OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Claire Akamanzi

Clare Akamanzi is a Rwandan lawyer, public administrator, businesswoman and politician, who served as the executive director and chief executive officer of the Rwanda Development Board From February 2017 to September 2023. The position is a cabinet-level appointment by the President of Rwanda. She has been appointed as the new chief executive officer for NBA Africa, following a resignation by the former CEO Victor Williams.

## Background and education

Akamanzi was born in Uganda to Rwandan refugee parents in 1979. She is the fourth-born in a family of six siblings. She attained pre-university education in various parts of Uganda. The family moved a lot, because her parents were refugees in Uganda.
She is married and is a mother to two children. She holds a Bachelor of Laws, awarded by Makerere University, in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. She also holds the Diploma in Legal Practice, obtained from the Law Development Centre, also in Kampala.
Her Master of Laws in trade and investment law was obtained from the University of Pretoria, in South Africa. She also holds a Masters in Public Administration, obtained from Harvard University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States. She received an honorary degree in Laws from Concordia University in June 2018.

## Career

She began her career in 2004 in Geneva, Switzerland at the World Trade Organization (WTO) headquarters. The government of Rwanda appointed her as a diplomat/special trade negotiator at the WTO. Later, she transferred to the Rwandan embassy in London, the United Kingdom as the commercial diplomat (commercial attaché).
She returned to Rwanda in 2006 and was appointed Deputy Director General of the then Rwanda Investment and Export Promotion Agency (RIEPA) "before RDB was merged with other institutions in 2008". In 2008, Akamanzi became the Deputy chief executive officer responsible for Business Operations and Services, at RDB. She later transitioned to being the chief operating officer of the Rwanda Development Board. She then took study leave to pursue graduate studies in the United States. When she returned, she served as "Head of Strategy and Policy" in the President's Office.
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that Akamanzi was one of the founding board members of the WHO Foundation.
On 27 December 2023, it was announced that Akamanzi will hold the position of the CEO of NBA Africa starting from 23 January 2024.

## Other activities

* Africa Europe Foundation (AEF), Member of the High-Level Group of Personalities on Africa-Europe Relations (since 2020)

## Publications

* In the Trenches: Open for Business
* RWANDA'S PUSH FOR FIVE-STAR DEVELOPMENT: AN INTERVIEW WITH THE CEO OF THE RWANDA DEVELOPMENT BOARD ON THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF RWANDAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
* DEVELOPMENT AT CROSSROADS: THE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT NEGOTIATIONS WITH EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICAN COUNTRIES ON TRADE IN SERVICES
# Pauline Ester

Pauline Ester (born Sabrina Ocon; 18 December 1963, Toulouse, France) is a French singer.

## Biography

Ester's album, "Le Monde est fou", certified Gold disc, met success by the general public between 1989 and 1991 thanks to the songs "Le Monde est fou", "Il fait chaud", "Une Fenêtre ouverte", and particularly "Oui, j'l'adore", which was a hit in 1990. After a second album, De l'autre côté, Pauline Ester faded into the background before making a comeback in 2006 with a best-of containing three new songs. In 2008, her hit "Oui, j'l'adore" was used in a French TV advert for Groupama.

## Discography

* 1992: "Peace & Love"
# Huai Kaeo railway station

Huai Kaeo railway station is a railway station located in Sai Huai Kaeo Subdistrict, Ban Mi District, Lop Buri. It is located 165.949 km from Bangkok railway station and is a class 3 railway station. It is on the Northern Line of the State Railway of Thailand. Due to its distant location in relation to other villages in the subdistrict, the station mainly acts as a manned passing loop for trains on the main line.
# Year's Best SF 4

Year's Best SF 4 is a science fiction anthology, edited by David G. Hartwell, that was published in 1999. It is the fourth in the Year's Best SF series.

## Contents

The book itself, as well as each of the stories, has a short introduction by the editor.
* Alexander Jablokov: "Market Report" (First published in Asimov's, 1998)
* Gregory Benford: "A Dance to Strange Musics" (First published in Science Fiction Age, 1998)
* Norman Spinrad: "The Year of the Mouse" (First published in Asimov's, 1998)
* Mary Soon Lee: "The Day Before They Came" (First published in Interzone, 1998)
* Rob Chilson: "This Side of Independence" (First published in F&SF, 1998)
* Stephen Baxter: "The Twelfth Album" (First published in Interzone, 1998)
* Ted Chiang: "Story of Your Life" (First published in Starlight 2, 1998)
* Robert Reed: "Whiptail" (First published in Asimov's, 1998)
* Mary Rosenblum: "The Eye of God" (First published in Asimov's, 1998)
* Michael F. Flynn: "Rules of Engagement" (First published in Analog, 1998)
* Michael Swanwick: "Radiant Doors" (First published in Asimov's, 1998)
* Jean-Claude Dunyach: "Unraveling the Thread" (First published in Galaxies 4 as "Déchiffrer la Trame," 1997)
* Dominic Green: "That Thing Over There" (First published in Interzone, 1998)
* Mark S. Geston: "The Allies" (First published in F&SF, 1998)
* Ron Goulart: "My Pal Clunky" (First published in Analog, 1998)
* David Brin: "Life in the Extreme" (First published in Popular Science, 1998)
* Michael Skeet: "Near Enough to Home" (First published in Arrowdreams, 1998)
* David Langford: "A Game of Consequences" (First published in Starlight 2, 1998)
* Nancy Kress: "State of Nature" (First published in Bending the Landscape: Science Fiction, 1998)
* Bruce Sterling: "Maneki Neko" (First published in F&SF, 1998)
# Powałki railway station

Powałki is a PKP railway station in Powałki (Pomeranian Voivodeship), Poland.

## Lines crossing the station

| Start station | End station | Line type |
| Chojnice | Kościerzyna | Passenger/Freight |

## Train services

The station is served by the following services:
* Regional services (R) Chojnice - Brusy - Lipusz - Koscierzyna
# Caramelles

Caramelles are popular songs typical of Catalonia and Andorra, sung at Easter to celebrate the good new of the resurrection of Jesus, but also have a profane character. The singers (called caramellaires) are groups of singers who go out to sing in houses and farmhouses on Holy Saturday evening or Easter and Easter Monday mornings. They can be accompanied by various instruments. In the past, they collected eggs or money that people gave them with which they did a collective meal, basically egg-based, the same day, in the afternoon, or a few days later. The custom has many variants: in some places the singers danced between songs.

## Origins

No documentation has been found to prove when and where this custom begins, but it is known that in the 16th century, it was already celebrated in the rural world, and the oldest are the religious joys dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary. Throughout the nineteenth century, choral societies adopted this tradition, introduced it to cities, and revitalized it with new elements and new musical pieces. For example, in the 1852 Clave Choirs statutes, caramelles was one of the activities of the institution. The earliest information regarding singing caramelles in Barcelona is from 1776, but it seems that the first gangs were not organized until the mid-nineteenth century and did not become widespread until 1880.

## Tradition

Generally, the group of singers stands under a balcony of friends and other people in the village to sing the songs. They can be accompanied by various musical instruments. The singers usually dress traditional clothes: white shirt, dark pants, sash and red barretina (a kind of hat). They carry a basket, tied at the top of a long rod and all decorated with ribbons, with which they reach the balcony of the honoree, who, accordingly, leaves his donation.
Among the profane songs, sometimes called goigs by extension, some are made to order typical foods, others are of a loving nature. In the cities, choral societies often sing compositions by well-known authors (especially those composed by Josep Anselm Clavé) or songs of a local and satirical nature, renewed each year.

## The caramelles of Eivissa

On the island of Eivissa, caramelles are sung both on Christmas Eve mass (called in Eivissa Matines), as well as at Easter Eve mass. Formally, they do not resemble anything with those of Catalonia. In this case, this is a redoubled song, a very typical type of song in the countryside of Eivissa that usually does not deal with religious matters, but in Christmas caramelles and Easter caramelles it explains the mystery of the birth or death of Christ during mass. Those who sing it are the caramellers, traditionally authorities or notable men of the parish, but they are currently members of the Ball Pagès group (a traditional dances group). The caramelles are accompanied by the traditional instruments of the Eivissa countryside: the flute, the castanets, the sword and the drum.
# Disabilities (Catholics)

Disabilities were legal restrictions and limitations placed on the Roman Catholics of England since the issuance of the Act of Supremacy in 1534. These disabilities were first sanctioned by the Penal Laws, enacted under the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673).
In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to face limitations in respect of property rights, succession rights and education. Catholics also still had no right to assemble and pray. The oath of abjuration required, swearing against the legitimacy of the Jacobite succession, was also counted as a disability, and remained in place until 1829.
# Beata pernix

Beata pernix is a species of spider in the family Salticidae, found in Brazil.

## Taxonomy

Beata pernix was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1901, as Dendryphantes pernix. It was transferred to the genus Beata by Eugène Simon in 1903.
# Ashfield Brick Pits

Ashfield Brick Pits (grid reference SK515981) is a 0.6 hectare (1.4 acre) geological site of Special Scientific Interest south of Conisbrough in South Yorkshire. The site was notified in 1955.
# Mary Croarken

Mary G. Croarken is a British independent scholar and author in the history of mathematics and the history of computing.

## Education and career

Croarken earned a degree in computer science from the University of Warwick in 1982 and a doctorate in the history of science there in 1986, supervised by Martin Campbell-Kelly, who describes her as one of his two most successful students.
After leaving academia to raise a family in Norwich, she became a health research manager in the National Health Service, while continuing to work in the history of science as an independent scholar. She has been a research fellow at the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich and in the computer science department at the University of Warwick.

## Books

Croarken is the author of the book Early Scientific Computing in Britain (Clarendon Press, 1990). She is a co-editor of The History of Mathematical Tables: from Sumer to Spreadsheets (Oxford University Press, 2003) and of Mathematics at the Meridian: The History of Mathematics at Greenwich (Chapman & Hall / CRC, 2020)
# Paula Luethen

Paula Maria Luethen is an Australian politician. She was a Liberal member of the South Australian House of Assembly from the 2018 state election, representing King, until she lost it at the 2022 state election.
Luethen was a City of Tea Tree Gully councillor before her election to state parliament.
During her maiden speech in parliament, she spoke of domestic violence and being a victim of child sexual abuse in her past.
# Biomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1998

Biomaterials Access Assurance Act of 1998 is a United States federal statute establishing liability exemptions for biomaterial suppliers selling chemical components and raw materials utilized in implantable devices for human recipients. The United States federal legislation sets forth rules limiting litigation costs or unwarranted lawsuits for biomaterial suppliers excluded from the design, production, and testing of implantable devices demonstrated as effective and safe to include adequate product warnings.
The H.R. 872 bill was passed by the 105th United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 42nd President of the United States Bill Clinton on August 13, 1998.

## Provision of the Act

The 1998 Act was compiled as six sections establishing liability rulings for biomaterial elements sold by domestic and international suppliers to healthcare manufacturers located in the continental United States.
    21 U.S.C. § 1601 ~ U.S. Congressional findings
    21 U.S.C. § 1602 ~ Definitions
    21 U.S.C. § 1603 ~ General requirements, applicability, and preemption
    21 U.S.C. § 1604 ~ Liability of biomaterials suppliers
    21 U.S.C. § 1605 ~ Procedures for dismissal of civil actions against biomaterials suppliers
    21 U.S.C. § 1606 ~ Subsequent impleader of dismissed biomaterials supplier

## Legislation of 1995

On January 31, 1995, the 104th United States House of Representatives and United States Senate introduced the initial liability exemption legislation for suppliers dealing in biomaterial bulk products.
# Domenico Foroni

Domenico Foroni (10 July 1796 - 24 March 1853) was an Italian composer, conductor, and music educator.
Foroni was born in Valeggio sul Mincio into a family of landowners. On 7 November 1818 he married Teresa Zovetto with whom he had five children, two of whom became famous: the operatic soprano Antonietta Foroni-Conti (1822-187?) and the composer and conductor Jacopo Foroni (1825–1858). In 1818 he was appointed to the dual position of director and principal conductor of the Teatro Filarmonico in Verona, a position he held for over 25 years. He was also highly active as a teacher of singing and music composition in that city. Among his notable pupils were Gottardo Aldighieri, Paolo Bombardi, Domenico Conti, Carlo Pedrotti, Alessandro Sala, Maria Spezia-Aldighieri, and his children. Most of his compositional output was sacred music, the majority of which was written for services at the Verona Cathedral. Most of his music is now lost, but copies of his Miserere and Messe still exist
In 1848 Foroni participated actively in the First Italian War of Independence as a member of the secret committee of Veronese patriots. On three occasions he provided the Piedmontese minister of war a detailed plan for the taking the city of Verona, but the negligence and incompetence of Charles Albert of Sardinia's generals and other staff members led to their failure on acting upon the intelligence he provided. Ultimately the first war of independence ended in a stalemate. He died in Verona in 1853.

## Sources

* Biography of Domenico Foroni at www.valeggio.com
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# Eddie Griffin: Going For Broke

Eddie Griffin: Going For Broke is an American reality documentary television series on VH1 that debuted September 14, 2009. The series chronicles the life of comedian Eddie Griffin's financial foibles caused by the family and friends he's supporting plus the help he's receiving from his mother, who has moved in with him.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date |
| 1 | "Mama Drama" | September 14, 2009 (2009-09-14) |
| 2 | "Love Is Blind" | September 21, 2009 (2009-09-21) |
| 3 | "Karma's A Bitch" | September 28, 2009 (2009-09-28) |
| 4 | "Working Clean" | October 5, 2009 (2009-10-05) |
| 5 | "Opportunity Rocks!" | October 12, 2009 (2009-10-12) |
| 6 | "Going For Broke" | October 19, 2009 (2009-10-19) |

## Reception

Melissa Camacho of Common Sense Media wrote, "While Griffin's generosity seems genuine, the show's depiction of family isn't always the most positive. ... And some of Griffin's attempts to curb his own negative behaviors -- like hosting flamboyant parties, drinking, and smoking -- seem a bit half-hearted, too. But all that aside, there are definitely real lessons to be learned here." Variety's Brian Lowry said of the show, "If VH1 is looking to spruce up its besmirched celeb-reality profile, it could probably start with a judicious snip or two of its own."
# Clay Center Carnegie Library

The Clay Center Carnegie Library in Clay Center, Kansas is a Carnegie library built in 1912. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
It is a two-story gray brick building, about 68 by 41 feet (21 m × 12 m) in plan.
# Dionisio Petra

Dionisio Petra, O.S.B. (1630 – June 1698) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Capri (1683–1698).

## Biography

Dionisio Petra was born in Vasto Girardi, Italy in 1630 and ordained a priest in the Order of Saint Benedict. On 12 July 1683, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent XI as Bishop of Capri. He served as Bishop of Capri until his death in June 1698.
# Directorate General of Civil Aviation (Ecuador)

Dirección General de Aviación Civil is the civil aviation authority of Ecuador. Its head office is in Quito.
The Gestión de Seguridad y Prevención Aeronáutica investigates aviation accidents and incidents.
# Tunnel finisher

A tunnel finisher is a machine that removes wrinkles from garments and is often used in the textile industry. As with other industrial pressing equipment, this machine is employed to improve the quality and look of a textile product. It has a chamber called a "tunnel" and includes a conveyor fed unit through which the garments are steamed and dried. The machine also features hook systems; air curtain entrance to eliminate moisture or condensation; cotton care and roller units; exhaust steam, and a preconditioning module.

## Process

Most garments are shipped by sea freight from the country of production. They get very wrinkled because of the box packing being used. In the receiving country, they are unpacked and put on a clothes hanger. Those hangers are sent via automated transport through the tunnel with a speed up to 3,000 garments per hour. These garments are then sent to a room to be steamed and dried.
The machine processes each garment through several stages. First, the garment passes through a steam chamber to make the fabric moldable. Then wrinkles are removed by a strong hot air flow alongside the garments. Finally, the garment is dried by cooler air before it leaves the tunnel finisher. In the case of garments, smaller areas such as collars require further pressing using other equipment such as steam iron for a better finish.
The tunnel finisher is also used in laundries and dry cleaners to remove wrinkles from garments after washing or dry cleaning.

## Classifications

Tunnel finishers can be grouped into two different classifications, "wide body" or "narrow body." "Wide body" machines are designed for high production finishing of blended garments wet-to-dry, damp-to-dry and or dry-to-dry. "Narrow body" machines are designed for shoulder-to-shoulder processing and are best suited for the dry-to-dry finishing of garments. However; they are capable of damp-to-dry finishing at slower production speeds. These units are ideal for dry cleaners, hotel laundries, institutional laundries and other on-premises laundry applications. The smaller capacity version of the tunnel finisher is called "cabinet tunnel" and this typically capable of automated processing of separate batches of 4 or 5 garments at the same time. The production capacity for this smaller equipment is 10 percent of the tunnel finisher.
# Zophah

Zophah is one of the descendants of Issachar, one of the sons of the Patriarch Jacob, as found in First Chronicles 7:35-36, in the Hebrew Bible:
    And the sons of his brother Helem; Zophah, and Imna, and Shelesh, and Amal.
    The sons of Zophah; Suah, and Harnepher, and Shual, and Beri, and Imrah
A wiki list of Biblical names says it means "viol; honeycomb". While the patriarchs of ancient Israel did not have viols, but this is the word King James' translators used.
* This biographical article about a person notable in connection with Judaism is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Louis Armet

Louis Logue Armét (/ɑːrˈmeɪ/ ar-MAY; October 26, 1914 – October 11, 1981) was an American architect and strong proponent of Googie architecture during the mid-twentieth century.

## Biography

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Armét moved to Los Angeles, California at the age of thirteen, where he attended Los Angeles High School, Loyola University, and the USC School of Architecture. From 1941 to 1943, he worked for the Navy Department of Design at Pearl Harbor, followed by a three-year hitch with the Seabees.
Armét received his architect license in 1946. He co-founded the Armét & Davis architectural firm with Eldon Davis in 1947, which became known for its distinctive Googie architecture style in Southern California.
Armét died in Los Angeles at the age of 66.
# BioGaia

BioGaia is a Swedish biotechnology company that develops, markets and sells a range of probiotic products. It has patented the use of several Lactobacillus reuteri strains and offers gut and immune health products containing L. reuteri Protectis (DSM 17938). Their oral health products contain L. reuteri Prodentis, a blend of the L. reuteri strains DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289. Products containing L. reuteri have been proven to be both effective and safe in several applications: infant colic, diarrhea prevention and mitigation in children, eradication of H. pylori infection and reduction of side effects from standard H. pylori treatment, amelioration of gingivitis, and general illness prevention in children and adults. BioGaia was ranked 9th in the Top 30 Global Probiotic Food Ingredient Companies list by FoodTalks in 2021. The BioGaia -B share is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Nordic Exchange.

## History

BioGaia was founded in 1990 to develop and commercialize a new strain of L. reuteri. The company's research director Dr. Ivan Casas believed that newborn chickens consumed their mothers' feces, allowing the transfer of beneficial microorganisms from the mother to the sterile newborn bird. He believed that the same was true for humans. It is generally accepted that newborn babies are sterile at birth and are very sensitive to pathogenic bacteria before they establish a microbial flora of their own.
This flora should preferably come from their mother. Ivan believed that Lactobacillus reuteri is one of the bacteria that a mother should transfer to her offspring, whether a chicken, a human baby or any other mammal. He wanted to create probiotic products that would confirm this "Circle of Life”.
The first step involved analysis of breast milk from mothers in the United States, Sweden, Israel, South Africa, Denmark, Japan, Peru and South Korea. Approximately 14-15% of the samples contained L. reuteri. In a separate study, Casas found that samples of breast milk collected from women in Andean villages in Peru also contained numerous strains of L. reuteri, which were subsequently isolated.
One of these strains is still used in BioGaia’s probiotic products.
# Pearcey integral

In mathematics, the Pearcey integral is defined as
    $\operatorname {Pe} (x,y)=\int _{-\infty }^{\infty }\exp(i(t^{4}+xt^{2}+yt))\,dt.$
The Pearcey integral is a class of canonical diffraction integrals, often used in wave propagation and optical diffraction problems The first numerical evaluation of this integral was performed by Trevor Pearcey using the quadrature formula.
In optics, the Pearcey integral can be used to model diffraction effects at a cusp caustic, which corresponds to the boundary between two regions of geometric optics: on one side, each point is contained in three light rays; on the other side, each point is contained in one light ray.