OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cromvoirt

Cromvoirt is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Vught.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1312 as Crumvoert, and means "crooked fordable place".
The Catholic St Lambertus Church was built in 1888. In 1891, the tower was constructed next to the church. The tower was blown up by the Germans in 1944, and only partially restored.
Cromvoirt was home to 393 people in 1840. Cromvoirt was a separate municipality until 1933, when it was merged with Vught. The northern part of the municipality, containing the hamlet Deuteren, became a part of the municipality of 's-Hertogenbosch.

## Gallery

* St Lambertus Church
* House in Cromvoirt
* Farm in Cromvoirt
# Elizabeth Spencer

Elizabeth Spencer may refer to:
* Elizabeth Spencer (writer) (1921–2019), American novelist
* Elizabeth Spencer (soprano) (1871–1935), American soprano, recording artist for Thomas Alva Edison
* Lady Elizabeth Spencer (1737–1831), wife of Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke
* Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon (1552–1618), English noblewoman, scholar, and patron of the arts
* Elizabeth Spencer, Duchess of Marlborough (c. 1713–1761)

## Characters

* Elizabeth Webber, fictional character on the American soap opera General Hospital -- at one time married to Lucky Spencer
* Betty Spencer, fictional character in Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em
# Criomacha

Criomacha is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# Elsie Smeaton Munro

Elizabeth "Elsie" Smeaton Munro (1880 – 20 December 1961) was a Scottish writer, singer, and performer.

## Early life

Munro was born in Glasgow, the daughter of John M. M. Munro and Margaret Dunlop Smeaton. Her father was a noted electrical and civil engineer, as was her older brother, Donald Smeaton Munro. Her younger brother, Ion Smeaton Munro, was a diplomat, journalist, and book collector. Neil Munro was a relative.

## Career

Munro starred in a 1904 production of La fille de Madame Angot in Glasgow in 1904. She wrote a comic operetta, The Kink, performed in Glasgow in 1910, with music by George Henry Martin. Her short plays Rosemary and The Cottage of Content were performed in Glasgow in 1916, as a wartime benefit for the Limbless Sailors' and Soldiers' Hospital.
Munro wrote scripts for the Children's Hour programme on BBC Radio, and gave recitals and reports for broadcast. She also wrote two books, Glasgow Flourish (1911), and Topsy-Turvy Tales (1923), a collection of "utterly ridiculous" fairy tales called "refreshingly original" in The Publishers' Circular.

## Publications

* Glasgow Flourish: Short Sketches (1911)
* Topsy-Turvy Tales (1923, illustrated by W. Heath Robinson)
* "Passing Sheep" (poem, in a 1971 anthology of Scottish verse)

## Personal life and legacy

Munro married engineer William Inglis Bilsland in 1913. Her husband died in 1953, and she died in 1961, at the age of 79. The Elsie Smeaton Munro Collection of Theatre Memorabilia is in the Scottish Theatre Archive at Glasgow University Library.
# Lionel Glendenning

Lionel William Augustus Glendenning, B.Arch., M.Arch.(Harvard) (born 1941) is an Australian architect.

## Career

In 1959 Glendenning was appointed architectural draftsman with the (NSW) Department of Public Works, and promoted to architect in 1967.
Glendenning was 1968 Harvard Menzies Scholar.
Glendenning was the architect behind the Powerhouse Museum.
# Linda Rich

Linda Rich is an American actress and hazzan.

## Education

She majored in Theatre Arts and Music at San Francisco State University, and received scholarships to study acting at the American Conservatory Theater (ACT), musical theatre at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, and is also an accomplished classical pianist. Linda is married to Philip Freed of London, England.

## Career

Rich became the first female cantor to daven (chant) in a Conservative synagogue (specifically Temple Beth Zion in Los Angeles), although she was not ordained until 1996 when she finally received her ordination of "Hazzan Minister" from the "Jewish Theological Seminary" in New York. That same year she became a member of the "Cantors Assembly of America". The 1984 Olympics were held in Los Angeles, and Rich was chosen as their official cantor; she also sang at the "1984 World Chassidic Festival" in Haifa, Jerusalem, and Tel Aviv. An album entitled "World Chassidic Festival" was later released, containing among other songs her recording of "Barcheynu Avinu." In January 2008, she received a Commendation from the "City of Los Angeles" for her "extraordinary talent and accomplishments".
# Black River (Severn River tributary)

The Black River is a river in Simcoe County, the District Municipality of Muskoka, the City of Kawartha Lakes, and Haliburton County in Central Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Great Lakes Basin, and is a right tributary of the Severn River.

## Course

The river begins at Hosiery Lake and flows southwest to Raven Lake, then passes under Ontario Highway 35 and into the municipality of Lake of Bays, District Municipality of Muskoka. It continues southwest into Minden Hills, Haliburton County, then back into Muskoka District in the municipality of Bracebridge, passes under Ontario Highway 118 and flows by the community of Vankoughnet, and enters the city of Kawartha Lakes. The river turns west, flows over the Ragged Rapids, exits Kawartha Lakes, briefly forms the border between Simcoe County and Muskoka District, flows through the Big Eddy, then reaches the community of Cooper's Falls in the municipality of Ramara, Simcoe County. It turns south, then heads west, takes in the left tributary Head River, turns north, and reaches its mouth at the Severn River's easternmost outflow from the latter river's source at Lake Couchiching. The Severn River flows to Lake Huron.

## History

It is a common misconception that the Black River flows into Lake Couchiching. This was a problem for lumbermen in the 1860s, who established the Rama Timber Transport Company, to move logs from the Black River to Lake Couchiching.

## Tributaries

* St. John Creek (left)
* Head River (left)
* Riley Creek (right)
* Montgomery Creek (left)
* Anson Creek (left)
* Andrews Creek (left)
* Cache Creek (left)
* Ketch Creek (left)
* Clear Creek (right)
* Cinder Creek (left)
* South Jean Creek (left)
* Orillia Creek (right)
* Horse Creek (left)
# Michael Ahern (Irish politician)

Michael Ahern (born 20 January 1949) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician who served as a Minister of State from 1992 to 1993 and from 2002 to 2008. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork East constituency from 1982 to 2011.

## Early life

Michael Ahern was born in Dungourney, County Cork. He was educated at Dungourney National School, Rockwell College, County Tipperary, and University College Dublin where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Politics and Psychology. He also attended Holy Ghost Missionary College, Kimmage Manor, Dublin, where he studied Theology. For a brief period in the early 1970s, Ahern worked as a secondary school teacher. In 1973, he became an accountancy student at Coopers & Lybrand, Cork. In 1977, he became financial controller with a building construction firm in Cork.

## Personal life

He is married to Margaret Monahan and they have three daughters, one of whom, Barbara Ahern, contested the 2016 general election in Cork East for Fianna Fáil unsuccessfully.
Michael Ahern is the son of Liam Ahern, a Senator between 1957 and 1973, and a TD from 1973 until 1974. Ahern's Grand-uncle, John Dinneen, was also a member of the Dáil between 1922 and 1927. Michael Ahern's brother Maurice Ahern was a long-standing Fianna Fáil member of Cork County Council but lost his seat in the 2009 local elections.

## Political career

Ahern was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the February 1982 general election and held the until 2011. In 1984, he received his first major promotion when he became Fianna Fáil Deputy spokesperson on Transport in Charles Haughey's front bench. During his career in the Dáil, Ahern has served on a number of committees, including the Public Accounts Committee, the Joint Committee of Health and Children and the Joint Committee on Finance and Public Service. Between 1992 and 1993, he served as Minister of State at the Department of Industry and Commerce with responsibility for Science and Technology. Between 1994 and 1997, he served as Opposition Spokesperson on the Office of Public Works and Taxation. In 2002, Fianna Fáil were re-elected and Ahern was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment with responsibility for Trade and Commerce.
After the 2007 general election he was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment with responsibility for Innovation Policy. On 13 May 2008, after Brian Cowen became Taoiseach, Ahern lost his position as Minister of State and was not appointed to any other junior ministry.
He lost his seat at the 2011 general election. He was an unsuccessful candidate for Cork County Council at the 2014 local elections.
# Count Us In: Growing Up with Down Syndrome

Count Us In: Growing Up with Down Syndrome is a nonfiction book written by Jason Kingsley and Mitchell Levitz who both have Down syndrome. Kingsley and Levitz discuss their lives and views on Down syndrome.

## Summary

Published in 1994, the book chronicles the friendship of Jason Kingsley and Mitchell Levitz. The book was edited in part by Jason Kingsley's mother, Emily Kingsley. The stories were based on 50 transcripts of conversations where the two express their ideas on various issues including friendship, marriage, sexual relationships, politics, jobs, finance and independence from their families. Kingsley and Levitz also discuss how they were raised under a home-based early intervention program, instead of focusing only on the disabilities associated with Down syndrome.
# Max and the Cats

Max and the Cats is a 1981 novella by Brazilian writer and physician Moacyr Scliar. It was first published in Portuguese, then published in English in 1990. It tells the story of Max Schmidt, born in Berlin in 1912, who comes of age just before the Nazis take power. After offending them by having an affair with a married woman, Max is forced to flee the country. He ends up on a ship bound for Brazil that sinks as part of an insurance scam and finds himself trapped in a dinghy with a jaguar—one of a number of zoo animals caged in the hold—but after being rescued and making a life for himself in Brazil continues to find his German past impossible to escape.
The novel came to widespread public attention in 2002 when Canadian writer Yann Martel won the Man Booker Prize for Life of Pi. Martel's novel is about a boy, Pi, who finds himself trapped on a boat with a tiger after the ship he and his family are sailing on sinks. The family were zookeepers, and the animals they were transporting in the hold sink with the rest of the ship, except for a tiger and some others who make it onto the lifeboat with Pi. In Life of Pi's acknowledgments, Martel thanked Scliar for "the spark of life," but later said he had not read Scliar's novel, only a review of it.

## Plot

Max is forced to flee Nazi Germany after he and his friend, Harald, have an affair with Frida, whose husband denounces them to the Gestapo for inappropriate behaviour. He flees the country on the Germania, a ship bound for Santos, Brazil, with zoo animals in the hold and very few passengers, but the captain is involved in an insurance scam, and the ship is deliberately sunk. Max finds a dinghy on board with some provisions, and manages to lower it into the sea. The next day the sun is beating down on him, and he fears for his life without cover. He reaches out for a large closed box that has fallen from the ship next to him, hoping he can use it for shelter, but when he opens the padlock, something jumps out of the box and into the dinghy, knocking him unconscious. When he opens his eyes, "[t]he howl that he let out resounded in the air." Sitting on the bench in front of him is a jaguar.
Max and the jaguar are stranded on the dinghy together for days, with only some basic provisions stored in the dinghy for emergencies. Max decides to start fishing to make sure the jaguar is not hungry, and briefly wonders whether he could train him. A shark approaches at one point, but the jaguar bats it away, saving them both; Max is so grateful that he hugs the animal, then pulls himself away in horror. At the very moment Max decides he cannot stand being alone with the jaguar anymore—after watching him tear a seagull apart—the jaguar appears to have a similar thought, and they both lunge at each other, colliding in midair. Max loses consciousness, and when he opens his eyes finds he has been rescued by a Brazilian ship. He asks about the jaguar, but the sailors assume he is delirious.
# Ercole Gennari

Ercole Gennari (10 March 1597 – 27 June 1658) was an Italian Renaissance drawer and painter.
Son of the painter Benedetto Gennari and Julia Bovi, Ercole was baptized in the collegiate church of San Biagio, in Cento. He originally studied to be a surgeon. However his lifetime association with the painter Guercino, including the marrying his sister Lucia in 1628, and the guidance and influence of his father and his older brother the painter Bartolomeo Gennari (1594-1661), led Ercole to choose the profession of painter. His style puts him in the Bolognese School of painting. He painted Madonna and Child with St. Felix of Cantalice and Trinity with Saints Ursula, Francesco and Antonio, preserved in the Pinacoteca Comunale di Cesena. After the death of Paul Anthony, the brother of Guercino who was the assistant principal and administrator of the painting workshop, Ercole went to live with his wife and sons Benedetto and Cesare, in Bologna, in the house of Guercino, who, without a family of his own, needed someone to maintain the relationships with customers and administer the property, which he bequeathed to the young grandchildren to whom he had also taught him to paint. Ercole Gennari was buried in the family chapel of the Bolognese church of St. Nicholas of Albari.
# Martina Conroy

Martina Conroy is a camogie player, a member of the Galway team that contested the All Ireland finals of 2010 and 2011,

## Other awards

All Ireland Club Championship 2011, All Ireland Intermediate 2009, Junior Gael Linn Cup 2007, All Ireland Minor 2004.
# Edgar Reynolds

Lieutenant-Colonel Edgar Hercules Reynolds OBE (20 October 1878 – 28 August 1965) commanded the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) during World War I. Reynolds' role was mostly administrative, as AFC squadrons were usually subordinate to Australian ground forces or British air commands.
Reynolds was born in Paddington, Sydney in 1878.
In 1901, he was commissioned as a probationary Second Lieutenant in the NSW Military Forces (prior to the formation of the Australian Army).
Reynolds attended the British Army Staff College, Camberley (1911–13), where he developed an interest in military aviation. At Camberley, he was instructed by, among others Robert Brooke-Popham (a future Air Chief Marshal of the RAF) and wrote papers on the use of aircraft in artillery spotting.
In March 1914, Reynolds – at the time a Major – was appointed General Staff Officer in charge of a branch covering "Intelligence, Censorship, and Aviation" within the Army's Department of Military Operations. Following the outbreak of World War I and the expansion of the Army, aviation later became a separate branch commanded by Reynolds.
From 1916, Reynolds also took direct command of No. 1 Squadron at RAAF Point Cook, near Melbourne. Later that year, he travelled to the Middle East with the squadron, before assuming the post of Staff Officer for Aviation at Australian Imperial Force Headquarters in London.
# Potentilla newberryi

Potentilla newberryi is a species of cinquefoil known by the common name Newberry's cinquefoil. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of the United States from Washington to the northeastern Modoc Plateau in California and Nevada.

## Distribution

It grows in moist habitat, particularly drying areas such as receding vernal pools and evaporating puddles. It is a dominant plant in many kinds of local habitat, such as sagebrush and juniper woodlands.

## Description

The Potentilla newberryi plant may be annual or perennial. It grows from a taproot and produces a basal rosette of leaves. The hairy leaves are made up of a few overlapping pairs of deeply lobed leaflets.
The inflorescence is a cyme of several flowers, each with usually five white petals a few millimeters long.
# Potentilla pickeringii

Potentilla pickeringii, also known as silky mousetail and Pickering's ivesia, is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California where it is a plant of mountain meadows, often on serpentine soils.

## Description

Potentilla pickeringii is a perennial herb forming tufts of long, erect leaves and thin, naked stems. Each leaf is a taillike strip of overlapping lobed leaflets. The reddish to greenish stems reach 30 to 50 centimeters in height and bear inflorescences of clustered flowers. The stems, leaves, and inflorescences are all covered in fuzzy white to gray hairs. Each flower is about a centimeter wide, with pinkish-green triangular sepals and longer, narrower pink or purple petals. In the center of the flower are 20 stamens and a few pistils.
# Kingston, Autauga County, Alabama

Kingston, also known as Old Kingston, is an unincorporated community in Autauga County, Alabama. Kingston served as the county seat of Autauga County from 1830 to 1868, when it was moved to Prattville. Kingston became a ghost town, until a new community was formed around the home of Edmund Meredith Shackelford, an officer who served in the War of 1812. A post office was operated in Kingston from 1830 to 1908.
The community was devastated by an intense EF3 tornado on January 12, 2023. Dozens of mobile homes were completely destroyed, seven people were killed, and 16 others were injured. The tornado came just 9 days after another tornado struck the area, although it was a much weaker one that was rated EF0.
# Clan Innes

Clan Innes is a Highland and Lowland Scottish clan. The clan takes its name from the lands of Innes in Moray, Scotland. The de facto chief of the clan is the Duke of Roxburghe, directly descended in the male line from the Innes Baronets, chiefs of the name.

## History

Clan Innes claims descent from a Berowald, a Flemish knight, who was given the lands of Innes by Malcolm IV of Scotland in 1160. Berowald's grandson, Walter, assumed the surname Innes and was granted a charter of confirmation by Alexander II of Scotland in 1226. In 1452, Robert Innes, the eleventh laird, fought under the Earl of Huntly at the Battle of Brechin. He later founded the Greyfriars of Elgin in an attempt to repay for his sins. The twentieth chief of Clan Innes, Sir Robert, was a Member of Parliament for Moray and was made a baronet of Nova Scotia in 1625. The third baronet, Sir James, married Lady Margaret Ker (whom through the sixth baronet inherited the Ker dukedom of Roxburghe. The twenty-fifth chief (and sixth baronet), Sir James Innes, claimed the dukedom of Roxburghe in 1805 when the previous duke died without a direct heir. Later, in 1812 the House of Lords ruled in favour of Sir James, rejecting claims by the heir female of the second earl and heir male whatsoever of the first earl. Because of the ruling Sir James took the surname Innes-Ker and was titled James Innes-Ker, 5th Duke of Roxburghe. The present duke of Roxburghe is heir to the chiefship of the clan, however since he bears the surname Innes-Ker the Lord Lyon King of Arms will not recognise him as chief of the name Innes.

## Heraldry

The crest badge suitable for clan members to wear contains the heraldic crest of a boar's head erased Proper, and the heraldic motto of BE TRAIST.

## Tartans

Clan Innes has two historical tartans, They are called "Innes Red" and "Innes Hunting", Innes Red is the first Tartan discovered, However, there are many variations of the Innes Red, The most known version is titled in the Scottish Register of Tartans as "Innes (Of Moray)" other versions are called "Innes (D C Stewart)" and "Innes" the one most commonly used is "Innes (of Moray)"
The Innes Hunting tartan is the newest found tartan, It was registered on the Scottish Register of Tartans by Colin Innes of Tulchan with agreement of The Duke of Roxburghe in the Lyon Court Books 19, April, 1969. It is identical to the "Innes (miniature)" tartan taken from a miniature of Georgina Innes at Edingight. There are many other Tartans registered to Clan Innes, These include "Innes of Cowie", "Innes Dress" and "Innes Red, Dress (Dance)".
# Clarence E. Walker

Clarence Earl Walker (1941-2024) was an American historian and Distinguished Professor in the Department of History at the University of California, Davis. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from San Francisco State University and a doctorate from the University of California, Berkeley.
Walker works on Black American studies. In 2001, his book We Can't Go Home Again: An Argument About Afrocentrism was selected as an International Book of the Year by The Times Literary Supplement.
In 2015, he was awarded the US$45000 UC Davis Prize for Undergraduate Teaching and Scholarly Achievement. He planned to retire in June 2015.
His publications include:
* Mongrel Nation: The America Begotten by Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings, University of Virginia Press, 2009
* We Can't Go Home Again: An Argument About Afrocentrism, Oxford University Press, 2001
* Deromanticizing Black History: Critical Essays and Reappraisals, University of Tennessee Press, 1991

## Critique of Afrocentrism

Clarence E. Walker in 2001, referred to Afrocentrism as being “therapeutic mythology." He also noted: "In 1976, a group of French scientists working with the permission of the Egyptian government examined the mummy of Ramses II and concluded that the dead king was a 'leucoderm,' that is, a fair-skinned man, like prehistoric or ancient Mediterraneans, or, perhaps, the Berbers of Africa. The only Egyptian dynasty that could be called black without qualification, in the modern sense of the word, is the 25th Dynasty, 747-656 BCE."
# Postage stamps and postal history of Bahawalpur

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Bahawalpur.

## First stamps

Bahawalpur used the postage stamps of British India until 1945. On 1 January 1945, it issued its own stamps, for official use only, a set of pictorials inscribed entirely in Arabic.

## Commemorative stamps

On 1 December 1947 the state issued its first regular stamp, a commemorative stamp for the 200th anniversary of the ruling family, depicting Mohammad Bahawal Khan I, and inscribed "BAHAWALPUR". A series of 14 values appeared 1 April 1948, depicting various Nawabs and buildings. A handful of additional commemoratives ended with an October 1949 issue commemorating the 75th anniversary of the Universal Postal Union. After this the state adopted Pakistani stamps for external mail. Bahawalpur stamps continued to be valid for internal mail until 1953.
# King Shark (disambiguation)

King Shark is a fictional supervillain appearing in comic books published by DC Comics.
King Shark may also refer to:
* King Shark (DC Extended Universe), a version of the character featuring in the DC Extended Universe film series
* King Shark (Arrowverse), a version of the character featuring in the Arrowverse television universe
* "King Shark" (The Flash episode), an episode of The Flash
# Kipfler potato

Kipfler is a potato variety originating from Austria. The kipfler is elongated with a yellow skin and light yellow flesh. There are various families of these potatoes including the kerkauer kipfler from the Czech Republic or the naglerner kipfler from Germany. They are very popular in Australia.

## Nutrition

These potatoes contain manganese, potassium, fiber, copper and vitamin C.

## Etymology

The name Kipfler comes from the German kipfel, meaning 'croissant'.
# Pothyne mouhoti

Pothyne mouhoti is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1982.