OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bradshaw

Bradshaw may refer to:

## Places
### Canada

* Bradshaw, Lambton County, Ontario

### United Kingdom

* Bradshaw, Calderdale, West Yorkshire
* Bradshaw, Kirklees, West Yorkshire, a location
* Bradshaw, Greater Manchester
* Bradshaw, Staffordshire, a location
* Bradshaw Brook, a river in Northern England

### United States

* Bradshaw Mountains, a mountain range in Arizona
** Bradshaw Mountain Railroad, a railroad in Arizona
** Bradshaw Mountain High School, school in Arizona
* Bradshaw Trail, an overland stage route in Southern California
* Bradshaw, Maryland
* Bradshaw, Nebraska
* Bradshaw, Virginia
* Bradshaw, Logan County, West Virginia
* Bradshaw, McDowell County, West Virginia

### Elsewhere

* Bradshaw Field Training Area, Australian army training ground
* Bradshaw Station, a pastoral lease in the Northern Territory of Australia
* Bradshaw Sound, a fiord in New Zealand
* Mount Bradshaw, a mountain peak in Antarctica
* Port Bradshaw Peninsula, alternative name for Yalangbara Peninsula, Yalangbara, Northern Territory, Australia
* Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport, in Saint Kitts

## People

* Bradshaw (surname), people with the surname Bradshaw
* Barbara Bradshaw Smith, (1922-2010) Relief Society president for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
* Bradshaw Crandell, (1896-1966) American artist
* Bradshaw Dive, (1865-1946) New Zealand politician
* George Bradshaw Kelly, (1900-1971) American politician
* James Bradshaw Adamson, (1921-2003) American military leader
* John Bradshaw Gass, (1855-1939) English architect and artist
* Bradshaw (wrestler), (born 1966) the ring name of professional wrestler John Layfield
* The Bradshaws, a fictional family on Piccadilly Radio

## Organisations

* Bradshaw Gass & Hope, an English architecture firm
* Bradshaw International, an American cookware company
* Hamilton Bradshaw, a British private equity firm
* Henry Bradshaw Society, a British publishing company

## Other uses

* 8223 Bradshaw, an asteroid discovered in 1996
* Gwion Gwion rock paintings (former colonial name "Bradshaws"), Australian rock art
* Bradshaw Lecture, a lecture series delivered at the Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Surgeons
* Franklin Bradshaw murder, a 1978 murder in Utah
* Bradshaw model, which describes river mechanics
* Bradshaw's, railway timetables and travel guides named after the English publisher George Bradshaw
# 2011 in Japanese music

The following is an overview of the year 2011 in Japanese music. It includes notable awards, lists of number-ones, yearly best-sellers, albums released, groups established and disestablished, deaths of notable Japanese music-related people as well as any other relevant Japanese music-related events. For overviews of the year in music from other countries, see 2011 in music.

## Events

* May 31 – July 18 – The First Japan Arena Tour (Girls' Generation)
* December 31 – 62nd NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen

## Awards

* June 25 – 2011 MTV Video Music Aid Japan
* December 30 – 53rd Japan Record Awards

## Number-ones

* Oricon number-one albums
* Oricon number-one singles
* Hot 100 number-one singles
* RIAJ Digital Track Chart number-one singles

## Best-sellers
### Artists

The following is a list of the 5 best-selling music artists in Japan in 2011 by value of sales, including sales of records and of DVDs and Blu-rays, according to Oricon.
| Rank | Artist | Value |
| 1 | AKB48 | ¥16.282 billion |
| 2 | Arashi | ¥15.369 billion |
| 3 | Exile | ¥5.603 billion |
| 4 | Kara | ¥4.926 billion |
| 5 | Shōjo Jidai | ¥4.049 billion |

### Albums

The following is a list of the top 10 best-selling albums in Japan in 2011, according to Oricon.
| Rank | Album | Artist | Copies |
| 1 | Beautiful World | Arashi | 907,589 |
| 2 | Koko ni Ita Koto | AKB48 | 829,645 |
| 3 | Negai no Tō [ja] | Exile | 743,242 |
| 4 | Born This Way | Lady Gaga | 658,554 |
| 5 | Girls' Generation | Shōjo Jidai | 642,054 |
| 6 | Checkmate! | Namie Amuro | 484,336 |
| 7 | Super Girl | Kara | 450,595 |
| 8 | Musicman [ja] | Keisuke Kuwata | 414,725 |
| 9 | SMAP Aid [ja] | SMAP | 413,943 |
| 10 | Ikimonobakari: Members Best Selection | Ikimono-gakari | 397,459 |

## Albums released

The following section includes albums by Japanese artists released in Japan in 2011 as well as Japanese-language albums by foreign artists released in the country during this year.
* January 19 – Eight by Do As Infinity
* January 26 – Go by Girugamesh
* February 23 – Musicman [ja] by Keisuke Kuwata
* March 9 – Negai no Tō [ja] by Exile
* March 23 – Brand-new idol Society by BiS
* March 30 – 7 Berryz Times by Berryz Kobo
* April 27 – Checkmate! by Namie Amuro
* June 1 – Cherish by Seiko Matsuda
* June 1 – Girls' Generation by Girls' Generation
* June 8 – Echo by Nothing's Carved in Stone
* June 8 – Koko ni Ita Koto by AKB48
* July 6 – Beautiful World by Arashi
* July 20 – Luv Songs by Che'Nelle
* July 27 – C'mon by B'z
* August 3 – Dum Spiro Spero by Dir En Grey
* August 10 – Baby Action by Scandal
* August 17 – SMAP Aid [ja] by SMAP
* September 21 – After Eden by Kalafina
* September 28 - DocumentaLy by Sakanaction
* November 17 – Fight by Kanjani Eight
* November 23 – Super Girl by Kara
* November 30 – Republic of 2PM by 2PM
* December 7 – Memories by Garnet Crow

## Deaths

* Yoshiko Tanaka dies on April 21 from Breast Cancer.
* Joe Yamanaka dies on August 7.
# Belsize Fire Station

Belsize Fire Station is a former fire station that is now used for private housing. Built between 1912 and 1915, it is a Grade II* listed building, and is situated in the London Borough of Camden. It is located at the junction between Eton Avenue and Lancaster Grove.

## History

Belsize Fire Station was designed by the architects Charles Winmill and Owen Fleming on behalf of London County Council, and built between 1912 and 1915 to replace a previous fire station in St John's Wood. It is built in Arts and Crafts style, in the style of an artist's studio. The building is made of brick with a flint roof, and contains glazed brick arches. The original building contained one bedroom apartments used to house firefighters, as well as a recreation room and separate billiard room.
Belsize Fire Station covers an area of 0.44 acres (19,000 sq ft). In 1974 it became a Grade II* listed building. The Fire Station was in London Fire Brigade zone A, which went as far as Westminster and Hammersmith. Fire crews from Belsize Fire Station were involved in the aftermath of the 1987 King's Cross fire, the 7 July 2005 London bombings, and a 2012 fire in the Taplow Block of flats.
The fire station was closed in 2014; it was one of nine fire stations in Greater London closed in that year due to budget cuts. In 2015, the building was sold for £20 million to an unknown buyer. In 2017, planning permission was given to convert Belsize Fire Station into 18 private flats, two of which had to be used for social housing. The social housing requirement was abandoned in 2020, and the building is now used for energy-efficient luxury flats. The price of the flats ranged from £750,000 to £1.7 million.
# List of people on the aromantic spectrum

This is a list of notable people on the spectrum of aromanticism who have been open about their romantic orientation. The number of notable aromantic individuals is likely to be several times higher than the number of individuals who appear on this list due to fact that many famous people have hidden their romantic orientations.
Aromanticism is a romantic orientation characterized by experiencing little to no romantic attraction. The term "aromantic", colloquially shortened to "aro", refers to a person who identifies their romantic orientation as aromanticism.
Many people on the aromantic spectrum may also identify with other labels such as different sexual orientation or sexual identity, such as asexual, heterosexual, gay, lesbian, bisexual or queer.

## List

| Name | Lifespan | Nationality | Notable as |
| Yasmin Benoit | born 1996 | English | Model, activist, and writer |
| Michaela Coel | born 1987 | English | Screenwriter, actress |
| Sarah Costello | | American | Author, podcast host |
| Julie Sondra Decker (swankivy) | born 1978 | American | Writer, YouTuber, and activist |
| Jaiden Dittfach (Jaiden Animations) | born 1997 | American | YouTuber and animator |
| Connie Glynn | born 1994 | English | YouTuber, author |
| Keri Hulme | 1947–2021 | New Zealander | Novelist, poet and short-story writer |
| Aline Laurent-Mayard | | French | Journalist, podcast host |
| Alice Oseman | born 1994 | English | Author |
| Michael Paramo | born 1993 | American | Writer, academic, artist |
| Jacob Rabon IV (Alpharad) | born 1995 | American | YouTuber, esports personality, and musician |
| Robin Daniel Skinner (Cavetown) | born 1998 | English | Singer-songwriter, record producer, and YouTuber |
| Merc Fenn Wolfmoor | born 1986 | American | Author of speculative fiction |
# Charles Eugène Bertrand

Charles Eugène Bertrand (2 January 1851, in Paris – 18 August 1917) was a French botanist, paleobotanist and geologist. He is remembered for his research involving the formation of coal.
He studied sciences in Paris, where he had as influences botanist Joseph Decaisne and plant physiologist Pierre Paul Deherain. In 1874 he obtained his doctorate in sciences, and was later appointed professor of botany at the University of Lille (1878). From 1881 to 1887, he was head of the Archives botaniques du nord de la France.
In 1878 he became a member of the Société botanique de France. He was the father of botanist Paul Charles Édouard Bertrand (1879-1944).

## Partial list of publications

* Anatomie comparée des tiges et des feuilles chez les gnétacies et chez les conifères, 1874 - Comparative anatomy of the stems and leaves of Gnetaceae with conifers.
* Traité de botanique à l'usage des aspirants au grade de licencié ès sciences naturelles et au grade d'agrégé des lycées pour les sciences naturelles, 1881.
* Recherches sur les tmésiptéridées, 1883 - Research of Tmesipteridaceae.
* Nouvelles remarques sur le Kerosene shale de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, 1895 - New remarks on kerosene shale of New South Wales.
* Les charbons humiques et les charbons de purins, 1898 - Humic coal, etc.
# Common rule awards

Common rule awards are a particular form of industrial award used in Australia to regulate minimum terms and conditions of employment. Awards are the end product of the processes of conciliation and arbitration where an industrial tribunal makes an award in settlement of an industrial dispute. Whereas awards are legally binding on all parties to the dispute which are named in the award, with common rule awards all employers in the industry or occupation covered by the award are bound by it.
Common rule awards were standard in Australia's state industrial relations systems and covered hundreds of thousands of employees and employers. It has long been held that the Australian parliament's conciliation and arbitration power, did not permit common rule awards in the Federal industrial relations system.
In 2003 Victoria referred powers to the Commonwealth, to provide for the Australian Industrial Relations Commission to make common rule awards for Victoria. This followed the abolition of State awards in 1996 by the Victorian Government which stripped more than 350,000 Victorian employees of their award conditions. The question of referral disappeared with the establishment of a national regime of workplace relations through the Workplace Relations Amendment (Work Choices) Act 2005 (Cth), which did not rely on the Australian parliament's conciliation and arbitration power instead being primarily founded on the corporations power.
WorkChoices was replaced by the Fair Work Act 2009, which was similarly founded on the corporations power and not the conciliation and arbitration power. In addition the Fair Work Act relied on a referral from most states under the referral power. The Fair Work Act established common rule awards called "Modern Awards" that are of general application and set out minimum terms and conditions for particular industries and occupations. As of May 2016 there were 122 modern awards of general application.
# Murchadh Ó Madadhain

Murchadh Ó Madadhain (fl. 1347–1371) was chief of Síol Anmchadha.
# Carrying On

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Carrying On is the second studio album by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry. It was released in May 2001 via Columbia Nashville. Certified gold in the United States, the album produced only two singles: "She Couldn't Change Me" and "Cold One Comin' On," which reached numbers 2 and 23 on the Hot Country Singles chart, respectively.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 49 |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2001) | Position |
| Canadian Country Albums (Nielsen SoundScan) | 59 |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 35 |
| Chart (2002) | Position |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 57 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions | Peak positions |
| Year | Single | US Country | US |
| 2001 | "She Couldn't Change Me" | 2 | 37 |
| 2001 | "Cold One Comin' On" | 23 | — |

## Certifications

| Country | Certifier | Certification |
| United States | RIAA | Gold |

## Personnel

According to Carrying On liner notes.

### Montgomery Gentry

* Troy Gentry - vocals
* Eddie Montgomery - vocals
# Caelostomus planulus

Caelostomus planulus is a species in the ground beetle family Carabidae. It is found in DR Congo and Kenya.
# Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run

The Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run is a 100 mile ultramarathon that traverses the Wasatch and Bear River Ranges west of Bear Lake, from Logan, Utah to Fish Haven, Idaho. With 21,986 ft (6,701 m) of climb and an average elevation of 7,700 ft (2,300 m), it is a difficult, mountainous race.
First held in 1999, the run is held on the Friday and Saturday before the last full weekend in September. This normally augurs warm fall days and cool nights in spectacular fall color, hence the run's motto "36 Hours of Indian Summer." In 2006, an unprecedented series of snow storms forced a change to an alternate course 36 hours before the start of the run.

## Rocky Mountain Slam

The Bear 100 is part of the "Rocky Mountain Slam," which a runner completes if s/he finishes the Hardrock 100 plus three of four other races in the Rocky Mountains: Leadville Trail 100, the Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run, the Bighorn 100, or the Wasatch Front 100 Mile Endurance Run. The award is presented at and hosted by the Bear 100 Mile Endurance Run, as this is the final run in the series.

## Course records

Zachary Garner set the men's course record of 17:11:51 in 2023. Kaci Lickteig set the women's course record of 20:27:57 in 2016.
# Belships

Belships is a bulk carrier operator and ship management company, listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. The company has head offices in Oslo, Norway and a management subsidiary in Singapore.
Belships operates three bulk ships of its own and manages 12 ships owned by Elkem Chartering, in which Belships owns a 50% share. Belships operates other ships on bareboat or time charter.
Christen Smith founded the company in 1918 as Skibsaktieselskabet Christen Smiths Rederi, a pioneering heavy lift specialist. In 1937 the company was restructured, the brothers Axel, Frithjof and Jørgen Lorentzen took a controlling share and the company became listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
In the 1960s the company changed its specialism from heavy lift to bulk cargo. In 2018 Belships merged with the Lighthouse companies and the Lorentzen family ended its involvement with the company.
# Characichnos

Characichnos (meaning "score trace") is an ichnogenus of possibly dinosaurian tetrapod footprint. It includes a single species, C. tridactylus, known from prints found in the Middle Jurassic Saltwick Formation of Yorkshire, United Kingdom.

## Description

Characichnos traces were created by a "punting" tetrapod, meaning that the animal was drifting or partially buoyant in a body of water, and touching or pushing off from the ground with the feet.

## Paleoecology

Other fossils from the Saltwick Formation consist of stegosaurian footprints and a caudal vertebra belonging to an eusauropod, nicknamed "Alan".
# Němčice (Kolín District)

Němčice is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
# Murchadh Ó Cuindlis

Murchadh Riabhach Ó Cuindlis (fl. 1398–1411) was an Irish scribe of the Ó Cuindlis family of brehons and scholars. Other renderings of his name have Muircheartach or Murchad, and sometimes Ó Cuinnlis.
He was said to be a native of Bally Lough Deacker (today called Ballaghdacker, in Irish Baile Locha Deacair, in the parish of Athleague, which straddles north Galway and south Roscommon). Ó Cuindlis was one of the scribes of the Leabhar Mór Leacáin ('Great Book of Lecan'), c. 1397–1418, under the guidance of Giolla Íosa Mor mac Donnchadh MacFhirbhisigh. He was later the scribe of An Leabhar Breac ('The Speckled Book') at Duniry, 1408–1411; it is the largest Irish-language vellum manuscript attributed to a single scribe. He is also credited with a third work, c. 1400, known as An Leabhar Ruadh Muimhneach ('The Red Book of Munster') or An Leabhar Ruadh ('The Red Book'), a genealogical work from which material was copied in 1621 by Mícheál Ó Cléirigh at Quin Friary, possibly examined in the 1630s by Antonius Bruodinus at the library of Moynoe, and last seen (by Ó Cléirigh again) on 30 June 1634 at a convent in Thomond (County Limerick). It is not to be confused with the much later An Leabhar Muimhneach ('The Book of Munster') or various other manuscripts called Red Book.
# Alternativ stad

Alternativ stad ("Alternative City") is the Stockholm branch of Friends of the Earth. It was founded in 1969 as a movement against urban renewal in Stockholm city center. It organized a successful battle against police to save a popular outdoor café, "the Battle of the Elms" in 1971, which took out most of the vigour from the renewal project. The group organized some of the first Reclaim the Streets (1970) and Critical Mass (1971, 1991) actions. The group has campaigned against motorways since then, and sponsored European Youth For Action (1984), a SEED (1990), 50 Years Is Enough (1992), and the EuroMarch Against Unemployment (1997) as well as domestic campaigns against privatizations and for the welfare state (late 1990s, early 2000s).
Alternativ Stad was always a troublesome member of the environmental movement since it never highlighted medical or chemical issues or arguments, but always social and cultural, considering itself to be rather a defender of the commons rather than the environment.
# Rüdiger Lentz

Rüdiger Lentz was born in 1947 and serves as a Senior Advisor to Rud Pedersen Public Affairs. Previously, he served as Director of the Aspen Institute Germany in Berlin, Germany from 2013 to 2020.

## Education

Lentz studied political science, history and economics at the University of Hamburg during his tenure as a career officer in the armed forces.

## Career

His career as a journalist started in 1976, when he joined Der Spiegel, Germany's weekly news magazine, as a correspondent for military and security affairs. In 1981 he became a TV reporter, national commentator and presenter of a weekly TV program on world affairs with ARD, Germany's largest public TV and radio station. In 1988, he joined RIAS-TV in Berlin, a joint US-German radio and TV station, becoming editor in chief. He was bureau chief in Brussels for six years, responsible for Deutsche Welle's radio and TV coverage of the creation of the Euro and the enlargement of NATO and the EU. In January 1999 he became Bureau Chief and Senior Diplomatic Correspondent for Deutsche Welle Radio and Television in Washington. As the representative of Germany's only international broadcaster in the United States, Lentz managed its journalistic, public diplomacy, marketing and regulatory affairs. In November 2009, Lentz took over the position as the first Executive Director of the German-American Heritage Foundation of the USA and the German-American Heritage Museum of the USA located at 719 6th Street NW in Washington, D.C. Since September 2013, Lentz returned to Berlin to head the Aspen Institute Germany as their Director. He was succeeded in that role by Stormy Anika Mildner in 2021. In 2014, Lentz was awarded the Lucius D. Clay Medal for his contributions to the German-American relationship.

## Associations

Lentz is a board member of the German American Business Council (GABC) and a member of the Atlantik-Brücke, a German-American foundation aimed at enhancing transatlantic relations. He also held the position of the president of Atlantic Initiative U.S., a non-profit, non-partisan organization founded to promote transatlantic cooperation and strengthen Germany’s foreign policy culture.
# Saron Baptist Chapel

Saron is a Baptist chapel in the village of Saron in the community of Llandybie, Ammanford, Carmarthenshire. Services at Saron are conducted in the Welsh language.

## Early history

Saron was founded in 1810 by Baptists who originally worshipped in a dwelling house in Capel Hendre. They later met in a dwelling house located where the Old Chapel, built in 1814, still stands today. Part of the dwelling house was incorporated into the chapel. The first minister was William Michael from Drefach, Llandysul, and he held a day school in the chapel. Michael died in 1824 and the chapel was without a minister until Benjamin Thomas was inducted in 1832. Thomas came from Cilgerran in Pembrokeshire and was minister of Saron as well as Penrhiwgoch and Sardis, Llanedi until his death in 1858.

## The ministry of T.F. Williams

In 1861, the Reverend T.F. Williams commenced his long ministry at Saron. During his pastorate the chapel was extended and refurbished. Williams took on the pastorate of Ebenezer, Cross Inn, as well as Saron, in 1867. During these decades the population of Cross Inn, renamed Ammanford in the 1880s, grew rapidly as it became a major centre of the anthracite coal trade. As a result, Williams became minister of Ebenezer alone, now a rapidly expanding church, in 1891 and remained until his retirement in 1907.

## Twentieth century

David Stephen Davies was inducted as minister of Saron in 1892 and remained until 1923. During this period Bethesda, Tycroes, was formed as a branch of Saron. The Old Chapel was now too small and a new chapel was opened in 1913. It took ten years to clear a debt of £10,000.

## Later history

Richard Lloyd came to Saron from Caersalem, Dowlais in 1927 and was minister for thirty years until his retirement in 1957. He was succeeded by W. Gwyn Thomas from 1958 until 1965.
E. Lyn Rees became minister at Saron in 1966 and served for over fifty years, until his death in September 2024.