OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arthur Henfrey (botanist)

Arthur Henfrey (1 November 1819 – 7 September 1859) was an English surgeon and botanist.

## Life

Henfrey was born of English parents at Aberdeen on 1 November 1819. He studied medicine and surgery at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, and was admitted a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1843. Poor health caused him to give up his medical career.
In 1847 Henfrey lectured on plants at the medical school of St. George's Hospital. He then succeeded Edward Forbes in the botanical chair at King's College London in 1853; and was examiner in natural history to the Royal Military Academy and also to the Society of Arts. He was elected an associate of the Linnean Society in 1843, and a fellow in the next year. In 1852 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society.
Henfrey died at Turnham Green on 7 September 1859. The genus Henfreya of John Lindley, of the Acanthaceæ, was merged into the Asystasia of Blume.

## Works

Henfrey wrote:
* Anatomical Manipulations, 1844, with Alfred Tulk.
* Outlines of Structural and Physiological Botany, 1847.
* Reports and Papers on Botany, Ray Society, 1849.
* The Rudiments of Botany, 1849; 2nd edit. 1859.
* The Vegetation of Europe, its Conditions and Causes, 1852.
* The Relations of Botanical Science to other Branches of Knowledge, 1854.
* Introductory Address, King's College, London, 1856.
* An Elementary Course of Botany, 1857; fourth ed. 1884.
* On the Educational Claims of Botanical Science, 1857.
He translated:
* On Vegetable Cells, by Carl von Nägeli; for the Ray Society, 1846.
* Chemical Field Lectures, by Julius Adolph Stöckhardt, 1847.
* The Earth, Plants, and Man, by Joakim Frederik Schouw, 1847.
* The Plant, by Matthias Schleiden, 1848.
* Principles of the Anatomy of the Vegetable Cell, by Hugo von Mohl, 1851.
* In: Botanical and physiological memoirs…, 1853:
** The phenomenon of rejuvenescence in nature, especially in the life and development of plants, by Alexander Braun.
Henfrey also edited:
* Scientific Memoirs (New Series, Natural History), 1837, with Thomas Henry Huxley.
* The Botanical Gazette, 1849.
* Journal of the Photographic Society, vols. i. and ii., 1853.
* Micrographic Dictionary, 1854, with John William Griffith.
* A revised and enlarged edition of George William Francis's Anatomy of the British Ferns, 1855.

## Family

Henfrey married Elizabeth Anne Henry, eldest daughter of the Hon. Jabez Henry. She survived her husband for more than 40 years, and died 86 years old at Hanworth House, Chertsey, on 10 October 1902. Henry William Henfrey the numismatist was their son.
# Maciej Kuroń

Maciej Kuroń (Polish pronunciation:; 8 March 1960–25 December 2008), was a Polish journalist and culinary publicist. He was a host of television culinary shows, which made him very popular in Poland. He was the son of Jacek Kuroń.
In 1980, as a student of Pedagogical College in Olsztyn, Kuroń represented Olsztyn's students in Warsaw's Founding Committee of the Independent Students Union. During the martial law in Poland, he was in 1982 expelled from college by Communist authorities. Later, he studied at The Culinary Institute of America, and in 1998 became host of a TV show Cook together with Kuroń, presented by the TVN. He also authored several cookbooks, including Polish Cuisine.
A father of four, Kuroń died unexpectedly of acute heart failure, on 25 December 2008 at his home in Izabelin near Warsaw. He was buried on 7 January 2009, at the Powązki Cemetery. On the same day, President Lech Kaczynski awarded him the Officer's Cross of the Polonia Restituta "for outstanding achievements in his work for democratic change in Poland and for his involvement in shaping the social attitudes of the Poles".
# EPR

EPR may refer to:

## Science and technology

* EPR (nuclear reactor), European Pressurised-Water Reactor
* EPR paradox (Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox), in physics
* Earth potential rise, in electrical engineering
* East Pacific Rise, a mid-oceanic ridge
* Electron paramagnetic resonance
* Engine pressure ratio, of a jet engine
* Ethylene propylene rubber
* Yevpatoria RT-70 radio telescope (Evpatoria planetary radar)
* Bernays–Schönfinkel class or effectively propositional, in mathematical logic
* Endpoint references in Web addressing
* Ethnic Power Relations, dataset of ethnic groups
* ePrivacy Regulation (ePR), proposal for the regulation of various privacy-related topics, mostly in relation to electronic communications within the European Union

## Medicine

* Enhanced permeability and retention effect, a controversial concept in cancer research
* Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation, a medical procedure
* Electronic patient record

## Environment

* UNECE Environmental Performance Reviews, of environmental policies
* Environmental pricing reform
* Extended producer responsibility for environmental costs

## Organisations

* EPR Architects, London, UK
* European Platform for Rehabilitation
* Popular Revolutionary Army (Spanish: Ejército Popular Revolucionario), a guerrilla movement in Mexico
* Popular Regular Army (Spanish: Ejército Popular Regular), Spain, 1936
* East Pakistan Rifles, later Border Guards Bangladesh
* Energy Power Resources, operator of Glanford Power Station
* Together for the Republic, a political party of the Democratic Republic of Congo

## Other uses

* Employment-to-population ratio, an economic statistic
* Enlisted Performance Report, USAF evaluation form
* Esperance Airport, Australia, IATA code
* Prabhadevi railway station, India, station code
* Evaluative Proportional Representation electoral systems
# Woman Within

Woman Within may refer to:
* A clothing line produced by the company Fullbeauty Brands
* The Woman Within, the autobiography of Ellen Glasgow
* Woman Within, a sister organization to ManKind Project
# Begonia tetrandra

Begonia tetrandra is a species of plant in the family Begoniaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Himuro Shrine

Himuro Shrine (氷室神社, Himuro Jinja) is a Shinto shrine in Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It was established in 710. Kami enshrined here include Tsugenoinagi oyamanushi no mikoto, Emperor Nintoku and Nukata no Onakatsuhiko no Mikoto (額田大仲彦命). The shrine's main festival is held annually on October 1. Tsugenoinagi oyamanushi no mikoto was a folk figure said to have invited a way to preserve ice. Prince Nukata no Onakatsuhiko no Mikoto, a brother of Emperor Nitoku, met with Tsugenoinagi oyamanushi no mikoto and brought the method to preserve ice to the Emperor

## Gallery

* Weeping cherry tree in Himuro jinja
* Main shrine
# Bia alienata

Bia alienata is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is native to Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and northern Argentina.
# Lenville, Idaho

Lenville is an unincorporated community in Latah County, in the U.S. state of Idaho.

## History

A post office called Lenville was established in 1890, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1901. Leonard "Len" Nichols, the first postmaster, gave the community its name.
# Folker

Folker may refer to:
* Folker (album)
* Folker (magazine)
# Focas

Focas may refer to:
* Focas (lunar crater), a crater on the Moon
* Focas (Martian crater), a crater on Mars
* Jean Focas (1909–1969), Greek-French astronomer
* Spiros Focás (born 1937), Greek actor
# Lentibacillus jeotgali

Lentibacillus jeotgali is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming, moderately halophilic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Lentibacillus which has been isolated from fermented seafood.
# Follow Your Heart (Cubic Zirconia album)

Follow Your Heart is the debut album by electronic dance music group Cubic Zirconia. The album was released by Fool's Gold Records on September 20, 2011.

## Track listing

* "Yellow Spaceship Pt 2"
* "Darko"
* "Black Hole"
* "Summertime"
* "Treats"
* "Take Me High"
* "Freebase You"
* "Follow Your Heart"
* "Cherry Nights" (feat. Coultrane)
* "Runnin In And Out Of Love" (feat. Drop The Lime)
* "Don’t Be Scared Of My Love"
* "I Got What You Need" (feat. Dam-Funk)
* "Night Or Day" (feat. Bilal)

## Personnel

* Tiombe Lockhart - vocals
* Nick Hook - keyboards, production
* Daud Sturdivant - keyboards, percussion
* Jamire Williams - drums
* Lenny Castro - percussion
* John Kuker - production
# Lempo

Lempo (Finnish pronunciation:) is a sort of fiend from Finnish folklore and mythology. Lempo is the god of love and fertility in Finnish mythology.
After Christianity came to Finland, the reputation of Lempo worsened: it is portrayed in the folklore usually as an erratic spirit, as love can be capricious, even dangerous, and it could even take control of a being and turn them to destruction.
Lempo brought down the hero Väinämöinen with the help of his two demon cohorts, Hiisi and Paha.
The words "lempo" and "hiisi" are also used as very mild swear words in the Finnish language. Piru is a slightly stronger swear word.
# Lemprex ejector

A Lemprex ejector is a type of steam locomotive exhaust system developed by noted Argentinian locomotive engineer Livio Dante Porta (d. 2003). The name is a stylization of LeMaitre Porta Exhaust.
In a steam locomotive, draft is produced in the firebox by exhausting the steam coming from the cylinders out the chimney. The Lemprex exhaust will deliver improved draughting capacity over traditional exhaust systems.
However development is only at an early stage. Some work was undertaken in Brazil during the late 1980s and early 90s. During more recent years locomotive engineer Shaun T. Mc Mahon has continued the development of this exhaust system in Argentina and other countries around the World, current development work being focussed upon ex FCGR 12E No.3925 and ex FCGR 8A No.3351.
# FoolProof

The FoolProof Initiative is a project by the FoolProof Foundation that teaches consumer life skills and healthy skepticism to consumers. It teaches consumers to question anyone who wants to impact their money or welfare. Its resources are generally listed under financial literacy resources.
FoolProof was founded by Walter Cronkite and a group of young people. It provides free, advertising-fee, and comprehensive consumer life skills curriculums for middle and high schools, as well as a consumer newspaper.
The peer-to-peer curriculums use video and audio, games and music in a modular system to teach critical thinking skills and habits that can travel with a consumer through life. It also includes complex as well as basic financial concepts such as understanding credit (finance) and credit score, getting a checking account or savings account, and knowing how to use credit cards.
The Initiative, for instance, appears to be one of the most effective in reaching vulnerable young people with meaningful education, rather than programs sponsored by business.
Its motto is "Use Caution. Question Sellers. Rely on Research."

## Characteristics

FoolProof is a program designed by young people from across the world to help educate students about financial decisions in a friendly video format using real-life stories. The best part is that FoolProof can be used for free by anyone, no matter their financial aptitude, to help (young) people learn about money and the power of healthy skepticism.
Young people generally make common mistakes when it comes to their money. The FoolProof Initiative addresses these problems.
Here is a list of the most common mistakes:
* I impulse buy and don't practice healthy skepticism.
* I don't have to worry about credit (finance) yet.
* News is news, whatever the platform or source.
* I believe advertising generally tells me all I need to know about a product or service.
* Bad credit can't keep me from getting a job.
* All loan companies have the same rates.
* Posting sensitive and personal information online is okay.
* All credit cards are alike.
* It's OK to bounce a few checks.
* It's OK to make minimum payments on a credit card.
* Paying late occasionally can't hurt my credit.
* Fine print isn't important.
* Young people don't have a credit score.

## Curriculum

Available are a variety of educational programs/curriculums that are tied to state financial literacy standards and guidelines, listed in every state by the United States Department of Education. FoolProof also teaches financial literacy topics required by the Council of Economic Education. All programs are available to any consumer for free.
# FocusTrack

FocusTrack is a database program created specifically for stage lighting applications. The program is designed to allow lighting designers, lighting programmers and lighting electricians to document the way that a show is lit, in order to be able to accurately maintain the look of the lighting over the run of the show, and to be able to re-create the lighting on tour or for future productions of the show in other venues.

## Usage

Traditionally, the lighting programmer has relied on their memory, the reliability of the lights or the services of an assistant, often called a lighting tracker, to document each position each light is used in. FocusTrack automates this process by importing the lighting console showfile (from Strand 500-series, ETC Eos-family and MA grandMA consoles) to create a list of each position (called a 'focus') used by each light in the show. The programmer can then add a written description of the purpose of each position. To precisely document the light's position on stage, the programmer can use a digital camera to take a picture of each position in turn. FocusTrack can aid in this process by controlling the lighting console, turning each light on in each position as required; it can then import the photographs to give a complete record of the work of the automated lights during the show.
The information can be displayed in a variety of ways according to circumstance, for example showing all of the uses of one light if it was replaced and the replacement needs to be checked, or all of the lights used in each cue state that might need their focuses corrected when setting up a show in a new venue. FocusTrack is designed to work alongside other lighting industry software, such as Lightwright, to manage information about the lighting rig as a whole. It can also analyze how equipment is used in a show, particularly colour scrolls or gobos, in order to allow the lighting rig to be rationalised for future productions.
It has been used on a range of productions around the world.
# Bienvenida Esperanza

Bienvenida Esperanza is a Venezuelan telenovela developed by Fausto Verdial and produced by Radio Caracas Televisión in 1983. This telenovela lasted 55 episodes and was distributed internationally by Coral International.
Mayra Alejandra and Carlos Olivier starred as the main protagonists.

## Synopsis

Esperanza is a middle-class girl whose family makes a fortune on the racetrack. Esperanza meets José María, the son of a rich merchant, and they fall in love. He is already engaged, and, when faced with a choice, he decides to marry his fiancé, leaving Esperanza disillusioned and pregnant. Her father throws her out of the house, but Jacinto, who grew up with her, proposes to marry her and raise the child as his own. She accepts.
Meanwhile, José María's marriage is over, and he tries to go back to Esperanza and their son. When she does not immediately reject him, Jacinto becomes cold and harsh towards her and only then does Esperanza begins to love him.

## Cast

* Mayra Alejandra as Esperanza Acuña
* Carlos Olivier as Jacinto Nuñez
* Felix Loreto as Julio Mendizábal
* Tatiana Capote as Mariana Trías
* Yanis Chimaras as Gabriel Iñesta
* Flavio Caballero as José María Delgado
* Hilda Abrahamz as Yoselin Mendizábal
* Hazel Leal as Anaminta Acuña
* Julio Alcázar - Eleazar Vargas
* Ernesto Balzi as Johnny
* Víctor Cámara as Gerardo Aparicio
* Carlos Márquez as Justo Mendizábal
* Aroldo Betancourt as Iván
* Amalia Pérez Díaz [es] as Amanda
* Elba Escobar as Zoraida de García
* Gladys Caceres as Teodora Mendizábal
* América Barrios as Mercedes de Trias
* Hazel Leal as Anaminta
* Mahuampi Acosta as Remedios Aparicio
* Alberto Marín as Tomás Acuña
* Dilia Waikarán as Emilia de Acuña
* Alicia Plaza as Meliza Acuña
* Leopoldo Regnault as Alejandro
* Yajaira Paredes as Eloísa "Viki"
* Carlos Villamizar as Joaquín Robles
# Big Head Eddie

Big Head Eddie is the debut album by American jazz reedist Ken Vandermark, which was recorded in 1993 and released on Platypus.

## Background

After moving to Chicago in 1989, Vandermark performed with Hal Russell, whom he replaced in punk jazz band The Flying Luttenbachers and free jazz NRG Ensemble. The Vandermark Quartet, with guitarist Todd Colburn, bassist Kent Kessler and drummer Michael Zerang, was his first major group. Kessler was the bassist on the NRG Ensemble since 1985. Big Head Eddie was Vandermark's first CD as a leader after some obscure recordings with Fourth Stream, Lombard Street and the duo with Curt Newton Concert for Jimmy Lyons, only released on cassette.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In his review for AllMusic, Thom Jurek states: "This is a stunning debut, and a high sign that musically everything was about to get very interesting."
The Penguin Guide to Jazz notes that "Big Head Eddie is a nifty set of tunes, sparked by Colburn's scrawling guitar lines, lurid and alive if not quite focused yet."

## Track listing

    All compositions by Ken Vandermark except as indicated
* "Kiss the Plow" – 4:53
* "Exploding Note Theory" – 6:44
* "Dog Cliches" – 4:35
* "Jack Kirby Was Ripped Off" – 5:31
* "Last Date" – 6:27
* "Blue Coffee" (Todd Colburn) – 3:56
* "Ingrid's Napkin #29" (Michael Zerang) – 12:06
* "Courtesy Desk" – 5:15
* "Sinner Sinner" (Kent Kessler) – 7:29
* "Not Actual Size" – 3:56

## Personnel

* Ken Vandermark – reeds
* Todd Colburn – guitar
* Kent Kessler – bass
* Michael Zerang – drums
# Biblioteca comunale Luciano Benincasa

The Biblioteca comunale Luciano Benincasa (the "Luciano Benincasa Municipal Library") is located in Ancona, Italy, in the Palazzo Mengoni-Ferretti, at the central Piazza del Plebiscito (Plebiscite Square).

## History

The library was established by bequest of Luciano Benincasa in 1669, whose will states that his private collection is to be made accessible to public use. In 1749, Eleonora Vincenzi gave the library to the municipality of Ancona, and it was moved from the palace of the Benincasa family to the Palace of the Elders. After 1800, the provincial archive was established in Ancona. In 1861, because of French rule over the city, the religious orders were suppressed, and their book collections were transferred to the municipal library; as a result the library collections significantly increased. In 1883 the library was moved to Carlo Rinaldini High School–Gymnasium. In 1911 the historical archive was merged with that of the municipality, and in 1925 moved again to the former convent of San Francesco delle Scale. During World War II, the convent of San Francesco was destroyed as a result of British bombing (1943/1944), and the historical collections – with their nineteenth-century inventories – suffered serious damage. After the war the city bought the Casa Mengoni-Ferretti, and in 1950 the library was reopened in the new premises. The historical archive, first merged in 1971, was moved from the State archives.

## Collection

In 2007 the library collection has approximately 145,000 prints. Among the older works are 343 manuscripts, 62 incunabula (from the 15th century) and 2600 printed books from the 16th century. The collection also includes a Fondo Musicale with 241 musical manuscripts of more than 50 composers (among them Luigi Boccherini, Arcangelo Corelli, Joseph Haydn). The majority of musical works date from the second half of the 18th century and include 62 manuscripts with compositions of Giuseppe Tartini, 16 manuscripts with compositions of Emanuele Nappi, plus 40 compositions dated to 1644.
The library holds also various audio books for the blind.
# Leo Roth

Leo Roth (1914–2002), also known as Lior Roth, was an Israeli painter, born in 1914 in Austria-Hungary.
In 1920, Roth moved to Germany and, in 1933, immigrated to Palestine. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and completed frescoes in Italy and France in the 1950s. Roth first settled in Tel Aviv, then moved to Kvutzat Kinneret, then finally to Kibbutz Afikim where he remained until his death. He served as Director of the Art Academy of the Kibbutzim. In 1959, he was awarded the Jordan Valley Prize for Painting. Roth exhibited in the United States, Israel, Mexico, Spain, Holland, Sweden, and Denmark. He died in 2002.
Roth's work was influenced by Cubism and bears much in common with the work of compatriot painter Naftali Bezem. His colourful canvases contain biblical imagery and references to early Israeli pioneer culture.

## Selected exhibitions

* 2000: Chaim Atar Art Museum, Ein Harod, Israel: The Works of Leo Roth: An Exhibition

## Selected collections

* Israel Museum, Jerusalem
* Museum of Art Ein Harod, Israel

## Published works

* Reproductions in Colour and Black & White (Reproduktsyot bi-tsevaim uve-shahor-lavan) [portfolio of plates]. [1973].
# Bill Birtles

Bill Birtles is an Australian journalist who is working for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). He worked in China from 2015 to 2020, eventually leaving after the Australian embassy advised him to do so, after the detainment of Cheng Lei. He is currently the Indonesia correspondent for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and is based in Jakarta.

## Education

Birtles was educated at Canberra Grammar School, leaving in 2002, and subsequently studied at the University of New South Wales.

## Career

Birtles started his career as a journalist working for Triple J. When he was 24, he started learning Mandarin, and moved to Beijing, working in a television newsroom there. Later, he worked for the ABC in Sydney and Melbourne. In 2015, Birtles moved back to Beijing, becoming the ABC's China correspondent.
Significant stories that Birtles has covered include the rise of Xi Jinping, the China–United States trade war, 2019-20 Hong Kong protests, early parts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the relationship between Australia and China.
In August 2020, Cheng Lei, an Australian journalist working in China was detained by Chinese authorities without charge, prompting Australian diplomats to advise Birtles to leave China. On the night before his flight out of China, seven police officers visited his apartment to tell him he was barred from leaving China. The same happened to Michael Smith, from the Australian Financial Review. The next morning, Birtles went to the Australian embassy in Beijing. After a few days, Birtles was allowed to leave China after having an interview with Chinese authorities about Cheng Lei. Afterwards, the ABC had no correspondents in China for the first time in several decades.
Birtles published a book in April 2021 about his ordeal in China, titled The Truth About China : Propaganda, patriotism and the search for answers. He had said that he is open to returning to China when its relationship with Australia gets better.
He is currently the Indonesia correspondent for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and is based in Jakarta.
# Fontaine-Denis-Nuisy

Fontaine-Denis-Nuisy is a commune in the Marne department in north-eastern France.
# Leonora von Ottinger

Leonora von Ottinger was an American silent film and stage actress. She only starred in 16 films in total and concentrated on stage acting.
On Broadway, von Ottinger appeared in The Melting Pot (1909). She starred alongside William Garwood in a number of short films.
Her spouse was Benjamin Von Ottinger of Larchmont New York.

## Filmography

* The Spender (1913)
* His Wife's Child (1913)
* Unto the Third Generation (1913)
* The Matchmakers (1915)
* Vanity Thy Name Is? (1916)
* The Littlest Magdalene (1916)
* Her Husband's Honor (1916)
* A Wife at Bay (1916)
* The Narrow Path (1916)
* The Tell-Tale Step (1917)
* One Bride Too Many (1917)
* A Proxy Husband (1919)
* The Frisky Mrs. Johnson (1920) - Mrs. Birkenread
* The Gilded Lily (1921)
* The Miracle of Manhattan (1921)