OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Esmé Stewart, 2nd Duke of Richmond

Esmé Stuart, 2nd Duke of Richmond, 5th Duke of Lennox (2 November 1649 – 10 August 1660) was the infant son and heir of James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond, 4th Duke of Lennox (1612–1655), of Cobham Hall in Kent, by his wife Mary Villiers (1622–1685), only daughter of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham.
His father, who had been a loyal supporter of King Charles I during the Civil War, died in 1655, and Esmé and his mother went into exile in France. He died of smallpox in 1660, aged 10, in Paris, when his titles passed to his first-cousin Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox (1638–1672).

## Monument

He was buried on 4 September 1660 in Westminster Abbey, in the Richmond Vault in the Henry VII Chapel (that king formerly having been Earl of Richmond) above which survives his simple monument comprising a black obelisk set against a wall and standing on four small skulls, surmounted by an urn containing his heart. On the plinth is an incised ducal coronet and the letters "ES RL" (for Esme Stuart, Richmond, Lennox). The Latin inscription may be translated as:
    Sacred to his memory. In this urn is enclosed the heart, while below rests the body, of the most illustrious Duke, Esme Stuart. Let him who seeks his parentage know that he inherited from his father James, firstly Duke of Lennox and then of Richmond and Lennox, the same title and rank, while from his mother Mary, only daughter of George, Duke of Buckingham, he derived his life and spirit, which afterwards he breathed out at Paris in the 11th year of his age on 14 (sic, should be 10) day of the month of August, in the year of man's salvation 1660.
# Dipsas trinitatis

Dipsas trinitatis, the Trinidad snail-eater, is a non-venomous snake found in Trinidad.
# Fernhill (band)

Fernhill is a Welsh folk band formed in 1996. They have been described by music critic and journalist Colin Irwin, as "highly regarded, innovative cultural ambassadors for Wales and its folk music, having toured in over 20 countries in four continents". Their style is described as "intimate enough with the tradition, that they are unafraid to stretch its boundaries." Stephen Rees has said of them "Their work has not only been unique but has moved and changed also over the years. They are impossible to imitate."

## Band members

The current line-up is Julie Murphy, voice; Ceri Rhys Matthews, guitar and flute; Tomos Williams, trumpet; Christine Cooper, fiddle and voice.
The original line-up, alongside Murphy and Matthews, included Andy Cutting, accordions, 1996–2002; and Jonathan Shorland, flute and bagpipes, 1996–1999. Cass Meurig, crwth and fiddle, played with the band between 2000 and 2004. Cutting and Shorland appeared on the first two albums, Ca' nôs and Llatai. The line-up on Whilia was Murphy, Matthews and Cutting. Guest musicians were Tim Harris on upright bass and Cass Meurig on fiddle, who later joined the band full-time. The line-up on hynt was Murphy, Matthews, Williams, Meurig, Tim Harris, and Dorian Phillips AKA Nobsta Nutts rapper. In 2004, Meurig was replaced by Christine Cooper on fiddle. However, the 2007 live album Na Prádle, recorded at the Na Prádle club in Prague, Czech Republic only features Murphy, Matthews and Williams. Cooper is featured on their two latest albums; Canu Rhydd and Amser on fiddle and spoken word. In concerts, the band occasionally work with guest poet Jon Gower, writer Owen Martell or rapper, Nobsta Nutts.

## Touring highlights

International appearances include Festival De Cornouaille, Quimper; Telemark, Kaustinen; Brosella jazz and folk, Brussels; Festival Interceltique de Lorient; major concerts in Athens; Rome; Brussels and Tokyo. British Council tours of Vietnam, Poland, the Czech Republic, three separate tours in southern and east Africa and in 2014 a tour in Buenos Aires and Patagonia. The group's album, Na Prádle made the Mojo (magazine) top ten folk album list in 2007. The album captures highlights of an intimate concert in Prague recorded and broadcast by Czech radio 3 during a tour of the Czech Republic in 2006.

## Discography

* Ca' nôs (Beautiful Jo Records, 1996)
* Llatai (Beautiful Jo Records, 1998)
* Whilia (Beautiful Jo Records, 2000)
* hynt (Beautiful Jo Records, 2003)
* Na Prádle (live) (Beautiful Jo Records, 2007)
* Canu Rhydd (disgyfrith, 2011)
* Amser (disgyfrith, 2014)
# Elena Maróthy-Šoltésová

Elena Maróthy-Šoltésová (6 January 1855 – 11 February 1939) was a Slovak writer and editor. She was also a leading figure in the women's movement in Slovakia.

## Biography

The daughter of Reverend Daniel Maróthy and Karolina Hudecová, she was born in Krupina and was educated in Lučenec. Her mother died while she was still young. She became a member of the committee for the Živena women's society in 1880 and served as its chair from 1894 to 1927. From 1912 to 1922, she was editor of the Živena magazine, which she helped found. Maróthy-Šoltésová also helped establish higher education for women in her country. including the Milan Rastislav Štefánik Institute.
In 1875, she married Ľudovít Michal Šoltés, a merchant; the couple had two children, but her daughter died at the age of eight and her son when he was 33.
She died in Martin at the age of 84.

## Selected works

Source:
* Proti prúdu (Against the Current), novel (1894)
* Moje deti (My Children), diary (1923–24)
* Sedemdesiat rokov života (Seventy Years of Life), memoirs (1925)
* Pohľady na literatúru (Perspectives on Literature), essays (1958)
# Kürkçü, Alaca

Kürkçü is a village in the Alaca District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 56 (2022).
# Nicolaj Rasted

Nicolaj Bredkjær Rasted (born 5 August 1985) is a Danish musician, illustrator, and producer. He is a member of Hej Matematik.

## Early years

His musical career started in Spring 2006, when he started working at The Lobby Recording Studios in Denmark, owned by his uncle Søren Rasted and Claus Norreen, both members of Danish-Norwegian hit band Aqua. Nicolaj had started back then his studies in Audio Production, and started helping his uncle Søren with recording and productions of songs for several artists.
Nicolaj recorded background vocals, and later edited the song Disappear, by former German band No Angels. The song made it to Eurovision Song Contest 2008, ending up at #23 on the final chart.
He is also credited as an associate producer on Aqua's album Megalomania, and on Martin Hoberg Hedegaard debut album "Show the World". He has stated both on his Myspace/Facebook profile, as well as on several interviews that he's an atheist.

## Musical career

Nicolaj Rasted is a member of the Danish popduo Hej Matematik with his uncle Søren Rasted. Their No. 1 album "Vi Burde Ses Noget Mere" ("We should meet more often") includes hits like: "Gymnastik", "Centerpubben", "Du & Jeg" and "Walkmand". The song "Walkmand" was named the hit of the year at the 2008 Zulu Awards, going platinum in 2009. Hej Matematik was nominated for a number of awards at the Danish Music Awards and became one of the most sold Danish records of 2008.
Rasted's musical career began in Spring, 2006 when he started in the recording studio "The Lobby" which is jointly owned by Søren Rasted and Claus Norréen. Nicolaj Rasted was involved in recording the vocals for Disappear, which was performed by the German group No Angels at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 in Belgrade, Serbia. Rasted also worked as a co-producer on a number of songs on the debut album of the Danish X-Factor winner, Martin.
Nicolaj Rasted is currently on tour with Hej Matematik. He also makes illustrations and drawings, which he shows on different social networks, before offering them for sale on his website.

## Discography

with Hej Matematik (2005–present)
    2008 Vi Burde Ses Noget Mere
    2008 Vi Burde Ses Noget Mere: Special Edition (Incl. 'Walkmand')
    2010 Alt Går Op I 6
    2013 Hej Lights 2012
# Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database

The Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database (LEDA) was a database of galaxies, created in 1983 at the Lyon Observatory. Each galaxy had a number assigned to it, which is now known as its PGC number. The Principal Galaxies Catalogue (PGC), published in 1989, was based on the Lyon-Meudon Extragalactic Database and contained cross-identifications for it. LEDA was eventually merged with Hypercat to become HyperLEDA in 2000, itself also known as PGC2003. LEDA originally contained information on more than 60 parameters for about 100,000 galaxies, and now contains information on over 3 million celestial objects, of which about 1.5 million are galaxies. The database allows astronomers around the world access to its information.
# Elisabeth Stierncrona

Elisabeth Stierncrona (9 January 1714 – 28 June 1769) was a Swedish countess and writer.

## Life

Elisabeth Stierncrona was born in Stockholm. Her parents were Baron Gabriel Stierncrona (1669-1723) and Antoinetta Maria Amija (1687-1721). She married Count Fredrik Gyllenborg (1698-1759), courtier and a leading member of the Hats (party), on the 27 April 1729. She had nine children during her marriage. As was still a custom in the Swedish aristocracy of the time, she kept her original name after marriage. Her education is unknown, but it is clear that she had a wide knowledge within Christianity and politics. Both her own family and that of her spouse were very wealthy.
The first of her published works were the political work En swensks tankar öfwer den 22 Junii 1756 (The Thoughts of a Swede regarding the events of the 22 June 1756). The subjects were the recent failed attempt of Queen Louisa Ulrika to stage a coup d'état to overthrow the parliament and the political system of the Age of Liberty and reintroduce absolute monarchy (Coup of 1756). In it she defended the current system against royal dictatorship with religious quotations. In parallel, her daughter Anna Antoinetta Gyllenborg also wrote a known political work Den kära frändens skål (1755).
Though her published works were formally anonymously published, she was well known to be the writer. Except for her published work, she has become known for the unpublished work Råd till mina barn (Advice to My Children), 274 pages of advice to her surviving children to how they should live their lives, written in 1760–1763.
During the later years of her spouse, his political career had begun to decline, which caused severe economical difficulties as he had abused his position in politics by mixing his private economy with that of the state during adventurous business projects and taken considerable loans which he was not able to repay. When he died in 1759, Elisabeth Stierncrona retired to the estate Uttersberg and was left with great debts which the estate could not repay. She tried to save her own dowry and the inheritance of her children. She failed and she was accused of creating false accounts and she was declared bankrupt in 1766. She died in Stockholm.

## Works

* En swensks tankar öfwer den 22 junii 1756. Sthlm 1756. (Grefing). 64 s. 8:o. [Anon.], political work
* Marie bästa del, eller Thet ena nödwän-diga (1-2, 1756–60), psalm book
# My Prairie Home (album)

My Prairie Home is an album by Canadian singer-songwriter Rae Spoon, released in 2013. Written and recorded as a soundtrack to the documentary film My Prairie Home, the album was a longlisted nominee for the 2014 Polaris Music Prize.
The album draws extensively on Spoon's Christian religious upbringing. In the lead track "Amy Grant", Spoon wishes to have known of Freddie Mercury in childhood rather than Amy Grant, while album closer "Can't Tear It From Me" is a reminiscence of Spoon's grandmother.
For the album, Spoon pulled back from the overt electronic music elements that have defined their musical style since 2008's superioryouareinferior, instead reverting to styles more reminiscent of their childhood influences, such as country, folk, gospel and rock, although the album still makes some use of sampling and electronic processing.
The album was recorded at co-producer Lorrie Matheson's studio in Calgary, Alberta.

## Track listing

* "Amy Grant" (2:22)
* "Sunday Dress" (2:59)
* "Glacier Step" (1:21)
* "This Used to Be the Bottom of an Ocean" (3:05)
* "Moving Bus" (1:54)
* "I Will Be a Wall" (3:01)
* "Airplane Home" (1:07)
* "Cowboy" (2:47)
* "Grass, Sky, Wind" (0:40)
* "Love Is a Hunter" (3:11)
* "How Do You Run" (3:39)
* "Truck Chase" (0:51)
* "Snake in the Water" (2:26)
* "Church" (1:28)
* "I Want" (2:58)
* "Tyrrell" (1:14)
* "God Was on Your Shoulders" (2:48)
* "Birds Take Off" (1:08)
* "Can't Tear It From Me" (2:51)
# Decline and abolition of the poor law system

The Decline and abolition of the poor law system in England and Wales can be traced to around 1870 when the proportion of the population on poor relief began to fall rapidly; this trend continued until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
The demise of the poor law system can largely be attributed to the availability of alternative sources of assistance, including membership of friendly societies and trade unions. Local government began to offer work relief outside of the poor law system, and the interventionism of the Liberal government in their Liberal reforms paved the way for the abolition of the poor law.
Use of the poor law system increased during the interwar years due to high levels of unemployment. The Local Government Act 1929 abolished poor law unions and transferred the administration of poor relief to local government, leaving the poor law system largely redundant. In 1934 the Unemployment Assistance Board gained responsibility for the unemployed, and from 1945-1948 the modern welfare state was introduced, including the National Health Service. The National Assistance Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 29) repealed all poor law legislation.
# René Turlay

René Turlay (1932–2002) was a French nuclear physicist.

## Biography

René Turlay was one of the four discoverers of charge-parity violation.
In 1957, he joined the CEA laboratory. His first work with the Saturne synchrotron concerned the study of pi meson production in nucleon-nucleon collisions at 2.3 GeV. After his doctoral thesis, he went to Princeton as a post-doc.
From 1962 to 1964, René Turlay played a major role in all phases of the memorable experiment at Brookhaven's accelerator where the CP violation phenomenon in weak interactions was discovered. This work won the 1980 Nobel Prize.
From the 1970s and until after he retired, Turlay worked regurlary at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva on a number of different projects.
# Fernhill Cemetery

Fernhill Cemetery, known as the Rural Cemetery when it opened in 1848, is located at 200 Westmorland Road in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. Renamed Fernhill in 1899, the 125 acre (0.5 km$^2$) cemetery has a special section for veterans of both World War I and World War II and is the burial site of one of only a few Canadians to ever receive the United States' highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor.
When the cemetery opened, the Church of England was the established church, and as such, there is a designated area for Church of England members. In the cemetery's Jewishsection, a stone chapel was built in 1950 with the help of the Hollywood mogul Louis B. Mayer, who grew up in Saint John and whose mother is interred here.
The cemetery contains the war graves of 103 Commonwealth service personnel, 67 of World War I and 36 of World War II.
Fernhill has operated a crematorium onsite since 1939, when it was the first crematorium east of Montreal.

## Notable persons interred

* Amos Edwin Botsford (1804–1894), statesman
* Ward Chipman (1754–1824), Attorney General of New Brunswick
* Robert Foulis (1796–1866), engineer and artist
* John Douglas Hazen (1860–1937), statesman, Premier of New Brunswick
* Anna Minerva Henderson (1887–1987), teacher, civil servant, and poet
* George E. King (1839–1901), statesman, Premier of New Brunswick, Supreme Court of Canada justice
* George Frederick Phillips (1862–1908) Spanish–American War hero, U.S. Medal of Honor
* William H. Steeves (1814–1873), a father of Confederation
* Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley (1818–1896), a father of Confederation
* W. Rupert Turnbull (1870–1954), aeronautical engineer, inventor
# Elena Mederos

Elena Inés Mederos y Cabañas de González (13 January 1900 - 25 September 1981) was a Cuban human rights and women's rights activist, a feminist, and social reformer. She was the first Minister of Social Work in Cuba.
Mederos founded several organizations including the School of Social Services at the University of Havana; the Foundation for Social Services, which developed programs for children's organizations in Cuba; "Of Human Rights" (New York City, 1961); and a Cuban exile lobby that worked for the release of political prisoners. A suffragist, Mederos was a co-founder of the Alianza Nacional Feminista, a suffragist organization active in Cuba during the 1920s. She was the founding vice president of the National Association of Cuban American Women (NACAW). Mederos is "considered the most prominent Cuban woman of the 20th century".

## Biography

Mederos was born in Havana on 13 January 13, 1900. Her father, a well-to-do tobacco merchant, gave Mederos and her sister tobacco estates, which allowed each of the daughters to live a comfortable life without dependence on a husband for financial support. Her education included a Ph.D. in pharmacology. She married Hilario González Arrieta, a young lawyer, in 1924.
The Sixth Pan American Union conference was held in 1928 in Havana. Attended by a large assembly of Cuban women led by Mederos, the conference established the Inter-American Commission of Women (CIM). Representing Cuba, Mederos was a member of the first CIM conference which met in Havana in 1930. In September 1959, Mederos served for five months as first Minister of Social Work in Cuba, under Fidel Castro's provisional government. She arrived in the US in 1961 with her daughter María Elena González Mederos, where she worked for UNICEF. Mederos died 25 September 1981 in Washington, DC. The Elena Mederos Award was established in her honor by the NACAW.
# Dongguan TBA Tower

Dongguan TBA Tower is a skyscraper in Dongguan, China. It is named after the Taiwan Businessmen Association in Dongguan.The architectural design of the building was planned and designed by Archiman Design Group from Taichung City, Taiwan, in collaboration with Liu Wei-Yan Architects
# SS Gainsborough (1880)

SS Gainsborough was a passenger and cargo vessel built for the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway in 1880.

## History

Gainsborough was built by Earle's Shipbuilding of Hull, England, and launched on 20 December 1880 christened by Mrs. Bristow, wife of Captain Bristow of the New York liner Romano. She had a large poop fitted with a large saloon and state rooms for 40 first-class passengers, top-gallant forecastle for seamen and firemen, and accommodation for emigrants between decks. She was put on the route between Grimsby, England, and Hamburg, Germany.
On 27 December 1883, having been delayed by fog, she left the mouth of the River Elbe, and when in the North Sea about 25 miles from Spurn Point, Yorkshire, England, was struck amidships by the steam collier Wear, on a voyage from Sunderland to London. Gainsborough was cut down to below the waterline and sank in a few minutes. The passengers and crew of Gainsborough were taken off by Wear, but it was feared that Wear was also sinking so they were transferred to Franklin and taken to London.
# Coulon

Coulon may refer to:
* Coulon (surname)
* Coulon, alternative name for the river Calavon, in the Vaucluse department, France
* Coulon, Deux-Sèvres, a commune of the Deux-Sèvres department, France
* Coulon, former commune of the Cher department, now part of Graçay
* Coulon, former commune of the Ille-et-Vilaine department, now part of Montfort-sur-Meu
# Cardiogram

Cardiogram (Kazakh: Кардиограмма, "Kardıogramma") is a 1995 Kazakh drama film written and directed by Darezhan Omirbaev.
The film was entered into the main competition at the 52nd edition of the Venice Film Festival, winning the CICT/UNESCO "Enrico Fulchignoni Award". It was also awarded Silver Screen Award for Best Asian Feature Film at the 1997 Singapore International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Zhasulan Asauov as Zhasulan
* Gulnara Dusmatova as Enfermera Gula
* Ilyas Kalymbetov as Ilyas
* Saule Toktybayeva as Saule
# Probability-proportional-to-size sampling

In survey methodology, probability-proportional-to-size (pps) sampling is a sampling process where each element of the population (of size N) has some (independent) chance $p_{i}$ to be selected to the sample when performing one draw. This $p_{i}$ is proportional to some known quantity $x_{i}$ so that $p_{i}={\frac {x_{i}}{\sum _{i=1}^{N}x_{i}}}$.$^{:97}$
One of the cases this occurs in, as developed by Hanson and Hurwitz in 1943, is when we have several clusters of units, each with a different (known upfront) number of units, then each cluster can be selected with a probability that is proportional to the number of units inside it.$^{:250}$ So, for example, if we have 3 clusters with 10, 20 and 30 units each, then the chance of selecting the first cluster will be 1/6, the second would be 1/3, and the third cluster will be 1/2.
The pps sampling results in a fixed sample size n (as opposed to Poisson sampling which is similar but results in a random sample size with expectancy of n). When selecting items with replacement the selection procedure is to just draw one item at a time (like getting n draws from a multinomial distribution with N elements, each with their own $p_{i}$ selection probability). If doing a without-replacement sampling, the schema can become more complex.$^{:93}$
# Chionodes ignorantella

Chionodes ignorantella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Denmark, Germany, the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia.
The wingspan is 14–16 mm. Adults have been recorded on wing from June to August.
The larvae feed on mosses. The species overwinters in the larval stage.
# Count Svensson

Count Svensson (Swedish: Greve Svensson) is a 1951 Swedish comedy film directed by Emil A. Lingheim and starring Edvard Persson, Mim Persson and Barbro Hiort af Ornäs.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Arne Åkermark.

## Main cast

* Edvard Persson as Anders Svensson
* Mim Persson as Stina Svensson
* Barbro Hiort af Ornäs as Greta Svensson
* Ivar Wahlgren as Ville Lundgren
* Bengt Logardt as Sven Lindström
* Siv Thulin as Lisa Fransson
* Toivo Pawlo as Leijonstedt
* Hans Hugold von Schwerin as himself
* Poul Juhl as 'Count' Nordencrone
* Astrid Kraa as Trine
* Ellen Jansø as Ilse, police woman
* Carl Johan Hviid as Policeman