OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Renée Carl

Renée Carl (10 June 1875 – 31 July 1954) was a French actress of the silent era. She was born in Fontenay-le-Comte, Vendée, France, and died in Paris, France.
Between 1907 and 1937, she appeared in 186 films. A favorite of film director Louis Feuillade, she appeared in at least 150 films directed by him, including the short Bébé and Bout de Zan comedies. Of the many characters she played in Feuillade's films, perhaps her most famous portrayal was that of Lady Beltham, mistress of the notorious Fantômas in the serial of the same name. She makes an uncredited appearance, as "L'Andalouse," in Les Vampires.
In 1922, she directed and starred in the film A Shout from the Abyss, also known as Un cri dans l'abîme. In a 1924 interview for Mon Ciné magazine, she stated that she was introduced to film-making through her friend Léonie Richard.

## Selected filmography

* Fantômas (1913)
* Les Vampires (1915)
* Les Misérables (1925)
* Colette the Unwanted (1927)
* Pépé le Moko (1937)
# Pamela Carruthers

Pamela Isabel Jameson Carruthers (née Torrie, 11 August 1916 – 23 September 2009), was a British showjumper, and showjumping course designer, and "had a profound influence on show jumping courses in many parts of the world".

## Early life

She was born Pamela Isabel Jameson Torrie on 11 August 1916 at 19 Atholl Crescent, Edinburgh, the only child of Thomas George Jameson Torrie (1880–1916), a Life Guards lieutenant-colonel, and his wife, Esmé Muriel Torrie, née Crabbe (1895–1984).
Her parents married in September 1915, and her father was killed in action on the Western Front in November 1916. In 1920, her mother married Basil Eddis, a merchant in India, and Pamela spent some time there, until the marriage broke down and they returned to the UK, after which her mother married Ralph Hope Vere.
She was educated at Westonbirt School, near Tetbury, and at the Ozanne finishing school in Paris. She was keen on horses and riding from an early age, and after finishing school, enrolled on a riding course at the Cavalry School of Equitation in Saumur, France. Her mother sent her money to purchase a fur coat, but she spent it on a horse instead.

## Career

Back home in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, she opened a riding school, and began a career in showjumping and exhibiting horses. Over time she became ever more involved in designing showjumping courses.
Carruthers designed Spruce Meadows in Canada, "arguably the world's top permanent arena", and created and developed showjumping courses across Europe, in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Venezuela, Brazil, Ireland and the United States.
From 1973 to 1982, Carruthers was responsible for designing the American Invitational's Grand Prix course at Tampa, Florida, the country's top showjumping competition.

## Personal life

On 8 November 1939 she married RAF officer Huw Carruthers, in All Saints (Episcopal) Church, Lockerbie. They moved to Wiltshire, where they couple bought a farm in Malmesbury. They had two sons: Christopher Hew Carruthers, born in Hoddom, Dumfriesshire, in 1940, and John Anthony Carruthers, born in Chippenham, Wiltshire, in 1941.

## Later life

Carruthers retired in 2003, and lived near Castle Combe, Wiltshire. She died on 23 September 2009, and was survived by her two sons.
# School of Educational Innovation and Teacher Preparation

School of Educational Innovation and Teacher Preparation, founded in 1998, is located on Arizona State University's Polytechnic Campus in Mesa, Arizona.

## Undergraduate programs

* Early Childhood Education
* Elementary Education
* Physical Education
* Secondary Education
* Special Education

## Graduate programs

* Curriculum and Instruction (M.Ed.)
* Special Education (M.Ed.)
* Physical Education (M.P.E.)
* Physical Education (Ph.D.)
* Post-Baccalaureate Certification
# Shapiro's lemma

In mathematics, especially in the areas of abstract algebra dealing with group cohomology or relative homological algebra, Shapiro's lemma, also known as the Eckmann–Shapiro lemma, relates extensions of modules over one ring to extensions over another, especially the group ring of a group and of a subgroup. It thus relates the group cohomology with respect to a group to the cohomology with respect to a subgroup. Shapiro's lemma is named after Arnold S. Shapiro, who proved it in 1961; however, Beno Eckmann had discovered it earlier, in 1953.

## Statement for rings

Let R → S be a ring homomorphism, so that S becomes a left and right R-module. Let M be a left S-module and N a left R-module. By restriction of scalars, M is also a left R-module.
* If S is projective as a right R-module, then:
       $\operatorname {Ext} _{R}^{n}(N,_{R}M)\cong \operatorname {Ext} _{S}^{n}(S\otimes _{R}N,M)$
* If S is projective as a left R-module, then:
       $\operatorname {Ext} _{R}^{n}(_{R}M,N)\cong \operatorname {Ext} _{S}^{n}(M,\operatorname {Hom} _{R}(S,N))$
See (Benson 1991, p. 47). The projectivity conditions can be weakened into conditions on the vanishing of certain Tor- or Ext-groups: see (Cartan & Eilenberg 1956, p. 118, VI.§5).

## Statement for group rings

When H is a subgroup of finite index in G, then the group ring R[G] is finitely generated projective as a left and right R[H] module, so the previous theorem applies in a simple way. Let M be a finite-dimensional representation of G and N a finite-dimensional representation of H. In this case, the module S ⊗$_R$ N is called the induced representation of N from H to G, and $_R$M is called the restricted representation of M from G to H. One has that:
    $\operatorname {Ext} _{G}^{n}(M,N\uparrow _{H}^{G})\cong \operatorname {Ext} _{H}^{n}(M\downarrow _{H}^{G},N)$
When n = 0, this is called Frobenius reciprocity for completely reducible modules, and Nakayama reciprocity in general. See (Benson 1991, p. 42), which also contains these higher versions of the Mackey decomposition.

## Statement for group cohomology

Specializing M to be the trivial module produces the familiar Shapiro's lemma. Let H be a subgroup of G and N a representation of H. For N$^G$ the induced representation of N from H to G using the tensor product, and for H$_{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$ the group homology:
    H$_{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$(G, N$^G$) = H$_{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$(H, N)
Similarly, for N$^G$ the co-induced representation of N from H to G using the Hom functor, and for H$^{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$ the group cohomology:
    H$^{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$(G, N$^G$) = H$^{∗{\displaystyle\ast}}$(H, N)
When H has finite index in G, then the induced and coinduced representations coincide and the lemma is valid for both homology and cohomology.
See (Weibel 1994, p. 172).
# Small nucleolar RNA SNORA72

In molecular biology, small nucleolar RNA SNORA72 (also known as U72) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a "guide RNA".
ACA30 was originally cloned from HeLa cells and belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, has the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1 protein. snoRNA ACA72 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of U55 of 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Pseudouridylation is the (isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine) to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.
# Sacred Heart Church (Staten Island)

The Church of the Sacred Heart is a Roman Catholic parish church under the authority of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located in Staten Island, New York City. The parish was established in 1875. After much financial difficulty, the church building was gradually renovated and extended to cater to the growing congregation and finished in 1900. The affiliated parish elementary school and the Schoenstatt "Shrine of Light" are located across Castleton Avenue.
# Alexander Christie (artist)

Alexander Christie (12 April 1807 – 5 May 1860) was a Scottish painter.

## Life

He was eldest son of David Christie. His mother was Isabella Don. David and Isabella married on 14 October 1803 in Edinburgh.
Alexander was a grand-nephew of Hugh Christie, and was born in Edinburgh on 12 April 1807.
He was educated at Edinburgh Academy and the University of Edinburgh. Intended for the law, he served an apprenticeship to a writer to the signet, but was never admitted to the Society.

## Art

His father's death allowed Christie to follow his own wishes and concentrate on art. Giving up his legal prospects, in 1833 he entered as a pupil at the Trustees' Academy in Edinburgh, then under the direction of Sir William Allan. After studying in London and Paris he returned to Edinburgh and settled there.
In 1843, Christie was appointed an assistant, and in 1845, in succession to Thomas Duncan, RSA, first master or director of the ornamental department of the School of Art, under the board of trustees for manufactures in Scotland. In 1848, he was elected an associate of the Royal Scottish Academy, where for some years one or more of his pictures appeared in every exhibition. He exhibited only once in the Royal Academy in London, sending in 1853 A Window-seat at Wittemburg, 1526—Luther, the married priest.

## Death

He died on 5 May 1860 in Edinburgh.
He was buried on 10 May 1860 in Canongate Cemetery, Edinburgh.

## Works

One of his pictures, An Incident in the History of the Great Plague, went to the National Gallery of Scotland, as did the artist's copy of a large picture painted as an altar-piece for the chapel at Murthly Castle, The Apparition of the Cross to Constantine. Several of the illustrations of the Abbotsford edition of The Bride of Lammermoor are from his designs.
Christie delivered courses of lectures at the Philosophical Institution in Edinburgh, and elsewhere, on subjects connected with art. A paper by him On the Adaptation of previous styles of Architecture to our present Wants was in the Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Scotland, vol. iii. (1854).
# Scotch woodcock

Scotch woodcock is a British savoury dish consisting of creamy, lightly-scrambled eggs served on toast that has been spread with anchovy paste or Gentleman's Relish, and sometimes topped with chopped herbs and black pepper.
Scotch woodcock was served in the refreshment rooms of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom as late as 1949. It was also served historically at the colleges of the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford and it continues to be served at the Oxford and Cambridge Club as an alternative to sweet desserts or cheeseboard.
It was a well-known dish in the Victorian era, and is mentioned in Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management.
The name is modelled on Welsh rabbit. Similar to Welsh rabbit which contains no rabbit meat, the dish has no woodcock, a type of bird, in its ingredients at all.
# Neon (spider)

Neon is a spider genus of the jumping spider family, Salticidae. Its described species occur mostly in Eurasia, with some species found in North and South America. One species, N. convolutus, is also found in Algeria. Two species are known from Australia, N. australis and N. taylori. N. australis has palp morphology and fringing on its first pair of legs very similar to that seen in N. nojimai Ikeda 1995, from Japan. N. taylori is most similar in morphology to N. sumatranus from Indonesia and N. kovblyuki from the Crimea and elsewhere. The genus is common and widespread in litter throughout Australia, from the highlands of Tasmania through the hot, dry inland to the wet tropics and includes many undescribed species.
Spiders in Neon are tiny to small, usually less than 5mm in body length. In the genus definition it says "Small unidentate spiders ranging from about 1.4 to 3.0mm in length." A precise definition of the genus was provided by Gertsch & Ivie (1955). Lohmander (1945) first established a subgenus Dicroneon for Neon levis (Simon). Neon reticulatus (Blackwall) and its relatives were assigned by Gertsch & Ivie to another subgenus, Neon.
The molecular phylogeny of the Salticidae developed by Maddison and co-workers places Neon in the Astioida and most closely related to the Australian-based Astiae radiation. It is possible as a consequence, that Neon is an originally Australian genus that has spread to other regions. However the only species of this genus sequenced (Maddison and Hedin 2003; Bodner and Maddison 2012), N. nelli, belongs within the subgenus Neon, unlike all the presently known Australian species that are more similar to members of the subgenus Dicroneon from the oriental region.

## Species

As of May 2016, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:
* Neon acoreensis Wunderlich, 2008 – Azores
* Neon australis Richardson, 2013 – South Australia
* Neon avalonus Gertsch & Ivie, 1955 – United States
* Neon caboverdensis Schmidt & Krause, 1998 – Cape Verde Islands
* Neon convolutus Denis, 1937 – Spain, France, Algeria
* Neon ellamae Gertsch & Ivie, 1955 – USA
* Neon kiyotoi Ikeda, 1995 – Japan
* Neon kovblyuki Logunov, 2004 – Ukraine
* Neon levis (Simon, 1871) – Palearctic
* Neon minutus Zabka, 1985 – Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan
* Neon muticus (Simon, 1871) – Corsica
* Neon nelli Peckham & Peckham, 1888 – USA, Canada
* Neon nigriceps Bryant, 1940 – Cuba
* Neon ningyo Ikeda, 1995 – China, Japan
* Neon nojimai Ikeda, 1995 – Japan
* Neon pictus Kulczynski, 1891 – Southeastern Europe to Central Asia
* Neon pixii Gertsch & Ivie, 1955 – USA
* Neon plutonus Gertsch & Ivie, 1955 – USA
* Neon punctulatus Karsch, 1880 – Bolivia
* Neon rayi (Simon, 1875) – Southern, Central Europe to Kazakhstan, Israel
* Neon reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853) (type species) – Holarctic
* Neon robustus Lohmander, 1945 – Western Europe
* Neon sumatranus Logunov, 1998 – Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea
* Neon taylori Richardson, 2013 – New South Wales, Victoria
* Neon valentulus Falconer, 1912 – Europe to Central Asia
* Neon wangi Peng & Li, 2006 – China
* Neon zonatus Bao & Peng, 2002 – Taiwan
# Abraham Dirk Loman

Abraham Dirk Loman (16 September 1823, The Hague – 17 April 1897, Amsterdam) was a Dutch theologian. He was a professor from 1856 to 1893. In his later period he belonged to the Dutch radical critics.

## Life

Loman was the son of a minister in the Dutch Lutheran church. He started studying theology in 1840 and became a minister in 1846. In 1856 he became a professor at the Lutheran seminary in Amsterdam. Loman gradually lost his eyesight in the beginning of the 1870s, but continued working. From 1877 he also was a theology professor at the University of Amsterdam until his retirement in 1893. His son Rudolf Loman was Dutch Chess Champion.

## Work

Loman introduced modern theology in the Dutch Lutheran Church. He taught almost all disciplines of theology, but concentrated after 1867 on the New Testament and early Christian literature. He wrote a book about the Muratorian fragment, but published mostly in journals. His opinions mostly agreed with the Tübingen school. When his colleague Allard Pierson in 1878 denied the authenticity of Galatians, Loman wrote a fierce condemnation.
But after 1880 his views changed. He was an advocate of the Christ myth theory and caused great consternation by a public lecture on 13 December 1881 in the building of the Vrije Gemeente where he stated that Jesus is not a figure of history and that all we know about him is second-century fiction. In his Quaestiones Paulinae (1882, 1883, 1886) he abandoned Pauline authorship of Galatians. His arguments were that the Pauline epistles are not quoted by Justin Martyr and that the first datable references are by Marcion.
# Ailín II, Earl of Lennox

Mormaer Ailín II of Lennox (also known as Ailean or Alwyn) was the son of Mormaer Ailín I, and ruled Lennox from somewhere in the beginning of the 13th century until his death in 1217.
Unlike many other Scottish Mormaers, he played little role in the wider society of the Scottish kingdom. Lennox at the time was a frontier region between the Scottish Gaelic lands of central Scotland and the Norse Gaelic lands of Argyll, and the Mormaerdom seems to have lacked the status accorded to the other Mormaerdoms. Either because of this lack of status, or because of the lack of interest in national affairs, Ailin's attendance was not recorded at the coronation of King Alexander II, at Scone in 1215.
Ailin was father of ten sons, one of whom founded the clan MacFarlane, while another was ancestor of Walter of Faslane, who married the heiress of the 6th earl of Lennox.
# Pablo Arias

Pablo Arias may refer to:
* Pablo Arias Echeverría (born 1970), Spanish politician
* Pepe Arias (José Pablo Arias Martínez; 1900–1967), Argentine actor
* Pablo Milanés (Pablo Milanés Arias; born 1943), Cuban musician
# Kung language (Cameroon)

Kung is a Grassfields Bantu language of Cameroon.

## Consonants

Tatang enumerates 24 plain consonants, 9 prenasalized consonants, 7 labialized consonants, and 6 palatalized consonants, for a total of 46.
| | Labial | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labial-velar | Glottal |
| Stop | /b/ /ᵐb/ /bʷ/ /bʲ/ | /t/ /ⁿt/ /d/ /ⁿd/ /tʲ/ | | | /k/ /ᵑk/ /ᵑg/ /kʷ/ /kʲ/ | /k͡p/ /g͡b/ | /ʔ/ |
| Affricate | /ᵐb͡v/ | /t͡s/ /ⁿd͡z/ | /t͡ʃ/ /d͡ʒ/ | | | | |
| Fricative | /fʷ/ /fʲ/ | /s/ /z/ /ⁿz/ | /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ⁿʒ/ /ʃʷ/ /ʒʲ/ | | /ɣ/ | | |
| Nasal | /m/ /mʷ/ | /n/ | | /ɲ/ | /ŋʷ/ | | |
| Trill | /ʙ/ | | | | | | |
| Approximant | | /l/ /lʷ/ /lʲ/ | | /j/ | | /w/ | |

## Vowels

Tatang counts 10 vowel phonemes.
| | Front | Central | Central | Back |
| Close | /i/ | /ɨ/ | /ʉ/ | /u/ |
| Close-mid | /e/ | | | /o/ |
| Open-mid | /ɛ/ | | | /ɔ/ |
| Open | | /ä/ | /ä/ | |

## Tones

In addition, Kung contrasts six tones--three level tones (high, mid, low) and three contour tones (rising, high-mid, and falling). Tatang argues that the contour tones are combinations of register tones.
# Syllepte vagans

Syllepte vagans, the leaden pearl, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Tutt in 1890. It is found in South Africa, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. It is recorded infrequently in the Great Britain through accidental import.
The wingspan is 23–26 millimetres (0.91–1.02 in).
# Scott Sale

Vernon Scott Sale (13 June 1915 – 4 January 1991) was a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class cricket for Auckland from 1934 to 1940.

## Life and career

Scott Sale was born in Auckland. When he was three years old, his father, the New Zealand cricketer Ned Sale, died in the influenza epidemic of 1918.
Sale was educated at Takapuna Grammar School. Aged 17 and while still at school, he made his first century in senior Auckland cricket in November 1932. In the corresponding round two years later he scored 220 in just under four hours.
Sale made his first-class debut in the 1934–35 season. In his second match he came to the crease with Auckland at 252 for 7 in reply to Otago's 278; he made 65 and Auckland totalled 450. He was selected for North Island in the match against South Island at the end of the season and made 16 and 43. However, he appeared in only two first-class matches in the next three seasons.
After serving as twelfth man in the first match of the 1938–39 Plunket Shield, Sale returned to the Auckland team for the second and third matches. Auckland won both matches, and the Shield. In the first match he made 106 (batting at number eight) and 43 not out against Otago. The "diminutive Aucklander" scored his century in 115 minutes of "confident and beautifully timed stroke play". Later that year, on Christmas Day, during the match against Auckland he made 97, the highest score in the match, "a masterly innings lasting 135 minutes" with "powerful off and cover drives, and brilliant hook and pull shots".
After the 1939–40 season, when Auckland won the Plunket Shield and Sale was singled out in The Cricketer as a batsman of "considerable promise", World War II curtailed cricket in New Zealand, and Sale played no more first-class cricket. He umpired two first-class matches in 1947-48 and 1948–49.
He was also a football player. He married Rona Dickey in December 1940. He worked in banking.
# Abdolali Lotfi

Abdolali Lotfi, also known as Sheikh Abdolali Khan, (23 January 1880–15 September 1956) was an Iranian politician and judge. He was the minister of justice in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh. Lotfi also served as the chief of the general inspection office.
Just before the coup d'état in 1953 the Western publications, including Newsweek, reported that Lotfi was one of communists who were dangerous threats for Iran. The other cabinet members who were also regarded as communist threats were Mehdi Azar and Hossein Fatemi. On 2 September 1953 Lotfi and Mehdi Azar were arrested by the military governorate. Lotfi was sentenced to prison terms. After being released from the prison Lotfi was attacked by the anti-Mosaddegh groups and died following the incident.
# Sky island (disambiguation)

A sky island is a mountain range isolated by valleys in which other ecosystems are located.
Sky island may also refer to:
* Sky Islands (Ramsey Lewis album), 1993
* Sky Islands (Caldera album), 1977
* Sky Island, a 1912 children's fantasy novel by L. Frank Baum
* Sky Island Scenic Byway, Pima County, Arizona, USA; a highway
# Kut (disambiguation)

Kut or KUT may refer to:

## People

* Kut (surname)
* Karel Kuttelwascher (Kut; 1916-1959), Czech RAF fighter pilot

## Places

* Kut, a city in eastern Iraq
** Kut Barrage, a barrage (dam) on the Tigris River
* Kut District, Iraq
* Kut, Armenia, town in Gegharkunik Province
* Kut, Abadan, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
* Kut, Hendijan, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
* Kut, a village in Lukovytsia, Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine

## War

* Siege of Kut, a WWI battle for the Mesopotamian city
* Second Battle of Kut, WWI

## Other uses

* KUT 90.5 FM, a public radio station of the University of Texas at Austin
* KUT (Kenya Uganda Tanganyika), postage stamps and postal history of Kenya, Uganda, Tanganyika during British colonial era
* Kut, ISO 639-2 and 639-3 codes for the Kutenai language, a Native American/First Nations language
* Kut or Gut (ritual), by a Korean shaman
* Hungarian title of 2016 film Well
* Kut (mythology), in Turkic mythology a mystic force
* Kut (spider), a genus of woodlouse hunting spiders
# Syllexis

Syllexis is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# McCoy Lake

McCoy Lake is a lake 3.8 miles from Port Alberni.

## Fishing

There are a variety of fish including bull trout, striped bass and chinook salmon.
* Bull trout
* Striped Bass
* Striped Bass
* Chinook salmon
# Soo-otsa Nature Reserve

Soo-otsa Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Pärnu County, Estonia.
The area of the nature reserve is 737 ha.
The protected area was founded in 2007 to protect valuable habitat types and threatened species in Kikepera village (former Surju Parish).