OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alopecurus myosuroides

Alopecurus myosuroides is an annual grass, native to Eurasia, found in moist meadows, deciduous forests, and on cultivated and waste land. It is also known as slender meadow foxtail, black-grass, twitch grass, and black twitch.

## Description

It can grow up to 80 cm high, often growing in tufts. The leaves are hairless. Leaf sheath is smooth, green to purplish in colour. The leaf blade is pointed, 3 to 16 cm long and 2-8 millimeters wide, green, rough in texture. The spikelets are cylindrical, yellow-green, pale green or purple in colour, and may be 1-12 centimeters long.
It flowers from May to August.

## Weed status

In the UK, where it is known to farmers as black-grass, it is a major weed of cereal crops as it produces a large amount of seed which is shed before the crop is cut. It has developed resistance to a range of herbicides used to control it. Herbicide resistance testing is often needed to understand what herbicides will be effective at treating it. It can occur at very high densities, competing with the crop and seriously reducing the yield of crops such as wheat and barley if not controlled.
The seeds have a short period of dormancy and viability, and the numbers may be reduced by surface cultivation after harvest.
# MxV Rail

MxV Rail (full legal name: Transportation Technology Center, Inc.) is a subsidiary of the Association of American Railroads (AAR) which conducts railroad equipment testing and training for member railroads.
From 1982 until October 2022, AAR managed operations at the Transportation Technology Center (TTC) as part of public-private partnership between AAR and the TTC's owner, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The TTC is a railroad equipment testing facility located northeast of Pueblo, Colorado. AAR formed its Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI) subsidiary in 1998, and TTCI assumed the contract.
In March 2021, TTCI lost the contract to operate the TTC, effective October 2022. In March 2022, AAR rebranded TTCI as MxV Rail, as it works to establish its own testing facility in Pueblo.

## History

The facility operations and maintenance for TTC has been the responsibility of a contractor since July 1972.$^{:89–92}$ Due to reduced funding that threatened to close TTC, the FRA entered a public-private partnership with AAR in 1982, who would take over "care, custody, and control" of the facility. AAR formed its TTCI subsidiary to administer the contract in 1998 and the contract was renewed periodically as a single-source award.
In March 2021, the FRA awarded the operations and maintenance contract to ENSCO, who assumed responsibility for research and development, testing, engineering, and training services at TTC from TTCI starting in October 2022. In addition, ENSCO plans to expand the use of TTC to support more general ground transportation research.
In April, TTCI announced plans to build a new, independent research facility in Pueblo after reaching an agreement with the Pueblo Economic Development Corporation (PEDCO). The new facility would be in the PuebloPlex industrial park (site of the former Pueblo Chemical Depot), just south of the TTC.
In March 2022, the AAR announced that TTCI would be rebranded into MxV Rail, a name based on the mathematical formula for momentum: mass x velocity.

## Facilities

At the PuebloPlex, MxV Rail plans to build a high-tonnage loop for accelerated service testing and curve negotiation loops, along with related infrastructure to support certification testing by the AAR.
# Calcium perchlorate

Calcium perchlorate is classified as a metal perchlorate salt with the molecular formula Ca(ClO$_4$)$_2$. It is an inorganic compound that is a yellow-white crystalline solid in appearance. As a strong oxidizing agent, it reacts with reducing agents when heated to generate heat and products that may be gaseous (which will cause pressurization in closed containers). Calcium perchlorate has been categorized as having explosive reactivity. Ca(ClO$_4$)$_2$ is a common chemical on the soil of planet Mars, counting for almost 1% of the Martian dust, by weight.

## Properties

Calcium perchlorate is a strong inorganic oxidizing agent, enhancing the combustion of other substances that can potentially lead to explosion. The perchlorate ion, ClO−4, has a highly symmetrical tetrahedral structure that is strongly stabilized in solution by its low electron-donating proton-accepting power and its relatively low polarizability.

### Eutectic system

Calcium perchlorate solution forms a simple eutectic system. The eutectic composition of the calcium perchlorate solution is 4.2 mol / 1000 g H$_2$O, very similar to the composition of closely related metal cation perchlorates of strontium and barium.

## Occurrences
### Electrolyte conductance

Electrolyte conductance of Ca(ClO$_4$)$_2$ and double charged metal cations in the organic solvent acetonitrile has been tested. The interest in metal cation perchlorate interactions with photosensitive ligands has increased due to the development of highly specific fluorescence indicators.

## Production

Perchlorate salts are the product of a base and perchloric acid. Calcium perchlorate can be prepared through the heating of a mixture of calcium carbonate and ammonium perchlorate. Ammonium carbonate forms in the gaseous state, leaving behind a calcium perchlorate solid.

## Reactions
### Water

Being very hygroscopic, calcium perchlorate is commonly seen in the presence of four water molecules, referred to as calcium perchlorate tetrahydrate Ca(ClO$_4$)$_2$·4H$_2$O.

### Cyclic hydrogenphosphonates

A hybrid organic-inorganic molecule is formed using dioxazaphosphocanes, eight-membered cyclic hydrogenphosphonates and calcium. Calcium from the calcium perchlorate contributes to the structural integrity of the oligomeric molecule; the four calcium ions are bridged between four dioxazaphosphocane moieties.

## Human toxicity

Calcium perchlorate is slightly toxic to humans, by ingestion or inhalation of dust particles, or (less so) by skin contact.
# Little Jacques

Little Jacques may refer to:
* Little Jacques (1923 film), a 1923 French silent drama film
* Little Jacques (1934 film), a 1934 French drama film
* Little Jacques (1953 film), a 1953 French drama film
# Bendita tu luz

"Bendita Tu Luz" (Blessed (is) your light in English) is a bachata song, the second single released from Maná's seventh studio album, Amar es Combatir (2006). The song features Juan Luis Guerra on the vocals.

## Chart performance

Initially, the song proved to be less successful than its predecessor - "Labios Compartidos" - as it did not gain as much airplay as the latter. Nevertheless, the song reached the top spot of the chart for the week of November 16, 2006, being replaced on December 23 by the smash Ricky Martin hit "Tu Recuerdo". At this point, "Bendita Tu Luz" became Maná's third number-one single on the chart, and their second in a single year.
On January 13, 2007, the song regained its position at number-one ten weeks after its chart debut, which occurred on November 4, 2006. In Venezuela, the song peaked at #1 on the Record Report Top Latino chart.

## Music video

The music video tells the story of how two college sweethearts meet. A young woman begins to gain interest in a young man while the two are in college. She sees him all over campus and he gains her interest. She tries to gain his attention by showing up at a pool where he's swimming and dropping a hair clip on his head, but to no avail. She finally confronts him one day and learns he's blind. After meeting, the two start a romantic relationship, with him showing her how it is to be blind. Throughout the video Maná is playing in a small club with Juan Luis Guerra. At the end of the video, the happy college couple go to the club and dance while Maná and Juan Luis Guerra sing "Bendita Tu Luz".

## Charts

| Chart (2006-07) | Peak position |
| Mexican Airplay (Associated Press) | 8 |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| Venezuela Airplay (Record Report) | 1 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Diamond (Latin) | 600,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Anne Patterson

Anne Patterson may refer to:

## People

* Anne M. Patterson (born 1959), Associate Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court
* Anne W. Patterson (born 1949), U.S. diplomat, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs
* Anne Patterson (artist) (born 1960), American designer, painter and sculptor
* Ann Patterson (born 1946), American jazz saxophonist and bandleader
# Communauté de communes de Saint-Saëns-Portes de Bray

The Communauté de communes de Saint-Saëns-Porte de Bray was located in the Seine-Maritime département of the Normandy region of northern France. It was created in January 1994. It was the first “Communauté de communes” to be created in the region. It was merged into the new Communauté de communes Bray-Eawy in January 2017.

## Participants

The Communauté de communes comprised the following communes:
* Bosc-Bérenger
* Bosc-Mesnil
* Bradiancourt
* Critot
* Fontaine-en-Bray
* Mathonville
* Maucomble
* Montérolier
* Neufbosc
* Rocquemont
* Sainte-Geneviève
* Saint-Martin-Osmonville
* Saint-Saëns
* Sommery
* Ventes-Saint-Rémy
# Allikukivi Landscape Conservation Area

Allikukivi Landscape Conservation Area is a nature park situated in Pärnu County, Estonia.
Its area is 240 hectares (590 acres).
The protected area was designated in 2017, to protect Allikukivi Ancient Valley and its surrounding areas.
# Mustoe

Mustoe may refer to:
* Mustoe (surname)
* Mustoe, Highland County, Virginia
* Mustoe, King George County, Virginia
# S. J. Revich

Stanley Joseph Revich (January 19, 1932 – November 27, 2016) was a Canadian author. He wrote under the name, S. J. Revich.
Revich was born in Toronto, Ontario to immigrants to Canada from Eastern Europe. He attended Harbord Collegiate Institute, and studied medicine at the University of Toronto where he graduated in 1956 with an M.D. degree.
After practicing medicine for thirty years, Revich began work on a series of novels with historical stories about the adventures of Jewish young people in Europe and the Middle East. He authored six books in the series, collectively titled "Tales from the East". The Tales from the East series was published by Bristol, Rhein, and Englander, and each volume sold several thousand copies worldwide.
S. J. Revich died in Toronto on November 27, 2016. His most recent work departed from the Jewish themed work of his earlier novels to explore the more universal theme of humanity's encounters with nature.
# Sarah Smith

Sarah Smith may refer to:

## People

* Sarah Alexander (née Smith) (born 1971), British actress
* Sarah Bartley (1783–1850), British actress who used the name Smith
* Sarah J. Garnet (née Smith) (1831–1911), American suffragist and educator
* Sarah Jones (née Smith), former saxophonist in Cardiacs
* Sarah Smith Lay (18th century), English Quaker and wife of Benjamin Lay
* Sarah Stone (artist) (1760–1844), later Sarah Smith, English natural history illustrator and painter
* Saarah Smith (born 1999), South African cricketer
* Sarah Lanman Smith (1802–1836), American Christian missionary, memoirist, school founder
* Sarah Smith (children's writer) (1832–1911), English children's writer whose nom de plume was Hesba Stretton
* Sarah Bixby Smith (1871–1935), American writer
* Sarah K. Smith (1878 – after 1956), American artist and educator
* Sally E. Smith (1941–2019), British-born Australian mycologist
* Sarah Smith (writer) (born 1947), American novelist of historical mysteries
* Sarah Smith (news reporter) (born 1968), Scottish journalist
* Sarah Smith (director) (fl. from 1991), director of animated feature films Arthur Christmas and Ron's Gone Wrong
* Sarah Adina Smith (fl. from 2014), American writer, editor, and director
* Sarah Christine Smith, American actress
* Sarah Smith, member of British pop duo Same Difference
* Sarah Smith (politician), British Member of Parliament

## Fiction

* Sarah Jane Smith, a character from the television series Doctor Who and the spin-off series The Sarah Jane Adventures
** Sarah Jane Smith (audio drama series)
# Astronomical Netherlands Satellite

The Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS; also known as Astronomische Nederlandse Satelliet) was a space-based X-ray and ultraviolet telescope. It was launched into Earth orbit on 30 August 1974 at 14:07:39 UTC in a Scout rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, United States. The mission ran for 20 months until June 1976, and was jointly funded by the Netherlands Institute for Space Research (NIVR) and NASA. ANS was the first Dutch satellite, and the Main Belt asteroid 9996 ANS was named after it. ANS reentered Earth's atmosphere on June 14, 1977.
The telescope had an initial orbit with a periapsis of 266 kilometres (165 mi), an apoapsis of 1,176 kilometres (731 mi), with inclination 98.0° and eccentricity 0.064048, giving it a period of 99.2 minutes. The orbit was Sun-synchronous, and the attitude of the spacecraft could be controlled through reaction wheels. The momentum stored in the reaction wheels throughout the orbit was regularly dumped via magnetic coils that interacted with the Earth's magnetic field. The satellite also had two masses that were released shortly after orbit injection, to remove most of the satellite's angular momentum induced by the launcher. The attitude could be measured by a variety of techniques, including solar sensors, horizon sensors, star sensors and a magnetometer.
ANS could measure X-ray photons in the energy range 2 to 30 keV, with a 60 cm$^2$ detector, and was used to find the positions of galactic and extragalactic X-ray sources. It also measured their spectra, and looked at their variations over time. It discovered X-ray bursts, and also detected X-rays from Capella.
ANS also observed in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, with a 22 cm (260 cm$^2$) Cassegrain telescope. The wavelengths of the observed photons were between 150 and 330 nm, with the detector split into five channels with central wavelengths of 155, 180, 220, 250 and 330 nm. At these frequencies it took over 18,000 measurements of around 400 objects.
# Anne Pasquier

Anne Vachon-Pasquier (born in 1945) is a Canadian emeritus professor at the Faculty of Theology and Religious Sciences at Laval University, (Quebec) since 2003. Her teachings and research have had focus on the field of ancient Christianity, particularly in ancient Christian literature.

## Education

In 1980 Pasquier earned her PhD at the Université Laval with her thesis L'Évangile selon Marie (BG 1): introduction, texte, traduction et commentaire.

## Contributions

Pasquier has taught several courses, has regularly offered seminars on religious rhetoric and literary approaches in Biblical studies, she has contributed to the teaching of several core courses in religious studies and studies programs alumni and attended summer schools. Pasquier produced educational material that is still in use today and has always been concerned with disseminating knowledge to non-university audiences.
She has, among other things, published more than thirty articles and more than a dozen books as an author, scientific editor of ancient texts or editor of collective works. She sits on the editorial boards of several scientific journals and she has edited numerous thematic issues. She has been a member of the Ancient Christianity and Late Antiquity Research Group and the Nag Hammadi Coptic Library Research Group, both of which have received significant grants. She continues to be actively associated with research through her participation in the Nag Hammadi Coptic Text Editing Project, directed by professor Louis Painchaud.

## Some works
### Thesis

Pasquier, Anne (1984). L'Évangile selon Marie (BG 1) : introduction, texte, traduction et commentaire (Thèse (Ph. D.)--Université Laval, 1980). Canadian theses on microfiche = Thèses canadiennes sur microfiche, 60722. Ottawa: Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. ISBN 9780315128118. OCLC 16039528.

### Books

* Pasquier, Anne (1983). L'Evangile selon Marie: (BG 1). Bibliothèque copte de Nag Hammadi., Section "Textes" (in French). Vol. 10. Québec, Canada: Presses de l'Université Laval. ISBN 9782763769943. OCLC 22380570.
* Painchaud, Louis; Pasquier, Anne (1995). Les textes de Nag Hammadi et le problème de leur classification: actes du colloque tenu à Québec du 15 au 19 septembre 1993. Bibliothèque copte de Nag Hammadi., Section "Etudes" (in French). Vol. 3. Québec: Presses de l'Université Laval; Louvain: Peeters. ISBN 9789068317497. OCLC 33942425.
# Cyril Selvam

Cyril Thamarai Selvam is a judge in Madras High Court.

## Career

Selvam became judge of the Madras High Court when Karunanidhi was the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu from 2006 to 2011. A couple of hours before taking oath as judge, Selvam called on Karunanidhi and got his blessings and this was revealed through a government press release with photograph by the Tamil Nadu government's Information Department.
In an interim order on the petition filed by news reader Mahalaxmi, Justice Selvam blocked the entire website www.savukku.net. This order on 28 Feb 2014 directly contradicts an earlier order by Madras High Court on 15 Apr 2012 against banning entire website instead of specific URLs.
Earlier in Feb, savukku.net had exposed the tapes of conversations between DMK MP Kanimozhi and former Additional Director General of Police (ADGP) Jaffer Sait, and Jaffer Sait and Kalaignar TV's former director Sharad Kumar and DMK President M Karunanidhi's Secretary K.Shanmuganathan and Jaffer Sait.
# OKS Recordings of North America

OKS Recordings of North America is an experimental music label specializing in small releases of noise, electronic, improvised and musique concrète. The label began in 2006 by co-owners multimedia artist Bill Byrne and filmmaker Jonah Goldstein. The artists on the label include The Painful Leg Injuries, The Harmful Free Radicals, El Plan De Aguavodka, Marco Oppedisano, David Lee Myers (aka Arcane Device), BIOS, Barry Seroff, Alex Spalding, and the Unevenness of the Moon's Surface.
The label's launch officially occurred in January 2006, with three podcasts that featured a new weekly track by the artists El Plan De Aguavodka (John Ibarra), The Painful Leg Injuries (label co-owner, Bill Byrne and his wife, cellist Suzanne) and The Unevenness of the Moon's Surface (label co-owner Jonah Goldstein). The Painful Leg Injuries and El Plan De Aguavodka's Podcasts are still running but The Unevenness of the Moon's Surface ended his podcast at the end of 2006.
In 2007 experimental guitarist and composer Marco Oppedisano, wild-jam band Little Ricky's House of Chankletas, joined the label. Also the BIOS project began in 2007 a collaboration between Marco Oppedisano, John Ibarra and Bill Byrne. Also in 2007, the label aired three episodes of a podcast by Jez Stephens before a mutually amicable end of the series. Little Ricky's House of Chankletas also started a podcast in late 2007, that was canceled in spring 2008 when Barry Seroff left the band. Soon after the Barry Seroff Podcast began. Also in late 2007 the label premiered a podcast by noise musician Alex Spalding. As of May 2010, OKS Recordings of North America officially discontinued the weekly podcast series and as of 2015, is now defunct.
# Alliku, Ida-Viru County

Alliku is a village in Alutaguse Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia.
# Carvin (name)

Carvin may refer to the following people:

## Given name

* Carvin Goldstone (born 1984), South African comedian
* Carvin Nkanata (born 1991), American-born Kenyan sprinter

## Surname

* Andy Carvin, American entrepreneur
* Chad Carvin (born 1974), American swimmer
* Jim Carvin (1929–2009), American political consultant
* Louis-Albert Carvin (1875–1951), French sculptor
* Michael Carvin (born 1944), American jazz drummer
# Bravo Sport

Bravo Sport is a sports magazine for young people dedicated mainly to soccer in Germany. It is published by Bauer Media Group and has 72 pages.
In addition to soccer, Bravo Sport also deals with other sports such as fun sports, Formula 1 or US sports. The magazine often contains an extra, such as stickers or megaposters in DIN A2 format. Each issue also includes posters (DIN A4) showing soccer players or other athletes "in action". The cover is usually adorned by soccer players or other top athletes. The magazine also contains interviews with soccer players and other famous athletes as well as insights into private life and the training of the "stars".
Bravo Sport also awards the Bravo Otto to soccer players, athletes and sports teams. The winners will be chosen by Bravo Sport readers.
The magazine appeared in a new look from 14 January 2010 (issue 2/2010). In addition, the lettering of the "Bravo Sport" logo was revised.
Since 2019, the magazine has no longer been published every two weeks, but monthly. The paid circulation is 45,654 copies, a minus of 82.6 percent since 1998.
# Santipur College

Santipur College, established in 1948, is a college in Santipur, in Nadia district, West Bengal, India. It offers undergraduate courses in arts and sciences. It is affiliated to University of Kalyani.

## History

This college was established on 22 July 1948 by local educationists of Santipur and under the guidance of the then Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha Pandit Laxmi Kanta Maitra. Santipur college started its functioning at the Kharjala Garden House of Mr. Atal Bihari Maitra and was initially affiliated to University of Calcutta. The journey that commenced in a two storied building initially with 48 students only. In the session 2014 - 2015 the college had 15 departments and catered to the needs of 4690 students. The college is now affiliated to University of Kalyani.

## Departments
### Science

* Chemistry
* Physics
* Mathematics
* Botany
* Zoology
* Computer Application

### Arts and Commerce

* Bengali
* English
* Sanskrit
* History
* Geography
* Political Science
* Philosophy
* Economics
* Commerce

## Accreditation

Santipur College was awarded B+ grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

## News

Demonstration of students in front of the college against the non-issuance of mark sheet by the college on 31 August 2021.
# Little Junior (album)

Little Junior is an album by the American musician Gary Stewart, released in 1978. It peaked at No. 35 on Billboard's Top Country Albums chart. The first single was "Whiskey Trip". Stewart supported the album with a North American tour.

## Production

The album was produced by Roy Dea. Stewart wrote the title track and "Single Again". "I Got Mine" is a cover of the Ry Cooder version of the 1902 song. Josh Graves played dobro on the cover of the Marshall Tucker Band's "Can't You See". "Honky-Tonkin'" is a cover of the Hank Williams song. The Jordanaires and Linda Hargrove provided backing vocals on the album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Robert Christgau | B |
| The New Rolling Stone Record Guide | |
Robert Christgau wrote that Stewart is "secure by now in his good-humored bad-old-boy persona." The Commercial Appeal said that "Stewart's quavering voice is the type that calls for neon beer signs, cheap checkered tablecloths and either a broken heart or a lusty gleam." The Dayton Daily News noted that "a million-dollar studio can do a lot for a voice."
The Kansas City Star praised the title track, but opined that "Stewart needs to decide whether he's going to sound like an honest-to-goodness honky-tonker or whether he's going to drift into the Nashville-sound trap." The Boston Globe called Stewart's voice "a devastating instrument, drenched with emotion and a dual capacity to convey suffering and boiled-up craziness." The Citizen deemed Little Junior "funky, country-blues [with] tough guitars and fat-back drums."
AllMusic wrote that "Stewart's aching warble adds new dimensions to shopworn generalizations, often evoking compassion for decidedly unsympathetic characters."