OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Johnstown Flood (disambiguation)

The Johnstown Flood was a disaster that occurred in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States on May 31, 1889.
Johnstown Flood may also refer to:
* Johnstown flood of 1936, a disaster that occurred in Johnstown in 1936
* Johnstown flood of 1977, a disaster that occurred in Johnstown in 1977
* 2021 Johnstown flooding caused by Hurricane Ida
* Johnstown Flood Museum, a history museum in Johnstown, Pennsylvania
* Johnstown Flood National Memorial, a memorial near South Fork, Pennsylvania that commemorates the 1889 flood
* The Johnstown Flood (1926 film), a silent drama film
* The Johnstown Flood (1989 film), a short documentary film
* The Johnstown Flood (book), a 1968 book by David McCullough about the 1889 flood
# Joița

Joița is a commune located in Giurgiu County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bâcu and Joița.
The commune is located on the northeastern edge of the county, on the right bank of the Dâmbovița River and on the left bank of the Ciorogârla River, on the border with Ilfov County. It is crossed by the county road DJ602, which connects it to the south with Ciorogârla and Domnești in Ilfov County (where it intersects with Centura București) and with Romania's capital, Bucharest, and to the northeast with Săbăreni and further in Ilfov County with the towns of Chitila (where it intersects with DN7) and Buftea (where it ends in DN1A).
# Frank Levick

Frank Levick (1882 – 1 February 1908) was an English footballer who played for Sheffield United, mostly at inside left, during the 1907–08 season. He had previously played for Rotherham Town and Tinsley.
Born in Eckington, Levick made his debut for Sheffield United on 21 September 1907 against Manchester United at Bank Street. He broke his collar bone while playing against Newcastle United on New Year's Day 1908. While recovering from the injury, he contracted a cold which developed into pneumonia. He died of heart failure as a result of pneumonia, on 1 February 1908 in Sheffield.
# Frank Gray (researcher)

Frank Gray (13 September 1887 – 23 May 1969) was a physicist and researcher at Bell Labs who made numerous innovations in television, both mechanical and electronic, and is remembered for the Gray code.
The Gray code, or reflected binary code (RBC), appearing in Gray's 1953 patent, is a binary numeral system often used in electronics, but with many applications in mathematics.
Gray conducted pioneering research on the development of television; he proposed an early form of "flying spot scanner" for early TV systems in 1927, and helped develop a two-way mechanically scanned TV system in 1930.
With Pierre Mertz, Gray wrote the classic paper on the mathematics of raster scan systems in 1934. He later participated in the early days of the digital revolution, with Raymond W. Sears, William M. Goodall, John Robinson Pierce, and others at Bell Labs, by providing the binary code used by Sears in his PCM tube, a beam deflection tube of the type that Sears and Pierce collaborated on, which was used in Goodall's "Television by pulse code modulation".

## Early life

Gray graduated from Purdue University in 1911 with a degree in Physics.

## Patents

With Herbert E. Ives as co-inventor, Gray filed for two US patents in 1927: "Electro-optical system" (US 2,037,471, issued 14 April 1936) and "Electro-optical transmission" (US 1,759,504, issued 20 May 1930), and one in just his own name: "Television system" (US 2,113,254, issued 5 April 1938). He patented many other similar-sounding inventions over the years that followed.
His 1953 patent "Pulse Code Communication" with the Gray code was filed in 1947.
# Johnson Barn

Johnson Barn may refer to:

## in the United States

(by state)
* Johnson Barn (Fayetteville, Arkansas) listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Arkansas
* Louis Johnson Barn, Richfield, Idaho, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Lincoln County, Idaho
* Thomas Johnson Polygonal Barn, Wellman, Iowa, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Idaho
* Johnson Barn (Mobridge, South Dakota), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Walworth County, South Dakota
# Hallı

Hallı may refer to:
* Hallı, Alaplı, Turkey
* Hallı, İskilip, Turkey
# Halländska

Halländska is the name used for dialects spoken in Halland, Sweden. In the southern parts of the county Scanian dialects dominate whilst in the north Götaland dialects dominate.
# Hakim Sanaullah Cancer Centre

The Hakim Sanaullah Cancer Centre is a Cancer Centre at Sopore, in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
HSCC is a rural cancer centre in the heart of North Kashmir. The Centre is part of the Hakim Sanaullah Specialist Hospital and providing quality cancer care to the neglected rural population in the region. Currently the centre provides Medical Oncology, Surgical Oncology and Diagnostic/Imaging services. The centre remains part of a global effort towards managing cancer in a limited resource setting. Over two-thirds of Kashmiris live in rural areas with access to a health care system marred by deficiencies. An overburdened urban health care setup adds to the misery of these rural millions.
Hakim Sanaullah Specialist Hospital & Cancer Centre is an effort to overcome these deficiencies. The institution is a tertiary health care facility with the first rural cancer centre of Jammu and Kashmir catering to a population of over 1 million. By providing quality health care, accessible and affordable to these millions, the institution aims at changing the landscape of health care services in the region in particular, and the state as a whole.

## History

On 29 June 2009, Dr Shuaib Zaidi a surgical oncologist, assisted by Dr Yusuf Tak, an anaesthetist, implanted a Chemoport Device, which is an embedded device within the layers of the skin, to act as a port for the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer. Also, on the next day, a limb-salvage surgery was performed, saving the left lower limb of a patient, who had been deemed incurable, and advised amputation of the part. As of 9 August 2009, the patient is doing fine.
Plans are afoot to bring a CT scan to the hospital, and also to establish a telemedicine link with national and international cancer institutions to further cancer care research in Kashmir.
In October 2013, the first dialysis centre in North Kashmir was started in the premises of the Hakim Sanaullah Cancer Centre. Currently, two dialysis machines, installed by Fresenius Kabi, are functional, and plans are in foot to expand the services soon.
# Hang Your Head

"Hang Your Head" is the fourth and final single from Scottish band Deacon Blue's fourth studio album, Whatever You Say, Say Nothing (1993). It was written by Ricky Ross and produced by Steve Osborne and Paul Oakenfold. The single version was released in July 1993 by Columbia Records and is very similar to the album version, except that it has a slightly longer introduction and also has a cold start in place of the album version's fade-in. This was the first Deacon Blue single release to exclude all vinyl formats. It reached a peak of number 21 on the UK Singles Chart in July 1993.

## B-sides

The first B-side is the upbeat rock song, "Freedom Train", which is an original composition by the band, but is only presented in a live version. The other two B-sides are the soaring "Here on the Wind" and Ricky and Lorraine's gentle duet, "Indigo Sky", both of which contain imagery related to the biblical account of Adam and Eve. "Indigo Sky" would later be released on The Very Best of Deacon Blue.
As with the previous release, "Only Tender Love", a special-edition CD single entitled "The Riches Collection Part 2" was issued. In addition to "Hang Your Head", it again contained three tracks from the Riches bonus album.

## Track listings

All songs were written by Ricky Ross except where noted.
Cassette single (659460 4)
* "Hang Your Head [Single Version]" – 4:13
* "Freedom Train (Live From The Hamburg Markthalle, Germany, 08.06.93)" – 2:56
* "Here on the Wind" – 5:07
* "Indigo Sky" – 2:48
CD single (659460 2)
* "Hang Your Head [Single Version]" – 4:13
* "Freedom Train (Live From The Hamburg Markthalle, Germany, 08.06.93)" – 2:56
* "Here on the Wind" – 5:07
* "Indigo Sky" – 2:48
Special Edition CD single: The Riches Collection Part 2 (659460 5)
* "Hang Your Head [Single Version]" – 4:13
* "Ribbons and Bows" – 4:18
* "Just Like Boys" (Ross, Prime) – 3:17
* "Church" – 3:18

## Charts

| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) | 65 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 21 |
| UK Airplay (Music Week) | 37 |
# Frank Moya Pons

Dr. Rafael Francisco “Frank” Moya Pons is one of the leading contemporary historians of the Dominican Republic. He has published many important books in the history and cultural heritage of the country. One of his best-known works is Manual de historia dominicana (1992), now in its tenth edition which is a staple work of Dominican historiography. In 1985 he authored the book Between Slavery and Free Labor: The Spanish, in 1998 The Dominican Republic: A National History and in 2007 History of the Caribbean: plantations, trade, and war in the Atlantic world. He has also conducted much work into slavery in the Dominican Republic and Caribbean.
Moya has a Degree in 'Philosophy' at the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo (UASD); has a Master in both 'Latin American History' and 'European History' at Georgetown University. Moya has a Ph.D. in 'Latin American History', 'Economic Development' and 'Quantitative Methods' from Columbia University.
Moya Pons has taught history at the Pontifical Catholic University Mother and Teacher in the Dominican Republic, in Columbia and Florida universities in the USA, and has been Research Professor at City College.
Moya was President of the Dominican Academy of History. In 2013, he published Bibliografía de la Historia Dominicana 1730-2010.
# Hamala, Algeria

Hamala, Algeria is a town and commune in Mila Province, Algeria. At the 1998 census it had a population of 10810.
# Hamallayya

Hamallayya or Hamallism is a Sufi ṭarīqah (order, path) originating in West Africa as an outgrowth from and reaction against the Tijaniyyah brotherhood. It was founded at the beginning of the 20th century by a mystic Muhammad ben Amadu (d. 1909) of Maure and Fulani background, as reform movement of Tijaniyyah practice. Stressing opposition to hierarchy and downplaying the importance of education, the movement spread in the 1920s by Amadu's disciple Shaykh Hamahullah bin Muhammad bin Umar (1886–1943) in what was then French Soudan, modern Mali. It first took root amongst Wolof traders living in Nioro, but soon spread to servile caste Muslims in Mauretania and Mali.

## Doctrine

Hammallist doctrinal changes from Tijaniyyah ritual included the removal of some recited references to the Prophet, rejecting Qur'anic study, and the shouting of prayers in group worship. Hammallists tended to stress traditional West African ritual and the rejection of traditional hierarchies, including gender, age, and caste distinctions.

## Opposition and growth

Opposed to what it saw as the hierarchy of the then dominant Tijaniyyah order, Hamallism grew into a social protest movement, especially from poor or slave communities and opposed both the wealthy among African and the colonial government of French West Africa. From the 1920s to the 1940s, periodic flareups of Hamallist attributed protest and violence occurred in what is today Mali, Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, and Niger, and were suppressed by both the French authorities, and local Tijaniyyah leaders. Among the prominent converts to Hamallism were Tierno Bokar Salif Tall, grand nephew of the precolonial military and political leader of the Tijaniyya Jihad state El-Hadj Umar Tall, in Mali; and Yacouba Sylla in Mauretania. Other notable adherents included Tierno Bokar, the teacher and spiritual leader of Amadou Hampate Ba.
In Burkina Faso, Hamallism was especially present in the Fulbe Rimaibe (servile caste) communities into the 1950s.

## Suppression and survival

Hamahullah bin Muhammad bin Umar was exiled by French authorities from Nioro to Mauretania in 1933 following clashes between his followers and local leaders, then to Côte d'Ivoire and finally France, but the movement survived his death in exile. The movement was eventually made illegal in French West Africa, but continued, especially among the rural poor. It remains a political and religious force in parts of eastern Mali and western Niger, where it took root in traditional Tuareg servile cast communities, called Bellah. Followers still numbered 50,000 in Mali by the 1970s.
# Joji Matsuoka

Jōji Matsuoka (松岡 錠司, Matsuoka Jōji, born November 7, 1961) is a Japanese film director. After studying filmmaking in the College of Art at Nihon University, he won an award for his independent short Inaka no hōsoku at the Pia Film Festival in 1984. He directed his first commercial feature, Bataashi kingyo, in 1990 and received a number of awards for best new director, including the Hochi Film Award. He won the Japan Academy Prize for best director for his film Tokyo Tower: Mom and Me, and Sometimes Dad. Matsuoka is known for his delicate depictions of complicated romantic and familial relationships, including a homosexual triangle in Kirakira Hikaru, a daughter caring for an abusive but now senile mother in Akashia no Michi, and a son caring for a cancer-stricken mother in Tokyo Tower. He has also shot many television commercials. His best known and most successful TV show is Midnight Diner.

## Director
### Films

* Bataashi Kingyo (1990)
* Kirakira Hikaru (1992)
* Toire no Hanako-san (1995)
* Akashia no Michi (2001)
* Sayonara, Kuro (2003)
* Tokyo Tower: Mom and Me, and Sometimes Dad (2007)
* Kanki no Uta (2008)
* Snow Prince (2009)
* Midnight Diner (2014)
* Midnight Diner 2 (2016)

### TV Dramas

* Midnight Diner (2009 - 2019)
# Jonathan Elford

Jonathan Elford (November 1684 – 10 December 1755) was an English Tory politician.

## Biography

Elford was the son of Jonathan Elford and Amy Halse, and he succeeded to his father's estates in 1690. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford and entered the Middle Temple in 1702. On 23 April 1713 he married Anne Neville, daughter of Sir Thomas Nevill, 1st Baronet.
At a by-election in 1710, Elford was returned as a Tory Member of Parliament for Saltash. He was elected again for the seat in the 1713 British general election. He was listed as Tory in analyses of the 1713 and 1715 parliaments. In August 1714 Elford was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Cornwall and the following year was selected to represent the rotten borough of Fowey. He held the seat until 1722.
# Jon Iñarritu

Jon Iñarritu Gartzia (born 28 March 1979) is a Basque politician and a member of the Congress of Deputies of Spain. He was previously a member of the Senate of Spain.

## Early life

Iñarritu was born on 28 March 1979 in Leioa, Basque Country. He has a law degree from the University of the Basque Country and a master's degree in international and European law from the Pierre Mendès-France University.

## Career

Iñarritu was a founding member of Aralar and vice president of Eurobaskek (Basque Council of the European Movement). He contested the 2011 general election as an Amaiur electoral alliance candidate in the Province of Biscay and was elected to the Congress of Deputies. At the 2015 general election he was placed 2nd on the EH Bildu electoral alliance's list of candidates in the Province of Biscay but the alliance only managed to win one seat in the province and as a result he failed to get re-elected to the Congress of Deputies.
At the 2016 general election Iñarritu was placed 3rd on the EH Bildu's list of candidates in the Province of Biscay but the party only managed to win one seat in the province and as a result he failed to get re-elected to the Congress of Deputies. In December 2016 he was appointed to the Senate of Spain by the Basque Parliament.
Iñarritu contested the 2019 general election as an EH Bildu electoral alliance candidate in the Province of Gipuzkoa and was re-elected to the Congress of Deputies.

## Electoral history

Electoral history of Jon Iñarritu :
| Election | Constituency | Party | Alliance | No. | Result |
| 2011 general | Province of Biscay | Aralar | Amaiur | 2 | Elected |
| 2015 general | Province of Biscay | Aralar | EH Bildu | 2 | Not elected |
| 2016 general | Province of Biscay | Aralar | EH Bildu | 3 | Not elected |
| 2019 general | Province of Gipuzkoa | | EH Bildu | 2 | Elected |
# Joran Pot

Joran Pot (born 20 January 1989 in Heino) is the manager of Dutch women's professional football club FC Twente Vrouwen. He became the coach of Twente in 2022. Under his leadership, Twente won the Eredivisie Vrouwen title in the 2023–24 season and the Super Cup [nl] in 2022, 2023, and 2024. He previously coached PEC Zwolle's women's team for three seasons.
Pot was also a Dutch professional footballer who played as a midfielder for RBC Roosendaal, FC Zwolle, and Go Ahead Eagles. He was part of the FC Zwolle club that won the Eerste Division in the 2011–12 season. His highest level of play was in two matches in the Eredivisie for Go Ahead Eagles in the 2013–14 season.
# Joran

Joran, Jöran or Jøran is a masculine given name. Bearers include:
* Jöran Hägglund (born 1959), Swedish politician
* Jöran Jermas, an alias of Israel Shamir (born 1947 or 1948), Swedish writer, journalist, and promoter of antisemitism and Holocaust denial
* Jøran Kallmyr (born 1978), Norwegian politician and jurist, former Minister of Justice
* Jöran Nordberg (1677–1744), Swedish historian
* Jöran Persson (c. 1530–1568), King Eric XIV of Sweden's most trusted counsellor and head of the king's network of spies
* Joran Pot (born 1989), Dutch footballer and coach
* Joran Swart (born 1998), Dutch footballer
* Joran van der Sloot (born 1987), Dutch convicted murderer and suspected serial killer
* Joran Vliegen (born 1993), Belgian tennis player
* Joran Wyseure (born 2001), Belgian cyclist
# Jonathan Martin

Jonathan Martin may refer to:
* Jonathan Martin (arsonist) (1782–1838), English arsonist
* Jonathan Martín (footballer) (born 1981), Spanish footballer
* Jonathan Martin (American football) (born 1989), American football offensive tackle
* Jonathan Martin (journalist) (born c. 1977), American journalist
* Jonathan Martin (Florida politician), member of the Florida Senate
# Jonathan Marsden

Jonathan Marsden may refer to:
* Jonathan Marsden (art historian) (born 1960), English art historian
* Jonathan Marsden (cricketer) (born 1993), English cricketer
# Handy, Monroe County, Indiana

Handy is an unincorporated community in Perry Township, Monroe County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## History

According to Ronald L. Baker, the community was probably named after Joseph D. Handy, a county commissioner.
# Hamstead Marshall Pit

Hamstead Marshall Pit is a 0.2-hectare (0.49-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Hamstead Marshall in Berkshire. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.
This former gravel pit exposes gravels of the River Kennet, which were deposited around 450,000 years ago, during the Anglian ice age. Flint hand axes found on the site may be even older, showing that early humans were active in the Middle Palaeolithic in the area.
# Hamstead Marshall

Hamstead Marshall (also spelt Hampstead Marshall) is a village and civil parish in the English county of Berkshire. The village is located within the North Wessex Downs. The population of this civil parish at the 2011 census was 275.

## Location and amenities

In the west of the unitary authority area of West Berkshire, south-west of Newbury, on the Berkshire-Hampshire border, the parish covers 7.78 km$^2$ (3 sq mi), having lost territory in a boundary change of 1991. The village contains scattered settlements such as Ash Tree Corner, Chapel Corner, Holtwood, and Irish Hill. There is a 12th-century church (St Mary's), canine rescue kennels, and the White Hart Inn, Hamstead Marshall's pub for several centuries. The present village hall served until 1933 as the local primary school; it now hosts regular community events as well as private bookings. The former Organic Research Centre at Elm Farm closed in 2019 and its land and buildings sold off.

## History

Hamstead Marshall has three sites of medieval motte-and-bailey castles, all on private land, with one a possible site of Newbury Castle. All are registered historic monuments. William Marshall, who became Earl of Pembroke, was a loyal knight to four kings: Henry II, Richard I, King John, and Henry III and this is when the Marshall suffix was added to the village. The manor house continued to be owned and used by kings and queens throughout the centuries, until it was sold in 1613.
The village was, from 1620 until the 1980s, the seat of the Earls of Craven. William Craven built a mansion there, originally intended as a residence for Charles I's sister, Elizabeth of Bohemia, although she died before construction began. It burnt down in 1718. The Cravens later expanded a hunting lodge to live in instead, and this still stands, privately occupied, in the centre of Hamstead Park. Until the mid-twentieth century the Craven family owned most of the village, but successive sales by the estate put almost all the houses into private ownership by 1980, most of them now owner-occupied.

## Geography

The village landscape comprises farmland, woodland and parkland. No A or B roads traverse this but Hamstead Marshall has bus services. The River Kennet and the Kennet and Avon Canal pass through the northern edge of the village, and the River Enborne marks the southern boundary. About half the property pre-dates 1900, and 32 buildings or structures such as walls are listed buildings. The village has four areas designated sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), these are Hamstead Marshall Pit, Irish Hill Copse, Redhill Wood and the River Kennet.
# Hans Berger (politician)

Hans Berger (28 February 1938 – 6 October 2022) was a German trade unionist and politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). From 1990 to 1998, he served in the Bundestag and served as the chairman of the Union of Mining and Energy (IGBE). Most recently, he was a member of the IG Bergbau, Chemie, Energie (IGBCE).

## Biography

After his primary studies, Berger carried out an apprenticeship in mining from 1953 to 1956 and subsequently worked at the Grube Anna [de] in Alsdorf. Early in his apprenticeship, he became involved in trade unions such as the IGBE and the IGBCE. In 1949, he joined the Socialist Youth of Germany – Falcons. In 1957, he was elected secretary and later chairman of the local IGBE group in Alsdorf. In 1961, he was elected to the works council of the Grube Anna.
From 1964 to 1966, Berger studied at the European Academy of Work [de] in Frankfurt. In 1978, he was appointed district manager of the IGBE in Saarland. In 1984, he was elected to the executive committee, the second presidency in 1988, and presidency of the IGBE in 1990. During his tenure as president, he helped to orchestrate the merger between the IGBE, the Chemical, Paper and Ceramic Union, and the Leather Union.

### Political career

Berger joined the SPD in 1957. He served on the District Council of Aachen from 1972 to 1978 and held numerous positions within the party organization. From 1990 to 1998, he served in the Bundestag, where he worked on the Economic Committee and the Social Policy Committee. He was elected via the state list in North Rhine-Westphalia.

### Death

Hans Berger died in Saarbrücken on 6 October 2022, at the age of 84.

## Awards

* Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
* Peter-Beier-Preis
* Honorary professor of the Technische Hochschule Georg Agricola