OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Squatting in Tunisia

Squatting in Tunisia is the occupation of derelict land or unused buildings without the permission of the owner. Informal settlements known as "gourbivilles" sprang up in the French protectorate of Tunisia in the 1930s and again after World War II. As French colonialists introduced the concept of private property to nomadic tribes, lawyers such as Habib Bourguiba (later President of Tunisia) represented the rights of squatters. By the time Tunisia became an independent republic in 1956, the capital Tunis was ringed by gourbivilles. The response of the authorities was to evict and forcibly resettle.
From the 1960s onwards, areas of land on the periphery of cities were either bought or squatted, and the new inhabitants built housing for themselves, sometimes creating new suburbs with bad infrastructure. By 1980, the country had 210 informal settlements housing around 500,000 people (28 per cent of the population of urban zones). The Urban Rehabilitation and Renovation Agency (Agence de Réhabilitation et de Rénovation Urbaine, ARRU) was set up in 1981 to follow a slum upgrading program and by 2009 it had helped to redevelop 36 settlements. It runs the National Programme for Rehabilitating Popular Neighbourhoods (Programme national de réhabilitation des quartiers populaires, PNRQP). The Dar El Bay palace in Hammam-Lif has been occupied from the 1980s onwards. Following the Tunisian Revolution began the Arab Spring in 2011, President Ben Ali was deposed and in the disorder many people occupied public land. The Ministry of the Interior warned the squatters that they were still acting illegally.
# Granot

Granot is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Archie Granot, paper cut artist based in Israel
* Avraham Granot (1890–1962), Zionist activist, Israeli politician and a signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence
* Elazar Granot (1927–2013), Israeli politician and writer
* Frieda Granot, Israeli-Canadian operations researcher
# Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma

Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is a type of renal-cell carcinoma.

## Genetics
### Cytogenetics

* Alterations of chromosome 3p segments occurs in 70–90% of CCRCCs
* Inactivation of von Hippel–Lindau disease (VHL) gene by gene mutation and promoter hypermethylation
* Gain of chromosome 5q
* Loss of chromosomes 8p, 9p, and 14q

### Molecular genetics

Several frequently mutated genes were discovered in CCRCC: VHL, KDM6A/UTX, SETD2, KDM5C/JARID1C and MLL2. PBRM1 is also commonly mutated in CCRCC.

## Histogenesis

CCRCC is derived from the proximal convoluted tubule.

## Microscopy

Generally, the cells have a clear cytoplasm, are surrounded by a distinct cell membrane and contain round and uniform nuclei.
Microscopically, CCRCCs are graded by the ISUP/WHO as follows:
* Grade 1: Inconspicuous and basophilic nucleoli at magnification of 400 times
* Grade 2: Clearly visible and eosinophilic nucleoli at magnification of 400 times
* Grade 3: Clearly visible nucleoli at magnification of 100 times
* Grade 4: Extreme pleomorphism or rhabdoid and/or sarcomatoid morphology

## Epidemiology

* CCRCC most commonly affects male patients in their sixties and seventies.
* Majority of cases arise sporadically.
* Only 2–4% of the cases presenting as part of an inherited cancer syndrome, such as von Hippel–Lindau disease.

## Images

* Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. Macroscopy
* Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. HE, × 100
* Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. Fuhrman grade = 1. HE, × 400
* Grade 3: Arrows point at a clearly visible nucleolus.
# Souveyrols lake

Souveyrols lake is a lake in Lozère, France on the Aubrac plateau. It has a glacial origin. Its surface area is 0.016 km$^2$. On his banks, grows the spectacular plant named Ligularia sibirica. This boreal species is usually present in Russia and Siberia and is very rare in Western Europe.
* This Lozère geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Midge Gillies

Midge Gillies (fl. c. 2000) is a British journalist, biographer and creative writing tutor.
She was educated at Girton College, Cambridge. She has written extensively for newspapers including The Guardian and the Los Angeles Times. She is the author of seven books, including biographies of the British music hall star Marie Lloyd and the pioneer woman aviator Amy Johnson. Nicholas Lezard reviewed The Barbed-Wire University in The Guardian, calling it "a moving and eye-opening account of the lives of second world war [sic] PoWs by the daughter of a man who was captured." For three years she was Royal Literary Fund Fellow at Magdalene College, Cambridge and is currently Academic Director for Creative Writing at the University of Cambridge Institute of Continuing Education.
Gillies is married and lives in Ely.

## Major works

* The Wedding Book. Bloomsbury, 1997. ISBN 0-297-82982-3
* Business Writing. Marshall Publishing, 1999. ISBN 1-84028-281-9
* Marie Lloyd: The One and Only. Gollancz, 1999. ISBN 0-575-06420-X
* Amy Johnson: Queen of the Air. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003. ISBN 0-297-82982-3
* Waiting For Hitler: Voices From Britain on the Brink of Invasion. Hodder & Stoughton, 2006. ISBN 0-340-83798-5
* How to write Memoir & Biographies. Guardian News & Media, 2008
* Writing Lives: Literary Biography. Cambridge University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0521732314
* The Barbed-Wire University: The Real Lives of Allied Prisoners of War in the Second World War. Aurum, 2011.
She was Royal Literary Fund Fellow at Magdalene College, Cambridge For three years, and is currently Academic Director for Creative Writing at the University of Cambridge Institute of Continuing Education.
# Auratonota tessellata

Auratonota tessellata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil.
The wingspan is about 17 mm.
# Shyam Sunder Jyani

Shyam Sunder Jyani (born 1979) is an Indian environmentalist and academic, best known for afforestation efforts in the Indian state of Rajasthan. He is presently an associate professor of sociology at Dungar College, Bikaner.

## Biography

He originated from a rural farming family in the village of 12 TK, Sri Ganganagar district. His involvement in environmental activities began in 2003, when he and some students revived a number of dying neem trees within Dungar College's campus. According to Jyani in a 2023 interview, his initial efforts faced initial resistance from other teachers (typically members of the upper caste, accusing him of attempting to steal college land), but received support from students, especially those hailing from Other Backward Class and scheduled castes.
Afterwards, he began campaigning door-to-door for tree planting in Bikaner, and in 2006, he formulated the idea of "Familial Forestry", which involves local families by encouraging them to plant fruit trees at their homes as a "green member". The idea was launched at the village of Himtasar, where 120 households were part of the pilot project. The choice of fruit trees allowed the anti-desertification campaign to serve an additional purpose of improving the local villagers' nutrition. According to Jyani, educating the families on the benefits and the after-planting care of the trees increased the saplings' survival rate from 20–30% to 90%.
In order to further extend the campaign's reach, he incorporated the activity of tree planting in activities like Diwali. A mobile app has also been released to increase awareness of the afforestation drive and its benefits. On Gandhi's 150th birthday in 2019, he enrolled 150 schools in Rajasthan and their students in a tree-planting drive. His efforts have seen planting of more than 2.5 million saplings in north-western Rajasthan by 1 million families across 15,000 villages by 2021, with the greenery being visible from satellite imagery as a "green wall" at the margins of the Thar Desert. By 2023, 3.8 million saplings had been planted. Most of the plants and necessary irrigation tanks were purchased on his own expense. In a 2021 interview with Deutsche Welle, he has also stated plans to expand tree-planting efforts to major cities.

### Promotion of millets

In 2023, the International Year of Millets, Jyani began to promote the use of millets, especially in traditional rituals such as marriage ceremonies and religious fairs. He also orchestrated an inaugural "Raabri Day" on 23 May 2023, with Raabri being a millet-based drink.

## Awards and honors

In recognition of his work, he was awarded the Indira Gandhi National Service Scheme Award in 2012, and later the Land for Life Award from the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in 2021.
# Argus (TV series)

Argus was a Norwegian debate show hosted by Mona Høiness, that aired on TV3.
In the summer of 1993 Høiness threatened to quit her job as a host in protest of TV3 airing the show Bikini, an American show featuring scantily-clad women on a podium surrounded by cheering men. Høiness didn't want that kind of entertainment on a channel with which she was associated. Shortly after TV3 decided to cancel Bikini.
# Clare Walker Leslie

Clare Walker Leslie (born March 1, 1947) is a naturalist, artist, and writer. She is best known for her nature journals. She advocates their use by the wider public.

## Early life and education

She grew up outside of Philadelphia. She has a degree in art history from Carleton College.

## Career

She has taught at Williams College, MIT, Harvard’s Landscape Design Program, College of the Atlantic, Antioch New England, and numerous Audubon centers. She is a member of the National Guild of Science Illustrators and the international Artists For Nature Foundation.

## Personal life

She lives with her husband and family in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and in Granville, Vermont.

## Books

* A Year in Nature: A Memoir of Solace Green Writers Press of Brattleboro
* The Curious Nature Guide, 2015
* The Nature Connection Storey Publishing, 2010
* Keeping a Nature Journal: Discover a Whole New Way of Seeing the World Around You
* Drawn to Nature: From the Journals of Clare Walker Leslie 2005
* Nature All Year Long
* Nature Drawing: A Tool for Learning
* The Art of Field Sketching
* The Ancient Celtic Festivals and How We Celebrate Them Today
* A Naturalist's Sketchbook: Pages from the Seasons of the Year 1987
* Notes from a Naturalist's Sketchbook 1981
# Titya

Titya is a genus of moths in the family Lasiocampidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1855.

## Species

* Titya cain Schaus
* Titya cinerascens (Schaus, 1905)
* Titya fraternans Schaus
* Titya guthagon Schaus, 1924
* Titya magnidiscata Dognin
* Titya melini Bryk, 1953
* Titya mexicana (Walker, 1862)
* Titya noctilux Walker, 1855
# J. G. O. Tepper

Johann Gottlieb Otto Tepper (19 April 1841 – 16 February 1923) was a Prussian-born botanist, teacher, plant collector and entomologist who spent most of his life living and working in Australia. He spent much of his career with the South Australian Museum.

## History

Tepper was born in Neutomischel, Posen, Prussia (now Poland) on 19 April 1841. He was the eldest son of Johann Christoph Tepper (c. 1815 – 14 November 1891), and Johanne Wilhelmine Tepper, née Protsch, and emigrated with them aboard Gellert, arriving in South Australia in 1847. They settled at Lyndoch, where he was educated before receiving tuition under Dr. Carl Muecke.
He became master of a small country school, then joined the Education Department and taught at Monarto, Nuriootpa and Clarendon.
In 1883 he was appointed natural history collector to the South Australian Museum and from 1888 until his retirement, on 30 June 1911 as entomologist, for which he gave valued service. He was a longtime member of the Royal Society, and a foundation member and several times president, of the Field Naturalists Society. He was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London in 1879, was a Life Fellow of the Society of Science, Letters and Art, London, and an active member of around thirty learned societies including the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was a correspondent and friend of the meteorologist Clement Wragge.

## Family

(Johann Gottlieb) Otto Tepper (1841 – 16 February 1923) married Jane Brock ( – ) on 22 April 1867
* John William Otto Tepper (16 October 1868 – 6 May 1957), lived in Perth, Western Australia
* Isabella Wilhelmine Victoria Tepper (28 October 1870 – ) married William Lachlan Cowan on 25 November 1895
* Marion Elizabeth Lilliana Tepper (20 July 1875 – 10 September 1950) married Carl Otto Goldick (c. 1873 – 8 July 1944) in 1897
They had a home at Somerset Place, Norwood
J(ohann) Paul Tepper (c. 1844 – 13 August 1906), pioneer farmer of Monarto, then of Murtoa, Victoria was a brother.

## Death and legacy

Tepper died in Norwood, South Australia, on 16 February 1923. His collections are now mostly held in Adelaide and Melbourne. His son was John William Otto Tepper (1868–1957), who collected plants at Roebuck Bay, Western Australia, and sent them to his father for identification and description; this collection is now housed principally at Perth, Western Australia.
# Salome Makamba

Salome Wycliffe Makamba (born 18 February 1987) is a Tanzanian politician and a member of the CHADEMA political party. She was elected as a member of the Special Seats as women representative and serves as member of parliament since 2020.
# The Nation (Malawi)

The Nation is a newspaper based in Blantyre, Malawi, owned by Nations Publications Limited. It began distribution on 26 July 1993, and became a daily newspaper on 11 July 1994, coming out on Mondays through Fridays. Its sister newspaper, Saturday Nation, now called Weekend Nation, was launched in 1995.

## The Nation Newspaper

The Nation began distribution in July 1993 and became a daily newspaper in 1994. It became an important voice against the one party rule and the MCP party during the transition to multi-party rule.

## The Weekend Nation

The Weekend Nation is a weekly newspaper based in Blantyre, Malawi, owned by Nation Publications Limited (NPL). The weekly version is The Nation. It was originally called Saturday Nation and was launched in 1995.

### Cochrane-Dyet 2011 cable controversy

In April 2011, the Weekend Nation published an article quoting a leaked diplomatic telegram from British High Commissioner Fergus Cochrane-Dyet in which he wrote that Malawian President Bingu wa Mutharika was "becoming ever more autocratic and intolerant of criticism". On 27 April 2011, Malawi's government declared Cochrane-Dyet persona non grata and expelled him from the country. The UK responded by expelling Malawi's acting high commissioner, Flossie Chidyaonga. British aid to Malawi was also cut off.
In October 2011, Mutharika apologized for the expulsion of Cochrane-Dyet and lifted his ban from Malawi. By November 2011, Cochrane-Dyet had not been sent back to Malawi, and the British government had not decided whether or not to re-establish normal relations with Malawi. Relations between the two countries did not normalize until there was a change of leadership in Lilongwe, in April 2012.

## The Nation and Weekend Nation Online

The online version of the Daily and Weekend Nation began in 1998.

## Fuko

The Nation launched its Chewa language and Tumbuka language development paper online, which it distributes for free in rural areas. The paper partners with the United Nations Population Fund, Total Land Care, Malawi Rural Finance Company, and Pride Malawi.

## Nations Publications Limited

The Nation and Weekend Nation are publications of Nations Publication Limited (NPL), which is located in Blantyre. NPL's parent company was founded by Aleke Banda after the 1993 referendum in Malawi. It started with eight employees. This included Ken Lipenga, who served as the editor-in-chief until 1995. Its initial assets consisted of one car, two computers, and two telephones. It currently has offices in Blantyre, Lilongwe, Mzuzu, and Zomba.
Banda became the country's former agriculture minister and former vice president of the United Democratic Front (Malawi). In 2010, Mbumba Banda, Aleke Banda's daughter, became the managing director after the death of her father.

## Notable contributors

* Mabvuto Banda, journalist
* Rex Chikoko, investigative journalist
* Desmond Dudwa Phiri, columnist, economist, sociologist, writer.
# Navicular fossa of male urethra

The navicular fossa is a short dilated portion of (the spongy (or cavernous or penile) portion of) the male urethra within the glans penis just proximal to the external urethral meatus. The roof of the fossa is especially dilated, forming a lacuna; medical instruments being inserted into the male urethra should initially be directed towards the floor of the fossa so as not to get snagged at the fossa. It is one of three dilations of the male urethra (the other two occurring at the prostate, and the bulb of penis).
The wall of the navicular fossa is the only part of the urethra that is lined with stratified squamous epithelium (instead of the transitional epithelium that is typical for the urinary tract).
During development, the glans of the penis is initially solid but cannulates to give rise to the navicular fossa.
# Kujibiki

Kujibiki is a Japanese term that roughly means "lottery" that is used to refer to several products:
* Kujibiki Unbalance, introduced in the 2002 manga Genshiken, also mentioned in the anime series and 3 of the fictional 26 episodes were done.
* Kujibiki Unbalance (2006 series), a continuous 12 episode interpretation of the series
* Kujibiki Unbalance: Kaichō Onegai Smash Fight, a 2007 fighting game adapted from the anime's popularity.
# Clement Cheng

Clement Sze-Kit Cheng (Chinese: 鄭思傑) is a Hong Kong-Canadian screenwriter, film director, and visual effects art director.

## Early life

Born in Hong Kong, Cheng moved to Canada with his family as a child. In 1997, he returned to Hong Kong to witness the transfer of its sovereignty to China, and decided to stay.

## Film career

At the 29th Hong Kong Film Awards, Cheng and Derek Kwok won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director conjointly. Despite never having personally practiced any martial arts, Cheng co-wrote and co-directed Gallants, a martial arts film, with Kwok. The actors Cheng and Kwok chose for the film were primarily people who had acted in 1970s and 1980s Hong Kong cinema. The film had its Canadian premiere at the 2010 Fantasia Festival, and Cheng was in attendance. He also attended the film's United Kingdom premiere at the 2011 Terracotta Far East Film Festival. At the 30th Hong Kong Film Awards, Gallants was announced to have won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Film, at which point Cheng jumped from his seat and began hugging the film's cast members. Cheng was in charge of the visual effects for contemporary fantasy film Rest on Your Shoulder and costume drama The Great Magician.

## Filmography

| Title | Release date | Studio | Budget | Box office |
| Gallants | June 4, 2010 | Focus Films | ? | $585,848 |
# Blake Nordstrom

Blake Willard Nordstrom (October 4, 1960 – January 2, 2019) was an American businessman. The great-grandson of John W. Nordstrom, he served as sole President of the Nordstrom department store chain from 2000 to 2014, and then co-president with his brothers, Peter, and Erik Nordstrom, from 2015 until his death in 2019.
He was a former director of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. A graduate of the University of Washington, he married Molly A. Lewis in 1988 with whom he had two children.
Nordstrom died on January 2, 2019, after being diagnosed with lymphoma.
# J. G. Phillips

Sir John Grant Phillips KBE (13 March 1911 – 7 October 1986) was an Australian economist who became the second Governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, from 1968 to 1975. His name appeared on Australian currency notes as "J. G. Phillips".

## Honours

In the Queen's Birthday Honours of 8 June 1968, he was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE), and in the 1972 New Year Honours he was promoted Knight Commander in that order (KBE).

## Death

In October 1986 his and his wife's bodies were found after their joint suicide. The couple had been a member of a local euthanasia society, and although in good health, had prepared for their joint suicide.

## Publications

* Developments in monetary theory and policies (1971), R. C. Mills memorial lecture; 5 – ISBN 0-424-06260-7
# Sphecodes pellucidus

Sphecodes pellucidus is a Palearctic species of sweat bee.
# Plymouth County

Plymouth County is the name of two counties in the United States:
* Plymouth County, Iowa
* Plymouth County, Massachusetts
# Sora Sompeng (Unicode block)

Sora Sompeng is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Sora language of India.
Sora Sompeng Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| U+110Dx | 𑃐 | 𑃑 | 𑃒 | 𑃓 | 𑃔 | 𑃕 | 𑃖 | 𑃗 | 𑃘 | 𑃙 | 𑃚 | 𑃛 | 𑃜 | 𑃝 | 𑃞 | 𑃟 |
| U+110Ex | 𑃠 | 𑃡 | 𑃢 | 𑃣 | 𑃤 | 𑃥 | 𑃦 | 𑃧 | 𑃨 | | | | | | | |
| U+110Fx | 𑃰 | 𑃱 | 𑃲 | 𑃳 | 𑃴 | 𑃵 | 𑃶 | 𑃷 | 𑃸 | 𑃹 | | | | | | |
| Notes 1.^ As of Unicode version 16.0 2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points |||||||||||||||||

## History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Sora Sompeng block:
| Version | Final code points | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | L2/99-059 | N1957 | Everson, Michael (1999-01-29), Proposal for encoding the Sorang Sompeng script in the BMP of the UCS |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | L2/08-129 | N3410 | Everson, Michael (2008-04-08), Preliminary proposal for encoding the Sorang Sompeng script in the UCS |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | L2/09-104 | | Moore, Lisa (2009-05-20), "E.9", UTC #119 / L2 #216 Minutes |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | L2/09-189R | N3647R | Everson, Michael (2009-06-08), Proposal for encoding the Sora Sompeng script in the UCS |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | | N3703 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2010-04-13), "M55.24", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting no. 55, Tokyo 2009-10-26/30 |
| 6.1 | U+110D0..110E8, 110F0..110F9 | 35 | L2/10-174 | | Vitebsky, Piers (2010-05-06), Sora Sompeng text materials |
| ↑ Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names ||||||
# Short-tailed field tyrant

The short-tailed field tyrant (Muscigralla brevicauda) is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is monotypic within the genus Muscigralla. It is found in Ecuador, Peru and far northern Chile where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and pastureland.
# Flom (surname)

Flom is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Chaim Flom (died 2008), Israeli rabbi
* George T. Flom (1871–1960), American linguist and medievalist
* Jason Flom (born 1960/61), American music industry executive, podcaster, and philanthropist
* Joseph H. Flom (1923–2011), American lawyer