OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gentiana andrewsii

Gentiana andrewsii, the bottle gentian, closed gentian, or closed bottle gentian, is an herbaceous species of flowering plant in the gentian family Gentianaceae. Gentiana andrewsii is native to northeastern North America, from the Dakotas to the East Coast and through eastern Canada.
It shares the common name "bottle gentian" with several other species.

## Description

Gentiana andrewsii is a perennial herb that blooms in late summer (August to October). The flowers are 2 to 4 cm (3⁄4 to 1+1⁄2 in) long, typically a rich blue color and bottle shaped with fused petals (sympetalous) and closed mouths. The flowers are clustered at the top of the plant or in the axis of the top leaves. The stems are 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 in) long, lax in habit, producing sprawling plants with upturned ends ending with clusters of bee pollinated flowers. The foliage is hairless with a glossy sheen to it.

## Taxonomy

The plant was named in honor of Henry C. Andrews, an English botanical artist and engraver.
Named infraspecies and hybrids include:
* Gentiana andrewsii var. andrewsii
* Gentiana andrewsii var. dakotica
* Gentiana andrewsii fo. albiflora
* Gentiana × billingtonii (Gentiana andrewsii × puberulenta)
* Gentiana × pallidocyanea (Gentiana alba x andrewsii)

## Ecology

Closed bottle gentian occurs in wet to dry-mesic prairies and prairie fens, primarily in loamy soils, but it can also be found in sandy areas, such as near Great Lakes shorelines.
The closed flowers make entrance to feed on pollen or nectar difficult for many species of insects. Those strong enough to enter through the top of the flower include the digger bee species Anthophora terminalis and the bumblebee species Bombus fervidus, Bombus griseocollis, and Bombus impatiens. The eastern carpenter bee (Xylocopa virginica) chews a narrow slit at the base of the flower and "steals" nectar without pollinating the plant, a behavior known as nectar robbing. The holes in the petals created by this species allow smaller insects to also access the nectar and pollen, including the honeybee (Apis mellifera), the green sweat bee species Augochlorella aurata and Augochlorella persimilis, and the eastern masked bee (Hylaeus affinis).
This gentian is considered a threatened species in the US states of New York and Maryland.
# Loopallu Festival

Loopallu was a 2-day music festival that took place in Ullapool, in the north of Scotland. It was held annually between 2005 and 2019, attracting 2,500 people which essentially doubled the population of the village while the event was being held.
The festival took place in Ullapool with the main stage located only metres from the shore of Loch Broom, in a big-top tent. After the acts on the main stage finish a string of fringe events continue into the early hours, offering live music.

## History

The first Loopallu was held in 2005, with the American rockgrass band Hayseed Dixie promoting the festival and being the headline act. The success of the event was also attributed to support being shown by BBC Radio 2’s Janice Long. The festival has been organised by local promoter Robert Hicks. The name of the festival is the name of the village, spelled backwards. It has played host to Mumford & Sons, Franz Ferdinand, Paolo Nutini. Echo & the Bunnymen and the Levellers.
In 2014 the festival added a literary tent, teaming up with the Ullapool Book Festival. That year the ticket quota sold out in advance of the acts being announced, and there were about 2,500 people attending the event on each of the days it was held.
In 2017 the festival moved from the loch-side site to take place on the pier in the harbour. This was to be the last event, but its success and pressure from the public ensured its continuance. Unfortunately 2019 was announced as the last year Loopallu would be held, citing pressure on accommodation as the primary reason.
The last festival was held on 27 – 28 September 2019.

## Lineups
### 2013 lineup

The Enemy, Newton Faulkner, The Temperance Movement, Roddy Hart & The Lonesome Fire.

### 2014 lineup

Utah Saints, Twin Atlantic, The Undertones, Shed Seven, Alabama 3, Public Service Broadcasting, Hunter and the Bear, Caithness-based rock band Neon Waltz and Wishaw-based indie band Vigo Thieves, Mark Radcliffe and his band The Foes.

### 2019 lineup

The line-up for the last ever festival included Astrid, The Rezillos, Tide Lines, Bombskare, ONR, Idlewild, Peat and Diesel, Hunter and the Bear, The Vatersay Boys, and, on the Literally Literary stage, actor David Hayman and playwright Chris Dolan.
# Fort York (disambiguation)

Fort York is an historic site of military fortifications in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Fort York may also refer to:
* Fort York (provincial electoral district), former provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from 1987 to 1999
* Fort York (neighbourhood), located along and south of CN and CP railway corridors in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
* Fort York Armoury, Canadian Forces facility in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
* Fort York, North Carolina, used during the American Civil War
* Fort York (HBC vessel), operated by the HBC from 1914-1930, see Hudson's Bay Company vessels
# Dénes Pázmándy (1816–1856)

Dénes Pázmándy de Szomor et Somodor (7 April 1816 – 24 January 1856) was a Hungarian landowner and politician, who served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1848 and 1849.

## Biography

He was born into an old, noble family in Kömlőd, Komárom County on 7 April 1816. His parents were Dénes Pázmándy who was a member of the National Defence Committee during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and Judit Pély Nagy. He studied law in Pozsony and Pest. He joined reform movement in the 1830s. During National Assembly of 1832–1836 he served as juratus along with Bertalan Szemere, Ferenc Pulszky and Sebő Vukovics. He participated in the writing of Törvényhatósági Tudósítások which was authentically reported on the functioning of legislation which guided by Lajos Kossuth. He published several articles under pseudonym for the Pesti Hírlap which supported the reforms.
From 1839 he served as deputy notary of Komárom County later became first deputy notary, second vicecomes, vicecomes. Since 1843 he was one of the leaders of the moderate liberal opposition. He became representative of Nagyigmánd in 1848. The Batthyány cabinet sent him along with László Szalay to Frankfurt to negotiate the German parliament in May. He became speaker of the lower house on 10 July.
He unsuccessfully discussed with Imperial Court of Vienna in September in Schönbrunn Palace. He did not follow the Hungarian government to Debrecen after occupation of Buda, he surrendered before Field Marshal Windisch-Grätz in January 1849. As a result, the House of Representatives deprived of his mandate in March. He was arrested by Richard Guyon in April. Kossuth ordered an investigation against him but soon he was released on the intercession of Sebő Vukovics. After the revolution was crushed he retired to his estate. Pázmándy died in 1856 following a long illness.
# Alella

Alella (Catalan pronunciation:) is a village in the comarca of Maresme in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated on the coast on the southwest side of the granite Catalan Coastal Range. The town is known for its wines, cava and perfumes, but is also a commuter town for nearby Barcelona.
What used to be the old Roman Road (Via Augusta), uniting Rome and Andalusia, is still today a narrow road running through the village.

## Demography

According to Spanish census data, this is the population of Alella in recent years.
| 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| 3,381 | 6,895 | 8,470 | 9,582 |

## Historical and interesting buildings

* Church of Sant Feliu, Roman construction which has inside the Altarpiece designed by Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí.
* "Cal Marqués", a civil building of neoclassical construction.
* "Casa Alella" or "Les Quatre Torres", a civil eclectic building.
* "Masía Can Magarola" is one of the oldest farmhouses in Alella and it preserves remains of buildings from the late 13th and early 14th centuries.

## Notable natives

* Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia often simply known as Francisco Ferrer, a free-thinker and anarchist.
* Marc Cucurella, footballer for Chelsea.
# Achille Chainaye

Achille Chainaye (26 August 1862 – 20 December 1915) was a Belgian sculptor.
He was born in Liège. After moving to Brussels to study at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts he became a member of the Groupe des XX.He turned to journalism and went to London to work, where he died.
# Gotham Independent Film Awards 2000

The 10th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards, presented by the Independent Filmmaker Project, were held on September 20, 2000 and were hosted by Jason Alexander. At the ceremony, Robert Altman, Michael Barker, Tom Bernard and Marcie Bloom were honored with Career Tributes and Aiyana Elliott received the Anthony Radziwell Documentary Achievement Award.

## Winners and nominees
### Breakthrough Actor

* Michelle Rodriguez – Girlfight

### Breakthrough Director (Open Palm Award)

* Karyn Kusama – Girlfight
** Bruno de Almeida – On the Run
** Myles Connell – The Opportunists
** Tom Gilroy – Spring Forward
** Kenneth Lonergan – You Can Count on Me

### Anthony Radziwell Documentary Achievement Award

* Aiyana Elliott for The Ballad of Ramblin' Jack

### Classical Film Tribute

* Do the Right Thing

### Career Tributes

* Robert Altman
* Michael Barker, Tom Bernard and Marcie Bloom
# Vahibé

Vahibé is a village in the commune of Mamoudzou on Mayotte.

## Geography
### Climate

Vahibé has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). The average annual temperature in Vahibé is 25.2 °C (77.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,772.4 mm (69.78 in) with January as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in March, at around 26.7 °C (80.1 °F), and lowest in August, at around 23.0 °C (73.4 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Vahibé was 35.2 °C (95.4 °F) on 6 May 2012; the coldest temperature ever recorded was 14.5 °C (58.1 °F) on 13 July 2010.
Climate data for Vahibé (1991−2020 normals, extremes 2003−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.3 (91.9) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.8 (91.0) | 32.3 (90.1) | 35.2 (95.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 29.5 (85.1) | 31.9 (89.4) | 30.9 (87.6) | 31.9 (89.4) | 32.6 (90.7) | 32.5 (90.5) | 35.2 (95.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.5 (85.1) | 29.7 (85.5) | 30.0 (86.0) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.0 (84.2) | 27.7 (81.9) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.3 (81.1) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.8 (83.8) | 29.4 (84.9) | 29.9 (85.8) | 28.9 (84.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.7 (80.1) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.3 (77.5) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.1 (73.6) | 23.0 (73.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 24.9 (76.8) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.2 (77.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.6 (74.5) | 23.4 (74.1) | 22.8 (73.0) | 21.6 (70.9) | 20.2 (68.4) | 19.2 (66.6) | 18.7 (65.7) | 19.4 (66.9) | 20.9 (69.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 23.0 (73.4) | 21.6 (70.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.9 (69.6) | 20.5 (68.9) | 19.9 (67.8) | 17.2 (63.0) | 15.8 (60.4) | 14.5 (58.1) | 15.1 (59.2) | 15.3 (59.5) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.7 (65.7) | 19.9 (67.8) | 14.5 (58.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 377.1 (14.85) | 347.7 (13.69) | 316.4 (12.46) | 127.7 (5.03) | 52.9 (2.08) | 29.3 (1.15) | 14.6 (0.57) | 29.7 (1.17) | 30.0 (1.18) | 63.4 (2.50) | 118.5 (4.67) | 265.1 (10.44) | 1,772.4 (69.78) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 9.7 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 6.2 | 9.9 | 14.2 | 110.8 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||
# List of airlines of Haiti

This is a list of airlines currently operating in Haiti.
| Airline | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Image | Commenced operations | Notes |
| Sunrise Airways | S6 | KSZ | - | | 2012 | |
# Loopback device

Loopback device may refer to:
* Loopback, related to electronic communication interfaces
* Loop device, a pseudo-device in Unix-like operating systems
# Bishop Druitt College

The Bishop Druitt College (abbreviated as BDC), is an independent Anglican co-educational primary and secondary day school, located in southwest Coffs Harbour, on the Mid North Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Named after Cecil Druitt, the first Bishop of the Diocese of Grafton, the college consists of a primary, middle school and senior school section, for students from Kindergarten to Year 12.

## Background

Bishop Druitt College is an independent, co-educational Kindergarten to Year 12 Anglican school situated in North Boambee on the Mid North Coast of New South Wales.
The college commenced operations in 1994 with an enrolment of 57 primary school students. The original plan was for a school of just 600, but this has expanded through a building program to cater for an enrolment of over 1200 students.

## Secondary curriculum

As well as compulsory study in English, Mathematics, Science, Personal Development and Health, the school provides opportunities for students to undertake electives in Technology and Applied Science, Geography, Creative and Performing Arts and Languages (including French, Italian and Japanese courses, which can be taken within the college campus.)

## School houses

Each student belongs to a tutor group and a house. The tutor group is horizontal (the same Year level) and the house is vertical (K–12). Students usually remain in the same tutor group and house for the duration of their secondary enrolment. Students participate in sporting events and pastoral care in these house groups.
The school's houses are named after significant people in Australia's history and are as follows:
* Cottee – Kay Cottee
* Hollows – Fred Hollows
* Kngwarreye – Emily Kngwarreye
* Murray – Les Murray
* O'Shane – Pat O'Shane
* Sutherland – Joan Sutherland

## Principals

The following individuals have served as Principal of Bishop Druitt College:
| Ordinal | Officeholder | Term start | Term end | Time in office |
| 1 | Victor Branson | 1994 | 2004 | 8–9 years |
| 2 | Roger Oates | 2004 | 2009 | 4–5 years |
| 3 | Alan Ball | 2010 | 2017 | 6–7 years |
| 4 | Nick Johnstone | 2018 | incumbent | 5–6 years |
# Garden (album)

Garden is a live album by Cecil Taylor recorded at Basel Switzerland, November 16, 1981, and released on the Hat Hut label. The album features seven solo performances by Taylor on a Bösendorfer grand piano and was originally released as a double LP in 1982 and then rereleased as two single CDs entitled Garden Part 1 and Garden Part 2 in 1990.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
The AllMusic review by Thom Jurek states:
   The first volume opened — as do all of his solo performances now — with vocal extemporization and poetry, and on into the slowly evolving gradually revealing performance itself. On the second disc there is nothing but meat. Taylor is in full heat, flailing, banging, slashing out chords and high register trills with studied abandon and a careful attention to detail. Here is where Taylor shows his secret persona: the dancer. Rooted in blues and barrelhouse in some spots and in gagaku and kabuki theater in others, while in still others the classical ballet, Taylor's playing style opens itself to embrace all of the above and spit them back out as part of his own musical iconography... This is a new music by Cecil Taylor, one that invites listeners in and gives them room to move around. This mature phase of Taylor's music is still blooming almost 20 years later, and continues to influence, inspire, and provoke. Garden, Pt. 1 and Pt. 2 is the post-'70s Cecil solo date to have.

## Track listing

    All compositions by Cecil Taylor.
* "Elell" - 26:40
* "Garden II" - 24:40
* "Garden I + Stepping On Stars" - 20:10
* "Introduction To Z" - 8:15
* "Driver Says" - 3:20
* "Pemmican" - 6:20
* "Points" - 2:30
   * Recorded at Basel Switzerland, November 16, 1981

## Personnel

* Cecil Taylor: piano
# E. edulis

E. edulis may refer to:
* Echeveria edulis, a synonym of Dudleya edulis, the fingertips, a succulent plant species
* Euterpe edulis, the juçara, açaí-do-sul or palmiteiro, a palm tree species
# Nacoleia rectistrialis

Nacoleia rectistrialis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found on the Key Islands of Indonesia.
# More Revery

More Revery by Bonnie Billy is the name of a Will Oldham EP released in 2000 as Volume 7 of the Travels in Constants subscription series on the label Temporary Residence Limited. It was recorded live at the Palais du Congres in Shelbyville, Kentucky by Paul Oldham and consists of six cover songs.
The EP was reissued in 2001 as Temporary Residence TRR-37, with different song mixes and the crowd noise removed.

## Track listing

* "Someone's Sleeping" (John Phillips)
* "Sweeter Than Anything" (P.J. Harvey)
* "Same Love That Made Me Laugh" (Bill Withers)
* "A Dream of the Sea" (The Renderers)
* "Strange Things" (John Holt)
* "Just to See You Smile" (Mark Nesler/Tony Martin) (Tim McGraw cover)
# Gotham Independent Film Awards 2005

The 15th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards, presented by the Independent Filmmaker Project, were held on November 30, 2005 and were hosted by Kyra Sedgwick. The nominees were announced on October 25, 2005.

## Winners and nominees

| Best Feature Capote Brokeback Mountain A History of Violence Keane Me and You and Everyone We Know | Best Documentary Feature Murderball Ballets Russes Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Grizzly Man William Eggleston in the Real World |
| Breakthrough Director Bennett Miller – Capote Miranda July – Me and You and Everyone We Know Phil Morrison – Junebug Andrew Wagner – The Talent Given Us Alice Wu – Saving Face | Breakthrough Actor Amy Adams – Junebug as Ashley Johnsten Camilla Belle – The Ballad of Jack and Rose as Rose Slavin Joseph Gordon-Levitt – Mysterious Skin as Neil McCormick Terrence Howard – Hustle & Flow as DJay Damian Lewis – Keane as William Keane |
| Best Ensemble Performance The Squid and the Whale – William Baldwin, Jeff Daniels, Jesse Eisenberg, Owen Kline, Laura Linney, and Anna Paquin Brokeback Mountain – Linda Cardellini, Anna Faris, Jake Gyllenhaal, Anne Hathaway, Heath Ledger, Randy Quaid, and Michelle Williams Crash – Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Sandra Bullock, Don Cheadle, Matt Dillon, Jennifer Esposito, William Fichtner, Brendan Fraser, Nona Gaye, Terrence Howard, Thandie Newton, Michael Peña, Ryan Phillippe, and Larenz Tate Good Night, and Good Luck – Patricia Clarkson, George Clooney, Jeff Daniels, Robert Downey Jr., Frank Langella, and David Strathairn Nine Lives – Kathy Baker, Amy Brenneman, Elpidia Carrillo, Glenn Close, Stephen Dillane, Dakota Fanning, William Fichtner, Lisa Gay Hamilton, Jason Isaacs, Joe Mantegna, Ian McShane, Molly Parker, Mary Kay Place, Sydney Tamiia Poitier, Aidan Quinn, Miguel Sandoval, Amanda Seyfried, Sissy Spacek, and Robin Wright Penn | Best Film Not Playing at a Theater Near You I Am a Sex Addict Al otro lado In a Nutshell: A Portrait of Elizabeth Tashjian Police Beat Sir! No Sir! |

## Special awards
### Celebrate New York Award

* Mad Hot Ballroom

### Gotham Tributes

* Matt Dillon
* Jim Jarmusch
# Eilema unipuncta

Eilema unipuncta is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in Palestine.
# Valverde de los Arroyos

Valverde de los Arroyos is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 102 inhabitants.
# 1171 in Ireland

Events from the year 1171 in Ireland.

## Events

* May – following the death of Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster, the lordship of Leinster is disputed between his son, Domhnall Caomhánach, and the Cambro-Norman Richard de Clare (Strongbow).
* Henry II of England arrives in Ireland; Irish bishops and most Irish kings submit to his rule.
* Ascall mac Ragnaill, last Norse–Gaelic King of Dublin, is captured while trying to retake Dublin from de Clare, perhaps in company with Sweyn Asleifsson, and beheaded; before the end of the year, de Clare relinquishes possession of the city to his own liege lord, Henry.

## Deaths

* 1 May – Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster (born 1110).
* Ascall mac Ragnaill, King of Dublin.
# Loop theorem

In mathematics, in the topology of 3-manifolds, the loop theorem is a generalization of Dehn's lemma. The loop theorem was first proven by Christos Papakyriakopoulos in 1956, along with Dehn's lemma and the Sphere theorem.
A simple and useful version of the loop theorem states that if for some 3-dimensional manifold M with boundary ∂M there is a map
    $f\colon (D^{2},\partial D^{2})\to (M,\partial M)$
with $f|\partial D^{2}$ not nullhomotopic in $\partial M$, then there is an embedding with the same property.
The following version of the loop theorem, due to John Stallings, is given in the standard 3-manifold treatises (such as Hempel or Jaco):
Let $M$ be a 3-manifold and let $S$ be a connected surface in $\partial M$. Let $N\subset \pi _{1}(S)$ be a normal subgroup such that $\mathop {\mathrm {ker} } (\pi _{1}(S)\to \pi _{1}(M))-N\neq \emptyset$. Let $f\colon D^{2}\to M$ be a continuous map such that $f(\partial D^{2})\subset S$ and $[f|\partial D^{2}]\notin N.$ Then there exists an embedding $g\colon D^{2}\to M$ such that $g(\partial D^{2})\subset S$ and $[g|\partial D^{2}]\notin N.$
Furthermore if one starts with a map f in general position, then for any neighborhood U of the singularity set of f, we can find such a g with image lying inside the union of image of f and U.
Stalling's proof utilizes an adaptation, due to Whitehead and Shapiro, of Papakyriakopoulos' "tower construction". The "tower" refers to a special sequence of coverings designed to simplify lifts of the given map. The same tower construction was used by Papakyriakopoulos to prove the sphere theorem (3-manifolds), which states that a nontrivial map of a sphere into a 3-manifold implies the existence of a nontrivial embedding of a sphere. There is also a version of Dehn's lemma for minimal discs due to Meeks and S.-T. Yau, which also crucially relies on the tower construction.
A proof not utilizing the tower construction exists of the first version of the loop theorem. This was essentially done 30 years ago by Friedhelm Waldhausen as part of his solution to the word problem for Haken manifolds; although he recognized this gave a proof of the loop theorem, he did not write up a detailed proof. The essential ingredient of this proof is the concept of Haken hierarchy. Proofs were later written up, by Klaus Johannson, Marc Lackenby, and Iain Aitchison with Hyam Rubinstein.

## Corollary

One easy corollary of the loop theorem is a following: Let $M$ be a compact orientable irreducible 3-manifold. Then $\partial M$ is incompressible if and only if $\pi _{1}(F)\to \pi _{1}(M)$ is injective for each component $F$ of $\partial M$.
# Liadytiscinae

Liadytiscinae is a subfamily of extinct predaceous diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae. There are about 5 genera and 10 described species in Liadytiscinae. All currently known members of the subfamily are known from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of China.

## Genera

These five genera belong to the subfamily Liadytiscinae:
* † Liadroporus Prokin & Ren, 2010 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
* † Liadytiscus Prokin & Ren, 2010 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
* † Mesoderus Prokin & Ren, 2010 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
* † Liadyxianus Prokin, Petrov, B. Wang & Ponomarenko, 2013 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
* † Mesodytes Prokin, Petrov, Wang & Ponomarenko, 2013 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)