OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bulga (Ethiopia)

Bulga (Amharic: ቡልጋ) is a former historical region of Ethiopia in the central part of Shewa. It was bounded by the Germama river to the south, which formed the historical boundary between it and Minjar in the south. It presently encompasses the modern woredas of Hagere Mariamna Kesem, Asagirt, and Berehet.

## History

According to religious tradition and hagiographies, the area known as Bulga had historically been inhabited by Christians since Axumite times, where Christian Amhara families had migrated there from the north around the time of the decline of Axum. Amongst these was the family of the widely revered Saint Tekle Haymanot, who was born in the district of Zorare, in Silalish, an ancient name for Bulga in 1215 and where he first launched his first evangelisations.
While Silalish seems to have been the name for the southern part of Bulga, Sarmat is thought to have the ancient name of the northern and central parts. Around the time of Tekle Haymanot in the 13th century, the area according to his hagiography had been under the control of Damot and its ruler Motolemi. Soon however it became one firmly under the control of the Christian Kingdom and was appointed regional bishops by Abba Filipos, Echege of Debre Libanos becoming one of the earliest traditional Christian localities of central Ethiopia. The region of Fetegar, (modern Menjarna Shenkora) was bordered by it in the south, although according to Johann Ludwig Krapf, Bulga was considered a part of Fetegar by 1842
After the Islamic invasions led by Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi in the 16th century and the subsequent Oromo migrations that followed Bulga, like the rest of Shewa was invaded and conquered by the Oromos, who settled there as newcomers, forcing its inhabitants to live in gorges and becoming isolated from the rest of the Ethiopian Kingdom, which by then had relocated its base to the Lake Tana region in Gonder. It was not until Meridazmach Amha Iyasus had reconquered Bulga from the Kereyu Oromos in the mid 18th century that it incorporated with the rest of the historical Amhara regions of Shewa along with Merhabete, Angolala, Tegulet and others. By the 20th century, Emperor Haile Selassie had incorporated Bulga with the historical region of Tegulet to create the woreda known as Tegulet ena Bulga, and in 1993, the EPDRF divided it into the Hagere Mariamna Kesem, Asagirt, and Berehet woredas.

## Notable individuals

* St. Tekle Haymanot, monk and patron saint of Ethiopia
* Emperor Fasilidas, Emperor of Ethiopia from 1632 to 1667
* St. Kristos Samra, Ethiopian Orthodox saint
* Tesfa Gebreselassie (Ze-Biher Bulga), writer
* Tekle-Tsadik Mekuria, notable historian and author
* Aklilu Habte-Wold, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1974
# East Junggar coalfield

The East Junggar is a large coal field located in the north of China in Xinjiang. East Junggar represents one of the largest coal reserve in China having estimated reserves of 390 billion tonnes of coal.
* China portal
* Energy portal
# Chelse Swain

Chelse Elizabeth Ashley Swain (born May 25, 1983) is an American actress, best known for playing Bonnie Lisbon in the 1999 American film The Virgin Suicides. Her sister is the actress Dominique Swain.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1999 | The Virgin Suicides | Bonnie Lisbon | |
| 2001 | Tart | Heather Strum | |
| 2002 | The Mangler 2 | Jo Newton | Video |
| 2002 | Judging Amy | Anna | 2 episodes: "The Cook of the Money Pot" "Boston Terriers from France" |
| 2006 | Tom's Nu Heaven | Catholic School Girl | |
| 2006 | The Naked Ape | Susie | |
| 2007 | Georgia Rule | June Smith | |
| 2007 | Sands of Oblivion | Carrie | TV movie |
| 2008 | Unrequited | Nikki | Short film |
| 2008 | The Shield | Abigail | Episode: "Animal Control" |
| 2008 | Unrequited | Nikki | Short film |
| 2012 | Southern dysComfort | Michael's Daughter Mary Catherine | Short film |
# Depressaria irregularis

Depressaria irregularis is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in Japan and the Russian Far East.
# Choosey Beggar

"Choosey Beggar" was a 1965 song recorded by Motown R&B group the Miracles on its Tamla label subsidiary. It was issued as the B-side of the group's top-20 million-selling single, "Going to a Go-Go", and was taken from the group's Billboard Top 10 Pop album of the same name.
Written by Miracles members Smokey Robinson and Pete Moore and produced by Robinson, this song also became a national hit, reaching number 35 on the Billboard R&B chart. As the song's narrator, lead singer Smokey Robinson, using a play on the old axiom, "Beggars can't be choosers", portrays a man who simply refuses to accept just "any girl":
Beggars can't be choicey, I know...that's what the people say...But though my heart is begging for love ...I've turned some love away..." Only one girl is right for him... "I'm a choosey beggar...and you're my choice..."
Cash Box described it as a "a slow-shufflin' lament about a decidedly one-man woman."
"Choosey Beggar" has inspired cover versions by Debby Boone, and Jazz artist Chazz Dixon, and has been included in the Miracles' compilation album Greatest Hits - Vol. 2, along with several other Miracles "Greatest Hits" compilations.

## Personnel Credits
### Personnel – the Miracles

* Smokey Robinson – lead vocals, co-writer, producer
* Claudette Rogers Robinson – background vocals
* Pete Moore – background vocals, co-writer
* Ronnie White – background vocals
* Bobby Rogers – background vocals
* Marv Tarplin – guitar

### Other personnel

* Other instrumentation by The Funk Brothers and the Detroit Symphony Orchestra
# Der Proletarier (1919)

Der Proletarier ('The Proletarian') was a weekly newspaper published in Luxembourg between July 1919 and 1940. It the central organ of the Trade Union Commission of Luxembourg. It replaced the previous newspapers Die Volksstimme and Der Gewerkschaftler.
After the Second World War, Der Proletarier was replaced by Arbecht.
# Ivan Sutherland (ethnologist)

Ivan Lorin George Sutherland (10 May 1897 – 21 or 22 February 1952) was a New Zealand ethnologist and university professor.
Sutherland was born in 1897 in Masterton. His father was a sawmill hand; both parents were active in The Salvation Army. Sutherland attended Masterton District High School but left before qualifying for further study to work for a bank. He moved to Wellington aged 19 become a minister for the Methodist church. He graduated from Victoria University College in 1918 and enrolled for the army, but fell ill and was discharged. He returned to Victoria University College and studied under Thomas Hunter, obtaining a Master of Arts. He then attended the University of Glasgow, where he obtained a PhD in 1924.
He returned to Wellington after graduating in Glasgow and eventually, Hunter secured an assistant position at Victoria University College, which turned into a lecturer's position.
Sutherland's sister, Olive Rose Sutherland was a notable teacher.

## Literature

* I. L. G. Sutherland 1897–1952. In: The Journal of the Polynesian Society. Volume 61, No. 1+2, 1952, p. 120–129
* Oliver Sutherland: Paikea: The Life of I. L. G. Sutherland. Canterbury University Press, 2013 ISBN 978-1-927145-43-2
# Benét Laboratories

Benét Laboratories, part of the US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Armaments Center, is the US Army's primary design, development, engineering and production and field support facility for large caliber armament systems, including cannons, mortars, and recoilless rifles. The facility also works on tank gun mounts and turret components and munition handling systems.
It is located at the Watervliet Arsenal in upstate New York. It is a part of the Weapons & Software Engineering Center (WSEC), US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Armaments Center, which is located at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey. Laboratory simulations are performed studying gun firing phenomena, and using static and dynamic load testing (up to 5 million lb), as well as environmental testing.
The laboratories are named after the eighth chief of Army ordnance, Brigadier General Stephen Vincent Benét.

## Sources

* ↑ Technology Roadmap:
* ↑ Military & Aerospace Electronics - Augusta Systems works with U.S. Army Benet Laboratories to develop vehicle sensor systems
* ↑ "Benet Laboratories". FLC Business. Retrieved Aug 14, 2018.
# Llyn Padarn

Llyn Padarn is a glacially formed lake in Snowdonia, Gwynedd, north Wales, and is an example of a moraine dammed lake. The lake is approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) long (about 240 acres) and at its deepest point is 94 feet (29 m) deep, and is one of the largest natural lakes in Wales. At its south-eastern end it is linked to the neighbouring Llyn Peris (which forms the lower reservoir of the Dinorwig power station). The busy village of Llanberis lies on the southern banks of the lake.
Most of Llyn Padarn is owned by Gwynedd Council and is part of Padarn Country Park. Whilst kayaking, rowing and sailing are permitted on the lake, powered craft require permission to use it. Bangor University Rowing Club row at Llyn Padarn.
In April 2014 Llyn Padarn was designated as Bathing Water under the Bathing Water Directive (2006/7/EC).
The outflow of Llyn Padarn is on the northern shore and is called Afon Rhythallt, which passes by the village of Brynrefail, and becomes Afon Seiont below Pont Rhythallt, near Llanrug. It reaches the sea at Caernarfon.
Padarn Country Park is located on the northern flank of the lake, including Coed Allt Wen, a rare and ancient sessile oak woodland. Both the woodland and Llyn Padarn are designated as Sites of Special Scientific Interest.
The Llanberis Lake Railway also runs along its northeastern bank and various recreational activities take place on the lake, especially during the summer. These include canoeing, boating and fishing. The lake was the venue for the rowing events of the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games.
A lone birch tree grows just off the south western shore, a short walk from the Llanberis Water Sports Centre carpark. The tree, about 18' high in 2020, has become a celebrity and well-known to walkers and photographers under the name "The Lonely Tree" (or sometimes just "The Lone Tree").
Former local bus company Padarn Bus, which operated between 1979 and 2014 from a base at nearby Llanberis, was named after the lake.
Llyn Padarn is named after Padarn, an early 6th century saint, who has a church dedicated to him in Llanberis.

## 1993 RAF Helicopter Crash

In 1993, an RAF Westland Wessex helicopter suffered a rotor failure, and crashed into the lake, killing three Air Training Corps Cadets, Christopher Bailey (15) from Horwich, Mark Oakden (16) and Amanda Whitehead (17) from Bury, and injuring one.
# Deathless

Deathless may refer to:
* Immortal, having eternal life
* Deathless (Throwdown album), 2009
* Deathless (Revocation album), 2014
* Deathless (Miss May I album), 2015
* Deathless (novel), a fantasy novel by Catherynne M. Valente
# Brian Ring

Brian Ring is a 20th-century British architect.
Ring was trained in architecture in London (England) and Paris (France). He founded his practice (Brian Ring, Howard & Partners) in London in 1958. The practice was engaged in general commercial and residential projects throughout the United Kingdom as well as acting for the French Ministry of Education and the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs on projects in the UK. In 1969, Ring formed a development consultancy specializing in the planning and development management of hotels, hospitals, and schools, often in collaboration with the international engineering consultants, CONSECO International, of which he was a joint founder.
Among major projects in which Ring has been involved were the planning of a university hospital in Jordan, the planning of a burns and trauma unit in Kuwait, a comprehensive audit of the total healthcare facilities in Mauritius, and the planning and development management of a number of hotels in Spain. Before retiring from active practice in 2000, Ring was engaged in a number of commercial real estate ventures in France.
The Maison Française d'Oxford is a French research institute based at 2–10 Norham Road in Oxford, designed by Jacques Laurent with Brian Ring, Howard & Partners during the early 1960s.
# James Michael Lisy

James Michael Lisy is an American physicist.
He gained his B.S. degree from Iowa State University in 1974 and his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1979.
He joined the faculty at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1981, where he devoted his career to the spectroscopic analysis of intermolecular interactions in neutral and charged molecular clusters. In 2011, after spending nine months at Ruhr University Bochum, he joined the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Virginia as a program officer, a position he held for the next five years. Since then he has participated in the Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative, which fosters interdisciplinary exchange between the world’s top researchers.
He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after being nominated by their Division of Chemical Physics in 2001, for "his contributions to the field of ion cluster spectroscopy, establishing the connection between gas-phase species with aqueous solutions and biochemical systems, and demonstrating the contribution of internal energy in structural isomerization and dynamics."
# Záříčí

Záříčí is a municipality and village in Kroměříž District in the Zlín Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.
Záříčí lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north of Kroměříž, 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Zlín, and 225 km (140 mi) east of Prague.
# Barfold Gorge

Barfold Gorge is a four-kilometre long gorge on the Campaspe River at Barfold in Victoria in Australia. It is up to 80 metres deep and has two waterfalls, basalt columns and a lava cave. It was created by a sequence of four or more lava flows which commenced six million years ago. The gorge is on private property, a 246 hectare sheep and cattle farm and is rarely open to the public. However, a conservation covenant has been incorporated in the land title.
There are 95 bird species recorded for the gorge environs including peregrine falcons. Other flora and fauna include platypus, rare fish and the hairy anchor plant (Discaria pubescens), a rare and endangered plant species.
# Benno Pludra

Benno Pludra (1 October 1925 – 27 August 2014) was a German children's author. He was born in Mückenberg, now Lauchhammer-West.
Pludra wrote narratives and novels for children and teenagers. More than five million copies of his books have been sold, which made him one of the most successful authors of East Germany. Some of his books were made into feature films. Pludra died in Potsdam in 2014, aged 88.

## Works

* Ein Mädchen, fünf Jungen und sechs Traktoren, Berlin 1951
* Die Jungen von Zelt dreizehn, Berlin 1952
* Gustel, Tapp und die andern, Berlin 1953
* In Wiepershagen krähn die Hähne, Berlin 1953
* Vor großer Fahrt, Berlin 1955
* Wenn die Heringe ziehn ..., Berlin 1955
* Haik und Paul, Berlin 1956
* Sheriff Teddy, Berlin 1956
* Jakob sucht Liebe, Berlin 1958
* Bootsmann auf der Scholle, Berlin 1959, ISBN 978-3-40777-106-3
* Popp muß sich entscheiden, Berlin 1959
* Heiner und seine Hähnchen, Berlin 1962 (with Ingeborg Meyer-Rey)
* Unser Schiff kommt von Kukkeia, Berlin 1962 (with Kurt Klamann)
* Lütt Matten und die weiße Muschel [de], Berlin 1963, ISBN 978-3-40777-115-5
* Die Reise nach Sundevit, Berlin 1965, ISBN 978-3-40777-111-7
* Vom Bären, der nicht mehr schlafen konnte, Berlin 1967 (with Ingeborg Meyer-Rey)
* Tambari, Berlin 1969
* Wie ich nach Swanetien reisen wollte, Berlin 1974
* Die Jungen von Zelt 13 und andere Erzählungen, Berlin 1975
* Sundus und der hafergelbe Hund, Berlin 1975
* Trauermantel und Birke, Berlin 1978
* Es waren einmal ein Paar Schuh, Berlin 1979 (with Renate Totzke-Israel)
* Drinnen schläft die Zaubermaus, Berlin 1980 (with Renate Totzke-Israel)
* Es war ein Ei, Berlin 1980 (with Linde Detlefsen)
* Insel der Schwäne [de], Berlin 1980, ISBN 978-3-35803-055-4
* Manchmal sind wir schon ganz groß, Berlin 1980 (with Erdmut Oelschlaeger)
* Ein Mädchen fand einen Stein. Die Schwäne auf dem Wasser. Es waren einmal ein Paar Schuh, Berlin 1981 (with Martin Schoppe)
* Wie die Windmühle zu den Wolken flog, Berlin 1981 (with Siegfried Linke)
* Es war eine Biene, Berlin 1983 (with Manfred Bofinger)
* Verkehrte Welt, Berlin 1984 (with Gisela Neumann)
* Das Herz des Piraten, Berlin 1985
* Windmühle, Windmühle, nimm uns mit, Berlin 1987 (with Renate Totzke-Israel)
* Der Waldkauz Hadubrand, Berlin 1988 (with Jutta Mirtschin)
* Das Fräulein Weißmann saß im Garten, Berlin 1989 (with Regine Röder)
* Zum Fluß hinunter, wo die Schiffe ziehn, Berlin 1990
* Aloa-hé, Hamburg 1991
* Siebenstorch, Berlin 1991
* Schreiben für Kinder: Ganz hinten sollte Hoffnung sein, Frankfurt/M. 1993
* Fünf in der Tonne, Berlin 1994
* Leinen los für Wunderfloh, Berlin 1994
* Die Märchen, Berlin 1994
* Der Hund des Kapitäns, Berlin 1999
* Jakob heimatlos, Berlin 1999

## Film adaptions

* 1957: Sheriff Teddy – directed by: Heiner Carow
* 1964: Lütt Matten und die weiße Muschel [de] – directed by: Herrmann Zschoche
* 1966: Die Reise nach Sundevit – directed by: Heiner Carow
* 1977: Tambari – directed by: Ulrich Weiß
* 1983: Insel der Schwäne [de] – directed by: Herrmann Zschoche
* 1988: Das Herz des Piraten – directed by: Jürgen Brauer
# Joseph Beale

Joseph Beale may refer to:

## People

* Joseph Boggs Beale (1841–1926), American artist
* Joseph Grant Beale (1839–1915), American law professor
* Joseph Henry Beale (1861–1943), member of U.S. House of Representatives

## Places

* Joseph Beale House, Washington, D.C.
# Jan Štefan

Jan Štefan (born 2 September 1943) is a Czech rower who represented Czechoslovakia. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo with the men's coxed four where they were eliminated in the round one repêchage.
# Deopteryx

Deopteryx is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1914, and contains the species Deopteryx hypenetes. It is found in Panama.
# Deathless Sermon

The Deathless Sermon was a sermon given as a plea for missionary work during the rise of Hyper-Calvinism in England. It was preached by Particular Baptist Minister, William Carey on 30 May, 1792 at the Friar Lane Baptist Chapel in Nottingham as an effort to arouse his pastoral contemporaries to intentional evangelistic action.
The message is rooted in the text of Isaiah 54:2-3:
    Enlarge the place of thy tent, and let them stretch forth the curtains of thine habitations: spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes. For thou shalt break forth on the right hand and on the left; and thy seed shall inherit the Gentiles, and make the desolate cities to be inhabited.
No extant copies of the sermon remain; however church historians almost unanimously recognize its form as having only two points:
* expect great things from God, and
* attempt great things for God.
Although initially his audience was unmoved, ultimately the sermon was remarkably successful. His oration served as the initial catalyst for the founding in 1792 of the "Particular Baptist Society for Propagating the Gospel to the Heathen" (later renamed to the Baptist Missionary Society), which would commission Carey as one of their first missionaries. Carey's activity in India is renowned and placed him firmly in history as the "father of modern missions".
# Arapaima mapae

Arapaima mapae is a species of freshwater fish endemic to Brazil, where it is known only from Lago do Amapá in Amapá State.
It is a member of the arapaimas, a genus of air-breathing fish that contains some of the world's largest freshwater fish. It is known only from a single holotype collected in 1837, which was purchased by a French army officer from an indigenous trader in French Guiana, and later described as a new species by Achille Valenciennes. A 2013 review of wild-caught Arapaima specimens worldwide found sufficient morphological evidence to classify it as a distinct species.
There have been no efforts to rediscover the species and assess the status of the population; for this reason, it is classified as data deficient on the IUCN Red List. However, potential threats to this species include overfishing, habitat degradation, and the introduction of alien arapaima species.
# James M. Feigley

James M. Feigley is a retired brigadier general in the United States Marine Corps.

## Career

Feigley joined the Marine Corps in 1972. Assignments he was given include serving as Project Manager for Headquarters Marine Corps and the Naval Sea Systems Command and Commander of the Marine Corps Systems Command. He retired in 2002.

## Education

* B.S. - University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh

## Awards and decorations

During his military career he was awarded the following, among others: Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, Meritorious Service Medal with gold star, Navy Commendation medaland, Navy Achievement Medal with gold star.
# CFAX

CFAX (1070 AM) is a news/talk radio station in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. It was independently run until September 30, 2004, when it was taken over by Canadian media company CHUM Limited. Its sister station is CHBE-FM, which began broadcasting in 2000. It is now owned by Bell Media through its Bell Media Radio division.
The station moved into the same building as CIVI-TV, also owned by Bell Media, in March 2008. It is located at the corner of Pandora Avenue and Broad Street across from Victoria City Hall. CFAX's transmitter is located on the Trial Islands.
The station placed 3rd in the fall 2018 Numeris Diary Survey for Victoria.

## History

CFAX signed on on September 11, 1959, as a daytime-only 1,000-watt radio station on 810 kHz, shutting down every night to accommodate clear-channel KGO. Its transmitter was at a site near Swan Lake. The original owner's group included the Queale family, who also owned the local Queale Electronics store. The station, undercapitalized from the beginning, quickly ran into financial trouble, with Clare Copeland emerging as owner and manager. In 1964, the station changed dial position to 1070, and commenced 24/7 operation, transmitting from the Trial Islands. In 1967, power was increased to 10,000 watts.
Clare Copeland sold the station in 1975 to Mel Cooper, who stepped down as General Manager of CKNW Vancouver to assume ownership of CFAX.
Under Cooper's direction, the station increased its emphasis on news and information programming, and developed a subsidiary company specializing in recording original commercial jingles for sale throughout North America, and syndicating radio programming, "Seacoast Sound."
On June 22, 2007, CTVglobemedia became the owner of CFAX and sister stations CHBE-FM and CIVI-TV through its purchase of CHUM Limited, which had been approved by the CRTC on June 8.