OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ariophanta

Ariophanta is a genus of terrestrial gastropods in the subfamily Ariophantinae of the family Ariophantidae.
The shell is sinistral or left-handed in its coiling.

## Species

Ariophanta laevipes is the type species of the genus Ariophanta.
Species in the genus Ariophanta include:
* Ariophanta albata (W. T. Blanford, 1880)
* Ariophanta ammonia (Deshayes, 1850)
* Ariophanta basilessa (Benson, 1865)
* Ariophanta basileus (Benson, 1861)
* Ariophanta beddomei (W. T. Blanford, 1874)
* Ariophanta belangeri (Deshayes, 1832)
* Ariophanta bistrialis (H. Beck, 1837)
* Ariophanta bombayana (Grateloup, 1840)
* Ariophanta canarica W. T. Blanford, 1901
* Ariophanta crossei (L. Pfeiffer, 1862)
* Ariophanta cysis (Benson, 1852)
* Ariophanta danae (L. Pfeiffer, 1863)
* Ariophanta gassii W. T. Blanford, 1901
* Ariophanta himalana (I. Lea, 1834)
* Ariophanta immerita (W. T. Blanford, 1870)
* Ariophanta innata Fulton, 1905
* Ariophanta intumescens (W. T. Blanford, 1866)
* Ariophanta kadapaensis (Nevill, 1878)
* Ariophanta laevipes (O. F. Müller, 1774)
* Ariophanta laidlayana (Benson, 1856)
* Ariophanta maderaspatana (Gray, 1834)
* Ariophanta prionotropis (Möllendorff, 1898)
* Ariophanta promiscua (E. A. Smith, 1893)
* Ariophanta semirugata (Beck, 1837)
* Ariophanta sisparica (W. T. Blanford, 1866)
* Ariophanta solata (Benson, 1848)
* Ariophanta thyreus (Benson, 1852)
* Ariophanta tongkingensis (Möllendorff, 1902)
* Ariophanta trangensis Thach & F. Huber, 2020
    Taxa inquirenda:
* Ariophanta duplocincta Möllendorff, 1897
* Ariophanta huberi Thach, 2018 (debated synonym)
* Ariophanta trifasciata (Chemnitz)

## Distribution

This genus is endemic to India.
# Najaf District

Najaf District is a district of the Najaf Governorate, Iraq.
* This Iraq geographical location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Theuville, Val-d'Oise

Theuville (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.
# NPFL

NPFL is the name of:
* National Patriotic Front of Liberia, a rebel group in the First Liberian Civil War
* National Pro Fastpitch League, professional women's softball league in the US
* Nigerian Professional Football League, the highest level of the Nigerian football league system
* North Pilbara Football League, an Australian rules football competition in Western Australia
# Coralliophila caroleae

Coralliophila caroleae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Chelex 100

Chelex 100 is a chelating material from Bio-Rad used to purify other compounds via ion exchange. It is noteworthy for its ability to bind transition metal ions.
It is a styrene-divinylbenzene co-polymer containing iminodiacetic acid groups.
A concentrated solution of metals is obtained by eluting the resin with a small volume of 2 M nitric acid, which protonates the iminodiacetate groups.
Chelex resin is often used for DNA extraction in preparation for polymerase chain reaction by binding to cations including Mg$^{2+}$, which is an essential cofactor for DNases. Chelex protects the sample from DNases that might remain active after the boiling and could subsequently degrade the DNA, rendering it unsuitable for PCR. After boiling, the Chelex-DNA preparation is stable and can be stored at 4°C for 3–4 months. Polar resin beads bind polar cellular components after breaking open cells, while DNA and RNA remain in water solution above the Chelex resin.
However, the heating steps do denature the double helix, and the resulting single-stranded DNA is less stable in storage.
# Citizen Weather Observer Program

The Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) is a network of privately owned electronic weather stations concentrated in the United States but also located in over 150 countries. Network participation allows volunteers with computerized weather stations to send automated surface weather observations to the National Weather Service (NWS) by way of the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS). This data is then used by the Rapid Refresh (RAP) and other forecast models to produce forecasts. Observations are also redistributed to the public.

## Origin

The CWOP was originally set up by amateur radio operators experimenting with packet radio, but now includes Internet-only connected stations, as well as amateur radio Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) stations. As of October 2017, more than 13,000 stations worldwide report regularly to the network.

## Description

The Citizen Weather Observer Program is a program to collect surface weather observations from thousands of privately operated weather stations, into the FindU database, and forward it to the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS Archived 2009-03-12 at the Wayback Machine), operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

### FindU

The FindU database is a set of privately operated Internet servers, run by Steve Dimse, (amateur radio callsign K4HG). Numerous IGates (Internet Gateways) receive broadcast amateur radio Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS) packets containing position and short messages (including telemetry such weather observations), and forward the data to the FindU servers via APRS-IS on the Internet. Weather observations may be polled directly from FindU, and the data is forwarded to MADIS for ingest. APRS messages may also originate directly from computers on the Internet without being broadcast on the radio waves.

### MADIS

The Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS Archived 2009-03-12 at the Wayback Machine) integrates weather observations from numerous different sources, including CWOP via FindU, and drives a number of different weather forecasting products. Incoming data are subjected to temporal and spatial consistency checks, and quality flags are stored with the data, to enable users to access the most trustworthy data possible. From MADIS, CWOP data is also re-distributed to other users such as Mesowest.

### Ease of sending data

The amateur radio connection makes it inexpensive and simple for an individual to install consumer-level weather sensors at a point of interest, connect them to a radio transmitter via a simple APRS modem, and start sharing weather reports with forecasters worldwide. Solar power and radio transmission makes it possible to drop completely self-contained weather sensors on unattended and wireless sites, allowing for a dense set of sample measurements to be collected.
# Gibberula nilsi

Gibberula nilsi is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Cystiscidae.
# Petushkov

Petushkov (Russian: Петушков) is a Russian masculine surname originating from the word petushok (little rooster); its feminine counterpart is Petushkova. It may refer to
* Nina Petushkova (born 1992), Russian figure skater
* Roman Petushkov (born 1978), Russian cross-country skier, biathlete and Paralympian
* Yelena Petushkova (1940–2007), Russian equestrian
# Nannambra

Nannambra is a census town in Malappuram district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Nannambra had a population of 35532 with 16846 males and 18686 females.

## Transportation

The nearest airport is at Kozhikode. The nearest major railway station is at Parappanangadi.
# Hoffmannseggia microphylla

Hoffmannseggia microphylla (syn. Caesalpinia virgata) is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name wand holdback. It is native to the southwestern United States and Baja California and grows in gullies, canyons, slopes and primarily creosote bush scrub.
It is a perennial shrub that grows up to 6 ft (1.8 m) tall. The stems are hairy and green and have few leaves for most of the year. Before the leaves fall, they appear as twigs lined with pairs of small oval-shaped leaflets.
The shrub flowers in scattered raceme inflorescences of red-streaked yellow flowers which age to full red. The fruit is a sickle-shaped dehiscent legume pod up to 2.5 centimeters long. It is bumpy with glands and slightly hairy.
# Aphaenops linderi

Aphaenops linderi is a species of beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Jeannel in 1938.
# Cancellaria albida

Cancellaria albida is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Skoronice

Skoronice is a municipality and village in Hodonín District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Skoronice lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of Hodonín, 46 km (29 mi) south-east of Brno, and 233 km (145 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Nanidovirineae

Nanidovirineae is a suborder of viruses in the order Nidovirales, comprising two families.

## Hosts

Ghost sharks and the halfbeak Hyporhamphus sajori serve as natural hosts for species in the suborder. Nanidovirineae where found infecting these fishes only in China. Nanidovirineae is distinguished from its sibling suborders mainly by this reliance on fish hosts, although Tobaniviridae also have some fish as natural hosts.

## Taxonomy
### Families

* Nanghoshaviridae
* Nanhypoviridae

### Sibling suborders

* Arnidovirineae
* Coronaviridae
* Mesnidovirineae
* Monidovirineae
* Ronidovirineae
* Tornidovirineae
# Keith Frazier

Keith F. Frazier (May 18, 1913 – June 17, 1992) was a minor league baseball player and manager who is notable for leading the St. Joseph Saints to a league championship in 1940. He was born in Colorado, United States. Used as both an outfielder and a pitcher, Frazier played from 1933 to 1941 as well as in 1945. He hit around .282 in his career, with a career-high of .343 with the Saints in 1940. That year, he also hit 28 doubles and 13 triples, also career highs. As a pitcher, he went 42–75 in 214 games.
Frazier also fought during World War II while serving in the Navy.

## Manager career

Frazier managed for two seasons. In 1940, as mentioned, he managed the St. Joseph Saints to a league championship. In 1941, he managed the Stockton Fliers, leading them to the playoffs. However, they lost in the first round.
# Mount Olive Township, Macoupin County, Illinois

Mt. Olive Township (N½ T7N R6W) is located in Macoupin County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 3,274 and it contained 1,536 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 18.27 square miles (47.3 km$^2$), of which 18.02 square miles (46.7 km$^2$) (or 98.63%) is land and 0.26 square miles (0.67 km$^2$) (or 1.42%) is water.

## Adjacent townships

* Cahokia Township (north)
* South Litchfield Township, Montgomery County (northeast)
* Walshville Township, Montgomery County (east)
* Staunton Township (south)
* Dorchester Township (west)
* Gillespie Township (northwest)
# Petway

Petway is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brent Petway (born 1985), American basketball player
* Bruce Petway (1885–1941), American baseball manager and player
* David Petway (born 1955), American football player
* Robert Petway (1907–1978), African-American blues singer and guitarist
* Tom Petway (born 1940), American businesspeople
# Snow White (1952 film)

Snow White or Cinderello (Spanish title: El ceniciento) is a 1952 Mexican comedy film directed by Gilberto Martínez Solares and starring Germán Valdés, Alicia Caro, and Andrés Soler. It is a retelling of the Cinderella story from a male perspective.

## Cast

* Germán Valdésas Valentín Gaytán
* Alicia Caro as Magdalena
* Andrés Soler as Andrés
* Marcelo Chávez as Marcelo
* Tito Novaro as Marcelito
* Magda Donato as Sirenia
* Daniel Arroyo as Invitado a fiesta
* Jaime Fernández as Anunciador
* Francisco Reiguera as Inspector celestial
* Humberto Rodríguez as Jugador de cartas
# Thomas C. Brickhouse

Thomas C. Brickhouse (born 1947) is an American philosopher and John Turner Professor of the Humanities and Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus at the University of Lynchburg. He won the Outstanding Academic Book for 1994 award for his book Plato’s Socrates (with Nicholas D. Smith). Brickhouse is known for his research on Ancient Greek philosophy.

## Books

* Socratic Moral Psychology (with Nicholas D. Smith; Cambridge University Press, 2010, 276 pp.)
* Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Plato and the Trial of Socrates (with Nicholas D. Smith, Routledge 2004, 297 pp.)
* The Trial and Execution of Socrates: Sources and Controversies (ed. and trans. with Nicholas D. Smith, Oxford University Press, 2002), 286 pp.
* The Philosophy of Socrates (with Nicholas D. Smith, Westview Press, History of Philosophy series, 2000, 290 pp.)
* Plato's Socrates (with Nicholas D. Smith, Oxford University Press, 1994, 240 pp.)
* Socrates on Trial (with Nicholas D. Smith, Oxford University Press and Princeton University Press, 1989, 316 pp.; trans. into Japanese by T. Mishima and S. Yonezawa, Tokai University Press, 1994, 508 pp.)
# Cancellaria africana

Cancellaria africana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Nagla Raiya

Nagla Raiya (Naglā Raīyā) is a village in Tundla block of Firozabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it had a population of 613, in 85 households.

## Demographics

As of 2011, Nagla Raiya had a population of 613, in 85 households.$^{:71}$ This population was 55.5% male (340) and 44.5% female (273). The 0-6 age group numbered 99 (55 male and 44 female), making up 16.2% of the total population. 211 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 34.4% of the total.$^{:86–7}$
The 1981 census recorded Nagla Raiya as having a population of 295 people (168 male and 127 female), in 48 households and 44 physical houses.$^{:162–3}$
The 1961 census recorded Nagla Raiya as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 173 people (94 male and 79 female), in 36 households and 27 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 301 acres.$^{:lxxx}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Nagla Raiya had 1 primary school; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village did not have a post office or public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:71–6}$
# SmarTeach

SmarTeach UGMed – a product of MedRC is a digital version of the undergraduate medicine classroom where students pursuing medicine can see and hear lectures delivered by expert subject teachers from all over the country. These lectures have a large amount of relevant multimedia components like 2D and 3D animations, text slides, still images and panoramas, audio and videos.
This product is currently catering to the MBBS and BDS curriculum. The curriculum is based on MBBS curriculum as prescribed by Medical Council of India MCI. The entire curriculum has been broken into component subjects, chapters and topics. Each topic constitutes a module of learning consisting of several granular learning objects such as video lectures, slides, animations of concepts, textual notes, glossaries, questions relevant to the topic, book and journal references, etc. The approach to development, quality practices adopted during development and content presented in product have been inspected and approved by MCI.
# Keith Frazier (musician)

Keith Frazier is one of the founding members of Rebirth Brass Band. In the band, Frazier plays the bass drum with a cymbal mounted on top. He plays the drum with one hand and the cymbal with the other, using a flathead screwdriver.
Keith Frazier and his brother, Phillip Frazier (the group's sousaphone/tuba player), formed Rebirth Brass Band along with other band members they met at Joseph S. Clark Sr. High School in New Orleans, including renowned trumpeter, Kermit Ruffins. In Joseph S. Clark's marching and concert bands, Frazier played several brass instruments and was section leader of the baritones.
Rebirth Brass Band, was discovered at the 1982 New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival and recorded its first studio album in 1984.
# Pek Long (constituency)

Pek Long is one of the 39 constituencies in the Yuen Long District of Hong Kong.
The constituency returns one district councillor to the Yuen Long District Council, with an election every four years.
Pek Long constituency is loosely based on northern part of Long Ping Estate with estimated population of 13,849.

## Councillors represented

| Election | Member | Party |
| 1994 | Chan Siu-kay | Nonpartisan |
| 1999 | Chan Siu-kay | DAB |
| 2007 | Kwong Chun-yu→Vacant | Democratic |

## Election results
### 2010s

Yuen Long District Council Election, 2019: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Kwong Chun-yu | 4,382 | 62.91 | +4.01 |
| | DAB | August Tam Wai-lam | 2,584 | 37.09 | −4.01 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,798 | 25.82 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,998 | 67.39 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | | |
Yuen Long District Council Election, 2015: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Kwong Chun-yu | 2,890 | 58.9 | –7.3 |
| | DAB | Wong Yuk-chun | 2,013 | 41.1 | +7.3 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 877 | 17.8 | –14.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 4,953 | 50.0 | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | –7.3 | |
Yuen Long District Council Election, 2011: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Democratic | Kwong Chun-yu | 2,554 | 66.2 | +7.6 |
| | DAB | Chan Chi-wai | 1,302 | 33.8 | –7.6 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,252 | 32.4 | +15.2 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | +7.6 | |

### 2000s

Yuen Long District Council Election, 2007: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Kwong Chun-yu | 1,960 | 58.6 |
| | DAB | Chan Siu-kay | 1,383 | 41.4 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 577 | 17.2 |
| | Democratic gain from DAB | Democratic gain from DAB | Swing | |
Yuen Long District Council Election, 2003: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | DAB | Chan Siu-kay | uncontested | | |
| | DAB hold | DAB hold | Swing | | |

### 1990s

Yuen Long District Council Election, 1999: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | DAB | Chan Siu-kay | uncontested | | |
| | DAB hold | DAB hold | Swing | | |
Yuen Long District Board Election, 1994: Pek Long :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Nonpartisan | Chan Siu-kay | 2,269 | 79.4 | |
| | Nonpartisan | Wong Chi-fai | 525 | 18.4 | |
| | Nonpartisan | Wong Yin-ping | 43 | 1.5 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,744 | 61.0 | |
| | Nonpartisan win (new seat) | Nonpartisan win (new seat) | Nonpartisan win (new seat) | Nonpartisan win (new seat) | Nonpartisan win (new seat) |
# Best Of (Chapter One 1997–2004)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| PopMatters | 6/10 |
Best Of (Chapter One 1997–2004) is the first compilation album by American rock band Sevendust.

## Chart positions

| Chart (2006) | Position |
| Billboard 200 | 156 |
| Independent Albums | 8 |
# Aphanizomenon ovalisporum

Aphanizomenon ovalisporum is a filamentous cyanobacteria present in many algal blooms.

## Morphology

Aphanizomenon ovalisporum is a filamentous gram negative bacterium of the genus Aphanizomenon. The bacterial filaments are unbranched trichomes. The cells are approximately 5 um in diameter, and are motile through gliding. This species produces two differentiated cells, heterocysts, and akinetes.

## Metabolism

Aphanizomenon ovalisporum uses oxygenic photosynthesis, like other cyanobacteria. The heterocyst cells of this species can fix nitrogen into ammonium.

## Genome

The genome of Aphanizomenon ovalisporum is approximately 7.47 Mbp in size, with a GC content of 50.39%. There are 2851 coding sequences. The strain analyzed was isolated in Madrid, Spain.

## Environment

The species was first described during an algal bloom in Lake Kinneret, Israel, 1994. However, other isolates have been obtained from countries around Europe, such as Spain. The most recent samples were taken from a man-made lake in Madrid. This cyanobacterial species can rapidly change its environment during algal blooms, in which it produces toxins such as cylindrospermopsin, which can cause headaches, vomiting and other symptoms in humans, as well as leading to the deoxygenation of the local water.
# Lagrangian–Eulerian advection

In scientific visualization, Lagrangian–Eulerian advection is a technique mainly used for the visualization of unsteady flows. The computer graphics generated by the technique can help scientists visualize changes in velocity fields. This technique uses a hybrid Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field. It is a special case of a line integral convolution.
The method consists of using nearest-neighbour interpolation followed by an error correction mechanism. The Lagrangian specification is used during the integration to update the particle positions. The property of interest is advected in the Eulerian frame of reference. It was originally designed by Bruno Jobard and others for steady flows but was extended to unsteady flows.
The main idea is to create a white noise texture of the desired resolution, which is used as a base, on top of which the vector field can be applied. That means for every particle looking backward in the vector field to find out the new value for the cell it is contained in. Then looking forward – to calculate the new position of the particle in the cell.
In its application, the Lagrangian–Eulerian method can be accelerated using the GPUs used in common chipsets present in Nvidia and ATI Radeon graphics cards.
Ensuring that the moving texture always follows the velocity field of the fluid, while maintaining properties of the original texture, is key to avoid visual artifacts. A new method developed in 2009 improves the results of the previous one, running real-time.
# Jean Odoutan

Jean Odoutan (born in 1965) is a comedian, film director, composer, actor, screenwriter and executive movie producer from the African country of Benin. He is also the creator of a film festival, the Quintessence International Film Festival of Ouidah.

## Early life

Odoutan moved to Paris, France as a teenager, at the age of fifteen in 1980. Soon after, he began working in the film industry.

## Filmography

Jean Odoutan has been involved in many films, either as actor, director or producer. Many of his movies have been critically acclaimed and he has been guest of honor at many film festivals, including the 2001 Reunion Film Festival. Among the movies he has participated are:
* Barbecue Pejo (2000)
* Djib (2000, as director and screenwriter)
* La Valse des Gros Derrieres (2004, as director and screenwriter)
# Tadahiko Shimazu

Tadahiko Shimazu (島津 忠彦, Shimazu Tadahiko, August 30, 1899 – May 12, 1980) or Tadahiko Shimadzu (Shimadzu Tadahiko) was a Japanese politician who served as a member of the National Diet.

## Biography

He was born in Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture and was born to the House of Shigetomi of the Shimadzu clan. His father is Baron Shimazu Sounosuke. Tadahiko became a baron by succession in 1925. Tadahiko’s younger brother Hisamoto Katō [ja] was a yōga painter.
Tadahiko learned at Kagoshima Prefectural Daini-Kagoshima Middle School (鹿児島県立第二鹿児島中学校, now Kagoshima Prefectural Konan High School) and Seikei Business School (成蹊実業専門学校, now Seikei University). He graduated from Seikei Business School in 1923 and worked at Mitsubishi Bank for about ten years. Then he served as the president of several companies.
He was elected to a member of the House of Peers of the Imperial Diet from barons in 1939 and he served until 1947 when the House of Peers was abolished. After World War II, he was elected to a member of House of Councillors of the National Diet from Kagoshima at-large district in 1947 election and 1950 election. He was initially an independent member and later belonged to the Liberal Party and then the Liberal Democratic Party. He served as the Chairs of the Committee on telecommunications of the House of Councillors.