OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Printers' International Specimen Exchange

The Printers' International Specimen Exchange was an influential annual subscription publication for the "technical education of the working printer" that ran from 1880 to 1898. Conceived around the time of the Caxton Celebration of 1877, it was an ambitious expansion of a "Specimens" column then appearing in the Paper & Printing Trades Journal, a widely read trade publication issued by London printers and publishers Field & Tuer and edited by Andrew White Tuer.
The official proposal was made in a letter written in 1879 by Thomas Hailing of the Oxford Printing Works, Cheltenham, to Tuer, who replied that if 100 printers would participate, his firm would handle the arrangements. Printers, and their employees and apprentices, were invited to send in examples of their work in the number of anticipated subscribers for each year. In return, they received a bound, collated set of all specimens accepted. The cost was one shilling (three shillings for American subscribers). For an additional cost, the finished volume was bound in half vellum laced with catgut.
Response to the call for specimens for the first issue exceeded all expectations, and publication, originally announced as biannual, was quickly changed to annual. John Ruskin praised the goals of the project in a letter quoted in the introduction to the first volume, and a copy of Volume VI was accepted by Queen Victoria.
Initially most of the contributions came from Great Britain and the United States, but by the mid-1880s the Exchange included as many as 400 specimens from around the world. For the first three years, Tuer and his editorial assistant, Robert Hilton, commented frankly and often amusingly on each specimen, but with the increase in both number and international participation, detailed critiques became burdensome and, perhaps, politically sensitive. Volumes I–VIII (1880–1887) were published by Field & Tuer at the Leadenhall Press, London, and the content represented both old-style and new "Artistic" printing.
After Volume VIII, Tuer turned publication over to Hilton, who had moved on to become editor of a new journal, the British Printer, published by the firm of Raithby & Lawrence. The Exchange began to decline under Hilton's editorship, leaning heavily toward the new "Leicester Free Style" of typography developed by the firm's foreman Robert Grayson, and the venture ended a few years after Raithby & Lawrence sued Hilton for violating an agreement not to start a competing publication. The last two (much slimmer) volumes each covered two years, with the final one not issued until early 1898, containing only 123 specimens.
At its best, the Printers' International Specimen Exchange taught a generation of printers how to examine learn from printed work, and it inspired similar ventures in Germany, France, and the United States.
# Alfred Alspach

Alfred Charles Alspach, Sr. (February 9, 1912 – September 19, 2002) was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He was also one of the founders of the Boys & Girls Club of Lancaster, which started in June 1939. He was the first secretary (1939-1976) and later served as its president and chairman of the board. He also served with the Boys & Girls Club Foundation. He has received national recognition from the organization: the Boys & Girls Club Medallion, Life Member, and the Silver Medallion. In April 2000 the Boys & Girls Club renamed the former Lancaster Community Center located at Rockland Street to be the Alfred C. Alspach Community Center.

## Activities

He helped form and was the president of the Lancaster City Housing Authority from August 16, 1942, through April 5, 1960.
Alspach was active in Republican politics all his life. He served as the State Representative for the City of Lancaster from 1939 to 1945, and was the youngest representative at the time. He served as an assistant district attorney from 1952, and served as the District Attorney of Lancaster County from 1960 to 1964. In his years as a district attorney, he successfully promoted legislation which created the prison work release program in Pennsylvania. In 1992, he went to the Republican National Convention as an alternate delegate.
Alspach has been active in the various branches of the Scottish Rite Masonic fraternity all his adult life. He was a member of the symbolic Lodge No. 43 F&AM, Lancaster Lodge of Perfection, Royal Arch Chapter, Knights Templar, Royal and Select Masters Knights and Harrisburg Consistory A. A. S. R. He has received the Meritorious Service Award and was a 50-plus-year member of the craft.
Alspach was an "almost charter" member of the Lancaster Chapter American Business Club with over 50 years' membership, and he has served as its president.

## Early life

Alfred C. Alspach was born February 9, 1912, in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, the son of Titus Alfred Alspach and Charlotte Davidson Alspach. He skipped two grades and graduated as valedictorian from Boys High School in Lancaster City at age 15. According to local newspaper accounts, he twice won the $20.00 gold piece award in the annual city-wide debate contests.
He attended Ursinus College and graduated with honors in 1933. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1936. He was Lt. Commander (Ret.) in the United States Naval Reserve and served during World War II, serving as a legal officer in the Office of Inspector of Naval Material in Atlanta, GA.
# Lake Karaka

Lake Karaka is a lake in the Northland Region of New Zealand.
# Mikata, Fukui

Mikata (三方町, Mikata-chō) was a town located in Mikata District, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,026 and a density of 93.47 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 96.57 km$^2$.
On March 31, 2005, Mikata, along with the town of Kaminaka (from Onyū District), was merged to create the town of Wakasa (in the newly created Mikatakaminaka District).
# SPIN World Cricket Monthly Magazine

SPIN World Cricket Monthly, also known as SPIN Magazine, was a UK-based cricket magazine, established in 2005. Duncan Steer was the editor of the magazine. The magazine was latterly edited by Kim Jones, the assistant editor being Lizzy Ammon.
The magazine had a strong focus on English county cricket but contained news, features and interviews on all cricket – domestic and International.
# Patrick Taulère

Patrick Taulère is an American director, producer and writer for film television and advertising. He is sometimes credited as Patrick Taulere. He was born in Perpignan in the south of France and spent is childhood in Le Perthus, a village situated at the border of France and Spain. He studied at the university of La Sorbonne and Orsay in Paris, France. When he was 20, Taulere moved to Hollywood to study film and graduated from Art Center in Pasadena as an honored film major. He started his directing career at ABC and became American citizen in 1990

## Filmography

FILMS
* Boudica, Warrior Queen (The History Channel)
* The Battle of Tripoli (The History Channel)
* The Plot to Kill Nixon (The History Channel)
* The Last Mission (The History Channel)
* Troy (The History Channel)
* Terminus (second unit director; AAA distribution)
SERIES
* Twisted Love (Discovery ID)
* A Lie to Die For (NBC-Universal/Oxygen)
* Twisted Sisters (Discovery ID)
* Ice Cold Killers (Discovery ID)
* Death By Gossip (Discovery ID)
* Limomasters (Fox/Nat Geo Mundo)
* Wicked Attraction (Discovery ID)
* Deadly Alibi (Bio)
* Prenup to Murder (Bio)
* 1000 Ways to Die (Spike)
* Arrest and Trial (Universal/Dick Wolf Films)
* Unsolved Mysteries (NBC/CBS/Lifetime)
* The Investigators (Trutv)
* The Scariest Places on Earth (Fox)
* Dominick Dunne's Power, Privilege, and Justice(Trutv)
* Guilty or Innocent (Discovery Channel)
* Critical Condition (TLC)
* What Should You Do? (Lifetime)
* Angels Among Us (CMT)
* Seconde B (France 2)
* Beyond Chance (Lifetime)
* It's a Miracle (PAX)
* Million Dollar Mysteries (Fox)
* Sightings (Paramount)
* Paranormal Bordeline (Paramount)
* Name Your Adventure (NBC)
* How Do They Do that? (CBS)
* Wide World of Kids (Syndication)
* Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous (Syndication)
* Rooms for Improvement (HGTV)
PILOTS
* Castaways in Paradise (Fine Living)
* Treasure Hunters(HGTV)
* The Enforcers (Lifetime)
* Destination Style (Travel Channel)
* Small Talk (NBC)
* Beach Patrol (LTC)
SPECIALS
* A Home For The Holidays (CBS)
* Night Shymalan's Signs of Fear (ABC)
* In The Mind of (TLC)
* Scandals Hollywood Style (MGM)
* World's Funniest Pets (CBS)
* America's Greatest Pets (UPN)
* The Secrets of Alien Abduction (Paramount)
* More secrets revealed (ABC)
* Newsweek Awards (NBC)
* Hollywood International (Syndication)
* Swimsuit Special (ABC)
INTERSTITIAL SERIES & PILOTS
* Saturday Night Solutions (Trutv)
* Movie Break (TBS)
* Movie & a Makeover (TBS)
* CBS Sneak Peek (CBS)

## Other

Taulere is a member of the Directors Guild of America; The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences and SACD (The French Director’s & Writer’s society). Brother of singer Jocelyne Jocya Born in Perpignan (France).
# R. Donnelley

R. Donnelley may refer to:
* RR Donnelley, publishing company founded 1864
* R. H. Donnelley, publishing company founded 1886 and succeeded by Dex One
# Sangoro-ike Dam

Sangoro-ike (Japanese: 三五郎池) is an earthfill dam located in Kagawa Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation and water supply. The catchment area of the dam is 0.9 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 1 ha of land when full and can store 85 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started on 1916 and completed in 1924.
# Louis-Sébastien Lebrun

Louis-Sébastien Lebrun (10 December 1764 in Paris - 27 June 1829 idem) was a French opera singer and composer.

## Biography

As a tenor, he wrote the music of several operas and scenes on booklets, among others, of Charles-Guillaume Étienne, Armand-François Chateauvieux, Armand Croizette, Sewrin and François Bernard-Valville, as well as the music of songs, masses and ariettes.
# Usui Sadamitsu (disambiguation)

Usui Sadamitsu is a legendary male or female warrior of the mid-Heian period of Japanese history.
Usui Sadamitsu may also refer to modern fictional characters:
* Usui Sadamitsu, a young male warrior character in the 2004–05 Otogi Zoshi (anime) television series
* Usui Sadamitsu, a female warrior character in the 2003 Otogi 2: Immortal Warriors hack and slash action game
# Pro-Composites Personal Cruiser

The Pro-Composites Personal Cruiser, also called the Corvair Cruiser, is a single seat, composite homebuilt aircraft.

## Design and development

The Personal Cruiser is a single place, low-wing, tricycle gear aircraft with a V-tail.
The composite aircraft is built using the FOLDaPLANE method. The method uses flexible flat composite panels that are radius-bent to form stiff fuselage sections inside a jig. Building time is estimated at 800 hours.
The aircraft is designed for powerplants up to 250 lb (113 kg) in weight and has an acceptable power range of 65 to 115 hp (48 to 86 kW). The 100 hp (75 kW) Corvair air-cooled four stroke automotive conversion is commonly employed.

## Specifications (Personal Cruiser)

Data from Contact! and Bayerl
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 17 ft 4 in (5.28 m)
* Wingspan: 25.5 ft (7.8 m)
* Wing area: 76.5 sq ft (7.11 m$^2$)
* Airfoil: Eppler
* Empty weight: 750 lb (340 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,250 lb (567 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 18 U.S. gallons (68 L; 15 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine automotive conversion, 100 hp (75 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed Ground adjustable
Performance
* Maximum speed: 120 kn (140 mph, 230 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 128 kn (147 mph, 237 km/h)
* Stall speed: 46 kn (53 mph, 85 km/h)
* Never exceed speed: 184 kn (212 mph, 341 km/h)
* Rate of climb: 1,800 ft/min (9.1 m/s)
# Resolution Funding Corporation

The Resolution Funding Corporation (REFCORP) is a government-sponsored enterprise that provides funds to the Resolution Trust Corporation, which was established to finance the bailout of savings and loan associations in the wake of the savings and loan crisis of the 1980s in the United States. It was established by the United States Congress in the summer of 1989, as part of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989. The Resolution Funding Corporation is a 501(c)(1) organization. As of July 1997, the Resolution Funding Corporation's debt stood at $30 billion.
On August 5, 2011, the Federal Housing Finance Agency announced that the Federal Home Loan Banks had repaid all of the interest on the Resolution Funding Corporation bonds. The Banks were required to pay 20 percent of their profits (after payments to the Affordable Housing Program) toward the RefCorp bond payments. These moneys will now be paid into a restricted retained earnings account until the Bank's account equals one percent of that Bank's outstanding consolidated obligations.
# Mikata Five Lakes

Mikata Five Lakes (Japanese: 三方五湖（みかたごこ）, Hepburn: Mikata-goko), also called the Five Lakes of Mikata, are a series of brackish and freshwater lakes located in Mihama and Wakasa, Fukui, Japan, which are close to the coast of Wakasa Bay. They consist of Lakes Mikata (三方湖), Suigetsu (水月湖), Suga (菅湖), Kugushi (久々子湖) and Hiruga (日向湖). These five lakes are all located in Wakasa Wan Quasi-National Park. In 2005 the lakes were designated as a Ramsar site. The Lake Suigetsu is famous for its varves, which were adopted as a global standard for dating geological and historical relics in 2012.

## Geography

Mikata Five Lakes refers to Lakes Maikata, Suigetsu, Suga, Kugushi and Hiruga. Lakes Mikata, Suigetsu and Suga, which are located in the southern part, are connected with each other via natural straits. In addition, Urami Canal built in 1664 connects Lake Kugushi with Suigetsu, and Saga Tunnel built in 1934 connects Lake Hiruga with Suigetsu.
| Name | Salinity | Surface area | Elevation | Max depth | Shore length |
| Lake Mikata | Fresh water | 3.56 km$^2$ (1.37 sq mi) | 0 m | 5.8 m | 9.6 km (6.0 mi) |
| Lake Suigetsu | Brackish water | 4.16 km$^2$ (1.61 sq mi) | 0 m | 34 m | 11 km (6.8 mi) |
| Lake Suga | Brackish water | 0.91 km$^2$ (0.35 sq mi) | 0 m | 13.0 m | 4.2 km (2.6 mi) |
| Lake Kugushi | Brackish water | 1.40 km$^2$ (0.54 sq mi) | 0 m | 2.5 m | 7.0 km (4.3 mi) |
| Lake Hiruga | Saline water | 0.92 km$^2$ (0.36 sq mi) | 0 m | 38.5 m | 4.0 km (2.5 mi) |
# SPIS

SPIS may refer to:
* Scottish Police Information Strategy, former name of the Scottish Police Services Authority – Information Communications Technology
* Pias Airport (ICAO code), Pias, Peru
* Spiš, a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland
** Spiš Castle, one of the largest castle sites in Central Europe
** Spiš county, an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary
# R. Doraisamy

R. Doraisamy, also known as Challenger Dorai, is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Coimbatore South constituency. He represented the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party. In 2024, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in the presence of Tamil Nadu BJP chief K. Annamalai and Rajeev Chandrasekhar.
The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by Amman K. Arjunan.
# Sandro Donati

Sandro Donati (Monte Porzio Catone, 14 June 1947) is an Italian athletics coach and antidoping activist.

## Biography

He is mostly known for his battle against doping in athletics, soccer, and cycling and for denouncing Italian athletics scandals in the mid-1980s.
He coached the Italy national athletics sprint team from 1977 to 1987, but was dismissed after denouncing the rigged jump of Giovanni Evangelisti at the 1987 World Championships in Athletics held in Rome. Author of several books about doping, he was Head of Research and Experimentation of Italian National Olympic Committee from 1990 to 2006. In 1999, after Lance Armstrong's first Tour de France victory, Donati assisted The Sunday Times journalist David Walsh in his pursuit of a connection between Armstrong and the infamous "doping doctor", Michele Ferrari.
He trained Alex Schwazer during his bid to return to the Olympics after his disqualification for doping. Schwzer qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics, however he never competed as he was found positive to doping for a second time. Donati believes a conspiracy was enacted to punish him and Schwazer for their whistleblowing against state sponsored doping.

## Books

* Donati, Sandro (1983). L'organizzazione dell'allenamento. Rome: Società stampa sportiva.
* Donati, Sandro (1989). Campioni senza valore. Florence: Ponte alle Grazie.
* Donati, Sandro (2012). Lo sport del doping. Chi lo subisce, chi lo combatte. Rome: EGA-Edizioni Gruppo Abele. ISBN 978-8865790335.
# Canadian Forces School of Music

The Canadian Forces School of Music, CFSM (French language: École de musique des Forces canadiennes, EMFC) was an educational institution that supported the music branch and all Canadian military bands in the Canadian Forces. It was created in 1954 in Esquimalt, British Columbia for musicians of the Royal Canadian Navy, with the school being the Canadian equivalent of the United States Armed Forces School of Music and the Royal Military School of Music. In 1961, the school was expanded and rebranded to include musicians from the Canadian Army and the Royal Canadian Air Force, and by the time of the Unification of the Canadian Armed Forces in February 1968, the school had officially been renamed to the CFSM. For its entire existence, the CFSM was located at CFB Borden in Ontario and offered enrolled students with a two-year educational program until it was disestablished in 1991. Enrollment varied with the requirement for musicians. The school also gave a one-year program to CF musicians with experience in the music branch who wish to serve in leadership positions in CF bands. Personnel of the Regular Force who wish to be qualified to as a pipe major have to attend a year long course at the CFSM in order be appointed to the post.
A notable instructor at the EMFC includes James Gayfer who was the director of the Band of the Canadian Guards from 1953-1961. CF's musical training establishment of today is known as the Logistics Training Centre Music Division of the Royal Canadian Logistics Service.

## Commandants

The following have served as commandants of the school:
* Lieutenant Commander H.G. Cuthbert (1954-1956)
* Lieutenant Commander Stanley Sunderland (1956-1966)
* Lieutenant Colonel Clifford Hunt (1966-1968)
* Lieutenant Colonel Edmund T. Jones (1968-1975)
* Lieutenant Colonel Tom Milner (1975-1980)
* Lieutenant Colonel Charles-Auguste Villeneuve (1980-1984)
* Commander George Morrison (1984-1985)
* Lieutenant Commander Ben Templaars (1985-1987)
* Major Jean-Pierre Montminy (1987-1990)
* Major William T. Wornes (since 1990)

## Notable alumni

* Jack Kopstein, graduated in 1971 and went on to later serve as assistant director of the Central Band of the Canadian Armed Forces.
* Kenneth Killingbeck, director of the Royal Canadian Regiment Band in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
* Bobby Herriot, Scottish-Canadian musicians who served in the Band of the Blues and Royals and The Band of the 7th Toronto Regiment, RCA.
# Abies yuanbaoshanensis

Abies yuanbaoshanensis is a species of fir tree in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in the Yuanbao Mountains within Guangxi province of China. It is a critically endangered species. It is estimated that only 700 trees exist, including saplings
# Lakhanda radio

Lakhanda (Voice of Lanka) is a Sri Lankan radio station. It was started on 15 November 1996, under the ownership of Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation. Eventually the channel was amalgamated to ITN (Independent Television Network) on 1997 April 1 on a government cabinet decision. The programmes were transmitted on 88.5 F.M. 87.9 F.M. and 97.6 F.M. from transmitting points at Yatiyanthota, Karagahatenna, Bandarawela, Deniyaya and Colombo. Lakhanda was renamed as ITN FM by its main government body Independent Television Network Ltd (ITN)
Lakhanda broadcasts programmes for Sinhala speaking audience in Sri Lanka. Its islandwide transmission opens daily at 04:30 hrs. and closes down at 00:15 hrs. local time. Lakhanda is the radio wing of the Independent Television Network Ltd (ITN) the pioneer in Sri Lanka's television. The programme contents are news and current affairs, politics, sports, education, cultural, health, women, economics and music.

## History

Programmes were commenced at 0500 a.m. in the first instance and then at 4:30 a.m. currently, until 12 midnight. From the tenth anniversary, which falls on 15 November 2006, it is proposed to transmit programmes for 24 hours.
One of the salient commemorative events anniversary held include the community development services via mass media channels rendered to villages. The first such event took place in 1997 November 15 at Mahavilacchi in Anuradhapura.
The second anniversary carried some of the supportive development projects for the Army officers in Vanuniya.
The third anniversary was the implementation of an Intensive Care Unit. In this Manner annually a series of community media oriented projects were implemented. The memorable event was the use of TV & Radio for tsunami victims.
At the outset there were four news broadcasts and gradually increased to 5 broadcasts per day apart from these news broadcasts an hourly news bulletin on National and international events were covered. The headlines of the main news bulletin were broadcast 15 minutes before the specified time. In this news bulletin covered business news, provincial news and news dispatches from abroad.
# Mike Adams (outfielder)

Robert Michael Adams (born July 24, 1948) is an American former backup outfielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1972 through 1978 for the Minnesota Twins, Chicago Cubs and Oakland Athletics. Adams batted and threw right-handed.
Coming from a baseball family, Adams is the son of second baseman Bobby Adams and nephew of first baseman Dick Adams.
Adams reached the majors in 1972 with the Minnesota Twins, spending two years with them before moving to the Cubs and Athletics. In 1973 with Minnesota, Adams posted career-highs in games played (55), hits (14), runs (21), home runs (3) and RBI (six).
In parts of five seasons, Adams was a .195 hitter (23-for-118) with a .375 OBP, three home runs and nine RBI in 100 games.
# Las Meninas (disambiguation)

Las Meninas is a 1656 painting by Diego Velázquez. Las Meninas may also refer to:
* Las Meninas (Picasso), a series of 58 paintings by Pablo Picasso, painted in 1957
* Las Meninas (horse), an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse
* Las Meninas (film), a 2008 Ukrainian film