OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grey-headed batis

The grey-headed batis (Batis orientalis) is a species of bird in the wattle-eyes family, Platysteiridae, it was previously classified with the Old World flycatchers in the family Muscicapidae. It is found in eastern and central Africa.

## Description

The grey headed batis is a small grey, black and white bird with restless habits. In the adult males the forehead, crown and nape are bluish black, there is a small white loral spot which extends into a long, broad, supercilium, there is a small white patch on the nape and the face mask is glossy black. The mantle and back aredark grey with a tinge of glossy black, the fluffy rump is white and the uppertail coverts are black. The wing is black with a white stripe and the tail is black with white outer tail feathers. The underparts are white, except for a glossy black breast band and blackish underwing coverts. The female is similar to the male but has a chestnut or rufous breast band. It has yellow eyes, a black bill and black legs. The grey-headed batis measures 10–11 cm (3.9–4.3 in) in length and weighs 8.8–13.4 g (0.31–0.47 oz).

## Distribution and habitat

It is found in western central and east Africa from Niger and Nigeria in the west east to Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia south to Uganda and Kenya.
The natural habitats of the grey headed batis are dry savanna and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland and arid thornbush and semi desert scrub from sea level up to 2,100 m (6,900 ft), in Ethiopia.

## Habits

The grey-headed batis is solitary or seen in pairs, spending time in the canopy of bushes, moving about restlessly, foraging in the shade in the middle of the bush. It feeds on insects. The breeding biology is little known; the male may perform a courtship flight but this record may have referred to a pygmy batis. The cup nest is made of bark strips and spider webs, concealed in the central fork of a thorn tree, in which 2–3 pale blue eggs are laid.

## Subspecies

There are four currently recognised subspecies:
* Batis orientalis orientalis: Central Eritrea to northern Ethiopia.
* Batis orientalis bella: Northern Eritrea and eastern Ethiopia to Djibouti, northern Somalia and northern Kenya
* Batis orientalis chadensis: north eastern Nigeria to Democratic Republic of the Congo, Chad, South Sudan and western Ethiopia.
* Batis orientalis lynesi: northern Sudan (eastern Red Sea Province).
# Long Island Beach

Long Island Beach is a former amusement park located in Whitewater Township, Hamilton County, Ohio.
The property was acquired by John Pope in 1888, and in 1924, John's son and daughter-in-law, Earl and Dolores Pope opened a park on the site. The park, often compared to a miniature Coney Island was in operation from 1924 through 1956.
The park's attractions included hand powered rides, swimming (with more than a mile of beaches), bingo, camping, ball fields and dances. The park was also the location for big bands to play and entertain. Entertainers such as Rosemary Clooney and Spike Jones were amongst those who performed there. Long Island Beach was a favorite location for company picnics from local firms and would often host more than 1,000 visitors per day. In its early years, visitors would travel by streetcar from nearby Cincinnati to find relief from the heat of the day by picnicking or swimming in the Whitewater River.
Long Island Beach closed in 1956 due to competition from city swimming pools and local park districts which has been established. The Pope family converted the property back to farm production. In 1998, however, the family once again opened up the site for river recreation, in the form of a canoe rental firm named Green Acres.
# Harris Hip Score

The Harris Hip Score (HHS) is a common evaluation instrument of the results of various hip disabilities and methods of treatment, especially for the assessment of hip replacement. It was developed by William H. Harris in 1969 with 30 patients who had suffered a fracture of the acetabulum or a luxation of the hip. The HHS contains 10 questions/ items, which can be divided in 4 categories: pain, function, range of motion and deformity. It scales from 0 to 100 points. Today, in most cases the version of Haddad et al. is used, where the calculation of the result of the category range of motion has been simplified. The HHS differs from other hip scores as it contains objective as well as subjective items. This has been sparked some controversies as results as the range of motion may be biased by the investigator. In recent years, (solely subjective) patient reported outcome measurement-tools have been developed such as the WOMAC-Score or the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS). Another issue with HHS lies in so called ceiling effects, as it does not allow to differentiate between a very good and an excellent result. However, the HHS still offers a valid and reproducible tool for the results of hip surgery, although comorbidities should be assessed simultaneously, for example with the Charnley-Score.
# Pat Thornton (rugby league)

Pat Thorton was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played one season in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL).

## Playing career

Playing in Newcastle's lower grades since 1947, Thornton was a successful player for the Central Charlestown Butcher Boys club at the hooker position. Prior to his first grade stint, Thornton was remembered for his rivalry with Bob Crane of the (now defunct) Northern Suburbs Bulldogs RLFC. He was also noted for his heavily aggressive play in scrums, leading to frequent scrum infringements, which consequently resulted in many penalty calls from the referees.
Thornton made his professional rugby league debut with South Sydney in the opening round of the 1953 season against the Western Suburbs Magpies. He made three more consecutive appearances for the club, before making his final first grade appearance in Round 4.
He retired from rugby league on 2 June 1954, citing that the weekly Saturday afternoon games were interfering with his work commitments. Thornton also stated he wanted to spend more time with family, although numerous pundits believed Thornton's decision to retire from the game occurred out of frustration and dissatisfaction from the referees' officiating around scrum penalties, especially after Central's game against the Western Suburbs Rosellas in May that year.
# Hart circle

In geometry, the Hart circle is derived from three given circles that cross pairwise to form eight circular triangles. For any one of these eight triangles, and its three neighboring triangles, there exists a Hart circle, tangent to the inscribed circles of these four circular triangles. Thus, the three given circles have eight Hart circles associated with them. The Hart circles are named after their discover, Andrew Searle Hart. They can be seen as analogous to the nine-point circle of straight-sided triangles.
# Hart Udy

Hart Udy (27 July 1857 – 6 August 1933) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A forward, Udy represented Wellington at a provincial level, and was a member of the first ever New Zealand national side, which toured Australia and won every game, in 1884. He played eight matches on the tour. He did not play any full test matches as New Zealand did not play their first until 1903. He was the Wellington selector from 1884 to 1885.
A cousin, Dan Udy, represented New Zealand in 1901 and 1903.
# Harry Von Tilzer

Harry Von Tilzer (born Aaron Gumbinsky, also known as Harry Gumm; 8 July 1872 – 10 January 1946) was an American composer, songwriter, publisher and vaudeville performer.

## Early life

Von Tilzer was born in Detroit, Michigan. His parents, Sarah (Tilzer) and Jacob Gumbinsky, were Polish Jewish immigrants. Harry ran away and joined a traveling circus at age 14, where he adopted his mother's maiden name as his own, seeking to make it sound even classier by tacking on a "Von." So impressive seemed the transformation that eventually all his brothers changed their last name to match his.

## Career

Harry proved successful playing piano and calliope and writing new tunes and incidental music for shows. He continued doing this for burlesque and vaudeville shows for some years, writing many tunes which were not published or which he sold to entertainers for one or two dollars. In 1898, he sold his song "My Old New Hampshire Home" to a publisher for $15, and watched it become a national hit, selling over two million copies of the sheet music. This prompted him to become a professional songwriter.
He was made a partner of the Shapiro Bernstein Publishing Company. His 1900 number "A Bird in a Gilded Cage" became one of the biggest hits of the time. Von Tilzer became one of the best-known Tin Pan Alley songwriters. In 1902, Von Tilzer formed his own publishing company, where he was soon joined by his younger brother Albert Von Tilzer. In 1914, Von Tilzer was a charter member of the performing rights society, American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP).
Harry Von Tilzer's hits included "A Bird in a Gilded Cage," "The Cubanola Glide," "Wait 'Til The Sun Shines Nellie," "Old King Tut," "All Alone," "Mariutch," "The Ragtime Goblin Man," "I Love My Wife, But Oh You Kid!" "They Always Pick On Me," "I Want A Girl (Just Like The Girl That Married Dear Old Dad)" (with lyrics by William Dillon), "And The Green Grass Grew All Around," "On the Old Fall River Line," "Under the Anheuser Bush," and many others.

## Death

He died in New York City on January 10, 1946. Lawrence Welk's Teleklew Productions acquired Harry Von Tilzer Music in 1957.

## Work on Broadway

* The Fisher Maiden (1903) – opera – composer
* The Man From Now (1906) – musical – featured composer
* The Dairymaids (1907) – musical – featured songwriter
* Ziegfeld Follies of 1910 (1910) – revue – featured composer for "I'll Get You Yet"
* Doctor Jazz (1975) – musical – featured songwriter for "I Love It"
* Tintypes (1980) – revue – featured songwriter
# Pat Baba

Pat Baba is a village and union council in Mardan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
# Pat Aylward

Patrick Joseph "Dexter" Aylward (12 November 1899 - July 1930) was an American-born Irish hurler. Usually lining out at midfield, he enjoyed All-Ireland Championship success with Kilkenny in 1922 and with Dublin in 1924.
Aylward enjoyed a brief club career with Ballyhale before later joining the C. J. Kickhams club in Dublin. He won his sole county championship medal in 1924.
After being selected for the Kilkenny senior team in 1921, Aylward held his position on the team for the following two championship seasons. He won his first Leinster medal in 1922 before later winning his first All-Ireland medal after Kilkenny's defeat of Tipperary in the final. Aylward later joined the Dublin senior team, with whom he won a second set of Leinster and All-Ireland medals in 1924. His brother, Bob Aylward, later won an All-Ireland medal with Kilkenny in 1939.

## Honours
### C. J. Kickhams

* Dublin Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1924

### Kilkenny

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1922
* Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1922

### Dublin

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1924
* Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (1): 1924
# Pasión dominguera

Pasión dominguera is a 1970 Argentine film; B qualified was, not commercially premiered being exhibited as a complement in neighborhood theaters.

## Cast

Jorge Porcel, Luis Tasca, Fidel Pintos, Nathán Pinzón, Perla Caron, Federico Luppi, Beto Gianola, Néstor Fabián, Juan Carlos de Seta, Gloria Leyland, Beatriz Bonnet, Manuel de Sabattini, Vicente Ariño, Roberto Galán, Héctor Sturman, Ramón "Palito" Ortega, Fernando Iglesias “Tacholas”, Jorge Salcedo, Marty Cosens, Oscar “Ringo” Bonavena.
# Paseban

Paseban is administrative village (kelurahan in Indonesian) at Senen subdistrict, Central Jakarta. The border of Paseban are :
* Kramat administrative village in the north
* Kenari administrative village in the west
* Johar Baru administrative village in the east
* Rawasari administrative village in the south
The zip code of this administrative village is 10440.

## Toponym

The name Paseban derived from Javanese paséban, which the meaning is king's hearing place. Most likely this is indeed ancient rest house where the king of Mataram hearings when surrounded or Batavia Sunda Kelapa.
# Pasupathihal

Pasupathihal is a village in Dharwad district in the southwestern state of Karnataka, India.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India there were 664 households in Pasupathihal and a total population of 3,416 consisting of 1,769 males and 1,647 females. There were 398 children ages 0-6.
# Hashu Advani

Hashu Advani (1926–1995) was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party and its earlier incarnation of Jana Sangh. He was born in Hyderabad, Sindh. Later he migrated to Mumbai. He was a cabinet minister in Government of Maharashtra in 1995.. He was elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Chembur constituency in 1967 (Jana Sangh), 1978 (Janata Party), and later as BJP member in 1980, 1990, 1995. He served as State Minister for Urban Development from 1978 to 1980 and as Minister for Finance and Planning from March 1995 until his death in office later in the same year.
# Patriarch Nicholas of Constantinople

Patriarch Nicholas of Alexandria may refer to:
* Nicholas I of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 901–907 and 912–925
* Nicholas II of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 984–996
* Nicholas III of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1084–1111
* Nicholas IV of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1147–1151
# Patricia Birnie

Patricia Winifred Birnie (17 November 1926 - February 2013) was a British lawyer, and an internationally recognised expert on the law of the sea and the regulation of whaling.

## Personal life and education

Birnie was born in Lytham St Annes, Lancashire, and attended Queen Mary School. She studied jurisprudence at St Hilda's College, Oxford and became a barrister in 1952. She later gained a PhD from the University of Edinburgh. Her thesis title was "Development of the international regulation of whaling : its relation to the emerging law of conservation of marine mammals".
She married Sandy (died 1982) in 1952; they had a son and two daughters.

## Career

After working as a civil servant in the Treasury, Birnie moved to Scotland and taught law part-time at the universities of Aberdeen and Edinburgh before becoming a lecturer at Edinburgh. From 1983 to 1989 she taught at the London School of Economics.
Birnie was the first director of the International Maritime Law Institute, established in Malta by the International Maritime Organization, from 1989 until her retirement in 1994.

## Selected publications

* Birnie, Patricia; Boyle, Alan (1992). International Law and the Environment. Oxford UP. ISBN 9780198762829.
    4th edition published as Boyle, Alan; Redgwell, Catherine (2019). Birnie, Boyle, and Redgwell's International Law and the Environment. Oxford UP. ISBN 9780199594016.
* Birnie, Patricia (1985). International regulation of whaling : from conservation of whaling to conservation of whales and regulation of whale-watching (2 volumes). Oceana. ISBN 9780379206029. Based on her PhD thesis
# Hawaiian hawk

The Hawaiian hawk or ʻio (Buteo solitarius) is a raptor in the genus Buteo endemic to Hawaiʻi, currently restricted to the Big Island. The ʻio is one of two extant birds of prey that are native to Hawaiʻi, the other being the pueo (Hawaiian short-eared owl) and fossil evidence indicates that it inhabited the island of Hawaiʻi, Molokaʻi, Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi at one time. Today, it is known to breed only on the Big Island, in stands of native ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) trees. The species was protected as an endangered species in the United States, but was delisted in 2020. However, the IUCN classifies the species as Near Threatened. NatureServe considers the species Vulnerable.

## Description

The Hawaiian hawk measures approximately 40 to 46 centimetres (16 to 18 in) in length. The female, which weighs 605 g (21.3 oz) on average, is larger than the male, which averages 441 g (15.6 oz). Two color phases exist: a dark phase (dark brown head, breast, and underwings), and a light color phase (dark head, light breast and light underwings). Feet and legs are yellowish in adults and greenish in juveniles. During breeding season one of the pair, possibly the female, has a distinctive yellow forecap area just above the upper mandible.

## Threats

Common threats to the ʻio are illegal shootings, the degradation of their native forest habitat, poisoning, vehicle collisions, starvation, and predation from other animals.

## Lifestyle

This solitary hawk remains in and defends its territories year round. They nest from March through September, and usually lay only one egg but sometimes they could lay up to three in their clutch. The female does the majority of sitting during the 38 days of incubation, while the male does the majority of the hunting. After the egg is hatched, the female only allows the male to visit when delivering food to the nest. The chick fledges at seven or eight weeks. Fifty to seventy percent of the nests successfully fledge young.
The ʻio usually hunts from a stationary position, but can also dive on prey from the air. Due to Hawaii having almost no native land mammals (the Hawaiian hoary bat being the only one), its original diet presumably consisted mainly of smaller birds such as the flightless ducks and rails that once inhabited Hawaii. Today it feeds largely on introduced animals such as rats, lizards, and game birds, as well as invertebrates such as insects. It will also feed on the Hawaiian crow, a Hawaiian bird which is extinct in the wild; the recovery of the crow is repeatedly impeded by ʻio predation. They are opportunistic predators and are versatile in their feeding habits. They have a shrill and high-pitched call much like their Hawaiian name: "eeeh-oh." They are very noisy during the breeding season. ʻIo are strong fliers.

## In Hawaiian culture

The Hawaiian hawk was one of many birds unleashed in the third period of creation (wā) mentioned in the Kumulipo. It was a royal symbol in Hawaiian legend, and it is sometimes called ʻiolani ("exalted hawk"), which was the name of Kamehameha IV and the ʻIolani Palace.
# Paul Kuhn

Paul Kuhn may refer to:
* Paul Kuhn (tenor) (1874–1966), German operatic tenor
* Paul Kuhn (band leader) (1928–2013), German jazz musician and band leader
# Paul Kuhn (band leader)

Paul Kuhn (12 March 1928 – 23 September 2013) was a German jazz musician, band leader, singer and pianist. He was the band leader of the SFB Big Band, the orchestra of the Sender Freies Berlin, the TV-Station of West Berlin, part of ARD. He was the conductor of the German entry in the 1972 Eurovision Song Contest.

## Life

Kuhn was born the son of a croupier in Wiesbaden. In 1936, at the age of 8, he had a public gig at the 'Funkausstellung' in Berlin, playing the accordion. Some years later, he discovered jazz music (which was frowned upon during the Nazi years, 1933–1945). In 1944, he was in Paris and had some gigs to entertain soldiers of the Wehrmacht, who still occupied Paris.
After V-Day (8 May 1945), the American Forces formed an occupation zone in parts of Germany, amongst them the region around Frankfurt. Kuhn was hired by AFN (American Forces Network), he was live on radio almost every day, alone or with his band. He adopted the style and sound of Glenn Miller.
In the 1950s, he arranged and composed entertainment music. Around 1955, he increasingly launched pop songs, sung and played by himself. During the 1960s, more and more west German households bought a TV; music shows, big bands and singers were very successful. In 1968, Kuhn was named head of the entertainment orchestra of Sender Freies Berlin.
In 1980, this band was dissolved and Kuhn moved to Cologne and founded his own orchestra.
Starting in 2000, he toured with Max Greger, Hugo Strasser and the Big Band of SWR (Südwestdeutscher Rundfunk).
At the end of 2011, Kuhn travelled to San Francisco to record a CD (The L.A. Session, with John Clayton and Jeff Hamilton). The album was released in 2013.
His most known hits were "Der Mann am Klavier" (1954), "Es gibt kein Bier auf Hawaii" (1963) and "Die Farbe der Liebe" (1958 in the charts).
# Patrick Ledwell

Patrick Ledwell is a Canadian stand-up comedian, best known as a frequent guest on the CBC Radio comedy series The Debaters. The brother of musician and artist Daniel Ledwell, he is from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island.
In 2012 Ledwell published the humour book I Am an Islander, which was illustrated by Daniel. Some copies of the book were sold with a bonus DVD of Think Like a Fish, an animated film on which Patrick and Daniel also collaborated. In 2016, he published the sequel book An Islander Strikes Back.
In 2017 he played John A. Macdonald in Jonathan Torrens's Canada Day comedy special Your Special Canada. Ledwell also regularly performs with musician Mark Haines as part of the Island Summer Review, a music and storytelling show.
In 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, he was one of the guest readers in The East Pointers' livestreamed "#Annedemic" readings of Anne of Green Gables.
# Patrick Lee (medical researcher)

Patrick Lee is a medical researcher and professor.
He discovered that reovirus preferentially replicates in Ras transformed cells and is therefore a good candidate for cancer therapy.
Dr. Lee holds a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Alberta.
He is currently a faculty member at Dalhousie University.
# Patrick Oaten

Patrick Oaten is a Canadian water polo coach. He was the head coach of the Brazil women's national water polo team at the 2016 Summer Olympics.