OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frederick A.O. Schwarz Jr.

Frederick August Otto "Fritz" Schwarz Jr. (born April 20, 1935) is an American lawyer born in New York City.

## Family and early life

Schwarz was born in New York City, the great-grandson of German-American Frederick August Otto Schwarz, the founder of the Fifth Avenue toy store, F.A.O. Schwarz. His family sold the majority interest in the toy store in 1963.
He graduated from Harvard University in 1957 and received a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1960. In 1960, he organized picketing at a Woolworth store in sympathy with black demonstrators in Greensboro, N.C.
He married Marian in 1959. She has served as New York City's Coordinator of Youth Services. They have three children, Eric, a reporter for The Patriot Ledger in Quincy, Massachusetts, and founder of Citizen Schools; Adair and Eliza.

## Career

In 1960, he worked as a law clerk for Chief Judge J. Edward Lumbard, Second Circuit United States Court of Appeals. In 1961, he went to Nigeria helping organize the laws of the newly independent country. His experiences were the basis of his 1966 book, Nigeria: The Tribes, The Nation or the Race.
In 1963, he joined Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP becoming a partner in 1969. In 1975-76, he was chief counsel to the United States Senate Committee on Intelligence, known as the Church Committee. This work among other things, uncovered Central Intelligence Agency plots against foreign leaders and other illegal activities of American intelligence agencies at home and abroad.
The Senate committee work led to a post as an unpaid consultant to Vice President Walter Mondale. In 1977 he was named by President Jimmy Carter to a committee that helped select William H. Webster as the new Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Schwarz became head of the New York City Law Department in 1982. "At the time, his law firm, which takes on considerable public-interest litigation, was suing the Federal Census Bureau on the city's behalf, challenging a loss of aid based on undercounted minorities."
In his City Hall tenure, he defended victims of bias against homosexuals and minority hiring programs, advocated inclusion of AIDS victims in city classrooms, pressed the Reagan Administration to account for illegal cuts in disability benefits for New Yorkers and, amid scandals, helped reshape ethics and lobbying laws. He served as Corporation Counsel for four years, on leave from his law firm.
Schwarz retired from Cravath at the end of 2001, and was named Senior Counsel in 2002. He is also currently Chief Counsel at the Brennan Center for Justice at the New York University School of Law. On April 30, 2014, he was awarded the prestigious Ridenhour Courage Prize by The Nation Institute, which cited his lifelong pursuit of just and accountable government, including "his call for a full, wide, and no-holds-barred investigation of the abuses by the NSA and other intelligence agencies."
# Frederick Tate (cricketer)

Frederick Tate (6 June 1844 — 24 April 1935) was an English professional first-class cricketer.
The son of Thomas Turner Tate, he was born at Lyndhurst in June 1844. Having played club cricket for both Southgate Cricket Club and Lyndhurst, he made his debut in first-class cricket for Hampshire against Lancashire at Old Trafford in 1870. On debut, he took a five wicket haul in Lancashire first innings with figures of 6 for 63. Tate played later that season against Lancashire in the return fixture at Southampton. Having spent four seasons as cricket coach for Trinity College, Cambridge, Tate began his association with Richmond Cricket Club in 1873. He returned to play two first-class matches for Hampshire in 1876, against Derbyshire and Kent. With his roundarm fast bowling, he took 13 wickets in first-class cricket at an average of 11.30. He was noted by Wisden as being "a safe field, usually in the slips or at point". In addition to playing, Tate also stood as an umpire in a single first-class match between Hampshire and Sussex at Hove in 1881. Tate died at Lyndhurst in April 1935. His brother, Henry, also played first-class cricket.
# French naval base of Djibouti

The French naval base of Djibouti, also known as the Naval base of Héron, is located in East Africa in Djibouti.
# French ship Pallas

At least two ships of the French Navy have been named Pallas:
* French frigate Pallas (1821) a Téméraire-class ship of the line launched in 1813 as Colosse and renamed Pallas in 1821 on conversion to a frigate
* French submarine Pallas (1938) a Minerve-class submarine launched in 1938 and scuttled in 1942
# French submarine Argonaute (1905)

The French submarine Argonaute was an experimental attack submarine built for the French Navy between 1903 and 1911. Initially named Omega, Argonaute was laid down in January 1903, launched in November 1905 and commissioned in 1911. She was essentially an experimental submarine, and although in service during World War I, saw no action. Argonaute was decommissioned in 1919.

## Design

Omega was designed by Émile Bertin and Emmanuel Petithomme. Initially, Omega was to be equipped with a special diesel engine to power the submarine both on the surface and submerged, but the failure of the concept on the French submarine Z forced the constructors to install a steam engine and an electric motor instead.
Argonaute had a surfaced displacement of 306 long tons (311 tonnes) and a submerged displacement of 409 long tons (416 t). Her dimensions were 48.92 metres (160 feet 6 inches) long, with a beam of 4.2 m (13 ft 9 in) and a draught of 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in). She had a single shaft powered by one triple expansion steam engine of 350 horsepower (261 kilowatts) with steam from one boiler and an electric motor which produced 234 hp (174 kW) for submerged propulsion. The maximum speed was 10.25 knots (18.98 kilometres per hour; 11.80 miles per hour) on the surface and 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) while submerged with a surfaced range of 1,076 nautical miles (1,993 kilometres; 1,238 miles) at 8 knots (15 km/h) and a submerged range of 45 nautical miles (83 km) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h). Her complement was 22 men.
The submarine's armament comprised two 450 mm (17.7 in) bow torpedo tubes, two 450 mm (17.7 in) Drzewiecki drop collar torpedo launchers and two torpedoes in external cradles.

## Construction and career

Omega was built in the Arsenal de Toulon. She was laid down in January 1903 and was launched on 28 November 1905. On 27 September 1910, the ship was renamed "Argonaute", and was commissioned in January 1911.
Argonaute served in the Mediterranean Sea until 20 May 1919, when it was struck from the Navy list.
# Antoine de Ratabon

Antoine de Ratabon (1617 – 12 March 1670) was a French aristocrat who served as an arts and architecture administrator during the reign of Louis XIV. He was the first Director of the Académie de Peinture et de Sculpture from 1655 to 1670 as well as the Surintendant des Bâtiments (Superintendent of Buildings) from 1656 to 1664.

## Early life and career

Ratabon was born in Montpellier, the son of Jean de Ratabon, an equerry, and Catherine Pache from Servien, near Mende. He became Maître d'Hôtel Ordinaire of King Louis XIV, Trésorier Général de France at Montpellier, and Intendant des Gabelles of Languedoc.

## Bâtiments du Roi

In Paris he became First Assistant to François Sublet de Noyers, who was the Surintendant des Bâtiments under Cardinal Richelieu, and continued in this role under Étienne Le Camus, who succeeded Sublet de Noyers as Surintendant after the latter's dismissal under Cardinal Mazarin in 1643. Ratabon succeeded Le Camus in 1656. Ratabon relinquished the post to Jean-Baptiste Colbert on 1 January 1664.
In his role as Surintendant des Bâtiments, Ratabon ordered the demolition of the Hôtel du Petit-Bourbon in October 1660 to make way for the eastward expansion of the Louvre and construction of the Louvre Colonnade. The order resulted in the eviction without warning of the troupe of Molière from the theatre of the Petit Bourbon and their transfer to the disused and run-down theatre of the Palais-Royal.

## Personal life

By a contract of 1 March 1647, Ratabon married Marie Sanguin, daughter of Nicolas Sanguin, an equerry and sieur de Pierrelaye. The eight-year-old Louis XIV, his mother Anne d'Autriche, and Cardinal Mazarin were all present and signed the contract. The couple had several children of which three survived into adulthood:
* Louis de Ratabon (died September 1693), seigneur de Trememont, Gentleman of the Chambre du Roi, Governor of Fécamp, and Special Envoy for the King to Liège, Venice and other foreign places.
* Marie-Marguerite de Ratabon (1652–1736), married Louis Verjus, Seigneur et Comte de Crécy, in 1676.
* Martin of Ratabon [fr] (1654–1728), Bishop of Ypres as well as Viviers
In 1664 Ratabon constructed a house, the Hôtel de Ratabon, to the designs of the architect Pierre Le Muet on a site on the western border of the garden of the Palais-Royal, now 10 rue de Richelieu in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. He died in this house in 1670. It was destroyed in 1873.
# Freire de Andrade

Freire de Andrade may refer to:
* Bernardim Freire de Andrade (1759–1809), Portuguese Army general officer who was lynched by his own troops during the Peninsular War
* Gomes Freire de Andrade, Portuguese cavalry captain and one of the Forty Conspirators
* Gomes Freire de Andrade (1757–1817), Portuguese general officer who served in the Portuguese Legion (Legião Portuguesa) in Russia
* Manuel Freire de Andrade (c. 1767–1834), Spanish cavalry officer and general during the Peninsular War
# Friedrich Schlie

Friedrich Schlie (12 December 1839, Brüel, Mecklenburg-Schwerin – 21 July 1902, Bad Kissingen) was a German art historian and archaeologist.

## Life

As the son of a Kantor and teacher, Schlie was taught by private tuition until his graduation examination in Rostock in 1863. He then studied philology and art history at the University of Rostock and University of Munich, graduating in 1867. Next he worked for 2 years as an auxiliary secretary at the Prussian Archaeological Institute in Rome. From 1869 he worked as a teacher at the several secondary schools in Mecklenburg before in 1877 becoming director of the Schweriner Kunstmuseum.
Friedrich Schlie received several honours, being made a Hofrat in 1882, Professor in 1891 and Geheimer Hofrat in 1899. He was a corresponding member of the Archaeological Institute in Rome and Berlin, as well as a permanent member of the committee of the international art historical congress. He also worked for the Society of Mecklenburgische History and Antiquity. In the years 1898 to 1902, he published his comprehensive five volume work "Kunst- und Geschichtsdenkmäler des Großherzogtums Mecklenburg-Schwerin" (Art and Art History of the Great-Dukedom of Mecklenburg-Schwerin"). He was also a friend and promoter of the famous archeologist Heinrich Schliemann.
A 1902 marble bust of Schlie by Ludwig Brunow is to be found in the Staatl. Museum Schwerin.

## Sources

* Hans-Günter Buchholz: Die Archäologenfreundschaft zwischen Heinrich Schliemann und Friedrich Schlie. Der Briefwechsel zweier bedeutender Archäologen, Mitteilungen aus dem Heinrich-Schliemann-Museum Ankershagen 3 (1995)
# Anu Partanen

Anu Partanen (born 1975) is a Finnish journalist living in the United States. She became a naturalized American citizen in 2013. Her book The Nordic Theory of Everything: In Search of a Better Life was published in June 2016 by HarperCollins.
In March 2016, Partanen's article "What Americans Don't Get About Nordic Countries" was published in The Atlantic. The article was shared 130,000 times on Facebook in six days. Partanen has also written for The New York Times and Helsingin Sanomat. Before she moved to the United States, she performed as a regular commentator on a journalist's panel discussion program on Yle TV2.
Partanen is married to American writer Trevor Corson.
# Frillfin goby

The frillfin goby (Bathygobius soporator) is a species of marine fish in the genus Bathygobius.

## Description

The frillfin goby is a usually dark colored goby with mottled coloring of black, gray, and tan, but body color is variable between habitats. It has a thin, gray-green first dorsal fin and a trailing second dorsal fin of the same color. Its brown eyes are proportionally large. Its cheeks are large. The caudal, anal, pectoral, and pelvic fins are a transparent yellow. The pelvic fins of the frillfin goby has one spine and five rays that are close together.

## Intelligence

The frillfin goby is capable of cognitive mapping: it can create a mental map of the typography of the intertidal zones around. This allows the fish to leap to a neighbouring pool without the risk of falling on the dry rock "doomed to die in the sun". We believed that such capacity of intelligence was exclusive to humans until discovered in rats in the late 1940s.

## Diet

The frillfin goby feeds on small crustaceans, like copepods, and small fishes like the tilapia fry. The frillfin can also feed on insects, detritus, bivalves, and gastropods.

## Habitat

Individuals are often found in tide pools, around mangrove trees, or in sheltered seagrass beds. The Frillfin goby can be found in marine, brackish, and even freshwater, and it can tolerate a wide range of salinities.

## Reproduction and lifecycle

The female goby lays her fertilized eggs on a hard, sheltered surface, such as the inside of an empty conch shell. The male can mate with several females, and each mate lays her eggs in a single location. The cluster is then protected by the male until the eggs hatch. These males are often extremely territorial, and chase off intruders. The young gobies can grow to an average of about 7.5 cm in length.

## Distribution

This species is found in the Gulf of Mexico. It prefers inshore shallows especially near rocks and pilings.

## Importance to humans

Although rare, the frillfin goby has been seen in the aquarium trade.
# Freilichtbühne Ötigheim

Freilichtbühne Ötigheim is an open-air theatre in Ötigheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
48°53′02″N 8°13′55″E﻿ / ﻿48.88389°N 8.23194°E﻿ / 48.88389; 8.23194
* This German theatre-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about a Baden-Württemberg building or structure is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Frijole Ranch

The Frijole Ranch, also known as Guadalupe Ranch, Spring Hill Ranch and the Rader-Smith Ranch, is located in Guadalupe Mountains National Park in extreme west Texas. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 21, 1978, and represents a significant period in the settlement and ranching of the Guadalupe Mountains.

## History

The ranch was built about 1876 by the Rader Brothers in the Guadalupe Mountains next to Frijole Spring and comprises seven buildings: the ranch house, a bunkhouse, a barn, a double outhouse, a springhouse, a shed, and a school house. With the exception of the barn and school house, the buildings are constructed of local stone rubble, and all buildings are surrounded by a stone rubble wall. The complex represents the most complete early ranching operation in the Guadalupe Mountains. The ranch was built in close proximity to several other springs, whose surrounding area was inhabited by Native Americans from prehistory.
The Rader brothers, the first settlers on the southeast side of the mountains, left the area in the late 1880s. The Herring family of North Carolina occupied the ranch for a time between the late 1880s and 1895, with Herring daughter Ida marrying George W. Wolcott in 1888. The Wolcotts moved to Midland, Texas in 1895. The Smith family occupied the previously vacant ranch from 1906, calling it "Spring Hill Ranch." The Smiths expanded the ranch and operated a truck farm, expanding the farm house and building the bunkhouse and school house. They invested in a hydraulic ram to pump water and installed a carbide lamp system in the house, later changing to electric lights operated by a wind generator. The Smiths operated a post office at the site from 1916 to 1942.
John Smith sold the ranch to Judge Jesse Coleman Hunter of Van Horn, Texas for $55,000 in 1942 and moved to Hawley, Texas. Hunter assembled the "Guadalupe Mountains Ranch" of 43,000 acres (17,000 ha), producing, among other things, mohair wool. The ranch house was the home of ranch foreman Noel Kincaid from 1942 to 1969. Hunter began to advocate the region for a national park in 1925. Hunter's son, J.C. Junior, inherited the ranch in 1945 and continued his father's work, expanding the ranch to 67,213 acres (27,200 ha), eventually selling the land to the National Park Service in 1966 for $1.5 million.

## National Park

The ranch buildings were used by the National Park Service as employee residence and utility buildings from 1969 to 1980. From 1983 to 1991 the house was a Park Service operations center. The house was restored in 1992 and is an interpretive center and museum, known as the Frijole Ranch Cultural Museum.
# From This Day

"From This Day" is a song by American heavy metal band Machine Head from the album The Burning Red. It was released as a single on October 31, 1999 and is also featured on the band's live album Hellalive.
The music video was directed by Michael Martin.

## Track listing
### Card sleeve promo

* "From This Day" (single version) – 3:07
* "From This Day" (album version) – 3:53
* "Call-Out Hook – 0:12

### European edition

* "From This Day" (single version) – 3:07
* "Alcoholocaust" – 3:42
* "House of Suffering" (Bad Brains cover) – 2:09

### Japanese edition

* "From This Day" – 3:55
* "Desire to Fire" (Live) – 4:39
* "The Blood, the Sweat, the Tears" (Live) – 4:35
* "From This Day" (Live) – 4:29

### Promo white card sleeve

* "From This Day" (single version) – 3:07
* "From This Day" (album version) – 3:53
* "Call-Out Hook – 0:12

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Scotland (OCC) | 74 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 74 |
| UK Rock & Metal (OCC) | 1 |
# From This Moment On!

From This Moment On! is the fourth album led by saxophonist Charles McPherson recorded in 1968 and released on the Prestige label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars with its review by Scott Yanow stating, "Not one of McPherson's most essential releases, as the material and arrangements are just not that strong; nevertheless, the altoist still plays well, and his fans will want to pick up this reissue".

## Track listing

All compositions by Charles McPherson except as indicated
* "Little Sugar Baby" - 4:14
* "Once in a Lifetime" (Leslie Bricusse, Anthony Newley) - 5:11
* "The Good Life" (Sacha Distel, Jack Reardon) - 6:40
* "Like the Way You Shake That Thing" - 3:18
* "From This Moment On" (Cole Porter) - 3:32
* "Without You" (Osvaldo Farrés) - 7:10
* "You've Changed" (Bill Carey, Carl Fischer) - 6:18

## Personnel

* Charles McPherson - alto saxophone
* Cedar Walton - piano
* Pat Martino - guitar
* Peck Morrison - bass
* Lenny McBrowne - drums
# (11436) 1969 QR

(11436) 1969 QR (provisional designation 1969 QR) is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 August 1969, by Czech astronomer Luboš Kohoutek at Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany.

## Description

The S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.9–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,212 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic. As no precoveries were taken, the asteroid's observation arc starts with its discovery observation in 1969.
A rotational lightcurve for this asteroid was published by several Hungarian astronomers in August 2005. The photometric observations gave a rotation period of 2.65 hours with a brightness variation of 0.27 magnitude (U=2).
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of its orbital family – and calculates a diameter of 3.7 kilometers.

## Numbering and naming

This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 28 September 1999. As of 2018, it has not been named.
# (118228) 1996 TQ66

(118228) 1996 TQ$_{66}$ (provisional designation 1996 TQ$_{66}$) is a resonant trans-Neptunian object of the plutino population in the Kuiper belt, located in the outermost region of the Solar System. It was discovered on 8 October 1996, by American astronomers Jun Chen, David Jewitt, Chad Trujillo, and Jane Luu, using the UH88 telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories, Hawaii. The very red object measures approximately 185 kilometers (110 miles) in diameter. As of 2021, it has not been named.

## Orbit and classification

1996 TQ$_{66}$ orbits the Sun at a distance of 34.5–44.2 AU once every 247 years and 1 month (90,254 days; semi-major axis of 39.38 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 15° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at the Mauna Kea Observatories on 8 October 1996. It came to perihelion in 1998. As of 2021, it is at 35.6 AU from the Sun and has an apparent magnitude of 22.85.
1996 TQ$_{66}$ is a trans-Neptunian object and belongs to the plutino population, a large group of objects named after their largest member, Pluto. These resonant trans-Neptunian objects stay in a 2:3 mean-motion orbital resonance with Neptune, orbiting exactly two times the Sun for every three orbits Neptune does and are therefore protected from Neptune's scattering effect. Plutinos are located in the inner rim of the Kuiper belt, a large circumstellar disc of mostly non-resonant classical Kuiper belt objects.

## Numbering and naming

1996 TQ$_{66}$ was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 16 November 2005, receiving the number (118228) in the minor planet catalog (M.P.C. 55524). As of 2021, it has not been named. According to the established naming conventions, it will be given a mythological name associated with the underworld.

## Physical characteristics

1996 TQ$_{66}$ has a very red surface color (RR) in the visible part of the spectrum, with B−V and V–R color indices of 1.190±0.020 and 0.660±0.030, respectively, for a combined B−R magnitude of 1.85. A red surface color is typically associated with the presence of tholins, polymer-like organic compounds, formed by long exposures to solar and cosmic radiation.

### Rotation period

In 1999, results of a photometric survey of Kuiper belt objects by Romanishin and Tegler were published in the Journal Nature. For 1996 TQ$_{66}$, a brightness variation of no more than 0.22 in magnitude could be determined, which is indicative of a modestly irregular shape. As of 2021, no rotational lightcurve for this object has been obtained from photometry. The body's rotation period, pole and actual shape remain unknown.

### Diameter and albedo

Based on a generic magnitude-to-diameter conversion, 1996 TQ$_{66}$ measures approximately 185 kilometers (110 miles) in diameter, for an assumed albedo of 0.9 and an magnitude of 7. According to Mike Brown, who estimates a mean-diameter of 186 km (120 mi), the object is too small for being considered a dwarf planet candidate ("probably not").