OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Action Earth

Action Earth is an Australian environmental series that airs on The Weather Channel and FOX8 on the hour, every hour. It is narrated by Olympic medallist Ian Thorpe.
Action Earth was produced as a 20-part series, with each episode 5 minutes long. Each episode focuses on a different environmental aspect, and aims to educate the public on improving our planet.
* This article about a television show originating in Australia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Action Force (disambiguation)

Action Force is a 1980s range of European action figures.
Action Force may also refer to:
* Action Force (video game), a 1987 video game
* Action Force (Teletoon), a programming block on Canadian TV channel Teletoon
* Action Force or Action Force Monthly, UK comic series featuring reprints of G.I. Joe comics
# Achille Philippe Raselimanana

Achille Philippe Raselimanana is a Malagasy herpetologist.

## Life and research

Raselimanana conducted his PhD research at the Université d'Antananarivo on the subject of the systematics and biogeography of Malagasy gerrhosaurs. Before his PhD research began, he was a student of the Ecological Training Program (ETP), founded by Steven M. Goodman in 1993. The ETP would later become the association Vahatra, and Raselimanana its president. As of 2003, he was also the chief biodiversity scientist for WWF Madagascar.
Raselimanana has contributed to research on Malagasy Gerrhosauridae among other reptiles and amphibians, and has served as herpetologist on various faunistic surveys across Madagascar. In addition to the primary literature on Malagasy herpetofauna, Raselimanana has coauthored two French-language field guides to the amphibians of Madagascar.
Raselimanana is a Professor in the Department of Animal Biology at the University of Antananarivo, Madagascar. He serves as associate editor of Vahatra's scientific journal, Malagasy Nature.

## Patronyms

In 2017, the frog species Stumpffia achillei was named in honour of Raselimanana.
# Anelosimus monskenyensis

Anelosimus monskenyensis is a small species of spider in the family Theridiidae. It has only been found on Mount Kenya, the location from which its name originates. Males range in size from 1.80 to 1.90 millimetres (0.071 to 0.075 in), while females range from 1.90 to 2.55 millimetres (0.075 to 0.100 in). Specimens were shades of brown and white, although color variation is not known. They may kleptoparasitically inhabit the webs of agelenid spiders, although this behavior is not found in other Anelosimus species. Agnarsson and Zhang find it more probable that A. monskenyensis is a social or semi-social spider.
# Anelosimus oritoyacu

Anelosimus oritoyacu is a species of tangle-web spider found in Ecuador and Mexico at altitudes from 1,800 to 2,000 metres (5,900 to 6,600 ft). It is subsocial, although it has some features which distinguish it from other social or subsocial spiders in the genus. It has long-lived nest sites, unlike the social spider Anelosimus eximius which has more transitory nest sites, and its webs do not have aerial threads found in other social and sub-social species. It has a female-biased sex ratio, which is indicative of social behavior, although its sex ratio is smaller than other social species. It was first identified as distinct from Anelosimus studiosus in 2006 by Ingi Agnarsson. It is named for Oritoyacu, Ecuador, where the type specimen was collected.

## Description

Specific to specimens from Ecuador, males range in size between 2.80 to 3.05 millimetres (0.110 to 0.120 in), and females between 3.35 to 3.70 millimetres (0.132 to 0.146 in). Specimens collected in Mexico are larger. Prosoma is brown with grey marks, while legs are pale brown, with darker brown at the tips. Males can be distinguished by the size of their embolus fork and embolus division b, while females have an epigynal plate which is high relative to its width.

## Distribution

All specimens collected have come from either Mexico or Ecuador, and the specimens collected in Mexico are uncertain in their assignment to this species. The collections have come from elevations of 1,800 to 2,000 metres (5,900 to 6,600 ft), which are among the highest collections of a social spider in this genus. Elevation appears to play a role in sociality within the Anelosimus genus, so the high elevation has been implicated as potentially explanatory of the unusually low sex ratio and other peculiarities of this species.
# Acuminatella

Acuminatella is a genus of gondolellid conodonts. Fossils have been found in the Pardonet Formation in the Schooler Creek Group in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.
# Acumincum

45°08′42″N 20°15′12″E﻿ / ﻿45.145075°N 20.253253°E﻿ / 45.145075; 20.253253
Acumincum was an ancient Roman settlement, located in the present day town of Stari Slankamen, Serbia.

## History

In the 3rd century BC, the area was inhabited by Celtic Scordisci. In the 1st century BC, the fort was conquered by Romans and the settlement was known as Acumincum (acumen, point). It was in the Roman province of Pannonia as a fort on the Pannonian Limes, and was noted by ancient geographers Ptolemy (who wrote, in Greek, Ἀκούμιγκον) and the Geographer of Ravenna. The name also appears as Acimincum and in the Peutingerian Table, the name is written Acunum.
A Flavian fort was strategically situated for monitoring the lands beyond the Tisza river, the cohors I Britannica equitata and II Adjutrix were based in the town. Jupiter Dolichenus sculptures have been found in the town. Roman fortifications were excavated in the site of Dugorep.
Slavs settled in this area in the 6th century. Old Slavic graves dating from the 6th and 7th century have been found in Slankamen. During the Middle Ages, Slankamen was a fortified city and was first mentioned in 1072 as Castrum Zalankemen. Arsenije I Bogdanović from Srem, the second Serb archbishop (1233–1263) after Saint Sava, was born in the village Dabar near Slankamen. In 1325, according to a letter by pope John XXII to the Roman Catholic archbishop of Kalocsa, a public hospital was built in the village. In the 15th century, the town was a possession of the Serbian despots Stefan Lazarević and Đurađ Branković. From 1451, it was property of Hunyadis and from 1498 of John Corvin. In the 16th century it was a residence of Radoslav Čelnik, a duke of Srem.
Acumincum was declared Archaeological Sites of Great Importance in 1991, and it is protected by Republic of Serbia.
# Youth (horse)

Youth (foaled 1973 in Maryland) was an American-bred French Thoroughbred racehorse.

## Background

Youth was a Brown horse, bred and owned by Texas oilman, Nelson Bunker Hunt. Youth was sired by U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Ack Ack. His dam was Hunt's French-bred mare Gazala II, a daughter of the 1953 Kentucky Derby winner, Dark Star. Gazala II was a brilliant racehorse and champion filly of France winning the French 1,000 Guineas and Prix de Diane in 1967. She was broodmare of the year in 1976 having produced not only Youth but the colt Mississipian who won the Grand Critérium and Gonzales.
Youth was sent to race in Europe where he was trained from a base at Chantilly Racecourse by Maurice Zilber,

## Racing career

Youth's best result in a conditions race at age two was a runner up position in the 1975 Prix Saint-Roman at Longchamp Racecourse in Paris. At age three, Youth developed into a major star on the turf both in France and in North America. In 1976, he won five important races in France including the Prix Lupin and the French Derby. On October 3, he ran third in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe to winner Ivanjica, after which he was shipped to Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Canada, where under Hall of Fame jockey Sandy Hawley he won the October 23 Canadian International Championship Stakes. Youth then was sent to Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland for the November 6 Washington, D.C. International Stakes. Again ridden by Sandy Hawley, the colt defeated Arc winner Ivanjica to take the prestigious event by ten lengths. Youth's performances earned him the Eclipse Award as the American Champion Male Turf Horse of 1976.

## Stud record

Youth was retired to stud duty in 1977 at Gainesway Farm in Lexington, Kentucky where he most notably sired Teenoso, winner of England's Epsom Derby (1983), King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Diamond Stakes (1984), and France's Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud (1984). He also sired the Grade 1 winners Sharaya(1980) and Young Mother(1986) both winners of the Prix Vermeille, Longchamp.
Youth sired the following graded stakes winners.
* Rattling Wind (1978) Premio Mario Incisa (gr.3) Italy
* Buchanette(1979) Prix de Flore (gr.3) France
* Teenoso(1980) Epsom Derby, King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Grand Prix de St Cloud, Ormonde Stakes England & France
* Sharaya(1980) Prix Vermeille, Prix de la Nonette France
* Seismic Wave (1981) Ormonde Stakes England
* Young Mother (1986) Prix Vermeille, Prix de Malleret France
In 1987 Youth was later sold for stud purposes to Brazil Where he sired the Brazilian Derby winner of 1992 Palemon and the graded stakes winner Luzette.
# Youth in arts

Youth in Arts is a non-profit organization that provides visual and performing arts instruction to public and private school students and enriches the community with cultural events. Youth in Arts has been providing arts education to students in the San Francisco Bay Area since 1970. It is based in San Rafael, Ca. The Artists in Schools program brings artists into classrooms to teach visual and performing arts in extended residencies or shorter workshop programs and also provides training for teachers and parents in supporting students' learning and development through the arts.
Youth in Arts also houses the only children's art gallery in the Northern Bay Area. Youth in Arts reaches over 30,000 youth annually. Youth in Arts creates interactive public art works at the Marin County Fair. During July 2013, Youth in Arts worked with over 600 youth and professional artists to create the world's biggest pop up book spanning 48' long and 6' high.
An independent evaluation of the Artists in Schools program, funded by a grant from the California Arts Council, found that three-quarters of the students participating showed a more positive attitude toward learning in an arts-inclusive classroom. Some schools pay Youth in Arts for programming. The agency also fundraises to offset costs and to provide free programs to schools that cannot afford to pay.
In addition to the Artists in Schools program, Youth in Arts Presents offers live performances to thousands of local students through Theater Shows and Assemblies; VSA arts and "Arts Unite Us" provide tailored programs to special needs students and bring together students of differing abilities through the arts and 'Til Dawn is a teen a cappella program for advanced young vocalists.
Youth in Arts founded the Italian Street Painting Festival in downtown San Rafael and ran that event for 17 years, that event is now being continued by a separate organization, Italian Street Painting Marin.
# Yungas manakin

The Yungas manakin (Chiroxiphia boliviana) is a species of bird in the family Pipridae. It closely resembles the blue-backed manakin, but unlike that species it has dull dark red legs and is found in humid highland forests in the Yungas of southeastern Peru and Bolivia.
# Youghal (townland)

Youghal (Irish: Eochaill) is a townland in the Barony of Owney and Arra, County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located in the civil parish of Youghalarra.
# Across the Borders

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Across the Borders, a live album by Battlefield Band, was released in 1997 on the Temple Records label. The total running time is 66:10.

## Track listing

* "Miss Sarah Macmanus/Appropriate Dipstick/Cape Breton Fiddlers' Welcome" – 4:06
* "Tramps and Hawkers" – 6:09
* "Snow on the Hills/Xesus & Felisa" – 4:30
* "The Concert Reel/The Green Mountain", with Eric Rigler – 2:24
* "The Arran Convict", with Seamus Tansey – 4:40
* "My Home Town/Kalabakan", with Eric Rigler – 3:40
* "Tuireadh Iain Ruaidh", with Alison Kinnaird – 4:54
* "The Trimdon Grange Explosion" – 4:09
* "Simon Thoumire's Jig/Shake a Leg/Ríl Gan Ainm" – 4:05
* "Miss Kate Rusby", with Eric Rigler – 4:26
* "The Green and the Blue", with Eric Rigler and Kate Rusby – 5:25
* "The Donnie MacGregor/Clumsy Lover" – 3:05
* "Woe Be Gone/Bubba's Reel/Frank's Reel", with Alison Kinnaird – 6:41
* "Six Days on the Road", with The Radio Sweethearts – 4:15
* "In and Out the Harbour/The Top Tier/Sleepy Maggie/Molly Rankin" – 3:41

## Personnel
### Battlefield Band

* Alan Reid
* Iain MacDonald
* Alistair Russel
* John McCusker

### Guests

* Alison Kinnaird
* Kate Rusby
* Seamus Tansey
* Eric Rigler
* The Radio Sweethearts

## Sources and links

* Across the Borders at AllMusic
# Yubbe

Yubbe (also known as Yobe, Yube, Yubeh and Yubbe Tug) is a town in the Sanaag, Puntland of Somalia . There is a Puntland military base.

## History
### Archaeology

A desert town mostly inhabited by nomads, Yubbe is home to numerous old archaeological structures. While visiting the locality in the 19th century, the British explorer John Hanning Speke described having seen various tumuli. Of these, he reported that one contained "a hollow compartment propped up by beams of timber, at the bottom of which, buried in the ground, were several earthenware pots, some leaden coins, a ring of gold such as the Indian Mussulman women wear in their noses, and various other miscellaneous property."

### Somali Civil War

On June 18, 1991, just after the start of the Somali civil war, an inter-clan meeting was held in Yubbe at the call from Warsangali clan chief Aaqil Bashir to Habar Yoonis clan chief Warsame Hersi (Yubbe 1). At the meeting, a resolution was passed to end hostilities and share grazing land. The October 6–9 rally (Yubbe 2) resulted in a ceasefire and boundary agreement between the Warsangali and Habar Yoonis clans.
In June 1993, a meeting of the Warsangari in Hadaftimo and Habar Yoonis clans was held in Yubbe (Yubbe 3), and it was resolved that the Habar Yoonis clan would hold a meeting in Erigavo to which all clan assemblies of the Sanag, including the rival Habr Je'lo and Dhulbahante clans, would be invited.
In 2006, a severe water shortage hit Sanag, and a well in the village of Yubbe was found to be failing.

### Puntland–Somaliland dispute

In 2007, the conflict between Puntland and Somaliland sharpened when the Somaliland army took advantage of internal conflicts within Puntland to occupy Las Anod (Puntland–Somaliland dispute.)
In October 2015, the chairman of the Somaliland Election Commission in Sanaag region was abducted in Yubbe and taken to Puntland-controlled Badhan.
In March 2019, Somaliland troops blocked traffic between Yubbe and Hadaftimo. Local residents demonstrated against the Somaliland army's advance. The elders of Erigavo met secretly to demand the withdrawal of the Somaliland army from Yubbe.
In August 2019, the Puntland-appointed governor of the Sanaag region announced that "the Somaliland army has withdrawn from the Sanaag region, with the exception of Yubbe, and the militias on the Puntland side have been nationalized."
In November 2019, residents of Yubbe witnessed a group of al-Shabaab members in the neighborhood Ga'an-Marodi.
In February 2020, Somaliland troops from Yubbe fought Puntland troops in Kadhada village, 18 kilometers away. After the battle, Puntland forces claimed victory over Somaliland forces, capturing prisoners and military vehicles.
In March 2021, the Somaliland-appointed governor of the Sanaag region, who lives in Erigavo, called on the residents of Yubbe to cooperate with him, as a planned maternity hospital and other development projects in Yubbe have been suspended.
In January 2023, Somaliland army withdraws from Yubbe.

## Demographics

The town is inhabited by the Mahmoud Harti clans of Nuh Omar(Warsangeli) and Hinjiye(Mahmoud Harti) .
# Ligaria

Ligaria may refer to:
* Ligaria (mantis), a genus of mantises in the family Mantidae
* Ligaria (plant), a genus of plants in the family Loranthaceae
# Phaonia peregrinans

Phaonia peregrinans is a species of fly in the family Muscidae.

## Distribution

United States.
# Sandra Mitchell

Sandra D. Mitchell (born 1951) is an American philosopher of science and historian of ideas. She holds the position of distinguished professor in the department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh, the top rated school in the world for the subject according to the 2011 Philosophical Gourmet Report. Her research focuses on the philosophy of biology and the philosophy of social science, and connections between the two.

## Biography

Sandra D. Mitchell worked at the Ohio State University (1985–1989) and University of California, San Diego (1989–1999), before joining the Department of History and Philosophy of Science in 2000. She has been a fellow at the Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, at the University of Bielefeld (1991–1992), the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies in Cologne (2004–2005), the Institute for Advanced Study, Berlin (1993–1994), and the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (2010).
Mitchell received a B.A. in philosophy from Pitzer College (1973), a M.Sc. in Logic, Philosophy and Scientific Method from the London School of Economics (1975), and a Ph.D. in History and Philosophy of Science from the University of Pittsburgh (1987).
In her more recent articles, she has argued that the search for a unified, reductionist Theory of Everything is futile. Instead, she suggests that the sciences focus on studying the complex correlations between elements and their emergent effects (self-organization) that, as she argues, a strictly reductionist approach is not able to adequately address.
# San Juan River (Tamaulipas)

The San Juan River is the largest and most important river in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. The river feeds the El Cuchillo Dam, which provides the city of Monterrey with water. The San Juan River basin has a total surface area of 33,538 square kilometres (12,949 sq mi). The San Juan River is a tributary to the Rio Grande (Rio Bravo) — which is the fourth largest river basin in North America. It begins in Coahuila, flows through Nuevo León and into Tamaulipas, where it finally joins the Rio Grande near Camargo, Tamaulipas.
# Life in One Chord

Life in One Chord is an EP by New Zealand band Straitjacket Fits, released in 1987. It was the band's debut release. All of the tracks from the EP were included as part of an extended version of their first full album, Hail. The songs are credited to Shayne Carter/Straitjacket Fits except for "Sparkle That Shines" (Andrew Brough/Straitjacket Fits). "Sparkle That Shines" was released as a single in 1989.
The EP spent 10 weeks on the New Zealand charts.

## Production

The EP, produced by Terry Moore, was recorded at The Lab, in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Critical reception

Trouser Press wrote that the EP "occasionally trips over its own ambition but dazzles on the wild 'Dialing a Prayer'." Melody Maker called the EP "one psychotic straitlaced feline mutha of a record." In a retrospective article, the Sunday Star-Times wrote: "Right from the first note of their first EP, Life in One Chord (1987), Shayne Carter made up his own world, a personalised gothic opera, with Carter playing the rebel rock star in the grand, sneering tradition of early Elvis, John Lennon and Sid Vicious."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Shayne Carter/Straitjacket Fits except where noted
# Pharmacy and Therapeutics

Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) is a committee at a hospital or a health insurance plan that decides which drugs will appear on that entity's drug formulary. The committee usually consists of healthcare providers involved in prescribing, dispensing, and administering medications, as well as administrators who evaluate medication use. They must weigh the costs and benefits of each drug and decide which ones provide the most efficacy per dollar. This is one aspect of pharmaceutical policy. P&T committees utilize an evidence-based approach to drive change within health systems/plans by changing existing policies and bringing up-to-date research to support medical decision-making.

## Hospital responsibilities

The role of the Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee has evolved significantly over time, starting as a forum for discussion of drug use in hospitals. The three basic categories of issues that the committee deals with are:
* Cost (reimbursements)
* Quality
* Access to care

### Cost

Given the increasing numbers of specialty medications, P&T committees are expected to make decisions on whether these medications, which may not be covered, should be utilized in the clinical setting. Data on comparative effectiveness from head to head clinical trials are critical to making informed decisions for the health system.

### Quality

The P&T committee is in charge of deciphering clinical trials and generating drug monographs to ensure that the selected medications are utilized effectively. When considering novel therapies, the committee uses drugs currently on formulary that treat the same disease state to determine the efficacy of the new therapy. The committee is also involved in addressing and reviewing severity of adverse events with associated agents.

## Members of the P&T committee

The Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee is multidisciplinary and composed of healthcare providers who are involved in the use of medications, and they are responsible for determining the drug formulary of their institution. The committee may include physicians and midlevel providers from a variety of specialties, as well as administrators and quality assurance staff. Members are expected to be capable of conducting study design, evaluating scientific articles, and providing professional insight to support the decision making process. The P&T committee typically meets regularly - for instance, quarterly - to discuss new formulary changes.

## Formulary restrictions

When new drugs come to market, the Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee evaluates the drug's clinical and economic benefits and drawbacks to determine whether the drug will be added to the organization's formulary. Most generic drugs are available on formularies, except in cases where a certain drug class is no longer considered safe and efficacious. Medications under formulary restrictions may be used only by specific physicians, patient care areas, or disease states.
# Phania thoracica

Phania thoracica is a European species of fly in the family Tachinidae. It is the type species of the genus Phania.

## Distribution

British Isles, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Spain, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Switzerland, Russia, Transcaucasia.
# Phanias albeolus

Phanias albeolus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States.