OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# PH1b

PH1b (standing for "Planet Hunters 1"), or by its NASA designation Kepler-64b, is an extrasolar planet found in a circumbinary orbit in the quadruple star system Kepler-64. The planet was discovered by two amateur astronomers from the Planet Hunters project of amateur astronomers using data from the Kepler space telescope with assistance of a Yale University team of international astronomers. The discovery was announced on 15 October 2012. It is the first known transiting planet in a quadruple star system, first known circumbinary planet in a quadruple star system, and the first planet in a quadruple star system found. It was the first confirmed planet discovered by PlanetHunters.org. An independent and nearly simultaneous detection was also reported from a revision of Kepler space telescope data using a transit detection algorithm.

## Star system

The giant planet is Neptune-sized, about 20-55 Earth-masses (M$_E$). It has a radius 6.2 times that of Earth. The star system is 7200 light years from Earth. The planet orbits a close binary, with a more distant binary orbiting at a distance, forming the quadruple star system. The star system has the Kepler Input Catalogue name KIC 4862625 as well as the designation Kepler-64. The close binary (Aa+Ab) that the planet circles has an orbital period of 20 days. They form an eclipsing binary pair. The two stars are (Aa) 1.384 solar mass (M$_☉$) F-type main-sequence star and (Ab) 0.336 M$_☉$ red dwarf. The planet orbits this binary pair in a 138.3-day orbit. The binary pairs have a separation of 1000 AUs. A photometric-dynamical model was used to model the planetary system of the close binary pair. The distant binary (Ba+Bb) have a pair separation of 60 AU. The two stars are (Ba) 0.99 M$_☉$ G-type main-sequence star and (Bb) 0.51 M$_☉$ red dwarf. The quadruple star system has an estimated age of two billion years (2 gigayears). The system is located at right ascension 19$^h$ 52$^m$ 51.624$^s$ declination +39° 57′ 18.36″, so also has a 2MASS catalogue entry of 2MASS 19525162+3957183

## Discovery

Kian Jin Jek (Chinese: 易建仁, son of Jek Yeun Thong), from San Francisco, and Robert Gagliano, from Cottonwood, Arizona, spotted the signature of the planet in the Kepler data, and it was reported through the PlanetHunters.org program run by Dr. Chris Lintott, from Oxford University. Kian Jek first spotted a light dip indicative of a transit in May 2011. JKD reported a second. Robert Gagliano performed a systematic search, and confirmed the second dip, and found a third, in February 2012. Using this, Kian predicted another transit, and found it. The planet was subsequently detected by eclipsing binary timing variation method. At the time of discovery, it was the sixth known circumbinary planet.

## Role as a benchmark system

The planet PH1b and were used as a benchmark system for automated detection algorithms. As a benchmark system PH1 is used to improve the algorithm and to demonstrate improvement in the detection of circumbinary planets.
# Do You Always (Have to Be Alone)?

"Do You Always (Have to Be Alone)?" is a song by Swedish musician Bo Martin Erik Erikson, known under the pseudonym of E-Type. It was released in 1995 by Stockholm Records as one of the last singles from the musician's debut album, Made in Sweden (1994). The song was written by E-Type and produced by Max Martin. It features vocals by singer Nana Hedin and became a top 20 hit in Sweden, peaking at number 13. No music video was produced for the single.

## Track listing

* CD maxi, Europe (1995)
* "Do You Always (Have to Be Alone)?" (Radio Edit) — 4:19
* "Do You Always (Have to Be Alone)?" (Floating Version) — 3:58
* "This Is the Way Too" (Unplugged) — 3:57

## Charts

| Chart (1995) | Peak position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 13 |
# Tubificoides

Tubificoides is a genus of annelids belonging to the family Naididae.
The genus was described in 1937 by Lastočkin.
Species:
* Tubificoides aculeatus (Cook, 1969)
* Tubificoides aguadillensis Milligan, 1987
* Tubificoides amplivasatus (Erséus, 1975)
* Tubificoides annulus Erséus, 1986
* Tubificoides apectinatus Brinkhurst, 1965
* Tubificoides bakeri Brinkhurst, 1985
* Tubificoides benedii (Udekem, 1855)
* Tubificoides heterochaetus
* Tubificoides pseudogaster
# Propallene longiceps

Propallene longiceps is a species of sea spider in the family Callipallenidae. It is found in shallow water in the western Pacific Ocean.

## Description

Propallene longiceps has a compact body, the male being slightly more slender than the female. The propodus of the claw is slightly curved and has a number of elongate spines on its heel, and both males and females have hairy legs. The female is distinguishable by the swollen femurs of the walking legs, and the male is notable for the high number of cement gland ducts present, which is usually more than ten.

## Distribution

Propallene longiceps is native to the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from the Red Sea and the Horn of Africa to India, Malaysia, southern China and Japan.

## Biology

In Pycnogonids, the female lays the eggs onto her walking legs, and in most species, the male transfers the eggs to his ovigers (legs adapted for the care of eggs and young), where he fertilises them. This arrangement ensures that the eggs that he will be carrying for the next few months are actually his own offspring. Propallene longiceps is an exception to this however, as in this species, the eggs are fertilised before being transferred to the male.
Egg laying is performed while the male is clinging to the back of the female, the pair being upside-down. The ovaries are in the femurs of each walking leg of the female, and eggs of varying size are present in each ovary. Stimulated by the male's courtship activities, the two largest eggs in each ovary work their way along the inside of each leg, emerging from a gonopore on the coxa after about three minutes. At this stage, the male and female realign so that their ventral surfaces are together, and fertilisation takes place. The female collects the eggs with her ovigerous legs and passes them to the male's ovigerous legs. He accumulates them into egg masses, usually containing eight eggs, and uses mucus to form them into bracelet-like clusters, which he wraps around his ovigerous legs. Further egg rings are added at the proximal ends of the limbs, and there may be four to six rings on each limb. The different egg masses may originate from different females.
The eggs hatch after approximately one week. The first instar larva moults as a hatchling, so the second instar larva is considered the first attached developmental stage. This moults three times while retained on the ovigers, and six further times during its free-living stage in the water column. It will be fully grown and mature about five months after the egg was fertilised.
# Charles Kenward

Charles Kenward (7 September 1877 – 14 November 1948) was an English first-class cricketer.
Kenward was born at Icklesham Manor House in the village of Icklesham, Sussex to Trayton Kenward and his wife Emily Turtle. His father was a farmer of over 1,000 acres (4.0 km$^2$). Kenward made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Gentlemen of England against Oxford University at Oxford in 1905. Batting twice during the match, Kenward was dismissed for 43 runs by Robin Udal in the Gentlemen of England first-innings, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Francis Henley for 4 runs.
He was later a Land Tax Commissioner for the county of Sussex in 1938. He died at Rye, Sussex in November 1948. His brother, Richard Kenward, was also a first-class cricketer.
# Edward Hadow

Edward Maitland Hadow (13 March 1863 – 20 February 1895) was an English first-class cricketer active 1883–93 who played for Middlesex and Marylebone Cricket Club. He was born in Sudbury Priory; died in Cannes.
He was educated at Harrow School for whom he would play cricket.
# Angeles Arrien

Angeles Arrien (1940 – April 24, 2014) was a Basque-American cultural anthropologist, educator, author, lecturer and consultant, best known for her book The Four-Fold Way: Walking the Paths of the Warrior, Healer, Teacher and Visionary.

## Early life

Angeles Arrien was born in 1940 in the Basque Country, Spain, to Salvatore Arrien and Marie Elordi. She moved with her family to Idaho, USA, when she was seven years old, and later became a naturalized American. She received a Bachelor's degree from the University of Idaho, a Master's degree from the University of California Berkeley, and a doctorate from the California Institute of Integral Studies.

## Career

Arrien taught at the California Institute of Integral Studies, the Alaya Institute, Spain, John F. Kennedy University, and at the Metta Institute, California. She was a founder of the External (Global) Program at the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology (now Sofia University). She served as Vice President of the Association for Transpersonal Psychology and as President of the Angeles Arrien Foundation for Cross-Cultural Education and Research. She received honorary doctorates from the Institute of Transpersonal Psychology and the East-West Interfaith Ministry, California. She lectured, gave keynote speeches to medical, academic and corporate conferences, held workshops and worked as a personal consultant across the US and worldwide. She mentored many colleagues, students and individuals.
Arrien published ten major works that bridged anthropology, psychology, and religion over a period of twenty-four years, and which were translated into many languages. Her book The Signs of Life won the 1993 IBPA Benjamin Franklin Award, and The Second Half of Life won the 2007 Nautilus Book Award for Best book on Ageing. Her book Working Together, in which she recognised that cultural diversity is a reality in many fields of employment, and proposed strategies that would enable workforces to build on that diversity and create bridges between people from different cultural backgrounds, was influential in the fields of leadership development and change management. The concepts developed in her book The Four-Fold Way: Walking the Paths of the Warrior, Healer, Teacher and Visionary influenced the personal and professional development of many who attended her lectures, keynote speeches or workshops.
Arrien died on April 24, 2014, aged 74, due to pneumonia.
# B-36 Peacemaker Museum

The B-36 Peacemaker Museum is a non-profit organization "Dedicated to the preservation of the rich aviation history of North Texas".

## Original purpose of the museum

The museum was originally created to preserve and display the last Convair B-36 built. Of 386 B-36s built from 1945 to 1954, only four intact examples survive. B-36-J-III 52-2827 City of Fort Worth was built in Fort Worth, Texas in 1954. The aircraft was accepted by the Air Force on August 14, 1954 and was retired on 12, February 1959. It was displayed at Amon Carter Field, later Greater Southwest International Airport, from 1959 until the late 1970s, when it was moved to Carswell Air Force Base. Exposed to the extremes of Texas weather, the giant aircraft slowly deteriorated. In the early 1990s the aircraft was disassembled and moved indoors to hangar space at the factory where it was built, donated by Lockheed Aircraft. A group of dedicated volunteers, many of them retired Convair employees who had worked on the original B-36 assembly line, spent 40,000 person-hours restoring the plane.

## Transfer of the B-36 to Arizona

The aircraft is officially owned by the National Museum of the United States Air Force (NMUSAF), but was on loan to the B-36 Peacemaker Museum. In 2006, it was agreed that the Peacemaker Museum did not have the proper resources to restore and exhibit the aircraft, and the aircraft was trucked to the Pima Air & Space Museum (PASM) in Tucson, Arizona where it was restored and is currently exhibited. In the arid Tucson climate, it is possible to display aircraft outdoors without the kind of deterioration that occurred in Fort Worth. As the National Museum of the United States Air Force still retains ownership of the aircraft, the future direction of the B-36 Peacemaker Museum is still undecided.
# Upper Laos caecilian

The Upper Laos caecilian (Ichthyophis laosensis) is a species of amphibian in the family Ichthyophiidae. It is endemic to Laos and only known from a single specimen (holotype) collected from the imprecise type locality, "Upper Laos". Presumably a tropical moist forest species, nothing definite is known about its habitat or ecology.
# Beryllium oxalate

Beryllium oxalate is an inorganic compound, a salt of beryllium metal and oxalic acid with the chemical formula C $_2$BeO $_4$. It forms colorless crystals, dissolves in water, and also forms crystalline hydrates. The compound is used to prepare ultra-pure beryllium oxide by thermal decomposition.

## Synthesis

The action of oxalic acid on beryllium hydroxide:
       ${\mathsf {Be(OH)_{2}+H_{2}C_{2}O_{4}\ {\xrightarrow}\ BeC_{2}O_{4}+2H_{2}O}}$

## Chemical properties

Crystalline hydrates lose water when heated:
       ${\mathsf {BeC_{2}O_{4}\cdot 3H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-2H_{2}O}]{100^{o}C}}\ BeC_{2}O_{4}\cdot H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{220^{o}C}}\ BeC_{2}O_{4}}}$
# Tivoli Hollow Railroad

The Tivoli Hollow Railroad was chartered in 1893. It was completed 1.23 miles (1.98 km) in the Tivoli Hollow section of the City of Albany, New York prior to 1903 (exact date not known). It was merged into New York Central and Hudson River Railroad in 1913.
# Bloomfield Township, LaGrange County, Indiana

Bloomfield Township is one of eleven townships in LaGrange County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,746 (up from 5,412 at the 2010 census), and it contained 2,270 housing units.
Bloomfield Township was founded in 1835.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.85 square miles (92.9 km$^2$), of which 35.58 square miles (92.2 km$^2$) (or 99.25%) is land and 0.27 square miles (0.70 km$^2$) (or 0.75%) is water.
# Turbo setosus

Turbo setosus, common name the rough turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 22 mm and 80 mm. The solid, imperforate shell has an ovate-pointed shape. Its color pattern is whitish, or greenish, maculated with brown and olive. The conic spire is acute. The six whorls are convex, striate and spirally lirate. The ridges are unequal, wider than the interspaces, frequently with interstitial lirulae. The large aperture lis oval and white within. The outer lip is frequently green-tinged and is fluted. The arcuate columella is deflexed and dilated at its base.
The circular operculum is flat or slightly concave within. It contains four whorls and a subcentral apex. The outer surface is convex, brown, coarsely granulose in the middle, paler and more finely granular at the margins.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Madagascar, the Mascarene Basin and Mauritius; in the Central and Southwest Pacific; off Australia.
# Harold Whetstone Johnston

Harold Whetstone Johnston (March 18, 1859 in Rushville, Illinois – June 17, 1912) was a classical historian and Professor of Latin at Indiana University, best known for writing The Private Life of the Romans.

## Personal life

Johnston was the son of DeWitt Clinton Johnston and Margretta Hay (Bower). In 1882, he married Eugenia Hinrichsen.

## Death

Johnston died of cyanide poisoning on June 17, 1912 while on a train from Monon, Indiana to Indianapolis. The coroner determined that he had ingested potassium cyanide intentionally, and his friends indicated he had been upset due to financial difficulties.

## Works

* 1897 – A collection of examples illustrating the metrical licenses of vergil
* 1903 – The Private Life of the Romans, Publisher: Beaufort Books (1972 reissue) ISBN 0-8369-9915-0
* 1910 – Selected Orations and Letters of Cicero Scott, Foresman and Co.
# Listen to the Ahmad Jamal Quintet

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Listen to the Ahmad Jamal Quintet is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1960 and released on the Argo label.

## Critical reception

Allmusic awarded the album 4½ stars.

## Track listing

* "Ahmad's Waltz" (Ahmad Jamal) – 4:44
* "Valentina" (Christine Reynolds) – 2:19
* "Yesterdays" (Otto Harbach, Jerome Kern) – 2:57
* "Tempo for Two" (Joe Kennedy) – 3:26
* "Hallelujah" (Vincent Youmans, Leo Robin) – 2:06
* "It's a Wonderful World" (Harold Adamson, Jan Savitt, Johnny Watson) – 2:50
* "Baía" (Ary Barroso) – 4:04
* "You Came a Long Way from St. Louis" (John Benson Brooks, Bob Russell) – 3:53
* "Lover Man" (Jimmy Davis, Ram Ramirez, James Sherman) – 4:04
* "Who Cares?" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin) – 3:05

## Personnel

* Ahmad Jamal – piano
* Joe Kennedy – violin
* Ray Crawford – guitar
* Israel Crosby – bass
* Vernel Fournier – drums
# Jupiter's North Pole

Jupiter's North Pole is the northernmost point of Jupiter. Like Jupiter's South Pole, it has a bluer surface color than the rest of Jupiter. It was first imaged in July 2016 with the Juno probe entering the polar orbit of Jupiter. At the same time, its polar cyclone was discovered, measuring just over 3,000 km, surrounded by eight smaller cyclones which each measure 2,400–2,800 km in diameter. They are almost half the size of the South Pole cyclones and form an almost-regular octagon. All of them turn counterclockwise.
In contrast to the South Pole, where in 2019, to the five peripheral cyclones was added a sixth, at the North Pole, this structure of "1+8", remained stable at least until the end of 2020. Its stability is provided by the tendency of peripheral cyclones to repel each other and move toward the pole, while the central cyclone tends to repel them all.
Three peripheral cyclones (the second, sixth, and eighth) are close to the background in brightness, and the other five are lighter. Several smaller cyclones, up to 1,000 km in diameter, some of which also rotate clockwise, circle around them.
The temperature of the upper atmosphere in this region ranges from −83 °C to −13 °C
When the Juno arrived at Jupiter, its North Pole was in the darkness of polar night, so its first pictures were only infrared. Only when sunlight shifted to the Northern Hemisphere was it possible to see all its cyclones in the light of the Sun. To make one complete picture of the pole, the apparatus requires four approaches to it.
At the North Pole of Jupiter, there is a large X-ray spot, discovered in 2000, pulsating with a period of about 45 minutes; there is a much smaller similar spot at the South Pole. Explanations of this phenomenon have not yet been found.

## Citations

* ↑ Gavriel, Nimrod; Kaspi, Yohai (2021). "The number and location of Jupiter's circumpolar cyclones explained by vorticity dynamics". Nature Geoscience. 14 (8): 559–563. arXiv:2110.09422. Bibcode:2021NatGe..14..559G. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00781-6. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 236096014.
* ↑ "Полет над северным полюсом Юпитера: видео". Популярная механика (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-11-13.
* ↑ "All Eight Northern Circumpolar Cyclones in 2020". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Retrieved 2021-11-13.
* ↑ "Астронет > Большое рентгеновское пятно на Юпитере". www.astronet.ru. Retrieved 2021-11-13.
# BAP Arica (SS-36)

BAP Arica (SS-36) is one of two Type 209/1100 submarines ordered by the Peruvian Navy on 24 June 1970. She was built by the German shipbuilder Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft AG at its shipyard in Kiel. She is named after the naval battle of Arica, an engagement between naval forces of Peru and Chile on 7 June 1880. Following sea trials in the North Sea, she arrived to its homeport of Callao in 1975. After almost a decade in service she was overhauled in Kiel between 1983 and 1984 for further use.

## Sources

* Baker III, Arthur D., The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 2002-2003. Naval Institute Press, 2002.
* Ortiz Sotelo, Jorge, Apuntes para la historia de los submarinos peruanos. Biblioteca Nacional, 2001.
# Paulabreen

Paulabreen is a glacier in Nathorst Land and Heer Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a length of about fifteen kilometers, extending from the mountain of Kjølberget to the bay of Rindersbukta. The glacier is named after Paula, the wife of shipmaster Richard Ritter von Barry. Paulabreen borders to the mountain area of Vriompeisen, and the mountain of Hollertoppen. A tributary glacier is Bakaninbreen.
# Amanda (Don Williams song)

"Amanda" is a 1973 song written by Bob McDill and recorded by both Don Williams (1973) and Waylon Jennings (1974). "Amanda" was Waylon Jennings's eighth solo number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for three weeks on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.
As recorded by Jennings, "Amanda" had been a track on his 1974 album The Ramblin' Man, but was not released as a single at that time; two other tracks, "I'm a Ramblin' Man" and "Rainy Day Woman," were. More than 4½ years later, new overdubs were added to the original track and placed on his first greatest hits album. In April 1979 the song was issued as a single, and it soon became one of the biggest country hits of 1979. "Amanda" is a love song of a man approaching middle age and reflecting how his life is and how his wife could have done better without him.

## Other versions

"Amanda" was first recorded and released as a single by country singer Don Williams in the summer of 1973 as the flip side of his No. 12 hit "Come Early Morning." Williams' version reached No. 33 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.
The master for both "Come Early Morning" and "Amanda," along with Williams' other recordings for JMI Records, were sold to ABC-Dot Records in 1974.
Chris Stapleton covered this song on the 2017 tribute album to Don Williams "Gentle Giants: The Songs of Don Williams".
Billy Joe Royal released a version of the song.

## Charts
### Don Williams

| Chart (1973) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 33 |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 65 |

### Waylon Jennings

| Chart (1979) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 1 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 54 |
| US Adult Contemporary (Billboard) | 40 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 1 |
| Canadian RPM Top Singles | 67 |
| Canadian RPM Adult Contemporary Tracks | 7 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1979) | Position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 3 |
# Blantyre raid

The Blantyre Raid was an attack carried out by the rebel leader John Chilembwe and his followers on the African Lakes Company depot in Blantyre on 24 February 1915. The rebels failed to capture the depot, although they were able to seize a small number of rifles from the depot.

## Background

The rebels cut the Zomba–Tete and Blantyre–Mikalongwe telephone lines, delaying the spread of the news of their revolt to the government and Governor of Nyasaland.

## The Raid

The African Lakes' Company weapons store in Blantyre was raided by a force of around 100 rebels at around 02:00pm on 24 January, before the general alarm had been raised by news of the Magomero and Mwanje attacks. The defenders mobilised after an African watchman was shot dead by the rebels. The insurgents were repulsed, but not before they had captured five rifles and some ammunition, which was taken back to Mbombwe.
A number of rebels were taken prisoner during the retreat from Magomero.