OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jacob Alson Long

Jacob Alson Long (April 6, 1846 – October 4, 1923) was a lawyer in Graham, North Carolina. He was also one of the organizers of the original North Carolina branch of the Ku Klux Klan during the Reconstruction Era.

## Childhood

Jacob Alson Long was the sixth of eight children born to Jacob Long and Jane Long (née Stockard). Among his brothers was William Samual Long, first president of Elon College. After graduating from the Graham Institute, Jacob enrolled in the Hyco Academy in Virginia after his brother, Joseph Gibbs Long, was killed in the Civil War in 1863. Jacob Alson Long served briefly in Captain Wright’s Company of the Virginia Heavy Artillery.

## Law career

After serving in the Civil War, Jacob Alson Long studied law under attorney William Kirkland Ruffin.

## Klan activities

Jacob Alson Long was one of the organizers of the North Carolina Ku Klux Klan. Serving as the Chief of the County, he was instrumental in anchoring the Klan's activities in Alamance and Caswell Counties.
It is likely that Jacob Alson Long was involved (directly or indirectly) in the lynching of Wyatt Outlaw and the murder of John W. Stephens.
# Blanchard, Wisconsin

Blanchard is a town in Lafayette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 264 at the 2010 census. The town was founded in the 1840s by a branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints led by James Jesse Strang. It was named for Alvin Blanchard, who jointly owned the site along with Cyrus Newkirk.

## Geography

Blanchard occupies the northeast corner of Lafayette County. It is bordered to the north by Iowa County and to the east by Green County. The village of Blanchardville is in the northeast part of the town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 17.6 square miles (45.5 km$^2$), of which 0.02 square miles (0.06 km$^2$), or 0.12%, are water. The East Branch Pecatonica River flows southward through the east side of the town.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 261 people, 96 households, and 74 families residing in the town. The population density was 14.9 people per square mile (5.8/km$^2$). There were 103 housing units at an average density of 5.9 per square mile (2.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.47% White, 0.38% from other races, and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.38% of the population.
There were 96 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.9% were married couples living together, 3.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.9% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 32.6% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $48,068, and the median income for a family was $48,295. Males had a median income of $28,472 versus $22,344 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,160. About 2.5% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen and 10.3% of those 65 or over.

## Notable people

* Melvin Olson, farmer, businessman, and legislator
# Kunnappillissery

Kunnappillissery is a place situated near Angamaly, Ernakulam district in the state of Kerala, India. It is 7 kilometres south from Angamaly and 12 km north from Cochin International Airport. The nearest railway station is Angamaly.
# Lower Angara

Lower Angara is a region of Russia. It is seen as a link between Northern Siberia and Southern Siberia. It corresponds to the lower regions of the Angara River
Lower Agnara is one of two rivers of Asiatic Russia, in the government of Irkutsk. it rises in the mountains to the east of Lake Baikal, and falls into the head of Lake Baikal after flowing nearly 300 miles. The current of the river is very strong, forming several rapids in its progress. The scenery on its banks is frequently extremely beautiful.
The area has notable rock art and is a major carbon sink although fires have weakened it.
# Melanopais gemmaria

Melanopais gemmaria is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Melanopais. It was described by White in 1856.
# Paraguay Davis Cup team

The Paraguay national tennis team represents Paraguay in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Asociación Paraguaya de Tenis.
Paraguay currently compete in Group II of the Americas Zone. They have played in the World Group on seven occasions, reaching the quarter-finals four times.

## History

Paraguay competed in its first Davis Cup in 1931. Their best result was reaching the World Group quarterfinals on four occasions, 1983–85 and 1987. Three of those ties went down to the deciding rubber.

### Last tie

Paraguay lost to Barbados, and Mexico in the 2017 Davis Cup Americas Zone Group II, and was relegated to the 2018 Davis Cup Americas Zone Group III.

### Next tie

Paraguay will play in the Group III of the Americas Zone in 2018.

## Current team (2022)

* Daniel Vallejo
* Juan Borba
* Martín Vergara
* Hernando Escurra
# Åmotsdal

Åmotsdal is a valley and small rural village in the municipality of Seljord in Telemark county, Norway. The villages is located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the northwest of the village of Seljord and about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the northwest of the village of Flatdal. It is the site of Åmotsdal Church (Åmotsdal kyrkje) which was built in 1792.
# IEEE 1584

IEEE Std 1584-2018 (Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations) is a standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers that provides a method of calculating the incident energy of arc flash event.

## Purpose

IEEE 1584-2018 is an update to IEEE 1584-2002 and was developed to help protect people from arc-flash hazard dangers. The predicted arc current and incident energy are used in selecting appropriate overcurrent protective devices and personal protective equipment (generally abbreviated as PPE), as well as defining safe working distance. Since the magnitude of the arc current is inherently linked with the degree of arc hazard, the arc is examined as a circuit parameter. Furthermore, since estimations are often useful, simple equations for predicting ballpark arc current, arc power, and incident energy values and probable ranges are presented in this work.

## Procedure

Arc Flash Hazard calculations are currently implemented in most of the industry plants due to OSHA regulations. The IEEE 1584 empirically derived model accurately accounts for a wide variety of setup parameters including:
* Voltages in the range of 208–15,000 V, three-phase.
* Frequencies of 50 Hz to 60 Hz.
* Bolted fault current in the range of 700–106,000 A.
* Grounded or ungrounded.
* Equipment enclosures of commonly available sizes with various conductor configurations, or open air.
* Gaps between conductors.
* Faults involving three phases.
For cases where voltage is over 15 kV or gap is outside the range of the model, the theoretically derived Lee method can be applied.
IEEE 1584.1 is a guide published in July 2022 for the specification of requirements for an Arc Flash Hazard Calculation study in accordance with the IEEE 1584 Standard.
# Vitaliy Kiselyov

Vitaliy Kiselyov (born 20 February 1983), is a Ukrainian futsal player who plays for Lokomotiv Kharkiv and the Ukraine national futsal team.
# Joe Habets

Joe Habets is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.
Habets made a solitary official international appearance for New Zealand in a 0–4 loss to New Caledonia on 8 November 1967.
# Confusarin

Confusarin is a phenanthrenoid found in the orchids Eria confusa and Bulbophyllum reptans. It can also be synthesized.
# Lower Andes tree frog

The Lower Andes tree frog (Boana melanopleura) is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.

## Sources

* ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Boana melanopleura". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55553A89204375. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T55553A89204375.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
* This Peru-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Trichophthalmus

Trichophthalmus is a genus of beetles which belong to the family Belidae.
# Clive Drummond

David Archibald Victor Clive Drummond (4 August 1890 – 8 October 1978) was a New Zealand telegraphist, signalman, radio announcer and personality. He was born in Mārahau, New Zealand, on 4 August 1890.
Drummond stood for Parliament in 1943 election, contesting the Wellington West electorate for the People's Movement where he placed third out of four candidates. In 1956 he was elected to the Wellington City Council, serving one term. He did not seek re-election in 1959.
# Yumnam Sanathoi Devi

Yumnam Sanathoi Devi is an Indian Wushu player, martial artist and athlete. She was awarded the Arjuna Award by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India in 2015 for Wushu. She won a bronze medal at the 2014 Incheon Asian Games. She also won a bronze medal in the 2014 World Cup held at Indonesia and a silver medal in World Championships in 2011 and 2013. She won the bronze medal in the 13th World Wushu Championships in November 2015. In 2016, Devi won a silver for India in 52 kg category at the 8th Sanda World Cup, held in Xi'an, China.
She hails from Yairipok Top Chingtha village in Thoubal district of Manipur, India. She took up traditional Chinese martial arts Wushu in 2003 under the guidance of Maibam Surbala Devi and later under Moirangthem Ibomcha Meitei.

## Awards

She was awarded by the Government of India, the prestigious Arjuna Award in 2015.
# Vitaliy Kolyesnikov

Vitaliy Volodymyrovych Kolyesnikov (born 8 December 1988) is a Ukrainian footballer who plays as a forward.

## Playing career

Kolesnikov played in the Ukrainian Second League in 2012 with Stal Kamianske. The following season he played with FC Myr Hornostayivka, and later with FC Inhulets Petrove. In 2016, he featured in the Ukrainian First League after Inhulets Petrove secured promotion, and he also saw action with FC Inhulets-2 Petrove. In 2017, he returned to FC Myr, and finished the season with FC Polissya Zhytomyr.
In 2018, he played abroad in the Canadian Soccer League with CSC Mississauga. During the winter season, he signed with Ukraine AC in the Arena Premier League. In 2021, he played in the Ontario Soccer League with Hungaria Vasas. He returned to the regional Canadian circuit in 2023, to sign with expansion side Dynamo Toronto.
# Blaze Foley's 113th Wet Dream

Blaze Foley's 113th Wet Dream is a tribute album to Blaze Foley by Americana musician Gurf Morlix. The album, which consists of Morlix's covers of 15 of Foley's songs, was self-released on March 28, 2011.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Country Standard Time | (favorable) |
| Creative Loafing | |
| No Depression | (favorable) |
| PopMatters | |
| Robert Christgau | (A−) |
| Sing Out! | (favorable) |
Creative Loafing's James Kelly gave the album 4 out of 5 stars and called it "a very fitting and long-overdue tribute." Robert Christgau gave it an A− and wrote that on the album, Morlix and his drummer "sink into a slough of despond that starts feeling right comfy before the record rises up with 'Small Town Hero,' in which the duct tape abuser gets the last word on the high school sports star."

## Track listing

* "Baby Can I Crawl Back to You"
* "Big Cheeseburgers and Good French Fries"
* "Clay Pigeons"
* "If I Could Only Fly"
* "No Goodwill Stores in Waikiki"
* "For Anything Less"
* "Oh Darlin'"
* "Picture Cards"
* "Down Here Where I Am"
* "Oooh Love"
* "Small Town Hero"
* "Rainbows and Ridges"
* "Blaze Foley's 113th Wet Dream"
* "In the Misty Garden / I Shoulda Been Home with You"
* "Cold Cold World"
# NIOBE

Niobe was a ground-based, cryogenic resonant bar gravitational-wave detector. The detector used a microwave parametric transducer readout to improve noise performance and detector bandwidth. The detector was run by David Blair at University of Western Australia in Perth. The detector ran in joint science runs from 1993-1998 with the gravitational-wave detectors Auriga, Allegro, Explorer and Nautillus.
# Mel Blount Youth Home

The Mel Blount Youth Home was a youth home for boys located in Buffalo Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. It is located on 246 acres of farmland near Claysville, Pennsylvania. Students attend nearby McGuffey School District. Blount hosts an annual All Star Celebrity Roast, featuring many of his former Pittsburgh Steelers teammates, as a fundraiser.
Blount experienced a difficult process in securing zoning approval from the Buffalo Township Supervisors. Opponents of Blount's plan claimed that the boys posed a threat to the community. The opposition centered on a "Concerned Citizens" group and the local chapter of the Ku Klux Klan. Incidents began with flyers being circulated, eventually growing to shots being fired into the home the day before Blount's 1989 induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. During his induction speech, he specifically cited the racist attitudes of some in the community and Buffalo Township Supervisors. Later, 2 men from Claysville were arrested in connection to the shooting. While the zoning application was pending, the Klan announced that they would be holding a "standard rally" in protest, including a "cross-lighting ceremony." A Township Supervisor said that the Klansmen did not represent the community, and that they had come from outside of the community. The announcement spurred local labor groups, NAACP, and State Representative Leo Trich to hold counter-protest. In the end, the youth home was completed in early 1990.
During the 1990s, questions arose about the use of corporal punishment at the youth home, leading to an investigation by Allegheny County, Pennsylvania officials.
After 2014, the home was no longer used for long-term residence. Currently it hosts weekend and day camp programs.
# Trichophoroides variolosum

Trichophoroides variolosum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fisher in 1947.
# Material inference

In logic, inference is the process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true. In checking a logical inference for formal and material validity, the meaning of only its logical vocabulary and of both its logical and extra-logical vocabulary is considered, respectively.

## Examples

For example, the inference "Socrates is a human, and each human must eventually die, therefore Socrates must eventually die" is a formally valid inference; it remains valid if the nonlogical vocabulary "Socrates", "is human", and "must eventually die" is arbitrarily, but consistently replaced.
In contrast, the inference "Montreal is north of New York, therefore New York is south of Montreal" is materially valid only; its validity relies on the extra-logical relations "is north of" and "is south of" being converse to each other.

## Material inferences vs. enthymemes

Classical formal logic considers the above "north/south" inference as an enthymeme, that is, as an incomplete inference; it can be made formally valid by supplementing the tacitly used conversity relationship explicitly: "Montreal is north of New York, and whenever a location x is north of a location y, then y is south of x; therefore New York is south of Montreal".
In contrast, the notion of a material inference has been developed by Wilfrid Sellars in order to emphasize his view that such supplements are not necessary to obtain a correct argument.

## Brandom on material inference
### Non-monotonic inference

Robert Brandom adopted Sellars' view, arguing that everyday (practical) reasoning is usually non-monotonic, i.e. additional premises can turn a practically valid inference into an invalid one, e.g.
* "If I rub this match along the striking surface, then it will ignite." (p→q)
* "If p, but the match is inside a strong electromagnetic field, then it will not ignite." (p∧r→¬q)
* "If p and r, but the match is in a Faraday cage, then it will ignite." (p∧r∧s→q)
* "If p and r and s, but there is no oxygen in the room, then the match will not ignite." (p∧r∧s∧t→¬q)
Therefore, practically valid inference is different from formally valid inference (which is monotonic - the above argument that Socrates must eventually die cannot be challenged by whatever additional information), and should better be modelled by materially valid inference. While a classical logician could add a ceteris paribus clause to 1. to make it usable in formally valid inferences:
* "If I rub this match along the striking surface, then, ceteris paribus, it will inflame."
However, Brandom doubts that the meaning of such a clause can be made explicit, and prefers to consider it as a hint to non-monotony rather than a miracle drug to establish monotony.
Moreover, the "match" example shows that a typical everyday inference can hardly be ever made formally complete. In a similar way, Lewis Carroll's dialogue "What the Tortoise Said to Achilles" demonstrates that the attempt to make every inference fully complete can lead to an infinite regression.
# John Cranston (priest)

The Ven. John Cranston, D.D. was Archdeacon of Clogher from 1718 until his death in November 1762.
Cranston was born in County Tyrone in 1687; and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He wasHe was Prebendary of Tyholland at St Macartan's Cathedral, Clogher from 1716 to 1718; and Rector of Tydavnet from 1720 to 1762.
# Dear My Blank

Dear My Blank is a well-known submission based Tumblr blog run by Ohio native Emily Trunko, who created the blog at the age of sixteen. The blog is composed of anonymous or semi-anonymous letters written to people and posted on the website in lieu of sending them to the intended reader. Trunko says that the idea to create the blog came from her own habit of writing letters to people in her life that she didn't intend to send, and that the blog has helped her realize that many of the problems people have, they have in common with others. The blog was created on March 22, 2015, and within the first week had already received 300 submissions. As of June 24, 2015, there were over 3,000 posted submissions. Trunko is also the creator of the Tumblr blog The Last Message received, and has also been written about in many publications including the New York Times, Buzzfeed, and Cosmopolitan magazine.
# Dresden-Kemnitz station

Dresden-Kemnitz station is a railway station in the Kemnitz district in the capital city of Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
# Dmitry Vasilyev

Dmitry Vasilyev may refer to:
* Dmitriy Vassiliev (born 1979), Russian ski jumper
* Dmitry Vasilyev (biathlete) (born 1962), Soviet biathlete and Olympic champion
* Dmitri Vasilyev (runner), Russian runner who participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics
* Dmitri Dmitriyevich Vasilyev (1945–2003), leader of the Russian nationalistic Pamyat movement
* Dmitri Vasilyev (director) (1900–1984), Soviet film director
* Dmitri Vasilyev (footballer, born 1977) (Dmitri Vladimirovich Vasilyev), Russian international footballer with FC Shinnik Yaroslavl and FC Rubin Kazan
* Dmitri Vasilyev (footballer, born 1985), Russian footballer with FC Shinnik Yaroslavl and FC Krylia Sovetov Samara
* Dmitri Vasilyev (footballer, born 2004), Russian footballer with FC Zenit Saint Petersburg
# Caleb West

Caleb West may refer to:
* Caleb Walton West (1844–1909), Governor of Utah Territory
* Caleb West (novel), an 1898 novel by Francis Hopkinson Smith
# Park Creek

Park Creek can refer to:
* Park Creek (Plateau Creek) in Colorado
* Park Creek (Little Neshaminy Creek) in Pennsylvania
* Park Creek (Bear Butte Creek) in South Dakota
* Park Creek (Baker River) in Washington
# Charles Aznavour (disambiguation)

Charles Aznavour (1924-2018) is a French and Armenian singer, songwriter, actor, public activist and diplomat
It may also refer to:

## Places

* Charles Aznavour Square, Yerevan, Armenia
* Charles Aznavour Square, Gyumri, Armenia
* Charles Aznavour Museum, museum in Yerevan, Armenia

## Music

* Charles Aznavour (Il faut savoir), 1961 album
* Charles Aznavour (Je m'voyais déjà), 1961 album
# Wildlife (Headlights album)

Wildlife is the third full-length studio album by the indie rock band Headlights. It was released by the Polyvinyl Record Co. on October 6, 2009.

## Track listing

* Telephones - 4:09
* Secrets - 3:24
* You and Eye - 3:42
* Get Going - 2:39
* Love Song for Buddy - 3:15
* I Don't Mind at All - 3:48
* Dead Ends - 3:49
* Wisconsin Beaches - 3:19
* We're All Animals - 5:06
* Teenage Wonder - 3:40
* Slow Down Town - 5:26
* All of Your Lies (Digital Bonus Track) - 4:02
* Skeleton Man (Digital Bonus Track) - 4:29
# IFT Research & Development Award

The IFT Research & Development Award has been awarded since 1997. It has been awarded by the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) to scientists who have made recent and significant research and development contributions to the understanding of food science, food technology, or nutrition.
Award winners receive a USD 3000 honorarium and a plaque from IFT.

## Winners

| Year | Winner(s) |
| 1997 | Sudhir K. Sastry |
| 1998 | Todd R. Klaenhammer |
| 1999 | Bruce A. Watkins |
| 2000 | John B. Luchansky |
| 2001 | Steven J. Schwartz |
| 2002 | Clair J. Hicks |
| 2003 | E. Allen Foegeding |
| 2004 | Richard W. Hartel |
| 2005 | Jose Miguel Aguilera |
| 2006 | Eric A. Decker |
| 2007 | D. Julian McClements |
| 2008 | Casimir C. Akoh |
| 2009 | Arun Bhunia |
| 2010 | Washington State University Microwave Sterilization Consortium - Juming Tang (Washington State University), C. Patrick Dunne (United States Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center), Kenny Lum (Seafood Products Association), Douglas Hahn (Hormel), and Evan Turek (Kraft Foods). Also included were The Ferrite Company, Rexam, Graphic Packaging, and Ocean Beauty Seafoods LLC |
# Petrotilapia tridentiger

Petrotilapia tridentiger is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi where it prefers shallow waters with rocky substrates. This species can reach a length 17 centimetres (6.7 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
# Compsoctena himachalensis

Compsoctena himachalensis is a moth in the Eriocottidae family. It was described by Pathania and Rose in 2004. It is found in India (Himachal Pradesh).

## Etymology

The species is named for Himachal Pradesh, where the species has been recorded.
# Jeotgalibacillus alkaliphilus

Jeotgalibacillus alkaliphilus is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Jeotgalibacillus which has been isolated from a solar salt pan.
# KLFI

KLFI may refer to:
* KLFI-LP, a low-power television station (channel 35) licensed to Texarkana, Arkansas, United States
* the ICAO code for Langley Air Force Base
# Botrychium matricariifolium

Botrychium matricariifolium (orth.var. B. matricariaefolium) is a species of fern in the Ophioglossaceae family. It is referred to by the common names chamomile grape-fern, daisyleaf grape-fern, and matricary grape-fern. It is native to Europe and parts of eastern North America, including eastern Canada and parts of the United States.
This fleshy fern grows up to 30 centimeters tall. It produces dull green sterile leaf blades up to 10 centimeters long by 9 wide divided into a few pairs of segments. The fertile leaves are a bit longer and bear the spores.

## Rarity

This species is very rare in most European countries. In Ukraine in total, there were recorded 17 loci: 10 before 1980, after 1980 – 7, as before and after 1980 – 0 location.