OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Bone

Robert Adamson Bone (1924 – November 25, 2007) was a scholar of African-American literature and a professor of English at Columbia University.

## Biography

Bone was a conscientious objector during World War II. He received a B.A. in English from Yale University in 1945. He was National Secretary of the Young People's Socialist League from 1946 to 1947, and then from 1947 to 1948 he worked in the automotive industry in Flint, Michigan. Returning to Yale, he earned a master's degree in American studies in 1949 and a doctorate in 1955. Bone taught at Yale and at the University of California, Los Angeles, before joining the faculty at Teachers College, Columbia, where he taught from 1965 to 1990.

## Works

Bone's book The Negro Novel in America, his Yale dissertation, was published in two editions in 1958 and 1965, and translated into Japanese. Reviewer August Meier places it within the New Criticism movement, and calls it a "brilliant and provocative study". In it, Bone identifies four periods of African-American literature: a period of assimilation into the white middle class from 1890 to 1920, the pluralism of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s, a period of naturalism and protest during the Great Depression of the 1930s, and a "revolt against protest" in the 1940s. He discusses in detail many novels from each period, reserving particular praise for Richard Wright's Native Son (1940) and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man (1952).
Bone also wrote Down Home: A History of Afro-American Short Fiction from its Beginnings to the End of the Harlem Renaissance (Putnam, 1975) and a short book on Native Son author Richard Wright. A manuscript left unfinished at Bone's death was completed by Richard A. Courage and published as The Muse in Bronzeville: African American Creative Expression in Chicago, 1932–1950 (Rutgers University Press, 2011).
Another of Bone's contributions is the name of the "Black Chicago Renaissance", a period of expansion for African-American culture in Chicago prior to World War II.
# Robert Bentley Suthers

Robert Bentley Suthers was born in Manchester in Lancashire, England in 1871. Very little is known about his personal life besides that which can be inferred from the 1911 UK census and the military records of his son, Robert Eric Suthers. Robert married a woman named Alice and fathered a son, Robert Eric Suthers. R. E. Suthers was killed in the First Battle of the Aisne during the First World War on 2 August 1918. He was nineteen. After his son's death, Robert Bentley Suthers became a writer for The Clarion, a socialist newspaper. He published the majority of his work through The Clarion and engaged in a long philosophical debate regarding the nature of free will with G.K Chesterton. This debate would be referenced in Chesterton's book Orthodoxy.
# Beth Brown

Beth Brown may refer to:
* Beth Brown (artist) (born 1977), American artist
* Beth A. Brown (1969–2008), American astrophysicist
# Diplomatic illness

Diplomatic illness is the practice amongst diplomats and government ministers of feigning illness, or another debilitating condition, to avoid engaging in diplomatic or social engagements. The excuse of ill-health is designed to avoid formally offending the host or other parties. The term also refers to the period during which the "diplomatic illness" is claimed to persist.

## Examples

* General John J. Pershing, on his return in 1926 from unsuccessful negotiations between Peru, Bolivia and Chile and suffering from ill-health, was stated by his critics to have a "diplomatic illness".
* During the Communist takeover in Czechoslovakia in 1948, foreign minister Jan Masaryk was thought to have a "diplomatic illness", as he stayed out of touch with many of his former foreign contacts.
* A temporary absence of Bosnian Serb leader Ratko Mladic, at a time in 1995 when Bosnian Serb forces were withdrawing near Sarajevo under an agreement with NATO, was ascribed by some sources to "diplomatic illness".
* Boris Yeltsin, the then leader of the Russian Federation, was sometimes claimed to be invoking "diplomatic illness". One occasion was in 1994 on the outbreak of the First Chechen War; another coincided with a 1998 summit meeting of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and another was in 1999 when he was due to sign a treaty with Belarusian leader Alexander Lukashenko. The allegations were dubious, as Yeltsin suffered from repeated genuine bouts of ill-health.
* Polish leader Lech Kaczyński cited illness to avoid a Weimar Triangle meeting in the wake of a diplomatic dispute with Germany in 2006.

## Related terms

* William Gladstone referred to a "diplomatic cold" as an alternative to declining a social engagement outright.
* Neville Chamberlain is reported to have contracted "diplomatic gout" in 1938.
* Polite fiction

## Footnotes

* ↑ G. Berridge; L. Lloyd (25 January 2012). The Palgrave Macmillan Dictionary of Diplomacy. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-137-01761-1.
* ↑ Definition in The Legal Dictionary
* ↑ Glossary of Diplomatic Terms. eDiplomat. Retrieved on 2006-08-14.
* ↑ Don M. Coerver; Linda Biesele Hall (1999). Tangled Destinies: Latin America and the United States. UNM Press. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-8263-2117-6.
* ↑ Slovak studies. Slovak Institute. 1981. p. 207.
* ↑ ADRIAN BROWN. "Bosnian Serb forces withdraw heavy artillery from Sarajevo." The Irish Times. September 20, 1995.
* 1 2 3 R. W. Holder (25 September 2008). Dictionary of Euphemisms. OUP Oxford. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-19-923517-9.
* ↑ MITCHELL LANDSBERG. "Yeltsin regains voice, resumes work at suburban residence." AP Online. Press Association, Inc. March 18, 1998.
* 1 2 Goble, Paul (November 9, 1999). "Russia: Analysis From Washington -- A Diplomatic Illness?". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.
* ↑ Kolosowska, Krysia (January 5, 2007). "A diplomatic illness?". Polskie Radio. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
# Bhagyada balegara

"Bhagyada balegara hogi ba" (Kannada: ಭಾಗ್ಯಾದ ಬಳೆಗಾರ ಹೋಗಿ ಬಾ, meaning Dear bangle seller, please go to my home town) is a popular Kannada folk song. The song is about a conversation between a newly married lady and a bangle seller. The lady asks the bangle seller to visit her parents' house, but the seller says that he does not know how to get there. The lady gives directions to her parents' hometown in a poetic way.
"Bhagyada balegara" is very popular in Karnataka and throughout South India. The song is a regular feature of folk music programmes in the state.
Many singers have covered this song, including K. S. Chitra, Madhu Balakrishnan, B. R. Chaya, SPB, Manjula Gururaj, Kasturi Shankar, Rathnamala Prakash, Nanditha, Shreya Ghoshal, Kunal Ganjawala, and Amma Ramachandra.
# Betty Clegg

Betty Clare Clegg (née Reeve, 24 March 1926 – 13 October 2009) was a New Zealand watercolour artist. Her work is held in the permanent collection of Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.

## Biography

Clegg was born in Wellington on 24 March 1926, the daughter of Nellie Frances Reeve (née Obee) and William John Reeve. She studied art and painting in Wellington and Sydney. She was active in the 1960s and 1970s, exhibiting with the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts at the National Art Gallery in Wellington. In 1963 she was involved with the first summer school for painters run by Victoria University of Wellington in conjunction with the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts and held in the Academy Gallery at the National Art Gallery. In the 1970s, fellow Wellington artist Joan Fanning painted her portrait as part of a series of portraits of women artists working in the city.
In 1996 Clegg moved to Auckland and settled on Waiheke Island. She died in Auckland on 13 October 2009.
# Robert Kauffman

Robert Kauffman, Rob Kauffman or Bob Kauffman is the name of:
* Bob Kauffman (1946–2015), American basketballer
* Rob Kauffman (politician) (born 1974), American politician elected to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
* Rob Kauffman (businessman) (born 1964), American businessman, race team owner and sports car racing driver
# Big Bend, Wisconsin

Big Bend is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Wisconsin:
* Big Bend, Rusk County, Wisconsin, a town
* Big Bend, Waukesha County, Wisconsin, a village
# Robert Ford

Robert Ford may refer to:

## Politics

* Robert Ford (politician) (born 1948), member of the South Carolina Senate
* Robert MacDonald Ford (1911–2004), Washington state politician
* Rob Ford (1969–2016), former mayor of Toronto
* Robert Ford (academic), British political scientist

## Sports

* Bob Ford (basketball) (born 1950), American basketball player
* Bob Ford (American football) (born 1937), American football coach
* Bob Ford (golfer) (born 1954), American golfer, see Pennsylvania Open Championship
* Bobby Ford (born 1974), English footballer
* Bobby Ford (Scottish footballer) (born 1949), played for Dundee FC
* Robert Ford (sportscaster), American sportscaster for the Houston Astros
* Robert Ford (American football) (born 1951), American football coach
* Robert Ford (basketball), American basketball head coach

## Characters

* Robert Ford (One Life to Live), a fictional soap opera character
* Robert Ford, character in the TV series Westworld

## Others

* Robert Ford (outlaw) (1862–1892), the man who killed Jesse James
* Robert Ford (Canadian diplomat) (1915–1998), poet and Canadian diplomat
* Robert Ford Jr. (1949–2020), American journalist and record producer
* Robert Stephen Ford (born 1958), former American ambassador to Syria and former ambassador to Algeria
* Robert W. Ford (1923–2013), British radio officer and civil servant in Tibet
* Robert Ford (British Army officer) (1923–2015), adjutant-general to the Forces in the United Kingdom
* Robert B. Ford, president/COO at Abbott Laboratories Inc, CEO since 2020.
# Robert Ford (British Army officer)

General Sir Robert Cyril Ford GCB CBE (29 December 1923 – 24 November 2015) was a British Army general who was Adjutant-General to the Forces. The Bloody Sunday shootings occurred during his tenure as Commander Land Forces, Northern Ireland.

## Early career

Born in Devon to John and Gladys Ford, Robert Ford was educated at Musgrave's College and received an emergency commission in the Royal Armoured Corps in 1943. He served in North West Europe during World War II and was mentioned in despatches. He was appointed to a permanent commission with the substantive rank of lieutenant on 29 June 1946. He was appointed a lieutenant in the 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards on 1 February 1947 and was deployed to Palestine during the Palestine Emergency the same year, where as a temporary captain he was again mentioned in despatches in 1948. He was promoted to captain on 29 December 1950 and to major on 29 December 1957.
Ford was brevetted to lieutenant-colonel on 1 July 1962 and promoted to substantive lieutenant-colonel on 4 February 1966. He became Commanding Officer of 4th/7th Royal Dragoon Guards the same year. Skipping one rank, he was promoted to brigadier on 31 December 1967 and appointed Commander of 7th Armoured Brigade in 1968.

## Northern Ireland and Bloody Sunday

On 29 July 1971, at the height of the Troubles, Brigadier Ford was appointed Commander Land Forces, Northern Ireland, with the acting rank of major-general, and was promoted to the substantive rank on 29 August. He was criticised in the Saville Report into the Bloody Sunday massacre in Derry for deploying soldiers to arrest peaceful protestors: "In our view his decision to use 1 Para as the arrest force is open to criticism but he did not know his decision would result in soldiers firing unjustifiably."
In the secret memo to his superior, dated 7 January 1972, Ford said he was "coming to the conclusion that the minimum force necessary to achieve a restoration of law and order is to shoot selected ringleaders amongst the DYH (Derry Young Hooligans), after clear warnings have been issued". In the event, seven of the innocent victims of Bloody Sunday were indeed Derry teenagers. At the Bloody Sunday inquiry he claimed not to remember having written the memo. Ford relinquished his command on 9 April 1973.

## Later career

In 1973, Ford became Commandant of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, and in 1976 he was appointed Military Secretary. He was Adjutant General from 1978 to 1981 when he retired from the British Army.
He was ADC General to the Queen from 1980 to 1981.
He was awarded the CB in 1973, the KCB in 1977 and the GCB in 1981. He was also awarded the MBE in 1958 and the CBE in 1971.

## Retirement

In retirement he was Chairman of the Army Benevolent Fund from 1981 to 1987. He was also Governor of the Royal Hospital Chelsea from 1981 to 1987. He served as Vice-Chairman of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission from 1989 to 1993. He died on 24 November 2015.

## Family

In 1949, Ford married Jean Claudia Pendlebury (died 2002) and they had a son. He married Caroline Margaret Peerless (née Leather) in 2003.
# Bibbiano

Bibbiano (Italian:; Reggiano: Bibiân; locally Bibiēn) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Emilia, in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Reggio Emilia.
Bibbiano borders the following comuni: Cavriago, Montecchio Emilia, Quattro Castella, Reggio Emilia, San Polo d'Enza.

## Physical geography

The municipal area, as well as the capital, is made up of the hamlets of Barco, Corniano, La Fossa, Ghiardo, and Piazzola for a total of 28.02 square kilometers. It borders Cavriago to the north, Reggio Emilia to the east, Quattro Castella and San Polo d'Enza to the south, and Montecchio Emilia to the west.

## History

Traces of the first human presence (bottoms of huts, ceramic remains, copious siliceous artefacts) in Bibbiano date back to the period between the lower Paleolithic and the Neolithic. A long Gallic stay is attested by finds from the Iron Age and by the Celtic inflections which remain in the local dialect. The origin of the toponym is probably linked to the Roman occupation of the first century; numerous Roman finds have come to light following archaeological digs, including pottery and furnishings.
In the 12th century, the history of Bibbiano was inextricably linked to the Canossa family, as the municipal coat of arms demonstrates. The dominion of the Canossa dynasty on Bibbiano ended in the 18th century, when the fiefdom passed to the Marquis Gabbi (1757).
Bibbiano obtained municipal autonomy at the time of the Department of Crostolo.
In 2019, the town was the subject of a media scandal involving possibly false allegations of child abuse.

## Culture

Parmesan (Parmigiano Reggiano)
The production of cow's milk cheese in the lands where Parmesan cheese is produced dates back to at least the 12th century. It is said that the monks of the Benedictine monastery of Corniano are the ones who discovered the recipe. This discovery marked an epochal change in the rural production of the region, which was until then limited to sheep's cheese. For centuries, the dispute over where Parmesan cheese was born has fascinated historians and cheese producers. However, most historians agree that the cradle of the renaissance of Parmesan since 1700 is Bibbiano. The main reasons are quality forage, stable pastureland, availability of water, and the skill of Bibbiano cheesemakers.
In 2008, the consortium "Bibbiano la Culla" (Bibbiano, the cradle) was established to promote and enhance Bibbiano cheese with its own quality brand. The trademark has received a protected designation of origin (PDO)

## Infrastructure and transport

Rail transport
The municipal area of Bibbiano is crossed by the Reggio Emilia-Ciano d'Enza railway; it is served by Barco station as well as six stops: Bibbiano, Bibbiano Fossa, Bibbiano Via Monti, Bivio Barco, Corniano, and Piazzola.
# Bibbi

Bibbi is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Bibbi Segerström (1943–2014), Swedish swimmer
* Gino Bibbi (1899–1999), Italian engineer and political activist
# Bidirectional traffic

In transportation infrastructure, a bidirectional traffic system divides travellers into two streams of traffic that flow in opposite directions.
In the design and construction of tunnels, bidirectional traffic can markedly affect ventilation considerations.
Microscopic traffic flow models have been proposed for bidirectional automobile, pedestrian, and railway traffic. Bidirectional traffic can be observed in ant trails which have been researched for insight into human traffic models. In a macroscopic theory proposed by Laval, the interaction between fast and slow vehicles conforms to the Newell kinematic wave model of moving bottlenecks.
In air traffic control traffic is normally separated by elevation, with east bound flights at odd thousand feet elevations and west bound flights at even thousand feet elevations (1000 ft ≈ 305m). Above 28,000 ft (~8.5 km) only odd flight levels are used, with FL 290, 330, 370, etc., for eastbound flights and FL 310, 350, 390, etc., for westbound flights. Entry to and exit from airports is always one-way traffic, as runways are chosen to allow aircraft to take off and land into the wind, to reduce ground speed. Even in no wind cases, a preferred calm wind runway and direction is normally chosen and used by all flights, to avoid collisions. In uncontrolled airports, airport information can be obtained from anyone at the airport. Traffic follows a specific traffic pattern, with designated entry and exits. Radio announcements are made, whether anyone is listening or not, to allow any other traffic to be aware of other traffic in the area.
In the earliest days of railways in the United Kingdom, most lines were built double tracked because of the difficulty of coordinating operations in pre-telegraphy times.
Most modern roads carry bidirectional traffic, although one-way traffic is common in dense urban centres. Bidirectional traffic flow is believed to influence the rate of traffic collisions. In an analysis of head-on, rear-end, and lane-changing collisions based on the Simon-Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model, it was concluded that "the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and ... the other lane['s] is high enough," and that "heavy vehicles cause an important reduction of traffic flow on the home lane and provoke an increase of the risk of car accident."
Bidirectional traffic is the most common form of flow observed in trails, however, some larger pedestrian concourses exhibit multidirectional traffic.
# Between the Glory and the Flame

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Between the Glory and the Flame is an album by Randy Stonehill, released in 1981, on Myrrh Records.

## Track listing

All songs written by Randy Stonehill, except "Givin' It Up For Love" and "Farther On" which were written by Randy Stonehill and Tom Howard.
Side one
* "Glory and the Flame" – 3:10
* "Die Young" – 3:15
* "Fifth Avenue Breakdown" – 2:50
* "Grandfather's Song" – 3:24
* "Find Your Way to Me" – 3:42
Side two
* "Christine" – 3:29
* "Rainbow" – 3:49
* "Givin' It Up for Love" – 4:13
* "Letter to My Family" – 4:58
* "Farther On" – 2:56
This album has not been released on CD.

## Personnel

* Randy Stonehill – lead vocals (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9), backing vocals (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8), electric 12-string guitar (1), rhythm guitar (1, 2, 3, 7, 8), percussion (2), all vocals (4, 6, 10), lead guitar (3), guitars (5, 6, 9), acoustic guitar (10)
* Tom Howard – backing vocals (3, 5, 7), acoustic piano (4), harmonium (4), string arrangements (4, 9), synthesizers (7), acoustic guitar (10)
with Daniel Amos
* Jerry Chamberlain – lead guitar (1, 2, 3, 8), backing vocals (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8), rhythm guitar (3, 7, 8)
* Terry Scott Taylor – electric slide guitar (7)
* Marty Dieckmeyer – bass (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10)
* Ed McTaggart – drums (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10), percussion (2, 3, 7)
* Alex MacDougall – percussion (1, 5, 10)

## Production

* Terry Scott Taylor – producer (for "Rebel Base Productions")
* Thom Roy – engineer
* White Field Studios – recording and mixing location
* Frank Ordaz – painting and artwork
* Daniel Amos appears courtesy of ¡Alarma! Records
* Terry Jonsson – Newscaster on "Christine"
* The "Whisper People" – whispers on "Rainbow"
# Robert Kemp (literary critic)

Robert Kemp (8 October 1878, Paris – 3 July 1959) was a French journalist and literary critic, writing for L'Aurore, La Liberté, Le Temps and Le Monde (successor to Temps). On 29 November 1956 he was elected to seat 5 of the Académie française.
# Robert Kinloch

Robert Kinloch (c.1688–1756) was a Scottish minister who served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1747.

## Life

He gained an MA in St Leonard's College (University of St Andrews) in 1706. He was licensed to preach as a minister of the Church of Scotland in 1711 by the Presbytery of Dundee and Forfar.
He was called as "third charge" to the large Dundee congregation in August 1713. After 15 years in Dundee he translated to "second charge" of the High Kirk of St Giles in Edinburgh in 1728 replacing the ill-fated William Mitchell, both under the first charge of John Mathieson.
In 1747 he succeeded Rev John Lumsden as Moderator of the General Assembly. He was succeeded in turn in 1748 by Rev George Wishart.
He resigned on 24 February 1756 due to ill-health and died a few weeks later on 3 April 1756.

## Family

He married Lilias Campbell third daughter of Colin Campbell of Monzie. Their children included John Kinloch WS.

## Publications

* The Truth and Excellency of the Gospel Revelation (1731)
# Robert Kinkead

Robert Kinkead (June 1, 1952 – December 15, 2019), known as Bob, was an American chef and restaurateur based in Washington D.C. He was best known for his eponymous seafood restaurant Kinkead's, which operated from 1993 to 2012 and earned Kinkead the 1995 James Beard Award for best American chef in the Mid-Atlantic Region.

## Early life

Kinkead was born in Providence, Rhode Island, and grew up in Massachusetts, where he was one of ten siblings; his brother David also grew up to be a chef.
Bob Kinkead studied psychology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, though he came short of graduating until 2004 when the university conferred the degree by counting his new cookbook as a final paper.

## Career

Kinkead pursued a culinary career and worked in several restaurants in New England before becoming head chef and part-owner of 21 Federal in Nantucket. In 1987, he opened a sister restaurant, also named 21 Federal, in downtown Washington, D.C. This restaurant closed in early 1993 after filing for bankruptcy. In October 1993, he opened his eponymous restaurant in D.C’s Foggy Bottom neighborhood: Kinkead's, an American Brasserie. The restaurant was well-reviewed and was named to Esquire Magazine's list of the 25 best new restaurants in America. In 1995, Kinkead won the James Beard Award for best American chef in the Mid-Atlantic Region. In 2005, Kinkead published a cookbook, Kinkead's Cookbook: Recipes From Washington D.C.’s Premier Seafood Restaurant. Kinkead was known for mentoring many notable chefs in Washington, D.C., including Logan Cox, Jeff Black, Tracy O'Grady, Brendan L'Etoile, and Ris Lacoste. Kinkead's eponymous restaurant closed in December 2012. Kinkead also owned Hell Point Seafood in Annapolis, Maryland and Colvin Run Tavern in Vienna, Virginia, both of which were closed before Kinkead's. In 2004, Kinkead opened Sibling Rivalry in Boston with his brother, David; the restaurant closed in 2013. In 2013, Kinkead opened a pop-up restaurant, Ancora, in the Watergate complex. Ancora closed in 2014, and Kinkead opened a more casual restaurant, Campono, next door.
In 2016, Kinkead received the Duke Zeibert Capital Achievement Award from the Restaurant Association of Metropolitan Washington.

## Personal life

Kinkead retired with his wife, Dianne, to Murrells Inlet, South Carolina, where he died on December 15, 2019, of heart disease and diabetes.
# Biblioteca Forteguerriana

The Biblioteca Forteguerriana is a public library in Pistoia, Italy, founded in 1473 by Niccolò Fortiguerra. In 1967 it became the Biblioteca comunale Forteguerriana. It currently occupies the Palazzo della Sapienza (built in 1533).