OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Astrothelium supraclandestinum

Astrothelium supraclandestinum is a species of lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. This lichen species is closely related to Astrothelium subclandestinum, but differs in its hamathecium, which is not inspersed. The species is widespread and has been observed in several countries across different continents.

## Taxonomy

Astrothelium supraclandestinum was formally described by André Aptroot and Marcela Cáceres in 2016. The species is closely related to Astrothelium subclandestinum, which has an inspersed hamathecium.

## Description

The thallus of Astrothelium supraclandestinum is corticate, smooth to somewhat bullate, somewhat shiny, continuous, and greenish-grey, covering areas up to 7 cm (2.8 in) in diameter. It is approximately 0.1 mm thick and surrounded by a prothallus line, about 0.2 mm wide. The lichen infrequently induces somewhat spherical galls on the host bark.
Ascomata are pyriform, measuring about 0.5–0.8 mm in diameter, and are mostly aggregated in groups of 2–5, immersed in the bark tissue below pseudostromata. Pseudostromata are indistinctly delimited, not corticate, ochraceous or concolorous with the thallus, not much raised above the thallus, and up to 2 mm in diameter. The wall is black and up to about 60 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, flat to convex, and brown to black. The hamathecium is not inspersed with oil globules. The asci contain 8 ascospores, which are hyaline, 5-septate, fusiform, and measure 50–75 by 14–22 μm.
In terms of standard chemical spot tests, the thallus surface is UV−, and the thallus medulla is K−. Thin-layer chromatography shows no secondary substances detected.

## Habitat and distribution

Astrothelium supraclandestinum is found on smooth bark of trees in primary forests. The species has been reported in Brazil, Venezuela, Australia, and Papua New Guinea.
# The Nature of Betrayal

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
The Nature Of Betrayal is the second album release by the band The Funeral Pyre.
Originally released by Creator Destructor Records, a Bay Area label, it had seen great success during its debut in late 2006. Despite being unsigned at the particular time, the band had scheduled over 100 shows in the Bay area alone, and was praised for the mood that they could convey using both aggressive death/black metal sounds, and the harmonies of a keyboard. It was also praised for its sound and songwriting, despite the band's young age.
This album has been heavily praised for its fuse of both black metal and death metal and the atmosphere created by keyboardist Daniella Jones' synthesizers, and drummer Alex Hernandez's use of blast beats throughout the album.
The album was re-released in March 2007 with a distribution deal by Prosthetic Records after 5 weeks of constant touring.
The artwork for this record "was created by Gustave Doré."

## Personnel

* James Joyce - all guitars
* Adam Campbell - bass guitar
* Alex Hernandez - drums
* Daniella Jones - keyboards
* John Strachan - vocals
# Guilherme de Brito

Guilherme de Brito Bollhorst (January 3, 1922 – April 28, 2006), known as Guilherme de Brito, was a Brazilian sambista, singer, songwriter, and painter.

## Biography

Guilherme de Brito Bollhorst was born in Vila Isabel, a traditional neighborhood with regard to samba, the home of 12 years older Noel Rosa, with whom he was acquainted and who often gave him rides on his car. Brito was the son of Alfredo Nicolau Bollhorst and Marieta de Brito Bollhorst. Guilherme de Brito got a cavaquinho as a present when he was eight; later he became also a violonista. With the death of his father when he was 12, Brito had to drop his studies and start working. He got a job at old Casa Edson, one of the first recording studios to function in Brazil. His aptitude as an artist arose at an early age; when still a boy, he used to draw with pencils and coal.
Guilherme de Brito met his most important partner, 11 years older Nelson Cavaquinho, when the latter, already famous and known, used to play in the bars of Rio de Janeiro suburbs.
Guilherme de Brito wrote 153 songs, the great majority being sambas, almost all of them in partnership, being 75 with Nelson Cavaquinho. They were recorded by many samba artists besides himself, such as Cartola, Elizeth Cardoso, Paulinho da Viola and especially Beth Carvalho, who had a great reverence for the work of the duo Guilherme de Brito-Nelson Cavaquinho. Some of their most famous songs include "A Flor e O Espinho", "Quando eu me Chamar Saudade", "Pranto de Poeta", "Folhas Secas" and "Minha Festa".
As a painter, Guilherme de Brito has his works exhibited in galleries across Brazil, the United States, Japan and Australia.

## Discography

* 2003 - A Flor e o Espinho
* 2001 - Samba Guardado
* 1990 - Folhas Secas
* 1988 - Guilherme de Brito
* 1980 - Guilherme de Brito
# Guilherme de Santa-Rita

Santa-Rita Pintor, born Guilherme Augusto Cau da Costa de Santa-Rita (1889 – 1918), was a Portuguese Futurist painter, known for his eccentricities, which included his signature mode of dressing: work clothes with striped rectangles.

## Life

He first attended the Academy of Fine Arts (now part of the University of Lisbon), then went to Paris on a state scholarship in 1910. There, he studied at the École des Beaux-Arts. He also shared a studio with Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso and was introduced to Futurism by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. An avowed Monarchist, after the 1910 Revolution he came into conflict with João Chagas, the Portuguese Ambassador, who was an even stronger advocate of Republicanism. This resulted in the loss of his scholarship.
After his return home, he saw himself as the official representative of Futurism in Portugal and made a failed attempt to publish Marinetti's works there. In 1913, he appeared as a character in the novel A Confissão de Lúcio (Lúcio's Confession) by Mário de Sá-Carneiro. Four years later, he and José de Almada Negreiros were the main participants at a conference in the Teatro República, where Futurist documents were read and a manifesto announced. That same year, he helped launch the journal Portugal Futurista. Only one issue was published, and most of the copies were seized by the police due to alleged obscenity.
He died of tuberculosis at his parents' home in 1918, leaving instructions to destroy all of his works. A few paintings survived in the hands of collectors and friends. They are now in the possession of the Ministry of Culture and the Chiado Museum. Others were partially preserved as black and white illustrations in Portugal Futurista and a similar journal called Orpheu.
# Pioneer (Pioneer album)

Pioneer is the first studio album by Pioneer. Slospeak Records released the album on January 24, 2012.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| HM Magazine | |
| Indie Vision Music | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | [3] [4] |
| New Release Tuesday | |
Dr. Tony Shore, signaling in a four star review from HM, write, "just take a listen to this fun, powerful release from a great band with a new name." Awarding the album four stars from Jesus Freak Hideout, Nathaniel Schexnayder writes, "it spins remarkably well for a new band." Scott Fryberger, rating the album four stars for Jesus Freak Hideout, states, "Pioneer is a good dose of alternative rock with some pop punk qualities." Giving the album three and a half stars at New Release Tuesday, Jonathan J. Francesco describes, "Pioneer offers a thoughtful and pleasant soft rock release". Keith Settles, indicating in a four star review by Indie Vision Music, says, "Pioneer has released an above average full length album thanks to solid production and good song writing."
# Pioneer (locomotive)

Pioneer is the first railroad locomotive to operate in Chicago, Illinois. It was built in 1837 by Baldwin Locomotive Works for the Utica and Schenectady Railroad (U&S) in New York, then purchased used by William B. Ogden for the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad (G&CU, the oldest predecessor of Chicago and North Western Railway). The locomotive arrived in Chicago by schooner on October 10, 1848, and it pulled the first train westbound out of the city on October 25 that year.

## History

The locomotive was built by Baldwin in 1837 for the U&S which gave it the name Alert. It worked almost a decade before being sold in 1848 to the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad. The G&CU renamed it Pioneer and used it in the construction of the G&CU until 1850, when it was loaned to the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad for work laying the first track in Chicago that summer. Pioneer was returned and became its road work locomotive. After the G&CU was merged into the Chicago and North Western (C&NW), the locomotive remained in service until it was retired in 1875 at West Chicago, IL
The locomotive has been preserved and is on display at the Chicago History Museum.
# Astilpnus

Astilpnus is a genus of beetles in the family Silvanidae, containing the following species:
* Astilpnus multistriolatus Perris, 1866
* Astilpnus reflexicollis (Motschulsky, 1868)
# Pilica

Pilica may refer to:
* Pilica (river) in south-central Poland
* Pilica (Bajina Bašta), a village in the municipality of Bajina Bašta, Serbia
* Pilica, Masovian Voivodeship, a village in east-central Poland
* Gmina Pilica, an administrative district in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
** Pilica, Silesian Voivodeship, seat of the district
* Pilica (fly), a genus of robber flies
# Astrangia solitaria

Astrangia solitaria, the dwarf cup coral or southern cup coral, is a species of stony coral in the family Rhizangiidae. It is native to shallow water in the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.

## Description

A colony of Astrangia solitaria consists of a small number of cylindrical corallites (stony cups), 4 to 6 mm (0.16 to 0.24 in) in diameter and 4 to 8 mm (0.16 to 0.31 in) high, each secreted by the polyp that sits inside it. New polyps grow on short stolons and the coenosarc (soft tissue) does not cover the skeleton in a continuous sheet as it does in most coral species. The stolons may become abraded leaving the individual polyps completely or semi-separated. The corallites can have 48 septa (stony ridges) but 36 is a more usual number. The septa of adjoining corallites are connected by wide, flat, granular costae (ridges). The colour of this coral is usually pale brown, but the corallites may have brown extremities and white bases, or even be completely white. A. solitaria can be confused with the northern cup coral (Astrangia poculata) but that species usually forms clumps with more numerous, smaller corallites. A. poculata often contains symbiotic zooxanthellae in its tissues while A. solitaria does not.

## Distribution and habitat

Astrangia solitaria is found down to depths of about 40 m (131 ft) in the western Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, including Florida, the Bahamas, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Belize. It is found on hard surfaces including coral rubble and the underside of plate corals. This coral is found in sheltered shallow water but on a particular stretch of coast on Grand Cayman, a large onshore boulder was found to harbour the remains of numerous colonies of A. solitaria that were carbon-dated to an age of six hundred years. This boulder was likely shifted onshore by a hurricane three hundred and thirty years ago, an event which would have resulted in the death of the corals.
# Astranthium

Astranthium, or Western-daisy, is a North American genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Astranthium is native to the United States and Mexico.

## Species

The genus includes the following species:
* Astranthium beamanii DeJong – Nuevo León
* Astranthium ciliatum (Raf.) G.L.Nesom – United States (Southern Plains: Texas Oklahoma Arkansas Kansas Missouri)
* Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) Nutt. – United States: (Cumberland Plateau, Ohio/Tennessee Valley: Tennessee Kentucky Mississippi Alabama Georgia West Virginia)
* Astranthium laetificum DeJong - southern Mexico
* Astranthium mexicanum (A.Gray) Larsen – Oaxaca, D.F., Mexico State, Morelos, Hidalgo
* Astranthium orthopodum (B.L.Rob. & Fernald) Larsen – Chihuahua, Durango
* Astranthium purpurascens (B.L.Rob.) Larsen – Chiapas, San Luis Potosí
* Astranthium reichei Rzed. – central Mexico
* Astranthium robustum (Shinners) De Jong – United States (western Texas)
* Astranthium splendens DeJong – Nuevo León
* Astranthium xanthocomoides (Less.) Larsen – Hidalgo, Veracruz
* Astranthium xylopodum Larsen – Jalisco
# Pingba, Anshun

Pingba District (simplified Chinese: 平坝区; traditional Chinese: 平壩區; pinyin: Píngbà Qū) is a district of the city of Anshun, Guizhou province, China.

## Administrative divisions

Pingba District is divided into 2 subdistricts, 7 towns and 2 ethnic townships:

### subdistricts

* Gulou 鼓楼街道
* Anping 安平街道

### towns

* Baiyun 白云镇
* Tianlong 天龙镇
* Gaofeng 高峰镇
* Xiayun 夏云镇
* Leping 乐平镇
* Qibo 齐伯镇
* Machang 马场镇

### ethnic townships

* Shizi Hui and Miao Ethnic Township 十字回族苗族乡
* Yangchang Bouyei and Miao Ethnic Township 羊昌布依族苗族乡

## Climate

Climate data for Pingba, elevation 1,298 m (4,259 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) | 30.1 (86.2) | 32.5 (90.5) | 33.8 (92.8) | 35.3 (95.5) | 33.4 (92.1) | 35.1 (95.2) | 35.2 (95.4) | 34.6 (94.3) | 30.9 (87.6) | 27.8 (82.0) | 22.8 (73.0) | 35.3 (95.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) | 11.2 (52.2) | 15.7 (60.3) | 20.8 (69.4) | 23.5 (74.3) | 25.0 (77.0) | 26.8 (80.2) | 27.3 (81.1) | 24.5 (76.1) | 19.2 (66.6) | 15.5 (59.9) | 10.0 (50.0) | 18.9 (66.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) | 6.8 (44.2) | 10.7 (51.3) | 15.6 (60.1) | 18.7 (65.7) | 20.9 (69.6) | 22.5 (72.5) | 22.3 (72.1) | 19.6 (67.3) | 15.3 (59.5) | 11.2 (52.2) | 6.2 (43.2) | 14.5 (58.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.1 (35.8) | 4.1 (39.4) | 7.6 (45.7) | 12.1 (53.8) | 15.4 (59.7) | 18.1 (64.6) | 19.7 (67.5) | 19.1 (66.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 12.8 (55.0) | 8.5 (47.3) | 3.7 (38.7) | 11.6 (53.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −5.5 (22.1) | −3.4 (25.9) | 2.5 (36.5) | 5.6 (42.1) | 11.8 (53.2) | 11.8 (53.2) | 13.0 (55.4) | 9.1 (48.4) | 1.8 (35.2) | −3.3 (26.1) | −5.9 (21.4) | −6.2 (20.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 30.2 (1.19) | 24.3 (0.96) | 39.9 (1.57) | 75.3 (2.96) | 180.0 (7.09) | 291.3 (11.47) | 233.3 (9.19) | 149.1 (5.87) | 108.1 (4.26) | 98.9 (3.89) | 40.4 (1.59) | 22.5 (0.89) | 1,293.3 (50.93) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 17.0 | 14.4 | 16.2 | 16.1 | 17.5 | 19.3 | 16.6 | 14.6 | 12.5 | 16.8 | 12.5 | 13.6 | 187.1 |
| Average snowy days | 4.8 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 9.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 81 | 79 | 77 | 78 | 82 | 82 | 80 | 79 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 81 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 39.2 | 57.7 | 83.9 | 111.3 | 112.6 | 88.4 | 141.1 | 158.0 | 118.4 | 74.8 | 80.2 | 58.0 | 1,123.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 12 | 18 | 22 | 29 | 27 | 22 | 34 | 39 | 32 | 21 | 25 | 18 | 25 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# Pingbeinine

Pingbeinine is a steroidal alkaloid isolated from Fritillaria.
# Pimelea decora

Pimelea decora, commonly known as Flinders poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is native to central Queensland. It is a woody perennial herb with egg-shaped or elliptic leaves and hairy, red and cream-coloured flowers.

## Description

Pimelea decora is a woody, perennial that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1 m (1 ft 0 in – 3 ft 3 in) with many stems at the base. The leaves are usually arranged in opposite pairs, usually egg-shaped or elliptic, 15–55 mm (0.59–2.17 in) long, 6–38 mm (0.24–1.50 in) wide and glaucous. The flowers are arranged in clusters on a rachis usually 150–220 mm (5.9–8.7 in) long with 5 to 8 hairy involucral bracts but that fall off as the flowers open. The flowers are densely hairy, and red with a cream-coloured base, the floral tube 14–17 mm (0.55–0.67 in) long. The sepals are 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long and the stamens are much longer than the sepals. Flowering occurs throughout the year.

## Taxonomy

Pimelea decora was first formally described in 1928 by Karel Domin in his Bibliotheca Botanica, from specimens he collected near Hughenden in 1910. The specific epithet (decora) means "beautiful".

## Distribution and habitat

Flinders poppy grows in grassland, often in rocky soil and is found in central Queensland, mainly south-east of Hughenden. Domin noted that the species is very poisonous to livestock.
# Asura perihaemia

Asura perihaemia is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on Java.
# Asura phaeobasis

Asura phaeobasis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on the Louisiade Archipelago.
# Asura peloa

Asura peloa is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1904. It is found on Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Java and Borneo.
# Guarding of Machinery Convention, 1963

Guarding of Machinery Convention, 1963 is an International Labour Organization Convention.
It was established in 1963, with the preamble stating:
   Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the prohibition of the sale, hire and use of inadequately guarded machinery,...

## Ratifications

As of 2013, the convention has been ratified by 52 states.
# At-Bashy

At-Bashy (Kyrgyz: Ат-Башы) is a village in the Naryn Region of Kyrgyzstan, about 35km southwest of Naryn on the main highway to the Torugart Pass. It is the administrative seat of At-Bashy District. The At-Bashy Range to the south extends to Lake Chatyr-Kul. The river At-Bashy comes in from the east and then runs northwest through a gorge in the Baybiche-Too range to join the Naryn near Dostuk. It is the last considerable settlement before the Chinese border. The highway, built in 1906, runs southwest between the Baybiche-Too and At-Bashy ranges before turning south and then east to reach the pass. Its population was 14,655 in 2021. At-Bashy is also known for the white honey collected from its highlands, based on the esparcet honey plants.
# Cathal McCarron

Cathal McCarron (born 9 November 1987) is an All Ireland Winning Gaelic footballer for Tyrone. He plays his club football with Dromore St Dympna's, and has won 3 club championships with them. He has also played for Round Towers while in London since 2013, with the county team there interested in him.
McCarron has been nominated for an All Star 3 times due to his performances with Tyrone, and helped his team to the 2013 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship semi-final, which they lost to Mayo. He has coached the game for charity. He has also spoken publicly of his gambling addiction.
In April 2014 multiple pornographic videos of McCarron surfaced on a gay-for-pay website. According to Queerty, McCarron deleted his social media accounts following the discovery of the video and homophobic abuse he received on social media sites.
On 20 October 2016 McCarron released his autobiography Out of Control in Ireland and the United Kingdom. The book discusses his experience appearing in a gay porn film and his gambling addiction.
In March of 2019, McCarron announced his retirement from county football.
# Calculus of structures

In mathematical logic, the calculus of structures is a proof calculus with deep inference for studying the structural proof theory of noncommutative logic. The calculus has since been applied to study linear logic, classical logic, modal logic, and process calculi, and many benefits are claimed to follow in these investigations from the way in which deep inference is made available in the calculus.
# Jeffrey A. Nesbit

Jeffrey A. Nesbit is an American author and politician serving as the Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services for Public Affairs.

## Work

Nesbit's novel Perfect Ambition is the first of a three-book series surrounding the rise of a powerful political dynasty in American politics. His novel Peace begins the day that Israel decides to attack Iran's nuclear facilities, and explores what might happen next. Nesbit is the author of 20 novels such as The Insider, Ryun's Story and The Sioux Society with Tyndale, Zondervan, Thomas Nelson, Hodder & Stoughton, Harold Shaw (now part of Random House) and Victor Books (now David C. Cook).
He was former Vice President Dan Quayle's communications director at the White House, and a senior public affairs official in the U.S. Senate and federal agencies such as the FDA. Former FDA Commissioner David Kessler credited Nesbit with convincing the FDA to regulate the tobacco industry in the early 1990s ("A Question of Intent"). Nesbit was also a national journalist with Knight-Ridder, ABC News' (now defunct) Satellite News Channels, nationally syndicated columnist Jack Anderson and others, and managed his own public affairs consulting company. He also served as the Director of the Office of Legislative and Public Affairs at the National Science Foundation.
He and Ramona Tucker co-founded OakTara Publishers, an inspirational fiction publishing house, in 2006.
Jeff graduated from Duke University in 1978. He was on the Varsity track team and held eight school records.

## Books
### Standalone novels

* Absolutely Perfect Summer
* All the King's Horses
* The Great Nothing Strikes Back
* The Sioux Society
* The Books of El
* The Capital Conspiracy
* The Insider: A Novel
* Degrees of Betrayal: Ryun's Story

### Principalities & Powers

* Peace
* Oil
* Jude

### The Capital Crew Series

* Crosscourt Winner
* A War of Words
* The Puzzled Prodigy
* The Lost Canoe
* The Reluctant Runaway
* Struggle with Silence

### High Sierra Adventure Series

* The Legend of the Great Grizzly
* Cougar Chase
* Setting the Trap
* Mountaintop Rescue

### The Worthington Destiny Series (with Kevan Leman)

* Perfect Ambition (2015)
* A Powerful Secret (2016)
* A Primary Decision (2016)

### Nonfiction

* Poison Tea: How big oil and big tobacco invented the Tea Party and captured the GOP, 2016
* This Is the Way the World Ends: How droughts and die-offs, heat waves and hurricanes are converging on America, 2018
# James Ford (actor)

James Ford (Lawrence, Massachusetts March 21, 1903 – San Diego February 13, 1977) was an American actor in silent and sound films.

## Selected filmography

* Outcast (1928), directed by William Seiter
* Naughty Baby (1928)
* Wizard of the Saddle (1928)
* Prisoners (1929)
* Making the Grade (1929)
* House of Horror (1929)
* Children of the Ritz (1929)
# Max Hicks

Max Hicks may refer to:
* Max Hicks (American football)
* Max Hicks (rugby union)
# Madonna of the Caves

The Madonna of the Caves (Italian – Madonna delle Cave) is a tempera on panel painting measuring 32 cm 29.6 cm. It was painted in 1488-1490 by the Italian painter Andrea Mantegna and is now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.
It is named after a stone quarry in the right-hand background, where workers are carving out a capital, a slab, part of a column shaft and a sarcophagus, perhaps alluding to Christ future flagellation and burial. The rock on which the Virgin sits may also be intended to represent the summit of Calvary, whilst in the left-hand background are a shepherd and his flock, farmers gathering hay from a field, a castle and a road leading to a distant walled city. Fiocco argues that the background is based on Carrara whilst Kristeller instead identifies it with Monte Bolca between Vicenza and Verona. Some interpret the shift from dark to light moving from right to left across the background as an allegory of redemption through Christ and the Church, with Mary as the mother of both.

## Dating

Its dating to 1488–1490 is based on Giorgio Vasari's description of Francesco I de' Medici's collections, which attributes it to Mantegna's time in Rome. Some have linked it to a work commissioned from Mantegna by Lorenzo de' Medici and mentioned in a letter from Lorenzo. Other historians date it differently due to its style and figuration. However, Mantegna's re-use of certain themes like rocky backgrounds throughout his career makes it difficult to date uncertain works definitively.