OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glendora Bougainvillea

The Glendora Bougainvillea, in Glendora, California, is the largest bougainvillea in the United States. The bougainvillea was designated a California Historical Landmark (No. 912) on October 14, 1977, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 7, 1978, as Site #78000683.
The R.H. Hamlins, early citrus growers, planted the bougainvillea in 1901. The bougainvillea vine is growing up 94-foot palm trees. The plant has grown 600 feet down Bennett Avenue and also 600 feet down Minnesota Avenue. The vine also has grown 1200 feet on both sides of orange trees on the land owned by Dr. and Mrs. L.J. Pittman.
The original parent of the bougainvillea vine arrived in 1870 by a whaling ship. The exact location of the original Glendora bougainvillea plant is not known.
The California Historical Landmark marker is at 402 East Bennett Avenue. The marker was placed there by the L.J. Pittman family and the State of California in 1977. The bougainvillea's placement on the National Register of Historic Places gives the plant federal protection provided by the Department of the Interior. It also makes the plant eligible for a grant-in-aid under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966.
The bougainvillea plant is a thorny ornamental vine, native to South America, and can be found from Brazil to Peru and down to Argentina. The plant is named after the first Frenchman to cross the Pacific Ocean, Louis Antoine de Bougainville.
The bougainvillea's peak bloom is in the months of June and July. Two species of bougainvillea are found in Glendora: Bougainvillea glabra and Bougainvillea spectabilis.

## Marker

The California Historical Landmark marker on the site reads:
   Planted in 1901 by the R.W. Hamlins, early citrus growers, the Glendora bougainvillea is the largest growth of this exotic plant in the United States. The parent stock was brought to California by a whaling ship about 1870, and the vines survive as one of the best examples remaining of the early 20th-century promotional image of California as paradise.
# BD−08°2823

BD−08°2823 is a star with a pair of exoplanetary companions in the faint equatorial constellation of Sextans. The star has an apparent visual magnitude of 9.86, which is too faint to be visible with the naked eye. This system is located at a distance of 135 light-years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is trending further away with a radial velocity of +53 km/s. It is a high proper motion star that is traversing the celestial sphere at the angular rate of 0.369″ yr$^{−1}$.
This is an ordinary K-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of K4:V, where the ':' notation indicates some uncertainty. Emission cores in the H and K lines suggest this is an active star, with the level of activity varying significantly over time. It is roughly five billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 1.4 km/s. Measurements of the activity variation suggest a rotation period of around 27 days. This star is smaller, cooler, and less massive than the Sun. Its metal content is slightly lower than in the Sun. The star is radiating 24% of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,746 K.

## Planetary system

In 2009, two planets were found in orbit around the star. They were discovered using the radial velocity method with the HARPS spectrograph in Chile, despite the data noise introduced through surface activity. The inner planet has a minimum mass equal to 14.4±2.1 times the mass of the Earth, while the outer planet is at least one third the mass of Jupiter.
The BD−08°2823 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b | ≥0.045 ± 0.007 M$_J$ | 0.056 ± 0.002 | 5.60 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.15 | — | — |
| c | ≥0.33 ± 0.03 M$_J$ | 0.68 ± 0.02 | 237.6 ± 1.5 | 0.19 ± 0.09 | — | — |
# 1981 Central Fidelity Banks International

The 1981 Central Fidelity Banks International was a women's singles tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Robins Center in Richmond, Virginia in the United States. The event was part of the Category 3 tier of the Toyota Series that was part of the 1981 WTA Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from August 10 through August 16, 1981. Seventh-seeded Mary-Lou Piatek won the singles title and earned $18,000 first-prize money.

## Finals
### Singles

Mary-Lou Piatek defeated Sue Barker 6–4, 6–1
* It was Piatek's first singles title of her career.

### Doubles

Sue Barker / Ann Kiyomura defeated Kathy Jordan / Anne Smith 4–6, 7–6, 6–4

## Prize money

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 |
| Singles | $18,000 | $9,000 | $4,500 | $2,200 | $1,150 | $550 |
# Glob (visual system)

Globs are millimeter-sized color modules found beyond the visual area V2 in the brain's color processing ventral (also known as parvocellular) pathway. They are scattered throughout the posterior inferior temporal cortex in an area called the V4 complex. They are clustered by color preference, and organized as color columns. They are the first part of the brain in which color is processed in terms of the full range of hues found in color space.
The term "glob" was proposed by Bevil Conway and Doris Tsao on an analogy with the cytochrome-oxidase blobs of V1, an earlier stage in the hierarchical elaboration of color. This also distinguishes them from other types of modules found elsewhere in the cerebral cortex such as face patches, and inferior temporal feature columns.

## Properties

Globs are found in the V4 complex, an area in the inferior temporal cortex, forward of area V3, that includes areas V4, the dorsal part of the posterior inferior temporal cortex and the rear part of the inferior temporal near the occipital lobe called TEO. Their neurons are not restricted to a single color preference. Neurons in adjacent glob cells have similar color tuning and form clusters that are arranged spatially within the cortex. In between them are ‘‘interglob’’ areas that were not color sensitive but respond to shape.
The color-tuned neurons are arranged in color columns that are of a finer scale than single globs. These columns are between 50 and 100 μm in size. Color preferences of neurons recorded sequentially along given columns are arranged according to a chromotopic map that reflects perceptual color space.
They are studied using functional MRI and single-unit recording.

## Color perception

Three types of retinal cone create signals that get transformed in the visual pathway to create the perception of color. However the neurons processing them in the retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, and V1 and V2 early parts of the visual cortex encode using the opponent process only a limited range of colors that does not reflect the dimensions of perceptual color space. It is only the next area where globs are found that along the visual processing hierarchy, show hue sensitivity, with the population of neurons representing most (if not all) of perceptual color space and which the color responses of neurons correspond to perception.
# Glenealy, County Wicklow

Glenealy (Irish: Gleann Fhaidhle) is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It is 8 km (5 mi) west of Wicklow Town, on the R752 road. The Dublin–Rosslare railway line also passes through the village. The village is in a civil parish of the same name.
Since the extension of the N11 dual-carriageway to within 5 km (3 mi) of the village in 2004, it has been undergoing population growth, attracting people commuting to Dublin. In the 20 years between the 1996 and 2016 census, the village population grew from 383 to 694 people. The population of 623 at the 2022 census was based on updated boundaries.
The village has a school, pub and a small shop known to the locals as the 'yellow shop'.
History
During the early medieval period Glenealy was the site of an ancient monastic establishment founded by St. Enan who was associated with St. Kevin. It was also connected with St. Molibba, Kevin's nephew who was active in Wicklow during that time.

## Transport

Bus Éireann route 133 serves the village providing links to Dublin, Bray, Wicklow, Rathnew, Rathdrum, Avoca and Arklow.

## Sport

Glenealy Hurling Club has won the Wicklow Senior Hurling Championship 16 times as of 2020, most recently beating Carnew in the 2018 county final. They were also the first Wicklow team to make it through to a Leinster Final. In 2017, the club reached the final of the Leinster intermediate club championship, but lost to Ballyragget of Kilkenny by one point.
# Glyptina spuria

Glyptina spuria is a species of flea beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
# 1981 Season's Cup

The 1981 Season's Cup became the second edition of Season's Cup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Soviet Top League and Soviet Cup competitions.
The match was played at the Stadion Lokomotiv, Simferopol, on 17 March 1981, and contested by league winner Dinamo Kiev and cup winner Shakhter Donetsk. Shakhter Donetsk won it on penalty shootout.

## Match
### Details

| Dinamo Kiev | Shakhter Donetsk |
| GK | | Yuriy Romenskyi |
| MF | | Anatoliy Konkov |
| DF | | Sergei Baltacha |
| DF | | Andriy Bal |
| MF | | Volodymyr Bezsonov |
| DF | | Volodymyr Lozynskyi |
| MF | | Leonid Buryak | | 52' |
| MF | | Aleksandr Khapsalis | | 55' |
| DF | | Oleksandr Boiko |
| FW | | Volodymyr Veremeyev | | 70' |
| FW | | Oleh Blokhin |
| Substitutes: ||||
| DF | | Anatoliy Demyanenko | | 52' |
| MF | | Vadym Yevtushenko | | 55' |
| DF | | Stepan Yurchyshyn | | 70' |
| Manager : ||||||
| | Valeriy Lobanovskyi | Valeriy Lobanovskyi | Valeriy Lobanovskyi | Valeriy Lobanovskyi | Valeriy Lobanovskyi |
| GK | | Viktor Chanov |
| DF | | Oleksiy Varnavskyi |
| DF | | Valeriy Horbunov |
| DF | | Viktor Kondratov |
| DF | | Oleksandr Sopko |
| MF | | Valeriy Rudakov | | 46' |
| FW | | Volodymyr Rohovsky |
| MF | | Mykhaylo Sokolovsky |
| FW | | Vitaliy Starukhin |
| MF | | Valeriy Hoshkoderia | | 94' |
| FW | | Viktor Hrachov |
| Substitutes: ||||
| MF | | Serhiy Kravchenko | 52' | 46' |
| FW | | Yuriy Bondarenko | | 94' |
| Manager : ||||||
| | Viktor Nosov | Viktor Nosov | Viktor Nosov | Viktor Nosov | Viktor Nosov |
# B Collision

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| CCM Magazine | A− |
| Christian Broadcasting Network | |
| Christianity Today | |
| Cross Rhythms | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
B Collision or (B is for Banjo), or (B sides), or (Bill), or perhaps more accurately (...the eschatology of Bluegrass) is David Crowder Band's second studio EP. It is a collection of new songs, remixes, and live songs.

## Chart Positions

| Chart (2007–2008) | Peak position |
| Billboard 200 | 118 |
| Billboard Hot Christian Albums | 5 |
| Top Digital Albums | 118 |
# Glyphidocera capsae

Glyphidocera capsae is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by Adamski in 2005. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Gntuni

The Gntuni family was an ancient Armenian noble family who can be traced back to late antiquity.

## Background

According to Khorenatsi, the Gntuni family were believed to be of Canaanite origin and were the master of the wardrobe in Armenia. They were aspets of Nig and were centered in the city of Kasala. The earliest mentioned prince of the family was Hrodomithr, who was awarded the city by King Tiridates II.
From c. 914 to 921, they ruled the town of Samshvilde as vassals of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.
# Ağlı District

Ağlı District is a district of the Kastamonu Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Ağlı. Its area is 225 km$^2$, and its population is 3,006 (2021). According to the Law No. 3644, which entered into force on 20 May 1990, it became a district.

## Composition

There is one municipality in Ağlı District:
* Ağlı
There are 13 villages in Ağlı District:
* Adalar
* Akçakese
* Akdivan
* Bereketli
* Fırıncık
* Gölcüğez
* Kabacı
* Müsellimler
* Oluközü
* Selmanlı
* Tunuslar
* Turnacık
* Yeşilpınar
# 1978 Toronto Argonauts season

The 1978 Toronto Argonauts finished in fourth place in the Eastern Conference with a 4–12 record and failed to make the playoffs.

## Regular season
### Standings

Eastern Football Conference :
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| Ottawa Rough Riders | 16 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 395 | 261 | 22 |
| Montreal Alouettes | 16 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 331 | 295 | 17 |
| Hamilton Tiger-Cats | 16 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 225 | 403 | 11 |
| Toronto Argonauts | 16 | 4 | 12 | 0 | 234 | 389 | 8 |

### Schedule

| Week | Date | Opponent | Location | Final score | Attendance | Record |
| 1 | July 12 | vs. Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Exhibition Stadium | W 34–22 | 49,950 | 1–0 |
| 2 | July 18 | at Montreal Alouettes | Olympic Stadium | L 23–30 | 51,388 | 1–1 |
| 3 | July 26 | vs. Ottawa Rough Riders | Exhibition Stadium | W 20–16 | 48,159 | 2–1 |
| 4 | Aug 2 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | Exhibition Stadium | W 16–11 | 52,308 | 3–1 |
| 5 | Aug 8 | at Ottawa Rough Riders | Landsdowne Park | L 18–37 | 30,723 | 3–2 |
| 6 | Aug 16 | vs. Edmonton Eskimos | Exhibition Stadium | L 3–40 | 49,168 | 3–3 |
| 7 | Aug 27 | at Saskatchewan Roughriders | Taylor Field | L 10–31 | 19,341 | 3–4 |
| 8 | Sept 4 | at Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Ivor Wynne Stadium | L 16–19 | 31,777 | 3–5 |
| 9 | Sept 10 | vs. Montreal Alouettes | Exhibition Stadium | L 2–27 | 46,202 | 3–6 |
| 10 | Sept 16 | at Winnipeg Blue Bombers | Winnipeg Stadium | L 14–19 | 27,201 | 3–7 |
| 11 | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye | Bye |
| 12 | Sept 30 | vs. Ottawa Rough Riders | Exhibition Stadium | L 3–24 | 45,210 | 3–8 |
| 13 | Oct 7 | at Calgary Stampeders | McMahon Stadium | L 16–22 | 26,190 | 3–9 |
| 14 | Oct 14 | vs. Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Exhibition Stadium | W 21–7 | 41,250 | 4–9 |
| 15 | Oct 21 | at Montreal Alouettes | Olympic Stadium | L 7–30 | 45,547 | 4–10 |
| 16 | Oct 29 | vs. BC Lions | Exhibition Stadium | L 31–15 | 40,120 | 4–11 |
| 17 | Nov 5 | at Hamilton Tiger-Cats | Ivor Wynne Stadium | L 16–23 | 31,005 | 4–12 |
# Glutarimide

Glutarimide is the organic compound with the formula (CH$_2$)$_3$(CO)$_2$NH. It is a white solid. The compound forms upon dehydration of the amide of glutaric acid.
Glutarimide is sometimes called 2,6-piperidinedione. It is the core of a variety of drugs, including lenalidomide, a medication used to treat anemia and multiple myeloma; and cycloheximide, a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis.
# BBC Transcription Services

The BBC Transcription Services started life in the mid-1930s as the London Transcription Service to license BBC Radio programmes to overseas broadcasters who were authorised to broadcast the programmes for a set period, usually two or three years. The programmes sold to overseas broadcasters in this way covered every part of the BBC's output, including all types of music, drama, religious and children's programmes and comedy. It is now called BBC Radio International.
Whilst the BBC destroyed most broadcast recordings it produced for its various outlets, BBC Transcription Services often retained their copy and many of the surviving radio programmes from the 1940s onwards owe their survival to the fact that Transcription Services issued the material.
The original releases were in the form of 12-inch 78 rpm discs. Each of these discs contained no more than three or four minutes per side and so a radio operator would have needed to cue the start of many discs as the previous one finished for a half hour programme. Consecutive parts of a programme were on different discs to enable the radio operator to cue the start of the next part of the programme from a different disc from the one being played.
By around 1947, the 78 rpm discs were replaced with 16-inch transcription discs running at 33⅓ rpm. These coarse groove discs each contained approximately ten minutes per side, so the requirement to cross fade throughout an episode was still required.
As witness Ted Kendall's Technical Notes included in The Goon Show Compendium box sets, the 16-inch discs were superseded by 10-inch and later 12-inch vinyl LPs from the mid-1950s onward.
These discs were edited to run to standard lengths, and to remove any content deemed too topical or potentially offensive. In the case of The Goon Show, for instance, each episode was cut to approximately 29 minutes and 30 seconds. A later reissue series of Goon Show episodes was cut further to 27 minutes to accommodate commercials.
BBC Transcription Services typically pressed only one hundred copies of each disc with instructions to the overseas radio network to destroy the disc at the end of the licence period.
# Golden Lion FC

Golden Lion FC is a professional football club from Martinique, based in the town of Saint-Joseph. They play in the Martinique Division d'Honneur, the top-division of football in Martinique, having been promoted following the 2008–09 season. They won the league for the first time in 2014–15.
In January 2024, they competed in the Coupe de France; losing 12–0 away at Lille.

## Achievements

* Martinique Division d'Honneur
    Champions (4): 2014–15, 2015–16, 2020–21, 2021–22
* Coupe de la Martinique
    Winner (2): 2015–16, 2018–19.
    Runners-up (2): 2010–11, 2013–14.
* Trophée du Conseil Général
    Winner (2): 2015, 2016.
    Runners-up (2): 2018, 2019.

## Historic goalscorer

Kevin Parsemain :
| Detail | Championnat national | Caribbean shield | Caribbean Cup | Coupe VYV | France Cup | Total |
| Goals | 163 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 177 |
| Scorer | 3 | 1 | | | | 4 |
# 1980–81 Southern Jaguars basketball team

The 1980–81 Southern Jaguars basketball team represented Southern University during the 1980–81 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Jaguars, led by head coach Carl Stewart, played their home games at the F. G. Clark Center and were members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 17–11, 8–4 in SWAC play to finish in first place. They were champions of the SWAC tournament to earn an automatic bid to the 1981 NCAA tournament where they lost in the opening round to No. 6 seed Wichita State. This season marked the first appearance in the NCAA Tournament for the Southern men's basketball program.

## Schedule

| Date time, TV | Rank$^#$ | Opponent$^#$ | Result | Record | Site (attendance) city, state |
| Regular season ||||||
| Dec 4, 1980* | | Howard | W 69–61 | 3–1 | F. G. Clark Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
| Jan 19, 1981* | | at Lamar | L 67–85 | 8–5 | Beaumont Civic Center Beaumont, Texas |
| Feb 23, 1981 | | at Grambling State | L 69–76 | 15–10 (8–4) | Tiger Memorial Gym Grambling, Louisiana |
| 1981 SWAC tournament ||||||
| Mar 7, 1981* | | Grambling State Semifinals | W 69–65 | 16–10 | F. G. Clark Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
| Mar 8, 1981* | | Jackson State Championship game | W 69–63 | 17–10 | F. G. Clark Center Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
| 1981 NCAA tournament ||||||
| Mar 13, 1981* | (11 MW) | vs. (6 MW) Wichita State First round | L 70–95 | 17–11 | Levitt Arena Wichita, Kansas |
| *Non-conference game. $^#$Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. MW=Midwest. All times are in Central Time. ||||||
# 1982 JSL Cup final

1982 JSL Cup Final was the seventh final of the JSL Cup competition. The final was played at Kusanagi Athletic Stadium in Shizuoka on August 30, 1982. Furukawa Electric won the championship.

## Overview

Furukawa Electric won their 2nd title, by defeating Yanmar Diesel 3–2.
# Gomphoceras

Gomphoceras is a questionable nautiloid cephalopod genus assigned to the Oncocerida. The family to which it might belong is undetermined.
Gomphoceras, named by Sowerby in 1839, is generally short but rapidly expanding, straight to slightly endogastric, with a gibbous body chamber such that all sides are convex. The aperture as vertically transverse, with a hyponomic sinus on a low spout-like process and a larger rounded dorsal sinus connetected above.
Tetrameroceras and Trimeroceras, both oncocerids, are similar in general form, but have more complex apertures.
# Backcountry Super Cubs Super Cub

The Backcountry Super Cubs Super Cub, also referred to as the Supercub replica, is an American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by Backcountry Super Cubs of Douglas, Wyoming. The aircraft is based on the design of the Piper PA-18 Super Cub and is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

## Design and development

The Super Cub features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-tandem enclosed cockpit that is 30 in (76 cm) wide, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The aircraft fuselage is made from welded steel tubing, with the wings constructed of aluminum sheet, all covered in doped aircraft fabric. Its 37.7 ft (11.5 m) span wing has an area of 170 sq ft (16 m$^2$), is supported by "V" struts with jury struts and mounts flaps. The aircraft's recommended engine power range is 180 to 240 hp (134 to 179 kW) and standard engines used include the 180 hp (134 kW) Lycoming O-360 four-stroke powerplant. The aircraft can be fitted with tundra tires for operation on soft or rough surfaces. Construction time from the supplied kit is 1200 hours.

## Operational history

By December 2011, 138 examples had been reported as completed and flown.

## Specifications (Super Cub)

Data from Kitplanes
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 21 ft (6.4 m)
* Wingspan: 37.7 ft (11.5 m)
* Wing area: 170 sq ft (16 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 1,200 lb (544 kg)
* Gross weight: 2,400 lb (1,089 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 48 U.S. gallons (180 L; 40 imp gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming O-360 four cylinder, air-cooled, four stroke aircraft engine, 180 hp (130 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed constant speed propeller
Performance
* Cruise speed: 112 mph (180 km/h, 97 kn)
* Stall speed: 28 mph (45 km/h, 24 kn)
* Range: 580 mi (930 km, 500 nmi)
* Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
* Wing loading: 14.1 lb/sq ft (69 kg/m$^2$)