OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# WWF Royal Rumble (pinball)

WWF Royal Rumble is a pinball machine designed by Tim Seckel and released by Data East in April 1994.

## Overview

WWF Royal Rumble was designed as both a widebody machine as well as a narrow body. However, upon production, only a widebody machine was produced. The machine was designed a few years prior to release. The original backglass featured more than 18 different wrestlers but by the time the game was scheduled to go into production, many of the featured wrestlers had left the WWF. The backglass was revised and the production version backglass featured only six wrestlers. This is the first multi-level game released by Data East.

### Game objectives

* Modes: Collect all 9 modes to begin the Rumble.
* Multi-Ball: Collect all 9 wrestlers by shooting ramps and orbits.
* Jackpots: During Multi-Ball, collect lit Royal Rumble Jackpot in front of Ramps & Orbits. Collect all 9 wrestlers during multi-ball to light the Super Jackpot at the upper playfield.
# Thomai

Thomai and Thomais may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Thomai Apergi (born 1988), Greek singer
* Thomai Lefousi (born 1971), Greek alpine skier
* Thomai Vardali (born 1995), Greek soccer player
* Thomaïs Emmanouilidou (born 1997), Greek rower
* Thomais Orsini (born 1330), Greek consort
* Thomais of Lesbos (10th century), Greek saint

### Surname

* Éamonn Mac Thomáis (1927–2002), Irish writer
* Themie Thomai (1945–2020), Albanian politician

## Other

* Thomai (dance), a dance in Bulgaria
# José Davert

José Davert (1874–1934) was a French film actor.

## Selected filmography

* The House of Mystery (1923)
* The Man Without Nerves (1924)
* Adventure on the Night Express (1925)
* The Phantom of the Moulin Rouge (1925)
* Zigano (1925)
* Swifter Than Death (1925)
* The Secret Courier (1928)
* Figaro (1929)
* Men Without Work (1929)
* Maurin of the Moors (1932)
* Justin de Marseille (1935)
# Jean Soupert

Jean Soupert (1834–1910) was a Luxembourg-born floriculturist, who specialized in breeding rose cultivars.

## Biography

In 1855, with a friend, Pierre Notting, he established the "Soupert & Notting" company specializing in growing roses in Limpertsberg. In 1857, Soupert married Anne Marie Notting, Pierre Notting’s sister. During the next years, and as from 1861, “Soupert & Notting” obtained medals at international competitions in France, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
In 1874, Jean Pernet, père from Lyon dedicated them a moss rose: “Soupert & Notting”. Jean Soupert died in Luxembourg in 1910.

## Legacy

After his death, his three sons, Jean-Pierre, Pierre-Alphonse and Jean-Constant Soupert took over the rosarium.

## Dinstinctions

* Luxembourg: Knight of the Order of the Oak Crown
* Belgium: Knight of the Order of Leopold
* France: Chevalier of the Legion of Honour
# Incilius pisinnus

Incilius pisinnus (common name: Michoacan toad) is a species of "true" toads in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Mexico and known from the Tepalcatepec Valley in Michoacán. Prior to its description in 2005, it was mixed with Incilius coccifer and Incilius cycladen. The specific name pisinnus, from the Latin word for "small", refers to the comparatively small size of this species among its close relatives.

## Description

Adult males measure 39–51 mm (1.5–2.0 in) and adult females 55–62 mm (2.2–2.4 in) in snout–vent length. The body is robust. The snout is pointed in dorsal view and rounded in profile. The tympanum is distinct. The fingers are short, slender, and have no webbing nor fringes, whereas the toes have some webbing and the inner toes have also lateral fringes. The canthal, supraorbital, supratympanic, postorbital, preorbital, pretympanic, and supralabial crests are present. The parietal crest is poorly developed or absent. The parotoid glands are ovoid. The dorsum is rugose. The dorsal ground color is yellowish tan. There are dark brown spots and a deep yellow or cream mid-dorsal stripe. The venter is whitish cream, possibly with black flecks. The iris is pale gold. Males have a single, heavily pigmented vocal sac.

## Habitat and conservation

Incilius pisinnus inhabit grassy areas with mesquite shrub, rocks, and barren areas at elevations around 335 m (1,099 ft) above sea level. Males have been observed calling in muddy ditches and flooded grass fields after heavy rains. Although believed adapt to disturbance, severe habitat change and agricultural chemicals remain threats. It is not known to occur in any protected areas.
# Ω-bounded space

In mathematics, an ω-bounded space is a topological space in which the closure of every countable subset is compact. More generally, if P is some property of subspaces, then a P-bounded space is one in which every subspace with property P has compact closure.
Every compact space is ω-bounded, and every ω-bounded space is countably compact. The long line is ω-bounded but not compact.
The bagpipe theorem describes the ω-bounded surfaces.
# Jack Nelson-Pallmeyer

Jack Nelson-Pallmeyer is an American academic. He sought the endorsement of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party as a candidate for U.S. Senate in 2008, but was defeated by Al Franken.

## Background

Nelson-Pallmeyer was born as the youngest of four brothers to parents Wayne and Audrey Nelson in 1951. He was born and raised in Minnesota. He went to high school in Coon Rapids, Minnesota, and then attended St. Olaf College in Northfield. After graduating with a B.A. in political science, he earned a Master's of Divinity from Union Theological Seminary in New York City. He has written several books on war, hunger issues, theology, and foreign policy. For the past 15 years, he has been a professor at the University of St. Thomas, in St. Paul, Minnesota. He is married to his wife of 34 years, Sara, with whom he has three daughters, Hannah, Audrey and Naomi.
He is a pacifist and a Lutheran.

## Views

In his book Brave New World Order (first published 1992, reissued 2017), Nelson-Pallmeyer provides a definition of "national security state". He describes seven defining characteristics, starting with the military exerting influence over economic and political affairs and progressing through maintaining an appearance of democracy while ultimate power rests with the national security establishment; concentration of capital by elites; obsession with enemies; and restricting and distorting information, among others. He summarizes how this found expression in El Salvador and discusses "similar dynamics" within the United States.

## 2006 U.S. House election

Nelson-Pallmeyer announced his intention to challenge incumbent Democrat Martin Sabo for Minnesota's 5th congressional district U.S. House of Representatives seat in early 2006. After Sabo announced he was retiring, several other Democrats announced their intentions to run for the House seat. At the district convention in May, Keith Ellison won the endorsement after Nelson-Pallmeyer withdrew from the endorsement process and threw his support to Ellison, who went on to win the general election.

## 2008 U.S. Senate election

On October 10, 2007, Nelson-Pallmeyer announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate seat held by Republican Norm Coleman. He ran against Al Franken for the DFL Party nomination. After a long fight for the party's nomination, culminating at the 2008 State DFL convention in Rochester, Nelson-Pallmeyer lost the nomination to Franken.
# Brownsmead, Oregon

Brownsmead is an unincorporated community, on a distributary of the Columbia River called Saspal Slough, in Clatsop County, Oregon, United States. Previously known as Brody, it was named after W.G. Brown, a Portland engineer involved in land reclamation in the area. There was a post office in Brownsmead from 1919 to 1975, located in the Brownsmead General Store.
Historic photos of the Brownsmead fish station, located where Davis Creek feeds into Blind Slough, reveal docked gillnetting boats. One such boat is shown in the boat hoist, resting above the water by several feet on the dock.
Brownsmead is the northernmost settlement in the state of Oregon.
# Maria Darmstädter

Maria Darmstädter (22 June 1892 – 13 February 1943), also known under her married name Maria Krehbiel-Darmstädter, was a German religious scholar and Holocaust victim. Born to a prominent Jewish family from Mannheim, she was baptised in the Lutheran church as an adult and shortly after joined the newly established Christian Community in the early 1920s. She was one of the community's first and most influential members, and contributed greatly to its development and liturgy. She was deported to Gurs internment camp by the Nazis in October 1940 and murdered in Auschwitz. Her letters from Nazi concentration camps were published in 1970.
# Belém do Brejo do Cruz

Belém do Brejo do Cruz is the northernmost municipality in the Brazilian state of Paraíba.
# Thomagata

Thomagata or Fomagata was a mythical cacique who was said to have been zaque of Hunza, present-day Tunja, Colombia, then part of the Muisca Confederation. He is remembered as one of the most religious in the history of the zaques, after Idacansás.

## Background

In the centuries before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors, the central highlands of Colombia were ruled by zaques (northern Muisca Confederation) and zipas (southern territories of the Muisca). The first confirmed human zaque and zipa were respectively Hunzahúa and Meicuchuca, inaugurated in 1450. The time before those rulers are based on Folklore.

## Mythography

Thomagata allegedly had a tail, as that of a jaguar that reached to the ground, hence the name Cacique Rabón ("Taily Chief"). Thomagata had four ears and only one eye because he was blind on the other.
Thomagata was a saint, traveling each night between Tunja and the Temple of the Sun in Sugamuxi along the Iraka Valley. His walks were a pilgrimage, ten times back and forth, praying in the sacred sites he encountered on his way. Muisca traditions tell he was so holy that whom he made angry, he converted into a snake, lizard or other animal. Thomagata got this ability from Idacansás and the Sun.
Thomagata looked upon his vassals with disrespect and turned them into animals, so the Muisca didn't dare look him in the face. Zaque Tomaghata never married.
Bishop Lucas Fernández de Piedrahita, chronicler of most of the Muisca mythology and traditions, wrote in the 17th century about Thomagata:
   ...habiéndose inclinado en su mocedad al matrimonio y queriéndolo efectuar, reconoció que estaba inhabilitado para ello porque desagradado el Sol de semejante pretensión y empeñado en que le sucediese en el reino Tutazúa, su hermano, lo despojó la noche antes de la potencia germinativa, por lo cual vivió toda la vida en celibato y después de ciento y tantos años murió...
translated as
   ...having tended towards marriage in his youth and wanting to carry that out, he recognized that he was unable for that because the Sun was too ambitious and determined that Tutazúa, his brother, would succeed the reign of the zacazgo ["kingdom"], [the Sun] deprived him from his genital power so he lived all his life in celibacy and after more than 100 years he died...
Tutazúa succeeded Thomagata as cacique of Hunza. In the Chibcha language Tutazúa means "son of the Sun". The first confirmed human zaque of the northern Muisca, Hunzahúa, is said to have descended from Thomagata.

### Named after Thomagata

Thomagata Patera, a volcano on Jupiter's moon Io has been named after Thomagata.
# Joseph Sparks

Joseph A. Sparks (30 September 1901 – 12 January 1981) was a British trade unionist and Labour Party politician.

## Early life

Born in Tiverton, Devon, he was the son of Samuel Sparks. Following education at Uffculme School and the Central Labour College in London, he entered employment with the Great Western Railway as a clerk.

## Political activity

He quickly became involved in the Labour movement, serving as election agent for the party at Barnstaple in 1923 and at Taunton in 1924. He subsequently moved to London where he was secretary of the South Kensington Labour Party. He entered local politics at Acton, Middlesex, and was a member of both Acton Borough Council and Middlesex County Council. He was mayor of Acton in 1957–58. He was also President of the London Region of the National Union of Railwaymen for ten years.

## Parliamentary career

He made three unsuccessful attempts to enter the Commons, standing at Taunton in 1929, Chelmsford in 1931 and Buckingham in 1935.
In 1945, he was chosen to contest the parliamentary constituency of Acton. There was a landslide in favour of Labour, and he was able to win the seat, overturning a large Conservative majority. Sparks held the seat until the 1959 Conservative landslide, when it was gained by Philip Holland.

## Family and death

He married Dora Brent in 1928, and he had 2 sons. He died in the London Borough of Brent in January 1981, aged 79.
# Jaume Ortí

Jaume Ortí Ruiz (24 January 1947 – 24 November 2017) was a Spanish businessman who was the president of the football club Valencia CF from 2001 to 2004. His time as president, which mostly overlapped with Rafael Benítez's spell as manager, resulted in more trophies than any other president of the club: La Liga titles in 2002 and 2004, the UEFA Cup in 2004 and the UEFA Super Cup in 2004.

## Biography
### Early life and career

Born in Aldaia, Ortí and his father ran a company making aluminium shutters. The company grew to 300 employees before the Spanish financial crisis. Ortí said that the redundancies that the company made were damaging to the local community, as in some cases several generations of the same family were out of work.

### President of Valencia CF

Ortí joined the board at Valencia CF under the presidency of Francisco Roig and was about to succeed him in December 1997 when Pedro Cortés became president instead. Ortí was vice-president as the team ended a trophy drought with the Copa del Rey in 1999. Two successive UEFA Champions League final defeats and the losses of manager Héctor Cúper and midfielder Gaizka Mendieta led to Cortés's resignation, with Ortí succeeding him on 12 June 2001. Ortí held 176 out of 190,000 shares in the club.
Under Ortí's presidency and the management of Rafael Benítez, Valencia had their most successful spell, winning two La Liga titles, one UEFA Cup and the UEFA Super Cup. A supporter of the club, he had travelled to Sarrià Stadium in Barcelona when Valencia won the league title in 1971, and brandished a large palmetto fan to celebrate that triumph. He took the exact same fan to celebrate their league title at La Rosaleda Stadium in Málaga in 2002 and again in Seville in 2004, as well as wearing an orange wig. In August 2003, at the start of a season in which Valencia won the league, Ortí was booed by fans who considered that the club had not strengthened after a disappointing previous campaign, nor taken up substantial offers to sell stars David Albelda and Roberto Ayala.
Ortí popularised the nickname Galácticos for the Real Madrid team with whom he competed for titles. At the start of the 21st century, Real Madrid invested heavily in foreign stars such as Luís Figo, Zinedine Zidane, Ronaldo and David Beckham.
Ortí encouraged Juan Bautista Soler to invest in the club in order to minimise Roig's power. On 5 October 2004, Soler, as majority shareholder, ousted Ortí from the presidency. Ortí received the news during a UEFA Champions League match away to SV Werder Bremen.

### Later life and death

Ortí had four children, of which two were from his first wife and the other two from his second. He said that during his presidency, one of his sons went by his mother's surname at university, and his daughter did not want to walk down the street with him.
In December 2009, Ortí and his predecessor as president, Pedro Cortés, were hired as football commentators for Radiotelevisió Valenciana.
Ortí died on 24 November 2017 from lung cancer, aged 70. Valencia forward Rodrigo paid homage by celebrating a goal by wearing an orange wig, as Ortí was noted to wear.
# Østby, Innlandet

Østby is a village in Trysil municipality, Innlandet county, Norway. The population of the village in 2003 was 205, but since 2004 it has not been considered an urban settlement by Statistics Norway, and its data is therefore no longer tracked separately. (Locals say that about 200 people live there).
In Østby, there is a community house, a supermarket, an abandoned school, Østby Church and a hotel, the Kjølen Hotell, which is well known as a training location for cross country events: in the area surrounding Østby are several cross country tracks of which some are illuminated. Every year the Trysil Skimaraton (42195) takes place in Østby, the starting point of which is the hotel. The Norwegian National Road 25 runs through the village, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the border with Sweden.
# Šljivovik (Svrljig)

Šljivovik (Svrljig) is a village in the municipality of Svrljig, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 41 people.
# Jack Nelson

Jack Nelson may refer to:
* Jack Nelson (actor) (1882–1948), American actor and film director.
* Jack Nelson (swimmer) (1931–2014), American swimmer and swimming coach.
* Jack Nelson (journalist) (1929–2009), American journalist.
* Jack Nelson (American football) (1927–1978), American football coach.
* Jack Nelson (1948 - 2020), manager of rock bands Queen, Black Sabbath and others.
* Jack Nelson (offensive tackle), American football player
# Brownsfield Mill

Brownsfield Mill, located on Binns Place, Great Ancoats Street in Manchester, England, is an early 19th century room and cotton-spinning power mill constructed in 1825. Hartwell describes it as "unusually complete and well preserved". The chimney is now Manchester's oldest surviving mill chimney. The building housed the A.V. Roe and Company aviation factory in the early 20th century. In 1988, it was designated a Grade II* listed building.
# Chitrapur

Chitrapur is a village in Bhatkal Taluka, Uttar Kannada District, Karnataka, India. The religious headquarters of the Chitrapur Saraswat Brahmins, is in this town. The town, initially a small village was improved upon under the guidance of the Saraswat swamis. The small village of Chitrapur was built according to the idea of town-planning with a road in the middle and houses and gardens on both sides. It became a miniature municipality with street lamps lit during the night and roads swept clean. The mathadhipatis also constructed the Shiv-Ganga Sarovar at Chitrapur, the erection of a storeyed building at Panchavati, starting of schools for boys and girls. They helped build a post office with quarters for the post-master and a vegetable market at Chitrapur. The Chitrapur Math has many ancient Hindu statues in a museum.
See also
* Saraswat Brahmins
* Goud Saraswat Brahmins
* Shirali
* Chitrapur Math
* Mangalore
* Kokradi
* Shenvi
* This article related to a location in Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Bendel Island (Alaska)

Bendel Island (Also known as: Morse Island) is an island located in the Aleutians East Borough, Gulf of Alaska, Southwest of mainland Alaska, United States. The island is part of an island group named the Shumagin Islands, which consist of 20 islands, and lies between the islands of Big Koniuji and Nagai.

## History

The island was named by W. H. Dall of the United States Coast Survey for Bernhard Bendel, an Alaskan trader, in either 1871 or 1872. It first appeared on the USCGS charts in 1888. It was also mentioned in a US Bureau of Fisheries report that same year. The island was marked as Morse Island on an USCGS chart in 1891.

## Geography

Bendel Island is 3 miles (4.8 km) in length and has an elevation of 194 feet (59 m). It lies at these coordinates: 55°04′30″N 159°47′30″W﻿ / ﻿55.07500°N 159.79167°W﻿ / 55.07500; -159.79167. The nearest city to Bendel Island is Sand Point, located on Popof Island some 33 miles (53 km) Northwest of Bendel Island. The island is part of the Northeast Aleutian Range.

## Climate

Climate data for Cold Bay Airport :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F | 32.8 | 32.3 | 35.1 | 38.2 | 44.9 | 50.8 | 55.1 | 56.2 | 52.5 | 45.0 | 39.1 | 35.5 | 43.1 |
| Mean daily minimum °F | 23.5 | 22.9 | 24.9 | 28.8 | 34.8 | 41.1 | 46.1 | 47.4 | 43.0 | 35.1 | 29.9 | 26.5 | 33.7 |
| Average precipitation inches | 3.08 | 2.59 | 2.48 | 2.30 | 2.65 | 2.89 | 2.53 | 3.59 | 4.51 | 4.54 | 4.79 | 4.33 | 40.28 |
| Mean daily maximum °C | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 7.2 | 10.4 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 11.4 | 7.2 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 6.2 |
| Mean daily minimum °C | −4.7 | −5.1 | −3.9 | −1.8 | 1.6 | 5.1 | 7.8 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 1.7 | −1.2 | −3.1 | 0.9 |
| Average precipitation mm | 78 | 66 | 63 | 58 | 67 | 73 | 64 | 91 | 115 | 115 | 122 | 110 | 1,022 |
# Thomas Johnson (Arkansas judge)

Thomas Johnson (December 29, 1808 – March 25, 1878) was chief justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court from 1845 to 1852.
Born in Maryland, Johnson moved to St. Louis, Missouri in the autumn of 1834 and to Batesville, Arkansas in January, 1836.
In 1840, the Democratic Party-dominated legislature elected Johnson to be chief justice following the expiration of Judge Daniel Ringo's term. Ringo was a Whig. Soon after his seating on the supreme court, he moved to Little Rock. Johnson served as chief justice until 1852. In 1877, he died at his home in Little Rock, at the age of 69.
He was a tall, darkhaired, thin, "dry man, of great honesty and uprightness of character".
# Depolymerization

Depolymerization (or depolymerisation) is the process of converting a polymer into a monomer or a mixture of monomers. This process is driven by an increase in entropy.

## Ceiling temperature

The tendency of polymers to depolymerize is indicated by their ceiling temperature. At this temperature, the enthalpy of polymerization matches the entropy gained by converting a large molecule into monomers. Above the ceiling temperature, the rate of depolymerization is greater than the rate of polymerization, which inhibits the formation of the given polymer.
Ceiling Temperatures of Common Organic Polymers :
| Polymer | Ceiling Temperature (°C) | Monomer |
| polyethylene | 610 | CH$_2$=CH$_2$ |
| polyisobutylene | 175 | CH$_2$=CMe$_2$ |
| polyisoprene (natural rubber) | 466 | CH$_2$=C(Me)CH=CH$_2$ |
| poly(methyl methacrylate) | 198 | CH$_2$=C(Me)CO$_2$Me |
| polystyrene | 395 | PhCH=CH$_2$ |
| Polytetrafluoroethylene | 1100 | CF$_2$=CF$_2$ |

## Applications

Depolymerization is a very common process. Digestion of food involves depolymerization of macromolecules, such as proteins. It is relevant to polymer recycling. Sometimes the depolymerization is well behaved, and clean monomers can be reclaimed and reused for making new plastic. In other cases, such as polyethylene, depolymerization gives a mixture of products. These products are, for polyethylene, ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, 1-hexene and heptane. Out of these, only ethylene can be used for polyethylene production, so other gases must be turned into ethylene, sold, or otherwise be destroyed or be disposed of by turning them into other products.
Depolymerization is also related to production of chemicals and fuels from biomass. In this case, reagents are typically required. A simple case is the hydrolysis of celluloses to glucose by the action of water. Generally this process requires an acid catalyst:
    H(C$_6$H$_{10}$O$_5$)$_n$OH + (n - 1) H$_2$O → n C$_6$H$_{12}$O$_6$