OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cork Savings Bank

Cork Savings Bank is a nineteenth century neoclassical building on Lapp's Quay in Cork city, Ireland. A purpose-built bank, it was completed in 1842 and is currently in use by University College Cork as their so-called "Centre for Executive Education".

## History

Cork Savings Bank, as an institution, was founded in 1817, following the passing of a law legalising the establishment of savings banks in the UK and Ireland. Originally based in the Royal Cork Institution, in 1824 the bank acquired their first building, which was located on what is now Oliver Plunkett Street, on the site of the present general post office. The winning application for the design of the current building was submitted in November 1839 by Thomas and Kearns Deane, beating out applications from other architects, including Henry Hill. Following its completion in 1842, the Cork Savings Bank moved into the new building, located on 1 Lapp's Quay, on 20 August 1842.
In 1950, renovations to the building were carried out to the designs of Henry Houghton Hill.
In 1986, Cork Savings Bank merged with Limerick Savings Bank, forming the Cork and Limerick Savings Bank. In 1992, Cork and Limerick Savings Bank further merged with TSB Dublin, forming the Trustee Savings Bank. In 2001, the Trustee Savings Bank joined the Irish Life & Permanent Group, who at that point rebranded as Permanent TSB. The branch in 1 Lapp's Quay was closed in 2012.
The building was acquired by Cork City Council on 2 October 2014. Originally intended for use as a civic amenity, in 2016 it was sold to University College Cork, who in December 2018 opened the building as their business school’s "Centre for Executive Education". In 2019, the building was awarded the CBA Better Building Award for Best in Conservation.

## Architecture

The building is in the neoclassical style, and is built of ashlar limestone.
A statue of William Crawford, made by John Hogan, was installed in 1843. Originally located in the main banking hall, it is now located in the Crawford Art Gallery.

## In culture

Cork Savings Bank is depicted in an 1842 watercolour of the same name by James Mahoney.
# Corybas limpidus

Corybas limpidus, commonly known as the crystal helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to Western Australia. It has round or heart-shaped leaf and a translucent greenish flower with dark red or burgundy-coloured spots and blotches. The edges of the labellum have a few short, blunt teeth.

## Description

Corybas limpidus is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with a single thin, round or broad heart-shaped leaf 20–35 mm (0.8–1 in) long and wide. The leaf is green on the upper surface and silvery green on the lower side. There is a single erect, translucent green flower with dark red spots and blotches, 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long and 7–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide. The dorsal sepal is burgundy-coloured, 16–18 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and curves forward over the labellum. The lateral sepals are green, about 5 mm (0.2 in) long, 0.5 mm (0.02 in) wide, joined at their bases and taper to a fine tip. The petals are about 3 mm (0.1 in) long, 0.5 mm (0.02 in) wide and taper to a thread-like tip. The labellum is longer than the dorsal sepal, 8–11 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide with a greenish mound in the centre. The edges of the labellum have a few short, blunt teeth. Flowering occurs in August and September.

## Taxonomy

Corybas limpidus was first formally described in 1991 by David Jones, in Australian Orchid Research, based on specimens collected near Albany in 1986. The specific epithet (limpidus) is a Latin word meaning "clear", "transparent" or "pure", referring to the dorsal sepal and part of the labellum.
In 2002, David Jones and Mark Clements proposed splitting Corybas into smaller genera and placing this species into Corysanthes but the change has not been widely accepted.

## Distribution and habitat

The crystal helmet orchid grows under dense shrubs between sand dunes in coastal areas from Esperance to Walpole in the Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Warren biogeographic regions.

## Conservation

Corybas limpidus is classified as "Priority Four" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife, meaning that is rare or near threatened.
# Cornelius Franciscus Nelis

Cornelius Franciscus Nelis (1736—1798) was the last bishop of Antwerp before the suppression of the diocese during the French period.

## Life

Nelis was born in Mechelen on 5 June 1736, the son of Cornelis Nelis, advocate of the Great Council of Mechelen. He was educated at the Oratorian College in Mechelen and at the University of Leuven, where he graduated Bachelor of Arts as the first of his year on 27 October 1753. He pursued further studies in theology, graduating Licentiate in Theology on 6 May 1760. In the meantime, he had been appointed director of Leuven University's Mechlin College in 1757 and university librarian in 1758. He played an important role in the creation of Leuven's University Press in 1759.
On 17 July 1765 Nelis was appointed a prebendary of Tournai Cathedral, resigning as university librarian on 26 November 1768 after numerous complaints that he was no longer fulfilling his obligations. In 1777 he was appointed to the Commission Royale des études advising the government on educational reform.
In 1777 Nelis was a candidate for appointment as bishop of Bruges, but was ultimately not chosen for the diocese. He was nominated as bishop of Antwerp on 15 February 1785, his appointment was confirmed by Pope Pius VI on 25 April, and he was consecrated on 5 June. Although initially a supporter of Emperor Joseph II's reform programme, he gradually came under suspicion of inspiring resistance to radical change, and on 26 October 1788 his arrest was ordered and he went into hiding.
After the creation of the United States of Belgium in January 1790, Nelis was appointed president of the States General. He worked hard to maintain agreement between the provinces adhering to the union. After the collapse of the union in December 1790, he eventually came to support the claim of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, to rule in the Low Countries.
During the French Revolutionary War in the Low Countries Nelis sought refuge first in the Netherlands and then in Germany, eventually making his way to Italy in 1795. He died at the Camaldolese religious community in Florence on 21 August 1798.
After his death his library was auctioned off in the Low Countries, with many of the items of historical value being bought by Charles van Hulthem, whose collection was an important acquisition of the later Royal Library of Belgium.

## Publications

* Fragmens sur les principes du vrai bonheur. Discours de Lysimaque. Leuven, 1763
* Alexis, fragment d'instruction d'un prince. Leuven, 1765
* Oratio in funere Francìsci I, imp. Cas. Aug. habita in basilica SS. Michaelis & Gudulæ. Leuven, 1765
* Oraison funèbre de Marie-Thérèse. Brussels, 1781
* L'Aveugle de la montagne, entretiens philosophiques. 2 vols, 1789-1793
* Regels ende manieren van leven voor de nonnen en gesuprimeerde persoenen in de wereld.
* Belgicarum rerum prodromus, sive de historia belgica ejusque scriptoribus præcipuis commentario. Antwerp, 1790
# Cornelius Fryer

Cornelius Willoughby Hudleston Fryer (12 February 1834 – 27 April 1874) was an English first-class cricketer and barrister.
The son of Lieutenant-Colonel George Fryer, he was born at Rugby in February 1834, and where he was educated at Rugby School. From Rugby he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, he played first-class cricket for Cambridge University Cricket Club from 1854 to 1856, making four appearances. He scored 21 runs in his four matches, in addition to taking 6 wickets from 12 balls bowled, a wicket every 2 balls. Having appeared in The University Match against Oxford University at Lord's in 1854, Fryer gained a cricket blue.
After graduating from Cambridge he became a barrister as a member of the Inner Temple, being called to the bar in 1866. He lived at Bath and died in April 1874 at Andoversford, Gloucestershire.
# Joplin (surname)

Joplin is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Frank Joplin (1894–1984), New Zealand cricketer
* Germaine Joplin (1903–1989), Australian geologist
* Janis Joplin (1943–1970), American singer-songwriter
* Josh Joplin, American singer-songwriter
* Larry Joplin (born 1946), American judge
* Scott Joplin (c. 1867–1917), American ragtime composer
* Stan Joplin (born 1957), American basketball coach
* Thomas Joplin (c. 1790–1847), English timber merchant and banker

## Fictional characters

* Trudy Joplin, character in television series Miami Vice
* Piero Joplin, natural philosopher in the 2012 video game Dishonored
# Jorma Paukku

Jorma Paukku (20 May 1945 – 1 May 2016) was a Finnish diplomat and a foreign affairs counselor.
Paukku was born in Pielisjärvi. He was a Finnish ambassador from 2002 to 2007 to Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and was also accredited as Ambassador to Zambia, Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He died in Espoo aged 70.
# Joseph Clarke School

The Joseph Clarke School is a school for pupils with visual impairment and additional or complex needs in Highams Park, North London.
# Cosmos Mercury

The Cosmos Mercury was a fourteen-cylinder twin-row air-cooled radial aeroengine. Designed by Roy Fedden of Cosmos Engineering, it was built in the United Kingdom in 1917. It produced 347 horsepower (259 kW). It did not enter production; a large order was cancelled due to the Armistice.

## Design and development

Built at Bristol by Brazil-Straker under the direction of Roy Fedden, the Mercury featured an unusual crankshaft and connecting rod arrangement that dispensed with the more normal design of a single master rod linking to individual rods for each cylinder. It was said to run well without vibration and set an unofficial time to climb record while fitted to a Bristol 21A Scout F.1, the aircraft achieving 10,000 ft (3,000 m) in 5.4 minutes and 20,000 ft (6,000 m) in 16.25 minutes.
An Admiralty order for 200 engines was placed in 1917 but was later cancelled by Lord Weir due to the end of World War I, it is also stated that Lord Weir had a preference for the ABC Dragonfly.
The name was re-used by Fedden for the later nine-cylinder Bristol Mercury radial engine.

## Applications

* Bristol Scout F

## Specifications (Mercury)

Data from Lumsden.

### General characteristics

* Type: 14-cylinder air-cooled two-row radial engine
* Bore: 4.375 in (111 mm)
* Stroke: 5.8 in (147.6 mm)
* Displacement: 1,223 cu in (20 L)

### Components

* Valvetrain: 2 valves per cylinder, poppet valve
* Fuel type: Petrol
* Cooling system: Air-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 347 hp (259 kW) at 2,000 rpm at sea level
* Compression ratio: 5.3:1
# Couch's Mill

Couch's Mill is a small hamlet in east Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the parish of Boconnoc, a large private estate that borders the hamlet to the north.

## Location

Couch's Mill lies roughly 4 miles (6.4 km) from the centre of the nearest town, Lostwithiel, and about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from the nearby village Lerryn.

## Name

The true format in which to write the name seems not to have been decided. Even local signposts vary. The three different ways commonly found of writing the name of the hamlet are Couchs Mill, Couch's Mill and Couches Mill. These are all deemed correct, although the last variation is less commonly found, and generally less accepted.
The actor Nigel Havers discovered in the programme "Who Do You Think You Are?", broadcast in 2013, that he is descended from the Couch family who operated the mill in the 19th century.
# Costantino De Giacomo

Costantino De Giacomo Graduated with honors in Medicine and Surgery at the University of Pavia in 1980.
He received the following specializations: Pediatrics (University of Pavia, 1984) and Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy (University of Pavia, 1988).
From 2002 to 2004 he was Vice President of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Pediatric (SIGENP).
As part of the Pediatric Gastroenterology main field of interest was the study of upper gastrointestinal ulcer disease. He is the author of over 250 publications, covering the clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic approaches gastroduodenitis and peptic ulcer, with special emphasis on the role of Helicobacter pylori. Other fields of study were chronic hepatitis, malabsorption syndromes and among these, the allergy to cow's milk protein and gluten-sensitive enteropathy, the gastroesophageal reflux disease and inflammatory bowel diseases.

## Publications

De Giacomo, Costantino (1999). Gastroenterologia, epatologia e nutrizione. Utet Division Scienze Mediche. p. 242. ISBN 9788879331449.
# Costantino D'Orazio

Costantino D'Orazio (born 1974 in Rome) is an Italian art critic and curator. Director of GNU (Umbria's National Gallery) in Perugia/Italy.

## Expositions

D'Orazio worked on many exhibitions and artistic installations, including:
* Mario Merz. Un segno nel Foro di Cesare (Rome, 2003)
* Mimmo Paladino a Villa Pisani (Villa Pisani, Stra, 2008)
* Intorno a Borromini (Rome, 2009)
* Speranze & Dubbi. Arte giovane tra Italia e Libano (Beirut, 2008 and Torino, 2009)
* I Classici del Contemporaneo (Villa Pisani, Stra, 2009)
* Oliviero Rainaldi – Tutto Scorre (Villa Pisani, Stra, 2011).
# Costantino Corti

Costantino Corti (1823/1824–1873) was a Milanese sculptor who exhibited at Brera and in Florence, London, and Paris. Corti was most noted for his colossal statue Lucifer. He also produced statues commemorating Federico Borromeo, Conrad of Swabia, and the astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi.

## Works

Corti's marble Lucifer (sometimes titled as Satan) was commissioned by the Count d'Aquila, brother of the former king of Naples. At the end of the 19th century, a traveler and amateur critic offered this assessment of the work:
   Corti makes no vulgar Satan with horns, hoofs, and tail, the superlatively ugly monster of medievalism, but a veritable fallen Son of the Morning; majestic in form, strong of limb, determined of will, supernal in figure, but sinister of aspect: a being enveloped in doubt, despair, and guilt; sufficiently attractive in mien to cast a spell over men or draw their sinful yearnings toward his by force of congenial sympathy.
Lucifer was reviewed by Francesco dall' Ongaro at rhapsodic length as a worthy representation of the Satanic ideal shared in the literary works of John Milton or Lord Byron. Dall' Ongaro found the figure "androgynous," in keeping with the theological view that gender came into existence only with the creation of human beings and was not a characteristic of angels. The sculpture received notice for its "extraordinary vigor."
Corti's monument to Cardinal Borromeo was commissioned in 1861 for the plaza of the Biblioteca Ambrosiana. The statue was completed in 1864, and dedicated the following year. The statue of Giuseppe Piazzi, dedicated in 1871, is located in the main plaza of Ponte in Valtellina, the astronomer's birthplace.

## Sources

* Clement, Clara Erskine, and Laurence Hutton. Artists of the Nineteenth Century and Their Works: A Handbook. Houghton, Mifflin, 1889, 5th ed., vol. 1, p. 162 online.
* Corna, Andrea. Dizionario della storia dell'arte in Italia. C. & C. Tarantola, 1915, p. 196.
* Thieme, Ulrich. Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Leipzig, 1912, vol. 7, p. 485 online.
# Courrier d'Ethiopie

Courrier d'Ethiopie ('Courier of Ethiopia') was a French language weekly newspaper published from Addis Ababa 1913–1936. The first issue came out on August 2, 1913. Courrier d'Ethiopie was the first foreign-language newspaper in Ethiopia. The newspaper was founded by Alexis Desvages, who also served as its editor until 1924. Soon after its foundation the newspaper reached a circulation of around 700. Initially all material in the newspaper was in French (i.e. Roman font), but soon advertisements in Amharic and, later, notices in Amharic began to appear in Courrier d'Ethiopie.
Publication was discontinued 1914–1917, when Desvages was doing military service.
# Joseph Leo Welsh

Joseph Leo Welsh (December 8, 1924 – November 9, 2003) was an American orchestra conductor, oddsmaker, and celebrity turf accountant at the Pimlico Racecourse during the mid twentieth century.

## Early life

Welsh was born to a family of modest means who lived at 318 South Exeter Street in the Little Italy section of Baltimore City. His father traveled extensively, and Welsh was raised predominantly by his mother. His mother hailed from a musical family and was an accomplished pianist. From an early age, Welsh exhibited an exceptional talent for music. Recognizing this talent, his mother contracted with a private tutor from whom Welsh learned to play the trumpet.
His lessons were discontinued at the age of seventeen when he was drafted into the US Army for service in the European theater during World War II. Welsh saw combat under General Patton in the Battle of the Bulge. He was wounded in action and returned to the United States before the end of the war for convalescence. He maintained contact with his comrades in arms for many decades after the war. Welsh remained active in military circles and served as Senior Vice Commander of the Baltimore section of the League of Disabled American Veterans.

## Musical career

Welsh briefly attended law school upon his return from military service. However, finding that a career in law was not his calling, he dropped out of law school to form his own orchestra. He became an orchestral conductor in the tradition of the American Big Band genre, naming his group The Versatilles. The Versatilles were a fixture in the Baltimore ballroom musical scene from the 1950s through the 1970s. Welsh's local fame as a musician earned him a position as trumpeter for the Post Call at the Pimlico Racecourse.

## Pimlico Racecourse

Welsh began working at the Pimlico Racecourse as trumpeter for the Post Call in 1957. He developed a keen interest in all things equestrian and a knack for choosing winning horses. Welsh's unusual ability to pick winning horses did not go unnoticed. He earned numerous celebrity clients as an oddsmaker and turf accountant. Welsh served as private turf accountant to Jackie Gleason, FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, along with various senators and congressmen who frequented the racecourse.
Welsh worked at the Pimlico Racecourse for three decades and developed a reputation for discretion and honesty. His expertise was sought at Laurel Park, Timonium Racecourse, and Prince George's Park on numerous occasions. Welsh was a close friend and colleague of Jimmy the Greek and served as his principle liaison at the Pimlico Racecourse. Welsh correctly predicted the Triple Crown winners in 1973, 1977, and 1978. In 1979, while working at Pimlico, Welsh lost his balance and fell from a high stool. The fall induced a cardiac arrhythmia that forced him to retire.

## Personal life

Welsh married Bessie Tangires, the daughter of a Greek restaurateur. The couple had two sons.
Welsh died in 2003 at the age of seventy-eight due to complications of a stroke. He was buried at the Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, California.
# Cours-la-Reine

The Cours-la-Reine, also spelled Cours la Reine (without hyphens), is a public park and garden promenade located along the River Seine, between the Place de la Concorde and the Place du Canada, in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. It is one of the oldest parks in Paris, created in 1616 by Queen Marie de' Medici. The further extension of the garden between Place du Canada to Place d'Alma is called the Cours Albert Premier.

## History

Queen Marie de' Medici, nostalgic for the gardens of her native Florence, created the Cours-la-Reine not long after she began making the Luxembourg Garden (1612–1630). At the time it was outside of Paris, on the way to Chaillot, through fields and marshes. The Queen built ornamental gates at either end of the kilometer and a half long garden and planted four rows of elm trees, with a wide lane in the middle. It became a popular meeting place for the nobility, where young aristocrats looked for husbands and wives of equal rank.
The garden was rebuilt in 1723, and the banks of the river were walled in 1769. Along with the Avenue des Champs-Élysėes, it formed one of the paths radiating out of the Place de la Concorde, like the three alleys radiating from the Palace of Versailles.
After World War I, the park was divided into two, and the part between Place du Canada and Place d'Alma was renamed Cours Albert Premier, after the King of the Belgians, France's staunch ally during the War.
In 1947 it was used, along with the Grand Palais, to host the 1947 International Exhibition on Urbanism and Housing.

## Description

The Cours la Reine is 6,800 square meters in area, and the Cours Albert Premier occupies 4950 square meters. They are currently planted with long rows of chestnut trees. The park contains several statues. One of King Albert I on horseback by Armand Matial (1938) and another of Simon Bolivar, as well as one by Antoine Bourdelle of the Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz, who was exiled to Paris, and finally an equestrian statue of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette by Paul Wayland Bartlett (1908), which was moved here when the space in front of the Louvre was remodeled.

## In culture

The Cours-la-Reine is the setting for the first scene of Act III of Jules Massenet's Manon.
40 Cours-la-Reine was the home and workshop of Rene Lalique from 1902 until his death in 1945 at the age of 85
# Joseph Roduit

Joseph Roduit (December 17, 1939 – December 17, 2015) was a Roman Catholic priest and abbot.
Roduit was ordained a priest for the Swiss Congregation of Canon Regulars of Saint Maurice of Agaune on September 4, 1965. From 1999 until 2015, Rodult served as abbot of the Saint-Maurice d'Agaune, Switzerland. Roduit retired on March 18, 2015.
# Josep Almudéver Mateu

Josep Eduard Almudéver Mateu (30 July 1919 – 23 May 2021) was a Franco-Spanish volunteer who served during the Spanish Civil War in the International Brigades. He was believed to be the last surviving member of same at the time of his death.

## Biography

Josep Eduard Almudéver Mateu was born in Marseille into a Spanish family and grew up in Casablanca in French Morocco and Alcàsser in Spain. He held both French and Spanish nationality. At the time of the July 1936 coup, he was living with his family in Valencia. Although still a minor, he became a volunteer on the Republican side.
Hiding his age, he joined the Pablo Iglesias Column, which was deployed to the Teruel. After being wounded at the Teruel Front, Almudéver was discovered as underage and sent home to France. He would then use his French citizenship to rejoin the army as a part of the CXXIX International Brigade. When the brigade was disbanded in October 1938, Almudéver chose to return to Spain and continue fighting for the Republicans before eventually being captured in Valencia on the eve of Franco's victory.
Between early 1939 and late 1942, he was a prisoner of the Francoist regime and later served with the Spanish Maquis in north-east Spain. He would continue to support the Maquis until 1947, when he was forced to flee to his brother's home in Pamiers, France. He would live the rest of his life in France, and did not return to Spain until 1965. He remained a committed communist until his death.
He died in Pamiers on 23 May 2021, at the age of 101. At the time of his death, he was the last known survivor of the International Brigades.

## Filmography

* Joseph Almudever, la guerre d'Espagne en héritage. 1ère partie : jusqu'au bout de l'engagement, interview de Jean-Michel Caralp, 53 min, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, France, 2019.
* Joseph Almudever, la guerre d'Espagne en héritage. 2ème partie : résistance à la répression franquiste, d'une guerre à l'autre, interview de Jean-Michel Caralp, 64 min, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, France, 2019.