OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 8-Oxoguanine

8-Oxoguanine (8-hydroxyguanine, 8-oxo-Gua, or OH$^8$Gua) is one of the most common DNA lesions resulting from reactive oxygen species modifying guanine, and can result in a mismatched pairing with adenine resulting in G to T and C to A substitutions in the genome. In humans, it is primarily repaired by DNA glycosylase OGG1. It can be caused by ionizing radiation, in connection with oxidative metabolism.

## In body fluids

Increased concentrations of 8-oxoguanine in body fluids have been found to be associated with increased risk of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.
Care must be taken in the assay of 8-oxoguanine due to the ease with which it can be oxidised during extraction and the assay procedure.

## Cancer, aging, infertility

The role of the deoxyriboside form of 8-oxoguanine, 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (abbreviated 8-oxo-dG or 8-OHdG) in cancer and aging also applies to 8-oxoguanine. Oxoguanine glycosylase is employed in the removal of 8-oxoguanine from DNA by the process of base excision repair. As described in oxoguanine glycosylase, deficient expression of this enzyme causes 8-oxoguanine to accumulate in DNA. This accumulation may then lead upon replication of DNA to mutations including some that contribute to carcinogenesis. 8-oxoguanine is usually formed by the interaction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the guanine base in DNA under conditions of oxidative stress; as noted in the article about them, such species may have a role in aging and male infertility, and 8-oxoguanine can be used to measure such stress.
# Phryganophilus

Phryganophilus is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Melandryidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America.
Species:
* Phryganophilus angustatus Pic, 1953
* Phryganophilus auritus Motschulsky, 1845
# Issifou Okoulou-Kantchati

Issifou Okoulou-Kantchati (23 January 1951 – 20 October 2016) was a Togolese politician, who last served in the government of Togo as Minister of City Planning and Housing.

## Biography

Okoulou-Kantchati was born in Mango, located in the Oti Prefecture of Togo. He studied in France and became a member of the Central Committee of the Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) in 1977. In the 1990s, Okoulou-Kantchati headed the Alliance of Democrats for the Republic (ADR), a political party. He was Quaestor of the High Council of the Republic, which was established as the transitional parliament in 1991. In an August 1996 by-election for a seat in the National Assembly from Oti, Okoulou-Kantchati, standing as the ADR candidate, placed second in the first round, receiving 32.89% of the vote against 40.19% for RPT candidate Stanislas Baba. Baba then narrowly defeated him in the second round, receiving 51.41% of the vote.
Okoulou-Kantchati later joined the RPT. In the March 1999 parliamentary election, he was elected to the National Assembly as the RPT candidate in the First Constituency of Oti Prefecture; he faced no opposition and won the seat with 100% of the vote. He was re-elected to the National Assembly in the October 2002 parliamentary election and served as President of the Finance Commission in the National Assembly. On 29 July 2003, Okoulou-Kantchati was appointed to the government as Minister of Energy and Water Resources.
His house in Mango was attacked by opposition supporters amidst the violence that surrounded the April 2005 presidential election. After that election, he was moved to the post of Minister of the Environment and Forest Resources on 20 June 2005. He was the first candidate on the RPT's candidate list for Oti constituency in the October 2007 parliamentary election and won a seat. At the time of the election, he was the RPT Coordinator in Savanes Region. Following the election, he was designated as one of seven members of a committee to amend the National Assembly's rules of procedure on 14 November 2007. He remained in the government that was formed after the election in December 2007.
Okoulou-Kantchati remained in his post as Minister of the Environment and Forest Resources until 15 September 2008, when he was instead appointed as Minister of City Planning and Housing.
# HOXA13

Homeobox protein Hox-A13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXA13 gene.

## Function

In vertebrates, the genes encoding the class of transcription factors called homeobox genes are found in clusters named A, B, C, and D on four separate chromosomes. Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation.

## Clinical significance

Expansion of a polyalanine tract in the encoded protein can cause hand-foot-genital syndrome, also known as hand-foot-uterus syndrome. Aberrant expression of HoxA13 gene products in the esophagus, provokes Barrett’s esophagus, a form of metaplasia that is a direct precursor to esophageal cancer.
# Hale Eddy, New York

Hale Eddy is a hamlet in Delaware County, New York, United States. It is located south-southeast of Deposit on New York State Route 17 (NY 17). At-grade intersections occur along NY 17 through Hale Eddy though the highway is otherwise a freeway on either side of the hamlet. The West Branch Delaware River flows east through the hamlet.
# Halgerda maricola

Halgerda maricola is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks in the family Discodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Rottnest Island, Western Australia.
# 1963 in Denmark

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events from the year 1963 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Frederik IX
* Prime minister – Jens Otto Krag

## Sports
### Badminton

* 19–23 March – All England Badminton Championships
** Erland Kops wins gold in Men's Singles
** Finn Kobberø and Jørgen Hammergaard Hansen win gold in Men's Doubles
** Finn Kobberø and Ulla Strand win gold medal in Mixed Doubles

### Football

* 18 December – Denmark qualifies for the final tournament of the 1964 European Nations' Cup in France by defeating Luxemburg in the second round of the 1964 European Nations' Cup qualifying.

## Births
### January–March

* 26 February – Jan Friis-Mikkelsen, chef and restaurateur
* 28 March – Morten Kirkskov, actor, theatre director and writer

### April–June

* 7 April – Fredrik Lundin, jazz saxophonist
* 24 June – Jascha Richter, singer-songwriter, frontman of Michael Learns to Rock

### July–September

* 4 July – Jan Mølby, football player, football coach
* 15 July – Brigitte Nielsen, actress, model, and singer
* 25 September – Peter Have, politician

### October–December

* 3 October – Niels Lan Doky, jazz pianist, record producer
* 13 October – Henrik Qvortrup, journalist
* 18 November – Peter Schmeichel, footballer
* 6 December – Ulrich Thomsen, Danish actor and producer
* 26 December – Lars Ulrich, drummer, co-founder of Metallica
* 27 December – Claus Meyer, restaurateur, culinary entrepreneur, cookbook writer

## Deaths

* 20 February – Jacob Gade, violinist and composer (born 1879)
* 14 April – Anna Borg, Danish-Icelandic actress (born 1903)
* 3 July – Povl Baumann, architect (born 1878)
* 5 July – Aagot Lading, educator (died 1909)
# Gmina Dąbrowa Tarnowska

Gmina Dąbrowa Tarnowska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbrowa Tarnowska, which lies approximately 76 kilometres (47 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.
The gmina covers an area of 113.43 square kilometres (43.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 20,180 (out of which the population of Dąbrowa Tarnowska amounts to 11,259, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,921).

## Villages

Apart from the town of Dąbrowa Tarnowska, Gmina Dąbrowa Tarnowska contains the villages and settlements of Brnik, Gruszów Mały, Gruszów Wielki, Laskówka Chorąska, Lipiny, Lipiny, Morzychna, Nieczajna Dolna, Nieczajna Górna, Smęgorzów, Sutków, Szarwark and Żelazówka.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Dąbrowa Tarnowska is bordered by the gminas of Lisia Góra, Mędrzechów, Olesno, Radgoszcz, Szczucin and Żabno.
# 8-Phenyltheophylline

8-Phenyltheophylline (8-phenyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine, 8-PT) is a drug derived from the xanthine family which acts as a potent and selective antagonist for the adenosine receptors A$_1$ and A$_{2A}$, but unlike other xanthine derivatives has virtually no activity as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It has stimulant effects in animals with similar potency to caffeine. Coincidentally 8-phenyltheophylline has also been found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of the liver enzyme CYP1A2 which makes it likely to cause interactions with other drugs which are normally metabolised by CYP1A2.
# Phryganopsis cinerella

Phryganopsis cinerella is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Wallengren in 1860. It is found in Kenya, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
# Issiet Ekim

Issiet Ekim is a village in Uruan local government area of Akwa Ibom state in Nigeria.
# I've Got a Rock in My Sock

I've Got a Rock in My Sock is a blues album by American blues guitarist and singer Rory Block, released in 1986 by Rounder Records. Taj Mahal and Stevie Wonder contributed to the album. "Moon's Goin' Down" is a cover of the Charlie Patton song.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
The Atlanta Journal-Constitution wrote that Block "may lack the soul and intensity of the late Janis Joplin, but the lady can sing some blues-based pop."

## Track listing

* "Send the Man Back Home" (Block) 3:33
* "Moon's Goin' Down" (Patton) – 3:25
* "Gypsie Boy" (Block) – 5:19
* "I've Got a Rock in My Sock" (Block) – 3:01
* "Foreign Lander" (Traditional) – 0:45
* "Goin' Back to the Country" (Block) – 4:27
* "M and O Blues" (Brown) – 3:23
* "Lovin' Whiskey" (Block) – 4:06
* "Highland Overture" (Block) – 4:28
# Sun Huan (Jiming)

Sun Huan (195-234), courtesy name Jiming, was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. He was the fourth son of Sun Jing, uncle of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Wu, and a younger brother of Sun Jiao (孫皎).

## Life

Born in the county of Wu, he was raised to be a soldier for the glory of the Sun family. In 212, his elder brother Jiao was promoted to general and left in charge of Xiakou in Jiangxia, replacing the general Cheng Pu (程普) who had organised the defences of this territory after it was transferred to Liu Bei, two years earlier. Sun Huan entered military service serving under his elder brother Jiao for several years. In 219, Jiao died and Sun Huan inherited the command of Jiao's men. He was then named General of the Household and acted as Administrator of Jiangxia. He was tasked with protecting the contested border with Wei. He distinguished himself against Shu in the battle of Yiling under Lu Xun in 222. In 226, despite Sun Quan's unsuccessful campaign to seize northern Jiangxia, he captured three Wei generals at Shiyang and was then enfeoffed for his achievements.
He died in 234 and was well remembered by the people of Wu, who praised him for his contributions to promoting scholarship in Jiangxia.
# Karin Künzle

Karin Künzle (born 25 November 1954) is a Swiss former pair skater who competed with her twin brother, Christian Künzle. They are the 1973 Grand Prix International St. Gervais champions and seven-time Swiss national champions. The pair placed seventh at the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria.

## Competitive highlights

With Christian Künzle
International :
| Event | 69–70 | 70–71 | 71–72 | 72–73 | 73–74 | 74–75 | 75–76 |
| Winter Olympics | | | | | | | 7th |
| World Champ. | | 16th | | 10th | 7th | 8th | |
| European Champ. | 14th | 12th | 14th | 7th | 6th | 5th | 5th |
| Kennedy Memorial | 7th | | | | | | |
| St. Gervais | | | | 3rd | 1st | | |
| National ||||||||
| Swiss Champ. | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# 1937 Italian Grand Prix

The 1937 Italian Grand Prix was a "750 kg Formula" Grand Prix race held on 12 September 1937 at the Montenero Circuit in Livorno.

## Race report

Caracciola took an early lead from pole, Lang was second but he soon took the lead from Caracciola, the two Mercedes drivers pushing each other hard. Team manager Alfred Neubauer was not impressed by the internal fighting. The partisan crowd were disappointed when the Italian Nuvolari retired and gave his car to Farina.
Von Brauchitsch and Kautz were out, the two leading Mercedes had a fierce fight to the flag with Caracciola blocking any attempt to pass by Lang. Rosemeyer couldn't match their pace and Caracciola held on for a win with Lang just 0.4s behind him at the flag.

## Classification

| Pos | No | Driver | Team | Car | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| 1 | 2 | Rudolf Caracciola | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz W125 | 50 | 2:44:54.4 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 6 | Hermann Lang | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz W125 | 50 | + 0.4 | 4 | 2 |
| 3 | 12 | Bernd Rosemeyer | Auto Union | Auto Union C | 50 | + 2:25.4 | 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 8 | Richard Seaman | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz W125 | 49 | + 1 Lap | 8 | 4 |
| 5 | 18 | Hermann Paul Müller | Auto Union | Auto Union C | 49 | + 1 Lap | 10 | 4 |
| 6 | 14 | Achille Varzi | Auto Union | Auto Union C | 49 | + 1 Lap | 2 | 4 |
| 7 | 22 | Tazio Nuvolari | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo 12C-36 | 49 | + 1 Lap | 7 | 4 |
| 7 | 22 | Giuseppe Farina | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo 12C-36 | 49 | + 1 Lap | 7 | n/a |
| 8 | 26 | Carlo Felice Trossi | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo 12C-36 | 47 | + 3 Laps | 9 | 4 |
| 9 | 16 | Hans Stuck | Auto Union | Auto Union C | 47 | + 3 Laps | 5 | 4 |
| 9 | 16 | Rudolf Hasse | Auto Union | Auto Union C | 47 | + 3 Laps | 5 | n/a |
| 10 | 20 | Vittorio Belmondo | Private entry | Alfa Romeo C | 45 | + 5 Laps | 15 | 4 |
| DNF | 10 | Christian Kautz | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz W125 | 43 | | 14 | 4 |
| DNF | 28 | Clemente Biondetti | Private entry | Alfa Romeo C | 38 | | 13 | 4 |
| DNF | 4 | Manfred von Brauchitsch | Daimler-Benz AG | Mercedes-Benz W125 | 36 | Mechanical | 6 | 5 |
| DNF | 30 | Giovanbattista Guidotti | Alfa Corse | Alfa Romeo 12C-37 | 24 | Mechanical | 11 | 6 |
| DNF | 24 | Giuseppe Farina | Scuderia Ferrari | Alfa Romeo 12C-36 | 13 | Mechanical | 12 | 6 |
| * (AIACR European Driver Championship round) - Sources: |||||||||
# Halgerda meringuecitrea

Halgerda meringuecitrea is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Discodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from a specimen collected at Zavora, Mozambique, 24°33′52″S 35°17′27″E﻿ / ﻿24.564444°S 35.290833°E﻿ / -24.564444; 35.290833 at depth of 33 m (108 ft) and five other specimens collected nearby.
# Helen Valeska Bary

Helen Valeska Bary (1888 - June 22, 1973) was an American suffragist and helped establish the U.S. government social welfare administration. She campaigned for suffrage at the state and local level. In 1914, she worked for the California Industrial Welfare Commission investigating the working conditions of women laundry workers, which she wrote about in her report, "The Employment of Women and Minors in the Laundry Industry of California" in 1917. Shortly after World War I, she worked in Porto Rico for the Federal Children's Bureau as a researcher and social reformer, reporting on the living conditions of indigent and homeless children on the island. In her 1921 paper, "The Trend of Child Welfare Work", published in the North American Review, Bary wrote, "The greatest enemy of childhood has been the fatalistic complacency with which every phase of child life has been regarded". Bary worked for the federal Social Security Board (SSB) since its inception in 1935 during the Great Depression. She worked there until 1948, representing the SSB in western states, helping them to develop social welfare reform plans in order to receive federal money. Shortly before her death in 1973, Bary was one of twelve women interviewed by Jacqueline Parker for her work on the Suffragist Oral History Project for the UC Berkeley Oral History Center, "in order to document their activities in behalf of passage of the Nineteenth Amendment and their continuing careers as leaders of movements for welfare and labor reform, world peace, and the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment".
# Herbert Richards

Herbert Clarence Richards (30 January 1876 – 11 April 1949) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seat of Sturt from 1921 to 1930 for the Liberal Union and Liberal Federation.
# Giovanni de Primis

Giovanni de Primis, O.S.B. (Latin: Joannes de Primo) (1570–1623) was a Catholic cardinal.

## Biography

De Primis was born in Catania, Italy. (His surname may be rendered as de' Primi; De Prima; De Primo; De Primi; or De Prim; and he was often called Giovanni di Sicilia). In 1422, he entered the Benedictine Abbey of Santa Giustina in Padua. The date of his ordination is uncertain. In 1427, he served as definitor and scribe of his order and was elected as abott of the monastery of Santa Paolo fuori le Mura in Rome where he served until 1434. In 1439, he was named abbot of Santa Giustina. He was seminal in securing the peace between Alfonso V of Aragon and René of Anjou and was recognized for his efforts on 22 April 1444 by Pope Eugenius IV who named him as apostolic nuncio to the Kingdom of Trinacria (Sicily). On 28 May 1444 he founded the University of Catania. On 16 December 1446 he was elevated to the cardinalate as Cardinal-Priest of Santa Sabina. On 3 February 1447 he was named Administrator of Catania, and on 2 December 1448 he was named as bishop of the diocese. It is not certain if he ever received episcopal consecration or took possession of the diocese.
He participated in the papal conclave of 1447 which elected Pope Nicholas V. De Primis died in Naples on 21 January 1449, where he is buried at the Benedictine Cassinese church of Santa Severino.
# Issiaka Ouattara

Issiaka Ouattara (1967 – 5 January 2020) was an Ivorian military serviceman. He served as lieutenant colonel and was part of the Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire. Ouattara was also a major player in the First Ivorian Civil War.
# Sun Huanhuan

Sun Huanhuan (Chinese: 孙欢欢; born 15 March 1990) is a Chinese female racewalking athlete who competes in the 20 kilometres race walk event. She received a silver medal retroactively at the World Championships in Athletics in 2013 after the original gold and silver medallists were disqualified for doping.
She first began competing in 2007 but it was not until 2013 that she received her first international call-up. A member of the People's Army, she entered her first international event at the Taicang leg of the 2013 IAAF Race Walking Challenge. She surprised by winning the competition, beating Olympic medallist Qieyang Shenjie among others. Two months later she competed at the 2013 Chinese National Games, but could only managed fifth in a quick contest (Lü Xiuzhi was the winner).
At the 2013 World Championships in Athletics she placed fourth behind compatriot Liu Hong. The runner-up, Anisya Kirdyapkina was disqualified for doping and had her silver medal stripped in 2019. The winner, Russia's Elena Lashmanova was disqualified for doping in 2014, but her medal stood until it was disqualified by the Athletics Integrity Unit in 2021 when Sun was upgraded to silver. Sun was part of China's silver medal-winning team at the 2014 IAAF World Race Walking Cup, taking 20th individually. She missed national selection in 2015 and 2016, with her most notable result in the period being third in Taicang on the 2015 IAAF Race Walking Challenge.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 2nd | 20 km walk | 1:28:32 |
| 2014 | World Race Walking Cup | Taicang, China | 20th | 20 km walk | 1:29:20 |
| 2014 | World Race Walking Cup | Taicang, China | 2nd | Team | 22 pts |
# 1937 Islington North by-election

The 1937 Islington North by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 13 October 1937 for the British House of Commons constituency of Islington North in Islington, North London.
The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Albert Goodman, died on 22 August 1937, aged 57. He had held the seat since the 1931 general election.
The result of the contest was a victory for the Labour candidate, Leslie Haden-Guest, who won with a majority of 1,296 over the Conservative candidate, former MP Sir Wilfrid Sugden. Haden Guest represented the constituency until he stepped down at the 1950 general election.
The constituency has been held by Labour ever since, save for a brief period in the 1980s when incumbent Labour MP Michael O'Halloran joined the breakaway Social Democratic Party.
Islington North by-election, 1937 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labour | Leslie Haden-Guest | 13,523 | 52.5 | +6.9 |
| | Conservative | Wilfrid Sugden | 12,227 | 47.5 | −6.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,296 | 5.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 27,750 | 40.4 | −19.3 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 63,747 | | |
| | Labour gain from Conservative | Labour gain from Conservative | Swing | +6.9 | |
# Haliç Bridge (disambiguation)

The Haliç Bridge is a highway bridge on the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey.
Haliç Bridge may also refer to:
* Atatürk Bridge
* Galata Bridge
or:
# Helena Morsztynkiewiczowa

Helena Kurkiewicz-Morsztynkiewiczowa (1894 – 2 July 1983 in Warsaw) was a Polish architect and urban planner. During World War I, she was active in a Polish military organization.

## Career

Morsztynkiewiczowa graduated from the Faculty of Architecture of the Warsaw University of Technology In 1928. She designed Spatial planning for Polish cities, including: Busko-Zdrój, Falenica, Otwock, Zakopane, the Oksywie estate in Gdynia together with the Workers' Colony Estate. Her plans also included Mokotów Field in Warsaw, Piaski, Żerań and Żoliborz.
From 1935, She was an evaluator of the Urban Planning Commission of the Association of Polish Cities. During the Polish Housing Congress in 1937, on behalf of a group of architects, she presented revolutionary proposals for social housing and cheap construction, identifying the Polish government as the regulator of land prices for such development and the buyer of the land. For city-wide purposes, she was the editor of the "Urban Planning Bulletin".
During World War II, she worked in the "U" Studio of the Warsaw Housing Cooperative. She belonged to the team led by Zygmunt Skibnevski, which planned the development of the northern part of the left-bank Warsaw. From 1945 she worked in the Department of Reconstruction of the Capital. She was an honorary member of the Association of Polish Town Planners.

## Death

She was buried at the Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw (card no. 5-2-236).

## Awards

* Cross of Independence 1919.
* Golden Badge of the Reconstruction of Warsaw 1947.
* Silver Badge of the Reconstruction of Warsaw 1950.
* Gold Cross of Merit 1954 and 1956.
* Silver Cross of Merit.
* Bronze Cross of Merit.
* Medal of the 10th Anniversary of People's Poland.
# Hereford, Missouri

Hereford is an unincorporated community in northwest Callaway County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is on Missouri Route DD 2.5 miles north of I-70.

## History

A post office called Hereford was established in 1898, and remained in operation until 1907. The community was named after the Hereford cattle near the site.