OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Bolton

Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Bolton PC (24 July 1691 – 9 October 1759), known until 1754 as Lord Harry Powlett, was a British nobleman and Whig politician. He sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1754, when he took his seat in the House of Lords.

## Early life

Born the second son of Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton and Frances Ramsden, Powlett started his career in the Royal Navy. He served as an ADC to the Earl of Galway in Portugal in 1710, during the closing stages of the War of the Spanish Succession.

## Political career

Powlett was elected at the 1715 general election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for St Ives in Cornwall. He held the seat until the 1722 general election, when he was returned as MP for Hampshire. He held that seat until he succeeded to the peerage in 1754, with one interruption. At the 1734 general election he was returned both for Hampshire and for Yarmouth. A petition was lodged against the Hampshire result, and he sat for Yarmouth until 1737, when the petition against the Hampshire result was withdrawn, then chose to represent Hampshire rather than Yarmouth for the remainder of the Parliament.
He served as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Frederick, Prince of Wales from 1729 to 1751.
Powlett joined the Board of Admiralty in the Whig government in June 1733 and was advanced to Senior Naval Lord in March 1738 but had to stand down when the Government fell from power in March 1742. He went on to serve as Lieutenant of the Tower of London from 1742 to 1754 and was then sworn a Privy Counsellor in January 1755.
He succeeded his elder brother Charles Powlett, 3rd Duke of Bolton to the dukedom in 1754. He died on 9 October 1759 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles.

## Family

Powlett married Catherine Parry (d. 25 April 1744), by whom he had four children:
* Charles Powlett, 5th Duke of Bolton (d. 1765)
* Harry Powlett, 6th Duke of Bolton (1720–1794)
* Lady Henrietta Powlett (d. 22 December 1753), married on 12 July 1741 Robert Colebrooke of Chilham Castle (d. 1784), no issue
* Lady Catherine Powlett (d. 1775), married firstly William Ashe, secondly in 1734 Adam Drummond of Megginch (d. 1786), without issue by either.
The Duke of Bolton's properties included Hackwood Park in Hampshire, Bolton Hall, North Yorkshire, Edington in Wiltshire and Hooke Court in Dorset.
# Amruthalur mandal

Amruthalur is a mandal in the Bapatla district in the Coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh, India. Its headquarters are at Amruthalur.

## Demographics

Religions in Amruthalur mandal (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 94.58% | 94.58% |
| Islam | Islam | 4.06% | 4.06% |
| Christianity | Christianity | 0.97% | 0.97% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.39% | 0.39% |
| Distribution of religions |||||
As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 44,713 in 13207 households. The total population constitute, 22,123 males and 22,590 females — a sex ratio of 1021 females per 1000 males. 3,695 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 1,912 are boys and 1,783 are girls — a sex ratio of 933 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 72.65% with 29,801 literates. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 20,576 (46.02%) and 1,948 (4.36%) of the population respectively.
Languages of Amruthalur mandal (2011)
At the time of the 2011 census, 96.48% of the population spoke Telugu and 3.27% Urdu as their first language.
# 2018 Bengaluru Open

The 2018 Bengaluru Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Bangalore, India from 12 to 17 November 2018.

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| MDA | Radu Albot | 100 | 1 |
| ARG | Marco Trungelliti | 121 | 2 |
| SWE | Elias Ymer | 130 | 3 |
| IND | Prajnesh Gunneswaran | 141 | 4 |
| AUS | Marc Polmans | 142 | 5 |
| FRA | Quentin Halys | 145 | 6 |
| GBR | Jay Clarke | 174 | 7 |
| CAN | Filip Peliwo | 181 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings are as of 5 November 2018.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Adil Kalyanpur
* Saketh Myneni
* Sumit Nagal
* Suraj Prabodh
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Sebastian Fanselow
* Youssef Hossam
* Sasikumar Mukund
* Zsombor Piros
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
* Zizou Bergs

## Champions
### Singles

* Prajnesh Gunneswaran def. Saketh Myneni 6–2, 6–2.

### Doubles

* Max Purcell / Luke Saville def. Purav Raja / Antonio Šančić 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–3.
# 2nd Central Committee

2nd Central Committee may refer to:
* Central Committee of the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, 1903–1905
* 2nd Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, 1922–1923
* 2nd Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba, 1980–1986
* 2nd Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, 1972–1982
* 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Vietnam, 1951–1960
* Central Committee of the 2nd Congress of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, 1920–1926
* 2nd Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, 1948–1956
# Indoramin

Indoramin (trade names Baratol and Doralese) is a piperidine antiadrenergic agent.
It is an alpha-1 selective adrenoceptor antagonist with direct myocardial depression action; therefore, it results in no reflex tachycardia. It is also used in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
It is commonly synthesized from tryptophol.

## Dosage

Indoramin is commonly prescribed as 20 mg tablets when used in BPH.

## Side Effects

Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, nasal congestion, headache, fatigue, weight gain, hypotension, postural hypotension, depression, problems with ejaculation, diarrhoea, nausea, increased need to pass urine, and palpitations.

## Synthesis

Tryptamine and serotonin are naturally occurring indole ethylamino compounds with pronounced pharmacological activities. They have served as the inspiration for synthesis of numerous analogues.
One such study involved alkylation of 4-benzamidopyridine (2) with a bromoethyy compound (1) derived from tryptophol, to give a quaternary pyridinium salt (3); this intermediate was in turn hydrogenated with a Raney nickel catalyst to give indoramine.

## Product withdrawal

On May 31, 2013, the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) concluded that the benefit/risk ratio of this product was unfavorable and withdrew Vidora's marketing authorization and recalled its batches from the market on June 3, 2013.
# 1991 Skate America

The 1991 Skate America was held at the Oakland Coliseum Arena in Oakland, California. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

## Results
### Men

| Rank | Name | Nation |
| 1 | Christopher Bowman | United States |
| 2 | Petr Barna | Czechoslovakia |
| 3 | Todd Eldredge | United States |
| 4 | Michael Chack | United States |
| 5 | Éric Millot | France |
| 6 | Viacheslav Zagorodniuk | Soviet Union |
| 7 | Steven Cousins | United Kingdom |
| 8 | Mirko Eichhorn | Germany |
| 9 | Fumihiro Oikawa | Japan |
| 10 | Michael Slipchuk | Canada |

### Ladies

Harding performed a triple axel in her short program and free skating. She became the first woman to land the triple axel in the short program in major international competition.
| Rank | Name | Nation |
| 1 | Tonya Harding | United States |
| 2 | Kristi Yamaguchi | United States |
| 3 | Surya Bonaly | France |
| 4 | Chen Lu | China |
| 5 | Natalia Gorbenko | Soviet Union |
| 6 | Tisha Walker | United States |
| 7 | Patricia Neske | Germany |
| 8 | Junko Yaginuma | Japan |
| 9 | Josée Chouinard | Canada |
| 10 | Nathalie Krieg | Switzerland |

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Nation |
| 1 | Calla Urbanski / Rocky Marval | United States |
| 2 | Elena Nikonova / Nikolai Apter | Soviet Union |
| 3 | Peggy Schwarz / Alexander König | Germany |
| 4 | Elena Leonova / Sergey Petrovskiy | Soviet Union |
| 5 | Jennifer Huerlin / John Fredericksen | United States |
| 6 | Natasha Kuchiki / Todd Sand | United States |
| 7 | Marie-Claude Savard-Gagnon / Luc Bradet | Canada |
| 8 | Cheryl Peake / Andrew Naylor | United Kingdom |
| 9 | Penny Papaioannou / Raoul Leblanc | Canada |
| 10 | Anna Tabacchi / Massimo Salvade | Italy |

### Ice dancing

| Rank | Name | Nation |
| 1 | Tatiana Navka / Samvel Gezalian | Soviet Union |
| 2 | Susanna Rahkamo / Petri Kokko | Finland |
| 3 | Dominique Yvon / Frédéric Palluel | France |
| 4 | Elizabeth Punsalan / Jerod Swallow | United States |
| 5 | Jacqueline Petr / Mark Janoschak | Canada |
| 6 | Rachel Mayer / Peter Breen | United States |
| 7 | Regina Woodward / Csaba Szentpéteri | Hungary |
| 8 | Anna Croci / Luca Mantovani | Italy |
| 9 | Beth Buhl / Neale Smull | United States |
| 10 | Ayako Higashino / Tatsuro Matsumura | Japan |
# Moel Arthur

Moel Arthur ("Arthur's Hill") is an Iron Age hillfort in Flintshire, Wales, at the boundary with Denbighshire, about 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Denbigh.
It is on a prominent hill, height 455.8 metres (1,495 ft), in the Clwydian Range; it overlooks the Vale of Clwyd to the west. Offa's Dyke Path skirts the hill. It is about 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of the hillfort of Penycloddiau.

## Description

The oval fort is about 160 metres (520 ft) north–south and 140 metres (460 ft) east–west, enclosing an area of 1.8 hectares (4.4 acres). There are two large banks and ditches to the north, where the hill slope is not steep; above the steep south-west, south and east slopes there is a single bank. At the north-east, at the edge of the steeper slopes, there is a narrow inturned entrance with an oblique approach. The form of entrance, and the simple plan of the fort, suggest that it is an early example.
Within the fortifications, there is a rounded summit. In the north and east of the interior there is a broad terrace, and building platforms have been found.
There was excavation in 1849 by Wynne Ffoulkes. He found "coarse red Roman pottery" which has not been preserved; it is not known if it was Roman, which would suggest occupation into the Roman period, or prehistoric. He found traces of a drystone construction, destroyed during the excavation, near the south of the entrance. In 1962, three copper Bronze Age axes were found within the defences.
# Harvest (Richard Davis album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| DownBeat | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
Harvest is an album by bassist Richard Davis recorded in 1977 but not released on the Muse label until 1979.

## Reception

Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars calling it "Most interesting listening for the adventurous jazz lover".

## Track listing

All compositions by Bill Lee and Richard Davis except as indicated
* "Forest Flower" (Charles Lloyd) - 4:58
* "This Masquerade" (Leon Russell) - 6:30
* "Half Pass" - 4:13
* "Three Flowers" (McCoy Tyner) - 1:55
* "Windflower" (Sara Casey) - 7:19
* "Passion Flower" (Billy Strayhorn) - 4:19
* "A Third Away" - 4:33
* "Take the "A" Train" (Strayhorn) - 3:10
* "Forest Flower (Reprise)" (Lloyd) - 1:57

## Personnel

* Richard Davis - bass
* James Spaulding - alto saxophone (tracks 5-8)
* Ted Dunbar - guitar (tracks 1-3, 5 & 6)
* Consuela Moore - piano (tracks 1-6 & 9)
* Bill Lee - bass (tracks 1-6 & 8)
* Billy Hart (tracks 5-8), Freddie Waits (tracks 1-3, 5 & 6) - drums
# Duane (surname)

Duane is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:
* Anthony Duane (1679–1747), Irish born American settler, father of James Duane
* Diane Duane (born 1952), American science fiction and fantasy author
* James Duane (1733–1797), American lawyer, jurist, Continental Congressman, Revolutionary leader, and Mayor of New York City
* James Joseph Duane (born 1959), American legal academic
* James Chatham Duane (1824–1897), American engineering officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War
* Michael Duane (1915–1997), Irish-born British progressive educationalist and headteacher
* Ronnie Duane, rugby league footballer of the 1980s and 1990s
* Thomas Duane (born 1955), American member of the New York State Senate
* William Duane (physicist) (1872–1935), American physicist
* William John Duane (1780–1865), Irish born American politician and lawyer
# Indore, West Virginia

Indore is an unincorporated community in Clay County, West Virginia, United States. Indore is located on West Virginia Route 16, 8 miles (13 km) south-southwest of Clay. Indore has a post office with ZIP code 25111.
The community derives its name from Endor, a place mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.
# Mohan Kumar Raja

Mohan Kumar Raja (born 14 December 1996) is an Indian sprinter who was part of India's six-member 4 × 400 metres relay team at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada

Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada (27 February 1809 – 2 December 1879) was a Spanish soldier and politician. He served as the governor-general of the Philippines from 1869 to 1871, and is considered one of the most beloved Spanish governors-general assigned to the Philippines.

## Biography

A Carlist army officer, he was sent from Spain by Francisco Serrano after the ouster of Queen Isabel II as a result of the La Gloriosa revolution. He was considered a liberal Spaniard who practiced the liberal and democratic principles for imposing liberal laws. He wanted to have the bronze statue of Isabel II, first unveiled in 1860, melted so that it would be put to better use. However, the Manila City Council saved it by declaring the statue municipal property.
He established the Guardia Civil in the Philippines and gave amnesty to rebels, of which the most prominent was Casimiro Camerino (El tulisán), the leader of bandits in Cavite. He organized the bandits given amnesty into an auxiliary force of the Guardia Civil. He abolished flogging, relaxed media censorship, and began limited secularization of education. He was also very close to the ilustrados, a group of Filipinos who understood the situation of the Philippines under Spanish rule. His supporters had done a Liberal Parade in front of the Malacañan Palace.
Only two weeks after the arrival of de la Torre as governor-general, Burgos and Joaquín Pardo de Tavera led a demonstration at the Plaza de Santa Potenciana. Among the demonstrators were José Icaza, Jácobo Zobel, Ignacio Rocha, Manuel Genato, and Máximo Paterno. The cry was "Viva Filipinas para los Filipinos!". In November 1870, a student movement, denounced as a riot or motín, at the University of Santo Tomas formed a committee to demand reforms on the school and its curricula. It later announced support of Philippine autonomy and recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain. The committee was headed by Felipe Buencamino.
De la Torre was single and he had a mistress who had great influence on him. His mistress, Maria del Rosario Gil de Montes de Sanchiz, flared up friar opposition because of many reasons. One of the reasons was she authored a book entitled El Hombre de Dios. It was criticized because a woman wrote it.
Another is during a festivity in Malacañang Palace that was mainly attended by Philippine creoles, who are now definitely called Filipinos. She arrived at the place wearing a ribbon which said Viva la Libertad (English: Long live liberty) and Viva el Pueblo Soberano (English: Long live the sovereign nation).
In March 1872, de la Torre wrote to Madrid concerning his decision to get relieved from his post. However, his patron in Spain was assassinated the previous month and orders for his relief was given nine days before his letter was written. He was succeeded by Governor-General Rafael de Izquierdo, who was described as the opposite of his liberal-mindedness.
# Irena Salina

Irena Salina (born 8 July 1978) was born in Paris and acted in French theatre. She moved to New York City and studied at the Actors Studio. Her first short film, See You on Monday, screened at the Hamptons International Film Festival. She is the niece of actor Philippe Noiret.
Ghost Bird: The Life and Art of Judith Deim (2000), her first documentary film feature, played a number of festivals, winning the Best Documentary Award at the Fort Lauderdale Film Festival and the President's Award at the Ajijic International Film Festival. Her films are also shown on the Sundance Channel.
She is also the director of Flow: For Love of Water (2008), a documentary about the world water crisis.
# Malojiraje Chhatrapati

Malojiraje Chhatrapati (also known as Chhatrapati Malojiraje Shahu) is an Indian politician and a former member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly. He is the secretary of All India Shri Shivaji Memorial Society.

## Biography

Malojiraje Chhatrapati belongs to the Kolhapur royal family, and is a descendant of the Shahu of Kolhapur. In 2004, he entered the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly with a ticket from Indian National Congress, defeating the Shiv Sena. He participated in the 2009 elections and lost to Rajesh Vinayakrao Kshirsagar which made him to ignore politics. The Congress offered him ticket to contest the Maharashtra assembly elections again in 2014, however, he was seen writing a letter to Manikrao Thakre, the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee stating that he has been very less active in politics. Earlier, he had led the party at a municipal corporation level.
In January 2021, Chhatrapati re-entered the politics again and participated in the Kolhapur Municipal Corporation elections. He is the secretary of Pune-based All India Chhatrapati Shivaji Memorial Society.
On 2 September 2022, Chhatrapati was elected as a member of the executive committee of the All India Football Federation.
# Amyna apicalis

Amyna apicalis is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Queensland.
# Marumakal

Marumakal (transl. Daughter-in-law) is a 1952 Indian Malayalam-language family drama film directed by M. K. Chari, written by Kedamangalam Sadanandan and produced by Paul Kallungal. The film marks the onscreen debut of Prem Nazir, who played the lead role, and also features Kedamangalam Sadanandan, T. S. Muthaiah, S. J. Dev, Neyyattinkara Komalam, Revathi, Ammini, S. V. Susheela, Vijayalakshmi and Durga Varma in other prominent roles.

## Cast

* Prem Nazir (credited as Abdul Khader)
* Kedamangalam Sadanandan
* T. S. Muthaiah
* S. J. Dev
* Neyyattinkara Komalam

## Box office

The film was commercial success.
# Independencia metro station (Guadalajara)

The Independencia railway station is part of the Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano in the Mexican state of Jalisco.
* This Mexico rail-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Dipterocarpus cornutus

Dipterocarpus cornutus is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae native to peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Sumatra and Kalimantan. Reaching heights of up to 50 meters tall, it is known for having large leaves. Its flowers are around 4 cm in diameter and of a pale yellow colouration. It drops seeds with green holes in the middle.
# Intelsat IV F-8

Intelsat IV F-8 was a geostationary communication satellite built by Hughes, it was owned by Intelsat. The satellite was based on the HS-312 platform and its estimated useful life was 7 years.

## History

The Intelsat IV F-8 was part of the Intelsat IV series which consisted of eight communications satellites, launched from Cape Canaveral during the early 1970s, marked the fifth generation of geostationary communications satellites developed by the Hughes Aircraft Company since 1963 with the launch of Syncom II, the world's first synchronous satellite. The Syncom II was 15 cm high and 28 inches in diameter, weighing 78 pounds in orbit. In contrast, the Intelsat IVs weighed more than 1,300 pounds (590 kg) into orbit and were more than 17 feet (5.2 meters) in diameter. All seven satellites exceeded their projected life expectancies and were withdrawn from active duty, the last of which, the Intelsat IV F-1 was retired in October 1987.
The satellite was equipped with 12 C-band transponders. It had 6,000 two-way relay phone calls or broadcast 12 concurrent color television programs or mixed combinations of communications traffic including data and fax.
The satellite had 12 channels of broadband communication. Each channel had a bandwidth of 40 MHz and provided about 500 communication circuits.

## Launch

The satellite was successfully launched into space on November 21, 1974, at 23:43 UTC, by means of an Atlas-Centaur vehicle from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, United States. It had a launch mass of 1,414 kg.
# Grietje

Grietje is a Dutch feminine given name. It is a short form and diminutive of Margaretha. It was a common name, but its use has declined steadily since about 1900. The fairy tale Hansel and Gretel is called Hans en Grietje in Dutch. People with the name include:
* Grietje "Gré" de Jongh (1924–2002), Dutch sprinter
* Grietje Terburg Rowley (1927–2015), American Latter-day Saint hymn writer
* Grietje "Gretha" Smit (born 1976), Dutch speed skater
* Grietje Staffelt (born 1975), German politician
* Griet Van Vaerenbergh (born 1982), Belgian volleyball player
* Grietje Vanderheijden (born 1978), Belgian actress
* Grietje Zelle (1876–1917), Dutch exotic dancer and courtesan better known as Mata Hari
# Indiana Forest Alliance

The Indiana Forest Alliance (IFA) is a non-profit environmental group based in Indianapolis, IN. The IFA focuses on issues pertaining to the forests of the state of Indiana, particularly the preservation, longevity, and health of native forests. Their stated official mission is: "(t)o preserve and restore Indiana’s native hardwood ecosystem for the enjoyment of all."

## History

Founded in 1996, the Indiana Forest Alliance formed as a coalition of seven groups to coordinate efforts in protecting the Hoosier National Forest and various state forests. The IFA had their main office in Bloomington, IN until the summer of 2016, when they moved their office to Indianapolis, IN.

## Initiatives

In 2017-2018, the IFA has focused on a variety of initiatives including: the protection of the Yellowwood Backcountry Area (BCA) in Brown County, IN, the Wild Indiana Campaign promoting the designation of wild areas within Indiana state forests throughout the state, and surveying and inventorying the flora and fauna of Indiana forests.

## Awards

On December 2, 2017 IFA was awarded the Organization of the Year from the Hoosier Environmental Council.

## Criticism

Some criticize the IFA's efforts, arguing that logging and removing trees is necessary for forest health. Revenue from timber sales are also pointed to as a solution the Indiana Division of Forestry's declining budget and could potentially allow the Division of Forestry to increase the amount of forests through purchasing adjacent private lands. The Division of Forestry also points out that the state forests in Indiana exist partly to serve as a source of commodities for the state. Moreover, the Division of Forestry is required by Indiana state law to log timber in state forests that has worthy commercial value.