OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Internegative

An internegative is a motion picture film duplicate. It is the color counterpart to an interpositive, in which a low-contrast color image is used as the positive between an original camera negative and a duplicate negative.
After a film is shot, the original negatives—taken directly from the camera equipment—are edited into correct sequence and printed onto fresh stock as a cohesive film, creating an interpositive print used for color timing. From the interpositive, answer prints, which include the color-corrected imagery and a properly synced sound track, are made. Once approved by the studio, the final answer print is made into an internegative used for striking copies that will be delivered to theaters for viewing.

## Overview

Internegatives are the workhorses of the film industry. They are made on exactly the same stock as interpositives. The film processes usually go from one polarity to another, that is:
* The camera operator shoots a positive image and the film ends up as a negative.
* The original negative is printed onto stock that comes out as an interpositive. Often, two interpositives were made, one to be archived and one to continue through the process.
* The interpositive is color timed (to balance the scenes) into the internegative.
* The internegative makes the positive release print.
When an internegative wears out during printing, a new internegative is made from the interpositive and release printing resumes. There are some films (reversal film) that can go from positive to positive or negative to negative but are not used very often.
Each time the original camera negative, the only image source, is run through the printing machine, there is a hazard that the film could be damaged.
Printing release prints from the composited camera negative was common until about 1969. Thereafter, most printing was done from internegatives which were made from an interpositive.
Prints continue to be made from the composited camera negative. Usually such a print run is limited to a few prints. These are sometimes called "showprints" (a DeLuxe trademark), or, more generally, "EKs" (after Eastman Kodak), and are generally reserved for the producer and for exhibition in first-run engagements. Other exhibitors will almost always receive conventional prints made from internegatives.
For quality and safety reasons, video transfers are almost always made from an interpositive. An internegative is a less desirable alternative. On rare occasions, the composited camera negative may be used for video transfers, but it will have to be carefully retimed for color/density.
Where a color-reversal intermediate was used, a positive-to-positive color process could be achieved. However, its use was limited, often giving unsatisfactory color reproduction, and restricted to 16mm.
With very few exceptions, 35mm has utilized a negative-to-positive process.
# Iovance Biotherapeutics

Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical startup based in San Carlos, California. The company works to develop tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies against cancer.

## History

The company was founded in 2007 as Genesis Biopharma. In 2013, Lion merged with Genesis Biopharma аnd became lion bio Pharma, then rebranded to Iovance in 2017.
In 2024 the US FDA gave accelerated approval to Lifileucel, the company's tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte drug for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma.
# Van Heusen

Van Heusen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Billy Van Heusen (born 1946), American football player
* Jimmy Van Heusen (1916–1990), American composer
* John Manning Van Heusen, Dutch immigrant in America, after whom PVH Corp. was named

## Fictional characters

* Juliet Van Heusen, a character in Wizards of Waverly Place
# Van Cortlandt

Van Cortlandt may refer to:

## Places

* Van Cortlandt House Museum, Bronx, New York
* Van Cortlandt Park, Bronx, New York
* Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street station, a New York City Subway station, served by the 1 train
* Van Cortlandt Manor, Westchester County, New York
* Van Cortlandt Village, a subsection of the Kingsbridge neighborhood, Bronx, New York
# Badr ibn Hasanwayh

Badr ibn Hasanwayh was the second ruler of the Hasanwayhids from 979 to 1014. He was the son and successor of Hasanwayh (r. 961–979).

## Biography

During the civil war between the two Buyid brothers Adud al-Dawla (r. 949–983) and Izz al-Dawla (r. 967–978), Hasanwayh had supported the latter. Following the death of Hasanwayh in 979, Adud al-Dawla invaded his territories, executed some of his sons, and installed Badr on the Hasanwayhid throne as his deputy over the neighbouring Kurdish territories. Following the death of Adud al-Dawla in 983, Badr showed his gratitude to him by having twenty men sent to on an annual pilgrimage to Mecca in the name of Adud al-Dawla (as well as Badr's parents). Like Adud al-Dawla, historians portray Badr as the ideal ruler, especially in protecting the settled farmers from his own nomad supporters.
Unlike his father, Badr attended many Buyid court meetings. Following the death of the Buyid ruler Fakhr al-Dawla (r. 976–980, 984–997), Badr went to Ray to help Majd al-Dawla (r. 997–1029) administer the local affairs, but his help was rebuffed. As a result, Badr kept gradually dissociating himself from the affairs at Ray.
Badr was killed in 1014 by his commanders during the siege of a Kurdish fortress, due to ignoring their counsel to avoid fighting in the winter. Following Badr's death, most of his domain was conquered by the Annazids, while the Buyid ruler Shams al-Dawla (r. 997–1021) took the rest. Badr's grandson Zahir ibn Hilal ibn Badr attempted to restore his grandfather's position with the support of the Buyids of Hamadan.
# Back passage

Back passage may refer to:
* An alley behind, for example, a building
* A human anus (euphemism)
# Carlo Franchi

Carlo Franchi may refer to:
* Carlo Franchi (composer) (1743–1779), Italian composer
* Carlo Franchi (born 1938), Italian racing driver, known as Gimax
# Carlo Francesco Cesarini

Carlo Francesco Cesarini, (c.1666 – after 2 September 1741) was an Italian composer born in San Martino al Cimino near Viterbo and active in Rome from 1690. In 1690 he entered into the service of Cardinal Benedetto Pamphili as the director of his music academy and remained in his service until the cardinal's death in 1730. Cesarini also served as the maestro di cappella in the Chiesa del Gesù from 1704 until 31 August 1741. He composed numerous oratorios and cantatas and was the joint composer of several operas. The opera Clearco in Negroponte which he composed with Giovanni Lorenzo Lulier and Tommaso Bernardo Gaffi inaugurated the public opening of the Teatro Capranica on 18 January 1695.
He also set to music many oratorios on Benedetto Pamphilj's texts: San Vincislao (1704), Il figliol prodigo (1707), Oratorio per l'Assunzione della beatissima Vergine (1713), e Il trionfo del Tempo nella Bellezza ravveduta (1725). The last known records of him date from early September 1741 and document his retirement as the maestro di cappella of the Chiesa del Gesù due to ill health.
Some cantatas of him were recently published in modern edition.
# Bad Lands (2023 film)

Bad Lands is a 2023 Japanese crime thriller film written and directed by Masato Harada, and starring Sakura Ando, Ryosuke Yamada and Katsuhisa Namase. The film debuted in Japanese theaters in September 29, 2023 and was released worldwide on Netflix on December 29, 2023.

## Cast

* Sakura Ando as Neri
* Ryosuke Yamada as Joe
* Ryudo Uzaki as Mandala
* Noriko Eguchi as Hino
* Katsuhisa Namase as Seiji Takashiro
* Yoshimi Tendo as Arai Mama

## Production

The films was announced by Toei Company and Sony Pictures Entertainment Japan. It is based on Hiroyuki Kurokawa’'s Keiso (2015). The filming took place in Osaka, Japan.

## Reception

Mrinal Rajaram of Cinema Express rated the film 3/5 stars. James Hadfield of The Japan Times rated the movie 4 out of 5 stars. James Marsh of South China Morning Post gave the film a rating of 3/5 stars.

### Accolades

| Date | Award | Category | Recipients | Result |
| 2023 | 36th Nikkan Sports Film Awards | Best Actress | Sakura Ando | Nominated |
| 2024 | 78th Mainichi Film Awards | Best Actress | Sakura Ando | Nominated |
| 2024 | 66th Blue Ribbon Awards | Best Actress | Sakura Ando | Nominated |
# Vaudreuil-Soulanges

Vaudreuil-Soulanges may refer to:
* Vaudreuil-Soulanges Regional County Municipality, Quebec
* Vaudreuil—Soulanges (federal electoral district), a federal electoral district coterminal with the aforementioned Regional County Municipality
* Vaudreuil-Soulanges (provincial electoral district), a former provincial electoral district in Quebec
# Lioprosopa argosticha

Lioprosopa argosticha is a species of snout moth in the genus Lioprosopa. It was described by Turner in 1913, and is known from Australia.
# Altenhagen (Celle)

Altenhagen has been a municipality in the borough of Celle in northern Germany since 1973. It lies on the northeastern edge of the town. The original village dates back to 1377.
The area is divided into a new industrial estate and the old village by the B 191 federal road that runs from Celle to Eschede and Uelzen. The industrial estate includes a post office distribution centre. The railway line from Celle to Wittingen runs past the edge of Altenhagen, but the station at Altenhagen has rarely been used since it was closed to passenger services.
The centre of the old village is characterised by several rural farmyards and a number of handicraft firms. There is also a kindergarten and the local community hall for the parish of Celle's town church. On the northeastern edge of the village is a large vocational college campus which incorporates two training schools (Berufsbildende Schulen), BBS I and BBS IV, and known as the Albrecht Thear School.

## Politics

The village council has common responsibility for the Celle districts of Altenhagen, Bostel and Lachtehausen. The chairman (Ortsbürgermeister) is Helmut Schmidt.
# Tia Surica

Iranette Ferreira Barcellos (known as Tia Surica or Aunt Surica; born November 17, 1940, in Madureira, Brazil) is a Brazilian samba singer and actress.

## Biography

Surica was born in Madureira in 1940 to Judith and Pio Barcellos. She attended the Portela School from age four. She was given her nickname Surica by her grandmother.
In 1966, she sang the carnival samba Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, with Maninho and Catoni. The song was written by Paulinho da Viola. In 1980, she was part of the musical group Velha Guarda da Portela ("Old Guard of Portela").
In 2003, Surica released her first album, containing old songs of Portela, written by Monarco, Chico Santana and Anice.
Surica currently lives in Madureira village, close to the city, in her house called the Cafofo da Surica ("the sweet home of Surica"). Her house has become a meeting place for artists of the Portela School.
She has acted in a cameo role in the television programme City of Men and also in other roles in several TV shows and commercials.
# Placide Nicod

Placide Nicod (29 January 1876, in Bottens – 1 August 1953, in Évian-les-Bains) was a Swiss orthopedic surgeon. He was considered to be the top French-speaking Swiss orthopedist of his time.
He studied medicine at the University of Geneva, and afterwards, was an assistant to surgeon César Roux in Lausanne. From 1903 he worked as an assistant at the orthopedic hospital in Lausanne, where from 1905 to 1948 he served as chief physician and director.
In 1912 he opened a private clinic for orthopedic physical therapy in Lausanne, and during the following year, obtained his habilitation for orthopedics. Later on in his career, he was an associate professor of orthopedics (1931–47) and physiotherapy (1935–47) at the University of Lausanne. In 1942–44 he served as dean to the faculty of medicine.
His medical papers were published in the journals Revue suisse de médecine and Revue médicale de la Suisse romande.

## Selected works

* Le pronostic du pied bot congénital, 1908 – Prognostics for congenital club foot.
* Le "Genu valgum", 1912 – Genu valgum.
* Transplantations tendineuses, 1912 – Tendon transplants.
* Séquelles de poliomyélite, 1929 – Aftereffects of poliomyelitis.
* Traitement de la luxation de la hanche : leçon inaugurale, 1932 – Treatment for dislocation of hip.
* L'arthrite déformante de la hanche, 1942 – Deforming arthritis of the hip.
* Un cas intéressant de maladie de Little, 1943 – An interesting case of Little's disease.
# Valyava

Valyava, in Ukraine, is the site of an ancient mega-settlement dating to 4000 - 3600 B.C. belonging to the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture. The settlement was for the time very large, covering an area of 100 hectares. This proto-city are just one of 2440 Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements discovered so far in Moldova and Ukraine. 194 (8%) of these settlements had an area of more than 10 hectares between 5000 - 2700 B.C. and more than 29 settlements had an area in the range 100 - 300 - 450 Hectares.
# Tim Allsop & Stewart Williams

Tim Allsop and Stewart Williams are a British writing and directing duo.
They met in 2005 working for Elisabeth Murdoch’s production company Shine Limited. Their first joint work was a Comedy Lab for Channel 4 starring Alex Zane which they wrote, produced, and directed. Since then they have written for a variety of comedy and entertainment shows for the BBC, ITV and Channel 4, as well directing music videos and commercials – most recently for the Guitar Hero brand. In 2007 they began working on a pilot for Plus One in the Comedy Showcase strand for Channel 4 which they made with production company Kudos.
They have also written episodes for The Amazing World of Gumball and recently and written episodes for Space Chickens in Space, as well as developed the bible for Disney EMEA for the show as well.
Tim Allsop is currently a producer on Who Is America and Stewart Williams recently wrote an episode of Famalam.
# The Boomerang

The Boomerang was a weekly newspaper published in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

## History

The Boomerang was established by William Lane in 1887, publishing its first issue on 19 November 1887. James Drake, future Attorney-General of Australia, was a shareholder, writer and joint editor.
In 1891, Lane was approached to be the editor of The Worker, a newspaper being established by the local labour unions. As a consequence, Lane sold The Boomerang to Gresley Lukin. Lukin published the newspaper until 9 April 1892 after the company was voluntarily wound up.
Alfred Stephens worked as a sub-editor, but left in 1891 to become editor and part proprietor of the Cairns Argus. Other staff included Alfred Yewen. Zora Cross was a journalist for the paper for three years.
No connection has been found between this newspaper and the 1894 Melbourne Boomerang weekly published by Edward Findley.

## Publications

A eulogy by Francis Adams for Danish Australian journalist and Indigenous rights activist Carl Feilberg was published in the journal after his death in late 1887, followed by several of Feilberg's short stories.

## Access

A hand-written index to The Boomerang is held by the John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland, and all issues (from No. 1 (Saturday, 19 November 1887) to No. 230 (Saturday, 9 April, 1892)) are held in the library both on paper and microfilm. The microform version is available for use at some other libraries.
# The 80s: A Look Back at the Tumultuous Decade 1980–1989

The 80s: A Look Back at the Tumultuous Decade 1980–1989 is a humor book published in 1979.
It was edited by Tony Hendra, Christopher Cerf and Peter Elbling, with art direction by Michael Gross. Contributors to the book included Henry Beard, Valerie Curtin, Amy Ephron, Jeff Greenfield, Abbie Hoffman, Sean Kelly, B. Kliban, Paul Krassner, David Lander, Stan Lee, Stan Mack, Bruce McCall, Rick Meyerowitz, Maurice Peterson, George Plimpton and Harry Shearer.
The premise of the book was that it was a satirical review of American events in the 1980s. Having been written in 1979, the events were of course fictional and most of the satire was actually directed towards the late 1970s. Some of the events from the book included:
* Ted Kennedy's election to the Presidency in 1980, followed ten days thereafter by his resignation due to a botched surgical operation by Surgeon General Allan Bakke.
* The 1981 Disney Corporation purchase of the United Kingdom, which was remodeled into a theme park, the United Magic Kingdom.
* The United Nations declaration of 1983 as the International Year of the Simultaneous Orgasm.
* The illegalization of meat in 1983, leading to an underground "meathead" culture.
* The collapse of NBC in 1983 and CBS in 1984, leaving ABC as America's sole television network.
* The collapse of the New York Stock Exchange in 1984.
* Muhammad Ali being named as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and leader of an all-black Army in 1985.
* Economic upheaval caused by a global oil glut in 1986.
* The declaration of broccoli to be an endangered vegetable in 1988.
* France being destroyed by the misdirected microwave beam of an orbital power station.
* The 1988 World's Fair held in Tirana, Albania.
* An Arabic invasion of Europe in 1989.
The book was a best-seller and a sequel, The 90s: A Look Back, was published with a similar premise in 1989. The second book did not have the same success as the first.
# Petar Vrankić

Petar Vrankić (born 1947) is a German and Croatian church historian.

## Biography

Vrankić was born in Glavatičevo near Konjic in SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the time part of Yugoslavia. He studied theology at the Faculty of Catholic Theology in Split and continued his education in Rome. Together with Želimir Puljić he was ordained a priest in 1974. After gaining licenciate in theology in 1976, Vrankić studied church history and related studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, where he earned his PhD in 1980.
After he finished his education, Vrankić lectured church history and ecumenical theology at the Theological Seminary of Vrhbosna in Sarajevo. He moved to Augsburg, Germany in 1986 and started to lecture at the Faculty of Theology, University of Augsburg. He continued to write historical articles in Croatian. From 1998 until 2004 he lectured at the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross, and retired in 2012. He currently lives in Augsburg, where he continues to deal with church history.
Vrankić published in Croatian, Italian, German and English language.

## Works
### German

* Vrankić, Petar (1998). Religion und Politik in Bosnien und der Herzegowina (1878-1918) [Religion and Politics in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1878-1918)]. Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh.

### Italian

* Vrankić, Petar (1984). La Chiesa cattolica nella Bosnia ed Erzegovina al tempo del vescovo fra Raffaele Barišić, 1832-1863 [The Catholic Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the time of bishop Raffaele Barišić, 1832-1863]. Rome: Pontificia Universita Gregoriana Editrice Roma.
# Gorran

Gorran may refer to:

## Geographic places

* St Goran, a civil parish in Cornwall which includes the settlements of:
** Gorran Churchtown
** Gorran Haven
* Gorran, County Londonderry, a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland

## People

* Nicholas of Gorran, a French preacher

## Political parties

* Gorran Movement, the Movement for Change in Iraqi Kurdistan
# Gorran Churchtown

Gorran Churchtown is a village in the parish of St Goran (where the 2011 census population was included ), Cornwall, England. Gorran Churchtown is situated approximately nine miles (14 km) south-southwest of St Austell; Gorran Haven, the largest settlement in the parish, is a mile to the east.
Gorran Churchtown lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB).

## St Goran Church

The Church of St Goran is part of a wider benefice involving St Just (Gorran Haven) and St Michael Caerhays. All three are part of the Diocese of Truro.

### Refurbishment of the Bell Tower

Prior to 2015, the Church's bell tower had a ring of 6 bells. After fundraising effort and receipt of a grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund, St Goran were able to preserve their existing Georgian bells in a traditional wooden frame while installing a refurbished set of 8 Victorian bells from the former church of St Mary the Virgin in Chatham, Kent.
Of the pre-2015 ring of bells, two modern castings were removed - leaving four Pennington bells cast in 1772 in situ. The Taylor 5th bell is now the tenor of the augmentation from three to six at Ab Kettleby, Leicestershire. The Gillett & Johnston 2nd is to become the tenor of a ring of ten bells at Vernet les Bains, France.

### Renovations to the Interior

Since 2011, the Church has undergone numerous significant changes to the interior in an attempt to make the church more accessible for its parishioners and more effective as a community space.
This began in 2011 with replacing the Lady Chapel's pews with chairs and improving the hand rail. A year later, the Norman font (dating from around 1180) was moved from the back of the church to the Lady Chapel in order to make room for more renovation at the back.
In 2014, Fundraising efforts began in earnest to create a community space separate from the main body of the church. Building was completed in 2016 and now includes small and large meeting spaces, a kitchen, a gallery area and course facilities for visiting bell ringers. The new space was opened by the Bishop of Truro (then Tim Thornton) on 9 September 2016.
# The Antipodean

The Antipodean was an annual Australian illustrated literary periodical first published in 1892. It was edited by George Essex Evans in 1892, 1893 and 1897, with co-editors John Tighe Ryan (1892–3) and Banjo Paterson (1897). The publisher was George Robertson & Co.
In its early years, the periodical published works such as:
* The Bush Undertaker (1892), by Henry Lawson
* The Geebung Polo Club (1893), by Banjo Paterson
* My Gulf Helmet, by George Essex Evans under the pseudonym "Christophus"
* A Daughter of Maoriland, by Henry Lawson
# The Antidote (Morcheeba album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 64/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | 2.7/10 |
| PopMatters | 5/10 |
The Antidote is the fifth album by Morcheeba, released in May 2005. It featured Daisy Martey on vocals, who replaced Skye Edwards. It was the band's first album with Echo Records. The album reached 17 on the UK Albums Chart.

## Singles

The album was supported by three singles; "Lighten Up", "Everybody Loves a Loser" and "Wonders Never Cease". The latter was co-written by Jody Sternberg who would later join the band on tour.

## Critical reception

Pitchfork gave the album a 2.7 out of ten, remarking that Daisy Martey replacing singer Skye Edwards was like "an Angela Lansbury replacing a Marilyn Monroe".
Most reviews were more favourable, if somewhat tepid. Prefix Magazine gave it a six out of ten, noting the new direction of the band was "definitely welcome." PopMatters called it a solid album, but argued that Martey's style played against the Godfrey brothers' strengths, referring to the majority of the album as a "disappointment". BBC Music, on the other hand, delivered a strong recommendation, noting its eclectic style, and ending its positive review with "For the malaise brought on by much of today's dance-by-numbers, it's an antidote, indeed."

## Track listing

All tracks written by P.Godfrey, R.Godfrey, D. Martey except track 1 - written by P.Godfrey, R.Godfrey, J. Sternberg.

## Charts

Chart performance for The Antidote :
| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 62 |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 23 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 70 |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia) | 40 |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 5 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 40 |
| Italian Albums (FIMI) | 14 |
| Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE) | 47 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 17 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 17 |