OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Groß Pampau

Groß Pampau is a municipality in the district of Lauenburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

## History

The village was first mentioned in a document in 1230 in the Ratzeburg tithe register. In the Lauenburg legend, Pampau is considered the birthplace of Till Eulenspiegel. On 1 April 1939 Groß Pampau was incorporated into Sahms, but regained independence after the Second World War and since then has been part of the Schwarzenbek-Land office.

## Landmarks

The gravel pit of the Kieswerke Ohle & Lau GmbH is known as the place where fossils and bed load were found. Just a few years after it was put into operation, it was a popular find spot for bed load collectors and also has a significant variety of residues from marine animals from the Miocene. Between 1984 and 1993 three skeletons of ten million year old whales from the Upper Middle Miocene were found and excavated here. These are now in the Museum for Nature and Environment in Lübeck and are open to the public. The baleen whale, discovered in 1989, was named Praemegaptera pampauensis (pampau whale) according to its location. In 2016, amateur paleontologists found an eleven million year old seal skeleton. According to their findings, the animals lived in the original North Sea.
# Sixth Sense (Brown Eyed Girls song)

"Sixth Sense" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Brown Eyed Girls, released as the second single from the group's fourth studio album Sixth Sense in 2011. The song was covered by Lovelyz during Mnet's television program Queendom, and by Kiss of Life on MBC's television program Song Stealer.

## Composition

The song is composed in the key of F minor and spans for 3 minutes and 48 seconds. It spans from the low note of background vocal F3, to the high mixed of F5, with the highest note being the head voice note of F6.

## Background and promotion

The song is written by Kim Eana (김이나). The lyrics concern "[r]esistance for freedom of expression through music via sixth sense." The promotions of the album and song "Sixth Sense" started in September 24, on MBC's Show! Music Core and was also promoted on the shows M! Countdown, Inkigayo and Music Bank.

## Accolades
### Music program awards

| Program | Date |
| M! Countdown (Mnet) | October 6, 2011 |
| M! Countdown (Mnet) | October 20, 2011 |
| Inkigayo (SBS) | October 16, 2011 |
| Inkigayo (SBS) | October 23, 2011 |

## Charts and performance

The song was released to various digital outlets in September 2011, after which it quickly topped various online charts. It topped the Gaon Digital Chart during the week ending October 1, 2011 and has sold 2,585,879+ downloads.

### Weekly chart

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| South Korea (Gaon Digital Chart) | 1 |

### Year-end chart

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| South Korea (Gaon Digital Chart) | 59 |
# Pebble Beach Equestrian Center

The Pebble Beach Equestrian Center was a historic equestrian center in Pebble Beach, California. Founded in 1924 by developer Samuel F.B. Morse, it is a boarding stable that sponsors riding lessons, horse shows, and had team trials for the 1960 Summer Olympics. The Equestrian Center has a 100-year history. People from all around the world have come to the Equestrian Center, including Jackie Kennedy and the Beatles. Alois Podhajsky of the Spanish Riding School came to judge and instruct at the Equestrian Center. The center permanently closed in June 2024.

## History

In 1920, Samuel F.B. Morse, the developer of Pebble Beach, California, cleared a field near the present-day Equestrian Center to develop a boarding stables to accommodate residents' horses called the Pebble Beach Stables. In 1924, Morse hired Fred Ruhl to build a quadrangle-style board and batten structure. In 1928, Grace Douglas (1880-1968) opened the Douglas School for girls. In 1941, the Pebble Beach stables was renamed the Pebble Beach Equestrian Center.
On August 4, 1946, the first Pebble Beach Summer Horse Show was held; it eventually became an annual event. In 1954, the U.S. Equestrian Team held a three-day training event for the 1955 Pan American Games in Chicago, and the team trails for the 1960 Rome Olympics were held at the center. On September 14 and 15, 1960, the U.S. 1960 Summer Olympics dressage trials were conducted at the Pebble Beach Equestrian Center. In 1966, Col. Alois Podhajsky, of the Spanish Riding School, came to judge and instruct the national dressage championships at the Pebble Beach Equestrian Trials.
Movies have been made at the Equestrian Center, including Susan Slade starring Connie Stevens in 1961. In 1970, a hay barn was built into the facility and later a Polo Barn was created. Throughout the years, numerous event riders were trained at the center. The Pebble Beach Company assumed management of the Pebble Beach Equestrian Center on July 1, 2013,
On March 4, 2023, Pebble Beach Company, announced the closure of the Pebble Beach Equestrian Center as "no longer economically viable," after operating as a loss for many years and the need for $15 million of renovations. There are currently no plans for the property after its closure in June.
The center permanently closed in June 2024 and demolished in September.
# Vanessa de Lisle

Vanessa de Lisle is a British fashion journalist. She was fashion editor for Harpers & Queen for 12 years, and then worked for British Vogue.
As a representative of Harpers & Queen, she was the fashion journalist asked to choose the Dress of the Year for 1981, for which she picked a printed silk dress by Karl Lagerfeld at Chloé, with shoes by Walter Steiger and a chunky necklace by Ugo Correani.
In 1996, de Lisle was a consultant on fashion for the House of Fraser chain. As of the 2010s she is working as a stylist and fashion consultant.
# Groupement tactique interarmes de Surobi

The Groupement tactique interarmes de Surobi (GTIA Surobi, "joint tactical group of Surobi"), also called Task Force Dragon, is a battalion-sized unit of the French Army, based in Surobi District, in Afghanistan. It operates in the framework of the French forces in Afghanistan.

## Organisation

GTIA Surobi comprises
* a command component
* a support component (engineers, artillery, cavalry)
* 3 armoured infantry sub-groups
From September 2010, the name "task force" is given up, and replaced by the name "battle-group".
The support unit provides fire support, engineering, communications, maintenance and medical support.
On 1 November 2009, command of the GTIA was transferred to the Brigade La Fayette.
# Siân James (politician)

Siân Catherine James (born 24 June 1959) is a Welsh Labour Party politician, who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Swansea East from 2005 to 2015.

## Early life

She spent most of her childhood in the Swansea Valley, where her parents ran a public house. She attended Cefn Saeson Comprehensive School on Afan Valley Road in Cimla, Neath. James married at age 16 and had two children by age 20. Living as a young housewife, James said: "As long as my lace curtains were the cleanest, my children immaculately dressed, their hand-knitted clothes made with love, I was happy."
During the 1984 miners' strike, James helped feed over 1,000 families a week from nine different centres. After the strike, James decided to take her A-Levels, before attending Swansea University. In the 2014 film Pride, Jessica Gunning portrays a young Siân James during the time of the miners' strike.

## Career

After raising her children, she attended Swansea University as a mature student, studying for a degree in the Welsh Language. She was heavily involved with the students' union and an enthusiastic member of the women's group.
After graduation, she worked for a series of organisations, with her final role before entering Parliament as Director of Welsh Women's Aid.

## Political career

As a young mother, James became involved in the family support networks surrounding the 1984 miners' strike, that were working to safeguard South Wales communities and the way of life. After the end of the strike, she became involved in women's rights campaigns.
In 2004 she resigned from the role in Welsh Women's Aid to stand as the Labour Party candidate in Swansea East. She was elected in May 2005 with a majority of 11,249 votes, the first woman to represent Swansea East and one of only eight women MPs from Wales.
After being elected to Parliament, James was Parliamentary Private Secretary to both Gareth Thomas, the Minister of State for Trade, and to Paul Murphy, the Welsh secretary, until resigning in March 2009. She cited overwork as the cause of her resignation but it also allowed her to sign the early day motion opposing the part privatisation of the Royal Mail.
On 25 February 2014, James announced her intention to stand down at the 2015 general election, saying that she wanted to spend more time campaigning out of Parliament. On 26 September 2014, James was one of 25 Labour MPs who broke party discipline to vote against renewed air strikes in Iraq.
She was placed number 1 on the South Wales West Labour list for the 2021 Senedd election. As Labour had taken all the constituency seats in the region, she was not elected.
# Growth Commission

The Commission on Growth and Development (informally known as the Growth Commission) was an independent body set up by the World Bank chaired by American economist Michael Spence that brought together 22 policy-makers, academics, and business leaders to examine various aspects of economic growth and development.
Launched in 2006, the Commission set out to take stock of the state of theoretical and empirical knowledge on economic growth with a view to drawing implications for policy for the current and future policymakers. Its work culminated in two publications – The Growth Report: Strategies for Sustained growth and Inclusive Development in May 2008 – and Post-Crisis Growth in Developing Countries : A Special Report of the Commission on Growth and Development on the Implications of the 2008 Financial Crisis in October 2009. Five thematic volumes and nearly 70 working papers were also published by the Commission. The Growth Commission’s work was sponsored by the governments of Australia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Sweden, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and the World Bank Group. The group's activities formally ended in June 2010.

## Commissioners

* Montek Ahluwalia (India), Minister of Planning
* Edmar Bacha (Brazil), Board member of Banco Itau, former President of the National Bank for Economic and Social Development
* Dr. Boediono (Indonesia), Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs
* Lord John Browne (Great Britain), Former CEO, British Petroleum
* Kemal Dervis (Turkey), Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme, former Minister of Finance of Turkey
* Alejandro Foxley, (Chile), Minister of Foreign Affairs
* Han Duck-Soo (Korea), Chairman of the Presidential Committee on Facilitating KORUS FTA Finalization
* Goh Chok Tong (Singapore), Senior Minister and Chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore
* Danuta Huebner (Poland), Member of the European Commission
* Carin Jaemtin (Sweden), Former Minister for International Development Cooperation
* Pablo Kuczynski (Peru), Former Prime Minister
* Danny Leipziger (USA), World Bank, Vice President, PREM
* Trevor Manuel (South Africa), Minister of Finance
* Mahmoud Mohieldin (Egypt), Minister of Investment
* Ngozi N. Okonjo-Iweala (Nigeria), Managing Director, World Bank
* Robert Rubin (USA), Director, Chairman of the Executive Committee and Member of the Office of the Chairman of Citigroup, is the former Secretary of the US Treasury
* Robert Solow (USA), Professor Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
* Michael Spence (USA), Nobel Laureate, Chair of the Growth Commission, former Dean of Stanford Graduate Business School
* Sir K. Dwight Venner (Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies) Governor of the Eastern Caribbean Bank
* Hiroshi Watanabe (Japan), President and CEO of the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)
* Ernesto Zedillo (Mexico), Director of the Yale Center Study of Globalization, former President of Mexico
* Zhou Xiaochuan (China), Governor of the People’s Bank of China
# Vanov

Vanov (Czech pronunciation:) is a municipality and village in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 80 inhabitants.
Vanov lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south-west of Jihlava and 122 km (76 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Pavillon Vendôme

The Pavillon Vendôme is a historic pavilion surrounded by a French formal garden located 32 rue Celony in Aix-en-Provence, France.

## History

It was built by architect Pierre Pavillon (1612-1670) between 1665 and 1667.
It was commissioned by for Louis, Duke of Vendôme (1612-1669) as a place where he could take his lover, Lucrèce de Forbin Solliès, also known as "la Belle du Canet". He died in the house on 6 August 1669.
Later, it was owned by the painter Jean-Baptiste van Loo (1684-1745), who had a studio there. It was subsequently purchased by Barthélemy-Louis Reboul, Secretary of the Académie des Sciences, Agriculture, Arts et Belles Lettres d'Aix.
After the French Revolution of 1789, it was purchased by Jean-Joseph-Pierre Guigou, who was Bishop of Angoulême, who turned it into a Catholic boarding school for girls.
In 1906, it was purchased by Henri Dobler (1863-1941), a Swiss art collector, painter and poet. He donated it to the city of Aix-en-Provence after his death. It has served as a museum since then. It is home to temporary art exhibitions.

## Heritage significance

The house has been listed as a Monument historique since 27 March 1914; the garden since 15 October 1953.
# Pelagic red clay

Pelagic red clay, also known as simply red clay, brown clay or pelagic clay, is a type of pelagic sediment.
Pelagic clay accumulates in the deepest and most remote areas of the ocean. It covers 38% of the ocean floor and accumulates more slowly than any other sediment type, at only 0.1–0.5 cm/1000 yr. Containing less than 30% biogenic material, it consists of sediment that remains after the dissolution of both calcareous and siliceous biogenic particles while they settled through the water column. These sediments consist of eolian quartz, clay minerals, volcanic ash, subordinate residue of siliceous microfossils, and authigenic minerals such as zeolites, limonite and manganese oxides. The bulk of red clay consists of eolian dust. Accessory constituents found in red clay include meteorite dust, fish bones and teeth, whale ear bones, and manganese micro-nodules.
These pelagic sediments are typically bright red to chocolate brown in color. The color results from coatings of iron oxide and manganese oxide on the sediment particles. In the absence of organic carbon, iron and manganese remain in their oxidized states and these clays remain brown after burial. When more deeply buried, brown clay may change into red clay due to the conversion of iron hydroxides to hematite.
These sediments accumulate on the ocean floor within areas characterized by little planktonic production. The clays which comprise them are transported into the deep ocean in suspension, either in the air over the oceans or in surface waters. Both wind and ocean currents transport these sediments in suspension thousands of kilometers from their terrestrial source. As they are transported, the finer clays may stay in suspension for a hundred years or more within the water column before they settle to the ocean bottom. The settling of this clay-size sediment occurs primarily by the formation of clay aggregates by flocculation and by their incorporation into fecal pellets by pelagic organisms.
# Guangzhou–Hankou railway

The Guangzhou–Hankou or Yuehan railway is a former railroad in China which once connected Guangzhou on the Pearl River in the south with Wuchang on the Yangtze River in the north. At the Yangtze, the railway carriages were ferried to Hankou, which then connected to the Beijing–Hankou railway. It was constructed from 1900 to 1936 and, from their former romanizations, was known at the time as the Canton–Hankow railway.
The completion of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge in 1957 finally linked the two lines into a single contiguous railway and its former track now forms the southern leg of the Beijing–Guangzhou railway.

## History

In 1897, a concession for the Beijing–Hankou railway was awarded to a Belgian consortium backed by French financing. The British were then the dominant foreign power in China, and the Belgian concession would keep the important route out of British hands. To prevent the French from controlling the entire route between Beijing and Guangzhou, the Chinese government actively sought American involvement in the Guangzhou–Hankou railway. A concession for the southern railway was awarded to the American China Development Company in 1898.
Construction on the project began in 1900, with the southern terminus on the east bank of the Pearl River. The 49-kilometer (30 mi) branch line to Sanshui ("Samshui") via Foshan ("Fatshan") was constructed westward from the west bank of the Pearl from 1902 to 1904.
A diplomatic crisis erupted when it was discovered that a Belgian consortium had purchased a controlling interest in the American China Development Company. This subverted the original intention of awarding different railway lines to different foreign powers. The American financier J. P. Morgan bought a large stake in the company in November 1904, but the concession was cancelled on November 19, 1904. Morgan demanded US$18 million in compensation but settled for US$6.75 million, representing treble damages for the US$1 million already spent on the construction of the railway, plus US$3.75 million to redeem the concession.
The railway was completed in 1936.
# Van Galder

Van Galder is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Clark Van Galder (1909–1965), American football player, basketball player, track athlete, and coach
* Tim Van Galder (1944–2022), American football player
# Peltura

Peltura is a genus of trilobites from the Upper Cambrian. The type specimen of Peltura scarabaeoides, the type species of the genus, was discovered in the Alum Shale Formation of Sweden and described by the Swedish naturalist Göran Wahlenberg in 1818. Species of this genus have now been found throughout the Scandinavian and Baltic regions.
# Peltz

Peltz may refer to:
* Dietrich Peltz (1914–2001), German Luftwaffe bomber pilot and general of the Wehrmacht
* John Peltz (1861–1906), American professional baseball player
* Mary Ellis Peltz (1890-1981) American opera critic, and founding editor of Opera News
* Nelson Peltz (born 1942), American businessman
* Nicola Peltz (born 1995), American actress
* Perri Peltz (born 1961), American television journalist
* Peter Peltz (1915–2001), American artist
* Will Peltz (born 1986), American actor
# Sistla Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Rao

Sistla Venkata Lakshmi Narasimham, known as S. V. L. Narasimham (24 May 1911 – 28 September 2006) was Senior Advocate, Trade Union activist and the 1st Lok Sabha member from Guntur constituency, Madras State, India.
He was born to Shri S. V. Purushottam on 24 May 1911. He was educated at Andhra Christian College, Guntur and Law College, Madras and Law College, Trivandrum. He practiced law from 1936 till 2004. He represented the Brodipet ward as a councillor in 1939. He was secretary of Bar Association, Guntur in 1942–43 and was Bar Association president consecutively from 1965 to 1970. He served jail terms twice during Indian freedom movement.
He led the Trade Union of Krishna Cement Company as its president in 1930s. In 1952, he contested as an Independent candidate and won by a majority of 1,03,126 votes against the veteran parliamentarian N. G. Ranga (Krushikar Party).
He died in Guntur on 28 September 2006. He left behind his wife, five sons and two daughters.
# Peaceful World (John Mellencamp song)

"Peaceful World" is a song written and recorded by the American rock artist John Mellencamp and India.Arie, which appeared on Mellencamp's album Cuttin' Heads. Mellencamp also included the track on his 2007 album 20th Century Masters: The Millennium Collection: The Best of John Mellencamp. The single was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, but lost to "Dig In" by Lenny Kravitz.
The song was first played during the 2001 Indianapolis 500, during a commercial for the Indy Racing League, which Mellencamp's wife, Elaine Irwin Mellencamp, was a spokesperson for at the time. The song went on to be the official song of the League for the remainder of the 2001 Indy Racing League season.

## Background

"'Peaceful World' was extracted from a conversation with Pat Peterson, who's been singing backup in my touring band since 1981," Mellencamp explained to the Denver Post in an August 2001 feature. "She's my age, and I asked her, 'What's the one thing that's really disturbing to you?' There was no question about it - it's how this new rap music is really harmful to the black race.
"You have the new Uncle Tom, the guy wagging the $200,000 watch and saying, ... 'Gimme the money, man, look what I got that you ain't got ... I'll say whatever you want me to say, and when this (ends), I'll just go back to whatever I'm doing, and I don't care about the damage that I've done.' Meanwhile, white kids in suburbs who buy these records find it entertaining if not comical half the time. They have a really distorted view of what the black race is about. It's a very bad thing."

## Composition

The song's lyrics, which are sung in a duet form between Mellencamp and Arie, primarily deal with issues of race and prejudice.
The lyrics led it to be somewhat of a song of comfort following the September 11, 2001 attacks, being performed during The Concert for New York City along with a live acoustic version without Arie being included in Columbia Records' October 2001 benefit album God Bless America. Mellencamp also performed the song during the 2001 United States Grand Prix, which was held 3 weeks after the attacks.

## Music video

The music video of "Peaceful World", directed by Kurt Markus, shows Mellencamp and Arie in a mostly dark room, with only their faces shown. The two sing as selected lyrics from the song are flashed in front of them in light.

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Top 40 Mainstream | 11 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks | 27 |
| U.S. Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks | 38 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 104 |
# Veeramala Hills

Veeramala Hills is a small mountain in the Kasargode district of Kerala state, south India. It is situated at Cheruvathur. On the Hill top are the ruins of a Dutch fort built in the 18th century. There is a picnic spot from where the Kariangode river and surroundings can be viewed.
# Veeramangalam

Veeramangalam is a village in the
Avadaiyarkoilrevenue block of Pudukkottai district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Known for

Village Cooking Channel

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Veeramangalam had a total population of
1807 with 824 males and 983 females. Out of the total population 953 people were literate.