OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1875 in France

Events from the year 1875 in France.

## Incumbents

* President: Patrice de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta
* President of the Council of Ministers: Ernest Courtot de Cissey (until 10 March), Louis Buffet (starting 10 March)

## Events

* 20 May – Convention du Mètre signed in Paris.
* Cize–Bolozon viaduct opens to rail traffic across the Ain.
* Gallium is discovered by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran.

## Arts and literature

* 5 January – The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated as the home of the Paris Opera.
* 3 March – The first performance of Bizet's Carmen at the Opéra Comique, Paris, 3 months before the composer's death.
* The Flammarion publishing firm is founded in Paris.

## Births

* 17 February – Fanny Clar, journalist and writer (died 1944)
* 21 February – Jeanne Calment, supercentenarian and the oldest living person ever documented in history (died 1997)
* 7 March – Maurice Ravel, composer and pianist (died 1937)
* 27 March – Cécile Vogt-Mugnier, neurologist (died 1962)
* 4 April – Pierre Monteux, conductor (died 1964)
* 5 April – Mistinguett, singer (born 1956)
* 27 April – Maurice, 6th duc de Broglie, physicist (died 1960)
* 28 June – Henri Lebesgue, mathematician (died 1941)
* 31 July – Jacques Villon, painter and printmaker (died 1963)
* 6 August – Marcel Labey, conductor and composer (died 1968)
* 27 September – Cléo de Mérode, dancer (died 1966)

### Full date unknown

* Maurice Princet, mathematician and actuary (died 1973)

## Deaths
### January to June

* 1 January – Jacques Crétineau-Joly, journalist and historian (born 1803)
* 3 January – Pierre Larousse, grammarian and lexicographer (born 1817)
* 10 January – Anton Melbye, Danish painter (born 1818)
* 20 January – Jean-François Millet, painter (born 1814)
* 22 February – Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, painter (born 1796)
* 1 March – Tristan Corbière, poet (born 1845)
* 25 March – Louis Amédée Achard, novelist (born 1814)
* 4 May – Michel Lévy, publisher (born 1821)
* 5 May – Alexandre Boreau, pharmacist and botanist (born 1803)
* 10 May – Gustave Thuret, botanist (born 1817)
* 31 May – Eliphas Levi, occult author and magician (born 1810)
* 3 June – Georges Bizet, composer and pianist (born 1838)
* 24 June – Henri Labrouste, architect (born 1801)
* 25 June – Antoine-Louis Barye, sculptor (born 1796)

### July to December

* 11 August – Charles Rohault de Fleury, architect (born 1801)
* 25 August – Charles Auguste Frossard, general (born 1807)
* 12 October – Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, sculptor and painter (born 1827)
* 24 October – Jacques Paul Migne, priest, theologian and publisher (born 1800)
* 17 November – Jacques-Marie-Achille Ginoulhiac, Bishop (born 1806)

### Full date unknown

* Charles Auguste Désiré Filon, historian (born 1800)
# George Campbell Ross

George Campbell Ross C.B., C.B.E. (9 August 1900 – 30 July 1993) was an Engineer and a Rear Admiral in Britain's Royal Navy. He was also the son of Sir Archibald Ross OBE (1867 - March 19, 1931), a pioneering marine engineer.

## Service biography
### World War I

He served on HMS Warspite, HM Submarine P59 and HMS Vendetta during World War I.

### Interwar

Engineering Courses at RN College, Greenwich, and RN Engineering College, Keyham 1919–1921; HMS Hawkins, Flagship of China Station 1921–1924. Lecturer in Marine Engineering, RN Engineering College 1924–1927; HMS Effingham, Flagship of East Indies Station 1927–1929; HM Dockyard, Chatham 1929–1931; HMS Rodney (29), Atlantic Fleet 1931–1933; Invergordon Mutiny 1931; Assistant Naval Attache, British Embassy, Tokyo 1933–1936; Liaison Officer to Japanese Flagship Asigara, Coronation Review 1937; introduced Oerlikon 20 mm cannon to the RN 1937; HMS Manchester, East Indies Station 1937–1939.

### World War II

Engineer-in-Chief's Department, Admiralty 1939–1941; Engineer Officer, HMS Nelson, and Staff Engineer Officer to Flag Officer, Force H, Malta Convoy, North Africa and Sicily 1941–1943; HMS ST ANGELO, Malta, as Staff Engineer Officer, on staff of Capt, Force 'H', Aug–Dec 1943; surrender of Italian Fleet 1943; Aircraft Maintenance and Repair Department, Admiralty 1943–1947;

### Postwar

Chief of Staff to R Adm, Reserve Aircraft 1948–1949; Director of Aircraft Maintenance and Repair, Admiralty 1949–1953; retired in October 1953. After retirement from the Royal Navy Ross joined Armstrong Siddeley as a liaison officer between the company and the Admiralty.

## Family life

He married, on 16 September 1929 Alice Behrens, daughter of the banker Paul Behrens (of the Salomon Oppenheim bank) in Berlin, the first German women to marry an Englishman after World War I.
# George Curtis (Australian politician)

George Silas Curtis (19 July 1845 – 6 October 1922) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Queensland Parliament twice, first as the Independent member for Rockhampton in the Legislative Assembly from 1893 to 1902, then as a conservative member of the Legislative Council from 1914 to 1922.
# 1904 Tulane Olive and Blue football team

The 1904 Tulane Olive and Blue football team represented Tulane University during the 1904 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 22 | | Louisiana Industrial* | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA | W 11–0 | |
| October 29 | | Mississippi A&M | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA | W 10–0 | 1,100 |
| November 5 | | at Marion* | Marion, AL | W 10–0 | |
| November 12 | | Sewanee | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA | L 0–18 | |
| November 19 | | LSU | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA (Battle for the Rag) | W 5–0 | 5,000 |
| November 24 | 3:00 p.m. | Ole Miss | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA (rivalry) | W 22–0 | 2,500 |
| December 3 | | Alabama | Athletic ParkNew Orleans, LA | L 0–6 | 1,000 |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Central time |||||||
# George Edmonds

George Edmonds may refer to:
* George Edmonds (footballer) (1893–1989), association footballer for Watford and Wolverhampton Wanderers
* George W. Edmonds (1864–1939), U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania
* George Edmonds (lawyer) (1788–1868), English teacher, lawyer, and scholar
# Jiangning Sports Center

Jiangning Sports Centre Stadium (Chinese: 江宁区体育中心) is a football stadium in Nanjing, China. It hosted the China League One side, Nanjing Yoyo F.C. until 2011, when the club was dissolved. The stadium holds 30,000 spectators.
# William Carr (historian)

William Carr (1 April 1921 – 20 June 1991) was a British historian of Germany.
He was born in Workington, Cumberland. He studied history at the University of Birmingham, where he was awarded a prize for European history, but halted his studies after Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union. Carr volunteered and served in the Royal Corps of Signals and Royal Artillery. After victory, he worked as an interpreter of German internees before joining the Field Security Police. Carr returned to Birmingham University in 1947, where he was awarded a first class degree in 1948.
Carr was appointed lecturer in history at the University of Sheffield in 1952, then senior lecturer (1963), reader (1970) and then to a personal chair (1979). He retired in 1986. A few days before his death, Carr learnt that the German government had awarded him the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

## Works

* Schleswig-Holstein 1815-1848. A Study in National Conflict (Manchester University Press, 1963).
* The History of Germany, 1815-1945 (Edward Arnold, 1969; 2nd edn. 1979; 3rd edn. 1987; 4th edn. 1991).
* Arms, Autarky, and Aggression (Edward Arnold, 1970).
* Hitler: A Study in Personality and Politics (Edward Arnold, 1978).
* Poland to Pearl Harbor (Edward Arnold, 1985).
* The Origins of the Wars of German Unification (Longman, 1991).
# Howard Balloch

Howard Balloch is a former Canadian diplomat. He was Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to China, Mongolia and North Korea. Prior to his appointment as Ambassador, he served for two years in the Privy Council Office as Deputy Secretary to the Cabinet for National Unity, a key position in the federal government up to and during the Quebec referendum on sovereignty of 1995. He was appointed to that position shortly after the Liberal Party won the federal election of 1993, and up to that time had been serving as Assistant Deputy Minister for Asia Pacific in the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade and had served in Jakarta and Prague.
Balloch is from Newfoundland. At the end of the 19th century, his grandfather, a tea merchant had resided in Fuzhou for over two decades. His grandfather's paintings and photos sparked Balloch's interest in China. Balloch served as Canada's ambassador to China between 1996 and 2001, assuming the role after his predecessor, John Lawrence Paynter, died in 1996. He became the ambassador to North Korea in 2001 while retaining his China ambassadorship. Balloch wrote the 2013 memoir Semi-Nomadic Anecdotes, which he self-published. Paul Wells said regarding the 1995 Quebec referendum, the book provides "the most detailed account we have of the federal government’s actions in that historic campaign". During the referendum, Balloch was the deputy secretary to the Cabinet for National Unity.
Following his retirement as ambassador in 2001, he founded The Balloch Group, a Beijing-based investment advisory and merchant banking firm. In Canada, reaction to the firm's founding was mixed with people both praising his bravery and labelling him as "nuts". The firm's goal was to help businesses operate in China. Balloch was the president of the Canada China Business Council in 2005. After Canaccord Genuity purchased The Balloch Group, he became a company director and assumed the role of chairman of Canaccord Genuity Asia.
# 1268 Libya

1268 Libya, provisional designation 1930 HJ, is a dark Hildian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 95 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 29 April 1930, by South African astronomer Cyril Jackson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa. The asteroid was named for the country Libya.

## Orbit and classification

Libya belongs to the dynamical Hilda group of asteroids, which reside in, or closely inside the 3:2 orbital resonance with the giant planet Jupiter at 4.0 AU. However, the asteroid belongs to the background population as it is not a member of any known asteroid family within the Hildian dynamical group.
Libya orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 3.6–4.4 AU once every 7 years and 11 months (2,893 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first identified as 1929 EA at Uccle Observatory in March 1929, and its observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1930.

## Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Libya is a primitive P-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In June 1994, a rotational lightcurve of Libya was obtained from photometric observations by Swedish astronomer Mats Dahlgren (see 6945) at ESO's La Silla Observatory using the Dutch 0.9-metre Telescope. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 14.05 hours with a brightness variation of 0.08 magnitude (U=3). In October 2011, observations by French amateur astronomer René Roy also gave a period of 14.05 hours and a low amplitude of 0.06 magnitude (U=n.a.). A low brightness amplitude typically indicates that the body has a spheroidal rather than an elongated or irregular shape.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Libya measures between 93.44 and 96.708 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.043 and 0.046.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0449 and a diameter of 94.10 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.12.
Between 2018 and 2021, 1268 Libya has been observed to occult three stars.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the North African country of Libya, bordering the Mediterranean Sea. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 116).
# Horatia (gastropod)

Horatia is a genus of gastropod molluscs, comprising a small group of minute stygobiont freshwater snails with valvatoid shells, belonging to the subfamily Horatiinae of the family Hydrobiidae.

## Species

* Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887
* Horatia knorri Schütt, 1961
* Horatia macedonica (Kuščer, 1937)
* Horatia novoselensis Radoman, 1966
* Horatia ozimeci Grego & Falniowski, 2021
* Horatia parvula (Naegele, 1894)
* Horatia podvisensis Glöer & Reuselaars, 2020
* Horatia schlosseri (Royo Gómez, 1922)
* Horatia sturmi Rosenhauer, 1856
* Horatia stygorumina Grego & Rysiewska, 2021

### Synonyms

* Horatia albanica Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia birsteini Starobogatov, 1962: synonym of Pontohoratia birsteini (Starobogatov, 1962) (original combination)
* Horatia borutzkii Zhadin, 1923: synonym of Motsametia borutzkii (Zhadin, 1923) (original combination)
* Horatia brusinae Radoman, 1953: synonym of Pseudohoratia brusinae (Radoman, 1953) (basionym)
* Horatia burnarbasa Schütt, 1964: synonym of Islamia burnarbasa (Schütt, 1964) (original combination)
* Horatia erythropomatia (Hauffen, 1856): synonym of Erythropomatiana erythropomatia (Hauffen, 1856): synonym of Hauffenia erythropomatia (Hauffen, 1856) (unaccepted combination)
* Horatia fontinalis Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia gatoa Boeters, 1980: synonym of Iberhoratia gatoa (Boeters, 1980) (basionym)
* Horatia hadei E. Gittenberger, 1982: synonym of Daphniola hadei (E. Gittenberger, 1982) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
* Horatia letourneuxi Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia ljovuschkini Starobogatov, 1962: synonym of Pontohoratia birsteini (Starobogatov, 1962)
* Horatia lucidula Angelov, 1967: synonym of Hauffenia lucidula (Angelov, 1967)
* Horatia marina Logvinenko & Starobogatov, 1969: synonym of Andrusovia dybowskii Brusina, 1903 (junior subjective synonym)
* Horatia nelsonensis Climo, 1977: synonym of Platypyrgus nelsonensis (Climo, 1977) (original combination)
* Horatia obliqua Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia obtusa Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia palustris Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia polinskii Radoman, 1953: synonym of Pseudohoratia ochridana (Poliński, 1929) (a junior synonym)
* Horatia praeclara Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
* Horatia sanctizaumi Radoman, 1964: synonym of Zaumia sanctizaumi (Radoman, 1964)
* Horatia servaini Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Islamia valvataeformis (Möllendorff, 1873)
* Horatia sokolovi Starobogatov, 1962: synonym of Pontohoratia birsteini (Starobogatov, 1962)
* Horatia tellinii Pollonera, 1898: synonym of Hauffenia tellinii (Pollonera, 1898) (original combination)
* Horatia verlikana Bourguignat, 1887: synonym of Horatia klecakiana Bourguignat, 1887 (a junior synonym)
# Metarbela pygatula

Metarbela pygatula is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Equatorial Guinea.
# Innai, Ōita

Innai (院内町, Innai-machi) was a town located in Usa District, Ōita Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 4,860 and the density of 42.77 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 113.62 km$^2$.
On March 31, 2005, Innai, along with the town of Ajimu (also from Usa District), was merged into the expanded city of Usa.
# Howard Barber

Howard Charles Linney Barber (1877 – 12 April 1950) was an English-born Australian politician.
He was born in Birmingham. In 1931 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Bass. He resigned in 1933. He died in 1950 in Mount Gambier, South Australia.
# Gus Kasapis

Constantinos Gus Kasapis (born March 18, 1942) was a Canadian football player who played for the BC Lions, Edmonton Eskimos and Calgary Stampeders. He won the Grey Cup with the Lions in 1964. He played college football at the University of Iowa.
# Gus Kelly

Gustavus William Francis Blake Kelly (2 April 1877 – 16 August 1951) was an Irish cricketer. A right-handed batsman and a right-arm fast bowler, he played 18 times for the Ireland cricket team between 1895 and 1914 including nine first-class matches. He also played first-class cricket for Oxford University and the MCC.

## Early life

Born in Dublin, he first attended Clongowes Wood College, then a centre of excellence for cricket before boarding at the Oratory School, near Reading, Berkshire, where he was a key member of the Oratory XI. He lastly spent a short time at Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, before going up to Lincoln College, Oxford.

## Playing career

Kelly made his debut for Ireland against Surrey in August 1895. He played twice more for Ireland that month, including a match against the MCC at Lord's, but it would be six years before he again featured in high-level cricket.
He made his first-class debut playing for Oxford University against Surrey in May 1901. He played for the university against Somerset the following month, before returning to the Ireland side to play against South Africa. He played four more first-class matches for Oxford University that year, gaining his blue when he played against Cambridge University in July.
He played ten first-class matches for Oxford University in 1902, including a matches against his native Ireland and the touring Australian team, and returned to the Ireland team for a match against London County in June 1903. He played three more times for Ireland before he made his first-class debut for them against Yorkshire in May 1907. He also played for Ireland against South Africa that year.
His appearances for Ireland were sporadic over the rest of his career, playing against Philadelphia (twice) and Yorkshire in 1908, against Scotland in 1910 and 1911 before he played a first-class match for the MCC against Oxford University in June 1912. He played for Ireland against South Africa that year, and played twice more against Scotland before his career came to an end in July 1914.

## Statistics

In all matches for Ireland, Kelly scored 204 runs at an average of 8.87 with a top score of 30 against South Africa in June 1901. He took 41 wickets at an average of 17.12, with a best innings bowling performance of 5/42 against Scotland in July 1910, the only time he took five wickets in an innings for Ireland.

## Personal life

In 1900, he married Eily Mary Comyn, whose brother Dan Comyn was a splendid opening bat for Dublin University, Phoenix and Ireland. Two of their sons, Acheson and Gustavus, both played for Ireland.
He served as High Sheriff of Roscommon in 1920.
# 2002–03 Danish 1st Division

The 2002–03 Danish 1st Division season was the 58th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship and the 17th consecutive as a second-tier competition governed by the Danish Football Association.
The division-champion and runner-up promoted to the 2003–04 Danish Superliga. The teams in the 14th, 15th and 16th relegated to the 2003–04 Danish 2nd Division.

## Table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or relegation |
| 1 | Herfølge BK (C, P) | 30 | 22 | 3 | 5 | 74 | 38 | +36 | 69 | Promotion to Danish Superliga |
| 2 | BK Frem (P) | 30 | 18 | 4 | 8 | 64 | 43 | +21 | 58 | Promotion to Danish Superliga |
| 3 | FC Fredericia | 30 | 14 | 9 | 7 | 50 | 29 | +21 | 51 | |
| 4 | Randers FC | 30 | 15 | 6 | 9 | 65 | 49 | +16 | 51 | |
| 5 | Vejle BK | 30 | 15 | 4 | 11 | 65 | 58 | +7 | 49 | |
| 6 | HFK Sønderjylland | 30 | 13 | 8 | 9 | 64 | 54 | +10 | 47 | |
| 7 | BK Skjold | 30 | 14 | 4 | 12 | 50 | 38 | +12 | 46 | |
| 8 | Ølstykke FC | 30 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 65 | 61 | +4 | 41 | |
| 9 | FC Aarhus | 30 | 12 | 4 | 14 | 53 | 56 | −3 | 40 | |
| 10 | Brønshøj BK | 30 | 11 | 6 | 13 | 48 | 53 | −5 | 39 | |
| 11 | AC Horsens | 30 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 45 | 49 | −4 | 36 | |
| 12 | B 93 | 30 | 10 | 6 | 14 | 44 | 52 | −8 | 36 | |
| 13 | B 1913 | 30 | 8 | 6 | 16 | 37 | 60 | −23 | 30 | |
| 14 | Hvidovre IF (R) | 30 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 34 | 57 | −23 | 29 | Relegation to Danish 2nd Divisions |
| 15 | B 1909 (R) | 30 | 7 | 7 | 16 | 52 | 75 | −23 | 28 | Relegation to Danish 2nd Divisions |
| 16 | Hellerup IK (R) | 30 | 5 | 6 | 19 | 37 | 75 | −38 | 21 | Relegation to Danish 2nd Divisions |
# Wollongong the Brave

Aunty Jack's Wollongong the Brave is a collection of four comedy specials derived from the Australian television series, The Aunty Jack Show. The fourth and final episode was the precursor to The Norman Gunston Show. The episodes were filmed in 1974 and were aired during 1975. The mini-series was released to DVD by the ABC in March 2007.

## Episodes

* "Norman Gunston – The Golden Weeks" Wollongong superstar Norman Gunston is kidnapped near the Bulli Pass while conducting a coach tour of South Coast drive-ins. After Norman's mysterious disappearance, a TV station recalls his life and times, and his mother, childhood sweetheart and others closest to him pay tribute, in a documentary about Gunston's rise to fame in "the biggest southern hemisphere in the world". (First screened: 21 March 1975)
* "Kev Kavanagh – Beyond the Infinite" Kev Kavanagh, meat artist, Butcher laureate, international meat fashion designer and meaty author, turns filmmaker in Australia's most adventurous film epic The History of Man. Kev traces the history of Man from primitive wanderer to cosmic explorer, and discovers that behind every great man in history was a butcher. Kev searches the world for the "essence of truth and butchery" which has been handed down through time by the great butchers. Kev Kavanagh then returns to his suburban home after years away as Australia's most creative talent, and finds things are not what they seem to be. (First screened: 23 May 1975)
* "Aunty Jack 'n' The Gong in Bloody Concert" This show, set in a comic book, was filmed during the 1974 national tour. "Kid Eager wonders about the powers of Aunty Jack and plots to steal the Golden Glove." Included the songs "Rip Off", "Head of the Pack", "Heavyweight Boxer", "Queen of the Gong", "Aunty Jack 'N' the Gong" and "Farewell Aunty Jack". (First screened: 1 December 1975)
* "The Farrelly Brothers – Three Men, a Sheep and Their Music" The Farrelly Brothers (Ernest, Ernie and Enzo), having captured the hearts of the world with their unique blend of music and their hit song "Set Another One Up to the Bar", the trio goes back to where it all began—"Dapto International Airport". Also includes Norman Gunston and Aunty Jack. (First screened: 8 December 1975)
# Protection, Georgia

Protection is an unincorporated community in Gilmer County, Georgia, United States.

## History

A post office called Protection was established in 1890, and remained in operation until 1934. The origin of the name "Protection" is obscure.
# Sternotomis caillaudi

Sternotomis caillaudi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, found in Sub-Saharan Africa. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1844.