OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Preondactylus

Preondactylus is a genus of long-tailed pterosaurs from the Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian or late Norian, about 217-214 million years ago) that inhabited what is now Italy. It contains a single known species, Preondactylus buffarinii, which was discovered by Nando Buffarini in 1982 at the Forni Dolostone near Udine in the Preone valley of the Italian Alps.

## Discovery

When Buffarini first discovered Preondactylus, the thin slab of bituminous, dolomitic limestone containing the fossil was accidentally broken into pieces while being extracted. After reassembly the rock was cleaned with water by him and his wife and the marl and in it the bone was washed away and lost. All that was left was a negative imprint on the stone, of which a silicon rubber cast was made to allow for subsequent study of the otherwise lost remains. Most of the skeleton is known, but the posterior portions of the skull have not been preserved. This first specimen is the holotype: MFSN-1770.
A second, disarticulated specimen, MFSN-1891, was found at the same locale in 1984 about 150–200 meters (490–650 ft) deeper into the strata than the original find. The second specimen appears to have been preserved in the gastric pellet of a predatory fish, which had consumed the pterosaur and vomited up the indigestible pieces that would later fossilize. More detailed knowledge of the variability of Triassic pterosaurs has made the identification of this specimen as Preondactylus uncertain, and it may even be that the remains are not those of a pterosaur at all.
A third specimen is MFSN 25161, a partial skull, lacking the lower jaws.

## Description

Preondactylus had single cusp teeth, meaning they had one point on each tooth. Its diet either consisted of fish, insects or both, but there is still debate going on as the tooth structure could indicate either diet (or both). The holotype had a wingspan of 45 cm (1.48 ft), while a larger referred specimen is estimated to have a wingspan of 1.5 m (4.9 ft). The short wings are considered a "primitive" feature for pterosaurs, but Preondactylus was a fully developed flier.

## Phylogeny

The species was described and named by Rupert Wild in 1984. The genus name refers to Preone, the specific name honours Buffarini. Rupert classified the new species within Rhamphorhynchidae, of which group very old species are known such as Dorygnathus, but soon it was understood the form was much more basal. A cladistic analysis by David Unwin found Preondactylus as the most basal pterosaur, and the species was accordingly used by him for a node clade definition of the clade Pterosauria. Other analyses however, have found a somewhat more derived position for Preondactylus.
The following phylogenetic analysis follows the topology of Upchurch et al. (2015).
# Precoloring extension

In graph theory, precoloring extension is the problem of extending a graph coloring of a subset of the vertices of a graph, with a given set of colors, to a coloring of the whole graph that does not assign the same color to any two adjacent vertices.

## Complexity

Precoloring extension has the usual graph coloring problem as a special case, in which the initially colored subset of vertices is empty; therefore, it is NP-complete. However, it is also NP-complete for some other classes of graphs on which the usual graph coloring problem is easier. For instance it is NP-complete on the rook's graphs, for which it corresponds to the problem of completing a partially filled-in Latin square.
The problem may be solved in polynomial time for graphs of bounded treewidth, but the exponent of the polynomial depends on the treewidth. It may be solved in linear time for precoloring extension instances in which both the number of colors and the treewidth are bounded.

## Related problems

Precoloring extension may be seen as a special case of list coloring, the problem of coloring a graph in which no vertices have been colored, but each vertex has an assigned list of available colors. To transform a precoloring extension problem into a list coloring problem, assign each uncolored vertex in the precoloring extension problem a list of the colors not yet used by its initially-colored neighbors, and then remove the colored vertices from the graph.
Sudoku puzzles may be modeled mathematically as instances of the precoloring extension problem on Sudoku graphs.
# Igaraçu River

The Igaraçu River, also called the Igarassu River, is a distributary of the Parnaíba River in northern Piauí state in Brazil. It flows from its origin on the Parnaiba River southwest of the city of Parnaíba to the mouth on the Atlantic Ocean near the city of Luís Correia.
The river has sections classified as Environmental protection area by ICMBio.
# Pratibha Naitthani

Dr. Pratiba Naitthani is an Indian professor and activist. She is known for her opposition of vulgarity and violence on Indian television.

## Early life

Pratiba Naitthani was born in Mumbai, India, her family is from Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand. Her father, Professor Dr. S. S. Naitthani, was a pioneer of the Hindi department at Bombay University and St. Xavier's College. Pratiba is best known for her Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed in the Bombay High Court (PIL no. 1232) in 2004, against the broadcast of all adult films and programmes on television channels. Due to her efforts, even international channels had to adhere to the programming code of India. The Bombay High Court passed various orders in her PIL, compelling the private channels to follow the Indian laws.

## Career

Pratiba Naitthani is currently based in Mumbai, where she is an Associate Professor and Head of the Political Science Department in St. Xavier's College. Besides her work as a professor and department head, she is concerned with, and works on issues related to welfare of women, children, and tribal people. In Mumbai, she is a member of the Reconstructive Surgery Foundation, a voluntary organisation which offers free plastic and reconstructive surgery to economically underprivileged people. The Reconstructive Surgery Foundation primarily provides this service to children and people who have suffered burns, injuries from accidents, other physical deformities present since birth, or who are the victims of acid attacks.
She has been instrumental in taking up the issue of advertisements that depict actions which might prove fatal if copied by children, and also issues of indecent representation of women in the media.
She is also part of the struggle of tribal residents in Uttarakhand fighting for their traditional rights against the conservation policies of the state government.
She is a Rajasthani folk singer and has albums to her credit. She has been to 16 countries in the world as a cultural representative for the Rajasthani Ghoomar group. Along with the group, she conducts workshops to promote Rajasthani songs, dance and culture.
Pratiba Naitthani has been the only non-Rajasthani singer who had the honour of singing and recording the state song of the Udaipur royal family- "Mharo Vir Shiromani Des".

## Awards and honors

In 2000, Pratiba Naitthani was among the first 7 women who participated in the Nanda Devi Raj Jat, a pilgrimage of Nanda Devi Parvati in Uttarakhand. It is held once every 13 to 16 years. Previously, women were generally not allowed to participate in this pilgrimage which is 280 km long, going up to the altitude of 17,500 feet above sea level to be completed on foot in 22 days.
She was among the 29 women selected by India Today in 2005 as Power Goddesses of India. Besides many awards for her contribution in the field of social service and media issues, she has been awarded the prestigious Panna Dai Award by Maharana Mewar Foundation, Udaipur for going beyond the call of duty for social service.
She has also been honoured by the Mayor of Mumbai on International Women’s Day in 2007 as the "Outstanding Woman of Mumbai city".
# Damien Comer

Damien Comer (born 11 January 1994) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for Annaghdown and at senior level for the Galway county team.

## Early life and playing career

Comer is a former pupil of St Jarlath's College in Tuam, and also a graduate of NUI Galway, with whom he reached the 2018 Sigerson Cup final.
Comer did not play for Galway at minor level.
He was a member of the Galway team that won the Under-21 Championship in 2013. He made his senior Championship debut in 2014, when he came on as a substitute against London in the Connacht Championship. Comer was part of the Galway team that won the 2016 Connacht Championship. He started all of the team's games as the county won its first Connacht title since 2008.

## Personal life

Comer completed a Bachelor of Science in Anatomy and a Master's degree in Teacher Education and Professional Development between 2016 and 2018.
He is a science and maths teacher at Coláiste Bhaile Chláir in Claregalway and spoke about the difficulty of teaching from home during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. His fellow teammate Paul Conroy also teaches in the school.
Comer is in a long term relationship with his girlfriend Megan Glynn.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 23 April 2023
| Team | Year | National League | National League | National League | Connacht | Connacht | All-Ireland | All-Ireland | Total | Total |
| Team | Year | Division | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score |
| Galway | 2014 | Division 2 | 2 | 0-00 | 3 | 0-01 | 2 | 0-02 | 7 | 0-03 |
| Galway | 2015 | Division 2 | 5 | 1-07 | 3 | 2-06 | 3 | 1-03 | 11 | 4-16 |
| Galway | 2016 | Division 2 | 7 | 4-10 | 3 | 0-05 | 1 | 1-00 | 11 | 5-15 |
| Galway | 2017 | Division 2 | 3 | 1-02 | 2 | 0-04 | 2 | 0-01 | 7 | 1-07 |
| Galway | 2018 | Division 1 | 7 | 1-14 | 3 | 2-06 | 4 | 1-06 | 14 | 4-26 |
| Galway | 2019 | Division 1 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 1 | 0-00 | 1 | 0-00 |
| Galway | 2020 | Division 1 | 6 | 0-06 | 1 | 0-00 | - | - | 7 | 0-06 |
| Galway | 2021 | Division 1 | 2 | 0-02 | 2 | 1-01 | - | - | 4 | 1-03 |
| Galway | 2022 | Division 2 | 6 | 4-11 | 3 | 0-04 | 3 | 2-05 | 12 | 6-20 |
| Galway | 2023 | Division 1 | 4 | 0-04 | 1 | 1-04 | | | 5 | 1-08 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 42 | 11-56 | 21 | 6-31 | 16 | 5-17 | 79 | 22-104 |

## Honours
### Annaghdown

* Connacht Junior Club Hurling Championship: 2014
* Galway Junior A Hurling Championship: 2014

### Galway

* Connacht Senior Football Championship: 2016, 2018 (c), 2022
* National Football League Division 2: 2017
* All-Ireland Under-21 Football Championship: 2013
* Connacht Under-21 Football Championship: 2013

### Individual

* All Star (1): 2022
# Government College of Technology

Government College of Technology may refer to:

## India

* Government College of Technology, Coimbatore

## Pakistan

* Government College of Technology, Bahawalpur
* Government College of Technology, Faisalabad
* Government College of Technology, Multan
* Government College of Technology, Rasul, now University of Engineering and Technology, Rasul
# Department of Primary Industries (Victoria)

The Department of Primary Industries (DPI) was a government agency responsible for agriculture, biosecurity, fisheries, earth resources, energy and forestry policy and programs in the Australian state of Victoria from 2002 to 2013.

## History

The Department of Primary Industries was established in 2002. It was formed from a split of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (1996–2002) into the Department of Sustainability and Environment and the Department of Primary Industries.
In 2012 DPI created the Game Council of Victoria to with the Bureau of Animal Welfare and organisations such as Field and Game Australia to manage sustainable and responsible hunting in Victoria.
The Department of Primary Industries was merged back with the Department of Sustainability and Environment to form the Department of Environment and Primary Industries in April 2013.

## Responsibilities

DPI had primary responsibility for administering legislation governing agriculture, animal welfare, fisheries, hunting and energy and earth resources in Victoria. The department administered and responded to queries regarding 38 major Acts and was responsible for collecting fees under regulations for fishing licences, mining rights, and exploration licences.
The department worked with energy companies, research partners, primary producers, mineral explorers and rural communities across Victoria, as well as other state and federal government departments, to address the major and emerging challenges in sustainability and productivity. DPI's core services included policy development; regulation and compliance; science, research and development; and sustainable practice change.

## Structure

The department was led by a Secretary who was appointed by the Premier of Victoria. DPI supported two Ministerial portfolios, the Minister for Agriculture and Food Security the Hon Peter Walsh and the Minister for Energy and Resources, the Hon Nicholas Kotsiras.
The department was structured into five broad groups around its key areas of responsibility:
* Energy and Earth Resources Group
* Agriculture Research and Development Group
* Agriculture and Fisheries Services Group
* Policy and Strategy Group
* Business and Corporate Services Group
The department also oversaw policy on responsible pet ownership in Victoria through its Bureau of Animal Welfare branch.
# Alabama Shakespeare Festival

The Alabama Shakespeare Festival (ASF) is among the ten largest Shakespeare festivals in the world. The festival is permanently housed in the Carolyn Blount Theatre in Montgomery, Alabama.
ASF puts on 6-9 productions annually, typically including three works of William Shakespeare. Other plays sample various genres and playwrights, classical and modern, sometimes with an emphasis on Southern works. ASF's Southern Writers Project nurtures the creation of new plays that reflect Southern themes. The festival stages more than 400 performances each year that attract more than 300,000 visitors from throughout the United States and more than 60 countries.

## History

The ASF began in 1972 as a summer-stock theater project in Anniston. Its first performance was in the Anniston High School auditorium, before a single critic and his wife; the critic considered the performance very poor and predicted that the ASF would not survive. But the project persisted, with a number of innovative performances - including Taming of the Shrew set in 1950s New York City. Eventually, the Shakespeare Festival grew to garner critical acclaim, but lacked the financial support to keep it afloat. In December 1985, the ASF moved to Montgomery, as the result of Mr. and Mrs. Winton Blount's $21.5-million gift of a performing-arts complex set in a 250-acre (1-km²) landscaped park, the Winton M. Blount Cultural Park. The Carolyn Blount Theatre houses the 792-seat Festival Stage and the 225-seat Octagon Theatre.
There was no 2020 season.

## Education

Until 2009, ASF operated a Professional Actor Training program leading to the M.F.A. degree in cooperation with the University of Alabama Department of Theatre and Dance. Tony Award–winning actor Norbert Leo Butz and Emmy Award–winning actor Michael Emerson were two of the program's most successful alumni. On April 25, 2008, ASF announced that its relationship with the University of Alabama would be phased out following the graduation of the last class in August 2009.
# N.S.S. College, Cherthala

N.S.S. College, Cherthala, is a general degree college located in Cherthala, Alappuzha district, Kerala, India. It was established in the year 1964. The college is affiliated with Kerala University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

## Accreditation

The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).

## Notable alumni

* Anoop Chandran, Malayalam Film Actor
* Josy Joseph, Investigate Journalist
# Jason Reeves

Jason Reeves may refer to:
* Jason Reeves (radio broadcaster) (born 1976), New Zealand radio personality
* Jason Reeves (songwriter) (born 1984), American folk songwriter
# Jason Reilly

Jason Reilly (born 22 August 1970) is an Australian former professional rugby union player.

## Biography

A prop, Reilly was an Australian Schoolboys representative player in 1988, while attending Newington College.
Reilly started in professional rugby with the Queensland Reds, primarily as a reserves player, but did make a first team appearance against Otago. He signed a casual mid-season contract for the New South Wales Waratahs during their 2000 Super 12 campaign in an attempt improve an underperforming scrum, replacing Rod Moore as tight-head for the final six rounds. At club level, Reilly played with Sydney University, where he had a sports scholarship to study for a master's degree in English and history. He continued his studies at the University of Cambridge and featured in their 2002 Varsity match win over Oxford University.
# Albatross expedition

The Albatross expedition (Albatrossexpeditionen) was a Swedish oceanographic expedition that between July 4, 1947, and October 3, 1948, sailed around the world during 15 months covering 45 000 nautical miles. The expedition is considered the second largest Swedish research expedition after the Vega expedition. The expedition was very successful, received international attention, and is considered one of the important steps in the history of oceanography.

## The Albatross

The expedition was carried out on board the newly built training ship Albatross. The 70 meter long and 11 meter wide vessel was a combined motor and sailing vessel. The Boström line (Broströmskoncernen) had just built the student ship to train prospective ship's officers and this vessel with associated crew was lent to the expedition.
Since the Boström line lent the ship at almost no cost, the expedition could be financed and carried out with only private donations. The leader of the expedition was Swedish physicist and oceanographer Hans Pettersson.
The main task of the expedition was to take up to 20 m long sediment cores from the ocean floor. This was made using a newly developed corer, known as piston sampler, developed by Börje Kullenberg. Until then the longest cores that could be taken were 2 m.
The expedition also carried out the first seismic reflection measurements of the sediment thickness, using sink bombs. The results of the sediment studies were ground-breaking since they revealed that the sediment thickness increased away from the mid-oceanic ridges, along with the sediment accumulation time. This was one of several pieces of evidence that eventually led to the acceptance of the theory of plate tectonics. Apart from sediments, the expedition looked at biology. The first deep sea trawling, at 7 600-7 900 m depth, revealed that those depths were not the dead zone that previously had been the accepted view.
# Dunsany

Dunsany may refer to:
* Dunsany Castle and Demesne, County Meath, Ireland
* Baron of Dunsany, "Lord Dunsany" or "Dunsany", the holders of the Dunsany estate
* Dunsany, County Meath, a townland and hamlet, named for the adjacent castle and demesne
* Christopher Plunkett, 1st Baron of Dunsany (1410–1463), Irish peer
* Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, the writer and playwright "Lord Dunsany"
* Dunsany's Chess, an asymmetric variant of chess created by Lord Dunsany
* Horace Plunkett, first head of the Department of Agriculture in Ireland and the pioneer of the cooperative movement there
* Randal Plunkett, 21st Baron of Dunsany, rewilding advocate and film director
# NBA Development League Development Champion Award

NBA G League awards and honors :
Championship :
G League Trophy :
Individual awards :
Most Valuable Player
All-Star Game MVP
Impact Player of the Year
Rookie of the Year
Sportsmanship Award
Basketball Executive of the Year
Finals MVP
Defensive Player of the Year
Most Improved Player
Coach of the Year
Team Executive of the Year :
Honors :
All-NBA G League Team
All-Rookie Team
All-Defensive Team
Development Champion :
vte :
The NBA Development League's Development Champion honor was awarded annually to the NBA Development League (D-League) team that best embodies the league's goals of developing NBA basketball talent via call-ups and assignments. The Los Angeles D-Fenders were the inaugural winners in 2011–12.

## Winners

| Season | Team |
| 2011–12 | Los Angeles D-Fenders |
| 2012–13 | Rio Grande Valley Vipers |
| 2013–14 | Santa Cruz Warriors |
| 2014–15 | Fort Wayne Mad Ants |
# Der Kampf mit dem Drachen

"The Battle with the Dragon" ("Der Kampf mit dem Drachen") is a 300-verse ballad by Friedrich Schiller, divided into 25 stanzas of 12 verses each.
* This article related to a poem is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Der Kampf

Der Kampf (English: The Struggle) was a weekly newspaper published in Luxembourg by the Communist Party of Luxembourg between 1920 and 1922.
The newspapers had various subheadings over time, from Wochenschrift der Kommunisten Luxemburgs ("Weekly journal of the Communists of Luxembourg") in the first edition, to later Organ der Kommunistischen Partei Luxemburgs (Sektion der 3. Internationale) ("Organ of the Communist Party of Luxembourg [Part of the 3rd International]") in the 8th edition.
The first edition appeared on 18 November 1920. From 3 April 1921, the paper had a supplement, Der kommunistische Gewerkschaftler ("The communist trade unionist").
Due to the Communist Party's poor finances, the newspaper was shut down in 1922.
# Department of Defense Medical Examination Review Board

The Department of Defense Medical Examination Review Board (DoDMERB) is an element of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) which processes the medical components of admission for applicants to the United States Service Academies; Service Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) programs; the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS); and other officer accession programs as directed by the Department of Defense (DoD).
DoDMERB schedules, examines, evaluates the results of the medical exam and applicant medical history, and determines whether applicants meet or do not meet medical accession standards.
Applicants determined to not meet medical standards may be considered for a medical waiver from the specific program to which they've applied. Waivers are considered on a case-by-case basis under specific conditions, including cases where the applicant is competitive for an offer of appointment, awarded a scholarship, or meets particular performance standards in a campus-based ROTC program. The medical waiver authorities are designated by the Academies, ROTC programs, USUHS, and officer accession program headquarters. There may be different decisions by the different waiver authorities based on the "needs" of that Service/Program. A risk analysis is performed to determine if an applicant can safely and without exacerbating the disease, illness, condition, and/or injury, train, be commissioned, and be worldwide deployable without restriction, after graduation/initial training.)