OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jiang Ziwen

Jiang Ziwen (traditional Chinese: 蔣子文; simplified Chinese: 蒋子文; pinyin: Jiǎng Zǐwén) was a wei of Moling (modern Nanjing) county in China during the Eastern Han dynasty.
Originally from Guangling, now a district of Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province, he became addicted to wine and women, but was nonetheless recognized for his unusual phrenology. In the course of putting down an insurrection, he was killed by a blow to the forehead.
During the Three Kingdoms era, people repeatedly reported encountering his spirit, so that Sun Quan called him the God of Bell Mountain (鐘山山神; 钟山山神; Zhōngshān Shānshén), a peak near Nanjing which was then also known as Jiangshan (蔣山).
Following the introduction of Buddhism to China and the popularization of its king of the dead Yama, Jiang was placed in charge of the first of the ten courts in underworld as the Qin'guang King (秦廣王蔣; 秦广王蒋; Qín'guǎng Wáng Jiǎng).
# Robert Kalina

Robert Kalina (born 29 June 1955) is an Austrian designer. For the National Bank of Austria he created the T 382 design, which was the winning design of the 1996 competition for the art shown on the euro banknotes. Kalina's design was chosen by the EMI Council (European Monetary Institute) on 3 December 1996. However, his initial designs were supposed to feature imaginary bridges, but were discovered to actually be based on real bridges taken from the book Bridges - 300 Years of Defying Nature and had to be redesigned.
Kalina also designed the banknotes for the Azerbaijani manat, the 2010 series of the Syrian pound and the highest-denomination banknote for Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark in 2002.
# Adams Township, Champaign County, Ohio

Adams Township is one of the twelve townships of Champaign County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 1,036.

## Geography

In the northwestern corner of the county, Adams Township borders the following townships:
* Miami Township, Logan County - north
* Harrison Township - east
* Concord Township - southeast
* Johnson Township - south
* Green Township, Shelby County - west
* Perry Township, Shelby County - northwest
No municipalities are in Adams Township, although the unincorporated community of Rosewood lies in the township's south.

## Name and history

Adams Township was organized in 1828. It was named for John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States. It is one of ten Adams Townships statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to four-year terms that begin on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township clerk, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the clerkship or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Sampson Lake

Sampson Lake is a lake located west of Sled Harbor, New York. Fish species present in the lake are brook trout, white sucker, and black bullhead. There is trail access on the northeast shore from Whitney Lake. No motors are allowed on this lake.
# Share My World (disambiguation)

Share My World is a 1997 album by Mary J. Blige.
Share My World may also refer to:
* "Share My World", a 1962 poem by Georgia Douglas Johnson
* "Share My World", a song by DeBarge from Rhythm of the Night (album), 1985
* "Share My World", a song by Dru Hill from Dru Hill (album), 1997
* "Share My World", a 2007 song by Jason Donovan
# Frederick Pardee

Frederick Pardee may refer to:
* Frederick Forsyth Pardee (1866–1927), Ontario barrister and political figure
* Frederick S. Pardee (born 1932), American economist, real estate investor and philanthropist
# Șicasău

The Șicasău is a left tributary of the river Târnava Mare in Romania. It discharges into the Zetea Reservoir (also: Lake Poiana Târnavei), which is drained by the Târnava Mare. Its length is 20 km (12 mi) and its basin size is 155 km$^2$ (60 sq mi).
# Nicking enzyme amplification reaction

Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) is a method for in vitro DNA amplification like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). NEAR is isothermal, replicating DNA at a constant temperature using a polymerase (and nicking enzyme) to exponentially amplify the DNA at a temperature range of 55 °C to 59 °C.
One disadvantage of PCR is that it consumes time uncoiling the double-stranded DNA with heat into single strands (a process called denaturation) . This leads to amplification times typically thirty minutes or more for significant production of amplified products.
Potential advantages of NEAR over PCR are increased speed and lower energy requirements, characteristics that are shared with other isothermal amplification schemes. A major disadvantage of NEAR relative to PCR is that production of nonspecific amplification products is a common issue with isothermal amplification reactions.
The NEAR reaction uses naturally occurring or engineered endonucleases that introduce a strand break on only one strand of a double-stranded DNA cleavage site. The ability of several of these enzymes to catalyze isothermal DNA amplification was disclosed but not claimed in the patents issued for the enzymes themselves.
# Robert Kane (sports administrator)

Robert James Kane (April 24, 1911 – May 31, 1992) was a sports administrator at Cornell University and president of the United States Olympic Committee.

## Biography

Kane attended Ithaca High School and Cornell University, where he established himself as a sprinter. As a senior at Cornell, he was elected to the Sphinx Head Society.
In 1936, Kane was the manager of the U.S. Olympic track team. He became Acting Director of Cornell Athletics from 1941 to 1944 and then served as the Director of Cornell Athletics from 1944 to 1971, succeeding James Lynah. Kane served as the Dean of Physical Education and Athletics before from 1971 to 1976. Kane was also a leader of national and international influence who capped three decades in the Olympic movement as president of the United States Olympic Committee from 1977 to 1980. He founded the National Sports Festival, later renamed the U.S. Olympic Festival. Kane received the Olympic Order in silver in 1982 and was inducted into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame in 1986.
Kane is also the author of Good Sports: A History of Cornell Athletics.

## Honors

The Robert J. Kane Sports Complex at Cornell University was completed in 1996 and dedicated in 1997. The complex includes an eight-lane, 400-meter synthetic track oval running track, a soccer pitch, and throwing fields.
# Adams Township, Clinton County, Ohio

Adams Township is one of the thirteen townships of Clinton County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 2,040.

## Geography

Located in the western part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Chester Township - north
* Union Township - east
* Washington Township - southeast corner
* Vernon Township - south
* Washington Township, Warren County - southwest
* Massie Township, Warren County - west
No municipalities are located in Adams Township, but it does contain the unincorporated communities of Ogden and Sligo.

## Name and history

Named for President John Quincy Adams, it is one of ten Adams Townships statewide.
It was created by the Clinton County Commissioners in 1849 from parts of Chester, Vernon, and Union townships.

## Transportation

Major highways include Interstate 71, the 3C Highway (combined U.S. Route 22 and Ohio State Route 3), and State Route 380.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Argus As 5

The Argus As 5 was a large 24-cylinder 6 blocks' star aircraft engine, designed and built in Germany in the early 1920s by Argus Motoren.

## Design and development

Following the Armistice of 1918, Germany continued to build aircraft and engines under the control of the Military Inter-Allied Commission of Control. For use on very large aircraft, Argus designed and built the As 5 WW-24 water-cooled piston engine.
The As 5 consisted of six banks of cylinders arranged around a common crankshaft with a single output shaft. Each cylinder drove the crankshaft through a master and slave big end, similar to most radial engines. The top and bottom sets of three cylinder banks were set at 45° to each other with a 90° separation between the outermost banks.
Individual cylinders with sheet metal water jackets shared the aluminium alloy heads, four to a bank. Inlet and exhaust valves were actuated by shaft driven overhead camshafts. The aluminium alloy crankcase was split top and bottom.
Although some testing was carried out, the As 5 never flew and was abandoned along with the very large aircraft projects it was intended to power.

## Engines on display

A single example survives on display at the Polish Aviation Museum in Kraków, Poland.

## Specifications

Data from Pearce.

### General characteristics

* Type: WW-24, 24 cylinder six bank double W, water-cooled
* Bore: 160 mm (6.3 in)
* Stroke: 195 mm (7.7 in)
* Displacement: 94.1 L (5,740 cu in)
* Dry weight: 1,100 kg (2,400 lb)

### Components

* Cooling system: Water-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 1,120 kW (1,500 hp) at 1,800 rpm
* Compression ratio: 5.6:1
# Samuel Rollinson

Samuel Rollinson (1827 - 17 April 1891) was an English architect based in Chesterfield.

## Family

He was the son of Samuel Rollinson (b.1801) and Lydia Wardman (b.1806) and baptised on 30 March 1827 in Chesterfield.
On 29 April 1850 he married Lavinia Heald (b. 1830) in Bolsover, Derbyshire. This marriage produced the following children:
* Charles Wardman Rollinson (b. 1851)
* Alfred E Rollinson (b.1854)
* Walter Rollinson (b.1854)
* Frederick S Rollinson (b.1857)
* Arthur H Rollinson (b.1859)
* Tom Rollinson (b.1862)
* Edith L Robinson (b.1865)
* Florence E Rollinson (b.1867)
* Ernest Rollinson (b.1870)
* Anthony Rollinson (1871 - 1903)
On his death in 1891 he left an estate valued at £2,175 17s 3d (equivalent to £300,145 in 2023).

## Career

Initially he started work as a mason, and the clerk of the works to Chesterfield Grammar School. He then went as a pupil to Thomas Chambers Hine of Nottingham. When he returned to Chesterfield, he became surveyor of highways, and practiced privately as architect for new property on the estates of the Duke of Devonshire. One of his earliest projects was the north aisle of Hasland Church.
He set up a practice in Chesterfield and later entered into a partnership with his son, Arthur H. Rollinson, as S. Rollinson and Son.
He was architect to Brampton Brewery in Chesterfield. His son continued the business after Samuel’s death in 1891, designing many notable public houses in Chesterfield.

## New buildings

* St Michael and All Angels' Church, Sheldon 1864
* St Peter’s Church, Dunboyne, County Meath. 1866-1868
* Christ Church, Chesterfield 1869-1870
* Brimington cemetery chapel
* Chesterfield Board Schools
* Ashgate Industrial School of the Chesterfield Union.

## Restorations and alterations

* St Paul's Church, Hasland 1866
* St Mary the Virgin's Church, Beighton 1867-1868
* Holy Trinity Church, Chesterfield 1889
* Church of St Mary and All Saints, Chesterfield 1874. South transept door and window.
# No. 15 Squadron RAF Regiment

No. 15 Squadron RAF Regiment is a field squadron of the RAF Regiment in the Royal Air Force. Its mission is protection of RAF bases from ground attack. The squadron's headquarters is at RAF Marham, having moved from RAF Honington.

## History

The squadron was formed (as No. 15 Light Anti-Aircraft (LAA) Squadron) from No. 2700 LAA Squadron in June 1946 at RAF Nethertown and was renamed as No. 15 Squadron RAF Regiment a year later in June 1947. In 1957, the squadron was called upon for security and defence duties in Northern Ireland with personnel serving at RAF Aldergrove and RAF Ballykelly. From 1959 the squadron served in the Far East, helping to quell a Coup D'Etat in Brunei in 1962, and was deployed to RAF Seletar (Singapore) between 1964 and 1969. In the 1970s it was active in the Middle East, Hong Kong, Northern Ireland, Malta and Cyprus.
From 1982 until 1990, No. 15 became a light armour squadron, equipped with CVR(T) vehicles, then took an air defence role using the Rapier missile.
The squadron was disbanded during July 1990 when it was at Hullavington.
In 2003 the squadron deployed as a field squadron to Ali Al Salem airbase, Kuwait, in support of OP TELIC. On return they continued with Rapier commitments and deployed to the Falklands in 2004/2005. From 2006 the squadron had a ground defence role and served in Afghanistan and Iraq. In October 2014, the squadron provided the last troops on the ground in the airfield defence role at Camp Bastion. They withdrew back to Honington in the same month with some of the gunners on the squadron being flown out by the last wave of helicopters to leave the base, with the last of the squadron returning to the United Kingdom in November 2014.
In March 2020, the squadron was awarded the right to emblazon a battle honour on its squadron standard, recognising its role in the War in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2014.
# Klira

Klira (Otto Johs. Klier GmbH) was a German string instrument manufacturer, from 1887 until 1982. Starting with the classic violin family of instruments, the production range was extended by acoustic and electric guitars around the 1950s.
Klira was founded in 1887 by Johannes Klier in Schönbach, today Luby u Chebu in the Czech Republic. His son Otto Josef Klier took over the company in 1914. Following World War II, the Klier family left the company in 1946.
The company was soon re-formed in the Franconia region of Bavaria, West Germany, in the city of Erlangen. This coincides in time and place with the founding of the Framus company by Fred Wilfer, also from Schönbach. In 1950, the Klira company was moved more permanently to Bubenreuth.

## Sources

* Tony Bacon, Dave Hunter: Totally Guitar – the definite Guide, Guitar encyclopedia. Backbeat Books, London 2004, ISBN 1-871547-81-4.
# Kaddour M'Hamsadji

Kaddour M'Hamsadji, born in Sour El-Ghozlane, on 8 August 1933, is an Algerian writer of French and Arabic, author of novels, essays, short stories, plays, stories and poetry as well as Literary columnist (in various newspapers). He is the grandfather of the writer Anys Mezzaour.
# Kusakawa

Kusakawa (written: 草川 lit. "grass river") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Keizō Kusakawa (草川 啓造), Japanese animation director
* Nari Kusakawa (草川 為), Japanese manga artist
# Puyango Canton

Puyango is a canton of the Province of Loja, Ecuador. It is located in the west of the province, and borders the cantons of Paltas, Celica, Pindal, and Zapotillo.
# Argus 50 hp

The Argus 50 hp aircraft engine, from 1909 was a four-cylinder, water cooled inline engine built by the German Argus Motoren company.

## Design and development

The Argus 50 hp aircraft engine was developed by Argus Motoren around 1909 based upon their earlier balloon- and boat-engines.
It had a bore of 124 mm (4.88 in) and a stroke of 130 mm (5.12 in) and produced about 45–55 hp (34–41 kW) at 1200–1300 rpm and was produced in two variants, with the valves and camshaft on the right or on the left side respectively.
The engine cylinders were of cast iron, cast in pairs of two cylinders, with the cooling jackets integral in the casting. There were two side valves per cylinder, which were operated from the camshaft, which was located on one side of the engine block and driven from the crankshaft by spur gears. The intake valves were oriented to the middle of each cylinder pair, and their intake ducts were conjoined within the casting into a single external port. All four cylinders were fed by a single Cudell-G.A.-carburettor.
The coolant was circulated by a centrifugal water pump which was installed on the carburettor side and driven from the camshaft gear. A single spark plug per cylinder was mounted above the inlet valve, with the magneto located at the control side of the engine, driven from the crankshaft via an intermediate spur gear. There was no oil pump installed and the lubrication was done solely by splash.

## Applications

* Fokker Spin 1910 (first and second version)
* Sikorsky S-5

## Specifications

Data from Z.F.M.

### General characteristics

* Type: four-cylinder, water-cooled in-line piston engine
* Bore: 124 mm (4.88 in)
* Stroke: 130 mm (5.12 in)
* Dry weight: 129 kg (284 lb)

### Components

* Valvetrain: Cam-in-block, Sidevalves
* Cooling system: Water-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 55 hp (41 kW) at 1,300 rpm
# Perkinsville, New York

Perkinsville is a locale in Steuben County in the U.S. state of New York. It is the birthplace of Patty Maloney. It is located at 42°32′23″N 77°37′41″W﻿ / ﻿42.53972°N 77.62806°W﻿ / 42.53972; -77.62806. As of the 2000 U.S. census, Perkinsville has an average household size of 2.66 persons.
From 1882 to 1963, Perkinsville was on the New York (Hoboken) to Buffalo Main Line of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad (1882–1960) and Erie Lackawanna Railroad (1960–1963). Tracks were removed through Perkinsville in 1963 by order of the United States Interstate Commerce Commission, upon application by the EL, which had far easier grades on the former Erie mainline via Hornell. Since 1963, Perkinsville has had no rail service.
# Abacetus fuscipes

Abacetus fuscipes is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Johann Christoph Friedrich Klug in 1833.
# Almaden Quicksilver County Park

Almaden Quicksilver County Park is a 4,163 acres (17 km$^2$) park that includes the grounds of former mercury ("quicksilver") mines adjacent to south San Jose, California, USA. The park's elevation varies greatly: the most used entrances (on the east side of the park) are less than 600 feet (183 m) above sea level, while the highest point in the park is over 1,700 feet (518 m) above sea level.
The park is owned by the County of Santa Clara and managed by the Santa Clara County Parks and Recreation Department. Its grounds include the Guadalupe Reservoir and features sweeping views of San Jose. Adjacent to the park is the Almaden Reservoir. The Casa Grande Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum is located in nearby New Almaden. The park is named after the New Almaden Quicksilver Mines, which were named after the mercury mine in (old) Almadén, Spain, and produced mercury that was used to process ore during the Gold Rush.

## History

The park's New Almaden Mines were in operation from 1847 to 1976. The mines were highly important during the California Gold Rush, since mercury was used to extract gold from ore. By the time Santa Clara County bought the mines in 1976 and ended operations, 83,974,076 pounds (37,388 metric tons) of mercury (worth more than US$70 million) had been extracted.
The remains of a variety of structures left over from the 135 years of mining activity, including housing for the up to 1,800 miners, are scattered about the park, with the biggest concentration at what was known as English Camp, established by Cornish miners in the 1860s. Some structures were built later by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and there is a memorial honoring the Civilian Conservation Corps firefighters that were stationed there for a time.

## Conversion from mines to park

In the period 1976 to 1978, the county developed a number of new large parks in rapid succession including Grant Ranch Park, Sanborn Park and Almaden Quicksilver County Park. Very soon after buying the mining property in 1976, Santa Clara County began planning for park usage, in an era where the county parks program was aggressively expanding.
The county parks director envisioned a historic park where visitors could experience the mining past and also enjoy the biodiversity of the natural setting. Facilities plans were created and an Environmental Impact Report was prepared.
Principal issues assessed in the park proposal were:
* biological impacts upon habitat by park users
* water quality impacts to creeks draining the watershed
* visual and drainage impacts of road improvements
* historical analysis of mine usage
# 1975 Berlin Marathon

The 1975 Berlin Marathon, known as the Berlin Volksmarathon, was the second running of the annual marathon race held in Berlin, West Germany, held on 28 September. A West German husband and wife duo won the races, with Ralf Bochröder taking the men's race in 2:47:08 hours and Kristin Bochröder the women's race in 3:59:15. A total of 236 runners finished the race, comprising 232 men and 4 women.

## Results
### Men

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | Time |
| | Ralf Bochröder | Germany | 2:47:08 |
| | Dieter Weiß | Germany | 2:48:26 |
| | Hermann Brecht | Germany | 2:50:02 |
| 4 | Wolfgang Papenfuß | West Germany | 2:53:30 |
| 5 | Dietmar Gathmann | West Germany | 2:54:26 |
| 6 | Horst Zettlitz | West Germany | 2:54:44 |
| 7 | Manfred Wells | West Germany | 2:56:13 |
| 8 | Rohland Wächtler | West Germany | 2:58:11 |
| 9 | John Case | United States | 2:58:35 |
| 10 | Michael Heine | West Germany | 2:58:55 |
| 11 | Günter Hallas | West Germany | 2:59:56 |
| 12 | Alberto Tognetti | Italy | 3:00:47 |

### Women

| Athlete | Nationality | Time |
| Kristin Bochröder | Germany | 3:59:15 |
| Elfriede Kayser | Germany | 4:26:05 |
| Astrid Ziezold | Germany | 4:39:24 |
# Kagganagi

Kagganagi is a village in Belgaum district in Karnataka, India.
Kagganagiis a small and multi cultural village on the bank of Malaprabha River. It is located in Western Ghats at 40 km from Belgaum district of Indian state Karnataka. Like most of the Indian villages it is not densely populated, approximately it is populated with around 3000 people. This village has not had a Tea Hotel (chai angadi) since it was settled (may be found in the 17th century), which makes it distinct from the other surrounding villages.

## Contents

* 1 Attractions
* 2 Education
* 3 Living
* 4 Weather
* 5 Transportation

## Living

Like other Indian villages, the primary occupation is farming. It is wet place (monsoon area) and is ideal place for paddy field cultivation. Paddy is the primary crop.

## Weather

Summer season spans from the months March to June. During summer weather is moderately hot with temperature ranging from 30 to 37 C. Mornings and evenings of summer season are very busy as all people come out of their houses and work in the farms to ready the farms to sow the paddy.
During the monsoon season which is usually from month of June to September, rain pours heavily. Entire farming land is covered with green paddy. This season is regarded as the people's favourite as they get leisure time to spend in playing with friends, kids and family.
Winter season starts form the month of November and lasts until February. Weather during this season is considerably chilly. Since it is harvesting time this is busiest of all three seasons. During the month of October and November Paddy changes to golden color.

## Transportation

In recent times transportation is not a big concern in this small place. It is very well connected to surrounding villages, Belgaum district and Khanapur Taluk since Government of Karnataka laid the JMR (Jilla Main Road) in the 1990s. A few years before like other Indian villages this tiny place was suffering from transportation problems. Since there were few government buses, people needed to travel for an entire day to reach destinations as near as 20 km away. People bought mini buses and started shuttles to main places. Nowadays there are a number of buses there to provide transportation.