OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Time-assignment speech interpolation

In telecommunications, a time-assignment speech interpolation (TASI) was an analog technique used on certain long transmission links to increase voice transmission capacity.
TASI was invented by Bell Labs in the early 1960s to increase the capacity of transatlantic telephone cables. It was one of their first applications requiring electronic switching of voice circuits.
Later digital circuit multiplication equipment included TASI as a feature, not as distinct hardware.

## Operation

TASI takes advantage of the fact that in typical person-person conversation, speech in a single direction occurs for approximately 40% of the time, the remaining time being occupied with pauses and/or silence. Statistical analysis demonstrated that for an average voice channel usage of 40%, over 74 speech conversations could be handled using 37 full Duplex speech circuits thereby doubling potential revenue for a small capital outlay relative to a highly expensive cable. e.g. £12.5 million (£263 million as of 2014) cost of the TAT-1 cable on which TASI was implemented.
TASI worked by switching additional users onto any voice channel temporarily idled because an original user has stopped speaking. When the original user resumes speaking, that user would, in turn, be switched to any channel that happened to be idle. The speech detector function is called voice activity detection. Clipping or loss of speech would occur for all conversations that needed to be assigned to an available idle channel and in practice lasted at least 17 ms whilst information required to re-connect both parties was signalled by the TASI control circuits. An additional freezeout period lasting between 0 and 500 ms would depend on the instantaneous loading of voice circuits. In actual use, these delays presented few problems in typical conversations.
One of the issues with using this type of technology was that the users listening on an idled channel can sometimes hear the conversation that has been switched onto it. Generally the sound heard was of very low volume and individual words are not distinguishable. See also crosstalk for a similar phenomenon in telecommunications. Another potential issue was ensuring that non-voice type circuits (e.g. Music or radio type circuits where pauses would occur infrequently) were not routed via TASI speech channels since these could seriously degrade the level of service where callers would encounter frequent clipped speech and breaks in the conversation.
# E61

E61 may refer to:
* Nokia E61, a smartphone
* BMW E60/E61, an automobile platform
* European route E61, an international road route
* E-61, a commercial espresso machine introduced by Faema in 1961
* King's Indian Defence, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
* An ICD code for "Deficiency of other nutrient elements"
* Dōtō Expressway (spur road to Ashoro IC), Tokachi-Okhotsk Expressway and Bihoro Bypass, route E61 in Japan
# Mamoru Miura

Mamoru Miura (Miura Mamoru; born October 23, 1956) is a Japanese jurist who has served as an associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Japan since 2018.

## Education and career

Miura was born on October 23, 1956, in Japan. He attended the University of Tokyo and graduated with a degree in Law in 1980. He served first as a public prosecutor in several district courts, then as an official in the Ministry of Justice, then finally as a Superintending Prosecutor in several regional courts before being appointed to the Supreme Court.

## Supreme Court

On February 26, 2018, Miura was appointed to the Supreme Court of Japan. In Japan, justices are formally nominated by the Emperor (at that time, Akihito) but in reality the Cabinet chooses the nominees and the Emperor's role is a formality.
Miura's term is scheduled to end on October 22, 2026 (one day before he turns 70). This is because all members of the court have a mandatory retirement age of 70.
# Callistocypraea

Callistocypraea is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

## Species

* Callistocypraea aurantium (Gmelin, 1791)
* Callistocypraea broderipii (J. E. Gray in G. B. Sowerby I, 1832)
* Callistocypraea leucodon (Broderip, 1828)
* Callistocypraea nivosa (Broderip, 1827)

### Species brought into synonymy

* †Callistocypraea peyroti Schilder, 1932: synonym of † Lyncina peyroti (Schilder, 1932) (original combination)
* Callistocypraea testudinaria (Linnaeus): synonym of Chelycypraea testudinaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
# Victor Bernal

Victor Hugo Bernal (October 6, 1953 – September 2, 2006) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for one season. Bernal was drafted by the San Diego Padres in the 6th round of the 1975 Major League Baseball Draft. He played for the San Diego Padres for 15 games during the 1977 San Diego Padres season.
# Torgny Wickman

Torgny Wickman (1911–1997) was a Swedish screenwriter and film director.

## Selected filmography

* A Night at Glimmingehus (1954)
* Language of Love (1969)
* Eva: Diary of a Half Virgin (1969)
* The Lustful Vicar (1970)
* Sensuous Sorceress (1970)
* Mera ur kärlekens språk (1970)
* Kärlekens XYZ (1971)
* Anita: Swedish Nymphet (1973)
* The Intruders (1974)
# Mudan, Heze

Mudan District is an urban district of Heze, Shandong province. It is the seat of Heze's prefectural government and center of its built-up or metro area, bordering Henan province to the northwest across the Yellow River.

## History

Southwest Mudan District was the site of the ancient and medieval town of Yuanqu, which was the seat of an eponymous county.

## Administrative divisions

As 2012, this County is divided to 10 subdistricts, 12 towns and 2 townships.

### Subdistricts

| Dongcheng Subdistrict (东城街道) Xicheng Subdistrict (西城街道) Nancheng Subdistrict (南城街道) Beicheng Subdistrict (北城街道) Mudan Subdistrict (牡丹街道) | Danyang Subdistrict (丹阳街道) Yuecheng Subdistrict (岳程街道) Dianhutun Subdistrict (佃户屯街道) Helou Subdistrict (何楼街道) Wanfu Subdistrict (万福街道) |

### Towns

| Shatu (沙土镇) Wudian (吴店镇) Wangjietun (王浩屯镇) Huanggang (黄堽镇) Dusi (都司镇) Gaozhuang (高庄镇) | Xiaoliu (小留镇) Licun (李村镇) Malinggang (马岭岗镇) Anxing (安兴镇) Dahuangji (大黄集镇) Lüling (吕陵镇) |

### Townships

* Huji Township (胡集乡)
* Huangzhen Township (皇镇乡)

## Transportation

* Heze railway station
# Evita (2008 film)

Evita is a documentary about Eva Duarte. The film was written and directed by Eduardo Montes-Bradley. Conformed in its entirety with previously unseen historical footage and documents, the documentary reconstructs the life of former Argentine first lady from a neutral perspective.
The film starts with an examination of Evita Duarte's origins, her relationship with her parents (particularly her father) and siblings. Evita approaches intimate aspects of Duarte's early childhood and adolescence, leading to her resolving to flee her home in the countryside for the capital city of Buenos Aires. The latter segments of the film are highlighted by interviews with former teachers from her elementary schooling in Junin. Throughout the film, the director is reminding the audience of the domestic and international context out of which Evita Duarte emerged, enhancing the viewer's understanding of the facts. The second act of the film concludes with her funeral in Buenos Aires. The third act exposes the macabre plot to have Evita Peron's corpse disappear, and looks at the curious series of events leading to the exchange of corpses between the Peronist youth and the military regime.
Evita premiered in the US on WCVE Richmond-PBS, and WHTJ Charlottesville-PBS on July 12, 2012. Evita has been included in courses on Political Science and History. Most recently, the documentary was listed 11 in the “Top 25 Political Documentaries That Shed Light On Latin America’s Reality"

## Film festivals

Evita was screened at the Virginia Film Festival, in Charlottesville, on November 4, 2011.
# Morarji Desai Setu

Morarji Desai Setu is a weir-cum-causeway on the Tapi River in Surat, Gujarat, India. It connects Rander and Katargam neighbourhoods. It was built in 1995 at an approximate cost of ₹35 crore (equivalent to ₹209 crore or US$25 million in 2023).
# Microstructured optical arrays

Microstructured optical arrays (MOAs) are instruments for focusing x-rays. MOAs use total external reflection at grazing incidence from an array of small channels to bring x-rays to a common focus. This method of focusing means that MOAs exhibit low absorption. MOAs are used in applications that require x-ray focal spots in the order of few micrometers or below, such as radiobiology of individual cells. Current MOA-based focusing optics designs have two consecutive array components in order to reduce comatic aberration.

## Properties

MOAs are achromatic (which means the focal properties do not change for radiation of different wavelengths) as they utilize grazing incidence reflection. This means that they are able to focus chromatic radiation to a common point unlike zone plates. MOAs are also adjustable as the optic can be compressed to alter the focal properties such as focal length. Focal length can be calculated for the system in fig. 1 using the geometry shown in fig. 2 where it can be seen that changing the gap between the components (d+D in the figure) or the radius of curvature (R) will have a large effect on the focal length.
MOAs have been used in configurations shown in figs. 1 & 3 whereby one or both components can be adjusted. This has varying effects on the focal properties, in general it has been found that smaller focal spot sizes are apparent when MOAs are used as shown in fig. 1 with only the second component adjusted.
The focal length of this system can be calculated using the geometry shown below:

## Manufacturing

Current microstructured optical arrays are composed of silicon and created via the Bosch process, an example of Deep reactive ion etching and not to be confused with the Haber–Bosch process. In the Bosch process the channels are etched into the silicon using a plasma (plasma (physics)) in increments of a few micrometres. In between each etching the silicon is coated with a polymer in order to preserve the integrity of the channel walls.

## Applications

The focal spot size is important in x-ray microprobe instrumentation where x-rays are focused onto a biological sample to investigate phenomena such as the bystander effect.
To target a specific cell the focal spot size of the system must be around 10 micrometers, whereas to target specific areas of a cell such as the cytoplasm or the cell nucleus it should be no more than a few micrometers. Currently, only MOAs in the configuration shown in fig. 1 are thought to be able to achieve this.
MOAs provide a good alternative to zone plates in microprobe use due to the adjustable focal properties (making cell alignment easier) and ability to provide focusing of chromatic radiation to a single point. This is particularly useful when considering the finding that different effects can be observed using radiation of different wavelengths.
# Tissanga

Tissanga is a genus of moths in the family Eupterotidae.

## Species

* Tissanga kiboriana Basquin & Darge, 2011
* Tissanga murphyi Bouyer, 2012
* Tissanga pretoriae (Distant, 1892)
* Tissanga zambiana Darge & Minetti, 2012
# E610

E610 may refer to:
* E610, the storage tank that caused the Bhopal disaster
* The SPV E610, a model of Orange SPV
* E610, a train of the South African Class 5E1, Series 2
# Calosoma oberthueri

Calosoma oberthueri is a species in the beetle family Carabidae. It is found in Angola.
# Vidas

Vidas may refer to:

## People

* Vidas Alunderis (born 1979), Lithuanian footballer
* Vidas Bičiulaitis (born 1971), Lithuanian boxer
* Vidas Blekaitis (born 1972), Lithuanian strongman
* Vidas Dančenka (born 1973), Lithuanian football player
* Vidas Ginevičius (born 1978), Lithuanian professional basketball point guard
* Vidas Kupčinskas (born 1971), Lithuanian sprint canoer
* Vidas Mikalauskas (born 1955), Lithuanian politician representing the Social Democratic Party
* Eliyahu de Vidas (1518–1592), 16th-century rabbi in Ottoman Palestine
# Disc Jam

Disc Jam is a video game for the PlayStation 4, Microsoft Windows and Nintendo Switch. Developed and published by High Horse Entertainment, it was one of the PlayStation Plus free games for download for the month of March 2017.

## Gameplay

The game combines elements of air hockey and tennis in a manner similar to the game Windjammers. However, while Windjammers is played from an overhead top-down perspective from the sidelines, Disc Jam is played from a behind the character, third-person perspective. The game feature 1 vs 1, and 2 vs 2 matches, allowing for up to four player multiplayer, either locally or online.

## Development and release

The game was first announced in June 2016 as part of E3 2016. A demo was available to play in September 2016 at Minecon 2016. The game is being developed by High Horse Entertainment, a studio formed by two ex-Activision employees who had previously worked on developing entries in the Tony Hawk, Call of Duty, and Guitar Hero series of video games. The game received a limited beta release on February 17, 2017. On March 1, 2017, the game was announced by Sony as one of the monthly free PS Plus games for March 2017, being made available on March 7, making its release date and PS Plus availability the same date.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 71/100 (PS4) |

### Pre-release

The game's beta release was generally well received. Sammy Barker of Push Square felt that the game had the potential to be the next Rocket League in a review of the beta version, due to its smooth online gameplay and high level of player customization, though he conceded it would need more improvement with its control and presentation before it would be ready for mainstream audiences. Many other journalists favorably compared the game to Rocket League as well, noting how both titles aimed to add a sci-fi twist with emphasis on online multiplayer, to a traditional sport.

### Post-release

Disc Jam received average reviews, with a score of 71/100 on Metacritic.
# Kimberly Tomes

Kimberly Louise Tomes (born August 20, 1955) is an American model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss USA 1977.
Tomes won the Miss Texas USA title in 1976 and later represented Texas in the Miss USA 1977 pageant held in Charleston, South Carolina. In the nationally televised pageant, Tomes won the Miss USA title, becoming the first woman from Texas to do so. Her placement followed many high placements for Texas in previous years and a consistent level of achievement throughout the pageant's history. In July Tomes represented the United States at the Miss Universe 1977 pageant held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic and made the semi-finals.
As Miss USA Tomes made appearances in the United States and also traveled to the Philippines and Mexico.
Tomes holds a degree in physical education from Texas A&M University, one of two Miss USA winners to graduate from that university. The second is Kandace Krueger, Miss Texas USA and Miss USA 2001. She later worked in the entertainment industry, and retained ties to the Miss Texas USA pageant, hosting the event for twelve years.
# David J. Peck

David Jones Peck (c. 1826–1855) was an American physician. He was the first African American to receive a Doctor of Medicine from an American medical school. He graduated in 1847 from Rush Medical College in Chicago.

## Biography

Peck, a native of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was born to Sarah Jones Peck and John C. Peck (1802–1875), a prominent abolitionist of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. John Peck, a native of Hagerstown, Maryland, was a barber, wigmaker, and minister who was active in cultural and antislavery activities in and around Pittsburgh, where he lived after 1837. From about 1844 to 1846, David Peck studied medicine under Dr. Joseph P. Gazzam, a white anti-slavery physician. After his two years of study with Gazzam, Peck entered Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, in autumn 1846, and graduated in 1847. During the summer after graduation, Peck toured the state of Ohio with William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass.
He set up a medical practice in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1848. He married Mary Lewis in Chicago in 1849. When his medical practice in Philadelphia proved unsuccessful, he returned to Pittsburgh in 1850.
At the suggestion of Martin R. Delany, Peck moved to San Juan del Norte, Nicaragua, in early 1852.
Peck was killed in spring 1855 in a skirmish between Democratic forces and their Republican rivals at Jalteva, Nicaragua (near Granada) in the Filibuster War. The latter forces had been deposed after an election in 1854. Peck's death is recollected by Charles William Doubleday (1829–1909) in Chapter 4 of his Reminiscences of the 'Filibuster' War in Nicaragua. Peck died as the result of concussion injuries sustained when a Republican cannonier fired on the position from which Doubleday and Peck had been observing their activities.
# Denizgöründü, Çanakkale

Denizgöründü is a village in the Çanakkale District of Çanakkale Province in Turkey. Its population is 137 (2021).
# Crossotus saxosicollis

Crossotus saxosicollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fairmaire in 1893.
# Tineke Verburg

Christine Maria Verburg (25 February 1956 – 13 June 2020) was a Dutch television presenter and journalist. She is known for the magazine programme TROS Aktua.
Verburg started her career in 1979 as an announcer with TROS and became presenter of TROS Aktua in 1984. Later she also presented the game show TROS Triviant as well as Hollywood Boulevard and Lunch TV. In 2001 Verburg moved to commercial broadcasting company RTL before rejoining TROS in 2010.
She died after a long illness in June 2020.
# E60

E60 or E 60 may refer to:

## Transportation

* European route E60, a highway running from France to Kyrgyzstan
* BMW E60, a 2003-2010 platform number for the BMW 5 Series luxury German sedans
* GE E60, an American boxcab electric locomotive
* Mercedes-Benz E-60 AMG, in the Mercedes-Benz W124 series
* New Flyer E60, a high-floor trolleybus
* Obihiro-Hiroo Expressway, route E60 in Japan

## Other uses

* Nokia E60, a mobile phone
* E:60, a sports television program on ESPN
* Electronika 60, a computer
* King's Indian Defence (Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code)
# Polycarpaea hayoides

Polycarpaea hayoides is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is endemic to Socotra in Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and plantations .
# Constant Camber 37

The Constant Camber 37 is a trimaran sailboat designed by John Marples in the 1980s.
# Norsk Salmebok (1985)

Norsk Salmebok (Norwegian Hymnal), published in 1985, was the official hymnal of the Church of Norway from 1985 to 2013.

## History

The hymnal was approved "for use in parishes that adopt it" under a royal resolution of June 29, 1984. The hymnal replaced the 1926 and 1924 hymnals.
Work on the hymnal began in 1954. A preliminary result of this was Salmer 1973 (1973 Hymns), which introduced many new songs, such as ballads and rounds, into the church. The final draft was published as NOU 1981:40 "Norsk salmebok. Forslag til ny salmebok for Den norske kirke" (Norwegian Hymnal: A Proposal for a New Hymnal for the Church of Norway). In addition to hymns, it also contains processional songs, Bible verses, Biblical psalms (whose lyrics are Biblical verses), liturgical songs, and chanted prayers. Of the book's 810 hymns (out of total 953 items), 500 were taken from the two previous books, and 310 hymns were new material.

## Editions

Although the hymnal is basically common to both variants of Norwegian, there are two different editions, with covers in burgundy (Bokmål) and bottle green (Nynorsk), in which the introductory texts are in the different language variants.
In 2002, Verbum publishers issued an expanded version, titled Norsk Salmebok med bønnebok (Norwegian Hymnal with Prayer Book). The hymn selection was unchanged, but the volume was expanded with its own prayer book for daily or thematic use.

## Supplement

In 1997, an official supplement to the hymnal was issued, titled Salmer 1997 (1997 Hymns). In addition to more recent Norwegian hymns and liturgical songs, this also includes a selection of Sami hymns and material from Latin America, the Taizé Community, and other Christian traditions in addition to that of Norway, as well as individual pop song contributions (including songs by Bjørn Eidsvåg).
A committee appointed by the Norwegian Church prepared a complete revision of the hymnal, the result of which was the 2013 hymnal issued in November that year.

## Sami

The hymnal was published in a Northern Sami version in 2005, titled Sálbmagirji II. Prior to this, the 1924 hymnal and a hymnal for children had been published in Sami-language versions.
# Disc biacuplasty

Disk biacuplasty is a medical procedure that applies heat to the annulus of disks that separate the vertebra of the back with the goal of ablating the neurons that generate pain sensations. The procedure is designed to reduce chronic back pain caused by the intervertebral discs. The procedure is in the early stages of testing with some evidence of efficacy.
As possible advantages to conventional techniques, the developers of the procedure cite its ease of use and a lack of artificial concentric fissures. The procedure may destroy pain nerves without damaging nearby tissues, though evidence for this comes only from studies with cadavers. Testing on pigs suggested it heats the desired area without damaging the dorsal root ganglia or spinal nerve roots, though the cells of the disc demonstrate histological changes.
# Mrs. O'Leary's Cow

Mrs. O'Leary's Cow may refer to:
* The cow belonging to Mrs. Catherine O'Leary, often blamed in folklore for starting the Great Chicago Fire of 1871
* "Mrs. O'Leary's Cow", an instrumental song by Brian Wilson