OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rope (torture)

The rope was an instrument of torture used by the Huguenots in their persecution of Catholics, and involved sawing the human body with a hard-fibered rope.
The victim would be stripped naked, and dragged back and forth across the rope while the fibers cut into the flesh.
# Fighting Shark No.1

Fight Shark No. 1 (Bo-Sha-Yi-Hao, 搏鲨1号) is a little known Chinese UAV mother ship built in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).
Designed by Nanjing Long Peak Aerospace Electronic Science and Technology Corporation (南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司), a subsidiary of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC), the ship was first revealed during the 13th Zhuhai Airshow in 2021,after launched in May of the same year. The ship is a catamaran design, with helipad on the foredeck in front of the superstructure, with five spots on the helipad to accommodate a total of five unmmaned helicopters. Multiple large antenna radomes mounted atop of the superstructure is presumably to house high-band width communication systems to control large numbers of UAVs.According to the information released by the developer at the Zhuhai Airshow, the ship is capable of simulating hostile drone swarms, high-volume anti-ship missile strikes, and electronic warfare attacks.
| Type | NATO designation | Pennant No. | Name (English) | Name (Han 中文) | Commissioned | Displacement | Fleet | Status |
| Type not yet publicized | ? | Bo-Sha No.1 | Fighting Shark No. 1 | 搏鲨1号 | 2021 | ? t | All fleets | Active |
# SS Francisco Morazan

Several ships have been named Francisco Morazan.
* SS Francisco Morazan (1922), a cargo ship wrecked on South Manitou Island in the Great Lakes in 1960.
* SS Francisco Morazan (1944), a Liberty ship
# Petrophile pedunculata

Petrophile pedunculata, commonly known as conesticks, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It has divided leaves with needle-shaped pinnae and oval heads of sparsely hairy yellow or cream-coloured flowers, the heads on a peduncle 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long.

## Description

Petrophile pedunculata is an erect, spindly to bushy shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) and has glabrous branchlets and leaves. The leaves are pinnate, needle-shaped but not sharply-pointed, 70–185 mm (2.8–7.3 in) long on a petiole 25–95 mm (0.98–3.74 in) long, with pinnae usually less than 20 mm (0.79 in) long. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils in oval heads 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long on a peduncle 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long. The flowers are about 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long, yellow or cream-coloured with a few soft hairs. Flowering occurs from October to January and the fruit is a nut, fused with others in an oval head up to 40 mm (1.6 in) long on a peduncle about 20 mm (0.79 in) long.
This petrophile can be distinguished from the related P. pulchella which has flowers heads that are sessile or on peduncles up to 10 mm (0.39 in) long.

## Taxonomy

Petrophile pedunculata was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in the Transactions of the Linnean Society of London from material collected near Port Jackson.

## Distribution and habitat

Petrophile pedunculata is found growing on shallow sandstone soils, often in open forest or heathlands. It is common along the coast of New South Wales between Port Jackson and Milton and on the ranges between the Blue Mountains and Marulan.
# Cypholomia

Cypholomia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae.

## Species

* Cypholomia amphiaula Meyrick, 1934
* Cypholomia crypsibela Meyrick, 1934
* Cypholomia drosocapna (Meyrick, 1933)
* Cypholomia leptodeta Meyrick, 1933
# Nwoya

Nwoya is a town in Nwoya District in the Acholi sub-region, in the Northern Region of Uganda. It is the main municipal, administrative, and commercial centre of the district. Nwoya Town Council is classified as a municipality.

## Location

Nwoya is on the main Gulu-Arua road, approximately 44 kilometres (27 mi) southwest of Gulu, the largest city in the Acholi sub-region. This is approximately 330 kilometres (205 mi), by road, northwest of Kampala, the capital and largest city of Uganda.
The coordinates of the town are 2°38'06.0"N, 32°00'00.0"E (Latitude:2.6350; Longitude:32.0000). Nwoya Town lies at an average elevation of 990 metres (3,250 ft) above sea level.

## Population

As of September 2021, the population, within a 7 kilometres (4 mi) radius of the town centre of Nwoya Municipality is estimated at 4,295.

## Overview

Several points of interest lie within or close to the town limits, including the following: (a) the headquarters of Nwoya District Administration (b) the offices of Nwoya Town Council (c) Nwoya central market, the source of daily fresh produce and (d) the Acholibur–Gulu–Olwiyo Road, arriving into town from Gulu in a north-south direction and leaves towards Olwiyo in a northeast-southwest direction.

## Challenges

Nwoya Town faces many challenges, including: (1) inadequate garbage collection and disposal (2) insufficient of public toilets downtown (3) inability to restrict roaming of domestic cows, goats, sheep, chicken and ducks (4) inadequate water supply (5) lack of public street lighting (6) inadequate security at night (7) lack of public municipal drainage (8) poor road network and (9) noise pollution.
# Chantry Island, Hertfordshire

Chantry Island is currently a small (5,300sq.m.) deciduously wooded area with a narrow, and now dry, moat, giving the impression that it is an island. It is located in the grounds of the former All Saints Pastoral Centre in London Colney, Hertfordshire.
Chantry Island is famous as being the alleged place of arrest of Saint Alban, the first Christian martyr in what is now the United Kingdom.
The local legend associated with the island is that Alban had harboured a fugitive priest at his home on Chantry Island and, when they heard of the impending arrival of Roman soldiers, Alban changed clothes with the priest so that he himself, and not the priest, would be arrested. Alban was arrested, and taken to nearby Verulamium, where he would later be martyred. Verulamium was later renamed St Albans in his honour.
The chantry chapel on the island is first mentioned in land records around 1100 AD. It was then dedicated to St John the Baptist. The chapel fell into disuse in 1471. The remains of the chapel built on Chantry Island became a site of local pilgrimage and, in about 1920, some restoration workers rebuilt the walls to a height of about 60 cm.
# Bradshaw's Ferry

Bradshaw's Ferry was a ferry at the crossing point on the Colorado River, of the Bradshaw Trail at Olive City and later at Mineral City and Ehrenburg, between what was then San Diego County, California, and Arizona County, New Mexico Territory. The ferry connected the Bradshaw Trail to the road to the gold placers of La Paz, the first big strike of the Colorado River Gold Rush. From 1863, the La Paz - Wikenburg Road connected the Bradshaw Trail to the new mining boom town settlements in the interior of Arizona Territory.

## History

Bradshaw's Ferry was established by William D. Bradshaw soon after he had discovered the route of the Bradshaw Trail when he made a partnership with William Warringer of La Paz to establish a ferry on Providence Point, across the river from Olive City and the road to nearby La Paz. Williams returned to Los Angeles and published an announcement in the Los Angeles Star of the new road between San Gorgonio Pass he had established and of the ferry to the goldfields at the end of the trail.
On November 7, 1864, the Territorial Legislature permitted the ferry, now in Yuma County, Arizona Territory, to charge $4.00 for a wagon and 2 horses, $3.00 for a carriage and 1 horse, $1.00 for saddle horse, $0.50 for a man afoot, $0.50 a head for cattle and horses, $0.25 a head for sheep. It was authorized to operate ferries at any and every point between Mineral City and five miles above La Paz for up to twenty years. At first the ferry operated at Olive City then in 1864 at Mineral City, and lastly at Ehrenburg from 1866 when it replaced the two other settlements. William Bradshaw himself left operations of the ferry to his brother Issac and died in 1864, officially a suicide, but possibly a murder. Issac Bradshaw sold out his interest in 1867.
# Spei Satelles

Spei Satelles (or SpeiSat) is the first Vatican satellite, it consists of a 3U cubesat and was launched in 2023 by a Falcon 9 from Vandenberg Space Force Base on a rideshare mission.
The satellite was created by the Politecnico di Torino and promoted by the Dicastery for Communication of the Holy See with coordination from the Italian space agency (ASI).
The mission logo was created by the students and teachers of the IUSVE Salesian University Institute in Venice.

## Payloads

SpeiSat hosts 2 on-board computers, a battery, small magnets to stabilize the satellite and 2 UHF transmitters in order to broadcast messages from Pope Francis on a 437.5 MHz frequency.
The satellite also contains a nanobook created by the National Research Council (CNR) with the Holy Father's book in his shell and a file containing messages and images of the 2020 Statio Orbis written in binary due to the small dimensions.
# Qianling Mountain

Qianling Mountain (Chinese: 黔灵山; pinyin: Qiánlíng Shān) is an inner-city mountain located at Guiyang, Guizhou, China. The mountain's name refers to Qian, which is the short name of Guizhou province. As an inner-city mountain, its attractions include a temperate forest and a lake.

## Mountains

The list of mountains included Zhangti, Baota, Tiyu, Santai, Shiyu, Xiangwang, Daluo, and Tanshan. The Daluo mountain is the highest among them, with an elevation of 1500 m.

## History

The first Buddhist temple was built in 1672 by the 33rd generation of the Linji Buddhist Chisong monk. The temple is named Hongfu temple, which in Chinese means the massiveness of Buddha's blessing. The temple is visited by thousands of tourists and worshipers daily.

## Attractions

* "9 turn" hike to the Hongfu temple
* Hongfu temple
* Mountain top view of the Guiyang city
* Qianling zoo
* Kylin cave
* Qianling Lake
* Monkey park
# Bolberry

Bolberry is a hamlet on the south coast of Devon, England.
The village is mentioned in Domesday Book in 1066 and 1086, which shows the land was of little value at the time.
Along with Bolberry Down it falls within the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Bolberry Farmhouse dates from the 16th century, while Bolberry House Farm was built in the mid 19th century.
# Ribston Preceptory

Ribston Preceptory was a priory just east of the village of Little Ribston, in North Yorkshire, England on the east bank of the River Nidd. The preceptory at Ribston was founded in 1217, when Robert de Ros donated the land and advowson of Ribston to the Knights Templar.
When the Knights Templar were suppressed between 1308 and 1312, the preceptory at Ribston was granted to the Knights Hospitaller. They held it until the Dissolution in 1540, but by this point they had mostly abandoned it and it was being worked by Lay farmers.
In 1674, the now grade II* listed Ribston Hall was erected on the site, however a 13th-century chapel which adjoins the hall survives.

## Burials in the chapel

* Sir John Goodricke, 1st Baronet
* Sir Henry Goodricke, 2nd Baronet
* Sir Henry Goodricke, 4th Baronet
# Brombos

Brombos is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# Pheromones (Animal Alpha album)

Pheromones is the first studio album released by the Norwegian rock band Animal Alpha. The track "Bundy" was featured in the video games NHL 06, Burnout Revenge and Burnout Legends. "Bundy" is also included in the end credits of the film Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters, but is not included in the film's soundtrack.

## Track listing

All songs composed by Animal Alpha
* "Billy Bob Jackson" – 4:09
* "I.R.W.Y.T.D" – 2:44
* "Bundy" – 3:47
* "Most Wanted Cowboy" – 5:37
* "Catch Me" – 2:36
* "101 Ways" – 5:52
* "Deep In" – 4:23
* "My Droogies" – 5:44
* "Bend Over" – 4:35
* "Remember The Day" – 2:47
# Computerize

Computerize or computerization may refer to:
* Equipping with a general purpose computer, embedded computer, or computer system
* Equipping something with or the usage of software
* Business process reengineering that converts a manual process into one done by a computer
* Digital transformation of a service or business
* Inputting data (computing) into computers
* Digitizing information for computers
* Creating computer-generated content
# Channel 36

Channel 36 refers to several television stations:

## Canada

The following television stations broadcast on digital or analog channel 36 (UHF frequencies covering 603.25-607.75 MHz) in Canada:
* CHNE-TV in Chéticamp, Nova Scotia lately move to channel 25
* CITS-DT in Burlington, Ontario lately move to channel 14
* CKWS-TV-3 in Smiths Falls, Ontario lately move to channel 19
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 36 in Canada:
* CITS-DT in Burlington, Ontario

## Philippines

* Central Luzon Television 36, Pampanga.

## Vietnam

* DN1-RTV, Dong Nai
# Rybníček (Havlíčkův Brod District)

Rybníček is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 70 inhabitants.
Rybníček lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Havlíčkův Brod, 42 km (26 mi) north of Jihlava, and 86 km (53 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Cigaritis dufranei

Cigaritis dufranei is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in southern Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Haut-Zaire and Kivu).
# U68

U68 may refer to:
* German submarine U-68, various vessels
* Great truncated icosidodecahedron
* Small nucleolar RNA SNORA68
* WFUT-DT, a television station licensed to Newark, New Jersey
# Rosa 'Alexander MacKenzie'

Rosa 'Alexander Mackenzie' (aka A. MacKenzie) is a red, short climbing shrub rose, bred by Canadian rose breeder, Felicitas Svejda. It was introduced in Canada in 1985 by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. It is one of the Canadian Explorer roses that Svejda developed and named in honour of legendary Canadian explorers.

## Description

'Alexander MacKenzie' is a short climbing, shrub rose, 5 to 8 ft (1.5–2.4 m) in height, with a 7 ft (2.1 m) spread. It has a cupped, fully double bloom form, carried in large clusters of 5 to 5 medium-sized 3 in (76 mm) petals. Pointed, ovoid buds open to flowers that are a bright crimson colour with yellow undertones. The rose has a mild fragrance, and has glossy, medium dark green foliage. 'Alexander MacKenzie' has an arching growth habit and can either be grown as a short climber or a shrub. It is an excellent rose for hot climates.

## History
### Felicitas Svejda

Felicitas Svejda was born November 8, 1920, in Vienna, Austria. She studied agricultural science at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, where she earned a PhD in 1948. She moved to Canada in 1953, and was hired by the Canadian Department of Agriculture's research division in Ottawa, Ontario. Her first project was researching cereal grains, but later began working with ornamental plants. Svejda was given a new project in 1961 to create a series of winter hardy roses, which would thrive in the coldest regions of Canada, with sub-freezing winter temperatures of -50 C, and would also flower regularly during Canada's short growing season.
With no prior knowledge of roses, Svejvda developed a successful rose-breeding program at the Central Experimental Farm (CEF) in Ottawa. From the 1960s to the 1980s, she introduced many new cultivars, including 22 roses in the Explorer Rose Series, named in honour of Canadian explorers. Some of her most popular cultivars are: 'John Cabot', 'Jens Munk', 'David Thompson', and 'Henry Kelsey'. Svejvda led the rose-breeding program at CEF for 25 years, until her retirement in 1985. Her roses continued to be introduced in Canada well into the 1990s. Svejda died Jan. 19, 2016 in Ottawa at the age 95.

### 'Alexander MacKenzie'

Svejda bred 'Alexander MacKenzie' in 1985 using stock parents, 'Queen Elizabeth' × ('Red Dawn' × 'Suzanne'). The cultivar is one of the Explorer Roses that Svejda developed to withstand the harsh Canadian winters and thrive in its short growing season. The plant was named in honour of Alexander MacKenzie (1763—1820), the Scottish-born explorer who led the first expedition to cross the Continental Divide in Canada and reach the Pacific Coast in British Columbia.
# Sabicea cinerea

Sabicea cinerea, the largeflower woodvine, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a perennial dicot with both vine and shrub growth habits. It is a native plant of Puerto Rico.
# Pheromones (The Hard Aches album)

Pheromones is the debut studio album by Australian melodic punk/alternative rock band The Hard Aches, released on 22 May 2015 by Anchorhead Records.

## Background and promotion

THe Hard Aches began working on their debut album in 2013. In a 2016 interview with The Brag, drummer Alex Upton explained: "A lot of the songs that ended up on Pheromones were written around the time that we put out our last EP (Organs & Airports) back in 2013. By the time that we’d recorded them, they were at least 18-months old and had been a part of the setlist for ages."
In April 2015, The Hard Aches released the single "I Get Like This", and announced the upcoming release of their debut album. The song, along with its accompanying music video, were well received by critics and fans.
The Hard Aches released their debut album, Pheromones, in May 2015. The twelve-track album spawned a second single, "Knots", which also received a music video in July 2015.

## Critical reception

The album received positive reviews. Happy Mag praised the album, saying "Pheromones is the ideal debut album, showing maturity and talent far beyond The Hard Aches’ experience as a relatively new band". Woroni gave the album a positive review, describing it as: "a great album for those thinking about jumping on the folk-punk bandwagon".

## Track listing

Track listing adapted from BandCamp.

## Personnel
### The Hard Aches

* Ben David – lead vocals, guitar, bass guitar
* Alex Upton – drums

### Additional musicians

* Brianna Mahoney – additional vocals
* Steve Rosewarne – additional vocals

### Production

* Matt Hills – mixing and mastering

### Design

* Chris Cowburn – cover design
* Bec Stevens – photography
* Sianne van Abkoude – insert design

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| Australia | 22 May 2015 | Anchorhead Records | CD, LP, digital download, streaming | ANC016 |
# Oriental Orthodoxy in Germany

Oriental Orthodoxy in Germany is part of the Oriental Orthodox Christian tradition. Before the beginning of the 20th century, the presence of Oriental Orthodox Christianity in Germany was minor, mainly represented by Armenian communities. It was gradually increasing in the second half of the century with immigration, mainly from the region of Middle East. Today, it is a growing community, well integrated into German society.

## Oriental Orthodox jurisdictions in Germany

* Armenian Apostolic Church
** Armenian Orthodox Diocese of Cologne
* Coptic Orthodox Church
** Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Höxter
* Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
** Ethiopian Orthodox Diocese of Cologne
* Syriac Orthodox Church
** Syriac Orthodox Metropolis of Germany
# OSHC

OSHC may refer to:
* Out of School Hours Care
* Overseas Student Health Cover
# Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve

The Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network (formerly Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve) is a UNESCO-designated biosphere reserve. The Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network is part of a global network of 727 biosphere reserves in 131 countries and it is one of 28 internationally recognized biosphere regions in the United States.

## Summary

The Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network straddles the border of north-central New York and northwestern Vermont. Lake Champlain, the sixth largest lake in the United States, and the Adirondack and Green Mountains are the central features of the biosphere region. It includes extensive temperate coniferous and deciduous forests as well as large numbers of lakes, bogs, and freshwater wetlands. The primary goal of the Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network is to use education, research, and demonstration projects to encourage social and economic vitality and to preserve and improve the environmental health of the region.
This temperate broadleaf forest measures 3,990,000 hectares in total. Its core area measures 960,000 hectares, its buffer zones 1,130,000 hectares, and transition areas 1,900,000 hectares. Its altitude is +29 to +1,629.
It was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1989. The administrative authorities overseeing the Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network include Adirondack Park Agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Forest Service, and the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources. The Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network is managed by co-chairs Jim Brangan, Cultural Heritage and Recreation Coordinator for the Lake Champlain Basin Program (LCBP) and assistant director of the Champlain Valley National Heritage Partnership (CVNHP), Professor Kelly Cerialo from Paul Smith's College, and a steering committee composed of members from New York and Vermont.

## Research

Research in the Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network focuses on atmospheric pollutants, water quality, watershed management, geographic information systems, and forest research or silviculture. Specific abiotic variables include acid rain and hydrology.

## Socioeconomic characteristics

The biosphere region and its outlying areas are inhabited by over 400,000 people (1994) and are within a day's drive of 60 million people living in the U.S. and Canada. Of all the biosphere reserves in the United States, it has the highest population. Forestry and tourism are the economic base in the Adirondack region on the New York side of Lake Champlain. The more diverse economy on the Vermont side of the lake is based on forestry, farming, tourism, light manufacturing, and production of specialty agricultural products.
# Rybníky (Znojmo District)

Rybníky is a municipality and village in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Rybníky lies approximately 27 kilometres (17 mi) north-east of Znojmo, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Brno, and 179 km (111 mi) south-east of Prague.