OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Du Cane

Sir Charles Du Cane KCMG (5 December 1825 – 25 February 1889) was a British Conservative Party politician and colonial administrator who was a Member of Parliament between 1852 and 1854 and Governor of Tasmania from 1868 to 1874.
Du Cane was born in Ryde on the Isle of Wight in 1825, the son of Charles Du Cane of Braxted Park and Frances Prideaux-Brune. He was educated at Charterhouse School in Surrey and Exeter College, Oxford. From 1848 to 1855, Du Cane played first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club as a batsman; a younger brother, Alfred, also played first-class cricket.
In 1852, he was elected to the House of Commons as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Maldon in Essex, but his election was declared void after it was discovered that Du Cane's agents had been involved in bribery although it was established that Du Cane was unaware of the corruption. He spent two years as Civil Lord of the Admiralty. At the 1857 general election he was elected as MP for Northern Essex, and held the seat until the division was abolished at the 1868 general election.
Du Cane was appointed Governor of Tasmania, and was sworn in at Hobart Town on 15 January 1869. He faced a minor constitutional crisis when the Premier of Tasmania, James Milne Wilson, threatened to resign after a taxation scheme he had proposed was defeated in parliament, which would have left Tasmania without a government, although Wilson withdrew his resignation and a general election took place.
Du Cane's tenure in Tasmania saw the colony grow strong and prosperous, partly due to industrial and resources booms and the improvement of communication between Tasmania, the mainland and England. He left Hobart in November 1874, and was appointed KCMG the next year after his return to England. Du Cane died at his family estate in Braxted Park, Essex on 25 February 1889.
# Buvilly

Buvilly is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
# Immediate Geographic Region of Januária

The Immediate Geographic Region of Januária is one of the 7 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Montes Claros, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

## Municipalities

It comprises 8 municipalities.
* Bonito de Minas
* Cônego Marinho
* Itacarambi
* Januária
* Juvenília
* Montalvânia
* Pedras de Maria da Cruz
* São João das Missões
# Jemima Shore Investigates

Jemima Shore Investigates is a British mystery television series which originally aired in twelve episodes in 1983. It is based on a series of novels by Antonia Fraser about Jemima Shore, a crime-solving television presenter.
Actors who appeared in episodes of the series include Anthony Steel, Constance Cummings, Lysette Anthony, Stratford Johns, Patrick Newell, Tom Baker, Malcolm Stoddard, Michael Balfour, Billy Milton, Hugh Burden, Oliver Cotton, Don Henderson, Bill Nighy, Zena Walker, Brian Cox, Donald Houston, Larry Lamb, Brian Oulton, Derek Francis, Nicholas Le Prevost, George Coulouris and Elizabeth Counsell.

## Main cast

* Patricia Hodge as Jemima Shore
* Sally Watts as Cherry Bronson
* Ian Hendry as Cy
* Norman Jones as Pompey
* Kathleen Worth as Mrs. Bancroft
# Birgit Bormann

Birgit Bormann (born 14 March 1965) is a German former footballer who played as a forward. She made eight appearances for the Germany national team from 1982 to 1983.
# Immune mediated polygenic arthritis

An immune mediated inflammation of the joints of an animal caused by a dysfunction of the immune system, which attacks various components of the joint. This leads to variable degrees of synovitis, and typically occurs in multiple joints (a polyarthritis). The condition is hereditary (e.g. beagles), and caused by defects at multiple gene loci.
# AT&T Champions Classic

The AT&T Champions Classic was a professional golf tournament on the Champions Tour in southern California from 1990 to 2009. A mid-autumn event through 2000, it was moved to late winter in 2001. AT&T was the main sponsor of the tournament for its final editions, held at Valencia Country Club in Santa Clarita, California.
The tournament was founded in November 1990 as the "Security Pacific Senior Classic" at Rancho Park Golf Club, a municipal course in the city of Los Angeles, where it was played through 1994. Rancho Park hosted the Los Angeles Open on the PGA Tour from 1956 through 1972 (except 1968). The purse for the inaugural event was $500,000 with a winner's share of $75,000. From 1995 through 2000, it was played at Wilshire Country Club, then moved north to Valencia in March 2001.
The purse in 2009 was $1.6 million, with a winner's share of $240,000 to playoff winner Dan Forsman, his first victory on the senior tour.

## Tournament sites

| Years | No. | Venue | City |
| 2001–2009 | 9 | Valencia Country Club | Santa Clarita, California |
| 1995–2000 | 6 | Wilshire Country Club | Los Angeles, California |
| 1990–1994 | 5 | Rancho Park Golf Course | Los Angeles, California |

## Winners

AT&T Champions Classic
* 2009 Dan Forsman
* 2008 Denis Watson
* 2007 Tom Purtzer (2)
AT&T Classic
* 2006 Tom Kite (2)
SBC Classic
* 2005 Des Smyth
* 2004 Gil Morgan (3)
* 2003 Tom Purtzer (1)
SBC Senior Classic
* 2002 Tom Kite (1)
* 2001 Jim Colbert
* 2000 Joe Inman (3)
Pacific Bell Senior Classic
* 1999 Joe Inman (2)
* 1998 Joe Inman (1)
Ralphs Senior Classic
* 1997 Gil Morgan (2)
* 1996 Gil Morgan (1)
* 1995 John Bland
* 1994 Jack Kiefer
* 1993 Dale Douglass
* 1992 Raymond Floyd
Security Pacific Senior Classic
* 1991 John Brodie
* 1990 Mike Hill
Source:
# Charles Partridge Adams

Charles Partridge Adams (January 12, 1858 – October 14, 1942) was a largely self-taught American landscape artist who painted primarily in Colorado, and secondarily in California. Some paintings were also made in other Rocky Mountain states, the Pacific Northwest and Canada, and a few in Louisiana, the East Coast and Europe.

## Biography

Adams was born in Franklin, Massachusetts; his family moved to Denver in 1876. In 1877 he began worked as an engraver in Denver, and received lessons from Helen Henderson Chain, an artist who had studied with George Inness. In 1885 he traveled to the East Coast and visited the studios of George Inness and Worthington Whittredge, and in 1888 he traveled to California and visited the studios of William Keith and Thomas Hill. He traveled to Louisiana in 1890, and to Europe in the summer of 1914. He spent the winter of 1916 in California, and moved to Los Angeles in 1920, and built a second home in Laguna Beach in 1926. He died in Los Angeles.

## Art

Adams is known for his views of snowy mountain peaks in early morning or sunset light, or wreathed in storm clouds, and for his luminous sunset and twilight paintings of the river bottoms near Denver.
Most of Adams paintings are enhanced by the use of stronger colors than one would find in a photograph. The evening shadows are bluer, the spring grass is greener, the sunsets more strikingly yellow or orange. He sometimes used very small areas of intense blue and red to enliven a dark shadowed area such as the heart of a clump of willows or the dark base of an aspen tree. He also made the mountains look about twice as tall as they actually look, as if seen through a telephoto lens.
Some of his earlier paintings include animals or human figures, but later paintings do not include them.
Roughly half of Adams paintings are oils and half are watercolors, which he began painting in the early 1890s. Over 950 paintings have been documented.

## Selected works

* Mount Sopris - Watercolor c.1896
* Platte River Near Denver - Watercolor c.1900
* Early Morning in Autumn, Needle Mountains, Colorado - Oil on Board c.1920
* Pines and Boulders - Oil on Board c.1920
* Spanish Peaks Sunrise - Watercolor c.1920
# Business letter

A business letter is a letter from one company to another, or such organizations and their customers, clients, or other external parties. The overall style of letter depends on the relationship between the parties concerned. Business letters can have many types of content, for example to request direct information or action from another party, to order supplies from a supplier, to point out a mistake by the letter's recipient, to reply directly to a request, to apologize for a wrong, or to convey goodwill. A business letter is sometimes useful because it produces a permanent written record, and may be taken more seriously by the recipient than other forms of communication. It is written in formal language.

## General format
### Margins

Typically, side, top and bottom margins are 25–32 millimetres (1–1+1⁄4 in) inches, and one-page letters and memos are vertically centered.

### Font formatting

No special character or font formatting is used, except for the subject line, which is usually underlined.

### Punctuation

The salutation or greeting is generally followed by a comma in British style, whereas in the United States a colon is used in formal contexts and a comma otherwise. The valediction or closing is followed by a comma.

### Form

The following is the general format, excluding indentation used in various formats:

## Indentation formats

Business letters conform to generally one of six indentation formats: standard, open, block, semi-block, modified block, and modified semi-block. Put simply, "semi-" means that the first lines of paragraphs are indented; "modified" means that the sender's address, date, and closing are significantly indented.

### Open

The open-format letter does not use punctuation after the salutation and no punctuation after the complimentary closing.

### Block

In a block-format letter, all text is left aligned and paragraphs are not indented.

### Modified block

In a modified-block format letter, all text is left aligned (except the author's address, date, and closing), paragraphs are not indented, and the author's address, date, and closing begin at the center point.

### Semi-block

Semi-block format is similar to the Modified block format, except that the first line of each paragraph is indented.

### Modified semi-block

In a modified semi-block format letter, all text is left aligned (except the author's address, date, and closing), paragraphs are indented, and the author's address, date, and closing are usually indented in the same position.
# Governmental leading high school

Governmental leading high schools (Persian:دبیرستان نمونه دولتی) are Iranian schools in which the Ministry of Education of Iran grants a "model" license (in terms of superior education quality). These schools accept their students through an entrance exam and are governed by the government. Governmental leading high school in Secondary school in all fields accept students with an entrance exam. One of the benefits of Governmental Leading Schools is paying attention to students' talents and abilities, discovering them, and also reaching a point where students can be their best version.

## Entrance exam

The entrance exams for these schools are usually held at the end of each academic year and talented students with high IQ are accepted from the ninth grade to enter the tenth grade based on the test score. Passing the entrance exam of Governmental leading high schools requires high IQ, perseverance, strong skills and scientific support, and mastery of testing.
# Immediate Geographic Region of Itajubá

The Immediate Geographic Region of Itajubá is one of the 10 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Pouso Alegre, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

## Municipalities

It comprises 14 municipalities.
* Brazópolis
* Conceição das Pedras
* Delfim Moreira
* Gonçalves
* Itajubá
* Maria da Fé
* Marmelópolis
* Paraisópolis
* Pedralva
* Piranguçu
* Piranguinho
* São José do Alegre
* Sapucaí-Mirim
* Wenceslau Braz
# Immune receptor

An immune receptor (or immunologic receptor) is a receptor, usually on a cell membrane, which binds to a ligand (usually another protein, such as cytokine) and causes a response in the immune system.

## Types

The main receptors in the immune system are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs), complement receptors, Fc receptors, B cell receptors and T cell receptors.
Comparison of different receptor targets and associated functions :
| Receptor | Bind to | Function |
| Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g. TLRs, NLRs) | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) | Mediate cytokine production → inflammation → destroying pathogen |
| Killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs) | | Avails NK cells to identify abnormal host cells (KAR) or inhibit inappropriate host cell destruction (KIR) |
| Complement receptors | Complement proteins on e.g. microbes | Allow phagocytic and B cells to recognize microbes and immune complexes |
| Fc receptors | Epitope-antibody complexes | Stimulate phagocytosis |
| B cell receptors | Epitopes | B cell differentiation into plasma cells and proliferation |
| T cell receptors | Linear epitopes bound to MHC | Activate T cells |
| Cytokine receptors | Cytokines | Regulation and co-ordination of immune responses |
# AT&T CallVantage

AT&T CallVantage was a voice over Internet Protocol telephone service first offered in 2004 by AT&T Corp., upon the heels of its announcement that it would stop seeking traditional local and long-distance landline customers.

## Renaming

After SBC Communications purchased AT&T Corp. in 2005 and renamed itself AT&T Inc., CallVantage was offered as an option with AT&T Yahoo! DSL service, formerly known as SBC Yahoo! DSL.

## Competition

AT&T CallVantage competed with other VoIP providers, such as Vonage. When AT&T U-verse Voice was unveiled January 28, 2008, AT&T continued to market CallVantage to customers without U-verse, particularly customers outside AT&T's local phone service territory. However, AT&T suspended new business later in 2008 "to evaluate CallVantage service."
In a letter dated April 17, 2009, AT&T notified all existing CallVantage subscribers that the service would be discontinued and no longer available later in 2009, which occurred October 20, 2009.
# Carl Friedemann

Carl Bert Ulrich Friedemann (29 April 1862 – 9 April 1952) was a German-Swiss composer, conductor and musician. He wrote symphonic music, chamber music, choral works, songs and 140 marches, many of which are still played by marching bands around the world.

## Life and career

Friedemann was born in Mücheln at Merseburg, the Province of Saxony in the Kingdom of Prussia. As a child he received lessons for piano and violin. He studied music in Halle (Saale) and with the court conductor Emil Büchner in Erfurt. By 1883 he conducted the orchestra of the Reunion-Theater in Erfurt; he left this appointment in 1885. Meanwhile, he had also learned to play the clarinet. He then joined the band of the 71st (3rd Thuringian) Infantry Regiment in Erfurt and continued his musical training, also appearing as a soloist in local concerts as a violinist and pianist. He also served as conductor of various choirs and choral societies. In 1888 he composed the now famous "Kaiser Friedrich Marsch" as a tribute to the dying German emperor. On November 5, 1890, he passed the military band examination at the Academy of Music in Berlin.
On 20 September 1891, he became conductor of the band of the 113th (5th Baden) Infantry Regiment based in Freiburg im Breisgau. He worked here for 21 years and his fame as a conductor and composer reached beyond national borders. In 1901 he was appointed Royal Kapellmeister in Baden and in 1906 he was appointed Royal Music Director. In January 1912 Friedemann conducted his regimental band at the Café Kropf in Freiburg for his farewell concert. For health reasons he left military music in 1912.
A new commitment was waiting for him in Bern, Switzerland. There he became head of the Bern Town Band, Stadtmusik bern, and raised this wind orchestra to a respectable level. Friedemann made Bern's civic music well-known; he was on the jury of the Federal Music Festival 1906 in Freiburg, which awarded Bern's band the 1st Gold Medal in the first rank of the first city in that category. With this band he made trips to Germany, France, Italy and Spain. When he retired in 1933, he was also made conductor laureate. In 1935 he was appointed Civic Music Professor because of his outstanding service. He also founded his own publishing company there and a music school. Friedemann died in Bern.

## Compositions

* Admiral Marsch
* Attaque de cavallerie: Charakterstück, Op. 145
* Bayrisch blau Marsch
* Concertino, Op. 182
* Ehestandsgeplauder, Op. 54
* Fürst Egon Marsch, Op. 172
* Fürst Max Egon-Fanfare, Op. 152
* Fürstenberg-Fanfare
* Kaiser Friedrich Marsch, Op. 66
* Kaiser-Manöver-Marsch, Op. 81
* Paraphrase on Radecke's Song "Aus der Jugendzeit", Op. 146
* Rhapsody for Violin and Orchestra
* Slavonic Rhapsody No. 1, Op. 114
* Slavonic Rhapsody No. 2, Op. 269
* Slavonic Rhapsody No. 3, Op. 297
* Symphony No. 1
* Symphony No. 2
* Gruss an Bern (March)
# Hyalimax

Hyalimax is a genus of small, air-breathing, land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae, the amber snails. This genus has no external shell, but it has an almost flat internal shell plate.

## Species

Species in the genus Hyalimax include (old source from 1892 was used, some of these names may be synonyms):
* Hyalimax andamanicus Godwin-Austen, 1882 - from Port Blair, Andaman Islands.
* Hyalimax maillardi Fischer, 1867
* Hyalimax mauritianus Rang, 1827 - from Mauritius.
* Hyalimax perlucidus Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 - from Pouce Mountain, Mauritius.
* Hyalimax pellucidus Quoy & Gaimard (Hyalimax pellucidus seems to be misspelled Hyalimax perlucidus.)
* Hyalimax reinhardi Morch, 1872 - from Pulo Panjang and Sambelong, Nicobar Islands.
* Hyalimax viridis Theobald, 1864 - from Arracan.

## Description

Tryon (1884) wrote about the genus Hyalimax (while mentioning Hyalimax pellucidus as an example) like this:
"Animal limaciform, swollen at centre, blunt before, and tapering behind; tentacles simple; mantle large, central, concealing all but a small opening; an internal shell-plate; no longitudinal furrows above the margin of the foot, and no caudal mucous pit; no distinct locomotive disk; external respiratory and anal orifices on the central right margin of the mantle; orifice of combined genital system on right side of head, halfway between eye-peduncle and mantle."
"Shell large, rudimentary, thin, oval, unguiform, non-spiral. Jaw smooth with blunt median projection and accessory quadrate plate. Lingual membrane with tricuspid central teeth, multifid laterals, and quadrate marginals."
# 1990 All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship

The 1990 All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship was the 17th staging of the All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1974. The championship ran from 27 May to 8 July 1990.
Kildare entered the championship as the defending champions.
The All-Ireland final was played at Emerald GAA Grounds in Ruislip on 8 July 1990 between London and Kildare, in what was their third meeting in the All-Ireland final and a second meeting in succession. London won the match by 1-15 to 5-02 to claim their third All-Ireland title overall and a first title in two years.
Kildare's Mick Moore was the championship's top scorer with 8-05.

## Championship statistics
### Top scorers
#### Overall

| Rank | Player | County | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| 1 | Mick Moore | Kildare | 8-05 | 29 | 4 | 7.25 |
| 2 | Séamus Kilroy | Kildare | 3-11 | 20 | 2 | 10.00 |
| 3 | Eunan McCaffrey | Meath | 0-20 | 20 | 4 | 5.00 |
| 4 | Paddy Kelly | Meath | 3-06 | 15 | 4 | 3.75 |
| 4 | Gerry Power | Kildare | 2-09 | 15 | 4 | 3.75 |
# Horsted Place

Horsted Place is a Tudor Revival country house, now a hotel, in Little Horsted, East Sussex, England. The current building dates to 1850, when it was built by Samuel Daukes/George Myers for Francis Barchard, a successful merchant from London, though an earlier house evidently existed as it was documented as being owned by the Law family in 1816. It is described as "A masterpiece of ornate Victorian Gothic, it has towers, tall brick chimneys and a great central Gallery running through its entire length."
Horsted Place is listed Grade II on the National Heritage List, and its gardens are also listed Grade II on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

## Barchard family

Francis Barchard (1796-1856) built Horsted Place in about 1850. Barchard was son of Joseph and Jane Barchard. The Barchard family, originally Yorkshire yeomen, established a successful business as dyers in London. This business made Francis Barchard prosperous; additionally, his godfather Francis Hilton was a wealthy dyer, who at his death in 1845 left Barchard approximately 200,000 pounds (worth around 18 million pounds in 2014). With this newfound wealth Barchard began to build Horsted Place.
On Barchard's death in 1856, Horsted Place was inherited by his eldest son, Francis (1826-1904). An Oxford-educated barrister, Francis married but had no children. On his death in 1904 his nephew, Francis (1863-1932), another Oxford-educated barrister, inherited the property. This third Francis married and had a son and a daughter; the son was killed in the Second World War. After Francis died in 1932, his widow remained at Horsted Place until her death in 1964. The following year the property was sold to Lord Rupert Nevill.

## Lord and Lady Rupert Nevill

Lady Rupert Nevill was a personal childhood friend of Queen Elizabeth II. She was born Lady Anne Camilla Wallop (nickname Micky) and her father was The 9th Earl of Portsmouth. She was in the same Girl Guide Group as Princess Elizabeth and they had become lifelong friends. In 1944 she married Lord Rupert Nevill, who was the second son of Major The 4th Marquess of Abergavenny.
The couple lived at Uckfield House (now demolished) which was not far from Little Horsted. During that time they had numerous visits from the Royal Family. They had four children, two sons and two daughters. Queen Elizabeth became the godmother for the first time for their infant son in 1945.
In 1965 they bought Horsted Place and Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip continued to visit them there. In 1970 he became the Treasurer for Prince Philip then in 1975 he became his Private Secretary. In 1982 Lord Rupert Nevill died and soon after Horsted Place was converted to a hotel. It still serves this function.
# Immediate Geographic Region of Ipatinga

The Immediate Geographic Region of Ipatinga is one of the 3 immediate geographic regions in the Intermediate Geographic Region of Ipatinga, one of the 70 immediate geographic regions in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and one of the 509 of Brazil, created by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2017.

## Municipalities

It comprises 22 municipalities:
* Açucena
* Antônio Dias
* Belo Oriente
* Braúnas
* Bugre
* Coronel Fabriciano
* Dionísio
* Dom Cavati
* Iapu
* Ipaba
* Ipatinga
* Jaguaraçu
* Joanésia
* Marliéria
* Mesquita
* Naque
* Periquito
* Pingo-d'Água
* Santana do Paraíso
* São João do Oriente
* São José do Goiabal
* Timóteo