OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alf Bøe

Alf Bøe (8 September 1927 – 8 June 2010) was a Norwegian art historian, educator, curator and author.

## Biography

Bøe was born in Bergen, Norway. He was a son of professor Johannes Bøe (1891–1971) and Dagny Godager (1896–1982). His father was a professor of archeology at the University Museum of Bergen.
Bøe attended Wadham College, Oxford University during 1954 under a Norwegian Oxford Scholarship. He earned a Bachelor of Letters degree on the basis of his thesis From Gothic Revival to Functional Form: A Study in Victorian Theories of Design . He received his mag.art. and cand.philol. degrees at the University of Oslo in 1955. He also studied at École du Louvre from 1956 to 1957.
From 1959 to 1962 he was a curator at the Nordenfjeldske Museum of Crafts and Design (Nordenfjeldske Kunstindustrimuseum) in Trondheim. From 1962 to 1968 he was the head curator at the Norwegian Museum of Decorative Arts and Design in Oslo. He was the director of the Norwegian Design Center (Norsk Designcentrum) in Oslo from 1968 to 1973, lecturer in art history at the University of Oslo from 1973 to 1976, and then the director of Oslo municipality's art collections from 1976 to 1995.
Bøe held membership in the International Council of Museums and was associated with the Brukskunst Association (Foreningen Brukskunst). He also held a number of directorships in cultural institutions. He was president of the Association of Applied Arts (Foreningen Brukskunst) and the Scandinavian Museums Association (Skandinavisk Museumsforbund), He was chairman of the Norwegian Art and Cultural History Museum (Norske kunst- og kulturhistoriske museer), the Society for the Welfare of Oslo (Selskabet for Oslo Byes Vel) and the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry (Statens håndverks- og kunstindustriskole).
Bøe wrote books on a variety of art history related topics. His bachelor's thesis From Gothic Revival to Functional Form (published by Oslo University Press, Oslo, 1957) is available internationally and remains his best known work. Other books include Om filigran (1959 with Thale Riisøen), Norwegian Industrial Design (1963), Porsgrunds Porselænsfabrik (1967), Den norske designpris (1969), Samliv med fortiden (1976) and Edvard Munch (1992). He contributed to volumes five, six and seven of Norges kunsthistorie.

## Personal life

Between 1955 and 1972 he was married to Kari Færden. In 1972 he married Ulla Tarras-Wahlberg. He received the Oslo City Culture Award (Oslo bys kulturpris) in 1996 and Norsk Forms Honors Award (Norsk Forms Hederspris) in 1999. He was decorated as a Knight of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1992 and as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1998. He died during 2010 in Oslo.
# Cairo Codex

The Cairo Codex is a manuscript discovered in 1907 that contained the first significant fragments of plays by the ancient Greek playwright Menander. It included large parts of Epitrepontes (The Arbitration), Perikeiromene (The Girl with her Hair Cut Short) and Samia (The Girl from Samos), as well as some hundred lines of Heros (The Hero), and sixty-four lines of an otherwise unknown play.
# Humane Research Australia

Animal-Free Science Advocacy, formerly known as Humane Research Australia (HRA), and previously Australian Association for Humane Research (AAHR), is an Australian-based nonprofit anti-vivisection organisation.

## History

The organisation was founded in 1979 by Ms Elizabeth Ahlston.
It moved to Melbourne in early 2005 under the stewardship of newly appointed CEO Helen Marston.
Animal-Free Science Advocacy works professionally and ethically to develop community-wide awareness of animal experimentation; pursues all reasonable channels to eliminate such experimentation and champions the benefits of realistic, scientifically effective alternatives to all forms of animal usage in research and teaching.
The Association holds and maintain the following as core principles:
* Extrapolation of research data obtained from animal experimentation to humans is ineffective, inconclusive and often unnecessarily dangerous to humans.
* There are more scientifically reliable and effective ways to conduct research other than with the use of animals.
* Animal-based research and teaching represents unnecessarily cruel and unethical treatments of other sentient beings with little or no redeeming value for human or other species’ advancement.
# Calceolaria hyssopifolia

Calceolaria hyssopifolia is a species of plant in the Calceolariaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador.
The Latin word hyssopifolia (which also occurs in several other plant names, including that of cuphea hyssopifolia) means "hyssop-leafed".
# Joseph H. Silverman

Joseph Hillel Silverman (born March 27, 1955, New York City) is a professor of mathematics at Brown University working in arithmetic geometry, arithmetic dynamics, and cryptography.

## Biography

Joseph Silverman received an Sc.B. from Brown University in 1977 and a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1982 under the direction of John Tate. He taught at M.I.T. (1982–1986) and at Boston University (1986–1988) before taking a position at Brown in 1988.
Silverman has published more than 100 research articles, written or coauthored six books, and edited three conference proceedings; his work has been cited more than 5000 times, by over 2000 distinct authors. He has served on the editorial boards of Algebra and Number Theory and New York Journal of Mathematics.

## Industry

In 1996, Silverman, along with Jeffrey Hoffstein, Jill Pipher and Daniel Lieman, founded NTRU Cryptosystems, Inc. to market their cryptographic algorithms, NTRUEncrypt and NTRUSign.

## Awards

In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

## Books

Silverman has written two graduate texts on elliptic curves, The Arithmetic of Elliptic Curves (1986) and Advanced Topics in the Arithmetic of Elliptic Curves (1994). For these two books he received a Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition from the American Mathematical Society, which cited them by saying that “Silverman's volumes have become standard references on one of the most exciting areas of algebraic geometry and number theory.” Silverman has also written three undergraduate texts: Rational Points on Elliptic Curves (1992, co-authored with John Tate), A Friendly Introduction to Number Theory (3rd ed. 2005), and An Introduction to Mathematical Cryptography (2008, co-authored with Jeffrey Hoffstein and Jill Pipher). Additional graduate-level texts authored by Silverman are Diophantine Geometry: An Introduction (2000, co-authored with Marc Hindry) and The Arithmetic of Dynamical Systems (2007).

## Publications

* ———; Hindry, M. (23 March 2000), Diophantine geometry: An introduction, Springer, ISBN 0-387-98981-1.
* ———; Cornell, G.; Stevens, G. (1997), Modular forms and Fermat's Last Theorem, Springer, ISBN 0-387-94609-8.
* ———; Hoffstein, J.; Pipher, J. (12 August 2008), An introduction to mathematical cryptography, Springer, ISBN 978-0-387-77993-5.
* ——— (1986), The arithmetic of elliptic curves, 世界图书出版公司, ISBN 0-387-96203-4. Silverman, Joseph H. (2009). 2nd edition. Springer. ISBN 9780387094946.
* ——— (1994), Advanced topics in the arithmetic of elliptic curves, Springer, ISBN 0-387-94328-5.
* ——— (5 May 2010), The arithmetic of dynamical systems, Springer, ISBN 978-0-387-69903-5.
* ——— (2006), A friendly introduction to number theory, Pearson Prentice Hall, ISBN 978-0-13-186137-4.
* ———; Tate, J. (18 November 1994), Rational points on elliptic curves, Springer, ISBN 0-387-97825-9. Silverman, Joseph H.; Tate, John T. (2015). 2nd edition. Springer. ISBN 9783319185880.
# Caladenia pilotensis

Caladenia pilotensis is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Victoria. It is a ground orchid with a single leaf and one or two white or creamy-white flowers which sometimes have red lines. It is only known to occur on a single mountain.

## Description

Caladenia pilotensis is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single leaf, 70–130 mm (3–5 in) long and 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide. One or two citrus-scented, creamy-white flowers which sometimes have red stripes, are borne on a spike 200–300 mm (8–10 in) tall. The sepals and petals have brown or reddish glandular tips. The dorsal sepal is erect, 60–80 mm (2–3 in) long and about 4 mm (0.2 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 60–80 mm (2–3 in) long and 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide, spread apart and turned downwards or drooping. The petals are 40–70 mm (2–3 in) long and 3.5 mm (0.1 in) wide and arranged like the lateral sepals. The labellum is cream-coloured or reddish, 15–20 mm (0.6–0.8 in) long and 8–11 mm (0.31–0.43 in) wide. The sides of the labellum have white or reddish teeth up to 1.5 mm (0.06 in) long and the tip of the labellum is curled under. There are four or six rows of white or reddish calli up to 1.5 mm (0.06 in) long in the mid-line of the labellum. Flowering occurs in September and October.

## Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia pilotensis was first formally described in 1999 by David Jones and the description was published in The Orchadian.

## Distribution and habitat

Caladenia pilotensis is only known from Mount Pilot near Beechworth where it grows in woodland, often between granite boulders.

## Conservation

Caladenia pilotensis is listed as "endangered" under the Victorian Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988.
# Joshua Arthur Rodrigues Brandon

Joshua Arthur Rodrigues Brandon (9 February 1822, London – 11 December 1847, 11 Beaufort Buildings, Strand) was an English architect and author. Prior to an early death aged twenty-five, his architectural practice (particularly in church architecture) was promising and growing.

## Buildings

With his brother Raphael he designed the new corn exchange at Colchester, Essex (1845); Portswood Chapel (1847) and Christ Church, Southampton (1847) (where he is buried in the churchyard); All Saints' Church, Sculthorpe, Norfolk (1847) and Holy Trinity Church, Leverstock Green, Hertfordshire, for which he accepted the commission in 1846, dying before its completion in 1849.

## Publications

With his brother he researched three seminal works on Early English architecture:
* Analysis of Gothic Architecture (1847) - more than 700 examples of windows, doors, windows, and other architectural details, with measurements observed at first hand, collected from parish churches
* Parish Churches (1848) - 63 churches from across England, each with perspective views, a short description in text and a plan (to the same scale for all the churches)
* Open Timber Roofs of the Middle Ages (1849) - perspective, geometric and detail drawings of 35 timber roofs from parish churches in 11 different English counties, showing their form and principle of each example, with an introduction on the topic in general. The Builder commented that the work:
   "serves the one useful and necessary purpose of showing practically and constructively what the builders of the middle ages really did with the materials they had at hand, and how all those materials, whatever they were, were made to harmonise."
# Joshua Aronson

Joshua Michael Aronson is an American social psychologist and Associate Professor of Applied Psychology at New York University's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development. He is known for his pioneering work on stereotype threat, which he conducted in the 1990s along with Claude Steele and Steven Spencer. This work has shown that female, minority, and low-income children are stereotyped as performing worse on standardized tests, and that when they are taught to overcome these stereotypes, their standardized test scores improve. He also co-authored a study in 2009 in which he reported no evidence that African Americans' test scores had improved as a result of the election of Barack Obama as President of the United States the previous year.
# Special adviser

Special adviser may refer to:
* Special adviser (Norway), a high-ranking civil servant
* Special adviser (UK), a political appointee who assists a government minister
* Special Adviser, title of some Under-Secretaries-General of the United Nations
# Alexander Barnes

Alexander Benjamin Barnes is an American chemist. Educated at Whitman College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he has taught at Washington University in St. Louis and ETH Zurich.

## Career

Alexander Barnes earned his undergraduate degree in chemistry in 2003 from Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington. After earning his Ph.D. in chemistry in 2011 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under advisor Robert G. Griffin, he worked as a postdoctoral research associate at Stanford University. He was an assistant chemistry professor of chemistry at Washington University in St. Louis from 2012 to 2019, and is presently a Full Professor of Solid State NMR Spectroscopy at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich.
Barnes specializes in developing hardware for the interrogation of chemical structures using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Some of his most notable innovations include the use of spherical sample containers instead of cylindrical ones and frequency-agile gyrotrons for use in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR experiments.
In 2018, Barnes received the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award.
At the 2019 Experimental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Conference in Asilomar, California, California, Barnes received the Varian Young Investigator award.
# Joseph Vernon

Joseph Vernon (c. 1738–1782) was an English actor and singer. From his days as a boy soprano, he had a successful career on the London stage, interrupted only by the aftermath of an underage wedding to a colleague.

## Early life

Born at Coventry around 1738, Vernon was illegitimate. He studied in London under William Savage in the choir of St Paul's Cathedral. As a boy he had a fine soprano voice, and on 23 February 1751 he sang at Drury Lane Theatre in Thomas Arne's Alfred. On 22 May he took part in Queen Mab, the pantomime by Henry Woodward; on 20 September in the funeral procession in Romeo and Juliet; and on 19 November in The Shepherd's Lottery, an opera by William Boyce. In the early part of 1754 he sang tenor parts and acted comedy at Drury Lane.

## Scandal and exile in Dublin

In 1755 Vernon married Jane Poitier, a singer at Drury Lane at the Savoy Chapel. John Wilkinson, the incumbent of the Savoy Chapel, thought that the terms of the Marriage Act 1753, aimed at clandestine marriages, did not apply to his extra-parochial church, and continued to issue licenses and to solemnise marriages. Among these technically irregular weddings, Vernon's happened to be the test case taken to court by the authorities. According to Tate Wilkinson Joseph and Jane, who had been acting as "Mrs. Vernon", were happy enough to be parted.
On the other hand, the fallout of the prosecution case against the clergy of the Chapel was serious. Wilkinson was sentenced in 1756 to 14 years transportation to British North America, and died in 1757 on the way. The curate John Grierson, who had carried out the marriage, received the same sentence: Vernon had testified at the trial, and was then hissed on stage. The unpopular Vernon moved to Dublin, where he had further success as an actor.

## Return to Drury Lane

Back at Drury Lane in 1762, Vernon was given parts by David Garrick. He combined polished singing and a natural style of acting in Shakespeare. He was also assigned some characters in comedy and farce: Colonel Bully in The Provoked Wife; Master Stephen in Every Man in his Humour; Sir John Loverule in The Devil to Pay, a ballad opera by Charles Coffey, and Sharp in The Lying Valet by Garrick. According to James Boaden, Vernon's voice in maturity was of poor quality. Nonetheless, he continued to take singing parts in opera and interludes. The song in Act III of The School for Scandal was written by Thomas Linley for him. He took the title role in Selima and Azor, Linley's first opera.

## Last years

Vernon's last performances were Artabanes in Artaxerxes, First Bacchanal in Comus, and Truemore in The Lord of the Manor by Jackson of Exeter, 1780. Until 6 October 1781 he appeared in these and his older parts. He died on 19 March 1782 at Lambeth, and the administration of his effects was granted to Margaret Vernon, his widow.

## Works

Vernon compiled around 1782 The New London and Country Songster, or a Banquet of Vocal Music. He composed songs and ballads, including New Songs in the Pantomime of the Witches, the epilogue in Twelfth Night, and a song in the Two Gentlemen of Verona.
# Joseph Verdickt

Joseph Verdickt (born 30 June 1894, date of death unknown) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He rode in the 1919 Tour de France.
# S. cataracta

S. cataracta could refer to one of the following species:
* Schistura cataracta, a ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura
* Scolopendra cataracta, a centipede in the family Scolopendridae
# Cadaba aphylla

Cadaba aphylla ("Swartstorm") is one of the many species in the genus Cadaba. It is indigenous to southern Africa.

## Description

It grows as a straggly, perennial shrub or small tree, virgate, much-branched, dark green, often with purple bloom, and usually leafless, and may reach 2 meters in height. Its branches are somewhat succulent and frequently spine-tipped. Leaves of some 10 x 2 mm are found on seedlings and young branchlets.
Its deep-red flowers (rarely yellow) in axillary clusters have prominently exserted stamens, making this a colourful plant in summer. Fruits are some 90 mm in length, green at first, turning a rusty brown when mature, and covered in sticky hairs. A sticky orange pulp covers the small black seeds.
   "Leafless, twiggy shrub to 2 m. tall; branches rather virgate, stiff, smooth, green or glaucous with subspinous apices, glabrous, young branches with subulate leaf scales up to 2 mm. long. Flowers in short, corymbose, axillary racemes; rhachis 0.3–2.3 cm. long, glabrous or glandular-pubescent; bracts subulate, c. 1 mm. long; pedicels glabrous or glandular-pubescent, up to 1.3 cm. long. Sepals 4, yellow or reddish-purple, 1–1.7 x 0.7–1 cm., the lowest rather larger than the remainder, connate at the base into a very shallow receptacle c. 1 mm. in depth, broadly elliptic, obtuse at the apex, with capitate, glandular hairs densely or sparsely scattered on both sides. Petals 0. Androgynophore 2.5–3 mm. long, glabrous, shallowly declinate with a hooded nectary at its base c. 4 mm. broad. Stamens 8; filaments 1 cm. long; anthers 2.3 x 0.75 mm., oblong. Gynophore c. 1 cm. long, glabrous or glandular-pubescent. Ovary narrowly cylindric, glabrous or glandular-pubescent; ovules numerous, on 2 placentas; stigma capitate, sessile. Fruit up to 8 x 0.4 cm., cylindric, subtorulose, glandular or minutely verrucose, many-seeded. Seeds brown, c. 0.3 cm. in diam., subglobose."

## Distribution

This species may occur in dry bushveld or semidesert conditions from tropical Africa to Namibia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and South Africa. At its southern extent, it occurs in clay-rich soils in the Little Karoo and Overberg regions, as far south-west as the town of Montagu.
# Megachile fuliginosa

Megachile fuliginosa is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Friese in 1925.
# Megachile frontalis

Megachile frontalis is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1804.
# Hundstrup

Hundstrup is a small town located on the island of Funen in south-central Denmark, in Svendborg Municipality. It is four kilometers north of Vester Skerninge and 14 kilometers northwest of Svendborg.
The apple variety, Filippa originated in Hundstrup.

## Den selvforsynende landsby

Den Selvforsynende Landsby (English: The Self-sufficient Village) is a Danish ecovillage situated in Hundstrup. The village was founded in 2002 with the intention of creating a community using permaculture techniques and the project began in 2004 when farmland outside of Hundstrup was purchased. As of 2014, the village has a population of about 65.
# Sphenophorus scoparius

Sphenophorus scoparius is a species of beetle in the family Dryophthoridae. It is found in North America.
# Alexander Leith

Alexander Leith may refer to:
* Sir Alexander Leith (British Army officer) (1774–1859)
* Sir Alexander Leith, 1st Baronet, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1869–1956)
* Sir Alexander Leith, 1st Baronet, of Burgh St Peter (1741–1780), British soldier and politician
* Alexander Forbes-Leith, 1st Baron Leith of Fyvie (1847–1925)
* Sir Alexander William Wellesley Leith, 3rd Baronet (1806–1842), of the Leith-Buchanan baronets
* Sir Alexander Wellesley George Thomas Leith-Buchanan, 5th Baronet (1866–1925), of the Leith-Buchanan baronets
# Răzvad

Răzvad is a commune in Dâmbovița County, Muntenia, Romania with a population of 8,729 people as of 2021. It is composed of three villages: Gorgota, Răzvad, and Valea Voievozilor.
The commune is located in the central part of Dâmbovița County, east of the county seat, Târgoviște, on the left bank of the Ialomița River. It is crossed the national road DN72 [ro], which connects Ploiești to Târgoviște and ends in Găești.

## Natives

* Radu Câmpeanu (1922–2016), politician
* Vasile Duță (1955–2016), politician
* Ileana Sărăroiu (1936–1979), singer of traditional and popular folk music
# Humanimals

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Crawdaddy! | (favorable) |
| Pitchfork Media | (6.3/10) |
Humanimals is the debut album released by San Diego–based alternative rock band Grand Ole Party. It was released on August 7, 2007, on iTunes and was released on DH Records, February 5, 2008.
The album was engineered by Jason Cupp at Eldorado Recording Studios and produced by Blake Sennett of Rilo Kiley and The Elected.

## Track listing

* "Look Out Young Son"
* "Belle Isle"
* "Turn On, Burn On"
* "INSANE"
* "Nasty Habits"
* "Bad, Bad Man"
* "Redrum Heart"
* "Dirty Spirit Rag"
* "Gypsy March"
* "Troubadour of the Water"
* "Saviour"
* "Roll On Down"
* "Radio" (Scientist Remix)
* "Shot in the Alley"
# Hydaticus satoi

Hydaticus satoi, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, China, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan and Thailand.

## Subspecies

Two subspecies are identified.
* Hydaticus satoi dhofarensis Pederzani, 2003
* Hydaticus satoi satoi Wewalka, 1975
The subspecies dhofarensis has a length of 3.4 to 15.10 mm whereas subspecies satoi with a length of 12 to 14 mm. The subspecies dhofarensis is broader, broadest behind the middle and less tapering in front and behind than the nominate subspecies. Dorsum black with yellow pattern. Head yellowish in front and blackish behind. Pronotum widely yellowish laterally and black at the middle. There is a border line visible between black and yellow, which is slightly angulate at the middle. Elytra with yellow bands which are narrower and shorter than in ssp. satoi. Sometimes the outer band approaches the pre-apical yellow spot. Outer band is very narrow in melanistic specimens. The discal band is either absent or sometimes reduced to a short and narrow sub-basal stripe. Ventrum dark brown with yellow pro-sternal process. Legs and meso-femurs are yellowish anteriorly. Intermediate tibiae and tarsi are light brown, whereas posterior legs are dark brown in color. Palpi and basal half of antennae are yellowish. Dorsum covered by a dense and minute puncturation interspersed with larger punctures. Large puncture are usually found at the base of elytra. Submarginal rows of punctures are evenly found in pronotum, elytral rows and the sculpture of the ventrum.
Subspecies satoi has narrow yellow stripes in humeral and sub marginal areas. These stripes joined posteriorly after the middle. Female is about 13.8 mm long.