OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sikgaek

Sikgaek (Korean: 식객; Hanja: 食客) may refer to:
* Sikgaek (manhwa), 2002 South Korean serialized manhwa (comic)
* Le Grand Chef, 2007 film adaptation
* Gourmet (TV series), 2008 TV adaptation
# Grave monument from Kallithea

The Grave Monument from Kallithea is a tomb of a family of metics from Histria (Nikeratos and his son Polyxenos), which was excavated in Kallithea (Athens, Greece). The monument itself dates back to around 320 BCE and contains a polychrome frieze. It is currently located at the Piraeus Archaeological Museum. This grave monument was built outside the Long Walls leading to Piraeus.

## Description

The grave monument is composed of a limestone podium, which supports a marble pedestal with steps. On top of that, there are three statues inside an Ionic naiskos (a small temple). The three statues inside are of a family. The one on the far left is of Nikeratos, who wears a himation. The center statue is of his son, Polyxenos, who is depicted as a naked athlete in the contrapposto pose. The statue on the right is of one of the family's slave boys. The father and the slave boy are both in a static pose. All three have the softened musculature indicative of the Hellenistic period. The monument has noticeably aged. Limestone, a softer rock, has caused the podium to lose a few large chunks due to weathering. The marble pedestal has a few large cracks and a couple small missing pieces. The main frieze was done in relief. It depicts an Amazonomachy, where Greeks fought the tribe of warrior women. There is a blank area between two sections of the relief frieze, which may have been a painted frieze that has faded away with time. The naiskos is in a rather poor condition as all three statues inside have had their heads fall off.

### Comparison to contemporaries

This grave monument is fairly reflective of others in the late 4th century BCE. It depicts conspicuous consumption, as only the wealthy could afford something this extravagant. In 317/316 BCE, grave monuments were banned under Demetrios of Phaleron's anti-luxury decree. Conspicuous monuments such as this one may have been the impetus behind the passage of the law.
# Grave disability

Grave disability or gravely disabled is a legal status used as a criterion in addition to danger to self or others as the basis for involuntary commitment in only 9 of 50 states of the United States. It is not a criterion in Washington, D.C.
In California, it is defined as "a condition in which a person, as a result of a mental health disorder," ...(or impairment by chronic alcoholism)..., "is unable to provide for his or her basic personal needs for food, clothing, or shelter."
Some states such as Louisiana also include substance-related or addictive disorders and add medical care to needs.
It may also be used in certain defined violent felony cases for mental incompetence.
# Sidi Ali Benyoub District

Sidi Ali Benyoub District is a district of Sidi Bel Abbès Province, Algeria.
The district is further divided into 3 municipalities:
* Sidi Ali Benyoub
* Boukhanafis
* Tabya
* This article about a location in Sidi Bel Abbès Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
34°56′44″N 0°43′10″W﻿ / ﻿34.9456°N 0.7194°W﻿ / 34.9456; -0.7194
# Urophora simplex

Urophora simplex is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Urophora of the family Tephritidae.

## Distribution

Ecuador.
# Graph center

The center (or Jordan center) of a graph is the set of all vertices of minimum eccentricity, that is, the set of all vertices u where the greatest distance d(u,v) to other vertices v is minimal. Equivalently, it is the set of vertices with eccentricity equal to the graph's radius. Thus vertices in the center (central points) minimize the maximal distance from other points in the graph.
This is also known as the vertex 1-center problem and can be extended to the vertex k-center problem.
Finding the center of a graph is useful in facility location problems where the goal is to minimize the worst-case distance to the facility. For example, placing a hospital at a central point reduces the longest distance the ambulance has to travel.
The center can be found using the Floyd–Warshall algorithm. Another algorithm has been proposed based on matrix calculus.
The concept of the center of a graph is related to the closeness centrality measure in social network analysis, which is the reciprocal of the mean of the distances d(A,B).
# Patricija Šulin

Patricija Šulin (25 November 1965 – 2 November 2021) was a Slovenian politician. A member of the Slovenian Democratic Party and the European People's Party Group, she served in the European Parliament from 2014 to 2019 and in the National Assembly of Slovenia from 2012 to 2013.
# Patricias Hope

Patricias Hope was a famous racing greyhound from the 1970s. He is just one of four greyhounds along with Mick the Miller, Rapid Ranger and Westmead Hawk to win the English Greyhound Derby twice.

## 1972

Patricias Hope won the 1972 English Greyhound Derby when trained by Adam Jackson and owned by Brian Stanley and Gordon and Basil Marks. During the same year he secured the Triple Crown, consisting of the English Greyhound Derby, Scottish Greyhound Derby and Welsh Greyhound Derby. Along with Trev's Perfection and Mile Bush Pride, only one of three greyhounds to do so and was duly voted 1972 Greyhound of the Year. He was later sent to stud.

## 1973

In 1973 he returned from stud duties in Ireland (where he had covered some 36 bitches) and successfully defended his title when winning the 1973 English Greyhound Derby for trainer John O'Connor. He became only the second greyhound in history at the time, after Mick the Miller, to claim a second title. The event was broadcast live on ITV's World of Sport and won £12,500, under new sponsors Spillers. John O'Connor had bought Brian Stanley's share in the greyhound and trained him for the 1973 competition.

## 1974

He was retired to stud in 1974 after failing to secure a record third English Derby.

## Retirement

In November 1982 at the age of 12 he was put to sleep at the Hook Estate and Kennels, after losing control of his hind legs.
# Patrick Hogan (Tipperary politician)

Patrick Hogan (25 March 1907 – 5 October 1972) was an Irish Fine Gael politician and surgeon. He was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary South constituency at the 1961 general election. He was re-elected at the 1965 and 1969 general elections. He died before the 1973 general election but no by-election was called to replace him. Party colleague Brendan Griffin won a seat in the 1973 general election.
# Grand Rapids Grizzlies

The Grand Rapids Grizzlies were an American semi-professional ice hockey team located in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The team was in operation for parts of two seasons in the Continental Hockey League. The franchise folded mid-way through their second season.

## Season-by-season record

| Season | GP | W | L | T | Pts | GF | GA | Place | Playoffs |
| 1980-81 | 32 | 18 | 13 | 1 | 37 | 161 | 161 | 3rd | Lost in 1st round |
| 1981-82 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 7 | 69 | 57 | withdrew | N/A |
# Uwe Karpa

Uwe Karpa (born 18 September 1945) is a German actor and voice actor.

## Acting career

He has been performing roles in theatre, film, and television since 1965. Karpa received his acting training in Karl-Marx-Stadt. He performed in theatres in, among others, Frankfurt an der Oder, Berlin, Dresden, and Bad Segeberg. On television, he was particularly well known between 1996 and 2005 in the role of staff nurse Brenneke (Oberpfleger Brenneke) in the series Alphateam – Die Lebensretter im OP. He had his cinematic debut in 1965 in Berlin um die Ecke. In 2007 in Der Baader-Meinhof-Komplex, he played the role of the police chief.

## Selected filmography
### Film

List of film appearances, with year, title, and role shown :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 1965 | Denk bloß nicht, ich heule | Bubi |
| 1988 | Bear Ye One Another's Burden | Second comrade |
| 2007 | The Baader Meinhof Complex | Police chief |
| 2012 | Der Gründer | Glenny Rosenberg |

### Television

List of television appearances, with year, title, and role shown :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1971 | Rottenknechte | Anton Roth | multi-part television film |
| 1980 | Archiv des Todes | Patrolman | multi-part television film |
| 1988–91 | Polizeiruf 110 | Various roles | 4 episodes |
| 1993–95 | Wolffs Revier | Schröder | 3 episodes |
| 1997–2006 | Alphateam – Die Lebensretter im OP | Helmut Brenneke | 233 episodes |
| 2019 | SOKO Potsdam | Tänzer Erwin | 1 episode |
# Patriarch John

Patriarch John may refer to:
* John Talaia (Patriarch John I), Patriarch of Alexandria in 481–482
* Pope John I of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria in 496–505
* Pope John II (III) of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria in 505–516
* Patriarch John IV of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 569–579
* Patriarch John V of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 610–619
* Patriarch John VI of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1062–1100
* Patriarch John I of Antioch, ruled in 428–442
* Patriarch John IV of Antioch, ruled in 846–873
* John the Oxite, Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch (as John IV or V) in 1089–1100
* Patriarch John X of Antioch, ruled since 2012
* John Chrysostom, Patriarch John I of Constantinople, Archbishop in 398–404
* John of Cappadocia, Patriarch John II of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 518–520
* John Scholasticus, Patriarch John III of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 565–577
* Patriarch John IV of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 582–595
* Patriarch John V of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 669–675
* Patriarch John VI of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 712–715
* Patriarch John VII of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 837–843
* Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1064–1075
* Patriarch John IX of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1111–1134
* Patriarch John X of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1198–1206
* Patriarch John XI of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1275–1282
* Patriarch John XII of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1294–1303
* Patriarch John XIII of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1315–1320
* Patriarch John XIV of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1334–1347
# Patriarch John II

Patriarch John II may refer to:
* Patriarch John II Codonatus of Antioch (ruled in 476–477)
* Pope John I (II) of Alexandria (Patriarch John II of Alexandria), ruled in 496–505
* Pope John II (III) of Alexandria (Patriarch John III of Alexandria), ruled in 505–516
* John II, Maronite Patriarch (designation contended among various people)
# VF-131

Fighter Squadron 131 or VF-131 was a short-lived U.S. Navy fighter squadron. It was established on 21 August 1961 and disestablished a year later, on 1 October 1962. It was based at NAS Cecil Field and flew F3H Demon fighters.

## Operational history

* August 1961: The squadron was established as part of a new Air Group to increase the strength of the fleet as a result of the Berlin Crisis of 1961.
* 8–19 February 1962: A squadron detachment was aboard USS Constellation for carrier trials and in a standby status for possible assistance during Project Mercury, the launching of Lieutenant Colonel John H. Glenn, USMC, in Mercury spacecraft Friendship 7.
* March–May 1962: The squadron participated in Constellation’s shakedown cruise in the Caribbean.
# Patrick J. Reynolds (artist)

Patrick J. Reynolds (born 1963 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is a noted visual artist and published author. Reynolds' work is in collections throughout the United States, including the Pentagon, Covenant Hospice non-profit art center, and Tyndall Air force Base. He is known for his unusual style and application of materials where he creates large-scale works. He is also known for his dynamic teaching style, including the use of a variety of tools in the art world such as the airbrush and raw graphite.

## Exhibitions

Reynolds' work has been exhibited in one man shows in galleries and gala events, including the Wyland Gallery, Allure Gallery, Reynolds Gallery (Birmingham, Alabama).

## Books

Reynolds is an accomplished author, with titles including Principals of Peace, Journey of Dreams, and Tears of a Dreamer. He has also created a series of videos on the subject of airbrush uses ranging from lettering, color theory, and painting directly on metal.

## Articles

Patrick has written articles in many publications on a wide scope of the art world, many in Airbrush Action Magazine (Newark, New Jersey), for example "Airbrushing Special Effects on Vinyl" in Signs of the Times Magazine and "How to Start a Vinyl Lettering Business" in Sign Builder Other articles include pieces in Art Business News, The News Herald, Airbrush Zeitung, and Truckin Magazine.

## Charities

Reynolds has been involved heavily in charities such as [http://www.chsfl.org/Home . Children's Home Society for battered women and children, and Covenant Hospice., where fine art is auctioned off and proceeds go directly to help those in need.

## Works

Major works include, Heaven's Hues America, Principals of Peace, Beyond the Storm, Tears of a Dreamer, Journey of Dreams, Amore Di Dio, Bella Rosa, and Eternal Embrace.
# Graupner

Graupner may refer to:
* Adolphus E. Graupner (1875-1947), judge of the United States Board of Tax Appeals
* Christoph Graupner (1683-1760), German harpsichordist and composer
* Johann Christian Gottlieb Graupner (1767-1836), German musician, composer, educator and publisher
* Roland Graupner, German sprint canoer
* Graupner (company), a German manufacturer of radio controlled models and equipment.
# Vivien Blackett

Vivien Blackett (born 1955) is a British artist, notable for her time as the artist-in-residence at the National Gallery in London.

## Biography

Blackett was born in London and from 1974 to 1978 studied Fine Art at Goldsmiths. In 1985 she had her first solo exhibition in London's Brick Lane. Throughout 1986 and 1987, Blackett was the artist-in-residence at the National Gallery in London. In 1992, works by Blackett were included in the Women's Art exhibition hosted at New Hall in Cambridge. Also in 1992, she held the position of artist-in-residence at the Camden Arts Centre in north London.
In 2007 Blackett created a body of work for a solo exhibition at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. As well as developing themes from earlier in her career, most notably a 1997 series of painted panels entitled Above, below, within, Blackett also gained inspiration from studying archive material at the Wellcome Library on subjects as diverse as chemistry, cooking and witchcraft.
The British Council collection contains examples of her work.
# Vaddemgunta

Vaddemgunta is a village in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is the headquarters of Bollapalle mandal in Narasaraopet revenue division.

## Geography

Vaddemgunta is situated to the south of the mandal headquarters, Bhattiprolu, at 16°08′N 79°42′E﻿ / ﻿16.133°N 79.700°E﻿ / 16.133; 79.700. It is spread over an area of 1,691 km$^2$ (653 sq mi).

## Governance

Vaddemgunta gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. It is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a ward member.

## Education

As per the school information report for the academic year 2018–19, the village has a total of 2 MPP schools.
From this village so many people working outside of India, few more students completed their Ph.D in prestigious Institutes and working as Lectures.
# Vaddu

Vaddu may refer to:
* Vaddu, India
* Vaddu, Iran
# Paul-Edmond Decharme

Paul-Edmond Decharme (1907–1984) was a French film producer. He headed the production company Alcina which was active after the Second World War.

## Selected filmography

* The Black Cavalier (1945)
* Blondine (1945)
* Martin Roumagnac (1946)
* The Eternal Husband (1946)
* Mirror (1947)
* Le voleur se porte bien (1948)
* The Mystery of the Yellow Room (1949)
* The Perfume of the Lady in Black (1949)
* Manon (1949)
* Miquette (1950)
* Bluebeard (1951)
* The Lovers of Bras-Mort (1951)
* The Red Needle (1951)
* Leathernose (1952)
* The Stowaway (1958)
* Bay of Angels (1963)
* Backfire (1964)
* Crime on a Summer Morning (1965)
* Tender Scoundrel (1966)
* All Mad About Him (1967)
# Sigurd Østrem

Sigurd Østrem (1884–1954) was a Norwegian jurist.
He took the dr.juris degree in 1926 with the thesis De kollektive arbeidskampe efter norsk ret. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he held more than thirty radio lectures in the Nazi-controlled Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, explaining new Nazi laws and reforms in a Norwegian historical context. He was also appointed as a docent in jurisprudence at the University of Oslo on 27 June 1941, but lost his job shortly after the war, on 15 May 1945. He died on 22 February 1954.
# Sigurdur Helgason

Sigurdur Helgason may refer to:
* Sigurdur Helgason (airline executive) (1921–2009)
* Sigurður Helgason (mathematician) (1927-2023), Icelandic mathematician
* Sigurður Helgason (basketball) (born 1940), Icelandic basketball player and coach
# Simba (South African company)

Simba (Pty) Ltd. (commonly referred to as Simba) is a South African snack food manufacturer mainly operating in South Africa. It was founded in 1957 by Leon Greyvensteyn, and acquired by PepsiCo in 1999. It is best known for manufacturing potato and maize-based snack foods. They hold 63 percent of the South African crisps market.

## History

The company's roots can be traced to 1939 when Elizabeth Ann Greyvensteyn, known as "Ouma Nannie", turned a family rusk recipe sold at church fetes, to a business making the rusks on a commercial scale for sale in Johannesburg.$^{:33}$ They obtained a loan of R3,000 from the Industrial Development Corporation in 1940 to expand their business.$^{:33}$ Andre Greyvensteyn, her son, joined the business in March 1945 when he left his job in Johannesburg.$^{:33}$ The rusks were originally sold as Uitspan and Outspan Rusks but were later renamed as Ouma Rusks. In the 1970s, the rusk part of the business was sold to Fedfood which later sold the business to other companies.
In 1955, after a tour of America, Andre Greyvensteyn started the chip business and would become the chairperson of Simba in 1960 on the death of his father.$^{:35}$
# Simeone

Simeone is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carmelo Simeone (1934–2014), Argentine former football player
* Diego Simeone (born 1970), Argentine football manager and former player
* Gianluca Simeone (born 1998), Argentine football player
* Giovanni Simeone (born 1995), Argentine football player
* Giuliano Simeone (born 2002), Argentine football player
* Lee Jason Simeone (born 1980), English musician
* Osvaldo Simeone, American engineer
# Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica

Vachellia nilotica subsp. indica is a perennial tree native to Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. It is also cultivated in Angola, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Common names for it include babul, kikar and prickly acacia.
Its uses include chemical products, environmental management, fiber, food and drink, forage, medicine and wood.

## Uses
### Tannin

The bark of V. nilotica subsp. indica has a tannin content of greater than 20%. The pods without seeds have a tannin content of about 18–27%.

## Chemical compounds

The bark has been found to contain catechin, epicatechin, dicatechin, quercitin, gallic acid and procyanidin.
# Simon Behrakis

Simon Behrakis (born 16 October 1989) is an Australian politician, currently serving as a member for Clark in the Tasmanian House of Assembly.
Behrakis ran as a Liberal Party candidate at the 2018 and 2021 state elections. He was elected as an alderman to Hobart City Council at the 2018 local government elections, later being re-elected in 2022.
He was elected to parliament via a recount on 24 October 2023 after the resignation of former Attorney-General Elise Archer.
He was elected in his own right at the 2024 Tasmanian state election for the Tasmanian Liberal Party.
# Graphopsocus

Graphopsocus is a genus of insects belonging to the family Stenopsocidae.
The species of this genus are found in Europe, Southeastern Asia and Northern America.
Species:
* Graphopsocus borealis Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus choui Li, 1992
* Graphopsocus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1768)
* Graphopsocus epicharis Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus euneurus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus evanidus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus flavipunctatus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus infirmus Banks, 1920
* Graphopsocus intrans Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus leptostigmus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus liaoningensis Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus luojiashanensis Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus megistigmus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus mexicanus Enderlein, 1909
* Graphopsocus obcuneatus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus panduratus Li, 1989
* Graphopsocus platynotus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus putuoshanensis Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus shaanxiensis Li, 1989
* Graphopsocus sinuolatus Li, 2002
* Graphopsocus subaequalis Banks, 1920
* Graphopsocus urceolatus Li, 1993
* Graphopsocus vietnamicus Liang, Li & Liu, 2013
# Graphops marcassita

Graphops marcassita is a species of leaf beetle. It is found in North America.

## Subspecies

These two subspecies belong to the species Graphops marcassita:
* Graphops marcassita marcassita (Crotch, 1873)$^{icg}$
* Graphops marcassita pugitana Blake, 1955$^{icg}$
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
# Sigurd Swane

Sigurd Swane (16 June 1879 – 9 April 1973) was a Danish Post-Impressionist painter and poet; known primarily for his landscapes. His former home Malergården in Odsherred was converted into a historic house museum in 2004.

## Biography

Swane was born in Frederiksberg. He studied in Copenhagen at the Royal Danish Academy of Art from 1899 until 1903. That year, he made his official debut at the Charlottenborg Spring Exhibition.
While in Paris in 1907, he was influenced by Fauvism. On returning to Denmark, he painted a series of woodlands using greens, yellows and blues. His use of pointillistic spots was soon replaced by more solid brushstrokes, with careful separation of colour, making him one of Denmark's foremost colourists. He also did portraits, still lifes and some religious scenes, including many painted versions of "The Dream of Jacob". His portraits are typified by wooded backgrounds.
In 1912 he published one of his best known collections of poems, Skyer (Clouds). Three years later, he was among the organizers of the Grønningen artists' group. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
After 1934, he fulfilled his childhood dream of living in the country on a farm in Odsherred in the north-west of Zealand, where he completed a series of light-filled landscape paintings. From 1947 he often painted in Spain and Portugal. When travelling in Southern Europe, the family would use a converted truck as a living space.
Sigurd Swane died, aged 93, at his farmhouse, named Malergården, in the hamlet of Plejerup, not far from Grevinge in Zealand. Malergården was also a residence for other Swane family members engaged in the arts including his brother Leo (1887-1968), who was an art historian. In 2004 the idyllic house and grounds were established as a museum, being a branch of the Odsherreds Kunstmuseum.
His first wife Christine Swane (1876–1960) to whom he was married from 1910 to 1920, was also a painter. In 1921, he married his second wife Agnete Swane (1893 - 1994), likewise a painter but also with an interest in architecture. She designed the Malergården house in 1934. His son Lars Swane (1913-2002) and daughters Gerda Swane (1930-2004) and Hanne Swane (1926-1986) were also painters. A second son, Henrik Swane (1929-2011), became a popular photographer.
# Patrick Langley

Patrick Langley is a British writer living in London.

## Novels

* 2018: Arkady (London: Fitzcarraldo Editions). Longlisted for the RSL Ondaatje Prize and the Deborah Rogers Foundation Writers Award and reviewed in The Guardian, The Irish Times, New Statesman, and elsewhere.
* 2023/24: The Variations (London: Fitzcarraldo Editions; New York, NYRB) Reviewed in The Guardian the Times Literary Supplement and elsewhere.