OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Marquard

Paul Marquard (8 October 1836 – 7 December 1872) was a German classical philologist and music historian.

## Life

Born in Drezdenko, Marquard, the son of pastor Friedrich Rudolf Marquard (ca. 1801-1853) and Auguste née Müller, received his first lessons from his father and then attended the Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium in Berlin. After the early death of his father, his teachers there became important reference persons for him. In the vita of his dissertation, he later mentioned above all the director August Meineke, the teacher Karl Pomptow (1819-1879) and his fellow pupil Adolf Kiessling (1837-1893), who supported him during his studies. After graduating from high school (1857), Marquard studied classical philology, philosophy and theology, first at the Humboldt University of Berlin, then, from the winter semester 1857/1858, at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn with Otto Jahn, Friedrich Ritschl and Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker. After the state examination, he taught first at the Bender'sche Erziehungsanstalt für Knaben in Weinheim, then at the Instituut Noorthey (founded by Petrus de Raadt) in Veur (Leidschendam-Voorburg, Netherlands). In 1863, Marquard received his doctorate in Bonn. His fellow students Anton Klette [de], Curt Wachsmuth and Lucian Müller were his competitors.
From 1865, Marquard taught at the Friedrichswerdersches Gymnasium [de] in Berlin, where he was appointed a full teacher. During this time, he continued his scientific work, which was mainly concerned with ancient music theory. He undertook research trips to various libraries to study the manuscripts of the Greek music theorists. In 1868, his annotated, bilingual edition of the Harmonics of Aristoxenos was published, which remained fundamental long after its publication. Together with Hermann Deiters and Karl von Jan, Marquard planned a complete edition of the ancient music theorists, but this did not come about.
For health reasons Marquard retired on 1 October 1872. For recreation and further scientific work he travelled to Italy. On 7 December 1872, he died at the age of 36 years in Catania in Sicily.

## Publications

* De Aristoxeni Tarentini elementis harmonicis. Bonn 1863 (Dissertation)
* Ἀριστοξένου ἁρμονικῶν τὰ σωζόμενα. Die harmonischen Fragmente des Aristoxenus. Griechisch und deutsch mit kritischem und exegetischem Commentar und einem Anhang die rhythmischen Fragmente des Aristoxenus enthaltend. Berlin 1868
* Briefe über Berliner Erziehung. Berlin 1871
* Briefe über nationale Erziehung. Leipzig 1872
# Sporting Giants

Sporting Giants was a scheme launched by Sir Steve Redgrave on behalf of UK Sport in February 2007 to identify young people with the potential to display talent in sports such as handball, rowing and volleyball. Because tallness is considered a possible advantage in those sports a minimum height of 6’ 3” (190cm) for men and 5’11 (180cm) for women was specified. An age requirement of 16 to 25 was set and an athletic background was also sought. 4,800 applications were received for the scheme, 3,854 of which met the eligibility criteria.

## 2012 Summer Olympics

Ten participants in the scheme were members of Team GB at the 2012 Summer Olympics and one of them was a medal winner: Helen Glover won gold in the women's coxless pairs rowing. She was a cross country runner, swimmer, hockey and tennis player but had no rowing experience prior joining the scheme in 2008. At 178 cm tall Glover did not meet the minimum height standard specified for the scheme but she stood on tiptoes when she was being measured at the selection event. Victoria Thornley finished fifth as a member of the women's eight rowing crew. Four male and two female participants in the scheme were members of the first handball teams ever fielded by the UK at an Olympic Games. The men's team included Bobby White, the team captain, who was a semi professional footballer before he applied. The teams lost all the matches in their groups, the men's team being defeated 44-15 in their opening match against France.
# Otites gradualis

Otites gradualis is a species of ulidiid or picture-winged fly in the genus Otites of the family Ulidiidae.
# The Vorrh

The Vorrh is a dark historical fantasy novel by multi-disciplinary artist B. Catling that was first published in November of 2012. Aided in its publicity by a glowing foreword from author and graphic-novelist Alan Moore, it garnered significant critical coverage in the media when republished for an international audience in 2015. The first in a trilogy of novels (rounded out by 2017's The Erstwhile and 2018's The Cloven), it investigates themes as wide ranging as colonialism, mythology, sentience, and guilt, in prose noted for its lyrical structure and flow.

## Summary

The town of Essenwald is an expression of colonialism so pure it was moved brick by brick from Germany to sit nestled on the edge of a vast, time-bending, and quite possibly sentient African forest, known locally as "the Vorrh". With the recent events of World War One casting a pallid glow on the entirety of the colonial project, the secrets of this ancient forest are among the last things Essenwald's managers are concerned with. Though it is mostly ignored in this manner by the colonial intruders, a renegade British soldier penetrates deep into the forest's mysteries when he finds a close relationship crumbling into a strange and tangled series of magical occurrences. Along the way, a sizeable cast of characters both fantastic and historical are drawn into the Vorrh's embrace.

## Critical reception

The Vorrh received generally positive critical reception, garnering coverage from a wide variety of publications.

## Editions

* The Vorrh (1st ed.). Honest Publishing. 2012. ISBN 978-0-9571-4271-8. Original cover, British release
* The Vorrh (2nd ed.). Vintage Books. 2015. ISBN 978-1-1018-7378-6. Alternate cover, international release
# Dalaca laminata

Dalaca laminata is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It is known from Chile.
# StandBy Records

Standby Records was an independent record label originally from Ohio.

## Lawsuits

In 2016 Davey Suicide leaked to Alternative Press that the group had entered into a lawsuit with Standby Records. This prompted label-mates As Blood Runs Black to speak out against the label as well claiming financial issues. Suicide announced a few months after the leak that the group had come to a settlement with Standby Records.
# Fred Pollack

Fred Pollack is a retired microprocessor electronics engineer who worked on several Intel chips. He was the lead engineer of the Intel iAPX 432, the lead architect of the Intel i960, and the lead architect of the Pentium Pro.
He specialized in superscalarity. Pollack's Rule was named for Pollack and states that microprocessor "performance increase due to microarchitecture advances is roughly proportional to [the] square root of [the] increase in complexity". Pollack worked for Intel and left in 2001.
# Paul Thümmel

Paul Thümmel (15 January 1902 – 20 April 1945), aka Agent A-54, was a German double agent who spied for Czechoslovakia during World War II. He was a high-ranking member of the German military intelligence organisation, the Abwehr, and was also a highly decorated member of the National Socialist German Workers Party.
From 1937, Thümmel passed intelligence first to Czechoslovakia and later to the Czechoslovak government-in-exile in London via the Czech underground resistance. He was killed by the SS at the Small Fortress of the Theresienstadt concentration camp in April 1945.
# Spironucleus salmonicida

Spironucleus salmonicida is a species of fish parasite. It is a flagellate adapted to micro-aerobic environments that causes systemic infections in salmonid fish. The species creates foul-smelling, pus-filled abscesses in muscles and internal organs of aquarium fish. In the late 1980s when the disease was first reported, it was believed to be caused by Spironucleus barkhanus. Anders Jørgensen was the person that found out what species really caused the disease.
There is a distinct lack of models for diverse microbial eukaryotes. Spironucleus salmonicida was chosen as a model due to its complex genome and ability to adapt to fluctuating environments. This ability was proven by genetically modifying the pathogen and seeing the results. By comparing these results with the closest model organism, Giardia intestinalis, researchers were able to see that the parasite has a more complex gene regulation system. This system of genetic modification was also used to sequence the genome for further study.
Spironucleus salmonicida contains mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs). MROS identified in S. salmonicida contained similar protein import and Fe-S machinery as in Giardia mitosomes and the MROS contained enzyme characteristics similar to hydrogenosomes, thereby affirming that hydrogen production is prevalent in the genus Spironucleus. Hydrogenosomes produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation with hydrogen as a byproduct.
# The Citadel (mountain)

The Citadel is a mountain in South West Tasmania. It lies on the north east end of the Frankland Range jutting out towards the east from the range towards the impoundment Lake Pedder. It is directly south of The Lion and west of Murpheys Bluff. It forms the south eastern border of The Moat, an alpine lake.
# Dale Neufeld

Dale Neufeld is a former director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service. He was appointed to the position of Acting Director on 31 May 2004, succeeding Ward P.D. Elcock, and ran the service until Prime Minister Paul Martin chose Jim Judd as the new Director on 29 November 2004.
A graduate of the University of Saskatchewan, Mr. Neufeld joined the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 1971 and left in 1984 to join CSIS. He was Deputy Director from 2001 to 2004.
On 8 March 2005, Jim Judd was asked by Senator David Paul Smith about whether Canadian mosques were being monitored by CSIS, to which Judd replied that he was unaware of any such policy. Assistant Director Neufeld then interjected, and confirmed that CSIS was indeed monitoring Canadian mosques, which it suspected of recruiting and funding terrorism.
Neufeld has since retired.
# Stampe et Vertongen RSV.22

The Stampe et Vertongen RSV.22 was a training biplane produced in Belgium in the 1920s.

## Design and development

The RSV.22 was a conventional, single-bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span that were braced with N-struts near their tips. The fixed undercarriage consisted of two mainwheels that were joined by a common through axle, plus a tailskid. The student pilot and the instructor sat in open cockpits in tandem that were fitted with dual controls. Construction was of mixed materials, with metal used for the undercarriage, engine mount, and cabane struts. The control surfaces were operated by a rigid linkage made of dural tube. The horizontal stabilizer was adjustable in flight, using a lever in the cockpit to adjust the aircraft's trim. Incorrect use of this latter feature led to a number of accidents. The base model RSV 22/180 was powered by a 134-kW (180-hp) Hispano-Suiza engine, but the aircraft was designed to use powerplants of up to 220 kW (300 hp). The RSV 22/200 variant used a 150-kW (200-hp) Renard-built radial engine in place of the Hispano-Suiza.
The Belgian Air Force purchased 20 examples of the RSV 22/180. In 1928, Lt Edmond Thieffry and SLt Philippe Quersin piloted a civil-registered RSV 22/180 (registration O-BAJE) on an attempt at a long-distance flight to Africa. They departed Deurne on 26 June, attempting to reach Kinshasa. Bad weather forced them to land at Mourmelon, France, only 230 km (140 mi) away. Resuming their journey, they were forced down a second time, this time in a marsh at Clapier, near Vauvert, still in France. They abandoned the attempt at this point and successfully returned to Belgium.

## Variants
### RSV.22/180

    base model with 130 kW (180 hp) Hispano-Suiza engine (over 20 built)

### RSV.22/200

    version with 150 kW (200 hp) Renard Type 200 radial engine (1 built)

### RSV.22 Titan

    A version powered by a 170 kW (230 hp) Gnome-Rhône 5K 5-cyl. radial engine.

### RSV.22 Lynx

    A version powered by a 160 kW (215 hp) Armstrong Siddeley Lynx 5-cyl. radial engine.

## Operators
### Belgium

* Belgian Air Force — 20 × RSV.22/180

## Specifications (RSV.22/180)

Data from Les avions Renard and Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928.
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 7.6 m (24 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 9.12 m (29 ft 11 in)
* Height: 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in)
* Wing area: 22 m$^2$ (240 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 710 kg (1,565 lb)
* Gross weight: 965 kg (2,127 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza 8Ab V-8 water-cooled piston engine, 130 kW (180 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
* Maximum speed: 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn)
* Stall speed: 80 km/h (50 mph, 43 kn)
* Service ceiling: 6,000 m (20,000 ft)
* Time to altitude: 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 7 minutes 20 seconds
* Wing loading: 43.5 kg/m$^2$ (8.9 lb/sq ft)
* Power/mass: 7.2 kg/kW (11.8 lb/hp)
# Vladislaus II of Bohemia

Vladislaus II, Vladislav II, Wladislaw II or Ladislaus II of Bohemia may refer to:
* Vladislaus II, Duke and King of Bohemia (1110–1174)
* Vladislaus II of Hungary (1456–1516)
# Aurea Alexandrina

Aurea Alexandrina was an ancient opiate. It is called Aurea from the gold which enters its composition, and Alexandrina for the physician Nicolaus Myresus Alexandrinus, who invented it. It was considered to be a good preservative against colic and apoplexy.
# Charles Cater

Charles Alexander Cater (24 January 1844 – 3 February 1892) was an English first-class cricketer active 1866–67 who played for Middlesex. He was born in Liverpool and died in Harrow. He played in three first-class matches as a right-handed batsman, scoring 22 runs with a highest score of 20.
# Fred Pletsch

Fred Pletsch is currently serving as analyst on FSN Detroit's college hockey coverage. Additionally he was commissioner for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association.
In his broadcasting career he also has been the play-by-play announcer for the NHL's Ottawa Senators and the AHL affiliate of the Colorado Avalanche.
He was also the commissioner of the North American Hockey League (junior "A") for three seasons. Pletsch is a longtime active member of the Detroit Sports Broadcasters Association, founded in 1948 by pioneer Tigers announcer Ty Tyson.
Fred Pletsch has four children and lives with his wife Kelly in Michigan. He is the son-in-law of former Buffalo Sabres announcer Ted Darling.
# Spironema

Spironema may refer to:
Animals:
Plants:
* Spironema Raf. [1838] – sometimes considered a synonym of Cassytha L. (Lauraceae)
* Spironema Lindl. [1840] nom. illeg. hom. – a synonym of Callisia Loefl. (Commelinaceae)
* Spironema Hochst. [1842] nom. illeg. hom. – a synonym of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae)
Protists:
Spirochaetes:
Microsporidia:
# Minuscule 761

Minuscule 761 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), ε476 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament written on parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 14th century. Biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener labelled it as 850$^e$.

## Description

The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book) containing the text of the four Gospels on 281 parchment leaves (size 20 cm by 14.5 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the chapters (known as κεφαλαια / kephalaia), whose numbers are given in the margin, and their titles (known as τιτλοι / titloi) at the top of the pages. There is also a division into smaller sections, the Ammonian sections with references to the Eusebian Canons (an early system of dividing the four Gospels into different sections), of which in the Gospel of Mark there are 233 sections, the last appearing at Mark 16:8. The manuscript is also ornamented.
It contains the lectionary books Synaxarion (a list of saint's days) and Menologion (a list of readings to be read each calendar month), Eusebius' Epistle to Carpianus (a letter outlying Eusebius' Gospel division system), the Eusebian Canon tables (an early system of dividing the four Gospels into different sections), Prolegomena to each gospel, lectionary markings in the margin, subscriptions at the end of each gospel, tables of contents (also known as κεφαλαια) before each Gospel, and pictures.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is considered a representative of the Byzantine text-type. The text-types are groups of different New Testament manuscripts which share specific or generally related readings, which then differ from each other group, and thus the conflicting readings can separate out the groups. These are then used to determine the original text as published; there are three main groups with names: Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine. Textual-critic Hermann von Soden classified it to his Antiocheian commentated text (K$^a$), meaning it is a Byzantine commentated text. Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category V of his New Testament manuscripts classification system. Category V manuscripts are described as "manuscripts with a purely or predominantly Byzantine text."$^{:336}$
According to the Claremont Profile Method (a specific analysis of textual data) it represents textual family K$^x$ in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made. It belongs to the textual cluster 46, and creates a pair with Minuscule 995 in Luke 1 and Luke 10.

## History

The codex was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (as his 850) and Gregory to his list as number 761. Gregory saw the manuscript in 1886. It was presented to the museum in Aegina.
Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 14th century; but Gregory dated the manuscript to the 15th century. The manuscript is currently dated by the INTF to the 14th century.
The manuscript is now housed at the National Library of Greece (154) in Athens.
# Tyloxapol

Tyloxapol is a nonionic liquid polymer of the alkyl aryl polyether alcohol type. It is used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucopurulent (containing mucus and pus) bronchopulmonary secretions, administered by inhalation through a nebulizer or with a stream of oxygen.
With intraperitoneal injection, tyloxapol also blocks plasma lipolytic activity, and thus the breakdown of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. This mechanism is used to induce experimental hyperlipidemia in animals.
Tyloxapol is the main active ingredient of the medical device Tacholiquin. Tacholiquin is an expectorant designated for inhalation and instillation reaching the upper and lower airways. Other brand names of pharmaceutical products containing Tyloxapol are Exosurf and Alevaire.
# Stampa Barbara

Stampa Barbara was a store in Santa Barbara, California that focused exclusively on rubber stamps. Opened in 1985, by Gary Dorothy, the store was the first of its kind. The store created their own designs, as well as selling several other companies' stamps. Stampa Barbara would open a second location in 1992 on Melrose, in Los Angeles. Gary Dorothy closed the store and sold his remaining inventory to Clearsnap in 1999, but would continue to make and sell stamps online.
# Chantilly Forest

Chantilly Forest or Forest of Chantilly (Forêt de Chantilly) is a forest that spreads across 6,344 hectares (63.44 km$^2$; 24.49 sq mi), located mainly in the Oise, 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Paris.
49°10′30″N 2°30′45″E﻿ / ﻿49.175°N 2.5125°E﻿ / 49.175; 2.5125
* This Oise geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Vlist

Vlist (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a village and former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. As of 2015, it is a part of the municipality of Krimpenerwaard.

## Description

Vlist is named after the river with the same name, along which the population is concentrated. The river forms a connection between the Lek river and the city of Schoonhoven to Haastrecht, where it empties into the Hollandsche IJssel. It has a length of approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 miles). The Vlist was formerly used as a drainage basin for polders around the river; there were many windmills on the banks of the river, to pump water out of the adjacent polders and into the river. It was also used for the transport of goods, particularly from Schoonhoven to Utrecht. Today the river has a larger function in tourism, and is particularly popular among cyclists and pedestrians, who enjoy walking or riding along the river. The river itself is often navigated with canoes which can be rented in Haastrecht. If the river is sufficiently frozen in winter, the Two Provinces skating tour is organized for the ice-skate enthusiasts.

## Arrest at Goejanverwellesluis

Famously, along the river Vlist, Wilhelmina of Prussia, was halted by patriots from Gouda while on her way to The Hague. She was planning to attempt to convince the States General to let her husband William V return to the city. The patriots tried to prevent this and she was then brought to a farm near the Goejanverwellesluis (in present Hekendorp). Afterwards, she was not allowed further passage into Holland and returned to Nijmegen without result. This event, that directly led to the invasion of the Dutch Republic by Frederick William II of Prussia and the fall of the patriots, occurred on June 28, 1787, and is (incorrectly, because it happened at Bonrepas) known as the Arrest at Goejanverwellesluis.

## International relations
### Twin towns - Sister cities

Vlist is twinned with:
* Bač, Serbia
# Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)

"Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" is a song by We the Kingdom that was released as a standalone single, on October 30, 2020. The song was written by Andrew Bergthold, Ed Cash, Franni Cash, Martin Cash, and Scott Cash.
"Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" peaked at No. 29 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.

## Background

On October 30, 2020, We the Kingdom released "Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" accompanied by an audio video of the song. Ed Cash shared the message of the song, saying:
   We've all had darkness in our own lives and we're so thankful that God in His mercy has brought His Light to the world to shine into those place.

## Composition

"Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" is composed in the key of D with a tempo of 54 beats per minute and a musical time signature of $^6$ $_8$. The singers' vocal range spans from F♯$_3$ to C♯$_5$.

## Commercial performance

"Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" made its debut at No. 39 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart dated December 12, 2020, following its commercial release. It went on to peak at number 29 on the chart, and spent a total of four consecutive weeks on Hot Christian Songs Chart.

## Music videos

The official audio video of "Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" was published on We the Kingdom's YouTube channel on October 30, 2020. We the Kingdom released the lyric video of the song on November 20, 2020. The acoustic performance video of the song was released on December 8, 2020, on YouTube.

## Credits

Adapted from AllMusic.
* Jesse Brock — mixing assistant
* Warren David — mixing assistant
* Joe LaPorta — mastering engineer
* Sean Moffitt — mixing
* We the Kingdom — primary artist, producer

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "Light of the World (Sing Hallelujah)" :
| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| US Christian Songs (Billboard) | 29 |
| US Christian Airplay (Billboard) | 20 |
| US Christian AC (Billboard) | 16 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| Various | October 30, 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Capitol Christian Music Group | |