# Waratah motorcycles

Waratah motorcycles were manufactured in Sydney, Australia, from before 1911 to around 1948, although Waratah badged motorcycles were sold into the 1950s.
Initially Waratah motorcycles were manufactured by the Canada Cycle & Motor Agency, Ltd. on George Street, Sydney, who from at least 1910 built from standard parts, or rebadged BSA bicycles as, Waratah bicycles. W.A.Williams had been the manager of the Sydney branch of this business and in 1905 he bought it, retaining the name until 1913. In 1913 the bicycle and motorcycle part of the business was taken over by his sons, Perce and Reg, and the name was changed to Williams Bros., and later P&R Williams. This business, initially at 213–7 Elizabeth Street, Sydney, is widely known as the manufacturer of Waratah motorcycles from 1914 to 1948. Subsequent addresses of 255-259 Elizabeth St by the early 1920s, and 117 Goulburn St in the later 1920s are detailed in newspaper advertising, also detailing that the business changed its name to P.and R. Williams Pty Ltd, and later moved to 74-78 Wentworth Avenue Surry Hills.
Initially, they made small machines assembled from predominantly British components, including Villiers engines, Sun frames, Druid and Brampton forks. In fact, in 1921 they described themselves as sole importers of Villiers-Waratah Motor-Cycles. Fafnir and V.T.S. engines were also used.
In the later years (post World War II), they badge engineered using, it is believed, Norman and Excelsior machines.
They were Australia's longest running motorcycle manufacturer. However little information seems to have survived, presumably because these were low-value utility machines.

## Models

There is no detailed definitive history of the Waratah models, but from books, press articles, sales brochures and adverts, the following outline picture seems clear:
* <1911 to 1913?: 4.5 hp model with a Fafnir engine
* 1914 to ~1930: 197 cc and 350 cc models, built from Villiers (and initially also V.T.S.) engines and various frames and forks.
* 1930s: 125 cc, 148 cc and 250 cc models, built from Villiers engines and various frames and forks.
* post-war: Badge engineered Norman (possibly) and/or Excelsior (almost certainly). Possibly there was also a Waratah autocycle.
More details are known for certain years:
| Year | Models |
| 1911 | Waratah machine equipped with 4.5 hp Fafnir engine. The machine is described as being "English" suggesting that it is either manufactured from imported English components or possibly badge-engineered (although the Fafnir engine is German). Earlier adverts clearly indicate that it was manufactured not imported by the statement "MANUFACTURERS and IMPORTERS of Excelsior, Douglas, and Waratah Motor Cycles" since the first two were imported. The company was also manufacturing Waratah bicycles at the time. Adverts for these Waratah motorcycles appear to have run for only a fairly short time in late 1911, perhaps reflecting a limited availability of the machines themselves. An advertisement in 1916 selling a second-hand Waratah refers to it as "3.5 h.p. overhead valve, Bosch magneto". As this is clearly a 4-stroke engine and the later Villiers and V.T.S. machines were 2-strokes, this is most likely another early model, presumably with a Fafnir engine since they used on some engines overhead inlet and side exhaust valves. |
| 1915 | A model with a Villiers two-stroke engine was offered. It also seems that Waratah motorcycles were offered with V.T.S. engines. V.T.S. were manufactured by The Valveless Two Stroke Engine Company Ltd. of Birmingham, England, and sold exclusively to Sun Cycle & Fittings Co. Ltd. (whose frames were used on Waratah motorcycles). This was a 269cc engine. These machines, presumably with either make of engine, were available either with our without a two-speed gearbox. |
| 1916 | Models with Villiers and V.T.S. two-stroke engines were offered. One model, at least, was supplied with a 2-speed counter-shaft gearbox. |
| 1917 | Adverts in March describe apparently second-hand (so perhaps 1916 models) 2.5 hp Waratah machines. The former is described as having lamp, horn and tools. Williams Bros. also provide the following testimonial from their Tamworth Agent: "Mr. Pritchard, of Tamworth, who bought Waratah Motor Cycle off me some time ago (the same machine that I averaged 38 miles an hour on in the big road race) says he has ridden his Waratah over 30,000 miles, and has never had a new ring or part flitted, except two new chains and tyres. He still has the original belt, and the machine is still in first-class running order." |
| 1919 | Adverts refer to a new, and what is presumably a second-hand two-speed, 1919 Waratah. |
| 1921 | Reports on a race meeting mention a 2.75 hp Waratah machine. Whilst it may not be from 1921, it is presumably not much older if it is in competition. |
| 1922 | Reports on race meetings mention 2.25 hp Waratah machines less than 600 cc and 2.75 hp Waratah machines with less than 350 cc. Whilst they may not be from 1922, they are presumably not much older if they are in competition. |
| 1924 | A 1.5 h.p., two-speed Waratah was offered. There are reports that mention 1.5 hp Waratah machines, which are probably the same model. Auction sales also mention 2.5 hp Waratah machines, although they may also be of earlier manufacture. An advert in the Townsville Daily Bulletin describes a Waratah machine with a Villiers Two-Stroke engine and two speed gearbox that gives 110 mpg and that "easily climbs Stanton Hill on top gear". The advert shows a picture of a machine with enclosed primary chain and a belt drive to the rear wheel, an angular fuel tank slung under the top frame tube, no obvious electrics and no suspension other than seat springs. |
| 1925 | Reports on a race meeting mention a 1.5 hp Waratah machine. Whilst it may not be from 1925, it is presumably not much older if it is in competition and that it is the current stock model is implied by subsequent advertising. The existence of this 1.5 hp Waratah model is confirmed by other advertisements. This model had a Villiers engine and was apparently capable of 30 mph. and 140 mpg. (However, one advertisement seems to indicate it was 1.25 hp and another refers to 40 mph.) |
| 1926 | At least two models were offered: A 1.5 hp model was reported to deliver 140 mpg. It was also stated that "Rated at 1.5 hp the Waratah engine develops over 4 Brake Horse Power." It had a two speed gearbox, with an optional clutch and kick starter. This was presumably the 147 cc model that was exhibited at the Sydney Motor Show. A 147 cc, 1.5 hp Waratah also took part in the sixth annual six- days' trials of the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales. A 3.5 hp model may have been new this year. The standard bike had a pump and full tool kit. A gas lighting set and horn was optional. |
| 1927 | A Waratah model equipped with three speed gear box, electric light and horn was offered. A 1.5 hp Waratah was offered as a "low priced machine which is proving very popular amongst motor cycling enthusiasts requiring a machine of exceptionally low upkeep." A 1927 advert refers to a, presumably second-hand and thus probably pre-1927, 2.75 h.p. Waratah. |
| 1928 | Two models were offered: 1.5 hp Villiers engined machine, possibly 197 cc or 147 cc. Probably single top tube Sun lightweight frame and lightweight Druid forks. 2.5 hp Villiers engined machine, possibly 350 cc. Sun saddle tank frame and Brampton forks. A classified advert from 1930 refers to a 2.75 h.p. Waratah. |
| 1929 | At least two models were offered as described in several (apparently promotional) press articles typically detailing improvements over the previous year's models: The "Utility" 1.5 hp 147 cc model which was "assembled in Sydney from British components" now had a heavier frame and a saddle tank finished with a red panel. A three speed gearbox with clutch and starter were fitted. Wheels were larger being 26 x 2.5 and both were fitted with 5in. diameter internal brakes. Villiers electric lighting was fitted as standard. There was "positive handlebar anchorage twist grip control", long nickel exhaust pipes and soft top saddle. The quoted fuel efficiency is 160 mpg, with other running costs being negligible. The larger, 2.5 hp sports model was of the same construction but had a two-gallon petrol tank, separate oil tank and 25 x 3.25 well-base tyres. It had the 2.5 hp, 247 cc sports Villiers engine with twin ports and detachable aluminium cylinder head. Apparently it was an excellent hill climber and fast, and was capable of 55 mph. It was fitted with a three speed gearbox, clutch and kick starter, twin long nickel exhaust pipes and had 6V electrics, including a battery. It was fitted with a separate oil tank and had larger brakes than the 1.5 hp model. The existence of the 1929 2.5 hp model is also attested to by a later advert. (The suggestion that the 2.5 hp model was added to the range in 1929 does not seem reliable, and may relate solely to availability from the Queensland agent.) Other (also apparently promotional) press coverage provided more detail, but without being explicit about which model, perhaps it applies to both: "The 1929 model Waratah is a machine which is obviously suited to the utility rider, as it possesses not only the characteristic qualities of two-stroke construction, but is exceptionally well equipped in all ways. The front fork spring action, for example, is particularly long and flexible; the saddle tank design gives a low and safe riding position, which is further improved by the soft top saddle. General completeness, such as a cushion drive shock absorber, as well as automatic lubrication, twist grip control, balloon tyres, front and rear thumb adjusting brakes, &c., all indicate that the manufacturers realise that the utility rider wants something more than economy and light weight. The performance of the engine, too, is much better than would be expected with a machine of this class, as it is capable of high maximum speed, although these qualities of speed do not in any way affect the smooth running and slow top-gear performance of the machine." As in some previous years there is reference to a 350 which might be one of the above, but is probably a separate model. There is also mention, in a classified advert, of a 1929–30 2.75 hp machine with electrics. |
| 1930 | A 1.5 hp machine with a claimed 120 mpg was offered. This model with electrics and a suggested 140 mpg is also mentioned. A 2.5 hp 2-port machine with electrics was offered. |
| 1931 | A classified advert refers to a 1.75 hp Waratah. |
| 1932 | A machine fitted with a 147 cc Villiers two stroke engine was available. The following description is from (apparently promotional) press coverage describing improvements over the previous year's model. "These machines are totally redesigned, having visible top rail, tapering away under the saddle, and giving exceptionally low riding position, and gaining very high ground clearance." The front forks had enclosed webbing, apparently to strengthen them. It was fitted with electric light, battery and dimmer. Petrol consumption was approximately 150 mpg. Reports mention a 2.5 hp Waratah in the 350 cc limit class. Whilst it may not be from 1932, it is presumably not much older if it is in competition. (A classified advert refers to a 1.75 hp Waratah. Whilst it does not state the year and can hardly be considered a reliable source, it is mentioned here for completeness.) |
| 1933 | Apparently three models were offered in this year: A 1.47 hp machine. (Also referred to as 1.5 hp) A 1.97 hp machine with a Villiers engine of semi-incline design. The transmission includes a three speed gearbox with all chain drive, clutch and kick-starter. A saddle tank was introduced in this year, finished in red and black, with the saddle let in at the end for rider comfort. Wellbase wheels were fitted with 25 x 3.00 tyres together with internal expanding brakes. Forks were of central spring type. A six volt Lucas electric lighting system comprised battery, generator, headlamp and tail light. Speeds between 55 and 60 mph and fuel consumption of 150 mpg were supposed to be attainable. A 2.5 hp machine. One of these models (presumably the 2.5 hp machine) was described as a 250 cc machine. |
| 1935 | Two models were offered. The following descriptions are from (apparently promotional) press coverage which asserts, clearly erroneously, that until this time only the smaller "utility" model had been available. Model "150" 1.5 hp Villiers engine of long stroke. Capable of 30 mph. and 120 mpg. Apparently uprated over the earlier utility 1.5 hp models with Villiers carburettor, magneto and electric lighting system. A four-pole generator, replacing an earlier two pole version, ensured a more powerful beam of light from the headlamp at low engine speeds. It had single spring front forks and a rubber saddle. Transmission was via a three speed gearbox with clutch and kick-starter. The tank (enlarged in this new version) held 1.75 gallons and the machine was fitted with leg-shields as standard. Model "250" 2.5 hp machine capable of 60 mph. with more robust frame and forks and more powerful headlamp. The sporting engine had double ports and an alloy head, stated to develop 10 hp from a 2.5 hp unit. Other specifications were similar to the smaller model, except for twin silencers. Presumably the Model "150" was the 148 cc two-stroke Waratah that was offered. |
| 1936 | A 148 cc two-stroke Waratah was offered. This is probably the 1.5 hp machine. A 2.5 hp two stroke machine capable of 90 mpg. was offered. "Electrics" were either standard, or an option. |
| 1937 | Two lightweight Villiers engined models (150 and 250) were offered in Brisbane and described as "undoubtedly one of the most economical motor cycles in the world". In Sydney, at least, a third model, a 1.25 hp machine was offered, described as "unit construction". 1.25 hp machine. Model 150, capable of 50 mph. Model 250, capable of 60 mph. This is presumably the 2.5 hp model. A 125 c.c. machine was apparently available. Presumably this is one of these machines, most likely the 1.25 hp. Reference to a 1.5 hp Waratah makes this seem quite likely. There is a (not exactly authoritative) reference to a 2 h.p. two-stroke Waratah. |
| 1938 | Models offered included: 1.25 hp two-stroke machine, 1.5 hp Villiers machine, capable of 100 mpg. 2.5 hp machine. A 150 cc machine was available (presumably the 1.5 hp machine). It had a foot change. A 250 cc machine was available (presumably the 2.5 hp machine) and a foot change was either standard or an option. A 2.25 hp machine is referred to in a classified advert, but this seems unlikely to be reliable. |
| 1939 | Two models, both lightweight, with Villiers engines, intended for utility work and described as "Undoubtedly one of the most economical motor cycles in the world": 150 model 250 model One of these models (presumably the 150) was also described as a 1.5 hp two-stroke Waratah. Another (presumably the 250) was described as a 2.5 hp Waratah. There are also references to a 1.25 hp machine capable of 150 mpg. |
| 1940 | Apparently at least three models were offered: 1.25 hp two-stroke machine. It was described as being of unit construction, fitted with a speedo and capable of 130–140 mpg. 1.5 hp machine. 2.5 hp two-stroke machine. One of these, presumably the 2.5 hp, was known as the 250. |
| 1941 | At least two models were offered: A 1.5 hp two-stroke machine. It was capable of 100 mpg and a speedo and generator were fitted (or at least were options). A 2.5 hp machine. |
| 1942 | A 1.25 hp machine was offered. |
| 1943 | A 1.25 hp two-stroke machine was offered. |
| 1944 | A 2.5 hp two-stroke machine was offered. |
| 1948 | A 125 cc machine was offered. A 1.5 hp machine was offered. |
| 1949 | A 2 hp machine was offered. |
| ~1949 | Two main models were offered, the "125" and the "197": Model "125": Villiers 10D, 122 cc, 1.25 hp engine. Model "197": Villiers 6E, 197 cc, 2 hp engine They were both offered in "R" and "D" versions: "D": Battery-less Villiers direct lighting system "R": Constant power lighting system with rectifier, wet battery and electric horn. There was also a Model "125" Two Speed, which was an ultra light utility machine, with an Excelsior Goblin MK. II engine. |
| 1950 | At least two models were offered: 125 cc two-stroke machine. 200 cc two-stroke. |
| 1951 | At least four models were offered, all had Villiers two-stroke engines, "teledraulic" forks and spring frame: 125 cc 1.25 hp machine. 197 cc "D" 2 hp machine. 197 cc "R" 2 hp machine. 125 cc 1.25 hp 2-speed machine. Presumably the "D" and "R" designations were the same as in the ~1949 brochure. One of the 125 cc machines was also offered. One of the 197 cc variants was also offered as 200 cc. |
| 1952 | Waratah motorcycles still offered for sale |

## Historical events

| Year | Event |
| 5 November 1921 | L.Walsh entered a 2.75 Waratah in the Five Laps (Five miles five furlongs) Handicap organised by the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales at Victoria Park in connection with the South Sydney Hospital Carnival. |
| 28 January 1922 | C.Pearce riding a Waratah (either 2.25 or 2.5 h.p.) came second in the 3-mile Motor Cycle Speed Race—Second Heat at the Highland Society of New South Wales sports event. |
| 11 February 1922 | S. William on a 2.25 hp Waratah finished the 212 mile, St. George Motor-Cycle Club's second annual 12 hours' reliability trial |
| 25 November 1922 | Both F. Williams and L. Walsh were scheduled to compete 2.75 hp Waratahs in a Three Miles Handicap at the YMCA sports in Sydney. At the same event S. Williams was scheduled to compete on the same model in the Zig-zag Race. (The names Williams are surely not coincidental.) |
| 1 January 1925 | G. Davidson on a 1.5 hp Waratah was one (~23rd) of 25 riders (of 42 who started) to finish the 1004 mile, fourth annual six days' reliability trial of the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales. He lost 130 points. The last to reach Sydney was S. M'Conkey, on one of the smallest machines which had ever competed in a longer event than a one-day trial in Australia. This was also a 1.5 hp Waratah. He reached Sydney at about 7 p.m. on the last day of the contest. M'Conkey put up such a fine performance in the face of adverse circumstances, that although he lost more points (308) than any other competitor, he was awarded a special consolation prize. |
| 6 July 1925 | S. W. Moran took first place in a race which was held under the auspices of the Goulburn Motor Cycle Club on the Breadalbane-Collector circuit |
| 15 August 1925 | W.J.Schwabe won the Three Mile Novice Solo Handicap at an average speed of 40 mph on a 1.5 hp Waratah at the Brisbane Motor Cycle Club's championship carnival in Deagon. |
| 31 October 1925 | A.L.Vowles on a 1.5 hp Waratah came second in the solo class of the Brisbane Motor Cycle Club's Eight Hours' Motor Cycle Trial. |
| 26 January 1926 | An attempt at a Lightweight Motorcycle Record was to have been made by a Mr. Jack Schwabe on a 1.5 hp Waratah. |
| 3 May 1926 | E.Turner, riding a Waratah, came third in the second heat of the Clifton Motor Cycle Club's Three Miles Open Novice Solo Handicap for all powers. |
| 16 October 1926 | Jack Schwabe raced a Waratah machine in the Third Heat of the One Mile Handicap at the Exhibition Speedway in Brisbane. |
| 7 August 1926 | Two Waratahs were entered in the Night Speedway at the Agricultural Ground. R. Sulway came third in the first heat of the Open Handicap on a 148 c.c Waratah. A 148 c.c Waratah, probably ridden by Davidson, probably came third in the fourth heat. |
| 31 December 1926 | G.Davidson came in fourth, losing four points, of the trade riders in the Under 650 c.c class of the sixth annual six-days' trials of the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales. "The smallest of all was a Waratah ridden by G Davidson in the trade class, which is rated as only 1.5 hp (147 cc). Davidson expressed himself quite satisfied with his little machine's performance, although there is no doubt that he had a strenuous time on some parts of the course in keeping to schedule time. The officials who followed the contest in Mr S Stuart's Rolls Royce car expressed their admiration for Davidson's courage and determination, as he negotiated some very mountainous country under adverse conditions." The course was about 950 miles and of 36 entries, 19 were in the under 650 cc class. |
| 14 May 1927 | E.Trichon entered an unspecified Waratah machine in Sydney Bicycle and Motor Club's half-day reliability trial: a distance of about 60 miles over the Parramatta, Galston, Hornsby course with speeds ranging from 20 to 22 miles an hour according to engine capacity. |
| 26 December 1927 | H.Davidson was entered on a Waratah in the 1000 mile, seventh annual six-day trials of the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales. G. Davidson (presumably the same person, just a reporting error) competed on a 147 cc Waratah, and was described as a trade rider rather than a private owner. |
| 26 December 1928 | S.Piper was one of 23 riders to start the eighth annual six days' trial of the Motor Cycle Club of New South Wales. He was on the smallest machine, a 147 cc (l.5 hp) Waratah. |
| November 1932 | E.Warrick campaigned a 2.5 hp Waratah in the Auburn District Motor Cycle Club's events. He came 3rd in the Flying .25 Mile Championship 350 cc s.v. Class race with a time of 16.4s. He came first in the Miniature Tourist Trophy All Powers Handicap of 25 Laps. With a 50s handicap his time was 21m 26s. |
| 6 October 1934 | E.Hopper competed on a 2.25 hp Waratah at the Kedron Motor Cycle Club's flying furlong competition at Myrtletown, getting the slowest times for Best Run (10.11 secs.) and Adj. Time, and the largest H'cap. (This best time corresponds to a speed of 44.5 mph.) |
| 20 March 1936 | In flying quarter-mile speed tests held by the Queanbeyan Motor Cycle Club, A.Dunbar attained times of 19.4 and 17.2 seconds on an unspecified model of Waratah motorcycle (the faster of these being about 52 mph.) |
| 5 December 1954 | D.Evans came first in the 250 cc. Lightweight Scratch, and second in the 250 cc. Lightweight Handicap at Narrabundah circuit. |

## Agents, Distributors, Etc,

| Place | Company | Dates |
| Brisbane, QLD | Clyno Cycle and Motor Agency | 1915, 1916 |
| Brisbane, QLD | Morgan and Wacker | 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929 (Relinquished end 1929) |
| Brisbane, QLD | Harris Motor Cycle Agency | 1928 |
| Brisbane, QLD | Frank Pearce | 1929 |
| Brisbane, QLD | The British Motor Cycle Company | 1929, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1937, 1938, 1939 |
| Canberra, ACT | P. W. (Bill) Parsons | 1937 |
| Canberra, ACT | Canberra Motor Sales | 1951 |
| Canberra, ACT | Canberra Motors | 1952 |
| Longreach, QLD | Central Retreading Works | 1938 |
| Rockhampton, QLD | Lawrence Motor Co. | 1925, 1926 |
| Sydney, NSW | Canada Cycle and Motor Agency Ltd. | 1911 |
| Sydney, NSW | Empson and Co. | 1918, 1919 |
| Sydney, NSW | Williams Bros., Ltd. | 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1929 |
| Sydney, NSW | P. & R. Williams Pty. Ltd. | 1932, 1941, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1951 (Offering spares: 1932, 1936, 1940) |
| Sydney, NSW | Woodward's Motor Cycles | 1949, 1951 |
| Sydney, NSW | Arthur Trudgitt | 1950, 1951 |
| Sydney, NSW | Davies Bros. | 1950 |
| Sydney, NSW | Ryde Motor Cycles | 1951 |
| Townsville, QLD | Rees & Tice Ltd. | 1924 |
| Townsville, QLD | Australian Automotive Agencies Ltd. | 1926, 1927 |

## Sources

* 1 2 3 4 Queanbeyan Age (NSW: 1907–1915), Friday 3 November 1911, page 4. Not only was a Waratah machine equipped with 4.5 hp Fafnir engine available in 1911 but the articles states that "'The Waratah' is too well known among motor cyclists to need any labored praise here". This strongly suggests that Waratah was already well established in the market and hence had been in production for some years.
* ↑ Abridged prospectus for share offering in Canada Cycle & Motor Agency Limited, The Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 6 October 1910, page 6
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 27 July 1912, page 13
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A–Z of Australian-Made Motorcycles 1893–1942 by Robert Saward, Turton & Armstrong Pty Ltd, ISBN 0-908031-64-5
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Monday 10 March 1913, page 12
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 30 September 1921. p. 13. Retrieved 22 April 2011.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald , Saturday 26 April 1947, page 23
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 2 October 1911. p. 6. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 16 September 1911. p. 19. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 6 May 1916. p. 3. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
* 1 2 The Queenslander (Brisbane, Qld.: 1866–1939), Saturday 9 October 1915, page 41
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Monday 27 December 1915, page 2
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 23 October 1915. p. 3. Retrieved 19 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Friday 18 February 1916, page 4
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 6 September 1916. p. 2. Retrieved 9 April 2012.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 12 August 1916. p. 21. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 31 March 1917, page 16, 17, 18, 19
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 1 November 1919. p. 5. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 20 August 1921. p. 5. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 3 November 1921, page 8
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday 15 February 1922, page 16
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday 22 November 1922, page 16
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 6 September 1924. p. 6. Retrieved 29 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Tuesday 6 January 1925, page 6
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Friday 23 May 1924, page 20
* 1 2 "Advertising". Townsville Daily Bulletin. Qld.: National Library of Australia. 22 September 1924. p. 2. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 5 November 1925, page 14
* 1 2 3 "Advertising". The Brisbane Courier. National Library of Australia. 20 August 1925. p. 3. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday 4 February 1925, page 15
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Saturday 4 July 1925, page 24
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday 18 November 1925, page 19
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday 17 June 1925, page 20
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday 10 February 1926, page 17
* ↑ Townsville Daily Bulletin, Tuesday 4 May 1926, page 2
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Monday 18 January 1926, page 14
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 1 January 1927, page 10
* ↑ Townsville Daily Bulletin, Saturday 6 November 1926, page 2
* ↑ The Longreach Leader, Friday 4 January 1929, page 16
* 1 2 Townsville Daily Bulletin, Wednesday 6 July 1927, page 9
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 17 September 1927. p. 8. Retrieved 11 June 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 20 December 1928, page 7
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 27 December 1928, page 5
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 20 February 1930. p. 18. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
* 1 2 3 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 1 November 1928, page 7.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 31 January 1929, page 6.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 14 March 1929, page 3
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 21 March 1929, page 8
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 18 April 1929, page 7
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Tuesday 8 January 1929, page 6
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 11 January 1929, page 8
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday 16 January 1929, page 13
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "For Sale" advert in The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 6 April 1946, page 20
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 20 June 1929, page 7.
* 1 2 3 4 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 17 March 1945, page 17
* 1 2 3 4 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 1 February 1936. p. 22. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 30 May 1942. p. 13. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 20 January 1943. p. 4. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 3 December 1931, page 6
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald', Thursday 10 November 1932, page 16
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Saturday 5 November 1932, page 4
* 1 2 3 The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 16 March 1933, page 8
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 29 August 1936. p. 8. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 3 March 1945, page 17
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 16 August 1935, page 7
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Courier-Mail. Brisbane: National Library of Australia. 25 June 1938. p. 7 Section: Second Section. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 5 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 28 May 1949. p. 19. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 5 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 4 August 1945. p. 17. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 30 August 1947, page 23
* 1 2 3 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 20 April 1940. p. 7. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 The Courier-Mail, Monday 9 August 1937, page 31
* 1 2 3 4 5 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 5 July 1941, page 3
* ↑ "For Sale" advert in The Canberra Times, Friday 9 September 1938, page 5
* 1 2 3 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 8 December 1945. p. 19. Retrieved 22 April 2011.
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 7 September 1946. p. 19. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
* 1 2 3 4 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 21 June 1947, page 24
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Monday 21 November 1938, page 5
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Monday 7 August 1939, page 8
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Saturday 20 December 1947, page 5
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 3 October 1945. p. 13. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 1 August 1953, Page 22
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Tuesday 9 January 1951, page 3
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 15 December 1951, page 18
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday 9 June 1948, page 11
* ↑ Northern Standard, Friday 18 May 1951, page 2
* 1 2 "Waratah 125 and 197 cc. Models" P. & R. Williams Pty. Ltd. Sales Brochure, ~1949
* 1 2 3 4 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 22 July 1950, page 18
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 3 March 1951, page 20
* 1 2 The Canberra Times, Wednesday 30 July 1952, page 6
* ↑ "Highland Gathering". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 30 January 1922. p. 10. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 1 January 1925, page 6
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Tuesday 7 July 1925, page 15 (Unfortunately the distance and time are hard to read: either 83 or 33 miles and maybe 6h 3m.)
* ↑ The Queenslander, Saturday 22 August 1925, page 8
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier , Wednesday 27 January 1926, page 18
* ↑ "CLIFTON SPORTS". The Brisbane Courier. National Library of Australia. 4 May 1926. p. 13. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Monday 18 October 1926, page 16
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Monday 9 August 1926, page 15
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 24 December 1926, page 13
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 13 May 1927, page 8
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Thursday 22 December 1927, page 4
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Tuesday 27 December 1927, page 4
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Monday 8 October 1934, page 7
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Tuesday 24 March 1936, page 3
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Tuesday 6 December 1954, page 5
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Wednesday 25 March 1925, page 15
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday 2 August 1927, page 49
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 26 December 1929, page 5
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday 18 September 1928, page 8
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Tuesday 6 August 1929, page 39
* ↑ The Brisbane Courier, Thursday 14 February 1929, page 7
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Thursday 26 April 1934, page 2
* ↑ The Courier-Mail (Brisbane, Qld.: 1933–1954), Friday 12 April 1935, page 3
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Tuesday 16 August 1938, page 13
* ↑ The Courier-Mail, Saturday 30 September 1939, page 16
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Saturday 13 March 1937, page 5
* ↑ The Canberra Times, Monday 12 November 1951, page 5
* ↑ The Longreach Leader, Saturday 10 September 1938, page 14
* ↑ "Advertising". The Morning Bulletin. Rockhampton, Qld.: National Library of Australia. 27 June 1925. p. 7. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
* ↑ The Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld.), Saturday 27 March 1926, page 11
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 7 September 1918, page 5
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 22 October 1919. p. 13. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
* 1 2 The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 1 January 1916, page 3
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Wednesday 26 September 1917, page 11
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Monday 26 April 1920, page 4
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 16 September 1922, page 6
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 7 July 1923, page 5
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday 18 April 1924, page 4
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 11 April 1925, page 15
* ↑ "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 8 November 1929. p. 4. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
* 1 2 "Advertising". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 15 April 1932. p. 15. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
* ↑ The Sydney Morning Herald, Saturday 7 May 1932, page 19
* ↑ Townsville Daily Bulletin, Wednesday 4 August 1926, page 2