OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shoin

   As life styles change, so does architecture. In few other ways can we see so directly and concretely the changes in the social and cultural life of the Muromachi elite as in the development of shoin-style architecture and the invention of the new form of domestic structure known as the kaisho.
Ito Teiji,
Shoin (書院, drawing room or study) is a type of audience hall in Japanese architecture that was developed during the Muromachi period. The term originally meant a study and a place for lectures on the sūtra within a temple, but later it came to mean just a drawing room or study. From this room takes its name the shoin-zukuri style. In a shoin-zukuri building, the shoin is the zashiki, a tatami-room dedicated to the reception of guests.
The emerging architecture of the Muromachi period was subsequently influenced by the increasing use and appearance of shoin. One of the most noticeable changes in architecture to arise from the shoin came from the practice of lining their floors with tatami mats. Since tatami mats have a standardized size the floor plans for shoin rooms had to be developed around the proportions of the tatami mat; this in turn affected the proportions of doors, the height of rooms, and other aspects of the structure. Before the shoin popularized the practice of lining floors with tatami mats it had been standard to only bring out a single tatami mat for the highest-ranking person in the room to sit on.
The architecture surrounding and influenced by the shoin quickly developed many other distinguishing features. Since the guests sat on the floor instead of on furniture, they were positioned at a lower vantage point than their Chinese counterparts who were accustomed to using furniture. This lower vantage point generated such developments as the suspended ceilings which functioned to make the room feel less expansive, and also resulted in the ceilings rafters being no longer visible as they were in China. The new suspended ceilings also allowed for more elaborate decoration, resulting in many highly ornate suspended ceilings in addition to the much simpler ones. Another characteristic development to arise from the lower vantage point were the tokonoma and chigaidana. The tokonoma was an elevated recess built into the wall to create a space for displaying the Chinese art which was popular at the time at a comfortable eye level. The chigaidana, or "staggered shelves", were shelving structures built into the tokonoma to display smaller objects. Occurring at the same time as the development of the shoin architecture, the fusuma, or "sliding doors", were becoming a popular means to divide rooms. As a result, columns began to be created that were square-shaped to accommodate the sliding doors.
The asymmetry of the tokonoma and chigaidana pair, as well as the squared pillars differentiated the shoin design with the Chinese design at the time which preferred symmetric pairs of furniture and round pillars. Soon after its advent shoin architecture became associated with these evolving elements as it became the predominant format for formal gathering rooms.
# Puerto Rico at the 2019 World Athletics Championships

Puerto Rico competed at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Doha, Qatar, from 27 September–6 October 2019.

## Result
### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are for the entire round
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* GR = Games record
* PB = Personal best
* SB = Season best
* DNF = Did not finish
* DNS = Did not start
* NM = No mark
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Andrés Arroyo | 800 m | 1:46.75 | 29 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Ryan Sánchez | 800 m | 1:54.46 | 42 | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance |
| Wesley Vázquez | 800 m | 1:45.47 | 3 Q | 1:43:96 | 1 Q | 1:44:48 | 5 |

#### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Luis Castro | High jump | 2.26 | =11 q | 2.19 | 12 |
# Adam Friedrich Zürner

Adam Friedrich Zürner (15 August 1679 – 18 December 1742) was a German cartographer and geometrician. In the 18th century, he served as the royal commissioner for lands and boundaries of the Electorate of Saxony. He produced more than 900 maps.

## Biography

On 15 August 1679, Zürner was born in Marieney [de] as the second son to pastor Adam Zürner. His interest in geography was realized during his homeschooling. He attended the Latin school in Oelsnitz, Vogtland, the gymnasium in Hof, Bavaria, the University of Wittenberg, and then the University of Leipzig in 1703, which he graduated from as Master of Theology in 1704. He served as a pastor in the Großenhain amt.
In 1711, seeking the interest of Augustus II the Strong, he mapped the amt, with it being published in Amsterdam by Peter Schenk the Elder shortly after. His 1712 map of the Tsardom of Russia used Siberia instead of Tartary, a practice that became common. On 12 April 1713, he was commissioned by Augustus to map the entire Electorate of Saxony. On 4 March 1716, he was appointed Churfürstlich Sächsischer Königlich Polnischer Geograph by Augustus; his service secured his membership at the Prussian Academy of Sciences the same year. After 1721, he served as the geographical royal commissioner of the electorate until his death. His assistant was Paul Trenckmann [de] and held correspondence with Johann Christoph Müller [de]. His Neue Chur Sæchsische Post Charte (1715) was published by Moritz Bodenehr [de] and Atlas saxonicus novus by Peter Schenk the Younger, with the latter first surfacing in 1752.

## Sources

* ↑ Edney et al. (2020), p. 1649
* ↑ Hoff, Hebbel E.; Geddes, L. A. (1962). "The Beginnings of Graphic Recording". Isis. 53 (3): 293. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 227784.
* ↑ Edney et al. (2020), p. 1651
* ↑ Edney et al. (2020), p. 1648
* ↑ Edney et al. (2020), pp. 1648–1649
* ↑ Wintle, Michael (2016). "Emergent Nationalism in European Maps of the Eighteenth Century". The Roots of Nationalism. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. p. 276. ISBN 978-94-6298-107-2. JSTOR j.ctv8pzcpr.17.
* ↑ Edney et al. (2020), pp. 1649, 1651

### Bibliography

* Edney, Matthew H.; Pedley, Mary Sponberg; Karrow, Robert W.; Reinhartz, Dennis; Tyacke, Sarah (2020). "Z" (PDF). Cartography in the European Enlightenment. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226339221 – via De Gruyter.
# Public Affairs Committee (Malawi)

Public Affairs Committee (PAC) was founded in 1992 by the religious community and other pressure groups in Malaŵi to enter into a dialogue with Kamuzu Banda's Presidential Committee on Dialogue in the transition period from the one-party to the multiparty system of government in Malaŵi. Most accounts of the transition credit PAC with a major role at this crucial point in the younger history of Malaŵi.
After the referendum on multipartyism was won in 1993 and the first multiparty elections were scheduled to take place in 1994, a number of pressure groups (notably the United Democratic Front and the Alliance for Democracy) split from PAC to form political parties to contest in the elections. PAC has since carried on as an umbrella organisation for the major faith communities represented in the country by the Muslim Association of Malawi, the Quadria Muslim Association of Malawi, the Malawi Council of Churches, the Evangelical Association of Malawi and the Episcopal Conference of Malawi . As such, it is the oldest and most well-known nongovernmental organisation in the country. PAC also is the national chapter of the World Conference on Religion and Peace (WCRP). The organisation’s mission statement is “to mobilise the general public through the religious community and other stakeholders in promoting democracy, development, peace and unity through civic education, mediation and advocacy”. After existing for over a decade, PAC has worked with a large number of partners (both local and international) in pursuance of this mission, and has put into practice a wide variety of activities.
The organisation has a national secretariat in Lilongwe, Malaŵi's capital city.
# Adcox 1-A

The Adcox 1-A was a two-seat open-cockpit biplane built by the students of the US Adcox Aviation Trade School in 1929. Only a single example was constructed.
# Ptychoptera minuta

Ptychoptera minuta is a species of fly in the family Ptychopteridae. It is found in the Palearctic.
# List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 513

This is a list of all the United States Supreme Court cases from volume 513 of the United States Reports:
| Case name | Citation | Date decided |
| In re Whitaker | 513 U.S. 1 | 1994 |
| Austin v. United States | 513 U.S. 5 | 1994 |
| United States v. Shabani | 513 U.S. 10 | 1994 |
| U.S. Bancorp Mortgage Co. v. Bonner Mall Partnership | 513 U.S. 18 | 1994 |
| Hess v. Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation | 513 U.S. 30 | 1994 |
| United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc. | 513 U.S. 64 | 1994 |
| Federal Election Comm'n v. NRA Political Victory Fund | 513 U.S. 88 | 1994 |
| Reich v. Collins | 513 U.S. 106 | 1994 |
| Brown v. Gardner | 513 U.S. 115 | 1994 |
| Nebraska Dept. of Revenue v. Loewenstein | 513 U.S. 123 | 1994 |
| ICC v. Transcon Lines | 513 U.S. 138 | 1995 |
| Tome v. United States | 513 U.S. 150 | 1995 |
| Illinois v. Kentucky | 513 U.S. 177 | 1995 |
| Asgrow Seed Co. v. Winterboer | 513 U.S. 179 | 1995 |
| United States v. Mezzanatto | 513 U.S. 196 | 1995 |
| American Airlines, Inc. v. Wolens | 513 U.S. 219 | 1995 |
| NationsBank of N. C., N. A. v. Variable Annuity Life Ins. Co. | 513 U.S. 251 | 1995 |
| Allied-Bruce Terminix Cos. v. Dobson | 513 U.S. 265 | 1995 |
| Schlup v. Delo | 513 U.S. 298 | 1995 |
| McKennon v. Nashville Banner Publishing Co. | 513 U.S. 352 | 1995 |
| Duncan v. Henry | 513 U.S. 364 | 1995 |
| Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp. | 513 U.S. 374 | 1995 |
| Milwaukee Brewery Workers' Pension Plan v. Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co. | 513 U.S. 414 | 1995 |
| O'Neal v. McAninch | 513 U.S. 432 | 1995 |
| United States v. Treasury Employees | 513 U.S. 454 | 1995 |
| Harris v. Alabama | 513 U.S. 504 | 1995 |
| Jerome B. Grubart, Inc. v. Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co. | 513 U.S. 527 | 1995 |
| Anderson v. Green | 513 U.S. 557 | 1995 |
| Gustafson v. Alloyd Co. | 513 U.S. 561 | 1995 |
| In re Dow Jones & Co. | 513 U.S. 1301 | 1994 |
| O'Connell v. Kirchner | 513 U.S. 1303 | 1995 |
# List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 517

This is a list of all the United States Supreme Court cases from volume 517 of the United States Reports:
| Case name | Citation | Date decided |
| Wisconsin v. City of New York | 517 U.S. 1 | 1996 |
| Barnett Bank of Marion Cty., N. A. v. Nelson | 517 U.S. 25 | 1996 |
| Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida | 517 U.S. 44 | 1996 |
| Morse v. Republican Party of Va. | 517 U.S. 186 | 1996 |
| Rutledge v. United States | 517 U.S. 292 | 1996 |
| O'Connor v. Consolidated Coin Caterers Corp. | 517 U.S. 308 | 1996 |
| Lonchar v. Thomas | 517 U.S. 314 | 1996 |
| Shieh v. Kakita | 517 U.S. 343 | 1996 |
| Bowersox v. Williams | 517 U.S. 345 | 1996 |
| Cooper v. Oklahoma | 517 U.S. 348 | 1996 |
| Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc. | 517 U.S. 370 | 1996 |
| Holly Farms Corp. v. NLRB | 517 U.S. 392 | 1996 |
| Carlisle v. United States | 517 U.S. 416 | 1996 |
| United States v. Armstrong | 517 U.S. 456 | 1996 |
| 44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island | 517 U.S. 484 | 1996 |
| United States v. Noland | 517 U.S. 535 | 1996 |
| Food and Commercial Workers v. Brown Group, Inc. | 517 U.S. 544 | 1996 |
| BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore | 517 U.S. 559 | 1996 |
| Romer v. Evans | 517 U.S. 620 | 1996 |
| Henderson v. United States | 517 U.S. 654 | 1996 |
| Doctor's Associates, Inc. v. Casarotto | 517 U.S. 681 | 1996 |
| Ornelas v. United States | 517 U.S. 690 | 1996 |
| Quackenbush v. Allstate Ins. Co. | 517 U.S. 706 | 1996 |
| Smiley v. Citibank (South Dakota), N. A. | 517 U.S. 735 | 1996 |
| Loving v. United States | 517 U.S. 748 | 1996 |
| Auciello Iron Works, Inc. v. NLRB | 517 U.S. 781 | 1996 |
| Richards v. Jefferson County | 517 U.S. 793 | 1996 |
| Whren v. United States | 517 U.S. 806 | 1996 |
| Degen v. United States | 517 U.S. 820 | 1996 |
| Exxon Co., U.S.A. v. Sofec, Inc. | 517 U.S. 830 | 1996 |
| United States v. International Business Machines Corp. | 517 U.S. 843 | 1996 |
| Lockheed Corp. v. Spink | 517 U.S. 882 | 1996 |
| Shaw v. Hunt | 517 U.S. 899 | 1996 |
| Bush v. Vera | 517 U.S. 952 | 1996 |
| Robinson v. Shell Oil Co. | 517 U.S. 1154 | 1996 |
| Netherland v. Tuggle | 517 U.S. 1301 | 1996 |
# Shota Omine

Shota Omine (大嶺 翔太, Omine Shota, born September 17, 1991 in Ishigaki, Okinawa, Japan) is a retired professional Japanese baseball player. He played infielder for the Chiba Lotte Marines.
His elder brother Yuta is also a professional baseball player currently playing for Marines.
# Puff the Magic Dragon (disambiguation)

Puff the Magic Dragon or variation, may refer to:
* "Puff, the Magic Dragon" (song) is a 1963 song by Peter, Paul and Mary based on the eponymous poem
* "Puff, the Magic Dragon" (poem)" is a 1958 poem by Lenny Lipton, the basis of the eponymous song
* Puff the Magic Dragon (TV franchise), a series of U.S. animated TV specials from Fred Wolf Films
** Puff the Magic Dragon (TV special), a 1978 U.S. animated TV program based on the eponymous song
* Douglas AC-47, a USAF flying gunship nicknamed "Puff the Magic Dragon", named after the song
* Reg Gasnier (1939–2014), an Australian rugby league player who was nicknamed "Puff the Magic Dragon"
# List of United States federal courthouses in Washington

List of United States federal courthouses in Washington may refer to:
* List of United States federal courthouses in Washington (state)
* List of United States federal courthouses in Washington, D.C.
# Pterolophia devittata

Pterolophia devittata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, which was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1927.
# Pterolophia dorsotuberculare

Pterolophia dorsotuberculare is a species of beetles in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Japanese Masao Hayashi in 1984.
# Pulleritsu

Pulleritsu is a village in Viljandi Parish, Viljandi County in Estonia.
# Ptyodactylus dhofarensis

Ptyodactylus dhofarensis is a species of gecko. It is endemic to Oman.
# Ptyodactylus puiseuxi

Ptyodactylus puiseuxi, common names Israeli fan-fingered gecko and Syrian fan-fingered gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Phyllodactylidae. The species is endemic to the Middle East.

## Etymology

The specific name, puiseuxi, is in honor of French astronomer Victor Alexandre Puiseux.

## Description

P. puiseuxi is a medium-sized gecko. It is light to dark brown, with numerous white spots on the dorsal surface. The head is large and triangular. The tail has several white bands, and is shorter than the overall head and body length (snout-to-vent length). The dorsal scales are small and granular.

## Geographic range

P. puiseuxi is found in Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria.

## Habitat and behaviour

P. puiseuxi usually emerges after dark to feed, but can be seen in rocky, shady areas, and near caves.

## Reproduction

P. puiseuxi is oviparous.
# Public call office

A public call office (PCO) is a payphone facility located in a public place in India and Pakistan. It is also another name in the United Kingdom for a public telephone box (postal addresses for these kiosks sometimes include "PCO").

## India

In India, staffed and automated (coin-operated payphone) versions of the service are in existence. BSNL, a public sector corporation, has the largest installation of PCOs in India. Mr. R. L. Dube, a Dept of Telecom officer, introduced concept of PCOs in India. As of 2006 there were about 4.2 million (42 lakh) PCOs operating in India, according to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI).
Private sector operators such as Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Hutch, Idea and Airtel predominantly are prepaid PCO providers and have a moderate number of PCOs in the public landscape.
There are two types of PCOs: landline and wireless. The wireless PCOs use two technologies: CDMA and GSM. Reliance and Tata Indicom are CDMA-based prepaid PCO connection providers. Airtel, Idea and Hutch are GSM-based prepaid PCO connection providers. Initially, the Dept of Telecom, and later BSNL, MTNL and Airtel provided fixed landline postpaid PCO connections. BSNL and MTNL also provide prepaid PCOs.

### PICoF (public Internet café on fiber)

In BSNL, which is the largest public sector telecom company of India, its Bhopal Unit has for the first time started an Internet café on optical fiber. On August 18, 2013, at Neelbadh locality of Bhopal, the chief general manager of MP Unit of BSNL, Mr. N. K. Yadav, and senior general manager of Bhopal Unit, Mr. Mahesh Shukla, inaugurated PICoF (public Internet café on fiber) at the shop of Mr. Deepak Verma, who was previously running an internet café on a broadband connection provided through copper lines.

## Pakistan

In Pakistan, PCOs are provided by Pakistan Telecommunication Company (PTCL), Dancom, Worldcall, and Telecard, amongst others. These companies usually provide calling-card-based domestic and international telecom services.

## US

In the US, staffed and automated (coin-operated payphone) versions of the service are in existence, provided by operators like Verizon and SBC Telecom (credit card operated).
# Showdown at Boot Hill

Showdown at Boot Hill is a 1958 American Western film directed by Gene Fowler Jr., written by Louis Vittes, and starring Charles Bronson, Robert Hutton, John Carradine, Carole Mathews, Fintan Meyler and Paul Maxey. The film was released on May 1, 1958, by 20th Century Fox.
It was the first film Gene Fowler Jr. made for Regal Films.

## Plot

An unusual western plot that is character driven and reaches beyond right/wrong morality, requiring its male and female leads to develop and act on introspection. Bronson portrays a Marshall who has turned bounty hunter explicitly as a reaction to his being "short" and unable to command the allegiance of those he is to protect. His beliefs and lifestyle are challenged by Doc played by John Carradine who sees something of his younger self in this angry man with a gun. Also driving the psychological elements of the film is the Marshall's growing attachment to Jill (Carole Mathews) and her daughter Sally (Fintan Meyler).

## Cast

* Charles Bronson as Luke Welsh
* Robert Hutton as Sloane
* John Carradine as Doc Weber
* Carole Mathews as Jill Crane
* Fintan Meyler as Sally Crane
* Paul Maxey as Judge Wallen
* Thomas Browne Henry as Con Maynor
* William Stevens as Corky
* Martin Smith as Tex
* Joe McGuinn as Mr. Creavy
* George Douglas as Charles Maynor
* Mike Mason as Les Patton
* George Pembroke as Sheriff Hinkle
* Argentina Brunetti as Mrs. Bonaventura
* Ed Wright as Brent
* Stacey Marshall as Saloon Girl
* Shirley Haven as Customer

## Production

The film was shot in late 1957, and gave an early lead role to Charles Bronson.
The film was the first in a series that Gene Fowler Jr. made for Robert L. Lippert. Fowler said "that Lippert experience was wonderful in a way because we had the run of the Fox lot; whatever sets happened to be still standing, we'd use those sets. My partner, Lou Vittes and I, would walk through those sets that had already been used for more expensive pictures than we could make and we would pretty much write the script around those sets."
Parts of the theme song sound similar to the theme from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, directed by John Ford four years later and starring John Wayne, James Stewart and Lee Marvin.
# Rumpa Island

Rumpa Island (69°8′S 39°26′E﻿ / ﻿69.133°S 39.433°E﻿ / -69.133; 39.433) is an island in the east part of Lutzow-Holm Bay, 5 nautical miles (9 km) northwest of Langhovde-kita Point. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Rumpa (the rump).
Ōgi Beach is a beach at the head of the cove in southern Rumpa Island. It was mapped by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE). The name Ōgi-hama, meaning "fan beach," was applied by JARE Headquarters in 1973.
# Aquae Saravenae

Aquae Saravenae was a town of ancient Cappadocia, inhabited during Byzantine times. The Battle of Pankaleia was fought at or near the town.
Its site is located near Kırşehir, Asiatic Turkey.
# Arachnothryx chimboracensis

Arachnothryx chimboracensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
# Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music

The Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music is a center of chamber music performance and teaching, founded in 1971 and situated on 100 acres (40 ha) of fields and woodlands in Nelson, New Hampshire, in the United States.

## History

The Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music was founded in 1971. The Apple Hill String Quartet was founded in 2007, performing both traditional and new music.
In 2015, the Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music won the "CMAcclaim Award" from Chamber Music America.

## About

It is stewarded by the organization's executive director, Javier Caballero, and ensemble-in-residence, the Apple Hill String Quartet. These professional musicians present concerts and educational workshops throughout the world and, during the summer, teach and coach chamber music to participants of all ages and levels at Apple Hill's Chamber Music Workshop.
Each summer, Apple Hill welcomes 300 students and 45 faculty to the Workshop program. Over 12,000 students have attended since the early 1970s.
# Russellville, West Virginia

Russellville is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Russellville is located along West Virginia Route 41, 14.5 miles (23.3 km) south of Summersville.
The community derives its name from an early postmaster named Russell.
# TR4

TR4 may refer to:
* Socket TR4, a CPU socket for AMD processors
* TR4, Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation, the fourth video game in the Tomb Raider series
* TR4, a postal district in the TR postcode area
* TR4, the cow-calf version of the EMD SW7 diesel locomotive
* TR.4, a Canadian turbojet engine
* The TR-4, musician group that recorded with Tommy Rettig
* Travan TR-4, the fourth generation of the Travan mass storage magnetic tape computer backup cartridge
* Triumph TR4, a British sports car
* Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense § Tropical Race 4, a disease of banana plants
# Bulbophyllum longisepalum

Bulbophyllum longisepalum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.