OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kittatinny Formation

The Ordovician Kittatinny Formation or Kittatinny Limestone is a dolomitic limestone formation in New Jersey. The Kittatinny Limestones are located primarily in the Kittatinny Valley where it lies above the Ordovician Martinsburg Formation within the long valley running from Picatinny Arsenal in Rockaway Township, southwest toward Chester Township. It overlies the Cambrian Hardyston Quartzite.
The Kittatinny is now usually considered a Supergroup, rather than a Formation, as it includes several other Groups and Formations. Drake and Lyttle made this revision in 1980. The Supergroup includes the Leithsville Formation, Allentown Dolomite, and Beekmantown Group (which in turn includes the Stonehenge Limestone, Rickenbach Dolomite, Epler Formation, and Ontelaunee Formation). Richard Dalton wrote a more recent review of the stratigraphy of the Kittatinny.
The Kittatinny Limestone in New Jersey locally contains hydrocarbons and numerous accessory minerals including fluorite, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, galena, quartz, albite, and others. The Kittatinny is an exception to the general rule that Paleozoic rocks in this area are generally poor aquifers, since wells drilled into it produce relatively large flows of water.
The Kittatinny Formation is named for the Kittatinny Valley in which it is located. The formation is not connected to or associated with the geology of Kittatinny Mountain, the easternmost ridge of the Appalachians in New Jersey, which is composed of Shawangunk Formation, a silica-cemented combination of quartz arenite and quartz-pebble conglomerate; and the Bloomsburg Formation (known as the "Bloomsburg Red Beds"), consisting of red shale, siltstone, and sandstone.
# Knobby Russet

The Knobby Russet, also known as Knobbed Russet, Winter Russet, Old Maids, and Winter Apple, is a large green and yellow apple cultivar with a rough and black russet and unusually irregular, warty, and knobbly surface. It has a soft and sweet creamy flesh and looks more like a potato than an apple. Knobby Russets are harvested in mid to late October and are in season between October and February/March.
# Kitty Anderson (headmistress)

Dame Katherine Anderson, DBE (4 July 1903 – 15 July 1979), known as Kitty Anderson, was a British schoolteacher. She was headmistress of the North London Collegiate School from 1945 to 1965.

## Early life and education

Katherine Anderson was born on 4 July 1903, Lytham St Annes, Lancashire, the eldest child and only daughter of three children born to John Herbert Anderson, a chartered accountant, and his wife, Lizzie (née Dawson). The family moved to Middlesbrough, where Kitty attended the High School for Girls in Saltburn-by-the-Sea, where she became head girl. She was the first girl from the school to go up to university and attended Royal Holloway College, University of London to read history where she obtained a BA.
In 1925, she obtained a teaching diploma from the London Day Training College, now the Institute of Education and part of the University of London. In 1926, she taught at Craven Street secondary school in Hull. In 1930, she returned to Royal Holloway as a Christie scholar and received a PhD in 1933 in Elizabethan history, 'The treatment of vagrancy and the relief of the poor and destitute in the Tudor period, based upon the local records of London to 1552 and Hull to 1576'.

## Career in education

She then taught at Burlington School for Girls, London before taking a position as headmistress of King's Norton Grammar School, Birmingham in 1939. In 1944, she became head of the North London Collegiate School until retirement in 1965.
As headmistress she became a noted figure in the educational world. She was appointed DBE in 1961, and served on the Robbins Committee from 1961–63. She was a Governor member of the Council of Royal Holloway College from 1947 to 1953, and member again from 1962 until at least 1967. On her retirement she became chairman of the Girls' Public Day School Trust.
She received in 1967 a LLD (University of Hull) and in 1971, a DUniv (University of York).
Esther Rantzen paid tribute to Anderson when she appeared on the BBC's radio programme, Desert Island Discs. Having attended school under Principal Anderson, Rantzen recounted how much of an inspiration Anderson had been as an educator.

## Death

Anderson died on 15 July 1979 in Northallerton, Yorkshire.
# Kizhakkummuri

Kizhakkummuri is a village in Thrissur district in the state of Kerala, India.
# Koknoghin

Koknoghin is a village in the Tenkodogo Department of Boulgou Province in south-eastern Burkina Faso. As of 2005, the village had a population of 796.
# Koko, Savanes

Koko is a village in northern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Kanoroba, Korhogo Department, Poro Region, Savanes District.
Koko was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
# Knill baronets

The Knill Baronetcy, of The Grove in Blackheath in the County of Kent, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 11 August 1893 for Stuart Knill. He was head of John Knill and Co, wharfingers and the first Roman Catholic Lord Mayor of London (from 1892 to 1893). The 2nd Baronet was Lord Mayor of London from 1909 to 1910. The 3rd baronet lost his money and lived in poverty, becoming famous for trying to win money on the football pools by hypnotising his wife in order to predict the winning matches. The 4th baronet was a successful campaigner for the preservation of canals, particularly the Kennet and Avon Canal.

## Knill baronets, of The Grove (1893)

* Sir Stuart Knill, 1st Baronet (1824–1898)
* Sir John Stuart Knill, 2nd Baronet (1856–1934)
* Sir John Stuart-Knill, 3rd Baronet (1886–1973)
* Sir John Kenelm Stuart Knill, 4th Baronet (1913–1998)
* Sir Thomas John Pugin Bartholomew Knill, 5th Baronet (born 1952)
The heir presumptive is the present holder's brother Jenkyn Martin Benedict Stuart Knill (born 1954). The heir presumptive's heir apparent is his son Benedict Noel Jenkyn Knill (born 1979).

## Sources

* Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
* Leigh Rayment's list of baronets
# Klooster (surname)

Klooster is both a Dutch and Estonian toponymic surname, both meaning "monastery, cloister". Among the Dutch variant forms are ten Klooster, Van Clooster, van der Klooster, and van ('t) Klooster, each meaning "at/from (the) monastery". People with these surnames include:
* Dirk van 't Klooster (born 1976), Dutch baseball player
* Johan ten Klooster [id; nl] (1873–1940), Dutch graphic artist and painter, father of Philip
* Kees-Jan van der Klooster (born 1977), Dutch Paralympic snowboarder
* Milton Klooster (born 1996), Dutch football forward, twin brother of Rodney
* Noël Van Clooster (born 1943), Belgian racing cyclist
* Philip ten Klooster [id; nl] (1909–1969), Dutch sculptor and draughtsman, son of Johan
* Rigard van Klooster (born 1989), Dutch track racing cyclist and speed skater
* Rodney Klooster (born 1996), Dutch football defender, twin brother of Milton
* Ton van Klooster (born 1954), Dutch freestyle swimmer
* William Klooster (born 1957), Dutch ice hockey player
# Kom Firin

Kom Firin is an archaeological site in Egypt, located in the southwestern border of the Nile Delta, just west of Kom el-Hisn. Most of the archaeological informations regarding the site were obtained from the 2002–2010 excavation campaign organized by the British Museum and led by Neal Spencer.$^{:292}$

## History

Earliest attestations of Kom Firin date back to the reign of Ramesses II of the 19th Dynasty, and it appears most likely that it was founded during this period as a fortified town against Libyan incursions from the western border of Egypt. Its original Egyptian name has not been discovered yet.$^{:292}$ A large (225 x 199 m), enclosure was unearthed in the eastern part of the site, and it is believed to be the remain of a fortified Ramesside temple. During the Late Period the town underwent a significant remodelling and expansion, and so did the older New Kingdom enclosure, now surrounding a quadrupled area. Kom Firin's necropolis was possibly located in the nearby site of Silvagou.$^{:292}$
In later times, Kom Firin was progressively demolished by sebakh diggers. A prominent, modern feature of the site is the presence of pillars and pinnacles made of mudbricks, and up to 10 m high, which are the result of the combined action of weather and sebakh–digging on the ancient enclosure and buildings.$^{:292–3}$
# John Barnes (mayor)

John Barnes (24 December 1817 – 18 November 1889) was a New Zealand local politician. He served as mayor of Dunedin from 1885 to 1886.

## Biography

Barnes was born in Stockport in 1817. He emigrated to Port Chalmers aboard the Nourmabal, arriving in May 1858, where he began business as a carter and contractor, ferrying goods to the goldfields, and contracting for public works. He held contracts for the construction of Rattray Street, Stuart Street, Pelichet Bay jetties, and a part of the Port Chalmers railway. Barnes was elected to the Town Board in 1863 and the new Town Council in 1866. Barnes was also appointed inspector of works in 1877, and ultimately mayor in 1885, despite his "crudity of language, hot temper and lack of social graces". He may be the Inspector of Works Barnes who was reported in a "precarious state" after an assault by another contractor, John Thomson, in 1876.
Barnes resigned as councillor twice in order to take a position as inspector of works. In 1886, Barnes's son was supervising a blasting operation in Dowling Street which killed two women in their house. Barnes's close involvement in the works led to questions afterwards.
Barnes died in Dunedin on 18 November 1889, having failed to recover from internal injuries received from a fall from a horse at Milton 18 months earlier. He was buried in the Dunedin Southern Cemetery.
# 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 5000 metres

The men's 5000 metres event at the 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada, at Moncton Stadium on 24 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | David Kiprotich Bett Kenya |
| Silver | John Kipkoech Kenya |
| Bronze | Aziz Lahbabi Morocco |

## Results
### Final

24 July
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | David Kiprotich Bett | Kenya | 13:23.76 |
| | John Kipkoech | Kenya | 13:26.03 |
| | Aziz Lahbabi | Morocco | 13:28.92 |
| 4 | Moses Kibet | Uganda | 13:36.59 |
| 5 | Belete Assefa | Ethiopia | 13:42.10 |
| 6 | Atsedu Tsegay | Ethiopia | 13:54.24 |
| 7 | Kazuto Nishiike | Japan | 13:54.33 |
| 8 | Akinobu Murasawa | Japan | 13:59.66 |
| 9 | Vianney Ndiho | Burundi | 14:04.99 |
| 10 | Jesper van der Wielen | Netherlands | 14:09.11 |
| 11 | Trevor Dunbar | United States | 14:16.08 |
| 12 | Aitor Fernández | Spain | 14:31.70 |
| 13 | John Travers | Ireland | 14:55.12 |
| 14 | Ross Proudfoot | Canada | 15:03.13 |
| 15 | Joseph Chebet | Uganda | 15:07.36 |
| 16 | Kevin Batt | Australia | 15:50.44 |
| | Delohnni Nicol-Samuel | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | DNF |
| | Hicham Sigueni | Morocco | DNF |
| | Ibrahima Sow | Guinea | DNF |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 19 athletes from 14 countries participated in the event.
* Australia (1)
* Burundi (1)
* Canada (1)
* Ethiopia (2)
* Guinea (1)
* Ireland (1)
* Japan (2)
* Kenya (2)
* Morocco (2)
* Netherlands (1)
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1)
* Spain (1)
* Uganda (2)
* United States (1)
# Plafond over de vloer

Plafond over de vloer is a Dutch television show in nine episodes, aired in 1986 by the VPRO and written and directed by Wim T. Schippers. It derives from the radio show Ronflonflon, and its main character is that show's host, Jacques Plafond.

## DVD release

The show was released on DVD as the sixth volume of the series Wim T. Schippers' Televisiepraktijken - sinds 1962, the second disc of a box also containing Hoepla (1967), the first television by Wim T. Schippers, with Wim van der Linden, Willem de Ridder, and Hans Verhagen.
# Lancaster Port Commission

Lancaster Port Commission is the statutory harbour authority for the Port of Lancaster in England. It is now based at Glasson Dock. It was set up by act of parliament to facilitate the role that the port could play in international trade, particularly the Atlantic slave trade. Many of the early commissioners were active slave traders.

## History

Several Lancaster merchants and ship owners asked parliament for support in dealing with problems experienced in operating from Lancaster, Lancashire. This led to the passage of the River Lune Navigation Act 1749 (23 Geo. 2. c. 12): "An Act for improving the Navigation of the River Loyne, otherwise called Lune; and for building a Quay or Wharf near the Town of Lancaster in the County Palatine of Lancaster". This led to the construction of St George's Quay in 1750, and the Custom House was completed in 1764.
Robert Foxcroft was appointed chief customs officer and given the title of Collector. H had oversight of a substantial staff including searchers, clerical officers, landing and coast waiters, a surveyor and a weighing porter.

## Port Commissioners

* Abraham Rawlinson, slaver and subsequently MP for Lancaster
* Charles Inman, slaver
* Thomas Hinde, slaver
* Dodshon Foster (1755-1758), slaver
* Thomas Satterthwaite(1755-1758), slaver
* Robert Dodson (1764-1767)
# Georges Besançon

Georges Besançon (1866–1934) founded and edited the aeronautical journal L'Aérophile.
Besançon was a balloonist ("aeronaut") and journalist. Besançon helped train the later-celebrated balloonist Salomon Andrée, probably in the late 1880s.
In 1892, Besançon and scientist Gustave Hermite sent instruments on fabric or paper balloons into the upper atmosphere for meteorological research. In 1901, Hermite and Besançon sent up small instrumented rubber balloons that were designed to expand until at a high altitude they would burst. Then their instruments would descend by parachute.
Besançon founded the aeronautical periodical L'Aérophile in 1893, and remained its director until at least 1910. There he covered and reported on the era in which the airplane was invented and an international airplane industry arose.
# Print Council of America

The Print Council of America is an organization that seeks to "foster the creation, dissemination, and appreciation of fine prints, old and new." It is primarily a group of museum curators, but also includes university professors, conservators of works on paper, and independent scholars involved in the study of prints.

## History

The Print Council of America was founded in 1956 and was led by legendary print collector Lessing J. Rosenwald. Early members of the group—including Adelyn Breeskin, Harold Joachim, Una Johnson, A. Hyatt Mayor, Elizabeth Mongan, Jakob Rosenberg, Paul J. Sachs, Carl Schniewind and Carl Zigrosser are now known for their leadership in establishing collections, mounting ground-breaking exhibitions of prints, and publishing critical studies of prints and printmakers. The group's leadership has been called "the cream of the cognoscenti" among print experts.

## Defining the original print

Early in its history, the Print Council of America was focused on advocacy and raising the visibility of printmaking as a fine art medium. The 1961 publication What is an Original Print?: Principles Recommended by the Print Council of America offered guidelines to the complex topic of originality and printmaking during that era. Initially, these efforts at a standard definition were controversial among some print experts, and even provoked "anger" from another organization, the World Print Council. Over the years, the definition became more "widely accepted".

## Description of papers used in fine prints

The Print Council of America has published many books. One notable example is The Print Council of America Paper Sample Book: A Practical Guide to the Description of Paper. This book provides a "standardized method of describing paper" that has "proved to be an objective system for describing paper".

## Current activities and services

Currently, the Print Council of America serves as a professional organization for print curators and has been active in the publication of books and research aids to encourage and professionalize the study and care of prints. Their primary vehicle is the Search Index to Print Catalogues Raisonnes, a free service which directs scholars and students to the oeuvre catalogues of thousands of artists. This search index has been called "a very useful source for identifying print catalogues raisonnés."
The Print Council of America also offers resources to aid in learning about printmaking techniques, authenticity, the care of prints, defining a print, and determining the value of a print. In addition, the council offers links to the collections of major art libraries in the United States and Canada, and a selection of books published by the Print Council of America.
# Illeis galbula

Illeis galbula, the fungus-eating ladybird, is a species of beetle in the family Coccinellidae.

## Description

Adults are 4-5mm in size, while the larvae are between 8 and 10mm. Adults are black with bright yellow markings. Larvae are grey with black tubercles covered with short spines. The pupa is pale yellow with black tubercles and lateral spurs.

## Behaviour

During the day it is fast moving and readily flies or drops when disturbed. The pupa are active and often stand on end. Adult and larval fungus-eating ladybirds are often found in gardens where they eat powdery mildew on cucurbit crops like pumpkin and zucchini. In Australia, overwintering adults feed on pollen of wattles and privet species during spring.

## Distribution

This species is native to Eastern Australia. Fungus-eating ladybirds are a non-native species in the North Island of New Zealand, first introduced to Auckland in 1985. They are also found in New Guinea.

## Gallery

* Larval form
* Fungus-eating ladybird, Binalong Bay, Australia
* Fungus-eating ladybird eating powdery mildew on zucchini leaf
* Illeis galbula on a hand
# Imidazoline

Imidazoline is a class of heterocycles formally derived from imidazoles by the reduction of one of the two double bonds. Three isomers are known, 2-imidazolines, 3-imidazolines, and 4-imidazolines. The 2- and 3-imidazolines contain an imine center, whereas the 4-imidazolines contain an alkene group. The 2-Imidazoline group occurs in several drugs.
# Imidazolidinyl urea

Imidazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics. It is chemically related to diazolidinyl urea which is used in the same way. Imidazolidinyl urea acts as a formaldehyde releaser.

## Safety

Some people have a contact allergy to imidazolidinyl urea causing dermatitis. Such people are often also allergic to diazolidinyl urea.

## Chemistry

Imidazolidinyl urea was poorly characterized until recently and the single Chemical Abstracts Service structure assigned to it is probably not the major one in the commercial material. Instead, new data indicate that the hydroxymethyl functional group of each imidazolidine ring is attached to the carbon, rather than on the nitrogen atom:
    Originally reported structure Hoeck's revised structure

### Synthesis

Imidazolidinyl urea is produced by the chemical reaction of allantoin and formaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution and heat. The reaction mixture is then neutralized with hydrochloric acid and evaporated:
    2 + 3 H$_2$C=O →
Commercial imidazolidinyl urea is a mixture of different formaldehyde addition products including polymers.
# Pretoria Bridge

45°24′41″N 75°41′00″W﻿ / ﻿45.41149°N 75.68345°W﻿ / 45.41149; -75.68345
The Pretoria Bridge is a table bridge in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It crosses the Rideau Canal linking the Glebe and Centretown to Old Ottawa East. The bridge was built in 1915, replacing an earlier wooden swing bridge on Argyle Street just to the north. It is a table bridge, meaning that the central portion of the bridge can be elevated to allow boats to pass underneath. Although built by the Strauss Bascule Bridge Company, the moveable span is not a bascule type but a table-type.
In the late 1970s it was discovered that road salt had seriously damaged the bridge. Proposals were advanced to build a larger and higher bridge, but these were opposed by those who saw the bridge as a heritage structure. Eventually it was decided to rebuild the bridge almost exactly as it had been before.
The bridge shares its name with nearby Pretoria Avenue. Pretoria Avenue, formerly Jane Street, was renamed in 1902 to commemorate the British victory in the Second Boer War and those Canadians that had served. The name comes from the captured Boer capital, Pretoria. The name later become controversial as most Canadians associated it with the apartheid regime in South Africa. In the late 1980s a movement was launched to rename the bridge after Nelson Mandela. This was opposed by others who felt it was an important monument to Canadians who had fought in South Africa. City council refused to get involved and the proposal eventually died.
# Imperial Cold Storage and Supply Company

Imperial Cold Storage and Supply Company (ICS) was one of the largest meat processing, storage, distribution and marketing companies in South Africa, dominating the South African packaged food sector for almost a hundred years. The company was formally registered and listed as ICS in 1899, originally it grew out of Combrinck & CO. which was founded in 1830 in Cape Town. Combrinck & CO. was then merged into ICS.$^{:13–15}$ ICS was one of the largest meat processing and distribution companies in the world. The company originally concentrated on supplying ships, but would go on to develop the first cold-storage enterprise in South Africa in conjunction with the Union and Castle shipping lines. Sir David Graaff, 1st Baronet was a founder, chairman and major shareholder.

## Rhodesian operation

In 1924, the then government of Southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, granted a ten-year monopoly to the company. Enforced by act of government, it also guaranteed the company's operations in Rhodesia for the duration of its monopoly with an up to GB£15 000 per annum guaranteed against losses resulting from its operations. In return Imperial Cold Storage agreed to develop the country's chilled and frozen beef industry. In terms of the act's objective to establish a beef packing and processing industry in Rhodesia the government's partnership with Imperial Cold Storage was a success.

## Tiger Brands buyout

Due to the high costs of expansion in southern Africa along with a slump in the demand for meat following the Great Depression in 1934 the company was in serious financial trouble. More money was sought from investors to help shore up the companies finances. Anglo-American corporation was the largest investor and the total capital of the company increased to GB£2.2 million (equivalent to £197,281,000 in 2024). Anglo's share in the company would continue to grow as Imperial Cold Storage worked more and more with Tiger Oats, then a subsidiary of Anglo-American corporation.$^{:173}$$^{:221}$
In March 1982 Barlow bought a considerable share of Tiger Oats and a controlling share in Imperial Cold Storage.$^{:237}$ In October 1998 Tiger Brands (then known as Tiger Oats Limited) bought out Imperial Cold Storage and the company was folded into its portfolio of brands and companies.$^{:246}$
# Immanuel Episcopal Church

Immanuel Episcopal Church may refer to:

## in the United States;

(by state)
* Immanuel Episcopal Church on the Green, 1703 church in New Castle, Delaware
* Immanuel Episcopal Church (Winona, Mississippi), listed on the NRHP in Mississippi
* Immanuel Episcopal Church (Bellows Falls, Vermont), where Carlton Chase was rector
* Immanuel Episcopal Church (Mechanicsville, Virginia), NRHP-listed