OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Afghanica

Afghanica (C. sativa subsp. indica 'Skunk 1' × C. sativa 'Afghani 1'), not to be confused with Afghan Kush, is a hybrid strain of cannabis. Its origination plants were Afghani #1 and so-called "Original" Skunk. Growing up to 1.83 m (6 ft.) tall, it is short and stocky with broad leaves a lush canopy, and dense buds as well. The plant matures over the summer and is ready for harvest in mid-autumn.

## Description

C. afghanica grows up to 1.83 (6 ft.) tall. The leaves are broad, short, and have well-defined veins in them; the leaflets and leaves are both dark green. The plants in maturity have white follicles of hair around them, giving the plant a very striking appearance. The branches are very dense with short internodes and long petioles.

## Flowering and Harvest

The flowering time of Afghanica is 56–63 days and the harvest time is in October. In cooler growing conditions, it may develop red and purple coloration on the leaves. Organic soil produces a sweeter end result, and the plant has a moderately low nutrient requirement. Afghanica is considered "normal" due to its production of both male and female plants.

### Aroma, texture, and flavor

Afghanica plants, when mature will produce a petrol-like odor when their leaves are disturbed to any degree. Buds are dense and oily to the touch. Smaller, coated leaves produce heavy, oily resin. The plants are said to have a bitter, sharp, turbulent smell with a hint of sweetness.

## Taxonomy

Even though the exact date of the first production of this plant is unknown, the Flying Dutchmen breeders were the first to produce the strain. Skunk #1 and Afghani #1 were cross-bred, with the end result being Afghanica.
# Afghanistan's Next Top Model

In 2007, a local TV station in Mazar-I-Sharif, Afghanistan aired a reality television show modeled after the America's Next Top Model. International media took notice and dubbed the show Afghanistan's Next Top Model.
# Aethalops

Aethalops (Meaning: sooty bat) is a genus of megabats in the family Pteropodidae. It contains two species:
* Borneo fruit bat, A. aequalis
* Pygmy fruit bat, A. alecto

## Taxonomy

Aethalops was described as a new genus in 1923 by British mammalogist Oldfield Thomas. Thomas named the genus Aethalodes, though that name was already in use for a genus of beetle. Thomas then suggested the name Aethalops in a subsequent publication to remedy the problem. The type species for the genus was the pygmy fruit bat, Aethalops alecto, which had been collected in Sumatra by Lambertus Johannes Toxopeus.
In 1938, the genus gained its second species, the Borneo fruit bat, A. aequalis. This species was described by American zoologist Glover Morrill Allen. The holotype was collected in 1937 in Mount Kinabalu, Malaysia, which is on the island of Borneo. It was collected by J. Augustus Griswold, Jr. while on the Harvard Primate Expedition led by Harold Jefferson Coolidge Jr.
The genus has been revised over the years, with some authors considering it monotypic, or only containing one species. The Borneo fruit bat has, at times, been considered a synonym of the pygmy fruit bat. As of 2019, the prevailing consensus is that the genus does, in fact, contain two species.

## Description

The two Aethalops species are among the smallest megabats. Individuals weigh approximately 19.3 g (0.68 oz) and have a head and body length of 65–73 mm (2.6–2.9 in). Individuals lack an external tail. Aethalops species' fur color is black or dark gray, and they have small ears.

## Conservation

As of 2016, both species have an IUCN status of least concern.
# Diketopiperazine

A diketopiperazine (DKP), also known as a dioxopiperazine or piperazinedione, is a class of organic compounds related to piperazine but containing two amide linkages. DKP's are the smallest known class of cyclic peptide. Despite their name, they are not ketones, but amides. Three regioisomers are possible, differing in the locations of the carbonyl groups.
* One isomer is an oxamide obtained from ethylenediamine.
* 2,5-Diketopiperazines are cyclodipeptides often obtainable via condensation of two α-amino acids.
* 2,6-Diketopiperazines may be viewed as cyclized imide derivatives derived from iminodiacetic acids.
Of these three isomeric diketopiperazines, the 2,5-derivatives have attracted the greatest interest. Due to their appearance in biologically active natural products, medicinal chemists have been inspired to use DKPs to circumvent the poor physical and metabolic properties of peptides in the course of drug discovery.

## Natural sources

DKPs are synthesized by a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, more complex marine microorganisms, and even mammals. However, 90% of gram-negative bacteria synthesize these molecules, making them the target of most studies.

## Biological activity

DKPs have been shown to inhibit the activities of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and potentially protozoa, as well as exhibit antitumor and antiprion properties. The molecule glionitrin, for instance, proved to be very effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), in addition to four different human cancer cell lines in vitro. As antivirals, however, DPKs appear to have a poor outlook when compared to those already on the market.
Despite the great potential for diversity in this class of molecules, natural DPKs containing proline are significantly overrepresented among those known to be biologically active. There also appears to be some bias with regards to stereochemistry, as DD-stereoisomers tend to display stronger antibiotic capabilities.
# Aenghus Ua hAenghusa

Aenghus Ua hAenghusa was Archdeacon of Drumcliffe. He died in 1029.
According to the Annals of the Four Masters, under the year 1029:
   Aodh Ua Ruairc, tigherna Dartraighe, & tigherna Coirpre & Aengus ua h-Aenghusa, airchinneach Droma Cliabh & trí fichet duine do losccadh imaille friu i n-Inis na Lainde h-i c-Coirpre Móir./Aedh Ua Ruairc, lord of Dartraighe; and the lord of Cairbre; and Aenghus Ua hAenghusa, airchinneach of Druim-cliabh; and three score persons along with them, were burned in Inis-na-lainne, in Cairbre-mor.
# Aenetus scripta

Aenetus scripta is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is endemic to south-western Australia.
The wingspan is about 80 mm. The hindwings are blue in males and yellow in females.
# Didi Petet

Didi Petet (July 12, 1956 – May 15, 2015), born Didi Widiatmoko, was an Indonesian actor and film director best known for starring as Emon in the Catatan Si Boy series of films in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

## Death

Didi Petet died on May 15, 2015, at approximately 03:00. His death was caused by stomach acid after he carry out Tahajjud prayer.

## Filmography

* Catatan Si Boy (1987) ... Emon
* Catatan Si Boy 2 (1988) ... Emon
* Bayar Tapi Nyicil (1988) ... Emon
* Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta (1989)
* Joe Turun ke Desa (1989) ... Joe
* Rebo & Robby (1990)
* Catatan Si Boy 3 (1990) ... Emon
* Si Kabayan dan Anak Jin (1991)
* Gema Kampus 66 (1991)
* Catatan Si Emon (1991) ... Emon
* Catatan Si Boy 5 (1991) ... Emon
* Asmara (1992)
* Si Kabayan Mencari Jodoh (1994) ... Kabayan
* Petualangan Sherina (2000) ... Ardiwilaga
* Pasir Berbisik (2001) ... Suwito
* Eiffel I'm in Love (2003)
* Rindu Kami Padamu (2004) ... Pak Guru
* Tentang Dia (2005) ... Pak Dibyo
* Banyu Biru (2005) ... Wahyu
* Apa Artinya Cinta (2005) ... Om Sudiro
* D'Girlz Begins (2006)
* Kamulah Satu-Satunya (2007)
* Di Bawah Lindungan Ka'bah (2011)
* Preman Pensiun (2015) - RCTI

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Recipients | Result |
| 1988 | Indonesian Film Festival | Citra Award for Best Supporting Actor | Cinta Anak Jaman | Won |
| 1990 | Indonesian Film Festival | Citra Award for Best Leading Actor | Joe Turun ke Desa | Nominated |
| 1991 | Indonesian Film Festival | Citra Award for Best Leading Actor | Boneka dari Indiana | Nominated |
| 2005 | MTV Indonesia Movie Awards | Most Favorite Supporting Actor | Banyu Biru | Nominated |
| 2013 | Indonesian Film Festival | Citra Award for Best Supporting Actor | Madre | Nominated |
| 2013 | Maya Award | Best Actor in a Supporting Role | Madre | Nominated |
# Diego Gómez de Lamadrid

Diego Gómez de Lamadrid, O.SS.T. (1529 – August 15, 1601) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Badajoz (1578–1601) and then second Archbishop of Lima (1577–1578).

## Biography

Diego Gómez de Lamadrid was born in Potes Spain and ordained a priest in then Trinitarian Order. On March 27, 1577, Pope Gregory XIII, appointed him then second Archbishop of Lima replacing Jerónimo de Loayza. On June 13, 1577, Pope Gregory XIII, appointed him as Archbishop (personal title) of then Diocese of Badajoz where he served until his death on August 15, 1601. His successor in Lima was Saint Turibius de Mogrovejo.
# Affluenza (disambiguation)

Affluenza is a term used by critics of consumerism.
Affluenza may also refer to:
* Affluenza: The All-Consuming Epidemic, 2001 book by John de Graaf
* Affluenza: When Too Much is Never Enough, 2005 book written by Clive Hamilton and Richard Denniss
* Affluenza, 2007 book by Oliver James
* Affluenza (film), 2014 American drama film
* "Affluenza", song by Conan Gray from the 2020 album Kid Krow
* "Affluenza", song by Theory of a Deadman from their 2020 album Say Nothing
# Afonso V of Kongo

Afonso V of the Congo (Ndo Mfunsu V in Kikongo and Afonso V in Portuguese) was a Kinlaza manikongo of the Kingdom of Kongo from 1785 to 1787.
He succeeded to his brother José I of Kongo without any struggle in April 1785 and was part of the southern faction of the Kanda Kinzala based in Nkondo. He was a king known for his piety and took the pompous title of the powerful Dom Alfonso V, King of Congo, ruler of part of Ethiopia in his letters. It is possible he was poisoned by his successor in order to seize the throne. His sudden death caused a period of turmoil within the nation that would not end until Henrique II took the throne.
# Differentiation therapy

Differentiation therapy is a method to treating advanced cancers in which malignant cells are encouraged to differentiate into more mature forms using pharmacological agents. The basis of the therapy stems from the tendency of malignant tumor cells to assume a less specialized, stem cell-like dedifferentiated state.

## Leukemia

The approach was motivated by noticing that leukemia cells fail to differentiate and fully mature.
By 2001 encouraging clinical results were seen.
The first differentiation agent found to be successful was all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

## Other cancers

The process of cancer spreading (metastasis) involves tumour cells undergoing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to invade and spread, followed by a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) at remote sites.
Other agents investigated (pre-clinically) to encourage MET include cholera toxin (CTx) and forskolin (Fsk).
# After Henry

After Henry may refer to:
* After Henry (radio series), a BBC Radio 4 situation comedy by Simon Brett
* After Henry (TV series), a Thames Television situation comedy, based on the radio series
* After Henry (book), a book of essays by Joan Didion
# Africa Women's Amateur Invitational

The Africa Women's Amateur Invitational is an annual amateur golf tournament run by The R&A, organizers of The Open Championship. It was first played in 2024.
Kyra van Kan of South Africa won the inaugural tournament wire-to-wire, and earned places in The Women's Amateur Championship, final qualifying for the AIG Women's Open and the Investec South African Women's Open in 2024, and the Lalla Meryem Cup and Magical Kenya Ladies Open in 2025.

## Winners

| Year | Player | Score | Margin of victory | Runner-up | Venue | Location | Ref |
| 2024 | Kyra van Kan | 215 (−1) | 9 strokes | Bobbi Brown | Leopard Creek GC | Malalane, South Africa | |
# Dikanda Diba

Dikanda Diba (born 10 October 1966) is a Congolese long-distance runner. She competed in the women's 3000 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Dimosthenis Dogkas

Dimosthenis Dogkas (Greek: Δημοσθένης Δόγκας, died October 25, 1905) was a Greek politician from Elis. He was born in Latzoi (Λατζόι; now part of Pyrgos municipality) near Karatoula and was descended from a political family. His father was a mayor of the municipality of Oleni and his sister was the wife of Sotirios Krekoukiotis.
He was elected mayor of Oleni in 1875, Olympia in 1881 and again for Oleni in 1887. He was elected for the Greek parliament as a representative of Elis for the first time in 1881, and was re-elected in 1895 and 1902. He supported the Trikoupis government. He died on October 25, 1905, in Krekouki.
# Diodora mirifica

Diodora mirifica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets.
# After Armageddon

After Armageddon is a 2010 History docudrama about the travails of survivors after a deadly global pandemic that first aired on January 6, 2010.

## Plot

The plot centers around the Johnson family (consisting of Chris (Rob Hartz) and Ellen (Kathleen Cameron) Johnson, and their son Casey (Hy Rillero)) of Los Angeles, California, one of a small number of families to survive a global pandemic that, according to the opening of the film, occurs "sometime in the future..." The disease began as a particularly virulent flu strain in Southeast Asia. Efforts made to contain the virus in that portion of the world are ineffective as global transportation networks carry infected individuals all around the world. Hospitals become overloaded, and the public works infrastructure begins to shut down. Eventually, the main characters leave L.A., encountering many hardships along the way. They make it to a friendly small town, where life begins again.
Interspersed with the above are interviews with various experts giving their perspective on what is most likely to occur in a global pandemic scenario.

## Cast

* Rob Hartz as Chris Johnson
* Kathleen Cameron as Ellen Johnson
* Hy Rillero as Casey Johnson
# Agnam Civol (arrondissement)

Agnam Civol is an arrondissement of Matam in Matam Region in Senegal.
# African keeled mud turtle

The African keeled mud turtle (Pelusios carinatus) is a species of turtle in the family Pelomedusidae. It is endemic to central Africa : the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.
# African language

African language may refer to:
* languages of Africa
* African Romance language
* Afrikaans language
# Diphyllarium

Diphyllarium is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It contains a single species, Diphyllarium mekongense, a shrub native to Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. It belongs to subfamily Faboideae.
# Agasanal

Agasanal is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Indi taluk of Bijapur district in Karnataka.
This village has two temples, Madrashab Temple and Mallikarjun Temple.
Agasanal is around 27 km north of the city of Bijapur and also near the village of Horti.
# Agasanahalli (Jagalur)

Agasanahalli is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Jagalur taluk of Davanagere district.
# Africoseius

Africoseius is a genus of mites in the family Ascidae.

## Species

* Africoseius areolatus Krantz, 1962
# Agelanthus microphyllus

Agelanthus microphyllus is a species of hemiparasitic plant in the family Loranthaceae, which is native to Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania.

## Description

A description of the plant is given in Govaerts et al., based on Polhill & Wiens (1999).

## Habitat/ecology

A. microphyllus grows on Acacia species in deciduous bushland, and is an extremely scattered and uncommon species.

## Threats

The main threat is habitat conversion to agriculture, in particular, to maize plantations.
# Agloolik

In Inuit mythology, Agloolik (Inuktitut: ᐊᒡᓗᓕᒃ) is a spirit that lives underneath the ice and acts as tutelary guardian for the protection of seals. It is said to provide aid to fishermen and hunters. If hunters prayed to the spirit before fishing, Agloolik will bless the hunters with prey.

## Sources

* ↑ Spirits, Fairies, Gnomes And, Goblins: An Encyclopedia of the Little People, page 5
* ↑ A Wiccan Bible: Exploring the Mysteries of the Craft from Birth to Summerland by A. J. Drew
* ↑ Murder by the Grace of God: The Cia and Pope John Paul I by Lucien Gregoire
* ↑ "Agloolik". Nightbringer.se. Veronica.
* This article relating to a myth or legend from North America is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Against Eratosthenes

"Against Eratosthenes" is a speech by Lysias, one of the ten Attic orators. In the speech, Lysias accuses Eratosthenes, a member of the Thirty Tyrants who ruled Athens following the Peloponnesian War, of the murder of his brother, Polemarchus (around 403 BCE).

## Overview

Lysias's career as a speech writer, or logographer, was interrupted by the occupation of the Thirty Tyrants, an oligarchic junta placed in power by the Spartans following their victory against Athens in the Peloponnesian War, which ended in 404 BCE. Lysias, along with a small group of fellow metics, including his brother, Polemarchus, were arrested by the pro-Spartan regime on charges of general hostility and resistance to the Thirty Tyrants. According to Lysias, the group was arrested on trumped up charges just so the Thirty Tyrants could have a reason to confiscate their substantial wealth and property. The subsequent execution of Polemarchus is one of the subjects of the speech. Eratosthenes was a member of the Thirty Tyrants who oversaw the arrest of Lysias, Polemarchus, and their fellow metics. The speech was written following the collapse of the oligarchy and the restoration of democracy in Athens in 403 BCE.

## Lysias's speech

Lysias is both the author and the speaker in the speech, which is considered to be among the most famous of his works. Upon the restoration of democracy in Athens, a general amnesty was granted to protect the former members of the oligarchy. This amnesty meant that the officials of the oligarchic government were protected from prosecution from acts they committed before the democratic government was restored except in cases where they personally committed a murder. The members of the Thirty Tyrants were not granted amnesty until they successfully defended themselves at their euthunai, a process in which government officials account for their actions that took place during their terms.
It is unclear whether this speech was delivered at Eratosthenes's euthunai, at a separate homicide trial, or at all. Regardless of when or in what form the speech took place, Lysias's argument consists of two distinct sections: a general attack on Eratosthenes and the other members of the Thirty Tyrants pointing out their collective corruption before and after the pro-Spartan regime was installed and a cross-examination of Eratosthenes himself. Eratosthenes maintained that he was simply following the orders of his superiors and that he personally did not command much authority.

## Uncertain outcome

Unfortunately, no evidence exists for the outcome of the trial, or, again, for whether the speech was ever actually delivered. As a non-citizen, Lysias would not have been able to deliver the speech himself in court. Some scholars believe that Lysias wrote the speech hypothetically and circulated it in a pamphlet just to voice his opinions on the matter.
It is also suggested, however, that Lysias was granted citizenship by the democracy for a period after the 30 were expelled, in which case he could have delivered his own speech in the court.
# Discinidae

Discinidae is a family in the brachiopod superfamily Discinoidea. Unlike most brachiopods, which have uniformly calcitic or phosphatic shells, modern-day discinids incorporate tablets of silica into their valves. These are covered with vesicles into which the siliceous tablets are cemented, much like a closely packed mosaic, and held together with apatite. These vesicles eventually degrade, but nevertheless still leave an imprint on the shell itself. It has been suggested that this siliceous biomineralisation might also have occurred amongst some of the earliest Paleozoic brachiopods because similar patterns of shell imprints have been observed amongst them too.
# Diondion

Diondion is a communal section of the Jean-Rabel commune, in the Môle-Saint-Nicolas Arrondissement, in the Nord-Ouest department.
# Agricultural Act of 1948

The Agricultural Act of 1948 (Pub.L. 80-897, 62 Stat. 1247) was enacted by the United States Congress and signed into law by President Harry S. Truman on July 3, 1948. The legislation revised and authorized several aspects of U.S. agricultural policy and agricultural subsidies.

## Summary

The Agricultural Act of 1948 enacted several agricultural policy reforms, including mandatory price supports for basic commodities at 90% of parity. It also mandated that in 1950, parity would begin to incorporate price averages of the previous ten years and the 1910-14 base period. The legislation also amended several provisions of the previously passed Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (Pub.L. 75-430, 52 Stat. 31), including price support and marketing quotas for corn, wheat, cotton, rice and tobacco. Title I of the law, which pertained to price stabilization, took effect immediately while Title II, which amended the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, and Title III, which contained various miscellaneous provisions, both took effect on January 1, 1950.
# Dinogamasus

Dinogamasus is a genus of mites in the family Laelapidae. Most species are associated with carpenter bees in the genus Xylocopa and are found in their acarinarium.

## Species

* Dinogamasus acutus LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus affinis (Berlese, 1918)
* Dinogamasus albulus Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus alfkeni (Oudemans, 1902)
* Dinogamasus amaniensis (Vitzthum, 1919)
* Dinogamasus assimiensis Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus bakeri LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus bequaerti LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus braunsi (Vitzthum, 1914)
* Dinogamasus brevihirtus LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus brevipes LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus collarti (Oudemans, 1929)
* Dinogamasus concinnus LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus crassipes Kramer, 1898
* Dinogamasus heteraspis LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus inflatus LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus jacobsoni (Berlese, 1910)
* Dinogamasus kerrianus LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus kordofaniensis Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus levequae Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus macgregori LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus maxima (Vitzthum, 1919)
* Dinogamasus medini Cunliffe, 1959
* Dinogamasus minor Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus northolmensis Loots, 1980
* Dinogamasus occidentalis Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus octoconus LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus oudemansi LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus parvus LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus perkinsi (Oudemans, 1901)
* Dinogamasus philippinensis LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus piperi LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus productus LeVeque, 1930
* Dinogamasus ramaleyi LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus schoutedeni (Oudemans, 1929)
* Dinogamasus similis LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus sjoestedti (Trägårdh, 1904)
* Dinogamasus sternisetosa (Vitzthum, 1930)
* Dinogamasus tonkinensis Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus tortivus Lundqvist, 1998
* Dinogamasus trihirtus LeVeque, 1931
* Dinogamasus villosior (Berlese, 1918)
* Dinogamasus vitzthumi (Oudemans, 1926)
# Diospyros evena

Diospyros evena is a tree in the family Ebenaceae. It grows up to 25 metres (80 ft) tall. Twigs dry to black. Inflorescences bear a solitary flower. The fruits are oblong, up to 2.3 cm (1 in) long. The specific epithet evena is from the Latin meaning 'without veins', referring to the leaf's invisible veins. Habitat is freshwater swamp forests. D. evena is found in Sumatra and Borneo.