OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Information display systems

"Information display systems" (IDS) is the general designation for the control panels and displays of Russian (and previous Soviet) spacecraft. For example, the original Soyuz 7K-OK spacecraft used the "Sirius-7k" IDS.
| IDS | Components or features | Spacecraft |
| SIS-1-3KA (Globus IMP) | | Vostok 1 (3KA) |
| SIS-2-3KA | | Vostok 2 (3KA) |
| SIS-3-3KV | | Voskhod 1 (3KV) |
| SIS-4-3KD | | Voskhod 2 (3KD) |
| STVOR | EVA controls | Voskhod 2 (3KD) |
| Sirius-7K | | Soyuz 7K-OK, Soyuz 7K-OKS, Soyuz 7K-T |
| Saturn | | Soyuz 7K-L1 |
| Uran and Orion | | Soyuz 7K-LOK |
| Luch | | LK (spacecraft) |
| Sirius-A8 | | Soyuz 7K-TM |
| Sirius-M | | Soyuz 7K-TM |
| Sirius-17K and POV | | Salyut 1 |
| Mirzam-17K | PODU-1 and 2 panels for the unified propulsion system (ODU) | Salyut 7 |
| Mars | | Almaz |
| BIPS | | Almaz |
| DISK-1A | | Almaz |
| Iupiter | used in the cargo compartment; PGO-1 and 2 panels | TKS (spacecraft) |
| Ikar | used in the return module; PVA-1 and 2 panels | TKS (spacecraft) |
| Pluton | equipment and emergency warning signal | Mir |
| Mirzam-1A | unified propulsion system | Mir |
| POV | EVA control panel | Mir |
| Simvol | guidance and navigation control system | Mir |
| Stek | | Mir |
| Strela | | Mir |
| Vega-1-GLI | IDS for the commander and the pilot (workstations 1 and 2) | Buran OK-GLI |
| Vega-2-GLI | IDS for the onboard engineer (workstation 3) | Buran OK-GLI |
| Vega (1 to 5) | IDSs for the commander and the pilot (workstations 1 and 2), onboard engineer (workstation 3), rendezvous operator (workstation 3), manipulator operator (workstation 4) and payload operator (workstation 5) | Buran (spacecraft) |
| Neptun | | Soyuz T |
| Simvol | guidance and navigation control system | Soyuz T |
| Neptun-M | | Soyuz TM |
| Simvol | guidance and navigation control system | Soyuz TM |
| Neptun-ME | | Soyuz TMA |
| Simvol | guidance and navigation control system | Soyuz TMA |
| InPU | based on a VGA monitor | ISS |
| PSS | emergency warning signal system in the Zvezda and Zarya modules | ISS |
| POV | for the docking module | ISS |
# Alkaliflexus

Alkaliflexus is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteria).

## Etymology

The name Alkaliflexus derives from: Neo-Latin noun alkali (from Arabic al-qalyi, the ashes of saltwort), soda ash; Latin participle adjective flexus, bent; Neo-Latin masculine gender noun Alkaliflexus, referring to life in basic surroundings and to bending/flexible cells.

## Species

The genus contains a single species, namely A. imshenetskii ( Zhilina et al. 2005, (Type species of the genus).; Neo-Latin genitive case masculine gender noun imshenetskii, of Imshenetskii, named after Aleksandr A. Imshenetskii (1905–1992), a microbiologist who devoted much of his research to the microbial degradation of cellulose, and gliding bacteria.)
# Sainte-Croix, Drôme

Sainte-Croix (French pronunciation: ; Vivaro-Alpine: Santa Crotz) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
# Mneseus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Mneseus (Ancient Greek: Μνησεύς) was one of the ten sons of Poseidon and Cleito in Plato's myth of Atlantis.

## Family

Mneseus was the elder brother of Autochton and his other siblings were Atlas and Eumelus, Ampheres and Evaemon, Elasippus and Mestor, and lastly, Azaes and Diaprepes.

## Mythology

Mneseus, along with his nine siblings, became the heads of ten royal houses, each ruling a tenth portion of the island, according to a partition made by Poseidon himself, but all subject to the supreme dynasty of Atlas who was the eldest of the ten.
# Anglo-German Friendship Committee

The Anglo-German Friendship Committee was a London-based association founded in 1905 to promote the improvement of cordial relations between Great Britain and Germany.
The Committee was launched on 1 December 1905 at a meeting in Caxton Hall, London. Its principal founders were the banker and politician Lord Avebury and the politician Lord Courtney. The pacifist Baroness Bertha von Suttner, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in the same month, was also involved. F. W. Fox became the honorary secretary. The committee's establishment was welcomed by prominent German-Americans, who sent a telegram of support to the inaugural meeting. The German ambassador in London and the British ambassador in Berlin both also expressed their approval.
# Charles Stourton, 15th Baron Stourton

Charles Stourton, 15th Baron Stourton (2 March 1702 – 11 March 1753) was the son of Charles Stourton (1669–1739), himself the third son of William Stourton, 12th Baron Stourton. Charles' mother was Katherine Frompton (died 1736). Charles was the eldest of five children, with one brother and sisters; Mary (1706–1764), Jane (1708–1769) and Katherine (1710–1777).
Charles succeeded his childless uncle Thomas in 1744 and was succeeded by his brother William in 1753.
He married Catherine Walmesley (1697 – 31 January 1785), widow of Robert Petre, 7th Baron Petre, on 2 April 1733. They had no children.
# Charles Stourton, 24th Baron Mowbray

Charles Stourton, 21st Baron Stourton, 25th Baron Segrave, 24th Baron Mowbray (23 May 1867 – 29 July 1936) was the son of Alfred Joseph Stourton, 20th Baron Stourton, 24th Baron Segrave and 23rd Baron Mowbray and Mary Margaret Corbally, daughter of Matthew Corbally MP, of Corbalton Hall, County Meath, Ireland, and the Hon. Matilda Margaret Preston.
He married Mary Constable in 1893. They had four children:
* Hon Winifred Mary Stourton (21 Aug. 1894-2 Dec. 1904)
* William Marmaduke Stourton, 22nd Baron Stourton, 26th Baron Segrave and 25th Baron Mowbray (31 Aug 1895 – 7 May 1965)
* Maj. Hon. John Joseph Stourton (5 March 1899-2 Feb. 1992) married Kathleen Alice Gunther, and together they had two sons and two daughters.
* Hon Charlotte Mary Stourton (20 Jan 1904 – 4 June 2003)
He was something of an amateur historian with a particular interest in his own family's history. In 1899 he privately published History of the Noble Family of Stourton, which contains much useful information, though it possibly exaggerates the role his family played in English history.
Peerage of England :
| Preceded byAlfred Joseph Stourton | Baron Mowbray Baron Segrave Baron Stourton 1893–1936 | Succeeded byWilliam Stourton |
# Kawęczyn, Busko County

Kawęczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Korczyn, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Nowy Korczyn, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 65 km (40 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.
# Kawęczyn

Kawęczyn may refer to the following places:
* Kawęczyn, Turek County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Września County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Inowrocław County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Toruń County in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Piotrków County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Radomsko County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Skierniewice County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Janów Lubelski County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Opole Lubelskie County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Ryki County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Świdnik County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Zamość County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Garwolin County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Gmina Konstancin-Jeziorna in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Gmina Tarczyn in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Sochaczew County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Podkarpackie Voivodeship (south-east Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Busko County in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn, Jędrzejów County in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Kawęczyn Sędziszowski in Ropczyce-Sędziszów County in Podkarpackie Voivodeship (southeast Poland)
* Kawęczyn-Wygoda, within Rembertów, Warsaw
# TDRS-11

TDRS-11, known before launch as TDRS-K, is an American communications satellite which is operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. The eleventh Tracking and Data Relay Satellite is the first third-generation spacecraft.
TDRS-11 was constructed by Boeing, and is based on the BSS-601HP satellite bus. Fully fuelled, it has a mass of 3,454 kilograms (7,615 lb), and is expected to operate for 15 years. It carries two steerable antennas capable of providing S, Ku and Ka band communications for other spacecraft, plus an array of additional S-band transponders to allow communications at a lower data rate with greater numbers of spacecraft.
TDRS-11 was launched at 01:48 UTC on 31 January 2013, at the beginning of a 40-minute launch window. United Launch Alliance performed the launch using an Atlas V carrier rocket, tail number AV-036, flying in the 401 configuration. Liftoff occurred from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and the rocket placed its payload into a geostationary transfer orbit.
Following its arrival in geosynchronous orbit, the satellite underwent on-orbit testing. It was handed over to NASA in August 2013, receiving its operational designation TDRS-11. After its arrival on-station at 171 degrees west the satellite began its final phase of testing prior to entry into service at the end of November. As of May 2020, it was positioned at 174 degrees west.
# Charleston Airport (disambiguation)

Charleston International Airport (FAA: CHS) serves Charleston, South Carolina, United States, and is one of the busiest airports in the Southeast.
Charleston Airport may also refer to:
* Charleston Executive Airport, a general aviation airport serving Charleston, South Carolina, United States (FAA: JZI)
* Charleston Municipal Airport, serving Charleston, Mississippi, United States (FAA: 09M)
* Coles County Memorial Airport, serving Mattoon / Charleston, Illinois, United States (FAA: MTO)
* Mississippi County Airport, serving Charleston, Missouri, United States (FAA: CHQ)
* Yeager Airport, serving Charleston, West Virginia, United States (FAA: CRW)
# Charles Joy

Charles Joy may refer to:
* Charles Frederick Joy (1849–1921), U.S. Representative from Missouri
* C. Turner Joy (1895–1956), admiral of the United States Navy
* Charles Joy (engineer) (1911–1989), British aeronautical engineer
* Charles A. Joy (1823–1891), American chemist
# Schitter

Schitter is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Balthasar Schitter (1793–1868), Austrian Catholic prelate and auxiliary bishop
* Tessy Bamberg-Schitter (born 1980), Luxembourgian footballer
# TE buffer

TE buffer is a commonly used buffer solution in molecular biology, especially in procedures involving DNA, cDNA or RNA. "TE" is derived from its components: Tris, a common pH buffer, and EDTA, a molecule that chelates cations like Mg$^{2+}$. The purpose of TE buffer is to solubilize DNA or RNA, while protecting it from degradation.

## Recipe

A typical recipe for making 1X TE buffer is:
* 10 mM Tris, bring to pH 8.0 with HCl
* 1 mM EDTA, bring to pH 8.0 with NaOH
TE buffer is also known as T$_{10}$E$_1$ buffer, which can be read as "T ten E one buffer". To make a 100 ml solution of T$_{10}$E$_1$ buffer, 1 ml of 1 M Tris base (pH 10–11) and 0.2 ml EDTA (0.5 M) are mixed and made up with double distilled water up to 100ml. Add microliter amounts of high molarity HCl to lower the pH to 8.
Based on nuclease studies from the 1980s, the pH is usually adjusted to 7.5 for RNA and 8.0 for DNA. The respective DNA and RNA nucleases are supposed to be less active at these pH values, but pH 8.0 can safely be used for storage of both DNA and RNA.
EDTA further inactivates DNase, by binding to metal cations required by this enzyme.
Genomic and plasmid DNA can be stored in TE Buffer at 4 °C (39.2 °F) for short-term use, or -20 °C (-4 °F) to -80 °C (-112 °F) for long-term storage. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.

## Low TE or TE Low EDTA

The operation of the TE buffer is based on chelating metal cations such as Mg$^{2+}$. The problem is that the PCR polymerase also requires Mg$^{2+}$ to function, so if the amount of EDTA is too high it can affect the PCR. There is a version of TE buffer with 10 times less amount of EDTA that is very frequently used for the forensic STR kits. Due to the use of kits with multiplex amplification, it is necessary to have a lower amount of EDTA in the sample so as not to interfere with the Mg$^{2+}$ present in the reaction. If regular TE buffer is used to dilute the sample, an imbalance will be observed in the DNA profile, while Low TE will have a better balance. The Low TE buffer or TE Low EDTA buffer is composed of 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) + 0.1 mM EDTA.
# T92 Howitzer Motor Carriage

The 240 mm howitzer motor carriage T92 was a self-propelled howitzer developed by the United States during World War II. The same mounting with the 8-inch gun M1 was developed as the T93. Neither was built in significant numbers and the war ended before they could be used in combat.

## History

The towed 240 mm howitzer M1 was difficult to use due to its weight. Experience with the 155 mm howitzer on the M4 chassis suggested it might be possible to mount it on the Heavy Tank T26E3 (which was formally named "heavy tank M26 Pershing" in March 1945) chassis, and that the 8-inch gun could also be mounted as part of a planned "heavy combat team" using the same chassis (other members would be the T26E5 assault tank and T84 8-inch HMC). The latter was given the designation T93 gun motor carriage.
The chassis needed to be lengthened with addition of an extra road wheel, to give seven each side. The drive sprocket was also moved to the front.
A limited procurement of four pilot vehicles was ordered in March 1945, and the first was finished in July of that year; only five would be built in total. Two T93s were completed by September. All contracts were terminated with the end of the hostilities.

## Service

The trials of the T92 and T93 showed that they would be useful in Operation Downfall, the planned invasion of the Japanese mainland. To this end, special fuses for the shells were developed so they could be used against concrete. The T92s and T93s were being readied for sending to the Pacific War but the Japanese surrender occurred on 14 August 1945.

## Preserved vehicles

A surviving T92 is preserved at the Detroit Arsenal in Warren, Michigan.

## Variants

A similar vehicle was also built in conjunction with the T92, the T93 gun motor carriage which mounted the longer 8-inch gun M1 instead of the 240 mm howitzer.
# Scinax oreites

Scinax oreites is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, swamps, intermittent freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Scinax pedromedinae

Scinax pedromedinae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the upper Amazon basin of eastern Peru, northern Bolivia, and western Brazil; its range might extent to extreme southeastern Colombia.
Scinax pedromedinae inhabit lowland tropical rainforest. Eggs are deposited in temporary pools. It can be locally very abundant. It can locally suffer from habitat loss but is not threatened overall.
# Scinax rogerioi

Scinax cabralensis is a frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Scientists observed some of these frogs 1070 meters above sea level.

## Morphology

The adult male frog measures 25.0 to 35.6 mm in snout-vent length and the adult female frog 28.0 to 34.5 mm. Its head is as wide as its body in the dorsal view, and its tongue is large and round. It has disks on its toes for climbing.
This frog is light yellow-green or gray-green in color on the dorsum with dark brown spots. Its iris is copper colored.

## Reproduction

This frog is an explosive breeder, laying eggs after it rains. The males have been observed on short vegetation, rocks, or the ground when calling.

## Conservation

Some of these frogs live in protected areas, such as the Parque Estadual do Itacolomi in Minas Gerais.

## Etymology

The scientists who composed the original description of this frog named it after "our friend and colleague" Dr. Rogério P. Bastos of the Universidade Federal de Goiás, for his contribution to the knowledge of Brazilian frogs and toads.
# Ishaq Musaad

Ishaq Musaad was Bishop of Egypt from 1974 to 1982.
He studied for the priesthood at St Aidan's College, Birkenhead and was ordained in 1954. After a curacy in Old Cairo he was Curate in charge at Giza until 1961. He was the Chaplain at Heliopolis from then until 1972 when he became Archdeacon in Egypt.
# TCOM

TCOM may refer to:
* TCOM (linguistics), time of completion – a temporal reference for establishing tense
* Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, a college of the University of North Texas in Fort Worth, Texas
* The Colour of Magic, a Discworld novel by Terry Pratchett
* Transcutaneous oxygen measurement - an assessment of the oxygen level beneath the skin
# Sclerolaena fimbriolata

Sclerolaena fimbriolata is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae, native to central Western Australia. A small shrub, it is typically found growing on the edges of gypsum salt lakes.
# Kehf Nsour

Kehf Nsour is a town in Khénifra Province, Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Morocco. According to the 2004 census it has a population of 5089.
# Ishibashi

Ishibashi (石橋, literally "stone bridge") may refer to:
* Ishibashi (surname)
* Ishibashi, Tochigi, a town located in Shimotsuga District, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan
* Ishibashi handai-mae Station, formerly Ishibashi Station, a train station located in Ikeda, Osaka Prefecture, Japan
* Ishibashi Park is a park in Hama-machi, Kagoshima, Japan
* Ishibashi Station (Tochigi), a train station located in Ishibashi, Tochigi, Japan
* Minakuchi Ishibashi Station, a passenger railway station in located in the Japanese city of Kōka
# Schøyen

Schøyen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carl Schøyen (1877-1951) Norwegian author
* Erna Schøyen (1887-1968) Norwegian actress
* Hege Schøyen (born 1957), Norwegian singer, actor, and comedian
* Martin Schøyen (born 1940), Norwegian businessman, historian, and book collector
* Per G. Schøyen (1924–2017), Norwegian diplomat
* Rolf Schøyen (born 1936) Norwegian physician and medical microbiologist
* Thor Hiorth Schøyen (1885-1961) First curator of the Oslo Zoological Museum in 1908
* Wilhelm Maribo Schøyen (1844-1918) Norwegian entomologist
# Anhel Cape

Anhel Alberta Cape (born 14 May 1978) is an athlete who competed for Guinea-Bissau at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics in the 800m races. In 2000, she finished seventh in her heat and failed to advance. In 2004, she did not finish her heat. She made her Olympic debut in 2000 inaugurating female Guinea-Bissau participation.
# Mode partition noise

In an optical communication link, mode partition noise is phase jitter of the signal caused by the combined effects of mode hopping in the optical source and intramodal distortion in the fiber.
Mode hopping causes random wavelength changes which in turn affect the group velocity, i.e., the propagation time. Over a long length of fiber, the cumulative effect is to create jitter, i.e. mode partition noise. The variation of group velocity creates the mode partition noise.
# Kayla Watson

Kayla Watson is an American country singer and songwriter from Trinity, NC. Kayla's Great Grandfather is Charlie Bowman (Charlie Bowman and the Blue Ridge Ramblers) who performed alongside of Minnie Pearl and others at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, TN. Kayla started singing as a young child, performing with the Greensboro Youth Chorus at age 6. She has participated in several local competitions and in 2012 made it to the top 30 finalists in the second season of The X Factor USA. In 2013, she partnered with local lyricist Jeremy Autry, co-founding the group Crossing Avery and releasing first full album "Way We Live". Recently, Kayla Watson won out of three states the Share a Coke and Song Superstar Tour competition and performed the National Anthem for NASCAR's NC Education Lottery 200 race.

## Awards

2010 First place winner of the NATS Singing Competition 2013 Contestant/Top30 of X-Factor USA 2016 Share a Coke and Song Superstar Tour
# TK-3

TK-3 may refer to:
* TK-3 (tankette), a Polish military vehicle of the Second World War
* Teradako-ken TK-3, a Japanese transport plane of the Second World War
* TK-3 (missile) or Sky Bow III, a 2010s Taiwanese anti-aircraft system
# Kazimierz Kaczor (footballer)

Kazimierz Kaczor (24 November 1895 – 17 April 1972) was a Polish footballer who played as a defender.
He made three appearances for the Poland national team from 1923 to 1925.

## Honours

Wisła Kraków
* Ekstraklasa: 1927
* Polish Cup: 1925–26
# Kazimierz Kaszewski

Kazimierz Kaszewski (1825–1910) was a Polish educator.
* This Polish biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Schwante station

Schwante station is a railway station in the Schwante district of the municipality of Oberkrämer, located in the Oberhavel district in Brandenburg, Germany.
# Schwanstetten

Schwanstetten is a municipality in the district of Roth, in Bavaria, Germany. Schwanstetten is located 15 km south of Nuremberg.

## Geography
### Division of the municipality

After the local government reforms of 1978 Schwanstetten consists of 6 districts:
* Leerstetten
* Schwand
* Furth
* Mittelhembach
* Harm
* Hagershof

## History

The town district Schwand was first mentioned in 1186, another one, Leerstetten, in 1194.

### Mayors

* since 2008: Robert Pfann (SPD)
* 1996–2008:Dietmar Koltzenburg
* 1990–1996: Alfred Herzig
* 1984–1990: Leonhard Kohl
* 1978–1984: Fritz Meyer

### Twin towns

* La Haye-du-Puits (Normandy, France) – since 1988
# Charlotte Randall

Charlotte Randall (born Dunedin) is a New Zealand novelist. Her first novel, Dead Sea Fruit won the Reed Fiction Award, and the 1996 Commonwealth Writers' Prize, Best First Book, South East Asia / Pacific.
She studied psychology at the University of Canterbury. She was the 2000 Victoria University Writers' Fellow, and was the 2005 Ursula Bethell Creative Writing Resident, at Canterbury University. She teaches at New Zealand's Writers College. She is married with two children.

## Works

* Dead Sea Fruit Secker & Warburg, 1995, ISBN 978-0-7900-0395-5
* The Curative, Penguin Books, 2000, ISBN 978-0-14-029753-9
* Within the Kiss, Penguin, 2002, ISBN 978-0-14-100638-3
* What Happen Then, Mr Bones?, Penguin Books, 2004, ISBN 978-0-14-301917-6
* The Crocus Hour, Penguin Books, 2008, ISBN 978-0-14-300892-7
* Hokitika Town, Penguin Group New Zealand, Limited, 2011, ISBN 978-0-14-356539-0
* The Bright Side of My Condition, Penguin New Zealand, 2013, ISBN 978-0-14-357066-0