OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cleaner production

Cleaner production is a preventive, company-specific environmental protection initiative. It is intended to minimize waste and emissions and maximize product output. By analysing the flow of materials and energy in a company, one tries to identify options to minimize waste and emissions out of industrial processes through source reduction strategies. Improvements of organisation and technology help to reduce or suggest better choices in use of materials and energy, and to avoid waste, waste water generation, and gaseous emissions, and also waste heat and noise.

## Overview

The concept was developed during the preparation of the Rio Summit as a programme of UNEP (United Nations Environmental Programme) and UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) under the leadership of Jacqueline Aloisi de Larderel, the former Assistant Executive Director of UNEP. The programme was meant to reduce the environmental impact of industry. It built on ideas used by the company 3M in its 3P programme (pollution prevention pays). It has found more international support than all other comparable programmes. The programme idea was described "...to assist developing nations in leapfrogging from pollution to less pollution, using available technologies". Starting from the simple idea to produce with less waste Cleaner Production was developed into a concept to increase the resource efficiency of production in general. UNIDO has been operating National Cleaner Production Centers and Programmes (NCPCs/NCPPs) with centres in Latin America, Africa, Asia and Europe.
Cleaner production is endorsed by UNEP's International Declaration on Cleaner Production, "a voluntary and public statement of commitment to the practice and promotion of Cleaner Production". Implementing guidelines for cleaner production were published by UNEP in 2001.
In the US, the term pollution prevention is more commonly used for cleaner production.

## Options

Examples for cleaner production options are:
* Documentation of consumption (as a basic analysis of material and energy flows, e. g. with a Sankey diagram)
* Use of indicators and controlling (to identify losses from poor planning, poor education and training, mistakes)
* Substitution of raw materials and auxiliary materials (especially renewable materials and energy)
* Increase of useful life of auxiliary materials and process liquids (by avoiding drag in, drag out, contamination)
* Improved control and automatisation
* Reuse of waste (internal or external)
* New, low waste processes and technologies

## Initiatives

One of the first European initiatives in cleaner production was started in Austria in 1992 by the BMVIT (Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie). This resulted in two initiatives: "Prepare" and EcoProfit.
The "PIUS" initiative was founded in Germany in 1999. Since 1994, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization operates the National Cleaner Production Centre Programme with centres in Central America, South America, Africa, Asia, and Europe.
# Clauson

Clauson is a surname of Germanic origin. The name refers to:
* Albert Clauson, 1st_Baron_Clauson (1870-1946), Law Lord, Lord Justice of Appeal
* Bryan Clauson (1989–2016), American race car driver
* Clinton Clauson (1895–1959), American politician; governor of Maine 1959
* Gerard Clauson (1891–1974), English Orientalist
* Hailey Clauson (b. 1995), American fashion model
* William Clauson (1930–2017), Swedish-American folk singer
# Dick Keith

Richard Matthewson Keith (15 May 1933 – 28 February 1967) was a professional footballer from Northern Ireland who played as a right-back. He made over 200 appearances for English club Newcastle United between 1956 and 1964, and also played for Linfield, Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic and Weymouth, and was a member of the Northern Ireland squad at the 1958 World Cup.

## Playing career
### Club

Keith was born in Belfast on 15 May 1933 and began his career in the Irish League with Linfield. He won the Irish Cup with Linfield in 1953 and was named Ulster Footballer of the Year in 1956. He was transferred to Newcastle United in September 1956, where he went on to make 208 Football League appearances and became captain in 1962. He joined Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic in February 1964 and later joined non-League club Weymouth.

### International

Keith made 23 appearances for Northern Ireland between 1957 and 1962, and was part of the squad that reached the quarter-finals of the 1958 World Cup. He also played for the Northern Ireland B team and the Irish League representative team.

## Death

Keith died in Bournemouth on 28 February 1967 as a result of an accident at a builder's yard, when an automatic garage door he was dismantling collapsed on top of him. He was aged 33 and still playing for Weymouth at the time.
# Clivina subfusa

Clivina subfusa is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Scaritinae. It was described by Darlington in 1962.
# Murder by Experts

Murder by Experts is a 1936 mystery thriller novel by the British writer Anthony Gilbert, the pen name of Lucy Beatrice Malleson. It launched her long-running series featuring the shady London lawyer and detective Arthur Crook. Although she had been writing since 1926 this was her first major popular success. The plot revolves around collectors of Chinese antiques.
# Murexide test

The murexide test is an analytical technique to identify the presence of caffeine and other purine derivatives in a sample. These compounds do not respond to the common alkaloid identification tests such as Dragendorff's reagent. In this test, crude drugs (to be identified) are mixed with a tiny amount of potassium chlorate and a drop of hydrochloric acid. The sample is then evaporated to dryness and the resulting residue is exposed to ammonia vapour. Purine alkaloids produce a pinkish-purple color in this test due to formation of murexide (ammonium purpurate; appears purple in pure state), which the test is named after.
In pure form, murexide appears purple, but when it is produced by reaction of acidified solutions of purines and ammonia, various shades of purple and pink are produced.

## Uses

Murexide test is a color test for uric acid and some other purines. The (solid) sample is first treated with small volume of a concentrated acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, which is slowly evaporated away; subsequent addition of ammonia (NH$_3$) gives a purple color if uric acid was present, due to formation of murexide, or a yellow color that turns to red on heating if xanthine or its derivatives are present.
# Dick Twardzik

Richard Henryk Twardzik (April 30, 1931 – October 21, 1955) was an American jazz pianist who worked in Boston for most of his career.

## Career

Twardzik trained in classical piano as a child and made his professional debut at the age of fourteen. He was taught by Margaret Chaloff, the mother of baritone saxophone player Serge Chaloff. Twardzik recorded with Serge Chaloff and with Charlie Mariano. He worked with Charlie Parker on several occasions toward the end of Parker's life. Twardzik also played professionally with Chet Baker and Lionel Hampton. He recorded with Baker and Chaloff in 1954 and 1955.
In his teenage years, Twardzik became addicted to heroin. He died October 21, 1955, at age 24, from a heroin overdose while on tour with Chet Baker in Europe.
The song In Memory of Dick was written by saxophonist Bobby Jaspar, who occasionally played with Twardzik and Baker during their tour in Europe.

## Discography
### As leader

* Trio with Russ Freeman (Pacific Jazz, 1956)

### As sideman

* Chet Baker, Chet Baker in Europe (Pacific Jazz, 1955)
* Chet Baker, Indian Summer (The Complete 1955 Concerts In Holland) (Nederlands Jazz Archief NJA0701, 2007)
* Serge Chaloff, The Fabel of Mabel (1201 Music, 1999)
* Charlie Parker, The Happy Bird (Charlie Parker, 1961)
* Charlie Parker, Boston, 1952 (Uptown UPCD 27.42, 1996)
# Previš, Neum

Previš is a village in the municipality of Neum, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 32, all Croats.
# Prethopalpus attenboroughi

Prethopalpus attenboroughi, or Attenborough's goblin spider, is a tiny spider named after Sir David Attenborough, that is found only on Horn Island off northern Queensland in Australia. The millimeter-long spider was described in 2012 by Dr Barbara Baehr of the Queensland Museum and Professor Mark Harvey of the Western Australian Museum.
The male type specimen was collected in 1986; the female is unknown.
# Clavus boucheti

Clavus boucheti is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Drilliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 31.4 mm.
Clavus bouchetiis a species of sea snail in the family Drilliidae. This marine gastropod was first described by Kilburn in 1988. It is found in the deep waters of the Indian Ocean, particularly around the region of Madagascar. The shell of Clavus boucheti is elongated and has a distinctive pattern, usually featuring fine spiral ridges and a pointed apex. The species is named in honor of the French malacologist Philippe Bouchet, who has made significant contributions to the study of marine biodiversity.

## Distribution

This is a marine species occurs off New Caledonia.
# Cleodoxus carinatus

Cleodoxus carinatus is a species of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by White in 1855, and is known from Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northern Argentina, and Bolivia.
# Klasea

Klasea is a genus of Eurasian and North African flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.

## Species

* Klasea alcalae
* Klasea aphyllopoda
* Klasea aznavouriana
* Klasea boetica
* Klasea ×bogdensis
* Klasea bornmuelleri
* Klasea bulgarica
* Klasea calcarea
* Klasea cardunculus
* Klasea caucasica
* Klasea centauroides
* Klasea cerinthifolia
* Klasea chartacea
* Klasea coriacea
* Klasea cretica
* Klasea dissecta
* Klasea erucifolia
* Klasea flavescens
* Klasea grandifolia
* Klasea gracillima
* Klasea hakkiarica
* Klasea hastifolia
* Klasea haussknechtii
* Klasea integrifolia
* Klasea khorasanica
* Klasea khuzistanica
* Klasea kotschyi
* Klasea kurdica
* Klasea lasiocephala
* Klasea latifolia
* Klasea legionensis
* Klasea leptoclada
* Klasea lycopifolia
* Klasea lyratifolia
* Klasea marginata
* Klasea melanocheila
* Klasea monardii
* Klasea moreana
* Klasea ×mouterdei
* Klasea nudicaulis
* Klasea nana
* Klasea oligocephala
* Klasea pallida
* Klasea paradoxa
* Klasea pinnatifida
* Klasea procumbens
* Klasea pusilla
* Klasea quinquefolia
* Klasea radiata
* Klasea sanandajensis
* Klasea serratuloides
* Klasea sogdiana
* Klasea suffruticulosa
* Klasea suffulta
* Klasea viciifolia
* Klasea yunus-emrei

## formerly included

* Klasea chinensis - Rhaponticum chinense
* Klasea insularis - Serratula coronata var. insularis
# Pradleves

Pradleves is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Cuneo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 306 and an area of 19.2 square kilometres (7.4 sq mi).
Pradleves borders the following municipalities: Castelmagno, Demonte, Dronero, and Monterosso Grana.
# Murder on the Campus

Murder on the Campus is a 1933 American pre-Code mystery film directed by Richard Thorpe. The film is also known as On the Stroke of Nine in the United Kingdom. It is based on the novel The Campanile Murders, by Whitman Chambers (Appleton, 1933).

## Plot

Reporter Bill Bartlett is researching a piece on students, but soon finds himself investigating a murder. He hears a gunshot coming from a college bell tower, and finds himself a murder suspect when police captain Ed Kyne discovers him at the scene of the crime. Bartlett also finds himself in love with one of the chief suspects, Lillian Voyne, and is designated to cover the story as a reporter. After two more men are killed, Bartlett enlists the help of C. Edson Hawley, respected college professor and amateur detective.

## Cast

* Charles Starrett as Bill Bartlett
* Shirley Grey as Lillian Voyne
* J. Farrell MacDonald as Police Capt. Ed Kyne
* Ruth Hall as Ann Michaels
* Dewey Robinson as Detective Sgt. Charlie Lorrimer
* Maurice Black as Blackie Atwater
* Edward Van Sloan as Prof. C. Edson Hawley
* Jane Keckley as Hilda Lund

## Critical reception

TV Guide wrote, "the plot of this tidy suspense mystery is developed neatly, with a believable solution to the murders"; and Shades of Grey wrote, "after a shakey start (with some pretty lame acting by Starrett and Grey), Murder on the Campus comes together as a fine little murder mystery."
# Murchison River

Murchison River may refer to the following:
* Murchison River (New Zealand)
* Murchison River (Tasmania)
* Murchison River (Western Australia)
* Murchison River (Nunavut) (Kuuk)
* Murchison River Gorge
# Murchison Semliki Landscape

The Murchison Semliki Landscape is a conservation priority landscape situated east of Lake Albert in western Uganda. Species of conservation concern are chimpanzee, elephant, crowned eagle, golden cat, Nahan's francolin, Nile crocodile, hippopotamus and lion. Conservation challenges in this region are pressure from the growing population on its natural resources, including immigration from within Uganda and DRC in response to the availability of natural resources, lack of law enforcement, and the prospect of employment in the establishing petroleum industry.

## Geographical location

The Murchison Semliki Landscape extends from Murchison Falls National Park at the northern end of Lake Albert to the Toro-Semliki Wildlife Reserve at the southern end of the lake and covers the districts of Masindi, Buliisa, Hoima, Kibaale, Kyenjojo and Ntoroko.

## Physiogeography

Elevation in the landscape ranges between 750–1100 m with isolated hills reaching up to 1452 m. Most of the landscape is characterized by gently rolling hills with several isolated steep sloped hill formations.
The landscape experiences a tropical wet and dry or savanna climate (Aw) according to the Köppen climate classification with a mean annual rainfall between 1350 and 1600 mm distributed over two distinct rainy seasons from April to May (short rains) and from October to December (long rains) and mean annual temperature of around 25 degree Celsius.

## Vegetation formations

The natural vegetation formations occurring in the landscape form a mosaic of rain forest, woodland, bushland and grassland with gallery forest along streams and rivers and papyrus swamps in flat valley bottoms.
The natural formations have been converted to other land uses for agriculture through traditionally slash and burning forest for subsistence farming and cash crop production, plantations for tea and sugar, on a large scale, and tobacco, on a smaller scale.

## Flora and species composition

The flora of the landscape is part of the Lake Victoria Regional Mosaic according to White's vegetation classification of Africa and it has the strongest affinity with the Guineo-Congolian and Afromontane floras, because of its close vicinity to the Congo Basin and the Rwenzori Mountains.
# Clerinae

Clerinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Cleridae.

## Genera

* Allonyx
* Aphelocerus
* Aphelochroa
* Aulicus
* Balcus
* Calendyma
* Caridopus
* Clerus
* Colyphus
* Corynommadius
* Dologenitus
* Dozocolletus
* Enoclerus
* Epiclines
* Erymanthus
* Evenoclerus
* Gyponyx
* Jenjouristia
* Kanaliella
* Languropilus
* Menieroclerus
* Neorthrius
* Nonalatus
* Ohanlonella
* Omadius
* Opilo
* Orthrius
* Perilypus
* Phloiocopus
* Pieleus
* Placopterus
* Priocera
* Pseudoastigmus
* Sedlacekvia
* Stigmatium
* Thanasimodes
* Thanasimus
* Tillicera
* Trichodes
* Wilsonoclerus
* Xenorthrius
* Zenithicola
* †Arawakis
# Clomantagh Castle

Clomantagh Castle is a 15th-century tower house located near Freshford, County Kilkenny, in Ireland. Originally constructed in the 1430s, additional buildings and outbuildings were added in the subsequent centuries - including a connected 19th century farmhouse. Carvings on the castle's walls include a Sheela na gig relief (a symbolic pagan nude).
Situated on lands owned by the Earls of Ormond, on the death of Pierce 'Ruadh' Butler, 8th Earl of Ormond in 1539, the castle was inherited by his son, Richard Butler, 1st Viscount Mountgarret. It remained in the hands of the Butlers of Mountgarret through the 16th and 17th centuries, until its confiscation following the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.
The castle was subject to renovations in the late 20th century (which received an award from the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland), and is now managed as a holiday rental property by the Irish Landmark Trust.
# Clifford Ulp

Clifford McCormick Ulp (1885–1958) was one of Rochester's foremost professors of the arts during the first half of the 20th century.

## Early life

Clifford Ulp was born in Olean, New York in 1885. He attended Rochester's East High School. He continued his studies at the Rochester Athenaeum and Mechanics Institute, or what is now known as Rochester Institute of Technology and graduated in 1908. He also attended the Art Students League in New York City on scholarship. Some of his more well known teachers included Charles H. Woodbury, Emile Gruppe and William Merritt Chase.

## Career

After studying at the Art Students League, Ulp returned to Rochester where he focused his work on illustration and advertising until 1913 when RIT hired him to teach illustration and drawing. He continued teaching there for the next 39 years. During the early years of his RIT career, Ulp's work could be frequently found in the pages of the Saturday Evening Post and Country Gentleman magazines. In 1920 he was appointed director of the arts for what is now known as the College of Imaging Arts and Sciences at RIT. During this time he introduced the use of motion pictures in a course called Models in Motion. He helped bring nature motifs indoors through the use of color slides. He served as director until his retirement in 1952. He was a popular public speaker and well-known figure in Rochester during the 1920s and early 1930s. He served as vice president of the Rochester Art Club from 1926 to 1927 and later served as president from 1927 to 1932. He served on the board of managers for the Rochester Memorial Art Gallery from 1928 to 1952. Although he worked many late nights at his 3rd floor studio he was still well known for being a family man. Ulp died in 1958 at the age of 72.

## Artwork

Clifford McCormick Ulp is remembered primarily for his landscape portrayals. He is also known for his religious works, murals, illustrations, and printmaking. Two styles of painting that fascinated Ulp were that of fresco and pastel. He enjoyed doing outdoor sketching in all kinds of weather, and would usually do an outdoor sketch each day which he would then have his family critique.
# East Wittering (ward)

East Wittering was an electoral ward of Chichester District, West Sussex, England that returns two members to sit on Chichester District Council.
Following a district boundary review, it was merged into the new The Witterings ward in 2019.

## Councillors

| Year | Year | Year | Member | Party | Member | Party |
| | | 2007 | Peter Clementson | Conservative | Sevey Mastronardi | Conservative |
| | | 2008 | Peter Clementson | Conservative | Graeme Barrett | Conservative |

## Election results

East Wittering by-election 2008 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Graeme Barrett* | 410 | 40.3 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mary Ellen Green | 364 | 35.8 |
| | BNP | Andrew Emerson | 125 | 12.3 |
| | Labour | Joe O'Sullivan | 69 | 6.8 |
| | UKIP | James McCulloch | 49 | 4.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1017 | 25.05 |
    * Elected
Chichester District Council election 2007: East Wittering :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Conservative | Sevey Mastronardi* | 575 | 21.61 |
| | Conservative | Peter Clementson* | 574 | 21.57 |
| | Independent | Bob Norris | 517 | 19.44 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Mary Ellen Green | 491 | 18.46 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Simon Green | 381 | 14.33 |
| | Labour | Joe O'Sullivan | 122 | 4.59 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 2660 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1531 | 38.06 |
    * Elected
# William de Alburwyke

William de Alburwyke was an English medieval singer, college fellow, and university chancellor.
William de Alburwyke was chantor of York in northern England. He was also at Merton College, Oxford and a Doctor of Divinity. He was Principal of Broadgates Hall, which later became Pembroke College, Oxford. Between 1324 and 1326, he was Chancellor of the University of Oxford.
# Carlos Quinteros

Carlos Quinteros (nom de guerre: Miguel) was a Guatemalan communist. Quinteros was a member of the Guatemalan Party of Labour (PGT). When PGT split in 1978 he became a leading figure in the more militant PGT-NDN break-away group. However, he soon left PGT-NDN and joined Guatemalan Party of Labour - Communist Party (PGT-PC). Soon, however he was expelled from PGT-PC.
In 1983 Quinteros was captured by the state forces. He soon turned into a collaborator and started providing information about his former comrades in PGT, PGT-NDN, PGT-PC. In total, around 70 people were captured and killed. In some cases Quinteros himself took part in the executions. PGT-PC was essentially wiped out in this process and PGT-NDN was reduced to the party leader and closest associates in exile.
Quinteros was eventually killed by his former comrades.
This events are told in the book El Filo (1993).
* This article about a Guatemalan politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Maurice Deloraine

Maurice Deloraine (1898–1991) was a French engineer, executive and technical director of International Telephone and Telegraph. Deloraine was strongly involved in the development of the so-called Huff-Duff.
Deloraine and others made an initial patent for delta modulation called "Communication system utilizing constant amplitude pulses of opposite polarities" (French patent issued 1946, US patent filed 1947).
# Brache

Brache is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cristine Brache (born 1984), American artist and writer
* Marcel Brache (born 1987), American rugby union player
* Rafael Brache (1888–1965), Dominican Republic politician, civil servant, and diplomat
# Mazhar Çakin

Mazhar Çakin (born 1907, date of death unknown) was a Turkish wrestler. He competed in the Greco-Roman bantamweight at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Catbird (disambiguation)

A catbird is any one of several unrelated songbirds with cat-like calls. It may also refer to:

## Aircraft

* Lockheed Martin CATBird, Lockheed Martin test aircraft
* Scaled Composites Catbird, a high-efficiency five-seat single-engine aircraft

## Basketball

* Louisville Catbirds, a basketball team
* La Crosse Catbirds, a basketball team

## Other

* Catbird, an American jeweler
* Catbird, an Australian thoroughbred horse that won the Golden Slipper Stakes in 1999
* Catbird, Catwoman's alternate identity in the DC Gothtopia story arc, written by John Layman.
* Catbird Records, a US independent record label
* Catbird seat, an idiomatic phrase used to describe an enviable position
* Cat Bird, a 2017 platformer mobile game