OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meyerosuchus

Meyerosuchus is an extinct genus of mastodonsauroidean temnospondyl. Fossils have been found from the Early Triassic Hardegsen Formation in southern Germany. Meyerosuchus is present in late Olenekian deposits of the Middle Buntsandstein. The type species M. fuerstenberganus was named in 1966, although remains have been known since 1855. Meyerosuchus is closely related to Stenotosaurus; both genera are grouped in the family Stenotosauridae and the two genera may even be synonymous.
# Vicia palaestina

Vicia palaestina, the Palestine vetch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to the eastern Mediterranean region; Greece, the Aegean Islands, Turkey, Cyprus, the Levant, Sinai, and Iraq. Carbonized remains of its seeds have been tentatively identified in Mousterian Neanderthal deposits in Kebara Cave, Mount Carmel, Israel. Unlike many species of vetch, its seeds are non-toxic, and are edible even when raw.
# William McNab

William McNab may refer to:
* William Ramsay McNab (1844–1889), Scottish physician and botanist
* William McNab (engineer) (1855–1923), railway engineer
* William McNab (footballer) (1870–?), Scottish footballer
# Preston, Hertfordshire

Preston is a village and civil parish about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Hitchin in Hertfordshire, England. At the 2011 Census the population was 420.
The village grew up around the Templar holdings at Temple Dinsley. The first church was mentioned in 1252, when six acres (24,000 m$^2$) of land was given to nuns from Elstow, Bedfordshire. Temple Dinsley passed on to the Knights Hospitaller after the dissolution of the Templars. When the Hospitallers were in turn dissolved in 1542, the manor went to Sir Ralph Sadleir. The current house at Temple Dinsley dates from 1714, and became Princess Helena College in 1935. The college closed in 2021.
In the 17th century the village became linked with John Bunyan, who used to hold services in a natural amphitheatre now called Bunyan's Dell.
Prior to 1894, Preston and neighbouring Langley were part of the parish of Hitchin, together forming a long salient to the south of the town itself. Preston and Langley became separate civil parishes as a result of the Local Government Act 1894, with effect from the first parish meeting on 4 December 1894. Preston civil parish was then included in the Hitchin Rural District between 1894 and 1974, when it became part of North Hertfordshire. The parish of Preston was enlarged in 1955 with the addition of territory from the neighbouring parishes of St Ippolyts and King's Walden.
St Martin's, the local Anglican church, opened in 1900.
The ruined Minsden Chapel, reputed to be haunted, is located near the village, though is actually in Langley civil parish.
# Horace Abbott

Horace Abbott (July 29, 1806 – August 8, 1887) was an American iron manufacturer and banker. His work included the armor plating for the USS Monitor, USS Agamenticus, USS Roanoke, and USS Monadnock.
He was born in Sudbury, Massachusetts, to Alpheus Abbott and Lydia Fay, who were both farmers. After his father's death and subsequent blacksmithing apprenticeship, Abbott moved to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1836 and purchased the Canton Iron Works in Canton, which specialized in the production of steamboat and railroad components. It was renamed the Abbott Iron Company. The company's 1850 mill was the largest iron mill in the United States at that time. It was said that iron plates were rolled here for shipment to New York City for John Ericsson's revolutionary new ship, the ironclad USS Monitor which fought in the 1862 Battle of Hampton Roads during the Civil War.
He was also the founder of Baltimore's First National Bank and a director of the Second National Bank of Baltimore and the Union Railroad of Baltimore, acquired by the Northern Central Railway in 1882 and eventually becoming part of the Pennsylvania Railroad. He lived at his country estate, "Abbotston", in northeast Baltimore, near the present location of 33rd Street and The Alameda, on one of the highest hills in the city, near the village of Huntingdon (now Waverly) to the west and the Coldstream-Homestead-Montebello community off Harford Road to the east. A Victorian mansion was constructed in the 1870s near the earlier Federal-era estate of "Montebello" of Samuel Smith (1752–1839), U.S. Senator, Baltimore mayor, and commanding general of the Maryland militia during the War of 1812 during the British attack against Baltimore, and a later Victorian mansion of the same name belonging to John Work Garrett, Civil War-era president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.He also endowed the Abbott Memorial Presbyterian Church on Bank Street in the Highlandtown neighborhood of southeast Baltimore.
Abbott died in Baltimore in 1887.
# Praveen Swami

Praveen Swami (born 1969) is an Indian journalist and author specialising on international strategic and security issues. He is currently the Group Consulting Editor at Network18 Group. He was the Diplomatic Editor of The Daily Telegraph newspaper between September 2010 – October 2011, after which, he became the National Editor (Strategic and International Affairs) of The Indian Express newspaper from August 2014- January 2017. Swami is the author of two books on the India-Pakistan conflict in Kashmir. He was described by the BBC as "one of India's foremost experts of Islamist terrorism".

## Career

Swami was the Associate Editor of the Indian newspaper The Hindu from 1993, for which he reported on topics such as the conflict in Kashmir, the Left-wing Maoist insurgency in India, and Islamic groups. He reported on Kashmir, Punjab and security issues for much of the 1990s before becoming the Mumbai bureau chief in 1998. He was appointed as Resident Editor New Delhi, The Hindu in October 2011. Swami, along with Rural Affairs Editor P Sainath, resigned from The Hindu in mid-2014. Both journalists hinted they found it difficult to work under the new system which emerged after the shift in power structure [changes in the top-level management, when family decided to run The Hindu itself] in Kasturi and Sons Ltd in October 2013. Former editor Siddhartha Varadarajan and Executive Editor MK Venu were ousted from their positions in October 2013.

## Awards

Praveen Swami has won several awards for his work. He received the Sanskriti Samman Award in 1999 for a series of investigative stories on Indian military and intelligence failures preceding and during the Kargil conflict. His work on the Indian army's counter-terrorist operations won him the Prem Bhatia Memorial Award for Political Journalism in 2003. In 2006, he also won the Indian Express - Ramnath Goenka Excellence in Journalism prize for "his extensive and in-depth reports on terrorism in Jammu & Kashmir, and investigations into the merchants of terror." Swami was a Jennings Randolph Senior Fellow at the United States Institute of Peace in Washington in 2004–2005.
# St Martha's Hill and Colyer's Hanger

St Martha's Hill and Colyer's Hanger is a 38-hectare (94-acre) nature reserve north of Chilworth in Surrey. It is owned by the Albury Estate and managed by Surrey County Council. Colyers Hanger is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2. Earth circles, which are probably associated with tree planting for Chilworth Manor, are a Scheduled Monument.
There is a church on the top of St Martha's Hill, which has views of eight counties on a clear day. The site is woodland and calcareous grassland, which has a rare mixture of chalk grassland flora.
There is access from Guildford Lane and Halfpenny Lane.
# William Ramsden (British Army officer)

Major General William Havelock Chaplin Ramsden, CB, CBE, DSO, MC (3 October 1888 – 16 December 1969) was a senior British Army officer, who is most notable for commanding the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division during the Second World War.

## Early life and First World War

Born in Chester, Cheshire, England, on 3 October 1888, the son of Reverend Henry Plumptre Ramsden and Ethel Frances Alice Havelock, William Ramsden was educated at Bath College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, where he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the West India Regiment on 5 October 1910. Promoted to lieutenant on 2 October 1912, Ramsden served in the First World War with the 2nd Battalion of his regiment, initially in the Cameroons and in Nigeria with his regiment and then, from 19 March 1916, as a captain in the East Yorkshire Regiment. He served with the regiment on the Western Front, in France and Belgium, where he was awarded the Military Cross (MC) while attached to the 35th Battalion of the Machine Gun Corps (MGC), and was promoted to the temporary rank of major on 16 February 1918. On 22 January 1918 he married Christine Adelaide Baldwin, daughter of James Yescombe Baldwin.

## Between the wars

Between the wars Ramsden remained in the British Army, reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel by 1933, and securing command of the 1st Battalion, Hampshire Regiment in 1936. He was on active service on operations in Waziristan and Palestine during this period and was mentioned in despatches. He went on to be Commander of the West Lancashire Area in 1939.

## Second World War

Ramsden fought in the Second World War, commanding the 25th Infantry Brigade during the fighting in France in May 1940 as part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). Mentioned in despatches for his services, on 12 December 1940 he was promoted to the acting rank of major general and was appointed General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the 50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division in succession to Giffard Martel. The division, which left England in mid-1941, fought well in North Africa the following year. Ramsden, "a lean Yorkshireman, steady and forceful, who always wore a huge automatic taken from a German officer in the previous war", was promoted to command XXX Corps in July 1942, which post he held until September 1942.
Returning to England after being succeeded by Oliver Leese as GOC XXX Corps, he was given Bernard Montgomery's old command, the 3rd Infantry Division, in December 1942, holding this post until December 1943 when succeeded by Tom Rennie. From early 1944 he was dispatched to the Sudan and became Commandant, Sudan Defence Force, later commanding British Troops in Sudan and Eritrea. He retired from the army in 1945.
# Gualberto Fabricio de Vagad

Gualberto Fabricio de Vagad was an Aragonese Cistercian Benedictine monk and the first historian of the Kingdom of Aragon. He was born in Zaragoza in the first third of the fifteenth century and straddles the line between the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. He lived most of his life at the monastery of Santa María de Santa Fe, though he also spent some time at San Juan de la Peña. According to Félix de Latassa y Ortín, besides history he wrote various treatises on poetry and a compendium of verse.
Vagad's magnum opus, the Crónica de Aragón, a vernacular Romance history of Aragon from the mythical Kingdom of Sobrarbe (founded 724) up to the death of Alfonso V (1458), was published in Zaragoza in 1499; its incunabula survive. It was commissioned by the deputies of Ferdinand II of Aragon, who named Vagad cronista mayor (senior chronicler), though the office of cronista was not formally instituted until the Cortes of Monzón in 1547.
For the work Vagad consulted the archives of San Juan de la Peña, San Victorián, Poblet, Montearagón, and Barcelona among other archives of the Crown of Aragon. In international matters he was a Spanish partisan and this bias enters into his history: he considered the Emperor Maximilian I a Spaniard and made the legendary Count Julian an Italian. In peninsular matters his Aragonese bias is evident, as when he devalues the conquest of Valencia by the Castilian folk hero El Cid (1094) relative to the conquest of the same city by James I of Aragon (1236). The work contains three prologues. In the first Vagad heaps praise on Spain in the tradition of Isidore's Laus Spaniae; in the second he argues from history for the preeminence of Aragon amongst the kingdoms of the Iberian peninsula; and in the third he defends the importance of Zaragoza as the chief city of Spain. Preoccupied with style, his narrative is frequently interrupted by lengthy and banal arguments. Eduard Fueter, the Swiss historian of universal historiography, writes that Vagad's Crónica contains the "timid critical germs of the medieval tradition" (tímidos gérmenes de crítica de la tradición medieval).

## Sources

* Gualberto Fabricio de Vagad Archived 2014-08-03 at the Wayback Machine at the Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa
# Primož (hill)

Primož (pronounced ['pɾiːmɔʃ]) is a 718-meter (2,356 ft) high hill overgrown with trees, and is a part of a ridge separating the Pivka Basin from the Reka Valley. It is located in the Municipality of Pivka in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. It has many marked trails and a gravel road leading to its peak. There is a historical trail intended for tourists with many information signs around its peak. It served an important military role during the Second World War because it contained many tunnels and bunkers used by Italian army. It is named after Saints Primus and Felician Church, which was abandoned in the eighteenth century with practically no ruins remaining.

## Location

Primož Hill is located in the Municipality of Pivka in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia. The town of Pivka is built on the northern and northeastern slopes of Primož Hill. It has a commanding view over the entire Pivka Basin, which contributed to its military importance during the Second World War.

## History

After the end of World War I, Primož Hill became Italian territory following an agreement between Italy, the United Kingdom, France, and Russia alongside South Tyrol, Istria, Dalmatia and various islands in the Adriatic Sea. On November 12, 1920, the border was drawn in accordance with the Treaty of Rapallo, crossing the Pivka Basin, on the ridge of the Javorniki mountain chain. Primož Hill's military tunnels were dug in 1930 as a part of the 1,850-kilometer (1,150 mi) Alpine Wall, a vast series of Italian defense fortifications. The tunnels consisted of two lines; one directly on the border, and the second one a few kilometers behind it. Locals were kept away from the tunnels, and were only allowed to bring basic materials and food near its premises. The tunnels were constructed only by verified members of the Italian National Fascist Party. The tunnels were secured with steel plates coated with a thick layer of concrete. The tunnels are 481 meters (1,578 ft) long in total, but they were never used for military purposes. After the withdrawal of Italian forces, local people took valuables from the area, and in 1944, German forces destroyed the tunnels in fear that allied Partisans would find a military use for them.
There are a number of hiking trails leading to the peak. The historical trail has information signs at the summit which explain the history of Primož Hill in detail. From its peak, most of the Pivka Basin can be seen, including Lake Palčje after heavy rainfall.
All hiking trails to the peak :
| Name | Starting point | Distance | Time | Increase in elevation | Difficulty | Trail markings |
| Krpan Trail (Krpanova pot) | Kolodvorska cesta, Pivka | 1.4 km | 25 min | 153 m | easy | yes |
| Parje–Primož | Parje | 2.3 km | 40 min | 173 m | easy | no |
| Pivka Park of Military History – Primož | Pivka Park of Military History, 51 Kolodvorska cesta, Pivka | 2.7 km | 45 min | 150 m | easy | yes |
# Primož Huebman

Primoz Huebman was a politician in Slovenia during the first half of the 16th century when it was under the Holy Roman Empire. He became mayor of Ljubljana in 1528. He was succeeded by Peter Reicher in 1529.
# William Reader (priest)

William Reader (1704-1774) was Archdeacon of Cork from 1745 until his death.
Reader was born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He held living at Nohoval, Kilmonoge, and Dunisky. He was also Prebendary of Rathcoony in Cork from 1732 to 1745.
# 1997–98 Gold Cup

The 1997–98 Gold Cup was the 79th edition of the Gold Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.
The tournament was won by Glenavon for the 4th time, defeating Coleraine 4–2 in the final at Windsor Park.

## Group standings
### Section A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Result |
| 1 | Crusaders | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 6 | +6 | 13 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 2 | Glenavon | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 5 | +7 | 11 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 3 | Dungannon Swifts | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 10 | 13 | −3 | 6 | |
| 4 | Larne | 5 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 10 | −4 | 6 | |
| 5 | Ballymena United | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 9 | −1 | 4 | |
| 6 | Ballyclare Comrades | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 12 | −5 | 3 | |

### Section B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Result |
| 1 | Distillery | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 6 | +4 | 10 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 2 | Linfield | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 5 | +10 | 9 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 3 | Coleraine | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 10 | +3 | 9 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 4 | Bangor | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | +1 | 7 | |
| 5 | Ards | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 13 | −4 | 7 | |
| 6 | Limavady United | 5 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 18 | −14 | 1 | |

### Section C

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Result |
| 1 | Omagh Town | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 3 | +5 | 11 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 2 | Cliftonville | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 1 | +5 | 9 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 3 | Newry Town | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 9 | Advance to quarter-final |
| 4 | Portadown | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 7 | +7 | 7 | |
| 5 | Glentoran | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 13 | −7 | 4 | |
| 6 | Carrick Rangers | 5 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 13 | −11 | 1 | |

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| Cliftonville | 0–1 (a.e.t.) | Coleraine |
| Linfield | 0–1 | Glenavon |
| Newry Town | 0–1 | Crusaders |
| Omagh Town | 3–1 | Distillery |

## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| Coleraine | 2–1 | Omagh Town |
| Glenavon | 2–0 | Crusaders |
# Standing Room Only (1944 film)

Standing Room Only is a 1944 American comedy film directed by Sidney Lanfield and starring Fred MacMurray and Paulette Goddard.

## Plot

Working on the assembly line at the Todd toy manufacturing company, Jane Rogers makes a mistake and is called before company general manager Lee Stevens, a man she has admired from afar. Lee's secretary is fired, at the request of his sweetheart Alice, daughter of factory owner T. J. Todd.
Jane talks her way into the job, pretending to have secretarial skills. Lee is leaving for Washington, D.C., in an effort to save the company from financial ruin. He intends to see government official Glen Ritchie there and propose the Todd factory be used in the war effort.
Jane does everything wrong. She cancels their hotel reservation and the whole town is booked solid. She and Lee end up sleeping outdoors. Ritchie isn't able to see Lee two days in a row, so Jane, under orders to get them any kind of room, makes a deal to stay with Ira Cromwell and his wife, but only by becoming their servants.
Lee is aghast at the idea but desperate to see Ritchie so forced to stay in town. The accident-prone Jane continues to cause problems, forgetting to cook the turkey for the Cromwells' dinner party. One night their guest turns out to be Ritchie, and to further complicate matters, Todd and daughter Alice turn up, too. Dinner is a fiasco, but Ritchie agrees to give the toy factory a government contract and by now Jane and Lee are in love.

## Cast

* Paulette Goddard as Jane
* Fred MacMurray as Lee
* Roland Young as Cromwell
* Edward Arnold as Todd
* Hillary Brooke as Alice
* Porter Hall as Hugo
* Clarence Kolb as Ritchie
* Marie McDonald as Opal
* Veda Ann Borg as Peggy

## Radio adaptation

Standing Room Only was presented on the October 30th, 1944 episode of Lux Radio Theatre, with Goddard and MacMurray reprising their roles.
It was later presented on the November 23, 1952 episode of Broadway Playhouse; the 30-minute adaptation starred Goddard.
# Horace Mann Elementary School

Horace Mann Elementary School, schools named after Horace Mann, may refer to:
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Bakersfield, California)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Cherry Hill, New Jersey)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Newton, Massachusetts)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Oak Park, Illinois)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (San Jose, California)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Tacoma, Washington)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Bayonne, New Jersey)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Washington, DC)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Wichita, Kansas)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (West Allis, Wisconsin)
* Horace Mann Elementary School (Iowa City, Iowa)
# Guaro

The Spanish term guaro can mean one of the following:
* Guaro (drink), a sugar cane-distilled alcoholic drink produced in parts of Central America and Colombia
* Guaro (Larense), a folkloric way to call the inhabitants of Lara State, Venezuela
* Guaro (Spain), a municipality in the Malaga province
* Loro guaro (orange-winged amazon, Amazona amazonica), a South American parrot
# William the Great

William the Great may refer to:
* William V of Aquitaine (969–1030)
* William I, Count of Burgundy (1020–1087)
* William of Maleval (died 1157)
* William I, German Emperor (1797–1888), nicknamed Wilhelm the Great during the reign of his grandson Wilhelm II
# Guangnan Circuit

Guangnan Circuit or Guangnan Province was a short-lived circuit during the early Song dynasty, corresponding to the former Southern Han territory after Southern Han was annexed by Song in 971. In 988, Guangnan Circuit was divided into Guangnan East Circuit and Guangnan West Circuit.
# Guangzhou North railway station

Guangzhou North railway station (simplified Chinese: 广州北站; traditional Chinese: 廣州北站; pinyin: Guǎngzhōuběi Zhàn; Jyutping: gwong$^2$ zau$^1$ bak$^1$ zaam$^6$) is a railway station in Huadu District in northern Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, opened in 1908.
The station is served both by the high-speed trains of the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway and by regular passenger trains on the original Beijing–Guangzhou railway running along the same route.

## Metro station

It is served by Line 9 of Guangzhou Metro.