OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Schwenningen

Schwenningen is the name of several locations in Germany:
* Schwenningen, Bavaria
* Schwenningen, Sigmaringen
* Villingen-Schwenningen
# Elazay

Elazay Mountain is the biggest mountain of Mohmand Agency in Pakistan. It is covered with snow from November to February. It is also a famous tourist destination.
# Elastofibroma dorsi

Elastofibroma dorsi is an ill-defined fibroelastic tumor-like condition made up of enlarged and irregular elastic fibers. The World Health Organization, 2020, has classified elastofibroma tumors as one specific type of the fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.

## Signs and symptoms

Patient will present with a slow growing, deep-seated, firm mass, often presenting bilaterally. There may be pain or tenderness, but this is rare.
When only present on one side, they are more often present on the right side.

## Cause

There are several theories about origin:
* There is support for a genetic predisposition, as there are alterations of short arm of chromosome 1;
* Multifocality may suggest systemic enzymatic defect, resulting in abnormal elastogenesis;
* Repeated trauma or friction seems unlikely, but is still a possibility.

## Diagnosis

By computed tomography, there is a poorly circumscribed, heterogeneous soft tissue mass, with a signal intensity similar to skeletal muscle. The fact that the lesion may be bilateral, helps eliminate a sarcoma from further consideration. At US, elastofibromas are depicted deep to the musculature as a multilayered pattern of hypoechoic linear areas of fat deposition intermixed with echogenic fibroelastic tissue. The mass often protrudes from the subscapular region upon shoulder abduction, allowing better delineation of the finding.

### Pathology findings

In general, the tumor is an ill-defined, nonencapsulated, rubbery, and firm, white lesion with interspersed fat. The tumors can be quite large (up to 20 cm), although most are around 5 cm.
By microscopie view, there is an admixture of heavy dense bands of collagenous tissue dissected by fat and abnormal elastic fibers. The elastic fibers are often quite large and are easily identified. The elastic fibers are coarse, thick, and darkly eosinophilic, often fragmented into globules, creating a "string of pearls" or "pipe cleaner" appearance. Because of degeneration, the elastic fibers will appear as globules with a serrated or "prickled" edge.

### Histochemistry

The elastic fibers will be highlighted by a Weigert or von Gieson elastic stains.

### Differential diagnoses

Given the anatomic site, a spindle cell lipoma, nuchal-type fibroma and fibromatosis colli are all included in the differential diagnosis.

## Management

Simple excision is the treatment of choice, although given the large size, bleeding into the space can be a potential complication. Isolated recurrences may be seen, but there is no malignant potential.

## Epidemiology

This is a very rare phenomenon (< 0.001% of soft tissue tumors), usually presenting in elderly patients (>50 years of age), and more commonly in women than men (5:1). There is an increased frequency in Okinawa, Japan, but this may be a reporting bias. The tumor develops very specifically in the subscapular or infrascapular area, deep to the muscle, sometimes even attached to periosteum of ribs. It is usually between the shoulder blade and the lower neck, with rare tumors reported in the chest wall.
# Eleanor Campbell

Eleanor Campbell may refer to:
* Eleanor Campbell (physician) (1878–1959), American physician
* Eleanor Campbell (scientist) (born 1960), Scottish chemist
* Eleanor Campbell (illustrator) (1894–1986), illustrator of children's books and portrait artist
* Eleanor Campbell, Duchess of Argyll, British noblewoman
# Scntfc

Andrew Rohrmann, better known by his stage name scntfc (formerly Scientific American), is an American composer and sound designer. His solo productions, which incorporate elements of electronic dance music, hip-hop, and rock, have been used by The Seattle Art Museum, the Sound Unseen Film Festival in Minneapolis and for well-known television ads promoting Hewlett-Packard and Discover.

## History

After establishing himself as a member of Seattle's indie rock scene with his band Hush Harbor, scntfc became interested in the idea of using the computer as his primary instrument.
In 2001 Rohrmann formed a production company along with Plastiq Phantom named Polar Empire. They have done commercial compositions for clients such as Nike, MTV, Volkswagen, and AMC. He has completed critically praised remixes for a number of indie favorites including Modest Mouse, 764-Hero, and Red Stars Theory. He has also composed and produced the sound for the 2016 game Oxenfree, and composed the music for several of Broken Rules' games.

## Portfolio

| Year | Title | Type | Role |
| 2001 | Saints of Infinity | Album | Composer |
| 2001 | Undone | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2002 | tencore | Album | Composer |
| 2011 | The Hanford Reach e.p. | Extended play | Composer |
| 2011 | tubes | Album | Composer |
| 2011 | Xbox 360 system software | Software | Sound designer |
| 2011 | ZMD: Zombies of Mass Destruction | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2012 | Pierce The Air (scntfc vs Andrew Luck vs Dosadi remix) | Remix | Composer |
| 2012 | Sword and Sorcery: Moon Grotto | Album | Composer |
| 2013 | Rogue Legacy Reborn | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2013 | Lotus | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2014 | Peggle 2 Remixes | Remix | Composer |
| 2014 | Plants vs. Zombies 2 Zen-Garden theme | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2015 | Vector-Z: Space Ranger | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2015 | Galak-Z: The Dimensional | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2015 | Odd, Fugl, et Luna | Album | Composer |
| 2016 | Mr. Robot: Exfiltrati0n | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2016 | Oxenfree | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2016 | Side Stories | Extended play | Composer |
| 2017 | Old Man's Journey | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2018 | ELOH | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2019 | Afterparty | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2019 | Sneaky Sasquatch | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2021 | Jett: The Far Shore | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2021 | Oxenfree 2: Lost Signals | Soundtrack | Composer |
| 2022 | Gibbon: Beyond the Trees | Soundtrack | Composer |
# Sclerotrema

Sclerotrema is a genus of fungi in the family Auriculariaceae. The type and only species, Sclerotrema griseobrunnea, produces effused, corticioid basidiocarps (fruit bodies) on wood with a smooth surface. The species was originally described from Russia and is also known from Canada.

## Taxonomy

The genus was created as a result of molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, which showed that Sclerotrema griseobrunnea, previously referred to the genus Exidiopsis, formed its own unrelated and distinct clade.
# Scott City

Scott City may refer to a place in the United States:
* Scott City, Indiana
* Scott City, Kansas
* Scott City, Missouri
* Scott City, Atchison County, Missouri
# Scott City, Indiana

Scott City is an unincorporated community in Fairbanks Township, Sullivan County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
The community is part of the Terre Haute Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

Scott City is located at 39°11′38″N 87°27′54″W﻿ / ﻿39.19389°N 87.46500°W﻿ / 39.19389; -87.46500.
# Elections in Martinique

Martinique is a Single territorial collectivity of France. Martinique elects one deputy to the national assembly from each of four constituencies. It elects on regional/départemental level a legislature, called the Assembly of Martinique, by proportional representation from each of the national assembly constituencies.
The Assembly of Martinique replaced, in 2015, two councils with diverging powers. These were the Regional Council (Conseil régional) with 41 members, elected for a four-year term by proportional representation and the General Council (Conseil général) with members elected for a six-year term in single seat-constituencies.
Martinique has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.

## Last elections

The first elections for the Assembly of Martinique were held on 13 December 2015. Gran Sanblé pou ba peyi an chans, a coalition of the Martinican Independence Movement and right-wing parties, led by Alfred Marie-Jeanne defeated Ensemble pour une Martinique Nouvelle [fr], a coalition of left-wing parties, led by Serge Letchimy, winning 33 out of 51 seats.

## Past elections
### 2004 Regional Elections

| Candidate | Party | Votes (Round One) | % (Round One) | Votes (Round Two) | % (Round Two) |
| Alfred Marie-Jeanne | MIM | 46,006 | 37.28% | 74,860 | 53.76% |
| Madeleine de Grandmaison | PPM | 21,232 | 17.20% | 43,170 | 31.00% |
| Pierre Samont | BPM-FSM-MPF | 19,994 | 16.20% | - | - |
| Miguel Laventure | UDF (FMP) | 17,177 | 13.92% | 21,227 | 15.24% |
| Pierre Petit | UMP | 8,367 | 6.78% | - | - |
| Jean Crusol | Miscellaneous left-wing | 5,864 | 4.75% | - | - |
| Ghislaine Joachim-Arnaud | Combat Ouvrier-LO | 3,866 | 3.13% | - | - |
| Max Auguste Dufrénot | Divers | 900 | 0.73% | - | - |
| Total | | 123,406 | 100.00% | 139,257 | 100.00% |

#### Seats

| Party | Party | seats |
| • | Martinican Independence Movement | 28 |
| | Martinican Progressive Party | 9 |
| | UDF (FMP) | 4 |

### 1998 Regional Elections

| Party | Party | seats |
| • | Martinican Independence Movement | 13 |
| | Rally for the Republic | 7 |
| | Martinican Progressive Party | 7 |
| | UDF (FMP) | 6 |
| | Build the Martinique Country | 4 |
| | Martinican Socialist Federation | 3 |
| | Miscellaneous Right | 1 |

### 1992 Regional Elections

| Party | Party | seats |
| | Rally for the Republic-Union for French Democracy | 16 |
| • | Martinican Progressive Party | 9 |
| | Miscellaneous | 9 |
| • | Martinique Communist Party | 4 |
| • | Martinican Socialist Federation | 3 |

### 1986 Regional Elections

| Party | Party | seats |
| • | Martinican Socialist Federation | 21 |
| | Rally for the Republic | 11 |
| | Union for French Democracy | 9 |
# Scolebythidae

The Scolebythidae are a small family of aculeate wasps in the superfamily Chrysidoidea. These chrysidoid wasps are found in Africa, Australia, the Neotropics, north China, Thailand and Fiji. They are parasites on larvae of Cerambycidae and Ptinidae.

## Overview

Scolebythidae wasps are gregarious ectoparasitoids of wood-boring beetle larvae. Females dig tunnels through the frass of wood-boring beetles using their mandibles. After reaching the host chamber of the beetle larva, frass is pulled into the chamber before stinging the larva. The female wasp feeds on the hemolymph after biting the integument. This behaviour is probably necessary for egg laying.

## Taxonomy

* Subfamily Pristapenesiinae Engel et al. 2013
** †Boreobythus Engel and Grimaldi 2007 New Jersey amber, Turonian
** †Ectenobythus Engel et al. 2013 Spanish amber, Albian
** †Eobythus Lacau et al. 2000 Oise amber, France, Ypresian
** †Libanobythus Prentice and Poinar 1996 Lebanese amber, Barremian
** †Mirabythus Cai et al. 2012 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
** †Nadezhdabythus Zhang, Rasnitsyn, Olmi, Martynova & Perkovsky, 2020 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
** †Necrobythus Engel et al. 2013 Canadian amber, Campanian
** Pristapenesia Brues 1933 South America and Asia
** †Sphakelobythus Engel et al. 2013 Canadian amber, Campanian
** †Uliobythus Engel and Grimaldi 2007 Lebanese amber, Barremian
** †Zapenesia Engel and Grimaldi 2007 Lebanese amber, Barremian
** †Cursoribythus and †Siccibythus from the Burmese amber were originally assigned to this family, but have subsequently been assigned to the Falsiformicidae.
* Subfamily Scolebythinae Evans 1963
** Clystopsenella Kieffer 1911
** Scolebythus Evans 1963
* Ycaploca Nagy, 1975, South Africa, Australia
# Eleanor Bellows Pillsbury

Eleanor Bellows Pillsbury (January 16, 1913 – August 27, 1971) was an American activist who was the president of Planned Parenthood from 1950 to 1953 and helped create the International Planned Parenthood Federation.

## Early life

Pillsbury was born in 1913 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She graduated from the Northrop Collegiate School and then received a bachelor's degree from Smith College. Syracuse University Dean Eugenia Leonard advised "women college graduates to enter volunteer work rather than accept a salary," which Pillsbury followed.

## Career

From 1950 to 1953 Pillsbury served as the president of Planned Parenthood. She helped create the International Planned Parenthood Federation and traveled to India to discuss the organization with Mahatma Gandhi. Pillsbury was awarded the Lasker Award by Planned Parenthood – World Population in 1952 as under her leadership, "Planned Parenthood has reached a new era as a national force and international influence."
Only 38 years old in 1951, she was the youngest member of the initial group of women to serve on the Defense Department Advisory Committee on Women in the Services. She also served on the Minneapolis Junior League and the Minnesota Research Council (part of the National Health Council).
She was the vice president of the American Red Cross and sat on its national board as an honorary member at the time of her death.

## Personal life

She married Philip W. Pillsbury in 1934, and had two children. At Pillsbury baking contests, she served as a hostess, remarking that she was a "Den mother for all the contestants." Pillsbury died in 1971 from cancer at her home in Wayzata, Minnesota.
In 2000, the Women's Refugee Commission established the Eleanor Bellows Pillsbury Fund for Reproductive Health Care and Rights for Adolescent Refugees to provide grants for adolescent reproductive health projects.
# Electoral district of Merrimac

Merrimac was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland from 1992 to 2001.
The district was based in the Gold Coast and named for the suburb of Merrimac.

## Members for Merrimac

| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | Bob Quinn | Liberal | 19 Sep 1992 – 17 Feb 2001 |
# USS Hermitage

USS Hermitage may refer to:
* USS Hermitage (AP-54), a troop transport launched in 1925 as the Italian liner SS Conte Biancamano; interned, renamed, and commissioned in U.S. Navy, 1942; returned to Italy in 1947.
* USS Hermitage (LSD-34), a Thomaston-class dock landing ship launched in 1956; transferred to Brazilian Navy as Ceará (C-30) in 1989
# Duff Islands

The Duff Islands are a small island group lying to the northeast of the Santa Cruz Islands in province of Temotu Province, in the nation of Solomon Islands. They are also sometimes known as the Wilson Islands.

## Location and geography

The islands are located at 9°51'48" S. lat., 167°4'48" E. long.
The Duff Islands consist of:
* Taumako, the main island, with nearby Tahua, Tohua, and Tatumotu
* The Bass Islands: Lua, Kaa and Loreva
* Treasurer's Islands: Tuleki (Nula), Elingi (Obelisk Island), Te Aku (Te Ako), Lakao and Ulaka
Frequently, Hallie Jackson Reef is mentioned in the context of the Duff islands, although it is located 45 km west of that 32 km long island chain, and although it is not an island, at most a submarine reef. In the Sailing Directions of 1969 Hallie Jackson Reef is described as a reef 24 feet deep, at 9°44'S, 166°07'E. The corresponding current (2017) publication no longer has any mention of the reef.

## Local population

The Duff Islands were settled by the Lapita people about 900 BC. They were followed by Melanesians and then Polynesians in the mid-1400s. The modern inhabitants of the Duff Islands are Polynesians, and their language, Vaeakau-Taumako, is a member of the Samoic branch of Polynesian languages. About 500 people live on the Duff Islands. The traditional way of life consists of subsistence farming and fishing. Taumako has no roads, airport, telephones, or electricity. Contact with outsiders comes by battery-powered marine radio and the occasional cargo ship.

## European Contact

The first recorded sighting by Europeans of the Duff Islands was by the Spanish expedition of Pedro Fernández de Quirós where it anchored on 8 April 1606. Its inhabitants named the islands as Taumako. They were charted by Quirós as Nuestra Señora del Socorro (Our Lady of Succour in Spanish).
The Duff Islands were named after missionary ship Duff, captained by James Wilson, which reached them in 1797.

## Traditional navigation

Studies of David Lewis and Marianne (Mimi) George identified that traditional Polynesian navigational techniques were still preserved in these islands.
# Rice Lake (Washington County, Minnesota)

Rice Lake is a lake in Washington County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Rice Lake was named for its abundant wild rice.
# Rachele

Rachele may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Rachele (given name), a feminine given name (including a list of people with the name)

### Surname

* Josh Rachele (born 2003), Australian rules footballer
* Sara Rachele (born 1988), American folk singer

## Other

* 674 Rachele, a minor planet orbiting the Sun
* Villa Rachele, a district of Cinisello Balsamo in Italy
# Lothugedda junction

Lothugedda junction is a village in Chintapalle mandal, Alluri Sitharama Raju district, in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
# Solo (Kaipa album)

Solo is the third studio album by the Swedish progressive rock band Kaipa. It was released in 1977 by Decca Records.

## Track listing

* "Den skrattande grevinnan" (Roine Stolt) – 4:46
* "Sen repris" (Mats Löfgren, Roine Stolt) – 3:22
* "Flytet" (Roine Stolt) – 2:46
* "Anar dig" (Mats Löfgren, Roine Stolt) – 4:05
* "Frog Funk" (Roine Stolt) – 3:35
* "Visan i sommaren" (Hans Lundin) – 3:35
* "Tajgan" (Hans Lundin) – 3:25
* "Respektera min värld" (Mats Löfgren, Hans Lundin, Ingemar Bergman) – 6:16
* "En igelkotts död" (Hans Lundin) – 3:40
* "Total förvirring" (Mats Löfgren, Roine Stolt) – 7:25
* "Sist på plan" (Mats Löfgren), Roine Stolt) – 7:38
* "Visan i sommaren (Live) (Bonus Track on Musea) - 3:31
* "En igelkotts dod/Omsom sken (Medley) (Live) (Bonus Track on Musea) - 4:40
* "Live in an Elevator (Bonus Track on Musea) - 10:34

## Personnel

* Ingemar Bergman: Drums, Percussion & Laughing
* Mats Lindberg: Bass, Moog Taurus Pedals & Percussion
* Hans Lundin: Hammond Organ, Fender Rhodes Electric Piano, Grand Piano, Mellotron, Mini and Polymoog Synths, Korg String 2000, Hohner Clavinet & Vocal
* Roine Stolt: 6 and 12-String Electric Guitars, Acoustic Guitars, guitar-Synthesizer, Percussion & Vocal
* Mats Löfgren: Lead Vocal & Percussion
* Engineered By Olle Ramm
# Rolf Bietmann

Rolf Bietmann (born 18 May 1954) is a German politician. He represents the CDU. Bietmann has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2002 till 2005.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Urbania and Sant'Angelo in Vado

The former Italian Catholic Diocese of Urbania and Sant’Angelo in Vado, in the Marche, existed from 1636 to 1986. In the latter year, it was united into the Archdiocese of Urbino, to form the Archdiocese of Urbino-Urbania-Sant'Angelo in Vado.

## History

Sant'Angelo in Vado in 1635 became a city, and then an episcopal see. Urbania in 1280 was demolished by the Ghibellines. It was restored again by the Dominican bishop, Guglielmo Durante and called Castel Durante; it was included in the Duchy of Urbino, and contained a magnificent ducal palace.
At the beginning of 1635 S. Angelo was an archpresbyterate nullius, subject to the Abbot of the Monastery of S. Cristoforo of Castel Durante, to whom the Archpresbyterate of Castel Durante was also subject. In that year Pope Urban VIII erected the two towns into dioceses, changing the name of Castel Durante to Urbania, and uniting them aeque principaliter under Onorato degli Onorati, who governed it for forty-eight years. Other bishops were: Gian. Vincenzo Castelli, O.P. (1711), who restored the cathedral of Urbania, and Paolo Zamperoli, O.P. (1779) sent into exile under Napoleon, dying there.

## Ordinaries
### Diocese of Urbania e Sant’Angelo in Vado

Erected:18 February 1636 Latin Name: Urbaniensis et Sancti Angeli in Vado Metropolitan: Archdiocese of Urbino
* Onorato Onorati (22 Sep 1636 – Aug 1683 Resigned)
* Horatius Ondedei (10 Apr 1684 – Mar 1688 Died)
* Pietro Barugi (15 Nov 1688 – May 1708 Died)
* Antonio Antonelli (6 May 1709 – 17 Nov 1711 Died)
* Giovanni Vincenzo Castelli (21 Mar 1714 – Sep 1736 Died)
* Giuseppe Fabbretti (19 Nov 1736 – 18 Nov 1747 Died)
* Deodato Baiardi (18 Dec 1747 – 28 Nov 1776 Died)
* Giovanni Pergolini (17 Feb 1777 – Aug 1779 Died)
* Paol'Antonio Agostini Zamperoli (13 Dec 1779 – 1812 Died)
* Francesco Leonini (22 Jul 1816 – 9 Apr 1822 Died)
* Francesco Tassinari (27 Sep 1824 – 27 Dec 1832 Died)
* Lorenzo Parigini (15 Apr 1833 – 24 Dec 1848 Died)
* Antonio Boscarini (20 Apr 1849 – 3 Jun 1872 Died)
* Giovanni Maria Majoli (29 Jul 1872 – 19 Jun 1893 Died)
* Francesco Baldassarri (18 May 1894 – 15 Apr 1901 Appointed, Bishop of Imola)
* Antonio Valbonesi (15 Apr 1901 – 4 May 1906 Resigned)
* Luigi Giacomo Baccini (25 Aug 1908 – 16 Jan 1935 Died)
* Giovanni Capobianco (1 Apr 1935 – 7 Apr 1965 Died)
* Ugo Donato Bianchi (23 May 1977 – 30 Sep 1986 Appointed, Archbishop of Urbino-Urbania-Sant'Angelo in Vado)
30 September 1986: United with the Archdiocese of Urbino to form the Archdiocese of Urbino-Urbania-Sant'Angelo in Vado
# Durrette

Durrette is a surname. It may refer to:
* Mike Durrette (born 1957), American football player (offensive lineman) in the NFL
* Wyatt Durrette (born 1938), American attorney and politician, who served in the Virginia House of Representatives
* Wyatt Durrette (songwriter), born Wyatt B. Durrette III, American country music songwriter
# Durren Durren, New South Wales

Durren Durren is a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area.
# Turn It Up (Treacherous Three album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Turn It Up is a compilation album of rare and unreleased material by The Treacherous Three and Kool Moe Dee. It was released on July 11, 2000, for Sequel Records and was produced by the members, DJ Easy Lee, Kool Moe Dee, Special K and LA Sunshine. Samples from "The Body Rock" were used by Mariah Carey for her song "Honey" on her album Butterfly, and by Akon for his song "Belly Dancer (Bananza)".

## Track listing

* "Whip It" – 7:44
* "Yes We Can Can" – 6:58
* "Action" – 5:48
* "The Body Rock" – 7:30
* "Feel the Heartbeat" – 5:36
* "At the Party" – 7:31
* "Get Up" – 6:05
* "X-Mas Rap" (X-Rated Version)- 6:09 (Featuring Doug E. Fresh)
* "Gotta Rock" – 5:02
* "Turn It Up" – 7:34
* "Bad Mutha" – 4:16
* "Dumb Dick" – 5:03
# Turton doubling

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
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| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
Turton doubling is a manoeuvre in chess in which a piece moves along a line (rank, file or diagonal), then a similarly-moving piece moves onto the same line in front of it, then this second piece moves again along this line, in the opposite direction to that of the first. Use of the term is effectively limited to the field of chess problems, although it happens in real games as well (especially when White moves the bishop on d3 back to let the queen in front to threaten Qh7#, and analogous for Black).
The idea can be understood in reference to the problem to the right, the first to demonstrate the manoeuvre, composed by its eponym, Henry Turton. A mate in three, the solution is 1.Bh8 (threatening 2.Qa3#) 1...b4 2.Qg7 Ra8 (defending against 3.Qa7#) 3.Qxb2#. The bishop moves along the diagonal a1-h8, then the queen moves onto that same diagonal, then the queen moves again in the opposite direction to the bishop.
Specific types of Turton doubling are the Loyd-Turton, in which the first piece moved is of greater value than the second; and the Brunner-Turton, in which the two pieces are of equal value. Cases such as Turton's original, in which the piece moved first is of lesser value than the second, have no special name.
Turton doubling can be contrasted with another form of doubling, Zepler doubling.