OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jean-Marc Chaput

Jean-Marc Chaput (6 November 1930 – 6 June 2020) was a Canadian public speaker and author.

## Biography

The son of Robert Chaput and Gladys Reid, Jean-Marc Chaput spent his childhood on 4e Avenue, between Rue Masson and Saint Joseph Boulevard. He attended Collège Ahuntsic, Collège Sainte-Marie de Montréal, and HEC Montréal. On 14 February 1953, he married Céline Graton at Saint-Nicolas d'Ahuntsic in Montreal. The couple had five children: Patrick, François, Isabelle, Pierre-Yves, and Geneviève. They also had 21 grandchildren.
Chaput died on 6 June 2020 in Montreal due to bone cancer at the age of 89.

## Publications

* À la recherche de l'humain, une recherche du bonheur et de nos possibilités (1988)
* Politiquement incorrect (2006)
* À la recherche de l'humain (2007)
* Une vie d'amour et d'épreuves (2011)
# Brokaw bandgap reference

Brokaw bandgap reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circuits, with an output voltage around 1.25 V with low temperature dependence. This particular circuit is one type of a bandgap voltage reference, named after Paul Brokaw, the author of its first publication.
Like all temperature-independent bandgap references, the circuit maintains an internal voltage source that has a positive temperature coefficient and another internal voltage source that has a negative temperature coefficient. By summing the two together, the temperature dependence can be canceled. Additionally, either of the two internal sources can be used as a temperature sensor.
In the Brokaw bandgap reference, the circuit uses negative feedback (by means of an operational amplifier) to force a constant current through two bipolar transistors with different emitter areas. By the Ebers–Moll model of a transistor,
* The transistor with the larger emitter area requires a smaller base–emitter voltage for the same current.
* The difference between the two base–emitter voltages has a positive temperature coefficient (i.e., it increases with temperature).
* The base–emitter voltage for each transistor has a negative temperature coefficient (i.e., it decreases with temperature).
The circuit output is the sum of one of the base–emitter voltages with a multiple of the base–emitter voltage differences. With appropriate component choices, the two opposing temperature coefficients will cancel each other exactly and the output will have no temperature dependence.
In the example circuit shown, the opamp ensures that its inverting and non-inverting inputs are at the same voltage. This means that the currents in each collector resistor are identical, so the collector currents of Q1 and Q2 are also identical. If Q2 has an emitter area that is $N$ times larger than Q1, its base-emitter voltage will be lower than that of Q1 by a magnitude of ${\tfrac {kT}{q}}\ln(N)$. This voltage is generated across $R2$ and so defines the current $I$ in each leg as ${\tfrac {kT}{q}}\ln(N){\tfrac {1}{R2}}$. The output voltage (at the opamp output) is therefore $V_{BE_{Q1}}+2\cdot I\cdot R1$, or:
$V_{BE_{Q1}}+2{\tfrac {kT}{q}}\ln(N){\tfrac {R1}{R2}}\,.$
The first term has a negative temperature coefficient; the second term has a positive temperature coefficient (from its $T$). By an appropriate choice of $N$ and $R1$ and $R2$, these temperature coefficients can be made to cancel, giving an output voltage that is nearly independent of temperature. The magnitude of this output voltage can be shown to be approximately equal to the bandgap voltage (EG0) of Silicon extrapolated to 0 K.
# Ballerina (1937 film)

Ballerina is a 1937 French ballet film directed by Jean Benoît-Lévy and Marie Epstein, starring Yvette Chauviré, Mia Slavenska and Janine Charrat. The original title is La Mort du cygne, the French title for Michel Fokine’s short ballet piece The Dying Swan. It tells the story of a 12-year-old girl who fears that her favourite performer at the Paris Opera Ballet will be replaced by a Russian ballerina, and sets out to engineer an accident for the rival.
The film is based on the 1933 short story "La Mort du cygne" by Paul Morand. The choreography was done by Serge Lifar. The film was remade in the United States as The Unfinished Dance, released in 1947.

## Cast

* Yvette Chauviré as Mademoiselle Beaupré
* Mia Slavenska as Nathalie Karine
* André Pernet as Méphiste
* Janine Charrat as Rose Souris
* France Ellys as Madame Souris
* Jean Périer as Le directeur
* Mady Berry as Célestine

## Reception

Anna Kisselgoff of The New York Times wrote in 1998: "The hard-nosed American critics raving about the film recognized its special and exquisite quality from the start. Rightly ignoring its surface sentimentality, they were clearly unnerved and impressed by Benoit-Levy's psychological insight into childhood innocence gone awry. Today the film is priceless in its haunting evocation of the Paris Opera on the eve of World War II." Kisselgoff continued: "The title ballet, not to be confused with Fokine's famous solo The Dying Swan, looks downright silly, but elsewhere Lifar's choreography is firmly grounded in the classical idiom. ... Ms. Charrat, as a child performer, and the two ballerinas are extraordinary."
# Ostgut Ton

Ostgut Ton (also known as Ostgut Tonträger) was a German record label owned by the club Berghain in Berlin. Resident Advisor described it "a dominant force in dance music, beloved for its mix series and dozens of EPs, albums and compilations."
The label's first releases were by Berghain/Panorama Bar residents such as André Galluzzi, Cassy, and Ben Klock.
Amongst the producers that have released for the label are André Galluzzi, Ben Klock, Cassy, Edit-Select, Len Faki, Luke Slater, Marcel Dettmann, Marcel Fengler, Murat Tepeli, My My, Nick Höppner, Paul Brtschitsch, Prosumer, Samuli Kemppi, Shed, Tama Sumo, Tobias Freund, Tim Paris, and Vatican Shadow.
Ostgut Ton closed in December 2021.
# Dagostinia

Dagostinia is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Dacian fortress of Beidaud

It was a Dacian fortified town.
# Daiphron

In Greek mythology, Daiphron (Ancient Greek: Δαΐφρων means "warlike" or "prudent") may refer to the following Egyptian brother-princes:
* Daiphron, one of the sons of King Aegyptus of Egypt. He suffered the same fate as his other brothers, save Lynceus, when they were slain on their wedding night by their wives who obeyed the command of their father King Danaus of Libya. Daiphron was the son of Aegyptus by Argyphia, a woman of royal blood and thus full brother of Lynceus, Proteus, Busiris, Lycus and Enceladus. He married the Danaid Scaea, daughter of Danaus and Europe.
* Daiphron, one of the youngest sons of Aegyptus and thus, brother of the above-mentioned character. His mother was called Hephaestine and brother to Idas, Pandion, Arbelus, Hyperbius, Hippocorystes. Daiphron married the Danaid Adiante who also killed him during their wedding night following the command of her father, King Danaus of Libya
In some accounts, these two sons of Aegyptus could be begotten by either Eurryroe, daughter of the river-god Nilus, or Isaie, daughter of King Agenor of Tyre.
# Oxycanus eos

Oxycanus eos is a moth of the family Hepialidae. It is found in New Guinea.
# Oxycanus dirempta

Oxycanus dirempta is a moth of the family Hepialidae. It is found in New South Wales and Victoria.
The wingspan is about 60 mm.
# P-Code (disambiguation)

P-code is an alternative term for bytecode, machine-independent code that achieves independence by targeting a p-code machine, a virtual machine designed for running p-code rather than the intention to emulate any specific hardware architecture.
P-code may also refer to:

## Computing

* Microsoft P-Code, an alternative binary format for Microsoft Windows libraries and applications
* P-code, obfuscated code in MATLAB
* P-code, the intermediate representation of the PL/SQL compiler, also known as m-code
* P-code, UCSD Pascal system bytecode

## Other uses

* Precision code, used in the Global Positioning System
* P-codes, engine diagnostic codes; See Table of OBD-II Codes
* Place code, an address system used by emergency response teams
# Damian Bugg

Damian John Bugg AM KC (born 11 October 1946) is an Australian barrister who served as the Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions between 1999 and 2007. Prior to this appointment, he was the Tasmanian Director of Public Prosecutions from July 1986 to 1999. In 2005, he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for services to the law. He served as Chancellor of the University of Tasmania between 2006 and 2012.

## Biography

Bugg was born in Tasmania and attended school and university in Hobart at the University of Tasmania, where he resided at St. John Fisher College, graduating with a Bachelor of Laws in 1969. He was called to the Bar of the Supreme Court of Tasmania in 1969 and worked for the Hobart law firm Dobson, Mitchell and Allport from 1970 to 1976 as a lawyer specialising in commercial law and litigation, and as senior litigation partner from 1977 until 1986 when he was appointed as the first Director of Public Prosecutions for Tasmania. He took silk in 1994.
Bugg has served as President of the Bar Association of Tasmania, Chairman of the Legal Assistance Scheme and a Member of the Council of the Law Society of Tasmania. He was a Member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration for nine years and is currently a board member of the Canadian-based International Society for the Reform of Criminal Law. He chaired the Electronic Recording Committee which implemented the program of video recorded Police interviews in Tasmania in 1987, and established and chaired the Forensic Science Services Committee in 1988, has written and spoken about Victims Rights, Pretrial Disclosure, Committals and Procedural Reform.
Bugg served as Tasmania's first Director of Public Prosecutions, from 1986 to 2001, during which time he successfully prosecuted Martin Bryant in 1996 for the murder of 35 people and the attempted murder of 23 others in the 1996 Port Arthur massacre. As Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions between 2 August 1999 to 12 October 2007, Bugg determined in July 2005 that there was insufficient evidence on which to base any prosecution of Steve Vizard, granted indemnities in relation to Schapelle Corby, and decided in 2007 to discontinue prosecuting Dr Muhamed Haneef on alleged offences relating to terrorism. At the expiry of his fixed year term in 2007, Bugg was succeeded by Christopher Craigie, SC.
In 1998 Bugg was appointed as a Fellow of the University of Tasmania; and in September 2001, Bugg was appointed to the Council of the university, and served as Chancellor from 2006 to 2012. Upon his retirement as Chancellor In December 2012, the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws (honoris causa) was conferred on Bugg by the university.
Following the 2013 Tasmanian bushfires, Bugg was appointed as chairman of the Tasmanian Bushfires Recovery Taskforce.

## Personal life

Bugg married Jenny in 1971. They have a son and daughter.
In 2003, Bugg was a recipient of the Centenary Medal, and was later appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for services to the law.
# Dana Shugar

Dana Renee Shugar (1961–2000) was an associate professor of English and Women's Studies at the University of Rhode Island, while also contributing to issues in feminism during her lifetime. She died of cancer in January 2000 at age 38. Shugar received her bachelor's degree in biology and English in 1983 from Augustana College (Illinois) and then her master's degree in 1988 and her Ph.D. in English in 1991 from the University of Iowa. At the University of Rhode Island, Shugar became the first department head of the women's studies major.
Besides being a professor, Shugar was an author and advocate for feminism. She contributed to numerous feminist and lesbian journals. She released her first book, Separatism and Women's Community, in May 1995. It focused on feminist and lesbian separatism, which were changes that were happening to women's lives across the nation. The book was nominated that year for the American Library Association's Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Book Award. According to WorldCat, the book is held in 334 libraries.
She was working on a second book involving her experience with breast cancer, but never finished it. In honor of her accomplishments and contributions, the University of Rhode Island has a scholarship in her name. The university also holds an annual colloquium on women's studies in her name that brings up seminars on numerous feminism issues and topics.
# Oxlow Cavern

Oxlow Cavern is a part-natural and part-mined cavern near Castleton in Derbyshire, England. It is situated on the south side of the road running from the A623 at Sparrowpit to the Winnats Pass, west of Castleton, and is almost opposite Giant's Hole on the other side of the road. A few yards from Oxlow Cavern is the connecting Maskill Mine.

## Description

It is a fine "vertical" cave which is dry, deep, and mostly in big passage formed within a mineral vein. Entering via a 17.5-metre (57 ft) mine shaft of small dimensions, which leads down past a mined level, the explorer emerges at the top of a slope in a natural vein cavity. Two further pitches lead down to a col 70 metres (230 ft) below the entrance, where there are two ways on. To the east, a descent continues down into the very large East Chamber, and to the west, the impressive West Swirl Passage leads down at 45° to the base of the fourth pitch and the massive West Chamber. A passage at the far end of West Chamber links through to the bottom of Maskhill Mine. The fourth pitch, which is a climb in the West Antechamber wall, reaches a crawl heading north away from the vein into the New Oxlow Series and the long, very tight and wet connection to Giant's Hole.

## Surveys

* JS Beck, A dyeline printed survey published Hitch n Hike, Bamford, Derbyshire
* (PB Chamber) Cave Diving Group Newsletter #107 (p. 30) Apr. 1993
# Dalian Yuming Senior High School

Dalian Yuming Senior High School (Chinese:大连育明高级中学) is a public high school in Dalian, Liaoning, China. It is known for its specialty on Chinese Science Olympiad, and is highly considered among all senior high schools in China. The school is also known for its annual bonfire night.

## History

Dalian Yuming High School was established in 1998 by former mayor Bo Xilai.

## Academics

Upon establishment, the school continuously developed its specialty in Chinese Science Olympiad, and gained a reputation for winning many prizes and medals in it, which turned out to advance the reputation and success rate when their students apply for autonomous enrollments of famous Chinese colleges, especially those in project 985 and project 211. Some prize winning students were selected to compete in International Science Olympiads.
Yuming is regarded as one of the best high schools in Dalian because of its education quality and overall college enrolment rate, being frequently compared with No. 24 High School.

## Bonfire night

Every year at the end of April, Yuming hosts a bonfire night to commemorate the upcoming Youth Day, and to enjoy the Labour Day vacation in advance. The event usually starts after midday, and ends after dark. It features barbecues, student performance (usually singing and dancing), and ignition of the bonfire by the principal towards the end of the event.
# Dan Gross

Dan Gross is an American public relations and crisis communications professional who wrote a gossip column for the Philadelphia Daily News. His work has appeared in magazines such as Rolling Stone and Anthem, and he published two fanzines, Scenester! and Deal With It in the 1990s. He is a graduate of Lower Merion High School and Temple University. In 2009 he became president of The Newspaper Guild of Greater Philadelphia Local 10. He played bass in the band None More Black and is currently a member of Renegade.
# P. spicata

P. spicata may refer to:
* Philotheca spicata, the pepper and salt, a shrub species
* Pimelea spicata, the pink pimelea, an endangered plant species native to New South Wales, Australia
* Polycarpaea spicata, a plant species endemic to Yemen
* Pseudoroegnaria spicata, the bluebunch wheatgrass, a plant species
# P. surinamensis

P. surinamensis may refer to:
* Propustularia surinamensis, a sea snail species
* Pycnoscelus surinamensis, the Surinam cockroach, an insect species
# P. sinica

P. sinica may refer to:
* Platanthera sinica, an orchid species endemic to the Yunnan Province of China
* Pryeria sinica, the euonymus leaf notcher, a moth species native to Asia
# Daniel Barrera

Daniel Barrera may refer to:
* Danny Barrera (Daniel Francisco "Danny" Barrera, born 1990), Colombian-born, American professional soccer player
* Daniel Quesada Barrera (born 1995), Spanish taekwondo competitor
* Daniel Barrera Barrera (born c. 1968), Colombian drug lord, known as "El Loco"
# Dan Millice

Dan Millice is an American mastering engineer based out of Engine Room Audio in New York City.

## Education and career

Dan Millice was born in North Carolina and graduated from Appalachian State University with a bachelor's degree in music industry studies. He began his mastering career at Masterdisk and then joined Engine Room Audio in 2011 as a full-time Mastering Engineer.
Dan has done mastering work, audio restoration, and remastering projects for a large and diverse number of artists that include CJ Fly, Kirk Knight, Al Green Julian Lage, Nels Cline, Chris Eldridge, Townes Van Zandt, Ann Peebles, Boogarins, French Montana, Xylouris White, Mutual Benefit, Mick Jenkins, Casanova, Ex Reyes, People's Blues of Richmond, Blue Foundation, Cal Maro, Uncle Murda, Landlady, Chinx, The Southern Belles, Kristin Andreassen, Jesse Boykins III, Margaret Glaspy, Flipp Deniro, Tribe Society, Pool Cosby, Yellow Shoots, Mike Liegel, A Valley Son, Little Kruta, JB Andrews, Tan Boys, Crimdella, Tongues Unknown, Holly Miranda, Junior Astronomers, Thaddeus Anna Greene, Lauren Lanzaretta, Midnight Passenger, By Light We Loom, Ray Flanagan & The Authorities, 50 Cent, A$AP Rocky, Mobb Deep, Trey Songz, Vado, Chimaira, Schoolboy Q, Wale, Joey Bada$$, Lloyd Banks, Bryant Dope, Ohio Sky, Nicholas Megalis, Invisible Familiars, Gentlemen Hall, Hella, BOYFRNDZ, Mt. Eden, Feuding Fathers, Glassjaw, Island Twins, Chargaux, Bilal Karaman, Gevende, Eastern Hollows, John Michael Rochelle, Ben Rector, Steve Everett, The Bergamot, Cloudeater, The Gregory Brothers and many others.
# Daniel Schmidt (musician)

Daniel Schmidt is an American composer and builder of American gamelan. He currently teaches gamelan and instrument building at Mills College. He is also a long-time collaborator with composer Paul Dresher.
Schmidt earned a BA in music from Westminster Choir College and an MFA in composition and Javanese music from California Institute of the Arts. He met gamelan composer Lou Harrison in 1975 at the Center for World Music in Berkeley. Together they organized a concert of original compositions for gamelan. Schmidt participated in frequent discussions with Harrison and others that helped inspire his work in both construction of gamelan instruments and composing for them.
Schmidt has built many aluminum and brass gamelan sets including the Berkeley Gamelan, the Sonoma State Gamelan, and Mills College Gamelan.
In addition to gamelan instruments, Schmidt has collaborated with Paul Dresher in inventing and building the instruments for several traveling performances, including "Sound Stage" and "Schick Machine," as well as an interactive exhibit called "Sound Maze."
Schmidt is a gamelan composer in addition to his instrument building work. He says of these two parallel activities, "Instrument building and composing are hand-in-glove activities. I build instruments to meet the demands of the music I write. I operate with a vision which includes both. I dream of a timbre and at the same time I am imagining its musical setting. These two sides of my life are melded together in infinite ways."
An LP album of In My Arms, Many Flowers was released in the spring of 2016 on the Recital label.
# Daniel Schlumberger

Daniel Théodore Schlumberger (19 December 1904 – 21 October 1972) was a French archaeologist and Professor of Near Eastern Archaeology at the University of Strasbourg and later Princeton University.

## Biography

After having been invited by Khan Nasher in the 1960s, he conducted fieldwork at Ay Khanum in Afghanistan as Director of the Délégation Archéologique Française, discovering ruins and artifacts of the Hellenistic period. His written works were included posthumously in The Cambridge History of Iran (1983).
He was an older brother of Jean Schlumberger.
# Lewy Pattinson

Lewy Miall Pattinson (10 March 1852 – January 1944) was an English businessman, who founded the pharmaceutical firm Soul Patts.

## Early life and immigration from England

Lewy Miall Pattinson was born to parents Wiliam Pattinson and Annie Sinclair on 10 March 1852 in Hexham, England. He had three siblings William, Matthew and Annie. Pattinson married Mary Jane Parker in July 1887 in Tynemouth, England.
Pattinson had a background in engineering with the family company Pattinson and Davison, but later gained exposure to the pharmaceutical industry through his brother William, which led him to explore opportunities in this field in Sydney, Australia which he visited in 1881. He bought "Hexham" at Abbotsford in 1900.

## Founder of Washington H. Soul Pattinson

Pattinson returned to Australia for good in 1886 and opened a pharmacy in Balmain known as Pattinson and Co. The firm expanded to include stores in Redfern and North Sydney, and its own in-house manufacturing and distribution facilities.
In 1902 Pattinson & Company bought out his competitor W. H. Soul to expand the business further. The firm was listed on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1903 and is Australia's second oldest public company. Today it is a diversified conglomerate with investments in pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, minerals and financial services.

## Death

In 1944 Lewy Pattinson died aged 91. He was succeeded by his four children William, Mary, Jenny-Ann and Lewy-Norman, and 12 grandchildren.
Pattinson's son Dr. William Frederick Pattinson succeeded him as chairman of Soul Patts. His grandson, Jim Millner and great grandson, Robert Millner, were subsequently chairmen of the company.

## Philanthropy

Lewy Pattinson was known for his community and charitable donations. He donated the L. M. Pattinson Aerial Ambulance which was the first aeroplane in the Royal Flying Doctor Service.
The Lewy Miall Pattinson Scholarship was founded in 1943 by a gift of £5000 from Pattinson and supplemented by a bequest of an additional sum of £5,000 on his death in January 1944, for the encouragement of the study of pharmaceutical science at the University of Sydney.
There is a street named - Pattinson Crescent - in the suburb of Flynn, Australian Capital Territory.