OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Afton Township, Cherokee County, Iowa

Afton Township is one of the sixteen townships located in Cherokee County, Iowa, United States. At the 2000 census, its population was 287.

## Geography

Afton Township covers an area of 36.08 square miles (93.4 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Afton and Immanuel Lutheran.

## Notable people

Pierre Watkin, later a veteran character actor in Hollywood, was born here in 1887.
# George W. Woodruff

George Waldo Woodruff (August 27, 1895 – February 4, 1987 in Atlanta, Georgia) was an American engineer, businessman, and philanthropist in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1917 and gave generously to both his alma mater and Emory University, including (in coordination with his brother Robert W. Woodruff) what was at the time the single largest donation ever to a school, $105 million to Emory University in 1979.

## Early life

Woodruff went to high school at Tech High School (now Midtown High School) and attended Georgia Tech's School of Mechanical Engineering and later the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but left school in 1917 due to World War I. At Georgia Tech, he was a brother of the Kappa Alpha Order.

## Career

From 1936 to 1985 (49 years), Woodruff was the director of the Coca-Cola Company, although he was never an officer of the company. He also headed the Continental Gin Company from 1930 to 1985, which was a cotton-processing business. George was the last living child of Ernest Woodruff, the magnate that led the Trust Company (now known as SunTrust) and who orchestrated the takeover of the Coca-Cola Company. In 1984, Forbes magazine estimated that Woodruff was worth $200 million (equivalent to $586,547,085 as of 2023).

## Legacy

Woodruff is the namesake of several notable educational programs in Georgia. The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech is the university's oldest and second-largest school; it was named for Woodruff in 1985 on the school's centennial. Also at Georgia Tech, the Woodruff Residence Hall is a dorm on west campus. Woodruff left the Georgia Tech Foundation $37.5 million in his will, one of the largest private gifts the school has received.
Woodruff's will provided that his daughter, Frances Woodruff received no money, although it provides for the establishment of a $200,000 trust to be used on her behalf should she become destitute.
Under the terms of his will, according to a lawsuit, his two other daughters, Jane and Irene, were each to receive about $30 million.
Woodruff is remembered at Mercer University as well. He bequeathed the university's law school a $15 million endowment; the Woodruff Curriculum at Mercer's Walter F. George School of Law is named in his honor. At Emory, the George W. Woodruff Physical Education Center and the George and Irene Woodruff Residential Center bear his name. Finally, there are numerous scholarships at Georgia Tech, Mercer, Emory and the University of Georgia named in his memory.
# Boada

Boada may refer to:

## People

* Joan Boada, Cuban ballet dancer
* Lucas Boada, Cuban baseball player

## Places

* Boada de Campos, a municipality in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain
* Boada de Villadiego [es], a village in Burgos province, Spain
* Boada, Salamanca, a municipality in Salamanca province, Spain
# Brenton G. Yorgason

Brenton G. "Brent" Yorgason (May 25, 1945 in Mount Pleasant, Utah – October 28, 2016) was an American novelist and writer who used themes about members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the United States.
Many of his works were written in cooperation with his brother, Blaine M. Yorgason.
# Ear and nose taxes

The ear tax and the nose tax were introduced temporarily in the 1920s to support military needs in the state of Tibet under the rule of the 13th Dalai Lama. Tibet faced financial challenges due to several factors, including geopolitical tensions and the need to modernize the military. In response to these problems, the Tibetan government imposed unique taxes on certain body parts, particularly ears and noses. These taxes were imposed on males, and payment was typically made in silver coins.
The ear and nose taxes were primarily symbolic, intended to demonstrate the Tibetan people's loyalty and support for the government's military efforts. While the exact details may differ in different accounts, these taxes were meant to illustrate that everyone, even those who couldn't contribute significantly, had a role in maintaining Tibet's defense and security.

## Versions

Although the existence of these taxes is repeatedly mentioned by Chinese, Tibetan and Western authors, the information provided is somewhat contradictory. For example, Chinese researchers claim that households paid one liang of silver for each ear of a person or animal. Contemporary American researchers reported that no tax was levied on severed ears, which may have resulted from cosmetic surgery or punishment. A later British publication, citing Chinese correspondent Chin Fu-Jen, described how individuals who didn't pay the ear tax were punished by having their ears removed.
The Western press also noted that the following year (1927), the Dalai Lama Thupten Gyatso introduced a per capita tax based on nose size, with individuals with long noses paying two to three times more than those with snub noses.
Anna Louise Strong also mentioned taxes on women with braided hair consisting of two plaits.
# Jesse Feliciano

Jesse Feliciano (born September 20, 1982) is an American retired professional boxer.
In 2007, he lost to Kermit Cintrón for the International Boxing Federation welterweight world title. The fight was on the Fernando Vargas v. Ricardo Mayorga Showtime PPV undercard.
Feliciano has defeated Vince Phillips, Delvin Rodriguez (for the USBA welterweight title), and Alfonso Gómez. Feliciano has a draw and loss to Gómez as well as losses to Willie Nelson, Demetrius Hopkins, Carlos Quintana, Mike Arnaoutis, and Muhammadqodir Abdullaev.
# Adam Shand (journalist)

Adam Shand (born 13 August 1962) is an Australian writer and journalist.

## Journalism

Adam Shand started his career in journalism as a cadet on The Australian newspaper in the 1980s covering the rise and fall of entrepreneurs. In 1991, he joined the Nine Network reporting for Business Sunday in Sydney and Melbourne.
In the 1990s Shand worked for three years in Africa as a freelance journalist based in Zimbabwe for media organizations, covering historic events as the rise to power of Nelson Mandela in South Africa, the aftermath of the genocide in Rwanda and the corruption of Zimbabwe's democracy. He returned to Australia in 1997 and worked as a roving reporter for the Nine Network's Today program. Shand also continued to work in the print media, including stints on the Australian Financial Review newspaper in Sydney and Melbourne. In 2003, Shand proposed a unique role writing for The Bulletin magazine while also filing stories for the Nine Network's Sunday program. He held that role until the closure of both the magazine and the show.
He won a Walkley Award in 2007 with Frank McGuire for exposing police corruption in Victoria. During this time he covered Melbourne's bloody ganglands war for the Nine Network and The Bulletin. He also produced exclusive stories on Australia's outlaw biker clubs, Lebanese and Islander gangs in Sydney. He worked full-time for the Nine Network's flagship A Current Affair programme from 2008 until 2010. More recently, Shand has been involved in investigative podcasting.

## Books

* Big Shots: The Chilling Inside Story of Carl Williams and the Gangland Wars, 2007, Penguin Books
* The Skull: Informers, Hit Men and Australia's Toughest Cop, 2009, Black Inc Books
* King of Thieves – The Adventures of Arthur Delaney and The Kangaroo Gang, 2010, Allen & Unwin
* Outlaws: Inside The Truth About Australian Bikers, 2011

## Podcasts

Shand has hosted several Australian crime podcast series:
* The Trials of The Vampire (2017)
* Adam Shand At Large (2018–2019)
* Real Crime: Australian Detectives (2021–)
* Real Crime: Feature (2021–)
* Real Crime: Interview (2021–)
* State Crime Command (2020–), with the NSW Police
* Understate: Lucille Butterworth (2018)
* Understate: In Plain Sight (2019)
* Understate: Lawyer X (2020)
# Arne Ringnes

Arne Ringnes (born 28 April 1955) is a Norwegian lawyer and judge.
He was born in Oslo. He was hired in the Ministry of Justice in 1983, went on to serve as a deputy judge in Indre Follo District Court, then became junior solicitor in the law firm Thommessen in 1986. He became a partner in 1989, until he was appointed as Supreme Court Justice in 2014.
# Vallea

Vallea is a genus of trees in the family Elaeocarpaceae. Trees in this genus are native to the Andes mountain range in South America and are classified in two species:
* Vallea ecuadorensis
* Vallea stipularis
# 124th Regiment of Foot

Two regiments of the British Army have been numbered the 124th Regiment of Foot:
* 124th Regiment of Foot (1762), raised in 1762
* 124th (Waterford) Regiment of Foot, raised in 1794
# Gregory House (New London, Ohio)

The Gregory House is a historic hotel in central New London, Ohio, United States. Erected soon after a fire that devastated the community, it has occupied a significant place in the community since its construction, and it has been named a historic site.
John Corey built the first cabin in present-day New London in 1816, and within a few years he was joined by several additional families. The village was incorporated in 1853 and grew rapidly, but its growth was checked by two major fires; the latter, which occurred on 17 November 1872, destroyed more than forty thousand dollars of property. One year later, village blacksmith Charles Gregory erected his namesake hotel, two-thirds for himself and one-third for local lawyer Albert Porter. Its height was taller than that of other Main Street buildings in the community.
Like many Ohio small-town hotels constructed in the years after the Civil War, the Gregory House was built of local materials and typifies the commercial vernacular architecture of the Firelands. Three stories tall with an irregular floor plan, the brick hotel rests on a stone foundation, and sandstone is employed for the coping, the lintels, and the keystones. In its earliest years, the hotel possessed a ten-bay facade with arched windows, topped with corbelling that formed a simple cornice, and display windows filled the first story.
In 1984, the Gregory House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its historically significant architecture and because of its important rôle in local history. It is one of seventeen Huron County locations on the Register, although the only one in New London.
# Blue Soul

Blue Soul may refer to:
* Blue Soul (Blue Mitchell album)
* Blue Soul (Joe Louis Walker album)
# Ear Spring

Ear Spring is a hot spring in the Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Located close to Old Faithful, on rare occasions Ear Spring will erupt as a geyser, and can shoot rocks and debris as well as water more than 25 feet (7.6 m) for a few minutes. On September 15, 2018, Ear Spring was seen on the National Park Service webcam at Old Faithful erupting for a minute and reached heights of 20 to 30 ft (6.1 to 9.1 m). This was the largest eruption the pool may have had since 1957. The eruption tossed small rocks out along with trash that people had thrown in it over the years and the heated water killed the surrounding bacterial mats that normally thrive in less heated conditions. Likely related to the eruption of Ear Spring, a new thermal feature opened up under the pedestrian boardwalk near Pump Geyser which resulted in the National Park Service temporarily closing off the boardwalk. This new thermal feature was spouting water the night of September 18-19, 2018. Additionally, Doublet Pool and North Goggles Geyser have both been more active in the period immediately after the rare eruption of Ear Spring.
* Ear Spring in September 2018 showing areas where bacterial mats had been killed (compared to image of 2013) and rocks spouted out of the spring after a rare eruption on September 15, 2018
* Ear Spring in August 2018, a month before its eruption. Note the white areas where there used to be bacterial mats in the image of 2013
# Jesse Fibiger

Jesse Fibiger (born April 4, 1978) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played sixteen games with the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League during the 2001–02 NHL season. Fibiger was held without a point in those games and registered two penalty minutes. In 2005, Fibiger moved to Germany, signing with EHC Wolfsburg Grizzly Adams.
Born in Victoria, British Columbia, he was originally drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, 178th overall in the 1998 NHL Entry Draft.

## Career statistics

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1996–97 | Victoria Salsa | BCHL | 53 | 6 | 18 | 24 | 88 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997–98 | Univ. of Minnesota-Duluth | NCAA | 40 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 82 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1998–99 | Univ. of Minnesota-Duluth | NCAA | 36 | 4 | 16 | 20 | 61 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1999–00 | Univ. of Minnesota-Duluth | NCAA | 37 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 83 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2000–01 | Univ. of Minnesota-Duluth | NCAA | 37 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001–02 | Cleveland Barons | AHL | 79 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 94 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2002–03 | San Jose Sharks | NHL | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2002–03 | Cleveland Barons | AHL | 59 | 3 | 11 | 14 | 63 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2003–04 | Cleveland Barons | AHL | 55 | 5 | 12 | 17 | 39 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 2004–05 | Binghamton Senators | AHL | 79 | 3 | 19 | 22 | 79 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| 2005–06 | Grizzly Adams Wolfsburg | Germany2 | 44 | 9 | 22 | 31 | 146 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 |
| 2006–07 | Grizzly Adams Wolfsburg | Germany2 | 21 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 47 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
| 2007–08 | Grizzly Adams Wolfsburg | DEL | 54 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 60 | — | — | — | — | — |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
# Jack Doran

John Francis Doran MM (3 January 1896 – 7 January 1940) was a professional footballer who played three times for the Ireland national team. In club football, he scored 46 goals from 90 appearances in the Football League playing for Brighton & Hove Albion, Manchester City and Crewe Alexandra. He also played in the Southern League for Pontypridd, Coventry City, Norwich City, Brighton & Hove Albion (before their admission to the Football League) and Mid Rhondda United, in the Free State League for Shelbourne and Fordsons, and in the Midland League for Boston Town.

## Life and career

Doran was born in Belfast in 1896. His family moved to England, and the young Doran was on the books of Southern League clubs New Brompton and Pontypridd and non-League club Newcastle Empire before signing for Coventry City in May 1914. He scored twice in his only appearance for that club in the Southern League before enlisting in the Army in September. Doran went on to serve in the 17th Battalion of the Middlesex Regiment – the so-called Footballers' Battalion – and was awarded the Military Medal.
After the war, Doran had brief spells as a guest with Brentford and Newcastle United, before joining Southern League club Norwich City, under the management of his wartime commanding officer, Major Frank Buckley. By March 1920, he had scored 18 goals for Norwich, already enough to make him the club's top scorer for the season, when Charlie Webb, manager of Buckley's former club Brighton & Hove Albion, persuaded him to move to the south coast. In the ten remaining games, Doran scored ten goals, a total that gave him the rare achievement of being the top scorer of two clubs in the same season. The following year, when Albion and the other Southern League teams were absorbed into the new Football League Third Division, Doran's goalscoring continued. He was the club's top scorer, with 22 goals, and he began the 1921–22 season with 16 of the first 17 goals scored by the team, including two hat-tricks and five goals in a 7–0 defeat of Northampton Town. Such goalscoring attracted attention from bigger clubs, and after finishing the season as Albion's top scorer for the third time, he signed for Manchester City of the First Division.
Doran made only three appearances for Manchester City, scoring once, before the club attempted to convert him to centre half. He then moved back to the Third Division for a few months with Crewe Alexandra. Short spells followed with Mid Rhondda United in the Southern League. In 1924 he joined Free State League club Shelbourne. He scored the third goal as Shelbourne defeated Athlone Town 4–0 in the semifinal of the 1925 Free State Cup, and appeared on the losing side in the final. He also played for Fordsons in the Free State League before finishing his playing career with Boston Town in the Midland League. He then returned to Ireland where he coached Waterford United.
After retiring from football, he became a publican in the north-east of England, and died in Sunderland of the effects of tuberculosis, aged 44.
# Arrhyton albicollum

Arrhyton albicollum, the Gibara white-collared racerlet is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. It is found in Cuba.
# Agostino Bugiardini

Agostino Bugiardini (died 1623) was an Italian sculptor active in the early Baroque period, mainly in his hometown of Florence, but also in Rome. He was a disciple of Giovanni Caccini, and fellow pupil of Gherardo Silvani.
# List of years in Nepal

This is a list of years in Nepal.

## 20th century
### 1900s

    1900
    1901
    1902
    1903
    1904
    1905
    1906
    1907
    1908
    1909

### 1910s

    1910
    1911
    1912
    1913
    1914
    1915
    1916
    1917
    1918
    1919

### 1920s

    1920
    1921
    1922
    1923
    1924
    1925
    1926
    1927
    1928
    1929

### 1930s

    1930
    1931
    1932
    1933
    1934
    1935
    1936
    1937
    1938
    1939

### 1940s

    1940
    1941
    1942
    1943
    1944
    1945
    1946
    1947
    1948
    1949

### 1950s

    1950
    1951
    1952
    1953
    1954
    1955
    1956
    1957
    1958
    1959

### 1960s

    1960
    1961
    1962
    1963
    1964
    1965
    1966
    1967
    1968
    1969

### 1970s

    1970
    1971
    1972
    1973
    1974
    1975
    1976
    1977
    1978
    1979

### 1980s

    1980
    1981
    1982
    1983
    1984
    1985
    1986
    1987
    1988
    1989

### 1990s

    1990
    1991
    1992
    1993
    1994
    1995
    1996
    1997
    1998
    1999

## 21st century
### 2000s

    2000
    2001
    2002
    2003
    2004
    2005
    2006
    2007
    2008
    2009

### 2010s

    2010
    2011
    2012
    2013
    2014
    2015
    2016
    2017
    2018
    2019

### 2020s

    2020
    2021
    2022
    2023
    2024
    2025
    2026
    2027
    2028
    2029
# Gregory Hoskins and the Stickpeople

Gregory Hoskins and the Stickpeople were a Canadian folk rock band active between 1985 and 1996. best known for their 1991 single "Neighbourhood". The band's consistent members throughout its lifetime were singer/songwriter Gregory Hoskins, backing vocalist Lynn Simmons, keyboardist George Civello and drummer Michael Spencer-Arscott, while John McCormick, Phil Dwyer and Colleen Allen played saxophone, and Steve Lucas and Mike Fabello played bass guitar, at different times.

## History

Hoskins, who had been writing songs since he was 14 years old, formed the Stickpeople in the mid 1980s with saxophonist John McCormick, and in 1990 signed with True North Records and Bernie Finklestein Management.
The band released their debut album, Moon Come Up, in February 1991. They toured nationally to support the album, opening for acts such as the Indigo Girls, the Neville Brothers and Sarah McLachlan. In 1993 they released Raids on the Unspeakable. Both recordings were produced for True North Records by Jonathan Goldsmith. A total of five music videos were created and received regular rotation on MuchMusic.
In 1992 and 1994, the band performed and toured as the musical accompaniment for the Heart of Mine Tour, actor and playwright Robert Morgan's one-man stage show about Bob Dylan. They also worked with Cheryl l'Hirondelle.
In 1996, Hoskins, Simmons and Civello began recording a third record independently. Hoskins released Surgery on his own label in 1999.

## Break-up

Following the release of Surgery, the band parted ways. Hoskins released his first solo album, King of Good Intentions, in 2001. He followed up with The Beggar Heart in 2007, Alone in the Mayor's House in 2008, Pleasure & Relief: A Live Concert Recording in 2008, The Map of Above, The Map of Below with drummer Gary Craig in 2013, Vain+Alone in 2017, and Nights of Grief & Mystery with Stephen Jenkinson also in 2017. He has performed and recorded with the Art of Time Ensemble and The Henrys.

## Discography

* Moon Come Up (1991)
* Raids on the Unspeakable (1993)
* Surgery (1999)
# Brian O'Meara

Brian O'Meara may refer to:
* Brian O'Meara (rugby union) (born 1976), Irish rugby union footballer
* Brian O'Meara (Kilruane MacDonagh's hurler) (born 1990), Irish hurler for the Tipperary senior team
* Brian O'Meara (Mullinahone hurler) (born 1973), Irish hurler for the Tipperary senior team
# Alex James

Alex James may refer to:
* Alex James (musician) (born 1968), bassist in English band Blur, newspaper columnist and cheesemaker
* Alex James (songwriter) (born 1976), songwriter, producer and music publisher
* Alex James (footballer) (1901–1953), Scottish footballer with Arsenal F.C.
* Alec James (cricketer) (1889–1961), Welsh cricketer
* Alex James (mathematician), British and New Zealand mathematician and mathematical biologist
* Alex James (professor), scientist and researcher
* Alex James (boxer), boxer from Grenada; see Boxing at the 1990 Central American and Caribbean Games
# Mother (Kubb album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
Mother is the only album of British band Kubb. It was released on 14 November 2005 in the UK on the Mercury Records label. It reached a peak of 26 the week of 13 February 2006. The album was never released in the US, although some versions have surfaced stateside (these versions removed the track "Bitch", bringing the album down to 11 tracks).

## Track listing

* "Remain" – 3:36
* "I Don't Mind" – 3:49
* "Somebody Else" – 2:54
* "Wicked Soul" – 3:46
* "Grow" – 5:13
* "If I Can't Have You" – 3:26
* "Alcatraz" – 3:18
* "Chemical" – 6:06
* "Sun" – 3:10
* "Without You" – 3:56
* "Bitch" – 3:37
* "Burn Again" – 4:32

## B-sides

Arranged in order of single release.
* "Lady Nightmare"
* "Bus Stop"
* "Remain" (Youth edit)
* "Mother"
* "Somebody Else" (Live XFM Session)
* "Wicked Soul" (acoustic)
* "Wicked Soul" (live at V Festival)
* "Lucille"
* "Come Inside"
* "Wicked Soul" (Tim Bran Remix)
* "Chemical" (live at Brixton)
* "For Us"
* "Connection"
* "Thursday"
# Arthur Gardiner

Arthur Gardiner may refer to:
* Arthur Gardiner (politician), Australian politician
* Arthur Gardiner (Royal Navy officer)
* Art Gardiner, Major League Baseball pitcher
# Aeolochroma viridicata

Aeolochroma viridicata is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Thomas Pennington Lucas in 1890. It is found in Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland. Adultsts have a complex green and brown or grey pattern.