OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clan Maxton

Clan Maxton is a Scottish clan. The clan does not have a chief recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms therefore the clan has no standing under Scots Law.
Clan Maxton is considered an armigerous clan, meaning that it is considered to have had at one time a chief who possessed the chiefly arms, or who was considered chief of the name. However no one at present is in possession of such arms, and no one is considered chief of the name.

## Origins
### Border Clan

The surname Maxton is considered to be a habitational name from the lands and barony of Maxton in Roxburghshire, on the Scottish Borders. The name roughly means "settlement (tun) of Maccus".
Around 1153, during the reign of David I, Maccus, son of Undwin is thought to have obtained the lands. The family however are thought to have lost their lands, which passed into the possession of Robert de Berkley in the 12th century.
In 1261, Adam de Maxton was elected Abbot of Melrose. He may be the same Alexander de Maxton, who was styled "constable of Roxburgh", and the individual who is recorded as submitting to Edward I, king of England, on the Ragman Rolls in 1296.
In around 1410, Robert de Maxton received the lands of Cultoquhey near Crieff in Perthshire. This man's coat of arms may allude to the earlier Abbot of Melrose, as they bear three crosses. Robert Maxton died at the Battle of Flodden in 1513.

### Alliances and marriages

The clan prospered in Perthshire, allying themselves by marriages to other clans such as the Oliphants and the Grahams of Balgowan and of Grahams Murrayshall. In 1859, James Maxton of Cultoquhey succeeded his uncle Robert Graham of Balgowan and since then the Maxtons of Cultoquhey borne the double-barrelled surname Maxtone-Graham and quartered the arms of both families.
# Congregation B'nai Shalom (Easton, Pennsylvania)

Congregation B'nai Shalom is a Reform Jewish synagogue located at 1545 Bushkill Street, in Easton, Pennsylvania, in the United States. The congregation was formed on August 1, 2020, following the merger of two former congregations.
Founded in 1839 as Brit Shalom, later known as the Temple Covenant of Peace, it is one of the oldest Jewish congregations in the United States. In 2018 the congregation began discussions to merge with the B'nai Abraham Synagogue, founded in 1889.

## History

Congregation Brit Shalom was founded on August 26, 1839. In 1842, the congregation built a synagogue building at 38 South Sixth Street. In 1959, the congregation, renamed as Temple Covenant of Peace, moved to a new building. By the late twentieth century, the former S. Sixth St building was used as the Second Baptist Church of Easton. In 1996, Mark W. Gordon identified this building as the third oldest synagogue building in the country. However, the old synagogue, subsequent church, was destroyed by arson on June 21, 2003.
Congregation B'nai Abraham, also B'nai Abraham Synagogue (transliterated from Hebrew as "Children of Abraham"), was founded in 1889 by immigrant Jews were from eastern and central Europe, Russia, and the Baltic countries, who practiced in the Orthodox Ashkenazi rite.
After several years of discussions, in August 2020 the two congregations merged as Congregation B'nai Shalom. At the time of the merger, B'nai Abraham was aligned with the Conservative movement; however, the new merged congregation embraced the Reform movement. The congregation adopted the former B'nai Abraham Synagogue Bushkill Street building as their new place of worship. The former Temple Covenant of Peace synagogue building was sold.
# Lockney, West Virginia

Lockney is an unincorporated community in Gilmer County, West Virginia, United States. Lockney is located along U.S. Routes 33 and 119 and the Left Fork Steer Creek, 9 miles (14 km) southwest of Glenville. Lockney had a post office, which opened on May 17, 1898, and closed on November 9, 2002. The community was named after H. C. Lockney, a senator who was instrumental in securing for the town a post office.
# Wormwood Live

Wormwood Live is a 1999 live album by the Residents. Recorded in Germany, it features the full live performance of songs from their album, Wormwood: Curious Stories from the Bible. Studio versions of the live performances were later released as Roadworms: The Berlin Sessions. This live album was released by Ralph America in a limited edition of 1200 copies.

## Track listing

* "In the Beginning"
* "Welcome to Wormwood"
* "Mr. Skull's Rave: 1"
* "How to Get a Head"
* "Mr. Misery"
* "Tent Peg in the Temple"
* "Mr. Skull's Rave: 2"
* "God's Magic Finger"
* "Dinah and the Unclean Skin"
* "Cain and Abel"
* "Mr. Skull's Rave: 3"
* "Burn Baby Burn"
* "Fire Fall"
* "King of Kings"
* "Skull Prayer"
* "Mr. Skull's Rave: 4"
* "Abraham"
* "Bridegroom of Blood"
* "Mr. Skull's Rave: 5"
* "David"
* "Judas Saves"
* "Old Time Religion (Epilogue)"
* "Jesus Loves Me (Exit Music)"
# Broad Street (ward)

Broad Street is one of the 25 ancient wards of the City of London.

## History

In medieval times it was divided into ten precincts and contained six churches, of which only two, St Margaret Lothbury and All Hallows-on-the-Wall now survive: St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange was demolished in 1840, St Benet Fink in 1844, St Martin Outwich in 1874 and St Peter le Poer in 1907.
The ward's northern boundary along London Wall and Blomfield Street borders Coleman Street ward, before curving to the north-east along Liverpool Street, the division with Bishopsgate. From here, Old Broad Street runs south-west along the border with Cornhill where it joins Throgmorton Street, its southern boundary—to the south of which is the Bank of England in Walbrook ward. The western boundary follows a series of small courts and alleys adjacent to Moorgate and then runs up Copthall Avenue. A busy commercial area it also contains two livery halls of the Worshipful Company of Carpenters and Worshipful Company of Drapers on the private Throgmorton Avenue which they jointly own. Like many of the City wards it has a social club for people who work in the area, which celebrated its 30th anniversary in March 2006.
At the top of Old Broad Street, adjacent to Liverpool Street station, was Broad Street station which closed in 1986—the only major terminus station in London to have permanently closed.

## Politics

Broad Street is one of 25 wards in the City of London, each electing an alderman to the Court of Aldermen and commoners (the City equivalent of a councillor) to the Court of Common Council of the City of London Corporation. Only electors who are Freemen of the City of London are eligible to stand.

### Elected representatives

* Alderman: Michael Mainelli
* Deputy: Christopher Hayward
* Common Council: Shahnan Bakth, Antony Manchester
# Plasmin-α2-antiplasmin complex

Plasmin-α2-antiplasmin complex (PAP) is a 1:1 irreversibly formed inactive complex of the enzyme plasmin and its inhibitor α$_2$-antiplasmin. It is a marker of the activity of the fibrinolytic system and a marker of net activation of fibrinolysis.
PAP levels are increased with pregnancy and by ethinylestradiol-containing combined birth control pills. Conversely, levels of PAP do not appear to be affected with menopausal hormone therapy. PAP levels have been reported to be elevated in men with prostate cancer.
# Joseph Gaultier de la Vallette

Joseph Gaultier de la Vallette (24 November 1564, in Rians – 1 December 1647, in Aix-en-Provence) was a 17th-century French astronomer. He was a contemporary and friend of Galileo and Peiresc. With Peiresc he observed the moons of Jupiter in November 1610 and earlier that year he had been the second person after Peires to see the Orion Nebula.
# Joseph McIntosh

Joseph McIntosh or Joe McIntosh may refer to:
* Joseph W. McIntosh (1873–1952), United States Comptroller of the Currency, 1924–28
* Joe McIntosh (Joseph Anthony McIntosh, born 1951), former Major League Baseball pitcher
* Joseph McIntosh (Canadian politician), for Klondike (electoral district), Yukon
* Joe McIntosh (American football) (born 1962), American football running back
# Joseph McKean

Joseph Borden McKean (July 28, 1764 – September 3, 1826) was a distinguished Philadelphia lawyer and judge. He served as state Pennsylvania Attorney General when appointed by his father, Governor Thomas McKean, and like his father, also served as presiding judge of the District Court of Philadelphia

## Biography and career

McKean was the first child of Thomas McKean and Mary Borden. Mary died in 1773 when Joseph was 9, and upon remarriage, the family moved to Philadelphia. During the War the elder McKean was a prominent patriot—among other things, he was a signer of the Declaration of Independence—and the family was given the house of a vacated Brit.
McKean attended the Academy of Philadelphia, graduating in 1782. He was admitted to the bar and began practicing law in 1785.
McKean served as state Attorney General (1800–1808) appointed by his father, the governor, and later served (1814–1826) as a justice of the city of Philadelphia District Court, including two terms as presiding judge (1818–1821, 1825–1826).
In 1824, McKean was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society.
Like his father, McKean served as a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania (1794–1826). They served jointly until his father's death in 1817.

## Marriage and children

McKean married Hannah Miles in 1786. Their children were Mary, Catherine, Samuel Miles, Thomas, Joseph Kirkbridge, Elizabeth, Ann, Letitia, William Wister, Letitia Henrietta, Caroline, Adeline Julia.
Joseph would study law, but not practice, ending up working for the Federal Treasury. William joined the navy at a young age, and ended up as an officer with the rank of Commodore.
Hannah survived her husband by 19 years, dying in 1845.
# Plasmodium pessoai

Plasmodium pessoai is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium. As in all Plasmodium species, P. pessoai has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are reptiles.

## Taxonomy

The parasite was first described by Ayala et al. in 1978. The species is named after Dr Samuel B Pessoa - a parasitologist at the Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
Morphologically this species appears to be related to Plasmodium aurulentum.

## Description

The gametocytes are small and sausage shaped (10.4 x 4.6 micrometres)
Immature schizonts often contain a digestive vacuole.
Mature schizonts are spherical or bouquet-shaped and produce 22 - 32 merozoites. They may possess an intensely staining magenta or rose-coloured substance in the matrix of the surrounding vacuole.

## Distribution

This species is found in Costa Rica, Central America.

## Hosts

Plasmodium pessoai is one of several species known to infect snakes. Other examples are Plasmodium wenyoni and Plasmodium tomodoni. This species infects the rat snake (Spilotes pullatus) and the bush master (Lachesis muta). Plasmodium bitis and infects Viperidae, Plasmodium pythonis infects Python sebae, and Plasmodium melanoleuca infects Elapidae.
# Economic Outlook (OECD publication)

Economic Outlook is a twice-yearly analysis (available for online viewing, download, and in print) published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) with economic analysis and forecasts for future economic performance of OECD countries. The main version is in English, and it is also published in French and German. The OECD also publishes Monthly Economic Indicators (updated every month) to complement the twice-yearly Economic Outlook.

## Reception
### Academic research

Academics have looked at the projections and forecasting record of the OECD as well as the International Monetary Fund, in some cases comparing these to consensus forecasts such as those published by Consensus Economics.
A 2000 paper by Jordi Pons of the University of Barcelona, Spain examined the accuracy and bias of the OECD Economic Outlook forecasts as well as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook forecasts.
A 2001 paper by Roy Batchelor of City University Business School, London compared the Consensus Forecasts with forecasts made by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the OECD. The study found: "With few exceptions, the private sector forecasts are less biased and more accurate in terms of mean absolute error and root mean square error. Formal tests show these differences are statistically significant for forecasts of real growth and production, less so for forecasts of inflation and unemployment. Overall, there appears little information in the OECD and IMF forecasts that could be used to reduce significantly the error in the private sector forecasts."
# Brinjahe

Brinjahe is a municipality in the district of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships

The World Singles Ninepin Bowling Classic Championships is a biennial nine-pin bowling competition organized by the World Ninepin Bowling Association (WNBA NBC). The World Championships was started in 2006, after dividing the championships into Team and Singles.
During the first championships in Skopje, the pairs event took place for the last time in history. Since 2008, the Single's Championships have in the program sprints and mixed tandems events, after removing them from the Team Championships (successively in 2005 and 2007).

## List of championships

| Edition | Year | City | Country | Date | Events | Top of the medal table | Notes |
| 1st | 2006 | Skopje | Macedonia | 23 – 28 Oct | 6 | Slovenia | Only with doubles |
| 2nd | 2008 | Banja Luka | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 21 – 25 Oct | 7 | Serbia | First with sprint and mixed tandem |
| 3rd | 2010 | Ritzing | Austria | 24 – 30 Oct | 7 | Serbia | |
| 4th | 2012 | Leszno | Poland | 21 – 27 Oct | 7 | Croatia | |
| 5th | 2014 | Brno | Czech Republic | 18 – 24 May | 7 | Hungary | |
| 6th | 2016 | Novigrad | Croatia | 22 – 28 May | 7 | Serbia | |
| 7th | 2018 | Cluj-Napoca | Romania | 20 – 26 May | 7 | Serbia | |
| – | 2020 | Tarnowo Podgórne | Poland (2) | 17 – 23 May | – | – | Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic |
| 8th | 2022 | Elva | Estonia | 22 – 28 May | 7 | Serbia | |
| 9th | 2024 | Brezno | Slovakia | 27 May – 1 June | TBA | | |
| 10th | 2026 | Schwaz | Austria | 24 – 30 May | TBA | | |
| 11th | 2028 | Sibiu | Romania | 21 – 28 May | TBA | | |

## Medal count

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Serbia | 14 | 10 | 15 | 39 |
| 2 | Croatia | 9 | 5 | 12 | 26 |
| 3 | Hungary | 8 | 14 | 7 | 29 |
| 4 | Germany | 6 | 8 | 14 | 28 |
| 5 | Romania | 4 | 6 | 7 | 17 |
| 6 | Czech Republic | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 |
| 7 | Slovenia | 4 | 3 | 9 | 16 |
| 8 | Austria | 2 | 2 | 5 | 9 |
| 9 | Slovakia | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8 |
| 10 | Estonia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | Poland | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 | France | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 12 | North Macedonia | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 14 | Italy | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 15 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 15 | Sweden | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (16 entries) | Totals (16 entries) | 55 | 55 | 88 | 198 |

## List of hosts

List of hosts by number of championships hosted.
| Times hosted | Host | Year(s) |
| 2 | Austria | 2010, (2026) |
| 2 | Romania | 2018, (2028) |
| 1 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2008 |
| 1 | Croatia | 2016 |
| 1 | Czech Republic | 2014 |
| 1 | Estonia | 2022 |
| 1 | North Macedonia | 2006 |
| 1 | Poland | 2012, 2020 |
| 1 | Slovakia | (2024) |
# Pohlke's theorem

Pohlke's theorem is the fundamental theorem of axonometry. It was established 1853 by the German painter and teacher of descriptive geometry Karl Wilhelm Pohlke. The first proof of the theorem was published 1864 by the German mathematician Hermann Amandus Schwarz, who was a student of Pohlke. Therefore the theorem is sometimes called theorem of Pohlke and Schwarz, too.

## The theorem

* Three arbitrary line sections ${\overline {O}}{\overline {U}},{\overline {O}}{\overline {V}},{\overline {O}}{\overline {W}}$ in a plane originating at point ${\overline {O}}$, which are not contained in a line, can be considered as the parallel projection of three edges $OU,OV,OW$ of a cube.
For a mapping of a unit cube, one has to apply an additional scaling either in the space or in the plane. Because a parallel projection and a scaling preserves ratios one can map an arbitrary point $P=(x,y,z)$ by the axonometric procedure below.
Pohlke's theorem can be stated in terms of linear algebra as:
* Any affine mapping of the 3-dimensional space onto a plane can be considered as the composition of a similarity and a parallel projection.

## Application to axonometry

Pohlke's theorem is the justification for the following easy procedure to construct a scaled parallel projection of a 3-dimensional object using coordinates,:
* Choose the images of the coordinate axes, not contained in a line.
* Choose for any coordinate axis forshortenings $v_{x},v_{y},v_{z}>0.$
* The image ${\overline {P}}$ of a point $P=(x,y,z)$ is determined by the three steps, starting at point ${\overline {O}}$:
       go $v_{x}\cdot x$ in ${\overline {x}}$-direction, then
       go $v_{y}\cdot y$ in ${\overline {y}}$-direction, then
       go $v_{z}\cdot z$ in ${\overline {z}}$-direction and
    4. mark the point as ${\overline {P}}$.
In order to get undistorted pictures, one has to choose the images of the axes and the forshortenings carefully (see Axonometry). In order to get an orthographic projection only the images of the axes are free and the forshortenings are determined. (see de:orthogonale Axonometrie).

## Remarks on Schwarz's proof

Schwarz formulated and proved the more general statement:
* The vertices of any quadrilateral can be considered as an oblique parallel projection of the vertices of a tetrahedron that is similar to a given tetrahedron.
and used a theorem of L’Huilier:
* Every triangle can be considered as the orthographic projection of a triangle of a given shape.
# Plau am See (Amt)

Plau am See (German: ) is an Amt in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The seat of the Amt is in Plau am See.
The Amt Plau am See consists of the following municipalities:
* Barkhagen
* Ganzlin
* Plau am See
# Eastgulf, West Virginia

Eastgulf is an unincorporated community in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. Eastgulf is 6 miles (9.7 km) south-southwest of Sophia.
Cornelius H. Charlton (1929-1951), United States Army soldier and recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor, was born in Eastgulf.
# Wrightington Bar

Wrightington Bar is a small linear village in West Lancashire, England. It is on the B5250 Appley Bridge to Eccleston road, and is in the civil parish of Wrightington.
# Wrightoporia unguliformis

Wrightoporia unguliformis is a species of fungus in the family Bondarzewiaceae. Described as new to science in 2006, it is found in southern China.

## Description

Fruit bodies of Wrightoporia unguliformis are woody and hoof-shaped, measuring up to 12 cm (4.7 in) long by 9 cm (3.5 in) wide, and have a distinct rusty brown to dark brown crust. The pore surface is buff to pale brown, and it has thick tube mouths. It has a dimitic hyphal system, with dextrinoid skeletal hyphae. The fungus causes a white rot on angiosperms.
# Wrightoporia lenta

Wrightoporia lenta is a species of fungus in the family Bondarzewiaceae. First described as a species of Poria in 1946, Czech mycologist Zdeněk Pouzar transferred it to Wrightoporia in 1966.
# Plot Twist (disambiguation)

A plot twist is a literary technique that introduces a radical change in the direction or expected outcome of the plot in a work of fiction.
Plot twist may also refer to:
* "Plot Twist" (Sigrid song)
* "Plot Twist" (TWS song)
* "Plot Twist", a song by Marc E. Bassy
# Bromo(chloro)fluoro(iodo)silane

Bromo(chloro)fluoro(iodo)silane is a complex inorganic compound of bromine, chlorine, fluorine, iodine, and silicon with the chemical formula SiIBrClF. This is a chiral molecule.

## Preparation

It can be prepared by prolonged heating of a mixture of fluoride-chloride-dibromide of silicon SiFClBr$_2$ and triiodosilane SiHI$_3$ at 100 °C, followed by separation of the halide mixture by fractional distillation.

## Physical properties

The compound is a colorless solid, that reacts with water.
# Wright-Bellanca WB-1

The Wright-Bellanca WB-1 was designed by Giuseppe Mario Bellanca for the Wright Aeronautical corporation for use in record-breaking flights.

## Development

The WB-1 was a high-winged monoplane with conventional landing gear and all-wood construction. The landing gear fairings were constructed to extend into wheel pants.

## Operational history

The WB-1 was demonstrated at the 1925 Pulitzer Prize Air Races in New York. In the first day's flights, the WB-1 clocked in 121.8 mph in a closed course race. On day two, the WB-1 won, in a payload versus hp and speed efficiency contest, beating a Curtiss Oriole and Sikorsky S-31. In 1926, pilot Fred Becker crashed the overloaded aircraft in a world-record endurance attempt. The aircraft cartwheeled and broke up on a landing attempt.

## Specifications (WB-1)

Data from , Aerofiles
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Capacity: 5 (1,440 lb (650 kg))
* Length: 24 ft 9 in (7.54 m)
* Wingspan: 45 ft (14 m)
* Powerplant: 1 × Wright J-4 Whirlwind 9-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine, 200 hp (150 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 115 kn (132 mph, 212 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 87 kn (100 mph, 160 km/h)
* Stall speed: 39 kn (45 mph, 72 km/h)
# Briskin

Briskin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Briskin, American sociologist
* Bernard Briskin (1924–2020), American businessman, son of Samuel
* Irving Briskin (1903–1981), American film producer
* Jacqueline Briskin (1927–2014), British-born American writer
* Samuel J. Briskin (1896–1968), American film producer
# Bruce, Minnesota

Bruce was a town in Rock County, Minnesota, USA. The town has been completely abandoned, and no trace of it remains.

## History

The town of Bruce was plotted in May 1888 as a 16-city block town. The originally proposed name was Martin, in honor of Martin Township. When settlers arrived, it was named Bruce, after a railroad official. The town began primarily as the home of a station on the Illinois Central Railroad.
During its first year, the town contained a hotel, a saloon, several stores, and a blacksmith shop, but the boom of activity was short-lived. Most of the town's businesses and residences were relocated a mile and a half east to the town of Hills when the Sioux City and Northern Railroad extended its line from Sioux City, Iowa to Garretson, South Dakota in 1890, bypassing Bruce and creating a rail intersection in Hills. The town faded soon afterwards, though the Post Office opened in 1888 remained in operation until 1936.
A few remaining buildings can be seen in the 1936 U.S. Department of Agriculture's aerial photo to the right. The last buildings were demolished in the early 1970s and the Illinois Central tracks were removed in 1982. The area, which was once Bruce, Minnesota, is now a farmer's cornfield.