OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# N. C. Saxena

Naresh Chandra Saxena is an Indian bureaucrat who served as a member of the Planning Commission of India.

## College

After going to Allahabad University for earning his First Masters in Physics while still in his teens, he went on to earn a Doctorate in Forestry from University of Oxford, in 1992. He was awarded honorary Ph.D from the University of East Anglia (UK) in 2006.

## Career

Saxena is a former IAS officer. He served as a member of the National Advisory Council.
After his first inclination of teaching, in the early 1960s went poorly, due to groupism’, ‘casteism’ and ‘dirty politics’ in teaching, he went to the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) examination in 1963. When the results were announced for the UPSC examinations, on 4 April 1964, his senior, RS Gupta, told him, despite how his interview went, Saxena had topped the IAS examination at the all India level. Saxena was so surprised, that he went to a Newspaper, where they announced the top 10 civil services examination scores were posted, to confirm the news. He was the youngest to join the 1964 batch at Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, at the age of 22. After graduation, he believed in continued studies, and started publishing papers through journals and newspapers, through his various postings over 15 years. In 1980, he became Secretary, Land Reforms Department, in Uttar Pradesh. He had various different ideas, some of which were shot down.
From 1985 to 1987, he was Joint Secretary in Union Ministry of Environment and Forests, and following this posting, he went to Oxford to get a Doctorate in Forestry, between 1989 and 1992.
He headed a planning commission panel on rural poor and recommended rank-based system including automatic inclusion and exclusion of poor families.
On 16 August 2010, a committee headed by him warned that plans by Vedanta Resources to mine on Dongria Kondh land in eastern India threaten the survival of the tribe. This led to the Indian government refusing clearance to the project.
As a Consultant with UNICEF, UNDP, and various other organisations, to help raise awareness for Social Issues, like Climate Change, and how it affects India. He has written over 200 reports. on Social issues, on topics like Forest Management, to how Government Policy and Administration impact the poverty scheme. He has also written a few articles for the Newspaper, the Economic and Political Weekly.

## Books

In 2019, he wrote a book titled, What Ails the IAS and Why It Fails to Deliver. A look inside the IAS, and how it can be improved. A list of other books he has either written himself, or written with others:
* To the Hands of the Poor, Written mainly by Robert Chambers, but N. C. Saxena, and Tushaar Shah were editors.
* India's eucalyptus craze, completely written by N.C. Saxena
* Land Subsidence, written by B. Singh, N.C. Saxena
* Mine Closures written by N.C. Saxena
* What Ails the IAS and Why it Fails to Deliver
# George Parrish

George Parrish may refer to:
* George Parrish (racing driver)
* George Parrish (basketball)
# Patel College of Science & Technology

Patel College of Science and Technology (formally known as PCST) is a leading engineering college in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. It is located at Ratibad in Bhopal.

## History

PCST Bhopal was established in the year 2002 under the aegis of Vanshpati Smriti Shiksha Samiti, Bhopal. The institute is recognised by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal.

## Courses
### Bachelor of Engineering

* Computer Science Engineering
* Mechanical Engineering
* Electrical Electronics Engineering
* Electronics and Communication Engineering
* Civil Engineering
OTHER BRANCH

### Master of Technology(M.TECH.)

* Computer Science & Engineering
* Digital Communication
* Software Systems
* Thermal Engineering
* Information Technology
KSR

### Polytechnic

* Computer Science & Engineering
* Electronics & Communication
* Information Technology
* Mechanical Engineering
* Electrical Engineering
* Civil Engineering
# Kayenze

Kayenze is an administrative ward in Ilemela District, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 10,035 people in the ward.$^{:144}$

## Villages

The ward has 15 villages.
* Igombe A
* Bugogwa
* Lugezi
* Kabangaja
* Kasamwa
* Igombe B
* Kigote
* Kilabela
* Bujimwa
* Kayenze Ndogo
* Kisundi
* Isanzu
* Igogwe
* Nkoroto
* Kilimanilwe Mtemi
# Schreder HP-22

The Schreder HP-22 was an American mid-wing, amphibious flying boat, cruciform tailed, two seat motor glider project that was designed by Richard Schreder. None were ever completed or flown.

## Design and development

The HP-22 project was publicly announced in June 1984 in Soaring and, in comparison to Schreder's previous glider designs, was intended for "much easier building and for more versatile fun-flying when it's finished".
The aircraft was intended to accommodate two people in side-by-side seating under a bubble canopy. The engine was to be mounted above and behind the cockpit and to retract rearward to lie in a bay when not in use. The mid-mounted wing was to have a span of 49.2 ft (15.0 m) and a constant chord, built with an aluminium spar, foam ribs and covered with aluminium skins. The tail would be similarly constructed. The wings also included coupled ailerons and flaps.
The intention was that the flying boat hull would be constructed from four panels of PVC foam covered on both sides with fiberglass at the factory, with the builder just epoxying them together around pre-formed bulkheads. The landing gear was to consist of a retractable tricycle gear, with the main gear swiveling aft and nose wheel retracting forward to act as a docking bumper on the nose. The landing gear main wheel design included disc brakes. The planing hull featured a normal step cut out and Schreder indicated that if this was shown to create too much drag during flight testing that he would design a retractable fairing for it. His intention was to have retractable tip floats that would swing outboard to form wing tips in flight in the same manner as on the Consolidated PBY Catalina, which Schreder had flown during the Second World War.
Despite its flying boat design, the HP-22 was intended as a soaring motor glider and the designer estimated its glide ratio at 30:1 and its minimum sink speed at 2.0 feet per second.
Schreder started work on the HP-22 before the HP-21 was finished and did not finish, register or fly either aircraft.

## Specifications (HP-22 projected)

Data from Soaring
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one
* Wingspan: 49 ft 3 in (15 m)
* Empty weight: 500 lb (227 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,100 lb (499 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × retractable two stroke engine
* Propellers: 2-bladed wooden
Performance
* Maximum glide ratio: 30:1
* Rate of sink: 120 ft/min (0.61 m/s)
# Schreder HP-18

The HP-18 is a Richard Schreder-designed metal Racing Class sailplane that was offered as a kit for homebuilding during the 1970s and 1980s.

## Design and development

The HP-18 is a flapped (15-meter) sailplane featuring a V-tail and 90-degree flaps for glidepath control. The fuselage is composed of a prefabricated composite forward fuselage and a semi-monocoque aft fuselage, and features steeply reclined seating and a side-stick controller although modifications using a conventional stick have been made.
Major features:
* Very low cockpit with reclining seating position
* Sidestick (changed to conventional stick by some homebuilders)
* Two-piece canopy (changed to single piece forward opening by some homebuilders)
* V-tail that folds upwards for easy storage
* Wing structure composed of spars with caps pre-machined from solid aluminium plate and aluminium wing skins bonded to closely spaced foam ribs
* Fiberglass fuselage pod, wing tip skids and tail fairings
* Aluminium tail cone
* Winglets added by some homebuilders
* Water ballast carried inside the hollow aluminium wing spars
* Typical Schreder trailing edge flaps/airbrakes partially interconnected with the ailerons

## Variants

As most homebuilts, the HP-18 has been constructed with many variations in detail. Perhaps the most significant version is the Super HP-18 developed by Canadians Ed Hollestelle and Udo Rumpf, which features a modified wing airfoil, winglets, a front-hinged canopy, conventional control stick and higher ballast capacity.

## Aircraft on display

* EAA Airventure Museum, Oshkosh, Wisconsin
* National Soaring Museum, Elmira, New York
* US Southwest Soaring Museum, Moriarty, New Mexico

## Specifications

General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Length: 23 ft 2.4 in (7.07 m)
* Wingspan: 49 ft 2 in (15.00 m)
* Wing area: 113 sq ft (10.5 m$^2$)
* Aspect ratio: 21.4
* Empty weight: 470 lb (213 kg)
* Gross weight: 970 lb (446 kg)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 150 mph (240 km/h, 130 kn)
* Maximum glide ratio: 38
* Rate of sink: 126 ft/min (0.60 m/s)
# Schismatomma pericleum

Schismatomma pericleum is a species of fungus belonging to the family Roccellaceae.
It is native to Eurasia and Northern America.
# Kawabun

The Kawabun (河文) is Nagoya's oldest ryōtei (traditional restaurant), located in Marunouchi 2-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya.

## History

Founded during the Edo period (1603–1867), the Kawabun became a successful business that was patronised by the Owari Tokugawa rulers. In the Meiji period (1867–1911), successive politicians such as Ito Hirobumi also visited. The Kawabun was established as a company in October 1912. It was heavily damaged during the bombing of Nagoya in World War II, and was rebuilt after the end of the war. The Kawabun served as host for a dinner in November 2019 for the foreign ministers of the G20 Aichi-Nagoya Foreign Ministers' Meeting.
The ryōtei specialises in serving kaiseki.

## Buildings

In 2005, the main building, front gate, wall, wakimon gate, shinyotei, corridor, yoryotei, and kitchen were registered by the authorities as Registered Tangible Cultural Properties.
The Mizugami-no-Naka room was designed by Yoshirō Taniguchi in 1973.
The tsubo garden was created by the 10th generation Matsuo-ryu iemoto Matsuo Sogo (Fusensai).
# Charles Hannigan

Charles Hannigan ISO (born 1 December 1877) was an Irish native who was a senior colonial police officer who served as Commissioner of Police of the Federated Malay States in the 1920s.

## Early life and education

Charles Hannigan was born on 1 December 1877 at Rathdowney, Queen's County, and was educated at Ranelagh School, Athlone.

## Career

Hannigan began his career in 1896 serving in the Royal Irish Constabulary.
In 1902, he went to Malaya and joined the police force of the Federated Malay States beginning as 2nd Class Inspector, and was promoted to 1st Class three years later. In 1906, he was appointed Acting Assistant Commissioner attached to the detective branch and was sent from Kuala Lumpur to Kuala Kubu where he was involved in the arrest of the notorious robber Wee Chan.
In 1907, he worked as Registrar of Criminals and was later appointed Adjutant of the Police Department, before he became Assistant Commissioner of Police in Ipoh where, in 1915, he helped hunt down a gang which had been terrorising Kinta for several years. He then spent a short time as Chief Police Officer in Pahang.
In 1919, he was transferred to Singapore where he was appointed Chief Police Officer and later Superintendent of Police, and was involved in the anti-Japanese riots when martial law was declared and troops were employed to restore order. On two occasions he acted as Inspector General of the Straits Settlements.
In 1924, he returned to the Federated Malay States as Commissioner of Police, the highest police rank, where he remained for six years. During his tenure he was credited with reforming and improving the police force, and introducing modern methods such as the creation of a Criminal Registry. Before retiring in 1931, in his last report he wrote that the economic depression had led to a sharp rise in crime as a consequence of large numbers of workers having been laid off in the tin mines and on the rubber plantations who turned to theft, burglary and gang-robbery to obtain a livelihood.
In 1931, he retired to England, but the following year was offered a position reorganising the police force of Sarawak where he was employed for a year before he returned again to England. When the Second World War broke out he moved to Ireland but returned to live in Buckinghamshire in 1946.

## Honours and legacy

In 1927, Hannigan was awarded the King's Police Medal. In 1933, he received the Companion of the Imperial Service Order (ISO).
Hannigan Road in Kuala Lumpur was named after him.
# Charles Hanses

Charles Hanses (c.1659 – c.1697) was a Member of Parliament for Winchester from 1685 to 1689.
Hanses was the eldest son of John Hanses of Selby and York, Yorkshire. He was educated at Archbishop Holgate's School in York. He matriculated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, in 1677, aged 17, and attended St John's College, Cambridge. He entered Gray's Inn in 1681 and was called to the bar in 1683.
# Isabella of Toron

Isabella of Toron (born before 1166 – died between 1192 – 1229) also known as Isabelle or Zabel was the daughter of Humphrey III, Lord of Toron and his wife Stephanie of Milly. Isabella was titular lady of Toron in her own right and was princess of Armenia by her marriage.

## Life
### Early life and marriage

Isabella was the elder of two children, she had one younger brother Humphrey. Their father died when the pair were still minors, and their mother remarried three more times. From their mother's third marriage to Raynald of Châtillon, the pair gained two half-siblings: Raymond, who died young and Alice, who married Azzo VI of Este.
In early 1181, Ruben III, Prince of Armenia went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and there on 4 February 1181/3 February 1182, he married Isabella, with the intervention of Stephanie. Around a year after Isabella's marriage, her brother married the minor Isabella I of Jerusalem. Ruben and Isabella were only married for around five years, in which time Isabella bore two daughters:
* Alice (1182 – after 1234), the wife firstly of Hethum of Sassoun, secondly of Count Raymond IV of Tripoli, and thirdly of Vahram of Korikos
* Philippa (1183 – before 1219), the wife firstly of Shahanshah of Sassoun, and secondly of Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea
In 1183, Ruben was taken captive and imprisoned by Bohemond III, Prince of Antioch, during Ruben's visit to Antioch; he was released after the payment of a large ransom to the Prince of Antioch. Ruben abdicated in 1187 in favor of his brother, Leo; Isabella then ceased to be Princess consort, Ruben then retired to the monastery of Drazark where he died, leaving Isabella and their two young daughters.

### Later life

Isabella never remarried after Ruben's death; her brother-in-law Leo was initially the 'Regent and Tutor' of Alice and Philippa but he eventually set them aside and was succeeded by his own descendants. Both of Isabelle's daughters were married roughly around the same time in 1189. In May, 1193, their spouses were both murdered.
By 1197, both Humphrey and Stephanie had died, as Humphrey had left no issue from his disastrous marriage to Queen Isabella, his lands passed to his sister Isabella, his closest surviving relative. Isabella inherited the rights to Toron and Oultrejordain, however, she did not exercise power as the areas were under Muslim rule. Toron remained in Crusader possession until 1187 when it fell to the forces of Saladin after the Battle of Hattin when Saladin all but destroyed the Crusader states. Ten years later in November 1197, Toron was besieged by the Third Crusade's German contingent, but the Muslim garrison by the Tribesman of El-Seid and Fawza prevailed until relief arrived from Egypt.
There is no exact date of death for Isabella, it's estimated she died between 1192 and 1229 however, she did outlive her husband; she may have outlived her young daughter who died before 1219. Upon Isabella's death, her rights to Toron and Oultrejordain were inherited by her elder daughter Alice. Toron was recovered through the Treaty of Jaffa in 1229 and Alice succeeded as Lady of Toron, passing the title on to her descendants.
# Animal Concerns Research and Education Society

Animal Concerns Research and Education Society (ACRES) is a non-governmental organisation and a registered animal welfare charity with the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth (MCCY) in Singapore. It aims to raise awareness of animal welfare issues, adopts animal research projects and their findings for public outreach and education, and partners with authorities and related parties.

## History

The organization was founded in 2001 by Louis Ng when he was still a National University of Singapore undergraduate. He began full-time work at ACRES upon his graduation in 2002.
In November 2013, ACRES opened a wildlife sanctuary at their Wildlife Rescue Centre to house animals, including tortoises, turtles and iguanas, that were rescued from illegal wildlife trade. As of February 2017, ACRES has more than 100 wild animals waiting to be sent back into the wild in their native countries.
In 2004, ACRES sent Blue, a vervet monkey, back to Zambia, and in 2006, Asha, a rhesus macaque, back to India.
On 2 February 2017, Rahayu, a Malaysian giant turtle, was sent back to Malaysia after more than a year of negotiations with the Malaysian wildlife authorities. It was later the first reptile to be successfully released back into the wild.
On 16 April 2018, six rescued reptiles, four giant Asian turtles, and two elongated tortoises were sent back to Malaysia, as ACRES' first mass repatriation.
# Kazuo Kitai

Kazuo Kitai (北井 一夫, Kitai Kazuo, born 1944) is a Japanese photographer.
His work is included in the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts Houston, and the Art Institute of Chicago.
# Kazuo Kobayashi

Kazuo Kobayashi (小林 一男, Kobayashi Kazuo, born 1908, date of death unknown) was a Japanese diver who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1932 he finished sixth in the 3 metre springboard event.
# Charles Marshall (judge)

Sir Charles Marshall (1788 – 5 February 1873) was the sixth Chief Justice of Ceylon.
Marshall was the only son of Sergeant Marshall, a lawyer, and was educated at Westminster School. He matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge in 1806, graduating B.A. in 1810, and M.A. in 1814. He was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1815.
Marshall was knighted in 1832 and appointed Chief Justice of Ceylon on 18 February 1833, succeeding Richard Ottley. In 1835 he fought a duel with Sir John Wilson, in command of British troops in Ceylon, which took place in the Cinnamon Gardens, Colombo, once a plantation. He held the position until his resignation on 3 March 1836, when he was succeeded by William Norris.
Marshall produced the first book on Sri Lankan Law. He also published Term Reports Common Pleas and Marshall on Insurance.
He died at his London home in 1873. He had married Mary, the widow of John Cox.
# Charles van der Gucht

Charles Graham van der Gucht (born 14 January 1980) is a former English cricketer.
The grandson of the cricketer Paul van der Gucht, he was born at Hammersmith in January 1980. He was educated at Radley College, before matriculating to the College of St Hild and St Bede at Durham University. van der Gucht played for the Hampshire Cricket Board (HCB) in the 1999 ECB 38-County Cup and later in the season, he made his debut in List A one-day cricket for the HCB against Suffolk at Bury St Edmunds in the NatWest Trophy first round. He played two further one-day matches in that competition, in the second and third rounds against Shropshire and Glamorgan respectively.
Having been a member of Hampshire's under-19 Championship winning team in 1998, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Hampshire against the touring Zimbabweans at Southampton in 2000. He took figures of 3 for 75 with his slow left-arm orthodox bowling in the Zimbabweans first innings, notably dismissing Murray Goodwin. He made an additional first-class appearance while studying at Durham, playing for Durham UCCE against Lancashire in June 2001. In July 2001, van der Gucht was involved in a serious accident when he was run over by a taxi on Twickenham Bridge in London, breaking both of his legs. His recovery required him to undertake intensive physiotherapy that winter, but it would take thirteen months for him to return to playing. After recovering from the accident, he captained the Hampshire Second XI, but did not feature again for the first team. As a result, van der Gucht left Hampshire at the end of the 2003 season to pursue a career away from cricket. He ended his brief cricket career with four first-class and five one-day wickets.
# Schumer

Schumer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Amy Schumer (born 1981), American comedian and actress
* Chuck Schumer (born 1950), American senator and Democratic politician
* Fern Schumer Chapman, American author
# TDRA

TDRA may represent:
* Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority
* Trademark Dilution Revision Act
* Transitional Darfur Regional Authority
* Theory of dual radiation action
# Bentley House

Bentley House may refer to:

## in the United States

(by state)
* Rev. Doc. Robert Bentley House, a city-designated landmark in Berkeley, California that was home to Archetype Press
* Bentley House (Springfield, Missouri), a place of interest in Springfield, Missouri
* Crowninshield-Bentley House, Salem, Massachusetts
* George Bentley House, Worcester, MA, listed on the NRHP in Massachusetts
* Matthew R. Bentley House, a historic place in Red Cloud, Nebraska
* Parks-Bentley House, a historic place in South Glens Falls, New York
* Melius-Bentley House, Ancram, NY, a historic place in Pine Plains, New York
* Wilson Alwyn "Snowflake" Bentley House, a historic place in Jericho, Vermont
# Arcobacter venerupis

Arcobacter venerupis is a species of Gram-negative, slightly curved motile rod-shaped bacteria. It was first recovered from mussels and clams. Its type strain is F67-11(T) = CECT 7836(T) = LMG 26156(T).
# NGC 3642

NGC 3642 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. The galaxy has a low-ionization nuclear emission-line region. It is located at a distance of circa 30 million light years from Earth, which, given its apparent dimensions, means that NGC 3642 is about 50,000 light years across. The galaxy is characterised by an outer pseudoring, which was probably formed after the accretion of a gas rich dwarf galaxy.

## Structure

NGC 3642 is a spiral galaxy without a bar. In the nucleus there is a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 26-31 million M⊙, based on the intrinsic velocity dispersion as measured by the Hubble Space Telescope, or 15 million M⊙, based on the bulge luminosities in near-infrared Ks-band.
Around the nucleus, a one-armed spiral forms a ring, and it is possible that it leads material towards the nucleus. The nucleus is surrounded by an inner flocculent spiral. The outer part of the spiral forms a pseudoring that extends for about half a circle. The outer part of the spiral is warped, while its main part features an ordinary differentially rotating disk. The HI gas is also warped and extends further on the western side.

## Nearby galaxies

The galaxy belongs to the NGC 3642 group (also known as the NGC 3610 group), a galaxy group that also includes NGC 3610, NGC 3619, NGC 3669, NGC 3674 and NGC 3683. Other nearby galaxies include NGC 3440, NGC 3445, NGC 3458, NGC 3543 and NGC 3613.

## Gallery

* NGC 3642 (SDSS DR14)
* NGC 3642 (Hubble Space Telescope)
* NGC 3642 with legacy surveys