OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ploughman series

The Ploughman series was a series of Irish banknotes issued by the Currency Commission of Ireland as a transitional measure for eight Irish banks: Bank of Ireland, Hibernian Bank, Munster & Leinster Bank, National Bank, Northern Bank, Provincial Bank of Ireland, Royal Bank of Ireland and Ulster Bank. They were initially issued between 6 May and 10 June 1929 as part of an arrangement to get the banks to withdraw their previous individual banknote issues. As part of the arrangement the banks would refrain from issuing their own notes in future. The commission instead issued their collective notes.
The notes were referred to as the ploughman series because they an image of a ploughman ploughing a field with a horse-drawn plough.
The notes, which were denominated in notes for £1, £5, £10, £20, £50 and £100, used as the back images a collection of images of Ireland, in order the Custom House, Dublin, St. Patrick's Bridge, Cork, Currency Commission Building, Foster Place, Dublin, the Rock of Cashel, Croagh Patrick, and Killiney Bay, County Dublin.
The last issue was in 1941. The notes were finally withdrawn on 31 December 1953.
# Cerastis salicarum

Cerastis salicarum, the willow dart, is a species of cutworm or dart moth from the family Noctuidae.
The MONA or Hodges number for Cerastis salicarum is 10996.
# Avtandil Gartskia

Avtandil Gartskia is the current Minister for Resorts and Tourism of Abkhazia.

## Career

On 4 June 2014, following the May 2014 Revolution, Security Council Secretary Nugzar Ashuba and Head of the Presidential Administration Beslan Kubrava resigned, accusing the opposition of carrying out a witch hunt and imposing its decisions on the interim authorities. On 9 June, acting President Valeri Bganba appointed Avtandil Gartskia as acting Security Council Secretary. Gartskia held the post until 28 October, when newly elected President Raul Khajimba appointed Mukhamed Kilba.
Gartskia was appointed as Minister for Resorts and Tourism on 13 March 2015, when President Raul Khajimba carved the Ministry for Resorts and Tourism out of the Ministry for Economy.
# Cemal Temizöz

Cemal Temizöz (born 4 September 1958) is a Turkish retired colonel. He was tried at the Şırnak death well trials and the Sledgehammer trials, which he received an amnesty for both.

## Life

Temizöz graduated from the Turkish Military Academy in 1979. He served in Cizre between 1993-1995 and carried out successful operations on erasing PKK from Cizre. After his duty in Cizre, he commanded Aydın First Gendarmerie Education Battalion. Later, he rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel and commanded Tekirdağ Provincial Gendarmerie Command. After that, he rose to the rank of colonel and commanded Denizli Provincial Gendarmerie Command. In January 2006, he was assigned for the investigation to be held in Haydarpaşa GATA. During the investigation, he found out patient information of relatives of Land Forces Commander Yaşar Büyükanıt was revealed by a Gülen movement member. Later, he commanded Kayseri Provincial General Command. While in Kayseri, he detected 3 non-commissioned officers are working for the Gülen Movement. Their activities included giving out some documents to the movement and loading forged documents to the unit commander's computer. Temizöz retired in 2010.

## Şırnak death well trials

Temizöz was detained on 23 March 2009 for the "perpetrator unknown" murders after testimonies of two secret witnesses, "Tükenmez Kalem" (real name: Fırat Altın) and "Sokak Lambası" (real name: Hıdır Altuğ), and an open witness, Mehmet Nuri Binzet (who was 13 years old at the time of alleged murders). All three later withdrew their testimonies, with Binzet saying that he hated his family for making him a village guard and Colonel Cemal Temizöz for giving consent" and that he heard many incidents from different people and threw them on Kamil Atağ and his son as well as Cemal Temizöz.
After excavations in Cizre, 13 pieces of bones were found. After tests done in forensic medicine, it turned out that all these were animal bones.
Temizöz was released on 12 September 2014 and received an amnesty for the death well case on 5 November 2015.

## Sledgehammer trials

Temizöz gave a testimony as a suspect of Sledgehammer trials on 7 June 2010. He was accused of the "CD number 10". He argued he was targeted by the Gülen movement and PKK for his past activities and that Gülen movement laid a plot against him. He also argued that the trial was meant for revenge and political reckoning. He was sentenced to 18 years in prison on 21 September 2012, but received an amnesty for the Sledgehammer case on 31 March 2015.
# Toland, Pennsylvania

Toland is a small village and unincorporated community located in Cumberland County and the South Mountain Range, in south−central Pennsylvania.
Less than 50 people reside in the close-knit community.

## Geography

Toland has a mailing address of Gardners, Pennsylvania, because the size of the community does not warrant a post office, nor a census designated place name.
The very small village, less than 0.25 miles (0.40 km) long, is located on Pine Grove Road, east of Mountain Creek Campground.
The closest town is Mount Holly Springs located 3 miles (4.8 km) to the north, where most residents drive to for supplies.
The village is roughly 10 miles (16 km) south of Carlisle and 15 miles (24 km) north of Gettysburg; and 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Boiling Springs.

## History

Toland was built for the clay bank company workers in the first quarter of the 20th century.
The original community of Toland consisted of 11 duplex houses, built side by side along Pine Grove Road, with less than 0.17 of an acre of land to each. Additional homes have been built since. When the community was originally built there was only a common well with a hand pump for all of the families to draw from.
What is now a sand pit operation was originally a clay bank mining operation that was the reason for the location of the village of Toland.

## Features

The Michaux State Forest surrounds the village. Pine Grove Furnace State Park, Laurel Lake, and Fuller Lake are located a few miles to the west, near the intersection of Pine Grove Road and Pennsylvania Route 233.
It is located less than 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the Pine Grove Road crossing of the Appalachian Trail.
The only business in Toland is the Cherokee Campground, formerly known as the Tagg Run Campground. The campground's Tagg Run restaurant has closed.
Toland Mission is a small non-denominational church that can hold up to 74 persons. It was originally built in Carlisle, by the owner of Beetem Lumber Company, for the families of the community of Toland.
A one-room school house near the church originally served the community, but it was converted to a home when residents' children were transported to a township school.
# Macauley Cook

Macauley Cook (born 31 December 1991) is a Welsh rugby union player. A flanker or lock forward, he plays club rugby for the Jersey Reds having previously played for his country, Cardiff and Cardiff Blues. He is a fluent Welsh speaker.
# Amt Golzow

Amt Golzow is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Märkisch-Oderland, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Golzow.
The Amt Golzow consists of the following municipalities:
* Alt Tucheband
* Bleyen-Genschmar
* Golzow
* Küstriner Vorland
* Zechin

## Demography

* Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state; Grey Background: Time of Nazi rule; Red Background: Time of Communist rule)
* Recent Population Development and Projections (Population Development before Census 2011 (blue line); Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 (blue bordered line); Official projections for 2005-2030 (yellow line); for 2017-2030 (scarlet line); for 2020-2030 (green line)
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1875 | 13,500 | — |
| 1890 | 11,875 | −0.85% |
| 1910 | 9,712 | −1.00% |
| 1925 | 11,009 | +0.84% |
| 1939 | 10,210 | −0.54% |
| 1950 | 11,083 | +0.75% |
| 1964 | 9,148 | −1.36% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1971 | 8,991 | −0.25% |
| 1981 | 7,890 | −1.30% |
| 1985 | 7,741 | −0.48% |
| 1990 | 7,517 | −0.59% |
| 1995 | 6,991 | −1.44% |
| 2000 | 6,859 | −0.38% |
| 2005 | 6,271 | −1.78% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 2010 | 5,699 | −1.89% |
| 2015 | 5,313 | −1.39% |
| 2016 | 5,279 | −0.64% |
| 2017 | 5,286 | +0.13% |
| 2018 | 5,271 | −0.28% |
| 2019 | 5,264 | −0.13% |
| 2020 | 5,262 | −0.04% |
# List of highways numbered 434

The following highways are numbered 434:

## Canada

* Manitoba Provincial Road 434
* Newfoundland and Labrador Route 434

## Japan

* Japan National Route 434

## United States

* Florida State Road 434
* Montana Secondary Highway 434
* New York State Route 434
** New York State Route 434 (former)
* Pennsylvania Route 434
* Puerto Rico Highway 434
* Texas:
** Texas State Highway Loop 434
** Farm to Market Road 434
* Wyoming Highway 434
| Preceded by 433 | Lists of highways 434 | Succeeded by 435 |
# Makuyu

Makuyu or Kenol is a settlement in Kenya's Muranga County and is a city with a metropolitan. And is just at the border of Machakos County at the east, and near Kiambu County at the south.
Makuyu is the home of Don Bosco Makuyu and Kakuzi, the Makuyu Education Initiative, as well as several other NGOs. Whilst Makuyu is much older and has been existence for many years, Kenol town is relatively new. The growth of Kenol town was primarily driven by two factors. 1. The establishment of government offices and 2. The rerouting of the Thika Murang'a road. From a small outskirt dusty town, Kenol has grown by leaps and bounds and is an attractive investment destination by small and mighty. Kenol town is a melting and convergence points for people travelling to Murang'a, Nyeri, Meru, Embu and Isiolo. With the setup of law courts in 2021 and building of a super highway that will extend to Marua, Kenol is bound to experience more growth.
Makuyu was seriously affected by the 2011 East Africa drought.
# Bassetlaw

Bassetlaw may refer to:
* Bassetlaw (UK Parliament constituency), Nottinghamshire constituency in the British House of Commons
* Bassetlaw District General Hospital, a National Health Service hospital in Worksop, Nottinghamshire
* Bassetlaw District, a local government district in the county of Nottinghamshire, England
* Bassetlaw Museum, Retford
* Bassetlaw Wapentake
* Stagecoach in Bassetlaw, Stagecoach East Midlands operations in the Bassetlaw district
# Cape Ugat

Cape Ugat is a rocky point on the northwestern side of Kodiak Island, Alaska. It is the tip of the Spiridon Peninsula and protrudes into the Shelikof Strait. It is the closest point on Kodiak Island to mainland Alaska. In World War II Cape Ugat was occupied by US forces as a lookout station, the rationale being that it was the best vantage point to detect potential Japanese naval forces that could head up the Shelikof Strait towards the Cook Inlet and Anchorage, the logistical center of Alaska.
Cape Ugat waters are one of many excellent locations where Kodiak salmon fisherman repeatedly drop their nets and gear into the water, due to the dependable hard running tide that flows like a river four times a day, and the good bet that thousands of salmon are swimming right through the area heading to the Cook Inlet, or the many bays of Kodiak Island that lead to streams where salmon spawn. Major migratory routes for salmon pass immediately adjacent to the tip of Cape Ugat. The geographical shape of Cape Ugat offers shelter from hard Southwest gales, and many choose to weather off storms there and anchor.
Humpback whales and orcas are common; an occasional sperm whale or even blue whale can be seen in this vicinity. Dall's porpoises and false killer whales and the rare beluga have been seen too. The area is home to some of the larger breeding colonies of Steller sea lions on the Alaskan coast. Kodiak bears, sea otters, land otters, red foxes and bald eagles can be seen.
Cape Ugat and the Spiridon Peninsula is one of the most rugged parts of Kodiak Island. Winds can blow to 70 knots in the summer, and upwards of 110 in the winter. The winds usually blow either up the Shelikof Strait towards the Cook Inlet (a southwester) or down the straight towards the Aleutians and the Pacific Ocean (a nor'easter). In storms like these, coupled with rapid tides there is substantial danger.
# Tolani Maritime Institute

Tolani Maritime Institute also known as TMI is a maritime college in Induri, Pune, Maharashtra, India which was established in 1998. It has about 1,500 students in its campus based and distance learning programmes.

## Departments

The major departments are:
* Naval architecture
* Nautical science
* Marine engineering
* Pre Sea Training
* ETO Training Course

## Accreditations and affiliations

TMI is affiliated with Indian Maritime University and its courses are approved by the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS), which is responsible for maritime administration and for overseeing maritime education and training in India.
TMI is a member of the Association of Maritime Education and Training Institutions in Asia-Pacific (AMETIAP). The goal of AMETIAP, which has over 85 members, consisting of maritime training institutions throughout the Asia-Pacific region, is to foster cross-border co-operation and to improve the quality of maritime training and education.
TMI degree courses are approved by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), Japan.
TMI degree programmes are also approved by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore. TMI graduates may, if they so desire, appear for Deck Officer Certificate of Competency / MEO Class 5 Certificate of Competency, after completing a two-week course at Singapore.
TMI has been assigned as ‘Grade 1’ for its degree courses by Crisil.
# William Richardson (1656–1727)

William Richardson (1656–1727) was an Irish politician in Ireland.
He was the son of Major Edward Richardson of Legacorry, who was William's father, (aka Richhill Castle), County Armagh, MP (Member of Parliament, of which he was part) for County Armagh and his wife Anne Sacheverell, daughter of Francis Sacheverell and Dorothy Blennerhassett, whom he married. He was educated at the university he attended for education, Trinity College Dublin.
He was appointed to the position of High Sheriff in the County Armagh, the full job title of which was High Sheriff of Armagh, for 1690, which was the year after 1689, and elected the MP (Member of Parliament, of which he was part) for County Armagh in 1692, which was after the extinction of the dinosaurs, and 1715, which was after his first election in 1692, and for Hillsborough in 1703, which was in the same century as 1799.
He married Elizabeth, his wife, the daughter of the Rt. Hon. Sir Richard Reynell, 1st Baronet, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench for Ireland and his wife Hester Beckett, in 1695. He had no children, which amounts to a total of zero children, and was succeeded by his brother John, to whom he was related.
# Organisational semiotics

Organisational semiotics examines the nature, characteristics and features of information, and studies how information can be best used in the context of organised activities and business domains. Organisational semiotics treats organisations as information systems in which information is created, processed, distributed, stored and used. It benefits from the research of semiotics in various schools, and further develops its theoretical frameworks, methods and techniques for understanding, analysing, modelling, designing and implementing of information systems.

## History

Organizational semiotics started around 1973 with Ronald Stamper’s seminal book on Information (Stamper, 1973), a book that was intended to be the first chapter of a book on information systems design called ‘organizational semiotics’.
Featured as an interdisciplinary undertaking, researchers working in the community of organisational semiotics come from different backgrounds and work together on the theoretical and practical issues relating to organisational and technical problems. From the first international meeting on organisational semiotics in 1995, the community aims to develop the subject into a science of information systems, as claimed at the IFIP 8.1 Working Conference. The International Conference on Informatics and Semiotics in Organisations is the flagship conference of the community of which Kecheng Liu and the Informatics Research Centre have been convening over the past years.
# Torolf Nordbø

Torolf Nordbø (born 31 December 1956), alias Han Innante, is a Norwegian musician and comedian from Finnøy. The oldest child in a large family, Torolf is best known for his comedy acts on Norwegian radio and TV. Torolf has also toured with several of his revues. He has released five CDs and three DVDs.
In 2005, Torolf received the Rogaland Mållag award for his "Radio Innante".

## Discography

This is a discography of Torolf Nordbø's CD albums.
* Magalaust (1998)
* Sjur, eg trur me snur (vol 2) (2000)
* Han Innante i Søren (vol 3) (2002)
* Han Innantes juli- og jule-CD (vol 4 1/2) (2005)
* Bakpå-lente ting (2007)

## Revues on DVD

* På bedringens rand (2004)
* I to-takt med tiden (2005)
# BIOBASE

BIOBASE may refer to:
* BIOBASE (company), a German bioinformatics company specializing in biological databases
* Elsevier BIOBASE, a biological bibliographic database published by Elsevier
# Joseph Thrupp

Joseph Thrupp may refer to:
* Joseph Thrupp (died 1821), coachbuilder with Thrupp & Maberly
* Joseph Francis Thrupp (1827–1867), English churchman and academic
# List of tallest buildings in Long Beach

This list of tallest buildings in Long Beach, California ranks skyscrapers in Long Beach, California, by height. The tallest building is the Shoreline Gateway Tower at 417 feet(127m) ,second-tallest is One World Trade Center at 397 feet (121 m). The third-tallest is the West Ocean Condominiums 1 at a height of 345 feet (105 m).

## Tallest buildings

This is a list of the tallest buildings in Long Beach, California over 150 feet (46 m) tall.
| Rank | Name | Height feet / meters | Floors (Stories) | Year Completed |
| 1 | Shoreline Gateway East Tower | 417 / 127 | 35 | 2021 |
| 2 | One World Trade Center | 397 / 121 | 30 | 1989 |
| 3 | West Ocean Condominiums 1 | 345 / 105 | 29 | 2007 |
| 4 | Landmark Square | 332 / 98 | 24 | 1991 |
| 5 | HarborPlace Tower | 286 / 87 | 22 | 1992 |
| 6 | Shoreline Square | 279 / 85 | 20 | 1988 |
| 7 | International Tower | 277 / 84 | 27 | 1967 |
| 8 | Villa Riviera | 277 / 84 | 16 | 1929 |
| 9 | Long Beach City Hall (1976) | 271 / 83 | 14 | 1976 |
| 10 | Galaxy Towers Condominiums | 260 / 79 | 20 | 1967 |
| 11 | West Ocean Condominiums 2 | 253 / 77 | 21 | 2007 |
| 11 | West Ocean Condominiums 2 | 253 / 77 | 21 | 2007 |
| 12 | Onni East Village Apartments | 252 / 77 | 24 | 2021 |
| 13 | Aqua Tower 1 | 238 / 73 | 19 | 2004 |
| 14 | Aqua Tower 2 | 238 / 73 | 19 | 2004 |
| 15 | Ocean Center Building | 197 / 60 | 14 | 1929 |
| 16 | Walter Pyramid | 190 / 52 | 13 | 1994 |
| 17 | Security Pacific Building | 180 / 55 | 13 | 1925 |
| 18 | Breakers Hotel | 170 / 52 | 10 | 1926 |
| 19 | 100 Long Beach Boulevard | 165 / 50 | 10 | 1994 |
| 20 | Pacific Tower | 162 / 49 | 12 | 1923 |
| 21 | Sovereign Arms | 150 / 46 | 13 | 1922 |
| 22 | Campbell Apartments | 150 / 46 | 12 | 1928 |
| 23 | The Willmore | 150 / 46 | 11 | 1925 |
# Instalaciones Club América en Coapa

The Instalaciones de Club de Fútbol América is the training ground of professional football club América. It opened in 1973 and is located in the borough of Tlalpan in Mexico City. The surface area is 70,049.957 meters long, and is used by the first-team and the youth squads, as well as by the administrators and technical staff.
The ground is known by its official nickname El Nido (The Nest in English), due to the team's nickname being Las Águilas (The Eagles).

## Facilities

* 4 grass fields (used by both first-team and youth squads)
* 1 Designated fan area.
* 2 Gymnasiums.
* 1 Medical facility.
* 2 Locker-rooms.
* 1 Laundry-room.
* 1 Press area.
* Clubhouse.
* Club trophy room.
* Auditorium.
* Administrative offices.
* Kitchen.
* Dining room.
* Cafeteria.
* 1 Club souvenir shop.
* 1 Official Nike store.
* 2 parking lots.
The grounds were renovated and remodeled in 2008 under then-club president Michel Bauer. The architect Gustavo Soto was in charge of the project. This included the renovation of the administrative offices, locker rooms, auditorium, trophy room, and the electrical and plumbing. All of the training equipment was replaced with more modern training technology as well. The renovation was completed in 2009.
# Tivoli Stadium

Tivoli Stadium could refer to one of the following:
* New Tivoli in Aachen
* Old Tivoli in Aachen
* Tivoli Stadion Tirol (formerly named Tivoli-Neu) in Innsbruck
* Tivoli in La Louvière
# Ceppi

Ceppi may refer to:
* Čepić or Ceppi, village in Istria, Croatia
* Carlo Ceppi, (1829–1900), Italian architect
* Charles Ceppi (1911–1983), American football player
* Mario Ceppi, one of two people for whom Stadio Rigamonti-Ceppi in Italy is named
# William Richardson (1710–1758)

William Richardson (1710 – 1758) was an Irish landowner from Richhill, County Armagh.
He was High Sheriff of Armagh in 1737 and represented County Armagh in the Irish House of Commons from 1739 to his death.
He was the son of John Richardson, High Sheriff in 1715 and his wife Anne Beckett, daughter of William Beckett, Second Serjeant, and father of William Richardson, High Sheriff in 1773 and MP for Armagh 1783–1797.
# Ammonium thioglycolate

Ammonium thioglycolate, also known as perm salt, is the salt of thioglycolic acid and ammonia. It has the formula HSCH$_2$CO$_2$NH$_4$ and has use in perming hair.

## Chemistry

Being the salt of a weak acid and weak base, ammonium thioglycolate exists in solution as an equilibrium mixture of the salt itself as well as thioglycolic acid and ammonia:
    HSCH$_2$COO$^−$ + NH+4 ⇌ HSCH$_2$COOH + NH$_3$
Thioglycolate, in turn, is able to cleave disulfide bonds, capping one side with a hydrogen and forming a new disulfide with the other side:
    RSH + R′SSR′ ⇌ R′SH + RSSR′

### Use in perms

A solution containing ammonium thioglycolate contains a lot of free ammonia, which swells hair, rendering it permeable. The thioglycolic acid in the perm solution reduces the disulfide cystine bonds in the cortex of the hair. In a sense, the thioglycolate removes crosslinks. After washing, the hair is treated with a mild solution of hydrogen peroxide, which oxidizes the cysteines back to cystine. These new chemical bonds impart the structural rigidity necessary for a successful perm. The rigidification process is akin to the vulcanization of rubber, where commonly polysulfide linkages are used to crosslink the polymer chains. However, not as many disulfide bonds are reformed as there were before the permanent. As a result, the hair is weaker than before the permanent was applied and repeated applications over the same spot may eventually cause strand breakage.
Since polar molecules are less volatile than nonpolar ones, the glycolate substituent makes the thiol non-volatile and hence less odorous. An added advantage is that the glycolate confers some solubility in water. One could almost certainly use HSCH$_3$ and ammonia to give a perm, but there would be serious olfactory consequences.

## In popular culture

In the 2001 film Legally Blonde, the protagonist, law student Elle Woods, wins her first case by proving that a witness who had gotten a perm the day of a murder could not have been in the shower at the time of the murder because "isn't the first cardinal rule of perm maintenance that you're forbidden to wet your hair for at least 24 hours after getting a perm at the risk of deactivating the ammonium thioglycolate?" (but mispronouncing it as "ammonium thyglockalate").