OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Soft updates

Soft updates is an approach to maintaining file system metadata integrity in the event of a crash or power outage. Soft updates work by tracking and enforcing dependencies among updates to file system metadata. Soft updates are an alternative to the more commonly used approach of journaling file systems.

## Method of operation

Soft updates allow only asynchronous metadata writes that do not render the on-disk file system inconsistent, or that the only inconsistency that ever happens is a storage space leak (space marked allocated when not used by any file). It avoids having to do ordered synchronous metadata writes by temporarily "rolling back" any part of a metadata block that depends on another potentially non-flushed or partially rolled-back block when writing it.
In effect, blocks may be flushed at any time and the soft updates code will always provide the disk a consistent version of the metadata (as long as it knows which blocks have physically been flushed). Recovery then simply becomes a matter of running a background walk of the file system when it is next mounted to garbage collect any allocated space that has been orphaned. This also permits the file system to selectively flush certain files without having to flush all metadata blocks or all of the records.
Data that is unlinked from the metadata dependency graph before writing it to disk has begun, does not need to be written to disk at all. For example, creating a file, using it for a short period of time, and then deleting it may cause no disk activity at all.
Soft updates require periodic flushing of the metadata to nonvolatile storage.

## Implementations

FreeBSD supports soft updates for the UFS file system and they have been enabled by default during installation for many years. Soft updates are manually enabled or disabled during file system creation with an option to the newfs command. They can be disabled or enabled anytime thereafter with an option to the tunefs command. FreeBSD 9.0 introduced a journaling supplement to soft updates for the purpose of eliminating a background fsck for garbage collection after a crash. However, enabling journaling on a file system with soft updates disables the ability to make file system snapshots. This may cause issues when file systems are dumped with the -L option, as snapshots are used to guarantee file system coherency during the dump.
OpenBSD supported soft updates for the FFS file system until the release 7.4 (2023), at which time it was disabled.
NetBSD supported soft updates until the 6.0 release (2012) at which time it was deprecated in favor of WAPBL journaling.

## Comparison to journaling file systems

Neither journaling nor soft updates guarantees that no data will be lost, but they do make sure that the file system remains consistent.
An advantage of a file system with soft updates is that it can be mounted immediately after a crash, since there is no log replay.
# 2018 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships – Women's C-1 5000 metres

The women's C-1 5000 metres competition at the 2018 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Montemor-o-Velho took place at the Centro de Alto Rendimento de Montemor-o-Velho.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
| Date | Time | Round |
| Sunday 26 August 2018 | 15:00 | Final |
All times are Western European Summer Time (UTC+1)

## Results

As a long-distance event, it was held as a direct final.
| Rank | Canoeist | Country | Time |
| | Laurence Vincent-Lapointe | Canada | 27:43.020 |
| | Annika Loske | Germany | 27:52.541 |
| | María Mailliard | Chile | 27:59.547 |
| 4 | Volha Klimava | Belarus | 28:11.793 |
| 5 | Xu Shixiao | China | 28:42.314 |
| 6 | Zsanett Lakatos | Hungary | 28:59.046 |
| 7 | María Corbera | Spain | 29:04.735 |
| 8 | Lucia Valová | Slovakia | 29:36.998 |
| 9 | Vanesa Tot | Croatia | 29:46.621 |
| 10 | Jana Ježová | Czech Republic | 30:04.560 |
| 11 | Josephine Bulmer | Australia | 30:36.179 |
| 12 | Ann Marie Armstrong | United States | 31:10.517 |
| 13 | Daniela Cociu | Moldova | 31:23.317 |
| 14 | Ana Rodrigues | Portugal | 31:42.785 |
| 15 | Law Ming | Hong Kong | 31:49.238 |
| – | Valdenice Conceição | Brazil | DNF |
| – | Sylwia Szczerbińska | Poland | DNF |
| – | Anggie Avegno | Ecuador | DNS |
| – | Clara Montesdeoca | Guatemala | DNS |
| – | Kseniia Kurach | Russia | DSQ |
# Keeping up with the Joneses (disambiguation)

"Keeping up with the Joneses" is an English idiom for trying to match the lifestyle of one's neighbors.
Keeping up with the Joneses may also refer to:

## Music

* Keepin' Up with the Joneses, a 1958 album by The Jones Brothers: Thad Jones, Hank Jones and Elvin Jones
* "Keepin' Up with the Joneses", a 1958 song by The Jones Brothers, the title track of the eponymous album Keepin' Up with the Joneses
* "Keepin' Up with the Joneses", a 1977 song by Little Feat off the album Time Loves a Hero
* "Keeping Up with the Joneses", a track from the Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade soundtrack

## Other uses

* Keeping Up with the Joneses (comics), a comic strip by Pop Momand that originated the phrase
* Keeping Up with the Joneses (film), a 2016 American film
* Keeping up with the Joneses (TV series), a 2010–2011 Australian reality series
# Abstract family of languages

In computer science, in particular in the field of formal language theory, an abstract family of languages is an abstract mathematical notion generalizing characteristics common to the regular languages, the context-free languages and the recursively enumerable languages, and other families of formal languages studied in the scientific literature.

## Formal definitions

A formal language is a set L for which there exists a finite set of abstract symbols Σ such that $L\subseteq \Sigma ^{*}$, where * is the Kleene star operation.
A family of languages is an ordered pair $(\Sigma ,\Lambda )$, where
* Σ is an infinite set of symbols;
* Λ is a set of formal languages;
* For each L in Λ there exists a finite subset $\Sigma _{1}\subseteq \Sigma$ such that $L\subseteq \Sigma _{1}^{*}$; and
* L ≠ Ø for some L in Λ.
A trio is a family of languages closed under homomorphisms that do not introduce the empty word, inverse homomorphisms, and intersections with a regular language.
A full trio, also called a cone, is a trio closed under arbitrary homomorphism.
A (full) semi-AFL is a (full) trio closed under union.
A (full) AFL is a (full) semi-AFL closed under concatenation and the Kleene plus.

## Some families of languages

The following are some simple results from the study of abstract families of languages.
Within the Chomsky hierarchy, the regular languages, the context-free languages, and the recursively enumerable languages are all full AFLs. However, the context sensitive languages and the recursive languages are AFLs, but not full AFLs because they are not closed under arbitrary homomorphisms.
The family of regular languages are contained within any cone (full trio). Other categories of abstract families are identifiable by closure under other operations such as shuffle, reversal, or substitution.

## Origins

Seymour Ginsburg of the University of Southern California and Sheila Greibach of Harvard University presented the first AFL theory paper at the IEEE Eighth Annual Symposium on Switching and Automata Theory in 1967.
# Winter, Fifth Avenue

Winter, Fifth Avenue is a black and white photograph taken by Alfred Stieglitz in 1893. The photograph was made at the corner of the Fifth Avenue and the 35th Street in New York. It was one of the first pictures that Stieglitz took using a more practical hand camera after his return from Europe.

## History and description

Stieglitz later wrote that this photograph was the result of a three-hour wait in a rather inclement snow storm: “In order to obtain pictures by means of the hand camera it is well to choose your subject, regardless of figures, and carefully study the lines and lighting. After having determined upon these watch the passing figures and await the moment in which everything is in balance; that is, satisfies your eye. This often means hours of patient waiting. My picture, ‘Fifth Avenue, Winter,’ is the result of a three hours’ stand during a fierce snow-storm on February 22nd, 1893, awaiting the proper moment. My patience was duly rewarded. Of course, the result contained an element of chance, as I might have stood there for hours without succeeding in getting the desired picture."
The picture depicts a carriage driving through a snowy urban landscape. The effect of the snow blurring gives the picture an impressionistic atmosphere. The picture was later wrongly dated by the author as having been taken on 22 February 1892, but it only could have been made the following year, on 22 February 1893, judging by the weather descriptions of both days.

## Public collections

There are prints of the picture at the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, the Museum of Modern Art, New York, The Minneapolis Institute of Arts, among other collections.
# Xing Qiyi

Xing Qiyi (Chinese: 邢其毅; pinyin: Xíng Qíyì; Wade–Giles: Hsing Ch'i-i) was a Chinese organic chemist who contributed to the total synthesis of bovine insulin, Xing is still well-known nowadays in China as the main editor of a highly-influential organic chemistry textbook. He was a member of China Democratic League since 1952.

## Early life and education

Xing received Chinese traditional private education in his childhood. In 1933, he graduated from Fu Jen Catholic University with a diploma in Chemistry. Xing did his postgraduate work at University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign under Roger Adams's guidance and obtained a doctorate degree in 1936. Later he went to University of Munich, conducting research on bufotoxins at Wieland's laboratory.

## Career

In 1937, Xing returned to China. He moved to Kunming since eastern China was occupied by Japanese invaders. There, he spent some efforts on the refining of Quinine. Then Xing joined the New Fourth Army as a teacher in its military medical school. Moreover, he assisted the army to product medicine.
In 1946, Xing went back to Beijing and accepted an appointment as a professor at Peking University.
In 1950s, Xing designed a new method to synthesize the chloramphenicol.
During 1964–65, Xing participated in the total synthesis of bovine insulin project, co-operating with Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences.
In 1980, Xing was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
During 1981–87, Xing focused on the activation methods for the carboxyl group in the peptide synthesis, and developed related chemical reagents.

## Personal life

Xing enjoyed collecting crafts relevant the tortoise.
Xing's father Duan (Chinese: 邢端) was a member of Hanlin Academy in the Late Qing dynasty, he once studied in Japan and used to be an officer at the Beiyang government. Xing's mother, Zhang Xian (Chinese: 張嫻), was a housewife. Xing and his wife Qian Cunrou (simplified Chinese: 钱存柔; traditional Chinese: 錢存柔), a microbiologist, had two sons.
# Lay Down Your Guns

"Lay Down Your Guns" is a song by Australian rock musician, Jimmy Barnes. It was released in July 1990 as the lead single from Barnes' fourth studio album, Two Fires. It reached #4 on the Australian ARIA charts.

## Track listing

CD Single (D10133)/ 7" single (K 10133)
* "Lay Down Your Guns"
* "Broken Hearts"

## Charts

"Lay Down Your Guns" debuted at #9 in Australia, before peaking at number 4.

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1990) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 4 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 12 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1990) | Position |
| ARIA Singles Chart | 23 |
| Australian Artist Singles Chart | 4 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 44 |

### Sales and certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# John Ovens

John Ovens (1788 – 7 December 1825) was an Irish-born soldier, civil engineer and explorer of Australia. He was aide-de-camp to Sir Thomas Brisbane, governor of New South Wales and explored the Murrumbidgee River and Monaro (New South Wales) district with Capt. Mark Currie.

## Life and career

Ovens was born in St Catherine, Fermanagh, Ireland and joined the 73rd (Perthshire) Regiment of Foot of the British Army in 1808. He travelled with the regiment in 1810 to the colony of New South Wales. He returned to England in October 1811 and soon transferred to the 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot under Thomas Brisbane.
Ovens returned to New South Wales when Brisbane was appointed governor and was made acting chief engineer. Brisbane employed Ovens as his private secretary and promoted him to major. In October 1825 Ovens assisted John Oxley to survey Twofold Bay in New South Wales.
Ovens died at his residence and was accorded a grand funeral with regimental cortege and honours.

## Legacy

The Ovens River, the town of Ovens, Victoria and the submarine HMAS Ovens were named after him. Also Ovens wattle, Acacia pravissima.
# Albania at the World Athletics Championships

Albania has competed at the IAAF World Athletics Championships on fifteen occasions, and did not send a delegation for the 1987 edition. Its competing country code is ALB. The country has not won any medals at the competition and as of 2017 no Albanian athlete has reached the top eight of an event. Its best performance is by Mirela Manjani, who placed twelfth in the 1995 women's javelin throw final. Manjani later won two gold medals competing for Greece.
# Kum-song

Kum-song, also spelled Geum-seong, is a Korean unisex given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 14 hanja with the reading "Kum" and 27 hanja with the reading "Song" on South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be used in given names. One common pair of hanja used to write this name (金城) mean "golden castle".
People with this name include:
* Chang Kum-song (1977–2006), niece of North Korean leader Kim Jong-il
* Ri Kum-song (born 1980), North Korean male marathon runner
* Hwang Kum-song, North Korean swimmer, participant in Synchronized swimming at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's team
* Seok Geum-seong, South Korean actress, recipient of the 1983 Special Achievement Award in the Korean Association of Film Critics Awards
# Winter's Tale (horse)

Winter's Tale (1976–2002) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse.

## Background

Winter's Tale was bred by owner Paul Mellon. His sire was U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Arts and Letters, a son of a European superstar, the undefeated runner and British Champion sire Ribot. His dam, Christmas Wind, was a Canadian daughter of E. P. Taylor's sire Nearctic, the sire of Northern Dancer. He was conditioned for racing by Hall of Fame trainer MacKenzie Miller,

## Racing career

Winter's Tale began racing at age three in 1979 and, because he was a gelding, continued to race through age seven. In 1980, he won many of the top dirt races for older horses in the pre-Breeders' Cup era. At Belmont Park, he began a three-race win streak with a record seven and three-quarter length victory in the June 15 Nassau County Handicap. Then, in what the New York Times headlined as a "Most Perfect Ride", jockey Jeffrey Fell rode Winter's Tale to victory in the July 4, 1980, Suburban Handicap, also at Belmont. He then won the July 19th Brooklyn Handicap and although he suffered shin problems, in September Winter's Tale earned his eighth win from eleven career starts with a victory in the Marlboro Cup at Belmont Park.
In 1983, at age seven, Winter's Tale won his second Nassau County Handicap and his second Suburban Handicap.

## Retirement

Winter's Tale was retired from racing to Paul Mellon's farm in Virginia, where he died in 2002 at age twenty-six.
# Xihe

Xihe is the atonal pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of various Chinese names.
It may refer to:

## Mythology

* Xihe (deity) (Chinese: 羲和), a Chinese solar deity

## Science

* Chinese H-alpha Solar Explorer, or Xihe, a solar observatory

## Places

* Xihe Commentary (西河郡), a former commentary of imperial China around Fenyang, Shanxi
* Xihe District (细河区), a district in Fuxin, Liaoning, China
* Xihe County (西和县), a county in Gansu, China
* HD 173416 (star), Constellation Lyra; a G8-type giant star; named after the Chinese solar deity

### Towns

* Xihe, Chongqing (西河), in Tongliang County, Chongqing, China
* Xihe, Yongjing County (西河), in Yongjing County, Gansu, China
* Xihe, Dabu County (西河), in Dabu County, Guangdong, China
* Xihe, Shaoguan (西河), in Wujiang District, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
* Xihe, Guangxi (西河), in Mengshan County, Guangxi, China
* Xihe, Heilongjiang (西河), in Keshan County, Heilongjiang, China
* Xihe, Suizhou (淅河镇), in Zengdu District, Suizhou, Hubei, China
* Xihe, Xiaogan (西河), in Xiaonan District, Xiaogan, Hubei, China
* Xihe, Hunan (西河), in Xinhua County, Hunan, China
* Xihe, Jiangsu (溪河), in Huai'an District, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
* Xihe, Jilin (溪河), in Shulan, Jilin, China
* Xihe, Shaanxi (西河), in Pingli County, Shaanxi, China
* Xihe, Shandong (西河), in Zichuan District, Zibo, Shandong, China
* Xihe, Chengdu (西河), in Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

### Townships

* Xihe Township, Guizhou (西河乡), in Meitan County, Guizhou, China
* Xihe Township, Fenyang (西河乡), in Fenyang, Shanxi, China
* Xihe Township, Yangcheng County (西河乡), in Yangcheng County, Shanxi, China
* Xihe Township, Nanbu County (西河乡), in Nanbu County, Sichuan, China
* Xihe Township, Xide County (西河乡), in Xide County, Sichuan, China
# Lazek

Lazek may refer to:
* Łazek, Poland
* Łążek (disambiguation)
# The Cat Is Out

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Cat Is Out is the title of the sixth studio album by the British singer-songwriter Judie Tzuke, released in June 1985.
Four singles were released from the album: "You" (UK #92), "I'll Be The One" (UK #97), "Love Like Fire" and "This Side of Heaven". The album itself peaked at no. 35 in the UK.

## Track listing
### Side one

* "How Sweet It Is" (Mike Paxman, Judie Tzuke) – 4:42
* "Who Do You Really Love?" (Paul Muggleton, Bob Noble) – 4:35
* "Love Like Fire" (Tzuke, Paxman) – 4:14
* "I'll Be the One" (Muggleton, Noble) – 5:01
* "Girl Without a Name" (Muggleton, Noble) – 3:58

### Side two

* "This Side of Heaven" (Paxman, Muggleton) – 5:30
* "Harbour Lights" (Paxman, Tzuke) – 5:40
* "You" (Ivy Jo Hunter, Jack Goga, Jeffrey Bowen) – 4:05
* "Falling" (Tzuke, Paxman) – 3:34
* "Racing Against Time" (Tzuke, Paxman, Muggleton) – 3:22

## Personnel
### Band members

* Judie Tzuke – vocals
* Mike Paxman – guitars, synths, backing vocals, producer
* Bob Noble – keyboards, producer
* Paul Muggleton – guitars, backing vocals, producer
* John "Rhino" Edwards – bass

### Additional musicians

* Andy Newmark – drums
* Andy Hamilton – saxophone
* Nigel Kennedy – violin
* Jaqi Robinson, Diane Wright – backing vocals

### Production

* Leigh Mantle – engineer, mixing
* Bob Parr – engineer on track 8
* John Hudson – mixing on track 8
* Aaron Chakraverty – mastering
* Brian Aris – cover photography
# 1811 in sports

1811 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

## Boxing

Events
* Tom Cribb retains his English championship, defeating American Tom Molineaux on 28 September in the 11th round of a highly anticipated return bout.

## Cricket

Events
* In time for the start of the 1811 season, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) reluctantly follows Thomas Lord to his new Middle Ground, the lease on the original Lord's Old Ground having expired. MCC are resident at the Middle Ground for the next three years.
* Only one first-class match is recorded as the Napoleonic War takes its toll of cricket's manpower and investment.
England
* Most runs – William Lambert 51
* Most wickets – Thomas Howard 8

## Horse racing

England
* 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Trophonius
* The Derby – Phantom
* The Oaks – Sorcery
* St. Leger Stakes – Soothsayer
# Andy Kolle

Andy Kolle alias Kaos (born April 27, 1982) is an American professional boxer.

## Professional career

Kolle made his professional debut with a third-round knockout win against Nick Whiting on March 6, 2004. In his professional career to date Kolle has notched wins against Matt Vanda (twice), Jonathan Reid, and Anthony Bonsante, while losing to Andre Ward, Paul Williams, Caleb Truax and Cerresso Fort.
# Kebedech Tekleab

Kebedech Tekleab (born 1958) is an Ethiopian painter, sculptor, and poet.
Tekleab attended the School of Fine Arts in Addis Ababa, becoming active in the student resistance movement during the revolution late in the 1970s. Fleeing Ethiopia, she became embroiled in the country's war with Somalia, being imprisoned in a labor camp for close to a decade. She was released in 1989 and emigrated to join the family in the United States, receiving her Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1992 and her Master of Fine Arts in 1995 from Howard University. She produced her Punishment Series of works as part of her thesis project "Humanity In Descent: Visual Images Of Human Suffering".
Tekleab has taught at SCAD Savannah College of Art and Design in Savannah, Georgia, and Howard University, in Washington, DC. She is currently teaching at The City University of New York, in New York City.
In 2001, Tekleab worked with Alexander Boghossian on a commission called Nexus for the Wall of Representation at the Embassy of Ethiopia in Washington, D.C. The work is an aluminum relief sculpture (365 x 1585 cm) mounted on the granite wall of the embassy. Nexus includes decorative motifs, patterns and symbols from Ethiopian religious traditions including Christianity, Judaism, Islam and other indigenous spiritual practices incorporating symbolic scrolls and forms representing musical instruments, utilitarian tools, and regional flora and fauna.
In 2003 Tekleab was among a number of significant Ethiopian artists exhibited in the Smithsonian National museum of African Art's Ethiopian Passages exhibition in Washington D.C., USA. Other artists included were Aida Muluneh and Elizabeth Atnafu.
# Ivana Bašić (artist)

Ivana Bašić (Serbian Cyrillic: Ивана Башић; born 1986 in Belgrade) is a Serbian artist living and working in New York.
Bašić specializes in sculpture blending various materials, including wax, glass, stainless steel, alabaster and oil paint
, as well as immaterial elements such as torque, breath, weight, rigidity and pressure. Her work addresses the vulnerability and transformation of the human form and its matter
Bašić’s work has been included in shows curated by Nicolas Bourriaud and at Andrea Rosen Gallery, as well as in Chrissie Iles’ milestone exhibition Dreamlands: Immersive Cinema and Art, 1905-2016 Her work is in the permanent collection of the Whitney Museum of American Art.

## Professional history
### Solo shows

* Ivana Bašić 'Throat wanders down the blade..', Annka Kultys Gallery, London (2016)

### Group shows

* Primary Detectives, Marlborough Contemporary, London (2019)
* Unquestionable Optimism at the Barn, Johannes Vogt Gallery, East Hampton (2017)
* Group Show '] [' (organised with Damian Griffiths), Annka Kultys Gallery, London (2017)
* Group Show 'Zero Zero' (curated by Molly Soda, Arvida Byström, Ada Rajkovic), Annka Kultys Gallery, London (2016)
* In the Flesh, Part II: Potential Adaptations curated by Courtney Malick, Nina Johnson, Miami (2016)

### Fair booths

* Michael Valinsky + Gabrielle Jensen at SPRING/BREAK Art Show, 2016, Michael Valinsky + Gabrielle Jensen (2016)
# 1911 Chattanooga Moccasins football team

The 1911 Chattanooga Moccasins football team represented the University of Chattanooga as an independent during the 1911 college football season. It completed its five-game schedule with a record of 3–2.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 23 | at Rome Athletic Club | Rome, GA | L 5–15 |
| November 11 | Rome Athletic Club | Chamberlain FieldChattanooga, TN | W 16–0 |
| November 18 | South Pittsburg Athletic Club | Chamberlain FieldChattanooga, TN | W 12–0 |
| November 20 | at Sewanee "B" team | Sewanee, TN | L 0–5 |
| November 27 | Sewanee "B" team | Chamberlain FieldChattanooga, TN | W 17–5 |