OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1950 in France

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1950 in France.

## Incumbents

* President: Vincent Auriol
* President of the Council of Ministers:
** until 2 July: Georges Bidault
** 2 July-12 July: Henri Queuille
** starting 12 July: René Pleven

## Events

* 11 February – Two Viet Cong battalions attack a French base in French Indochina.
* 12 February – Pro-communist riots in Paris.
* 9 April – Notre-Dame Affair, Lettrist movement anti-Catholic intervention.
* 3 June – Herzog and Lachenal of the French Annapurna expedition become the first climbers to reach the summit of an 8,000-metre peak.
* 15–18 September – Battle of Đông Khê, French defeat in First Indochina War.
* 30 September – Battle of Route Coloniale 4 begins.
* 18 October – Battle of Route Coloniale 4 ends in decisive victory for the Việt Minh.
* 20 October – Henri Martin affair: a sailor is imprisoned for distributing propaganda hostile to the First Indochina War.

## Sport

* 13 July – Tour de France begins.
* 7 August – Tour de France ends, won by Ferdinand Kübler of Switzerland.

## Births

* 24 January – Daniel Auteuil, actor and director
* 15 February – Guy Touvron, trumpeter (died 2024)
* 22 February – Miou-Miou, actress.
* 21 April – Michel Rougerie, motorcycle racer (died 1981)
* 8 May – Aimé Venel, painter
* 9 August
** Anémone, French actress, filmmaker and political activist (died 2019)
** Nicole Tourneur, French novelist (died 2011)
* 25 September – Philippe Peythieu, actor.

## Deaths

* 6 February – Georges Imbert, chemical engineer (born 1884)
* 2 March – Joseph d'Arbaud, poet (born 1874)
* 6 March – Albert Lebrun, politician and President of France (born 1871)
* 16 April – Arnaud Massy, golfer (born 1877)
* 28 September – Joë Bousquet, poet (born 1897)
* 10 November – Jean Biondi, politician (born 1900; car crash)
* 11 November – Pierre-Jules Boulanger, engineer and businessman (born 1885; car crash)
# 1950 in Estonia

This article lists events that occurred during 1950 in Estonia.

## Incumbents

Nikolai Karotamm

## Events

* March – Estonian Communist Party was gone under Moscow control. Many intellectuals were fired and replaced by "leading workers". These "leading workers" were imported from USSR.
* 1 October – administrative reform: counties were replaced by rural rayons.

## Births

31 July – Olav Ehala, composer
# WLIW

WLIW may refer to:
* WLIW (TV), a television station (channel 32/PSIP 21) licensed to Garden City, New York, United States
* WLIW-FM, a radio station (88.3 FM) licensed to Southampton, New York, United States
# 1952 World Fencing Championships

The 1952 World Fencing Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark. The championships were for non-Olympic events only.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Hungary (HUN) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | France (FRA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 3 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (3 entries) | Totals (3 entries) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |

### Women's events

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Team Foil | Hungary | France | Italy |
# George Pullen (politician)

George Gerald Pullen (15 July 1873 – 14 June 1953) was an Australian politician. He was born in Sassafras, Tasmania. In 1912 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Darwin. He was defeated in 1916 but re-elected as a Nationalist in 1919, this time representing Wilmot. He served until his second defeat in 1922. Pullen died in Barrington in 1953.
# George Bull (disambiguation)

George Bull (1634–1710) was an English bishop and theologian.
George Bull may also refer to:

## People

* George Bull (journalist) (1929–2001), English translator, author and journalist
* George Bull (cricketer), English cricketer
* George Stringer Bull (1799–1865), English cleric and activist
* Sir George Bull, 3rd Baronet (1906–1986), of the Bull baronets
* George Bull (priest), Dean of Connor
* George Bull (business) (1936–2024), last chairman of Grand Metropolitan, founding joint chairman of Diageo, and first non-family chairman of Sainsbury's

## Characters

* Sir George Bull, fictional character in the novels of Milward Kennedy
* Dr. George Bull, protagonist in Doctor Bull
# 1897 Melbourne Cup

The 1897 Melbourne Cup was a two-mile handicap horse race which took place on Tuesday, 2 November 1897.
This year was the thirty-seventh running of the Melbourne Cup.
This is the list of placegetters for the 1897 Melbourne Cup.
| Place | Name | Jockey | Trainer | Owner |
| 1 | Gaulus | S Callinan | William Forrester | William Forrester |
| 2 | The Grafter | W. Redfearn | William Forrester | William Forrester |
| 3 | Aurum | H. J. Morrison | H Munro |
# WOXY

WOXY may refer to:
* WOXY.com, a defunct Internet radio station
* WOXY (FM), a radio station (97.7 FM) licensed to Mason, Ohio, United States
# 1916 Birmingham Panthers football team

The 1916 Birmingham Panthers football team was an American football team that represented Birmingham College (now part of Birmingham–Southern College) as an independent during the 1916 college football season. Under head coach Charles H. Brown, the Panthers compiled a 7–1 record. The team's roster included Homer Norton at end and Peahead Walker at quarterback.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 30 | at Alabama | University FieldTuscaloosa, AL | L 0–13 |
| October 13 | at Marion | Marion, AL | W 7–6 |
| October 20 | at Southwestern Presbyterian | Clarksville, TN | W 25–0 |
| October 26 | at Spring Hill | Monroe ParkMobile, AL | W 33–0 |
| November 3 | Jacksonville State | Munger BowlBirmingham, AL | W 57–0 |
| November 17 | Albertville (AL) | Munger BowlBirmingham, AL | W 64–0 |
| November 25 | at Howard (AL) | Rickwood FieldBirmingham, AL | W 15–0 |
| November 30 | at Southern (AL) | Greensboro, AL | W 42–0 |
# George Michael (computational physicist)

George Anthony Michael (February 16, 1926 – June 5, 2008) was an American computational physicist at Lawrence Livermore Laboratories, involved in the development of supercomputing. He was one of the founders of the annual ACM/IEEE Supercomputing Conference, first held in 1988. The George Michael Memorial Fellowship was established in his honor. George was the person primarily responsible for doing the interviews and gathering the materials for the web site: Stories of the Development of Large Scale Scientific Computing at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
# George Sipos

George Sipos is a Canadian poet best known for his Charles Taylor Prize-nominated 2010 memoir The Geography of Arrival.
Born in Budapest, Hungary, Sipos emigrated with his family to London, Ontario in childhood. He spent much of his adulthood in Prince George, British Columbia, where he taught at the College of New Caledonia, owned and operated a book store, Mosquito Books, and served general manager of the Prince George Symphony Orchestra.
He has also published two volumes of poetry, Anything But the Moon (2005) and The Glassblowers (2010). Anything But the Moon was a shortlisted nominee for the Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize in 2006.
He currently resides on Saltspring Island, where he has been executive director of the ArtSpring arts and culture festival and a freelance contributor to the Gulf Islands Driftwood community newspaper.
# George Ferrari

Corporal George Ferrari (c. 1845 – 1895?) was an American soldier in the U.S. Army who served with the 8th U.S. Cavalry during the Apache Wars. He was one of three men who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry against the Apache Indians at Red Creek in the Arizona Territory on September 23, 1869. He was the first and only Italian-American to receive the award during the thirty-year period of the Indian Wars.

## Biography

George Ferrari was born in New York City, New York in about 1845. He later joined the U.S. Army in Cleveland, Ohio and was assigned to Company D of the 8th U.S. Cavalry. Ferrari was sent to the Arizona Territory where he took part in the Apache Wars in the late-1860s. On September 23, 1869, he and two other cavalry troopers, Private John Walker and Sergeant Charles Harris, were cited for "gallantry in action" against the Apache at Red Creek and received the Medal of Honor. Although he was the first and only Italian-American ever to receive the MOH during the Indian Wars, little of his life is known prior to and after leaving the military.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Corporal, Company D, 8th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Red Creek, Ariz., September 23, 1869. Entered service at: Montgomery County, Ohio. Birth: New York, N.Y. Date of issue: November 23, 1869.

### Citation

   Gallantry in action.
# 1952 SMU Mustangs football team

The 1952 SMU Mustangs football team represented Southern Methodist University (SMU) as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1952 college football season. Led by Rusty Russell in his third and final season as head coach, the Mustangs compiled an overall record of 4–5–1 with a mark of 3–2–1 in conference play, placing third in the SWC. SMU played home games at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas. Bill Forester was the team captain.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| August 26 | No. 19 Duke* | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | L 7–14 | 28,000 |
| October 4 | No. 6 Georgia Tech* | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | L 7–20 | 41,000 |
| October 11 | at Missouri* | Memorial StadiumColumbia, MO | W 25–7 | 25,000 |
| October 18 | at Rice | Rice StadiumHouston, TX (rivalry) | W 21–14 | 56,000 |
| October 25 | No. 15 Kansas* | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | L 0–26 | 30,000–33,000 |
| November 1 | at No. 14 Texas | Memorial StadiumAustin, TX | L 14–31 | 57,000 |
| November 8 | Texas A&M | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | W 21–13 | 62,000 |
| November 15 | at Arkansas | Razorback StadiumFayetteville, AR | W 27-17 | 28,000 |
| November 22 | Baylor | Cotton BowlDallas, TX | T 7–7 | 30,000 |
| November 29 | TCU | Cotton BowlDallas, TX (rivalry) | L 7–14 | 32,000 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# 1954 Italian Athletics Championships

The 1954 Italian Athletics Championships was the 44th edition of the Italian Athletics Championships and were held in Florence, Padua and Rome from 1 to 10 October.

## Champions

Track events :
| Event | Men | Performance | Women | Performance |
| 100 m | Luigi Gnocchi | 10.7 | Giusy Leone | 12.0 |
| 200 m | Volfango Montanari | 21.7 | Giusy Leone | 25.2 |
| 400 m | Vincenzo Lombardo | 48.6 | | |
| 800 m | Alvaro Lensi | 1:55.4 | Loredana Simonetti | 2:21.6 |
| 1500 m | Vittorio Maggioni | 3:59.4 | | |
| 5000 m | Giacomo Peppicelli | 15:07.2 | | |
| 10,000 m | Giovan Battista Martini | 31:41.2 | | |
| 110/80 m hs | Ezio Nardelli | 15.4 | Milena Greppi | 11.8 |
| 400 m hs | Armando Filiput | 53.3 | | |
| 3000 m st | Vittorio Maggioni | 9:32.0 | | |
| Racewalk |||||
| 10,000 m walk | Pino Dordoni | 47:26:3 | | |
| Field events |||||
| High jump | Gianmario Roveraro | 1.90 m | Osvalda Giardi | 1.50 m |
| Pole vault | Edmondo Ballotta | 4.28 m NR | | |
| Long jump | Attilio Bravi | 7.27 m | Osvalda Giardi | 5.39 m |
| Triple jump | Stefano Bonsignore | 14.30 m | | |
| Shot put | Angiolo Profeti | 14.62 m | Amelia Piccinini | 12.51 m |
| Discus throw | Adolfo Consolini | 51.32 m | Gianna Nannetti | 37.70 m |
| Hammer throw | Teseo Taddia | 54.58 m | | |
| Javelin throw | Francesco Ziggiotti | 66.61 m | Ada Turci | 41.85 m |
| Combined |||||
| Decathlon/Pentathlon | Lorenzo Vecchiutti | 5247 pts | Paola Paternoster | 4073 pts |
# 1922 College Basketball All-Southern Team

The 1922 College Basketball All-Southern Team consisted of basketball players from the South chosen at their respective positions.

## All-Southerns
### Guards

* George Harmon, Mercer (C, GB, MB, MT, MN)
* Monk McDonald, North Carolina (C, GB, MB, MT [as f], MN)
* Tom Ryan, Vanderbilt (MT, MN)
* Billy Carmichael, North Carolina (MT)

### Forwards

* Charles Wallett, Newberry (C, GB)
* Baby Roane, Georgia Tech (GB [as g], MB)
* Consuello Smith, Mercer (MT, MN)
* Paul Adkins, Kentucky (GB)
* Sidney Perry, North Carolina (MN)

### Center

* Bill Redd, Chattanooga (C, GB, MB, MT, MN)
* Cartwright Carmichael, North Carolina (C, GB [as f], MB [as f], MT [as f], MN [as f])
* Robert Gamble, Mercer (GB, MT, MN)

## Key

* C = the composite pick of sportswriters at the SIAA tournament.
* GB = selected by Guy Butler of the Atlanta Georgian.
* MB = selected by Morgan Blake in the Atlanta Journal.
* MT = selected by the Macon Telegraph.
* MN = selected by the Macon News.
# 1919 Chicago Maroons football team

The 1919 Chicago Maroons football team was an American football team that represented the University of Chicago during the 1919 college football season. In their 28th season under head coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, the Maroons compiled a 5–2 record, finished in third place in the Big Ten Conference, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 205 to 26.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 11 | Great Lakes Navy* | Stagg FieldChicago, IL | W 123–0 | |
| October 18 | Purdue | Stagg FieldChicago, IL (rivalry) | W 16–0 | |
| October 25 | Northwestern | Stagg FieldChicago, IL | W 41–0 | 20,000 |
| November 1 | at Illinois | Illinois FieldChampaign, IL | L 0–10 | 16,000–17,000 |
| November 8 | Michigan | Stagg FieldChicago, IL (rivalry) | W 13–0 | 24,000 |
| November 15 | Iowa | Stagg FieldChicago, IL | W 9–6 | |
| November 22 | Wisconsin | Stagg FieldChicago, IL | L 3–10 | |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# 1895 Cork Junior Football Championship

The 1895 Cork Junior Hurling Championship was the inaugural staging of the Cork Junior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board.
The final was played on 13 October 1895 at the Town Park in Mallow, between William O'Briens and Dromtarriffe. William O'Briens won the match by 0–04 to 0–01 to claim their first ever championship title in the grade.
# WOTC

WOTC may refer to:
* Wizards of the Coast, an American publisher of fantasy and science fiction games
* Work Opportunity Tax Credit, an American federal tax credit for employers
* XCOM 2: War of the Chosen, the expansion pack to the 2016 turn-based tactics videogame XCOM 2
* WOTC, a radio station in Edinburg, Virginia
# 1957 Colombian coup d'état

The 1957 Colombian coup d'état was the nonviolent overthrow in Colombia of the Gustavo Rojas Pinilla dictatorship by the military, resulting in the establishment of a five-man junta that restored civilian rule a year later in 1958. The coup attempt followed a period of civil unrest as Rojas, coming to power in 1953 promising to end the La Violencia and initially hailed as Colombia's savior, caused political discontent with his authoritarian policies, including silencing of the free press, detainment of opposition groups, and suspension of the country's constitution.
In the lead-up to the coup, the leader of the opposition Guillermo Leon Valencia was placed under house arrest on May 1, causing widespread civil disobedience. Dubbed the "Jornadas de Mayo," the 10-day period was marked by nationwide student protests and the impromptu shutdown of universities, newspapers, shops, factories, businesses, and banks. The ensuing student demonstrations resulted in one hundred dead, with tear gas and jets of red-colored-water being used on the demonstrators. In response, an Archbishop in Cali threatened to excommunicate those responsible for the killings.
Recognizing the growing unrest, several military leaders held a meeting and agreed on the need to depose Rojas. In the early hours of the morning on May 10, Rojas was pressured to step down, a junta taking his place soon after. He then departed with his family for Spain.
The five-man military junta, composed of those who had previously served under the Rojas regime, - Gabriel París, Deogracias Fonseca, Ruben Piedrahita, Rafael Navas Pardo, and Luis Ordonez - announced their intentions for the restoration of civilian rule by August 7, 1958, through elections and other measures. During this period of military rule, a largely civilian and bi-partisan cabinet was appointed with the approval of the major parties. The "Parity Commission on Institutional Readjustment" was also formed to study constitutional reform along with a two-man bi-partisan "National Commission on Criminal Investigation" to investigate corruption and malpractice.
# 1957 Colorado State Bears baseball team

The 1957 Northern Colorado Bears baseball team represented Colorado State College in the 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season. The Bears played their home games at Jackson Field. The team was coached by Pete Butler in his 15th year at Northern Colorado.
The Bears won the District VII playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the Arizona Wildcats.

## Schedule

1957 Northern Colorado Bears baseball game log :
Regular season :
April (0–0)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordRMC record :
May (0–0)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordRMC record
May 22 at Air ForceFalcon Baseball Field • Colorado Springs, Colorado13–3––
May 25 Air ForceJackson Field • Greeley, Colorado8–6––
May 25 Air ForceJackson Field • Greeley, Colorado5–11–– :
Postseason :
District VII Playoff (2–1)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordRMC record
28June 1 DenverJackson Field • Greeley, Colorado8–323–5–
29June 1 DenverJackson Field • Greeley, Colorado3–423–6–
30June 3 at DenverUnknown • Denver, Colorado5–324–6– :
College World Series (0–2)
#DateOpponentSite/stadiumScoreOverall recordRMC record
31June 8vs CaliforniaOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska0–424–7–
32June 9vs Notre DameOmaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska2–2324–8– :
# 1917 South Dublin by-election

The 1917 South Dublin by-election was held on 6 July 1917. The by-election was held due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, William Francis Cotton. It was won by the Irish Parliamentary candidate Michael Louis Hearn, who was unopposed.
# 1957–58 Copa México

The 1957–58 Copa México was the 41st edition of the Copa México and the 15th staging in the professional era.
The competition started on March 2, 1958, and concluded on April 15, 1958, with the replay of the Final, held at the Estadio Olímpico de la Ciudad de los Deportes in Mexico City, in which León defeated Zacatepec 5–2.

## Preliminary round

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Tampico Madero | 3–3 (1–2 p) | Zacatepec | 2–3 | 1–0 |
| León | 5–0 | Atlas | 0–0 | 5–0 |
| Necaxa | 1–4 | Toluca | 1–2 | 0–2 |
| Oro | 7–3 | Real Zamora | 4–2 | 3–1 |
| Guadalajara | 2–2 (3–2 p) | Irapuato | 0–0 | 2–2 |
| Atlante | 4–3 | Cuautla | 1–2 | 3–1 |

## Final round

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| América | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | |
| Atlante | 2 | 0 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| Atlante | 2 | 0 | 2 | Atlante | 1 | 2 | 3 | | | | |
| | | | | Zacatepec | 2 | 2 | 4 | | | | |
| Toluca | 0 | 0 | 0 | Zacatepec | 2 | 2 | 4 | | | | |
| Zacatepec | 0 | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| Zacatepec | 0 | 2 | 2 | | | | | Zacatepec | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| | | | | | | | | León | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| León | 1 | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | | León | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Tampico Madero | 1 | 0 | 1 | | | | | | | | |
| Tampico Madero | 1 | 0 | 1 | León | 2 | 3 | 5 | | | | |
| | | | | Morelia | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| Guadalajara | 1 | 1 | 2 | Morelia | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| Morelia | 0 | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | |
* 1957–58 Copa México Winners
* León 2nd Title
# George Lowys

George Lowys (by 1500 – 1553/54) was the Mayor of Winchelsea and Member of Parliament for Winchelsea, Sussex.
He was made mayor of Winchelsea for 1525–27, 1531–1534, 1536, 1537–38, 1551–52 and then elected Member of Parliament for Winchelsea in 1529 and possibly again in 1536.
He married Dorothy and had two sons.
# James Leatham Birley

James Leatham Birley CBE FRCP (1884–1934) was a British physician and neurologist, known for his work on fatigue and stress in WWI pilots.

## Biography

After education at Winchester College, James Birley matriculated at University College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1908 with a first-class degree in natural science. He then studied medicine at St Thomas's Hospital Medical School. In 1911 he qualified from the University of Oxford BM Pathology and BM Forensic Medicine and Public Health. He graduated BM BCh (Oxon.)in 1912 and qualified MRCP in 1913. He held house appointments at St Thomas's Hospital and at the National Hospital for Diseases of the Nervous System, Queen Square. In 1915 he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps. During WWI he was stationed in France with the Royal Flying Corps from 1916 to 1919.
   ... from the first great battle of the Somme until the end of the fighting he was largely concerned with the development of the medical service of the Royal Air Force. His valuable work in that sphere was quickly recognized, and he rose to the position of its chief medical officer in France, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and, after his return to civil life, became its consulting physician, a post he retained until his death.
In 1920, he became a member of the War Office Committee of Enquiry into 'Shell-Shock', publishing their final report in 1920.
By 1921, Birley had graduated MD (Oxon.) and had published an article, co-authored by Leonard S. Dudgeon, in the journal Brain. At St Thomas's Hospital Birley was appointed assistant physician in 1919 and in 1928 full physician and director of the neurological department (as successor to Sir Farquhar Buzzard). Birley worked at St Thomas's Hospital until his death in 1934. He was simultaneously an assistant physician at the National Hospital, Queen Square for a few years.
On 11 August 1922, he married Margaret Edith Mercer, née Tennant. She was born in 1890 and was the widow, married in 1913, of Major Archibald Ariel Mercer (1884?–1914) and daughter of William Augustus Tennant of Ugley, Essex. There were two sons and a daughter from the marriage. The younger son was James Leatham Tennant Birley.

## Awards and honours

* 1919 — FRCP
* 1919 — CBE
* 1920 — Goulstonian Lecturer

## Selected publications

* Medical aspects of high flying. 1918.
* Temperament and service flying. 1918.
* Report on the medical aspects of high flying. 1920.
* Traumatic aneurysm of the intracranial portion of the internal carotid artery. 1928.