OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cook Street Gate

Cook Street Gate is a medieval gate in Coventry, England. It was probably built in the second half of the 14th century as part of the defensive circuit of the city.
This gate is one of only two which survive of the original twelve town gates and the only one through which a road still runs. The other is Swanswell Gate. It was completed around 1485 AD but was derelict by the late 19th century. The gate was presented to the city in 1913 by Sir William Wyley and restored in 1918. The blocked doorways onto the wall walk can still be seen and as of May 2021 there is a planning application to renovate and conserve the building and open it up as tourist accommodation. The site is one of ten Scheduled Monuments in Coventry and a Grade I Listed Building. It was previously owned by Coventry City Council but has been transferred to Historic Coventry Trust to maintain and run.
# Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index

The Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index is an index of thirty precious metal mining companies that is traded on the Philadelphia Stock Exchange. The index is represented by the symbol "XAU", which may be a source of some confusion as this symbol is also used under the ISO 4217 currency standard to denote one troy ounce of gold. The Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index and the NYSE Arca Gold BUGS Index are the two most watched gold indices on the market.

## Index components

* Company
* Agnico Eagle Mines Limited
* Allied Nevada Gold Corp.
* AngloGold Ashanti Ltd.
* AuRico Gold Inc.
* Banro Corporation
* Barrick Gold Corporation
* Coeur Mining, Inc.
* Compañia de Mínas Buenaventura
* Eldorado Gold Corp.
* First Majestic Silver Corp.
* Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc.
* Gold Fields Ltd.
* Gold Resource Corporation
* Goldcorp Inc.
* Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited
* Hecla Mining Co.
* IAMGOLD Corp.
* Kinross Gold Corporation
* McEwen Mining Inc.
* New Gold, Inc.
* Newmont Mining Corporation
* NovaGold Resources Inc.
* Pan American Silver Corp.
* Randgold Resources Limited
* Royal Gold, Inc.
* Seabridge Gold, Inc.
* Silver Standard Resources Inc.
* Wheaton Precious Metals Corporation
* Tanzanian Royalty Exploration Corp.
* Yamana Gold, Inc.
Source:
# Phalacra columba

Phalacra columba is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Jeremy Daniel Holloway in 1998. It is found on Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo and Sumatra.
# Corani District

Corani (from Aymara Qurani, meaning "the one with herbs") is one of ten districts of the Carabaya Province in Peru.

## Geography

The southern section of the Willkanuta mountain range traverses the district. Some of the highest peaks of the district are listed below:
* Ananta (Cusco-Puno)
* Ananta (Puno)
* Ananta K'uchu
* Anqasi
* Aya Pata
* Ch'iyar K'ark'a Pata
* Ch'uspini
* Hatun Qinamari
* Hatun Sallayuq
* Hatun Wayq'u
* Hatunk'uchu
* Jach'a Tira
* Jamp'atuni
* Japu Tira
* Jaqhi Wat'a
* Kimsa Chata
* Kunkunani
* Kunturillu
* Khunurana (Carabaya)
* Khunurana (Carabaya-Melgar)
* K'ayrani
* Lawani
* Llipin Tira
* Llusk'a Rit'i
* Machu Rit'i
* Millu
* Pata Anqasi
* Pichaqani
* Pirwani
* Puka Kancha
* Puka Kunka
* Puka Urqu
* Pumanuta
* Quri Pintay
* Q'illu Sallayuq
* Q'uli
* Q'umir Qucha
* Q'uwaqa
* Rit'i Wasi
* Runku Tawqa
* Sapan Uta
* Sapay Warmi
* Sayrik'uchu
* Sura Pata
* Sura Tira
* Taruka Sayana
* Tarujani
* T'ika Pallana
* Tuqllayuq
* Tutha Llipiña
* T'uqra
* Unu Lluqsina
* Uqhu Kunka
* Uqhu P'ukru
* Uturunqani
* Wanqani Apachita
* Waña Punta
* Wari Sayana
* Waylla Pata
* Wila Kunka
* Wisk'achani
* Yana Qaqa
* Yana Sallayuq
* Yana Wayruru
* Yanaqucha
* Yuraq Wayruru

## Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (96.64%) learnt to speak in childhood, 3.03 % of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census).
# Corang

Corang is a locality in the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council, New South Wales, Australia. It is located on the north side of the Corang River and to the east of the road from Braidwood to Nowra about 46 km north of Braidwood and 75 km southwest of Nowra. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 13. It consists mainly of forest and most of it lies in the Morton National Park. Its eastern boundary runs along the Budawang Range and includes Mount Tarn, Sturgiss Mountain and Quiltys Mountain.
Corang had a "half-time" school from 1868 to 1871.
# Cooper Mk.VIII

The Cooper Mk.VIII is a Formula 3 car built by British manufacturer Cooper Cars in 1954. It came in three different versions. The first was the Cooper T31; which featured a curved tubular chassis, a revised transmission housing, a central scuttle tank, a "curled-leaf" spring, and a 500 cc (31 cu in) JA Prestwich Industries (JAP) single-cylinder engine. The second version was the Cooper T32; which featured an elongated chassis and body, and a larger and more powerful 1,100 cc (67 cu in) OHV V-2 engine. The third and final iteration was the Cooper T28; which was a streamliner designed for setting speed records.
vte Cooper Car Company :
Founders
Charles Cooper
John Cooper
Designers
Owen Maddock
Jack Brabham
Eddie Stait
Derrick White
World Champions
Jack Brabham
Drivers' titles
1959
1960
Constructors' titles
1959
1960 :
# Tommyhawk

Tommyhawk can refer to:
* an alternate spelling of tomahawk (axe)
* "Tommyhawk", a 1954 song by Johnny Mandel
** covered by Shelly Manne & His Men on the 1957 album More Swinging Sounds
* Tommyhawk Creek, a watercourse in Western Australia
* Tommy Hawk, the mascot for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League
* a variation of the cutter maneuver in professional wrestling
# Coreoleuciscus splendidus

Coreoleuciscus splendidus, also known as the swiri or Korean splendid dace, is a species of fish from the cyprinid family endemic to rivers of the Korean peninsula. It was first scientifically described by Tamezo Mori in 1935, who noted in 1936 that it could be found spawning in Gyeongsangbuk-do's Uljin County; a 1939 study also found it in the Geum and Seomjin rivers. A South Korean survey of 4909 sites south of the Korean Demilitarized Zone conducted between April 1966 and November 1989 found it in 659 sites; it was not seen to appear in the Yeongsan, Sapgyo, or Anseong rivers. It typically spawns between the beginning of May and the middle of June.
Coreoleuciscus splendidus grows to roughly 10 to 15 cm in length, with a long, slender body and a pointed snout; its eyes are small and horseshoe-shaped. Its head is greyish-brown in colour, while its back is darker and its stomach is lighter, often approaching white in hue; it also has a light stripe running along the length of its body on each side. The stripe is typically yellow, though specimens with orange stripes can also be found and are considered to be more attractive. It is often used for decorative purposes; feeding it sources of carotenoids, specifically spirulina or paprika, has been observed to improve the colour definition of its skin and fins.

## In popular culture

The 1999 South Korean film Shiri was named after C. splendidus; the fish appears prominently in tanks in the offices of the main characters, and one of the film's primary antagonists has a monologue which discusses the fish and the effect that the division of Korea has had on it.
# Cornelis van Slingeland

Cornelis van Slingeland (1635 in Dordrecht – 1686 in Dordrecht), was a Dutch Golden Age painter.
According to Houbraken he was both a cook and a painter, known by the bentname "Zeehaan" (Sea-rooster, or Sea-cock) for going to Rome twice by sea. He lived in Dordrecht "by de Groothoofdspoort, over 't Ossenhoofd".
According to the RKD he was a portrait painter who buried a child in 1666 in Dordrecht, which indicated he had settled there. He ran a kitchen for feeding the poor.
He was possibly related to Pieter Cornelisz van Slingelandt. No known works survive.
# Phatisalam

Phatisalam was a ship of 259 tons, that was built in Cochin, India in 1816. It was wrecked in 1821, leading to the deaths of eight people.
Under the command of Captain Peter Dillon the ship left Calcutta on 25 January 1821. It was a slow journey and in early poor weather the ship began to leak badly, taking on board nearly 50 cm per hour. The crew of Lascars fared badly on the slow and arduous trip with several dying and the rest suffering from starvation and illness. In a gale on the night of 9 July 1821 the ship was beached on Hunter Island, Bass Strait. Nobody was injured in the beaching, however after waiting several months for rescue, it was decided to try to make Port Dalrymple in Tasmania. When one of the longboats was launched it capsized leading to the deaths of six crew and two prisoners. The only survivor was a female passenger.
The remaining passengers and crew reached George Town, Tasmania, after a stormy trip of some twelve days.
In mid October, the wreck was surveyed and burnt by the surveyors.
# Coquito sergeant

The Coquito sergeant (Nexilosus latifrons), also knowns as the Coquito damsel, is a species of ray-finned fish, it is the only species in the monotypic genus Nexilosus which is classified in the family, Pomacentridae, the clownfishes and damselfishes. It is found on rocky coasts in the eastern Pacific Ocean off Peru and northern Chile, as well as the Galapagos Islands.
# Corma zenotia

Corma zenotia is a species of moth in the family Zygaenidae.
# Tony Pithey

Anthony John Pithey (17 July 1933 – 17 November 2006) was a Rhodesian cricketer who played in seventeen Test matches for South Africa between 1957 and 1965. He also made 65 appearances for Rhodesia, captaining them 34 times.
Pithey was a technically correct top-order batsmen who developed a reputation for being a stayer rather than a stroke-maker. His early promise saw him represent South Africa as a young player, but he only secured his place in the team toward the end of his career. He toured Australia with Trevor Goddard's Springboks in 1963–64, during which, with his brother David and the Pollocks (Peter and Graeme) he formed part of the first pair of brothers to represent a country in a Test match.
His best series was against Mike Smith's MCC tourists in 1964/65 during which he scored two half-centuries, and his only century, 154 at Newlands during the third Test match. He was selected for the tour of England in 1965 but withdrew for business reasons and did not play Test cricket again.
# Magnum Psyche

Magnum Psyche was a chestnut Arabian stallion bred by J. Lancaster Havice and foaled May 2, 1995. He is sired by Padrons Psyche and out of A Fancy Miracle. His grandsires are *Padron and *Sasaki. He is owned by the Haras Mayed stud near Buenos Aires Argentina, which is owned by Fernando and Joaquin Santibanes. For many years he has stood at stud in the United States and is closely associated with the trainer David Boggs. Magnum Psyche died January 3, 2023.
Magnum Psyche has won a number of major championships in halter, including national champion stallion.
At the 2009 Scottsdale Arabian Horse Show, Magnum Psyche won the title.
# Carl F. W. Huth

Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Huth (November 30, 1857 – April 23, 1926) was a German-born American professor of classics and the first teacher hired at Concordia College in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

## Early life and education

Huth was born in Nieden, Brandenburg, which was at the time a province of Prussia. His parents were Johann Friedrick Huth and Wilhelmine Christine Anna Maertins Huth. The family emigrated to the United States in 1868 and settled in Chicago. He was educated at Northwestern College in Watertown, Wisconsin, where he excelled at baseball and fencing, and then at Concordia Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri, from which he graduated in 1881. He received an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Concordia Seminary in 1921.

## Career

Upon graduation from the seminary, Huth was immediately hired to teach Greek and Latin at Concordia College in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he remained from 1881 to 1926.

## Personal life

Huth married Ida Fredericka Hilgendorf on December 26, 1881, and they had fourteen children. One of his sons, Carl F. Huth, was a historian at the University of Chicago, and one of his daughters, Gertrude Huth Probst, was a librarian, also at the University of Chicago.
He died in Milwaukee at age 68, and is buried at Union Cemetery in Milwaukee.
Many of his church and educational activities are mentioned in archival issues of Der Lutheraner (St. Louis, Missouri), a German-language publication of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, where he is referred to as "C. Huth."
# Saihou

Saihou is a Gambian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Saihou Gassama (born 1993), Gambian football midfielder
* Saihou Jagne (born 1986), Swedish-Gambian football striker
* Saihou Sarr (born 1951), Gambian footballer
# Solarcentury

Solarcentury was the UK's largest solar company. Solarcentury was founded in 1998 by former oil geologist Jeremy Leggett, and had an annual turnover of £168 million in 2015–16.
The company were in partnership with Panama-based private equity firm ECOSolar, and had acquired the 400MW Divisa Project in Panama.
Solarcentury gave a 5% share of profits to SolarAid, a charity founded by Solarcentury in 2006, that supplies mini home-solar installations in Africa on a pay as you go basis.
Solarcentury was integrated with Statkraft in November 2020

## History

In May 2017, the company announced that it was shifting its focus from the UK, where 85% of its business is, and pursuing £3 billion of projects in Latin America and Europe.
In 2019 Solarcentury announced an eightfold increase in annual profits to £14.4 million, largely due to constructing and operating unsubsidised solar farms in southern Europe, Latin America and Africa.
In November 2020, the Norwegian renewables company Statkraft announced it had acquired Solarcentury, taking full control of the company.
# After the Morning (Cara Dillon album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Irish Times | |
| Allmusic | |
| Hot Press | |
| The Scotsman | |
After the Morning is the third solo album from folk artist Cara Dillon. It was recorded at their home studio in Frome, Somerset, Mayfair Studios, Kore Studios, Amberville Studios and Sun Street Studios. The strings and brass were recorded in Prague. Similar to her previous albums, After the Morning was produced by Sam Lakeman, her husband and musical partner. Additional production was by Mike 'Spike' Drake, who also mixed the album. It features the singles "Never in a Million Years", and the double A-side of "I Wish You Well" and "This Time".
The lead single, "Never in a Million Years", was a fairly successful radio hit given the folk music genre with which Dillon is associated. It spent six weeks on the BBC Radio 2 playlist, as well as the RTÉ Radio 1 playlist, and was Record of the Week on BBC Radio Ulster. Due to a lack interest on the part of the record label (Rough Trade), the second single, "This Time/I Wish You Well" was cancelled. "This Time" was remixed with additional vocals, electric guitar and percussion for the single. The release date of the double A-side single was originally 31 July 2006, to coincide with Cambridge Folk Festival where Dillon was to perform, but was changed to 14 August 2006 before being cancelled.

## Track listing

* "Never in a Million Years" (Cara Dillon, Sam Lakeman) – 3:49
* "I Wish You Well" (Dillon, Lakeman) 4:19
* "Here's a Health" (Dillon, Lakeman) – 4:46
* "Brockagh Braes" (Traditional) – 5:11
* "Garden Valley" (Dougie MacLean) – 4:08
* "October Winds" (Dillon, Lakeman) – 4:02
* "Bold Jamie" (Dillon, Lakeman) – 5:00
* "The Streets of Derry" (Traditional) – 4:27
* "This Time" (Dillon, Lakeman, Katie Marne, Chuck Norman) – 3:59
* "The Snows They Melt the Soonest" (Traditional) – 4:18
* "Walls" (Mary Ann Kennedy, Pam Rose, Randy Sharp) – 3:02
* "Grace" (Dillon, Lakeman) – 3:15

## Personnel

* Paul Brady – vocals
* Cara Dillon – arranger, vocals
* Mary Dillon – backing vocals
* Roy Dodds – percussion
* Spike Drake – producer, mixing
* Frank Gallagher – string arrangements
* Cathal Hayden – fiddle
* Sam Lakeman – Producer, Piano, acoustic guitar, organ, percussion
* Simon Lea – drums
* Neill MacColl – guitar, mandolin
* Ben Nicholls – upright bass
* Martin O'Connor – button accordion
* Doug Sax – mastering
* Martin Simpson – guitar

## Chart performance

| Chart (2006) | Peak position |
| UK Albums Chart | 124 |
| Irish Albums Chart | 50 |
| UK Indie Albums Chart | 20 |
# Shouldice Hernia Centre

Shouldice Hospital (formerly Shouldice Hernia Centre) is a private hospital located in Markham, Ontario, Canada, at 7750 Bayview Avenue in the Thornhill district. The hospital specializes in hernia care. Its location is the former estate of George McCullagh, a publisher who created The Globe and Mail newspaper in 1936.

## History

The hospital was founded in 1945 by Dr. Earle Shouldice. While private hospitals are not allowed under Ontario's Private Hospitals Act, Shouldice Hospital is one of seven private hospitals in the province grandfathered under the Act. The hospital has been continuously family run from its inception but is partially publicly funded.
In the 2020s, Liberty Development planned to build five residential towers on the property. In September 2022, the City of Markham purchased the Shouldice property for CA$188 million, to transform the lands into a public park, while continuing the lease for the hospital.

## Work

Shouldice Hospital is a private hospital that operates in a public health care system. It works solely on hernia repair. It uses a natural tissue, tension free, technique developed during World War II by Dr. Shouldice. The hospital performs hernia repairs on over 6,500 patients a year.
Everything in the hospital is designed toward hernia repair. Shouldice's rooms do not have telephones or televisions, which it says is to encourage patients to walk around while recovering. The hospital is laid out like a "country club." According to the hospital, it has the lowest rate of complications and recurrences of hernias in the world. The success of its method has been cited to the fact that Shouldice surgeons solely do hernia operations.
Notable patients at the hospital have included U.S. politician Rand Paul, former Canadian prime minister Joe Clark, former leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP) Jack Layton and consumer advocate Ralph Nader.

## Harvard Business School business case

The facility was the subject of a 1983 business case by the Harvard Business School. Written by James Heskett, the report is the school's fourth-best-selling business case, selling over 259,000 copies. The case study focuses on Shouldice's unique three-day hernia repair process. The popularity of the business case is responsible for the hospital's process becoming known outside of Canada.
# Santiago District, Paraíso

Santiago is a district of the Paraíso canton, in the Cartago province of Costa Rica.

## Geography

Santiago has an area of 25.5 km² and an elevation of 1,084 metres.

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, Santiago had a population of 5,534 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 10
* National Route 224
* National Route 404
# Senecio sanmarcosensis

Senecio sanmarcosensis is a perennial Senecio native to high elevation wetlands in Polylepis racemosa forests in the Callejón de Huaylas in Peru.
# Senecio scandens

Senecio scandens, also known as climbing Senecio, is a climber in the family Asteraceae that is native to Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent.

## Description

Featuring a rhizomatous rootstock, it is a 2-5 metres long evergreen climber that produces slender, scrambling, multibranched woody stems. Frost-tender, it produces yellow daisy-like flowers which are borne in autumn.

## Distribution

The plant is native to China, southern Japan, Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia (Sulawesi), Philippines.
It is found in forests, brushwood, shrublands, rocks, near buildings, watercourses, on elevations from sea level to 4,000 metres at the highest.

## Medicinal usage

The plant is used as a medicinal herb in China, where it is a constituent of more than 100 herbal medicines. The plant contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Furthermore, many compounds are present, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, terpenes, volatile oils and carotenoids, in addition to anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-leptospirosis, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antiviral, antitumoral, analgesic, mutagenic, and toxicological activities.
# Senator Tarr

Senator Tarr may refer to:
* Bruce Tarr (born 1964), Massachusetts State Senate
* Eric Tarr (born 1972), West Virginia State Senate
# Senator Ten Eyck

Senator Ten Eyck may refer to:
* John C. Ten Eyck (1814–1879), U.S. Senator from New Jersey
* Conrad Ten Eyck (1782–1847), Michigan State Senate
* David Ten Eyck (born 1953), Minnesota State Senate
# Senator Tate

Senator Tate may refer to:
* Horacena Tate (born 1956), Georgia State Senate
* J. Henry Tate (1830–1918), Wisconsin State Senate
* Jack Tate (politician) (born 1967), Colorado State Senate
* Penfield Tate III (born 1965), Colorado State Senate
* Reginald Tate (politician) (1954–2019), Tennessee State Senate
# Bathocuproine

Bathocuproine is an organic compound with the formula (C$_6$H$_5$)$_2$(CH$_3$)$_2$C$_{12}$H$_4$N$_2$. It is related to [Phenanthroline|1,10-phenanthroline]] by the placement of two methyl groups and two phenyl groups in the 2,9 and 4,7 positions, respectively. Like 1,10-phenanthroline, bathocuproine is a bidentate chelating ligand. The two methyl groups flank the nitrogen centers, such that bathocuproine is a bulky ligand. It forms a monomeric 1:1 complex with nickel(II) chloride, whereas the less bulky parent phenanthroline forms a 2:1 complex.
This compound was first prepared by Case and Brennan in the early 1950s is a pale yellow solid that is soluble in polar organic solvents.
# Bathochromic shift

In spectroscopy, bathochromic shift (from Greek βαθύς (bathys) 'deep' and χρῶμα (chrōma) 'color'; hence less common alternate spelling "bathychromic") is a change of spectral band position in the absorption, reflectance, transmittance, or emission spectrum of a molecule to a longer wavelength (lower frequency). Because the red color in the visible spectrum has a longer wavelength than most other colors, the effect is also commonly called a red shift.
Hypsochromic shift is a change to shorter wavelength (higher frequency).

## Conditions

It can occur because of a change in environmental conditions: for example, a change in solvent polarity will result in solvatochromism.
A series of structurally-related molecules in a substitution series can also show a bathochromic shift. Bathochromic shift is a phenomenon seen in molecular spectra, not atomic spectra; it is thus more common to speak of the movement of the peaks in the spectrum rather than lines.
    $\Delta \lambda =\lambda \!_{{\text{state 2}} \atop {\text{observed}}}-\,\lambda \!_{{\text{state 1}} \atop {\text{observed}}}$
where $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the spectral peak of interest and $\lambda \!_{{\text{state 2}} \atop {\text{observed}}}>\,\lambda \!_{{\text{state 1}} \atop {\text{observed}}}.$

## Detection

Bathochromic shift is typically demonstrated using a spectrophotometer, colorimeter, or spectroradiometer.