OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Landrecht (medieval)

The Landrecht (German:, "customary law of the region", plural: Landrechte) was the law applying within an individual state in the Holy Roman Empire during the Middle Ages and Early Modern times. The state laws that emerged in the territories of the empire from the 12th century onwards had been developed from the older tribal laws of the Saxons, Swabians, Bavarians and Bohemians. Through privileges and laws passed by the territorial princes as well as the jurisprudence of the Landgerichte or state courts, these ancient rights were supplemented and developed. Later Roman law was also accepted and incorporated into the Landrechte. The Landrecht was only applied to the burghers of a town in a secondary way, because they came primarily under municipal law and the autonomous jurisdiction of their communities.

## Ambit

The Landrechte contained regulations for all possible branches of law: criminal law, private law, policing, feudal law and constitutional law. However these areas were not necessarily comprehensively covered. Often they operated alongside Saxon Law (Sachsenrecht), Roman law and more recent, imperial, legal regulations.

## Overview

The various Landrechte were written down at very different times. The Austrian Landrecht had already been developed by the Babenberg period and was recorded around 1278 by King Rudolph I and in 1298 under Albert I. Based on the customary law (Gewohnheitsrecht) of the state of Styria, it was probably written down in the 2nd half of the 14th century and also applied to Carinthia. The Tyrolean Landrecht emerged in the late 13th century and, in 1328, Archbishop Frederick III consolidated it and made it the law of Salzburg by passing an ordinance (Landesordnung). In the Palatinate, the Landrecht was not recorded until the 16th century. The Bohemian Landrecht developed primarily as a result of the aggregation of judgments by the regional court (Landgericht), which were compiled into the so-called Landtafeln. The Bohemian development also influenced Moravian Landrecht and the law in parts of Silesia.
The emergence of Landrechte in the Middle Ages was crucial in the formation of countries, because they were able to constitute themselves as a legal community of free inhabitants. Once they were formed as such, they remained mostly intact as independent legal and political units, even where several states were united under the rule of one dynasty, for example, in the case of the various territories under the Habsburg monarchy.
With the promulgation of the German Civil Code, the Landrechte were superseded.
# Tactical beacon

A tactical beacon or TACBE as it is often known to be used by British and American armed forces (usually by Special Forces) for many years. Its primary role is to contact planes or helicopters which may be overhead or nearby. The system's main use is a distress signal, sending out a constant danger message to AWACS planes. However, it can also be used as a short range communications device with local aircraft. Using it indicates that one is in danger and needs help.
# Osteospermum burttianum

Osteospermum burttianum is a species of plant from South Africa.

## Description
### Growthform

This shrublet is densely leafy and hairless. It grows up to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall.

### Leaves

The hairless leaves are attached directly to the stems and are alternately arranged. They have a distinct midrib and the margins are either finely toothed or rough with small, brownish hairs. They have a leathery texture.

### Flowers

Flowers are most common between December and May. Flowers may, however, be present until August. They are yellow in colour. They grow in solitary capitula and are heterogamous. They grow on stalks that are 3–10 cm (1.2–3.9 in) long with 1-3 bract-like leaves.
The involucre has a diameter of 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) and is made of 8-13 narrow bracts. They have short. dark-tipped glandular hairs and net-like veination.
The ray florets are female. There are 8-11 of them per flowerhead. The tube lobes are somewhat oval shaped and crested at the tips. They lack a midvein. The ovary is a narrow hairless and two-veined oblong. In the male florets, the stamen are 2 mm (0.079 in) long. The style is sterile and tipped with a cone surrounded by a fringe of short hairs.

### Fruit and seeds

This plant produces obscurely ribbed achenes (dry fruit containing a single seed) They are 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

This species is endemic to the Langeberg Mountains in the Western Cape of South Africa. It has a range of less than 500 km$^2$ (190 sq mi), in which two populations occur. It prefers steep rocky sandstone slopes. It is found on south facing slopes at an altitude of over 1,000 m (3,300 ft).

## Etymology

This species is named after B.L. (Bill) Burtt in honour of his contributions to the knowledge of South African phytogeography and the family Asteraceae.

## Conservation

While Osteospermum burttianum does not currently experience any threats, its small range means that it is currently classified as rare by the South African National Biodiversity Institute.
# Willow Reservoir

The Willow Reservoir or Willow Flowage is an artificial lake in Oneida County, Wisconsin formed by a dam on the Tomahawk River. The dam and reservoir level are controlled by the Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company as part of regulating the overall flow of the upper Wisconsin River. When full, Willow Reservoir has a surface area of 6306 acres.
Other major inflows to the Willow Reservoir are the Willow River and Swampsauger Creek.
# Swimming at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's 200 metre breaststroke

The men's 200 metre breaststroke event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games was held on 5 April at the Gold Coast Aquatic Centre.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world, Commonwealth and Games records were as follows:
| World record | Ippei Watanabe (JPN) | 2:06.67 | Tokyo, Japan | 29 January 2017 |
| Commonwealth record | Ross Murdoch (SCO) | 2:07.30 | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 24 July 2014 |
| Games record | Ross Murdoch (SCO) | 2:07.30 | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 24 July 2014 |

## Schedule

The schedule is as follows:
All times are Australian Eastern Standard Time (UTC+10)
| Date | Time | Round |
| Thursday 5 April 2018 | 12:07 | Qualifying |
| Thursday 5 April 2018 | 21:44 | Final |

## Results
### Heats

| Rank | Heat | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | 4 | Ross Murdoch | Scotland | 2:08.77 | Q |
| 2 | 1 | 4 | Matt Wilson | Australia | 2:09.74 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | 3 | James Wilby | England | 2:10.07 | Q |
| 4 | 2 | 5 | Andrew Willis | England | 2:10.52 | Q |
| 5 | 2 | 2 | Calum Tait | Scotland | 2:10.83 | Q |
| 6 | 1 | 2 | Elijah Wall | Canada | 2:11.47 | Q |
| 7 | 2 | 6 | George Harley | Australia | 2:11.62 | Q |
| 8 | 1 | 5 | Craig Benson | Scotland | 2:12.13 | Q |
| 9 | 1 | 6 | Ayrton Sweeney | South Africa | 2:13.27 | |
| 10 | 1 | 3 | Zac Stubblety-Cook | Australia | 2:15.71 | |
| 11 | 2 | 7 | Luan Grobbelaar | South Africa | 2:18.90 | |
| 12 | 1 | 7 | Taichi Vakasama Taichi | Fiji | 2:21.07 | |
| 13 | 2 | 1 | Jonathan Chung Yee | Mauritius | 2:22.71 | |
| 14 | 1 | 1 | Leonard Kalate | Papua New Guinea | 2:30.23 | |
| 15 | 2 | 8 | Samuele Rossi | Seychelles | 2:32.99 | |
| 16 | 1 | 8 | Jadon Wuilliez | Antigua and Barbuda | 2:39.88 | |

### Final

| Rank | Lane | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | 3 | James Wilby | England | 2:08.05 |
| | 4 | Ross Murdoch | Scotland | 2:08.32 |
| | 5 | Matt Wilson | Australia | 2:08.64 |
| 4 | 6 | Andrew Willis | England | 2:09.31 |
| 5 | 1 | George Harley | Australia | 2:10.04 |
| 6 | 8 | Craig Benson | Scotland | 2:10.09 |
| 7 | 2 | Calum Tait | Scotland | 2:11.67 |
| 8 | 7 | Elijah Wall | Canada | 2:11.94 |
# Thomas O'Neil

Thomas O'Neil may refer to:
* Thomas O'Neil (cricketer), New Zealand cricketer
* Thomas F. O'Neil, chairman of RKO General studios
* Thomas Michael O'Neil, American physicist
* Tommy O'Neil, English footballer
# Songar

Songar may refer to:
* Asisguard Songar, Turkish combat drone rotorcraft
* Triazolam, by trade name Songar
* Zungar people
# Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 7

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ENTPD7 gene.

## Function

This gene encodes a purine-converting ectoenzyme which belongs to the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) family. The encoded protein hydrolyzes extracellular nucleoside triphosphates (UTP, GTP, and CTP) to nucleoside monophosphates as part of a purinergic signaling pathway. It contains two transmembrane domains at the N- and C-termini and a large, hydrophobic catalytic domain located in between. This gene affects oxidative stress as well as DNA damage and is a mediator of senescence. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2017].
# Feudal baronies in Devonshire

According to Sanders (1960) there were eight certain or probable English feudal baronies in Devonshire:
* Feudal barony of Bampton
* Feudal barony of Bradninch
* Feudal barony of Great Torrington
* Feudal barony of Okehampton
* Feudal barony of Totnes
* Feudal barony of Barnstaple
* Feudal barony of Berry Pomeroy
* Feudal barony of Plympton
Writing in the early 17th century William Pole stated that there were an additional four feudal baronies: Dartington, Harberton, Bishop of Exeter, Abbot of Tavistock
# TV Jahn Hiesfeld

The Turnverein Jahn Hiesfeld e.V. is a German sports club in Dinslaken.
In addition to association football, handball, hockey, tennis, athletics, swimming, volleyball, and taekwondo, various recreational sports and gymnastics courses are also offered.

## History

TV Jahn Hiesfeld was founded on 14 October 1906, but it was only in 1945 when it created the football department. The club is so far one of the largest in the Lower Rhine.
The club currently plays in the tier five Oberliga Niederrhein.

## Honours

The club's honours:
* Lower Rhine Cup
** Runners-up: 2014

## Former players

* Wolfgang de Beer, former West German U-21 international, former goalkeeping coach of Borussia Dortmund
* Serkan Çalik, later played for Gençlerbirliği

## Former coaches

* Christian Schreier (2010–2011)
# Barbados men's national volleyball team

The Barbados men's national volleyball team represents Barbados in international volleyball competitions. The dominant forces in men's volleyball in North and Central America are Cuba and the United States.

## Results

    7th - 2001 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship
    8th - 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
    6th - 2007 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship

## Squads
### 2001 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship Squad

* Head Coach: Ludger Niles
| # | Name | Date of Birth | Weight | Height | Spike | Block |
| 1 | Paul Nicholls | 20.04.1981 | 61 | 178 | 318 | 305 |
| 2 | Jamal Nedd | 19.02.1982 | 87 | 195 | 325 | 315 |
| 3 | Fabian Cox | 09.01.1980 | 81 | 180 | 335 | 315 |
| 4 | Rodney Mayers | 10.02.1976 | 84 | 178 | 318 | 305 |
| 6 | Renier Grace | 26.10.1978 | 85 | 195 | 325 | 315 |
| 9 | Andy Jordan | 15.03.1966 | 88 | 195 | 335 | 320 |
| 10 | Gregory Burke | 05.11.1973 | 87 | 195 | 335 | 320 |
| 11 | Henderson Dottin | 09.11.1980 | 81 | 196 | 335 | 330 |
| 13 | Adrian Price | 01.03.1982 | 77 | 185 | 325 | 315 |
| 16 | Cedric Proverbs | 27.10.1971 | 87 | 193 | 330 | 320 |
| 17 | Dale Addison | 22.02.1976 | 90 | 187 | 325 | 320 |

### 2007 Men's NORCECA Volleyball Championship Squad

* Head Coach: Ludger Niles
| # | Name | Date of Birth | Weight | Height | Spike | Block |
| 1 | Dwight Carter | 23.07.1986 | 86 | 185 | 305 | 300 |
| 2 | Jamal Nedd | 19.02.1982 | 87 | 195 | 325 | 315 |
| 5 | Elwyn Oxley (c) | 11.02.1987 | 85 | 185 | 320 | 315 |
| 6 | Renier Grace | 26.10.1978 | 90 | 195 | 325 | 315 |
| 8 | Romel Agard | 28.11.1985 | 88 | 200 | 330 | 320 |
| 9 | Daran Gill | 02.01.1985 | 86 | 195 | 325 | 320 |
| 11 | Adrian Price | 01.03.1982 | 85 | 187 | 320 | 315 |
| 12 | Justin Bennett | 04.04.1989 | 86 | 190 | 320 | 315 |
| 13 | Alain London | 14.10.1987 | 86 | 190 | 320 | 315 |
| 14 | Shawn Simpson | 08.03.1984 | 88 | 197 | 325 | 320 |
| 17 | Dale Addison | 22.02.1976 | 90 | 187 | 325 | 320 |
| 18 | Damien Danzell | 12.03.1985 | 86 | 190 | 320 | 315 |
# Monster You Made

"Monster You Made" is the seventh single from Pop Evil, and is the second single from War of Angels, their second studio album. The song begins with a sorrowful riff before lead vocalist Leigh Kakaty initial hurt riddled verse.

## Premise

The song is said to be written from the point of view of the band themselves being a successful ensemble dealing with the allures that come with notoriety in the music business. The song begs an individual to look at their life.

## Video

The video was filmed in Chicago and directed by Robby Starbuck.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| US Mainstream Rock (Billboard) | 6 |
| US Rock Songs (Billboard) | 22 |
# Valo

Valo may refer to:

## Surname

* Elmer Valo (1921–1998), American baseball player
* Jesse Valo (born 1984), Finnish kickboxer and musician, former member of Iconcrash
* Ville Valo (born 1976), Finnish musician

## Music

* Valo, a 1996 album by Essi Wuorela
* Valo, a 2000 album by Yö
* Valo, a 2013 album by Sakari Kukko

## Other

* VALO-CD, a distribution of open-source software on a CD for Microsoft Windows
* Adelaide 500 also known as Clipsal 500; a race in Adelaide
# Mr. Keegan's Elopement

Mr. Keegan's Elopement is a short story published by American writer Winston Churchill in June 1896 in The Century Magazine. His first published story, it was republished in book format by Churchill's publisher Macmillan in June 1903 following the success of his first three novels, especially 1899's Richard Carvel.
# Antoxya

Antoxya is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.

## Species

* Antoxya oxynoides (Bezzi, 1924)
# Lampshades on Fire

"Lampshades on Fire" is a song by American alternative rock band Modest Mouse. It is the lead single from their sixth studio album Strangers to Ourselves, released on December 15, 2014. This song as well as the entire Strangers to Ourselves album was mixed by Joe Zook.
A music video for the song was produced in November 2015 by director Jorges Torres Torres. It starred Natasha Lyonne, as well as several local bands from Athens, Georgia including "Muuy Biien, Ginko, Sad Dads, DIP, Monsoon and more."

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2014–15) | Peak position |
| Mexico (Mexico Ingles Airplay) | 42 |
| Canada Rock (Billboard) | 3 |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 12 |
| US Rock Airplay (Billboard) | 2 |
| US Adult Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 1 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2015) | Position |
| US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard) | 40 |
| US Rock Airplay (Billboard) | 16 |
# Castle in Hagley Park

52°25′25″N 2°06′21″W﻿ / ﻿52.42361°N 2.10583°W﻿ / 52.42361; -2.10583
The folly castle in the park of Hagley Hall is a Grade II* listed building and the largest building in Hagley Park. It was designed by Sanderson Miller for George Lyllelton in the middle of the 18th century to look like a small ruined medieval castle.

## Eighteenth century

The building of the castle (and another folly called the rotunda), was started in 1747 while Sir Thomas Lyttelton was still alive (he died in 1751) so he was not opposed to the modernisation of his park with suitable fashionable ornamental follies, but the credit for its creation is usually given to his son and heir George Lyttelton (the future 1st Lord Lyttelton).
The Gothic Revival castle is rectangular with a round tower at each corner. Only the tower in the north-west is complete to a height of four storeys and an attached adjoining taller stair turret both topped with battlements. The top floor of the completed tower has large pointed windows, it has a "domed ceiling with Gothic plaster decoration, cusped pointed niches alternating with the windows and above the door is a quatrefoil containing a coat of arms". The floors below have smaller rectangular and Lancet windows (some of them cusped).
The other towers are one or two storeys high with small rectangular windows and built to look as if they are ruined, (this effect was achieved by building the parts of the walls furthers from the castle's bailey higher than those closest allowing sloped roofs invisible to an observer outside the bailey).
The curtain walls are also built to look as if they are ruins. The west wall is the most complete with three tall windows two of which are complete enough to contain Gothic arches. Below the middle window is a Gothic arched doorway which are three shield reliefs.
The towers and curtain walls are faced with sandstone some of which may well have been taken from the ruins of Halesowen Abbey.

## Nineteenth century

In the nineteenth century a single story building with a hipped slate roof was built next to the north-west tower. On the south side the entrance is through a gabled rustic timber porch; to its right there is a three-light casement window with four-centered head and latticed lights.
# Thracia convexa

Thracia convexa is a bivalve mollusc in the family Thraciidae.

## Description

Thracia convexa grows to about 6 centimetres (2.4 in) in length. The shell is inflated and brittle and the right valve is slightly larger and more convex than the left one. The outline is roughly triangular with the anterior end rounded and the posterior end somewhat elongated. The surface is sculptured with fine concentric lines and a slight ridge extends from the umbone to the margin of the valve on the posterior end. There are both external and internal ligaments joining the valves and there are no teeth on the hinge. On the inside of the valve, the posterior adductor muscle scar is large and triangular while the anterior one is long and thin. The pallial sinus is small. The valves gape at the posterior end where the two separate sinuses emerge. The colour of the valves is white both outside and inside and the periostracum, when present, is yellowish green.

## Distribution

Thracia convexa is found in the north east Atlantic, its range extending from Norway to the Mediterranean Sea. It is distributed widely round the coasts of Britain where it burrows in sandy or muddy substrates, extending its siphons to the surface to breathe and feed.
# Cantwell

Cantwell or Cantwells may refer to:

## Places

* Cantwell, Alaska, a US census-designated place
* Cantwell, West Virginia
* Cantwell's Court, a townland in County Kilkenny, Ireland
* Cantwells Run, a stream in Ohio

## Other uses

* Cantwell (surname), people with the surname Cantwell
* Cantwell Fada (also known as the Long Man), an effigy of a knight on display in the ruins of a 14th-century church in Kilfane, near Thomastown in County Kilkenny, Ireland
* Cantwell v. Connecticut, a US Supreme Court case
# Barbados at the Paralympics

Barbados first competed at the Paralympic Games in 2000. It has participated in five Summer Paralympics since then. The country has never taken part in the Winter Paralympics and has never won a Paralympic medal. Only two people have represented Barbados at the games: Daniel Coulthurst, who competed in cycling in 2000 and 2004, and David Taylor, who competed in swimming in 2008.
# Monte Plata Batley Juan Sanchez Field

Monte Plata Batley Juan Sanchez Airport is located in Monte Plata, Dominican Republic. This Airport receive some charter flights from other cities in the country.

## Airlines and destinations

* Servicios Aéreos Profesionales (Several Domestics Destinations) [charter]
# Blagger (video game)

Blagger is a platform game created by Antony Crowther for the Commodore 64 and released by Alligata in 1983. A BBC Micro port was released the same year, Acorn Electron, Amstrad CPC (through Amsoft) and MSX in 1984, Commodore 16 and Plus/4 in 1985 and Amstrad PCW in 1987. In some countries this game was released under the name Gangster.
Son of Blagger, was released in 1984 with a third and final title Blagger Goes to Hollywood released in 1985. Another sequel, known as New Blagger but developed as Blagger 2, being a direct continuation of the original, was produced in 1985 but not released.

## Gameplay

The game is divided into a series of single-screen levels. The goal of the player on each screen is to manipulate Roger, a burglar, to collect the scattered keys and then reach the safe. The keys must be collected and the safe opened in a limited amount of time. Blagger can walk left and right, and jump left, right and up. The jumping action is in a fixed pattern and cannot be altered once initiated. Gameplay involves learning the best order in which to collect the keys, and good timing of movement and jumping.
Not all platforms are permanent; some decay once Blagger has stepped on them. Other platforms serve to move Blagger in a particular direction. Blagger will die if he touches cacti, one of the moving enemy obstacles of the level, or if he falls more than a certain distance. The moving enemies vary from level to level, and include cars, aliens, mad hatters, and giant mouths. The movement of the enemies is in a fixed pattern, generally travelling from one point to another and back again.
The BBC and Electron versions feature floating "RG"s as hazards (R.G. being the initials of the programmer of those versions, R.S. Goodley).
# Fibular retinacula

The fibular retinacula (also known as peroneal retinacula) are fibrous retaining bands that bind down the tendons of the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles as they run across the side of the ankle. (Retinaculum is Latin for "retainer.")
These bands consist of the superior fibular retinaculum and the inferior fibular retinaculum. The superior fibers are attached above to the lateral malleolus and below to the lateral surface of the calcaneus. The inferior fibers are continuous in front with those of the inferior extensor retinaculum of the foot; behind they are attached to the lateral surface of the calcaneus; some of the fibers are fixed to the calcaneal tubercle, forming a septum between the tendons of the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis.
# Catasetum deltoideum

Catasetum deltoideum, the triangular catasetum, is a species of orchid found from Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname and Brazil.

## Description

This medium-sized orchid is epiphytic in forest at higher elevations.
It has oblong-fusiform stems (pseudobulbs) carrying deciduous, ridged, many nerved, oblong-lanceolate, acute leaves. The leaves 4–5. Inflorescence arching to horizontal, 8-10 flowered. Male flowers resupinate, triangular. sepals and petals are lanceolate, dark green marked with maroon. lip also triangular, white. Female flowers green. sepals and petals recurved.
# The Black Swan, Oldstead

The Black Swan is a restaurant with rooms at Oldstead, in North Yorkshire, England which provides food, drink and accommodation. Its restaurant, run by chef Tommy Banks, has been awarded a Michelin Star and Four AA Rosettes. It was rated the best restaurant in the world in 2017 by TripAdvisor.

## History

The Black Swan is a 16th-century building at Oldstead in the southwest corner of the North York Moors National Park. The inn had been used for many years by travellers visiting nearby attractions such as Byland Abbey, the Kilburn White Horse and Shandy Hall. In 1840, the licensed victualler was Ann Easton.
In 2006, The Black Swan was bought by Tom and Anne Banks. Their sons Tommy and James became involved in the running of the pub and restaurant, with Tommy working in the kitchen and James running the front of the house. In 2010, The Black Swan won Two AA Rosettes and was voted AA Pub of the Year in England.
In 2012, the restaurant won a Michelin Star with Adam Jackson as head chef. When Jackson left to set up his own restaurant in June 2013, Tommy Banks took over as head chef. The restaurant retained its Michelin Star and Banks, at the age of 24, became the youngest chef to hold a Michelin Star. In 2016, the restaurant was awarded Four Rosettes by the AA. In 2017, TripAdvisor named it The Best Restaurant in the World based on customers' reviews, the first British restaurant to top their list since it began in 2012.