OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John IV, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg

John IV of Saxe-Lauenburg (*?–1414*) was a son of Duke Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg and Sophia of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

## Life

When Eric III of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln had died in 1401, John's father, Eric IV, inherited the branch duchy of the deceased. Subsequently, he shared the reign in the reunited duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg with John and his brother Eric V. However, most of Saxe-Bergedorf-Mölln had been alienated, such as the Herrschaft of Mölln (sold to Lübeck in 1359 under a repurchase agreement) and the Herrschaft of Bergedorf, the Vierlande, half the Saxon Wood and Geesthacht, all of which Eric III had pawned to the city of Lübeck in 1370.
Eric III had entitled Lübeck to take possession of these areas, once he had deceased, until his heirs would repay the credit and thus redeem them and simultaneously exercise their right to repurchase Mölln, requiring together a total sum of 26,000 Lübeck marks. In 1401 Eric IV, supported by his sons Eric V and John IV, forcefully captured the pawned areas without any repayment, before Lübeck could take possession of them. Lübeck acquiesced.
John had due debts with burghers of Hamburg. On a visit there under safe conduct granted by the Hamburg's senate (the city government), his creditor Heyne Brandes [de] (later in modern standard High German also: Hein Brand[t]) took the defaulting duke to task and dunned him in a way the duke considered insulting. The duke complained to the senate. The senate cited Brandes, who admitted the dunning, and arrested him. This caused a civic uproar of Hamburgers, electing from each of the then four parishes 12 representatives, the Council of the Forty-Eighters (die Achtundvierziger), who on Saint Lawrence Day (10 August) stipulated with the senate the Recess of 1410 (considered Hamburg's oldest constitutional act), denying the senate's privilege to arrest without a prior judicial hearing. The Forty-Eighters, in 1687 extended to the Council of the Sixty (die Sechziger), persisted and developed into the first permanent representation of the citizens of Hamburg, the nucleus of the Hamburg Parliament.
In 1411 John IV and his brother Eric V and their father Eric IV pawned their share in the Vogtei over the Bailiwick of Bederkesa and in the Bederkesa Castle [de] to the Senate of Bremen including all "they have in the jurisdictions in the Frisian Land of Wursten and in Lehe [de], which belongs to the afore-mentioned castle and Vogtei". Their share in jurisdiction, Vogtei and castle had been acquired from the plague-stricken Knights of Bederkesa, who had dropped into decline after 1349/1350. Eric V ended his joint reign with John IV after their father Eric IV had deceased in 1412. After John IV died in 1414 without an heir.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of John IV, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg :
# Comparative Toxicogenomics Database

The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) is a public website and research tool launched in November 2004 that curates scientific data describing relationships between chemicals/drugs, genes/proteins, diseases, taxa, phenotypes, GO annotations, pathways, and interaction modules. The database is maintained by the Department of Biological Sciences at North Carolina State University.

## Background

The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) is a public website and research tool that curates scientific data describing relationships between chemicals, genes/proteins, diseases, taxa, phenotypes, GO annotations, pathways, and interaction modules, launched on November 12, 2004. The database is maintained by the Department of Biological Sciences at North Carolina State University.

## Goals and objectives

One of the primary goals of CTD is to advance the understanding of the effects of environmental chemicals on human health on the genetic level, a field called toxicogenomics.
The etiology of many chronic diseases involves interactions between environmental factors and genes that modulate important physiological processes. Chemicals are an important component of the environment. Conditions such as asthma, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, immunodeficiency, and Parkinson's disease are known to be influenced by the environment; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these correlations are not well understood. CTD may help resolve these mechanisms. The most up-to-date extensive list of peer-reviewed scientific articles about CTD is available at their publications page

## Core data

CTD is a unique resource where biocurators read the scientific literature and manually curate four types of core data:
* Chemical-gene interactions
* Chemical-disease associations
* Gene-disease associations
* Chemical-phenotype associations

## Data integration

By integrating the above four data sets, CTD automatically constructs putative chemical-gene-phenotype-disease networks to illuminate molecular mechanisms underlying environmentally-influenced diseases.
These inferred relationships are statistically scored and ranked and can be used by scientists and computational biologists to generate and verify testable hypotheses about toxicogenomic mechanisms and how they relate to human health.
Users can search CTD to explore scientific data for chemicals, genes, diseases, or interactions between any of these three concepts. Currently, CTD integrates toxicogenomic data for vertebrates and invertebrates.
CTD integrates data from or hyperlinks to these databases:
* ChemIDplus, a dictionary of more than 400,000 chemicals housed in the US National Library of Medicine
* DrugBank
* Data Infrastructure for Chemical Safety project (diXa) Data Warehouse by the European Bioinformatics Institute which as of November 2015 contained 469 compounds, 188 disease datasets in three sub-categories liver, kidney and cardiovascular disease.
* Gene Ontology Consortium
* KEGG
* NCBI Entrez-Gene
* NCBI PubMed
* NCBI Taxonomy
* NLM Medical Subject Headings
* OMIM
* Reactome
# Alsine

Alsine may refer to:
* Alsine Linnaeus, 1753, a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, synonym of Stellaria
* Alsine Gaertn., a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, synonym of Minuartia
* Alsine, a Dean of Canterbury, incumbent in 935
# Hormathus giesberti

Hormathus giesberti is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Lingafelter and Nearns in 2007.
# Do Lectures

The DO Lectures is an annual event that was founded in 2008 on the west coast of Wales by Clare and David Hieatt
Those attending go online. There are now there are over 200 talks available online. Speakers include Sir Tim Bernes Lee, Marion Deuchars, Maggie Doyne, and David Allen.

## Locations

DO now happens on four continents.
In West Wales, the Do lectures is held on the Hieatts Farm, Parc y Pratt.
In California, Do Lectures USA is organised by the Do lectures 2009 speaker Duke Stump with Anna Beuselinck & Gary Breen of Campovida - a certified organic farm and working vineyard.
the DO lectures Australia was conceived in May 2013 and is co-created by Samantha Bell, Melinda Jacobsen and Tess and Graham Payne of Payne's Hut.
In November 2014, Sebastian Castro, Javier Carda and Pablo Jenkins envisioned the DO lectures Costa Rica and co-create it with Edward Zaydelman of Puerta Vita.
It also ignited the Do Book Company in May 2013.
Next up, is the Do Ideas Farm.

## The Giving Chair prize

The Giving Chair is a sponsored spot at The DO Lectures so that students can attend for free. An applicant submits a 90 second video about themselves and then another after the event to pass on everything they learned to the company that foot the bill for their chair.
# Affine-regular polygon

In geometry, an affine-regular polygon or affinely regular polygon is a polygon that is related to a regular polygon by an affine transformation. Affine transformations include translations, uniform and non-uniform scaling, reflections, rotations, shears, and other similarities and some, but not all linear maps.

## Examples

All triangles are affine-regular. In other words, all triangles can be generated by applying affine transformations to an equilateral triangle. A quadrilateral is affine-regular if and only if it is a parallelogram, which includes rectangles and rhombuses as well as squares. In fact, affine-regular polygons may be considered a natural generalization of parallelograms.

## Properties

Many properties of regular polygons are invariant under affine transformations, and affine-regular polygons share the same properties. For instance, an affine-regular quadrilateral can be equidissected into $m$ equal-area triangles if and only if $m$ is even, by affine invariance of equidissection and Monsky's theorem on equidissections of squares. More generally an $n$-gon with $n>4$ may be equidissected into $m$ equal-area triangles if and only if $m$ is a multiple of $n$.
# MESO

The acronym MESO may stand for:
* Multiple Equivalent Simultaneous Offers
* Magneto-Electric Spin-Orbit
# Coggalbeg hoard

The Coggalbeg hoard is an Early Bronze Age hoard of three pieces of Irish gold jewellery dating to 2300–2000 BC. It is now in the National Museum of Ireland – Archaeology in Dublin, where it is normally on display.
It was found in a bog at Coggalbeg, County Roscommon in 1945, and consists of a gold lunula (a crescent shaped "little moon") and two small gold discs, of a type known from other examples, decorated with a cross motif within two circles. The pieces are flat and thin, and collectively weigh under 78 grams (2.8 oz), indicating that they were probably intended as part of a necklace.
In 2017 the three objects were featured on an Irish postal stamp, one of a series showing A History of Ireland in 100 Objects.

## Discovery

The hoard was discovered in 1945 by Hubert Lannon while cutting turf on his bog in Roscommon. From 1947, it was kept in a safe at Sheehan's Chemists in Strokestown, during which time it was only seen by members of the Sheehan family. Following a break-in at the pharmacy, in which the safe was stolen, the objects were found by the Garda Síochána (Irish police) wrapped in paper in a rubbish skip in April 2009. Due to its lightness in weight, police believe that the thieves were primarily interested in cash and drugs and were not aware of the objects' presence in the discarded loot.

## Research

Today it is held by the National Museum of Ireland – Archaeology, where it is on permanent display. According to Mary Cahill of the museum, the objects are significant as the only extant "association between the discs and the lunula, because the discs would be considered among the earliest gold ornaments and the lunula as coming a little bit later". The lunula is of the "Classical" type, considered the earliest and finest of three types of lunula. Of the estimated 100 lunula known in Western Europe, some 80 originate in Ireland.
# Abadan, Pursaklar

Abadan is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pursaklar, Ankara Province, Turkey. Its population is 123 (2022). Before 2008, it was part of the district of Çubuk.
# Carr, County Fermanagh

Carr or Corr (from Irish Carr 'rock') is a townland in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The area is situated in the civil parish of Boho and contains Carron Lough which is reputed to be quite deep and also the Sillees River. It is situated within Fermanagh and Omagh district.
The area is noted for the discovery of a Bronze Age sword which was uncovered whilst drainage work was in progress. This sword, which can be seen on display at the Enniskillen museum, is made of cast Bronze. Another historical artifact located in the townland was a log-boat, dated to the period 1440-1620 found in the Sillees River beside Corr Bridge.
The poet Padraic Burns (1879-1943) was a notable inhabitant of this area. Padraic Burns published a book of poems entitled "The Ulster Singer: Some lays and legends from Lough Erne" in 1941. This book was published through The North West of Ireland Printing and Publishing company and contains some of the best known works of the poet including "The Gauger Outwitted", "The Blacksmith of Belleek" and "The Fiddler from Glan".
# International Cruise Terminal station

International Cruise Terminal (simplified Chinese: 国际客运中心; traditional Chinese: 國際客運中心; pinyin: Guójì Kèyùn Zhōngxīn) is a station on the Shanghai Metro Line 12, which opened 29 December 2013.

## Exits

* 1: Dong Changzhi Road, Shangqiu Road
* 4: Dong Changzhi Road, Shangqiu Road

## Nearby

* White Magnolia Plaza
# International ICT Expo

International ICT Expo is organised by the Hong Kong Trade Development Council (HKTDC) and is held at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre in April every year.
The Expo includes the following product and service zones: Enterprise Solutions; Computer & Peripherals; Telecom, Networking & Wireless Technologies; IT Outsourcing; Digitainment & Multimedia; e-Logistics & Retail Technologies; Home-grown Innovations; and Trade Related Services.

## Related events

* [Hong Kong Electronics Fair (Spring Edition)]https://web.archive.org/web/20100119132936/http://hkelectronicsfairse.com/index.htm
* [Hong Kong Int'l Lighting Fair (Spring Edition)]http://hklightingfairse.hktdc.com/
* [Hong Kong Electronics Fair (Autumn Edition)]http://hkelectronicsfairae.hktdc.com/
* electronicAsia https://web.archive.org/web/20100217063349/http://electronicasia.hktdc.com/index.htm
# Caroline, Princess of Wales and Princess Charlotte

Caroline, Princess of Wales and Princess Charlotte is an 1801 portrait by the British artist Sir Thomas Lawrence depicting Caroline, Princess of Wales and her daughter Charlotte of Wales, then second in line to the throne after her father George, Prince of Wales who was the eldest son of George III. By this stage in their marriage Caroline and her husband were estranged and effectively separated.
The painting was commissioned by Lady Townshend, Mistress of the Robes to Caroline. Caroline was taking lessons on the harp and is portrayed tuning the instrument while Charlotte holds out a sheet of music towards her mother. It was exhibited to popular acclaim at the 1802 Royal Academy summer exhibition.
The painting of the work by Lawrence later became the subject of some controversy. During the portrait's completion he had sometimes stayed overnight at Caroline's home Montagu House in Blackheath. During 1806 the delicate investigation was launched by Caroline's husband George in an effort to gain evidence to secure him a divorce. Lawrence was, along with several others figures including the politician George Canning, accused of having an affair with Caroline. Lawrence submitted an affidavit in order to clear his name. The investigation ultimately concluded that there was insufficient evidence to proceed. The painting remained in Caroline's possession until her death in 1821 and was later acquired by Queen Victoria, first cousin of Princess Charlotte.
# International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning

The International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal which focuses on educational technology, specifically on theoretical, technical, and pedagogical aspects of learning in mobile and blended environments. It is the official journal of the International Association for Mobile Learning and is published on their behalf by IGI Global. The journal was established in 2009 by David Parsons (Massey University), who remains the editor-in-chief. Annual collections of papers from the journal are published as a series of edited books.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* ACM Digital Library
* Inspec
* Compendex
* Emerging Sources Citation Index
* PsycINFO
* Scopus
# International Society for Music Education

The International Society for Music Education (ISME) is a professional organization of persons involved with music education. It was founded in Brussels in 1953 during the UNESCO-sponsored conference on "The Role and Place of Music in the Education of Youth and Adults". ISME's mission is to build a worldwide network of music educators, to advocate music education globally and across the lifespan, and to foster intercultural understanding and cooperation.

## Activities

The society holds conferences every two years in a different part of the world and include workshops, paper presentations, keynote addresses, symposia, and performances. In addition, ISME supports regional conferences in Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, and the Americas, and has a range of specialist interest groups to nurture particular areas of music education. These specialist groups include seven long-established commissions that are focused on: research; community music activity; early childhood music education; education of the professional musician; policy: culture, education and media; music in schools and teacher education; and music in special education, music therapy and music medicine. Each commission holds a biennial seminar, usually immediately prior to the main conference. In addition, the world conference includes a forum for instrumental and vocal teachers.
the society's main sponsor is the NAMM Foundation.

## Publications

The International Journal of Music Education is the official journal of the society and is published four times a year by SAGE Publications. Each year the society also produces a series of academic books through Routledge.

## Co-ordination and advisory work

The ISME International Office co-ordinates all communication related to the work of the society. The society acts in an advisory capacity to UNESCO and is a member of and closely affiliated to the International Music Council.
# Casa Jaen I

The Don Hilarion Esquivel House, also known as Casa Jaen I, is a heritage house museum originally located at Jaen, Nueva Ecija built during the 1900s. Being the second house of the Esquivel family at Jaen, Nueva Ecija, it served as the venue for the homecoming of his son, Emmanuel Frias Esquivel, who studied at the United States. Their first house, which is also located at the same municipality, was built in 1890. At present, the house was re-located at Las Casas Filipinas de Acuzar, Bagac, Bataan.
It won the House Beautiful Award in 1917 by the Sunday Tribune. Other houses that have won the award were the El Nido, or Eugene Arthur Perkins residence in 1927 and La Casona, or Jacobo Zobel Mansion in 1928 - all designed by Andres Luna de San Pedro.

## Architectural features

The ground floor of the Don Hilarion Esquivel house were lined with stone flooring while the flooring of the second floor was made of wooden planks. The terrace, or azotea, was located at the rear portion of the house. Its windows were made of large glass panels, instead from the traditional capiz windows. Also, it has a protruding front room - similar to houses built during the American Colonial Period such as the Baldomero Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite. Below the front room are the porch, or porte cochere, and the main entrance.
The exterior and interior wall portions of the house still bears bullet holes - testifying to the history of the occupants before. Esquivels were one of the most influential families in Nueva Ecija. The upper walls of the interior partitions have decorative wooden panels, which improves the air circulation inside. The stairs possesses an elaborate design - leading up to the foyer, or caida, and a corridor, which links the living room, or sala, at the front of the house and the dining room, or comedor, at the rear side. The bedrooms are situated at the sides.
# Caspar Bartholin the Younger

Caspar Bartholin the Younger (/bɑːrˈtoʊlɪn, ˈbɑːrtəlɪn/; Latinized: Caspar Bartholin Secundus; 10 September 1655 – 11 June 1738), was a Danish anatomist who first described the "Bartholin's gland" in the 17th century. The discovery of the Bartholin's gland is sometimes mistakenly credited to his grandfather.

## Early life and education

Bartholin was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He came from an eminent family. He is the grandson of theologian and anatomist Caspar Bartholin the Elder (1585–1629) and son of physician, mathematician, and theologian Thomas Bartholin (1616–1680). His uncle was scientist and physician Rasmus Bartholin (1625–1698).

## Academic career

Bartholin started his medical studies in 1671 at the age of 16. From 1674, he studied in the Netherlands, France and Italy. When he returned to Denmark in 1677, he was appointed lecturer of natural philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. The following year he gained his medical degree and was made full professor at the University of Copenhagen. He described the Bartholin glands which bear his name in 1677. He was rector of the University of Copenhagen from 1687 to 1688.
In 1690, he left his academic career to become a high court judge, becoming Procurator General in 1719, and Deputy of Finance in 1724. In about 1696, Danish-born French anatomist Jacob B. Winslow (1669–1760) was Bartholin's prosector. He received the Order of the Dannebrog in 1729.

## Hagestedgård

Bartholin inherited the Hagestedgård manor house and estate at Holbæk from his father in 1680. He sold the estate to Laurits Jacobsen in 1686 but reacquired it in 1695. He then sold it, for a second time, to Ursula von Putbus in 1704.

## Works

* De tibiis veterum et earum antiquo usu, p. PP7, at Google Books. Rome: B. Carrara, 1677 (Bartholin also wrote about music)
* De ovariis mulierum et generationis historia epistola anatomica, p. PA1, at Google Books. Amsterdam: J. H. Wetstein, 1678