# Electrical resistivities of the elements (data page)
## Electrical resistivity

| T | 80 K (−193 °C) | 273 K (0 °C) | 293 K (20 °C) | 298 K (25 °C) | 300 K (27 °C) | 500 K (227 °C) |
| 3 Li lithium |||||||
| use | 10.0 nΩm | 85.3 nΩm | 92.8 nΩm | 94.7 nΩm | 95.5 nΩm | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 1.00 | 8.53 | 9.28 | 9.47 | 9.55 | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 9.28 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 | (293 K–298 K) 9.4 |
| 4 Be beryllium |||||||
| use | 0.75 nΩm | 30.2 nΩm | 35.6 nΩm | 37.0 nΩm | 37.6 nΩm | 99 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.075 | 3.02 | 3.56 | 3.70 | 3.76 | 9.9 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 3.56 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 4 | (293 K–298 K) 4 | (293 K–298 K) 4 | (293 K–298 K) 4 | (293 K–298 K) 4 | (293 K–298 K) 4 |
| 5 B boron |||||||
| use | | | 1.5×10$^4$ Ωm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 1.5×10$^{12}$ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{12}$ |
| 6 C carbon (diamond) |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 0.8 [sic] | | | |
| 6 C carbon (graphite) |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 1375 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent | (293 K–298 K) about 1000 – direction dependent |
| 11 Na sodium |||||||
| use | 8.0 nΩm | 43.3 nΩm | 47.7 nΩm | 48.8 nΩm | 49.3 nΩm | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.80 | 4.33 | 4.77 | 4.88 | 4.93 | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 4.77 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 |
| 12 Mg magnesium |||||||
| use | 5.57 nΩm | 40.5 nΩm | 43.9 nΩm | 44.8 nΩm | 45.1 nΩm | 78.6 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.557 | 4.05 | 4.39 | 4.48 | 4.51 | 7.86 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 4.39 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 | (293 K–298 K) 4.4 |
| 13 Al aluminium |||||||
| use | 2.45 nΩm | 24.17 nΩm | 26.50 nΩm | 27.09 nΩm | 27.33 nΩm | 49.9 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.245 | 2.417 | 2.650 | 2.709 | 2.733 | 4.99 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 2.6548 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 | (293 K–298 K) 2.65 |
| 14 Si silicon |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 10$^5$ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 | (293 K–298 K) about 100000 |
| 15 P phosphorus |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | (white) 10 [sic] | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 |
| 16 S sulfur |||||||
| use | | | (amorphous) 2×10$^{15}$ Ωm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | (amorphous) 2×10$^{23}$ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{23}$ |
| 17 Cl chlorine |||||||
| use | | | > 10 Ωm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | >10$^9$ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{10}$ |
| 19 K potassium |||||||
| use | 13.4 nΩm | 64.9 nΩm | 72.0 nΩm | 73.9 nΩm | 74.7 nΩm | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 1.34 | 6.49 | 7.20 | 7.39 | 7.47 | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 7.2 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 |
| 20 Ca calcium |||||||
| use | 6.5 nΩm | 31.1 nΩm | 33.6 nΩm | 34.2 nΩm | 34.5 nΩm | 60. nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.65 | 3.11 | 3.36 | 3.42 | 3.45 | 6.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 3.36 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 | (293 K–298 K) 3.4 |
| 21 Sc scandium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 | (290 K–300 K) 56.2 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 70.9 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 26.9 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated from single crystal values 56.2 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 56.2 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 55 | (293 K–298 K) 55 | (293 K–298 K) 55 | (293 K–298 K) 55 | (293 K–298 K) 55 | (293 K–298 K) 55 |
| 22 Ti titanium |||||||
| use | | 0.39 μΩm | 0.420 μΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 39 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 42.0 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 |
| 23 V vanadium |||||||
| use | 24.1 nΩm | 181 nΩm | 197 nΩm | 201 nΩm | 202 nΩm | 348 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 2.41 | 18.1 | 19.7 | 20.1 | 20.2 | 34.8 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 19.7 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 |
| 24 Cr chromium |||||||
| use | | 118 nΩm | 125 nΩm | 126 nΩm | 127 nΩm | 201 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 11.8 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 20.1 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 12.5 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 | (293 K–298 K) 12.7 |
| 25 Mn manganese |||||||
| use | 1.32 μΩm | 1.43 μΩm | 1.44 μΩm | 1.44 μΩm | 1.44 μΩm | 1.49 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 132 | 143 | 144 | 144 | 144 | 149 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 144 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 160 | (293 K–298 K) 160 | (293 K–298 K) 160 | (293 K–298 K) 160 | (293 K–298 K) 160 | (293 K–298 K) 160 |
| 26 Fe iron |||||||
| use | 6.93 nΩm | 85.7 nΩm | 96.1 nΩm | 98.7 nΩm | 99.8 nΩm | 237 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.693 | 8.57 | 9.61 | 9.87 | 9.98 | 23.7 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 9.61 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 | (293 K–298 K) 9.7 |
| 27 Co cobalt |||||||
| use | | 56 nΩm | 62.4 nΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 5.6 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 6.24 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 6 | (293 K–298 K) 6 | (293 K–298 K) 6 | (293 K–298 K) 6 | (293 K–298 K) 6 | (293 K–298 K) 6 |
| 28 Ni nickel |||||||
| use | 5.45 nΩm | 61.6 nΩm | 69.3 nΩm | 71.2 nΩm | 72.0 nΩm | 177 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.545 | 6.16 | 6.93 | 7.12 | 7.20 | 17.7 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 6.93 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 |
| 29 Cu copper |||||||
| use | 2.15 nΩm | 15.43 nΩm | 16.78 nΩm | 17.12 nΩm | 17.25 nΩm | 30.90 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.215 | 1.543 | 1.678 | 1.712 | 1.725 | 3.090 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 1.678 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 | (293 K–298 K) 1.7 |
| 30 Zn zinc |||||||
| use | 11.5 nΩm | 54.6 nΩm | 59.0 nΩm | 60.1 nΩm | 60.6 nΩm | 108.2 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 1.15 | 5.46 | 5.90 | 6.01 | 6.06 | 10.82 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 5.9 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 | (293 K–298 K) 5.9 |
| 31 Ga gallium |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 13.6 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (30 °C) 25.795 | (30 °C) 25.795 | (30 °C) 25.795 | (30 °C) 25.795 | (30 °C) 25.795 | (30 °C) 25.795 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 14 | (293 K–298 K) 14 | (293 K–298 K) 14 | (293 K–298 K) 14 | (293 K–298 K) 14 | (293 K–298 K) 14 |
| 32 Ge germanium |||||||
| use |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 53000 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 | (293 K–298 K) about 50000 |
| 33 As arsenic |||||||
| use | | | 333 nΩm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 33.3 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 |
| 34 Se selenium |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | (amorphous) 1.2 [sic] | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) high | (293 K–298 K) high | (293 K–298 K) high | (293 K–298 K) high | (293 K–298 K) high | (293 K–298 K) high |
| 35 Br bromine |||||||
| use | | | 7.8×10$^{10}$ Ωm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 7.8×10$^{18}$ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{18}$ |
| 37 Rb rubidium |||||||
| use | 26.5 nΩm | 115 nΩm | 128 nΩm | 131 nΩm | 133 nΩm | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 2.65 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 13.1 | 13.3 | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 12.8 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 12 | (293 K–298 K) 12 | (293 K–298 K) 12 | (293 K–298 K) 12 | (293 K–298 K) 12 | (293 K–298 K) 12 |
| 38 Sr strontium |||||||
| use | 36.4 nΩm | 123 nΩm | 132 nΩm | 134 nΩm | 135 nΩm | 222 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 3.64 | 12.3 | 13.2 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 22.2 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 13.2 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 |
| 39 Y yttrium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 596 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 | (290 K–300 K) 59.6 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 72.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 35.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 59.6 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 59.6 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 |
| 40 Zr zirconium |||||||
| use | 66.4 nΩm | 388 nΩm | 421 nΩm | 429 nΩm | 433 nΩm | 765 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 6.64 | 38.8 | 42.1 | 42.9 | 43.3 | 76.5 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 42.1 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 42 | (293 K–298 K) 42 | (293 K–298 K) 42 | (293 K–298 K) 42 | (293 K–298 K) 42 | (293 K–298 K) 42 |
| 41 Nb niobium |||||||
| use | | 152 nΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 15.2 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 15.2 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 |
| 42 Mo molybdenum |||||||
| use | 4.82 nΩm | 48.5 nΩm | 53.4 nΩm | 54.7 nΩm | 55.2 nΩm | 106 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.482 | 4.85 | 5.34 | 5.47 | 5.52 | 10.6 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 5.34 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 |
| 43 Tc technetium |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (100 °C) 22.6 | (100 °C) 22.6 | (100 °C) 22.6 | (100 °C) 22.6 | (100 °C) 22.6 | (100 °C) 22.6 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 |
| 44 Ru ruthenium |||||||
| use | | 71 nΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 7.1 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 7.1 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 | (293 K–298 K) 7.1 |
| 45 Rh rhodium |||||||
| use | | 43.3 nΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 4.3 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 4.33 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 | (293 K–298 K) 4.3 |
| 46 Pd palladium |||||||
| use | 17.5 nΩm | 97.8 nΩm | 105.4 nΩm | 107.3 nΩm | 108.0 nΩm | 179.4 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 1.75 | 9.78 | 10.54 | 10.73 | 10.80 | 17.94 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 10.54 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 | (293 K–298 K) 10 |
| 47 Ag silver |||||||
| use | 2.89 nΩm | 14.67 nΩm | 15.87 nΩm | 16.17 nΩm | 16.29 nΩm | 28.7 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.289 | 1.467 | 1.587 | 1.617 | 1.629 | 2.87 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 1.587 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 | (293 K–298 K) 1.6 |
| 48 Cd cadmium |||||||
| use | | 68 nΩm | | | | |
| use | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm | (22 °C) 72.7 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 6.8 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (22 °C) 7.27 | (22 °C) 7.27 | (22 °C) 7.27 | (22 °C) 7.27 | (22 °C) 7.27 | (22 °C) 7.27 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 | (293 K–298 K) 7 |
| 49 In indium |||||||
| use | | 0.080 μΩm | 83.7 nΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 8.0 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 8.37 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 8 | (293 K–298 K) 8 | (293 K–298 K) 8 | (293 K–298 K) 8 | (293 K–298 K) 8 | (293 K–298 K) 8 |
| 50 Sn tin |||||||
| use | | 115 nΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 11.5 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 11.5 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 11 | (293 K–298 K) 11 | (293 K–298 K) 11 | (293 K–298 K) 11 | (293 K–298 K) 11 | (293 K–298 K) 11 |
| 51 Sb antimony |||||||
| use | | 0.39 μΩm | 417 nΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 39 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 41.7 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 | (293 K–298 K) 40 |
| 52 Te tellurium |||||||
| use | | | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | (5.8–33)×10³ | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 | (293 K–298 K) about 10000 |
| 53 I iodine |||||||
| use | | 1.3×10$^7$ Ωm | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 1.3×10$^{15}$ | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ | (293 K–298 K) > 10$^{15}$ |
| 55 Cs caesium |||||||
| use | 41.6 nΩm | 187 nΩm | 205 nΩm | 208 nΩm | 210 nΩm | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 4.16 | 18.7 | 20.5 | 20.8 | 21.0 | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 20.5 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 | (293 K–298 K) 20 |
| 56 Ba barium |||||||
| use | 68.3 nΩm | 302 nΩm | 332 nΩm | 0.340 μΩm | 343 nΩm | 724 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 6.83 | 30.2 | 33.2 | 34.0 | 34.3 | 72.4 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 33.2 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 35 | (293 K–298 K) 35 | (293 K–298 K) 35 | (293 K–298 K) 35 | (293 K–298 K) 35 | (293 K–298 K) 35 |
| 57 La lanthanum |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 615 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 | (290 K–300 K) 61.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 61.5 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 61.5 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 61 | (293 K–298 K) 61 | (293 K–298 K) 61 | (293 K–298 K) 61 | (293 K–298 K) 61 | (293 K–298 K) 61 |
| 58 Ce cerium (beta, hex) |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 828 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 | (beta, hex) (290 K–300 K) 82.8 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 82.8 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | (beta, hex) 82.8 | | | |
| 58 Ce cerium (gamma, cubic) |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 744 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | | 74.4 | | |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 | (room temperature) (gamma, polycrystalline) 74.4 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 74 | (293 K–298 K) 74 | (293 K–298 K) 74 | (293 K–298 K) 74 | (293 K–298 K) 74 | (293 K–298 K) 74 |
| 59 Pr praseodymium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.700 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 | (290 K–300 K) 70.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 70.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 70.0 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 |
| 60 Nd neodymium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 643 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 | (290 K–300 K) 64.3 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 64.3 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 64.3 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 64 | (293 K–298 K) 64 | (293 K–298 K) 64 | (293 K–298 K) 64 | (293 K–298 K) 64 | (293 K–298 K) 64 |
| 61 Pm promethium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm | (room temperature) estimated 0.75 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. | (290 K–300 K) 75 est. |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 75 estimated |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | | 64.0 | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 75 | (293 K–298 K) 75 | (293 K–298 K) 75 | (293 K–298 K) 75 | (293 K–298 K) 75 | (293 K–298 K) 75 |
| 62 Sm samarium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 0.940 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 | (290 K–300 K) 94.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 94.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 94.0 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 |
| 63 Eu europium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.900 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 | (290 K–300 K) 90.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 90.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 90.0 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 90 | (293 K–298 K) 90 | (293 K–298 K) 90 | (293 K–298 K) 90 | (293 K–298 K) 90 | (293 K–298 K) 90 |
| 64 Gd gadolinium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.310 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 131 | (290 K–300 K) 131 | (290 K–300 K) 131 | (290 K–300 K) 131 | (290 K–300 K) 131 | (290 K–300 K) 131 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 135.1 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 121.7 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 131.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 131 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 |
| 65 Tb terbium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 1.150 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 115 | (290 K–300 K) 115 | (290 K–300 K) 115 | (290 K–300 K) 115 | (290 K–300 K) 115 | (290 K–300 K) 115 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 123.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 101.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 115.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 115 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 |
| 66 Dy dysprosium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 926 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 | (290 K–300 K) 92.6 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 | (room temperature) (alpha, amorphous) 111.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, crystalline) 76.6 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 | (room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) 92.6 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 92.6 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 91 | (293 K–298 K) 91 | (293 K–298 K) 91 | (293 K–298 K) 91 | (293 K–298 K) 91 | (293 K–298 K) 91 |
| 67 Ho holmium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 814 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 | (290 K–300 K) 81.4 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 101.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 81.4 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 81.4 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 | (293 K–298 K) 94 |
| 68 Er erbium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 0.860 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 | (290 K–300 K) 86.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 94.5 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 60.3 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 86.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 86.0 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 86 | (293 K–298 K) 86 | (293 K–298 K) 86 | (293 K–298 K) 86 | (293 K–298 K) 86 | (293 K–298 K) 86 |
| 69 Tm thulium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 676 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 | (290 K–300 K) 67.6 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 88.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 47.2 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 67.6 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 67.6 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 | (293 K–298 K) 70 |
| 70 Yb ytterbium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 0.250 μΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 | (290 K–300 K) 25.0 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 | (room temperature) (beta, polycrystalline) 25.0 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 25 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 |
| 71 Lu lutetium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 582 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 | (290 K–300 K) 58.2 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 | (room temperature) (amorphous) 76.6 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 | (room temperature) (crystalline) 34.7 |
| CR2 (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 | (room temperature) (polycrystalline) 58.2 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 58.2 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 | (293 K–298 K) 56 |
| 72 Hf hafnium |||||||
| use | 67.5 nΩm | 304 nΩm | 331 nΩm | 337 nΩm | 0.340 μΩm | 631 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 6.75 | 30.4 | 33.1 | 33.7 | 34.0 | 63.1 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 33.1 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 | (293 K–298 K) 30 |
| 73 Ta tantalum |||||||
| use | 26.2 nΩm | 122 nΩm | 131 nΩm | 134 nΩm | 135 nΩm | 229 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 2.62 | 12.2 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 22.9 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 13.5 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 | (293 K–298 K) 13 |
| 74 W tungsten |||||||
| use | 6.06 nΩm | 48.2 nΩm | 52.8 nΩm | 53.9 nΩm | 54.4 nΩm | 103 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.606 | 4.82 | 5.28 | 5.39 | 5.44 | 10.3 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 5.28 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 | (293 K–298 K) 5 |
| 75 Re rhenium |||||||
| use | | 172 nΩm | 193 nΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 17.2 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 19.3 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 |
| 76 Os osmium |||||||
| use | | 81.2 nΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 8.1 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 8.12 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 | (293 K–298 K) 8.1 |
| 77 Ir iridium |||||||
| use | | 47 nΩm | 47.1 nΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 4.7 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 4.71 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 | (293 K–298 K) 4.7 |
| 78 Pt platinum |||||||
| use | 19.22 nΩm | 96 nΩm | 105 nΩm | 107 nΩm | 108 nΩm | 183 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 1.922 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 18.3 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 10.6 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 | (293 K–298 K) 10.6 |
| 79 Au gold |||||||
| use | 4.81 nΩm | 20.51 nΩm | 22.14 nΩm | 22.55 nΩm | 22.71 nΩm | 39.7 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 0.481 | 2.051 | 2.214 | 2.255 | 2.271 | 3.97 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 2.214 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 | (293 K–298 K) 2.2 |
| 80 Hg mercury |||||||
| use | | | | 961 nΩm | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | | 96.1 | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (solid) 21 | (solid) 21 | (solid) 21 | (solid) 21 | (solid) 21 | (solid) 21 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (liquid) 95.8 | (liquid) 95.8 | (liquid) 95.8 | (liquid) 95.8 | (liquid) 95.8 | (liquid) 95.8 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 96 | (293 K–298 K) 96 | (293 K–298 K) 96 | (293 K–298 K) 96 | (293 K–298 K) 96 | (293 K–298 K) 96 |
| 81 Tl thallium |||||||
| use | | 0.15 μΩm | 0.18 μΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 15 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 18 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 |
| 82 Pb lead |||||||
| use | 49 nΩm | 192 nΩm | 208 nΩm | 211 nΩm | 213 nΩm | 383 nΩm |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | 4.9 | 19.2 | 20.8 | 21.1 | 21.3 | 38.3 |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 20.8 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 21 | (293 K–298 K) 21 | (293 K–298 K) 21 | (293 K–298 K) 21 | (293 K–298 K) 21 | (293 K–298 K) 21 |
| 83 Bi bismuth |||||||
| use | | 1.07 μΩm | 1.29 μΩm | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 107 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 129 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 | (293 K–298 K) 130 |
| 84 Po polonium |||||||
| use | | (alpha) 0.40 μΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 40 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | (alpha) 40.0 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 43 | (293 K–298 K) 43 | (293 K–298 K) 43 | (293 K–298 K) 43 | (293 K–298 K) 43 | (293 K–298 K) 43 |
| 88 Ra radium |||||||
| use | | | 1 μΩm | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | | 100 | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 100 | (293 K–298 K) 100 | (293 K–298 K) 100 | (293 K–298 K) 100 | (293 K–298 K) 100 | (293 K–298 K) 100 |
| 90 Th thorium |||||||
| use | | 147 nΩm | | | | |
| use | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 14.7 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 | (22 °C) 15.4 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 | (293 K–298 K) 15 |
| 91 Pa protactinium |||||||
| use | | 177 nΩm | | | | |
| use | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 17.7 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 | (22 °C) 19.1 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 | (293 K–298 K) 18 |
| 92 U uranium |||||||
| use | | 0.280 μΩm | | | | |
| CRC (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 28 | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 28.0 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 | (293 K–298 K) 28 |
| 93 Np neptunium |||||||
| use | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm | (22 °C) 1.220 μΩm |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (22 °C) 122.0 | (22 °C) 122.0 | (22 °C) 122.0 | (22 °C) 122.0 | (22 °C) 122.0 | (22 °C) 122.0 |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 | (293 K–298 K) 120 |
| 94 Pu plutonium |||||||
| use | | 1.460 μΩm | | | | |
| LNG (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | | 146.0 | | | | |
| WEL (10$^{−8}$ Ωm) | (293 K–298 K) 150 | (293 K–298 K) 150 | (293 K–298 K) 150 | (293 K–298 K) 150 | (293 K–298 K) 150 | (293 K–298 K) 150 |
| 95 Am americium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) 689 nΩm | (room temperature) 689 nΩm | (room temperature) 689 nΩm | (room temperature) 689 nΩm | (room temperature) 689 nΩm | (room temperature) 689 nΩm |
| 96 Cm curium |||||||
| use | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm | (room temperature) 1250 nΩm |
| T | 80 K (−193 °C) | 273 K (0 °C) | 293 K (20 °C) | 298 K (25 °C) | 300 K (27 °C) | 500 K (227 °C) |