# Balanchine (horse)

Balanchine (16 April 1991 – 18 February 2021) was a Thoroughbred racehorse, bred in the United States and trained in the United Kingdom and Dubai. In a racing career which lasted from September 1993 until October 1995 she ran eight times and won four races. After winning both her races as a two-year-old Balanchine was narrowly beaten in the 1994 1000 Guineas before winning the Classic Epsom Oaks. She then recorded her most important success when defeating male opposition in the 1994 Irish Derby. After recovering from a life-threatening illness, she returned in 1995 but failed to win. Balanchine was one of the first important successes for Godolphin Racing.

## Background

Balanchine was a "big, handsome" chestnut mare, with a prominent white blaze and a long white sock on her near-hind leg. She was bred in the US by the Swettenham Stud, the breeding operation of her original owner, Robert Sangster. She was sired by the European Champion Two-Year-Old Storm Bird, out of the Affirmed mare Morning Devotion, making her a half-sister to the Sun Chariot Stakes winner Red Slippers. She was originally sent into training with Peter Chapple-Hyam at Manton.

## Racing career
### 1993: two-year-old season

Balanchine ran twice as a juvenile in September 1993. Her reputation obviously preceded her, as she was made 1/2 favourite for a fifteen-runner maiden race at Salisbury which she "easily" won by three lengths. Two weeks later at Newbury she led all the way to win a minor stakes event by seven lengths at odds of 2/11 in "impressive" style.
Although she had not contested a Group race, she had established herself as a promising filly and attracted the attention of Maktoum Al Maktoum, who bought her privately and sent her to join his family's then experimental Godolphin team.
As a Godolphin horse, she was sent to spend the winter in Dubai under the care of Hilal Ibrahim. The idea was that the warmer conditions would allow horses to develop more quickly, giving them an advantage in the early part of the European Flat-racing season.

### 1994: three-year-old season

On her return to England, Balanchine was sent straight for the 1000 Guineas without a "prep" race. She started as a 20/1 outsider despite the belief that her winter preparation had given her an advantage in terms of physical maturity. She finished strongly but failed by a short head to catch the Irish-trained filly Las Meninas who set a race record of 1:36.71. The winner was the property of Balanchine's original owner Robert Sangster.
Balanchine was then sent to Epsom for the Oaks Stakes, for which she was made 6/1 third favourite. The filly coped well with the soft ground and "driving rain", staying on strongly to win by two and a half lengths and become the first Classic winner for Godolphin. Sheikh Mohammed pointed out the significance of the Balanchine's performance: 'This experiment has obviously worked. We will now have to think about campaigning horses from Dubai all over the world.'
The decision was then taken to bypass the usual fillies' targets, and instead take on the colts in the Irish Derby at the Curragh. Balanchine justified her owners' belief, taking up the lead half a mile out and staying on strongly to win by four and a half lengths from The Derby runner-up King's Theatre. Her rider, Frankie Dettori, described her as "unbelievable". It was intended that she would be rested and then aimed at the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe but less than three weeks later she contracted colic and became gravely ill. An emergency operation and intensive veterinary treatment saved her life, but there was no prospect of her racing again that season.

### 1995: four-year-old season

Almost a year after her last start, Balanchine re-appeared as the odds-on favourite for the Prince of Wales's Stakes (then a Group Two race) at Royal Ascot but finished fifth of the six runners behind Muhtarram, being eased down in the closing stages.
In a slowly run Prix Foy at Longchamp her performance suggested that she might have been coming back to her best, as she finished a short-head second to the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Carnegie, after leading for most of the race. On her final start she made no impression in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, finishing down the field behind Lammtarra. Her rider, Walter Swinburn, said that he was "always fighting a losing battle on Balanchine." She was then retired to stud.

## Race record

| Date | Race | Dist (f) | Course | Class | Prize (£K) | Odds | Runners | Placing | Margin | Time | Jockey | Trainer |
| 2 September 1993 | EBF Quidhampton Maiden Stakes | 7 | Salisbury | M | 5 | 1/2 | 15 | 1 | 3 | 1:27.42 | John Reid | Peter Chapple-Hyam |
| 17 September 1993 | Starflight Aviation Stakes | 7 | Newbury | | 6 | 2/11 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 1:30.64 | John Reid | Peter Chapple-Hyam |
| 28 April 1994 | 1,000 Guineas | 8 | Newmarket-Rowley | 1 | 112 | 20/1 | 15 | 2 | Short Head | 1:36.71 | Frankie Dettori | Hilal Ibrahim |
| 7 June 1994 | Oaks | 12 | Epsom | 1 | 147 | 6/1 | 10 | 1 | 2.5 | 2:40.37 | Frankie Dettori | Hilal Ibrahim |
| 26 June 1994 | Irish Derby | 12 | The Curragh | 1 | 331 | 5/1 | 9 | 1 | 3.5 | 2:32.70 | Frankie Dettori | Hilal Ibrahim |
| 20 June 1995 | Prince of Wales's Stakes | 10 | Ascot | 2 | 57 | 4/5 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 2:04.94 | Frankie Dettori | Saeed bin Suroor |
| 10 September 1995 | Prix Foy | 12 | Longchamp | 3 | 26 | 1/10 | 4 | 2 | Short Head | 2:35.60 | Frankie Dettori | Saeed bin Suroor |
| 1 October 1995 | Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe | 12 | Longchamp | 1 | 479 | 11/5 | 16 | 10 | 17.5 | 2:31.80 | Walter Swinburn | Saeed bin Suroor |

## Assessment

At the end of her three-year-old season Balanchine was given a Timeform rating of 131.
She was named European Champion Three-Year-Old Filly in the 1994 Cartier Racing Awards.
John Randall and Tony Morris, in their book "A Century of Champions" rated Balanchine the second best filly trained in Britain in the 1990s (behind Bosra Sham) and the fourteenth best British-trained filly of the Twentieth century.
The Group II Balanchine at Meydan Racecourse and the Group III Balanchine Stakes at the Curragh are both named in her honour.

## Breeding record

Balanchine has been bred to many of the world's leading stallions, including Gone West, Seeking The Gold and Elusive Quality but has never produced a runner of anything like her own ability. Her best offspring has probably been the minor winner and stakes placed Gulf News, sired by Woodman.
1999 Gulf News (USA) : Chestnut colt, foaled 29 March, by Woodman (USA) – won 2 races and placed twice including 2nd G2 Prix Niel, Longchamp; 3rd LR Prix Ridgway, Deauville from 9 starts in France 2001–2003
2000 Ibtecar (USA) : Bay colt, foaled 25 March, by Seeking The Gold (USA) – won 2 races and placed 5 times from 15 starts in England, Ireland and Dubai 2002–2006
2005 Oberlin (USA) : Chestnut gelding, foaled 16 February (6th foal), by Gone West (USA) – won once and placed 5 times from 21 starts on the flat and over hurdles in England 2007–2009
2007 Concurrence (USA) : Bay colt, foaled 1 February, by Elusive Quality (USA) – unplaced two starts in England 2010
2012 Balsamine (USA) : Bay filly, foaled 24 February, by Street Cry (IRE) – won twice and placed 3 times including 4th G3 Prix Penelope, Saint-Cloud from 5 starts in France 2014–15
2013 Barabau (USA) : Bay colt, foaled 2 April, by Bernardini (USA) – unplaced two starts to date in England 2015

## Death

Balanchine died of natural causes on 18 February 2021 at age 30.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Balanchine (USA), chestnut mare, 1991 :
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | Northern Dancer 1961 | Nearctic | Nearco |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | Northern Dancer 1961 | Nearctic | Lady Angela |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | Northern Dancer 1961 | Natalma | Native Dancer |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | Northern Dancer 1961 | Natalma | Almahmoud |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | South Ocean 1967 | New Providence | Bull Page |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | South Ocean 1967 | New Providence | Fair Colleen |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | South Ocean 1967 | Shining Sun | Chop Chop |
| Sire Storm Bird (CAN) 1978 | South Ocean 1967 | Shining Sun | Solar Display |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Affirmed 1975 | Exclusive Native | Raise a Native |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Affirmed 1975 | Exclusive Native | Exclusive |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Affirmed 1975 | Won't Tell You | Crafty Admiral |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Affirmed 1975 | Won't Tell You | Scarlet Ribbon |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Morning Has Broken 1974 | Prince John | Princequillo |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Morning Has Broken 1974 | Prince John | Not Afraid |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Morning Has Broken 1974 | A Wind Is Rising | Francis S |
| Dam Morning Devotion (USA) 1982 | Morning Has Broken 1974 | A Wind Is Rising | Queen Nasra (Family: 4-k) |