OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Multi-directional Impact Protection System

MIPS (Multi-directional Impact Protection System) is a head-protection system designed to enhance the safety of various helmets. Rotational motion results in shearing and/or stretching of brain tissue and increases the risk of brain injuries. The technology was developed by specialists at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology and a brain surgeon at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1996.

## Rotational motion

Rotational motion is the result of the brain continuing to move or stretch after the head has come to a quick and sudden stop following an angled impact.
In a helmet equipped with the MIPS safety system, a low-friction layer allows the helmet to slide relative to the head, resulting in a reduction of the rotational motion that may otherwise be transmitted to the brain. In this way, the MIPS approach mimics the natural safety system of the human head.

## History

Together with Royal Institute of Technology researcher Peter Halldin, Hans von Holst developed a technology that was designed to provide more effective protection against brain trauma. To evaluate the risk of different types of head injuries and to simulate impacts where a person is wearing a helmet, they used the Finite Element Model, developed by Svein Klein, Professor at Sweden’s Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). After thoroughly evaluating the brain anatomy, physiology, and combining their years of testing and expertise, von Holst and Halldin produced what is now known as the MIPS Brain Protection System, a technology that mimics the brain’s own protective structure.
The company MIPS AB was founded in 2001 by five specialists in the biomechanics of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Following its inception in 2001, MIPS AB evolved from concept to product, introducing the technology in an equestrian helmet 2007. At that time MIPS had their own helmet model but they changed their business model to be an ingredient brand, offering their product to existing helmet brands. As MIPS grew internationally, it debuted the ‘Yellow Dot’ branding in 2009.
In 2010, MIPS AB expanded into the bike and snow helmet industries, gaining widespread acceptance as both the technology, and awareness of head trauma became increasingly recognized in similarly risky sports.
In early 2014, one of the world’s largest helmet manufacturers, BRG Sports, Inc. and MIPS AB entered into a formal partnership after several years of sharing their technology, offering MIPS’ technology to a much wider global audience. Since then, MIPS AB has added several new brands to its catalog and has expanded to the American, European and Chinese markets.
In 2019, the founders Peter Halldin, Hans von Holst and Svein Kleiven received the Polhem Prize, the oldest and most prestigious technical Swedish award.
# Multi-domestic strategy

A multi-domestic strategy is a strategy by which companies try to achieve maximum local responsiveness by customizing both their product offering and marketing strategy to match different national conditions. Production, marketing, and R&D activities tend to be established in each major national market where business is done.
An alternate use of the term describes the organization of multi-national firms. International or multinational companies gain economies of scale through shared overhead, and market similar products in multiple countries. Multi-domestic companies have separate headquarters in different countries, thereby attaining more localized management, but at the higher cost of forgoing the economies of scale from cost sharing and centralization.
# Adarmalane

Adarmalane also D'adarmalane is a rural commune of the Cercle of Goudam in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. It lies to the south of Lake Faguibine.
# Adela Serra Ty Memorial Medical Center

The Adela Serra Ty Memorial Medical Center (ASTMMC) is a level 2 government hospital in the Philippines with an authorized bed capacity of five hundred (500). It is located at the Capitol Hills, Telaje, Tandag.
# Muellerianella

Muellerianella is a genus of delphacid planthoppers in the family Delphacidae. There are about seven described species in Muellerianella.

## Species

These seven species belong to the genus Muellerianella:
* Muellerianella brevipennis (Boheman, 1847)
* Muellerianella extrusa (Scott, 1871)
* Muellerianella fairmairei (Perris, 1857)
* Muellerianella guaduae (Muir, 1926)
* Muellerianella laminalis (Van Duzee, 1897)
* Muellerianella meadi Kennedy, Bartlett & Wilson, 2012
* Muellerianella relicta Logvinenko, 1976
# Mum language

Mum, or Katiati, is a Papuan language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.

## Phonology
### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Mid | (e) | | |
| Open | | a | |
# Muma

Muma of MUMA may refer to:

## Museums

* Ángel María de Rosa Municipal Museum of Art in Junin, Argentina
* Monash University Museum of Art in Melbourne, Australia
* Museum Maluku in Utrecht, the Netherlands
* Museum of modern art André Malraux - MuMa in Le Havre, France
* Musée MuMa, Museum of Mayotte, in Dzaoudzi, Mayotte, France

## People

* Fyah Muma, another name for Queen Ifrica, musician
* Muma Gee, singer and actress
* Walter Muma, Canadian moped rider
* Muma, a nickname for Victor Bernardez, Honduran footballer
* Austin "muma" Wilmot, formerly Overwatch League player for the Houston Outlaws
* Chad Muma (born 1999), American football player

## Other

* Muma (Celtic goddess)
* Muma River, China
# Munak, Karnal

Munak and adjacent Kheri Munak is a village and development block in Assandh sub-district of Karnal district, Haryana, India. Munak canal, which diverts Western Yamuna Canal's water to New Delhi, originates here at Munak regulator.

## History

Munak Canal was constructed in British Raj, Canal Rest house also constructed in British Raj and is still in very good condition. The rest house is maintaining by the Irrigation Department of Haryana. Munak canal was re-constructed here from 2003 to 2012.
The village was the subject of a video showing it's historical beauty.
It was upgraded to a block in October 2016 by the Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar's administration.
मुनक एक बहुत बड़ा गांव है जो हरियाणा के करनाल जिला में पड़ता है इस गांव का इतिहास बहुत ही पुराना है कहा जाता है कि इस गांव को पहले धोबियों ने बसाया था उसके बाद यहां पर मुस्लिम राजपूत आकर बस गए थे जिन्हें मुस्लिम राजपूत भी कहा जाता है और यह गांव मुस्लिम राजपूतों का गांव होता था उसके बाद 1947 आजादी के बाद यहां के सभी मुस्लिम पाकिस्तान चले गए थे और यहां पाकिस्तान से आए हुए औड और बाजीगर जाति के लोग यहां पर आकर बस गए थे जो आज के समय में बहुत प्रेम भाव से गांव वालों के साथ रहते हैं..
आज के समय में मुनक गांव में सभी जातियां रहती है जिनमें से राजपूत, ब्राह्मण, बनिया, हरिजन, बाल्मीकि, नाई, बाजीगर और सभी जातियां मिलजुल कर रहती है..
और 2018 के बाद से यह गांव अपने क्षेत्र का ब्लॉक भी बन चुका है जिसके अंतर्गत 30 से ज्यादा गांव आते हैं इस गांव में पुलिस स्टेशन भी स्थित है..
पास में ही मुनक कैनाल नाम की एक जल परियोजना है जिससे सारा साल दिल्ली को पानी मिलता रहता है मुनक कैनाल जल परियोजना 1800 ईस्वी के समय में अंग्रेजों द्वारा बनाया गया था
मूनक गांव की जनसंख्या करीब 20000 के करीब है जिसमें 3500 के करीब घर है

## Demography

It has a population 20,000 people in 3500 households, as per 2011 census of India
Maharana Pratap Stadium is situated in Munak Village where the children of Munak Village play as well as prepare for the army.

## Education

Maharana Pratap Horticultural University, Karnal is located at Anjanthali near Munak.
Govt. senior secondary school , Munak
Govt. primary school , Munak
Govt. girls high school , Munak
Bharat public school , Munak
Maharana Pratap public school , Munak
Maa vashno international school , Munak
Aryakulam international school
# Munak, Nicobar

Munak is a village in the Nicobar district of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. It is located in the Nancowry tehsil.

## Demographics

The village was severely affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. According to the 2011 census of India, Munak (including Ponioo/Moul) has 24 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 85.26%.
Demographics (2011 Census) :
| | Total | Male | Female |
| Population | 117 | 51 | 66 |
| Children aged below 6 years | 22 | 9 | 13 |
| Scheduled caste | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scheduled tribe | 115 | 50 | 65 |
| Literates | 81 | 37 | 44 |
| Workers (all) | 46 | 25 | 21 |
| Main workers (total) | 15 | 7 | 8 |
| Main workers: Cultivators | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Household industry workers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Main workers: Other | 15 | 7 | 8 |
| Marginal workers (total) | 31 | 18 | 13 |
| Marginal workers: Cultivators | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Marginal workers: Others | 26 | 15 | 11 |
| Non-workers | 71 | 26 | 45 |
# Murvica, Split-Dalmatia County

Murvica (Croatian pronunciation:) is a 22-inhabitant small village 6 km west of Bol, on the island Brač, in Croatia. It is situated among karst caves along the southern side of the island and was mentioned for the first time in 1286. Later it developed as a supply centre for the many hermits living there.
Monks and nuns from Poljica fleeing from the Turks came to Murvica in the 15th century. Over Dračeva luka, near Murvica, priests from Poljica built a monastery in 1512 and nuns built their own hermitage. Dutić was also first mentioned in 1512.
Two more monasteries were built beneath the rocks over Murvica, the Stipančić in 1416 and the Silvio Hermitage in 1497. Monastic life in these hermitages around Murvica continued right up to the Second World War.
# Addis Alem

Addis Alem is the name of several towns in Ethiopia:
* Addis Alem, Shewa (also known as Ejersa), the largest and best known, located in the Oromia Region
* Addis Alem, Agew Awi, located in the southwestern Amhara Region
* Addis Alem, Gojjam, located in the southern Amhara Region
* Addis Alem, one of the neighborhoods of Gondar
# Muracypraea

Muracypraea is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Species

Species within the genus Muracypraea include:
* Muracypraea donmoorei (Petuch, 1979)
* Muracypraea mus (Linnaeus, 1758)
# Murad (cigarette)

Murad was a brand of cigarettes.

## History

Turkish tobacco is sun-cured, which makes it more aromatic and, like flue-cured tobacco, more acidic than air- or smoke-cured tobacco, thus more suitable for cigarette production.
In the early 1900s, manufactures of Turkish cigarettes tripled their sales and became legitimate competitors to leading brands.
The New York-based Greek tobacconist Soterios Anargyros produced the hand-rolled Murad cigarettes, made of pure Turkish tobacco.
Lorillard acquired the Murad brand in 1911 through the dissolution of the Cigarette Trust, explaining the high quality of the Murad advertisements in the following years.

### Marketing

Murad referenced the Oriental roots of their Turkish tobacco blends through pack art and advertising images. Surely one of the most gorgeously over-the-top ad campaigns for any cigarette was the long-running series for Murad brand made by Rea Irvin.

#### Collectible cards

Murad Cigarettes issued a series of cigarette cards featuring the university colors, pennants, and seals of various universities and colleges around 1910. Some cards also featured a vignette of a scene, some sporting like baseball, football, or golf, but others with just general scenes. Tobacco cards were often included in packs of cigarettes until the mid-twentieth century and served to stiffen the cigarette packages, advertise, and encourage product loyalty with the collectible cards.

## Decline

Nevertheless, due to the rise of American cigarettes, cigarettes containing only Turkish tobacco, like Murad, Fatima, Helmar, Balkan Sobranie or those supplied by urban tobacconists like Fribourg & Treyer or Sullivan Powell in London, are no longer available. Indeed, tastes in Europe and the United States shifted away from Turkish tobacco and towards Virginia tobacco, during and after the First World War.
# Adolf Wallenberg

Adolf Wallenberg (10 November 1862 – 10 April 1949) was a German internist and neurologist.
Wallenberg was born in Preussisch Stargard into a Jewish family. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Leipzig, receiving his doctorate from the latter institution in 1886. From 1886 to 1888 he worked as an assistant in the Städtisches Krankenhaus in Danzig, where he settled as a practitioner. From 1907 to 1928 he served as director of the internal medicine department at the hospital, attaining the title of professor in 1910. When the Nazis came to power, he was stripped of his research laboratory and forced to stop working because he was Jewish. He emigrated to Great Britain in 1938, then relocated to the United States in 1943, where he died several years later in Manteno, Illinois.
While working with Ludwig Edinger he described the avian brain, and also examined the role of the olfactory system in the assessment, recognition, and ingestion of food.
He described the clinical manifestations (1895) and the autopsy findings (1901) in occlusions of the arteria cerebelli posterior inferior (Wallenberg's syndrome).
With Edinger, and later alone, he published the "Jahresberichte über die Leistungen auf dem Gebiete der Anatomie des Zentralnervensystems" (1895–1928). From 1996 until 2019 the "Adolf Wallenberg-Preis" was awarded by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie for outstanding contributions made in the field of cerebrovascular disease, cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral metabolism.

## Associated eponym

* Wallenberg's syndrome: (Synonyms: dorsolateral medullary syndrome, lateral bulbar syndrome, lateral medullary infarction syndrome, posteroinferior cerebellar artery syndrome): A complex of symptoms caused by occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery, resulting in sensory and sympathetic disturbances, cerebellar ataxy, etc.
# Admiral Kelly

Admiral Kelly may refer to:
* Benedictus Marwood Kelly (1785–1867), British Royal Navy admiral
* Howard Kelly (Royal Navy officer) (1873–1952), British Royal Navy admiral
* James M. Kelly (Maryland politician) (born 1960), U.S. Coast Guard Reserve rear admiral
* James W. Kelly (1913–1989), U.S. Navy rear admiral
* John Kelly (Royal Navy officer) (1871–1936), British Royal Navy admiral
* Robert J. Kelly (born 1938), U.S. Navy admiral
# Adiantum formosum

Adiantum formosum, known as the giant maidenhair or black stem maidenhair is a fern found in Australia and New Zealand. It was one of the many species authored by Scottish botanist Robert Brown, appearing in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. Its species name is the Latin adjective formosus "handsome" or "beautiful".
Adiantum formosum is an attractive plant, with fronds up to 120 cm (48 in) high. The rhizome of this species is unusually deep, up to 60 cm (24 in) below into the earth. The stems are black and can reach 90 cm (36 in) in length, while the fronds or blades are triangular with rectangular segments. The last segment of the frond is irregular and asymmetrical, on a short stem. This maidenhair fern can grow to 2 metres (7 ft) tall. The smallest segments of the fronds are the pinnules, which are wedge-shaped, rectangular or trapezoid. They have 1–10 sori along the margins underneath.
Adiantum formosum is found in Queensland, and New South Wales, and into Victoria, where it is less common. It also occurs in New Zealand. It is often seen growing in moist areas or along streams usually on alluvial soils, Adiantum formosum is generally found in rainforest or in nearby open eucalyptus forest, where it may form a large colony.
Easy to grow in cultivation, Adiantum formosum makes a good subject for container gardening. It appears to go dormant in cooler months and grow rapidly during the summer. A smaller, variegated form is commercially available and cultivated.
# Murder in Dutch law

Under Dutch law, moord (murder) is the intentional and premeditated killing of another person. Murder is punishable by a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, which is the longest prison sentence the law will allow for, unless the sentence is commuted or pardoned by the Sovereign of the Netherlands. However, this (if ever) happens and few appeals to the King for clemency have ever been successful.
A common misconception is that the maximum sentence is 30 years (or 20 until 2006): this is actually the longest determinate sentence that can be imposed other than life imprisonment.
Intentionally killing another person without premeditation is called doodslag ("deathslaughter", i.e. manslaughter) and carries a maximum sentence of twenty-five years' imprisonment or life if committed under aggravating circumstances ("qualified manslaughter") or as an act of terrorism.
In the first decade of the 21st century a life sentence was handed out 26 times by Dutch judges. All convicts will die in prison unless pardoned by Royal decree. In addition to a prison sentence, the judge may also sentence the suspect to terbeschikkingstelling (literally: entrustment, i.e. to the State), or TBS in short, meaning detention in a psychiatric institution for treatment, sometimes compulsory. TBS is imposed for a two-year term but can subsequently be prolonged for one or two years if deemed necessary by a committee of psychiatrists. Normal TBS can only be prolonged up to a term of four to nine years, whereas compulsory TBS can be prolonged indefinitely.

## Dutch homicide laws

The Dutch penal code, Wetboek van Strafrecht ("Lawbook of Penal justice"), specifies the following kinds of homicide:
* Article 97 – "An attack carried out with the intention of taking the life or liberty of the King, the reigning Queen or the Regent"
* Article 108 – "An attack on the life or liberty of the King's consort, of the King's heir apparent or his spouse"
* Article 115 – "An attack on the life or liberty of a head of a friendly nation"
* Article 117 – "An attack on the life or liberty of an internationally protected person"
* Article 287 – Manslaughter
* Article 288 – Aggravated manslaughter
* Article 288a – Manslaughter committed with terrorist intent
* Article 289 – Murder
* Article 289a – Conspiracy to commit murder or manslaughter with terrorist intent
* Article 290 – Child manslaughter
* Article 291 – Child murder
* Article 293 – Euthanasia
* Article 307 – Involuntary manslaughter
* Article 302 — "Praeterintentional" Homicide: corresponding to the German (§ 227 StGB), Italian (art. 584 c.p.), Felony-Murder anglo-saxonne and French (art. 222-7 c.p.) ones.
# Music jury

A music jury is a final performance by a music student for a panel of adjudicators, usually consisting of faculty of the institution. Students attend private lessons throughout the year, and they perform at the end of a semester or the year to illustrate progress before the panel.
# 2022 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship II

The 2022 Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship II was the fourteenth edition of the Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship II, the second level of the women's European indoor hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It took place from 21 to 23 January 2022 at the Pazo dos Deportes Paco Paz in Ourense, Spain.
Spain won their second Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship II title by finishing top of the round-robin pool and were promoted to the Women's EuroHockey Indoor Championship in 2024 together with Belgium, Poland and Switzerland.

## Qualified teams

Participating nations have qualified based on their final ranking from the 2020 competition.
| Dates | Event | Location | Quotas | Qualifiers |
| 24–26 January 2020 | 2020 EuroHockey Indoor Championship | Minsk, Belarus | 2 | Belgium Switzerland |
| 24–26 January 2020 | 2020 EuroHockey Indoor Championship II | Sveti Ivan Zelina, Croatia | 2 | Croatia Lithuania Poland Scotland |
| 24–26 January 2020 | 2020 EuroHockey Indoor Championship III | Bratislava, Slovakia | 2 | Ireland Spain |
| Total | Total | Total | 6 | |

## Results
### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| 1 | Spain (H, P) | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 12 | +12 | 12 | EuroHockey Indoor Championship |
| 2 | Belgium (P) | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 12 | +14 | 11 | EuroHockey Indoor Championship |
| 3 | Poland (P) | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 9 | +8 | 10 | EuroHockey Indoor Championship |
| 4 | Switzerland (P) | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 18 | −6 | 5 | EuroHockey Indoor Championship |
| 5 | Scotland | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 19 | −9 | 4 | |
| 6 | Ireland | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 25 | −19 | 0 | |

### Fixtures

* 21 January 2022 10:00
| Switzerland | 0–5 | Spain |
| | Report | |
* 21 January 2022 11:15
| Belgium | 5–1 | Scotland |
| | Report | |
* 21 January 2022 12:30
| Poland | v | Ireland |
| | Report | |
* 21 January 2022 16:15
| Switzerland | 3–3 | Scotland |
| | Report | |
* 21 January 2022 17:30
| Ireland | 1–9 | Belgium |
| | Report | |
* 21 January 2022 18:45
| Poland | 3–4 | Spain |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 10:00
| Ireland | 2–5 | Switzerland |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 11:15
| Scotland | 2–6 | Spain |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 12:30
| Belgium | 2–2 | Poland |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 16:15
| Scotland | 3–2 | Ireland |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 17:30
| Switzerland | 1–5 | Poland |
| | Report | |
* 22 January 2022 19:00
| Spain | 5–7 | Belgium |
| | Report | |
* 23 January 2022 10:00
| Belgium | 3–3 | Switzerland |
| | Report | |
* 23 January 2022 11:30
| Poland | 3–1 | Scotland |
| | Report | |
* 23 January 2022 13:00
| Spain | 4–0 | Ireland |
| | Report | |
# 2C-EF

2C-EF is a lesser-known psychedelic drug. It was originally named by Alexander Shulgin as described in his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), but he never synthesised it himself, though it has been synthesised and its activity tested in subsequent years.$^{:770}$
# 301 Squadron

301 Squadron or 301st Squadron may refer to:

## United States

* 301st Air Refueling Squadron
* 301st Airlift Squadron
* 301st Bombardment Squadron
* 301st Fighter Squadron
* 301st Intelligence Squadron
* 301st Rescue Squadron

## Other counties

* No. 301 Polish Bomber Squadron, a World War II unit of the Polish Air Forces in Great Britain
* 301st Tactical Fighter Squadron (JASDF), Japan
* 301 Squadron (Portugal)