OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phragmoceratidae

The Phragmoceratidae is a family of extinct nautiloid cephalopods from the Order Discosorida that lived during the latter part of the Silurian.

## Diagnosis

Phragmoceratids are characterized by generally compressed, upwardly curved endogastric shells with slit-like apertures for egress and ventral siphuncles with broadly expanded segments, thick connecting rings, and small to vestigial bullettes.
Phragmoceratids are morphologically similar in regards to their constricted apertures to the more cylindrical and orthoconic Mandaloceratidae, also discosorids, and to the oncocerid Hemiphragmoceratidae (Sweet 1964); both which also come from the Silurian.

## Derivation

The Phragmoceratidae are derived from the Ordovician Cyrtogomphoceratidae which are also endogastric but with open, unconstricted apertures and well-developed bullettes in the siphuncle.

## Phylogeny

The family has its beginning with the Middle Silurian Protophragmoceras, known from a gradually and evenly expanding endogastric shell with an unrestricted aperture, like that of its cyrtogomphoceratid ancestors, deep sharp hyponomic sinus for the water-jet funnel, and ventral siphuncle, phragmoceratid in character.
Protophragmoceras gave rise to the Middle Silurian Phragmoceras, which gave rise to the closely related Middle Silurian Tubiferoceras and to the Upper Silurian Pristeroceras and Phragmocerina. Protophagmoceras also gave rise to the less characteristic but still included Middle Silurian Endoplectoceras and Sthenoceras, which extends into the Lower Devonian.

## Genera

Phragmoceras, type genus, is known by its moderately large, strongly curved, rapidly enlarging, endogastric and compressed shell with a vertically constricted aperture that opens up at either end. The siphuncle is close to the concave ventral margin, segments broadly expanded, connecting rings thick, bullettes identifiable.
Tubiferoceras is similar to Phragmocreas except that the dorsal expansion of the aperture sits on a tubular extension and the shell is straighter and more rapidly expanding.
Pristeroceras differs from Phragmoceras in having a crenulated margin to the aperture. Phragmocerina is less compressed than Phragmoceras but with a similar aperture and like Phragmoceras is endogastric in the early stages but becomes straight in the later.
Endoplectoceras is similar to Protophragmoceras except the shell is more slender and has faint trochoidal coiling.
Sthenoceras has a fairly large, smooth endogastric shell, more strongly curved in the early stages, aperture that is only slightly contracted, and siphuncle with variably expanded segments and small bulletes.
Contemporary cephalopods include oncocerids, barrandeocerids, orthocerids, and actinocerids.
# Hollender

Hollender is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Marc Hollender (1916–1998), American psychiatrist
* Jeffrey Hollender (born 1954), American businessman and writer
* Pål Hollender (born 1968), Swedish film director
* Tadeusz Hollender (1910–1943), Polish poet, translator and humorist
# Gateway Pass

Gateway Pass (71°40′S 68°47′W﻿ / ﻿71.667°S 68.783°W﻿ / -71.667; -68.783) is a mountain pass about 5 nautical miles (9 km) long lying between the mountain Astarte Horn and Offset Ridge in eastern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was mapped by the Directorate of Overseas Surveys from satellite imagery supplied by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, and was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee because the feature serves as a "gateway" giving access to the interior of Alexander Island from the head of Venus Glacier.
# Anthony Carr

Anthony Carr may refer to:
* Anthony Carr (psychic) (born 1943), Canadian psychic
* Tony Carr (born 1950), English football coach and former player
* Tony Carr (basketball) (born 1997), American basketball player
* Anthony Carr (born 1965), American murderer convicted of the Parker family murders
# 2014 Richmond, California municipal elections

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The Richmond, California 2014 city election decided the mayor, three council members, and one measure submitted to the voters of Richmond, California on November 4, 2014. The election attracted national attention due to the amount of money spent by Chevron both for and against various candidates. Chevron created two political action committees (both named Moving Forward) and contributed $2,933,363.90 to them amounting to a total of about $30 per city resident. The only other source of money for them was $5000 each from the Richmond Police Officers Association and the local Firefighter's union. As of October 10, they spent $1.4 Million supporting Nat Bates for mayor and Donna Powers, Charles Ramsey and Al Martinez for the city council. They spent a further $500,000 on negative campaigning against council candidates Gayle McLaughlin, Jovanka Beckles and Eduardo Martinez. The other major candidate for mayor, Tom Butt, had a campaign budget of just over $22,000.
In the general election, all of the candidates Chevron supported were defeated.
# Pie de Pepe

Pie de Pepe is a village in Medio Baudó Municipality, Chocó Department in Colombia.

## Climate

Pie de Pepe has a very wet tropical rainforest climate (Af).
Climate data for Pie de Pepe :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.4 (86.7) | 31.0 (87.8) | 30.8 (87.4) | 31.1 (88.0) | 30.7 (87.3) | 31.0 (87.8) | 30.8 (87.4) | 30.6 (87.1) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.9 (85.8) | 30.1 (86.2) | 30.6 (87.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.3 (79.3) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.1 (79.0) | 26.0 (78.8) | 26.2 (79.2) | 26.4 (79.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.4 (72.3) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.2 (72.0) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.1 (71.8) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.3 (72.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 561.4 (22.10) | 476.0 (18.74) | 491.4 (19.35) | 468.6 (18.45) | 506.3 (19.93) | 518.3 (20.41) | 626.0 (24.65) | 582.4 (22.93) | 547.3 (21.55) | 555.2 (21.86) | 549.1 (21.62) | 545.1 (21.46) | 6,427.1 (253.05) |
| Average rainy days | 17 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 200 |
| Source 1: ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: ||||||||||||||
# Kyle Sorensen

Kyle Sorensen (born June 22, 1986) is a Canadian lacrosse player who plays defense for the Washington Stealth of the National Lacrosse League and the Toronto Nationals of Major League Lacrosse. He played for the Peterborough Lakers before the NLL and attended Bellarmine University before he was drafted into the NLL with the second selection of the 2006 NLL Entry Draft.

## Statistics
### NLL

| | | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | LB | PIM |
| 2007 | San Jose | 15 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 58 | 38 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 4 |
| 2008 | San Jose | 16 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 77 | 55 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 0 |
| 2009 | San Jose | 16 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 97 | 29 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 4 |
| NLL Totals | NLL Totals | 47 | 16 | 19 | 35 | 232 | 122 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 33 | 8 |
# Joseph Boivin

Attorney Joseph Boivin (September 21, 1866 - July 6, 1930) was a co-founder and first president of the first credit union established in the United States, Ste. Marie's Cooperative Credit Association.

## Early life

The son of Stanislas and Marie (Doucet) Boivin, Joseph Auguste Boivin was born September 21, 1866, in Coaticook, Quebec, Canada. Mr. Boivin contracted polio as a child and lost one leg to complications of the illness. He studied at Saint Hyacinthe College, Coaticook, and lived for several years in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec. Boivin immigrated to Manchester, New Hampshire, on October 1, 1883. He studied law in the offices of Burnham, Brown, Jones and Warren, and later with Judge George W. Prescott. He was admitted to the New Hampshire Bar in December 1899 and, subsequently, to the Hillsborough County Bar Association. He studied at St. Anselm College in neighboring Goffstown, where he also taught French.

## Career

In 1902, Boivin represented Manchester's Ward 9 at the constitutional convention. He served as treasurer for L'Association Canado-American. His law office was located in the Kennard Building, 314–315 Elm Street, Manchester, where he also served as a justice of the peace, insurance agent and real estate broker. He started the credit union on November 24, 1908, through a collaboration with Monsignor Pierre Hevey of Ste. Marie Church and guidance from Alphonse Desjardins, the Canadian credit union pioneer. Boivin volunteered his time in the evenings and, assisted by his wife Emma, an able and experienced bookkeeper, ran it out of his home at 420 Notre Dame Avenue in Manchester. America's Credit Union Museum now occupies the location of his home, where the credit union, now known as St. Mary's Bank, first operated.
Among his many accomplishments, Joseph Boivin served as a school board member and as Commissioner of the Water Department in Manchester. He was a member of the Council Hevey of Union St. Jean Baptiste l'Amerique and of L'Artisans Canadien-Francais, a French professional association. An avid singer and music lover, he was a devout Catholic who sang in the choir at Ste. Marie Church on Notre Dame Avenue; this participation required that he climb the long, narrow staircase leading to the choir loft for weekly rehearsals and Masses, in spite of the loss of one leg. His deep faith led him to counsel French-Canadian residents of Manchester in sound financial planning and saving. His common practice when sought out for divorce cases was to counsel couples to remain together, work out their problems and honor their marriage vows. For his strong sense of values and deep commitments to family, church and community, Boivin was loved and respected by all who knew him.

## Personal life

He married Miss Emma Gilbert of Lewiston, Maine, in September 1901; they had four children between 1902 and 1907: Dominique, Therese, Gilberte and Gertrude.
Boivin suffered with chronic nephritis for several months in 1930; he died at home (420 Notre Dame Avenue) on Sunday, July 6, 1930, of myocarditis. He is buried in the Boivin family lot at Mount Calvary Cemetery in Manchester.
# Joseph Boggs Beale

Joseph Boggs Beale (December 10, 1841 – February 26, 1926) was an American artist. He is one of the most renowned artists to work with the magic lantern.

## Early life

Beale was born on December 10, 1841, in Philadelphia, the eldest child of Louise Boggs McCord (1815–1887) and Dr. Steven Thomas Beale (1814–1899), a dentist and founder of the Pennsylvania Association of Dental Surgeons. He was also a great-grandnephew of Betsy Ross.
He attended Central High School, and later studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. In August 1862, he got a job as a teacher at Central High School, a position that Thomas Eakins also applied for.

## Career

Beale began as an oil painter, serving as a war artist for the 2nd Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment during the American Civil War, from June to August 1863.
After the war, Beale moved to Chicago. There, he worked as an illustrator for Harper's Magazine, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, and The Daily Graphic. In 1868, he married a woman named Mary Louise Taffart. He returned to Philadelphia after the Great Chicago Fire in 1871.
After returning to Philadelphia, Beale was hired as an illustrator at Caspar W. Briggs & Sons, a seller of glass slides. He created 1,804 black-and-white paintings while working there. He created these paintings using charcoal, contrasted with ink wash painting. His paintings were usually about United States history, Bible stories, and children's literature.
Beale died in his home in Germantown on February 26, 1926, aged 84. An avid rower, he was the oldest member of the Undine Barge Club at the time of his death.
# Joseph F. Hlavacek

Joseph F. Hlavacek (July 13, 1921 – July 5, 1982) was an American painter from Whitewater, Wisconsin whose paintings, mixed oil and metal collages, drawings, and prints on themes of the natural world won him much acclaim in the Midwest and from art critics around the country. He was also recognized as a potter and draftsman.

## Biography

Hlavacek was born on July 13, 1921, in Kenosha, Wisconsin, to Frank and Cecilia Hlavacek of Czech/Yugoslavian descent. He graduated from the Layton School of Art in Milwaukee in 1949 (a school that would also produce artists Paul Faulkner, Knute Heldner, Karl Priebe, Walter Sheffer, among others). He received his master's degree in fine arts from the Instituto Allende, San Miguel de Allende, Mexico, in 1970. He was faculty in the art department at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater from 1964 until his death in 1982.
Hlavacek was known for both the "force and originality of his symbolism...and the bold simplification of form and color which was his trademark" (The Milwaukee Journal, July 6, 1982). His inspiration came from the Wisconsin landscape and local plants, animals, and insects, and butterflies were a common theme in his later work. Following his study in San Miguel de Allende, Hlavacek's work also took on color palettes, objects, and patterns reminiscent of indigenous Mexican art.
Hlavacek described his motivation in an interview in 1952: "Today's world is just too real, too much with us, so I like to deal with what some might term unreality."

## Recognition

In 1952 he won first place in Hallmark's Second International Art Competition. His entry was reproduced in Life magazine. He also received purchase awards in Gimbels' Wisconsin Centennial competition and the Wisconsin Renaissance competition sponsored by Marine Banks. His art appears in many public and private collections, including those of the Milwaukee Art Museum, Museum of Wisconsin Art, Marquette University, Alverno College, The University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, and the Bergstrom-Mahler Museum, among many others.

## Personal life

Hlavacek was married to Joyce Hlavacek (Colburn) and had two sons, Fredric and Peter Hlavacek.
# Josip Vogrinc

Josip Vogrinc is a former international table tennis player from Yugoslavia.
He won a bronze medal in the Swaythling Cup (men's team event) at the 1951 World Table Tennis Championships.
# Joseph P. Winston House

Joseph P. Winston House, also known as the Winston House, is a historic residence in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It was built in 1873-1874 for wholesale grocer Joseph P. Winston, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, three-bay, brick residence. It features a half-story, ogee-curved mansard roof with black slate shingles. It also has an elaborate cast-iron front porch and original cast-iron picket fence with gate. Also included is the adjacent Richmond Art Company Building. It was designed in 1920 by prominent architect Duncan Lee, and is a three-story, stuccoed brick building in a Spanish-Mediterranean Revival style.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 11, 1979. It is located in the Grace Street Commercial Historic District.
# Josip Franjo Domin

Josip Franjo Domin (German: Joseph Franz Domin, Hungarian: József Ferenc Domin, 28 January 1754 – 19 January 1819) was a Croatian-Hungarian physicist, priest, physician and a pioneer of electrotherapy.

## Biography

Domin was born in Zagreb where he died. He was educated in Zagreb, Vienna, Leoben, Graz. In 1774 he graduated philosophy at the Royal Academy of Sciences and theology in 1776 in Zagreb. In 1777 in Trnava he received a doctorate in mathematics and became a full professor of theoretical and experimental physics, mechanics and economics at the Royal Academy of Sciences in Győr (1777-1785) and Pécs (1785-1792). At the Faculty of Arts in Budapest since 1792 he was a physics professor having succeeded Ionnes B. Horváth to the chair. He was dean of the faculty (1794-1796) and Rector of the university in Budapest (1798). Since 1800 he was a canon of Zagreb and since 1801 rector of Episcopal Seminary in Zagreb. Since 1799 he was a member of the Arcadian Academy in Naples and Honorary Doctor of the college and since 1802 a member of the Etruscan Academy in Cortona.

## Research and work

Domin dealt with the chemistry of gases and published a textbook, the first of its kind in Hungary of that time. He performed experiments with balloons, investigated the nature and propagation of sound and refuted an established opinion of that time about the use of sound for elimination of electricity (lightning). He investigated static electricity and its use in medicine, cured various diseases using electricity and has written four discussions on electrotherapy. Domin also perfected the electric igniter on hydrogen and described the principle of its operation and application.
# Josiah Zuro

Josiah Zuro (27 November 1887, in Białystok – October 18, 1930, in La Jolla, California) was a Russian-American pianist, conductor and film composer.

## Early life

Josiah Zuro was the son of Louis Zuro, a Russian immigrant who became a producer of opera and Josiah's collaborator, and Leah Zuro. Josiah studied music at the conservatory in Odessa before immigrating to the US in April 1906.

## Conductor

Zuro directed orchestras and opera companies in New York and Boston. He was assistant conductor at the Manhattan Opera House in Oscar Hammerstein I's company. He was also musical director at several New York theatres. He directed grand opera in San Francisco in 1915 while the World's Fair was being held there.

## Free Concerts

Zuro was widely known in New York for his efforts to bring classical music to the public at nominal charge and for his aid to young American musicians who found it difficult to get a hearing in public. For several seasons he conducted free Sunday concerts at New York theatres, organizing in 1924 the Sunday Symphony Society. Zuro himself directed an orchestra of sixty-four musicians and rehearsed the soloists who were to appear each week. His idea of giving the concerts on Sunday was to provide a closer tie between music and religion, and each performance was accompanied by a speech by some person prominent in public life, usually a minister.
In 1924 John Haynes Holmes characterized the Sunday performances as a "ministry of music", adding that "this service, religious in character, rises to a plane of dignity and beauty which makes musicians priests of the loveliest of arts." Zuro also organized a New York opera company of his own, known as the Zuro Opera Company, and made several tours. In the summer of 1925 he managed a free municipal opera project, producing three open-air operas in Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, before large crowds.

## Film Composer

In the 1920s, Zuro moved to Hollywood to compose for Paramount Pictures and Pathé Studios movies, among them The Covered Wagon (1923), The King of Kings (1927), The Jazz Age (1929), High Voltage (1929), and Holiday (1930). He was chosen in 1929 to supervise the movie production of seven grand operas.

## Death

Zuro died in an ambulance on the way to Scripps Memorial Hospital at La Jolla, California, on Saturday night, October 18, 1930, having been injured when the car he was driving left the highway and overturned on Torrey Pines Road north of San Diego. He was 42 years old.
The film composer Oscar Potoker was a passenger and was injured but survived. Zuro and Potoker had both lived in the same building, 8439 Sunset Blvd, Hacienda Arms Apartments, according to the 1930 US census. Funeral services for Zuro were held at the Glasband & Groman Mortuary in Los Angeles; the body was taken to New York for burial by train the following day. Josiah Zuro is interred in Mount Lebanon Cemetery, Queens, New York, Block C, Section 15.
# Josie Russell

Josie Russell may refer to:
* Josie Russell (Home and Away), fictional character from Australian TV soap opera Home and Away
* Josie Russell, British woman who, as a child, was attacked by Michael Stone but survived
# Joseph Mailman

Joseph Lawrence Mailman was an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist.
Mailman was born in Utica, New York, the son of Jewish immigrants, and attended Syracuse University. Along with his brother Abraham Mailman, Joseph founded the Utica Knife and Razor Company in 1920, which was later incorporated into the Mailman Corporation and was one of the first conglomerates to have been formed. He and his brother founded the Persona Blade Company in 1928, the British Rubber Company in 1934, and was chairman of Air Express International.
In addition to his successful business career, he engaged in numerous philanthropic pursuits, especially health and education causes. He was a leading fundraiser for the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies. He also assisted families escaping horrors of Nazi Germany. With his brother, he established the Mailman Foundation in 1943, which continues his charitable work. In recognition of a 33-million-dollar gift from the foundation, the School of Public Health at Columbia University was named the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in his honor.
Mr. Mailman died of lymphoma on July 9, 1990, at his home in Manhattan the age of 88.
# Joseph Mainzer

Joseph Mainzer (21 October 1801 – 10 November 1851) was a German music teacher, who spent the last period of his life in the United Kingdom, promoting a vision of choral singing for the masses, as part of the singing-class movement.

## Life

Born at Trier 21 October 1801, Mainzer was educated in the maîtrise of Trier Cathedral, and learned several musical instruments. He worked subsequently in the Saarbrücken coal mines with the view of becoming an engineer; and after a time was ordained a Catholic priest in 1826, afterwards being made an abbé. He was appointed singing-master to the college at Trier.
Mainzer left Germany on account of his political opinions, and in 1833 went to Brussels. There he wrote an opera, and acted as musical editor of L'Artiste. Moving to Paris, he taught popular singing classes and contributed musical articles to journals.
In 1839 Mainzer went to the United Kingdom, and in 1841 he competed unsuccessfully for the music chair at the University of Edinburgh. He was in Edinburgh till about 1848, when he left for Manchester. There he died, 10 November 1851.

## Works

Mainzer's best-known work was Singing for the Million, London, 1841. It passed through many editions, and its title was taken by Thomas Hood as the subject of a humorous poem. The system was the French method of solfège with absolute pitch: Mainzer himself had success with it. His other works include:
* Singschule: oder Praktische Anweisung zum Gesange, Trier, 1831.
* Treatise on Musical Grammar and the Principles of Harmony London, 1843.
* The Gaelic Psalm Tunes of Ross-shire and the Neighbouring Counties, Edinburgh, 1844, mostly recorders from the singing of the traditional teachers.
* The Standard Psalmody of Scotland, Edinburgh, 1845, based on the old tunes in John Knox's Psalter.
* Music and Education, London, 1848.
Mainzer's Musical Times, which he founded, was the basis of The Musical Times, still published. His musical compositions were largely ephemeral.