# 2019 in brachiopod paleontology

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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2019.

## Research

* A study aiming to reconstruct the life cycle of the Early Cambrian brachiopods is published by Madison & Kuzmina (2019).
* A study on the anatomy of plectambonitoid specimens from the Middle Ordovician of Russia, and on its implications for the knowledge of life cycles of these brachiopods, is published online by Madison & Kuzmina (2019).
* A study on the petrographic and geochemical preservation of Ordovician dalmanelloid shells from the Lexington Formation of Kentucky, Sheguindah Shale of Ontario and the Stony Mountain Formation of Manitoba, aiming to test the hypothesis of paleo-latitudinal zonation of the shelly benthos, is published by Azmy & Jin (2019).
* A study on the phylogenetic relationships among strophomenoid brachiopods and on the biogeographical changes in the strophomenoids through time (focusing on the impact of the Late Ordovician mass extinction on the evolutionary history of strophomenoids) is published by Congreve, Krug & Patzkowsky (2019).
* A study on the internal structure of the shell of Semiplanella carinthica is published by Pakhnevich (2019), who names a new tribe Semiplanellini in the subfamily Gigantoproductinae.
* A study on the diet of species of Gigantoproductus from the Viséan of Derbyshire (United Kingdom), and on its implications for the knowledge of mechanisms that enabled those brachiopod species to reach large sizes, is published by Angiolini et al. (2019).
* A study on the relative importance of brachiopods and bivalves in the fossil assemblages from the Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Breathitt Formation of Kentucky is published by Hsieh, Bush & Bennington (2019).
* Description of a specimen of a Permian brachiopod species Spiriferella protodraschei bearing ventrally directed spiralia (lophophore-supporting, coiled internal structures), and a study on the morphology of these structures and their implications for the knowledge of the feeding system of this brachiopod, is published by Lee et al. (2019).
* A study on the evolution of the body size of brachiopods from the Late Permian to the Middle Triassic, as indicated by brachiopod specimens from South China, is published by Chen et al. (2019).
* A study on the biogeography of Pliensbachian brachiopods in western Tethys Ocean is published online by Vörös & Escarguel (2019).
* A study on changes in the body size of benthic marine brachiopods and bivalves from the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal) before the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event is published by Piazza et al. (2019).
* A study on the impact of the early Toarcian extinction event on fossil brachiopods and bivalves known from the Iberian Range (Spain) is published by Danise et al. (2019).

## New taxa

| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Country | Notes |
| Aegiria apta | Sp. nov | Valid | Huang et al. | Silurian (Rhuddanian) | Zhangwan Formation | China | |
| Alaskorhynchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baranov & Blodgett | Devonian (Pragian) | Soda Creek Limestone | United States | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Eatoniidae. The type species is A. sodacreekensis. |
| Angustothyris dagysi | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Angustothyris qingyanensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Anidanthus parvimucronata | Nom. nov | Valid | He & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | Talung Formation | China | A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae and the subfamily Anidanthinae; a replacement name for Anidanthus mucronata He & Shen in He et al. (2005). |
| Anidanthus subquadratus | Sp. nov | Valid | He, Shi & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | | China | A member of Productida belonging to the family Linoproductidae and the subfamily Anidanthinae. |
| Aporthophyla prisca | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks & Popov | Early Ordovician | | United Kingdom | |
| Arcullina? enokiani | Sp. nov | Valid | Lee & Shi in Lee et al. | Permian (Kungurian) | Kozhim Formation Kozhim Rudnik Formation | Russia | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Spiriferellidae. |
| Askerina | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Ordovician (Hirnantian) and Silurian (Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. The type species is A. cymbula. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Aulacothyris stevensi | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Aratauran) | Diamond Peak Group | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Zeilleriidae. |
| Aulonotreta neptuni | Sp. nov | Valid | Holmer et al. | Ordovician (Darriwilian ) | | Sweden | A member of Lingulida belonging to the family Aulonotretidae. |
| Australocoelia boucoti | Sp. nov | Valid | De Rezende, Machado & Ponciano | Devonian | | Brazil | |
| Austriellula iordanae | Sp. nov | Valid | Gaetani in Grădinaru & Gaetani | Triassic | | Romania | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Norellidae and the subfamily Norellinae. |
| Bellistrophia | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Holmer et al. | Cambrian | Atei Formation Meagher Formation | Kazakhstan  United States | A member of Kutorginida. The type species is "Nisusia" deissei Bell (1941); genus also includes "Nisusia" montanensis Bell (1941). |
| Bernousia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferida. Genus includes new species B. brevedorsata. |
| Biernatia rhapsody | Sp. nov | Valid | Lavié, Serra & Feltes | Middle and Late Ordovician | Las Aguaditas Formation Las Chacritas Formation | Argentina | A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Biernatidae. |
| Borellithyris | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Dulai | Miocene (Tortonian) | Sant'Agata Fossili Formation | Italy | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Megathyrididae. The type species is B. gaetanii. |
| Cathaysiorthis xichuanensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Huang et al. | Silurian (Rhuddanian) | Zhangwan Formation | China | |
| Caucasorhynchella | Gen. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | | China | |
| Chonosteges cooperi | Sp. nov | Valid | Torres-Martínez et al. | Permian | Paso Hondo Formation | Mexico | |
| Cleiothyridina pfaffenbergensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Mottequin et al. | Carboniferous (Tournaisian) | Gleitsch Formation | Germany | A member of Athyridida belonging to the family Athyrididae. |
| "Clorinda" symmetrica | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Conotreta andina | Sp. nov | Valid | Lavié, Serra & Feltes | Ordovician (Darriwilian) | Las Aguaditas Formation Las Chacritas Formation | Argentina | A member of Acrotretida belonging to the family Acrotretidae. |
| Coolinia diabolica | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Cordatia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Brock & Claybourn in Betts et al. | Early Cambrian | | Australia | A member of Paterinata possibly belonging to the family Paterinidae. The type species is C. erinae. |
| Craniops popovi | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Crassispirifer galinae | Sp. nov | Valid | Manankov | Permian | | Mongolia | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Crassumbo germanicus | Sp. nov | Valid | Mottequin et al. | Carboniferous (Tournaisian) | Gleitsch Formation | Germany | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Crassumbidae. |
| Cyrtia wrekinensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Cyrtina evanescens | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferinida. |
| Cyrtospirifer aouinetensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | |
| Cyrtospirifer (Elasmospirifer) | Subgen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | The subgenus includes new species C. (E.) djebiletensis. |
| Cyrtospirifer robardeti | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | |
| Dictyothyropsis vogli | Sp. nov | Valid | Bujtor & Vörös | Early Cretaceous | | Hungary | |
| Dihelictera askeriensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Ordovician (Hirnantian) and Silurian (Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Dinobolus athelstani | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Eleutherokomma djezairensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Eospirifer majesticus | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Erbotreta elankii | Sp. nov | Valid | Ushatinskaya & Korovnikov | Cambrian | | Russia | A member of Acrotretida. |
| Eucalathis giulioi | Sp. nov | Valid | Dulai | Miocene (Tortonian) | Sant'Agata Fossili Formation | Italy | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Chlidonophoridae. |
| Farewellirhynchia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baranov & Blodgett | Devonian (Pragian) | Soda Creek Limestone | United States | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the subfamily Leiorhynchinae. The type species is F. kulkovi. |
| Fascistropheodonta? wiltzensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Jansen | Early Devonian | Wiltz Formation | Germany  Luxembourg | A member of the family Strophodontidae. |
| Felsithyris | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Mottequin & Weyer | Carboniferous (Mississippian) | | Germany | A member of Spiriferida. The type species is F. hercynica. |
| Garciaalcaldia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baranov & Blodgett | Devonian (Pragian) | Soda Creek Limestone | United States | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the subfamily Glossinunilinae. The type species is G. alaskensis. |
| Ghorispirifer | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Mottequin & Brice | Devonian (Famennian) | | Afghanistan  Iran  Iraq | A Cyrtiopsinae. The type species is "Cyrtiopsis graciosa" chakhaensis Brice (1971) (raised to the rank of a separate species G. chakhaensis), genus also includes "Cyrtiopsis" lapparenti Brice (1971). |
| Hedeinopsis africana | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Howellella minsterleyensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Ingentistrophia | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Jansen | Early Devonian | Katzenelnbogen Formation Seifen Formation | Belgium  Germany | A member of Orthotetida belonging to the family Areostrophiidae. The type species is "Orthothethes" ingens Drevermann (1904). |
| Jonesea oepiki | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Jordanithyris | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Feldman et al. | Middle Jurassic (Bathonian and Callovian) | Hamam Mughanniyya | Jordan | A member of Terebratulida. Genus includes new species J. ardainensis. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021. |
| Joviatrypa nakremi | Sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Silurian (Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Judinica | Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov | Valid | Oleneva | Devonian | | Belgium  Russia | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Adolfiidae. The type species is J. siratchoica; genus also includes new species J. pseudodeflexa, as well as J. pseudomultifida (Vandercammen, 1955), J. biverrucosa (Vandercammen, 1955) and J. solita (Ljaschenko, 1959). |
| Koeveskallina bifurcata | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Kosoidea australis | Sp. nov | Valid | Zabini et al. | Ordovician (Hirnantian) | Iapó Formation Vila Maria Formation | Brazil | A member of Discinoidea. |
| Kutchithyris simoni | Sp. nov | Valid | Feldman et al. | Middle Jurassic (Callovian) | Mughanniyya | Jordan | Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021. |
| Lingulipora budili | Sp. nov | Valid | Mergl | Middle Devonian | Srbsko Formation | Czech Republic | A member of the family Lingulidae. |
| Linnarssonia ulakhani | Sp. nov | Valid | Ushatinskaya & Korovnikov | Cambrian | | Russia | A member of Acrotretida. |
| Linoporella maxima | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Loboidothyris fordycei | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Lower Aratauran to Upper Ururoan) | | New Caledonia  New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Loboidothyrididae. |
| Lobothyris simesi | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Aratauran to Ururoan) | | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Lobothyrididae. |
| Martinia georgei | Sp. nov | Valid | Tazawa in Tazawa, Osawa & Nagura | Carboniferous (Viséan–Bashkirian) | Karaumedate Formation | Belgium  China  Japan  Kazakhstan  Russia  United Kingdom | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Martiniidae. |
| Martinia liuqiaoiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | He, Shi & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | Talung Formation | China | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Martiniidae. |
| Menarhynchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baranov & Blodgett | Devonian (Pragian) | Soda Creek Limestone | United States | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the subfamily Sphaerirhynchinae. The type species is M. kuskokwimensis. |
| Micromartinia | Gen. et sp. nov | Junior homonym | He & Weldon in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | Talung Formation | China | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the superfamily Martinioidea. The type species is M. kwangsiella. The generic name is preoccupied by Micromartinia Amsel (1957). |
| Minutomarginifera | Nom. nov | Valid | He et al. | Carboniferous and Permian | | China  Thailand | A member of Strophalosiidina belonging to the family Chonopectidae; a replacement name for Eileenella Racheboeuf in Wongwanich et al. (2004). |
| Minutomena missa | Sp. nov | Valid | Huang et al. | Ordovician (Hirnantian) | Kuanyinchiao Beds | China | |
| Multispirifer kropotkini | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Neocyrtina xui | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Neoliothyrina nakremi | Sp. nov | Valid | Bitner in Hryniewicz et al. | Late Paleocene | Basilika Formation | Norway | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Sellithyridae. |
| Neoplatystrophia paludis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Neospirifer borealis | Sp. nov | Valid | Manankov | Permian | | Mongolia | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Nisusia multicostata | Sp. nov | Valid | Holmer et al. | Cambrian (Drumian) | Mila Formation | Iran | A member of Kutorginida. |
| Nottina | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Silurian (Rhuddanian and Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. The type species is N. phalerata. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Nucleospira elgari | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Nudirostralina minuta | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Opsiconidion nanus | Sp. nov | Valid | Mergl | Devonian (Eifelian) | Acanthopyge Limestone | Czech Republic | A member of Acrotretoidea belonging to the family Biernatidae. |
| Oretanomena | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Reyes-Abril, Villas & Gutierrez-Marco | Ordovician (Darriwilian) | | Spain | A member of Strophomenoidea. Genus includes new species O. meloui. |
| Ortarhynchia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Gaetani in Grădinaru & Gaetani | Triassic | | Romania | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Norellidae and the subfamily Paranorellininae. The type species is O. petersi. |
| Pachyschizophoria amygdalina | Sp. nov | Valid | Jansen | Early Devonian | Berlé Formation Emsquarzit Formation Hohenrhein Formation | Germany  Luxembourg | A member of Enteletoidea belonging to the family Schizophoriidae. |
| Parabrekia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | Genus includes new species P. yangi. |
| Paurorthis? llangynogensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks & Popov | Early Ordovician | | United Kingdom | |
| Pentameroides johnsoni | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Permorhipidomella | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | He, Shi & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | | China | A member of Orthida belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae. Genus includes new species P. ovatus. |
| Piarorhynchella kittli | Sp. nov | Valid | Gaetani in Grădinaru & Gaetani | Triassic | | Romania | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Norellidae and the subfamily Holcorhynchellinae. |
| Platytrochalos (Salopicoelia) morrellswoodensis | Subgen. et sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Productina saalfeldensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Mottequin et al. | Carboniferous (Tournaisian) | Gleitsch Formation Hangenberg Limestone | Germany | A member of Productida belonging to the family Productellidae. |
| Ptychomentzelia dobrogeana | Sp. nov | Valid | Gaetani in Grădinaru & Gaetani | Triassic | | Romania | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Mentzeliidae. |
| Ptychomentzelia simionescui | Sp. nov | Valid | Gaetani in Grădinaru & Gaetani | Triassic | | Romania | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Mentzeliidae. |
| Quiringites bitami | Sp. nov | Valid | Gourvennec | Paleozoic | Tindouf Basin | Algeria | A member of Spiriferida. |
| Rhipidomella parvula | Sp. nov | Valid | He, Shi & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | | China | A member of Orthida belonging to the family Rhipidomellidae. |
| Roemerithyris | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Mottequin & Weyer | Carboniferous (Mississippian) | | Germany | A member of Spiriferida. The type species is "Spirifer" macrogaster Roemer (1852). |
| Rugithyris hasibuani | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Upper Ururoan) | | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the superfamily Loboidothyridoidea. |
| Rutorhynchia? trigonalis | Sp. nov | Valid | Guo, Chen & Harper | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Qingyan Formation | China | |
| Schachriomonia spiraensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Ordovician-Silurian | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Schellwienella justinianoi | Sp. nov | Valid | Rezende, Ponciano & Brett | Late Devonian | Longá Formation | Brazil | |
| Sellithyris elizabetha | Sp. nov | Valid | Rojas & Sandy | Early Cretaceous (Valanginian) | Rosablanca Formation | Colombia | |
| Septatrypa salopiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Shelvothyris | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | Genus includes S. furcata (Sowerby, 1839) |
| Sifella | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Silurian (Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. The type species is S. patera. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Skenidoides pontyfennensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks & Popov | Early Ordovician | | United Kingdom | |
| Smirnovina ferraria | Sp. nov | Valid | Bujtor & Vörös | Early Cretaceous | | Hungary | |
| Spiriferella protodraschei | Sp. nov | Valid | Lee & Shi in Lee et al. | Permian (late Artinskian–early Kungurian) | Kapp Starostin Formation | Norway | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Spiriferellidae. |
| Tamarirhynchia | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Baranov & Blodgett | Devonian (Pragian) | Soda Creek Limestone | United States | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the subfamily Hebetoechiinae. The type species is "Lancemyonia" varia Tcherkesova (1969). |
| Tegulithyris? plencnerae | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Upper Aratauran and Ururoan) | | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Tegulithyrididae. |
| Thebesia shelvensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Thuringorhynchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Mottequin et al. | Carboniferous (Tournaisian) | Gleitsch Formation Hangenberg Limestone | Germany | A member of Rhynchonellida belonging to the family Pugnacidae. The type species is T. pseudoequitans. |
| Tornquistia changhsingia | Sp. nov | Valid | He, Shi & Shen in He et al. | Permian (Changhsingian) | | China | A member of Chonetidina belonging to the family Anopliidae and the subfamily Anopliinae. |
| Trigonithyris wilsoni | Sp. nov | Valid | Feldman et al. | Middle Jurassic (Callovian) | Mughanniyya | Jordan | Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2021. |
| Triplesia habberleyensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Tritoechia bolohaulensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks & Popov | Early Ordovician | | United Kingdom | |
| Tumarinia uldsiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Manankov | Permian | | Mongolia | A member of Spiriferinida. |
| Ukhtomica | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Oleneva | Devonian | | Russia | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Echinospiriferidae. The type species is U. lata; genus also includes U. apschakensis (Krylova, 1955). |
| Virgianoides | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Jin, Mikulic & Kluessendorf | Silurian (Rhuddanian) | Mayville Dolomite | United States ( Wisconsin) | A member of Pentamerida belonging to the family Virgianidae. The type species is BVirgiana barrandei var. major Savage (1916), raised to the rank of a separate species V. major. |
| Weiningia ziyunensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Yuan et al. | Carboniferous (Serpukhovian) | Baizuo Formation | China | A member of Spiriferida belonging to the family Martiniidae. |
| Whitfieldella alvarezensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |
| Xenocrania | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Chen & Rong | Ordovician | | China  Myanmar  Poland  United Kingdom  Czech Republic? | The type species is "Palaeocyclus" haimei Reed. |
| Zeilleria recessa | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Hettangian) | | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Zeilleriidae. |
| Zeilleria sacciformis | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Ururoan) | Ururoa Formation | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Zeilleriidae. |
| Zeilleria terezowae | Sp. nov | Valid | MacFarlan | Early Jurassic (Aratauran and Ururoan) | Ururoa Formation | New Zealand | A member of Terebratulida belonging to the family Zeilleriidae. |
| Zittelina hofmanni | Sp. nov | Valid | Bujtor & Vörös | Early Cretaceous | | Hungary | |
| Zygospiraella nupera | Sp. nov | Valid | Baarli | Silurian (Aeronian) | Solvik | Norway | A member of the family Atrypidae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2021. |
| Zygospiraella? ventricosa | Sp. nov | Valid | Cocks | Silurian (Llandovery) | | United Kingdom | |