OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gulbenkian Commission

The Gulbenkian Commission sought to address inadequacies in the organization of the social science disciplines that developed in the nineteenth century by indicating a direction for social scientific inquiry for the next 50 years. It was founded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. It held three meetings in 1994 and 1995.

## Members

Its members included Immanuel Wallerstein (chair), Calestous Juma, Evelyn Fox Keller, Jürgen Kocka, Dominique Lecourt, Valentin Y. Mudimbe, Kinhide Mushakoji, Ilya Prigogine, Peter J. Taylor, Michel-Rolph Trouillot. Six of them were drawn from the social sciences, two from the natural sciences and two from the humanities. The commission sought to produce a book length work that would identify new directions for the organization of knowledge in the next fifty years. The report was published in 1996 by Stanford University as the book, Open the Social Sciences by Immanuel Wallerstein. To foster international debate, the report has been published in numerous languages including English, French, Portuguese, German, Dutch, Czech, Chinese, Korean, Spanish, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Romanian, Serbocroat, Turkish, and Japanese.

## Debate

The ideas in the report have stimulated debate around the world. For example, in the Indian Magazine Frontline, Sundar Sarukkai discussed its conclusions and applicability to the Indian context, which he criticizes for being cliquish and unprofessional. In 2006 Michael Burawoy, at Berkeley, offered a highly critical perspective: "We hear nothing about how and where this new knowledge will be produced. Nor do we hear for whom this knowledge will be produced, nor for what ends. Instead we have an abstract and totalizing utopia that reflects the concerns of Western academics, perched high up in the ivory tower, seemingly unaware that the fortress beneath them – supporting them -- was under siege". This comment was made in spite of the fact that the commission itself included academics from the Caribbean, Africa, and East Asia, as well as Europe and North America. Richard Lee suggests concrete ways that the Commission's goal of breaking down barriers between the disciplines of the social sciences might be achieved.
# In a Park

In a Park is a pastel painting on paper mounted on cardboard, executed c. 1874 by French artist Berthe Morisot. It is held at the Petit Palais in Paris.

## Description

The painting depicts a young woman in a leisure time in a park with two little girls and a dog. The woman, dressed in black and with a hat, is seated in the foreground in a field of long grass, holding a reclined child, while her dog sits in front of them. A net used to catch butterflies lies at her left. In the middle distance stands a small girl holding her straw hat, and in the background are trees.
The painting demonstrates both the influence of naturalist master Camille Corot and of impressionist painter Édouard Manet, a friend of Morisot, with whose contemporary work it has some similarities. The influence seems to have been mutual between both painters, and Morisot married Édouard's brother, Eugène Manet, in 1874. One of the two children is Jeanne Pontillon (1870-1921), niece of the painter and daughter of Edma, Berthe's sister.
# Buzzi

Buzzi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aldo Buzzi (1910–2009), Italian architect
* Arturo Buzzi-Peccia (1854–1943), Italian-American songwriter
* Carlo Buzzi, a seventeenth-century Italian painter
* Carlo Buzzi (17th-century architect) architect of the Lombard Baroque school.
* David Buzzi (b. 1968), Swiss singer and songwriter
* Emanuele Buzzi (born 1994), Italian alpine ski racer
* Fabio Buzzi (1943–2019), Italian motorboat builder and racer
* Giovanni Buzzi (born 1996), Italian fencer
* Ippolito Buzzi (1562–1634), Italian sculptor
* Luigi Buzzi Leone (1823–1909), an Italian sculptor from Viggiù in the Province of Varese
* Martín Buzzi (b. 1967), Argentine politician
* Michel Buzzi (born 1939), Swiss sailor
* Paolo Buzzi (1874–1956), Italian playwright and poet
* Raffaele Buzzi (born 1995), Italian Nordic combined skier
* Ruth Buzzi (b. 1936), American actor and comedian
* Yuri Buzzi (born 1978), Italian actor and writer
# Heavy Petting

Heavy Petting may refer to:

## Film and television

* Heavy Petting (2007 film), American dog comedy
* Heavy Petting (1989 film), American celebrity documentary
* Heavy Petting (TV series), Indian series about pets

## Music

* Heavy Petting (album), 1997 album by Bad Manners
# Astronauts Day

Astronauts Day is an American holiday, dedicated to NASA astronauts and their achievements. It is a "floating" holiday, observed on the last Friday of January.

## Overview

This date was chosen to commemorate a number of space-related disasters which took place around this time, including the 27 January 1967 deaths of Command Pilot Virgil Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward Higgins White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee aboard Apollo 1, and disasters involving the Space Shuttle Challenger on 28 January 1986, and the Space Shuttle Columbia on 1 February 2003.
Observants of this holiday are asked to light a candle in their window, reflect on the sacrifices astronauts have made, and re-dedicate themselves to a personal dream or goal of their own, a reference to a quote from Alan Shepard. While stuck in his suit for hours during a space mission, enduring technical delays, his patience gave out and he said "Why don’t you fix your little problem and light this candle!"
# International Herb Symposium

The International Herb Symposium is a biannual conference held at Wheaton College in Norton, Massachusetts to discuss botanical medicine, herbal conservation and the survival of First World herbal traditions. This conference is one of the largest herb conferences held in the United States and the only worldwide herbal conference with an explicit international focus, including speakers from Africa, Tibet, Central and South America and American Indian tribes. During this conference, over 100 workshops are typically presented during a single weekend – ranging from indigenous traditional to scientific uses of botanicals. The conference is organized by Rosemary Gladstar and Sage Mountain Retreat Center and features speakers from all over the world.
# Hoselaw Loch and Din Moss

Hoselaw Loch and Din Moss is a nature reserve near Kelso in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, in the former Roxburghshire. A lack of footpaths and the surrounding land being used by farms makes access tricky.
The reserve is designated SSSI, SPA and Ramsar because of the large numbers of wildfown overwintering there, especially the Icelandic/Greenland pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus) and the Icelandic greylag goose (Anser anser).
# 2002 Asian Athletics Championships – Women's 10,000 metres

The women's 10,000 metres event at the 2002 Asian Athletics Championships was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka on 10 August.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Ham Bong-Sil | North Korea | 34:44.92 | SB |
| | Jo Bun-Hui | North Korea | 35:00.63 | SB |
| | Aruna Devi Waishram | India | 35:38.70 | |
| 4 | M.A. Chandrawathe | Sri Lanka | 35:53.75 | PB |
| 5 | Dalugoda Inoka | Sri Lanka | 36:09.54 | SB |
| 6 | Sujeewa Nilmini Jayasena | Sri Lanka | 36:14.28 | SB |
| 7 | Beant Kaur | India | 36:43.76 | |
| | Gulsara Dadabayeva | Tajikistan | DNF | |
# Hysenbelliu

Hysenbelliu is an Albanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kasem Hysenbelliu (born 1961), Albanian businessman, philanthropist, intellectual
* Fatmir Hysenbelliu (born 1992), Albanian footballer
* Irfan Hysenbelliu (born 1959), Albanian businessman
# Block nested loop

A block-nested loop (BNL) is an algorithm used to join two relations in a relational database.
This algorithm is a variation of the simple nested loop join and joins two relations $R$ and $S$ (the "outer" and "inner" join operands, respectively). Suppose $|R|<|S|$. In a traditional nested loop join, $S$ will be scanned once for every tuple of $R$. If there are many qualifying $R$ tuples, and particularly if there is no applicable index for the join key on $S$, this operation will be very expensive.
The block nested loop join algorithm improves on the simple nested loop join by only scanning $S$ once for every group of $R$ tuples. Here groups are disjoint sets of tuples in $R$ and the union of all groups has the same tuples as $R$. For example, one variant of the block nested loop join reads an entire page of $R$ tuples into memory and loads them into a hash table. It then scans $S$, and probes the hash table to find $S$ tuples that match any of the tuples in the current page of $R$. This reduces the number of scans of $S$ that are necessary.
A more aggressive variant of this algorithm loads as many pages of $R$ as can be fit in the available memory, loading all such tuples into a hash table, and then repeatedly scans $S$. This further reduces the number of scans of $S$ that are necessary. In fact, this algorithm is essentially a special-case of the classic hash join algorithm.
The block nested loop runs in $O(P_{r}P_{s}/M)$ I/Os where $M$ is the number of available pages of internal memory and $P_{r}$ and $P_{s}$ is size of $R$ and $S$ respectively in pages. Note that block nested loop runs in $O(P_{r}+P_{s})$ I/Os if $R$ fits in the available internal memory.
# Athletics at the 1950 British Empire Games – Men's marathon

The men's marathon event at the 1950 British Empire Games was held on 11 February in Auckland, New Zealand, with start and finish at the Eden Park.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Jack Holden | England | 2:32:57 | GR |
| | Syd Luyt | South Africa | 2:37:03 | |
| | Jack Clarke | New Zealand | 2:39:27 | |
| 4 | Gordon Stanley | Australia | 2:40:49 | |
| 5 | Tom Richards | Wales | 2:42:11 | |
| 6 | Paul Collins | Canada | 2:45:01 | |
| 7 | Bill Bromily | New Zealand | 2:46:51 | |
| 8 | George Norman | Canada | 2:47:50 | |
| 9 | Robert Prentice | Australia | 2:48:54 | |
| 10 | Walter Fedorick | Canada | 2:51:29 | |
| 11 | Gérard Côté | Canada | 2:51:59 | |
| 12 | Arthur Lydiard | New Zealand | 2:54:52 | |
| 13 | Lionel Fox | New Zealand | 2:57:47 | |
| 14 | John Paterson | Scotland | 3:00:59 | |
| | William Emmerton | Australia | DNF | |
| | John Pottage | Australia | DNF | |
| | John Davey | Australia | DNS | |
# International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory

International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), in Braga, Portugal, a fully international research organization in Europe in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. INL is the result of a joint decision of the Governments of Portugal and Spain, taken on November 19, 2005, at the XXI Portugal–Spain Summit, in Évora. In this summit it was decided that the institute would be located in Braga, Portugal and its first director would be a Spanish researcher (Professor José Rivas of the University of Santiago de Compostela, nominated on the occasion by the President of the Government of Spain)
INL provides a research environment promoting an interdisciplinary effort in addressing the major challenges in the emerging areas of Nanobiotechnology, Nanoelectronics, Nanomedicine and Materials Science at Nanoscale. The key research activities are based on existing areas in Portugal and Spain, as well as on new strategic development areas where researchers will be hired. The Laboratory is planned for 440 scientists, students, and supporting technical and administrative staff.
INL works with international research centres, local and global industry and universities.

## INL summit

Since 2015 INL organizes the INL Summit. This two days event brings together participants on all areas of knowledge with a focus on the impact of nanotechnology in today's world. In the 2016 event, BeeHex introduced 3D food printing at INL's annual conference.
* Previous events:
* 2015: Scale Travels
* 2016: Nanotechnology as a key driver for rethinking food
* 2017: Nanotechnology: The new economy

## History

* 2005: Decision of Portugal and Spain to set up a joint R&D institution in the district of Braga;
* 2006: Signing of the International Convention with the Statutes by the governments of the two countries (November);
* 2007: Parliamentary approval of the Treaty in the two countries and corresponding ratification by Heads of State;
* 2008: Signature of the Headquarters Agreement with the Portuguese State and assignment of the land by the Portuguese State to the INL (January) and beginning of the construction of the facilities (July);
* 2009: Inauguration of the facilities (17 July);
* 2010: Beginning of scientific activities at INL's facilities (November);
* 2011: Authorization for the award of the 2nd tender for the purchase of scientific equipment (May);

## Departments

* Micro and Nanofabrication
* Nanoelectronics Engineering
* Life Sciences
* Quantum Materials, Science and Technology
* Nanophotonics
* Advanced Electron Microscopy Imaging and Spectroscopy
# Hildoard

Hildoard or Hildo, was bishop of Cambrai from 790 to 816.
He was a liturgical reformer, closely tied to the court of Charlemagne. His sacramentary is the only surviving exact copy, made around 812, of the Sacramentarium Hadrianum, sent out by Pope Hadrian I to Charlemagne.
He restored Maubeuge Abbey.
# Broadlands Dam

The Broadlands Dam (also known as the Broadlands Hydropower Project by the developers) is a 35 MW run-of-the-river hydroelectric complex currently under construction in Kitulgala, Sri Lanka. The project is expected to be completed in 2020, and will consist of two dams, and a power station downstream.
With an estimated annual generation capacity of 126 GWh, the facility will be the country's last major hydroelectric project, due to the exhaustion of island-wide hydropower potential. Construction of the project was ceremonially inaugurated by the Minister of Power and Energy Mrs. Pavithra Wanniarachchi at the auspicious time of 11:01 on 17 July 2013.
Approximately 85% of the US$82 million project funding was met via credit arrangements made with the Chinese government, with the rest borne via a loan from the local Hatton National Bank. The construction contract of the project was granted to the China National Electric Equipment Corporation (CNEEC).

## Dams and reservoirs

The primary gravity dam measuring 24 m (79 ft) in height and 114 m (374 ft) in length is being constructed across the Maskeliya Oya at Kitulgala, and will supply water to the power station via a 3,404.7 m (11,170.3 ft) penstock measuring 5.4 m (17.7 ft) in diameter.
A secondary gravity weir, measuring 19 m (62 ft) and 48 m (157 ft) in height and length, is also to be built in the vicinity, over the nearby Kehelgamu Oya, to provide additional hydroelectric capacity. The weir, to be called the Kehelgamu Weir, will create a catchment area of 176 km$^2$ (68 sq mi), and will provide additional head to the penstock of the main dam via a 811 m (2,661 ft) tunnel.
The penstock from the main dam will feed a power station consisting of two 3-phase synchronous turbines, each of 17.5 MW and a rated discharge of 32 m$^3$ (1,130 cu ft) per second.
# Houts

Houts or van Houts is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ashley Houts (born 1987), American basketball player
* Marshall Houts (1919–1993), American academic, author, and attorney
* Rudi van Houts (born 1984), Dutch road cyclist and mountain biker
# 2002 Asian Athletics Championships – Men's pole vault

The men's pole vault event at the 2002 Asian Athletics Championships was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka on 11 August.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Result | Notes |
| | Daichi Sawano | Japan | 5.40 | |
| | Kim Se-In | South Korea | 5.40 | PB |
| | Grigoriy Yegorov | Kazakhstan | 5.20 | |
| 4 | Chen Lu-Sheng | Chinese Taipei | 5.00 | |
| 5 | Yang Mu-Huei | Chinese Taipei | 5.00 | |
| 6 | Saeed Abdulla Ghanim | Qatar | 4.80 | SB |
| 7 | Teh Weng Chang | Malaysia | 4.80 | |
| 8 | Ali Youssef Al-Shawareb | Kuwait | 4.40 | SB |
| 9 | A.I.R.P. Perera | Sri Lanka | 4.40 | PB |
| 10 | R.M.C.P. Laksiri | Sri Lanka | 4.20 | PB |
# Bukovina (disambiguation)

Bukovina is a geographical region in Romania and Ukraine.
Bukovina may also refer to:
* Bukovina District, a subdivision of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Austrian Empire from 1774 to 1849
* Duchy of Bukovina, a crown land of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary from 1849 to 1918
* Bukovina Governorate, a governorate of the Kingdom of Romania from 1941 to 1944
* Bukovina (Blansko District), a municipality and village in the Czech Republic
* Bukovina, Liptovský Mikuláš District, a municipality and village in Slovakia
* Bukovyna Stadium, a stadium in the Ukrainian part of Bukovina (Буковина, Bukovyna in Ukrainian)
* Bukovyna, Ukrainian newspaper in Bukovyna, in 1885–1918
* Bucovina Shepherd Dog, a livestock guardian dog from the Bukovina region.
# Büchelstein

The Büchelstein is a mountain, 832 m above sea level (NN) high, in the southern Bavarian Forest near the higher peak of the Brotjacklriegel.
Its forested slopes rise above the bowl of the Lallinger Winkel in the east and the village of Grattersdorf to the north. Just below the highest point is a lookout rock with a large summit cross and wide panoramas over parts of Lower Bavaria. In föhn conditions in autumn even the northern chain of the Alps may be seen from the Dachstein to the Zugspitze. In addition there is a starting point here for hang gliders, that take off in suitable right thermal conditions. Several very short paths lead to the Büchelstein from Grattersdorf, Kerschbaum or Langfurth and the E8 European long distance path passes close to the lookout rocks.
The Büchelstein may have given its name to the local dish known as Pichelsteiner Eintopf. On 17 June 1839, on the initiative of the Grafenau Landrichter, Jakob Strelin, the first Büchelstein Festival (Büchelsteiner Fest) was celebrated. It later moved to Grattersdorf.
# Block letters

Block letters (known as printscript, manuscript, print writing, printing or ball and stick in academics) are a sans-serif (or "gothic") style of writing Latin script in which the letters are individual glyphs, with no joining.
Elementary education in English-speaking countries typically introduces children to the literacy of handwriting using a method of block letters (commonly referred to as manuscript by educators), which may later advance to cursive (joined) penmanship. The policy of teaching cursive in American elementary schools has varied over time, from strict endorsement such as the Palmer method in the early 20th century, to removal by Common Core in 2010, to being reinstated.
On official forms, one is often asked to "please print". This is because cursive handwriting is harder to read, and the glyphs are joined so they do not fit neatly into separate boxes.
Block letters may also be used as to refer to block capitals, which means writing in all capital letters or in large and small capital letters, imitating the style of typeset capital letters. However, in at least one court case involving patents, the term "block letters" was found to include both upper and lower case.
Handwritten block letters generally can be digitalised more accurately by optical character recognition than handwritten cursive scripts. Block letters are naturally used in crossword puzzles.
# George Peters (aviator)

Lieutenant George Clifton Peters (6 May 1894 –?) was a World War I flying ace credited with seven aerial victories.
# International School of Aruba

The International School of Aruba (ISA) is a non-profit private school in Aruba. In 2006, it moved to a new campus with a more centralized location.
It was founded in 1929 and was owned by Lago Oil and Transport Co. Ltd. From 1986 on, the school was governed by the ISA community and parent body. ISA was acquired by International School Services (ISS) in 2004. In 2005, a new campus was constructed and ISA was relocated to the residential neighbourhood of Wayaca.
ISA has approximately 200 students from Montessori through grade 12, comprising over 18 nationalities; the largest group of nationalities come from the Netherlands/ Aruba, Venezuela, United States/ Canada, and India. The average class size is 15 students to 1 teacher.
ISA had 23 faculty members for the 2009-2010 school year. The staff are from 8 countries including US citizens, Canadians, Dutch/Arubans, South American and other island nationalities.

## History

The first English school in Aruba was opened in Seroe Colorado in September, 1929. It was owned and operated by Lago Oil and Transport Co. Ltd. to provide for the schooling of the expatriates' children. During the 1960s, the school also opened to dependents of island residents on a tuition basis. With the closing of Lago in 1985, the parents of the remaining students formed the International School of Aruba (ISA), a non-profit Foundation, to continue English language education on the island.
In March 2004, the Board of Directors passed the governance and ownership of ISA to International Schools Services (ISS), a not-for-profit organization of Princeton, New Jersey.
ISS promised to fund a new school building for ISA as part of the transfer agreement, and financed the construction of the new campus.
# Hex Sheets

Hex Sheets is a supplement for fantasy role-playing games published by Games Workshop in 1978.

## Contents

Hex Sheets is a pad of hexagonal mapping paper to aid the gamemaster in producing wilderness terrain for adventure. It is also intended for use with Advanced Dungeons & Dragons.

## Publication history

Hex Sheets was published by Games Workshop in 1978 as a 50-sheet pad.
Shannon Appelcline explained that by the late 1970s, Games Workshop "expanded its publishing arm beyond White Dwarf and reprints of American products. Among their first original products were a pad of character sheets (1978), a pad of hex sheets (1978), and the Dungeon Floor Plans (1979) gaming accessory, each of which carried the Dungeons & Dragons trademark; they were some of the few licensed D&D products ever authorized by TSR."$^{:139–140}$
Games Workshop later produced a set of Wilderness Hex Sheets in 1982, as a pad containing 50 A4 paper sheets printed with 6mm hexes.

## Reception

Doug Cowie reviewed Wilderness Hex Sheets for Imagine magazine, and stated that "They are well produced and, given the proven usefulness of these aids, they should be helpful to any referee. My only reservation is with the price. They are about 30% dearer than similar sheets available 'loose' (i.e. not in pads). The only substantial difference is the superior packaging of the Games Workshop product."