# List of Odonata species of Great Britain

There are 57 recorded species of Odonata in Britain, made up of 21 damselflies (suborder Zygoptera) and 36 dragonflies (suborder Anisoptera). Of these, 42 species (17 damselflies and 25 dragonflies) are resident breeders, and the remainder are either extinct species, or vagrants - in respect of the latter, this list follows the decisions of the Odonata Records Committee.
Some of these rare species have not been seen since the 19th Century; however, the British Odonata list is also currently undergoing a period of unprecedented change, as new species are being discovered for the first time, some going on to become breeding species.
This list is based on the following principal references:
* Merritt, R., N. W. Moore and B. C. Eversham (1996), Atlas of the dragonflies of Britain and Ireland, HMSO (ISBN 0-11-701561-X)
* Parr, A. J. (1996), Dragonfly movement and migration in Britain and Ireland, Journal of the British Dragonfly Society Vol. 12 No. 2 pp. 33–50
* Parr, Adrian (2000a), An Annotated List of the Odonata of Britain and Ireland, Atropos No. 11 pp. 10–20
A number of other references were used to provide information on specific topics, including rare vagrants, post-1990 additions, predictions, species claimed but not accepted/species of uncertain provenance, non-natives, taxonomic matters and species found only in the Channel Islands.
Ireland's Odonata fauna is quite different from that of Britain, with many fewer breeding species, but one additional species not found in Britain, Irish Damselfly Coenagrion lunulatum – see List of Odonata species of Ireland for more information.

## New species since 1990

After a period in which the British Odonata list has been relatively static, since 1990, many new species have been found and some have gone on to become regular breeding species. In chronological order of their first record, these new species are:
* Scarlet dragonfly, first recorded at Hayle Kimbro Pool, The Lizard, Cornwall on 7 August 1995 (Jones 1996), with a small number of further records at scattered locations throughout Britain
* Banded darter (Sympetrum pedemontanum), recorded just once to date, near Tredegar, Monmouthshire on 16 August 1995, although a darter seen on 29 July 2003 at Hickling Broad, Norfolk, which had dark bands on its wings, may have been this species
* Lesser emperor, first recorded at Cinderford, in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire on 13 June 1996 (Phillips 1997a, 1997b) and now occurring annually; breeding evidence was found at Hayle Kimbro Pool (Jones 2000) and also at Bake Fishing Lakes, Cornwall (Pellow 2000) in 1999, and the species appears to be resident at Dungeness, Kent
* Green darner, first recorded at Penlee Battery, Cornwall on 9 September 1998 – the first record for Europe (Pellow 1999a, 1999b), with several other records in South West England that autumn, but none since to date
* Small red-eyed damselfly, first recorded in Essex on 17 July 1999 (Dewick and Gerussi 2000) – now a well-established breeding species across much of southern England
* Southern emerald damselfly, first recorded at Winterton Dunes, Norfolk on 30 July 2002 (Nobes 2003); in 2003 & 2004, the species was again seen here and at Sandwich Bay, Kent (Forrest 2005), but there have been no subsequent sightings at either location.
* Common winter damselfly, first recorded at Tonna, Neath in South Wales in December 2008.
* Yellow-spotted emerald, first (and only) record at Carlton Marshes, Suffolk, in July 2018.
Many British Odonata enthusiasts expect further species to be added to the list in the near future. The list below is up to date as of the end of the 2005 breeding season.

## Extinct species and casual breeders

While most species on the list below are either extant established breeding species or rare vagrants, some do not fall into these two categories. The following species bred in the past but are now extinct:
* Dainty damselfly – only ever known from marshes along the Thames Estuary in Essex, first recorded in 1946, and last recorded in 1952. Rediscovered 2010.
* Norfolk damselfly – only ever known from the Norfolk Broads between 1902 and 1957
* Orange-spotted emerald – only ever known from two areas in southern England, one around the River Stour and Moors River in east Dorset, where the species was recorded from 1820 to 1963, and the other on the River Tamar in Devon where the species was recorded in 1946 only.
The following species are sporadic or casual breeders:
* Yellow-winged darter – this species has a pattern of establishing small breeding colonies following influxes, but none of these have become permanently established
* Red-veined darter – following influxes in previous years, this species, like the yellow-winged darter, has formed temporary breeding colonies. However, since the mid-1990s, the number of these colonies has increased and many have continued to be present from year-to-year, so this species is now better regarded as a successful colonist.

## Non-native introductions

Records of non-native Odonata species in Britain have been confined to individuals found within heated greenhouses associated with nurseries for aquatic plants. None of these species have been recorded in wild situations or gone on to establish populations in the wild. Details of species which have occurred in such circumstances can be found in Agassiz 1981, Brooks 1988, and Parr 2000a.

## The list

The list is in taxonomic order. The English name of each species is given, followed by its scientific name, details of the range countries for each breeding species, and an overall status code for species which are not long-established extant breeding species.
The following abbreviations are used to give country-by-country distribution information for the breeding species:
* Eng to indicate that the species' breeding range includes England
* Scot to indicate that the species' breeding range includes Scotland
* Wales to indicate that the species' breeding range includes Wales
The following codes are used to give status details for those species which are not long-established extant breeding species:
* Ex to indicate a former breeding species, now extinct in Britain (with the year of the last record in brackets)
* RC to indicate that the species is a recent (i.e. post-1990) colonist (with the year of the first British record in brackets, except for Red-veined Darter which has occurred as a migrant and sporadic breeder for many decades)
* V to indicate a species only recorded as a vagrant (with the year of the first record in brackets, except for species with long histories as visitors to Britain)

### Suborder Zygoptera (damselflies)
#### Family Calopterygidae (demoiselles)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Banded demoiselle | Calopteryx splendens | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Beautiful demoiselle | Calopteryx virgo | Eng/Scot/Wales | |

#### Family Lestidae (emerald damselflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Willow emerald damselfly | Chalcolestes viridis | | V (1899) RC (2007) |
| Scarce emerald damselfly | Lestes dryas | Eng | |
| Emerald damselfly | Lestes sponsa | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Southern emerald damselfly | Lestes barbarus | Eng | V (2002) |
| Common winter damselfly | Sympecma fusca | | V (2008) |

#### Family Coenagrionidae (blue, blue-tailed, and red damselflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Small red damselfly | Ceriagrion tenellum | Eng/Wales | |
| Norfolk damselfly | Coenagrion armatum | | Ex (1957) |
| Northern damselfly | Coenagrion hastulatum | Scot | |
| Southern damselfly | Coenagrion mercuriale | Eng/Wales | |
| Azure damselfly | Coenagrion puella | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Variable damselfly | Coenagrion pulchellum | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Dainty damselfly | Coenagrion scitulum | Eng | RC (2010) |
| Common blue damselfly | Enallagma cyathigerum | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Red-eyed damselfly | Erythromma najas | Eng/Wales | |
| Small red-eyed damselfly | Erythromma viridulum | Eng | RC (1999) |
| Blue-tailed damselfly | Ischnura elegans | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Scarce blue-tailed damselfly | Ischnura pumilio | Eng/Wales | |
| Large red damselfly | Pyrrhosoma nymphula | Eng/Scot/Wales | |

#### Family Platycnemididae (white-legged damselflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| White-legged damselfly | Platycnemis pennipes | Eng/Wales | |

### Suborder Anisoptera (dragonflies)
#### Family Gomphidae (club-tailed dragonflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status Code |
| Common clubtail | Gomphus vulgatissimus | Eng/Wales | |
| Yellow-legged dragonfly | Gomphus flavipes | | V (1818) |

#### Family Aeshnidae (hawkers and emperors)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Southern hawker | Aeshna cyanea | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Brown hawker | Aeshna grandis | Eng/Wales | |
| Norfolk hawker | Aeshna isosceles | Eng | |
| Azure hawker | Aeshna caerulea | Scot | |
| Common hawker | Aeshna juncea | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Migrant hawker | Aeshna mixta | Eng/Wales | |
| Southern migrant hawker | Aeshna affinis | | V (1952) ?RC (2012) |
| Emperor | Anax imperator | Eng/Wales | |
| Lesser emperor | Anax parthenope | Eng | RC (1996) |
| Green darner | Anax junius | | V (1998) |
| Hairy dragonfly | Brachytron pratense | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Vagrant emperor | Hemianax ephippiger | | V (1903) |

#### Family Cordulegastridae (golden-ringed dragonflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Golden-ringed dragonfly | Cordulegaster boltonii | Eng/Scot/Wales | |

#### Family Corduliidae (emerald dragonflies)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Downy emerald | Cordulia aenea | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Brilliant emerald | Somatochlora metallica | Eng/Scot | |
| Yellow-spotted emerald | Somatochlora flavomaculata | | V (2018) |
| Northern emerald | Somatochlora arctica | Scot | |
| Orange-spotted emerald | Oxygastra curtisii | | Ex (1963) |

#### Family Libellulidae (chasers, skimmers, and darters)

| Species | Scientific name | Range countries | Status code |
| Broad-bodied chaser | Libellula depressa | Eng/Wales | |
| Scarce chaser | Libellula fulva | Eng | |
| Four-spotted chaser | Libellula quadrimaculata | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Black-tailed skimmer | Orthetrum cancellatum | Eng/Wales | |
| Keeled skimmer | Orthetrum coerulescens | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Scarlet dragonfly | Crocothemis erythraea | | V (1995) |
| Black darter | Sympetrum danae | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Yellow-winged darter | Sympetrum flaveolum | | V |
| Red-veined darter | Sympetrum fonscolombei | Eng | RC |
| Ruddy darter | Sympetrum sanguineum | Eng/Wales | |
| Common darter | Sympetrum striolatum | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Highland darter | Sympetrum striolatum nigrescens | Scot | |
| Vagrant darter | Sympetrum vulgatum | | V |
| Banded darter | Sympetrum pedemontanum | | V (1995) |
| White-faced darter | Leucorrhinia dubia | Eng/Scot/Wales | |
| Large white-faced darter | Leucorrhinia pectoralis | | V (1859) |
| Wandering glider | Pantala flavescens | | V (1823) |