OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Epipedobates

Epipedobates is a genus of poison dart frogs native to northern South America (Colombia and Ecuador) west of the Andes, including the western slopes. Common name phantasmal poison frogs has been suggested for the genus.

## Taxonomy

Epipedobates was erected in 1987 in an attempt to split dendrobatids into monophyletic genera, accommodating species that had until then been placed in Phyllobates. In the major revision of poison dart frogs in 2006, most of the species formerly placed in Epipedobates were then transferred to Ameerega, leaving behind just five species. The species count of Epipedobates had increased to seven by early 2024.

## Description

Dorsal colouration is cryptic, brown. A pale oblique lateral stripe is present. Dorsal skin is smooth or with irregularly scattered granules or tubercles, most distinct and prevalent posteriorly. In adult males, third finger is swollen.

## Species

There are seven species:
| Scientific name | Common name | Distribution |
| Epipedobates anthonyi (Noble, 1921) | Anthony's poison arrow frog | Ecuador and Peru. |
| Epipedobates boulengeri (Barbour, 1909) | marbled poison frog or marbled poison-arrow frog | Colombia (Cauca, Nariño, Valle del Cauca Departments, including Gorgona Island) and northwestern Ecuador |
| Epipedobates espinosai (Funkhouser, 1956) | | Ecuador |
| Epipedobates machalilla (Coloma, 1995) | | West Ecuador |
| Epipedobates maculatus (Peters, 1873) | Confusing Poison Frog | Panama |
| Epipedobates narinensis (Mueses-Cisneros, Cepeda-Quilindo, and Moreno-Quintero, 2008) | | Colombia |
| Epipedobates tricolor (Boulenger, 1899) | Phantasmal poison frog | Ecuador |
# Draba longisiliqua

Draba longisiliqua, the long-podded whitlow grass, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to the Caucasus. Despite its common name, it does not resemble, nor is it related to, the true grasses. It is a low-growing evergreen perennial growing to 9 cm (4 in) tall by 25 cm (10 in) wide, forming a cushion of hairy grey leaves with masses of yellow flowers in spring. It is usually grown in an alpine house or scree bed, as it requires excellent drainage and protection from winter wet. The plant is also known to thrive in tufa. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Constables' Central Committee

The Constables' Central Committee is one of the tripartite organisations that make up the Police Federation of England and Wales. It is the representative body for those police officers of the rank of constable, of which there are approximately 107,000 members.

## History

The Constables' Central Committee was founded as part of the Police Federation of England and Wales, which was set up by the Police Act 1919, following two police strikes. The Liberal government of David Lloyd George was frightened by the prospect of the police going on strike and created the Police federation of England and Wales and withdrew the right of officers in the UK to strike.
Police officers are technically not employees, but crown-appointed warrant holders. This allowed the police their unique independent status and notionally provides the citizens of the UK a protection from any government that might wish unlawfully to use the police as an instrument against them.
The Police Federation was set up by the statute to represent the rights and interests of its members, hence its recent involvement in campaigns involving drugs and licensing hours. Many observers mistakenly equate the Police Federation with a trade union. This is an incorrect assumption as it was set up specifically by the government of the day not to be a trade union.

## Organisation

The Constables' Central Committee is the largest of the tripartite organisations of the Police Federation along with the Inspectors' Central Committee and the Sergeants' Central Committee. Each of the 43 police forces within England and Wales has its own federation structure based on the three branch boards based on rank. The Constables' Central Committee join the other two rank boards to meet as a Joint Board, or in the Metropolitan Police's case, as a Joint Executive.
The 43 forces are grouped into eight regions. Each of the regions send a Constable, Sergeant and Inspector to the National Body called the Joint Central Committee. Due to its size, The Metropolitan Police Federation send two officers of each rank to the Joint Central Committee.
The incumbent Chairman of the Constables' Central Committee is Julie Nesbit, who also takes the role of Constables' National Police Women's Representative. The Committee shares its HQ with the other rank boards and the Joint Central Committee, at Federation House, Leatherhead. This HQ also incorporates the federation's national training centre and hotel facility for Federation members.
# Ross Kennedy

Ross Kennedy (born 25 September 1982 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a rugby union player formerly played for the Crusaders.

## Playing career

Kennedy was marked as a future star when he claimed a starting spot at lock for Wellington in the 2002 provincial rugby season, aged only 19. He earned a spot with the Hurricanes for the 2003 Super 12 season, and by 2004 was a starter for the Hurricanes as well.
His career continued on the ascendancy through the 2005 Super 12 season, where he started 12 games for the Hurricanes, scored two tries, and played some of the finest rugby of his career. However, from this point forward, he would be blighted by injuries and lose momentum. After missing much of the 2005 provincial season, he was limited to just 4 substitute appearances in the 2006 Super 14 season - his final appearances at that level - and found himself on loan to Counties Manukau for part of the 2006 Air New Zealand Cup.
Kennedy signed with Otago for the 2007 Air New Zealand Cup, but again found himself sidelined for most of the season with injury. A healthier 2008 saw him selected to the Highlanders squad for the 2009 Super 14 season, although he failed to see any game action.
Kennedy signed with Hawkes Bay for the 2009 Air New Zealand Cup, where he would have his finest season in years as he started 14 games in helping the Magpies to the semi-finals of the competition. He continued as a regular starter through 2010.
Kennedy signed with the Eastern Province Kings for 2011, joining his father Adrian Kennedy, who is the forwards coach at the Kings.
He joined the Crusaders for the 2012 Super Rugby season.
# Rip, Talhar, Badin

Rip is a village and Deh in the Talher taluka of Badin District, Sindh. As of 2017, it has a population of 3,219 people residing in 678 households.
# Labdia nesophora

Labdia nesophora is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1897. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from South Australia.
# Epectaptera umbrescens

Epectaptera umbrescens is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Schaus in 1905. It is found in Peru.
# Duncan Leitch (neurobiologist)

Duncan Bernardo Leitch is a neurobiologist working at the University of California San Francisco. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1984. Leitch attended Vanderbilt University, where he gained recognition for his work on the integumentary sensory organs in crocodilians.
He has published many articles on star-nosed moles, naked mole-rats, and other insectivores.
In 2012, Kenneth C. Catania and Leitch published a study on the somatosensory sensation of crocodilians, including American alligators and Nile crocodiles in the Journal of Experimental Biology. This garnered public attention in the journals Nature, Science, National Geographic, and international news media. In this work, he and Catania describe the physiological response properties of neurons in the trigeminal ganglion, showing that the sense of touch in crocodilians surpasses those of human fingertips, despite being a thickly-scaled surface.
More recently, Leitch has led breakthrough studies in the field of electroreception, whereby he and his team characterized the molecular basis for electrosensation by sharks and skates
# Ross Killian

Ross Killian (born 18 July 1977) is an Irish sailor. He competed in the men's 470 event at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus

Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is found in the area stretching from the central and southern Sudan southward through South Sudan and central/eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, extreme western Tanzania, Burundi, Malawi, and Zambia to northern Mozambique; its range might extend into northern Zimbabwe. Common names Lake Mwero river frog and webbed puddle frog have been proposed for it.

## Description

Males grow to 25 mm (1.0 in) and females to 30 mm (1.2 in) in snout–vent length. The body is elongated but short. The snout is rounded. The finger tips are not dilated whereas the toe tips bear small discs; the toes are fully or almost fully webbed. The dorsum is brown and may have a light vertebral stripe. Black, pale-edged bands run from behind the eyes to the groin. Males have a subgular vocal sac that is unpigmented or has black speckling.
The male advertisement call is metallic clicking or a very coarse croak.

## Habitat and conservation

Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus occurs in permanently wet habitats in humid savanna, grassland, and rainforest as well as degraded former forest at elevations less than 800 m (2,600 ft) above sea level. It has particular affinity to flooded grassland interspersed with reeds, its presumed breeding habitat.
Phrynobatrachus perpalmatus can be locally very abundant, but its distribution tends to be patchy. Believed to be able to survive in wet areas in agricultural land (including rice paddies), it is probably adaptable and not facing other than localized threats. It is present in a number of protected areas.
# Berlin (town), Green Lake County, Wisconsin

    There is another Town of Berlin in Marathon County.
Berlin is a town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 5,524 at the 2000 census. The City of Berlin is located mostly within the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 30.0 square miles (77.6 km$^2$), of which, 29.6 square miles (76.8 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.8 km$^2$) of it (1.07%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,524 people, 423 households, and 343 families residing in the town. The population density was 38.6 people per square mile (14.9/km$^2$). There were 434 housing units at an average density of 14.6 per square mile (5.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.08% White, 0.26% Native American, 0.70% Asian, 0.52% from other races, and 0.44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.40% of the population.
There were 423 households, out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.6% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.9% were non-families. 16.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $44,659, and the median income for a family was $48,750. Males had a median income of $33,625 versus $21,528 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,767. About 3.0% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.
43°58′05″N 88°56′36″W﻿ / ﻿43.96806°N 88.94333°W﻿ / 43.96806; -88.94333
# Cripple Clarence Lofton

Clarence Lofton (March 28, 1887, 1896 or 1897 – January 9, 1957), credited as Cripple Clarence Lofton, was an American boogie-woogie pianist and singer born in Tennessee.

## Life and career

There is uncertainty over when and where he was born. Many sources state that he was born Albert Clemens in 1887, in Kingsport, Tennessee. However, the researchers Bob Eagle and Eric LeBlanc state that, based on information in official records, he was born Clarence Clemens in 1896 or 1897, in Burns, Tennessee, and may have been adopted as Clarence Ramsey. They also concluded that Albert (or Elbert) Clemens, born c. 1903, who was also a singer and pianist who recorded for Bluebird Records, was his brother.
Lofton was born with a limp, from which he derived his stage name, but he began his career as a tap dancer. He then began performing in the blues idiom known as boogie-woogie and settled in Chicago, Illinois. The distinctive feature of his performances was his energetic stage presence; he would dance and whistle as well as sing. A description of Lofton in performance is provided by William Russell, in his essay "Boogie Woogie":
   No one can complain of Clarence's lack of variety or versatility. When he really gets going he's a three-ring circus. During one number, he plays, sings, whistles a chorus, and snaps his fingers with the technique of a Spanish dancer to give further percussive accompaniment to his blues. At times he turns sideways, almost with his back to the piano as he keeps pounding away at the keyboard and stomping his feet, meanwhile continuing to sing and shout at his audience or his drummer. Suddenly in the middle of a number he jumps up, his hands clasped in front of him, and walks around the piano stool, and then, unexpectedly, out booms a vocal break in a bass voice from somewhere. One second later, he has turned and is back at the keyboard, both hands flying at lightning-like pace. His actions and facial expressions are as intensely dramatic and exciting as his music."
With his performance style, Lofton became a mainstay in his genre. His first recording was made in April 1935 for Vocalion Records with guitar accompaniment by Big Bill Broonzy. Lofton also accompanied Red Nelson on several sides for Decca Records in 1935 and 1936. He later owned the Big Apple nightclub in Chicago and continued to record into the late 1940s, when he retired.
Lofton lived in Chicago for the rest of his life. He died of a blood clot in his brain in Cook County Hospital in 1957.

## Influence

Lofton was an integral figure in the boogie-woogie genre in Chicago. Some of his more popular songs include "Strut That Thing", "Monkey Man Blues", "I Don't Know" and "Pitchin' Boogie". His talent was likened to that of Pinetop Smith and other prominent boogie-woogie artists, including Meade Lux Lewis, Cow Cow Davenport and Jimmy Yancey. Lofton was also said to have influenced Erwin Helfer.

## Discography

* Clarence's Blues (1979), Oldie Blues OL 2817
# Scotina

Scotina is a genus of sac spiders of the family Liocranidae which was named by the German zoologist Franz Anton Menge in 1873 with Scotina gracilipes as the type species. Scotina was thought to be a mainly Western Palearctic genus but one species, Scotina palliardi was found in Korea in 2011. The species in the genus Scotina are small spiders which have six to ten pairs of ventral spines which can be seen using a lens. They have a darker and shinier cephalothorax than in other genera within the Liocranidae. They also have light brown femora with the more distal segments of the legs are darker, especially on the first pairs. They are terrestrial spiders which are mainly found among moss and litter on the ground.

## Species

Four species are currently listed as valid in the World Spider Catalog.
* Scotina celans (Blackwall, 1841) – Europe, Algeria, Russia
* Scotina gracilipes (Blackwall, 1859) – Europe
* Scotina occulta Kritscher, 1996 – Malta
* Scotina palliardii (L. Koch, 1881) – Europe, Russia, Korea
# Corbin Park

Corbin Park (also known as the Blue Mountain Forest and Game Preserve) is a private game reserve in New Hampshire. It contains land in Croydon, Cornish, Plainfield, and Grantham. It occupies somewhere between 24,000 and 26,000 acres (97 and 105 km$^2$) of land and was started in 1889 by businessman Austin Corbin. The park is known today for its secrecy.

## History

Austin Corbin founded the park in 1889 by buying up a large number of parcels of land in western New Hampshire. The nonprofit Blue Mountain Association was created in 1891 to manage the park. After Corbin died in 1896, his son Austin Jr. took over management of the Association and the park, and held the role until his own death in 1938. In 1944 ownership of the park was transferred to a group of wealthy hunters. In 1949, the New Hampshire legislature passed a law holding the park responsible for escaped pigs. The park has been subject to multiple lawsuits from the 1950s to the 1990s.
In 2020, NH state representative Renny Cushing filed legislation to require a special safari hunting license to take exotic game from the park. It was not passed.

## Geography

Croydon Peak, the highest mountain in Sullivan County at 2,760 feet (840 m) of elevation, is located within the park boundary. It is not accessible to hikers. Croydon Peak is also the location of Sullivan County's only fire tower, but, as the mountain as a whole is inaccessible to the public, the fire tower is also inaccessible to the public.

## Flora and fauna

Corbin Park is home to bison, deer, elk, pheasants, and wild hogs. Some of these animals have been known to escape on several occasions, such as when the 1938 New England hurricane knocked down much of the park fence, or when the gates were left open in 1953 for firefighting purposes. A wild boar that had escaped from Corbin Park was struck and killed on Interstate 89 in Lebanon in 2017.

## Notable hunters

Many famous people have been known to hunt at or otherwise visit the park, including Teddy Roosevelt, Grover Cleveland, Herbert Hoover, Rudyard Kipling, Joe DiMaggio, William Ruger, Sr., and his son, William Junior.
# Erganah

Erganah is a village in Bamyan Province in central Afghanistan.
# The Sands of Time (Richards novel)

The Sands of Time is a 1996 Virgin Missing Adventures original novel written by Justin Richards based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Fifth Doctor, Nyssa, and Tegan. The story is a sequel to the 1975 Fourth Doctor Pyramids of Mars and once again features the Osirans.

## Plot

Visiting the British Museum, Nyssa is soon kidnapped leaving the Doctor and Tegan to face the consequences of an ancient Egyptian prophecy.
# Contrast set

A contrast set is a bounded collection of items, each of which could fill the same slot in a given schema, syntactic structure, or other linguistic environment. The seven days of the week, the fifty United States, the eight Hawaiian islands, the letters in the alphabet, the categories "male" and "female," the students in a class, or the flavors on offer at an ice cream store are all examples of contrast sets.
Contrast sets may be relatively natural in origin (such as the eight Hawaiian islands) or relatively conventional (such as the fifty United States). The mastery of certain conventional contrast sets is essential to basic socialization: for example, calendrical units, musical notes, and elements of writing systems like numerals and the alphabet. These contrast sets frequently become the subject of synesthesias or ideasthesias.
Semantic relations that form or represent contrast sets include cohyponymy (for example, major categories of trees include pine, elm, willow, maple, and so on) and comeronymy (for example, major components of a motor vehicle include an engine or motor, a transmission, one or more batteries, a set of wheels and tires, and so on).
Linguistic anthropologists Harold Conklin and Charles Frake were the first to work out the concept of the contrast set in the 1950s, and the concept was described in detail in Frake's article "The ethnographic study of cognitive systems."
Knowledge representation and reasoning aims to allow information technology to recognize and make use of the meaning and interrelationships of contrast sets. For example, ontology components for ontologies, as well as graph databases, are tools to help with that goal.
# Duncan Ley

Duncan Ley is an Australian playwright, actor, theatrical producer and director who has also written for Sydney's Motion Picture Company. His play In Cold Light is currently in the production phase as it is turned into a feature film by Peter Slee Productions. Duncan was a founding member of Canberra's Everyman Theatre.

## Career
### Playwright Credits

Ley's plays including Home At The End, The Burning, When in Rome, In Cold Light, For All Our Sins, Final Passages, Pillock for the Defence, The Suspect, and Last Drinks. The Ides of March made its world premiere at The White Bear Theatre in Kennington on 28 November 2008, directed by Adam Spreadbury-Maher and starring British actress Robyn Moore best known for her portrayal as Shirley Benson on BBC's EastEnders.
In 2009, Ley's play Last Drinks was presented as a double bill with Stephen Fry's Latin.

### Awards

Ley has won a number of awards, including for his direction of William Shakespeare's Hamlet for New Century Productions. He won "Best Original Work of the Year" and "Best Play of the Year" from the Canberra Area Theatre Awards in both 2001 and 2003, for The Burning and In Cold Light respectively. His play "The Ides of March" was short-listed for the 2007 STC Patrick White Playwright's Award.
# Rosina Schnorr

Rosina Schnorr (7 October 1618 – November 11, 1679), was a German business person.
She was married to the merchant Hans Veit Schnorr, who managed the textile coloring factory in Niederpfannenstiel and Auernhammer. After the death of her spouse in 1664, she took over his business. She also expanded in to the mining industry. She was active as a philanthropist, and founded an orphanage in Schneeberg. Schnorr is regarded to be a notable example of a female business person in the 17th century. In 2013, she was commemorated in the city of Aue in Germany.