OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Akali Surjit Singh

Surjit Singh (1945–2014) or Jathedar Surjeet Singh Akali was a Nihang and the 14th Jathedar of Budha Dal, after Akali Santa Singh. He was born on June 7, 1945, in Murar, Amritsar.

## Early life

Before initiating to become a Singh of the Budha Dal, Baba Surjit Singh had done service with Punjab Police forces. He also served years in the Indian armed forces where they saw intense fighting, He was renowned to be a skilled marksmen who had killed many enemies in battle. After finishing their service, he was initiated into the Dal in 1972 through the Khalsa ceremony of Amrit Sanchar. Baba Surjit Singh stayed and did seva with the dal for nearly four decades, heading the Chakarvati Dal at some points during their time.

## Jathedari Controversy

In 2005, Akali Santa Singh with their worsening health is said to have declared Baba Surjeet Singh as the next head of the Budha Dal. This is disputed as Baba Balbir Singh, a contender as the 14th Jathedar of Budha Dal, is said to have been given the leadership of Budha Dal.
Subsequently, during the time, Baba Surjit Singh arrested for a short period until their release in response to protests by Nihangs. He was allegedly the main perpetrator in the Patiala Bagichi Nihang Kaand, which claimed the lives of the family members of Baba Balbir Singh. This dispute has led to the many divisions in Budha Dal today with different factions claiming their own Jathedars.

## Time in jail

After the death of Akali Santa Singh in 2008, the Dastarbandi ceremonies were conducted for both Baba Surjeet Singh and Baba Balbir Singh by different factions of the Nihangs. In the following year, Baba Surjeet Singh along with 22 other Singhs were sentenced jail in their involvement in the Patiala Bagichi Nihang Kaand. Baba Surjeet Singh is said to have organized religious ceremonies during his time in jail.
On September 3, 2014, Baba Surjeet Singh passed away at the age of 69 and his funeral was held at Gurdwara Lakhi Jungle near Bathinda. Baba Surjeet Singh had chosen Akali Joginder Singh as the acting Jathedar during his time in jail. However, despite having been given temporary authority, this caused some controversy as later on. Baba Prem Singh, at the time the caretaker of a Gurdwara in Nanded, was given the leadership of Budha Dal at Baba Surjit Singhs funeral. This decision further led the Dal into 3 factions.
# Peter Henrici (mathematician)

Peter Karl Henrici (13 September 1923 – 13 March 1987) was a Swiss mathematician best known for his contributions to the field of numerical analysis.

## Life

Henrici was born in Basel and studied law for two years at University of Basel. After World War II he transferred to ETH Zürich where he received a diploma in electrical engineering (1948) and a doctorate in mathematics with Eduard Stiefel as his advisor (1952).

### Moving to the USA

In 1951 he moved to the United States and worked on a joint contract with American University and the National Bureau of Standards. Then, from 1956 to 1962, he taught at University of California, Los Angeles where he became a professor. In 1962 he returned to ETH Zürich as a professor, a position he kept for the rest of his life, though he also held a part-time appointment as William R. Kenan, Jr. Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1985.

### Numerical Analyst

An internationally recognized numerical analyst, who published 11 books and more than 80 research papers, Henrici was also a gifted pianist and a highly regarded teacher. He was an editor of a number of scientific journals, including Numerische Mathematik and Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik. In 1962, he was a speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians, and in 1978 he gave the SIAM John von Neumann Lecture.

## Peter Henrici Prize

Every four years since 1999, the Peter Henrici Prize is awarded by ETH Zürich and SIAM for "original contributions to applied analysis and numerical analysis and/or for exposition appropriate for applied mathematics and scientific computing".

## Publications

* Henrici, Peter (1962). Discrete variable methods in ordinary differential equations. Wiley.
* Henrici, Peter (1963). Error propagation for difference methods. SIAM series in applied mathematics. Wiley.
* Henrici, Peter (1964). Elements of numerical analysis. Wiley.
* Henrici, Peter (1974). Applied and computational complex analysis, Volume 1: Power series—integration—conformal mapping—location of zeros. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-37244-7.
* Henrici, Peter (1977). Applied and computational complex analysis, Volume 2: Special functions—integral transforms—asymptotics—continued fractions. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-01525-3.
* Henrici, Peter (1977). Computational Analysis with the HP-25 Pocket Calculator. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-02938-6.
* Henrici, Peter (1986). Applied and computational complex analysis, Volume 3: Discrete Fourier analysis—Cauchy integrals—construction of conformal maps—univalent functions. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-08703-3.
# Old Harbour Bay, Jamaica

Old Harbour Bay is a settlement in Jamaica. It has a population of 8,537 as of 2009.
Under Spanish Jamaica, Old Harbour was known as Esquivel.
Old Harbour Bay is located in St. Catherine Jamaica and comprises many smaller sub-divisions such as: Dagga Bay, Buddho, Crossroad, Blackwood Gardens Scheme, Settlement, Terminal, Salt Plane, Narine Lane (formerly known as Hellgate), Salt Gully, Bay Bottom, New Road, Capture Land, Kelly's Pen, Thompson Pen, Ghetto Lane, One Bump, McLeod Close (formerly known as 13th street), Panton Town and more
# NuBreed

NuBreed is a trio of Australian record producers Jason Catherine, Michael Walburgh, and Danny Bonnici (vocalist). They have performed several remixes for artists such as The Crystal Method, Luke Chable, and Way Out West. They have also recorded several DJ mixes including Electric_02 for EQ Recordings and an entry in Distinct'ive Breaks Records' Y4k series. Their singles are most often released on Zero Tolerance Recordings and Mob Records.

## Discography
### Studio albums

List of albums, with selected details :
| Title | Album details |
| The Original | Released: 2003 Label: Mob Records (MOBCD9003) Formats: CD |

## Awards
### ARIA Music Awards

The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. They commenced in 1987. NuBreed were nominated for one award.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2004 | The Original | Best Dance Release | Nominated |
# Starošince

Starošince (pronounced) is a village in the Municipality of Kidričevo in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.
The village chapel is dedicated to Saint Mary and belongs to the Parish of Cirkovce. It dates to the early 20th century.
# Blockade of Cebu

The Blockade of Cebu was a failed Portuguese naval action against the Spanish colony in the present-day city of Cebu, Philippines in 1568. The Portuguese fleet under captain-general Gonzalo Pereira blockaded Cebu in an effort to starve and expel the Spanish. However, the Spanish colony proved to be resistant to the blockade and the Portuguese fleet eventually suffered from typhoid fever. Pereira then decided to lift the blockade and sail the fleet to the Maluku Islands.

## Background

In 1494, the Treaty of Tordesillas divided the lands outside of Europe in half between Spain and Portugal. The Spaniards obtained the Americas (except Brazil) and the Pacific while the Portuguese acquired Africa and parts of Asia. However, the Philippines was not mentioned in the treaty. The Spaniards originally ignored the islands because it was well west of their territorial claims.
Charles V, monarch of Spain and the Holy Roman Empire, authorized an expedition by Ferdinand Magellan, who conducted the first circumnavigation of the world. The objective of the expedition was to find an alternative route to Asia. Magellan was ultimately killed during the Battle of Mactan in 1521.
It was during the reign of Charles's son, Philip II, that Spain decided to colonize the Philippines. Philip thought that Portugal would not protest as the islands were not abundant in spices. An expedition led by Miguel López de Legazpi successfully established in 1565 a Spanish colonial settlement in Cebu. When King Sebastian of Portugal learned of Legazpi's colony, he sent captain-general Gonzalo Pereira to expel the Spaniards.

## Blockade

On September 18, 1568, a Portuguese vessel arrived in Cebu with letters from Pereira announcing his imminent arrival. Ten days later, a fleet manned by Portuguese and Moluccan sailors appeared on the horizon. Pereira sent messages to Legazpi asserting that the islands lay on their side of the demarcation line that divided the globe between Spain and Portugal. The Portuguese threatened to attack if the Spaniards did not abandon their colony but Legazpi refused their demands. The last communication between Legazpi and Pereira was on October 31. Faced with the risk of being blamed for hostilities, Pereira decided to blockade Cebu instead of directly attacking it.
During the following months, the Portuguese ships fired upon neighboring villages and killed native inhabitants, including women and children. When it became clear that the Spaniards would not leave the Philippines and with the Portuguese fleet suffering from typhoid fever, Pereira lifted the blockade on New Year's Day in 1569 and sailed to the Maluku Islands.

## Aftermath

After the Portuguese blockade, Legazpi held a general meeting of officers and priests. They agreed that a second Spanish settlement should be established in Panay due to its plentiful food supply and several outlets to the sea. It was on the bank of the Panay River that the Spaniards founded what is present-day Roxas City in 1569.
Legazpi would subsequently transfer the colonial government to Manila, which he proclaimed to be the new capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571.
# Veronika Minina

Veronika Minina (since 1984 Triisa; born 29 June 1955) is an Estonian athletics competitor.
She was born in Viljandi.
She began athletics training at the age of 11 in Viljandi, coached by Aita Peters. Later, in Tallinn, she was coached by Jüri Murakas and Vello Palm. She is multiple-times Estonian champion in shot put.
Her personal best was 18.03 (1980).
Her son is motorsport driver Toomas Triisa.
# Dan Furey

Dan Furey (England, 12 September 1909 - Lackyle, Labasheeda, 7 August 1993) was an Irish dance teacher and fiddle player. Furey specialized in classes for set dancing, céilí dancing and step dancing.
Furey started in the 1930s with his lessons. At first only local, later in the whole of West-Clare, normally travelling by bicycle. In that period, many primary schools invited him to give lessons. From there his fame as dance teacher and fiddler spread and in the 1980s he was invited to give lessons in Great Britain and the United States.
In 1993, he fell ill and was hospitalized in Ennis General Hospital. There he drove doctors and nursing staff berserk, by keeping dancing, even in bed. The climax came during the Willie Clancy Summer School in July 1993, when a party of musicians broke away from the school and organized a seisiún.

## Festival

Labasheeda organised a dance festival in 1995 in Furey's memory. Former students showed up from all over Ireland, United States and Great Britain. The festival continues to operate.
# Grande Vingtaine (St Clement)

La Grande Vingtaine is one of the three vingtaines of St. Clement in the Channel Island of Jersey. It lies to the east of La Vingtaine du Rocquier, and spans the area between Le Hocq and the parish's border with Grouville.
It shares its name with La Grande Vingtaine in St Peter.
# Vilhelm Bryde

Vilhelm Bryde (8 April 1888 – 24 April 1974) was a Swedish actor, film producer, and art director.

## Biography

From 1909 to 1911, he was a student at the Royal Dramatic Theatre. Bryde was an actor at Svenska Teatern in Stockholm (1913-1919). He was director of the Svensk Filmindustri facilities at the Filmstaden (1922-1933). He worked on the 1924 Greta Garbo film The Saga of Gosta Berling, part-designing the forty eight sets constructed for Filmstaden at Råsunda for the production.

## Selected filmography
### Art director

* Thora van Deken (1920)
* A Fortune Hunter (1921)
* Boman at the Exhibition (1923)
* Johan Ulfstjerna (1923)
* Charles XII's Courier (1924)
* The Saga of Gosta Berling (1924)
* Life in the Country (1924)
* Charles XII (1925)
* Where the Lighthouse Flashes (1924)
* 40 Skipper Street (1925)
* The Lady of the Camellias (1925)
* First Mate Karlsson's Sweethearts (1925)
* Ingmar's Inheritance (1925)
* Her Little Majesty (1925)
* A Sister of Six (1926)
* To the Orient (1926)
* She Is the Only One (1926)
* The Tales of Ensign Stål (1926)
* The Million Dollars (1926)
* The Rivals (1926)
* The Ghost Baron (1927)
* Sealed Lips (1927)
* Sin (1928)
* Jansson's Temptation (1928)
* Black Rudolf (1928)
* Say It with Music (1929)
* Artificial Svensson (1929)
* The Realm of the Rye (1929)
* The Strongest (1929)
* Father and Son (1930)
* Cavaliers of the Crown (1930)
* Frida's Songs (1930)
* Ulla, My Ulla (1930)
* The People of Norrland (1930)
* The Red Day (1931)
* The Girl from Värmland (1931)
* The False Millionaire (1931)
* Colourful Pages (1931)

### Director

* A Perfect Gentleman (1927)

### Producer

* Sin (1928)
* The Triumph of the Heart (1929)
* Artificial Svensson (1929)
* Frida's Songs (1930)
# Stanstead, Suffolk

Stanstead is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. The name Stanstead comes from the Old English for "Stony place". Located off the B1066, it is around 4 miles (6 km) from Sudbury, and is part of Babergh district. It is about 2 kilometres (1 mi) from Glemsford, 12 miles (19 km) from Hadleigh, and 4 miles (6 km) from Lavenham.

## Etymology

The name Stanstead is Anglo Saxon for "stony place" and it is easy to appreciate how this came about when viewing the surrounding fields, particularly in the lower part of the village, which are strewn with glacial flint. There is much evidence of earlier Iron Age and Roman settlements in the surrounding area.

## Geography

Stanstead is situated in Glem Valley to the north east of Sudbury. The Parish borders Long Melford in the west, Glemsford to the south, Boxted to the east and Shimpling to the north.
The village is T-shaped; the lower half of the settlement (Lower Street) follows the B1066 along the bottom of the valley past the old Stanstead osier beds. The upper part of the village is reached by a 30-metre climb up the hill past Stanstead Hall towards the church and a cluster of houses, a small green and then on to Upper Street and Blooms Hall Lane.

## Governance

Stanstead lies in the Babergh district of the shire county of Suffolk. The three tiers of local government are administered by
* Suffolk County Council
* Babergh District Council
* Stanstead Parish Council

## Transport

Shimpling is served by one bus service operated by Hedingham & Chambers:

## Education

The village is served by Hartest CEVCP School, a primary school currently catering for pupils aged 5–11.
Older children attend Sudbury Upper School and Arts College.

## Demography

According to the Office for National Statistics, at the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Stanstead had a population of 316 with 127 households.

### Population change

Population growth in Stanstead from 1801 to 1891 :
| Year | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1881 | 1891 |
| Population | 258 | 284 | 341 | 353 | 387 | 412 | 369 | 368 |
| Source: A Vision of Britain Through Time |||||||||||
Population growth in Stanstead from 1901 to 2001 :
| Year | 1901 | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1951 | 1961 | 2001 |
| Population | 326 | 265 | 291 | 270 | 247 | 276 | 316 |
| Source: A Vision of Britain Through Time |||||||||||

## Notable former residents

* Robert Calef (1648 - 1719), cloth merchant in colonial Boston and author.
* Edmund Rice (c.1594 – 1663), politician and founder of Marlborough, Massachusetts
# Vella, Burkina Faso

Vella, Burkina Faso is a town in the Thyou Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It has a population of 1,927.
# Blue-eared barbet

The blue-eared barbet (Psilopogon cyanotis) is a barbet in the Megalaimidae family native to mainland Southeast Asia. Because of its wide distribution and stable population it is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.

## Description

The blue-eared barbet has green plumage and crimson-coloured spots on the cheeks. Its throat and ear-coverts are verditer-blue. A black band runs between throat and breast. It is 16–17 cm (6.3–6.7 in) long. It is a plump bird, with a short neck, large head and short tail. The bill is dark. The adult male has a black forehead. The female has a duller head pattern with a more orange tint to the patches above and below the ear coverts, and the juvenile has a green head with some blue on the ear coverts and throat.
The male's territorial call is a repeated loud ko-turr. Other calls include a whistle known as the "policeman whistle".

## Distribution and habitat

The blue-eared barbet is a resident breeder in the hills from eastern Nepal through northeast India to southern Thailand and Indochina. It inhabits shrublands and forests up to an altitude of 1,600 m (5,200 ft). It nests in tree cavities.

## Taxonomy

Bucco cyanotis was the scientific name proposed by Edward Blyth in 1847 who described a barbet from the Arakan area. In the 19th and 20th centuries, about 19 generic names were proposed for Asian barbet species, including Psilopogon by Salomon Müller in 1836, Megalaima by George Robert Gray in 1849 and Mezobucco by George Ernest Shelley in 1889. Taxonomists used different generic names when describing barbets in collections of natural history museums.
Mesobucco duvaugli orientalis was proposed by Herbert C. Robinson in 1915 for seven barbets collected on the coast at the Thailand-Cambodian border and on Ko Chang Island that differed from cyanotis barbets; they were larger and paler, and the red spot below their eyes was intermixed with golden.
Three blue-eared barbet subspecies are recognized as valid taxa since 2014:
* P. c. cyanotis – from southeastern Nepal, Bangladesh and northeastern India to Myanmar, northern Thailand and southern China
* P. c. orientalis – from eastern Thailand to Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam
* P. c. stuarti (Robinson & Kloss, 1919) – peninsular Thailand
# Anophiodes concentratus

Anophiodes concentratus is a species of moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Papua New Guinea.
# Tjerk Bottema

Tjerk Bottema (4 March 1882 – 1940) was a Dutch painter and editorial cartoonist.

## Biography

At age 14, Bottema was sent to the Rijkskweekschool in Maastricht where he studied drawing. Later he studied at the Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten, where Art Nouveau was the dominant style. During this time Bottema also started drawing advertisements, an activity that would later make him famous. In 1909 he has his first major success with the painting “Maaiers”, one year later he won the prestigious Prix de Rome. During World War I he visited the Western Front to make an illustrated report for the newspaper De Amsterdammer. After the war he settled in Paris, finding a job writing travel reports for De Notenkraker. When in 1940 the German army approached Paris Bottema decided to leave France, but died when his ship was sunk by a German U-boat.
# Gravitcornutia cinnamomea

Gravitcornutia cinnamomea is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil in the states of Santa Catarina and São Paulo.
# Damian Lundy

Damian Lundy (1944–1997) was a religious brother of the de La Salle Order. He was born as Michael Lundy in Sowerby Bridge in Yorkshire on 21 March 1944. Some sources state that he died in 1996, but others that it was in 1997 at the age of 53. He entered the De la Salle Brothers order in 1960. He is widely respected as a leading innovator in many forms of Catholic ministry and education in the UK. He is credited with devising the current standard form of Catholic Residential Youth Work and for writing many popular hymns and prayers and leading seminars and conferences.
In 1975, Damian founded St Cassian's Centre, Kintbury, in Berkshire, a widely visited and respected Catholic Youth Retreat Centre, which as of October 2023 is still operating.
He is remembered for his popular hymn, Walk in the light, and for verses 3-5 added to Jimmy Owens' hymn This is my body, broken for you.

## Publications

Lundy's writing include:
* What's the Point of It All? (Scripture for Living), 1992
* Songs of the Spirit, 1978
* Hymns Old and New – with Kevin Mayhew, 1980
# Tannabar, New South Wales

Tannabar, New South Wales is a bounded rural locality in New South Wales. The suburb is in the outskirts of the town of Coonabarabran in warrumbungle shire Gowan County, New South Wales.
# Vella (surname)

Vella is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## Surnames

* Adam Vella, (born 1971), Australian shooter and Olympic medalist
* Alex Vella (born 1953), Maltese-Australian businessman and former boxer
* Christina Vella (1942–2017), American historian of modern Europe
* Corissa Vella (born 1988), Maltese footballer
* Cristian Vella (born 1978), Argentine footballer
* Daniel J. Vella (born 1955), Canadian racehorse trainer
* George William Vella (born 1942), Maltese politician
* Gianni Vella (1885–1977), Maltese artist
* John Vella (born 1950), American football player
* Joseph Vella [mt] (1942–2018), Maltese composer
* Karmenu Vella (born 1950), Maltese politician
* Leandro Vella (born 1996), Argentine footballer
* Lolly Vella (1933–2012), Australian soccer player
* Luciano Vella (born 1981), Argentine footballer
* Margot Vella (born 1999), Australian dual-code rugby player
* Marjanu Vella (1927–1988), Maltese poet
* Michael Vella (born 1980), Australian professional rugby league player
* Philip Vella, Maltese composer
* Silvio Vella (born 1967), Canadian soccer player
* Simon Vella (born 1979), Maltese international football player
* Vinny Vella (1947–2019), American actor and comedian

## People with first name

* Vella Pillay (1923–2004), South African economist and political activist
# Frank Schneider

Frank Schneider may refer to:
* Frank Schneider (musicologist) (born 1942), German musicologist
* Frank Schneider (spy), Luxembourger spy
* Frankie Schneider (1926-2018), American racing driver