OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Orwell Township, Otter Tail County, Minnesota

Orwell Township is a township in Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 173 at the 2000 census.

## History

Orwell Township was organized in 1886, and named after Orwell, Vermont.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 34.9 square miles (90.4 km$^2$), of which 33.4 square miles (86.4 km$^2$) is land and 1.5 square miles (4.0 km$^2$) (4.44%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 173 people, 62 households, and 49 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.2 people per square mile (2.0/km$^2$). There were 68 housing units at an average density of 2.0/sq mi (0.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.84% White, 0.58% African American, and 0.58% from two or more races.
There were 62 households, out of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.7% were married couples living together, 3.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.4% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the township the population was spread out, with 30.6% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 130.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 118.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $29,375, and the median income for a family was $28,750. Males had a median income of $26,875 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,757. About 10.0% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under the age of eighteen and 12.5% of those 65 or over.
# Paradoxus (disambiguation)

Paradoxus is a genus of moths of the family Yponomeutidae.
Paradoxus may also refer to:

## Biology

It is used for species with unexpected features.
* Brachychiton paradoxus, a species of tree
* Cyrtodactylus paradoxus, a species of gecko
* Dilong paradoxus, a genus tyrannosauroid dinosaur
* Dissocarpus paradoxus, a species of shrub
* Helianthus paradoxus, a species of sunflower
* Hippocampus paradoxus, a species of seahorse
* Idiosepius paradoxus, a species of squid
* Lactarius paradoxus, a species of mushroom
* Lepidocyrtus paradoxus, a species of springtail
* Leucopaxillus paradoxus, a species of fungus
* Liaoningosaurus paradoxus, a genus of ankylosaurian dinosaurs
* Merluccius paradoxus, a species of fish
* Menemerus paradoxus, a species of spider
* Metoecus paradoxus, a species of beetle
* Metopides paradoxus, a species of beetle
* Ornithorhyncus paradoxus, a species of platypus
* Paradoxus osyridellus, a species of moth
* Paropta paradoxus, a species of moth
* Platerodrilus paradoxus, a species of beetle
* Saccharomyces paradoxus, a species of yeast
* Solenodon paradoxus, a species of solenodon
* Solenostomus paradoxus, a species of fish
* Variovorax paradoxus, a species of bacteria
* Xanthostemon paradoxus, a species of tree

## Medicine

* Pulsus paradoxus, a blood pressure drop during inspiration
# Letter 47 (Seneca)

Seneca the Younger's Letter 47 of his Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, sometimes known as On Master and Slave or On Slavery, is an essayistic look at dehumanization in the context of slavery in ancient Rome. It was a criticism of aspects of Roman slavery, without outright opposition to it (Seneca was himself a slaveholder), and had a favorable later reception by Enlightenment philosophers and subsequently the 19th century abolitionist movement. Conversely, the text has also been seen as a proslavery apologia, as well as in the light of the Stoic philosophical idea that "all men are slaves".
Historical Stoicism believed in human equality by natural law, but also recognized positive law. It was in disagreement with Aristotle's earlier concept of natural slavery. As such, Seneca made objection to behavior seen as particularly degrading such as corporal punishment and sexual exploitation of enslaved people, but not to the overall social system.

## Influence

As a Roman letter expressing ambivalence about slavery from the 1st century, it has been compared to the early Christian writing in Paul's Epistle to Philemon. And Gregory of Nyssa in the 4th century condemns slavery outright, in rhetorical terms that may draw from Seneca, but that go beyond him.
In support of his argument, Seneca references the proverb totidem hostes esse quot servos ("as many enemies as you have slaves"), cited by many Europeans in the early Atlantic slave trade as a caution against slave rebellion.
Hegel's master–slave dialectic in The Phenomenology of Spirit of 1807 picked up the philosophical theme, later commented on by Jean-Paul Sartre in the 20th century.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau's sequel to the 1762 Emile, or On Education sees the novel's protagonist sold into the Barbary slave trade, and develops Seneca's ideas, while taking them further to show slavery as inherently unjust. The letter is quoted in the British abolitionist William Wilberforce's 1807 A Letter on the Abolition of the Slave Trade, and is mentioned in Pierre-Suzanne-Augustin Cochin's L'Abolition de l'esclavage in 1861 amid the American Civil War. Seneca's writings were popular with African American activists, and may have inspired the naming of the free settlement of Seneca Village in early 19th century New York City, a possible influence of the African Free School. At an 1855 raid in Washington, D.C., as police asked African American activists "whether they had anything to say", an activist simply placed three books on the desk: the Bible, Life in Earnest, and Seneca's Morals, and requested their examination.
# LPGA Skins Game

The LPGA Skins Game was an unofficial-money golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1990 to 2003. It was played at the Stonebriar Country Club in Frisco, Texas from 1990 to 1998 and at the Wailea Golf Club in Wailea, Hawaii in 2003.

## Winners
### ConAgra LPGA Skins Game

* 2003 Karrie Webb

### JCPenney/LPGA Skins Game

* 1999-2002 No tournament
* 1998 Laura Davies
* 1997 Annika Sörenstam
* 1996 Laura Davies
* 1995 Dottie Mochrie
* 1994 Patty Sheehan
* 1993 Betsy King
* 1992 Pat Bradley
* 1991 No tournament
* 1990 Jan Stephenson
# Phasmodes

Phasmodes, known as stick katydids, is a genus of Australian insects in the family Tettigoniidae and the only genus within the subfamily Phasmodinae.

## Species

The Orthoptera species file lists:
* Phasmodes jeeba Rentz, 1993
* Phasmodes nungeroo Rentz, 1993
* Phasmodes ranatriformis Westwood, 1843
# Adroit

Adroit may refer to:
* Adroit class minesweeper, a U.S. Navy minesweeper class
* Adroitness, a personality trait related to agreeableness
* HMAS Adroit (P 82), an Attack-class patrol boat
* L'Adroit class destroyer, a group of fourteen French navy destroyers
* USS Adroit (AM-82), an Adroit-class minesweeper
* USS Adroit (MSO-509), an Acme-class minesweeper
* USS Adroit (SP-248), a steam yacht
# Michael Brough

Michael Brough may refer to:
* Michael Brough (game designer) (born 1985), New Zealand video game developer
* Michael Brough (footballer) (born 1981), English footballer
# List of ship commissionings in 1876

The list of ship commissionings in 1862 includes a chronological list of all ships commissioned in 1862.
| Date | Operator | Ship | Class and type | Other notes |
| 10 January | United States Navy | Vandalia | Screw sloop | |
| 3 October | United States Navy | Essex | Wooden screw steamer | |
| 24 November | United States Navy | Passaic | Passaic-class monitor | Second commissioning |
| 27 November | United States Navy | Ranger | Steamship | Later renamed Rockport, then Nantucket |

## Citations

* ↑ Silverstone, p. 33
# Lady Kul El Arab

Lady Kul El-Arab is a 2008 Israeli documentary directed by Ibtisam Mara'ana which tells the story of Doaa "Angelina" Fares, a Druze model who entered the Miss Israel beauty contest in 2007. This caused some resentment from Israel's Druze community, and she dropped out of the contest following death threats against her for dishonouring her community and the subsequent arrest of five people, among them two of her uncles, for planning her murder.

## Awards

* 2009 ZagrebDox - International Competition Award
* 2008 New Delhi International Women Film Festival - Best Director Award
* 2008 IDFA Silver Wolf Competition - Special Jury Award
# Papakura Normal School

Papakura Normal School is a coeducational state primary school of Papakura in Auckland, New Zealand.
The school is located approximately 30 kilometres south of the Auckland City Centre, situated on the suburban boundary of Takanini and Papakura.
The school educates children from years 0 to 8 (5-year-old to 13-year-old students).
Papakura Normal School opened in 1953 as Papakura North School situated on the boundary of Papakura Military Camp.
During 1958, the school's name North changed to Normal, The word Normal represents the word normale from the French language which means teaching school. At that time a models block was set up and operated as an independent "school within a school". This was to provide opportunities for trainee teachers to experience teaching in a small rural environment. The models block was closed in 2008 and Papakura Normal School went from a small rural school, to what is now known as a large, popular urban school.
A new classroom block and administration area were built in 2007 next to the Walters Road entrance. An extensive upgrade to the school's buildings began in 2008 with the senior and models blocks being the first to be improved. The Junior block is due for upgrading in 2010.
The school draws from a large range of socio-economic backgrounds, with 54% of the school's pupils being of Māori descent in July 2009.
The school doesn't just have adult leaders it has school leaders and head boy/girl which is picked from year 8's picked by both students and teachers count. Papakura Normal has head students to guide the younger generation at their school and to create a bright road for both their learning and their hauora.
The school's former Principal, Judy Morgan, retired in May 2017. Derek Linington was appointed tumuaki/principal in May 2017.
# Lesticus purpurascens

Lesticus purpurascens is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Straneo in 1959.
# LPGC Ayame

LPG/C Ayame is a Very Large Gas Carrier (VLGC), with a capacity of 83,000 m$^3$ (2,900,000 cu ft), delivered in 2010 from MHI Ltd. of Nagasaki, and under the management of Wilhelmsen Lines Malaysia.

## Ship history

On 30 April 2010 the LPG carrier Ayame was completed at the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagasaki Shipyard. A naming ceremony was held on 22 April at the shipyard, with guests including Ikuhiro Ochi, President/Managing Director of the shipowner. Mitsui O.S.K. Lines Managing Executive Officer Tsuneo Watanabe, who named the vessel, and Astomos Energy Corporation Senior Managing Director Tatsuhiko Yamazaki, who cut the rope.
The Ayame is the third 83,000m3-class LPG carrier ordered from MHI. The first, the Musanah, was delivered on 4 December 2009, and the second, the Aquamarine Progress, on 15 January 2010. Upon its launching, the Ayama was assigned to an LPG carrier pool operated by LPG Global Transport Management Inc. and left on its maiden voyage to load cargo in the Middle East.
Common Route: – Japan – Singapore – Indonesia – Ruwais
# Pharmasave Gimli Classic

The Pharmasave Gimli Classic was a bonspiel, or curling tournament, that took place at either the Gimli Curling Club or the Gimli Recreation Centre in Gimli, Manitoba. It was part of the Manitoba Curling Tour and sometimes part of the World Curling Tour. It ran from at least 2002 to 2009, and has not been held since.
The 2012 event was scheduled to be held from February 3 to 5 as part of the 2011–12 World Curling Tour, but was cancelled.

## Past champions

Only skip's name is displayed.
| Year | Winning team | Runner up team | Purse (CAD) |
| 2002 | Scott McFadyen | Duane Grierson | |
| 2003 | Chris Galbraith | Ian Beavis | |
| 2004 | Vic Peters | Chris Galbraith | $14,500 |
| 2005 | Brendan Taylor | Andrew Wickman | $14,500 |
| 2006 | Pete Nicholls | Vic Peters | $14,500 |
| 2007 | Chris Galbraith | Daley Peters | $14,500 |
| 2008 | Peter Nicholls | Bob Sigurdson | |
| 2009 | Brendan Taylor | Reid Carruthers | |
| 2010 | Cancelled | Cancelled | |
| 2012 | Cancelled | Cancelled | $14,500 |
# Mickey Ion

Frederick James "Mickey" Ion (February 25, 1886 – October 26, 1964) was a Canadian professional lacrosse player and ice hockey referee. He was referee-in-chief of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) and later the referee-in-chief of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame.

## History

A professional lacrosse player with the Toronto Tecumsehs in 1909, Ion signed with the Vancouver Lacrosse Club team in 1911. The team was run by hockey entrepreneurs Lester Patrick and Frank Patrick, and when they started the Pacific Coast Hockey Association in 1911, they hired several of their lacrosse players—Ion among them—to referee the league's games.
Ion quickly became the league's chief referee. He was well known as being an iron man, officiating as many as four or five games in a week throughout western Canada.
Ion joined the Western Canada Hockey League as senior official when the PCHA folded in 1924, and the National Hockey League in 1926 when the western loop folded as well. He was later named referee-in-chief of the NHL, a position he held until 1942.
He was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame—one of the first three referees to be so honoured—in 1961.

### All-Star Team

Among his innovations was the first known season-ending All-Star team, the naming of which was a regular practice of his from then on and which received much publicity each year. His first such selection, in the 1913–14 PCHA season, had Hugh Lehman of New Westminster in goal, Ernie Johnson of New Westminster and Frank Patrick of Vancouver on defence, Cyclone Taylor of Vancouver as the rover, and Tom Dunderdale of Victoria, Eddie Oatman of New Westminster and Dubbie Kerr of Victoria at forward.

## Lacrosse career

Ion was primarily a defensive player in the 'cover point' and three 'defense' positions with a decent knack for goals-scoring—an unusual occurrence back in those days. He played with Toronto Tecumsehs in 1909 and came out west with the team in its Minto Cup challenge. He then moved west in 1911 when the Vancouver Lacrosse Club team in the professional BCLA league signed him. He played three seasons with Vancouver but then signed with the New Westminster Salmonbellies for the 1914 season. He would return to Vancouver for the 1915 season. Ion played one more season of professional field lacrosse in British Columbia with Vancouver in 1919. He then became the chief referee in the professional league for the 1921 season.

### Jail sentence

Ion was handed a 10-day jail sentence on October 30, 1909, in front of Judge Winchester in Toronto, for kicking fellow lacrosse player George Kalls in the face during a lacrosse game between the Tecumsehs and the Torontos on Civic Holiday (August 2) 1909. Toronto Tecumseh captain Charles Querrie, along with a big group of other lacrosse men, attended the court when Ion was handed his verdict.
# Broadway Fever

Broadway Fever is a 1929 American silent comedy film directed by Edward F. Cline and starring Sally O'Neil, Roland Drew and Corliss Palmer. It is now considered a lost film.

## Cast

* Sally O'Neil as Sally McAllister
* Roland Drew as Eric Byron
* Corliss Palmer as Lila Leroy
* Calvert Carter as Butler
# Harding Professor of Statistics in Public Life

The Harding Professorship of Statistics in Public Life (formerly known as the Winton Professorship of the Public Understanding of Risk) is a professorship within the Statistical Laboratory of the University of Cambridge. It was established in 2007 in perpetuity by a benefaction of £3.3m from the Winton Charitable Foundation, later known as the David and Claudia Harding Foundation. It is the only professorship of its type in the United Kingdom. There is an associated internet-based program devoted to understanding uncertainty.

## List of Harding Professors

* David Spiegelhalter (2007–2020)
* John Aston (2021–)
# 1889 NYU Violets football team

The 1889 NYU Violets football team was an American football team that represented New York University as an independent during the 1889 college football season. The Violets compiled an 0–2 record for the season.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| November 23 | Clinton Athletic Club | Governors IslandNew York, NY | L 0–10 | |
| November 29 | vs. CCNY | Manhattan Athletic Club GroundsNew York, NY | L 0–22 | |
# La Grandeza

La Grandeza is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Chiapas in southern Mexico.
As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 7,272, up from 5,969 as of 2005. It covers an area of 52.2 km$^2$.
As of 2010, the town of La Grandeza had a population of 1,044. Other than the town of La Grandeza, the municipality had 44 localities, none of which had a population over 1,000.
# Bruce Simpson

Bruce Simpson may refer to:
* Bruce Simpson (athlete) (born 1950), Canadian Olympic pole vaulter
* Bruce Simpson (blogger), New Zealand blogger
# Administrative divisions of Georgia

Administrative divisions of Georgia may refer to:
* Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)
* Administrative divisions of Georgia (U.S. state)
# List of schools in Tsuen Wan District

This is a list of schools in Tsuen Wan District, Hong Kong.

## Secondary schools
### Government

* Tsuen Wan Government Secondary School

### Aided

* AD&FD POHL Leung Sing Tak College (博愛醫院歷屆總理聯誼會梁省德中學)
* Ho Fung College (sponsored by Sik Sik Yuen) (可風中學（嗇色園主辦）)
* Ho Koon Nature Education cum Astronomical Centre (可觀自然教育中心暨天文館)
* Liu Po Shan Memorial College (廖寶珊紀念書院)
* Lui Ming Choi Lutheran College (路德會呂明才中學)
* PLK Lee Shing Pik College (保良局李城璧中學)
* PLK Yao Ling Sun College (保良局姚連生中學)
* Po On Commercial Association Siu Ching Secondary School (寶安商會王少清中學)
* SKH Li Ping Secondary School (聖公會李炳中學)
* St Francis Xavier's School, Tsuen Wan (荃灣聖芳濟中學)
* Textile Institute American Chamber of Commerce Woo Hon Fai Secondary School (紡織學會美國商會胡漢輝中學)
* Tsuen Wan Public Ho Chuen Yiu Memorial College (荃灣公立何傳耀紀念中學)
* YCH Lim Por Yen Secondary School (仁濟醫院林百欣中學)

### Private

* Sear Rogers International School

## Primary schools
### Government

* Hoi Pa Street Government Primary School (海壩街官立小學)
* Tsuen Wan Government Primary School (荃灣官立小學)

### Aided

* CCC Chuen Yuen First Primary School (中華基督教會全完第一小學)
* CCC Kei Wai Primary School (中華基督教會基慧小學)
* CCC Kei Wai Primary School (Ma Wan) (中華基督教會基慧小學（馬灣）)
* Chai Wan Kok Catholic Primary School (柴灣角天主教小學)
* Emmanuel Primary School (靈光小學)
* HKTA Yuen Yuen Institute Shek Wai Kok Primary School (香港道教聯合會圓玄學院石圍角小學)
* Ho Shun Primary School (sponsored by Sik Sik Yuen) (嗇色園主辦可信學校)
* Holy Cross Lutheran School (路德會聖十架學校)
* Hong Kong Baptist Convention Primary School (香港浸信會聯會小學)
* Kwai-Ming Wu Memorial School of Precious Blood (寶血會伍季明紀念學校)
* Lei Muk Shue Catholic Primary School (梨木樹天主教小學)
* Mary of Providence Primary School (天佑小學)
* Shak Chung Shan Memorial Catholic Primary School (天主教石鐘山紀念小學)
* Sham Tseng Catholic Primary School (深井天主教小學)
* Si Yuan School of the Precious Blood (寶血會思源學校)
* SKH Chu Oi Primary School (Lei Muk Shue) (聖公會主愛小學（梨木樹）)
* Tsuen Wan Catholic Primary School (荃灣天主教小學)
* Tsuen Wan Chiu Chow Public School (荃灣潮州公學)
* Tsuen Wan Public Ho Chuen Yiu Memorial Primary School (荃灣公立何傳耀紀念小學)

### Private

* Rosebud Primary School (玫瑰蕾小學)

## Special schools
### Aided

* Hong Kong Red Cross Hospital Schools Yan Chai Hospital (香港紅十字會醫院學校)
# Lamberville, Seine-Maritime

Lamberville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region in northern France.

## Geography

Lamberville is a small farming village situated by the banks of the Vienne river in the Pays de Caux, some 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Dieppe at the junction of the D23 and the D55 roads.

## Places of interest

* The church of Notre-Dame, dating from the twelfth century.
* The château de Varenville and its park (shared with Bacqueville-en-Caux).
* Two old Normandy farmhouses.
# Orkney Natural History Society

The Orkney Natural History Society was a scientific society established in 1837 on Orkney, Scotland by Rev. William Stobbs, and Rev. William Clouston, L.L.D.
It was one of many provincial naturalist societies to emerge in Victorian Britain. Their role in contributing knowledge, collecting specimens, and fostering cultures of scientific inquiry outside the metropolitan centers is now widely recognized by historians of science.

## Founding

The Orkney Natural History Society was established on 28 December 1837 at Stromness, Orkney. Its first Annual Report stated that the society aimed at 'investigating the Natural History and Antiquities' of Orkney county, 'promoting of natural science by the support of a museum', and 'stimulating the inhabitants of these islands to study of the Almighty's works'. It organised public lectures and excursions and founded the Stromness Museum, which is still in existence today.
By 1838, the society's collection of specimens included 100 fossil fish, 400 minerals, 60 specimens of birds, 200 eggs, and 600 land plants.

## People

The first President was the Reverend Charles Clouston, a Prebystarian Minister from Stromness. The second president was the Rev. William Clouston, who published widely on Orkney flora and fauna. Members in this early period included marine botanist Dr Pollexfen, Dr Wallace, Dr P. Neill, and Dr Traill. Prominent botanist and astronomer Edward Joseph Lowe was an honorary member. The Society's First Annual Report listed 118 ordinary members.

## The Stromness Museum

The Orkney Natural History Society founded the Stromness Museum. The museum was intended to promote the study of the natural sciences. Specimens were sourced from Upper Canada, Norway, France, Italy, Britain and Orkney itself. It held notable collections in Orkney algae and birds.
In 1858, the museum moved into 52 Alfred Street, Stromness, above the Town Hall. In the 1920s, the Society bought up the Old Town Hall building where it remains today. The museum was re-opened on the site in February 1931 by Lord Lieutenant of Orkney.
Today, the museum features collections in natural history, maritime history, ethnography, archaeology and social history.
# Paralamyctes grayi

Paralamyctes grayi is a species of centipede in the Henicopidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was first described in 2001 by palaeontologist Gregory Edgecombe.

## Distribution

The species occurs in south-eastern New South Wales. The type locality is the Mount Keira Fauna Reserve, near Wollongong in the Illawarra region.

## Behaviour

The centipedes are solitary terrestrial predators that inhabit plant litter and soil.
# LMSL

Lupin Manufacturing Solutions Limited (LMSL) is an Indian pharmaceutical company, founded by Desh Bandhu Gupta in 1968, and its headquarters are located in Gujarat, India.

## History

In December 2023, LMSL established a partnership with Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company and the COPD Foundation to expand access to Tiotropium Bromide Inhalation Powder, 18 mg/capsule, to COPD patients in the United States.
# Pheasant Breeding Centre, Berwala

The Pheasant Breeding Centre, Berwala is a purpose-built centre for breeding pheasants situated in Berwala in the Panchkula district.

## Description

Several types of pheasants are bred, including red junglefowl (Gallus gallus), endangered cheer pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and endangered kalij pheasant. The centre has a program for breeding and releasing birds into the wild.