OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Medical Research Society

The Medical Research Society (MRS) was founded by Sir Thomas Lewis in 1930. The Society was 'instituted for the purpose of advancing knowledge of the causes and processes of disease, by clinical or related experimental studies in man’. The MRS published the journal Clinical Science from 1945 until 1961, and then jointly with the Biochemical Society until 2003. The MRS continued to hold regular research meetings until October 2011 when it merged with the Academy of Medical Sciences. The Academy of Medical Sciences now awards an annual Medical Research Society prize for pre-PhD (Foundation Year doctors and Academic Clinical Fellows) and PhD students.

## History

The MRS was formed following a report by a subcommittee of the UK Medical Research Council on the ‘Future Policy for the Promotion of Clinical Research’. The report was written by Lewis, Thomas Renton Elliott, Wilfred Trotter and John Parsons. The first meeting of the Society was held on 24 October at University College Hospital. At its formation the Society had 18 ordinary members and 2 honorary members, Archibald Garrod and John Scott Haldane. The first demonstration at the first meeting was on 'The effect of unilateral sympathetic release in a case of Raynaud's disease' by George Pickering.
# Micranthocereus streckeri

Micranthocereus streckeri is a species of plant in the family Cactaceae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Description

Micranthocereus breiteri grows branching from the base with parallel, upright, short columnar shoots and reaches heights of up to 70 centimeters. The bright blue-green to gray-green shoots later turn brownish and have a diameter of 5.5 centimeters. There are about 25 closely spaced ribs. The oval areoles are covered with brownish wool and whitish hairs. About 30 yellowish thorns up to 2.3 centimeters long and some bristles up to 10 centimeters long arise from them. The clearly pronounced cephalium is up to 20 centimeters long and 3.5 centimeters wide. It consists of yellowish brown wool up to 1.3 centimeters long and reddish brown bristles up to 2.4 centimeters long as well as some thorns.
The tubular purple flowers appear in clusters. They are up to 2.2 centimeters long and have a diameter of 4 millimeters. The berry-like fruits are purple in color and 1 to 1.1 centimeters long and diameter.

## Distribution

Micranthocereus breiteri is distributed in the Brazilian state of Bahia, west of Seabra.

## Taxonomy

The first description was made in 1986 by Werner van Heek and Louis van Criekinge. The specific epithet specific epithet breiteri honors the Leverkusen cactus friend Willi Strecker.
# Microsegregation

Microsegregation is a non-uniform chemical separation and concentration of elements or impurities in alloys after they have solidified.
# Celastrina huegeli

Celastrina huegeli, the large hedge blue, is a small butterfly found in India that belongs to the lycaenids or blues family.

## Taxonomy

The alternate scientific name is Celastrina huegelii. The butterfly was earlier known as Lycaenopsis huegelii Moore.
The spelling of the species taxon name is usually found in literature as huegelii, except for the NHM's LepIndex site where it is recorded as huegeli.
The species is considered to consist of the following subspecies:
* C. h. heugelii – nominate subspecies
* C. h. singalensis – previously Lycaenopsis singalensis as per Evans and considered as Polyommatus singalensis as per NHM's LepIndex
* C. h. dipora – dusky blue Cupid previously Everes dipora as per Evans

## Range

It is found in Kashmir to Kumaon in India. Markku Savela's site gives range of the butterfly as Himalayas to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and northern Thailand, the extended range being due to the inclusion of C. h. singalensis and C. h. dipora as part of the huegelii species.
# Piletocera rechingeri

Piletocera rechingeri is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Willie Horace Thomas Tams in 1935. It is found on Samoa.
# Dewsbury F.C.

Dewsbury F.C. was an English football club based in Dewsbury, West Yorkshire.

## History

The club was formed in 1898 in order to represent the town in the old Yorkshire Football League in 1898–99 and 1899–1900. They finished bottom of the table in both seasons but were still active well into the 1900s.
# Philippines at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics

The Philippines competed at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow, Russia, from 10–18 August 2013. A team of 2 athletes was initially announced to represent the country in the event. Only one Filipino athlete, Eric Cray participated in the tournament. He participated in the 400 Metres Hurdles.

## Results
### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Quarterfinal | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Eric Cray | 400 metres hurdles | 52.45 | 34 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
# 182 BC

Year 182 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Tamphilus and Paullus (or, less frequently, year 572 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 182 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Asia Minor

* The king of Bithynia, Prusias I Chlorus dies and is succeeded by his son, who rules as Prusias II.

## Births

* Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt (d. 116 BC)

## Deaths

* Prusias I Chlorus, king of Bithynia (b. c. 228 BC)
# Dave Prentis

David Prentis, Baron Prentis of Leeds (born 29 May 1948) is a British trade unionist and former General Secretary of UNISON, the United Kingdom's largest trade union. He was originally elected in 2000. He was re-elected in March 2005 with 77% of the vote, in 2010 with 67% of the vote, and in 2015 with 49% of the vote.

## Early life

Prentis was born and brought up in Leeds where he attended St Michael's College from 1959 to 1967. He went to the University of London where he took a BA in History, then studied Economic History at the London School of Economics. This was followed by a master's degree in Industrial Relations at the University of Warwick.

## Trade unions

He joined NALGO in 1975, and in 1990 he became its deputy general secretary. He was UNISON's deputy general secretary (DGS) from its formation in July 1993, when it was formed from NALGO, NUPE and CoHSE.

### UNISON leadership

In his role as the deputy general secretary, Prentis directed UNISON's national negotiating team and oversaw the union's policy making functions. He also drove through a strategic review of the union, aimed at delivering key reforms, to bring union services closer to the members. In 2001, he succeeded Rodney Bickerstaffe as General Secretary of UNISON, having been elected in February 2000.
Prentis was responsible for 1,500 staff and a turnover of around £160 million. As General Secretary, he received a total salary and benefits package worth £112,114 in the accounting year ending 31 December 2013.
He was a member of the TUC General Council, TUC executive committee and the Trade Union Labour Party Liaison Committee. He was elected President of the TUC for the year 2008.
In July 2020, he announced his decision to step down at the end of the year. Christina McAnea was elected as his successor in a ballot of members, in which she won 47.7% of the vote.
It was announced on 14 October 2022, that as part of the 2022 Special Honours, Prentis would receive a life peerage, sitting for the Labour Party. On 18 November 2022, he was created Baron Prentis of Leeds, of Harehills in the City of Leeds.

## Public appointments

* Trustee of the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) and also Catalyst, two centre-left research bodies
* Adviser to the Warwick Institute of Governance and Public Management
* Visiting fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford
* Member of various joint working parties with the government and the CBI
* President of Unity Trust Bank
* since, 1 June 2012, non-executive director of the Bank of England. The initial appointment is until 31 May 2015. For the accounting year 2013/14 non-executive directors of the Bank of England received total remuneration of £165,458.

## Personal life

In 2000, he was diagnosed with cancer of the oesophagus and stomach. He had much of his stomach removed, underwent chemotherapy, and then contracted MRSA in hospital. Since his recovery from cancer he has been unable to eat large meals.
# Jack Davies (football trainer)

John Henry Davies, known as Jack Davies, was employed by Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club as assistant trainer in 1920. In 1930 he was promoted to first team trainer where he served under Major Frank Buckley. During his 16 years as first team trainer at Wolves, the club went from the Second Division to narrowly missing out on the First Division Championship title in the 1937- 38, 1938-39 seasons and were FA Cup runners up in 1939. Over this period Wolverhampton Wanderers became one of the best teams in England. Jack persuaded the Wolves board to keep a young Stan Cullis, who in later years as a manager reigned over the club’s most successful period. Jack also persuaded Major Buckley not to release Billy Wright, who the club had deemed too short in height to make the grade as a professional footballer. Billy Wright went on to win three Football League championships and the FA Cup, whilst amassing 105 international caps for England. In later years Jack worked at the club as the Central League trainer, youth team trainer and then finally dressing room attendant for the club, until 1978.
In April 2023 Jack Davies was formally recognised by Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club for his 58 years of service and loyalty by being inducted into the club’s Hall of Fame. Jack Davies was inducted along with Alf Bishop, Robbie Dennison, Joe Gardiner, Geoff Palmer, Phil Parkes, Mike Stowell and Dennis Wilshaw.
Merv Davies collected the award on behalf of his late grandfather. Merv Davies played a key role together with fellow co-author Tim Gibbons in getting Jack’s achievements recognised through their 2019 book publication, ‘Training with Wolves’. All profits from the sales from ‘Training with Wolves’ book were donated to the Alzheimer’s society charity. In October 2021, a cheque presentation took place at the Wolves Museum to Alzheimer’s society for a £1,500 donation.
Career honours
Wolverhampton Wanderers
First Division •Runners-up: 1937-38, 1938-39
Second Division •Champions: 1931-32
FA Cup •Runners-up: 1939
Football League War Cup (Northern) •Winners: 1941-42
Central League •Champions: 1950-51, 1951-52, 1952-53
FA Youth Cup •Winner: 1958 •Runners-up:1953, 1954
Giller, Norman (2003) Billy Wright: A Hero for All Seasons, ISBN 1-86105-528-5 - page 22.
# Darrell Banks

Darrell Banks (born Darrell Eubanks; July 25, 1937 – February 24, 1970) was an American soul singer. He had a hit with 1966's "Open the Door to Your Heart".

## Background

Born in Mansfield, Ohio, Banks grew up in Buffalo, New York, and learned to sing in gospel churches before choosing a career in secular music. He signed with Solid Hitbound Productions/Revilot Records, who released his 1966 single "Open the Door to Your Heart" (which, curiously, is legally named "Baby Walk Right In"), written by Donnie Elbert. When the single came out, Banks was credited as the songwriter instead of Elbert, and a protracted legal battle ensued; however, while the courts settled the matter (eventually in Elbert's favor), the tune scaled the US charts, peaking at No. 2 R&B and No. 27 on the Billboard Hot 100.
A second single, "Somebody (Somewhere) Needs You", hit No. 34 R&B and No. 55 pop later that year. Moving to Atco Records, he released the singles "Here Come the Tears" / "I've Got That Feelin" and "Angel Baby (Don't Ever Leave Me)" / "Look into the Eyes of a Fool" in 1967, neither of which charted. Atco also released an album of his which included his Revilot singles. Atco subsidiary Cotillion Records released his last single under the Atlantic Records umbrella, "I Wanna Go Home" / "The Love of My Woman".
From there, Banks signed to Stax Records, who released another album of his in 1969 and two more non-charting singles. They would be Banks's last recordings; in February 1970, Banks was shot and killed by policeman Aaron Bullock in Detroit, Michigan, after Banks intervened in his affair with Banks's girlfriend, Marjorie Bozeman.
In 2014 an online auction of the London Records pressing of "Open the Door to Your Heart" saw bids exceed £10,000. It was believed to be the only copy in circulation, the remainder of the stock having been destroyed when the rival label EMI won the rights to release the single. It eventually sold for in excess of £14,000 (US$23,000). Bank's recording of "Just Because Your Love Is Gone", released as a single on Stax Records in 1969 is also collectable, with Record Collector magazine listing its value at £100 in mint condition, although in 2009 a copy actually sold for twice that amount.

## Discography

* Darrell Banks Is Here! (Atco Records, 1967)
* Darrell Is Here to Stay (Stax Records, 1969)
* The Lost Soul (compilation, 1997)
# Admete choshiensis

Admete choshiensis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 25 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off Japan.
# David Beatson

David Colin Beatson (14 April 1944 – 21 September 2017) was a New Zealand journalist, media analyst and broadcast presenter. He was editor of the New Zealand Listener in the 1980s. He worked as Chief Press Secretary to 1990s New Zealand Prime Minister Jim Bolger.
Beatson died on 21 September 2017, following a lengthy undisclosed illness.
# Morrab Library

The Morrab Library is a subscription library in Penzance, Cornwall in England.
The library, situated in Morrab House within Morrab Gardens, was founded in 1818 and is financed through membership subscriptions, legacies, grants, and a regular contribution from the Dennis G C Myner Charitable Trust.

## Collections

The Morrab Library holds over 60,000 books, and extensive archive collections. Notable collections include the Dawson Napoleonic Collection comprising over 3,000 engravings and prints, photographic collections of over 15,000 prints and negatives, extensive runs of 18th and 19th century journals, the Jenner Collection of Cornish and Celtic books, and over 2,000 books printed from the 16th to 18th centuries.

## History

The Morrab Library was originally known as the Penzance Library, and was officially formed at the beginning of 1818. It emerged out of the activities of two Penzance book clubs, one each for ladies and gentlemen. The Ladies Book Club was the earliest, created in 1770 (possibly making it the only one of its kind outside London at the time), and lending books to its members for four days at a time. The Gentleman's Book Club followed in 1779. The first president was Sir Rose Price Bart of Trengwainton and by 1820 the library had over one hundred members.
The Library was first located in an apartment at Cummins's Hotel in Penzance's Market Place, before moving, in 1818, to Geological House at 10 North Parade where it shared premises with the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall and the Agricultural Society. During 1867 the Library moved to the new Public Buildings (now known as St John's Hall) in Alverton Street.
The Morrab Library is housed within Morrab House in the Morrab Gardens, which was built in 1841 for the brewer Samuel Pidwell. The house is described as "...a large stucco villa in the Georgian manner with columned porch" and is a grade II listed building. Shortly after the Pidwell family moved to Portugal, it became the home of Charles Campbell Ross, Member of Parliament for the St Ives constituency from 1881–1885. On 16 July 1888 the house and walled gardens were bought by the Corporation of Penzance for £3,120 for use as a municipal park. The gardens opened on 27 September 1889 with a half day holiday and a procession through the streets. The library moved into Morrab House in the same year.
The Morrab Library is a member of the Independent Libraries Association, which was founded in 1989.

## Past presidents

* Sir Rose Price, Bart., 13 May 1818 – 1824
* Lt-gen Watkins Tench, 6 September 1824 – 1828 (may have been nominal president until his death at Devonport, 7 May 1833)
* Joseph Carne, 13 January 1834–12 October 1858
* J J A Boase, 10 January 1859–end of 1873
* William Bolitho, junior, January 1874–

## Past librarians

* Dr John Forbes, 1818–1822
* Rev John Foxell, 1822–1852
* James Flamank, 1852–1862
* Leonard Richard Willan, MD, 14 May 1862 – 22 May 1882
* Rev Prebendary Hedgeland 13 June 1882–
# David Bowker (writer)

David Bowker is a British author and screenwriter. Born in Manchester, England, Bowker has written seven novels. He has also worked as a journalist and as a columnist on The Times. He has various film projects in development and his TV work includes episodes of Casualty and Coronation Street. He is currently working on his eighth novel.
Bowker's book, How to Be Bad was recommended by Esquire magazine as one of the books of 2005.

## Selected works
### Books

* The Death Prayer (1995)
* The Secret Sexist (1996)
* The Butcher of Glastonbury (1997)
* From Stockport With Love (1999)
* Rawhead (2002), retitled The Death You Deserve in 2003 for its American release
* I Love My Smith & Wesson (2004), retitled Rawhead In Love the same year
* How To Be Bad (2005)

### Radio

* Big Boys Don't Cry (BBC Radio 4, 1992)

### Television

* Truants (BBC1, 2004)
* Coronation Street (ITV1, 2008–2009) (6 episodes)
* Casualty (BBC1, 2008–present) (10 episodes) Core Writer
# Jacob Birger Natvig

Jacob Birger Natvig (6 December 1934 – 2 April 2021) was a Norwegian physician, a pioneer in the field of immunology in Norway.

## Career

Born in Oslo, Natvig graduated as cand.med. in 1959, and as dr.med. in 1966. He worked as physician at the Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, from 1967 to 1977, and was then appointed director of the hospital from 1978 to 1986. From 1986 to 2004 he was professor of immunology at the University of Oslo.
Natvig was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1978. Natvig served as president of the International Union of Immunological Societies from 1989 to 1992, and he was founder and chairman of the board of the foundation Nasjonalt medisinsk museum. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2009, for his contribution to medical research.
He died in Oslo on 2 April 2021.

## Selected works

* Medisinsk immunologi (with Morten Harboe; first edition 1975).
# Jacob Bixenman

Jacob Taylor Bixenman (born May 27, 1994) is an American model, photographer and director. He was born in Orange County, California.

## Career

Bixenman entered a VMan modelling competition and was signed by Ford Models, who handles Naomi Campbell, Courteney Cox and Lana Del Rey amongst others. He has walked the New York Fashion Week. Bixenman has also modelled for Palomo Spain, Dolce & Gabbana, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Ovadia & Sons, Forever 21, Pull&Bear, Yves Saint Laurent, Moncler Gamme Bleu and Valentino. He is the face of Topman. Bixenman has also done a podcast "Unspoken" created by Ruthie Lindsey and Miles Adcox. His works have also been published in Vogue magazine and V Magazine. He has also worked with Ralph Lauren Corporation by modelling their new gender-neutral Pride collection. He was also a part of MAC Cosmetics' 2019 Pride Collection. Bixenman was a part of the music video of "Heaven," a song by Troye Sivan, and "Lonely Cities" by Tigertown.
Apart from modelling, he also makes short videos. He has had success as a creative director, working as the creative director for Miley Cyrus's Attention music video released in early 2022. He worked with her again in 2023, directing the music videos for "Flowers", "River", "Jaded" and "Used To Be Young", singles of Cyrus's Endless Summer Vacation album. He also co-directed her Disney+ special Endless Summer Vacation (Backyard Sessions).

## Personal life

He started dating Australian singer and actor Troye Sivan in 2016, and made a cameo in Sivan's music video for "Heaven". In early 2020, they broke up. His elder brother, Taylor Bixenman, died in January 2018. Jacob has a tattoo "Tay" on his finger, dedicated to Taylor.

## Music videos

| Year | Title | Artist | Role |
| 2016 | "Lonely Cities" | Tigertown | Actor |
| 2017 | "Heaven" | Troye Sivan | Actor |
| 2022 | Attention: Miley Live Album Trailer | Miley Cyrus | Director |
| 2023 | "Flowers" | Miley Cyrus | Director |
| 2023 | "River" | Miley Cyrus | Director |
| 2023 | "Jaded" | Miley Cyrus | Director |
| 2023 | "Used to Be Young" | Miley Cyrus | Director |
# Jack Leverett III

Jack Hobson Leverett III (born January 18, 2000) is an American sport shooter. He has qualified to represent the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He is the older brother of Henry Leverett who is also a sport shooter. Before each match, Jack's preferred meal was a kool-aid pickle, modeled after the song Shotta Flow by NLE Choppa.
# Adigeni

Adigeni (Georgian: ადიგენი) is a small town (daba) in eponymous municipality, Samtskhe-Javakheti, Georgia. It is located at the Akhaltsikhe structural basin, on the Kvabliani riverside, 32 km to the west of the regional center of Akhaltsikhe. As of the 2014 census, it had a population of 783. In the daba there are administrative, cultural, educational and healthcare offices.
# Adesmus dignus

Adesmus dignus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Melzer in 1931. It is known from Brazil.
# Jack Wallace (second baseman)

McKinley "Jack" Wallace was an American Negro league second baseman between 1926 and 1931.
Wallace played for the Bacharach Giants in 1926, posting a .229 batting average in 17 recorded games. He also played briefly for the Cleveland Cubs in 1931.
# Jack Pettigrew

John Douglas "Jack" Pettigrew (2 October 1943 - 7 May 2019) was an Australian neuroscientist. He was Emeritus Professor of Physiology and Director of the Vision, Touch and Hearing Research Centre at the University of Queensland in Australia.

## Research

Pettigrew's research interest was in comparative neuroscience. He studied a variety of different birds and mammals with modern neuronal tracing techniques to unravel principles of brain organization. He was the chief proponent of the flying primate hypothesis, which was based on the similarity between the brains of megabats and primates. Special emphasis was placed on the visual, auditory and somatosensory systems.
Pettigrew was the first person to clarify the neurobiological basis of stereopsis when he described neurones sensitive to binocular disparity. Later, he discovered that owls have independently evolved a system of binocular neurones like those found in mammals.
Pettigrew showed evidence for a role for non-visual pathways in the phenomenon of developmental neuroplasticity during the postnatal critical period.
Pettigrew used binocular rivalry as an assay for interhemispheric switching, whose rhythm is altered in bipolar disorder.

## Honours and awards

Pettigrew’s scientific work was recognized by several honours and awards, including becoming a Fellow of the Royal Society of London (FRS)in 1987, becoming a Fellow of the fellow of the Australian Academy of Science (FAAS) in the same year, and being awarded the Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian society and science in phylogeny.

## Other notable activity

In the 1960s and 1970s, Pettigrew was an accomplished rock climber. His most notable climb came in 1965 when together with Bryden Allen, John Davis, and David Witham he was the first to climb the 562 m (1,844 ft) high Ball's Pyramid, the tallest volcanic stack in the world.