OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) is a non-profit organization started by the World Health Organization and the US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in 1997 to improve care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They have organized the annual awareness day, World COPD Day, every November since 2002.
This organization issues recommendations for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related medical conditions. GOLD issued its first formal recommendations in 2001. Their approach departed from previous medical guidelines in two significant respects:
* Previous recommendations were usually written by groups of experts, usually from a single medical specialty, partly on the basis of their own experiences. They were the first to evaluate the levels of evidence that supported their recommendations. GOLD's approach to evidence-based medicine was more rigorous than the previous COPD recommendations, but other organizations, including the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, use more complex systems.
* GOLD's recommendations are also updated more frequently than was typical in the past. This allows the recommendations to include newer evidence.

## Adoption

The GOLD grading system for classifying the severity of COPD is widely used worldwide.
# ANCON

The Asociación Nacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (ANCON) is a conservation group in Panama. They own and manage Punta Patiño. The acronym is an ode to Ancón Hill, the highest point in Panama City and reserve of urban jungle.
Punta Patiño is on the List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance. The 65,025 acre preserve is owned by conservation group.
# Gmina Szamocin

Gmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) east of Chodzież and 72 km (45 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań.
The gmina covers an area of 125.46 square kilometres (48.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains the villages and settlements of Antoniny, Atanazyn, Borówki, Borowo, Heliodorowo, Jaktorówko, Jaktorowo, Józefowice, Józefowo, Józefy, Kosarzyn, Laskowo, Leśniczówka, Lipa, Lipia Góra, Mielimąka, Nadolnik, Nałęcza, Nowy Dwór, Nowy Młyn, Piłka, Raczyn, Śluza-Krostkowo, Sokolec, Strzelczyki, Swoboda, Szamoty and Weśrednik.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Szamocin is bordered by the gminas of Białośliwie, Chodzież, Gołańcz, Margonin, Miasteczko Krajeńskie and Wyrzysk.
# Hanksville, Vermont

Hanksville is an unincorporated village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Huntington, Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
The village is in southeastern Chittenden County, in the southern part of the town of Huntington, in the valley of the Huntington River, a north-flowing tributary of the Winooski River. The main ridge of the Green Mountains rises to the east, running from 3,160-foot (960 m) Burnt Rock Mountain in the north to 2,967-foot (904 m) Molly Stark Mountain in the south. Main Road runs the length of the community, following the Huntington River; it leads north 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to Huntington Center and south 2.5 miles (4.0 km) to Vermont Route 17 at the western base of Appalachian Gap.
# 2010–11 Karnataka State Film Awards

The 2010–11 Karnataka State Film Awards, presented by Government of Karnataka, to felicitate the best of Kannada Cinema released in the year 2010. The selection committee was headed by retired filmmaker S. K. Bhagavan.

## Lifetime achievement award

| Name of Award | Awardee(s) | Awarded As |
| • Dr. Rajkumar Award • Puttanna Kanagal Award • Dr. Vishnuvardhan Award | • S. Shivaram • H. R. Bhargava • M. H. Ambareesh | • Supporting Actor,Producer,Director • Director • Actor |

## Jury

A committee headed by S. K. Bhagavan was appointed to evaluate the feature films awards.

## Film Awards

| Name of Award | Film | Producer | Director |
| First Best Film | Maagiya Kaala | Bhagya Moodnakoodu Chinnaswamy | K. Shivarudraiah |
| Second Best Film | Thamassu | Syed Aman Bachchan, M. S. Ravindra | Agni Shridhar |
| Third Best Film | Manasa | Anitha Rani | Kodlu Ramakrishna |
| Best Film Of Social Concern | Byari | T. M. Altaf Hussain | Suveeran |
| Best Children Film | Ondooralli | | |
| Best Regional Film | Naa Puttna Mann (Kodava language) | | |

## Other Awards

| Name of Award | Film | Awardee(s) |
| Best Direction | Maagiya Kaala | K. Shivarudraiah |
| Best Actor | Jackie | Puneeth Rajkumar |
| Best Actress | Sanju Weds Geetha | Ramya |
| Best Supporting Actor | Hejjegalu | Achyuth Kumar |
| Best Supporting Actress | Thamassu | Harshika Poonacha |
| Best Child Actor | Ondooralli | Chenna Kumar |
| Best Child Actress | Hejjegalu | Prakruthi |
| Best Music Direction | Ondooralli | Jayashree Aravind |
| Best Male Playback Singer | Puttakkana Highway ("Banda Daari") | Ravindra Soragavi |
| Best Female Playback Singer | Ondooralli ("Hadedaru Devaki") | Sriraksha Priyaram |
| Best Cinematography | Ondooralli | B. L. Babu |
| Best Editing | Aidondla Aidu | Suresh Urs |
| Best Lyrics | Kalgejje ("Ee Panchamavedada Naadadali") | A. Bangaru |
| Best Sound Recording | Kalgejje | Palani D. Senapathi |
| Best Art Direction | Sanju Weds Geetha | Ismail |
| Best Story Writer | Maagiya Kaala | Eshwar Chandra |
| Best Screenplay | Thamassu | Agni Shridhar |
| Best Dialogue Writer | Bhagavathi Kaadu | Lakshmipathi Kolar |
| Best Dubbing Artist (Male) | Veerabahu | Sringeri Ramanna |
| Best Dubbing Artist (Female) | Murali Meets Meera | Anushree |
| Jury's Special Award | Super (For Technical Innovation) | |
# Huainan Mining Group

Huainan Coal Mining Group (Chinese: 淮南矿业集团) is a coal mining company based in Huainan, Anhui, China, and is involved in bituminous and anthracite coal mining, washing, and sales, as well as other industries such as real estate and civil engineering. Previously known as the Huainan Mining Bureau, the company changed to its current name in 1998.

## Company developments

Huainan Mining gained approval for a new coal project from the National Energy Administration in Bojianghaizi County, Inner Mongolia, in 2015. The coal mine is estimated to yield 3 million tonnes per year, after a total investment into the project of about 2.804 billion yuan ($448.6 million).
In December 2016, China Construction Bank, the country's second biggest lender, signed a 30 billion yuan debt-for-equity framework agreement with Huainan Mining Group, to be provided over a five-year term. The agreement included the provision of financial services by CCB, including investment banking and settlement services.
# Wurzbach (disambiguation)

Wurzbach is a town in Thuringia, Germany.
Wurzbach may also refer to:
* Würzbach, a river of Saarland, Germany
* Wurzbach Parkway, a part freeway and part major arterial road in San Antonio, Texas

## People with the surname

* Alfred von Wurzbach (1846–1915), Austrian official and historian; son of Constantin von Wurzbach
* Constantin von Wurzbach (1818–1893), Austrian librarian, lexicographer and writer
* Harry M. Wurzbach (1874–1931), American politician
* Karl von Wurzbach [de] (1809–1886), lawyer, politician, governor and state president of Carniola
* Pia Wurtzbach (born 1989), Filipina actress, model and Miss Universe 2015 winner
* Wolfgang von Wurzbach (1879–1957), Austrian linguist, literary scholar and collector
# Plasmodium michikoa

Plasmodium michikoa is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Sauramoeba.
Like all Plasmodium species P. michikoa has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.

## Description

The parasite was first described by Telford in 1988.

## Geographical occurrence

This species was described in Tanzania.

## Clinical features and host pathology

The only known hosts are chameleons (Chamaeleo species)
# Herbert Wadsack

Herbert Wadsack (Knittelfeld, February 19, 1912-Vienna, July 15, 2004) was an Austrian librarian and writer.
He was at the Wehrmacht and was a prisoner of war.
He was a member of the Österreichischer Schriftstellerverband and of the PEN International.

## Works

* A-To-Nal, 1982
* Bescheidenes Massaker. Kurzprosa aus dreißig Jahren, 1995
* Das Gedichtwerk. , 1995

### Poetry books

* Die vor uns sterben, 1946
* Gewaltige Fuge des Lebens, 1966
# Super Bunny

Super Bunny is a platform game written by Vic Leone for the Apple II and published by Datamost in 1983. Ports to the Atari 8-bit computers and Commodore 64 followed in 1984.

## Gameplay

The player starts as a defenseless rabbit, hopping from the left side of the screen to the right on scrolling platforms. The goal is to avoid the creatures that appear on the platforms and reach the carrot at the right side of the screen. Landing on ("eating") the carrot turns the rabbit into Super Bunny, at which point he must return to the starting position, dispatching creatures and earning points.
The game has a different saying and song for each level (e.g., "crunch those critters" and the song "Here Comes Peter Cottontail!"). Super Bunny is credited in the game's splash screen as Reginald Rabbit.

## Credits

* Programmer: Vic Leone
* Game concept: Bill Russell
* Super Bunny concept: Gary Koffler
* Graphics: Thomas Spears
* Executive producer: Dave Gordon
* Story: Dale Kranz
* Music: Jon Rami and Dale Kranz
* Cover art and illustrations: Martin Cannon
* Cover copy: Dale Kranz
* Art Director: Art Huff
# Huailai railway station

Huailai railway station (Chinese: 怀来站; pinyin: Huáilái zhàn) is a railway station in the People's Republic of China.
# Wurzelbauer (crater)

Wurzelbauer is the remnant of a lunar impact crater. It was named after German astronomer Johann Philipp von Wurzelbauer. It is located in the rugged terrain of the Moon's southern hemisphere. The slightly smaller crater Gauricus lies next to the eastern rim, while to the north-northeast is Pitatus.
The rim of this crater has been deeply eroded, and now forms a low, somewhat irregular ridge around the interior floor. Along the southeastern rim is Wurzelbauer B, while Wurzelbauer A is nearly attached to the southern rim. A short chain of craters lies across the northern rim.
The western half of the interior floor is somewhat more irregular than the east, with a complex of low ridges covering parts of the surface. The western edge of the floor is marked by a section of the ray system radiating from Tycho to the south-southeast.

## Satellite craters

By convention, these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Wurzelbauer.
| Wurzelbauer | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 35.7° S | 15.4° W | 17 km |
| B | 34.9° S | 14.5° W | 25 km |
| C | 35.0° S | 15.1° W | 10 km |
| D | 36.3° S | 17.6° W | 38 km |
| E | 35.7° S | 17.2° W | 11 km |
| F | 35.9° S | 18.1° W | 9 km |
| G | 34.6° S | 18.6° W | 11 km |
| H | 35.3° S | 17.2° W | 7 km |
| L | 34.8° S | 17.8° W | 7 km |
| M | 32.1° S | 16.0° W | 5 km |
| N | 32.5° S | 14.8° W | 13 km |
| O | 35.9° S | 14.6° W | 9 km |
| P | 35.1° S | 14.2° W | 9 km |
| S | 35.7° S | 19.3° W | 12 km |
| W | 32.7° S | 15.1° W | 8 km |
| X | 33.6° S | 14.4° W | 7 km |
| Y | 33.2° S | 17.7° W | 9 km |
| Z | 32.2° S | 14.9° W | 12 km |
# Henry Groves (botanist)

Henry Groves (15 October 1855 – 2 November 1912) was an English botanist who specialized in the algae belonging to the order Charales.

## Life

Groves was born on 15 October 1855 in London. With his brother James, he studied at Godalming Grammar School in Surrey. Here they were introduced to natural history by the Principal, Peter Churton. In 1869 their father died. With three children, his mother needed support; and Henry went to work in the London office of a stockbroker who was a family friend.
In the early 1870s, a chance meeting with the family of John Edward Sowerby led Groves to a deeper interest in English botany and the works of the late botanist. In 1874 the brothers joined the South London Microscopical and Natural History Club where they met botanists including Thomas Bates Blow. They made a botanical excursion to Thames Ditton with Hewett Cottrell Watson and Blow, and visited the botanical section of the British Museum. From 1877, the two brothers took a keen interest in British Characeae. They also took an interest in molluscs. Henry left the stockbroker office after the death of the owner in 1879. In 1880 the two brothers published a review of the British Characeae. In 1884, Henry became Secretary of the South London Microscopical and Natural History Club until the club was dissolved in 1897. Henry was admitted Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1892 where his knowledge of financial matters helped the organization.
In 1907, Henry became a Trustee at the South London Botanical Institute. In 1909 he visited France and in 1910 Belgium.
Henry was married in 1896 and they had a daughter. He died after a long illness on 2 November 1912.
With his brother James Groves he issued the exsiccata work Characeae Britannicae exsiccatae, e distributione H. et J. Groves (1892-1900).
# Ichthyobacterium seriolicida

Ichthyobacterium seriolicida is a species of bacteria that was isolated from a diseased yellowtail fish (Seriola quinqueradiata).
# Plasmodium molecular tools

Plasmodium molecular tools are a set of methods for the genetic manipulation of the parasite genus Plasmodium. Plasmodium species have been difficult to scientifically study, partially due to the inability of many standard biological techniques to genetically alter the organism. Recent research has sought to overcome these technical barriers in order to make the parasite more amenable to study. Below is a description of published methods of genetic control within the Plasmodium parasite.

## Transformation

* Electroporation
* loaded RBCs

## DNA level
### Transcription regulation

* Tet-based transactivator system - ligand-inducible control of gene transcription based upon the Tet system (P. falciparum)

### Integration systems

* Rep20 mediated
* Bxb1 integrase - site-specific stable genetic integration into chromosomes mediated by mycobacteriophage Bxb1 integrase (P. falciparum)

### Recombination systems

* Flp/FRT - induced site-specific recombination/mutagenesis using the yeast Flp/FRT system (P. berghei)

### Transposon systems

* piggyBac - lepidopteran transposable element for random, efficient integration of DNA into genome (P. falciparum)

## RNA level

* RNAi
* antisense
* self-cleaving ribozyme - A failed attempt to use an inducible self-cleaving ribozyme to control mRNA degradation of fused transcripts (P. falciparum)

## Protein level

* FKBP destabilization domain - ligand (Shld1)-regulatable domain to promote degradation of fusion protein (P. falciparum)
* DHFR destabilization domain - ligand (Trimethoprim)-regulatable domain to promote degradation of fusion protein P. falciparum. By virtue of protein being tagged to a DHFR degradation domain from E. coli, as well as GFP and an HA-tag, protein levels can be regulated, cellular localization of the protein can be determined, and the protein can be purified from cultured parasites.
# Herbert Wade (medical doctor)

Herbert Windsor Wade (born Haddonfield, New Jersey, November 23, 1886; died Culion, Philippines, June 8, 1968) was an American medical doctor notable for his work on leprosy. He served as Medical Director of the Culion leper colony from 1922 to 1959.

## Early career

Starting in 1906, Wade trained as a tissue pathologist with Frank Burr Mallory at the Boston City Hospital. In 1908 he moved to Montreal to assist Charles Duval, an associate of Mallory's. He began medical studies at McGill University there, and continued at Tulane University when Duval moved there in 1909. Wade received his medical degree from Tulane in 1912 and remained there for three more years as an instructor in pathology and a resident at the Charity Hospital at New Orleans. During his time at Tulane Wade became interested in leprosy research, which was an interest of his mentor Duval. Wade developed a relationship with the leprosy colony at Carville, Louisiana, then known as the Louisiana Leper Home.

## Philippines

In 1915, Wade married Dorothy Paul of New Orleans and accepted a job as a pathologist-bacteriologist at the Bureau of Science in Manila. Once he arrived in 1916 he was quickly appointed the chairman of the Leprosy Examining Committee of the Board of Health of Manila. In the course of his duties he developed the "scraped incision" method of making skin smears, an important advance in detection. In 1918 Wade was appointed head of the Department of Pathology and Bacteriology at the College of Medicine and Surgery at the University of the Philippines.
In 1922 Wade and his wife moved to Culion, where he had been appointed chief physician. He was to be engaged in research there for the rest of his life. In 1925 Governor Leonard Wood sent Dorothy Wade back to the United States to raise money for leprosy treatment and research; in association with fundraiser Perry Burgess, they founded an organization which became (after Leonard Wood's death in 1927) the Leonard Wood Memorial for the Eradication of Leprosy, with Dr. Wade as the chief medical officer. The funds raised supported the Leonard Wood Memorial Research Laboratory at Culion, which Wade headed.
Wade was the chairman of the Leonard Wood Memorial Conference on Leprosy in Manila in 1931, which resulted in the founding of the International Leprosy Foundation. Wade became the first editor of the Foundation's International Journal of Leprosy and remained involved with it until 1963. From 1946 to 1963 he was the president of the International Leprosy Foundation.

## Legacy

The palm Cycas wadei, found near the Culion colony, was named in Wade's honor.
# 2011 Goldwater Women's Tennis Classic – Doubles

Tetiana Luzhanska and Coco Vandeweghe were the defending champions, but Luzhanska chose not to participate. Vandeweghe competed with Mashona Washington, but lost in the first round to Elizabeth Lumpkin and Ioana Raluca Olaru.
Jamie Hampton and Ajla Tomljanović won the title defeating Maria Sanchez and Yasmin Schnack in the final 3–6, 6–3, [10–6].

## Seeds

* Lindsay Lee-Waters / Megan Moulton-Levy (semifinals)
* Elena Bovina / Mandy Minella (semifinals)
* Coco Vandeweghe / Mashona Washington (first round)
* Jamie Hampton / Ajla Tomljanović (champions)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | L Lee-Waters M Moulton-Levy | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | G Brodsky S Karatantcheva | 2 | 1 | | 1 | L Lee-Waters M Moulton-Levy | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | J Elie D Starr | 6 | 6 | | WC | J Elie D Starr | 3 | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | J Buterbaugh A Raines | 3 | 2 | | | | | | | 1 | L Lee-Waters M Moulton-Levy | 6 | 6$^5$ | [8] | | | | | |
| 4 | J Hampton A Tomljanović | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 4 | J Hampton A Tomljanović | 4 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | |
| | T Hendler C Scholl | 2 | 2 | | 4 | J Hampton A Tomljanović | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Bouchard A Fink | 6 | 6$^3$ | [13] | | I Falconi A Weinhold | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | I Falconi A Weinhold | 3 | 7$^7$ | [15] | | | | | | | | | | | 4 | J Hampton A Tomljanović | 3 | 6 | [10] |
| | M Harkins N Rottmann | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | M Sanchez Y Schnack | 6 | 3 | [6] |
| | M Sanchez Y Schnack | 6 | 6 | | | M Sanchez Y Schnack | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Lumpkin IR Olaru | 6 | 6 | | | E Lumpkin IR Olaru | 4 | 6 | [7] | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | C Vandeweghe M Washington | 3 | 1 | | | | | | | | M Sanchez Y Schnack | 6$^3$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | |
| WC | S Rogers A Will | 6 | 4 | [5] | | | | | | 2 | E Bovina M Minella | 7$^7$ | 4 | [5] | | | | | |
| | M Brengle C Simmonds | 3 | 6 | [10] | | M Brengle C Simmonds | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | B Augustine W Jones | 0 | 4 | | 2 | E Bovina M Minella | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | E Bovina M Minella | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Hamilton (automobile company)

The Hamilton Motors Company was founded in 1917 by Guy Hamilton, after his Grand Haven, Michigan Alter Motor Car Company went bankrupt. The company produced only one car, the Model A-14, which was a four-cylinder, 28 hp touring car with a 112-inch (2,800 mm) wheelbase. He promised to make a six-cylinder car, but never did.
In 1918, the H. A. Oswald Engineering Company tried to resurrect the Hamilton as the Oswald, but it failed. However, Hamilton's Alter truck was produced until 1921.
# Kedowa

Kedowa is a settlement in Kenya's Rift Valley Province.
# JCM

JCM may refer to:

## People

* James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879), Scottish physicist
* John Cougar Mellencamp (born 1951), American singer

## Science and technology

* Japan Collection of Microorganisms
* Jaynes-Cummings model
* Journal of Clinical Microbiology
* Journal of Communications
* AGM-169 Joint Common Missile
* JunoCam, a camera on a planned space probe to the planet Jupiter

## Other uses

* Jewish Children's Museum
* Jackson Central-Merry High School, a public high school in Jackson, Tennessee
* Joint Council of Municipalities
# John Bramston (priest)

John Bramston (12 May 1802 – 13 November 1889) was Dean of Winchester (1872–1883).
He was the younger son of Thomas Gardiner Bramston, who owned Skreens estate in Roxwell, Essex and was a member of Parliament for Essex, and the younger brother of Thomas William Bramston, who inherited Skreens and was an MP for South Essex. He was also a descendant of his namesakes Sir John Bramston, the elder and the latter's son Sir John Bramston, the younger.
He went to Oriel College, Oxford and graduated with a B.A. in 1823. He became vicar of Great Baddow, Essex in 1831 and vicar of Witham in 1840. He became Dean of Winchester in October 1872 and resigned the post in 1883.
He married the diarist Clarissa Sandford Trant (daughter of the soldier Nicholas Trant) in 1832; she died in 1844, leaving three children: Clara Isabella Sandford Bramston (b. 1833), Mary Eliza Bramston (b. 1841), and Rev. John Trant Bramston (b. 1843). In 1846, he married Anna, daughter of Osgood Hanbury, of Holfield Grange, Essex. His daughter by his second marriage, Anna, founded Winchester High School, now known as St Swithun's School. Granddaughter Clara Georgina Luard published a selection from Clarissa Trant's twenty-eight volume journal in 1925.
# Here Before

Here Before may refer to:
* Here Before (album), a 2011 album by the Feelies
* Here Before (film), an upcoming British thriller film directed by Stacey Gregg
* Here Before, a song from Vashti Bunyan's album Lookaftering
** Here Before, a cover of Vashti Bunyan's song which was included in Fever Ray's 2009 self-titled album
# Iguana River

Iguana River is a river of Venezuela. It is part of the Orinoco River basin.
# Abacetus infimus

Abacetus infimus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Tschitscherine in 1900.