OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Auguste Chevalier

Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier (June 1873, in Domfront – June 1956, in Paris) was a French botanist, taxonomist, and explorer of tropical Africa, especially of French colonial empire in Africa that included Côte d'Ivoire. He also explored and collected plants in South America and tropical Asia. Chevalier was a prolific contributor to the knowledge of African plants, studying forest trees and their woods, grasses, and agricultural plants of the continent. Unlike other botanists who studied the plants of tropical Africa, Chevalier also ranged to the floral regions of the Sahara.
In 1896, he obtained his degree in natural sciences and in 1901 his phD from the University of Lille. At Lille he worked as an assistant to botanist Charles Eugene Bertrand (1851-1917). In 1899–1900, he took part in a scientific mission in French Sudan, and in 1905 established a botanical garden in Dalaba, French Guinea. From 1913 to 1919, he collected plants throughout Indochina. Later, he attained a professorship in Paris (1929).
In 1937, he was elected as a member of the Académie des sciences, serving as its president in 1953. He was also a member of the Académie des sciences d'outre-mer (from 1922), president of the Société botanique de France (1929), vice-president of the Comité national de géographie (1935-1952) and a member of the Académie d'agriculture de France (from 1937). He was elected a Foreign Member of the Linnean Society of London.
In 1921, he founded the journal, Revue de Botanique appliquée et d'Agriculture coloniale. The botanical genera Chevalierella, Chevalierodendron, Neochevaliera and Neochevalierodendron are named in his honor.

## Selected writings

* Sur l'existence probable d'une mer récente dans la région de Tombouctou, 1901 - On the probable existence of a recent sea in the region of Timbuktu.
* Rapport sur une mission scientifique et économique au Chari-lac-Tchad, 1905 - Report on a scientific and economic mission involving the Chari-Lake Chad.
* La forêt vierge de la Côte d'Ivoire, 1908 - The virgin forest of the Ivory Coast.
* Mission Chari-Lac Tchad, 1902-1904: L'Afrique Centrale Française, 1908 - Chari-Lake Chad mission (1902–04); French central Africa.
* Le Pays des Hollis et les régions voisines: Mission scientifique de l'Afrique occidentale française, 1910 - The country of Hollis and neighboring regions; scientific mission to French West Africa.
* La forét et les bois du Gabon, 1917 - The forest and wood of Gabon.
* La forêt du Brésil, 1929 - The forest of Brazil.
* Les iles du Cap Vert : flore de l'Archipel, 1935 - The islands of Cape Verde; flora of the archipelago.
* L'agriculture coloniale : origines et évolutions, 1949 - Colonial agriculture, origins and evolutions.
* Octave Lignier, professeur de botanique à la Faculté des sciences de l'Université de Caen... (1855-1916). Notice biographique – Biography of Octave Lignier.
# Augusta Öhrström-Renard

Augusta Öhrström-Renard (16 February 1856 – 4 November 1921) was a Swedish mezzo-soprano opera singer who performed at the Royal Theatre in Stockholm (1881–1883) and gave concerts in France and North America. Her operatic roles included Azucena in Il trovatore, Bergadrottningen in Den bergtagna and Marta in the Swedish première of Mefistofele in 1883. From 1897 she lived in New York where she was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera for a five-year period.

## Biography

Born in Gothenburg on 16 February 1856, Augusta Öhrström was musically talented from an early age, playing both the piano and the violin and performing when she was only 11. Her parents therefore sent her to study music in Stockholm under Fredrika Stenhammar and Wilhelmina Strandberg when she was 15. She first sang at a Gothenburg concert when she was 17. After an engagement at the Royal Opera from 1881 to 1883, she moved to Paris where she met the foremost operatic composers of the day, including Gounod, Jules Massenet and Charles-Marie Widor. She spent four years in Paris where she frequently sang in salons and public concerts. In 1888, she participated in the music festival in Copenhagen.
Öhrström then went on tour in North America where she gained a reputation as an international star, performing no less than 126 times in Canada, Mexico and the United States in cities including Boston, Philadelphia, Quebec, Montreal, New Orleans and Washington. Wherever she went, she was enthusiastically acclaimed by both her audiences and the press. She then returned to Sweden in 1990, giving concerts in various venues in the south of the country.
From 1897 she lived in New York where she was engaged by the Metropolitan Opera for a five-year period. In 1903 she married the impresario Fred O. Renard. Augusta Öhrström-Renard died in New York City on 4 November 1921.
# Pié La Costa

Pié La Costa is a frazione of Tornimparte, in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo, region of Italy.
42°19′07″N 13°16′21″E﻿ / ﻿42.31861°N 13.27250°E﻿ / 42.31861; 13.27250
* This Abruzzo location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Gymnothorax taiwanensis

Gymnothorax taiwanensis (Taiwanese moray eel) is a moray eel found in the northwest Pacific Ocean around Taiwan. It was described by Chen, Loh and Shao in 2008.
Gymnothorax taiwanensis occurs in shallow reef and rocky shorelines southeastern Taiwan at depths of 3–30 m (9.8–98.4 ft). It can grow to 54 cm (21 in) total length.
# Gymnothorax walvisensis

Gymnothorax walvisensis is an eel in the family Muraenidae (moray eels). It was described by Artem Mikhailovich Prokofiev in 2009. It is a subtropical, marine eel which is known from Walvis Ridge, in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean (from which its species epithet is derived). Males are known to reach a maximum total length of 41.3 cm.
# Augsburg-Innenstadt

Augsburg Innenstadt (German: inner city) is one of the seventeen highest level civic divisions, or Planungsräume (planning district), of the city of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. Located in the centre of the city, it is the most populated planning district, home to 49,222 residents as of December 31, 2022.

## Location

Innenstadt is bordered on the west by Pfersee, the north by Oberhausen, to the east by the Lech river (bordering Lechhausen and Hochzoll), and to the south by Spickel–Herrenbach, Hochfeld and Antonsviertel.

## Landmarks

The historic city center of Augsburg, the old town within the city fortifications, is located in Innenstadt. The 17th-century Augsburg Town Hall (German: Augsburger Rathaus) is situated here.
# Platnick

Platnick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brian Platnick, American bridge player
* Norman I. Platnick (1951–2020), American biological systematist and arachnologist
* Ray Platnick (1917–1986), American photojournalist and newspaper photographer
# Platyla orthostoma

Platyla orthostoma is a species of very small land snail with an operculum, a terrestrial gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Aciculidae. This species is endemic to Bulgaria.
# Gérald Passedat

Gérald Passedat (born 24 March 1960) is a French chef, owner of the restaurant Le Petit Nice in Marseille. He has three stars at the Guide Michelin since 2008.

## Biography
### Family

The grandfather of Gérald Passedat, Germain, was born in 1871 in the Tarn-et-Garonne. After a training in baking and pastry in Paris, he created his company in Marseille. He bought and sold several companies and rebought in 1917 the Villa Corinthe, next to the sea near the Château d'If and the Frioul archipelago and next to the hill of Notre-Dame de la Garde to create the restaurant Le Petit Nice.
His father Jean-Paul was born in 1933. Like his mother, he became an opera singer but also got interested in cuisine. In the 1960s, he decided to become a full-time chef and hotel owner. He transformed with his wife Le Petit Nice in a luxury hotel, which gave him the opportunity to receive a first Michelin star in 1977 and a second one in 1981. Jean-Paul Passédat also received the title of Chevalier of the National Order of Merit in 1988.

### Childhood and training course

Gérald Passedat was born on 24 March 1960 in Marseille. As a young child, he spent his time in the kitchens observing the work of his father and the housemaids. He decided to become a chef as well and followed a rich eight-year training course.
* École Hôtelière of Nice (like his father)
* Le Coq Hardi in Bougival
* Le Bristol in Paris
* Le Crillon in Paris
* Restaurant of the Frères Troisgros in Roanne
* Les Prés d'Eugénie in Eugénie-les-Bains with Michel Guérard
In 1985, he joined the kitchens of his father's restaurant Le Petit Nice. He then became the chef in 1987 when his father became the manager of the hotel restaurant.

## Cuisine

As an enthusiast of underwater diving, the cuisine of Gérald Passedat is composed of a number of steps and is mostly made of fish. It is also influenced by the Provence and especially Marseille, for its different vegetables and herbs.

### Forgotten fishes

His cuisine is Mediterranean, where he finds with the help of fishermen from Marseille, fishes that are often forgotten like the tub gurnard, the wrasse or the comber. These fishes, fished all around Marseille, come from different areas deep underwater. In many of his dishes, the fish succeed to crustaceans and is conceived in a broth or a carcass emulsion, without adding fat.

### Desserts

His desserts are made to impress as much in the visual than in the taste. He and his pastry chef create desserts with chocolate, liquorice and all kinds of fruits.
* Pink Pralines
* Chocolate "Équateur" with raspberry vinegar

### Signature dishes

* Sea anemones in iodized cream, foamy milk with caviar, watercress broth and shellfish
* Bass Lucie Passedat
* Lobster with clarified ginger and purple abyssal
* Bouillabaisse

## Honours of Le Petit Nice and the Passedat family

* 1977: one Michelin star (Jean-Paul Passedat)
* 1981: two Michelin stars (Jean-Paul Passedat)
* 1991: Jean-Paul Passedat is received at the Académie Nationale de Cuisine
* 2008: three Michelin stars
* 2010: Gérald Passedat is named Chevalier (Knight) of the Legion of Honour
# Attorney General Douglas

Attorney General Douglas may refer to:
* Ian Douglas (politician) (fl. 2000s), Attorney General of Dominica
* Paul L. Douglas (1927–2012), Attorney General of Nebraska
* Robert Dick Douglas (1875–1960), Attorney General of North Carolina
* Samuel Douglas (1781–1833), Attorney General of Pennsylvania
* Wallace B. Douglas (1852–1930), Attorney General of Minnesota
# Aulonemia radiata

Aulonemia radiata is a species of bamboo of the genus Aulonemia. It is part of the grass family and endemic to Latin America.
# Aulonemia patula

Aulonemia patula is a species of the genus Aulonemia of bamboo. It is part of the grass family and endemic to Latin America.
# The Perfect Weapon: War, Sabotage, and Fear in the Cyber Age

The Perfect Weapon: War, Sabotage, and Fear in the Cyber Age is a 2018 book by David E. Sanger. It discusses the evolution and concerns of cyber warfare, with a focus on the United States and its cyber capabilities.
# Gwyddyl Ffichti

Gwyddyl Ffichti is a term that appears in the third series of Welsh Triads, apparently referring to the Picts. It was central to William Forbes Skene's argument that the Picts were a Goidelic, Celtic-speaking people and that their language was ancestral to modern Scottish Gaelic. The passage in which it appears is believed to be an invention of the 18th/19th century Welsh Antiquarian Iolo Morganwg. The suspicion of Morganwg's forgery was first raised by Skene himself in 1868:
   It is a peculiarity attaching to almost all of the documents which have emanated from the chair of Glamorgan, in other words, from Iolo Morganwg, that they are not to be found in any of the Welsh MSS. contained in other collections, and that they must be accepted on his authority alone. It is not unreasonable, therefore, to say that they must be viewed with some suspicion, and that very careful discrimination is required in the use of them.
While Skene admitted that the "authenticity of the Triads is not unexceptional", he maintained that the term was valid as it was also present in the Triads of Arthur and his Warriors. Skene revised his position on the nature of the Pictish language to suggest it was an amalgamation of "Welsh" and "Gaelic":
   It has been too much narrowed by the assumption that, if it is shewn to be a Celtic dialect, it must of necessity be absolutely identic in all its features either with Welsh or with Gaelic. But this necessity does not really exist; and the result I come to is, that it is not Welsh, neither is it Gaelic; but it is a Gaelic dialect partaking largely of Welsh forms.
# Guts & Garbage

Guts & Garbage is the debut full-length album by Kirsten Price, released on October 19, 2007. The album's single, "Magic Tree", was featured on Showtime's The L Word, and appeared on a compilation CD for that show.

## Track listing

* "Magic Tree" – 3:24
* "All Right" – 3:21
* "Fall”– 3:10
* "Crazy Beautiful" – 3:40
* "5 Days Old" – 4:20
* "Freedom" – 3:28
* "Bring Me Back" – 3:27
* "Let Me Go" – 4:07
* "Red Hot" – 4:05
* "Possibilities" – 4:31
# Plymouth Congregational Church (Syracuse, New York)

Plymouth Congregational Church is located on East Onondaga Street in Syracuse, New York. It was designed in 1858 by Horatio Nelson White in the Romanesque Revival style. The founding congregation was closely associated with the abolitionist movement in Syracuse. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
# Plymouth Council

Plymouth Council could refer to:
* Plymouth City Council, England
* Plymouth Council for New England, North America
* Plymouth Council (Boy Scouts of America), a defunct local council of the Boy Scouts of America
# Gustave Goetschy

Henri Gustave Goetschy (13 September 1846 – 11 August 1902) was a French writer, journalist, art critic, and publication director.

## Early life

Henri Gustave Goetschy was born on September 13, 1846, in Percey, son of attorney Charles Pierre Goetschy (1807-1880), and Aglaé Lemaire (1827-1898). The Goetschys are from Porrentruy, Switzerland, where their grandfather, Jean-Joseph Goetschy (1751-1825), who was also a judge during the French Revolution, had founded a printing press.

## Career

In 1878, he published an essay with Ludovic Baschet, "Les Jeunes Peintres Militaires", dealing with Alphonse de Neuville, Édouard Detaille and Henri-Louis Dupray. In 1886, he prefaced a sales catalog of Neuville's works. Gustave Goetschy also wrote in the Revue illustrée, Le Voltaire and La Vie moderne. In 1881, he published a theatrical work, Our Professor, a monologue in one act.
In 1886, as an art critic for Le Matin , he launched Matin-Salon, an annual periodical devoted to Parisian painting salons. Two years later, he launched, in partnership with the gallery owner Georges Petit, the illustrated almanac Paris-Noël, in the same format, published every December. Gustave Goetschy was the director of the publication until 1902. The title was bought the following November by Alfred Edwards, founder of Le Matin, and his brother-in-law Jean-Baptiste Charcot.
In 1888, he also launched L'Illustré moderne, a "journal-library" offering chronicles on art, short stories and novels, a periodical which seemed to disappear in 1890.
He died in the 7th arrondissement of Paris on August 11, 1902.

## Publications

* Pressed for the Salon: Studio Scenes (1877)
* "Young Military Painters" (1878)
* Our Professor: A Monologue in One Act (1879)
* Catalog of watercolor paintings and drawings, weapons of war, military hairstyles and pieces of armament from the A. de Neuville workshop (1886)
* Berthe Bernay (1890)
# Play Magnus

Play Magnus may refer to:
* Play Magnus Group, a Norwegian chess company co-founded by Magnus Carlsen
* Play Magnus (mobile app), a computer chess mobile app developed by Play Magnus Group
# Gynnidomorpha sphaenophora

Gynnidomorpha sphaenophora is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Java in Indonesia and Luzon in the Philippines.
# Po Lam (disambiguation)

Po Lam is a neighbourhood in Tseung Kwan O, New Territories, Hong Kong.
Po Lam may also refer to:
* Po Lam (constituency), a constituency in Sai Kung District
* Po Lam Estate, a public housing estate in Tseung Kwan O
* Po Lam station, a MTR station on the Tseung Kwan O line
# Pleurotus smithii

Pleurotus smithii is a species of fungus in the family Pleurotaceae, described as new to science by mycologist Gastón Guzmán in 1975. Like other species of the Pleurotus cystidiosus clade, it has an anamorphic form, named Antromycopsis guzmanii. P. smithii can be distinguished from P. cystidiosus by lack of pleurocystidia or them being only present in young stages as cystidioid elements, short hyphal segments of the conidiophores in the anamorph, and long subcylindrical cheilocystidia in the teleomorph form.
# Pleuroxia

Pleuroxia is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Hadrinae of the family Camaenidae.

## Species

Species within the genus Pleuroxia include:
* Pleuroxia abstans Iredale, 1939
* Pleuroxia carmeena G.A. Solem, 1993
* Pleuroxia clydonigera R. Tate, 1894
* Pleuroxia cyrtopleura (Pfeiffer, 1862)
* Pleuroxia everardensis (Bednall, 1892)
* Pleuroxia italowiana Solem, 1992
* Pleuroxia lemani G.P.L.K. Gude, 1916
* Pleuroxia overlanderensis G.A. Solem, 1997
* Pleuroxia phillipsiana (Angas, 1873)

### Synonyms

* Pleuroxia adcockiana (Bednall, 1894): synonym of Granulomelon adcockianum (Bednall, 1894)
* Pleuroxia arcigerens Tate, 1894: synonym of Granulomelon adcockianum (Bednall, 1894)
* Pleuroxia bethana Solem, 1997: synonym of Basedowena bethana (Solem, 1997) (original combination)
* Pleuroxia commenta Iredale, 1939: synonym of Basedowena polypleura (Tate, 1899) (junior synonym)
* Pleuroxia cooperi Cotton, 1939: synonym of Pleuroxia phillipsiana (Angas, 1873) (junior synonym)
* Pleuroxia elfina Iredale, 1939: synonym of Basedowena elfina (Iredale, 1939)
* Pleuroxia hinsbyi Gude, 1916: synonym of Basedowena hinsbyi (Gude, 1916) (superseded combination)
* Pleuroxia mawsoni Iredale, 1937: synonym of Cooperconcha mawsoni (Iredale, 1937) (original combination)
* Pleuroxia musga Iredale, 1937: synonym of Tatemelon musgum (Iredale, 1937) (original combination)
* Pleuroxia oligopleura (Tate, 1894): synonym of Basedowena oligopleura (Tate, 1894)
* Pleuroxia polypleura (Tate, 1899): synonym of Basedowena polypleura (Tate, 1899)
* Pleuroxia radiata (Hedley, 1905): synonym of Basedowena radiata (Hedley, 1905)
* Pleuroxia ruga otton, 1953: synonym of Strepsitaurus rugus (Cotton, 1953) (original combination)
# Plaça Molina (Barcelona–Vallès Line)

Plaça Molina is a station of the Barcelona Metro on the FGC-operated line L7 (also known as Línia de Balmes). The station is situated under by Plaça Molina, a square in the Sarrià-Sant Gervasi district. It is connected by an underground pedestrian passageway to the nearby Sant Gervasi station on line L6 of the metro.
The station opened in 1953, with the inauguration of the railway section spanning from Gràcia to Avinguda Tibidabo (still the terminus of the line). The link to Sant Gervasi station opened in 2008.
The station has twin tracks, with two 60 metres (200 ft) long side platforms. Because of proximity to street level, each platform has its own street access, with the two platforms being linked by an underpass below the track level.
# Gymnastics at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Women's rhythmic individual clubs

The Women's rhythmic individual clubs gymnastics competition at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England was held on 6 August 2022 at the Arena Birmingham.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
All times are British Summer Time (UTC+1)
| Date | Time | Round |
| Thursday 4 August 2022 | 12:00 | Qualification |
| Saturday 6 August 2022 | 11:22 | Final |

## Results
### Qualification

Qualification for this apparatus final was determined within the team final.

### Final

The results are as follows:
| Rank | Gymnast | Difficulty | Execution | Penalty | Total |
| | Alexandra Kiroi-Bogatyreva (AUS) | 13.400 | 7.800 | | 29.400 |
| | Carmel Kallemaa (CAN) | 12.900 | 8.200 | | 29.100 |
| | Izzah Amzan (MAS) | 12.800 | 7.800 | | 28.600 |
| 4 | Havana Rosalie Hopman (NZL) | 12.300 | 7.900 | -0.30 | 27.800 |
| 5 | Elizabeth Petrova Popova (WAL) | 12.200 | 7.600 | | 27.700 |
| 6 | Louise Christie (SCO) | 11.600 | 7.900 | -0.05 | 27.550 |
| 7 | Anna Sokolova (CYP) | 13.000 | 6.600 | | 27.300 |
| 8 | Saffron Severn (ENG) | 10.400 | 7.200 | -0.05 | 25.450 |
# Gymnastics at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Women's rhythmic individual ball

The Women's rhythmic individual ball gymnastics competition at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England were held on 6 August 2022 at the Arena Birmingham.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
All times are British Summer Time (UTC+1)
| Date | Time | Round |
| Thursday 4 August 2022 | 12:00 | Qualification |
| Saturday 6 August 2022 | 10:42 | Final |

## Results
### Qualification

Qualification for this apparatus final was determined within the team final.

### Final

The results are as follows:
| Rank | Gymnast | Difficulty | Execution | Penalty | Total |
| | Ng Joe Ee (MAS) | 14.400 | 7.700 | | 29.700 |
| | Suzanna Shahbazian (CAN) | 12.900 | 7.900 | -0.05 | 29.050 |
| | Anna Sokolova (CYP) | 13.100 | 7.800 | | 28.800 |
| 4 | Marfa Ekimova (ENG) | 12.300 | 8.100 | | 28.600 |
| 5 | Alexandra Kiroi-Bogatyreva (AUS) | 12.400 | 8.100 | | 28.600 |
| 6 | Tatiana Cocsanova (CAN) | 12.500 | 8.000 | -0.30 | 28.200 |
| 7 | Elizabeth Petrova Popova (WAL) | 12.300 | 6.900 | | 26.600 |
| 8 | Gemma Frizelle (WAL) | 11.000 | 8.000 | | 26.500 |
# Auguste Édouard Cerfberr

Auguste Édouard Cerfberr (1811, Épinal—1858) was a French author. Having completed his studies in law, Cerfberr entered the service of the government, in which he held many high positions. His last office was that of prefect and general inspector of the prisons at Grenoble. Cerfberr was the author of the following works:
* Du Gouvernement d'Alger (Paris, 1834)
* Des Sociétés de Bienfaisance Mutuelle, ou des Moyens d'Améliorer le Sort des Classes Ouvrières (Grenoble, 1836).
* Projet d'établissement d'un pénitencier d'essai à Paris (Paris, 1840)
# Black cumin

Black cumin can refer to the seeds of either of two quite different plants, both of which are used as spices:
* Elwendia persica, black cumin is considered similar to caraway, but they are two distinctly different plants. The seeds differ dramatically in shape, color and size. Caraway seeds appear brown in color, while Black Cumin is mostly black with a slight curve shape. This seed may be used in rice water to bring a slight flavor to the rice.
* Nigella sativa, black caraway is also called kalonji or nigella, and more common in the Far East, Mideast, Bangladesh, India and Africa. The seeds vary in shape, are pure dark black, with no other visible colors. This seed is used at the beginning of Indian Subcontinent cuisine to flavor the oil, onions, other spices, meats and vegetables.