OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Johannes Emil Gnudtzmann

Johannes Emil Gnudtzmann (17 November 1837 – 14 April 1922) was a Danish architect working in the Historicist style. His most notable works are St. Paul's Church and the extension of the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University's main building, both in Copenhagen. He was the father of Kaj Gnudtzmann.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Gnudtzmann was born on 17 November 1837 in Copenhagen. He studied architecture at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1859 to 1866 and at the College of Advanced Technology from 1862 to 1865, graduating from both institutions. At the Technical College, where he remained the only student ever to take the exam as an architect, he studied under Johan Daniel Herholdt and after his graduation became his assistant, working mainly on the Danish National Bank at Holmens Kanal. He also worked for Christian Hansen who had returned to Denmark in 1851 after many years in Athens. In 1871 he won a scholarship from the Academy and travelled to Germany, Austria and Italy where he was particularly struck by North Italian brick architecture.

### Career

Gnudtzmann's first independent work was St. Paul's Church at Nyboder in Copenhagen. He only won the second prize in a competition in 1869 but in the end his project was selected and built from 1872 to 1877. His later works mainly included churches, schools and residential buildings.
From 1892 to 1895, he carried out extensions of the Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University's main building, which had originally been designed by Michael Gottlieb Bindesbøll.
In parallel to his practical work, Gnudtzmann worked at the Technical College from 1876 to 1909, first as Herholdt's assistant and later as his successor, and then became a titular professor at the Academy. He also sat on a number of public boards and committees.

## Selected works

* St. Paul's Church, Copenhagen (1872–77)
* Church of Our Lady, Aalborg (1877–78)
* 3 Colbjørnsensgade (residential building), Copenhagen (1880)
* Øster Hassin Church, Aalborg (1880)
* 3 Absalonsgade (residential building), Copenhagen (1880)
* Various buildings, Helsingør Shipyard, Helsingør (1880s)
* Warehouse, Fredericiagade, Copenhagen (1882)
* 38 Vesterbrogade, Copenhagen (1882)
* Hotel Korsør, Korsør (1882)
* Marie Kruses School, 16 Frederiksberg Allé, Frederiksberg (1886)
* Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (extension and adaption), Frederiksberg, Copenhagen (1892–95)
* Vejle Latin School, Vejle (1893–94)
* Helsingør Latin School, Helsingør (1897)
* Various buildings, Øresunds Hospital, Helsingør (1900)
* Technical School, Helsingør (1901)
* College of Advanced Technology, Øster Farimagsgade, København (1904–06)
* Eoedemy Building, Øresunds Hospital, Helsingør (1906)
* Helsingør Tinghus, Slagtetorvet (1907)
# Franklin for Short

Franklin for Short is an indie band from Ventura, California that touts a folky-beach sound. Current members include Seth Pettersen, Trevor Beld-Jimenez, Bryan Russell, Brian Granillo, and Matt Barks. They have been supporting acts for artists such as Kings of Convenience, The Mother Hips, and Sherwood. Franklin for Short has released seven albums in their six-year existence and are currently signed to Beehouse Records. Trevor Beld-Jimenez is also the singer and songwriter of Tall Tales and the Silver Lining. Seth Pettersen also has a musical side project known as Seth Pettersen and The Undertow. Franklin for Short has been on hiatus since 2010.

## History

Franklin for Short was started by Seth Pettersen and Trevor Beld, who had been playing music together since the 1990s. Pettersen wrote a demo of 12 songs, which featured Beld on bass. The band emerged from the coffee shop scene, eventually forming into a quintet.

## Discography

* Wildcat (2002)
* Lovesick Mistress (2004)
* In the Dark (2004)
* The Gift Curse (2005)
* Swell (2008)
* Dark Cloud (2010)

## Members

* Seth Pettersen - vocals, guitar
* Trevor Beld-Jimenez - bass, vocals
* Bryan Russell - guitar
* Brian Granillo - drums
* Matt Barks - keys

## Past members

* Hot Carl- guitar, noise, sonic youth sounds
* Victor Fuentes (Daisy Fuentes Cousin) Drums, punk rock from the 805
# Franz Dischinger

Franz Dischinger (8 October 1887 - 9 January 1953) was a pioneering German civil and structural engineer, responsible for the development of the modern cable-stayed bridge. He was also a pioneer of the use of prestressed concrete, patenting the technique of external prestressing (where the prestressing bars or tendons are not encased in the concrete) in 1934.
After completing Gymnasium in Karlsruhe, Germany, Dischinger went to the Technische Hoschschule Karlsruhe (now Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) where he studied and received a degree in building engineering. After getting his degree in 1913, he then started working for Dyckerhoff & Widmann A.G., an engineering firm in Germany. In 1928 Dischinger went back to school to receive his doctorate at the Technische Hoschschule Dresden (now TU Dresden), Germany.
In 1922, he designed the Zeiss Planetarium in Jena with Walther Bauersfeld, using a thin-shell concrete roof in the shape of a hemisphere. Their system was subsequently patented, and Dischinger published a paper on the relevant mathematics in 1928.
Since the previous stay and cable bridges in Dischinger's opinion were both flawed technically and disturbing looking, he decided to publish his own cable stayed bridge. This design has been used ever since, more than 100 of these cable stayed bridges have been built.
For the 1938 design of a rail suspension bridge (not built), he had studied historical bridges incorporating inclined stay elements, such as those by Ferdinand Arnodin and John Roebling. He went on to design the 183 m span Strömsund Bridge in Sweden, completed in 1955 and generally considered the first of the modern tradition of cable-stayed bridges, although there had been many isolated examples of the bridge form before then. This employed a steel deck and cables, with large spacings between the stays typical of the early designs. It appears in Strömsund's coat of arms.
Other key works include:
* Großmarkthalle, Basel, Switzerland, 1929 (dome roof)
* Market Hall, Leipzig, Germany, 1930 (polygonal dome roofs)
* Koblenz bridge, Germany, 1935 (three arch concrete bridge)
* Aue bridge, Germany, 1936
* Cologne Rodenkirchen Bridge, Cologne, Germany, 1954 (with others, including Fritz Leonhardt)
# John Ainsworth (MP for Worcester)

John Ainsworth (by 1523 – 1558 or 1559), of Pershore and Worcester, was an English politician.

## Biography

Educated in Cambridge by 1522, obtained BA degree in 1526/1527. He held the offices of Member of the Twenty-Four, Worcester in 1544, auditor in 1547–1548, 1553–1554, chamberlain 1548–1549. Ainsworth may have promoted the Act setting aside a seven-year apprenticeship for clothiers in Worcester and other towns.
Ainsworth was a Member of Parliament for Worcester in April 1554.
# Johan Cruyff Stadium

* This article is part of a series about Johan Cruyff
Netherlands professional footballer
Cruyff turn
Total Football
Cruijffiaans
Eponyms and public art
Cruyff Court
Johan Cruyff Arena
Johan Cruyff Foundation
Johan Cruyff Institute
Johan Cruyff Shield
Johan Cruyff Stadium
Johan Cruyff Trophy
14282 Cruijff
Related
Jordi Cruyff
History of AFC Ajax
History of FC Barcelona
History of the Netherlands national football team
Football in the Netherlands :
Wikiquote :
vte :
Johan Cruyff Stadium (Catalan: Estadi Johan Cruyff; Spanish: Estadio Johan Cruyff) is a football stadium operated by Barcelona in Sant Joan Despí, Province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, located in the Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper, the club's training facility and youth academy, about 7 km from the Camp Nou. The stadium is home to Barcelona Femení, Barcelona B and Juvenil A (U19 A team). It is named in honor of legendary Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff who died in March 2016.
It is a UEFA Category 3 stadium and houses 6,000 supporters. As part of the Espai Barça project, it is the replacement for the Mini Estadi, which was in front of the Camp Nou and was demolished in 2020, and the land of the Mini Estadi will be used to build the Nou Palau Blaugrana.

## History

Estadi Johan Cruyff broke ground on 14 September 2017 and was completed in Summer 2019. It was opened on 27 August 2019 with a friendly match between the under-19 teams of Barcelona and Ajax. The match ended up in a 0–2 score where Ajax was the winner. On 26 August 2019, a day before the stadium was officially opened to the public, Barcelona paid tribute to Cruyff by unveiling his statue at the Camp Nou.
# John Astor

John Astor may refer to:
* John Jacob Astor (1763–1848), German-born American businessman
* John Jacob Astor III (1822–1890), grandson of the above, American financier and philanthropist
* John Jacob Astor IV (1864–1912), nephew of the above, American businessman who died on the Titanic
* John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever (John Jacob Astor V, 1886–1971), grandson of the financier, American-born English newspaper proprietor and politician
* John Jacob Astor VI (1912–1992), son of the Titanic victim, American socialite and shipping businessman
* John Astor (1923–1987), son of the 1st Baron, English politician
* Jakie Astor (Sir John Jacob Astor VII, 1918–2000), nephew of the 1st Baron, English politician and sportsman
* John Astor, 3rd Baron Astor of Hever (John Jacob Astor VIII, born 1946), grandson of the 1st Baron, English businessman and politician
# Fraxinus baroniana

Fraxinus baroniana is a species of ash tree native to China, where it is found in Gansu, Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces.
# Johann Lukas Schönlein

Johann Lukas Schönlein (30 November 1793 – 23 January 1864) was a German naturalist, and professor of medicine, born in Bamberg. He studied medicine at Landshut, Jena, Göttingen, and Würzburg. After teaching at Würzburg and Zurich, he was called to Berlin in 1839, where he taught therapeutics and pathology. He served as physician to Frederick William IV.

## Work

He was one of the first German medical professors to lecture in the vernacular tongue instead of Latin. Schönlein described purpura rheumatica (Schönlein's disease) an allergic non-thrombopenic purpura rash that became known as Henoch–Schönlein purpura, though now known as IgA vasculitis. He also discovered the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Trichophyton schönleinii).
J. L. Schönlein first published the name "tuberculosis" (German: Tuberkulose) in 1832. Prior to Schönlein's designation, tuberculosis had been called "consumption".

## Taxon named in his honor

* The blackspot tuskfish (Choerodon schoenleinii) is a wrasse native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from Mauritius to Indonesia and Australia north to the Ryukyus.
# Fred Mavin

Frederick J. Mavin (listed in some sources as Fred Maven, 1884–1957) was an English professional footballer and manager. He began his career at Newcastle United, but did not make a first team appearance. In 1905 he signed for New Brompton. He subsequently played for Fulham, Bradford Park Avenue and Reading between 1909 and 1921, and managed Exeter City from 1923 to 1927, Crystal Palace from 1927 to 1930 and Gillingham from 1932 to 1937.
# Johannes Gezelius

Johannes Gezelius is the name shared by three Finnish bishops:
* Johannes Gezelius the elder (1615–1690), bishop of Turku 1664–1690
* Johannes Gezelius the younger (1647–1718), bishop of Turku 1690–1718
* Johannes Gezelius the youngest (1686–1733), Bishop of Porvoo 1721–1733
# John Burgess (cricketer, born 1880)

John Burgess (22 November 1880 – 2 November 1953) was an English cricketer. Burgess was a right-handed batsman who played as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Carlton Curlieu, Leicestershire.
Burgess made his first-class debut for Leicestershire against Worcestershire at Aylestone Road, Leicester in the 1902 County Championship, with him making five further appearances in that season. His next appearance for the county in first-class cricket came in 1908, with two appearances that season, before making a single appearance in the 1911 County Championship and two appearances in the 1913 County Championship, the second of which saw Kent play Leicestershire at the St Lawrence Ground, Canterbury. In his twelve first-class matches for Leicestershire, he scored a total of 230 runs at an average of 12.77, with a high score of 39. Behind the stumps he took seven catches and made two stumpings.
He died at East Carlton, Northamptonshire on 2 November 1953. His brother Henry Burgess and nephew Robert Fetherstonhaugh both played first-class cricket.
# John Burgh

John Burgh may refer to:
* John Burgh I (fl. 1399), MP for Bodmin in 1399
* John Burgh II (died 1434), MP for Surrey 1413–1416
* John Burgh III (died 1436), MP for Rutland 1413–1415 and Leicestershire 1421 and 1433
* John Burgh (MP for Brackley), see Brackley (UK Parliament constituency)
* John Burgh (MP for Wallingford), see Wallingford (UK Parliament constituency)
* Sir John Burgh (officer) (1562–1594), English military and naval commander
* Sir John Burgh (civil servant) (1925–2013), British civil servant and president of Trinity College, Oxford
# Franz Klein (politician)

Franz Klein (24 April 1854 – 6 April 1926) was an Austrian jurist and politician, who served as Minister of Justice towards the end of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Born in Vienna, Klein studied and later taught law there, achieving habilitation in the law of civil procedure and Roman law in 1891. His essay Pro Futuro, in which he called for civil procedure reform, led to his appointment as an official with the Ministry of Justice, where he drafted the Austrian code of civil procedure, among several other laws. He helped strengthen the investigative authority and responsibility of the judge to the benefit of the weaker party, moving civil procedure towards a more inquisitorial system.
In 1905, Klein was appointed to the House of Lords. He served as Minister of Justice between 1906 and 1908, and again from November to December in 1916. He was a member of the Austrian observer delegation to the negotiations about the 1919 treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. After the fall of the monarchy, he failed to gain reelection to Parliament.
# Franz Klein (sculptor)

Franz Klein (1779–1840) was an Austrian sculptor; he was born and died in Vienna. He is known particularly for his bust of Ludwig van Beethoven, made in 1812.

## The life mask

Johann Andreas Streicher, pianist and piano-maker, and friend of Beethoven, supervised a private concert hall in Vienna, and in 1812 statues of musicians, sculptured by Klein, were placed in the hall. For the statue of Beethoven, Streicher commissioned Klein to make a life mask of Beethoven.
Creating the mask involved spreading fluid plaster on the face; the first attempt failed, as Beethoven thought he might suffocate. The second attempt was successful. H. C. Robbins Landon has written that this life mask is "without any question, the most important documentary evidence of Beethoven's features." From the life mask, Klein made a bust of Beethoven; the eyes, hair and clothes were added by the sculptor. During the 19th century, various copies of the sculpture were made, in plaster or bronze.

### Later history of the life mask

Sculptor Anton Dietrich acquired the life mask, from which he made several busts of Beethoven, the first of them shown in 1820. After Dietrich's death the life mask was acquired by the sculptor Kaspar von Zumbusch, who created a monument of Beethoven in Vienna (1873–1880).
A mask came into the hands of Bulgarian-born Parisian painter Michel Katzaroff. After painting 36 portraits of Beethoven, in around 1952 Katzaroff gave the life mask to violinist and composer Eve Hungerford, who was very much interested in Beethoven. Beethoven's life mask (dated "1827?") was presented to the National Library of Australia by her nephew of and is part of Hungerford's manuscript collection of papers.
# John B. Boucher

John B. Boucher was a Canadian Métis leader. He was active in Métis politics since the 1960s. He sat on the Aboriginal Advisory Board for the RCMP and was a member of the Senate of the Métis Nation—Saskatchewan as well as a member of the Métis National Council. He received the Order of Canada in 2002.
During Nelson Mandela's visit to Canada on September 24, 1998 Senator Boucher tied a ceinture fléchée around Mandela's waist which President Mandela later wore during his address to the House of Commons of Canada.
# Frederick Johnson (Surrey cricketer)

Frederick Johnson (14 March 1851 – 24 November 1923) was an English cricketer. He played twenty first-class matches for Surrey between 1878 and 1883.
# John Branthwaite

John Walter Branthwaite (1 December 1927 – 30 January 2014) was a New Zealand Anglican priest in the second half of the Twentieth century; and the first two decades of the 21st.
He was educated at the University of New Zealand and ordained in 1952. After a curacy in Invercargill he held incumbencies at Waitaki, Wakatipu, Opawa and Otipua. He was Archdeacon of Timaru from 1975 to 1977 when he was appointed Archdeacon of Akaroa.
He died on 30 January 2014.
# John Bransford

John Bransford may refer to:
* John D. Bransford (1943–2022), American psychologist and educationist
* John M. Bransford (1901–1967), member of the Arkansas House of Representatives, 1931–1935 and 1937–1941
* John S. Bransford (1856–1944), mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah, 1907–11
# John Becke

Brigadier general John Harold Whitworth Becke, CMG, DSO, AFC (17 September 1879 – 7 February 1949) was an infantry officer in the Second Boer War and squadron, wing and brigade commander in the Royal Flying Corps during World War I. He transferred to the Royal Air Force (RAF) on its creation on 1 April 1918 as a temporary brigadier general. He retired from the RAF in 1920.
He was born in Liverpool on 17 September 1879. As a captain in the Sherwood Foresters, he was seconded to the Royal Flying Corps and awarded his Royal Aero Club aviators certificate on 18 June 1912 flying a Bristol Biplane at Brooklands. Becke was the first commanding officer of No. 6 Squadron, one of a handful of flying squadrons to be established before the First World War.
# John Christian (Deemster)

John Christian JP (12 July 1776 – 27 February 1852) was a First Deemster of the Isle of Man.
Christian was born in Castletown in 1776. He was educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. as 8th Wrangler in 1798 and graduated MA in 1801. Admitted to Lincoln's Inn on 23 January 1798, he was registered as a Barrister-at-Law in 1803. He then lived in Somerset and was a JP for that region. He was married in 1807. In 1823 Christian was appointed First Deemster and moved back to the Island, living in Douglas at Fort Anne. His son was the Rev.William Bell Christian the last self-elected Member of the House of Keys and first elected member for Ramsey. Christian died in 1852 at his ancestral home in Lezayre.
# John Chartres

John Anthony Chartres (born January 1946) is the former professor of economic and social history at the University of Leeds. He is a specialist in the economic history of agriculture in England.

## Selected publications
### Books

* Internal trade in England, 1500-1700. Macmillan, London, 1977. ISBN 0333183584
* Pre-Industrial Britain. Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1994. ISBN 063118144X (Editor & contributor)
* Agricultural Markets and Trade, 1500-1750. Cambridge University Press, 2003. (Editor)

### Other

* "English Landed Society and the Servants Tax of 1777" in N. Harte & R. Quinault (Eds.) (1996) Land and Society in Britain, 1700-1914: Essays in Honour of F. M. L. Thompson, Manchester, Manchester University Press, pp. 34–56.
* "Foires et Marchés en Angleterre de 1500 à 1850" in C. Desplat (Ed.) (1996) Foires et Marchés dans les Campagnes de l'Europe médiévale et moderne, Actes des XIVes Journées Internationales d'Histoire de l'Abbaye de Flaran, Presses Universitaires du Mirail, Toulouse, pp. 153–175.
* "Leeds: Regional Distributive Centre of Luxuries in the later Eighteenth Century", Northern History, XXXVIl (2000), pp. 115–132.
* "Part IV: Trade, Commerce and Industry" in E.J.T. Collins (Ed.) (2000) The Agrarian History of England & Wales, VII, 1850-1914, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 947–1225.
* "The Eighteenth-century English Inn: a transient "Golden Age" " in B. Kümin & B.A. Tlusty (Eds.) (2002) The World of the Tavern: Public Houses in Early Modern Europe, Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 205-226.
* "Producers, crops and markets 1600-1800" in J. Broad (Ed.) (2009) A common agricultural heritage? Revising French and British rural divergence, Agricultural History Review, Supplement Series 5, British Agricultural History Society, Exeter, pp. 138–154.
# Frederick E. Smith

Frederick Escreet Smith (4 April 1919 – 15 May 2012) was a British author, best known for his 1956 novel 633 Squadron about a Second World War RAF Mosquito squadron undertaking a seemingly impossible mission to bomb a well-protected German factory at the head of a Norwegian fjord. The novel was made into a successful film in 1964. He also wrote the original 1951 story that the film Devil Doll (1964) is based on.

## Further 633 novels

The author later published a number of further spin-off 633 squadron novels between 1975 and 1996, and one more in 2007. Those books are: Operation Rhine Maiden (1975); Operation Crucible (1977); Operation Valkyrie (1978); Operation Cobra (1993); Operation Titan (1994); Operation Crisis (1995); Operation Thor (1995); Operation Defiant (1996); and Operation Safeguard (2007).

## Other works

Other books include: Of Masks and Minds (1954), Laws be Their Enemy (1955), Lydia Trendennis (1957), The Sin and the Sinners (1958), The Grotto of Tiberius (1961), The Devil Behind Me (1962), The Dark Cliffs (1962), The Storm Knight (1966), A Killing for the Hawks (1966), The Wider Sea of Love (1969), Waterloo (a 1970 novelisation, based on the 1970 film), The Persuaders! (3 volumes of novelisations in 1972, based on the television series), See How We Run (1972), The Tormented (1974), Saffron's War (1975), Saffron's Army (1977), Saffron's Trials (1996), The War God (1980), The Obsession (1984), Rage of the Innocents (1986), A Meeting of Stars (1987), In Presence of my Foes (1988), Years of the Fury (1989), and a guide to how to Write a Successful Novel (1991).
As David Farrell, he also wrote The Other Cousin (1962), Temptation Isle (1962), Two Loves (1963), Strange Enemy (1967), Valley of Conflict (1967), Mullion Rock (1968).

## Autobiography

Two volumes of autobiography, A Youthful Absurdity and An Author's Absurdities, were published in 2011 and 2012, with a further volume The Final Absurdities scheduled to follow in November 2012. The books chart his early experiences in the RAF and in South Africa, marriage to his wife Shelagh, and his experiences as a full-time author.

## Private life

Frederick E. Smith lived for 50 years in the Southbourne area of Bournemouth and worked hard promoting the art of writing, editing a local writers' magazine, and lecturing across the country. He died in Bournemouth of a heart attack on 15 May 2012, aged 93.