OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lucius Furius Medullinus (consular tribune 432 BC)

Lucius Furius Medullinus was a Roman politician active during the 5th century BC, and was consular tribune in 432, 425, and 420 BC.

## Family

He was a member of the Furii Medullini, a branch of the gens Furia. He was the son of Spurius Furius Medullinus Fusus, consul in 464 BC and the father of Lucius Furius Medullinus, consul in 413 and 409 BC, and of Marcus Furius Camillus, twice consular tribune in 403 and 381 BC. His complete name is Lucius Furius Sp. f. Medullinus.

## Biography
### First consular tribunate

Medullinus was elected military tribune with consular power in 432 BC with two others: Lucius Pinarius Mamercinus and Spurius Postumius Albus Regillensis. According to Livy, the three tribunes were all newly made patricians. The plague did not seem to take many lives and because wheat was imported the year passed without the risk of famine. Nevertheless, social tensions remained a concern and the plebs regretted that no plebeian had been elected as a consular tribune so even that the institution of that new judiciary must have responded in kind. At the end of their term the differences between plebeian and patrician candidates was made clear: the consular tribunes had signed in a new law, the Lex Pinaria Furia Postumia, which forced all candidates to carry a toga, the distinctive mark linked to their social rank. They organized the consular elections for the following year in the continuation of a Senatus consultum.

### Second consular tribunate

In 425 BC, Medullinus was again made military tribune with consular power, with Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Aulus Sempronius Atratinus, and Lucius Horatius Barbatus. Veientes had agreed to a twenty-year truce whereas which the Aequi obtained three years of peace.

### Third consular tribunate

In 420 BC, Medullinus was elected consular tribune for the third time, once again with Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus and Aulus Sempronius Aratinus, and with a new colleague, Marcus Manlius Vulso, all patricians. The election of the quaestors was conducted and overseen by Aulus Sempronius Atratinus who had opened the election to patrician candidates, which provoked the anger of tribunes of the plebs Aulus Antistius, Sextus Pompilius, and Marcus Canuleius. They moved to punish Gaius Sempronius Atratinus (consul in 423 BC), the cousin of Aulus Sempronius Atratinus, for his conduct of the election for quaestors. The tribunes reproached Sempronius with the errors committed during the war against the Volsci at the time of his consulship and made him pay amends with a fine of 15,000 asses.
It is during the third tribunal of Lucius Furius that Medullinus held the trial of the Vestal Postumia, suspected of deviant behavior, but who was finally acquitted.
# Ludwig Lemcke

Ludwig Lemcke (25 December 1816 in Brandenburg an der Havel – 21 September 1884 in Giessen) was a German Romance philologist and literary historian.
He studied history, philology and languages at the University of Berlin, and from 1841 worked as a private scholar, and later as a schoolteacher, in Braunschweig. In 1862 he succeeded Adolf Ebert as an associate professor of modern languages and Western literature at the University of Marburg. In 1865 he attained a full professorship, and two years later, relocated as a professor to the University of Giessen. In 1873/74 he served as university rector.
He was editor of the periodical, Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur ("Yearbook of Romance and English Literature"), and the author of several articles in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie.

## Selected works

* Thomas Babington Macaulay's Geschichte von England seit dem Regierungsantritte Jacob des Zweiten, 1852 – Thomas Babington Macaulay's The History of England from the Accession of James the Second.
* Handbuch der spanischen Litteratur, 1855 – Handbook of Spanish literature.
* Die epische, lyrische und didaktische Poesie, 1855 – Epic, lyrical and didactic poetry.
* Shakspeare in seinem Verhältnisse zu Deutschland, 1864 – Shakespeare in his associations with Germany.
* Die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Geisteswissenschaften und Naturwissenschaften, 1873 – The interrelations between the humanities and natural sciences.
# Luckaitztal

Luckaitztal (Lower Sorbian Lukajca Dolk) is a municipality in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district, in Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany.

## History

From 1815 to 1947, the constituent localities of Luckaitztal (Buchwäldchen, Muckwar, Gosda and Schöllnitz) were part of the Prussian Province of Brandenburg.
From 1952 to 1990, they were part of the Bezirk Cottbus of East Germany.
On 31 March 2002, the municipality of Luckaitztal was formed by merging the municipalities of Buchwäldchen, Muckwar, Gosda and Schöllnitz.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1875 | 1,257 | — |
| 1890 | 1,126 | −0.73% |
| 1910 | 1,353 | +0.92% |
| 1925 | 1,339 | −0.07% |
| 1933 | 1,250 | −0.86% |
| 1939 | 1,254 | +0.05% |
| 1946 | 1,548 | +3.05% |
| 1950 | 1,611 | +1.00% |
| 1964 | 1,262 | −1.73% |
| 1971 | 1,329 | +0.74% |
| 1981 | 1,150 | −1.44% |
| 1985 | 1,061 | −1.99% |
| 1989 | 965 | −2.34% |
| 1990 | 949 | −1.66% |
| 1991 | 918 | −3.27% |
| 1992 | 897 | −2.29% |
| 1993 | 891 | −0.67% |
| 1994 | 891 | +0.00% |
| 1995 | 903 | +1.35% |
| 1996 | 893 | −1.11% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1997 | 891 | −0.22% |
| 1998 | 918 | +3.03% |
| 1999 | 928 | +1.09% |
| 2000 | 957 | +3.12% |
| 2001 | 948 | −0.94% |
| 2002 | 970 | +2.32% |
| 2003 | 968 | −0.21% |
| 2004 | 969 | +0.10% |
| 2005 | 961 | −0.83% |
| 2006 | 958 | −0.31% |
| 2007 | 936 | −2.30% |
| 2008 | 904 | −3.42% |
| 2009 | 893 | −1.22% |
| 2010 | 875 | −2.02% |
| 2011 | 876 | +0.11% |
| 2012 | 864 | −1.37% |
| 2013 | 848 | −1.85% |
| 2014 | 845 | −0.35% |
| 2015 | 822 | −2.72% |
| 2016 | 811 | −1.34% |
# Luckan

Luckan (Swedish for "ticket window" or "box office") is a network of Finland-Swedish cultural centres in Finland. Currently, there are located in 11 cities and towns in Finland: Helsinki, Kirkkonummi, Kokkola, Kristinestad, Närpes, Porvoo, Karis in Raseborg, Tampere, Turku and Oulu.
Luckan offers its visitors the cultural events, theme days and press conferences, free usage of Internet, information on the Finland-Swedish society. Luckan also offers to read the Swedish-language newspapers and over sixty branch magazines.
Luckan gives information on various events, education, Finland-Swedish organisations and societies, social welfare and integration in Finnish society aimed at immigrants.
Luckan was founded in 1992 in Helsinki by Nylands svenska landskapsförbund and Mellannylandsprojektet. The name Luckan refers to the organization's first location in Helsinki, a window near the ticket windows of the Swedish Theatre.
In November 1998 Luckan moved into Lasipalatsi/Glaspalatset. By March 2004 Luckan obtained new premises in the building of Forum shopping centre. In early 2019, Luckan moved within the Forum block to the building previously used by the Amos Anderson Art Museum. Both organizations have financial and other ties to Konstsamfundet, a wealthy patron of culture and the arts in Finland.
# Andrew Pfeiffer

Andrew Pfeiffer is an Australian landscape designer. The son of a sheep and cattle farmer, he was born in Sydney and grew up on a farm in the Bega Valley, near Candelo.
On the recommendation of the English landscape designer, Russell Page, Pfeiffer studied horticulture and landscape design at the Arboretum Kalmthout in Belgium and at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London. He later worked as a student gardener at both the Bowhill House and Boughton House estates, as well as at the Arboretum des Grandes Bruyeres in The Loire Valley and Villa Noailles near Grasse in France.
Pfeiffer's first gardens were made in England, Austria, and Germany, followed by a number of commissions in Australia. He is based in Sydney and London, and has since worked around the world.
Two Pfeiffer-designed gardens (a desert garden in Sydney and a woodland garden in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan) were featured in the 2008 book Luxury Private Gardens. Pfeiffer wrote: "When gardens like the one at Château de Courances in the Île-de-France near Paris or the Odette Monteiro estate at Correias near Rio de Janeiro are stripped down to their bare essentials, they are like a well-cut couturier’s gown—nothing but an utterly simple response to the unadorned landscape or the naked human body they are designed to fit."
Pfeiffer believes that "great gardens have a timeless quality" and "should be thought of with a long view, and not in terms of superficial and fleeting fashion." "The natural surroundings, combined with a sense of place, should always determine the character of a garden."

## Books

* Pfeiffer, Andrew (1985) Australian Garden Design, Macmillan, ISBN 0333381211
* Pfeiffer, Andrew (1994) Creating Style, Weldon, ISBN 0696000970
* Pfeiffer, Andrew (2000) A Sense of Place: The Gardens of Andrew Pfeiffer, Viking, ISBN 978-0670880942
* Falkenberg, Haike (ed.) (2008) Luxury Private Gardens, teNeues, ISBN 978-3-8327-9226-8
* Pfeiffer, Andrew (2020) Quartermain, Monkey Temple House, ISBN 978-0-6488458-1-2
# Andrew Phillips

Andrew Phillips may refer to:
* Andrew Phillips (historian), English historian
* Andrew Phillips (lawyer), American deaf civil rights advocate
* Andrew Phillips, Baron Phillips of Sudbury (1939–2023), British solicitor and Liberal Democrat politician
* Andrew Phillips (footballer, born 1970), Australian rules footballer for Carlton
* Andrew Phillips (footballer, born 1991), Australian rules footballer for Essendon, Greater Western Sydney and Carlton
* Andrew Phillips (swimmer) (born 1962), Jamaican swimmer
* Andrew Phillips (priest), Archdeacon of Brecon, 1578–1620
# Stefan Szelestowski

Stefan Szelestowski (11 November 1900 – 7 October 1987) was a Polish long-distance runner and modern pentathlete. He competed in the 5000 metres and the 3000 metres team race at the 1924 Summer Olympics. Four years later, he competed in the modern pentathlon at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# André Warusfel

André Warusfel (1 December 1936 – 6 June 2016) was a French mathematician and an alumnus of the École Normale Supérieure.
He taught for many years in preparatory classes, mainly in high schools Henri IV and Louis-le-Grand. Inspector General of mathematics from 1994 to 2001, he is Inspector General Emeritus of Mathematics Education.
Editor of the Revue de mathématiques spéciales ("Journal of special mathematics") from 1974 until 2007, André Warusfel is also a writer and science journalist specializing in mathematics. As a science journalist, he was, in 1964, one of the reshapers of the journal Atomes ("Atoms"), future journal La Recherche ("Research").
Also passionate about the history of science, he devoted much of his recent research to the mathematical work of René Descartes. He assured a new edition of the text La Géométrie ("Geometry") which was published in 2009 in the third volume of the complete works of Descartes (TEL collection, ed. Gallimard). On the same subject, he defended a thesis at the University of Paris Sorbonne-Paris IV in June 2010, edited by Jean-Luc Marion.
He also published a 2009 book on the work of Leonhard Euler, which includes an introductory chapter providing a summary of the evolution of the history of mathematics.
He is also the author of several scientific papers on the history and education of mathematics, including a 2005 article on the formation of French mathematicians in the twentieth century, and on the same year on the history of the resolution of algebraic equations.

## Works

* 1961 : Les Nombres et leurs mystères ("Numbers and their mysteries"), Éditions du Seuil (réédité Collection Points, Le Seuil)
* 1966 : Dictionnaire raisonné de mathématiques ("Rational dictionary of mathematics"), Éditions du Seuil
* 1969 : Les mathématiques modernes ("Modern mathematics"), Éditions du Seuil
* 1971 : Structures algébriques finies ("Finite algebraic structures"), Hachette
* 1975 : Les Mathématiques ("Mathematics"), collective work in the encyclopedias of modern knowledge
* 1981 : Réussir Le Rubik's Cube ("Succeed with the Rubik's Cube"), Éditions Denoël, preface by Ernő Rubik
* 2000 : Les Mathématiques : plaisir et nécessité ("Mathematics: pleasure and necessity"), Éditions Vuibert, with Albert Ducrocq
* 2009 : Euler : les mathématiques et la vie ("Euler: mathematics and life"), Éditions Vuibert
# Lugenbeel County, South Dakota

Lugenbeel County was a former county in South Dakota, United States. The county's name originated from Pinkney Lugenbeel, a military commander in the area. Originally part of the Dakota Territory, the district in 1889 became a part of the state of South Dakota. The county existed until June 2, 1909, at which point both Lugenbeel County and Meyer County were absorbed into Bennett County, Todd County, and Mellette County, respectively.
# Andrew Lamb (engineer)

Andrew Lamb is an author, engineer, and advocate for the local production of relief items used in humanitarian aid.
Lamb was the founder of Engineers without Borders UK where he worked as the CEO. He was a technical editor for the inaugural UNESCO engineering report, as well as two book chapters.

## Education

Lamb studied at the University of Cambridge and is a Shuttleworth Foundation fellow.

## Career

Lamb launched and ran Engineers without Borders UK as the CEO. He worked RedR-UK for three years before becoming a trustee in 2011. Lamb is a director of Appropedia Foundation and was a trustee for the Centre for Global Equality.
He is an advocate for the local manufacturing of relief goods, having calculated that 40% to 50% of humanitarian aid spending could be saved if they were manufactured local to the emergency. As the engineering adviser for Field Ready Lamb responded to the Haiti earthquake where he used 3D printers to make umbilical chord clamps. Following the Nepal Earthquakes he travelled to Bahrabise and used 3D printers to make components to repair water distribution systems.

## Selected publications

* Andrew Lamb, Tony Marjoram, Francoise Lee, Cornelia Hauke and Christina Rafaela Garcia (editorial team); Engineering: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for Development, 2010, UNESCO, ISBN 9789231041563
* Andrew Lamb and Priti Parikh, Survival in the desert sun: cool food storage, 2015, Global Dimension in Engineering Education, ISBN 9788460675464
* Andrew Lamb and Priti Parikh, Trade and Mobility on the Rooftop of the World: Gravity Ropeways in Nepal, 2015, Global Dimension in Engineering Education, ISBN 9788460675464
# Andrew Lake (Kandiyohi County, Minnesota)

Andrew Lake is a lake in Kandiyohi County, Minnesota, United States.
Andrew Lake was named for Andrew Holes, a pioneer settler who carved his name on a tree near the lake shore.
# Rochester Maroons

The Rochester Maroons were a minor league baseball team that played in Rochester, New York, from 1886 to 1887. They were members of the Interstate League in 1886 and the International Association in 1887. Their home games were played Culver Field.
The 1886 Maroons were runners-up for the International League pennant, the league's championship, with a season record of 56–39, which placed them five-and-a-half games behind the first-place Utica Pent-Ups.
# Ange Mancini

Ange Mancini (born 15 June 1944, Beausoleil, Alpes-Maritimes) is the French intelligence national coordinator.

## Biography

His father was a bricklayer from Italy. In 1963, he started a career in the National Police. In 1983, he served as the head of the Service régional de police judiciaire of Ajaccio. In 1985, he created the Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion (RAID). He served as its first head from 1985 to 1990. In 1987, he helped arrest members of Action directe in the Loiret. From 1990 to 1995, he served as the head of the SRPJ of Versailles. He then served as the Deputy Head of the Direction centrale de la police judiciaire until 1996.
From 1999 to 2002, he served as deputy prefect for security of Corse-du-Sud and Haute-Corse. He served as the prefect of French Guiana from 2002 to 2006, then of Landes, and later as Prefect of Martinique since 2007.
He enjoys golf, cross-country cycling, and hunting.
# Ange Leccia

Ange Leccia (born 19 April 1952) is a contemporary French painter, photographer and film-maker. He works in Paris primarily with photography and video.

## Life and career

Leccia was born in Minerbio, Barrettali commune, in Corsica, and studied fine arts. Initially he was engaged in both painting and photography, but as time passed he devoted himself more to photography and video as his chosen media.
Leccia is a lecturer at the École nationale supérieure d'arts de Cergy-Pontoise (ENSAPC). He also directs research for young artists at the Palais de Tokyo in Paris.
Leccia's first film was the short, Stridura, in 1980. In December 2004, his film Azé, made in 1999, was released. Like his earlier work, such as the shorts Île de beauté (Island of Beauty) (1996) and Gold (2000), both co-produced with Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster, in Azé Ange Leccia continued to stress the light and sound effects.

## Selected exhibitions

* 2004 : Chateau de Tours, France
* 2003 : Galerie Almine Rech, Paris, France
* 1999 : National Museum of Contemporary Art, Oslo, Norway
* 1998 : Musée Nicéphore Nièpce, Chalon-sur-Saône, France
* 1996 : Villa Medici, Rome, Italy
* 1995 : Art at the Edge, Atlanta, USA
* 1992 : Contemporary Art Museum, Houston, USA
* 1990 : Le Magasin, CNAC, Grenoble, France
* 1985 : ARC / Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, France
# Ste5

Ste5 is a MAPK scaffold protein involved in the mating of yeast. The active complex is formed by interactions with the MAPK Fus3, the MAPK kinase (MAPKK) Ste7, and the MAPKK kinase Ste11. After the induction of mating by an appropriate mating pheromone (either a-factor or α –factor) Ste5 and its associated proteins are recruited to the membrane.
Ste4 helps to recruit Ste5, Ste4 is not required for the attachment of Ste5 to the membrane. Membrane association depends on a pleckstrin homology domain, as well as an amphipathic alpha-helical domain in the amino terminus.
During mating, Fus3 MAPK and Ptc1 phosphatase compete to control 4 phosphorylation sites on the Ste5 scaffold. When all of 4 sites have been dephosphorylated by Ptc1, Fus3 is released and becomes active.
Ste5 plays 2 main roles in the mating signal pathway:
* Binds the components of the MAPK cascade and holds them in an active complex
* Associates with the membrane, bringing the kinases to the membrane and promoting amplification of the signal (concentrating the bound kinases). Ste5 remains stably bound at the plasma membrane.
Ste5 oligomerization is very important for stable membrane recruitment. In one model, the activation of the pathway occurs at the same time that Ste5 is converted from a less active, closed form of Ste5 to an active Ste5 dimer that can bind to the beta-gamma subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein and form a lattice for the MAPK cascade to assemble on.
Not only does Ste5 contribute to propagation of the pheromone signal, but it is also involved in down regulating of signalling. It stimulates autophosphorylation of Fus3, which results in phosphorylation of Ste5, causing a downregulation in signalling.
Ste5 also catalytically unlocks Fus3 (but not its homologue Kss1) for phosphorylation by Ste7. Both this catalytically active Ste5 domain as well as Ste7 are required for full Fus3 activation, which explains why Fus3 is activated by only the mating pathway, and remains inactive during other pathways which also utilize Ste7.
Ste5 can be localized to the cytoplasm, mating projection tip, nucleus, and plasma membrane.

## Biological Processes

Ste5 is involved in the following biological processes:
* Invasive growth in response to glucose limitation
* Negative regulation of the MAPK cascade
* Pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion
* Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
* Regulation of RNA-mediated transposition
# Lugonjo

Lugonjo is a neighborhood in Entebbe Municipality, Busiro County, Wakiso District, in the Buganda Region of Uganda.

## Location

Lugonjo is bordered by Nakiwogo to the north, Kiwafu to the east and the Kampala-Entebbe Road to the southeast. Kiwafu Road forms Lugonjo's eastern boundary, stretching from Nakiwogo to the north, to Kampala-Entebbe Road to the south.
A papyrus marsh separates the neighborhood from Entebbe International Airport. The same swampy marsh separates Lugonjo from an inlet of Lake Victoria to the west.
The neighborhood is about 6 kilometres (4 mi), by road, west of the central business district of Entebbe Town. The geographical coordinates of Lugonjo are: 00°03'57.0"N, 32°27'07.0"E (Latitude:0.065833; Longitude:32.451944). The neighborhood lies at an average elevation of 1,141 metres (3,743 ft), above sea level.

## Overview

The neighborhood is low-income residential and business area. It s characterized by places of entertainment that are open 24 hours, seven days a week. As of September 2018, the neighborhood was one of the most densely populated slums in Entebbe Municipality.
Many of the residents are not formally employed, with an attendant high crime rate. Crimes include prostitution, use of illicit drugs and excessive alcohol consumption. Nakiwogo Police Station is responsible for law-enforcement in the neighborhood.
In an effort to curb the high crime rate, the area leaders have instituted a mandatory registration requirement for all residents in the neighborhood, in a "know-your-neighbor" effort.

## Population

In 2018, the population of the Lugonjo neighborhood was estimated at 40,000 people.

## Points of interest

These are some of the points of interest in or near Lugonjo: (a) Nakayiza's Pub, a nightclub, that s patronized by many of the residents. (b) Columbia, an establishment where the local police, has been able to intercept prostitution and marijuana sales.
# Anglican Diocese of Udi

The Anglican Diocese of Udi is one of 12 within the Anglican Province of Enugu, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria.
The current bishop is Chjioke Augustine Aneke.
# Steineroth

Steineroth is a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
# Steinernema xueshanense

Steinernema xueshanense is a nematode species from the genus of Steinernema. Steinernema xueshanense is named after the Xue Shan mountains.
# Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat

The steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat (Paranyctimene tenax) is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae found in West Papua, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea.
The species was first proposed as a subgeneric arrangement of Nyctimene, published as Nyctimene (Paranyctimene) tenax. The epithet tenax, derived from the Latin for 'steadfast', was intended to describe the conservation work of Peter Nijhoff, whose retirement was announced when the new species was discovered. The subspecific epithet marculus, derived from Latin, translates as 'little hammer' and the diminutive form of Marc Argeloo's name, a dedication to his collections of bats for the Amsterdam Zoological Museum. Two subspecies were recognised by Mammal Species of the World (2005).
   * Paranyctimene raptor (Lesser tube-nosed fruit bat), the type, first proposed in 1942.
   * Paranyctimene tenax Bergmans, 2001 (Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat)
The species is larger than Paranyctimene raptor, with recorded forearm measurements of 51.0 to 54.9 millimetres, and the greatest length of the skull in a range of 25.2–27.2 mm for both subspecies.
# Andrés de la Cuesta

Andrés de la Cuesta (died 1564) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of León (1557–1564).

## Biography

On 10 December 1557, Andrés de la Cuesta was appointed during the papacy of Pope Paul IV as Bishop of León. In 1558, he was consecrated bishop. He served as Bishop of León until his death in 1564.
# Anglican Diocese of Gusau

The Anglican Diocese of Gusau is one of eleven within the Anglican Province of Kaduna, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is John Garba Danbinta