OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Chapman Bishop

James Chapman Bishop (1783 – 2 December 1854) was a notable British organ manufacturer of the 19th century.

## History

He was apprenticed to Benjamin Flight and then set up his own business in London in 1807 initially at York buildings in Marylebone and later at 250 Marylebone Road.
On his death in 1854, the business was run by his son, Charles Augustus Bishop (born 1821), John Starr and William Ebenezer Richardson, and was known as Bishop, Starr and Richardson from 1854 to 1857, and then Bishop and Starr from 1857 onwards. From 1873 it became Bishop and Son.

## Works

* All Saints' Church, Northallerton 1818
* St Peter's Church, Dorchester 1823
* St Mary Abchurch 1823
* St John's Church, Waterloo 1824
* St Mary Aldermanbury 1824
* All Souls Church, Langham Place 1825
* St Mark's Church, North Audley Street 1825
* St Paul's Cathedral 1826
* Holy Trinity Church, Marylebone 1828
* The Revd Dr Philip Wynter, President, St John's College, Oxford 1828
* St James's Church, Bermondsey 1829
* St Bartholomew's Church, Wednesbury 1830
* St James' Church, Clapham 1832
* St Edmund, King and Martyr 1833
* Norwich Cathedral 1834
* St Michael's Church, Coventry 1836
* St Peter's Church, Eaton Square 1837
* St Giles Church, Willenhall 1837
* Port Antonio Church, Jamaica 1838
* Shrewsbury Music Hall 1839
* St James' Church, Devizes 1841
* Catholic Chapel, Dalton Square, Lancaster 1841
* Gravesend Literary Institution 1842
* Church of St Barnabas, Queen Camel 1842
* Roman Catholic Chapel, Stockton-on-Tees 1842
* Savoy Chapel 1843
* St Giles' Church, Camberwell 1844
* St Martin's Church, Liskeard 1844
* St Kentigern's Church, Crossthwaite, Cumbria 1844-45
* Holy Trinity Church, Clapham 1845
* St John's, Notting Hill 1846
* Holy Trinity Church, Paddington 1846
* St Martin's Church, Bowness-on-Windermere 1846
* Brighton Town Hall 1847
* Jesus College, Cambridge 1847
* Catholic Chapel, Lowther Street, Carlisle 1848
* Hereford Cathedral 1849
* St Mark's Church, Pensnett 1849
* St James's Church, Piccadilly 1852
* St George's, Bloomsbury 1853
# James Kemp (Australian politician)

James Ruthven Kemp (1833 – 28 August 1873) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.
A businessman, he migrated to Australia around 1860. In 1864 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Bathurst, but he resigned in 1866. Kemp died in Sydney in 1873.
# James Kemp (NAACP)

James Horace Kemp (18 August 1912 in Muskogee – 5 December 1983 in Chicago) was an American labor organizer and elected president of the NAACP. He was married to Maida Springer Kemp, a labor organizer and historian. He served on the executive board of the Chicago Federation of Labor. He was also a board member of the Regional Transportation Authority.
In 1969, Kemp was elected to the Illinois Constitutional Convention as a delegate from the 22nd legislative district, which covered Bronzeville and adjacent neighborhoods.

## Legacy

* METX 105, an EMD F40PH locomotive owned by Metra is named after James Kemp (because he was on the board of directors of the Regional Transit Authority, which oversees Metra). It entered service with Metra in 1977 and was the sixth F40PH to be delivered into their fleet. It currently serves the BNSF Line out of Chicago Union Station.
# James Keith (Virginia judge)

James Keith (September 7, 1839 – January 2, 1918) was a Virginia lawyer, soldier, politician and judge, who served as the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Virginia (then called the Supreme Court of Appeals) from 1895 to 1916.

## Early and family life

Born in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1839 to Circuit Judge Isham Keith (1798–1863) and his wife, the former Juliette Chilton, James Keith received his early education in local schools and studied law under Professor John B. Minor at the University of Virginia. His grandfather, Thomas Keith, fought in the American Revolutionary War. His father also owned a woolen mill at Waterloo. In 1860, Isham Keith owned 17 enslaved people, and his son James also may have owned at least one slave.
In 1873, Keith married Lilias Gordon Morson (1848–1877) in Fauquier County. She was the daughter of Arthur Alexander Morson of Richmond and his Fauquier-born wife, Maria Scott. Ten years after her death, in 1887 the widower married her younger sister, Frances Backsdale Morson (1855–1908), who had a daughter and a son: Juliet Chilton Crockett (1888–1967) and Arthur Alexander Morson Keith (1891–1979).

## American Civil War

During the American Civil War, James Keith and his slightly older brother Isham Keith Jr. (1833–1902) enlisted as privates in the Black Horse Cavalry and served for the duration. James Keith was promoted to adjutant on December 7, 1863. After surrendering at Appomattox Court House, he was paroled at Winchester on May 30, 1865, and received a presidential pardon on August 19, 1865.

## Postwar

After the war, James Keith resumed his law studies under John M. Forbes, a prominent lawyer in Warrenton. Fauquier County voters elected Keith to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1869 and he served in the session of 1869—70. In late 1870, he was elected as judge of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, composed of Alexandria, Fauquier, Fairfax, Loudoun, Prince William and Rappahannock counties.
Keith established an outstanding record as a circuit judge until January 1, 1895, when legislators elected him to the Supreme Court of Appeals, and his fellow judges elected him their president (chief judge) soon afterwards. He continued as a judge and president until he retired on June 10, 1916.
He was active in the United Confederate Veterans and presented a portrait of Fauquier County's General (and later U.S. Congressman and Senator Eppa Hunton to the Richmond chapter.

## Death and legacy

Keith, who suffered from a heart condition, died of pneumonia just after New Year's Day, 1918. He was buried at Richmond's Hollywood Cemetery beside his wives. The Library of Virginia maintains his official papers. The Virginia Historical Society has some Keith family papers, maintained by Fanny Scott, the wife of Virginia Attorney General Robert Taylor Scott, and who led the Black Horse Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy at Warrenton (the unit which had both sons of Judge Isham, and where that Judge Keith died and was buried).
# James Keith, Baron Keith of Avonholm

James Keith, Baron Keith of Avonholm, PC (20 May 1886 – 29 June 1964) was a British advocate and judge. He served as a Lord of Session from 1937 to 1953, and then as a Law Lord until 1961.

## Early life and career

His grandfather and namesake, James Keith (17 April 1825 – 21 March 1901) and his father, Sir Henry Shanks Keith (26 Dec. 1852 – 9 July 1944) both served as Provosts of Hamilton, Lanarkshire, Scotland; his father also being appointed a Deputy Lieutenant and Honorary Sheriff of Lanarkshire. His family owned the large high-end grocery business, Keith's of Hamilton, operating from substantial premises on the town's Cadzow Street (the building remains.)
The young James Keith was brought up at Avonholm, Hamilton and was educated at the Hamilton Academy and the University of Glasgow, where he took a First in History (M.A.) and a LL.B. He was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1911. During World War I, he joined the Seaforth Highlanders, and was wounded in France. He was later attached to the Egyptian Army and served with the Sudanese government.
After the War, Keith returned to the Scottish bar, and took silk in 1926. In 1936 he was elected as Dean of the Faculty of Advocates.

## Judicial career

In 1937, Keith was appointed a Senator of the College of Justice, taking the judicial courtesy title of Lord Keith. In 1953, he was made a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, and was created a life peer, as Baron Keith of Avonholm, of Saint Bernard's in the City of Edinburgh. He was sworn in the Privy Council the same year. As a Law Lord, he dissented in 22% of the cases which he heard – a larger percentage than that of his famously radical contemporary, Lord Denning. He retired in 1961.

## Children

On 7 July 1915 James Keith married Jean Maitland Bennett. The couple had three children –
* The Hon. Elizabeth Hamilton Keith
* The Hon. Helena Stewart Keith
* The Hon. Henry Keith (7 Feb. 1922 – 21 June 2002), who also became a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, taking the title of The Hon. The Lord Keith of Kinkel.
# James E. Wise Jr.

James E. Wise Jr., author, is a former naval aviator, intelligence officer, and Vietnam veteran, retired from the U.S. Navy in 1975 as a captain. He became a naval aviator in 1953 following graduation from Northwestern University. He served as an intelligence officer aboard the USS America and later as the commanding officer of various naval intelligence units. Since his retirement, Captain Wise has held several senior executive posts in private sector companies. His books include Dangerous Games: faces, incidents and casualties of the Cold War, The Silver Star, The Navy Cross, Stars in Blue, and U-505: The Final Journey. He is also the author of many historical articles in naval and maritime journals. Captain Wise lives in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area.
# James Goldschmidt

James Paul Goldschmidt (17 December 1874 – 28 June 1940) was a German jurist who made important contributions to German criminal law and criminal procedure law. He studied legal science in Heidelberg and Berlin. Of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, Goldschmidt was a professor at the University of Berlin from 1919 until his retirement in 1934 due to racial policy of Nazi Germany. In 1938 he eventually emigrated to the United Kingdom, and later Uruguay, where he died in 1940.
His younger brother Hans Walter Goldschmidt (1881–1940), also a jurist, died in 1940 on board of the SS Arandora Star.
# James Hutchinson (priest)

Rev. Sir James Hutchinson (c.1731-1813) was an Anglican priest in Ireland in the second half of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
The son of the Right Rev. Doctor Samuel Hutchinson, Bishop of Killala and Achonry, and the great-nephew of the Right Rev. Doctor Francis Hutchinson, author and Bishop of Down and Connor, he was born in County Antrim and educated at Trinity College, Dublin.
He was Archdeacon of Achonry from 1760 until his death on 8 March 1813. He was also a prebendary of Ardagh (1760-1766) and of Killanly (1766-1800) in Killala Cathedral, as well as rector of Killashee and Tashinny from 1770 until his death.
His elder brother, Sir Francis Hutchinson, was created 1st Baronet of Castlesallagh in 1782, to which title James succeeded in 1807. The title next passed to their nephew Samuel Synge.
# James Ormond (alpine skier)

James Ormond (born 18 June 1973) is a British former alpine skier who competed in the 1998 Winter Olympics.
# James Sutton

James Sutton may refer to:
* James Sutton (MP) (c. 1733–1801), Member of Parliament for Devizes, 1765–1780
* James Sutton (Shardlow) (1799–1868), canal carrier and High Sheriff
* James Patrick Sutton (1915–2005), United States Congressman from Tennessee
* James Sutton (actor) (born 1983), English television actor
* James Sutton (racing driver) (born 1985), English racing car driver
* Jam Sutton (born 1986), photographer and director
* Jim Sutton (born 1941), New Zealand politician
* James Sutton a.k.a. James Files (born 1942), alleged participant in the assassination of John F. Kennedy
# James Ross (Ontario politician)

James Ross (October 1, 1817 – July 16, 1895) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Wellington Centre in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1869 to 1874.
He was born in Arnage, Aberdeenshire, Scotland in 1817, the son of John Leith Ross, was educated at Marischal College there and came to Upper Canada in 1836. He was reeve for Nichol township from 1854 to 1859 and warden for Wellington County from 1858 to 1859. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in an 1859 by-election in the North riding of Wellington and served until 1861. Ross also served as Crown Lands Agent. He was first elected to the federal parliament in 1869 after the death of Thomas Sutherland Parker. He lived in Cumnock and later Guelph. Ross died in Guelph at the age of 77.
# James Martin (philosopher)

James Martin (Jacobus Martinus, Jacques Martin) (fl. 1577) was a Scottish philosophical writer and early Ramist.

## Life

He was a native of Dunkeld, Perthshire, and is said to have been educated at the University of Oxford. A James Martin, whose college is not mentioned, commenced M.A. at Oxford on 31 March 1522.
He was professor of philosophy at Paris. In 1556 he was proctor of the Germans in the University of Paris, and in May 1557 was chosen by them to negotiate with the king concerning a tax which he desired to impose on the university. He subsequently is said to have become professor at Turin. He was dead by 1584.

## Works

Martin wrote a 1577 treatise in refutation of some of Aristotle's dogmas in Generation of Animals. Another edition appeared, with a preface by William Temple. A reply by Andreas Libavius appeared at Frankfort in 1591.
Other treatises by Martin are vaguely mentioned by Thomas Tanner in his Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica (1718), viz.: 1. In Artem Memoriae, Paris. 2. De Intelligentiis Motricibus, Turin. 3. In Libros Aristotelis de Ortu et Interitu, Paris, 1555. None of them appear to be now extant.
# James Yarbrough

James or Jim Yarbrough may refer to:
* James C. Yarbrough, United States Army general
* Jim Yarbrough (offensive lineman) (James Kelley Yarbrough, born 1946), American football player
* Jim Yarbrough (defensive back) (James Edward Yarbrough, born 1963), American football player
* Jim Yarbrough (basketball) (born 1964), American college basketball coach
# James Shannon Clift

James Shannon Clift (March 5, 1814 – July 16, 1877) was a merchant and political figure in Newfoundland.
Clift was born in St. John's in 1814 to James and Flora Clift. His father was also a merchant. He operated a commission merchant and ship brokerage business in partnership with James B. Woods, his brother-in-law. He was district grand master for the Freemasons from 1871 to 1877. He was a member of the Legislative Council from 1861 to 1874 and served in the Executive Council from 1870 to 1874.
Clift died in St. John's in 1877.
# James Shanks (New Zealand politician)

James Steuart Shanks (his middle name was often spelled Stewart; March 1835 – 13 October 1911) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the Southland region, New Zealand.
Shanks was born in Glasgow in March 1835. His father was James Steuart Shanks Sen. (1800–1871); he died at Tuturau. His Dublin-born mother (1814–1898) died at Mataura. The family emigrated to New Zealand and arrived in Dunedin on 20 November 1849 on the Kelso when he was aged 14. He initially worked in Balclutha and then Clinton as a sawmiller and felling trees. He was then employed as a survey assistant around Wallacetown. Together with his father and eldest brother, he purchased the Marairua Run (then known as the Tuturau Run) in 1857. The Shanks held the run until 1878, when they subdivided it. He then moved to Mataura to become an auctioneer.
Shanks was chairman of the Tuturau Road Board for some years. He was also a member of the Southland County Council, including its chairman. He was a member of the Southland Education Board. Following the resignation of William Wood from parliament, Shanks stood in the January 1879 Mataura by-election and defeated Andrew Kinross. In the 1879 general election later that year, he was returned unopposed. He represented the Mataura electorate until the 1881 election, when he retired.
In 1861, he married Jessie MacGibbon. Five of their eight children received their education at Tuturau Public School. Shanks died on 13 October 1911 at Mataura, and he was buried at Mataura Cemetery. His wife died in 1920.
# James Swan

James Swan may refer to:

## Musicians

* Jimmy Swan (1912–1995), American country musician
* Jimmy Barnes (born 1956), singer-songwriter whose real name is James Swan

## Politicians

* James Swan (mayor of Brisbane) (1811–1891)
* James C. Swan (born 1958), United Nations Secretary-General's Special Representative for Somalia
* James D. Swan (1903–1977), vegetable farmer from Wisconsin who served two terms as a state senator

## Others

* Jim Swan (James Sneddon Swan, 1941–2017), whisky expert
* James Swan (boxer) (born 1974), boxer from Australia
* James Swan (financier) (1754–1830), Bostonian merchant
* James G. Swan (1818–1900), Indian agent
* James A. Swan, American writer, TV and film producer, and actor
# Jamune Bhanjyang

Jamune Bhanjyang is a village development committee in Tanahu District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8326 people living in 1570 individual households.
Jamune Village Development Committee is mostly known for oranges. Many people are involved in orange farming.
# Jamusar Kalan

Jamusar Kalan is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census of India, Jamusar Kalan has 556 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 40.97%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 2825 | 1546 | 1279 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 438 | 213 | 225 |
| Scheduled caste | 1191 | 651 | 540 |
| Scheduled tribe | 111 | 57 | 54 |
| Literates | 978 | 636 | 342 |
| Workers (all) | 1402 | 757 | 645 |
| Main workers (total) | 422 | 386 | 36 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 328 | 322 | 6 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 42 | 25 | 17 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 12 | 7 | 5 |
| Main workers: Other | 40 | 32 | 8 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 980 | 371 | 609 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 28 | 3 | 25 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 752 | 284 | 468 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 135 | 76 | 59 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 65 | 8 | 57 |
| Non-workers | 1423 | 789 | 634 |
# James Wynn

James Wynn may refer to:
* Big Jim Wynn (1908-1977), American jump blues musician
* Jimmy Wynn (footballer) (1910-1986), English footballer, played for Southport, Rotherham Utd, and Rochdale
* Jimmy Wynn (1942-2020), American baseball player
* James Andrew Wynn (born 1954), American jurist
* James Wynn (actor), British actor, author and film maker
# Jamesia ramirezi

Jamesia ramirezi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Nearns and Tavakilian in 2012. It is known from Costa Rica.
# Jamesia globifera

Jamesia globifera is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1801. It is known from Costa Rica, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Panama, French Guiana, Nicaragua, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname, Guyana, and Venezuela.
# Jamesia phileta

Jamesia phileta is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Dillon and Dillon in 1945. It is known from Peru.
# Jane Green (singer)

Jane Green (born Martha Jane Greene, January 2, 1897 – August 28, 1931) was an American actress and singer who was popular in the 1920s.

## Biography

Jane Green was born in Kentucky on January 2, 1897, as Martha Jane Greene, the only daughter to Charles Frederick Greene Sr. and Lucinda Belle Willis. She had four older brothers, and was part Cherokee.
Her parents divorced in 1905, and Willis and her five children relocated to Los Angeles. In 1911, Jane and her brother Fred became known as "Those Kentucky Kids" and entertained people on Spring Street in Los Angeles.
During her career, she recorded over 30 phonograph records, and appeared in several early sound films.
In 1916, she met songwriter Jimmy Byler. They performed together and were signed by Florenz Ziegfeld for 9 O'Clock Review and Midnight Frolic. Green and Byler were married on September 30, 1918, and remained together until Byler's death in 1924.
During the 1920s, Green began her recording career and also appeared on Broadway. Her Broadway credits include Ziegfeld Nine O'Clock Review (1919), Greenwich Village Follies (1925), and Nifties of 1923 (1923).
Jane traveled to London in 1925 and performed at the Piccadilly Hotel and The Kit Kat Club. In 1927 she married pianist Ron Wilson. The following year she appeared in multiple film shorts in which Wilson accompanied her.
Green sang on the Blue Monday Jamboree on KFRC in San Francisco, California.
In 1930, Green became a Christian Scientist. She died on August 28, 1931, obituaries note the cause being a paralytic stroke. Her body was cremated.
# Jan Ambjørn

Jan Ambjørn is a Danish theoretical physicist. He received his PhD in 1980 at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, followed by postdoctoral research positions at Caltech and Nordita. He has been employed at the Niels Bohr Institute from 1986, since 1992 as professor in theoretical physics. From 2003 to 2010 he was also a professor at Utrecht University, and since 2012 he has been a professor at Radboud University, both in the Netherlands.
Ambjørn has worked on a large number of different topics. As a PhD student he worked together with his adviser P. Olesen on understanding the vacuum structure of QCD, using a model called the Copenhagen Vacuum. Later they developed the theory of magnetism in the electroweak theory. It provides a very simple physical realisation of anti-screening, an effect associated with asymptotically free quantum field theories.
Together with B. Durhuus and Jürg Fröhlich he proposed a non-perturbative formulation of the boson string theory, using what became known as dynamical triangulation. The formalism provides a successful description of so-called non-critical strings, which can also be viewed as two-dimensional quantum gravity coupled to matter with a central charge c<1. Using dynamical triangulation, he and Y. Watabiki calculated the so-called two-point function of pure two-dimensional quantum gravity (c=0), showing that the Hausdorff dimension of pure 2d gravity is 4.
Ambjørn used dynamical triangulation to provide a lattice regularization of three- and four-dimensional quantum gravity. The hope was that a four-dimensional quantum theory of gravity is asymptotically safe, with a non-perturbative UV fixed point, and that this fixed point could be found in the regularized lattice theory which then would provide a non-perturbative well-defined theory of quantum gravity. While there are calculations supporting the idea of an UV fixed point in quantum gravity, it has been difficult to find higher-order phase transition lines in the lattice theory where this fixed point can located.
Faced by the difficulties of finding second-order phase transitions in the four-dimensional lattice gravity theory based on dynamical triangulation, Ambjørn and Renate Loll suggested a modified lattice theory, now called causal dynamical triangulation. The name refers to the fact that the time direction on the lattice is treated differently from the spatial directions, by insisting that the (lattice) spacetimes which appear in the path integral have a time foliation. The model was first proposed in two-dimensional spacetime, where it could be solved analytically, and later generalized to three and four dimensions by Ambjørn, Loll and J. Jurkiewicz. The higher-dimensional models can be studied by computer simulations and second-order phase transition lines have been found. A UV fixed point can potentially by located on one of these lines.
As of 2022, Ambjørn has published 285 articles in refereed journals, 2 monographs and 70 proceeding contributions.
# Jan Kleczyński

Jan Kleczyński is the name of:
* Jan Kleczyński, Sr. (1837–1895), Polish pianist, composer, music critic, and chess player
* Jan Kleczyński, Jr. (1875–1939), Polish critic and chess player