OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gjesdal (surname)

Gjesdal is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Frøystein Gjesdal (born 1956), Norwegian economist
* Henrik Gjesdal (born 1993), Norwegian footballer
* Kristin Gjesdal (born 1969), Norwegian philosopher
* Tor Gjesdal (1909–1973), Norwegian journalist and civil servant
# C. Augustus Martin

Clarence Augustus "Gus" Martin (born circa 1955) is an American scholar who specializes in terrorism and juvenile justice. He is currently a professor at California State University, Dominguez Hills. He is the father of former National Football League player Jonathan Martin. He graduated from Harvard University, Duquesne University, and University of Pittsburgh.

## Published works

* (2012) Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues Sage ISBN 978-1452205823
* (2010) Terrorism and Homeland Security Sage ISBN 978-1412988025
* (2010) Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies Sage ISBN 978-1412980265
* (2005) Juvenile Justice: Process and Systems Sage ISBN 978-0761930822
* (2004) The New Era of Terrorism: Selected Readings Sage ISBN 978-0761988731
# Glasgow Rutherglen

Glasgow Rutherglen may mean or refer to:
* Glasgow Rutherglen (UK Parliament constituency)
* Glasgow Rutherglen (Scottish Parliament constituency)
# 1942–43 South African cricket season

The 1942–43 South African cricket season saw only two first-class games. South Africa was involved in the Second World War and with the war came austerity and cricket matches played for the Currie Cup were considered too frivolous to be played in a country at war. There were only three first-class games played in South Africa during it. The two games played in 1942-43.

## The matches
### Air Force XI v Rest of South Africa (26–27 December)

Rest of South Africa beat Air Force XI by 5 wickets
Scorecard

### First South African Division v Rest of South Africa (13–14 March)

First South African Division drew with Rest of South Africa
Scorecard
# Glinkovsky

Glinkovsky (masculine), Glinkovskaya (feminine), or Glinkovskoye (neuter) may refer to:
* Glinkovsky District, a district of Smolensk Oblast
* Glinkovsky (rural locality), a rural locality (a khutor) in Volgograd Oblast, Russia
# Bōsō Peninsula

The Bōsō Peninsula (房総半島, Bōsō-hantō) is a peninsula that encompasses the entirety of Chiba Prefecture on Honshu, the largest island of Japan. It is part of the Greater Tokyo Area. It forms the eastern edge of Tokyo Bay, separating it from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula covers approximately 5,034 square kilometres (1,944 sq mi).

## Description

The Bōsō Peninsula is defined by the Pacific Ocean to its east and south, Tokyo Bay to the west, and the Edo and Tone rivers to the north. The Bōsō Hill Range forms the backbone of the south of the peninsula, and much of the area is hilly. Mount Atago in Minamibōsō and Kamogawa is the highest point on the peninsula with an altitude of 408.2 m (1,339 ft). From south to north the Bōsō Hill Range gives way to the Shimōsa Plateau, which covers much of the area of northern Chiba Prefecture, and ends in the lower areas around the Tone River.
The northern and western parts of the Bōsō Peninsula are highly urbanized. The Shimōsa Plateau and the coastal lowlands and interior river valleys are chiefly used for rice cultivation. The western coast of the peninsula is home to the Keiyō Industrial Zone, which ranges from Urayasu on the border of Tokyo in the northwest of the peninsula to Futtsu to the south. The Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line, a bridge-tunnel across Tokyo Bay, connects Kisarazu with the city of Kawasaki in Kanagawa Prefecture. The northeast of the peninsula is home to Suigo-Tsukuba Quasi-National Park, which spans across both Ibaraki and Chiba prefectures, and much of the remainder of the eastern coast of the peninsula is designated as Minami Bōsō Quasi-National Park.

## Etymology

The peninsula gets its name and kanji from the former provinces that were located there: Awa (安房), Kazusa (上総) and Shimōsa (下総). The Japan Meteorological Agency refers to the west and east coasts of the peninsula as Uchibō (内房) and Sotobō (外房) respectively.
# Andrés Febrés

Andrés Febrés was 18th-century Spanish Jesuit active in Colonial Chile. He is best known for his book Arte de la lengua general del Reyno de Chile, con un diálogo chileno-hispano muy curioso : a que se añade la doctrina christiana, esto es, rezo, catecismo, coplas, confesionario, y pláticas, lo más en lengua chilena y castellana : y por fin un vocabulario hispano-chileno, y un calepino chileno-hispano mas copioso (in Spanish). Lima. 1765. p. 465.
In his writings he supported the incorporation of the lands of the independent Cunco and Huilliche, the Futahuillimapu, into the Spanish Empire. In 1767 Febrés made plans to establish a mission in Río Bueno south of Valdivia. This mission was however established in 1777 by Franciscans as the Jesuits had been expelled from the Americas in 1767.
# Cyclophora leonaria

Cyclophora leonaria is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and on São Tomé.
# Voeltzkowia yamagishii

Voeltzkowia yamagishii is a species of lizard which is endemic to Madagascar.

## Etymology

The specific name, yamagishii, is in honor of Japanese zoologist Satoshi Yamagishi [ja].
# Cholly Knickerbocker

Cholly Knickerbocker is a pseudonym used by a series of society columnists writing for papers including the New York American and its successor, the New York Journal-American.
The name came from the perceived New York upper-crust pronunciation of "Charlie", and the pseudonym of Washington Irving "Diedrich Knickerbocker".

## Users of Cholly Knickerbocker

* John W. Keller, New York Recorder, 1891–1896
* Keller, New York American, 1896–?
* Several others, New York American, ?–1919
* Maury Henry Biddle Paul, 1919–1942
** New York American, 1919–1937
** New York Journal-American, 1937–1942
* Igor Cassini (with Liz Smith) – New York Journal-American, c. 1945–1963
* Charles A. Van Rensselaer, III – New York Journal-American, 1963–1965
* "Cholly Knickerbocker" is referenced in the Paramount Pictures film Sabrina (1954)
* The name appears in the Cole Porter song "High Society", which opens 1956 film of the same name, sung by Louis Armstrong.

## Users of Suzy Knickerbocker

* Aileen Mehle, New York Journal-American, 1963-1966
# Auchterarder Thistle F.C.

Auchterarder Thistle Football Club was a football club from the village of Auchterarder, Perthshire, Scotland.

## History

The club was founded before the 1897–98 season as a "third-class club" replacement for Vale of Ruthven F.C., the village's senior club which had been dissolved. The club applied to play in the Perth City and County League in 1900, but was turned down. However, before the season started the club was admitted to membership of the Scottish Football Association, making the club a senior club.
The club therefore entered the Scottish Qualifying Cup for 1900–01, and was drawn away at Tulloch F.C.,; Thistle won the tie 10–1. The club lost in the third round to St Johnstone.
Thistle's best run in the Qualifying Cup was in 1902–03. Fair City Athletics withdrew in the first round, the Thistle had a bye in the second, and beat Tulloch in the third. By reaching the fourth round - in which the club lost 5–4 to St Johnstone - the club was entitled to enter the Scottish Cup proper for the first time; the club was drawn at home to Rangers. Rangers paid the club £20 to switch the tie to Ibrox Park, with the support of the players who wanted to play on the "classic sward"; the side included a saddler (Helm Eadie), a blacksmith (Jimmy Isaac), a bootmaker (James Mallis), and a painter (Jock Edwards), as well as some players borrowed from Dunblane. Rangers - who would go on to win the Cup that season - won 7–0. R. C. Hamilton, man-marked out of the game by Isaac and unable to score, generously praised the Thistle players for their skills.
On a local level, the club reached the Perthshire Cup final in 1900–01, but lost to Dunblane in the final at St Johnstone's Recreation Park; the Lang Toon went behind after five minutes, and was 3–0 down early in the second half, but two Mallis goals brought the score back to 3–2, before Dunblane made the game safe with the final goal of the game.
The club's J. Smith was President of the Perthshire Football Association in 1907–08, and the club entered the Perthshire Cup, but not the Qualifying Cup, and there is no record of the club after the season's end.

## Colours

The club's colours were originally the same black and white as Vale of Ruthven's, but from 1901 they were red and white.

## Ground

The club played at the Auchterarder Public Park.

## Notable players

* Peter Arnott, who later played for St Johnstone
# Norway men's national pitch and putt team

The Norway men's national pitch and putt team represents Norway in the pitch and putt international competitions. It is managed by the Norges Pitch & Putt Forbund (NPPF).
"Norges Pitch & Putt Forbund" is member of the European Pitch and Putt Association, and one of the founders of the Federation of International Pitch and Putt Associations (FIPPA) in 2006.
Norway reached the 4th place in the 2004 Pitch and putt World Cup and the 6th place in the 2007 and 2010 European Championships.

## National team

World Cup :
| Year | Championship | Host | Classification |
| 2004 | 1st World Cup | Chia (Italy) | 4th place |
| 2006 | 2nd World Cup | Teià (Catalonia) | 5th place |
| 2008 | 3rd World Cup | Papendal (Netherlands) | 11th place |
European Championships :
| Year | Championship | Host | Classification |
| 2003 | 3rd European Championship | McDonagh (Ireland) | 7th place |
| 2005 | 4th European Championship | Overbetuwe (The Netherlands) | 8th place |
| 2007 | 5th European Championship | Chia (Italy) | 6th place |
| 2010 | 6th European Championship | Lloret de Mar (Catalonia) | 6th place |

## Players

National team in the European Championship 2010:
* Bernt K. Nerland
* Anders C. Juel
* Jan Vingen
* Knut Henrik Lie
* Kenneth Vika
* Anders Olsen
National team in the World Cup 2008:
* Anders Olsen
* Toni Ede
* Jan Andersen
National team in the European Championship 2007:
* Anders Chr. Juel
* Anders Olsen
* Torbjorn S.B. Johansen
* Leif Morten Hagen
* Edvard Hatle
* Pal Andre Haugan
# Ahmad Abdulatif

Ahmad Abdulatif (born 1978) is an Egyptian writer and translator. He studied BA and Arabic in Madrid and Granada. He has written five novels and has won several prizes.

## Selected works

* The Keymaker (2010), winner of the 2011 the National Prize of novel
* The Clairvoyant (2012);
* The Book of the Sculptor (2013), winner of the 2015 Sawiris Cultural Award
* Elias (2014)
* The Earthen Fortress (2017), nominated for the 2018 Arabic Booker Prize
# Ahmad Abdullah

Dato' Ahmad bin Abdullah (28 February 1941 – 28 September 2005), usually known as Dato' Ahmad, was a Malaysian politician and accountant.

## Career

In 1976, Dato' Ahmad (a Chartered Accountant with the Malaysian Institute of Accountants and a Certified Public Accountant with the Malaysian Institute of Certified Public Accountants) co-founded chartered accountancy firm Ahmad Abdullah & Goh with chartered accountant Michael Goh, and remained a partner of the firm until 1982. The firm has since become a leading local firm delivering a full range of chartered accountancy services. Michael Goh now serves as the managing partner of the firm.
In 1982, Dato' Ahmad was elected a Johor State Assemblyman for Kukup. He was subsequently re-elected for 3 further consecutive terms until 1999. From 1986 to 1995 he also served on the Johor State Executive Council and as Acting Chief Minister (Menteri Besar) on 4 occasions.
In 1999, Dato' Ahmad (also a Certified Financial Planner with the Financial Planning Association of Malaysia and a Registered Financial Consultant with the International Association of Registered Financial Consultants) retired from politics and set up consulting house Ahmad Abdullah & Goh Consulting and served as its chairman.
Dato' Ahmad also sat on the boards of Johor Corporation (formerly Johor State Economic Development Corporation) and Johor Islamic Corporation (formerly Johor State Islamic Economic Development Corporation), and served as the Vice-President of the Johor State Malay Chamber of Commerce (Dewan Perniagaan Melayu Malaysia Negeri Johor) until his death in 2005.
# Van der Meijden

Van der Meijden is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Henk van der Meijden (born 1937), Dutch journalist and theatre manager
* Ilse van der Meijden (born 1988), Dutch water polo player
# Agave guiengola

Agave guiengola is a large, evergreen succulent flowering plant belonging to the family Asparagaceae, and is endemic to the State of Oaxaca, in southern Mexico. It grows on limestone slopes at an elevation between 100–1,000 metres (330–3,280 ft) above sea level. The species name guiengola refers to Cerro Guiengola, the mountain where the species was first discovered.

## Description

Agave guiengola reach a diameter of 30–40 centimetres (12–16 in). The leaves are thick, broad, whitish-green to bluish-colored, ovate to lanceolate, irregularly arranged, about 57 centimetres (22 in) long and 13–15 centimetres (5.1–5.9 in) wide. The dark brown margins of the leaves are densely toothed. The year-old slender inflorescence is 2–3 metres (6 ft 7 in – 9 ft 10 in) high in nature, though heights exceeding 6.25 metres (20.5 ft) have been observed in botanical gardens outside of its native habitat. The pale yellow to white colored flowers are 33–35 millimetres (1.3–1.4 in) long and appear in clumps near the base. The fruits are elongated, brown capsules 22–24 millimetres (0.87–0.94 in) long. The flowering period extends from February to March.
# Agave macroacantha

Agave macroacantha, the black-spined agave or large-thorned agave, is a species of succulent flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae naturally occurring in Oaxaca and also near the town of Tehuacan in the State of Puebla, Mexico.

## Description

Agave macroacantha produces a medium-sized leaf rosette that can be basal or can grow on a very short stem. Leaves are succulent, greyish green and up to 1.8 feet long at a maximum, ending in sharp black spines that are up to 1.2 inches long at the tips. Flowers are small, grey and red, growing in bunches on sturdy stems of up to 3 m (10 feet) in height.

## Cultivation

The plant prefers a dry, sunny and hot location for summer and from early autumn onwards a cooler, well-lit space. It likes regular watering in summer and only minimum watering in winter, and will fare well in a large pot with sparse, gravelly soil.
In the UK this plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Agave havardiana

Agave havardiana is a plant species native to the Big Bend area of western Texas as well as Chihuahua and Coahuila. It prefers grassy to rocky slopes or woodlands at elevations of 1200–2000 m.
Agave havardiana is an acaulescent species forming rosettes low to the ground, sometimes creating suckers but not forming large colonies like some other species. Leaves are up to 70 cm (28 inches) long, with teeth along the margins and at the tip. Flowering stalks can be up to 7 m (23 feet) tall, with yellow to yellow-green flowers. Fruits are dry, oblong, up to 6 cm (2.4 inches) long.
This species is under threat from habitat loss, mostly for cattle ranching.
# Agua Caliente de Gárate

Agua Caliente de Gárate is a mexican town located in the boundary of the municipality of Concordia, Sinaloa. It has a population of 1692. It is best known for the local church building located next to the plaza. Like with the rest of Sinaloa, the population is mostly made up of Roman Catholics.
# Vanessa Mock

Vanessa Mock is a German radio journalist currently working as a Brussels correspondent for Radio Netherlands. She is the author of highly acclaimed radio stories such as the EU condom regulation story.
She was born Vanessa Dunya Mock in Marly-la-Ville in the Val d'Oise department of France, near Paris in 1975. The family moved to Birmingham, the United Kingdom when she was 9 years old. She was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge University and graduated with a joint honours degree in French and German. She speaks several languages, including English, French, German, Spanish, Dutch, and Italian.
She started journalism with the Financial Times Newsletter in London, specialising in telecommunications issues. In 2001 she moved to Switzerland to work for the English-language service of Swiss Radio International, covering mostly Swiss politics. She joined Radio Netherlands in 2004 after she moved to Amsterdam, the Netherlands, the same year. She went on to become one of the station's Brussels correspondents in 2006. Her responsibilities include covering the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for the station's English- and Spanish-language service.
Vanessa Mock hosted the 2010 AIBs, the international media excellence awards organised by the Association for International Broadcasting. The AIBs took place at LSO St Luke's in London.
# Vanessa Moody

Vanessa Erin Moody (born November 20, 1995) is an American model. Who began her career in 2014 as an exclusive for Alexander Wang.

## Career

Moody's father encouraged her to pursue modeling and brought her to an open call at The Campbell Agency in Dallas. She debuted as an exclusive for Alexander Wang (opening his F/W 2014 show) and Balenciaga; the next season she walked in almost 50 shows, including closing for Givenchy. A following season brought her to an almost record 72 shows. She has appeared in campaigns for Alexander Wang, Valentino, Versace Jeans, Coach New York, Michael Kors, to name a few.
In 2014, Moody was chosen as a "Top Newcomer" by models.com. She previously ranked on their "Money Girl" list.
Moody walked in the 2017 Victoria’s Secret Fashion Show.
In 2014 Moody started an editorial career with a shoot for Vogue Paris and Love Magazine.
In 2015 she appeared on her first two Vogue covers by photographer Steven Meisel. By the second cover she had earned a spot in Vogue Italia's 50th Anniversary 50 Top Models. Following that same year she had her first solo cover with Vogue Germany.
# Vectron

Vectron can refer to:
* Vectron (locomotive), a European locomotive produced by Siemens from 2010
* Vectron International, an American manufacturer of crystal oscillators and related electronic products acquired by Microsemi
* RCG Vectron, a part of the Reliance Insurance Company
* Vectron, a video game for the Mattel Intellivision
* Vectron, a ZX Spectrum video game published by Firebird Software in 1985, based on the Disney film Tron
# Vapour phase decomposition

Vapour phase decomposition (VPD) is a method used in the semiconductor industry to improve the sensitivity of total-reflection x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy by changing the contaminant from a thin layer (which has an angle-dependent fluorescence intensity in the TXRF-domain) to a granular residue. When using granular residue the limits of detection are improved because of a more intense fluorescence signal in angles smaller than the isokinetic angle.

## Method

When using granular residue the limits of detection are improved because of a more intense fluorescence signal in angles smaller than the isokinetic angle. This can be achieved by enhancing the impurity concentration in the solution to be analyzed. In standard atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), the impurity is dissolved together with the matrix element. In VPD, the surface of the wafer is exposed to hydrofluoric acid vapour, which causes the surface oxide to dissolve together with the impurity metals. The acid droplets, condensed on the surface, are then analyzed using AAS.

## Advantages

The method has yielded good results for the detection and measurement of nickel and iron. To improve the range of elemental impurities and lower detection limits, the acid droplets obtained from the silicon wafers are analyzed by ICP-MS (Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry). This technique, VPD ICP-MS provides accurate measurement of up to 60 elements and detection limits of in the range of 1E6-E10 atoms/sq.cm on the silicon wafer.

## Related Techniques

One related technique is VPD-DC (vapour phase decomposition-droplet collection), where the wafer is scanned with a droplet that collects the metal ions that were dissolved in the decomposition step. This procedure affords better limits of detection when applying AAS in order to detect metal impurities of very small concentrations on wafer surfaces.
# Agésilas

Agésilas is a play written by Pierre Corneille and published in 1666. It was first performed in April 1666 at the Hôtel de Bourgogne.

## Characters

* Agésilas, king of Sparta
* Lysander, famous Spartan captain
* Cotys, king of Paphlagonia
* Spitridate, Persian high lord
* Mandane, sister of Spitridate
* Elpinice, daughter of Lysander
* Aglatide, daughter of Lysander
* Xénoclès, lieutenant of Agésilas
* Cléon, Greek orator from Halicarnassus

## Plot

The action takes places in Ephesus. Lysander has promised to marry his daughters Elpinice and Aglatide to Cotys and Spitridate respectively but he needs the agreement of Agésilas. Cotys and Spitridate quickly realize that this arrangement doesn't suit them. In effect, Spitridate and Elpinice have fallen in love with each other, and the same is true of Cotys and Mandane. Cotys agrees to give Elpinice to Spitridate if Spitridate will give him Mandane in return. However, Spitridate is wary of this because he's afraid of offending Lysander.
For his part, Agésilas is in love with Mandane as well. He learns Lysander is plotting against him, and in response forbids the Spartan captain's daughters from marrying anyone. Agésilas knows he can't marry Mandane because Sparta wouldn't accept it, but he also can't allow Cotys and Mandane to marry either. He knows a union between the families of Cotys and Spitridate will only make him enemies.
Aglatide knows that Spitridate loves her sister and that Cotys doesn't want her hand in marriage. She prefers to hide her feelings and pretend to not care, but she actually hopes that Agésilas loves her. In effect, some years prior, he offered her his love and promised he would marry her.
Agésilas finally decides to confront Lysander and show him that he knows all of his plans. However, Agésilas does not want to bring shame to the man who allowed him to accede to the throne. So, Agésilas resolves to talk to Lysander in private, with only Agésilas' lieutenant Xénoclès present. Lysander confesses to his crimes and says he is ready to submit to his punishment, but asks for clemency for his daughters and their future husbands who were not aware of the plot.
Agésilas decides to pardon Lysander and consents to the marriage of Elpinice to Spitridate and Cotys to Mandane. To honor his promises made years prior and to avoid any plots by Lysander in the future Agésilas agrees to marry Aglatide.

## Versification

Agésilas is, along with Psyché, the only Corneille piece to use cross rhyming (ABAB) for the entire piece, along with free verse (the play mixes verses of 8 and 12 feet).

## Critical reception

Agésilas was not well received, and was not performed again after its debut in 1666. Nicolas Boileau said of it in a review: "I saw Agésilas. Alas!"
* This article on a play from the 17th century is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Veil of Maya (disambiguation)

Veil of Maya could refer to:
* A Buddhist or Hinduist belief about the world; see Maya (illusion)
* Veil of Maya, an American metalcore band from Chicago
* "Veil of Maya", a song by American progressive metal/rock band Cynic from their 1993 album Focus
* The Veil of Maya, a 2017 Italian romantic comedy-drama film
* "The Veils of Maya", a poem by George William Russell
# Giuliopoli (Rosello)

Giuliopoli (Rosello) is a frazione in the Province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy.
41°55′19″N 14°21′28″E﻿ / ﻿41.92194°N 14.35778°E﻿ / 41.92194; 14.35778
* This Abruzzo location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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