# List of Formica species

This is a list of the extant and extinct (†) species in the genus Formica which includes wood ants, mound ants, & field ants.

## Valid Formica species

* Formica accreta Francoeur, 1973
* Formica adamsi Wheeler, 1909
* Formica adelungi Forel, 1904
* Formica aegyptiaca Fabricius, 1775
* Formica aerata Francoeur, 1973
* †Formica alsatica Theobald, 1937
* Formica altayensis Xia & Zheng, 1997
* Formica altipetens Wheeler, 1913
* Formica anatolica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
* †Formica annosa LaPolla & Greenwalt, 2015
* Formica approximans Wheeler, 1933
* Formica aquilonia Yarrow, 1955
* †Formica arcana Scudder, 1877
* Formica archboldi Smith, 1944
* Formica argentea Wheeler, 1912
* Formica aserva Forel, 1901
* Formica aseta Chang & He, 2002
* Formica aterrima Cresson, 1865
* †Formica auxillacensis Piton, 1935
* †Formica bauckhorni Meunier, 1915
* Formica beijingensis Wu, 1990
* †Formica biamoensis Dlussky et al., 2015
* Formica biophilica Trager et al., 2007
* Formica bradleyi Wheeler, 1913
* Formica breviscapa Chang & He, 2002
* Formica browni Francoeur, 1973
* Formica bruni Kutter, 1967
* †Formica buphthalma Novak, 1878
* Formica californica (Creighton, 1950)
* Formica calviceps Cole, 1954
* Formica canadensis Santschi, 1914
* Formica candida Smith, 1878
* †Formica cantalica Piton, 1935
* †Formica ceps Zhang, 1989
* Formica ciliata Mayr, 1886
* Formica cinerea Mayr, 1853
* Formica cinereofusca Karavaiev, 1929
* Formica clara Forel, 1886
* Formica clarissima Emery, 1925
* †Formica cockerelli Carpenter, 1930
* Formica coloradensis Creighton, 1940
* Formica comata Wheeler, 1909
* Formica corsica Seifert, 2002
* Formica creightoni Buren, 1968
* Formica criniventris Wheeler, 1912
* Formica cunicularia Latreille, 1798
* Formica curiosa Creighton, 1935
* Formica dachaidanensis Chang & He, 2002
* Formica dakotensis Emery, 1893
* Formica decipiens Bondroit, 1918
* Formica delinghaensis Chang & He, 2002
* †Formica demersa Heer, 1850
* Formica densiventris Viereck, 1903
* Formica difficilis Emery, 1893
* Formica dirksi Wing, 1949
* Formica dolosa Buren, 1944
* Formica dusmeti Emery, 1909
* Formica elongata Fabricius, 1787
* Formica emeryi Wheeler, 1913
* †Formica eoptera Cockerell, 1923
* Formica exsecta Nylander, 1846
* Formica exsectoides Forel, 1886
* Formica fennica Seifert, 2000
* Formica ferocula Wheeler, 1913
* †Formica flavifemoralis Zhang et al., 1994
* †Formica flori Mayr, 1868
* Formica foreliana Wheeler, 1913
* Formica forsslundi Lohmander, 1949
* Formica fossaceps Buren, 1942
* Formica francoeuri Bolton, 1995
* Formica frontalis Santschi, 1919
* Formica fukaii Wheeler, 1914
* Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758
* Formica fuscocinerea Forel, 1874
* Formica gagates Latreille, 1798
* Formica gagatoides Ruzsky, 1904
* Formica georgica Seifert, 2002
* Formica gerardi Bondroit, 1917
* †Formica gibbosa Presl, 1822
* Formica glabridorsis Santschi, 1925
* Formica glacialis Wheeler, 1908
* †Formica globiventris Heer, 1850
* Formica gnava Buckley, 1866
* †Formica grandis Carpenter, 1930
* Formica gravelyi Mukerjee, 1930
* †Formica gravida Heer, 1850
* †Formica gustawi Dlussky, 2002
* Formica gynocrates Snelling & Buren, 1985
* Formica hayashi Terayama & Hashimoto, 1996
* †Formica heteroptera Cockerell, 1920
* Formica hewitti Wheeler, 1917
* †Formica horrida Wheeler, 1915
* †Formica immersa Heer, 1850
* Formica impexa Wheeler, 1905
* Formica incerta Buren, 1944
* Formica indianensis Cole, 1940
* Formica insultans Forskal, 1775
* Formica integra Nylander, 1856
* Formica integroides Wheeler, 1913
* Formica japonica Motschoulsky, 1866
* Formica kashmirica Stärcke, 1935
* Formica knighti Buren, 1944
* Formica kozlovi Dlussky, 1965
* Formica kupyanskayae Bolton, 1995
* †Formica kutscheri Dlussky, 2008
* Formica laeviceps Creighton, 1940
* Formica lasioides Emery, 1893
* †Formica latinodosa Theobald, 1937
* †Formica lavateri Heer, 1850
* Formica lemani Bondroit, 1917
* Formica lepida Wheeler, 1913
* Formica limata Wheeler, 1913
* †Formica linquensis Zhang, 1989
* Formica liogaster Chang & He, 2002
* Formica liopthalma Chang & He, 2002
* Formica litoralis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1926
* †Formica longicollis Heer, 1850
* Formica longipilosa Francoeur, 1973
* †Formica lucida Giebel, 1856
* Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838
* †Formica luteola Presl, 1822
* †Formica macrognatha Presl, 1822
* †Formica macrophthalma Heer, 1850
* †Formica maculipennis Theobald, 1935
* Formica manchu Wheeler, 1929
* Formica manni Wheeler, 1913
* †Formica martynovi Popov, 1933
* Formica mesasiatica Dlussky, 1964
* Formica microgyna Wheeler, 1903
* Formica microphthalma Francoeur, 1973
* Formica minocca Chang & He, 2002
* Formica moki Wheeler, 1906
* Formica montana Wheeler, 1910
* Formica morsei Wheeler, 1906
* Formica mucescens Wheeler, 1913
* Formica mutinensis (Canestrini, 1873)
* Formica neoclara Emery, 1893
* Formica neogagates Viereck, 1903
* Formica neorufibarbis Emery, 1893
* Formica nepticula Wheeler, 1905
* Formica nevadensis Wheeler, 1904
* Formica nigra Presl, 1822
* Formica nigropratensis Betrem, 1962
* †Formica obscura Heer, 1849
* Formica obscuripes Forel, 1886
* Formica obscuriventris Mayr, 1870
* Formica obsidiana Emery, 1923
* Formica obtecta Heer, 1850
* Formica obtusopilosa Emery, 1893
* Formica occulta Francoeur, 1973
* Formica opaciventris Emery, 1893
* Formica orangea Seifert & Schultz, 2009
* †Formica orbata Heer, 1850
* Formica oreas Wheeler, 1903
* Formica oregonensis Cole, 1938
* †Formica ovala Zhang, 1989
* Formica pachucana Francoeur, 1973
* Formica pacifica Francoeur, 1973
* †Formica palaeopolonica Dlussky, 2008
* †Formica paleosibirica Dlussky et al., 2015
* Formica pallidefulva Latreille, 1802
* Formica pamirica Dlussky, 1965
* Formica paralugubris Seifert, 1996
* †Formica parexsecta Dlussky & Putyatina, 2014
* †Formica parvula Presl, 1822
* Formica pergandei Emery, 1893
* Formica perpilosa Wheeler, 1913
* Formica persica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
* †Formica phaethusa Wheeler, 1915
* Formica picea Nylander, 1846
* Formica pisarskii Dlussky, 1964
* †Formica pitoni Theobald, 1935
* Formica planipilis Creighton, 1940
* Formica podzolica Francoeur, 1973
* Formica polyctena Foerster, 1850
* Formica postoculata Kennedy & Dennis, 1937
* Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783
* Formica pressilabris Nylander, 1846
* †Formica primitiva Heer, 1850
* †Formica primordialis Heer, 1850
* †Formica procera Heer, 1850
* Formica prociliata Kennedy & Dennis, 1937
* Formica propatula Francoeur, 1973
* Formica propinqua Creighton, 1940
* Formica puberula Emery, 1893
* †Formica pulchella Heer, 1850
* Formica pulla Francoeur, 1973
* Formica pyrenaea Bondroit, 1918
* †Formica quadrata Holl, 1829
* Formica querquetulana Kennedy & Davis, 1937
* †Formica radchenkoi Dlussky, 2008
* Formica ravida Creighton, 1940
* Formica reflexa Buren, 1942
* Formica retecta Francoeur, 1973
* †Formica robusta Carpenter, 1930
* Formica rubicunda Emery, 1893
* Formica rufa Linnaeus, 1761 (Type species)
* Formica rufibarbis Fabricius, 1793
* Formica ruficornis Gmelin, 1790
* Formica rufolucida Collingwood, 1962
* Formica sanguinea Latreille, 1798
* Formica scitula Wheeler, 1913
* Formica selysi Bondroit, 1918
* Formica sentschuensis Ruzsky, 1915
* †Formica sepulta Theobald, 1937
* †Formica serresi Theobald, 1937
* †Formica seuberti Heer, 1850
* Formica sibylla Wheeler, 1913
* Formica sinensis Wheeler, 1913
* Formica spatulata Buren, 1944
* †Formica strangulata Wheeler, 1915
* Formica strenua Haliday, 1836
* Formica subaenescens Emery, 1893
* Formica subcyanea Wheeler, 1913
* Formica subelongata Francoeur, 1973
* Formica subintegra Wheeler, 1908
* Formica subnitens Creighton, 1940
* Formica subpilosa Ruzsky, 1902
* Formica subpolita Mayr, 1886
* Formica subsericea Say, 1836
* Formica suecica Adlerz, 1902
* †Formica surinamensis Berendt, 1830
* Formica talbotae Wilson, 1977
* Formica tarimica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
* Formica tianshanica Seifert & Schultz, 2009
* Formica transmontanis Francoeur, 1973
* Formica triangularis Say, 1836
* †Formica trigona Presl, 1822
* †Formica tripartita Theobald, 1937
* Formica truncorum Fabricius, 1804
* Formica ulkei Emery, 1893
* †Formica ungeri Heer, 1850
* Formica uralensis Ruzsky, 1895
* Formica villiscapa Chang & He, 2002
* Formica vinculans Wheeler, 1913
* Formica wheeleri Creighton, 1935
* Formica wongi Wu, 1990
* Formica xerophila Smith, 1939
* Formica yessensis Wheeler, 1913
* Formica yoshiokae Wheeler, 1933
* †Formica zherikhini Dlussky, 2008

## Synonyms

A number of described species have been synonymized into other species as jr synonyms
* Formica cinerea - Senior synonym of Formica balcanica Petrov & Collingwood, 1993, Formica imitans Ruzsky, 1902, Formica lefrancoisi Bondroit, 1918, and Formica subrufoides Forel, 1913
* †Formica flori - Senior synonym to †Formica antiqua Dlussky, 1967, †Formica baltica Dlussky, 1967, †Formica egecomerta Özdikmen, 2010, and †Formica parvula Dlussky, 2002
* Formica foreli - Senior synonym to Formica goesswaldi Kutter, 1967, Formica naefi Kutter, 1957, and Formica tamarae Dlussky, 1964
* Formica forsslundi - Senior synonym to Formica brunneonitida Dlussky, 1964, Formica fossilabris Dlussky, 1965, and Formica nemoralis Dlussky, 1964
* †Lasius globularis - Senior synonym to †Formica capito Heer, 1867
* Formica manchu - Senior synonym to Formica dlusskyi Bolton, 1995
* Formica pallidefulva - Senior synonym to Formica nitidiventris Emery, 1893, Formica schaufussi Mayr, 1866, and Formica succinea Wheeler, 1904
* †Formica phaethusa - Senior synonym to †Formica clymene Wheeler, 1915
* Formica ravida - Senior synonym to Formica haemorrhoidalis Creighton, 1940 and Formica rufa tahoensis Creighton, 1940
* †Formica ungeri - Senior synonym to †Formica acuminata Heer, 1849, †Formica aemula Heer, 1867, †Formica kollari Heer, 1867, and †Formica oblita Heer, 1867
* Formica pressilabris - Senior synonym to Formica rufomaculata Ruzsky, 1895 & Formica tamarae Dlussky, 1964
* Formica selysi - Senior synonym to Formica torrentium Bernard, 1967

## Moved

Some species were originally described as species of Formica, but later moved to different genera
* †Formica atavina Heer, 1849 - current combination †Ponerites atavinus
* †Formica gracilis Heer, 1867 - current combination †Ponerites gracilior
* †Formica longiventris Heer, 1850 - current combination †Casaleia longiventris
* †Formica macrocephala Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius ophthalmicus
* †Formica ocella Heer, 1850 - current combination †Emplastus ocellus
* †Formica ophthalmica Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius ophthalmicus
* †Formica pumila Heer, 1850 - current combination †Lasius occultatus
* Formica subrufa Roger, 1859 - current combination Iberoformica subrufa

## Unidentifiable

A number of species described in the genus have subsequently been determined as unidentifiable to the genus
* Formica abdominalis Latreille, 1802
* Formica amyoti Le Guillou, 1842
* Formica aequalis Walker, 1871
* Formica affinis Leach, 1825
* Formica albipennis Fabricius, 1793
* Formica arenicola Buckley, 1866
* Formica atra Schilling, 1839
* Formica bicolor Leach, 1825
* Formica chufejif Forskal, 1775
* Formica conica Fabricius, 1798
* Formica connecticutensis Buckley, 1866
* Formica didyma Fabricius, 1782
* Formica dislocata Say, 1836
* Formica elevata Fabricius, 1782
* Formica fatale Christ, 1791
* Formica foetens Olivier, 1792
* †Formica fragilis Heer, 1867
* Formica fuscescens Gmelin, 1790
* Formica fuscicauda Motschoulsky, 1863
* Formica glabra Gmelin, 1790
* Formica hirta Gravenhorst, 1807
* Formica incisa Smith, 1858
* Formica inequalis Lowne, 1865
* Formica lincecumii Buckley, 1866
* Formica lutea Dumeril, 1860
* Formica maculata Geoffroy, 1785
* Formica malabarica Schrank, 1837
* Formica maligna Forskal, 1775
* Formica maxillosa Fabricius, 1775
* Formica melanophthalma Reich, 1793
* Formica melanopis Gmelin, 1790
* Formica minuta Lowne, 1865
* Formica molestans Latreille, 1802
* Formica nana Latreille, 1802
* Formica nitida Razoumowsky, 1789
* Formica nortonii Buckley, 1866
* Formica novaeanglae Buckley, 1866
* Formica obsoleta Linnaeus, 1758
* †Formica obvoluta Heer, 1850
* Formica occidentalis Buckley, 1866
* †Formica oculata Heer, 1850
* Formica omnivora Linnaeus, 1758
* Formica ovata Reich, 1793
* Formica pallidelutea Latreille, 1802
* Formica pallipes Latreille, 1787
* Formica phyllophila Jerdon, 1851
* Formica picipes Reich, 1793
* Formica politurata Buckley, 1866
* Formica quadrinotata Losana, 1834
* Formica rediana Leach, 1825
* Formica rostrata Fabricius, 1787
* Formica rubescens Leach, 1825
* Formica ruficeps Motschoulsky, 1863
* Formica rupestris Leach, 1825
* Formica saccharivora Linnaeus, 1758
* Formica saxicola Buckley, 1866
* Formica schardj Forskal, 1775
* Formica siamicarubra Christ, 1791
* Formica subpicea Motschoulsky, 1863
* Formica subspinosa Buckley, 1866
* Formica tenuissima Buckley, 1866
* Formica testacea Gmelin, 1790
* Formica testaceipes Leach, 1825
* Formica thoracica Olivier, 1792
* Formica tomentosa Reich, 1793
* Formica vagans Fabricius, 1793
* Formica venosa Gmelin, 1790
* Formica virginiana Buckley, 1866

## Miscellaneous

* Formica fuliginothorax Blacker, 1992 is considered an unavailable name, due to the type description not designating any type specimens.