OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German submarine U-2341

German submarine U-2341 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 20 September 1943, and laid down on 23 August 1944 at Deutsche Werft AG, Hamburg, as yard number 495. She was launched on 3 October 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Hermann Böhm on 21 October 1944.

## Design

Like all Type XXIII U-boats, U-2341 had a displacement of 234 tonnes (230 long tons) when at the surface and 258 tonnes (254 long tons) while submerged. She had a total length of 34.68 m (113 ft 9 in) (o/a), a beam width of 3.02 m (9 ft 11 in) (o/a), and a draught depth of 3.66 m (12 ft). The submarine was powered by one MWM six-cylinder RS134S diesel engine providing 575–630 metric horsepower (423–463 kilowatts; 567–621 shaft horsepower), one AEG GU4463-8 double-acting electric motor electric motor providing 580 PS (430 kW; 570 shp), and one BBC silent running CCR188 electric motor providing 35 PS (26 kW; 35 shp).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 9.7 knots (18.0 km/h; 11.2 mph) and a submerged speed of 12.5 knots (23.2 km/h; 14.4 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) for 194 nautical miles (359 km; 223 mi); when surfaced, she could travel 2,600 nautical miles (4,800 km; 3,000 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph). U-2341 was fitted with two 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes in the bow. She could carry two preloaded torpedoes. The complement was 14–18 men. This class of U-boat did not carry a deck gun.

## Service history

On 5 May 1945, U-2341 surrendered at Cuxhaven, Germany. She was later transferred to Lisahally, Northern Ireland on 21 June 1945. Of the 156 U-boats that eventually surrendered to the Allied forces at the end of the war, U-2341 was one of 116 selected to take part in Operation Deadlight. U-2341 was towed out and sank on 31 December 1945, by gunfire from the British destroyer HMS Onslaught and the Polish destroyer ORP Błyskawica.
The wreck now lies at 55°44′N 08°19′W﻿ / ﻿55.733°N 8.317°W﻿ / 55.733; -8.317.
# Atsushi Abe (synchronized swimmer)

Atsushi Abe (安部 篤史, Abe Atsushi, born 30 August 1982) is a Japanese synchronised swimmer.
He participated at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships, winning a medal.
# German submarine U-8 (1935)

The German submarine U-8 was a Type IIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, based at Kiel during World War II. It was one of the smaller versions, and was first launched on 16 July 1935. Its first commander was Harald Grosse. U-8 would have 18 commanders over the course of its service, the last being Jürgen Kriegshammer.

## Design

German Type IIB submarines were enlarged versions of the original Type IIs. U-8 had a displacement of 279 tonnes (275 long tons) when at the surface and 328 tonnes (323 long tons) while submerged. Officially, the standard tonnage was 250 long tons (254 t), however. The U-boat had a total length of 42.70 m (140 ft 1 in), a pressure hull length of 28.20 m (92 ft 6 in), a beam of 4.08 m (13 ft 5 in), a height of 8.60 m (28 ft 3 in), and a draught of 3.90 m (12 ft 10 in). The submarine was powered by two MWM RS 127 S four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines of 700 metric horsepower (510 kW; 690 shp) for cruising, two Siemens-Schuckert PG VV 322/36 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 460 metric horsepower (340 kW; 450 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 0.85 m (3 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 80–150 metres (260–490 ft).
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7 knots (13 km/h; 8.1 mph). When submerged, the boat could operate for 35–42 nautical miles (65–78 km; 40–48 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 3,800 nautical miles (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph). U-8 was fitted with three 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes at the bow, five torpedoes or up to twelve Type A torpedo mines, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of twenty.

## Service history

U-8 was ordered on 20 July 1934, i.e. in violation of the Versailles Treaty, which denied Germany possession of submarines. The U-boat was not laid down until 25 March 1935, and launched on 16 July 1935, within weeks of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement, which granted Germany parity with the British Empire in submarines.
Commissioned on 5 August 1935 with Kapitänleutnant Harald Grosse in command, U-8 was used as a training boat until 31 March 1945, when the U-boat was decommissioned.

## Fate

U-8 was scuttled in the Raeder Lock at Wilhelmshaven on 5 May 1945.
# Geyikbayırı, Konyaaltı

Geyikbayırı is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Konyaaltı, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 662 (2022). It is near the ancient city of Trebenna.
# Geyen

Geyen is a village, part of the town Pulheim in the Rhein-Erft-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

## Location

Geyen is situated at the old road from Pulheim to Brauweiler. Additionally the "Pulheimer Bach", or stream of Pulheim flows through Geyen.

## History

Originally Geyen was called villa Gegina in 962 AD. Politically Geyen belonged to the office of Bergheim and to the duchy of Jülich. 1794 French troops occupied Geyen, which meant it belonged to the Arrondissement de Cologne in the Département de la Roer. After that Geyen came to belong to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815. In recent times Geyen belonged to Pulheim (1956), then to Brauweiler (1964) and then since 1975 it belongs to Pulheim again.

## Traffic

Today Geyen is avoided by a bypass. The next train station is located in Pulheim, where the B59 road runs through as well. The motorways A57 and A1 are very close by.

## Sights

* The castle of Geyen - It is first mentioned in a document of 1337 and 1434 it belonged to the mayor family Judde. Originally it was surrounded completely by water, but now there is only water on one side of it. After it burned in 1664 the castle was rebuilt with bricks in baroque style. This has mainly remained until now.
* The catholic church - It was built 1893 by Theodor Roß in Neo-Gothic style and replaced by a medieval church.
* Chapel
* The stream of Pulheim - Pulheimer Bach - was renatured in 2010 to bring it back into its original style. Now it has been made into an adventure path.

## Education

There is one primary school in Geyen, the GSG Sinthern-Geyen. It actually belongs to Sinthern as well, because the school building is on Sinthern grounds and the gym hall is on Geyen grounds. It was built in 1972. There are also two pre-schools, or kindergartens - the Katholischer Kindergarten St. Cornelius and the Kleine Strolche Familienzentrum.
# Geybels

Geybels is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Félix Geybels (1935–2013), Belgian footballer
* Kim Geybels (born 1981), Belgian politician
# 1958 Chatham Cup

The 1958 Chatham Cup was the 31st annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.
The competition was run on a regional basis, with regional associations each holding separate qualifying rounds.
Teams taking part in the final rounds are known to have included Eastern Suburbs (Auckland), Rangers (Bay of Plenty), Hamilton Wanderers (Waikato), Eastern Union (East Coast), Stratford AFC (Taranaki), Colenso Athletic (Hawkes Bay), Wanganui Athletic, Kiwi United (Manawatu) Lansdowne United (Wairarapa), Seatoun (Wellington), Christchurch City (Canterbury), Oamaru (North Otago) and Northern (Dunedin).
In the Otago district final, the North Otago finalist Oamaru conceded 17 goals against Dunedin finalist Northern. George Little of Northern scored four goals in succession, on the way to a total of eight goals in the match.

## The 1958 final

In the final, Seatoun set a finals record by scoring seven goals, six of them from centre-forward John Donovan. Both of these feats are still cup records, though Seatoun's seven goal haul was equalled by Christchurch United in 1989. The aggregate of eight goals in the final equalled the record first set in 1940.
Donovan was supplied with a good series of crosses from his wings. The Wellington side battled into the wind during the first half, which remained scoreless for over half an hour before a late flurry of goals. Donovan opened his account after 37 minutes, and the score remained at 1-0 until three minutes before the break. Donovan and Raymond Wright then scored in quick succession, only to have Ken Giblett pull the score back to 3–1 with the last kick of the half. The second half was a one-man show, with Donovan taking the score from 3–1 to 7–1, three of the goals coming from headers. His remarkable record of a final double-hat-trick still stands as of 2009.
The final was notable in another way, as it was the first time that substitutes had been used in a Chatham Cup final. Neil Kerr (Seatoun) and Ken Giblett (City) were the first two substitutes to make finals appearances.
# German Tennis Federation

The German Tennis Federation (German: Deutscher Tennis Bund, short form: DTB) is the governing body of tennis federations and clubs in Germany.
It is the largest tennis federation in the world with more than 1,800,000 members.
Founded on 19 May 1902 in Berlin as the Deutschen Lawn Tennis Bund (DLTB) it is one of the oldest sport federations of the world. Its first president was Carl August von der Meden between 1902 and 1911. In 1920 it dropped "Lawn" from its name.
It organises the International German Open at the Hamburger Rothenbaum, the Davis Cup and Fed Cup home matches.
# 1959 U.S. Women's Open

The 1959 U.S. Women's Open was the 14th U.S. Women's Open, held June 25–27 at Churchill Valley Country Club in Blackridge, Pennsylvania, a suburb east of Pittsburgh. It was the seventh edition conducted by the United States Golf Association (USGA).
Defending champion Mickey Wright won the second of her four U.S. Women's Open titles, two strokes ahead of runner-up Louise Suggs, a two-time champion. Suggs led after 36 holes, but a third round 75 pushed her four strokes back. Wright, age 24, putted well in the final round and was two-under after fifteen holes, but bogeyed the final three. She was the first of seven to successfully defend the championship, last accomplished by Karrie Webb in 2001. It was the third of 13 major championships for Wright.
In this competition, Patty Berg became the first woman to hit a hole-in-one during any USGA competition.
This was the third major in three years at Churchill Valley, which hosted the LPGA Championship in 1957 and 1958. The club closed in 2013.

## Final leaderboard

Saturday, June 27, 1959
| Place | Player | Score | To par | Money ($) |
| 1 | Mickey Wright | 72-75-69-71=287 | +7 | 1,800 |
| 2 | Louise Suggs | 71-74-75-69=289 | +9 | 1,200 |
| T3 | Marlene Hagge | 71-76-73-72=292 | +12 | 650 |
| T3 | Ruth Jessen | 75-74-72-71=292 | +12 | 650 |
| T3 | Joyce Ziske | 75-73-72-72=292 | +12 | 650 |
| 6 | Patty Berg | 72-75-75-74=296 | +16 | 400 |
| 7 | Betsy Rawls | 76-73-72-76=297 | +17 | 350 |
| 8 | Murle MacKenzie | 77-75-75-71=298 | +18 | 300 |
| 9 | Anne Sander (a) | 75-76-75-73=299 | +19 | 0 |
| 10 | JoAnn Prentice | 77-74-77-74=302 | +22 | 260 |
Source:
# 1959 UCI Road World Championships

The 1959 UCI Road World Championships was the 32nd edition of the UCI Road World Championships.
It took place on Sunday 16 August 1959 in Zandvoort, Netherlands.
However, the women's competition did not take place in Zandvoort, but in Rotheux-Rimière, Belgium, south of Liège. The race was held two weeks before the men's race, on a four-kilometer lap that was completed 18 times. Belgian Yvonne Reynders won the second edition of the women's race over 72 kilometers in one hour and 53 minutes.
German Gustav-Adolf Schur succeeded himself as amateur world champion.
Frenchman André Darrigade became the winner of the professional road race after cycling more than 292 kilometers.
In the same period, the 1959 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was organized in the Olympic Stadium of Amsterdam, Netherlands.

## Results

| Race: | Gold: | Time | Silver: | Time | Bronze : | Time |
| Men |||||||
| Men's road race details | André Darrigade France | 7 h 30 min 43s | Michele Gismondi Italy | m.t. | Noel Fore Belgium | m.t. |
| Amateurs' road race | Gustav-Adolf Schur East Germany | - | Bastiaan Maliepaard Netherlands | - | Constant Goossens Belgium | - |
| Women |||||||
| Women's road race | Yvonne Reynders Belgium | - | Aino Puronen Soviet Union | - | Vera Gorbatcheva Soviet Union | - |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Belgium (BEL) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | France (FRA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Soviet Union (URS) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | Italy (ITA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |
# Attanagalla Divisional Secretariat

Attanagalla Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Gampaha District, of Western Province, Sri Lanka.The duties possessed by " Rate Mahattaya " have been entrusted with Divisional Revenues Officers in 1950 In forming Divisional Assistant Government Agent Attanagalla has become a Divisional Secretariat in 1972 which covers Attanagalla Electorate.

## Administrative units

Attanagalla Divisional Secretariat which had possessed 86 Gama Niladhari Divisional at the beginning is now consisted of 151 Grama Niladhari Divisions(GN Divisions) which is the highest number of GN divisions located in a Divisional secretariat in Sri Lanka for the time being.

## Population

| DS Division | Main Town | Divisional Secretary | GN Divisions | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2012 Census) | Population (2012 Census) | Population (2012 Census) | Population (2012 Census) | Population (2012 Census) | Population (2012 Census) | Population Density (/km$^2$) |
| DS Division | Main Town | Divisional Secretary | GN Divisions | Area (km$^2$) | Sinhalese | Sri Lankan Moors | Sri Lankan Tamil | Malays | Other | Total | Population Density (/km$^2$) |
| Attanagalla | Attanagalla | D. M. Rathnayake | 151 | 149 | 154,969 | 21,389 | 927 | 657 | 874 | 178,816 | 1,200 |
# 1960 Carshalton by-election

The 1960 Carshalton by-election was held on 16 November 1960 when the incumbent Conservative MP, Antony Head, was elevated to the peerage on appointment as British High Commissioner to Nigeria. It was retained by the Conservative candidate Walter Elliot.
Carshalton by-election, 1960 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Walter Elliot | 19,175 | 51.66 | −2.33 |
| | Liberal | Jack Henry Gordon Browne | 10,250 | 27.61 | +12.11 |
| | Labour | Brian Thomas | 7,696 | 20.73 | −9.78 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 8,925 | 24.04 | +0.56 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 37,121 | | |
| | Conservative hold | Conservative hold | Swing | | |
# Ghosts (Dirty Vegas song)

"Ghosts" is a song by British house music band Dirty Vegas. Included on their 2002 self-titled debut, it reached number 31 on the UK Singles Chart following its release on 22 July 2002.

## Composition and style

The song was described as being "alt-leaning" and "uptempo" by Billboard. CMJ Music Monthly compared the song's style to that of the Pet Shop Boys.

## Release

The song was released as the second single from the group's debut album on 22 July 2002 as a CD single and two 12-inch singles. The CD single includes the radio edit as well as two remixes; the enhanced portion of the disc features the song's music video. "Ghosts" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 31 on the chart dated 3 August 2002, spending two weeks in the top 50 and three weeks in the top 75. A remix of the song was later featured on their remix album, A Night at the Tables.

## Music video

A music video for the song, featuring the trio in a car, driving past a body of water as people swim. Later in the video, the group is shown driving on desolate country roads. Singer Steve Smith, who is driving, receives a ticket from a police officer; Smith crumples up the ticket and drives on.

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| Scotland (OCC) | 34 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 31 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 2 |
# 1961 French referendum on Algerian self-determination

A referendum on self-determination for Algeria was held in France on 8 January 1961.$^{:674}$ Self-determination was approved by 75% of voters overall and 70% in Algeria. Voter turnout was 92%. The referendum question was worded as follows:
   "Approuvez-vous le projet de loi soumis au peuple français par le président de la République et concernant l'autodétermination des populations algériennes et l'organisation des pouvoirs publics en Algérie avant l'autodétermination ?"
   "Do you approve the bill submitted to the French people by the President of the Republic and concerning the self-determination of the populations of Algeria and the organization of the public authorities in Algeria prior to self-determination?"

## Results

| Choice | Metropolitan France | Metropolitan France | Algeria | Algeria | Total | Total |
| Choice | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| For | 15,200,073 | 75.3 | 1,749,969 | 69.5 | 17,447,669 | 75.0 |
| Against | 4,996,474 | 24.7 | 767,546 | 30.5 | 5,817,775 | 25.0 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 594,699 | – | 109,174 | – | 721,469 | – |
| Total | 20,791,246 | 100 | 2,626,689 | 100 | 23,986,913 | 100 |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver |||||||
# Gheorghe Popovici

Gheorghe Popovici (5 October 1859, Iași - 24 February 1933, Iași) was a Romanian painter and designer in the Academic style.

## Biography

He spent his childhood in Hotin, then part of the Russian Empire. Later, he attended the secondary schools in Iași, graduating from the Școala de Arte Frumoase (School of Fine Arts) in 1883. His talents earned him a state scholarship to study in Rome, then Paris, where he worked with Léon Bonnat, absorbing cultural influences as well as artistic techniques. In 1900, he won critical acclaim at the Exposition Universelle for his depiction of Horea's execution.
After returning home, he was appointed Professor of painting and composition at his old alma mater, the School of Fine Arts. From 1911 to 1929, he served as director. During his thirty years as a teacher, his students included Nicolae Tonitza, Ștefan Dimitrescu, Camil Ressu and Aurel Băeșu.
For a time, he was also Director of the school's library, which later became an art museum. During World War I, when the second shipment of the Romanian Treasure was being put together for transport to Moscow, he used the library to hide well-known art works from the local area, and they became the basis for the museum.
Overall, he preferred large oil paintings and created murals for the "Metropolitan Palace", depicting the Nicene Council and the Synod of Iași.

## Selected paintings

* Peasant Woman in Spring
* Gypsy
* Peasant House
* Winter
* View of the Bridge Over the Moldova River
# Attihannu Mattu Kanaja

Attihannu mattu Kanaja (English: Fig Fruit and The Wasps) is a 2014 Kannada feature film written and directed by M S Prakash Babu, co-produced by National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) and Produced by Bhavani Prakash under the banner of Bayalu Chitra Productions, features actors Bhavani Prakash, Ranjit Bhaskaran, Manjunath Belakere, Ravi Phoenix and in the lead roles. The film was selected for the 5th Beijing International Film Festival, and nominated for ‘Tiantan Award’ 2015.

## Cast

* Bhavani Prakash as Gowri
* Ranjit Bhaskaran as Vittal
* Manjunath Belakere as Basanna
* Achyuth Kumar as Gowri's husband
* Ravi Phoenix as Sadashiva (Poet)
* Bhoomika as Basanna's Daughter
* Shruti as Basanna's wife

## Plot

Gouri, a documentary filmmaker takes a journey along with her friend. She is trying to collect material for her documentary project on instrumental music. They go to a village with the help of a schoolteacher. They travel to meet an instrumental musician, who has gone some place elsewhere to give a performance. Both are forced to stay in the village till the musician returns. Film tries to capture the human attitude when they are placed in a condition/situation/environment which is familiar and at the same time unfamiliar. As the seemingly simple yet complex situations develop, how these characters fits into a landscape and climate as much mental as physical. Some time “vision” isn’t what is visible, sound isn’t exactly what is heard.

## International Film Festivals attended

* 16th Mumbai Film Festival 2014
* 7th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2014
* Calgary International Film Festival, CANADA. 2015

## Awards

Awarded NETPAC Jury special mention, 7th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2014, Asian Competition section.
# August Heinrich Matthiae

August Heinrich Matthiae (25 December 1769 – 6 January 1835) was a German classical scholar.

## Biography

He was born at Göttingen, and educated at the university. He then spent some years as a tutor in Amsterdam. In 1798 he returned to the Holy Roman Empire, and in 1802 was appointed director of the Friedrichsgymnasium at Altenburg, which post he held till his death. His biography was written by his son Constantin, with the title A. Matthiä in seinem Leben und Wirken, etc. (1845).

## Works

Of his numerous important works the best-known are:
* A copious Greek grammar, translated into English by V Blomfield, edited by John Kenrick (1832).
* an edition of Euripides (9 vols., 1813–1829)
* Grundriss der Geschichte der griechischen und römischen Litteratur (3rd ed., 1834, Eng. trans., Oxford, 1841)
* Lehrbuch fur den ersten Unterricht in der Philosophie (3rd ed., 1833)
* Encyklopädie und Methodologie der Philologie (1835)

## Family

His brother, Friedrich Christian Matthiae (1763–1822), rector of the Frankfurt gymnasium, published editions of Seneca's Letters, Aratus, and Dionysius Periegetes.
# Gibberula scalarispira

Gibberula scalarispira is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Zanzibar.
# Auguste Goditiabois

Auguste Goditiabois (20 November 1886 – 16 November 1946) was a Belgian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Gidlow Hall

Gidlow Hall is a scheduled ancient monument dating from 1574 in Aspull, in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester. The great hall was the residence of the Gidlow family, whose members included Robert de Gidlow, freeholder of Aspull in 1291. Members of the family were recorded in the village until the 17th century. The hall, now situated amongst more modern farmhouses, is still surrounded by a moat. Although the building dates from 1574 (a datestone is retained, showing Thomas Gidlow's initials), the eastern extent and a porch was demolished in 1840. Parts of the hall which date from its original construction include masonry on the south front and east wall, a fireplace and a stair-tower at the rear. There is evidence of a previous screens passage.
# Gidman

Gidman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alex Gidman (born 1981), English cricketer and coach
* John Gidman (born 1954), English footballer
* Will Gidman (born 1985), English cricketer
# Aubach (Schwabach)

Aubach is a river in Bavaria, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Schwabach near Igensdorf.
# Aubach (Lohr)

Aubach is a river in Bavaria, Germany. It is a right tributary of the Lohr in Partenstein.