OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mangalapatti

Mangalapatti is a village located in Kangeyam taluk of Tiruppur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

Mangalapatti has population of 3,512 of which 1,734 are males while 1,778 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 294 which is 8.37% of total population of Mangalapatti. In Mangalapatti, female sex ratio is 1025 against state average of 996. Moreover, child sex ratio in Mangalapatti is around 1100 compared to Tamil Nadu state average of 943. Literacy rate of Mangalapatti is 67.65% lower than state average of 80.09%. Male literacy is around 76.85% while female literacy rate is 58.62%.

## Schools

* Government High School, Mangalappatti

## Temples

* Kaaliamman Temple
* Eswaran Temple
* Pattatharasi Amman Temple
# Mangalan Master

Mangalan Master is the nom de guerre of a candidate for the TMVP contesting Polonnaruwa District for the United People's Freedom Alliance in Sri Lanka. He is a former LTTE cadre, third in line for TMVP leadership after defecting to the party of Colonel Karuna and a staunch Karuna partisan during intra-TMVP feuds. The LTTE made an attempt on his life with claymore bombs in 2005.
# Below the Surface

Below the Surface may refer to:
* Below the Surface (1938 film), an adventure tale set in the coal region of Newcastle, Australia
* Below the Surface (1920 film), an American silent drama film directed by Irvin Willat and starring Hobart Bosworth
* Below the Surface (TV series), a 2017 Danish nordic noir drama series, written and directed by Kasper Barfoed
# 2020 Motocross des Nations

The 2020 Motocross des Nations was going to be a motocross race that was to be held on 27 and 28 September 2020 in Ernée, France. However, on 29 July 2021, it was announced that the event had been cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Entry list

Start numbers are allocated based on the team finish from the previous year's competition. The Netherlands are the reigning champions so their riders would have been given numbers 1, 2 and 3. That will carry forward into the 2021 MXoN.
# Mangaluru Samachara

Mangaluru Samachara or Mangalooru Samachara which literally means "The news of Mangalore" is the first newspaper published in Kannada. It was produced by a German, Rev. Hermann Friedrich Mögling of the Basel Mission beginning in 1843. The paper was printed using stone slabs, which exist to this day in the Basel Mission Printing Press in Balmatta, Mangalore. It was a very difficult task to publish a newspaper at that time because there was no simple way of communicating news and other written words to the general public.

## History

In 1836 a diminutive German arrived on the shores of Mangalore armed with the Bible, seeking to spread the message of the Gospel.
Seven years later, in 1843, the Christian missionary had mastered Kannada well enough to launch Karnataka’s first vernacular newspaper, Mangalura Samachara. With that enterprising leap in journalism, Hermann Frederick Mogling of the Basel Mission, for which Mangalore was the "most important centre" of its work in India, not just propelled 19th century Karnataka into the world of new, the four-page weekly Mangaluru Samachara even published news on Afghanistan - but took the pioneering step in translating several literary works in Kannada into German.
According to Benet G Ammanna of the archives department of the Karnataka Theological College, the newspaper contained eight different aspects that included ‘voora varthamana’ (local news), ‘sarakarada niroopagalu’ (East India Company and its laws and regulations), ‘sarva rajya varthamanagalu’ (state news), ‘nuthanavada ashcharya suddigalu’ (unusual news), ‘anyara nadathegalu’ (mannerisms), ‘subuddigalu’ (good conduct), ‘kathegalu (moral stories and songs of Purandaradasa) and an announcement stating that "anybody can send the news and it will be published if it is true."
# List of Buddhist temples in Nepal

This is a list of Buddhist temples, monasteries, stupas, and pagodas in Nepal for which there are Wikipedia articles, sorted by location.

## Kapilbastu District

* Tilaurakot, archeological site as the location for the historical site of Kapilavastu

## Kathmandu District

* Amitabha Monastery
* Benchen Monastery
* Boudhanath
* Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling
* Kindo Baha, also known as Kirttana Mahavihara (Theravadin)
* Kopan Monastery
* Pranidhipurna Mahavihar (Theravadin)
* Seto Gumba
* Swayambhunath
* Tergar Osel Ling Monastery
* Tharlam Monastery

## Lalitpur District

* Hiranya Varna Mahavihar, known locally as the "Golden Temple"

## Mustang District

* Chhairo gompa
* Muktinath
* Sambha gompa

## Rupandehi District

* Lumbini, birthplace of Gautama Buddha
* Maya Devi Temple, Lumbini

## Solukhumbu District

* Pema Namding Monastery
* Phugmoche Monastery
* Tengboche Monastery
# Phebalium brachycalyx

Phebalium brachycalyx is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is more or less covered with silvery and rust-coloured scales, and has narrow oblong leaves with wavy-glandular edges, and white to pale yellow flowers in umbels on the ends of branches.

## Description

Phebalium brachycalyx is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.4–1.5 m (1 ft 4 in – 4 ft 11 in) and is more or less covered with silvery and rust-coloured scales. The leaves are narrow oblong, about 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) long and about 1.5 mm (0.059 in) wide on a short petiole. The edge of the leaves are wavy-glandular and the mid-vein on the lower surface is warty. The flowers are white to pale yellow and arranged in umbels of three to six flowers, each flower on a thin pedicel 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) long. The sepals are about 1 mm (0.039 in) long and joined for about half their length, scaly on the outside but glabrous inside. The petals are broadly elliptical, about 4 mm (0.16 in) long and 2 mm (0.079 in) wide, covered with silvery to rust-coloured scales on the outside. Flowering occurs from August to November.

## Taxonomy and naming

Phebalium brachycalyx was first formally described in 1998 by Paul Wilson in the journal Nuytsia from specimens collected at the south end of the Wongan Hills by Alex George.

## Distribution and habitat

Phebalium brachycalyx grows on laterite on hills between Dalwallinu and Kondinin.

## Conservation status

Phebalium brachycalyx is classified as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.
# Black Light (comics)

Black Light or Blacklight, in comics, may refer to:
* Black Light (2000 AD), a series in British science fiction comic 2000 AD
* Blacklight (Image Comics), two Image Comics characters
* Blacklight (MC2), a Marvel Comics character
# 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone

11α-Hydroxyprogesterone (11α-OHP), or 11α-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione is an endogenous steroid and metabolite of progesterone. It is a weak antiandrogen, and is devoid of androgenic, estrogenic, and progestogenic activity.
11α-OHP was investigated as a topical antiandrogen for the treatment of androgen-dependent skin conditions in the early 1950s, and was found to produce some benefit. In 1995, 11α-OHP, along with its epimer 11β-hydroxyprogesterone, was identified as a very potent competitive inhibitor of both isoforms (1 and 2) of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD). It is notably not metabolized by 11β-HSD2.
11α-OHP is a more potent inhibitor of 11β-HSD than enoxolone (glycyrrhetinic acid) or carbenoxolone in vitro (IC$_{50}$ = 0.9 nM; IC$_{50}$ = 5 nM in transfected cells). The compound has been found to be highly active in conferring mineralocorticoid sodium-retaining activity of corticosterone in vivo in rat bioassays and in increasing blood pressure, effects that it mediates by preventing the 11β-HSD-mediated inactivation of endogenous corticosteroids.
11α-OHP is used as a precursor in chemical syntheses of cortisone and hydrocortisone.
# 1968 European Indoor Games – Men's 50 metres hurdles

The men's 50 metres hurdles event at the 1968 European Indoor Games was held on 10 March in Madrid.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Eddy Ottoz Italy | Günther Nickel West Germany | Milan Kotik Czechoslovakia |

## Results
### Heats

First 4 from each heat (Q) qualified directly for the semifinals.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 3 | Eddy Ottoz | Italy | 6.64 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | Hinrich John | West Germany | 6.74 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Alan Pascoe | Great Britain | 6.74 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | Milan Kotik | Czechoslovakia | 6.76 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | Kjellfred Weum | Norway | 6.82 | Q |
| 5 | 3 | Adam Kołodziejczyk | Poland | 6.82 | Q |
| 7 | 1 | Viktor Balikhin | Soviet Union | 6.84 | Q |
| 8 | 3 | Valentin Chistyakov | Soviet Union | 6.89 | Q |
| 9 | 3 | Günther Nickel | West Germany | 6.89 | Q |
| 10 | 2 | Pierre Schoebel | France | 6.92 | Q |
| 11 | 1 | Sergio Liani | Italy | 6.94 | Q |
| 12 | 3 | Dan Hidiosanu | Romania | 6.95 | |
| 13 | 1 | Patrick Malrieux | France | 6.96 | Q |
| 12 | 1 | Werner Kuhn | Switzerland | 6.99 | |
| 13 | 2 | Rafael Cano | Spain | 7.02 | |

### Semifinals

First 3 from each heat (Q) qualified directly for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | Eddy Ottoz | Italy | 6.62 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Milan Kotik | Czechoslovakia | 6.72 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | Günther Nickel | West Germany | 6.73 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Adam Kołodziejczyk | Poland | 6.73 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | Valentin Chistyakov | Soviet Union | 6.76 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | Viktor Balikhin | Soviet Union | 6.76 | Q |
| 7 | 1 | Alan Pascoe | Great Britain | 6.78 | |
| 8 | 2 | Hinrich John | West Germany | 6.79 | |
| 9 | 2 | Kjellfred Weum | Norway | 6.80 | |
| 10 | 1 | Patrick Malrieux | France | 6.84 | |
| 11 | 1 | Sergio Liani | Italy | 6.86 | |
| | 2 | Pierre Schoebel | France | DNF | |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Eddy Ottoz | Italy | 6.52 | WB |
| | Günther Nickel | West Germany | 6.68 | |
| | Milan Kotik | Czechoslovakia | 6.73 | |
| 4 | Adam Kołodziejczyk | Poland | 6.78 | |
| 5 | Viktor Balikhin | Soviet Union | 6.79 | |
| 6 | Valentin Chistyakov | Soviet Union | 6.95 | |
# Echizen, Fukui (town)

Echizen (越前町, Echizen-chō) is a town located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2018, the town had an estimated population of 20,709 and the population density of 140 persons per km$^2$. The total area of the town was 153.15 square kilometres (59.13 sq mi).

## Geography

Echizen town is located in the Nyū District of central Fukui Prefecture, bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west. Parts of the coastal area of the town are within the borders of the Echizen-Kaga Kaigan Quasi-National Park.

### Neighbouring municipalities

* Fukui Prefecture
** Echizen
** Fukui
** Minamiechizen
** Sabae

### Climate

Echizen has a humid climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm, wet summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Echizen is 14.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2398 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.7 °C. Parts of the town are located within the extremely heavy snowfall area of Japan.

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Echizen was relatively stable throughout the late 20th century but has declined in the 21st.

## History

Echizen is part of ancient Echizen Province. During the Edo period, the area was mostly part of the holdings of Fukui Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate. Following the Meiji Restoration, and the establishment of the modern municipalities it was organised into part of Nyū District in Fukui Prefecture. The villages of Shirosaki and Shikaura were founded on April 1, 1889. Shikaura was raised to town status on August 1, 1946. The town of Echizen was formed on March 1, 1955 by the merger of Shikaura and Shirosaki. On February 1, 2005 the towns of Asahi and Ota, and the village of Miyazaki, all from Nyū District, were merged into Echizen.

## Economy

The economy of Echizen town is mixed, with commercial fishing and agriculture prominent. Echizen is known for its production of high quality crab, rice, pottery, and daffodils.

## Education

Echizen town has eight public elementary schools and four middle schools operated by the city government. The town has one public high school operated by the Fukui Prefectural Board of Education.
* Asahi Junior High School
* Echizen Junior High School
* Miyazaki Junior High School
* Nyu High School
* Ota Junior High School

## Transportation
### Railway

Echizen town has no public passenger railway service.

### Highway

* National Route 305
* National Route 365
* National Route 417

## International relations
### Sister cities

* Miyama, Fukuoka, Japan
* Montevallo, Alabama, United States, since 2008

### Friendship cities

* Nishio, Aisho, Japan
* Yeongdeok County, South Korea

## Local attractions

* Echizen-Kaga Kaigan Quasi-National Park
* Echizen ware ceramics
# Buz Phillips

Albert Abernathy "Buz" Phillips (May 25, 1904 – November 6, 1964) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1930.
# Many Clouds Chase

The Many Clouds Chase is a Grade Two National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which is open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at Aintree over a distance of about 3 miles and 1 furlong (3 miles and 210 yards, or 5,020 metres), and during its running there are nineteen fences to be jumped. It is scheduled to take place each year in early December.
The race was first run as a Listed race in 2011. It was awarded Grade Two status and renamed in honour of Many Clouds in 2017.
In April 2023 the British Horseracing Authority announced the removal of the race from the 2023/24 programme.
# Mamulanar

Mamulanar (Tamil: மாமூலனார்) was a poet of the Sangam period, to whom 31 verses of the Sangam literature have been attributed, including verse 8 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai.

## Biography

Manulanar belonged to the Brahmin caste. Mamulanar has described about the destruction of Pataliputra by River Ganges. However, there was no mention about the event of Patalipura fire of the 1st century CE. These suggest that Mamulanar lived no later than the 1st century BCE. Also, his writing about the Mauryas and Nandas indicated that he must have lived before 320 BCE. All his writings are known to contain historical information.

## Contribution to the Sangam literature

Mamulanar has written 31 verses, including 1 in Kurunthogai (verse 11), 2 in Natrinai, 27 in Agananuru, and 1 in Tiruvalluva Maalai.

### Views on Valluvar and the Kural

Mamulanar opines about Valluvar and the Kural text thus:
   Valluvar is in reality a god; and if any shall say that he is a mere mortal, not only will the learned reject his saying, but take him for an ignorant man.
# Leinegraben

Leinegraben may refer to:
* Leinegraben (Leipzig), a river of Saxony, Germany, tributary of the Pleiße near Leipzig
* Leinegraben (lowland), a lowland in Lower Saxony and Hesse, Germany
* Leine Graben, trough of the river Leine, of Thuringia and Lower Saxony, Germany
# 1587 in poetry

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

## Events

* Jean-Antoine de Baif awarded the Golden Apollo by the Jeux Floraux de Toulouse, in France
* French King Henri of Navarre sends Guillaume Du Bartas on a diplomatic mission to Scotland and England.

## Works published
### Great Britain

* Thomas Churchyard, The Worthiness of Wales, mostly verse
* Angel Day, Daphnis and Chloe, prose and poetry; a translation from the French of Jacques Amyot
* George Gascoigne, The Whole Woorkes of George Gascoigne Esquyre, posthumously published (see also A Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 1573, The Posies of George Gascoigne 1575)
* George Turberville, Tragicall Tales, translations from Mambrino Roseo and Boccaccio's Decameron
* George Whetstone, Sir Philip Sidney, his Honourable Life, his Valiant Death, and his True Vertues, in verse (see "Deaths" section)

### Other

* François de Malherbe, Les Larmes de Saint Pierre, presented to Henry III of France, a florid, mannered poem which the author later disowned, France
* Cristóbal de Virués, El Monserrate, Spain
* Jean Papire Masson, a book on the lives of Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, published in Paris, France

## Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* September 18 – Francesca Caccini (died 1641), Italian early Baroque composer, singer, lutenist, poet and music teacher
* October 18 – Lady Mary Wroth (died c. 1651), English poet
* November 17 – Joost van den Vondel (died 1679), Dutch writer considered the most prominent Dutch poet and playwright of the 17th century
* Also:
** Francis Kynaston (died 1642), English courtier, poet and translator
** Yun Seon-do (died 1671), Korean poet and government official

## Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* February 8 – Mary, Queen of Scots (born 1542), deposed queen regnant and occasional French-language poet, executed
* November – Madeleine Des Roches (born c. 1520) and her daughter, Catherine Des Roches (born 1542), both died of an epidemic on the same day; together they collectively published French prose and poetry; the two hosted a literary circle which included Scévole de Sainte-Marthe, Barnabé Brisson, René Chopin, Antoine Loisel, Claude Binet, Nicolas Rapin and Odet de Turnèbe
* date not known – George Whetstone died about this year (born c. 1544), English playwright, poet and author (see "Works published" section)
# List of communities in Inverness County, Nova Scotia

List of communities in Inverness County, Nova Scotia
These are all unincorporated areas within the jurisdiction of the Municipality of the County of Inverness except the incorporated town of Port Hawkesbury.
* Chéticamp
* Grand Étang
* Hillsboro or Hillsborough
* Inverness
* Judique
* Mabou
* Meat Cove
* Orangedale
* Pleasant Bay
* Port Hastings
* Port Hawkesbury
* Port Hood
* St. Joseph du Moine
* Southwest Margaree
* Whycocomagh

## Former

* Cap-Rouge
# Lello

Lello is a surname. It may refer to:

## Given name

* Lello Arena (born 1953) Italian actor, comedian and television personality
* Lello da Orvieto (1315–1340), Italian painter and mosaicist
* Lello Voce (born 1957), Italian poet, writer and journalist

## Surname

* Christopher Lello (born 1971), English cricketer
* Cyril Lello (1921–1997), English footballer
* Henry Lello (fl. late 16th–early 17th century), English diplomat, warden of the Fleet Prison, and Keeper of the Palace of Westminster
# List of cities in Jammu and Kashmir by population

This is a list of urban agglomerations with a population above 100,000 as per 2011 census in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir:

## Urban Agglomeration

In the census of India 2011, an Urban Agglomeration has been defined as follows:
"An urban agglomeration is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining outgrowths (OGs), or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without outgrowths of such towns. An Urban Agglomeration must consist of at least a statutory town and its total population (i.e. all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations which have been treated as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity."

### Constituents of Urban Agglomerations in Jammu and Kashmir

The constituents of Urban Agglomerations in Jammu and Kashmir, with a population of 1 lakh or above, are noted below:
* Srinagar Urban Agglomeration includes Srinagar (M Corp.), Bagh e Mehtab (OG), Shanker Pora (OG), Machwa(Nasratpora) (OG), Dharam Bagh (OG), Gopal Pora (OG), Wathora (OG), Badamibagh (CB), Pampora (MC) Narbal, Parihaspora and Kral Pora (CT),
* Jammu UA includes Jammu (MC), Kamini (OG), Khanpur (OG), Setani (OG), Narwal Bala (OG), Rakh Bahu (OG), Chhani Raaman (OG), Chhani Beja (OG), Chhani Kamala (OG), Chak Jalu (OG), Sunjawan (OG), Deeli (OG), Gangial (OG), Gadi Garh (OG), Raipur (OG), Rakh Raipur (OG), Chak Gulami (OG), Gujrai (OG), Hazuri Bagh (OG), Muthi (OG), Barnayi (OG), Dharmal (OG), Chanor (OG),Chwadi (OG), Keran (OG), Satwari (OG), Nagrota (CT), Chak Kalu (CT), Rakh Gadi Garh (CT), Bhore (CT), Chhatha (CT), Jammu (CB) and Bari Brahmana (MC).
* Anantnag UA includes Anantnag (M Cl), Rakh Chee (OG), Chee (OG), Mirgund (OG), Takai Bahram Shah (OG), Ghat Pushwari (OG), Bagh Nowgam (OG), Mong hall (OG), Haji Danter (OG), Bona Dialgam (OG), Uttersoo Naji gund (OG), Bug Nowgam (OG), Khirman Dooni pahoo (OG), Dooni Pahoo (OG), Brak Pora (OG), Fateh Garh (OG), Chiti pai Bugh (OG), Shamshi Pora (OG), Batengo (OG), Khandi Pahari (OG), Bagh-i- Sakloo (OG) and Mattan (MC).
       Abbreviations: M Corp. = Municipal Corporation, M = Municipality, CT = Census Town, OG = Out Growth, NA = Notified Area, CB = Cantonment Board

## Urban Agglomeration constituents

Urban Agglomerations constituents with a population above 100,000 as per 2011 census are shown in the table below.
| Urban Agglomeration | Name of Constituent | District | Type* | Population 2011 | Male | Female | Population below 5 yrs | Literacy Rate |
| Srinagar | Srinagar | Srinagar | M Corp | 1,192,792 | 631,916 | 560,876 | 148,176 | 70.98 |
| Jammu | Jammu | Jammu | M C | 503,690 | 265,346 | 238,344 | 42,655 | 89.66 |
| Anantnag | Anantnag | Anantanag | M CL | 108,505 | 56,030 | 52,475 | 18,056 | 78.95 |
# 1276 papal conclave

1276 papal conclave or 1276 papal election may refer to:
* January 1276 papal conclave, which elected Innocent V to succeed Gregory X
* July 1276 papal conclave, which elected Adrian V to succeed Innocent V
* September 1276 papal election, which elected John XXI to succeed Adrian V
# List of defunct airlines of Belarus

This is a list of defunct airlines of Belarus.
| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Commenced operations | Ceased operations |
| Aeroconcept | | | | 1999 | 2000 |
| BAS | | | | 1995 | 2002 |
| Bel-Air Belarusian Airlines | | BLI | | 1991 | 1999 |
| Gomelavia | YD | GOM | GOMEL | 1996 | 2011 |
| Minsk Avia | 4M | MEN | MINSK | 1996 | 1998 |
| Mogilevavia | | MOG | | 1996 | 2002 |
| Techaviaservice | | BTS | | 1994 | 1999 |
| Wings Air Service | | | | 1993 | 1996 |