OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Milefortlet 23

Milefortlet 23 (Sea Brows) was a Milefortlet of the Roman Cumbrian Coast defences. These milefortlets and intervening stone watchtowers extended from the western end of Hadrian's Wall, along the Cumbrian coast and were linked by a wooden palisade. They were contemporary with defensive structures on Hadrian's Wall. There is nothing to see on the ground, but Milefortlet 23 has been located and surveyed.

## Description

Milefortlet 23 is north of the town of Maryport in the same parish. It is on a south-east facing slope at the edge of a steep cliff. The fortlet is about 1 kilometer northeast of the Roman fort of Alauna.
Nothing can be seen on the ground but the fortlet is visible on aerial photographs as faint cropmarks. A geophysical survey was carried out in 1994 which showed three sides of a surrounding ditch, the fourth, west side, having been destroyed by cliff erosion. Further features within the milefortlet were detected in another geophysical survey when the area of the Roman Fort (Alauna) and vicus, incorporating the area of Milefortlet 23, was surveyed between 2000 and 2004.

## Associated Towers

Each milefortlet had two associated towers, similar in construction to the turrets built along Hadrian's Wall. These towers were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milefortlet, and would probably have been manned by part of the nearest Milefortlet's garrison. The towers associated with Milefortlet 23 are known as Tower 23A (grid reference NY04203757) and Tower 23B (grid reference NY03953714). The locations of both towers are uncertain, and their positions have been estimated by measurement to adjoining Roman frontier works. The position of Tower 23B may overlap with the Alauna fort in Maryport.
# Mad River Township, Clark County, Ohio

Mad River Township is one of the ten townships of Clark County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census reported 10,984 people living in the township.

## Geography

Located in the southwestern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Springfield Township - northeast
* Green Township - east
* Miami Township, Greene County - southeast
* Bath Township, Greene County - southwest
* Bethel Township - northwest
Several towns are located in Mad River Township:
* The village of Enon, in the center of the township
* Part of the city of Springfield, the county seat of Clark County, in the northeastern corner of the township
* The census-designated place of Green Meadows, in the center of the township
* The census-designated place of Holiday Valley, in the south of the township

## Name and history

Mad River Township is named from the Mad River, which forms its western boundary.
Statewide, the only other Mad River Township is located in Champaign County.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.

## Education

The majority of the township is in the Greenon Local School District. The township extends into Yellow Springs Exempted Village School District and Fairborn City School District.
# Asterius of Petra

Asterius of Petra was a convert from Arianism, and later the Bishop of Petra.
Asterius was one of the defenders of the Council of Nicæa and St. Athanasius. At the Council of Sardica, in 343, Asterius denounced Arianism, as a heresy. This led to his exile in Libya, at the command of Emperor Constantius II.
In 362, he was restored to his position of Bishop of Petra, by Emperor Julian. Asterius attended the Council of Alexandria, where he was chosen as the delegate to carry a letter to the Church of Antioch, where he provided a report of the proceedings at the council for the church leaders of Antioch. He died in Petra in 365.
# Internet identity

Internet identity may refer to:
* Online identity, a social identity that an Internet user establishes online
* Digital identity, information used by systems to represent an external agent
* Social profiling, process of constructing a social media user's profile using his or her social data
* IID (company), formerly Internet Identity
# Bəyi

40°06′07″N 48°13′51″E﻿ / ﻿40.10194°N 48.23083°E﻿ / 40.10194; 48.23083
Bəyi (also, Bey and Beyi) is a village and municipality in the Kurdamir Rayon of Azerbaijan.
# Tidnish Bridge, Nova Scotia

Tidnish Bridge is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Cumberland County on the interprovincial border with New Brunswick between Upper Tidnish, and Lower Tidnish on the Tidnish River. Tidnish Bridge is home to the Chignecto Ship Railway Keystone Bridge and would have been the Baie Verte terminus. Tidnish Dock Provincial Park is where the last piece of the project remained. The name Tidnish is of Mi'kmaqi origin, said to signify "A Paddle". 45°58′33″N 64°2′53″W﻿ / ﻿45.97583°N 64.04806°W﻿ / 45.97583; -64.04806﻿ (Tidnish Bridge, Nova Scotia)
# Pete Augustine

Pete Augustine is the former president of New Era Cap Company. In January 2015, it was announced he would be leaving and owner and CEO Chris Koch would take over his duties as president.

## Background and education

Augustine was the first person to join the family-owned company whose job did not involve making caps. He was hired in 1990 as their first accountant. He served as Controller, CFO and COO during his tenure. In 2003, he was named president of the company.
Augustine received his Bachelor of Science in accounting and finance in 1987 from the School of Management at the State University of New York at Buffalo. He played an active role in the development of his alma mater's collegiate athletics department, serving as the chairperson of the board of advisors of the "New York Bulls Initiative".
# USS Abeona

USS Abeona was a mercantile stern wheel steamer that traded on the Mississippi between 1831 and her destruction by fire in 1872, except for two years, between 1863 and 1865, when she served the United States Navy as a gunboat.

## Construction and commissioning

Abeona was built in 1831, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and the US Navy purchased her on 21 December 1864, at Cincinnati, Ohio. The navy converted her to a "tinclad" gunboat at Mound City, Illinois, and commissioned her there on 10 April 1865, (one day after the surrender of General Robert E. Lee).

## Service history

Abeona performed patrol and guard duty on the Mississippi River, and its tributaries — primarily in the Mississippi River Squadron's 5th (the Mississippi, between Natchez and Vicksburg) and 10th (the Cumberland River and upper Ohio River) Districts. After all organized Confederate resistance ceased and the South had begun its painful and uncertain return to a peaceful way of life, Abeona was decommissioned at Mound City, 4 August 1865.
She was sold there on 11 August 1865, to J. A. Williamson, et al., and was registered under the same name on 17 October 1865. The veteran stern wheeler operated on the Mississippi, and its branches, until she caught fire at Cincinnati, 7 March 1872, and was destroyed.
As of 2004, no other ships in the United States Navy have borne this name.
# Old Europe

Old Europe or Old European may refer to:
* Old Europe (archaeology) (c. 6500 – c. 2800 BC), a culture of Neolithic Europe
* Old European languages, the mostly unknown languages that were spoken in Europe prior to the spread of the Indo-European and Uralic families
* Old European script, Vinča symbols
* Old European hydronymy (c. 2500 – c. 1500 BC), in Central and Western Europe
* "Old Europe", a term for pre-modern (i.e. pre-1800) European history coined by Austrian historian Otto Brunner
* "Old Europe" (politics), used by former U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld
* Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe, a book
# Mikhaela Reid

Mikhaela Blake Reid (born June 1, 1980, in Lowell, Massachusetts) is an editorial cartoonist whose work has appeared in various alternative newspapers and magazines, including The Boston Phoenix, Bay Windows, Metro Times, and In These Times, and was also reprinted in Los Angeles Times. Reid frequently draws cartoons supporting LGBT rights.
Reid worked as an information graphics designer at the Wall Street Journal, where one of the articles she worked on won a Pulitzer Prize. Currently, she's employed at United Media.
Reid was profiled in the 2004 book Attitude 2: The New Subversive Alternative Cartoonists, edited by award-winning syndicated editorial cartoonist Ted Rall. Rall would later write the foreword to Attack of the 50-Foot Mikhaela!, a collection of Reid's editorial cartoons.
Reid describes herself as growing up as "a very angry punk rock bisexual teen." She currently resides in Brooklyn with her husband, Masheka Wood, and their two children.
# Picada (Colombian cuisine)

Picada or Picada Colombiana is a Colombian cuisine dish prepared with pieces of steak, chicken, arepa, potato, yuca (cassava), morcilla, chorizo, chicharron, carne de cerdo and plantain. The ingredients are usually fried. The word picada means chopped in Spanish. Often served on large platters, picadas are usually served at gatherings and for special occasions.
Other types of Colombian picada can include chopped seafood (such as picada del mar).
# Asterius of Ostia

Saint Asterius of Ostia (d. 3rd century AD) was a martyred priest. Information on this saint is based on the apocryphal Acts of Saint Callixtus. According to tradition, he was a priest of Rome who recovered the body of Pope Callixtus I after it had been tossed into a well around 222 AD. Asterius buried Callixtus' body at night but was arrested for this action by the prefect Alexander and then killed by being thrown off a bridge into the Tiber River.
According to tradition, his body washed up at Ostia and was buried there.

## Veneration

Asterius was venerated from at least the 4th or 5th centuries. A saint with the same name, along with that of his daughter, were translated by Pope Sergius II between 844 and 847 and rest in the Church of San Martino ai Monti on the Esquiline, according to Anastasius the Librarian. However, the “Bollandists think that this is the body of another Asterius.”
# Carl Nyrén

Carl Nyrén (11 November 1917 – 6 November 2011) was a Swedish architect.

## Biography

Nyrén was born in Jönköping, Sweden. Nyrén was the son of Johan Albert and Gertrud Nyrén and grew up in Hovslätt as the youngest of six children. He graduated from the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm during 1942. He was first employed by modernist architect Paul Hedqvist. Nyrén was initially influenced by the modernism of Gunnar Asplund (1885–1940). Later in the 1960s, developed towards structuralistic architecture.
During the last two decades of his career, his buildings have were characterized by a romantic, humanistic style.
His office, Nyréns Arkitektkontor AB was founded in 1948. The firm employs architects, interior designers and construction engineers. It remains one of Sweden's leading architectural firms.
Carl Nyrén died on November 6, 2011, five days before what would have been his 94th birthday.

## Buildings

* School of Economics at Gothenburg University, 1952
* Faculty of Education, Malmö University, 1963 and 1973
* Arrhenius Laboratory at Stockholm University, 1973
* Sparbankshuset, Stockholm, 1973-1975
* Gottsunda Church, Uppsala, 1980
* Uppsala City Library, 1986
* Extension of the Jönköping County Museum, 1991
* "Artisten", education facility for music and theater, Gothenburg University, 1992
* Vitlycke Museum, Tanum, 1999
* Gamla Uppsala museum, Uppsala, 2000
* Komedianten, Varberg, 2012
# Zoran Popovich

Zoran Popovich (February 4, 1931 – March 20, 2018) was a Pennsylvania politician and lawyer who served as mayor of McKeesport and judge on the Pennsylvania Superior Court. Popovich was appointed to the court in 1980, and was then elected to a full ten-year term in 1985 and again in 1995.
He served until his retirement in 2001 and remained a part-time judge until 2010.

## Formative years

Born in Akron, Ohio on February 4, 1931, Popovich served in the United States Air Force from 1951 to 1953. He received a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Pittsburgh in 1954, and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Pittsburgh Law School in 1957.

## Career

Popovich served on the McKeesport, Pennsylvania, city council from 1967 to 1969, and was mayor of McKeesport from 1969 to 1973.
Popovich was elected to the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, 1973.

## Death

Popovich died on March 20, 2018. He was eighty-seven years old.
# Tidningar Utgifne Af et Sällskap i Åbo

Tidningar Utgifne Af et Sällskap i Åbo was a newspaper that was first published in Finland in 1771, the first newspaper to be published in Finland. Finland was under Swedish rule at that time, and the newspaper was published in the Swedish language. It was in circulation until 1785.
# Donald Odanga

Donald Odanga (died 20 January 2008) was a Kenyan Basketball International.
Odanga played for the Kenya national basketball team, Kenya Railways and defunct Premiership side Post Bank. Odanga played for Railways from early 1980s before moving to defunct premier league side Post Bank in 1990. He was a member of the national team between 1989 and 1994.

## Death

Odanga was hit by a stray bullet while standing about 200m away from a scene where policemen were trying to disperse a rowdy mob in Mathare on 20 January 2008. "It is unfortunate that Odanga who was one of the best players of his generation had to die this way," Nairobi Province Basketball Association chairman Ronny Owino said in Nairobi on Thursday.
# USS Abbot (DD-184)

The first USS Abbot (DD-184) was a Wickes-class destroyer in the service of the United States Navy until traded to Britain at the beginning of World War II. She served in the Royal Navy as HMS Charlestown (I21), a Town-class destroyer.

## Service history
### As USS Abbot

Named after Commodore Joel Abbot, she was laid down on 5 April 1918 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Newport News, Virginia, launched on 4 July 1918, sponsored by Miss Louise Abbot, great-granddaughter of Cdre. Abbot, and commissioned on 19 July 1919.
Based at Norfolk, Virginia, Abbot operated along the east coast and in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, especially in Cuban waters. The destroyer was placed out of commission at the Philadelphia Navy Yard on 5 July 1922.
After being laid up for almost 20 years, Abbot was recommissioned on 17 June 1940 and patrolled along the east coast until going out of commission once more at Halifax, in Nova Scotia, on 23 September 1940 to be transferred to Britain under terms of the agreement by which the U.S. exchanged 50 overage destroyers for bases on British colonial territory in the Atlantic. Abbot was struck from the Navy list on 8 January 1941.

### As HMS Charlestown

Temporarily named HMS Abbot and then quickly renamed HMS Charlestown, the destroyer was assigned to the 17th Destroyer Division and arrived at Belfast, Northern Ireland on 8 October. She took part in several minelaying operations along the west coast of Scotland. In September 1943, Charlestown was allocated to the Rosyth Escort Force to escort convoys along the east coast of Britain.
Charlestown was damaged in a collision with the minesweeper HMS Florizel off Harwich, England in December 1944. Due to her age, it was decided not to repair her, and the destroyer was placed in reserve at Grangemouth, Firth of Forth. Charlestown was decommissioned on 15 January 1945 and was eventually scrapped.
# Picadero JC

Picadero Jockey Club, also known until 1970 as Picadero Damm for sponsorship reasons, was a Spanish multisports club from Barcelona founded in 1951.

## History

Overall the club enjoyed its golden era during the 1960s. Throughout this decade its men's basketball team won two Spanish Cups in 1964 and 1968 and was the runner-up of the Spanish League for three years in a row (1964–66) and in 1970, while its women's basketball reached the Spanish Cup's final in 1960 and was the following year the first Spanish team to enter the Women's Basketball European Cup after CD Cottet renounced for financial reasons, losing to Sportif Casablancais in the qualification round.
While Picadero is most remembered for its basketball teams, the club's baseball section was its most successful team in the international scene, winning the inaugural edition of the European Cup in 1963 and a second trophy five years later. Picadero's team handball team won four Spanish Leagues in a row between 1964 and 1967 and a fifth one in 1970, while its men's volleyball team won the first two editions of the Spanish League in 1965 and 1966. Picadero also had rink hockey, cycling and rugby teams.
The 1970s meant the beginning of the end for Picadero JC as the club collapsed financially. Picadero had to close most of its sections, and soon only the women's basketball team remained. However the team, known for sponsorship reasons as PICEFF Barcelona, Picadero Evax, Íntima Barcelona, Picadero Comansi and finally Natural Cus, experienced its golden years in this period, winning six Spanish Leagues between 1975 and 1983 and reaching the European Cup's quarter-final group stages in 1977 and 1979. In addition the team won seven national Cups, achieving doubles in 1975, 1978, 1980 and 1983. The 1985 Cup was its last national title and the team was also disbanded in 1989, ending Picadero JC's history.

## Baseball section

Picadero Damm was the commercial name of the baseball team from the Picadero JC in Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain) during the heyday of baseball in Spain in the 1950s and 1960s. Picadero Jockey Club is now a defunct sports club who had also basketball and handball teams. The commercial name was due to its main sponsor, S.A. Damm, a well-known Barcelona brewery.
Picadero Damm won the II Copa del Mediterráneo prize in 1965, two European Cups (1963 and 1968) and three Spanish leagues (1957, 1962 and 1964).

### Titles

* 2 European Cups (1963, 1968)
* 1 Mediterranean Cup (1965)
* 3 Spanish Leagues (1957, 1962, 1964)
# Integral Equations and Operator Theory

Integral Equations and Operator Theory is a journal dedicated to operator theory and its applications to engineering and other mathematical sciences. As some approaches to the study of integral equations (theoretically and numerically) constitute a subfield of operator theory, the journal also deals with the theory of integral equations and hence of differential equations. The journal consists of two sections: a main section consisting of refereed papers and a second consisting of short announcements of important results, open problems, information, etc. It has been published monthly by Springer-Verlag since 1978. The journal is also available online by subscription.
The founding editor-in-chief of the journal, in 1978, was Israel Gohberg. Its current editor-in-chief is Christiane Tretter.
# Carlo Emanuele Madruzzo

Carlo Emanuele Madruzzo (5 November 1599 – 15 December 1658) was the prince-bishop of Trento in northern Italy from January 1629 until his death.

## Biography

Charles-Emmanuel de Madruce was born at the Castle of Issogne into the noble family of the Madruzzo, various members of which were also prince-bishops of Trento.
In his youth he studied grammar and rhetorics in Munich and philosophy at Ingolstadt in Jesuit schools. Later he moved to Perugia where he studied law. In 1619 he was called back to Trento, where his uncle, Cardinal Carlo Gaudenzio Madruzzo, had chosen him as his assistant and successor as prince-bishop. In 1627 he took the vows.
After obtaining the throne in Trento, he had to face a period of crisis caused by the Thirty Years' War and by the tense relations between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Papacy. During his rule he was able to obtain a wider degree of freedom from the House of Habsburg. In 1631 he ominously fled the city, which had been struck by plague; Madruzzo attracted further criticism for his relationship with a noblewoman, Claudia Particella. He repeatedly asked for a papal dispensation in order to be able her to marry her and legitimize their children.
He died suddenly at Trento in December 1658.
# Dendryphantes sanguineus

Dendryphantes sanguineus is a jumping spider species in the genus Dendryphantes that lives in Zimbabwe. It was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 2011.
# Thyrocopa usitata

Thyrocopa usitata is a moth of the family Xyloryctidae. It was first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1881. It is endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu and Hawaii.
The length of the forewings is 7–11 mm. Adults are on wing year round.
A larva was collected from rotting bark of Acacia koa.
# Alexandru Marin (physicist)

Alexandru Adalbert "Alex" Marin (June 25, 1945 – November 14, 2005) was an American experimental particle physicist, a professor of physics at MIT, Boston University and Harvard University, and a researcher at CERN and JINR.
Marin was born in France and arrived in Romania at 3 months, with his father Gaston Marin, who was Jewish.
He received his Ph.D. in physics from the Central Institute for Physics in Bucharest in 1977. Before moving to the United States in 1983, he worked on high energy physics and astrophysics experiments in Romania, the Soviet Union and CERN. He was Principal Investigator for experiments carried out at CERN and at Dubna from 1974 to 1979, and from 1974 to 1983 was Principal Investigator for the Transition Radiation Experiment on the Intercosmos 17 satellite, and the ASTRO1 and ASTRO2 experiments on the Romanian Astronaut flight.
After moving to the United States, Marin played leading roles in several large international experiments. He designed and built a laser calibration system for MACRO, a search for magnetic monopoles and other exotic hypothetical particles. He worked on the PBAR and EXAM anti-matter balloon experiments, which contributed to the design of the AMS magnetic spectrometer that was later flown on the Space Shuttle. For LIGO, the sensitive gravity wave experiment, Marin designed and built environmental monitoring systems.
At CERN, Marin designed and built the radiation monitor for the silicon tracker of the L3 experiment on LEP. In 1991, he proposed and developed a muon system concept for the Superconducting Super Collider that was virtually identical to the one later chosen for the ATLAS experiment. Marin was a long-term member of the ATLAS Muon Collaboration and helped construct and install 81 end-cap muon chambers.
Marin was a co-author on 266 publications during his career. He died suddenly in 2005 after contracting necrotizing fasciitis, a rare and rapidly progressing infection.