OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Latham appliance

The Latham appliance is a medical appliance used to repair cleft lip and cleft palate in young children.
The appliance is surgically inserted by use of pins during the child's 4th or 5th month. After it is in place, the doctor, or parents, turn a screw daily to bring the cleft together to assist with future lip and/or palate repair.
It has been advocated that an ideal approach to treatment of infants with UCLP would be to move the entire maxilla forward using traction to stimulate an adjustment response of the maxillary sutures. Such an advancement would improve alignment of the dental arch. If this were accomplished prior to surgery, the cheiloplasty might result in more normal anatomic relationships with minimal mobilization of facial tissues.
The appliance has two acrylic pads joined by a posterior stainless steel hinged strut. The end of the adjustment screw, which is attached to the lesser segment, fits into a slot on the greater segment. The appliance is attached to the palatal bone using stainless steel pins placed 30-40" to the vertical. This pin placement facilitates good retention and avoids the developing teeth. Rotation of the screw applies a force that advances the lesser segment anteriorly.
# 2007–08 Irish First Division

The 2007–08 Irish First Division was the thirteenth season of second-tier football in Northern Ireland under the league system at the time, and the last under this structure before a major overhaul of the league system. The 2007–08 First Division consisted of 12 clubs.
Loughgall were the champions, but were not promoted to the 2008–09 IFA Premiership as they did not apply for a place. Bangor finished fourth and were the only team from the First Division to apply for a place in the following season's top division, and were granted a place ahead of other incumbent top-flight clubs.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Loughgall (C) | 22 | 15 | 4 | 3 | 42 | 21 | +21 | 49 | |
| 2 | Dundela (R) | 22 | 12 | 3 | 7 | 38 | 28 | +10 | 39 | Relegation to IFA Interim Intermediate League |
| 3 | Ballyclare Comrades | 22 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 25 | 13 | +12 | 38 | |
| 4 | Bangor (P) | 22 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 43 | 33 | +10 | 37 | Promotion to IFA Premiership |
| 5 | Tobermore United | 22 | 10 | 5 | 7 | 41 | 32 | +9 | 35 | |
| 6 | Carrick Rangers | 22 | 10 | 3 | 9 | 34 | 30 | +4 | 33 | |
| 7 | Banbridge Town | 22 | 10 | 2 | 10 | 38 | 38 | 0 | 32 | |
| 8 | Ards | 22 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 32 | 28 | +4 | 27 | |
| 9 | Coagh United | 22 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 27 | 35 | −8 | 27 | |
| 10 | Harland & Wolff Welders (R) | 22 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 19 | 27 | −8 | 26 | Relegation to IFA Interim Intermediate League |
| 11 | Lurgan Celtic (R) | 22 | 5 | 3 | 14 | 22 | 44 | −22 | 18 | Relegation to IFA Interim Intermediate League |
| 12 | Portstewart (R) | 22 | 1 | 5 | 16 | 15 | 47 | −32 | 8 | Relegation to IFA Interim Intermediate League |
# Maddalena Panattieri

Maddalena Panattieri, OP (1443 – 13 October 1503) was an Italian Sister of Penance of Saint Dominic. Panattieri was a stigmatic and received visions during her life with one in particular being the French invasion of the Italian peninsula. She served as a catechist to children and was noted for her simple existence.
Panattieri was beatified on 26 September 1827 after Pope Leo XII confirmed that there was a longstanding popular devotion to the late religious.

## Life

Maddalena Panattieri was born in Trino in 1443 and as a child fostered a great devotion to Catherine of Siena. She made a private vow as a child to remain chaste and joined the Order of Preachers not long before 1463 as part of the Dominican tertiaries; this was considered unusual since members were mainly widows and older women.
Panattieri lived at home alongside her relations and devoted her time to the care of both the poor and the ill and she would often give talks to children (she was quite fond of children) while later speaking with priests and nuns. She would instruct these children in catechism which led to older people flocking to hear her speak on the subject. Panattieri also received the stigmata later in life though kept this a secret. The reform movement of Raymond of Capua of the order saw the religious promote it in Trino. God also revealed to her the coming French invasion of the Italian peninsula though she would not live to see it.
She often spent her mornings in Eucharistic adoration while her afternoons saw her administering to both the ill and the poor; she became noted for her austerities which included wearing a rough woolen shirt and for her long fasts. When her brother kept getting into trouble (and his conduct exceeded all patience) she would fall to her knees before a crucifix and would beg for God to intervene and help her brother. Through her efforts the order was inspired to undertake a more strict observance which led to Sebastian Maggi - from Milan - coming in 1490 to inaugurate this at her request.
On one occasion a rich councilor from Milan - who harbored great hatred towards the faith - was excommunicated and he hit her across the face in public and called her names. She dropped to her knees and said: "Brother here is the other cheek. I give it to you in love of Jesus Christ" which infuriated the man further. But justice was too late for the man died a violent death from a painful and incurable disease not long after this incident.
Panattieri died on 13 October 1503 in Trino. On her deathbed she said: "I could not be happy in Heaven if you were not there too" to those assembled near her bedside. She sang "Jesus our Redeemer" and the "Ave Maria" prior to her death. Her remains were found in 1964 and transferred in 1970.

## Beatification

Panattieri was beatified by Pope Leo XII on 26 September 1827.
# Machanaim

Machanaim is an organization dealing with the spiritual absorption of Jewish people from the former USSR in Israel. The movement's work and its goals spawned its name, the Hebrew word מַחֲנָיִם‎ from Genesis 32:3 meaning "two camps", in this case referring to Jerusalem and Moscow.
Machanaim's founders are Rabbi Dr. Zeev Dashevsky, Dr. Pinchas Polonsky, and Dr. Michael Kara-Ivanov. Machanaim began in Moscow behind the Iron Curtain in 1979, during the period of Brezhnev stagnation, as a group of young people who gathered to study Jewish history and tradition and pass on this knowledge on to their fellow Jews. Over time it developed into an organized underground network for studying Torah, Jewish philosophy, and Jewish law. Almost all the group members were refuseniks. Classes were sometimes interrupted by the KGB.
In 1987 most of the Machanaim activists received permission to emigrate to Israel. There they set two main goals: to work with new immigrants and to provide assistance in Jewish education for those Jews still in the CIS.
The organization has produced many books and classes, especially for conversion to Judaism. Its other main projects include teaching Judaism via the media, running a synagogue and other activities in Ma'aleh Adumim. It is an important proponent of Religious Zionism among Russian-speaking Jews.

## Other uses of the name

Machanaim is also the name of a popular game played at Jewish summer camps and schools. It is sometimes spelled Machanayim.
# Mackville, Kentucky

Mackville is a home rule-class city in Washington County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 207 at the time of the 2020 census.

## History

Mackville was established in 1818 as "Maxville." It was named for Captain John McKittrick, an American Revolutionary War veteran who owned the original tract upon which the city was founded. The name was changed to the current spelling when a post office was established in the city in 1826.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.0 km$^2$), all land. The city is situated in eastern Washington County, west of Harrodsburg and east of Springfield, and is concentrated around the intersection of Kentucky Route 152 and Kentucky Route 433.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 206 people, 93 households, and 59 families residing in the city. The population density was 544.4 inhabitants per square mile (210.2/km$^2$). There were 103 housing units at an average density of 272.2 per square mile (105.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 96.60% White, 2.91% African American, and 0.49% from two or more races.
There were 93 households, out of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.80.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 16.5% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 21.4% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 28.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,250, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $33,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,837. About 3.3% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen and 23.7% of those 65 or over.
# Mackworth, Amber Valley

Mackworth is a village and civil parish in the borough of Amber Valley, in Derbyshire, England. The 2011 Census recorded a population for the parish of 229. Mackworth is about two miles (3.2 km) from Derby and ten miles (16 km) from Ashbourne. It shares its name with the nearby Mackworth Estate in Derby.

## Heritage

Mackworth, a conservation village, is mentioned in the Domesday Book and has evidence of Roman occupation. The site of the original medieval village can still be seen in the slopes of the hillside. Historically, the parish also contained the neighbouring village of Markeaton, now within the Derby city boundary. In 1881 the population of Mackworth village was given as 253, whilst Markeaton was given as 758, making a total of 1,011 in the parish of Mackworth.
The village shares its stone-built All Saints' Church with Markeaton. The church has memorials to the Mundy family of Markeaton, whose arms date back to the reign of Edward the Confessor.
Close by is Mackworth Castle, seat of the Mackworth family until the death of Sir Thomas Mackworth in 1640. The castle estate was later the property of Lord Scarsdale.

## Notable residents

* William Emes (c. 1729–1803), landscape gardener, moved to a farmhouse at Bowbridge Fields about 1860.
* Samuel Richardson, "father of the English novel", was baptised here in 1689.
# Hofsee (Satow)

Hofsee is a lake at Satow, Fünfseen, Mecklenburgische Seenplatte, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. At an elevation of 90.3 m, its surface area is 0.127 km².
* This Mecklenburgische Seenplatte (district) location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Astana Siraj-Ul-Aashqeen

Astana Siraj-Ul-Aashqeen is a Sufi shrine to Hazrat Zulfiqar Haider Shah Warsi in Lahore, Pakistan associated with the Silsila-e-Warsi and Sayed Waris Ali Shah from Dewa Shareef, India. Astana Siraj-Ul-Aashqeen is located in Lahore (Punjab, Pakistan), and is the Sufi shrine belonging to Hazrat Zulfiqar Haider Ali Shah Warsi. Astana Siraj-Ul-Aashqeen is a mystic body of religious and Sufi practices the remains of Sayed Waris Ali Shah, a Sufi saint from India. The Warsi spiritual genealogy is the practitioner of Islamic spirituality, asceticism, esotericism, and Sufism for all humankind. It has defined the mystical Islamic expression to manifest the dimension of Islamic practices. The Warsi spirituality and congregation as a Sufiism center was formed by Faqeer Zulfiqar Ali Shah Warsi who is the administrator of the Astana Siraj-Ul-Aashqeen.

## Waris Ali Shah

Sayed Waris Ali Shah (1817-1905) was a 26th generation descendant of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Muhammad. He was a follower of the Qadriyyah Order. He was orphaned at a young age and attached himself to Hazrat Khadim Ali Shah, a dervish from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

### History

The Sufi shrine of Hazrat Faqeer Zulfiqar Haider Shah Warsi was established as a grave next to the mosque in 2010.
# Xu Jilin

Xu Jilin (born 1957; Chinese: 许纪霖; pinyin: Xú Jìlín) is a Chinese historian. He is a professor of history at East China Normal University, and specializes in 20th century Chinese intellectual history.

## Early life

Born in 1957 in Shanghai, Xu Jilin dropped out of school and became a librarian because of the Cultural Revolution. As time passed, he eventually decided to pursue further education after passing National Higher Education Entrance Examination. He studied policy at East China Normal University.

## Career

In 1982 Xu graduated with a Bachelor's degree. He became a university lecturer. From 1997 to 2003, Xu Jilin traveled to three universities as a visiting professor and visiting scholar: the Harvard–Yenching Institute, the National University of Singapore, and the University of Tokyo. In 2003, he returned to the East China Normal University where he continued his career.
Xu Jilin serves on the editorial board of the journal Twenty-First Century Bimonthly, published by Chinese University of Hong Kong.

## Views

Xu is a liberal who disavows what he terms the political extremes. He believes in "small government, big society", and criticized the statist, conservative intellectual current of the Chinese New Left.

## Selected works in English

* Xu, Jilin (2000). "The Fate of an Enlightenment: Twenty Years in the Chinese Intellectual Sphere (1978–98)" (PDF). East Asian History (20). Translated by Barmé, Geremie R.; Davies, Gloria: 169–186.
* ——— (2004). "What Future for Public Intellectuals?: The specialisation of knowledge, the commercialisation of culture and the emergence of post-modernism characterise China in the 1990s". China Perspectives (52). Translated by Black, Michael: 18–30.
* ——— (2012). "Social Darwinism in modern China". Journal of Modern Chinese History. 6 (2): 182–197. doi:10.1080/17535654.2012.718605.
* ——— (2018). Rethinking China's Rise: A Liberal Critique. Translated by Ownby, David. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1108470759.
# Carol Christian

Carol Ann Christian (born 28 December 1950) is an American astronomer and science communicator, who works for the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI; the science operations center for the Hubble Space Telescope) as a scientist on the institute's outreach program.
Christian was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and studied astronomy and physics at Boston University, from which she graduated with a PhD in 1979 with a thesis on Investigations of distant field stars and clusters in the galactic anticenter. She then worked as an astronomer for University of California, Berkeley. In 1992, Christian and her colleagues decided to establish Eureka Scientific as a conduit for grant applications of non-tenure-track astronomers after UC Berkeley did not sponsor her NASA grant proposal due to the lack of any tenure-track faculty position.
In August 1995, Christian was selected as the first head of STScI's new Office of Public Outreach after a national search. She has continued to act as an outreach scientist for the institute as a media spokesperson, educator and author. From 2003 to 2006, she worked as a scientific policy advisor for the State Department. In 2010, she co-authored A Question and Answer Guide to Astronomy with Pierre-Yves Bely and Jean-René Roy.
# General Gibbs

General Gibbs may refer to:
* Alfred Gibbs (1823–1868), Union Army brigadier general and brevet major general
* David Parker Gibbs (1911–1987), U.S. Army major general
* Edward Gibbs (c. 1777–1847), British Army lieutenant general
* George Sabin Gibbs (1875–1947), United States Army major general
* Roland Gibbs (1921–2004), British Army general
# Latham Withall

Latham Augustus Withall OBE (1853 – 16 January 1925) was a British architect who practised in Adelaide, South Australia from 1876 to 1888. His middle name is frequently rendered as "August".
He served a five-year apprenticeship with Thomas Chatfield Clarke FRIBA.
He arrived in Adelaide, South Australia sometime before 1876, and by August 1878 was proprietor of the Royal Hotel, Port Augusta.
While in Adelaide he was in partnership with Ernest H. Bayer 1879–1884, then with their draftsman Alfred Wells. Work with Wells included the Adelaide Arcade and Thebarton Town Hall in 1885, and the Jubilee Exhibition Building in 1886. After Withall and his family returned to England in 1888, Wells and the firm designed the new (1892) Stock Exchange Building, and the Angas and Allen Campbell Buildings of the Adelaide Children's Hospital.
Withall was the architect of the Fox and Anchor, a Grade II listed public house at 115 Charterhouse Street, Farringdon, London, built in 1898.
Sometime before 1905 he left Suffolk (Reigate, Surrey?) for Perth, Western Australia, where he began working as a construction engineer for the Water Supply Department. In 1915 he volunteered for service with the First AIF, and returned to England, where he worked as architectural superintendent of the Australian military hospitals in Essex with the rank of Captain, service for which he was accorded an OBE in the 1919 Birthday Honours. He died in London.

## Family

Withall married Louisa Margaret Reed in Adelaide on 18 April 1876. Their children included:
* Adelaide Withall (26 January 1877 – ) married Archie W. Woodyatt in Reigate on 10 October 1901
* Richard Henry Withall (10 May 1879 – ) awarded Military Medal
* Letitia Withall (30 August 1881 – )
* Osborn Withall (27 January 1884 – 1972) returned to South Australia, married Lily Augusta Hall ( – 1976) of Unley on 28 March 1911, lived at "Challana", Streaky Bay
* Latham Withall (10 August 1886 – 23 March 1971) returned to Australia, living in Jolimont, later East Melbourne; married Mabel Pearson; enlisted with the 1st AIF November 1917, promoted S/Sgt with Ordnance Corps; was director of Associated Chambers of Manufactures of Australia.
# Hallen, Gloucestershire

Hallen is a village in South Gloucestershire, England, just north of the Bristol city boundary. It is southwest of Easter Compton, northeast of Avonmouth and northwest of Henbury. The village lies at the edge of the Severn floodplain, sandwiched between the M49 and M5 motorways. It is sometimes claimed that the name "Hallen" is from the Welsh for salt, 'halen', or from an Anglo-Saxon word of the same meaning, however, 16th century spellings (e.g. Hallyende) make it clear that this is not the case; the name is apparently Middle or Early Modern English from 'hall' (hall) or 'hale' (nook, corner, stretch of alluvial land) + 'ende' (end).
For administrative purposes Hallen is a ward in the civil parish of Almondsbury, although it is some 5 miles from the village of Almondsbury. Historically it was in the large parish of Henbury, and was transferred to Almondsbury in 1935 when most of Henbury was absorbed into Bristol.
The Henbury Loop railway line passes the village to the south. When the line was opened in 1910 the village was served by Hallen Halt station, but the halt closed in 1915. The loop construction made a railway embankment along one side of the village. It was during the excavation that a natural water spring was blocked. This destroyed the watercress fields that used to be a major income for the village.
A large underground petroleum storage facility was built into the hillside behind the village during World War II, to provide protection from German bombing. The facility is still in use today.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Hallen was a popular stop off point for travellers making their way from the South West to the Aust Ferry, which would cross the River Severn to Wales. There were three inns in the village, one with its own brewery. The brewery structure is still visible today attached to the last remaining pub, The King William IV.
The village retains some old world charm in places (War Memorial and Oakhill Lane cottages), but has been bisected by the M5 motorway which has left it somewhat desolate.

## Sport and leisure

Hallen has a Non-League football club Hallen A.F.C. who play at The Hallen Centre.
# Hallen A.F.C.

Hallen Association Football Club is a non league football club based in Hallen, near Bristol, England. Affiliated to the Gloucestershire County FA, they are currently members of the Western League Division One and play at the Hallen Centre.

## History

The club was established in Lawrence Weston in 1949 under the name Lawrence Weston Athletic. They joined the Bristol & District Football League, later moving up to the Avon Premier Combination, which became the Bristol Premier Combination. In 1979 the club relocated to Hallen in order to meet the league's ground grading requirement and were renamed Lawrence Weston Hallen.
In 1982 Lawrence Weston Hallen gained promotion to the Gloucestershire County League. They were runners-up in 1987–88 and won the league the following season. In 1989–90 the club won the Gloucestershire Challenge Trophy, and at the end of the season the club adopted their current name. After winning both the Gloucestershire County League and the Gloucestershire Challenge Trophy in 1992–93, they were promoted to Division One of the Hellenic League. The club were Division One runners-up in 1996–97, earning promotion to the Premier Division.
In 2000 Hallen transferred to the Western League, dropping down a level into its Division One. However, they were Division One champions in 2003–04 and were promoted to the Premier Division. In 2009–10 the club won the league's Les Phillips Cup. They won the Gloucestershire Challenge Trophy for a third time in 2013–14. At the end of the 2020–21 season the club were transferred to the Premier Division of the Hellenic League. In 2021–22 they finished bottom of the Hellenic League Premier Division and were relegated to Division One of the Western League.

## Ground

The club initially played at Kingsweston House, a former army camp, with a disused Nissen hut turned into changing rooms. The ground was rented from Bristol City Council, who later installed changing rooms in the basement of the House. When the site was needed by Bristol College of Technology, the club were moved to St Bedes playing fields in Lawrence Weston.
The club moved to the Hallen Centre on Moorhouse Lane in 1979 in order to meet ground grading requirements. In the mid-1990s floodlights were erected and the 200-seat Frank Fairman Stand was built.

## Honours

* Hellenic League
** Division One champions 1996–97
* Western League
** Division One champions 2003–04
** Les Phillips Cup winners 2009–10
* Gloucestershire County League
** Champions 1988–89, 1992–93
* Gloucestershire Challenge Trophy
** Winners 1989–90, 1992–93, 2013–14
* Gloucestershire Junior Cup
** Winners 1968–69

## Records

* Best FA Cup performance: Fourth qualifying round, 2004–05
* Best FA Vase performance: Fifth round, 2000–01, 2013–14
* Record attendance: 1,756 vs Bristol City XI, 6 July 2019
# Halleluwah

Halleluwah is an Icelandic musical band fronted by singer and hip hop artist Sölvi Blöndal, a member of the famous band Quarashi. Blöndal formed Halleluwah finding success with "K2R" and "Whiplashes" they released the charting single "Blue Velvet" that features on lead vocals Raketa, real name Rakel Mjöll, who had been a vocalist in Útidúr and Sykur.

## Discography
### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions | Album |
| Year | Single | ISL | Album |
| 2013 | "Blue Velvet" (feat. Raketa) | 19 | |