OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2013

The Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2013 (S. 42) is a bill that would protect whistleblowers who report violations of United States antitrust law. The bill would have whistleblowers first file a retaliation claim with the United States Department of Labor before going to federal court. The bill passed the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.

## Background

The bill was written in response to a July 2011 report from the Government Accountability Office on whistleblowing and price fixing.

## Provisions of the bill

This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source.
The Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2013 would prohibit discharging or in any other manner discriminating against a whistleblower in terms and conditions of employment because: (1) the whistleblower provided information to the employer or the federal government concerning a violation of antitrust law or another criminal law committed in conjunction with a potential violation of antitrust law; or (2) the whistleblower participated in, or otherwise assisted, an investigation relating to such a violation.
The bill would allow a whistleblower who alleges discharge or other discrimination to seek relief: (1) by filing a complaint with the Secretary of Labor; or (2) if the Secretary has not issued a final decision within 180 days of filing such complaint, to bring an action at law or equity.
The bill would entitle a whistleblower who prevails in any such action to all relief necessary to make such whistleblower whole.

## Procedural history
### Senate

The Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2013 was introduced into the Senate on January 22, 2013 by Sen. Patrick J. Leahy (D, VT). It was referred to the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary. On November 4, 2013, the Senate voted to pass the bill with unanimous consent.

## Debate and discussion

The National Whistleblowers Center supported the bill and encouraged readers to write to their Senators about the bill. The executive director Stephen Kohn said that "this bill is a major step forward in plugging a loophole in the patchwork of whistleblower protection that currently exists."
# Ak Bars

Ak Bars may refer to:
* Aq Bars (or Ak Bars), the emblem of Tatarstan.
* Ak Bars Kazan, a Russian professional ice hockey team based in Kazan.
* Ak Bars Holding, a Russian financial concern
** Ak Bars Bank, its principle holding
# Salmacina

Salmacina is a genus of marine polychaete worms in the family Serpulidae. The type taxon is Salmacina incrustans Claparède, 1870.

## Species

The following species are classified in this genus:
* Salmacina amphidentata Jones, 1962
* Salmacina australis Haswell, 1885
* Salmacina ceciliae Nogueira & ten Hove, 2000
* Salmacina dysteri (Huxley, 1855)
* Salmacina huxleyi (Ehlers, 1887)
* Salmacina incrustans Claparède, 1870
* Salmacina piranga (Grube, 1872)
* Salmacina setosa Langerhans, 1884
* Salmacina tribranchiata (Moore, 1923)
# Axiom A

In mathematics, Smale's axiom A defines a class of dynamical systems which have been extensively studied and whose dynamics is relatively well understood. A prominent example is the Smale horseshoe map. The term "axiom A" originates with Stephen Smale. The importance of such systems is demonstrated by the chaotic hypothesis, which states that, 'for all practical purposes', a many-body thermostatted system is approximated by an Anosov system.

## Definition

Let M be a smooth manifold with a diffeomorphism f: M→M. Then f is an axiom A diffeomorphism if the following two conditions hold:
* The nonwandering set of f, Ω(f), is a hyperbolic set and compact.
* The set of periodic points of f is dense in Ω(f).
For surfaces, hyperbolicity of the nonwandering set implies the density of periodic points, but this is no longer true in higher dimensions. Nonetheless, axiom A diffeomorphisms are sometimes called hyperbolic diffeomorphisms, because the portion of M where the interesting dynamics occurs, namely, Ω(f), exhibits hyperbolic behavior.
Axiom A diffeomorphisms generalize Morse–Smale systems, which satisfy further restrictions (finitely many periodic points and transversality of stable and unstable submanifolds). Smale horseshoe map is an axiom A diffeomorphism with infinitely many periodic points and positive topological entropy.

## Properties

Any Anosov diffeomorphism satisfies axiom A. In this case, the whole manifold M is hyperbolic (although it is an open question whether the non-wandering set Ω(f) constitutes the whole M).
Rufus Bowen showed that the non-wandering set Ω(f) of any axiom A diffeomorphism supports a Markov partition. Thus the restriction of f to a certain generic subset of Ω(f) is conjugated to a shift of finite type.
The density of the periodic points in the non-wandering set implies its local maximality: there exists an open neighborhood U of Ω(f) such that
    $\cap _{n\in \mathbb {Z} }f^{n}(U)=\Omega (f).$

## Omega stability

An important property of Axiom A systems is their structural stability against small perturbations. That is, trajectories of the perturbed system remain in 1-1 topological correspondence with the unperturbed system. This property is important, in that it shows that Axiom A systems are not exceptional, but are in a sense 'robust'.
More precisely, for every C$^1$-perturbation f$_ε$ of f, its non-wandering set is formed by two compact, f$_ε$-invariant subsets Ω$_1$ and Ω$_2$. The first subset is homeomorphic to Ω(f) via a homeomorphism h which conjugates the restriction of f to Ω(f) with the restriction of f$_ε$ to Ω$_1$:
    $f_{\epsilon }\circ h(x)=h\circ f(x),\quad \forall x\in \Omega (f).$
If Ω$_2$ is empty then h is onto Ω(f$_ε$). If this is the case for every perturbation f$_ε$ then f is called omega stable. A diffeomorphism f is omega stable if and only if it satisfies axiom A and the no-cycle condition (that an orbit, once having left an invariant subset, does not return).
# Sphenomegacorona

In geometry, the sphenomegacorona is a Johnson solid with 16 equilateral triangles and 2 squares as its faces.

## Properties

The sphenomegacorona was named by Johnson (1966) in which he used the prefix spheno- referring to a wedge-like complex formed by two adjacent lunes—a square with equilateral triangles attached on its opposite sides. The suffix -megacorona refers to a crownlike complex of 12 triangles, contrasted with the smaller triangular complex that makes the sphenocorona. By joining both complexes, the resulting polyhedron has 16 equilateral triangles and 2 squares, making 18 faces. All of its faces are regular polygons, categorizing the sphenomegacorona as a Johnson solid—a convex polyhedron in which all of the faces are regular polygons—enumerated as the 88th Johnson solid $J_{88}$. It is an elementary polyhedron, meaning it cannot be separated by a plane into two small regular-faced polyhedra.
The surface area of a sphenomegacorona $A$ is the total of polygonal faces' area—16 equilateral triangles and 2 squares. The volume of a sphenomegacorona is obtained by finding the root of a polynomial, and its decimal expansion—denoted as $\xi$—is given by A334114. With edge length $a$, its surface area and volume can be formulated as: ${\begin{aligned}A&=\left(2+4{\sqrt {3}}\right)a^{2}&\approx 8.928a^{2},\\V&=\xi a^{3}&\approx 1.948a^{3}.\end{aligned}}$

## Cartesian coordinates

Let $k\approx 0.59463$ be the smallest positive root of the polynomial $1680x^{16}-4800x^{15}-3712x^{14}+17216x^{13}+1568x^{12}-24576x^{11}+2464x^{10}+17248x^{9}-3384x^{8}-5584x^{7}+2000x^{6}+240x^{5}-776x^{4}+304x^{3}+200x^{2}-56x-23.$ Then, Cartesian coordinates of a sphenomegacorona with edge length 2 are given by the union of the orbits of the points ${\begin{aligned}&\left(0,1,2{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}\right),\,(2k,1,0),\,\left(0,{\frac {\sqrt {3-4k^{2}}}{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}}+1,{\frac {1-2k^{2}}{\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}}\right),\\&\left(1,0,-{\sqrt {2+4k-4k^{2}}}\right),\,\left(0,{\frac {{\sqrt {3-4k^{2}}}\left(2k^{2}-1\right)}{\left(k^{2}-1\right){\sqrt {1-k^{2}}}}}+1,{\frac {2k^{4}-1}{\left(1-k^{2}\right)^{\frac {3}{2}}}}\right)\end{aligned}}$ under the action of the group generated by reflections about the xz-plane and the yz-plane.
# Spanish television

Spanish television may refer to:
* Television in Spain
* Televisión Española, the national state-owned public-service television broadcaster in Spain.
# Live: Ballad of an Outlaw Woman

Live: Ballad of an Outlaw Woman is the second album by Australian alternative country musician Anne McCue, and released in November 2002. It was recorded during an opening set for Lucinda Williams at The Fillmore in San Francisco, California. McCue provides solo vocals and unaccompanied plays both electric and acoustic guitar. Of its nine tracks, six were not previously released, she includes cover versions of "Voodoo Chile (Slight Return)" (originally by Jimi Hendrix) and "Empty Bed Blues" (Bessie Smith), and seven original tracks. The album was re-issued on Nightshade Records in the United States in 2003. McCue gave a copy of this live album to Dusty Washington who became her bass guitarist and co-producer of her next album, Roll (2003). In 2004 McCue planned to record a music video for "Ballad of an Outlaw Woman" at Washington's farm near the Joshua Tree National Park.

## Track listing

* "Ballad of an Outlaw Woman" – 5:33
* "My Only One" – 3:23
* "These Things" – 5:32
* "Voodoo Chile (Slight Return)" – 3:59
* "Tiny Little Song" – 4:38
* "Empty Bed Blues" – 3:31
* "Riding Away" – 6:58
* "Fitzroy Blues" – 4:08
* "Let It Glow" – 3:38
# Ribes diacanthum

Ribes diacanthum, the Siberian currant, is an Asian species of currant. It is native to northeastern Asia (Russia, Mongolia, Korea, northeastern China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia)). The species is also sparingly naturalised in the Canadian Province of Manitoba, having escaped in the 1940s from an agricultural experiment station near Brandon.
Ribes diacanthum is a shrub up to 2 meters (80 in) tall, dioecious (with male and female flowers on different plants). Flowers are yellow-green. Fruits are red, spherical, and reportedly good-tasting.
# Ribes de Freser

Ribes de Freser (Catalan pronunciation:) is a municipality in the comarca of the Ripollès in Girona, Catalonia. It is situated at the confluence of the Freser, Rigard and Segadell rivers, 14 km (8.7 mi) north of Ripoll. It is known for its mineral water, paper manufacture and milk products, and is also an important tourist centre. A rack railway runs from the town to Queralbs and to the shrine of Núria, through the Vall de Núria. The town is on the communication route from Barcelona to Puigcerdà (N-152 road and RENFE railway line). One of the largest celebrations in Ribes de Freser is the Festival of Saint Joseph where children and adults enjoy a ceremony put on by the church and then play with fireworks around a great bonfire set in the middle of the town square. The town is home to the families of some of the historically oldest living Spanish individuals in the nation, such examples are the families of Maria Branyas, the previous oldest living person, and Ana María Vela Rubio.
The natural mineral water Aigua de Ribes comes from the spring located in Ribes de Freser, Girona, Spain where it is also bottled.

## Demography

| 1900 | 1930 | 1950 | 1970 | 1986 | 2005 |
| 1699 | 2965 | 3564 | 3133 | 2627 | 2044 |
# Almen

Almen is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is in the municipality Lochem, about 7 km east of the city of Zutphen.
It was first mentioned in 1188 as Almen, and means "settlement near elm trees". Castle Ehze was built around 1300. It was destroyed during the Dutch Revolt and rebuilt in 1647. In 1816, it was demolished and replaced by an estate in 1831. In 1840, it was home to 456 people.

## Gallery

* Estate Groot Have
* Castle Ehze (1743-1745)
* Bridge over the Twentekanaal
* Farms in Almen
# Spink Colony, South Dakota

Spink Colony is a census-designated place (CDP) and Hutterite colony in Spink County, South Dakota, United States. It was first listed as a CDP before the 2020 census. The population of the CDP was 135 at the 2020 Census.
It is in the southern part of the county, on the east side of the James River. It is 9 miles (14 km) south of Frankfort and 20 miles (32 km) by road southeast of Redfield, the county seat.
The Old Spink Colony, part of the CDP, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# Allanagar

Allanagar is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Koppal taluk of Koppal district in Karnataka.
According to the 2011 Census, Allanagar has a total population of 1,212 people, with 627 males and 585 females. Allanagar consists of 257 households. The literacy rate in Allanagar stands at 67.34%, with male literacy at 75.05% and female literacy at 59.17%.
# Allente

Allente is a satellite television provider in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The company is headquartered in Oslo and Stockholm and was established on 5 May 2020, as a result of a merger between Canal Digital and Viasat Consumer. The company has around 1,2 million customers and is owned 50/50 by Telenor, which owned Canal Digital, and Nordic Entertainment Group, now Viaplay Group, which owned Viasat. Allente television package is also available via IPTV offered through partners. Additionally, Allente offers wireless broadband in Norway and Sweden.
# Allograpta

Allograpta is a very large and diverse genus of hoverflies present throughout the world except most of the palearctic region. The adults are brightly coloured flower pollinators and most larvae have a predatory feeding mode involving soft-bodied sternorrhynchans. Certain species have diverged from this and their larvae have been found to be leaf-miners, stem-borers or pollen-feeders.
Allograpta is currently being studied using both molecular and morphological methods to produce a robust phylogeny of the genus and its related genera. Preliminary studies show the genus to be monophyletic with the genera Sphaerophoria and Exallandra placed within which obviously complicates matters. A more complete review is needed before any major taxonomic changes can occur i.e. splitting the genus up or incorporating related genera, though the former subgenus Fazia was elevated to genus in 2020.
# Spencer-Nairn

Spencer-Nairn is a British double-barrelled surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Douglas Spencer-Nairn (1906–1970), Scottish politician
* Tara Spencer-Nairn (born 1978), Canadian actress
* Spencer-Nairn baronets
# Richard Sutcliffe (engineer)

Richard Sutcliffe (26 January 1849 – 23 July 1930) was an Irish mining engineer and inventor, active in England.
He was born on a farm in County Tipperary and worked at coal mines in Ireland between 1857 and 1885. He moved to Barnsley, England in August 1885. In 1892 he invented the world's first coal cutting machine. In 1905 he invented the world's first underground conveyor belt. This invention revolutionized the mining industry by greatly reducing the amount of labour needed to transport coal. His company, Richard Sutcliffe Ltd., based in Horbury near Wakefield pioneered the manufacture of conveyor belts used in the mining and assembly line industries. His company devised many other types of mining equipment. His company also produced four documentaries about the manufacturing industry, directed by Lindsay Anderson between 1948 and 1954.
After his death, his children took over his business which was later bought out by a larger company. Today, his descendants run a company that manufactures playground equipment.

## References and further reading

* ↑ "Castlecomer Plateau | Mining Equipment And Inventions". Ask about Ireland. Archived from the original on 18 May 2006. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
* Sutcliffe, Richard Joseph Sutcliffe, Edward D. Richard Sutcliffe: The Pioneer of Underground Belt Conveying. Surrey, UK: R.W. Simpson & Co, 1948
# Allín

Allín is a town and municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarra, northern Spain.
# Richard Humpton

Richard Humpton (1733 – 1804) was an officer in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

## Formative years and family

Born in Yorkshire, England in 1733, Humpton was a son of Richard Humpton and Dorothy Grindall. He married Elizabeth Morris but the couple had no children.
Humpton purchased a captain's commission in the Royal Army and fought in the Raid on St Malo during the Seven Years' War. While posted in the West Indies, he resigned his commission and moved to the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania.

## American Revolution

At the beginning of the American Revolutionary War he offered his services to the patriot cause and was named a lieutenant colonel in 1776. Later that year he became colonel commanding the 11th Pennsylvania Regiment. Tasked with collecting boats on the Delaware River, his attention to this assignment materially helped the Americans win the Battle of Trenton in December 1776.
He commanded the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade at Brandywine and Paoli in September 1777. After bringing charges against Anthony Wayne for Paoli, he led the 2nd Brigade at Germantown in October. He was present at Monmouth and assumed command of the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment shortly afterward.
In January 1781, he took command of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment and two years later he transferred to lead the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment. He received a brevet promotion to brigadier general in September 1783 and retired to his farm.
He later served as adjutant general of the state militia and was a member of the Society of the Cincinnati.

## Death an interment

Humpton died in 1804 and was buried in the Friends Meeting cemetery in Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.
# London's Burning

London's Burning may refer to:
* "London's Burning" (round), a nursery rhyme derived from the Great Fire of London
* "London's Burning" (The Clash song), a song by the Clash
* London's Burning (film), a 2011 British television film
* London's Burning (TV series), a television series about fire fighters in London
* London's Burning (audio drama), based on the American television series Dark Shadows
* London's Burning (game), a World War II-based board game
* London Burning: Portraits from a Creative City, a 2015 photography book
# Lona, Samoa

Lona is a village on the island of Upolu in Samoa. It is situated on the north east coast of the island in the political district of Va'a-o-Fonoti.
The population is 237.
# Richard T. Kight

Brigadier General Richard T. Kight (October 18, 1913 – June 17, 2001) was commander of the U.S. Air Rescue Service from 1946 to 1952, and penned the Code of an Air Rescueman: It is my duty as a Air Rescueman to save life and to aid the injured. I will be prepared at all times to perform my assigned duties quickly and efficiently, placing these duties before personal desires and comforts. These things I do, "That Others May Live.". It is still used by the Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC) and all other USAF air rescue squadrons. The Pararescueman's creed is essentially these same words although the original code applied to all crewmen of the Air Rescue Service. The Kight Award is named after him and is presented annually to recognize an active duty or reserve component member who has contributed to the overall effectiveness of the rescue mission area through management, innovation or other outstanding achievement.
# Llewellyn, Tasmania

Llewellyn, Tasmania is a small village in Somerset Land District, on the road from Campbell Town, Tasmania to the eastern coast, near the South Esk River.
Llewellyn is often alternatively referred to as Stony Creek, a small tributary of the South Esk. Stony Creek was mentioned in colonial times in reference to the eponymous Tasmanian Aboriginal tribe (the Tyerrernotepanner clan) that still bears this name.
Llewellyn first appears in early newspapers in 1845 as both being surveyed as a township and then also as a site of a murder.
A hotel was opened in Llewellyn in 1873 by a publican from Campbell Town and by 1886 a siding was created, with a trestle bridge over Stony Creek, but, by this time, the inn was decreasingly patronised.
By 1899 the town was busy enough to have hosted two horse race meetings in that year and the village had expanded to include at least two streets, but by 1903 hotel had already closed as business in the area declined. In this year it was recorded that the town had only the school as a public building, with the post office being contiguous with a private residence.
The town now is a ghost of its former self and remains a mapped locality and railway siding.
# Alpha cutoff frequency

Alpha cutoff frequency, or $f_{\alpha }$ is the frequency at which the common base DC current gain $\alpha$ drops to 0.707 of its low frequency value. The common base DC current gain is the ratio of a transistor's collector current to the transistor's emitter current, or $\alpha ={\frac {i_{C}}{i_{E}}}$.
# Riedeliella

Riedeliella is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes three species of scandent shrubs native to Paraguay and eastern and west-central Brazil. They grow in seasonally-dry tropical forest, cerrado (savanna and open woodland), and caatinga (thorn shrubland). The genus belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade within the Dalbergieae.
# London in Stereo

London in Stereo was a print and online magazine offering gig listings, interviews, reviews, and live music listings for London.
Founded in February 2013 they produced a monthly print guide and weekly gig guides. The magazine went on hiatus in 2019 and announced its closure in October 2022
# Richard P. Nielsen

Richard P. Nielsen is the Professor of Management and Organization at Boston College's Carroll School of Management and a past President of the Society for Business Ethics.

## Biography

Nielsen was born in 1946 in New York City. He has bachelor's and master's degrees from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and a Ph.D. from Syracuse University.
He has served as President, Program Chair, and Executive Board Member of the Society for Business Ethics. He has also served as Senior Editor for Organization Studies (journal), and is currently serving on the Editorial Boards of Business Ethics Quarterly, Business and Professional Ethics Journal, Journal of Academic Ethics, and Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal.

## Selected publications

* Nielsen, Richard P. The politics of ethics: Methods for acting, learning, and sometimes fighting with others in addressing ethics problems in organizational life. Oxford University Press, (1996).
* Nielsen, Richard P. "Cooperative strategy." Strategic Management Journal, (1988): 475-492.
* Nielsen, Richard P. "Changing unethical organizational behavior." Academy of Management Perspectives, (1989): 123-130.
* Nielsen, Richard P. and Jean M. Bartunek. "Opening narrow, routinized schemata to ethical stakeholder consciousness and action." Business & Society, (1996): 483-519.
* Nielsen, Richard P. "Corruption networks and implications for ethical corruption reform." Journal of Business Ethics, (2003): 125-149.
* Nielsen, Richard P. and Christi Lockwood. "Varieties of transformational solutions to institutional ethics logic conflicts." Journal of Business Ethics, (2018): 45-55.
* Nielsen, Richard P. and Simona Giorgi. "Social situational business ethics framing for engaging with ethics issues." Business and Professional Ethics Journal, (2020): 1-42.
# Almlöf

Almlöf is a Swedish surname that may refer to:
* Betty Deland (later Almlöf 1831–1882), Swedish actress, wife of Knut
* Charlotta Almlöf (1813–1882), Swedish stage actress, wife of Nils
* Erik Almlöf (1891–1971), Swedish triple jumper
* Knut Almlöf (1829–1899), Swedish actor, husband of Betty
* Nils Almlöf (1799–1875), Swedish actor, husband of Charlotta