OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 241

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 241 (P. Oxy. 241 or P. Oxy. II 241) is an authorization to the agoranomos asking him to register a loan. It is written in Greek and discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It is dated to the late first century. Currently it is housed in the Princeton University Library.

## Description

This document is one of three, along with P. Oxy. 242 and P. Oxy. 243, which follow a legal formula that has not been found outside of the Oxyrhynchan administrative area. These three documents involve mortgages of slaves, land, or houses. The salient difference is that these three documents are addressed to the agoranomeion (the office of the agoranomoi) rather than an office generally (γραΦείον). This indicates that in Oxyrhynchus, the agoranomeion functioned as a repository for records.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 241 is an authorization from Caecilius Clemens to the agoranomos to register a loan of money from Thonis to his brother on the security of a share in a house. The measurements of the fragment are 193 by 66 mm.
It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1899.

## Text

Caecilius Clemens to the agoranomos, greeting. Register a contract of loan from Thonis, son of Harpaësis, son of Petserothonis, his mother being Petosiris, daughter of Harpaësis, of the city of Oxyrhynchus, chief bearer in the temple of Thoëris and Isis and Sarapis and Osiris and the associated most mighty gods, on the security of the third part of a house, in which there is a hall, with the court and entrances and exits and appurtenances, situated in the Gymnasium square quarter by the temple of Osiris and the treasury, which was mortgaged to him by his full brother Thompuas in return for an accommodation in accordance with a note of hand and a payment through a bank of 400 drachmae...and...
# Danny Rich

Danny or Daniel Rich may refer to:
* Danny Rich, a character in the film Anaconda
* Danny Rich (rabbi), former Chief Executive of Liberal Judaism in the United Kingdom
* Daniel Rich, Australian sportsman
# Heliophanus abditus

Heliophanus abditus is a jumping spider species in the genus Heliophanus. It was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 1986 and is found in Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
# Heliophanus aeneus

Heliophanus aeneus is a jumping spider species in the genus Heliophanus. It was first described by Carl Wilhelm Hahn in 1832 and is found in the Palearctic realm.
# African daisy

African daisy is a common name for several plants and may refer to:
# QQ Vulpeculae

QQ Vulpeculae is a cataclysmic variable binary star system in the northern constellation of Vulpecula, abbreviated QQ Vul. It has a brightness that fluctuates around an apparent visual magnitude of 14.7, which is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye. The distance to this system is approximately 981 light years based on parallax measurements.
This system was detected as a soft X-ray source using the HEAO-1 satellite during 1977–78. The Einstein Observatory was then used in 1981 to more precisely position the source, which was designated E 2003+225. In 1982, J. A. Nousek and associates observed the optical counterpart and found it varied in brightness with a period of 3.706 hours, displaying strong emission lines of hydrogen and helium. They identified it as a variable of the AM Herculis type. The system shows a brightness variation of 0.7 magnitude during each orbit, plus a short-term flickering of 0.2 magnitudes.
The accepted model for this class of variable is a binary system with a red dwarf secondary in a close orbit with a magnetic white dwarf. The red dwarf is overflowing its Roche lobe and matter is streaming onto the white dwarf. The magnetic field of the white dwarf draws this material toward the magnetic poles, and the material is heated to a sufficient temperature to emit X-rays. In 1985, a weak, extended radio source was detected at the location of this system, suggesting it may be a remnant of a past nova event. X-ray observations in 1991 suggested there are separate regions of hard and soft X-ray emission, indicating matter is being accreted along two poles. The soft X-ray site is likely at the magnetic pole furthest from the secondary star.
The strength of the magnetic field in the white dwarf is estimated at ~30 MG. Over long periods, the system has been shown to switch between states of high and low brightness. K. Mukai and associates in 1986 suggested that the primary dip in the light curve is due to the geometry of the system in combination with a partial eclipse of the primary accretion region by the accretion column. The secondary dip may be caused by the limb of the white dwarf partially eclipsing the active accretion region. The rotation period of the white dwarf appears to be locked to the orbital period.
# Agalahalli

Agalahalli is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India, in the Hassan taluk of Hassan district.
# Agalabagilu

Agalabagilu is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Tirthahalli taluk of Shimoga district in Karnataka.
# Aeschlimann

Aeschlimann is a Swiss German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charles Aeschlimann (1897–1952), Swiss tennis player
* Erhard Aeschlimann, husband of Swiss composer Andree Rochat (1900-1990)
* Georges Aeschlimann (1920–2010), Swiss cyclist
* Jean-Jacques Aeschlimann (born 1967), Swiss ice hockey player
* Karl Eduard Aeschlimann (1808–1893), Swiss architect
* Manuel Aeschlimann (born 1964), French politician
* Martin Aeschlimann (born 1957), German physicist
* Peter Aeschlimann (born 1946), Swiss ice hockey player
* Roger Aeschlimann (1923–2008), Swiss cyclist
# Hellmuth

Hellmuth is both a masculine German given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Given name:
* Hellmuth Heye (1895–1970), German admiral and politician
* Hellmuth Hirth (1886–1938), German engineer who founded engine manufacturing companies
* Hellmuth Karasek (1934–2015), German journalist, literary critic, novelist and author
* Hellmuth Mäder (1908–1984), German general
* Hellmuth von Mücke (1881–1957), German Navy officer, pacifist writer
* Hellmuth Reymann (1892–1988), German Army officer
* Hellmuth Walter (1900–1980), German engineer who pioneered research into rocket engines and gas turbines
* Hellmuth Wolff (organ builder) (1937–2013), Canadian organ builder
Surname:
* Isaac Hellmuth (1819–1901), founder of Huron University College and the University of Western Ontario
* Otto Hellmuth (1896–1968), member of the Nazi party
* George Francis Hellmuth (1907–1999), American architect based in St. Louis, Missouri
* Phil Hellmuth (born 1964), American poker player
# Pétur Guðmundsson

Pétur Guðmundsson may refer to:
* Pétur Guðmundsson (1786–1852), patriarch of the Engeyjarætt
* Pétur Guðmundsson (basketball) (born 1958), Icelandic basketball player
* Pétur Guðmundsson (athlete) (born 1962), Icelandic shotputter
# Hell's Horizon

Hell's Horizon is a 1955 American war film directed by Tom Gries. The film stars John Ireland and Marla English. Hell's Horizon recounts the story of a bomber crew in the Korean War.

## Plot

During the Korean War, United States Air Force Captain John Merrill (John Ireland) is the pilot of a Boeing B-29 Superfortress bomber. Merrill is based in Okinawa and is ordered to destroy a Yalu River bridge in Korea. The mission is continually delayed due to bad weather. His co-pilot (Bill Williams) has to step in when the bored and frustrated crew members begin to fight over Sammi (Marla English), a local woman who is employed as a laundress at their base.
When the weather finally clears over the target, Merrill is ordered to attack the strategic bridge, but with only cloud cover as his protection. The North Koreans are prepared, and anti-aircraft guns hit the bomber as it descends out of the clouds. The attack is a success, but some crew members are killed, including "Jockey" (Chet Baker), the popular trumpeter of the base. Others on board are wounded. Merrill has to contend not only with the damaged bomber, but also flying through a deadly storm.
The bomber returns to base with extensive damage and only one engine still working, so Merrill has to make a "pancake" landing. The survivors make it back in time to hear the announcement of Sammi's engagement to one of the crew, Sgt. "Buddy" Lewis (Larry Pennell).

## Cast

* John Ireland as Capt. John Merrill
* Marla English as Sammi
* Bill Williams as Paul Jenkins
* Hugh Beaumont as Sgt. Al Trask
* Larry Pennell as Sgt. "Buddy" Lewis
* Chet Baker as "Jockey"

## Production

Hell's Horizon relied on a large amount of stock footage.

## Reception

Despite its release only a few years after the end of the Korean War, Hell's Horizon was no more than a typical B war film. Reviewer Alun Evans summed it up as a "standard action drama of a single bomber raid in the Korean conflict with no redeeming features." In Leonard Maltin's review, he merely noted, "Interaction among men of bombing squad in the Korean War."
# Pézènes-les-Mines

Pézènes-les-Mines (French pronunciation:; Languedocien: Pesena de las Minas) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France. Until 1926, the commune was known simply as Pézènes; the name change was authorised by government decree.
On the edge of the village is the Château de Pézènes, a feudal castle, dominating the site from a rocky ridge. It has been listed since 1981 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.
# Pêra Velha, Aldeia de Nacomba e Ariz

Pêra Velha, Aldeia de Nacomba e Ariz is a civil parish in the municipality of Moimenta da Beira, northern Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Pêra Velha, Aldeia de Nacomba and Ariz. The population in 2011 was 428, in an area of 29.17 km$^2$.
# Qamar-uz-Zaman Chaudhry

Qamar-Uz-Zaman Chaudhry is a Pakistani climate scientist. He is a researcher in the fields of climate change, meteorology, atmospheric sciences, hydrology and seismology and has written over 50 articles in the fields of meteorology, atmospheric sciences, hydrology, seismology, plate tectonics and earthquakes. He is the lead author of Pakistan's first National Climate Change policy. He served as the Vice President of the World Meteorological Organisation.

## Early life

He was born in Sargodha, Pakistan. Chaudhry received his early education from Lahore. Later, he attended Government College University where he received his B.Sc in Physics with honors and M.Sc. in Physics from the Quaid-i-Azam University. He received his Ph.D in meteorology from University of the Philippines Los Baños.

## Career

He joined Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) in 1971 and became Director General in 1996.
During his tenure as head of PMD, he took several initiatives to modernize PMD to improve its services for the general public and climate-sensitive socioeconomic sectors of Pakistan. His initiatives included starting numerical weather prediction (NWP) system in Pakistan and establishing the following: National Drought Monitoring and Early Warning Centre, Research and Development Division, Flash Flood Warning System for the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, National Tsunami Early Warning System, Tropical Cyclones Warning Center, and the Pollen Monitoring System.
He started the publication of the Pakistan Journal of Meteorology to promote research in meteorology, climate sciences and allied disciplines.
His contributions were involved in the disastrous 2005 Kashmir earthquake, which killed hundreds. He set up seismology and earthquake warning research centers in the Kashmir region and elsewhere.
Chaudhry published articles in national and international science journals. His articles spanned meteorology, extreme weather, forecast, hydrological and high impact weather systems technology, agricultural meteorology, global warming, climatic changes and natural disasters.
He served as Permanent Representative of Pakistan with WMO and as Secretary of the WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclone for the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.
In 2009, he served as Vice President of World Meteorological Organisation Asia Region.
He is working as an International Climate Change Specialist with the Asian Development Bank and UNEP DTU (a partnership between the United Nations Environment Programme and the Technical University of Denmark), and Senior Policy Advisor to the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development.
He retired on 13 September 2010. His leadership and contributions led him to be Pakistan's father of modern meteorology.

## Recognition

* SAARC Best Young Scientist Research Award (1993)
* Pride of Performance award from the President of Pakistan (1999)
* Pakistan’s 3rd highest National Civil Award “Sitara-i-Imtiaz” (2011)
# Pimelea drummondii

Pimelea drummondii is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to near-coastal areas of southern Western Australia. It is an erect, slender shrub with narrowly elliptic or elliptic leaves arranged in opposite pairs, and white or cream-coloured flowers surrounded by 3 or 4 pairs of pale green to yellowish involucral bracts.

## Description

Pimelea drummondii is an erect, slender shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.4–2 m (1 ft 4 in – 6 ft 7 in) and has glabrous stems. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 10–48 mm (0.39–1.89 in) long and 4.5–18 mm (0.18–0.71 in) wide. The flowers are arranged in large, compact clusters usually with 3, 4 more pairs of pale green or yellow-green, sometimes partly reddish, egg-shaped involucral bracts 11–21 mm (0.43–0.83 in) long and 7–18 mm (0.28–0.71 in) wide. Each flower is bisexual, white or cream-coloured and glabrous inside, the flower tube 19–27 mm (0.75–1.06 in) long. The sepals are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long, the stamens slightly longer than the sepals. Flowering mainly occurs from June to August.

## Taxonomy

This species was first formally described in 1852 by Nikolai Turczaninow who gave it the name Calyptrostegia drummondii in the Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou from specimens collected by James Drummond. In 1988, Barbara Lynette Rye changed the name to Pimelea drummondii in the journal Nuytsia. The specific epithet (drummondii) honours the collector of the type specimens.

## Distribution and habitat

Pimelea drummondii grows in sandy soil on coastal sand dunes or in sandy soil over granite between Mount Gardner and Israelite Bay in near-coastal areas of the Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Mallee bioregions of southern Western Australia.

## Conservation status

This pimelea is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
# The Warrington, Maida Vale

The Warrington is a Grade II listed public house at Warrington Crescent, Maida Vale, London W9 1EH.
It is on the Campaign for Real Ale's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.
It was built in the mid-19th century.
It was used in series 1 of The Sweeney episode Night Out and Minder series 2, episode 7 The Beer Hunter.
As of August 2015, it is operated by the Faucet Inn pub company.
Faucet Inn filed for insolvency as of 8 January 2019, and The Warrington is currently under the ownership of Golden Brick Pubs Limited.
# Hujiang University

Hujiang University (simplified Chinese: 沪江大学; traditional Chinese: 滬江大學; pinyin: Hùjiāng Dàxué; lit. 'University at Hu River') was a private Baptist university from 1906 to 1952 in Shanghai, China. It was established by the American Baptist Missionary Union and the Southern Baptist Convention. The institution was also known as Shanghai College or University of Shanghai.

## History

During the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, the Central China Mission of the American Southern Baptist Convention and the East China Mission of the American Baptist Missionary Union (Northern Baptists) gathered in Shanghai. The two missions collaborated for higher education, establishing the Shanghai Baptist Theological Seminary in 1906 and Shanghai Baptist College in 1909. The two were combined in 1911 to form "Shanghai Baptist College and Theological Seminary" (上海浸會大學). The name "University of Shanghai" (simplified Chinese: 沪江大学; traditional Chinese: 滬江大學) was adopted when it was registered with the Chinese government in 1929.
Liu Zhan'en (or Herman Chan-En Liu), an alumnus of Teachers College, Columbia University, was the first Chinese president to succeed Dr. F. J. White as university president.
Hujiang University was in a critical position for information sharing after the 1937 Battle of Nanking. President Liu was assassinated by the Japanese military at a bus stop in Shanghai on April 7, 1938, after he secretly disseminated Nanjing Massacre photos (taken by Western missionaries) to people around the world.
Ling, Hsien-yang (prefers Henry H. Lin), an alumnus of Hujiang University (1927) and University of Southern California (1929), was the last Chinese president of the university. He elected to remain in mainland China to take care of the university and its students following the communist takeover of China in 1949. He was imprisoned in 1951 as part of the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries and died few years later.

## In 1952

Hujiang University was merged into East China Normal University and other universities in Shanghai. It is no longer existing. Some university records are available for research purposes in Yale University Divinity School's Library.

## Building

In 1919, the campus was designed by the American architect Henry Murphy's company.
# Biskupice, Pińczów County

Biskupice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złota, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) east of Złota, 19 km (12 mi) south of Pińczów, and 57 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.
# Biophytum umbraculum

Biophytum umbraculum (the South Pacific palm) is a plant species in the family Oxalidaceae. It is reported from India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma (Myanmar), New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, tropical Africa, and Madagascar. The species is an annual herb up to 15 cm tall, bearing sessile umbels.
Biophytum umbraculum Welw., Apont. 55: 590. 1859.
# Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe

Prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) is a common variety of large-diameter concrete pressure pipe used for transporting water and wastewater. PCCP is typical manufactured according to the American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard C304. PCCP is a composite structure that is composed of a concrete core, high-tensile prestressed steel wires, a thin steel cylinder, and mortar coating. It is widely used globally in water systems infrastructure.
# The Cardboard Crown

The Cardboard Crown (1952) is a novel by Australian writer Martin Boyd. It is the first in the author's "Langton Tetralogy" (which comprises The Cardboard Crown, A Difficult Young Man, Outbreak of Love and When Blackbirds Sing).

## Plot summary

The novel follows the story of Alice Langton, as told by her grandson Guy de Teba Langton, who pieces the story together from her diaries and family gossip. Alice is trapped in a life where her happiness is a secondary consideration among the rest of the family, who make continual demands on her money. Alice moves constantly between her homes in Australia and Europe, always longing for the home she does not inhabit.

## Reviews

Geoffrey Hutton in The Argus noted that the author was writing a family saga of wealth and influence in Melbourne with a difference. "The prod-nosed social investigators may find some interesting sidelights here on the gilded life of the governing class in the 70's or the early affluence of East St Kilda before the parvenus flooded into Toorak. But Mr Boyd's only real interest is in the contrasting strains which appear in his oddly-mixed family and in the interaction between human frailty and unearned wealth.."
Gillian Dooley, writing in 2004 after the book had been re-issued, stated: "Boyd's subject matter is no doubt the principal reason for his neglect. By any standards, his prose is strong and luminous and his novels are beautifully crafted and immensely readable. But the late twentieth century had little patience with the scandals and vicissitudes of Anglo-Australian aristocratic families, with no apparent connections with convicts, sealers or whalers, or the indigenous people. Boyd was admittedly something of a good old-fashioned snob."

## Note

Text Publishing re-issued the novel in 2012 as part of its Text Classics series with an introduction by Brenda Niall.
# TOPIO Dio

The TOPIO Dio is a robot designed to serve in a restaurant or coffee shop, or as a cocktail bartender, which is manufactured by Vietnam-based company, Tosy. TOPIO Dio has a 3-wheel moving platform, 28 degrees of freedom and is operated remotely with a built-in camera and an obstacle detector. It is 125 cm high and weighs 45 kg.

## Development history

| Time | Place | Event | Notes |
| November, 2008 | TOSY Robotics JSC | TOPIO Dio project get started | |
| June, 2010 | AUTOMATICA 2010, Germany | Introduce the 1st version of TOPIO Dio | 28 degrees of freedom, 3 wheels platform |

## Specifications

| Specifications | TOPIO Dio |
| Height | 125 cm |
| Weight | 45 kg |
| Power Supply | battery, 48V 20AH |
| Actuator | Servo motor |
| Communication methods | Speaker, Microphone |
| Camera | 2 |
| Degrees of freedom | 28 |

## Technologies

* Remote control via wireless internet
* Integrate 3D vision via 2 cameras
* 3D operation space of robot defined by the controlling software
* Processes pre-defined images
* Detects obstacles by Ultrasonic Sensor
* Three-wheeled base with omnidirectional and balanced motion
# Pio D'Emilia

Pio D'Emilia (18 July 1954 – 7 February 2023) was an Italian journalist and writer employed by Sky TG24.

## Biography
### Journalistic career

D'Emilia was a correspondent for Sky TG24 in Japan and author of several articles in Italian and foreign newspapers such as Avvenire, Il Messaggero, il manifesto, Tokyo Shimbun and Shukan Shincho.

#### Special reporter to Fukushima

Following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, D'Emilia was the only foreign journalist to go to the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant and documented the disaster area for thirty days. In June of the same year, he published the book "Nuclear Tsunami", from which the documentary "Fukushima: A Nuclear Story" directed by Matteo Gagliardi was subsequently taken.

#### C’era una volta il Giappone

The latest analysis "C’era una volta il Giappone" on Japan by Pio d'Emilia sent two days before his death to Guido Moltedo, director of the Ytali website, has represented his journalistic and political testament.