OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Photoinduced electron transfer

Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) is an excited state electron transfer process by which an excited electron is transferred from donor to acceptor. Due to PET a charge separation is generated, i.e., redox reaction takes place in excited state (this phenomenon is not observed in Dexter electron transfer).

## Breadth

Such materials include semiconductors that can be photoactivated like many solar cells, biological systems such as those used in photosynthesis, and small molecules with suitable absorptions and redox states.

## Process

It is common to describe where electrons reside as electron bands in bulk materials and electron orbitals in molecules. For the sake of expedience the following description will be described in molecular terms. When a photon excites a molecule, an electron in a ground state orbital can be excited to a higher energy orbital. This excited state leaves a vacancy in a ground state orbital that can be filled by an electron donor. It produces an electron in a high energy orbital which can be donated to an electron acceptor. In these respects a photoexcited molecule can act as a good oxidizing agent or a good reducing agent.
    Photoinduced oxidation
    [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$ + hν → [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$*
    [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$* + donor → [ML$_n$]$^+$ + donor$^+$
    Photoinduced reduction
    [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$ + hν → [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$*
    [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$* + acceptor → [ML$_n$]$^{3+}$ + acceptor$^−$
The end result of both reactions is that an electron is delivered to an orbital that is higher in energy than where it previously resided. This is often described as a charge separated electron-hole pair when working with semiconductors.
In the absence of a proper electron donor or acceptor it is possible for such molecules to undergo ordinary fluorescence emission. The electron transfer is one form of photoquenching.

## Subsequent processes

In many photo-productive systems this charge separation is kinetically isolated by delivery of the electron to a lower energy conductor attached to the p/n junction or into an electron transport chain. In this case some of the energy can be captured to do work. If the electron is not kinetically isolated thermodynamics will take over and the products will react with each other to regenerate the ground state starting material. This process is called recombination and the photon's energy is released as heat.
    Recombination of photoinduced oxidation
    [ML$_n$]$^+$ + donor$^+$ → [ML$_n$]$^{2+}$ + donor

## Potential induced photon production

The reverse process to photoinduced electron transfer is displayed by light emitting diodes (LED) and chemiluminescence, where potential gradients are used to create excited states that decay by light emission.
# Johnny Traill

John Arthur Edward Traill (1882–1958) was the first Irish–Argentine 10-goal polo player.
He was born in 1882. He married Henrietta Margaret, from Scotland, and they had children John and James.
Traill owned a ranch in Argentina and imported polo ponies for the Roehampton Club, training them in Richmond Park. He was also a coach at Ham Polo Club when it was revived by Billy Walsh. His name appears as winner of the Roehampton Trophy several times, alongside teammates such as the Marquess of Villavieja, Jack Nelson and Major Philip Magor.
Traill won the Argentine Open ten times during his career.
He died in 1958.
# José Alberto Azeredo Lopes

José Alberto de Azeredo Lopes (born 20 June 1961) is a Portuguese politician who served as Minister of National Defence from November 2015 to October 2018.
Azeredo Lopes previously served as the president of the Regulatory Authority for the Media and was a law professor at the Catholic University of Portugal. He announced his resignation as National Defence Minister on 12 October 2018 amid an investigation into a theft of weapons from a military base, and was succeeded by João Gomes Cravinho on 15 October 2018. In 2019, he was brought to trial over his alleged role in a suspected army cover-up of a theft of grenades, anti-tank rockets, other explosives and ammunition from a military arms depot in 2017; he himself has repeatedly denied any wrongdoing.
# Ladda plancus

Ladda plancus is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Peru and Bolivia.
# Louisiana's 18th State Senate district

Louisiana's 18th State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Republican Eddie Lambert since 2016.

## Geography

District 18 covers parts of Ascension, Livingston, and St. James Parishes to the east of Baton Rouge, including some or all of Gonzales, Sorrento, Prairieville, Killian, and Lutcher.
The district overlaps with Louisiana's 2nd and 6th congressional districts, and with the 58th, 59th, 81st, 88th, and 95th districts of the Louisiana House of Representatives.

## Recent election results

Louisiana uses a jungle primary system. If no candidate receives 50% in the first round of voting, when all candidates appear on the same ballot regardless of party, the top-two finishers advance to a runoff election.

### 2019

2019 Louisiana State Senate election, District 18 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Eddie Lambert (incumbent) | Unopposed | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | Unopposed | 100 |

### 2015

2015 Louisiana State Senate election, District 18 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Eddie Lambert | Unopposed | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | Unopposed | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2011

2011 Louisiana State Senate election, District 18 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Jody Amedee (incumbent) | Unopposed | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | Unopposed | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### Federal and statewide results

| Year | Office | Results |
| 2020 | President | Trump 75.7–22.5% |
| 2019 | Governor (runoff) | Rispone 60.9–39.1% |
| 2016 | President | Trump 75.1–21.1% |
| 2015 | Governor (runoff) | Vitter 53.4–46.6% |
| 2014 | Senate (runoff) | Cassidy 73.0–27.0% |
| 2012 | President | Romney 75.3–22.8% |
# Jon Vickers (rugby union)

Jon Vickers (born 23 December 1988 in Bristol, England) is a rugby union player. He moved to Exeter Chiefs from fellow Premiership side Northampton Saints. He plays as a hooker but can also play both sides at prop.
Vickers moved from Exeter Chiefs to Plymouth Albion for the 2012-13 season. It was announced at the end of the 2012-13 season that Vickers would leave Plymouth for Championship rivals Nottingham.
# 1990 Pacific Cup

The 1990 Pacific Cup was the fifth edition of the Pacific Cup, a rugby league tournament held between Pacific teams. The tournament was hosted by Tonga and eventually won by Western Samoa, who defeated New Zealand Māori 26–18 in the final, a replay of the 1988 final.

## Squads

* The Australian Aborigines squad included Ricky Walford, Graham Lyons and Ron Gibbs.
* The New Zealand Māori squad included Dean Clark, Sean Hoppe, Jason Mackie and captain Kelly Shelford.
* The Friendly Islands side was made up mainly of local Tongan players.
* Western Samoa included Se'e Solomona, Tony Tatupu. Vae Afoa and Tony Tuimavave.

## Results
### Group A

| | Team | Pld | W | D | L | Pts |
| 1 | NZ Māori | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 2 | Australian Aborigines | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Papua New Guinea | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 4 | Friendly Islands | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
* 1990
| NZ Māori | 24 – 13 | Australian Aborigines |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Papua New Guinea | 16 – 14 | Friendly Islands |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| NZ Māori | 20 – 4 | Friendly Islands |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Australian Aborigines | 28 – 18 | Papua New Guinea |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| NZ Māori | 46 – 14 | Papua New Guinea |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Australian Aborigines | v | Friendly Islands |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga

### Group B

| | Team | Pld | W | D | L | Pts |
| 1 | Western Samoa | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| 2 | Tonga | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Tokelau | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 4 | Niue | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
* 1990
| Tokelau | 26 – 16 | Niue |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Western Samoa | 42 – 8 | Tonga |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Western Samoa | 66 – 8 | Tokelau |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Tonga | 58 – 4 | Niue |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Western Samoa | 52 – 2 | Niue |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| Tonga | 26 – 10 | Tokelau |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga

### Finals

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | NZ Māori | 32 | | | |
| 2 | Tonga | 20 | | | |
| 2 | Tonga | 20 | NZ Māori | NZ Māori | 18 |
| | | | Western Samoa | Western Samoa | 26 |
| 1 | Western Samoa | 26 | Western Samoa | Western Samoa | 26 |
| 2 | Australian Aboriginies | 22 | | | |

#### Semi-finals

* 1990
| Western Samoa | 26 – 22 | Australian Aboriginies |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
* 1990
| NZ Māori | 32 – 20 | Tonga |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga

#### Final

* 31 October 1990
| Western Samoa | 26 – 18 | NZ Māori |
* Nuku'alofa, Tonga
# Photoinduced phase transitions

Photoinduced phase transition is a technique used in solid-state physics. It is a process to the nonequilibrium phases generated from an equilibrium by shining on high energy photons, and the nonequilibrium phase is a macroscopic excited domain that has new structural and electronic orders quite different from the starting ground state (equilibrium phase).
# Ystad Djurpark

Ystad djurpark is a zoo 10 km northwest from the town Ystad, and is the most southern zoo in Sweden.
The zoo displays exotic animals from around the world and many different native breeds located by a large farmhouse (600 m2), as well as monkeys, lemurs, meerkats, birds and reptiles. In all, Ystad djurpark currently have around 60 different species. The zoo is closed in the wintertime, and open May 1 - September 30 (closed June 6 and 21).
New-borns in 2014 were: lemurs, bison, eland, mara, muntjac, wallaby as well as cows, pigs, goats and sheep.
# Roseneath Theatre

Roseneath Theatre is a not-for-profit theatre specializing in work for Young Audiences (TYA) which is officed in downtown Toronto but tours its productions to schools grades JK-12 across the province of Ontario. They have also been to the far North of Canada, the United States and to parts of Europe and Asia. The company was founded in 1983 by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan, who served as co-artistic directors until 2002, when David S. Craig assumed the role singularly. David was succeeded by Andrew Lamb in 2010. Andrew is the current artistic director.
Originally managed by General Manager Susan Habkirk, Susan was succeeded in 1999 by Tim Jennings when Ms Habkirk assumed the mantle of executive director at Prologue to the Performing Arts. Mr Jennings acted as managing director from 2000 to 2008, when he left to take on the role of managing director at Seattle Children's Theatre (2008–2012) and later Children's Theatre Company in Minneapolis, MN (2011 – 2015 – a family theatre and the Shaw Festival (2015–present). Tim was succeeded by General Manager Natalie Ackers in 2008. Natalie is the current general manager.
Roseneath Theatre works with Canadian playwrights to develop plays which address issues of social justice and character development for young audiences. Roseneath Theatre works with talent from the Canadian Actor’s Equity Association. Directors have included Jim Warren, Richard Greenblatt, Greg Banks, and others. They were nominated for the 2012 Ontario Premier’s Award of Excellence in the Arts, they have also been nominated for 26 Dora Awards and have won 11. They have received the Chalmer's play award 3 times.

## Productions

Original Canadian works produced by Roseneath Theatre:
* Danny, King Of The Basement – by David S. Craig
* Dib And Dob And The Journey Home – by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan
* Get Yourself Home Skyler James – by Jordan Tannahill
* Head À Tête – by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan
* Health Class By Men – written and performed by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan
* Health Class By Women – by Martha Ross
* In This World – by Hannah Moscovitch
* Morgan’s Journey – written by Robert Morgan and David S. Craig
* Napalm The Magnificent: Dancing With The Dark – written and performed by David S. Craig
* Rocket And The Queen Of Dreams – by David S. Craig
* Smokescreen – by David S. Craig
* Spirit Horse – by Greg Banks /adapted By Drew Hayden Taylor
* The Book Of Miracles – Written and performed by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan
* The Health Class – written and Performed by David S. Craig and Robert Morgan
* The Incredible Speediness Of Jamie Cavanaugh – by Chris Craddock
* The Neverending Story – by David S. Craig
* Tough Case – by David S. Craig
* Wrecked – by Chris Craddock
# A. hesperidum

A. hesperidum may refer to:
* Alicyclobacillus hesperidum, a Gram-positive bacterium
* Amitus hesperidum, a species of wasp
# Louisiana's 20th State Senate district

Louisiana's 20th State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Republican Mike Fesi since 2020, succeeding fellow Republican Norby Chabert.

## Geography

District 20 is located in Lafourche and Terrebonne Parishes along the Gulf of Mexico, including some or all of Thibodaux, Lockport, Cut Off, Golden Meadow, Houma, Dulac, and Chauvin.
The district overlaps with Louisiana's 1st and 6th congressional districts, and with the 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, and 55th districts of the Louisiana House of Representatives.

## Recent election results

Louisiana uses a jungle primary system. If no candidate receives 50% in the first round of voting, when all candidates appear on the same ballot regardless of party, the top-two finishers advance to a runoff election.

### 2019

2019 Louisiana State Senate election, District 20 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Mike Fesi | 15,546 | 54.5 |
| | Republican | Damon Baldone | 5,162 | 18.1 |
| | Democratic | Jerry "Truck" Gisclair | 4,070 | 14.3 |
| | Democratic | Brenda Leroux Babin | 2,785 | 9.8 |
| | Republican | Shane Swan | 974 | 3.4 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 28,537 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2015

2015 Louisiana State Senate election, District 20 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Norby Chabert (incumbent) | 11,921 | 51.1 |
| | Republican | Mike Fesi | 9,944 | 42.6 |
| | Independent | Mark Atzenhoffer | 1,456 | 6.2 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 23,321 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2011

2011 Louisiana State Senate election, District 20 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Norby Chabert (incumbent) | Unopposed | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | Unopposed | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### Federal and statewide results

| Year | Office | Results |
| 2019 | Governor (runoff) | Rispone 79.7–18.9% |
| 2020 | President | Trump 59.7–37.8% |
| 2016 | President | Trump 77.1–19.9% |
| 2015 | Governor (runoff) | Vitter 58.9–41.1% |
| 2014 | Senate (runoff) | Cassidy 63.3–36.7% |
| 2012 | President | Romney 72.8–25.1% |
# Agassiceras

Agassiceras is a Lower Jurassic ammonite from the Sinemurian stage in Europe. Agassiceras belongs to the psiloceratacean family, Arietitidae, and is characterized by being compressed with a sharp venter and feeble straight ribs that may bifurcate near the umbilical edge.
# Reaching for the World

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Reaching for the World is the fifth album by American vocal group Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes. This, their debut album for the ABC Records label, was recorded in 1976 and released in 1977. This is the first album without Teddy Pendergrass, David Ebo was his replacement. Also joining the Blue Notes were Dwight Johnson and William Spratley. On release it reached #56 in the US Billboard 200 and #15 on the US R&B Charts. The lead single was "Reaching For The World" which reached #74 on the US Billboard 100 and #6 on the US R&B Charts. Then "After You Love Me, Why Do You Leave Me", featuring Sharon Paige, reached #102 in the US Billboard 100 and #15 on the US R&B Charts. Hostage Parts 1&2 was chosen as the final single, but failed to chart.

## Track listing

Side 1
* "Reaching for the World" (Derek Floyd) – 4:24
* "Where There’s a Will - There’s a Way" (Harold J. Melvin, Melvin Steele, Mervin Steele) – 4:04
* "After You Love Me, Why Do You Leave Me" (Harold J. Melvin, Kenny Gamble) – 4:42
* "Sandman" (Hubert V. Yarborough) – 4:25
Side 2
* "Hostage Part 1 & 2" (Hubert V. Yarborough) – 6:30
* "He Loves You and I Do Too" (Harold J. Melvin) – 3:37
* "Big Singing Star" (Harold J. Melvin) - 3:33
* "Stay Together" (John Whitehead, Gene McFadden, Victor Carstarphen) – 5:00

## Production

* Producer: Harold Melvin for Million Dollar Records
* Recorded at Sigma Sound Studios, Philadelphia
* Engineers: Jim Gallagher and Art Stoppe
* Assistant Engineers: Peter Humphreys, Jeffrey Stewart, Carla Bandini and Jim Dougherty
* Album Art Direction: Frank Mulvey and Earl Klasky
* Album Design: Stan Evenson
# The Return of José do Telhado

The Return of José do Telhado (Portuguese: A Volta de José do Telhado) is a 1949 Portuguese historical drama film directed by Armando de Miranda and starring Virgílio Teixeira as José do Telhado, a nineteenth century Portuguese bandit. Teixeira had previously played him in the 1945 film José do Telhado, which had also been directed by de Miranda.
The writers of this story are Manuel Guimarães, Gentil Marques, and Armando de Miranda.

## Partial cast

* Virgílio Teixeira as José do Telhado
* Eduardo Colombo
* Juvenal de Araújo
* Milú
# Rosenegg

Rosenegg may refer to:
* Rosenegg (mountain), a mountain of Baden-Württemberg, Germany
* Schloss Rosenegg, a schloss (castle) in Rosenegg, Fieberbrunn, Austria
# Ancaster Old Mill Road Race

Ancaster Old Mill Road Race, began in 1983 with a field of just 260 runners. By 2008, the race had expanded drastically since its beginning, with 2,000 runners competing. Since the beginning, Anton Plas has been the race organizer orchestrating the planning and executing of the Ancaster Old Mill Race. The race is generally situated on the Tuesday evening of the Heritage Celebration Days in Ancaster. Net proceeds from the race is donated to various local charities, including the Brain Tumour Foundation, McMaster University Children's Hospital, United Way of Burlington and Greater Hamilton, and other community based charities. The race features a 10 km and 5 km running race for all ages and abilities.
# John Miller (cricketer)

John Edward Augustus Riggs Miller (1770 – 2 August 1825) was an English first-class cricketer with amateur status who played for Old Etonians in one first-class match in 1791, totalling 9 runs with a highest score of 9.
Miller was born in Paris, the son of Sir John Riggs Miller and his wife Anna, Lady Miller. He succeeded to his father's baronetcy in May 1798.
# Kenneth Street

Kenneth Street may refer to:
* Kenneth Street (jurist) (1890–1972), Australian jurist
* Kenneth Street Jr. (1920–2006), American chemist
# Nelder (tree)

Nelder is a giant sequoia located within the Nelder Grove of Sequoia National Forest in California. It is the largest tree in Nelder Grove, the 23rd largest giant sequoia in the world, and could be considered the 22nd largest depending on how badly Ishi Giant atrophied during the Rough Fire in 2015.

## Description

Nelder is located 1,050 ft (320 m) northwest of a hairpin turn along "Graveyard of the Giants Trail" at the end of an unofficial branching trail. The base of the tree, much like the surrounding trees, was charred during the 2017 Railroad Fire.

## History

On July 3, 1859, naturalist Galen Clark, Judge John W. Fitzhugh, and journalist L.A. Holmes discovered the tree while on a hunting expedition in the area. In 1875, prospector-turned-hermit John A. Nelder built a cabin near the tree, which he considered to be the largest in the world. Nelder met naturalist John Muir later that same year, but when Muir measured the tree, he determined it to be smaller than the Grizzly Giant tree of Mariposa Grove. Nelder's tree, though narrower, was later found to be taller and more voluminous than the Grizzly Giant, making it the second largest giant sequoia in the region after the Washington tree of Mariposa Grove.

## Dimensions

| Height above base | 266.2 ft | 81.1 m |
| Circumference at ground | 90 ft | 27.4 m |
| Estimated bole volume | 34,993 cu ft | 991 m$^3$ |
# Saputra

Saputra is an Indonesian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Angga Saputro (born 1993), Indonesian footballer
* Dany Saputra (born 1991), Indonesian footballer
* Eko Roni Saputra (born 1991), Indonesian mixed martial artist
* Frendi Saputra (born 1992), Indonesian footballer
* Govinda Julian Saputra (born 1996), Indonesian basketball player
* Hanny Saputra (born 1965), Indonesian director
* Harry Saputra (born 1981), retired Indonesian footballer
* Hendri Saputra (born 1981), Indonesian-born Singaporean retired badminton player
* Herwin Tri Saputra (born 1991), Indonesian footballer
* Jimmi Saputra (born 1972), Indonesian technology entrepreneur and businessman
* Leo Saputra (born 1980), Indonesian footballer
* Miswar Saputra (born 1996), Indonesian footballer
* Nicholas Saputra (born 1984), Indonesian actor and film producer
* Ramadhan Saputra (born 1986), Indonesian footballer
* Rendi Saputra (born 1989), Indonesian footballer
* Rendy Saputra (born 1989), Indonesian footballer
* Riski Fajar Saputra (born 2000), Indonesian footballer
* Ruly Saputra (born 1988), Indonesian footballer
* Surya Saputra (born 1975), Indonesian actor, singer, and model
* Surya Saputra (wrestler) (born 1967), Indonesian wrestler
* Widya Saputra (born 1985), Indonesian TV presenter
* Yantoni Edy Saputra (born 1997), Indonesian male badminton player
# Zeynep Çelik

Zeynep Çelik may refer to:
* Zeynep Çelik (judoka), Turkish Paralympic judoka
* Zeynep Çelik (scholar), Turkish-born architect and architectural historian
# Lady Henrietta Hope

Lady Henrietta Hope (1750 – 1 January 1786) was a British benefactor from Scotland. She was a lifelong friend of chapel builder Willielma Campbell and Hope Chapel in Bristol is named after her.

## Life

Hope was born in Scotland. Her parents were Lady Anne (born Ogilvy) and John Hope. Her father was the second earl of Hopetoun. Her mother died when she was a child in 1759. She was from a family of eighteen children although nine of them were half-siblings.
It is said that she decided to become a devoted Christian during a rough crossing from Dover to Calais. She met Willielma Campbell in 1772 and they became good friends. In 1780 they visited London and they met Selina, Countess of Huntingdon.
Campbell spent her time building chapels. She bought a house in Matlock where she and Lady Hope moved to. It became a chapel in 1786. In 1784 they had visited the spa of Hotwells near Bristol where they decided to build a chapel. Hope died in Bristol on 1 January 1786, leaving £2,500 towards a chapel that Campbell agreed to complete. Campbell also died in 1786 so it was Campbell's executor, Lady Maxwell, who completed Hope Chapel that was named for her friend. It was located on Granby Hill in Bristol and it was opened in August 1788.