OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Badminton at the 2010 South American Games – Women's doubles

The Women's Doubles event at the 2010 South American Games was held over March 21–24.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Katherine Winder Claudia Zornoza Peru | Cristina Aicardi Claudia Rivero Peru | Ting Ting Hu Natalia Villegas Chile Edith Loza Denisse Mera Ecuador |

## Draw

| First Round | First Round | First Round | Second Round | Second Round | Second Round | Second Round | Second Round | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| | | | 1 | Cristina Aicardi (PER) Claudia Rivero (PER) | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Liseth Benavides (COL) Maria Vargas (COL) | 6 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 1 | Cristina Aicardi (PER) Claudia Rivero (PER) | 21 | 24 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Ting Ting Hu (CHI) Natalia Villegas (CHI) | 15 | 22 | | | | | |
| | | | | Yasmin Cury (BRA) Paula Pereira (BRA) | 18 | 16 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ting Ting Hu (CHI) Natalia Villegas (CHI) | 21 | 21 | | Ting Ting Hu (CHI) Natalia Villegas (CHI) | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Crystal Leefmans (SUR) Quennie Pawarosemito (SUR) | 15 | 18 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | Cristina Aicardi (PER) Claudia Rivero (PER) | 21 | 18 | 22 |
| Daniela Blanco (COL) Laura Sanchez (COL) | 16 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Katherine Winder (PER) Claudia Zornoza (PER) | 10 | 21 | 24 |
| Lorena Bugallo (ARG) Celina Juarez (ARG) | 21 | 21 | | Lorena Bugallo (ARG) Celina Juarez (ARG) | 19 | 21 | 12 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Edith Loza (ECU) Denisse Mera (ECU) | 21 | 11 | 21 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Edith Loza (ECU) Denisse Mera (ECU) | 8 | 7 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | 2 | Katherine Winder (PER) Claudia Zornoza (PER) | 21 | 21 | | | | | |
| | | | | Marina Eliezer (BRA) Fabiana Silva (BRA) | 19 | 19 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 2 | Katherine Winder (PER) Claudia Zornoza (PER) | 19 | 19 | | | | | | | | | | |
# 1854 in sports

1854 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

## Baseball

Events
* The Knickerbockers adopt some rule changes agreed in conference by their delegates with those of the Gothams and Eagles.
* The Eagles win their first two matches, with the Knickerbockers in mid-November, 21–4 and 22–21. The latter is the first time one team scores 21 but loses in "equal innings".

## Boxing

Events
* Harry Broome retains the Championship of England but there is no record of any fights involving him in 1854.
* American champion John Morrissey becomes involved in Democratic politics in New York City and from this develops a bitter rivalry with William Poole, also known as "Bill the Butcher", another prizefighter. Poole is also the leader of a notorious gang called the Bowery Boys who plan to seize ballot boxes and rig an election. Morrissey and others are hired to prevent this.
* 14 February — Tom Paddock defeats Harry Poulson at Mildenhall in 102 rounds; this is the third and effectively deciding bout between the two.
* 18 July — Paddock defeats Aaron Jones at Long Reach in 121 rounds.
* 26 July — Poole and Morrisey agree to fight each other at Amos Dock, New York, to settle their dispute. Morrissey is badly beaten and, worried about the presence of Poole's supporters, concedes defeat.
* 27 August — Tom Paddock issues challenges to English Champion Harry Broome and to former champion William Perry but both refuse. Paddock responds by claiming the Championship of England, but he is not recognised at this time.
* 20 October — Morrissey declines a challenge for his American title from retired former champion Tom Hyer. It will be exactly four years until Morrissey defends his title again.

## Cricket

Events
* The follow-on differential is reduced to 80 (or 60 in one day).
England
* Most runs – Jemmy Dean 516 @ 16.12 (HS 99)
* Most wickets – John Wisden 106 @ 9.83 (BB 8–41)

## Football

Events
* Dublin University Football Club is founded by students at Trinity College. It is a rugby union club still based in the college grounds and plays in the AIB League. It is the world's oldest extant football club (all codes) in terms of continuous existence.

## Horse racing

England
* Grand National – Bourton
* 1,000 Guineas Stakes – Virago
* 2,000 Guineas Stakes – The Hermit
* The Derby – Andover
* The Oaks – Mincemeat
* St. Leger Stakes – Knight of St George

## Rowing

The Boat Race
* 8 April — Oxford wins the 12th Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, last contested in 1852
# 1990 Peruvian Segunda División

The 1990 Peruvian Segunda División, the second division of Peruvian football (soccer), was played by 20 teams. The tournament winner, Hijos de Yurimaguas was promoted to the 1991 Torneo Descentralizado.

## League table
### Zona Norte

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Lawn Tennis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 2 | Juventud Progreso | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 3 | Enrique Lau Chun | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | Juventud La Palma | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 5 | Mercado Mayorista | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Relegation Playoff |
| 6 | Juventud Huascarán | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Copa Perú |

### Zona Metropolitana

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Hijos de Yurimaguas | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 2 | Guardia Republicana | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 3 | Aurora Cantolao | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 4 | ENAPU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 5 | Defensor Rímac | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 6 | Real Olímpico | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 7 | CITEN | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Relegation Playoff |
| 8 | ETE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Copa Perú |

### Zona Sur

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Bella Esperanza | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 2 | Walter Ormeño | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Liguilla |
| 3 | Defensor Kiwi | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | Independiente | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 5 | Juan Mata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Relegation Playoff |
| 6 | Sport Puerto Aéreo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Copa Perú |

### Liguilla

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| 1 | Hijos de Yurimaguas | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1991 Torneo Descentralizado |
| 2 | Walter Ormeño | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 3 | Juventud La Palma | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | Juventud Progreso | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 5 | Guardia Republicana | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 6 | Bella Esperanza | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 7 | Aurora Miraflores | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 8 | ENAPU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |

### Relegation Playoff

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Mercado Mayorista | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 2 | Juan Mata | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 3 | CITEN | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Copa Perú |
# Dysdera arganoi

Dysdera arganoi is a spider species from the family Dysderidae that is endemic to Italy.
# Dušmanići

Dušmanići is a village in the municipality of Prijepolje, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 245 people.
# Angadh

Angadh was a Mehwal (petty princely state) under British India, spanning a part of what is now Vadodara district in Gujarat.
The caste of the ruling chief was recorded as Koli in an Imperial Gazetteer. The gazetteer documented a population of around 2,269 people in 1901.
# 1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season

The 1967–68 Bradford City A.F.C. season was the 55th in the club's history.
The club finished 5th in Division Four, reached the 2nd round of the FA Cup, and the 1st round of the League Cup.

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.
# Edmund Stonor

Most Rev. Edmund Stonor (13 April 1831 – 28 February 1912) was a prominent British Roman Catholic archbishop.
Born into the recusancy on 2 April 1831 at Stonor, England, the ancestral home of the Stonor family, he was the son of Thomas Stonor, 3rd Lord Camoys and Frances (née Towneley). Rev. Edmund Stonor held the office of Canon of St John Lateran, and later, as Archbishop of Trapezus.

## Career

On 13 April 1856, aged 25, he was ordained a priest. On 11 February 1889, aged 57, he was appointed as Titular Archbishop of Trapezus and ordained later that month. His consecration was attended by Lord William Beauchamp Nevill and his new wife Mabel Murietta, along with "most of the English visitors and residents in Rome". He was one of the episcopal consecrators of William Henry O'Connell, the future Cardinal Archbishop of Boston.
He was the "energetic, devoted chief chaplain" of the English-speaking Papal Zouaves (see dedication in Two Years in the Pontifical Zouaves by Joseph Powell, London: R. Washbourne, 1871).

## Death

Archbishop Stonor died on 28 February 1912, aged 80.
# 2011 ITK Open

The 2011 ITK Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Istanbul, Turkey between 22 and 28 August 2011.

## WTA entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| GER | Sarah Gronert | 230 | 1 |
| FRA | Irena Pavlovic | 235 | 2 |
| GBR | Melanie South | 246 | 3 |
| RSA | Chanel Simmonds | 258 | 4 |
| RUS | Valeria Solovieva | 263 | 5 |
| UKR | Veronika Kapshay | 269 | 6 |
| LTU | Lina Stančiūtė | 272 | 7 |
| UKR | Tetyana Arefyeva | 274 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of August 15, 2011.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Hülya Esen
* Sultan Gönen
* Ons Jabeur
* Melis Sezer
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Gioia Barbieri
* Despina Papamichail
* Nicole Rottmann
* Elina Svitolina

## Champions
### Singles

Victoria Larrière def. Sarah Gronert, 6–3, 1–6, 7–5

### Doubles

Julie Coin / Eva Hrdinová def. Sandra Klemenschits / Irena Pavlovic, 6–4, 7–5
# Emmonak Airport

Emmonak Airport (IATA: EMK, ICAO: PAEM, FAA LID: ENM) is a state-owned public-use airport located in Emmonak, a city in the Kusilvak Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.
Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, this airport is assigned ENM by the FAA and EMK by the IATA. The airport's ICAO identifier is PAEM.

## Facilities

Emmonak Airport has one runway designated 16/34 with a gravel surface measuring 4,601 by 100 feet (1,402 x 30 m).

## Airline and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Grant Aviation | Alakanuk, Bethel, Dillingham, Kotlik, Nunam Iqua |
Prior to its bankruptcy and cessation of all operations, Ravn Alaska served the airport from multiple locations.

### Statistics

Top domestic destinations: January – December 2016 :
| Rank | City | Airport | Passengers |
| 1 | Bethel, AK | Bethel Airport | 3,770 |
| 2 | Saint Marys, AK | St. Marys Airport | 1,090 |
| 3 | Kotlik, AK | Kotlik Airport | 1,040 |
| 4 | Alakanuk, AK | Alakanuk Airport | 720 |
| 5 | Nunam Iqua, AK | Sheldon Point Airport | 480 |
| 6 | Anchorage, AK | Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport | 110 |
# Avon, Pennsylvania

Avon is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,667 at the 2010 census, a decline from the figure of 2,856 tabulated in 2000.

## Geography

Avon is located in central Lebanon County at 40°20′45″N 76°23′12″W﻿ / ﻿40.34583°N 76.38667°W﻿ / 40.34583; -76.38667 (40.345923, -76.386756). It is primarily in South Lebanon Township but extends north slightly into North Lebanon Township. It is bordered to the northwest by the city of Lebanon and to the west by the Hebron census-designated place. The Avon census-designated place contains the communities of Avon and Avon Heights.
U.S. Route 422 (East Cumberland Street) passes through Avon, leading west into the center of Lebanon and east 27 miles (43 km) to Reading. Harrisburg, the state capital, is 30 miles (48 km) to the west via US-422 and US-322.
According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2010 the CDP had an area of 1.4 square miles (3.6 km$^2$), down from 1.6 square miles (4.1 km$^2$) at the 2000 census all land. The community drains southwest to Quittapahilla Creek, which flows west through the center of Lebanon and is a tributary of Swatara Creek, itself a tributary of the Susquehanna River.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census, there were 2,856 people, 854 households and 615 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,769.8 inhabitants per square mile (683.3/km$^2$). There were 916 housing units at an average density of 567.6 per square mile (219.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.92% White, 1.86% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.74% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 1.61% from other races, and 0.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.39% of the population.
There were 854 households, of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.8% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.04.
18.7% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.
The median household income was $39,872 and the median family income was $42,358. Males had a median income of $33,393 versus $27,717 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,901. About 3.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 2.4% of those age 65 or over.
# Allen Grove, Tennessee

Allen Grove is an unincorporated community in Cocke County, Tennessee, in the United States.

## History

Allen Grove was named for Isaac Allen, who donated the land where a church and schoolhouse stood.
# Dwayne Armstrong

Dwayne Armstrong (born March 18, 1971) is an American former sportsman who played American football and Australian rules football.

## College football career

Armstrong played college football for Iowa State in 1991 and 1992, lettering in both years. He was a member of the Los Angeles Raiders practice squad, but did not get activated to the main squad.

## Australian rules football

The African-American athlete is best known for converting to Australian rules football. Armstrong met Melanie Oakley, the daughter of Ross Oakley, the chief executive officer of the Australian Football League (AFL). He convinced Essendon Football Club coach Kevin Sheedy to recruit Armstrong, the first American raised athlete to switch to professional Australian rules football.
He showed some promise and was put on Essendon's supplementary list. Although he did not debut at senior AFL level, he played several reserve grade and pre-season games. He also spent a season developing his skills with Russell Jeffrey at the Wanderers Football Club in Darwin, Northern Territory.
Following his AFL attempt, Armstrong took a job with Ross Oakley's company that had acquired the license to sell NFL products in Australia. He became the NFL development manager for Australasia and was involved in arranging the NFL to be televised in Australia, the 1999 American Bowl game between the San Diego Chargers and the Denver Broncos in Sydney and the Superpunt punting talent search that led to Mat McBriar winning a scholarship to the University of Hawaii.
# El Adjiba

El Adjiba is a town and commune in Bouïra Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 11,572.
# 2008 Davidoff Swiss Indoors

The 2008 Davidoff Swiss Indoors was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 39th edition of the event known that year as the Davidoff Swiss Indoors, and was part of the International Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel, Switzerland, from 20 October through 26 October 2008.
The singles field was led by ATP No. 2, Olympic doubles gold medalist, US Open, Estoril and Halle titlist, two-time Basel defending champion Roger Federer, Buenos Aires and Stockholm winner David Nalbandian, and Stuttgart, Kitzbühel, Los Angeles and Washington titlist Juan Martín del Potro. Also lined up were Delray Beach and Houston runner-up James Blake, Doha and Rome Masters finalist Stanislas Wawrinka, Igor Andreev, Tomáš Berdych and Mardy Fish.
First-seeded and defending champion Roger Federer won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Roger Federer defeated David Nalbandian, 6–3, 6–4
* It was Roger Federer's 4th title of the year, and his 57th overall. It was his 3rd consecutive title at the event.

### Doubles

Mahesh Bhupathi / Mark Knowles defeated Christopher Kas / Philipp Kohlschreiber, 6–3, 6–3
# Andreas Paulus

Andreas L. Paulus (born 30 August 1968) is a German jurist who has been serving as a Judge on the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany since 2010. He held the chair of general international law at the University of Göttingen. His research interests include international law, humanitarian law, and constitutional law.

## Career

Paulus attended the University of Göttingen, University of Geneva's Graduate Institute of International Studies, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and Harvard University. He received his first Staatsexamen in 1994, his second in 1996. In 2000, Paulus completed his doctoral thesis on "Die internationale Gemeinschaft im Völkerrecht" (The International Community in Public International Law) under the supervision of Bruno Simma at the University of Munich. After spending the 2003/04 academic year as Visiting Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School, Paulus finished his Habilitation in Munich, and since 2006 holds a chair at the University of Göttingen.
On February 25, 2010, Paulus was nominated to succeed Hans-Jürgen Papier on the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany. Since March 2010 he is the successor of Papier.
Paulus was an assistant to Bruno Simma in the LaGrand case.

## Notable decisions

When the Federal Constitutional Court ruled on the institutional set-up of Germany’s public broadcasting corporations in March 2014, Paulus issued a dissenting opinion arguing that it is “necessary that the supervisory bodies are generally free of representatives of the executive in order to emancipate them from state influence.”

## Other activities

* Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Member of the Scientific Advisory Board (since 2013)
* Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition, Member of the Board of Trustees
* Minerva Center for Human Rights, Member of the International Advisory Board (since 2010)

## Selected publications

* ———; Simma, Bruno (1998), "The 'International Community': Facing the Challenge of Globalization", European Journal of International Law, 9 (2): 266–277, doi:10.1093/ejil/9.2.266, archived from the original on 2006-10-03.
* ———; Simma, Bruno (1999), "The Responsibility of Individuals for Human Rights Abuses in Internal Conflicts: A Positivist View", American Journal of International Law, 93 (2): 302–316, doi:10.2307/2997991, JSTOR 2997991, S2CID 143168066.
* ——— (2003), "The War against Iraq and the Future of International Law: Hegemony or Pluralism", Michigan Journal of International Law, 25: 691–733.
* ——— (2004), "From Neglect to Defiance? The United States and International Adjudication", European Journal of International Law, 15 (4): 783–812, doi:10.1093/ejil/15.4.783.
* ———; Nolte, Georg; Marauhn, Thilo (2007), "Possible Future Trends in International Humanitarian Law", Human Rights Law Journal, 28: 65–75.
# Atlantic Guards

The Atlantic Guards were a 19th-century American street gang active in New York City from the 1840s to the 1860s. It was one of the original, and among the most important gangs of the early days of the Bowery, along with the Bowery Boys, American Guards, O'Connell Guards, and the True Blue Americans.
Although engaging in street fighting, these gangs were generally less criminal in nature than their Five Point rivals, stopping "just short of murder", instead formed as nativist vigilante groups focused on protecting Bowery neighborhoods. It was common for Bowery and Five Point gangs alike to imitate (and sometimes parody) actual military companies and wear signature "uniforms" (e.g. the stove pipe hats and long black frock coats of the True Blue Americans). The Atlantic Guards wore a red stripe on their trousers.
A longtime ally of the Bowery Boys, they were referred to by journalist Carleton Beals as "Bill "the Butcher" Poole's Christopher Street thugs" and often warred with the Irish American gangs of the Five Points, most especially, the Dead Rabbits. This feud would continue throughout the 1840s and 50s, at the height of the Know Nothing movement, culminating in the Dead Rabbits Riot in 1857. The riot originally began with a Five Points raid on No. 42 Bowery, the headquarters of the Bowery Boys and the Atlantic Guards, in "celebration" of the Fourth of July. The Five Pointers showered the saloon with sticks and paving stone before moving on to the nearby Branch Hotel. The guests managed to hold off the mob until they were driven off by an estimated 300 Atlantic Guards and Bowery Boys. Fighting continued, however, and soon escalated into a citywide gang war lasting two days before order was restored by the New York State Militia under Major-General Charles W. Sandford.

## In popular culture

* The Atlantic Guards are referenced in the historical novels Andersonville (1993) by MacKinlay Kantor and The Coming Storm (2011) by Dominic Lagan.
# Argyractoides nitens

Argyractoides nitens is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Costa Rica.