OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Copeland Park

Copeland Park, also referred to as "The Lumber Yard", is a stadium in La Crosse, Wisconsin, US. It is primarily used for baseball and is the home field of the La Crosse Loggers baseball team. The current stadium was built in 2003, although a substantially smaller baseball diamond existed at the site before the construction of the new ballpark. At the time of its construction, the stadium held approximately 2,000 people. However, the success of the Loggers prompted expansions to the grandstand, bringing the capacity to its current 3,550 people. The field dimensions are 325 ft. to left field, 365 ft. to center, and 315 ft. to right.

## Upgrades

On May 10, 2012, the La Crosse Loggers and University of Wisconsin–La Crosse athletic department announced a partnership to allow for the UW-La Crosse baseball team to play at Copeland Park. In exchange, the venue had upgrades of an artificial turf infield, a videoboard addition to the scoreboard in left field and batting cages. UW-La Crosse began playing at Copeland Park in 2014.

## Notable events

Copeland Park hosted the 2006 Northwoods League All-Star Game on July 12, 2006. The North Division defeated the South Division 3–2 in 11 innings in front of 3,413 fans, the second-largest crowd in the game's history.
# Chelepteryx

Chelepteryx is a genus of moths of the family Anthelidae first described by George Robert Gray in 1835.

## Species

* Chelepteryx chalepteryx Felder, 1874
* Chelepteryx collesi Gray, 1835
# Jack Willie

Jack Willie (born April 15, 1979) is an amateur boxer from Papua New Guinea who won the Oceania Championships 2006, 2007 and 2008 at Junior Flyweight and qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics.
At the 2006 Commonwealth Games he won his first fight, but then lost against eventual winner Japhet Uutoni and was eliminated. At the 2008 Olympics he lost in the first round to Amnat Ruenroeng of Thailand 2:14.
# High definition

High definition or HD may refer to:

## Visual technologies

* Blu-ray Disc, the universal optical High Definition disc format
* HD Photo, former name for the JPEG XR image file format
* HDV, format for recording high-definition video onto magnetic tape
* HiDef, 24 frames-per-second digital video format
* High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), all-digital audio/video interface capable of transmitting uncompressed streams
* High-definition television (HDTV), television signals and apparatus with higher resolution than their contemporary counterparts
** Ultra-high-definition television, a further step in television resolution, but not a successor.
* High-definition video, used in HD broadcasting, digital film, computer HD video file formats, and video games

## Audio technologies

* Dolby TrueHD, lossless audio compression codec
* DTS-HD Master Audio, lossless audio compression codec
* High Definition Compatible Digital, discontinued digital audio optical disc format
* High-definition audio, general marketing term for high fidelity audio products and services
* Intel High Definition Audio, 2004 Intel specification for hardware and associated drivers for Personal computer audio
* Wideband audio, also known as HD voice, is high definition voice quality for telephony audio

## Music

* "Hi-Definition", 2008 single from Lupe Fiasco's The Cool
* High Definition (Joe Morris album), 2008
* High Definition (Shootyz Groove album), 1999
* "High Definition", a single from Waterparks' 2019 album, Fandom

## Other

* High Definition (radio program), 2006 Canadian radio program
* High-definition map, used in autonomous driving
# CIRA

CIRA may refer to:
* Canadian Internet Registration Authority
* Centre d'interprétation et de reconnaissance acoustique of the French Navy (la Marine nationale française)
* Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme (CIRA), library of anarchist material in Lausanne, Switzerland
* Central Illinois Regional Airport, a public airport in McLean County, Illinois
* Centro Italiano Ricerche Aerospaziali, the Italian Aerospace Research Centre
* Certified Insolvency and Restructuring Advisor designated by the Association of Insolvency & Restructuring Advisors of Medford, Oregon, United States.
* Client Initiated Remote Access, a remote access technology from Intel
* Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act, Senate Proposed Legislation, S. 2611
* Continuity Irish Republican Army
* Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University
* Yale University Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS (CIRA)
* CIRA, COSPAR international reference atmosphere, an empirical model of the upper atmosphere
* CIRA-FM, a French language Canadian radio station in Montreal, Quebec
# Charles Winter (Philadelphia cricketer)

Charles Henry Winter (February 17, 1890 – January 25, 1969) was an American cricketer who played 13 first-class matches for the Gentlemen of Philadelphia between 1908 and 1913, and Halifax Cup matches for Frankford Cricket Club.

## Cricket career

Winter made his Halifax Cup debut in 1905, aged 15 for Frankford Cricket Club against Philadelphia Cricket Club. Playing as wicket-keeper, he took two catches in the first-innings of the match. After making two appearances in 1905, he played nine of Frankford's ten Halifax Cup matches in 1906, and was rewarded with a position in the 'All Philadelphia' team to face 'All New York' at the end of the season. He made four stumpings in the match, which finished a draw. He attended the University of Philadelphia, and was a member of the cricket team, touring England in 1907. He returned to England in 1908 as part of the touring Gentlemen of Philadelphia side. He made his first-class debut on this tour against Middlesex. He scored 0 not out and 2, and took a stumping and a catch during the game. He took three stumpings in an innings on three occasions during the tour, against Ireland, Ulster and Durham. On the tour's return, Winter played for his country against Canada. During the following winter of 1908–09, Winter toured with the Gentlemen of Philadelphia once again, travelling to Jamaica to contest six matches.
He played only three of Frankford's eight fixtures in the 1909 Halifax Cup, before representing the Gentlemen against a touring Gentlemen of Ireland side. Winter's first-innings score of 18 not out was his highest first-class total. In 1912 he represented the United States against Canada again, and then over the next year played three matches for the Gentlemen of Philadelphia against the Australians. During the 1913 Halifax Cup, Winter made his first half-century in the competition, scoring 56 against Merion. He scored his second against the same opposition in the following season, improving on his previous total to score 60. Winter was again part of a touring side in England in 1921, travelling with the Philadelphian Pilgrims for twelve matches against various, primarily military, sides. Winter's third half-century, an unbeaten 53 in 1923, was also his third against Merion, once again being scored at Merion's ground. The following season, Winter scored his first half-century against other opposition, making 57 against Philadelphia.
# Canas de Senhorim

Canas de Senhorim is a civil parish in the municipality (concelho) of Nelas, in the central sub-region of Dão-Lafões in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,509, in an area of 25.45 km².

## History

A foral (charter) was issued in April 1196 by King Sancho I, and later confirmed by King Manuel I that granted the region the status of municipality, including its one parish.
Canas de Senhorim was a municipality by the 19th century, when the parish of Carvalhal Redondo was annexed. Eventually, its municipal status was extinguished on 9 December 1852; both the municipality of Canas de Senhorim and Senhorim, were included in the reconstituted municipality of Nelas. Fifteen months later, following the decree, the municipality was no more.
Canas was elevated to the status of vila (town) with the passing of bill 15128, on 21 March 1928, at the same time that the civil parish of Santar received its status.
For a better part of the 20th century, Canas de Senhorim was known for its persistent fight to restore its municipal status. A movement was formed to challenge Nelas's politicians authority, protesting through election boycotts, disruption of the rail service through the main town, and public demonstrations in Lisbon. On 3 July 2003, the national assembly approved motion to restore the regions status, but President Jorge Sampaio vetoed the decree a month later, provoking general outrage.

## Geography

Within the parish are several localities, small hamlets or villages; these include: Caldas da Felgueira, Póvoa de Santo António, Urgeiriça and Vale de Madeiros.
# Belfast Morning News

The Belfast Morning News (from 1882 the Morning News and, for a brief period (1882–83) the Morning News and Examiner) was a daily newspaper in Ireland from 1855 until it merged with the Irish News in August 1892. It was published in Belfast. It was owned by the family of Edmund Dwyer Gray and edited by P.J. Kelly. The writer and advocate for workers' rights Robert Arthur Wilson wrote for the paper under the pen name Barney McGlone. Wilson edited the paper from 1874 until his death in 1875. Digitised copies of the Belfast Morning News, dating back to 1857, are available to search and view at the British Newspaper Archive.
# Copeland Report

The Copeland Report was the result of a United States Congressional investigation of forestry for the purpose of outlining a coordinated plan that would "insure all of the economic and social benefits which can and should be derived from productive forests by fully utilizing the forest land." The investigation was called for by Senator Royal S. Copeland of New York in Senate Resolution 175 (72d Congress, 1st sess., 1932) Earle Clapp, later Chief Forester of the US Forest Service, supervised the report.
The report was finished in April 1933 and was a two-volume, 1,677-page document titled A National Plan for American Forestry which described and evaluated all aspects of forestry from timber, water, range and wildlife to recreation, state aid and fire protection. This report became the blueprint for forestry in President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal and had its beginnings in a senatorial discussion of unemployment, where reforestation might be a source for jobs. Previous reports had given the state of the forests, but without offering a plan for improvement.
In the Copeland Report the main recommendations were: (1) A large extension of public ownership of forest lands, and (2) more intensive management on all forest lands.
# James Thomson Bottomley

James Thomson Bottomley FRS FRSE (10 January 1845 – 18 May 1926) was an Irish-born British physicist.
He is noted for his work on thermal radiation and on his creation of 4-figure logarithm tables, used to convert long multiplication and division calculations to simpler addition and subtraction before the introduction of fast calculators.

## Background

He was born in Fort Breda, County Down in Ireland, on 10 January 1845, the son of William Bottomley JP, a merchant in nearby Belfast. His mother, Anna Thomson, was the sister of William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, a connection which served him well throughout his life.
He was educated at Queens College, Belfast and then Trinity College, Dublin, originally studying natural philosophy and chemistry.

## Career

His first employment was as assistant to scientist Thomas Andrews in Belfast. He then became a Demonstrator at King's College London, first in chemistry and then in physics. In 1870 he became a Demonstrator in Physics at Glasgow University. In 1875 this was retitled the Arnott and Thomson Demonstrator in Experimental Physics, following a bequest from the widow of Neil Arnott.
In 1872 his uncle Lord Kelvin proposed him as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and this was duly accepted. In June 1888 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in London.
On 5 February 1896 Bottomley was involved in the first demonstration of x-rays in Scotland. His uncle, Lord Kelvin, had received papers from Rontgen, but being ill passed them to his nephew, Bottomley, to deal with, also passing special equipment needed for the demonstration. Bottomley engaged Dr John Macintyre an electrical expert at Glasgow Royal Infirmary to make the demonstration.
In 1899, again with his uncle, the Glasgow engineering firm of Kelvin, Bottomley & Baird (K.B.B) was formed, specialising in gauges and meters but also producing loudspeakers and telephones. He became its chairman in 1908. In 1913 it became a Limited Company. He lived at 13 University Gardens, Glasgow, in this period.
He died in Glasgow on 18 May 1926. His grave stands close to the summit of the Western Necropolis in Glasgow.
The company of Kelvin, Bottomley and Baird continued until 1947.

## Family

He married twice: firstly to Annie Elizabeth Heap of Manchester; secondly to Eliza Jennet Blandy, daughter of Charles R Blandy of Madeira.
William Thomson, Lord Kelvin and James Thomson were his uncles.

## Publications

* Dynamics: Theoretical Mechanics. 1877
* "Electrometers by J. T. Bottomley". Science Lectures at South Kensington. Vol. I. London: Macmillan & Company. 1878. pp. 216–248.
* On radiation from dull and bright surfaces. London 1887
* On Thermal Radiation in Absolute Measure. 1888
* Four figure mathematical tables: comprising logarithmic and trigonometrical tables, and tables of squares, square roots, and reciprocals.
# Centre A

49°16′53″N 123°06′17″W﻿ / ﻿49.28139°N 123.10472°W﻿ / 49.28139; -123.10472Centre A (Vancouver International Centre for Contemporary Asian Art) is a non-profit public art gallery in Vancouver committed to the research, production, presentation and interpretation of contemporary Asian art. It is the only public gallery in Canada dedicated to contemporary Asian and Asian Diasporic visual art practices. Founded in 1999 by Hank Bull (Founding Director), Zheng Shengtian and Stephanie Holmquist, the centre has been led by a board of directors with respected members of the community consisting Milton Wong, Joanne Louie Mah, Joe Wai and Anndraya Luui. Over the years, a number of curators and directors contributed to the success of the gallery, such as Sadira Rodrigues, Alice Ming Wai Jim, Makiko Hara, Haema Sivanesan, Tyler Russell, and Henry Heng Lu. Centre A is a registered charity.
Centre A was originally located at 849 Homer Street, near the Vancouver Public Library's central branch. It then moved to 2 West Hastings Street, in the Vancouver's Downtown Eastside. During this time Makiko Hara was Curator. In 2013, under the direction of Haema Sivanesan, Centre A relocated to Chinatown at 229 East Georgia Street. Over the years, the centre has exhibited a number of notable Canadian and international contemporary artists, such as Yoko Ono, Lida Abdul, Abbas Akhavan, Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries, Hajira Waheed, Ali Kazimi, Lani Maestro, Kyohei Sakaguchi, Jim Wong-Chu, and Samson Young. Recently (2017-2018), Centre A moved to its current 3,300 square foot location at the Sun Wah Centre at 268 Keefer Street.

## Reading room and library

The Reading Room and Library at Centre A began in 1999 with contributions from artists, researchers, and curators both locally in Vancouver and internationally. Previous curators at Centre A "have made significant contributions in collecting publications that reflect and engage in conversations concerning contemporary Asian and Asian diasporic art practices, and the artistic relationships between North America and Asia." Centre A's Reading Room also houses the Fraser Finlayson Collection of rare books on Classical Chinese and Japanese Art with publications dating back to the late 19th century.
# Chandrasen Jadon

Chandrasen Jadon is an Indian politician and is Former Member of Parliament from Firozabad parliamentary constituency of Uttar Pradesh. Chandrasen Jadon is from Sirsaganj town in Firozabad born in Jadaun Rajput family.
# CAMK1G (gene)

Calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IG is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAMK1G gene.

## Function

This gene encodes a protein similar to calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase, however, its exact function is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
# Cap-au-Saumon Lighthouse

The Cap-au-Saumon lighthouse is a lighthouse on the St. Lawrence River in Quebec. It is located at Saint-Siméon, in the region of Charlevoix, midway between Port-au-Persil and Port-Saumon.

## Description

Commissioned in 1894, the Cap-au-Saumon lighthouse is an octagonal high tower of 14 metres (46 ft). It is surrounded by several outbuildings, including the lighthouse keeper's house. The lighthouse is perched on an escarpment of 30 metres (98 ft) dominating the river. It is accessible on foot by a path of 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi).

## History

The Carré family has provided three successive caretakers for the Cap-au-Saumon lighthouse:
* Louis-Philippe Carré (1942-1966);
* Edmour Carré, son of Louis-Philippe (1966-1972);
* Neil Carré, son of Louis-Philippe (1972-1982).
The lighthouse remained abandoned for about thirty years before being restored carefully. It is now rented by the week.
# Cleopas Dube

Cleopas Dube (born 29 March 1990) is a Zimbabwean professional footballer who plays as a forward for Uthongathi.

## Career

Dube began his footballing career in Zimbabwe with ZPC Hwange. He left in 2013 to join Highlanders, before being loaned out to Bulawayo Chiefs. In 2014, Dube joined National First Division side Witbank Spurs in South Africa. He made his Spurs and professional career debut on 31 August in a league win against Cape Town All Stars. In his next match for the club, on 14 September, Dube scored his first goal in a defeat to Highlands Park. That was his only goal in 2014–15, but he subsequently scored thirteen in twenty-four in 2015–16. Ahead of 2016–17, Dube joined newly promoted South African Premier Division club Baroka.
Dube scored once in ten appearances before leaving Baroka in January 2017. In February 2017, after leaving Baroka, Dube joined National First Division side Stellenbosch. He made sixteen appearances in all competitions for the club in 2016–17. In July, Dube joined fellow NFD side Royal Eagles. He made his debut against Uthongathi, prior to scoring his first goal in his second match versus Highlands Park; the same opponent he scored his first Spurs goal for. Dube rejoined Witbank Spurs in January 2018. He scored in his first match back, getting a late consolation in a 2–1 defeat to Ubuntu Cape Town on 7 January.
In June 2019, following relegation with Witbank, Dube remained in the National First Division after agreeing terms with Uthongathi.

## Career statistics

    As of 6 July 2020.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Stellenbosch | 2016–17 | National First Division | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Royal Eagles | 2017–18 | National First Division | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Witbank Spurs | 2017–18 | National First Division | 8 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 8 | 2 |
| Witbank Spurs | 2018–19 | National First Division | 23 | 3 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 24 | 3 |
| Witbank Spurs | Total | Total | 31 | 5 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 32 | 5 |
| Uthongathi | 2019–20 | National First Division | 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 11 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 54 | 8 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 0 | 61 | 9 |
* ↑ Appearance(s) in the National First Division play-offs

## Honours
### Highlanders

* Cup of Zimbabwe: 2013
# Coolhull Castle

Coolhull Castle is a late 16th century fortified house and National Monument located in County Wexford, Ireland.

## Location

Coolhull Castle is located in south County Wexford near Bannow Bay, 4.6 km (2.9 mi) southeast of Wellingtonbridge.

## History

There are no historical references to Coolhull Castle although it is known that a John Devereux owned land at Coolhull in 1640.

## Building

Coolhull Castle has a four-storey service tower and three-storey rectangular block (hall house) attached with a hall at first-floor level. Both sections have Irish crenellations. There is a bartizan in the northeast. The tower doorway is protected by a murder-hole. Other features include fireplaces, garderobe and slop stone.
# James T. Cushing

James Thomas Cushing (/ˈkʌʃɪŋ/; 4 February 1937 – 29 March 2002) was an American theoretical physicist and philosopher of science. He was professor of physics as well as professor of philosophy at the University of Notre Dame.

## Life and career

He studied physics in several universities in the US, obtaining his BSc from Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois in 1959, his MSc from Northwestern University in 1960 and his PhD, also in physics, from the University of Iowa in 1963. He then performed research at the University of Iowa, the Imperial College in London and the Argonne National Laboratory, after which he joined the University of Notre Dame, initially as assistant professor from 1966 to 1969, then advancing to associate professor and, from 1978 onwards, as professor of physics. From 1990 to 1993, he additionally was professor of philosophy at the same university.
Cushing's main areas of research were the history and philosophy of 20th century physics and the foundations of quantum theory. He investigated in particular interpretations of quantum mechanics, including the historical reasons for the success of the Copenhagen interpretation over hidden-variable theories or the de Broglie–Bohm theory (causal interpretation of quantum mechanics).
Since 2004, an annual prize is awarded in honor of James T. Cushing to younger scholars for significant work in the history and philosophical foundations of modern physics.

## Publications

James T. Cushing has authored more than 100 scientific articles.

### Books

* James T. Cushing, Philosophical Concepts in Physics: The Historical Relation between Philosophy and Scientific Theories, Cambridge University Press, 1998
* J. T. Cushing, A. Fine, S. Goldstein (eds.), Bohmian Mechanics and Quantum-Theory: An Appraisal, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1996 (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 184)
* James T. Cushing, Quantum Mechanics: Historical Contingency and the Copenhagen Hegemony, The University of Chicago Press, 1994 ISBN 0-226-13202-1 (cloth) ISBN 0-226-13204-8 (paper)
* James T. Cushing, Theory Construction and Selection in Modern Physics: The S Matrix, Cambridge University Press, 1990
* James T. Cushing and Ernan McMullin (eds.), Philosophical Consequences of Quantum Theory, University of Notre Dame Press, 1989
* James T. Cushing, C. F. Delaney and Gary Gutting (eds.), Science and Reality: Recent Work in the Philosophy of Science, University of Notre Dame Press, 1984
* James T. Cushing, Applied Analytical Mathematics for Physical Scientists, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 651 pages (1975)
# Cephaloleia lepida

Cephaloleia lepida is a species of rolled-leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae, first found in Panama.
# Jackson Lawmakers

The Jackson Lawmakers were a Cotton States League minor league baseball team based in Jackson, Mississippi that played during the 1913 season. Managed by Otto Mills, the team finished first in the league's standings. It featured players Rags Faircloth and Alex Malloy.