OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Toric lens

A toric lens is a lens with different optical power and focal length in two orientations perpendicular to each other. One of the lens surfaces is shaped like a "cap" from a torus (see figure at right), and the other one is usually spherical. Such a lens behaves like a combination of a spherical lens and a cylindrical lens. Toric lenses are used primarily in eyeglasses, contact lenses and intraocular lenses to correct astigmatism.

## Torus

A torus is the surface of revolution resulting when a circle with radius r rotates around an axis lying within the same plane as the circle, at a distance R from the circle's centre (see figure at right). If R > r, a ring torus is produced. If R = r, a horn torus is produced, where the opening is contracted into a single point. R < r results in a spindle torus, where only two "dips" remain from the opening; these dips become less deep as R approaches 0. When R = 0, the torus degenerates into a sphere with radius r.

## Radius of curvature and optical power

The greatest radius of curvature of the toric lens surface, R + r, corresponds to the smallest refractive power, S, given by
    $S={\frac {n-1}{R+r}}$,
where n is the index of refraction of the lens material.
The smallest radius of curvature, r, corresponds to the greatest refractive power, s, given by
    $s={\frac {n-1}{r}}$.
Since R + r > r, S < s. The lens behaves approximately like a combination of a spherical lens with optical power s and a cylindrical lens with power s − S. In ophthalmology and optometry, s − S is called the cylinder power of the lens.
Note that both the greatest and the smallest curvature have a circular shape. Consequently, in contrast with a popular assumption, the toric lens is not an ellipsoid of revolution.

### Light ray and its refractive power

Light rays within the (x,y)-plane of the torus (as defined in the figure above) are refracted according to the greatest radius of curvature, R + r, which means that it has the smallest refractive power, S.
Light rays within a plane through the axis of revolution (the z axis) of the torus are refracted according to the smallest radius of curvature, r, which means that it has the greatest refractive power, s.
As a consequence, there are two different refractive powers at orientations perpendicular to each other. At intermediate orientations, the refractive power changes gradually from the greatest to the smallest value, or reverse. This will compensate for the astigmatic aberration of the eye.

## Atoric lens

With modern computer-controlled design, grinding and polishing techniques, good vision corrections can be achieved for even wider angles of view by allowing certain deviations from the toric shape. This is called an atoric lens (literally, non-toric lens). They are related to toric lenses in the same way that aspheric lenses are related to spherical lenses.
# Toric stack

In algebraic geometry, a toric stack is a stacky generalization of a toric variety. More precisely, a toric stack is obtained by replacing in the construction of a toric variety a step of taking GIT quotients with that of taking quotient stacks. Consequently, a toric variety is a coarse approximation of a toric stack. A toric orbifold is an example of a toric stack.
# Anglican Diocese of Etche

The Anglican Diocese of Etche is one of ten within the Anglican Province of the Niger Delta, itself one of 14 provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is Precious Nwala. Nwaha was consecrated a bishop on March 4, 2007 at the Cathedral of the Advent, Abuja; and the missionary diocese was inaugurated on March 19 at St Matthias' Cathedral, Okomoko/Egwi, Etche.
# PC Mania

PC Mania is a Bulgarian computer games media originally started as a computer magazine and transformed into on-line game media in the beginning of 2009. It is a prime Bulgarian on-line media source for gaming, Internet, and technology. It was established in 1998 and was the third Bulgarian computer games magazine after the brochure Top Games and the magazines Master Games and Gamers' Workshop. It is the oldest computer games media in the country and is indisputably the most popular media for computer entertainment in Bulgaria, having the biggest circulation and biggest readers span when it was distributed in paper version. The articles concern topics such as personal computer hardware, Internet technologies, computer and console games, news, etc.
PC Mania Magazine celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2008 and shortly after a major overhaul was carried out. In the spring of 2009 the magazine moved entirely on-line. The existing web page had been completely redesigned and expanded in order to better suit the needs the growing gaming community in Bulgaria. Improving upon user feedback, readers were able to comment directly under the news and articles posted, as well as to discuss different topics on the designated forum. As of May 2009 pcmania.bg had approximately 45,000 unique weekly visitors, which positions the website on top of the most popular computer games web-media in Bulgaria and on 10th position in "Media and Information" websites for the country, and 19th position overall.

## Features

Game articles: previews, interviews, and reviews of new and upcoming games as well as game guides. The articles encompass PC, PS3, Xbox 360 and mobile games
News: latest news from the video game industry and technology
Topic of the week: an in-depth analyses of current gaming- and technology related issues
Personal opinion: editorials by PC Mania's team on different subjects
Hardware articles: reviews of computers, laptops, and other technology equipment
# Tony Longmire

Anthony Eugene Longmire (born August 12, 1968), is a former professional baseball player. He was an outfielder in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1993 to 1995. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies.

## Biography

Longmire graduated from Dr. James J. Hogan High School. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates in the 8th round of the 1986 Major League Baseball Draft. He began his career with the Pittsburgh Pirates and was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies organization in 1990.
# Angel's Dream

Angel's Dream (Chinese: 真相) is a 15-episode Singaporean Mandarin drama television series aired on MediaCorp TV Channel 8 in 2000. The drama series revolves around a murder case and stars Ivy Lee, Terence Cao, Huang Biren and Apple Hong. It was the Best Drama Serial of the year and won Ivy Lee the Best Actress award at the Star Awards 2000. It is produced by MediaCorp's acclaimed producer, Kok Len Shoong.

## Plot

Anqi was imprisoned for manslaughter. The victim was her husband Zi Wen. There were doubts as to whether she indeed killed him. The usual suspects - her long-time good friend Ye Ning who had a child with Zi Wen, Shi Sheng who was Anqi's partner in an illicit affair and the father of Anqi's daughter, a cop who wanted to kill Anqi.
The actual solution is completely unexpected.

## Cast

* Ivy Lee as Chen Anqi
* Terence Cao
* Huang Biren
* Apple Hong
* Robin Leong
* Michelle Chong
* Richard Low

## Awards

| Accolades | Award | Nominee | Result |
| Star Awards 2000 Show 2 红星大奖 2000 下半场 | Best Actress 最佳女主角 | Ivy Lee 李锦梅 | Won |
| Star Awards 2000 Show 2 红星大奖 2000 下半场 | Best Supporting Actress 最佳女配角 | Huang Biren 黄碧仁 | Nominated |
| Star Awards 2000 Show 2 红星大奖 2000 下半场 | Best Drama Serial 最佳电视剧 | — | Won |
# Andy Wolk

Andy Wolk is an American television and theatre director.
His television credits include Tales of the Crypt, The Sopranos, Arli$$, The Practice, The Division, Medium, Ugly Betty, and Criminal Minds, as well as a number of television films.
Wolk wrote two plays with Camera Obscura, a theatre company based in Jamestown, New York, that were performed during the 1970s at La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club in the East Village of Manhattan. The first, Oracles, is based in Greek mythology and was produced in 1973. The second, Maldoror, is based on Comte de Lautreaumont's Les Chants de Maldoror and was produced in 1974. Camera Obscura also took Oracles on tour in Europe in 1973 and Maldoror on tour in Europe in 1974. He has also directed theatre, including plays at the Manhattan Theatre Club, Ensemble Studio Theatre, and Actors Theatre of Louisville.
In 1989, Wolk won a Writers Guild of America Award for writing the Great Performances episode "Tales from the Hollywood Hills: Natica Jackson".

## Partial filmography

* Criminal Justice (1990)
* Traces of Red (1992)
* Kiss and Tell (1996)
* All Lies End in Murder (1997)
* Alibi (1997)
* The Defenders: Payback (1997)
* The Defenders: Choice of Evils (1998)
* The Defenders: Taking the First (1998)
* Mr. Rock 'n' Roll: The Alan Freed Story (1999)
* Deliberate Intent (2000)
* A Town Without Christmas (2001)
* The Christmas Shoes (2002)
* Finding John Christmas (2003)
* When Angels Come to Town (2004)
* Pizza My Heart (2005)
* A Stranger's Heart (2007)
* Bluff City Law (2019)
* Station 19 (2020)
* Manifest (2020)
# Angry Sun

Angry Sun may refer to:
* "The Angry Sun", an episode of Battleship Yamato III, an animated Japanese TV show
* "The Angry Sun", an episode of Star Blazers, the English-language adaptation of Space Battleship Yamato
# Ankhwennefer (vizier)

Ankhwennefer was an ancient Egyptian vizier of the 26th Dynasty, who was in office under king Psamtik I (ruled 664–610 BC).
Ankhwennefer is only known from a statue that was seen in 1960 on the art market in Cairo. It is unknown what happened to the statue since then. The statue shows Ankhwennefer standing with a smaller statue of the god Ptah in front of him. The upper part of the statue is lost. On the back pillar is an inscription presenting his titles, his names and the name of the father (Pakherenptah). His titles include those of a vizier, but also titles connecting him with the temple of Ptah, with Sakhmet and with Apis. In the 26th Dynasty the office of the vizier was divided into two parts: one vizier was in charge for Upper Egypt, another vizier was in charge for Lower Egypt. Ptah and Apis are deities especially connected with Memphis in Lower Egypt. Therefore, he was most likely a vizier of Lower Egypt. Certain details of the statue point to a date of the statue under king Psamtik I.
# Pablo Quatrocchi

Pablo Javier Quatrocchi (born 19 January 1974) is an Argentine football coach and former player who played as a central defender. He is the reserves manager of Defensa y Justicia.
Born in Quilmes, Quatrocchi played for Quilmes, Estudiantes de La Plata, VfL Wolfsburg, Veracruz, San Lorenzo, and finally retired in Club Necaxa as a defender and captain.

## Coaching career

After retiring, Quatrocchi was appointed as a youth coach at Quilmes. He was later appointed as the club's sporting director and also served as coordinator of the youth players. On 7 June 2014, it was announced that Quatrocchi has signed his first professional club Quilmes as a head coach and will be making his debut as a first-team coach. He left on 30 November 2014.
On 3 December 2015, he was appointed as manager of Douglas Haig. He was released in May 2016.
In June 2017, Quatrocchi was appointed as a youth coordinator for Estudiantes LP. On 24 February 2019, he was appointed as caretaker manager for the first team. It lasted until March 2019, where Gabriel Milito was appointed.
# Pai slash

In Japanese culture, π/ (パイスラッシュ or パイスラ, Romanized Paisurasshu, pai sura, paisura or pai slash) denotes the appearance of a woman's breasts bisected by a diagonal strap (slash), such as an automobile shoulder harness or purse worn cross-body. The term involves a play on words of the Japanese word for breasts, oppai. The term began to appear on the Internet in June 2006.
There is a similar term in Hong Kong called 𠝹波袋 (or 鎅波袋, lit. 'cutting the breasts').
# Torallola

Torallola (Catalan pronunciation:) is a hamlet located in the municipality of Conca de Dalt, in Province of Lleida province, Catalonia, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 18.

## Geography

Torallola is located 106km north-northeast of Lleida.
# Bass Point

Bass Point can refer to:
* Bass Point (Australia), a headland on the New South Wales coast
* Bass Point (England), a headland on the Cornwall coast
# Ishkhneli sisters

The Ishkhneli sisters were a quartet of Georgian singers who performed traditional Georgian music during the Soviet era. There were five sisters in all, but not all performed together during the life of the group; they were Nino (1898-1967), Tamari (1900 - 1994), Zinaida (1902-1968), Alexandra (1904-1955), and Mariami (1889-1973).
The sisters were natives of Kutaisi, and formed a singing group in 1918 to perform concerts around that town; this disbanded the following year. In 1941, they officially reconstituted the group, which consisted of Nino, Tamari, Zinaida, and Alexandra; Tamari served as director, and also composed a number of songs for the ensemble. The sisters performed concerts for the military during World War II, and in 1949 were named Honored Artists of Georgia. Mariam was later named an Honored Artist of the Georgian SSR, and Tamari received the same honor in 1976. At her death in 1955 Alexandra was replaced by her sister Mariami. The sisters disbanded the quartet in 1967. The Ishkhneli sisters were honored by their native city in 2006 when the street where they had been born, Vazha-Pshavela Street, was renamed in their honor; that same year a statue depicting them playing folk instruments was erected along the main boulevard. The National Archives of Georgia contain extensive materials relating to the sisters.
Recordings made by the sisters exist.
# Ishkhanik of Hereti

Ishkhanik (Georgian: იშხანიკი), ruler of Hereti, was the son and successor of Adarnase Patrikios. His mother was Queen Dinar, sister of Grand Magister Gurgen IV, Prince of Klarjeti (c.  918–941).
Under Ishkhanik's reign Hereti was forced to recognize the supremacy of the stronger neighbour, Principality of Daylam, ruled by the Sallarid dynasty (Iranian Azerbaijan).
According to The Georgian Chronicles, Queen Dinar, during the reign of her son Ishkhanik, converted Hereti to the Georgian Orthodox Church.
In 950, he took advantage of the bitter power struggle in the Sallarid state, and ceased to pay tribute effectively restoring his independence. Ishkhanik recovered his authority over several fortresses in Kakheti, the latter was weakened after the devastating Sajid invasion.
King Ishkhanik and Queen Dinar participated in the ceremony organized on the occasion of the election of the new Catholicos of Albania in 962.
# Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician

"Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician" is a 1987 single by Grace Jones.

## Background

The song was the third European single from Grace Jones' 1986 album Inside Story, co-produced by Jones and Nile Rodgers. It was released simultaneously with "Crush", which promoted Inside Story in North America. The horns on the track were played by Lenny Pickett, Stan Harrison, Steve Elson, and Mac Gollehon under the collective name The Borneo Horns.
The 12" single featured remixes of "Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician" as well as "I'm Not Perfect (But I'm Perfect for You)" by Ben Liebrand, all of which remain unreleased on CD.

## Track listing

* 7" single
    A. "Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician" – 4:42
    B. "Crush" – 3:27
* 12" single
    A. "Victor Should Have Been a Jazz Musician" (The JAZZclubmillionminutemix) – 6:58
    B. "I'm Not Perfect (But I'm Perfect for You)" (The C + V.I. Minimix) – 6:49

## Chart performance

| Chart (1987) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 40 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 26 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 35 |
# List of political parties in North America by country

Part of the Politics series :
Party politics :
Political Spectrum
Left-Wing
Far-LeftCentre-Left
Centre
Centre-LeftRadical CentreCentre-Right
Right-Wing
Centre-RightFar-Right :
Major Ideologies
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Monarchism
Nationalism
Populism
Progressivism
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Republicanism
Social democracy
Socialism
Syncretism
Third Way :
Types
Bloc party
Elite party
Cartel party
Competitive
Catch-all party
Entrepreneurial party
Ethnic party
Major party / Minor party
Mass party
Ruling party
Opposition party
Parliamentary opposition
Party of power
Official party status
Single-issue party
Transnational / International :
Leaders and organization
Backbencher
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Dominant-partyTwo-partyMulti-party
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vte :
This is a List of political parties in North America by country, linking to the country list of parties and the political system of each country in the region. Alphabetical Country List – Parties in North America with representation in their domestic federal parliament. Also noted are any affiliations with political internationals.

## List of countries

| Country | Multi party | Two party |
| Bermuda | | • |
| Canada | • | |
| Greenland | • | |
| Mexico | • | |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | • | |
| United States | | • |
# Cecil Johnson (baseball)

Cecil Leon Johnson (February 9, 1893 – March 3, 1977) was an American Negro league infielder in the 1910s and 1920s.
A native of Wilmington, Delaware, Johnson made his Negro leagues debut in 1918 with the Bacharach Giants and the Hilldale Club. He went on to play for the Philadelphia Royal Stars and the Philadelphia Tigers. Johnson died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1977 at age 84.
# Cedrasco

Cedrasco is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Milan and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) west of Sondrio. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 476 and an area of 14.8 square kilometres (5.7 sq mi).
Cedrasco borders the following municipalities: Berbenno di Valtellina, Caiolo, Foppolo, Fusine, Postalesio.
# Cedral, San Luis Potosí

Cedral is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí in central Mexico. As of the year 2020, it has a total population of 19,840.

## Geography

Cedral is located on the northern part of San Luis Potosí, along the Mexican Federal Highway 62. It borders Doctor Arroyo in the east, Matehuala and Villa de La Paz in the south, as well as Catorce and Vanegas in the west. Its average elevation is 1,853 meters above the sea level.

### Climate

Cedral has a Cold Semi-arid Climate (BSk). It sees the least amount of rainfall in December, with an average precipitation of 13 mm; and the most amount of rainfall in September, with an average precipitation of 76 mm.
Climate data for Cedral :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.1 (68.2) | 23 (73) | 25.6 (78.1) | 28.2 (82.8) | 28.8 (83.8) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27 (81) | 27.7 (81.9) | 25.3 (77.5) | 24.6 (76.3) | 22 (72) | 20.5 (68.9) | 25.1 (77.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) | 14.7 (58.5) | 17.2 (63.0) | 20 (68) | 21.3 (70.3) | 21.4 (70.5) | 20.7 (69.3) | 21.2 (70.2) | 19.7 (67.5) | 18.2 (64.8) | 15 (59) | 13 (55) | 17.9 (64.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) | 8.3 (46.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 12.9 (55.2) | 15.2 (59.4) | 16 (61) | 15.5 (59.9) | 15.9 (60.6) | 15.4 (59.7) | 13.3 (55.9) | 9.8 (49.6) | 7.4 (45.3) | 12.2 (54.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 17 (0.7) | 15 (0.6) | 18 (0.7) | 31 (1.2) | 55 (2.2) | 54 (2.1) | 56 (2.2) | 48 (1.9) | 76 (3.0) | 40 (1.6) | 15 (0.6) | 13 (0.5) | 438 (17.3) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org ||||||||||||||
# Barbara Goldschmidt

Barbara Goldschmidt (1921 - March 7, 2013) was a German-Israeli painter. Born in Germany, she emigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1938 and attended the Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design. She is the daughter of the communist author Margarete Buber-Neumann and Raphael Buber, and was raised by her paternal grandparents, Martin Buber and Paula Winkler, with whom she lived in Jerusalem with her husband and two children until 1965. She is known for her characteristically bold portraits of women.
# Barbara Goleman

Barbara Ann Goleman is an American secondary-school teacher of English literature and winner of the 1969 National Teacher of the Year award.

## Biography

Goleman was born and raised in Florida. She earned her B.A. in 1952 and M.A. in 1954 at Florida State University.
She began teaching at Miami Jackson High School in 1954 to help repay her college loan. When she began, the school's enrollment was 90% white middle-class students, but after the 1954 Supreme Court ruling on school desegregation, Florida began to admit black students to white schools beginning in 1963. By 1966 the student body at Miami Jackson High School was 85% black poor. Goleman helped develop new programs and demonstrated a caring attitude toward students to build academic success.
She was awarded the 1969 National Teacher of the Year Award for her achievements. She was the first southerner to win the award in 18 years. She received the award on 28 April 1969 from President Richard M. Nixon in a White House ceremony.
Barbara Goleman High School, opened in 1995, was named in her honor.
# Baluga

Baluga (Serbian Cyrillic: Балуга) is a Serbian place name. It may refer to:
* Baluga, Ljubićska, settlement in Čačak, Serbia
* Baluga, Trnavska, settlement in Čačak, Serbia
# Ivan Popović

Ivan Popović (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Поповић; born 3 November 1979) is a Serbian football defender.
# Baquerizo

Baquerizo may refer to:
People
* Alfredo Baquerizo (1859–1951), Ecuadorian politician
* Elsa Baquerizo (born 1987), Spanish beach volleyball player
Places
* Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno Canton, a canton in Guayas province in Ecuador
* Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno (town), a town in Guayas province in Ecuador
* Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, capital of Galápagos Province, Ecuador
# Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Ali

Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Ali [2001] UKHL 8 is an English contract law case in the House of Lords on the limits of freedom of contract, and the contra proferentem principle.

## Facts

Mr Naaem, an employee of BCCI SA, claimed damages for economic loss after not having been able to find a job following his redundancy in 1990. BCCI, once the world's 7th largest bank, had gone insolvent after mass fraud because of the stigma. However, Naaem and other employees had signed a release form saying the redundancy pay was ‘in full and final settlement of any claims... of whatsoever nature that exist or may exist’. BCCI argued Naaem was bound.

## Judgment

The House of Lords by a majority held that because the exposure of fraud would not have been contemplated when Mr Naeem signed, the release did not actually, despite the words, excluded a stigma damages claim.
# Victor Turner (American football)

Victor Turner was the seventh head football coach at Tuskegee University in Tuskegee, Alabama and he held that position for the 1922 season. His coaching record at Tuskegee was 1–5–1.
# Cedar Forest, Virginia

Cedar Forest is an unincorporated community in Pittsylvania County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.
# Cedar Fork, Virginia

Cedar Fork is an unincorporated community in Caroline County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.