OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Francis D. Morley

Francis David Morley (born 1966) is a retired United States Navy vice admiral who served as the Principal Military Deputy to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research, Development and Acquisition) from 2021 to 2024. He most recently served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the United States Navy for International Programs from 2016 to 2021. Previously, he was the Vice Commander of the Naval Air Systems Command from 2015 to 2016.
Raised in Phoenix, Arizona, Morley earned a B.S. degree in physics from San Diego State University. Designated a naval aviator, he also graduated from the United States Naval Test Pilot School. Morley later received an M.S. degree in aviation systems from the University of Tennessee as well as National Security Studies and International Security from George Washington University and Harvard Kennedy School of Government respectively.
# Biacore

Biacore was a life science products company based in Sweden. In June 2006 Biacore was sold for $390 million and became a product brand under GE Healthcare life Sciences, which became Cytiva in April 2020.
Biacore products measure biomolecular interactions, including protein-protein interactions, small molecule/fragment-protein interactions, etc. Its technology is often used to measure not only binding affinities, but kinetic rate constants and thermodynamics as well. The technology is based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an optical phenomenon that enables detection of unlabeled interactants in real time. The SPR-based biosensors can be used in determination of active concentration as well as characterization of molecular interactions in terms of both affinity and chemical kinetics.

## History

Biacore was founded in 1984 under the name of Pharmacia Biosensor AB, by researchers from Pharmacia, Linköping Institute of Technology and the Swedish National Defence Research Institute (FOA, now renamed the Swedish Defence Research Agency or FOI). The first Biacore SPR instrument was commercially released in 1990. In 1996 the company changed its name to Biacore AB Corporation.

## Technology

A simple interaction experiment involves immobilizing one molecule of a binding pair on the sensor chip surface ("ligand", in Biacore parlance) and injecting a series of concentrations of its partner ("analyte") across the surface. Changes in the index of refraction at the surface where the binding interaction occurs are detected by the hardware and recorded as RU (resonance units) in the control software. Curves are generated from the RU trace and are evaluated by fitting algorithms which compare the raw data to well-defined binding models. These fits allow determination of a variety of thermodynamic constants, including the apparent affinity of the binding interaction. SPR is one of many methods for protein-protein and protein-ligand interaction assessment, see Methods to investigate protein–protein interactions.
# Grzegorz Bała

Grzegorz Bała (born 18 October 1971) is a Polish footballer who plays as a striker for Unifreeze Górzno.

## Early life

He is a native of Górzno, Poland. He has been nicknamed "Bałer".

## Career

He started his career with Polish side Sparta Brodnica. In 1995, he signed for Polish side Zawisza Bydgoszcz. In 1997, he returned to Polish side Sparta Brodnica. In 2000, he signed for Finnish side RoPS. In 2001, he returned to Polish side Sparta Brodnica. In 2002, he signed for Polish side Aluminium Konin. In 2003, he signed for Polish side Ceramika Opoczno. In 2004, he signed for Polish side Drwęca Nowe Miasto Lubawskie. In 2006, he returned to Polish side Sparta Brodnica. In 2007, he signed for Polish side Rodło Kwidzyn. In 2008, he returned to Polish side Sparta Brodnica. He helped the club achieve promotion. In 2011, he returned to Polish side Drwęca Nowe Miasto Lubawskie. In 2014, he signed for Polish side Naprzód Jabłonowo Pomorskie. In 2016, he returned to Polish side Sparta Brodnica.

## Personal life

He is married, and has a son and a daughter.
# Mustafa Ahmed Hassan Hamza

Mustafa Hamza (born 1956) is an Egyptian commander of the military branch of the al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya. He was sentenced to death in absentia by an Egyptian court in the Returnees from Afghanistan case. It is believed he took part in the 1981 assassination of Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat, the attempted assassination of President Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa in June 1995. He was in Iran until May 2004, when he was extradited to Egypt. He was pardoned in 2012. In November 2017, Swiss TV reported that Mustafa Hamza is being held in Tora Prison and has been in detention for three years. His advocate, Adel Moawad, reportedly expected Hamza to be released in 2018 due to lack of evidence.
Hamza is also known to go by the aliases Abu Hazem, Mohamed Gamal El-Sayed, Mohamed Gamal El-Sayed Ali Khalil.
# Baton sinister

The baton sinister (alternatively baston) is a charge used in heraldry.

## Heraldic charge

It is a diminutive of the bend sinister and constitutes a narrow strip that runs from the upper right to the lower left of a coat of arms. Sinister (meaning left in Latin) is merely a directional indicator, and does not carry the negative connotations of the word in modern English.
It is commonly believed to be an indicator of an illegitimate birth in the family line, and is used in this way in literary contexts. However, in medieval England, there was no single mark of difference for bastardy. Until the late fourteenth century, the same marks of cadency were used for both illegitimate and legitimate children, but thereafter the arms of some bastards took the form of a plain or party field with their fathers' arms on a figure such as a bend, fess, chief, chevron or quarter.
The baton sinister can be seen in the arms of the Duke of Grafton, descended from an illegitimate son of King Charles II of England. Today, the College of Arms in England uses a bordure wavy to mark an armiger as illegitimate. The Court of the Lord Lyon in Scotland uses a bordure compony to denote the same.
# Peace House (disambiguation)

The Peace House, or House of Peace, is a building on the South Korean side of the Korean Demilitarized Zone. It may also refer to:

## Buildings

* Peace House (New York City)
* House of Peace Synagogue in Columbia, South Carolina
* Beit HaShalom (lit from Hebrew House of Peace), a four-story apartment building in Hebron
* Domus Pacis (lit from Latin House of Peace), a pilgrim guest house at the Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima in Fátima, Portugal
# Piddington

Piddington may refer to:
* Piddington (surname)
* Piddington, Buckinghamshire
* Piddington, Northamptonshire
** Piddington railway station
** Piddington Roman Villa
* Piddington, Oxfordshire
* Piddington and Wheeler End
* Mount Piddington
# Interest-driven activities

Interest-driven activities are activities in which participants create and share content, in contrast to merely consuming content.
Interest-driven activities are distinct from purely political networks as well as purely social, friendship-driven activities, such as using social networks.

## Rates of interest-driven activities

About one-third of youth surveyed in 2011 engage in interest-driven activities on a weekly basis. These activities include posting comments, reviews and critiques, create one's own media to share online, and giving help or suggestions to others.

## Link to civic engagement

Youth engaged in interest-driven activities online are simultaneously gaining "knowledge, skills, and networks, or what we call digital social capital, which increases their levels of political activity." Research has found that Interest-driven communities offer youth compelling reasons to connect, create, and collaborate, and may serve as valuable entry points for civic educators.
Youth participation in such non-political, interest-driven communities has been found to be a strong predictor of their civic participation.16 Young people who are highly involved in interest-driven communities are more likely to volunteer, fundraise for a cause, and work together to solve community problems. Those who are heavily involved in nonpolitical interest-driven activities are "more than five times as likely to engage in participatory politics and nearly four times as likely to participate in all political acts as those infrequently involved in such activities." This survey controlled for demographic, socioeconomic, and attitudinal characteristics.
Other researchers have posited that this linkage could be the result of the peer-to-peer exchange and mentorship common in such participatory cultures.

## Exposure to diversity of ideas

Youth report that non-political, interest-driven participation exposes them to more diverse perspectives on civic and political issues, even though that is not the goal of the communities in question. A study investigating the same question with adults found a majority of those engaged in online sports, entertainment, and hobby communities exchange political views, and are most likely to be exposed to divergent views.
# Austral (1881)

Austral was a passenger ship built by John Elder & Co., Govan and launched on 21 December 1881 for the Orient Steam Navigation Company, Glasgow. She was used in the passenger route trade to Australia.
She sank at her mooring in Neutral Bay, off Kirribilli Point in Sydney Harbour on 11 November 1882. Five crew were killed in the incident. The ship was refloated on 1 March 1883. She subsequently sailed to Glasgow for refit.
She was chartered to Anchor Line for 7 months during 1884 for the Liverpool to New York passenger route arriving back at Neutral Bay in 1885.

## Fate

Austral arrived for breaking up at Genoa on 27 May 1903.
# Pandolfo Reschi

Pandolfo Reschi (1643–1699) was a painter who was born at Danzig (now Gdańsk) and active in Italy.
He moved to Italy when he was young, and became one of the ablest pupils of Giacomo Borgognone. He painted battle-pieces and imitated the landscapes of Salvator Rosa. He also excelled in painting perspective and architectural views (quadratura).
# Biadacz

Biadacz refers to the following places in Poland:
* Biadacz, Kluczbork County
* Biadacz, Opole County
# Asset (computer security)

In information security, computer security and network security, an asset is any data, device, or other component of the environment that supports information-related activities. Assets generally include hardware (e.g. servers and switches), software (e.g. mission critical applications and support systems) and confidential information. Assets should be protected from illicit access, use, disclosure, alteration, destruction, and/or theft, resulting in loss to the organization.

## The CIA triad

The goal of information security is to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA) of assets from various threats. For example, a hacker might attack a system in order to steal credit card numbers by exploiting a vulnerability. Information Security experts must assess the likely impact of an attack and employ appropriate countermeasures. In this case they might put up a firewall and encrypt their credit card numbers.

## Risk analysis

When performing risk assessment, it is important to weigh how much to spend protecting each asset against the cost of losing the asset. It is also important to take into account the chance of each loss occurring. Intangible costs must also be factored in. If a hacker makes a copy of all a company's credit card numbers it does not cost them anything directly but the loss in fines and reputation can be enormous.
# My Way or the Highway (Guitar Shorty album)

My Way or the Highway is the first major studio album released by blues guitarist Guitar Shorty (David Kearney), even though he had been in the business since the 1950s. The album is credited to "Guitar Shorty & The Otis Grand Blues Band"; it was at the behest and producing of Grand that Shorty made the record.
It was first released in 1991 on CD by the label JSP and was subsequently re-released in 1999 and 2005. Also, the tracks "Red Hot Mama" and "No Educated Woman" would later appear on Shorty's compilation album, The Best of Guitar Shorty, in 2006.

## Track listing

* "No Educated Woman" (Kearney) — 6:03
* "You Gave Me the Blues Baby" (Kearney) — 5:46
* "Shorty Jumps In" (Grand, Kearney) — 6:14
* "Down Through the Years" (Kearney) — 5:32
* "Red Hot Mama" (Kearney) — 3:23
* "Hot and Saucy, Short and Grand" (Grand, Kearney) — 6:39
* "It's Too Late" (Kearney) — 11:30
* "Kick Out" (Grand, Kearney) — 6:41
* "My Way or the Highway" (Kearney) — 5:57

## Personnel

Band:
* Tony Ashton — organ (Hammond)
* Peter Beck — saxophone (alto, tenor)
* Buzz Brown — harmonica
* Otis Grand — guitar, producer
* Guitar Shorty — guitar, vocals
* Mike Hobart — saxophone (baritone)
* Dan Quinton — bass
* Daniel Strittmatter — drums
Production:
* Martin Atkinson — mixing
* Norman Darwen, John Stedman — liner notes

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings | |
Allmusic proclaims that the "acrobatic guitarist informed everyone he was alive and lively with this one." Shorty's playing is greatly enhanced by Grand; The Penguin Guide to Blues Recordings comments that they both perform well due to the "diversity of the material."
# Tapoides

Tapoides is a monotypic plant genus in the family Euphorbiaceae. The sole species is Tapoides villamilii. It is endemic to Borneo. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.
# Pierre Delaval

Pierre Delaval is a French cross-country skier. He represented France at the 1984 Winter Paralympics and at the 1988 Winter Paralympics, both held in Innsbruck, Austria.
At the 1984 Winter Paralympics, he won the gold medal both at the Men's Middle Distance 10 km LW5/7 and Men's Short Distance 5 km LW5/7 events.
At the 1988 Winter Paralympics, he won the gold medal at the Men's Short Distance 5 km LW5/7 event. He also won the silver medal at the Men's Long Distance 15 km LW5/7 event.
# Diphyllobothrium elegans

Diphyllobothrium elegans is a species of tapeworms. It has been found in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata).
# Austral 20 (catamaran)

Austral 20 was a 6 m (20 ft) catamaran produced by Charles Cunningham in Australia in the early 1960s period of experimentation.
It was apparently produced in reasonable numbers by Charles himself.
   By now I was earning a proper wage and I wanted to build my own trimaran. For someone who had never made anything more difficult than a doorstop, this was a major decision. I reckoned that I could rely on Lockie and other yachtie friends to advise me on boatbuilding, and save a lot of time by purchasing a ready-made main hull. But who made stock trimaran hulls? No-one, of course; but Charles Cunningham was turning out fibreglass shells for his 6-metre Austral 20 catamaran. I bought one of these, decked it with plywood, built timber-and-ply crossbeams and floats to Lockie's design and fabricated much of the hardware from stainless-steel plate.
# Pandor

Pandor is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Danesh Pandor, actor who starred in Agent Raghav – Crime Branch
* Dominique Pandor (born 1993), Martiniquais footballer
* Miriam Pandor (1924-2016), German dancer and choreographer
* Naledi Pandor (born 1953), South African academic and politician
* Solly Pandor (1957/58-2016), Zambian football manager
* Yannick Pandor (born 2001), French footballer
# Frank Morrissey (baseball)

Michael Joseph Morrissey (May 5, 1876 – February 22, 1939), known as Frank and nicknamed "Deacon," was a pitcher in Major League Baseball in the early twentieth century. Morrissey appeared in a total of six games as a pitcher in 1901 and 1902, five of which were as a member of the Chicago Orphans. He compiled a 1–3 record with fourteen strikeouts in his six appearances. The Orphans also used him as a third baseman in two games in 1902.
# Hold Tight (Change song)

"Hold Tight" is a 1981 single by Change from the LP entitled Miracles. The single's vocals were sung by Diva Gray. Along with the songs "Paradise" and "Heaven of My Life", it became a number one single on the US dance chart for five weeks. It was also the second single released from "Miracles," as "Hold Tight" peaked at number 40 on Billboard's Soul Chart, and number 89 on the Billboard Hot 100.

## Track listing
### 7" Single

* A Hold Tight 3:43
* B Stop For Love 3:50

### 12" Single

* A Hold Tight (Vocal / Long Version) 4:23
* B Hold Tight (Vocal / Short Version) 3:43

## Chart positions

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 89 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Club Play | 1 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | 40 |
# Gue

The gue is an extinct type of two-stringed bowed lyre or zither from the Shetland Isles. The instrument was described in 1809 by Arthur Edmondston in View of the Ancient and Present State of the Zetland Islands:
   "Before violins were introduced, the musicians performed on an instrument called a gue, which appears to have had some similarity to the violin, but had only two strings of horse hair, and was played upon in the same manner as a violoncello."
The exact details of the gue are unclear, but it possibly resembled extinct bowed lyres such as the Norwegian giga, or the extant Swedish and Estonian talharpa or Finnish jouhikko. However, other ethnomusicologists believe the gue more resembled the Icelandic fiðla, a two-stringed bowed zither. Peter Cooke notes the prevalence of the tautirut bowed zither among the Inuit peoples in areas of Canada influenced by Orkney and Shetland sailors, as possible evidence that the Inuit bowed zither is based on a Shetland model.
The first person to recreate the Shetland gue for modern musicians was instrument maker and musician Corwen Broch of Ancient Music, who began making them in 2007. What he freely admits is a tentative reconstruction made initially for the purposes of experimental music archaeology was based largely on Scandinavian bowed lyre design and the surviving written descriptions as discussed in the works of Otto Andersson. In 2009, Corwen was commissioned to make a reconstruction for the Shetland Museum. In 2012, luthier Michael J. King asked to use Corwen's design in a CD-rom of instrument plans. So far all subsequent interpretations of the instrument by other makers draw heavily on Corwen Broch's initial design.
# Shuichiro Osada

Shuichiro Osada (長田 秀一郎, Osada Shuichirō, born May 6, 1980 in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan) is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays pitcher for the Niigata Albirex Baseball Club.
# Bascov

Bascov is a commune in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Bascov, Brăileni, Glâmbocu, Mica, Prislopu Mic, Schiau, Uiasca, and Valea Ursului.
The commune lies on the Getic Plateau [ro], an area of foothills leading up to the Southern Carpathians. It is located 7 km (4.3 mi) northwest of Pitești, on the river Bascov, as it discharges into the Argeș.
The Liga III football club ACS Unirea Bascov is located here.
A massacre took place in Bascov in August 2022, when five members of the same family were killed by a relative.
# Paul Rickards

Paul Edward Rickards (June 30, 1926 – July 26, 1999) was an American football player.
Rickards was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in 1926, and attended Wheeling High School. He was selected as the quarterback on the All-West Virginia team and also received all-state honors in basketball and excelled in track and field as a hurdler.
He enrolled at the University of Pittsburgh in the fall of 1944 and, as an 18-year-old freshman, became the starting quarterback of the 1944 Pittsburgh Panthers football team. He led the NCAA in passing yardage in 1944 with 997 yards.
Less than a week after the 1944 season ended, Rickards was inducted into the Army Air Force.
Rickards was discharged in the fall of 1946. He announced in November 1946 that he would return to the University of Pittsburgh at the midterm break. After two years away from the game, Rickards returned to Pitt for the 1947 season. He had trouble adjusting to coach Mike Milligan's single-wing and saw little playing time in 1947.
In August 1948, after an unsuccessful tryout with the Cleveland Browns, Rickards signed with the Los Angeles Rams. As the Rams had Pro Football Hall of Famer Bob Waterfield as their starting quarterback, Rickards appeared in only three games as a backup with the Rams. He completed two of two pass attempt for four yards. He also had two carries for 21 rushing yards.
In July 1949, Rickards was the first player signed by the Richmond Rebels of the new American Football League. He competed with Ben Raimondi for the starting job at quarterback. During the 1949 and 1950 seasons, he appeared in 17 games for the Rebels, compiling a total of 1,928 passing yards and 28 touchdown passes.
# Pierre Delanoë

Pierre Charles Marcel Napoléon Leroyer (16 December 1918 – 27 December 2006), known professionally as Pierre Delanoë (French pronunciation:), was a French lyricist who wrote thousands of songs for dozens of singers, including Dalida, Edith Piaf, Charles Aznavour, Petula Clark, Johnny Hallyday, Joe Dassin, Michel Sardou and Mireille Mathieu.

## Career

Pierre Leroyer was born in Paris. For his professional career, he adopted his grandmother's maiden name Delanoë. After obtaining a law degree, he began a career as a tax collector, and later a tax inspector. After World War II, he met Gilbert Bécaud and began working as a lyricist. For a period, he even performed alongside Bécaud in clubs. They penned some of France's best loved songs, including "Et maintenant", translated into English as "What Now My Love", which was covered by artists including Agnetha Fältskog, Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, Barbra Streisand, the Supremes, Sonny & Cher, Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass and the Temptations. "Je t'appartiens" ("Let It Be Me") was covered by the Everly Brothers, Tom Jones, Bob Dylan, Willie Nelson, Nina Simone and Nofx. "Crois-moi ça durera" was covered as "You'll See" by Nat King Cole.
In addition to Bécaud, Delanoë wrote for Édith Piaf ("La Goualante du pauvre Jean"), Tino Rossi, Hugues Aufray, Michel Fugain ("Je n'aurai pas le temps", "Une belle histoire"), Nicoletta, Nana Mouskouri, Michel Polnareff, Gérard Lenorman ("La Ballade des gens heureux"), Joe Dassin ("L'Été indien", "Les Champs-Élysées", "Et si tu n'existais pas"), Nicole Rieu ("Et bonjour à toi l'artiste") and Michel Sardou ("Les Vieux Mariés", "Le France"). He wrote a passionate song about Joan of Arc in "La demoiselle d'Orléans" for Mireille Mathieu. The final lyric: "When I think of all I have given France... and she has forgotten me" was truly how the singer felt as she was made a caricature by Communists.
The song "Dors, mon amour", performed by André Claveau, for which Delanoë only wrote the music, and went on to win the Eurovision Song Contest 1958.
In 1955, Delanoë was involved as Director of Programs in the launch of Europe 1, the first French radio station to program popular music in a modern way.
He served as President of SACEM in 1984 and 1986, then from 1988 to 1990, and again from 1992 to 1994. He was awarded the Poets Grand Prize in 1997 by the institution.
On 31 March 2004, Delanoë was given France's highest culture award, Commandeur of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.
He created some controversy in July 2006 after expressing dislike for rap music, saying that it is "a form of expression for people incapable of making music" and "not music but vociferations, eructations (belching)".

## Death

Delanoë died of cardiac arrest in the early morning of 27 December 2006, at the age of 88 in Poissy near Paris. He is buried in the Cimetière de Fourqueux, which is just southeast of Poissy. His wife Micheline Leroyer (née Biesel) died on 16 January 2015, aged 97, and is buried beside him. They had three children: Pierre-Denis, Sylvie and Caroline.