OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charlie Hall (defensive back)

Charles Val Hall Jr. (March 31, 1948 – May 14, 1998) was a National Football League defensive back who played his entire career for the Green Bay Packers. Hall was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he attended Lower Merion High School. He played football at Lower Merion, where he set various records, including rushing for 250 yards in a game, scoring 5 touchdowns in a game and average 8.6 yards per rush over an entire season. After high school, he attended the University of Pittsburgh where he played for the Pittsburgh Panthers football team. Going into college, Hall started as a halfback on offense but was moved during his first year to defensive back because of a shortage of players at that position. During his second year, he became a starter, a position he would not relinquish for the rest of his college career.
Hall was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 1971 NFL draft. He played in 83 games for the Packers over six seasons, recording two interceptions and one fumble recovery. During his time with the Packers, he developed a reputation for being aggressive and a hard hitter, while primarily filling a utility role for the Packers defense. Sometime in 1994, Hall had a heart attack and required angioplasty surgery. Four years later, on May 18, 1998, he had another heart attack and died at the age of 50.
# W. G. Vowles

William Gibbons Vowles (usually known as W. G. Vowles or Vowles) (1826 – 25 February 1912) was an English pipe organ maker and refurbisher in Bristol, who established his practice in 1856, although with antecedents dating back to 1753. On his retirement in 1908, the firm was incorporated as W. G. Vowles Ltd. That successor firm was acquired by J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd in 1958. Most Vowles organs were installed in the South West of England.

## Early life

Vowles was born in Bristol in 1826, the son of Reuben Vowles, a glazier, and his first wife Louisa (née Hopkins).

## Origins of his practice

Brice Seede (1709–1790) was an architect and woodcarver who settled in Bristol in 1753, becoming an organ-builder. He was succeeded by his son Richard Seede (1743–1823). In turn, the younger Seede was succeeded by his apprentice, John Smith (1781–1847). Smith was succeeded by his nephew, Joseph Monday (1798–1856).
Some notable organs have survived from Vowles's predecessor practices. One of the Seedes, as well as Smith, Monday and Vowles, all worked on the 1719 Renatus Harris organ at Bristol Cathedral, with Vowles rebuilding it in 1861. The 1794 Brice Seede organ at Powderham Castle is still extant, albeit slightly modified. The 1785 Richard Seede organ at Lulworth Castle is also still extant. The 1830 John Smith organ in the Lord Mayor's Chapel in Bristol is another survivor, with modifications by Vowles and Percy Daniel.

## Career

Vowles was trained as an organ-builder by Joseph Monday (also spelt Munday), whose daughter he married. He founded his own firm in 1856, on Monday's death. Vowles retired in 1908, at which point the practice was incorporated as a limited company, W. G. Vowles Ltd. The firm suffered a factory fire in 1924, but continued to trade, until it was taken over by J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd in 1958.

## Personal life

In 1848 he married Eliza Matilda Rowles Monday, daughter of the organ-builder Joseph Monday. They had three sons and two daughters; two of the sons followed their father in the organ-building trade.

## Some Vowles organs

Few organs by Vowles have survived in their original specification. Many have been lost. Notable losses include that in the former Catholic Pro-Cathedral of the Holy Apostles, Bristol.
A survivor, although much modified by Roger Taylor in 1997, is the 1707 Renatus Harris organ in Christ Church, Bristol, rebuilt by Vowles in 1869 and 1889. The church describes the organ in its current specification as "immensely satisfying to play". Another survivor, little modified, is Vowles's organ in St Benet's Catholic church in Beccles, Suffolk, originally built for the Catholic church in nearby Bungay.
Not all opinions about Vowles's organs were positive. In 1909 the 1867 Vowles organ in St Mary Redcliffe, Bristol was regarded as "impossibly obsolete" (and was replaced by a new-build by Harrison & Harrison). In the 1980s, Mander Organs entirely rebuilt the Vowles organ in the chapel at Mill Hill School, London, describing it as "inaccessible, unreliable and uninspiring".
# Tenure review in the South Island

Tenure review is a process of reviewing the leasehold tenure of some high country land in the South Island of New Zealand. It currently involves 20% of the South Island or 10% of the total land area of New Zealand. Tenure review began with the passing of the Crown Pastoral Land Act 1998.
Historically, much of the high country area has been grazed by sheep and cattle. From the mid-1930s to the mid-1980s, about 27% of New Zealand's land area was either leased or licensed from the Crown. In the South Island pastoral farming relied on Crown leasehold land. About one-fifth of the occupied land in Otago was freehold. In Canterbury, about two-fifths of occupied land was freehold.
In 2006, Lincoln University lecturer Ann Brower argued that the process is in favour of the lessees rather than the government.
In 2008, the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment carried out an investigation into tenure review. A number of recommendations were made, including the establishment of a High Country Commission for a fixed period of time in order to address issues involving the high country.
# One Time for All Time

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Drowned in Sound | |
| Sonic Frontiers | (favourable) |
One Time for All Time is the second studio album by the instrumental post-rock band 65daysofstatic, released on October 24, 2005 on Monotreme.
"Radio Protector" was released as a 7" single in February 2006 on Monotreme Records. The band have stated on their website that this will be the only single release from the album.

## Track listing

* "Drove Through Ghosts to Get Here" – 4:18
* "Await Rescue" – 4:44
* "23kid" – 4:32
* "Welcome to the Times" – 3:53
* "Mean Low Water" – 4:00
* "Climbing on Roofs (DeSperate Edit)" – 2:27
* "The Big Afraid" – 2:08
* "65 Doesn't Understand You" – 5:36
* "Radio Protector" – 5:26
Bonus tracks on Japanese release (previously released on Retreat! Retreat! single)
* "AOD" – 6:15
* "The Major Cities of the World Are Being Destroyed One By One By the Monsters" – 4:09
# W19 (nuclear artillery shell)

The W19, also called Katie, was an American nuclear artillery shell, derived from the earlier W9 shell. The W19 was fired from a special 11-inch (28 cm) howitzer. It was introduced in 1955 and retired in 1963.

## Specifications

The W19 was 11 inches (28 cm) in diameter, 54 inches (140 cm) long, and weighed 600 pounds (270 kg). It had a yield of 15–20 kilotons and was like its predecessor the W9, a gun-type nuclear weapon.

## Variants
### W23

The W19 nuclear system was adapted into a nuclear artillery shell for the US Navy's 16-inch (406 mm) main battery found on the Iowa-class battleships, the W23. Production of the W23 began in 1956 and they were in service until 1962, with a total of 50 units being produced.
The W23 was 16 inches (406 mm) in diameter and 64 inches (160 cm) long, with a weight given variously as 1,500 or 1,900 pounds (680 or 860 kg) in reference sources. As with the W19, yield was 15–20 kilotons.
# Opduwer

An opduwer or opdrukker is a small tug- or towboat that was used in the Low Countries to push barges on inland waterways. Opduwers were predominantly in use in the first half of the twentieth century. During that time the internal combustion engine got adapted for inland shipping. Earlier, barges were propelled either by sail or by towing from shore by horse or manpower. Fitting an engine and propeller to an existing barge was found cumbersome however. It was easier to construct a small tugboat and use this to propel the existing barge. Opduwers were built between about 1910 to 1940. A large number survive as pleasure craft.

## Usage

The skipper of the barge was commonly also the owner of the opduwer so barge and tugboat formed a working pair. The barge was sometimes towed but most commonly pushed by the opduwer. The word opduwer literally translates to 'on-pusher' in English. When used as a pusher the opduwer was lashed to the stern of the barge and often controlled from the barge using a string or the boat hook. The opduwer offered additional advantages to the skipper as it could be used as a handy motorboat for various tasks and there was no noise or vibration from the engine in the barge itself.

## Construction

The first opduwers of around 1910 were simple wooden rowing boats that had an engine fitted. Later opduwers were built on shipyards, often from material that was left over from the construction of large ships. Early opduwers were made of either wood or steel but later only steel was used. Common sizes were from 4.5 to 6 meters long and 1.5 meters wide, weighing between 1 and 3 ton. Some were completely open boats while other opduwers featured decks and a roof to protect the engine from the weather. Common engines came from automobiles, often including the gear box. Having an engine of around 6 hp the opduwer could reach about 7 to 10 km/h.

## Sources

* R. Martens & F. Loomeijer. Binnenvaartschepen. Uitgeverij de Alk, Alkmaar, 1977. ISBN 9060136926
# Charlie Major

Charles Bernard Major (born December 31, 1954) is a Canadian country music artist. He has recorded seven studio albums and released more than twenty singles. In 2019 he was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame.

## Musical career

Born in Aylmer, Quebec, Charlie Major knew he wanted to be a musician since he was 19 years old. He was blinded in one eye as a result of a pellet gun accident when he was 12. Major released his debut album in Canada, The Other Side, in 1993. All six singles released from the album went to No. 1 on the RPM Country chart.
He won the Juno Award as Country Male Vocalist of the Year two years in a row (Juno Awards in 1994 and 1995). Five major Canadian Country Music Awards followed, along with songwriting honours from SOCAN, and a BMI Award in 1993 for "Backroads", recorded by Ricky Van Shelton in 1991 on his Backroads album, as the "Most Performed Song in America." In 2006 he made an appearance on the television show Holmes on Homes.

## Personal life

Charlie Major is divorced and is the father of three sons. He divides his time between homes in Ottawa, Ontario; and in Nashville, Tennessee, where he first moved in 1994. Today Major spends the majority of his time in his native Canada.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Association | Category | Result |
| 1994 | Juno Awards of 1994 | Country Male Vocalist of the Year | Won |
| 1994 | Juno Awards of 1994 | Best New Solo Artist | Nominated |
| 1994 | Canadian Country Music Association | SOCAN Song of the Year — "I'm Going to Drive You Out of My Mind" | Won |
| 1994 | Canadian Country Music Association | Single of the Year — "I'm Going to Drive You Out of My Mind" | Won |
| 1994 | Canadian Country Music Association | Male Artist of the Year | Won |
| 1995 | Juno Awards of 1995 | Country Male Vocalist of the Year | Won |
| 1995 | Canadian Country Music Association | Male Artist of the Year | Won |
| 1996 | Juno Awards of 1996 | Country Male Vocalist of the Year | Won |
| 1996 | Juno Awards of 1996 | Best Male Vocalist | Nominated |
| 1996 | Canadian Country Music Association | Male Artist of the Year | Won |
# Charles Carney (Jacobite)

Sir Charles Carney was an Irish professional soldier, who later in his career became a Jacobite. He served as an officer in the Irish Army of James II during the Williamite War in Ireland.

## Career

Carney was an officer in the army of Charles II, during which time he served on the Continent. In 1685 he raised a company in the Earl of Bath's Regiment and was later promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy. At the outbreak of the Revolution of 1688 Carney stayed loyal to James II and was rewarded with the regiment's colonelcy, and subsequently followed James when the latter was deposed by William of Orange.
In 1689 the Catholic Carney was appointed Governor of newly captured Coleraine. Following the failed Siege of Derry, Jacobite forces began evacuating north-western Ulster as the reinforced Protestant forces advanced. When he received intelligence of the approach of General Percy Kirke and some Enniskillen troops, both of whom had acquired a ferocious reputation, Carney abandoned Coleraine and headed southwards to Jacobite-held Charlemont. His position might have become increasingly dangerous had he remained as Marshal Schomberg's expeditionary force landed and captured Carrickfergus and other settlements along the County Antrim coastline.
During the Battle of the Boyne the following year, Carney commanded the Jacobite reserve.
Following the Jacobite defeat, Carney may have joined the Irish Brigade in French service: along with a number of other Irish officers he was reported killed at the Battle of Marsaglia in 1693.
# Charles Carnegy

Charles Gilbert Carnegy MVO (29 June 1864 – 23 April 1928) was an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.
The son of Major-General Alexander Carnegy CB, he was born in British India in June 1864. Carnegy was educated in England at Clifton College, before attending the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He graduated from there into the Worcestershire Regiment as a lieutenant in August 1884. Soon after he was transferred to the East Yorkshire Regiment, followed by a further transfer to the Bombay Staff Corps in March 1886. He fought against the Burmese resistance movement from 1886 to 1888, in addition to being appointed aide-de-camp to his father in India in June 1887. He was later promoted to captain in August 1895.
While in India, he played first-class cricket for the Europeans cricket team on seven occasions in the Bombay Presidency Match between 1892 and 1902. Carnegy scored 75 runs in these seven matches, at an average of exactly 8 and a high score of 15. Having been previously promoted to major, he was later promoted to lieutenant colonel in February 1909, while serving as commandant with the 107th Pioneers. Carnegy was made a member of the Royal Victorian Order, 4th Class in December 1911. He later served during the First World War, being assigned to the East Surrey Regiment in November 1914, with him being placed in command of a battalion in September 1916. He was made a brevet colonel in January 1917, and commanded the 52nd Graduated Battalion, Rifle Brigade in the latter stages of the war. Carnegy died suddenly on 23 April 1928 at Stutton, Suffolk. He was a member of the wider Northesk family.
# Teleconversion

Teleconversion may refer to:
* changing a telephone number on a line to another number
* use of a teleconverter lens on a camera
# Charles J. S. Thompson

Charles John Samuel Thompson (27 August 1862 – 14 July 1943) MBE was a British physician and writer.
Thompson was educated at University of Liverpool where he studied chemistry and pharmacy. In 1909 he became the curator for the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine. In 1927 he was elected by the Royal College of Surgeons of England as honorary curator of the Historical Section at their museum in Lincoln's Inn Fields. Most of the collection was destroyed during World War II attacks in May 1941.
He was well educated in toxicology and was the author of the book Poisons and Poisoners (1931). He was a member of the Royal Society of Medicine.

## Publications

* The Mysteries of Sex: Women Who Posed as Men and Men Who Impersonated Women (1938)
* History and Evolution of Surgical Instruments (1942)
* The Mystic Mandrake (1934)
* Alchemy and Alchemists (1932)
* Poisons and Poisoners (1931)
* The Mystery and Lore of Monsters (1930)
* The Art of the Apothecary (1929)
* Quacks of Old London (1928)
* The Mystery and Lure of Perfume (1927)
* The Mysteries & Secrets of Magic (1927)
* Poison Mysteries in History, Romance and Crime (1924)
* Zorastro, A Romance (1899) as "Creswick J Thompson"
* Poison Romance and Poison Mysteries (1899)
* Notes on Pharmacy and Dispensing for Nurses (1898)
* The Mystery and Romance of Alchemy and Pharmacy (1897)
* The Hand of Destiny: Folklore and Superstition for Everyday Life (1893)
* Practical Dispensing for Students, Pharmaceutical and Medical (1891)
# Terence Flanagan

Terence Flanagan (born 1 January 1975) is an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as a Dublin City Councillor from 2019 to 2024. He previously served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin North-East constituency from 2007 to 2016.

## Career

He was a member of Dublin City Council from 2003 until 2007, originally co-opted onto the council to replace Richard Bruton, due to the ending of dual mandates in September 2003, he was elected to the Council in 2004 obtaining 2594 first preference votes. Upon Flanagan's election to the Dáil in 2007 for the now defunct Dublin North East Constituency, his brother Declan Flanagan P.C was co-opted onto the City Council as his replacement.
In February 2008, Flanagan made a speech which was notably similar to a previous one by Labour Party TD Joan Burton. He initially denied that the speech was copied, but later issued a statement admitting and apologising for the plagiarism. He was Fine Gael deputy spokesperson on the Environment, with special responsibility for Housing, from October 2007 to March 2011. Flanagan was re-elected to the Dáil in February 2011 with 12,332 first-preference votes.
Flanagan was expelled from the Fine Gael parliamentary party on 2 July 2013, when he defied the party whip by voting against the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Bill 2013. On 13 September 2013, he and six other expellees formed the Reform Alliance, described as a "loose alliance" rather than a political party.
On 13 March 2015, Renua was launched, with Flanagan as one of its three sitting TDs and many other Reform Alliance members as declared election candidates. Later that day Flanagan represented the party in an interview on RTÉ's Drivetime radio news programme, where he was unable to answer any questions about the party's policies.
Flanagan stood as a Renua candidate for the new Dublin Bay North constituency at the 2016 general election, but lost his seat, being eliminated at the 9th count.
In April 2017, it was announced that he would rejoin Fine Gael.
In November 2018, he was selected by local Fine Gael branches to be a candidate in the Donaghmede Local Electoral Area of Dublin City Council to contest the 2019 Local Elections. In April 2019, he was warned by Dublin City Council litter wardens for breach of regulations after putting up election posters in advance of the permitted day. He claimed he was at a disadvantage for having done so. He was also forced to apologise after his poster erections at 3 am alarmed an elderly woman.
Flanagan was elected to Dublin City Council in the 2019 local elections, in the Donaghmede area. He failed to win re-election in the 2024 local elections.
# Verein Deutscher Ingenieure

Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) (English: Association of German Engineers) is an organization of about 135,000 engineers and natural scientists. More than 12,000 honorary experts process the latest technical findings each year to promote the technology location. Established in 1856, it is the largest engineering association in Western Europe. Its role in Germany is comparable to that of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) in the United States or Engineers Australia (EA) in Australia, but includes broader field work. It is not a union, but promotes the advancement of technology and represents the interests of engineers and engineering businesses in Germany.

## History

The organization was founded on May 12, 1856 by fellow researchers from the Academic Fraternity Hütte, in the small town of Alexisbad, with the first journal officially being released to the public in 1857. In 1866 the VDI helped establish the predecessor of Technischer Überwachungsverein, the Dampfkesselüberwachungsvereinen (English: Steam boiler inspection association). At the time, engineering was not regarded to be of the same ranking as scientific disciplines, which the VDI changed in 1899, with the re-categorisation of the Technische Hochschule as a type of University. In 1923 the VDI Verlag was founded, publishing monthly newspapers which are distributed to members. After the Second World War the VDI moved its headquarters from Berlin to Düsseldorf, where it remains now today. It also helped establish the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Kerntechnik (English: Society for Nuclear Technology) in 1956, which resulted in the German Atomforum, in 1959. In recent times, the VDI worked in conjunction with EXPO 2000 Hannover GmbH to establish the first worldwide engineering day.

## Structure

Throughout its history, the VDI has been served by many presidents, including:
* Carl von Linde (1904–1905)
* Oskar von Miller (1912–1914)
* Fritz Todt (1939–1942)
* Hans Bluhm (1947–1952)
* Hans Schuberth (1953–1956)
* Gerhard Wilhelm Becker (1978–1982)
* Karl Eugen Becker (1983–1988)
* Joachim Pöppel (1989–1991)
* Klaus Czeguhn (1992–1994)
* Hans-Jürgen Warnecke (1995–1997)
* Hubertus Christ (1998–2003)
* Eike Lehmann (2004–2007)
* Bruno O. Braun (2007-2012)
* Udo Ungeheuer (2013–2018)
* Volker Kefer (2019–2022)
* Lutz Eckstein (since 2023)

## Notable Members

* Blake R. Van Leer, United States Army officer and president of Georgia Institute of Technology
* Carl von Linde

## Membership

In 2013 the VDI had over 150,000 registered members worldwide, which also included scientists and I.T professionals. Members have opportunities to ask for help regarding job prospects and opportunities, receive news about the engineering profession, especially in Germany, as well as other services such as specialized insurance. Members are also able to attach the suffix VDI upon becoming a member, and is classified as a legitimate name suffix.
# Ashutosh Sabharwal

Ashutosh Sabharwal is a professor of electrical engineering from Rice University, Houston, TX. He received the Ph.D. in the field in 1999 from The Ohio State University. He was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for contributions to the theory and experimentation of wireless systems and networks. He was named to the 2022 class of ACM Fellows, "for the invention of full-duplex wireless and open-source wireless research platforms".
# Night in Jinling

Night in Jinling (Chinese: 金陵之夜) is a 1985 Chinese film. It was directed by Qian Jiang, the son of Qian Zhuangfei.

## Plot

In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang turned against the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and initiated the Shanghai massacre. Qian Zhuangfei left his home in Beijing and went to Shanghai. Qian entered the service of Xu Enzeng, a cousin of Chen Lifu. In 1931, Gu Shunzhang, CCP security chief, was captured by the Kuomintang and defected, betraying many other CCP members. Qian manages to warn Zhou Enlai but is himself betrayed by Gu Shunzhang.

## Cast

* Kong Xiangyu as Qian Zhuangfei
* Zhu Decheng as Gu Shunzhang
* Wang Tiecheng as Zhou Enlai
* Sun Feihu as Chiang Kai-shek
* Liu Jian as Chen Lifu
* Zhu Mingzi as Zhang Zhenhua, Qian Zhuangfei's wife
* Ai Junmai as Xu Enzeng
* Qiu Hewei as Li Kenong
* Tan Tianxian as Hu Di
* Wang Biao as Cai Mengjian