OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cyclotriveratrylene

Cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) is an organic compound with the formula [C$_6$H$_2$(OCH$_3$)$_2$CH$_2$]$_3$. It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is a macrocycle and used in host–guest chemistry as a molecular host.

## Synthesis

The compound can be synthesised from veratrole alcohol upon acid catalysis.
Operating via the same intermediates, an alternative synthesis involves the acid-catalyzed reaction of veratrole and formaldehyde. The method is similar to the reactions that give phenol formaldehyde resins except that the degree of polymerization is moderated by the methoxy substituents.

## Host–guest behavior

CTV has a bowl shaped conformation, giving the molecule C$_3$ symmetry. The ether groups are situated at the upper rim, but in contrast a crown ether typically do not interact with guests. The compound is related to calixarenes in terms of its host–guest properties and its synthesis
CTV derivates are known to bind fullerenes and the use of CTV's in the separation of mixtures of fullerenes has been demonstrated. They have also been used in the solubilizing and immobilizing of fullerene compounds. CTV derivatives are also known to form liquid crystals and they are used as structural units for polymer networks (gels) and polymers. With suitable metal complexes CTV's can form metallo-supramolecular oligomers or polymers.
When two CTV units are connected though molecular spacers a molecular box is formed called a cryptophane. Cryptophanes are of interest in molecular encapsulation.

## History

CTV was first synthesised by Gertrude Robinson in 1915 but misdiagnosed as the dimer. In 1965, Lindsey identified the correct structure and coined cyclotriveratrylene as the name for the compound.
# Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi

Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi ("A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon") is a painting by Henri Matisse from 1902. Its somber coloration is typical of Matisse's works executed between the end of 1901 and the end of 1903, a period of personal difficulties for the artist. This episode has been called Matisse's Dark Period.
The work is an oil painting on paper mounted on canvas and it measures 72.5 by 54.5 centimetres (28+1⁄2 by 21+1⁄2 inches). It is in the Albright–Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York.

## Background

Between 1896 and 1901, Matisse's painting had progressed from the subdued tones of his earliest works to an intense colorism that prefigured the Fauvism to come. In 1896 and 1897 he had traveled to Brittany, where the Australian painter John Russell encouraged him to paint en plein air. Through Russell he met Camille Pissarro, whose influence was decisive in making a colorist of Matisse. In 1898 he traveled to London, where he studied the works of J. M. W. Turner; then, after a year spent in Corsica and Toulouse, he returned to Paris, where the startling boldness of his work was admired by other young artists. His paintings found few buyers, however, and his wife, Amélie, had to open a dress shop to support their household.
In May 1902 a major financial scandal, the Humbert Affair, unexpectedly ensnared Amélie's family. Her mother (who was the Humbert family's housekeeper) and father became scapegoats in the scandal; as a result, Matisse was forced to spend much of his time during the next year dealing with lawyers and journalists. His studio was searched by detectives, and his wife's family was menaced by angry mobs of fraud victims. According to art historian Hilary Spurling, "their public exposure, followed by the arrest of his father-in-law, left Matisse as the sole breadwinner for an extended family of seven. This is why he switched to painting canvases that were at least potentially saleable".
Inspired by Rodin and Barye, Matisse struggled to master volume in sculpture as well as in painting. He darkened his palette, with the results seen in the present work, and in such paintings as Carmelina (1903, in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston).
# Grand Fleet (video game)

Grand Fleet is a 1988 video game published by Simulations Canada.

## Gameplay

Grand Fleet is a game in which players command the flagships of their respective fleet, the British Home Fleet based at Scapa Flow, and the German Fleet based in Jade Bay.

## Reception

Lt. H.E. Dille reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "Overall, this product is recommended for dedicated wargamers and enthusiasts of the historical period covered, but may prove too involved and time-consuming for "weekend warriors"."

## Reviews

* The Games Machine – Sep, 1989
* Atari ST User – Oct, 1989
* Computer Gaming World – Nov, 1991
* ST Format #5
# Prasophyllum colensoi

Prasophyllum colensoi is a species of orchid endemic to New Zealand where it is commonly known as the leek orchid. It has a single tubular, dark green leaf and up to twenty scented, yellowish-green to reddish-brown flowers. It is similar to P. hectori, the only other species of Prasophyllum found in New Zealand, but is distinguished from it by its smaller size, fewer flowers and different habitat.

## Description

Prasophyllum colensoi is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single dark green, tube-shaped leaf 120–350 mm (5–10 in) long and 2–5 mm (0.08–0.2 in) wide with a whitish base. The free part of the leaf is 80–120 mm (3–5 in) long. Between five and twenty lightly scented flowers are crowded along a flowering spike 30–120 mm (1–5 in) long. The flowers are yellowish-green to reddish-brown and 10–11 mm (0.39–0.43 in) long. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is more or less egg-shaped, 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide. The lateral sepals are linear to lance-shaped, about the same size as the dorsal sepal or slightly narrower and almost parallel to each other. The petals are 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) wide and turned downwards. The labellum is egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long, about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide with its outer end turned upwards so that the tip often extends between the lateral sepals. There is a thick, fleshy callus in the centre of the labellum. Flowering occurs from October to March.

## Taxonomy and naming

Prasophyllum colensoi was first formally described in 1853 by Joseph Dalton Hooker and the description was published in The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839-1843. The specific epithet (colensoi) honours William Colenso.

## Distribution and habitat

This leek orchid is widespread on both the North and South Islands of New Zealand where it grows in grassland, between herbs and around the edge of bogs.
# Disphragis notabilis

Disphragis notabilis is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by William Schaus in 1906. It is found throughout the Amazon basin from western Venezuela east- and southward to at least Bolivia. The range includes French Guiana.
The length of the forewings is 17 mm for males and 20.9 mm. There is a broad tan subcostal streak from the base of the wing to the apex. This streak encloses a chocolate reniform spot and has several slightly darker brown lines crossing obliquely from the costa. There is a basal dash below the streak, perpendicular to the thorax, as well as a white streak below the dash. There is a warm brown patch distal to the white streak, bordered by white. The hindwings are fuscous with a darker margin and weak darker brown anal markings almost forming a spot.
# Apostolic Prefecture of Robe

The Apostolic Prefecture of Robe is a Latin Catholic missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction in part of Ethiopia, East Africa.
It is exempt, i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See (notably the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples), not part of any ecclesiastical province. Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathedral of Emmanuel, in Robe (Oromia Region).

## History

Established 2012-02-11 on as Apostolic Prefecture of Robe on territory split off from the Apostolic Vicariate of Meki.

## Ordinaries

(Roman Rite, so far missionary members of a Latin congregation)

### Apostolic Prefects of Robe

* Father Angelo Antolini, Capuchin Franciscans (O.F.M. Cap.) (2012-02-11 – ...)
# N.P. Wieth-Knudsen Observatory

N.P. Wieth-Knudsen Observatory is next to Tisvilde Hegn, two hours away from Copenhagen, Denmark, at Margot Nyholms vej 19, 3220 Tisvildeleje, on the outskirts of a small residential area in Tisvilde, away from artificial light generated by larger cities. It was constructed in 1959 by Dr. Niels Palle Wieth-Knudsen (1909–1993), who used the observatory until his death. His biggest contribution to astronomy was the observation of lunar occultations, during which the moon passes in front of stars, the data from which is then used in the accurate determination of the lunar position. This became important during the 1969 Apollo Moon landings.
In 1999, Wieth-Knudsen's widow, Inger Wieth-Knudsen (1914–2004), presented the building as a gift to the Danish Astronomical Society. The observatory holds a 16-inch computer-controlled telescope. On the observatory grounds there are two radio telescopes and a series of platforms for smaller telescopes, including a solar telescope. The public is welcome to free star-gazing events held on the second and the last Saturdays of every month. Members of the Danish Astronomical Society use the observatory for their own observations on other nights.
# Minuscule 637

Minuscule 637 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 262 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Formerly it was labeled by 175$^a$ and 216$^p$.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles, on 242 parchment leaves (size 29.5 cm by 22.5 cm). It is written in two columns per page, 25 lines per page. It contains Prolegomena, tables of the κεφαλαια, list of μαρτυριαι, μαρτυριαι, lectionary markings, Menologion, subscriptions, and numbers of στιχοι at the margin.
The order of books: Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. Epistle to the Hebrews is placed after Epistle to Philemon.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Kurt Aland placed it in Category V.

## History

The manuscript has been dated by INTF to the 12th century. It was written in Calabria.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Johann Martin Augustin Scholz. It was examined by Andrew Birch. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1886.
Formerly it was labeled by 175$^a$ and 216$^p$. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 637 to it.
The manuscript currently is housed at the library of University of Messina (104), at Messina.
# Apocrypha Now

Apocrypha Now is a 1995 role-playing game supplement for Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay published by Hogshead Publishing.

## Contents

Apocrypha Now is a supplement that compiles material from earlier issues of White Dwarf and first edition Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay supplements.

## Reception

Steve Faragher reviewed Apocrypha Now for Arcane magazine, rating it a 7 out of 10 overall. Faragher comments that "If I have a criticism, it's that not much of the material strikes me as very original. It's vital for all WFRP referees, though."

## Reviews

* Valkyrie #13 (1997)
* Backstab (Issue 1 - Jan/Feb 1997)
* Envoyer #26
# 2019 All-Australian team

The 2019 Virgin Australia All-Australian team represents the best performed Australian Football League (AFL) players during the 2019 season. It was announced on 28 August as a complete Australian rules football team of 22 players. The team is honorary and does not play any games.

## Selection panel

The selection panel for the 2019 All-Australian team consisted of chairman Gillon McLachlan, Kevin Bartlett, Luke Darcy, Danny Frawley, Steve Hocking, Glen Jakovich, Chris Johnson, Cameron Ling, Matthew Richardson and Warren Tredrea.

## Team
### Initial squad

The initial 40-man All-Australian squad was announced on 26 August. West Coast had the most players selected in the initial squad with seven, while minor premiers Geelong had six. Essendon, Gold Coast and St Kilda were the only clubs not to have a single player nominated in the squad.
| Club | Total | Player(s) |
| Adelaide | 1 | Daniel Talia |
| Brisbane Lions | 5 | Harris Andrews, Charlie Cameron, Hugh McCluggage, Lachie Neale, Dayne Zorko |
| Carlton | 1 | Patrick Cripps |
| Collingwood | 3 | Brodie Grundy, Scott Pendlebury, Adam Treloar |
| Essendon | 0 | |
| Fremantle | 2 | Nat Fyfe, Michael Walters |
| Geelong | 6 | Gary Ablett Jr., Mark Blicavs, Patrick Dangerfield, Tom Hawkins, Tim Kelly, Tom Stewart |
| Gold Coast | 0 | |
| Greater Western Sydney | 2 | Jeremy Cameron, Nick Haynes |
| Hawthorn | 1 | James Sicily |
| Melbourne | 1 | Max Gawn |
| North Melbourne | 2 | Ben Brown, Ben Cunnington |
| Port Adelaide | 1 | Travis Boak |
| Richmond | 4 | Dylan Grimes, Bachar Houli, Dustin Martin, Dion Prestia |
| St Kilda | 0 | |
| Sydney | 1 | Dane Rampe |
| West Coast | 7 | Jack Darling, Andrew Gaff, Shannon Hurn, Jeremy McGovern, Brad Sheppard, Luke Shuey, Elliot Yeo |
| Western Bulldogs | 3 | Marcus Bontempelli, Josh Dunkley, Jack Macrae |

### Final team

Geelong and West Coast each had the most selections with four. Fremantle captain Nat Fyfe was announced as the All-Australian captain, with West Coast captain Shannon Hurn announced as vice-captain. The team saw nine players selected in an All-Australian team for the first time in their careers and only ten clubs were represented.
2019 All-Australian team :
| B: | Tom Stewart (Geelong) | Harris Andrews (Brisbane Lions) | Dylan Grimes (Richmond) |
| HB: | Bachar Houli (Richmond) | Jeremy McGovern (West Coast) | Shannon Hurn (West Coast) (vice-captain) |
| C: | Marcus Bontempelli (Western Bulldogs) | Patrick Cripps (Carlton) | Tim Kelly (Geelong) |
| HF: | Patrick Dangerfield (Geelong) | Jeremy Cameron (Greater Western Sydney) | Michael Walters (Fremantle) |
| F: | Jack Darling (West Coast) | Tom Hawkins (Geelong) | Charlie Cameron (Brisbane Lions) |
| Foll: | Brodie Grundy (Collingwood) | Nat Fyfe (Fremantle) (captain) | Lachie Neale (Brisbane Lions) |
| Int: | Scott Pendlebury (Collingwood) | Elliot Yeo (West Coast) | Max Gawn (Melbourne) |
| Int: | Jack Macrae (Western Bulldogs) | | |
| Coach: | Damien Hardwick (Richmond) | Damien Hardwick (Richmond) | Damien Hardwick (Richmond) |
Note: the position of coach in the All-Australian team is traditionally awarded to the coach of the premiership team.
# Prasophyllum diversiflorum

Prasophyllum brevilabre, commonly known as the Gorae leek orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to south-western Victoria. It has a single tubular, green leaf and up to forty greenish-brown flowers with reddish markings. It is a very rare orchid, now only known from two small, scattered populations. It was first recorded from Gorae West near Portland but is no longer found there.

## Description

Prasophyllum diversiflorum is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single tapering, tube-shaped leaf up to 450 mm (20 in) long and 4–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide at the base. Between ten and forty scented flowers are crowded along a flowering spike 80–150 mm (3–6 in) long. The flowers are up to 10 mm (0.4 in) wide and greenish-brown with reddish markings. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is egg-shaped, up to 7 mm (0.3 in) long with a pointed tip. The lateral sepals are lance-shaped, 6–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long, curved and free from each other. The petals are narrow linear in shape and 6–9 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long. The labellum is egg-shaped, white to pinkish, dished and 6–9 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long. It is turns upward near its middle and its edges are wavy. Flowering occurs from December to January.

## Taxonomy and naming

Prasophyllum diversiflorum was first formally described in 1942 by William Henry Nicholls and published the description in The Victorian Naturalist from a specimen collected from Gorae West. Nicholls noted [this species] "is probably the most variable, in regard to the floral characters, on record...".

## Distribution and habitat

The Gorae leek orchid occurs in south-western Victoria, growing in grassland and sedgeland which is often flooded in winter. It is only known from two small populations 90 km (60 mi) apart.

## Conservation

Prasophyllum diversiflorum is classified as Threatened under the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 and as Endangered under the Commonwealth Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC) Act. The main threats to the species are weed invasion, grazing and trampling, vehicle movement and roadside maintenance.
# Diving bird

Diving birds are birds which plunge into the water to catch fish or other prey.

## Description

Such birds may enter the water from flight, such as pelicans, gannets and tropicbirds; or they may dive from the surface of the water, such as the diving ducks, cormorants and penguins. It is theorized that they evolved from birds already adapted for swimming that were equipped with such adaptations as lobed or webbed feet for propulsion.

## Foot-propelled diving birds

Some diving birds, for example the extinct Hesperornithes of the Cretaceous Period, propelled themselves with their feet. They were large, streamlined, and flightless birds with teeth for grasping slippery prey. Today, cormorants (family Phalacrocoracidae), loons (Gaviidae), and grebes (Podicipedidae) are the major groups of foot-propelled diving birds.

## Wing-propelled diving birds

Other diving birds are wing-propelled; penguins (Sphenisciformes), dippers (Cinclus), auks (Alcidae) and diving petrels (Pelecanoides). Also the extinct forms Plotopteridae and Mancallinae appears to have used their wings to propel themselves when diving.

## Plunge-diving birds

Plunge-diving is a special form of foraging that involves a transition from air to water. Plunge-diving birds are notable for their beaks, necks, and morphing wings. Plunge-diving birds generally have a higher beak angle ratio than others. Beak angle ratio is defined as the top angle divided by the side angle. When the top and side angles are similar together, high beak angle ratios result, while when the difference is greater, low beak angle ratios result. Plunge-diving birds' foraging behavior also affects the evolution of rhamphotheca and skeletal beak shape. Plunge-diving birds have narrower and thinner rhamphotheca, resulting in different beak shapes.
The neck of plunge-diving birds is also unique. Plunge-diving birds can dive from heights up to 45 m and reaching speed up to 24 m/s without injury. Their neck plays a big role when plunge-diving. Their neck muscle will contract during the impact process, and the tendons will apply tension to the bones as a stabilizing force during the dive. This allows them to be able to plunge-dive safely, having deeper dives and thereby increasing the volume of water accessible to the birds while surprising the prey. Plunge-diving birds dive less often than those who dive from the water's surface due to the mechanics of the dive.
Another unique feature of plunge-diving birds are their morphing wings. The morphing wing has the ability to change the wingspan in flight and adapt to various aerodynamic requirements or flight conditions. Different shapes of a bird's wing are important in determining the flight capabilities; they can affect aerodynamic performance and maneuverability. In the fully open condition, the morphing wing reaches the maximum surface area and has a 32% higher lift coefficient which to achieve high maneuverability at low speed. In the fully closed condition, the morphing wing would minimize the surface area and reduce the drag coefficient by 29.3%, from 0.027 to 0.021, to achieve high-speed flight.
# Henry Wikoff

Henry Wikoff (c. 1812 – 28 April 1884), known as the Chevalier Wikoff, was an American traveler, writer, impresario and diplomat.

## Biography

Wikoff was born in Philadelphia, the illegitimate son of a doctor who owned Blockley Township, Pennsylvania. Despite his birth status, he inherited a sizable fortune, which enabled him to travel extensively in Europe. He graduated from Union College in 1831, and then attended the College of New Jersey (but did not get a degree). He was admitted to the bar in Pennsylvania in 1834.
That same year, Wikoff then went to Europe, where he acted as a diplomatic agent for the United States, Britain, and France at different times, and even spent some time in prison in Italy. Upon returning to America, he was responsible for the successful tour by famous dancer Fanny Elssler in 1840. In 1852, after a sensational trial in front of the High Court of Genoa, he and a conspirator, Frenchman Louis Vannaud, were sentenced to 15 months in prison for attempting to force an heiress, Miss G. C. Gamble, into marriage in order to gain access to her fortune. Wikoff became a close friend of First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln, which created some scandalous gossip. Likely due to this relationship, Wikoff was involved in leaking portions of Abraham Lincoln's 1861 State of the Union Address to the press, which he possibly obtained from Mary Todd Lincoln.
He was friendly with the Bonaparte imperial family in France, and was awarded the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor by Napoleon III, which gave him the title of Chevalier (Knight), and was made Knight Commander of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic, by the King of Spain in 1871. He acted as an undercover reporter for the New York Herald, making use of his presence in government circles.
Wikoff died 28 April 1884 in Brighton, Sussex, England, age 72 or 74.

## Works

* Napoleon Louis Bonaparte, First President of France; Biographical and Personal Sketches, Including a Visit to the Prince at the Castle of Ham. New York: George P. Putnam, 1849
* My Courtship and its Consequences. New York: J. C. Derby, 1855
* The Adventures of a Roving Diplomatist. New York: W. P. Fetridge, 1857
* Memoir of Ginevra Guerrabella. New York: T.J. Crowan, 1863
* Reminiscences of an Idler. New York: Fords, Howard & Hulbert, 1880