OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure

Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure is a parliamentary authority manual by George Demeter. It is included in the bank of study materials used in preparing for the Certified Parliamentarian (CP) designation offered by the American Institute of Parliamentarians. Similar to Robert's Rules of Order, Demeter's Manual notes, "Without rules, there would be injustice and confusion. Hence, it is as necessary to follow the rules of parliamentary law as it is to follow the rules of a ball game or a card game." The book attempts to include everything a presiding officer might need to know, including public courtesies and ceremonies; sample prayers for opening a meeting; organizing a new lodge, chapter or post; times of fraction and discord; acquisition of new members; installation of officers; and adjournment. Chapter 16 contains an "entire meeting in drill form," designed to illustrate a range of parliamentary motions and situations and how a chairman would handle them. Demeter also devotes space to discussing strategic use of parliamentary procedure. The book concludes with "The Greatest Convention Ever Held", an account of the Creation in parliamentary terms.

## Editions

* Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure, 2nd edition, 1949
* Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure, 3rd revised edition, 1950, Bostonia Press.
* Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure, Universal edition, 1953, Bostonia Press.
* Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure, Universal Revised, 1961, Bostonia Press.
* Demeter's Manual of Parliamentary Law and Procedure, Blue Book edition, 1969, Little, Brown and Company.
# Get Up (Shinedown song)

"Get Up" is a song by American rock band Shinedown. It was the second song off of their sixth studio album Attention Attention. The song's accompanying music video was released on August 8, 2018. In November 2018, the song gave Shinedown their eleventh song to reach the top ten on the Billboard Rock Airplay chart and broke the Foo Fighters previous record with ten songs. The following month, "Get Up" reached number one on the US Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs chart in December 2018 where it remained for two consecutive weeks. The song's number one peak gave Shinedown their 13th Mainstream Rock number one, and tied them for second place with Van Halen for the most number ones on the chart. It was also the band's first single to chart on the Adult Top 40 chart since 2010's "If You Only Knew".

## Release

The following year, a music video showing live footage of the band performing "Get Up" was uploaded in February 2019. The footage included in the live version was recorded during Shinedown's 2018 Attention Attention tour. A piano rendition of "Get Up" came out on May 3, 2019, with an accompanying music video later that month on May 15. On May 31, 2019, the “Get Up” EP was released, which features the regular and piano versions, as well as a new acoustic version of the song.

## Themes

Singer Brent Smith wrote the song while helping his friend and bandmate Eric Bass cope with depression. The song also reflects Smith's own struggles. Smith explains the premise and purpose of the song: "We don't want people to feel ashamed about what they're going through. ...You're not going to be defined by your failures," Smith said. "You're going to be defined by the fact that you didn't give up.".

## Charts

In November 2018, "Get Up" became the eleventh song by Shinedown to reach the top ten of the Billboard Rock Airplay chart. Upon reaching the top ten, the band broke the Foo Fighters record for the most Rock Airplay songs to peak at the top ten. The following month, "Get Up" peaked at number one on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Songs. The song was the 13th number one for Shinedown, and moved the band to a second place tie for most number ones on the Mainstream Rock chart with Van Halen.
# Montreux Ladies Open

The Montreux Ladies Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. The event is classified as a WTA 125 event, after being upgraded from $60,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament in 2024. It has been held in Montreux, Switzerland, since 2017.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Irina-Camelia Begu | Petra Marčinko | 1–6, 6–3, 6–0 |
| ⬆️ WTA 125 event ⬆️ ||||
| 2023 | Anna Bondár | Anna Gabric | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2022 | Tamara Korpatsch | Emma Navarro | 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2021 | Beatriz Haddad Maia | Francesca Jones | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2020 | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2019 | Olga Danilović | Julia Grabher | 6–2, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Iga Świątek | Kimberley Zimmermann | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2017 | María Teresa Torró Flor | Deborah Chiesa | 4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Quinn Gleason Ingrid Martins | María Lourdes Carlé Simona Waltert | 6–3, 4–6, [10–7] |
| ⬆️ WTA 125 event ⬆️ ||||
| 2023 | Amina Anshba Lexie Stevens | Francisca Jorge Matilde Jorge | 1–6, 7–5, [12–10] |
| 2022 | Inès Ibbou Naïma Karamoko | Jenny Dürst Weronika Falkowska | 2–6, 6–3, [16–14] |
| 2021 | Estelle Cascino Camilla Rosatello | Conny Perrin Eden Silva | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–4 |
| 2020 | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic | Tournament cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 2019 | Xenia Knoll Mandy Minella | Ylena In-Albon Conny Perrin | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Andreea Mitu Elena-Gabriela Ruse | Laura Pigossi Maryna Zanevska | 4–6, 6–3, [10–4] |
| 2017 | Xenia Knoll Amra Sadiković | Michaela Hončová Isabella Shinikova | 6–2, 7–5 |
# 2022 Tennis Napoli Cup – Doubles

Ivan Dodig and Austin Krajicek defeated Matthew Ebden and John Peers in the final, 6–3, 1–6, [10–8] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2022 Tennis Napoli Cup.
Dustin Brown and Andrea Vavassori were the reigning champions from 2021, when the tournament was an ATP Challenger Tour event, but only Vavassori chose to defend his title, partnering Lorenzo Sonego. Vavassori lost in the semifinals to Dodig and Krajicek.

## Seeds

* Ivan Dodig / Austin Krajicek (champions)
* Simone Bolelli / Fabio Fognini (first round)
* Matthew Ebden / John Peers (final)
* Rafael Matos / David Vega Hernández (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | I Dodig A Krajicek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | P Martínez B Zapata Miralles | 3 | 2 | | 1 | I Dodig A Krajicek | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | P Cachin R Carballés Baena | 4 | 6 | [10] | | P Cachin R Carballés Baena | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | S Napolitano A Pellegrino | 6 | 4 | [5] | | | | | | 1 | I Dodig A Krajicek | 6$^8$ | 6 | [11] | | | | | |
| 4 | R Matos D Vega Hernández | 6 | 1 | [4] | | | | | | | L Sonego A Vavassori | 7$^{10}$ | 3 | [9] | | | | | |
| | T Brkić G Escobar | 4 | 6 | [10] | | T Brkić G Escobar | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Ramos Viñolas DE Galán | 5 | 2 | | | L Sonego A Vavassori | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Sonego A Vavassori | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | I Dodig A Krajicek | 6 | 1 | [10] |
| | S Doumbia F Reboul | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | M Ebden J Peers | 3 | 6 | [8] |
| | F Cabral J Murray | 3 | 1 | | | S Doumbia F Reboul | 7 | 4 | [4] | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | F Maestrelli F Passaro | 1 | 4 | | 3 | M Ebden J Peers | 5 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | M Ebden J Peers | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | M Ebden J Peers | 6 | 7 | | | | | | |
| | N Barrientos MÁ Reyes-Varela | 5 | 2 | | | | | | | | N Ćaćić A-u-H Qureshi | 3 | 5 | | | | | | |
| | N Ćaćić A-u-H Qureshi | 7 | 6 | | | N Ćaćić A-u-H Qureshi | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Mannarino F Martin | 6 | 6 | | | A Mannarino F Martin | 2 | 6 | [7] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Bolelli F Fognini | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Barow

Barow may refer to:
* Bārow, a variant name of Vala Rud, a village in Zanjan County, Zanjan Province, Iran
* John Barow or Barrow, a number of people
* Margaret à Barow or Barrow, (1500–1560/69), an English lady, known for her learning, sometimes referred to as Margaret Aborough (a variant of à Barow / Barrow)
# Gianfrancesco Lazotti

Gianfrancesco Lazotti (Rome, born 2 March 1957) is an Italian film screenwriter and director.
Born in Rome, Lazotti studied at DAMS in Bologna and apprenticed as assistant director to many well-known Italian directors, including Ettore Scola and Dino Risi. Meanwhile, he launched his own career directing commercials and hosting a show on RAI radio. In 1987 he made his feature directorial debut with Il mitico Gianluca for Italian TV. Among his subsequent credits: Schiaffi d'amore, Saremo felici, Lo sbaglio, for the omnibus feature Corsica, the TV series Chiara e gli altri (1990), I ragazzi del muretto, Linda e il brigadiere and the documentary The great Carnival of Venice.

## Filmography

* Piazza Navona (1988)
* Chiara e gli altri (1989)
* Saremo felici (1989)
* Senator (1990)
* Andy e Norman (1991)
* I ragazzi del muretto (1991)
* Tutti gli anni una volta l'anno (1995)
* Linda e il Brigadiere (1997)
* Misteri di Cascina Vienello (1997)
* Linda e il brigadiere 2 (1998)
* Le ragazze di Piazza di Spagna (1998)
* Valeria medico legale (2000)
* Angelo il custode (2001)
* Diritto di difesa (2005)
* Finalmente a casa (2008)
* The great Carnival of Venice (2008)
* Dalla vita in poi (2010)
* La notte è piccola per noi (2018)
# Janian

Janian is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6.4 kilometres (4.0 mi) from Shahkot, 24.4 kilometres (15.2 mi) from Nakodar, 48 kilometres (30 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 179 kilometres (111 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

## Transport

Shahkot Malisian station is the nearest train station. The village is 85 kilometres (53 mi) away from domestic airport in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh also Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is 107 kilometres (66 mi) away in Amritsar.
# Get Up (R.E.M. song)

"Get Up" is the fourth and final single released by R.E.M. from the band's sixth album Green (1988). It was included in the limited edition Singleactiongreen box set released in November 1989. The song was released as a single only in the US but failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.
The song was written by Michael Stipe about Mike Mills. Mills always seemed to sleep late during their recording sessions for Green. This was Stipe's call for Mills to get up and work. However, Mills did not find this out until a concert in the late 1990s, when Stipe introduced the song as being about him.
The video for the song was created by a young filmmaker named Eric Darnell, who had recently graduated from the CalArts program in experimental animation and who went on to co-direct the mainstream computer-animated features Antz and Madagascar.
In the film Tourfilm, which features footage from R.E.M.'s tour in 1989, Stipe introduces this song as his favorite.
During the bridge, several music boxes are played at once. This was the idea of Bill Berry, who had originally envisioned this in a dream.

## Track listing

* "Get Up" (Bill Berry, Peter Buck, Mike Mills, Michael Stipe) – 2:35
* "Funtime" (David Bowie, Iggy Pop) – 2:14
# Here One Day

Here One Day is a 2012 documentary film on the life and suicide of Nina Leichter, the wife of politician Franz S. Leichter. It was directed by their daughter, Kathy Leichter.
# Ivy Naistadt

Ivy Naistadt is an American speaker, author, and executive speech coach. She is most well known for her book Speak Without Fear – A Total System for Becoming a Natural, Confident Communicator, published by HarperCollins in 2004.

## Early life

Ivy Naistadt was born and raised in Syracuse, New York. She graduated from Ithaca College with a B.F.A. in Acting.

## Career

Upon moving to New York City, Naistadt worked as a page for NBC. She also worked as an actor. She later served on the faculty of New York University's Continuing Education Program. Naistadt has also been a spokesperson for such companies as AT&T, General Electric, Kodak, Westinghouse, Xerox, and as a producer of corporate business productions.
Naistadt's techniques were originally developed to combat the occasional anxiety she encountered during her acting career. Her introduction to public speaking began when she became a corporate spokeswoman for AT&T. She produced theatrical events for other corporations in which she coached business types on how to talk about their products.
Naistadt keen insight and deep understanding of speech have also been recognized in the NY Times, as she offers advice to George W. Bush along with Pat Buchanan, Robert St. John, Bill Maher, and Joseph E. Stiglitz. As a nationally recognized and sought after communication expert, Naistadt has also appeared on television, frequently conducts radio interviews, and has been quoted in numerous publications including: USA Today Magazine, Selling Power, Sales and Marketing Management, and The Daily News. She has also appeared on numerous radio stations including NPR.
Naistadt is currently listed in the Who's Who in Professional Speaking, and has been a current a member of the American Society for Training & Development (ASTD), the National Speakers Association, and the American Management Association.
Naistadt's book Speak Without Fear: A Total System for Becoming a Natural, Confident Communicator, published on HarperCollins in 2004, offers a unique, practical process for combating stage fright. Speak Without Fear has been translated to different languages, including Spanish, Russian, and Indonesian.
"This book could be your Bible as it addresses the problem of stage fright and other difficulties connected with public speaking." – USA Today Magazine.
Speak Without Fear has also been featured in various articles addressing fear of speech, including Stanford University's newsletter, The Journal of the Legal Writing Institute at New York Law School, The Daily Targum.
# Conospermum ericifolium

Conospermum ericifolium is a flowering plant of the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a slender, erect shrub with linear leaves, panicles of cream-coloured to white flowers and hairy, golden nuts.

## Description

Conospermum ericifolium is a slender, erect shrub that typically grows to a height of 50–80 cm (20–31 in), sometimes to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) and has long, thin branches. The flowers are arranged in panicles of head-like spikes or in dense spikes, on hairy peduncles 14–46 mm (0.55–1.81 in) long. The bracteoles are 2.8–3.4 mm (0.11–0.13 in) long and 1.75–2.5 mm (0.069–0.098 in) wide. The perianth is cream-coloured to white forming a tube 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long. The upper lip is sac-like, 1.5–1.8 mm (0.059–0.071 in) long and 1.6–2.0 mm (0.063–0.079 in) wide, the lower lip joined for 0.75–1 mm (0.030–0.039 in) with lobes 1.2–1.6 mm (0.047–0.063 in) long and 0.6–0.8 mm (0.024–0.031 in) wide. Flowering in spring, and the fruit is a nut 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long with golden hairs.

## Taxonomy

Conospermum ericifolium was first formally described in 1808 by James Edward Smith in Abraham Rees's Cyclopædia from specimens collected by John White. The specific epithet (ericifolium) refers to the similarity of the leaves to plants in the genus Erica .

## Distribution and habitat

This species of Conospermum grows in heath and shrubby woodland from Toukley to Nowra and Jervis Bay, on the coast around Sydney.
# Gedikbaşı, Divriği

Gedikbaşı is a village in the Divriği District of Sivas Province in Turkey. It is populated by Turks and had a population of 66 in 2023.
# PS City of Erie

The SS City of Erie was a sidewheeler steamboat on Lake Erie. It was famous for being one of the fastest ships on the Great Lakes, at the time. It also won a race against a newer, rival ship.

## Construction

The City of Erie was built in 1898 by the Detroit Dry Dock Company in Wyandotte, Michigan, for the Cleveland Buffalo Transit Company (C&B). It was designed by Frank E. Kirby. The ship was launched on February 26, 1898, and made its maiden voyage on June 19, 1898.

## Operations

The City of Erie's route was from Cleveland, Ohio, and Erie, Pennsylvania, to Buffalo, New York. It was nicknamed the "Honeymoon Special" from the number of newlyweds who travelled to Buffalo, bound for Niagara Falls, on the City of Erie. Starting in 1929, the City of Erie operated between Cleveland and Port Stanley, Ontario.

## Steamboat race

After a friendly race between the City of Chicago and the City of Milwaukee in September 1900, a Chicago newspaper boasted the winner (the City of Chicago) was the "fastest on the lakes". A paper in Detroit, Michigan, subsequently listed nine other vessels (including the City of Erie) that could have easily beat the City of Chicago. The list failed to mention the newest ship built for Detroit's White Star Line, the Tashmoo. The Tashmoo, also designed by Kirby, was built in 1900 and was built specifically for speed. The president of Detroit's White Star Line offered $1,000 to any ship that could beat the Tashmoo in a race. J. W. Wescott, president of the C&B, accepted the challenge. The set course was 82 nautical miles (152 km; 94 mi) long, going along the City of Erie's regular route from Cleveland to Erie.
The City of Erie was initially ahead but was soon overtaken by the Tashmoo. The Tashmoo eventually slowed and was passed as soon as it was out of sight of the shore because the "wheelman [of the Tashmoo] was not used to steering [only] by compass." The Tashmoo was later forced to slow again due to an overheating condenser. The City of Erie beat the Tashmoo by 45 seconds, with the Tashmoo still gaining ground. The owners of the City of Erie refused to have a rematch, although it was admitted that the Tashmoo was the faster ship.

## End of service

On September 27, 1909, the City of Erie collided with the schooner, T. Vance Straubenstein. The schooner was sunk, drowning three people.
The City of Erie was retired from service in 1938 and was scrapped in Cleveland in 1941.
# Liz Balmaseda

Liz Balmaseda (born January 17, 1959) is a journalist who writes for The Palm Beach Post.
Balmaseda was born in Puerto Padre, Cuba, amidst the Cuban Revolution. Her family emigrated to the United States, and she grew up in Miami, Florida. She received an associate's degree from Miami Dade College, and then a bachelor's degree from Florida International University in communications in 1981. She had been an intern for the Miami Herald in 1980, and was hired upon her graduation in 1981 to write for El Herald, the Miami Herald's Spanish-language sister paper. She worked in this and several other reporting assignments at the Herald until 1985, when she left to become Central America bureau chief, based in El Salvador, for Newsweek. She moved to NBC News as a field producer based in Honduras before returning to the Miami Herald in November 1987 as a feature writer.
Balmaseda was awarded her first Pulitzer Prize for Commentary in 1993 for her writings on the plight of Cuban and Haitian refugees. Her second was awarded for breaking-news reporting in 2001, for her role in covering the story of Elián González. That same year, she won the Hispanic Heritage Award for Literature.
# North Korea Intellectuals Solidarity

North Korea Intellectuals Solidarity is a group of North Korean dissidents resident in South Korea.
It was founded by Kim Heung Kwang in October 2008.

## Overview

NKIS's mission is to promote freedom, democratization, reform, and human rights for North Korea. Its activities include:
* Conducting academic research on North Korea and unification
* Researching ideas on the development and progression of North Korea
* Cultivating the skills of North Korean defector intellectuals and fostering younger generations
The organization has also been known to smuggle in USB drives containing political information about South Korean governmental activities along with DVDs and other South Korean media content.
# Mynga Futrell

Mynga Futrell (born 1944) is an American activist who cofounded the international constituency of Brights. Her varied pursuits center around civic pluralism (boosting social acceptance, civic engagement and equity for citizens who have supernatural-free worldviews).

## Early life and education

Although born in Harlan, Kentucky, Futrell grew up in Kentucky’s bluegrass region where her father chaired (1928-1966) the geography-geology department at the local college (now Eastern Kentucky University). For elementary and secondary levels, she attended the campus laboratory school and, after graduating (1962), she pursued undergraduate studies, graduating with a double major in Chemistry and Earth Science (B.S., 1966). Futrell carried out graduate studies (1970–74) at the University of Wyoming. She holds an M.S. (1972) in Natural Science and a Ph.D. (1974) in Curriculum and Instruction with a specialization in Science Education.

## Career and activism

Futrell is co-founder (with husband, Paul Geisert) of the Brights movement. She authored the definition of “a bright” and established an international online registry and organizational hub. The nonprofit Brights’ Net encourages persons who have a naturalistic (free-of-supernatural) worldview to be visible and to engage constructively in civic endeavors.
Futrell’s freethought activism is marked by her co-founding several additional nonprofit organizations:
1993: Atheists and Other Freethinkers
2002: “Freethought Day” (now California Freethought Day)
2014: Reason Center
She has served on the boards of directors of the American Humanist Association and the Atheist Alliance and on the advisory board of Americans United for the Separation of Church and State.
An educator at levels of instruction from elementary classroom through university professor, Futrell was a tenured Associate Professor at Gallaudet University in Washington, DC. She has also co-authored several books including, The Well-Trained Computer: Designing Systematic Instructional Materials for the Classroom Microcomputer (1984), Teachers, Computers, and Curriculum: Microcomputers in the Classroom, and Different Drummers: Nonconforming Thinkers in History (1999).
Activism in the education field includes serving on the advisory council of the California 3Rs (rights, respect, responsibility) religious liberty project for teachers initiated by the First Amendment Center. Futrell developed Worldview Education: Teaching about Religion in Support of Civic Pluralism, a religion-neutral professional web resource for educators.
# Aposphaerion unicolor

Aposphaerion unicolor is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by White in 1855.