OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jock Truman

Jock Truman (1920-2011) was an art dealer and collector in the twentieth-century arts scene in New York City. He was known as an art collector and dealer who worked at the Betty Parsons Gallery in New York, NY. From 1976 to 1979, he also owned the commercial art gallery bearing his name, the Truman Gallery. Processing of his personal papers at the Archives of American Art suggests that his longtime "companion" was Eric Green.
# Diogo Cayolla

Diogo Cayolla (born 6 August 1974) is a Portuguese sailor. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, the 2000 Summer Olympics, and the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Dischidanthus

Dischidanthus is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1936. Species of the genus are native from the east Himalayas to south China and Peninsular Malaysia. It may be treated by some sources as a synonym of Marsdenia.

## Species

As of November 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted two species:
* Dischidanthus thyrsiflorus (Hook.f.) S.Reuss, Liede & Meve
* Dischidanthus urceolatus (Decne.) Tsiang
# Dischides

Dischides is a genus of molluscs belonging to the family Gadilidae.
The species of this genus are found in Eurasia, Northern Africa and Australia.

## Species

Species:
* Dischides atlantideus (Nicklès, 1955)
* Dischides belcheri Pilsbry & Sharp, 1898
* Dischides belenae Scarabino, 2008
* Dischides celeciai Scarabino, 2008
* Dischides dartevellei (Nicklès, 1979)
* Dischides dichelus (R.B.Watson, 1879)
* Dischides hintoni Lamprell & Healy, 1998
* Dischides leloeuffi (Nicklès, 1979)
* Dischides minutus (H.Adams, 1872)
* Dischides montrouzieri Scarabino, 2008
* Dischides ovalis (Boissevain, 1906)
* Dischides politus (S.Wood, 1842)
* Dischides prionotus (R.B.Watson, 1879)
* Dischides splendens Raines, 2002
* Dischides viperidens (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
* Dischides yateensis Scarabino, 1955
# National Association of Theatrical Television and Kine Employees

The National Association of Theatrical Television and Kine Employees (NATTKE) was a trade union in the United Kingdom which existed between 1890 and 1984. It represented employees who worked in theatres, cinemas and television.

## History

The union was founded in the aftermath of a strike at the Adelphi Theatre in London in 1890 as the United Kingdom Theatrical and Music Hall Operatives' Union. By the turn of the century, it had become a national organisation, and in 1901, it renamed itself the National Union of Theatrical Stage Employees. In 1902, it became affiliated with the Trades Union Congress.
In 1904, the union began recruiting workers in cinemas, and renamed itself the National Association of Theatrical Employees, not crediting its cinema staff in the union name until 1936, when it became the National Association of Theatrical and Kine Employees. In 1932, Tom O'Brien was elected General Secretary, a post he was to hold until 1970 - including fourteen years during which he was a Labour Party Member of Parliament.
The union began organising some television workers, and in 1970, it changed its name under its then General Secretary Robert Keenan to reflect this as NATTKE (the National Association of Theatrical, Television and Kine Employees). It began organising among bingo hall staff, and in 1983 it merged with the National Association of Executives Managers and Staffs.
In 1984, the NATTKE merged with the Association of Broadcasting Staff to form the Broadcasting and Entertainment Trades Alliance.
The merged union created by NATTKE and the ABS was briefly known as ETA before becoming BETA.

## General Secretaries

    c.1890: T. Elvidge
    c.1900: William Johnson
    1923: Hugh Roberts
    1932: Tom O'Brien
    1970: Robert Keenan
    1975: John Wilson
# National Association of Truck Stop Owners

NATSO, representing travel centers, truck stops and off-highway transportation energy providers, is a Washington-based trade association of more than 2,000 locations belonging to the travel plaza, truck stop and fuel retail industries. The organization lobbies the United States federal and local government to improve the business environment in which its members operate. It was formerly called the National Association of Truck Stop Operators. As a guiding force for transportation industry NATSO was founded in 1960.
NATSO encourages market-oriented policies that enhance the fuel supply and refueling options for consumers and motor carriers while improving the environmental attributes of transportation energy. The association supports the ban of commercialization in state-sanctioned service plazas along toll-free roads, the establishment of the Interstate Oasis program (which designates eligible venues as an "oasis" on a sign along the Interstate), the continued federal ownership of the highway system and greater transparency on the pricing procedure of credit card fees.
NATSO has published the bimonthly Stop Watch magazine since 2011.
# National Association of United Trades for the Protection of Labour

The National Association of United Trades for the Protection of Labour was an early trade union federation in the United Kingdom, established in 1845.
No attempt had been made to co-ordinate the activities of trade unions in various industries across the country since the failure of the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union in 1834. The idea to found the organisation was first proposed by the Chartist newspaper the Northern Star, and was then taken up by the United Trades of Sheffield, who lobbied the Member of Parliament Thomas Duncombe. This encouraged the Central Association of London Trades to convene a preliminary meeting for trade unionists in the city, which called a national conference for Easter 1845, held at London's Parthenium. The conference founded the Association, appointing Duncombe as President and editor of the Northern Star Joshua Hobson to the Central Committee.
Unlike the Grand National, which had aimed to rationalise the number of unions and encourage the formation of general unions, the Association's primary aim was to allow the existing unions to more effectively lobby Parliament for industrial reforms.
At its second conference, in July 1845, the Association formed a companion organisation, the National Association of United Trades for the Employment of Labour. This promoted Robert Owen's concept of "union shops" - essentially producers' co-operatives. It also aimed to resettle workers on the land, an ambition which mirrored the contemporary Chartist Land Plan, but one which never came to fruition.
From August 1848 until the following summer, the Association issued a weekly journal, the Labour League. However, this was to prove the end of its period of high activity. In 1852, Duncombe stood down as President, and was replaced by G. A. Fleming, the new editor of the Northern Star. The Association continued to lobby Parliament, and finally saw some success with the passing of the Molestation of Workmen Act in 1859. It then focussed on proposing a Conciliation Bill. George Howell claimed that it was not dissolved until 1867, although George Odger claimed that its existence was "a perfect myth" by 1866, when the United Kingdom Alliance of Organised Trades was founded.
# National Alliance Party (Papua New Guinea)

The National Alliance Party has operated as a political party in Papua New Guinea since 1995. As of May 2019, the party had 11 members in the 111-seat National Parliament of Papua New Guinea, and was part of the Alliance Accord for Change, opposition to the O'Neill led government for Papua New Guinea's 10th Parliament.

## History

It was founded in 1995 after the dissolution of the Melanesian Alliance Party members John Momis, Bernard Narokobi who merged with Moi Avei, Bart Philemon and Masket Iangalio, who then invited Sir Michael Somare to lead them to the 1997 elections after he had been sacked as leader of the Pangu Party.
National Alliance took 19 of 109 seats in parliament at the 2002 election, making it the largest single party, and as such the party was invited to form the government. The National Alliance-led government of 2002-2007 was the first government since independence in 1975 to survive a full five-year term - all previous governments had fallen to votes of no confidence. In 2006, party co-founder Bart Philemon attempted to depose Somare as party leader, but this challenge was unsuccessful and Philemon went to the opposition benches, remaining there as leader of the New Generation Party even after Somare’s victory in the elections.
At the 2007 General Election, the party increased its representation, gaining 27 seats and remaining by far the largest party. Michael Somare was easily confirmed by Parliament for another term as prime minister, as several parties joined a coalition with the National Alliance, and 13 independents announced their decision to join the National Alliance party, bringing its representation to 40 members.
In August 2011, the NAP-led Somare government was brought down in a parliamentary motion of no confidence (while Somare was recovering from surgery in hospital), leading to a split in the party, between members who remained loyal to Somare, and others who joined Peter O'Neill's new government. In October, it was reported simultaneously that the party was expelling the latter, and that the latter's leader, Don Polye, had assumed leadership of the party. What had happened was a split, with two opposing factions both claiming to constitute the party.
In January 2012, Polye purported to de-register the NAP, despite the existence of a rival faction. The members of his faction formed a new party, the Triumph Heritage Empowerment Rural Party ("T.H.E. Party"), ahead of the June 2012 general election. Polye stated: "Somare is gone, and so will his party. NA will be history". The remaining faction of the party continue to recognise Michael Somare's leadership.
In late March 2017, Michael Somare bid farewell to the party alongside his decision to not contest his constituency in the 2017 General Election. In May 2017, the party withdrew from O'Neill's government coalition with People's National Congress, ending a five-year agreement.
# Johan Pistorius

Johan Pistorius (died 1722), was a Danish grenadier. He was judged guilty of making a Satanic pact, and was the last person executed for witchcraft in Denmark.
Johan Pistorius was a soldier in the Danish army with the rank of grenadier. He was arrested and accused of the crime of making a pact with the Devil. He was not put on trial by the Danish authorities, but by a military court. He was judged guilty and sentenced to be executed by a military court martial. He confessed to the crime. He claimed to have been inspired to the pact after reading a book about Doctor Faust.
The court faculty of Professors in Copenhagen recommended the king to confirm his sentence after they had interrogated him - which was unusual - and deemed that his regret was not sufficient, and that he should be executed as a public warning against the crime of Devil's Pact after having made a public confession of regret, which resulted in the public burning of the infamous pact at Nytorv square, followed by the execution of Pistorius the following day.
While Anne Palles is often called the last witch to be executed in Denmark, she was in fact only the last woman to be executed for witchcraft in Denmark, as Johan Pistorius was executed circa thirty years after her. There were death sentences for witchcraft in Denmark long after this. In 1733 a student, and in 1752 a farmer, were sentenced to life imprisonment with forced labor for Satanic pact, and as late as in 1803, two craftsmen received death sentences for the same crime, although none of the sentences were actually carried out. People were also lynched for witchcraft in Denmark long after the formal persecution stopped: the most known cases being that of Dorte Jensdatter, who was apprehended by the villagers who tied her up in her own home and burned it down after having accused her of causing death by magic, and the last lynching of witchcraft, in which Anna Klemens was lynched after having been pointed out for sorcery by a cunning woman in Brigsted at Horsens in 1800.
# Diplophonia

Diplophonia, also known as diphthongia, is a phenomenon in which a voice is perceived as being produced with two concurrent pitches. Diplophonia is a result of vocal fold vibrations that are quasi-periodic in nature. It has been reported from old days, but there is no uniform interpretation of established mechanisms. It has been established that diplophonia can be caused by various vocal fold pathologies, such as vocal folds polyp, vocal fold nodule, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or vestibular fold hypertrophy.
The Voice Quality Symbol for diplophonia is V̬‼.
# Jodi Richardson

Jodi Richardson (born 12 August 1977) is an Australian former professional tennis player.
A right-handed player from Canberra, Richardson was a member of Australia's Junior Fed Cup winning team in 1993 and was a junior doubles runner-up at the 1995 Wimbledon Championships. She made her WTA Tour main draw debut in the doubles at the 1996 Acura Classic in Manhattan Beach, before turning away from professional tennis to play at college level in the United States for the BYU Cougars.
# Alfred's Hall

Alfred's Hall is a ruined folly in Cirencester Park, Gloucestershire, England. The Grade II* listed building dates from 1721 and is "probably the first Gothick sham ruin to be built in England".

## History

The building was designed by the local member of parliament, Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst and his friend, the poet Alexander Pope. The original 1721 structure was enlarged in 1732 and altered in the 19th century. This included the installation of sculpture, battlements, windows and doors from the manor house at Sapperton.
Vandalism in the early 20th century damaged the building. Only one room survives, the other having collapsed in 1989.
It is now on the Heritage at Risk Register maintained by Historic England. Its condition is described as "very bad", with an immediate risk of further rapid deterioration or loss of fabric". In 2019 a plan was drawn up for repair and stabilisation, however there was no evidence of work having started in 2021.

## Architecture

The battlemented two-storey limestone building has ashlar dressings. Parts of the two-bay front survive and are supported by buttresses. The surviving room inside is approximately 12.6 metres (41 ft) by 4.8 metres (16 ft) and has the remains of oak panelling.
# Ali Sadr Hasheminejad

Ali Sadr Hashemi Nejad also known as Ali Sadr, is an American businessman.
In 2018, he fought federal charges brought against him for allegedly violating the U.S. sanctions against Iran in connection to a construction project of low-income housing in Venezuela in 2010.
After a two-year long legal battle, Sadr was exonerated and all the charges against him were "dismissed with prejudice" due to prosecutorial misconduct.
# García López

García López may refer to:
* García López de Cárdenas, Spanish conquistador
* Antonio García López (criminal), also known as Toño Bicicleta, notorious Puerto Rican criminal
* Antonio López García, Spanish painter
* Guillermo García-López, Spanish tennis player
* José Luis García-López, Spanish comic book artist
* Ricardo García López, known as K-Hito, Spanish caricaturist, film producer, and humorist
# Garcinia benthamiana

Garcinia benthamiana, also known as asashi, is a flowering tree in the family Clusiaceae (Guttiferae). The specific epithet (benthamiana) honors English botanist George Bentham.

## Distribution

Garcinia benthamiana is native to central Brazil, northern Peru, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.

## Description

Its petiolate leaves are elliptical to ovate in shape and measure 12–28 centimeters (4.7–11.0 inches) in length and 4.5–11 centimeters (1.8–4.3 inches) in width. The apex can be rounded, acute or acuminate, while the base is rounded to attenuate. It has fasciculate and axillary inflorescences, and the flowers have 15–25 stamens. The fruit has a verrucose epicarp and preeminent rostrum, with a smooth, elliptic seed. Its bark is rough and dark red-brown in color, sometimes covered in a green or white mold. It is a dioecious and evergreen tree.

## Chemistry

Four xanthones, α-mangostin, β-mangostin, mangostenol, mangaxanthone B, three benzophenones, mangaphenone, benthamianone, congestiflorone, and one sterol, stigmasterol, were isolated from the stem bark of Garcinia benthamiana. Α-mangostin, β-mangostin, mangaxanthone B and mangaphenone showed significant cytotoxicity through MTT assay against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with IC$_{50}$ values ranging from 4.4 to 12 μM. Mangaphenone showed no toxicity toward Vero cells, showing its potential as a lead compound for anti-breast cancer drugs.
# Garcinia burkillii

Garcinia burkillii is a species of flowering plant in the family Clusiaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It has been named after Isaac Henry Burkill.
# Dušan Janković

Dušan Janković (1894-1950) was a Serbian avant-garde artist.
Dušan Janković was born in Niš in 1894. After joining the Serbian army in late 1914, he participated in the Great Retreat during the winter of 1915 across the Albanian mountains to the port of Skadar, where an awaiting Italian passenger ship evacuated him with the rest of the military personnel to Bari, Italy, and eventually to Rouen in France, where he would spend a significant part of his early youth. From 1916 he lived in Paris, where he studied at the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs from 1918 to 1921. The greatest number of his drawings, graphics and paintings was developed in Paris and in 1923 in Belgrade, he continued to devote himself to applied graphics and prints. Later, he returned to France where he continued painting. Upon his return to Belgrade in 1935, he again devoted himself to applied graphics and ceramics and porcelain which was the vogue during the all-media encompassing Art Deco period. In 1948 he became a part-time professor of applied graphics and decorative script at the Academy of Applied Arts in Belgrade.
He died in Belgrade in 1950.
# Garden cress

Cress (Lepidium sativum), sometimes referred to as garden cress (or curly cress) to distinguish it from similar plants also referred to as cress (from Old English cresse), is a rather fast-growing, edible herb.
Garden cress is genetically related to watercress and mustard, sharing their peppery, tangy flavour and aroma. In some regions, garden cress is known as mustard and cress, garden pepper cress, pepperwort, pepper grass, or poor man's pepper.
This annual plant can reach a height of 60 cm (24 in), with many branches on the upper part. The white to pinkish flowers are only 2 mm (1⁄16 in) across, clustered in small branched racemes.
When consumed raw, cress is a high-nutrient food containing substantial content of vitamins A, C and K and several dietary minerals.

## In agriculture

Cultivation of cress is practical both on mass scales and on the individual scale. Garden cress is suitable for hydroponic cultivation and thrives in slightly alkaline water. In many local markets, the demand for hydroponically grown cress can exceed available supply, partially because cress leaves are not suitable for distribution in dried form, so they can only be partially preserved. Consumers commonly acquire cress as seeds or (in Europe) from markets as boxes of young live shoots.
Edible shoots are typically harvested in one to two weeks after planting, when they are 5–13 cm (2–5 in) tall.

## Culinary uses

Garden cress is added to soups, sandwiches and salads for its tangy flavour. It is also eaten as sprouts, and the fresh or dried seed pods can be used as a peppery seasoning (haloon). In the United Kingdom, cut cress shoots are commonly used in sandwiches with boiled eggs and mayonnaise.

## Nutrition

Raw cress is 89% water, 6% carbohydrates (including 1% dietary fiber), 3% protein and less than 1% fat (table). In a 100-gram (3+1⁄2-ounce) reference quantity, raw cress supplies 134 kilojoules (32 kilocalories) of food energy and numerous nutrients in significant content, including vitamin K (516% of the Daily Value, DV), vitamin C (83% DV) and vitamin A (43% DV). Among dietary minerals, manganese levels are high (26% DV) while several others, including potassium and magnesium, are in moderate content (table).

## Other uses

Garden cress, known as chandrashoor, and the seeds, known as aaliv or aleev in Marathi, or halloon in India, are commonly used in the system of Ayurveda. It is also known as asario in India and the Middle East where it is prized as a medicinal herb, called habbat al hamra (literally red seeds) in Arabic. In the Arabian Peninsula, the seeds are traditionally mixed with custard to make a hot drink.
L. sativum is often used in experiments to teach biology to students in schools. The plant grows readily on damp paper or cotton, and its fast germination and development time makes it useful in demonstrating plant growth.

## Gallery

* Timelapse of garden cress sprouting.
* Young Lepidium sativum seedlings
* Garden cress saag (known as chamsur in Nepali) is a popular dish in Nepalese cuisine.
# Garh Kamalpur

Garh Kamalpur is a census town in Mahishadal CD block in Haldia subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography
### Location

Garh Kamalpur is located at 22°11′14″N 87°59′18″E﻿ / ﻿22.187333°N 87.988353°E﻿ / 22.187333; 87.988353.

### Urbanisation

79.19% of the population of Haldia subdivision live in the rural areas. Only 20.81% of the population live in the urban areas, and that is the highest proportion of urban population amongst the four subdivisions in Purba Medinipur district.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

As per 2011 Census of India Garh Kamalpur had a total population of 6,664 of which 3,368 (51%) were males and 3,296 (49%) were females. Population below 6 years was 639. The total number of literates in Garh Kamalpur was 5,406 (89.73% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Garh Kamalpur covered an area of 1.6341 km$^2$. It had the facility of both a railway station and bus routes at Mahishadal nearby. Amongst the civic amenities it had 615 domestic electric connections. Amongst the medical facilities it had a hospital nearby and 22 medicine shops in the town. Amongst the educational facilities it had were 4 primary schools, 2 middle schools, 2 secondary school, 2 senior secondary schools and a degree college. Amongst the recreational and cultural facilities a cinema theatre, an auditorium/ community hall, a public library and a reading room were there in the town.

## Transport

Garh Kamalpur is on the Haldia-Tamluk-Mecheda Road. Mahishadal railway station and Satish Samanta Halt railway station is located nearby.

## Education

Mahishadal Raj College at Garh Kamalpur was established in 1946. In addition to courses in arts, science and commerce, it offers post-graduate courses in Bengali and chemistry.

## Healthcare

Basulia Rural Hospital, the main medical facility in Mahishadal CD block, is located nearby.
# Garra parastenorhynchus

Garra parastenorhynchus is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Garra endemic to Bhutan.
# Dynamic Man

Dynamic Man was a name shared by two Golden Age superheroes:
* Dynamic Man (Timely Comics)
* Dynamic Man (Dynamic Publications)