OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yamato 000593

Yamato 000593 (or Y000593) is the second largest meteorite from Mars found on Earth. Studies suggest the Martian meteorite was formed about 1.3 billion years ago from a lava flow on Mars. An impact occurred on Mars about 11 million years ago and ejected the meteorite from the Martian surface into space. The meteorite landed on Earth in Antarctica about 50,000 years ago. The mass of the meteorite is 13.7 kg (30 lb) and has been found to contain evidence of past water alteration.
At a microscopic level, spheres are found in the meteorite rich in carbon compared to surrounding areas lacking such spheres. The carbon-rich spheres and the observed micro-tunnels may have been formed by biotic activity, according to NASA scientists.

## Discovery and naming

The 41st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE) found the meteorite in late December 2000 on the Yamato Glacier in the Queen Fabiola Mountains, Antarctica.

## Description

The mass of the meteorite is 13.7 kg (30 lb). It is an unbrecciated cumulus igneous rock consisting predominantly of elongated augite crystals—a solid solution in the pyroxene group. Japanese scientists from the National Institute of Polar Research reported in 2003 that the meteorite contains iddingsite, which forms from the weathering of basalt in the presence of liquid water. In addition, NASA researchers reported in February 2014 that they also found carbon-rich spheres encased in multiple layers of iddingsite, as well as microtubular features emanating from iddingsite veins displaying curved, undulating shapes consistent with bio-alteration textures that have been observed in terrestrial basaltic glass. However, the scientific consensus is that "morphology alone cannot be used unambiguously as a tool for primitive life detection." Interpretation of morphology is notoriously subjective, and its use alone has led to numerous errors of interpretation. According to the NASA team, the presence of carbon and lack of corresponding cations is consistent with the occurrence of organic matter embedded in iddingsite. The NASA researchers indicated that mass spectrometry may provide deeper insight into the nature of the carbon, and could distinguish between abiotic and biologic carbon incorporation and alteration.

## Classification

The Martian meteorite is an igneous rock classified as an achondrite type of the nakhlite group.
# Amarat

Amarat may refer to:
* Al Amarat, Oman
* Emarat, Iran (disambiguation)
* Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan
# Karo aviacijos tiekimo skyrius

Karo Aviacijos Tiekimo Skyrius was the Army Aviation Workshops of Lithuania, established at Kaunas. The facility was considerably modernized under the leadership of Antanas Gustaitis, who also designed a variety of aircraft to be built there in small series in the 1920s and 1930s under the designation ANBO.

## Aircraft

* ANBO I
* ANBO II
* ANBO III
* ANBO IV
* ANBO V
* ANBO VI
* ANBO VIII

## Sources

* Gunston, Bill (1993). World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. p. 166.
# L'Ours et la Lune

L'Ours et la Lune (English: The Bear and the Moon) is a play by Paul Claudel, written in April 1917.
# Rødbyhavn

Rødbyhavn (Danish pronunciation:) is a small town and harbour on the south coast of Lolland, Denmark, with a population of 1,516 (1 January 2024). Since 2007 it has been a part of Lolland Municipality.
Rødbyhavn ("Rødby Harbour") is located approximately five kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the town of Rødby. It is a harbour on the northern shore of the Fehmarn Belt. A ferry service connects Rødbyhavn with Puttgarden on the island of Fehmarn. Thus one can drive or take the train from Copenhagen over the Fehmarn Belt, and on to Lübeck and Hamburg by European route E47, which in Germany is known as autobahn A1 or Vogelfluglinie.
The original Lalandia holiday resort is located just west of Rødbyhavn on the shore of Fehmarn Belt.

## History

Until work began on constructing a harbour in 1908, this part of the dyke featured only a few small farmsteads. The dyke had been constructed in 1872 following storm floods, and on its outer side, at Syltholm, a harbour for fishing and commerce was opened in 1912. With the emergence of a new settlement to support the activities of the harbour, the name of Syltholm was changed to "Rødbyhavn". 1916 saw the construction of a first shipyard, but by the 1920s, the shipbuilding business at Rødbyhavn ran into bankruptcy, and activity in the harbour stagnated. In 1920, the harbour installations were expanded on the landward side.
In 1941, work began to prepare for the expansion of the harbour in order to support a ferry connection between Rødbyhavn and Puttgarden. The work came to a halt during the immediate post-war years, but was resumed in 1958. Finally, on 14 May 1963, the "Vogelfluglinie" ferry connection was inaugurated. The resulting transport boom created jobs and drew in immigrants, and the population of Rødbyhavn more than doubled.

## Economy

Codan Medical Aps has a factory on Færgevej 4. It produces medical articles made of plastic, such as catheters, and once had half the world market in those products. Codan is headquartered in Nysted in neighboring Guldborgsund Municipality.
# Yamasa

Yamasa Corporation (ヤマサ醤油株式会社 Yamasa Shōyu Kabushikigaisha) is a Japanese corporation founded in 1645 whose primary field of business is the manufacturing of soy sauce and various seasonings. It was incorporated in November 1928. With its head office located in Choshi, Chiba, it runs two factories in Chiba (located in Choshi and Narita), and a third located in Salem, Oregon, United States, where subsidiary Yamasa Corporation USA is headed.
The corporate logo, a ∧ with a サ under it, is a notable example of a Japanese rebus monogram. This is read as Yama, for yama (山, mountain) (symbolized by the ∧) + sa (サ, katakana character for sa).
# Koulalé

Koulalé is a village in the far west of Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Sipilou, Biankouma Department, Tonkpi Region, Montagnes District. The village is three kilometres east of the border with Guinea, but the nearest official border crossing is seven kilometres to the southwest, near Sipilou.
Koulalé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
# Kozia Wola, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Kozia Wola is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stąporków, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Stąporków, 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Końskie, and 33 km (21 mi) north of the regional capital Kielce.
# Yasuhiro Shigeoka

Admiral Yasuhiro Shigeoka (重岡康弘, Yasuhiro Shigeoka, born 13 November 1958) is a Japanese naval officer who served as the Self Defense Fleet's Commander of the Japanese Maritime Self Defence Force (JMSDF) from 2015 to 2016. He is the 48th Commander of the Self-Defense Fleet, succeeding Eiichi Funada. In 2016, he was succeeded by Manki Yamashita.

## Career

Born in Yamaguchi prefecture. In March 1981, he graduated from the 25th term (civil engineering) of the National Defense Academy, joined the Maritime Self-Defense Force.
In July 1995, he was promoted to 2nd class Kaisa.
In January 2000, he was promoted to 1st class Kaisa.
On 20 September 2001, Chief of Business Planning Group, Defense Division, Defense Department, Maritime Staff Office.
One 20 August 2003, Commander of the 6th Air Group.
On 28 July 2005, Chief of Personnel Planning Division, Personnel Education Department, Maritime Staff Office.
On 4 August 2006, he was promoted to Rear Admiral, Commander of the 2nd Fleet Air Group.
On 1 August 2008, General Manager, General Affairs Department, Maritime Staff Office.
On 7 December 2009, Inspector General of Defense Inspection Headquarters.
On 5 August 2011, Chief of Staff, Sasebo District General Manager.
On 4 December 2012, he was promoted to Fleet Air Wing, Commander of the Fleet Air Force.
On 28 March 2014, Deputy Chief of the Maritime Staff Office.
On 4 August 2015, he was appointed 48h Commander of the Self-Defense Fleet.
On 22 December 2016, he was retired from the Navy. After retiring, he became an advisor to Gibraltar Life Insurance Co., Ltd.

## Awards

2nd Defensive Memorial Cordon
3rd Defensive Memorial Cordon
10th Defensive Memorial Cordon
11th Defensive Memorial Cordon
18th Defensive Memorial Cordon
19th Defensive Memorial Cordon
20th Defensive Memorial Cordon
21st Defensive Memorial Cordon
26th Defensive Memorial Cordon
27th Defensive Memorial Cordon
31st Defensive Memorial Cordon
32nd Defensive Memorial Cordon
33rd Defensive Memorial Cordon
40th Defensive Memorial Cordon
# Yasuhiro Okubo

Yasuhiro Okubo (大久保 康裕, Ōkubo Yasuhiro, born 14 March 1961) is a Japanese wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 68 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Kowalik (surname)

Kowalik is a Polish surname. The word has two literal meanings: a bird of nuthatch genus or a diminutive of Kowal, meaning "smith". Notable people with the surname include:
* Fabian Kowalik (1908–1954), a professional baseball pitcher
* Janusz Kowalik (born 1944), a Polish football player
* Jerzy Kowalik (born 1961), Polish football player and manager
* Jiří Kowalík (born 1977), a Czech footballer
* John Kowalik (1910–1978), an American football player
* Małgorzata Hołub-Kowalik (born 1992), Polish athlete
* Marlena Kowalik (born 1984), a Polish-German football midfielder
* Mirosław Kowalik (born 1969), a Polish motorcycle speedway rider
* Trent Kowalik (born 1995), an American actor, dancer, and singer
# Kowon County

Kowŏn County is a county in South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea. It lies at the southern tip of the province.

## Physical features

The highest point is Palbongsan. The western reaches of the county are high and mountainous, while the east is a low-lying plain. Major rivers and streams include the Chŏnt'an River (전탄강), Tŏkchi River (덕지강), Sabakch'ŏn (사박천), and the Kuryongch'ŏn (구룡천). 54% of the county's area is forested. The climate is generally continental, but is moderated by foehn winds blowing from the mountains. This makes it one of the warmer parts of the province.

## Administrative divisions

Kowŏn county is divided into 1 ŭp (town), 1 rodongjagu (workers' district) and 18 ri (villages):
| Kowŏn-ŭp Puraesal-lodongjagu Chŏnt'al-li Chungp'yŏng-ri Hapy'ŏng-ri Hwangsong-ri Kakch'ŏl-li Kunnae-ri Midul-li Namhŭng-ri | P'ungnam-ri Rach'ŏl-li Sangp'yŏng-ri Sangsal-li Sinch'ang-ri Songch'ŏl-li Songhŭng-ri Tŏkchi-ri Unha-ri Wŏnbong-ri |

## Economy
### Agriculture

Agriculture is the predominant local industry. Orcharding and livestock raising are also carried out, as is sericulture (silk farming).

### Mining and manufacturing

There are deposits of limestone in the county, and mining and construction-materials manufacturing also contribute to the local economy.

## Transport

Kowŏn is connected to the rest of North Korea by rail and road. The P'yŏngra and Kangwŏn lines of the Korean State Railway run through the county.
# Kowri

Kowri is a village in Badakhshan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan.
# Anders Grönros

Erik Anders Sixten Grönros (born 19 October 1953), is a Swedish film director. He was awarded the Guldbagge Award for Best Director at the 27th Guldbagge Awards, for the film Agnes Cecilia – en sällsam historia. In 2007, his documentary Ambres – en död talar, which dealt with the medium Sture Johansson, and the spirit called Ambres, was broadcast on SVT2. The medium are claiming that it speaks through him.

## Filmography

* 1979 – Den åttonde dagen (director, writer)
* 1991 – Agnes Cecilia – en sällsam historia (director, writer)
* 1998 – Glasblåsarns barn (director, writer)
* 2007 – Ambres – en död talar (director, writer)
* 2011 – Jag saknar dig (director, writer)

## Radio

In 2005, Anders Grönros dramatised and directed a radio play version of Agnes Cecilia.
# Ybarra v. Spangard

Ybarra v. Spangard was a leading case in California discussing the exclusive control element of res ipsa loquitur. "Where a plaintiff receives unusual injuries while unconscious and in the course of medical treatment, all those defendants who had any control over his body or the instrumentalities which might have caused the injuries may properly be called upon to meet the inference of negligence by giving an explanation of their conduct."
The contrary position would bar the application of res ipsa loquitur when there is no showing that the cause of the injury was the act of any particular defendant or instrumentality.

## Facts

Joseph Ybarra consulted defendant Dr. Tilley, who diagnosed appendicitis and made preparations for surgery. Ybarra entered the hospital, was given a hypodermic injection, slept, and was awakened. He was wheeled into the operating room, where his body was pulled to the head of the table. His back was laid against two hard objects at the top of his shoulders, about an inch from his neck. Prior to the operation, he had never had any pain in his arm or shoulder, but afterward, he felt a sharp pain in his neck near the shoulder and was unable to rotate or lift his arm.

## Legal issue

When a plaintiff receives unusual injuries and is unconscious during medical treatment, can res ipsa loquitur establish the negligence of all the defendants who had control over his body and might have caused his injuries?

## Holding

Yes, res ipsa loquitur can prove that the instrument causing the injury was under the exclusive control of the defendant, and the injury does not ordinarily happen unless there was negligence. All persons and instrumentalities exercising control over a person are liable for any unnecessary harm that results.
Every defendant who had control over the plaintiff's body, for any period, was bound to exercise ordinary care to see that no unnecessary harm came to him, and all would be liable for failure. The injury was distinctly a part of his body not subject for treatment or even within the area covered by the operation. Unless the doctors and nurses in attendance voluntarily chose to disclose the identity of the negligent person, liability would be impossible to determine and absolute liability would be the result, irrespective of negligence.
# Yang Wei-ting

Yang Wei-ting (born 22 September 1994) is a Taiwanese athlete competing in the sprint hurdles. He represented his country at three outdoor and two indoor Asian Championships.
His personal bests are 13.57 seconds in the 110 metres hurdles (+0.5 m/s, Taipei 2017) and 7.87 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Doha 2016).

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Chinese Taipei ||||||
| 2013 | Asian Championships | Pune, India | 16th (h) | 110 m hurdles | 14.89 |
| 2014 | Asian Indoor Championships | Hangzhou, China | 10th (h) | 60 m hurdles | 8.30 |
| 2015 | Asian Championships | Wuhan, China | 6th | 110 m hurdles | 13.87 |
| 2016 | Asian Indoor Championships | Doha, Qatar | 5th | 60 m hurdles | 7.87 |
| 2017 | Asian Championships | Bhubaneswar, India | 7th | 110 m hurdles | 13.83 |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | 10th (h) | 110 m hurdles | 14.06 |
| 2018 | Asian Games | Jakarta, Indonesia | 8th | 110 m hurdles | 13.75 |
| 2019 | Asian Championships | Doha, Qatar | 7th (h) | 110 m hurdles | 13.75 |
| 2019 | Universiade | Naples, Italy | 6th | 110 m hurdles | 13.69 |
# Yang Weidong

Yang Weidong (Chinese: 杨伟东; born 1974) is a Chinese entrepreneur who served as CEO of Youku Tudou from 2016 to 2018 and CEO of AliMusic from May 2018 to December 2018.

## Biography

Born in 1974, Yang graduated from Hohai University. He joined Nokia Corporation in 2009, and several years later promoted to the Marketing Director position. On June 1, 2012 he joined the MaxTimes and worked there until 28 February 2013. In March 2013, he was recruited by Gu Yongqiang as vice-president and then president of Tudou, where he was promoted to CEO of Youku Tudou in November 2015. In October 2016, Alibaba Cultural Entertainment Group was set up, Yang was appointed CEO of Great Youku Business Group. In May 2018, he concurrently served as CEO of AliMusic. On December 4, 2018, he is being investigated by the police because of economic problems. He was replaced by Fan Luyuan (Chinese: 樊路远).
# Kragerø (town)

Kragerø is a town that is the administrative centre of Kragerø Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The town is located on the shore of the Kilsfjord, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the southeast of the villages of Vadfoss and Helle. Kragerø Church is located in the town centre.
The 3.32-square-kilometre (820-acre) town has a population (2022) of 5,366 and a population density of 1,617 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,190/sq mi).

## History

Kragerø is located at the end of a peninsula between the Kilsfjorden and Hellefjorden. The peninsula to the south, the island of Skåtøy, and several other large islands provide for a sheltered harbor for the town. By the 1500, this area began to grow up as an important harbour for shipping timber from the vast forests of Telemark. In 1666, the village was established as a kjøpstad, giving it "town" rights. The town's business life was characterized by timber exports, shipping, and shipbuilding from then until the end of the First World War. Kragerø was one of Norway's largest shipping towns in the latter half of the 19th century. In addition to timber, later came shipping of wood pulp and products from quarries in the upland.

### 1694 murder

On 17 August 1694, Christian Hansen Ernst was killed at the present-day Knivstikkersmauet ("knife stabber alley"). He was an employee of the postal service, and a former servant of Ulrik Fredrik Gyldenløve. He was one of few Africans of the time living in Norway, whose identity is known.
# Yasmine Ryan

Yasmine Ryan (ca. 1983 – 30 November 2017) was a print, television and multimedia journalist from New Zealand. She was involved in covering the Arab Spring for Al Jazeera English. Ryan also created documentaries.

## Biography

Yasmine Ryan was educated at the University of Auckland (BA (Honours) in Political Science and French) and Sciences Po Aix (Master's degree in journalism). She worked for Scoop, Al Jazeera English (September 2010 – October 2013) in Doha, The Independent (2015), and as a contributing freelancer for TRT World. She also wrote for the Washington Post, The New York Times, Foreign Policy, and the Los Angeles Times. She also made documentaries for AJ+.
In 2016, she served as a Fellow at the World Press Institute. Ryan died "in conflicted circumstances", in Istanbul, Turkey, on 30 November 2017, at the age of 34.

## Awards and honours

* 2010, International Award for Excellence in Journalism
* 2011, Al Jazeera English team member, winner, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism's Alfred I duPont award
* 2011, Online News Association's Online Journalism Award in the category Breaking News, and General Excellence in Online Journalism
# Kothagudem Airport

Kothagudem Airport is a proposed greenfield airport at Kothagudem in Bhadradri Kothagudem District of Telangana, India. The Government of Telangana has identified 1,600 acres of land at Punukuduchelka village in Kothagudem mandal for the purpose.
The steering committee on greenfield airports has given site clearance for the proposed aerodrome, which will be the second greenfield airport in the state after Hyderabad Airport.

## History

In 2008, the government of Andhra Pradesh invited for expressions of interest to develop eight minor airports in the state, including an airport at Kurnool. Each airport was expected to cost ₹50 crore (equivalent to ₹139 crore or US$17 million in 2023). The airports were to be built in 500–600 acres (2.0–2.4 km$^2$) with a runway length of 6,000 feet (1,800 m). However, AAI has rejected this proposal citing insufficient land available for the construction of the airport.
# Yellow longbill

The yellow longbill (Macrosphenus flavicans) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Macrosphenidae. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

## Description

The yellow longbill, on average, measures 13 cm from bill to tail and weighs 11-16g. It is medium in size. It has a short tail and a black long straight bill with a small hook at the tip. It has a yellow iris and greenish-yellow underparts. It is dark olive-gray at the top of its head. Its feathers transition to dark olive-green on the upperparts and upper wing and become yellow-tinged on long loose feathers on the back and rump. Sexes are alike in plumage, male being larger than female. The yellow longbill has a span of life of 3.6 years. The current population trend of the yellow longbill is stable. The number of mature individuals is unknown, as is the continuing decline of mature individuals.

## Distribution and habitat

The yellow longbill's habitat is in the forest, more specifically the subtropical and tropical moist lowland. Lowland habitats are of the lower and middle levels, including the primary and secondary forest. These forest habitat lowlands involve edges, clearings and logged areas. Lowlands range to levels of 1000-1400m in Uganda and to 1800m in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. The geographic range for the yellow longbill includes Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, South Sudan, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania, and Uganda. Specific distributions for subspecies have been identified. The Macrosphenus flavicans flavicans subspecies is distributed throughout extreme southeast Nigeria, Bioko, and southwest and south Cameroon south to lower River Congo and northwest Angola. The Macrosphenus flavicans hypochondriacus subspecies is distributed throughout southeast Central African Republic, southwest South Sudan (Bengangai Forest), north, central, and east Democratic Republic of the Congo, west and south Uganda and northwest Tanzania (Minziro Forest).

## Diet

The diet of a yellow longbill consists of spiders and insects, such as moths, caterpillars, and beetles. Their diet also includes some fruit, making them omnivorous. Yellow longbills forage in pairs or in family groups. Forage groups are sometimes mixed in species. They forage among thick and tangled undergrowth. They also forage in lower canopy areas, especially during the dry season.

## Conservation

The conservation status of the yellow longbill is classified as of least concern. This classification was assessed on October 1, 2016. They are not globally threatened. They are common in many areas of their range. Two discrete populations of the yellow longbill exist in forests of West and Central Africa. There are few conservation actions in place for the yellow longbill. There are no in-place research and monitoring actions. There are land and water identified conservation sites in place. There are no species management or education conservation actions in place.
# Acmaeodera marginenotata

Acmaeodera marginenotata is a species of metallic wood-boring beetle in the family Buprestidae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea and North America.
# Joe Fox (politician)

Christopher Joseph Fox (4 April 1931 – 1 October 1981) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. A farmer and auctioneer, Fox was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin County North constituency at the 1977 general election but lost his seat at the 1981 general election. He was an unsuccessful candidate at the 1979 European Parliament election in the Dublin constituency. He was also a member of Dublin County Council.