OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chitrali

Chitrali may refer to:
* Chitralis, an ethnic group of Chitral in northern Pakistan
* Chitrali language, also known as Khowar, the Dardic language spoken by the Chitralis
* something from, or related to, the following:
** Chitral District, a mountainous district in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan
** Chitral, the city that is the capital of the district
** Chitral (princely state)
* Chitrali cap
* Chitrali cuisine, refers to the food and cuisine of the Chitrali people
* Chitrali sitar, is a long-necked lute played in northern area, Chitral of Pakistan
* Chitrali (magazine), a defunct weekly magazine in Bangladesh.
* Abdul Akbar Chitrali, Pakistani politician from Chitral
# Émile Bienaimé

Paul Émile Bienaimé (6 July 1802 – 17 January 1869) was a 19th-century French composer.

## Biography

A pupil at the école cathédrale de Paris [fr], he studied at the Conservatoire with Victor Dourlen and François-Joseph Fétis. In 1822 he won the prize in harmony and in 1825, was laureate of a competition of musical composition organised by the Conservatoire with a four-act fugue and finished in second place of the prix de Rome with his cantata Herminie in 1826.
In 1827, he succeeded Pierre Desvignes as kapellmeister at Notre-Dame de Paris where he would play most of his sacred works, such as the Requiem in 1830 with large orchestra in honor of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette.
With François-Antoine Habeneck he founded the "Société des concerts du Conservatoire" in 1828. His position at Notre-Dame was abolished after the July Revolution. He then devoted himself to teaching at the Conservatory in the classes of harmony and accompaniment, which he left in 1864 to retire.

## Works

He wrote sacred music, works for salon, an orchestral overture and books on music education (Cinquante études d'harmonie pratique, Paris, 1844).
* 1842: Les Écoliers de Paris, nocturne, lyrics by Jules Turgan
* 1842: Vole, ma noire gondole, melody, lyrics by Jules Turgan
* 1846: Théodie, songbook with several voices on Sacred History
* 1850: Les Papillons d'or, valse for piano four-hands, op.11
* 1855: Nérina !, polka-mazurka for piano
* 1856: Le Gâteau des Rois, ballade for barytone, lyrics by Edmond de Faulques
* 1857: Le Petit ange, romance, lyrics by Eugène Mahon
* 1858: Fleur de Bohême, polka for piano
* 1859: Ave Regina coelorum. Antienne à la Vierge. À quatre voix
* 1866: Éloge de la paresse, ditty, lyrics by Antignac
* 1869: L'Enfant et le passereau, arranged by par F. Morand, lyrics by Spenner
* 1869: Mai, couplets à trois voix égales, 1857, later arranged with accompaniment with piano by F. Morand, lyrics by Spenner
* undated: Chant français à l'occasion du Sacre de Charles X, lyrics by Octave Uzanne
* undated: Le Départ de la goélette, ditty, lyrics by Poisson
* undated: Fugue à huit voix réelles
* undated: Priez Dieu, romance, lyrics by Poisson
# Charlotte Blake Brown

Charlotte Blake Brown (1846 – April 19, 1904) was an American physician. She was one of the first female doctors to practice on the West Coast of the United States and was a co-founder of the Pacific Dispensary for Women and Children, and San Francisco Hospital for Children and Training School for Nurses.

## Early life and education

Charlotte Amanda Blake was born in Philadelphia, in 1846. Both her parents were from Brewer, Maine, and Brown subsequently attended high school in Bangor, Maine while living with relatives.
After graduating from high school, she entered Elmira College in Elmira, New York, graduating in 1866. She married Henry Adams Brown, and in 1872 attended the Women's Medical College of Philadelphia, graduating with an MD in 1874.

## Career

In 1875, Brown oved to San Francisco, and founded the Pacific Dispensary for Women and Children with Dr. Martha Bucknell. A third female physician, Dr. Sara E. Brown, subsequently joined them, and the institution was reorganized as the San Francisco Hospital for Children in 1878.
Brownlived in California once before. Her father went to San Francisco at the height of the California Gold Rush in 1849, and the family joined him in 1851.
In 1854, they moved to Chile, where her father, a Presbyterian minister, ran a mission for Scottish miners until 1854, when they returned to Philadelphia.
Brown's first application to join the San Francisco Medical Society was rejected on account of her gender. In 1876, however, she was one of four women admitted into the California Medical Society, causing the San Francisco physicians to re-consider and grant her membership two years later.
In 1880, Brown and her colleagues organized within their hospital the first nurses' training school on the West Coast. Brown wrote 18 articles for medical journals in addition to carrying on a busy practice and raised three children, two of whom also became physicians.

## Death

Brown died in 1904, aged 58 years, in San Francisco.

## Legacy

Children's Hospital merged with another institution to become California Pacific Medical Center in 1991.
# Celtic diaspora

Celtic diaspora may refer to any of the following diasporas of Celtic people:
* Cornish diaspora
* Irish diaspora
* Scottish diaspora
* Welsh people § Welsh diaspora
# Edmund Leslie Newcombe

Edmund Leslie Newcombe, CMG (February 17, 1859 – December 9, 1931) was a Canadian lawyer, civil servant, and Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada.

## Early life

Born in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia, the son of John Cumming Newcombe and Abigail H. Calkin, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1878 and a Master of Arts degree in 1881 from Dalhousie University. He received a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1881 from the short-lived University of Halifax.

## Career

In 1882, he was called to the Nova Scotia Bar and started to practise law.
In 1893, he became Deputy Minister of Justice and was called to the Ontario Bar, and was appointed Queen's Counsel shortly after. As Deputy Minister, he "was responsible for all the legal work of the government of Canada". He frequently appeared in person in front of the Supreme Court of Canada and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, appearing in more than thirty cases in front of the latter.
He was appointed a CMG in 1909.
On September 20, 1924, Newcombe was appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada. He served until his death in 1931.

## Selected judgments

* Reference re Validity of the Combines Investigation Act and of s. 498 of the Criminal Code, [1929] SCR 409
# Bert Payne

C. Bertram Payne (July 17, 1909 – May 19, 1998) was an American curler.
He was a 1964 World Men's bronze medallist and a 1964 United States men's champion.
The Bert Payne Junior Bonspiel was held in Duluth Curling Club.
Payne was a country club manager.

## Teams

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Events |
| 1944–45 | Bert Payne | Bob Magie Jr | Bob Magie Sr | Martin MacLean | |
| 1946–47 | Bob Magie Jr | Bert Payne | Bob Magie Sr | W.A. Sanford | |
| 1954–55 | Bob Magie Jr | Bert Payne | Russell Barber | Tyndal Palmer | |
| 1963–64 | Bob Magie Jr | Bert Payne | Russell Barber | Britton Payne | USMCC 1964 WCC 1964 |
# Jaraguá

Jaraguá or Jaragua may refer to:

## Places

* Jaraguá, Goiás, a city in Brazil
* Jaraguá do Sul, a city in Santa Catarina State, Brazil
* Jaraguá (district of São Paulo), Brazil
* Villa Jaragua, a city in the Baoruco province, Dominican Republic
* Jaragua, Hispaniola, a cacicazgo in the island of Hispaniola

## Sports

* Associação Desportiva Jaraguá, a Brazilian futsal club
* Arena Jaraguá, an arena in Jaraguá do Sul, Brazil

## Other uses

* Jaraguá (CPTM), a railway station in the district of Jaraguá in São Paulo, Brazil
* Jaragua National Park, a national park in the Dominican Republic
* Pico do Jaraguá, a mountain in São Paulo, Brazil
* Hyparrhenia rufa or jaragua, a species of grass
# Brian Launders

Brian Launders (born 8 June 1976) is an Irish former footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Dublin, he began his career as a junior with Cherry Orchard in Ireland before moving to Australia to play for Croydon Kings. In 1993, he moved to England to play for Crystal Palace. He subsequently moved between a number of clubs in England, along with a spell in the Netherlands before eventually returning to Australia, where he finished his career.

## Career
### Sheffield United

A free agent, Launders joined Sheffield United on trial in the autumn of 1999. Having been given a contract until the end of the season, he made his debut a few days later, coming on a substitute in a game against Stockport County on 20 November 1999. His debut only lasted ten minutes as he was himself substituted when he picked up an injury following a collision with an opposition player. When manager Adrian Heath was sacked shortly after, Launders was still suffering from concussion following his injury and was deemed unfit to undertake the medical required to finalise his contract and he was released.
# Chipping Sodbury Town F.C.

Chipping Sodbury Town Football Club is a football club based in Chipping Sodbury, South Gloucestershire, England. They are currently members of the Hellenic League Division One and play at the Ridings.

## History

Chipping Sodbury Football Club was established around 1885. They joined Division One of the North Bristol & District League in 1898, and finished bottom of the division in 1899–1900. The league was later renamed the Bristol & Suburban League, and after World War II the club were Division Two champions in 1948–49. They went on to win Division One the following season, and moved up to Division Two of the Western League in 1950. However, the club left after finishing bottom of the division in 1951–52. They subsequently returned to the Bristol & Suburban league, before folding in 1954.
The club was reformed in the late 1950s, joining the Dursley & Wotton League in 1959. They later moved up to the Bristol & District League. After finishing third in the league's Senior Division in 1990–91, the club were promoted to Division One of the Avon Premier Combination, which was renamed the Bristol Premier Combination in 1994. They were promoted to the Premier Division in the late 1990s, but relegated back to Division One in 2001–02. The club won Division One in 2005–06, earning promotion back to the Premier Division, and then adopted their current name. They went on to win the Premier Division in 2007–08, earning promotion to the Gloucestershire County League.
Despite finishing bottom of the Gloucestershire County League in their first season in the league, the club avoided relegation. Another last-place finish in 2011–12 also saw them avoid relegation and they went on to finish third in the league in 2014–15 and were promoted to Division One of the Western League. They won Division One at the first attempt, securing promotion to the Premier Division. At the end of the 2020–21 season the club were transferred to the Premier Division of the Hellenic League. They finished bottom of the Premier Division in 2022–23 and were relegated to Division One.

## Honours

* Western League
** Division One champions 2015–16
* Bristol Premier Combination
** Premier Division champions 2007–08
** Division One champions 2005–06
** Premier Cup winners 1992–93
* Bristol & Suburban League
** Division One champions 1949–50
** Division Two champions 1948–49

## Records

* Best FA Cup performance: First qualifying round, 2018–19
* Best FA Vase performance: First round, 2021–22, 2024–25
# Passive speaker

Passive speaker(s) can refer to:
* A type of loudspeaker
* Passive speaker (language), a person who can understand but not speak a language
# Charnizay

Charnizay (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

## History

In 1794, Charnizay annexed the commune of Saint Michel des Landes.

## Sights

* Dolmen le Palet de Gargantua , near the hamlet of Les Champs de l'Ormeau

## Personalities

* Charles de Menou d'Aulnay (1604–1650), named governor of Acadia in 1638.
# Business Initiative Directions

Business Initiative Directions (BID) is a Madrid-based organisation selling what the Center for Investigative Reporting and the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) have called "meaningless international awards", more widely known as "vanity awards".

## History and people

Jose E. Prieto is the president and CEO of Business Initiative Directions. He founded the company in the US and Spain in 1986, after which it expanded to Europe. The company says it is focused on the principles of the Total Quality Management movement.

## Awards

BID market a number of awards:
* Century International Quality ERA Award (CQE)
* International Arch of Europe Award
* International Quality Crown Award
* International Star Award for Quality (ISAQ) (one was offered to a school in Swaziland, which BID described as a "company")
* International Star for Leadership in Quality Award (ISLQ)
* World Quality Commitment Award
* WQC International Star Award

## Criticism

The Center for Investigative Reporting and the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP) have called the awards "meaningless".
Sri Lanka's Honorary Consul in Spain said that BID was possibly a scam company. The Spanish Consulate in Mumbai stated BID was a fraudulent company.
Botswana's Consumer Watchdog reported that the "so-called 'World Quality Commitment Convention', run by 'Business Initiative Directions' is remarkably similar to the equally ridiculous Bizz Awards scam we exposed some months ago."
# Theoxena

Theoxena may refer to:
* Theoxena of Syracuse (born before 317 BC; died after 289 BC), a Greek Macedonian noblewoman
* Theoxena of Egypt (fl. 4th/3rd century BC), a Syracusan princess, daughter of Theoxena of Syracuse
* Theoxena of Thessaly (fl. 3rd/2nd century BC), daughter of prince Herodicus of Thessaly; mentioned in De Mulieribus Claris
* Theoxena (moth), a genus of moths
# Women's College Coalition

The Women's College Coalition (WCC) was founded in 1972 and describes itself as an "association of women’s colleges and universities that are two- and four-year, public and private, religiously affiliated and secular."

## Leadership

* Chair: Ann McElaney-Johnson, Mount Saint Mary's University
* President: Michele Ozumba, March 16, 2015
* Directors:
** Mary Hinton, President, College of Saint Benedict
** Carine Feyten, Chancellor, Texas Woman's University
** Jacquelyn Litt, Dean, Secretary/Treasurer, Douglass Residential College at Rutgers University
** Kimberly Cassidy, President, Bryn Mawr College
** Lorraine Sterrit, President, Salem College
* Past Chairs:
** Elizabeth Kiss, President, Agnes Scott College
** Joanne V. Creighton, President, Mount Holyoke College
** Elizabeth Fleming, President, Converse College
** Nancy Oliver Gray, President, Hollins University
** Sharon Latchaw Hirsch, President, Rosemont College
** Patricia McGuire, President, Trinity Washington University
** Mary Meehan, President, Alverno College

## Women's colleges and universities in the U.S. & Canada represented by WCC

* Agnes Scott College
* Alverno College
* Barnard College
* Bay Path University
* Bennett College for Women
* Brenau University
* Brescia University College (Canada)
* Bryn Mawr College
* Cedar Crest College
* College of Saint Benedict
* College of Saint Mary
* Cottey College
* Hollins University
* Mary Baldwin University
* Meredith College
* Moore College of Art and Design
* Mount Holyoke College
* Mount St. Mary's College
* Mount Saint Vincent University (Canada)*
* Notre Dame of Maryland University
* Russell Sage College of The Sage Colleges
* Saint Mary's College
* Salem College
* Scripps College
* Simmons College
* Smith College
* Spelman College
* St. Catherine University
* Stephens College
* Sweet Briar College
* Texas Woman's University*
* Trinity Washington University
* Wellesley College
* Wesleyan College
* Female-focused coeducational institutions
# Ángel María Cortellini

Ángel María Cortellini Hernández (1819 – 1887) was a Spanish painter. He received the gold medal of the National Exhibition for his painting, Retrato de señora.

## Life

Ángel María Cortellini Hernández was born in Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Province of Cádiz in 1819. He was the son of an Italian from the Piedmont region who had married a woman of Cadiz. He trained in drawing at an early age before becoming a pupil of Joaquín Domínguez Bécquer. At the age of 17, he traveled to Italy, stopping in Turin, Milan, and Genoa. After two years, he returned to Seville to continue his training, which continued at the Seville Royal Academy of Fine Arts. In 1847, he moved to Madrid, settling there permanently.
The following year, he exhibited at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando and the Liceo Artístico y Literario. After receiving an appointment in 1850 as the honorary court painter, he created portraits of Queen Isabel II and her husband Francisco de Asis de Bourbon.

## Awards

In 1866, he received the gold medal of the National Exhibition for Retrato de señora, and a similar award in 1871 for La batalla de Wad-Ras. He died in Madrid in 1887.

## Gallery

* Portrait of Francisco de Paula de Borbón
* Leaving the bullring
* No more wine
* Portrait of Basilio de Chávarri
# Paul Abbott (disambiguation)

Paul Abbott (born 1960) is an English television scriptwriter.
Paul Abbott may also refer to:
* Paul Abbott (baseball) (born 1967), American professional baseball player
* Paul Abbott (footballer) (born 1964), Australian rules footballer
* Paul Abbott (basketball), American basketball coach
# Émile Gebhart

Émile Gebhart (19 July 1839, Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle – 22 April 1908, Paris) was a French academic and writer, He was elected to the Académie Française (fauteuil 34) in 1905.
He was attacked by Radicals for his religious and patriotic ideals.

## Life

He was the grand-nephew of General Drouot. Having finished his studies in the lycée of Nancy, he was admitted to the École Française of Athens, where he researched future works. When he returned to France he was sent to the lycée of Nice and soon after appointed professor of foreign literature in the University of Nancy.
A chair of Southern European literature was instituted specially for him at the Sorbonne, in 1880. For the twenty-six years during which he retained that position, he was a most popular professor, his lectures being attended by enthusiastic audiences both of students and of men and women of the world. In 1895 he was elected to the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences.
Every summer, for twenty-five years, he spent three months in Italy, visiting Rome, Milan, Florence, Venice, seeking books in libraries, staying in monasteries and talking with the monks, and gathering popular legends.

## Works

His favourite subjects were Greek antiquity and the Italian Renaissance. His style is clear, if slightly sarcastic at times. His works include:
* "Praxitele" (1864),
* "La Renaissance et la Réforme" (1877),
* "Les Origines de la Renaissance en Italie" (1879),
* "L' Italie mystique" (1890), translated as "Mystics and Heretics in Italy" (1922),
* "Le son des Cloches, contes et légendes" (1898),
* "Moines et Papes" (1896),
* "Autour d' une tiare" (1894),
* "Cloches de Noël et de Pâques" (1900),
* "Conteurs florentins au moyen-âge" (1901),
* "Jules II" (1904),
* "Florence" (1906),
* "Souvenirs d'un vieil Athénien" (1911).
# WAVW (disambiguation)

WAVW may refer to:
* WAVW, a radio station (92.7 FM) licensed to Stuart, Florida
* WCZR, a radio station (101.7 FM) licensed to Vero Beach, Florida which held the call sign WAVW from 1989 to 1998
* WPHR-FM, a radio station (94.7 FM) licensed to Gifford, Florida, which held the call sign WAVW from 1998 to 2003
# Villa Rio Esporte Clube

Villa Rio Esporte Clube, usually known simply as Villa Rio, is a Brazilian professional football team from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro state founded in 2004.

## History

On April 10, 2004, the club was founded by Álvaro, Renato Correia de Souza, Fábio da Silva Baptista, Maria Rosa and Bárbara Correia de Souza. Bárbara Correia de Souza was chosen as the club's first president.

## Club colors

The club colors are dark green, orange and white.

## Mascot

Villa Rio's mascot is a common bottlenose dolphin.
# Julius Jucikas

Julius Jucikas (born 20 October 1989) is a Lithuanian professional basketball player who last played for Prawira Bandung of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). Standing at 6 ft 8.5 in (2.04 m), he plays at the center position.

## Playing career

A 19-year-old Jucikas started his career with Šilutė of the NKL in 2009.
On 6 July 2015, Jucikas signed with Lietuvos rytas Vilnius of the Lithuanian Basketball League. After two seasons, for both Jucikas and the club, much of which Jucikas mostly spent on the bench, his contract for the 2017–2018 season was terminated by mutual agreement with the team.
On 15 July 2017, he signed with BK Ventspils. He helped Ventspils win the Latvian championship.
In August 2022, Jucikas signed with Úrvalsdeild karla club Stjarnan. He left Stjarnan in end of December after averaging 14.5 points and 6.5 rebounds in 11 games.

## Personal life

His younger brother Matas Jucikas is also a professional basketball player.
# Chartered Institute of Credit Management

The Chartered Institute of Credit Management (formerly the Institute of Credit Management, often abbreviated as CICM) is a United Kingdom-based professional body representing credit professionals formed in 1939. The company is based in Peterborough and is the largest professional credit management organisation in Europe. The company is also a founding member of the Federation of European Credit Management Associations (FECMA).
After receiving a royal charter on 1 January 2015, the organization changed its name from Institute of Credit Management (ICM) to Chartered Institute of Credit Management (CICM).

## Purpose

The company is a company limited by guarantee and its goal is to raise the professional standards operating in credit management, to increase awareness of its importance as a management tool to members of the public, and to establish a hardship fund for the benefit of members or former members who are in conditions of need, hardship or distress.
Members of the company are tested and assessed by the CICM and generally hold appointments in the fields of industry and commerce as well as in certain activities such as debt collecting, credit reporting, credit insurance and insolvency practice.
The company also instructed to organise specialist education and training relevant to the needs of its members, provide an appropriate range of services to allow credit managers to keep up to date, and to consult with and make recommendations to the Government, European Commission, other professional bodies and trade associations.

## Products

The Chartered Institute of Credit Management provides a range of services to support credit professionals including its Credit Management magazine, learning and development services, including Ofqual-accredited qualifications, email briefings, helplines, and a range of resources relevant to credit management.
The CICM UK Credit Management Index is produced quarterly reflecting CICM's members' responses to questions about the same factors, and using the same methodology, as the US Credit Managers' Index. The CICM issues a press release each quarter reporting the results of the Index which receives media coverage.
In 2008, the Institute wrote a series of ten Managing Cashflow Guides for the former Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) providing advice on cashflow and credit management. It has also hosted and administered the Prompt Payment Code for BIS since it was launched at the start of 2009.