OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ira Shor

Ira Shor (born June 2, 1945) is a professor at the College of Staten Island, City University of New York, where he teaches composition and rhetoric. He is also doctoral faculty in the PhD Program in English at The Graduate Center, CUNY.

## Biography

Shor grew up in the working class area in the South Bronx of New York City. Shor has stated that coming from a working-class area had a powerful influence on his thinking, politics and feelings.

## Personal life

Shor has one son, Paulo Shor, whom he named after his main influence Paulo Freire.

## Theoretical Contribution

In collaboration with Paulo Freire, he has been one of the leading exponents of critical pedagogy. Together they co-wrote A Pedagogy for Liberation.

## Works

* Critical Teaching and Everyday Life (1980)
* Culture Wars: School and Society in the Conservative Restoration (1986)
* A Pedagogy for Liberation, with Paulo Freire (1987)
* Freire for the Classroom: A Sourcebook for Liberatory Teaching (1987)
* Empowering Education (1992)
* When Students have Power: Negotiating Authority in a Critical Pedagogy (1996)
* Critical Literacy in Action (1999)
* Education is Politics (1999)
# Lady Lake, Saskatchewan

Lady Lake is a hamlet in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is on Highway 9 and on the banks of the Lilian River. Lady Lake Regional Park is about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the west.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Lady Lake had a population of 20 living in 7 of its 9 total private dwellings, a change of 100% from its 2016 population of 10. With a land area of 0.34 km$^2$ (0.13 sq mi), it had a population density of 58.8/km$^2$ (152.4/sq mi) in 2021.
# Diego Thomas de Santuchos

Diego Thomas de Santuchos (1549–1624) was a Spanish Nobleman, Conquistador of Asunción and Santa Fe during the Viceroyalty of Peru.

## Biography

Diego Thomas de Santuchos was born in Zaragoza, was married to Catalina Correa de Santa Ana (born in Andalucia). Santuchos and his wife arrived at the Rio de la Plata in the expedition of Juan Ortiz de Zárate.
Diego Tómas de Santuchos, was Lieutenant governor of Santa Fe, died on October 29, 1624.
# Großniedesheim

Großniedesheim is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Politics
### Municipal Council

| Municipal Council 2014 ||||||
| Party | Votes | Seats |
| SPD | 63.8% | 10 |
| CDU | 9.6% | 2 |
| FWG | 26.6% | 4 |
| Voter Participation: 67.4% ||||||

### Mayor

The mayor of Großniedesheim is Michael Walther (SPD).
# Arthur Hendryckx

Arthur Hendryckx (26 June 1891 – 1977) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1924 Tour de France.
# Lalam, Kottayam

Lalam is a village in Kottayam district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Lalam had a population of 8571 with 4306 males and 4265 females.
# Amblyrhynchotes rufopunctatus

Amblyrhynchotes rufopunctatus is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It has been reported only from the South China Sea, and it is of uncertain status, with FishBase and the Catalogue of Life both stating that confirmation work is required to determine its existence as a species.
# Michael Patella

Father Michael Patella, OSB, is a monk of Saint John's Abbey, an author, theologian, and professor of theology at Saint John's University in Minnesota, United States.
He studied at the Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome and at the École biblique et archéologique française de Jérusalem, Israel.

## Sources

* St John's University
# Château de Saint-Félix-Lauragais

The Château de Saint-Félix-Lauragais is a castle in the commune of Saint-Félix-Lauragais in the Haute-Garonne département of France.
The castle was originally constructed in the 11th century. The first Synod of the Cathar church, known as the Council of Saint-Félix was held there in 1167. In the 14th century, the castle was transformed into a country house by a brother of Pope John XXII. The complex includes buildings from the 13th to the 18th centuries.
Since its founding, it had always been privately owned. However, in early 2012 the then owners agreed to sell the château to a family who intended to restore it into a family home. Only a small portion of it was habitable and it was estimated that 2,850,000 € would be required to make it fully so. In late August 2012, the commune of St-Felix-Lauragais, at the request of the mayor André Rey, intervened in the purchase and compulsorily acquired the château at a cost of 1,240,000 €. Despite the economic crisis affecting France at the time, it is not known how the commune will raise the almost 3,000,000 € needed to make the building safe for the public to use and visit. The mayor simply noted "mais le financement est compliqué" (the financing is complicated). At the time, according to the town hall, the commune had a population of only 1,373.
It has been listed since 1994 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
# Ira Schuster

Ira Schuster (October 13, 1889 – October 10, 1946) was an American songwriter, who worked as a pianist at various publishing companies on Tin Pan Alley in the early 20th century. He was also known as John Siras.

## Biography

He was born in New York City on October 13, 1889, to Sarah and Morris Schuster. His father was from Germany and his mother from England. He had a brother, Joseph Schuster (vaudeville). Schuster married Minnie and had two children, Wallace Schuster and Phoebe Schuster.
Schuster collaborated with other notable songwriters of the time, and had a string of hits in the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s. Schuster was also one of the first songwriters to form his own publishing company. His best known songs include "Hold Me," "In a Shanty in Old Shanty Town," "Ten Little Fingers and Ten Little Toes," "I Am an American," "Go Home and Tell Your Mother," "Any Day Now," "I'm Alone Because I Love You" and "Let’s Grow Old Together."
Schuster died in New York, aged 55, in October 1946.

## Legacy

He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.

## Songs

* A Shanty in Old Shanty Town (1932)
# Lamberville, Manche

Lamberville (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in north-western France.
# Jess Heiges

Jesse Shearer Heiges (October 6, 1871 – January 17, 1955) was an American college football coach and college administrator. He served as the head football coach at Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania—then known as Shippensburg Normal College—in 1894. He was also the school's first dean of instruction, from 1901 to 1934.
# BA-I

The BA-I (sometimes BAI) is a Soviet three-axle armoured car. Only 82 vehicles of this type were built in 1932–1934, nevertheless the design initiated a series of heavy armoured cars of Izhorskij plant: BA-3, BA-6, BA-9, and BA-10. Some vehicles were used in World War II, despite being obsolete at the time.

## Background

In 1931, the first Soviet 6x4 chassis was created, a design based on adding Timken tandem rear axles to the American Ford AA chassis, and because of that called Ford-Timken. This immediately initiated the development of armoured cars. By the end of the year assembly was taking place at the plant "Gudok Oktyabrya" in Kanavin, near Nizhniy Novgorod. In autumn of the same year at the Repair Base of Nº2 in Moscow hull from the BA-27 armoured car was first attached to the new chassis. About 20 such cars were built, having the designation BA-27M. At the same time, and with the same chassis, but at the Izhorskij plant, several dozen D-13 armoured cars were built, developed by N. I. Dyrenkov.
In 1932, engineer P. N. Syachentov, known for his development of the artillery, designed the universal armoured car BAD-2, which was both amphibious and capable of driving the railroad track. A single copy was built, but not accepted for manufacturing.

## Design

In 1932, at the Izhorskij plant, the armoured car BA-I (I stands for Izhorskij) was developed by A. D. Kuzmin. In some publications the name of this machine is written together - BAI. It used the same triaxial Ford-Timken chassis as its predecessors.
The hull was welded together - an advanced technology for the time. Due to the "stepped" form of the roof on the hull it was possible to place turret lower, substantially reducing the overall height of combat vehicle. In the cylindrical welded turret, there was a 37 mm gun with 34 rounds (similarly to earlier BA-27 armored car), and a DT machine gun on a separate ball mount. The second DT was placed in the frontal sheet to the right of the driver. There were doors in the hull and in the rear for crew evacuation.
An interesting idea that was borrowed from the earlier D-13 armoured car was mounting of spare wheels just next to the front wheels and only slightly higher. These helped when crossing trenches and rugged terrain. An innovation was the possibility to convert vehicle to a half-track by fitting auxiliary ("Overall") tracks to the rear pair of dual tandem wheels. Additionally some vehicles were equipped with radio. All three of these ideas were subsequently used in all succeeding designs, including the BA-10.
A version has been developed using an improved GAZ-AAA chassis. Also a prototype railway BA-IZD variant was created, but was not accepted for production.
# Glen Albyn distillery

Glen Albyn distillery was a Highland single malt Scotch whisky distillery in Inverness, Scotland.
It operated from 1846 to 1983. Glen Albyn whiskey brand was relaunched in 2022.

## History

Glen Albyn distillery was founded in 1846 by James Sutherland, who was Provost of Inverness at the time.
Glen Albyn was closed by The Distillers Company in 1983 and was demolished in 1988.
Glen Albyn whisky brand was relaunched in December 2022 and its honorary president is Lord French, Baron de Freyne. The previous brand owner was the global multinational Diageo which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange with assets of $49 billion.

## Collectable Bottles

For much of its history most of Glen Albyn's produce was used for other blends so its single malt bottlings are very rare. As a result of this, it sells at international auction houses such as Sotheby's, Christie's, and Bonhams with individual bottles often fetching up to $4000 each.
In July 2022 a rare bottling of Glen Albyn from 1852 sold for a price of $132,000 to an anonymous American collector. It was signed by prime minister Benjamin Disraeli.
# Drežnik Podokićki

Drežnik Podokićki is a settlement (naselje) in the Samobor administrative territory of Zagreb County, Croatia. As of 2011 it had a population of 253 people.
# Michael Waxman

Michael Waxman is American director and producer of film and television. He is best known for his collaborations with film director Michael Mann, as well as for directing episodes of: Friday Night Lights, Trauma, The Event and Prime Suspect.

## Life and career

Waxman was raised in Brooklyn, New York and is a graduate of Brooklyn College.
In film, he worked as an assistant director for every film directed by Michael Mann, dating back to Manhunter (1986).
His other film credits as an assistant director include When Harry Met Sally... (1989), Drop Dead Fred (1991), Highway to Hell (1992), Rudy (1993), Monkey Trouble (1994) and producing and assistant directing the films A Low Down Dirty Shame (1994). Celtic Pride (1996) and Metro (1997).
In 2006, Waxman became an assistant director on the television series Friday Nights Lights. He made the head directorial debut of his career on that series in 2008 going on to direct eleven episodes including the series finale. In 2011, he was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for his work on the series as a producer.
His other television directing credits include Trauma, Parenthood, Breakout Kings, The Event, Prime Suspect, Awake, Grimm, Once Upon a Time, 12 Monkeys and Chicago Med.

## Personal life

Waxman met his wife Linda on set of the film Manhunter. They married in 1988.
# Double mass analysis

Double mass analysis is a simple graphical method to evaluate the consistency of hydrological data. The DM approach plots the cumulative data of one variable against the cumulative data of a second variable. A break in the slope of a linear function fit to the data is thought to represent a change in the relation between the variables. This approach provides a robust method to determine a change in the behavior of precipitation and recharge in a simple graphical method. It is a commonly used data analysis approach for investigating the behaviour of records made of hydrological or meteorological data at a number of locations. It is used to determine whether there is a need for corrections to the data - to account for changes in data collection procedures or other local conditions. Such changes may result from a variety of things including changes in instrumentation, changes in observation procedures, or changes in gauge location or surrounding conditions. Double mass analysis for checking consistency of a hydrological or meteorological record is considered to be an essential tool before taking it for analysis purpose. This method is based on the hypothesis that each item of the recorded data of a population is consistent.
An example of a double mass analysis is a "double mass plot", or "double mass curve". For this, points and/or a joining line are plotted where the x- and y- coordinates are determined by the running totals of the values observed at two stations. If both stations are affected to the same extent by the same trends then a double mass curve should follow a straight line. A break in the slope of the curve would indicate that conditions have changed at one location but not at another. Breaks in the double-mass curve of such variables are caused by changes in the relation between the variables. These changes may be due to changes in the method of data collection or to physical changes that affect the relation. This technique is based on the principle that when each recorded data comes from the same parent population, they are consistent.

## Procedure

Let $(x_{i},y_{i})$ be the data points then the procedure for double mass analysis is as follows;
* Divide the data into $n_{i}$ distinct categories of equal slope ($S_{i}$).
* Obtain correction factor for category $n_{i+1}$ as; $c_{i}={\frac {S_{i}}{S_{i+1}}}$
* Multiply $n_{i+1}$ category with $c_{i}$ to get corrected data.
* After correction, repeat this process until all data points have the same slope.
# ADP-sugar diphosphatase

In enzymology, an ADP-sugar diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    ADP-sugar + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ AMP + alpha-D-aldose 1-phosphate
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ADP-sugar and H$_2$O, whereas its two products are AMP and alpha-D-aldose 1-phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ADP-sugar sugarphosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include ADP-sugar pyrophosphatase, and adenosine diphosphosugar pyrophosphatase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: fructose and mannose metabolism, purine metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism.
# Lambert Heinrich von Babo

Lambert Heinrich Joseph Anton Konrad Freiherr von Babo (25 November 1818 – 15 April 1899) was a German chemist.

## Life

Babo was the son of the agronomist Lambert Joseph von Babo and his first wife Karoline Ehrmann. The oenologist August Wilhelm von Babo was his half-brother. After graduating from high school Babo studied medicine at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich and received a doctorate in 1842 from Heidelberg. In the following year he began studying chemistry under Justus von Liebig at Gießen receiving his habilitation in 1845 from Freiburg im Breisgau.
On 6 September 1847 he married Elise Baumgärtner in Freiburg and had a daughter and two sons.
He became a Privatdozent at the University of Freiburg außerordentlicher Professor in 1854 and ordentlicher Professor in 1859. As such, he was also appointed an expert for the Grand Ducal courts.

## Work

Babo determined vapor pressure of water, called von Babo's law. He also developed the Babo funnel for heating glass flasks, named after him. This consists of an inverted cone stump made from sheet steel with asbestos strips arranged radially on the inside wall.

## Publications

* Arsen in Vergiftungsfälle (1844)
* Zentrifugalkraft (1852)
# Diercks

Diercks is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carsten Diercks (1921–2009), German documentary filmmaker
* Friedrich Diercks (1796–1848), German-born American settler
* Grete Diercks (1890–1978), German actress
* John Diercks (1927–2020), American composer
* Justin Diercks (born 1980), American stock car racing driver
* Ross Diercks (born 1957), American politician
# Oregon Legislative Counsel

The Office of the Oregon Legislative Counsel is a government agency in the U.S. state of Oregon. The office was established in 1953, primarily to offer legal services to the members and committees of the Oregon Legislative Assembly.
The office drafts legislation, conducts legal research, writes opinions, compiles and publishes session laws and the Oregon Revised Statutes, and reviews administrative rules submitted by agencies of the executive branch of the government of Oregon. It also assists the Oregon Law Commission in revising, reforming, and improving the law.
The Legislative Counsel Committee, composed of members of both the Oregon State Senate and the Oregon House of Representatives, oversees the office. Dexter Johnson is the current Legislative Counsel, serving as the chief executive of the office.
# Arån

Arån is a river in Sweden.
# Laetilia coccidivora

Laetilia coccidivora, the scale-feeding snout moth, is a species of snout moth in the genus Laetilia. It was described by John Henry Comstock in 1879.
It is found in the southern United States, including California, Florida, Maryland, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas and West Virginia.
The wingspan is 10–17 mm.
The larvae are predatory on Coccidae species. They feed on the eggs and young. It uses carminic acid, acquired from its prey, as a defence against its own predators.
# Ameniamima

Ameniamima is a subgenus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Rutilia argentifera Bigot, 1874
* Rutilia cingulata (Malloch, 1930)
* Rutilia quadripunctata (Malloch, 1930)

## Distribution

Australia.
# Ifs, Calvados

Ifs (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

## Administration
### Mayors of Ifs

| From | To | Name | Party |
| 2001 | 2008 | Raymond Slama | PS |
| 2008 | 2014 | Jean-Paul Gauchard | DVG |
| 2014 | Current | Michel Patard-Legendre | LR |

## International relations

Ifs is twinned with:
* Ilfracombe, Devon, England
* Niederwerrn, Germany

## Notable people

* Robert Tournières (1668-1752), portrait painter, pupil of Hyacinthe Rigaud
* Sabine Devieilhe (b. 1985), operatic soprano
# Nesta Davies

Nesta Davies is a British retired figure skater who competed in ice dance.
With partner Paul Thomas, she won silver at the third-ever World Championships in ice dancing in 1954.

## Competitive highlights

With Paul Thomas
| Соревнования/Сезоны | 1953 | 1954 |
| World Championships | 4th | 2nd |
| European Championships | | 2nd |
# Hindley Town Hall

Hindley Town Hall, also known as Hindley Council Offices, is a municipal building in Cross Street, Hindley, Greater Manchester, England. The building is currently used by Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council for the delivery of local health and social care services.

## History

After significant industrial growth in the mid-19th century, largely associated with the coal mining industry, a local board of health was formed under the leadership of a local merchant, Richard Pennington, in 1867. By the early 1880s, the council had established its offices in Cross Street. Hindley became an urban district in 1894 and, in this context, civic leaders decided to demolish the existing offices and build a new structure on the same site.
The building was designed by Heaton, Ralph and Heaton in the Queen Anne Revival style, built in red brick with ashlar stone dressings and was completed in 1903. The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of three bays on the corner of Wigan Road and Cross Street. The central bay featured a doorway flanked by brick pilasters supporting a stone hood mould. The hood mould was broken by three brackets supporting a stone panel which was inscribed with the words "Council Offices". There was a round headed window with a curved fanlight on the first floor. The central bay was flanked by pairs of banded Ionic order pilasters supporting a modillioned pediment. The outer bays were fenestrated on the ground floor by segmental headed windows with hood moulds. The hood moulds were broken by brackets supporting the oriel windows which fenestrated the first floor. At roof level, there was a parapet. Internally, the principal room was the council chamber which hosted monthly meetings of the urban district council. Although the stone panel described the building as "Council Offices", it was also known as the "Town Hall" from an early stage.
The building continued to serve as the offices of Hindley Urban District Council for much of the 20th century, but ceased to be the local seat of government when Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council was formed in 1974. It was subsequently used by Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council for the delivery of local services. In September 2016, the council announced that 1,000 staff from the council, from Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust and from Bridgewater Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust would co-locate in the building to achieve better co-ordination of the delivery of health and social care services in the area.