OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Patrick Bienert

Patrick Bienert (born 1980) is a German photographer who works on long-term projects of portrait, landscape and documentary photography. He predominantly documents youth culture and transformation on the borders of Eastern Europe. In January 2020, he published the book East End of Europe, about a pro-European generation in Georgia. In 2017, Bienert published the book Wake Up Nights, about young nightlife culture in Ukraine.
His projects are grounded in cultures and identity in relation to the history and its traces between the land and its inhabitants.

## Early life and education

Bienert was born in 1980 and grew up in Munich, Germany, where he studied photography at the Bayerische Staatslehranstalt für Photographie and the Munich University of Applied Sciences until 2006.

## Career

His photography project East End of Europe about a pro-European generation in Georgia was published in 2020 as a book by Kahl Editions. Another Magazine included the monograph in its list of must-have photo books in 2020. Other bodies of Bienert's work include Asmara (2013), in which he photographed both the modernist architecture of Asmara, the capital of Eritrea, from the period of the Italian colonisation, and the city's current inhabitants; Clothing Trade, a project about the second-hand clothing industry in Tunisia (2018); and Banks of Dnister (2019), for which he followed the Dnister river along its route through Moldova, the breakaway state Transnistria and Ukraine, portraying the youth culture and the landscapes in the post-Soviet states.
Bienert's work has been published in The New York Times Magazine, The Atlantic, Double Magazine and Zeit Magazin. In 2018 he received a grant from the Goethe-Institut to work on his project about the second-hand clothing industry in Tunisia. His personal projects have been exhibited at OFR Galerie in Paris; Deichtorhallen, Hamburg, Germany; Amphithéâtre de Carthage, Tunisia; and Store Studios, London. Commissioned by the fashion brand Jil Sander, Bienert photographed at the Italian island of Ponza for the brand's pre-fall 2020 advertisements.

## Publications

* Wake Up Nights. Self-published, 2017. Edition of 500 copies.
* East End of Europe. With an essay by Florian Illies. Kahl, 2020. ISBN 978-0995761162. Edition of 500 copies.

## Exhibitions

* Asmara, Deichtorhallen, Hamburg, Germany, 2013
* Wake up Nights, Store Studios London, 2018
* Post Soviet Visions, Wake up Nights, Calvert 22 Foundation, London, 2018
* Wake up Nights, Capitis Studios, Berlin, 2018
* Wake up Nights, Ngorongoro, Berlin, 2018
* Clothing Trade, Tbilisi Photo Festival, Tbilisi, Georgia, 2019
* Conversations, Webber Gallery, London, 2018
* East End of Europe, Republic Square, Tbilisi, Georgia, 2019
* Clothing Trade, Amphithéâtre de Carthage, Tunisia, 2019
* East End of Europe, OFR Galerie, Paris, 2020

## Films

* Kiev (2018) – short film

## Awards

* Rovinj Photodays Award, Clothing Trade, Grand Prix, 2020
# Crabtree Ledge Light

Crabtree Ledge Light was a sparkplug lighthouse on Frenchman Bay, Maine. It was first established in 1890 and deactivated in 1933. It was a brown conical tower on a black cylindrical pier located on Crabtree Ledge, about one mile off Crabtree Neck at the north end of Frenchman Bay. Crabtree is named after the American privateer Captain Agreen Crabtree, the first settler of Hancock.
# Thomas Forrester (disambiguation)

Thomas Forrester is a fictional character.
Thomas Forrester may also refer to:
* Thomas Forrester (politician) (1790–1841), merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia
* Thomas Forrester (cricketer) (1873–1927), English cricketer
* Thomas Forrester (theologian) (1635?–1706), Scottish theologian
* Tom Forrester (1864–?), footballer
* Thomas Forrester (architect) (1838–1907), New Zealand architect
* Thomas Forrester, presenter and antiques expert on British television programme Bargain Hunt
# George C. Hadjipanayis

George C. Hadjipanayis is a Greek physicist.
Hadjipanayis completed his Bachelor of Science degree in physics at the University of Athens in 1969. He then moved to Canada to pursue further study in the subject, and obtained a Master of Science in 1974, followed by a doctorate in 1979, both from the University of Manitoba. Hadjipanayis teaches at the University of Delaware. In 2001, he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society, "f[or]" his innovative and applicable investigations and development of novel permanent magnets and magnetic nanoparticles.
# Italy–Slovenia border

The Italian–Slovenian border is a 232-kilometre (144 mi) land border between the Republic of Italy and the Republic of Slovenia.

## Path

The border starts in the Alps at the tripoint connecting the Austria–Italy border and the Austria–Slovenia border. It ends at the Adriatic Sea.

## Road crossings

* SS54 / 202
* SS54 / 203
* SR646 / 401
* SS54 / 102
* SP14 / 402
* Road 402 between Podsabotin and Nova Gorica, both in Slovenia, goes through Italy for 1.6 km (1.0 mi). It was built after the 1975 treaty for Yugoslav usage without border control, but with fences and two bridges over it.
* Several streets in Gorizia (Italy) and Nova Gorica, which lie next to each other.
* A34 / H4
* SP6 / 617
* SR58 / A3 / E61 + E70
* SP10 / 205
* SS14 / E61 / 7
* SP13 / 627
* SS15 / H5
* SP14 / 406
Sources:

## History

Until 1991, it was the border between Italy and Yugoslavia. When Slovenia gained independence in 1991, it became the Italian–Slovenian border. The border has been an EU internal border since 2003 and a Schengen border since 2007.
Between 1920 and 1947 the border between Italy and Kingdom of Yugoslavia went further east. The definition of the border between Italy and Yugoslavia dates back to the Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947. Some changes were made in 1954 (when the Free Territory of Trieste was divided between Italy and Yugoslavia), 1975 (Treaty of Osimo, some adjustments) and 2017 (slight change to reflect current course of a river).
# La Paz, Paraguay

La Paz is a district in the Itapúa Department of Paraguay.
# Type Ia sensory fiber

A type Ia sensory fiber, or a primary afferent fiber, is a type of afferent nerve fiber. It is the sensory fiber of a stretch receptor called the muscle spindle found in muscles, which constantly monitors the rate at which a muscle stretch changes. The information carried by type Ia fibers contributes to the sense of proprioception.

## Function of muscle spindles

For the body to keep moving properly and with finesse, the nervous system has to have a constant input of sensory data coming from areas such as the muscles and joints. In order to receive a continuous stream of sensory data, the body has developed special sensory receptors called proprioceptors. Muscle spindles are a type of proprioceptor, and they are found inside the muscle itself. They lie parallel with the contractile fibers. This gives them the ability to monitor muscle length with precision.

## Types of sensory fibers

This change in length of the spindle is transduced (transformed into electric membrane potentials) by two types of sensory afferents, whose cell bodies are located in dorsal root ganglia located next to the spinal cord.
The two kinds of sensory fibers are different with respect to the kind of potentials they generate:
| Type | Primary/secondary | Response |
| Type Ia | primary | Respond to the rate of change in muscle length, as well as to change in velocity, rapidly adapting |
| Type Ib | N/A | In Golgi tendon organ, responds to muscle tension changes |
| Type II | secondary | Provide position sense of a still muscle, fire when muscle is static |
The first of the two main groups of stretch receptors wrapping the intrafusal fibers are the Ia fiber, which are the largest and fastest fibers, and they fire when the muscle is stretching. They are characterized by their rapid adaptation, because as soon as the muscle stops changing length, the Ia stop firing and adapt to the new length. Ia fibers essentially supply proprioceptive information about the rate of change of its respective muscle: the derivative of the muscle's length (or position).
Type Ia fibers connect to both nuclear bag fibers and nuclear chain fibers. These connections are also called "annulospiral endings", deriving from the Latin word annulus which means "a ring-shaped area or structure".

## Efferent innervation

In addition, the spindle also has a motor efferent innervation carried by the efferent nerve fibers of gamma motor neurons, which is used by the nervous system to modify the spindle's sensitivity.

## Termination of afferents

Proprioceptive afferents send central axons through the dorsal root of spinal nerve bifurcating into ascending and descending branches, which in turn send branches to multiple spinal segments. Some branches synapse at the dorsal horn and some at the ventral horn (where the motor neurons are) which mediate different responses including stretch reflex. Ascending pathways to the brain have some similarities with the cutaneous afferents, but are different because the proprioceptive information also has to reach the cerebellum which controls the timings of muscle contractions for voluntary movements.
# Sôr Brook

The Sôr Brook is a right bank tributary of the River Usk running largely in Monmouthshire in south Wales, though the watercourse forms the boundary with neighbouring Torfaen in places. Its uppermost reaches were inundated by the construction of Llandegfedd Reservoir which opened in May 1965 It now flows from beneath the dam of the reservoir southwards past Llandegveth to join the Usk in its tidal reach 1 km northeast of Caerleon.
# Talinhuippu

Talinhuippu (‘The Tali hilltop’) is a former dumping ground known as the Iso-Huopalahti dumping ground and was one of the “big three” dumping grounds in Helsinki at the time it was in operation. The site is located at the boundary between Helsinki and Espoo and was in use from 1963 to 1979. It is located between Talinranta, the Tali Golf Course and the Vermo harness racing track, on the northern shore of the Laajalahti Bay, north of Tarvo Island and Finnish national road 1.

## History

The Iso-Huopalahti dumping ground was one of the big three rubbish dumps in Helsinki. The other two were the Pasila dumping ground (1949–63, before 1949 the Finnish State Railways dumping ground) and the Vuosaari dumping ground (1966–1975 ja 1979–1988).
After the Pasila dumping ground was closed, the Iso-Huopalahti dumping ground became the main dumping ground of Helsinki. It was located near the Tali sewage treatment plant and the Tali Golf Course, between the brooks of Mätäjoki and Monikonpuro. It was earlier a shoreline meadow, but then the top soil was removed and the landfill with the dump was begun on top of clay land. At the end of the 1960s, the dumping ground was enlarged so that it ended up covering parts of the bay as well. Blasted stone was used to separate the rubbish from the seawater. Most of the rubbish accumulated during the 1970s. In the end much more accumulated than the clay base could bear, since there was no alternative at the time. Finally, the dumping ground sank so that the rubbish from the 1960s is now below the water line. The total amount of the waste is around 3.5 million cubic metres (120×10^$^6$ cu ft).
In the 1960s and 1970s, those driving along the Finnish national road 1 toward Turku (then called the Tarvo Highway, from the nearby Tarvo Island), could see the nature of the place easily from a distance. Also noticeable were the great amounts of seagulls.

## Talinhuippu today

Outwardly Talinhuippu Hill looks like any landfill site, and due to the growth of the trees, it can no longer be discerned from natural hills. The view to the Laajalahti Bay is beginning to grow when the gas emissions from the dumping ground ceased. Earlier these emissions prevented the growth of flora at the site.
The area has recreational paths and minor roads connected to the nearby Vermo harness racing track and a training ground owned by the city of Helsinki, and used e.g. by Helsingin Palveluskoiraharrastajat ry (‘The Helsinki Care Dog Society’) and other associations. In addition to this, the area has a frisbee golf course, which is 1,865 metres (6,119 ft) long with a par of 58. In the winter, the Tali Golf Course skiing tracks (6.5 kilometres [4.0 mi]) extend to Talinhuippu and beyond.
# France at the European Athletics Championships

France at the European Athletics Championships has participated in all editions of the European Athletics Championships, held since the first edition of 1934 European Athletics Championships.

## Medal count

| Edition | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1934 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 1938 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 1946 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 11 |
| 1950 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 15 |
| 1954 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| 1958 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1962 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 1966 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 14 |
| 1969 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 7 |
| 1971 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 1974 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| 1978 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 1982 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 1986 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 1990 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 1994 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| 1998 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2002 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 |
| 2006 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 2010 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 18 |
| 2012 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 14 |
| 2014 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 25 |
| 2016 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 10 |
| 2018 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 |
| 2022 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2024 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 16 |
| Total | 73 | 74 | 72 | 219 |
# South Fork Elk River

The South Fork Elk River is a 13.5-mile-long (21.7 km) stream in Colorado in the United States. It flows from a source near Dome Lake in Routt National Forest north of Steamboat Springs to a confluence with the Elk River.
# Austria at the 2022 European Athletics Championships

Austria competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in Munich, Germany, between 15 and 21 August 2022

## Results

Austria entered the following athletes.

### Key

* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* PB = Personal best
* SB = Season best
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event

### Men
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Markus Fuchs | 100 metres | Bye | 10.42 | 23 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Andreas Vojta | 10,000 metres | — | 29:56.71 | 22 |
| Niklas Strohmeyer-Dangl | 400 metres hurdles | 51.21 | 24 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

#### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Riccardo Klotz | Pole vault | 5.30 | 21 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Lukas Weißhaidinger | Discus throw | 65.48 | 5 q | 63.02 | 9 |

### Women
#### Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Semifinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Magdalena Lindner | 100 metres | 11.58 | 16 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Susanne Walli | 200 metres | 23.45 | 16 q | 23.73 | 21 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Susanne Walli | 400 metres | 51.73 SB | 5 Q | 52.58 | 20 | did not advance | did not advance |
| Julia Mayer | 10,000 metres | — | 33:57.29 | 18 |
| Lena Pressler | 400 metres hurdles | 57.33 | 18 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
| Lena Millonig | 3000 metres steeplechase | 9:57.50 | 19 | — | did not advance | did not advance |
| Magdalena Lindner Lena Pressler Viktoria Wallhuber Susanne Walli | 4 × 100 metres relay | DQ | DQ | — | did not advance | did not advance |

#### Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Victoria Hudson | Javelin throw | 60.49 | 5 q | 56.07 | 10 |

#### Combined events – Heptathlon

| Athlete | Event | 100H | HJ | SP | 200 m | LJ | JT | 800 m | Final | Rank |
| Ivona Dadic | Result | 13.70 SB | 1.77 SB | 14.31 | DQ | DNS | DNF | DNF | DNF | DNF |
| Ivona Dadic | Points | 1021 | 941 | 815 | 0 | DNS | DNF | DNF | DNF | DNF |
# Parichay

Parichay may refer to:
* Parichay (film), a 1972 Indian film
* Parichay (singer), Indo-Canadian singer
* "Parichay" (song), a 2019 song by Amit Bhadana
* Parichay (TV series), a 2011–13 Indian television series
* Parichay Das, Indian writer
* Parichay Times, a Hindi daily newspaper
# Italy–Saudi Arabia relations

Relations between Italy and Saudi Arabia are the bilateral relations between two nations. Italy has an embassy in Riyadh and Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Rome.

## History

Historically, the ancient Roman Empire had built its connection to various parts of the Arabian peninsula, where rich archaeological findings had been found fostering the relations.
Italy and the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz and its Dependencies first established a tie on 10 February 1932 when a treaty of friendship was signed by Italian Consul Guido Sollazzo and Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal in Jeddah. The relations continued following the establishment of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on 22 September 1932 and a treaty of trade was signed by the parties on the same date. However, during the 1934 Saudi–Yemeni War, Italy provided support for the Yemenis against the Saudis, and this had drawn criticism from the Saudis. Nonetheless, it affected little and the relations between the two countries went on uninterrupted.
In World War II, when Italy was involved, Saudi Arabia declared neutrality while severing all relations with the Axis Powers, of which Italy was a member; its oil revenues were subsidized by the Allies. On 13 January 1951, Saudi Arabia established its legation in Rome and appointed Muwaffaq Al Alusi as minister.

## Modern relations

Following the end of World War II, Italy and Saudi Arabia were quick to re-establish ties and the two nations became major economic partners. In 2013, Italy and Saudi Arabia celebrated their 80th year of relations. Italy is also committed to financing specific cultural activities such as lectures and seminars held in Saudi Arabia by Italian professors, from various Italian Universities and research centers, and by chairs of the Arab language and/or Islamic art and culture. Currently, efforts are underway to revive such exchanges between the academic institutions of both countries.
In 2018, Italian Minister of the Interior Matteo Salvini hosted Saudi Ambassador and praised Saudi Arabia.
In 2020, Italian Foreign Minister Angelino Alfano described the relations as "good" and "expanding"; Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir also hailed the relations as "historic".

## Military cooperation

Since the Yemeni conflict broke out in 2014, Italy has emerged as a major weapon supplier to Saudi Arabia when the Kingdom intervened to support Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, this had generated criticism in Italy due to it being used to kill indiscriminately civilians in Yemen.
Between 2019 and 2020, protests against Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen had led to Italian worker unions to several times refusing to load ships for the conflict.
Italian government has faced pressure to prevent all arms export to Saudi Arabia in allegation of war crimes committed by Saudi military against Yemenis.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Italy has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah.
* Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Rome.
# Sõgula

Sõgula is a village in Kiili Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia.
# Gerak Khas

Gerak Khas (Malaysian Malay for "special forces") may refer to:
* Gerak Khas (Malaysian Army unit)
** 21 Gerup Gerak Khas, a command overseeing Gerak Khas
* Gerak Khas (TV series), about a special police unit
** Gerak Khas The Movie, a film based on the TV series
# State Highway 70 (Uttar Pradesh)

Uttar Pradesh State Highway 70 (UP SH 70) passes

## Start

State Highway 70 starts at Jalaun SH21

## Route

* Jalaun
* Bangra
* Bhinda Marg (State Border)
Route in Openstreetmap
# Thitarodes damxungensis

Thitarodes damxungensis is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae. It was described by D.R. Yang in 1995, and is known from the Tibet Autonomous Region in China.
# Paraguayan futsal league system

Futsal in Paraguay is made up of a pyramidal system of interconnected leagues (divisions), whose highest category is the Liga Premium. All categories are organized by the Futsal Division of the Paraguayan Football Association.
At the end of each season, and depending on the results obtained, the participating teams can be promoted or relegated from its division.

## Participating clubs (2024)
### Liga Premium

* AFEMEC
* Campo Alto
* Cerro Porteño
* Exa Ysaty
* Humaitá
* Olimpia
* Presidente Hayes
* San Cristóbal
* Sport Colonial
* Star’s Club
* Villa Hayes

### Categoría Honor

* 3 de Mayo
* Ameliano
* Coronel Escurra
* Filosofía
* Gaspar R. de Francia
* Recoleta
* San Gerónimo
* Santaní
* Teniente Rojas Silva
* Villa Virginia

### Categoría Primera

* Atlántida
* Deportivo Sajonia
* Fernando de la Mora
* Fomento de Fátima
* Fulgencio Yegros
* General Genes
* Jovenes Unidos
* Oriental
* Universidad Americana
# Senator Barrow

Senator Barrow may refer to:

## Members of the United States Senate

* Alexander Barrow (1801–1846), U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1841 to 1846
* Middleton P. Barrow (1839–1903), U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1882 to 1883

## United States state senate members

* Regina Barrow (born 1966), Louisiana State Senate
* Washington Barrow (1807–1866), Tennessee State Senate
# Pteronemacheilus lucidorsum

Pteronemacheilus lucidorsum is a species of stone loach endemic to the Irrawaddy Basin, Myanmar.
# La Película Viviente: Mixtape

La Película Viviente: Mixtape (English: The Living Movie) is the mixtape by Guelo Star, released in 2009.

## Track listing

* La Película Viviente (Intro)
* Se Reventó El Party
* La Peli La Peli
* Fuma Blones (featuring Chyno Nyno)
* La Puti Puerca (Remix) (featuring Jamsha, De La Ghetto, Chyno Nyno & Ñejo & Dalmata)
* Sendo Cohete (featuring Jamsha)
* Reggaeton Pa Tol Mundo
* Déjate Sentir (featuring Zion & Lennox)
* Mala Influencia (featuring Jory)
* What You Wanna Do (featuring De La Ghetto)
* Te Conocí (featuring DJ Blass)
* Guillate Cabrón (featuring Speedy)
* Disco Party (featuring Arcángel)
* Película Viviente
* Azótala Bien
* Bailoteo (featuring Syko)
* Adicta Al Perreo
* Confusión (Remix) (featuring MC Ceja)
* Pobre Igual Que Yo (featuring Pito Piquete & Tony Lenta)
* Que Tú Dices
* La Impresión (featuring Jory & Nova)
* Los Celos (featuring Neme de Ponce)
* Levantese (featuring Voltio)
* Actívate (featuring MC Ceja)
* Así Es Mi Vida (featuring Syko, Cosculluela, De La Ghetto & Yomo)
* Somos de Calle (Remix) (featuring Daddy Yankee, Arcángel, De La Ghetto, MC Ceja, Voltio, Ñejo, Chyno Nyno, Cosculluela, Baby Rasta)
# Genycharax

Genycharax tarpon is a species of characin endemic to Colombia, where it is found in the upper Rio Cauca. It is the only member of its genus.