OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# British Parachute Association

British Skydiving is the national governing body for skydiving in the United Kingdom.

## Overview

British Skydiving was founded in 1960 to organise, govern and further the advancement of sport parachuting within the UK.
British Skydiving aims to encourage participation in skydiving within the UK. In 2016 there were nearly 6,000 full members and around 60,000 students, and around 30 affiliated training organisations.
The association is funded by membership subscriptions and has an annually elected council which controls all aspects of skydiving on behalf of the Civil Aviation Authority. Unlike many other sports which suffer from fragmented and divided governing bodies, the British Parachute Association represents most UK skydivers, and most skydivers within the UK are members of the Association.
British Skydiving is constituted as a company limited by guarantee. The association's headquarters are at Glen Parva, Leicestershire.
Following the 50th anniversary of British Skydiving, an archive project was established to record and collect the history of the sport in the UK and of the Association.
The association's name was changed to British Skydiving on 27 November 2019 to bring awareness of the sport to a greater audience.

## Council

British Skydiving council consists of ten elected members, together with two independent directors from outside the sport. The council is chaired by Mary Barratt.

## Drop zones

In 2015 there were 29 affiliated drop zones within British Skydiving. These include:
* Black Knights Parachute Centre – Cockerham, Lancashire
* British Parachute Schools – RAF Langar, Nottinghamshire
* Cornish Parachute Centre – Peranporth, Cornwall
* GoSkydive – Old Sarum Airfield, Salisbury
* Hinton Skydiving Centre – Hinton-in-the-Hedges, Northamptonshire
* Joint Services Parachute Centre (Army Parachute Association) – Netheravon, Wiltshire
* London Parachute School – Lewknor, Oxfordshire
* North London Skydiving Centre – Chatteris, Cambridgeshire
* North West Parachute Centre – Cark, Cumbria
* Paragon Skydiving Club – Errol, Perth and Kinross
* Skydive Headcorn – Headcorn Aerodrome, Headcorn, Ashford, Kent
* Services Parachute Centre, Ballykelly, County Londonderry
* Silver Stars Parachute Team (The Royal Logistic Corps) – South Cerney, Gloucestershire
* Skyhigh Skydiving(formerly: Peterlee Parachute Centre) – Peterlee, Co. Durham
* UK Parachuting at Sibson Airfield (Peterborough Parachute Centre) – Wansford, Cambridgeshire
* Skydive GB Parachute Club, Bridlington – Grindale, East Riding of Yorkshire
* Skydive Jersey – St. Peter, Jersey
* Skydive St Andrews – Glenrothes, Fife
* Skydive St George – Darlington, Durham
* Skydive Strathallan – Strathallan, Perth and Kinross
* Skydive Swansea – Fairwood, Swansea
* Skydive UK – Dunkeswell, Devon
* Skydive Weston (Royal Air Force Sport Parachute Association) – Weston-on-the-Green, Oxfordshire
* Skydive Hibaldstow – Hibaldstow, North Lincolnshire
* The Parachute Centre – Tilstock, Shropshire
* UK Parachuting – Beccles, Suffolk
* Wild Geese Parachute Centre – Movenis & Killykergan, County Londonderry
# Warszawa Radość railway station

Warszawa Radość railway station is a railway station in the Wawer district of Warsaw, Poland. As of 2012, it is served by Koleje Mazowieckie, who run the KM7 services from Warszawa Zachodnia to Dęblin and by Szybka Kolej Miejska, who run the S1 services from Pruszków PKP to Otwock.
# List of aircraft (Ti)

This is a list of aircraft in alphabetical order beginning with 'Ti'.
* Ta
* Tb
* Tc
* Td
* Te
* Tf
* Tg
* Th
* Ti
* Tj
* Tk
* Tl
* Tm
* Tn
* To
* Tp
* Tq
* Tr
* Ts
* Tt
* Tu
* Tv
* Tw
* Tx
* Ty
* Tz

## Ti
### Tianxing-l

* Tianxing-l 1

### Tiffany

(Sarter Tiffany)
* Tiffany Sport

### Tiger

(Tiger Aircraft LLC, Martinsburg, WV)
* Tiger Aircraft AG-5B Tiger

### Tiger Club Development

* Tiger Club Development Sherwood Ranger

### Tijuana

(Tijuana Aircraft Co. / Waterhouse / BAJA California / Compañía Aérea de Construcción y Transportes)
* Tijuana BAJA California BC.1
* Tijuana BAJA California BC.2
* Tijuana BAJA California BC.3

### Tikhonravov

* Tikhonravov 302
* Tikhonravov 302P

### Tilbury

(Owen R Tilbury, Normal, IL, Tilbury & (Clarence) Fundy, Bloomington, IL or IN)
* Tilbury S-10 Skywayman
* Tilbury SF-1 Flash

### Time to Fly

(Kaunas, Lithuania)
* Time To Fly Backplane SL
* Time To Fly Racket
* Time To Fly Scooter

### Time Warp Aircraft

(Lakeland, FL)
* Time Warp Spitfire Mk V

### Timm

(O W (Otto William) Timm Aircraft Corp, 901 N San Fernando Rd, Glendale, CA)
* Timm 160
* Timm Aerocraft 2AS
* Timm Argonaut
* Timm AG-2
* Timm C-165 Collegiate
* Timm C-170 Collegiate
* Timm C-185 Collegiate
* Timm K-90 Collegiate
* Timm K-100 Collegiate
* Timm M-150 Collegiate
* Timm TC-165 Collegiate
* Timm TW-120 Collegiate
* Timm Coach
* Timm Curtiss Pusher replica
* Timm Monoplane
* Timm P Sedan
* Timm PT-160K
* Timm PT-175K
* Timm PT-220
* Timm S-160
* Timm Skylark
* Timm T-800
* Timm T-840 Aeromold Transport
* Timm N2T Tutor

### Timofeyev

(Viktor Timofeyev)
* Timofeyev Mustang 2

### Tipsy

(Avions Tipsy) See also List of aircraft (0-A)#Avions Fairey
* Tipsy B side by side trainer
* Tipsy Bc side by side cabin version of B
* Tipsy Belfair
* Tipsy Junior
* Tipsy M
* Tipsy Nipper
* Tipsy S
* Tipsy S.2

### Tipton

(George W "Billy" Tipton, Old Richards Airport, Kansas City, MO)
* Tipton 90-2
* Tipton W-7200X

### Tisserand

(Designer: Claude Tisserand)
* Tisserand Hydroplum
* Tisserand Hydroplum Ia
* Tisserand Hydroplum II
* Tisserand Pétrel

### Tissot-Charbonnier

* Tissot-Charbonnier TC-160 Oceanair

### Titan

(Titan Aircraft, Austinburg Ohio)
* Titan Tornado
* Titan Tornado 103
* Titan Tornado Sport
* Titan Tornado MG
* Titan Tornado I
* Titan Tornado I Sport
* Titan Tornado II
* Titan Tornado II Trainer
* Titan Tornado II Sport
* Titan Tornado II 912
* Titan Tornado II FP
* Titan Tornado MG II
* Titan Tornado S
* Titan Tornado SS
* Titan T-51 Mustang

### Titanium

(Titanium Auto Gyro)
* Titanium Explorer
# Evangelical Church of Christ

Evangelical Church of Christ can refer to:

## United States

* A Mormon fundamentalist sect established in 1975 by John W. Bryant
* On the National Register of Historic Places
** Evangelical Church of Christ (Portsmouth, Ohio)
# Motswasele I

Motswasele I (died c. 1785) was kgosi of the Kwena tribe from c. 1770 until his death c. 1790. He was preceded by his grandfather Motshodi and succeeded by his son Seitlhamo.

## Life

Motswasele was born in the early 18th century, between 1715 and 1745. He the son of Legojane and the grandson of Motshodi, kgosi of the Bakwena. Bakwena oral tradition tells that Motswasele was a prolific traveler when he was young and was the first of the Bakwena to see Europeans. Legojane died before Motshodi, making Motswasele the next in line to be kgosi. Motswasele took on responsibilities to manage the tribe as Motshodi grew older, and he became kgosi upon Motshodi's death c. 1770. He led the tribe to Shokwane and then to Dithejane. Here the Bakwena defeated the Bangwaketse in battle at Gookodisa.
One story tells that Mathiba was the younger brother of Motswasele, and that Motswasele sentenced Mathiba to death for castrating bulls without permission. It is said that when they encountered Lesele, they agreed that he could take Mathiba away. Mathiba's followers went with him, separating the Bangwato from the Bakwena. This story is contradicted by other accounts that Mathiba was the heir to the Bangwato who lived with the Bakwena until he came of age.

## Death and succession

Motswasele died c. 1785. By this time, the Bakwena had returned to Shokwane. He was succeeded by his son Seitlhamo. Motswasele had another son, Monametse, who did not become kgosi.
# Corynoptera flavosignata

Corynoptera flavosignata is a species of fungus gnat found in the British Isles.
# Vampirates: Blood Captain

Vampirates: Blood Captain is a 2007 children's novel written by British author Justin Somper. It is a follow-up to Vampirates: Tide of Terror.

## Synopsis

For Connor, these are testing times aboard the Diablo, and he finds himself crossing a line from which there is no return. Grace also faces danger as she travels with Lorcan to Sanctuary, a place of healing presided over by Vampirate guru Mosh Zu.

## Characters

* Connor Tempest – Fourteen-year-old orphan, pirate, protagonist, and twin brother of Grace Tempest
* Grace Tempest – fourteen-year-old orphan, protagonist, and twin sister of Connor Tempest
* Lorcan Furey – Grace's rescuer/love, Vampirate, lieutenant of the Nocturne
* Vampirate Captain – Mysterious captain of the Vampirate ship. He wears a mask and no longer drinks blood thanks to the healing of Mosh Zu Kamal.
* Darcy Flotsam – Figurehead of the Vampirate ship by day and vampire by night; Grace's friend.
* Sidorio – Vampire who resisted the authority of the Vampirate Captain, resulting in his banishment.
* Cheng Li – Former deputy of the Diablo and current teacher at the Pirate Academy
* Captain Molucco Wrathe – Captain of the Diablo
* Captain Barbarro Wrathe – Captain of the Typhon; younger brother of Molucco.
* Trofie – Barbarro's wife
* Moonshine Wrathe – Barbarro and Trofie's son; has a dislike for Connor and little respect for anyone else.
* Transom – Head servant on the Typhon
* Matilda "Ma" Kettle – Owner of Ma Kettle's Tavern
* Shanti – Lorcan Furey's human donor
* Bartholomew "Bart" Pearce – Fellow pirate aboard the Diablo and Connor's best friend
* Cutlass Cate – Becomes deputy of the Diablo once Cheng Li leaves; known for swordsmanship and skill.
* Sugar Pie – Waitress at Ma Kettle's Tavern
* Jez Stukeley – Former pirate; returns as a Vampirate lieutenant to Captain Sidorio.
* Commodore Kuo – Headmaster of the Pirate Academy
* Jacoby Blunt – Student at Pirate Academy; becomes good friends with Connor.
* Jasmine Peacock – Student at Pirate Academy, a good friend to Jacoby and Connor
* Mosh Zu Kamal – Founder of Sanctuary
* Olivier – Resident of Sanctuary; Mosh Zu's number two.
* Brenden Gonzalez – One of Connor's shipmates aboard the Diablo
* Dani – An in-between currently residing in Sanctuary
* Johnny – Vampire residing in Sanctuary; becomes Grace's friend while Lorcan is recovering from blindness.
* Jenny – Serving girl at Ma Kettle's Tavern; killed by Jez Stukeley when he was bloodthirsty.

## Reception

The Horn Book Guide described the book as "gripping throughout", noting that the ending left much for a followup in the series.
# Otto Wartisch

Otto Alexander Hermann Wartisch (18 November 1893 – 29 April 1969) was a German composer, conductor, and cultural figure in Nazi Germany.

## Life

Born in Magdeburg, Wartisch received his doctorate from Erlangen with a dissertation titled Studien zur Harmonik des musikalischen Impressionismus in 1928, which was published in 1930. Also in 1930, he became a member of the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (membership number 400.618). After the Nazi seizure of power, he succeeded Carl Corbach as SA-Standartenführer from 1934 to 1939, and acted as Kapellmeister of the Hofkapelle and the conductors of the Loh-Orchester Sondershausen. During the Second World War, he became the SA-Oberführer Intendant of the Katowice opera house. Wartisch organised, in cooperation with the Auschwitz concentration camp, "troop support events" for the concentration camp personnel there, such as performances of the farces Gitta hat einen Vogel on 5 April 1943 and Gestörte Hochzeitsnacht on 2 October 1943. Musical evenings were held on the themes of Upbeat Music and Musical Delicacies of Opera and Operetta. Wartisch dedicated the composition Deutsche Rhapsodie to Julius Streicher, the publisher of the anti-Semitic diatribe Der Stürmer. He then became a concert conductor in Munich, and in 1951 his work Scharlott fährt gen Himmel was premiered in Bremen.
Wartisch died in Wolfratshausen at age 75.

## Work

* Kaukasische Komödie One-act opera, premiered 8 March 1933 in Nuremberg
* Jahrmarktsballade 'heitere Funkoper', first broadcast on 17 February 1950 by Radio Bremen.
# Streeck

Streeck or van Streeck is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hendrick van Streeck (1659-1720), Dutch Golden Age painter
* Hendrik Streeck (born 1977), German epidemiologist
* Juriaen van Streeck (1632–1687), Dutch Golden Age painter
* Wolfgang Streeck (born 1946), German economic sociologist
# Parnall G.4/31

The Parnall G.4/31 was a 1930s design from the George Parnall and Company to meet Air Ministry Specification G.4/31 for a "general purpose" aircraft.

## Design and development

The Parnall G.4/31 design would be as a replacement for the Westland Wapiti and Fairey Gordon. As such it needed to be usable as a day and night bomber as well as the reconnaissance, torpedo and dive-bombing roles. Designs were offered by Handley Page, Vickers, Fairey and Armstrong Whitworth as well as Parnall.
The G.4/31 was a large angular biplane with fixed spatted wheel spats powered by a 690 hp (515 kW) Bristol Pegasus IM3 with a Townend ring. There was a single forward-firing machine gun for the pilot and a Scarff ring mounted Lewis gun for the observer. Underwing bomb racks on the lower wings and provision to carry a torpedo between the main undercarriage units was also envisioned.
After the prototype was rolled out in 1935, a number of changes were made to the airframe and tail surfaces, when results from wind tunnel testing by the Royal Aeronautical Establishment (R.A.E.) with models revealed problems in spinning. Modifications to the fin, rudder, elevators and rear fuselage were necessary.

## Testing

First flying at the Parnall factory in Yate, Bristol, in 1935 with Captain Howard John Saint at the controls, it was not delivered for evaluation by the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE) at Martlesham Heath until early 1936. The biplane Vickers Type 253 had already been selected to meet the specification and then cancelled when the Ministry saw that Vickers monoplane alternative to the Type 253 was superior and that entered service as the Vickers Wellesley.
The sole Parnall G.4/31 (serial K2772) prototype was used for armament trials by the A&AED until March 1937 when it was damaged in a crash and subsequently scrapped. The G.4/31 was the final military design from the company.

## Operators
### United Kingdom

* Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment
* Bristol Aeroplane Company

## Specifications (G.4/31)

Data from The British Bomber since 1914
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 35 ft 9 in (10.90 m)
* Wingspan: 57 ft (17 m)
* Height: 15 ft (4.6 m)
* Wing area: 687 sq ft (63.8 m$^2$)
* Gross weight: 6,800 lb (3,084 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Bristol Pegasus IM3 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 690 hp (510 kW) for take-off
             630 hp (470 kW) normal rating
* Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 165 mph (266 km/h, 143 kn) at 5,000 ft (1,500 m) (approx.)
Armament
* Guns: 2× 0.303 in (7.7 mm) machine guns
* Bombs: 1,500 lb (680 kg) of bombs or an 18 inch Mk VIII torpedo
# British Parachute Schools

British Parachute Schools also known as Langar DZ or Skydive Langar is a BPA affiliated parachuting centre and skydiving drop zone at Langar, Nottinghamshire in the area known as the Vale of Belvoir.

## History

Langar airfield was originally a World War II bomber base, home to the RAF 207 Squadron between 1942 and 1943, but is now operating solely as a civilian drop zone. British Parachute Schools has been based at the airfield since 1977. British Parachute Schools was set up by Tom Sawyer and he encouraged use by universities. One of the first was Loughborough University who moved from Peterborough Parachute Centre after a chance meeting between Tom and Ian Parker, chairman of the university club. Parker's final year project was an analysis of parachute ripcord pull forces after a stiff pull on his first free fall.

## Equipment

The drop zone uses two Cessna Grand Caravans, both with Blackhawk engines. The centre provides student training in the Ram Air Progression System, Accelerated Freefall (AFF) and Tandem skydiving.

## Reputation

British Parachute Schools is the busiest civilian parachute centre in the United Kingdom, regularly completing over 30,000 descents a year. It is also the home of LU:ST; the Langar Universities Skydiving Team; the largest collection of university skydiving clubs in the country. It is approved by the British Parachute Association. Many university parachute clubs use the site regularly.
Langar was also home to the legendary “getting Langared”. This would involve a few drinks in the bar, maybe a food delivery to the DZ or a trip to Morrisons, followed by a few more beers and a nightcap in someone’s caravan... the rest you can figure out for yourself. Legend had it, only true legends could skydive the day after being “Langared”.
# Warszawa Rakowiec railway station

Warszawa Rakowiec railway station is a railway station in the Ochota district of Warsaw, Poland. It is served by Koleje Mazowieckie, who run services from Warszawa Wschodnia to Góra Kalwaria or Skarżysko-Kamienna.
# George F. Edmunds (entomologist)

George F. Edmunds Jr. (April 28, 1920–March 4, 2006) was an American entomologist specialising in mayflies. He has been called "the greatest of living North American researchers on Ephemeroptera", and "the first biogeographer of Ephemeroptera".

## Biography

George F. Edmunds Jr. was born in Salt Lake City, Utah to George F. Edmunds and Fern E. Barratt. He joined the U.S. Naval Reserve in 1941 but was discharged on medical grounds. He gained his B.S. degree from the University of Utah in 1943, and his M.S. also at Utah in 1946, serving as an instructor in the biology department. He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Massachusetts in 1952, collaborating with Jay R Traver. He returned to the University of Utah to join its biology faculty, remaining there until he retired in 1989. He continued his work on mayflies until his death in 2006. He pursued a second interest on plant-pest interactions, based on a study of the black pineleaf scale insect.
Edmunds, with Traver, reworked the taxonomy of the Ephemeroptera, starting in 1954. In 1979, with W. P. McCafferty, he proposed a new "higher classification" of the group, with two suborders, Pannota and Schistonota.
Edmunds described and named 35 new genera and 79 new species of mayfly.

## Honors and distinctions

The 7th International Conference on Ephemeroptera, at the University of Maine in August 1992, was dedicated to Edmunds. The mayfly experts Janice G. Peters and Michael D. Hubbard described him as "the greatest of living North American researchers on Ephemeroptera". W. P. McCafferty, making the dedicatory address at that conference, called him "the first biogeographer of Ephemeroptera", and listed 114 of his publications on mayflies. Ten species and two genera (Edmundsius and Edmundsula) of mayfly are named after him, along with a beetle, a cranefly, and a stonefly.
His book on the mayflies of North and Central America has been described as "the benchmark upon which all subsequent taxonomic research in the area is measured. His study of the subimago of the mayfly has been described as "monumental, demonstrating his acute ability to synthesize his observations and knowledge of systematics, phylogeny, morphology, paleontology, developmental biology, behaviour and ecology into unified explanatory theories".

## Works

* Edmunds, George F.; Jensen, Steven L.; Berner, Lewis (1976). The Mayflies of North and Central America. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-0759-4.
* Edmunds, George F.; McCafferty, W. P. (1988). "The mayfly subimago" (PDF). Annual Review of Entomology. 33 (1): 509–527.
# Kuala Langat (disambiguation)

Kuala Langat is a district of Selangor, Malaysia.
Kuala Langat may also refer to:
* Kuala Langat (federal constituency), represented in the Dewan Rakyat
* Kuala Langat (state constituency), formerly represented in the Selangor State Council (1955–59)
# Motsweding FM

Motsweding FM is an SABC radio station based in Mahikeng, South Africa, broadcasting mainly in the Tswana language. Formerly known as Radio Tswana, the country-wide broadcast station evolved from a Bophuthatswana Broadcasting Corporation, which had been operating from Mmabatho in the former Bophuthatswana homeland.
Motsweding FM plays a wide variety of music, to help increase listenership throughout South Africa's dynamic cultures. At any time, a mixture of hip-hop/pop/soft rock can be mixed with house music followed by Simphiwe Dana or Madonna and ending with Freshlyground or Mo'Molemi.

## Broadcasting time

* 24/7

## Listenership figures

Estimated Listenership :
| | 7 Day | Ave. Mon-Fri |
| May 2013 | 3 162 000 | 1 746 000 |
| Feb 2013 | 3 204 000 | 1 765 000 |
| Dec 2012 | 3 141 000 | 1 774 000 |
| Oct 2012 | 3 182 000 | 1 817 000 |
| Aug 2012 | 3 251 000 | 1 869 000 |
| Jun 2012 | 3 180 000 | 1 841 000 |
# Tony Binder

Anton Binder, known as Tony (25 October 1868, Vienna - 18 January 1944, Nördlingen or Munich) was an Austrian-born Orientalist painter and illustrator.

## Biography

He was born out of wedlock, and baptized a Catholic. Information regarding his early artistic career varies, but it is generally believed that he studied in Vienna and Munich, although he may have been self-taught. In 1890, he made a visit to Egypt, to see his older brother, and settled in Cairo.
Four years later, he was living in Istanbul, then returned to Cairo and Alexandria, where he also worked as a photographer. He may have served as a court painter/photographer to the Khedive, Abbas Hilmi II.
In addition to the above places, he probably made several trips to Italy, lived in Greece around 1905/06, and lived in France for a time around 1911. During one of his stays in Vienna, it is believed that he married Mary Reiser, the daughter of one of his photography partners in Alexandria. During World War I, he lived in England. A number of his paintings from Munich are dated 1922, and he held several exhibits at the Glaspalast.
Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, he was present in Luxor, where he painted for tourists and sold copies of his photographs. The Gemäldegalerie Dachau [de] has information that, after 1922, Dachau was his permanent residence.
On his 70th birthday, he was awarded the Goethe Medal. The previous year, he had participated in an exhibition at the Künstlerhaus Salzburg [de] and had been awarded a medal from the city.
In addition to his paintings, he illustrated a few books; notably Ausgraber, Mumienjäger und tote Städte (Excavators, Mummy Hunters and Dead Cities), by the archaeologist, Karl Maria Kaufmann, published in 1928 by August Scherl Verlag in Berlin.
# Ahamed

Ahamed is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* E. Ahamed, Indian politician
* Emajuddin Ahamed (1933–2020), Bangladeshi academic
* Liaquat Ahamed, American writer
* M.C. Ahamed (died 2008), Sri Lankan politician
* Mohammed Ahamed (born 1985), Norwegian-Somali footballer
* Salim Ahamed (born 1970), Indian film director, producer and screenwriter
# Wieloborowice

Wieloborowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pawłów, within Starachowice County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Pawłów, 16 km (10 mi) south of Starachowice, and 37 km (23 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.