OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy

Nasu–Hakola disease also known as polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy is a rare disease characterised by early-onset dementia and multifocal bone cysts. It is caused by autosomal recessive loss of function mutations in either the TREM2 or TYROBP gene that are found most frequently in the Finnish and Japanese populations.

## Signs and symptoms

Four stages are recognised in this condition. The first (latent stage) show no symptoms or signs. This stage typically lasts up to the early 20s. This is followed by the osseous stage. This is characterised by recurrent bone pain usually affecting the long bones of the limbs. This is usually followed by pathological fractures of these bones. The third stage (early neurological) is marked by the onset of symptoms typical of a frontal lobe syndrome (euphoria, lack of concentration, loss of judgment and social inhibitions) with memory loss. Epilepsy may occur. This stage usually has its onset in the late 20s and early 30s. The final stage is characterised by severe dementia and paralysis. Death usually occurs in the late 40s or early 50s.

## Genetics

This condition has been associated with mutations in the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYROBP) gene and in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) gene. TYROBP is located on the long arm of chromosome 19 (19q13.12) and TREM2 is located on short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.1).

## Pathopysiology

This is not understood but appears to involve the microglia.

## Diagnosis

This syndrome may be suspected on clinical grounds. The diagnosis is established by sequencing the TYROBP and TREM2 genes.

### Differential diagnosis

* Frontotemporal dementia

### Investigations

X rays show the presence of bone cysts and osteoporosis. CT or MRI of the brain show loss of tissue in the frontotemporal lobes of the brain. Calcification of the basal ganglia is common. EEG is typically normal initially but diffuse slowing and irritative activity later.

## Treatment

There is no specific treatment for this condition. Management is supportive.

## Epidemiology

This condition is considered to be rare, with ~200 cases described in the literature. The estimated population prevalence is 2.0 x 10$^{−6}$ in Finns.

## History

This condition was first described in 1973.
# Mercedes-Benz Algeria

Mercedes-Benz Algeria Ltd is a Joint ventures between the German Daimler AG, Algerian automotive industry (EDIV), SNVI and the Emirati investment fund AABAR founded in 2012, with headquarters in Tiaret, Rouiba, and Constantine, in Algeria.

## History

Daimler entered the Algerian market and established Mercedes-Benz Algeria Ltd in 2014.the venture created in July 2012 composed of three main shareholders, namely the Company of the development in the automotive industry (EDIV) coming under the National Defence Ministry (34%) and SNVI (17%). The second shareholder is represented by the Emirati investment fund "Aabar" (49%). German group Daimler AG is considered as the technological partner.

## Brand’s manufacturing facilities

The main factory of Mercedes in Algeria is in Rouiba, near Algiers, where heavy duty trucks and buses are manufactured. Models include:
* Zetros 1833 (4x4) - 4,000 to 6,000 kg payload
* Zetros 2733 (6x6) - 7,000 to 10,000 kg payload
* Actros
* Atego
* Axor
* Unimog

### Other major facilities across Algeria

* Tiaret (Sprinter, Class G factory)
* Constantine EMO (Engines factory for all the models)

## Models
### Assembled

* Mercedes-Benz G-Class 4x4 and 6x6
* Mercedes-Benz Sprinter
* Mercedes-Benz Zetros
* Mercedes-Benz Actros
# North-West Academy of Public Administration

The North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (NWIM RANEPA) is a federal higher educational institution situated in the center of St. Petersburg, Russia.
The Academy carries out training, retraining and improvement of professional skills of the public employees in St. Petersburg and Northwest region of Russian Federation. The Academy was founded in 1991.
The educational process is divided with 6 schools and 21 departments. Courses include full-time, part-time and correspondence programs.
* 22,000 students attend full-time courses.
* Annually 2,500 persons study on short-term advanced courses and seminars, conferences, round tables and meetings.
* 4,000 employees of the executive authority attend retraining courses in management and administration fields.
The Academy comprises:
* School of State and Municipal Management
* School of Public Administrators Training and Retraining
* School of Law
* School of International Relations
* School of Economics and Finance
* School of Social Technologies
* Postgraduates studies in the fields of Political science, History, Law, Economics and Social studies
Official Website
Factsheet 2018-2019
# Diving With a Purpose

Diving With a Purpose (DWP) is an American non-profit organization aimed at locating and documenting shipwrecks, predominantly those related to the Atlantic slave trade.

## History

Diving With a Purpose was founded in 2005 by Kenneth Stewart (born 1944/45), a retired copier repairman with the Tennessee Aquatic Project and the National Association of Black Scuba Divers, and Brenda Lanzendorf (1958–2008), a maritime archaeologist at Biscayne National Park. They met during the filming of the 2004 documentary The Guerrero Project, a film chronicling efforts to locate the wreck of Spanish slave ship Guerrero, which are still ongoing, although a likely candidate has since been discovered.
DWP was featured in 2020 television documentary series Enslaved, featuring DWP member Kramer Wimberley, starring and produced by Samuel L. Jackson. It is also the subject of a 2021 documentary titled Lessons from the Water: Diving with a Purpose by filmmaker Charles Todd.

## Activities

Roughly 300 divers have participated in Diving With a Purpose's maritime archaeology program since its foundation. The program includes one week of training and requires some prior experience, with the stated aim of training divers to become "able to assist in the historical documentation and preservation of artifacts and wreck sites". An offshoot program directed at a younger audience entitled Youth Diving With a Purpose (YDWP) was introduced in 2011.
The group has been involved with the discovery or documentation of numerous shipwrecks, including the São José Paquete Africa and the Clotilda. Other activities of the organization have included the location and mapping of plane wrecks related to the Tuskegee Airmen in the Great Lakes. A memorial site in Port Huron, Michigan, was constructed in 2021.
Diving With a Purpose has worked or is working with groups and federal agencies including NOAA, the National Park Service (NPS), the Society of Black Archaeologists, and the Slave Wrecks Project, a collaboration between DWP, the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture, the NPS, George Washington University, Iziko South African Museum, and the South African Heritage Resources Agency.
# Clairegoutte (river)

The Clairegoutte (French pronunciation:) is a 6.7 km river in the Haute-Saône department in the Franche-Comté region of eastern France. It arises near Clairegoutte and flows generally west to join the Rognon in Lyoffans.
# Ralph Bullock

Ralph Bullock may refer to:
* Ralph Bullock, founder of Bullocks Coaches
* Ralph Bullock (jockey) (1841–1863), British jockey who won the 1861 Epsom Derby
# Christian Rätsch

Christian Rätsch (20 April 1957 – 17 September 2022) was a German anthropologist and writer on topics like ethnopharmacology, psychoactive plants and animals.

## Life

Rätsch was born in 1957 in a Bohemian community in Hamburg, Germany. His father was an opera singer, his mother a ballet dancer. He started learning about shamanism and sacred plants at 10 and had his first drug experience at 12.
Rätsch earned a doctorate in Native American cultures. He conducted field research for three years while living with the Lacandón Indians in Chiapas, Mexico investigating shamanism first-hand, and completed his doctorate on their incantations and spells. Rätsch resided in Hamburg with his wife Claudia Müller-Ebeling. He is the founder and co-editor of The Yearbook of Ethnomedicine and the Study of Consciousness.
Rätsch died at the age of 65 from an undiscovered stomach ulcer, which he had staunchly tamed over the years.

## Selected works
### The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications

Christian Rätsch's The Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants describes the botany, history, distribution, cultivation, preparation, and dosage of more than 400 psychoactive plants (while not actually plants, the encyclopedia also includes psychoactive fungi). The encyclopedia also offers information on ritual and medicinal use (see also ethnopharmacology). The encyclopedia features 168 detailed monographs on the major psychoactive plants (e.g., Cannabis, Datura, and Papaver) as well as 20 full monographs on psychoactive fungi (e.g., Psilocybe and Amanita).
# Cumopsis

Cumopsis is a genus of crustaceans in the family Bodotriidae originally described by G.O. Sars in 1878, the type species is Cumopsis goodsir (Van Beneden, 1861).

## Species

The following species are accepted on WoRMS as of October 2023:
* Cumopsis africanum (Zimmer, 1920)
* Cumopsis ambrizetensis (Bochert & Zettler, 2011)
* Cumopsis andamani (Kurian, 1954)
* Cumopsis armatum (Kurian, 1954)
* Cumopsis elongata Jones, 1956
* Cumopsis fagei Băcescu, 1956
* Cumopsis goodsir (Van Beneden, 1861)
* Cumopsis inerme (Corbera, Tirado & Martin, 2005)
* Cumopsis jonesi Le Loeuff & Intes, 1972
* Cumopsis longipes (Dohrn, 1869)
* Cumopsis robusta Day, 1975
* Cumopsis sarsi (Miers, 1879)
* Cumopsis wafri Jones, 1956
# Tofino Harbour Water Aerodrome

Tofino Harbour Water Aerodrome (IATA: YTP, TC LID: CAB4) is located in Tofino Harbour adjacent to Tofino, British Columbia, Canada.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Harbour Air | Vancouver Airport, Vancouver Harbour, Victoria Harbour |
| Tofino Air | Ahousaht, Hot Springs Cove Charter: Nanaimo Harbour, Sechelt, Vancouver Airport |
# EP (Crystal Antlers EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Cokemachineglow | (75/100) |
| Pitchfork Media | (8.5/10) |
| PopMatters | (8/10) |
| Prefix | (9.0/10) |
EP is the first release by Crystal Antlers. It was self-released on 9 February 2008 and has subsequently been re-released on Touch and Go Records. It was produced by The Mars Volta keyboardist Isaiah "Ikey" Owens.

## Track listing

* "Until the Sun Dies (Part 2)" – 3:48
* "Vexation" – 2:20
* "A Thousand Eyes" – 5:21
* "Owl" – 3:15
* "Arcturus" – 2:29
* "Parting Song for the Torn Sky" – 7:02
# Polynucleobacter paneuropaeus

Polynucleobacter paneuropaeus is an aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, chemo-organotrophic, non-motile, free-living bacterium of the genus Polynucleobacter.
The type strain was isolated from a small acidic lake located in Norway. Other strains representing this species were isolated from acidic or circum-neutral lakes and ponds located in Finland, Germany, The Czech Republic, Austria and France. The northernmost observation of this species was reported for the Pasvikdalen valley in the Finnmark, Norway near Kirkenes at a latitude of about 69°N, while the southernmost known occurrence was reported for Lake Creno (Lac de Creno) at the Mediterranean island Corsica, France near the village Soccia at a latitude of about 42°N. The type strain dwells as a free-living, planktonic bacterium in the water column of the lake, thus is part of freshwater bacterioplankton.
# Conway School of Nursing

The Conway School of Nursing is the nursing school of The Catholic University of America. It was founded in 1935, and was named after Joanne and Bill Conway in 2019.
Courses and degree programs at the school include Bachelor Science in Nursing, Spanish for Healthcare Professionals, Master of Science in Nursing, Family Nurse Practitioner, and Doctor of Nursing Practice.
According to U.S. News & World Report, The School of Nursing at The Catholic University of America ranks #41 of Best Nursing School, Master's and #42 for Best Nursing Schools DNP.

## Clinical hours

Undergraduate nursing students complete approximately 525 clinical hours at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, the Inova Health System, George Washington University Hospital, Holy Cross Hospital and Children's National Hospital among some other sites.
# Sambo at the 2015 European Games – Women's 52 kg

Women's 52 kg competition at the 2015 European Games in Baku, Azerbaijan, took place on 22 June at the Heydar Aliyev Arena.

## Schedule

All times are Azerbaijan Summer Time (UTC+05:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Monday, 22 June 2015 | 10:30 | Quarterfinals |
| Monday, 22 June 2015 | 11:15 | Semifinals |
| Monday, 22 June 2015 | 19:00 | Repechage |
| Monday, 22 June 2015 | 19:30 | Finals |

## Results

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| Rūta Aksionova (LTU) | 4 | | | | |
| Alesia Staraverava (BLR) | 0 | Rūta Aksionova (LTU) | 0 | | |
| Codrina Ionescu (ROU) | 1 | Nazakat Khalilova (AZE) | 4 | | |
| Nazakat Khalilova (AZE) | 3 | | | Nazakat Khalilova (AZE) | 0 |
| Anna Kharitonova (RUS) | 4 | | | Anna Kharitonova (RUS) | 4 |
| Sose Balasanyan (ARM) | 0 | Anna Kharitonova (RUS) | 3 | | |
| Estelle Friquin (FRA) | 1 | Magdalena Varbanova (BUL) | 1 | | |
| Magdalena Varbanova (BUL) | 3 | | | | |

### Repechage

| Bronze medal match | Bronze medal match |
| Codrina Ionescu (ROU) | 1 |
| Rūta Aksionova (LTU) | 3 |
| Sose Balasanyan (ARM) | 0 |
| Magdalena Varbanova (BUL) | 2 |
# Torsional strain

Torsional strain may refer to:
* Deformation (mechanics)
* Strain (chemistry)#Torsional strain
# Clann Taidg

Clann Taidg was the name of a medieval cantred located in what is now County Galway, Ireland.
It consisted of the parishes of Athenry, Monivea, Tiaquin, Kilkerrin, Moylough, Killererin, Ballynakill-Aghiart (in Killian), Kilmoylan, and possibly Abbeyknockmoy.
Clann Taidg consisted of a number of túaths, including Corca Mogha and Uí Diarmata.
Clann Taidg seems to have come into existence during a wave of expansion by the Uí Briúin, specifically in the reign of King Tadg of Connacht (925-956). His son, Muiredaig mac Tadg, was the ancestor to the Uí Taidg an Teaghlaigh sept of the Síl Muiredaig who are recorded in the annals from 1048 onwards. The area, previously part of Uí Briúin Seóla, was called after the sept who are believed to have become its lords sometime in the mid-eleventh century. However, by the end of the twelfth century it was said to have been seized by Donn Cathaig Mór Mac Airechtaig of Síl Muiredaig.
Adrian Martyn notes that "an Teaghlaigh," meaning "of the household," denotes that Clann Taidg were "hereditary marshalls to their cousins, the kings of Connacht." Clann Taidg are also credited with evicting the Ui Mainnin Kings of Soghain from the Athenry area, c. 1135-52.
By 1241 much of the area was seized by Meyler de Bermingham, who made Athenry the seat of his lordship.
# Denis Pitts

Denis Pitts (6 January 1930 – 19 April 1994) was a journalist, filmmaker and novelist.
Denis Pitts first became widely known for his reports on the Suez Crisis and his subsequent articles in the New Statesman. In Suez he made the acquaintance of Michael Parkinson, who at the time was in charge of liaising with the press, and they would later work together for the Granada regional news programme, Scene at 6.30. While at Granada he wrote an episode of Coronation Street and did a series of interviews with Clement Attlee which the former prime minister agreed to if published posthumously.
He continued to work in television making a film called ‘What the Hell Happens in Marlborough?’ which caused a stir locally. He went on to make ‘The World of Gracie Fields’ and ‘The World of Bob Hope’ for the BBC. Gracie Fields revealed marital problems, also for posthumous publication, which he wrote up for The People. While making the Bob Hope film, he filmed the anti-Vietnam protest at Kent State University in which the National Guard killed four students.
He published three novels. This City is Ours (US title: Target Manhattan) about a native American hijacking of a ship in New York harbour; The Predator which told the story of a wealthy businessman kidnapping Common Market leaders during a summit and which includes a long section set during the Suez Crisis. The last one, Rogue Hercules, tells of amoral pilots carrying a plane load of arms over southern African countries in search of a buyer.
He was a senior editor for Chronicle yearbooks, Chronicle of the 20th Century and Chronicle of the World. His Guardian obituary called him a ‘Fresh Breeze in Moscow’, relating to his stint working as the correspondent there for the Daily Express.
Much earlier in his career he was the last editor of Lilliput where he gave cartoonist, John Glashan his break.
His views on the death of Grace Archer in the radio soap, The Archers, are quoted by Greg Dyke in his McTaggart Lecture of 2000.
# Cumpadials

Cumpadials is the smallest of the four villages in the municipality of Sumvitg, Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a station on the Disentis - Reichenau line of the Rhätische Bahn railway.
# Tofino-Long Beach Airport

Tofino-Long Beach Airport (IATA: YAZ, ICAO: CYAZ) is a non-towered airport that is located within the Pacific Rim National Park Reserve. Immediately adjacent to Long Beach, it is 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) southeast of Tofino, British Columbia, Canada.
It is both a general aviation and commercial airport, used by both private aircraft and seasonal commercial services.
Coastal fog is a common morning phenomenon in the summer, complicating access by air until the weather clears. Several instrument flight rules (IFR) approaches are available including Global Positioning System (GPS) and non-directional beacon (NDB) types. This airport is equipped for night time operations.

## History

RCAF Station Tofino was constructed in 1941 to defend Canada's Pacific coast from Axis attack during the Second World War. In 1945, the site was decommissioned, to be reopened again as a radar station in the Pinetree Line in 1955 to defend against Soviet attack. The radar station was closed in 1958, at which time it became a civilian airfield. It is currently owned and operated by Alberni-Clayoquot Regional District.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Pacific Coastal Airlines | Vancouver |

## Facilities

A small terminal building was completed in 2010. It contains airline kiosks, a waiting area, washrooms, and food vending machines.
Additional Services include:
* Budget Rent a Car - kiosk inside terminal building
* Aviation fuel (cardlock) - Avgas and Jet A
* Parking - 80 spaces, free
Additional structures include:
* Small maintenance hangar
* Service vehicle shed (2 bays)
* Salt dome
* Metal storage sheds (2)
* Long wood shed
Environment Canada has a weather station on site, operated by a private contractor.

## Transportation

No transit links exist. Taxis and ridesharing are available upon request.
The airport is adjacent to Pacific Rim Highway which was completed in 1959, connecting Tofino and Ucluelet with Port Alberni. The airport is accessed via a short drive down Airport Road, passing some abandoned Royal Canadian Air Force structures.
# Earth Passage – Density

Earth Passage – Density is an album by American jazz saxophonist Joseph Jarman and percussionist Don Moye featuring Craig Harris and Rafael Garrett, recorded in 1981 for the Italian Black Saint label.

## Reception

The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated: "Four advanced improvisers team up to play complex and rather open-ended originals during this adventurous set".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |

## Track listing

    All compositions by Joseph Jarman except as indicated
* "Zulu Village: Hommage/Summoning the Elders/Children's Sun Celebration" (Joseph Jarman, Don Moye) - 13:02
* "Happiness Is" - 10:09
* "Jawara" (Craig Harris) - 12:09
* "Sun Spots" - 10:57
** Recorded at Barigozzi Studio in Milano, Italy on February 16 & 17, 1981

## Personnel

* Joseph Jarman - soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, C melody saxophone, piccolo, flute, bamboo flute, alto clarinet, bass clarinet
* Famoudou Don Moye - Sun percussion
* Craig Harris - trombone, bamboo flute, didgeridoo, cowbell, voice
* Rafael Garrett - bass, bamboo flute, conch shell, panpipes
# Polar representation

In mathematics, polar representation may refer to:
* Representations of points in the Euclidean plane via the polar coordinate system
* Polar actions on Euclidean spaces
# Consuelo Villalon Aleman

Consuelo Villalón Alemán (24 May 1907 – 8 November 1998) was a well-known Mexican pianist during the 20th century. She is remembered for her professional interpretation of Frédéric Chopin's music.

## Early life

Born in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Villalón moved at the age of 8 with her family to Mexico City (Distrito Federal). There she started professional piano lessons with composer Manuel M. Ponce. At the age of 9 she began teaching piano.

## The genius

Although the name of Manual M Ponce gave her some reputation later in her curriculum, in fact the moment of the development of her genius was with Luis Moctezuma. She took piano lessons with him in his Academy and later in at Escuela Nacional de Musica (UNAM). She was very different of her professor, who was a nervous person in front of the public. Consuelo Villalon in concert was a great pianist without fear of the piano; at one time she was called "The Mexican Rubinstein" in honor to Arthur Rubinstein.

## Teaching career

As a teenager she started taking classes with Professor Luis Moctezuma, then head of the Piano Department at the Escuela Nacional de Música, UNAM. In 1952 Villalón assumed his position upon his recommendation. She also taught privately until the age of 89.
She died at the age of 91, in Mexico City. Francisco José Beyer Bustos

## Method

She taught the basics as Luis Montezuma wrote in his book "El arte de tocar el Piano", although, she added more ways in technical pianistic teaching. The main books she used to use were: Stamatti. Hanon. Lebert & Stark (four books).
# Viatodos, Grimancelos, Minhotães e Monte de Fralães

Viatodos, Grimancelos, Minhotães e Monte de Fralães is a civil parish in the municipality of Barcelos, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Viatodos, Grimancelos, Minhotães and Monte de Fralães. The population in 2011 was 3,814, in an area of 12.40 km².
# Dirk Meinerts Hahn

Captain Dirk Meinerts Hahn, sometimes spelt Dirk Meinertz Hahn (born 1804 in Westerland, Sylt, died 1860) was the captain of the ship Zebra that he captained to South Australia where the town of Hahndorf was named after him. A monument dedicated to him in Hahndorf was unveiled in 1939.