OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lambert I

Lambert I may refer to:
* Lambert of Hesbaye (d. after 650)
* Lambert I of Nantes (d. 836)
* Lambert I of Spoleto (d. 880)
* Lambert I, Count of Louvain (c. 950 – 1015)
* Lamberto I da Polenta (d. 1316)
# Lamsenspitze

Lamsenspitze (elevation 2,508 m (8,228 ft)) is a summit of the Karwendel range in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

## Alpinism

The easiest route to the summit is a steep track secured with fixed wire ropes starting at the Lamsenjoch Hut (Lamsenjochhütte) at the bottom of the steep eastern wall of the Lamsenspitze. Also a garden for climbers can be found there.
A second prominent route goes through a Via ferrata of mid difficulty that includes a climb through a tunnel called Brudertunnel or Lamstunnel. The Lamsenjoch Hut is reachable most easily starting from Pertisau or from the Ahornboden as a mountain hike.
There are two crosses at the summit, one of them can be seen from the Lamsenjoch Hut.
# Lamson & Hubbard Trading Company

Lamson & Hubbard Trading Company (also referred to as Lamson & Hubbard Canadian Co. or Lamson Trading Co.) was an enterprise engaged in the fur trading business in the Canadian North during the early 20th century, with over fourteen outposts in the Athabasca-Mackenzie River district in Alberta and the Northwest Territories. The company was in direct competition with the Hudson's Bay Company and they controlled an estimated 10% of the fur trading market in the north by 1922.
Lamson & Hubbard was also engaged in river transportation. This was primarily to service the company's isolated fur trading posts along the Mackenzie River, although the company also offered a commercial service through its wholly owned subsidiary, Alberta & Arctic Transportation Company (incorporated in 1921). Its flagship on the Alberta to Arctic river route was the S.S. Distributor steam-driven paddlewheeler launched in 1920 at Fort Smith, Northwest Territories to service Lamson & Hubbard's posts along the Mackenzie River, all the way to the delta where it meets the Arctic Ocean.
The company made good profits until about 1921 when fur prices plummeted. Lamson & Hubbard had put all of its capital into expansion, keeping a small a liquid reserve leaving it vulnerable to market volatility. On the other hand, the larger Hudson's Bay Company weathered the storm of falling prices. As a result, the HBC was in a position to systematically attack its rivals' territory and business partners, which Lamson & Hubbard lacked the financial resources or manpower to battle back. This led to the HBC buying out all of the stock in Lamson & Hubbard in 1924, including its transportation wing Alberta & Arctic Transportation, giving the HBC a good measure of dominance in the fur trading and transportation industry of northern Alberta and the Northwest Territories.
# Lambert Visscher

Lambert Visscher (1633, Haarlem – after 1690, Italy), was a Dutch Golden Age printmaker.

## Biography

According to Houbraken he was the brother of Jan and Cornelis who became a renowned engraver and travelled to Italy, where he died.
According to the RKD he was active in Amsterdam from 1666 to 1673. In 1673 he travelled to Italy, where he died after 1690, perhaps in Florence or Rome.
# Lake Sylvester (Alpine Lakes Wilderness)

Lake Sylvester is a freshwater lake located on the north slope of the Grindstone Mountain, in Chelan County, Washington. The lake is a popular area for hiking, swimming, and fishing. Lake Sylvester is located approximately 15 miles west of the city of Leavenworth and access is obtained by Chatter Creek Trail #1580. Self-issued Alpine Lake Wilderness permit required for transit within the Grindstone Mountain area.

## History

Lake Sylvester was given its name by Albert Hale Sylvester, a topographer for the United States Geological Survey working throughout the North Cascades National Park Complex around 1900, who named it after himself being a neighbor lake of Lake Alice, named after his wife. Lake Sylvester is just south of Lake Alice.

## Access

The foot trail starts at the Chatter Creek Trailhead at the end of USFS Road 7609 on the north shore of Icicle Creek. Chatter Creek Trail #1580 is approximately 5.5 miles long and travels fairly closely to the course of Chatter Creek. The trail leads past Lake Sylvester and Lake Alice reaching and joining Icicle Ridge Trail #1580 on the north skirt of Grindstone mountain. Lake Sylvester is on the West side of the trail over a ridge forming a cirque for the lake. Lake Alice is further north also on the west side of the trail over a ridge shortly before the trail takes a turn East to join Icicle Ridge Trail.
Campsites are located along the first few miles of the trail until the trail becomes more forested around the bowls formed for Lakes Sylvester and Alice. Self-issued Alpine Lake Wilderness permit required for transit within the Sylvester Lake area and can be obtained at the Chatter Creek Trailhead and the Campground past the Guard station.
Continuing left on Icicle Ridge Trail leads to additional Ladies Lakes, including Upper Florence Lake right after the trail takes a turn left. Lower Florence Lake is further down the slope past Upper Florence lake. To the right (East) of Icicle Ridge Trail is Lake Ida and Lake Augusta.
# Lamé, Chad

Lamé is a sub-prefecture of Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region in Chad.
# Lamé (crater)

Lamé is a lunar impact crater located astride the northeast rim of the crater Langrenus, to the east of Mare Fecunditatis. The eastern crater rim appears overlaid by a series of overlapping craters that form an intermittent chain flowing nearly a hundred kilometers to the south. The crater rim protrudes only slightly above the surrounding terrain, but it has a significant rampart where the rim lies within Vendelinus. In the middle of the floor is a slight ridge, forming a central peak.
On some older maps this crater was called Smith. It was previously designated Vendelinus C before being renamed by the IAU.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Lamé.
| Lamé | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| E | 13.9° S | 66.8° E | 11 km |
| F | 13.9° S | 66.4° E | 18 km |
| G | 15.4° S | 65.5° E | 26 km |
| H | 15.8° S | 68.2° E | 12 km |
| J | 14.3° S | 65.7° E | 18 km |
| K | 13.3° S | 64.2° E | 8 km |
| L | 14.4° S | 68.6° E | 6 km |
| M | 15.8° S | 66.5° E | 13 km |
| N | 12.8° S | 67.1° E | 9 km |
| T | 12.5° S | 66.5° E | 11 km |
| W | 13.1° S | 65.9° E | 6 km |
| Z | 15.9° S | 65.9° E | 17 km |
# List of Manipal Academy of Higher Education alumni

Manipal Academy of Higher Education has produced many alumni from engineering to science to literature.

## Academics

* Annapoorna Kini, American cardiologist and a professor of Cardiology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.

## Art And Music

* Sandeep Mukherjee,LA Based Artist
* Arun Shenoy, Grammy Award-nominated musician
* Nag Ashwin — film director and screenwriter

## Business

* Rajeev Suri, former CEO and chairman of Nokia CEO of Inmarsat
* Satya Nadella, CEO and Chairman of Microsoft
* Anant J Talaulicar, president and CEO, Cummins India Ltd.
* Rajeev Chandrasekhar, multimillionaire entrepreneur and politician
* Devi Shetty, billionaire, cardiologist and founder of Narayana Health

## Others

* Vikas Khanna, Michelin Guide Star Chef
* Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysian orthopedic surgeon and the first Malaysian astronaut.
* Disha Oberoi, popularly known as R J Disha, is a Radio Jockey from Bangalore, India.
# List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 2008 (Japan)

This is a list of number ones on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart in 2008.
| Issue date | Song | Artist |
| January 21 | "Stay Gold" | Hikaru Utada |
| January 28 | "Be Free" | Greeeen |
| February 4 | "Deai no Kakera" | Ketsumeishi |
| February 11 | "Soba ni Iru ne" | Thelma Aoyama featuring SoulJa |
| February 18 | "Lips" | KAT-TUN |
| February 25 | "Anata ga Koko ni Itara" | Porno Graffitti |
| March 3 | "Step and Go" | Arashi |
| March 10 | "Taiyō no Namida" | NEWS |
| March 17 | "Sono Mama" | SMAP |
| March 24 | "Wahaha" | Kanjani Eight |
| March 31 | "Fight the Blues" | Hikaru Utada |
| April 7 | "New Look" | Namie Amuro |
| April 14 | "Kurikaesu Haru" | 244 Endli-x |
| April 21 | "Shuchishin" | Shuchishin |
| April 28 | "Burn (Fumetsu no Face)" | B'z |
| May 5 | "Bleeding Love" | Leona Lewis |
| May 12 | "No More" | Tsukasa Maizu |
| May 19 | "Summer Time" | NEWS |
| May 26 | "Don't U Ever Stop" | KAT-TUN |
| June 2 | "Dreams Come True" | Hey! Say! JUMP |
| June 9 | "Kiseki" | Greeeen |
| June 16 | "Kiseki" | Greeeen |
| June 23 | "Verb" | Glay |
| June 30 | "Ai Ai Gasa" | Tegomass |
| July 7 | "One Love" | Arashi |
| July 14 | "Summer Song" | Yui |
| July 21 | "Love the World" | Perfume |
| July 28 | "Make My Day" | Yui Aragaki |
| August 4 | "Your Seed" | Hey! Say! JUMP |
| August 11 | "Gift" | Mr. Children |
| August 18 | "I Am Your Singer" | Southern All Stars |
| August 25 | "Kono Toki Kitto Yume Jya Nai" | SMAP |
| September 1 | "Truth" | Arashi |
| September 8 | "Secret Code" | KinKi Kids |
| September 15 | "Hanabi" | Mr. Children |
| September 22 | "Hanabi" | Mr. Children |
| September 29 | "Tegami (Haikei Jūgo no Kimi e)" | Angela Aki |
| October 6 | "The Birthday: Ti Amo" | Exile |
| October 13 | "Happy Birthday" | NEWS |
| October 20 | "Love,too Death,too" | Porno Graffitti |
| October 27 | "Akai Ito" | Yui Aragaki |
| November 3 | "Mayonaka no Shadow Boy" | Hey! Say! JUMP |
| November 10 | "Musekinin Hero" | Kanjani Eight |
| November 17 | "Beautiful Days" | Arashi |
| November 24 | "Tsuretette Tsuretette" | Dreams Come True |
| December 1 | "Hakanaku mo Towa no Kanashi" | Uverworld |
| December 8 | "Last Christmas" | Exile |
| December 15 | "White X'mas" | KAT-TUN |
| December 22 | "Yowamushi Santa" | Shuchishin |
| December 29 | "Days" | Ayumi Hamasaki |
# Langenlonsheim Airfield

Langenlonsheim Airfield (or Flugplatz Langenlonsheim in German) is a small airfield in Langenlonsheim, Germany. It has a single grass runway in the direction 01 / 19 with a length of 450 meters (1,476 feet). Prior permission is required for visiting aircraft.
# Lanayrella

Lanayrella is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Acteonidae, the barrel bubble snails.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Tierra del Fuego.

## Species

Species within the genus Lanayrella include:
* Lanayrella ringei (Strebel, 1905)
* Lanayrella vagabunda (Mabille, 1885)
# Landslide damming (Nepal)

Landslides are triggered in Nepal due to a combination of steep mountains and unstable soils. The risk of the landslide is high in the monsoon season due to the lubrication of soil in the slope by moisture. Another important factor triggering the landslide is earthquakes. When landslide occurs near the river, it can block the river causing a damming effect. Damming could also occur due to rock-slides. Such dams are unstable and can cause flooding if not breached in controlled manner. Below is a list of dams formed due to landslides and their impacts in Nepal Annually, 593 natural disaster occurs in average and quite a few of them are related to the damming by landslides and about 13% of fatality is directly related to the landslide and Landslides Dammed Outburst Flood (LDOF).

## List of landslide dams

* 1988 September, Myagdi river: The rockslide in Darbang region of Myagdi river killed 109 people and dammed the river.
* 2012 May, Seti River: The location of dam is about 25 km from Pokhara. The flash flood killed 71 people.
* 2014, Sunkoshi River: 2014 Sunkoshi blockage
* 2015 : The landslide of April 2015 blocked Tom river in Mansalu region.
* 2015, Kaligandaki river: 27 houses were buried and river was dammed for 16 hours by Baseri landslide. The river opened the channel without major damage.
* 2015, Marshyangi river: Gogane landslide blocked the river to accumulate about 150,000 m3 of water. The river opened up naturally.
* 2016, July, Bhotekoshi River: A GLOF event occurred in Tibet triggering flood in Bhotekoshi
* 2016,July, Tamor River: Rockfall blocked the river in Sawadin VDC near Mitlung Bazzar. The obstruction formed a lake about 500 metres long and 200 metres wide.
* 2017, April, Arun River: Nine houses were inundated near Bhotkhola in Sankhuwasabha.
* 2018, September, Badigad river: The river was blocked for 6 hours in Bhimgithe. The dam opened up naturally without threat of flooding.
* 2018, August, Budhi Ganga River: The river was partially blocked in the banks near Dwari in Budiganga Municipality. No full blockage occurred.
* 2020 June, Arun river: The landslide dammed the river forming a lake that was nearly 40 metres wide and height of 5–10 m. The river started breaking naturally.
# List of Palmerston Forts around the River Clyde

Palmerston Forts built around the River Clyde include:
* Ardhallow Battery, Dunoon
* Fort Matilda, Greenock
* Portkil Battery, Clyde
# Lancaster Country Club

The Lancaster Country Club is a private American country club that is located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. This club was the host venue for the U.S. Women's Open in 2015 and 2024.

## History and notable features

The Pennsylvania Open in 2002 and 2007, local qualifying for the 2008 U.S. Women's Open, and many amateur tournaments have also been held at the club.
The course was designed by William Flynn. Wayne Morrison, Flynn historian and author of The Nature Faker, named the Lancaster Country Club as Flynn's first great golf course.
Lancaster has three distinct nine-hole courses named Meadowcreek, Dogwood, and Highlands. The Old Course, which the U.S. Women's Open was contested, is made up of the Meadowcreek and Dogwood nines. In 2007, golf architects Ron Forse and Jim Nagle restored Lancaster's design back to Flynn's original plans.
The club is located outside the northeast limits of Lancaster city, partly in Manheim Township and (across the Conestoga River) partly in East Lampeter Township, both in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.
# Larry Garrison

Larry Garrison is President of SilverCreek Entertainment in Los Angeles. He is an executive producer in film and television, a journalist, an author, an actor, and a publicist who works with magazine shows, print and radio. His company has produced and brokered news stories for ABC News, NBC News and other news media organizations.

## Books

His books include The New York Times best seller Aruba: The Tragic Untold Story of Natalee Holloway and Corruption in Paradise, his memoir The NewsBreaker, and Breaking Into Acting for Dummies. Son of A Grifter: The Twisted Tale of Sante and Kenny Kimes, the Most Notorious Con Artists in America, won an Edgar Award for best Fact Crime book in 2002.
# A. F. Brown

Alexander Forrester Brown (15 October 1825 – 14 November 1910) was a Scottish industrialist who served as a member of the Madras Legislative Council from 1865 to 1867.
He was born in Kilrenny, Fife, Scotland, the son of James Brown and Mary Forrester.
Brown began his career as an employee of Parry before being appointed as a director of the Devalah Central-Gold Mines. In 1880, he was appointed Director of the Oriental Bank Corporation. Brown was elected in 1866-67 as the President of the Madras Chamber of Commerce and was re-elected in 1868.
Brown was appointed additional member of the Madras Legislative Council on 2 December 1865 and served until 1867.
He died at Fords Hotel in Manchester Square, London.
# MVA Asia

MVA is a transportation, planning and management consultant established in Asia since the 1970s. Headquartered in Hong Kong, it operates in Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Thailand, India, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines, Australia and New Zealand. It is part of the SYSTRA group.
Its head office is in the Genesis Building in Wong Chuk Hang, Hong Kong Island.

## History

MVA started in 1968 as "Alan M. Voorhees and Associates", a UK subsidiary of American Transport Consultants, and was appointed to undertake a transport study for Tyne and Wear Metropolitan Council. Brian Martin, who had been Greater London Council (GLC)'s Chief Transport Planner, was appointed as Managing Director of Voorhees' UK operations and after some years the company was renamed Martin and Voorhees Associates in recognition of his role.
In 1983, the management of Martin and Voorhees Associates bought the company from its American owners and the company's name was changed to MVA.

## Services

MVA provides consulting services in Asia region for on traffic engineering, transport planning & management and market & business research, for both public and private sectors with specialisation on:
* Land-use Development and Master Planning
* Transport Planning and Policy
* Sustainable Transport
* Traffic and Highway Engineering
* Rail Planning and Station Design
* Public Transport
* Non-Motorised Transport (NMT)
* Transport Investment Projects
* Transport Modelling and Simulation
* Business, Market and Social Research

## Awards

MVA as Traffic Consultant:
* 2021 RIBA International Awards for Excellence - Tai Kwun - The Centre for Heritage and Arts
* 2020 Quality Building Award - Hong Kong Children's Hospital
* 2020 HKIA Merit Award of Mixed-Uses(es) Building - Tai Kwun - The Centre for Heritage and Arts
* 2020 HKIA Special Award of Heritage & Adaptive Re-use - Tai Kwun - The Centre for Heritage and Arts
* 2019 HKIA Merit Award of Hong Kong – Community - West Kowloon Cultural District - Xiqu Centre
* 2019 Green Building Award - Merit Award - Phase III Campus Development for OUHK
* 2018 Strategic Cooperation Excellence Award - Shenzhen Prince Bay Area
* 2014 Green Building Award - THEi New Campus at Chai Wan
* 2014 MTR Grand Safety Award - SCL 1109 Stations and Tunnels of Kowloon City Section
* 2014 Quality Building Award - The New Campuses of Hong Kong Design Institute & Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education (Lee Wai Lee)
# Basupur

Basupur is a village in Chhatoh block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 32 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, Basupur has a population of 902 people, in 184 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities, and it does not host a permanent market or a weekly haat. It belongs to the nyaya panchayat of Chhatoh.
The 1951 census recorded Basupur as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 417 people (230 male and 187 female), in 98 households and 89 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 329 acres. 4 residents were literate, all male. The village was listed as belonging to the pargana of Rokha and the thana of Nasirabad.
The 1961 census recorded Basupur as comprising 4 hamlets, with a total population of 452 people (210 male and 242 female), in 113 households and 113 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 329 acres.
The 1981 census recorded Basupur as having a population of 519 people, in 115 households, and having an area of 133.34 hectares. The main staple foods were listed as wheat and rice.
The 1991 census recorded Basupur as having a total population of 613 people (309 male and 304 female), in 154 households and 154 physical houses. The area of the village was listed as 232 hectares. Members of the 0-6 age group numbered 120, or 19.6% of the total; this group was 46% male (55) and 54% female (65). Members of scheduled castes made up 36.5% of the village's population, while no members of scheduled tribes were recorded. The literacy rate of the village was 13% (76 men and 6 women). 162 people were classified as main workers (149 men and 13 women), while 20 people were classified as marginal workers (all women); the remaining 431 residents were non-workers. The breakdown of main workers by employment category was as follows: 123 cultivators (i.e. people who owned or leased their own land); 38 agricultural labourers (i.e. people who worked someone else's land in return for payment); 0 workers in livestock, forestry, fishing, hunting, plantations, orchards, etc.; 0 in mining and quarrying; 0 household industry workers; 0 workers employed in other manufacturing, processing, service, and repair roles; 0 construction workers; 0 employed in trade and commerce; 0 employed in transport, storage, and communications; and 3 in other services.
# La Ventana al Mar

La Ventana al Mar (English: The Window to the Sea) on Avenida Ashford in the district of Condado, of San Juan, Puerto Rico is a large public space built in 2004 fronting the Atlantic Ocean. The park is flanked by two of Condado's landmark hotels: to the west by the Condado Vanderbilt Hotel (1919), designed by Warren and Whitmore, and to the east by the La Concha Hotel (1957), designed by Toro Ferrer. The 1.8 hectare public space was developed by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico's Tourism Company, and has been credited as one of the principal motors steering the district's urban revitalisation.
Designed by Puerto Rican architect and urbanist Andrés Mignucci, La Ventana al Mar has won numerous awards for design excellence including awards in the American Institute of Architects Puerto Rico Chapter Design Awards, the Puerto Rico Architecture Biennale, the Miami + Beach Architecture Biennale (Bronze Medal) and the Iberoamerican Architecture Biennale. In 2016, La Ventana al Mar was exhibited at the Akademie der Künste in Berlin as part of the Demo:polis–the Right to Public Space exhibit.
The project includes a large ornamental fountain designed in collaboration with Wet Design of Los Angeles and two public space sculptures by artist Ángel Botello. The park has been the site for music festivals like "La Ventana al Jazz" and weekend markets and fairs.
The public space occupies the site of the old Condado Convention Center built in the 1970s and became one of the components of the controversial Condado Trio project. El Condado was built over decades with private hotels, apartments and high rise condominiums so that access to the beach and view of the ocean was only possible under difficult circumstances. In the late 1990s the three choice properties on Avenida Ashford - the Convention Center and the Vanderbilt and La Concha Hotels were closed and in state of disrepair. The Government of Puerto Rico proposed remodelling the Vanderbilt Hotel and demolishing the Condado Convention Center and La Concha. The Government awarded the project's development to a US-based hotel consortium which proposed to build an all-inclusive hotel and condominium resort at this location. The case became a political issue and was the subject of protests and challenges by the local community, the College of Architects and the Municipality of San Juan. Finally a counter-project proposed by the Municipality of San Juan based on the revitalisation of the two landmark hotels and the creation of a central public space, La Ventana al Mar, was approved and completed in 2004.
# Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler

Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler was a state of the Holy Roman Empire based around Bischwiller. It was formed in 1600, after the separation from Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and was incorporated into Palatine Zweibrücken in 1731.

## History

Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler was partitioned from Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld in 1600 for Christian I, the youngest son of Count Palatine Charles I. The state was partitioned into itself and Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen in 1654. In 1671 Count Palatine Christian II inherited Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and this state ceased to exist.

## List of rulers

| Name | Reign | Notes |
| Christian I | 1600–1654 | |
| Christian II | 1654–1671 | Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld |