OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lyonothamnus

Lyonothamnus is a monotypic genus of trees in the rose family containing the single living species Lyonothamnus floribundus, which is known by the common name Catalina ironwood, and the subspecies L. f. ssp. aspleniifolius and L. f. ssp. floribundus.

## Description

Lyonothamnus is endemic to the Channel Islands of California, where it grows in the chaparral and oak woodlands of the rocky coastal canyons.
This is a tree growing up to 15 metres (49 ft) tall with peeling reddish gray or brown bark. The evergreen leaves are shiny, dark green with lighter undersides, and borne on short petioles. The two subspecies have different leaf shapes. The inflorescence is a cluster of woolly white flowers with many short, whiskery stamens. The fruit is a pair of hard follicles.
In natural populations on the islands the tree grows in distinct groves. Isozyme analysis has determined that each grove is a clonal colony in the landscape. Each ironwood clone, or genet, is a group of genetically identical individuals comprising a dozen to several hundred tree trunks, or ramets. Later studies with DNA (RAPD) analysis also found that the trees are clonal.
Conservation
Because island ironwoods are clonal there are fewer genetic individuals on each island. Isolated clones in the steep rugged terrain can influence cross pollination. Limited cross pollination may be a reason for low seed production/viability observed in natural populations on the island.
Genetic integrity of each island’s population of Lyonothamnus floribundus is important. Care must be used by island resource managers to protect the genetic integrity of natural populations by prohibiting introduction of Lyonothamnus from other islands and/or the mainland (nursery stock). Two introductions of L. f. ssp. aspleniifolius have occurred on Santa Catalina Island and pose a threat to the native L. f. ssp. floribundus populations.

## Systematics

Lyonothamnus is currently a geographically restricted island endemic genus containing one species with two subspecies. Discoveries of fossils have suggested that the genus once comprised several species, all but one now extinct, which grew on the mainland in the southwestern United States.

### Subspecies

There are two subspecies which have different leaf morphology, and geographic distributions.
* ssp. aspleniifolius is endemic to Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, and San Clemente islands, and has palmately to pinnately compound leaves.
* ssp. floribundus is endemic to Santa Catalina Island Catalina Island, has simple linear to oblong, generally entire leaves with sometimes irregular lobes at the base of the leaf. Seedling leaves are often compound, but less so in one year old plus individuals.
Note: Spelling descrepency with L. f. ssp aspleniifolius it is spelled asplenifolius in Jepson Manual (book 1993) and spelled aspeniifolius in JepsoneFlora and Flora of North America.

## Cultivation

The Lyonothamnus ssp. aspleniifolius tree is grown in the horticulture nursery trade and used in landscape design; in drought tolerant, California native plants, traditional, and habitat-wildlife gardens; in public landscapes and private garden settings.
# EtherSound

EtherSound is an audio-over-Ethernet technology for audio engineering and broadcast engineering applications. EtherSound is developed and licensed by Digigram.
EtherSound is intended by the developer to be compliant with IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standards. Just as the IEEE defines rates such as 100 Megabit and Gigabit Ethernet standards, EtherSound has been developed as both ES-100 (for use on dedicated 100 Megabit Ethernet networks or within a Gigabit network as a VLAN) and ES-Giga (for use on dedicated Gigabit Ethernet networks). The two versions of EtherSound are not compatible.

## Network technology

While Ethersound is compliant with the IEEE 802.3 physical layer standards, logically it uses a token passing scheme for transporting audio data which prevents all of its features from being used on a standard Ethernet network. On a standard network, it is only able to distribute audio and control data one way. It is not designed to share Ethernet LANs with typical office operations data or Internet traffic such as email. It supports two-way communications only when wired in a daisy chain topology. For this reason Ethersound is best used in applications suitable to a daisy chain network topology or in live sound applications that benefit from its low point-to-point latency.

## Low latency

Low latency is important for many users of audio over Ethernet technologies. EtherSound can deliver up to 64 channels of 48 kHz, 24-bit PCM audio data with a network latency of 125 microseconds.
If A/D and D/A conversions are included, this latency is about 1.5 milliseconds, the major part of this latency being caused by the converters. Each device in a daisy-chain network adds 1.4 microseconds of latency.
EtherSound's network latency is stable and deterministic; The delay between any two devices on an EtherSound network can be calculated.

## EtherSound Licensees

The following companies have licensed the EtherSound technology.
* Allen & Heath
* Amadeus
* Apex Audio
* Archean Technologies
* Audio Performance
* AuviTran
* AuxTran
* Barix
* Bittner Audio
* Bouyer
* CAMCO Audio
* Crest
* DiGiCo
* Digigram
* Focusrite
* Fostex
* Innovason
* Klein + Hummel
* LabX technologies
* Martin Audio
* Mediachip
* Nexo
* Peavey Electronics
* Pinanson
* QSC
* Richmond Sound Design
* Studer
* VTG Audio
* Whirlwind
* Yamaha Corporation
# Escapee

Escapee or Escapees may refer to:
* A person who has escaped from imprisonment or confinement, particularly:
** A fugitive
** A person who has made a prison escape
** A defector from an authoritarian regime
* "Escapee", a song from the 2011 Architecture in Helsinki album, Moment Bends
* The Escapees, alternate title of the 1981 film, Les Paumées du Petit Matin
* OnEscapee, 1997 action-adventure video game
# MK-2060

MK-2060 is an experimental monoclonal antibody and factor XI inhibitor in development as an antithrombosis agent.
# Etain

Etain (also Étain, Étáin) can refer to:
* Étaín, a character from Irish mythology
* the fairy princess in Rutland Boughton's opera The Immortal Hour
* the fairy princess in the play The Immortal Hour (play)
* Étain, Meuse, a commune in the Meuse département in France
* Étain-Rouvres Air Base (also Étain Air Base), former name of Base Lieutenant Étienne Mantoux
* Étain, the French word for tin or pewter
# Lyudmila Derevyankina

Lyudmila Derevyankina (born 15 June 1966) is a retired middle distance runner who represented the USSR and later Kyrgyzstan.
She set her career best times while representing Soviet Union. In the summer of 1988 she ran the 800 metres in 1:58.85 minutes, and the 1500 metres in 4:05.89 minutes. These times were considered Kyrgyz records.
For Kyrgyzstan she competed at the 1993 World Indoor Championships, although she did not finish the race.
# MN-123 mine

The MN-123 is a Polish scatterable anti-tank mine. The mine is a flat cylinder, with a bevelled edge. It is normally deployed from a ground vehicle, using a dispensing system holding 80 mines. The mine can also be manually laid. Like the MN-121 mine, it uses a magnetic influence fuze which detects when a vehicle passes over it. It also has an anti-handling device. Both faces of the mine have a Misznay Schardin effect shaped charge, which is reportedly able to penetrate 60 millimeters of armour at an offset of 0.3 meters.

## Specifications

* Height: 90 mm
* Diameter: 180 mm
* Weight: 3.5 kg
# MN-111

The MN-111 is a Polish air-dropped anti-tank landmine. The mine is designed for use on soft ground. The mine is cylindrical with six spring-loaded fins attached to one end of the mine, with the cylinder drawn to a point at the opposite end which is topped with a small wind vane. The mine is stored with the fins wrapped round the outside of the mine. Once the mine is dropped from the aircraft the fins spring outward, acting as a drag parachute, slowing the rate of descent to a peak speed of about 60 meters per second. As the mine drops the wind vane spins, generating the power used to arm the mine.
The mine is designed to penetrate soft ground up to the fins, which spread out flat across the ground. The mine uses a magnetic influence fuze, which is triggered by the magnetic field of an armoured vehicle. It also has an anti-handling device which triggers the mine if it is disturbed.
The warhead is a shaped charge or Misznay-Schardin effect design that the manufacturer claims can penetrate 70 millimeters of armour at a stand-off of half a meter.

## Specifications

* Weight: 3.5 kg
* Diameter: 116 mm
* Height: 225 mm
* Explosive content: 0.8 kg of Hexogen
# Eucalyptus grossa

Eucalyptus grossa, commonly known as coarse-leaved mallee, is a species of mallee or rarely a straggly tree, that is endemic to Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and all but the thinnest branches, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, yellowish green flowers and cup-shaped to cylindrical fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus grossa is a mallee, rarely a straggly tree or sometimes a shrub, that grows to a height of 0.5–5 m (1 ft 8 in – 16 ft 5 in) and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, fibrous, grey to brownish bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have more or less egg-shaped leaves that are 45–80 mm (1.8–3.1 in) long and 30–55 mm (1.2–2.2 in) wide. Adult leaves are egg-shaped to broadly lance-shaped, glossy green, 75–125 mm (3.0–4.9 in) long and 25–55 mm (0.98–2.17 in) wide on a petiole 15–45 mm (0.59–1.77 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils on a thick, downturned, unbranched peduncle 10–35 mm (0.39–1.38 in) long, the individual buds sessile or on thick pedicels up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long. Mature buds are 18–32 mm (0.71–1.26 in) long and 7–13 mm (0.28–0.51 in) wide with a conical operculum. Flowering occurs mainly from August to November and the flowers are yellowish green. The fuit is a woody, cylindrical capsule 14,020 mm (552 in) long and 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) wide with the valves at or below rim level.

## Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus grossa was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham in Flora Australiensis from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller. The type collection was made by George Maxwell near the Phillips River and its tributaries. The specific epithet (grossa) is from the Latin grossus, meaning 'thick' or 'coarse', referring to the leaves, buds and fruit.

## Distribution and habitat

Coarse-leaved mallee grows around granite rocks and in thickets on flat and slightly undulating ground from near Newdegate to the south and east of Norseman in the Coolgardie, Esperance Plains and Mallee biogeographic regions.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by botanist George Bentham in 1867.

## Conservation status

This eucalypt is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

## Uses
### Use in horticulture

This species has ornamental flowers and can be maintained as a dense, compact shrub if regular pruning is undertaken. It has proved adaptable to a wide range of conditions in temperate areas in Australia.

### Cultural references

The coarse-leaved mallee appeared on a 50 cent Australian postage stamp in 2005.
* Cultivated specimen in Huntington Gardens, Los Angeles
# MINOS (optimization software)

MINOS is a Fortran software package for solving linear and nonlinear mathematical optimization problems. MINOS (Modular In-core Nonlinear Optimization System) may be used for linear programming, quadratic programming, and more general objective functions and constraints, and for finding a feasible point for a set of linear or nonlinear equalities and inequalities.
MINOS was first developed by Bruce Murtagh and Michael Saunders, mostly at the Systems Optimization Laboratory in the Department of Operations Research at Stanford University. In 1985, Saunders was awarded the inaugural Orchard-Hays prize by the Mathematical Programming Society (now the Mathematical Optimization Society) for his work on MINOS. Despite being one of the first general-purpose constrained optimization solvers to emerge, the package remains heavily used. MINOS is supported in the AIMMS, AMPL, APMonitor, GAMS, and TOMLAB modeling systems. In addition, it remains one of the top-used solvers on the NEOS Server and in GAMS.

## Operation

Ideally, the user should provide gradients of the nonlinear functions. (This is automatic in most of the modeling systems mentioned above.) If some or all of the gradients are not provided, MINOS will approximate the missing ones by finite differences, but this could be slow and less reliable. If the objective function is convex and the constraints are linear, the solution obtained will be a global minimizer. Otherwise, the solution obtained may be a local minimizer.
For linear programs, a two-phase primal simplex method is used. The first phase minimizes the sum of infeasibilities. For problems with linear constraints and a nonlinear objective, a reduced-gradient method is used. A quasi-Newton approximation to the reduced Hessian is maintained to obtain search directions. The method is most efficient when many constraints or bounds are active at the solution.
For problems with nonlinear constraints, a linearly constrained Lagrangian method is used. This involves a sequence of major iterations, each of which solves (perhaps approximately) a linearly constrained subproblem. The subproblem objective is an augmented Lagrangian, and the subproblem constraints are linearizations of the nonlinear constraints at the current point.
MINOS is intended for large sparse problems. There is no fixed limit on problem size. Most working storage is contained in one double-precision array (which should be sufficiently large). The source code is suitable for all scientific machines with a Fortran compiler.
# Ethecon Foundation

Ethecon Foundation is a German environmental organisation, which describes itself as a "foundation for ethics and economy". Founded in 2004, Ethecon started presenting annual awards, the Blue Planet Award which is given for actions deemed to be protecting the environment, and conversely the Black Planet Award given to those deemed to be destroying it, in 2006. The foundation has initiated campaigns against Monsanto, Nestlé, Blackwater and TEPCO and has contributed to the construction of a self-governing children's hospital in Fukushima, which commenced operation in 2013.

## Blue Planet Award recipients

* 2006 – Diane Wilson, environmental activist
* 2007 – Vandana Shiva, environmental activist
* 2008 – Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela
* 2009 – Uri Avnery, Israeli peace activist
* 2010 – Elias Bierdel, human-rights activist
* 2011 – Angela Davis, political activist
* 2012 – Jean Ziegler, human-rights activist
* 2013 – Esther Béjarano, Holocaust survivor
* 2014/15 – Tomo Križnar, Slovenian peace activist
* 2016 – Huberto Juárez Núnez, Mexican social activist
* 2017 – Hanna Poddig, german environmental activist
* 2018 – Ann Wright, US peace activist
* 2019 – Rachna Dhingra, Indian human rights activist

## Black Planet Award recipients

* 2006 – Monsanto
* 2007 – Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, Chairman of Nestle, and Nestle shareholder Liliane Bettencourt were chosen by the Ethecon Foundation because in their opinion Nestle had engaged in "irresponsible marketing of baby-food, genetic engineering and the monopolizing of water."
* 2008 – Xe Services. The award was delivered in person to Erik Prince, CEO of Xe Services at the time.
* 2009 – Formosa Plastics Group and its CEO, Lee Chih-tsuen. Former Blue Planet winner Diane Wilson travelled to Taiwan to deliver the award in person.
* 2010 - BP for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
* 2011 – Tokyo Electric Power Company for the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
* 2012 – Glencore Xstrata along with Ivan Glasenberg (CEO), Simon Murray (Chairman) and Tony Hayward (committee for environment, health and safety)
* 2013 – (the CEO and major shareholders of) Deutsche Bank
* 2014/15 – CEOs Andrew Liveris and James Ringler and major shareholders of Dow Chemical Company
* 2016 – CEOs Muhtar Kent and James Quincey and major shareholders of The Coca-Cola Company, Warren Buffett and Herbert Allen Jr.
* 2017 – CEOs Armin Papperger and Ulrich Grillo and major shareholders of Rheinmetall, Larry Fink (Black Rock) and Paul Manduca
* 2018 – CEOs Herbert Diess and Hans Dieter Pötsch and major shareholders of Volkswagen, Wolfgang Porsche and Stephan Weil
* 2019 – CEO and company founder José Batista Sobrinho as well as major shareholders of worlds biggest meat processing company JBS S.A., Wesley Mendonça Batista and Joesley Mendonça Batista
# Ettore Forti

Ettore or Eduardo Ettore Forti was an Italian painter, who was prolific in depicting realistic Neo-Pompeian scenes of Ancient Roman life and events. These subjects were popular in the late-Victorian period, as exemplified by the popularity of Lawrence Alma-Tadema.
There is little definitive information available about Forti's biography. His paintings are signed with his name and Rome. Different sources can not cite a place of birth or birth date, and do not agree about a birth date. Nothing is known of his training. Many sources claim he was active a few decades before and after 1900. He exhibited in Berlin between 1893 and 1897. He exhibited at the Mostra della Romana Società degli Amatori e Cultori in 1905.
One favorite topic is a salesman displaying artwork, jewelry, or rugs to well-dressed female patrician women, often in elegant settings.
* Evening at the temple
* Feast of Centaurs
* Rug Merchant in Ancient Rome
* Chariots racing in the Circus Maximus
* Pompeii Street Scene
* The Bath (?)
* The Carpet Seller (1)
* The Carpet Seller (2)
* The Carpet seller (3)
* The Carpet seller (4)
* The Carpet Seller (5)
* Chariot Racing
* Racing Chariots Entering The Circus Maximus
* Road to Pompeii
* Steps(?)
* The Harpist(?)
* In A Jewelry Store
* Detail from a Pompeii Love Song
* In A Jewelry Store
* Pompeii Street
* Art Seller
* Fruit Vendor
* Hadrian returns from Tivoli
* In the Roman Palace
* Inside A Roman Villa
* Pompeii Love Song
* The Bedchamber(?)
* The Embarkment of a Roman Queen
* The Art Seller
* Burdens(?)
* Festival
* Greeting The Victor
* Rug Merchants
* The Musicians
* Victory
* Arrival of Caesar
* At the Antiquarian's
* The Vendor of Antiquities
* Quadriga on the Road to Pompeii(?)
* The Carpet Seller (6)
* Roman Street Scene
* Interior of a Roman Building with Figures
# Van Zylsrus

Van Zylsrus is a settlement in John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa.
It is also the nearest settlement to The Kalahari Meerkat Project, the filming of nature TV shows such as Meerkat Manor.
The settlement was founded by 6 Trekboer families in 1832, led by the former Heemrad of Calvinia, Petrus van Zyl.
Between 1971 and 2001 it was the location of a Ballistic Missile Battery of the SADF, colocated with an Infantry Company plus a Heavy Mortar Platoon, an Armoured Squadron less one troop, and an advance Radar and Signals Squadron of the SAAF. The settlement also had its own Commando platoon of 21 Riflemen reinforced by the local SAP helicopter flight and Askari detachment. On October 24, 2020, a maximum temperature of 43.3 °C (109.9 °F) was registered.
# Village Council (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)

Village Council is Administrative Unit in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). It is notified in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Local Government Act 2013.
Ward is same like Union Council, But Ward is new term and new demarcation by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Government. While Union Councils are based upon West Pakistan Land Revenue Act, 1967 (W.P. Act No. XVII of 1967)
Ward may consist of:
* Village Council or
* Neighbourhood Council
Village Council is Rural places, while Neighbourhood Council are Urban and they are near to main city or have some of characteristics of City.
In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa there are total 2996 Village Councils. and 505 Neighborhood Councils. While total amount of Union Councils is 1001.
# Party Animal

Party Animal(s) may refer to:

## Music

* Party Animals (music group), a Dutch pop-gabber group
* Party Animals (album), by Turbonegro, 2005
* "Party Animal", a song by James Ingram from It's Your Night
* "Party Animal", a song by K-Town Clan entered in the ABU Radio Song Festival 2012
* "Party Animal", a song by M.O.D. from Surfin' M.O.D.
* "Party Animal", a song by Timati from SWAGG
* "Party Animal" or "Gyal You a Party Animal", a song by Charly Black

## Film

* The Party Animal, a 1984 film directed by David Beaird
* Party Animals, a short film by Grady Cooper

## Television

* Party Animals (TV series), a 2007 British drama series
* Party Animals, a Scottish game show presented by Bryan Burnett

### Episodes

* "Party Animal" (Happy Tree Friends)
* "Party Animal" (That's So Raven)
* "Party Animals" (Rugrats)
* "Party Animals" (Shaun the Sheep)

## Video games

* Party Animals (video game), a multiplayer brawler game
* Viva Piñata: Party Animals, a 2007 video game
# Fiat A.54

The Fiat A.54 was a seven-cylinder, air-cooled radial engine developed in Italy in the 1930s as a powerplant for aircraft. Amongst others, it powered the Ambrosini SAI.1 and SAI.2 racing aircraft.

## Applications

* Ambrosini SAI.1
* Ambrosini SAI.2
* Caproni Ca.100
* Fiat G.2/4
* Jona J-6
* Nuvoli N.5Cab

## Specifications

Data from

### General characteristics

* Type: 7-cylinder air-cooled radial
* Bore: 105 mm (4.13 in)
* Stroke: 120 mm (4.72 in)
* Displacement: 7.27 L (443.9 cu in)
* Length: 1,770 mm (69.69 in)
* Width: 734 mm (28.93 in)
* Height: 1,065 mm (41.93 in)
* Dry weight: 150 kg (330.7 lb)

### Components

* Valvetrain: One intake and one sodium-cooled exhaust valve per cylinder
* Fuel system: 1 Stromberg carburettor
* Fuel type: 74 octane
* Cooling system: Air-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 140 hp (104 kW) at 2,100 rpm
* Compression ratio: 5.5:1
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.42 hp/lb (0.7 kW/kg)
# 1957 Columbia Lions football team

The 1957 Columbia Lions football team was an American football team that represented Columbia University as a member of the Ivy League during the 1957 college football season.
In their first season under head coach Aldo "Buff" Donelli, the Lions compiled a 1–8 record and were outscored 214 to 54. George Pappas was the team captain.
The Lions' 1–6 conference record finished last in the Ivy League. Columbia was outscored 148 to 41 by Ivy opponents.
Columbia played its home games at Baker Field in Upper Manhattan, in New York City.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 28 | at Brown | Brown StadiumProvidence, RI | W 23–20 | 10,500 |
| October 5 | Princeton | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 6–47 | 15,000 |
| October 12 | at Yale | Yale BowlNew Haven, CT | L 0–19 | 19,285 |
| October 19 | at Harvard | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA | L 6–19 | 10,000 |
| October 26 | at Lehigh* | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 6–40 | 12,000 |
| November 2 | at Cornell | Schoellkopf FieldIthaca, NY (rivalry) | L 0–8 | 10,000 |
| November 9 | Dartmouth | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 0–7 | 13,000 |
| November 16 | at Penn | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 6–28 | 12,000 |
| November 23 | Rutgers* | Baker FieldNew York, NY | L 7–26 | 10,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||