OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Devonshire Park Championships

The Devonshire Park Championships was a grass court tennis tournament usually staged in the third week of August annually. It first established in 1880 at Eastbourne, East Sussex, England which ran for only two editions until August 1881. In July 1881 the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club was formally founded. In September 1881 it then staged the first South of England Championships which replaced this event.

## History

On 1 July 1874 Devonshire Park, originally intended as a cricket ground, opened its gates to the public. In 1879, the first tennis courts was marked out on its lawns. In August 1880 the first Devonshire Park Championships were staged in the third week of August that year. The first winner of the men's singles was Britain's Dale Womersley. The men's final singles winner was Englands George S. Murray Hill. In September 1881 the lawn tennis club decided to stage an open regional championship event known as the South of England Championships the inaugural men's singles was won by Britain's Edgar Lubbock, and the women's event was won by England's Agnes Noon Watts.

## Finals
### Men's Singles

    Incomplete Roll
| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 1880 | Dale Womersley | Frederick Brunning Maddison | 6-4, 3-6, 6-2, 6-3. |
| 1881 | George S. Murray Hill | Sidney Alfred Noon | 2 sets to 0. |

### Women's Singles

    Incomplete Roll
| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 1881 | Agnes Watts | E Hudson | 2 sets to 0. |

### Mix Doubles

    Incomplete Roll
| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 1881 | Sidney Alfred Noon Agnes Watts | E Hudson E.R. Hudson | 2 sets to 0. |
# Mudrika Sinha

Mudrika Sinha (born February 1914, date of death unknown) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the lower House of the Indian Parliament the Lok Sabha from Aurangabad in Bihar as a member of the Indian National Congress.
# Portugal at the 1994 Winter Olympics

Portugal returned at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway after missed in 1992.
A single competitor participated in one sport -- alpine skiing -- but no medal was gained.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Alpine skiing | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Alpine skiing
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Run 1 (DH) | Run 1 (DH) | Run 2 (Sl) | Run 2 (Sl) | Run 3 (Sl) | Run 3 (Sl) | Final/Total | Final/Total | Final/Total |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Diff | Rank |
| Jorge Mendes | Downhill | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1:49.20 | +3.45 | 41 |
| Jorge Mendes | Super-G | — | — | — | — | — | — | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish |
| Jorge Mendes | Giant slalom | 1:35.94 | 41 | 1:29.26 | 33 | — | — | 3:05.20 | +12.74 | 32 |
| Jorge Mendes | Combined | 1:40.29 | 30 | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish | Did not finish |
# Porto Mosquito

Porto Mosquito is a settlement in the southern part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. It is situated on the south coast, 10 km northwest of Cidade Velha. It is part of the municipality of Ribeira Grande de Santiago.
# City Hall, Sunderland

City Hall is a municipal building in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. It is located on the Vaux Site, adjacent to Keel Square, and was opened in November 2021. It is the headquarters of Sunderland City Council.

## History

The new building was commissioned to replace the old Sunderland Civic Centre which had been the home of the council since 1970. The council estimated that it would cost £5 million to refurbish the old civic centre and therefore decided to procure a new structure instead.
Construction of the new glass and steel structure started in November 2019. It was designed by FaulknerBrowns and built by Bowmer + Kirkland at a cost of £42 million. The development was financed by Legal & General as part of a larger programme of investment in the city totalling £100 million. The design includes two office blocks, one of five storeys and the other of six storeys, connected by a glass atrium, facing onto St Mary's Way. The total area covered by the building is 190,000 square feet (18,000 m$^2$). The contractual arrangements envisaged some areas being made available to accommodate the housing provider, Gentoo, and the Department for Work and Pensions as well as Sunderland City Council.
Progress was delayed by two months because of the COVID-19 pandemic but recommenced in May 2020. However, the topping out of the building was completed by civic leaders in August 2020, and it opened to the public on 29 November 2021.
# City Council of Singapore

The City Council of Singapore was the administrative council of the City of Singapore responsible for the provision of water, electricity, gas, roads and bridges and street lighting.
It was dissolved in 1959 when Singapore attained self-governance from the British Empire, and it was subsequently abolished upon Singapore's independence from Malaysia in 1965.
The first fully elected council was elected in 1957, followed with a by-election in 1958. Prior to 1957, franchise was limited and there were appointed members.
It signed the Tebrau and Scudai Rivers Water Agreement and the Johor River Water Agreement with the Johore State Government of Malaya in 1961 and 1962 respectively.

## History

As a British colony, Singapore was conferred city status by a royal charter from King George VI in 1951, when Singapore was then a Crown colony of the United Kingdom. The original Municipal Council was therefore renamed City Council, and the Municipal Building was renamed City Hall. In 1965, upon Singapore's expulsion from Malaysia, the Republic of Singapore Independence Act 1965 provided the following clause
| " | President may by order make such modifications in any written law as appear to him to be necessary or expedient in consequence of the abolition of the City Council and of the Rural Board and of the assumption of the powers of the local authorities by the Government. | " |
that empowered the President to abolish the City Council and the Rural Board, with the powers of the local authorities assumed by the government. The City Council of the City of Singapore and the Singapore Rural Board were abolished in 1965. Ong Eng Guan was Singapore's first elected mayor in 1957 and continued to run the City Council from December 1957 till April 1959.

## Elections

Prior to the 1957 City Council elections, franchise was limited and the council was party appointed. From 1949 to 1953 there were 6 seats on council:
* 1949 (April 2)
* 1949 (November 7)
* 1950 (December 2)
* 1951 (December 1)
* 1952 (December 6)
* 1953 (December 5)
After 1953 the yearly elections ended and the council term lasted 4 years. The elections in 1957 and 1958 eliminate all appointed seats on council. The number of seats increased to 32 for the last two elections before council was abolished in 1959.
# Mrs. Mop

Mrs. Mop is a patience or solitaire card game which is played using two decks of playing cards. Invented by Charles Jewell, it is a relative of the solitaire game Spider in which all of the cards are dealt face up at the beginning of the game. The rules are simple, but working out the right thing to do is a slow process, in which "patience" may be an important word. If you can make a couple of spare columns, your chance of winning is pretty good.

## Rules

First the cards are dealt into thirteen columns of eight cards each. The player will then aim to form eight full suit sequences of 13 cards each. Every sequence should run from King down to Ace.
To achieve this, the cards are built down regardless of suit. One card can be moved at a time, unless there are two or more cards of the same suit forming a sequence (such as ♠7-6-5-4) at which case they are moved as a single unit. Because all the cards are visible at the outset, Mrs Mop is arguably one of the most skill-based rather than luck-based solitaire games.
When a suit sequence is formed on the same column, running from King down to Ace (such as ♣K-Q-J-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-A), the sequence is discarded. This game is won when all eight such sequences are removed.
Like in Spider, it is generally a good idea for the player to build down in suit whenever possible because the earlier this is done, the sooner a sequence is removed, giving the player more space to maneuver.
If you can make a couple of spaces you can sort many non-suit sequences into suit sequences. Making four spaces pretty much guarantees a win. Finding columns all of whose cards can be built on others is therefore a good tactic.
# Mucilaginibacter soli

Mucilaginibacter soli is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Mucilaginibacter which has been isolated from soil from the Arctic tundra near Ny-Ålesund in Norway.
# Mucilaginibacter sabulilitoris

Mucilaginibacter sabulilitoris is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Mucilaginibacter which has been isolated from marine sand.
# Postcard from a Painted Lady

Postcard from a Painted Lady is a studio album by Kikki Danielsson, released on 25 September 2015.

## Professional reviews

Aftonbladet's Håkan Steen gave the album three stars out of five possible.

## Contributors

* Kikki Danielsson - vocals
* Stefan Bellnäs - bass, dobro, doublebass
* Johan Håkansson - drums, percussion
* Gunnar Frick - piano, organ, pedal steel, guitar, accordion
* Pär Öjerot - guitar, mandolin, banjo, mandola
* Henrik Cederblom - violin
* Sören Karlsson - producer

## Charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 5 |
# Carex vernacula

Carex vernacula is a species of sedge known by the common name native sedge.

## Distribution

This sedge is native to the western United States, where it grows in moist mountain habitat in alpine climates and higher subalpine elevations. It often arises in cold pools of snowmelt.

## Description

Carex vernacula produces clumps of erect stems 30 to 40 centimeters in maximum height, and sometimes forms colonies connected by rhizome networks. The inflorescence is a dense, tangled clump of flower spikes. The fruit is coated in a green-edged brown perigynium.
# Karin Thorborg

Karin Thorborg (born 1948) is a Swedish Left Party politician. She was a member of the Riksdag from 2002 until 2006.
# Emmanuel Makaidi

Emmanuel Makaidi (April 10, 1941 - October 15, 2015) was a Tanzanian politician and chairman of the National League for Democracy (NLD).
He ran as NLD presidential candidate in the 14 December 2005 elections. He placed seventh out of ten candidates, receiving 0.19% of the vote.
He died on October 10, 2015, in Lindi Region, Tanzania, with stroke.
# Emmanuel Maignan

Emmanuel Maignan (Emanuel) (b. at Toulouse, 17 July 1601; d. at Toulouse, 29 October 1676) was a French physicist and Catholic Minimite theologian.
His writings were particularly influential in Spain, where they were resisted by his fellow Minim Francisco Palanco.

## Life

His father was dean of the Chancery of Toulouse, and his mother's father was professor of medicine at the University of Toulouse. He studied the humanities at the Jesuit college. At the age of eighteen he joined the Order of Minims. His instructor in philosophy was a follower of Aristotle, but Maignan soon began to dispute and oppose all that seemed to him false in Aristotle's teachings, especially of physics. He preferred Plato to Aristotle.
He mastered the mathematics of the day, practically without aid from anyone. At the end of a few years his ability was recognized by his superiors and he was given charge of the instruction of novices. In 1636 he was called to Rome by the general of the order to teach mathematics at the convent of the Trinità dei Monti. There he lived for fourteen years, engaged in mathematics and in physical experiments, and publishing his work on gnomonics and perspective.
In 1650 he returned to Toulouse and was made provincial. When his three years were up, he was glad to devote himself entirely to his studies. When Louis XIV, having seen his machines and curiosities at Toulouse, invited him to Paris, in 1669, through Cardinal Mazarin, he begged to be allowed to pass his life in the seclusion of the convent.

## Works

His published works are:
* "Perspectiva horaria sive de horographia gnomonica tum theoretica tum practica" (4 vols., Rome, 1648);
* "Cursus philosophicus" (1st ed., 4 vols., Toulouse, 1652; 2nd ed. with changes and additions, Lyons, 1673);
* "Sacra philosophia entis supernaturalis" (Lyons, 1662, 1st vol., and 1672, 2nd vol.);
* "Dissertatio theologica de usu licito pecuniæ" (Lyons, 1673).
This dissertation seemed to authorize usury and was therefore censured by a number of bishops.
# Karen Gillon

Karen Macdonald Gillon (née Turnbull; born 18 August 1967) is a Scottish Labour Party politician who served as Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the constituency of Clydesdale from 1999 to 2011.

## Early life and career

Gillon was born in 1967 in Edinburgh to Edith Turnbull. She was educated at the state comprehensive Jedburgh Grammar School before going on to study at the University of Birmingham. Before entering politics, she worked in community education. From 1997 until 1999, she served as personal assistant to Helen Liddell MP.

## Political career

Gillon was elected in the 1999 Scottish Parliament election, taking 16,755 votes (43.02%). She was re elected in 2003 with 14,800 votes (46.62%) and in 2007 with 13,835 votes (41.5%). She served as Labour's spokesperson on rural development until her defeat in 2011.
Gillon was co-chair of the Cross Party Group on Malawi and worked with civic society across Scotland and in the constituency of Clydesdale, to develop better links between the two countries. She was defeated in the 2011 Scottish Parliament election by the candidate from the SNP, Aileen Campbell, by 4,216 votes (14.1%).

## Personal life

Gillon is married to James Gillon with whom she has two sons and one daughter. Gillon is a Christian and has described the Beatitudes as the best example in the Bible of turning prayer into action.
# Cradle of Man

Cradle of Man is a modern play by Melanie Marnich. It has been performed in Chicago and Dallas and stars David Eigenberg, Jennie Moreau, Peggy Roeder, Sean Cooper and Julie Ganey. It is set in Africa and deals with themes of lust, jealousy and the relationship with these primitive impulses.
# Kashinsky

Kashinsky (masculine), Kashinskaya (feminine), or Kashinskoye (neuter) may refer to:
* Kashinsky District, a district of Tver Oblast, Russia
* Kashinsky (family), a Tver princely family of Rurikid stock
* Kashinskoye, a rural locality (a village) in Vologda Oblast, Russia
# Kasia Banaś

Kasia Banas (born 1973 in Wrocław, Poland) is a Polish artist.
She studied painting, graphics and sculpture at the art academy in Wrocław, from where she graduated in 1997. She works with painting and graphic design and has had several exhibitions in many European countries.
In 2007, Kasia Banas carried out a project including paintings inspired by the poetry of Danish poet Henrik Nordbrandt – and again in 2012 a new project including paintings inspired by the poetry of Danish poet Jens Fink-Jensen.
# Kasia Assembly constituency

Kasia Vidhan Sabha constituency was one of the 425 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Uttar Pradesh state in central India. It was a part of the Kushinagar district and one of the assembly constituencies in the Padrauna Lok Sabha constituency. Kasia Assembly constituency came into existence in 1974 and ceased to exist in 2008 as a result of "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008".

## Members of Vidhan Sabha

| Year | Member | Party |
| Till 1974 : See Kushinagar ||||
| 1974 | Raj Mangal Pande | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Raj Mangal Pande | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Raj Mangal Pande | Indian National Congress (U) |
| 1985 | Surya Pratap Shahi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1989 | Brahma Shankar Tripathi | Janata Dal |
| 1991 | Surya Pratap Shahi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1993 | Brahma Shankar Tripathi | Janata Dal |
| 1996 | Surya Pratap Shahi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2002 | Brahma Shankar Tripathi | Samajwadi Party |
| 2007 | Brahma Shankar Tripathi | Samajwadi Party |
| 2012 onwards : See Kushinagar ||||
# Karl Quist

Karl Hugo Quist (18 August 1875 – 31 March 1957) was an Australian sportsman who played interstate cricket for New South Wales, South Australia, and Western Australia, and later became a noted South Australian sporting coach and personality.
Born in Milsons Point, a suburb of Sydney, to Danish emigrant parents, Quist played Sydney grade cricket for both the North Sydney and Sydney Cricket Clubs, captaining the latter side for a period of time. He made his first-class debut for New South Wales during the 1899–1900 season, in a match against Tasmania at the Tasmanian Cricket Association Ground in Hobart, and scored 25 and 3* in what was to be his only match for New South Wales.
Quist left for Fremantle, Western Australia, in April 1905, to take up a position with an electrical engineering firm. In WACA district cricket, he took up playing for the Fremantle District Cricket Club, and was subsequently appointed to the state selection committee for South Australia's tour during the 1905–06 season. Elected captain of the state team, Western Australia won the first match by 103 runs, with Quist thus becoming the first person to captain Western Australia to a win in a first-class match. In the second match, which was drawn, he scored 56 runs in Western Australia's second innings, his only first-class half-century and highest first-class score.
Quist moved to South Australia, later in 1906, and entered into partnership with A. S. Toms, who owned an Adelaide sporting goods store (originally established by Joe Darling). In South Australian district cricket, Quist began to play for Glenelg. He was an irregular selection for South Australia in both Sheffield Shield and other interstate matches, playing a total of seven games for the state between the 1908–09 and 1911–12 seasons. This included three matches against Western Australia during a tour of the state in the second half of the 1908–09 season. Bowling leg breaks, Quist took eight wickets—4/35 and 4/33—during the first first-class match of the tour, the only time he took more than one wicket in a match. Having become sole proprietor of his store in early 1914, Quist also served as a cricket coach in a number of schools and clubs around Australia, including the Sydney Church of England Grammar School, Prince Alfred College, and Christian Brothers' College, and the Adelaide, Glenelg, Adelaide Universityand North Adelaide Cricket Clubs. He would also occasionally call interstate cricket on 5CL, or write columns for The Advertiser.
Quist died at his home in Plympton in March 1957. His son, Adrian Quist, was one of the best tennis players in Australia during the 1930s and 1940s, winning the Australian Championships singles titles in 1936, 1940, and 1948, and a total of 14 Grand Slam doubles titles.
# Carl Anton Bretschneider

Carl Anton Bretschneider (27 May 1808 – 6 November 1878) was a mathematician from Gotha, Germany. Bretschneider worked in geometry, number theory, and history of geometry. He also worked on logarithmic integrals and mathematical tables. He was one of the first mathematicians to use the symbol $\gamma$ for Euler's constant when he published his 1837 paper. He is best known for his discovery of Bretschneider's formula for the area of a general quadrilateral on a plane,
$A={\sqrt {(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d)-abcd\cdot \cos ^{2}\left({\frac {\alpha +\gamma }{2}}\right)}},$
where, $a,b,c,$ and $d$ are the sides of the quadrilateral, $s={\frac {a+b+c+d}{2}}$ is the semiperimeter, and $\alpha$ and $\gamma$ are two opposite angles.
He is the son of Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider, a theologian.

## Publications

* Carl Anton Bretschneider (1837). "Theoriae logarithmi integralis lineamenta nova". Crelle Journal, vol.17, p. 257-285 (submitted 1835)
# Emerson R. Boyles

Emerson R. Boyles (June 29, 1881 – November 30, 1960) was an American lawyer and judge. He served as a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court from 1940 until 1956.

## Early life and education

Boyles was born in Chester Township, Michigan, on June 29, 1881. He attended rural district schools and graduated from Charlotte High School in Charlotte, Michigan as valedictorian. Boyles earned his law degree from the University of Michigan Law School in 1903 and was admitted to the bar when he was twenty-one years old.

## Career

Boyles began practicing law in Charlotte. He was elected Eaton County prosecuting attorney, serving from 1912 to 1916. From 1921 until 1927, Boyles was a probate judge for Eaton County.
In 1927, Boyles resigned as probate judge to become deputy attorney general under Michigan Attorney General William W. Potter. Boyles remained in that position until 1933, serving under three attorneys general. In 1935, Governor Frank Fitzgerald, appointed Boyles to serve on the Michigan Public Utilities Commission. In 1936, Boyles became the legal advisor to Fitzgerald, and later to Governor Luren Dickinson.
On November 5, 1940, Boyles was elected a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court to fill the vacancy of William W. Potter. Boyles was re-elected in 1943 and 1950 and remained on the court until 1956.
Boyles was the author of the Michigan Criminal Index, Probate Blanks, and Probate Manual, and was a supervisor of Compiled Laws of 1929.
Boyles married Mabel Casler in 1905. He had one daughter, Mary Frances Crouse, and three grandchildren, Edward Boyles Crouse, John Emerson Crouse, and Henry Bernard Crouse. Boyles died on November 30, 1960.
# Craugastor emcelae

Craugastor emcelae is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Panama and possibly Costa Rica. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Craugastor escoces

Craugastor escoces is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Costa Rica. After not having been seen after 1986—despite extensive directed surveys—it was declared extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2004. However, the species was rediscovered on September 18, 2016, when two researchers from the University of Costa Rica found a female Craugastor escoces at the edge of the Juan Castro Blanco National Park in Alajuela Province.

## Habitat

Its natural habitats are premontane and lower montane rainforests at elevations of 1,100–2,100 m (3,600–6,900 ft) above sea level.
# Craugastor fecundus

Craugastor fecundus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Honduras. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.