OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alonso Gonzalez Calderón

Alonso Gonzalez Calderón (c.1610-1696) was a Spanish Captain, who served during the Viceroyalty of Peru as regidor, and mayordomo of Santa Fe.
He was born in Santander, possibly son of Antonio Calderón, who served as alguazil of Santa Fe City in 1625. He was married to Gerónima Cortés granddaughter of Diego Thomas de Santuchos and Catalina Correa de Santa Ana.
His son Bartolomé Calderón, was married to María Robles descendant of Antonio Thomas (conquistador), born in Portugal.
# Early Riser (novel)

Early Riser (2018) is a standalone alternate history satire novel of novelist Jasper Fforde.

## Plot

The story takes place in an alternate version of the United Kingdom, where the Ice Age continues and most of the human population hibernates in winter. Returning early from hibernation may cause Dead in Sleep from neural collapse, but death during hibernation may also arise from a shortage of fats, low temperature, vermin predation, carbon dioxide build-up, calcitic migration and many other complications. Some people awake with only enough vestigial memory to walk and eat, and became known as "nightwalkers".
As the novel opens, people's survivability during hibernation has dramatically increased after the introduction of Morphenox, a drug produced by HiberTech, a large and powerful "vertically integrated" corporation. HiberTech also "takes care" of nightwalkers, "redeploying" those who are suitable for performing simple tasks and supervising "transplant potential" of others.
Their Winter Consul Service is responsible for the safety of dreaming people. The main protagonist, Charlie Worthing, is a novice within the service and the story begins as they prepare for their first season as a member of the Winter Consul. Over the course of the winter, the Consul Service discovers an outbreak of viral dreams that, while not believed to be a serious concern at first, inevitably builds into a widespread emergency that endangers every Sleeper.

## Reception

Early Riser was listed 10th in the New York Times Best-Seller Books Hardcover Fiction on 3 March 2019.
"As Charlie uncovers a conspiracy connected with a viral dream, Fforde keeps the puns and neologisms coming thick and fast while exploring every facet of his novel’s intriguing premise." - James Lovegrove, Financial Times (30 November 2018)
"Early Riser is a zany send-up of all things British and an often hilarious account of Charlie’s stumbling, hare-brained attempts to work out the secret of the authoritarian HiberTech company." - Eric Brown, The Guardian (7 September 2018)
"Early Riser has all of the elements and sensibility that have earned Fforde a sizable and devoted following: wordplay, allusion, a playful exuberance and -- of course -- his signature method of World-Building via Copious and Suggestive Use of Capitalization, often in the service of creating Imaginary Socioeconomic Hierarchies and Related Governmental Agencies. (...) Fforde writes witty, chewy sentences, full of morsels, and delivers them deadpan. (...) It’s not so much that the book is less than the sum of its parts. It’s just that there are so many parts. Early Riser, while never underwritten, can be at times a bit underfelt, the verbal dexterity crowding out the room for emotion." - Charles Yu, The New York Times Book Review (28 February 2019)
# Early Soundtrack Sketches, Vol. I

Early Soundtrack Sketches, Vol. I is the second studio album of Daniel Vahnke, released on August 1, 2018 by Rodentia Productions.

## Track listing

All music is composed by Daniel Vahnke

## Personnel

Adapted from the Early Soundtrack Sketches, Vol. I liner notes.
Axon Tremolo
* Daniel Vahnke – sampler, piano
Production
* Neil Wojewodzki – mastering, editing

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format |
| United States | 2018 | Rodentia Productions | DL |
# 1821 in music

This article is about music-related events in 1821.

## Events

* Construction work begins on the Teatro Regio at Parma.
* José Bernardo Alcedo wins a contest, sponsored by General José de San Martín, to choose a national anthem for Peru. The anthem is "Somos libres, seámoslo siempre," with lyrics by José de la Torre Ugarte.

## Classical music

* Ludwig van Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 31
* Friedrich Wilhelm Kalkbrenner – Piano Sextet Op. 58
* Friedrich Kuhlau – 9 Variations For Piano
* Felix Mendelssohn – Symphonies for Strings 1–6
* George Onslow – Cello Sonata, Op.16 No.3 (with viola part)
* Ferdinand Ries
** 2 Piano Sonatinas, Op. 5
** Fantasie nach Schiller's Gedicht 'Resignation', Op. 109
* Franz Schubert
** "Gesang der Geister über den Wassern", D.714; part song for male voices and low strings; Op.posth. 167 (1858)
** Symphony No. 7 in E major, D 729
* Louis Spohr
** Clarinet Concerto No. 3 in F minor, WoO 19
** Mass in C minor, Op. 54
* Jan Václav Voříšek – Symphony in D
* Carl Maria von Weber – Konzertstück in F minor, for piano and orchestra, Op. 79

## Opera

* Johann Kaspar Aiblinger – Rodrigo und Chimene
* Michele Carafa – Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans
* Saverio Mercadante
** Andronico
** Elisa e Claudio
* Giovanni Pacini – Cesare in Egitto
* Gioachino Rossini – Matilde di Shabran, premiered Feb. 24 in Rome.
* Carl Maria von Weber – Der Freischütz

## Publications

* Ananias Davisson – Introduction to Sacred Music, Extracted from the Kentucky Harmony and Chiefly Intended for the Benefit of Young Scholars

## Births

* April 27 – Henry Willis, organ builder (d. 1901)
* May 6 – Emilie Hammarskjöld, composer (d. 1854)
* May 25 – Diederich Krug, pianist and composer (d. 1880)
* June 15 – Nikolai Zaremba, musical theorist and composer (d. 1879)
* June 27 – August Conradi, organist and composer (d. 1873)
* July 18 – Pauline Viardot, singer and composer (d. 1910)
* October 4 – Fanny Stål pianist (d. 1889)
* October 8 – Friedrich Kiel, composer (d. 1885)
* October 13 – Oscar Byström, academic and composer (d. 1909)
* October 16 – Franz Doppler, flautist and composer (d. 1883)
* October 20 – Emilio Arrieta, composer (d. 1894)
* December 8 – Josif Runjanin, composer of the Croatian national anthem (d. 1878)
* December 22 – Giovanni Bottesini, composer (d. 1889)

## Deaths

* March 8 – Harriett Abrams, operatic soprano (b. c.1758)
* May 15 – John Wall Callcott, composer (b. 1766)
* June 25 – Antoine Bullant, bassoonist and composer (born 1750)
* August 6 – Antonio Bartolomeo Bruni, violinist, conductor and composer (born 1757)
* August 10 – Salvatore Viganò, choreographer and composer (born 1769)
* September 22 – Louise-Rosalie Lefebvre, "Madame Dugazon", entertainer (born 1755)
* October 28 – Gaspare Pacchierotti, castrato singer (born 1740)
* November 10 – Andreas Romberg, violinist and composer (born 1767)
* date unknown
** Jules Granier, composer (born 1770)
** Kamalakanta Bhattacharya, Bengali poet and songwriter (born 1722)
# 1821 in architecture

The year 1821 in architecture involved some significant events.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings

* The Schauspielhaus in Berlin (begun in 1819), designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, is completed.
* The Palais Leuchtenberg in Munich (begun in 1817), designed by Leo von Klenze, is completed.
* The Haymarket Theatre in London, designed by John Nash, is completed.
* Prince Ludwig I of Bavaria, wishing to build a monument to German unity and heroism (and the defeat of Napoleon), commissions Leo von Klenze to build a replica of the Parthenon on a bluff overlooking the Danube River near Regensburg, the Walhalla memorial.
* The Strasbourg Opera House is completed
* The Maitland Monument in Corfu, designed by George Whitmore, is built.

## Awards

* Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: Guillaume-Abel Blouet

## Births

* January 2 – Napoleon LeBrun, American architect (died 1901)
* February 4 – Major Rohde Hawkins, English school and church architect (died 1884)
* February 13 – John Turtle Wood, English architect (died 1890)
* February 20 – Frigyes Feszl, Hungarian architect (died 1884)
* April – Thomas Brunner, English-born architect working in New Zealand (died 1874)
* April 11 – James Campbell Walker, Scottish architect (died 1888)
* July 4 – A. J. Humbert, English architect patronised by the royal family (died 1877)
* August 1 – James Gowans, Scottish architect (died 1890)
* November 26 – Charles Webb, English-born architect working in Victoria (Australia) (died 1898)
* Giuseppe Bonavia, Maltese architect (died 1885)
* John Elkington Gill, English architect working in Bath (died 1874)

## Deaths

* March 1 – John Yenn, English architect (born 1750)
* October 4 – John Rennie the Elder, Scottish-born civil engineer (born 1761)
# 1814 in India

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events in the year 1814 in India.

## Events

* National income - ₹13,556 million
* The Anglo-Nepalese War (also known as the Nepal War or the Gorkha War) began.
# 1761 in architecture

The year 1761 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

## Events

* Robert Adam and Sir William Chambers are jointly appointed Architect of the King's Works to King George III of Great Britain.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings completed

* Aina Mahal in Bhuj, Gujarat, India, built by Rao Lakhpatji.
* Christ Church (Cambridge, Massachusetts), designed by Peter Harrison, is completed.
* St. George Church, Moldavia, with a 99-foot (30-m) high bell tower once gilded in 18-carat gold.
* Penicuik House in Scotland built by Sir James Clerk, 3rd Baronet.
* Dunmore Pineapple in Scotland built.
* Église Saint-Georges de Châtenois completed

## Births

* June 7 – John Rennie the Elder, Scottish-born civil engineer (died 1821)
* August 19 – Andreyan Zakharov, Russian architect of the "Empire" style (died 1811)
* August 30 (bapt.) – Archibald Elliot, Scottish architect (died 1823)

## Deaths

* April 7 – Gabriele Valvassori, Italian architect (born 1683)
* date unknown – Domenico Cachia, Maltese master builder (born c. 1690)
# 1777 English cricket season

The 1777 English cricket season was the sixth in which matches have been awarded retrospective first-class cricket status. The scorecards of six first-class matches have survived. James Aylward made a record score of 167 runs that stood until 1820.

## Matches

Six first-class match scorecards survive from 1777, all of them involving Hampshire XIs playing England sides.
* 18–20 June - England v Hampshire XI - Sevenoaks Vine
* 7–10 July - Hampshire XI v England - Broadhalfpenny Down
* 22–26 July - England v Hampshire XI - Laleham Burway
* 18–20 August - England v Hampshire XI - Guildford Bason
* 8–10 September - Hampshire XI v England - Broadhalfpenny Down
* 15–17 September - England v Hampshire XI - Artillery Ground
James Aylward made his record score of 167 in the first England v Hampshire match of the season in June. This set a new record for the highest score in first-class cricket, surpassing the score of 136 made by John Small which had been made in 1775. A printed bill reporting the match said that "Aylward went in at 5 o’clock on Wednesday afternoon, and was not out till after three on Friday" in making his score. The Hampshire total was 403 runs, with Tom Sueter scoring 46 runs, the second highest score in the innings. The match is known to have been played using three stumps, a voluntary measure which had been first introduced in 1775.
Aylward's record stood until 1820, when it was beaten by William Ward, while Hampshire's records (total of 403 and winning margin of an innings and 168 runs) stood until 1793, when Surrey and Sussex scored 453 against England and won by an innings and 299 runs.
Three other matches are known to have been played during the season.

## Debutants

The following players made their first known appearance during the 1777 season.
* William Bedster (Surrey and Middlesex)
* Baker (Hampshire)
* Robert Clifford (Kent)
* Holness (Kent)
* Lamborn (Surrey and Hampshire)
* Noah Mann (Hampshire)
* Pemmell (Kent)
* Townsend (Kent)
# 1777 Gehrels

1777 Gehrels, also designated 4007 P-L, is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered during the Palomar–Leiden survey in 1960, and named for astronomer Tom Gehrels, one of the survey's principal investigators and credited discoverer.

## Discovery

Gehrels was discovered during the Palomar–Leiden survey by the Dutch astronomer couple Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten, in collaboration with Dutch–American astronomer Tom Gehrels at Palomar Observatory, California, on 24 September 1960.
The survey designation "P-L" stands for Palomar–Leiden, named after Palomar and Leiden Observatory, which collaborated on the fruitful Palomar–Leiden survey in the 1960s. Gehrels used Palomar's Samuel Oschin telescope (also known as the 48-inch Schmidt Telescope), and shipped the photographic plates to Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden Observatory, where astrometry was carried out. The trio are credited with the discovery of several thousand minor planets.

## Orbit and classification

It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.6–2.7 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,554 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.02 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.
First observed as A905 UE at Heidelberg Observatory in 1905, Gehrels' first used observation was made at Goethe Link Observatory in 1958, extending the body's observation arc by 2 years prior to its official discovery at Palomar.

## Physical characteristics

This S-type asteroid is characterized as a transitional Sq-type in the SMASS classification.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Gehrels measures between 11.860 and 13.14 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.2212 and 0.277.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts Petr Pravec's revised WISE-data and takes an albedo of 0.2151 with a diameter of 12.67 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.773.

### Lightcurves

Several rotational lightcurve of Gehrels were obtained from photometric observations by astronomers Wiesław Wiśniewski, Petr Pravec, Pierre Antonini, Raoul Behrend, Donn Starkey, Laurent Bernasconi, Jacques Montier, Serge Heterier, Daniel Klinglesmith and Robert Stephens. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period between 2.83 and 2.840 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 and 0.27 magnitude (U=2/3/3/2+/2/3).

## Naming

This minor planet was named in honor of Dutch-born American astronomer Tom Gehrels (1925–2011), professor at the University of Arizona, staff member of the LPL research center at Tucson, a principal investigator in the Pioneer program, receiver of the Masursky Award, initiator of the Spacewatch project, and co-discoverer of thousands of minor planets in the Palomar–Leiden survey (see above). He was a pioneer in the field of photometric and polarimetric observations of Solar System bodies in the 1950s. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 1971 (M.P.C. 3185).
# 1800 in Denmark

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1800 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Christian VII
* Prime minister – Christian Günther von Bernstorff

## Events

* 4 July – St. Nicolas Church, one of the four Medieval churches in Copenhagen, is closed.
* 16 December – Denmark enters a pact of neutrality with Sweden and Russia, and on 18 December also with Prussia.

### Date unknown

* A semaphore line, also known as an optical telegraph, is established between Copenhagen and Schleswig, with 23 reply stations across Zealand, Funen and Als.
* Kronprinsessegade is established in Copenhagen.
* Conrad Malte-Brun is sent into exile for his pamphlets which contained outright criticism of the government, something which the new censorship laws forbade.

## Births

* 8 March – Johan Laurentz Jensen, painter (died 1856)
* 5 September – Michael Gottlieb Bindesbøll, architect (died 1856)
* 31 October – Peter Lassen, rancher in the United States, namesake of Lassen County, California (died 1859)
* 3 November – Rasmus Carl Stæger, judge, financial advisor to the government, entomologist (died 1875)
* 4 December – Emil Aarestrup, poet (died 1856)

## Deaths

* 27 April – Christian Jensen Mørup, architect (born 1732)
Undated
* Anna Klemens, witch trial victim (born 1718)
# Alt-Schauenburg Castle

Alt-Schauenburg is a ruined castle in the commune of Frenkendorf, Switzerland. It is located near the border of France and Germany, and little of the castle remains because of geological events.

## History

There were two Schauenburg castles near Frenkendorf, Alt (or Old)-Schauenburg about 1 km (0.62 mi) southwest of the village on the top of Chleiflüeli hill and Neu (or New)-Schauenburg to the west. Alt-Schauenburg was probably built around 1275 as the seat of a junior branch of the Schauenburg family. The castle was occupied for less than a century. The 1356 Basel earthquake destroyed much of the castle and shortly thereafter the ruins were abandoned. The ruins were gradually buried, until 1949-50 when they were excavated and repaired. In 1976-77 additional construction helped preserve the site.

## Origin of the name

Neu-Schauenburg was built before Alt-Schauenburg, but because Alt-Schauenburg was destroyed and abandoned first, it came to be known as the old or alt- castle.

## Castle site

Many of the walls are still standing following the two conservation projects. The southern approach was guarded by a shield wall. One corner of the wall was protected by a semi-circular avant-corps. Inside the shield wall, the castle tower and residence hall were rectangular.
# Alpha Ridge

The Alpha Ridge is a major volcanic ridge under the Arctic Ocean between the Canada Basin (off Ellesmere Island) and the Lomonosov Ridge. It was active during the formation of the Amerasian Basin. It was discovered in 1963. The highest elevation is about 2,700 m over the ocean floor. It is 200 to 450 km wide. The Alpha Ridge, Lomonosov Ridge, and Nansen-Gakkel Ridge are the three major ranges that divide the Arctic Ocean floor, running generally parallel to each other.
The 1983 Canadian Expedition to Study the Alpha Ridge (CESAR) seemed to establish that the Alpha Ridge is an extension of the continent from Ellesmere Island and hence there is a possibility that Canada may lay claim to the resource rights for the region, in particular for petroleum, according to the United Nations' Law of the Sea. There is no final conclusion to the issue so far, and part of the research planned for the European Drilling Research Icebreaker (Aurora Borealis) was drilling of the Alpha Ridge to collect more data.
Other research suggests that the ridge is probably a result of the oceanic mode of development.
The Strand Fiord Formation on northwestern and west-central Axel Heiberg Island is interpreted to represent the cratonward extension of the Alpha Ridge.
The Alpha Ridge is part of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province.
# Alpha Rwirangira

Alpha Rwirangira (born 25 May 1986) is a Rwandan singer/song writer. He sings world music, reggae, soul R&B, and dance music all in English, Swahili and Kinyarwanda.

## Music

It was after Rwirangira won the East Africa Tusker Project Fame that his professional music career began. This lead him to record and collaborate with Tanzanian A.Y. on a song called Songa Mbele, and Bebe Cool, on Come To Me song.
After the release of the song, rumors began to circulate that Rwirangira "is not a true Rwandan", because he's cousin to A.Y. After winning Tusker Project Fame, Alpha started touring all over East Africa.
In 2010, Rwirangira finalized and released his debut album called One Africa, an album that promoted unity and reconciliation among Africans. He then launched it in Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, and Burundi.
In 2012 Rwirangira, moved to the United States to attend Campbellsville University, in Kentucky to pursue his music studies.
In 2012 during his Christmas vacation in Rwanda, Rwirangira recorded two singles, one with King James "Connected", "Beautiful" with Peace and "African Swagga featuring Rah P. In 2013 he worked with La'Myia Good on a song called "Heaven".

## One Africa album

* Songa Mbele Ft. A.Y. From (Tanzania)
* Come To Me Ft. Bebe Cool (Uganda)
* One Africa
* Mama
* Love Ft. Junior (Rwanda)
* This Child
* Mwami
* Happy Day Ft. Spax (Rwanda)
* Only you
* Ndagukunda “I Love You” Ft. Princes Priscilla (Rwanda)
2- WOW album
* wow
* Son of a king
.• Hashindwi
* Hakuna ft Goodluck Gosbert ( Tanzania )
* Victoria ft Princess Irebe
* Iradukunda
* Amina ft Keilla ( Burundi )
* Zura
* Ishimwe
* Ndaje
* Ni wewe
* Siku yangu

## Awards
### Won

* 2010 Pearl of Africa Music Awards – Best Male Rwanda Artist Year
* 2011 Pearl of Africa Music Awards – Best Rwanda Male Artist
* 2011 AMAMU Awards (Afrotainment Museke Africa Music Awards) – Best East African Song of the year for Songa Mbele (Let's move forward).

### Nominations

* 2011 Tanzania Music Awards – Best East African Song for Songa Mbele featuring A.Y.,

## Controversy

Alpha Rwirangira won the 2011 Pearl of Africa Music Awards as Rwanda Best Male Artist, but he refused to attend the award ceremony, because he felt it was poorly organized.
Alpha Rwirangira refused to sign with South African Record Label Gallo Record Company as part of Tusker Project Fame Season 3 winnings. He also accused Tusker Project Fame of not helping past winners and they were in this for making money.
In 2015, Alpha Rwirangira reported to have broken up with his longtime girlfriend Esther UWINGABIRE who was among Miss Rwanda 2012 contestants and his promoters Ernesto Ugeziwe and Tijara KABENDERA but both sides didn't confirm the news.
# East Lynn Lake

East Lynn Lake is a 1,005-acre (4 km$^2$) reservoir on the East Fork Twelvepole Creek in Wayne County, West Virginia. The lake is operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District, as part of a series of flood control projects for the Ohio River basin.

## History

East Lynn Lake was originally authorized by the U.S. Congress in 1938 following the devastating Flood of 1937. Like many other projects authorized in this era, construction did not actually take place until much later. Construction occurred about 1969-1970 with the intended purposes of flood control, recreation, and fish and wildlife management. East Lynn Lake was established as the project's official name in 1971.
Construction of the lake resulted in the destruction of the town of Stiltner at the mouth of Brush Creek. It also required the relocation of a large stretch of West Virginia Route 37, which formerly followed the East Fork Twelvepole Creek valley that was inundated by the lake.

## Today

East Lynn Lake is home to 29 species of fish indigenous to southern West Virginia as well as carp and other non-native species. The lake is regularly stocked by the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, which manages the lake and surrounding land as East Lynn Lake Wildlife Management Area.
The lake has wake-permitted and no-wake zones, making it popular for fishing and water skiing. The Army Corps of Engineers maintains several recreational areas including a campground at the lake. There is also a marina near the dam.

## Recreation
### Fishing

Multiple West Virginia stage record fish were caught along the East Lynn Lake.