OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Delft school (painting)

The Delft school is a category of mid-17th-century Dutch Golden Age painting named after the city of its centre, Delft. It is best known for genre painting—images of domestic life, views of households, church interiors, courtyards, squares and the streets of that city. Carel Fabritius and Nicolaes Maes are seen as the originators of these localised specialties in the 1640s that were continued in the 1650s by Pieter de Hooch and Johannes Vermeer. Vermeer is the most well-known these painters today. The architectural interiors of Gerard Houckgeest, Emanuel de Witte and Hendrick Cornelisz. van Vliet are also notable contributions. Besides the genres most closely associated with Delft painters, artists in the city continued to produce still life and history paintings, portraits for patrons and the court, and decorative pieces of art that reflect more general tendencies in Dutch art of the period.
# A People's History of Scotland

A People's History of Scotland is a 2014 book by Chris Bambery.
Written from a far left perspective, the book briefly covers Scottish ancient history, before documenting events from the Middle Ages until 2014, focussing on the struggle of workers and Scottish perspectives on the UK's political parties and sense of national identity.

## Publication

A People's History of Scotland was published in 2014 by Verso Press. It has 374 pages.
It was written by Trotskyist Chris Bambery.

## Synopsis

The book has fifteen chapters before its conclusion. It briefly mentions ancient history before delving into the Middle Ages, documenting the historical urbanisation of Scotland and the role of Scots in British colonisation campaigns. It notes the pattern of a few Scottish urbanites profiting from colonial conquests and sending their earnings to England, rather than benefiting the Scottish people. It notes the rising worker solidarity, from 1880s onwards, comparing the most robust rise of class consciousness with Wales, both more widespread than in England. The book notes the Labour Party leader Ramsay MacDonald's support for austerity measures, costing the party support in Scotland in the 1930s. Bambery writes about the influence of folk music on the Scottish sense of national identity and as a tool to advance pacifism. He also notes the Scottish discomfort with the Communist Party of Britain and the influence of Thatcherite politics, prompting the 1997 Scottish devolution referendum, devolution, and the creation of the Parliament of Scotland. The book notes Scottish "disgust" for the Iraq War amidst wider protests against Tony Blair's "neoliberalism". Bambery describes Scottish National Party opportunism as deceptive, painting the party's politicians as being closer to neoliberalism than they claim. He describes Scottish independence voters as seekers of democracy. The book's conclusion covers the increasing wealth gap in Scotland.

## Critical reception

Paul Buhle, writing in Monthly Review, described the book as "splendid". Seán Damer, of Edinburgh University's School of Social and Political Science, described it as "well-written, well-documented, readable and provocative", crediting the author for telling history from the perspective of working-class Scots. He describes the book as being written from a Marxist perspective.The Herald gave the book a mixed review describing it as good and readable, but also characterising it as campaigning ahead of the 2014 independence referendum scheduled a few months after the book's publication.
# Christian Baudelot

Christian Baudelot (born 9 December 1938 in Paris) is a French sociologist based at the École normale supérieure. Many of his works have been written in collaboration with Roger Establet.

## Works

* (tr. with Pierre Clinquart) Anthropologie by Edward Sapir, 1967.
* (with Roger Establet) L'ecole capitaliste en France, 1971
* (with Roger Establet and Jacques Malemort) La petite bourgeoisie en France, 1974
* (with Roger Establet, Jacques Toiser and P. O Flavigny) Qui travaille pour qui, 1979
* (with Roger Establet) Durkheim et le suicide, 1984
* (with Roger Establet) Le Niveau monte, 1989
* (with Roger Establet) Allez les filles!, 1992
* (with Roger Establet) Maurice Halbwachs: consommation et société, 1994
* (with M. Gollac, Céline Bessière et al) Travailler pour être heureux? le bonheur et le travail en France, 2003
* (with Roger Establet) Suicide: l'envers de notre monde, 2006. Translated into English as Suicide: The Hidden Side of Modernity, 2008
* (ed. with Marie Jaisson) Maurice Halbwachs, sociologue retrouvé, 2007
* (with Roger Establet) L'élitisme républicain: l'école française à l'épreuve des comparaisons internationales, 2009
# Clemtown, West Virginia

Clemtown is an unincorporated community in Barbour County, West Virginia, United States.
# Keith Wilson (musician)

Keith L. Wilson (1916 – June 2, 2013) was an American classical musician. He was a clarinetist, teacher, and conductor.

## Career

Wilson was appointed to the faculty of the Yale School of Music, New Haven, Connecticut, in 1946. He served as director of the Yale Bands until 1972. He later became associate dean of the School of Music and director of the Norfolk Summer School of Music. In February 1956 he led members of the Yale Concert Band in the first documented performance of "Set No. 1, Movement V, 'Calcium Light Night'" by composer Charles Ives. He retired in 1987 at the age of 70.
"In 1943 while teaching at Yale University, composer Paul Hindemith composed Symphonic Metamorphoses on Themes by Carl Maria von Weber for symphony orchestra. His arrangement has become a cornerstone of the concert band repertoire." (Smith, Norman. Program Notes for Band. pg.292) His last appearance as soloist was the Concertino for Clarinet by Carl Maria von Weber, with the Yale Concert Band (Thomas C. Duffy, Music Director) on 6 December 1985. His last chamber music appearance was 15 July 1990 playing Béla Bartók's Contrasts for clarinet, violin and piano at the Norfolk Chamber Music Festival ion Norfolk, Connecticut.
Wilson's students included
* Derek Bermel (clarinetist, composer)
* Max Christie (clarinetist)
* Daniel Gilbert (clarinetist, formerly Cleveland Orchestra, teacher University of Michigan)
* Walter Hekster (clarinetist, composer)
* William Hudson (clarinetist, conductor)
* David Irwin (clarinetist)
* Mitch Leigh (composer)
* Eric Mandat (clarinetist, composer)
* Peter Pastreich (former executive director San Francisco Symphony)
* Richard Stoltzman (clarinetist)
* Joaquin Valdepeñas (clarinetist Toronto Symphony)

## Reception

In 1977 Mitch Leigh and others at the Yale School of Music established the Keith Wilson scholarship, to be awarded "to an outstanding major in wind instrument playing." On his retirement in 1987, the Yale School of Music commissioned a piece in his honor: "Songs of Sea and Sky" by Tasmanian/Australian composer Peter Sculthorpe. In 1999 he was awarded the Sanford Medal, the Yale School of Music's highest honor, and the Gustav Stoeckel Award, which honors faculty who have contributed to the life of the School of Music. Robert Blocker, Dean of the school, described Wilson as "one of Yale's most outstanding professors" and "the embodiment of all the Yale School of Music stands for and hopes to be." He was selected to conduct the National Intercollegiate Band in 1967.
# Agricultural Act of 1954

The Agricultural Act of 1954 (P.L. 83-690) is a United States federal law that, among other provisions, authorized a Commodity Credit Corporation reserve for foreign and domestic relief.
The Act established a flexible price support for basic commodities (excluding tobacco) at 82.5-90% of parity and authorized a Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) reserve for foreign and domestic relief. Title VII was designated the National Wool Act of 1954 and provided for a new price support program for wool and mohair to encourage increased domestic production. Price support for wool and mohair continued through marketing year 1995, at which time it was phased down and terminated under the explicit mandate of P.L. 103-130 (November 1, 1993). Mandatory support for wool and mohair was restored by the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 101–171, Sec. 1201–1205).
This Act is separate from, and should not be confused with, the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954.
# Loučná

Loučná may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Loučná (river), a tributary of the Elbe
* Loučná, a town part of Hrádek nad Nisou in the Liberec Region
* Loučná, a village and part of Lom (Most District) in the Ústí nad Labem Region
* Loučná, a village and part of Višňová (Liberec District) in the Liberec Region
* Loučná nad Desnou, a municipality and village in the Olomouc Region
* Loučná nad Nisou, a village and part of Janov nad Nisou in the Liberec Region
* Loučná pod Klínovcem, a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region
# Justice at Stake

Justice at Stake was a judicial advocacy organization active in the United States from 2000 to 2017. The group advocated for an end to judicial elections, and for stricter regulations regarding campaign finance for state-level judicial races. George Soros was one of the organization's primary donors.
The organization's stated mission was to "help Americans keep courts fair and impartial".

## Background

Founded in 2000, Justice at Stake was a 501(c)(3) organization governed by a board of directors. The chair of the board was Mark I. Harrison. The organization announced its closure on June 16, 2017.
Justice at Stake advocated for judicial appointments rather than judicial elections. It also advocated for reforms such as public financing of judicial elections and stricter campaign finance regulations regarding state judicial races.
# Lúcia Benedetti

Lúcia Benedetti (March 30, 1914 in Mococa, São Paulo – 1998 in Rio de Janeiro) – was a Brazilian storyteller, writer of Children's Literature, novelist, playwright, chronicler and translator.

## Biography

Lucia Benedetti was born in Mococa and was the daughter of Dominique Benedetti (tailor / musician) and D. Leocadia M. Benedetti [2] As a student based in Rio de Janeiro she began writing short stories, essays and fictional stories for the magazine O Ensaio.
She graduated in pedagogy at the Bittencourt Silva School in Niterói.
In 1932 she received a degree in legal science, but she never practiced as an attorney.
While working as a teacher, she wrote for the newspaper A Noite. At this carioca newspaper, she met her husband, the journalist, playwright and writer, Raimundo Magalhaes Júnior, whom she married in 1933.
In 1942 the couple moved to the United States, where Magalhaes Júnior worked with Nelson Rockefeller and for the New York Times. Lucia Benedetti became a correspondent for the New York Times and worked for the paper until 1945.
At that time she wrote her first novel, Chico Vira Bicho e outras histórias, in collaboration with her husband. However, the literary work that marked her debut as a writer, was Entrada de serviço, published in 1942.
Lúcia Benedetti is considered the precursor of the theater for children in Brazil, with the O Casaco Encantado (1948), staged by Companhia Artistas Unidos.
The dramatic works of Lucia Benedetti were staged in countries like Portugal and Argentina.
Lucia Benedetti is the mother of Rosa Magalhães.

## Awards

* Prêmio Afonso Arinos – ABL by Vesperal com Chuva – 1950
* Prêmio de Teatro infantil – Prefeitura do Distrito Federal −1954
* Prêmio Arthur Azevedo – ABL – 1948 by O Casaco Encantado
* Prêmio A.B.C.T. – Revelação de Autor – 1949 by O Casaco Encantado
* Prêmio Teatro Infantil – Lei Jorge de Lima – 1952 by Joãozinho Anda Pra Trás

## Works
### Theatre for Children and Youth

* O Casaco Encantado (1948)
* Simbita e o Dragão (1948)
* A Menina das Nuvens (1949)
* Branca de Neve(1950)
* Josefina e o Ladrão (1951)
* Joãozinho Anda Pra Trás (1952)
* Sinos de Natal (1957)
* Sigamos a Estrela
* Palhacinho Pimpão

### Novels

* Chico Vira Bicho (1943)
* Entrada de Serviço (1942)
* Noturno sem Leito (1947)
* Três Soldados (1955)
* Chão Estrangeiro (1956)
* Maria Isabel, Uma Vida no Rio (1960)
* O Espelho Que Vê por Dentro (1965)

### Theater

* O Banquete e a Farsa
* Amores de Celeste
* Figura de Pedro (1960)

### Short stories

* O Inferno de Rosauro, tal como se deu(1960)
* Vesperal com Chuva(1950)
* Nove Histórias Reunidas(1956)
# Hypatima trachymorpha

Hypatima trachymorpha is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1927. It is found on Samoa.
# Hypopta superba

Hypopta superba is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Argentina and Brazil.
# Hyper-IgM syndrome type 4

Hyper-IgM syndrome type 4 is a form of Hyper IgM syndrome which is a defect in class switch recombination downstream of the AICDA gene that does not impair somatic hypermutation.

## Hyper IgM syndromes

Hyper IgM syndromes is a group of primary immune deficiency disorders characterized by defective CD40 signaling; via B cells affecting class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation. Immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination deficiencies are characterized by elevated serum IgM levels and a considerable deficiency in Immunoglobulins G (IgG), A (IgA) and E (IgE). As a consequence, people with HIGM have an increased susceptibility to infections.

## Signs and symptoms

Hyper IgM syndrome can have the following syndromes:
* Infection/Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), which is common in infants with hyper IgM syndrome, is a serious illness. PCP is one of the most frequent and severe opportunistic infections in people with weakened immune systems.
* Hepatitis (Hepatitis C)
* Chronic diarrhea
* Hypothyroidism
* Neutropenia
* Arthritis
* Encephalopathy (degenerative)

## Cause

Different genetic defects cause HIgM syndrome, the vast majority are inherited as an X-linked recessive genetic trait and most sufferers are male.
IgM is the form of antibody that all B cells produce initially before they undergo class switching. Healthy B cells efficiently switch to other types of antibodies as needed to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. In people with hyper IgM syndromes, the B cells keep making IgM antibodies because can not switch to a different antibody. This results in an overproduction of IgM antibodies and an underproduction of IgA, IgG, and IgE.

## Pathophysiology

CD40 is a costimulatory receptor on B cells that, when bound to CD40 ligand (CD40L), sends a signal to the B-cell receptor. When there is a defect in CD40, this leads to defective T-cell interaction with B cells. Consequently, humoral immune response is affected. Patients are more susceptible to infection.

## Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hyper IgM syndrome can be done via the following methods and tests:
* MRI
* Chest radiography
* Pulmonary function test
* Lymph node test
* Laboratory test (to measure CD40)

## Treatment

In terms of treatment for hyper IgM syndrome, there is the use of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Additionally, anti-microbial therapy, use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, immunosuppressants, as well as other treatments, may be needed.
# Hyper-IgM syndrome type 1

Hyper IgM syndrome type 1 (HIGM-1) is the X-linked variant of the hyper IgM syndrome.
The affected individuals are virtually always male, because males only have one X chromosome, received from their mothers. Their mothers are not symptomatic, even though they are carriers of the allele, because the trait is recessive. Male offspring of these women have a 50% chance of inheriting their mother's mutant allele.

## Signs and symptoms

A patient presenting with hyper IgM syndrome may be affected by simple infectious organisms in exposed regions like the respiratory system. Vaccination against pathogenic organisms may not help these individuals, because vaccinating them does not properly stimulate production of antibodies. Symptoms can include:
* Fever (recurrent infections)
* Low counts of IgA, IgG and IgE antibodies
* CD40L not reactive in T cells
* Recurrent sinopulmonary and GI infections with pyogenic bacteria and opportunistic organisms, and cutaneous manifestations including pyodermas extensive warts.

## Pathogenesis

This variant of the hyper IgM syndrome is caused by mutation of the CD40LG gene. The genetic locus for this gene is Xq26. This gene codes for the CD40 ligand, which is expressed on T cells. When the CD40 ligand binds CD40 on B cells, then the B cell switches from producing IgM to producing IgA or IgG.
In these patients a biopsy of a lymph node may show poor development of structural and germinal centers because of the lack of activation of B cells by the T cells in them.

## Treatment

Patients presenting with this disease undergo antibiotic treatment and gammaglobulin transfusions. Antibiotics are used to fight off the pathogenic organisms and the gammaglobulin helps provide a normal balance of antibodies to fight the infection. Bone marrow transplantation may be an option in some cases.
OMIM: 308230
# Hyper-IgM syndrome type 5

The fifth type of hyper-IgM syndrome has been characterized in three patients from France and Japan. The symptoms are similar to hyper IgM syndrome type 2, but the AICDA gene is intact.
These three patients instead had mutations in the catalytic domain of uracil-DNA glycosylase, an enzyme that removes uracil from DNA. In hyper-IgM syndromes, patients are deficient in the immunoglobulins, IgG, IgE and IgA types since the antibody producing B cells can not carry out the gene recombination steps necessary to class switch from immunoglobulin M (IgM) to the other three immunoglobulins types.

## Hyper IgM syndromes

Hyper IgM syndromes is a group of primary immune deficiency disorders characterized by defective CD40 signaling; via B cells affecting class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation. Immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination deficiencies are characterized by elevated serum IgM levels and a considerable deficiency in Immunoglobulins G (IgG), A (IgA) and E (IgE). As a consequence, people with HIGM have an increased susceptibility to infections.

## Signs and symptoms

Hyper IgM syndrome can have the following syndromes:
* Infection/Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), which is common in infants with hyper IgM syndrome, is a serious illness. PCP is one of the most frequent and severe opportunistic infections in people with weakened immune systems.
* Hepatitis (Hepatitis C)
* Chronic diarrhea
* Hypothyroidism
* Neutropenia
* Arthritis
* Encephalopathy (degenerative)

## Cause

Different genetic defects cause HIgM syndrome, the vast majority are inherited as an X-linked recessive genetic trait and most with the condition are male.
IgM is the form of antibody that all B cells produce initially before they undergo class switching. Healthy B cells efficiently switch to other types of antibodies as needed to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. In people with hyper IgM syndromes, the B cells keep making IgM antibodies because can not switch to a different antibody. This results in an overproduction of IgM antibodies and an underproduction of IgA, IgG, and IgE.

## Pathophysiology

CD40 is a costimulatory receptor on B cells that, when bound to CD40 ligand (CD40L), sends a signal to the B-cell receptor. When there is a defect in CD40, this leads to defective T-cell interaction with B cells. Consequently, humoral immune response is affected. Patients are more susceptible to infection.

## Diagnosis

The diagnosis of hyper IgM syndrome can be done via the following methods and tests:
* MRI
* Chest radiography
* Pulmonary function test
* Lymph node test
* Laboratory test (to measure CD40)

## Treatment

In terms of treatment for hyper IgM syndrome, there is the use of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Additionally, anti-microbial therapy, use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, immunosuppressants, as well as other treatments, may be needed.
# I'll Go Where Your Music Takes Me

"I'll Go Where Your Music Takes Me" is a pop song written in 1976 by Biddu. The track appeared twice in the Top 30 of the UK Singles Chart; firstly when recorded by Jimmy James and the Vagabonds in 1976, and then in 1978, when it was covered by Tina Charles. In both instances, the recordings were produced by Biddu.

## Jimmy James and the Vagabonds

The original recording was reviewed in Blues & Soul magazine in March 1976, where it got a three star rating (out of five) and the magazine article stated that "Jimmy (James) sounds like Chuck Jackson on this catchy Biddu creation that has all the straits of a disco record... It's "Doctor's Orders" all over again, really". Jimmy James and the Vagabonds disc reached number 23 in the UK Singles Chart in May 1976, and stayed in that listing for a total of eight weeks.
The song later appeared on a James compilation album, Where Your Music Takes Me, issued by Sequel Records in 1999.

## Tina Charles

Tina Charles' rendition reached number 27 in the UK Singles Chart in April 1978, and also stayed for eight weeks. It reached number 18 in Ireland. The record labels of the various countries releases of the single all quoted '1977', although the single was not issued until February 1978. The recording was arranged by Biddu and Gerry Shury.
The track had earlier been included on Charles' fifth album, Heart 'n' Soul (1977).
# I'll Go to Bed at Noon

I'll Go to Bed at Noon is a book by author Gerard Woodward. It was shortlisted for Booker Prize (2004).
Set in the north London suburb of Palmers Green in the 1970s, the story opens with Colette Jones attending the funeral of her elder brother's wife, followed by her failed attempts to save him from excessive drinking. Colette tries to exile her talented pianist son from her home, but alcoholism destroys his life as well.

## Critical reception

Kirkus Reviews, in a positive review, called the novel "intensely humane and elegantly written". Publishers Weekly likewise gave a positive review, calling the novel "finely sketched".
The Guardian included the novel in their list of best 1000 novels.
# Lützow-Lübstorf

Lützow-Lübstorf is an Amt in the district of Nordwestmecklenburg, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The seat of the Amt is in Lützow.
The Amt Lützow-Lübstorf consists of the following municipalities:
| Alt Meteln Brüsewitz Cramonshagen Dalberg-Wendelstorf Gottesgabe Grambow Klein Trebbow Lübstorf | Lützow Perlin Pingelshagen Pokrent Schildetal Seehof Zickhusen |
53°40′01″N 11°15′00″E﻿ / ﻿53.667°N 11.250°E﻿ / 53.667; 11.250
* This Nordwestmecklenburg location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Hypsamasia

Hypsamasia is an extinct embrithopod mammal that lived during the middle Eocene. Dental remains of this herbivore have been found in the Kartal Formation near the village Saribeylar (40°06′N 32°42′E﻿ / ﻿40.1°N 32.7°E﻿ / 40.1; 32.7, paleocoordinates 38°12′N 28°12′E﻿ / ﻿38.2°N 28.2°E﻿ / 38.2; 28.2) north of Ankara in what is today Anatolia.
Hypsamasia seni was named in reference to its high crowned cheek teeth (Greek: hypsos, "height"), the type locality (the Roman town and province Amasya), and after Dr Sevket Sen for his important contribution to the paleontology and geology of western Asia.
Hypsamasia differs from Palaeoamasia in its larger size and the highly crowned teeth. Other, unnamed embrithopods have been found in the Kartal Formation. Embrithopods are best known from northern Africa, but their range encompassed Central Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Romania. The Turkish paleoamasiids are older and are therefore assumed to be more primitive.
# Hypsalonia

Hypsalonia is a genus of spur-throated grasshoppers in the family Acrididae. There are at least 6 described species in Hypsalonia.

## Species

* Hypsalonia merga Gurney & Buxton, 1963
* Hypsalonia miwoki Gurney & Eades, 1961
* Hypsalonia petasata Gurney & Eades, 1961
* Hypsalonia rentzi Gurney & Eades, 1961
* Hypsalonia satur (Scudder, 1897)
* Hypsalonia tioga Gurney & Eades, 1961
# Höss (surname)

Höss (German:) is a German surname and can refer to several people including:
* Maria Crescentia Höss (1682–1744), Roman Catholic saint
* Otto Höss (1897–1971), Austrian football player
* Rudolf Höss (1901-1947), SS-Obersturmbannführer and commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp