OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elias Tozer

Elias Tozer (21 November 1825 – 13 December 1873) was a Devon journalist, poet and collector of folk stories.

## Life

Elias Tozer was born on 21 November 1825 in Exeter. For many years he was a reporter for the Western Times, an Exeter paper. Later he bought the newspaper Chambers' Exeter Journal. His paper was merged into the Devon Weekly Times, and Tozer became joint owner of this newspaper. Elias Tozer died on 13 December 1873.

## Work

Tozer wrote many articles on Devonshire country life, and delighted in reproducing dialect. For example, he wrote of a visit to the village of Drewsteignton when the bells were being rung, "'They be often ringing, sir,' observed an old man to me; and he continued: 'The ringers be vurry fond of the bells, and sometimes they ring vor vurry little. T'other day Varmer Dadd killed a peg, and gied the natlins to the poor of the parish. Darned if the ringers didden ring vor a whole hour, as they zed, to cillebrate the hayvent.'" Tozer could write in a more serious vein. Thus he describes a ritual that until recently had been observed in the village of Buckland-in-the-Moor on Midsummer Day in which the youth of the village would sacrifice a sheep on the block of granite and sprinkle themselves with the blood. He could not find what the significance of the ritual was,but says it was thought to have pre-Christian Celtic origins.
Tozer's Devonshire & Other Original Poems, originally published in 1873 under the nom-de-plume of "Tickler", was very popular. Most of the poems had been published in the Devon Weekly Times or the Evening Express. A dialect poem entitled "Satan's visit to North Lew as told by Ma Granfer" begins:
   The devil he cum to our parish wan day, But he zed he didden intend vor to stay; He was gwain on varther to vetch a vat Prior, The layder of Tavistock's vair Abbey quire, Who'd a been a behavin as no Prior shude do, And he'd vix'd to make un a vine brimstone stew.
Some poems were in standard English, thus On Cawsand Beacon celebrates the famous Dartmoor hill as,
   Rolling o’er the purple heather, In the glorious Summer weather, Staining lips with whortleberries, Sweet as any figs or cherries.
   Sipping from the crystal stream, Lying on the banks to dream, Watching skylarks soar above Singing, with them, strains of love.
   Gazing over boundless plain, List’ning to the sweet refrain Of the rivulets and rills As they flow by distant hills;
   Hearing voices, strange and low, Mystic tones that come and go, Seeing tors salute each other, Every one a friend and brother.

## Publications

* Tozer, Elias (1869), Devonshire Sketches: Dartmoor and its Borders
* Tozer, Elias (1871), Devonshire sketches, including pixie lore, ..., Exeter: Devon Weekly Times Office
* Tozer, Elias (1873), Devonshire & Other Original Poems: With Some Account of Ancient Customs, Superstitions, and Traditions, Printed and published at the office of the Devon Weekly Times, retrieved 2016-08-28
# Lumwana mine

The Lumwana mine is a large copper mine located in north-west Zambia in North-Western Province. Lumwana is owned by Barrick Gold and represents one of the largest copper reserves in Zambia and in the world having estimated 5.014 billion pounds of proven and probable copper reserves of ore grading 0.68% copper.
The mine is operated by Lumwana Mining Company Limited (LMC).

## Timeline

In 2019, Barrick Gold considered selling the mining operation after receiving interest from potential buyers following its merger with Randgold Resources Ltd., however the discussions fell through. It had previously in the same year attracted interest from companies including China Minmetals Corp., Jiangxi Copper Co. and Zijin Mining Group Co.
In an interview in November 2021, Barrick Gold CEO, Mark Bristow, indicated Lumwana copper mine was on course to contribute roughly 20% of the group’s annual EBITDA largely due to the increase in the copper price. The improvement in the copper price also meant that Barrick will have more flexibility on whether it proceeds to the development of a super-pit at Lumwana. He also added that the normalisation of Zambia’s fiscal regulations with the reintroduction of mineral royalties being deductible from corporate tax was a significant event.
# Akam (poetry)

Akam (Tamil: அகம், akam) is one of two genres of Classical Tamil poetry that concerns with the subject of love, the other (puṟam) concerns the subject of war. It can also be translated as love and heroism. It is further subdivided into the five thinai. The type of love was divided into seven ranging from unrequited love to mismatched love.

## History

Initially an oral tradition, 400 early Akam dating to the 1st century BCE to 2nd century CE were first compiled in the third century into an anthology known as Akananuru. Each poem was in aciriyam meter consisting of 13 to 31 lines. Some of the poems were contemporary for the time, and historians have suggested the poems were written as a means of preserving the tradition in the face of rising literacy among the elite, and the simultaneous decline of power among tribal leaders.
As power shifted away from Jain and Buddhist chieftains to Hindu ones, poems began to be contextualized and appropriated, including Akam poetry, which increasingly included the names of Hindu gods and even began to cast Buddhist and Jain saints negatively, or included commentaries that recontextualized their presence.

## Themes
### Natural world

Akam poetry typically explains the background of the lovers' story around three concepts: time and place (mudal), natural setting (karu) and their actions (uri). The poems often rely on these natural settings as metaphors for the lovers' actions, blending seasonal changes, the external natural features, and interior states. The concept of place and emotion were also connected, with poets drawing on a set of symbols from a specific regions' "gods, food, fauna, flora, music" and other local landmarks or symbols of the region. Murali has suggested that this is can be interpreted as an early poetic for the "ecosystem" concept.
| Landscape | தினை | Concept |
| kuṟiñci | குறிஞ்சி | Sexual union |
| Mullai | முல்லை | Yearning |
| marutam | மருதம் | Sulking |
| neital | நெய்தல் | Pining |
| pālai | பாலை | Separation |

### The playmate

As poems concerning courtship, they often relied on an intermediary figure, "the playmate," to cultivate the relationship or serve as an early go-between amongst the woman and her suitor. Often a maid or servant of the love interest, the playmate's role grants her greater freedom of movement, which she uses to arrange trysts between lovers and to advance their relationship toward marriage.
# Equestrian at the 2016 Summer Paralympics – Individual championship test grade IV

The Equestrian Individual Championship Test Grade IV event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics was held in the Olympic Equestrian Centre on 14 September.
The competition was assessed by a ground jury composed of five judges placed at locations designated E, H, C, M, and B. Each judge rated the competitors' performances with a percentage score. The five scores from the jury were then averaged to determine a rider's total percentage score.
The event was won by Sophie Wells representing the United Kingdom.

## Results

Individual championship test - Class III :
| Rank | Rider | Horse | Team | Scores | Scores | Scores | Scores | Scores | Final Total |
| Rank | Rider | Horse | Team | E | H | C | M | B | Final Total |
| | Sophie Wells | Valerius | Great Britain | 72.143 | 75.476 | 75.238 | 75.119 | 76.310 | 74.857 |
| | Michèle George | Fbw Rainman | Belgium | 74.048 | 73.452 | 73.095 | 77.381 | 73.690 | 74.333 |
| | Frank Hosmar | Alphaville | Netherlands | 74.167 | 70.476 | 73.452 | 72.262 | 71.905 | 72.452 |
| 4 | Lisa Martin | First Famous | Australia | 71.310 | 70.357 | 72.500 | 72.143 | 71.071 | 71.476 |
| 5 | Carolin Schnarre | Del Rusch | Germany | 70.476 | 69.405 | 70.714 | 69.405 | 69.524 | 69.905 |
| 6 | Ciska Vermeulen | Rohmeo | Belgium | 68.810 | 67.381 | 65.833 | 69.643 | 68.333 | 68.000 |
| 7 | Heidi Loeken | Armano | Norway | 63.333 | 61.548 | 63.333 | 62.857 | 60.595 | 62.333 |
| 8 | Alfonsina Maldonado | Da Vinci | Uruguay | 60.238 | 61.786 | 58.333 | 59.762 | 59.167 | 59.857 |
| 9 | Nicole Geiger | Phal De Lafayette | Switzerland | | | | | | WD |
| Ground Jury: ||||
| E | Anne Prain | Anne Prain | France |
| H | Sarah Leitch | Sarah Leitch | United Kingdom |
| C | Hanneke Gerritsen (President) | Hanneke Gerritsen (President) | Netherlands |
| M | Marc Urban | Marc Urban | Belgium |
| B | Marco Orsini | Marco Orsini | Germany |
# Alexandru Ioan Lupaș

Alexandru Ioan Lupaș (5 January 1942 – 14 August 2007) was a Romanian mathematician.
He was born in Arad, where he attended the Moise Nicoară High School. He pursued his studies at Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj, obtaining a B.S. degree in Mathematics in 1964. He earned a Ph.D. degree in 1972 from the University of Stuttgart, under the direction of Werner Meyer-König [de] and Friedrich Moritz Lösch.
Lupaș then returned to work at Babeș-Bolyai University, obtaining a second Ph.D. degree in 1976 under the supervision of Tiberiu Popoviciu and Dimitrie D. Stancu [ro]. That year he moved to Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, starting as lecturer and advancing to full professor in 1990. He died in Sibiu.
# Altkirchen

Altkirchen is a village and a former municipality in the district Altenburger Land, in Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town of Schmölln.

## Geography
### Neighboring municipalities

Communities near Altkirchen are the city of Altenburg, Dobitschen, Drogen, Göhren, Göllnitz, Saara, and the city of Schmölln.

### Municipal organization

The municipality of Altkirchen was divided into 13 districts:
* Altkirchen
* Gimmel
* Gödissa
* Göldschen
* Großtauschwitz
* Illsitz
* Jauern
* Kleintauschwitz
* Kratschütz
* Nöbden
* Platschütz
* Röthenitz
* Trebula

## History

Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Altkirchen was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg. From 1952 to 1990, it was part of the Bezirk Leipzig of East Germany.
# Gangsters (1992 film)

Gangsters is a 1992 Italian drama film directed by Massimo Guglielmi. It was entered into the 18th Moscow International Film Festival.

## Plot

Genoa, 1945, after the end of the Second World War Umberto, Giulio and Enrico, three partisans, intend to continue their struggle killing the fascists, responsible for the murders and the tortures against the anti-fascists, who were not captured or they went unpunished. Their actions, however, do not have an exclusive punitive or vengeance aim, hoping that the fight will continue throughout the country, up to the revolution.
The Italian Communist Party, however, distances itself from these actions and, having learned of the identity of the three, sends the official Bava, acquaintance of the three and a friend of Giulio, to warn him to stop but the attempt will not succeed.

## Cast

* Ennio Fantastichini as Giulio
* Isabella Ferrari as Evelina
* Giuseppe Cederna as Umberto
* Giulio Scarpati as Enrico
* Luca Lionello as Franco
* Claudio Bigagli as Nicola
* Mattia Sbragia as the Carabinieri lieutenant
* Ivano Marescotti as Bava
* Maria Monti as the guest-house owner
# CTP

CTP may refer to:

## Science and technology

* Cyclohexylthiophthalimide, used in the production of rubber
* Cytidine triphosphate, a pyrimidine nucleotide
* Child-Turcotte-Pugh score of chronic liver disease.

### Computing

* Community Technology Preview of software
* Computer to plate, in lithographic printing
* SNIA Conformance Testing Program (SNIA-CTP), in storage networking
* Collection Tree Protocol for wireless sensor networks
* Canadian traveller problem, a shortest path problem

## Organizations

* Cambridge Technology Partners, US consulting company 1991-2001
* Concern Tractor Plants, a Russian machine building company
* MIT Center for Theoretical Physics
* Confederación de Trabajadores del Perú, a trade union center in Peru
* Republican Turkish Party (Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi), Northern Cyprus
* Tashkent Aircraft Production Corporation, Uzbekistan, ICAO airline designator; see Airline codes-T

## People

* Cristian Tudor Popescu (born 1956), Romanian journalist and writer

## Transportation

* Certified Transportation Professional, US credential overseen by National Private Truck Council
* Chisholm Trail Parkway, Dallas-Fort Worth area, US
* Compania de Transport Public Cluj-Napoca, public transit operator in Cluj-Napoca, Romania
* Compania de Transport Public (CTP) Iași, public transit operator in Iași, Romania

## Other uses

* Certified Treasury Professional, certification of the Association for Financial Professionals
* Convergence Technologies Professional
* Comprehensive Testing Program (CTP 1-5) by Educational Records Bureau
* Compulsory Third Party insurance, Australian vehicle insurance
* Caxton and CTP Publishers and Printers Limited of South Africa
* Chinese Text Project, a digital library project
# Lovelock (novel)

Lovelock is a 1994 science fiction novel by American writers Orson Scott Card and Kathryn H. Kidd. The novel's eponymous narrator, a sentient monkey, takes his name from James Lovelock, the scientist-inventor who formulated the Gaia hypothesis, which figures heavily in the book.

## Plot introduction

Lovelock is set in a near-future in which humanity is preparing to send out its first interstellar colonization ship, called the Ark. In the speculative future described by the novel, a new field of science, Gaiaology, has come into existence, based on the Gaia Hypothesis. Lovelock, a genetically- and cybernetically-enhanced capuchin monkey relates the story in the first person. Lovelock serves as the "Witness" for Carol Jeanne Cocciolone, meaning that his job is to record every waking moment of the life of a prominent member of society. As the chief Gaiaologist of the Ark, Carol Jeanne is responsible for managing the extensive terraforming their new planet will require, integrating the terrestrial species needed for the colonists' survival with the planet's existing ecology. Like every Witness, Lovelock has been indoctrinated to love and obey his owner unconditionally.

## Plot summary

When the book begins, the Cocciolone family is packing for their new life aboard the Mayflower. The family consists of Carol Jeanne, her husband Red, their daughters Lydia and Emmy, and Red's parents Mamie and Stef. They take a shuttle to the Ark, during which Lovelock is ashamed of his primitive, terrified response to free-fall.
Aboard the Mayflower, the Cocciolone family begins to integrate themselves into the society of the Ark. When Lovelock meets a scientist who attempts to communicate with him via sign language, Carol Jeanne explains that she hadn't taught her Witness sign language because she didn't want him "chattering to [her] all the time." This event marks Lovelock's first feelings of furious rebellion.
Lovelock begins to long for a mate, and children of his own. After learning about a supply of cryogenically frozen capuchin monkeys, he steals a young female monkey and hides her in the low-gravity poles that support the Ark. Unfortunately, she grows up stunted and sickly. Lovelock, realizing that should his actions be discovered he would be put to death, begins to write his story in a hidden file on the Ark's computer.

## Sequels

Card has announced that the novel is intended to be the first book in the Mayflower trilogy; the second book, Rasputin, is in progress, and the third book's title has not been announced.

## Reception

Publishers Weekly called the novel a "moral fable", praising Card and Kidd for their "passionate depiction of Lovelock's plight" and their "insightful portrayal of the various human characters", but emphasized that — aside from Lovelock's enhanced intelligence — the novel's science fictional elements are "drown(ed) out".
Kirkus Reviews described the novel as "(s)o-so at best", and "bloated and flabby", criticizing it for lacking "even a token ending".
# Artist (EP)

Artist is the third EP by the South Korean boy group Teen Top, released digitally on May 30, 2012 and physically on June 4, 2012 under the label of TOP Media. The lead single from the album is "To You".

## Production

The EP was once again produced by Brave Brothers who also produced the group's previous work, It's early in the year.

## Chart performance
### Charts
#### Album chart

| Chart | Peak position |
| Gaon Weekly album chart | 2 |
| Gaon Monthly album chart | 3 |
| Gaon Yearly album chart | 36 |

#### Single chart

| Song | Peak chart position | Peak chart position |
| Song | KOR | KOR |
| Song | Gaon Chart | K-Pop Billboard |
| "To You" | 13 | 9 |

### Sales and certifications

| Chart | Amount |
| Gaon physical sales | 45,979 (2012) 3,589 (2013) |
# 1 μm

1μm and 1 μm may refer to:
* 1 μm process, a die size first mainly produced in 1984
* 1 μm, an order of magnitude (length)
# James Stuckey

James Phillip Stuckey is a New York City real estate developer. He is responsible for the creation of many New York public and private large-scale projects, and was responsible for the Atlantic Yards project in Brooklyn, as President, Chief Executive Officer, and Founder of Forest City Ratner Companies' Atlantic Yards Development Group.
From September 2007 to October 2011, he was the Divisional Dean, Clinical Professor, and Klara and Larry Silverstein Chair of the NYU Schack Institute of Real Estate, where he oversaw creation of a their Master of Science program in Real Estate Development and their Center for the Sustainable Built Environment. He resigned in October 2011.
In public service, he is President of the New York City Public Design Commission, and past chair of the Center Against Domestic Violence.
# Era's Lucknow Medical College

Era's Lucknow Medical College is a private medical college in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, established in 1997. Till 2016, it was affiliated with Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University. Since 2016, the college has been affiliated to the Era University.
ELMC&H is a leading medical college for undergraduate as well as postgraduate medical education and advanced training of Doctors, nurses and allied health professionals. It has been recognized as one of the best in the country and is consistently ranked among the Top Medical Colleges of India by various leading survey agencies.
ELMC is amongst the top 4.3% medical colleges of India that are involved in advanced medical research. The Research cell, empowered by numerous national and international research collaborations promotes and coordinates various research activities and bi-annually publishes Era’s Journal of Medical Research (EJMR), a multidisciplinary journal. It has published more than 1622 research articles in national and international journals in the last nine years.
ERA is the country's first medical institute to establish a Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine. It received the prestigious SKOCH award (silver) 2019 for implementing and seamlessly executing the government of India's Ayushmann Bharat Scheme and also SKOCH award (gold) 2020 for Response to Covid.

## Notable faculty

* Rajendra Prasad, Dr. B. C. Roy Award laureate (2010)

## Notable alumni

* Sanghmitra Maurya, MP
# Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iași

Alexandru Ioan Cuza is a commune in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Kogălniceni, Șcheia and Volintirești.
The commune is named after 19th century Moldavian and Romanian statesman Alexandru Ioan Cuza.
# Altköy, Refahiye

Altköy, formerly known as Altkendi, is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 139 in 2022.
# Gano Coal Camp, Kentucky

Gano Coal Camp was an unincorporated community and coal town in Harlan County, Kentucky, United States.
# Gobargada

Gobargada is a village development committee in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1651 people living in 323 individual households.
# Lovelock (surname)

Lovelock is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adam Lovelock (born 1982), Australian boxer
* Bill Lovelock (1922–2003), English songwriter and television producer
* Christopher Lovelock (1940–2008), British academic
* David Lovelock (born 1938), British theoretical physicist and mathematician
* Damien Lovelock (1954–2019), Australian musician
* Douglas Lovelock (1923–2014), English civil servant
* Irene Lovelock (1896–1974), British activist
* Jack Lovelock (1910–1949), New Zealand athlete
* James Lovelock (1919–2022), British scientist, environmentalist and futurologist
* Millie Lovelock, New Zealand musician
* Mitchell Lovelock-Fay (born 1992), Australian cyclist
* Ossie Lovelock (1911–1981), Australian sportsman
* Ray Lovelock (actor) (1950–2017), Italian actor
* William Lovelock (1899–1986), British classical composer and pedagogue
* Yann Lovelock (born 1939), British writer
Fictional characters:
# Władysław Olearczyk

Władysław Olearczyk (8 June 1898 – 21 February 1970) was a Polish footballer who played as a defender. He played in four matches for the Poland national football team from 1923 to 1925.

## Honours

Pogoń Lwów
* Polish Football Championship: 1922, 1923, 1925, 1926
# John Dundas (Royal Navy officer)

Vice-Admiral John George Lawrence Dundas, CB, CBE (3 November 1893 – 26 March 1952) was a Royal Navy officer who served as the Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff from 1944 to 1945.

## Biography

Born on 3 November 1893, Dundas was the son of the Hon. Cospatrick Thomas Dundas, DL, JP (1862–1906) and his wife Maud FitzWilliam (1871–1949), a daughter of the Hon. George Wentworth-FitzWilliam and a granddaughter of the 5th Earl FitzWilliam. Dundas's father was a grandson of the 1st Earl of Zetland and, when his elder brother inherited the earldom in 1873, Cospatrick was afforded the style of a peer's younger son. After his death in 1906, Maud remarried (in 1912) to the army officer and colonial administrator Major Sir Harry Edward Spiller Cordeaux.
Dundas entered the Royal Navy in 1907 as a cadet. He was commissioned as a full Sub-Lieutenant in December 1914 and promoted to Lieutenant a year later. During the First World War, Dundas served in torpedo boats and in HMS Hercules. Promoted to Lieutenant-Commander in December 1923, He completed training at the Naval Staff College in 1924 and served as the gunnery officer for the 2nd Cruiser Squadron. In 1928, he was promoted to Commander. Between 1930 and 1932, he was gunnery officer to the Mediterranean Fleet; after serving on Valiant, he attended staff training at Camberley in 1935 and was promoted to captain. In 1936, he studied at the Imperial Defence College. He commanded the sloop Folkestone in 1936–1937 and in 1938 was appointed assistant director of Plans at the Admiralty. Several months into the Second World War, he was given command of the light cruiser Nigeria (1940–1942), and was involved in escorting the Russian convoys. He created a new manoeuvre called the "Dundas zig-zag".
Dundas was chief of staff to the Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet from 1942 to 1943, when was appointed chief of staff, Levant. Promoted to rear-admiral in 1944, he was assistant chief of the Naval Staff from 1944 to 1945. He retired in 1946 and afforded the rank of vice-admiral in 1948. He died on 26 March 1952.

## Citations

* ↑ Burke's Peerage (2003), vol. 1, p. 1081, and vol. 3, p. 4285.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Vice-Admiral J. G. L. Dundas", The Times (London), 29 March 1952, p. 9.
* ↑ The London Gazette, 11 December 1914 (issue 29003), p. 10582.
* ↑ The London Gazette, 17 December 1915 (issue 29405), p. 12562.
* ↑ The London Gazette, 18 December 1923 (issue 32889), p. 8820.
* 1 2 Halpern, p. 546
* ↑ "Dundas, Vice-Admiral John George Lawrence", Who Was Who (online ed., Oxford University Press, December 2019). Retrieved 23 January 2020.