OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kenneth Willis Clark Collection

The Kenneth Willis Clark Collection of Greek Manuscripts in the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University contains over one hundred manuscripts — in both roll and codex form — dating from the 9th to the 17th century. The collection as a whole is named in his honor and includes manuscripts collected and donated by Kenneth Clark as well as manuscripts acquired from other sources.

## Description

Professor Harvie Branscomb of the Duke Divinity School bought a manuscript of the Greek New Testament in a Munich bookshop. The manuscript after its arrival at the Library became Duke Greek Ms. 1. This was on 19 February 1931, and it was the beginning of the collection. Although the initial intention was only to collect manuscripts of the New Testament, today the collection contains a variety of materials.
In the collection are 27 manuscripts which contain texts of the New Testament. Among this number — Mss. 4, 5, 6, 15, 22, 25, 31, 38, 60, and 64. Ms. 60, also known as Codex Daltonianus, is most notable among this group. Written in the latter half of the 11th century, it contains commentaries to the four Gospels.
There are also some Lectionaries in collection, represented by MSS. 1, 2, 10, 12, 20, 24, 27, 28, 39, 43, 65, 82, 83, 85. Two lectionaries are more notable: Ms 65 and 85. Ms 65 (ℓ 1839) was written in the 11th century. Ms. 85 (ℓ 451), is signed by Clement the Monk who dated it on 20 July, indiction 5, in the year 6560 [i.e., AD 1052]. This signature makes it one of the earliest dated Greek lectionary manuscripts. Another manuscript, Ms. 39, was written by the scribe Lucas. A large-format lectionary written on paper, it was produced between 1626 and 1629.
# John Donaghy

John Donaghy may refer to:
* John Donaghy (football manager), English football manager
* John Lyle Donaghy, Irish poet
* John Patrick Donaghy, Irish politician and physician
* Jack Donaghy (John Francis Donaghy), a fictional character on the TV series 30 Rock
# John E. Ruston

John Edward Ruston (June 14, 1872 – February 1, 1932) was an American lawyer from New York.

## Life

Ruston was born on June 14, 1872, in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, New York. The family moved to Bedford, Brooklyn when he was four. His father, Charles Ruston, immigrated to America from London, England, when he was four and was a prominent New York City lawyer and the son of clergyman John Ruston. His mother was Elizabeth Miner Purdy.
Ruston attended the Boys High School. In 1890, he entered New York University. He graduated from there with a B.S. in 1894. He then attended New York University Law School, graduating from there with a LL.B. in 1895. In 1894, he also studied law in the law office of Bristow, Peet & Opdyke. From 1895 to 1896, he worked as a managing clerk for Henry C. De Witt. In 1896, he was admitted to the bar and became managing clerk for Russell & Winslow, a prominent corporations and building and loan associations law firm, and since then remained associated with them. He largely focused on corporation law in general and building and loan association law in particular, with a law office on 253 Broadway in Manhattan. At one point, he was a member of the law firm Ruston & Washburn with Cyrus V. Washburn, their law office located at 51 Chambers Street.
During World War I, Ruston was chairman of his local draft board and was a sergeant in Mounted Troop A of the Brooklyn Police Reserve. In 1917, District Attorney Harry E. Lewis appointed him Assistant District Attorney. When Lewis resigned as District Attorney to join the New York Supreme Court, Governor Nathan L. Miller appointed Ruston the new Brooklyn District Attorney in 1922. After his term expired in 1923, he became a member of the law firm Ruston & Snyder with assemblyman Marshall Snyder and maintained a law office on 50 Court Street in Brooklyn. He was also a trustee, executive committee member, and counsel of the Greater New York Savings Bank, which his father helped organize.
In 1902, Ruston married May Frances Henderson. He attended the Tompkins Avenue Congregational Church. He was a member of the Freemasons, the Royal Arch Masonry, the Knights Templar, the Shriners, the Mystic Order of Veiled Prophets of the Enchanted Realm, the Elks, Psi Upsilon, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Crescent Athletic Club, and the University Club. He was also president of the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce and a member of the Brooklyn Bar Association and the New York County Bar Association. He was active member of the Brooklyn Republican Party.
Ruston died at his home in the Hotel Granada on February 1, 1932. His funeral service was conducted by lifelong friend S. Parkes Cadman, and he was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery.
# John F. Kennedy Memorial (Brooklyn)

The John F. Kennedy Memorial by Neil Estern is installed in Brooklyn's Grand Army Plaza, in the U.S. state of New York. It features a bronze bust of John F. Kennedy on a Regal Grey granite pedestal. The current monument was dedicated on August 24, 2010, which replaced one previously dedicated on May 31, 1965.
# John Hampden-Trevor, 3rd Viscount Hampden

John Hampden-Trevor, 3rd Viscount Hampden PC (24 February 1748 – 9 September 1824), was a British diplomat.

## Biography

He was the younger son of Robert Hampden, 1st Viscount Hampden and was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford. He followed in his father's career by becoming a diplomat. He was Minister to Munich (1780 – 1783) and to Turin (1783 – 1798).
On 8 May 1773, he married Harriet Burton (1751–1829), daughter of the Rev. Daniel Burton. Trevor was appointed to the Privy Council in 1797. He succeeded to the Viscountcy of Hampden on 20 August 1824, just three weeks before his death. He had no heirs, and the title became extinct at that time.
# John Gardener (died 1402)

John Gardener (died 1402), of New Romney, Kent was a Member of Parliament for New Romney in 1395, 1399 and 1401.
# John Egerton, 7th Earl of Bridgewater

John William Egerton, 7th Earl of Bridgewater FRS (14 April 1753 – 21 October 1823), known as John Egerton until 1803, was a British cavalry officer, and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1777 to 1803 when he succeeded to the peerage as Earl of Bridgewater. He was from the Egerton family.

## Biography

Egerton was the eldest son of the Right Reverend John Egerton, Bishop of Durham, and the grandson of the Right Reverend Henry Egerton, Bishop of Hereford, youngest son of John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgewater. His mother was Lady Anne Sophia Grey.
He joined the British Army in 1771 and was promoted to captain in 1776, to major in 1779, and to lieutenant-colonel in 1790. He was promoted to colonel of 7th Light Dragoons in 1793, but in 1797 transferred to be Colonel of 14th Light Dragoons, serving under Major-general Craufurd during the Peninsular War to great acclaim. He remained colonel of the 14th Dragoons for the rest of his life and was promoted major-general in 1795, lieutenant-general in 1802 and full general in 1812.
Egerton also sat as a Tory Member of Parliament for Morpeth from 1777 to 1780 and for Brackley from 1780 to 1803. The latter year, on the death of his first cousin once removed, Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater, he succeeded as seventh Earl of Bridgewater.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1808. and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries (F.S.A.) on 4 February 1808.
Lord Bridgewater died in October 1823, aged 70. On 14 January 1783 he had married Charlotte Catherine Anne (died 1849 aged 85), only daughter and heir of Samuel Haynes. Their marriage was childless, and therefore his younger brother Francis inherited the title of Earl of Bridgewater. Egerton left his estates in Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cheshire, Durham, Flintshire, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, Shropshire and Yorkshire to John, Viscount Alford, provided he had managed to become Duke or Marquess of Bridgwater with a suitable remainder. John did not fulfil the proviso in the will, failing in court to persuade the judge. However his heir got the clause declared illegal, so the 2nd Earl Brownlow commenced a damaging and lengthy case of litigation that in 1851 resulted in the Egerton family forfeiting the estates.

## Monuments and memorials

Lord Bridgewater is commemorated by a memorial at the Bridgewater Chapel at St. Peter and St. Paul Church, Little Gaddesden. In the early 17th century, Thomas Egerton, 1st Viscount Brackley, had purchased Ashridge House, one of the largest country houses in England, from Queen Elizabeth I, who had inherited it from her father who had appropriated it after the dissolution of the monasteries in 1539. Ashridge House served the Egerton family as a residence until the 19th century. The Egertons later had a family chapel with burial vault in Little Gaddesden Church, where many monuments commemorate the Dukes and Earls of Bridgewater and their families.
# John Egerton (bishop)

John Egerton (30 November 1721 –18 June 1787) was a Church of England clergyman from the Egerton family who eventually rose to be Bishop of Durham. As a young man he was associated with the beginning of tourism down the River Wye and later with the controversial appointment of an English monoglot to a Welsh-speaking parish in Anglesey.

## Life

John Egerton was the son of Henry Egerton, Bishop of Hereford, by Lady Elizabeth Ariana Bentinck, daughter of the Earl of Portland. After education at Eton College and at Oriel College, Oxford, he followed his father into the church and was ordained priest on 22 December 1745, and on the 23rd of the same month was collated by his father to the rectory of Ross-on-Wye. The rectory at Ross was a favorite residence of his for much of his life, to which he often invited friends and family members. Having had a boat specially made, he began taking his visitors on trips down the River Wye and such was their popularity that they became a regular feature. In consequence Egerton was later credited as "the father of the voyage down the Wye".
Egerton was later made Bishop of Bangor 1756–68, during which time he caused controversy by appointing Thomas Bowles, a priest who spoke no Welsh, to a parish where almost no one spoke English. The case did not come to court until after Egerton had become Bishop of Lichfield (1768–71). Afterwards, having previously declined the primacy of Ireland, he shortly succeeded as Bishop of Durham and held that office until his death in 1787. At Durham he displayed a talent for conciliation in promoting peace and prosperity in the county, which had been divided by elections, and in the city, which had been torn by disputes. He was also a benefactor to the county by encouraging public works: He promoted the enclosure of Walling Fen; assisted materially in rebuilding a bridge over the Tyne between Newcastle and Gateshead; and in 1780 granted a new charter to the city of Durham. In addition, he made extensive improvements at the episcopal palaces and was a liberal supporter of many religious and educational institutions.

## Family

Egerton was the eldest son of Henry Egerton, himself a younger son of the 3rd Earl of Bridgewater. On 21 November 1748, he married his cousin, Lady Anne Grey, a daughter and coheiress of the 1st Duke of Kent. They had four children, one of whom died in infancy; the three others were:
* Amelia (1751–1809), married Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet.
* John William, later 7th Earl of Bridgewater (1753–1823)
* Francis Henry, later 8th Earl of Bridgewater (1756–1829)
Lady Anne died in 1780, and on 31 March 1782, Egerton married Mary Boughton, a sister of Sir Edward Boughton. Egerton died in 1787 and the title Earl of Bridgewater (a subsidiary title of his childless cousin, the 3rd Duke of Bridgewater) later passed to his eldest son in 1803.
# John Jeremiah Sullivan

John Jeremiah Sullivan (born 1974) is an American writer, musician, teacher, and editor. He is a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, a contributing editor of Harper's Magazine, and the southern editor of The Paris Review. In 2014, he edited The Best American Essays, a collection in which his work has been featured in previous years. He has also served on the faculty of Columbia University, Sewanee: The University of the South, and other institutions.

## Biography

Sullivan was born in Louisville, Kentucky to Mike Sullivan, a sportswriter. His mother is an English professor. He earned his degree in 1997 from The University of the South, in Sewanee, Tennessee.
His first book, Blood Horses: Notes of a Sportswriter's Son, was published in 2004. It is part personal reminiscence, part elegy for his father, and part investigation into the history and culture of the thoroughbred racehorse.
His second book, Pulphead: Essays (2011), is an anthology of fourteen previously published magazine articles, with most of them "in substantially different form" for the book.
Sullivan's essay "Mister Lytle: An Essay," originally published in The Paris Review, won a number of awards, including a National Magazine Award, and was anthologized in Pulphead. Sullivan recounts how he lived with Andrew Nelson Lytle, when Lytle was in his 90s, helping him with house chores and learning some wisdom about writing and life.
His original music appears on the self-titled album Life of Saturdays.
In 2017, he helped lead a small group of 8th-grade students on a scavenger hunt to resurrect lost copies of The Daily Record, the African–American newspaper at the center of a white supremacist coup d'état and massacre that occurred in his adopted home town of Wilmington, NC, in 1898. He and his team located seven total copies, all of which are digitized and available for view via the N.C. Digital Heritage Project.
In 2019, the New Yorker published Sullivan's novella, "Mother Nut," on its website.
Sullivan is married to Dr. Mariana Johnson, a film scholar and professor. They have two daughters.

## Awards

* 2003 Eclipse Award, Blood Horses
* 2003 National Magazine Award, Feature Writing
* 2004 Whiting Award, Nonfiction
* 2011 National Magazine Award, Essays and Criticism, "Mister Lytle. An Essay" (The Paris Review)
* 2011 Pushcart Prize, Pushcart XXXV, "Mister Lytle. An Essay" (The Paris Review)
* 2014 James Beard Foundation's MFK Fisher Distinguished Writing Award, for "I placed a Jar in Tennessee," published in Lucky Peach.
* 2015 ASCAP Foundation Taylor/Virgil Thomson Award
* 2015 Windham–Campbell Literature Prize (Non-Fiction) valued at $150,000
* 2016 Whiting Creative Nonfiction Grant, to complete The Prime Minister of Paradise
* 2018 Guggenheim Fellowship
# John Jeremiah Lawler

John Jeremiah Lawler (August 4, 1862 – March 11, 1948) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Lead (later changed to Diocese of Rapid City) in South Dakota from 1916 until his death in 1948. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul in Minnesota from 1910 to 1916.

## Biography
### Early life

John Lawler was born on August 4, 1862, in Rochester, Minnesota, and attended St. Francis Seminary in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He continued his studies in Belgium, studying philosophy at the College of St. Nicholas in Flanders and theology at the University of Louvain.

### Priesthood

Lawler was ordained to the priesthood at Louvain on December 19, 1885. Following his return to Minnesota, Lawler served as professor of Scripture at the College of St. Thomas and later pastor of St. Luke's Parish in St. Paul. He also served as rector of the Cathedral of St. Paul. As rector, he was instrumental in the erection of the cathedral at a cost of $5 million.

### Auxiliary Bishop of Saint Paul

On February 8, 1910, Lawler was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of St. Paul and titular bishop of Hermopolis Maior by Pope Pius X. He received his episcopal consecration on the following May 19 from Archbishop John Ireland, with Bishops James McGolrick and James Trobec serving as co-consecrators. As an auxiliary bishop, he assisted Archbishop Ireland for six years.

### Bishop of Lead/Rapid City

Lawler was appointed the third Bishop of Lead by Pope Benedict XV on January 29, 1916. On August 1, 1930, the episcopal see of the diocese was changed from Lead to Rapid City, and the name of the diocese was changed accordingly. In 1947, Lawler, who had been in failing health, received Bishop William McCarty as his coadjutor bishop.

### Death and legacy

John Lawler died following a stroke on March 11, 1948, at age 85. At the time of his death, he was the oldest Catholic bishop in the United States and, after Bishop Alexander Joseph McGavick, was the second most senior in years of service.
# John Elms

John Emmanuel Elms (24 December 1874 – 1 November 1951) was an English first-class cricketer, who played one match for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1905.
Born in Pitsmoor, Sheffield, Yorkshire, England, Elms was a right-handed batsman, who began his career with a duck, but scored 20 in the second innings against Derbyshire at the County Ground, Derby. He caught Levi Wright for 43 off his own slow medium bowling in Derbyshire's second innings, at a total cost of 28 runs. This was the only wicket Yorkshire took, and Derbyshire ran out winners by nine wickets.
Elms also played for the Yorkshire Second XI from 1899 to 1906, H. Hayley's XI in 1906 and Sheffield and District in 1911.
Elms died in November 1951, in Fir Vale, Sheffield.
# John Harris Browne

John Harris Browne (22 April 1817 – 12 January 1904), generally referred to as J. Harris Browne, was an explorer in Australia and a pioneer pastoralist.

## Early years

Browne was born in Ilford, Wiltshire, England, son of Benjamin Browne, landowner, and his wife Tara. He was well educated, studying at the Ecole de Médecine, Paris and qualified for the medical profession at the University of Edinburgh.

## Career

Browne migrated to South Australia in 1840 with his sister Anna, arriving aboard the Orleanna. There he took up land, initially at Lyndoch in the Barossa Valley, and in 1844 was asked by Charles Sturt to join his expedition to Central Australia as surgeon. During this journey he was of the greatest assistance to Sturt, and when his leader fell ill with scurvy, took command of the party on the return journey and brought it to safety. Both in the official biography and in Sturt's own account of the journey to central Australia, there are many references to Browne's ability as an explorer and his loyalty to Sturt, who probably owed his life to him. He afterwards became a highly successful pastoralist and held an enormous amount of land in South Australia. In his later years he lived for long periods in England, and died in Bath.

## Family life

He married and was survived by a son and daughter. Browne's elder brother, William James Browne (1815 – 4 December 1894), also qualified as a physician and arrived in South Australia in 1839, becoming a very successful pastoralist.
# John L. Tappin

John L. Tappin (died December 24, 1964) was the United States Ambassador to Libya from 1954 to 1958. He was the first Ambassador after the legation was raised to Embassy status.

## Biography

Tappin attended St Mark's School and graduated from Princeton College in 1928. He died of a heart attack while vacationing in Aspen, Colorado.

## Career

Tappin became assistant to the Under Secretary of Commerce in 1947. He was involved in the formation of the Economic Cooperation Administration from 1948 to 1952. Tappin was a special assistant to the Under Secretary of State for Administration. He retired after resigning his post as Ambassador to Libya in 1958.
# John MacNeill

John MacNeill may refer to:
* J. G. Swift MacNeill (1849–1926), Irish Protestant Nationalist politician and MP, and professor and author of law
* John Benjamin Macneill (1793–1880), Irish civil engineer
* John F. MacNeill (1870–1962), physician and political figure on Prince Edward Island
* Eoin MacNeill (John McNeill, 1867–1945), Irish scholar, Irish language enthusiast, nationalist, and politician
* John MacNeill, High Sheriff of Antrim in 1843 under Queen Victoria
* John MacNeill, mechanical engineer for the Florida Automatic Computer
* John MacNeill, football player, see list of Michigan State Spartans in the NFL Draft
* John MacNeill, president of the Baptist World Alliance 1928–1934
# John J. Forbes

John J. Forbes (November 21, 1885 – October 17, 1975) was an American mining engineer. He served as the 9th director of the U.S. Bureau of Mines.

## Early life and education

Forbes was born on November 21, 1885, in Shamokin, Pennsylvania, to Bridget (née Buggy) and John T. Forbes.
His first job was as a breaker boy at a local colliery at the age of ten. He graduated from Coal Township High School in Coal Township. By 1905, Forbes received a teaching degree from Kutztown State Teachers' College. He later attended Pennsylvania State University and graduated with a Bachelor of Science in mining engineering in 1911.

## Career

Forbes taught in Coal Township for two years after graduating from Kutztown in 1905. He then worked in a number of coal mines in Pennsylvania and Ohio.

### U.S. Bureau of Mines

Forbes joined the U.S. Bureau of Mines in February 1915 as a first aid miner. He then worked as a foreman miner, junior mining engineer, mining engineer, senior mining engineer and principal mining engineer. In July 1927, Forbes was appointed supervising engineer and was assigned to the safety division in Pittsburgh. He continued working in the safety division until September 1941 when he was appointed chief mine inspector of the bureau. This role was to supervise activities under the Federal Coal Mine Inspection and Investigations Act, authorized on May 7, 1941, and required a transfer to the new Mineral Production Security Division in Washington, D.C.$^{:101}$ During two work stoppages in 1943 and 1945, Forbes was appointed Anthracite Regional Manager in the Coal Region of Northeastern Pennsylvania for the Solid Fuels Administration.
The Mineral Production Security Division dissolved in 1945 and Forbes was promoted to assistant chief of the Health and Safety Branch. and resumed his previous role as supervisor of the Coal Mine Inspection Division. Forbes was appointed as director of the U.S. Bureau of Mines by President Harry S. Truman, succeeding James Boyd on November 15, 1951, during a congressional recess.
He was not confirmed by the U.S. Senate until February 20, 1952. In 1954, Forbes decreased the number of regional directorates to five in the bureau.$^{:204}$
Forbes retired on November 30, 1955, after reaching the mandatory retirement age of 70.

### Other endeavors

Forbes served as director of the National First Aid and Mine Rescue Contest in Columbus, Ohio, in October 1951. He also served as president of the Washington chapter of the American Society of Safety Engineers in 1950.

## Personal life

Forbes married Irene Mudd on March 26, 1917, in Pittsburgh, Kansas. Together, they had two children, John and Marisse.
Forbes was known by his contemporaries as "Jack".

## Death

Forbes died on October 17, 1975, at Polyclinic Hospital in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. He was buried at St. Edward's Cemetery in Shamokin, Pennsylvania.