# Ciskei Defence Force

The Ciskei Defence Force (CDF) was established during March 1981 from the 141 Battalion of the South African Defence Force (SADF). It was the defence force of Ciskei, a bantustan that was controlled by the apartheid regime of South Africa. The CDF functioned as part of the 21 Battalion based near Lenasia, outside Johannesburg.

## Overview

In 1993 the total troop count of the CDF was 2,000. The defence expenditure for Ciskei for 1991/2 was R76,883,000 and for the period of 1993/94 it was R99,910,000.

## Organisation and structure

According to Jakkie Cilliers, the CDF consisted of the following:

### Headquarters

Originally located at Jong'umsobomvu (outside King William's Town), however, in 1993 the CDF's headquarters moved to the Parliament Buildings in Bhisho. Jong'umsobomvu retained the following:
* Logistic Depot: including general equipment, uniforms, daily maintenance, rations, fuel, etc.
* Maintenance and Construction Unit
* Training Centre.

### One Ciskei Battalion

The battalion consisted of 900 men and were stationed at Bhisho; it consisted of:
* 3 companies of which 2 had Mamba mine-protected vehicles
* a small support company
* a large Light Workshop Troop and signals workshops which served the whole of the CDF

### Two Ciskei Battalion

The battalion consisted of 700 men and was stationed at Keiskammahoek; it consisted of:
* 3 companies with Mamba mine-protected vehicles
* a small support company.

### Air Wing

Situated at Bisho Airport a.k.a. Bulembu; it consisted of:
* two Short SC.7 Skyvan light transport aircraft for paratroopers and general air transport
* three MBB/Kawasaki BK 117 helicopters
* three Cessna 150 light fixed wing aircraft for communication flights, etc
* two Britten-Norman BN-2 Islanders for personnel and freight transport
* Piper J-3 Cub
There was a special forces/parachute company stationed at Bulembu, the core of a possible future parachute regiment. The Ciskei military band was also stationed at Bulembo and fell under the Air Wing for administrative purposes.

### Auxiliary

The CDF's auxiliary according to Jakkie Cilliers consisted of, quote:
"The CDF had semi-permanent company bases at Alice and Kama/Whittlesea. There are also Auxiliary Services for which the CDF provided training and certain administrative functions. These Services are tasked with the protection of chiefs and headmen. These forces are controlled by structures within the Council of State. There is also a decentralised medical and signals element.

## Ranks
### Officers

| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |
| Ciskei Army vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ciskei Army vte | | | | | Lieutenant general | Lieutenant general | | | Brigadier | Brigadier | Colonel | Colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Major | Major | Captain | Captain | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Second lieutenant |

### Other

| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| Ciskei Army vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia |
| Ciskei Army vte | Chief warrant officer | Chief warrant officer | Chief warrant officer | Chief warrant officer | Chief warrant officer | Chief warrant officer | Warrant officer | Warrant officer | Staff sergeant | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Corporal | Corporal | Corporal | Lance corporal | Lance corporal | Private | Private | Private | Private | Private | Private | Private | Private |

## Equipment

The CDF was equipped for counter-insurgency (COIN) operations. The CDF had one 25 pounder field gun for ceremonial purposes and used R4/R5 assault rifles. The 7,62 mm Light Machine Gun issued was the SS-77. Other armaments included the 40 mm Multiple Grenade Launcher, 60 mm and 81 mm mortars and 7,62 mm Browning.
Vehicles included Mambas, Buffels, Samil 20, seven ton Isuzu trucks and 4x4 vehicles."

## Medals

These were the medals awarded by the Ciskei authorities, primarily to members of the CDF:
* Chief C.D.F. Commendation Medal (Ciskei)
* Ciskei Defence Medal (Ciskei)
* Independence Medal (Ciskei)
* Medal for Long Service (Bronze) (Ciskei)
* President's Medal for Shooting (Ciskei)
* Sandile Decoration (SD) (Ciskei)
* Sandile Medal (Ciskei)

## Disbandment

With the end of Apartheid in 1994 in South Africa, the former defence forces of the Bantustans were incorporated into the newly formed South African National Defence Force.

## Flag

The Flag of Ciskei was located in the canton on a green background. On the green a large golden eagle clasped a lightning bolt.