OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alur

Alur may refer to:

## Places in India
### Andhra Pradesh

* Alur, Kurnool, a mandal in Kurnool district
** Alur (Assembly constituency)
* Alur, a village in Anantapur district
* Alur, a village in Rangareddi district
* Alur, a village in Nizamabad district

### Karnataka

* Alur, Hassan, a taluk in Hassan district
* Alur, Bagalkot
* Alur, Bellary
* Alur (K.M.), a village in Belgaum district
* Alur, a village in Kundapura taluk
* Alur, a village in Chamarajanagar taluk
* Alur, a village in Hiriyur taluk, Chitradurga district
* Alur, a village in Jevargi taluk, Kalaburagi district

### Kerala

* Alur, Kerala, a village in Thrissur district

### Maharashtra

* Alur, Nanded, a panchayat village in Deglur Taluka, Nanded district
* Alur, Osmanabad, a panchayat village in Umarga Tahsil, Osmanabad district

### Tamil Nadu

* Alur, Tamil Nadu, a town in Kanniyakumari district

## Other uses

* Alur people, of Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Alur language, the language spoken by the Alur people
* Mithu Alur (born 1943), disability rights activist
* Rajeev Alur, professor of computer sciences at University of Pennsylvania
# First mover

First mover may refer to:
* Unmoved mover, a concept in Aristotle's philosophy
* First-mover advantage in marketing
* First-move advantage in chess
# Fireco, West Virginia

Fireco is an unincorporated community coal town in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. It lies in the Winding Gulf Coalfield of the southern part of the state. The name Fireco denotes the amount of heat the specific coal mined there could produce. This name was once a common descriptor.
# Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union

The Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union (AEEU) was a British trade union. It merged with the MSF to form Amicus in 2001.

## History

The union was founded in 1992, when the Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) finally achieved a merger with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union (EETPU), after a hundred years of off-and-on discussions. The new union took the name Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union.
The AEU had been affiliated to the Trades Union Congress, while the EETPU was not, so the merged organisation held a ballot on the question of affiliation; members voted for the new union to affiliate. The AEEU was also the largest member of the Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions.
Membership of the new union continued to fall in line with the decline in employment in the sectors it covered. By 2001, its membership had fallen to 728,200. That year, it merged with the Manufacturing, Science and Finance union to form Amicus.

## General Secretaries

    1992: Gavin Laird and Paul Gallagher
    1994: Paul Gallagher
    1995: Ken Jackson

## Presidents

    1992: Bill Jordan and Ken Jackson
    1994: Bill Jordan
    1994: John Weakley (acting)
    1996: Davey Hall
# Alternanthera nodiflora

Alternanthera nodiflora (common name common joyweed) is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae. It is endemic to Australia, growing in all mainland states. It is naturalised in Tasmania, over much of Africa, in Japan, and in Myanmar.

## Description

Alternanthera nodiflora is an erect annual herb. The branches are almost without a covering but the nodes are covered with dense intertwined hairs, and there are two lines of hairs along the branches. The leaves, too, are almost without a covering and are linear, 2-8 cm long and have smooth margins. The inflorescences are globular, and often clustered. The fruit is less than half the length of the perianth. The style is very short.

## Taxonomy and naming

It was first described by Robert Brown in 1810. The type specimen is BM001015779 (collected on the east coast of Australia); Isotypes are E00279928 (collected at Broadsound), P00622600 (all three collected by Brown). The name is accepted by the Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria, by Plants of the World online, but is considered a synonym of Alternanthera sessilis by Catalogue of Life.
The specific epithet, nodiflora, derives from the Latin, nodus,( "knot" or "node") and flos, floris ("flower") to give an adjective describing the plant as having flowers arranged in a knot-shaped inflorescence or flowering at the nodes.
# Alternanthera pungens

Alternanthera pungens is a creeping, prostrate perennial pioneer plant of the family Amaranthaceae, spreading by seed and vegetatively, with roots often developing at the nodes of spreading stems. A plant of roadsides, path verges and waste places (ruderal), it is thought to have come from Central and South America, and to have become widely established in Australia and Southern Africa. Other species of this genus, e.g. Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC., have long been recorded from Tropical Africa, and would be difficult to prove as invaders.
The species forms dense mats of stems and leaves during the rainy season. During the dry season or in drought, material above ground dies off and the dormant plant is sustained by its fleshy taproot. Clusters of small white flowers form in the leaf axils. The small, khaki-coloured, prickly, papery fruits are stemless, form in the leaf axils and are spread by stock, vehicles and in stock feed. The shiny seeds are brownish, compressed, lenticular and about 1.5 mm across.
The species was illustrated as far back as 1732 by Johann Jacob Dillenius in his Hortus Elthamensis, vol. 1, and described as "Achyracantha repens foliis Bliti pallidi", and again in 1836 by Jean-Christophe Heyland (1792-1866) in Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries, vol. 2(3): p. 193, t. 199 (1836). Kew currently lists 139 species in the genus Alternanthera.

## Synonyms

* Alternanthera achyrantha R.Br. ex Sweet
# Alvin Brown (disambiguation)

Alvin Brown (born 1961) is a US politician.
Alvin Brown may also refer to:
* Alvin Brown (boxer) (born 1969), American boxer
* H. Alvin Brown, namesake of H. Alvin Brown–C. C. Stroud Field
# Amalgamation

Amalgamation is the process of combining or uniting multiple entities into one form.
Amalgamation, amalgam, and other derivatives may refer to:

## Mathematics and science

* Amalgam (chemistry), the combination of mercury with another metal
** Pan amalgamation, another extraction method with additional compound
** Patio process, the use of mercury amalgamation to extract silver
* Amalgamation (geology), the creation of a stable continent or craton by the union of two terranes; see Tectonic evolution of the Barberton greenstone belt
* Amalgamation paradox in probability and statistics, also known as Simpson's paradox
* Amalgamation property in model theory
* Free product with amalgamation, in mathematics, especially group theory, an important construction

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Amalgamated Broadcasting System, a short-lived American radio network during the 1930s
* Amalgamation (fiction), the concept of creating an element in a work of fiction by combining existing things
* Amalgamation, a 1994 EP by the band Pop Will Eat Itself
* Amalgamation, the debut studio album by the band Trapt

## Other uses

* Amalgamated (1917 automobile), car manufactured by the Amalgamated Machinery Corp.
* Amalgamated (organization name)
* Amalgamation (business), the merge or consolidation of companies
* Amalgamation (land), the formal combination of adjoining plots; in some jurisdictions distinct from a merger
* Amalgamation (names), the strategy of naming something after a combination of existing names
* Amalgamation (race), a now largely archaic term for the merger of people of different ethnicities and "races"
* Amalgamation, another name for a trade union, chiefly used in the UK
* Amalgamation, in C (programming language) (C) and C++ programming, merging all the source codes of a library into a single header file
* Conflation, also known as "idiom amalgamation", the combination of two expressions
* Merger (politics), consolidation or amalgamation, in geopolitics, joining two or more political or administrative entities, such as municipalities, cities, towns, counties, districts etc. into a single entity
# Fjerdvatnet

Fjerdvatnet or Kråkmovatnet (Norwegian) or Skilgájávrre (Lule Sami) is a lake in Hamarøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The European route E6 highway runs along the eastern shore of the lake. The lake lies about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) southeast of the village of Tømmerneset. The large lake Rekvatnet lies just to the east and the lake Sandnesvatnet lies just to the north of this lake.
# Fjermeros

Fjermeros is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bue Fjermeros (1912–2000), Norwegian lawyer and politician
* Karl Johan Fjermeros (1885–1972), Norwegian politician
# Fleep

Fleep is a graphic novel by Jason Shiga. It was originally published in comic strip format in AsianWeek in 2002. It was later collected and published by Sparkplug Comic Books.

## Synopsis

Jimmy Yee awakens to find himself trapped in a telephone booth that is buried in concrete, and must figure out what happened before he suffocates.

## Reception

The collected Fleep won the 2003 Ignatz Award for Outstanding Story.
Time described Fleep as "ingenious", "far from predictable", and "worthy of Arthur Conan Doyle". The Comics Journal considered its ending to be "quite shocking", and an example of the "strain of nihilism" in Shiga's work.

## Publication history

Shaenon K. Garrity has noted that the publishers of AsianWeek had wanted "a comic about the 'Asian-American experience'", and were consequently "a little baffled" by Fleep, which fits that description only in that the protagonist is Asian-American. AsianWeek cancelled Fleep mid-story, and Shiga then took it to the Modern Tales webcomics collective.
# 1984 WTA Swiss Open

The 1984 WTA Swiss Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Lugano, Switzerland that was part of the 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The tournament was held from 7 May through 13 May 1984. Third-seeded Manuela Maleeva won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Manuela Maleeva defeated Iva Budařová 6–1, 6–1
* It was Maleeva's 1st career title.

### Doubles

Christiane Jolissaint / Marcella Mesker defeated Iva Budařova / Marcela Skuherská 6–1, 6–2
* It was Jolissaint's 2nd title of the year and the 3rd of her career. It was Mesker's 3rd title of the year and the 5th of her career.
# Filtered Rayleigh scattering

Filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) is a diagnostic technique which measures velocity, temperature, and pressure by determining Doppler shift, total intensity, and spectral line shape of laser induced Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering.
# Gasmeth Energy Gas Works

The Gasmeth Energy Gas Works (GEGW) is a planned methane gas extraction and processing plant in Rwanda.

## Location

The plant would be located on the waters of Lake Kivu, in Rwandan territory, within the vicinity of the city of Gisenyi, approximately 165 kilometres (103 mi), by road, north-west of Kigali, Rwanda's capital and largest city.

## Overview

Lake Kivu is reported to contain a considerable amount of methane gas and carbon dioxide, which, when they bubble to the surface, form lethal "toxic clouds". However, when the gases are extracted and canned (bottled), they form vital cooking fuel which replaces scarce firewood and charcoal, thereby preserving the environment. Previous projects have directed the gas towards generation of electricity.
In January 2019, Rwanda's cabinet authorized Rwanda Development Board to enter into a concession with Gasmeth Energy Limited, to extract methane gas for domestic and industrial use as a cooking fuel. On 5 February 2019, agreements were signed, between the Rwanda Development Board (RDB), the Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board (RMB) and Gasmeth Energy Limited (GEL), committing GEL to construct a facility on Lake Kivu to extract, process and compress methane gas for the domestic and export market. This is the first major project in the African Great Lakes region for the extraction of methane gas for cooking, on an industrial scale.

## Gasmeth Energy Limited

The owner-developers of this project are Gasmeth Energy Limited, a Rwanda-registered company, whose shareholders are as illustrated in the table below.
Gasmeth Energy Limited Stock Ownership :
| Rank | Name of Owner | Percentage Ownership |
| 1 | American Investors | |
| 2 | Nigerian Investors | |
| 3 | Rwandan Investors | |
| | Total | 100.00 |

## Construction and funding

Gasmeth has committed in writing to invest US$400 million into the construction of the methane gas plant. It is expected that commercial operation of the new plant will begin by February 2021.
# Film-Maker // Been Training Dogs

"Film-Maker // Been Training Dogs" is a 2002 double A-side single by The Cooper Temple Clause. It peaked at number twenty on the UK Singles Chart.
Each CD single was enhanced with the promo videos, on-set interviews with the band, photographs from the shoot, roll calls, and tokens.
The A-side of the 7" was double-tracked, meaning that it contained two separate groove paths, one for each of the lead tracks, which means that it is essentially down to chance whether you hear "Film-Maker" or "Been Training Dogs".

## Track listing
### CD1

* "Film-Maker" (Radio Edit)
* "Been Training Dogs"
* "Screwdriver Song"
* "Film-Maker" (video)

### CD2

* "Been Training Dogs"
* "Film-Maker" (Album Version)
* "Safe Enough Distance Away"
* "Been Training Dogs" (video)

### 7"

   A1. "Film-Maker"
   A2. "Been Training Dogs" B. "Way Out West" (Hightower Remix)
# F. Donald Logan

Francis Donald Logan FSA FRHistS (born March 9, 1930, died February 22, 2022) was an American historian who was Professor of History at Emmanuel College.

## Biography

Francis Donald Logan was born in Boston on March 9, 1930, the son of Joseph (a milk deliverer) and Laura (MacDonald). Educated at St. John's Seminary, the University of Toronto and the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Logan has served as Professor Emeritus of History of Emmanuel College since 1993. He is the author of several notable works on the Vikings and religious history. Logan is a Fulbright Scholar, a Guggenheim Fellow, and a fellow of the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, the Royal Historical Society and the Society of Antiquaries of London.
He died at his house on February 22, 2022

## Selected bibliography

* Excommunication and the Secular Arm in Medieval England: A Study in Legal Procedure from the Thirteenth to the Sixteenth Century, 1968
* The Vikings in History, 1983
* A History of the Church in the Middle Ages, 2002
* The Medieval Court of Arches, 2005
* Runaway Religious in Medieval England, c. 1240–1540, 1996
# Edward Rye

Edward Rye was an English landowner with property in Doncaster.
He was the eldest son of Brian Rye of Whitwell and his wife, Jane Eyre. The family lands at Whitwell, Derbyshire were sold to Richard Whalley (1499–1583), who had been a noted supporter of Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset during the reign of Edward VI of England, and in 1552 Edward Rye was a ward of Whalley. Whitwell Old Hall was bought by Sir John Manners of Haddon Hall in 1595, and he rebuilt the house.
Edward Rye lived at Aston, near Sheffield. The house, Aston Hall, which belonged to the Darcy family, has been rebuilt since his time. He also had a house in the Frenchgate of Doncaster, where his coat of arms was depicted on a plaster ceiling, and a property known as the White Hart. His wife Maud Wentworth died in 1606.
In June 1603 he entertained Anne of Denmark, the wife of James VI and I, who had come from the King's Manor at York, via Grimston Park, on her way to Worksop Manor. She was travelling to Windsor Castle from Scotland after the Union of the Crowns, with her children Prince Henry and Princess Elizabeth. King James had already passed through Doncaster on 19 April, staying a night at an inn called the Sign of the Sun and Bear, after a visit to Pontefract Castle. The Sun and Bear was probably in Baxter Gate, and was later renamed as "The Angel".
A year later, Anne of Denmark recalled the hospitality of Edward Rye in a letter to Sir Robert Cecil, asking him to assist Rye in his legal dispute with Conyers Darcy, 7th Baron Darcy de Knayth, the "Lord Darcie of the North" and owner of the Aston property.
Some older genealogical sources suggest that Edward Rye died in 1602. His daughter Frances married John Everard in Doncaster in 1607.
# Aniket

Aniket is an Indian masculine given name. The meaning of the name Aniket is: "one who makes the world his home", Lord of the world; a Celestial, Lord Vishnu or Krishna, Lord Shiva, in other words, the whole world is his home, and not any particular location.
Notable people with the given name include:
* Aniket Chattopadhyay (born 1963), Indian journalist and film director
* Aniket Choudhary (born 1990), Indian cricketer
* Aniket Parikh (born 1997), New Zealand cricketer
* Aniket Vishwasrao (born 1981), Indian actor
* Aniket Tatkare, Indian politician
* Aniket Jadhav (born 2000), Indian professional footballer
* Aniket Gupta (born 2003), Indian professional Cricketer
# Francisco Aguilar

Francisco Aguilar may refer to:
* Francisco Aguilar y Leal (1776–1849), Spanish soldier
* Francisco Aguilar Barquero (1857–1924), Costa Rican president
* Francisco Aguilar (footballer, born 1949) (1949–2020), Spanish footballer
* Francisco Aguilar (footballer, born 1952), Spanish footballer
# Ankarafantsika National Park

Ankarafantsika National Park is a national park near Andranofasika in the Boeny Region of Madagascar. The closest city is Majunga 115 kilometres (71 mi) north of the park. Ankarafantsika is mostly tropical in climate type. The Sakalava people are the predominant ethnic group living and farming here. The greater big-footed mouse (Macrotarsomys ingens) lives in the park and is not known anywhere else.

## The park

The park is between the Betsiboka River to the west and the Mahajamba River to the east. Originally there were two parks on either side of Route 4 national road, but they were combined in 2002. The park occupies about 135,000 hectares and consists of patches of thick dry tropical forest interspersed with less dense areas. There are also savannah, scrub and sandy eroded rock areas and some land is farmed by the indigenous Sakalava people. There are a number of lakes and the park is criss-crossed by tracks and paths. There are lodging facilities and guides are available to help visitors appreciate the wildlife and scenery.

## Flora and fauna

Ankarafantsika National Park is mostly woodland, and the tree species are typical of dry tropical forest. Over 800 species are present, many of them endemic to Madagascar. Notable examples include the flowering bush mpanjakabenitany (Baudouinia fluggeiformis), the katrafay (Cedrelopsis grevei) used in traditional medicine, the small tree lohavato (Hymenodictyon occidental) and sakoanala (Poupartia silvatica), a large tree with conspicuous flowers.
The native fauna of Madagascar are well represented. Ten species of amphibian and 44 reptile species are present. These include the rare Madagascan big-headed turtle (Erymnochelys madagascariensis), the rhinoceros chameleon (Furcifer rhinoceratus) and the dwarf chameleon (Brookesia decaryi). There are two ground-dwelling boa constrictor snakes Acrantophis madagascariensis and Sanzinia madagascariensis, and the rare terrestrial snake Liophidium therezieni.
Mammals include eight species of lemur, two of which are mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.), the world's smallest primates. The greater big-footed mouse (Macrotarsomys ingens) is a recently described small rodent known only in the park and its vicinity.
One hundred and twenty nine species of birds have been recorded in the park, more than half of them endemic to Madagascar. They include the Van Dam's vanga (Xenopirostris damii), the rufous vanga (Schetba rufa), the elusive banded kestrel (Falco zoniventris) and the more easily observed Madagascar fish eagle (Haliaeetus vociferoides) which can often be seen at Ravelobe Lake. The endangered Madagascar heron (Ardea humbloti) can be seen at Lake Ravelobe.
# Angelo Venturoli

Angelo Venturoli (1749 – 7 March 1821 in Bologna) was an Italian architect.
He was born in Medicina in the Province of Bologna, and trained at the Accademia Clementina, under Petronio Fancelli. By 1781, he was an academic, and from 1786 to 1803, docent or teacher of architecture. In 1795, he was named director of the academy and Vice (1802 and 1803).
He was active as an architect in Bologna and the Veneto, including Castelfranco Emilia. Among architectural works are refurbishing and Neoclassical additions to the churches of San Giuliano and San Michele Arcangelo, the entrance and Atrium of the palazzo Hercolani, the entrance to Villa Sardini (1777) at Pieve Santo Stefano, and Villa Hercolani. Among his collaborators, was the sculptor Giacomo De Maria (1762–1838). With the help of Carlo Bianconi, Marchese Antonio Bolognini Amorini, Count Luigi Salini, and Signor Carlo Savini, as well as with Angelo's endowment, the helped found the Collegio Artistico Angelo Venturoli in Bologna in 1825.
# Anna Phillips

Anna Phillips may refer to:
* Anna Phillips (Seventh-day Adventist) (1865–1926), prophetess
* Anna J. Phillips, American zoologist and curator
* Anna Lise Phillips, Australian actress
* Anna Maria Crouch (1763–1805), née Phillips, English singer and stage actress
# Franco Fasciana

Franco Fasciana can refer to:
* Franco Fasciana (footballer, born 1960)
* Franco Fasciana (footballer, born 1990)
# Frank Holman

Frank Holman may refer to:
* Frank B. Holman (1930–2005), American Republican Party politician from New Jersey
* Frank E. Holman (1886–1967), American attorney
# Frank Holleman

Frank Sharp Holleman, III is an attorney and politician from South Carolina who was the Democratic Party's nominee for South Carolina Superintendent of Education in 2010 and is a former United States Deputy Secretary of Education.
Holleman was born in Seneca, South Carolina and attended Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina. He graduated from Harvard Law School and served as a law clerk for Judge Harrison Lee Winter of the Fourth Circuit and Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun. He then worked as a partner at Wyche, Burgess, Freeman and Parham in Greenville, South Carolina.
Holleman served as chairman of the South Carolina Democratic Party from 1988 to 1990. In 1994, he was appointed by President Bill Clinton to serve in the Justice Department as a Deputy Assistant Attorney General, and later served as Chief of Staff for Secretary of Education Richard Riley. In 1999, Clinton recess appointed Holleman to serve as Deputy Secretary of Education, a post which he held until the end of the Clinton presidency.
Holleman served as campaign manager for Inez Tenenbaum's Senate campaign in 2004, and was rumored as a possible candidate for state Superintendent of Education in 2006. He did not run and Jim Rex won the Democratic nomination and the general election. After Rex decided not to run for re-election and instead ran for governor, Holleman announced his candidacy for Superintendent in the 2010 election. Holleman opposed tax credits or publicly funded vouchers for private school tuition, and supported an expansion of early childhood education and adoption of the Common Core Standards. He won the Democratic nomination against school administrator Tom Thompson. In the general election, Holleman raised a substantial amount of money, and the race was initially considered to be close, but he lost the general election to Republican nominee Mick Zais.
Holleman is now a senior litigating attorney at the Southern Environmental Law Center, where he has led the effort to litigate against power utilities over the disposal of coal ash, especially in the wake of the 2014 Dan River coal ash spill.