OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Halfpenny Bridge

Halfpenny Bridge is a bridge across the River Thames, at Lechlade, Gloucestershire, England. The bridge and its toll house are a Grade II listed building. It marks the start of the navigable Thames, although if the waters are high, the Thames can continue to be travelled by small and unpowered craft as far as Cricklade, over 10 miles (16 km) south-west.
The bow-backed bridge was built to a design of James Hollingworth in 1792. It carries the A361 from the south into Lechlade. It was called the Halfpenny bridge because that was the toll charged for pedestrians to cross it, until the toll was done away with in 1839.
The A361 is called Thames Street at this point, and the bridge was built when Thames Street was laid out. The structure is around 20 feet (6 m) wide and the single arch is nearly 26 feet (8 m) high to its apex. On the north bank of the river, a small square toll house is attached to the bridge on the downstream side. It consists of a basement and a room at road level, with a pyramidal asbestos slate roof. Both the bridge and the toll house are grade II listed. It is thought that a local firm of builders called Ralph and Crowdy were responsible for its construction. There is a separate arch in the south causeway, through which the towpath passes, and both parapets carry a central panel with a line on it, to mark the county boundary between Wiltshire and Gloucestershire.
In June 2023, a driver crashed into the eastern parapet causing substantial damage to the structure. The bridge is expected to remain closed to traffic for some months.
A local micro-brewery based in Lechlade, The Halfpenny Brewery, is named after the bridge.
# West Ecclesfield

53°26′17″N 1°29′31″W﻿ / ﻿53.438°N 1.492°W﻿ / 53.438; -1.492
West Ecclesfield ward—which includes the districts of Burncross, Grenoside, High Green—is one of the 28 electoral wards in City of Sheffield, England. It is located in the northern part of the city and covers an area of 4.83 square miles (3,090 acres; 12.5 km$^2$) in the western part of Ecclesfield Parish. The population of this ward in 2011 was 17,699 people in 7,675 households. West Ecclesfield was one of the six wards that made up the former Sheffield Hillsborough Parliamentary constituency. In their final report, the Boundary Commission for England recommended that West Ecclesfield form part of a reformed Penistone Parliamentary constituency. West Ecclesfield is composed of a number of polling districts. There are six in total; Angram Bank, Burncross, Grenoside one and two, Mortomley and Wortley Road.

## Districts in West Ecclesfield ward
### Burncross

Burncross (grid reference SK345961) is in the north of the ward west of Chapeltown. It is a mostly residential area, which includes the Grade II listed Barnes Hall, rebuilt in 1824.

### Grenoside

Grenoside (grid reference SK340938) is isolated from the other two districts in the south of the ward. It is at a closer proximity to Parson Cross.

### High Green

High Green (grid reference SK340972) is north-west of Burncross. It is the most northerly suburb of Sheffield.
* This South Yorkshire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Kokovha

Kokovha is the album by South African singer-songwriter Makhadzi, released on 16 October 2020 through Open Mic.
The album was certified Gold in South Africa.

## Commercial performance

Kokovha was commercial successful and named the most streamed female album by Apple Music in South Africa.

## Personnel

Adapted from AllMusic.
* Bongani Shabangu – composer, producer
* Calvin Thaba – composer, producer
* Charma Gal – vocals
* DJ Call Me – vocals
* FB – vocals
* Gigi Lamayne – vocals
* Jah Prayzah – vocals
* Jan Maluleke – composer, producer
* Lyonel Siwela – composer, producer
* Makhadzi – vocals
* Mampintsha – vocals
* Master KG – vocals
* Mayten – vocals
* Mizo Phyll – vocals
* Moonchild Sanelly – vocals
* Mr Brown – vocals
* Oleile Sedumedi – composer, producer
* Prince Benza – vocals
* Sho Madjozi – vocals
* Sindiswa Shobede – composer, producer
* Team Mosha – vocals

## Certifications

Certifications for Kokovha :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Africa (RISA) | Gold | 10,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

Release dates and formats for Kokovha :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label |
| South Africa | 16 October 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Open Mic |
# 1986 NCAA rifle championships

The 1986 NCAA Rifle Championships were contested at the seventh annual competition to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA co-ed collegiate rifle shooting in the United States. The championship was held at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland.
West Virginia, with a team score of 6,229, won their third team title, besting defending champions Murray State by 66 points in the team standings. It was the Mountaineers third title in four years and the third for coach Edward Etzel.
The individual champions were, for the smallbore rifle, Mike Anti (West Virginia), and, for the air rifle, Marianne Wallace (Murray State).

## Qualification

Since there is only one national collegiate championship for rifle shooting, all NCAA rifle programs (whether from Division I, Division II, or Division III) were eligible. A total of seven teams ultimately contested this championship.

## Results

* Scoring: The championship consisted of 120 shots by each competitor in smallbore and 40 shots per competitor in air rifle.

### Team title

| Rank | Team | Points |
| | West Virginia | 6,229 |
| | Murray State | 6,163 |
| | Army | 6,138 |
| 4 | Tennessee Tech | 6,090 |
| 5 | East Tennessee State South Florida | 6,085 |
| 7 | Washington State | 6,016 |

### Individual events

| Event | Winner | Score |
| Smallbore | Mike Anti, West Virginia | 1,168 |
| Air rifle | Marianne Wallace, Murray State | 387 |
# Direct method

Direct method may refer to
* Direct method (education) for learning a foreign language
* Direct method (computational mathematics) as opposed to iterative method
* Direct methods (crystallography) for estimating the phases of the Fourier transform of the scattering density from the corresponding magnitudes
* Direct method in calculus of variations for constructing a proof of the existence of a minimizer for a given functional
* Direct method (accounting) as opposed to indirect method for calculating cash flows
# ELK4

ETS domain-containing protein Elk-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELK4 gene.

## Function

This gene is a member of the Ets family of transcription factors and of the ternary complex factor (TCF) subfamily. Proteins of the TCF subfamily form a ternary complex by binding to the serum response factor and the serum response element in the promoter of the c-fos proto-oncogene. The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated by the kinases, MAPK1 and MAPK8. Several transcript variants have been described for this gene.

## Interactions

ELK4 has been shown to interact with:
* BRCA1, and
* Serum response factor
# 2011 Rugby World Cup – Oceania qualification

There was one qualifier for Rugby World Cup 2011 from the Oceania region. The qualifying process began with the 2009 Oceania Nations Cup, with the winner going on to play Samoa.
The first stage was the four team Oceania Nations Cup. The Cup was played as a straight knock-out. The winner then advanced to the final qualifier against Samoa, a two legged playoff to decide the Oceania Qualifier who faced South Africa, Wales, Fiji, and the African qualifier (Namibia) in Pool D
Oceania was the only region not to send a team to the 20th place playoff.

## Round 1: Oceania Cup

Papua New Guinea won the 2009 Oceania Cup and advanced to Round 2.
| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| June 27, 2009 | June 27, 2009 |
| Papua New Guinea | 86 |
| Papua New Guinea | 86 | July 4, 2009 | July 4, 2009 |
| Vanuatu | 12 | July 4, 2009 | July 4, 2009 |
| Vanuatu | 12 | Papua New Guinea | 29 |
| June 27, 2009 | June 27, 2009 | | Papua New Guinea | 29 |
| June 27, 2009 | June 27, 2009 | Cook Islands | 21 |
| Cook Islands | 29 | Cook Islands | 21 |
| Niue | 7 | | |

### Semi-finals

* 27 June 2009
| Papua New Guinea | 86–12 | Vanuatu |
* Lloyd Robson Oval, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
* 27 June 2009
| Cook Islands | 29–7 | Niue |
* Lloyd Robson Oval, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

### Final

* 4 July 2009
| Papua New Guinea | 29–21 | Cook Islands |
* Lloyd Robson Oval, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

## Round 2: Oceania final

Samoa won 188–19 on aggregate and progressed to the 2011 Rugby World Cup finals as Oceania 1.

### Home and away

* 11 July 2009
| Samoa | 115–7 | Papua New Guinea |
* Apia Park, Apia
* 18 July 2009
| Papua New Guinea | 12–73 | Samoa |
* Lloyd Robson Oval, Port Moresby
# Glasgow and Ship Bank

The Glasgow and Ship Bank was created in 1836 from the merger of the Ship Bank and the Glasgow Banking Company.
The Glasgow and Ship Bank was formed as a private bank. In 1843, the partners accepted an offer from the Union Bank of Scotland to buy the business.
# Ōgata, Niigata

Ōgata (大潟町, Ōgata-machi) was a town located in Nakakubiki District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 10,636 and a density of 651.72 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 16.32 km$^2$.
On January 1, 2005, Ōgata, along with the town of Yasuzuka, the villages of Maki, Ōshima and Uragawara (all from Higashikubiki District), the towns of Itakura, Kakizaki and Yoshikawa, the villages of Kiyosato, Kubiki, Nakagō and Sanwa (all from Nakakubiki District), and the town of Nadachi (from Nishikubiki District), was merged into the expanded city of Jōetsu.
# Zandu Realty

Zandu Care Limited (formerly Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Limited) is an Indian multinational pharmaceutical company based in Kolkata. Its core business is manufacturing and dealing in Ayurvedic and medicinal preparations and owned by Emami.

## History

Established in 1910 by Prabhashankar Pattani, Prime Minister of the erstwhile state of Bhavnagar with Zandu Bhatt, Zandu went public in 1919 with the issuance of stocks.
The company derives its name from Vaidhya Zandu Bhattji, the original founder of the firm named Zandu Pharmaceuticals. He was a renowned Vaidhya not only of Gujarat but India in late 19th century and early 20th century. The Vaidhya family's stake has been sold to Emami in 2008 for ₹730 crores
# Lobophytum meandriforme

Lobophytum meandriforme is a species of coral in the genus Lobophytum.
# Manduca scutata

Manduca scutata is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is found from Venezuela south to Bolivia and northern Argentina.

## Description

The wingspan is about 95 mm.
* Female Dorsal side
* Female Ventral side

## Biology

Adults have been recorded in November.
# 1938 Spring Hill Badgers football team

The 1938 Spring Hill Badgers football team was an American football team that represented Spring Hill College as a member of the Dixie Conference during the 1938 college football season. In their first year under head coach Earle Smith, the team compiled a 3–6 record.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 23 | at Loyola (LA) | Loyola University StadiumNew Orleans, LA | L 0–13 |
| September 30 | at Miami (FL)* | Burdine StadiumMiami, FL | L 0–40 |
| October 7 | Jacksonville State* | Dorn StadiumMobile, AL | W 60–0 |
| October 14 | Southwestern Louisiana* | Dorn StadiumMobile, AL | L 7–33 |
| October 21 | Union (TN)* | Dorn StadiumMobile, AL | W 14–7 |
| October 28 | at Howard (AL) | Legion FieldBirmingham, AL | L 0–26 |
| November 5 | at Mississippi College | Provine FieldClinton, MS | L 0–35 |
| November 11 | Birmingham–Southern | Dorn StadiumMobile, AL | L 0–7 |
| November 24 | Millsaps | Dorn StadiumMobile, AL | W 26–0 |
| *Non-conference game |||||
# Hagendorfite

Hagendorfite is an iron phosphate mineral with the chemical formula of (Na,Ca)MnFe$_2$(PO$_4$)$_3$ and is named after where the mineral was discovered, Hagendorf-Süd, Bavaria, Germany.
Hagendorfite is in the monoclinic crystal class; the mineral's internal symmetry consists of three axes with unequal length. Furthermore, the angles between two of the axes is 90° while the other angle is less than 90°. Monoclinic minerals contain a twofold rotation axis where they can be rotated 360° and have the crystal face repeat every 180°. They also have the characteristic mirror plane, which can produce a perfect mirror image when divided in two.
Hagendorfite belongs to the monoclinic crystal class, so it is assigned to the biaxial optical class. Hagendorfite's optic sign, which is negative, is proven by examining its interference figure. Biaxial minerals, including Hagendorfite, have three indices of refraction which may or may not correspond with the mineral's unequally lengthened axes. A refractive index will provide the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum with the speed of light in the mineral. A single refractive index is given when two rays of light vibrate in the mineral's circular section and move along the optic axes.

## Occurrence

The mineral is found in various locations around the world. Hagendorfite occurs in complex granite course-grained rocks called pegmatites or in the phosphate nodules in shale. Although hagendorfite was first discovered in Bavaria, Germany, it has since been found in the Southern Province in Rwanda, the Sowie Mountains in Poland, and New Hampshire in the US. Hagendorfite is of interest to mineralogists researching phosphate-bearing pegmatites or the dickinsonite series. Hagendorfite is associated with the dickinsonite series and with other mineral members including varulite, alluarrdite, and manganalluaudite.
# Evelyne Boisvert

Evelyne Boisvert (born 24 September 1970) is a Canadian diver. She competed in the women's 3 metre springboard event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Andrius Arlauskas

Andrius Arlauskas (born 16 January 1986) is a Lithuanian football midfielder who plays for FK Ekranas.
# Long Way from Home (album)

Long Way From Home is an album by Peter Cincotti, released in 2017. It is Cincotti's fifth album.
# Ervin Schiffer

Ervin Schiffer (born 1932, Balassagyarmat, Hungary, died July 2014, Antwerp, Belgium) was a Hungarian born violist and pedagogue. He has played as a part of the Haydn Quartet and the Tahor Quartet. He also played viola in the Dekany Quartet, the predecessor-group to the Haydn Quartet.
As a teacher he was very influential, teaching amongst others at the Amsterdam Conservatory and La Chapelle Royale (Brussels). Many if not all of these institutions' current staff were at some point formed by Mr. Schiffer. He and his wife, violinist Katy Sebestyen were co-founders and the artistic heart of the Cours International de Musique (Morges, Switzerland).
# Diploma (Japan)

Diploma in Japanese has 2 meanings. They can be translated into "Senmonshi"(Japanese:専門士), the Japanese original academic degree, and the certificate of graduation.

## Usage
### Japanese original academic degree

The first meaning is a Japanese original academic degree given to people who had spent more than 2 years and successfully completed a particular specialized course of study at the vocational school certified by Japanese educational ministry. This academic degree was established in 1994 to improve the graduates' reputation and to promote lifelong learning. This is called "Senmonshi"(専門士) which means a specialist or an expert in Japanese. Its level is equal to associate or foundation degree given by the junior college. The name of academic degree in English was translated into "technical associate" in the past. The vocational schools in this article mean a "Senmon-gakkō" (専門学校) which means a professional training college and a "Senshū-gakkō" (専修学校) which means a specialized training colleges.

#### Courses

* Technology (工業)
* Agriculture (農業)
* Medical Care (医療)
* Personal Care and Nutrition (衛生)
* Education and Welfare (教育・社会福祉)
* Business (商業実務)
* Fashion and Home Economics (服飾・家政)
* Culture and General Education (文化・教養)
* Music (音楽)

#### Requirements

* To spend the school-life more than 2 years at the certified vocational schools.
* To spend the more than 1700 lessons (about 1416 hours which are equal to about 63 credits in a university and a junior college) before the graduation.
* To pass the examinations assigned by the certified vocational schools.

### Certificate of Graduation

The second meaning is documents of certificate of graduation or deed of Graduation issued by the educational institutions, such as an elementary school, a junior high school, a high school, and a university, which testified that the recipient has successfully completed a particular course of study, or confers an academic degree. This is called a "Sotsugyō Shōsho" (Japanese:卒業証書) which literally means the certificate of graduation.
# Gawaza

Gawaza is a town and commune in Cameroon.
# Manduca schausi

Manduca schausi is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Costa Rica to Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia.
The wingspan is 114–138 mm. It is intermediate between Manduca lichenea and Manduca florestan, with a pattern that is similar to both. The body and forewings are grey with a green tinge, but the forewing upperside is darker. Adults are on wing nearly year round in Costa Rica.
The larvae feed on Capsicum annuum and Lycopersicon esculentum.
# Chapel Row

Chapel Row is a hamlet in West Berkshire, England, and part of the civil parish of Bucklebury. In 2019 it had an estimated population of 627.

## History

The hamlet was first documented in 1617 as Chapel Rewe and subsequently featured on Roque's Map of Berkshire in 1761.
There was a chapel in the area built sometime before the 12th century, which led to the naming of the hamlet. The chapel was in decay by the 12th century, but extant as ruins in the 18th century. It no longer exists.
Since the mid 17th century, an inn has stood near to the locality's green. The site is now occupied by The Bladebone Inn.

### Chapel Row Revels

In the 18th century, Chapel Row became known for its revels, which were held on the Monday following the feast of Saint Anne. The revels featured events such as backswording (described by Joseph Addison in The Spectator as "a ring of cudgel players who broke one another's heads in order to make some impression on their mistresses' hearts"). The sport was not featured in a number of later fayres as at least one contender was reported to have been killed. An 1812 Reading Mercury article on the fayre focusses primarily on agriculture, stating that the event was an opportunity to trade cattle and employ farmhands.

## Geography

The settlement is on a minor crossroads, on the C road topping the northern escarpment between Thatcham and Theale above the Kennet valley and is centred 5.5 miles (8.9 km) east north-east of Newbury. Woodland, with public access as common land and under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, occupies the land immediatedly west and south-west of the clustered centre, Bucklebury Common.

## Notable people

Chapel Row was the home of the Princess of Wales before her marriage in April 2011.
# Carex himalaica

Carex himalaica is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Nepal.
# Kurtis Schaeffer

Kurtis R. Schaeffer is Professor of Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Virginia, United States, and Chair of the Religious Studies department. His primary topics of research are the history of the regions of Nepal, India, Tibet, and China, with a focus on the forms of Buddhism present in these areas, most especially Tibetan Buddhism. Some specific issues he has been concentrated on include Indo-Tibetan poetry, the development of classical learning and printed literature in Tibetan cultural regions, and the history of women, saints, and Dalai Lamas in Tibet. For his work, Schaeffer has received Fulbright, Ryskamp, and Whiting fellowships.

## Biography

Schaeffer received a B.A. in Religious Studies from Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon in 1988, and an additional B.A. from the Evergreen State College, Olympia, Washington, in 1990. He received a Master of Arts (M.A.) in Buddhist Studies from the University of Washington in 1995 and then a Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) from Harvard University in 2000 in Tibetan and South Asian Religions.
In 2000, he was appointed assistant professor at the University of Alabama in the Department of Religious Studies. In 2003, he took a leave of absence for the entire year with the backing of a Mellon Foundation Fellowship. Schaeffer was awarded tenure and promoted to the position of associate professor a year early, in 2004. In late 2005, Schaeffer took a position at the University of Virginia as an associate professor in the Department of Religious Studies, specifically in Tibetan and Buddhist studies, where he oversees the study and research of over twenty graduate students. He is also the past co-director, with Frances Garrett, of the Tibetan and Himalayan Religious Group in the American Academy of Religion (AAR). From 2005 to present, he served as a co-director for The Tibetan Buddhist Canonical Collections Cataloging Project for the Tibetan and Himalayan Library. He has also been Book Review Editor for the Journal of the American Academy of Religion from 2006 to the present, as well as for the Journal of the International Association for Tibetan Studies from 2005 to date. In 2024, his book Buddhist Meditation: Classic Teachings from Tibet was published.
# Dublin Molecular Medicine Centre

Dublin Molecular Medicine Centre (DMMC) was a charity set up in 2002, to create critical mass in molecular medicine research in Dublin, Ireland. Funding was provided by the Higher Education Authority.

## Resources

The academic resources supporting the teaching hospitals include:
* UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research which is organised into 3 interactive multi-disciplinary centres : synthesis and chemical biology; integrative biology and molecular medicine.
* RCSI Research Institute whose portfolio included cellular neuroscience, molecular research, advanced drug delivery, proteomics and pharmacy.
* TCD Institute of Molecular Medicine focuses on cancer (prostate, haematological, esophageal, cervical, thoracic), infection and immunity (tuberculosis); genomic research into inflammatory disease, molecular histopathology, cell signalling, neuropsychiatric genetics and nutrigenomics.

## New Clinical Research Centre

DMMC secured funding from the Wellcome Trust for a major clinical research centre to be led by Professor Dermot P. Kelleher for Dublin comprising two elements:
* A new research centre at St. James's Hospital, Dublin.
* A network of new clinical research facilities linking the proposed new centre to existing centres at Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, St. Vincent’s University Hospital Dublin and Mater Misericordiae University Hospital

## Successor

Dublin Molecular Medicine Centre evolved to become Molecular Medicine Ireland which was established in 2008.