OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Christopher Hofland

Thomas Christopher Hofland RBA (1777–1843) was an English artist and teacher.

## Biography

Hofland was born in Worksop and he became a student of John Rathbone. He started teaching at Kew and moved to Derby in 1805, where he worked until 1808. He became the second husband of the successful writer Barbara Hofland in 1810. Hofland exhibited 72 paintings at the Royal Academy but the main source of their income was his wife's writing. He was a founder member of the Society of British Artists where he exhibited over 100 paintings. It was said that he helped found the Society, because he had not been made a member of the Royal Academy. In 1819 Hofland illustrated a book written by his wife about the Duke of Marlborough's house.
Hofland was a keen angler which he would combine with his skill for landscape painting.
In 1839, whilst living beside the Thames, he published a book entitled "The British angler's manual" which set out to describe and advice about all aspects of fly-fishing, angling and trolling. Hofland said that he had spent a long time preparing this book as he had practised his fishing whilst landscape painting. Hofland's book concentrated particularly on trout fishing and is lavishly illustrated with his own paintings and drawings which were engraved by W.R.Smith.
Hofland's book describes various counties but Hampshire and Derbyshire are selected for special mention. He lists the rivers of Derbyshire, covering the Erwash (sic) in a few sentences. The River Dove (that inspired Isaac Walton's famous book) and then page after page of Dovedale where he had spent many days sketching and angling in the company of fellow artists like Ebenezer Rhodes from Sheffield.
The gardens of the Whiteknights estate were described in a book by Barbara Hofland with engraved pictures of the gardens and its multitude of bridges, fountains, seats and grottoes by Thomas Christopher Hofland. The book was ordered by the then Marquess of Blandford, later the 5th Duke of Marlborough, but like many other items that he ordered or purchased, it was never paid for.
Three years before he died he finally visited Italy. Hofland died of cancer in Leamington Spa.

## Legacy

Hofland's paintings and resulting engravings are in the Governments Art Collection and in museums or galleries at the University of Reading, Portsmouth, Derby and Sheffield.
Hofland's painting Moonlight inspired a poem of Letitia Elizabeth Landon published in The Literary Gazette (1824).

## Publications

* A descriptive account of the mansion and gardens of White-Knights: a seat of His Grace the Duke of Marlborough. By Mrs. Hofland. Illustrated with twenty-three engravings, from pictures taken on the spot by T.C. Hofland 1819
# Eclipse Grizzly

Grizzly web server framework has been designed to help developers to take advantage of the Java non-blocking I/O (NIO) API. Grizzly's goal is to help developers to build scalable and robust servers using NIO as well as offering extended framework components: web framework (HTTP/S), WebSocket, Comet.

## Overview

The Core Framework of Grizzly includes
* Memory Management
* I/O Strategies
* Transports and Connections
* FilterChain and Filters
* Core Configuration
* Port Unification
* JMX Monitoring
HTTP components include
* Core HTTP Framework
* HTTP Server Framework
* HTTP Server Framework Extras
* Comet
* JAXWS
* WebSockets
* AJP
* SPDY
# Rudi Felgenheier

Rudi Felgenheier (born 20 November 1930; died 20 October 2005) is a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Germany. His best year was in 1952 when he won the 250cc German Grand Prix and finished the season in fifth place in the 250cc world championship. Felgenheimer was seriously injured during practice for the 1953 Isle of Man TT.
# Billy Tourtelot

Billy Tourtelot is the singer, guitar player and songwriter for the St. Petersburg, Florida heavy metal and industrial band Hell on Earth.
Tourtelot is famous for accepting a terminally ill fan's request to die onstage in 2003, a decision that prompted a legal battle with the city of St. Petersburg.
On November 3, 2003, Billy also ran as a write-in candidate for city council in District 3 of St. Petersburg against incumbent Bill Foster.
# Symmoca deprinsi

Symmoca deprinsi is a moth of the family Autostichidae. It is found in Asia Minor.
The length of the forewings is 17 mm for males and 19 mm for females.

## Etymology

The species is dedicated to lepidopterist Mr. W. De Prins.
# Cryptanthus lacerdae

Cryptanthus lacerdae is a plant species in the genus Cryptanthus. This species is endemic to Brazil.

## Cultivars

* Cryptanthus 'Icy'
* Cryptanthus 'Mars'
* Cryptanthus 'Menescal'
* Cryptanthus 'Osyanus'
* Cryptanthus Stirling Silver
* Cryptanthus 'Zebra'
* xNeotanthus 'Tom Montgomery'
# Fall in Love (Kenny Chesney song)

"Fall in Love" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in March 1995 as the lead single from his album All I Need to Know. The song became Chesney's first Top 10 hit, peaking at number 6 in both the United States and Canada. Chesney wrote the song with Buddy Brock and Kim Williams.

## Critical reception

Larry Flick, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song unfavorably saying that Chesney "seems somewhat straightjacketed by this sunny pop song." He tells the label to let Chesney "sink his teeth into some hardcore country."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Steven T. Miller and R. Brad Murano, and premiered on CMT on March 24, 1995, when CMT named it a "Hot Shot".

## Chart positions

"Fall in Love" debuted at number 66 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of April 1, 1995.
| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 6 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1995) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 76 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 55 |
# Creat Group

The Creat Group is a Chinese investment firm based in Beijing incorporated in 1992. It has expertise in the plasma industry and invests in healthcare and pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, energy, finance, natural resources, and real estate.
It bought Bio Products Laboratory from Bain Capital in May 2016 for £820 million. In 2017 it took over Biotest, the German blood plasma products maker. It holds a stake in Shanghai RAAS Blood Products.
The company obtains blood plasma from patients in the US and uses it to derive treatments in labs in Elstree.
Iain Duncan Smith referenced the company in 2020 when he complained about "the insertion of Chinese influence in all sorts of areas". BPL issued a statement saying “Since the acquisition, Creat has invested over £100 million in enhancing processes, talent and equipment to support the development of BPL Ltd into one of the world’s leading suppliers of plasma-derived therapies.”
# Langfurth

Langfurth is a municipality in the district of Ansbach in Bavaria in Germany.
# Thomas Dublin

Thomas Dublin is an American historian, editor and professor at Binghamton University. He is a social historian specialized in the working-class experience in the United States, particularly throughout New England and the Mid-Atlantic states.

## Life and career

Dublin graduated from Harvard College with a B.A. in chemistry, summa cum laude, and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. He serves as a Distinguished Professor of History at Binghamton University.

## Awards

* 1980 Bancroft Prize
* 1980 Merle Curti Award
* 2000 Guggenhein Fellow
* 2006 Merle Curti Award
* 2006 Philip S. Klein Award of the Pennsylvania Historical Association

## Works

* Dublin, Thomas; Licht, Walter (2005). The face of decline: the Pennsylvania anthracite region in the twentieth century. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-8473-5.
* When the mines closed: stories of struggles in hard times. Cornell University Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0-8014-8467-4.
* Transforming women's work: New England lives in the industrial revolution. Cornell University Press. 1994. ISBN 978-0-8014-2844-9.
* Women at work: the transformation of work and community in Lowell, Massachusetts, 1826-1860. Columbia University Press. 1981. ISBN 978-0-231-04167-6.

### Editor

* Thomas Dublin, ed. (1996). Becoming American, becoming ethnic: college students explore their roots. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-56639-439-0.
* Thomas Dublin, ed. (1993). Immigrant voices: new lives in America, 1773-1986. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06290-2.
* Thomas Dublin, ed. (1993). Farm to factory: women's letters, 1830-1860. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-08157-3.
* Kathryn Kish Sklar; Thomas Dublin, eds. (1991). Women and Power in American History: To 1880. Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-962218-2.
# Tip drill

Tip drill may refer to:
* Tip drill (basketball), a basketball exercise
* "Tip Drill (song)", a song by Nelly that makes reference to African-American sexual slang.
* a type of small hand drill that uses very small drill bits (most smaller than 1/16")
# Predicate abstraction

In logic, predicate abstraction is the result of creating a predicate from a formula. If Q is any formula then the predicate abstract formed from that sentence is (λx.Q), where λ is an abstraction operator and in which every occurrence of x that is free in Q is bound by λ in (λx.Q). The resultant predicate (λx.Q(x)) is a monadic predicate capable of taking a term t as argument as in (λx.Q(x))(t), which says that the object denoted by 't' has the property of being such that Q.
The law of abstraction states ( λx.Q(x) )(t) ≡ Q(t/x) where Q(t/x) is the result of replacing all free occurrences of x in Q by t. This law is shown to fail in general in at least two cases: (i) when t is irreferential and (ii) when Q contains modal operators.
In modal logic the "de re / de dicto distinction" is stated as
1. (DE DICTO): $\Box A(t)$
2. (DE RE): $(\lambda x.\Box A(x))(t)$.
In (1) the modal operator applies to the formula A(t) and the term t is within the scope of the modal operator. In (2) t is not within the scope of the modal operator.
# Rugi (sword)

Rugi is a traditional sword originating from Wetar and Alor Island, Indonesia. It is also referred to as Rugi Glamang.

## Description

The Rugi has a straight blade. The blade widens from the hilt to the point and the spine of the blade is slightly convex. The cutting edge is also slightly convexly curved and becomes bulbous in the middle area. This place is shaped in a slight curve. The hilt is usually made of wood and has no guard. It is wrapped with plant fibers in the handle area to provide better grip when gripping. The pommel is made in a triangle shape and has a large, carved eye that has mythological significance. The pommel is usually decorated on two sides with tufts of horse or goat hair. The scabbards are made of wood and are flat. In the local area they are slightly bent and widened into a square.
# Billy Toms

William Toms MC (born 19 May 1895, date of death unknown) was an Irish footballer. His regular position was as a forward. He was born in Curragh.
Toms became a professional after the First World War, in which he was awarded the Military Cross, when he broke into Manchester United's first team playing 14 games for them in his first season, but was allowed to leave and joined Plymouth Argyle for £500 in September 1920.
He went on to play for Oldham Athletic, Coventry City, Stockport County, Wrexham and Crewe Alexandra in the Football League.
Coventry were the only club where he was successful, which was surprising considering the shambolic state of the club at the time. Toms holds the distinction of scoring Coventry's first hat-trick in the Football League, in the 7–1 victory over Wolves on Christmas Day 1922. He left Coventry having been suspended by the club for an undisclosed act of "misconduct" along with Arthur Ormston.
He went on to play non-league football with Great Harwood, Winsford United and CWS Margarine Works.
# DO-219

DO-219 is a communications standard published by RTCA, Incorporated. It contains Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for aircraft equipment required for Air Traffic Control (ATC) Two-Way Data Link Communications (TWDL) services. TWDL Services are one element of Air Traffic Services Communication (ATSC). ATSC addressing requirements are supported by the Context Management (CM) Service. The Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) provides the media and protocols to conduct data link Air Traffic Services Communication.

## Outline of Contents

* Purpose and Scope
* Performance requirements and Test Procedures
* Installed Equipment Performance
* Operational Characteristics
* Appendix A: ATC Two-Way Data Link Communications Message Set
* Appendix B: ATC Two-Way Data Link Communications Data Structures Glossary
* Appendix C: An Overview of the Packed encoding Rules ISO PDIS 8825-2; PER Unaligned
* Appendix D: A Guide for Encoding and Decoding the RTCA SC-169 Message Set for ATC 2-Way Data Link, According to the Packed Encoding Rules
* Appendix E: ATC Two-Way Data Link Communications Sample Messages
* Appendix F: State Table
# Cryptanthus pickelii

Cryptanthus pickelii is a plant species in the genus Cryptanthus. This species is endemic to Brazil.

## Cultivars

* Cryptanthus 'Myee'
# Sullivan Glacier

Sullivan Glacier (69°42′S 70°45′W﻿ / ﻿69.700°S 70.750°W﻿ / -69.700; -70.750) is a glacier flowing west into Gilbert Glacier, immediately south of Elgar Uplands in the north part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The glacier was first sighted from a distance by the British Graham Land Expedition during a flight in 1937 and roughly mapped. Remapped from air photos taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947–48, by Searle of the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1960. In association with the names of other composers in this area, named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Sir Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900), English composer.
# Langfossen

Langfossen is a waterfall located in Etne Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The waterfall is located about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the village of Fjæra. The water falls down a towering mountain, a total distance of about 612 metres (2,008 ft) before the water leaps out into Åkrafjorden at the base of the mountain. European route E134 runs along the base of the waterfall, making access very easy.
The World Waterfall Database declared this waterfall to be one of the "best in the world". In March 2011 CNN/Budget Travel sat Langfossen as one of the worlds ten most beautiful waterfalls. The waterfall is one of the few in Norway that has not been used in hydroelectric power generation, so it is still in its natural state.
# Thomas M. Fullerton

Thomas M. Fullerton Jr. is an American economist and academic who currently serves as a professor of economics at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP). He holds the Endowed Chair for the Study of Trade in the Americas and directs the Border Region Modeling Project. Fullerton's research interests lie in the field of Applied Economics, with a focus on Border Economics, Urban Economics, Regional Forecasting, Resource Economics, and International Economics.

## Education

Fullerton holds a BBA in Economics from UTEP, an MS in economics from Iowa State, an MA in Business Economics from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Florida.

## Books

* T. M. Fullerton Jr. and Adam G. Walke, 2017, Improving the Accuracy of Short-Term Water Demand Forecasts, Denver, CO: Water Research Foundation, ISBN 978-1-60573-298-5.
* T. M. Fullerton Jr. and Adam G. Walke, 2017, Short-Term Water Demand Forecasting Manual, Denver, CO: Water Research Foundation, ISBN 978-1-60573-299-2.
* T. M. Fullerton Jr. and M. P. Barraza de Anda, 2006, Basic Border Econometrics, Ciudad Juárez, MX: UACJ Press, ISBN 968-7845-85-6.
* C. Calderón Villarreal and T. M. Fullerton Jr., 2000, Inflationary Studies for Latin America, El Paso, TX: Texas Western Press, www.utep.edu/twp/inflation.htm, ISBN 968-7845-20-1.

## Selected journal articles

* T. M. Fullerton Jr. and O. Solis, 2020, “Borderplex Bridge Wait Time Headache Reactions,” Journal of Transport Economics & Policy 54 (1), 58–78.
* T. M. Fullerton Jr., A. Jiménez, and A.G. Walke, 2015, “An Econometric Analysis of Retail Gasoline Prices in a Border Metropolitan Economy,” North American Journal of Economics & Finance 34, 450–461, doi: 10.1016/j.najef.2015.09.005.
* T. M. Fullerton Jr. and A. L. Molina Jr., 2010, “Municipal Water Consumption Forecast Accuracy,” Water Resources Research 46 (June), Article W06515, doi:10.1029/2009WR008450.
* L. Blanco-González and T. M. Fullerton Jr., 2006, “Borderplex Menu Evidence for the Law of One Price,” Economics Letters 90 (1), 28–33, doi: 10.1016/j.econlet.2005.04.005. =
* T. M. Fullerton Jr., 2001, “Specification of a Borderplex Econometric Forecasting Model,” International Regional Science Review 24 (2), 245–260, doi: 10.1177/016001701761013141.
* C. T. West and T. M. Fullerton Jr., 1996, “Assessing the Historical Accuracy of Regional Economic Forecasts,” Journal of Forecasting 15 (1), 19–36, doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-131X(199601)15:1<19::AID-FOR602>3.0.CO;2-B.
* T. M. Fullerton Jr., 1989, “A Composite Approach to Forecasting State Government Revenues,” International Journal of Forecasting 5 (3), 373–380, doi: 10.1016/0169-2070(89)90040-X.
# Tip of My Tongue (Kenny Chesney song)

"Tip of My Tongue" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in July 2019 as the first single from his 2020 album Here and Now. Chesney wrote this song with songwriter Ross Copperman and English singer Ed Sheeran, and co-produced it with Copperman.

## History and content

Chesney announced the song's release in July 2019, as the lead single to an upcoming nineteenth studio album. He wrote the song with Ross Copperman and Ed Sheeran. Of the co-writing process, he told the blog Nash Country Daily that "You start talking, and words fall out, and anything can happen. When you go in and write on any given day, the chemistry is what it is. When the idea fell out, we all just laughed and went, ‘Well, what can we do with that?’" He later added on to the song writing process by saying, "With all the great songs that have been written in this town, I think you always want to do something a little different, I think there’s this moment when you look at someone and you know they contain everything. You want to know everything, consume everything about them. It’s why we say ‘It’s a long way down,’ because you want to know it all. And the best part: We got a melody that feels like what's going on lyrically. The music matches the words, and you can just drift in it"

## Critical reception

Taste of Country writer Billy Dukes said that the song is a "mid-tempo, progressive-sounding track [that] places Chesney's familiar voice in a progressive new setting, creating a very contemporary track that has strong pop influences." Jon Freeman of Rolling Stone Country said described the song as "a celebration of sensuality" and said, "Over a dreamy, percussion-free bed of guitar and synthesizer, Chesney sings of his appreciation for the little details — like the dimples in someone’s back — that make him fall a little more in love with someone."

## Commercial performance

As of December 2019, the song has sold 85,000 copies in the United States.

## Certifications

Certifications for "Tip of My Tongue" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Pretzelmaker

Pretzelmaker is a chain of independently owned and operated franchised stores that specialize in hand-rolled pretzels, smoothies and cold beverages. It is a franchise brand in the portfolio of Global Franchise Group. It has more than 280 locations in the U.S. and internationally.

## History

Founder Jeffery Tripp opened the first Pretzelmaker store in 1991. He changed the name of the company to Pretzelmaker for nationwide franchising purposes. Charles L. Smith was the founding president of Pretzelmaker, Corporation with Bruce W. Stratford, Legal Council and CFO. J. Kelly Hansen and Stephen A. Thorpe ran the day-to-day operations as co-founders and VP of Sales and VP of Operations respectively. The brand quickly grew to more than 100 franchises sold, with 40 stores operating by 1995 when it was bought by a group of investors that helped make Pretzelmaker a mall mainstay, particularly in the West Coast. Don Cox, Marc Geman, Tony Joseph and Dale Fowler bought the company in 1995 with a small group of investors. In the next 36 months this group took the company from 11 opened stores to 288. Director of Operations Tony Joseph and his operation team were the driving force opening 7 locations a month. Mr. Joseph trained all franchisees US wide, Canada, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong and Singapore. In 1998 Pretzelmaker was voted the fastest growing food Franchise in the US according to Restaurant News and Entrepreneur Magazine. Dale Fowler was the Sr. Vice President of Marketing. Mr. Fowler put Pretzelmaker on the map with Media articles from the top newspapers and magazines from all over the US. Don Cox was the President until he was relieved of his duties in 1998. Marc Geman was the CEO until the company was sold in 1999.
The first Pretzel Time store opened in Trumbull, Connecticut. The company was originally incorporated as Mr. Pretzel Inc. in 1991, but quickly changed its name to Pretzel Time by the time it became a popularly franchised mall-based store in the Northeast.
In 1999, Mrs. Fields Famous Brands purchased Pretzelmaker. Later it sold the brands to NexCen in 2007 in a combined transaction total of $29.7 million. In 1996, Mrs. Fields had acquired the now-defunct Hot Sam which it merged with Pretzelmaker in 2005.
Global Franchise Group (GFG) purchased NexCen Franchise Management in 2010, and merged Pretzel Time and Pretzelmaker into one brand as Pretzelmaker. Pretzelmaker today is the second largest retailer of freshly baked, hand rolled and twisted pretzels.
On June 28, 2021, Global Franchise Group announced that it would be acquired by FAT Brands, owners of Fatburger and Johnny Rockets. The acquisition was completed on July 22.

## Products

Pretzelmaker's line of pretzels includes 10 flavors, and a variety of dipping sauces are provided. It is the innovator of the Pretzel Dog and Pretzel Bites.
# Friedrich-August-Kreuz

The Friedrich-August Cross was a German decoration of the First World War. It was set up on 24 September 1914 by Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg, with two classes, for (to quote its citation) "all persons of military or civilian status, who have shown outstanding service during the war itself".

## Insignia

The Friedrich-August-Kreuz is a black iron cross pattée with a laurel wreath between the arms. The obverse of the cross bears a circular central medallion with the initials FA. The crown of Oldenburg appears on the upper arm of the cross, with the lower arm bearing the date 1914. The reverse is plain.

## Recipients
### First Class

* Prince Adalbert of Prussia (1884–1948)
* Conrad Albrecht
* Joachim von Amsberg (general)
* Hermann Bauer
* Paul Behncke
* Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
* Johannes Blaskowitz
* Werner von Blomberg
* Friedrich Boedicker
* Walter Böning
* Walter Braemer
* Karl-Heinrich Brenner
* Eduard von Capelle
* Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia
* Archduke Eugen of Austria
* Alexander von Falkenhausen
* Kurt Fricke
* Hermann Geyer
* Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg
* Hermann von Hanneken (soldier)
* Heino von Heimburg
* Wilhelm Heye
* Paul von Hindenburg
* Franz von Hipper
* Henning von Holtzendorff
* Gerhard Kauffmann
* Wilhelm Keitel
* Werner Kempf
* Gustav Kieseritzky
* Philipp Kleffel
* Gustav Leffers
* Felix von Luckner
* Günther Lütjens
* Georg Alexander von Müller
* Karl August Nerger
* Erich Raeder
* Ludwig von Reuter
* Ehrhard Schmidt
* Hubert Schmundt
* Otto Schniewind
* Otto Schultze
* Hans von Seeckt
* Otto von Stülpnagel
* Karl Topp
* Adolf von Trotha
* Walter Warzecha
* Wilhelm II, German Emperor
* Karl Witzell
* Eberhard Wolfram

### Second Class

* Ludwig Bieringer
* Hellmuth Heye
* Ernst Lindemann