OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (Gotha, 28 November 1774 – Gotha, 11 February 1825), was the last duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.
He was the third but second surviving son of Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Charlotte de Saxe-Meiningen.
After the death of his older brother August without sons (1822), Frederick (the only surviving male of the house) inherited the duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg.
Frederick fought - after military training - in the Napoleonic campaigns and was heavily wounded. As a consequence of these injuries, he was constantly ill until his death. Because of his illness, he traveled for a long time seeking a cure. During these stays outside of his duchy, he left the government in hands of his secret advisor Bernhard August von Lindenau.
He only reigned three years and died unmarried; with him, the line of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg ended. After his death, his lands were repartitioned among his Wettin relations. Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld received Gotha, and changed his title to Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, although the two duchies remained technically separate in a personal union. Altenburg was thereafter ruled by the Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, whose dukedom was transferred to Saxe-Meiningen along with Saxe-Saalfeld, which Saxe-Coburg gave up in return for receiving Saxe-Gotha.

## Ancestors

Ancestors of Frederick IV, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg :
# Sporobolus heterolepis

Sporobolus heterolepis, commonly known as prairie dropseed, is a species of prairie grass native to the tallgrass and mixed grass prairies of central North America from Texas to southern Canada. It is also found further east, to the Atlantic coast of the United States and Canada, but is much less common beyond the Great Plains and is restricted to specialized habitats. It is found in 27 states and four Canadian provinces.

## Description

Prairie dropseed is a perennial bunchgrass whose mound of leaves is typically from 1 to 2 ft (30 to 60 cm) high and 2 to 3 ft (60 to 90 cm) across. Its flowering stems (culms) grow from 1+1⁄2 to 3 ft (45 to 90 cm) tall, extending above the leaves.
The flower cluster is an airy panicle 3 to 8 in (8 to 20 cm) long with many branches. They terminate in small spikelets, which each contain a single fertile floret. When it blooms, the floret has three reddish anthers and a short feathery stigma. If it is pollinated, the floret produces a nearly round seed 1.5 to 2.0 mm (0.06 to 0.08 in) long.
At the base of the spikelet are two bracts (glumes), one of them 4 to 6 mm (0.16 to 0.24 in) long and the other 2 to 4 mm (0.08 to 0.16 in) long. The bracts each are long and tapered, with sharply pointed tips. Around the floret are a lemma and palea, each about 3.5 to 5.5 mm (0.14 to 0.22 in) long, though the palea is sometimes longer than the lemma.
Prairie dropseed is a fine-textured grass with long, narrow leaves that arch outward, forming attractive, round tufts. The leaves range in color from a rich green hue in summer to a golden rust color in the fall. Foliage is resilient enough to resist flattening by snow, so it provides year-round interest. From late July to mid-September, the grass blooms with rusty-tan flowers that rise 30 to 36 in (760 to 910 mm) in height.
It occurs in a wide range of soils, doing well in moist to dry conditions. It is much less common in wetlands.

## Ecology

It is a larval host to the Poweshiek skipper.

## Uses

The grass is cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens because of its attractive bunchgrass form. Because of its drought tolerance, it has been used on green roofs. The seedhead is sometimes described as having the vague scent of fresh popcorn, cilantro, or sunflower seeds.
Prairie dropseed is also used for roadside revegetation and prairie restoration projects. It is difficult to establish by direct seeding. Transplanting greenhouse-grown seedlings is a more effective method of establishing it.
Native Americans ground the seeds of the grass to make flour, and many species of birds eat the seeds.
# Aldridge to Brownhills Branch

The Aldridge to Brownhills Branch was a railway line opened by the Midland Railway in 1876 and completed in 1880, linking Aldridge with Brownhills Watling Street and the Cannock coal fields in Staffordshire as part of the Midland Railway branches around Walsall. The line was also linked to the South Staffordshire Line by a branch between Walsall Wood and Pelsall, Brownhills was also served by a station on the South Staffordshire line.

## Closure

The line was closed in stages, losing its passenger stations in 1930. The first section of the line to completely close was between Walsall Wood and Brownhills in 1960. The rest of the line was closed in 1962 and finally lifted in 1965 around the same time as the closure of Aldridge station on the Sutton Park Line. Very little remains of the branch or its stations today.
# Khuiten River

Khuiten River is a small, relatively swift-flowing but meandering river that drains part of the Altai Mountains into western Mongolia's Khoton Lake south of the Biluut Hills. It runs through a sheltered valley of rugged grassland used by nomads for pasturing.
# Ugljevik coal mine

The Ugljevik Coal Mine also known as Bogutovo Coal Mine (Bogutovo Selo [hr]) is an open-pit coal mine located in the Republika Srpska. The mine has coal reserves amounting to 336.1 million tonnes of lignite, one of the largest coal reserves in Europe and the world. The mine has an annual production capacity of 0.8 million tonnes of coal.
# Lai Zehua

Lai Zehua (Chinese: 赖泽华; born September 1965) is a former Chinese politician who spent his entire career in his home-province Guangdong. As of May 2023 he was under investigation by China's top anti-corruption agency. Previously he served as party branch secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Ecology and Environment Department.
Born in Zijin County, Guangdong, he worked in government after college in 1988. He was mayor of Zhaoqing in 2015, party secretary and chairman of the People's Congress in 2016, and eventually party secretary of Zhongshan and chairman of the People's Congress in 2019.
He was a representative of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Early life and education

Lai was born in Zijin County, Guangdong, in September 1965. In 1984, he enrolled at Sun Yat-sen University, where he majored in law.

## Career

He began his political career in 1988, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in September 1990.
He started his career from Heyuan Municipal People's Government Office after university in 1988. In May 2004 he was admitted to member of the CCP Heyuan Municipal Committee, the city's top authority, and was promoted to vice mayor in January 2012. In February 2015, he was named acting mayor of Zhaoqing, confirmed in April that same year. He rose to become party secretary, the top political position in the city, in March 2016. He concurrently served as chairman of Zhaoqing Municipal People's Congress. In October 2019, he was appointed party secretary of Zhongshan, concurrently serving as chairman of the People's Congress. He was chosen as party branch secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Ecology and Environment Department in October 2021.

## Downfall

On 12 May 2023, he was suspected of "serious violations of laws and regulations" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China.
# Leptocoelotes

Leptocoelotes is a genus of East Asian funnel weavers first described by X. P. Wang in 2002. As of April 2019 it contains only two species.
# Levenson

Levenson is a surname. It may be a variant of the Scottish surname Livingstone. The Livingstone are a Scottish branch of the Irish Dunleavy/MacNulty royals. Levenson (and Levinson, Levinsohn, etc.) may also be a Jewish surname, meaning "son of Levi" - referring to one of the twelve tribes in Israel. Levenson may refer to:
* Alan Levenson, American Jewish scholar
* Arthur Levenson (1914–2007), American cryptographer who worked at Bletchley Park during World War II
* Barry Levenson, American blues musician and record producer
* Barton Paul Levenson (born 1960), American science fiction writer
* Boris Levenson (1884–1947), Romanian composer
* Bruce Levenson (born 1949), American businessman and philanthropist
* Christopher Levenson (born 1934), Canadian poet
* Claude B. Levenson (1938–2010), French journalist and writer
* Dan Levenson (artist) (born 1972), American contemporary artist
* Dan Levenson (musician) (born c. 1955), American musician and storyteller
* Ellie Levenson (born 1978), British journalist
* Emanuel Levenson (1916–1998), American classical musician
* Fredrick Levenson (1945–2012), American author and psychoanalyst
* Gavan Levenson (born 1953), South African golfer
* Jeanine Levenson, known as Jeanine Tesori (born 1961), American composer of musicals
* Jill Levenson, American social worker
* Jon D. Levenson, American Hebrew Bible scholar
* Joseph R. Levenson (1920–1969), American historian
* Laurie Levenson (born 1956), American lawyer and professor
* Mark Levenson, American musical director
* Noah Levenson (born 1981), American computer programmer and writer
* Robert Levenson (1897–1961), American lyricist
* Sam Levenson (1911–1980), American humorist, writer, television host and journalist
* Silvia Levenson (born 1957), Argentine glass artist and activist
* Stan Levenson (1938–2016), Canadian sprinter
* Steven Levenson (born 1984), American playwright and television writer
* Thomas Levenson, American science writer and academic
# Paragomphus lacustris

Paragomphus lacustris is a species of dragonfly in the family Gomphidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and possibly Uganda. Its natural habitat is freshwater lakes.
# Stewart Maiden

Stewart Maiden (February 13, 1886 – November 4, 1948) was the head golf professional at East Lake Golf Club in Atlanta, Georgia. He was best known for teaching grand slam winning golfer Bobby Jones.

## Early life

Maiden was a native of Carnoustie, Scotland, and followed his brother James Maiden to the United States, succeeding him as the head professional at East Lake Golf Club in 1908. Maiden was the son of James Maiden and Elspeth Maiden née McLean. His father James worked as a payroll clerk at a metal foundry in Carnoustie.

## Golf career

Along with Jones, Maiden is known for teaching other golfers such as Watts Gunn and Alexa Stirling. Maiden made Jones his first set of matched clubs. As a young boy, Jones followed Maiden around the course at East Lake and fashioned his swing after the professional. In 1919 Maiden left East Lake, having been replaced by Willie Ogg, to accept a post as professional at the St. Louis Country Club in Ladue, Missouri.
Jones said about Maiden later in his life, "The best luck that I ever had in golf was when Stewart Maiden came from Carnoustie to be pro at the East Lake Club. Stewart had the finest and soundest style I have ever seen. Naturally I did not know this at the time, but I grew up swinging like him. I imitated his style, like a monkey I suppose".
Maiden opened an indoor golf school in New York in 1930 and then returned to Atlanta to become the first professional at the then newly opened Peachtree Golf Club in 1948.

## Death and legacy

Maiden died on November 4, 1948, in Atlanta, Georgia. Harvey Penick said of Maiden: "I've always said the best golf teacher of all has to be Stewart Maiden."
# Sporobolus durus

Sporobolus durus was a species of grass in the family Poaceae, found only on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic. It is extinct due to overgrazing and displacement by invasive weeds. Its date of extinction is unknown; it was last recorded in 1886 but not searched for, specifically, until 1998.
# Khujadze

Khujadze (Georgian: ხუჯაძე) is a Georgian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dato Khujadze (born 1975), Georgian singer
* Shalva Khujadze (born 1975), Georgian footballer
# Upper Crystal Creek

Upper Crystal Creek is a town located in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia, in the Tweed Shire.

## Demographics

In the 2011 census, Upper Crystal Creek recorded a population of 187 people, 51.9% female and 48.1% male.
The median age of the Upper Crystal Creek population was 46 years, 9 years above the national median of 37.
78.1% of people living in Upper Crystal Creek were born in Australia. The other top responses for country of birth were England 5.3%, Germany 3.2%, Zimbabwe 2.1%, New Zealand 2.1%, Italy 1.6%, 12.2% other countries.
88.2% of people spoke only English at home; the next most common languages were 2.1% Finnish, 1.6% German, 1.6% French, 1.6% Italian, 1.6% Spanish, 6.9% other languages.
# Pyrrharctia

Pyrrharctia is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae described by Packard in 1864. The species are known from North and Central America.

## Species

* Pyrrharctia isabellaPyrrharctia isabella (Smith, 1797) – isabella tiger moth
* Pyrrharctia genini (Debauche, 1938)
# NK Kurilovec

NK Kurilovec are a football team from Velika Gorica currently playing in the Treća HNL.
Kurilovec changed their name from NK Udarnik Kurilovec in 2018 after the town of Kurilovec became a part of Velika Gorica.
Udarnik were promoted to the Croatian third league in 2017 after winning the 4th division title by ten points. It is their second appearance in the third division.
They appeared in the 2003-04 Croatian Cup, losing in the preliminary round.
The club has a football school for children. They organise the Alpas Cup for under-11s, which features teams from all over Europe.

## Current squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | GK | CRO | Matija Halilić |
| — | GK | CRO | Leon Išek |
| — | DF | CRO | Ivan Bolješić |
| — | DF | CRO | Tomislav Grdenić |
| — | DF | CRO | Marko Kušec |
| — | DF | CRO | Ante Radoš |
| — | DF | CRO | Albin Saiti |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | DF | BIH | Mijo Šarić |
| — | DF | CRO | Stjepan Završki |
| — | MF | CRO | Habib Alili |
| — | MF | CRO | Antonio Bakula |
| — | MF | CRO | Marin Matoš |
| — | MF | NGA | Musa Ugbede |
| — | FW | CRO | Filip Župetić |

## Personnel

| Position | Staff |
| Manager | Senad Harambašić |
| Fitness coach | Ivan Zagorec |
# Levanger-Avisa

Levanger-Avisa is a regional newspaper in Norway. The newspaper was founded in 1848 and it is Norway's fifth-oldest newspaper. It is part of Adresseavisen Media Group. The publisher is a company with the same name, Levanger-Avisa AS. Levanger-Avisa became the Local Newspaper of the Year in Norway in 1999.
# George Logan (soccer)

George Logan (c. 1933 – April 19, 2009) was a collegiate soccer head coach. From 1968 to 1981, he served as the first head men's soccer coach at San Diego State University, where he compiled a 148-48-17(.735) record. His winning percentage ranks 16th all-time among NCAA Division 1 coaches. In 14 seasons, he never had a losing season.
He was also a very successful high school soccer coach. He coached at Valhalla High School near San Diego, where he compiled a 298-74-37 record in 16 seasons. The team reached the San Diego Section championship game eight times, winning it five times. Between 1987 and 1990, Valhalla went on a 53-match unbeaten streak. Valhalla won 10 league titles and made the playoffs 15 times.
He died April 19, 2009, at age 76.
# Stevens Institute of Business and Arts

Stevens - The Institute of Business and Arts (SIBA) is a private for-profit college in St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1947, it offers associate and bachelor's degrees.

## History

Stevens – The Institute of Business & Arts got its start in 1947 as the St. Louis affiliate of Patricia Stevens, a modeling and “finishing” school for young women. Patricia Stevens herself was a working fashion model, and there were many schools bearing her name around the country, but the one in St. Louis was operated by the Klute family. In addition to modeling and comportment classes, young women could also take courses that would aid in them in the post-WWII work world – think secretarial skills.
Over the years, Patricia Stevens’ catalog of offerings expanded to include not just short-term certificate and diploma programs, but also Associates and bachelor's degrees. The school's longest-running programs, which are still among its most popular, are the Retail Management/Fashion Merchandising and the Interior Design programs. One other major change to this once-all-girls college was the addition of men. The school now functions as a completely co-educational environment.

## Campus

In 2010, the school moved to its new, permanent location on Washington Avenue in the city's revitalized garment district. The building, originally built in 1917 for the George E Keith shoe factory underwent a $3 million renovation. The 24,000+ square foot campus is located at 1521 Washington Avenue and situated in the heart of the St. Louis Loft district, within walking distance of attractions such as the City Museum, the main branch of the St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis University Law Library, and numerous parks, coffee shops, boutiques, and restaurants. The campus is accessible by public transportation, and there are a number of public parking lots close by. The interior of the building was designed specifically for Siba's needs, and provides ample space for instruction, study, and social interaction.

## Organization and administration

Siba is an independent, proprietary institution owned and operated by BGB Associates, LLC, a registered Missouri corporation. The sole shareholder is Cynthia Musterman. The college is organized and authorized to conduct its operation in accordance with the laws of the State of Missouri.
Siba works on a rolling admissions system, and all application materials submitted for admission must be on file no later than one week prior to final registration for the beginning of a term. The school runs on a quarterly basis and has enrollments in the Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall.
# Alejandra Carrión

Alejandra Mitchelle Carrión Hernández (born November 5, 1996) is a Puerto Rican footballer who plays as a midfielder. She has been a member of the Puerto Rico women's national team.

## International career

Carrión capped for Puerto Rico at senior level during the 2016 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Championship.
# Ugle

Ugle may refer to:

## People

* Gerald Ugle (born 1993), Australian rules footballer
* Keren Ugle (born 1979), Australian rules footballer
* Kirk Ugle (born 1992), Australian rules footballer
* Troy Ugle (born 1968), Australian rules footballer
* Jamarra Ugle-Hagan (born 2002), Australian rules footballer

## Other uses

* Provincial Grand Lodges (UGLE), administrative subdivision of a Grand Lodge
* United Grand Lodge of England, Masonic lodge
# Puschkinia peshmenii

Puschkinia peshmenii is a bulbous perennial from Turkey and Iran, producing flowers in shades of green in spring.

## Description

Puschkinia peshmenii grows from a bulb about 2 cm (0.8 in) across. Each bulb produces one or two linear green leaves, up to 13–22 cm (5.1–8.7 in) long and 5–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide. The flowers are produced in a fairly open raceme (spike), with usually four to nine flowers, but occasionally as few as two. At flowering time the raceme is either the same length as the leaves or less. Individual flowers are borne on short pedicels (stalks), up to 7 mm (0.3 in) long and are turned downwards. The flower has six greenish tepals, with a free part about 7–10 mm (0.3–0.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.1 in) wide, fused at the base into a tube about 3–4 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long. A characteristic of the genus Puschkinia is that the filaments of the stamens are fused to form a "cup" or "corona".
P. peshmenii has been found in extreme south-eastern Turkey, in the provinces of Van and Hakkâri, where it grows on rocky hillsides, often near late melting patches of snow, at around 1,800 m (5,900 ft), flowering in May. It has also been recorded from western Iran.

## Systematics

The species was named in 2007 by Martyn Rix and Brian Mathew. The specific epithet peshmenii commemorates the Turkish botanist Hasan Peşmen (1939–1980), who discovered the species in 1974, and was later killed in a road accident. Formerly the genus Puschkinia was considered to contain only a single variable species, P. scilloides. Among other differences, P. peshmenii has green rather than blue flowers, which open when the leaves are well developed rather than when they have only just emerged, consistent with its flowering some weeks later when both species are grown together in cultivation.

## Cultivation

The species is rare in cultivation, but has been grown since the mid-1970s in a bulb frame in the south of England, where it has persisted but increased only very slowly.
# Sir Robert Barker, 1st Baronet

Brigadier-General Sir Robert Barker, 1st Baronet, FRS (1732 – 14 September 1789) was a British Army officer who served in the Seven Years' War and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1774 to 1780. He served as Commander-in-Chief, India between 1770 and 1773.

## Military career

Barker was the eldest son of Robert Barker M.D., of Hammersmith, and his wife Hannah Whitehead. He went to India in 1749 and in 1757, during the Seven Years' War, commanded the artillery at the Capture of Chandannagar and at the Battle of Plassey. In 1762 he went on an expedition to Manila in the Philippines. He was knighted on 16 January 1764.
Two years later he returned to India to protect the Nawab wazir of Oudh Shuja-ud-Daula. In 1769 he became Commander-in-Chief, India he became likewise provincial commander-in-chief in Bengal to the great disgust of Sir Richard Fletcher.
However he exceeded his authority by committing the East India Company to guaranteeing a treaty and by confronting a possible Maratha Empire invasion. He resigned in 1773: Colonel Champion, who succeeded him, had to conduct the first Rohilla war.
Barker returned to England becoming member of parliament for Wallingford in 1774. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1775. In 1781 he was created a baronet, of Bushbridge in the County of Surrey. Barker's ability as an officer won him the friendship and esteem of Clive.

## Family

In 1780 he married Anne Hallows: they had no children. They lived at Bushbridge near Godalming in Surrey.

## Works

Besides the Thermometrical Observations published by the Royal Society, Barker also contributed Observations on a Voyage from Madras to England, 1774, and The Process of Making Ice in the East Indies to volume lxv., and an Account of an Observatory of the Brahmins at Benares to volume lxvii. of the Philosophical Transactions.