OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cyclic reduction

Cyclic reduction is a numerical method for solving large linear systems by repeatedly splitting the problem. Each step eliminates even or odd rows and columns of a matrix and remains in a similar form. The elimination step is relatively expensive but splitting the problem allows parallel computation.

## Applicability

The method only applies to matrices that can be represented as a (block) Toeplitz matrix. Such problems often arise in implicit solutions for partial differential equations on a lattice. For example fast solvers for Poisson's equation express the problem as solving a tridiagonal matrix, discretising the solution on a regular grid.

## Accuracy

Systems which have good numerical stability initially tend to get better with each step. Moreover, to a point where a good approximate solution can be given, but because the special matrix form must be preserved pivoting cannot be performed to improve numerical accuracy.

## Comparison to multigrid

The method is not iterative, it seeks an exact solution to the linear problem consistent with the given boundary values, contrast that with the similar but computationally cheaper multigrid method which propagates error-correction estimates down and allows for different relaxation parameters at different scales, the iterative aspect allowing better incorporation of non-linear features.

## Combination with fast Fourier transform FFT

Transforming from the spatial domain and restating the PDE is called a spectral method, Fourier analysis and cyclic reduction are combined in the FACR algorithm which is explained in Numerical Recipes – see 19.4 Fourier and Cyclic Reduction Methods for Boundary Value Problems.
# Alf Klingenberg

Alfred Klingenberg (8 September 1867 - 20 April 1944), a Norwegian pianist and composer of great distinction, was the Eastman School of Music´s first director (1921–23). He was succeeded by composer Howard Hanson in 1924. Klingenberg started the DKG Institute of Musical Art in Rochester 1912. This school would later become the Eastman School of Music. George Eastman bought the school from Klingenberg in 1919. Klingenberg was a friend of Jean Sibelius, and secured the composer a position on the faculty during his directorship.
Alf Klingenberg was the first cousin once removed of Trondheim mayor Odd Sverressøn Klingenberg, and nephew of engineer Johannes Benedictus Klingenberg.
# Chloropaschia fabianalis

Chloropaschia fabianalis is a species of snout moth in the genus Chloropaschia. It is found in French Guiana.
# The Adonis Factor

The Adonis Factor is a 2010 documentary film produced and directed by American director Christopher Hines through his own production company Rogue Culture Inc. Filmed at various locations, it was shown at a number of gay and documentary festivals. The television premiere was April 2, 2011 on the gay channel Logo.
Christopher Hines' The Adonis Factor is a follow-up to another, The Butch Factor, that tackled gay culture and masculinity.

## Synopsis

Hines' film examines issues of body image in the gay community.

## Cast

(All appearing as themselves)
* Anthony O'Brien - Law enforcement officer
* Shane Stiel - Disc Jockey / Producer
* Graig Keyte - Interior Designer
* Mike Wood - Instinct Editor in chief
* Bruce Vilanch - Writer and actor
* Anderson Davis - Actor and model
* John Ganun - Photographer.
* Quentin Elias - Singer, model
* Dr Gregory Cason - Psychologist
* Dr Tim Jochen - Dermatologist
* Justin Gaines - Bartender and student
* Richard Klein - Go-Go dancer
* Derek Brocklehurst - interviewee
* Justin Donahue - interviewee
* Eric Pyne - Urban body fitness trainer
* Neil Samarripa - Urban body fitness trainer
* Juan Pablo Zuluaga - Former "Mr Hot Atlanta"
* Scott Cullens - Company director
* Jeffrey Sanker - Party promoter
* Melvin Myles - Party Participant
* Dr Scott Parry - Steroid abuse advisor
* Gabriel Perez
* Deandre Johnson
* Nic Delis
* Jallen Rix - Sexologist.
* Brian Mills - Titan Men director
* Christopher Saint - Titan model
* Dakota Rivers - Titan model
* Darren Main - Naked yoga instructor
* Steve Waye - Naked yoga student
* Fred Goldsmith - Community initiative
* Rick Esparza - Ice hockey player.
* Clint Catalyst - model
* Stacey Hummell - Make-up artist
* Ryan May
* Jonathan Miller
* Jeff Pray - Proud Bears
* Michael Sigmann - Men's Inner Journey
* John Moore and Ryan Cummings - Life Partners
* Dr Derek Jones - Dermatologist
* Dr Greg Mueller - Plastic Surgeon
* Albert Wyss - Former cover model

## Screenings

* Frameline Film Festival, San Francisco—World Premiere
* Queer Doc Festival, Sydney, Australia
* Oslo Gay & Lesbian Film Festival
* Out on Film, Atlanta, Georgia
* Tampa International Gay & Lesbian Film FestivaI
* ImageOut: Rochester LGBT Film and Video Festival
* Seattle LGBT Film Festival
* Southwest Gay and Lesbian Festival,
* Indianapolis Gay Film Festival
* Image+Nation, Montreal
* Festival Mix Brazil
* Brisbane, Australia Queer Film Festival
# Attainders of Earl of Westmorland and others Act 1571

Attainders of Earl of Westmorland and others Act 1571 was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of England (13 Eliz. 1. c. 16) which confirmed the attainder against Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland and 57 others for their part in the Rising of the North, a plot against Queen Elizabeth I.
It was repealed by section 1(1) of, and Part 4 of Schedule 1 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1977.
# Cantonal Party

The Cantonal Party (Spanish: Partido Cantonal, PCAN) is a Spanish cantonalist political party based in Cartagena, founded in 1976 among others, by Julio Frigard Romero and Carlos Romero Galiana, and currently a member of the political federation Citizen Movement of Cartagena.
# Agullo

Agullo is a surname. People with this surname include:
* Francisco Agullo (died 1648), a Spanish painter
* Thierry Agullo, one of the early participants on the Sociological art movement

## See also

* Guillem Agulló i Salvador, a Valencian member of the independentist political organization Maulets
* Horacio Agulla, an Argentine rugby union player.
# 1928 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship

The 1928 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 34th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.
Fedamore were the defending champions.
Young Irelands won the championship after a 5–07 to 2–01 defeat of Rathkeale in the final. It was their fifth championship title overall and their first title since 1922.
# Downing College Boat Club

Downing College Boat Club (or DCBC) is the rowing club for members of Downing College, Cambridge. Downing men have not been below the top 9 boats for over 3 decades, on occasion being the only boat club with a second boat in the first division, and regularly ahead of other college first boats. Downing women also consistently place highly, currently second on the river in the Lents and sixth in the Mays.

## History

Despite the college admitting undergraduates in 1821, Downing's boat club did not form until 1863, with their first race being in the spring of 1864. The men's 1st VIII did not feature regularly in the 1st division of the Lent and May Bumps until the 1960s. The club first became Head of the Mays in 1982, a position it lost in 1983 and regained in 1984. The head crew was coached by Downing alumnus Graeme Hall, who was the stroke of the Cambridge crew which won The Boat Race 1968 and The Boat Race 1969, and coached the British Men's VIII to win the silver medal in Rowing at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Downing women formed in 1981 and held their first headship of the Lent Bumps from 2004 to 2005, regaining it in 2011, and attained their first headship of the May Bumps in 2011. They retained both headships in 2012. In 2020 Downing women regained headship position after starting 4th on the river.
The club has now held 16 headships in total, including a double-headship in 1996.
In 2018, the first indoor rowing training tank in the East of England was built in the club's boathouse.

## Gallery

* Downing W1 exhibition row after rowing over as head of Mays, 2011
* Downing W1 exhibition row 2012
* Downing W1 at Lent Bumps 2011
# Down to Earth (Ramsey Lewis album)

Down to Earth (subtitled The Ramsey Lewis Trio Plays Music from the Soil) is the fourth album by American jazz pianist Ramsey Lewis, recorded in 1958 and released on the EmArcy label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
AllMusic stated: "The music (if not essential) is quite accessible while still being jazz oriented. Worth picking up".

## Track listing

* "Dark Eyes" (Traditional) - 2:28
* "Come Back to Sorrento" (Traditional) - 3:10
* "Soul Mist" (Ramsey Lewis) - 3:00
* "John Henry" (Traditional) - 2:26
* "Greensleeves" (Traditional) - 4:25
* "We Blue It" (Eldee Young, Ramsey Lewis, Red Holt) - 5:01
* "Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child" (Traditional) - 2:10
* "Suzanne" (Traditional) - 3:15
* "Billy Boy" (Traditional) - 2:37
* "Decisions" (Eldee Young) - 2:06

## Personnel

* Ramsey Lewis - piano
* El Dee Young - bass
* Issac "Red" Holt - drums
# Dr. Willis Meriwether House

The Dr. Willis Meriwether House, also known as the Clark-Malone House, is a historic vernacular Greek Revival style house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. The house is a two-story wood-framed building on a brick foundation, six square box columns span the front portico. It was built in 1856 by Dr. Willis Meriwether. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on April 2, 1982, due to its architectural significance.
# Amuropaludina chloantha

Amuropaludina chloantha is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Viviparidae.

## Distribution

This species is found in the Amur River basin, in Russia. The type locality is "various tributaries of the central part of the Amur River" ("divers affluents de l'Amour moyen").

## Description

The width of the shell is 16 mm. The height of the shell is 16 mm.
| Drawing of apical view. | Drawing of lateral view. |
# Dragomir Stanković

Dragomir Stanković (born February 16, 1972) is a Serbian football referee who officiates in the Serbian Superliga and is on the FIFA list. He has also refereed in the UEFA Cup.
Stankovic served as a referee during 2010 World Cup qualifying, supervising the match between San Marino and Northern Ireland.
# Anajatuba

Anajatuba is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.
The municipality contains a small part of the Baixada Maranhense Environmental Protection Area, a 1,775,035.6 hectares (4,386,208 acres) sustainable use conservation unit created in 1991 that has been a Ramsar Site since 2000.
# Anajapyx vesiculosus

Anajapyx vesiculosus is a species of two-pronged bristletail in the family Anajapygidae.
# Douglas Smith (Guyanese cricketer)

Douglas Smith (born 1884, date of death unknown) was a Guyanese cricketer. He played in two first-class matches for British Guiana in 1912/13.
# Douthwaite

Douthwaite is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Henry Douthwaite (1896–1974), British physician and writer
* Christopher Thomas Douthwaite (1875–1949), British politician
* Harold Douthwaite (1900–1972), English cricketer
* Pat Douthwaite (1934–2002), Scottish artist
* Richard Douthwaite (1942–2011), British economist, ecologist, campaigner and writer
# Ana Romero Masiá

Ana Romero Masiá (Santiago de Compostela, 4 January 1952) is a Galician historian, archaeologist, and academic.

## Biography

Ana Romero Masiá graduated from the University of Santiago de Compostela, she holds a BA in Ancient History and Art History. Later she earned her doctorate in history at the University of A Coruña.
During 1980s she was archaeologist of the excavations of the Castro de Borneiro.
She currently directs the Institute of Monte B. Moas (secondary schools) in A Coruña, where she also teaches Geography and History.

## Works

* 1987: Castro de Borneiro.
* 1991: Fontes para o estudio da Torre de Hércules.
* 1992: Obxectos metálicos no castro de Borneiro.
* 1996: Antecedentes históricos no tráfico marítimo dos portos galegos con Europa.
* 1997: Apoio de Ferrol á Coruña no 1889.
* 1997: A fábrica de tobaccos da Palloza. Producción e vida laboral na decana das fábricas coruñesas.
* 1980: Cultura de los castros.
* 1985: Os castros: recoñecemento e catalogación.
* 1997: O hábitat castrexo na ría de Ferrol.
* A Coruña dos Austrias
* A Coruña medieval
* Historia contemporánea e cine. Modelos de aproveitamento didáctico
* Historia de España. Selección documental
* Libro de Sociais de 1.º, 2.º, 3.º e 4.º da ESO [Escuela Secundaria Obligatoria]

## Awards

* 2011: Ana Romero Masiá received Luis Tilve Research Disclosure Historical award for her book Xaime Quintanilla Martínez. Vida e obra dun socialista e galeguista ao servizo da República, with Carlos Pereira.

## Personal life

Ana Romero Masiá is married to José Manuel Pose Mesura (1950-2012), profesor de historia y subdelegado del Gobierno. Her daughter Ana Pose Romero is amusic teacher at CRA Os Remuíños, A Laracha.
# Watermark (Art Garfunkel album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Rolling Stone | (Positive) |
Watermark is the third solo studio album by Art Garfunkel, released in October 1977 on Columbia Records. The first single, "Crying in My Sleep", failed to chart, but the follow-up, a version of "(What a) Wonderful World" (featuring harmony vocals from Garfunkel's old partner Paul Simon and mutual friend James Taylor) reached #17 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and #1 on the Adult Contemporary chart. The songs "Watermark" and "Paper Chase" had previously been performed by Richard Harris on his albums A Tramp Shining and The Yard Went On Forever. Watermark is also noted as being the final recording sessions of legendary saxophonist Paul Desmond who died of lung cancer shortly thereafter. Actress Laurie Bird, Garfunkel's girlfriend, made the album cover's photograph. Some promotional copies of the single "Crying in My Sleep", released in advance of the album, referred to the album as Art Garfunkel, suggesting Garfunkel initially planned for the album to be self-titled.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Jimmy Webb; except where indicated

### Side one

* "Crying in My Sleep" – 4:06
* "Marionette" – 2:36
* "Shine It on Me" – 3:26
* "Watermark" – 2:59
* "Saturday Suit" – 3:16
* "All My Love's Laughter" – 3:56

### Side two

* "(What a) Wonderful World" (Herb Alpert, Sam Cooke, Lou Adler) – 3:32 (added to the January 1978 reissue, replacing the song "Fingerpaint")
* "Mr. Shuck'n Jive" – 4:48
* "Paper Chase" – 2:37
* "She Moved Through the Fair" (Traditional) – 2:45
* "Someone Else (1958)" – 2:19
* "Fingerpaint" - 3:55 (removed from the January 1978 reissue, replaced with ("What a) Wonderful World")
* "Wooden Planes" – 3:13

## Personnel

* Art Garfunkel – vocals
* Paul Simon – acoustic guitar, Lead & background vocals on "(What a) Wonderful World"
* James Taylor - acoustic guitar, Lead & background vocals on "(What a) Wonderful World"
* Stephen Bishop – guitar, background vocals
* Derek Bell – harmonica
* Carol Flamm, Alexandra Stavrou, Ed Hasselbrink, Shelley Hirsch, Fred Farell, David Crosby, Bob Dorough, Leah Kunkel – background vocals
* Jay Clayton Voice Group - background vocals
* Paul Desmond – alto saxophone
* Pete Carr, Jimmy Johnson, Hugh McCracken – guitar
* Tommy Vig – vibraphone, background vocals
* Ralph MacDonald, Tom Roady, Craig Krampf – percussion
* Jimmy Webb – keyboards
* Barry Beckett – piano
* David Campbell – arranger
* Christopher Dedrick – arranger
* Joe Farrell – flute, English horn, oboe
* Martin Fay, Seán Keane – fiddle
* Jimmie Haskell – arranger
* Roger Hawkins, Steve Gadd, Rick Shlosser – drums
* David Hood, Joe Osborn, Tony Levin – bass guitar
* Thomas Latondre – percussion, handclaps
* Paddy Moloney – uilleann pipes, tin whistle
* Oklahoma Uni Chorale – background vocals
* Bill Payne – synthesizer
* Jack Schroer – saxophone
* Richard Tee – piano, Fender Rhodes
* Michael Tubridy – flute
# Watermark (data file)

A watermark stored in a data file refers to a method for ensuring data integrity which combines aspects of data hashing and digital watermarking. Both are useful for tamper detection, though each has its own advantages and disadvantages.

## Data hashing

A typical data hash will process an input file to produce an alphanumeric string unique to the data file. Should the file be modified, such as if one or more bit changes occur within this original file, the same hash process on the modified file will produce a different alphanumeric. Through this method, a trusted source can calculate the hash of an original data file and subscribers can verify the integrity of the data. The subscriber simply compares a hash of the received data file with the known hash from the trusted source. This can lead to two situations: the hash being the same or the hash being different.
If the hash results are the same, the systems involved can have an appropriate degree of confidence to the integrity of the received data. On the other hand, if the hash results are different, they can conclude that the received data file has been altered.
This process is common in P2P networks, for example the BitTorrent protocol. Once a part of the file is downloaded, the data is then checked against the hash key (known as a hash check). Upon this result, the data is kept or discarded.

## Digital watermarking

Digital watermarking is distinctly different from data hashing. It is the process of altering the original data file, allowing for the subsequent recovery of embedded auxiliary data referred to as a watermark.
A subscriber, with knowledge of the watermark and how it is recovered, can determine (to a certain extent) whether significant changes have occurred within the data file. Depending on the specific method used, recovery of the embedded auxiliary data can be robust to post-processing (such as lossy compression).
If the data file to be retrieved is an image, the provider can embed a watermark for protection purposes. The process allows tolerance to some change, while still maintaining an association with the original image file. Researchers have also developed techniques that embed components of the image within the image. This can help identify portions of the image that may contain unauthorized changes and even help in recovering some of the lost data.
A disadvantage of digital watermarking is that a subscriber cannot significantly alter some files without sacrificing the quality or utility of the data. This can be true of various files including image data, audio data, and computer code.
# Warfare (horse)

Warfare (1957–1971) was an American National Champion Thoroughbred racehorse that broke the track record at New York's Aqueduct Racetrack three times, each at a different distance.
Warfare was bred in California by Clifton H. Jones & Sons. Race conditioned by trainer Haskell "Hack" Ross, in early 1959 Clifton Jones Jr. bought out his family members for $12,000 to become Warfare's sole owner. He raced the son of 1954 Kentucky Derby winner Determine under the nom de course Bellehurst Stable.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Horse, chestnut colt, March 28, 2015 :
| Sire Determine | Alibhai | Hyperion | Gainsborough |
| Sire Determine | Alibhai | Hyperion | Selene |
| Sire Determine | Alibhai | Teresina | Tracery |
| Sire Determine | Alibhai | Teresina | Blue Tit |
| Sire Determine | Koubis | Mahmoud | Blenheim |
| Sire Determine | Koubis | Mahmoud | Mah Mahal |
| Sire Determine | Koubis | Brown Biscuit | Sir Andrew |
| Sire Determine | Koubis | Brown Biscuit | Swing On |
| Dam War Whisk | War Glory | Man o' War | Fair Play |
| Dam War Whisk | War Glory | Man o' War | Mahubah |
| Dam War Whisk | War Glory | Annette K. | Harry of Hereford |
| Dam War Whisk | War Glory | Annette K. | Bathing Girl |
| Dam War Whisk | Tidy Whisk | Whiskalong | Whisk Broom II |
| Dam War Whisk | Tidy Whisk | Whiskalong | Lady Hamburg |
| Dam War Whisk | Tidy Whisk | Tidy Maid | Pennant |
| Dam War Whisk | Tidy Whisk | Tidy Maid | Bonnie Broom (family: 4-m) |
# Downshire Cliffs

The Downshire Cliffs are a line of precipitous basalt cliffs rising to 2,000 m above the Ross Sea and forming much of the eastern side of the Adare Peninsula, along the Borchgrevink Coast of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The nearest permanent research stations are the Italian Mario Zucchelli and South Korean Jang Bogo Stations some 400 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.

## Discovery and naming

In 1841 Captain James Clark Ross applied the name "Cape Downshire" to a part of these cliffs. He did so at the request of Commander Francis Crozier of HMS Downshire, which itself was named after County Down. No prominent cape exists here and, for the sake of historical continuity, the name was reapplied to the cliffs.

## Important Bird Area

A 243 ha site comprising the ice-free slopes beneath the cliffs has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports about 20,000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins, the number based on counts carried out over five seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012.