OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dimitry Markevitch

Dimitry Markevitch (1923–2002) was a Swiss-born American cellist, researcher, teacher, and musicologist. He studied under Gregor Piatigorsky and founded the Institut de Hautes Etudes Musicales (IHEM) in Switzerland. His brother, Igor Markevitch, was an orchestral conductor.
Markevitch rediscovered several important manuscripts, including Westphal and Kellner transcriptions of several Bach Suites, and published his own edition of the Suites, playing all six in recital at Carnegie Hall in New York in 1964. He also unearthed two previously unknown pieces by Ludwig van Beethoven: the Sonata for Violoncello and Piano, Opus 64, and the Kreutzer Sonata, transcribed for cello by Czerny. He contributed to editions of pieces by Mussorgsky, De Falla, Stravinsky, and Shostakovitch and wrote Cello Story, a book on the history and repertoire of the cello.
He was one of the first people to champion period performance techniques and played a baroque cello for pieces composed before the 19th century. He specialised in works for the solo cello and his book The Solo Cello is a comprehensive guide to the subject.
He was the first cellist to record the complete Kodály Opus 8 Solo Cello Sonata in addition to two sonatas for cello and piano by Louis Abbiate with Bernard Ringeissen. He recorded the Bach Cello Suites in 1992 and made the first complete recording of the Seven Sonatas for Cello and Piano by Beethoven. Through his career, he compiled an extensive and now cataloged library of over 3,000 cello scores. Dimitry Markevitch died on January 29, 2002, at home in Clarens, Switzerland.
# Water skiing at the 2009 World Games – Women's wakeboard

The women's wakeboard freestyle competition in water skiing at the 2009 World Games took place from 22 to 25 July at the Lotus Pond in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

## Competition format

A total of 10 athletes entered the competition. In preliminary two best athletes qualifies to the final. Athletes who can't qualify through this stage takes last chance qualifiers, from which the best two athletes qualifies to the final.

## Results
### Preliminary

| Rank | Name | Country | Result | Notes |
| 1 | Raimi Merritt | United States | 78.60 | Q |
| 2 | Chen Lili | China | 69.00 | Q |
| 3 | Estelle Tuaz-Torchon | France | 48.00 | |
| 4 | Elke Venken | Belgium | 44.70 | |
| 5 | Iaroslava Liapina | Ukraine | 29.70 | |
| Rank | Name | Country | Result | Notes |
| 1 | Dallas Friday | United States | 77.00 | Q |
| 2 | Miku Asai | Japan | 52.10 | Q |
| 3 | Ginevra Gentile | Italy | 50.60 | |
| 4 | Sasha Christian | Singapore | 38.50 | |
| 5 | Caitlin Blaauw | Australia | 38.10 | |

### Last Chance Qualifiers

| Rank | Name | Country | Result | Notes |
| 1 | Ginevra Gentile | Italy | 79.80 | Q |
| 2 | Elke Venken | Belgium | 62.60 | Q |
| 3 | Caitlin Blaauw | Australia | 50.60 | |
| 4 | Estelle Tuaz-Torchon | France | 26.00 | |
| 5 | Sasha Christian | Singapore | 24.90 | |
| 6 | Iaroslava Liapina | Ukraine | 22.80 | |

### Final

| Rank | Name | Country | Result |
| | Dallas Friday | United States | 76.80 |
| | Raimi Merritt | United States | 76.10 |
| | Miku Asai | Japan | 57.00 |
| 4 | Elke Venken | Belgium | 51.10 |
| 5 | Ginevra Gentile | Italy | 48.30 |
| 6 | Chen Lili | China | 32.80 |
# Laevicaulis alte

Laevicaulis alte, or the tropical leatherleaf, is a species of tropical land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Veronicellidae, the leatherleaf slugs.

## Description

Laevicaulis alte is a round, dark-coloured slug with no shell, 7 or 8 cm (2.8 or 3.1 in) long. Its skin is slightly tuberculated. The central keel is beige in colour.
This slug has a unique, very narrow foot; juvenile specimens have a foot 1 mm (0.039 in) wide and adult specimens have a foot that is only 4 or 5 mm (0.16 or 0.20 in) wide.
The tentacles are small, 2 or 3 mm (0.079 or 0.118 in) long, and they are only rarely extended beyond the edge of the mantle.

## Parasites

This slug is an intermediate host for Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, a round worm, the most common cause of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis.

## Predators

Laevicaulis alte is eaten by the frog Rana tigrina.

## Distribution

The species is probably indigenous to sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania, Botswana and South Africa
It has been introduced and has become an invasive species in the following areas:
* Southern Asia
* Pratas Island, Taiwan
* United States (Hawaii)
* Islands in the Indian Ocean
* Australia (since 1889)
* Samoa
The species is already established in the USA, and is considered to represent a potentially serious threat as a pest, an invasive species which could negatively affect agriculture, natural ecosystems, human health or commerce. Therefore, it has been suggested that this species be given top national quarantine significance in the USA.

## Habitat

Laevicaulis alte lives in dry areas, mostly at lower altitudes.

## Life cycle

The slug hatches from eggs. Laevicaulis alte has several adaptations for living in dry conditions: a rounded shape with as small as possible surface area, and a narrow foot to reduce evaporation.
Juvenile specimens search for food nearly always at night, and stay buried in the soil during the day. Larger specimens are active during the day sometimes. The slug can grow up from 0.5 cm (0.20 in) to approximately 4 cm (1.6 in) in length in 7 months.
# Roffey (electoral division)

51°04′43″N 0°17′39″W﻿ / ﻿51.07862°N 0.29423°W﻿ / 51.07862; -0.29423
Roffey is an electoral division of West Sussex in the United Kingdom and returns one member to sit on West Sussex County Council.

## Extent

The division covers the neighbourhoods of Littlehaven and Roffey, which form part of the urban area of the town of Horsham.
It comprises the following Horsham District wards: Roffey North Ward and the eastern part of Roffey South Ward; and the eastern part of North Horsham civil parish.

## Election results
### 2013 Election

Results of the election held on 2 May 2013:
Roffey :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Jim Rae | 753 | 32.4 | −6.0 |
| | UKIP | Mike Rowlands | 728 | 31.4 | N/A |
| | Liberal Democrats | Warwick Hellawell | 597 | 25.7 | −22.7 |
| | Labour | George Murrell | 244 | 10.5 | +6.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 25 | 1.0 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,322 | 30.0 | −9.8 |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats | Conservative gain from Liberal Democrats | Swing | | |

### 2009 Election

Results of the election held on 4 June 2009:
Roffey :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | Warwick Hellawell | 1,468 | 48.4 | +2.9 |
| | Conservative | John Charles | 1,164 | 38.4 | −0.4 |
| | BNP | Colin Poulter | 279 | 9.2 | +9.2 |
| | Labour | Andrew Skudder | 123 | 4.1 | −11.6 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 304 | 10.0 | +3.3 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 3,034 | 39.8 | −24.5 |
| | Liberal Democrats hold | Liberal Democrats hold | Swing | | |

### 2005 Election

Results of the election held on 5 May 2005:
Roffey :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mr W J Hellawell | 2,751 | 45.5 | |
| | Conservative | Mr J W Charles | 2,347 | 38.8 | |
| | Labour | Mr R M Wilson | 946 | 15.7 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 404 | 6.7 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,044 | 64.3 | |
| | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) | Liberal Democrats win (new seat) |
# RAAD 200

The RAAD 200 is an Egyptian armoured tracked self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher, unveiled in the EDEX 2023 exhibition by the Egyptian National Organisation for Military Production.

## Design

The RAAD 200 is a tracked vehicle equipped with five tracks on each side, designed for various types of operations and developed by the National Organisation for Military Production in Egypt.
One of its most notable features is its armament system — a rocket launcher that significantly enhances its offensive capabilities. The vehicle accommodates a driver and two additional seats. This design underscores its role as a combat yet powerful battlefield asset.
The RAAD 200 measures 6.5 meters in length, 2.85 meters in width, and 3.1 meters in height. With a ground clearance of 400 mm, it can navigate challenging terrains. It also has a combat mass of 18,580 kg (18.58 tonnes) and a curb weight of 16,600 kg (16.60 tonnes), allowing it to carry a payload of 1,980 kg (1.98 tonnes).

## Maneuver

It can reach a maximum speed of 46 km/h and can handle gradients up to 35° and side slopes of 25°. Additionally, it has a fording depth of 1.1 meters and a minimum turning radius of 1.2 meters, highlighting its maneuverability in various environments. It also has an operational range of 400 km.
The vehicle's power comes from a four-stroke liquid-cooled turbocharged diesel engine, the HD12ZLG-M, made in Germany and assembled in China, is the only part in the system not provided in Egypt, 80% of the RAAD 200 being produced locally. This engine, featuring six inline cylinders, delivers an output of 385 hp at 2,000 rpm. It is equipped with a dry multi-plate clutch and a five-speed mechanical gearbox, with one reverse gear.
The suspension system of the RAAD 200 uses 10 torsion bars with four shock absorbers. The track is made of steel with an adjustment mechanism, tailored for durability and adaptability. The brake system includes drum and strap mechanisms, and the electrical system operates on a 24V setup with two batteries.

## Armament

A pivotal feature of the RAAD 200 is its launcher specifications. It employs the BM-21/BS-45 type launcher, capable of reaching up to 45 km. The launcher includes a base plate with a rotary disc and a spiral spindle, offering a wide range of motion - 55° vertically and 60° to 100° horizontally. This system enables a rapid launching rate of 30 rockets in 15 seconds.
The rockets used are of the Grad and Sakr types, 122 mm in diameter and 2,870 mm in length. The launcher control unit includes automatic control with two servo motors. Additional features of the RAAD 200 include rear outriggers for stability, a cabin folding system for adaptability, an air conditioning system for crew comfort, and comprehensive communication equipment.
It is equipped with a remote control system that provides protection for the crew. The launcher can be fired in single or multiple launch modes.

## Operators

Egypt
# Project 119

Project 119 is a governmental program of the People's Republic of China targeting sports that China has not traditionally excelled in at the Summer Olympics, to maximize the total number of medals and number of golds won during the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. The number, 119, refers to the number of gold medals available in events that China is targeting. The total number of golds available in the targeted sports was 122 at the targeted 2008 Olympics, an increase of three.
"Project 119" is related to the Plan for Olympic Glory, a more general plan for greater performance across the board.

## History

With the awarding of the Games of the XXIX Olympiad of 2008 to Beijing in 2001, the government of China embarked on a program to increase its medal load. Project 119 was established to gain medals in :Athletics, Swimming, Rowing & Canoe/Kayak and Sailing. These sports had a total gold medal count of 119 in the 2000 Summer Olympics. At those Games, China had only won one medal in all these sports. China wished to finish on top of the medal count and gold medal total at its own games.
For rowing, China established a training centre at Qiandao Lake (lit. 'Thousand Island Lake), 500 km (310 mi) from Shanghai, and hired foreign coaches from around the world.

### Development

Leading up the 2008 target, China harvested several fruits for their labours.
* China acquired four gold medals in the Project 119 sports at the 2004 Olympics.
* China tops the points table at the 2007 Amsterdam World Cup rowing regatta.
* China stunned the UK at the June 2008 World Cup rowing regatta.

### Target

Project 119 failed to live up to billing in the swimming events, resulting in only one gold medal.
Entering with a powerful team in rowing, Project 119 resulted in a single gold medal for the women's quad. The men's eight failed to advance.

### Legacy

The Beijing Olympics ended with China winning the most golds, while finishing second to the United States in total medals. This marked the first time since the 1936 Summer Olympics that neither the United States, nor the Soviet Union/Russia, had won the most gold medals at a Summer Olympics.
China performed well at the London 2012 Games, winning the second largest number of gold medals and in total medal count.
# Erygmascope

An erygmascope is a late 19th-century electric lighting apparatus designed for the examination of the strata of earth traversed by boring apparatus.
It consisted of a very powerful incandescent lamp enclosed in a metallic cylinder. One of the two semi-cylindrical sides constitutes the reflector, and the other, which is of thick glass, allows the passage of light, which illuminates the strata of earth traversed by the instrument. The base, which is inclined at an angle of 45°, is an elliptical mirror, and the top, of straight section, is open in order to permit the observer standing at the mouth of the well, and provided with a powerful spyglass, to see in the mirror the image of the geological layers or of the structure of crystalline rocks. It somewhat resembles to a kind of inverted semi-periscope aimed to look at earth downwards. The lamp is so mounted that its upwardly emitted rays are intercepted.
The whole apparatus was suspended from a long cable, formed of two conducting wires, which winds around a windlass with metallic journals which are electrically insulated. These journals communicate, through the intermedium of two friction springs, with the conductors on the one hand and, on the other, with the poles of a portable battery. This permits of lowering and raising the apparatus at will, without derangement, and without its being necessary to interrupt the light and the observation.
The erygmascope was described in an 1891 edition of the Scientific American Supplement; To what extent it was put to practical use is unknown.

## Etymology

The etymology of the term remains enigmatic, but could originate from a Greek word ήρυγμα meaning "trench". However, a shaft should be translated in Greek as πηγάδι (pegadi), and a water well as φρέαρ (phrear). The origin of the suffix scope is classical for an optical instrument: from σκοπεῖν (skopein), meaning to look at.

## In art and popular culture

Sonic and visual artistic collaboration between Tracy Hill, artist, Ralph Hoyte, poet and writer, and Phill Phelps, musician, working in partnership with Lancashire Wildlife Trust and City of Trees. It symbolizes the curiosity of the three artists for looking beyond the surface whilst working on their opus Stratum.
# Watkins-Maxey House

Watkins-Maxey House, also known as Hebrew Day School, was a historic home located at Scranton, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1895, and was a Renaissance Revival style dwelling.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It was delisted in 1986, after being demolished.
# Eriomastyx latus

Eriomastyx latus is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in New Guinea.
# Embertoniphanta farafanga

Embertoniphanta farafanga (syn. Helicophanta farafanga) is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropods mollusk in the family Acavidae. The species occurs in Madagascar.
Embertoniphanta farafanga is a burrower.
# Drescheratherium

Drescheratherium is an extinct genus of mammal from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Camadas de Guimarota of Leiria, Portugal. It is represented by fairly complete upper jaws with teeth. It bears elongated upper canines, though not to the extent another dryolestoid, Cronopio, does.
# Roger Wilco (software)

Roger Wilco is one of the first voice-over-IP client programs designed primarily for use with online multiplayer video games. Roger Wilco enabled online gamers to talk to one another through a computer headset or other audio input device instead of typing messages to each other. Within a year of the software's introduction, over 2 million online video gamers were using the application.
Roger and Wilco are procedure words which, in radiophone communication, mean "I understood your message and I will comply".

## Development and release

Roger Wilco was developed by a US startup company called Resounding Technology. Three of the company's four founders were roommates when they were undergraduate students at Princeton University: Adam Frankl, Tony Lovell, and Henri de Marcellus.$^{:14}$ David Lewis, who led marketing and business development, was based in Silicon Valley and was responsible for growing the Roger Wilco community and managed partnerships with video game publishers who bundled Roger Wilco with their games. Plantronics, PNY, and other game peripheral manufacturers also bundled Roger Wilco with their products.
The company began publishing pre-release versions of the software in the autumn of 1998;$^{:16}$ the first general availability release, Roger Wilco Mark I, followed in May 1999. The company distributed both the client and server as freeware. The server software, Roger Wilco Base Station, was developed for Linux, FreeBSD, Windows 9x, and Windows NT. Development of a client for Mac OS never progressed beyond the alpha phase.
David Lewis demonstrated the product's server-less voice capabilities to Mpath Interactive, a startup company in Silicon Valley, who went on to acquire Resounding Technology based on their proprietary peer-to-peer voice technology. The company IPO'd soon after and renamed it to HearMe, Inc.
In December 2000, GameSpy bought the Roger Wilco intellectual property. In early 2001, they integrated an updated version of the client software into their game server browser, GameSpy Arcade. Players could use the Roger Wilco software if they bought a subscription to GameSpy's Game Tools suite. David Lewis licensed SDK versions of the voice technology to virtually every major game publisher including Activision, EA, Microsoft, Ubisoft, and others. The licensing arrangement with Microsoft enabled the use of the Voice SDK for Microsoft's Xbox and required that all multi-player Xbox game developers included in-game voice chat capabilities. Today, virtually every leading online multiplayer game includes voicechat due to the pioneering efforts by the Resounding team.
GameSpy published the final version of the Roger Wilco client for Windows on July 8, 2003. That year, a vice president of consumer products at GameSpy Industries told The Boston Globe that Roger Wilco had about 5 million users.
# Notozomus ker

Notozomus ker is a species of schizomid arachnid (commonly known as short-tailed whip-scorpions) in the Hubbardiidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1992 by Australian arachnologist Mark Harvey.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in Far North Queensland, inhabiting plant litter in closed forest habitats. The type locality is Cableway Base Station in the Bellenden Ker Range.

## Behaviour

The arachnids are terrestrial predators.
# Lesser night gecko

The lesser night gecko (Nactus coindemirensis) is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. It is endemic to Mauritius.
# El Socialista (newspaper)

El Socialista is a socialist newspaper published in Madrid, Spain. The paper is the organ of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).

## History and profile

El Socialista was established by Pablo Iglesias, founder of the PSOE, in Madrid, and the first issue appeared on 12 March 1886. The paper is owned and published by the PSOE and its union, Union General de Trabajadores (UGT). The headquarters of the paper is in Madrid.
It was started as a two-page publication. In 1913 the paper began to be published daily. In December 1935 the control of the paper was taken by the centrist group within the PSOE led by Indalecio Prieto as a result of the resignation of Francisco Largo Caballero from the presidency of the party.
El Socialista was published weekly in the early 1970s. The paper was closed during the rule of Francisco Franco. However, El Socialista continued its publication clandestinely in that period. In 1978 it resumed its regular publication.
The paper is currently published monthly, while its online edition is active every day.

## Contributors and editors

Miguel Unamuno and Santiago Carrillo were among the early contributors. The paper was first directed by its founder Pablo Iglesias who held the post until 1913 when Mariano García Cortes began to edit it. In 1914 Eduardo Torralba Beci was appointed editor-in-chief of El Socialista, replacing Cortes in the post. Torralba served in the post for one year, and Pablo Iglesias retook the paper and edited it until his death in 1925.
Enrique Angulo, son-in-law of the socialist politician Ramón Lamoneda, also served as the director of the paper. Another director was Andrés Saborit. In the mid-1930s the editor was Julián Zugazagoitia.

## Content and circulation

El Socialista did not show enthusiasm about the communist revolution in Russia in 1917. It even argued that the revolution was a departure from the significant obligation of Russia to defeat the German Empire. The first supportive article about the revolution appeared in March 1918. In the early 1930s El Socialista criticized the New Deal economic program of the USA. With the rise of conservatism in Spain from 1933 the paper became one of the opposition publications criticizing the government. Immediately after World War II El Socialista adopted an anti-Communist political stance and reported the political tenets of the PSOE. In the 1940s and 1950s it supported the Zionist causes and was an ardent critic of the Arabs who were portrayed in a negative manner. It also considered Egypt as "a miserable country."
In 1949 El Socialista sold only 8,000 copies.
# Proctonemesia

Proctonemesia is a genus of Brazilian jumping spiders that was first described by M. J. Bauab V. & B. A. M. Soares in 1978. As of August 2019 it contains only two species, found only in Brazil: P. multicaudata and P. secunda.
# Qatar–Vietnam relations

Qatar–Vietnam relations refers to the bilateral relations between the State of Qatar and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Qatar has an embassy in Hanoi while Vietnam has an embassy in Doha.
Qatar has a friendly relationship with Vietnam among the Arab world, which is the result of Qatar's strong tie with several ASEAN countries, including Vietnam. Following the successful economic reform at 1986, Vietnam has become a new major destination for Qatari investors. Unlike the investments from the United Arab Emirates, the largest Gulf Arab investor to Vietnam, Qatari investments in Vietnam focus on agriculture, energy, exports and trade between the two countries, which has been later described as great, according to the Qatari envoy to Vietnam.
Qatar has over 10.000 Vietnamese expats living in the country.