OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Touch judge

A touch judge is an official who monitors the touch-line in a game of rugby union or rugby league and raises a flag if the ball (or player carrying it) goes into touch. Touch judges also stand behind the posts to confirm that a goal has been scored following a penalty kick or conversion of a try. There are two touch judges, one for each touch-line and each holding a different coloured flag.

## Rugby union

Rugby union touch judges support the referee by marking 'touch' (identifying when the ball leaves the playing area and comes into contact with something there or when the player carrying the ball steps out of the playing area), indicating successful kicks at goal and marking offside lines at set piece plays (the scrum and line out).
Depending on the relevant national regulations, touch judges can be recognised as 'assistant referees' and can have the authority to indicate foul play, support with pre-match protocols and other roles delegated to them by the referee.
In England, touch judges are only recognised as assistant referees when appointed by the RFU or by the relevant Referees' Society. Touch judges in the vast majority of community matches do not act as assistant referees and cannot comment on matters of foul play or other technical matters.
In test matches, it is normal for the referee and assistant referees to be connected by a radio link to aid the communication of all this information.
At elite levels of the 'sevens' variation of rugby union, additional in-goal assistant referees exist to support the referee with in-goal decisions.

## Rugby league

In rugby league, touch judges can communicate with the referee verbally or through a number of specific flag and hand signals. These indicate specific breaches of the laws, for example forward pass, knock on and penalty offences, how play should restart and whether the ball was grounded correctly for a try. As in rugby union, touch judges stand behind the posts to confirm success of a penalty kick or the conversion of a try. Touch judge and referee signals and duties in rugby league are laid out in the laws of the game. In some matches, additional officials are used solely to determine whether a try has been correctly grounded. These are known as "in-goal" officials.
# Trampoline (Steel Train album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Alternative Press | |
| Entertainment Weekly | Favorable |
| Forest Lake Times | Favorable |
| Ink 19 | Favorable |
Trampoline is the second studio album released by Steel Train.

## Release

Between July and September 2007, the band supported the Format on their headlining US tour. "Firecracker" and "Alone on the Sea" were posted on the band's Myspace page on October 8, 2007. Trampoline was released on October 16, 2007. In January and February 2008, the band went on a headlining east coast tour, with Person L, Paper Rival and American Babies. During each date of the tour, the band performed Trampoline in its entirety, with an encore of older material. In March And April, the band supported The Starting Line on their headlining US tour. Also in April, the band appeared at the Bamboozle Left festival. From late May to early July, the band went on tour with the Spill Canvas, Ludo, Sing It Loud and Liam and Me. In October and November, the band went on a headlining tour of the US with support from Forgive Durden and Dear and the Headlights. They ended the year a holiday show with Envy on the Coast and the Gay Blades.

## Track listing

All songs written by Jack Antonoff.
* "I Feel Weird" – 3:02
* "Black Eye" – 4:22
* "Kill Monsters in the Rain" – 3:58
* "Dakota" – 3:55
* "Alone on the Sea" – 7:08
* "Firecracker" – 3:27
* "A Magazine" – 5:12
* "Diamonds in the Sky" – 4:06
* "Leave You Traveling" – 3:47
* "I've Let You Go" – 3:47
* "School Is for Losers" – 3:43
* "Women I Belong To" – 6:20 (includes hidden track "Say No to the Devil")

## Personnel
### Steel Train

* Jack Antonoff – vocals, guitar, piano
* Scott Irby-Ranniar – vocals, percussion
* Evan Winiker – bass, backing vocals
* Daniel Silbert – guitar, backing vocals
* Jon Shiffman – drums, percussion

### Additional musicians

* Nate Ruess - backing vocals on "Kill Monsters in the Rain" and "Dakota"
* Rachel Antonoff - backing vocals on "Dakota"
# Cristian González (footballer, born 1996)

Cristian Marcelo González Tassano (born 23 July 1996) is an Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga Portugal 2 side Feirense.

## Club career

Born in Montevideo, González joined Danubio's youth setup in December 2010, from C.A. Peñarol de AUFI. He made his first team debut on 7 March 2015, starting in a 0–0 home draw against Montevideo Wanderers.
González first appeared in Copa Libertadores on 18 March 2015, playing the full 90 minutes in a 1–2 home loss against Corinthians. He became a regular starter for the side during the 2014–15 campaign, contributing with 22 appearances.
On 23 August 2016, González signed a four-year contract with Sevilla FC, being assigned to the reserves in Segunda División. He made his debut for the club three days later, coming on as a substitute for compatriot Andrés Schetino in a 1–1 away draw against CD Tenerife.
González scored his first senior goal on 13 November 2016, netting the game's only in a home success over UD Almería. On 15 August 2018, after suffering relegation, he was loaned to Eredivisie side FC Twente for one year.
On 14 August 2019, González returned to Spain and its second division, after agreeing to a one-year loan deal with CD Mirandés. Nevertheless, in January 2020 he returned to Sevilla. On 27 January 2020, he then moved to Argentine club Rosario Central on one-year loan deal.
After only two games for Rosario, González terminated his agreement with Rosario and travelled to Portugal to sign with C.D. Santa Clara. The deal with Santa Clara was confirmed on 5 October 2020.
On 10 February 2023, González signed a two-year contract with Russian Premier League club Khimki.
On 1 September 2023, Liga Portugal 2 side Torreense announced the signing of González on a season-long loan from Khimki.
On 1 August 2024, Tassano returned to Liga Portugal 2 and joined Feirense.

## Personal life

González Tassano was registered by the Russian Premier League as a citizen of Italy.

## Honours

Twente
* Eerste Divisie: 2018–19
# Cristóbal Ramírez

Cristóbal Ramírez may refer to:
* Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena, 16th-century Spanish colonial governor of Peru
* Cristóbal Ramírez (painter) (active 1566, died 1577), Spanish painter
# Touroukoro

Touroukoro is a town in the Mangodara Department of Comoé Province in south-western Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 4,135.
# Touroultia obscurella

Touroultia obscurella is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1865, originally under the genus Hypselomus. It is known from Brazil.
# Tractatus coislinianus

Tractatus coislinianus is an ancient Greek manuscript outlining a theory of comedy in the tradition of Aristotle's Poetics.

## Dramatic theory

The Tractatus states that comedy invokes laughter and pleasure, thus purging those emotions (catharsis), in a manner parallel to the description of tragedy in the Poetics. It proceeds to describe the devices used and manner in which catharsis is brought about.

## History

The manuscript now resides in Paris, France, at the Bibliothèque Nationale; it is labeled "Coislinianus 120". The 10th-century manuscript resided at Great Lavra on Mount Athos. In 1643, Athanasius Rhetor sent it from Cyprus to Séguier de Coislin. The classicist J. A. Cramer, poring through the collection of Henri Charles du Cambout de Coislin, was struck by the content, believing it to be the work of a commentator on Aristotle's theory of comedy, and published it in 1839. This belief was soon derided, but it has gained force in the 20th century; Richard Janko has argued that it is the notes or sketches of the lost second section of the Poetics. Nesselrath argues that it is a later work, perhaps by Theophrastus.

## Sources

* Janko, Richard, trans. 1987. Poetics with Tractatus Coislinianus, Reconstruction of Poetics II and the Fragments of the On Poets. By Aristotle. Cambridge: Hackett. ISBN 0-87220-033-7.
* Nesselrath, Heinz-Günther. 1990. Die attische mittlere Komödie: ihre Stellung in der antiken Literaturkritik und Literaturgeschichte. Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte vol. 36. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-012196-4.
# Cristina Esteban

Cristina Alicia Esteban Calonje (born 5 November 1976) is a Spanish politician who is a member of the 14th Congress of Deputies from the Vox party.
Cristina Esteban Calonje is an asset manager at BBVA Bank in Madrid, where she manages investment funds and pension plans. She speaks German and English. She is married to Antonio Vallejo-Nágera Deroulede, a real estate businessman, and has two children.
# Cristina Fernández (sport shooter)

Cristina Fernández (born 24 July 1974) is a Spanish sports shooter. She competed in the women's 10 metre air rifle event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Trachyscelis

Trachyscelis is a genus of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae. There are at least two described species in Trachyscelis.

## Species

These two species belong to the genus Trachyscelis:
* Trachyscelis aphodioides Latreille, 1809$^{gb}$
* Trachyscelis chinensis Champion, 1894$^g$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase

Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase, sold under the brand name Herceptin SC among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer in adults. It is a combination of trastuzumab and hyaluronidase.
The most common adverse reactions include fatigue, arthralgia, diarrhea, injection site reaction, upper respiratory tract infection, rash, myalgia, nausea, headache, edema, flushing, pyrexia, cough, and pain in extremity.
Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase was approved for medical use in the European Union in August 2013. Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2019.

## Medical uses

Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase is indicated for adjuvant treatment of adults with HER2 overexpressing node positive or node negative (ER/PR negative or with one high risk feature; and it is indicated in combination with paclitaxel for first-line treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer.

## History

Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase (Herceptin SC) was approved for medical use in the European Union in August 2013.
Trastuzumab/hyaluronidase (Herceptin Hylecta) was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2019.
Approval of trastuzumab/hyaluronidase was based on two randomized trials, HannaH (NCT00950300) and SafeHER (NCT01566721). In HannaH, 596 participants with HER2-positive operable or locally advanced breast cancer, including inflammatory breast cancer, were randomized to receive 8 cycles of either trastuzumab/hyaluronidase or intravenous trastuzumab concurrently with chemotherapy, followed by surgery and continued therapy with either trastuzumab/hyaluronidase or intravenous trastuzumab, for an additional 10 cycles. HannaH demonstrated comparability between trastuzumab/hyaluronidase and intravenous trastuzumab based on co-primary endpoints of pathologic complete response and pharmacokinetics. Pathological complete response (pCR) was observed in 118 participants (45.4%) on the trastuzumab/hyaluronidase arm and in 107 participants (40.7%) receiving intravenous trastuzumab (95% CI for difference in pCR: -4.0; 13.4).
SafeHER was a prospective, two-cohort, non-randomized, multinational, open-label trial assessing the overall safety and tolerability of trastuzumab/hyaluronidase with chemotherapy in 1,864 participants with HER2-positive breast cancer. Participants received a fixed dose of 600 mg trastuzumab/hyaluronidase every 3 weeks for 18 cycles. trastuzumab/hyaluronidase was initiated either sequentially with chemotherapy, concurrently with chemotherapy, or without adjuvant chemotherapy, or in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by trastuzumab.
# Craugastor occidentalis

Craugastor occidentalis is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Mexico. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests.
# Tentaoculus georgianus

Tentaoculus georgianus is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudococculinidae, the false limpets.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Georgia, USA.

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 3.5 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 805 m. Maximum recorded depth is 805 m.
# WPSL

WPSL may refer to:
* Weighted planar stochastic lattice, a mathematical structure sharing some of the properties both of lattices and of graphs
* Women's Premier Soccer League
* WPSL (AM), a radio station (1590 AM) licensed to Port St. Lucie, Florida, United States
* National Pro Fastpitch, formerly known as the Women's Pro Softball League
# Cyphelium tigillare

Cyphelium tigillare is a species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling) lichen in the family Caliciaceae, and the type species of the genus Cyphelium. Widespread in North America, it commonly grows on fenceposts.
# Amador Township, Chisago County, Minnesota

Amador Township is a township in Chisago County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 885 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of Almelund is located within the township.

## History

Amador Township was organized in 1858. Amador is a name derived from Spanish meaning "lover".

## Geography

Amador Township is located in eastern Chisago County along the St. Croix River, which forms the Wisconsin–Minnesota border. State Highway 95 (MN 95) crosses the southwest part of the township, passing through Almelund and leading southeast to Taylors Falls and west to North Branch.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 30.6 square miles (79.2 km$^2$), of which 29.9 square miles (77.5 km$^2$) is land and 0.66 square miles (1.7 km$^2$), or 2.17%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 744 people, 264 households, and 199 families residing in the township. The population density was 24.9 inhabitants per square mile (9.6/km$^2$). There were 282 housing units at an average density of 9.4 per square mile (3.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.79% White, 0.27% African American, 0.27% Asian, 0.40% from other races, and 0.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94% of the population.
There were 264 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.0% were married couples living together, 3.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.6% were non-families. 15.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.18.
In the township the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 117.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.6 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $55,000, and the median income for a family was $57,143. Males had a median income of $40,000 versus $27,344 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,759. About 1.0% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.0% of those under age 18 and 3.5% of those age 65 or over.
# Luss War Memorial

Erected around 1920, the Luss War Memorial is located on Pier Road in Luss, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is dedicated to the citizens of the village who lost their lives while in military service during World War I and World War II. It is a Category C listed structure.
The memorial is set inside a whinstone wall recess with steps up to a cross with a Pictish sword in relief, set on octagonal base.

## Detail

* The base of the memorial
# Gerd Hirzinger

Gerd Hirzinger received his Dipl.-Ing. degree and the doctor’s degree from the Technical University of Munich, in 1969 and 1974 respectively. In 1969 he joined DLR (the German Aerospace Center) where he first worked on fast digital control systems. 1976 he became head of the automation and robotics laboratory of DLR, where he and his co-workers soon got several awards for innovative technology transfer from robotics research to applications. In 1991 he received a joint professorship from the Technical University of Munich, and in 2003 an honorary professorship at the Harbin Institute of Technology in China.
He has been since 1992 director at the Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics at the DLR German Aerospace Center which is one of the largest and most acknowledged institutes in the field worldwide, including not only robot development for space and terrestrial applications, but also aircraft control and optimization, vehicle technology (X-by-wire components and systems) and medical technology (artificial hearts and surgical robots). He has published more than 600 papers in robotics, mainly on robot sensing, sensory feedback, mechatronics, man-machine interfaces, telerobotics and space robotics. He was prime investigator of the space robot technology experiment ROTEX, the first remotely controlled robot in space, which flew onboard shuttle COLUMBIA in April 93. For many years he has been chairman of the German council on robot control and administrative committee member of the IEEE Society on Robotics and Automation. He is now member of the IEEE fellow award committee.

## Awards and honors

He received numerous national and international awards, e.g. in 1994 the Joseph F. Engelberger Award for achievements in robotic science and in 1995 the Leibniz-Award, the highest scientific award in Germany and the JARA (Japan Robot Association) Award. In 1996 he received the Karl Heinz Beckurts Award, Germany’s most important award for outstanding promotion of the partnership between science and industry, and in 1997 the IEEE-Fellow Award. In 2004 he got the order of merit of the Federal Republic of Germany and became member of the “wall of fame” of the Heinz Nixdorf Computer Museum. In 2005 he received the IEEE Pioneer Award of the Robotics and Automation Society and the “honorary citizenship” of Budapest Tech, and in 2007 the IEEE Field Award “Robotics and Automation”. In 2008 he received the Nichols medal, one of the two highest awards of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) in the field of control. In 2014 he received the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art.
# Ashida

Ashida (written: 芦田) is a Japanese surname. People with the name include:
* Ashida Nobumori, (died 1575), holder of Mitake Castle
* Hitoshi Ashida (芦田 均, 1887–1959), Japanese politician who served as the 47th Prime Minister of Japan
* Jun Ashida (芦田 淳, 1930–2018), Japanese fashion designer
* Mana Ashida (芦田 愛菜, born 2004), Japanese child actress, tarento and singer
* Masanori Ashida (芦田 昌憲, born 1945), Japanese photographer
* Shinsuke Ashida (芦田 伸介, 1914–1999), Japanese actor
* Tae Ashida (芦田 多恵, born 1964), Japanese fashion designer
* Toyoo Ashida (芦田 豊雄, 1944–2011), Japanese anime character designer, animation director and director

## Fictional characters

* Noriko Ashida (codename Surge), a character from X-Men
# D55 road

D55 state road in the eastern part of Croatia connects the cities and towns of Vukovar, Vinkovci, Županja to the state road network of Croatia, and most notably to the A3 motorway. The road is 48.6 km (30.2 mi) long. The route comprises some urban intersections, mostly in the city of Vinkovci.
The D55 state road intersects the Vukovar-Srijem County exactly through an area that connects the regions of Slavonia and Syrmia.
The D55, indeed like all state roads in Croatia, is managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, state-owned company.

## Traffic volume

Traffic is regularly counted and reported by Hrvatske ceste, operator of the road.
D55 traffic volume :
| Road | Counting site | AADT | ASDT | Notes |
| D55 | 3706 Nuštar | 8,739 | 8,738 | Adjacent to Ž4134 junction. |
| D55 | 3710 Kunjevci | 6,199 | - | Adjacent to Ž4192 junction. Estimate by Hrvatske ceste. |
| D55 | 3719 Županja | 5,495 | 6,781 | The southernmost traffic counting site on the D55 road, adjacent to the border crossing. |

## Road junctions and populated areas

D55 junctions/populated areas :
* Slip roads/Notes
* Borovo (northwestern suburb of Vukovar) D2 to Osijek (to the west) and to Ilok (to the east). The northern terminus of the road.
* Bršadin
* Ž4111 to Pačetin, Bobota and Vera
* Nuštar Ž4134 to Ostrovo and Gaboš. Ž4136 to Cerić. Ž4137 to Bogdanovci.
* Vinkovci D46 to Đakovo and Tovarnik. Ž4136 to Cerić. Ž4169 entirely within Vinkovci. Ž4171 entirely within Vinkovci. Ž4290 entirely within Vinkovci.
* Ž4290 to Vinkovci and D46 as a bypass road.
* Ž4192 to Rokovci.
* Ž4193 to Privlaka.
* Ž4222 to Gradište.
* A3 in Županja interchange, to Slavonski Brod and Zagreb (to the west) and to Lipovac and Belgrade, Serbia (to the east).
* Županja D214 to Gunja and Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ž4170 to Gradište and Cerna.
* Županja border crossing. The southern terminus of the road. Bosnia and Herzegovina route 18 to Orašje.

## Maps

* ↑ Overview map of the D55 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved October 2, 2020.

## Sources

* ↑ "Regulation on motorway markings, chainage, interchange/exit/rest area numbers and names". Narodne novine (in Croatian). May 6, 2003.
* ↑ "Decision on categorization of public roads as state roads, county roads and local roads". Narodne novine (in Croatian). February 17, 2010.
* ↑ "Public Roads Act". Narodne novine (in Croatian). December 14, 2004.
* ↑ "Traffic counting on the roadways of Croatia in 2009 - digest" (PDF). Hrvatske ceste. May 1, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2011.
* ↑ 45°22′11″N 18°57′35″E﻿ / ﻿45.369848°N 18.9596°E﻿ / 45.369848; 18.9596
* ↑ 45°02′47″N 18°42′12″E﻿ / ﻿45.046364°N 18.703405°E﻿ / 45.046364; 18.703405
# Tuomas Enbuske

Tuomas Ville Juhana Enbuske (born 22 September 1977) is a Finnish radio and TV presenter and journalist.
# Turtiainen

Turtiainen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ano Turtiainen, Finnish politician
* Arvo Turtiainen (1904–1980), Finnish writer
* Jaakko Turtiainen (born 1991), Finnish professional ice hockey forward
* Toivo Turtiainen (1883–1920), Finnish politician
# Cymbiola hughmorrisoni

Cymbiola hughmorrisoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.
# Cymbiola intruderi

Cymbiola intruderi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes.

## Description

Shell size 90 mm.

## Distribution

Queensland, Australia.
# DEGES

The Deutsche Einheit Fernstraßenplanungs- und -bau GmbH (DEGES) (German Unity motorway planning and construction company) is a state-owned project management institution founded on October 7, 1991, about one year after the German reunification. The intention was to support the New Länder in the planning and preparation of necessary construction work on their old and new Autobahn highways.

## Organisation

Participators and owners of DEGES are the Federal Republic of Germany (42,91%) as well as the federal states Brandenburg, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein and Thuringia with 8,16% each. The company resides in Berlin, there are branches in every capital of the participating federal states. As of 2006, the company employs approximately 250 people.

## Order size

The company is responsible for the improvement or construction of 1200 km of Autobahn (750 km old, 450 km new) in the New Länder, as well as the City-Tunnel in Leipzig, with a total investment of approximately 9.6 billion €,