OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1540 in art

Events from the year 1540 in art.

## Works

* Ardabil Carpets
* Francesco de' Rossi – Rodolfo Pio da Carpi (approximate date)
* Hans Holbein the Younger
** Portrait of Henry VIII (Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, approximate date)
** Miniature Portrait of Catherine Howard
* Michelangelo – Brutus (carved bust, approximate date)
* 'Südindischer Meister' – Group of Women
* Titian - Portrait of Benedetto Varchi (c.)
* Qiu Ying – The Imperial examinations

## Births

* December 21 - Thomas Schweicker, disabled German painter and calligrapher (died 1602)
* date unknown
** Robert Adams, English architect, engraver and surveyor of buildings to Queen Elizabeth (died 1595)
** Giovanni Anastasi, Italian painter (died 1587)
** Andrea Andreani, Italian wood engraver and early exponent of chiaroscuro (died 1623)
** Giovanni Maria Butteri, Italian fresco painter (died 1606)
** Denis Calvaert, Flemish painter (died 1619)
** Cristoforo Coriolano, German engraver of the Renaissance (died unknown)
** Cristóbal de Acevedo, Spanish painter, active mainly during the Renaissance period (died unknown)
** Annibale Fontana, Italian sculptor and medallist (died 1587)
** Hieronymus Francken I, Flemish painter (died 1610)
** Pieter Pietersz the Elder, Dutch painter (died 1603)
** Friedrich Sustris, Italian-born Dutch painter working in Bavaria (died 1599)
* probable
** Étienne Dumonstier, French Renaissance portrait painter (died 1603)
** George Gower, English portrait painter who became sergeant-painter to Queen Elizabeth I (died 1596)

## Deaths

* April 15 - Marguerite Scheppers, painter
* August 24 - Parmigianino, Italian Mannerist painter and printmaker (born 1503)
* November 15 - Rosso Fiorentino, Italian Mannerist painter, in oil and fresco (born 1494)
* date unknown
** Jorge Afonso, Portuguese Renaissance painter (born 1470)
** Barthel Beham, German engraver, miniaturist and painter (born 1502)
** Vincenzo degli Azani, Italian painter (date of birth unknown)
** Gregor Erhart, German sculptor, son of Michel Erhart (born 1470)
** Damià Forment, Spanish sculptor (born 1480)
** Giulio Raibolini, Italian painter (born 1487)
* probable
** Hans Leonhard Schäufelein, German painter, designer, and wood engraver (born 1480)
** Agostino Veneziano, Italian engraver (born 1490)
** Cristóvão de Figueiredo, Portuguese Renaissance painter (date of birth unknown)
** Joos van Cleve, Netherlandish painter (born 1480/1490)
** Hans Springinklee, German wood-engraver (born 1490)
** 1540/1547: Nicola da Urbino - Italian maiolica and ceramicist (born 1480)
# 1976 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship

The 1976 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship was an international basketball competition held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain in 1976.

## Final standings

| Rank | Team |
| | Yugoslavia |
| | Soviet Union |
| | Spain |
| 4th | Bulgaria |
| 5th | Italy |
| 6th | Poland |
| 7th | Greece |
| 8th | Israel |
| 9th | Turkey |
| 10th | Belgium |
| 11th | West Germany |
| 12th | Sweden |
| 13th | Finland |
* 1976 European Championship for Juniors
* Yugoslavia Third title

### Team roster

Mile Stanković, Aleksandar Petrović, Pero Vučica, Predrag Bogosavljev, Damir Pavličević, Stevo Vukasović, Branko Sikirić, Željko Pribanović, Mladen Ostojić, Čedo Brborić, Miodrag Marić, and Rade Vukosavljević.
Head coach: Luka Stančić.
# Bibliotheca selecta

Bibliotheca selecta (full title Bibliotheca selecta de ratione studiorum in Historia, In Disciplinis, in salute omnium procuranda) is a bibliographical encyclopedia by the Jesuit Antonio Possevino, printed in two folio volumes at the Typographia Apostolica Vaticana by Domenico Basa in 1593. It represents an authoritative and up-to-date Jesuit compendium of Counter-Reformation knowledge.

## Part I

Part I (Books 1–11) is dedicated to Pope Clement VIII with the imprimatur of Jesuit general Claudio Acquaviva. It begins with an introduction that traces the Idea et causae operis (Idea and the cause of work) to the 1560s in France when as a Jesuit superior Possevino started fighting the anti-heretical battle of the books. From Lyons and Avignon he had seen the challenge to the orthodoxy of Rome and the Council of Trent represented by Konrad Gesner's Bibliotheca universalis, the ground-breaking encyclopedia expressing the Erasmian culture of Swiss and German Reformers, a work immediately banned by church censors. To begin, Possevino discourses on the principles of Jesuit humanist pedagogy enunciated in the Ratio studiorum in a preliminary section, Cultura ingeniorum. This part, as several others, went through several separate editions and an Italian translation by Possevino. Among these was an edition dedicated to the Russian False Dmitriy I. The theological presentation of the several books outlines a comprehensive bibliography on theology, scholastic, catechetical and controversial, and incorporates works by such contemporary Jesuit missionaries as Alessandro Valignano and Edmund Campion.

## Part II

Part II is dedicated to king Sigismund III Vasa of Poland, one of the contemporary rulers under Possevino's Counter Reformation tutelage. From Books 12 through 18 he summarizes the literature and bibliography for law {12}, philosophy {13} and medicine (14). Possevino is creating an authorized bibliography of the traditional arts and sciences elaborating the humanistic educational precepts of the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum. The liberal arts are dealt with in the final books on architecture and geography {15}, history {16} poetry & painting {17} and rhetoric {18}. The major thrust of Possevino's orthodox compendium is the creation of a bibliography of the humanist culture of the Late Renaissance that is both confidently encyclopedic and outspokenly anti-heretical. The criterion of orthodoxy is underscored in his previous Iudicium de Nuae, Iohannis Bodini, Philippe-Mornaei et Machiavelli scriptis, 1592, which placed the works of leading writers such as Niccolò Machiavelli and Jean Bodin on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum. In addition to two revised folio editions of the Bibliotheca selecta printed in Venice, 1603 and Cologne, 1607, several books were reprinted in separate editions, notably Book 16, as Apparatus ad omnium gentium historiam, a thorough bibliography of the ancient and contemporary literature of world history reworking, expurgating and updating Bodin's Methodus ad facilem historiarum cognitionem(1566). Book 18 was published separately as a rhetorical treatise, Cicero collatus cum Etnicis et sacris scriptoribus.
# Bdellophaga

Bdellophaga is a monotypic genus of gylippid camel spiders, first described by Robert Wharton in 1981. Its single species, Bdellophaga angulata is distributed in Namibia.
# Bob Cone

Robert Earl Cone (February 27, 1894 – May 24, 1955) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher and one of the early urologists in Texas.

## Biography

Cone was born in Galveston, Texas, where he attended Ball High School. He played baseball at the University of Texas at Austin from 1912 to 1915. He played for the Philadelphia Athletics during the 1915 season.
After his baseball career, Cone attended medical school, graduating from the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) in 1919. He became a urologist affiliated with the same institution, establishing urology as a distinct surgical specialty at UTMB and remaining the urology chief until his death. The Texas Urological Society was formed at Cone's home in Galveston.
Cone married Mallie Parten in 1926. The couple had two children. Cone died in 1955.
# Belote (disambiguation)

Belote may refer to:

## Card games

* Belote, a card game popular in France

## People

* Frank Belote, an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics
* Melissa Belote, an American swimmer and gold medalist form the 1972 Olympics
# False breeching

False breeching can refer to:
* False breeching on the shafts of an animal-drawn vehicle; see Breeching (tack)
* False breeching on a firearm or other weapon; see Firearm
# Arboga Airfield

Arboga Airfield (ICAO: ESQO) serves the city of Arboga in Västmanland County, Sweden. It is a former Swedish Airforce backup base located outside of Arboga used by the Test Unit of SWAF for tests of airborne missiles. Today, the airfield is solely used by the local flying club.

## Facilities

The field resides at an elevation of 33 feet (10 m) above mean sea level. It has a 2,000-by-40-metre (6,562 ft × 131 ft) asphalt paved runway (15/33) with a parallel taxiway. Currently, only 700 metres (2,300 ft) is used, because of a road over the runways southern end where former Air Force revetments can be seen.
# Gliese 849

Gliese 849, or GJ 849, is a small, solitary star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It has a reddish hue and is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 10.41. The distance to this star is 28.8 light-years (8.8 parsecs) based on parallax, but it is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −15.3 km/s. It has a pair of confirmed gas giant companions.
The stellar classification of GJ 849 is M3.5V, which means this is a small red dwarf star generating energy through hydrogen fusion at its core region. Various studies have found super-solar abundances in the spectra, indicating that the elemental abundances of higher mass elements is significantly higher than in the Sun. The star has about half the mass and size of the Sun, and is spinning slowly with a rotation period of approximately 39 days. The estimated age of the star is more than three billion years. It is radiating a mere 2.9% of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,490 K.

## Planetary system

In late 2006, a long-period Jupiter-like exoplanet was reported to be orbiting the red dwarf in a period just over 5 years in length. There was also a linear trend in the radial velocities which suggested another longer period companion. The trend in the radial velocities was confirmed in 2013. An orbit for the second exoplanet was finally determined in 2015. The first planet discovered, Gliese 849 b, was the first planet discovered orbiting a red dwarf with a semi-major axis greater than 0.21 AU.
The Gliese 849 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b | ≥0.893+0.094 −0.097 M$_J$ | 2.32+0.11 −0.13 | 1925.31±6.5 | 0.029±0.019 | — | — |
| c | ≥0.99±0.11 M$_J$ | 4.95+0.25 −0.28 | 5990+110 −100 | 0.092+0.038 −0.036 | — | — |
# Beacon View, Nebraska

Beacon View is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sarpy County, Nebraska, United States. It is in the southwest part of the county, on the east bank of the Platte River. It is bordered to the south, across U.S. Route 6 (US 6), by the CDP of Linoma Beach. US 6 leads northeast 7 miles (11 km) to Gretna and southwest 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to Nebraska. Omaha is 28 miles (45 km) to the northeast.
The community was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.
# Henry Harriman

Henry Harriman may refer to:
* Henry Harriman (Mormon) (1804–1891), one of the First Seven Presidents of the Seventy of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
* Henry I. Harriman (1873–1950), president of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce
# Heterobathmia diffusa

Heterobathmia diffusa is a moth of the family Heterobathmiidae. It was first described by Niels Peder Kristensen and Ebbe Nielsen in 1979. It is found in Argentina.
# 1990 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship final

The 1990 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played at Croke Park on 17 March 1990 to determine the winners of the 1989–90 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, the 20th season of the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship, a tournament organized by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion clubs of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Ballyhale Shamrocks of Kilkenny and Ballybrown of Limerick, with Ballyhale Shamrocks winning by 1-16 to 0-16.
The All-Ireland final was a unique occasion as it was the first ever championship meeting between Ballyhale Shamrocks and Ballybrown. It remains their only championship meeting at this level. Ballyhale Shamrocks were hoping to make history by winning a record-equaling third All-Ireland title, while Ballybrown were hoping to win their first All-Ireland title.
Ballybrown got off to a great start and led by six points. A Ger Fennelly goal in the 24th minute reduced the Ballyhale deficit, however, Ballybrown were still four to the good at the interval. A second-half surge saw Ballyhale claw their way back, however, it was Fennelly's goal that proved the difference in the end.
Ballyhale's victory secured their third All-Ireland title. They joined Blackrock as outright leaders on the all-time roll of honour.

## Match
### Details

| Ballyhale Shamrocks | Ballybrown |
# HMNZS Aroha

HMNZS Aroha was one of eight steel New Zealand-built Castle-class ships built and commissioned by the Royal New Zealand Navy during World War II. She was the first steel Castle-class trawler launched for the Royal New Zealand Navy.

## Background

The vessel was ordered after the New Zealand government, facing a requirement for more minesweepers to operate in home waters, chose the Castle-class design because it was simple enough to be built with the country's limited ship construction facilities at the time.

## Operational history

Aroha was the first of nine steel minesweepers constructed for the Royal New Zealand Navy and was commissioned on 17 November 1943. the others being Awatere, Hautapu, Maimai, Pahau, Waiho, Waima, Waipu, and Waikato (never commissioned). She served with the 97th Auxiliary Minesweeping Group, located at Auckland. Aroha ran aground twice during her career, first on 28 August 1943 off North Head and then three days later near the entrance to Whangārei Harbour, damaging her rudder and stern post. Repairs took two months.
In October 1944, Aroha towed the badly damaged Flower-class corvette Arbutus from Fiji to Auckland after she suffered damage to her rudder, propeller, and hull. In 1945, Aroha was offered on loan to the British Pacific Fleet, along with Waipu, Arabis, Kiwi, and Tui. Only Aroha was required, and she sailed from Wellington to Sydney, serving there for six weeks. After the six weeks ended, she sailed to Auckland to be paid off.
In 1946, along with Waiho and Waima, Aroha was sold to Red Funnel Trawlers, and began fishing the same year. She was laid up in 1958 and sold for scrap in 1963.
# Faculty of Occupational Medicine

Faculty of Occupational Medicine may refer to:
* Faculty of Occupational Medicine (Ireland), a division of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
* Faculty of Occupational Medicine (United Kingdom)
# Arbobreen

Arbobreen is a glacier in Dickson Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is named after Norwegian botanist Ove Arbo Høeg. The glacier is situated north of the mountain of Lagfjellet, and has a length of about 3.5 kilometers. The ridge of Snøplogen separates Arbobreen from Hodsbreen.
# Beacon Villages

Beacon Villages may refer to:
* A group of villages near Cosdon Beacon, Dartmoor, England:
** Belstone
** South Tawton
** South Zeal
** Sticklepath
* A group of villages near Ivinghoe Beacon, Chiltern Hills, England:
** Cheddington
** Ivinghoe
** Marsworth
** Pitstone
# Hans Booys

Hans Gabriel Booys (4 December 1951 in Rehoboth, Hardap Region – 19 July 2021) was a Namibian politician. A member of SWAPO, Booys was selected to the National Assembly to replace Nathaniel Maxuilili after he died in a vehicle accident. Shortly after, he was elected in his own right in the 1999 election. He was once again re-elected in the 2004 election.
In 2005 President Hifikepunye Pohamba appointed him to serve on the Security Commission – the constitutional body, which makes recommendations to the President on top army and police appointments and other security matters. He was SWAPO's Deputy Chief Whip in the National Assembly.

## Career

Booys joined SWAPO in 1974. From 1982 to 1990, he was a literacy instructor for the Namibia Literacy Project. In 1990, he became a regional commissioner at Khorixas, Kunene Region. From 1991 to 2002, Booys was a member of the SWAPO Central Committee.

## Personal life

He lived in Okahandja.
Booys died from COVID-19 in 2021 aged 71.
# 1780 Java earthquake

An earthquake affected the island of Java, Indonesia on 22 January 1780. The source and magnitude of the earthquake remains debated among seismologists. Proposed origins of the earthquake include shallow inland back-arc thrusting along a fault located within the upper crust on the island or rupture of the subduction zone off the southern coast of Java. The magnitude of the earthquake is estimated to be at least 8.5, while other sources usually refer to it with a range of M$_w$  8.0 to 8.5 for the megathrust earthquake. For the shallow crustal earthquake source, the magnitude range is M$_w$  7.0 to 8.0.

## Tectonic setting

The Java subduction zone has not had any large-magnitude earthquakes in the past 100 to 200 years except for an M8.0–8.5 Java Trench earthquake in 1780, which was the largest historical earthquake in the Java Trench. Recent large earthquakes in other subduction zones have cast doubt on the notion that long-term fault behavior can be inferred by as little as one century of historical earthquake records. The total convergence rate across the Java Trench is about 6 to 7 cm a year, higher than most other major subduction zones in the region.

## Earthquake

The earthquake occurred in the Sunda Strait segment of the Java Trench. The magnitude of the earthquake was estimated at M$_w$  8.5, although some experts provided a range of M$_w$  8.0–8.5.
However, seismologists also attribute the earthquake to shallow crustal faulting associated with a back-arc thrust fault running along the island. The Barbiris Fault which runs east–west south of Batavia (present-day Jakarta) may have been the source of the earthquake, with a magnitude of 7.0 to 8.0. Another M$_w$  7.0–7.7 earthquake occurred in 1834 along the fault. These conclusions came after running simulations of earthquake shaking based on damage and ground shaking reports from historical documents.

## Damage

The earthquake toppled buildings in Bogor, Banten and Batavia. Damage in Batavia was assigned VIII (Severe) on the Modified Mercalli intensity scale. Twenty-seven warehouses collapsed in the city due to the shaking. No information about the casualties due to limited historical records. An observatory in the city 24 meters high which was built in 1765 was badly damaged and abandoned after the earthquake. The earthquake may have triggered an increase in volcanic activity at Mount Salak and Pangrango.

## Future hazard

The Sunda Strait segment has the potential to trigger a large earthquake with a magnitude of 8.7 or higher. Prolonged inactivity in this section and the lack of historical record that might indicate any major subduction-type earthquakes signals the potential of a megathrust event in the Sunda Strait that can affect southern West Java and Sumatra. If the Sunda Strait, Enggano, and West-Central Java megathrust segments rupture at the same time, the magnitude can exceed 9.0. The Sunda Strait segment has a high risk of tsunami probability; seismic activity on this segment can cause a major tsunami.
# Glancey

Glancey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jonathan Glancey, British architectural critic and writer
* Paul Glancey, British video game producer and journalist
# Ben Patston

Ben Patston (born (1985-06-18) 18 June 1985 (age 39) in Norwich) is an English Rugby Union player, currently playing for New Zealand side Dunedin in the Dunedin Championship. His position of choice is fly-half, however, he has been seen to play at full-back as well.

## Career

He joined Bedford from Northampton Saints in the summer of 2006 as part of the ongoing link between the two clubs. He signed a contract and immediately shone along with Ross Broadfoot, another new signing. He progressed throughout his first season at the club, and scored the club's try of the season with his chip and chase effort against Rotherham Titans RFC. He is known at Goldington Road for his ability to create something out of nothing and his daring game play. He has scored two last minute drop goals in his time at the Blues, and his all-round eagerness and personality makes him a fan favourite. He is 25 years old and was born in Norwich. He also was coached by former highlanders assistant coach Barry Matthews who now is coaching Waimate in the Harmesly cup and South Canterbury in the Heartland championship.
He played cricket for Norfolk in Minor counties cricket in 2008 and 2009.
# Beacon high schools in Beijing

Beacon high schools in Beijing (Chinese: 北京市高中示范校; pinyin: Běijīng-shì Gāozhōng Shìfàng Xìao; lit. 'Model Highschools of Beijing Municipality') is a system used by the municipal government of Beijing, China to designate model high schools.
Traditionally, some high schools in China have been statically designated as "key schools", which are associated with academic prestige and preferential resource allocation.
Over the last decade, the municipality is in the process of changing it into a beacon high school (示范高中) system, which is subject to specific criterion and periodic reviews. The long-term goal is to establish about 60 "large in scale, well-equipped and high quality" high schools, as examples of excellence.
To date, 3 reviews have been done, and 44 schools are currently listed as "beacon" high schools.
# Hans Bolsterer

Hans Bolsterer, also Hans Polster or Hans Polsterer (died 26 or 29 December 1573, Nuremberg) was a German sculptor, carver and medalist.

## Biography

His date and place of birth are unknown, as are the circumstances of his education. He is first reliably documented in 1540, when he was active in Nuremberg. In 1551, he was granted his Bürgerrechte (citizenship/civil rights) and was married. What appear to be temporary stays in Frankfurt am Main (1546) and Rödelheim (1548), are also documented.
His primary field of activity involved portrait medals, of which over thirty are known to have survived. In addition to members of the nobility, including Emperor Charles V, he portrayed a wide variety of ordinary citizens in Nuremberg and Frankfurt. He also created smaller ornaments, which may have served as models for goldsmiths, as well as several epitaphs for tombs.
His medals and ornaments are of a high artistic quality, but his larger works generally receive a lower rating. These include a tomb for Bishop Weigand of Redwitz, at Michaelsberg Abbey, Bamberg, and a "cartouche with female masks" (c.1550), which is now at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum. The museum also possesses a coat of arms for the Knight, Wolf Müntzer von Babenberg, which is attributed to Bolsterer on the basis of style.
He generally signed his works with the initials "HB", with a cross shaped "master's mark" in between.

## Sources

* Theodor Hampe: "Bolsterer (Bölsterer, Polsterer, Polster, Bolz?), Hans". In: Ulrich Thieme, Felix Becker (Eds.): Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, Vol. 4: Bida–Brevoort. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1910, pg.254 (Online)
* Paul Grotemeyer (1955), "Bolsterer, Hans", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 2, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 433; (full text online)
* (in German) Sven Hauschke: Bolsterer, Hans. In: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon. Die Bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker (AKL). Band 12, Saur, München u. a. 1995, ISBN 3-598-22752-3, S. 413