OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Azd Shanua

The Azd Shanū’ah (Arabic: أزد شنوءة) also spelled as Shanuwah, are a group of South Arabian tribes in the Hijaz that were descended from the larger Azd group. The Banu Lahab, Banu Zahran and Banu Ghamd, including their branches, are among the few parts of the Azd Shanu'ah. Formerly residing in Yemen, they emigrated from it in masses during the 2nd century CE.

## Tribal lineage

The traditional genealogy of the Azd Shanu'ah is that they are descended from a man named 'Abd Allah al-Harith, whose full lineage is given as; 'Abd Allah al-Harith, son of Ka'b, son of 'Abd Allah, son of Malik, son of Nasr, son of al-Azd. This traces the ancestry of 'Abd Allah al-Harith back to al-Azd, the progenitor of the Azd tribe, and also makes him a Qahtanite Arab due to the Azd being descended from Qahtan.

### Branches

The most prominent branches of the Azd Shanu'ah include the Banu Lahab, Banu Ghamid, and the Banu Zahran.

## Characteristics
### Etymology

According to Ibn Duraid, the word Shanu'ah in their name originated from the term "shan'ah" which was expressed as a form of resentment; the Azd Shanu'ah reportedly received their name because their progenitor had enmity with his contemporary tribal chiefs. Shihab al-Din al-Khafaji gave a more positive view, saying that the Shanu'ah was a term referring to the righteous, pious and noble people of high lineage.
According to Ibn Qutaybah, the Azd Shanu'ah can also be known by the alternative spelling, Shanuwah.

### Appearance

The early Arabians characterized the Azd Shanu'ah as having light, thin bodies that were agile, with dark skin. In some Hadith, it was reported that Muhammad compared the Azd Shanu'ah to the biblical Moses, noting their similarities in appearance and height.

### Personality

The Azd Shanu'ah were known amongst the early Arabians to be very eloquent poets and writers. They also preferred living in mountainous and rural areas in the Arabian Peninsula.

## History

The Azd Shanu'ah originated in ancient Yemen and were contemporary to the Sabaeans. After the collapse of the Ma'rib Dam, the Azd Shanu'ah emigrated from Yemen under the leadership of Muzayqiya, as their homeland had not become suitable for them to live in anymore. They migrated to the Sarawat Mountains where they stayed. Yaqut al-Hamawi narrates that the Azd Shanu'ah had conflict with some Amalekites who inhabited the mountainous region temporarily. The migration to the Hijaz has been dated to the 2nd or 3rd centuries CE, based on contemporary inscriptions.
In the 7th century, the Azd Shanu'ah converted to Islam from polytheism; a good portion of them were part of the Sahaba, companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. After 630 CE, all of the tribes in the Hijaz began to profess Islam, most likely including the remainder of the Azd Shanu'ah. In later years, members of the Azd Shanu'ah became governors of provinces under the Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates respectively.
In modern times, descendants of this ancient tribe exist and live in the towns and rural villages of the Al Bahah Region.
# Ayçukuru, Pazaryolu

Ayçukuru is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Pazaryolu, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 13 (2022).
# List of captain-majors of Portuguese Ceylon

The Portuguese arrived in the Kingdom of Kotte in 1505. By 1551, they had appointed a captain-major to control the Portuguese occupied territory called Ceylon on the island of modern-day Sri Lanka. In that time, there were numerous captains-major until 1594. The post of captain-major was preceded by that of the captain in 1518. In 1594, the captain-major was replaced with a governor.

## List of captain-majors

| Name | Birth | Death | Captain-major from | Captain-major until | Sovereign |
| João Henriques | - | - | 1551 | 1552 | John III |
| Diogo de Melo Coutinho (1st time) | - | - | 1552 | 1552 | John III |
| Duarte de Eça | 1480 | 15?? | 1552 | 1553 | John III |
| Fernão Carvalho | - | - | 1553 | 1555 | John III |
| Afonso Pereira de Lacerda | - | - | 1555 | 1559 | John III Sebastian |
| Jorge de Meneses Baroche | - | - | 1559 | 1560 | Sebastian |
| Baltasar Guedes de Sousa | - | - | 1560 | 1564 | Sebastian |
| Pedro de Ataíde Inferno | - | - | 1564 | 1565 | Sebastian |
| Diogo de Melo | - | - | 1565 | 1568 | Sebastian |
| Fernando de Monroy | - | - | 1568 | 1570 | Sebastian |
| Diogo de Melo Coutinho (2nd time) | - | - | 1570 | 1572 | Sebastian |
| António de Noronha | - | - | 1572 | 1575 | Sebastian |
| Fernando de Albuquerque | - | - | 1575 | 1578 | Sebastian |
| Manuel de Sousa Coutinho | 1540 | 1591 | 1578 | 1583 | Sebastian Henry Filipe I |
| João de Correia de Brito | - | - | 1583 | 1590 | Filipe I |
| Simão de Brito | - | - | 1590 | 1591 | Filipe I |
| Pedro Homem Pereira | - | - | 1591 | 1594 | Filipe I |
# List of captains of Portuguese Ceylon

The Portuguese arrived in the Kingdom of Kotte in 1505. By 1518, they had appointed a captain to control the Portuguese-occupied territory called Ceylon on the island of modern-day Sri Lanka. In that time, there were numerous captains until 1551. The post of captain was succeeded by that of the captain-majors in 1551 and by the governor in 1594.

## List of captains

| Name | Birth | Death | Captain from | Captain until | Sovereign |
| João da Silveira | - | - | 1518 | 1518 | Manuel I |
| Lopo de Brito | - | - | 1518 | 1522 | Manuel I John III |
| Fernão Gomes de Lemos | - | - | 1522 | 1524 | John III |
| Vacant | - | - | 1524 | 1551 | John III |
# Azerbaijani National Road Race Championships

The Azerbaijani National Road Race Championships is a cycling race where the Azerbaijani cyclists contest who will become the champion for the year to come.

## Men
### Elite

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2012 | Oleksandr Surutkovych | Elchin Asadov | Tural Isgandarov |
| 2013 | Samir Jabrayilov | Tural Isgandarov | Elchin Asadov |
| 2014 | Elchin Asadov | Tural Isgandarov | Samir Jabrayilov |
| 2015 | Maksym Averin | Elchin Asadov | Samir Jabrayilov |
| 2016 | Maksym Averin | Samir Jabrayilov | Elchin Asadov |
| 2017 | Elgun Alizada | Musa Mikayilzade | Elchin Asadov |
| 2018 | Kirill Pozdnyakov | Samir Jabrayilov | Elchin Asadov |
| 2019 | Elchin Asadov | Samir Jabrayilov | Musa Mikayilzade |
| 2021 | Musa Mikayilzade | Samir Jabrayilov | Shahin Eyvazov |
| 2022 | Elchin Asadov | Musa Mikayilzade | Mahmud Mammadov |
| 2023 | Ali Gurbanov | Musa Mikayilzade | Samir Jabrayilov |
| 2024 | Musa Mikayilzade | Mahmud Nevzat | Yusif Ismayilov |

### U23

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2015 | Samir Jabrayilov | Elgün Alizada | Enver Asanov |
| 2016 | Samir Jabrayilov | Ismail Iliasov | Elgün Alizada |

## Women

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2012 | Elena Tchalykh | Elnara Musayeva | Shabnam Maharramova |
| 2015 | Olena Pavlukhina | Ulfet Nazarli | Sevil Azizova |
| 2016 | Olena Pavlukhina | Ulfet Nazarli | Sevil Azizova |
| 2017 | Olena Pavlukhina | Ulfet Nazarli | Rinata Abdullayeva |
| 2018 | Olena Pavlukhina | Rinata Abdullayeva | Ulfet Nazarli |
| 2021 | Ayan Khankishiyeva | Natavan Valiyeva | Maleyka Isgandarova |
| 2022 | Victoriya Sidorenko | Lala Abdurahmanova | Zahra Afganzade |
# Val Britton

Val Britton (born 1977 in Livingston, New Jersey) is an American artist, best known for her works on paper and installations. She creates abstract collage works using paper and other mixed media that reference the language of maps, network diagrams and astronomical photography. She lived in the San Francisco Bay Area for 14 years, and as of 2018, she lives in Seattle, Washington.

## Biography

Val Britton was born in 1977 in Livingston, New Jersey, her father was a long haul truck driver. She has said in interviews, when she was young her father died and that has influenced the visual language of her work.
She received her B.F.A. in Printmaking in 1999 from Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) in Providence, Rhode Island. After RISD she moved to Brooklyn, and in 2004 she moved to San Francisco to attend graduate school. Britton received her M.F.A. from California College of the Arts (CCA) in 2006.
In 2010, Britton served at the Artist in Residence Program at Recology San Francisco and produced an exhibition called Index to Selected Stars. Index to Selected Stars featured collage work made with various types of tape, inks and various types of found paper.
In 2014, Gallery Wendi Norris in San Francisco presented Val Britton's first San Francisco gallery solo show entitled Passage.

## Exhibitions

This is a list of select exhibitions by Val Britton, in order by descending year.

### Group shows

* 2010 – Index to Selected Stars, Recology San Francisco Artist-in-Residence Program, San Francisco
* 2012 – CES Contemporary, Laguna Beach
* 2012 – Here Be Dragons: Mapping Information and Imagination, Intersection for the Arts, San Francisco
* 2013 – Intimate Immensity, San Jose Institute of Contemporary Art (ICA), San Jose
* 2015 – Frontyard / Backyard, Palo Alto Art Center, Palo Alto
* 2015–2016 – Work In Progress: Investigations South of Market at Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, San Francisco
* 2016 – Djerassi: A Legacy exhibition, Ascent Private Capital Management, San Francisco

### Solo shows

* 2012–2013 – The Continental Interior (Solo Show), San Francisco Arts Commission Gallery, San Francisco
* 2013 – Terra incognita (Solo Show), CES Contemporary, Laguna Beach
* 2013 – Cosmology (Solo Show), Foley Gallery, New York
* 2014 – Passage (Solo Show), Gallery Wendi Norris, San Francisco
* 2016 – Transmissions (Solo Show), Gallery Wendi Norris, San Francisco

## Permanent collections

* Voyage, located in connecting corridor departures level between domestic Terminals 1 and 2 (in between Virgin and Delta Airlines), San Francisco International Airport
* Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts at Legion of Honor (museum)
* New York Public Library
* New-York Historical Society
* Library of Congress
* Alameda County Art Collection
* San Jose Museum of Art

## Awards

* 2015 – Fleishhacker Foundation, Eureka Fellowship Awardee
* 2010 – Pollock-Krasner Foundation Grant

## Publications

* Val Britton / Reverberations (Gallery Wendi Norris, San Francisco), 2016.
* Harmon, Katharine. The Map As Art: Contemporary Artists Explore Cartography (Princeton Architectural Press, New York), 2009.
# Aïn Fekan District

Aïn Fekan District is a district of Mascara Province, Algeria.

## Municipalities

The district is further divided into 2 municipalities:
* Aïn Fekan
* Aïn Fras
35°13′30″N 0°00′06″W﻿ / ﻿35.2249°N 0.0016°W﻿ / 35.2249; -0.0016
* This article about a location in Mascara Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Athletics at the 2006 Commonwealth Games – Men's 3000 metres steeplechase

The men's 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2006 Commonwealth Games was held on March 24.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Ezekiel Kemboi | Kenya | 8:18.17 | |
| | Wesley Kiprotich | Kenya | 8:19.38 | |
| | Reuben Kosgei | Kenya | 8:19.82 | |
| 4 | Martin Dent | Australia | 8:28.98 | PB |
| 5 | Stuart Stokes | England | 8:29.94 | SB |
| 6 | Peter Nowill | Australia | 8:30.59 | |
| 7 | Ruben Ramolefi | South Africa | 8:35.91 | |
| 8 | Matthew Kerr | Canada | 8:38.97 | |
| 9 | Adam Bowden | England | 8:43.08 | |
| 10 | Ali Mkhabela | South Africa | 8:56.67 | |
| 11 | Youcef Abdi | Australia | 9:02.22 | |
| 12 | Luke Gunn | England | 9:08.02 | |
| 13 | Sapolai Yao | Papua New Guinea | 9:40.79 | |
| | Kevin Sheppard | Scotland | DNF | |
# Pipina Bonasera

Pipina Bonasera (Sicily, 1838–1927) was a Greek stage actress. She belonged to the pioneer generation of modern Greek theater and was one of the first professional Greek actresses as well as one of the first female theater stars of her country. She was also the first female Greek theater director.

## Life

Pipina Bonasera is noted to have been active as an actress on the Boukoura Theatre in Athens in 1862, when she performed the main role in Lucrezia Borgia by Victor Hugo. She was reportedly a member of the first professional Greek theater company. The company was dissolved later the same year, after which the Greek actors formed a new company and acted in Istanbul and the Greek cities in the Eastern Mediterranean until they returned to Greece in 1865.
For the next twenty years after 1862, she was a star of the Greek theater, known especially for her roles in the works of Demetrius Vernardaki. She composed her own theater company in collaboration with Dimosthenis Alexiadis, thereby becoming the first female theater director in Greece, and toured the Eastern Mediterranean. It was not until after the liberation of Ottoman rule that the theater in Greece could establish itself; the first (temporary) theater was not erected in Athens before 1836, and the first actresses did not appear until 1840. As the Greek upper classes preferred visiting Italian and French theater companies, however, the Greek theater had difficulty to establish outside of travelling companies in the 19th century.
Pipina Bonasera was also active as a translator of Italian plays to Greek.
# Pisa Moorings

Pisa Moorings is a small town in the Central Otago District of Otago region of New Zealand's South Island. It is located between Lake Dunstan on its east and State Highway 6 on its west. Cromwell is 9 km southwest and Wānaka is 45 km north by road.
The residential housing at Pisa Moorings is being expanded as of 2019.

## Demographics

Pisa Moorings is described as a rural settlement by Statistics New Zealand. It covers 1.35 km$^2$ (0.52 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 920 as of June 2023, with a population density of 681 people per km$^2$. It is part of the larger Lindis-Nevis Valleys statistical area.
Pisa Moorings had a population of 570 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 225 people (65.2%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 408 people (251.9%) since the 2006 census. There were 216 households, comprising 282 males and 288 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.98 males per female, with 120 people (21.1%) aged under 15 years, 75 (13.2%) aged 15 to 29, 294 (51.6%) aged 30 to 64, and 78 (13.7%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 95.8% European/Pākehā, 5.3% Māori, 2.6% Pasifika, 1.1% Asian, and 3.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 62.1% had no religion, 28.9% were Christian, 0.5% were Hindu, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.1% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 102 (22.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 57 (12.7%) people had no formal qualifications. 108 people (24.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 282 (62.7%) people were employed full-time, 63 (14.0%) were part-time, and 9 (2.0%) were unemployed.
# Pincho Man

Pincho Man is a Miami-based late-night food truck specializing in Pinchitos, and one of the original trucks in Miami to be associated with the gourmet food truck trend.

## Recognition

Travel + Leisure magazine identified Pincho Man as one of Miami's top five food trucks, commenting, "Hailed as one of the city’s first food trucks, fans don’t mind waiting in lengthy lines for the elusive Miami legend’s skewered steak or chicken pinchos."
In 2013, Thrillist named the Pincho Deluxe one of five selections for Miami's Best Sandwiches, and commented, "Oh, you like food trucks? Well, this dude’s been serving food out of his unmarked white truck from undisclosed locations since Dade County had one area code." In 2015, the Miami edition of Eater listed Pincho Man at No. 15 of "South Florida's 16 Most Iconic Burgers." Pincho Man is included at No. 15 in the book, 100 Things To Do In Miami Before You Die.

## Menu

Signature items on the limited menu include the Pincho Deluxe, Off da Chain Burger, and Sammy Dog, all served with a "secret pincho sauce."
# Gun laws in Lithuania

Lithuanian law allows firearm possession on a shall-issue basis. With approximately 13.6 civilian firearms per 100 people, Lithuania is 58th most armed country in the world.

## History

When Lithuania was part of the Soviet Union, firearm possession was tightly controlled and most citizens were not allowed to keep firearms. In 1990, Mikhail Gorbachev ordered confiscation of all weapons in Lithuania.
In 1993 Lithuania allowed possession of firearms for purposes of self-defense on a may-issue basis – the applicant needed to demonstrate a danger to one's life. In 1997 this requirement was abolished, making the process shall-issue. In 2002 Lithuania passed new firearm law which is still in force today with some amendments. Since then number of legal firearms began to rise, doubling from 61,544 in 2002 to 127,984 in 2017.

## Current law

Lithuanian law allows firearm possession for the following purposes:
* Hunting;
* Sport shooting;
* Self-defense;
* Professional activities;
* Collection;
* Training;
* Scientific research;
* Other (at discretion of police).
The minimum age to own firearms is 23 for self-defense handguns, 21 for semi-automatic rifles, 18 years for semi-automatic shotguns and smooth-bore self-defense weapons and 16 years for sporting firearms. Every permanent resident of Lithuania of minimum age who passes the examination has the right to possess firearms for self-defense purposes. Article 12(5) forbids police from refusing granting license without valid reason. Any such refusal may be appealed in court.
Carrying firearms is allowed with a permit to carry. Police also must have good reason to refuse such permit as per Article 40.6. There should be no round in the chamber while carrying, except revolvers, which should not be cocked with the exception of direct threat to the person’s health or life.
Explosive missiles, mortars and flame throwers are prohibited.

## Firearm possession

As of 2019 there are 173,680 (or 6 per 100 people) registered firearms in Lithuania owned by 94,352 people including 37,473 rifles, 47,796 smoothbore long guns, 34,016 gas handguns, 30,165 pistols, 19,684 revolvers and 4,564 other kinds of firearms.

## Gun crime

Between 1995 and 2018 number of homicides using firearms has fallen by more than 98% from 252 to four, while overall number of homicides has fallen by 85% from 505 to 72.
# Atlanta's Burning Down

Atlanta's Burning Down is the third studio album by Dickey Betts of the Allman Brothers Band. It was recorded with his band Great Southern in late 1977, and released in early 1978. The standout tracks are "Good Time Feeling" and "Atlanta's Burning Down". The title track is a sentimental narrative about a soldier's wife being in Atlanta during the burning of the city, while he was fighting in Virginia. The guest musicians are Bonnie Bramlett, Clydie King and Sherlie Matthews on background vocals.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Record Guide | |
The Globe and Mail wrote that "it's Betts' singing that makes this one so worthwhile, along with the expected loads of good instrumental work from the band."
On AllMusic, Thom Jurek wrote, "On his third solo outing – and his second with his backing band Great Southern – Allman Brothers lead guitarist Dickey Betts moves back into the deep-fried Southern boogie that the Brothers are (in)famous for and serves it up with just a smidgen of country and comes out with another winner.... Loud, tough, and funky, Atlanta's Burning Down is a winner."

## Track listing

* "Good Time Feeling" (Dickey Betts) - 4:31
* "Atlanta's Burning Down" (Billy Ray Reynolds) - 4:33
* "Leavin' Me Again" (Betts, Dan Toler) - 4:17
* "Back on the Road Again" (Betts) - 4:13
* "Dealin' with The Devil" (Betts, Toler, Reynolds) - 3:46
* "Shady Streets" (Betts, Toler, Reynolds) - 4:30
* "You Can Have Her (I Don't Want Her)" (Willie Cook) - 3:53
* "Mr. Blues Man" (Betts, Curtis Buck) - 4:12

## Personnel

Great Southern
* Dickey Betts - guitar, lead vocals
* "Dangerous Dan" Toler - guitar
* Michael Workman - keyboards, background vocals
* David Goldflies - bass
* David Toler - drums, percussion
* Donnie Sharbono - drums, percussion, background vocals
Additional musicians
* Topper Price - harmonica
* Reese Wynans - keyboards in "Atlanta's Burning Down"
* Bonnie Bramlett - background vocals
* Clydie King - background vocals
* Sherlie Matthews - background vocals
* Steve Wittmack - string arrangements
Production
* Produced by Jack Richardson, Dickey Betts
* Recording Engineer: Fred Torchio
* Mastering: George Marino
* Art Direction: David Richman
* Photography: Shayne Fair
# Pirulintia angelinae

Pirulintia angelinae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Pirulintia. It was described by Simonetta and Teocchi in 1995.
# Guiyang school

The Guiyang school (Chinese: 潙仰宗; pinyin: Guīyǎng Zōng, also read Weiyang School) is one of the schools of Chan Buddhism.

## History

The Guiyang school was the first established house of the Five Houses of Chán. Guiyang is named after master Guishan Lingyou (771–854) and his disciple, Yangshan Huiji (813–890).
Guishan was a disciple of Baizhang Huaihai, the Chan master whose disciples included Huangbo Xiyun, who in turn taught Linji Yixuan, founder of the Linji school. After founding the Guiyang School, Yangshan moved his school to what is now modern Jiangxi.
The Guiyang school is distinct from the other schools in many ways, notably in its use of esoteric metaphors and imagery in the school's kōans and other teachings.

## Lineage

* Six Patriarchs
* Huineng (638-713) (Hui-neng, Jpn. Enō)
* Nanyue Huairang (677-744) (Nan-yüeh Huai-jang, Jpn. Nangaku Ejō))
* Mazu Daoyi (709-788) (Ma-tsu Tao-i, Jpn. Baso Dōitsu)
* Baizhang Huaihai (720-814) (Pai-chang Huai-hai, Jpn. Hyakujō Ekai)
* Guishan Lingyou (771-853) (Kuei-shan Ling-yu, Jpn. Isan Reiyū)
* Yangshan Huiji (807-883) (Yang-shan Hui-chi, Jpn. Kyōzan Ejaku)
* Guiyang school

## Absorption into the Linji school

Over the course of the Song dynasty (960–1279), the Guiyang school, along with the Fayan and Yunmen schools were absorbed into the Linji school. Xuyun attempted to revive these absorbed lineages and succeeded in the case of the Guiyang school.
# Guiyang Symphony Orchestra

Guiyang Symphony Orchestra (Chinese: 贵阳交响乐团; pinyin: Guìyáng jiāoxiǎng yuètuán, abbreviated GYSO) is an orchestra founded in Guiyang, Guizhou province, China on February 19, 2009, Its inaugural concert was held on September 19, 2009 conducted by Artistic Directors Chen Zuohuang and Li Xincao. The orchestra's current Musical and Artistic Director is the Italian-American conductor Rico Saccani, whose previous engagements include leading the Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra as well as many engagements as a guest conductor across Europe and Asia.
GYSO is a professional orchestra in Guiyang, People's Republic of China (PRC), organized under the auspices of the Cultural Institute of the Guiyang People’s Government and Xingli Group ( a largest retail group in Guizhou Province). The orchestra's current artistic director is Chen Zuohuang.
GYSO will be participating in many major performances. GYSO will organize many tours outside Guiyang. It has been the “Cultural Representative” of Guiyang.
# The Master and Margarita (disambiguation)

The Master and Margarita is a novel by Mikhail Bulgakov.
The Master and Margarita may also refer to the adaptations of the novel:
* The Master and Margarita (1988 TV series), a Polish television series
* Der Meister und Margarita, a 1989 opera by York Höller
* The Master and Margarita (1994 film), a Russian film
* The Master and Margarita (miniseries), a 2005 Russian television miniseries
* The Master and Margarita (2024 film), a Russian film