OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Progressive present

The progressive present is a grammatical tense that is used only if an action is actually in progress at the time. For example, in Spanish, "estoy leyendo" means "I am reading (right now)." It is formed by using the present indicative of estar plus the present participle of the verb.
# Alpe (Aller)

The Alpe is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany.
The Alpe is a left tributary of the Aller. Its source lies between the villages of Dudensen and Nöpke [de; eo; nl], both within the town of Neustadt am Rübenberge. It initially crosses the Dudensen Bog and flows along the edge of the Bog Lichtenmoor [ceb; de] and past Rethem Bog. In the 1970s it lost its natural character, it was straightened and, in places, canalised. The Steimbker Dorfgraben, a drainage ditch joining it from the left, is very heavily polluted (water quality class III–IV). The Alpe itself has a good overall water quality (class II = moderately polluted). Before the town of Rethem the Weiße Graben ("White Ditch") joins the Alpe along with the Wölpe. In Rethem the Alpe then discharges into the Aller.
# MD 80

MD 80 may refer to:
* McDonnell Douglas MD-80
* Maryland Route 80
# Prionus fissicornis

Prionus fissicornis is a species of long-horned beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It is found in North America.
# Polypedates zed

Polypedates zed is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in Nepal and possibly India. Its natural habitats are forests in the hills of the Himalayas. It has been observed between 100 and 300 meters above sea level.
# SS Martha's Vineyard

SS Martha's Vineyard was a ferry that operated in New England for much of the 20th century.
She was constructed by Bath Iron Works for the New England Steamship Company (since consolidated into the Woods Hole, Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket Steamship Authority) as the Islander. She was launched on July 23, 1923, and began service to Nantucket Island on August 7. In 1928, she received the name Martha's Vineyard. She operated in regular service for the New England Steamship Company and its successors until October 1956, and she left the company's fleet in 1959. She was purchased by the Rhode Island Steamship Lines and was repowered with new diesel engines before operating seasonally on various routes in Massachusetts, including again to Nantucket from Hyannis under the auspices of Nantucket Express Lines.
In 1968, Martha's Vineyard was sold to the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat Company who converted her to diesel-electric and operated her until 1986, when she was replaced by the larger and faster MV Park City. She was subsequently sold to the Massachusetts Bay Lines, which intended to convert her to a dinner cruise ship. However, the company did not fulfill the plans, and Martha's Vineyard was stored in Boston until 1990 when she sank at her dock and was scrapped.
# Namirea fallax

Namirea fallax is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Euagridae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1984 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in eastern New South Wales in open eucalypt forest and heath habitats. The type locality is Bilpin, in the Blue Mountains west of Sydney.

## Behaviour

The spiders are fossorial, terrestrial predators.
# Mitta

Mitta may refer to:
* Alexander Mitta (born 1933), Soviet and Russian film director
* Mitta, an old Anglo-Saxon measure of capacity
* Mitta River, major tributary of the Murray River in Victoria, Australia
* Mitta United Football Club, Australian Rules Football club in Mitta Mitta, Victoria
# Palungtar

Palungtar is a municipality in Gorkha District in Gandaki Province, central Nepal. It is made up of the seven former Village Development Committees Aanppipal, Chyangli, Dhuwakot, Gaikhur, Khoplang, Mirkot and Palumtar. It lies on the bank of Marshyangdi River. The Government of Nepal plans to make Palungtar the country's first Smart City. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 38,174 people living in 9,924 individual households.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Palungtar Municipality had a population of 38,244. Of these, 89.9% spoke Nepali, 4.8% Tamang, 1.5% Magar, 1.3% Gurung, 1.1% Newar, 0.6% Kumhali, 0.5% Urdu, 0.1% Bhojpuri and 0.1% other languages as their first language.
In terms of ethnicity/caste, 16.3% were Chhetri, 13.4% Hill Brahmin, 10.3% Kumal, 10.2% Sarki, 9.0% Newar, 8.5% Magar, 7.6% Tamang, 6.7% Kami, 5.0% Gurung, 4.5% Damai/Dholi, 3.9% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 1.6% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.8% Musalman, 0.6% Thakuri, 0.5% Brahmu/Baramo, 0.2% Gaine, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Darai, 0.1% Ghale, 0.1% Kamar, 0.1% Majhi, 0.1% Rai and 0.2% others.
In terms of religion, 86.3% were Hindu, 7.0% Buddhist, 5.8% Christian, 0.8% Muslim and 0.1% others.
In terms of literacy, 69.2% could both read and write, 2.1% could read but not write and 28.7% could neither read nor write.

## Transportation

Palungtar Airport is an out-of-service airport that lies in Palungtar.
# Marshall Springs, Texas

Marshall Springs is an unincorporated community in Titus County, in the U.S. state of Texas. Marshall Springs is seven miles northwest of the county seat, Mount Pleasant, located on two county roads, and with no reliable source of history, lacks a known population figure.
# Rinat

Rinat is a Tatar masculine given name. Rinat (רינת) is also a Hebrew language feminine name, and may refer to:
* Rinat Abdulin, Kazakhstani football player
* Rinat Akhmetov (born 1966), Ukrainian business man, multi-billionaire
* Rinat Akhmetshin, Russian-American lobbyist and former Soviet counterintelligence officer
* Rinat Brodach (born 1984), Israeli American fashion designer
* Rinat Dasayev (born 1957), Russian former football goalkeeper of Tatar ethnicity
* Rinat Farkhoutdinov (born 1975), Russian ice dancer who competed internationally for Japan
* Rinat Gutman (born 1980), Israeli rapper, singer, and songwriter
* Rinat Ibragimov (born 1986), Russian ice hockey player
* Rinat Ibragimov (born 1986), Kazakhstani judoka
* Rinat Kedem (born 1965), American mathematician and mathematical physicist
* Rinat Mardanshin (1963–2005), Russian motorcycle speedway rider
* Rinat Matatov (born 1981), Israeli actress
* Rinat Shaham (born 1980), Israeli mezzo-soprano singer
* Rinat Timokhin (born 1980), Russian football player
* Rinat Valiev (born 1995), ethnic Tatar-Russian hockey player in Toronto Maple Leafs organization
* Rinat Vasikov (born 1971), retired Russian professional footballer
As a surname:
# MD 88

MD 88 may refer to:
* Maryland Route 88, a state highway
* McDonnell Douglas MD-88, an airplane
# Prince Regent Inlet

Prince Regent Inlet (73°00′N 090°30′W﻿ / ﻿73.000°N 90.500°W﻿ / 73.000; -90.500﻿ (Prince Regent Inlet)) is a body of water in Nunavut, Canada between the west end of Baffin Island (Brodeur Peninsula) and Somerset Island on the west. It opens north into Lancaster Sound and to the south merges into the Gulf of Boothia. The Arctic inlet's northern portion is approximately 40 mi (64 km) wide; the southern portion is approximately 65 mi (105 km) wide. It is deep throughout and there are no islands within the inlet.
During the quest for the Northwest Passage it was entered several times until it was realized that Prince Regent Inlet-Gulf of Boothia is a cul-de-sac for practical purposes. In 1819 William Edward Parry penetrated more than 100 miles south before turning back. In 1829 John Ross passed through it and was frozen in the Gulf of Boothia for four years before escaping. In 1852 Bellot Strait, the frozen western exit, was discovered. In 1858 Francis Leopold McClintock tried to pass this strait, gave up, and wintered near its mouth.
# 3-Arylpropiolonitriles

3-Arylpropiolonitriles (APN) belong to a class of electron-deficient alkyne derivatives substituted by two electron-withdrawing groups – a nitrile and an aryl moieties. Such activation results in improved selectivity towards highly reactive thiol-containing molecules, namely cysteine residues in proteins. APN-based modification of proteins was reported to surpass several important drawbacks of existing strategies in bioconjugation, notably the presence of side reactions with other nucleophilic amino acid residues and the relative instability of the resulting bioconjugates in the blood stream. The latter drawback is especially important for the preparation of targeted therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugates.

## Synthesis

The synthesis of 3-arylpropiolonitriles has been the subject of several studies. The most elaborated and often used approach is based on MnO2-mediated free radical oxidation of the corresponding propargylic alcohols obtained using Sonogashira coupling of the corresponding iodo-derivative in the presence of ammonia (Figure 1).

## Applications in biotechnology

In bioconjugation (forming a stable covalent link between a biomolecule and a functional payloads, such as fluorescent dyes, cytotoxic agents, or tracers), linking of the payload was classically achieved using maleimide heterobifunctional reagents (for example, see SMCC). However, when administered into living organisms, maleimide-containing bioconjugates were found to be relatively unstable and lose the payload in the blood circulation due to reversibility of the addition reaction between maleimide moiety and cysteine residue of a protein (retro Michael addition). Due to increased stability of bioconjugates obtained with analogous APN-based payloads (a schematic reaction is shown in the Figure 2 below), their use is often preferable when high selectivity and biostability are especially important: namely for the preparation of antibody−drug conjugates and other biologics. Standard procedure for APN protein labeling consists in incubation of a protein containing free cysteine residues with an APN-functionalized probe in PBS buffer at pH 7.5-9.0 at room temperature for 2–12 hours, followed by an optional step of purification of the resulting bioconjugate using size exclusion chromatography or ultrafiltration.
# Longkang

Longkang (simplified Chinese: 龙亢; traditional Chinese: 龍亢; pinyin: Lóngkàng) is a township-level division situated in Bengbu, Anhui, China.
# Progressive parlay

A progressive parlay is a joint wager on multiple events, for example team sports or horse races. Generally a progressive parlay involves a joint wager on four to twelve separate events. Should all the selected bets win, the bettor receives a relatively large payout, because of the sizable odds against this happening. However, unlike a regular parlay, if some of the individual bets lose, but most win, the bettor still wins, although with a much smaller payout. Several sites use a schedule where the bettor can lose one bet on a 4-6 event progressive parlay, can lose up to two bets on a 7-9 event progressive parlay, and up to three bets on a 10-12 event progressive parlay.
The term has also been used for a long series of wagers on roulette or other gambling games, where the bettor attempts to rely on a "stream of luck".

## Strategies

Several strategies have been suggested by gambling consultants when wagering on parlays or progressive parlays, one of them being to pick interrelated outcomes. For example, a bettor may believe that one team is likely to win if the game is a low-scoring affair while the other team is almost certain to win if the game becomes a high scoring shootout. If the bettor uses a parlay to bet on the first team along with an under bet against the point total, he stands to gain 2.6 units ($260 if $100 is bet) on an original investment of 1 unit (the most common unit in betting is $100 although any amount can be substituted as a unit) compared to a payout of just 1.82 units ($182) if the bets are made independently of each other. Conversely, if both outcomes are missed, one will only lose his original 1 unit investment rather than the 2 units one would lose if it had wagered on the events individually. This minimized risk is another notable potential positive of a parlay. If a bettor wishes to bet on a significant number of events without putting a substantial amount of his total bankroll at stake, parlays may represent an attractive option. By turning 12 individual events into four 3 event parlays, the bettor reduces the number of units he is risking from 12 to 4 while simultaneously increasing his potential payout if all events are correctly picked.
# SS Marsland (1926)

SS Marsland was an English cargo vessel, constructed in 1926. She is most notable for running aground and wrecking on the Vestal Rocks, at North Head, just outside the city of St. John's, Newfoundland.

## Service history

SS Marsland was constructed in 1926 by Lithgrows Ltd. in Glasgow, Scotland; her engine was constructed by Rankin and Blackmore Ltd. in Greenock, Scotland. She was owned by the Walmar Steamship Company and operated by Kaye, Son and Company Ltd.
Marsland was a frequent visitor to Newfoundland, often visiting St. John's and Corner Brook. She would primarily transport fishery salt from Europe to Newfoundland and would return to Europe carrying salt fish.

### Grounding

In early July 1933, under the command of Capt. Williams, Marsland was en route from Cadiz, Spain, with a load of salt. Upon approaching the Narrows outside St. John's Harbour, on July 2, Capt. Williams noted there was significantly more traffic than usual. A small schooner cut in front of the Marsland, causing Capt. Williams to order the Marslands engines full astern and to wheel hard over. The Marsland swerved and successfully avoided the schooner, but the Marsland grounded on the Vestal Rocks just below Fort Amherst.

### Attempted recovery

Within the hour, tugs Hugh D. and Mouton and the Arras arrived to assist. They attached hawsers and pulled from different directions. The crew of the Marsland quickly put to work dumping the salt cargo over the side to lighten the load and re-float the ship. This was to no avail, as she was firmly wedged between the Vestal Rocks. The ship's agents, Bowring Brothers, recruited the Reid Newfoundland Company steamers, SS Argyle and SS Meigle, to tow the Marsland free. This attempt failed, as the lines kept snapping, and pulled the Marsland on to her broad side and to the edge of an underwater cliff.
The Salvage Association deemed it necessary for an ocean tug to be recruited to free the Marsland. The SS Foundation Franklin arrived on July 9 with divers to assess the damage on the Marsland's hull. The vessel was boarded up, sealed off and the salvage team started pumps. Slowly, the Marsland began to regain some buoyancy. Waves caused the Marsland to crash into the rocks, damaging her hull faster than the salvage team could fix it. Poor weather caused the crew of the Foundation Franklin to abandon the effort and seek shelter in St. John's. After the storm cleared, insurers declared the Marsland a total loss. The crew of the Foundation Franklin retrieved their gear and stripped the Marsland of any remaining fittings and equipment. The Marsland was now sitting completely on her side.
It was rumoured that the visiting HMS Norfolk was going to blow up the Marsland; however, this never occurred.

### Fate

In October 1933, a heavy storm battered the Marsland and she finally slid from the rocks, down the underwater cliff, coming to a rest on the ocean floor, just outside the Narrows.
# Mitt lille land (2011 album)

Mitt lille land ("My Little Country") is a 2011 album released by the Norwegian People's Aid and Sony Music as a memorial album for the 2011 Norway attacks. Its name is from the song Mitt lille land by Ole Paus and includes two versions of this song, performed by Maria Mena and Ole Paus. As of October 2011, it was the best-selling music album in Norway. The album has the subtitle "til minne on 22.7.11" and contains, in addition to the title song "Mitt lille land" by Ole Paus in two versions, other songs that were performed in the aftermath of the terrorist attack in Norway.

## Track listing

* Mitt lille land performed by Maria Mena
* Til ungdommen performed by Herborg Kråkevik
* Barn av regnbuen performed by Maria Solheim
* Eg ser performed by Bjørn Eidsvåg
* Kjærlighetsvisa performed by Halvdan Sivertsen
* Tyven, tyven performed by Dum Dum Boys
* Engler i sneen performed by Jonas Fjeld and Lynni Treekrem
* Det fine vi hadd’ sammen performed by DDE
* Ei hand å holde i performed by Jørn Hoel
* Alt eg såg performed by Sigvart Dagsland
* Til dem du e gla o performed by Kråkesølv and Magnus Eliassen
* Gje meg handa di, ven performed by Kurt Nilsen and Helene Bøksle
* Rose, performed by Hanne Krogh
* Det hainnle om å leve performed by Kine Hellebust
* Vitae Lux, performed by Ole Edvard Antonsen
* Vårherres klinkekule performed by Haddy N'jie and Kringkastingsorkesteret (live)
* Lys og varme performed by Åge Aleksandersen and Kringkastingsorkesteret (live)
* Mitt lille land performed by Ole Paus
# Löfven Cabinet

Löfven Cabinet may refer to:
* Löfven I Cabinet, the first cabinet of Stefan Löfven (2014–2019)
* Löfven II Cabinet, the second cabinet of Stefan Löfven (2019–2021)
* Löfven III Cabinet, the third cabinet of Stefan Löfven (2021)
# A Place to Call Home (novel)

A Place To Call Home is a romance novel by Deborah Smith published in 1997. The novel revolves around a female character living in a culturally and economically wealthy family in the Southern United States. It reached number 28 in the New York Times Bestseller List for paperbacks in 1998.
# Welt (band)

Welt is a punk rock band formed in Sacramento, California in 1993 by Jason Cooper, who has been the only constant member.

## History

Welt signed to the Dr. Dream label, releasing the "Lame" single in 1994. The band's debut album, Better Days, was released in 1995. Kicked in the Teeth Again (1996) was seen as a progression. The band relocated to Orange County in 1998, releasing third album Broke Down the same year.
The band underwent several lineup changes prior to the late 1990s. Since then the band has been more stable, with Cooper joined by guitarists Tobe Bean and Todd Harper and drummer Marc Harrismendy. In 2000 the band signed with B.Y.O. Records.
Two of the band's tracks ("Get Lost" and "Broken") were used in the soundtrack of the film 21 (2000), and "The World is Mine" was used in the 2002 film The Skulls II.
In 2009, Cooper released the album The Shop Tapes under the name Jason Welt.

## Discography
### Albums

* Better Days (1995), Dr. Dream
* Kicked in the Teeth Again (1996), Dr. Dream
* Broke Down (1998), Dr. Dream
* Brand New Dream (2001), Golf
* Ashes to Ashes (2005), Cider City

#### Jason Welt

* The Shop Tapes (2009), Cider City

### Singles

* "Lame" (1994), Dr. Dream
# Samuel Goldwyn Writing Awards

The Samuel Goldwyn Writing Awards are bestowed annually by the Samuel Goldwyn Foundation, which is funded by a trust established by the Goldwyn family. Started in 1955, the awards are a competitive writing prize open to all University of California students. As of October, 2006, the first prize in the awards is $15,000.
While winners are unknown students when they receive the award, many go on to be prominent writers and filmmakers. Previous award winners include Francis Ford Coppola, Allison Anders, Carolyn See, Eric Roth, James Robert Baker, Jonathan Kellerman, Steve Erickson, Colin Higgins, Pamela Gray, Carroll Ballard, and Scott Rosenberg.
The final round of the awards are judged by prominent writers, directors, and entertainers, who have included Moss Hart, Billy Wilder, George Stevens, Sidney Poitier, Denzel Washington, Dustin Hoffman, James Brooks, David Mamet, A. Scott Berg, and David Lynch.
# 3-Bromofuran

3-Bromofuran is a colorless, organic compound with the molecular formula C$_4$H$_3$BrO. A versatile intermediate product for synthesizing more complex compounds, it used in the syntheses of a variety of economically important drugs.
A liquid at room temperature, it has a similar boiling point to water (102.5-102.6 °C), but with a significantly higher density (1.6606 g/cm3 at 20 °C). While colorless when pure, it can appear light yellow when minor impurities are present. It is usually stabilized by calcium carbonate.

## Synthesis

3-Bromofuran was obtained in minor amounts in 1887 as a by-product in a reaction of 3-bromofuroic acid with calcium hydroxide. Four decades later, it was prepared deliberately and in higher yield. 3-bromofuran has since also been prepared from 3,4-dibromofuran via ortho-metalation with butyllithium in good yield. A synthesis of 3-bromofuran is due to Fechtel who prepared this compound via a Diels Alder-bromination-reverse Diels Alder sequence.

## Applications

3-Bromofuran is a useful starting material for 3-substituted furans, a structural motif widespread in chemotherapy agents, HIV drugs, type 2 diabetes treatments, drugs for osteoporosis and experimental drugs for Alzheimer's disease. For example, the total synthesis of (+)Cacospongionolide B, a sesterterpene with anti-inflammatory properties, has been accomplished using 3-bromofuran as a starting compound. It was also used to synthesize Rosefuran, a constituent chemical of the odor of the rose and an insect sex attractant. 3-bromofuran was reacted with 3,3-dimethylallyl bromide and lithium diisopropylamide, followed by reaction at with iodomethane and N-butyllithium.
The total synthesis of (−)-neothiobinupharidine, a bioactive alkaloid isolated from Nuphar pumila (the small yellow pond-lily) was accomplished in eight steps employing two moles of 3-bromofuran. Similarly, one of the steps of the total synthesis of Salvinorin A, the primary hallucinogenic compound in Salvia divinorum, a Mexican plant used by Mazatec shamans, used 3-bromofuran as a reactant.
# Longkou–Yantai railway

The Longkou–Yantai railway (Chinese: 龙烟铁路; pinyin: Lóng–Yān tiělù) is a railway line in Yantai, Shandong, China.

## History

Construction of the line began in November 2013 and was completed in October 2017. The line opened on 19 December 2017. Passenger services were introduced on 22 January 2018.

## Route

The line is 113 kilometres (70 miles) long and has a maximum speed of 160 kilometres per hour (99 miles per hour). The line starts at Longkou West railway station on the Dajiawa–Laizhou–Longkou railway. and continues east. It end at Zhuji railway station on the Lancun–Yantai railway.
# Prislop (river)

The Prislop is a right tributary of the river Doftana in Romania. It discharges into the Doftana in Trăisteni. Its length is 15 km (9.3 mi) and its basin size is 39 km$^2$ (15 sq mi).
# Boško Perošević

Boško Perošević (Serbian Cyrillic: Бошко Перошевић; 17 September 1956 – 13 May 2000) was a Serbian politician and former Chairman of the Executive Council of Vojvodina. He was assassinated in 2000.

## Biography

Perošević was born in Odžaci and grew up in the near-by village of Ratkovo. He completed elementary and secondary school in Ratkovo and Odžaci, then Higher School of machine engineering and Economical Faculty in Subotica and received his master's degree at the Technological Faculty in Novi Sad. He visited the Soviet Union as a student and in addition to Serbian, he spoke Russian and English.
In the specialized magazines he released several professional papers, while as a designer of tools and devices he patented several innovations. He published a study Kalupi za injekciono presovanje plastomera and together with three co-authors was published a book Promenama do uspešnog preduzeća.
In the one time he was worked as an engineer in the industry Ivo Lola Ribar from Odžaci, then was in 1992 appointed as a president of the municipal assembly of Odžaci. In this function he spent only one year, and in 1993 he became the Chairman of the Executive Council of Vojvodina.
From that foundation, Perošević was a member of Slobodan Milošević's Socialist Party of Serbia and of the provincial committee of that party and between 1990 and 1995 he was a president of the committee.

## Death

Perošević was killed on 13 May 2000, during the tour of Novi Sad Fair, after a shot in the head. His assassin was Milivoje Gutović from Perošević's home village of Ratkovo, the doorman of the Fair.