OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# M/D/c queue

In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, an M/D/c queue represents the queue length in a system having c servers, where arrivals are determined by a Poisson process and job service times are fixed (deterministic). The model name is written in Kendall's notation. Agner Krarup Erlang first published on this model in 1909, starting the subject of queueing theory. The model is an extension of the M/D/1 queue which has only a single server.

## Model definition

An M/D/c queue is a stochastic process whose state space is the set {0,1,2,3,...} where the value corresponds to the number of customers in the system, including any currently in service.
* Arrivals occur at rate λ according to a Poisson process and move the process from state i to i + 1.
* Service times are deterministic time D (serving at rate μ = 1/D).
* c servers serve customers from the front of the queue, according to a first-come, first-served discipline. When the service is complete the customer leaves the queue and the number of customers in the system reduces by one.
* The buffer is of infinite size, so there is no limit on the number of customers it can contain.

## Waiting time distribution

Erlang showed that when ρ = (λ D)/c < 1, the waiting time distribution has distribution F(y) given by
       $F(y)=\int _{0}^{\infty }F(x+y-D){\frac {\lambda ^{c}x^{c-1}}{(c-1)!}}e^{-\lambda x}{\text{d}}x,\quad y\geq 0\quad c\in \mathbb {N} .$
Crommelin showed that, writing P$_n$ for the stationary probability of a system with n or fewer customers,
       $\mathbb {P} (W\leq x)=\sum _{n=0}^{c-1}P_{n}\sum _{k=1}^{m}{\frac {(-\lambda (x-kD))^{(k+1)c-1-n}}{((K+1)c-1-n)!}}e^{\lambda (x-kD)},\quad mD\leq x<(m+1)D.$
# Stuart Forbes (rower)

Stuart Forbes is a British former rower who competed for Great Britain and England.

## Rowing career

Forbes represented Great Britain in World Rowing Cup. He represented England and won a gold medal in the lightweight coxless four, at the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland.
# Scottish Certificate of Education

The Scottish Certificate of Education (or SCE) was a Scottish secondary education certificate, used in schools and sixth form institutions, from 1962 until 1999. It replaced the older Junior Secondary Certificate (JSC) and the Scottish Leaving Certificate (SLC), and it was the Scottish equivalent of the General Certificate of Education (or GCE), used in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. One primary distinction between the Scottish Leaving Certificate and the Scottish Certificate of Education was that the latter had less strict regulations in terms of compulsory subjects and workload of the individual curricula.

## Levels of Award

The SCE was intended to cater for the increased range of subjects available to pupils since the raising of the school leaving age from 14 to 15. It initially included examinations and awards at both Ordinary Grade ('O-Grade') and Higher Grade ('Higher'). The Ordinary Grade award was replaced with the Standard Grade award, and the Higher Grade award was revised, during second half of the 1980s. These changes placed increased emphasis on coursework and the application of knowledge within tests.
The now-obsolete Certificate of Sixth Year Studies (a qualification taken by many in their final year after passing the subject at Higher Grade) was not a part of the Scottish Certificate of Education. However, both were awarded by the Scottish Examination Board (and its successor, the Scottish Qualifications Authority).

## Successors

The Scottish Certificate of Education was replaced by the Scottish Qualifications Certificate (SQC) which was first issued from January 2000, after the last examinations of the Scottish Certificate of Education in 1999. The SQC also incorporated the CSYS (although this was in the final stages of being replaced with the Advanced Higher) and the Record of Education and Training (RET).
The SQC certifies the new qualifications that were introduced in 2014. These include the new National 3, 4 and 5 qualifications, revised Higher and Advanced Higher qualifications as part of the Curriculum for Excellence.
# Abby Allan

Abby Allan is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Allan made her Football Ferns début in a 0–1 loss to Bulgaria on 24 August 1994, and finished her international career with six caps to her credit. She went on to play in the United States on a full scholarship to Fairfield University where she still holds the all-time scoring record, was voted to All-America team and inducted into the Fairfield University Hall of Fame. #15
# Master regulator gene

In genetics, a master regulator gene is a regulator gene at the top of a gene regulation hierarchy, particularly in regulatory pathways related to cell fate and differentiation.

## Examples

Most genes considered master regulators code for transcription factor proteins, which in turn alter the expression of downstream genes in the pathway. Canonical examples of master regulators include Oct-4 (also called POU5F1), SOX2, and NANOG, all transcription factors involved in maintaining pluripotency in stem cells. Master regulators involved in development and morphogenesis can also appear as oncogenes relevant to tumorigenesis and metastasis, as with the Twist transcription factor.
Other genes reported as master regulators code for SR proteins, which function as splicing factors, and some noncoding RNAs.

## Criticism

The master regulator concept has been criticized for being a "simplified paradigm" that fails to account for the multifactorial influences on some cell fates.
# Complainte pour Ste. Catherine

"Complainte pour Ste. Catherine" is a song written by Canadians Philippe Tatartcheff and Anna McGarrigle. It was originally used as a B-side to another single, "Hommage à Henri Richard", which was written by McGarrigle and Richard Baker, and released in April 1974. It was intended to coincide with the Montreal Canadiens entry into the 1974 NHL playoffs, but failed to succeed commercially after the Canadiens lost to the New York Rangers. Kate & Anna McGarrigle then reused it for their debut album, Kate & Anna McGarrigle, released in December 1975, where it became a smash hit.

## Meaning

The lyrics are politically jokey, sung in the persona of a poor girl hanging around Sainte-Catherine street in Montreal, where in winter she and her buddies take advantage of the rising heat from the metro tunnel outlets, and in summer they continue the endless battle against mosquitoes. The Piaf-style plangent tune and heartrending harmonies undercut the devil-may-care tone of the lyrics, giving the song a tone of acerbic sweetness.

## Other versions

The original French version was covered by Kirsty MacColl as a bonus track on the CD edition of her 1989 album Kite.
Les Country Girls covered the song on their 2013 album Parties pour la gloire.
It was covered in Danish by the singer Anne-Grete on her debut album in 1980 under the title "Vintertur på strøget".
With lyrics in Swedish by Ola Magnell as "Ingen kommer undan politiken" ("No-one escapes politics"), the song was recorded by Marie Bergman on the 1977 album Närma mej, and by Marie Fredriksson in 2006 on the album Min bäste vän.
The Marie Fredriksson version was also released as a digital single on 25 July 2006. It was the second single released from Marie Fredriksson's cover album Min bäste vän (My best friend), on both physical and digital formats. A promotional single (0946 3707622 4) was also released. "I owned the record by Kate and Anna McGarrigle and I was blown away by the way they sang it", Marie says.
The Marie Fredriksson version was also released as both a CD and digital singles on 25 July 2006.

### Format of Fredriksson's version

Digital download (July 25, 2006)
* "Ingen kommer undan politiken" - 3:44
Swedish promotional CD (0946 3707622 4; July 25, 2006)
* "Ingen kommer undan politiken" - 3:44

### Personnel on Fredriksson's version

* Vocals: Marie Fredriksson
* Keyboards and backing vocals: Mikael Bolyos
* Guitar: Jokke Pettersson
* Accordion: Bengan Jansson
* Violin: Kalle Moraeus
* Banjo: Edmund Benjamin
* Drums: Per Lindvall
* Bass: Sven Lindvall
* Backing vocals: Vincent Pontare
* Produced and arranged by: Mikael Bolyos
* Recorded by: Mikael Bolyos at Studio Vinden, and Roger Krieg at Cosmos Studio
# Manfred Kallenbach

Manfred Kallenbach (8 April 1942 in Dresden – 21 April 2010 in Dresden) was a German goalkeeper and East German Champion. He played for SG Dynamo Dresden and BSG Stahl Riesa.

## Literature

* Hanns Leske: Enzyklopädie des DDR-Fußballs. Die Werkstatt, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89533-556-3
* Andreas Baingo, Michael Horn: Geschichte der DDR-Oberliga. Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89533-428-3
* Uwe Nuttelmann: DDR-Oberliga. Eigenverlag 2007, ISBN 3-930814-33-1
# So This Is Freedom?

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
So This Is Freedom is an album by the Massachusetts-based punk rock band The Unseen, released in 1999.

## Track listing

* "What Are You Gonna Do?" (lyrics: Mark music: Scott) 2:18
* "Are We Dead Yet?" (lyrics & music: Paul) 2:58
* "Stand Up and Fight" (lyrics: Tripp & Mark music: Tripp) 2:11
* "Punks Attack" (lyrics & music: Paul) 2:27
* "Dead and Gone" (lyrics: Mark Music: Tripp) 2:20
* "There's Still Hope" (lyrics: Paul & Mark music: Paul & Scott) 3:53
* "Greed Is a Disease" (lyrics: Mark music: Scott) 1:20
* "Piss Off" (lyrics: Trip music: Tripp & Paul) 2:15
* "Don't be Fooled" (lyrics & music: Tripp) 1:34
* "Cultural Genocide" (lyrics: Tripp music: Scott & Paul) 1:57
* "Sent to Die" (lyrics: Mark music: Scott & Mark) 1:48
* "Tradition" (lyrics: Tripp music: Tripp & Paul) 1:52
* "So This Is Freedom?" (lyrics: Tripp music: Tripp & Scott) 2:52
* "Beat It" (Michael Jackson cover) 1:51

## Personnel

* Mark - Drums, Vocals
* Paul - Guitar, Drums, Vocals, Organ
* Tripp - Bass, Vocals
* Scott - Guitar, Vocals
* Bill Brown - additional vocals (track 8)
# Aegomorphus pictus

Aegomorphus pictus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2012.
# A Ridin' Romeo

A Ridin' Romeo is a 1921 American silent Western film directed by George Marshall and starring Tom Mix, Rhea Mitchell and Eugenie Forde.

## Cast

* Tom Mix as Jim Rose
* Rhea Mitchell as Mabel Brentwood
* Pat Chrisman as Highlow, the Indian
* Sid Jordan as Jack Walters
* Harry Dunkinson as King Brentwood
* Eugenie Forde as Queenie Farrell
* Minnie Devereaux as Squaw
# Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach may refer to:
* Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1786–1859), daughter of Paul I of Russia and wife Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
* Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1808–1877), daughter of Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and wife of Prince Charles of Prussia
* Princess Marie Alexandrine of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, daughter of Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and wife of Princess Heinrich VII Reuss of Köstritz
# Shadreck Jonasi

Shadreck Jonasi is a Malawian politician and educator. He was the former Deputy Minister of Tourism and Wildlife in Malawi, having been appointed to the position in early 2009 by the former president of Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika. His term began on 15 June 2009.
# Princeton Secondary School

Princeton Secondary is a public high school in Princeton, British Columbia part of School District 58 Nicola-Similkameen.

## History

The current school building was constructed on the bluff above the town next to Princeton Aerodrome in 1981. It replaced the old high school located in town adjacent to the highway. The old school subsequently burned down in 1985.
The school was rented out to the Canadian Forces in the summer to house the Air Cadet Gliding School until 1992.
# Abacetus picticornis

Abacetus picticornis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1878.
# Abedus immaculatus

Abedus immaculatus is a species of water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It is the only Abedus species found in the eastern United States, occurring throughout Florida north into Georgia and west along the Gulf Coast to Mississippi.
Adults reach lengths of 13–14 mm, making them the smallest species in the genus Abedus, the smallest belostomatid in the United States, and the only species in the subgenus Microabedus. It is locally common in parts of the Everglades, where it is associated with shorter hydroperiod sites.
Abedus immaculatus was originally described by Thomas Say in 1832 as Belostoma fluminea var. immaculata, redescribed as A. cantralli in 1950, with the two names synonymized to A. immaculatus in 1950.
# Abedus indentatus

Abedus indentatus is a species of giant water bug in the family Belostomatidae. It is found in Central America and North America.
# Proctocera quadriguttata

Proctocera quadriguttata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1914. It is known from Gabon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Uganda.
# Proctocera scalaris

Proctocera scalaris is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1855. It is known from Sierra Leone, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, Nigeria, and the Republic of the Congo.
# Proctocolitis

Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.

## Cause

Proctocolitis has many possible causes. Common infectious causes of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, LGV (Lymphogranuloma venereum), Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Helicobacter species. It can also be idiopathic (see colitis), vascular (as in ischemic colitis), or autoimmune (as in inflammatory bowel disease).

## Diagnosis

Anoscopy can be used to diagnose the majority of cases of proctocolitis.

## Treatment

Antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone and doxycycline, if there is infection
# Shailender Gehlot

Shailender Gehlot (born 23 November 1984) is an Indian first-class cricketer who plays for Railways.
# MQI

MQI may refer to:
* Minhaj-ul-Quran
* Mountain Quest Institute
# Styrkeprøven

Styrkeprøven, also called Den Store Styrkeprøven ('The Great Trial of Strength'), is a 540 km (340 mi) long bicycle cyclosportive which starts in Trondheim and finishes in Oslo, Norway. It was first held in 1967, initiated by Erik Gjems-Onstad and has taken place since then in late June every year.
In 2012 the record time was 12.51,02.

## Den Lille Styrkeprøven

Den Lille Styrkeprøven ('The Little Trial of Strength', 'Lille' is Norwegian for 'little' but the name is also a word-play on Lillehammer), which is 180 km (110 mi), from Lillehammer to Oslo, is also held at same time.

## 1997 recumbent ban controversy

In 1997, Bram Moens from the Netherlands rode his faired recumbent in the race, finishing at 13:46:08 – almost two hours ahead of the second rider, and setting a new course record. Bram Moens and his bike were cleared by the organizers to start, and recumbents had taken part many times before. Despite this, the record was not accepted by the organizers, and recumbent bicycles banned, both actions without claiming any rider misbehaviour.
# Tessmanniacanthus

Tessmanniacanthus is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It only contains one known species, Tessmanniacanthus chlamydocardioides Mildbr.
It is native to Peru.
The genus name of Tessmanniacanthus is partly in honour of Günther Tessmann (1884–1969), a German-Brazilian ethnologist and botanist. He was also an African explorer and plant collector, who later settled in Brazil. The second part of the name refers to Acanthus. The Latin specific epithet of chlamydocardioides refers to the resemblance of its inflorescence bracts to those of Chlamydocardia buettneri.
Both the species and the genus were first described and published in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem Vol.9 on page 987 in 1926.
# Tessmannia densiflora

Tessmannia densiflora is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Tanzania. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# McManis

McManis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charles McManis (1913–2004), American pipe organ builder
* Sherrick McManis (born 1987), American football player
* Wynton McManis (born 1994), American football player
# Meadow Township, Wadena County, Minnesota

Meadow Township is a township in Wadena County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 228 at the 2000 census.
Meadow Township was named for the prairie within its borders.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.5 square miles (94.5 km$^2$); 35.9 square miles (93.0 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.6 square miles (1.5 km$^2$) of it (1.59%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 228 people, 83 households, and 65 families residing in the township. The population density was 6.4 inhabitants per square mile (2.5/km$^2$). There were 116 housing units at an average density of 3.2 per square mile (1.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.56% White, and 0.44% from two or more races.
There were 83 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.5% were non-families. 13.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.08.
In the township the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $34,500, and the median income for a family was $39,583. Males had a median income of $21,771 versus $19,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $12,844. About 11.6% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under the age of eighteen and 38.1% of those 65 or over.
# Meadow Valley Wash

The Meadow Valley Wash is a southern Nevada stream draining the Meadow Watershed that is bordered on three sides by the Great Basin Divide. The wash's Lincoln County head point is in the Wilson Creek Range, and the wash includes two upper confluences (e.g., the Patterson Wash). Panaca is along the upper wash, and downstream of Caliente is the wash's confluence with its east fork. Just before the junction with the Muddy River, the wash flows from Lincoln County into northeastern Clark County. It flows into the Muddy in the Moapa Valley just west of Glendale adjacent to Interstate 15 approximately 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Las Vegas.
In addition to the Wilson Creek Range, the watershed's drainage divide is in the Delamar Mountains (to the west) and the Meadow Valley Range (east). The northern tip of the watershed is a triple watershed point with two Great Basin subregions: the Central Nevada Desert Basins and the Escalante-Sevier subregion.

## History

William Andrews Clark's 1903–1910 railroad that linked Pioche and Panaca operated through the wash until washed out by flooding.
# Scyphostachys

Scyphostachys is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rubiaceae.
Its native range is Sri Lanka.
Species:
* Scyphostachys coffeoides Thwaites
* Scyphostachys pedunculatus Thwaites
# Mead acid

Mead acid is an omega-9 fatty acid, first characterized by James F. Mead. As with some other omega-9 polyunsaturated fatty acids, animals can make Mead acid de novo. Its elevated presence in the blood is an indication of essential fatty acid deficiency. Mead acid is found in large quantities in cartilage.

## Chemistry

Mead acid, also referred to as eicosatrienoic acid, is chemically a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and three methylene-interrupted cis double bonds, as is typical for polyunsaturated fatty acids. The first double bond is located at the ninth carbon from the omega end. In physiological literature, it is given the name 20:3 (n-9). (See Fatty acid § Nomenclature for an explanation of the naming system.) In the presence of lipoxygenase, cytochrome p450, or cyclooxygenase, mead acid can form various hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and hydroperoxy (HpETE) products.

## Physiology

Two fatty acids, linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, are considered essential fatty acids (EFAs) in humans and other mammals. Both are 18 carbon fatty acids unlike mead acid, which has 20 carbons. Linoleic is an ω-6 fatty acid whereas linolenic is ω-3 and mead is ω-9. One study examined patients with intestinal fat malabsorption and suspected EFA deficiency; they were found to have blood-levels of mead acid about 13-fold higher than reference subjects. Under severe conditions of essential fatty acid deprivation, mammals will elongate and desaturate oleic acid to make mead acid, (20:3, n−9). This has been documented to a lesser extent in vegetarians and semi-vegetarians following an unbalanced diet.
Mead acid has been found to decrease osteoblastic activity. This may be important in treating conditions where inhibition of bone formation is desired.

## Role in inflammation

Cyclooxygenases are enzymes known to play a large role in inflammatory processes through oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, most notably, the formation of prostaglandin H2 from arachidonic acid (AA). AA has the same chain length as Mead acid but an additional ω-6 double bond. When physiological levels of arachidonic acid are low, other unsaturated fatty acids including mead and linoleic acid are oxidized by COX. Cyclooxygenase breaks the bisallylic C-H bond of AA to synthesize prostaglandin H2, but breaks a stronger allylic C-H bond when it encounters Mead acid instead.
Mead acid is also converted to leukotrienes C3 and D3.
Mead acid is metabolized by 5-lipoxygenase to 5-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (5-HETrE) and then by 5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase to 5-oxoeicosatrienoic acid (5-oxo-ETrE). 5-Oxo-ETrE is as potent as its arachidonic acid-derived analog, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), in stimulating human blood eosinophils and neutrophils; it presumably does so by binding to the 5-oxo-ETE receptor (OXER1) and therefore may be, like 5-oxo-ETE, a mediator of human allergic and inflammatory reactions.
# Terpnomyia tigrina

Terpnomyia tigrina is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Terpnomyia of the family Ulidiidae.
# Scythropopsis wappesi

Scythropopsis wappesi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, described by Chemsak and Hovore in 2002.
# Bamboo clapper

Bamboo clappers are a traditional Chinese percussion instrument and a traditional Burmese instrument. Reflecting its name, it is made with boards of bamboo. Bamboo clappers are used in Chinese kuaiban storytelling performances.
# Scuticaria

Scuticaria is the generic name of two groups of organisms. It can refer to:
* Scuticaria (fish), a genus of eels in the family Muraenidae
* Scuticaria (plant), a genus of orchids in the family Orchidaceae
# McFarland, Missouri

McFarland is an extinct town in Taney County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community was on Swan Creek approximately two miles north of Forsyth.
A post office called McFarland was established in 1901, and remained in operation until 1911. The community has the name of one Mr. McFarland, the original owner of the town site.
# Scrobipalpa hannemanni

Scrobipalpa hannemanni is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Croatia (Dalmatia), southern Russia, Mongolia and Central Asia.
The length of the forewings is about 4.2 mm (0.17 in).
The larvae feed on Gamanthus gamocarpus.

## Subspecies

* Scrobipalpa hannemanni hannemanni
* Scrobipalpa hannemanni furva Povolný, 1969 (Mongolia)
* Scrobipalpa hannemanni gamanthi (Falkovitsh & Bidzilya, 2006) (Uzbekistan)