OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catania and Mount Etna

Catania and Mount Etna is a mid 19th century oil sketch by the British artist and poet Edward Lear. Done in oil on board, the work depicts Mount Etna and the surrounding Sicilian countryside near Catania. The drawing is currently in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.

## Description
### Background

A member of the British middle class, Edward Lear (1812—1888) traveled extensively in Continental Europe. In 1842 Lear began a series of excursions in Italy (then a divided series of states), during which he visited a number of regions and cities. Lear's trips to the Italian peninsula took place over a number of years, and in the summer of 1847 (after spending the winter in Rome) he visited the island of Sicily. Lear was impressed by Sicily's history, scenery, and the artist went on to paint dozens of works depicting the island.
In June 1847, Lear and his friend John Proby visited the countryside near Mount Etna, a volcano near the Sicilian city of Catania. On 16 June, Lear sketched a notable drawing of Mount Etna and Catania, now known as Catania and Mount Etna. The following evening, Lear and Proby traveled to the mountain and ascended the volcanic cone.

### Drawing

Lear's drawing depicts the landscape of Eastern Sicily. The city of Catania can be seen in the midground, and a snow-capped Mount Etna can be seen in the background.
# Pink Revolution (album)

Pink Revolution is the third full-length studio album by South Korean girl group Apink. It was released on September 26, 2016 following a hiatus of one year and two months. The title track, "Only One", was used to promote the album along with B-tracks "Boom Pow Love" and "Ding Dong".

## Release

The full album was released on September 26, 2016 at midnight. Shortly following the album's release, the title track topped seven Korean music charts.

## Singles

The first single from the album, "The Wave" (네가 손짓해주면), was written by group leader Park Cho-rong and was released on April 19, 2016, as a 5th Anniversary song for Apink's fans. Pink Revolution's title track, "Only One", was released on September 26, 2016, and was written and arranged by Black Eyed Pilseung.
# Carphina arcifera

Carphina arcifera is a species of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1872, and is known from eastern Mexico to Panama.
# Calling All Corpses

Calling All Corpses is the fourth studio album by American horror punk musician Wednesday 13. It was released on 11 October 2011. On Wednesday July 13, Wednesday released the track listing via Braveworlds.com The Album artwork was created by D.A Frizell who has worked with Artists such as Avenged Sevenfold and Sevendust. The CD was mastered by Tom Baker at Precision Mastering, who has worked with Artists such as Marilyn Manson, Nine Inch Nails, Rob Zombie and Ministry.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Wednesday 13

## Personnel

* Wednesday 13 - lead vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards
* Roman Surman - lead guitar, background vocals
* Jack Tankersley - guitar, background vocals
* Troy Doebbler - bass, background vocals
* Jason "Shakes" West - drums
* Brent Clawson - additional background vocals
# Duddepudi, Eluru district

Duddepudi is a village in Eluru district in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 India census, Duddepudi has a population of 1235 of which 636 are males and 599 are females, making the average sex ratio 1 male for every 0.94 females. The child population is 129 which makes up 10.45% of the total population of the village. In 2011, the literacy rate of the village was 55.97%, about 11.05% lower than the average of the Andhra Pradesh.
# Auguste Aymard

Auguste Aymard (5 December 1808 – 26 June 1889) was a French prehistorian and palaeontologist who lived and died in Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire). He described the fossil Entelodon magnus and the fossil genera Anancus and Amphechinus. Auguste Aymard was the archivist for the Departement Haute-Loire and Conservateur of Musée du Puy-en-Velay. He made archaeological discoveries in Puy-en-Velay, Polignac, Haute-Loire and Espaly-Saint-Marcel.

## Works

* Aymard, A., 1848, Essai monographique sur un nouveau genre de Mammifère fossile trouvé dans la Haute-Loire, et nommé Entélodon, Annales de la Société d’Agriculture Sciences, Arts et Commerce du Puy, Vol.12, 1848, pp. 227–268
* Aymard, A. 1854, Acquisitions d’ossements fossiles trouvés à Sainzelle, commune de Polignac; aperçu descriptif sur ce curieux gisement et détermination des espèces fossiles qu’il renferme, Annales de la Société d’Agriculture Sciences, Arts et Commerce du Puy, Vol. 18, 1854, pp. 51–54
* Aymard, A. 1854, Des terrains fossilifères du bassin supérieur de la Loire, Comptes Rendus des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences, Paris, Vol. 38, 1854, pp. 673–677
# Alnavar

Alnavar is a panchayat town and taluk in the Dharwad district in Karnataka, India.Alnavar is known for its wood factory, wood and furniture. It has a railway junction which comes under south western railway lines of India. Some of the places to visit are Dandeli which is famous for its flora and fauna.

## Geography

Alnavar is located at 15°26′N 74°44′E﻿ / ﻿15.43°N 74.73°E﻿ / 15.43; 74.73. It has an average elevation of 563 metres (1847 feet). Trains from Bangalore to Vasco da Gama passes through this town.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Alnavar had a population of 16,286. Males constitute 51% of the population and females constitute 49%. Alnavar has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%, with 56% of the males and 44% of females literate. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Kannada is the most widely spoken language.
As per 2011, the census population is 17228.
# Castle of Waha

Castle of Waha is a castle in Waha, Wallonia, Belgium. It is the main residence of the Duke and Princes of Arenberg in Belgium.
# Jonathan Papik

Jonathan James Papik (born January 7, 1982) is an associate justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court.

## Biography

Papik earned a Bachelor of Arts in history from University of Northwestern – St. Paul, graduating summa cum laude, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School where he graduated magna cum laude. He clerked for then-Judge Neil Gorsuch of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit and Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. From 2010 to 2018, Papik was a partner at the law firm Cline, Williams, Wright, Johnson and Oldfather L.L.P. in Omaha. Papik was mentioned as a possible nominee for the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in 2017 for a vacant Nebraska seat but it ultimately went to Judge L. Steven Grasz.

## Nebraska Supreme Court tenure

Papik's name was among those of four candidates that was submitted to the governor from a nominating commission.
On March 21, 2018 Nebraska Governor Pete Ricketts announced the appointment of Papik to the state Supreme Court. He fills the seat vacated due to the resignation of Judge Max J. Kelch. Papik was Governor Ricketts’ fourth appointment to the Nebraska Supreme Court.

## Personal life

Papik grew up in Stromsburg, Nebraska. He and his wife, Rachel, have three children. He is a registered Republican.
# Vehicle registration plates of Samoa

Samoa requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Current plates are Australian standard 372 mm × 134 mm, and use Australian and New Zealand stamping dies, as zeroes now have a slash through them (e.g. 52Ø9, 128Ø7).
| First issued | Design | Slogan | Serial format | Notes |
| late-1950s | Green with white numbers | | 123 | |
| 1979 | Green background with black numbers | | 1•234 | |
| 1979 | Green background with black numbers | | Govt. 123 | government |
| 2000 | White background with blue numbers | Penina ole Pasefika ("Pearl of the Pacific") | 1234 | |
# Đan Hội

Đan Hội is a commune (xã) and village in Lục Nam District, Bắc Giang Province, in northeastern Vietnam.
# Dryhope

Dryhope is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, by St. Mary's Loch, on the A708. Known for its rolling green hills and ample walking paths. Also home of St Mary's Loch, the largest natural loch in the Scottish Borders.
# Tita de Villa

Teresa Theodossis-Martin (3 April 1931 – 7 February 2014), better known by her stage name Tita de Villa, was a Filipino actress. Her long acting career started in 1954 in a Sampaguita Pictures movie, Dalagang Ilocana (Ilocana Maiden), the movie which also catapulted the career of actress Gloria Romero into stardom. In the film, De Villa played a bit role of a lady boarder. Typecasted into playing antagonistic roles, De Villa is perhaps known for her portrayal of the scheming matriarch, Mena, in the highly successful soap opera Gulong ng Palad in the late 1970s until the mid 1980s. She was married to Manuel Martin, known to most as the director Jose de Villa.

## Filmography
### Film

* Dalagang Ilocana (1954)
* Anak sa Panalangin (1954)
* R.O.T.C. (1955)
* Portrait of My Love
* Iginuhit ng Tadhana (The Ferdinand E. Marcos Story) (1965)
* Jamboree '66 (1966)
* Sitting in the Park (1967)
* Pogi (1967)
* Let's Dance the Soul! (1967)
* All Over the World (1967)
* Way Out in the Country (1967)
* Cinderella A-Go-Go (1967)
* Kamatayan Ko ang Ibigin Ka (1968)
* Junior Cursillo (1968)
* Ikaw Ay Akin, Ako Ay sa Iyo (1968)
* Elizabeth (1968)
* Deborrah (1968)
* Paula (1969)
* Orang (1970)
* My Heart Belongs to Daddy (1971)
* Fiesta Extravaganza '71 (1971)
* Lumuha Pati Mga Anghel (1971)
* Little Darling (1972)
* Mr. Lonely (1972)
* Kamay na Gumagapang (1974)
* Mortal (1975)
* Batu-Bato sa Langit (1975)
* Nunal sa Tubig (1976)
* Ang Pagbabalik ni Harabas at Bulilit (1977)
* Doble Kara (1978)
* Darna, Kuno...? (1979)
* Pepe en Pilar (1984)
* Adultery (Aida Macaraeg, Case no. 7892) (1984)
* Anak ni Waray vs Anak ni Biday (1984)
* Super Wan-Tu-Tri (1985)
* White Slavery (1985)
* Babaing Hampaslupa (1988)
* Here Comes the Bride (1989)
* Island of Desire (1990)
* Cedie (1996)
* Mapanuksong Hiyas (1997)
* Abandonada (2000)

### Television

* Gulong ng Palad (1977)
* Ipaglaban Mo! (Episode: "Nasa Tao ang Gawa", 1995)
* Calvento Files (2 episodes, 1996)
* Wansapanataym (2 episodes, 1997-1999)
# Kidnapping in Canada

Kidnapping is a crime in Canada. Throughout its history, a number of incidents have taken place.

## Prevalence

According to Canadian law enforcement agencies, about 50,492 missing children were reported to be missing in 2009. From 2000-2001, of about 90 incidents reported, there were only two that were actually stranger abduction, and in all other cases, the reports were in error.
However, parental child abduction seems to be bigger issue. 83 out of 100 kidnapped children are found to be victim of parental abduction. In 2009, there were 237 reported parental abductions.

## Law

Canadian law regards following instances to be a crime.
Every person commits an offence who abducts a person with intention. To cause the person to be confined or imprisoned against the person’s consent; To cause the person to be illegally sent or transported out of Canada against the person’s consent; or To hold the person for release or to service against the person’s consent.

## Notable incidents

| Date | Victim(s) | Abductor(s) | Location | Age of victim(s) | Outcome | Notes |
| October 5, 1970 | James Cross and Pierre Laporte | Front de libération du Québec militants | Quebec, Canada | 49 | Released (Cross) Murdered (Laporte) | Cross was a British diplomat and Laporte was Quebec provincial politician. Their kidnappings set off the 1970 October Crisis. Cross was released in exchange for passage of his abductors to Cuba. |
| August 17, 1994 | Mindy Tran | Unknown | Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada | 8 | Murdered | Tran disappeared from her neighbourhood just after supper. She rode her bike down her quiet street and vanished. Hundreds of people searched for the girl but her body wasn't found until six weeks later when a man with a divining rod led police to a shallow grave near her parents' home. She had been sexually assaulted and strangled. |
| July 31, 2007 | Cédrika Provencher | Unknown | Trois-Rivières, Canada | 10 | Murdered | Her remains were discovered in December 2015. |
# Hyposmocoma centralis

Hyposmocoma centralis is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kauai. The type locality is Lihue, where it was collected at an elevation of 4,000 feet (1,200 m).
# USS Wasp (1865)

The sixth USS Wasp was a sidewheel gunboat that served in the U.S. Navy from 1865 to 1876.
Emma Henry, an iron-hulled sidewheel steamer, was captured at sea in December 1864 attempting to run the Union blockade of the Confederacy. The United States Navy purchased her from the New York prize court on 13 January 1865 and commissioned her into naval service on 11 May.
At Norfolk, Virginia, Emma Henry joined the squadron commanded by Acting Rear Admiral Sylvanus W. Godon, which had been established to search for the Confederate ironclad ram CSS Stonewall. Emma Henry departed Hampton Roads with the rest of the squadron on 17 May. On 22 May, she carried Acting Rear Admiral Godon into Charleston harbor in South Carolina to confer with Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren before the squadron continued on its way. During that interlude, she collided with another ship and, after returning Godon to his flagship USS Susquehanna, headed north for repairs at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
On 13 June, while undergoing repairs, she was renamed USS Wasp. As soon as she completed repairs, the ship rejoined Rear Admiral Godon's squadron, designated the Brazil Squadron and based at Rio de Janeiro. The original reason for the squadron's dispatch, Stonewall, had long since ceased to pose a problem; the former Confederate ironclad had surrendered to Spanish authorities in Cuba on 19 May just as Wasp had begun her repairs at Philadelphia. Thus, she and her squadron-mates took up a different duty, watching out for American interests in South America and along the eastern coast of Africa.
Wasp left Africa to her larger sisters while she concentrated upon the vicinity of the Rio de la Plata and Uruguay River during the war between Paraguay and the coalition of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay which had begun when the Paraguayan President, Francisco Solano López, invaded Brazil on 26 December 1864. The war lasted until mid-1870, peace coming only after the complete reduction of Paraguay and the death of Lopez at the hands of Brazilian lancers following a protracted guerrilla campaign. In the meantime, Wasp patrolled the area to protect Americans and their interests in the combat zone. As frequently on the rivers in the interior as she was at sea, she ascended Rio de La Plata and its tributaries, the Uruguay, Paraná, and Paraguay Rivers.
After the war ended in June 1870, Wasp continued to operate out of Montevideo in Uruguay on the aforementioned rivers, ascending them as far as Asunción, Paraguay. Her duty consisted of transporting diplomats and generally watching out for American interests. She continued to be so employed until surveyed early in 1876 when she was found to be unfit for further naval service. Decommissioned that same spring, Wasp was sold to Mr. L. B. Scheiner of Montevideo on 5 June 1876.
# Vertex function

In quantum electrodynamics, the vertex function describes the coupling between a photon and an electron beyond the leading order of perturbation theory. In particular, it is the one particle irreducible correlation function involving the fermion $\psi$, the antifermion ${\bar {\psi }}$, and the vector potential A.

## Definition

The vertex function $\Gamma ^{\mu }$ can be defined in terms of a functional derivative of the effective action S$_{eff}$ as
    $\Gamma ^{\mu }=-{1 \over e}{\delta ^{3}S_{\mathrm {eff} } \over \delta {\bar {\psi }}\delta \psi \delta A_{\mu }}$
The dominant (and classical) contribution to $\Gamma ^{\mu }$ is the gamma matrix $\gamma ^{\mu }$, which explains the choice of the letter. The vertex function is constrained by the symmetries of quantum electrodynamics — Lorentz invariance; gauge invariance or the transversality of the photon, as expressed by the Ward identity; and invariance under parity — to take the following form:
    $\Gamma ^{\mu }=\gamma ^{\mu }F_{1}(q^{2})+{\frac {i\sigma ^{\mu \nu }q_{\nu }}{2m}}F_{2}(q^{2})$
where $\sigma ^{\mu \nu }=(i/2)[\gamma ^{\mu },\gamma ^{\nu }]$, $q_{\nu }$ is the incoming four-momentum of the external photon (on the right-hand side of the figure), and F$_1$(q$^2$) and F$_2$(q$^2$) are form factors that depend only on the momentum transfer q$^2$. At tree level (or leading order), F$_1$(q$^2$) = 1 and F$_2$(q$^2$) = 0. Beyond leading order, the corrections to F$_1$(0) are exactly canceled by the field strength renormalization. The form factor F$_2$(0) corresponds to the anomalous magnetic moment a of the fermion, defined in terms of the Landé g-factor as:
    $a={\frac {g-2}{2}}=F_{2}(0)$
# Jonathan Palmer (American football)

Jonathan Palmer (born December 3, 1983) is a former American football offensive lineman. He was signed by the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played college football at Auburn.
Palmer was also a member of the Carolina Panthers, Oakland Raiders, New York Giants, Cleveland Browns, Pittsburgh Steelers, Arizona Cardinals, Jacksonville Jaguars, Virginia Destroyers and Tennessee Titans.
# Indian cricket team in Pakistan in 1954–55

The India national cricket team toured Pakistan during the 1954–55 cricket season. They played five Test matches against the Pakistan cricket team, with the series drawn 0–0. It was the first Test series to be played in Pakistan.

## Test matches
### 1st Test

* 1–4 January 1955 (4-day match) scorecard
* Match drawn Dacca Stadium, Dhaka, East Pakistan Umpires: Daud Khan, Idrees Baig
* Pakistan won the toss and decided to bat
* Pananmal Punjabi and Naren Tamhane (Ind) both made their Test debuts.

### 2nd Test

* 15–18 January 1955 (4-day match) scorecard
* Match drawn Bahawal Stadium, Bahawalpur Umpires: Idrees Baig (Pak) and Shujauddin (Pak)
* India won the toss and elected to bat.
* Hanif Mohammad (Pak) scored his maiden century in Tests.
* Pankaj Roy (Ind) passed 1,000 runs in Tests.

### 3rd Test

* 29 Jan-1 Feb 1955 (4-day match) Scorecard
* Match drawn Bagh-e-Jinnah, Lahore Umpires: Idrees Baig, Shujauddin
* Pakistan won the toss and decided to bat
* Miran Bakhsh (Pak) made his Test debut.

### 4th Test

* 12–15 February 1955 (4-day match) Scorecard
* Match drawn Peshawar Club Ground, Peshawar Umpires: Idrees Baig, Shujauddin
* Pakistan won the toss and decided to bat.

### 5th Test

* 26 Feb-1 Mar 1955 (4-day match) Scorecard
* Match drawn National Stadium, Karachi Umpires: Daud Khan, Masood Salahuddin
* Pakistan won the toss and decided to bat
* Prakash Bhandari and Jasubhai Patel (Ind) both made their Test debuts.
# Phi3 Hydrae

Phi$^3$ Hydrae (φ$^3$ Hya) is a binary star in the equatorial constellation of Hydra. It originally received the Flamsteed designation of 2 Crateris before being placed in the Hydra constellation. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 15.49 mas as seen from Earth, it is located around 211 light years from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.90. It forms a triangle with the fainter φ$^1$ Hydrae and φ$^2$ Hydrae, between μ Hydrae and ν Hydrae.
This is a single-lined spectroscopic binary star system with an orbital period of about 1,200 days and an eccentricity of 0.1. The primary, component A, is an evolved G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G8 III. It is a red clump star, which means it is generating energy through the fusion of helium at its core. The star has twice the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 9 times the Sun's radius. It is 1.17 billion years old and is radiating 48 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,952 K.
# United Nations Rwanda Emergency Office

The United Nations Rwanda Emergency Office (UNREO), was an ad hoc United Nations group charged with gathering information and facilitating coordination between aid agencies in the aftermath of the 1994 Rwandan genocide.
# Tita Swarding

Romulo Barrameda Espeña (November 22, 1952 – May 12, 2013), known as Tita Swarding (lit. 'Aunt Swarding'), was a Filipino radio broadcaster and columnist who worked for the Manila Broadcasting Company-owned DZRH.

## Life and career

Tita Swarding was born on November 22, 1952, as Romulo Espeña. Swarding joined Manila Broadcasting Company-owned DZRH before it was shut down after the imposition of Martial Law on September 21, 1972.
After Martial Law, Swarding returned to DZRH and resumed his broadcasting career. Tita Swarding became the showbiz segment anchor of Balitang Bayan Numero Uno during the time of Joe Taruc and Rey Langit (later replaced by Tiya Dely Magpayo in 1992).
Tita Swarding had a Sunday afternoon program entitled DZRH Showbiz Balita, which was aired after the station moved to Pasay. Tita Swarding was also the Columnist of Pinoy Parazzi.

## Death

At the age of 60, Tita Swarding suffered Emphysema and was rushed to the Quezon City General Hospital. He died on May 12, 2013.

## Filmography
### Radio

* Balitang Bayan Numero Uno (Showbiz segment)
* DZRH Showbiz Balita
# Cecil Watson

Cecil James Watson (May 31, 1901 – April 11, 1983) was an American hepatologist.
Watson was born in Minneapolis to Irish immigrant parents. His father was a doctor and received university education in Canada.
The younger Watson enrolled at the University of Minnesota in 1919 to study French, English, and writing. In 1921, Watson began medical studies at the University of Michigan, and transferred to the University of Minnesota Medical School the next year, where he completed his degrees. He earned a doctor of medicine and Master of Science degree, followed by a doctorate in pathology in 1928.
Watson started his medical career at a clinic in Minot, North Dakota before moving to Germany in 1930 to work with Hans Fischer. Upon his return to the United States in 1932, Watson began working at Minneapolis General Hospital. By 1934, Watson was assistant professor of medicine at UM. Watson lead the medical school as chairman from 1943 to 1966, stepping down for a position at Northwestern Hospital.
Watson was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1959, and the Cecil J. Watson Award was inaugurated in his honor by the Minneapolis Society of Internal Medicine in 1961.
Watson died on April 11, 1983, aged 82.
# Hyposmocoma chloraula

Hyposmocoma chloraula is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1928. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kauai. The type locality is Summit Camp.
The larvae feed on Astelia species. They bore in dead stems of their host.
# USS Wasp (1813)

USS Wasp was a sloop that served in the U.S. Navy from 1813 to 1814.
Wasp was chartered on Lake Champlain late in the summer of 1813 and served as a tender for Commodore Thomas Macdonlough's fleet in the War of 1812 during the latter part of 1813 and into 1814. Wasp saw no combat.
As she was small and a poor sailer, the Navy returned her to her owners early in 1814. Her guns were transferred to the newly launched schooner USS Ticonderoga.
# Ismael Bielich-Flores

Ismael Adriano Roman Bielich Flóres (28 February 1897 – 2 December 1966) was a Peruvian lawyer and politician.
Born in Lima to a father of Croatian descent, he was the co-founder of the Aprista movement (a political party headed by Haya de la Torre), served as Senator and later as Minister of Justice (1945–1946), later, president of the Christian Democrat Party and co-founder also of the Partido Popular Cristiano (Christian People's Party or PPC) in Peru, he was professor of law at the University of San Marcos in Lima and at the Faculty of Law of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.
# Bakonyszentiván

Bakonyszentiván is a village in Veszprém county, Hungary.