OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ivanka Venkova

Ivanka Venkova (born 3 November 1952) is a Bulgarian sprinter. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Gellius Maximus

Gellius Maximus was a Roman usurper, who, in 219 AD, revolted against Emperor Elagabalus. His rebellion was swiftly crushed, and he himself was executed.

## History

Gellius Maximus was the son of Lucius Gellius Maximus, who had served as a doctor to Emperor Caracalla's doctor. For his services, Lucius Gellius Maximus received the rank of provincial procurator, making him the chief financial officer of his province. He himself did not achieve senatorial rank, but only the equestrian rank of procurator.
In the year of Gellius Maximus' revolt, 219 AD, several other usurpers arose as well, using a variety of justifications for their legitimacy. Among them were Seius Carus, by virtue of aristocratic heritage; Alexianus, and Castinus, by virtue of their relationship (or claimed relationship) to an imperial family; and Verus, by virtue of his military strength. Gellius Maximus likewise used his military strength as a justification for imperial legitimacy.
Before his revolt, Gellius Maximus was a senatorial tribune (second-in-command of the legion) of Legio IV Scythica legion. During his command of IV Scythica, his troops captured Diadumenian, the son of the previous emperor, Macrinus. After this success, an unnamed centurion in IV Scythica won the gratitude of Elagabalus for his command, whereas Gellius Maximus was ignored, and remained in his command at Zeugma. His being ignored by Elagabalus may have inspired his revolt.
He revolted in Coele-Syria, in 219 AD. His revolt was crushed rapidly due to the decisive action of the legate of the Legio XVI Flavia Firma, who had been stationed at the nearby city of Samosata, and whose name is only partially preserved, with the ending of his name being recorded as "atus". Gellius Maximus was then executed by Elagabalus.
# Utricularia hamiltonii

Utricularia hamiltonii is an affixed aquatic carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia (family Lentibulariaceae). It is endemic to the Northern Territory of Australia.
# Ford France (cycling team)

Ford France was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1965 to 1966. The team's main sponsor was Ford France, a subsidiary of the American automaker Ford Motor Company. The team had two different co-sponsors for both seasons, bicycle manufacturer Gitane and tire manufacturer Hutchinson SA, respectively.
# 1977–78 National Basketball League season

The 1977–78 Guinness National Basketball League season was the sixth season of the National Basketball League.
The league was sponsored by Guinness and the number of teams participating remained at ten. The Loughborough team moved to Leicester, while Exeter and Stockport replaced the Avenue and Durham teams.
The Crystal Palace team completed a third consecutive double of National League and Cup. There were no playoffs for the League during this era and the previous system of awarding one point to losing teams in the league table was scrapped.

## National League
### First Division

| Pos | Team | P | W | L | F | A | Pts |
| 1 | Cinzano Crystal Palace | 18 | 18 | 0 | 1881 | 1343 | 36 |
| 2 | Milton Keynes Embassy All-Stars | 18 | 16 | 2 | 1858 | 1626 | 32 |
| 3 | Coventry Team Fiat | 18 | 12 | 6 | 1820 | 1668 | 24 |
| 4 | Doncaster Wilson Panthers | 18 | 10 | 8 | 1734 | 1658 | 20 |
| 5 | Bowmer & Kirkland Leicester All-Stars | 18 | 9 | 9 | 1579 | 1571 | 18 |
| 6 | Stockport Belgrade | 18 | 9 | 9 | 1593 | 1614 | 18 |
| 7 | Manchester ATS Giants | 18 | 8 | 10 | 1637 | 1625 | 16 |
| 8 | London 'Y' Metros | 18 | 5 | 13 | 1643 | 1702 | 9* |
| 9 | Exeter St Lukes TSB | 18 | 3 | 15 | 1547 | 1842 | 6 |
| 10 | Bedford Vauxhall Motors | 18 | 0 | 18 | 1318 | 1979 | 0 |

### Second Division

| Pos | Team | P | W | L | F | A | Pts |
| 1 | EPAB Sunderland | 20 | 20 | 0 | 2151 | 1614 | 40 |
| 2 | Leatherhead | 20 | 17 | 3 | 1761 | 1429 | 34 |
| 3 | Telefusion Blackpool | 20 | 14 | 6 | 2107 | 1856 | 28 |
| 4 | Seensee Maidenhead Sonics | 20 | 12 | 8 | 1926 | 1856 | 24 |
| 5 | Hemel Hempstead Lakers | 20 | 10 | 10 | 1713 | 1646 | 20 |
| 6 | Avenue Islington | 20 | 9 | 11 | 1560 | 1551 | 20 |
| 7 | Nottingham | 20 | 9 | 11 | 1755 | 1841 | 18 |
| 8 | Bromley | 20 | 5 | 15 | 1793 | 2051 | 10 |
| 9 | Derby CFE | 20 | 4 | 16 | 1409 | 1730 | 9* |
| 10 | Miles Mustangs | 20 | 4 | 16 | 1513 | 1807 | 8 |
| 11 | Birmingham Bulldogs | 20 | 4 | 16 | 1646 | 1953 | 8 |

## Guinness National Cup Final

* April 01
| Cinzano Crystal Palace | 89–87 | Coventry Team Fiat |
* Wembley Arena
# Liénard equation

In mathematics, more specifically in the study of dynamical systems and differential equations, a Liénard equation is a type of second-order ordinary differential equation named after the French physicist Alfred-Marie Liénard.
During the development of radio and vacuum tube technology, Liénard equations were intensely studied as they can be used to model oscillating circuits. Under certain additional assumptions Liénard's theorem guarantees the uniqueness and existence of a limit cycle for such a system. A Liénard system with piecewise-linear functions can also contain homoclinic orbits.

## Definition

Let f and g be two continuously differentiable functions on ⁠$\mathbb {R} ,$⁠ with f an even function and g an odd function. Then the second order ordinary differential equation of the form ${d^{2}x \over dt^{2}}+f(x){dx \over dt}+g(x)=0$ is called a Liénard equation.

## Liénard system

The equation can be transformed into an equivalent two-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations. We define
    $F(x):=\int _{0}^{x}f(\xi )d\xi$
    $x_{1}:=x$
    $x_{2}:={dx \over dt}+F(x)$
then
    ${\begin{bmatrix}{\dot {x}}_{1}\\{\dot {x}}_{2}\end{bmatrix}}=\mathbf {h} (x_{1},x_{2}):={\begin{bmatrix}x_{2}-F(x_{1})\\-g(x_{1})\end{bmatrix}}$
is called a Liénard system.
Alternatively, since the Liénard equation itself is also an autonomous differential equation, the substitution $v={dx \over dt}$ leads the Liénard equation to become a first order differential equation:
    $v{dv \over dx}+f(x)v+g(x)=0$
which is an Abel equation of the second kind.

## Example

The Van der Pol oscillator
    ${d^{2}x \over dt^{2}}-\mu (1-x^{2}){dx \over dt}+x=0$
is a Liénard equation. The solution of a Van der Pol oscillator has a limit cycle. Such cycle has a solution of a Liénard equation with negative $f(x)$ at small $|x|$ and positive $f(x)$ otherwise. The Van der Pol equation has no exact, analytic solution. Such solution for a limit cycle exists if $f(x)$ is a constant piece-wise function.

## Liénard's theorem

A Liénard system has a unique and stable limit cycle surrounding the origin if it satisfies the following additional properties:
* g(x) > 0 for all x > 0;
* $\lim _{x\to \infty }F(x):=\lim _{x\to \infty }\int _{0}^{x}f(\xi )d\xi \ =\infty ;$
* F(x) has exactly one positive root at some value p, where F(x) < 0 for 0 < x < p and F(x) > 0 and monotonic for x > p.
# Jean Alaux

Jean Alaux, called "le Romain" ("the Roman"), (1786 – 2 March 1864) was a French history painter and Director of the French Academy in Rome from 1846 to 1852.

## Biography

Alaux was born in Bordeaux, the son of a painter and the second of four brothers who all became painters. He received his first lessons in art from his father, but went on to a formal training with Pierre Lacour and later with Pierre-Narcisse Guérin. In 1807 he was admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. From 1808 he entered works for the Prix de Rome, but his energies were diverted when his elder brother, Jean-Francois Alaux (1783–1858), asked him to help with a large "neorama" (a type of Panorama) he was working on. Alaux eventually won the major Prix de Rome in 1815 with a work entitled Briseis weeping over the body of Patroclus, a scene inspired by the Iliad of Homer. He subsequently became a pensionnaire at the French Academy in Rome from 1816 to 1820 and went on to become its director.
Among his fellow artists at the Academy were Drolling, Picot, and Cogniet, along with sculptors David d'Angers, Pradier, and Ramey; he became a friend of Ingres. His first painting at the Academy was Cadmus killing the dragon at the fountains of Dirce, which was later purchased by the Duke of Orleans but was destroyed in the fire which engulfed the Palais-Royal in the French Revolution of 1848. Alaux also painted at the Academy Diamedes carrying off the palladium and Episodes in the combats between the centaurs and the Lapithes. In 1821, he returned to France, where his reputation steadily grew with works such as The Baptism of Clovis (1825), States General of 1838, The Assembly of the notables at Rouen in 1596, and States General 1614. Under the July Monarchy, he worked at the "Galerie des batailles" of the Château de Versailles, for which he painted The Battle of Villaviciosa (1836); The Capture of Valenciennes (1837); and The Battle of Denain (1839).
Alaux was appointed as director of the French Academy in Rome in 1846 and was caught up in the siege of Rome of 1849, involving defending Italian forces under Garibaldi and the invading French army; he and his students were forced to temporarily flee the city for France. His directorship ended quietly with his retirement in 1852.
Alaux died in Paris on 2 March 1864.
# Brachmia strigosa

Brachmia strigosa is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1910. It is found on Borneo.
The wingspan is 9–11 mm. The forewings are pale yellow ochreous, sprinkled with ferruginous points, especially on the dorsal half. There is a black dot near the base towards the costa, sometimes one on the base of the fold, and a small spot on the base of the dorsum. The stigmata is black, the plical somewhat obliquely before the first discal. There is a cloudy blackish dot on the dorsum beneath the second discal and a row of submarginal black dots around the posterior half of the costa and termen. The hindwings are grey.
# Will (surname)

Will is a surname found in the English-speaking world.
People with this surname include:
* Clifford Martin Will (born 1946), Canadian-born mathematical physicist
* Conrad Will (politician) (1779–1835), American physician, politician, and pioneer
* Conrad Will (triathlete) (1941–2002), American early pioneer in the sport of triathlon
* George Will (born 1941), American conservative writer
# Moore's Cove

Moore's Cove is a settlement in Newfoundland and Labrador.
49°29′42″N 55°16′23″W﻿ / ﻿49.495°N 55.273°W﻿ / 49.495; -55.273
* This Newfoundland and Labrador location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Arctic Escape

Arctic Escape is a puzzle video game developed and published by Teyon for Nintendo DS and iOS in 2011. It was ported to Japan for release under the name Penguin Dai-Dasshutsu (ペンギン大脱出, Pengin Dai Dasshutsu) on November 14, 2012.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | (iOS) 71/100 (DS) 70/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Eurogamer | (DS) 7/10 |
| GamePro | (iOS) |
| Nintendo Life | (DS) |
The game received above-average reviews on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.
# Utricularia guyanensis

Utricularia guyanensis is a small, probably perennial, terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia and is the only member of Utricularia sect. Stylotheca. U. guyanensis is native to Central (Honduras and Nicaragua) and South America (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela). It grows as a terrestrial plant on wet or damp sandy savannas at lower altitudes, but up to 1,100 m (3,609 ft) in Bolívar. It has been collected in flower between January and November. It was originally published and described by Alphonse Pyrame de Candolle in 1844 and placed in its own section, Stylotheca.
# Gello, Pontedera

Gello is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Pontedera, province of Pisa. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 284.
Gello is about 24 km from Pisa and 6 km from Pontedera.
# Great Bahama Canyon

The Great Bahama Canyon is a V-shaped submarine canyon system in the Bahamas that cuts between the Abaco Islands to the north and Eleuthera island to the south. It separates the Bahama Banks and forms one of the deepest underwater canyon systems known. There are three branches: the Tongue of the Ocean running south between Andros and New Providence, and the northeast and northwest Providence Channel. The canyon walls reach heights of 5 kilometres (3 mi), taller than any canyon walls on land. This canyon system has remained open through a process of submarine erosion.
# Leslie Wright (priest)

The Venerable Leslie Wright CBE was an eminent Anglican priest in the second half of the 20th century.
He was born on 18 November 1899 and educated at St. Bees School and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He was Commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1919 and retired in 1926. He was Travelling Secretary for the Officers' Christian Union from 1928 to 1935 when he was ordained a priest in the Church of England. After a curacy at St Andrews, Nottingham he became a RAF Chaplain, rising through the service to become an Honorary Chaplain to the King and eventually its Archdeacon (Chaplain-in-Chief). He was Vicar of Wimbledon from 1953 to 1961 and of Kingston Vale until his retirement in 1968.
He died on 28 April 1972.
# Bracknell Hornets

The Bracknell Hornets is an ice hockey team from Bracknell, Berkshire, who play in the NIHL South Division 1. In 2009/10 they won the league playoffs.

## History

Bracknell have been a part of the ENL since its creation in the 2000/2001 season playing at "The Hive" (the nickname for the John Nike Leisuresport Complex), and traditionally play their home games on Saturdays.
The team is run under the banner of the Bracknell Ice Hockey Club, the Hornets being their senior team with the aim of encouraging junior players to progress through the ranks.
In recent times strong links have been forged with the Bracknell Bees with players on 2 way contracts between the 2 clubs.
# Dzindri

Dzindri is a town located on the island of Anjouan in the Comoros.
12°14′S 44°21′E﻿ / ﻿12.233°S 44.350°E﻿ / -12.233; 44.350
* This Comoros location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Darbuka (disambiguation)

Darbuka may refer to:
* Darbuka or goblet drum, also chalice drum, tarabuka, tarabaki, derbake, debuka, doumbek, dumbec, dumbeg, dumbelek, tablah, toumperleki or zerbaghali, a percussion instrument
* Darbuka Siva, an Indian musician, music producer and an actor based in Chennai, India.
# Arctic Experience McNaught Gallery

The Arctic Experience McNaught Gallery is an art gallery located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It specializes in Inuit art and Canadian landscape paintings.

## History

Hamilton natives Marvin and Lorraine Cohen moved to Baffin Island in the 1970s when Marvin accepted a teaching position in Frobisher Bay. The couple spent five years with the Inuit community there and became connected with the people and their art. They returned to Hamilton in the 1980s and opened the Arctic Experience Gallery in 1983 on Houston Street to appraise and showcase Inuit sculpture and hold exhibitions of the work of Inuit artists.
McNaught grew up in Deep River, Ontario and moved to Toronto and Burlington, Ontario before attending McMaster University. She became involved in Hamilton's arts community, sat on the Editorial Board for Art Impression Magazine, was Arts and Entertainment Editor for 701.com, and acted as Director of Beckett Gallery from 1981 until it closed in 1993.
The Cohens moved their gallery to its present location on James Street South in 1993. At that time they entered into a partnership with McNaught, who introduced a collection of Canadian paintings and prints to the gallery.
In 2015 the gallery was in the news when NcNaught was called upon to help evaluate a large art collection. Among the paintings were a number of sketches asserted to have been drawn by Group of Seven artist J. E. H. MacDonald and buried by him in the back yard of his home.
In 2016 The gallery acquired 132 pieces of Inuit art created in the 1950s and 1960s by tuberculosis patients at the Hamilton Mountain Sanitorium.

## Sculpture

The Cohens continue to visit Cape Dorset to bring back new sculptures from some of Canada's Inuit artists, including Pauta Saila, Kelly Qimirpik, Pudlalik Shaa, and Tukiki Manomie.

## Paintings

The McNaught Gallery showcases pieces from Canadian artists who work with landscape and nature motifs. There is an emphasis on Hamilton-area painters, including Brian Darcy, James Gummerson, Heather Pate, and Gisele Comtois. The gallery also features a number of historical prints, including pieces from George Thompson, Franz Johnston, Ghislain Caron, Frank Panabaker, Frederick Haines, and Major James Wallis.
# Admiral Noble

Admiral Noble may refer to:
* Albert G. Noble (1895–1980), U.S. Navy admiral (promoted from vice admiral upon retirement)
* Joseph D. Noble (born 1967), U.S. Navy rear admiral
* Percy Noble (Royal Navy officer) (1880–1955), British Royal Navy admiral
# Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Act 2009

The Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Act 2009 (c 6) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was enacted to give effect to the Third Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions and to the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel.

## Section 1

This section amends the Geneva Conventions Act 1957. It came into force on 5 April 2010. It was extended, with modifications, to Guernsey, on 15 January 2011.

## Section 2

This section amends section 4 of the United Nations Personnel Act 1997. It came into force on 28 July 2010.

## Section 3 - Commencement, extent and short title

This section came into force on the beginning of 2 July 2009.
# Great Bakkungaan Island

Great Bakkungaan Island (also called Bakungan Island) is a small tropical island surrounded by the Sulu Sea in the province of Tawi-Tawi, Philippines. The island is one of the seven Philippine Turtle Islands.

## Geography

The island is at the very edge of the international treaty limits separating the Philippines from Malaysia. Indeed, the island itself is referred to in the international border treaty concluded in 1930 between the United States (in respect of its then overseas territory, the Philippine Archipelago) and the United Kingdom (in respect of its then protectorate, the State of North Borneo). That treaty sets the international frontier as running in a straight line between Little Bakkungaan Island and Great Bakkungaan Island. Little Bakkungaan Island is one of the three Malaysian Turtle Islands and less than 2 km of water separate the two islands. This makes Great Bakkungaan Island the internationally recognized Philippine territory that is closest to Malaysian territory.
Great Bakkungaan is the third largest of the Philippine Turtle Islands at 51 hectares (130 acres) with the highest elevation at 58 metres (190 ft).

## History

As one of the Philippine Turtle Islands the island enjoys the historical distinction of being territory that was not under Philippine administration at the time of independence in 1946. The State of North Borneo, a United Kingdom protectorate, administered the Philippine island. The Republic of the Philippines took over the administration of the island from the United Kingdom on 16 October 1947.

## Government and ownership

The island is part of the barangay of Taganak Poblacion which had a population of 2,430 at the time of the 2010 census. It is in the municipality of the Turtle Islands. There is an elementary school on the island which had 266 students in the 2013/2014 academic year.
The island is part of the Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary established on 12 August 1999 by Presidential Proclamation 171. The island is owned by the State.
There was a previous controversy concerning the island's ownership. According to a 2009 report in the Philippine Daily Inquirer, the island was settled by a certain Sing Kok Tan in 1952. In 1997 his heirs decided to sell the island to the children of a local politician, Sadikul A. Sahali who later served as governor of the province of Tawi-Tawi. By 2007, according to then Governor Sahali, his children were preparing to submit their application to have their ownership of the island registered. However, by then the island had already been declared to be part of the Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary and the Sahali family decided not to pursue their land title claim.

## Crime and Piracy

The Abu Sayyaf criminal terrorist group who specialise in kidnap for ransome is active in the vicinity of the island. In 2017 it was reported they had abducted 3 Indonesian sailors in waters off Great Bakkungaan. The following month it was reported that an alleged Abu Sayyaf terrorist was killed in a fire fight with government forces who were conducting maritime security patrol off the waters of Great Bakkungaan.
# Galileo Violini

Galileo Violini is a theoretical physicist and the director emeritus of the Centro Internacional de Física [es] in Bogotá, Colombia. He is the recipient of the 2024 Joseph A. Burton Forum Award "for establishing programs in physics education and research in Latin America and the Caribbean that increased regional scientific capacity, for promoting international scientific cooperation across continents and regions of the world, and for creating the Centro Internacional de Física in Colombia."
His main area of interests are science education, science diplomacy, and synchrotron science. He is participating in the project to bring a synchrotron light source to the Greater Caribbean.

## Education and career

Violini graduated from La Sapienza University in Rome, Italy, in 1965, and obtained the Italian Libera docenza in theoretical physics from Sapienza in 1971, where he later became a professor of algebra and mathematical methods of physics. He then became a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Calabria in 1987.
In 1985 he founded the International Center for Physics of Bogotá (Centro Internacional de Física, CIF), in Colombia, modeled on the International Center for Theoretical Physics, where he is a director emeritus.

## Awards and honors

* 2023 John Wheatley Award of the American Physical Society
* 2023 World Academy of Art and Science Fellow
* Honorary member of the Colombian Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences
* Outstanding Salvadorean Recognition from the Government of El Salvador
* 2016 Abdus Salam Spirit Award of the International Center for Theoretical Physics
* UNESCO Representative to Islamic Republic of Iran
# Jean Coleman

Jean Coleman may refer to:
* Jean Coleman (officer) (1908–1982), member of the British Special Operations Executive
* Jean Coleman (athlete) (1918–2008), Australian sprinter
* Jean Ellen Coleman, American librarian