OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arthur Maillefer

Arthur Maillefer (25 July 1880 – 21 November 1960) was a Swiss botanist and plant geographer.
He studied numerous classic botanical disciplines, including plant systematics and floristics. He also was very modern in his use of numerical analysis and mathematics. For instance, he made one of the earliest null models in biogeography showing that - in records of plant or animal species over space - genera accumulate much faster than species and thereby refuting Paul Jaccard's interpretation of the species-to-genus ratio in Jaccard's dispute with Alvar Palmgren. Maillefer's statistical solution to the problem was later supported by an analytical solution by the Hungarian mathematician George Pólya.
Maillefer took his PhD at the University of Lausanne. He became extraordinary professor in 1919 and succeeded his former doctoral advisor, Ernst Wilczek, in the chair of botany in 1949. From 1938 to 1950, he was also director of the Botanical Museum of the Canton.
# Sodam

Sodam is a mandal in Palamaner Revenue Division of Chittoor district in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
# African Centre of Meteorological Application for Development

The African Centre of Meteorological Application for Development (shortened as ACMAD) is an African weather office based in Niamey, Niger.
It was established in 1987 by the UNECA and the WMO. It has 53 member countries and cooperates with WMO, EUMETSAT and ECMWF.
# Machharala

Machharala is a village in Dera Baba Nanak in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from sub district headquarter and 35 kilometres (22 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

## Demography

As of 2011, The village has a total number of 88 houses and the population of 500 of which 280 are males while 220 are females. According to the report published by Census India in 2011, out of the total population of the village 6 people are from Schedule Caste and the village does not have any Schedule Tribe population so far.
# Tim Sander

Tim Sander (born 27 July 1978 in Berlin) is a German actor.

## Selected filmography
### Films

* 2001: Never Mind the Wall [de]
* 2003: Die Klasse von '99 [de]
* 2014: Joy of Fatherhood

### TV

* 1998–2002: Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten
* 2004: 18 – Allein unter Mädchen
* 2005–2006: Unter den Linden – Das Haus Gravenhorst
* 2006–2007: Verliebt in Berlin
# Nurul Iqamah

Nurul Iqamah (born 6 May 1995) is an Indonesian competition climber specializing in competition speed climbing. In 2019, she won three gold medals at the IFSC Climbing Asian Championships in Bogor, Indonesia. In 2023, she won her first ever medal at the IFSC Climbing World Cup, she won bronze medal in the Chamonix, France.

## Achievements
### Asian Games

Women's speed relay
| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Time (s) | Result | Ref |
| 2022 | Keqiao Yangshan Sport Climbing Centre, Shaoxing, China | Desak Made Rita Kusuma Dewi Alivany Ver Khadijah Rajiah Sallsabillah | Deng Lijuan Niu Di Zhang Shaoqin Wang Shengqin | 23.506–20.925 | Silver | |

### Asian Championships

Women's speed
| Year | Venue | Opponent | Time (s) | Result | Ref |
| 2019 | Pakansari Stadium, Bogor, Indonesia | Tian Peiyang | 7.700–8.30 | Gold | |
| 2022 | Seoul, South Korea | Desak Made Rita Kusuma Dewi | 9.00–9.22 | Gold | |
Women's speed relay
| Year | Venue | Partner | Opponent | Time (s) | Result | Ref |
| 2019 | Pakansari Stadium, Bogor, Indonesia | Rajiah Sallsabillah Amanda Narda Mutia | Mudji Mulyani Dhorifatus Syafi'iyah Devi Berthdigna | 24.942–28.015 | Gold | |
Women's combined
| Year | Venue | Points | Result | Ref |
| 2019 | Pakansari Stadium, Bogor, Indonesia | 15+ | Gold | |

### IFSC Climbing World Cup

Women's speed
| Year | Venue | Opponent | Time (s) | Result | Ref |
| 2023 | Chamonix, France | Zhang Shaoqin | 7.16–7.17 | Bronze | |
# Mendes (footballer, born 1976)

Silvio Mendes da Paixão Junior (born 2 April 1976), simply known as Mendes, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

Born in Salvador, Mendes started his career at Catuense. He also played for Galícia and Camaçari, where he was champion of the Copa da Bahia in 1999. He played in Dutch football at Heerenveen, and then at Oriente Petrolero in Bolivia, where he was national champion. In 2002 and 2003 he was two-time state champion at Figueirense, and played for other intermediate clubs in Brazil until arriving at Peñarol in 2007, where he scored 11 goals in the 2006–07 Uruguayan Primera División. The following year, he played for Juventude and was one of the top scorers in that year's state championship.
He also played for EC Bahia, EC Novo Hamburgo, teams from the state of Pará, CSA, Brasiliense, Araxá and Taboão da Serra, his last professional team. After retiring, he works as a football commentator on radio and TV in the state of Bahia.

## Honours
### Camaçari

* Taça Estado da Bahia: 1999

### Oriente Petrolero

* Bolivian Primera División: 2001

### Figueirense

* Campeonato Catarinense: 2002, 2003

### Individual

* 2004 Campeonato Goiano top scorer: 17 goals
* 2008 Campeonato Gaúcho top scorer: 13 goals
# R440 road (Ireland)

The R440 road is a regional road in Ireland linking Birr, County Offaly and Mountrath, County Laois. It passes through the village of Kinnity, County Offaly and from there climbs to the watershed of the Slieve Bloom Mountains north of Stillbrook Hill, crossing at an elevation of 1,503 feet (458 m) into County Laois on the plateau and descending to Mountrath.
The road is 36 km (22 mi) long.
# Psi Piscium

The Bayer designation Psi Piscium (ψ Psc, ψ Piscium) is shared by three star systems in the constellation Pisces:
* Psi¹ Piscium (74 Piscium)
* Psi² Piscium (79 Piscium)
* Psi³ Piscium (81 Piscium)
# Ayaa Benjamin Warille

Ayaa Benjamin Warille is a South Sudanese politician who is also the Minister of Gender, Child and Social Welfare. She was appointed into the position when the Transitional Government of National Unity was formed in February 2021

## Advocacy

Ayaa is also a women's rights advocate and has played several roles through the African Union Women, Gender and Youth Directorate to assist AU member states in the ratification, domestication and implementation of the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa also popularly known as the Maputo Protocol.
Ayaa Benjamin is a member of the South Sudan Women Intellectual Forum, a platform which has been campaigning for the participation and inclusion of women in government positions and decision making processes in all sectors.
She has also ensured that the 35% affirmative action as guaranteed by the Revitalized Peace Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan, is respected.
# Artitropa

Artitropa is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae.

## Species

* Artitropa alaotrana Oberthür, 1916
* Artitropa boseae (Saalmüller, 1880)
* Artitropa cama Evans, 1937
* Artitropa comus (Cramer, 1782)
* Artitropa erinnys (Trimen, 1862)
* Artitropa hollandi Oberthür, 1916
* Artitropa milleri Riley, 1925
* Artitropa reducta Aurivillius, 1925
* Artitropa usambarae Congdon, Kielland, & Collins, 1998
# Aleksandra Romanić

Aleksandra Romaniċ was born 1958 in Zagreb into a family of musicians. She was awarded a scholarship at the age of sixteen to go to the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory. She graduated in 1981 summa cum laude. Completing her master's degree, she was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to specialize with Gyorgy Sandor at the Juilliard School in New York.
Awards by several piano competitions led to a worldwide career: she has toured with recitals and orchestras throughout France, Russia, Spain, Czechoslovakia, Malta and the USA. She lives in Munich.
# Aleksandra Romanova

Aleksandra Romanova (born December 26, 1990) is a Kazakhstani hurdler. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's 400 metres hurdles race; her time of 59.36 seconds in the heats did not qualify her for the semifinals.
# Regeneration (Portugal)

In the history of Portugal, the Regeneration (Portuguese: Regeneração) is the name given to the period of the Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy after the military insurrection of 1 May 1851 that caused the end of Costa Cabral's tenure and of the Septembrist government. Despite the ministry that resulted from the strike, presided over by marshal Saldanha, the main person of the Regeneration was Fontes Pereira de Melo. Although it cannot be delimited definitely in the time, the period of the Regeneration endured for about 17 years, ending with the Janeirinha revolt in 1868, which brought the Reformist Party to power. The Regeneration was characterized by attempts to develop the country economically and modernize it, and the associated stringent fiscal measures.
# Alex Gil

Alex Gil may refer to:
* Alex Gil (scholar) (born 1973), scholar of digital humanities and Caribbean studies
* Alex Gil (architect) (born 1977), New York-based architect
# List of sources of law in the United States
## Federal

* Constitution of the United States

### Statutes

* List of United States federal legislation
* Acts listed by popular name, via Cornell University
* United States Statutes at Large
** Volumes 1 through 18, 1789–1875, via Library of Congress
* Public Laws (PL)
** Current Congress only, via the U.S. Government Printing Office
** 104th Congress through current Congress, via the U.S. Government Printing Office
* United States Code (USC)
** U.S. Code, via Cornell University
** U.S. Code, via the U.S. Government Printing Office
** U.S. Code, via FindLaw.com
** U.S. Code via house.gov
** U.S. Code, via USCodeSurf.com

### Administrative regulations

* Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
* List of United States federal executive orders (EO)

### Court precedents

* Findlaw Cases and Codes
* United States Reports – Supreme Court cases
** Lists of United States Supreme Court cases
* Federal Reporter – Courts of Appeals and Federal Claims cases
** List of notable United States Courts of Appeals cases
* Federal Supplement – District Courts cases
* Federal Appendix – "Unpublished" cases

## States

* State constitutions

### Court precedents

* List of notable United States state supreme court cases
* Findlaw Cases and Codes

### Statutes

* Findlaw State Government page

### Regulations

* List of State Administrative Codes and Registers from the National Association of Secretaries of State

### Local codes and ordinances

* American Legal Publishing's Code Library
* E-Codes from the General Code Corporation
* Municipal Code Corporation's Online Library

## Secondary sources

* List of Uniform Acts (United States)
* American Jurisprudence
* Corpus Juris Secundum
* Restatements of the Law
* Casebooks
* Law reviews
# Sonoran collared lizard

There are two species of lizard named Sonoran collared lizard:
* Crotaphytus nebrius
* Crotaphytus dickersonae
# Rene Ong

Rene Ashwin Ong is an American astrophysicist known for his work in experimental high-energy astrophysics, astroparticle physics, and particle physics. He is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles.

## Education

Ong graduated from the University of Michigan in 1981 and obtained his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1987. He was a Robert R. McCormick Fellow at the Enrico Fermi Institute from 1988 to 1991, before becoming an assistant professor at the University of Chicago.

## Career

Ong's early research focused on electron–positron annihilation at SLAC PEP, including development of the first vertex drift chamber for a collider experiment with Martin Perl, followed by his doctoral work on the B hadron lifetime.
His research interests shifted to gamma-ray astronomy in 1990 after joining the Chicago Air Shower Array experiment, with the encouragement of James Cronin. He has since continued research in astrophysics with involvement in STACEE, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, VERITAS, GAPS, and the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). His roles in these experiments have included principal investigator of STACEE, co-spokesperson of the CTA Consortium, and co-principal investigator of GAPS.

## Awards and recognitions

In 2013, he was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society "for his contribution to high energy particle astrophysics, in particular his contribution to very high energy gamma ray astronomy, where his research has spanned four decades of the electromagnetic spectrum."
# List of volcanoes in Réunion

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes of Réunion, an overseas department of France.
| Name | Elevation | Elevation | Location | Last eruption |
| Name | (m) | (ft) | Coordinates | Last eruption |
| Commerson Crater | 2310 | 7580 | 21°12′29″S 55°37′59″E﻿ / ﻿21.20797°S 55.63295°E﻿ / -21.20797; 55.63295﻿ (Commerson Crater) | |
| Piton de la Fournaise | 2632 | 8635 | 21°13′52″S 55°42′47″E﻿ / ﻿21.231°S 55.713°E﻿ / -21.231; 55.713﻿ (Piton de la Fournaise) | 2 July 2023 |
| Piton des Neiges | 3069 | 10069 | 21°03′S 55°17′E﻿ / ﻿21.05°S 55.29°E﻿ / -21.05; 55.29﻿ (Piton des Neiges) | 20,000 BC |
# Sospiro

Sospiro (Cremunés: Suspìir) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Milan and about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Cremona.
Sospiro borders the following municipalities: Cella Dati, Malagnino, Pieve d'Olmi, Pieve San Giacomo, San Daniele Po, Vescovato.
# Aleksandre Rekhviashvili

Aleksandre Rekhviashvili (Georgian: ალექსანდრე რეხვიაშვილი; born 6 August 1974) is a Georgian football official and a former midfielder. He works as a sporting director of Dinamo Tbilisi.
He played on the national team and has been capped 21 times since his debut in 1999.
His club career started in Dinamo Tbilisi in 1991. In 1997, he went to Latvian champion team Skonto FC, where he gradually became one of the best defensive midfielders in the Latvian league, being voted the best league player at the end of 2000/01. In 2003, he was bought by Russian team Torpedo-Metallurg, but after one season he returned to Latvia and FK Ventspils.
# Renée Carpentier-Wintz

Renée Carpentier-Wintz (1913–2003) was a French painter. She was the wife of French artist Raymond Wintz. Like her husband, she was famous for her beautiful Brittany landscapes.
# Souk El Kammadine

Souk El Kammadine (Arabic : سوق الكمادين ) is one of the souks (or market) of the medina of Sfax.

## Localization

The souk used to be located in Zuqaq El Marr (or Nahj El Bey) but then it was changed to the southern part of path of Adoul. And it used to reach Sidi Ali Karray Street and Rahbet Rmed. It used to have Kaysriyet El Ashr which is now called Kaysriyet El Ayedi.

## Etymology

The name Kammadine was derived from the verb Kamada (to poultice) which means to shorten a dress. The poultice is considered one of the most important traditional productions in the medina of Sfax and other towns.
According to El Bakry, in the medieval centuries Souk El Kammadine's artisans were very active and were known for their high quality products.
# Souk El Jedid

Souk El Jedid is one of the souks in the medina of Tunis.

## Location

It is located in the northern suburb of Bab Souika in the Halfaouine district. It links the Sidi Abdessalem Street to the Halfaouine one. The Saheb Ettabaâ mosque is at the entrance of the souk.

## History

The souk was founded by Youssef Saheb Ettabaa in the same time as other foundations of Halfaouine district (a mosque, a madrasa, a hammam, a sebil, etc).

## Architecture

* A shop in Souk El Jedid
* Alley of the Souk
It is 90 meters long and has 53 shops with almost the same size and organised in regular lines. It is covered with barrel vaults. The souk has two main doors: the first one is in front of the Mosque while the second gives access to Sidi El Aloui Street.

## Products

Souk El Jedid is considered as the local market of the suburb. That's why shops can easily change their speciality and sell different kinds of products in order to satisfy the needs of the community (food, tissues, etc).
# List of volcanoes in the Comoros

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes in the Comoros.
| Name | Elevation | Elevation | Location | Last eruption |
| Name | meters | feet | Coordinates | Last eruption |
| La Grille | 1087 | 3566 | 11°28′S 43°20′E﻿ / ﻿11.47°S 43.33°E﻿ / -11.47; 43.33 | Holocene |
| Mount Karthala | 2361 | 7746 | 11°45′S 43°23′E﻿ / ﻿11.75°S 43.38°E﻿ / -11.75; 43.38 | 2007 |
# Soteira

Soteira may refer to:
* Soteira (comics), a Morlocks (comics) character.
* Soteira (Greek), sometimes Soteria, the female form of the Greek word Soter meaning a savior or deliverer.
# Sotensko pri Šmarju

Sotensko pri Šmarju (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills north of Šmarje. The area is part of the historical Styria region. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Sotensko to Sotensko pri Šmarju in 1953.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Nicholas and belongs to the Parish of Šmarje pri Jelšah. It was built in the third quarter of the 18th century on the site of an earlier building.
# Aleksandr Nikolayev (disambiguation)

Alexander Nikolayev (1918 – 2009) was a Russian World War II hero
Aleksandr Nikolayev may also refer to:
* Aleksandr Nikolayev (canoeist) (born 1990), Russian canoeist
* Aleksandr Nikolayev (footballer) (born 1993), Russian/Ukrainian football player
* Aleksandr Nikolayev (painter) (1897–1957), Soviet painter of Russian origin, who lived and worked in Uzbek SSR
* Aleksandr Nikolayev (pianist) (1903–1980), Russian pianist and musicologist
* Aleksandr Nikolayev, an Ivan Rogov-class landing ship of the Soviet, later Russian, Navy
# Sosylus extensus

Sosylus extensus is a species of dry bark beetle in the family Bothrideridae. It is found in North America.
# Rene Cruz

Rene Cruz was a Filipino sports administrator and police official. He served as the president of the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) from 1993 to 1996.
Prior to being a POC president, Cruz served as vice president in 1989. Under his term as POC President, the Philippines won a silver medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. The country would have an Olympic medal drought until the 2016 edition. He also served as the head of the Philippine Badminton Association.
Cruz died at the Asian Hospital and Medical Center in Alabang, Muntinlupa due to cardiac arrest on September 29, 2015. He was 85 years old.
# Sophie Day (singer)

Sophie Day is the stage name of Sophie Tremblay, a Canadian jazz singer from Quebec. She is most noted for her 2020 album Clémence, a tribute album to Clémence DesRochers which was a shortlisted Juno Award finalist for Vocal Jazz Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2021.
# Sophie De Wit

Sophie De Wit (born 28 August 1973 in Deurne) is a Belgian lawywer and politician and is affiliated to the N-VA. She was elected as a member of the Flemish Parliament in 2009. On 6 July 2010 her membership came to an end as she became that day a member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives after being elected in June 2010.
De Wit graduated with a law degree from the Catholic University of Leuven in 1996 and then followed a one-year additional training in criminal law in Paris. She became a lawyer by profession.
She has also been mayor of Aartselaar since 2013.
# Alexander Berghaus

Alexander Berghaus is a German specialist in otorhinolaryngology and a university professor of otorhinolaryngology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU).
From 1993 to 2003, he was a director of the department of otorhinolaryngology, face and neck surgery, and professor of the department of otorhinolaryngology at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg. He was dean at the medical faculty there in 1994 and pro-dean from 1996 to 1998. Since 2003 he has been director of the department of otorhinolaryngology at the Medical Campus of the University of Munich and professor of otorhinolaryngology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Berghaus worked on polyethylene prosthetics for the trachea, ear reconstruction and other uses over his career. He also invented and patented instruments for rhinoplasty that were licensed to Karl Storz GmbH.
With G. Rettinger and G. Böhme he authored a book: Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde Hippokrates Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-7773-0944-3.
In 2001 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
# Macmillan Academy

Macmillan Academy is an academy in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. The school was founded in 1989 as the Macmillan City Technology College, one of the first of 15 City Technology Colleges established in England. Its initial sponsors were the Macmillan Trust, a charity run by Macmillan Publishers, The school converted to academy status in 2006. An Ofsted inspection in 2007 rated the school as outstanding. As of 2020, its most recent full inspection was in 2013, when it was judged Good.

## History

The school opened in 1989 as Macmillan City Technology College along with the current buildings (now English and Mathematics). It later became Macmillan College. The current reception and dining hall were opened in the early 2000s and the school converted to academy status in 2006, along with a new building housing Science, Music and Physical Education.

## Notable alumni

* Steph McGovern – TV presenter
* Jacob Young – Conservative MP for Redcar
* Sam Gowland – TV personality
* Lewis Boyce – Rugby union player
# Carl Heinrich "Bipontinus" Schultz

Carl Heinrich Schultz (30 June 1805 – 17 December 1867) was a German physician and botanist, and a brother to botanist Friedrich Wilhelm Schultz (1804–1876).
He is referred to as Carl Heinrich "Bipontinus" Schultz, Carl Heinrich Schultz Bipontinus or just Bipontinus, this being a Latinized reference to his birthplace Zweibrücken (Two Bridges). This was necessary because there lived in his lifetime another German botanist of the same name, known as Carl Heinrich "Schultzenstein" Schultz.

## Biography

From 1825 he studied medicine and sciences at the University of Erlangen, where he was a student of botanist Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch. In 1827 he continued his education at the University of Munich, where his influences included the naturalist Maximilian Perty. In 1830 he took a study trip to Paris, and after his return, settled into a medical practice in Munich. From 1832 to 1835 he was imprisoned for political reasons, and after his release, spent many years working as a physician at the Deidesheim hospital (1836–67).
He specialized in studies of Compositae and was the taxonomic author of many species within the family. In 1862 he started to edit the exsiccata Cichoriaceotheca s. Cichoriacearum exsiccatorum collectio auctore C. H. Schultz-Bipontino. In 1866 Friedrich Alefeld named the genus Bipontinia (family Fabaceae) in his honor.
In 1840, Schultz along with 25 scholars from the Palatinate and neighboring areas founded POLLICHIA, a scientific society named in honor of botanist Johan Adam Pollich (1740-1780). Schultz died in Deidesheim on 17 December 1867.

## Selected publications

* "Analysis Cichoriacearum Palatinatus secundum systema articulatum". Jahrbuch für practische Pharmacie und verwandte Fächer. 4: 202–207. 1841. ISSN 0178-4056.
* Beitrag zur Geschichte und geographischen Verbreitung der Cassiniaceen (Contribution to the History and Geographical Spread of Cassiniaceae), 1866.