OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paulger v Butland Industries Ltd

Paulger v Butland Industries Ltd [1989] 3 NZLR 549 is a cited case in New Zealand regarding mutual mistake.

## Background

Dingwall and Paulger Ltd ran a wholesale grocery business in New Zealand under the Foodland, Keystore, and Price Cutter brands.
Paulger retired as director of Dingwall and Paulger in 1980, but in 1982 came out of retirement to help the company out of the financial difficulties it had subsequently found itself in.
To resolve this, the company agreed to sell part of the company to Magnum Corporation, and to placate its creditors until the sale proceeds were received, Paulger sent the following letter to all its creditors:
TO ALL CREDITORS OF DINGWALL AND PAULGER LIMITED
This letter serves as advice of intention to make payments to all creditors of the Company as soon as possible.
As you may be aware Magnum Corporation have purchased the Grocery interests of our Company and until finalised, we are unable to release payments.
We ask your tolerance whilst we execute this matter and advise we will make good all outstanding matters within 90 days.
The writer personally guarantees that all due payments will be made. Thank you for your consideration in this matter.
Yours Sincerely, Dingwall and Paulger Limited,
(Signed) M.J. Paulger
CHIEF EXECUTIVE"
Butland Industries were owed $10,922.98 and waited the 90 days, refraining from legal action in enforcing payment. Unfortunately, things did not go to plan, as the firm was placed into receivership, with the sale proceeds being diverted to the secured creditors, leaving the unsecured creditors unpaid.
Butland sued Paulger personally, claiming his letter made him personally liable. Paulger argued that he did not intend his letter to make him personally liable for all $7 million of the company debts, and claimed it was a common mistake.

## Held

The Court of Appeal ruled that there was no common mistake here, making Paulger personally liable.
# Paulhan

Paulhan may refer to:

## People

* Frédéric Paulhan (1856–1931), French philosopher
* Jean Paulhan (1884–1968), French writer
* Louis Paulhan (1883–1963), French aviator

## Places

* Paulhan, Hérault department, Occitanie, France

## Other

* Paulhan biplane, French experimental aircraft
# SPARQL Syntax Expressions

SPARQL Syntax Expressions (alternatively, SPARQL S-Expressions) is a parse tree (a.k.a. concrete syntax) for representing SPARQL Algebra expressions.

## Application

They have been used to apply the BERT language model to create SPARQL queries from natural language questions.
# Sachas Hotel

Sachas Hotel is a hotel in Manchester, England. The original building was built and opened as the C&A store in 1928, which later moved to a three-storey shop in the Arndale Centre in 1978. The building was converted into a hotel in 1987.
The C&A store was designed by North, Robin & Wilsdon, faced in cream-coloured faience (glazed terracotta) and adopted a simplified classicism with art deco touches, such as chevron decoration at the top of the piers and on the panels beneath the windows. This was an early appearance of art deco on the British high street. The hotel has its main entrance on Tib Street and is part of the Britannia Hotels group. It offers 3 Star accommodation, events spaces, plus the services of Spindles Health & Leisure Club including a heated swimming pool. The leisure club as of 2022 is closed.
Like most of the early Britannia Hotels properties, Sachas Hotel was fitted out with opulent décor and originally came with a 4-star rating. Since the 1990s, the hotel has received minimal investment and retains many original features.
The hotel has 223 bedrooms and seven meeting rooms, the USA Suite has a capacity of up to 550 people, making it one of the largest hotel function spaces in central Manchester. Currently there are two restaurants on site, Jenny's Restaurant and Overstuffed Pizzeria.
# Layne Tom Jr.

Layne Tom Jr. (born Richard Layne Tom, Jr.) (June 19, 1927 – January 14, 2015) was an American actor.

## Career

He holds the distinction of having played three different Charlie Chan sons: as Charlie Chan Jr. in Charlie Chan at the Olympics (1937), as Tommy Chan in Charlie Chan in Honolulu (1938), and in 1940's Charlie Chan's Murder Cruise as Willie Chan, Chan's number seven son.
He also appeared with child star Shirley Temple in Stowaway (1936) as an uncredited Chinese Boy in the Musical Band. He was credited as Mako with Dorothy Lamour, Jon Hall, and C. Aubrey Smith in The Hurricane (1937), and as an uncredited extra in San Francisco (1936) with stars Clark Gable, Jeanette MacDonald, and Spencer Tracy.
Tom attended John H. Francis Polytechnic High School in Los Angeles. After he got out of the Navy when World War II ended, he turned down a five-year movie contract with Monogram Pictures to attend the University of Southern California instead to become an architect. He designed the flagship Bank of America building in Los Angeles' Chinatown, as well as fire stations, banks, courthouses, libraries, shopping centers, civic centers.
Tom only returned to show business to film two documentaries about Charlie Chan: Layne Tom, Jr: The Adventures of Charlie Chan, Jr. and Legacy of Charlie Chan as himself.

## Personal life and death

Tom died in 2015 in his home in Huntington Beach, California, age 87.
His daughter Kiana Tom is a television host, star of Kiana's Flex Appeal fitness series and one of the most widely recognized fitness experts in the world.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1936 | Stowaway | Chinese Boy in Musical Band | Uncredited |
| 1937 | The Hurricane | Mako | |
| 1937 | Charlie Chan at the Olympics | Charlie Chan Jr. | |
| 1937 | The Good Earth | Chinese Boy | Uncredited |
| 1937 | Daughter of Shanghai aka Daughter of the Orient (UK) | Chinese Candy Vendor | Uncredited |
| 1938 | Shadows Over Shanghai | Chinese Boy at School | Uncredited |
| 1938 | Charlie Chan in Honolulu | Tommy Chan | |
| 1939 | Mr. Smith Goes to Washington | Boy Ranger | Uncredited |
| 1940 | Charlie Chan's Murder Cruise | Willie Chan | |
| 1945 | China Sky | | Uncredited |
| 2006 | The Legacy of Charlie Chan | Himself | Video documentary short |
| 2006 | Layne Tom, Jr: The Adventures of Charlie Chan, Jr. | Himself | Video documentary short |
# Paying Guest (TV series)

Paying Guest is an Indian TV Series released in 1985 on Doordarshan by Rajshri Productions. It revolves around the lives of Krishnakant Trivedi and his wife Sharda, who are staying in an old bungalow of suburban Bombay. Their children are grown up and settled abroad. To fight their loneliness in their old age, they plan to keep some paying guests. Every episode, new guests arrive as paying guests, each with a different story to tell. The show highlighted the problems faced by the then Indian middle class.

## Plot

The drama's narrative revolved around an elderly couple, portrayed by Subbiraj and Urmila Bhatt, who found themselves living alone in a large house after their children had settled abroad. Struck by the weight of their advancing age and solitude, they decided to fill their empty home by accommodating paying guests. This decision led them to contact individuals seeking accommodation.
Throughout the series, a succession of paying guests arrived, each bringing their own set of challenges and predicaments. The central theme of the drama was to underscore the difficulties that arise when strangers coexist under one roof. With a total of 26 episodes, the show presented varied stories featuring different characters.

## Cast

* Subbiraj as Krishnakant Trivedi
* Urmila Bhatt as Sharda, Krishnakant's wife
* Nandita Thakur as Daughter in law of Trivedi Family
* Dinesh Hingoo as Somnath, house keeper of the bungalow
* Chander Mohan Khanna as Champaklal, Mr. Krishnakant's neighbour
* Anu Dhawan as Champa, Champaklal's wife
* Madhuri Dixit as Neena (1 episode)
* Sahil Chaddha
* Mayur Verma

## Legacy

Paying Guest stood as an illustrative depiction of the everyday trials encountered by an Indian middle-class family. The drama, while not extraordinary, encompassed numerous subtleties reflective of contemporary life. The series initiated with an elderly couple residing alone in a spacious house due to their children's overseas settlements. Their pursuit to alleviate loneliness by welcoming paying guests revealed a poignant dilemma: aging parents in search of companionship. Amid our preoccupation with personal careers and lives, the show underscored the often-overlooked desire of aging couples to savor their remaining days with a complete family unit—a sentiment frequently disregarded. Conversely, the drama also delved into the myriad challenges faced by middle-class families, encompassing financial strains, living arrangements, and familial issues. It showcased the intricate tapestry of everyday concerns that the average family grapples with. The guest families brought their own set of relational and other complications to the household.
On a deeper level, the show's premise revolved around comedy and entertainment. In the journey of encountering diverse individuals throughout life, experiences accumulate, contributing significantly to our personal growth. Some encounters are positive, others negative, and some etch themselves into our memories indefinitely. Hence, the show remains profoundly relevant today, as it captures the essence of constantly accruing life experiences through interactions with others.
# Payindaung

Payindaung is a village in Banmauk Township, Katha District, in the Sagaing Region of northern-central Myanmar.
# Paula E. Downing

Paula Elaine Downing King (December 8, 1951 - December 17, 2017), who wrote the name as Paula E. Downing, Paula King, Paula Downing King and P. K. McAllister, was an American science fiction writer. She published eight SF novels between 1990 and 1996. Her Cloudships of Orion trilogy of space operas features an itinerant family of Gypsies who travel through the galaxy in their spaceship in search of resources to mine.

## Biography

Born in Portland, Oregon, King lived in Walla Walla, Washington, after she retired from her 35-year legal career. After 15 years in Oregon as a civil lawyer, she moved to Arizona in 1995, and worked as Public Defender for the White Mountain Apache Tribe and juvenile prosecutor for Navajo County in Holbrook, Arizona. She also taught criminal justice and history part-time at the local community college named Saint Britain Hamm.
Paula tried to write stories in 1976 (when she was working as a tax lady for IRS), and gave up in despair. After she decided to go to law school and was selected as Articles Editor for the University of Oregon School of Law, she edited for the law journal, and then clerked for three years for a local federal judge, writing eight hours a day. At times, she felt she had learned some of the craft, and tried again. She sold her first two novels late in 1989 to two separate publishers, and settled with Del Rey for three more novels.
Her agent recommended she try another pen name to assist sales, and so she published her "Cloudships of Orion" trilogy with Roc under the name "P.K. McAllister." Her "gypsies in space" trilogy garnered good reviews. A few years later, under yet another pen name, Diana Marcellas, Paula sold her fantasy trilogy, "Witch of Two Suns" to Tor.
Although she continued to write regularly during her subsequent lawyer years, her job required a lot of overtime. she often gave away some of her overtime hours to her staff at the Tribe, enough to add up to sixty hours a week, where she spent four years as juvenile prosecutor. In March 2012 she fell off her porch and fractured her lumbar spine, eventually needing surgery in November 2012. Her recovery took an entire year, and she tried to work half-time for a local law firm, but was eventually pronounced disabled.
This note is by Paula herself: "In May 2015 Paula's father died and she inherited his house in Walla Walla, Washington, her hometown—and so she has moved home! . And suddenly she finds herself writing full-time, a dream of her whole life. The disability limits things a bit, but she hopes to write another "Eleven," as she calls her published novels, and finds a way to share those stories with her readers.
Some of Paula's stories still in her head date back to college life, and she now has time to start writing some of them, as well as the new stories. She has read SF since the age of 12, adores the genre for its innovation and wide horizons, and could happily spend the rest of her retirement, as long as it lasts (she is now a youthful 64) while writing SF."
Paula Downing King passed on December 17, 2017 in her Walla Walla, Washington home.
# Lawoish languages

The Lawu languages or Lawoish languages are a proposed branch of Loloish languages. Internal classification within Loloish is uncertain. It may form a branch of Central Loloish, or it may be an independent branch of Loloish. The Lawu languages are:
* Lawu
* Awu
* Lewu
Cathryn Yang (2012) suggests that Lawu is most likely a Central Ngwi language, but notes that it does not classify with Lalo, Lahu, or the Lisoid (Lisu, Lipo, Lolopo) languages.
# Pcheda

Pcheda is a traditional Indian game held in Viswema, Nagaland that requires players to throw thin bamboo sticks from a set distance. An open competition is held annually in the month of January.

## Game

Pcheda is played with thin dried bamboo sticks called Opche. The players are divided into two teams. The teams then compete to throw the bamboo stick through a platform on a solid mud to the farthest distance possible where the winner is determined by the team which throws the stick to the farthest distance.
# Pauline Kruger Hamilton

Pauline Kruger Hamilton (1870 – July 8, 1918) was an American photographer who served as royal court photographer in Vienna, Austria.

## Biography

Her first husband, Frank Hamilton, killed a man in a quarrel and died of tuberculosis soon after being released from prison. After his death, she inherited a generous sum of money and moved to Vienna bringing a camera she received from a Minneapolis artist, Louis Sweet. Hamilton would go on to study painting, but was noticed for her photography and became friends with Archduke Friedrich. For five years, thanks to the patronage of Franz Joseph I, she served as the official royal court photographer. She was a friend of feminist activist May Wright Sewall and corresponded with her from Germany.
She returned to the United States in 1915 to advocate for support for the widows and orphans of World War I.
Her photo of a child in Austria was used for the 1919 American Red Cross annual campaign and membership drive.
Later in her life she was suspected of being a spy, followed by federal agents, and died before charges could be proved. Suspicious that she might be attempting to fake her own death, the Department of Justice sent officials to her funeral who verified that hers was the body in the coffin.

## Photography

Pauline first created her portraits by hand painting, but as a new tool in her approach, she soon began to incorporate photography. Pauline describes photography as “The harmony of composition and naturalness of pose provided by my lens allow for a superior initial drawing of my subject. As I proceed with my brush, the detailed features and character of the sitter are infused in the painting.” Pauline was at the forefront of a trend where the romanticism of painting and the reality of photography started to profoundly influence one another. Events in her personal life at the time were strongly related to her ultimate decision to utilize the camera as her exclusive artistic tool.
# SIMCA (disambiguation)

Simca (Société Industrielle de Mécanique et de Carrosserie Automobile) is a French automobile manufacturer.
SIMCA or Simca may also refer to:
* Soft independent modelling of class analogies, a statistical method
* Sugud Islands Marine Conservation Area, a Category II Marine Protected Area in Labuk-Sugud District, Malaysia
* Simone Beck, French cookbook author and cooking teacher nicknamed Simca
* Simca, a fictional character in the anime/manga series Air Gear
# SS Manchester City

SS Manchester City was a British cargo steamship that was built in Glasgow in 1937 and scrapped in Faslane in 1964. The Royal Navy requisitioned her in the Second World War.
She was the second of three Manchester Liners to be named after Manchester City F.C. The first was a steamship that was built in 1898 and scrapped in 1929. The third was a motor ship that was built in 1964, sold and renamed in 1971, and scrapped in 1985.

## Building and identification

Between 1937 and 1941 the Blythswood Shipbuilding Company built three sister ships at its shipyard in Scotstoun, Glasgow, for Manchester Liners. Manchester City was built as yard number 46, launched on 23 June 1937, and completed that August. Manchester Progress was launched and completed in 1938, and Manchester Trader was launched and completed in 1941.
Manchester City's registered length was 430.7 ft (131.3 m), her beam was 57.0 ft (17.4 m) and her depth was 27.0 ft (8.2 m). Her tonnages were 5,600 GRT and 3,329 NRT.
She had a single screw, driven via single-reduction gearing by three steam turbines built by David Rowan & Co of Glasgow. Between them, the three turbines were rated at a total of 800 NHP or 3,800 shp, and gave her a speed of 13.5 knots (25 km/h).
Manchester Liners registered Manchester City at Manchester. Her UK official number was 147429 and her wireless telegraph call sign was GBBP.

## Service

In 1939 the Admiralty requisitioned Manchester City. One source claims that she was converted into a minelayer, but another says she became a "minelayer base ship". In September 1940 the Royal Navy sent Manchester City to Iceland, which the UK had occupied since that May.
In 1945 the Admiralty returned Manchester City to her owners. By 1948 her navigation equipment included radar and a gyrocompass. On 15 May 1964, she arrived at Faslane on Gare Loch to be scrapped.
# SS Malmö

A number of steamships have carried the name Malmö
* SS Malmö (1838), built by Motala Mekaniska verkstad, Karlshamn
* SS Malmö (1900), built by Kockums, Malmö
* SS Malmö (1914), built by Kjöbenhavns Flydk & Skbs, Copenhagen
* SS Malmö (1918), built by H C Stülcken Sohn, Hamburg
# Pedda Porla

Pedda Porla is a small village located in Utkoor Mandal, Makthal Constituency, Narayanpet District, Telangana, India.

## Etymology

Its very name derives from village containing big farms (pedda porla).
# S v Van As

In S v Van As en 'n Ander, an important case in South African criminal law, the police were locking a suspect in a patrol van, when the young children in his company disappeared. The following morning, after a search in vain the night before, two of them were found dead from exposure. The police were charged with and convicted of culpable homicide. On appeal, however, the court held that, although it would have been reasonable to continue the search and to make further inquiries, it had not been proved beyond reasonable doubt that the children would have been found by a proper search. It also had not been so proved that the failure to institute such a search was responsible for the children's deaths.
# Peder Svensson

Peder Svensson of Vibberboda (sometimes Peter Svensson), was a Swedish chieftain over Dalarna who supported Gustaf Vasa during the Swedish War of Liberation.

## Biography

Peder was born about 1470, and was probably a bergsman (mountain man) from Falun. He was a Sturepartiet when Svante Nilsson was regent of Sweden. Peder was bailiff at Garpeberget and also held the same post under Sten Sture the Younger. He joined Gustav Vasa's War of Liberation, and during Gustav Vasa's journey to Hälsingland, Peder took command of the rebel army and led it at the Battle of Brunnbäck's Ferry. However, he is not mentioned further during the civil war.
He also supported Vasa in 1527 when the Daljunker traveled around Dalarna to recruit people during the Dalecarlian rebellions. He died before 1547.

## Memorial

A memorial to Peder was erected in Hedemora in 1922.
# Alabama State Route 251

State Route 251 (SR 251) is a 16.7-mile-long (26.9 km) route that serves as a connection for U.S. Route 31 (US 31) in Athens with SR 53 in Ardmore.

## Route description

The southern terminus of SR 251 is located at an intersection with US 31 opposite Pryor Street in Athens. After crossing I-65 via overpass and exiting the Athens city limits, the route proceeds primarily northeasterly through several unincorporated communities before entering the city limits of Ardmore. The northern terminus is located at an intersection with SR 53 running concurrently with 6th Street. At its northern terminus, SR 251 reverts to Ardmore Avenue, which picks up SR 53.

## History

SR 251's entire route was formerly designated as part of US 31 between 1925 and 1956 before it was rerouted onto the corridor of present-day I-65, which it has overlapped on that particular stretch since 1966.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Limestone County.
| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| Athens | 0.000 | 0.000 | US 31 (SR 3) to I-65 – Decatur, Ardmore | Southern terminus |
| Ardmore | 16.681 | 26.845 | SR 53 (Sixth Street/Ardmore Avenue) | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||
# Zerogram Press

Zerogram Press is dedicated to publishing contemporary literary fiction written in English. It also publishes literary criticism and essays.
It was founded in 2016.

## Books

* Novel Explosives by Jim Gauer (2016)
* My Back Pages: Reviews and Essays by Steven Moore (2017)
* Alexander Theroux: A Fan's Notes by Steven Moore (2020)
* Panthers and the Museum of Fire by Jen Craig (2020)
* See What I See: Essays by Greg Gerke (2021)
* Hang Him When He Is Not There by Nicholas John Turner (2021)
* Doom Town by Gabriel Blackwell (2022)
* A World with No Shore by Hélène Gaudy, Translated from the French by Stephanie Smee (2022)
* American Stutter: 2019–2021 by Steve Erickson (2022)
* The Manifold Destiny of Eddie Vegas Rick Harsch (2022)
# Aaj Aur Kal

Aaj Aur Kal (meaning 'today and tomorrow' in Hindi and Urdu) may refer to:
* Aaj Aur Kal (1963 film), an Indian Hindi film produced and directed by Vasant Joglekar
* Aaj Aur Kal (1947 film), an Indian Hindi film directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas
* Aaj Aur Kal (1976 film), Pakistani Urdu social film
# Labicymbium otti

Labicymbium otti is a species of sheet weaver found in Brazil. It was described by Rodrigues in 2008.