OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sylvester Mubayi

Sylvester Mubayi (1942 – 13 December 2022) was a Zimbabwean sculptor.

## Early life and education

Sylvester Mubayi was born in 1942 in the Chihota Reserve near Marondera, Zimbabwe, the sixth child in a family of nine. He left school aged sixteen and worked as a tobacco grader. In 1966 he moved to Harare (then Salisbury) and worked at the Chibuku Breweries.

## Later life and exhibitions

Mubayi joined the Tengenenge Sculpture Community in April 1967 as one of its early members. In 1969, Frank McEwen, who was the founding director of the Rhodes National Gallery in Harare, opened a workshop school to encourage the development of local artists and his wife Mary (née McFadden) established Vukutu, a sculptural farm near Nyanga: Mubayi was the first sculptor to work there. McEwen lauded Mubayi as the "greatest sculptor of all time" and after McEwen's death his bequest of sculptures to the British Museum included six pieces by Mubayi. According to Jonathan Zilbert, Mubayi at that time used skeletons as a recurring theme in his work, intending them to illustrate ancestral spirits and blood sacrifice.
An exhibition of sculptures which toured South African cities in 1968–9 included a stone carving Nzuzu (Waterspirit) by Mubayi and it won an Oppenheimer Memorial Trust Award for sculpture.
Mubayi was an artist in residence at the Chapungu Sculpture Park and subsequently lived and worked in Chitungwiza; his sculptures are inspired by stories of spirits and the supernatural, combining human and animal forms. The stones used include springstone and lepidolite. In 1988, Michael Shepherd, a British art critic commented:
   “Now that Henry Moore is dead, who is the greatest living stone sculptor? Were I to choose, I would choose from three Zimbabwean sculptors — Sylvester Mubayi, Nicholas Mukomberanwa and Joseph Ndandarika.”
The catalogue Chapungu: Culture and Legend – A Culture in Stone for an exhibition at Kew Gardens in 2000 depicts Mubayi's sculptures Protected by our Spirits (Springstone, 1999) on p. 34-35, Spirit Bird Prays for Rain (Springstone, 1997) on p. 90-91 and Returning to my Sekuru (Elder) (Springstone, 1997) on p. 98-99. An exhibition of the same name toured in the US in 2003, with Mubayi's Traditional Healer presented at the Chicago Botanic Garden and the Garfield Park Conservatory.
The National Gallery of Zimbabwe held a retrospective of his life's work in August 2008 to much acclaim. Their permanent collection includes The Skeleton Man, and Witch and Her Mate.
In 2017, Mubayi represented Zimbabwe at the 57th Venice Biennale. His sculpture exhibited there included Snail Crossing the River, Spirit Buffalo and War Victim.

### Selected solo or group exhibitions

* 1971 Sculpture Contemporaine des Shonas d’Afrique, Musée Rodin, Paris, France
* 1978 MOMA, New York, USA
* 1990 Contemporary Stone Carving from Zimbabwe, Yorkshire Sculpture Park, UK
* 2000 Chapungu: Custom and Legend – A Culture in Stone, Kew Gardens, UK

## Death

Mubayi died in Chitungwiza on 13 December 2022, at the age of 80.
# Half Past Human

Half Past Human is a fixup science fiction novel by American author T. J. Bass, published in 1971. Two short stories were combined and fleshed out to form this novel: "Half Past Human", first published in Galaxy Science Fiction in December 1969, and "G.I.T.A.R.", first published in If in November and December 1970. The novel belongs to the Hive series, which also includes The Godwhale.
Bass' Hive series of stories are replete with obvious and not-so-obvious references to nomenclature commonly used in pathology, including eponymic puns (note a male character's observation of a female character's attractive "Howell-Jolly body").
Half Past Human was nominated for the Nebula Award for Best Novel in 1971.

## Plot summary

Bass' future Earth is an environment in which the sum of the biota serves as its food chain. Human science has created the four-toed Nebish, a pallid, short-lived and highly programmable humanoid who has had the elements that do not facilitate an underground Hive existence (aggression, curiosity, etc.) bred out of it. The five-toed humans (called buckeyes) wander the biofarms that keep the trillions of Earth's Nebish population fed. All vertebrates other than man and rat are extinct, so meat comes from other humans (and the occasional rat). The conflict between the Hives and the roving bands of five-toed original Humans, who are reduced to savagery and hunted like vermin by Hive Security, forms the backdrop of this novel.
The story begins as Old Man Moon and his dog Dan wander the fields. They are genetic experiments with their biological clocks stopped. They encounter Toothpick, a companion cyber from the days when technology was more advanced before the hive decline. Toothpick urges Moon to pick him up, but Moon does not like cybers—they work for the Hive. Toothpick promises food and when he makes good on his promise that an electrical storm will short circuit the agromecks from reporting his pilfering of the gardens, Moon considers Toothpick's offer of companionship. Toothpick explains he is a companion cyber, and when he promises new teeth for Moon and Dan, Moon agrees and the three set off on Toothpick's unstated mission.
Something strange is happening, as the primitive buckeyes are showing signs of a purpose whose goal is unclear and probably dangerous to the balance of the Hive. There seems to be a third party stirring the pot, campaigning in a relentlessly successful battle with the computer minds that keep this "brave new world" in balance. Agendas beyond the ken of their protagonists begin to come into play, and an epic battle between the Four- and the Five-toed is looming.
# Françoise Chombar

Françoise Chombar (born May 1962) is a Belgian businesswoman. She is the current CEO and one of the original founders of the semiconductor company Melexis [nl]. She took over as a CEO from her husband and co-founder Rudi de Winter in 2004, having previously served as the COO of the company since 1997. She is also a non-executive board member for Soitec and Umicore, and a member of the Advisory Board at Byteflies.
She has a master's degree from Ghent University in interpreting Dutch-English-Spanish.

## STEM and gender equality work

Françoise Chombar is the president of STEM Platform, an independent advisory body to the Flemish government on children's STEM education. She also promotes gender equality through involvement in organizations including Women on Board, an association that aims to give women better access to directorial roles in Belgian companies, and SOFIA Academy, a networking program for female managers and entrepreneurs in Hasselt University, where she has been a mentor for 17 years.

## Recognition

In 2016, she won the Vlerick Award, given out by the Vlerick Business School for excellence in management. It was the first time the management award was won by a female entrepreneur.
In 2018, Chombar was awarded the BNP Paribas Global Prize for Women Entrepreneurs, and was named the ICT Personality of the Year by Belgian magazine DataNews. She was also awarded a Science Fellowship at Free University of Brussels-VUB the same year.
In 2019, Chombar received the Flemish Community Honor for her work as a STEM and gender balance advocate and was named the Limburg Entrepreneur of the Year by Belgian newspaper Het Belang van Limburg.
In 2020, she was elected to Inspiring Fifty Belgium, a list of the 50 most inspiring women in the Belgian technology sector.
# Olga Beliaeva

Olga Beliaeva or Olga Fomicheva (born 18 March 1985) is a Russian water polo player. At the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed for the Russia women's national water polo team in the women's event. She is 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) tall. She won the gold medal at the 2006 European Championship in Belgrade, Serbia. She holds the title of Honoured Master of Sport in the Russian Federation.

## Personal

She is married with Dmitry. She graduated from St. Petersburg State University of Economics where she studied economics and management in petrol, gas and chemical complexes. In October 2013 she took part in the Olympic torch relay for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
# Shahla Ujayli

Shahla Ujayli (born 1976) is a Syrian fiction writer and academic. A laureate of the Al Multaqa Prize for Arabic short stories, she became notable for her short story collection A Bed for the King’s Daughter and for her novels Summer with the Enemy and A Sky Close to Our House. Some of her works have been translated into English and German. Her work is part of contemporary Syrian literature in the context of imprisonment, war and exile.

## Life and career

Ujayli studied modern Arabic literature at Aleppo University, graduating with a doctorate. Subsequently, she became a lecturer at the American University in Madaba, Jordan. She made her literary debut in 2005, publishing a short story collection called The Mashrabiyya.
Her first novels, written in Arabic, were The Cat's Eye (2006) that won the Jordan State Award for Literature, Persian Carpet (2013) and A Sky Close to Us (2015). The last-named book was nominated for the 2016 International Prize for Arabic Fiction (IPAF). Her short story collection A Bed for the King’s Daughter, published in Arabic in 2017, was awarded the Al Multaqa Prize. Ujayli was also a participant at the 2014 IPAF nadwa, an annual writing workshop for promising emerging writers. In 2019, her novel Summer with the Enemy was again shortlisted for the IPAF.

## Selected works
### Fiction in English translation

* A Bed for the King’s Daughter. Short stories. Translated by Sawad Hussain. Center for Middle Eastern Studies/University of Texas Press, 2021, ISBN 9781477322284.
* Summer with the Enemy. Translated by Hartman, Michelle. Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Books. 2020. ISBN 978-1-62371-867-1.
* A Sky So Close to Us. Translated by Hartman, Michelle. Interlink Books. 2018. ISBN 978-1-62371-983-8.

### Academic studies

* Mirror of Strangeness: Articles on Cultural Criticism (2006)
* The Syrian Novel: Experimentalism and Theoretical Categories (2009)
* Cultural Particularity in the Arabic Novel (2011)
* Transformation of Identity in the Arab Novel: Jordanian Novel as a Model. Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences. 45(2), 27-41, 2018.
* The Aesthetic Identity of Arabic Novel: Post-Colonial Perspective. Beirut: Amman, Algeria: Dhifaf- Majaz- Ekhtilaf, 2020
* Ujayli, Shahla (2020-03-24). "The Role of Personal Story in Making Arab Feminist Narrated History". Arabic and World Literature: Comparative and Multidisciplinary Perspectives. 2 (1). American University of Madaba, Jordan. doi:10.31526/AWL.2021.234.
* Ujayli, Shahla (2022-07-30). "Knowledge and the Discourse Power of the Exile's Writing". Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences. 49 (4): 90–101. doi:10.35516/hum.v49i4.2035. ISSN 2663-6190.

## Literature

* "The various representations of the intellectual in Shahla Ujayli's : a sky so close to us (2019)". WorldCat.org. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
* Mahfouz, Naghib, et al. 2017. Arab Literary Awards: Naghib Mahfouz, Muhammad Khudayyir, Alaa Khaled, Elias Farkouh, Shahla Ujayli, Mahmoud Saeed, Ashur Etwebi, and Yahya Al-Sheikh. Banipal. London: Banipal Publishing ISBN 9780995636910.
# Paola Tirados

Paola Tirados Sánchez (born 14 January 1980 in ) is a Spanish synchronized swimmer. She has competed at the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics.
# Homburg–Neunkirchen railway

The Homburg–Neunkirchen railway is a two-track, electrified railway main line in the German state of Saarland. It connects Homburg on the Mannheim–Saarbrücken railway (historically called the Pfälzische Ludwigsbahn— Palatine Ludwig Railway) and Neunkirchen on the Nahe Valley Railway (Nahetalbahn).
Historically, the Homburg–Bexbach section was in Bavaria and was built as part of the Palatine Ludwig Railway. The Wellesweiler– Neunkirchen section was built as part of the Neunkirchen–Neunkirchen-Heinitz railway, which served collieries in an area that was then part of Prussia.

## Route

The Palatine Ludwig Railway divides into two branches in Homburg Hauptbahnhof. Originally, the route ran to Bexbach, where it connected to the Prussian colliery branch line to Neunkirchen, which was later connected to the Nahe Valley Railway.
The modern route of the Palatine Ludwig Railway was built in 1866/7 from Homburg to St. Ingbert and extended to Saarbrücken in 1879.

## History

On 10 January 1838, a provisional company was formed to build the line from Rheinschanze (renamed Ludwigshafen in 1865) to Bexbach. On 30 March of that year, the company was formally established as the Bayerische Eisenbahngesellschaft der Pfalz-Rheinschanz-Bexbacher Bahn (Bavarian Railway Company of the Palatine-Rheinschanz–Bexbach Railway). In May 1844, the company was finally renamed as the Palatine Ludwig Railway Company.
From the end of March 1845, the construction of the line was directed by Paul Camille von Denis, at that time one of the leading pioneers of Germany's railways. It served primarily as a means for transporting Saar coal from the Bexbach area for the Bavarian government to the port and trading centre of Rheinschanze. The line was named after the Bavarian King Ludwig I. In addition, it was agreed to connect Rheinschanze to the Bavarian Rhine district, by means of a branch from the line at Schifferstadt to Speyer.
The section from Homburg to Bexbach, which was located on Bavarian territory, opened on 6 June 1849. Bexbach station is the oldest, still existing station in the Saarland.
The Prussian section of the line from Neunkirchen to Wellesweiler was put into operation on 20 October 1850.
In July 1856, the line was duplicated over its entire length between Ludwigshafen and Neunkirchen.
After the First World War the Saar came under the administration of the League of Nations. So in 1920, this line came under the administration of the Saar Railway (Saareisenbahn). With the inclusion of the Saar region in Germany in 1935, the line was taken over by Deutsche Reichsbahn.

### Developments after the Second World War (1945)

After the Second World War, the line returned to its own administration, this time called the Railways of the Saarland (Eisenbahnen des Saarlandes, EdS). The EdS was incorporated in Deutsche Bundesbahn in 1957 with the inclusion of the Saarland in the Federal Republic of Germany.
# Frederick Upton

Fred or Frederick Upton may refer to:
* George Frederick Upton, 3rd Viscount Templetown (1802–1890), Irish general and politician
* Frederick Upton (Whirlpool Corporation) (1890–1986), American corporate executive
* Fred Upton (born 1953), American politician; congressman from Michigan (grandson of above)
# Pancratium canariense

Pancratium canariense or the Canary Sea Daffodil is a species of bulbous plant endemic to the Canary Islands. It grows on north facing slopes in good light, not exposed to hot burning sun and not baking drought. It grows in fertile soil between rocks and shrubs. It flowers in the early autumn. The name canariense means "from the Canary Islands".

## Description

Bulbous perennial with glaucous leaves. It forms quite large bulbs (12–15 cm diameter) with a short neck. The plant is winter growing and summer dormant. Scape to 80 cm. Flowers in a multiflowered umbel, white with a corona. Very fragrant. Flowers in the fall. Pancratium illyricum from southern Europe is very similar. It has narrower leaves, shorter flower-stalks and flowers in the spring.

## Cultivation

Easy to grow and flowers freely if planted in a sunny spot. It does not tolerate frost, but should be very good for coastal Californian gardens in the fog belt. Hardy to USDA zone 10.
# Gordon Mason

Sir Gordon Charles Mason OBE JP (8 November 1921 – 20 July 2010) was a New Zealand local-body politician and businessman. He served as the mayor of Rodney District from 1989 to 1992.

## Biography

Born in Helensville on 8 November 1921, Mason was the son of Joseph Henry Mason and May Louisa Mason (née Parker). In 1944, he married Tui Audrey King, and the couple had three children. They lived at Kaipara Flats, where they ran a transport business and later farmed.
Mason entered local-body politics in 1960, when he was elected a member of the Rodney County Council. He served as deputy chair of the county council for 10 years from 1963, and then was chair between 1973 and 1989. When Rodney District was created by the amalgamation of Helensville Borough and Rodney County in the 1989 local government reforms, Mason was elected the district's first mayor, before retiring from public life three years later.
Mason served as president of the New Zealand Counties Association between 1984 and 1987, and was intimately involved in the marger of that body with the Municipal Association in 1988 to form the Local Government Association (LGA). In 1994, he was made a life member of the LGA. He was also a justice of the peace.
Mason died at the Hibiscus Coast Hospice in Red Beach on 20 July 2010, and was buried at Kaipara Flats Cemetery. His wife, Tui, Lady Mason, died in Warkworth on 10 February 2022.

## Honours and awards

In 1977, Mason was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal. In the 1982 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to local government. In the 1993 New Year Honours, he was made a Knight Bachelor, also for services to local government.
# 2012 in Belarus

Events in the year 2012 in Belarus.

## Incumbents

* President: Alexander Lukashenko
* Prime Minister: Mikhail Myasnikovich

## Deaths

* 2 May – Zvi Zeitlin, classical violinist (b. 1922).
# Françoise Cantamessa

Françoise Cantamessa (born 12 November 1968) is a Swiss equestrian. She competed in two events at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Shailendra Singh (police officer)

Shailendra Singh is a former Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) of Uttar Pradesh Police in India. Following his 2004 resignation, the Congress Party appointed him the chair of its Right to Information Task Force for the province of Uttar Pradesh.
Singh was arrested in September 2008. Authorities claimed he had been arrested while he tried to lead a gang in ransacking the offices of the State Information Commission. Political colleagues asserted he had been arrested in his own home, at 1:30am, and that his arrest was politically motivated. Singh was released on bail on 2008, October 2.
# Paola Troncoso

Paola Troncoso (born 12 January 1974) is a Chilean actress and comedian.
She became known for her participation in the comedy show Morandé con compañía where she played several characters, being "Polillita" and "Miguelito's" mother, "Paolita Rojas"; the most outstanding.

## Career

She began her career as an actress and comedian in 1995, when, through a casting, she was chosen to participate in the comedy section of Mega's program Acompáñeme. Two years later, she joined the programs Venga conmigo and Na' que ver con Chile of the same channel, consolidating herself in the comedy scene. Subsequently, she was part of the theater team at Canal 13.
In 2004 she arrived at Mega and joined the last season of the program Jappening con ja. In 2005 she was hired in Morandé con Compañía (MCC), to play different characters such as "La Polillita", "Malena", "María Pinto" and her most outstanding character, "Paola 'Paolita' Rojas", the mother of "Miguelito", played by Hans "Miguelito" Malpartida; remaining until the last broadcast of the program.
In 2014 she was crowned as "Reina Guachaca", by popular vote.
With the end of MCC in April 2021, she joined the cast of the program Mi barrio, tu mejor compañía, where she played several characters, besides reprising her role as "Miguelito's" mother.
In November 2021 she appeared in the third season of The Chef's Disciple as a participant and member of the red team, being eliminated in the 11th Gala.
Since January 2022, along with Hans "Miguelito" Malpartida, they star in the comedy series Paola y Miguelito, a comedy that portrays the experiences of the emblematic characters of MCC and Mi barrio.

## Filmography
### Television programs

| Year | Program | Role | Channel |
| 1995 | Acompáñeme | Actress/Comedian | Mega |
| 1997 | Venga conmigo | Actress/Comedian | Canal 13 |
| 1997 | Na' que ver con Chile | Actress/Comedian | Canal 13 |
| 1998 | Teatro en Canal 13 | Actress/Comedian | Mega |
| 2004 | Jappening con ja | Actress/Comedian | Mega |
| 2005-2021 | Morandé con compañia | Actress/Comedian | Mega |
| 2007 | Rojo | Actress/Comedian | TVN |
| 2021 | Mi barrio, tu mejor compañia | Actress/Comedian | Mega |
| 2021 | El discípulo del chef | Participant | Chilevisión |
| 2022-present | Paola & Miguelito | Paola Rojas | Mega |

### Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| 2018 | Caleuche Awards | Best Comedian | Nominated |
| 2019 | Caleuche Awards | Best Comedian | Nominated |
| 2023 | Caleuche Awards | Best Comedian | Nominated |
# Homdrom

Homdrom is a village in Åmli municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located in the Gjøvdal valley about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest of the village of Åmli and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of the village of Askland.
# Panegyra micans

Panegyra micans is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Kenya.
The wingspan is about 9 mm.
# 2012 in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The following lists events that happened during the year 2012 in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Incumbents

* Presidency:
** Bakir Izetbegović
** Željko Komšić
** Nebojša Radmanović
* Prime Minister: Nikola Špirić (until January 12), Vjekoslav Bevanda (starting January 12)

## Events
### January

* January 22 - Police in Bosnia and Herzegovina recapture Bosnian Serb fugitive Radovan Stanković after he escaped from prison five years ago.

### February

* February 5 - Bosnia and Herzegovina declares a state of emergency as a result of the cold snap.

### July

* July 11 - 520 men and boys killed in the Srebrenica massacre in 1995 are buried in Potočari.

### September

* September 12 - Police in Bosnia and Herzegovina arrest 25 people on suspicion of multiple murders, drug-trafficking and robbery in the biggest crackdown on organised crime since the Bosnian War.

### December

* December 13 - Former Bosnian intelligence chief Zdravko Tolimir, believed to be a top aide to Ratko Mladić, is sentenced to life imprisonment by ICTY for his role in the Srebrenica massacre.
# Jonathan Powell (cricketer)

Jonathan Christopher Powell (born 13 June 1979) is a former English cricketer. Powell was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break. He was born at Harold Wood, Greater London.
Powell made his debut for Essex in a List A match against Sussex in the 1996 Axa Equity & Law League. Following the 1996 season, he made Youth Test match debut England Under-19s against Pakistan Under-19s. He would go on to make five Youth Test appearances and nine Youth One Day International appearances between 1996 and 1998. His first-class debut for Essex came in the 1997 County Championship against Leicestershire, in what would be his only County Championship appearance. A further first-class appearances followed in February 1998 when he was called into the England A teams tour of Kenya and Sri Lanka, despite having played just the one first-class match. He appeared once on the tour against Sri Lanka A. No first-class appearances came in the 1998 English cricket season, it was in 1999 what he played his second and final first-class match for Essex against Cambridge University.
His three first-class matches bought him little success with the ball, with Powell taking just a single first-class wicket (that of Leicestershire's David Millns). Having made his debut for Essex in the List A format of the game, he went on to make five further appearances in that format, all of which came in the 1997 AXA Life League. He had a little more success with the ball in this format, claiming 4 wickets in his 6 matches at an average of 31.25, with best figures of 2/10.
Eventually leaving Essex at the end of the 2000 season, Powell played a single match for the Surrey Cricket Board in the 2001 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Oxfordshire. His brother, Mark, played List A cricket for Norfolk and the Minor Counties.