OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle on Shangganling Mountain (film)

Shangganling (Chinese: 《上甘岭》; pinyin: Shànggānlǐng) is a 1956 Chinese war film, also translated as Battle of Shangganling and Battle on Shangganling Mountain. It depicts the Battle of Triangle Hill (Shangganling in Chinese) during the Korean War, an especially bloody battle that resulted in eventual Chinese victory.
The film follows a group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army soldiers who are holding Triangle Hill for several days against the U.S. Army and the Republic of Korea Army. Short of both food and water, they hold their ground until the relief troops arrive. The movie shows Chinese victory over the American invasion, and the People's Volunteer Army soldiers were shown as Chinese war heroes. The film's style and view of the battle have been contrasted with the 1959 American film Pork Chop Hill.

## The spirit of Shangganling

The Battle of Shangganling has become a symbol of Chinese "die for the sake of motherland" heroism, and also the symbol of fighting spirit of the Chinese military. Taking into account of the absolute superiority of American ground artillery power and air power, resulting in the People's Volunteer Army regaining their original positions against high American and South Korean casualties, the Chinese promote it as a military victory with emphasis on Chinese soldier's endurance and sacrifice.

## White House performance controversy

On 19 January 2011, pianist Lang Lang played the theme song of this movie at a White House state dinner for Chinese President Hu Jintao. The event generated controversies within both US and China, similar to the "anti-Soviet" music of composer Dmitri Shostakovich.
# Nathaniel Hedge

Nathaniel Hedge III (1710–1795) was an English clockmaker based in Colchester in Essex.
Hedge was apprenticed to the Colchester clockmaker John Smorthwaite in 1728 and married Smorthwaite's daughter Sarah in 1733. Hedge went on to become a prosperous and highly respected clockmaker.
Examples of Hedge's work can be found in the Mason collection at the Colchester Clock Museum.
# Schloss Rosenegg

Schloss Rosenegg is a schloss (castle) in Rosenegg, Fieberbrunn, Austria. It was built by Baron Rosenberg in 1187 and takes its name from the Rosenberg family, which governed the surrounding area from 1534 to 1872. Since 1938, it has been operated as a hotel, now rated at four stars.
It is said that Napoleon stayed at the castle in 1809, after the battle of Pass Stub.
A room in the building, the Gerichtstube, or courtroom, was used for trials, as the family held the right of judgement in the area.
A tunnel links the castle to a more modern extension.
# European Association of Periurban Parks

The European Association of Periurban Parks (FEDENATUR) is an association of natural, fluvial and agricultural parks located in metropolitan and periurban areas in Europe. It is headquartered in the Serra de Collserola Natural Park in Barcelona.
FEDENATUR was created in 1997 after the 2nd Symposium on natural areas in periurban and metropolitan zones in Barcelona in 1995. It was inspired by the Rio Earth Summit of 1992.
Conference participants decided to create a network of exchanges between periurban park managers on a European scale. Over 75% of the European population lives in urban and periurban zones. Contrary to "national parks" usually located far from densely populated urban areas and designed exclusively for preservation, the natural areas in periurban zones have to protect biodiversity while being frequented by a larger public.

## Projects

FEDENATUR has promoted and participated in three European Interreg projects to technical exchanges and raising awareness on the concept of Periurban Parks.
FEDENATUR has also conducted two surveys. The first (in 2004) to identify periurban parks and list their functions (environmental, social, economic). The second one (2009–2012) to analyse more deeply the characteristics of different periuban parks regarding management, social use and equipment.
In 2005, FEDENATUR joined the European Habitats Forum (EHF), which assembles leading European nature conservation organisations to provide advice on the implementation and future development of EU biodiversity policy.
In 2008, FEDENATUR promoted a Recommendation – that was approved- at the IUCN World Congress in favour of protecting periurban natural areas around cities and metropolitan areas.
FEDENATUR is currently giving input through different documents and mechanisms into the current EC Green Infrastructure Strategy.

## FEDENATUR members

* Parc Natural de la Serra de Collserola - Barcelona
* Grand Parc Miribel Jonage - Lyon
* Parco Agricolo Sud Milano - Milan
* Green Belt of Vitoria-Gasteiz - Vitoria-Gasteiz
* Forêts rhénanes périurbaines - Strasbourg
* Monsanto Forest Park - Lisbon
* Arche de la Nature - Le Mans
* Xarxa Parcs Naturals Barcelona - Barcelona Province
* Espaces Nature de Tours - Tours
* Parco di Portofino - Genoa
* Espace Naturel Lille Métropole - Lille
* RomaNatura - Rome
* Parc de l’Espai d’Interès Natural de Gallecs - Mollet del Vallès
* Forêt de Soignes - Sonian Forest - Bruxelles
* - Milan
* Aree protette del Po e della Collina Torinese - Torino
* Espaces Verts Seine-Saint-Denis - Bobigny, Paris
* Parco di Montemarcello-Magra - Sarzana
* Red de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Andalucía
* Parc agrari de Sabadell - Parc Fluvial del Ripoll - Sabadell
* Parc Devesa-Albufera - Valencia
* Parco della Piana - Florence
* Communauté d'agglomération Grenoble Alpes Métropole
* Parco delle Groane - Milan
* Mount Hymettus Aesthetic Forest - Athens, Attica
* Parco fluviale Gesso e Stura - Cuneo
* SPAY - Union for the Protection and Development of Hymettus Mountain - Vyronas, Attica
* Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia - Katowice
* Natural Park Drahán - Troja, Prague
# Rahul Rohilla

Rahul Rohilla (born 5 July 1996 in Haryana) is an Indian racewalker.

## 2020 Summer Olympics

Rohilla qualified for the Men's 20 km walk at the 2020 Olympics with a time of 1:20:26, finishing second in the qualifying event, and will represent India in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. He finished 47th in the event.
# Neparholaspis

Neparholaspis is a genus of mites in the family Parholaspididae. There are about nine described species in Neparholaspis.

## Species

These nine species belong to the genus Neparholaspis:
* Neparholaspis cardioides Petrova, 1977
* Neparholaspis dubatolovi
* Neparholaspis evansi Krantz, 1960
* Neparholaspis longilingulatus Tseng, 1993
* Neparholaspis monticola Ishikawa, 1979
* Neparholaspis serratichela Ishikawa, 1979
* Neparholaspis serrtichela Ishikawa, 1967
* Neparholaspis shinanonis Ishikawa, 1979
* Neparholaspis unicus Petrova, 1967
# There You Are (Goo Goo Dolls song)

"There You Are" is the debut single by the Goo Goo Dolls. It was the trio's first single and first music video released.
It was the first and only single from their third album, Hold Me Up.

## Music video

The music video for "There You Are" features the band members playing at Pilot Field in their hometown of Buffalo, New York.

## Track listing

* "There You Are" - 3:07

## Cassette promo track listing

* "There You Are" - 3:07
* "On Your Side" - 3:05
* "Sad Letters" by "Junk monkeys" - 3:05
* "Funhouse" by "Junk monkeys"- ?:??

## Personnel

* Johnny Rzeznik–guitar, lead vocals
* Robby Takac–bass guitar
* George Tutuska–drums

## Charts

| Chart (1991) | Peak position |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 24 |
# Buittle

Buittle is an ecclesiastical and civil parish in Dumfries and Galloway, southwest Scotland, in the traditional county of Kirkcudbrightshire. It lies to the west of the Urr Water, between Dalbeattie and Castle Douglas, and extends from Haugh of Urr in the north to Almorness Point on the Solway Firth in the south. The main settlement is the small village of Palnackie.

## Etymology

The name is derived from Old English bōtl, meaning "a dwelling, dwelling-place, house", giving Buittle the same etymology as Bootle in England.

## History

Northumbrian expansion into what was the kingdoms of Rheged and Strathclyde in the 7th and 8th centuries left a number of Anglian names throughout southwest Scotland, and it would appear that the name Buittle is one of these relics.
Buittle was in the semi-independent Kingdom of Galloway which is recorded between the 11th and 13th century. It remained part of that lordship until Dervorguilla, daughter of the last King, Alan of Galloway, married the Anglo-Norman John de Baliol in 1223. John and Dervorguilla raised Buittle Castle to replace an earlier motte, and the remains of the castle can still be seen.
John de Baliol established Balliol College, one of the oldest colleges of the University of Oxford, in around 1263. Following his death in 1269 Dervorguilla provided the college with a permanent endowment, and her statutes of 1282 are preserved by the college. The statutes conclude with the sentence "Dat' apud Botel in octauis Assumpcionis gloriose uirginis Marie anno gracie MCC octogesimo secundo." That is, "Given at Buittle, in the octave of the Assumption of the Glorious Virgin Mary, in the year of Grace one thousand two hundred and eighty two."
Buittle became the Scottish residence of their son John Balliol, who was King of Scotland from 1292 to 1296. Galloway remained faithful to King John and his son Edward Balliol throughout the Wars of Scottish Independence, which saw the Balliols defeated the Robert the Bruce and his son David II. The latter, in 1369, appointed Archibald the Grim as Lord of Galloway, "becaus he tuke git trawell to purge the cuntrey of Englis blude". Archibald forbore to remain at Buittle and took up the residence of the older Kings of Galloway at Kirkcudbright.
Old Place of Buittle also known as Buittle Tower, late C16 fortified house.

## Buittle Parish Church

The present Buittle Parish Church, now closed, was built in 1818 by architect Walter Newall to replace a medieval church, the remains of which stand in the churchyard. This church was dedicated to Saint Colman, the nave has been dated to the 13th century. Around 1381 the church was given to the monks of Sweetheart Abbey at New Abbey. The old church is a scheduled monument.
# Cromford Wharf

Cromford Wharf is at Cromford in Derbyshire, England.
It is located at the northern terminus of the Cromford Canal, which opened in 1794 and ran 14.5 miles (23 km) from here to the Erewash Canal in Derbyshire. The wharf stands on Mill Lane opposite Richard Arkwright's Cromford Mill, and surviving buildings include two warehouses - one of which is now a cafe - an office or counting house, and two cottages. The wharf was once totally enclosed by a stone perimeter wall, which included other buildings, but these buildings have not survived.
The yard serves today as a car park.
The Canal Warehouse was built in 1794, soon after the canal opened, and is known as the Gothic Warehouse, after the design of the side elevation. (These Gothic castellations, just visible in the top picture, were probably included at the insistence of Sir Richard Arkwright, who would be able to see it from Willersley Castle, his intended home.) This warehouse was owned by Nathaniel Wheatcroft, a principal carrier on the canal. Today the Arkwright Society manages the Warehouse, having leased it since 1995, where two rooms are used as classrooms, and public exhibitions are sometimes held there. The Society offers tours of the Wharf and the canal.
A second warehouse was constructed in 1824, and was used to store goods awaiting carriage by boat, protected by the overhanging awning. Today a café and wildlife shop are open on the ground floor of this building.
Construction of the Counting House started in 1794.
The Wharf Cottages were built in 1796 for administrative staff.
The canal towpath, which starts at the Wharf, can be followed to High Peak Junction (the start of the High Peak Trail), and as far as Whatstandwell and Ambergate. This 6-mile (10 km) section is listed as a Biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), and also forms part of the Derwent Valley Heritage Way.
vteCromford Canal :
Legend :
# Crowsonius

Crowsonius is a genus of beetles in the family Monotomidae, containing the following species:
* Crowsonius meliponae Pakaluk & Slipinski, 1993
* Crowsonius parensis Pakaluk & Slipinski, 1995
* Crowsonius similis Pakaluk & Slipinski, 1993
# Operation Crucible (play)

Operation Crucible is a play by Kieran Knowles about the Sheffield Blitz, the German Luftwaffe bombing of Sheffield, England, during the Second World War. The drama focuses on a group of four Some sources draw on publicity material which implies the characters are not fictionalised (fictional) steelworkers trapped inside the cellar of the Marples Hotel, in the city's Fitzalan Square, which was destroyed during bombing on 12 December 1940.

## History

The first play by actor Kieran Knowles. Operation Crucible, directed by Bryony Shanahan, opened for a run of nine performances at the small Finborough Theatre in Chelsea, London in December 2013. It had a second run at the venue in July 2015 as the theatre's main production, It transferred to the Crucible Theatre studio, Sheffield, again directed by Shanahan, where it opened in October 2016 for a seventeen-day run. John Murphy in The Stage, reviewing the play at the Sheffield theatre, commented on the "gorgeously poetic quality to Knowles’ dialogue, especially in the cast's rapid-fire, rhythmic delivery".
Operation Crucible transferred to 59E59 theaters in New York City in May 2018 as part of the theatre's Brits Off Broadway Festival and was Ben Brantley's New York Times Critics Pick It was adapted for BBC Radio Four and aired in July 2018 directed by Toby Swift.
Operation Crucible started an Off-Broadway run at the Davenport Theatre in October 2018. Salvatore D’Aquila, Christopher McCurry, James Wallwork, and playwright Kieran Knowles play the four men trapped by the bombing.
# Opapimiskan Lake Airport

Opapimiskan Lake Airport (IATA: YBS, TC LID: CKM8) is adjacent to Opapimiskan Lake, Ontario, Canada.
# Oorderen

Oorderen was a small Belgian village near the city of Antwerp until 1965. It was demolished because of the extension of the Port of Antwerp.
The village was first mentioned in 1116 and merged into the city of Antwerp in 1927.
In its place came Plant 2 of General Motors, later Opel Antwerp, now defunct.
Another part of the village was taken by the railroad yard Antwerp-North and railway station Antwerp-Harbour.
Other villages that were taken by the harbor of Antwerp are Wilmarsdonk, Oosterweel [nl] and Lillo [nl]
# Operational bill

Operational bills are a tendering document for estimating costs prepared by architects that describes a construction project in terms of the operations (which include labour and plant) needed to build it. This form of document contrasts with that of bills of quantities in which such tendering and estimation is limited to the materials in the completed work. Operational bills have the advantages of enhancing communication between design and production, enabling realistic tender pricing, and making the preparation of critical-path analysis easy for the contractor.
Operational bills were proposed and developed by Edward Skoyles at Building Research Establishment in the 1960s. Priced-activity schedules of the New Engineering Contract are a modern related form, prepared by the contractor.

## Creation

An operation is defined as a piece of construction work which can be carried out by a gang of operatives without interruption from another gang. A procedure diagram is provided that shows the relationship of operations to each other and so which are done in sequence and which are done in parallel. This allows a critical-path analysis to be quickly created by the contractor. There are two sections: the first deals with site operations in terms of schedules of materials, labour and plant requirements, and the second, any work prefabricated adjacent or off site. At the end of the bill, management and plant resources are given so they are included.

## History

After operational bills were proposed, a second half-way house version with bills of quantities was suggested initially called "activity bills", but then as "Bills of quantities (operations)". In this, the operations are described in terms of the rules of the standard method of measurement rather than labour and materials. A further development was the use of the principles of operational bills in the priced-activity schedules of the New Engineering Contract.

## Advantages and disadvantages
### Advantages

* Separates the costs of labour, materials and plant thus enabling cost control.
* Increases the accuracy of estimating.
* Costs can be related to factors that directly determine them such as overall plant usage.
* Allows the reuse of information created in estimating for project management.
* Enables better estimation of variation in works.

### Disadvantages

* Bulky and costly to produce so increasing the work of the contractor’s estimators.
* Radically changes the estimating process.
* Does not fit in with current contracts in regard to work variation.
* It needs computers to allow rapid manipulation of the data: this did not exist when it was originally proposed.
* The design team responsible for creating the operational bill need not be "very familiar with the buildability issues as they affect the construction process".
# Operational artificial intelligence

Operational artificial intelligence, or operational AI, is a type of intelligent system designed for real-world applications, particularly at commercial scale. The term is used to distinguish accessible artificially intelligent (AI) systems from fundamental AI research and from industrial AI applications which are not integrated with the routine usage of a business. The definition of operational AI differs throughout the IT industry, where vendors and individual organizations often create their own custom definitions of such processes and services for the purpose of marketing their own products.
Applications include text analytics, advanced analytics, facial and image recognition, machine learning, and natural language generation.

## Definitions

According to a white paper by software company Tupl Inc, continuous machine learning model training and results extraction in the telecom industry requires a large number of automation utilities in order to "facilitate the development and deployment of a multitude of use cases, the collection and correlation of the data, the creation and training of the models, and the operation at telecom-grade levels of security and availability".
Researchers in the University of Waterloo's Artificial Intelligence Group describe operational AI in terms of the focus on applications that bring value to products and company. University of Waterloo Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Fakhri Karray describes operational AI as "application of AI for the masses". Canada Research Chair and Associate Professor Alexander Wong (professor) describes operational AI as AI for "anyone, anywhere, anytime."

## Related terms

Industrial AI refers to intelligent systems applied for business at any scale and for any use case.
# Operational context

An operational context (OLC) for an operation is the external environment that influences its operation. For a mobile application, the OLC is defined by the combined hardware/firmware/software configurations of several appliances or devices, as well as the bearer of the mobiles of these units and other work position environment this person as the key stakeholder makes use of in timely, spatial and modal coincidence.
This concept differs from the operating context and does not address the operating system of computers.

## Example

The classic example is defined by the electronic leash configuration, where one mobile appliance is wirelessly tethered to another such appliance. The function of this electronic leash is to set an aural alarm with any of these two in case of unintentional leaving one of these two behind.

### Implementing the example

Several suppliers offer the electronic leash solution. A new aspect has been launched with Bluetooth low energy for better economised battery life cycle. Special trimming serves for two years operation from a button cell.
# Cults, Aberdeen

Cults (/ˈkʌlts/ KULTS) is a suburb on the western edge of Aberdeen, Scotland. It lies on the banks of the River Dee and marks the eastern boundary of Royal Deeside.
Cults, known for its historic granite housing, sits approximately six miles from the coast of the North Sea. Cults maintains village status and many of the societal structures found in a country village, despite its proximity to the west of Aberdeen. The name is a corruption of Coilltean, the Scottish Gaelic word for "Woods". There are various green spaces in Cults, the largest of these being Allan Park, a public park situated near the golf club and the River Dee. The park is also home to the Cults Cricket Club.

## History

Originally, Cults had two railway stations on the Royal Deeside Railway Line, West Cults and Cults before the line was closed in the middle of the 20th century. The route has since been converted into a cycle path and walkway which leads to Duthie Park in Aberdeen in one direction and further into Deeside in the other, running alongside Cults' public park, Allan Park. Cults was also on a tram route between Aberdeen and Bieldside, operated by the Aberdeen Suburban Tramways Company until 1927. Today, public transport to Aberdeen takes the form of buses.

## Notable people

* Rev Thomas Jackson Crawford DD FRSE was minister of Cults, living in the manse
* Majel Davidson, artist
* Stuart Holden, retired United States national team player, TV analyst, and co-owner of RCD Mallorca
* Anna (Nan) Shepherd, writer, literary critic, and teacher
* Archibald Smith, recipient of the Victoria Cross

## Amenities

Cults is served by a variety of small shops, churches, modest-sized hotels and eateries, mostly situated in the village centre. Key amongst them are the Kelly of Cults supermarket, which closed in 2015; the golf-themed Cults Hotel; the Deeside Golf Club (shared with Bieldside.) Similarly, the local shop situated on Kirk Brae (commonly known as 'Archie's') has been a mainstay of Cults since the 1970s. Cults is also home to the Cults Parish Church, which was formed by the merger of the Cults East and Cults West parishes, with the buildings of the former now housing an outreach centre. There are several local shops operating, including a family run toy shop (Will's toy shop / Alexander R Will), a gift, furniture and interior shop (Sonya Angus) and a number of hairdressers. Cults was also once home to the Stakis-owned Royal Darroch Hotel which exploded on an October morning in 1983 due to gas build up, killing six staff and guests. A few chain stores have branches in Cults, along with C.K.D Galbraith and the Bank of Scotland.

## Education

There are three main schools in the village: the state-run Cults Primary School and Cults Academy (one of Scotland's top-performing secondary schools). The village is also only a short drive from the International School of Aberdeen (ISA) in Pitfodels and a complex of Rudolf Steiner Camphill schools in Bieldside.
# Ophiusa discriminans

Ophiusa discriminans is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1858. It is found in Brunei, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Thailand and in Australia in the Northern Territory and Queensland.
The larvae feed on Melaleuca species.

## Subspecies

* Ophiusa discriminans discriminans
* Ophiusa discriminans sublutea (New Guinea)

## Gallery

* Female, dorsal view
* Female, ventral view
* Male, dorsal view
* Male, ventral view
# Ophtalmibidion auba

Ophtalmibidion auba is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 1999.
# Cumming baronets

The Cumming Baronetcy was a title in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. It was created for Sir Alexander Cumming, 1st Baronet on 28 February 1695.

## Cumming baronets of Culter, Scotland (1695)

* Sir Alexander Cumming, 1st Baronet (c.1670–1725)
* Sir Alexander Cumming, 2nd Baronet (1690–1775)
* Sir Alexander Cumming, 3rd Baronet (c.1737–c.1793)