OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Isometrus thwaitesi

Isometrus thwaitesi is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka.

## Description

Total length is 30 to 50 mm. Manus of pedipalp is very thin. Pedipalps and legs are yellowish, with spots. Fingers and manus of pedipalps are yellowish, and spotted. Mesosomal segments are light-colored. Subaculear tooth is spinoid. There are 13 to 16 pectinal teeth. Hemispermatophore trunk is broad, and short. Capsule region is broad. Flagellum laminiform, short, and basally broadened. Median lobe of hemispermatophore is narrow, and distally truncate, with strong, curved dorsal carina.
# 541 BC

The year 541 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 213 Ab urbe condita. The denomination 541 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events

* Cyrus the Great, king of the Persian Empire, conquers the Lydian kingdom of Croesus.

## Deaths

* Jia'ao, Chinese king of Chu
# John Flower

John Flower may refer to:
* John Flower (sheriff) (1535–1620), MP for Rutland
* John Flower (MP), MP for Maldon 1406, 1411, 1414
* John Flower (theologian) (c. 1624–after 1658), English nonconformist theologian
* John Flower (artist) (1793–1861), English landscape artist
* John Flower (cricketer) (born 1938), English cricketer
* John Beresford Fowler (1906–1977), English interior designer.
# Bom Bom Bom

Bom Bom Bom may refer to:
* "Bom Bom Bom", a song by Living Things from their 2005 album Ahead of the Lions
* "Bom Bom Bom", a song by Roy Kim from his 2013 album Love Love Love
* "Bom, Bom, Bom, Bom, Esso Blue!", an Esso advertising song from the 1950s through to the 1970s
# Charles A. Maguire

Charles Alfred Maguire (May 24, 1875 – October 14, 1949) was mayor of Toronto from 1922–1923.
Charles Alfred Maguire was born in Toronto, the son of James Maguire and Elizabeth Brown.
Maguire worked in an insurance company (Maguie & Company) and was the vice-president of the Hydro-Electric Railway Association before he entered politics. He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada. He was first elected an alderman for Ward Three in the year 1909 and reelected in 1910, 1911, 1912, 1914, 1915, 1916 and 1917. In 1912 he was city controller for part of the year. He was reelected in 1918, 1919, 1920 and 1921. Then on December 21, 1921 he was elected by acclamation mayor of Toronto. His program included building hydro radials, building of a railway viaduct on the water front, low tax rates, street extensions and city improvement.
In 1923 Robert John Fleming contested Maguire for mayor. Maguire was reelected.

## Personal life

Married Lillian Cusack, the daughter of Henry M. Cusack and Elizabeth Cusack of London on February 9, 1900. His son was Herbert Maguire born on April 13, 1910.
# Carpentier family

The Carpentier family is a family of French origins. One of its branches moved to the kingdoms of England and Scotland in the 15th century. Another branch, the Carpentier de Changy family, has been part of the Belgian nobility since 1892.

## Branches

* Carpentier de Changy
* Carpentier de Marigny

## Origins

This family descends from Colinet Carpentier, notary, attorney and manufacturer in Decize. He married Jehanneton de Savigny there on 28 February 1442

## Notable members

* Jehan Carpentier, merchant, master of forges, and councillor of Nevers from 1564.
* Jacques Carpentier de Marigny [fr] (1615-1673), satirical poet and prose writer, prior of Cessy, chamberlain of Christine of Sweden, in the court of the prince of Condé then of the cardinal of Retz, advisor and butler of the King.
* Francois Carpentier (1623-1676), King's Musketeer, volunteer in the company of the gendarmes of the duke of Orleans.
* Sir Arthur Marigni Carpentier, 1st Baronnet Carpentier, of France.
* François Carpentier de Changy (1714-1797), King's Musketeer, participated in the battles of Fontenoy, Rocoux, and Lauffeld and in the siege of Bergen op Zoom where he was injured.
* François Ignace Carpentier, Count de Changy [fr] (1753-1812), French royalist officer.
* Count Eugène Carpentier de Changy (1879-1936), Head of Protocol at the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
* Alain Carpentier de Changy (1922-1994), Belgian racing driver.

## Baronetcy

The Carpentier Baronetcy, of France, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created under the reign of Richard Cromwell on 9 October 1658 for Arthur Marigni Carpentier, a gentleman of French origin. Nothing further is known of him or the title. The Baronetcy is now extinct.

### Carpentier baronets, of France (1658)

* Sir Arthur Marigni Carpentier, 1st Baronet

## Heraldry

Azure, a mullet or between three crescents argent.
# Hypotrachyna brevirhiza

Hypotrachyna brevirhiza is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. First described as a species of Parmelia by Syo Kurokawa in 1964, Mason Hale transferred it to the genus Hypotrachyna in 1975. The lichen is widespread in Central American Mountains and in the Andes at elevations of 2,700–4,300 m (8,900–14,100 ft), where it grows as an epiphyte on exposed trees and shrubs. It also occurs in southern South America, Africa, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Macquarie Island, and the Pacific.
# Isrotel Tower

The Isrotel Tower is a hotel located on the beachfront of Tel Aviv, Israel.
The tower is 108 meters high, has 29 floors and is operated by the Israeli Isrotel hotel group. A Gvirtzman Architects designed the towers which were completed in 1966, whilst the main core was completed in the 1980s. The diameter of the structure is 29 meters and the tower is constructed on the site of the Gan Rina Theatre. The hotel consists of 90 suites whilst the top floors house 62 apartments. The tower is constructed on a narrow pedestal.
The Nakash family purchased the tower for $150 million USD in April 2013.
# 3 Türken und ein Baby

3 Türken und ein Baby or 3 Türken & ein Baby (English: 3 Turks and a baby) is a 2015 German comedy film, written and directed by Sinan Akkuş. Starring the German rapper Eko Fresh and the actors Kida Khodr Ramadan and Kostja Ullmann, the film tells the story of the three Yildiz brothers Celal, Sami and Mesut, who live under one roof and lead a chaotic bachelor life. That changes suddenly, when a little baby comes into their lives that they have to take care of. In 2015 3 Türken und ein Baby was nominated for the Civis Media Prize for Integration.

## Plot

The three German-Turkish brothers Celal, Sami and Mesut are in their thirties and still live together in their parents' small apartment in Frankfurt am Main, running the inherited bridal fashion store without success. Womanizer Celal cannot get over the separation from his ex-girlfriend Anna and wants to open a mobile phone shop, but has gambled away their joint inheritance. Sami longs for a wife. However, his first dates often go down the drain because of his quickly budding rage. The youngest brother, Mesut, is a hopeless romantic and dreams of a career as a successful musician. However, this does not fit in with his recent decision, which is to adhere the rules of the Quran.
The brothers' situation worsens when they suddenly have to take care of Anna's baby when she is hospitalized. With help from Sami and Mesut, Celal tries to fulfill his duties as a surrogate father. After a chaotic start, the three brothers learn to take responsibility and to take on the busy duties of a father. They begin to enjoy the company of their little foster baby.

## Cast

* Kostja Ullmann as Celal Yildiz
* Kida Khodr Ramadan as Sami Yildiz
* Eko Fresh as Mesut Yildiz
* Jytte-Merle Böhrnsen as Anna Kemper
* Baby Clara as Baby Nala
* Axel Stein as Gunnar Caro
* Frederick Lau as Matthias
* Rainer Ewerrien as Sven
* Dagmar von Kurmin as Elena Krause
* Christoph Maria Herbst as Director of operations
* Bodo Bach as Neighbor
* Anna Böger as Laura
* Jacob Matschenz as Caspar
* Hans Sarpei as Balthasar
* Simon Desue as Man at the swimming pool
* Joyce Ilg as Woman at playground
* Julia Thurnau as Helgart
* Alexander Beyer as Holzapfel
* Stefan Lampadius as Pharmacist
* Jörg Schäfer as Boss
* Dieter Rupp as County Court bailiff
* Sinan Akkuş as Policeman
* Celo & Abdi as Car dealers
* Sabine Wackernagel as Doctor

## Release

The German theatrical release took place on 22 January 2015. Netflix started streaming the film on 15 December 2016 in the United States for the first time, on 1. September 2018 in Germany and in several other countries.

## Accolades

* 2015: Nomination for the Civis Media Prize in the category CIVIS European Cinema Prize
# Jemima Stehli

Jemima Stehli (born 1961) is a British feminist artist, who is especially known for her naked self-portrait photographs. Stehli lives and works in London.

## Biography

She received a BA Honours Fine Art at Goldsmiths' College in 1983, and her MA Fine Arts from Goldsmiths' in 1991.
She now lectures in Postgraduate Studies in Art Practice at Goldsmiths.

## Art practice

Stehli has explored themes of sexuality and the gaze throughout her practice. Most of her photographs are set in her studio.
Her naked self-portraits explore performativity and complicity in the representation of the female nude. Throughout her practice she has investigated the role and position of the viewer in relation to the image. Stehli has also created photographs in which she inserts herself into well-known artworks by male artists.

### 1990s

In 1998 she pastiched Allen Jones's iconic 1960s sculpture Table I. Stehli said about this work, "I wanted not only to show woman as a sexual object, but to show myself, the artist, becoming an object." Stehli also appropriated the photography of Helmut Newton in Here They Come (1999).
Rebecca Fortnum included Stehli in her 2006 anthology Contemporary British Women Artists: In Their Own Words.

### 2000s

The Strip series (2000) represented Stehli undressing in front of seated male art world figures, with the men choosing when to activate the camera. Amongst the curators, critics artists and art dealers represented were Adrian Searle, Matthew Higgs and Matthew Collings. Stehli stated that ‘there is a very real power in situations with that kind of looking. I’m always trying to figure out what is interesting about looking at something. It’s a very powerful act.’ (2017)

### Collaboration with If Lucy Fell

Stehli's 2014 exhibition Endears me, yet remains resulted from a collaboration with the Lisbon-based band If Lucy Fell. The exhibition consisted of footage Stehli had filmed of the band while they travelled. Stehli stated that 'they had enjoyed being taken out of the rock venue and into the white space of the gallery and I wanted to be in their world, not thinking but feeling the energy of the performing moment'. (2014)

## Exhibitions

* 2014: Endears me, yet remains, Focal Point Gallery, Southend-on-Sea.
* 2011: Narrative Show, Eastside Projects, Birmingham.
* 2007: Jemima Stehli, Lisboa 20, Lisbon.
* 2007: Studio Double, ARTRA, Milan.
* 2003: mm/Studio, Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver.
* 2003: The Upsetting Table, Jeffrey Charles Gallery, London.
* 2003: Jemima Stehli, Lisson Gallery, London.
* 2001-2: Jemima Stehli, ARTRA, Milan.
* 2000: Project Info, Chisenhale Gallery, London.
* 2000: Karen 2000, Artlab, Imperial College, London.

## Awards

* 1998-2000: Artist in Residence, Delfina Studios, London.
* 1997: Award to Individual Artists, London Arts Board.
# John Hales Calcraft

John Hales Calcraft (23 September 1796 – 13 March 1880) was a British Whig, Conservative and Tory politician.

## Family

Born at Rempstone Hall in Purbeck, Dorset, Calcraft was the son of John Calcraft and Elizabeth née Hales (daughter of Sir Thomas Hales, and the brother of Granby Calcraft. He married Lady Caroline Katherine Montagu, daughter of William Montagu and Lady Susan Gordon, in 1828, and they had three sons and four daughters, including: John Hales Montagu (1831–1868); Susan Charlotte (1833–1892); William Montagu (1834–1901); Henry George (1836–1896); and Georgiana Emily (died 1915). Upon his marriage, his father granted him an allowance of £1,000 a year and allowed him to reside at Rempstone.

## Political career

Elected to gentleman's club Brooks's in 1817, Calcraft was brought into Parliament for the first time at his father's borough of Wareham. Sitting as a Tory alongside his father (who was a Whig), he was described by Sir James Mackintosh as a "very sensible young man" and held the seat until 1826, although he often divided with the Whigs. However, his early parliamentary career was somewhat inactive with illness affecting his ability to vote on several occasions. Despite this, he voted against William Wilberforce's compromise motion on the Queen Caroline affair in 1820, for parliamentary reform in 1822, against the Irish unlawful societies bill in 1825, and for alteration for the corn laws in 1825. He had just one intervention during this period of his career, presenting a petition of the journeymen fishmongers of Westminster, who wanted to sell fish after 10:00. Falling ill again in early 1826, he retired from the seat.
In 1828, he became deputy Postmaster General of the United Kingdom to his father, and then began to take part in local affairs, chairing the anniversary meeting of the Wareham Church Missionary Society in August of the same year. While he did not stand for election at Wareham again in 1830 or 1831, his brother Granby was elected a Whig MP for the seat in the later year.
Following his father's suicide in late 1831, Calcraft returned to parliament in the same seat in 1832 as an "anti-reformer" and, becoming a Conservative in 1834, held the seat until 1841 when he was defeated. He once more returned to the seat, this time as a Whig, in 1857, and held the seat until the next general election in 1859 when he did not seek re-election.

## Later life

After leaving parliament, Calcraft became High Sheriff of Dorset from 1867 to 1868, with his eldest son John Hales Montagu serving as Liberal MP for Wareham from 1865 to 1868, and his third son, Henry George, becoming permanent secretary to the Board of Trade from 1886 to 1893.
Calcraft died in 1880 at St George Hanover Square, London, and was noted by The Times as a "fine example of the country gentleman and the squire", while the writer Jane Ellen Panton in 1909 said he was "one of the most magnificient [sic?] old men that I have ever seen". His estate was inherited by his eldest surviving son, William Montagu.
# Jack Osberg

Jack Osberg (born c. 1940) is an American college football coach. He is the defensive line coach for Augsburg University, a position he has held since 2020. He was the head football coach for Augsburg College—now known as Augsburg University—from 1991 to 2004 and is the team's all-time leader in wins. He was also the head football coach for Wayzata High School from 1971 to 1976.

## Playing career

Osberg grew up in Minneapolis. He played college football for Augsburg as a nose guard and offensive guard under head coach Edor Nelson. He served as a team captain in 1960.

## Coaching career

Osberg began his coaching career with Roosevelt High School from 1962 to 1967. In 1968, he served as a graduate assistant under head coach Bob Devaney. In 1969, he returned to Roosevelt. In 1971, Osberg earned his first head coaching gig for Wayzata High School. In 1977, he left Wayzata to become the defensive coordinator for his alma mater, Augsburg, under head coach Al Kloppen. He took a break from coaching between 1985 and 1990. In 1991, he returned to Augsburg as the head football coach as the successor to Bill Hunstock. In sixteen years as head coach he led the team to an overall record of 62–79. He coached the team to its only Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (MIAC) title and a trip to the NCAA Division III playoffs. In 1997, the team went 10–2 and won the MIAC title outright. He resigned following the 2004 season. In 2007, he returned to Augsburg for a third time as the defensive line coach under head coach Frank Haege. After not coaching from 2008 to 2010 he returned to coaching for Osseo High School as the defensive line coach. In 2020, Osberg returned for his fourth stint with Augsburg under first-year head coach Derrin Lamker as defensive line coach.

## Personal life

While Osberg was serving as a coach for Wayzata High School he also taught biology. Even after he resigned from coaching he stayed as a teacher for the school.
Osberg and his wife, Nina, have been married since 1976 and they have six children. Sometime before 2021, his wife was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.

## Head coaching record
### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| Augsburg Auggies (Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference) (1991–2004) ||||||
| 1991 | Augsburg | 2–7 | 1–7 | 9th | |
| 1992 | Augsburg | 3–7 | 2–7 | 9th | |
| 1993 | Augsburg | 5–5 | 4–5 | 6th | |
| 1994 | Augsburg | 5–5 | 4–5 | T–6th | |
| 1995 | Augsburg | 6–4 | 5–4 | T–5th | |
| 1996 | Augsburg | 3–7 | 2–7 | T–7th | |
| 1997 | Augsburg | 10–2 | 8–1 | 1st | L NCAA Division III Second Round |
| 1998 | Augsburg | 6–4 | 5–4 | 5th | |
| 1999 | Augsburg | 6–4 | 5–4 | 6th | |
| 2000 | Augsburg | 3–7 | 3–6 | 7th | |
| 2001 | Augsburg | 4–6 | 4–5 | T–6th | |
| 2002 | Augsburg | 2–8 | 1–7 | 8th | |
| 2003 | Augsburg | 5–5 | 4–4 | T–4th | |
| 2004 | Augsburg | 2–8 | 2–6 | T–6th | |
| Augsburg: | Augsburg: | 62–79 | 50–72 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 62–79 | | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth ||||||
# Carpentier, Haiti

Carpentier is a village located in the Port-Salut commune within the Port-Salut Arrondissement, situated in the Sud department of Haiti.
# Butcher baronets

There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Butcher, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both are extinct.
* The Butcher Baronetcy, of Danesfort in the County of Kerry, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 28 June 1918 for John Butcher, the member of parliament (MP) for the City of York. He was subsequently ennobled as Baron Danesfort, and the baronetcy was merged with that title. Both titles became extinct on the death of the first Baronet in 1935.
* The Butcher Baronetcy, of Holland in the County of Lincoln, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 22 July 1960 for Herbert Walter Butcher, the member of parliament for Holland with Boston. The title became extinct on the death of the first Baronet in 1966.
# Central Library of Politehnica University of Timișoara

The Central Library of Politehnica University is the library of the Politehnica University of Timișoara. Between 1947 and 2014 it functioned in the Piarist High School ensemble.

## History

The library was established with the Polytechnic Institute by royal decree in 1920. The activity of the library was started in the building of the primary school on Carol Telbisz Street, where it was active until 1947, when its collections were moved to the headquarters on Piatra Craiului Street.
The first librarian mentioned in the institute's yearbooks was Eustațiu Pandele. On 15 March 1921, he registered the first book in the library's patrimony: Béton armé. Abaques pratiques pour l'établissement des hourdis et des poteaux, a French-language work published by M. Corset, a French engineer, in Paris in 1920. After only one year, in which he worked alone, followed a period of 16 years in which, in addition to the librarian, there is also mentioned a room warden, which demonstrates the increase in the number of publications and the number of readers. The activity of the library continued in all the past years, parallel to the activity of the institute, it being the one that provided the material support of the students' training and of the research activity.
Because it was located in the center of Timișoara, but far from some faculties, the library had specialized branches at the faculties of Chemistry, Electro, Mechanics and Construction. Following the retrocession of the Piarist ensemble to the Catholic Church, a new headquarters was built for the library on Vasile Pârvan Boulevard, near the mentioned faculties, so that the branches were merged there. Construction work on the new building took eight years and cost about 16 million euros. The last 100 books were symbolically moved to the new location on 12 November 2014 by a human chain of 1,000 students.

## Collections

The library contains about 700,000 volumes to which students of other universities in Timișoara also have access. The book fund mainly includes documents from technical fields, but also from other spheres of knowledge, being intended exclusively for loan.
The collection of descriptions of inventions includes approximately 61,300 documents from all fields of activity. The library offers users a rich collection of Romanian and foreign periodicals. The collection of periodicals includes representative documents that have appeared over the years, especially in areas that cover technical disciplines. The first foreign periodical to be part of the Central Library's fund is Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, published in Berlin in 1868. The oldest Romanian magazine kept in the library's collection, since its first issue, is Gazeta matematică and dates from 1897.
# 4 ft 8 in gauge railways

Track gauge :
By transport mode :
Rapid transit
Tram
Miniature
Scale model :
By size (list) :
Change of gauge :
Bogie exchange
Break of gauge
Dual gauge
Conversion
list
Variable gauge :
By location :
North America
South America
Europe
Australia :
4 ft 8 in gauge railways are railways with a track gauge of 4 ft 8 in / 1,422 mm. This gauge is 1⁄2 inch (13 mm) less than 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge The first such railways were the Killingworth Railway and the Stockton and Darlington Railway

## Similar gauges

* The Huddersfield Corporation Tramways, 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm), the gauge is 3⁄4 inch (19 mm) less than 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
* The Glasgow Corporation Tramways, 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)
* The Washington Metro 4 ft 8+1⁄4 in (1,429 mm), the gauge is 1⁄4 inch (6 mm) less than 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
* The trams in Nuremberg for one time nominally used 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in), the gauge is 1⁄8 inch (3 mm) less than 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
* The MTR uses 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in) on most lines.
* The Bucharest Metro uses 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in)

## Railways

| Country / territory | System / RR name | Notes |
| Netherlands | Trams in Amsterdam | In operation. Converted to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) between 1900 and 1906 |
| New Zealand | Trams in Dunedin | Defunct |
| UK | Clarence Railway | Became part of the North Eastern Railway in 1865 |
| UK | Hetton colliery railway | Closed in 1959 |
| UK | Killingworth Colliery railway Killingworth Railway Killingworth tramway Killingworth wagonway | Four different names for the same line. Defunct |
| UK | Stockton and Darlington Railway | Became part of the North Eastern Railway in 1863 |
| USA | Centreville Military Railroad | Defunct |
| USA | Green Mountain Cog Railway | |
| USA | Los Angeles and Independence Railroad | |
| USA | Manassas Gap Railroad | |
| USA | Montgomery and West Point Railroad | |
| USA | Mount Washington Cog Railway | In operation |
| USA | New Orleans and Carrollton Railroad | Became the St. Charles Streetcar Line, converted to 5 ft 2+1⁄2 in (1,588 mm) |
| USA | North Carolina Railroad | |
| USA | Pontchartrain Railroad | |
| USA | Raleigh and Gaston Railroad | |
| USA | Richmond, Petersburg and Carolina Railroad | |
| USA | Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad | |
| USA | West Feliciana Railroad | |
| USA | Western North Carolina Railroad | |
| USA | Wilmington and Weldon Railroad | |
# Christopher Parkinson

Christopher or Chris Parkinson may refer to:
* Christopher Parkinson (MP) for Berwick-upon-Tweed (UK Parliament constituency)
* Chris Parkinson (musician), British folk musician
* Chris Parkinson (poet), British poet and prankster
* Chris Parkinson (broadcaster), New Zealand broadcaster
# Columbella mercatoria

Columbella mercatoria is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Columbellidae, the dove snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 14.6 mm.