OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center

China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center (CARDC) (simplified Chinese: 中国空气动力研究与发展中心; traditional Chinese: 中國空氣動力研究與發展中心; pinyin: Zhōngguó Kōngqì Dònglì Yánjiū yǔ Fāzhǎn Zhōngxīn) was founded in 1968. It is the largest research and testing institute of aerodynamics in China, involved in the development of hypersonic missile technology. The center is located in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. Currently there are more than 1,600 scientists and technicians working there.
The center has been on the United States Department of Commerce's Entity List since 1999.
# Marguerite Andersen

Marguerite Andersen CM (October 15, 1924 – October 1, 2022) was a German-born Canadian francophone writer and educator writer, who was based in Toronto, Ontario, where she was a teacher at the Toronto Linden School.

## Life and career

Andersen was born in Germany and received the Staatsexamen at the Free University of Berlin and studied at France's Sorbonne. She came to Canada in 1958 after living in various countries such as England, Ethiopia, Tunisia and the United States. Her Ph.D. in French Studies is from the Université de Montréal.
Andersen also taught at Concordia University, Mount St. Vincent University and the University of Guelph.
In 1996, Andersen produced a play at Factory Theatre in Toronto called Stations in a Painter's Life about German-born Canadian artist Christiane Pflug, based on the life of the artist until her suicide in 1972.
From 1998, she was editor for the quarterly French literary journal Virages ISSN 1203-8792.
Andersen won the 2009 French-language Trillium Award, category "Prix de poésie Trillium" for her book Le figuier sur le toit and 2014 in the category "Prix du livre d'enfant Trillium" for La mauvaise mère.
In December 2016, Andersen was named a Member of the Order of Canada.
Andersen died on October 1, 2022, at the age of 97.

## Selected works

* 1965: Paul Claudel et l'Allemagne (Presses de l'Université d'Ottawa)
* 1972: Mother was not a person (Content Publishing/Blank Rose Books)
* 1975: Paroles Rebelles ISBN 2-89091-112-8 (reissued 1992; with Christine Klein-Lataud; Éditions du Remue-ménage)
* 1982: De mémoire de femme ISBN 2-89026-313-4 (Quinze)
* 1984: L'Autrement pareille ISBN 0-920814-63-8 (Prise de Parole)
* 1991: Courts Métrages et Instantanés ISBN 2-89423-007-9 (Prise de Parole)
* 1992: L'Homme-papier ISBN 2-89091-117-9 (Editions du Remue-ménage)
* 1993: La chambre noire du bonheur ISBN 2-89045-990-X (Hurtubuise HMH)
* 1994: Conversations dans l'Interzone ISBN 2-89423-051-6 (Prise de Parole)
* 1995: La Soupe ISBN 2-89423-062-1, ISBN 2-89031-229-1 (won 1996 Grand Prix du Salon du livre de Toronto; Triptyque)
* 1997: La Bicyclette ISBN 2-89423-086-9, ISBN 2-921706-63-6 (Centre FORA)
* 1998: Le Crus de l'Esplanade ISBN 2-89423-093-1 (Prise de Parole)
* 2000: Bleu sur Blanc ISBN 2-89423-118-0 (Prise de Parole)
* 2003: Dreaming our Space ISBN 1-55071-152-0 (Guernica)
* 2004: Parallèles ISBN 2-89423-168-7 (Prise de Parole)
* 2006: Doucement le bonheur (Gently happiness) ISBN 978-2-89423-206-4 (Prise de Parole); about the events surrounding the 1929-30 trials of MP Louis-Mathias Auger for rape, and a fictionalized account of the protagonists later lives
* 2009: Le figuier sur le toit ISBN 9782923274492 (Les Éditions l'Interligne)
* 2011: La vie devant elles ISBN 978-2-89423-277-4 (Prise de Parole)
* 2013: La mauvaise mère ISBN 9782894239063 (Prise de Parole)

## Theatre

* 1996: Christiane : Stations in a Painter's Life*, Festival The Gathering, Factory Theatre, Toronto, 1996.
* 1996–97: La Fête, Prix O'Neill-Karsh, mises en lecture Théâtre La Catapulte, Ottawa, 1997 et Théâtre du Nouvel-Ontario, Sudbury, 1996.
# Chiroda

Chiroda is a village and former petty Rajput princely state in Gujarat, western India.

## History

Chiroda was one of many princely states in Gohelwar prant, under the colonial authority of the Eastern Kathiawar Agency, comprising solely the village and ruled by Sarvaiya Dipsinhji Bapu,Rajput Chieftains.
In 1901, it had a population of 247, yielding a state revenue of 2,500 Rupees (nearly all from land), paying a tribute of 135 Rupees, to the Gaekwar Baroda State and Junagadh State.

## External links and sources

* Imperial Gazetteer - Kathiawar
# Yorkshire St. Pauli

Yorkshire St. Pauli is a club established for English football supporters of German side St. Pauli.

## History

Yorkshire St. Pauli was founded in 2011.
# Maria Louise

Maria Louise may refer to:
* Maria Louise Baldwin (1856–1922), African American educator and civic leader
* Maria Louise Eve (1842–1900), American poet
* Maria Louise Kirk (1860–1938), an American painter and illustrator
* Maria Louise Pool (1841–1898), American writer
* Princess Maria Louise, a character in the fictional anime Mobile Fighter G Gundam
# Maria Golovin

Maria Golovin is an English language opera in three acts by Gian Carlo Menotti. It is through-composed and centers on a romantic encounter between a blind recluse named Donato and the title character, a married woman living in a European country a few years after a war. The work was commissioned by Peter Herman Adler of the NBC Opera Theatre.
Its first performance was at the International Exposition Pavilion Theater at Expo '58 in Brussels on 20 August 1958. Later that year, David Merrick and the NBC Opera mounted a Broadway production billed as a "musical drama." It was staged by Menotti and ran for five performances at the Martin Beck Theatre. The cast included Patricia Neway, Ruth Kobart, Norman Kelley, William Chapman, and Richard Cross, who won the 1959 Theatre World Award for his performance. Maria Golovin is not part of the usual operatic repertory and rarely is performed today, although The Paley Center for Media (Museum of Television & Radio) in New York scheduled a screening of the 1959 NBC Opera production of the work, starring Franca Duval, Richard Cross, and Patricia Neway, for May 21, 2011 at 2 p.m. followed by a discussion with Richard Cross.

## Roles

| Role | Voice type | Premiere Cast, 20 August 1958 (Conductor: Gian Carlo Menotti) |
| Agata | mezzo-soprano | Ruth Kobart |
| Donato | bass-baritone | Richard Cross |
| Dr Zuckertanz | tenor | Herbert Handt |
| The mother | contralto | Patricia Neway |
| Maria Golovin | soprano | Franca Duval |
| Trottolo, her son | boy soprano | Lorenzo Muti |
| A prisoner | baritone | William Chapman |

## Recordings

A cast album was released by RCA Victor and reissued on CD by Naxos Historical in 2011.

## Performances

As well as the first performance at the International Exposition Pavilion Theater at Expo '58 in Brussels on 20 August 1958, it was performed at the London Coliseum in 1976, with Gian Carlo Menotti conducting, Alison Hargan playing the title role, with her real-life son James playing Trottolo Golovin.
# Choice of techniques

The choice of techniques is an area of economics in which the question of the appropriate capital or labour-intensity of the method of production of goods is discussed. In the context of traditional development economics it was often recognised (Stewart (1972) for example) that this choice was central to development strategies and that such choices were inter-twined with decisions over the type of goods to be produced and the scale of operation of an industry.
# Youri Ziffzer

Youri Ziffzer (born 21 August 1986) is a German professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played for Adler Mannheim in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He previously played three seasons with Kölner Haie before signing as a free agent with Mannheim on May 2, 2014.
# Dagamtenga Peulh

Dagamtenga Peulh, also called Dagemtenga 2, is a commune in the Dialgaye Department of Kouritenga Province in the Centre-Est region of Burkina Faso. It had a population of 180 in 2006.

## Demographics

| Year | Population |
| 1996 | 121 |
| 2006 | 180 |

### Neighbourhoods

| Neighbourhood | Population (2006) |
| Dagamtenga Peulh | 180 |
# Minuscule 158

Minuscule 158 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 108 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. It has marginalia.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 236 parchment leaves (size 9 cm by 7.8 cm), with one small lacuna. The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page, in very small letters. Size of the text has only 5.8 cm by 4.2 cm. The Gospel of John is ending on 21:11.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, the τιτλοι (titles) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 – 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonina Section numbers).
It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, Eusebian Canon tables, tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings (partial) for liturgical reading, pictures, and readings in the margin made by prima manu.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K$^x$. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family K$^x$ in Luke 1 and Luke 10. In Luke 20 it represents family Π$^a$.
It lacks the text of Luke 22:43-44.
It has some readings at the margin.

## History

The manuscript was given to the Library by Pope Pius II (1458-1464). It was examined and described by Birch (about 1782), Scholz, Duchesne, and Henry Stevenson. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1886.
It is currently housed at the Vatican Library (Reg. gr. Pii II 55), at Rome.
# Minuscule 155

Minuscule 155 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 403 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia.

## Description

The codex contains a complete text of the four Gospels on 307 parchment leaves (size 15.3 cm by 11.3 cm). The text is written in one column per page, in 20 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 241 – 16:20), but it was added by later hand.
It contains Synaxarion (liturgical book with hagiographies), subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of στιχοι at the end of each Gospel. Some lessons from Paul prefixed.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K$^r$. Aland placed it in Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family K$^r$ in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 20 no profile was made.

## History

As of the 2010s, the manuscript was dated by the INTF to the 13th century.
It was given by Andreas Rivetus to Rutgersius (1589-1625), Swedish Ambassador to the United Provinces. It belonged to Daniel Heinsius and Nicholas Heinsius. It was cited by Daniel Heinsius, as Codex Rutgersii, in his Exercitationes sacrae in Evangel. (1639) After Nicholas Heinsius it belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden and Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni.
Heinsius, one of its owner, worked on the Textus Receptus of the Greek New Testament for Elzeviers edition (1624, 1633), than influence of the codex 155 on the Textus Receptus is possible. According to Jonge it is possible only in 12 places, but all of this changes can be explained by the influence of the Complutensian Polyglotte.
It was examined by Wettstein, Birch (about 1782), Scholz, C. R. Gregory (1886), Jonge. Wettstein designated it by number 99.
It is housed at the Vatican Library (Reg. gr. 79), at Rome.
# Daesiola

Daesiola is a monotypic genus of daesiid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1933. Its single species, Daesiola zarudnyi is distributed in Iran.
# Dacalana liaoi

Dacalana liaoi is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae first described by Hisakazu Hayashi, Heinz G. Schroeder and Colin G. Treadaway in 1983. Its forewing length is 17–18 mm. The species is endemic to the Philippines and distributed on Panay and Negros islands. It is not a common species.
# Cervières, Hautes-Alpes

Cervières is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France.
The village lies at the foot of the Col d'Izoard, which is often on the route of the Tour de France and Giro d'Italia.
# Cessnock Correctional Centre

Cessnock Correctional Centre, an Australian minimum and maximum security prison for males, is located in Cessnock, New South Wales. It was opened in 1972 under the name Cessnock Training Centre. The centre is operated by Corrective Services NSW. It detains sentenced and remand prisoners under New South Wales and/or Commonwealth legislation.
Facilities were significantly updated during 2012, including the completion of Australia's first purpose-built maximum security sex offenders unit; built at a cost of $97 million.

## Notable prisoners

* Nathan Baggaley – a former Olympic canoe sprinter, jailed between 2009 and 2011 for dealing ecstasy.
* William MacDonald – English-born Australian serial killer (born Allen Ginsberg, 1924–2015)
* Lenny McPherson (1921–1996) – organised crime figure.
* Harry M Miller – (1934–2018) New Zealand-Australian media agent, promoter and publicist, convicted of fraud.
* Nigel Milsom – Archibald Prize-winning painter, armed robbery.
* Ray Williams – disgraced businessman.
# Kiiki

Kiiki is a town and commune in Mbam-et-Inoubou department of Centre Region in Cameroon.
# Kiik (surname)

Kiik is an Estonian language surname meaning "swing". As of 1 January 2021, 219 men and 223 women in Estonia have the surname Kiik. Kiik ranks 252nd for men and 286th for women in the distribution of surnames in the country. The surname Kiik is the most common in Jõgeva County, where 8.85 per 10,000 inhabitants of the county bear the surname.
Notable people bearing the surname Kiik include:
* Heino Kiik (1927–2013), writer
* Kaia Kiik (born 1973), artist and curator
* Kalle Kiik (born 1963), chess player
* Tanel Kiik (born 1989), politician
# Ernest Simons

Ernest Simons may refer to:
* Ernest Simons (Royal Navy officer) (1856–1928)
* Ernest Walker Simons (1848–1917), founder of the Ernest Simons Manufacturing Company of Port Chester, New York
# Theresa Offredy

Theresa M. Offredy (4 May 1930 – 17 April 2017) was a British fencer. Offredy competed in the women's team foil event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. She represented England in the individual foil at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth, Western Australia. Offredy died in April 2017 at the age of 86.
# Cetonia elegans

Cetonia elegans may refer to:

## Subfamily Cetoniinae (flower chafers)

* Cetonia elegans Leoni, 1910, a synonym for Cetonia aurata pisana, a subspecies (Cetoniini) of the rose chafer
* Cetonia elegans Fabricius, 1781, a synonym for Heterorhina elegans, a species (Goliathini) found in India and Sri Lanka
# Erotophilia

Erotophilia is a personality trait which assesses an individual's disposition to respond to sexual cues in either a positive or negative manner; it is measured on a continuous scale, ranging from erotophobia to erotophilia.
Erotophilic individuals tend to masturbate and fantasize more frequently, think about sex more often, have sexual intercourse for the first time at an earlier age, have more past sexual experiences and have a greater number of intercourse partners than erotophobic individuals. Female erotophiles are also more likely to engage in breast self-examinations, schedule regular gynecological visits, and engage in preventive behaviors regarding sexually transmitted infections (e.g., more frequent condom use).
Erotophobic people tend to score higher on authoritarianism and the need for achievement, have more traditional sex roles, experience more sex guilt and have more negative reactions to masturbation and homosexuality than erotophiles.

## Background

This dimension of personality is used to assess openness to sex and sexuality. It is an important dimension to measure because of the health and safety risks associated with poor sexual education. Research on this personality dimension has shown a correlation between erotophilia and a more consistent use of contraception, as well as a greater knowledge about human sexuality. The word erotophilia is derived from the name of Eros, the Greek god of romantic love, and philia (φιλία), an ancient Greek word for love. Researchers occasionally use the term "sex-positive" interchangeably with erotophilia and "sex-negative" interchangeably with erotophobia.
# Thienotriazolodiazepine

A thienotriazolodiazepine is a heterocyclic compound containing a diazepine ring fused to thiophene and triazole rings. Thienotriazolodiazepine forms the central core of several pharmaceutical drugs including:
* α-Hydroxyetizolam
* Brotizolam
* Ciclotizolam
* Clotizolam
* Deschloroclotizolam
* Deschloroetizolam
* Etizolam
* Flubrotizolam
* Fluclotizolam
* Fluetizolam
* Metizolam
Thienotriazolodiazepines interact with the benzodiazepine receptor site, they typically have similar effects as 1,4-benzodiazepines (such as diazepam) and triazolobenzodiazepines (such as alprazolam).
Thienotriazolodiazepines that are not GABA$_A$ receptor positive allosteric modulators include:
* Apafant
* Israpafant
* JQ1
# Third officer

Third officer may refer to:
* Third officer (aviation), a rarely used rank in civil aviation companies
* Third mate, a merchant marine rank
* A rank in the Women's Royal Naval Service corresponding to sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy
* A rank in the Air Transport Auxiliary corresponding to pilot officer in the Royal Air Force
* The third-highest rank in some pre-war British fire brigades
# Thomas Frederick Stephenson

Sergeant Thomas Frederick Stephenson DCM (1894 – 20 November 1917) was a British World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

## Military service

He was born in Eastfield, Peterborough, the son of George Frederick Stephenson and his wife Annie Georgina. He joined the Royal Flying Corps on 7 July 1913, and was sent to France on 12 August 1914.
By 1917 Stephenson was a sergeant pilot in No. 11 Squadron RFC. He was teamed with Air Mechanic 1st Class Sydney Platel as his observer/gunner in a Bristol F.2 Fighter. The duo garnered five victories together between 23 September and 31 October 1917, all against Albatros D.Vs. After destroying two enemy aircraft on 31 October, they in turn fell under the guns of Oberleutnant Hans Bethge. They survived this, though Platel lost a toe.
On 20 November 1917, the first day of the Battle of Cambrai, Stephenson and his observer Lieutenant William Morse set off on a reconnaissance mission over the German lines, but their aircraft was shot down, apparently a victim of ground fire. Stephenson was listed as missing, presumed killed, but Morse survived, although wounded, and was captured.
On 4 March 1918 he was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal. His citation read:
    769 Sjt. T. F. Stephenson, RFC.
       "For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. While flying over the enemy's lines he was attacked by twelve hostile scouts and engaged four of them, one of which he destroyed. He was then attacked by another of the enemy machines, and, though his observer had been wounded, he succeeded in destroying it. His machine was then rendered almost uncontrollable by a shell, the right wing being almost shot off, but he succeeded in landing it in our front-line wire. He has destroyed five hostile machines and shown splendid courage and determination."
As an air casualty of the Western Front with no known grave, he is commemorated at the Arras Flying Services Memorial, and also on the Peterborough War Memorial.
# Thomas Champion de Crespigny

Thomas Champion de Crespigny (c. 1763 – 2 August 1799) was a British lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1790 and 1796.

## Early life

He was the second son of Philip Champion de Crespigny and, his first wife, Sarah Cocksedge, a daughter of Thomas Cocksedge of Thetford, Norfolk and Lydia Burgess. After his mother's death, his father remarried three more times. From his father's other marriages, his half-siblings included Eliza Champion de Crespigny (wife of Hussey Vivian, 1st Baron Vivian). His paternal grandfather was Philip Champion de Crespigny, proctor of the Admiralty court and his uncle, Claude Champion de Crespigny, was made a baronet in 1805.
He attended Trinity Hall, Cambridge in 1779, obtaining an LLB in 1785 and an LLD in 1790.

## Career

Crespigny was a civil lawyer. In 1790, he revived his father's interest at Sudbury in alliance with William Windham. Crespigny and Windham's nominee, John Hippisley, defeated the ministerial candidates. He was a supporter of the repeal of the Test Act in Scotland in April 1791 and voted with the opposition on William Pitt's Russian policy in April 1791 and March 1792. He joined a Whig club in January 1792.
On 27 November 1792 he presented the Castle Baynard ward petition against Pitt's measures to curb sedition. He denied Hippisley's allegations that the measure "was obtained by misrepresentation and claimed that Hippisley had done all that he could to frustrate the petition."
He did not seek re-election in 1796 and the family interest at Sudbury ended.

## Personal life

On 26 March 1798, Champion de Crespigny was married to Augusta Charlotte Thellusson (d. 1853), a daughter of merchant Peter Thellusson and granddaughter of Genevan banker and diplomat Isaac de Thellusson. Among her siblings were Peter Isaac Thellusson, 1st Baron Rendlesham, George Woodford Thellusson, and Charles Thellusson, who all served as Members of Parliament. Her younger sister, Anne Thellusson, was the wife of Vice-Admiral William Lukin. Before his death, they were the parents of:
* Augusta Anne Champion de Crespigny (c. 1800–1892), who married Col. Thomas Henry Hastings Davies of Elmley Castle, MP for Worcester, who fought with the Duke of Wellington in the Peninsular and at Waterloo, before 1846. After his death she married Sir John Pakington, Bt, the Secretary of State for War who was a son of William Russell and Elizabeth Pakington, in 1851. In 1874 he was made Baron Hampton and Augusta became Baroness Hampton.
Champion de Crespigny died on 2 August 1799. His widow married Sir Joseph Whatley, KCH on 3 February 1827 before her death on 24 July 1853.
# This...Is Marcus Canty

This...Is Marcus Canty is the debut extended play by R&B recording artist Marcus Canty.

## Development

After finishing fourth on The X Factor USA, Marcus (alongside Chris Rene and Astro) had been signed to Epic Records. He recorded a mild single called "Won't Make a Fool Out of You" for the soundtrack of 2012's Think Like a Man. He later made an official debut single called "In & Out", featuring rapper Wale. Marcus stated that he did not only want to show his R&B style on the album, but he also wanted to "impress the ladies".

## Composition

The extended play contains musical elements from artists such as Michael Jackson, Janet Jackson and Usher.

## Track listing

* This 2010s R&B/soul album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e