OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1863 in France

Events from the year 1863 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Napoleon III

## Events

* 15 January - French forces bombard Veracruz, during the French intervention in Mexico.
* 16 March - French siege of Puebla begins.
* 14 April - Treaty of Hué is signed between Vietnam and the French Empire.
* 30 April - Battle of Camarón, between the French Foreign Legion and the Mexican army: Mexican victory, but successful French delaying action.
* 17 May - Puebla surrenders to the French.
* 7 June - French troops enter Mexico City.
* 21–22 June - Legislative election, first round.
* 5–6 July - Legislative election, second round.
* First outbreak of phylloxera on the European mainland observed in the vineyards of the southern Rhône region.
* The recipe for the herbal liqueur Bénédictine is devised by Alexandre Le Grand in Fécamp.
* The Paris Observatory begins to publish weather maps.

## Arts and literature

* 31 January - Jules Verne's scientifically inspired novel Five Weeks in a Balloon (Cinq semaines en ballon) is published by Pierre-Jules Hetzel in Paris; it will be the first of Verne's Voyages Extraordinaires.
* 30 September - Georges Bizet's opera, Les pêcheurs de perles receives its première at the Théâtre Lyrique in Paris.
* 4 November - Hector Berlioz's opera Les Troyens receives its première at the Théâtre Lyrique.

## Births

* 1 January - Pierre de Coubertin, historian and founder of the International Olympic Committee (died 1937)
* 16 April - Émile Friant, painter (died 1932)
* 26 May - Charles-Victor Langlois, historian and paleographer (died 1929)
* 7 July - Marguerite Audoux, novelist (died 1937)
* 12 July - Albert Calmette, physician, bacteriologist and immunologist (died 1933)
* 8 November - René Viviani, politician, Prime Minister (died 1925)

## Deaths

* 16 February - Pierre-Médard Diard, naturalist and explorer (born 1794)
* 21 February - Pierre-Nolasque Bergeret, painter, lithographer and designer (born 1782)
* 25 February - Laure Cinti-Damoreau, soprano (born 1801)
* 30 March - Auguste Bravais, physicist (born 1811)
* 12 July - Étienne-Jean Delécluze, painter and critic (born 1781)
* 13 August - Eugène Delacroix, painter (born 1798)
* 17 September - Alfred de Vigny, poet, playwright and novelist (born 1797)
* 13 October - Philippe Antoine d'Ornano, Marshal of France (born 1784)
* 16 November - Louis-René Villermé, doctor and economist (born 1782)
* 17 December - Émile Saisset, philosopher (born 1814)
* 30 December - Frédéric Monod, Protestant pastor (born 1794)
* Alphonse de Polignac, mathematician (born 1826)
# Africa Scout Jamboree

The Africa Scout Region of the World Organization of the Scout Movement has run or sponsored region-wide Africa Scout Jamborees in its member countries.

## List of Africa Scout Jamborees

| Event | Location | Country | Dates |
| Central African Jamboree | Ruwa Park | Rhodesia | May 4 to 11, 1959 |
| 1st All-Africa Jamboree | Jos | Nigeria | 1976 |
| 2nd All-Africa Jamboree | Kaazi | Uganda | 1989 |
| 3rd All-Africa Jamboree | Accra | Ghana | 1994 |
| 4th All-Africa Jamboree | Nairobi | Kenya | August 9 to 19, 2000 |
| 5th All-Africa Jamboree | Catembe | Mozambique | July 21 to 31, 2006 |
| 6th Africa Scout Jamboree | Gitega | Burundi | July 28 to August 5, 2012 |
| 7th Africa Scout Jamboree | Yamoussoukro | Côte d’Ivoire | August 1 to 10, 2016 |
The 6th Africa Scout Jamboree (or Africa Jamboree 2012) took place at Bungere, Gitega Province, Burundi from July 28 to August 6, 2012. The theme was Scouting for a positive change. The Jamboree was hosted by the Burundi Scout Association. Almost all African countries took part, together with six European countries.

## Africa Rover Moot

The 1st "Africa Rover Moot", hosted by the Kenya Scouts Association, is scheduled to take place in April 2023.
# Elton Plummer

Elton Wilfrid 'Duffy' Plummer (31 July 1914 – 30 May 1988) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the VFL during the 1930s and 1940s.
Plummer was the younger brother of Essendon player Harry Plummer.
Essendon recruited Plummer, a back pocket specialist, from Preston. At one stage he played 98 consecutive games and was a member of Essendon's 1942 premiership team. He also played in their losing Grand Finals of 1941 and 1943. Plummer kicked just one goal in his career, against Collingwood at Victoria Park. In 1944, his final season, he coached Essendon for seven games with regular coach Dick Reynolds suffering from appendicitis and they won three of them. He continued his coaching career at Brunswick in 1945.
# Dizzy: Prince of the Yolkfolk

Dizzy: Prince of the Yolkfolk is an adventure video game published in December 1991 by Codemasters for the Amstrad CPC, Atari ST, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, MS-DOS, NES and Amiga. It was the sixth game in the Dizzy adventure series. Initially it was only released as part of the Dizzy's Excellent Adventures compilation. The creators of the series, the Oliver Twins, outsourced the video game company Big Red Software to design and develop the game. The game interface and mechanics resemble those of Magicland Dizzy, discarding changes introduced in the fifth game.
The game was enhanced and re-released in November 1992 with the Aladdin Deck Enhancer under the title Dizzy the Adventurer. The title was then released in 1993 as part of The Excellent Dizzy Collection. An HD remake of this game was released on the Android and iOS platforms in December 2011.
# Arctostaphylos glandulosa subsp. gabrielensis

Arctostaphylos glandulosa subsp. gabrielensis, known by the common name San Gabriel manzanita, is a subspecies of manzanita. It is endemic to one small area in the San Gabriel Mountains of Los Angeles County, California.
It is a member of the California montane chaparral and woodlands plant community.

## Description

This is a shrub growing to heights between one and two meters. It has an erect form with a large, spherical burl. Leaves are bright green, shiny, and mostly hairless. They are 2 to 4 centimeters long with smooth edges. The shrub blooms in dense inflorescences of urn-shaped manzanita flowers. The fruit is a rounded red drupe up to 14 millimeters wide.
# Georgia at the 2008 Summer Paralympics

Georgia sent a delegation to compete at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The country was represented by a single athlete who competed in powerlifting.

## Powerlifting
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Iago Gorgodze | -90 kg | 140.0 | 8 |
# Jakhan

Jakhan is a village and former Hindu princely state on the Saurashtra peninsula, in Gujarat, western India.
The village is in Limbdi Taluka, in the Limbdi constituency, in Surendranagar District.

## History

The petty princely state, comprising only the single village in Jhalawar prant (Eastern Kathiawar), was ruled by Jhala Rajput Chieftains. In 1901 it had a population of 441, yielding 2,500 Rupees state revenue (1903-4, mostly from land), paying 288 Rupees tribute, to the British and Junagadh State.
# Dick's Picks Volume 17

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Music Box | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Dick's Picks Volume 17 is the 17th live album in the Dick's Picks series of releases by the Grateful Dead. It was recorded on September 25, 1991 at the Boston Garden in Boston, Massachusetts, with two additional tracks from the March 31, 1991 show at Greensboro.

## Enclosure

Included with the release is a single sheet folded in half, yielding a four-page enclosure. The front duplicates the cover of the CD, and the back features a rectangular color photograph of the inside of the venue with the house lights on, after the sound system has been set up but before the audience has arrived. The two pages inside contain a single wide color photograph of the band on stage along with the contents of and credits for the release.

## Track listing

Disc one
    First set:
* "Help on the Way" (Jerry Garcia, Robert Hunter) – 4:15 →
* "Slipknot!" (Garcia, Keith Godchaux, Bill Kreutzmann, Phil Lesh, Bob Weir) – 5:30 →
* "Franklin's Tower" (Garcia, Kreutzmann, Hunter) – 10:41
* "Walkin' Blues" (Son House) – 6:30
* "It Must Have Been the Roses" (Hunter) – 5:45 →
* "Dire Wolf" (Garcia, Hunter) – 3:59
* "Queen Jane Approximately" (Bob Dylan) – 7:16
* "Tennessee Jed" (Garcia, Hunter) – 7:50 →
* "The Music Never Stopped" (Weir, John Perry Barlow) – 8:18
Disc two
    Second set:
* "Victim or the Crime" (Weir, Gerrit Graham) – 8:24 →
* "Crazy Fingers" (Garcia, Hunter) – 9:38 →
* "Playing in the Band" (Weir, Mickey Hart, Hunter) – 9:22 →
* "Terrapin Station" (Garcia, Hunter) – 12:47 →
* "Boston Clam Jam" (Grateful Dead) – 5:37 →
* "Drums" (Hart, Kreutzmann) – 11:04 →
* "Space" (Grateful Dead) – 8:15 →
Disc three
    Second set, continued:
* "That Would Be Something" (Paul McCartney) – 3:51 →
* "Playing in the Band" (Weir, Hunter) – 5:23 →
* "China Doll" (Garcia, Hunter) – 5:46 →
* "Throwing Stones" (Weir, Barlow) – 8:59 →
* "Not Fade Away" (Charles Hardin, Norman Petty) – 9:01
    Encore:
* "The Mighty Quinn (Quinn the Eskimo)" (Bob Dylan) – 4:43
    March 31, 1991:
* "Samson and Delilah" (Traditional, arr. Weir) – 7:47 →
* "Eyes of the World" (Garcia, Hunter) – 23:30

## Personnel

Grateful Dead:
* Jerry Garcia – lead guitar, vocals
* Mickey Hart – drums
* Bruce Hornsby – keyboards, accordion, vocals
* Bill Kreutzmann – drums
* Phil Lesh – bass, vocals
* Bob Weir – rhythm guitar, vocals
* Vince Welnick – keyboards, vocals
Production:
* Dick Latvala, David Lemieux – tape archivists
* Gecko Graphics – design
* Dan Healy – recording
* Jeffrey Norman – CD mastering
* John Cutler – magnetic scrutinizer
* Jim Anderson, Susana Millman – photography
# National Council for History Education

The National Council for History Education (NCHE) is a United States-based non-profit advocacy group that promotes the importance of history.

## Overview

The National Council for History Education was incorporated in 1990 as a successor to the Bradley Commission on History in Schools. The core purpose of this organization is to lead in the teaching and learning of history. One of the ways that NCHE sets out to accomplish this is to provide a communications network for all advocates of history education. These advocates include but are not limited to; schools, colleges, museums, historical councils, and community groups. NCHE is funded by a diverse membership composed of history enthusiasts and educators alike who are dedicated to bridging the divide between classroom teachers and those in the collegiate academic world as well as advocacy of the importance of strong history education in all walks of life. Further funding is provided by partnerships and grants through both the federal government's Teaching American History grant program as well as private grants such as those received by the Mellon Foundation.
# Butega

Butega is a village in the Commune of Bubanza in Bubanza Province in north western Burundi.
# Lover, Knight, Man

"Lover, Knight, Man" (stylized as LOVER, KNIGHT, MAN), is female duo Soulhead's second single under Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It managed to reach #36 on the Oricon charts and charted for eight weeks.

## Information

While a music video for Lover, Knight, Man was released, it was not released on the single or its corresponding album, Oh My Sister, but was placed on the DVD Oh My Sister Live & Clips. Like their debut single, Step to the New World, Lover, Knight, Man was also released on CD and vinyl.
The album was titled after the b-side from this single, Oh My Sister.

## Track listing
### CD

(Source)
* "Lover, Knight, Man"
* "Oh My Sister"
* "Lover, Knight, Man" (Instrumental)
* "Oh My Sister" (Instrumental)

### 12" Vinyl

Side A
* "Lover, Knight, Man"
* "Lover, Knight, Man" (Instrumental)
* "Lover, Knight, Man" (A Capella)
Side B
* "Oh My Sister"
* "Oh My Sister" (Instrumental)
* "Oh My Sister" (A Capella)

## Charts and sales

| Oricon Ranking (Weekly) | Sales |
| 36 | |
# Wilson Dobie Wilson

Wilson Dobie Wilson FRSE FSA (Scot) (30 November 1803 – 1838) was a nineteenth-century Scottish author, editor and traveller. He was a member of the Maitland Club council, and a member of the Honourable Faculty of Advocates though he did not practise. He lived in Gleverebach.
Wilson married Georgiana Summer, daughter of John Sumner, Bishop of Chester. They had one son and one daughter.
# Boris Protić

Boris Protić was a Mayor of Kumanovo Municipality in Macedonia.
# Bruno Gamberini

Bruno Gamberini (July 16, 1950 – August 28, 2011) was the Roman Catholic archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Campinas, Brazil.
Born in Matão, São Paulo, and ordained to the priesthood in 1974, Gamberini became a bishop in 1995 and in 2004 was appointed archbishop of the Campinas Archdiocese.
# Victor Sparre

Victor Sparre (né Smith; 4 November 1919 – 16 March 2008) was a Norwegian painter, glass designer and non-fiction writer.

## Personal life

Sparre was born in Bærum as the son of librarian Victor Alf Smith and Eli Sparre. He was married to nurse Aase Marie Thomassen from 1955.

## Career

Sparre studied at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry from 1936. He became a member of the Oxford Group. In 1938 he enrolled at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts, and assisted Axel Revold making decorations for the Oslo City Hall. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he took part in resistance work and joined the underground art academy led by Axel Revold and Jean Heiberg, and later also joined the military resistance organization Milorg.
He has decorated 25 churches, including the Stavanger Cathedral, the Arctic Cathedral (Tromsdalen Church), Jeløy Church and Immanuel Church. Among his paintings are Altergang and Svøpet from 1942, Individets død from 1969, Cellistens kone from 1974, and Veronicas svededuk from 1977. He published the book Stenene skal rope in 1974, and The flame in the darkness in 1980, and participated in debates on human rights. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 2003.
# Asperden

Asperden is a village in the municipality of Goch, Kreis Kleve in the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia.
The place name Asperden is a degeneration of Aspen-Rodung, or the harvesting of aspens, a popular tree-species.
It dates from the time when the forests were cut down systematically and open spaces were created where habitation arose.
The village has been part of Stadt Goch since 1969.
* Church St. Vincentius
51°42′N 6°07′E﻿ / ﻿51.700°N 6.117°E﻿ / 51.700; 6.117
* This Kleve district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# 1928 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football team

The 1928 North Dakota Agricultural Bison football team was an American football team that represented North Dakota Agricultural College (now known as North Dakota State University) in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1928 college football season. In its sixth season under head coach Stanley Borleske, the team compiled a 3–4–1 record (1–3 against NCC opponents) and finished in a three-way tie for third/last place out of five teams in the NCC. The team played its home games at Dacotah Field in Fargo, North Dakota.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 29 | | Valley City State* | Dacotah FieldFargo, ND | W 21–0 |
| October 6 | | Superior Normal* | Dacotah FieldFargo, ND | T 0–0 |
| October 13 | | at Wisconsin* | Camp Randall StadiumMadison, WI | L 7–13 |
| October 20 | | St. Thomas (MN)* | Dacotah FieldFargo, ND | W 18–0 |
| October 28 | | North Dakota | Dacotah FieldFargo, ND (rivalry) | L 0–18 |
| November 3 | 2:30 p.m. | at Morningside | Bass FieldSioux City, IA | W 12–0 |
| November 10 | | at South Dakota State | Brookings, SD (rivalry) | L 6–27 |
| November 17 | | at South Dakota | Inman FieldVermillion, SD | L 6–26 |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Central time ||||||
# Long Island Children's Museum

The Long Island Children’s Museum (LICM) is a Children's museum located on the campus of Mitchel Field in Uniondale, New York.

## History

The museum was established in 1993 in the old Newsday building across from Roosevelt Field Mall in East Garden City. It moved in 2001 to a former airplane hangar with 40,000 square feet spread over two stories. The county provided the hangar rent-free under a 60-year lease and the museum is to keep all revenue.

## Description

It has 12 galleries with interactive exhibits, three studio workshops and a 150-seat theater. The museum can host over 250,000 visitors per year. The outdoor play area, known as "Our Backyard," opens each spring. The play area has become the most popular part of the museum and includes vegetable gardens where visitors can harvest various vegetables directly from the garden.

## Awards

LICM is a recipient of the National Medal for Museum and Library Service and has been designated a "Primary Institution" by the New York State Council on the Arts.
# 1995 Sandown 500

The 1995 Sandown 500 was an endurance race for 5.0 Litre Touring Cars complying with CAMS Group 3A regulations. The event was staged at the Sandown circuit in Victoria, Australia on 3 September 1995. Race distance was 161 laps of the 3.10 km circuit, totalling 499 km. It was the 30th "Sandown 500".
The race was won by Dick Johnson and John Bowe driving a Ford EF Falcon.

## Race results

| Pos. | No. | Entrant | Drivers | Car | Laps |
| 1 | 17 | Shell-FAI Racing | Dick Johnson John Bowe | Ford EF Falcon | 161 |
| 2 | 30 | Peter Jackson Racing | Glenn Seton Allan Grice | Ford EF Falcon | 161 |
| 3 | 18 | Shell-FAI Racing | Charlie O'Brien Steven Johnson | Ford EF Falcon | 161 |
| 4 | 25 | Castrol Longhurst Ford | Tony Longhurst Wayne Park | Ford EF Falcon | 160 |
| 5 | 11 | Castrol Perkins Racing | Larry Perkins Russell Ingall | Holden VR Commodore | 160 |
| 6 | 24 | Romano Racing | Paul Romano Troy Dunstan | Holden VP Commodore | 159 |
| 7 | 6 | Pinnacle Motorsport | Tony Scott Steven Ellery | Holden VR Commodore | 158 |
| 8 | 1 | Winfield Racing | Mark Skaife Jim Richards | Holden VR Commodore | 155 |
| 9 | 28 | Playscape Racing | Kevin Waldock Mark McLaughlin | Ford EF Falcon | 155 |
| 10 | 38 | John Deer Pty Ltd | Mark Poole Ed Ordynski | Holden VP Commodore | 155 |
| 11 | 3 | Lansvale Samsh Repairs | Trevor Ashby Steve Reed | Holden VP Commodore | 150 |
| N/C | 20 | Palmer Promotions | Ian Palmer Brett Peters | Holden VR Commodore | 80 |
| DNF | 7 | Coca-Cola Racing | Wayne Gardner Neil Crompton | Holden VR Commodore | 139 |
| DNF | 35 | Peter Jackson Racing | Alan Jones David Parsons | Ford EF Falcon | 136 |
| DNF | 015 | Holden Racing Team | Craig Lowndes Greg Murphy | Holden VR Commodore | 132 |
| DNF | 55 | Parsons Racing | David Parsons John Goss | Holden VR Commodore | 126 |
| DNF | 39 | Protech Computers | Chris Smerdon Cameron McConville | Holden VR Commodore | 123 |
| DNF | 10 | Mitre 10 Racing | Mark Larkham Warwick Rooklyn | Ford EF Falcon | 111 |
| DNF | 4 | Coca-Cola Racing | Brad Jones Win Percy | Holden VR Commodore | 98 |
| DNF | 49 | Alcair Airconditioning | David Attard Greg Crick | Holden VR Commodore | 93 |
| DNF | 05 | Holden Racing Team | Peter Brock Tomas Mezera | Holden VR Commodore | 67 |

### Race statistics

* Pole position: Craig Lowndes & Greg Murphy, 1m 13.1494s
* Race time of winning car: 3h 30m 22.82s
* Fastest race lap: Craig Lowndes, 1m 13.7557s on lap 36
# Wilson Disease Association

The Wilson Disease Association (WDA) is a nonprofit volunteer organization which has been established to support the people who suffer from Wilson's disease. The Association's main mission is to finance scientific researches on this disease and enlightening people about it.

## History

The Association was created in 1978 in Binghamton, New York with the purpose to help the Pei family with 2 children suffering from Wilson disease by a group of individuals. The first president of the WDA was John Chung, the founder of the Association. He was a friend of the Pei family.
# Fräntorp

57°43′40″N 12°03′00″E﻿ / ﻿57.72783°N 12.04999°E﻿ / 57.72783; 12.04999 Fräntorp is a district in Gothenburg, Sweden which belongs to Härlanda borough.

## Gallery

* Fräntorp and surroundings
* Entrance to the Fräntorp cave on May 26, 2020.
* Dense beech forest in the western part of Fräntorp on May 31, 2020.
* Modern-day stone quarry in the western part of Fräntorp on May 31,2020.
* View towards Gamlestan from hill in the western part of Fräntorp on May 29, 2020.
* This Gothenburg-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This article about a location in Västra Götaland County, Sweden is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Buck Falls (Oregon)

Buck Falls is a waterfall located at the east end of historical Hardman, in Morrow County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is located off Hepner-Spray Highway, formed by a spring creek on the north skirt of Buck Canyon.
# Victor Spencer

Victor Manson Spencer (1 November 1896 – 24 February 1918) was a volunteer from Invercargill, New Zealand who fought in the Otago Infantry Regiment of the New Zealand Division in World War I. Spencer was executed for desertion on 24 February 1918, despite later suggestions that he was severely traumatised by shellshock, having fought and survived several campaigns.
New Zealand soldiers were subject to New Zealand military law which, like all nations involved in the conflict, had the death penalty for a number of crimes, including desertion. Out of the 28 death penalties handed down by the New Zealand military. only four were carried out, the rest being quashed by the British commanders of the armies involved. (In addition, New Zealand Private Jack Braithwaite was executed by the British for mutiny.) By contrast, death penalties imposed on Australian soldiers had to be confirmed by the Governor-General, which the Australian government did not allow, although Australians were hanged at Shepton Mallet prison for civil crimes.
Spencer was formally pardoned, along with Braithwaite and the three others, under the provisions of the Pardon for Soldiers of the Great War Act 2000, which was passed by the New Zealand Parliament in a departure from custom, since pardons are normally granted by the Crown and are rarely posthumous. The grounds for the pardon was that the execution was not a fate that Spencer deserved, but was one that resulted from (a) the harsh discipline that was believed at the time to be required; and (b) the application of the death penalty for military offences being seen at that time as an essential part of maintaining military discipline.
Section 8 of the Pardon for Soldiers of the Great War Act reads thus:
   Pardon of Private Spencer
   Private Victor Manson Spencer, regimental number 8/2733, a member of the 1st Battalion, Otago Regiment,—
       (a) who was charged with having committed on 13 August 1917 the offence of desertion; and
       (b) who was, by a Field General Court Martial held on 17 January 1918, convicted of that offence and sentenced to death; and
       (c) who was again sentenced to death on 29 January 1918 after the Field General Court Martial had revised its finding and had convicted him of having committed the offence of desertion not on 13 August 1917 but on 25 August 1917; and
       (d) who was, after the sentence of death imposed on him on 29 January 1918 had been confirmed, executed by firing squad in accordance with that sentence on 24 February 1918,—
   is, by this Act, granted a pardon for that offence of desertion.
Spencer was included in the mass pardon of 306 British Empire soldiers executed for certain offences during the Great War enacted in section 359 of the UK Parliament's Armed Forces Act 2006, and which came into effect by Royal Assent on 8 November 2006.
He is buried in The Huts Cemetery, Dikkebus, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium.
# Joe Rue

Joseph William Rue (June 14, 1898 – December 1, 1984) was a professional baseball umpire who worked in the American League from 1938 to 1947. Rue umpired 1,519 major league games in his 10-year career. He also umpired in the 1943 World Series and All-Star Game.