OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata, commonly known as the southern blue gum, eurabbie, blue gum or Victorian blue gum, is a subspecies of tree that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark with some persistent slabs of old bark at the base, juvenile leaves with one glaucous side, glossy, lance-shaped adult leaves, warty flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to conical fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata is a tree that typically grows to a height of 45 m (148 ft) and forms a lignotuber. The bark is mostly smooth, shedding in long strips to leave a white or greyish surface. There is sometimes rough, partially shed bark at the base of the trunk and ribbons of shedding bark in the upper branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are more or less square in cross-section, with a prominent wing on each corner. The juvenile leaves are sessile, arranged in opposite pairs, elliptic to egg-shaped, the lower surface covered by a white, waxy bloom, 40–115 mm (1.6–4.5 in) long and 22–60 mm (0.87–2.36 in) wide. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, glossy green, lance-shaped to curved, 140–400 mm (5.5–15.7 in) long and 20–60 mm (0.79–2.36 in) wide on a petiole 30–60 mm (1.2–2.4 in) long.
The flower buds are arranged in groups of three in leaf axils on a thick peduncle 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) long, the individual buds more or less sessile. Mature buds are glaucous, conical and warty,10–18 mm (0.39–0.71 in) long and 10–14 mm (0.39–0.55 in) wide with two ribs along the sides and a flattened operculum that has a central knob. Flowering mainly occurs between January and March and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, sessile, hemispherical to conical capsule 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long and 13–22 mm (0.51–0.87 in) wide with two longitudinal ridges and the valves at about rim level.

## Taxonomy and naming

Southern blue gum was first formally described by Joseph Henry Simmonds in the book Trees from other lands for shelter and timber in New Zealand: Eucalypts and given the name Eucalyptus bicostata. In 1974, James Barrie Kirkpatrick reduced E. bicostata to the subspecies, E. globulus subsp. bicostata. The change has been accepted by the Australian Plant Census. The epithet bicostata is derived from the Latin bicostatus, "two-ribbed", referring to the buds and fruit.

## Distribution and habitat

Southern blue gum grows in open forest in mountainous, largely inland country in New South Wales and Victoria. It is found between the Carrai National Park on the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales and the ranges of eastern Victoria.

## Gallery

* Adult leaves
* Buds
* Inflorescence
* Fruit
* Trunk bark
* Upper branch bark
# Unstable (Adema album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Blender | |
| Melodic | |
| Metal Hammer | 8/10 |
| Rock Hard | 8/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
Unstable is the second studio album by the American rock band Adema, and is the final album to feature its full original lineup with lead vocalist Mark Chavez and guitarist Mike Ransom departing from the band after its release and then again after their reunion, although they returned to the band in March 2017 (only for Mark to leave once again in 2019). The album was released on August 19, 2003 by Arista Records. It features the self-titled single "Unstable" and has sold about 400,000 copies worldwide. Many songs relied more on instrumentation and harmony instead of distortion in comparison to their previous album. It debuted at number 43 on the Billboard 200 before quickly falling off the chart.

## Track listing
### CD

All lyrics are written by Mark Chavez; all music is composed by Kris Kohls, Mike Ransom, Dave DeRoo & Tim Fluckey

### Limited Edition DVD

* "Unstable" (Video)
* "Giving In" (Video)
* "The Way You Like It" (Video)
* "Immortal" (Video)
* Behind-The-Scenes Footage
* Photo Gallery
* Weblinks
* & More!

## Credits
### Adema

* Mark Chavez – vocals
* Tim Fluckey – lead guitar, backing vocals, keyboards, programming
* Mike Ransom – rhythm guitar
* Dave DeRoo – bass, backing vocals
* Kris Kohls – drums

### Additional Musicians

* Synth Strings on "So Fortunate" by Deborah Lurie

### Production

* Produced by Howard Benson
* Executive Producer: Antonio "LA" Reid
* Recorded by Mike Plotnikoff at Bay 7 Studios, Valley Village, CA
* Mixed by Alan Moulder at The Townhouse, London, England
* "Unstable" Mix Engineer: Andy Saunders
* "Needles" & "Stressin' Out" Mixed by Mike Plotnikoff at Skip Saylor Recording, Los Angeles, CA
* Instrument Rentals Provided by Megawatt Rentals
* Pro Tools Operator: Eric Miller
* Pre-Production Pro Tools Operator: Patrick Shevelin
* Pro Tools Editing: Vince Jones
* Studio Drum Technician: Gersh for Drum Fetish
* Mastered by Tom Baker at Precision Mastering, LA
* A&R: Joshua Sarubin
* A&R Administrator: Barbara Wesotski
* Producer Coordinator: Dana Childs at Nettwek Producer Management
* Career Direction: Scott Welch & Mark Botting for Mosaic Music Group
* Legal Affairs: Terri DiPaolo
* Business Management: Wayne Kamemoto for Gudvi, Sussman & Oppenheim
* Booking Agent: Ethan Rose for William Morris Agency
* Creative Designer: Joe Mana-Nitzberg
* Art Direction & Design: Jeff Schulz
* Photography: Joseph Cultice
* Styling: Mandy Line

## Charts

| Chart (2003) | Peak position |
| UK Rock & Metal Albums (OCC) | 15 |
| US Billboard 200 | 43 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart | Position |
| 2003 | "Unstable" | US Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks | 25 |
| 2003 | "Unstable" | US Hot Modern Rock Tracks | 38 |
# Euchromia dubia

Euchromia dubia is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Röber in 1887. It is found on Seram.
# Euchromia hampsoni

Euchromia hampsoni is a species of moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It is found in Ghana and Sierra Leone.
# Euchromia isis

Euchromia isis is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1832. It is found on the Duke of York Islands in Papua New Guinea.
# Urchinwood Manor

Urchinwood Manor is a Grade II* listed building at Congresbury within the English county of Somerset.
Part of the house was built around 1620 with additions being made in the 17th century. The house and surrounding estate has been bought and sold many times over the centuries with the estate now being used as an equestrian centre.

## History

The manor of Congresbury, including Urchinwood, was endowed to Queen Elizabeth's Hospital by John Carr in 1586. The two-storey stone house was built by the family of John Young who were the tenants. The exact date is unknown but likely to be before 1620 as the date is recorded on the porch. In 1643 the manor was sold to the local businessman and mayor of Bristol, John Taylor, who gained possession of the house shortly afterwards. In 1693 it passed to Richard Morgan. By the second half of the 18th century the house was owned by George Webb and passed to his descendants and by marriage to William Codrington, who sold it in 1814 to John Philip Miles of the Miles baronets from Leigh Court for £18,826.
In 1834 the estate including the house was sold for £6,650 to the Smyth Pigott family of Brockley Hall. In the middle of the 20th century it was sold to Lt. Colonel John Kenrie La Touche Mardon who sold it to D. Brodie Macdonald.
The 150-acre (61 ha) estate is now used as an equestrian centre.

## Architecture

It was renovated and extended in the 17th and 20th centuries, converting the original L-shaped house into a "U". The porch at the front is part of the original building from 1620. It opens into a small hall which would have been the original screens passage. Leading from the hall is an oak panelled dining room and then the Kings room with a massive open fireplace made of moulded stone, which may have been moved to Urchinwood from another house. Some of the wood panelling in the living room had also been brought in from other houses. Several rooms have Jacobean plasterwork ceilings. The earliest part of the house is linked to the 17th century additions by a stone archway.
There is a 17th-century barn to the northwest of the house.
# Upper Mifflin Township, Pennsylvania

Upper Mifflin Township is a township in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,304 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

The township is in northwestern Cumberland County, bordered to the northwest by Perry County, with the county line following the ridgecrest of Blue Mountain, the northern edge of the Cumberland Valley. The southern boundary of the township follows Conodoguinet Creek, a tributary of the Susquehanna River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 22.1 square miles (57.3 km$^2$), of which 21.7 square miles (56.2 km$^2$) is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km$^2$), or 1.76%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,347 people, 452 households, and 380 families residing in the township. The population density was 61.6 inhabitants per square mile (23.8/km$^2$). There were 469 housing units at an average density of 21.5/sq mi (8.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.59% White, 0.37% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.07% Asian, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.45% of the population.
There were 452 households, out of which 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.9% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.9% were non-families. 11.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.25.
In the township the population was spread out, with 28.4 percent under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 7.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.1 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $45,114, and the median income for a family was $46,176. Males had a median income of $31,581 versus $21,734 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,660. About 5.8% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Filatima natalis

Filatima natalis is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, Colorado and Oregon.
The wingspan is 17–20 mm. The forewings are white scaled, with the tips of the scales bluish. The costa is lighter than the rest of the wing near the base and there is a faint streak of dark scaling on the basal fourth of the costa, as well as a similar spot on the outer third of the costa. Near the base of the cell, before the middle a faint dark streak, and two dark spots in the cell on its outer costal margin, there often fusing and forming a single short, indistinct, longitudinal streak. The hindwings are pale, somewhat smoky towards the apex and along the veins.
The larvae feed on Razoumofskya cryptopoda.
# Eugene Daniel

Eugene Daniel Jr. (born May 4, 1961) is a former professional American football cornerback who played 14 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Indianapolis Colts and Baltimore Ravens from 1984 to 1997. Daniel attended Louisiana State University. He was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the 8th round of the 1984 NFL draft. In 1985 Daniel tied Albert Lewis of the Kansas City Chiefs for the AFC lead in interceptions, with 8. In 1995, Daniel recorded the longest interception return in Colts history, scoring on a 97-yard interception against the New York Jets. During his 12 years with the Indianapolis Colts, Daniel was a fan favorite and held many franchise longevity records since surpassed by quarterback Peyton Manning.
# Eugene Daniel (disambiguation)

Eugene Daniel (born 1961) is an American football player.
Eugene Daniel(s) may also refer to:
* Eugene Daniels (born 1989), American journalist
* A 1921 lynching of Eugene Daniel
# Ryūsei Rocket

"Ryūsei Rocket" (流星ロケット, Ryūsei Roketto) is a single by the Japanese band An Cafe. The title track is the opening theme in the drama Fuma no Kojirou. The song peaked at No. 19 on the Japanese singles chart.

## Track listing
### Disc one (CD)

* "Ryūsei Rocket" (流星ロケット) – 4:35
* "Koi no Dependence" (恋のディペンデンス) – 4:05
* "Ryūsei Rocket (Instrumental)" (流星ロケット (Instrumental)) – 4:35
* "Koi no Dependence (Instrumental)" (恋のディペンデンス (Instrumental)) – 4:05

### Disc two (DVD, limited edition only)

* "Ryūsei Rocket Clip" (流星ロケット)

## Personnel

* Miku – vocals
* Takuya – guitar
* Kanon – bass guitar
* Yuuki – electronic keyboard
* Teruki – drums
# Newbrook Observatory

The Newbrook Observatory (a designated historic building) was built in Newbrook, Alberta, Canada, by the Stellar Physics Division of the Dominion Observatory and operated as a space observatory from 1952 until 1957. The observatory was equipped with a Super-Schmidt Meteor Camera, one of only six built by the Perkin-Elmer Company used to observe meteors. One of the observatory resident scientists, Art Griffin, was the first in North America to photograph the Sputnik 1 satellite (less than a week after its launch).
In 1970, the government consolidated astronomical research and the observatories at Meanook (similar nearby facility, c.23 miles NW) and Newbrook was closed.
# Eugnosta parmisella

Eugnosta parmisella is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in South Africa.
# SAIL Outdoors

SAIL Outdoors Inc. is a Canadian outdoor equipment retailer with stores in Quebec and Ontario.

## Summary

SAIL Outdoors Inc. is a Canadian retailing company specializing in outdoor equipment and sport equipment. The company is more than 40 years old and had about 1,100 employees as of June 2021. With head office in Quebec. The Quebec-based retailer operates two chains:
* SAIL with 12 standalone stores focused more on outdoor equipment including outdoor camping, fishing and hunting. Eight locations in Quebec and four in Ontario.
# Eugene Casey

Eugene Casey CBE (30 November 1885 - 6 October 1960) was the General Manager of New Zealand Railways Department from 1940 to 1944.

## Biography

Casey was born in London on 30 November 1885, moving to New Zealand as a child. He was educated at a Marist Brothers College and then Auckland University College. He was also an associate member of the Institution of Civil Engineers (AMICE).
In 1902 he joined the New Zealand Railways Department as an engineering cadet and was stationed in multiple locations including Greymouth, Wanganui, Auckland and Ohakune. In 1912 he became the assistant engineer for Auckland District. He was then posted to Canterbury in 1921 where he remodeled the station yards on the Midland Line. In 1925 he became and inspecting engineer for new station yards. In 1928 he was appointed divisional superintendent for the North Island. He then became general manager of the department in 1940. Casey retired as general manager in 1944 and was appointed by the government to the Railways Industrial Tribunal, remaining a tribunal member for 15 years.
In the 1946 New Year Honours, Casey was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for his services as general manager of the Railways Department.
At the 1946 election he stood as a candidate in the Mount Victoria electorate for the Labour Party. He was defeated by the National Party candidate Jack Marshall. Marshall thought Casey was an able and experienced man, but his professional background was atypical of most Labour candidates of the time. There was an infamous story which circulated in the media prior to the election where Casey met a business friend in the street who commented that he would win the seat as it looked safe for National (thinking erroneously that Casey was the National candidate). At the 1947 local-body elections he stood for the Wellington City Council on the Labour ticket. He was unsuccessful (along with all other Labour candidates) but had the distinction of being the highest polling unsuccessful candidate. At the 1947 and 1948 Labour Party conferences he Casey was a candidate for the party central executive.
Casey died on 6 October 1960 at his home in the Auckland suburb of Milford. He was survived by his wife, four children and 15 grandchildren.

## Personal life and family

He married Beatrice Nolan in 1920 at Christchurch, with whom he had two sons and two daughters. One of his sons was Court of Appeal judge Maurice Casey.
# 1795 in architecture

The year 1795 in architecture involved some significant events.

## Buildings and structures
### Buildings

* Franklin Place in Boston, Massachusetts, designed by Charles Bulfinch, is completed.
* Old North Building at Georgetown College in Washington, D.C., probably designed by Leonard Harbaugh, is completed.
* Remodelling of Łazienki Palace in Warsaw by Domenico Merlini, begun in 1764, is completed.
* Church of St. Mary Magdalene, Bridgnorth, Shropshire, England, designed by Thomas Telford, is completed.
* The Welsh Bridge in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England, designed and built by John Tilley and John Carline, is completed.
* Gallowgate Barracks in Glasgow, Scotland, are built.
* The Cabildo in New Orleans (first phase) is started (completed in 1799).

## Births

* April 3 – Richard Lane, English architect (died 1880)
* May 23 – Charles Barry, English architect (died 1860)
* October 19 – Thomas Leverton Donaldson, English architect (died 1885)
* Approximate date – John Forbes, English architect working in Cheltenham

## Deaths

* June 23 – James Craig, Scottish architect (born 1744)
# Decomposition matrix

In mathematics, and in particular modular representation theory, a decomposition matrix is a matrix that results from writing the irreducible ordinary characters in terms of the irreducible modular characters, where the entries of the two sets of characters are taken to be over all conjugacy classes of elements of order coprime to the characteristic of the field. All such entries in the matrix are non-negative integers. The decomposition matrix, multiplied by its transpose, forms the Cartan matrix, listing the composition factors of the projective modules.
# Operation Instant Thunder

Operation Instant Thunder was the preliminary name given to a planned air strike by the United States during the Gulf War. it was planned to be an overwhelming Aerial Strike which would devastate the Iraqi military with a minimum loss of civilian as well as American life.
The planning of the operation made use of Warden's Five Rings intellectual model, which prioritized different aspects of a nation's war machine into a hierarchy of concentric circles. The leadership was placed as a top priority, saying that this would "decapitate" the enemy. The name is a nod to Operation Rolling Thunder, a joint American-South Vietnamese bombing campaign in the Vietnam War.

## Phase one

The plan called for three separate phases. The shortest of these was the first phase, which would use "defense suppression" to establish control of the air space above Iraq and Kuwait. This was to be accomplished by eliminating enemy radar, cutting off runways used by the Iraqi military and neutralizing any surface-to-air missile batteries.
This first phase of the operation would also include the bombing of selected military command posts as well as suspected locations of chemical weapons. A total of 84 targets were initially identified but this number was later increased.

## Phase two

The second phase would attempt to incapacitate the Iraqi military, as well as the country's infrastructure. This would include the bombing of weapon depots, refineries and other locations critical to the success of the military. These strikes would cripple the Iraqi military by rendering Iraq unable to manufacture or repair weaponry.
Attention would then turn to disabling the civil infrastructure of Iraq, by destroying power plants, telephone lines and water treatment plants.

## Phase three

Finally, the third phase would have seen the Americans engage the Iraqis in direct combat. Weakened by the initial stages, it was predicted that the Iraqi military would not be able to muster much resistance.

## Implementation

Operation Instant Thunder planning started August 5, 1990. By the time fighting began on January 17, 1991, the three phases were consolidated into Operation Desert Storm, as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Colin Powell was reluctant to support any action which did not include a ground offensive.
The tactics used by the American military during the operation would serve as a model for future conflicts in which the United States was involved.
# List of elections in 1941

The following elections occurred in the year 1941.

## Africa

* 1941 Lagos by-election
* 1941 Northern Rhodesian general election

## Asia

* 1941 Iranian legislative election

### Philippines

* 1941 Philippine House of Representatives elections
* 1941 Philippine Senate election
* 1941 Philippine general election
* 1941 Philippine presidential election

## Europe
### United Kingdom

* 1941 Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election
* 1941 Carmarthen by-election
* 1941 Edinburgh Central by-election
* 1941 Edinburgh West by-election
* 1941 Greenock by-election
* 1941 Hampstead by-election
* 1941 Mansfield by-election
* 1941 Pontefract by-election
* 1941 West Bromwich by-election

## North America

* 1941 Curaçao general election
* 1941 Dominican Republic Constitutional Assembly election
* 1941 Guatemalan presidential election

### Canada

* 1941 British Columbia general election
* 1941 Edmonton municipal election
* 1941 Manitoba general election
* 1941 Nova Scotia general election
* 1941 Toronto municipal election

### United States

* 1941 United States gubernatorial elections
* 1941 New York state election

#### United States mayoral elections

* 1941 Boston mayoral election
* 1941 Cleveland mayoral election
* 1941 Evansville mayoral election
* 1941 Los Angeles mayoral election
* 1941 New York City mayoral election
* 1941 Pittsburgh mayoral election

## South America

* 1941 Chilean parliamentary election
* 1941 Colombian parliamentary election
* 1941 Venezuelan presidential election

## Oceania
### Australia

* 1941 New South Wales state election
* 1941 Queensland state election
* 1941 South Australian state election
* 1941 Tasmanian state election
# F-Series 3-wheeler

The Morgan F-Series 3-Wheeler is a model of 3-wheeled car. It was produced between the mid- 1930s and 1952. The car was powered by Ford 8hp and 10hp sidevalve engines (as used in the Ford Model Y), instead of the V-twin motorcycle engines that had been used in previous Morgans (typically from JAP, Anzani, or Blackburne), and the F-Series had a new pressed-steel chassis.

## Models

The four-seater Morgan F-4 was introduced in 1933 at the Olympia Motor Cycle Show. The two-seat F-2 was introduced in 1935, and the F Super, which had a more sporting performance and image with its cycle-type wings and louvred bonnet tops, in 1937. During the models' lifetime, Morgan's production of 4-wheeled cars was ramping up and 3-wheeler production reducing until 1952 when the last 3-wheeler, a Ford-engined "F"-Super, was built. The company then focused exclusively on 4-wheeled designs until 2012, when the Morgan 3 Wheeler was introduced.

## Copies

The 3-wheeler Morgan has been widely emulated; many 3-wheeler kit car models are based on the Morgan design.
# Large-eared slit-faced bat

The large-eared slit-faced bat (Nycteris macrotis), is a species of slit-faced bat which lives in forests and savannas throughout Africa. Nycteris vinsoni was once considered a synonym of N. macrotis, but it became recognized as a separate species in 2004. Some, however, still consider N. vinsoni to be a subspecies of N. macrotis, and consider N. macrotis a species complex.
Three subspecies have been identified: N. m. aethiopica, N. m. luteola, and N. m. macrotis.