OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Print awareness

Print awareness refers to a child's understanding of the nature and uses of print. A child's print awareness is closely associated with his or her word awareness or the ability to recognize words as distinct elements of oral and written communication. Both skills are acquired in the child's natural environment.

## Measurement

Print awareness is a multi-faceted skill that is difficult to isolate and define. The most effective measures analyze the child's knowledge of letters, print symbols, and reading conventions. To analyze book reading conventions the child is asked to identify the front of the book, identify which page is read first (the left page or the right page). This type of evaluation produces considerable variation among preschoolers (Justice and Ezell, 2001).

## Significance

Along with phonological awareness, print awareness is a strong determinant of early reading achievement (Adams, 1990). Print awareness is included in the preliteracy skills that children entering first grade are expected to have mastered. The first-grade curriculum is designed around this assumption. Children who have low levels of print awareness are likely to fall behind.
Children who come from print-rich homes where they are constantly exposed to adult models are more likely to develop print awareness than their peers. Since print awareness emerges naturally, the influence of the home environment is significant. A number of characteristics of the home environment can be altered to enhance a child's print awareness.

## Interventions

Since print awareness has been identified as an important precursor to literacy, numerous interventions have been designed to enhance the print awareness and preliteracy skills of at-risk children. Many of them focus on storybook reading or joint-book reading. This is a common practice in print-rich homes and some simple alterations of daily routines can have a huge impact on the child's preliteracy skills.
Storybook reading can improve a child's print awareness when the parent (or other adult such as a teacher) uses a technique referred to as print referencing. Print referencing occurs when verbal or non-verbal cues are used to encourage a child's attention or interaction with print. An example of this is a parent asking the child to point to the first word on a page or to ask "Where are the words on this page?"
# Presidents and Prophets

Presidents and Prophets: The Story of America's Presidents and the LDS Church is a book, spoken word album on CD, and direct-to-DVD documentary film of the same title by Michael K. Winder, a member of the Utah Board of State History. All three were published in 2007 by Covenant Communications, a division of Salt Lake City-based Deseret Book. Published during the 2008 presidential campaign candidacy of former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney, they provide historical context for the relationship between the Mormons and the American Presidency.
The book has 43 chapters, one for each president from George Washington to George W. Bush. Each chapter explores the relationship between a President of the United States and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS Church). Political figures, such as Utah Senator Orrin Hatch (a member of the LDS Church), as well as academics, such as the University of Florida's Kenneth Wald, have praised it.
The documentary includes interviews with dozens of experts who share accounts about the interactions between the Mormons and presidents of the United States. Academics such as Columbia University's Richard Bushman participate, as do politicos such as U.S. Senator Bob Bennett and former Senator Jake Garn. The book's author, Mike Winder, narrates.
The talk CD is a one-hour "fireside" address, also by Mike Winder, summarizing some of the more colorful anecdotes in the book.
# Presidents of Chile timeline

The timeline shows changes, both personal or title, of the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile from 18 September 1810 until today, regardless of whether president, vice-president, supreme director, interim or junta.

## Notable

* Presidents died before the end of term:
       Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, Pedro Montt, Elías Fernández, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Juan Antonio Ríos, Salvador Allende
* Presidents democratically elected then resigned or overthrown:
       José Manuel Balmaceda, Arturo Alessandri, Emiliano Figueroa, Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Salvador Allende
* the shortest and longest terms:
       Pedro Opazo (one day) and Augusto Pinochet (17 years)
* Most non-consecutive periods:
       Arturo Alessandri (three times, although his second term is seen as termination of the first term)
# Priyadarshani

Priyadarshani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charitha Priyadarshani (born 1967), Sri Lankan singer
* Deepika Priyadarshani (fl. 1986), Sri Lankan singer
* Lalana Priyadarshani (born 1980), Sri Lankan cricketer
# Private Life (1942 film)

Private Life (French: Vie privée) is a 1942 French drama film directed by Walter Kapps and starring Marie Bell, Jean Galland, Robert Le Vigan and Ginette Leclerc. The film's sets were designed by the art director Raymond Gabutti.

## Synopsis

A celebrated and popular actress once had a brief affair with a man leading to the birth of her child. Her reputation and possible marriage to a film director are threatened by a rival spreading slander about her private life.

## Cast

* Marie Bell as Florence
* Jean Galland as Jean Dorcier
* Robert Le Vigan as Rémi Géraud
* Ginette Leclerc as Ginette
* Blanchette Brunoy as Sylvie
* Claude Amaya as Claudine
* Alfred Baillou as Un assistant
* Brigitte Bargès as L'habilleuse
* Jacqueline Carlier as Une journaliste
* Marfa d'Hervilly as La directrice
* Henri Debain as Le dialoguiste
* Eugène Frouhins as Un ami de Rémi
* Yves Furet as Le dessinateur
* Albert Malbert as Le directeur du journal
* Teddy Michaud as Un ami de Rémi
* Ketty Pierson as Une journaliste
* Germaine Reuver as Madame Pascal
* Philippe Richard as Le directeur
* Roberta as La chanteuse
* Gaston Rullier as Albert
* Georges Sellier as L'avocat
# Procas (beetle)

Procas is a genus of marsh weevils in the family of beetles known as Brachyceridae. There are at least 20 described species in Procas.

## Species

These 28 species belong to the genus Procas:
* Procas alepensis Pic, 1915$^c$
* Procas alternans Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas antoinei Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas antoniei Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas biguttatus Faust, 1882$^c$
* Procas bruleriei Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas cottyi Perris, 1864$^c$
* Procas fastidiosus Pic, 1904$^c$
* Procas granulicollis Walton, 1848$^c$
* Procas lecontei Bedel, 1879$^{igb}$
* Procas lethierryi Chevrolat, 1860$^c$
* Procas levantinus Thompson, 2006$^c$
* Procas maculatus Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas michaelis Thompson, 2006$^c$
* Procas milleri Pic, M., 1901$^{cg}$
* Procas minutus Desbrochers, 1893$^c$
* Procas picipes Stephens, 1831$^c$
* Procas putoni Tournier, 1874$^c$
* Procas pyrrhodactylus Stephens, 1831$^c$
* Procas rasus Desbrochers, 1897$^c$
* Procas rufescens Klima, 1934$^c$
* Procas saulcyi Reiche & Saulcy, 1857$^c$
* Procas semihispidus Pic, M., 1901$^{cg}$
* Procas sibiricus Pic, 1904$^c$
* Procas siccensis Normand, 1951$^c$
* Procas steveni Schoenherr, 1842$^c$
* Procas testaceus Bajtenov, 1974$^c$
* Procas verberatus Scudder, 1893$^c$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Princess Elene of Georgia

Elene (Georgian: ელენე; 1753 – 17 June 1786) was a Georgian princess royal (batonishvili), a daughter of Heraclius II, King of Kartli and Kakheti. She was the mother of Solomon II of Imereti, the last king to have reigned in the Georgian polities.

## Biography

Elene was born in 1753 as the eldest surviving child of Heraclius II and his third wife Darejan Dadiani. The young princess had a love affair with Prince Zakaria Andronikashvili (1740–1802), a respected soldier, who was 13 years older. Opposing the union, King Heraclius forced Andronikashvili into retirement to the Russian Empire and in 1770 married Elene off to Archil, a younger brother of King Solomon I of Imereti. Archil died on 6 October 1775, leaving one son and two daughters behind. Heraclius, watching his daughter plunging in depression, allowed her to wed, in 1785, the love of her youth, Zakaria Andronikashvili. Elene died on 17 June 1786 soon after she gave birth to a daughter, Khoreshan.

## Children and descendants

Elene had three children of her first marriage to Prince Archil of Imereti, one son and two daughters. Their son, David (born 1772), went on to become king of Imereti under the name of Solomon II with the help of his grandfather Heraclius II and stepfather Prince Andronikashvili in 1789. The elder daughter, Barbare (born 1771), would marry Prince David Tsulukidze and end her days in exile in Russia after the Russian conquest of Imereti in 1810. The younger daughter, Mariam (Maia; 1775–1861), was married twice, first to Prince Levan Dadiani (1774–1847) and then to Prince Malkhaz Andronikashvili (1773–1822), becoming mother of General Ivane Andronikashvili of the Crimean War fame.
Elene's daughter of the second marriage, Khoreshan (1786–1833), married in 1800 Prince Zurab (Dimitri) Orbeliani (1766–1827). This union produced five children, among them the poet and general Grigol Orbeliani (1804–1883), General Ilia Orbeliani (1815–1853), Colonel Zakaria Orbeliani (1806–1847) and Ephemia (1801–1849), mother of the popular Romanticist poet Nikoloz Baratashvili (1817–1845).

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Princess Elene of Georgia :
# Prokopyevsk

Prokopyevsk (Russian: Прокопьевск, IPA:) is a city in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Population: 210,130 (2010 Census); 224,597 (2002 Census); 273,838 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

It was founded in 1918 as the settlement of Prokopyevsky (Проко́пьевский) from the existing villages of Monastyrskoye and Prokopyevskoye, and was granted town status and renamed in 1931.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Prokopyevsk serves as the administrative center of Prokopyevsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Prokopyevsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Prokopyevsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Prokopyevsky Urban Okrug.

## Economy

Prokopyevsk is one of the main centers of the extraction of coking coal in the Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbass).
# Processing aid

A processing aid is a substance used in the production of processed food, and which may end up in the finished product, but which is not, by law, required to be disclosed to the consumer as an ingredient.

## Ethical concerns

NGOs, journalists, and food writers have raised concerns that the current laws on processing aids amount to a loophole that enables food producers to avoid transparency, and thereby to deceive consumers as to the contents of their food.

## Jurisdictions
### United Kingdom

Under the United Kingdom food labelling regulations, a "processing aid" is defined as follows:
   "Processing aid" means any substances not consumed as a food by itself, intentionally used in the processing of raw materials, foods or their ingredients, to fulfil a certain technological purpose during treatment or processing, and which may result in the unintentional but technically unavoidable presence of residues of the substance or its derivatives in the final product, provided that these residues do not present any health risk and do not have any technological effect on the finished product.

### United States

Under the law of the United States of America, a substance is legally a "processing aid" and can be excluded from ingredients labels if it meets any of the following criteria:
   1. It is added to the food but later removed. E.g. activated charcoal, which removes certain impurities.
   2. It is added to the food, but gets converted into a substance already present in the food. E.g. a pH adjuster that converts to salt and does not significantly add to the food's salt level.
   3. It is added for a technical effect during processing but is not present at "significant" levels in the food. E.g. a preservative added to an ingredient, like anti-caking agent sodium silicoaluminate in the seasoning of some sausages.
# Prostigma

In flies of the order Diptera, the prostigma (also called stigma anteriore or anterior spiracle) is the anterior of the two pairs of spiracles opening on the pleura. The mesothoracic (anterior) pair is located between the pro- and mesothorax and the metathoracic pair (developed mainly in nematocerous Diptera) between the meso- and metathothorax. The following illustration shows the prostigma as number 13 on the right side of the image. The function of the prostigma (as well as the anterior stigma) is to provide an airway into the insect's thorax to facilitate respiration.
# Prothesis

Prothesis may refer to:
* Liturgy of Preparation, also known as Prothesis
* Prothesis (altar)
* Prothesis (linguistics)
* A form of the custom of lying in repose in Ancient Greece; see Ancient Greek funeral and burial practices
# Prothinodes grammocosma

Prothinodes grammocosma is a species of moth in the family Tineidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1888. This species is endemic to New Zealand.
# Alone with the Blues

Alone with the Blues may refer to:
* Alone with the Blues (Ray Bryant album) recorded in 1958
* Alone with the Blues (Red Garland album) recorded in 1960
# Braakman

The Braakman was a large tidal inlet in the middle of the Dutch region of Zeelandic Flanders, on the south bank of the Westerschelde west of Terneuzen.
It was created by a succession of storm surges in the 14th and 15th centuries, including the St. Elizabeth's flood (1404) and the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421). For a long time the Braakman was a natural barrier between east and west Zeelandic Flanders, and also access to the ports of Boekhoute, Philippine, Axel and Sas van Gent. Over the centuries it steadily spread, drowning at least 15 villages between 1200 and 1601. Then, people fought back. Successive empolderings shrank the Braakman to a remnant, which was finally closed off from the sea in 1952. During the North Sea flood of 1953, this dam proved its worth: it resisted the flood and prevented flooding in the hinterland.
The remaining body of water is used for recreation, and part of its seaward end was made into the Braakmanhaven port area.
51°19′22″N 3°44′16″E﻿ / ﻿51.32278°N 3.73778°E﻿ / 51.32278; 3.73778
* This article about a location in Zeeland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nadia Naji

Nadia Naji (born 2 February 1992) is a Belgian politician and co-president of Groen together with Jeremie Vaneeckhout.
Naji is of a Moroccan family. Before entering politics, she worked from 2017 to 2020 as a journalist for BRUZZ.
From January 2021 until April 2022 she worked as a staff member for Brussels regional deputies Arnaud Verstraete [nl] and Juan Benjumea Moreno [nl]. In April 2022 she became an advisor to Elke Van den Brandt, minister in the Brussels-Capital Region government.
On 11 June 2022 she was elected party co-president of Groen, together with Jeremie Vaneeckhout.
She was selected to be the main candidate for her party in the Brussels constituency for the 2024 Flemish Parliament elections. She was elected a Member of the Flemish Parliament with 6122 preference votes.
Naji married her partner of seven years on 1 April 2023; they had no guests at the ceremony in Karreveld Castle in Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, and honeymooned in Scandinavia.
# Brian Beaman

Brian Beaman (born May 16, 1984 in Mobridge, South Dakota) is an American sport shooter. In 2011, Beaman had won a bronze medal for the men's 10 m air pistol at the ISSF World Cup in Fort Benning, Georgia, with a score of 686.6 points.

## Shooting career

Beaman started his sporting career as an avid archer, until he decided to try out for shooting at his teenage years. He attended South Dakota State University for two years majoring in agriculture, before he transferred to Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Alabama, where he studied emergency management. Beaman eventually became a member of the rifle shooting team for the NCAA Division I, until he was approached by U.S. national pistol coach Erich Buljung, silver medalist at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, to switch from rifle to pistol.
Since 2008, Beaman had been competing at the ISSF World Cup, where he achieved numerous top-ten finishes in air (AP60) and free pistol (FP). He also won silver medals for the 10 m air pistol at the U.S. national championships, and claimed his first ever career title at the 2010 Championships of the Americas (CAT Games) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with an impressive score of 682.3 points (580 in the preliminary rounds and 102.3 in the final).
Beaman also qualified for the men's 10 m air pistol at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by placing second from the U.S. Olympic Team Trials in Fort Benning, Georgia. He had finished on exactly the same score of 682.0 points (581 in the preliminary rounds and 101 in the final), as his teammate Jason Turner, but lost in a shoot-off by two tenths of a point (0.2) for a bonus of 10.3. Beaman initially placed fifth in this event, but was upgraded to a higher position, when North Korea's Kim Jong-Su tested positive for propranolol, and consequently, stripped of his bronze medal.
# Fakhraly

Fakhraly may refer to:
* Fərəhli, Azerbaijan
* Fəxralı, Azerbaijan
# Matthew Gregory (attorney)

Matthew Theodore Gregory (born October 29, 1968) is a former Attorney General of the Northern Mariana Islands. He was appointed in January 2006 and served until 27 September 2008. After Gregory's departure, he was succeeded as acting Attorney General by Deputy Attorney General Gregory Baka for nearly eleven months. Eventually, Assistant Attorney General Edward Taylor Buckingham, III was confirmed as Attorney General on August 14, 2009.
# List of ship commissionings in 1891

The list of ship commissionings in 1891 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1891.
| | Operator | Ship | Class and type |
| 17 April | United States Navy | Chicago | Protected cruiser |
| 18 April | French Navy | Marceau | Marceau-class ironclad |
| 30 June | Norway | Kommandøren | Passenger/cargo ship |
| 30 June | Royal Navy | Nile | Trafalgar-class battleship |
| 8 July | Royal Navy | San Pareil | Victoria-class battleship |
# 1993 Air Canada Cup

The 1993 Air Canada Cup was Canada's 15th annual national midget 'AAA' hockey championship, which was played April 19 – 25, 1993 at the Kitchener Memorial Auditorium Complex in Kitchener, Ontario. The Yorkton Mallers from Saskatchewan won the gold medal with a 5-4 overtime victory over the Gouverneurs de Ste-Foy. The Sault Ste. Marie Legion took the bronze medal. Marty Turco of Sault Ste. Marie was named the Top Goaltender of the tournament.

## Teams

| Result | Team | Region | City |
| | Yorkton Mallers | West | Yorkton, SK |
| | Gouverneurs de Ste-Foy | Quebec | Ste-Foy, QC |
| | Sault Ste. Marie Legion | Central | Sault Ste. Marie, ON |
| 4 | Calgary Northstars | Pacific | Calgary, AB |
| 5 | Fredericton Canadiens | Atlantic | Fredericton, NB |
| 6 | Kitchener Greenshirts | Host | Kitchener, ON |

## Round robin
### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | D | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 1 | Gouverneurs de Ste-Foy | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 10 | +7 | 8 |
| 2 | Sault Ste. Marie Legion | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 20 | 11 | +9 | 8 |
| 3 | Yorkton Mallers | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 18 | 16 | +2 | 5 |
| 4 | Calgary Northstars | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 19 | 27 | −8 | 4 |
| 5 | Fredericton Canadiens | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 22 | 18 | +4 | 4 |
| 6 | Kitchener Greenshirts | 5 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 25 | −14 | 1 |

### Scores

* Kitchener 2 - Ste-Foy 2
* Sault Ste. Marie 3 - Yorkton 2
* Calgary 6 - Fredericton 5
* Yorkton 3 - Kitchener 1
* Ste-Foy 3 - Sault Ste. Marie 2
* Calgary 5 - Kitchener 4
* Sault Ste. Marie 3 - Fredericton 2
* Ste-Foy 3 - Yorkton 0
* Fredericton 7 - Kitchener 1
* Sault Ste. Marie 4 - Calgary 1
* Yorkton 8 - Calgary 4
* Ste-Foy 3 - Fredericton 3
* Sault Ste. Marie 8 - Kitchener 3
* Ste-Foy 6 - Calgary 3
* Fredericton 5 - Yorkton 5

## Playoffs
### Semi-final

* (2) Yorkton 4 - (3) Sault Ste. Marie 1

### Gold-medal game

* (2) Yorkton 5 - (1) Ste-Foy 4 OT

## Individual awards

* Most Valuable Player: Martin Chouinard (Ste-Foy)
* Top Scorer: David Reynolds (Fredericton)
* Top Forward: David Reynolds (Fredericton)
* Top Defenceman: Jim Drolet (Ste-Foy)
* Top Goaltender: Marty Turco (Sault Ste. Marie)
* Most Sportsmanlike Player: Jeremy Rebek (Sault Ste. Marie)
# 1993 Alamo Bowl

The 1993 Alamo Bowl was the inaugural edition of the college football bowl game and featured the California Golden Bears of the Pacific-10 Conference and the Iowa Hawkeyes of the Big Ten Conference.
Part of the 1993–94 bowl schedule, it was played on New Year's Eve at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. Held on Friday night, it was televised by ESPN and kicked off shortly after 8:30 p.m. CST. Favored California won in a rout, 37–3.

## Teams

The bowl had planned to feature the third place team from the Texas-based Southwest Conference (SWC) against the fourth place team from the Pacific-10 Conference.
However, only two of the SWC's eight teams (Texas A&M and Texas Tech) reached the necessary six wins for bowl eligibility, and those teams were committed to the Cotton Bowl and the Hancock Bowl (Sun Bowl), respectively. Texas had played a rigorous non-conference schedule, going 0–3–1, and finished with an ineligible 5–5–1 record.
Bowl officials subsequently invited Iowa, who had finished eighth in the Big Ten, but won their final four games for a bowl-eligible 6–5 record.
Washington finished fourth in the Pac-10 with a conference record of 5–3, but was ineligible, due to conference sanctions. California and Arizona State were tied behind Washington, with 4–4 conference records. Bowl officials unanimously decided to invite California (8–4) over the Sun Devils (6–5).

## Game summary

Cal placekicker Doug Brien connected on field goals of 37 and 20 yards in the first quarter, as Cal took a 6–0 lead at the end of the first quarter. In the second quarter, Brien's third field goal, a 30 yarder gave Cal a 9–0 lead. Cal quarterback Dave Barr threw a 6-yard touchdown pass to Mike Caldwell as Cal went up 16–0. A 61-yard interception return by linebacker Jerrot Willard gave Cal a 23–0 lead at halftime.
In the third quarter, Iowa's Brion Hurley kicked a 42-yard field goal to get the Hawkeyes on the scoreboard at 23–3. Barr threw a 34-yard touchdown pass to Iheanyi Uwaezuoke to take a 30–3 lead after three quarters. He added a 12-yard touchdown pass to Brian Remington in the fourth quarter to extend the lead to 37–3, the final score.
With the win, California improved to 9–4 and was ranked #25 in the final AP poll.