OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 15224 Penttilä

15224 Penttilä, provisional designation 1985 JG, is a dark background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers (5 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 15 May 1985, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Arizona, United States. The likely elongated asteroid has a rotation period of 4.4 hours. It was named after planetary scientist Antti Penttilä at the University of Helsinki.

## Orbit and classification

Penttilä is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,372 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.
The body's observation arc begins with its first observation, a precovery taken at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in April 1970, or 15 years prior to its official discovery observation at Anderson Mesa Station.

## Naming

This minor planet was named for Finnish postdoctoral researcher Antti Penttilä (born 1977) at the University of Helsinki, an expert on light reflection and absorption on the surface of small Solar System bodies such as asteroids and cometary nuclei, as well as of the cosmic dust released by cometary comae. The official naming citation was published on 12 July 2014 (M.P.C. 89081).

## Physical characteristics

The asteroid's spectral type has not been determined. Due to its low geometric albedo, it likely a carbonaceous C-type asteroid (see below).

### Rotation period

In June 2015, a rotational lightcurve was obtained for this asteroid from photometric observations by astronomer Daniel Klinglesmith at Etscorn Campus Observatory (719), New Mexico. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 4.377±0.001 hours with a brightness variation of 0.55 in magnitude (U=3-), indicative of a non-spherical, elongated shape. Previously, in August 2012, a concurring period of 4.3771±0.0064 hours with an amplitude of 0.46 was determined from observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory, California (U=2).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Penttilä measures between 7.9 and 9.6 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.04 and 0.085. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20, and hence calculates a smaller diameter of 4.9 kilometers.
# Gami Gang

Gami Gang is the second studio album by emo band Origami Angel, It was released as a double LP by Counter Intuitive Records on April 30, 2021. The album was recorded and completed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Pitchfork | 7.3/10 |
Writing for Pitchfork, Abby Jones enjoyed the album. She states that when the album is at its best, "It can feel limitless with ear-splitting power chords and double-bass drums paired with lighthearted humor and mathy elements." She also describes the album as "wistful", "daring", and "heartfelt".

## Personnel

* Ryland Heagy – guitar, bass, vocals
* Pat Doherty – drums, percussion
# Gam, Chad

Gam is a sub-prefecture Mayo-Kebbi Est Region in Chad.
# Villa Mordoch

Villa Mordoch (Greek: Βίλα Μορντόχ) is the name of a historic villa of Thessaloniki, Greece on Vasilissis Olgas Avenue.
It was property of the wealthy Salonica Jewish Mordoch family of the city. It was completed in 1905, designed by architect Xenophon Paionidis.
Today it houses public services of the Municipality of Thessaloniki.
# Vifärna

Vifärna is a village in Ekerö Municipality, Stockholm County, southeastern Sweden.
# Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship & Videotape

Video Nasties: Moral Panic, Censorship & Videotape is a 2010 British documentary film about the Video Nasties controversy of the early 1980s. It was premiered at London FrightFest in August 2010 and followed by a panel discussion which included producer Marc Morris and director Jake West of Nucleus Films, professor Martin Barker and film director Tobe Hooper. In 2014 the documentary was followed by Video Nasties: Draconian Days, which covered the period from 1984 to 1989 after the introduction of the Video Recordings Act 1984.
The two documentaries have contributed to a greater understanding of the Video Nasties phenomenon, and the box sets include archive material, trailers, and analysis from a range of academics, actors and journalists, including CP Lee, Stephen Thrower, Brad Stevens, Julian Petley, Xavier Mendik, Patricia MacCormack. Allan Bryce, Emily Booth.
# Vincent Nolan

Vincent Nolan (baptised Matthew J.V. Nolan), Garda Síochána and recipient of the Scott Medal, 27 August 1936 – 25 January 1980.

## Background

Nolan was born at The Square, Ardrahan, County Galway. He joined the force on 24 January 1958, previously been a boiler attendant.

## Incident on North Circular Road

Early in the morning of 17 December 1958, Gardas John B. Moynihan, Thomas J. Slattery and Nolan were en route to their beats when they became aware of heavy smoke from the chimney of 603 North Circular Road, Dublin. Garda Slattery called the fire brigade while Gardas Moynihan and Nolan woke the occupants of 603.
Moynihan saved the lives of a five-year-old child, an infant, and an adult man, and had to jump for his life to escape the flames. Slattery entered the house and guided a woman and child from the flames; re-entering, he rescued a teenage boy.
Garda Nolan was meanwhile engaged in trying to locate a woman said to be asleep in the basement. By the time he located her the room was filled with very dense smoke. He brought her to safety just as the roof above them collapsed in flames. All the occupants recovered from the ordeal.
All three Gardaí received Scott Bronze Medals from Minister for Justice, Oscar Traynor, in May 1960.
# Vincent Nyerere

Vincent Josephat Kiboko Nyerere (born 18 October 1974) is a Tanzanian CHADEMA politician and Member of Parliament for Musoma Town constituency since 2010.
# Villa Orias

Villa Orias (Tarvita) is a town and administrative centre in Tarvita Municipality, Azurduy Province, Chuquisaca Department of Bolivia. It is in the Cordillera Oriental of the Andes, where the Puca Mayu River and the Cruz Mayu River meet to form the Tarvita River.

## Climate

Climate data for Villa Orias (Tarvita), elevation 2,420 m (7,940 ft), (1973–2008) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.7 (80.1) | 27.0 (80.6) | 26.6 (79.9) | 27.0 (80.6) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.6 (81.7) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.5 (83.3) | 28.4 (83.1) | 28.1 (82.6) | 27.6 (81.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.5 (67.1) | 19.9 (67.8) | 19.7 (67.5) | 19.4 (66.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.7 (63.9) | 17.8 (64.0) | 18.4 (65.1) | 19.0 (66.2) | 20.0 (68.0) | 20.1 (68.2) | 20.3 (68.5) | 19.2 (66.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.3 (54.1) | 12.9 (55.2) | 12.8 (55.0) | 11.9 (53.4) | 9.1 (48.4) | 7.9 (46.2) | 8.0 (46.4) | 8.8 (47.8) | 9.5 (49.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 11.8 (53.2) | 12.5 (54.5) | 10.8 (51.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 143.9 (5.67) | 139.3 (5.48) | 121.2 (4.77) | 60.6 (2.39) | 26.0 (1.02) | 20.5 (0.81) | 10.9 (0.43) | 21.7 (0.85) | 39.4 (1.55) | 83.1 (3.27) | 101.3 (3.99) | 124.1 (4.89) | 892 (35.12) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.7 | 12.3 | 10.7 | 6.2 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 10.0 | 80.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77.0 | 79.9 | 81.3 | 80.7 | 72.3 | 67.4 | 64.9 | 62.8 | 64.4 | 71.5 | 75.7 | 75.1 | 72.8 |
| Source: Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología de Bolivia ||||||||||||||
# Galva Township, Henry County, Illinois

Galva Township is one of twenty-four townships in Henry County, Illinois, USA. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,712 and it contained 1,367 housing units.

## History

Galva Township was named by Olaf Johnson, a native of Gävle, in Sweden.

## Geography

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Galva Township has a total area of 34.29 square miles (88.81 km$^2$), of which 34.28 square miles (88.78 km$^2$) (or 99.98%) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km$^2$) (or 0.02%) is water.

### Cities, towns, villages

* Galva

### Adjacent townships

* Burns Township (north)
* Wethersfield Township (east)
* Goshen Township, Stark County (southeast)
* Lynn Township, Knox County (south)
* Walnut Grove Township, Knox County (southwest)
* Weller Township (west)
* Cambridge Township (northwest)

### Cemeteries

The township contains Saint Johns Cemetery.

### Major highways

* U.S. Route 34
* Illinois Route 17

### Landmarks

* Wiley Park

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 2,712 people, 1,212 households, and 738 families residing in the township. The population density was 79.10 inhabitants per square mile (30.54/km$^2$). There were 1,367 housing units at an average density of 39.87 per square mile (15.39/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 93.51% White, 0.85% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.44% from other races, and 4.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.84% of the population.
There were 1,212 households, out of which 25.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.77% were married couples living together, 10.64% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 39.11% were non-families. 37.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.97.
The township's age distribution consisted of 23.5% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 22.1% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 21.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $50,000, and the median income for a family was $66,154. Males had a median income of $46,848 versus $28,611 for females. The per capita income for the township was $26,529. About 13.3% of families and 18.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.7% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

## School districts

* Galva Community Unit School District 224
* Wethersfield Community Unit School District 230

## Political districts

* Illinois's 17th congressional district
* State House District 74
* State Senate District 37
# Gao Wan

Gao Wan (born 24 August 1987) is a Chinese former professional tennis player.
Gao was a Chinese Davis Cup representative, featuring in China's win over Indonesia at Jakarta in 2008. He played a dead rubber reverse singles, which he lost to Aditya Hari Sasongko.
On the ATP Tour, Gao appeared in the doubles main draw of two tournaments, including the 2009 Shanghai Masters.
For much of his career he formed a doubles combination on tour with his twin brother Peng. The pair won six ITF Futures events together and were finalists at a Challenger tournament in Japan in 2011.
# 1686 in England

Events from the year 1686 in England.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – James II

## Events

* 21 June – judgement in the case of Godden v. Hales affirms the king's power to exercise his dispensing powers granting exemptions from anti-Catholic legislation. Heneage Finch is dismissed as Solicitor General for his refusal to defend the king's case.
* 10 July – Court of Ecclesiastical Commission created.
* 17 July – King James appoints four Catholics to the Privy Council of England.
* 5 November – Bar Convent in York established, making it the oldest surviving active Catholic convent in England.

### Undated

* A group of conspirators meet at Charborough House in Dorset to plan the overthrow of James II by Parliamentarians and the Dutch Stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (James's son-in-law).

## Publications

* Edmond Halley presents a systematic study of the trade winds and monsoons and identifies solar heating as the cause of atmospheric motions.
* John Playford publishes The Delightful Companion, containing the first publication of Henry Purcell's arrangement of "Lillibullero"; Thomas Wharton composes lyrics.
* Robert Plot publishes The Natural History of Staffordshire.

## Births

* 6 March – Christopher Packe, medical doctor and geologist (died 1749)
* 9 April – James Craggs the Younger, politician (died 1721)
* 29 April – Peregrine Bertie, 2nd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, statesman (died 1742)
* 5 June – Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk, aristocrat (died 1777; possibly born 1685)
* 12 August – John Balguy, philosopher (died 1748)
* 19 August – Eustace Budgell, writer (suicide 1737)
* 30 November – Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough, Whig politician (suicide 1740)

### Unknown dates

* Thomas Carte, historian (died 1754)
* George Clinton, naval officer, colonial governor and politician (died 1761)
* Giles Jacob, legal writer and literary critic (died 1744)
* William Law, clergyman (died 1761)

## Deaths

* 14 January – Sir Thomas Abdy, 1st Baronet, lawyer and landowner (born 1612)
* 19 January – Simon Digby, 4th Baron Digby, politician (born 1657)
* 10 February – Sir William Dugdale, antiquary (born 1605)
* 15 April – Sir Joseph Ashe, 1st Baronet, Whig politician and merchant (born 1618)
* 21 April – John Dolben, Archbishop of York (born 1625)
* 28 May – Paskah Rose, butcher, executioner and burglar (birth unknown)
* 23 June – Sir William Coventry, statesman (born c. 1628)
* 10 July – John Fell, Bishop of Oxford (born 1625)
* 16 July – John Pearson, theologian and scholar (born 1612)
* 28 July (bur.) – Thomas Watson, nonconformist Puritan preacher and author (born c. 1620)
* 26 October – John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, nobleman (born 1623)
* November – Jack Ketch, executioner employed by King Charles II (birth unknown)
* ca. November – John Playford, bookseller and music publisher (born 1623)
# 15 till Midnight

15 till Midnight is a 2010 science fiction film directed by Wolfgang Meyer and written by Brandon Slagle, who also stars in the film. The film also stars Dee Martin and Devanny Pinn.

## Plot

Lukas Reyes is trapped in a seemingly endless loop between parallel existences, one being occupied by his spouse, Sera, and another being occupied by a relation from another life, Nara. As worlds seem to begin colliding and further bleeding into one another, he finds himself pursued by a group of shadow-men known as "The Knowers". The common thread between everything being a significance with the time 11:45 - fifteen minutes until midnight.

## Cast

* Brandon Slagle as Lukas Reyes / Reverse Lukas
* Dee Martin as Damon
* Devanny Pinn as Nara
* Andrew Roth as Sarosta
* Andrea Chen as Sera
* Olivia Baseman as The Cipher
* Tony San Miguel as The Head Agent
* Thomas Daniel as Neal
# Vipsania (wife of Haterius)

Roman imperial dynasties :
Julio-Claudian dynasty :
Chronology :
Augustus 27 BC – AD 14 :
Tiberius AD 14–37 :
Caligula AD 37–41 :
Claudius AD 41–54 :
Nero AD 54–68 :
| Preceded by Roman Republic | Followed by Year of the Four Emperors |
vte :
Vipsania (likely born between 36 and 28 BC) was an ancient Roman noblewoman of the first century BC. She was married to the orator Quintus Haterius and was likely the daughter of Roman general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and his first wife Pomponia Caecilia Attica.

## History
### Early life

Vipsania is never directly referenced in surviving ancient Roman writing, but her existence can be inferred by her son's name, Decimus Haterius Agrippa, and his age. She has often been assumed to have been a daughter by her father's second wife Claudia Marcella Major, but Ronald Syme has rejected this theory, feeling that Decimus Agrippa was too old to have been the son of one of Marcella's daughters, thus she must have been born to Pomponia, her father's first wife. Syme has also argued that it is unlikely that a man of Haterius' stature would have been allowed to be honoured to the degree of marrying a grand-niece of Caesar Augustus. There are also those like Sabina Tariverdieva who believe that Haterius' wife was actually a sister of Agrippa, possibly his sister Vipsania Polla.
There has been some disagreement as to whether Vipsania was older or younger than her full sister Vipsania Agrippina (the wife of the future emperor Tiberius). If she was older, then her full name would possibly have been Vipsania Agrippina Major and if she was younger, Vipsania Agrippina Minor. Besides her full sister she also had several half siblings, Vipsania Marcella Major and Vipsania Marcella Minor from her father's second marriage, and Gaius Caesar, Lucius Caesar, Agrippina the Elder, Vipsania Julia and Agrippa Postumus from her father's third and last marriage to Julia the Elder (the daughter of emperor Caesar Augustus).

### Marriage

By the time of Vipsania's marriage to Haterius he was far older than her and a novus homo (meaning that no other man in his family had ever been a consul before him). Their son was likely born around 13 BC. After their marriage it would be another 50 years before any novus homo would be married to a member of the Julio-Claudians.

## Cultural depictions

Vipsania and her husband may be depicted in the Ara Pacis.
# 1879 Providence Grays season

The 1879 Providence Grays won the National League title in only their second season in the league.

## Regular season
### Season standings

vteNational League :
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Providence Grays | 59 | 25 | .702 | — | 34‍–‍8 | 25‍–‍17 |
| Boston Red Caps | 54 | 30 | .643 | 5 | 29‍–‍13 | 25‍–‍17 |
| Buffalo Bisons | 46 | 32 | .590 | 10 | 23‍–‍16 | 23‍–‍16 |
| Chicago White Stockings | 46 | 33 | .582 | 10½ | 29‍–‍13 | 17‍–‍20 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 43 | 37 | .537 | 14 | 21‍–‍16 | 22‍–‍21 |
| Cleveland Blues | 27 | 55 | .329 | 31 | 15‍–‍27 | 12‍–‍28 |
| Syracuse Stars | 22 | 48 | .314 | 30 | 11‍–‍22 | 11‍–‍26 |
| Troy Trojans | 19 | 56 | .253 | 35½ | 12‍–‍27 | 7‍–‍29 |

### Record vs. opponents

1879 National League recordvte Sources: :
| Team | BOS | BUF | CHI | CIN | CLE | PRV | SYR | TRO |
| Boston | — | 9–3 | 4–8 | 7–5 | 10–2 | 4–8 | 9–3 | 11–1 |
| Buffalo | 3–9 | — | 6–6–1 | 7–3 | 8–4 | 6–6 | 5–3 | 11–1 |
| Chicago | 8–4 | 6–6–1 | — | 3–8 | 8–4 | 5–7–1 | 8–1 | 8–3–2 |
| Cincinnati | 5–7 | 3–7 | 8–3 | — | 8–4 | 2–10 | 8–4–1 | 9–2 |
| Cleveland | 2–10 | 4–8 | 4–8 | 4–8 | — | 4–8 | 4–7 | 5–6 |
| Providence | 8–4 | 6–6 | 7–5–1 | 10–2 | 8–4 | — | 10–2 | 10–2 |
| Syracuse | 3–9 | 3–5 | 1–8 | 4–8–1 | 7–4 | 2–10 | — | 2–4 |
| Troy | 1–11 | 1–11 | 3–8–2 | 2–9 | 6–5 | 2–10 | 4–2 | — |

### Roster
## Player stats
### Batting
#### Starters by position

Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| C | Lew Brown | 53 | 229 | 59 | .258 | 2 | 38 |
| 1B | Joe Start | 66 | 317 | 101 | .319 | 2 | 37 |
| 2B | Mike McGeary | 85 | 374 | 103 | .275 | 0 | 35 |
| 3B | Bill Hague | 51 | 209 | 47 | .225 | 0 | 21 |
| SS | George Wright | 85 | 388 | 107 | .276 | 1 | 42 |
| OF | Paul Hines | 85 | 409 | 146 | .357 | 2 | 52 |
| OF | Tom York | 81 | 342 | 106 | .310 | 1 | 50 |
| OF | Jim O'Rourke | 81 | 362 | 126 | .348 | 1 | 46 |

#### Other batters

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| Emil Gross | 30 | 132 | 46 | .348 | 0 | 24 |
| Jack Farrell | 12 | 51 | 13 | .255 | 0 | 5 |
| Denny Sullivan | 5 | 19 | 5 | .263 | 0 | 2 |
| Rudy Kemmler | 2 | 7 | 1 | .143 | 0 | 0 |
| Dan O'Leary | 2 | 7 | 3 | .429 | 0 | 2 |
| Doug Allison | 1 | 5 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
| Bill White | 1 | 4 | 1 | .250 | 0 | 0 |

### Pitching
#### Starting pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| John Ward | 70 | 587.0 | 47 | 19 | 2.15 | 239 |
| Bobby Mathews | 27 | 189.0 | 12 | 6 | 2.29 | 90 |
# Garden State

Garden State may refer to:

## Official state nicknames

* New Jersey, U.S.
* Victoria (Australia)

## Arts and entertainment

* Garden State (film), a 2004 film by Zach Braff
** Garden State (soundtrack), the film's soundtrack
* Garden State (novel), a 1991 novel by Rick Moody
* The Garden State, a 1988 short story collection by Gary Krist
* "Garden State", a trance music track which was produced by Airbase
* "Garden State", a post-hardcore music track by Senses Fail

## Other uses

* Garden State Parkway, a toll road in New Jersey
* Garden State Discovery Museum, a children's museum in Cherry Hill, New Jersey
* Garden State Life Insurance Company, which was founded in New Jersey but is now headquartered in League City, Texas
* Garden State Plaza, a shopping mall in Paramus, New Jersey
# 1878 Princeton Tigers football team

The 1878 Princeton Tigers football team represented the College of New Jersey, then more commonly known as Princeton College, in the 1878 college football season. The team finished with a 6–0 record and allowed only one goal. The Tigers were retroactively named national champions by the Billingsley Report, National Championship Foundation, and Parke H. Davis. This season marked Princeton's eighth national championship, and one of 11 in a 13-year period between 1869 and 1881. The team's captain was Bland Ballard.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 19 | | Penn | University groundsPrinceton, NJ (rivalry) | W 2–0 | |
| October 26 | 2:34 p.m. | Stevens | University groundsPrinceton, NJ | W 4–0 | |
| November 2 | | Rutgers | Princeton, NJ (rivalry) | W 5–0 | |
| November 9 | 2:30 p.m. | at Penn | Germantown Cricket Club groundsPhiladelphia, PA | W 2–1 | |
| November 16 | 2:30 p.m. | at Harvard | Boston Baseball GroundsBoston, MA (rivalry) | W 1–0 | 1,000 |
| November 28 | 2:25 p.m. | vs. Yale | St. George's Cricket Club groundsHoboken, NJ (rivalry) | W 1–0 | |