OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Cunningham (VC 1916)

Private John Cunningham VC (28 June 1897 – 21 February 1941) was a British Army soldier and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. John was born in Swains Yard off Manley Street, Scunthorpe and was the eldest son of Charles and Mary Cunningham.
Cunningham was 19 years old, and a private in the 12th (Service) Battalion (the 'Hull Sportsmen'), a Pals battalion of the East Yorkshire Regiment in 31st Division during World War I, when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
   On 13 November 1916, the opening day of the Battle of the Ancre (the final offensive of the Battle of the Somme), attacking from opposite Hebuterne the 31st Division was to seize the German trenches and form a defensive flank north of Serre. After the enemy's front line had been captured, Private Cunningham went with a bombing section up a communication trench where much opposition was met and all the rest of the section were either killed or wounded. Collecting all the bombs from the casualties Private Cunningham went on alone and when he had used up all the bombs he had he returned for a fresh supply and again went up the communication trench where he met a party of 10 Germans. He killed all 10 and cleared the trench up to the new line.
His Victoria Cross is displayed at York Army Museum, England.
John was married to Eva Harrison in June 1917 at Hull and had two children, Annie who died in infancy and John who was born in 1920 at Hull. John Cunningham died 20 February 1941 at 5 Beaufort Terrace Campbell Street Hull aged 43 years and his funeral took place in Hull on 24 February 1941, John is buried in grave No: 17509, compartment No; 180 at the Western Cemetery, Kingston upon Hull.
# John C. West (philatelist)

John Clifford West CBE FRPSL FREng (June 1922 – October 2016) was president of the Institution of Electrical Engineers and vice-chancellor of the University of Bradford. He was a philatelist who specialised in Chile and was appointed to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 2000. He was a fellow of the Institute of Paper Conservation and the Royal Philatelic Society London.

## Selected publications

* Post Marks of Valparaiso (joint author)
# Frognal (disambiguation)

Frognal may refer to:
* Frognal, an area of Hampstead, north-west London, England, and a road from Finchley Road to Hampstead
** Finchley Road & Frognal railway station
** Frognal (ward)
** Frognal and Fitzjohns (ward)
* Frognal, Bexley, archaic place name located between Sidcup and Chislehurst in southeast London, England
** Frognal House, a Jacobean mansion in southeast London, England
* Frognal, South Ayrshire, a location in South Ayrshire, Scotland
* Duke of Frognal, a fictional character in the 1954 film The Million Pound Note
# Fuyuan River

The Fuyuan River (Chinese: 富源溪; pinyin: Fùyuán Xī) is a tributary of the Xiuguluan River in Taiwan. Originating from the Dan Mountain, it flows through Hualien County for 28 km (passing through Fuyuan National Forest Recreation Area) before joining Xiuguluan River in Ruisui, Hualien.
# Lokitanyala

Lokitanyala may refer to one of the following:
* Lokitanyala, Kenya, a settlement in West Pokot County, Kenya
* Lokitanyala, Uganda, a settlement in Moroto District, Uganda
# John B. Hynes, III

John B. Hynes, III is the founder, CEO, and Managing Partner of Boston Global Investors.

## Personal life

He is the son of Jack Hynes and the grandson of Mayor John Hynes. He has a son, John B. Hynes IV. He is married to Tracee Hynes and lives in South Boston. His cousin is Barry T. Hynes.
Hynes was graduated from Harvard College and co-captained the 1980 hockey team there. He doubts the dangers of climate change.

## Career

He worked for 10 years as the CEO and managing partner of Gale International where he was part of the master development team of New Songdo City in South Korea. He then left to found Boston Global Investors.
As "a major force in the metamorphosis of the Boston waterfront," Hynes negotiated the land swap deal that brought about the current Our Lady of Good Voyage Shrine and the Seaport Square. His Seaport District land deal in 2006, worth more than $200 million, was by far the most expensive in Boston history.
# Lonicera nitida

Lonicera nitida is a species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family. In English, it is sometimes given the common names box honeysuckle or Wilson's honeysuckle. It is widely used as a low hedging plant, and for topiary. It is also a popular low-maintenance ground cover plant for urban landscaping.
The species is native to China, in the area of Yunnan and West Sichuan, where it grows in scrub form along streams at 1,200–3,000 m (3,900–9,800 ft).

## Description

L. nitida is a broadleaf evergreen shrub 4–5 ft (1.2–1.5 m) tall and 4–6 ft (1.2–1.8 m) wide if unclipped, with dark green, small leaves (6–16 millimeters long). The creamy white, fragrant flowers, appearing at the end of spring, are 6 millimeters long, and grow in pairs. The fruit (rarely formed on clipped specimens) is an inedible bluish-purple berry about 6 millimeters in diameter. The stems are layered one on top of the other giving the appearance of a haystack. The growth rate is moderate or fast growing. While resistant to deer and rabbits, it is attractive to birds. When planted, the species is easy to clip and needs frequent clipping because it flops if it grows to a height over 5 feet. The species is commonly confused with Cotoneaster species. The difference between the two is that Cotoneaster has alternate leaves while this species has opposite leaves.
The Latin specific epithet nitida means "shining', in reference to its glossy leaves.
Cultivars include 'Maigrün', 'Baggesen's Gold' and 'Briloni' (a.k.a. 'Edmee Gold')

## Cultivation

When planted, the species should be put in the full sun to light shade in fertile, well-drained soil. The species is more shade resistant than most honeysuckles. The species can tolerate drought and pollution.
Lonicera nitida takes clipping well and makes a small hedge. The cultivar 'Baggesen's Gold' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
At Osborne House, a holiday home built in 1845 on the Isle of Wight for Queen Victoria and her husband Prince Albert, there are L. nitida shrubs clipped in the form of stags rising from beds of Felicia amelloides, Festuca glauca, and Pelargonium inquinans.
This plant is often used for bonsai. Because it is an energetic grower, it is possible to collect old and quite sizable L. nitida from the landscape or growing wild, cut most of the roots and branches off to start from scratch to build a new tree-like form.
# Lonicera oblongifolia

Lonicera oblongifolia, also known as the swamp honeysuckle and swamp fly honeysuckle is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Caprifoliaceae.
Its native range is the US and Canada.
# Long Creek Township, Carroll County, Arkansas

Long Creek Township is one of twenty-one current townships in Carroll County, Arkansas, USA. As of the 2010 census, its total population was 614.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Long Creek Township covers an area of 43.805 square miles (113.45 km$^2$); 42.834 square miles (110.94 km$^2$) of land and 0.971 square miles (2.51 km$^2$) of water.
# Fundamental representation

In representation theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras, a fundamental representation is an irreducible finite-dimensional representation of a semisimple Lie group or Lie algebra whose highest weight is a fundamental weight. For example, the defining module of a classical Lie group is a fundamental representation. Any finite-dimensional irreducible representation of a semisimple Lie group or Lie algebra can be constructed from the fundamental representations by a procedure due to Élie Cartan. Thus in a certain sense, the fundamental representations are the elementary building blocks for arbitrary finite-dimensional representations.

## Examples

* In the case of the general linear group, all fundamental representations are exterior products of the defining module.
* In the case of the special unitary group SU(n), the n − 1 fundamental representations are the wedge products $\operatorname {Alt} ^{k}\ {\mathbb {C} }^{n}$ consisting of the alternating tensors, for k = 1, 2, ..., n − 1.
* The spin representation of the twofold cover of an odd orthogonal group, the odd spin group, and the two half-spin representations of the twofold cover of an even orthogonal group, the even spinor group, are fundamental representations that cannot be realized in the space of tensors.
* The adjoint representation of the simple Lie group of type E$_8$ is a fundamental representation.

## Explanation

The irreducible representations of a simply-connected compact Lie group are indexed by their highest weights. These weights are the lattice points in an orthant Q+ in the weight lattice of the Lie group consisting of the dominant integral weights. It can be proved that there exists a set of fundamental weights, indexed by the vertices of the Dynkin diagram, such that any dominant integral weight is a non-negative integer linear combination of the fundamental weights. The corresponding irreducible representations are the fundamental representations of the Lie group. From the expansion of a dominant weight in terms of the fundamental weights one can take a corresponding tensor product of the fundamental representations and extract one copy of the irreducible representation corresponding to that dominant weight.

## Other uses

Outside of Lie theory, the term fundamental representation is sometimes loosely used to refer to a smallest-dimensional faithful representation, though this is also often called the standard or defining representation (a term referring more to the history, rather than having a well-defined mathematical meaning).
# Longview metropolitan area

The Longview metropolitan area may refer to:
* The Longview metropolitan area, Texas, United States
* The Longview metropolitan area, Washington, United States
# Fruhling Bros. Artistic Wrought Iron Works

Fruhling Bros. Artistic Wrought Iron Works was an ornamental iron works company located in Los Angeles, California in the late 19th century. Fruhling Bros. Artistic Wrought Iron Works was owned and operated by the brothers William A. Fruhling Jr. and Albert G. Fruhling. In 1891 the company was located at 216 and 218 South Los Angeles Street in Los Angeles. The company manufactured ornamental iron work for balconies, grills, stair rails, fire escapes, guard rails, gates, crestings, fencing, tower ornaments bearing the imprint of Fruhling Bros. that could be seen throughout Southern California. The company also manufactured iron doors, shutters, shutters, stairs, window guards, jail work, truss work, builders' iron supplies, elevator enclosures, along with ornamental brass work.
The company's ornamental iron work was a component of several notable buildings throughout Los Angeles and Southern California, including ornamental iron work on the mansion of Judge Charles Silent, all of the ornamental iron work on the Woman's Christian Temperance Union Building, the stair railing for the old Los Angeles City Hall, and the Abstract Title Building.
# John Cornforth (disambiguation)

John Cornforth (1917–2013) was an Australian–British chemist and Nobel laureate.
John Cornforth may also refer to:
* John Cornforth (footballer) (born 1967), former Wales international footballer
* John Cornforth (historian) (1937–2004), English architectural historian
# Longner Hall

Longner Hall is a Grade I listed country house in Longner, Shropshire, England, some 2 miles (3 km) south-east of Shrewsbury in the civil parish of Atcham.
It is constructed of red sandstone ashlar in two storeys to an irregular L-shaped floor plan with a plain tile roof and stands in a 170-acre (70 hectare) landscaped park. The grade II listed chest tomb of an Edward Burton, refused burial at the then parish church of St Chad's, Shrewsbury on his death in 1558, sits in the grounds.
The hall was built in the Tudor gothic style in 1803 on the site of an earlier house by architect John Nash for Robert Burton, who was High Sheriff of Shropshire for 1804–05. The Burton family had owned the land at Longner since mediaeval times. The gardens were landscaped at the same time by Humphrey Repton. The estate was inherited in 1841 by banker Robert Burton, head of the banking firm of Burton, Lloyd, Salt, How and Co (otherwise known as the Salop Bank) and Mayor of Shrewsbury for a period in 1835 and again in 1843–44. He commissioned the Shrewsbury architect Edward Haycock to alter and extend the house and outbuildings in 1838.
The house is still (2016) privately owned by the Burton family, but guided tours are available on weekday afternoons, at 2 pm and 3.30 pm, from 30 May to 1 July, plus Easter Monday, Early May BH and August BH.(2016)
# London Plan (newspapers)

The London plan is a largely antiquated system of newspaper distribution in which the paper carriers buy newspapers in bulk from the publisher and sell the papers to the reading public for a profit. The plan was imported from London to the United States by Benjamin Day in the nineteenth century.
The New York newsboys' strike of 1899 was organized by newsboys who purchased papers on the London plan, after the New York City newspapers raised their price by 10 cents per 100 papers. This event in turn inspired the Disney musical Newsies.
# Fındıklı, Amasya

Fındıklı, called Foundouklia before the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey, is a neighbourhood of the city Amasya, Amasya District, Amasya Province, Turkey. Its population is 524 (2021).
# John Coventre

John Coventre may refer to:
* John Coventre (MP for Devizes) (died c.1430)
* John Coventre (MP for Chipping Wycombe) (died c.1440)
# Lonely (Frente! EP)

Lonely is the fourth extended play (EP) by Australian alternative rock group Frente!. It was released in Australia in May 1994 and peaked at number seven on the Australian Singles Chart, earning a gold sales certification. Prior to the EP's release, "Lonely" was originally issued as a three-track single in January 1994 and peaked at number 88 on the Australian Singles Chart.

## Track listings

All songs were written by Angie Hart and Simon Austin unless otherwise noted.
Australian CD and maxi-cassette single
* "Lonely"
* "Explode"
* "Get Real" (with Dean and Gene Ween)
* "Not Given Lightly" (Knox)
* "Bizarre Love Triangle" (New Order)
Three-track CD single version
* "Lonely"
* "Explode"
* "Get Real" (with Dean and Gene Ween)

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Lonely (Mao Abe song)

"Lonely" (ロンリー, Ronrī) is Japanese singer-songwriter Mao Abe's fourth physical single, released on June 9, 2010. Unlike her previous singles and albums, this release is only released in one version.

## Promotion

The song was used in a commercial for Calpis Water, starring Umika Kawashima and Hannya member Satoshi Kaneda. The commercial began broadcasting on April 2, 2010. In mid-May 2010, the lyrics of the song were posted to Uta-Net. The song quickly reached #1 on the daily lyrics access ranking, Abe's third song to do this (after "Anata no Koibito ni Naritai no Desu" and "Itsu no Hi mo") On June 13, Abe performed the song on NHK music show Music Japan.

## Music video

The music video was shot by director Hideaki Fukui. It switches between two views of Abe: one where she stands in front of a light brown background as staff members fuss over her appearance. The second is when the background falls away and she performs the song with a band. The type of band switches between two types: a standard four piece band, with guitars and a drum set, and a marching band-style line of men in gaucho hats and marching drums, with two men swinging flags behind them. After the marching band performance, the scene changes to that of Abe sitting on a chair playing her acoustic guitar. As she sits up and performs into the microphone, the room is filled with the members of both types of band.
The music video consists of only three shots: from the start until Abe is fussed over a second time, a short clip filmed from a hand-held camera during this, and from this point until the finale.

## Reception

The song began by charting lowly on Billboard's Japan Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary Airplay charts for several weeks. Eventually it would peak at #5 and #4 on these charts respectively. On Oricon's physical singles chart, it debuted at #22 in its first week, selling 6,700 copies. it debuted at #19 a week before its wide release on RIAJ's Digital Track Chart.

## Track listing

All songs written by Mao Abe.

## Chart rankings

| Chart | Peak position |
| Billboard Japan Hot 100 | 5 |
| Billboard Adult Contemporary Airplay | 4 |
| Oricon daily singles chart | 15 |
| Oricon weekly singles chart | 22 |
| RIAJ Digital Track Chart Top 100 | 19 |

### Reported sales

| Chart | Amount |
| Oricon physical sales | 9,500 |
# GAMA202627

GAMA202627 (also known as G202627 or PGC 165514) is a barred spiral galaxy similar to our own Milky Way, located 700 million light-years from Earth in the Hydra constellation.
The galaxy was described in a 2012 paper by astronomer Dr Aaron Robotham, jointly from the University of Western Australia node of the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) and the University of St Andrews in Scotland, when he searched for groups of galaxies similar to ours in the most detailed map of the local Universe yet, the Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey (GAMA). The Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey is an international collaboration led from ICRAR and the Australian Astronomical Observatory to map our local Universe in closer detail. The galaxy has a redshift measured at z = 0.051219 +/- 0.000123, which corresponds to a distance of 705 Mly, or 216 Mpc.
Dr Robotham noted, "We found about 3% of galaxies similar to the Milky Way have companion galaxies like the Magellanic Clouds, which is very rare indeed. In total we found 14 galaxy systems that are similar to ours, with two of those being an almost exact match."
The Milky Way is surrounded by its close companions, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, which are visible in the southern sky. Many galaxies have smaller galaxies in orbit around them, but few have two that are as large as the Magellanic Clouds. That is why GAMA202627 is so unique as it has two massive satellite galaxies in close proximity.
# Loren Madsen

Loren Madsen (born 1943) is an American sculptor. Madsen has been cited for his innovations in representing data through sculpture. Madsen has created a carved wood sculpture that visualized the American defense budget, A 1994 work titled CPI visualized changes in the consumer price index.
His work is included in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts Houston, the Anderson Collection at Stanford University, and the Art Gallery of New South Wales. His personal papers are held in the Archives of American Art.
# Furcivena cyanoxantha

Furcivena cyanoxantha is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1933. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Lord Buddha Education Foundation

Lord Buddha Education Foundation (LBEF) is an IT college located at Maitidevi, Kathmandu, Nepal. It is affiliated under Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation (Malaysia) and these courses are recognised by Tribhuvan University of Nepal. Founded in 1998, the LBEF, a non-profit, non-government organization, covers a broad range of academic disciplines. More than 10,000 students have over the years graduated from LBEF group of institutions.
* This Nepalese university, college or other education institution article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Lord Burns

Lord Burns may refer to either:
* David Burns, Lord Burns, Scottish judge
* Terence Burns, Baron Burns, life peer
# Further Tales of the City (novel)

Further Tales of the City (1982) is the third book in the Tales of the City series by San Francisco novelist Armistead Maupin, originally serialized in the San Francisco Chronicle. It was adapted into the 2001 miniseries Further Tales of the City.
This novel takes place in 1981 during the first year of the Reagan Administration and imagines that the real-life figure of Jim Jones survives the Jonestown massacre. The book also captures the tail end of the post-Stonewall, pre-AIDS era of decadence in the gay culture of the early 1980s as the Michael Tolliver character explores his promiscuous side after breaking up with Jon Fielding.
# LongRun

LongRun and LongRun2 are power management technologies introduced by Transmeta. LongRun was introduced with the Crusoe processor, while LongRun2 was introduced with the Efficeon processor. LongRun2 has since been licensed to Fujitsu, NEC, Sony, Toshiba, and NVIDIA.
LongRun automatically adjusted the processor, moving between higher performance but higher power, and lower power but lower performance. The goals of the automation could be adjusted. One control offered processor frequency levels, and the ability to set a minimum and maximum "window", where the automatic controls would not adjust the speed outside of the window. A second control offered a target of either "economy" or "performance". Some versions offered a third control that adjusted the processor based on power rather than speed.
LongRun was based primarily on reducing the clock frequency and voltage supplied to the processor, now commonly called DVFS. Lower frequency reduces performance but also allows voltage reduction, and can yield both power savings and improved efficiency. LongRun2 built further on this by incorporating process technology aimed at reducing variations in the manufacturing process and thereby improving yields.
# Gadsden High School

Gadsden High School, or variants thereof, may refer to:
* East Gadsden High School, former name of Gadsden County High School (below)
* Gadsden City High School, Gadsden, Alabama
* Gadsden County High School, Gadsden County, Florida
* Gadsden High School (Alabama), Gadsden, Alabama (defunct)
* Gadsden High School (New Mexico), in unincorporated Doña Ana County, New Mexico
* West Gadsden High School, adjacent to the city of Greensboro in Gadsden County, Florida
# Gadsden Depot

Gadsden Depot is a United States military depot for storage of industrial materials in the city of Gadsden, Alabama. The facility was known as Gadsden Air Force Station until deactivation in 1961. During World War II, it was referred to as Army Air Force Specialized Depot #829. The facility is now an industrial park used by various firms. One side is also adjacent to the city of Glencoe.
# Look at These Eyes

Look at These Eyes is the first EP from Austrian melodic metalcore band Sympathy for Nothing. It was released in 2008 and was sold at the semi-finals of Austrian Band Contest. It consists of six tracks.

## Track listing

* Way
* Promise
* Consequence
* Look at these eyes
* Brainkiller
* Powerless Boy