# Hyperaccumulators table – 2: Nickel

This list covers known nickel hyperaccumulators, accumulators or plant species tolerant to nickel.
See also:
* Hyperaccumulators table – 1: Ag, Al, As, Be, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Naphthalene, Pb, Pd, Se, Zn
* Hyperaccumulators table – 3: Cd, Cs, Co, Pu, Ra, Sr, U, radionuclides, hydrocarbons, organic solvents, etc.
hyperaccumulators and contaminants : Ni – accumulation rates :
| Contaminant | Accumulation rates (in mg/kg of dry weight) | Latin name | English name | H-Hyperaccumulator or A-Accumulator P-Precipitator T-Tolerant | Notes | Sources |
| Ni | 9090 | Alyssum akamasicum B.L. Burtt (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Cyprus | |
| Ni | 4480 | Alyssum alpestre L (Brassica) | | | Distrib. S. Europe | |
| Ni | 8170 | Alyssum anatolicum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 29400 | Alyssum argenteum All. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Italy | |
| Ni | 10200 | Alyssum bertolonii subsp. Scutarinum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Balkans | |
| Ni | 10900 | Alyssum callicrum Boiss. and Balansa (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 16500 | Alyssum carcium T.R. Dudley & Huber-Morath (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 20000 | Alyssum cassium Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 16300 | Alyssum chondrogynum B.L. Blurtt (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Cyprus | |
| Ni | 13500 | Alyssum cilicium Boiss. and Balansa (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 4900 | Alyssum condensatum Boiss. And Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Iraq, Syria | |
| Ni | 18100 | Alyssum constellatum Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 13500 | Alyssum corsicum Duby (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Corsica | |
| Ni | 10400 | Alyssum crenulatum Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 23600 | Alyssum cypricum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Cyprus | |
| Ni | 19600 | Alyssum davisianum T.R. Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 11700 | Alyssum discolor T.R. Dudley & Huber-Morah (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 16500 | Alyssum dubertretii gomb (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 4550 | Alyssum euboeum Halacsy (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 11500 | Alyssum eriophyllum Boiss. and Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 3960 | Alyssum fallacinum Boiss. and Balansa (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Crete | |
| Ni | 7700 | Alyssum floribundum Boiss. and Balansa (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 7390 | Alyssum giosnanum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 12500 | Alyssum heldreichii Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece. Concentration of nickel in the seeds (1880 μg/g dry weight) is much lower than that in other plant parts. | |
| Ni | 13500 | Alyssum huber-morathii T.R.Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 22400 | Alyssum lesbiacum (P. candargi) Rech.f. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 13700 | Alyssum markgrafii O.E. Schulz (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Albania | |
| Ni | 24300 | Alyssum masmenkaeum Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 7080 | Alyssum murale Wealdstandkit (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Balkans | |
| Ni | 4590 | Alyssum obovatum (C.A. Mey) Turez (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Russia | |
| Ni | 7290 | Alyssum oxycarpum Boiss. And Balansa (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 7600 | Alyssum peltarioides subsp. Virgatiforme Nyar. T.R. Dudley) (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 21100 | Alyssum pinifolium (Nyar.) T.R. Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 22200 | Alyssum pterocarpum T.R. Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 12500 | Alyssum robertianum Bernard ex Godronand Gren (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Corsica | |
| Ni | 7860 | Alyssum penjwinensis T.R. Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Iraq | |
| Ni | 18900 | Alyssum samariferum Boiss. & Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Samar | |
| Ni | up to 10,000 (leaves) | Alyssum serpyllifolium (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Portugal | |
| Ni | 1280 | Alyssum singarense Boiss. And Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Iraq | |
| Ni | 10200 | Alyssum syriacum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Syria | |
| Ni | 6600 | Alyssum smolikanum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 3420 | Alyssum tenium Halacsy (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 11900 | Alyssum trapeziforme Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 17100 | Alyssum trodii Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 6230 | Alyssum virgatum Nyar. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | | Azolla filiculoides | Pacific mosquitofern | Cu(A), Pb(A), Mn(A) | Origin Africa; floating plant | |
| Ni | 11400 | Bornmuellaria sp. petri Greuter Charpion et Dittrich (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 21300 | Bornmuellaria baldacii (Degen) Heywood (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 19200 | Bornmuellaria glabrescens (Boiss. & Balansa) Cullen & T.R. Dudley (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 31200 | Bornmuellaria tymphea (Hausskn.) Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | | Brassicaeae | | Cd(H), Cs(H), Ni(H), Sr(H), Zn(H) | Phytoextraction | |
| Ni | | Brassica juncea | Indian mustard | Cd(A), Cr(A), Cu(A), Pb(A), Pb(P), U(A), Zn(A) | cultivated | |
| Ni | H- | Burkea africana | | | Elevated levels of Ni in the embryonic axis in the seeds. | |
| Ni | 1050 | Cardamine resedifolia L. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Italy | |
| Ni | 540–1220 | Cuscuta californica var. breviflora Engelm. (Cuscutaceae) | | | A parasite of Streptanthus polygaloides as well as other species, it can accumulate Ni if the plant host contains some. See 'metal tolerance' in Phytoremediation article. | |
| Ni | | Helianthus annuus | Sunflower | | Phytoextraction & rhizofiltration | |
| Ni | | Hybanthus floribundus | Shrub violet | | | |
| Ni | | Ocimum centraliafricanum | Copper plant | Cu(T), Ni(T) | Origin Southern Africa | |
| Ni | 18900 | Peltaria dumulosa Post (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Asia | |
| Ni | 34400 | Peltaria emarginata (Boiss.) Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 3140 | Pseudosempervirum sempervium Boiss. And Balansa) Pobed (Brassica) | | | 372 plants noted; origin California (distrib. Turkey) | |
| Ni | 17600 | Pseudosempervirum aucheri (Boiss.) Pobed (Brassica) | | | 372 plants noted; origin California (distrib. Turkey) | |
| Ni | 14,900 to 27,700, up to 32,000 | Psychotria douarrei | | Older leaves contain more Ca, Fe, and Cr than younger leaves, but less K, P, and Cu. Zn, Pb, Co, Mn, Mg show no significant variation due to leaf age. | Origin New Caledonia; 372 records of plants. Ni contents in leaves of P. douarrei vary considerably due to leaf age. | |
| Ni | 17500 | Rinorea bengalensis | | Ni(H) | Origin Asia | |
| Ni | 18000 | Rinorea niccolifera | none | Ni(H) | Origin Philippines | |
| Ni | H- | Salvinia molesta | Water Fern | Cr(H), Ni(H), Pb(H), Zn(A) | Origin India | |
| Ni | H-up to 26% in xylem | Pycnandra acuminata | | | Origin Caledonia | |
| Ni | H- | Senecio coronatus | | | Presence of nickel in the part of the fruit covering the radicle and in the radicle itself. | |
| Ni | 1000 | Shorea tenuiramulosa (Dipterocarpaceae) | | | Philippine tree | Proctor et al. . (1989) |
| Ni | | Spirodela polyrhiza | Giant Duckweed | Cd(H), Cr(H), Pb(H), Zn(A) | Native to North America | |
| Ni | 21,500 | Stackhousia tryonii Bailey (Stackhousiaceae) | | | Origin western Australia | Batianoff et al. 1990. |
| Ni | 14800 | Streptanthus polygaloides Gray (Brassica) | Milkwort Jewelflower | | Ni-hyperaccumulation protects S. polygaloides against fungal and bacterial pathogens. | |
| Ni | 2000 | Thlaspi bulbosum Spruner ex Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 16200 | Thlaspi caerulescens | Alpine pennycress | Cd(H), Cr(A), Co(H), Cu(H), Mo(H), Pb(H), Zn(H) | phytoextraction | |
| Ni | 52120 | Thlaspi cypricum Brnm. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Cyprus | |
| Ni | 20800 | Thlaspi elegans Boiss. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 3000 | Thlaspi epirotum Halacsy (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 12000 | Thlaspi goesingense Halacsy (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 2440 | Thlaspi japonicum H. Boissieu (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Japan | |
| Ni | 26900 | Thlaspi jaubertii Hedge (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Turkey | |
| Ni | 13600 | Thlaspi kovatsii Heuffel (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Yugoslavia | |
| Ni | 5530 | Thlaspi montanum L. var. montanum (Brassica) | | | Distrib. U.S.A. Ni-hyperaccumulation protects T. montanum against fungal and bacterial pathogens. | |
| Ni | H- | Thlaspi pindicum (Brassica) | | | Sp. endemic to serpentine soils in Greece and Albania. Ni relatively abundant in some parts of the seed (mainly the micropyle). | |
| Ni | 4000 | Thlaspi ochroleucum Boiss. and Heldr. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 35600 | Thlaspi oxyceras (Boiss.) Hedge (Brassica) | | | distrib. Turkey, Syria | |
| Ni | 18300 | Thlaspi rotundifolium (L.) Gaudin var. corymbosum (Gay) (Brassica) | | | Central Europe | |
| Ni | 31000 | Thlaspi sylvium (as T. alpinim subsp. Sylvium) (Brassica) | | | Central Europe | |
| Ni | 1800 | Thlaspi tymphaneum Hausskn. (Brassica) | | | Distrib. Greece | |
| Ni | 7000 ( only 54 in fruits) | Walsura monophylla Elm. (Meliaceae) | | | Origin Philippines. | Baker et al. (1992) |
Notes
* In the genus Alyssum, free histamin (His) is an important Ni binding ligand that increases in the xylem proportionately to root Ni uptake. There is a close correlation between Ni tolerance, root His concentration, and ATP-PRT transcript abundance. Thus ATP-PRT expression may play a major role in regulating the pool of free His and contributes to the exceptional Ni tolerance of hyperaccumulator Alyssum species. But this is not the complete hyperaccumulator phenotype because His-(GM-)overproducing lines do not exhibit increased Ni concentrations in either xylem sap or shoot tissue.
* Alpine pennycress or «Alpine Pennygrass» is also found as «Alpine Pennycrest» in (some books).

## Reference sources with notes

* The references are so far mostly from academic trial papers, experiments and generally of exploration of that field.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad, Nickelophilous plants and their significance in phytotechnologies. Braz. J. Plant Physiol. Vol.17 no.1 Londrina Jan./Mar. 2005
* ↑ Brooks RR, Phytochemistry of hyperaccumulators. In: Brooks RR, ed. Plants that hyperaccumulate heavy metals. New York, 1998: CAB International, 15-53, cited in Nickel Localization in Seeds of the Metal Hyperaccumulator Thlaspi pindicum Hausskn., par G. K. Psaras and Y. Manetas. Annals of Botany 88: 513-516, 2001
* 1 2 3 4 5 McCutcheon & Schnoor 2003, Phytoremediation. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons pg 898
* 1 2 3 4 McCutcheon & Schnoor 2003, Phytoremediation. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons pg 19
* ↑ B. Muthukumar, B. Yakubov, DE Salt: Transcriptional activation and localization of expression of Brassica juncea putative metal transport protein BjMTP1 BMC Plant Biology 2007, 7:32 doi:10.1186/1471-2229-7-32
* ↑ E.T.F. Witkowski, I.M Weiersbye-Witkowski, W.J. Przybylowicz, J. Mesjasz-Przybylowicz: Nuclear microprobe studies of elemental distributions in dormant seeds of Burkea africana. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 1997, B130: 381-387
* ↑ R.S. Boyd and S.N. Martens. The significance of metal hyperaccumulation for biotic interactions. Chemoecology 8 (1998) pp.1–7
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 McCutcheon & Schnoor 2003, Phytoremediation. New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons pg 891
* ↑ Reeves 1992
* ↑ Howard-Williams, C. (1970). "The ecology of Becium homblei in Central Africa with special reference to metalliferous soils". Journal of Ecology. 58 (3): 745–763. doi:10.2307/2258533. JSTOR 2258533.
* 1 2 3 Brooks et al. 1977
* 1 2 3 R.S. Boyd, T. Jaffré and J. W. Odom. Variation in Nickel Content in the Nickel-Hyperaccumulating Shrub Psychotria douarrei (Rubiaceae) from New Caledonia. Biotropica, Volume 31 Page 403 - September 1999. Ni contents in leaves of P. douarrei vary considerably due to leaf age. Older leaves contain twice as much Ni as younger leaves, and leaf Ni content does not correlate significantly with neither plant size nor soil Ni content. Variations in accumulation differ greatly among branches within individuals as well as between individuals, but this intraplant variability was not strongly correlated with the mean leaf Ni content of an individual shrub. Epiphyll cover is increased on the upper surface of older leaves. The dominant leafy liverwort epiphyll contains 400ppm (relatively high), suggesting that epiphylls of Ni hyperaccumulators obtain some Ni from host leaves
* ↑ Fernando, E.; Quimado, M.; Doronila, A. (2014). "Rinorea niccolifera (Violaceae), a new, nickel-hyperaccumulating species from Luzon Island, Philippines". PhytoKeys (37): 1–13. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.37.7136. PMC 4023331. PMID 24843295.
* ↑ Przybylowicz WJ, Pineda CA, Prozesky VM, Mesjasz-Przybylowicz J., Investigation of Ni hyperaccumulation by the true elemental imageing. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research 1995, B104: 176-181
* ↑ Srivastav 1994
* ↑ "NRC Research Press". Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-10-28., Conseil National de Recherches du Canada, Influence of the zinc hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens J. & C. Presl. and the nonmetal accumulator Trifolium pratense L. on soil microbial populations, par T.A. Delorme, J.V. Gagliardi, J.S. Angle, et R.L. Chaney
* ↑ Baker & Brooks, 1989
* ↑ "Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils: Natural Hyperaccumulation versus Chemically Enhanced Phytoextraction -- Lombi et al. 30 (6): 1919 -- Journal of Environmental Quality". Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-10-16. E. Lombi, F.J. Zhao, S.J. Dunham et S.P. McGrath, Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal, Contaminated Soils, Natural Hyperaccumulation versus Chemically Enhanced Phytoextraction.
* ↑ Phytoremediation Decision Tree, ITRC
* ↑ G. K. Psaras and Y. Manetas, Nickel Localization in Seeds of the Metal Hyperaccumulator Thlaspi pindicum Hausskn.. Annals of Botany 88: 513-516, 2001
* ↑ A.J.M. Baker, J. Proctor, M.M.J. van Balgooy, R.D. Reeves. Hyperaccumulation of nickel by the flora of the ultramafics of Palawan, Republic of the Philippines. Pp 291–304 in Baker AJM, Proctor J, Reeves RD (eds) The Vegetation of Ultramafic (Serpentine) Soils. GB-Andover: Intercept (1992)
* ↑ Robert A. Ingle, Sam T. Mugford, Jonathan D. Rees, Malcolm M. Campbell and J. Andrew C. Smith, Constitutively High Expression of the Histidine Biosynthetic Pathway Contributes to Nickel Tolerance in Hyperaccumulator Plants. The Plant Cell 2005, 17:2089-2106. Full text online.