OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1845 in Australia

"none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
The following lists events that happened during 1845 in Australia.

## Incumbents

* Monarch - Victoria

### Governors

Governors of the Australian colonies:
* Governor of New South Wales – Sir George Gipps
* Governor of South Australia – Sir George Grey (to 25 October), then Lieutenant Colonel Frederick Holt Robe
* Governor of Tasmania – Sir John Eardley-Wilmot
* Governor of Western Australia as a Crown Colony – John Hutt.

## Events

* 12 March – St John the Baptist Church in Reid Canberra is consecrated.
* 4 August – The ship Cataraqui is wrecked off the coast of Tasmania, the 406 people on board drown.
* 20 July – Charles Sturt enters the Simpson Desert in central Australia.
* 21 June – News of the discovery of a rich body of copper ore at Burra, South Australia is published in Adelaide newspapers.
* 17 December – Ludwig Leichhardt arrives at Port Essington, Northern Territory, after an overland journey of 4800 km from Jimbour on the Darling Downs.
* Undated – Port Augusta War ends
* Undated – An unknown number of Indigenous Australians are killed in the Darkey Flat massacre.
* Wool export in Australia – 24 million pounds.

## Births

* 12 January – Walter Howchin, geologist (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1937)
* 11 February – John Chanter, New South Wales politician (d. 1931)
* 16 February – Maybanke Anderson, suffragette and reformer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1927)
* 17 February – Percival Ball, sculptor (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1900)
* 25 February – Sir George Reid, 4th Prime Minister of Australia and 12th Premier of New South Wales (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1918)
* 20 March – Victor Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey, 17th Governor of New South Wales (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1915)
* 3 April – William Farrer, agronomist (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1906)
* 15 April – Dave Gregory, cricketer (d. 1919)
* 16 June – William Charles Kernot, engineer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1909)
* 21 June
** Henry Brockman, Western Australian politician (d. 1916)
** Sir Samuel Griffith, 9th Premier of Queensland and 1st Chief Justice of Australia (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1920)
* 19 October – Frank Hann, pastoralist and explorer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1921)
* 21 October – Ernest Favenc, explorer, journalist and author (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1908)
* 15 December – Thomas Skene, Victorian politician (d. 1910)
* 30 December – Thomas Edward Spencer, writer (born in the United Kingdom) (d. 1911)

## Deaths

* 5 August – John Blaxland, New South Wales politician and explorer (born in the United Kingdom) (b. 1769)
# 1857 in Brazil

Events in the year 1857 in Brazil.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Pedro II
* Prime Minister:
** Marquis of Caxias (until 4 May)
** Marquis of Olinda (starting 4 May)

## Events

* Establishment of banks including the Commercial and Agricultural Bank of Rio de Janeiro; the Bank of the Province of Rio Grande do Sul; the New Bank of Pernambuco, the Savings Bank of Pernambuco,;and the Bank of Maranhao

## Births
### October

October 4: Francisco de Assis Rosa e Silva, 3rd Vice President of Brazil (d. 1929)
# Ardent Health Services

Ardent Health Services, formerly known as Behavioral Healthcare Corporation is a for-profit healthcare company based in Nashville, Tennessee, United States.

## History

The Behavioral Healthcare Corporation was founded in 1993 by Edward Stack. Until 2001, it was a privately held company owned by Kindred Healthcare and Welsh Carson Anderson & Stowe and several individual investors and focused owning and operating behavioral health facilities. It currently owns and operates hospitals in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Amarillo, Texas, Pocatello, Idaho, Topeka, Kansas, 2 in New Jersey and, as of March 1, 2018, UTHET in Tyler, Texas.
By 2001, the private equity firm Welsh, Carson, Anderson & Stowe became majority shareholders and changed the name of the company.
The company sold its [behavioral health operations to Psychiatric Solutions, Inc.]s in 2005.
In 2015, Ventas acquired the company for $1.75b through a traditional sale-leaseback transaction where Ventas remained the owner of essentially all of Ardent's real property interests while a joint venture between Equity Group Investments, Ventas and several members of management acquired its hospital operations.
In February 2018, Ardent Health Services acquired the East Texas Medical Center (ETMC) hospital system, and created the "Tyler Regional Hospital, LLC", purchased the name-rights of the University of Texas Health Sciences Brand, and created a Doing-Business-As name of "UT Health Tyler". The "Tyler Regional Hospital, LLC" business continues operating under the UT Health Brand but is not currently under the University of Texas umbrella of administration. Currently, the University of Texas system owns a 30% share in the hospital while Ardent Health owns a 70% share.
In February 2020, Ardent Health Services president and CEO David T. Vandewater announced his plans to retire from the company. He will remained as president and CEO until a successor was named.
In August 2020, Ardent Health Services appointed Martin J. Bonick as president and CEO. Today the company has 26,000 employees, 30 hospitals and over 200 sites of care in six states.
# Ariadne (1794 ship)

Ariadne was launched in 1794 at Whitby. Two years later a new owner shifted her registry to London. She then made one voyage for the British East India Company. On her return she sailed on between England and the West Indies. She is last listed in 1811.

## Career

After her change of ownership and registration in 1796, Ariadne appears in Lloyd's Register for 1796 with G. Faith, master, J. Reeves, owner, and trade London—Jamaica. The next year her master changed to J. Walker, and her trade to London—East India.
Captain John Walker acquired a letter of marque on 4 January 1797. He sailed on 16 February from Falmouth, bound for Madras and Bengal. Ariadne reached Calcutta on 29 June. Homeward bound, she was at Culpee on 16 October and reached the Cape on 4 January 1799. She reached St Helena on 23 January, and left on 1 May, arriving at Cork on 24 June and Deptford on 15 July.
On her return, Ariadne resumed her trade with the West Indies.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade |
| 1798 | J.Walker Dixon | J. Reeve | London—India London—Antigua |
| 1799 | Dixon Langley | J. Reeve | London—Antigua London transport |
| 1800 | Langley A. Sterling | J. Reeve | London transport London—Jamaica |
| 1801 | A. Sterling | J. Reeve | London—Jamaica |
| 1802 | A. Sterling | J. Reeve | London—Jamaica |
| 1803 | J.Sterling J. Sunley | J. Reeve | London—Jamaica |
| 1804 | J. Sunley | J. Reeve | London—Jamaica |
The 1804 information continues unchanged in Lloyd's Register to 1809, and in the Register of Shipping to 1811. Ariadne is absent from the subsequent registers.
# Gael Murphy

Gael Murphy, a resident of Washington, D.C., is an anti-war activist with Code Pink who has planned or participated in many of its high-profile protests and activities against the Iraq War.
Murphy worked in the Peace Corps and later as a public health officer in Zaire and Central America. She also was a foreign service officer and an aid contractor, gaining first hand experience of the mishandling of America's public policy.
In 2002 she helped coordinate Code Pink's Women's Peace Vigil held across from the White House. She heads up the group's D.C. office. She is also a member of its executive committee. A Salon writer who interviewed Murphy in 2008 described her as a "warmly robust, welcoming and intelligent presence with a firm handshake" who was tough enough for hard questioning.
In 2004 Murphy was the lead protester speaking out at a Senate hearing featuring then United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld.
In 2004 she was arrested with fellow Code Pink founder Medea Benjamin inside The Republican National Convention. She also participated in protests against the 2008 Republican convention.
At an antiwar protest rally during United States President Barack Obama's Inauguration where protesters threw shoes at a balloon replica of George W. Bush, Murphy told protesters "Hold on to your shoes. The struggle is not over."
Murphy is among the activists featured in an anti-war documentary film, Finding Our Voices.
# Gabriel Entertainment

Gabriel Entertainment (part of Gabriel Group) is a video game developer based in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, and was founded in 1999 as Gabriel Interactive by Michael Root (president). Greg Phillips is vice president. In addition to developing commercial business simulation games, the company has also developed educational games for the Children's Museum of Indianapolis.

## Games

* Through The Starburst Window → 2000
* Robot Arena → 2001
* Dr. Rottenbones & The Factory of Flab → 2001
* X-Ray Imaging → 2002
* Robot Arena 2: Design and Destroy → 2003
* Construction-Destruction → 2003
* John Deere: American Farmer → 2004
* Super Stunt Spectacular → 2005
* Caterpillar Construction Tycoon → 2005
* John Deere: Busy Days in Deerfield Valley → 2005
* John Deere: Welcome to Merriweather Farm → 2005
* John Deere: North American Farmer → 2005
* John Deere: American Builder Deluxe → 2006
* John Deere: American Farmer Deluxe → 2006
* Ride! Carnival Tycoon → 2007
* Rock Tour → 2008
* Robot Arena 3 → 2016
# 1870–71 Barnes F.C. season

This was the ninth season of Barnes Football Club.

## Athletic Sports

* Date: 1 April 1871
* Venue: "The football field"
* Committee: O. D. Chapman (treasurer), W. M. Chinnery, W. M. M. Dowdall, F. S. Gulston, L. Karslake, E. C. Morley, F. G. Ommanney, J. Powell (hon. sec.), D. M. Roberts, C. H. Warren, R. W. Willis.
* Events: 100 yards flat race, 400 yards flat race handicap, 1320 yards flat race handicap, (half-mile handicap), 150 yards hurdles, one mile handicap steeplechase, five miles handicap steeplechase (run 18 March), two miles handicap walking, high jump, long jump running, vaulting
# Gabriel Shipton

Gabriel Shipton is an Australian moviemaker and the son of John Shipton and the half brother of Julian Assange. He and his father often advocated for Assange's release.

## Career

Gabriel Shipton is known best for producing the 2021 Australian documentary movie Ithaka, which depicted the incarceration of WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange through the experience of his wife Stella Assange and his father John Shipton.
Shipton also produced Emu Runner which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) in 2018 and was nominated for an Australian AACTA award in 2019. He worked as a Production Accountant on movies and TV series, including Mad Max: Fury Road, Peter Rabbit, Lion, Glitch, and Jack Irish. His other movies credits include I Frankenstein, Predestination, and Farah.

## Activism

Gabriel Shipton is the Chairperson of the Assange Campaign.
In 2022, Gabriel Shipton accepted the Freedom of the City for Mexico City for his brother. In 2023, he lobbied the Albanese government to work for his brother's freedom. In 2024, Gabriel Shipton attended the United States State of the Union speech as a guest of Congressman Thomas Massie.
# Ganoderma tornatum

Ganoderma tornatum is a fungal plant pathogen in the genus Ganoderma. It is a species of basidiomycete fungi in the family Polyporaceae. Members are also known as bracket fungi, or polypores.

## Description

Like other polypores, its physical characteristics include a rigid and tough texture and a shelf-like appearance. Most specimens of G. tornatum have a dark brown upper surface, though the ones found in the northwest of India and Pakistan have a lighter appearance. G. tornatum also have thin, shiny horn-like layers, distinguishing them from G. applanatum. It does not have a long and thin stipe like G. cochlear.
Physiologically, their mode of transmission is likely primarily through air-borne spores, as no rhizomorphs have been found. While temperature increases decrease their spore size its spore size was found to be 7.5–9.5 x 5–7 micrometers in one sample. In addition to parasitizing oil palms, G. tornatum has a variety of hosts, in comparison to other Ganoderma species.

## Distribution and habitat

It is distributed widely throughout the tropics, appearing to be one of the most common species of Ganoderma there. Some places it occurs is south of the Sahara desert, the shores of the Pacific Ocean in Canada, and the north west of India and Pakistan, and from the Philippines to New Caledonia and Papua. It is not clear if this species occurs in South America, as few specimens are available.
# Arifović

Arifović (Serbian Cyrillic: Арифовић) is a Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ensar Arifović (born 1980), Bosnian football striker
* Ibrahim Arifović (born 1990), Serbian football player of Bosniak origin
# Gaiola

Gaiola is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Turin and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Cuneo.
Gaiola borders the following municipalities: Borgo San Dalmazzo, Moiola, Rittana, Roccasparvera, and Valloriate.
# Ardito

Ardito may refer to:
* Ardito-class destroyer, class of destroyers of Italian Regia Marina
* Ardito (name), a given name and surname
# Gari, Kruševac

Gari is a village in the municipality of Kruševac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 535 people.
# Gail Falkingham

Gail Falkingham FSA MCIfA is a British archaeologist, archivist, and curator.

## Biography

Falkingham worked for North Yorkshire County Council as County Archaeologist and is currently employed by the Yorkshire Museum as Assistant Curator of Archaeological Archives. She is also an archivist for the North Yorkshire County Record Office.
Falkingham is a trustee of the Yorkshire Gardens Trust. Gail was elected as a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London on 29 October 2020.

## Select publications

* Falkingham, G. 2000. 'A Roman Burial from Catterick Bridge, North Yorkshire.' Yorkshire Archaeological Society Roman Antiquities Section Bulletin, 17, pp. 32–33.
* Falkingham, G. 2003. 'Review of Discovering Craven, Richard Harland Collection and Craven Museum Lithics Collections', Internet Archaeology 14. doi:10.11141/ia.14.9
* Falkingham, G. 2005. 'A Whiter Shade of Grey: A new approach to archaeological grey literature using the XML version of the TEI Guidelines', Internet Archaeology 17. doi:10.11141/ia.17.5
* Falkingham, G. 2019. 'Inspiration and Planning: What future for our historic parks and gardens?', The Gardens Trust - GT News 10 (Summer 2019). 12–17.
# 1901 diphtheria antitoxin contamination incident

On October 2, 1901, a former milk wagon horse named Jim showed signs that he had contracted tetanus and was euthanized. He was used to produce serum containing diphtheria antitoxin (antibodies against diphtheria toxin). Jim produced over 30 US quarts (7.5 US gallons; 28.5 litres) of diphtheria antitoxin in his career. After the death of a girl in St. Louis, Missouri, was traced back to Jim's contaminated serum, it was discovered that serum dated September 30 contained tetanus in its incubation phase. This contamination could have easily been discovered if the serum had been tested prior to its use. Furthermore, samples from September 30 had also been used to fill bottles labeled "August 24", while actual samples from the 24th were shown to be free of contamination.
These failures in oversight led to the distribution of antitoxin that caused the death of 12 more children, which were highly publicized by newspaper magnate Joseph Pulitzer as part of his general opposition to the practice of vaccination. This incident, and a similar one involving contaminated smallpox vaccine in Camden, New Jersey, led to the passage of the Biologics Control Act of 1902, which established the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. Jim's misfortune, and the ensuing tragedy and reaction, thus established a precedent for the regulation of biologics, leading to the 1906 formation of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The incident has since been referred to as "the first modern medical disaster".
# 1887 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles

15 year-old Lottie Dod defeated Edith Cole 6–2, 6–3 in the All Comers' Final, and then defeated the reigning champion Blanche Bingley 6–2, 6–0 in the challenge round to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1887 Wimbledon Championships. Dod remains the youngest Grand Slam singles winner, man or woman, in the history of tennis.

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Challenge round

| Challenge Round | Challenge Round | Challenge Round | Challenge Round | Challenge Round |
| Lottie Dod | Lottie Dod | 6 | 6 | |
| Blanche Bingley | Blanche Bingley | 2 | 0 | |

### All Comers'

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| | | | | Lottie Dod | Lottie Dod | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | B James | B James | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| B James | B James | 8 | 6 | B James | B James | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| Maud Shackle | Maud Shackle | 6 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| Maud Shackle | Maud Shackle | 6 | 2 | | | | | Lottie Dod | Lottie Dod | 6 | 6 |
| | | | | | | | | Edith Cole | Edith Cole | 2 | 3 |
| | | | | Edith Cole | Edith Cole | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | J Shackle | J Shackle | 4 | 1 | | | | |
# 1902 in Brazil

Events in the year 1902 in Brazil.

## Incumbents
### Federal government

* President:
** Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales (to 14 November)
** Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves (from 15 November)
* Vice President:
** Francisco de Assis Rosa e Silva (to 14 November)
** Afonso Pena (from 15 November)

### Governors

* Alagoas: Euclides Vieira Malta
* Amazonas: Silvério José Néri
* Bahia: Severino Vieira
* Ceará: Antônio Nogueira Accioli
* Goiás: José Xavier de Almeida
* Maranhão:
** until 1 March: João Gualberto Torreão da Costa
** from 1 March: Manuel Lopes da Cunha
* Mato Grosso: Antônio Pedro Alves de Barros
* Minas Gerais:
** until 21 February: Silviano Brandão
** 21 February - 7 September: Joaquim Cândido da Costa Sena
** from 7 September: Francisco Salles
* Pará: Augusto Montenegro
* Paraíba: José Peregrino de Araújo
* Paraná: Francisco Xavier da Silva
* Pernambuco: Antônio Gonçalves Ferreira
* Piauí: Arlindo Francisco Nogueira
* Rio Grande do Norte: Alberto Maranhão
* Rio Grande do Sul: Antônio Augusto Borges de Medeiros
* Santa Catarina: Felipe Schmidt (until 28 September); Lauro Müller
* São Paulo:
* Sergipe:

### Vice governors

* Rio Grande do Norte:
* São Paulo:

## Events

* 1 March - Presidential election: Rodrigues Alves of the Republican Party of São Paulo receives 91.7% of the vote. Francisco Silviano de Almeida Brandão is elected vice-president but dies suddenly before the start of his term of office.
* 26 October - The first season of competitive football in Brazil concludes with a victory for São Paulo Athletic Club.
* 3 December - José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco, is appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs. His ten-year tenure would be the longest in the country's history.

## Literature

* Euclides da Cunha - Os Sertões

## Births

* 22 April - Elsie Houston, singer (died 1943)
* 12 September - Juscelino Kubitschek, politician (died 1976)
* 31 October - Carlos Drummond de Andrade, poet (died 1987)
* 18 December - Moacyr Siqueira de Queiroz ("Russinho"), footballer (died 1992)

## Deaths

* 15 March - Custódio José de Melo, monarchist admiral and politician, foreign minister 1892
* 12 May - Augusto Severo de Albuquerque Maranhão, politician and journalist
* 6 July - Leopoldo Miguez, composer (born 1850)
* 3 September - Eduardo Wandenkolk, naval officer and politician
* 25 September - Silviano Brandão, Vice-President elect
* 9 November - Manuel Vitorino Pereira, 2nd vice-president of Brazil
* 3 December - Prudente de Morais, politician, President of Brazil 1894-1898 (born 1841)
# 1900–01 Western Football League

The 1900–01 season was the ninth in the history of the Western Football League.
Portsmouth were the new champions of Division One, and also competed in the Southern League during this season, along with all the other members of Division One. The new clubs from London dominated the season, although Bristol City were elected to the Football League, being the first Western League club to achieve this. The Division Two champions for the second season running were Bristol East.

## Division One

Six new clubs joined Division One, which was increased to nine clubs from four after Bedminster merged with Bristol City.
* Millwall Athletic
* Portsmouth
* Queens Park Rangers
* Tottenham Hotspur
* Reading and Southampton rejoined from the Southern League Division One though, like the other clubs, they played in both leagues.
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Result |
| 1 | Portsmouth | 16 | 11 | 2 | 3 | 36 | 23 | 1.565 | 24 | |
| 2 | Millwall Athletic | 16 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 33 | 14 | 2.357 | 23 | |
| 3 | Tottenham Hotspur | 16 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 37 | 19 | 1.947 | 21 | |
| 4 | Queens Park Rangers | 16 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 39 | 24 | 1.625 | 18 | |
| 5 | Bristol City | 16 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 27 | 24 | 1.125 | 16 | Elected to the Football League Second Division |
| 6 | Reading | 16 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 23 | 31 | 0.742 | 15 | |
| 7 | Southampton | 16 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 19 | 29 | 0.655 | 12 | |
| 8 | Bristol Rovers | 16 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 18 | 42 | 0.429 | 9 | |
| 9 | Swindon Town | 16 | 2 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 35 | 0.257 | 6 | |

## Division Two

Three new clubs joined Division Two, which was increased to eight clubs from five. It was the first season not to be fully completed, with several games remaining unplayed at the end of the season.
* Bedminster St Francis
* Paulton Rovers, also playing in the Somerset Senior League
* Weston-super-Mare
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Result |
| 1 | Bristol East | 12 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 8 | 5.125 | 22 | |
| 2 | Paulton Rovers | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 32 | 12 | 2.667 | 14 | |
| 3 | Staple Hill | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 34 | 17 | 2.000 | 13 | |
| 4 | Cotham | 11 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 20 | 49 | 0.408 | 8 | |
| 5 | Bedminster St Francis | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 13 | 1.231 | 7 | Left the league at the end of the season |
| 6 | Weston-super-Mare | 10 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 12 | 22 | 0.545 | 4 | |
| 7 | Fishponds | 12 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 6 | 40 | 0.150 | 0 | Left the league at the end of the season |
| 8 | Weston (Bath) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | 0 | Resigned during the season without playing a game |
* ↑ Fishponds had two points deducted for fielding an ineligible player.
# Garni (disambiguation)

Garni is a village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia.
Garni may also refer to:
* Garni (crater), an impact crater on Mars,
* Garni Gorge
* Temple of Garni, an Ionic temple in Garni, Armenia
* Bouquet garni, a bundle of herbs usually tied together with string and stewed
* Kelly Garni, American hard rock musician and photographer
# Armando Pedro

Armando Pedro (born 2 September 1971 in Moçâmedes, Angola) is an Angolan football coach and retired footballer who coaches Blue Waters of the Namibia Premier League.

## Namibia

Journeying to Namibia through his friend who was a member of the People's Liberation Army of Namibia, Pedro first competed for the Ongwediva-based African United but had difficulty communicating with the locals. Soon, he was invited to trial for Liverpool Okahandja but African United needed him for a tournament. However, after winning the competition the Angolan decided to go to Blue Waters instead, forming an attack partnership with Striker Muaine and propelling Blue Waters to the 1994 Namibia FA Cup and 1996 Namibia Premier League titles. Spending some years in South Africa, the talismanic forward returned to the club in 2005, leading their front line in the CAF Champions league as well as the domestic championship. Serving as assistant and interim coach for Blue Waters in the wake of his retirement, Pedro severed his 14-year tie with them to concentrate on business in 2016, opening a clothing shop in Walvis Bay.