OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neutron-acceptance diagram shading

Neutron-acceptance diagram shading (NADS) is a beam simulation technique. Unlike Monte-Carlo simulation codes like McStas, NADS does not trace individual neutrons but traces linearly-related bunches in a reduced-dimensionality phase space. Bunches are subdivided where necessary to follow accurately a simplified surface reflectivity model. This makes jnads results equivalent to Monte-Carlo simulations but about 5 orders of magnitude faster for difficult modelling tasks.

## Speed

The raw speed of NADS makes it a particularly attractive tool for beam modelling where evolutionary algorithms are used. Tests on the C++ prototype engine could calculate the on-sample flux of a SANS instrument in 55 milliseconds on a single 2 GHz intel core 2 core. The java release (jnads) performs the same calculation in 0.8 seconds on the same hardware. A Monte-Carlo simulation of the same instrument would take 25 hours to complete with 1% statistical errors.
Performing the same, unoptimised SANS simulation with full beam monitors in jnads (i.e. not just calculating the on-sample flux) takes about 45 seconds on the same hardware and gives you an idea of the beam divergence and homogeneity at the same time.

## Reliability

NADS results are generally in excellent agreement with Monte-Carlo calculations. In strictly controlled tests, NADS and Monte-Carlo both produced identical results when simulating a SANS instrument. To date, no discrepancy has been found.

## Limitations

* It's strictly monochromatic (but you can get away with a 15% spread typical of velocity selectors)
* Your instrument must have independent horizontal and vertical planes. No crosstalk.
* Polarisation and time-of-flight are further complications that users have to consider manually. It's not a black box technique
NADS provides the neutron flux. To calculate the neutron beam current NADS result must be multiplied by the wavelength band width.

## History

NADS was born out of necessity. If simulating an instrument takes more than one CPU-day, then performing a full optimisation of a neutron guide hall requires more than two CPU-decades. NADS was designed with the goal of reducing the CPU time to less than one minute for all instrument geometries, making an optimisation of a neutron guide hall feasible within a week on a single desktop computer.
The name NADS arose partly due to referee comments on the original article (ADS is already used widely in Astronomy, the authors should use a different acronym), and partly due to tongue-in-cheek discussions over coffee.
NADS was used with particle-swarm optimisation to design a guide system for the ILL. The new guide system will feed two neutron spin echo instruments, a SANS instrument, a new three-axis spectrometer, a new reflectometer and fundamental physics beamlines at the ILL.
# Richard Knight (rower)

Kenneth Richard Knight (born 18 May 1928) is a British retired rower. He competed in the men's coxed four event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He represented England and won two bronze medals in the coxed four and eights at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Western Australia.
# 5 Years from Now

"5 Years From Now" is the second single released by Australian group Mercury4 from their self-titled debut album, Mercury4. "5 Years From Now" debuted at #20 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart and in the following week ascended to its peak at #16, becoming Mercury4's second top twenty hit. "5 Years From Now" although had reached a lower peak than its predecessor "Get Me Some", lasted nine weeks on the chart, a week more than its processor.
The song was produced by The Matrix, which also produced and co-wrote Avril Lavigne's "Sk8er Boi" in 2001. "Sk8er Boi" has the line "five years from now" in it.

## Charts

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Australian ARIA Singles Chart | 16 |
# Andrew Sharpe, Baron Sharpe of Epsom

Andrew Michael Gordon Sharpe, Baron Sharpe of Epsom, OBE (born June 1965) is an investment banker and British Conservative politician based in Surrey, who served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Home Office from September 2022 to July 2024.

## Career

Sharpe was originally a policeman in Hong Kong between 1987 and 1991, before migrating to the UK in the early 1990s, where he began working as a merchant banker.
Sharpe was the President of the National Conservative Convention from 2017 to 2018 and was its Chairman until July 2021. Sharpe was also Vice Chair of the Policy Forum. He has worked to promote voluntary involvement in senior levels of the Conservative Party's organisation.

### Parliamentary career

Sharpe was nominated for a Life Peerage in the 2020 Political Honours by Prime Minister Boris Johnson. He was created Baron Sharpe of Epsom on 15 September and introduced to the House of Lords on 12 October. He made his maiden speech on 16 December 2020. He was appointed to the front bench in October 2021 in Johnson's Reshuffle.
Prominently, Sharpe piloted the Illegal Migration Act 2023 and the Safety of Rwanda (Asylum and Immigration) Act 2024 through the Lords for the Government.
# Amphidromus areolatus

Amphidromus areolatus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Camaenidae.

## Distribution

Distribution of Amphidromus areolatus include Attapeu Province and Champasak Province in southern Laos.

## Ecology

Amphidromus areolatus lives in dry dipterocarp forests.
# Zagon (river)

The Zagon is a left tributary of the river Covasna in Romania. It flows into the Covasna in Boroșneu Mare. Its length is 21 km (13 mi) and its basin size is 105 km$^2$ (41 sq mi).
# Knight (playing card)

A knight or cavalier is a playing card with a picture of a man riding a horse on it. It is a standard face or court card in Italian and Spanish packs where it is usually referred to as the 'knight' in English, the caballo in Spanish or the cavallo in Italian. It ranks between the knave and the king within its suit; therefore, it replaces the queen, nonexistent in these packs.
The card also features in tarot and tarock packs. In French-suited tarot packs it is usually called the 'cavalier' in English, the chevalier in French or the Cavall or Reiter in German. and ranks between the jack and the queen.
Knights do not appear in German or Swiss playing cards; their place being occupied by an upper knave card called the Ober. One exception is the Württemberg pattern where the Obers are seen riding on horses. This depiction was inspired by Cego tarot decks during the 19th century.

## History

In the original Mamluk Egyptian deck, there were three court cards called the malik (king), the nā'ib malik (viceroy or deputy king), and the thānī nā'ib (second or under-deputy). The latter two were transformed into the knight and the knave when playing cards entered southern Europe. The knave is often depicted as a foot soldier or squire to the knight. Many early tarot decks had added female ranks into the face cards including the Cary-Yale deck which added queens, mounted ladies, and maids as counterparts to the males. While mounted ladies and maids faded away or survive in minor regional patterns like the Tarocco Siciliano, knights were dropped in favour of queens in non-tarot French decks. In the Spanish suited Aluette pattern found in Brittany and the Vendée, knights have an androgynous appearance.

## In Unicode

The knights are included in the Playing Cards:
* U+1F0AC 🂬 PLAYING CARD KNIGHT OF SPADES
* U+1F0BC 🂼 PLAYING CARD KNIGHT OF HEARTS
* U+1F0CC 🃌 PLAYING CARD KNIGHT OF DIAMONDS
* U+1F0DC 🃜 PLAYING CARD KNIGHT OF CLUBS
# Pediasia aridelloides

Pediasia aridelloides is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Stanisław Błeszyński in 1965. It is found in Turkey.
# French ship Bordelois

Bordelois was a 56-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. She was funded by a don des vaisseaux donation from the city of Bordeaux, and built by engineer Léon Guignace on a design by Antoine Groignard. Complete too late to serve in the Seven Years' War, she was razéed into a frigate and used as an East Indiaman. She was rebuilt into a frigate to serve in the War of American Independence. Captured by HMS Romney, she was brought into British service as HMS Artois.

## Career

Bordelois was commissioned in July 1763 under Captain Charles de Cornick-Duchène, arriving in Rochefort on 6 September after the end of the Seven Years' War. In 1768, she was razéed to a large frigate, while her spare timber was used to rebuild Ferme.
From 1776 to 1778, Bordelois was used as an East Indiaman, after which she became a hulk in Lorient.
In 1779, on the background of the Franco-American alliance, Bordelois was sold and razéed into a 40-gun frigate; her refitting having been financed by the States of Artois, she was renamed to États d'Artois . She entered drydock in June 1779, to be launched in January 1780 and commissioned in May 1780.
On 1 July 1780 Artois was captured by HMS Romney, and brought into British service as HMS Artois.
She participated in the Battle of Dogger Bank. "Artois was the finest frigate then known; had 28 18-pounders on her main deck with in addition to her complement of guns, heavy carronades on the quarterdeck and forecastle; Manned by 300 men".$^{:47}$
# Amphidromus arlingi

Amphidromus arlingi is a species of air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.

## Distribution

This species is recorded in Vietnam.

## Habitat

Tree dwellers.

## Etymology

This species is named after Nico Arling.

## Subspecies

There are two subspecies of Amphidromus arlingi:
* Amphidromus arlingi arlingi Thach, 2017
* Amphidromus arlingi daklakensis Thach, 2017
# Machhagaon

Machhagaon a village in Jagatsinghpur district, Odisha, India. It is connected by state high-way from Cuttack. The village is about 26 km from district headquarters of Jagatsinghpur and is well connected by State highway. Machhagaon (meaning village of fish) is situated on the bank of the Devi River and has traditionally been a business and fish centre.
# June Reinisch

June Machover Reinisch (born 1943) is an American psychologist who has helped advance the public's general knowledge of human sexual activity. From 1982 to 1993, she was director of the Kinsey Institute at Indiana University. Her research at the Institute focused on sexual and psychosexual development. She has published more than 100 scientific papers in such journals as Science, Nature, JAMA, American Psychologist, Hormones and Behavior, MMWR, JPSP, Archives of Internal Medicine, and the British and American Journals or Psychiatry.

## Biography

Reinisch was born and raised in New York City. Her mother was a librarian and her father was a U.S. naval officer serving as Fire Chief and Head Security Officer of the Panama Canal Zone during World War II under Admiral Kingman. He also served as Head of Regional Counter Intelligence for Central and South America and as a lieutenant in the New York City Fire Department. She received her B.Sc. in psychology from New York University, her M.A. from Columbia University Teachers College in 1966, and her Ph.D. in developmental psychology from Columbia University. Prior to returning to graduate school, she was Vice President of Publicity and Promotion for Daedalus Productions, which managed Sly and the Family Stone and Peaches & Herb. She managed The Cafe Au Go Go on Bleecker Street in Greenwich Village, New York, and was the East Coast representative for Bishop Industries including Joseph Marshall wigs, Plus White Plus toothpaste, and Hazel Bishop makeup. Reinisch taught Intro to Psychology for a time at Rutgers University New Brunswick campus in the early 1980s.

## Kinsey Institute

June Reinisch became the new director of the Kinsey Institute in 1982. She changed its name to "The Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction". From 1984 to 1993, the newly named institute produced “The Kinsey Report", an internationally syndicated newspaper column, which she wrote three times a week. Reinisch's directorship also saw the creation of a monographic series, The Kinsey Institute Series, with the publication of Masculinity/Femininity resulting from multidisciplinary seminars sponsored by the institute. Additionally, in 1990 the establishment of the institute's art gallery led to exhibitions featuring its art collection. The next year a trade book aimed at popular audiences, The Kinsey Institute New Report on Sex: What you must know to be Sexually Literate, was released.
# Zagacie

Zagacie may refer to the following places:
* Zagacie, Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Zagacie, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Zagacie, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Zagacie, Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland)
# Kirsten Michaelsen

Kirsten Michaelsen (born 16 June 1943) is a retired Danish swimmer. She competed at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics in the 100 m backstroke event, but failed to reach the finals.
# Koalib

Koalib may refer to:
* Koalib people
* Koalib language
# 39th Field Artillery Regiment

U.S. Field Artillery Regiments :
| Previous | Next |
| 38th Field Artillery | 40th Field Artillery |
The 39th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army.

## Lineage

Constituted in the National Army as the 39th Field Artillery and assigned to the 13th Division, 5 July 1918.

## Distinctive unit insignia

* Description
A Gold color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Gules, issuing from base a phoenix Or rising from flames Proper. Attached below the shield a Red scroll inscribed "CELERITAS IN CONFICIENDO" in Gold letters.
* Symbolism
The shield is red for Artillery. The fabulous bird, the phoenix, symbolizes the reactivation and restoration of the organization.
* Background
The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 39th Field Artillery Battalion on 25 February 1941. It was redesignated for the 39th Artillery Regiment on 26 November 1958. The insignia was redesignated for the 39th Field Artillery Regiment on 1 September 1971.

## Coat of arms

* Blazon
* Shield
Gules, issuing from base a phoenix Or rising from flames Proper.
* Crest
On a wreath of the colors Or and Gules, in front of a cloud Argent an isosceles triangle Sable and a war mace palewise the staff counterchanged and the head with six spikes Azure charged with a crescent of the first all surmounted in base by four arrowheads in pile conjoined at the point Gold. Motto CELERITA IN CONFICIENDO (Speed in Action).
** Symbolism
* Shield
The shield is red for Artillery. The fabulous bird, the phoenix, symbolizes the reactivation and restoration of the organization.
* Crest
The war mace, from the arms of Colmar in Northern France, commemorates the organization's most distinguished war service. The head of the mace is blue in reference to the color of the Distinguished Unit Citation streamer awarded for that action. The six spikes of the mace stand for the organization's six unit decorations. The crescent alludes to the location of the unit's first service under fire – Algeria-French Morocco. The four arrowheads are for four assault landings. The cloud and the radiating arrowheads simulate a burst of artillery fire. The black triangle represents the armament area in North Korea known as the "Iron Triangle" during the Korean War. It commemorates the organization's action in that locality.
* Background
The coat of arms was originally approved for the 39th Field Artillery Battalion on 25 February 1941. It was redesignated for the 39th Artillery Regiment on 26 November 1958. It was amended to add a crest on 23 June 1965. The insignia was redesignated for the 39th Field Artillery Regiment on 1 September 1971.

## Current configuration

* 1st Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
* 2nd Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
* 3rd Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
* 4th Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
* 5th Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
* 6th Battalion 39th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
# Jean Raoux

Jean Raoux (1677 – 10 February 1734), French painter, was born at Montpellier.
After the usual course of training he became a member of the Academy in 1717 as an historical painter. His reputation had been previously established by the acclaimed decorations executed during his three years in Italy on the palace of Giustiniani Solini in Venice, and by some easel paintings, the Four Ages of Man (National Gallery), commissioned by the grand prior of Vendôme. To this latter class of subject Raoux devoted himself, refusing to paint portraits except in character.
The list of his works is a long series of sets of the Seasons, of the Hours, of the Elements, or of those scenes of amusement and gallantry in the representation of which he was immeasurably surpassed by his younger rival Watteau. After his stay in England (1720) he lived much in the Temple, where he decorated several rooms. He died in Paris in 1734. His best pupils were Chevalier and Montdidier. His works were much engraved by Poilly, Moyreau, Dupuis, etc.

## Gallery

* L'indiscrète (1728)
* Jeune femme lisant une lettre II
* Jeune fille qui fait voler un oiseau (1717)
* Jeune fille au collier de perles
* Vestal Virgin
* Les petites musiciennes
* Pygmalion amoureux de sa statue (1717)
* L'origine du peinture Dibutades Tracing the Portrait of her Lover
* Mademoiselle Prévost, Bacchante
* Orpheus and Eurydice (c. 1718–1720)
* Antique Virgins (Left, 1727) and Moderne Virgins (right, 1728)
# Anamalaia

Anamalaia is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Anamalaia nathani, which is found in India.
# June Rae Wood

June Rae Wood is an American author. One of her books, The Man Who Loved Clowns, won the Mark Twain Award and William Allen White Award in 1995.

## Early life

June Rae Wood grew up in Versailles, Missouri, with seven siblings. Her brother, Richard, who had Down syndrome, was her inspiration for The Man Who Loved Clowns. June's other brothers and sisters had to protect Richard from other people who would be mean to him. Many people would laugh and stare, but Richard thought this was a compliment.
# Zamia lecointei

Zamia lecointei is a species of plant in the family Zamiaceae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Justin Rosenberg

Justin Rosenberg is a professor in International Relations at the University of Sussex. He received his PhD from the London School of Economics in 1993 with a thesis titled Social structures and geopolitical systems: A critique of the Realist theory of International Relations. Within academia, Rosenberg is associated with "New Marxist" international relations theory. His first book, The Empire of Civil Society (1994) formed a Marxist critique of Realist and Neo-Realist theories of International Relations. He has since changed his view of the relation of domestic and international factors as part of his move towards a theory of Uneven and combined development.
# 39th Filmfare Awards South

The 39th Filmfare Awards South Ceremony honouring the winners of the best of South Indian cinema in 1991 is an event held on 31 March 1993 along with Bollywood Filmfare Awards was an event held at the Bombay City.

## Awards
### Main awards
#### Kannada cinema

| Best Film | Best Director |
| Gauri Ganesha | Lokesh - Bhujangayyana Dashavatara |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
| Anant Nag- Gauri Ganesha | Malashri - Hrudaya Haadithu |
| Best Music Director |
| Hamsalekha - Ramachaari |

#### Malayalam cinema

| Best Film | Best Director |
| Perumthachan | Sibi Malayil - Bharatham |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
| Mammootty - Amaram | Amala - Ulladakkam |
| Best Music Director |
| Raveendran - Bharatham |

#### Tamil cinema

| Best Film | Best Director |
| Chinna Thambi | Mani Ratnam -Thalapathi |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
| Kamal Haasan - Guna | Gautami -Nee Pathi Naan Pathi |
| Best Music Director |
| Ilaiyaraja - Thalapathi |

#### Telugu cinema

| Best Film | Best Director |
| Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu | Kranthi Kumar - Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu |
| Best Actor | Best Actress |
| Akkineni Nageswara Rao- Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu | Sridevi- Kshana Kshanam |
| Best Music Director |
| M. M. Keeravani - Kshana Kshanam |

## Awards presentation

* Vishwa Sagar (Best Film Kannada) Received Award from Govind Nihalani
* G. Jayakumar (Best Film Malayalam) Received Award from Ashok Thakeria
* K. Balu (Best Film Tamil) Received Award from Umesh Mehra
* Lokesh (Best Director Kannada) Received Award from Bindu
* Kranthi Kumar (Best Director Telugu) Received Award from Asha Sachdev
* Mani Ratnam (Best Director Tamil) Received Award from Jaya Bachchan
* Mukul Anand Received Amala Award (Best Actress Malayalam) from Ashwini Bhave
* Malashri (Best Actress Kannada) Received Award from Poonam Dhillon
* Sridevi (Best Actress Telugu) Received Award from Madhuri Dixit
* Gautami (Best Actress Tamil) Received Award from Aamir Khan
* Mammootty (Best Actor Malayalam) Received Award from Rekha
* Mukul Anand Received Akkineni Nageswara Rao Award (Best Actor Telugu) from Anupam Kher
* Kamal Haasan (Best Actor Tamil) Received Award from Juhi Chawla
# Sadie and Ratz

Sadie and Ratz is a 2008 chapter book by Sonya Hartnett. It is about Hannah, a girl who finds it difficult to adjust to a little baby brother.

## Reception

The Horn Book Magazine, in its review of Sadie and Ratz, wrote "This tale of temper and self-control, told in the first person, is more psychologically sophisticated than is usually found in an early chapter book, but the sensitive drawings and clever book design add significantly to the emotional clarity of Hannah's journey." and included it in their 2012 Summer reading list.
Sadie and Ratz had also been reviewed by Booklist (starred review), School Library Journal, Kirkus Reviews (starred review and a 2012 Best Book), Publishers Weekly, the Journal of Children's Literature, and The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books.
It is a 2009 shortlisted Patricia Wrightson Prize for Children's Literature book, a 2012 School Library Journal Best Book, a 2013 National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Notable Children's Book, a 2013 USBBY Outstanding International Book, and a 2013 Childrens and Young Adult Bloggers' Literary Awards (Cybils) Early Chapter Book winner.
# Yengisogat

The Yengisogat range (音苏盖提), also known as the Wesm Mountains, is a Chinese subrange of the Karakoram mountain range. It lies north of the Baltoro Muztagh, home of the eight-thousanders of the Karakoram. The highest peak is Huangguan Shan, or Crown Peak, 7,265 m (23,835 ft) (also sometimes given as 7,295 m/23,934 ft).
# Anamalai Block

Anamalai block is a revenue block of Coimbatore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. This revenue block consist of 19 panchayat villages.

## List of Panchayat Villages

They are,
| SI.No | Panchayat Village |
| 1 | Angalakurichi |
| 2 | Arthanaripalayam |
| 3 | Authupollachi |
| 4 | Divansapudur |
| 5 | Jallipatti |
| 6 | Kaliapuram |
| 7 | Kambalapatti |
| 8 | Kariyanchettipalayam |
| 9 | M.G.Pudur |
| 10 | Periapodu |
| 11 | Pethanaickenur |
| 12 | Pilchinnampalayam |
| 13 | Ramanamudalipdr |
| 14 | Somandurai |
| 15 | Subbegoundenpdr |
| 16 | Thathur |
| 17 | Thenchittur |
| 18 | Thensangampalayam |
| 19 | V.K.Nagoor |