# Candidates of the 1906 Australian federal election

This article provides information on candidates who stood for the 1906 Australian federal election. The election was held on 12 December 1906.

## By-elections, appointments and defections
### By-elections and appointments

* On 26 February 1904, Norman Cameron (Free Trade) was elected to replace Sir Edward Braddon (Free Trade) as the member for Wilmot.
* On 30 March 1904, William Maloney (Labour) was elected to replace Sir Malcolm McEacharn (Protectionist) as the member for Melbourne. McEacharn's election in 1903 had been declared void.
* On 18 May 1904, John Chanter (Protectionist) was elected to replace Robert Blackwood (Free Trade) as the member for Riverina. Blackwood's election in 1903 had been declared void.
* On 12 October 1906, Isaac Isaacs (Protectionist) resigned as the member for Indi. H. B. Higgins (Protectionist) resigned as the member for Northern Melbourne the following day. Due to the proximity of the election, no by-elections were held.

### Defections

* In 1904, Independent MP James Wilkinson (Moreton) joined the Labour Party.
* In 1904, the Free Trade Party under its leader George Reid took office from the Watson Labour Government. Protectionists Senator James Drake (Queensland), James McCay (Corinella), Allan McLean (Gippsland) and Sir George Turner (Balaclava) accepted office under Reid and effectively ended their connection with the Protectionist Party, becoming Free Trade MPs. They were joined by Richard Edwards (Oxley), Senator Simon Fraser (Victoria), Sir Philip Fysh (Denison) and James McColl (Echuca). Around this time the Revenue Tariff Party was dissolved, and its two parliamentarians, Senator Henry Dobson (Tasmania) and William McWilliams (Franklin), also became Free Traders. Protectionists Sir John Forrest (Swan) and Sir John Quick (Bendigo) also dissolved their relationship with Deakin's party, but stopped short of joining the Free Traders. They were the beginning of what became known as the "Corner" group of independent conservative protectionists.
* In 1906, the Free Trade Party was renamed the Anti-Socialist Party.
* In 1906, the Western Australian Party was formed. Sir John Forrest (Swan), formerly a Protectionist, ran as its endorsed candidate, but in reality remained a member of the "Corner" group.
* Anti-Socialist MP Norman Cameron (Wilmot) lost pre-selection and contested the election as an Independent.
* Labour Senator Anderson Dawson (Queensland) initially announced his intention to retire at this election. He ultimately decided to contest it, but as the Labour candidates had already been selected he ran as an Independent.
* Labour MP James Ronald (Southern Melbourne), whose seat was abolished, was unsuccessful seeking pre-selection for Melbourne Ports. He contested the election as an Independent.

## Redistributions and seat changes

* Redistributions of electoral boundaries occurred in New South Wales and Victoria.
** In New South Wales, Bland was abolished, Cook and Nepean were created, and Canobolas was renamed Calare.
*** The member for Bland, Chris Watson (Labour), contested South Sydney.
*** The member for Canobolas, Thomas Brown (Labour), contested Calare.
** In Victoria, Corinella and Moira were abolished, Maribyrnong was created, and Northern Melbourne and Southern Melbourne were renamed Batman and Fawkner respectively.
*** The member for Corinella, James McCay (Anti-Socialist), contested Corio.
*** The member for Echuca, James McColl (Anti-Socialist), contested the Senate.
*** The member for Flinders, James Gibb (Anti-Socialist), contested the New South Wales seat of Hume.
*** The member for Grampians, Thomas Skene (Anti-Socialist), contested the Senate.
*** The member for Melbourne Ports, Samuel Mauger (Protectionist), contested Maribyrnong.
*** The member for Moira, Thomas Kennedy (Protectionist), contested Echuca.
*** The member for Southern Melbourne, James Ronald (Independent), contested Melbourne Ports.

## Retiring Members and Senators
### Protectionist

* Sir Langdon Bonython MP (Barker, SA)
* Pharez Phillips MP (Wimmera, Vic)
* Senator James Drake (Qld)
* Senator Sir William Zeal (Vic)

### Free Trade

* George Edwards MP (South Sydney, NSW)
* Sir George Turner MP (Balaclava, Vic) – elected as Protectionist
* Senator Sir Richard Baker (SA)
* Senator Alexander Matheson (WA)
* Senator Staniforth Smith (WA)

## House of Representatives

Sitting members at the time of the election are shown in bold text. Successful candidates are highlighted in the relevant colour. Where there is possible confusion, an asterisk (*) is also used.

### New South Wales

| Electorate | Held by | Protectionist candidate | Anti-Socialist candidate | Labour candidate | Other candidates |
| Barrier | Labour | | George Marshall | Josiah Thomas | |
| Calare | Labour | | John Fitzpatrick | Thomas Brown | |
| Cook | Unknown | | John Hindle | James Catts | |
| Cowper | Anti-Socialist | John Thomson | Henry Lee | John O'Brien | Eugene Rudder (Ind) |
| Dalley | Anti-Socialist | | Bill Wilks | Robert Howe | |
| Darling | Labour | | Denis Acton | William Spence | |
| East Sydney | Anti-Socialist | | George Reid | John West | |
| Eden-Monaro | Protectionist | Austin Chapman | John Longmuir | | |
| Gwydir | Labour | | Thomas Cunningham | William Webster | |
| Hume | Protectionist | Sir William Lyne | James Gibb | | |
| Hunter | Anti-Socialist | | Frank Liddell | William Kearsley | |
| Illawarra | Anti-Socialist | | George Fuller | George Holt | |
| Lang | Anti-Socialist | | Elliot Johnson | Edward Bennetts | |
| Macquarie | Anti-Socialist | | Sydney Smith | Ernest Carr | |
| Nepean | Unknown | | Eric Bowden | Charles Dyer | Thomas Taylor (Ind AS) |
| Newcastle | Labour | | John Hawthorne | David Watkins | |
| New England | Anti-Socialist | | Edmund Lonsdale | Frank Foster | |
| North Sydney | Anti-Socialist | | Dugald Thomson | | |
| Parkes | Anti-Socialist | | Bruce Smith | | Hampton Slatyer (Ind AS) |
| Parramatta | Anti-Socialist | | Joseph Cook | | |
| Richmond | Protectionist | Thomas Ewing | John Sutton | | |
| Riverina | Protectionist | John Chanter | John Jackson | | |
| Robertson | Anti-Socialist | | Henry Willis | William Johnson | |
| South Sydney | Anti-Socialist | | Sir James Graham | Chris Watson | |
| Wentworth | Anti-Socialist | | Willie Kelly | William Duncan | |
| Werriwa | Anti-Socialist | | Alfred Conroy | David Hall | |
| West Sydney | Labour | | James Burns | Billy Hughes | |

### Queensland

| Electorate | Held by | Protectionist candidate | Anti-Socialist candidate | Labour candidate |
| Brisbane | Labour | | Justin Foxton | Millice Culpin |
| Capricornia | Labour | | Edward Archer | David Thomson |
| Darling Downs | Protectionist | Littleton Groom | | Horace Ransome |
| Herbert | Labour | | Walter Tunbridge | Fred Bamford |
| Kennedy | Labour | | Frederick Johnson | Charles McDonald |
| Maranoa | Labour | | Joseph Little | Jim Page |
| Moreton | Independent | | Hugh Sinclair | James Wilkinson |
| Oxley | Protectionist | | Richard Edwards | Alfred Merry |
| Wide Bay | Labour | | Jasper Harvey | Andrew Fisher |

### South Australia

| Electorate | Held by | Protectionist candidate | Anti-Socialist candidate | Labour candidate | Independent candidate(s) |
| Adelaide | Protectionist | Charles Kingston | | | |
| Angas | Anti-Socialist | | Paddy Glynn | Alexander Dey | |
| Barker | Protectionist | | John Livingston | Roland Campbell | |
| Boothby | Labour | | | Lee Batchelor | |
| Grey | Anti-Socialist | | | Alexander Poynton | |
| Hindmarsh | Labour | | | James Hutchison | |
| Wakefield | Independent | | | John Vaughan | Sir Frederick Holder |

### Tasmania

| Electorate | Held by | Protectionist candidate | Anti-Socialist candidate | Labour candidate | Other candidates |
| Bass | Protectionist | David Storrer | William Oldham | | |
| Darwin | Labour | | William Lamerton | King O'Malley | Henry Bannister (Ind AS) |
| Denison | Protectionist | | Sir Philip Fysh | George Burns | William Brown (Ind Prot) |
| Franklin | Revenue Tariff | | William McWilliams | | |
| Wilmot | Anti-Socialist | Charles Fenton | Llewellyn Atkinson | Thomas Wilson | Norman Cameron (Ind AS) |

### Victoria

| Electorate | Held by | Protectionist candidate | Anti-Socialist candidate | Labour candidate | Independent candidate(s) |
| Balaclava | Protectionist | Edward Roberts | | Alfred Hampson | Joseph Hewison (Ind AS) Agar Wynne* (Ind Prot) |
| Ballaarat | Protectionist | Alfred Deakin | | James Scullin | |
| Batman | Unknown | Jabez Coon | | Robert Solly | Samuel Painter (Ind) Roy Vernon (Ind Prot) |
| Bendigo | Protectionist | | | Thomas Glass | Sir John Quick (Ind Prot) |
| Bourke | Protectionist | James Hume Cook | Joseph Molden | Randolph Bedford | |
| Corangamite | Anti-Socialist | Desmond Dunne | Gratton Wilson | Thomas Carey | |
| Corio | Protectionist | Richard Crouch | James McCay | | |
| Echuca | Protectionist | Thomas Kennedy | Albert Palmer | | |
| Fawkner | Unknown | John Miller | | Thomas Smith | George Fairbairn (Ind Prot) |
| Flinders | Anti-Socialist | Arthur Nichols | William Irvine | | |
| Gippsland | Protectionist | George Wise | Allan McLean | | |
| Grampians | Anti-Socialist | | Hans Irvine | Edward Grayndler | |
| Indi | Protectionist | Thomas McInerney | Joseph Brown | Daniel Turnbull | |
| Kooyong | Anti-Socialist | Robert Barbour | William Knox | Edward Hodges | |
| Laanecoorie | Protectionist | Carty Salmon | Walter Grose | William Rowe | |
| Maribyrnong | Unknown | Samuel Mauger | | Clement Davidson | |
| Melbourne | Labour | | | William Maloney | William Lormer (Ind Prot) |
| Melbourne Ports | Protectionist | Edward Watts | | James Mathews | Cyril James (Ind AS) James Ronald (Ind Lab) |
| Mernda | Protectionist | Robert Harper | John Leckie | James Kenneally | Richard O'Neill (Ind Prot) |
| Wannon | Anti-Socialist | | Arthur Robinson | John McDougall | |
| Wimmera | Protectionist | | | Richard Taffe | Herman Brauer (Ind Prot) Max Hirsch (Ind AS) William Leslie (Ind AS) Sydney Sampson* (Ind Prot) |
| Yarra | Labour | | | Frank Tudor | George Roberts (Ind Lab) Richard Vale (Ind Prot) |

### Western Australia

| Electorate | Held by | Labour candidate | WAP candidate |
| Coolgardie | Labour | Hugh Mahon | John Archibald |
| Fremantle | Labour | William Carpenter | William Hedges |
| Kalgoorlie | Labour | Charlie Frazer | William Burton |
| Perth | Labour | James Fowler | Edward Thurstan |
| Swan | Protectionist | Peter O'Loghlen | Sir John Forrest |

## Senate

Sitting senators are shown in bold text. Tickets that elected at least one Senator are highlighted in the relevant colour. Successful candidates are identified by an asterisk (*).

### New South Wales

Three seats were up for election. The Anti-Socialist Party was defending three seats. Anti-Socialist Senators John Gray, John Neild and Edward Pulsford were not up for re-election.
| Anti-Socialist candidates | Labour candidates | Socialist Labor candidates |
| Albert Gould* Edward Millen* James Walker* | George Clark Allan McDougall Greg McGirr | Tom Batho James Moroney John Willcox |

### Queensland

Three seats were up for election. The Protectionist Party had held one seat. The Labour Party was defending two seats. Labour Senators Thomas Givens, James Stewart and Harry Turley were not up for re-election.
| Anti-Socialist candidates | Labour candidates | Other candidates |
| Thomas Chataway* Robert Sayers* Anthony St Ledger* | James Griffith William Higgs Jens Lundager | Anderson Dawson (Ind Lab) |

### South Australia

Three seats were up for election. The Protectionist Party was defending one seat. The Anti-Socialist Party was defending two seats. Labour Senators Robert Guthrie, Gregor McGregor and William Story were not up for re-election.
| Protectionist candidates | Anti-Socialist candidates | Labour candidates |
| Thomas Playford | David Charleston Sir Josiah Symon* Joseph Vardon* | Reginald Blundell Dugald Crosby William Russell* |

### Tasmania

Three seats were up for election. The Protectionist Party was defending one seat. The Anti-Socialist Party was defending one seat. The Labour Party was defending one seat. Protectionist Senator Edward Mulcahy and Anti-Socialist Senators Henry Dobson and James Macfarlane were not up for re-election.
| Protectionist candidates | Anti-Socialist candidates | Labour candidates |
| John Keating* | Cyril Cameron* John Clemons* Norman Ewing | James Guy David O'Keefe |

### Victoria

Three seats were up for election. The Protectionist Party was defending three seats. Protectionist Senator Robert Best, Labour Senator Edward Findley and Independent Senator William Trenwith were not up for re-election.
| Protectionist candidates | Anti-Socialist candidates | Labour candidates |
| Charles Atkins Alexander Ramsay James Styles | Simon Fraser* James McColl* Thomas Skene | Stephen Barker Edward Russell* Tom Tunnecliffe |

### Western Australia

Three seats were up for election. The Anti-Socialist Party had held two seats. The Labour Party was defending one seat. Labour Senators John Croft, Hugh de Largie and George Henderson were not up for re-election.
| Labour candidates | WAP candidates |
| Patrick Lynch* Ted Needham* George Pearce* | Charles Clarke Henry Mills Edward Wittenoom |