OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bancroft Gherardi Jr.

Bancroft Gherardi Jr. (April 6, 1873 – August 14, 1941) was a noted American electrical engineer, known for his pioneering work in developing the early telephone systems in the United States. Recognized as one of the foremost authorities in telephone engineering, Gherardi was instrumental in developing the transcontinental telephone service in 1915 and the trans-Atlantic radio telephone service in 1927. He was awarded the IEEE Edison Medal in 1932 for "contributions to the art of telephone engineering and the development of electrical communication".

## Education and service

Gherardi was born in San Francisco on April 6, 1873, son of Bancroft and Anna Talbot (Rockwell) Gherardi. Gherardi received his B.S. in electrical engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1891, and his M.E. and M.M.E degrees from Cornell University in 1893 and 1894, respectively. He received an honorary D. Eng. degree from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1933.

## Work

Gherardi is widely recognized as one of the foremost authorities on early telephone engineering for his role in several landmark projects such as the transcontinental telephone service in 1915 and the trans-Atlantic radio telephone service in 1927. He also personally supervised the construction of a "loaded" cable between New York City and Newark, New Jersey, the first such application based on the invention of Michael I. Pupin that improved the transmission on telephone circuits.
Gherardi was a fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and served as its president from 1927 to 1928. He was a member of the United Engineering Society, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Standards Association, New York Electrical Society, and the Franklin Institute. He was also inducted into the National Academy of Sciences, and served as the president of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn's alumni association.
# All for Love (2012 film)

All for Love is a 2012 Chinese romantic comedy film directed by Jiang Ping and written by Zhu Ping and Xu Yiwen, starring Ariel Aisin-Gioro, Che Yongli, Alec Su, and Ju Wenpei. All For Love was released in China on 26 October 2012.

## Cast

* Ariel Aisin-Gioro as Ye Xiaomeng, the urban female white-collar.
* Che Yongli as Mei Ling, Liu Erbiao's lover.
* Alec Su as Gu Donghai, Ye Xiaomeng's boyfriend.
* Ju Wenpei as Dong A Ping, a woman entrepreneur.

### Guest

* Chen Maolin as Ye Xioameng's father.
* Zheng Yuzhi as Ye Xiaomeng's mother.
* Zhang Jiayi as Liu Erbiao.
* Huang Lei as Officer Liu.
* Yang Mi as Xiao Ma.
* Tong Dawei as The taxi driver.
* Huang Yi as Wei Wei.
* Zhu Xijuan as Liu Erbiao's mother.
* Yan Bingyan as Liu Erbiao's wife.
* Siqin Gaowa as Grandmother Wang.
* Zhu Xu
* Wen Zhang
* Lu Chuan
* Purba Rgyal
* Sha Yi
* Yvonne Yung as The head nurse.
* Feng Gong
* Gong Hanlin
* Lu Qi
* Zhang Guangbei
* Jiang Hongbo
* Zhong Xinghuo
* Hu Ke as a Nurse.
* Huang Xiaoli
* Zhang Yishan as Mei Ling's brother
* Wei Jindong

## Production

The film began production in April 2012 and finished filming on May 3, 2012.
The film shot the scene in Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

## Released

It had its world premiere at the Huabin Opera House (Chinese: 华彬歌剧院) on October 23, 2012, and it was released on October 26, 2012 in China.
The film also screened in the 4th China Image Film Festival and 8th Chinese American Film Festival.
The film was only moderately successful with critics and at the box office.

## Award

| Award | Category | Name | Outcome | Notes |
| 8th Paris Chinese Film Festival | Best Actress | Che Yongli | Won | |
| 4th Macau International Movie Festival | Best Supporting Actor | Alec Su | Nominated | |
# Omesh

Omesh is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Omesh Kumar Bharti, Indian field epidemiologist
* Omesh Wijesiriwardene (born 1983), Sri Lankan cricketer
* Ananda Omesh (born 1986), Indonesian actor
# Allan Reval

Allan "Bull" Reval (29 March 1913 – 3 April 2005) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). He also coached Port Adelaide and fellow SANFL club Glenelg Football Club. He worked as a journalist for the Sunday Mail in Adelaide.
Haydn Bunton Sr., triple Brownlow and Sandover medalist, said of Allan Reval that "Of the South Australians played against, two stand out. As far as I am concerned— 'Bull' Reval and Bob Quinn. I never saw Reval play anything but well against Victoria. He was a beauty."
# Sun Yue (singer)

Sun Yue (Chinese: 孙悦; born 19 June 1972) is a Chinese singer. She first became known for her 1994 hit single Zhu Ni Ping'an (祝你平安; "Wishing You Well").

## Personal life

Sun has an elder brother named Sun Hongbo (孙洪波). In 2005, she married Wu Feizhou (吴飞舟) and they had a son the following year.

## Discography

Albums:
* 1995 Xīnqíng bùcuò
* 1996 Huǒbàn
* 1997 Wèile zhè yītiān xīngē +jīngxuǎn
* 1998 Hǎorén hǎo mèng
* 1998 Huānlè zhōngguó nián
* 1999 Kuàilè zhǐnán
* 2000 Dàjiā yì qǐlái xīngē +jīngxuǎn
* 2000 Zěnmó HAPPY
* 2002 Bǎihé huā
* 2004 Tā hé tāmen
* 2006 Xìngfú shālòu
* 2010 12th Album, 3 vols.
* 2022 Sunny time
# Turgo turbine

The Turgo turbine is an impulse water turbine designed for medium head applications. Operational Turgo turbines achieve efficiencies of about 87%. In factory and lab tests Turgo turbines perform with efficiencies of up to 90%. It works with net heads between 15 and 300 m.
Designed in 1919 by Gilkes as a modification of the Pelton wheel, the Turgo has some advantages over Francis and Pelton designs for certain applications.
First, the runner is less expensive to make than a Pelton wheel. Second, it doesn't need an airtight housing like the Francis. Third, it has higher specific speed and can handle a greater flow than the same diameter Pelton wheel, leading to reduced generator and installation cost.
Turgos operate in a head range where the Francis and Pelton overlap. While many large Turgo installations exist, they are also popular for small hydro where low cost is very important.
Like all turbines with nozzles, blockage by debris must be prevented for effective operation.

## Theory of operation

The Turgo turbine is an impulse type turbine; water does not change pressure as it moves through the turbine blades. The water's potential energy is converted to kinetic energy with a nozzle. The high speed water jet is then directed on the turbine blades which deflect and reverse the flow. The resulting impulse spins the turbine runner, imparting energy to the turbine shaft. Water exits with very little energy. Turgo runners are extremely efficient
A Turgo runner looks like a Pelton runner split in half. For the same power, the Turgo runner is one half the diameter of the Pelton runner, and so twice the specific speed. The Turgo can handle a greater water flow than the Pelton because exiting water doesn't interfere with adjacent buckets.
The specific speed of Turgo runners is between the Francis and Pelton. Single or multiple nozzles can be used. Increasing the number of jets increases the specific speed of the runner by the square root of the number of jets (four jets yield twice the specific speed of one jet on the same turbine).
# Beryllium iodide

Beryllium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula BeI$_2$. It is a hygroscopic white solid. The Be$^{2+}$ cation, which is relevant to salt-like BeI$_2$, is characterized by the highest known charge density (Z/r = 6.45), making it one of the hardest cations and a very strong Lewis acid.

## Reactions

Beryllium iodide can be prepared by reacting beryllium metal with elemental iodine at temperatures of 500 °C to 700 °C:
    Be + I$_2$ → BeI$_2$
When the oxidation is conducted on an ether suspension of elemental Be, one obtains colorless dietherate:
    Be + I$_2$ + 2 O(C$_2$H$_5$)$_2$ → BeI$_2$(O(C$_2$H$_5$)$_2$)$_2$
The same dietherate is obtained by suspending beryllium iodide in diethyl ether:
    BeI$_2$ + 2 O(C$_2$H$_5$)$_2$ → BeI$_2$(O(C$_2$H$_5$)$_2$)$_2$
This ether ligands in BeI$_2$(O(C$_2$H$_5$)$_2$)$_2$ can be displaced by other Lewis bases.
Beryllium iodide reacts with fluorine giving beryllium fluoride and fluorides of iodine, with chlorine giving beryllium chloride, and with bromine giving beryllium bromide.

## Structure

Two forms (polymorphs) of BeI$_2$ are known. Both structures consist tetrahedral Be$^{2+}$ centers interconnected by doubly bridging iodide ligands. One form consist of edge-sharing polytetrahedra. The other form resembles zinc iodide with interconnected adamantane-like cages.

## Applications

Beryllium iodide can be used in the preparation of high-purity beryllium by the decomposition of the compound on a hot tungsten filament.
# Akören, Mengen

Akören is a village in the Mengen District, Bolu Province, Turkey. Its population is 98 (2021).
# Awit

Awit may refer to:
* Awit Award, music awards given annually by the Philippine Association of the Record Industry
* Awit (poem), a Filipino poetry form
* Akl Awit (born 1952), Lebanese journalist
# The Third Lake

The Third Lake is a lake in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is about 800 metres (2,625 ft) long and 270 metres (886 ft) wide, and lies at an elevation of 395 metres (1,296 ft) about 14.3 kilometres (8.9 mi) northwest of the community of Schreiber. It is part of the Pays Plat river system, which flows into Lake Superior, and the primary outflow is an unnamed creek to Triangle Lake.
# Telic

Telic may refer to:
* Grammatically, indicating telicity
* A central argument of teleology says that the world has clearly been constructed in a purposeful telic rather than a chaotic manner, and must therefore have been made by a rational being, i.e. God
* "Operation Telic", the codename for the British military participation in the 2003 Iraq War
# Giuseppe Petrini

Giuseppe Petrini was an Italian composer. His Graziello e Nella, a comic intermezzo for two voices and string orchestra, was recorded by Antonio Florio.
# Pentre-rhew

Pentre-rhew is a hamlet in the community of Llanddewibrefi, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 58.3 miles (93.9 km) from Cardiff and 169.6 miles (272.9 km) from London. Pentre-rhew is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

## Etymology

The name derives from the Welsh language: "the ice village".
# Brazel (surname)

Brazel is a surname. It may refer to:
* Gregory Brazel (born 1954), convicted Australian criminal serving three consecutive life sentences
* James Brazel, a judge of the Supreme Court of South Australia
* Jesse Wayne Brazel (1877-1915?), an American cowboy
* William "Mac" Brazel, a witness in the Roswell UFO incident
# The Olms

The Olms is a two-member musical group made up of singer-songwriter Pete Yorn and J.D. King. Their debut self-titled album debuted at #4 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers.

## History

Yorn and King originally met through Linda Ramone, a mutual friend and widow of Johnny Ramone. The two later toured together and then decided to perform a song together after Yorn listened to some of the songs that King had written and the two bounced song ideas off one another. In 2011, they created their first track together in 20 minutes, which later became the single "Twice As Nice", included on their debut album.
The band's first album was released on June 4, 2013, with the official single being "Wanna Feel It". The self-titled album was recorded in King's studio with both artists credited for playing almost all of the instruments on each track. The album was an Editor's Pick on iTunes the week following its release and the song "Someone Else's Girl" was a Top Tune by KCRW on June 28, 2013. The album has been compared to "easygoing country rock and simple '60s pop" and Allmusic stated that the single "Someone Else's Girl" would have been a hit single in 1966. The album also peaked at #4 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers.
In 2013, Yorn revealed to Rolling Stone and Elle that a second album was already halfway completed.
On September 15, 2013, The Olms performed along with Vampire Weekend at the iTunes Festival in London. An EP of the performance was released in conjunction with a documentary centering on their first tour on November 12, 2013.

## Discography

| Year | Album | US | FR | CH | RIAA Certification |
| 2013 | The Olms | - | - | - | - |
# Gulabpura railway station

Gulabpura railway station is a railway station in Bhilwara district, Rajasthan. Its code is GBP. It serves Gulabpura town. The station consists of a single platform. Passenger, Superfast trains halt here.
# Pittosporum rarotongense

Pittosporum rarotongense (known as the Cook Islands pittosporum, kavakava or Mimi-ō-‘Ina) is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Pittosporaceae. It is endemic to the Cook Islands, growing on the islands of Rarotonga, Mangaia, Mauke and Mitiaro. On Rarotonga, it grows inland in the island's temperate cloud forest habitat.
# Athletics at the 2015 Parapan American Games – Men's 100 metres T12

The men's T12 100 metres competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Parapan American Games was held between August 10 and 11 at the CIBC Athletics Stadium. The defending Parapan American Games champion was Yoldani Silva of Venezuela.

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing records were as follows:
| World record | Elchin Muradov (AZE) | 10.66 | Imola, Italy | 19 June 2010 |
| Americas Record | Josiah Jamison (USA) | 10.89 | Beijing, China | 10 September 2008 |
| Parapan Am Record | Julio Roque (CUB) | 11.11 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 19 August 2007 |

## Schedule

All times are Central Standard Time (UTC-6).
| Date | Time | Round |
| 10 August | 16:10 | Semifinal 1 |
| 10 August | 16:15 | Semifinal 2 |
| 10 August | 16:20 | Semifinal 3 |
| 11 August | 17:45 | Final |

## Results

All times are shown in seconds.
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | PR | Parapan American Games record | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DSQ | Disqualified | FS | False start |

### Semifinals

The fastest from each heat and next overall fastest qualified for the final.

#### Semifinal 1

Wind +2.6 m/s
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Josiah Jamison (Guide: Rolland James Slade) | United States | 11.13 | Q |
| 2 | Benjamin Gonzalez | Mexico | 11.20 | q |
| 3 | Edurdo Aguilar (Guide: Juan Jasid) | Argentina | 11.55 | |
| 4 | Alexander Piamba Chilito (Guide: Jessi Chara Lasso) | Colombia | 12.06 | |

#### Semifinal 2

Wind +0.6 m/s
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Manuel Martinez | Mexico | 11.26 | Q, PB |
| 2 | Diogo Jeronimo da Silva | Brazil | 11.37 | |
| 3 | Biondi Misasi | Suriname | 11.81 | |

#### Semifinal 3

Wind +2.9 m/s
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Leinier Savon | Cuba | 10.95 | Q |
| 2 | George Quarcoo (Guide: Adam Johnson) | Canada | 11.56 | |
| 3 | Erwin Jadir Castillo Rodriguez | Colombia | 11.99 | |

### Final

Wind +2.8 m/s
| Rank | Name | Nation | Time |
| | Leinier Savon | Cuba | 10.61 |
| | Josiah Jamison (Guide: Rolland James Slade) | United States | 11.15 |
| | Manuel Martinez | Mexico | 11.18 |
| 4 | Benjamin Gonzalez | Mexico | 28.43 |
# The Master and his Pupil

"The Master and His Pupil" is an English fairy tale collected by Joseph Jacobs in his English Fairy Tales.

## Synopsis

A learned man had a book in which he had the knowledge to control demons. His foolish pupil one day found it open and read a spell from it. Beelzebub (a demon) appeared and demanded a task from him, or he would strangle him. The pupil set him to watering a flower, but Beezlebub went on watering it until the room was filling with water. At that point, the man, having remembered he left his book unlocked, returned and dispelled Beezlebub.
# Guldborgsundlisten

Guldborgsundlisten, formerly Nyt Nykøbing Falster and then Nyt Guldborgsund, is a Danish local political party set in Guldborgsund Municipality.
Guldborgsundlisten's John Brædder has been mayor in the municipality from 2010 to 2021.
At the election in 2017 in Denmark, the party got over 33% of all the votes in the municipality, and thus became the local list with the highest vote share in the whole country. In the municipal elections in 2021, the party lost two mandates, and the post of mayor passed to Simon Hansen from the Social Democrats.

## History

Nyt Nykøbing Falster ran with 22 candidates in Nykøbing Falster Municipality in 2001. Here, they received 6,345 votes, equal to 37.36% of all votes in that municipality, giving them 9 seats in the municipal council. The party changed name to Nyt Guldborgsund after this election.
The party ran with 32 candidates in 2005, where they received 6,044 votes in Guldborgsund Municipality. This was equal to 16.7% of all votes in that municipality, and gave them 5 seats in the municipal council.
Nyt Guldborgsund ran with 13 candidates in 2009. The party received 3,576 votes, 10.7% of all votes in Guldborgsund Municipality. This resulted in 4 seats in the municipal council. After this election, the name of the party was changed to Guldborgsundlisten.
In 2013, the party ran with 27 candidates in Guldborgsund Municipality. They received 6,573 votes, equal to 18.1% of all votes in that municipality. This resulted in six seats in the municipal council. The elected politicians for the list was chairman John Brædder, Peter Bring-Larsen, Martin Lohse, Helle Munk, Poul-Henrik Pedersen and Jens Erik Boesen.

## Guldborgsundlisten politicians
### Party chairman

* John Brædder

## Election results
### Municipal elections

| Date | Votes | Votes | Seats | ± |
| Date | # | % | Seats | ± |
| 2001 | 6,345 | 37.36 | 9 / 21 | 0 |
| 2005 | 6,044 | 16.7 | 5 / 29 | 4 |
| 2009 | 3,576 | 10.7 | 4 / 29 | 1 |
| 2013 | 6,573 | 18.1 | 6 / 29 | 2 |
| 2017 | 11,727 | 33.1 | 11 / 29 | 5 |
Municipal council (Danish kommunalbestyrelse) seats numbered a total of 29 in municipal elections 2005, 2009, 2013, and 2017. In municipal elections 2001, mentioned in the table, there were 21 seats in the municipality of Nykøbing Falster, which was one of six municipalities that would merge 1 January 2007 to form Guldborgsund Municipality.
# Atlanta helicinoidea

Atlanta helicinoidea is a species of sea snail, a holoplanktonic marine gastropod mollusk in the family Atlantidae.

## Distribution

This species is seen near shore of East and South China Sea.。

## Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 4 mm.

## Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 0 m. Maximum recorded depth is 0 m.
# Atlanta meteori

Atlanta meteori is a species of sea snail, a holoplanktonic marine gastropod mollusk in the family Atlantidae.
# Athletics at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's marathon

The men's marathon competition of the athletics events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on the 30 of October at the Pan American Marathon circuit. The defending Pan American Games champion is Franck de Almeida of Brazil.

## Records

| World record | Patrick Makau Musyoki (KEN) | 2:03:38 | Berlin, Germany | September 25, 2011 |
| Pan American Games record | Jorge González (PUR) | 2:12:43 | Caracas, Venezuela | August 28, 1983 |

## Qualification standards

This event did not require any qualification standard be met.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| October 30, 2011 | 8:30 | Final |

## Abbreviations

* All times shown are in hours:minutes:seconds
| KEY: | q | Fastest non-qualifiers | Q | Qualified | NR | National record | PB | Personal best | SB | Seasonal best | DQ | Disqualified |

## Results

21 athletes from 14 countries competed.

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Nation | Time | Notes |
| | Solonei da Silva | Brazil | 2:16:37 | |
| | Diego Colorado | Colombia | 2:17:13 | PB |
| | Juan Carlos Cardona | Colombia | 2:18:20 | |
| 4 | Luis Rivera | Puerto Rico | 2:19:06 | SB |
| 5 | José Amado García | Guatemala | 2:20:27 | SB |
| 6 | Carlos Cordero | Mexico | 2:20:49 | |
| 7 | Constantino León | Peru | 2:21:18 | |
| 8 | Patrick Rizzo | United States | 2:21:58 | |
| 9 | Jean da Silva | Brazil | 2:22:41 | |
| 10 | Tomas Luna | Mexico | 2:23:47 | |
| 11 | Alfredo Arévalo | Guatemala | 2:25:53 | |
| 12 | Raul Manuel Pacheco | Peru | 2:27:39 | |
| 13 | Franklin Tenorio | Ecuador | 2:28:25 | |
| 14 | Ausberto Lucas | Bolivia | 2:31:30 | |
| 15 | Henrry Jaen | Cuba | 2:31:30 | |
| 16 | Franklin Aduviri | Bolivia | 2:33:49 | |
| 17 | Dimas Castro | Nicaragua | 2:47:25 | |
| 18 | Larryn Sanchez | Venezuela | 2:50:20 | |
| 19 | Williams Sanchez | El Salvador | 3:07:25 | |
| | Jeffrey Eggleston | United States | DNF | |
| | Johnny Loria | Costa Rica | DNF | |
# Piñata sandinista

The Piñata sandinista is a case of corruption and appropriation of public and private property by Nicaraguan Sandinista leaders before leaving power in 1990. In the period between the electoral defeat of 25 February 1990 and the inauguration of their adversary Violeta Chamorro on 27 April of the same year, the Sandinistas transferred the ownership of a large amount of real estate and public property, some previously expropriated, to their related organizations and, mostly, personally to their leaders such as President Daniel Ortega himself, his brother Humberto and the leader Tomás Borge. Other assets (such as transportation companies, lumber, sugar factories and slaughterhouses) were nominally taken over by the FSLN but later passed into the private hands of Ortega's relatives and collaborators. The two main laws that implemented the piñata were those known as Law 85 and Law 86.
During the first government of Violeta Chamorro there were thousands of lawsuits against the State by the expropriated former owners. In an appearance in April 2010, the Attorney General of Nicaragua, Hernán Estrada, stated that the Nicaraguan State had paid some 1.3 billion dollars in compensation for the "piñata". Within Sandinismo, divisions were also created between those who benefited and those who did not, between the clientelist sector of the former and those who denounced the practice for ethical and principled reasons.
# Piñataland

Piñataland is a Brooklyn-based musical group created by David Wechsler and Doug Stone. Their songs are often about obscure historical events and people, including:
* The pygmy Ota Benga ("Ota Benga's Name")
* The painter John Banvard ("The Ballad of John Banvard")
* The daredevil Sam Patch ("The Fall of Sam Patch")
* The elephant Topsy ("Coney Island Funeral")
* The spiritualist John Murray Spear ("Dream of the New Mary")
* The journalist William Cobbett's efforts to rebury Thomas Paine ("American Man")
* Edward Leedskalnin's Coral Castle ("Latvian Bride")
* The Inuit Minik Wallace ("If Ice Were Warm")
Pinataland have often performed at historical sites such as the Old Stone House (Brooklyn), the Cobble Hill Tunnel, and Green-Wood Cemetery. They have also covered historical tunes, such as President John Quincy Adams' campaign song "Little Know Ye Who's Comin'".

## Discography

* Piñataland - EP (1997)
* Songs from Konijn Kok - EP (1999)
* Songs for the Forgotten Future Volume 1 (2003)
* Songs for the Forgotten Future Volume 2 (2008)
* Hymns for the Dreadful Night (2011)