OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William F. Assmann

William F. Assmann (July 1862 – 19 October 1920) was a record setting balloonist.

## Biography

He was born in 1862 in St. Louis, Missouri.
In 1910 he ascended to 4,000 feet and traveled 206 miles.
On 17 October 1910, William Assman and Lieutenant Leopold Vogt, of the German Army, took off in the hydrogen-filled "Harburg III", from St. Louis, Missouri, one of ten balloons in the James Gordon Bennett International Balloon Race. At 6:10 pm, 18 October, they crossed into Canada; by 9:00 pm they opted to land as their ballast was getting low, but were over the waters of Georgian Bay, and thus continued onward. Two hours later, in the pitch black of night — having traveled 850 miles from St. Louis, at speeds upwards of 60 miles per hour -- Assman and Vogt, having used up all but 2 ½ sacks of ballast, decided they had no alternative but to put down. They were over Lake Nipissing, Ontario, at 18,000 feet. Lt. Vogt later described to newspaper reporters pulling a valve, and the "Harburg III" plummeting in a “terminal velocity descent”. As the aeronauts were about to be smashed to death on Gull Island, the wind cast their balloon into the lake. Both men were momentarily knocked unconscious by the impact. William Assman’s left arm was broken, and his right hand badly sprained, an artery in the wrist cut. Despite his injuries the men were forced to swim to nearby Gull Island, where they tied the balloon to a tree. For two hours they shouted for assistance, but were far enough out in the lake (which is deep in the Canadian wilderness) that they got no response.
After an all-night stay on the island, soaked and cold from their episode in the lake, Assman bleeding profusely from his cut, the aeronauts were rescued around 6:00 am by two local Native Indians passing by in a canoe. The men were paddled 10 miles to the tiny hamlet of Nipissing Village, south of the railway town of North Bay, Ontario. Assman's injuries were attended to by a local doctor. The "Harburg III" was towed to shore, and transported with its crew to New York by train. A number of the balloon’s instruments were lost, though it’s unknown if they fell in the lake or were pilfered as souvenirs.
The flight of William Assman and Lt. Vogt and their subsequent crash made headlines around the world. They placed fifth in the race.
In 1911 he took part in the Kansas City national balloon race in an elimination competition.
He died on 19 October 1920.
# 2015 in England

Events from 2015 in England

## Events
### January

* 4 January – The Höegh Osaka, a Singaporean cargo ship transporting luxury cars, runs aground near the Isle of Wight after it started listing shortly after leaving the Port of Southampton. An investigation is launched.
* 6 January – Figures from the last three months show that England's A&E waiting time performance has dropped to its worst levels for a decade.
* 9 January – Circle Holdings, the first private company to operate an NHS hospital, announces plans to withdraw from its contract to run Hinchingbrooke Hospital because it believes the franchise is "no longer viable under current terms".
* 12 January – 19-year-old Lewis Daynes who murdered 14-year-old Breck Bednar after meeting him online in February 2014, is sentenced to life in prison.
* 15 January – A set of council offices, a funeral parlour, and a thatched cottage are extensively damaged after they are set ablaze due to a spate of arson attacks in South Oxfordshire. A suspect is arrested.
* 17 January – Andrew Main, 47, of Rokemarsh, Roke, Wallingford, faces arson charges, one of which is intent to endanger life after spate of fires in Oxfordshire. A fire on lorry forces channel tunnel to be closed in both directions.
* 28 January – An earthquake of magnitude 3.8 is felt across the East Midlands.
* 31 January – The head of the Police Federation of England and Wales expresses his controversial support for all front-line police officers in England and Wales to be offered Tasers in light of the increased terrorism threat to the UK.

### February

* 2 February – London's population hits a record high of 8.6m and is forecast to reach 11m by 2050.
* 4 February – The entire cabinet of Rotherham Borough Council announces its intention to resign from office after a report into the Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal concludes the council's handling of the scandal was "not fit for purpose".

### July

* 27 July – Members of the Norwich sexual abuse ring are found guilty of the sexual abuse of children, with the crimes spanning a decade. Ringleader Marie Black is convicted of 23 counts of sex abuse, including rape.

### September

* 28 September – Members of a Norwich sexual abuse ring are jailed for "utterly depraved" sex abuse of children over a period of ten years. Ringleader Marie Black received the longest sentence of life imprisonment, with a minimum term of 24 years.

## Deaths

* 26 June – Denis Thwaites, 70, footballer (Birmingham City), victim of the 2015 Sousse attacks.
* 19 December – Greville Janner, Labour MP and lawyer (b. 1928)
# Beber (Ohre)

Beber is a river of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It flows into the Ohre near Haldensleben.
# Worldwide Center of Mathematics

The Worldwide Center of Mathematics (or Center of Math) is an American education technology company that publishes mathematics textbooks and produces educational videos and mathematical research. Since 2010, it has published the Journal of Singularities.

## History

The Center of Math was founded in 2008 by David B. Massey and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It publishes textbooks, and additionally offers open textbooks.
# Aroa sienna

Aroa sienna is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by George Hampson in 1891. It is found in India (Nilgiri) and Sri Lanka.
# Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher

Wilhelm Georg Friedrich Roscher (German:; 21 October 1817 – 4 June 1894) was a German economist from Hanover.

## Biography

Roscher studied at Göttingen, where he became a member of Corps Hannovera, and Berlin, and obtained a professorship at Göttingen in 1844 and subsequently at Leipzig in 1848.
The main origins of the historical school of political economy may be traced to Roscher. Its fundamental principles are dated to his Grundriss zu Vorlesungen über die Staatswirtschaft nach geschichtlicher Methode (1843). Politically, Roscher remained faithful to the liberalism of Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, which abjured revolution and anarchy but favored reform within the context of a constitutional monarchy. Historical economics began as a means of adjusting liberal thought and practice to the realities of the social question, namely: what should be done about the consequences of economic modernization and the classes displaced or exploited by the new industries.
Roscher tried to establish the laws of economic development by using the historical method from the investigation of histories legal, political, cultural and other aspects.
Roscher developed a cyclical theory where nations and their economies pass through youth, manhood and senile decay: "The method of a science is of greater significance by far than any single discovery, however amazing the later may be." This was in direct contrast to the English traditional economist who believed that the principles of a science were only exposed long after they had performed their duties.
This short study was afterwards expanded into his great System der Volkswirthschaft, published in five volumes between 1854 and 1894, and arranged as follows:
* vol. i., Die Grundlagen der National Ökonomie, 1854 (trans. by JJ Lalor, Principles of Political Economy, Chicago, 1878) (Volume One, Volume Two)
* vol. ii., Die Nationalökonomik des Ackerbaues und der verwandten Urproduktionen, 1859
* vol. iii., Die Nationalökonomik des Handels und Gewerbfleisses, 1881
* vol. iv., System der Finanzwissenschaft, 1886
* vol. v., System der Armenpflege und Armenpolitik, 1894
His Geschichte der Nationalökonomie in Deutschland (1874) is a monumental work.
He also published in 1842 an excellent commentary on the life and works of Thucydides. In 1847 he was the first to use the term "enlightened absolutism" about the type of absolute monarchy influenced by contemporary philosophy that evolved in the 18th century.
In 1857 his Zur Geschichte der Englischen Volkswirthschaftslehre im sechzehnten und siebzehnten Jahrhundert (On the History of English Political Economy in the 16th and 17th Century) was published.
In 1870, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Roscher died in 1894 in Leipzig. The classical scholar Wilhelm Heinrich Roscher (1845–1923) was his son.
# Gyrolepidoides

Gyrolepidoides is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived during the Late Triassic epoch in what is now Mendoza, Argentina.
# HMAS Swan

Three ships of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) have been named HMAS Swan, for the Swan River in Western Australia.
* HMAS Swan (D61), a River-class destroyer launched in 1915, decommissioned in 1928, and broken up for scrap
* HMAS Swan (U74), a Grimsby-class sloop launched in 1936, decommissioned in 1962, and broken up for scrap
* HMAS Swan (DE 50), a River-class destroyer escort launched in 1967, decommissioned in 1996, and scuttled as a dive wreck in 1997

## Battle honours

Ships named HMAS Swan are entitled to carry four battle honours:
* Adriatic 1917–18
* Darwin 1942
* Pacific 1941–45
* New Guinea 1943–44
# Léa Linster

Léa Linster (born 27 April 1955) is a Luxembourgish chef, and a gold medal winner of the 1989 Bocuse d'Or, the first and to date only woman to accomplish this.
Having received a Michelin star in 1987, Linster owns the restaurants Restaurant Léa Linster, Au Quai de la Gare and Kaschthaus, and has been named Maître Cuisinier of Luxembourg, awarded the Gastronomic Golden Key from Gault et Millau in 1996 and the Michele Schumacher Award in 2002.
She appeared in the Saarbrücken edition of the TV series Tatort in 2006 and in the episodes Aus der Traum and Der Tote vom Straßenrand as Linde-Wirtin in 2007. In January and February 2011, she was responsible for the menus served in Lufthansa first and business class.
Léa Linster has a son.
# 2003 2. deild karla

The 2003 season of 2. deild karla was the 38th season of third-tier football in Iceland.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Völsungur (C, P) | 18 | 15 | 1 | 2 | 63 | 25 | +38 | 46 | Promoted to 2004 1. deild karla |
| 2 | Fjölnir (P) | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 60 | 26 | +34 | 40 | Promoted to 2004 1. deild karla |
| 3 | Selfoss | 18 | 11 | 2 | 5 | 40 | 23 | +17 | 35 | |
| 4 | Víðir | 18 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 30 | 28 | +2 | 27 | |
| 5 | ÍR | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 35 | 34 | +1 | 26 | |
| 6 | Tindastóll | 18 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 33 | 35 | −2 | 25 | |
| 7 | KS | 18 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 32 | 38 | −6 | 23 | |
| 8 | KFS | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 37 | 47 | −10 | 19 | |
| 9 | Sindri (R) | 18 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 29 | 44 | −15 | 8 | Relegated to 2004 3. deild karla |
| 10 | Léttir (R) | 18 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 19 | 78 | −59 | 7 | Relegated to 2004 3. deild karla |

## Top scorers

| Scorer | Goals | Team |
| Sævar Gunnarsson | 17 | Sindri |
| Boban Jovic | 14 | Völsungur |
| Andri Valur Ívarsson | 13 | Völsungur |
| Davíð Þór Rúnarsson | 13 | Fjölnir |
| Ragnar Haukur Hauksson | 12 | KS |
| Ívar Björnsson | 12 | Fjölnir |
| Sindri Grétarsson | 10 | KFS |
| Kristmar Geir Björnsson | 10 | Tindastóll |
| Baldur Sigurðsson | 10 | Völsungur |
# László Willinger

László Josef Willinger (16 April 1909 – 8 August 1989) was a Jewish-German photographer who later became based in the United States. He is best known for his portrait photography of film stars and celebrities, a career he began in 1937.

## Biography

Willinger was born on 16 April 1909, either in Berlin, Germany, or Budapest, Hungary, to Margaret Willinger, also a photographer. He established photographic studios in Paris and Berlin in 1929 and 1931, respectively, while also submitting his photographs as a freelance contributor to various newspapers. Willinger left Berlin in 1933 when Adolf Hitler became chancellor, settling in Vienna, where he began photographing celebrities such as Marlene Dietrich, Hedy Lamarr, Pietro Mascagni, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Max Reinhardt.
By the mid-1930s, Willinger was traveling through Africa and Asia before being invited by studio photographer Eugene Robert Richee to move to the United States.
He sailed on the S/S Ile de France as a first-cabin passenger, departing Le Havre, France, on 30 June 1937 and arriving at the Port of New York on 6 July. His nationality was recorded as Austrian. Willinger entered the U.S. with a nonimmigrant visa. Eventually, he decided to stay. To comply with American immigration regulations, he had to leave the country and re-enter with a U.S. immigrant visa. He went to Mexico, obtained the visa, and re-crossed into the United States at Mexicali, Mexico, on 20 December 1937. He then resided in Los Angeles, California.
After establishing a studio in Hollywood, California, Willinger became a frequent contributor to magazines and periodicals, providing cover portraits of some of the most popular stars. He was one of the first Hollywood photographers to experiment with color photography.
In his later years, shortly before his death, Willinger was accused of stalking some celebrities, including Charlie Chaplin. An investigation into the matter led to the discovery of thousands of personal photographs of the male comedy star.
Willinger died of heart failure on 8 August 1989 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.

## Legacy

Several of his portraits are held in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London.

## Gallery

* Studio portrait photo / headshot of Donna Reed by László Willinger.
* Studio portrait photo / headshot of Edna May Oliver by László Willinger.
* Studio portrait photo / headshot of Luise Rainer by László Willinger for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, ca. 1937.
# Luscan

Luscan (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Luschka's crypts

In anatomy, Luschka's crypts are mucous membrane indentations of the inner wall of the gall bladder. They are named after German anatomist Hubert Von Luschka.
# Luscher

Luscher or Lüscher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christian Lüscher (born 1963), Swiss attorney and politician
* Christian Lüscher (neurobiologist) (born 1963), Swiss neurobiologist
* Gustav S. Luscher (1856–1943), American businessman and politician
* Henry R. Luscher, American politician
* Ingeborg Lüscher (born 1936), German-Swiss artist
* Jonas Lüscher (born 1976), Swiss-German writer and essayist
* Max Lüscher (1923–2017), Swiss psychotherapist
* Peter Lüscher (born 1956), Swiss alpine ski racer
* Rudolf Lüscher (born 1945), Swiss former wrestler
* Susanne Lüscher, Swiss orienteering competitor
* Sven Lüscher (born 1984), Swiss footballer
# HK Košice

HK Košice is a handball club from Košice, Slovakia, that plays in the Niké Handball Extraliga.

## History

The handball club was founded in 1967 under the name TJ VSŽ Košice. After the 1971/72 season, when they won the Czechoslovak 2nd League, the handball players from Košice were promoted to the Czechoslovak I.Liga, in which they played without a break until the classification of Czechoslovakia in 1993. In the 1977/1978 season, the club won its first Czechoslovakia league title. After that, he won the Czechoslovakia championship twice more: in the 1980/81 and 1988/1989 seasons. In 1980, they won the Czechoslovakia Cup. After the independence of Slovakia, they won the National Championship of Slovakia twice: in 1997 and 1999. They won the National Cup of Slovakia 9 times: in 1979, 1980, 1983, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999 and 2003.

### Naming history

| Name | Period |
| TJ VSŽ Košice | 1967−1998 |
| HK TJ VSŽ Košice | 1998–1999 |
| HK VSŽ Košice | 1999–2006 |
| 1.MHK Košice | 2006–2015 |
| HŠK ŠG Košice | 2015–2020 |
| HK Košice | 2020–present |

### Club crest
## Sports Hall information

* Name: – Handball aréna Bernolákova
* City: – Košice
* Capacity: – 500
* Address: – Handball aréna, ZŠ Bernolákova 16, Košice, Slovakia

## Management

| Position | Name |
| President | Ondrej Melich |
| Vice President | Dušan Timko |

## Team
### Current squad

    Squad for the 2022–23 season
HK Košice :
Goalkeepers
16 Maroš Popčák
23 Michal Shejbal
66 Milan Kľučár
Left Wingers
24 Jakub Chudík
29 Dominik Bakši
42 Martin Straňovský
Right Wingers
04 Adam Takáč
28 Filip Jászai
Line Players
27 Erik Ľoch
33 Marián Maguška
69 Michal Capík
Central Backs
90 Vladimír Guzy
Left Backs
08 Matúš Hriňák
11 Ondrej Melich
19 Peter Tumidalský
Right Backs
03 Patrik Hruščák
07 Jakub Dani
15 Maroš Baláž :

### Technical staff

* Head coach: Martin Lipták
* Goalkeeping coach: Richard Štochl
* Fitness coach: Jaroslav Dulina
* Club doctor: Dr. Peter Polan

### Transfers

    Transfers for the 2022–23 season

## Accomplishments

* National Championship of Slovakia: 2
** 1997, 1999
* National Cup of Slovakia: 9
** 1979, 1980, 1983, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2003
* Czechoslovakia Handball League: 3
** 1978, 1981, 1989
* National Cup of Czechoslovakia: 1
** 1980

## Former club members
### Notable former players

* Radoslav Antl (1995–2001, 2009–2016)
* Vlastimil Fuňák (2000–2004, 2009–2016)
* Patrik Hruščák (2006–2008, 2011–2013, 2021–)
* Maroš Kolpak (1995–1997)
* Michal Kopčo (2004–2005)
* Radoslav Kozlov (2000–2002)
* Matej Mikita (2012–2016)
* Teodor Paul (2004–2008)
* Michal Shejbal (2002–2004, 2010–2011, 2021–)
* Richard Štochl (1998–1999)
* Martin Straňovský (2021–)
* Tomáš Urban (2006–2010)
# HMS Anzac

Two ships of the Royal Navy has borne the name HMS Anzac, after the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). Another was planned but never completed:
* HMS Anzac, a trawler hired by the Admiralty in 1916 to serve as an auxiliary minesweeper. She was renamed HMS Anzac II in 1917, and remained in service until 1919
* HMS Anzac (1917) was a Parker-class flotilla leader launched in 1917, transferred to the Royal Australian Navy in 1919 as HMAS Anzac and sold in 1935.
* HMS Anzac (P431) was to have been an Amphion-class submarine, cancelled in 1945.
# Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies

The Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies (CMRS) in Oxford, England, is a programme for international students (mainly American) to study in Oxford, and also encourages research in the humanities and fields of Medieval and Renaissance studies. It was founded by Dr. John and Dr. Sandra J.K.M Feneley in 1975. In 2014, CMRS became part of the global network of Middlebury College C.V. Starr Schools Abroad and is now known as the Middlebury College-CMRS Oxford Humanities Program (M-CMRS). The CMRS has long been affiliated with Keble College, Oxford, and participants are associate members of the College with access to all its facilities. Among the American colleges and universities that have sent students to CMRS are The University of Georgia, Elmhurst College, St. Mary's College of California, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Olaf College, William Jewell College, Middlebury College, Manhattanville College, and Campbell University.
CMRS is located in St. Michael's Hall on Shoe Lane, close to Carfax at the very center of Oxford. St Michael's Hall is a large building and contains, among other things, a lecture hall, teaching rooms, offices for the M-CMRS administration, the Feneley Library, and several floors of student accommodation, including a kitchen, dining room, and Junior Common Room.
Ten weeks of each semester coincide with Oxford University's Michaelmas or Hilary Terms.
# Lussac

Lussac may refer to the following places in France:
* Lussac, Charente, a commune in the department of Charente
* Lussac, Charente-Maritime, a commune in the department of Charente-Maritime
* Lussac, Gironde, a commune in the department of Gironde
* Lussac-les-Châteaux, a commune in the department of Vienne
* Lussac-les-Églises, a commune in the department of Haute-Vienne
# Lussac, Charente

Lussac (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.
# Luss Hills

The Luss Hills are a hill range located in Argyll, Scotland. They are part of the southern foothills of the Grampian Mountains and lie west of Loch Lomond, above the village of Luss in the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park.
A popular destination for hillwalking, the highest peak in the range is Doune Hill at 734 m. Other Hills include Beinn Eich, Beinn Dubh and Mid Hill.
# Görög Katolikus Szemle (1899–1918)

Görög Katolikus Szemle ('Greek Catholic Survey') was a Hungarian-language Greek Catholic weekly newspaper published from Ungvár, Subcarpathian Rus, between 1899–1918. Görög Katolikus Szemle was the organ of the Society of Saint Basil the Great 1899–1901, and by the Unio Book Publishing Company 1902–1918.
Viktor Kaminsky was the editor of the newspaper for most of its existence.
Politically, the newspaper represented a sector of the Greek Catholic clergy. The group behind Görög Katolikus Szemle supported the Habsburg monarchy, but opposed Hungarian assimilation of the Rusyn people. The group symbolically supported use of Church Slavonic and Cyrillic script.
Görög Katolikus Szemle was closed down in December 1918, after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian empire. In 1919 Kárpát was launched as a continuation, but that publication did not last beyond that year.
# Central Air Command (Pakistan)

The Central Air Command (CAC) is one of six Major Commands in the Pakistan Air Force, reporting to the Air Headquarters at Islamabad. It is the forefront command of the PAF which handles operational activities near the Indian borders in Pakistan's Punjab province. Central Air Command is headquartered at PAF Base Lahore in the provincial capital of Lahore.
CAC is commanded by a senior PAF officer known as the "Air Officer Commanding" or "AOC", who is of Air Vice Marshal rank.

## History

During the Indo-Pakistani wars like the 1965 War and the 1971 War, Indian attacks and invasions were focused towards the central parts of Pakistan. Hence to centralize operations in the theatre, Central Air Command (CAC) was established by the PAF in July 1982. While initially headquartered in the building of Combat Commander's School at PAF Base Sargodha, it was shifted to a new location at the base of the Kirana Hills Site where it stayed for 20 years. In 2007, the command was transferred to its current location at PAF Base Lahore where it received a new office at the old terminal of the Lahore Airport by November 2018.

## Components

The command controls various PAF bases which have squadrons equipped with F-16s, JF-17s, Mirage IIIs, Mirage Vs and Dassault Falcon 20s. It also commands the largest Dassault Mirage fleet in the world.
* PAF Base Mushaf
** No. 38 Wing
* PAF Base Rafiqui
** No. 34 Wing
* PAF Base Lahore
* PAF Base Sakesar
* Ghazi Airbase