 1982 and was promoted to associate professor in 1986 and professor in 1991. He served as department head from 2000-2003. Since 2006 he has been a guest professor at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry and has taught there each semester since 2005.

## Publications

He has published 152 peer-reviewed papers, and has been awarded 10 U.S. patents. His earliest papers were on organic chemistry; subsequently, they were mostly on polymer and surface chemistry. His most cited paper, written jointly with Didem Öner, is "Ultrahydrophobic Surfaces. Effects of Topography Length Scales on Wettability" (Langmuir, 2000, 16 (20), pp 7777–7782, DOI: 10.1021/la000598o which has received 1224 citations according to Google Scholar In all, 59 of his papers have had 60 or more citations.

## Notable students

* Catherine Coleman
* Anthony J. Dias
* Molly Shoichet
# Pleocoma bicolor

Pleocoma bicolor is a species of rain beetle in the family Pleocomidae. It is found in western North America.
# Kenjo Janković

Kenjo Stankov Janković (Serbian cyrillic: Кењо Станков Јанковић; 1797 in Ceklin – 12 May 1861 in Ceklin) was a Montenegrin warrior and military leader. Janković is most notable for leading a small band of Montenegrin rebels which captured the Ottoman-occupied town of Žabljak Crnojevića on two occasions, in 1835 and 1852.

## Biography

Janković was born in 1797 in the village of Rvaši in Ceklin, to father Stanko and mother Bistra. He was a Montenegrin rebel and military leader of the Montenegrin Ceklin clan, which faced constant clashes with nearby Ottoman Sanjak of Scutari, first taking up arms at the age of 17, and continuing his guerilla activity until the end of his life. His most notable achievements were two successful invasions of the fortified town of Žabljak Crnojevića, which his company occupied in 1835 and 1852. For his achievements he was decorated with the Obilić medal, the highest military decoration in Montenegro at the time.

## Legacy

Janković was buried in his home village of Rvaši, where Prince Nikola I erected a monument to his memory in 1874. Monument to Janković and other rebels who liberated Žabljak Crnojevića on two occasions was erected in the town.
# Bettina Popp

Bettina Popp (born 6 September 1957) is a German former track and field sprinter who competed in the 400 metres. Her personal best of 51.62 seconds was set in 1977. She represented East Germany and was a gold medallist in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1977 IAAF World Cup alongside Barbara Krug, Christina Lathan, and Marita Koch.
She was a member of SC DHfK Leipzig sports club.
# Cryptocephalus venustus

Cryptocephalus venustus is a species of case-bearing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
# Styx World: Live 2001

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Daily Vault | C− |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
StyxWorld Live 2001 is a live album by the band Styx released in 2001. It is drawn from performances at the Kosei Nenken Hall, Tokyo, Japan, February 10–11, 2000, Stadthalle, Offenbach, Germany, October 27, 2000, and the Shaw Center, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, February 11, 2001.

## Track listing

* "Rockin' the Paradise" (James "J.Y." Young, Tommy Shaw, Dennis DeYoung) - 4:12
* "High Enough" (T. Shaw, Jack Blades, Ted Nugent) - 2:07
* "Lorelei" (J. Young, D. DeYoung) - 4:07
* "A Criminal Mind" (Lawrence Gowan) - 5:59 +
* "Love Is the Ritual" (Glen Burtnik, Plinky) - 5:31
* "Boat on the River" (T. Shaw) - 4:25
* "Half-Penny, Two-Penny" (J. Young, Ray Brandle) - 6:35
* "Sing for the Day" (T. Shaw) - 4:22
* "Snowblind" (J. Young, D. DeYoung) - 5:22
* "Sometimes Love Just Ain't Enough" (G. Burtnik, Patty Smyth) - 2:45
* "Crystal Ball" (T. Shaw) - 6:28
* "Miss America" (J. Young) - 6:19
* "Come Sail Away" (D. DeYoung) - 10:11
    + Produced by Lawrence Gowan

## Personnel

* Tommy Shaw: Vocals, Electric & Acoustic Guitar, Mandolin
* James "J.Y." Young: Vocals, Electric & Acoustic Guitar, Keyboards
* Lawrence Gowan: Vocals, Keyboards
* Glen Burtnik: Vocals, Bass, Electric Guitar
* Chuck Panozzo: Bass
* Todd Sucherman: Drums
# Eucalyptus drummondii

Eucalyptus drummondii, commonly known as Drummond's gum or Drummond's mallee, is a species of mallee or tree that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow elliptical to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus drummondii is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft) or sometimes a tree to 8 m (26 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth, powdery bark that is white, pink or grey in colour. Young plants and coppice regrowth have leaves arranged alternately, egg-shaped to more or less round, 55–80 mm (2.2–3.1 in) long and 18–55 mm (0.71–2.17 in) wide. Adult leaves are grey-green in colour, narrow elliptical to egg-shaped, 32–80 mm (1.3–3.1 in) long and 8–27 mm (0.31–1.06 in) wide on a petiole 7–22 mm (0.28–0.87 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 7–30 mm (0.28–1.18 in) long, the individual buds on a pedicel 2–12 mm (0.079–0.472 in) long. Mature buds are oval, 8–18 mm (0.31–0.71 in) long and 4–10 mm (0.16–0.39 in) wide with a conical to rounded operculum with a small point on the top. Flowering mainly occurs from September to December and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, hemispherical capsule 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long and 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) wide with the valves extending beyond the level of the rim.

## Taxonomy

Eucalyptus drummondii was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham in his book Flora Australiensis. Bentham based the species on a specimen collected "between Swan River and King George's Sound" by James Drummond. The specific epithet (drummondii) honours Drummond.

## Distribution and habitat

Drummond's mallee grows in hilly country in soils derived from laterite, sometimes over granite and is found between Eneabba, Wongan Hills, Bridgetown and Woodanilling in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions.

## Conservation status

Eucalyptus drummondii is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife
# The Walter Bishop Jr. Trio / 1965

The Walter Bishop Jr. Trio / 1965 is an album by pianist Walter Bishop Jr. compiling sessions recorded in 1962 and 1963 which was released on the Prestige label in 1970. The album compiles tracks previously released on the albums A Pair of "Naturals" (Operators, 1962) and Summertime (Cotillion, 1963).

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow wrote: "Bishop plays a great deal of music in a short period of time. The performances are essentially classic bebop, although 11 of the 16 tunes (five by Bishop) can be considered obscurities. An underrated gem".

## Track listing

All compositions by Walter Bishop Jr. except as indicated
* "Tell It the Way It Is" (Addison Amor, Walter Bishop Jr.) – 3:54
* "I Thought About You" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Mercer) – 3:27
* "Things Ain't What They Used to Be" (Mercer Ellington) – 2:37
* "Falling in Love with Love" (Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers) – 3:36
* "Dottie's Theme" (Addison Amor) – 2:40
* "Dinkum" (De Louis Rey) – 2:37
* "Take One of My Pills" – 2:35
* "Theme on a Legend" – 2:36
* "Getting off the Ground" – 2:00
* "Summertime" (George Gershwin, DuBose Heyward) – 2:55
* "Easy to Love" (Cole Porter) – 2:42
* "33rd off 3rd" (Amor, Bishop) – 2:59
* "Love for Sale" (Porter) – 2:45
* "Our Romance Is Over" (Ruth Leventhal, William S. Lee) – 3:15
* "The Bishop Moves" – 2:35
* "Easy Walk" – 2:45
* Recorded in New York City in Spring 1962 (tracks 7, 8, 15 & 16) and in October 1963 (tracks 1–6 & 9–14)

## Personnel

* Walter Bishop Jr. – piano
* Butch Warren – bass
* G.T. Hogan (tracks 7, 8, 15 & 16), Jimmy Cobb (tracks 1–6 & 9–14) – drums
# Cordylancistrus

Cordylancistrus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfish native to South America. It is much the same as Chaetostoma. The few differences are a wider head, longer cheek odontodes, and plates on the snout. Cordylancistrus can be found in rivers and streams high in the Andes, from Venezuela to Colombia.

## Species

There are currently 5 recognized species in this genus:
* Cordylancistrus daguae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1912)
* Cordylancistrus nephelion Provenzano & Milani, 2006
* Cordylancistrus perijae A. Pérez & Provenzano, 1996
* Cordylancistrus platyrhynchus (Fowler, 1943)
* Cordylancistrus torbesensis (L. P. Schultz, 1944)
# Piramanoor

Piramanoor (Piramanur / Brahmanur) is a village in Tiruppuvanam block, Sivaganga district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The ancient Shree Kailasha Nathar Temple is situated in this village.

## Geography

Nearby towns include:
* Thirupuvanam (5 km)
* Madurai (23.3 km)
* Sivaganga (24.3 km)
* Manamadurai(25.2 km)
* Aruppukkottai(50.3 km)

## Etymology

Lord Brahma went there to worship the Linga brought by him from Kailash Mountain. On his request, the place is called Brahmanur (Piramanoor / Piramanur).

## History

The pond was brimming with water received from the river Vaigai. Harvest was good as was primary education. Children went there to study. Shri Villiappa Pillai of Piramanur (one of the court poets of Sivagangai) composed a satire titled Panchalakshna tirumugavilasam (The World Secret Revealer), published in 1899. Shri Villiappa Pillai gave his Yettu suvadi (Palm Leaf) to Shri U.V. Saminathaiyer, who compiled the book titled Thiruppuvananatharula in 1904. This narrative piece is full of humour and irony, and deals in about 4500 lines with the conditions of the people suffering in the Great famine of 1876−1878 (Thathu Varuda pancham). The relatives of Sivagangai Kings − Shri Thirukanna Rajendra Uthangan, Thirukanna Thevar lived in this village, near Thirupuvanam.

## Govindharaja Perumal temple

According to Thiru Seetha Rama Iyengar (1887-1961), the author of Thiruvarutprabandam, Govindharaja Perumal temple was present in Piramanoor during the early years of the 20th century. No evidence of the temple survives. In his book, he wrote a Pasuram and a Keerthana about the God Govindharaja Perumal.

## Drought and riot

Following years of droughts and communal riots, many Brahmin, Chettiar and Nadar families migrated in groups to nearby towns − particularly to Madurai. One notable family is sons of V.Sannasi nadar. They are Mr.V.S.Ayya nadar, Mr. V.S. Chellaiah @ Chellam Nadar (founder of V.S. Chellam soap factory, Madurai − the parent soap company of almost all soap companies in and around Madurai) and his brothers, Mr. V.S. Shanmuga Nadar (founder of Laxmi soap, Madurai) and Mr. V.S. Mariappa Nadar (co-founder of V.S. Thangam soap, Madurai).
# Rovaniemi city hall

Rovaniemi city hall is the main municipal administrative building of the city of Rovaniemi, Finland.
The building was designed by the renowned Finnish architect Alvar Aalto, and although the design work started in the 1960s as part of the rebuilding of the Rovaniemi city centre, the city hall building was only completed in 1986 after Aalto's death.
The city hall is part of a complex of Aalto-designed public and administrative buildings, commonly referred to as 'Aalto Centre', together with the Lappia Hall arts and conference venue and the Rovaniemi library. The complex has been designated and protected by the Finnish Heritage Agency as a nationally important built cultural environment (Valtakunnallisesti merkittävä rakennettu kulttuuriympäristö).
The building consists of a central block with several connected wings. The key rooms such as the Mayor's office, the City Council assembly hall and committee meeting rooms are positioned centrally by the main entrance. The exterior materials are similar to those on the other Aalto Centre buildings, creating a coherent and unified cluster.
Outside the main entrance to the building is a massive stone sculpture Vuorten Synty ('The Birth of Mountains') by the Finnish sculptor Kain Tapper, completed in 1988. The sculpture is 120 metres (390 ft) long, and has a maximum height of 2.3 metres (7 ft 7 in). It symbolises the rebirth of Rovaniemi following the Lapland War.