OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Third Upper Peru campaign

The Third Upper Peru campaign was an unsuccessful invasion by the rebel United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, in 1815 during the Argentine War of Independence, of Upper Peru (today Bolivia), which was still under control of Spanish troops.

## The campaign

The first and second campaign had ended in failure, but had also weakened the Spanish troops in Upper Peru.
The Northern Army, unofficially commanded by José Rondeau, started another campaign, but this time without the authorization of Supreme Director Ignacio Álvarez Thomas. With the lack of official support, the army faced anarchy and later would lose the aid of the Provincial Army of Salta, commanded by Martín Miguel de Güemes.
After a successful battle in April 1815 at Puesto del Marquéz, near today's border between Bolivia and Argentina, Rondeau's army reached Potosí by June and Chayanta by September. In October, an attempt to overrun a small Royalist garrison at Venta y Media ended in defeat. Despite this setback, the Army of the North occupied Cochabamba.
In the meantime, the weak situation of the over-extended Royal Army in Upper Peru had changed with the arrival of the reinforcement of a division under the command of Juan Ramírez Orozco and with the arrival of loyal troops from Chile. Pezuela now launched a counteroffensive against Rondeau, and inflicted a crushing defeat in the Battle of Sipe-Sipe (or Viluma) on 28 November.
Again, the Northern Army had to withdraw to Tucuman and all northern territories were lost. They were reannexed by the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru, and later became present-day Bolivia. This unsuccessful outcome to the campaign would spread rumors in Europe that the May Revolution was over.
# Nukem

Nukem may refer to:
* Duke Nukem, character in Captain Planet and the Planeteers
* Duke Nukem (character), fictional character and protagonist of the Duke Nukem series
* Nukem Energy, German nuclear fuel company
* Nukem Technologies, German nuclear waste company
* Teddy Joseph Von Nukem (1987–2023), American white nationalist and far-right extremist
# Empire Jazz

Empire Jazz is an album by bassist Ron Carter featuring jazz interpretations of five of John Williams' themes from The Empire Strikes Back which was recorded in 1980 and released on the RSO label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated "the all-star group has plenty of solo space and the music is transformed into reasonably creative jazz".

## Track listing

All compositions by John Williams.
* "The Imperial March (Darth Vader's Theme)" – 8:33
* "The Asteroid Field" – 9:08
* "Han Solo and the Princess (Love Theme)" – 8:09
* "Lando's Palace" – 7:04
* "Yoda's Theme" – 5:25

## Personnel

* Ron Carter – bass, arranger
* Jon Faddis, Joe Shepley – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Eddie Bert – trombone
* Hubert Laws – flute
* Frank Wess – tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone
* Bob James – piano
* Jay Berliner – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
* Billy Cobham - drums
* Ralph MacDonald – percussion
Album cover Artwork: Jeff Wack
# Bianchi International

Bianchi International of Temecula, California is a worldwide producer of leather and nylon goods for the law enforcement industry. Since the 1960s they have produced items from gun holsters to duty belts and everything related in between.
Armor Holdings bought Bianchi International in 2004; BAE Systems bought Armor in 2007.
John Bianchi, the founder of Bianchi International, was working together with his colleague, Neale Perkins, who later established his own company, Safariland. Bianchi's right-hand man was Richard Nichols, a talented designer who was instrumental in the design and development of most of the company's products for over twenty years. Both companies have since become major suppliers of law enforcement equipment.
Warren Kanders and the management team of Safariland acquired Safariland from BAE Systems for approximately $124 million in July 2012.
# Paul Robinson Observatory

Paul Robinson Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the New Jersey Astronomical Association. It is located at Voorhees State Park in Lebanon Township, New Jersey.
# Paul Mayom Akech

Paul Mayom Akech is a South Sudanese politician. He is the current Minister for Irrigation and Water Resources in the Cabinet of South Sudan. He was appointed to that position on 10 July 2011.
# Calleguas Creek Site

The Calleguas Creek Site is a 1.4-acre (0.57 ha) archeological site on Calleguas Creek and the Oxnard Plain, near Oxnard in Ventura County, Southern California.

## Description

It is the site of a former village of the Chumash people, and includes their burial sites.
The archeological site has been designated as CA-Ven-110, and was listed with its location is not disclosed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1976. It received NRHP listing to protect its potential to yield archeological information in the future.

### Calleguas Creek context

The Calleguas Creek watershed area was of importance to the Chumash. They had at least five villages along the creek, which "provided them with sources of food, ceremony, cultural materials for baskets, jewelry, and clothing." Sites of Chumash burials have been uncovered at the Calleguas Creek Site and the others.
Unfortunately there has been "unlawful dredging and filling activity in the creek bed and channelization activities, [which] alter[s] and destroy[s] sacred sites and burial sites, sometimes without the knowledge of Chumash and scientific communities."
Calleguas Creek is one of California's most heavily polluted rivers, from agricultural runoff, urban and suburban runoff, and sewage discharges. It empties into the Pacific Ocean at Mugu Lagoon in the former Naval Air Station Point Mugu, present day Naval Base Ventura County. The saltwater wetlands and estuary habitat of the lagoon area is nonetheless significant.
# Indriksons

Indriksons/Indriksone is a Latvian surname, the Latvianized form of Indrikson.
* Arnolds Indriksons (1893 – 1941), Latvian middle-distance runner
* Baiba Indriksone (born 1932), Latvian actress
* Ilze Indriksone (born 1974), Latvian environmental planner and politician
# Yuen

Yuen is a Cantonese Chinese surname, which can refer to:
袁, 阮, 元, 源, 原 and 苑
* Yuan (surname), the Pinyin transliteration of the Han Chinese surnames 袁, 元, 源, 原 and 苑
* Ruan (surname), the Pinyin transliteration of the Han Chinese surname 阮
* Chinese yuan, the basic unit of currency in China
# Avirostrum

Avirostrum is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Avirostrum grisea
* Avirostrum lignaria
* Avirostrum ochraceum
* Avirostrum pallens
* Avirostrum pratti Bethune-Baker, 1908
# Karl Schmitt-Walter

Karl Schmitt-Walter (23 December 1900 – 14 January 1985) was a prominent German opera singer, particularly associated with Mozart and the more lyrical Wagner baritone roles.

## Life and career

Schmitt-Walter was born in Germersheim. He studied at the Nuremberg Conservatory with Gustav Landauer, and made his debut there in 1921. He subsequently appeared at provincial opera houses in Oberhausen, Saarbrücken, Dortmund and Wiesbaden, building a reputation for vocal excellence as he went along. Schmitt-Walter made his key debut at the Berlin State Opera in 1935, as Luna in Il trovatore, which led to a long association with this important theatre, where he would sing wide repertory of lyric parts for the baritone voice. He also performed often at the Hamburg State Opera, the Vienna State Opera, the Salzburg Festival, the Bayreuth Festival, and, from 1950, the Munich State Opera.
Outside the Austro-German operatic heartland, he made guest appearances at the Paris Opéra, the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, in London, the Liceo in Barcelona, La Monnaie in Brussels and the Holland Festival, among other major European venues.
Schmitt-Walter possessed a comparatively light, high-baritone voice of great beauty and was equipped with an exceptionally good singing technique. He was particularly admired in Mozart and Wagner roles, notably Papageno, Wolfram von Eschenbach, and Beckmesser, which role he often sang at Bayreuth. Schmitt-Walter also performed in Verdi operas such as Ernani, La traviata and Un ballo in maschera, mostly in German translation. He enjoyed considerable success in light German operas by Lortzing and also in operetta. He was an excellent lieder interpreter, too. In 1957 he was appointed professor at the State Music University in Munich. He was awarded the Grand Cross of Merit for the Federal Republic of Germany and the Bavarian Order of Merit. The King of Denmark awarded him the Order of Merit (Dannebrogorden). From 1962, he taught in Munich and Copenhagen and died in Bavaria at the age of 84.

## Selected Recordings

* Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, Bayreuth 1960, conducted by Hans Knappertsbusch.
* Die Zauberflöte, Salzburg, 1949, conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler.

## Selected filmography

* Whom the Gods Love (1942)

## Sources

* Operissimo.com
* schmitt-walter.de
# Bianchini

Bianchini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adhemar Bianchini (1940–2005), Brazilian footballer
* Angela Bianchini (1921–2018), Italian fiction writer and literary critic
* Brian Bianchini (1978–2004), American male model
* Francesco Bianchini (1662–1729), Italian philosopher and scientist, after whom Bianchini (lunar crater) and Bianchini (Martian crater) are named
* Frank Bianchini (born 1961), American football player
* Gina Bianchini, founder of the Ning social networking platform
* Giovanni Bianchini (1410–c.1449), Italian astronomer
* Giovanni Battista Bianchini (after 1650 – 1708), Italian composer, organist, and choir conductor
* Giuseppe Bianchini (1704–1764), Italian Oratorian, biblical, historical, and liturgical scholar
* Leslie Bianchini (born 1947), Playboy magazine Playmate of the Month
* Lorenzo Bianchini (born 1989), Italian professional football player
* Orlando Bianchini (born 1955), Italian hammer thrower
* Stefano Bianchini (born 1970), Italian mathematician
* Vincenzo Bianchini (1903–2000), Italian artist
* Victor Bianchini (born 1938), American judge
# British Atomic Scientists Association

The British Atomic Scientists Association (ASA or BASA), was founded by Joseph Rotblat in 1946.
It was a politically neutral group, composed of eminent physicists and other scientists and was concerned with matters of British public policy regarding applications and dangers of nuclear physics (including nuclear weapons and nuclear power).
In so doing it also sought to inform fellow scientists and the public of the essential facts, usually via published papers and other documents.

## Members

The vice-president (VP) was the executive head while the president (P) was the honorary position.
* Kathleen Lonsdale (VP, P 1967)
* Harrie Massey
* Nevill Mott
* Joseph Rotblat (VP 1946)
* Basil Schonland
# Duddenhausen

Duddenhausen is a village in the municipality of Bücken, district of Nienburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Duddenhausen has an area of 705 hectares (7,72 square miles).

## History

Duddenhausen was first mentioned 987 in a document of the Archdiocese of Bremen. Tenors were possessions of the chapter of Bücken, which was found 882. The four oldest farms in Duddenhausen were always property of this cloister, so the village may be already existed 882 minimum. There are two other references for a greater age: 1) In Duddenhausen are rests of hill-graves from the bronze-age. 2) The Saxon place-name "Duddenhausen" means "Dudo's house" (Dudden= Dudo, a Saxon first name. hausen=house or houses). In Lower Saxony are these place-names-formations; a reference for villages existing before 1000.
In the 13th century a knight-family was domiciled in Duddenhausen.
Duddenhausen was situated in the County of Hoya. When the last count of Hoya died 1582, the new dominion duchy Brunswick-Lüneburg ordered a "Ratslagerbuch", a book with declarations of the farms, the farmers names, taxes and the size of arable land. At his time there were 14 farms in Duddenhausen.
In the Thirty Years' War some farms were destroyed.
Since 1706 there existed a school in Duddenhausen (closed 1969).
In 1793 there were 32 farms in Duddenhausen mentioned.
In 1840 in the Kingdom of Hanover the serfdom was abolished.
In 1940 there were 50 farms in Duddenhausen.
Until 1974, Duddenhausen was an independent municipality. Since 1974 Duddenhausen has been a district of the market-town Bücken.
Official population numbers for Duddenhausen:
* 1821: 278
* 1848: 315
* 1871: 317
* 1905: 298
* 1910: 311
* 1939: 254
* 1946: 439
* 1950: 421
* 1980: 250
* 2008: 300

## Economy

For centuries the people were farmers. Today there are six families which are still farmers and cultivate wheat, rye, barley, avena, triticale, maize, rapeseed, sugar beet, potatoes, asparagus and bilberries. This district is very famous for asparagus. The main animals here are milk cattle and horses. 100/150 years ago the farmers had also bees, sheep and were making peat in the moor. Now the people work in Hanover, Bremen, Nienburg, Verden, Minden, Hoya, Syke. But the old farm buildings are still left. Some of them are traditionally timber framed buildings. The pupils attend schools in Bücken, Hoya and Nienburg. There are no shops and inns in Duddenhausen, but some businesses exist: an ecologic wine trade, a veterinarian, an Iceland-pony stud farm, bricklayer, wheelwright and an architecture bureau.

## Voluntary associations

* "Schützenverein Duddenhausen" - A Rifle Men's club with 120 members. Established 1901 for shooting sports in a rifle range.
* "Freiwillige Feuerwehr Duddenhausen" - A Volunteer fire department with 30 active members (fire fighters), 12 senior members and 50 promoting members. Established 1902.
* "Sportverein Duddenhausen" - A Sports club with soccer and handball teams. 400 members with a sports field. This Club is an official partner of the German federal league soccer club SV Werder Bremen.
# Calleida cordicollis

Calleida cordicollis is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae.
# Cameroonian football league system

The Cameroonian football league system is a series of interconnected leagues for football clubs in Cameroon.

## Men
### National leagues

| Level | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) |
| 1 | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs | Elite One 22 clubs |
| 2 | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs | Elite Two 13 Clubs |

### Regional and Departmental leagues

| Regional Leagues (Level 3) | Departmental Leagues (Level 4) |
| Adamaoua | Djérem |
| Adamaoua | Faro et Déo |
| Adamaoua | Mayo Banyo |
| Adamaoua | Mbéré |
| Adamaoua | Vina |
| Centre | Nyong et Kellé |
| Centre | Méfou et Afamba |
| Centre | Mbam et Kim |
| Centre | Mfoundi |
| Centre | Nyong et Mfoumou |
| Centre | Lékié |
| Centre | Mbam et Inoubou |
| Centre | Nyong et So'o |
| Centre | Haute Sanaga |
| Centre | Mefou et Akono |
| East | Boumba et Ngoko |
| East | Haut Nyong |
| East | Kadey |
| East | Lom-et-Djerem |
| Far North | Diamaré |
| Far North | Mayo Danay |
| Far North | Mayo Kani |
| Far North | Logone et Chari |
| Far North | Mayo Sava |
| Far North | Mayo Tsanaga |
| Littoral | Wouri |
| Littoral | Nkam |
| Littoral | Sanaga Maritime |
| Littoral | Moungo |
| North | Bénoué |
| North | Mayo Louti |
| North | Mayo Rey |
| North | Faro |
| Northwest | Boyo |
| Northwest | Bui |
| Northwest | Donga Mantung |
| Northwest | Menchum |
| Northwest | Mezam |
| Northwest | Momo |
| Northwest | Ngo ketunjia |
| South | Dja et Lobo |
| South | Mvila |
| South | Océan |
| South | Vallée du Ntem |
| Southwest | Fako |
| Southwest | Koupé Manengouba |
| Southwest | Lebialem |
| Southwest | Manyu |
| Southwest | Meme |
| Southwest | Ndian |
| West | Bamboutos |
| West | Haut Nkam |
| West | Hauts Plateaux |
| West | Koung Khi |
| West | Menoua |
| West | Mifi |
| West | Ndé |
| West | Noun |

## Women

| Level | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) | League(s)/Division(s) |
| 1 | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs | Cameroonian Women's Championship 12 clubs |
# Yuemei Route

Yuemei Route (Chinese: 月眉通路; pinyin: Yuèméi Tōnglù) is a path along Daxi Old Street in Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.

## History

The route was constructed by Li Jin-sin family during the late Qing Dynasty period. It used to play a significant role for transportation of the old street. In 1998, a renovation project was carried out along the street, in which the route was upgraded by having rectangular-shaped facade added later on.

## Architecture

The path is located along the slope from Daxi Old Street area at the lower ground to Yuemei at the upper ground. The entrance to the path is located on Heping Road of the old street on a land donated by the Li family. The path is narrow with architecture style similar to the surrounding buildings.
# Berwick-upon-Tweed (disambiguation)

Places known as Berwick-upon-Tweed include:
* the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, within
* the local government district and borough of Berwick-upon-Tweed, within
* the parliamentary constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
in the county of Northumberland, England.
# Avis, Ohio

Avis is an unincorporated community in Putnam County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.
Avis was once a station on the railroad but the site was not officially platted. A former variant name of Avis was Bushong. A post office called Bushong was established in 1891, and remained in operation until 1903. Little remains of the original community.Ohio. Two houses. Once owned by Hubert Bernard and Adelia Rechtine Buddelmeyer. Adelia Buddelmeyer ran a general store in Avis for over 40 years.
# Crossgatehall Halt railway station

Crossgatehall Halt railway station served the Dalkeith Colliery pits in the hamlet of Crossgatehall, East Lothian, Scotland, from 1913 to 1930 on the Macmerry Branch.

## History

The station was opened on 1 August 1913 by the North British Railway. Opposite the platform was Dalkeith Colliery signal box, which opened a year before the station. The station closed on 1 January 1917 but reopened on 1 February 1919, before closing permanently on 22 September 1930. The railway cottage to the north survives, although in a heavily modified state.
# Dodia maja

Dodia maja is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Jurij Rekelj and M. Česanek in 2009. It is found in the Russian Far East (Magadan territory). Adults are found from mid-June to early July.
# Turbonilla soniliana

Turbonilla soniliana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
# Wii Chess

Wii Chess is a chess video game for the Wii console. It was developed by Nintendo and Lancarse and was released on January 18, 2008, in Europe as a budget-priced retail title. Under the name Tsūshin Taikyoku: World Chess (Japanese: 通信対局 ワールドチェス, Hepburn: Tsūshin Taikyoku: Wārudochesu, transl. [Tele]communication Game: World Chess), it was released as a downloadable WiiWare title in Japan on September 30, 2008. The game was never released in North America or Australia, making it the only game in the Wii series that was not released in those continents. It is also the only game in the series that does not have playable Mii characters.
Wii Chess uses the Loop Express chess engine.

## Gameplay

The game is played using the Wii Remote. However, instead of the pointer function, chess pieces are moved across the board using the D-pad on the controller.
The game features an option that gives players new to chess instructions on how each piece should move across the board. Players are also able to record and replay their games at a later time. Players could also play online against other players courtesy of the Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection, with Wii Chess players being able to compete against players of World Chess and vice versa.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Eurogamer | 7/10 |
| GamesRadar+ | |
| Official Nintendo Magazine | 78% |
| VideoGamer.com | 7/10 |
Official Nintendo Magazine UK gave the game 78%. They praised the great online multiplayer and how the game plays a "perfect game". Their main criticisms were the bland visuals and the fact it will not capture the imaginations of people who do not like chess. Eurogamer gave the game 7/10, citing that it features a number of "sensible options", but notes that it misses features that would more than justify the price of the game.
# David Twersky (journalist)

David Twersky (February 19, 1950 – July 16, 2010) was a journalist, Zionist activist, and peace advocate in Israel and the United States. He was an editor for The Jewish Daily Forward and The New York Sun and a leader of the American Jewish Congress.

## Biography

David Twerksy was born and raised in the Bronx, New York, where he grew up in the left-leaning Sholem Aleichem cooperative housing project. He attended Ramaz School in Manhattan and was active in the Labor Zionist youth movement Habonim. He attended City College of New York. In 1974, Twersky made aliyah (emigrated to Israel) and helped to re-establish Kibbutz Gezer. Twersky died of cancer on July 16, 2010, at the age of 60 in his home in West Orange, New Jersey.

## Journalism career

In Israel, Twersky worked for the Labor Party's international affairs department, where he dealt with the Socialist International. He edited Shdemot, the literary journal of the kibbutz movement, and Spectrum, an English-language political monthly. Twersky served in an artillery unit during the 1982 Lebanon War.
Twersky returned to the U.S. in 1986 and became a full-time journalist. When the Yiddish Forverts started an English-language edition in 1990, he became deputy editor and Washington bureau chief. During his seven years at The Forward, Twersky was responsible for breaking many news stories. One of his best-known stories involved President Bill Clinton's associate Johnnetta B. Cole, who had been suggested as a possible nominee for Secretary of Education, and the fact that she had served on the national committee of the Venceremos Brigade. Another of Twersky's stories brought to light some views of Lani Guinier, a law professor whom Clinton had nominated to be Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights; those opinions were considered controversial and her nomination was withdrawn.
After leaving The Forward, Twersky became editor of the New Jersey Jewish News. Later he joined The New York Sun as foreign editor and columnist. Twersky also worked as director of international affairs for the American Jewish Congress.