OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eretis vaga

Eretis vaga is a species of butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Katanga Province), Uganda, western Kenya, north-western Tanzania and Zambia. They live in forests.
# Clarence Walworth Alvord

Clarence Walworth Alvord (May 21, 1868 in Greenfield, Massachusetts – January 24, 1928) was an American history professor, and winner of the 1918 Loubat Prize for his book The Mississippi Valley in British Politics. He is known for his historical research of the American frontier. Alvord spent most of his career at the University of Illinois, where between 1897 and 1920 he worked his way up the academic ranks from prep school teacher to full professor of history.
Alvord was born in Massachusetts on May 21, 1868. He graduated from Williams College in 1891. He studied history at Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin from 1893 to 1895 and at the University of Chicago in 1896. He received his PhD in 1908 from the University of Illinois.
He taught in the Preparatory School of the University of Illinois from 1897-1901. He joined the faculty in 1901, first as instructor from 1901 to 1906; as associate from 1906 to 1907; as assistant professor from 1907 to 1909; as associate professor from 1909 to 1913; and as professor from 1913-1920.
In 1926 he was the first non-British person to give the University of London's Creighton Lecture.
After years of illness, he died in Diano Marina, near Genoa in Italy on January 24, 1928.
He married twice and had one daughter.
# Conejos River

The Conejos River is a tributary of the Rio Grande, approximately 92.5 miles (148.9 km) long, in south-central Colorado in the United States. It drains a scenic area of the eastern San Juan Mountains west of the San Luis Valley.

## Description

It rises from snowmelt along the continental divide west of Conejos Peak in western Conejos County, approximately 15 miles (24 km) northeast of Pagosa Springs. It flows briefly northeast, through Platoro Reservoir, then southeast through the Rio Grande National Forest, then east along the New Mexico border through a scenic canyon. It enters the southwestern corner of the San Luis Valley from the west near Conejos and joins the Rio Grande from the west approximately 15 mi (24 km) southeast of Alamosa. It is impounded at Platoro Reservoir for flood control and to manage irrigation in the San Luis Valley, as part of the San Luis Valley Project of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
The river is wide and shallow along much of its course. It descends steeply in several areas, including Pinnacle Canyon, a popular destination for whitewater rafting.
Off-limits to white settlement during the New Spain years, the river was the site of early land grants to settlers from the government of Mexico in the 1830s. The first settlement of 50 families along the river, in the Guadalupe Grant in 1833, was destroyed in an attack by Native Americans. José Jacques established the first white settlement on the river in 1851. The town of Conejos was founded in 1854 by Lafayette Head, who later became the first lieutenant governor of Colorado.
# Craspedodiscus

{{wikispecies}} Craspedodiscus may refer to:
* Craspedodiscus (diatom), a diatom genus in the family Coscinodiscaceae
* Craspedodiscus (ammonite), an ammonite genus from the mid Early Cretaceous in the family Olcostephanitidae
# Thomas Marlowe

Thomas Marlowe (18 March 1868 – 5 December 1935) was a British newspaper editor.
Born in Portsmouth, Marlowe studied medicine at Queen's College, Galway, and then at the London Hospital. Around this time, he was associated with the Social Democratic Federation. He left his studies, without graduating, when he was offered the chance to train as a journalist at The Star.
In 1896, the Daily Mail was founded, and Marlowe was appointed by Alfred Harmsworth as its News Editor and chief-of-staff, then in 1899, he was appointed as the newspaper's editor. Marlowe occasionally came into conflict with Northcliffe, in particular at the start of World War I when Northcliffe opposed sending British troops overseas, but Marlowe persuaded him to change his mind.
Ahead of the 1924 UK general election, Marlowe published the Zinoviev letter, a fake document purporting to show Soviet interference in British politics. For the rest of his life, Marlowe claimed that the letter was genuine, and that if he had not published it, the Foreign Office would have kept it secret until after the election.
From 1918, Marlowe was additionally the chair of Associated Newspapers. He retired from all his posts in 1926, and died nine years later.
# Crosby Hall

Crosby Hall may refer to:
* Crosby Hall, London, a Grade II* listed building in Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, London, England
* Crosby Hall, Liverpool, an ancient building near Liverpool, England
# European Institute of Education

The eie European Business School (eie) (formerly known as European Institute of Education) is a government licensed higher education institution based in St. Julians, Malta.
The business school was established in 2000. Student recruitment offices operate in various European and Asian cities. It provides Malta Government Scholarship Scheme to its Students.
eie conducts various courses in business and management at academic level and also executive courses (executive education).
A collaboration agreement has been signed between the European Institute of Education and the Young Entrepreneurs and Leaders Organisation (YEL).
# Koumasa

Koumasa is the archaeological site of a prepalatial cemetery on Crete. The cemetery is located between the villages of Loukia and Koumasa near the southern border of the Mesara plain, right at the foothills of the Asterousia-Mountains. This Minoan archaeological site was first excavated by Stephanos Xanthoudides from 1904 to 1906, which was published in The vaulted tombs of Mesara. After another campaign within the years 1991 and 1992 by Alexandra Karetsou and Athanasia Kanta, the site is investigated by the University of Heidelberg supervised by Prof. Dr. Diamantis Panagiotopoulos.

## Archaeological Area

The site contained four tombs; three tholos tombs and one rectangular tomb. Circa 10 meters in diameter and a couple of meters in height, Minoan tholoi are considered to be the tombs of the elite and often richly-stocked with valuable objects. Though the site is known mainly for these sepulchral remains, as being part of Xanthoudides fundamental studies, the site extends further to the east. There, on the steep slope as well as on top of the mound itself, Minoan archaeologists expect the position of the actual city and a precinct of bronze-age Koumasa.

## Investigation

After Xanthoudides excavation back at the beginning of the 20th century, Koumasa was robbed and declined until 1991, when Alexandra Karetsou and Athanasia Kanta redirected the attention to the very promising site. The excavations went on until 1992, but were dropped afterwards. With the permission of the Greek ephory (Εφορεία Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων) the site is since 2012 under investigation again by a multi-year interdisciplinary research programme of the University of Heidelberg, under the direction von Prof. Dr. Diamantis Panagiotopoulos. The aim is to further investigate the site and its immediate landscape with both archaeological and scientific methods. Within this project experts of the geographical Institute of Heidelberg, supervised by Prof. Dr. Olaf Bubenzer, examine the Koumasa-Area with Terrestrial-Laser-Scanning. In cooperation with the Ben Gurion University of the Negev micromorphological specialists, supervised by Prof. Dr. Yuval Goren, contribute as a third part to the interdisciplinary project.

## Archaeological finds

Pottery is of the Early Minoan IIA Koumasa style (hence the name of the site).
* Clay and stone vases
* Seals
* Figurines
* Tools
* 3 Silver Daggers
# Koumba

Koumba is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jean Koumba (born 1983), basketball player from the Republic of the Congo
* Justin Koumba (born 1947), Congolese politician
# Kopriva, Sežana

Kopriva (pronounced) is a village in the Municipality of Sežana in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

## Church

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Prophet Elijah and belongs to the Diocese of Koper.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Kopriva include:
* Josip Križaj (1911–1948), military pilot
* Branka Jurca (1914–1999), author
# Privy

Privy is an old-fashioned term for an outdoor toilet, often known as an outhouse and by many other names. Privy may also refer to:
* Privy council, a body that advises the head of state
* Privy mark, a small mark in the design of a coin
* Privy Purse, the British sovereign's private income
# Procambarus bouvieri

Procambarus bouvieri is a species of crayfish in the genus Procambarus, endemic to the Michoacán region of Mexico. It was formerly the only species in the subgenus Mexicambarus.
# Procambarus delicatus

Procambarus delicatus, sometimes called the big-cheeked cave crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to a single spring in the Ocala National Forest, Lake County, Florida.
It is considered Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) by the IUCN Redlist, having not been seen since 1976.
# Procambarus brazoriensis

Procambarus brazoriensis, the Brazoria crayfish, is a species of crayfish which is endemic to Brazoria County, Texas. It is listed as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List.
# Direct debit dividend contributions

Direct Debit Dividend Contributions also known as 3DC are payments made towards shareholders for shares which have been issued on credit.
Issuing stock on credit is considered appropriate when a Stakeholder (such as company's founder or other key person) wishes to retain involvement in a business but is unable to raise the capital required to pay for stock. In such circumstances the company's shareholders may agree to issue the desired level of stock against a plan where shares must be paid for through direct debit dividend contributions. 3DC differs from Stock options in that the recipient is awarded shareholder status from the moment the 3DC arrangement is agreed.
3DC is often regarded as a reward for efforts achieved (usually for the groundwork required in setting up a new business). It also serves as an incentive to ensure future performance of the company's stock.
# Direct costs

Direct costs, in accounting, are costs directly accountable to a cost object (such as a particular project, facility, function, or product). The equivalent nomenclature in economics is specific cost. Direct costs may be either fixed or variable, but typically comprise materials, labour, and specific expenses such as, e.g. a royalty payment to a patent holder for a given production process, all, directly attributable to a cost object. Thus by industry:
* In construction, the costs of materials, labor, equipment, etc., and all directly involved efforts or expenses for the cost object are direct costs.
* In manufacturing or other non-construction industries, the portion of operating costs that is directly assignable to a specific product or process is a direct cost.
* In project management, direct costs are those for activities or services that benefit specific projects, for example salaries for project staff and materials required for a particular project. Because these activities are easily traced to projects, their costs are usually charged to projects on an item-by-item basis.
By contrast, indirect costs are costs not directly accountable to a cost object (such as a particular project, facility, function or product). These include administration, personnel and security costs. A joint cost is a cost incurred in the production or delivery of multiple products or product lines. For instance, in civil aviation, substantial costs of a flight (pilots, fuel, wear and tear on the plane, landing and takeoff fees) are a joint cost between carrying passengers and carrying freight, and underlie economies of scope across passenger and freight services. By contrast, some costs are specific to the services, for instance, meals and flight attendants are specific costs of carrying passengers.
# Direct coupling

In electronics, direct coupling or DC coupling (also called conductive coupling and galvanic coupling) is the transfer of electrical energy by means of physical contact via a conductive medium, in contrast to inductive coupling and capacitive coupling. It is a way of interconnecting two circuits such that, in addition to transferring the AC signal (or information), the first circuit also provides DC bias to the second. Thus, DC blocking capacitors are not used or needed to interconnect the circuits. Conductive coupling passes the full spectrum of frequencies including direct current.
Such coupling may be achieved by a wire, resistor, or common terminal, such as a binding post or metallic bonding.

## DC bias

The provision of DC bias only occurs in a group of circuits that forms a single unit, such as an op-amp. Here the internal units or portions of the op-amp (like the input stage, voltage gain stage, and output stage) will be direct coupled and will also be used to set up the bias conditions inside the op-amp (the input stage will also supply the input bias to the voltage gain stage, for example). However, when two op-amps are directly coupled the first op-amp will supply any bias to the next - any DC at its output will form the input for the next. The resulting output of the second op-amp now represents an offset error if it is not the intended one.

## Uses

This technique is used by default in circuits like IC op-amps, since large coupling capacitors cannot be fabricated on-chip. That said, some discrete circuits (such as power amplifiers) also employ direct coupling to cut cost and improve low frequency performance.

## Offset error

One advantage or disadvantage (depending on application) of direct coupling is that any DC at the input appears as a valid signal to the system, and so it will be transferred from the input to the output (or between two directly coupled circuits). If this is not a desired result, then the term used for the output signal is output offset error, and the corresponding input signal is known as input offset error.

### Error correction

Temperature drift and device mismatches are the major causes of offset errors, and circuits employing direct coupling often integrate offset nulling mechanisms. Some circuits (like power amplifiers) even use coupling capacitors—except that these are present only at the input (and/or output) of the whole system but not between the individual circuit units inside the system.

## Advantages

The advantage of direct coupling is very good low frequency response, often from DC to the highest operating frequency that the system will allow. All applications that require monitoring of slowly changing signals (such as those from thermistors, thermocouples, strain gages, etc.) must have a very good DC amplification with minimum offset errors and hence they must be directly coupled throughout, and have offset correction or trimming incorporated into them.
# My Sweet Lady

My Sweet Lady is a song written and first recorded by John Denver, and was included on his Poems, Prayers & Promises LP in 1971.
Denver released it as a single in 1977. Record World said that "a lilting string arrangement complements his sincere vocal and gentle acoustic guitar work."

## Cliff DeYoung recording

It was later covered by American actor and musician Cliff DeYoung, whose 1973 MCA Records release became an international hit peaking at No. 7 Billboard Adult Contemporary chart and No. 17 on the Billboard Hot 100, No. 14 in Canada and No. 42 in Australia.

### Chart performance

| Chart (1974) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 42 |
| Canada | 14 |
| US Billboard Easy Listening | 7 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 17 |
# Project 1221

Project 1221 is an Italian automobile company. The company began in 2001, originally sub rosa, to develop a new sports car called the MF1 which was to be powered by a Williams zero-emissions gas turbine engine. Two MF1 models were proposed, a two-seat rear-wheel drive version and a three-seat all-wheel drive version with optional armor plating. Both models had a proposed power-to-weight ratio of at least 1,000 hp/ton and a proposed top speed of 270 miles per hour (430 km/h). A light weight grand tourer model called the "Alleopous" was also announced. It is unclear whether any of these projects progressed beyond the initial design phase. Project 1221 includes ex-Lamborghini and Ferrari engineer Mauro Forghieri and ex-Pininfarina designer Emanuele Nicosia with Andreas Andrianos as its CEO. As of April 2020, the Project 1221 website is no longer active, with the last archived update on the company's activities dated to 18 October 2008.
# Krakda

Krakda (Arabic: كراكدة) is a municipality in El Bayadh Province, Algeria. It part of Brézina district and has a population of 2.103, which gives it 7 seats in the PMA. Its postal code is 32160 and its municipal code is 3215.
33°19′09″N 0°57′26″E﻿ / ﻿33.31917°N 0.95722°E﻿ / 33.31917; 0.95722
* This article about a location in El Bayadh Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Krakača

Krakača is a village in the municipality of Cazin, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 911.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 851 | 93.4% |
| Croats | 3 | 0.3% |
| other/undeclared | 57 | 6.3% |
| Total | 911 | 100% |
# Phyllotaenium

Phyllotaenium lindenii is a species of flowering plant in the family Araceae. It is the sole species in genus Phyllotaenium. It is a tuberous geophyte native to the wet tropics of Colombia and Panama. It is named after Belgian botanist Jean Jules Linden.

## Cultivation

Cultivars include Phyllotaenium lindenii 'Magnificum'.
# Daniel Herrera

Daniel Herrera may refer to:
* Danny Herrera (musician) (born 1969), American drummer with Napalm Death and Anaal Nathrakh
* Danny Herrera (strongman) (1937–2008), American powerlifter
* Daniel Herrera (baseball) (born 1984), American Major League Baseball
* Daniel Herrera (rugby union) (born 1963), Uruguayan rugby union coach
* Daniel Rendón Herrera, Colombian drug lord
* Daniel (Chino) Herrera, Mexican comedian and actor
# Keysland

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
Keysland is a rural locality in the South Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Keysland had a population of 19 people.

## Geography

The land use in Keysland includes cropping, horticultural, plantation forestry, but is predominantly grazing on native vegetation.

## History

The name of the district is presumed to derived from the surname of an early settler, Eric John Keys, who was resident in the district circa 1913 to circa 1959.
Keysland State School opened on 11 May 1915 and closed on 31 December 1974. It was on the south-western corner of Wondai Proston Road and Kayes Road (26°12′53″S 151°44′32″E﻿ / ﻿26.2147°S 151.7423°E﻿ / -26.2147; 151.7423﻿ (Keysland State School (former))). It provided primary school education to children residing in the localities of Keysland, Kawl Kawl and Mount McEuen.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Keysland had a population of 12 people.
In the 2021 census, Keysland had a population of 19 people.

## Education

There are no schools in Keysland. The nearest primary schools are Wheatlands State School in Wheatlands to the east and Proston State School in Proston to the north-west. The nearest secondary schools are Proston State School (to Year 10) and Murgon State High School in Murgon to the east.
# Maruéjols-lès-Gardon

Maruéjols-lès-Gardon is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.
# Compas (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Compas is the ninth studio album by rumba band Gipsy Kings. It was released in 1997 in Europe and the US, using a different song order. The European version has one completely new track, "Sueño de Noche", as well as a remixed version of "Ami Wa Wa (Solo Por Ti)".

## Credits

* Arranged by – Gipsy Kings, Jon Carin
* Mastered by – Bob Ludwig
* Mixed By, Producer – Chris Kimsey
* Photography – Peter Knaup

## Personnel

(using the American track list)
* Abud Abdel Al - violin (1, 2, 4, 5)
* Paco Baliardo - compas (flamenco) guitar (4, 8)
* Tonino Baliardo - solo guitar (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13), compas (flamenco) guitar (4, 8, 11)
* Gipsy Kings, unspecified - guitar (3, 5, 6, 7, 9)
* Jon Carin - piano accordion (1, 2, 7), Kurzweil (1, 7, 10), strings (2, 5, 13), bass guitar (3), sample claps (3), tambourine (3), castanets (3), djembe harp (4), loops (4, 5), atmosphere (5), Egyptian flute (5), keyboards (6), percussion (7, 9, 10), cymbal (8), finger snaps (8), steel guido (8), electric guitar (9), piano (9, 11), autoharp (10), acoustic guitar (10), drum programming (11), programmed percussion (12)
* Shawn Farrenden - didgeridoo (1)
* Manu Katché - drums (8, 11)
* Andres Levin—additional keyboards (7), samples (7)
* Pino Palladino, bass (1, 7), bass guitar (2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12), electric guitar (9), acoustic guitar (10)
* Hossam Ramzy - Egyptian percussion (1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12), shaker (8)
* Andre Reyes – lead vocals (1, 7), backing vocals (1), harmony vocals (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12), hand clapping (2, 4, 12), guitar (10, 12)
* François "Canut" Reyes - backing vocals (1), lead vocals (2, 13), guitar (2, 13)
* Georges "Baule" Reyes - backing vocals (1), guitar (12)
* Nicholas Reyes – lead vocals (1, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12), backing vocals (1), hand clapping (2, 3, 4, 12); percussion (6), guitar (10), harmony vocals (12)
* Patchai Reyes - backing vocals (1), hand clapping (3), lead vocals (9), harmony vocals (9)
* Paul Reyes – backing vocals (1)
* Eddie Thornton - trumpet (3, 7, 9)
* Brian Edwards - saxophone (3, 7, 9, 11)
* Trevor Edwards - trombone (3, 7, 9)
* Nigel Shaw - flute (5, 13), whistle (6. 13)
* Naná Vasconcelos - percussion (7)

## Certifications and sales

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States | — | 221,000 |
| Summaries |||
| Worldwide | — | 770,000 |
# Thomas Kavanagh

Thomas Kavanagh may refer to:
* Thomas Kavanagh (politician) (1767–1837), Irish landowner and politician
* Thomas Christian Kavanagh (1912–1978), American civil engineer and educator
* Thomas G. Kavanagh (1917–1997), American jurist
* Thomas M. Kavanagh (1909–1975), American jurist
* Thomas Henry Kavanagh (1821–1882), Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Tom Kavanagh (born 1970), Australian rules footballer
* Thomas Kavanagh (Irish criminal)
# Limen

In physiology, psychology, or psychophysics, a limen or a liminal point is a sensory threshold of a physiological or psychological response. Such points delineate boundaries of perception; that is, a limen defines a sensory threshold beyond which a particular stimulus becomes perceivable, and below which it remains unperceivable.
Liminal, as an adjective, means situated at a sensory threshold, hence barely perceptible. Subliminal means below perception. The absolute threshold is the lowest amount of sensation detectable by a sense organ.