OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Valeriana celtica

Valeriana celtica is a species of plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is also known as Alpine valerian and valerian spikenard. It is endemic to the Eastern Alps (V. celtica subsp. norica) and to the Graian and Pennine Alps. It grows as a perennial herb 5 to 15 cm (2.0–5.9 in) tall. Along with Valeriana saxatilis and Valeriana elongata, it forms a clade of dioecious plants. Until the 1930s, it was extensively harvested for export to Asia for use in perfumes. The root has been used as a folk remedy as a nerve tonic.

## Gallery

* V. celtica from Atlas der Alpenflora, 1882
* V. celtica in the wild
# Valeriana arizonica

Valeriana arizonica, the Arizona valerian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the US states of Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Texas. A perennial forb reaching 45 cm (18 in), it is found growing in coniferous forests at elevations from 1,400 to 2,400 m (4,500 to 8,000 ft).
# Canton of Versailles-2

The canton of Versailles-2 is an administrative division of the Yvelines department, northern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Versailles.
It consists of the following communes:
* Buc
* Jouy-en-Josas
* Les Loges-en-Josas
* Vélizy-Villacoublay
* Versailles (partly)
* Viroflay
# Norrie, Wisconsin

The Town of Norrie is located in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 976 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.1 square miles (91.0 km$^2$), of which 34.5 square miles (89.4 km$^2$) is land and 0.62 square miles (1.6 km$^2$), or 1.79%, is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 967 people, 342 households, and 272 families living in the town. The population density was 27.9 people per square mile (10.8/km$^2$). There were 385 housing units at an average density of 11.1 per square mile (4.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.97% White, 0.41% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.10% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.52%.
Of the 342 households 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.9% were married couples living together, 4.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.7% of households were one person and 8.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.14.
The age distribution was 29.0% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.8 males.
The median household income was $48,472 and the median family income was $55,227. Males had a median income of $32,917 versus $25,083 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,330. About 3.6% of families and 3.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.7% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.
44°53′08″N 89°15′15″W﻿ / ﻿44.88556°N 89.25417°W﻿ / 44.88556; -89.25417
# Norrie, Colorado

Norrie (also known as the Norrie Colony) is a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Pitkin County, Colorado, United States. The population of the Norrie CDP was 7 at the United States Census 2020. The Meredith post office (Zip Code 81642) serves the area. The CDP is a part of the Glenwood Springs, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Norrie was originally settled in the late 1880s. It began as a camp for railroad workers building the Colorado Midland Railway route along the Fryingpan River. The workers harvested trees used in the railroad construction, and they made ice in the local ponds, ice used in the railroad's refrigerator cars. Now, many privately-owned summer cabins line the community's quiet streets.

## Geography

The Norrie CDP has an area of 120 acres (0.487 km$^2$), all land.

## Climate

The weather station at Nast Lake is 3 miles (4.83 km) south-east of Norrie, at an elevation of 8,700 feet (2,652 m).
Climate data for Nast Lake, Colorado, 1991–2020 normals, 1985-2020 extremes: 8700ft (2652m) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 67 (19) | 63 (17) | 75 (24) | 76 (24) | 87 (31) | 91 (33) | 94 (34) | 93 (34) | 88 (31) | 80 (27) | 71 (22) | 51 (11) | 94 (34) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 52 (11) | 55 (13) | 61 (16) | 67 (19) | 77 (25) | 84 (29) | 87 (31) | 85 (29) | 81 (27) | 72 (22) | 61 (16) | 51 (11) | 88 (31) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 36.5 (2.5) | 40.2 (4.6) | 47.5 (8.6) | 52.5 (11.4) | 62.4 (16.9) | 74.0 (23.3) | 79.2 (26.2) | 76.0 (24.4) | 69.4 (20.8) | 57.6 (14.2) | 45.2 (7.3) | 36.1 (2.3) | 56.4 (13.5) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 19.1 (−7.2) | 22.3 (−5.4) | 30.1 (−1.1) | 36.5 (2.5) | 45.0 (7.2) | 53.7 (12.1) | 59.3 (15.2) | 57.1 (13.9) | 50.5 (10.3) | 40.3 (4.6) | 29.2 (−1.6) | 19.2 (−7.1) | 38.5 (3.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 1.4 (−17.0) | 4.2 (−15.4) | 12.5 (−10.8) | 20.4 (−6.4) | 28.3 (−2.1) | 33.5 (0.8) | 39.4 (4.1) | 38.0 (3.3) | 31.5 (−0.3) | 23.0 (−5.0) | 12.7 (−10.7) | 2.2 (−16.6) | 20.6 (−6.3) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −18 (−28) | −16 (−27) | −7 (−22) | 5 (−15) | 19 (−7) | 26 (−3) | 32 (0) | 31 (−1) | 22 (−6) | 7 (−14) | −8 (−22) | −18 (−28) | −21 (−29) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −32 (−36) | −31 (−35) | −20 (−29) | −7 (−22) | 8 (−13) | 19 (−7) | 19 (−7) | 12 (−11) | 7 (−14) | −10 (−23) | −23 (−31) | −32 (−36) | −32 (−36) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.10 (53) | 1.99 (51) | 2.18 (55) | 2.64 (67) | 1.81 (46) | 0.90 (23) | 1.46 (37) | 1.54 (39) | 1.29 (33) | 1.54 (39) | 1.86 (47) | 1.83 (46) | 21.14 (536) |
| Source 1: XMACIS2 ||||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (Precipitation) ||||||||||||||

## Demographics

The United States Census Bureau initially defined the Norrie CDP for the United States Census 2010.
# Valentine Lawless, 4th Baron Cloncurry

Valentine Lawless, 4th Baron Cloncurry (2 November 1840 – 12 February 1928) was an Irish nobleman.
Valentine was the eldest son of Edward Lawless, 3rd Baron Cloncurry, and his wife Elizabeth (née Kirwan). His sister was the noted writer and scientist Emily Lawless. Valentine was educated at Eton College and in 1861 graduated from Balliol College, Oxford with a B.A. He was appointed captain of the Kildare militia in 1860 and was High Sheriff of Kildare in 1867. He succeeded to the barony in April 1869, aged 28, after his father's suicide. Valentine married Laura Sophia Priscilla Winn, daughter of Rowland Winn, 1st Baron St Oswald on 23 January 1883; they had two daughters:
* The Hon. Mary Hermione Lawless (1886–1922)
* The Hon. Kathleen Emily Marie Lawless (1888–1957)
Laura (Baroness Cloncurry) died in 1891.
Politically, the 4th baron was a Unionist, and during the Land War (1879–82) he was chairman of the Property Defence Association, an organisation set up by landlords to oppose the Land League, which he considered an "organised combination to defraud." Fearing assassination on the winding local roads, he built the "Lord's Road", a straight road from Lyons Hill to Hazelhatch railway station.
In 1921 he attended the first meeting of the short-lived Senate of Southern Ireland.
He lived at the family seats at Lyons Castle, County Kildare; Abington, County Limerick; and "Maretimo" in Blackrock, Dublin. He died in 1928 and, as he had no sons, was succeeded by his younger brother Frederick. He was High Sheriff of Kildare in 1867.
# Sinh

Sinh may refer to:
* Hyperbolic sine, abbreviated as sinh, a mathematical function
* Sinh (clothing), a traditional women's garment from Southeast Asia
* Singh, an Indian title and personal name
* Sinhala script (ISO 15924 abbreviation: Sinh)
# Anders Andersen-Lundby

Anders Andersen-Lundby (December 16, 1841 – January 4, 1923) was a Danish landscape painter. He was most associated with winter landscapes.

## Biography

Anders Andersen-Lundby was born in Lundby, Denmark. He grew up in Lundby near Aalborg. In 1861, when he was twenty, Andersen-Lundby traveled to Copenhagen, and there he exhibited his works for the first time in 1864. By 1870, he gained popularity especially with his winter landscapes from both Denmark and southern Germany, most often with fallen snow or thaw.
In 1876, he moved to Munich with his family where he exhibited his paintings. He frequently visited Denmark and participated in exhibitions there. He exhibited at the Charlottenborg Spring Exhibition 1864–1913.

## Personal life

In 1865, he married Thora Adelheid Børgesen (1842–1911). He died in Munich in 1923.

## Gallery

* Winter's Day near the Sound
* River running through a forest
* Wintery landscape with a farmer leading a horsewagon
* Winter day at the lake
# Stanina Reka

Stanina Reka is a village in the municipality of Valjevo, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 421 people.
* Stanina Reka - panorama
* Stanina Reka - panorama
* Stanina Reka - panorama
* Stanina Reka - panorama
* Stanina Reka - panorama
* Stanina Reka - panorama
# Rossend Perelló

Rossend Perelló i Casellas (Gironella, 1912 — Barcelona, 13 April 1976) was a Catalan writer.
He took part in several literature contests. He had three children with his wife Maria Assumpta Losa Ortiz de Arril: Maria Rosa, Esperança and Carles.

## Prizes

* Flor Natural, Jocs Florals de Montblanc, 1956
* Premi Joan Santamaria, 1960, Bob, fanalet vermell.

## Works
### Poetry

* L'enyor i les noces (1935)
* Camí de Maria (1948)
* Bonics (1952)

### Novel

* El president signa els dimarts (1954)

### Theatre

* Tres de servei (1958)
# Solange Paiva Vieira

Solange Paiva Vieira is a Brazilian economist. She has held positions in economic policy and regulation at the Brazilian Development Bank and The Ministry of Social Security. She is a past Director of the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil, and in 2019 she was named the Superintendent of the Brazilian Federal Private Insurance Agency (Pt).

## Education

Vieira was born in Valença, in the interior of the state of Rio de Janeiro. She attended the Federal University of Juiz de Fora in Minas Gerais, where she earned a BA degree in economics. She then studied economics as a graduate student at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas. During Vieira's work for her master's degree at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas, her supervisor was Sérgio Werlang, the former director of the Central Bank in the administration of Fernando Henrique Cardoso.

## Career

After completing her graduate work in economics, Vieira became a professor of economics at The Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, as well as at The Universidade Candido Mendes.

### Public service

In 1993, Vieira joined the Brazilian Development Bank. There she worked as a technician focusing on the areas of credit, planning and finance. She became the Manager in the area of credit and a manager of the financial and international areas. She also worked as an advisor to the President during the leadership of Andrea Sandro Calabi, from July 1999 to February 2000. She left her position when Calabi left, rather than continue and advise his successor Francisco Roberto André Gros.
Vieira then worked at the Ministry of Social Security. One of her accomplishments there was the fator previdenciário, a formula that ties the retirement age to life expectancy in Brazil.
In 2008, she was appointed to the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil by the Minister of Defense, Nelson Jobim. There she was largely responsible for regulatory updates and rollouts of policy, and particularly for ending a series of crises that plagued the Aviation Department before she held the job, which had been branded caos aéreo (aerial chaos).
In 2019, Vieira was appointed the superintendent of the Brazilian Federal Private Insurance Agency. Though her position was largely focused on administrative efficiency, a substantial portion of her role was managing the country's social security policies through the social and economic fallout of the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic.
# The Corruption of Mercy

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Lords of Metal | (9.1/10) |
The Corruption of Mercy is the second album by English metal vocalist Sarah Jezebel Deva. Originally planned for release on 20 June 2011, it was delayed till 27 June 2011, due to artwork issues. The album features a cover track originally by Irish band The Cranberries. On the American and Canadian releases, the cover song is "Frozen" by Madonna.
# Tiga GC288

The Tiga GC288 is a sports prototype race car, designed, developed, and built by British manufacturer Tiga Race Cars, for sports car racing, conforming to the Group C2/IMSA GTP Lights rules and regulations, in 1988.
# Peleng leaf warbler

The Peleng leaf warbler (Phylloscopus suaramerdu) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Phylloscopidae. It was first described in 2020. The species name is derived from "suara merdu" in Indonesian, translating as "melodious voice", referring to the pleasing vocalizations of this bird. This leaf warbler is restricted to the highland forests of western Peleng in the Banggai Archipelago, in Indonesia at elevations above 700m, reaching the highest island altitude above 1000m.
# Thukima

Thukima is a village development committee in the Himalayas of Taplejung District in the Province No. 1 of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2535 people living in 486 individual households.
# Ticker (play)

Ticker is a one person play written and performed by Tom Machell. In May 2019, it previewed at various London Theatre venues including Theatre 503 and The Bunker Theatre before heading to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival. The play premiered in August at Underbelly, Cowgate. In November 2019, the production transferred to Alphabetti Theatre in Newcastle upon Tyne and in 2021 to The Turbine Theatre at Battersea Power Station. The play was printed by PlayDead Press and Produced By Fight In The Dog in association with United Agents.
The play was directed and developed by Derek Anderson with original compositions and sound design by Holly Khan.

## Plot

Ticker follows twenty-something Spencer, a Geordie millennial who is deeply in love with the inestimable Gabi. But Spencers life is torn apart by Gabi's untimely—and unexplained—death. How can he even begin to cope with finding himself suddenly a prime suspect and a chief mourner? Themes of outsider grief and loneliness meet black-humour and frank dialogue, exploring male identity, toxic aggression, and how not talking about things can eventually lead to self-destruction.

## Reception and coverage

The play received a number of five-star reviews, with Narc magazine describing it as "dark themes of death, grief and loneliness are paired with satirical, playful black humour; expect sharp and witty dialogue delivered with emotion and vulnerability and executed in what is sure to be a stand out lead performance from Tom Machell."
The Scottish Sunday Post posted an article about the play and the impact it had on getting young people to get their hearts tested.
The play partnered with Cardiac Risk In The Young to raise awareness and funds for the charity.
The play was dedicated to Machell's friend Stephanie Mclean who died of a heart condition aged 24.
# Periakaruppur

Periyakaruppur is a village in the Srirangam taluk of Tiruchirappalli district in Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Periyakaruppur had a population of 1,333 with 682 males and 651 females. The sex ratio was 955 and the literacy rate, 74.32.
# Peristeria (plant)

Peristeria is a genus of plants of the family Orchidaceae commonly called dove orchid or Holy Ghost orchid. In line with the common name, the genus' name is from the Greek word peristerion meaning "from dove". According to the Royal Horticultural Society, Per is the official orchid abbreviation for this genus. In nature, it is found across much of South America as well as in Panama, Costa Rica and Trinidad.
Peristeria elata is the national flower of Panama and is extremely over-collected in its native habitat. This over collection has led to its status as a species threatened with extinction delineated in Appendix I of CITES. In its native habitat, Peristeria can usually be found growing near the edge of hardwood forests. In the fall, after the trees in the hardwood forest lose their leaves, the plants are exposed to full sun throughout the cool, dry winter. Species in this genus are either epiphytic or terrestrial in growth habit.

## Species

| Scientific name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
| Peristeria aspersa Rolfe 1890 | Brazil (Amazonas), Venezuela, French Guiana | |
| Peristeria cerina Lindl. 1837 | Panama to Trinidad and Brazil (Pará) | 200–1,000 metres (660–3,280 ft) |
| Peristeria cochlearis Garay 1972 | Colombia | 0 metres (0 ft) |
| Peristeria elata Hook. 1831 | Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panamá, Venezuela | 100–700 metres (330–2,300 ft) |
| Peristeria ephippium Rchb.f. 1883 | Colombia to Venezuela (Amazonas) | |
| Peristeria esperanzae P.Ortiz 2008 | Colombia. | 200 metres (660 ft) |
| Peristeria guttata Knowles & Westc. 1838 | Bolivia, Brazil North, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela | 400 metres (1,300 ft) |
| Peristeria leucoxantha Garay 1954 | Colombia (Cauca), Ecuador | |
| Peristeria lindenii Rolfe 1891 | Ecuador to Peru | 800–1,000 metres (2,600–3,300 ft) |
| Peristeria oscarii-rodrigoi Archila, Szlach. & Kolan. 2015 | Guatemala. | |
| Peristeria pendula Hook. 1836 | Brazil (Amazonas, Pará), Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela | 500–1,500 metres (1,600–4,900 ft) |
| Peristeria selligera Rchb.f. 1887 | Guyana | |
| Peristeria serroniana (Barb.Rodr.) Garay 1954 | Brazil (Pará) | |
# Periamphispora

Periamphispora is a genus of fungi within the Lasiosphaeriaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Periamphispora phacelodes.
# Tim Ealey

Eric Herbert Mitchell "Tim" Ealey, 29 March 1927 - 21 October 2020, was an Australian biologist, known for his contributions to science, the environment and conservation awareness and was the recipient of a Medal of the Order of Australia. Ealey has received international recognition for his works, and nationally acknowledged for a program that involved schools in rehabilitation of the environment. Ealey was commemorated in the specific epithet of a tiny marsupial, Ningaui timealeyi, he discovered in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Amongst his works was research on the monotreme family of Tachyglossidae, the species of echidnas. Ealey worked for the Antarctic Division in the 1950s, researching the fauna of Heard Island. The Ealey Glacier there is named after him.
# Comologno

Comologno is a village and former municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland.
In 1995 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Crana and Russo to form a new and larger municipality Onsernone.
The municipality also contained the villages Vocaglia, Corbella, Cappellino and Spruga.

## History

Comologno is first mentioned in 1438 as Comolognium.
During the Ancien Régime, Comologno belonged to the Squadra of Crana, which together with the other villages of the valley (with the exception of Auressio) formed the medieval municipality of Onsernone. With the establishment of the Canton of Ticino in 1803, Comologno became an independent municipality.
Comologno formed an independent parish in 1715, when it separated from Russo. The parish church of San Giovanni Battista, was built in 1668–1697.
With the emergence and development of rye straw processing in the 19th century, the population of Comologno increased rapidly. However, in the following century, the decline of farming, animal husbandry and straw craft led to a rapid population decline. Most of the working population works in industrial or service enterprises in the valley or commute to work in the agglomeration of Locarno. Many residents emigrated to other countries in search of work. Several families became wealthy in foreign countries, and used that wealth to build stately mansions in Comologno. The largest is from the Remonda family, who in the second half of the 18th century, became wealthy in France. Another notable mansion is the Palazzo (or Castello) della Barca which was acquired in the 1930s by Vladimir Rosenbaum for his wife Aline Valangin, a writer and artist. It soon became a haven for artists and well-known anti-fascists, including Ignazio Silone, Ernesto Rossi, Kurt Tucholsky, Hans Marchwitza, Ernesto Bonaiuti, Max Terpis, Elias Canetti, Wladimir Vogel and Jean-Paul Samson. Since the early 1970s, at the suggestion of the Associazione Amici di Comologno, various artists have decorated houses in the village with frescos.

## Historic population

The historical population is given in the following table:
| Year | Population Comologno |
| 1719 | 182 |
| 1795 | 253 |
| 1808 | 333 |
| 1850 | 440 |
| 1900 | 624 |
| 1950 | 477 |
| 1960 | 281 |
| 1990 | 142 |
# Comontorius

Comontorius was a Celtic king in Thrace who in 278 BC founded the kingdom of Tylis, imposing a tribute on the city of Byzantium. His successor on the throne was Cavarus under whom Tylis was destroyed by the Thracians in 212 BC.
# Conditional quantifier

In logic, a conditional quantifier is a kind of Lindström quantifier (or generalized quantifier) Q$_A$ that, relative to a classical model A, satisfies some or all of the following conditions ("X" and "Y" range over arbitrary formulas in one free variable):
| | | Q$_A$ X X | [reflexivity] |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ X (Y∧X) | [right conservativity] |
| Q$_A$ X (Y∧X) | ⇒ | Q$_A$ X Y | [left conservativity] |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ X (Y∨Z) | [positive confirmation] |
| Q$_A$ X (Y∧Z) | ⇒ | Q$_A$ (X∧Y) Z |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ (X∨Z) (Y∨Z) | [positive and negative confirmation] |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ (¬X) (¬Y) | [contraposition] |
| Q$_A$ X Y ∧ Q$_A$ Y Z | ⇒ | Q$_A$ X Z | [transitivity] |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ (X∧Z) Y | [weakening] |
| Q$_A$ X Y ∧ Q$_A$ X Z | ⇒ | Q$_A$ X (Y∧Z) | [conjunction] |
| Q$_A$ X Z ∧ Q$_A$ Y Z | ⇒ | Q$_A$ (X∨Y) Z | [disjunction] |
| Q$_A$ X Y | ⇒ | Q$_A$ Y X | [symmetry]. |
(The implication arrow denotes material implication in the metalanguage.) The minimal conditional logic M is characterized by the first six properties, and stronger conditional logics include some of the other ones. For example, the quantifier ∀$_A$, which can be viewed as set-theoretic inclusion, satisfies all of the above except [symmetry]. Clearly [symmetry] holds for ∃$_A$ while e.g. [contraposition] fails.
A semantic interpretation of conditional quantifiers involves a relation between sets of subsets of a given structure—i.e. a relation between properties defined on the structure. Some of the details can be found in the article Lindström quantifier.
Conditional quantifiers are meant to capture certain properties concerning conditional reasoning at an abstract level. Generally, it is intended to clarify the role of conditionals in a first-order language as they relate to other connectives, such as conjunction or disjunction. While they can cover nested conditionals, the greater complexity of the formula, specifically the greater the number of conditional nesting, the less helpful they are as a methodological tool for understanding conditionals, at least in some sense. Compare this methodological strategy for conditionals with that of first-degree entailment logics.