OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frederic Fisher

Admiral Sir Frederic William Fisher KCVO (5 October 1851 – 23 December 1943) was a Royal Navy officer who became President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich.

## Naval career

Born the son of Captain William Fisher and the younger brother of John Fisher, Fisher joined the Royal Navy around 1870. He was given command of the cruiser HMS Grafton in 1898 and the battleship HMS Collingwood in 1899. In early February 1900 it was announced that Fisher would be appointed in command of the battleship HMS Illustrious, but the appointment was cancelled, and he remained in charge of Collingwood for another couple of months. On 18 April 1901, he commissioned at Chatham the pre-dreadnought battleship HMS Revenge, which was to serve both as coast guard ship at Portland and flagship of Rear-Admiral Sir Gerard Noel, Admiral Superintendent of Naval Reserves. He received command of the battleship HMS Canopus in 1904. He went on to be Admiral Superintendent of Malta Dockyard in 1907 and President of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich in 1911 before retiring in 1914.
# Genetic stock center

Genetic stock centers are collections of pure genetic stock available for use in research. They are often housed at research universities, and include everything from single cell life to plants, fish, and small mammals such as mice and rats. Genetic Stock Centers often charge for research stock on a two tier scale, with non profit researchers getting stock at a lower cost than commercial researchers. Dr Myron Gordon, for example, established the Xiphophorus genetic stock center in 1939 to raise pure strains when he realized that certain Xiphophorus hybrids would be useful in cancer research. He understood that his research could not be duplicated by other scientists without pure genetic stock to use as a base. The strains that Dr Gordon started remain pure and are used to this day.
# Frösakull

Frösakull (Swedish pronunciation:) is a locality situated in Halmstad Municipality, Halland County, Sweden, with 1,635 inhabitants in 2010, and it's named after the Norse god, Freyr.
# Evergestis lupalis

Evergestis lupalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Spain.
The wingspan is 26–33 mm. Adults are on wing in July.

## Subspecies

* Evergestis lupalis lupalis (Spain: Sierra Nevada)
* Evergestis lupalis poecilalis Zerny, 1935 (Spain: Sierra de Gredos)
# Evergestis merceti

Evergestis merceti is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Spain.
The wingspan is 29–31 mm. Adults are on wing from September to October.
The larvae probably feed on Biscutella species.
# Al Bahiyah

Al Bahiyah is a small village near the coast in the Lahij Governorate of south-western Yemen. It is located 54.4 km east by road from Hisn Murad.
# Al-Qalam University

Al-Qalam University, Katsina (AUK), formerly known as Katsina University, Katsina (KUK) is located in Dutsinma Road, Katsina State, Nigeria. Established in 2005, it is the second private Islamic institution in Nigeria.
The University currently runs six schools/colleges: The College of Social and Management Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, College of Education, College of Humanities, College of Post Graduate Studies, and School of Basic and Remedial Studies. It awards 22 undergraduate degrees (among which five courses offer both full-time and part-time programs), 11 master's programs, and nine PhD programmes, all accredited by the National Universities Commission (NUC). The programs of study in the university are as follows:

## Library

Bilya Sanda (Khadimul Islam) library was established in 2005 to serves the university students, academic staff and the university community and also provide information resources in support of its teaching and research mandate.

## College of Humanities

* B.A. Hausa language
* B.A. Arabic
* B.A. English language
* B.A. Islamic studies

## College of Natural & Applied Sciences

* BSc. Biological science
* BSc. Chemistry
* BSc. Physics
* BSc. Mathematics
* BSc. Computer science

## College of Education

* B.A./Ed Arabic
* B.A./Ed Hausa
* B.A./Ed Islamic Studies
* B.A./Ed English Language
* B.A./Ed Mathematics
* B.A./Ed Physics
* B.A./Ed Chemistry
* B.A./Ed Biology
* B.A./Ed Geography

## College of Social & Management Sciences

* BSc. Accounting (part-time and full-time)
* BSc. Business administration (part-time and full-time)
* BSc. Economics (part-time and full-time)
* BSc. Political science (part-time and full-time)
* BSc. Sociology (part-time and full-time)

## College of Post Graduate Studies

* M.A. Arabic
* M.A. Islamic Studies
* M.A. English
* MBA
* MSc. Accounting
* MSc. Business Administration
* MSc. Computer Science
* MSc. Economics
* MSc. Mathematics
* MSc. Political Science
* MSc. Sociology
* Ph.D Accounting
* Ph.D Arabic
* Ph.D Business Administration
* Ph.D Computer Science
* Ph.D Economics
* Ph.D English
* Ph.D Islamic Studies
* Ph.D Mathematics
* Ph.D Political Science

## School of Basic & Remedial Studies

* Remedial
* IJMB
* Pre-Degree
# Al Qasha

Al Qasha was the capital of the Alawi sheikhdom in south Yemen. It is a small city bordering northern Yemen.

## History

The city was founded by sheikh Sayel Bin Alawi Al Rabaa in 1743, after he left his home in Najran, present day Saudi Arabia, to avoid problems between his family, the Hepatullah royal family of Najran, and his wife's family, the Hameduldeen royal family. He started his own sheikhdom of Al Alawi in Al Qasha in order to create a safe place for his family and people.
The Alawi sheikhdom remained until 1967.
# Alastair Lansley

Alastair Lansley CBE (born 1 December 1947) is a British architect.
Alastair Lansley was the lead architect for the reconstruction and rebuilding of London's St Pancras Station as terminus of the High Speed 1 line from the Channel Tunnel to London. His work at St Pancras includes the construction of a new 13 platform extension deck in a modern manner; reconstruction of the west side of the station (made necessary by the construction of the new Thameslink station box below) in a historically based Neo-gothic manner in the style of Sir George Gilbert Scott; as well as the refurbishment of the original station building by Scott and William Barlow.
Lansley was also Lead Architect for Stratford and Ebbsfleet International Stations, which were designed by project architect Mark Fisher. These stations extends the language of Mies van der Rohe in a contemporary context, and form a close stylistic bond with the new station extension at St Pancras.
A series of BBC television programmes, The Eight Hundred Million Pound Railway Station, were broadcast as six 30-minute episodes between 13‒28 November 2007. In this series the project that was to become St. Pancras International station was shown during the different phases of construction.
Lansley is a former member of British Rail's architects' department. He worked with lead architect Nick Derbyshire, on the £110 million reshaping of London's Liverpool Street Station in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
It has been reported that a project to rebuild the Euston Arch as part of the redevelopment of Euston Station could be led by Lansley. Rebuilding the Arch has been linked to Euston's potential role of London terminus for the future High Speed 2 link to Birmingham and beyond.
Lansley was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours.

## Publications

* Lansley, Alastair; Durant, Stuart (2011). The Transformation of St Pancras Station. London: Laurence King. ISBN 978-1-85669-882-5.
# Exhibit A (art exhibition)

Exhibit A was an art exhibition in the galleries of the Serpentine Gallery, London, from May 7—June 7, 1992.

## Theme and content

The eight artists whose work was showcased were selected by curator Henry Bond for their ongoing interest in the exhibition's key theme: art exploring perceptions of evidential fact particularly in the context of the crime scene. The art historian Ian Jeffrey wrote,
   It is the opposite, Exhibit A, to a sensational exhibition, and crystallises a turning in the art world away from the egotistical mode towards impersonality. The egotistical, it admits, is a delusion ... its premises are anonymous, fluent, vertiginous, wary of values. Anything else would emerge as a cliché ... it is, in fact, a properly phenomenological exhibition, one which refuses to differentiate between subject and object, between perception and the moments and occasions of perception.
One of the works on view was a slide-installation, shown in a darkened room, by artist Mat Collishaw, which presented the viewer with a rapid-fire sequence of stills of Jodie Foster dancing as she appeared in the "rape scene", in Jonathan Kaplan's 1988 movie The Accused.

## Exhibited artists

* Mat Collishaw
* Catherine Yass
* Cesare Pietroiusti
* Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster
* Damien Hirst
* Sam Samore
* Hirsch Perlman
* Cindy Bernard
# Albert Bruce Jackson

Albert Bruce Jackson (14 February 1876, in Newbury, Berkshire – 14 January 1947, in Kew) was a British botanist and dendrologist. He worked as an assistant the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew from 1907 to 1910 and later at the British Museum from 1932 to his death in 1947.

## Partial bibliography

* Catalogue of Hardy Trees and Shrubs Growing in the Grounds of Syon House. 1910.
* Catalogue of Hardy Trees and Shrubs growing at Albury Park, Surrey. 1913. hdl:2027/mdp.39015059783996.
* Catalogue of the Trees and Shrubs [at Westonbirt] in the Collection of the Late Lieut.-Col. Sir George Lindsay Holford. 1927. hdl:2027/mdp.39015015202214.
* A Handbook of Coniferæ including Ginkgoaceæ with William Dallimore, 1923
* Catalogue of the Trees and Shrubs (excluding Rhododendrons) at Borde Hill. 1935.
* Identification of Conifers, 1946
# Alain Gest

Alain Gest (born 27 December 1950 in Amiens, Somme) is a French politician. He was elected on 16 June 2002 to the 12th French National Assembly, representing the sixth district of Somme. He was reelected on 17 June 2007 to the 13th French National Assembly. He is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement party.
# Expeditionary Combat Support System

The Expeditionary Combat Support System (ECSS) was a failed enterprise resource planning software project undertaken by the United States Air Force (USAF) between 2005 and 2012. The goal of the project was to automate and streamline the USAF's logistics operations by, in part, consolidating and replacing over 200 separate legacy systems.
The project was undertaken to develop a single integrated enterprise resource planning system built using commercial off-the-shelf software, aimed at tracking all of its physical assets and making efficiency savings.
The purpose of the system was to enable the organisation to track all of its physical assets including airplanes, fuel, and even spare parts. The ECSS program was established through two main contracts. The first contract was with the database software company Oracle, to supply the commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software. The second contract was with the Computer Science Corporation (CSC), to amalgamate the COTS software into the existing Air Force infrastructure.
After spending $1.1 billion on its development, the USAF concluded in 2012 that the system, "has not yielded any significant military capability" and estimated that, "it would require an additional $1.1B for about a quarter of the original scope to continue and fielding would not be until 2020." Based on that conclusion, the USAF canceled the program in November 2012. United States Senate Committee on Armed Services members Carl Levin and John McCain characterized the failed project as "one of the most egregious examples of mismanagement in recent memory."
# Expeditionary Medal

An Expeditionary Medal is a United States military award which is awarded to its military personnel for deployment to a foreign region to participate in a campaign or conflict. Expeditionary medals are unique to the United States Armed Forces, but similar medals are commonly known as campaign medals or service medals in foreign militaries. The United States also awards campaign and service medals for service in specific countries or regions while expeditionary medals are frequently awarded for service in regions and nations for which there is no specific service medal, or the specific service medal for that country or region is not approved or currently awarded. Expeditionary medals are considered superior to (ranked above) campaign service medals (in the order of display) and normally ranked below individual commendation decorations.
In the United States armed forces, the following expeditionary medals are maintained:
* Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
* Navy Expeditionary Medal
* Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal
* Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal
* Merchant Marine Expeditionary Medal
# F. W. Hutchinson

Francis William Hutchinson (1910–1990) was an engineer, and a pioneer in HVAC research.
Hutchinson graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 1931, and received an M.S. and M.E. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1937. He was a professor of engineering at Berkeley and at Purdue University. At Purdue, he established a solar energy research program in which two experimental solar houses (one with large double glazed windows) were built on the Purdue campus in the summer of 1945. By analyzing this experiment, Hutchinson concluded that the solar gain through the double glazed house was greater than the excess heat loss. This study led to the manufacture of Thermopane glass in 1946, which is widely used in modern architecture.
Hutchinson was the author or co-author of 178 papers & articles and 14 books on industrial topics. He was a member of ASHRAE Hall of Fame.
# F. W. Hughes

Fred William Hughes (12 September 1869 – 18 August 1950) was an Australian businessman, pastoralist and racehorse owner. Beginning as a wool classer, he built up a business empire that included agricultural holdings and the processing of meat, wool and animal byproducts.

## Early life

Hughes was born on 12 September 1869 in Brisbane, Queensland, the son of Sarah (née McLaren) and Henry Benjamin Hughes. His father was a butcher. After a period as a farmhand he began working for Thomas Geddes & Co., a wool-scouring firm in Sydney. He developed expertise in wool classing and was an assistant wool-valuer by the age of 18, eventually becoming manager of the wool-scouring works.

## Business career

By 1894, Hughes was associated with the Sydney Wool Scouring Company, which took over the Geddes operations at the Buckland Mills in Waterloo. In 1898 he moved the plant to Botany. The Waterloo factory was repurposed for the production of tallow, and in 1900 the local board of health fined Hughes 40 shillings, in response to a petition from local residents complaining about "almost unbearable smells" from the rendering of fat. The tallow operation was not successful and the Waterloo factory was auctioned off.
In 1908, Hughes combined his business ventures into F. W. Hughes Limited with himself as managing director. His holdings included the Colonial Wholesale Meat Co. Ltd, which engaged in meat processing, fellmongering, tanning, and the manufacture of glue. His Colonial Combing, Spinning and Weaving Company was formed in partnership with E. A. Coghlan and benefited from the federal government's introduction of a bounty for the production of wool top. This allowed for an expansion into the wool export market and by 1914 the company had an output of 3,000,000 pounds (1,400,000 kg), which doubled during World War I. Hughes' processing facilities at Botany had 1,000 employees and covered almost 13 acres (5.3 ha).
Hughes employed former prime minister Chris Watson as a lobbyist and maintained good relations with the Australian Textile Workers' Union. After World War I he visited Japan and secured a substantial contract for wool tops, also exporting to Canada, China, Mexico, Greece and England. He expanded into grazing in 1925 with the acquisition of Welbondongah, near Moree, New South Wales, and later bought properties near Wagga Wagga, Tumut, and Kooba. He reputedly had over 600,000 sheep by the end of World War II.

## Personal life

Hughes married Matilda Morris (née Hawthorne) in Sydney on 7 September 1898. He was widowed in 1935 and died at his home in Edgecliff on 18 August 1950.

### Racehorses

Hughes bought his first racehorses after the death of his wife and began a thoroughbred stud at Kooba. He owned over 300 horses and produced 270 winners. He notably won the Metropolitan Handicap (Dashing Cavalier, 1941; Nightbream, 1944), the Melbourne Cup (Hiraji, 1947), The Thousand Guineas (Nizam's Ring, 1947), The Oaks (Nizam's Ring, 1947; Grey Nurse, 1948), and the Breeders' Plate (Nirandoll, 1949). He was not able to attend his Melbourne Cup victory due to ill health.
# Express FM

Express FM is a private Tunisian radio station specializing in economics which was founded on October 21, 2010 by Mourad Gueddiche and Naoufel Ben Rayana, co-founders of Maghreb Productions Communication (MPC). Express FM is the fifth-launched private radio station in Tunisia.

## Key people

* Karim Benamor, Head of Programming
* Najoua Rahoui, General Manager
# Eyd (disambiguation)

Eyd or EYD may refer to:
* Chah-e Eyd, a village in Iran
* Perfected Spelling (Indonesian), the Enhanced Indonesian Spelling System
* Eurovision Young Dancers, a dance competition
# Alan Little (academic)

Alan Neville Little, JP (12 July 1934 – 18 October 1986) was a British social scientist.

## Biography

Alan Neville Little was born on 12 July 1934, the son of Charles Henry Little and Lilian Little. In 1955, he married Dr Valerie Hopkinson; they had three children. Little studied at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), receiving a Bachelor of Science degree (BSc) in sociology and doctorate (PhD) in economics. He lectured at the LSE from 1959 to 1966 and then spent two years as a consultant at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In 1968, he was appointed director of research and statistics at the Inner London Education Authority (ILEA). He then worked for the Community Relations Commission from 1973 to 1978, when he was appointed Lewisham Professor of Social Administration at Goldsmiths' College, University of London, in succession to Robert Pinker. He remained in the post until his death on 18 October 1986. Outside of academia, he had been a Justice of the Peace for Bromley since 1966 and was involved in the organisation of the Social Science Research Council.
Little's published works included Development of Secondary Education: Trends and Implications (1969), Strategies of Compensation (1971), Homelessness and Unemployment (1974), Urban Deprivation, Racial Inequality and Social Policy (1977), Multi-Ethnic Education: The Way Forward (1981), Loading the Law (1982), Studies in the Multi-Ethnic Curriculum (1983) and Race and Social Work (1986).
# Anicetus Bongsu Antonius Sinaga

Anicetus Bongsu Antonius Sinaga, OFM Cap (25 September 1941 – 7 November 2020) was the Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Sibolga and then Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Medan from 2009 to 2018.

## Biography

Sinaga was born in Nagadolok in Simalungun, Dutch East Indies, and was ordained to the priesthood in 1969. He served as a bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sibolga, Indonesia from 1981 until 2004, when he was installed as Coadjutor Archbishop of the archdiocese Medan. He was appointed archbishop of Medan in 2009, succeeding Alfred Gonti Pius Datubara. He was a member of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. In addition to his life as clergy Sinaga has also written about Toba spirituality, later publishing a book expanding on his dissertation from Catholic University of Leuven titled The Toba-Batak High God: Transcendence and Immanence.
Pope Francis accepted his resignation as Archbishop of Medan on 7 December 2018.
On 20 October 2020, it was reported that Sinaga had tested positive for the COVID-19 virus. Sinaga died in hospital on 7 November 2020.
# Digama budonga

Digama budonga is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in Uganda.
# Fred Bridges

Fred Bridges (October 8, 1938-January 19, 2018) was an American record producer and musician.
His parents Thomas Jones and Clara Law moved to Detroit as part of the Great Migration. Bridges became interested in music at an early age and created his first band in middle school, called the Melody Skylarks. Throughout high school, Bridges created other bands and joined singing competitions.
In 1956, Bridges married and soon had two children. In 1958, he entered the United States Air Force where he also created a band, THE MARCELS. In 1960, Bridges left the Air Force and traveled back to Detroit where he got a job as a machine operator. This lasted for four years, but Bridges spent most of his time trying to enter into the music industry. He started writing music in 1961. Bridges son met up with Robert Bateman. In 1963, Bridges met up with Aron Hicks and Bridges soon produced many albums of his own. Richard Knight (soon to be replaced by Ben Knight), Robert Eaton, and Bridges were now a powerful group producing albums.
In 1967, during the riots in Detroit, the group felt they were writing a hit, "Dream". They showed it off to Ricardo Williams who was impressed. Williams opened up a label for the group. Bridges knew they needed a new name, which they came up with Brothers of Soul. The peak years for the group were from 1968 to 1969. The group was able to put more than 40 songs on disc.
In 1970, Bridges married for the second time and had three more children. By 1980, Bridges decided to leave the Brothers of Soul and become the road manager of the Four Tops.
Fred Bridges continued to reside in Detroit until his death.
# Gelber

Gelber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexis Gelber, Goldsmith Fellow at the John F. Kennedy School of Government
* Arthur Gelber, CC (1915–1998), Canadian philanthropist
* Beatrice Gelber, American psychologist
* Bruno Leonardo Gelber (born 1941), Argentine classical pianist
* Dan Gelber (born 1960), former prosecutor, member of the Florida Senate
* Dan Gelber (game designer), co-creator of the Paranoia role-playing game
* Jack Gelber (1932–2003), American playwright known for his 1959 drama The Connection
* Jordan Gelber (born 1975), American actor
* Lady Henrietta Gelber (born 1958), English interior decorator and founder of Woodstock Designs
* Lee Gelber (1938–2020), American tour guide and urban historian
* Lionel Gelber, Canadian diplomat who founded the Lionel Gelber Prize in 1989
* Mark H. Gelber (born 1951), American-Israeli scholar of German-Jewish literature and culture
* Marvin Gelber (1912–1990), Liberal party member of the Canadian House of Commons
* Moscovici Gelber (1895–1938), Romanian socialist and communist activist
* Wylie Gelber (born 1988), American bassist and guitar maker, founding member of the band Dawes
* Yoav Gelber (born 1943), professor of history at the University of Haifa
# 1478 in Ireland

Events from the year 1478 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Lord: Edward IV

## Deaths

* 18 February – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, third son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York (born 1449).
* John Butler, 6th Earl of Ormonde.
# Eyck

Eyck may refer to:
* Eyck Zimmer (born 1969), German born English chef
* Carolina Eyck (born 1987), German musician
* Charles Eyck (1897-1983), Dutch visual artist
* Erich Eyck (1878–1964), German historian
# Ewelina Szybiak

Ewelina Szybiak (born 13 September 1989) is a Polish racing cyclist. She rode at the 2014 UCI Road World Championships.