OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Claude Ribbe

Claude Ribbe (born 13 October 1954) is a French writer, activist and filmmaker.

## Early life and education

Ribbe was born in Paris and is alumnus of the Ecole normale superieure.

## Career

Ribbe has specialised in the history of colonialism in the Caribbean. He has also been active in promoting civil rights in France for people of ethnic African and Caribbean origin.
Through his books and films, he has supported the recognition of figures such as Eugene Bullard, Chevalier de Saint-George, and Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, who was the first black man to be promoted to general in the French Army in 1793.
In his book Le Crime de Napoleon (2005), Ribbe accused Napoleon of having used sulphur dioxide gas for the mass execution of more than 100,000 rebellious black slaves when trying to put down slave rebellions in Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) and Guadeloupe. He said this was a model for Hitler's holocaust nearly 140 years later.

## Books

* Le Cri du Centaure (2001)
* Alexandre Dumas, le dragon de la Reine (2002)
* L'Expedition (2003)
* Le chevalier de Saint-George (2004)
* Une Saison en Irak (2005)
* Le Crime de Napoleon (2005)
* Les Nègres de la République (2007)
* Le Nègre vous emmerde (2008)
* Le Diable Noir (2008)
* Mémoires du Chevalier de Saint-George (2010)
* Eugene Bullard (2012)
* Une autre histoire (2016)

## Films

* Le Diable Noir (2009)
* The Legendary Chevalier de Saint-George (2011)
* Eugene Bullard (2013)
# Banking in Taiwan

Banking in Taiwan began in earnest during the Japanese colonial period however a number of traditional financial institutions were inherited from Taiwan’s diverse colonial and commercial past. Today Taiwan has a modern banking industry and an advanced financial industry.

## History

Traditional banking in Taiwan was limited to traditional financial institutions. These institutions included silver associations, merchant houses, and remittance houses.
Western style banking was introduced to Taiwan in 1895 by the Japanese colonial authorities. The first modern bank in Taiwan was founded by Osaka Chung Li Bank, the predecessor to Sanwa Bank. In 1896 the Bank of Japan established a branch in Taiwan. In 1897 the Japanese Parliament passed the Taiwanese Banking Law which authorized the creation of the Bank of Taiwan. In 1899 the Bank of Taiwan was authorized to print currency and to serve as the local central bank. By 1908 there were eight western style banks operating in Taiwan.
During the Japanese colonial period these banks did not operate in suburban areas or the country side and for this reason a number of agricultural and fisheries related credit cooperatives societies sprung up at the fringes of the banking industry.
The colonial authorities used the banks to carry out Japanese government policy and to support the militarization of Japan. By 1945 there were 7 major banks operating in Taiwan as well as two major Japanese banks.
In the 1980s the Taiwan Miracle caused foreign cash to flow into Taiwanese banks which created major issues for the sector. In the late 1980s the money supply in Taiwan was expanding at 44% a year, this meant that while Taiwanese families and businesses were highly incentivized to save, there simply were not enough investments available in Taiwan to satisfy all the possible investors. This led the government to liberalize capital controls and allow businesses and individuals to habitually move money outside of the country. At the height of the crisis some banks were turning down large deposits as they could not conceivably lend or invest all the funds.
Liberalization following the cash oversupply crisis allowed an independent Taiwanese financial industry to emerge and existing banks to internationalize.

## Central bank

The Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) has very little independence as it is primarily adherent to current government policy. Its primary concern is the stability of the New Taiwanese Dollar as instability could upset Taiwan's export dominated economy.

## Foreign debt holdings

Top 10 according to the Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) :
| Rank | Country | Debt held (in billions of USD) |
| 1 | United States | 84.36 |
| 2 | China | 46.13 |
| 3 | Hong Kong | 37.04 |
| 4 | Luxembourg | 32.02 |
| 5 | Japan | 31.32 |
| 6 | Australia | 22.64 |
| 7 | Cayman Islands | 18.76 |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 18.61 |
| 9 | Singapore | 16.24 |
| 10 | British West Indies | 12.38 |
# Atlantis: Three Tales

Atlantis: Three Tales is a 1995 collection of three stories by Samuel R. Delany. The stories are "Atlantis: Model 1924", "Eric, Gwen, and D. H. Lawrence's Esthetic of Unrectified Feeling", and "Citre et Trans". The first edition, published by the Seattle small press Incunabula, also included a "Microflorilegium", a selection of excerpts from the author’s correspondence and a thematic outline of the opening novella. Incunabula also produced the later Wesleyan University Press edition; both editions were edited by Ron Drummond and designed by John D. Berry.
All three stories center around characters named "Sam." The first Sam appears to be based on Delany's father, Samuel R. Delany Sr., while the other two appear to be based on Delany himself. The title story also includes characters based on Delany's aunts, Sadie Delany and Bessie Delany, and incorporates fictionalized Delany family stories about them that are not included in the Delany Sisters' bestselling book Having Our Say.

## Contents

* "Atlantis: Model 1924"
* "Erik, Gwen, and D.H. Lawrence’s Esthetic of Unrectified Feeling"
* "Citre et Trans"
* "Microflorilegium" (in the limited edition only)

## Sources

* Brown, Charles N.; William G. Contento. "The Locus Index to Science Fiction (1984-1998)". Archived from the original on 13 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
# New Music Awards

The New Music Awards are honors given annually in music to both recording artists and radio stations by New Music Weekly magazine, a publication encompassing music charts within the music industry. The New Music Award show has been held annually since 2003.

## Categories

The New Music Awards honors artists/bands, radio programmers, radio stations and the "behind the scene" music industry folks which include radio promotion, publicity/PR, and record labels. The winners of New Music Awards are selected from the nominated lists of finalists by radio personnel, music industry executives, and industry panelists.
The New Music Awards are divided into five categories: Top 40/CHR, AC, Country, Crossover Artist/Band and PR Firm.
# Leeds (Province of Canada electoral district)

Leeds was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in the eastern area of Canada West (now Ontario). Leeds was created in 1841, upon the establishment of the Province of Canada by the union of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. It was based on Leeds County, located on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River.
Leeds was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Ontario.

## Boundaries

Leeds electoral district was based on Leeds County (now included in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville). It was located in the eastern area of Canada West, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River. Brockville was the major centre for the riding, although it was a separate electoral district.
The Union Act, 1840 had merged the two provinces of Upper Canada and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada, with a single Parliament. The separate parliaments of Lower Canada and Upper Canada were abolished. The Union Act provided that the pre-existing electoral boundaries of Upper Canada would continue to be used in the new Parliament, unless altered by the Union Act itself.
Leeds County had been an electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada. The general outline of the boundaries was not altered by the Act. The boundaries had originally been set by a proclamation of the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, John Graves Simcoe, in 1792:
The boundaries had been further defined by a statute of Upper Canada in 1798:
Since Leeds was not changed by the Union Act, those boundaries continued to be used for the new electoral district, with one significant change: the Union Act provided that the town of Brockville would be a separate electoral district. Brockville therefore ceased to be included in Leeds electoral district.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

Leeds was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly. The following were the members for Leeds.
| Parliament | Years | Member | Member | Party |
| 1st Parliament 1841–1844 | 1841–1844 | James Morris | | Unionist; Reform |

## Abolition

The electoral district was abolished on July 1, 1867, when the British North America Act, 1867 came into force, creating Canada and splitting the Province of Canada into Quebec and Ontario. It was succeeded by electoral districts Leeds North and Grenville North, and Leeds South, in both the House of Commons of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of Ontario.
# Garra palaruvica

Garra palaruvica is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Garra which is found in the Kallada River basin, Kerala, India.
# Holzhäusern

Holzhäusern is a village in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.
It was first recorded in year 1397 as Holtzhusern.
Holzhäusern is located in the former municipality Bissegg. In 1995 Bissegg municipality merged with its neighbor to form a new and larger municipality Amlikon-Bissegg.
# Balthasar Seña

Balthasar Seña (c. 1590 at Barcelona, Spain – 19 July 1614 at Guarambare, Paraguay) was a Spanish Jesuit missionary and linguist in South America.

## Life

He entered the Jesuit novitiate at Tarragona, Aragon, in 1608. Before completing his studies he volunteered for the Guarani missions of Paraguay, and sailed from Lisbon in company with the veteran missionary, Juan Romero, in 1610, continuing his studies on the voyage.
The rest of his life was spent at the Guarani mission town of Guarambare or with the Itatines, whose language he studied and reduced to dictionary form. He defended them against slave-dealers, and declined an offered preferment at Santa Fe in order to remain with his mission work.
Attending the sick throughout a contagious epidemic, he himself fell ill and died. His remains were afterwards taken up and reinterred at the Jesuit college at Asuncion.
# Gorky Anisimov

Gorky Anisimov (born in 1874, Chardym, Saratov Oblast, Russian Empire – died on 10 December 1937, Saratov, USSR) was a Russian Greek-Catholic priest.

## Biography

Gorky Anisimov was born in 1874 in the village of Chardym, Saratov province into a peasant family. He graduated from the three-class school in Saratov, and converted to Catholicism from Orthodoxy more late. In 1922 on the advice of Vladimir Abrikosov he was ordained in Petrograd by Archbishop Jan Cieplak a priest of the Byzantine rite. He lived with his family in Saratov, worked as an accountant. In 1928 and 1929 met in Moscow with Bishop Pius Neve, received money from him to transfer convicted priests. On 14 April 1931 Anisimov was arrested in Saratov on charges of anti-Soviet propaganda. During the investigation, the charge of "anti-Soviet agitation" was not proved, and on December 16 the same year was released. In 1934 he retired and continued to perform secret religious services in his apartment. Arrested again at the end of 1937 in Saratov, Anisimov was accused of belonging to the German intelligence agencies and anti-Soviet agitation defeatist character. On December 8 he was sentenced to capital punishment, and on 10 December 1937 Anisimov was shot in the Saratov prison.
# 21st Congress

21st Congress may refer to:
* 21st Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1959)
* 21st Nur Otan Extraordinary Congress (2022)
* 21st United States Congress (1829–1831)
# Dwellers in the Mirage

Dwellers in the Mirage is a fantasy novel by American writer A. Merritt. It was first published in book form in 1932 by Horace Liveright. The novel was originally serialized in six parts in the magazine Argosy beginning with the January 23, 1932 issue.

## Plot introduction

The novel concerns American Leif Langdon who discovers a warm valley in Alaska. Two races inhabit the valley, the Little People and a branch of an ancient Mongolian race; they worship the evil Kraken named Khalk'ru which they summon from another dimension to offer human sacrifice. The inhabitants recognize Langdon as the reincarnation of their long dead hero, Dwayanu. Dwayanu's spirit possesses Langdon and starts a war with the Little People. Langdon eventually fights off the presence of Dwayanu and destroys the Kraken.
There are variant endings of the work. In the original, Leif's love dies, but the publisher inartistically has her survive. The original tragic ending has been reinstated in some recent reprints.

## Reception

Anthony Boucher and J. Francis McComas described Dwellers in the Mirage as attractive to "those who love wild adventure even when shallowly written."
# Leeds (1805 ship)

Leeds was launched in Quebec in 1805 and transferred her registry to the United Kingdom that year. She may have been captured in 1809, but if so, she returned to British ownership. She was last listed in 1816.

## Career

Leeds first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1806.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1806 | J.Hutchins | London | London–Quebec | LR |
| 1807 | Hutchin C.Smith | London Hobbs & Co. | London–Quebec London–Baltic | LR |
On 16 November 1807 Leeds was returning to London from Petersburg when she got on shore on the Middle Ground. HMS Quail and boats from Vanguard were able to get Leeds off after she had been stuck for 36 hours.
Lloyds List (LL) reported that on 29 December 1809, that a French privateer had captured Leeds, Smith, master, as Leeds was sailing from Rio Janeiro to Malta. The privateer, pierced for 12 guns but mounting five, and 120 men, carried her prize to Algiers.
However, on 2 November 1810 LL reported that Leeds, Smith, master, from Rio de Janeiro, had gone on shore at Liverpool on 30 October. It was feared that the cargo had suffered material damage. It is currently not clear whether earlier report of a capture was incorrect, or whether Leeds had come into British hands by recapture or ransom.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1811 | G.Smith | Hobbs & Co. | Liverpool–Brazil | LR |
| 1812 | G.Smith | Hobbs & Co. | Liverpool–Malta | LR |
| 1816 | G.Smith | Hobbs & Co. | Liverpool–Malta | LR |

## Fate

Leeds was last listed in 1816.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 Library and Archives Canada, Ship Registrations 1787-1966, Item: 39181: LEEDS.
* 1 2 LR (1806), Supple. pages "L", Seq.No.L11.
* 1 2 Marcil (1995), p. 368.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 4269. 8 December 1807.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 4441. 16 March 1810.
* ↑ "The Marine List". Lloyd's List. No. 4507. 2 November 1810.
# Garfagnina

The Garfagnina is a cattle breed from Tuscany in central Italy. It is one of the 16 minor Italian cattle breeds of limited diffusion recognised and protected by the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture.
# List of constituencies of Malawi

Constituencies of Malawi are used to elect members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the Malawi Parliament. There are over 193 constituencies, based on a formula where these constituencies were to be delineated based on population numbers. Each constituency returns one MP.

## Northern Region

Sources
* Chitipa North
* Chitipa South
* Karonga Central
* Karonga North
* Mzimba North West Constituency
* Mzimba North East Constituency
* Karonga Northwest
* Karonga South
* Likoma
* Mzimba East
* Mzimba North
* Mzimba South
* Mzimba West
* Mzimba Luwelezi Constituency
* Mzimba South West Constituency
* Mzimba South East Constituency
* Nkhata Bay Central
* Nkhata Bay North
* Nkhata Bay Northeast
* Nkhata Bay South
* Nkhata Bay West
* Rumphi Central
* Rumphi East
* Rumphi North
* Rumphi West

## Central Region

Sources
* Dedza Central
* Dedza East
* Dedza North
* Dedza Northeast
* Dedza South
* Dedza West
* Dowa Central
* Dowa East
* Dowa North
* Dowa Northeast
* Dowa South
* Kasungu Central
* Kasungu East
* Kasungu North
* Kasungu Northeast
* Kasungu South
* Kasungu West
* Lilongwe Central
* Lilongwe East
* Lilongwe North

## Southern Region

Sources
* Balaka Central
* Balaka East
* Balaka North
* Balaka South
* Blantyre Bangwe
* Blantyre Kabula
* Blantyre Malabada
* Blantyre North
* Blantyre Northeast
* Blantyre South
* Blantyre Southeast
* Blantyre West
* Chikwawa Central
* Chikwawa East
* Chikwawa North
* Chikwawa South
* Chiradzulu Central
* Chiradzulu East
* Chiradzulu North
* Chiradzulu South
# Class 34

The DRG Class 34 refers to:
# Balthasar Regis

Balthasar Regis (died 1757) was a Canon of Windsor from 1751 to 1757.

## Family

He was born in the province of Dauphiné, and fled France with his father following persecution for his Reformed faith.

## Career

He was incorporated Bachelor of Divinity in Cambridge in 1717, from Trinity College, Dublin. He subscribed for Doctor of Divinity in 1721.
He was Rector of Holy Innocents Church, Adisham, Kent from 1715 - 1757, and Rector of Little Mongeham from 1719 - 1757. He was appointed Chaplain to the King in 1727, a position he held until his death. He was appointed to the first stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1751.
He was buried in the chapel in 1757.
# Gorky Park (Minsk)

Gorky Park (Парк Горкага, Цэнтральны дзіцячы парк імя Максіма Горкага, Maksim Gorky Central Children's Park) is a public park in Minsk, Belarus.
It is located near the Victory Square and the Yanka Kupala Park.
The park was established in 1800 under the name Governor's Garden. During the Soviet times it was renamed "парк культуры і адпачынку імя Максіма Горкага" (Park of culture and recreation after A.M. Gorky) after the famous Russian/Soviet writer Maksim Gorky. Parks with this name have been established in many cities of the Soviet Union.
A part of the park's territory is occupied by an amusement park with a 56-meter-high (184 ft) Ferris wheel. It also has an educational observatory with planetarium.
The Ice Palace (indoor skating rink) is also located in Gorky Park. President Lukashenko, known for his hobby of ice hockey, frequents this place, at which times the access to this part of the park is closed for general public.
# Dweller on the Threshold (song)

"Dweller on the Threshold" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and first released on his 1982 album Beautiful Vision. It was released as a single on the B-Side in 1982 with the instrumental "Scandinavia" as the "A" side. Another release in 1984 had a live version of "Dweller on the Threshold" as the A-Side.

## Recording and composition

The song was recorded for the album on the Beautiful Visions sessions in summer 1981 at the Record Plant Studios in Sausalito, California.
The lyrics on this song and part of "Aryan Mist" were inspired by the 1950 publication Glamour —A World Problem by Alice Bailey and the Tibetan master Djwal Khul, as described in Van Morrison's liner notes for the album. According to the teachings of Bailey, there are a series of what she calls "glamours" which are mental illusions creating a fog that veils the spiritual wanderer from seeing the world as it truly is. He becomes illuminated as a "dweller on the threshold" when the "Angel of Presence" purifies the soul with light. This song was co-written with Morrison's engineer Hugh Murphy.

## Other releases

A live version of this song was performed on the Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast album recorded when Morrison appeared in concert on 11 and 12 March 1983. "Dweller on the Threshold" was one of the hit songs that was featured on Morrison's first ever "Best of" album, The Best of Van Morrison, which was released by Polydor in 1990. It is one of the songs remastered and included on Morrison's third compilation album for 2007, Still on Top - The Greatest Hits. It is featured on both the two disc set released in the UK on 22 October 2007, and as one of the twenty-one hits on the single disc released on 6 November 2007, in the US and Canada.

## Personnel

* Van Morrison – vocals
* Tom Donlinger – drums
* Pee Wee Ellis – tenor saxophone
* Chris Hayes – guitar
* David Hayes – bass guitar
* Mark Isham – trumpet
* Pauline Lozano – backing vocals
* Chris Michie – guitar
* Annie Stocking – backing vocals
* Bianca Thornton – backing vocals
# .Z

.Z and .z are filename extensions and may refer to the output of:
* compress (software) (.Z)
* pack (software) (.z)
# Dynamic Manta

Dynamic Manta, formerly Proud Manta and Noble Manta, is an annual military exercise held by NATO that "aimed at testing submarine warfare and anti-submarine warfare capabilities. It provides a framework for naval forces to maintain high readiness and ability to operate together." It takes place primarily in the Mediterranean Sea and has been held since approximately 2006.

## Dynamic Manta 2021

Dynamic Manta 2021 Participating Forces :
| French Navy | Charles de Gaulle Languedoc Provence Chevalier Paul Tanker Var |
| Hellenic Navy | Kountouriotis Kanaris |
| Italian Navy | Virginio Fasan Carlo Margottini |
| Spanish Navy | Cristóbal Colón |
| Belgian Navy | Leopold I |
| Turkish Navy | Turkish Kemalreis |
| United States Navy | USS Porter USS Los Angeles |
# Lee sisters

The Lee sisters (Ernestine, Ruth Elaine, Sandra, Brenda, Peggy Jane, Joan and Susan Lee) are American civil rights activists who inspired the desegregation movement in Memphis in the 1960s.

## Early life and activism

The Lee sisters (Ernestine, Ruth Elaine, Sandra, Brenda, Peggy Jane, Joan and Susan) are the seven daughters of Robert and Alversa Williams Lee. Their mother's father, Dennis Williams, was born into slavery in Lauderdale County, Tennessee. At the time, Memphis was segregated, and young people were losing.
The eldest sister, Ernestine, attended LeMoyne–Owen College, and became involved with social justice whilst still a junior at high school. She was first arrested in 1960, when she joined friends from college to visit white-only libraries. For the following six years, the Lee sisters became more involved with the civil rights movement. Ernestine and the other Lee sisters organised several sit-ins in white-only libraries, lunch-counters and theatres. It has been said that their dedication inspired the desegregation movement in Memphis, Tennessee. They attended several marches, including the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the Selma to Montgomery marches and the March Against Fear. In 1965, Jet magazine reported that members of the Lee family had been arrested seventeen times in the fight for racial justice; making them America's most arrested family. That year they were honored by the NAACP. (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Elaine also studied at LeMoyne–Owen College, and after graduating in 1966 became a teacher. She became concerned that African-American children growing up in Memphis were not aware of their Elaine and Joan established Heritage Tours in 1983, an organisation who arrange tours centred on the history of the civil rights movement. Heritage Tours was the first African-American owned tour company in Tennessee. Together Elaine and Joan erected a monument to the African slaves who died between1852 and 1865. They founded the Slave Haven Underground Railroad Museum, which teaches people in Memphis about Black history. They were involved with establishing the Ida B. Wells Society. Peggy Jane trained in law and worked as an attorney in Memphis.

## Recognition and honours

In 2017 the African American Museum of Memphis erected a historical marker to honour the efforts of the Lee sisters. When asked about her involvement, Elaine said “I felt that we had a certain amount of power because we were on the side of right,”. The sisters were included the Memphis Women's Legacy Trail.
The Lee sisters are the aunts of Danielle N. Lee, a biology professor and science communicator at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville.