OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# River Giedd

The River Giedd (Welsh: Afon Giedd) is a principal tributary of the River Tawe, Wales. The river runs within the county of Powys and lies almost wholly within the Brecon Beacons National Park (Parc Cenedlaethol Bannau Brycheiniog).
This river is perhaps unique in the British Isles in that there are in fact two separate rivers sharing the same name and occupying the same valley but which are not hydrologically connected. The upper Giedd rises on the southern slopes of the Old Red Sandstone mountain, Fan Brycheiniog in the Black Mountain (Y Mynydd Du) and heads south-southwest for about 3 km / 2 mi until, as it enters onto the Carboniferous Limestone outcrop it disappears into its bed. A dry valley continues in the same direction beyond the sinks and, as it crosses the Millstone Grit outcrop, gradually acquires a stream which is joined by others to become the lower Giedd. This separate river flows for about 6 km / 4 miles, passing the small village of Cwmgiedd, to its confluence with the River Tawe at Ystradgynlais in the Swansea Valley.
Dye tracing in 1970 revealed that the waters of the upper Giedd which disappear into the ground at Sinc y Giedd eventually re-emerge at Dan-yr-Ogof and do not contribute in any way to the flow of the lower Giedd.
The only significant tributary of the River Giedd is the Nant Cyw (translates as 'chick stream') entering on its left bank and whose two tributaries are in turn, the Nant Iar ('hen stream') and Nant Ceiliog ('cockerel stream').
# School supply store

School supply stores sell teaching resources for parents, teachers and homeschoolers. These stores frequently carry a wide selection of educational materials and decorations for classroom teachers such as books pencils pens and many other supplies. A teacher store or learning store is often a member of the National School Supply and Equipment Association.
# Corrigan

Corrigan may refer to:
* Corrigan (surname), a surname of Irish origin
* Corrigan, Texas, a town in Polk County, Texas, United States
** Corrigan-Camden High School
* Corrigan House, a home in Sarasota, Florida which is listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places
* Corrigan, a fictional town from Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey
# Epilepia melanobasis

Epilepia melanobasis is a species of snout moth in the genus Epilepia. It was described by George Hampson in 1906, and it is known from South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe.
# The Reason Why (disambiguation)

The Reason Why is a 2010 album by Little Big Town
The Reason Why may also refer to

## Songs

* "The Reason Why", a song by Tommy Bruce 1969
* "The Reason Why", a song by the Byrds from the album Preflyte
* "The Reason Why", a song by Daryl Hall With Gulliver 1977
* "The Reason Why", a song by Vince Gill from These Days (Vince Gill album)
* "The Reason Why", title track from The Reason Why (album) by Little Big Town
* "The Reason Why" (song), a song by Italian singer-songwriter Lorenzo Fragola, released as a single in 2014
* "The Reason Why", a song by Twice from the album &Twice

## Books

* The Reason Why, a 1953 popular history book about the Charge of the Light Brigade by Cecil Woodham-Smith
* The Reason Why: An Anthology of the Murderous Mind, a 1995 non-fiction book by Ruth Rendell
* The Reason Why, a series of books (1856–63) by Robert Kemp Philp

## Films

* The Reason Why (film), a 1918 American drama film directed by Robert G. Vignola
# Constellation (motor yacht)

The 80 m (260 ft) superyacht Constellation was launched at the Oceanco yard in Alblasserdam. Monaco based The A Group designed the exterior of Constellation, with interior design by Fantini Design & The A Group. She has two sister ships, the 2001 built 80 m (260 ft) Stargate and the 2000 built 95 m (312 ft) Indian Empress.

## Design

Her length is 80 m (260 ft), beam is 12.98 m (42.6 ft) and she has a draught of 4.21 m (13.8 ft). The hull is built out of steel while the superstructure is made out of aluminium with teak laid decks. The yacht is built to ABS classification society rules, issued by Qatar.

## Engines

She is powered by twin 8160.0 hp MTU 20V 1163 TB73L diesel engines. With her 275,800 L (72,900 US gal) fuel tanks she has a maximum range of 5,500 nmi (10,200 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h).

## Support vessel

Constellation has a 56 m (184 ft) support vessel named Al Shoua. She was built as the offshore service vessel Interceptor in 1980. Shadow Marine converted the vessel into a support vessel in 2008.

## Fire

On the 11th of August 2019 the storage building where Constellation and two other yachts (52 m (171 ft) Maracunda & 36 m (118 ft) Al Adaid) were kept, caught fire. The building eventually collapsed and in the process severely damaging, the stored yachts. As off December 2020, only Al Adaid is back in service. It is unknown whether the other two will be repaired.
# Theophile Meek

A scholar at the University of Toronto, Theophile James Meek (1881–1966) published widely on archaeology, corresponded with Wm. F. Albright, and was a frequent contributor to the Encyclopædia Britannica on subjects related to the archaeology of both Palestine and Egypt. He may have played a part in working out the chronology of Egypt which soon became the prevailing mainstream chronology among scholars, and which the Encyclopedia Americana still upholds today. More recently, the Britannica has lowered its dates somewhat currently, with Manfred Bietak, an eminent Egyptologist placing them even later.
In the 1920s, Meek translated the Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, the Song of Songs, and Lamentations as part of a team working on The Bible: An American Translation.
In the book Hebrew Origins, he suggested that the Conquest of Palestine occurred in two phases: the first being represented by the settlement of the central highlands seen at 1400 BCE, and the second being seen archaeologically in the conquests of the "Joshua" cities, then dated to around 1250. He pointed out that the Song of Deborah (Judges ch. 5) does not seem to know the three Judah territory tribes, but early stages of Joshua do, and that they were thus perhaps transposed in time.
He is also widely cited for having suggested that the "Song of Songs" (a.k.a. the "Song of Solomon") had striking similarities with a Babylonian fertility myth.
# Keltern

Keltern is a municipality in the district of Enz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## History

The oldest documentary records for the constituent towns of Keltern are from 827 or 830 for Dietenhausen, 919 for Ellmendingen, sometime in the 11th century for Dietlingen, 1219 for Weiler, and around 1300 for Niebelsbach.
The towns of Dietenhausen, Dietlingen, Ellmendingen, and Weiler were for most of their history part of Baden. They were assigned to Pforzheim's jurisdiction in 1803 when the state became the Grand Duchy of Baden. When the districts were shuffled in 1809, the four towns were assigned to the second Pforzheim Oberamt, and again remained under Pforzheim when the district was recreated as Landkreis Pforzheim [de] on 25 June 1938. Niebelsbach was ceded on 17 October 1806 to the Kingdom of Württemberg, under whom it was assigned to Oberamt Neuenbürg [de] until 1 October 1938, when it was reassigned to Calw. Dietenhausen was incorporated into Ellemendingen on 1 July 1971.
On 30 March 1972, all five townships were joined to form the municipality of Keltern, which was assigned to [de] the Enz district on 1 January 1973.
In 1989, 22 hectares (54 acres) of the Ellmendinger Roggenschleh [de] were designated a Federally-protected nature reserve.

## Geography

The municipality (Gemeinde) of Keltern covers an area of 29.83 square kilometers (11.52 sq mi) in the Enz district, within the state of Baden-Württemberg and Federal Republic of Germany. It is located where the Black Forest transitions into the Kraichgau to its north; most of the municipality lies in the Pfinzhügelland [de], whose muschelkalk forms the latter's southern hills, while the buntsandstein under Weiler, towards the west of the municipality, forms the northern edge of the Black Forest. Keltern's primary watercourse is the Pfinz river, whose eastern tributaries flow in a rift parallel to the Upper Rhine Plain. The lowest elevation in the municipality, 172 meters (564 ft) normalnull (NN), is along the Pfinz at the border with Remchingen while the highest elevation, 353 meters (1,158 ft) NN, is found in the east.

## Demographics

Population development:
| Year | Inhabitants |
| 1990 | 8,130 |
| 2001 | 8,969 |
| 2011 | 9,086 |
| 2021 | 9,032 |

## Coat of arms

Keltern's coat of arms was approved by the Federal Ministry of the Interior on 11 July 1973 and generally recalls the viticulture practiced in the municipal area since the 15th century. It is divided into three portions by a black Göpel cut [de] that makes up the roof of its lowermost image, a wine press rendered in black and gold. The left section is silver and contains a cluster of blue grapes and the right section is blue and contains a white goblet. The wine press represents those of Dietlingen and Ellmendingen.

## Sports

Keltern's Speiterlinghalle is home to the Rutronik Stars Keltern, 2018 and 2021 champion of the 1. Damen-Basketball-Bundesliga.
# Physics and Chemistry of Liquids

* Chemistry portal
* Physics portal
Physics and Chemistry of Liquids is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes experimental and theoretical research articles focused on the science of the liquid state.
The editors-in-chief are N. H. March and G. G. N. Angilella. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2011 impact factor of 0.603.

## Scope

The journal's scope includes all types of liquids, from monatomic liquids and their mixtures, through charged liquids to molecular liquids.

## Abstracting and indexing

Physics and Chemistry of Liquids is abstracted and indexed in the following databases:
* GEOBASE
* Chemical Abstracts Service - CASSI
* PubMed - MEDLINE
* Science Citation Index - Web of Science
# Bertie Bowman

Herbert Bowman (April 12, 1931 – October 25, 2023) was an American congressional staffer who served as the hearing coordinator of the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations from 2000 to 2021. He began working at the U.S. Capitol in 1944 at the age of 13.

## Early life

Bowman was born April 12, 1931, in Summerton, South Carolina, to sharecroppers Mary Ragin and Robert Bowman. His mother died and his father soon remarried. Bowman was raised with twelve siblings in a house with no plumbing. After a chance meeting with U.S. senator Burnet R. Maybank who was campaigning for reelection, he moved to Washington, D.C., in 1944 at the age of 13. He graduated from Roosevelt High School.

## Career

Maybank hired Bowman to sweep the U.S. Capitol steps. In the late 1940s, Bowman was drafted in the U.S. Army. He later worked in the coffee shop before becoming a janitor, cook, and shoe-shiner for U.S. senators. In the mid-1950s, he worked in the Capitol's barbershop. In 1966, he was hired to clerk on the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations (FRC). A year later, Bill Clinton worked for Bowman when he was a messenger for the FRC. U.S. senator Strom Thurmond assisted Bowman in enrolling at Howard University, where he studied business for two years. At the time of his retirement in 1990, he was the assistant hearing coordinator of the FRC.
After his retirement, Bowman continued working as a consultant for the FRC. He also took over his father-in-law's limousine business. In 2000, U.S. senator Jesse Helms recruited him to return to the FRC as the hearing coordinator. He served in this position until he was 90 and continued working as a staffer until his death. Bowman served as a U.S. Senate Federal Credit Union board member for 46 years, including two terms as chairman. In May 2019, the credit union named its headquarters after Bowman. In 2020, he was inducted into the African American Credit Union Hall of Fame.

## Personal life and death

Bowman was married and later divorced. His second wife, Elaine King, died in 2009. He had a stepdaughter and four children. Bowman died from complications of heart surgery at a rehabilitation facility in North Bethesda, Maryland, on October 25, 2023, at the age of 92.

## Selected works

* Bowman, Bertie (2008). Step by Step: A Memoir of Hope, Friendship, Perseverance, and Living the American Dream. New York: One World Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-50411-1. OCLC 191023953. At the Internet Archive.
# Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front

The Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front (SPDF) was an anti-government militia active in Upper Nile from 2000 to 2002.
Riek Machar formed the SPDF mostly from deserters of the pro-Khartoum South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF) and later merged it with the SPLM/A.
# Lady C

Lady C may refer to:
* Lady Colin Campbell, also known as Lady C, British author, socialite and television personality
* Lady C (wrestler), Japanese professional wrestler
# Stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme

Stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (EC 3.4.21.117, kallikrein 7, SCCE, KLK7, PRSS6, hK7) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    Cleavage of proteins with aromatic side chains in the P1 position
This enzyme has wide substrate specificity.
# Environmental Protection Act

Environmental Protection Act or Environment Protection Act may refer to:

## Australia

* Environmental Protection Act 1986, which governs the Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia
* Environment Protection Act 1993 in South Australia
* Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, known as the EPBC Act, in Australia

## Other countries

* Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999
* Environmental Protection Act 1990 in the United Kingdom
# The Reason Is You

"The Reason Is You" is a 1994 song by German singer and actress Nina Gerhard. She used to sing on several singles by German Eurodance music project Captain Hollywood Project, like "More and More" and "Only with You", before she went solo in 1994 with her frontname 'Nina'. Written by Nosie Katzmann, it was released as the first single from her debut album, Dare! (1995), and was also released with Spanish vocals. The single peaked at number one in Belgium and was also a huge hit in Spain, where it reached number two. Additionally, it peaked within the top 20 in Denmark and Iceland. There were made two different music video for the song.

## Chart performance

The single enjoyed some success in Europe, peaking at number-one in Belgium. In Denmark, it reached the top 20, peaking at number 20 in January 1995. In Iceland, it was even more successful, peaking at number 16 in February. On the Eurochart Hot 100, "The Reason Is You" reached its highest position as number 11. It did not chart in the UK.
In Spain, the song reached its second highest chart position in Europe, as number two. It entered the Spanish singles chart at number eight, and the following weeks it climbed to number four, three, and four again, before peaking at number two. Then it dropped to number five, seven, and nine, before leaving the chart. Some weeks later it re-appeared at number 18 and also at number 19, with some weeks in between. It was held off reaching number-one by Ororo's cover version of "Zombie" by The Cranberries.

## Track listing

* CD maxi, Germany
* "The Reason Is You" (Radio Version) – 4:00
* "The Reason Is You" (Tranceformer Extended Mix) – 6:10
* "The Reason Is You" (House Mix) – 5:15
* "The Reason Is You" (Extended Radio Edit) – 6:30
* "Save My Life" – 3:15
* CD maxi, Europe
* "The Reason Is You" (Tranceformer Radio Mix) – 3:35
* "The Reason Is You" (Spanish Version) – 4:10
* "The Reason Is You" (Tranceformer Extended Mix) – 6:10
* "The Reason Is You" (Alex' Mix) – 6:20
* "The Reason Is You" (Extended Radio Edit) – 6:30
# Constable de Bourbon

The term Constable de Bourbon might refer to any of the following Constables of France:
* James I, Count of La Marche, constable 1354–1356, killed at the Battle of Brignais
* John II, Duke of Bourbon (1426–1488), constable 1483
* Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, constable 1518–1523, killed at the Sack of Rome
# Theodore Soderberg

Theodore Soderberg may refer to:
* Theodore Soderberg (1890–1971), American sound engineer
* Theodore Soderberg (1923–2012), American sound engineer
# Rose City, Texas

Rose City is a city three miles east of Beaumont in Orange County, Texas, United States. The population was 326 at the 2020 census, down from 502 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Beaumont–Port Arthur Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.4 km$^2$), all land.

### Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Rose City has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## History

In 1950, an oilfield called Rose Hill was discovered just south of the town plat which yielded large quantities of crude oil and gas. The oil field, along with sand and gravel pits, would provide revenue for the area. In 1973, the town's voters elected to incorporate.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 519 people, 190 households, and 126 families residing in the city. The population density was 301.3 inhabitants per square mile (116.3/km$^2$). There were 215 housing units at an average density of 124.8 per square mile (48.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 91.52% White, 0.58% Native American, 1.16% Asian, 4.43% from other races, and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.40% of the population.
There were 190 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. Of all households 23.7% were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.32.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 11.6% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $27,344, and the median income for a family was $31,429. Males had a median income of $31,923 versus $16,591 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,143. About 14.6% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

Public education in Rose City is provided by the Vidor Independent School District.
# Physical Security Professional

A Physical Security Professional (PSP) is a Board certification process for individuals involved in the physical security of organizations. This certification process is offered by ASIS International. Certification lasts for three years, during which time ASIS requires credential holders to complete 60 Continuing Professional Education credits in order to meet recertification standards.

## Skill requirements

Technical experience and skills involved in this certification include:
* Design of security procedures and systems.
* Setup, operation, and maintenance of security systems.
* Responsibilities of people associated with security and response procedures.
* Performing threat surveys to evaluate the dangers present at a location or in an organization.

## Purpose of certification

The intent of this certification is to provide employers a means of knowing that an individual has a high level of knowledge pertaining to physical security. ASIS set the bar high, starting with specific eligibility requirements and continuing with recertification standards. They test applicants for knowledge and expertise in a number of areas such as threat assessment and risk analysis, an understanding of integrated physical security systems, and the ability to implement, evaluate and identify security measures and/or needs for a wide variety of protection situations. All of this is to maintain an accurate reflection of current industry skill and knowledge needs as well as to keep abreast of new technology and best practices.

## Eligibility requirements

ASIS lists the minimum requirements to take the PSP credential certification as follows:
* High school diploma, GED equivalent, or associate degree.
* Six years of progressive experience in the physical security field.
* The applicant must not have been convicted of any criminal offense that would reflect negatively on the security profession, ASIS, or the certification program.

### OR

* Bachelor's degree or higher.
* Four years of progressive experience in the physical security field.
* The applicant must not have been convicted of any criminal offense that would reflect negatively on the security profession, ASIS, or the certification program.

## Areas of expertise

Areas of certification by PSP include:
* Home security
* Security systems
* Executive protection
# Berthold Ebbecke

Berthold Ebbecke (1906–1969) was a German actor and screenwriter. He collaborated with Ludwig Metzger.

## Selected filmography
### Actor

* Trouble Backstairs (1935)
* The Court Concert (1936)
* The Beggar Student (1936)
* Ride to Freedom (1937)
* Secret Code LB 17 (1938)
* Nanon (1939)
* In the Name of the People (1939)
* The Murder Trial of Doctor Jordan (1949)
* The Trip to Marrakesh (1949)
* Theodore the Goalkeeper (1950)

### Writer

* Secret Code LB 17 (1938)
* Central Rio (1939)
# Cranesville

Cranesville may refer to:
* Cranesville, New York
* Cranesville, Pennsylvania
* Cranesville, West Virginia
* Cranesville Historic District, in Dalton, Massachusetts
# Stratum lucidum

The stratum lucidum (Latin, 'clear layer') is a thin, clear layer of dead skin cells in the epidermis named for its translucent appearance under a microscope. It is readily visible by light microscopy only in areas of thick skin, which are found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
Located between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. The keratinocytes of the stratum lucidum do not feature distinct boundaries and are filled with eleidin, an intermediate form of keratin. They are surrounded by an oily substance that is the result of the exocytosis of lamellar bodies accumulated while the keratinocytes are moving through the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.
The thickness of the stratum lucidum is controlled by the rate of mitosis (division) of the epidermal cells. Melanosomes in the stratum basale determine the darkness of the stratum lucidum.