OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arnold Christopher von Waldow

Arnold Christoph von Waldow (1672–1743) was Lord of the Manor on Hammer and Költschen, Lieutenant General, Governor of Breslau and Knight of the Black Eagle. Born on 15 April 1672 in Stolzenfelde, Neumark, he was the son of the Brandenburg Captain Christian Sigismund von Waldow (1650–1707) and Katharina von Sydow (1651–1702). His brother Friedrich Siegmund von Waldow (1682–1743) was a Prussian general.

## Life

He first studied 1690 in Frankfurt an der Oder and then went in 1694 into the Prussian Army in the Cuirassiers and was promoted to lieutenant on 5 December 1702. Severely wounded at Höchstädt he had to resign. He then moved in 1704 to join Mecklenburg forces. In 1709 he fought in the Battle of Malplaquet and in 1715 he was involved in the siege of Stralsund, as well as the landing on Rügen.
By 1719 he was a colonel in a cavalry regiment in the battle of Walsmühlen where he was slightly injured. Between 1723 he went to 1728 to his estates, but then again served in the Prussian Army as head of the cuirassiers No. 12 (Winterfeld). On 26 July 1731 he became Major General and Drost (bailiff) of Orsoy. He enjoyed the special confidence of King William I, whom he accompanied in 1738 on the royal trip to Holland. In 1740, he was lieutenant general and on 19 July 1741 was made Knight of the Black Eagle.
On 17 May 1742 he commanded the left wing in the Battle of Chotusitz, where he received a severe injury to the head. He died at Breslau, where he was governor, as a result of the injuries obtained at Chotusitz. He was buried there in the Church of the Eleven Thousand Virgins.

## Family

He was married to Elisabeth of Parsenow (died 31 August 1744). His son Karl Ludwig (1721–1754 in Meichen) was married to Henriette Albertine of Trenck (1728–1760), the sister of the famous Friedrich von der Trenck. His daughter Katharina Charlotte (1710 – 21 February 1769) married in 1738 Ludwig Ewald von Rohr (1711?).
* Schloss Königswalde, Neumark, in 1860, by Alexander Duncker
* Dannenwalde Manor
* Schloss Gleissen in 1860, by Alexander Duncker.
* House at Merenthin im 1860, by Alexander Duncker.
# Glaser-Dirks DG-200

The Glaser-Dirks DG-200 is a 15 metre class glider built by Glaser-Dirks, now DG Aviation GmbH
Design started in 1976, and it first flew in 1977.
Wingtip extensions to 17 metres were offered in 1978. Later enhancements included a single-piece canopy, a carbon-fibre wing spar and a change in the wing profile. A total of 192 DG-200 were built.
The glider design includes:
* a two-piece conventional elevator, with a fixed forward stabilizer and aft-mounted movable elevator
* a control stick with a parallelogram linkage to reduce pilot-induced oscillations
* Schempp-Hirth airbrakes on top surface only
* a 5"x5" main wheel (drum brake) and a 200x50 tail wheel
* l'Hottelier connection for the ailerons, airbrakes and elevator (elevator connection is automatic on the DG-202). Flaps connection is automatic.
According to Dick Johnson in his Flight Test Evaluation of the DG-200 published in the Soaring Magazine in July 1980:
"The sailplane is a real beauty to behold with its excellent finish and sleek pointed nose. The canopy is exceptionally good, and it provides outstanding forward visibility for the pilot. The cockpit is outstandingly good for moderately sized pilots; I have never flown a sailplane that was more comfortable. I flew several 5 and 6-hour flights in the DG-200 with no discomfort whatsoever."
The DG-400 motor glider was derived from the DG-202/17C.
It belongs to the same generation as the Rolladen-Schneider LS3, Alexander Schleicher ASW 20, Schempp-Hirth Mini-Nimbus, Eiri-Avion PIK-20 and Glasflügel Mosquito.

## Variants
### DG-200

    The original production model

### DG-202

    Improved model with large one-piece canopy replacing the split type of the DG-200 and other refinements highlighted by customer feedback and flight testing.

### DG-200/17

    The DG-200 with optional wingtip extensions to 17m span

### DG-202/17

    The DG-202 with optional wingtip extensions to 17m span

### DG-202/17C

    The DG-202 with optional wingtip extensions to 17m span and carbon fibre spars

## Specifications (DG-200 15m)

Data from Flight manual.
General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Capacity: 130 kg (290 lb) water ballast
* Length: 7.00 m (23 ft 0 in)
* Wingspan: 15.00 m (49 ft 3 in)
* Wing area: 10.0 m$^2$ (107.6 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 22.5
* Empty weight: 240 kg (529 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 450 kg (992 lb)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 270 km/h (168 mph, 146 kn)
* Stall speed: 62 km/h (39 mph, 33 kn) at 31 kg/m$^2$ wing loading
* g limits: +5,3 -2,65 at manoeuvre speed
* Maximum glide ratio: 42 at 110 km/h
* Rate of sink: 0.55 m/s (116 ft/min) at 72 km/h & 31 kg/m$^2$
* Wing loading: 31–45 kg/m$^2$ (6.3–9.2 lb/sq ft)
# Glasehausen

Glasehausen is a village and a former municipality in the district of Eichsfeld in Thuringia, Germany. On 1 January 2024 it became part of the town Heilbad Heiligenstadt.
# Elenchus of Biblica

The Elenchus of Biblica was an annual bibliography listing of writings in a given year relating to Biblical studies published by the Pontifical Biblical Institute. It was split off from Biblica in 1969 as Elenchus Bibliographicus Biblicus, obtaining its final name in 1986. Publication was suspended after the 2011 volume.
# Novo Selo, Bjelovar-Bilogora County

Novo Selo is a village in Croatia. The etymology of the village comes from Slavic languages meaning new village, Novo Selo.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 47.
# Elhamma

Elhamma is a genus of moths of the family Hepialidae. There are four described species found in Australia and New Guinea.

## Species

* Elhamma australasiae - Australia
* Elhamma diakonoffi - New Guinea
* Elhamma roepkei - New Guinea
* Elhamma toxopeusi - New Guinea
# Giovanni Maria Viani

Giovanni Maria Viani (1636–1700) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active in Bologna.

## Biography

Along with Lorenzo Pasinelli, he trained under Flaminio Torre. Among Giovanni's pupils was his son, Domenico (1668–1711), Giovanni Girolamo Bonesi, and Odoardo Perini. Another pupil was Pier Francesco Cavazza. He directed a school at Bologna rivaling that of Carlo Cignani. He painted many pictures for the public buildings of Bologna, among them an Annunciation in San Giuseppe (Sposo) ; and at the Basilica of the Servi, he painted a Glory of St Filippo Benizi and the Coronation of the Virgin.
Among his etchings are:
* Christ crowned with Thorns & St Francis with Infant Jesus in his arms after Annibale Carracci
* Dido and War after Ludovico Carracci.
# Arta Bajrami

Arta Bajrami (born 9 January 1980) is a Kosovo singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Pristina, she has been referred to as the "Albanian Queen of R&B" and is noted for her versatility in music and performance. She is ethnically Albanian.

## Life and career

Bajrami was born on 9 January 1980 into an Albanian family in the city of Pristina, then part of the Yugoslavia, present Kosovo. She is popular among the young Albanian audience in Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro and North Macedonia. She has had the fortune of winning several music prizes in various Albanian music contests. She got married in 2009.
Bajrami grew up in a family where music was just as important as the daily food (Arta's father Zejnullah Bajrami was a famous Kosovar rapsode). In a family of four, Arta's mother is the only member without a professional music background. Bajrami's younger brother Artan, known as Don Arbas in showbusiness, is an Albanian songwriter and producer. He runs Arbasound, a company known for producing many great songs by Albanian performers.
# Elia

Elia is a name which may be a variant of the names Elias, Elijah, Eli or Eliahu, and may refer to:

## People

* Aelia (gens) or Elia, a gens of Ancient Rome

### Mononymic

* Elia or Elijah, a biblical prophet
* Elia, a pen-name of Charles Lamb

### Given name

* Elia Abu Madi, (1890–1957), Lebanese poet
* Elia Barceló (born 1957), Spanish writer
* Elia Goode Byington (1858–1936), American journalist
* Elia Cmíral (born 1950), Czech film composer
* Elia Dalla Costa (1872–1961), Italian cardinal and Archbishop of Florence
* Elia del Medigo (1458–1493), Greek rabbi
* Elia Favilli (born 1989), Italian cyclist
* Elia Frosio (1913–2005), Italian cyclist
* Elia Galera (born 1973), Spanish actress
* Elia Kaiyamo (born 1951), Namibian politician
* Elia Kazan (1909–2003), American director and producer
* Elia Legati (born 1986), Italian football player
* Elia Levita (1469–1549), German Hebrew scholar
* Elia Liut (1894–1952), Italian aviator
* Elia Luini (born 1979), Italian rower
* Elia Millosevich (1848–1919), Italian astronomer
* Elia W. Peattie (1862–1935), American journalist
* Elia Peraizza (died 1685), Venetian military leader
* Elia Ravelomanantsoa (born 1960), Malagasy politician
* Elia Rigotto (born 1982), Italian cyclist
* Elia Soriano (born 1989), German football player
* Elia Suleiman (born 1960), Palestinian director
* Elia Viviani (born 1989), Italian cyclist
* Elia Zenghelis (born 1937), Greek architect

### Surname

* Alessandro Elia (born 1990), Italian footballer
* Antonella Elia (born 1963), Italian actress
* Bruce Elia (born 1953), American football player
* Eljero Elia (born 1987), Dutch footballer
* Jon Elia (1931–2002), Pakistani poet
* Lee Elia (born 1937), American baseball player and coach
* Leopoldo Elia (1925–2008), Italian politician
* Meschak Elia (born 1997), Congolese footballer
* Sapphire Elia (born 1987), British actress

## Places

* Elia, a historical and alternative name for the Jane and Finch neighbourhood of Toronto, Canada
* Elia, Kyrenia, Cyprus
* Elia, Nicosia, Cyprus
* Elia, Mykonos, Greece
* Elia (Nikiti), Sithonia, Greece
* Elia Island, river island in Guinea-Bissau

## Other uses

* European League of Institutes of the Arts (ELIA), an organization of art schools
* Elia (sculpture), a prominent public artwork in Denmark
* Elia System Operator, an electric power transmission system operator of Belgium
* Olive Tree (Greece), a political movement
* European Language Industry Association (ELIA); see language industry
* Elia (gastropod), a genus of gastropods in the family Clausiliidae
# Gladys Peto

Gladys Emma Peto (19 June 1890 – 21 May 1977) was an English artist, fashion designer, illustrator and writer of children's books.

## Early life and education

Peto was born on 19 June 1890 in Cookham, the only daughter of William Peto and Mary Jane, née Reeves, of Cannon Court Farm, Maidenhead.
She attended Maidenhead High School, then Harvington College in Ealing. She later went on to study at the Maidenhead School of Arts in 1908, and London's School of Art in 1911. She undertook a design course at the John Hassall Correspondence school in 1918.

## Career

Peto created drawings for "The letters of Phrynette" in The Sketch. This was similar to the series "Letters of Eve" in The Tatler. The latter was illustrated by Annie Fish and there was a court case.
Her family was not especially artistic. As a girl in Maidenhead, she would go out "in her father's trap" and notice interesting people along the way. She would get home and sketch them.
She moved with her husband, who had retired from the Army, to Northern Ireland in 1939 and retired from commercial art in 1946. She devoted her remaining years to painting landscapes in watercolors and to drawing and cultivating flowers. She suffered a stroke in 1970 that paralyzed her right, and dominant, hand, but continued to draw, paint and write with her left hand.
In the 1930s, it was the "in" thing to wear a Peto dress. Peto's advertising illustrations for Allen and Hanbury's infant formula, Ovaltine and many other products were featured in magazines and posters.
In 1922, she married Dr Cuthbert Lindsay Emmerson of the Royal Army Medical Corps, and she traveled with him to Malta, Cyprus and Egypt. He retired in 1946 as a Colonel and died in 1977. She died in the same year on 21 May 1977 at Roe Valley Hospital in Limavady, Northern Ireland. The funeral service was held on 25 May 1977 at Bovevagh Parish Church, County Londonderry, followed by interment in the churchyard.
# List of Deutsche Bahn station codes

Deutsche Bahn and its predecessors Deutsche Bundesbahn, Deutsche Reichsbahn and Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft use a system of letters to denote a station on their network. The station code used today is colloquially called the DS 100 code, named after the original papers of the Deutsche Bundesbahn laying out the system, the DS 100, Abkürzungen der Betriebsstellen; nowadays called Richtlinie (Ril) 100, Abkürzungen für Örtlichkeiten. Every code specifies abbreviation, name and type of the station.

## Description of the code

The code is set up as follows:
* X YYYY Z
where X denotes the Bundesbahndirektion (BD) in West Germany or Reichsbahndirektion (Rbd) in East Germany and prior to 1949, and YYYY is the code of the station itself, which can be up to four letters. Together with the Direktionen letter (X or Z) the first letter is also the country code for foreign destinations (see below). Although some of the Direktionen have been merged into others, changed, or otherwise remodeled, their old codes remained in place. For example, most of the Northern areas of Germany still have the BD code A for Altona (now a part of Hamburg), even though the BD Altona has long been out of existence. Further information can be added by an extra letter Z after the station identifier, for example HB is the code for Bremen Hauptbahnhof, (BD Hanover (H), station code B) whilst HB X is the code for the Bremen maintenance works, which are considered a subdivision of Bremen Hauptbahnhof and hence do not have their own code. Special codes are also used to identify border points, special tariff points for ships et cetera.

## Listing of BD/Rbd codes

* A – Altona (Hamburg)
* B – Berlin
* D – Dresden
* E – Essen
* F – Frankfurt
* H – Hannover
* K – Köln
* L – Halle (Saale)
* M – München
* N – Nürnberg
* R – Karlsruhe
* S – Saarbrücken
* T – Stuttgart
* U – Erfurt
* W – Schwerin
* X – see #Country codes (X)
* Z – see #Country codes (Z)
Letters C, G, I, J, O, P, Q, V and Y are assigned for facilities of DB Energie (e.g. filling stations) and DB Netz (e.g. changes of VzG lines) or other foreign locations for planning purposes.

### Country codes (X)

These codes were assigned to international destinations west of Germany, but are used for eastern European destinations too.
* XA – Austria
* XB – Belgium
* XC – Russia
* XD – Denmark
* XE – Spain
* XF – France
* XG – Greece
* XH – Finland
* XI – Italy
* XJ – Serbia
* XK – United Kingdom
* XL – Luxembourg
* XM – Hungary
* XN – Netherlands
* XO – Norway
* XP – Poland
* XQ – Turkey
* XR – Croatia
* XS – Switzerland
* XT – Czech Republic
* XU – Romania
* XV – Sweden
* XW – Bulgaria
* XX – Portugal
* XY – Slovakia
* XZ – Slovenia

### Country codes (Z)

These codes were assigned for international destinations east of Germany.
* ZA – Macedonia
* ZB – Bosnia and Herzegovina
* ZE – Estonia
* ZI – Ireland
* ZK – Kazakhstan
* ZL – Lithuania
* ZM – Moldova
* ZT – Latvia
* ZU – Ukraine
* ZW – Belarus

## List of station codes

* Please refer Deutsche Bahn AG: Übersicht der Betriebsstellen und deren Abkürzungen aus der Richtlinie 100 (PDF, 769 KB, status: August 2015)
# Gadolinium diiodide

Gadolinium diiodide is an inorganic compound, with the chemical formula of GdI$_2$. It is an electride, with the ionic formula of Gd$^{3+}$(I$^−$)$_2$e$^−$, and therefore not a true gadolinium(II) compound. It is ferromagnetic at 276 K with a saturation magnetization of 7.3 B; it exhibits a large negative magnetoresistance (~70%) at 7 T near room temperature. It can be obtained by reacting gadolinium and gadolinium(III) iodide at a high temperature:
    Gd + 2 GdI$_3$ → 3 GdI$_2$
It can react with hydrogen at high temperature (800 °C) to obtain gadolinium hydrogen iodide (GdI$_2$H$_{0.97}$).
# Boxing at the 2002 Asian Games – Men's 75 kg

The men's middleweight (75 kilograms) event at the 2002 Asian Games took place from 5 to 13 October 2002 at Masan Gymnasium, Masan, South Korea.

## Schedule

All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Saturday, 5 October 2002 | 14:00 | Preliminary |
| Wednesday, 9 October 2002 | 14:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Saturday, 12 October 2002 | 14:00 | Semifinals |
| Sunday, 13 October 2002 | 14:00 | Final |

## Results
### Legend

* KO — Won by knockout
* RSC — Won by referee stop contest
* RSCO — Won by referee stop contest outclassed
| Preliminary | Preliminary | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Ahmed Ali Khan (PAK) | KO | | | | |
| | | Maraon Golez (PHI) | | | | | |
| | | | | Ahmed Ali Khan (PAK) | RSCO | | |
| | | | | Moon Young-seung (KOR) | | | |
| | | Khishigbaataryn Mandakhbayar (MGL) | | | | | |
| | | Moon Young-seung (KOR) | RSCO | | | | |
| | | | | | | Ahmed Ali Khan (PAK) | |
| Jitender Kumar (IND) | 21 | | | | | Utkirbek Haydarov (UZB) | RSCO |
| Ismael Faiala (PLE) | 7 | Jitender Kumar (IND) | 7 | | | | |
| Choi Il-ryong (PRK) | | Baurzhan Kairmenov (KAZ) | 28 | | | | |
| Baurzhan Kairmenov (KAZ) | RSCO | | | Baurzhan Kairmenov (KAZ) | 18 | | |
| Utkirbek Haydarov (UZB) | RSC | | | Utkirbek Haydarov (UZB) | 36 | | |
| Abudoureheman (CHN) | | Utkirbek Haydarov (UZB) | RSCO | | | | |
| Somchai Chimlun (THA) | RSCO | Somchai Chimlun (THA) | | | | | |
| Md Nabab Ali (BAN) | | | | | | | |
# Melanistic mask

A melanistic mask (also referred to as a mask or masking) is a dog coat pattern that gives the appearance of a mask on the dog's face. The hairs on the muzzle, and sometimes entire face or ears, are colored by eumelanin instead of pheomelanin pigment. Eumelanin is typically black, but may instead be brown, dark gray, or light gray-brown. Pheomelanin ranges in color from pale cream to mahogany. The trait is caused by M264V (E$^M$), a completely dominant allele (form) of the melanocortin 1 receptor gene.

## Appearance

At minimum, a melanistic mask will appear on the muzzle, and may also be visible on the eartips, entire ears, or entire face. Hairs in those areas will be colored by eumelanin instead of pheomelanin pigment, making it look as though the dog has a mask on its face. Eumelanin is usually black, but may instead be liver (also known as chocolate; dark brown), blue (also known as slate; dark grey), or isabella (also known as lilac; light grey-brown); accordingly, a mask may be any of these colors. Pheomelanin occurs in shades of red ranging from ivory to mahogany, which include cream, gold, and tan.
A mask is visible in conjunction with a variety of coat patterns, such as tan points and sable. Nonetheless, it may be difficult to see with certain others, such as brindle, and will not be visible on a completely eumelanic coat. Any white markings on the coat, caused by a lack of pigment, will appear to be layered over the mask and other markings.

## Genetic basis

The melanistic mask is caused by the M264V allele (known as E$^M$) at the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) locus, also known as the extension locus. It is completely dominant to the other alleles of the gene, and causes the melanocyte-stimulating hormone to bind to and activate melanocortin 1 receptors (located on melanocytes) in the mask's area, causing those melanocytes to produce eumelanin. Another allele, known as E, is responsible for "normal extension", which allows eumelanin to be produced as usual. e, completely recessive to the other alleles, suppresses all eumelanin production in the coat—the resulting color is sometimes known as recessive red, clear red or Australian red. Therefore, if a dog appears clear red or fawn but has a mask, the agouti gene is responsible for all pheomelanic hairs. Although Clarence Cook Little proposed in 1957 that brindle was caused by another allele at the same locus, known as e$^{br}$, his hypothesis was refuted in a 2007 study.

## Gallery

* German Shepherd dog with black mask
* Longhaired whippet with black mask
* Red dogue de Bordeaux with liver mask
* St. Bernard with black mask and white markings
* Kerry blue terrier with black mask. Although the coat on the body has lightened in color in a process known as "clearing" or "greying", the mask has retained its original color.
* Border collie puppy with black mask, tan points, and white markings. On the front portion of the muzzle, the points on the cheeks are partially "covered up", or inhibited in expression, by the mask.
# LUGM-145

The LUGM-145 was an Iraqi produced naval moored contact mine. The mine had a 145 kilogram explosive warhead. In February 1991, during the Gulf War, USS Tripoli (LPH-10) struck a LUGM-145 mine, losing a third of its fuel, and sustaining damage that would cost 3.5 million US dollars to repair.
# Mhairi McKay

Mhairi McKay (born 18 April 1975) is a Scottish professional golfer who played mainly on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour and was also a member of the Ladies European Tour.

## Amateur career

McKay was born in Glasgow. She is a former pupil of Fernhill School and was introduced to golf by her parents. They moved from Glasgow to Girvan, close to the famous Turnberry golf links where she learned to play and is still a club member. She had a successful amateur career and was the Golf Foundation Under 13 girls’ champion in 1987 and Under 14 champion in 1988. She also won the Daily Telegraph Junior Golf Championship in 1991 and won the Girls Amateur Championship in 1992 and 1993. She represented Great Britain & Ireland in the Curtis Cup matches of 1994 and 1996 and played in the 1996 Espirito Santo Trophy World Amateur Team Championship.
McKay was the first international female player to be offered a golf scholarship at Stanford University in California where she was a classmate of Tiger Woods (she took a Portuguese literature class with him). She graduated in 1997 with a B.A. in Public Policy having been Pac-10 champion in 1997, Pac-10 All Conference from 1994 to 1997) and Pac-10 All Academic 1st Team in 1997. She also earned All-American honours from 1994 through to 1997.

## Professional career

McKay turned professional after graduating from college and qualified for the LPGA Tour on her first attempt, finishing joint 56th at LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament earning non-exempt status for the 1998 LPGA season.
She was an LPGA Tour rookie in 1998. She has yet to win on the LPGA Tour, but she had second-place finishes in 2001, 2002 and 2003 and claimed her first professional win in 2003 at the AAMI Women's Australian Open. She represented Europe in the Solheim Cup in 2002 and 2003 and represented Scotland in the 2007 Women's World Cup of Golf where she and her partner Janice Moodie finished fourth.
She is one of three women to hold the professional course record of 67 at the Old Course of St. Andrews.

## Professional wins (1)
### ALPG Tour wins (1)

* 2003 (1) AAMI Women's Australian Open

## Team appearances

Amateur
* European Ladies' Team Championship (representing Scotland): 1993, 1995
* Vagliano Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 1993 (winners), 1995, 1997
* Curtis Cup (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 1994 (tie, Cup retained), 1996 (winners)
* Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 1996
* Commonwealth Trophy (representing Great Britain): 1995
Professional
* Solheim Cup (representing Europe): 2002, 2003 (winners)
* World Cup (representing Scotland): 2007, 2008

### Solheim Cup record

| Year | Total matches | Total W–L–H | Singles W–L–H | Foursomes W–L–H | Fourballs W–L–H | Points won | Points % |
| Career | 5 | 2–3–0 | 1–1–0 | 0–1–0 | 1–1–0 | 2 | 40% |
| 2002 | 3 | 1–2–0 | 0–1–0 lost to P. Hurst 3&2 | 0–1–0 lost w/I. Tinning 3&2 | 1–0–0 won w/C. Koch 3&2 | 1 | 33.3% |
| 2003 | 2 | 1–1–0 | 1–0–0 def B. Daniel conceded on 15 | 0–0–0 | 0–1–0 lost w/A.B. Sanchez 5&4 | 1 | 50% |