OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ludwig Plagge

Ludwig Plagge (13 January 1910 – 24 January 1948) was an SS-Oberscharführer and member of staff at Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, and Majdanek concentration camps. He was prosecuted at the Auschwitz Trial, and executed for war crimes.

## Life

Born in Landesbergen, Plagge completed eight years of school and became a farmer. He joined the Nazi party on 1 December 1931, and the SS in October 1934, with the membership number 270620. On 20 November 1939 he began active service and was assigned to Sachsenhausen concentration camp where he stayed until the end of June 1940. He was subsequently posted to Auschwitz in July 1940, and was one of the first SS men there.
He remained there until 4 October 1943. His roles included Blockführer (Block leader) (including in Block 11, the death block) and SS Rapportführer. In the gypsy camp in Birkenau he had the role of deputy roll call leader from its opening through autumn 1943, and in the summer was also acting protective custody leader (Schutzhaftlagerführer). From Auschwitz he was posted to the Majdanek camp in Lublin, then in 1944 he was in Flossenbürg concentration camp. From 19 March to 23 April 1945 he was the senior command leader of the Regensburg subcamp of Flossenbürg. He was also a member of Lebensborn.
Plagge was noted for his brutality, particularly to Jews. He participated in the gassing of thousands of Sinti and Roma people, and Jews from Theresienstadt.
He was known for submitting prisoners to punishment in the form of physical exercises, known as "sport" in the camp. Prisoners in quarantine were also made to do these exercises. On demand, a group of prisoners were expected to undertake any action, such as walking, singing, running, crawling on one's elbows and tips of the toes, roll around on the ground covered with gravel and crushed bricks, etc. Plagge was a specialist in the invention of these exercises, which were to be performed very quickly without any regard to the age and health of the prisoners. He would make prisoners run for hours while carrying his pipe between his teeth, and hit those who fell, forcing them to carry on. Prisoners nicknamed him das Pfeifchen (the little pipe).

## Trial

Plagge was prosecuted by the Supreme National Tribunal at the Auschwitz Trial in Kraków. During the trial he admitted to only beating prisoners. Hoping his life would be spared, he told the court that after atonement for his crimes, he will be regarded as a good man, but was sentenced to death due to the overwhelming evidence against him. He was executed on 24 January 1948 by hanging in Montelupich Prison, Kraków.
# Ludwig Pose

Johannes Andreas Ludwig Pose (8 December 1786, Berlin - 28 April 1877, Frankfurt am Main) was a German decorative painter in the Classical style.

## Biography

He was the eldest son born to Unteroffizier Johann Ferdinand Pose, originally from Kotzen and his wife, Luise Dorothea née Thiele. Several of his younger brothers became well known; including Friedrich Pose (1793–1870), also a decorative painter, and Eduard Pose (1803–1873), a theater manager.
His displays of artistic talent led to an enrollment at the Berliner Kunstakademie. His primary instructor there was Johann Wilhelm Meil [de], a landscape and flower painter. Sometime in the 1800s, he went to Düsseldorf, where he first began working as a decorative painter. He worked for both noble and middle-class families, throughout the region. He also ran a small shop that sold art materials. In 1809, he married Barbara Gerhards (1788–1835). They had a daughter, Elise (1810–1894), who would marry the architect, Max Joseph Custodis [de]; and a son, Eduard Wilhelm, who became a landscape painter associated with the Düsseldorfer Malerschule.
He often worked together with the architect, Adolph von Vagedes [de]. This resulted in his first major commission; the auditorium of the Theater Aachen (1823). His largest and best known projects were at the Wiesbaden City Palace, where he worked from 1839 to 1842, and again in 1851. His decorations featured a wide variety of arabesques, flowers, butterflies, birds and other small animals. He was also consulted when the furniture was selected for the salons.
Several of his apprentices went on to become familiar artists; including Ernst Willers [de] and Julius Rollmann [de], as well as his son Eduard. In 1845, he decided to relocate to Frankfurt am Main, where he lived with Eduard and his wife Pauline. He lived in Wiesbaden from 1860 to 1874, when he went back to live with Eduard, who was then a widower. He died there three years later.

## Sources

* Rolf Bidlingmaier: "Ludwig Pose (1786–1877). Ein deutscher Dekorationsmaler des Klassizismus", In: Denkmalpflege & Kulturgeschichte. Vol.4, 2012, pp.17–26
* "Pose, Ludwig". In: Hans Vollmer (Ed.): Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Vol.27: Piermaria–Ramsdell. E. A. Seemann, Leipzig 1933, pg.294
# Equestrian statue of Anthony Wayne

Anthony Wayne is a gilded bronze equestrian sculpture of Anthony Wayne, by John Gregory at the Philadelphia Museum of Art. It is located at 26th Street and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. It was dedicated on September 17, 1937.
The inscription reads: (Base, plaques on both north and south sides:)
Sons of the Revolution Exegi Monumentum Aere Perennius 1776–1883
(Base, north side above plaque, in raised letters:)
Anthony Wayne 1745–1796
The inscription at the foot of base reads: Anthony Wayne A memorial of his valour a tribute to his achievements in the War of Independence The Pennsylvania Society Sons of the Revolution Here inscribe his name in honor 1937.
# Epicopeia mencia

Epicopeia mencia is a moth in the family Epicopeiidae. It was described by Frederic Moore in 1875. It is found in China, Vietnam, Korea, the Russian Far East, Japan and Taiwan.
The wingspan is about 60 mm.
The larvae feed on Ulmus species. There is one generation per year. The species overwinters in the pupal stage.
# Epicopeia caroli

Epicopeia caroli is a moth in the family Epicopeiidae. It was described by Janet in 1909. It is found in China.

## Subspecies

* Epicopeia caroli caroli
* Epicopeia caroli fukienensis Chu & Wang 1981
* Epicopeia caroli tienmuensis Chu & Wang, 1981
# Epicopeia philenora

Epicopeia philenora is a moth in the family Epicopeiidae. It was described by John O. Westwood in 1841. It is found in India.
# Eric Horsted

Eric Horsted is an American television writer. He has written for several shows, including Home Improvement, Coach, Futurama, Fanboy & Chum Chum, Out of Jimmy's Head and The Simpsons.

## Writing credits
### Coach episodes

* "About Face"
* "Uneasy Riders"
* "The Devil in Mrs. Burleigh"
* "Something Old, Something New"
* "My Best Friend's Girl"
* "Jailbirds"
* "The Walk-On"
* "Kelly's New Guy: Part 1"
* "Fool for Lunch"
* "Dauber's Vehicle"
* "Somebody's Baby"

### Fanboy & Chum Chum episodes

* "The Janitor Strikes Back"
* "Fanboy Stinks"
* "I, Fanbot"
* "Chimp Chomp Chumps"
* "Precious Pig"
* "Monster in the Mist"
* "Night Morning"
* "Secret Shopper"
* "Little Glop of Horrors"
* "Refill Madness"
* "The Tell-Tale Toy"
* "Sigmund the Sorcerer"
* "Strings Attached"
* "Fanbidextrous"
* "Saving Private Chum Chum"
* "Jingle Fever"
* "The Incredible Chulk"
* "The Great Bicycle Mystery"
* "A Bopwork Orange"

### Futurama episodes

* "I, Roommate"
* "A Flight to Remember"
* "The Lesser of Two Evils"
* "Bender Gets Made"
* "War Is the H-Word"
* "Bendless Love"
* "Bendin' in the Wind"
* "A Taste of Freedom"
* Bender's Game
* "Lethal Inspection"
* "The Mutants Are Revolting"
* "Yo Leela Leela"
* "The Bots and the Bees"
* "Near-Death Wish"
* "Leela and the Genestalk"
* "Stench and Stenchibility"
* "Children of a Lesser Bog"
* "The One Amigo"

### Reba episodes

* "Someone's at Gyno with Reba"
* "Vanny Dearest"

### The Simpsons

* "Orange Is the New Yellow"

### Disenchantment

* "Swamp and Circumstance"
# Eric and Mary

Eric and Mary was an Australian television programme which aired in 1956. It was one of the earliest Australian-produced television series. It was an "informal programme with guest artists", likely an interview show, hosted by Eric Pearce (later Sir Eric) and Mary Parker. It was broadcast on Melbourne station HSV-7. The station began broadcasting on 4 November 1956, and Eric and Mary debuted a few days later on the 7th.
Broadcast in a 15-minute time-slot at 7:15 PM on Wednesdays, the series had no competition in the time-slot when it debuted, as there were no other television stations in Melbourne until 19 November 1956 when ABV-2 began broadcasting. On 21 November 1956 the series competed in its time-slot against ABV-2's broadcast of Miss Pilgrim's Progress, a 1950 British film. Later episodes competed against American music series Florian Zabach and later by American sitcom The Life of Riley.
It was preceded on HSV-7's schedule by a 15-minute newscast and followed by U.S. series The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin.
# Lycaena thersamon

Lycaena thersamon, the lesser fiery copper, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found from Eastern Europe, Italy and South-East Europe to Mongolia and North-Western China.
The wingspan is 14–16 mm. The butterfly flies from April to October depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Polygonum aviculare, and possibly other Polygonaceae species.

## Description from Seitz

C. thersamon Esp. (= xanthe Hhn.) (76 e). Bright golden red; but the hindwing, also in the male, so much dusted with dark scaling that a light submarginal band contrasts with the ground. On the underside the disc of the forewing and the submarginal band of the hindwing both cinnabar-red, contrasting with the grey ground. South-east Europe, the eastern districts of Italy opposite the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor and Turkestan, extending north-westwards to Hungary, Bohemia and Saxony. — omphale Klug (76 e) is the short-tailed summer-form, which flies from July until September. — In persica Bien. the upperside is very fiery and the dots of the median row on the hindwing beneath are larger; in the sub-alpine region of the mountains north-west of El Meshed (Persia). — alaica Gr.-Grsh. is washed with dark on the upperside, and has the underside more yellowish with larger dots. Ferghana. — Larva green, with swollen segments, the dorsal line yellow, thinly divided, the side-line likewise yellow, between the two lines darker oblique smears; head and legs brown; adult in June and again in the autumn on Sarothamnus and Rumex. The pupa evenly rounded, dark brown. The butterflies occur as tailless form in April and May, and again as omphale from July onward, flying on dry sunny hillsides, not being rare at their flight-places.
# Ericodesma antilecta

Ericodesma antilecta is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Tasmania.
The wingspan is about 16.5 mm.
# Lynn Walford

Lynn Walford is a Los Angeles writer, editor, copywriter and author. Her work includes numerous news stories, feature articles, brochures, online media, magazine articles and a book. Her most recent feature articles focus on connected cars, technology, wireless, financial technology, mobile content, and business.
Walford graduated from Pomona College and is the former treasurer of The Book Publicists of Southern California. She was formerly on the board of directors of the Independent Writers of Southern California. She presently runs Freelance Writer Now and writes freelance articles for major automotive technology publications.
# LysC

LysC is a prokaryotic aspartokinase involved in the biosynthesis of the amino acid lysine. It is found in a variety of bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum. It is notable for containing a riboswitch, a structure in its messenger RNA that prevents its translation when bound to lysine. Such lysine riboswitch thus acts as a mechanism of negative feedback.
# Lye Valley

Lye Valley is a 2.3-hectare (5.7-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Headington, a suburb of Oxford in Oxfordshire. It is part of the 4.5-hectare (11-acre) Lye Valley Local Nature Reserve, which is owned and managed by Oxford City Council.
The site contains a range of habitats including spring-fed lowland fen, dominated by rushes and sedges, a variety of ponds, and wet woodland with small representations of lowland calcareous grassland, wood pasture and parkland. Lye Valley has one of the best examples in the country of a calcareous valley fen, a nationally rare habitat. The plant and animal species of the Lye Valley fen are thought to have lived there since they colonised the spring areas after the retreat of the last ice age between eight and ten thousand years ago.
The site has been studied by botanists since the 17th century and attracted particular interest in the Victorian era. More than 300 species of vascular plants have been recorded in the area, though some of them have not been found in recent years. Rare plants include grass-of-Parnassus and marsh helleborine orchid, which are on the Red List of Threatened Species compiled by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Bird species found in the valley include reed warbler, reed bunting, water rail and snipe.
# Eric Torkelson

Eric Grove Torkelson (born March 3, 1952) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for seven seasons with the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from (1974–1979 and 1981).
He was the first football player from Burnt Hills-Ballston Lake High School to reach the NFL.
# Eric Towner

Eric Towner is an American producer, writer, director and animator best known for his work on Adult Swim's Robot Chicken and Netflix's Buddy Thunderstruck.

## Career

In 2005, Towner founded a studio named Stoopid Monkey with Seth Green, John Harvatine IV and Matthew Senreich. He started a show called Robot Chicken and became an executive producer for it. He soon started working on more shows like Micro Mayhem, WWE Slam City, Camp WWE and Buddy Thunderstruck. As of 2011, It was renamed Stoopid Buddy Stoodios.
Towner and Harvatine are going to direct a stop-motion/live-action hybrid named Superbago. He started 2 Robot Chicken couch gags on The Simpsons with Seth Green, John Harvatine IV, Matthew Senreich and Tom Root. His first interactive creation was Buddy Thunderstruck: The Maybe Pile.

## Work

* Bratz
* Buddy Thunderstruck
* Lego Scooby-Doo
* Hot Streets
* Blark and Son
* Camp WWE
* Changeland
* The Grand Slams
* Toasty Tales
* Robot Chicken
* SuperMansion
* Friendship All-Stars
* Monster Island
* Sunday Paper p. 2B
* The Madden 16
* The Simpsons
* M.O.D.O.K
# Ernie Winburn

Earnest E. Winburn (April 26, 1897 – November 25, 1953) was an American football end who played one season for the St. Louis All-Stars of the National Football League (NFL). He played in 1923, the All-Stars' only season.
Winburn was born on April 26, 1897, in either Lee's Summit, Missouri or Belton, Missouri. He went to two high schools: Lee's Summit High School and Wentworth Military School, both in Missouri. He went to Central Missouri State College and played football there, being one of only eight "Mules" to ever play in the NFL. In 1923, Winburn played his first and only season professionally, playing in one game for the St. Louis All-Stars. During his one season, he was 5 feet 11 inches tall, and 175 pounds. Winburn did not make any appearances after the season as the All-Stars folded from the league. Winburn died on November 25, 1953, at the age of 56.
# Lumumba (band)

Lumumba was an Argentine reggae band created in the 90's by Fidel Nadal, his friend, Pablo Molina (both, formerly from Todos Tus Muertos) and his brother Amílcar Nadal. It was named after Patrice Lumumba (the first legally elected Prime Minister of the Congo). This project helped Fidel Nadal start his solo career.
In its short but productive history, it released 4 albums which met with approval by followers of reggae, but then it was dissolved. In 2000 the group split up and each of the members pursued their solo careers.
In 2014, after 14 years, the group confirmed their return with the three members. On Saturday July 19, 2014, Fidel, Pablo and Amílcar performed a live sold-out show at the Groove in Buenos Aires, and added a second show. With the success of their return, they decided to tour Latin America, which included trips throughout Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico and Colombia.
In 2018, Lumumba released two new singles: "Aunk Aunk" and "Lejos de Mí".

## Discography

* Lumumba (1996)
* Raíces y Cultura (1997)
* Se Viene El Bum (1999)
* En Vivo (2000)
# Lupinoblennius

Lupinoblennius is a genus of combtooth blennies found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

## Species

There are currently three recognized species in this genus:
* Lupinoblennius nicholsi (Tavolga, 1954) (Highfin blenny)
* Lupinoblennius paivai (S. Y. Pinto, 1958) (Paiva's blenny)
* Lupinoblennius vinctus (Poey, 1867) (Mangrove blenny)
# Ernestas Ežerskis

Ernestas Ežerskis (born 5 May 1987 in Panevėžys, Lithuanian SSR) is a Lithuanian professional basketball player, for Lietkabelis Panevėžys of the Lithuanian Basketball League, but on loan for BC Ežerūnas of the National Basketball League (Lithuania) . He plays the point guard position.

## Career

In September 2007, Ežerskis joined KR of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild karla on loan from Lietuvos Rytas. His first game with KR was against Snæfell in the Icelandic Company Cup finals where he scored 3 points. In his next game, during Icelandic Super Cup where he went scoreless in 9 minutes of playing time. His best game, and ultimately his last game for KR, came against Fjölnir in the Úrvalsdeild karla where he scored 15 points in 19 minutes. After the game he left KR and returned to Rytas.
# Ernobius angusticollis

Ernobius angusticollis is a species of beetle in the family Ptinidae.
# Luzzago Altarpiece

The Luzzago Altarpiece is a 1542 oil on canvas painting by Moretto da Brescia, now in the Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo in Brescia. It was recorded in San Giuseppe church in Brescia in 1630 and moved to its present home in 1868. In the lower register Michael the Archangel points the kneeling donor to the Madonna and Child above, whilst Francis of Assisi stands to the right with a cross.
# Ervedosa

Ervedosa may refer to the following places in Portugal:
* Ervedosa (Pinhel), a civil parish in the Pinhel Municipality
* Ervedosa (Vinhais), a civil parish in the municipality of Vinhais
* Ervedosa do Douro, a civil parish in the municipality of São João da Pesqueira
# Ernesto Segura

Ernesto Segura (October 24, 1914 - March 13, 1972) was a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires from 1962 till his death in 1972.

## Life

Born in Mar del Plata, Segura was ordained to the priesthood on October 29, 1939.
On April 7, 1962, he was appointed auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires and titular bishop of Carpi. Segura received his episcopal consecration on the following April 29 from Antonio Cardinal Caggiano, archbishop of Buenos Aires, with the archbishop of Santa Fe, Nicolás Fasolino, who would later become a cardinal, and the bishop of Santiago del Estero, Manuel Tato, serving as co-consecrators.
Tomé was a council father at the first, second, third and fourth session of the Second Vatican Council.
He died on March 13, 1972
# Lía Bermúdez

Lía Bermúdez (4 August 1930 – 22 October 2021) was a Venezuelan sculptor.
Bermúdez was born in Caracas. She began her studies at the School of Applied Arts in Caracas (1944–1946) and moved to Maracaibo. There in 1947, she continued her studies at the Escuela de Bellas Artes. She was a student of the masters Francisco Narváez and Julio Maragall.
Major exhibitions: Centro de Bellas Artes, Maracaibo, Zulia State, 1957, Ateneo de Valencia, Carabobo State, 1966, Gallery of Visual Arts, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Museum of Modern Art of Latin America, Washington, DC, 1979, Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Caracas, 1989. In 1992, this museum presented a retrospective of her work.
She was awarded the Order of the Liberator Knighthood, an award from the University of Carabobo, Zulia Governor's Award, Order of Maracaibo City in the first class, Order of Francisco de Miranda, Ana Maria Campos decoration and the National Prize of Plastic Arts of Venezuela 2006 amongst others.
She died at her home in Caracas on 22 October 2021, aged 91.
# Luvubu and Letaba Water Management Area

Luvubu and Letaba Water Management Area in South Africa includes major South African rivers. The area is also known as "Levubu and Letaba Water Management Area (coded: 2)" and "Luvuvhu and Groot Letaba WMA". The WMA includes the following rivers: Mutale River, Luvuvhu River and Letaba River, and covers these dams:
* Albasini Dam, Luvuvhu River
* Dap Naudé Dam, Broederstroom River
* Ebenezer Dam, Letsitele River
* Hans Merensky Dam, Ramadipa River
* Magoebaskloof Dam, Politsi River
* Middle Letaba Dam, Middle Letaba River
* Nandoni Dam, Levhuvhu River
* Nsami Dam, Nsama River
* Tzaneen Dam, Groot Letaba River
* Vergelegen Dam, Politsi tributary
* Vondo Dam, Mutshindudi River

## Boundaries

Tertiary drainage regions A91, A92, B81 to B83 and B90.
# Es lebe der Sport

"Es lebe der Sport" is a song recorded in 1982 by Austrian singer Rainhard Fendrich. It reached #7 in the Austrian charts plus #54 in the German Charts. It is a humoristic song about accidents in sports.
# Espreso

Espreso may refer to:
* Espresso
* Espreso TV
# M. Chandrappa

M. Chandrappa (born 10 May 1957) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. He is an MLA from Holalkere Assembly constituency which is reserved for SC community in Chitradurga district. He won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election representing Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Early life and education

Chandrappa is from Chitradurga. He is the son of Masiyappa. He completed his graduation in Arts in 1989.

## Career

Chandrappa won as an MLA for the third time from Holalkere Assembly constituency representing Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election. He polled 88,732 votes and defeated his nearest rival, H. Anjaneya of Indian National Congress, by a narrow margin of 5,682 votes. In March 2024, his son was denied a BJP ticket to contest the Lok Sabha election from Chitradurga. He was first elected as an MLA winning the 2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election. In 2008, he defeated H. Anjaneya of Indian National Congress by a margin of 15,368 votes. He won for the second time winning the 2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election.
# M. Chat

M. Chat (also known as Monsieur Chat and Mr Chat) is the name of a graffiti cat that originally appeared in Orléans, France in 1997. The graffiti appeared most frequently on chimneys, but was also sighted in other places, such as train platforms and at political rallies. The artist was originally anonymous, but in 2007 Thoma Vuille was caught in the act of creating the cat.
The yellow cartoon cat is characterized by its large Cheshire Cat grin and body. The cat is most often portrayed in a running pose, but has also been variously depicted waving signal flags, bouncing on a ball, sporting angel wings, and waving in greeting at the entrance to a train station. It is sometimes accompanied by the tag "M. Chat" in small letters.
A 2004 documentary, Chats perchés (The Case of the Grinning Cat), by film maker Chris Marker, used the phenomenon of M. Chat's appearance across France as a springboard for a reflection on the state of the country post-9/11.
During a 2010 exhibition in Paris, Vuille claimed to have 60 cats across the French capital.
There are currently two in New York City, of which one is on the High Line at 28th Street. Another example was located on the SE Corner of 27th and 8th Avenue by the FIT Museum, but has since been covered by other graffiti. There is one on a barn in Stamford, Vermont.
There are currently three in Pristina, Kosovo on the central pedestrianised area. One on the side of the National Theatre. There are some in Vietnam, too. Additionally, there are several in Naples, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Belgrade, Serbia. One has also been seen in Seoul, South Korea and one in Tangier, Morocco.