OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alt-Scharfeneck Castle

Alt-Scharfeneck Castle is a castle ruin on the outskirts of the Palatinate Forest near Leinsweiler in the district Südliche Weinstrasse in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
The remnants of this castle are located on a height of 363 meters.

## Location

Being a rock castle, the few remains of the old castle are on a rocky spur, 363 metres (1,191 ft) high, on the north-eastern end of the Ringelbergstrasse at the entrance to the grove creek valley in the southern Palatinate Forest. The completion date was around 1100–1130 AD and most likely as a feudal seat. In today's maps the terrain is listed only as an "artificial embankment"

## History

Presumably, the castle was built during the time of the Salian emperors in the first third of the 12th century. The findings obtained in Gottfried Decker Frankweiler's excavations allow a dating to the time of the Salian dynasty. This contradicts previous assumptions that the castle was built on order of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to protect the Trifels and in 1219 passed into the possession of Henry I " the Old " of Scharfeneck, who named himself after the castle. Subsequent owners that took over starting in 1232 were his two sons, Henry " the elder " and Henry " the Younger ".
Nearly two hundred years later, in 1416, the castle was left to decay, since it was completely dismantled for the new castle Neuscharfeneck. Only in the 1950s further foundations were rediscovered during excavations. There were three different wall remains uncovered, their outer shells were made of a typical quad-engine Salian masonry. Since the ruined wall was built with mortar instead of clay, it also points to Salian builders (Comparable masonry at Trifels Anebos and on Schloessel at Klingenmünster). )
Also found at Wiligartaburg were similar ceramics which have an earlier construction than previously thought, too. These findings do not exclude, of course, that which had been of Scharfenberg/Scharfeneck origin in their time in possession of the castle. The castle was most probably abandoned before the end of the 14th century and left to decay.
In 1830, the ancestors of the current owners have - the castle grounds is privately owned - rebuilt fortresses around the area using the remains of much of the north-eastern wall as well as other parts of the old castle.
# Eastern Mining and Processing Plant

The Eastern Mining and Processing Plant (Ukrainian: Східний гірничо-збагачувальний комбінат; Skhidnyy hirnycho-zbahachuvalʹnyy kombinat) is one of the top ten uranium mining and milling facilities in the world, and also the largest one in Europe. The state-owned enterprise, known as Vostochny Gorno-Obogatitel’niy Kombinat (VostGOK) - is located in the city of Zhovti Vody, Ukraine, with the address Pershotravneva St, 2А, Zhovti Vody, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine, 52200.
According to Ukrainian Metal on their website post of 08.11.2023, "In Kirovohrad region law enforcers revealed managers of the state enterprise Vostochniy Mining and Processing Works on buying metallurgical slag wastes at inflated prices. VostGOK is the largest in Europe and the only in Ukraine extractor of uranium ore and producer of uranium concentrate. According to the Economical Security Bureau, the enterprise announced tenders to buy raw materials, the winners of which were faux companies, that acted as middlemen, while slag wastes were bought directly from manufacturers. Thus, expenses were increased, but taxes minimized. As a result, the state received damages of 1.5 million UAH."
# Eagle Point, Saskatchewan

Eagle Point is an unincorporated community and cluster subdivision within northern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada.

## Geography

Eagle Point is on the western shore of Lac la Ronge.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Eagle Point had a population of 105 living in 33 of its 36 total private dwellings, a change of 15.4% from its 2016 population of 91. With a land area of 1 km$^2$ (0.39 sq mi), it had a population density of 105.0/km$^2$ (271.9/sq mi) in 2021.
# Alzoniella edmundi

Alzoniella edmundi is a species of spring snail, an aquatic gastropod in the family Hydrobiidae.
This species is endemic to Mallorca.
# Alzoniella junqua

Alzoniella junqua is a species of very small aquatic snail, a spring snail, an operculate gastropod mollusc in the family Hydrobiidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 1.4 mm and 1.8 mm, the diameter between 0.82 mm and 1 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques and Hérault, France.
# Eastern Punjab cricket team

The Eastern Punjab cricket team was an Indian domestic cricket team representing the eastern part of the Indian state of Punjab. It played 22 first-class matches, all in the Ranji Trophy, between 1950 and 1960, winning 2, losing 13 and drawing 7. It played its home matches in Amritsar and Jalandhar.
The highest individual score was 145 by Swaranjit Singh, who hit two of the team's four centuries. Swaranjit Singh's 145 contributed to Eastern Punjab's highest team total of 380. The lowest team total was 31, against Railways in 1958–59.
The best innings bowling figures were 6 for 35 by William Ghosh. The best match figures were 9 for 48 (5 for 15 and 4 for 33) by Som Prakash in Jammu and Kashmir's inaugural first-class match in January 1960. That match, which Eastern Punjab won by an innings, was the only one in which they dismissed their opponents twice.
After the team disbanded, many of the players joined Southern Punjab or Northern Punjab, which both competed in the Ranji Trophy from 1960 to 1961 and 1967–68. For the 1968–69 season they combined to form an undivided Punjab team.
# 1600s in South Africa

The following lists events that happened during the 1600s in South Africa.

## Events

* 1594 - 1601 - James Lancaster, an English navigator, explores the southern African coast and establishes trade relationships with the Khoikhoi
* 20 March 1602 - the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) or better known as the Dutch East India Company is established in the Netherlands
* 1608 - The Portuguese ship, Santo Esperitu, is believed to have been shipwrecked off the eastern coast of South Africa
# Altmar, Illinois

Altmar is an unincorporated community in Eagle Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. Altmar is located along the Norfolk Southern Railway, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Kangley.
The community may be named after Altmar, New York.
# 1657 in Denmark

Events from the year 1657 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Frederick III
* Steward of the Realm – Joachim Gersdorff

## Events

* 14 August – The first execution at Nytorv in Copenhagen takes place.

## Births

* 1 December – Karen Brahe, book collector (born 1736)
Undated
* Hans Nobel, landowner and civil servant (died 1732)

## Deaths

* 13 February – Erik Juel, noble Privy Councillor (born 1591)
* 29 April – Sophie Elisabeth Pentz, countess (born 1619)
* 10 November – Anders Bille, Marshal of the Realm (born 1600)
Undated
* c. 22 January – Niels Aagaard, librarian and scholar (born 1612)
# 1657 in France

Events from the year 1657 in France

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Louis XIV

## Events

* March – The Treaty of Paris allied the English Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell with King Louis XIV of France against King Philip IV of Spain.
* The 54th Infantry Regiment was formed.

## Births

* 11 February – Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, writer (d. 1757)
* 25 May – Henri-Pons de Thiard de Bissy, bishop and cardinal (d. 1737)
* 16 June – Louis Ellies Dupin, ecclesiastical historian (d. 1719)
* 24 July – Jean Mathieu de Chazelles, hydrographer (d. 1710)
* 7 August – Henri Basnage de Beauval, Huguenot historian, lexicographer and journal editor (d. 1710)
* 9 August – Pierre-Étienne Monnot, sculptor (d. 1733)
* 15 December – Michel Richard Delalande, composer and organist (d. 1726)

### Full date missing

* Jean-François de Chamillart, churchman (d. 1714)
* Anne Ferrand, writer (d. 1740)
* Pierre-Charles Le Sueur, fur trader and explorer (d. 1704)
* Jean-Baptiste Nolin, cartographer and engraver (d. 1708)
* Jacques Savary des Brûlons, lexicographer (d. 1716)
* Sébastien Truchet, Dominican priest, scientist and inventor (d. 1729)

## Deaths

* 19 February – Jean Riolan the Younger, anatomist (b. 1577 or 1580)
* 24 March – Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt, count and marshal (b. 1605)
* 24 December – Philippe Le Sueur de Petiville, poet (b. 1607)

### Full date missing

* Pompone de Bellièvre, magistrate, ambassador and statesman (b. 1606)
* Françoise de Lansac, courtier (b. 1582)
# Alura people

The Alura are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory.

## Country

The Alura inhabited the area, estimated at 900 square miles (2,300 km$^2$), around the northern side of the lower Victorian river and extending east from its mouth towards the vicinity of Bradshaw.

## Social organisation

According to the early ethnographer Robert Hamilton Mathews, the Alura had an eight-section class system of the type he called Wombya.

## Language

There is no linguistic data available on the Alura people.

## Alternative names

* Allura
* Hallurra
* Nallura
# Eats Darkness

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 57/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| PopMatters | |
| Pitchfork Media | (5.9/10) |
| Crawdaddy! | (favorable) |
| CHARTattack | |
| Metro News | |
Eats Darkness is Apostle of Hustle's third studio LP, released on May 19, 2009 to generally positive reviews. According to Andrew Whiteman, the album is "a serial poem about some struggles people go through. Battles, from the macro to the micro. Songs about tactics and attitudes needed in 'life during wartime'. Each track is like tapas at the banquet of conflict. A small contribution to the articulation of a fucked and beautiful world."

## Track listing

* "Snakes" – 0:29
* "Eazy Speaks" – 3:19
* "Soul Unwind" – 5:29
* "Sign" – 1:21
* "Perfect Fit" – 3:22
* "Xerses" – 4:28
* "What Are You Talking About?" – 0:24
* "Whistle in the Fog" – 4:23
* "Eats Darkness" – 2:58
* "Return to Sender" – 0:55
* "How to Defeat a More Powerful Enemy" – 3:13
* "Nobody Bought It" – 1:11
* "Blackberry" – 4:12
# Alveslohe

Alveslohe is a municipality in the district of Segeberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

## Gallery

* Gut Kaden
# Amaracarpus

Amaracarpus is a genus of shrubs, treelets or trees in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1826. Most of the species are endemic to New Guinea but a few have wider ranges in Southeast Asia from Myanmar (Burma) and the Andaman Islands across Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Melanesia, Christmas Island, Queensland and Vanuatu. One species also occurs in the Seychelles. Several species were published years ago but are today not represented by any type specimens or other known existing material.

## Species

* Amaracarpus acuminatus S.Moore - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus anomalus Wernham - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus attenuatus Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus belensis Merr. & L.M.Perry - Seram, New Guinea
* Amaracarpus brassii Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus braunianus (Warb. ex Boerl.) Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus calcicola Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus compactus Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus cuneifolius Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus doormanniensis Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus floribundus Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus grandiflorus A.P.Davis - Maluku
* Amaracarpus grandifolius Valeton - Maluku, New Guinea, Solomons, Bismarcks
* Amaracarpus idenburgensis Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus kochii Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus ledermannii Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus major (Valeton) A.P.Davis - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus montanus Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus nematopodus (F.Muell) P.I.Forst. - New Guinea, Queensland, Vanuatu
* Amaracarpus nouhuizii (Valeton) Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus novoguineensis (Warb. ex Boerl.) Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus nymanii Valeton - Papua New Guinea
* Amaracarpus papuanus Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus pubescens Blume - Seychelles, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Maluku, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi), Philippines, Christmas Island, Irian Jaya
* Amaracarpus rhombifolius Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus schlechteri Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus syzygifolius Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus trichocalyx Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus wichmannii Valeton - New Guinea
* Amaracarpus xanthocarpus Merr. & L.M.Perry - New Guinea
# East Molokai Volcano

The East Molokai Volcano, sometimes also known as Wailau for the Wailau valley on its north side, is an extinct shield volcano comprising the eastern two-thirds of the island of Molokaʻi in the U.S. state of Hawaii.

## Description

The East Molokai has a width of 70 km (43 mi) and a length of 150 km (93 mi). It is overlapped by the West Molokai, Lanai and Haleakalā shield volcanoes. Its shield formation began two million years ago and ended 1.5 million years ago whereas its postshield eruptions occurred 1.5 to 1.3 million years ago. The pahoehoe shield volcano of the Kalaupapa Peninsula postdates the main shield volcano of East Molokai and is considered to represent the last volcanic phase of East Molokai.
East Molokai was one of the seven principal volcanoes, along with West Molokai, Lānaʻi, West Maui, East Maui, Penguin Bank and Kahoʻolawe, that formerly constituted the island of Maui Nui.
The highest point is the peak called Kamakou on the southern rim, at 21°6′23″N 156°52′5″W﻿ / ﻿21.10639°N 156.86806°W﻿ / 21.10639; -156.86806﻿ (Kamakou). The Pēpēʻōpae bog is just below the rim.
The northern flank of the volcano has been truncated by enormous cliffs rising 900 m (3,000 ft) from the sea. The sea cliffs were formed when the northern third of the East Molokai Volcano suddenly collapsed and slid off into the sea, about 1.4 million years ago. The landslide was so fast and powerful that it extended 190 km (120 mi) into the sea, and generated a 600 m (2,000 ft)-high megatsunami that inundated the rest of Molokai and severely damaged the surrounding Hawaiian Islands before eventually reaching the coastlines of California and Mexico.
# Alverstone Manor

Alverstone Manor (also Alvrestone, 11th century; Alfricheston, Aluredeston, 13th century; Alvredeston, 14th century; Auverstone, 16th century) is a manor house in Alverstone in the parish of Brading on the Isle of Wight.

## History

It was held before and after the Conquest by William son of Stur. The overlordship passed with Gatcombe until the end of the 13th century at least. At the end of the 13th century William de Aumarle was holding a fee at Alverstone. He died in 1288–9, leaving a son Geoffrey, but the manor seems to have passed to Iseult de Aumarle, who was probably William's widow. She married Geoffrey de Insula (Lisle) of Gatcombe, and he is returned in 1293–4 as holding this fee in her right. Geoffrey de Aumarle died in 1320–1, but he does not seem to have been holding the manor. Geoffrey's son William, however, held it at the time of his death in 1335–6, when it passed to his son William. William the son died without issue, and his sister and co-heir Elizabeth married John Maltravers of Hooke, co. Dorset, by whom she had a daughter Elizabeth. As her second husband she married Sir Humphrey Stafford of Southwick, and they were in possession of the manor in 1402. Elizabeth daughter of Elizabeth and John Maltravers married Sir Humphrey Stafford, son of her mother's second husband, and the manor of Alverstone remained in the Stafford family until the execution of Sir Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon, in 1469. Alverstone passed to one of his co-heirs Eleanor Strangways, and was sold in 1556 by her grandson Sir Giles Strangways to Henry Stower. John Stower sold it in 1587 to Peter Fuller. Peter sold it in 1597 to Richard Baskett of Apse, of whose son Richard it was purchased in 1630 by Daniel Broad, contemptuously termed by Sir John Oglander 'a pedlar's son in Newport.' Grace Broad, whose relationship to Daniel is not known, married Alexander Alchorne and had a daughter Grace, who married John Popham and was in possession of the manor in 1713 and 1728. Grace died in 1735, but her husband still held the manor in 1746, (fn. 98) and must shortly after have sold it to Thomas Holmes, created Lord Holmes in 1760. It then passed with Yarmouth until 1859, (fn. 100) when it was sold by William Henry Ashe A'Court - Holmes to Thomas Webster, Q.C., whose son, Lord Alverstone, Lord Chief Justice of England, then held it.
# 1887 in Denmark

Events from the year 1887 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Christian IX
* Prime minister – J. B. S. Estrup

## Sports

* 12 July – Odense Boldklub is founded.

## Births
### April–June

* 30 May – Emil Reesen, composer and conductor (died 1964)
* 10 June – Prince Aage, Count of Rosenborg (died 1940 in Morocco)
* 16 June – Gundorph Albertus, silversmith (died 1969)

### July–September

* 3 July – Elith Pio, actor (died 1983)

### October–December

* 5 October – Nils Middelboe, football player (died 1976)
* 9 November – Kaj Gottlob, architect (died 1976)

## Deaths

* 28 March – Ditlev Gothard Monrad, politician and bishop (born 1811)
* 30 April – J.C. Jacobsen, brewer and industrialist, founder of Carlsberg (born 1811)
* 25 August – Thomas Lange, novelist (born 1829)
* 13 November – Hans Schjellerup, astronomer (died 1827)
# Amazon Trapeze

The Amazonian Trapeze or Leticia Trapeze is a geographical corridor located in the extreme south of the Amazonas Department of Colombia, which constitutes the southernmost part of the country and allows it to have banks on the Amazon River. At this end of the department, which extends like a peninsula between Brazil and Peru, is the departmental capital of Leticia.

## Location

The Amazon Trapeze, which emerges from a vaster territory to the north, is one of two parts of the Amazonas Department in Colombia. The Amazon Trapeze is located between the Putumayo River to the north and the Amazon River to the south, and between the border with Brazil to the east and the border with Peru to the west. Thus, a trapezoidal strip of about 50 km in the Putumayo and 100 km in the Amazon and 150 km in length between both rivers is formed. The trapezoidal shape gives the name to this Colombian geographic arm.
The Amazon Trapeze is also the location of the Amacayacu National Park, which contains a great wealth of fauna and flora and one of the main objectives of national and international ecotourism.

## History

The trapeze was originally part of a larger disputed territory between Colombia and Peru, through which the former sought a direct exit towards the Amazon River. During the territorial dispute, the Peruvian government in the town of Leticia established the Colony of Leticia, also known as the Colony of San Antonio, a project through which the area would be inhabited by Peruvian citizens and thus oppose Colombian claims over the territory. The region's current borders came into existence as a result of the Salomón–Lozano Treaty signed between Colombia and Peru in 1922, which established the modern Colombia–Peru border, ending a longstanding dispute that existed since the independence of both states. Local dissatisfaction with the treaty, however, led up to the Colombia–Peru War in 1932, the last conflict between both states.
Once hostilities between both states met a final end, the first arrival of Colombian settlers took place in 1930.

## Human settlement

The Colombian towns of Leticia (capital of the department of Amazonas) and Puerto Nariño, both on the banks of the Amazon River, and the city of Tarapacá on the banks of the Putumayo River, are all in the Trapeze. Also in the region are protected indigenous settlements.
# 1862 in India

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1862 in India.

## Incumbents

* Charles Canning, Viceroy
* James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Viceroy (from 21 March)

## Events

* 2 July – Calcutta High Court is established under the High Courts Act, 1861.
* Fort George in Bombay (now Mumbai) is destroyed

## Law

* Indian Stock Transfer Act (British statute)
* Habeas Corpus Act (British statute)
* Fine Arts Copyright Act (British statute)

## Births

* Binodini Dasi, actress and writer (died 1941).

## Deaths

* 7 November – Bahadur Shah II, the last Mughal emperor, dies in captivity in Rangoon, Burma
# 1862 in France

Events from the year 1862 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Napoleon III

## Events

* 6 January - French, Spanish and British forces arrive in Veracruz, Mexico, beginning the French intervention in Mexico.
* 5 May - Battle of Puebla, victory for the Mexican Army against the French occupational forces.

## Arts and literature

* 3 April - The first two volumes of Les Misérables by Victor Hugo is published.
* 15 May - The remainder of Les Misérables is published.

## Births

* 28 March - Aristide Briand, statesman, Prime Minister and Nobel Peace Prize winner (died 1932)
* 6 April - Georges Darien, writer (died 1921)
* 22 August - Claude Debussy, composer (died 1918)
* 19 October - Auguste Lumière, filmmaker (died 1954)
* 7 December - Paul Adam, novelist (died 1920)
* 8 December - Georges Feydeau, playwright (died 1921)

## Deaths

* 11 January - Jean Philibert Damiron, philosopher (born 1794)
* 7 February - Prosper Ménière, scientist (born 1799)
* 11 February - Jules Lequier, philosopher (born 1814)
* 17 March - Fromental Halévy, composer (born 1799)
* 9 April - Charles Deval, ophthalmologist (born 1806)
* 18 June - Jean-Baptiste Pallegoix, vicar apostolic of Eastern Siam (born 1805)
* 5 July - Étienne-Denis Pasquier, statesman (born 1767)
* September - Mathieu-Richard-Auguste Henrion, magistrate, historian and journalist (born 1805)

### Full date unknown

* Louis Alfred Becquerel, physicist and medical researcher (born 1814)
* Antoine Fauchery, photographer (born 1823)
* Louis Petitot, sculptor (born 1794)
# 1888 in China

Events in the year 1888 in China.

## Incumbents

* Guangxu Emperor (14th year)
** Regent: Empress Dowager Cixi

### Viceroys

* Viceroy of Zhili — Li Hongzhang
* Viceroy of Min-Zhe — Yang Changjun then Bian Baodi
* Viceroy of Huguang — Yulu
* Viceroy of Shaan-Gan — Tan Zhonglin then Yang Changjun
* Viceroy of Liangguang — Zhang Zhidong
* Viceroy of Yun-Gui — Cen Yuying
* Viceroy of Sichuan — Liu Bingzhang
* Viceroy of Liangjiang — Zeng Guoquan

## Events

* Sikkim expedition, an 1888 British military expedition to expel Tibetan forces from Sikkim in present-day northeast India.
* March 12 — Qing government signed a treaty with the US banning Chinese laborers from entering the US in accordance with the Chinese Exclusion Act
* Lingnan University established in Canton, Kwangtung Province, China (now Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China). It was a private university established by a group of American missionaries in 1888
* October 1 — The Scott Act (1888) signed into law, was a United States law that prohibited Chinese laborers abroad or who planned future travels from returning, met with opposition in China, especially Guangdong

## Births

* Zhan Dabei (1888, Hubei - 1927) was a Chinese revolutionary and politician. He was an anti-Manchu rebel active at the time of the 1911 Revolution
# Echidnophaga myrmecobii

Echidnophaga myrmecobii is a stickfast flea that is native to Australia, and is commonly found on marsupials and rabbits. It is also found on European hares (Lepus europaeus), cats, and dogs.
On rabbits, the flea is most commonly found on the head and body, whereas the related flea, Echidnophaga perilis, is more often found on the feet. E. myrmecobii is a minor vector of myxomatosis between rabbits in Australia.
Adult E. myrmecobii can jump 16.5 cm high.
# Amblyseius paraaerialis

Amblyseius paraaerialis is a species of mite in the family Phytoseiidae.
# Josh Wood

Josh Wood may refer to:
* Josh Wood (rugby league), English rugby league player
* Josh Wood (hairdresser), British hairdresser