OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vernon Pratt

Vernon Pratt (1940 - 2000) was an American painter and jazz musician who worked in the style of minimalism and modernism. He created mainly black, white, and grayscale paintings focused on mathematical systems as well as rhythms, harmonies, variations, and permutations.

## Life

Born in Durham, North Carolina, Pratt studied his undergraduate coursework at Duke University in Durham where he grew up before transferring to the San Francisco Art Institute where he received his B.F.A and his M.F.A before returning to Duke University to teach. "Notable accomplishments include being the subject of a major solo exhibition at NCMA (1985-86), exhibiting in numerous high-profile shows nationally and internationally including The NY Times reviewed "Tit for Tatlin" exhibit at the Alternative Museum in NY (1984), collaborating with Sol LeWitt, creating the NC Education Wall (with Georgann Eubanks) and being friends and contemporaries of Andy Warhol, Keith Haring and James Weeks. Recent exhibitions include major solo shows at the Gregg Museum of Art & Design (October, 2018 - February, 2019) and the Western Carolina University Fine Art Museum (August - November, 2018).

## Work

Perhaps Vernon Pratt's most famous work, largely because of its sheer size and mathematical accomplishment, is "All the Possibilities of Filling in Sixteenths", which was displayed for the first and currently only time at the Gregg Museum of Art and Design at North Carolina State University from October 11, 2018, to February 10, 2019.

## Painting

Pratt mainly created abstract images centered around different mathematical concepts and scales of color or pattern. Pratt worked mainly in black, white and grayscale and many of his paintings are extremely large. Pratt is quoted as saying, "Simple is complicated enough", in regards to his form of abstract painting that seems to be overly simplified at first glance.

## Music

Pratt was also an accomplished Jazz musician. He incorporated his knowledge of music which related to knowledge of math into his paintings in order to help create his systematic abstractions.

## Valuation

Many of Pratt's works are part of permanent museum collections and some have been sold at auction. Pratt's painting have been sold at auction for upwards of twenty thousand dollars, these are generally some of his more abstract grayscale works, while his more colorful and representational works have sold for around five thousand dollars. The Vernon Pratt project, in its efforts to make Pratt's work recognized and known has gifted many of his works to museums and universities including, The Western Carolina Fine Art Museum, the Asheville Art Museum, Weatherspoon Art Museum, UNC Greensboro, Duke University, the Gregg Museum of Art & Design, and North Carolina State University.

## Selected works

"All the Possibilities of Filling in Sixteenths"
"All the Possibilities of Filling in Ninths"
"All the Possibilities of Filling in Eighths, Diagonal Order, Merging"
"All the Possibilities of Black and White in 0-8 Coats"
"The Studio"
"RAD.ER.DAR'S RAD RED AD"
"One Stencil Forms all the Possibilities of Three into Four"
"Still Life's #3-54"
# Homoeosoma ammonastes

Homoeosoma ammonastes is a species of snout moth in the genus Homoeosoma. It was described by R. L. Goodson and Herbert H. Neunzig in 1993. It is found in North America, including North Carolina.
# Valeriu Muravschi

Valeriu Muravschi (31 July 1949 – 8 April 2020) was a Moldovan politician and businessman who served as the first prime minister of Moldova between 28 May 1991 and 1 July 1992.

## Early life and career

Muravschi was born in Sirota, Orhei District on 31 July 1949. He was burned at a young age along with his brother, Sergiu, and required surgery. He graduated from the Faculty of Economics at the "Sergei Lazo" Polytechnic Institute in Chișinău.
Following his graduation, Muravschi had a series of jobs in various economic ministries for the Moldavian SSR: he was a senior economist at the State Committee for Prices from 1971 until 1976, chief of the Pricing Section of the Ministry of Building Materials Industry from 1976 until 1984, head of the Department of Finance from 1984 until 1988, and finally director of the Directorate from 1988 to 1990. He then entered Mircea Druc's cabinet and held the posts of Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance from 1990 until 1991. He was appointed Prime Minister of the Republic of Moldova in 1991.

## Premiership

Muravschi's term as Prime Minister was dominated by the Transnistria War.

## Post-premiership

In 1999, Muravschi founded the National Christian Democratic Peasants Party of Moldova (PNCD) and was president of that party until 2002. It subsequently merged into the Liberal Party (PL) and then the Our Moldova Alliance (AMN) in 2003.
On 31 July 1999, for "long and fruitful activity in the state, contributing to the socio-economic development of the republic and high professionalism", Muravschi was awarded the Order of Work Merit.

## Death

Muravschi suffered from cancer and was taken to the hospital in Chișinău in late March 2020. He underwent surgery; though the surgery was successful, his condition deteriorated and he fell into a coma. He died on April 8, 2020, at age 70.
# Friendships Often Fade Away

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Los Angeles Times | |
| Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | |
| Punknews.org | |
Friendships Often Fade Away is the debut album by the American post punk band Audio Learning Center, released in 2002 through Vagrant Records.

## Critical reception

The Pitch wrote that singer "[Christopher] Brady’s most effective material recalls mournful tales of souls haunted by tainted love and shattered pasts."

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Christopher E. Brady; all music is composed by Christopher E. Brady, Steven Birch, Paul Johnson
# Sink condition

In pharmaceutics, sink condition is a term mostly related to the dissolution testing procedure.
It means using a sheer volume of solvent, usually about 5 to 10 times greater than the volume present in the saturated solution of the targeted chemical (often the API, and sometimes the excipients) contained in the dosage form being tested.
During the dissolution testing, "sink condition" is a mandatory requirement, otherwise when the concentration begins to get too close to the saturation point, even though the total soluble amount still remains constant, the dissolution rate will gradually begin to reduce in significant amounts, enough to corrupt the test results. .
# Gurney Slade quarry

Gurney Slade quarry, grid reference ST626497 is a limestone quarry near Gurney Slade between Binegar and Holcombe, on the Mendip Hills, Somerset, England.
Gurney Slade quarry exhibits pale to very dark grey Carboniferous Limestone overlain by red and purple-coloured Triassic breccias and marls with a small faulted block of overlying Lower Jurassic breccias forming an angular unconformity with the Carboniferous Limestone. There is abundant vertical sediment infilled fissures and joints (Neptunian Dykes). The rocks contain varying amounts of calcite mineralization, and there is common fossil material associated with the Carboniferous and Jurassic limestones. The limestone within the quarry dips to the south-east at around 30°.
Work began at the quarry in the mid 18th century and grew after it was taken over by Francis Flower and Sons in 1928 producing stone for lime-burning. The quarry closed in 1947 and was reopened in 1951 by John Yeoman of Foster Yeoman. The next owner was City Sand and Gravel Co. and taken over by Morris & Perry (Gurney Slade) Ltd. who still operate the quarry. A Concrete plant was installed in 1963 and a coated macadam plant in 2001. The site is now capable of supplying up to 2 Million Tonnes Per Annum of Carboniferous Limestone aggregate. Francis Flower have a facility adjacent to the quarry which processes filler by-product from several Mendip quarries.
# Ukrainian Humanities Lyceum

Ukrainian Humanities Lyceum (UHL) is a high school educational institution in the Pechersk district of the city Kyiv. It was founded in 1991. Ukrainian Humanitarian Lyceum is a subdivision of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Admission is done on a competitive basis and the main areas of training include philological, historical, economic and law.

## History

1991 — year of foundation 1994 — reorganization of the Lyceum in subdivisions of Kyiv Taras Shevchenko University 2000 – Philosophical added to the three main fields of study
2007–2013 — first in Ukraine by results of External independent testing

## Famous graduates

Among the graduates of the Lyceum of different years, many influential Ukrainian journalists, including Lidia Taran, Maxim Drabok, Natalie Fitsych, Alex Ananov, Tatiana Kur, Alex Berdnick, Godovanets Olga, Natalia Ivchenko ( Turchak ), Anna Berezetska, Bogdan Nasal, Natalia Nedilko, Maxim Butkevych, politicians and diplomats Yuriy Pavlenko, Alexander Kravchenko, and Lesya Orobets.
Graduates include popular singer Kate Chile, director and actor Philip Illyenko, screenwriter Natalie Kononchuk, and the lawyer of European Court of Human Rights Olga Dmytrenko .

## Other

Asteroid 318794 Ugliya that was discovered in 2005 by Andrushivka Astronomical Observatory was named after the Lyceum.
# Erronea ovum

Erronea ovum, common name the egg cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Description

The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average 22–26 millimetres (0.87–1.02 in) of length, with a minimum size of 16 millimetres (0.63 in) and a maximum size of 41 millimetres (1.6 in). The dorsum surface of Erronea ovum is smooth, shiny and generally dark brown, dark olive green or greyish, often with a darker wide trasversal band. They are egg-shaped (hence the Latin name ovum, meaning egg). The base and the margins are usually white or pale brown, with yellowish teeth, but in Erronea ovum chrysostoma the teeth are pink-orange. In the living cowries mantle is greyish, with long tree-shaped sensorial papillae.
| A lateral view of a shell of Erronea ovum from the Solomon Islands, anterior end towards the right | A dorsal view of shells of Erronea ovum from the Solomon Islands, anterior end towards the right |

## Distribution

This species occurs from Southeast Asia to the Southwest Pacific, along the coasts of Japan, East China, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua-New Guinea, western Australia, Philippines, Palau Islands, Solomon Islands, Micronesia and New Caledonia.

## Habitat

Erronea ovum lives in the tropical and subtropical zone, in shallow intertidal water up to 3–10 metres (9.8–32.8 ft) of depth, mainly on coral reefs.

## Subspecies

* Erronea ovum chrysostoma (F.A. Schilder, 1927)
* Erronea ovum erici Lorenz, Bridges & Chiapponi, 2011
* Erronea ovum ovum (Gmelin, 1791) : synonym of Erronea ovum (Gmelin, 1791)
* Erronea ovum palauensis (F.A. Schilder & M. Schilder, 1938)
# Lovenella

Lovenella is a genus of cnidarians belonging to the family Lovenellidae.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Lovenella annae (Lendenfeld, 1885)
* Lovenella assimilis (Browne, 1905)
* Lovenella bermudensis (Fewkes, 1883)
* Lovenella chiquita Millard, 1957
* Lovenella clausa (Lovén, 1836)
* Lovenella corrugata Thornely, 1908
* Lovenella gracilis Clarke, 1882
* Lovenella grandis Nutting, 1901
* Lovenella haichangensis Xu & Huang, 1983
* Lovenella macrogona Lin, Xu & Huang, 2010
* Lovenella nodosa Fraser, 1938
* Lovenella polyconcretus Xu, Huang & Guo, 2013
* Lovenella rugosa Fraser, 1938
* Lovenella sinuosa Lin, Xu, Huang & Wang, 2009
# Katja Kraus

Katja Kraus (born 23 November 1970, in Offenbach am Main) is a German former football player and official. She was the first German woman to be a board member of a Fußball-Bundesliga club, Hamburger SV.

## Early life

Kraus was born in Offenbach am Main, and graduated in Frankfurt in politics and German literature.

## Football career

Kraus joined FSV Frankfurt when she was 16 years old, and played 220 games for the club as goalkeeper in the Women's Fußball-Bundesliga, setting a Women's Bundesliga record in the 1996–97 season, when she played 1314 minutes without conceding a goal. She won the German championship with FSV Frankfurt three times, in 1985–86, 1994–95 and 1997–98, and the DFB cup four times, in 1989–90, 1991–92, 1994–95 and 1995–96. The first championship was before the Bundesliga had been established, the second was during the time that the Bundesliga was held as two regional leagues, and the third was the first championship held as a unified Bundesliga. The three championships were also the only German championships won by FSV Frankfurt.
Kraus played seven times (two of them as substitute) for the German national team between 25 May 1995 and 23 March 1997, and was runner-up in the World Cup in 1995 and winner of the European Championship in 1995, although she did not play in the final – Manuela Goller played in goal for Germany in that match. She was also in the German squad for the Summer Olympics in 1996, but was an unused substitute for all three matches, Manuela Goller playing in goal each time.
She played her last game on 28 May 1998.

## Later life: communication and marketing

Kraus joined Eintracht Frankfurt as a press speaker in June 1998, after she had worked on a few PR projects for Adidas during her studies. In October 1988, she joined Sportfive as head of corporate communications, where Bernd Hoffmann was a colleague. In March 2003, she became the first German woman to hold a position on the board of a Fußball-Bundesliga club when she joined Hamburger SV, for whom she was responsible for communication and marketing. In December 2007, her contract and the contract of Bernd Hoffmann were extended to December 2011. However, these contracts were terminated in March 2011.
In March 2017 she married Katrin Suder.

## Writing

After leaving Hamburger SV, Kraus wrote a book, Macht – Geschichten von Erfolg und Scheitern ISBN 978-3-10-038504-8 about power.
# Verruculopsis

Verruculopsis is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. It was circumscribed in 2007 by Cécile Gueidan, Pere Navarro-Rosinés, and Claude Roux, with Verruculopsis poeltiana assigned as the type species.

## Species

* Verruculopsis beltraminiana (A.Massal.) Cl.Roux (2020)
* Verruculopsis flavescentaria Gueidan, Nav.-Ros. & Cl.Roux (2007)
* Verruculopsis irrubescentis (Ménard & Cl.Roux) Gueidan, Nav.-Ros. & Cl.Roux (2007)
* Verruculopsis lecideoides (A.Massal.) Gueidan & Cl.Roux (2007)
* Verruculopsis poeltiana (Clauzade & Cl.Roux) Gueidan, Nav.-Ros. & Cl.Roux (2007)
# Homoeosoma asbenicola

Homoeosoma asbenicola is a species of snout moth in the genus Homoeosoma. It was described by Rothschild in 1921. It is found in Niger.
# Sir John Wodehouse, 4th Baronet

Sir John Wodehouse, 4th Baronet (23 March 1669 – 6 August 1754), was a British Tory Member of Parliament.
A member of an old Norfolk family, Wodehouse succeeded his grandfather Sir Philip Wodehouse, 3rd Baronet, in the baronetcy on 6 May 1681. He was the son of Thomas Wodehouse and Anne Armine, daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Armine, 2nd Baronet. In 1695 he was elected to the House of Commons for Thetford, a seat he held until 1698 and again from 1701 to 1702 and 1705 to 1708. He also represented Norfolk from 1710 to 1713. At some point he was the Recorder of Thetford. Wodehouse married Elizabeth Benson in 1700. After her early death he married Mary Fermor, daughter of William Fermor, 1st Baron Leominster. He died in August 1754, aged 85, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son from his second marriage, Armine - another son, William, had predeceased him. Wodehouse's descendants include Foreign Secretary John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley, and the author P. G. Wodehouse.
# Friendsville, Illinois

Friendsville is an unincorporated community in Wabash County, Illinois, United States. Friendsville is 7 miles (11 km) west-northwest of Mt. Carmel.
# Paul McDonald (Gaelic footballer)

Paul McDonald is a Laois footballer who won an All-Ireland Minor Football Championship medal in 1997 and a Leinster Senior Football Championship medal in 2003.
McDonald plays for the Arles–Killeen club with whom he has won 3 Laois Intermediate Football Championship medals and in 2006 he was part of the team that reached the Laois Senior Football Championship final where they were beaten by Ballyroan Gaels.
McDonald was a pupil of Presentation College, Askea, Carlow from 1992 to 1997 & was a member of the school Gaelic football teams.
# Witold Paszt

Witold Stefan Paszt (1 September 1953 – 18 February 2022) was a Polish singer, founder and vocalist of the Vox band.

## Career

Born in Zamość, Poland, Paszt began his musical career in 1977, in the Victoria Singers group he founded. In 1978, he founded the band Vox, with which he released several albums: Vox (1979), Monte Carlo Is Great (1981), Sing, sing, sing (1986), Vox 2 (1989), The greatest hits (1993), The Best of Vox (1994), Wonderful Journey (1996) and Fashion and Love (1998). It was a male vocal quartet composed of: Andrzej Kozioł, Ryszard Rynkowski (who started his solo career in 1987) and cousins: Witold Paszt and Jerzy Słota. They played dozens of concerts in Poland, and also gave concerts in the Netherlands, Sweden, the United States and Cuba.
In the spring of 2005, Paszt participated in the first edition of the TVN entertainment program Dancing with the Stars. Hand in hand with Anna Głogowska, he took second place in the final.
In 2021 and 2022, he was one of the coaches of the second edition of The Voice Senior on TVP2. The finale of his second season took place thirteen days before his death.

## Personal life

He was married to Marta Paszt (died 2018), with whom he had two daughters (Aleksandra and Natalia). He lived in Warsaw and Zamość.

## Death

He died on 18 February 2022, at the age of 68, in Zamość. According to information provided by his family, Paszt struggled with serious complications from COVID-19 after contracting it a third time. On 18 March 2022, the artist's ashes were buried in the Zamość Municipal Cemetery.

## Filmography

* 2005: Lonely Hearts Clinic as himself
* 2016: A wedding in a cottage as the King of the Gypsies
* 2017: Stars as Géza Kalocsay
* 2018: Singles Planet 2 as himself
# Ulvis Katlaps

Ulvis Katlaps (March 3, 1968 – August 20, 2013) was a Latvian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the Soviet Championship League for five seasons with the Dynamo Riga. Katlaps played two seasons in the United States with the University of Wisconsin in NCAA hockey league. He graduated from Wisconsin with a degree in journalism and worked as a trader with Skylands Capital. After his hockey career he coached junior hockey with Wisconsin AAA and Milwaukee Jr. Admirals.
In August 2013, he was diagnosed with an advanced stage of stomach cancer and died on August 20 at the age of 45. Katlaps is survived by wife Kelly and two children.

## Career statistics

| Career | Career | Career | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1985–86 | Dynamo Riga | Soviet | 19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1986–87 | Dynamo Riga | Soviet | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Dynamo Riga | Soviet | 48 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989–90 | Dynamo Riga | Soviet | 44 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1990–91 | Dynamo Riga | Soviet | 28 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1992–93 | University of Wisconsin | NCAA | 41 | 4 | 31 | 35 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993–94 | University of Wisconsin | NCAA | 42 | 5 | 25 | 30 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Juniors Riga | EEHL | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |

### International

| Year | Team | Comp | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1994 | Latvia | WC B | 7 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| Senior int'l Totals | Senior int'l Totals | Senior int'l Totals | 7 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
# Erve

Erve (locally Valderf') is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Milan and about 5 kilometres (3 mi) southeast of Lecco. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 758 and an area of 6.2 square kilometres (2.4 sq mi).
Erve borders the following municipalities: Brumano, Calolziocorte, Carenno, Lecco, Valsecca and Vercurago.
# Epermenia scurella

Epermenia scurella is a moth of the family Epermeniidae. It is found in the mountains of central and southern Europe.
The larvae feed on Thesium species.
# Kazanlar, Gerede

Kazanlar is a village in the Gerede District, Bolu Province, Turkey. Its population is 67 (2021).
# Venus in Chains

"Venus in Chains" is a song recorded by German dance act U96, released in 1996 as the third and last single from their fourth album, Heaven (1996). It features vocals by German singer Dorothy Lapi (a.k.a. Dea-Li) and peaked at number seven in the Czech Republic. Additionally, it was a top 20 hit in Austria and a top 60 hit in Sweden. A music video was produced to promote the single, directed by German music video and film director Martin Weisz.

## Critical reception

Pan-European magazine Music & Media wrote, "She sings she's a slave in chains. Eurohouse is becoming kinky business with this new single by German submarinehitmachine. The up-tempo beats refrain from hardcore rave frenzy and the melody hooks are definitely catchy."

## Track listing

* CD single, Germany
* "Venus in Chains" (Video Mix) – 3:30
* "In Chains" – 5:02
* CD maxi, Germany
* "Venus in Chains" (Video Mix) – 3:30
* "Venus in Chains" (In Chains) – 5:02
* "Venus in Chains" (Bass Bumpers Remix) – 5:56
* "1-900-LOVE" – 4:02
* CD maxi (Remix), Germany
* "Venus in Chains" (Future Breeze Mix) – 6:47
* "Venus in Chains" (Klubbheads Venusheuvel Mix) – 6:46

## Charts

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 18 |
| Czech Republic (IFPI CR) | 7 |
| Germany (Official German Charts) | 75 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 54 |
# Pear language

Pear is an endangered Austroasiatic language of Cambodia. "Pear" (French Péâr) is a pejorative term for the historical slave caste of the Khmer, but nonetheless is the usual term in the literature. Pear is spoken in 3–4 villages of Rovieng District, Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia according to Ethnologue.
Sidwell (2009), citing Baradat (ms), considers Pear of Kompong Thom to be the most divergent Pearic language.
# Loch Dochart

Loch Dochart is a small freshwater loch on the Lochdochart Estate in Stirling, Scottish Highlands. It lies approximately 1.7 km (1.1 mi) to the east of the town of Crianlarich at the foot of Ben More. There is a small wooded island in the middle of the loch on which stands the ruins of a castle originally built by Sir Duncan Campbell between 1583 and 1631.
The loch was surveyed on 11 May, 1902 by T.N. Johnston and James Parsons and later charted as part of Sir John Murray's The Bathymetrical Survey of Fresh-Water Lochs of Scotland 1897-1909.
# Vallø

Vallø was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in the former Roskilde County on the east coast of the island of Zealand (Sjælland) in East Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 84 km$^2$, and had a total population of 10,337 (2005). Its last mayor was Poul Arne Nielsen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party.

## Overview

The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Hårlev.
Neighboring municipalities were Køge to the northwest, Rønnede and Fakse to the southwest, and Stevns to the southeast, to the northeast is Køge Bay (Køge Bugt).
On 1 January 2007 Vallø municipality was, as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007), merged with the existing municipality of Stevns to form a new Stevns Municipality. This created a municipality with an area of 247 km$^2$ and a total population of 21,776 (2005). The new municipality belongs to Region Sjælland ("Zealand Region").