OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Iris hypothesis

The iris hypothesis was a hypothesis proposed by Richard Lindzen and colleagues in 2001 that suggested increased sea surface temperature in the tropics would result in reduced cirrus clouds and thus more infrared radiation leakage from Earth's atmosphere. His study of observed changes in cloud coverage and modeled effects on infrared radiation released to space as a result seemed to support the hypothesis. This suggested infrared radiation leakage was hypothesized to be a negative feedback in which an initial warming would result in an overall cooling of the surface.
The idea of the iris effect of cirrus clouds in trapping outgoing radiation was reasonable, but it ignored the larger compensating effect on the blocking of incoming sun's rays, and effects of changes in altitude of clouds.$^{:92}$ Moreover, a number of errors were found in the papers. For this reason, the iris effect no longer plays a role in the current scientific consensus on climate change.

## Scientific discussion

Scientists subsequently tested the hypothesis. Some concluded that there was no evidence supporting the hypothesis. Others found evidence suggesting that increased sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropics did indeed reduce cirrus clouds but found that the effect was nonetheless a positive climate feedback rather than the negative feedback that Lindzen had hypothesized.
A later 2007 study conducted by Roy Spencer et al. using updated satellite data potentially supported the iris hypothesis. In 2011, Lindzen published another paper on this topic. This work has been described as "gravely flawed and its results wrong on multiple fronts. Their choice of observational periods distorted the results and underscored the defective nature of their analysis."$^{:92}$
In his memoirs in 2023, Kevin E. Trenberth rebutted the Iris hypothesis in strong words:$^{:92}$
   "On the science front, Lindzen made great waves with a widely touted paper on possibilities that might nullify global warming (Lindzen et al. 2001) hyping an iris effect that would allow more longwave radiation escape to space as more widespread subsidence occurred as a consequence of stronger convection with increased heating. The idea of the iris effect was reasonable in of itself, but it focused only on the role of the areal extent of tropical cirrus on the outgoing infrared radiation, with no accounting for the huge and largely compensating effects on incoming solar radiation, or changes in altitude. In terms of SST (sea surface temperature) response, the solar effects are greater!"
In other words, Trenberth said that the concept itself was not necessarily wrong but very much incomplete. Furthermore, he pointed out that Lindzen's papers on this topic had substantial errors in them.
In 2015, a paper was published which again suggested the possibility of an "Iris Effect". It also proposed what it called a "plausible physical mechanism for an iris effect." In 2017, a paper was published which found that "tropical anvil cirrus clouds exert a negative climate feedback in strong association with precipitation efficiency".
# Botswana Bank Employees' Union

The Botswana Bank Employee's Union (BOBEU) is a trade union affiliate of the Botswana Federation of Trade Unions in Botswana.
# Bayt Qishn

Bayt Qishn is a village in eastern Yemen. It is located in the Hadhramaut Governorate.
# Huanuara District

Huanuara District is one of six districts of the Candarave Province in the Tacna Region in Peru.
# Cantatore

Cantatore is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Domenico Cantatore (1906–1998), Italian painter, mosaic artist, and illustrator
* Eugenio Cantatore, Italian electrical engineer
* Vicente Cantatore (1935–2021), Argentine football player and manager
# IBM i series

IBM i series may refer to:
* IBM ThinkPad i series — laptop line (1998–2002)
* IBM eServer iSeries — server line (2000-2004)
Also may refer to IBM i Operating system (2008-current).
# Blue tetra

Blue tetra is a common name for species of tetra including:
* Boehlkea fredcochui
* Knodus borki
* Mimagoniates microlepis
* Tyttocharax madeirae, species of fish
# 1953–54 Milwaukee Hawks season

The 1953–54 NBA season was the Hawks' eighth season of existence, their fifth season in the NBA, and their third season in Milwaukee.

## Regular season
### Season standings

| Western Divisionvte | W | L | PCT | GB | Home | Road | Neutral | Div |
| x-Minneapolis Lakers | 46 | 26 | .639 | – | 20–4 | 13–15 | 13–7 | 19–13 |
| x-Rochester Royals | 44 | 28 | .611 | 2 | 18–10 | 12–15 | 14–3 | 22–10 |
| x-Fort Wayne Pistons | 40 | 32 | .556 | 6 | 19–8 | 11–17 | 10–7 | 17–15 |
| Milwaukee Hawks | 21 | 51 | .292 | 25 | 11–14 | 5–17 | 6–20 | 6–26 |
    x – clinched playoff spot

### Record vs. opponents

1953-54 NBA Records :
| Team | BAL | BOS | FWP | MIL | MIN | NYK | PHI | ROC | SYR |
| Baltimore | — | 1–9 | 0–8 | 2–6 | 2–6 | 3–7 | 4–6 | 1–7 | 3–7 |
| Boston | 9–1 | — | 4–4 | 6–2 | 3–5 | 5–5 | 6–4 | 4–4 | 5–5 |
| Fort Wayne | 8–0 | 4–4 | — | 9–2 | 5–5 | 3–5 | 6–2 | 3–8 | 2–6 |
| Milwaukee | 6–2 | 2–6 | 2–9 | — | 3–8 | 3–5 | 3–5 | 1–9 | 1–7 |
| Minneapolis | 6–2 | 5–3 | 5–5 | 8–3 | — | 5–3 | 6–2 | 6–5 | 5–3 |
| New York | 7–3 | 5–5 | 5–3 | 5–3 | 3–5 | — | 7–3 | 7–1 | 5–5 |
| Philadelphia | 6–4 | 4–6 | 2–6 | 5–3 | 2–6 | 3–7 | — | 1–7 | 6–4 |
| Rochester | 7–1 | 4–4 | 8–3 | 9–1 | 5–6 | 1–7 | 7–1 | — | 3–5 |
| Syracuse | 7–3 | 5–5 | 6–2 | 7–1 | 3–5 | 5–5 | 4–6 | 5–3 | — |
# Irina Brown

Irina Brown (born Leningrad, Russia) is a theatre and opera director in the United Kingdom, where she has lived and worked for over thirty years. Brown was the artistic director of the Tron Theatre in Glasgow from 1996 to 2000, and Natural Perspective Theatre Company, London from 2006 to 2011. She is noted for directing the production of Further Than the Furthest Thing by Zinnie Harris for the Royal National Theatre, The Sound of Music for the West Yorkshire Playhouse, Racine's Britannicus at Wilton's Music Hall and The Importance of Being Earnest at Open Air Theatre, Regents Park as well as Bird of Night by Dominique Le Gendre at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden and War and Peace for the Scottish Opera/ RSAMD. Brown was the Granada Artist-in-Residence at the University of California, Davis in 2004 and 2008.

## Selected Directing Credits

* Mate in Three by an acclaimed Italian playwright Vittorio Franceschi
* The Tempest Dream after William Shakespeare
* Speedrun by Isabel Wright (a world premiere)
* The Cosmonaut's Last Message to the Woman He Once Loved in the Former Soviet Union by David Greig
* The Misunderstanding at the Gate Theatre as part of the Consummate Classics Season; the production was the winner of the Time Out magazine /-01 for London Award 1990
* Marina Tsvetaeva. Poet. Outcast. Actors included Fiona Shaw. Theatre: Royal National Theatre, Cottesloe stage
* The Doll's House' at the Birmingham Rep Theatre
* Blood Libel (the world premiere) by Arnold Wesker, premiered at the Norwich Playhouse
* Romeo and Juliet (Contact Theatre)
* A Midsummer Night's Dream the 1996 inaugural production for the Southern Shakespeare Festival, Florida, produced my Michael J. Trout
* Our Country's Good (Tabakov Theatre, Moscow).
# Broomfield School

Broomfield School may refer to:
* Broomfield School, London
* Broomfield School, New Zealand
* Broomfield School, North Yorkshire
# Gurpreet Singh (kabaddi)

Gurpreet Singh born 29 October 1979 is representative for India in the sport of Kabaddi. He was a member of the kabaddi team that won a gold medal in the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon.
# Hymenaea torrei

Hymenaea torrei is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Brooke Shaden

Brooke Shaden (born March 1987) is an American fine art photographer.

## Biography

Shaden was raised in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and graduated from Temple University with bachelor's degrees in Film and English.
She began her photography career in Los Angeles, CA creating self-portraits. Shaden is the co-host of The Framed Network's series "The Concept" (a series of shows on YouTube) with fashion photographer Lindsay Adler.

## Publications

* Inspiration in Photography: Training your mind to make great art a habit. Focal, 2013.

## Exhibitions
### Solo exhibitions

* Garrett Museum Of Art, Garrett IN, 2022
* Samsara: The Artwork Of Brooke Shaden, Foothills Art Center, Golden, CO, 2022

### Group exhibitions

* Digital Darkroom, The Annenberg Space for Photography. With the work of 17 artists.
# I (Kiss song)

"I" is a song by the American rock band Kiss from their 1981 studio album Music from “The Elder”. It was the album's second single.

## Background and writing

It is the 11th and last track on the Kiss 1981 studio album Music from “The Elder”.
The song was written by Bob Ezrin and Gene Simmons and produced by Bob Ezrin.

## Personnel

* Paul Stanley – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* Gene Simmons – lead vocals, bass guitar
* Ace Frehley - lead guitar, backing vocals
* Eric Carr – percussion, backing vocals
* Bob Ezrin - percussion
* Allan Schwartzberg – drums

## Reception

Brett Weiss's Encyclopedia of Kiss characterizes the song as "celebratory, fist-pumping, foot-stomping".

## Commercial performance

The song reached No. 62 in Germany and No. 48 in the Netherlands.
Kiss has a "forgotten" music video of this song on YouTube.

## Charts

| Chart (1981–1982) | Peak position |
| Australian Singles (Kent Music Report) | 44 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 48 |
| West Germany (Official German Charts) | 62 |
# Hemipholiota populnea

Hemipholiota populnea is a mushroom-forming fungus commonly known as destructive Pholiota, although separate from the genus Pholiota. It is saprobic and fruits on the wood of hardwood logs, especially cottonwood.
# 1950–51 Sussex County Football League

The 1950–51 Sussex County Football League season was the 26th in the history of the competition.

## League table

The league featured 14 clubs which competed in the last season, no new clubs joined the league this season.

### League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Haywards Heath | 26 | 19 | 4 | 3 | 75 | 25 | 3.000 | 42 | |
| 2 | Chichester City | 26 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 65 | 26 | 2.500 | 40 | |
| 3 | Horsham | 26 | 16 | 4 | 6 | 83 | 38 | 2.184 | 36 | Joined Metropolitan League |
| 4 | Newhaven | 26 | 15 | 5 | 6 | 83 | 58 | 1.431 | 35 | |
| 5 | Arundel | 26 | 13 | 7 | 6 | 48 | 35 | 1.371 | 33 | |
| 6 | East Grinstead | 26 | 13 | 2 | 11 | 60 | 74 | 0.811 | 28 | |
| 7 | Shoreham | 26 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 60 | 60 | 1.000 | 26 | |
| 8 | Lancing Athletic | 26 | 11 | 2 | 13 | 49 | 54 | 0.907 | 24 | |
| 9 | Eastbourne Comrades | 26 | 9 | 5 | 12 | 48 | 51 | 0.941 | 23 | |
| 10 | Southwick | 26 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 50 | 52 | 0.962 | 21 | |
| 11 | Bexhill Town Athletic | 26 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 29 | 47 | 0.617 | 21 | |
| 12 | Bognor Regis Town | 26 | 8 | 2 | 16 | 50 | 73 | 0.685 | 18 | |
| 13 | Lewes | 26 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 38 | 89 | 0.427 | 9 | |
| 14 | Littlehampton Town | 26 | 3 | 2 | 21 | 25 | 81 | 0.309 | 8 | |
# Irbisia

Irbisia is a genus of plant bugs in the family Miridae. There are more than 20 described species in Irbisia. These black insects are 5–8 mm in length. They are also called black grass bugs as they are common in spring grasses.

## Species

These 25 species belong to the genus Irbisia:
* Irbisia bliveni Schwartz, 1984
* Irbisia brachycera (Uhler, 1872)
* Irbisia californica Van Duzee, 1921
* Irbisia cascadia Schwartz, 1984
* Irbisia castanipes Van Duzee, 1921
* Irbisia cuneomaculata Blatchley, 1934
* Irbisia elongata Knight, 1941
* Irbisia fuscipubescens Knight, 1941
* Irbisia incomperta Bliven, 1963
* Irbisia knighti Schwartz & Lattin, 1984
* Irbisia limata Bliven, 1963
* Irbisia mollipes Van Duzee, 1917
* Irbisia morio (Reuter, 1909)
* Irbisia nigripes Knight, 1925
* Irbisia oreas Bliven, 1963
* Irbisia pacifica (Uhler, 1872) (Pacific grass bug)
* Irbisia panda Bliven, 1963
* Irbisia sericans (Stal, 1858)
* Irbisia serrata Bliven, 1963
* Irbisia setosa Van Duzee, 1921
* Irbisia shulli Knight, 1941
* Irbisia silvosa Bliven, 1961
* Irbisia sita Van Duzee, 1921
* Irbisia solana Heidemann
* Irbisia solani (Heidemann, 1910)
# 2016–17 Málaga CF season

The 2016–17 season is the 85th season in Málaga CF's history and it's 36th in La Liga.

## Squad

    As of 23 August 2016
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | CMR | Carlos Kameni (2nd captain) |
| 2 | DF | BFA | Bakary Koné |
| 3 | DF | BRA | Weligton |
| 4 | DF | VEN | Mikel Villanueva |
| 5 | DF | ESP | Diego Llorente (on loan from Real Madrid) |
| 6 | MF | ESP | Ignacio Camacho (3rd captain) |
| 7 | MF | ESP | Juan Carlos (on loan from Braga) |
| 8 | FW | URU | Michael Santos |
| 9 | FW | BRA | Charles |
| 10 | MF | VEN | Juanpi |
| 11 | MF | URU | Chory Castro |
| 13 | GK | UKR | Denys Boyko (on loan from Beşiktaş) |
| 14 | MF | ESP | Recio |
| 15 | DF | URU | Federico Ricca |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 16 | MF | VEN | Adalberto Peñaranda (on loan from Watford) |
| 17 | MF | POR | Duda (Captain) |
| 18 | DF | VEN | Roberto Rosales |
| 19 | FW | ESP | Sandro |
| 20 | MF | ESP | Keko |
| 21 | MF | ESP | Jony |
| 22 | MF | SRB | Zdravko Kuzmanović (on loan from Basel) |
| 23 | DF | ESP | Miguel Torres |
| 26 | FW | MAR | Youssef En-Nesyri |
| 27 | GK | ESP | Aarón Escandell |
| 29 | DF | ESP | Luis Muñoz |
| 31 | MF | ESP | Pablo Fornals |
| 39 | MF | ESP | Javi Ontiveros |

## Competitions
### Overall

| Competition | Started round | Current position / round | Final position / round | First match | Last match |
| La Liga | Matchday 1 | 11th | 11th | 19 August 2016 | 21 May 2017 |
| Copa del Rey | Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 32 | 30 November 2016 | 20 December 2016 |
Updated to match played 20 August 2017 Source: Competitions

### Overview

| Competition | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| La Liga | 38 | 12 | 10 | 16 | 49 | 55 | −6 | 031.58 |
| Copa del Rey | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 6 | −3 | 000.00 |
| Total | 40 | 12 | 10 | 18 | 52 | 61 | −9 | 030.00 |
Last updated: 20 August 2017 Source: Competitions

### La liga
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| 9 | Alavés | 38 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 41 | 43 | −2 | 55 |
| 10 | Eibar | 38 | 15 | 9 | 14 | 56 | 51 | +5 | 54 |
| 11 | Málaga | 38 | 12 | 10 | 16 | 49 | 55 | −6 | 46 |
| 12 | Valencia | 38 | 13 | 7 | 18 | 56 | 65 | −9 | 46 |
| 13 | Celta Vigo | 38 | 13 | 6 | 19 | 53 | 69 | −16 | 45 |
* 1 2 Málaga ahead of Valencia on head-to-head points: Valencia–Málaga 2–2, Málaga–Valencia 2–0

#### Results summary

| Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away |
Last updated: 21 May 2017. Source: Competitive matches
# 2003–04 Bonaire League season

The 2003/04 season of the Bonearian football League played in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles started on September 7, 2003 and the final was played on June 25, 2004.
The championship was played over 3 phases. First phase with all 7 teams, followed by a playoff with the top 4 teams and then a final with the 2 top teams. For the first times Real Rincon and Vespo were allowed to play each team once at home in the Antonio Trenidat Stadium. All remaining matches were played at Stadion Playa at Kralendijk. Defending champions Real Rincon successfully defended their titles by defeating SV Estrellas in the final 1-0.

## Regular season

Teams face each other 2 times. Top four teams qualify for the semifinal playoffs
| | ATC | EST | JUV | RR | URU | VES | VIT |
| ATC | | 0-3 | 0-1 | 1-2 | 1-0 | 2-1 | 1-0 |
| Estrellas | 2-3 | | 1-1 | 1-1 | 2-2 | 2-1 | 4-1 |
| Juventus | 0-4 | 0-2 | | 0-1 | 2-6 | 4-2 | 0-1 |
| Real Rincon | 5-1 | 2-1 | 4-2 | | 2-2 | 1-2 | 4-0 |
| Uruguay | 2-0 | 2-1 | 7-0 | 1-1 | | 4-2 | 2-0 |
| Vespo | 1-3 | 1-4 | 6-2 | 0-3 | 1-2 | | 0-0 |
| Vitesse | 0-1 | 0-3 | 2-1 | 1-2 | 1-1 | 3-3 | |

## Standing

| pos | Team | GP | W | D | L | PNT | GF | GA | GD |
| 1 | Real Rincon | 12 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 27 | 28 | 12 | 16 |
| 2 | Uruguay | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 25 | 31 | 13 | 18 |
| 3 | ATC | 12 | 7 | 1 | 4 | 22 | 17 | 14 | 3 |
| 4 | Estrellas | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 19 | 23 | 14 | 9 |
| 5 | Vitesse | 12 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 22 | -13 |
| 6 | Vespo | 12 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 20 | 30 | -10 |
| 7 | Juventus | 12 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 36 | -23 |

## Playoffs

Teams face each other 2 times. Top two teams qualify for the final.
| | ATC | EST | RR | URU |
| ATC | | 3-1 | 0-2 | 1-1 |
| Estrellas | 1-0 | | 3-3 | |
| Real Rincon | 1-2 | 1-2 | | 5-0 |
| Uruguay | 2-2 | 2-4 | 1-2 | |

## Standing

| pos | Team | GP | W | D | L | PNT | GF | GA | GD |
| 1 | Estrellas | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 2 |
| 2 | Real Rincon | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 14 | 8 | 1 |
| 3 | ATC | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 0 |
| 4 | Uruguay | 5 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 14 | -8 |

## Final

1st leg
2nd leg
# Hyloxalus infraguttatus

Hyloxalus infraguttatus, also known as the Chimbo rocket frog, is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on the Pacific slopes of the Andes in Ecuador, and, based on the Amphibian Species of the World and the Checklist of Colombian Amphibians, also in Nariño, southern Colombia (Colombian Massif). Based on the proximity of the southern limit of its known distribution to the Peruvian border, it is likely that it occurs in northern Peru too.

## Description

Males measure 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in) and females 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum colouration varies from greenish to pale and dark brown, spotted with dark brown. They have an oblique lateral stripe that extends to the eye. There are white spots on the throat and abdomen. The male's testicles are white in color.

## Reproduction

The frog reproduces at the end of the rainy season. Both adult males and females are territorial. The male frog calls to the female frogs. The female frog lays eggs on leaf litter and under rocks. After the eggs hatch, the male frog carries the tadpoles on his back to water. The males only care for one clutch at a time.

## Habitat and conservation

Hyloxalus infraguttatus occurs in humid premontane forests, tropical thickets and thorny scrubs, and very dry tropical forests near streams, water channels, road ditches, and pools at elevations of 70–1,500 m (230–4,920 ft) asl. It is a locally common species but its abundance has been declining. The IUCN classifies this frog as vulnerable to extinction because of habitat loss caused by agriculture, tree plantations, logging, and livestock grazing. Introduced goats also make considerable changes to the landscape.
# Hua-Hua Chang

Hua-Hua Chang is a Chinese psychometrician.

## Biography

After earning a diploma in mathematics at East China Normal University in 1980, Chang moved to the United States to pursue masters and doctoral studies in statistics at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. His 1992 doctoral dissertation, Some Theoretical and Applied Results Concerning Item Response Theory Model Estimation, was advised by William Fleming Stout. Chang then worked as research scientist for the Educational Testing Service between 1992 and 1999. Between 1997 and 1998, he was an associate professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. From 1999 to 2001, Chang was affiliated with the National Board of Medical Examiners, then returned to academia, joining the University of Texas at Austin faculty. In 2005, Chang returned to UIUC, as a professor of educational psychology and within the Center for East Asian and Pacific Studies until 2018. That year, Chang was appointed Charles R. Hicks Chair Professor at the Purdue University College of Education, as well as a courtesy professor of statistics.
Chang succeeded Mark L. Davison as chief editor of the academic journal Applied Psychological Measurement. The first issue of Chang's editorial tenure was published in November 2012. From 2012 to 2013, Chang was president of the Psychometric Society.
Chang was elected to fellowship of the American Educational Research Association in 2010, and was awarded the AERA's E. F. Lindquist Award in 2017. The American Statistical Association elected Chang to fellowship in 2019. Chang received the 2021 Award for Career Contributions from the National Council on Measurement in Education.
# Hemiphora elderi

Hemiphora elderi, commonly known as red velvet, is a flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a small shrub with its leaves densely covered with white, woolly hairs and with small clusters of reddish-purple, bell-shaped flowers.

## Description

Hemiphora elderi is shrub which grows to a height of about 0.3–0.45 m (10–20 in) with several branches arising from a single main stem. The leaves are pale green, linear to lance-shaped, but often appear almost cylindrical because their edges are strongly turned under. The leaves are 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long, 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide, densely covered with white, woolly hairs, warty on the upper surface and with the lower surface often obscured by the rolled leaf edges.
The flowers are arranged in short, leafy, spike-like clusters near the ends of the branches, on short woolly stalks. The flowers are surrounded by woolly, leaf-like bracts 7–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and bracteoles 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long, glabrous on the upper surface and densely woolly underneath. The five sepals are 8–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long, densely covered with reddish-purple, woolly hairs on their outer surface, mostly glabrous inside and joined to form a short tube near their bases. The petals are 15–22 mm (0.6–0.9 in) long and joined for most of their length to form a tube which is reddish-purple coloured or occasionally yellow. The petal tube is hairy outside, mostly glabrous inside except for a hairy ring near the ovary. The five petal lobes are joined to form two "lips", the upper lip with two lobes and longer than the lower one which has three lobes. The upper lip is 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. There are four stamens but the lower two are sterile and do not extend beyond the end of the petal tube. The upper fertile pair extend beyond the end of the petal tube. Flowering occurs from July to November and the fruit is almost spherical, hairy and about 3 mm (0.1 in) in diameter.

## Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1876 by Ferdinand von Mueller and given the name Chloanthes elderi. The description was published in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae. In 1882 Mueller changed the name to Hemiphora elderi. This species was the only one in the genus Hemiphora until 2011, when Barry Conn, Murray Henwood and Nicola Streiber transferred four species, previously in the genus Pityrodia into Hemiphora. The specific epithet (elderi) honours the philanthropist and pastoralist, Sir Thomas Elder.

## Distribution and habitat

Hemiphora elderi is found between Sandstone and Menzies in the north to the Parker Range and upper reaches of the Blackwood River in the south and from Victoria Springs in the east to Cunderdin and Lake Moore in the west. It occurs in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Great Victoria Desert, Mallee, Murchison and Yalgoo biogeographic regions where it grows in sand and gravelly sand on undulating plains.

## Conservation

Hemiphora elderi is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
# Gerald Quentin Maguire

Gerald Quentin Maguire Jr from the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Kista, Stockholm, Sweden was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 for contributions to mobile networks and cognitive radio systems. Also in 2013, he was elected a member of the Academia Europaea.
# Higino (given name)

Higino is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Higino A. Acala Sr. (1925–1968), Filipino lawyer and civil servant
* Higino Carneiro (born 1962), Angolan politician