OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Hofmann

Paul Hofmann (20 November 1912 in Vienna – 30 December 2008) was an Austrian, later American, author, journalist, linguist, and political activist. The New York Times, for whom he was a foreign correspondent, described him as fluent in German, Italian, French, and English, and having a command of several other languages that was more than passable, as well as "a broad grasp of history and diplomatic affairs and an often playful curiosity".

## Biography

Hofmann was born in Vienna, Austria on 20 November 1912. He was raised for the most part by his uncle, who was an influential Socialist. He studied law at the University of Vienna after which he became a member of the Christian Socialist Party.
In 1934 he became a travelling speaker for the Catholic Popular Federation, and after two years with the Federation, he became the chief editorial writer of one of their publications, Die Sonntagsglocke. In the late 1930s, as Austria came under increasing pressure to submit to a union with Germany, Hofmann wrote editorials urging his country to resist the Nazi initiative. In March 1938 as German troops occupied Vienna he fled to Rome, Italy, only hours before his apartment was raided by the Gestapo.
In Rome during German occupation, he was drafted into the German Army where he worked as the interpreter for the Nazi commanders, General Rainer Stahel and General Kurt Mälzer. After contacting members of the anti-Fascist Resistance in Rome he passed them information gleaned from his work, including information about the deportation of Jews and the Ardeatine massacre. Eventually deserting, Hoffman hid with his family in a convent, and later a safe apartment. In November 1944 he was convicted in absentia and sentenced to death for treason by a German military court in occupied northern Italy.
After Rome was captured by the Allies Hofmann briefly worked for the Allied Psychological Warfare Bureau as a broadcaster. After the war he served as a witness in the prosecution of General Mälzer for war crimes. Linking up with allied journalists in Rome soon after liberation Hofmann became a news assistant at The New York Times' bureau in Rome. He would continue to report for the Times until his retirement in 1990.
In Rome, he married Maria Anna Tratter and in 1940 they had a son, Ernesto. He also had a son with Christine Lord, Alexander Hofmann-Lord.
After his retirement from the Times, in 1990, he wrote more than a dozen books, including, The Seasons of Rome: A Journal, That Fine Italian Hand, Umbria: Italy's Timeless Heart (1999), The Viennese and O Vatican! A Slightly Wicked View of the Holy See.
He died in Rome on 30 December 2008.
# Eddie Doyle (American football)

Edward James Doyle (August 17, 1898 – October 8, 1942) was a professional football player who played in the National Football League (NFL) from 1924 to 1925 with the Frankford Yellow Jackets and the Pottsville Maroons. During his two-year NFL career, Doyle scored three touchdowns. He also helped Pottsville win the 1925 NFL Championship, before it was stripped from the team due to a disputed rules violation.
A graduate of the United States Military Academy, Doyle later fought in World War II, after the United States entry into the war, in 1942. He received the rank of captain and was sent to fight in North Africa. Captain Doyle was fatally shot by a sniper in the Allied troop landings of the North African Campaign. He is believed to have been the first American killed in North Africa during the war. Doyle's name is included in a football's wartime heroes display at the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio.
Doyle wore the jersey numbers 15, during his time with the Frankford Yellow Jackets and number 1 with the Pottsville Maroons.
# Fede Finn & Funny Boyz

Fede Finn and Funny Boyz (or in Danish language Fede Finn og Funny Boyz) is a Danish country music-inspired pop band and dansband signed to Beach Record label. The band was founded by Lennart Johannesen and has been active in dance halls and night venues for four decades and has had a number of cult songs made famous by the band as well as covers of well known country and non-country hits. The band has taken part in a number of festivals. It has also released a number of charting albums.
Maud Kofod has joined the band as a lead singer.
The band was featured in the thriller film Fri os fra det onde directed by Ole Bornedal.

## Discography

| Year | Album | Peak positions | Certification |
| Year | Album | DEN | Certification |
| 2007 | De fedeste | 1 | |
| 2008 | Første gang til gode | 5 | |
| 2009 | Klassikere på den fede måde | 10 | |
| 2010 | Nu med kavalergang (Compilation album) | 6 | |
| 2013 | Fed fornemmelse | 26 | |
| 2013 | Beautybox (Compilation album) | 17 | |
# Erpe (disambiguation)

Erpe may refer to:
* Erpe, a village in East Flanders, Belgium
* Erpe (Spree), a river in Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany
* Erpe (Twiste), a river in Hesse, Germany
# Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans

Desulfitobacterium dehalogenans is a species of bacteria. They are facultative organohalide respiring bacteria capable of reductively dechlorinating chlorophenolic compounds and tetrachloroethene. They are anaerobic, motile, Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacteria capable of utilizing a wide range of electron donors and acceptors. The type strain JW/IU-DC$^T$, DSM 9161, NCBi taxonomy ID 756499.
There are two described isolates from this species strains JW/IU-DC$^T$ and PCE1. The genomes of both strains have been sequenced, none of the strains encodes any plasmids, in addition to six reductive dehalogenases, the genomes encodes a large number of genes for utilization of a range of electron donors and acceptors.
| Strain | Source | Genome size, Mbp | Number of reductive dehalogenases | DSM |
| JW/IU-DC$^T$ | Freshwater pond | 4,3 | 6 | 9161 |
| PCE1 | Polluted soul | 4,2 | 6 | 10344 |
# Cirat

Cirat is a municipality of Valencia in the province of Castellón, Spain. It has a population of approximately 240 and is the capital of Alto Mijares.

## Sources

* Official website
40°03′N 0°27′W﻿ / ﻿40.050°N 0.450°W﻿ / 40.050; -0.450
* ↑ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
# Clara Power Edgerly

Clara Power Edgerly (1864 – December 25, 1896) was a prominent American elocutionist and principal of the Boston College of Oratory and Delsarte Ideal Training School, informally known as the Boston College of Oratory.

## Career

Edgerly, a former teacher of pantomime at the rival Boston School of Oratory, founded the Boston College of Oratory and Delsarte Ideal Training School in 1892. Boston was a center of elocutionary training at the time, and Edgerly was the only woman to head any of the city's oratory schools. Its facilities were on Boylston Street.
Edgerly was especially interested in the Delsarte method of dramatic expression and in "statue posing" for tableaux vivants, and the school's curriculum included training in these as well as physical and vocal training. Her advanced students formed the Edgerly Tableaux Troupe and gave public exhibitions. Courses of study were two to three years in length. The Boston College of Oratory was incorporated into the rival School of Expression in 1895.
Edgerly was also interested in dress reform.
Edgerly died at her home in Manchester, New Hampshire, on December 25, 1896, attributed to blood poisoning. She was survived by her husband, Julien Campbell Edgerly.
# Party (2018 film)

Party is a 2018 Indian Marathi-language comedy drama film directed by Sachin Darekar. The film stars Suvrat Joshi, Vedant Patil, Akshay Tanksale, Prajakta Mali, Stavan Shinde, Rohit Haldikar, and Manjiri Pupala. It was released on 7 September 2018.

## Cast

* Suvrat Joshi as Omkar
* Akshay Tanksale as Chakarya
* Prajakta Mali as Arpita
* Stavan Shinde as Sumeet
* Rohit Haldikar as Manya
* Sandesh Upashyam as Shashi
* Manjiri Pupala as Deepali
* Rajendra Shisatkar as Bhau Bhoir
* Falguni Rajani as Varsha Bhabhi
* Rajesh Deshpande
* Milind Phatak
* Suruchi Singh
* Bharat Sawle
* Pratap Kalke
* Umesh Damle
* Abha Velankar
* Madhavi Juvekar
* Ravi Mulve
* Varsha Dandale
* Ramesh Wani
* Mrunali Tambadkar
* Smita Apte
# White Oak Run

White Oak Run may refer to:
* A former name for Archbald, Pennsylvania
* White Oak Run (Lackawanna River)
* White Oak Run (Roaring Brook)
* White Oak Run (Loyalhanna Creek tributary), a stream in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania
# Whitley Township, Moultrie County, Illinois

Whitley Township is located in Moultrie County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 660 and it contained 278 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 36.72 square miles (95.1 km$^2$), all land.
# Clark Quarry

Clark Quarry is a paleontological dig site in southern Georgia. The site first discovered fossils by the building of the Brunswick Canal in 1838-1839.

## Geology

Clark Quarry is a cut and fill fluvial deposit overlying a marine sand, near Brunswick, Georgia, United States in Glynn County. The marine unit is characterized by a well-sorted, subrounded, low sphericity, fine- grained quartz arenite representing sediments of the Princess Anne Terrace. This site is in the pleistocene era on the geologic timescale.

## Fossils

* Woodchuck–Marmota monax
* Bog lemming–Synaptomys cooperi
* Capybara–Hydrochoeris holmesi
* Florida or round-tailed muskrat–Neofiber alleni
* Rice rat–Oryzomys palustris
* Cotton rat–Sigmodon hispidus
* Harvest mouse–Reithrodontomys
* Columbian Mammoth-Mammuthus columbi
* Pleistocene Bison-Bison latifrons
* American Alligator-Alligator mississippiensis
* Nerodia sp
* Garter Snake-Thamnophis sp
* Giant Ground Sloth-Megatherium
* Mastodon-Mastodon giganteum
* Horse-Equus ferus
* White-tail deer-Odocoileus virginianus
# Whitewhale Bastion

Whitewhale Bastion (65°37′S 62°30′W﻿ / ﻿65.617°S 62.500°W﻿ / -65.617; -62.500) is a prominent L-shaped mass that rises to nearly 1,200 m in central Aristotle Mountains and dominates Starbuck Glacier, 10 nautical miles (18 km) from its terminus on the east side of Graham Land. Its east face consists of walls of white granite, hence the name, one of several in the vicinity applied by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in association with Herman Melville's whaling novel, Moby Dick, the 14th battalion, Fahrenheit 451.
# Ciyao–Laiwu railway

The Ciyao–Laiwu railway or Cilai railway (simplified Chinese: 磁莱铁路; traditional Chinese: 磁萊鐵路; pinyin: cílái tiělù), is a railroad in northern China between Ciyao and Laiwu central Shandong Province. The line, 119 km (74 mi) in length, was built in two sections from 1940 to 1943 and 1959 to 1966, and is primarily used to transport coal and minerals mined near Laiwu.

## History

In 1916, a railway line near Ciyao was planned by the Huafeng Coal Company, but was not built. During World War II when Shandong was occupied by Japan, a Japanese company built a 25 km (16 mi) railroad between Dongtaiping (now named Ciyao) and Chichai (now Yucun) from 1940 to 1941. This line was extended 42 km (26 mi) to the Xinwen coal mines in Nanxintai (now Dongdu) in 1943, and the combined line, 69.6 km (43 mi) in length, became known as the Ciyao–Dongdu railway. The Dongdu to Laiwu section, 52 km (32 mi) in length, was built from 1959 to 1966, forming a tilted L-shaped railway.

## Rail connections

* Ciyao: Beijing–Shanghai railway
* Dongdu: Dongdu–Pingyi railway
* Laiwu: Xindian–Taian railway
# Parwar

Parwar may refer to:
* Parwar, Pakistan, a town and union council in Balochistan province
* Paravar, caste of southern India
* Parwar (Jain community), a Jain community in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, India
# Clear Creek Township, Kansas

Clear Creek Township, Kansas may refer to one of the following places:
* Clear Creek Township, Ellsworth County, Kansas
* Clear Creek Township, Marion County, Kansas
* Clear Creek Township, Nemaha County, Kansas
* Clear Creek Township, Pottawatomie County, Kansas
* Clear Creek Township, Stafford County, Kansas
# Clear Creek Township, Johnson County, Iowa

Clear Creek Township is a township in Johnson County, Iowa, United States.

## History

Clear Creek Township was organized in 1846.
# Pasir Ris Town Park

Pasir Ris Town Park is a 14-hectare park located in the residential area of Pasir Ris, Singapore. It features wide open spaces and a large marine pond for fishing. It is the location of Pasir Ris Central Hawker Centre, the second hawker centre in Singapore to be located within a park.

## Attractions

A recreational fishing and prawning center provides fishing and prawning with food and beverages sales.
A hawker centre is located within the park and was opened on 25 January 2018. It is the second hawker centre in Singapore to be located within a park after East Coast Lagoon Food Centre. It is managed by NTUC Foodfare and features 42 hawker stalls and 770 seats. The hawker centre is styled as a place that mixes traditional hawker fare with hipster subculture.
# Claude Wendell Horton Jr.

Professor Wendell Horton (born February 1942) is a professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin and a student of plasma physics. Horton's core area of research is plasma transport and its application to the development of nuclear fusion power. Horton is a fellow of the American Physical Society.

## Biography

Claude Wendell Horton Jr. was born in Houston, Texas, the son of Claude Wendell Horton Sr. who was one of the principal contributors to the development of the Department of Physics at the University of Texas, Austin. Horton attended Austin High School (Austin, Texas) where he met Elisabeth Alice Becker in a physics class. Elisabeth is the daughter of Ernst D. Becker, a cotton trader, who had immigrated to Texas from Germany in 1927. Elisabeth and Wendell were married shortly after graduation from the University of Texas, Austin. Elisabeth and Wendell have two children Mike A. Horton and John W. Horton.

## Scientific research

Horton's interest in nuclear fusion grew during his graduate studies at the University of California at San Diego. Horton was inspired by the enormous potential of controlled fusion reactions to generate cheap, clean, and sustainable Energy on an unprecedented and inexhaustible scale i.e., human generated ‘Star Power’. Horton earned his PhD at UCSD under Marshall Rosenbluth, a scientist who had worked on the Manhattan Project and a close protégé of Edward Teller. Horton has published or edited thirteen books on the theoretical basis for plasma containment and transport, and co-authored over 200 papers. A frequently cited book is “Chaos and Structures in Nonlinear Plasmas” ISBN 81-7764-234-0.
Beginning in 1987, due to significant declines in US government funding of fusion research as a potential alternative energy source, Horton began to pursue research in space weather and the prediction of solar storms using chaos and plasma theory to model the magnetosphere. The magnetosphere is characterized by an extremely collisionless plasma making available new plasma transport regimes well beyond those existing in laboratory plasmas. Solar storm prediction has application for improving the reliability of communication and GPS satellite systems.
However, the quest for fusion containment in a laboratory has been the biggest source of contribution and inspiration during his 40-year career in theoretical physics. Recently Horton has focused on research in support of international fusion experiments including the ITER and Gamma10 fusion machines.
# Claude Warner

Claude Warner (31 March 1882 – 29 December 1965) was a Welsh cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-pace seam bowler.
Warner played his club cricket for Carmarthenshire, his most notable in 1920 against future team Glamorgan, for whom he was only called up in just a single first-class match, during the 1923 County Championship season. However, Glamorgan lost by an innings margin, and Warner, aged 41 by this time, was never called up again to the Glamorgan side.
By trade, Warner was a stockbroker, and took up cricket in his spare time, playing at club level either side of the First World War.
# Passover (Samaritan holiday)

Passover, or Pesach in Hebrew, is a significant religious holiday in Samaritanism, commemorating the Israelites' exodus from Egypt and their liberation from slavery.
The Samaritan Passover is celebrated every spring with a pilgrimage to and sheep sacrifice atop Mount Gerizim, the holiest site in the Samaritan religion. This ritual is a direct observance of the commandments found in Exodus 12, and it involves the slaughtering of sheep, dabbing the animals' blood on the participants' foreheads, and roasting the meat for the Passover meal.

## Observances

Samaritans observe Passover with a pilgrimage to Mount Gerizim, their holiest site, where a central sacrificial ceremony takes place. This practice directly follows the instructions outlined in Exodus 12, involving the slaughtering of sheep, marking participants' foreheads with the animal's blood, and roasting the meat for a communal feast. The sacrifice and blood-smearing symbolize the Israelites' marking of their doorposts in Exodus to protect against the Angel of Death.
Following the sacrifice, the roasted sheep meat is consumed with unleavened bread (matzah) and bitter herbs, mirroring the instructions in the Torah. Samaritans prepare and consume homemade matzah, a thin, pancake-like bread, differing from the flat matzah crackers commonly used by Jews. This celebratory meal takes place at midnight, accompanied by prayers and chants.
The animal sacrifice during Passover is a unique practice among contemporary Western religions, with the Samaritans being one of the few remaining groups to observe it. This practice distinguishes Samaritan Passover from its Jewish counterpart, where animal sacrifices are no longer performed.

## Calendar

Samaritan Passovers are each one day long, followed by the six-day Festival of Unleavened Bread – for a total of seven days.
Due to variations in their respective calendars, Samaritan Passover often falls approximately a month later than the Jewish Passover.
# Clear Lake Township, Steuben County, Indiana

Clear Lake Township is one of twelve townships in Steuben County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 818, up from 799 at 2010, and it contained 912 housing units. It is the north easternmost township in the state.

## History

William L. Lords House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 11.1 square miles (29 km$^2$), of which 9.56 square miles (24.8 km$^2$) (or 86.13%) is land and 1.54 square miles (4.0 km$^2$) (or 13.87%) is water. Lakes in this township include Clear Lake, Handy Lake, Lake Anne, Long Lake, Mirror Lake, Mud Lake, and Round Lake.

### Cities and towns

* Clear Lake

### Cemeteries

The township contains three cemeteries: Teeters, Clear Lake Baptist, and Clear Lake Lutheran.

### Major highways

* Indiana State Road 120

## Education

Clear Lake Township residents may obtain a free library card from the Fremont Public Library.
# Whistle (Hiroko Moriguchi song)

"Whistle" (ホイッスル, Hoissuru) is the 13th single by Japanese singer Hiroko Moriguchi. Written by Moriguchi, Yui Nishiwaki and Kaori Okui, the single was released on June 9, 1993 under King Records.

## Background and release

"Whistle" was Moriguchi's second collaboration with Princess Princess lead vocalist/songwriter Kaori Okui. In addition, it was the first single that Moriguchi co-wrote. The song was selected as the theme song of the 1993 edition of the Fuji TV variety show Yume ga Mori Mori. Moriguchi performed the song on the 44th Kōhaku Uta Gassen that year.
The single peaked at No. 10 on Oricon's singles chart, becoming Moriguchi's second top-10 single. She did not return to the top-10 until 2022, when "Ubugoe" also peaked at No. 10.

## Track listing

All music is composed and arranged by Kaori Okui.

## Chart position

| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Japan Oricon Singles Chart | 10 |
# Clare Best

Clare Best is a British poet, author and university lecturer who was both shortlisted for the 2012 Seamus Heaney Centre Prize for "Excisions" and a finalist for the 2014 Mslexia Memoir Competition for "The Missing List".
# Cleopatra africana

Cleopatra africana is a species of freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the family Paludomidae.
This species is found in Kenya and Tanzania. Its natural habitats are rivers and swamps.
# Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai

The Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai (English: Lessinia and Lagorai Shepherd) is an old Italian dog breed from the northeastern region called Triveneto. It is not recognized by any major kennel organisation.

## Origin

In 2018, a genetic study found that just prior to 1859 a broadly distributed European herding dog had given rise to the German Shepherd Dog, the French Berger Picard, and the five Italian herding breeds: the Bergamasco Shepherd, Cane Paratore, Lupino del Gigante, Pastore d'Oropa, and the Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai.
The Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai has been traditionally used in pastoral activities, such as managing herd and driving cattle across plains of Triveneto. Still used for the same purpose, natural selection has made it a rustic and healthy working dog. There is a project going on to protect the breed from extinction and to gain an official breed status, led by Società Italiana Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai.

## Appearance

The Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai is a medium-sized, agile sheepdog of the "lupine" type. The ears are large and triangular, being either erect, semi-erect (folded) or drooping. The coat is semi-long and the undercoat is thick. Typical colours include fawn, merle (blue or red), brown, and black.

## Temperament

The breed is lively, active, docile, and curious, requiring plenty of exercise. It is also a tireless worker, driving both sheep, cattle, and horse.
# Clariallabes mutsindoziensis

Clariallabes mutsindoziensis is a species of airbreathing catfish endemic to Burundi where it is found in the Malagarasi River. Its natural habitats are rivers and inland deltas. It is threatened by habitat loss. This species grows to a length of 11.8 cm (4.6 inches) SL.
# Whoever Comes Knocking

Whoever Comes Knocking is the third studio album by Ghanaian-Canadian singer-songwriter Kae Sun. It was released on March 2, 2018, by Moonshine. He revealed the album's track listing in December 2017.

## Track listing

* "Kwaku's Dilemma" (Intro) – 3:05
* "Treehouse" – 3:42
* "Stalk" – 3:18
* "Canary" – 4:29
* "Longwalk" – 4:53
* "Fix Up" (featuring Ariane Moffatt) – 3:37
* "Flip the Rules" – 3:46
* "Breaking" – 3:41
* "Broken by Design" – 3:55
* "The Moment" – 2:32