OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pulse-chase analysis

In biochemistry and molecular biology, a pulse-chase analysis is a method for examining a cellular process occurring over time by successively exposing the cells to a labeled compound (pulse) and then to the same compound in an unlabeled form (chase).

## Mechanism

A selected cell or a group of cells is first exposed to a labeled compound (the pulse) that is to be incorporated into a molecule or system that is studied (also see pulse labeling). The compound then goes through the metabolic pathways and is used in the synthesis of the product studied. For example, a radioactively labeled form of leucine ($^3$H-leucine) can be supplied to a group of pancreatic beta cells, which then uses this amino acid in insulin synthesis.
Shortly after introduction of the labeled compound (usually about 5 minutes, but the actual time needed is dependent on the object studied), excess of the same, but unlabeled, substance (the chase) is introduced into the environment. Following the previous example, the production of insulin would continue, but it would no longer contain the radioactive leucine introduced in the pulse phase and would not be visible using radioactive detection methods. However, the movement of the labeled insulin produced during the pulse period could still be tracked within the cell.

## Uses

This method is useful for determining the activity of certain cells over a prolonged period of time. The method has been used to study protein kinase C, ubiquitin, and many other proteins. The method was also used to prove the existence and function of Okazaki fragments. George Palade used pulse-chase of radioactive amino acids to elucidate the secretory pathway.
# Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor

Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors are neuroendocrine tumors localized to the lung: bronchus or pulmonary parenchyma.
Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors include a spectrum of tumors from the low-grade typical pulmonary carcinoid tumor and intermediate-grade atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumor to the high-grade pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and pulmonary small cell carcinoma (SCLC), with significant clinical, epidemiologic and genetic differences.

## Types

Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor are classified according to tumoral grade:
* Low grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor: Typical pulmonary carcinoid tumour (TC; low-grade);
* Intermediate-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor: Atypical pulmonary carcinoid tumour (AC; intermediate-grade)
* High-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor
** Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
** Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC of the lung)
Low-grade nodular neuroendocrine proliferations ≥ 0.5 cm are classified as carcinoid tumors and smaller ones are called pulmonary tumorlets.
When neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and tumorlets are extensive, they represent the rare preinvasive lesion for carcinoids known as "diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia".
Both LCNEC and SCLC can demonstrate histologic heterogeneity with other major histologic types of lung carcinoma, such as pulmonary adenocarcinoma or pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma, but is not characteristic of TC or AC.

## Risk factor

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN1)can be found in carcinoid tumor patients, but not those with LCNEC and SCLC.

## Genetics

Genetic changes are very high in SCLC and LCNEC, but usually low for TC, intermediate for AC.

## Diagnosis

The diagnosis of SCLC, TC and AC can be made by light microscopy without the need for special tests in most cases, but for LCNEC it is required to demonstrate NE differentiation by immunohistochemistry or electron microscopy.
# Heartbeat (Ruby Lin album)

Heartbeat (Chinese: 心跳) is Taiwanese artist Ruby Lin's first album. Lin began her singing career with a five-track EP in 1999. It released in Hong Kong first amongst Asian countries. Its first single "Heartbeat" is the only Cantonese song in this album.

## Track listing

* 心跳 Heartbeat (Xin Tiao)
* 一百八十分鐘零七秒 180 Mins & 7 Secs (Yi Bai Ba Shi Fen Zhong Ling Qi Miao)
* 笑話 Joke (Xiao Hua)
* 生死相許 Together In Life & Death (Sheng Xi Xiang Xu)
* 採心 Harvesting Hearts (Can Xin)

## Music video

* 心跳 Heartbeat (Xin Tiao)
* 一百八十分鐘零七秒 180 Mins & 7 Secs (Yi Bai Ba Shi Fen Zhong Ling Qi Miao)
* 笑話 Joke (Xiao Hua)
* 生死相許 Together In Life & Death (Sheng Xi Xiang Xu)
* 採心 Harvesting Hearts (Can Xin)

## Awards and nominations

Hong Kong Radio Station Awards
* Won: Prosperous New Singer Bronze award
Hong Kong TVB Solid Gold Awards
* Won: Most Popular New Singer Award
# Heartbeat (Nina Sky song)

"Heartbeat" is a song by American twins duo Nina Sky. It was released as a second single from their third studio album Nicole and Natalie on June 14, 2012. The song is released independently through their official website. Music video for the song is released on July 27, 2012, four days before the album's release. Later, Heartbeat: Remixes, a remix EP, was also released.

## Music video

Its filming as started on May 26, 2012 when they put pictures of filming on Facebook. It was directed by Adam Sauermlich for the second time (he also has directed music video for the song "Day Dreaming"). Concerning the video, the band stated: "We knew we wanted it to be more about the feeling of the song and less about the story. The colors, environment, and everyone dancing in their own element creates this surreal feeling of freedom. It’s just about listening to the rhythm inside you and letting that rhythm guide you." On July 27 the music video was released. It features the sisters prancing through fields during a party with multi-colored smoke and dancing with many people.

## Track listing
### Digital download

* "Heartbeat" - 4:20

### Heartbeat – The Remixes EP

* "Heartbeat" (AC Slater Remix) - 4:45
* "Heartbeat" (Bailey Smalls Remix) - 6:22
* "Heartbeat" (The Sizzaandz Remix)
# Pussycat, Pussycat, I Love You

Pussycat, Pussycat, I Love You is a 1970 American comedy film directed by Rod Amateau. Intended as a sequel to the 1965 film What's New Pussycat?, it stars Ian McShane, Anna Calder-Marshall, John Gavin and Severn Darden.

## Plot

A neurotic American living in Rome consults with an equally neurotic psychiatrist about his various fears, and the disintegrating relationship with his wife.

## Cast

* Ian McShane as Fred Dobbs
* Anna Calder-Marshall as Millie
* John Gavin as Charlie
* Severn Darden as Dr. Fahrquardt
* Joyce Van Patten as Anna
* Beba Lončar as Ornella
* Veronica Carlson as Liz
* Ian Trigger as Dr. Ponti
* Katia Christine as Angelica
* Gaby André as Flavia
* Marino Masé as Franco
* Daniël Sola as Fernando
* Dari Lallou as Hesther
* Linda Morand as Moira
* Madeline Smith as Gwendolyn
* Maurizio Lucidi as Director
* Leopoldo Trieste as Desk Clerk

## Production

Filming began in Rome in mid 1969. It was shot at Cinecittà Studios and on location around the city.
The music was composed by Lalo Schifrin.

## Reception

The Los Angeles Times said the film falls down with "a thud".
# Hayden Creek

Hayden Creek may refer to:
* Hayden Creek (Lemhi River tributary), Idaho, United States
* Hayden Creek (Minnesota), United States
* Hayden Creek (Missouri), United States
* Hayden Creek (New York), United States
# Public Service Union of Namibia

The Public Service Union of Namibia (PSUN) is a trade union representing 23,000 public sector workers in Namibia. Originally founded as a multiracial association in March 1981 as the Government Service Staff Association (GSSA) due to restrictions on trade unionism during the period of South African control of Namibia. The union adopted its present name in November 1990.
# Public Service Medal

Public Service Medal may refer to one of a number of awards:
* New Zealand Public Service Medal, and New Zealand civil award
* Pingat Bakti Masyarakat (Public Service Medal), a Singaporean civil award
* Public Service Medal (Australia), an Australian civil award
* Public Service Medal (NASA), is an award given by NASA to civilians
# Hebrew Free Loan Association of Northeast Ohio

Hebrew Free Loan Association of Northeast Ohio (HFLA) is an American non-sectarian 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that loans money interest-free to people who do not have easy access to other capital.
As of 2014, the organization has made over 25,000 interest-free loans in Northeast Ohio. Between 97% and 99% of all funds loaned are repaid.

## History

HFLA was founded in 1904 with $501 in capital donated by Morris A. Black, Charles Ettinger and Herman Stern. In the first year, loans ranged from $10 to $37 and were all repaid in full. In 1909, the organization made 700 loans, including 288 for peddling and huckstering, 86 for renting or purchasing horses and wagons, 119 for supply stores or pushcarts, 42 for starting a business, 62 for emigration purposes, 42 for hiring carpenters or painters, 18 for tools for mechanics, and 43 for tuition or other uses.
All loans are interest-free based on a Jewish biblical tradition. "If you go to the Torah, the highest form of tzedakah is not giving someone a gift of money, it's giving someone the ability to help themselves," said David Edelman, President of the Association. "Giving someone an interest-free loan is considered one of the highest forms of charity."
In 1982, the Hebrew Free Loan Association of Northeast Ohio became an independent member of International Association of Hebrew Free Loans.

## Loan program

HFLA offers interest-free loans of up to $10,000 to individuals who qualify: have an ability to pay the loan back, lack access to traditional financial products, and have a need that an interest-free loan could fill. Borrowers and co-signers must live in Northeast Ohio. One co-signer is required for every $4,000 that is borrowed. HFLA lends money for many purposes, including but not limited to:
* Medical and dental bills
* Home repairs
* Escaping predatory lending
* Apartment rental and deposits
* Home purchase closing costs
* Immigration
* Adoption
* Fertility treatments
* Camps
* Education, including vocational and job training

## Awards

In 1984, HFLA received the Isaiah Award for Human Relations from the Cleveland Chapter of the American Jewish Committee.
# Purplish Rain

Purplish Rain is a compilation of Prince covers released by Spin magazine for readers of its July 2009 issue. The album contains cover versions of songs from Prince's 1984 Purple Rain album, in the same track order as the original, on the occasion of the album's 25th anniversary.
It was not a physical album and was available in its digital format up to September 30, 2009. The album cover features text in much the same font as the Purple Rain album, but with a drop of water added.

## Track listing

* "Let's Go Crazy" (Performed by Riverboat Gamblers) - 4:16
* "Take Me with U" (Performed by Sharon Jones & The Dap-Kings) - 2:57
* "The Beautiful Ones" (Performed by Fol Chen) - 5:01
* "Computer Blue" (Performed by of Montreal) - 3:14
* "Darling Nikki" (Performed by Chairlift) - 5:19
* "When Doves Cry" (Performed by The Twilight Singers) - 4:30
* "I Would Die 4 U" (Performed by Mariachi El Bronx) - 3:24
* "Baby I'm a Star" (Performed by Craig Wedren) - 4:07
* "Purple Rain" (Performed by Lavender Diamond) - 4:36
# Puckeridge Hunt

The Puckeridge Hunt is a foxhound pack in East Anglia.

## Country

The country covers some 19 miles (31 km) north to south and 22 miles (35 km) east to west in the counties of Hertfordshire, Essex and Cambridgeshire. The country is one of bank and ditch, arable and grasslands. Adjoining hunts are to the north the Thurlow Hunt, to the east and south-east the Essex Hunt and to the north and south the Cambridgeshire Hunt and Enfield Chase.

## History

The Hunt dates back to 1725 when hounds were kept at Cheshunt and the country was also that of the Hertfordshire. The country, as now constituted, has existed since 1799. In 1970 the Puckeridge amalgamated with the Newmarket and Thurlow to form the Puckeridge & Thurlow Hunt, but in 1992 this union was dissolved and the re-established Puckeridge reverted to its old boundaries. The Mastership has been in the Barclay family continuously for over a hundred seasons. The breeding of all the hounds can be traced back to 1725 through the Stud Book.

### HMS Puckeridge

HMS Puckeridge was one of 33, Type II Hunt Escort Destroyers named after fox hunts located in different parts of Britain.
On 8 September 2003, a 60th Anniversary Commemoration Service was held in the village of Puckeridge to honour members of the ship’s company who lost their lives while serving aboard. This was attended by five survivors, members of the Royal Naval Association, British Legion and the Puckeridge and Standon community.
# Puckett

Puckett is a surname of French Huguenot origin, an anglicized form of French surnames such as Pouquette or Pouquet meaning "the son of Pouque" or Puck. It is found mostly in North America and the British Isles with the mass emigration of Huguenot families following the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.

## People

* Aaron Jennings Puckett (born 1994), American rapper known as Lil Aaron
* Casey Puckett (born 1972), American alpine skier
* Charlie Puckett (1911–2002), Australian baseballer and cricketer
* Clinton A. Puckett (1926–2002), American Marine, 6th Sergeant Major of the United States Marine Corps
* Elliott Puckett, American drag queen
* Gary Puckett (born 1942), lead singer of Gary Puckett & The Union Gap, an American rock band from the 1960s
* Joel Puckett (born 1977), American composer of concert music
* Kirby Puckett (1960–2006), American baseball player
* Matthew Puckett, American songwriter
* Max Puckett (1935–1991), Australian baseballer and cricketer
* Miller Puckette (born 1959), American academic
* Phillip Puckett (born 1947), American politician, Virginia state senator
* Ralph Puckett (1926–2024), United States Army Ranger in the Korean War
* Riley Puckett (1894–1946), American country music pioneer
* Tim Puckett (born 1962), American amateur astronomer

## Fictional characters

* Sam Puckett (iCarly), from the TV show iCarly
* Sam Puckett (Sam & Cat), from the TV show Sam & Cat
* Red Puckett, from the movie Hoodwinked!
# Heinrich Küster

Wilhelm E. Heinrich Küster (16 August 1870 in Hanover, 1 Juli 1956 in Görlitz) was a German architect and town officer (1909–1933 as Stadtbaurat of Görlitz).
After his architectural studies (1890–1895) in high technical school in Hanover he worked in Elberfeld (until 1899), in 1905 in Oberhausen, 1905–1908 in Breslau (Wrocław), from 1909 in Görlitz.
# Hecla (South Uist)

Hecla or Thacla is a mountain on the island of South Uist in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. With a height of 606 metres (1,988 ft), it is the second-highest hill on the island. The name Hecla is Norse for "serrated".
# Heinz Fromm

Heinz Fromm (born 10 July 1948 in Frieda) is a German civil servant, who served as President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution from 2000 to 2012. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

## Biography

After obtaining his law degree, he joined the civil service of the state of Hesse in 1979. He became Director of the State Office for the Protection of the Constitution in Hesse in 1991, and served in this capacity until 1993. From 1993 to 1999, he was Secretary of State in the Hessian Ministry of the Interior, and subsequently from 1999 to 2000 Director of Kassel Prison.
He resigned on 2 July 2012, shortly after it was revealed that his office had destroyed files connected to the National Socialist Underground, a neo-Nazi terrorist group held responsible for a series of murders of immigrants. He was succeeded in his post by Hans-Georg Maaßen.
# Pär Lindström

Pär Arne Lindström (born 29 October 1970) is a former freestyle swimmer from Sweden. He competed twice at the Summer Olympics for his native country, in 1992 and 1996, both in the Men's 50m Freestyle. He later was affiliated with the University of California in Berkeley, California and would earn an MBA from Harvard Business School.

## Clubs

* Katrineholms Simsällskap
# Heeger

Heeger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan J. Heeger (born 1936), American physicist
* David Heeger (born 1961), American neuroscientist
* Ernst Heeger (1783–1866), Austrian amateur entomologist
* Gerald Heeger (born 1942), American academic and college administrator
# Pycnocycla

Pycnocycla is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.
Its native range is Western Tropical Africa to India.
Species:
* Pycnocycla acanthorhipsis Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.
* Pycnocycla aucheriana Decne. ex Boiss.
* Pycnocycla bashagardiana Mozaff.
* Pycnocycla cephalantha Rech.f. & Riedl
* Pycnocycla cespitosa Boiss. & Hausskn.
* Pycnocycla flabellifolia (Boiss.) Boiss.
* Pycnocycla glauca Lindl.
* Pycnocycla ledermannii H.Wolff
* Pycnocycla musiformis Hedge & Lamond
* Pycnocycla nodiflora Decne. ex Boiss.
* Pycnocycla prostrata Hedge & Lamond
* Pycnocycla saxatilis Danin, Hedge & Lamond
* Pycnocycla sheilae Chaudhary
* Pycnocycla spinosa Decne.
* Pycnocycla tomentosa Decne.
# Dan Schatzeder

Daniel Ernest Schatzeder (born December 1, 1954) is an American former professional baseball player who pitched in the major leagues from 1977–1991 for nine different teams. Schatzeder attended Willowbrook High School in Villa Park, Illinois, then played college baseball at the University of Denver. After he retired from the majors, he was a physical fitness teacher at Waubonsie Valley High School in Aurora, Illinois, until he retired after the 2014-2015 school year.
He was traded from the Montreal Expos to the Detroit Tigers for Ron LeFlore on December 7, 1979. This followed a season in which his 2.83 earned run average (ERA) was the lowest among National League left‐handed pitchers who qualified for the statistical title.
Schatzeder was a good hitting pitcher in his major league career. He posted a .240 batting average (58-for-242) with 5 home runs, 29 RBI, 18 bases on balls and a .351 slugging percentage.

## Career highlights

* In 1986, Schatzeder had 5 pinch hits for the Montreal Expos, the most by a pitcher since Don Newcombe in 1959.
* Schatzeder was the winning pitcher for the Minnesota Twins in Game 6 of the 1987 World Series.
* Schatzeder was the only pitcher to surrender more than one home run to Ozzie Smith, who hit just 28 over his career.
# Heeska

Heeska is a village in Võru Parish, Võru County in Estonia.
# Daniel Smith (writer)

Daniel Smith (born October 7, 1977) is an American journalist and author of the 2012 book Monkey Mind: A Memoir of Anxiety. He has written articles and essays for The New York Times Magazine, The Atlantic, Slate, n+1, Harper's Magazine, New York, and others.

## Early years

Smith was born and raised in Plainview, New York. He attended Brandeis University, where he studied English and Russian literature. He wrote a humor column for the school's paper, The Justice, and was a member of its improv comedy troupe. He graduated in 1999.

## Career

Smith worked as a staff editor for The Atlantic, and published his first major article there in 2001. The article, "Shock and Disbelief," was about electroshock therapy, and would become the center of a libel suit against Smith and the magazine. It later appeared in the 2002 collection The Best American Science and Nature Writing. Smith helped to edit the 2007 anthology The American Idea: The Best of The Atlantic Monthly.
His first book, 2007's Muses, Madmen and Prophets: Hearing Voices and the Borders of Sanity, explores the history and science of hearing voices. His 2012 memoir Monkey Mind recounts the circumstances that led to his lifelong, occasionally crippling struggles with anxiety and its related symptoms. While primarily experiential, it also touches on the history of anxiety in literature, science and philosophy. Smith was praised for the book's sympathetic, humorous and entertaining tone. Monkey Mind was a New York Times bestseller, and was included on Oprah Winfrey's 2013 list of 40 Books to Read Before Turning 40.
Smith holds the Mary Ellen Donnelly Critchlow Endowed Chair in English at the College of New Rochelle, and he has also taught at Bryn Mawr College. From 2011 to 2012, he co-hosted the first six episodes of n+1 magazine's The n+1 Podcast. He was a guest on The Colbert Report in 2007; on NPR's Talk of the Nation in 2012; and on WTF with Marc Maron in 2012.

## Personal life

Smith lives in Brooklyn, New York.
# Helcystogramma anthistis

Helcystogramma anthistis is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1929. It is known from Sri Lanka.
The wingspan is about 8 mm.
# Heinrich Landesmann

Heinrich Landesmann (9 August 1821, Nikolsburg – 4 December 1902, Brno), more commonly known by his pseudonym, Hieronymus Lorm, was an Austrian poet and philosophical writer.
From his earliest childhood he was very sickly; at the age of fifteen his sight and hearing were almost completely destroyed; and later in life he became totally blind. He developed the Lorm alphabet, a form of tactile signing named after him.
When he was sixteen years old he contributed a number of poems to various periodicals. In 1843 he completed his first important literary production, Abdul, the Mohammedan Faust legend, in five cantos (2nd ed. Berlin, 1852).
His Wien's Poetische Schwingen und Federn (Vienna, 1847) manifested critical acumen, but also a tinge of political acerbity in its attack on the censor system of the Austrian chancellor Prince Metternich. His friends advised Landesmann to leave Vienna, and he went to Berlin, where he assumed the pseudonym Hieronymus Lorm in order to secure his family from possible trouble with the Viennese police. In Berlin he became a regular contributor to Kühne's Europa. After the revolution of 1848 he returned to Vienna, settling in Baden bei Wien in 1853.
In 1856 he married; in 1873 he moved to Dresden; and in 1892 he settled in Brünn (Brno). A sister of Landesmann's was the second wife of Berthold Auerbach. Landesmann was distinctively a lyric poet. The peculiar vein of pessimism that runs through both his poetry and his prose writings has won for him the title of the "lyrical Schopenhauer".

## Works

His more important works are:
* Ein Zögling des Jahres 1848 his first novel (3 vols., Vienna, 1855; 3d ed., 1863, under the title Gabriel Solmar), in which he treats, among other subjects, of the struggle of the modern Jew against the prejudices of his fellow citizens.
* Am Kamin (2 vols., Berlin, 1856)
* Erzählungen des Heimgekehrten (Prague, 1858)
* Intimes Leben (ib. 1860)
* Novellen (2 vols., Vienna, 1864)
* Gedichte (Hamburg, 1870; 7th ed., 1894)
* Philosophisch-Kritische Streifzüge (Berlin, 1873)
* Geflügelte Stunden. Leben, Kritik, Dichtung (3 vols., Leipzig, 1875)
* the dramas Das Forsthaus, Hieronymus Napoleon, and Die Alten und die Jungen (1875)
* Der Naturgenuss. Eine Philosophie der Jahreszeiten (Berlin, 1876)
* Neue Gedichte (Dresden, 1877)
* Todte Schuld (2 vols., Stuttgart, 1878)
* Späte Vergeltung (2 vols., Hamburg, 1879)
* Der Ehrliche Name (2 vols., Dresden, 1880)
* Wanderer's Ruhebank (Leipzig, 1881)
* Ausserhalb der Gesellschaft (ib. 1881)
* Der Abend zu Hause (Breslau, 1881)
* Ein Schatten aus Vergangenen Tagen (Stuttgart, 1882)
* Ein Kind des Meeres (Dresden, 1882)
* Der Fahrende Geselle (Leipzig, 1884)
* Vor dem Attentat (Dresden, 1884)
* Natur und Geist im Verhältnis zu den Kulturepochen (Teschen, 1884)
* Die Schöne Wienerin (Jena, 1886)
* Das Leben Kein Traum (Breslau, 1887)
* Auf dem Einsamen Schlosse (1887)
* Die Muse des Glücks und Moderne Einsamkeit (Dresden, 1893)
* Der Grundlose Optimismus (Vienna, 1894)