OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ali Sarwar Khan

Nawab Ali Sarwar Khan (15 May 1924 – 25 July 1995), also known by his daak naam Chunnu Nawab, was a Bangladeshi politician. He was a former MP based in Moulvibazar District.

## Early life and education

Ali Sarwar Khan was born 15 May 1924 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency. He belonged to an royal Bengali Shi'ite family known as the Nawabs of Longla (or Prithimpasssa family) in Kulaura, South Sylhet. His father, Nawab Ali Haider Khan, was a notable politician and minister of Assam. His mother, Husna Ara Begum, was the eldest daughter of Nawab Wasif Ali Mirza of Murshidabad. Khan studied in Shillong, before proceeding his education at the Aligarh Muslim University.

## Career

As a member of the Awami League, Khan won a seat during the 1970 Pakistani general election in Kulaura although this term was disrupted by the Bangladesh Liberation War. He and his brother Ali Safdar Khan participated in the war as commanders of a regiment from the Tripura borders. He was one of the formulators of the 1972 Constitution of Bangladesh. He again won the seat in the 1973 Bangladeshi general election in Kulaura.
# DXEM

DXEM (96.9 FM), broadcasting as 96.9 Radyo Natin, is a radio station owned and operated by MBC Media Group. Its studios and transmitter are located along Quezon Ave., Marawi.
# Papratno, Foča

Papratno (Serbian Cyrillic: Папратно) is a village in the municipality of Foča, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Whitley plant

The Whitley plant, situated in Whitley, Coventry, United Kingdom, is the headquarters and one of the engineering centres of Jaguar Land Rover. The facility is a fully integrated design, research and development centre and is used for the design and development of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles.

## History

The site now occupied by the Whitley plant was originally an aerodrome, built during the First World War.
In the early 1920s the site and its associated buildings were bought by Sir W.G. Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft Co. Ltd. From 1923 until the end of the Second World War several aircraft types, including the Armstrong Whitworth Siskin, the Hawker Hart biplanes and the Armstrong Whitworth Whitley bomber were built at the site.
After the Second World War, Armstrong Whitworth concentrated its guided missile work at the plant, including the development of the Seaslug surface-to-air missile. In 1968 Hawker Siddeley Dynamics, who had by then absorbed the Armstrong Whitworth company, closed the site with the loss of 2,260 jobs. Work being carried out at the site on the Nike-Ajax and Sea Dart missiles was transferred to Hawker Siddeley Dynamics plants in Hatfield, Cheadle Hulme and Lostock.
The Rootes Group, by then owned by Chrysler Europe, purchased the 187-acre site from Hawker Siddeley Dynamics in 1969 for the purpose of centralising all its design and engineering teams onto one site. From 1970 Rootes used the site for the design of all their new trucks and cars.
In 1978 Chrysler sold its European operations to PSA Group, and the Whitley plant was taken over by Peugeot-Talbot. By 1985 Peugeot had moved all its design and development activities to Paris Hawtal Whiting design group used it for a short period then the newly privatised Jaguar Cars bought the plant and following a refurbishment, established its engineering centre there in 1987.
In 2005 Jaguar Cars moved its headquarters to join its engineering centre at the Whitley site, after scaling down its operations at its Browns Lane plant.

## Environment

The Whitley plant is surrounded by green land, and a lake, woods and the River Sowe are nearby. Some of the former playing fields of Whitley Abbey Comprehensive School were sold by the council to Ford, who owned Jaguar at the time.
A major expansion of the Whitley facility and the building of a new industrial estate in the surrounding green fields and woods is a controversial local issue. The expansion would consume approximately 740 acres of greenbelt land, and Roxhill Developers, which is behind the project, is ultimately controlled by an offshore company domiciled in the Cayman Islands.
# Thurso Pentland F.C.

Thurso Pentland Football Club is a football club from Thurso in Caithness, Scotland.

## History

The club was founded in 1918, originally under the name Pentland, by local men on leave from the First World War, who played ad hoc against Royal Navy sides and decided to stay together as a single club.
Pentland was generally the strongest side in the area up until the Second World War, the Caithness & Sutherland representative side always having a Pentland player in its XI until March 1939. Indeed, the Pentland outside-left in 1938, Roy Manson, was so impressive in an inter-county match that he was signed up by Aberdeen.
The club joined the Scottish Football Association as a senior club in 1934. It remained a member until the War, playing in the Scottish Qualifying Cup from 1934–35 to 1938–39, without winning a tie, but never being disgraced; in its final entry, it drew twice with Brora Rangers before going out at the third time of asking, Brora having won the toss to host the second replay. The original replay ended 4–4; the Rangers' Miller scored a hat-trick in seven first-half minutes, two from the penalty spot, and Thurso came back from 4–2 down at half-time. Pentland had been drawn to visit Ross County in the first round in 1939–40, but the competition was called off before the match could take place.
The Qualifying Cup was the only senior competition the club was able to enter - an attempt to join the North of Scotland Cup in 1938 was rejected because of distance.
The club currently plays in the Caithness Amateur Football Association league. Its main honours have come in the Highland Amateur Cup, reaching five of the first six finals, and winning the competition three times, the first in 1979–80 with a 5–2 win over Dingwall Thistle at Dudgeon Park.

## Colours

The club's colours are green and black. Its change kit for 2023–24 is all black.

## Ground

The club plays at St George's Park, also known as The Dammies.
# Threskiornis

Threskiornis is a genus of ibises, wading birds of the family Threskiornithidae. They occur in the warmer parts of the Old World in southern Asia, Australasia and Sub-Saharan Africa. They are colonial breeders, which build a stick nest in a tree or bush and lay two to four eggs. They occur in marshy wetlands and feed on various fish, frogs, crustaceans and insects. In English, they are called sacred ibises. In Australia, urban dwelling ibises are known colloquially as "bin chickens".

## Description

Adult Threskiornis ibises are typically 75 cm long and have white body plumage. The bald head, neck and legs are black. The bill is thick and curved. Sexes are similar, but juveniles have whiter necks duller plumage. The straw-necked ibis differs from the other species in having dark upperparts, and is some times placed in the separate genus Carphibis (Jameson, 1835) as Carphibis spinicollis. A flightless species, the Reunion ibis, became extinct in the 18th century.

## Species

| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| T. aethiopicus | African sacred ibis | Sub-Saharan Africa, southeastern Iraq, and formerly in Egypt |
| T. bernieri | Malagasy sacred ibis | Madagascar |
| T. melanocephalus | Black-headed ibis | Northern India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka east up to Japan |
| T. moluccus | Australian white ibis | Eastern, northern and south-western Australia |
| T. spinicollis | Straw-necked ibis | Australia (except parts of Western Australia, South Australia, and south-west Tasmania), Indonesia and New Guinea |
| T. solitarius † | Reunion ibis | Extinct, lived on Réunion island |
# Pelengana

Pelengana (or Pélengana) is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Ségou in the Ségou Region of southern-central Mali. The commune contains the town and 25 villages in an area of approximately 359 square kilometers. In the 2009 census it had a population of 56,259. The town of Pelengana lies 5 km southeast of Ségou on the Route Nationale 6.
# Peleng fantail

The Peleng fantail (Rhipidura habibiei) is a fantail endemic to the mountainous areas of Peleng island in Indonesia. It can be distinguished from other species of fantail by the black scaling below its black breast patch, bright white throat, and distinct courtship vocalization. It was described in 2020 alongside 9 other new species and subspecies of birds endemic to islands in Wallacea. All of them were discovered in surveys during 2009 and 2013, the largest discovery of its kind in over a century. It may be potentially threatened by deforestation and climate change-fueled wildfires.
# Comstock Township, Marshall County, Minnesota

Comstock Township is a township in Marshall County, Minnesota. As of the 2000 census, the township population was 135.

## History

Comstock Township was organized in 1881, and named for Solomon Comstock, a U.S. representative from Minnesota.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 45.3 square miles (117 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 135 people, 55 households, and 42 families residing in the township. The population density was 3.0 inhabitants per square mile (1.2/km$^2$). There were 64 housing units at an average density of 1.4 per square mile (0.54/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 90.37% White, 8.15% from other races, and 1.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.15% of the population.
There were 55 households, out of which 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.3% were married couples living together, 1.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 23.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.74.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 20.7% from 25 to 44, 34.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 121.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.3 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $33,125, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $30,417 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,890. There were 11.8% of families and 13.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including 14.3% of under eighteens and 38.1% of those over 64.
# Concurrent mark sweep collector

The concurrent mark sweep collector (concurrent mark-sweep collector, concurrent collector or CMS) was a mark-and-sweep garbage collector in the Oracle HotSpot Java virtual machine (JVM) available since version 1.4.1. It was deprecated on version 9 and removed on version 14, so from Java 15 it is no longer available.

## HotSpot garbage collectors

The HotSpot JVM selects the default garbage collector based on several factors. The newer garbage-first collector (G1) was planned to replace CMS. That change was finally done in version 9.
To launch the JVM with this garbage collector you can add this property to the java command line -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC when using java version less than 14.
# Concurrent object-oriented programming

Concurrent object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm which combines object-oriented programming (OOP) together with concurrency. While numerous programming languages, such as Java, combine OOP with concurrency mechanisms like threads, the phrase "concurrent object-oriented programming" primarily refers to systems where objects themselves are a concurrency primitive, such as when objects are combined with the actor model.
# Common stock dividend

A common stock dividend is the dividend paid to common stock owners from the profits of the company. Like other dividends, the payout is in the form of either cash or stock. The law may regulate the size of the common stock dividend particularly when the payout is a cash distribution tantamount to a liquidation. Such cash dividends may serve the intent of defrauding creditors.

## Cash dividend

A cash dividend is the distribution of profits to the common stock shareholders, the owners of the corporation. Such distributions are in equal amounts to the shareholders depending on the portion of the company they own.

## Stock dividend

A stock dividend to common stock dividend owners distributes additional stock in the company to the common stock shareholders. Such dividends are evenly distributed to the shareholders depending on their portion of ownership in the corporation. Such distributions maintain their proportional ownership in the corporation.
# Common stored value ticket

A common stored value ticket was a plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999. It was also used on Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services and two branches of Café de Coral, these tickets however, could not be used for 1st class services or trips from or to Lo Wu station on the KCR. The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999. The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single-journey and souvenir tickets.
To encourage use, fares had a discount when the trip was paid by this card. In addition, higher value tickets had bonus value stored when purchased. (For example, a $200 ticket bought in early 1990s had a stored value of $212, while it still only cost $200 to purchase). To avoid the issue of making up fare for a trip with insufficient balance remaining on the ticket, it was stipulated that the last trip of the ticket was good for any distance on the railway, regardless of remaining balance on the ticket. Thus, it was possible to travel for the entire distance of the system with a common stored value ticket with ten Hong Kong cents (approximately US 1.5 cents) remaining on the ticket.
There were four stored value ticket levels that were produced, Children (for children aged 3-11) which had a value of $20, Students (for students aged 12-25 who held valid student passes) which had a value of $30, Seniors (for people above 65) which had a value of $20 and Adults which had values of $50, $103 (sold for $100) and $212 (sold for $200).

## History

In 1981, MTR Corporation started using magnetic strip cards as tickets. The turnstile would return the ticket to the user when the passenger enters and leaves the subway system, depending on how much money remains. If the entire value is used up, the ticket is confiscated.
On 15 October 1984, KCR automated its ticketing system. The two companies jointly produced the common stored value ticket.
On 31 August 1998, MTR and KCR announced that the tickets were no longer to be sold.
On 2 January 1999, they were phased out entirely in favour of the Octopus card.
# Permanent Observer of the Holy See to UNESCO

The Permanent Observer of Holy See to UNESCO is the representative of the Holy See to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which is based in Paris. The Church also has representatives at the headquarters of the United Nations in New York and at the headquarters of a number of its other international bodies in Geneva and Nairobi.
The first to hold the position was Angelo Roncalli, who was also the Nuncio to France and a titular archbishop. Only one of his successors, Paolo Bertoli, has held those titles while serving as Permanent Observer. His immediate successor was typical of most: a priest who only became nuncio and archbishop when given his next assignment as Apostolic Nuncio to Costa Rica.

## List of permanent observers

* Angelo Roncalli (9 June 1952 – 12 January 1953)
* Giuseppe Sensi (16 May 1953 – 21 May 1955)
* unknown
* Angelo Pedroni (4 November 1960 – 7 April 1965)
* Giovanni Benelli (1964 – 1966)
* unknown
* Luigi Conti (9 August 1971 – 5 August 1975)
* Lorenzo Frana (13 August 1975 – 11 May 2002)
* Francesco Follo (11 May 2002 – 11 November 2021)
* Eric Soviguidi (11 November 2021 - present)
# Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Organization of American States

The Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the Organization of American States is a diplomatic post of the Holy See. First appointed in 1978, the position had been given to the Vatican's diplomat to the United States until 2012. In 2012, Pope Benedict XVI appointed the Holy See's Permanent Observer to the United Nations in New York to the post. Pope Francis and Secretary of State Pietro Parolin maintained that new pattern in 2014, and then in 2019 appointed the first observer to hold only that position.

## Observers

* Jean Jadot (1978 – 27 June 1980)
* Pio Laghi (10 December 1980 – 6 April 1990)
* Agostino Cacciavillan (13 June 1990 – 5 November 1998)
* Gabriel Montalvo Higuera (December 1998 – 17 December 2005)
* Pietro Sambi (17 December 2005 – 27 July 2011)
* Francis Assisi Chullikatt (21 August 2012 – July 2014)
* Bernardito Auza (16 July 2014 – 31 August 2019)
* Mark Miles (31 August 2019 – 5 February 2021)
* Juan Antonio Cruz Serrano (5 February 2021 – present)
# Community development planning

Community development planning consists of a public participatory and usually interactive form of town or neighborhood planning and design in which diverse community members (often termed “stakeholders”) contribute toward formulation of the goals, objectives, planning, fund/resource identification and direction, planned project implementations and reevaluation of documented local planning policy. It is a logical “bottom-up” evolution of (formerly “top-down”) regional, city and urban planning in an era of plateaued or diminishing public resources, increasing local burdens and responsibilities and public activism. It often promotes public/private partnership as a means to harness physical development activities in support of community-defined goals. At a minimum, it seeks community consensus for proposed allocations of scarce resources among competing demands. In more vigorous application, community members access a full gamut of planning tools, shaping and being shaped by shared understanding of a complex community information base, directly informing and guiding local plan content, influencing resulting development budgets, projects and thus future infrastructure and land uses, as well as helping coordinate the work of overlapping jurisdictions, levels of government, internal and adjacent communities and various providers, such as business associations, utilities and schools.
# Community diagnostic centre

Community diagnostic centres were introduced into the English NHS in 2021 as part of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in England. The intention was to make tests more easily available, reduce visits to hospitals and reduce patient travel. Sir Mike Richards conducted a review of diagnostic services as part of the NHS Long Term Plan and this was one of his recommendations. There were 40 centres included in the first wave. £2.3 billion was committed to the programme.
MRI scanners, ultrasound, X-ray, breast screening, phlebotomy and bone density scans are available services. Some are in community settings such as shopping centres and football stadiums, but some are actually on hospital or GP surgery sites. Only 20% are actually “in the community”. The King’s Fund said the centres had “much to learn” from the Covid-19 vaccination programme where people were easily able to access a vaccination centre in places “convenient and familiar”, such as churches and temples. They pointed out that the standard that patients should wait less than six weeks for a diagnostic test had not been met since February 2017. The NHS conducts around a billion diagnostic tests a year in England. The number of colonoscopies and MRI scans increased between 4% and 7% in the three years to 2018/19 and this trend is expected to continue.
In April 2022, 73 centres were operating, said to be providing 30,000 additional tests a week, and the aspiration was to have 160 CDCs up and running by 2025. This was actually an average of only 411 tests per week per centre. Shortages of qualified staff impacted on the programme. By September 2022 92 centres were operating and they were said to have delivered 1.7 million tests, checks and scans. Steve Barclay was promoting them vigorously as "helping to bust the COVID backlogs." In October 2022 they were said to have delivered over 2 million tests, checks and scans since July 2021.
# Thành An, Bến Tre

Thành An is a rural commune of Mỏ Cày Bắc District, Bến Tre Province, Vietnam. The commune covers 11.32 km$^2$. In 1999 it had a population of 8,106 and a population density of 716 inhabitants/km$^2$.
# Ties (TV series)

Ties is a Bulgarian comedy series emanating for bTV, produced by Emo Vision. It starred Mihail Bilalov, Lilia Maravilya, Lyuben Chatalov, Aneta Sotirova, Valeri Yordanov, Yana Marinova, Nikolai Ishkov, Angela Nedyalkova, Lori Kamburova, and Alex Alexiev. In January, 2016 FOX Networks Group acquired the rights to broadcast the first season of "Ties" for 8 territories in which it operates. Fox Life broadcasting episodes of the second season of the series. The premiere was on April 4, 2016 at 19:30 pm. The show broadcasting simultaneously in Bulgaria, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo and Albania.

## Series overview

| Seasons | Seasons | Timeslot | TV Season | Episodes | Premiere | Final | Duration |
| | 1 | Wednesday-Friday, 9:30 PM | 2015 (Summer) | 10 | June 3, 2015 | June 25, 2015 | 45 minutes (no ads) |
| | 2 | Monday, 10 PM | 2016 (Spring) | 10 | April 4, 2016 | June 6, 2016 | 45 minutes (no ads) |

## Characters

* Mihail Bilalov – Tony, marriage counselor, husband of Mika
* Lilia Maravilya – Mika, architect, wife of Tony
* Aneta Sotirova – Felina, a former actress, mother of Tony
* Valeri Yordanov – Alexander Panov, underground boss, lover Mika and ex-boyfriend of Yasmina
* Yana Marinova – Yasmina, sexologist, mistress of Tony
* Nikolai Ishkov – No. 1, former husband of Mika, father of Leah and Bogdan
* Angela Nedyalkova – Dara, daughter of Tony and Mika
* Lorina Kamburova – Leah, lingerie model, daughter of Mika and No. 1
* Alex Alexiev – Bogdan, journalist, son of Mika, the twin brother of Leah
* Irini Zhambonas – Irina, girlfriend Number 1, Mika's friend
* Ilyana Lazarova – Mika's assistant