OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander James McPhail

Alexander James McPhail (December 23, 1883 – October 21, 1931) was a Scottish-Canadian agricultural reformer, and the first elected president of the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool. The Canadian government designated him a Person of National Historic Significance in 1971.

## Early life

Alexander McPhail was born in Paisley, Ontario, the eldest of eight or nine siblings. In 1902, when he was nineteen, his parents died. He eventually took his homestead West, settling in Bankend, Saskatchewan in 1906.
In 1913, McPhail joined the Saskatchewan Department of Agriculture. There he promoted various political and economic changes for prairie farmers. After the dismissal of P.F. Brendt, because of his German nationality as of tension caused by the Great War, McPhail resigned his position in 1918. Concurrently, he had been enlisted in the military as a member of the domestic militia.
He then became a livestock drover in Elfros, Saskatchewan. During this period he became involved with the Progressive Party of Canada and was a member of the "Ginger Group".
In 1922, he became the Secretary of the Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association, replacing J.B. Musselman. McPhail held this position until his resignation in 1924.
In 1924, McPhail became the first elected president of the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, with George Robertson of Wynyard as secretary, after canvassers promoted pooling wheat acquired up more than 50 percent of the acreage in the province. His administration was involved with the purchase of the elevator system owned by the Saskatchewan Co-operative Elevator Co. He would be president until his death in 1931.
He was also instrumental in forming the Central Sales Agency to handle the crops of the three prairie provinces. The Agency, by August 1931, fell into debt, requiring all three provincial pools it balance the dues.
On October 21, 1931, at the age of 47, McPhail died after an operation at the Regina General Hospital.

## Political views

McPhail was a firm believer in voluntary marketing, going so far as to campaign against compulsory marketing.
He was in opposition against high salaries for top managers at the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, stating: "Seven thousand a year should be enough for any man if his heart is in the work". He, himself, only had a salary of $4,000 a year, comparable to what he could have earned farming.

## Legacy

There is a plaque dedicated to McPhail on the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool Building at 2625 Victoria Avenue in Regina, Saskatchewan.
Harold Innis identified himself with McPhail's character. In compiling McPhail's diary, he describes McPhail as having "a strong sense of humour … as well as a hard agnostic bent of mind which resisted emotionalism and made imposition difficult.... He disliked publicity... He read widely, and particularly biography..." In the same work, Innis quotes an uncited source's description of McPhail, who "loathed cynicism, smartness, and pomposity in equal degrees. He admired brains and respected honesty.… It was difficult for him to unbend physically or mentally … no use for cards in any form, or any time-wasting pastimes except conversation".
# Dragonar

Dragonar may refer to:
* Metal Armor Dragonar, a 1987 anime series with 48 episodes
* Dragonar Academy, a 2010 light novel series adapted into a 2011 manga and 2014 anime with 12 episodes
# Alex Smith (New Zealand footballer)

Alex Smith is a former football (soccer) player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Smith made a solitary official international appearance for New Zealand in a 0–0 draw with Iran on 12 August 1973.
# Dorothy Stuart Russell

Dorothy Stuart Russell (29 June 1895 – 19 October 1983) was an Australian born, British pathologist. She was a director of the Bernhard Baron Institute of Pathology.

## Life

Dorothy Stuart Russell was born in Sydney, Australia in 1895, the second daughter of Phillip Russell and his wife Alice Cave. After the death of her father in 1898, and then her mother in 1904, she and her sister were sent to be cared for by their father's sister at Fowlmere in England. She went to the Perse High School for Girls before going to the University of Cambridge, gaining a first class B.A. degree at Girton College in 1918.

## Medical studies

In 1918, Russell went on to study at the London Hospital Medical College (LHMC) where she discovered a mentor in Hubert Turnbull. Turnbull was the Professor of morbid anatomy and she was funded to work with him for some years. After qualifying in 1922, she pursued pathology studies. In 1928, Russell won a Rockefeller Scholarship and worked with Frank Mallory in Boston, and Wilder Penfield at the Montreal Neurological Institute. This year enabled her to move into a study of neuropathology. She graduated with her M.D. and the University Gold Medal in 1929.
Russell published A Classification of Bright's Disease in 1930, and she further expanded on this in her D.Sc. in 1943. From 1929, Russell worked closely with Hugh Cairns until around 1944, at the Medical Research Council. During the war she worked at Oxford University at the Military Hospital for Brain Injuries.
In 1944 she returned to the London Hospital Medical College where she took over many of the duties of Turnbull. She was made Professor of Morbid Pathology, the first woman to be appointed in this position, succeeding her mentor Professor Turnbull in 1946. She published her work, Observations on the Pathology of Hydrocephalus in 1949. Russell published her work with Lucien Rubinstein, The pathology of tumours of the nervous system, in 1959. She retired in 1960. She was appointed Emeritus Professor in 1960.

## Memberships

Russell was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine. She was also a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society and Royal College of Physicians.
She won the Oliver Sharpey Prize of the Royal College of Physicians in 1968.
Russell died in Dorking in 1983.
# Dorothy Stoner

Dorothy Kate Stoner (28 November 1904 – 18 November 1992) was an Australian artist and teacher. She was known for her pastels and modernistic paintings.
Born in Sussex, England on 27 November 1904, Stoner moved to Tasmania in 1921.
She studied art at Hobart Technical College from 1925 to 1929, her teachers being Lucien Dechaineux and Mildred Lovett. Her teaching career began at Launceston Technical College from 1936 to 1939. She returned to Hobart Technical College in 1940 and taught there during Jack Carington Smith's time as head of school, until 1964.
Two of her watercolours of flowers were included in an exhibition of drawings held Modern Art Centre, Sydney in 1933. The Sydney Morning Herald critic commented that Stoner "neglects the detailed treatment of petal textures which would have lured most artists; and, instead, merely indicates those textures, and concentrates on the effect of heavy outlines, relieved with tonal contrasts of a more general nature. The total impression created is one which mingles tenderness admirably with strength. The colour is highly sensitive and refined."
She exhibited her work regularly in the annual exhibition arranged by The Art Society of Tasmania. In 1946 she illustrated a children's book, Fairy Fancies, by Athalie Jean Bell.
A retrospective exhibition of her work and that of fellow Tasmanian painter Edith Holmes was held in the Arts Council Galleries in Canberra in 1984. Curated by Hendrick Kolenberg of the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, the exhibition brought together 149 artworks. In his review, art critic Sasha Grishin commented: "For me, the great strength in her work is her quality as a draughtsman."
Examples of Stoner's work are on permanent display in the Henry Hunter Galleries at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery.
# Alexander Uspensky

Alexander Uspensky may refer to:
* Alexander Uspenski (born 1987), Russian figure skater
* Alexander Ivanovich Uspensky (1902–1940), leader of the Cheka, the GPU and the NKVD
# Alexa Curtis (singer)

Alexa Curtis (born 4 January 2004) is an Australian singer, songwriter and actress. She won The Voice Kids Australia as part of Delta Goodrem's team in 2014, and subsequently signed with Universal Music Australia. Curtis represented Australia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016, where she placed fifth with 202 points.

## Early life

Curtis was born on 4 January 2004 to her New Zealand parents. She has an older brother, Aidan. Two years before she was born, her family originally lived in Auckland, New Zealand, before relocating to Australia in 2002. She won The Voice Kids Australia in 2014 and was signed with Universal Music Australia.

## Career
### Acting

In 2021, Alexa gained the lead role as Taylor Young in Rock Island Mysteries, a 20-part adventure/drama series which was shot on the Gold Coast, Queensland. A joint collaboration between Fremantle Australia and Nickelodeon. It premiered on 2 May 2022, on 10 Shake and 10 Play. It will air on Nickelodeon Australia and New Zealand from June 2022 and global audiences on Nickelodeon International later in the year. In 2019 Alexa played a supporting role as Jordan in the locally-shot movie Swimming for Gold.

### Singing

In 2014 Alexa was a contestant on The Voice Kids. While all chairs turned, she chose Team Delta. She made it to the grand final where she won. Alexa appeared twice in the 2014 Schools Spectacular, first performing with her Voice Kids co-stars, then duetting with The Voice winner Anja Nissen. The same year she performed with a small group of The Voice Kids at Vision Australia's Carols by Candlelight. In 2015 and 2016 she performed as a featured artist at the Brisbane IGA Lord Mayor's Christmas Carols. In 2016 she sang the opening theme song for six episodes of The Powerpuff Girls on Cartoon Network Australia.
The Voice Kids performances and results (2014) :
| Episode | Song | Original Artist | Result |
| Audition | "Girl on Fire" | Alicia Keys | Through to Battle Rounds |
| Battle Rounds | "Stop" | Spice Girls | Through to Sing-Offs |
| Sing-Offs | "Girl on Fire" | Alicia Keys | Through to Grand Finale |
| Grand Finale Part 1 | "Colors of the Wind" | Pocahontas | Advanced |
| Grand Finale Part 2 | "Hero" | Mariah Carey | Winner |
Alexa represented Australia in the 2016 Junior Eurovision Song Contest. The song she sang was called "We Are". She finished in fifth place with 202 points. In 2020 Alexa released her first single 'Overflow' with music and lyrics 100% owned by her. It was independently released.

## Discography
### Singles

| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Year | Title | AUS | Album |
| 2014 | "Playground" | — | — |
| 2016 | "We Are" | — | — |
| 2020 | "Overflow" | — | — |
| 2022 | "Dejavu" | — | — |
| 2022 | "Cry" | — | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released. ||||

### Guest appearances

| Year | Song | Album |
| 2014 | "Colours of The Wind" | The Voice Kids 2014 |
| 2014 | "Girl On Fire" | The Voice Kids 2014 |
# John Burgoyne (disambiguation)

John Burgoyne (1722–1792) was a British army officer in the Saratoga campaign, politician and dramatist.
John Burgoyne may also refer to:
* John Burgoyne (MP for Cambridgeshire) (died c. 1435), MP for Cambridgeshire
* Sir John Fox Burgoyne (1782–1871), senior British Army officer
* Sir John Burgoyne, 1st Baronet (c. 1592–1657), High Sheriff of Bedfordshire, Member of Parliament for Warwickshire 1645–48
* Sir John Burgoyne, 3rd Baronet (c. 1651–1709), High Sheriff of Bedfordshire, one of the Burgoyne baronets
* Sir John Burgoyne, 5th Baronet (c. 1705–1716), one of the Burgoyne baronets
* Sir John Burgoyne, 7th Baronet (1739–1785), general; cousin of Lieutenant-general John Burgoyne.
* Sir John Montagu Burgoyne, 9th Baronet (1796–1858), High Sheriff of Bedfordshire; colonel, of the Burgoyne baronets
* Sir John Montagu Burgoyne, 10th Baronet (1832–1921), of the Burgoyne baronets
# MGD PM-9

The MGD PM-9 was a French open bolt submachine gun, designed in the late 1940s or early 1950s by Louis Debuit and manufactured in small numbers by French firm Merlin and Gerin in the 1950s. The PM9 was an unusual design in three different ways: it employed off-axis delayed blowback, it had a clock-style spiral mainspring similar to that of the Lewis gun, rather than the cylindrically-coiled spring used in the vast majority of self-loading firearms and, most unconventionally of all, used a rotating flywheel as a delaying mass in conjunction with the bolt. It was furnished with a folding magazine, and some also had folding buttstocks, and this together with its original operating mechanism results in a highly compact weapon, but there is no known record of it being purchased or deployed by any military or police force.
# Carlos Rendón Zipagauta

Carlos Rendón Zipagauta (Cali, 29 September 1955) is a Colombian-Belgian documentary filmmaker. Rendón Zipagauta studied film and screenwriting in Belgium, where he lived for 16 years. He began as assistant then co-director to Jean Christophe Lamy. He returned to Colombia to shoot documentaries. His 1993 film Nukak Makú, about the indigenous Nukak peoples, won festival prizes in France and Belgium enabling also EU grants to make further documentaries.
Returning to Colombia Rendón Zipagauta has taught cinema at the University of Santa Magdalena since 2004, and teaches French at the Alliance Française of Santa Marta.

## Filmography (Director)
### Documentaries

* 1991 : Salseros, on Cali's salsa music
* 1992 : Tamalameque, on the town Tamalameque
* 1993 : Nukak Makú, on the indigenous Nukak people of Colombia
* 1997 : Ciénaga Grande on the grand swamps
* 1998 : Charanguita
* 2004 : Porteur d'eau produced by Scarfilm
* 2007 : Biblioburro, on Biblioburro The Donkey Library

### Screenwriter

* 1988 : P.O.V., TV series
# Joey Raia

Joey Raia is a New York-based mix engineer. He is known for his work with Run The Jewels, Aesop Rock, Nick Hook, Mac Miller and El-P. In 2017 he was nominated for the 2018 Grammy Awards in the category of "Best Rap Song" for mixing "Chase Me" by Dangermouse featuring Run The Jewels and Big Boi. Raia's mixes have also been featured in soundtracks including Frozen, Moana, Baby Driver and EA Sports' FIFA 2018.
Raia began his career designing audio electronics for Apogee and would later become an apprentice of the multi-Grammy winning producer, engineer and mixer Bob Clearmountain. He currently works from his private production and mix production studio in Dobbs Ferry, New York. The room was custom designed by veteran studio designer Francis Manzella. Raia is managed by Global Positioning Services management.

## Discography

| Artist | Year | Album | Mixer |
| Lorde | 2018 | Supercut (El-P Remix) | Y |
| Emmi | 2018 | Lovers | Y |
| Joe Cardamone | 2018 | "Holy War" | Y |
| Run The Jewels | 2017 | Run The Jewels 3 | Y |
| Dangermouse feat. Big Boi & Run The Jewels | 2017 | "Chase Me" | Y |
| Aesop Rock | 2016 | The Impossible Kid | Y |
| The Veils | 2016 | Total Depravity | Y |
| Moana | 2016 | Moana: The Songs | Y |
| Nick Hook | 2015 | Collage v.1 | Y |
| Frozen | 2014 | Frozen: The Songs | Engineer |
| Run The Jewels | 2014 | Run The Jewels 2 | Y |
| Diplo | 2013 | Revolution | Y |
| Mac Miller | 2013 | "Watching Movies with The Sound Off | Y |
| El-P | 2013 | Cancer4Cure | Y |
| Killer Mike | 2012 | R.A.P. Music | Y |
| Aesop Rock | 2012 | Skelethon | Y |
| Hail Mary Mallon | 2011 | Are You Gonna Eat That? | Y |
# Katherine Phillips

Katherine Phillips is an American educator and former vice-principal of the private Al-Bayan Bilingual Middle School in Kuwait, who was detained from leaving the country. Her travel ban caused concern among other foreign educators.

## Detention

Her detention stemmed from an incident in which Phillips gave an in-school suspension to three boys for fighting. The father of one of the boys, Fawaz al Marzoug, felt that his son had been improperly treated, moved his children to another school, and threatened Phillips with reprisals. This case in particular had caused widespread concern among US overseas educators.
On June 13, 2007, Phillips was at Kuwait International Airport intending to leave the country. She was stopped at immigration where she was informed that there was a case against her, pending further investigation and that a travel ban had been placed on her 15 months after the incident. Phillips has said, "The parent said that he would make this personal and this seems to be what he is intent upon doing."
The case of Katherine Phillips made headlines in the local and international press after the teacher posted a letter on the Internet asking for help. The incident also sparked comment in many blogs, particularly ones dealing with the issues of Westerners residing in the Middle East, and ones dealing with overseas educators.
The U.S. embassy in Kuwait confirmed in a statement a travel ban had been imposed on her, adding its consular section was in contact with the authorities to help Phillips leave Kuwait as soon as possible.
On Tuesday, 3 July 2007, due to the efforts of Al Bayan Bilingual School management, Kuwaiti legal counsel and the Kuwait Human Rights Society the situation regarding Phillips was resolved, and she was allowed to leave the country.
# Adolf Friedrich von Olthof

Adolf Friedrich von Olthof (7 September 1718, Strelitz-Alt - 30 June 1793, Stralsund) was a Swedish Pomeranian councilor, and patron of the arts.

## Biography

He was the son of the Court Archivist, Lucas Anton Olthoff (d. 1752), who was raised to the nobility the year of his death. From 1728 to 1734, he attended the Gymnasium Stralsund [de]. Later, he studied at the University of Halle and the University of Greifswald. In 1738, he became his father's assistant and, in 1742, a "Secretary of the Knighthood" for Pomerania. Two years later, he succeeded his father in his position of Syndic. From 1747 to 1756, he worked in Stockholm, on behalf of the Knighthood, and gained a knowledge of Swedish law.
In 1757, together with the merchant and banker, Joachim Ulrich Giese [de], he leased the newly established Stralsund Mint; resigning his various offices. Later that same year, Sweden entered the Seven Years' War, and he was named to the War Commission. In October 1759, he was taken prisoner in Demmin, and was held for a year. Upon his release, he acquired several estates along the North Sea. He also profited from efforts to ward off the effects of the devaluation of Prussian currency.
He was commissioned by King Adolf Friedrich to help negotiate peace with Prussia. In 1762, he concluded the Treaty of Hamburg with the Prussian Ambassador, Johann Julius von Hecht [de]. He was also appointed a Councilor but, the following year, once again resigned all his positions to devote himself to his business activities.
Some of his wealth went into patronage. His estate near Parchtitz became a gathering place for friends and relatives who were interested in supporting the arts. Shortly after signing the Treaty, he invited the painters, Georg David Matthieu and Jakob Philipp Hackert, and the writer Johann Caspar Lavater, to come there as his guests. The artists provided decorations for his townhouse, and six large scale landscapes were provided for the ballroom. Later, Hackert would accompany him and Giese on a trip to Sweden. Balthasar Anton Dunker, Olthof's nephew, became Hackert's student, and went to Paris with him to complete his training.
Their contract with the mint expired in 1763. Three years later, after checking their claims, the Swedish government paid them less than half the expenses he and Giese were claiming. This was not enough to cover their debts, due to their lavish lifestyles. When Olthof was reappointed as a Councilor in 1773, half his annual salary was seized by creditors. A settlement was reached in 1775. The terms gave him and Giese licenses to run a lottery and a pawn shop, secured with bonds. Despite this, the Royal Court [de] in Greifswald opened bankruptcy proceedings against him in 1777. Only half of his debt was covered, and he resigned from the government.
In 1787, he was named Vice Chancellor at his alma mater, the University of Greifswald, and received a professorship. He sold the pawn shop concession in 1792, to help Giese's widow and provide himself with a small pension. He died impoverished and childless, having never married, and was interred at St. Jürgen's Cemetery in Stralsund.
# Digama strabonis

Digama strabonis is a moth of the family Erebidae, subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in Kenya, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.
# Drachiella

Drachiella may refer to either
* Drachiella (alga), a genus of red algae
* Drachiella (crab), a genus of crabs
# Kuroda Nagatomo

Kuroda Nagatomo (黒田 長知, February 2, 1838 – January 7, 1902) was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period, who served as the last daimyō of Fukuoka han. He was adopted into the family and was born as Tatewaka (建若), the second son of Tōdō Takayuki, lord of the Tsu han. A pro-Chōshū figure during the tumultuous Bakumatsu era, he allied with the new government in the Boshin War. Nagatomo was named governor of the newly created Fukuoka Prefecture in 1869. In 1871, the government discovered a counterfeiting operation occurring on the castle grounds with the knowledge of the prefectural government. As a result, Nagatomo was replaced as governor by Prince Arisugawa Taruhito. Nagatomo was made a member of the new nobility in the Meiji period.
Nagatomo died in Tokyo in 1902, at age 65, passing on the headship to his son Kuroda Nagashige in 1878.

## Family

* Father: Tōdō Takayuki
* Mother: Myojin’in
* Foster Father: Kuroda Nagahiro
* Wife: Matsudaira Toyoko
* Concubines:
** Nakamura-dono
** Iwatani-dono
** Toshiro-dono
** Sumida-dono
** Itakura-dono
** Omiya-dono
* Children:
** Kuroda Nagashige (1867–1939) by Toyoko
** Kuroda Nagatoshi (1881-1944) by Toyoko
** Sadako married Nabeshima Naomitsu by Toyoko
** Junko
** Kuroda Nagaatsu (1885-1963) by Toyoko

## Title

| Preceded byKuroda Nagahiro | Daimyō of Fukuoka 1869–1871 | Succeeded byPrince Arisugawa Taruhito |
| Preceded byKuroda Nagahiro | Kuroda family head 1869–1878 | Succeeded byKuroda Nagashige |
# Kurt Birrenbach

Kurt Birrenbach (July 2, 1907 – December 26, 1987) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and former member of the German Bundestag.

## Life

Birrenbach joined the CDU in 1953. Birrenbach was a member of the German Bundestag from 1957 to 1976, where he was a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee throughout. He was also a member of the European Parliament from 29 October 1959 to 29 November 1961.

## Literature

Herbst, Ludolf; Jahn, Bruno (2002). Vierhaus, Rudolf (ed.). Biographisches Handbuch der Mitglieder des Deutschen Bundestages. 1949–2002 [Biographical Handbook of the Members of the German Bundestag. 1949–2002] (in German). München: De Gruyter - De Gruyter Saur. p. 1715. ISBN 978-3-11-184511-1.
# Kuskokwimiidae

Kuskokwimiidae is an extinct taxonomic family of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the informal group Lower Heterobranchia.
# Kurt Seit

Leutnant Kurt Seit (born 30 July 1894, date of death unknown) was a German World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

## Biography

Kurt Seit was born on 30 July 1894. He was serving in the German ground forces when World War I began. He was awarded the Iron Cross Second Class on 3 November 1914. He transferred to aviation duty, serving with Flieger-Abteilung 199 (Flier Detachment 199). He subsequently went for fighter training, which got him posted to Jagdstaffel 80 on 4 June 1918.
On 22 July 1918, he shot down an Airco DH.9 bomber from No. 99 Squadron RAF. Four days later, he was awarded the Iron Cross First Class. He would down an enemy aircraft each of the next four months, bagging two more DH.9s, an observation balloon, and a Breguet XIV.
Although the dates are unknown, Seitz was wounded four times, entitling him to the Silver Wound Badge

## Sources of information

* ↑ The Aerodrome website Kurt Seit Retrieved 16 September 2020
* 1 2 3 Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918, p. 209
# Kyizu

Kyizu is a village in Homalin Township, Hkamti District, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Burma.