OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vere Chappell

Vere Claiborne Chappell ( March 22, 1930 – January 28, 2019) was an American philosopher and scholar specializing in early modern philosophy, history of philosophy, philosophy of mind and action, and metaphysics.
Chappell was born in Rochester, New York, in 1930, receiving his PhD from Yale University in 1958.
In 2008 a collection of essays was published in honor of his work.
Chappell died in North Adams, Massachusetts, on January 28, 2019, at the age of 88.

## Education

* Yale University (1947–53) - BA (1951); MA (1953)
* Universität Heidelberg (1953–54)
* Yale University (1954–57) - PhD (1958)

## Career

* Yale University - Assistant in Instruction (1954–55); Instructor (1955–57)
* University of Chicago - Instructor (1957–61); Assistant Professor (1961–63); Associate Professor (1963–68); Professor (1968–70)
* North Central College - Visiting Professor (Summer 1965)
* Indiana University - Visiting Professor (1967)
* University of Illinois, Chicago - Visiting Professor (1967)
* University of Illinois, Urbana - Visiting Professor (1968)
* University of Notre Dame - Visiting Professor (1969)
* University of Southern California - Visiting Professor (1969)
* University of Massachusetts Amherst - Professor (1970–2006); Emeritus (2006–)
* Smith College - Visiting Professor (1973; 1974)
* Mount Holyoke College - Visiting Professor (1982; 1983; 1985; 1988; 1990; 1991; 1992)
* Università per Stranieri di Siena - Exchange Professor (1993)
* Amherst College - Visiting Professor (1996)

## Publications
### Books

* The Philosophy of Mind, edited with Introduction (Prentice-Hall, 1962); new ed. (Dover, 1981).
* The Philosophy of David Hume, edited with Introduction (Modern Library, 1963).
* Ordinary Language, edited with Introduction (Prentice-Hall, 1964); new ed. (Dover, 1981).
* Hume, edited with Introduction (Anchor Books, 1966).
* Twenty-five Years of Descartes Scholarship, 1960-1984: A Bibliography, with Willis Doney (Garland, 1987).
* Essays on Early Modern Philosophers: From Descartes and Hobbes to Newton and Leibniz, edited with Introductions. 12 Vols. (Garland, 1992).
* The Cambridge Companion to Locke, edited with Introduction (Cambridge University Press, 1994).
* Descartes's Meditations, edited with Introduction (Rowman & Littlefield, 1997).
* Locke, edited with Introduction (Oxford University Press, 1998).
* Hobbes and Bramhall on Liberty and Necessity, edited with Introduction (Cambridge University Press, 1999).
# Bloodhouse (rough pub)

Bloodhouse is an Australian and New Zealand slang term for a pub, bar or hotel that has a reputation for violence and disorder. The term dates from early in the 20th century.
# Cupidesthes salvatoris

Cupidesthes salvatoris, the Salvatore's ciliate blue, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Sierra Leone.
# Colophon izardi

Colophon izardi is a species of beetle in family Lucanidae. It is endemic to South Africa.
# Bourgade

Bourgade is a French-language surname meaning "small village whose houses are more scattered than in town". Notable people with the surname include:
* François Bourgade (1806–1866), French missionary and philosopher
* Peter Bourgade (1845–1908)
# Shook Ones

Shook Ones may refer to:
* Shook Ones (band), an American musical group
* "Shook Ones" (song), a 1994 song by Mobb Deep
* "Shook Ones, Part II", a 1995 song by Mobb Deep
* "Shook Ones Pt. II", an episode of American TV series Euphoria
# Twin Lakes (Mammoth Lakes, California)

Twin Lakes is a set of connected lakes at the base of the southeastern slope of Mammoth Mountain, in Mono County of eastern California. They are in the eastern Sierra Nevada, and within the Inyo National Forest.
Twin Lakes are the lowest lakes in the Mammoth Lakes Basin. On one side of the lake are lava cliffs that were formed by eruptions of Mammoth Mountain. The other side of the lake has the Inyo National Forest's Twin Lakes Campground, and Tamarack Lodge of the Mammoth Mountain Ski Area.
# Sophie von Kühn

Christiane Wilhelmine Sophie von Kühn (17 March 1782 – 19 March 1797) was the love interest and eventual fiancée of the German Romantic poet and philosopher Friedrich von Hardenberg, known simply as Novalis. Her image famously appears in Novalis’ Hymns to the Night, a foundational text of the literary movement known as German Romanticism.
Although Novalis's love for Sophie has assumed mythic proportions, their time together was short and uneventful. The two met on 17 November 1794 when Novalis was twenty-two and Sophie was only twelve. They became engaged on Sophie's thirteenth birthday 17 March 1795. Sophie became sick in November 1795, and her sickness continued until her death at the age of 15 in March 1797. The loss of Sophie brought about a deep period of mourning and suffering in Novalis' life. Even so, he became engaged to Julie von Charpentier in December 1798.
The depth of Sophie's love for Novalis is uncertain given her young age. Some of her diary entries, found in Wm. O’Brien's Novalis: Signs of Revolution, provide some insight into her relationship with Novalis:
    1 March. Today Hartenberch visited again nothing happened.
    11 March. We were alone today and nothing at all happened.
    12 March. Today was like yesterday nothing at all happened.
    13 March. Today was repentance day and Hartenb. was here.
    14 March. Today Hartenber. was still here he got a letter from his brother.
Sophie had a sister, Caroline von Kühn, and a stepsister, Wilhelmine von Thümmel.
Ludwig Tieck's biography of Novalis describes Sophie, saying: "Even as a child, she gave an impression which--because it was so gracious and spiritually lovely--we must call superearthly or heavenly, while through this radiant and almost transparent countenance of hers we would be struck with the fear that it was too tender and delicately woven for this life, that it was death or immortality which looked at us so penetratingly from those shining eyes; and only too often a rapid withering motion turned our fear into an actual reality." von Kühn and Novalis' relationship is the focus of the 1995 novel The Blue Flower by Penelope Fitzgerald.
# Ryuzo and the Seven Henchmen

Ryuzo and the Seven Henchmen (龍三と七人の子分たち, Ryūzō to Shichinin no Kobuntachi), also known as Ryuzo 7, is a 2015 Japanese action comedy film directed by Takeshi Kitano. It was released on April 25, 2015.

## Plot

Ryuzo (Tatsuya Fuji) is a retired yakuza gangster who lives a quiet unassuming life with his salaryman son, Ryuhei (Masanobu Katsumura). Still in contact with his former lieutenant, Masa (Masaomi Kondō), Ryuzo maintains his short temper with their regular get-togethers. One day, the old gangster receives a call from an impostor pretending to be his son asking for ¥5 million. Ryūzō sees through the trick and learns from police detective Murakami (Beat Takeshi) that a member from the Keihin Rengo gang is responsible. Re-uniting his seven former henchmen to strike back, Ryūzō learns that they have all grown weak with their old age. The elderly yakuza members soon learn that they must overcome their weaknesses if they are to prove to be a match against the younger Keihin Rengo.

## Cast

* Tatsuya Fuji as Ryuzo
* Masaomi Kondō as Masa
* Akira Nakao as Mokichi
* Tōru Shinagawa as Mac
* Ben Hiura as Ichizō
* Kōjun Itō as Hide
* Ken Yoshizawa as Taka
* Akira Onodera as Yasu
* Masanobu Katsumura as Ryuhei
* Hisako Manda as Hostess
* Beat Takeshi as Murakami
* Ken Yasuda as Nishi

## Reception

The film earned ¥184.66 million on its opening weekend in Japan. By May 17, the film had grossed over US$10 million. In a review for The Japan Times, Mark Schilling applauded Tatsuya Fuji for his performance of Ryuzo, stating, "Though looking every one of his 74 real-life years, Fuji brings a volatile energy to proceedings that would otherwise be merely absurd... when he starts raging against the dying of the light, look out for flying debris — and prepare to laugh."
# Vere Bertie

Vere Bertie (died 1680) was an English barrister and judge.

## Life and career

He was of a Cavalier family, the fourth son to Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey, Lord Great Chamberlain to Charles I, and his first wife Martha, daughter of Sir William Cockayn of Rushton, Northamptonshire, and widow of John Ramsay, 1st Earl of Holderness. He entered the Middle Temple 29 January 1655, was called to the bar 10 June 1659, and became a master of the bench of his inn in January 1674. Before 1665 he had obtained the degree of serjeant-at-law; that year, with his brother Charles, he was made an honorary M.A. at Oxford on the occasion of the visit of Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester
Bertie's legal career was helped by the Earl of Danby, his brother-in-law. On 4 June 1675 he was made a baron of the exchequer, and was transferred to the court of common pleas 15 June 1678.

## Dismissal

On the fall of the First Danby ministry, King Charles II formed a new council of thirty (the Privy Council Ministry, with Lord Shaftesbury as Lord President, Bertie was discharged from his office of judge on 29 April 1679. With him were discharged also Sir William Wilde, Sir Edward Thurland, and Sir Francis Bramston.
This move came at the height of the Popish Plot allegations, and Bertie, along with those judges, had four days previously been among those who tried Nathaniel Reading in the court of king's bench at Westminster. Reading was indicted on the evidence of the perjured informer William Bedloe for stifling king's evidence against the Catholic Lords in the Tower of London. None of these judges concurred in the sentence—a £1,000 fine, one year's imprisonment, and one hour in the pillory—pronounced by the other judges, who were Sir Francis North, William Montagu, Sir Robert Atkins, Sir Thomas Jones, and Sir William Dolben.

## Death

Bertie died unmarried 23 February 1681, and was buried in the Temple Church. The contemporary law reports contain no reports of his decisions.
# Bloodied, but Unbowed (disambiguation)

Bloodied, but Unbowed is an album by Desperado.
Bloodied, but Unbowed may also refer to:
* Bloodied But Unbowed (HR report on Bahrain)
* Bloodied but Unbowed, a 2010 Canadian documentary film
* "Bloody, but unbowed", a phrase from William Ernest Henley's poem "Invictus"
# Oregon Environmental Council

The Oregon Environmental Council (OEC) is an environmental advocacy group based in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was founded in 1968.

## History

The Oregon Environmental Council was founded in 1968 by a group of "ordinary citizens", including PTA and garden club members, outdoor enthusiasts, conservationists and other individuals who "had an interest in protecting the environmental legacy of Oregon".

## Current work

Current program work of the OEC includes public policy, addressing global warming, preventing toxic exposure, improving the quality of Oregon's rivers, sustainable economic issues, and food and farms. Andrea Durbin has been the group's executive director since 2006.

## Activities

Activities of the Oregon Environmental Council include:
* 1968 - Passed Mount Jefferson Wilderness Bill
* 1971 - Led citizen support that passed the Oregon Bottle Bill, the first bottle bill in the nation
* 1973 - Helped pass Oregon Senate Bills 100 and 101, Oregon's land use planning law
* 1975 - Secured National Recreation Area protection for Hells Canyon
* 1977 - Secured nation's first ban on certain ozone-depleting chemicals
* 1987 - Created Oregon Superfund Program and the Governor's Watershed Enhancement Board (now known as Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board)
* 1991 - Secured the nation's first law requiring state agencies to minimize pesticide use
* 1999 - Passed a Pesticide Right to Know Law guaranteeing public access to data about all commercial pesticide use in Oregon
* 2003 - Passed a first-of-its-kind tax incentive for insurance companies to offer Pay-as-You-Drive auto insurance
* 2006 - Won United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Children's Environmental Health Excellence Award for their Eco-Healthy Child Care and Tiny Footprints programs that help parents and caregivers reduce children's exposure to toxic chemicals
* 2007 - Passed Climate Change Integration Act, setting greenhouse gas reduction goals for Oregon into statute and established statewide Global Warming Commission
* 2007 - Launched the Carbon Neutral Challenge for Oregon wineries, with dozens of Oregon wineries participating to reduce their carbon footprints
* 2008 - Released landmark "Pollution in People" report, which tested the bodies of 10 Oregon men and women for chemicals, followed by the "Price of Pollution" report, the state's first-ever economic assessment of the true costs of environmentally triggered disease in Oregon
# Collectin-10

Collectin-10, also known as collectin liver 1, is a collectin protein that in humans is encoded by the COLEC10 gene. Its structure is similar to mannan-binding lectin (MBL).
Collectin liver 1 (CL-L1) show very similar carbohydrate selectivity as MBL. Two other discovered collectins include collectin placenta 1 (CL-P1) and collectin kidney 1 (CL-K1). CL-L1's location found to be on chromosome 8 q23-24.1. Research concluded CL-L1 to be a serum protein.
# Cephalotes palta

Cephalotes palta is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants.
# Enrique García-Máiquez

Enrique García-Máiquez (born Murcia, 1969) and always living in El Puerto de Santa María), is a Spanish poet: he has published four poetry books. He also writes essays, articles on literary criticism and newspaper columns. He is married and has one daughter.
In the context of contemporary Spanish poetry, Angel Luis Prieto de Paula depicts him as someone who has gotten to take it to a path of rehumanisation, in his search for an art with totalising purpose. For Abel Feu his poetry is astounding for his wit, puns and idiomatic distortions, mastery of prosody, strophic versatility, nearness and its focus on everyday life (...), all sustained in a thorough lyrical impulse and a transcendent vision. He has been anthologised several times, in the books by Magalhães, Baltanás and Feu.
In prose he has published Lo que ha llovido, an anthology of texts from his blog. He has an opinion syndicated column in the newspapers of Joly Group. He also writes poetry criticism in newspaper and specialized reviews (Clarín, Númenor, Poesía digital). He edited the literary review Nadie parecía for Renacimiento (National Prize to Edition in 2003).

## Poetry

* Haz de luz (Pre-Textos, Valencia, 1996). Villa de Cox Prize.
* Ardua mediocritas (Ánfora Nova, Rute, 1997). National Prize for Poetry "Mariano Roldán", 1996.
* Casa propia (Renacimiento, Sevilla, 2004).
* Alguien distinto (Colección Haiku. Los papeles del sitio, Valencina, 2005).
* Con el tiempo (Renacimiento, Sevilla, 2010)

## Prose

* Lo que ha llovido (Númenor, 2009).

## Editor of other poets

* De Miguel d'Ors: 2001. Poesías escogidas (Númenor, Sevilla, 2001).
* De Luis Rosales: Antología poética (Rialp, Madrid, 2005).
* De José Miguel Ibáñez Langlois: Oficio (Antología poética) (Númenor, Sevilla, 2006).
* De Pedro Sevilla: Todo es para siempre. Antología poética (Renacimiento, Sevilla 2009).

## Poetry translations

* G. K. Chesterton Lepanto y otros poemas. Poemas escogidos (Renacimiento, Sevilla, 2003).
* Mario Quintana Puntos suspensivos (antología) (Los papeles del sitio, Valencina, 2007).

## Forewords

* Pablo Moreno Prieto, De alguna manera (Altair, Sevilla, 1999).
* G. K. Chesterton, La superstición del divorcio (traducción de Aurora Rice) (Los papeles del sitio, Valencina 2007).
* Miguel d'Ors, Virutas de taller (Los papeles del sitio, Valencina 2007).
* Aquilino Duque, Los agujeros negros (Paréntesis, Sevilla, 2009).
* G. K. Chesterton, La cosa y otros artículos de fe (coedited with Aurora Rice) (Renacimiento, Sevilla 2010).
# Dino Betti van der Noot

Dino Betti van der Noot (born 1936) is an Italian jazz composer.

## Biography

Van der Noot was born in Rapallo. His mother and cousin were classical pianists. He studied at Scuola Musicale of Pavia, 1946–51; in 1959 studied privately in Milan and in the 1970s at Berklee College of Music In Italy, he led combos from 1957–1960, but was not active in music in the 1960s. He led an amateur big band from 1969–1972 and a professional big band in 1982 and in 1987 in New York City. He is chairman of B Communications, an advertising agency in Milan.
In his bands, he worked with Andrea Dulbecco, Ares Tavolazzi, Bill Evans, Bob Cunningham, Danny Gottlieb, David Friedman, Donald Harrison, Hugo Heredia, Famoudou Don Moye, Franco Ambrosetti, Giancarlo Schiaffini, Gianluigi Trovesi, John Taylor, Jonathan Scully, Joyce Yuille, Luis Agudo, Paul Bley, Paul Motian, Sandro Cerino, Steve Swallow, Tiziano Tononi, and Vincenzo Zitello.
"His compositions are narratives rife with colour, ranging from the boldest hues to the most subtle and revealing a sensitive, inventive melodist and lapidarian master of orchestral skills."

## Awards and honors

* Record of the Year, Musica Jazz Critics' Poll (1987, 1989, 2013, 2015)
* Record of the Year, Dischi Critics' Poll (1989)
* Record of the Decade, Musica and Dischi Critics' polls (1989)
* Jazz Composer of the Year, Musica Jazz Critics' Poll (2007, 2009)
* Record of the Year, Musica Jazz Critics' Poll, The Stuff Dreams Are Made On (2013)
* Record of the Year, Musica Jazz Critics' Poll, Notes Are But the Wind (2015);

## Discography

* Basement Big Band, 1977
* A Midwinter Night's Dream, 1983
* Here Comes Springtime, 1985
* They Cannot Know, 1987
* A Chance for a Dance, 1987–88
* Space Blossoms, 1988–89
* Ithaca/Ithaki, 2003–05
* The Humming Cloud, 2007
* God Save the Earth, 2009
* September's New Moon, 2011
* The Stuff Dreams Are Made On, 2013
* Notes Are But Wind, 2015
* Ou Sont les Notes D’Antan ? ,2017
* Two ships in the night ,2018
* Let Us Recount Our Dreams ,2023
# Chorizanthe biloba

Chorizanthe biloba is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name twolobe spineflower. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Central Coast Ranges. There are two varieties, both of which are uncommon to rare.
C. b. var. biloba is known from several areas of the Central Coast Ranges, including the foothills of the Santa Lucia Mountains and Diablo Range. It grows erect up to 40 centimeters tall. It produces an inflorescence of several flowers, each surrounded by six bracts tipped in hooked spines. The tiny flower has deeply notched or jagged tepals.
The rare C. b. var. immemora, the Hernandez spineflower, is known from only about five occurrences near the border between San Benito and Monterey Counties. It is similar to var. biloba but has more shallow notches in its tepals.
# S. L. Gunasekara

Suneetha Lakshman Gunasekara, MP (22 July 1943 - 8 January 2015) was a Sri Lankan lawyer and Member of Parliament from 1989 to 1994. Between 1985 and 1987, he acted as an honorary advisor to President J.R. Jayewardene's administration on terrorist affairs.
He also played a significant role in representing the Sri Lankan government during the first round of peace talks with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in Thimpu.

## Early life and education

Born in Colombo to Edwin Herbert Theodore Gunasekara, a Supreme Court judge and Olive Eleanor Gunasekara. S.L. Gunasekara attended S. Thomas’ College in Mount Lavinia, for his Primary & Secondary Education. Where he excelled, becoming leader of the school's debating team and winning several awards, including the Ilangakoon Memorial Prize, and the prize for the best debater of STC in 1961. He also served as the president of the literary union and co-editor of the school magazine.
In 1962, he entered Aquinas University College, becoming the president of the students’ union, and was awarded the Sir Vaithyalingam Duraiswamy challenge cup in 1963 for his oratory skills. In 1966 he obtained his LL.B from the University of Ceylon and subsequently entered the Ceylon Law College in 1967. During his time at Law College, Gunasekara won the Sir Ponnambalam Ramanathan Gold Medal for the best impromptu speech and the Hector Jayawardene Gold Medal (for the address to the jury). Gunasekara became an advocate in that same year.

## Career

Gunasekara joined the Attorney General's Department as a Crown Counsel, and worked there for 4 years. He resigned in 1972 and joined the Unofficial Bar.
From 1985 to 1987, he served as an honorary advisor to the government of President J.R. Jayewardene on terrorist affairs. During this time, he represented the Sri Lankan government at the first round of peace talks between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in Thimpu.

## Political career

Gunasekara entered the Sri Lanka Parliament in 1989 as a nominated Member on the National List joining Sirimavo Bandaranaika, until 1994.
# Bloodie

Bloodie is a 1998 Czech puzzle video game for MS-DOS.

## Development

The game began life as a demo program and variation of Boovie, and it uses the same graphics engine as the other game. The game is similar to the Moorhuhn series.

## Reception

Bonusweb.cz felt the game was great and entertaining as few games are. Doupe.cz felt the graphics and music were decent and held up in the 2010s.
# Oregon Federation of Colored Women's Clubs

Oregon women achieved the vote in 1912 and throughout the state women in organizations organized around racial groups and ethnicities. Portland had a significant number of African American women’s clubs and organizations, including the Oregon Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.

## Club history

Black women organized voter registration drives, public lectures, and events featuring well-known activist leaders to educate communities on important political issues. These clubs played important roles both locally and nationally in improving interracial relations and promoting civic engagement and uplift within African American communities. There were three pillars of community building in early Black Portland: women’s social clubs, newspapers and civic organizations. The Oregon Association of Colored Women's Clubs was formed in 1912 as the Colored Women’s Council and was a conglomeration of several smaller civic and literary clubs. Their motto was "Lift As We Climb." Katherine Gray was the first president when the club became the Oregon Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs.

## Suffrage

Women in the Oregon Federation of Colored Women’s Clubs were also involved in the Suffrage movement. At a meeting of the Colored Women’s Council of Portland on May 12, 1912 members formed the Colored Women’s Equal Suffrage League. Their goal was “spreading equal suffrage ideas among those of the race.” Katherine Gray was the first president, Mrs. Lancaster was vice president, Edith Gray was treasurer, and Hattie Redmond was secretary. Redmond later served as president.

## National association and consolidation

The Oregon club was organized under a regional and national branches of the National Association of Colored Women’s Clubs (NACWC), which was based in Washington D.C. NACWC was originally called the National Association of Colored Women (1896–1914) and was formed at a convention in Washington, D.C., when the National Federation of Afro-American Women and the National League of Colored Women merged.
By 1988, the club was called the Oregon Association of Color Women's Clubs, and had six active components: Altruistic Club, Fleur de Lis Club, Katherine Gray Club, Literary Research Club, Multnomah Women's Club, and the Harriet Tubman Club. They focused on charitable and educational work, awarded a Katherine Gray Scholarship and Women of the Year and Family of the Year awards, and supported local federated girls' clubs.