OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GMS

GMS may refer to:

## Education

* Gates Millennium Scholars Program, higher education scholarship program in the United States
* Glen Mills Schools, in Thornbury Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States
* Governor Morehead School, in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States
* Great Marlow School, in Buckinghamshire, England
* Greenbriar Middle School, in Parma, Ohio, United States
* Noel Grisham Middle School, in the Anderson Mill community, Texas, United States

## Medicine

* General medical services, the contract under which NHS general practitioners work
* GMS syndrome, a genetic disorder

## Science and technology

* GMS (software), groundwater simulation software
* Geographic Messaging Service, a location-based mobile messaging service
* Geostationary Meteorological Satellite, a series of Japanese weather satellites
* Globalization management system, a type of software for automating human language translation
* Glycerol monostearate, a type of emulsifier
* Google Mobile Services, proprietary apps and services from Google bundled with Android devices
* Grocott's methenamine silver stain, histological stain used to identify fungi by staining of the cell walls
* Galvanized mild steel, a kind of prepainted metal

## Other uses

* GMS (music group), a Dutch psychedelic trance duo
* Global MapleStory, a multiplayer online role-playing game
* Good Morning Scotland, a Scottish breakfast radio news programme
* Greater Mekong Subregion, encompassing the Mekong River basin
* GMS Motorcycles, an English motorcycle designer
* GMS Racing, an American professional stock car racing team
# Doux

Doux may refer to:
* Doux, Ardennes, a French commune in the Ardennes department
* Doux, Deux-Sèvres, a French commune in the Deux-Sèvres department
* Doux (river), a tributary of the Rhône in southern France
* Doux (wine), a variety of sparkling wine
* Doux Group, a French poultry company
* Doux (surname)
* "Doux", a song by Jean-Michel Blais from the album Aubades
# Fundación

Fundación is a town and municipality of the Colombian Department of Magdalena. Its people are known as Fundanenses. The primary economic activity is livestock-raising, for production of both meat and milk. Other crops are: corn, yuca, oranges, bananas, beans, sesame, sorghum, rice, tomatoes, and tobacco. There is also artisanal fishing.
Physically, the area of Fundación consists of river valley, flood plain and some low-lying hills. The municipio is bounded on the north by Aracataca, on the east by Bosconia, on the south by Chibolo, and, on the west by Pivijay, Sabanas de San Angel, and Algarrobo. The town is crossed by the Fundación River.
The town came to international prominence on 18 May 2014 when a school bus caught fire at the local Pentecostal Church. Thirty two children who had just attended a church service died in the fire.
* Population: 66,433 (municipality)
* Elevation: 45 meters
* Area: 971.9 km². (municipality)

## Points of interest

* Bridge over the Fundación River
* Chapel of the Holy Family College
* Church of Our Lord of Miracles
* Church of Maria Auxiliadora
* Fountain of the Barrio Vera Judith
* Los Varones Park

## Climate

Climate data for Fundación/El Retén (Zacapa), elevation 30 m (98 ft), (1971–2000) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 33.8 (92.8) | 33.9 (93.0) | 34.1 (93.4) | 34.4 (93.9) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.1 (93.4) | 34.2 (93.6) | 34.2 (93.6) | 33.3 (91.9) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.8 (92.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.9 (82.2) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.0 (82.4) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.6 (81.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.6 (81.7) | 28.0 (82.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.9 (69.6) | 20.9 (69.6) | 21.5 (70.7) | 21.9 (71.4) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 21.9 (71.4) | 21.4 (70.5) | 21.8 (71.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 4.4 (0.17) | 6.5 (0.26) | 15.1 (0.59) | 92.8 (3.65) | 151.7 (5.97) | 121.6 (4.79) | 88.5 (3.48) | 135.0 (5.31) | 192.0 (7.56) | 222.3 (8.75) | 121.6 (4.79) | 21.0 (0.83) | 1,172.4 (46.16) |
| Average precipitation days | 1 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 95 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81 | 81 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 82 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 232.5 | 212.0 | 192.2 | 171.0 | 173.6 | 165.0 | 198.4 | 179.8 | 153.0 | 164.3 | 186.0 | 226.3 | 2,254.1 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 7.5 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 6.2 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales ||||||||||||||
# G 29-38

Giclas 29-38, also known as ZZ Piscium, is a variable white dwarf star of the DAV (or ZZ Ceti) type, whose variability is due to large-amplitude, non-radial pulsations known as gravity waves. It was first reported to be variable by Shulov and Kopatskaya in 1974. DAV stars are like normal white dwarfs but have luminosity variations with amplitudes as high as 30%, arising from a superposition of vibrational modes with periods from 100 to 1,000 seconds. Large-amplitude DAVs generally differ from lower-amplitude DAVs by having lower temperatures, longer primary periodicities, and many peaks in their vibrational spectra with frequencies which are sums of other vibrational modes.
G29-38, like other complex, large-amplitude DAV variables, has proven difficult to understand. The power spectrum or periodogram of the light curve varies over times which range from weeks to years. Usually, one strong mode dominates, although many smaller-amplitude modes are often observed. The larger-amplitude modes, however, fluctuate in and out of observability; some low-power areas show more stability. Asteroseismology uses the observed spectrum of pulsations from stars like G29-38 to infer the structure of their interiors.

## Debris disk

The circumstellar environment of G29-38 first attracted attention in the late 1980s during a near-infrared survey of 200 white dwarfs conducted by Ben Zuckerman and Eric Becklin to search for low mass companion stars and brown dwarfs. G29-38 was shown to radiate substantial emission between 2 and 5 micrometres, far in excess of that expected from extrapolation of the visual and near infrared spectrum of the star. Like other young, hot white dwarfs, G29-38 is thought to have formed relatively recently (600 million years ago) from its AGB progenitor, and therefore the excess was naturally explained by emission from a Jupiter-like brown dwarf with a temperature of 1200 K and a radius of 0.15 solar radius. However, later observations, including speckle interferometry, failed to detect a brown dwarf.
Infrared observations made in 2004 by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope indicated the presence of a dust cloud around G29-38, which may have been created by tidal disruption of an exocomet or exoasteroid passing close to the white dwarf. This may mean that G29-38 is still orbited by a ring of surviving comets and, possibly, outer planets. This is the first observation supporting the idea that comets persist to the white dwarf stage of stellar evolution.
Infrared emission at 9-11 Mircons from Spitzer spectroscopy were interpreted as a mixture of amorphous olivine and a small amount of fosterite in the disk. Modelling of the disk have shown that the inner edge of the disk lies at around 96±4 white dwarf radii and that the disk has a width of about 1-10 white dwarf radii. The dust mass of the disk is about 4-5 x 10$^{18}$ g (about half the mass of a massive asteroid) and the disk has a temperature less than 1000 K.
The white dwarf is detected in x-rays with Chandra and XMM-Newton. This is seen as evidence for accretion from the disk and while the count number is small, there is evidence that this x-ray emission could come from iron.
# Nepenthes ephippiata

Nepenthes ephippiata (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ɛˌfɪpiˈɑːtə/; from Latin: ephippium "saddle cloth"), or the saddle-leaved pitcher-plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It occurs in the Hose Mountains of central Sarawak, as well as Mount Raya and Bukit Lesung in Kalimantan. It grows in montane forest from 1,000 to 1,900 meters elevation.
Non-climbing plants from the Hose Mountains appear to have less decurrent leaf attachment than specimens from Central Kalimantan, however the characteristic saddle after which the species is named is fully developed in climbing plants. Nepenthes ephippiata is closely related to N. lowii.
B. H. Danser described the species in his 1928 monograph, "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies", based only on part of a stem and an infructescence.
Nepenthes ephippiata has no known natural hybrids.
# American dusky flycatcher

The American dusky flycatcher (Empidonax oberholseri), or simply dusky flycatcher, is a small insectivorous passerine of the tyrant flycatcher family.
The dusky flycatcher is one of many species in the genus Empidonax. These species are very similar in appearance and behavior, and they are notoriously difficult to differentiate. The best characteristics for distinguishing these species are voice, breeding habitat, and range.

## Description

Adults have olive-gray upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have a noticeable medium-width white eye ring, white wing bars and a medium length tail. The breast is washed with olive-gray. The bill is mainly dark. It is a bit smaller than the American grey flycatcher and a bit larger than the Hammond's flycatcher.

### Vocalizations

The male sings a three-part song. A common call is a dry whit, similar to that of other Empidonax flycatchers. A less common call, that is possibly only given by the male, is a sad dew-hic.

## Taxonomy

The scientific name commemorates the American ornithologist Harry Church Oberholser.

## Distribution

These birds migrate to southern Arizona and Mexico. As non-breeding residents in the south of their migration range, they are passage migrants over the deserts of the south-western United States, the Mojave, Sonoran, and Chihuahuan Deserts, where they make their stops along the flyway.

## Habitat

Their breeding habitat is mountain slopes and foothills with brush and scattered trees (especially ponderosa pine) across western North America. They make a cup nest low in a vertical fork in a shrub.

## Behavior

They often wait on an open perch and fly out to catch insects in flight (hawking), and will also pluck insects from foliage while hovering (gleaning).
# Ammopelmatus mescaleroensis

Ammopelmatus mescaleroensis is a species of Jerusalem cricket in the family Stenopelmatidae. It is found in the area around Mescalero, in the United States state of New Mexico.
# GPR

GPR may refer to:

## Science and technology

* Gaussian process regression, an interpolation method in statistics
* General-purpose register of a microprocessor
* G-protein coupled receptor
* Ground-penetrating radar
* Ground potential rise, in electrical engineering

## Other

* General practice residency, in dentistry in the United States
* Georgia Public Radio, in Georgia, United States
* Glider Pilot Regiment of the British Army
* GPR index, a stock index of property companies
* Grupa na rzecz Partii Robotniczej, the Polish section of the Committee for a Workers' International
# GPO

GPO may refer to:

## Government and politics

* General Post Office, Dublin
* General Post Office, in Britain
* Social Security Government Pension Offset, a provision reducing benefits
* Government Pharmaceutical Organization, a Thai state enterprise
* Government Press Office (Israel)
* Green Party of Ontario, Canada
* United States Government Publishing Office
* Group Purchasing Organization

## Places

* Gospel Oak railway station, in London, England
* Guam Premier Outlets, a shopping mall in Guam
* Indore G.P.O., a residential area in Indore, India
* General Pico Airport, in Argentina, IATA code

## Science and technology

* Giant Pacific Octopus
* Group Policy Object
* General Purpose Outlet, mains socket in Australia
* General Purpose Output, an uncommitted digital signal pin on an integrated circuit or electronic circuit board used as an output and controllable by the user at runtime.

## Other uses

* Generalplan Ost, a Nazi genocide plan in occupied territories
* General Post Office (disambiguation)
* Group purchasing organization
* Gun Position Officer, usually a lieutenant, responsible for the technical control of an artillery battery in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth forces
* Grand Piece Online, a Roblox videogame based on One Piece
# Drayton Reservoir

Drayton Reservoir is a reservoir in Daventry, Northamptonshire, England. The reservoir is accessible from the A361 near the northern edge of Daventry. Drayton Reservoir is a feeder reservoir for the Grand Union Canal. When water is required for the canal the water level at Drayton can drop by 30 cm or more in a day. Drayton Reservoir was controlled by British Waterways until their responsibilities for waterways in England and Wales were transferred to the Canal & River Trust and is home to Rugby Sailing Club.
It lies near another Grand Union Canal feature, Braunston Tunnel.

## Angling

Drayton Reservoir is known to UK anglers as one of England's premier match fishing venues. It was stocked with 50,000 small carp and these have grown quickly. 9lb (4 kg) Drayton Reservoir carp are commonplace. 20lb (9 kg) carp are caught very regularly with larger specimens available. Anglers are advised to ensure they have angling equipment that can handle the large fish and that they watch their rods and poles; hundreds of rods and poles have been pulled into the reservoir by fish.
British Waterways manage the fishery with bailiffs patrolling every few hours. They provide advice in addition to selling day tickets. There is limited parking by the dam wall and a toilet. With the exception of the dam wall most of the well managed fishing pegs are open to wheelchair access.
# Neutscher Höhe

Neutscher Höhe is a mountain pass of the Odenwald, in the district of Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hesse, Germany.

## Wind farm

On the hills nearby the pass is a wind farm with five wind turbines. Three turbines are of the type Tacke TW 600 and were launched in October 1994 by the Odenwaldwind GmbH. It was the first wind park in the southern German area. In 2011 two more powerful wind turbines, type REpower MM92, were built. One is operated by the Energiegenossenschaft Starkenburg eG.
# Du ciment sous les plaines

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Du ciment sous les plaines is the third album of the French rock group Noir Désir.
The French edition of Rolling Stone magazine named this album the 21st greatest French rock album (out of 100).

## Track listing

* "No no no" - 3:27
* "En route pour la joie" - 3:05
* "Charlie" - 3:57
* "Tu m'donnes le mal" - 3:57
* "Si rien ne bouge" - 5:15
* "The Holy economic war" - 3:03
* "Tout l'or" - 4:13
* "La chanson de la main" - 3:42
* "Pictures of Yourself" -3:13
* "Les oriflammes" - 3:27
* "Elle va où elle veut" - 3:30
* "Le zen émoi" - 3:25
* "The chameleon" - 5:13
* "Hoo Doo" - 0:43
# Nephrurus deleani

Nephrurus deleani, also known commonly as the acacia knob-tailed gecko, the Pernatty knob-tail, and the Pernatty knob-tailed gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Carphodactylidae. The species is endemic to Australia.

## Etymology

The specific name, deleani, is in honor of Australian statistician Steven Delean, who collected the holotype.

## Geographic range

N. deleani is found in the Australian state of South Australia.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitat of N. deleani is coastal sand dunes.

## Reproduction

N. deleani is oviparous.
# Drew Brophy

Drew Brophy is an American artist born in 1971. Known as a "surf artist" Brophy is best known for his surfboard paintings and distinctive painting style, using Uni-Posca water-based paint pens.
A self-taught artist, Brophy began painting on surfboards as a young boy when he first began to surf in his native South Carolina. Originally, Brophy set out to be a professional surfer, and he traveled the globe using artwork to help pay for his surf adventures. More and more, he was commissioned to create art, and a lifetime profession was born.
After living and surfing in Hawaii in the 1990s, Brophy moved to California in 1996 as a career decision. He now lives with his wife and their son.he is currently 50 years old and has been an artist for over 30 years.
Brophy became known as the artist who pioneered the art of surfboard painting with water-based paint pens and has taught generations of artists his techniques.

## Work

In 2018 Brophy's Autobiography titled PAINTING SURFBOARDS AND CHASING WAVES was released on Amazon.
McFly's Dougie Poynter plays a Music Man Sterling Bass, featuring a custom paint job by Brophy.
Brophy's painted surfboards have also been collected by Kid Rock, Mötley Crüe's Vince Neil, Eddie Vedder and Uncle Cracker.
In 2012 Brophy featured in the seminal book Surf Graphics
In spring of 2011, Crystal Cove Media Production Company Archived 2011-02-19 at the Wayback Machine produced a television show called THE PAINT SHOP WITH DREW BROPHY, which aired on Southern California local television channels, including Cox and Time Warner. THE PAINT SHOP is a reality show which takes the viewers behind the scenes of Drew's art studio and projects.
In May 2011, Brophy teamed up with whitewater expert and film-maker Seth Warren, to become the first ever to standup paddleboard the entire length of the 225 miles of the Colorado River between Lee's Ferry Arizona, to Diamond Creek, Arizona. The expedition took 16 days and was run at a time when the water level was its highest since 1983. They navigated over 125 rapids, 42 of which were rated between 5g and 10g, on the Grand Canyon scale of 1-10g.
In 2010, Walter Foster Publishing Company published "How to Draw with Drew Brophy" a book authored by Drew Brophy and Maria Brophy, designed to give drawing instruction to children.
In 2008, Mutiny Media distributed an instructional DVD titled "Paint Pen Techniques with Drew Brophy" in which Brophy demonstrates how to use the techniques he developed with water based opaque paint pens.
An artists' advocate, Brophy leads seminars and workshops at various schools and colleges, sharing his painting techniques and his secrets of success as an artist.
# Félicie Albert

Félicie Albert is a French and American physicist working on laser plasma accelerators. She is the deputy director for the Center for High Energy Density Science at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and staff scientist at the National Ignition Facility and Photon Science Directorate and the Joint High Energy Density Sciences organization.

## Education and career

She received a BS in 2003 in engineering from École Nationale Supérieure de Physique de Marseille (now École Centrale de Marseille), in France, her master's degree in optics from the University of Central Florida in 2004 and her PhD from prestigious École Polytechnique with advisor Antoine Rousse in 2007. Her PhD thesis is entitled "Synchrotron radiation based on laser-plasma interaction in the relativistic range." Albert then joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory as a postdoctoral fellow in 2008. Her main areas of expertise are "the generation and applications of novel sources of electrons, X-rays and gamma-rays through laser-plasma interaction, laser-wakefield acceleration and Compton scattering."
Albert became a naturalized American citizen in 2018.

## Awards and recognition

She received the Katherine E. Weimer Award from the American Physical Society in 2017, and the Presidential Early Career Award for Science and Engineers in 2019. Also in 2019, she was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society, after a nomination from the APS Division of Plasma Physics, "for many original contributions to the development of directional X-ray beams for probing high-energy-density matter". In 2023, she was named a Fellow of Optica, "for pioneering research on the development and applications of x-ray sources driven by laser-wakefield acceleration and leadership in the LaserNetUS initiative."
# Gabrielle McFadden

Gabrielle McFadden is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as a Senator for the Cultural and Educational Panel from 2016 to 2020. She served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Longford–Westmeath constituency from 2014 to 2016.
The by-election was caused by the death of her sister Nicky McFadden, who was a Fine Gael TD. In December 2014, she was appointed to the Public Accounts Committee and to the Select Committee on Justice, Defence and Equality.
McFadden was a member of Westmeath County Council for the Athlone local electoral area from 2009 to 2014. She was the Mayor of Athlone from 2013 to 2014. She vacated her council seat before the Dáil by-election.
She lost her Dáil seat at the 2016 general election. She was subsequently elected to 25th Seanad for the Cultural and Educational Panel. She was the Fine Gael Seanad Spokesperson on Defence. She was an unsuccessful candidate for the Longford–Westmeath constituency at the 2020 general election. She lost her Seanad seat at the 2020 Seanad election.
# Neugattersleben

Neugattersleben is a village and a former municipality in the district Salzlandkreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Nienburg.
Neugattersleben Castle was owned by the House of Alvensleben from 1573 until its expropriation in 1945 by communist East Germany.
* Neugattersleben Castle (around 1750 - drafted by Anco Wigboldus)
* Neugattersleben Castle

## Notable people

* Gebhard XXV. von Alvensleben (1618-1681), German politician and historian
* Werner von Alvensleben (1875-1947), German businessman and politician
* Gustav Konstantin von Alvensleben (1879-1965), German-American entrepreneur
# GJA4

Gap junction alpha-4 protein, also known as Connexin-37 or Cx37, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GJA4 gene. This protein, like other Connexin proteins, forms connections between cells known as gap junctions. Connexin 37 can be found in many tissues including the ovary, heart, and kidney.