OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ian Livingstone (economist)

Ian Livingstone (1933-2001) was a noted British development economist.

## Early life

Livingstone was born in France to Scottish parents. His family returning to the UK just prior to France falling to the Nazi's 1940. He studied economics at the University of Sheffield graduating with a first class degree. He followed this with post-graduate studies at Yale University.

## Career

Livinstone's first proper job was a civil service posting in Salisbury, Rhodesia and this was followed shortly after by his first academic job as one of the first staff in the economics department of Makerere University. After several years there he returned to Sheffield and became a lecturer in economic statistics in his old department. In 1965 he returned to head the economics department at Makerere, and then went on to lead the economic research bureau at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (1968-71). He also worked in the mid-70s as a research professor in the Institute of Development Studies (University of Nairobi) in Kenya. This was followed by a return to the UK for a brief posting at Newcastle University before moving to the post that was to see him to the end of his career - a professorship in Development Economics at the School of Development Studies at the University of East Anglia.

## Other noted roles

* Membership of the economics committee of the Economic and Social Research Council (1976-80)
* Membership of the Overseas Development Administration's economic and social committee on research (1977-92)
* Membership of the Commonwealth Scholarships Commission (1995-2001).

## Works

Tribe reports that following might be viewed as his major works:
* The textbook: An Introduction To Economics For East Africa (1968). The "Samuelson of Africa".
* The first socio-economic development plan for Cambodia (1995-96)
* A study of small and medium industries in the Gulf States (1989)
* A study on wages and employment in Malawi (1993)
* A report on the agro-processing contribution to rural employment in Vietnam (1994)
Tribe identifies the common features of these works a being their "rigorous economic analysis and a focus on people and the improvement of their living standards."

## Other sources

Livingstone, Ian, Michael A. Tribe, John T. Thoburn, Richard Palmer-Jones (2005) Development economics and social justice: essays in honour of Ian Livingstone, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2005 ISBN 0-7546-3879-0, ISBN 978-0-7546-3879-7

## Other noted works

Livingstone, Ian (1981) Development Economics and Policy: Readings, London, George Allen and Unwin
# Ian Liversedge

Ian Liversedge is a sports physiotherapist and former professional footballer.

## Career
### As a player

He played for Everton and Blackpool.

### As a physiotherapist

Huddersfield Town appointed him as their physiotherapist on 4 July 2008, after four years with Accrington Stanley, replacing Lee Brendan Martin. He left the club after the dismissal of Stan Ternent.
Liversedge started his physiotherapy career at Newcastle United. He subsequently worked at Oldham Athletic, Manchester United, Stoke City, Altrincham and Burnley where he spent five years with Stan Ternent. Whilst at Burnley he was given the sobriquet 'Sos'. He has also worked at the Beaumont Hospital in Bolton.
He joined Accrington Stanley in June 2004, then in the Conference, with a brief to "establish the medical side of the operation ... virtually from scratch". When he left, Chief Executive Robert Heys said "Ian played an important role in our promotion back to the Football League in 2006".
Liversedge moved to Macclesfield Town in January 2014.

## Radio broadcast

Liversedge took part in the BBC Radio 4 programme "Kicking Off The Dream", which looked behind the scenes at Oldham Athletic, on 4 January 1990.

## Disciplinary matters

The FA Regulatory Commission fined Liversedge £100 and warned him as to future conduct, on 4 October 2007, for a breach of FA Rule E3 - Improper conduct. This arose from an incident at the Accrington Stanley v Peterborough United League Two match on 1 September 2007. He was charged again, for using bad language during the Accrington Stanley v Milton Keynes Dons game on 24 March 2008.
# MethBase

MethBase is a database of DNA methylation data derived from next-generation sequencing data. MethBase provides a visualization of publicly available bisulfite sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing experiments through the UCSC Genome Browser. MethBase contents include single-CpG site resolution methylation levels for each CpG site in the genome of interest, annotation of regions of hypomethylation often associated with gene promoters, and annotation of allele-specific methylation associated with genomic imprinting.
# Ian Edmondson

Ian Edmondson (born c. 1969) is a British tabloid journalist. He was the news editor at the News of the World. Edmondson was arrested by the Metropolitan Police in April 2011 during the Operation Weeting phone-hacking investigation.

## Career

Edmondson worked for News of the World twice. Before landing his first position at News of the World Edmondson worked as a freelance reporter. He was initially hired by News of the World as a general news reporter. He went on to spend 18 months as the paper's crime correspondent before moving to rival tabloid The People in 2000 as assistant news editor. He progressed through deputy news editor and news editor and was promoted to assistant editor (news) in 2003. Edmondson was hired to the News of the World editorial team by Neil Wallis, who was Andy Coulson's deputy editor in November 2004. Coulson promoted Edmondson to assistant editor of the news department in October 2005.
A former News of the World reporter said that Edmonson was one of the inner circle of executives when Coulson was editor of the paper. As the assistant editor of the news section, he was part of a clique of senior-ranking staff that discussed 'high grade' and sensitive news stories privately after the official editorial meetings had taken place. He was reported to have been privy to most of the big scoops the paper published each week. News of the World's former royal editor, Clive Goodman, who produced some news scoops which involved paying the private detective Glenn Mulcaire to hack into mobile phones belonging to leading public figures, was a colleague of Edmonson's.
In May 2012 Edmonson was appointed as the editor of Loaded magazine.

## News of the World phone hacking scandal

Edmondson was suspended on 5 January 2011 after being implicated in the News of the World phone hacking scandal, and sacked later in the same month. Edmondson was arrested, along with his former colleague Neville Thurlbeck on 5 April 2011 by police as part of Operation Weeting, and released on bail until September 2011, later extended until March 2012.
He was one of those on trial in R v Brooks, Coulson and six others, but when he fell ill the trial continued without him. A court hearing in July 2014 established that Edmondson was fit to continue. On 3 October 2014, Edmondson changed his plea to guilty, becoming the eighth person from the now-defunct News of the World to be convicted of phone hacking. Edmondson admitted conspiring with colleagues and private detective Glenn Mulcaire to intercept private voicemails between 3 October 2000 and 9 August 2006. These included the voicemails of two home secretaries, Sir Paul McCartney and the actors Jude Law and Sienna Miller. The court heard that Edmondson tasked Mulcaire with hacking some 344 times. On 7 November 2014, Mr Justice Saunders jailed Edmondson for eight months, saying that he only had himself to blame.
# Stanisław Żuk

Stanisław Adam Żuk (born 1 October 1954 in Plinkajmy, Poland) is a Polish engineer, manager in the mining and energy industry, local government officer and politician, MP for the Sejm of the 9th parliamentary term.

## Biography

He holds a master's degree in mining engineering and graduated from the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków. He also completed postgraduate studies in management. In 1974, he started working at Kopalnia Węgla Brunatnego Turów in Bogatynia, initially as a labourer. He was gradually promoted and became interim manager of the mine in 1999. From 2000 to 2010, he was president of the board of directors, later becoming branch manager until 2013. From 2004 to 2018, he headed the Employers' Association of the Lignite Producers Agreement. He also became vice-president of the management board of PGE Mining and Conventional Power Generation.
He has been involved in local government since the 1990s. Between 1994 and 1998, he was a municipal councillor in Zawidów and a delegate to the Jeleniogórskie Voivodeship Local Government Assembly. In 1998, he was elected as a councillor of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship Sejmik of the first term on behalf of the Solidarity Electoral Action, in which he sat until 2002. From 2002 to 2018, he was a councillor in the Zgorzelec County and served as Chairman of the Poviat Council. He was elected a councillor successively on behalf of KWW Porozumienie Prawicy (2002), Law and Justice (2006) and Civic Platform (2010, 2014). In 2015, he re-affiliated with the Law and Justice party. In 2018, he did not stand as a candidate in the local elections.
In the 2019 parliamentary elections, he ran for the Sejm from constituency 1 (Legnica) as a representative of the Kukiz'15 movement on the list of the Polish People's Party. He was elected as an MP for the ninth term, receiving 7694 votes. In December 2020, together with other Kukiz'15 MPs, he found himself outside the Polish Coalition parliamentary club, becoming an unaffiliated MP. In February 2021, he became a member of the newly established Kukiz'15 parliamentary club, Demokracja Bezpośrednia.

## Awards

* Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (2012)
* Gold Cross of Merit (2001)
* Silver Cross of Merit (1997)
* Medal of the 100th Anniversary of Regaining Independence
* Title of honorary citizen of Zawidów

## Private life

Son of Wacław and Jadwiga. Married, has three children: a daughter and two sons. Lives in Zawidów.
# Stanisława Angel-Engelówna

Stanisława Angel-Engelówna (23 April 1908 – 7 August 1958) was a Polish stage and film actress.

## Filmography

* Wrzos (1938)
* Serce matki (1938)
* Rena (1938)
* Florian (1938)
* O czym się nie mówi... (1939)
* Geniusz sceny (1939)
# All Saints Church, East Sheen

All Saints Church, East Sheen, is a church in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, located at the junction of East Sheen Avenue and Park Avenue in East Sheen. All Saints Church is a member of the Anglican Communion and the Church of England and the style of worship is Modern Catholic. There are three regular Sunday services at 8:00am, 10:00am and at midday.

## The building

Built to serve the growing suburb of East Sheen, the building's foundation stone was laid on 28 October 1928 by Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (who was then the Duchess of York and later became Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother).
The church was built on land bequeathed under the will of Major Shepherd-Cross, MP for Bolton, who lived at nearby Palewell Lodge from 1896 until his death in 1913. It was consecrated on All Saints' Day 1929.
The architects were J E Newberry & C W Fowler.
Fire destroyed much of the nave in 1963, and the roof was later rebuilt.
The building includes a stained glass window commemorating Suzy Lamplugh, the estate agent who went missing in 1986, and who was, with her family, a member of All Saints congregation. The window was installed in her memory in 1996.
The terracotta Stations of the Cross were sculpted by Nathan David.
The church has a lady chapel which is used for the early morning service on Sundays and for other services during the week. There is also a church hall.
# Stage to Mesa City

Stage to Mesa City is a 1947 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and starring Lash La Rue, Al St. John, Jennifer Holt, George Chesebro, Buster Slaven, and Marshall Reed. The film was released by Producers Releasing Corporation on September 13, 1947.

## Plot

John Watson is in financial difficulties because bandits are repeatedly holding up the coaches on his stage line, and his only hope is to get a mail contract but the bandits have to be stopped. His lawyer, Alan Baxter, tells him that the sheriff refuses to help. U.S. Marshal Cheyenne Davis and his pal Fuzzy Jones are sent to investigate. They arrive just as Watson has been attacked by the bandits, and he dies in Cheyenne's arms after asking him to meet his daughter Margie and son Bob, who are arriving in town with the cash needed to keep the stage line afloat. After Cheyenne and Fuzzy save them from being robbed by the outlaws, Margie and Bob make Cheyenne their business manager. Cheyenne makes the rounds of Mesa City and meets postmaster Tom Padgett, who is paralyzed. Following a failed attempt to get the stage through, Cheyenne begins to suspect Baxter but the latter is killed before Cheyenne can question him. A trap to capture the outlaws fails, but one of them loses a heel from his shoe. Cheyenne goes to see Padgett and notices some mud on the floor. He removes the blanket from around Padgett's legs and discovers that the heel from one of his shoes is missing. Padgett leaps from his chair and attacks Cheynne, but is knocked out and disclosed as the leader of the outlaw gang.

## Cast

* Lash La Rue as Cheyenne Davis (as 'Lash' La Rue)
* Al St. John as Fuzzy Jones (as Al 'Fuzzy' St. John)
* Jennifer Holt as Margie Watson
* George Chesebro as Tom Padgett
* Buster Slaven as Bob Watson (as Brad Slaven)
* Marshall Reed as Lawyer Baxter
* Terry Frost as Henchman Ed Williams
* Carl Mathews as Henchman Jim
* Bob Woodward as Stage Driver Pete
* Steve Clark as John Watson
* Frank Ellis as Stocker
* Lee Morgan as Sheriff
* Russell Arms as Postal Inspector Hardy (uncredited)
* Roy Bucko as Henchman (uncredited)
* Dee Cooper as Henchman (uncredited)
* Rube Dalroy as Townsman (uncredited)
* Jack Evans as Townsman (uncredited)
* Kit Guard as Barfly (uncredited)
* Herman Hack as Townsman (uncredited)
* George Huggins as Townsman (uncredited)
* Wally West as Henchman (uncredited)
# Cancellaria corrosa

Cancellaria corrosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Cancellaria crawfordiana

Cancellaria crawfordiana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.
# Canton of Bécherel

The Canton of Bécherel is a former canton of France, in the Ille-et-Vilaine département, located in the northwest of the department. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 10 communes, and its population was 11,592 in 2012.
# Canton of Bédarieux

The Canton of Bédarieux is a former subdivision of the French department of Hérault, and its subdivision, the Arrondissement of Béziers. It had 10,000 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015.

## Municipalities

The canton comprised the following communes:
* Bédarieux
* Camplong
* Carlencas-et-Levas
* Faugères
* Graissessac
* Pézènes-les-Mines
* Le Pradal
* Saint-Étienne-Estréchoux
* La Tour-sur-Orb
# Allie Carroll Hart

Allie Carroll Hart (1913–2003; sometimes known as Carroll Hart) was an American librarian, historian, archivist, and teacher who served as the director of the Georgia Department of Archives and History from 1964 to 1982. She was also instrumental in the founding of the Society of Georgia Archivists and the Georgia Genealogical Society, and assisted in the foundation of the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library.

## Early years and education

Hart was born in 1913 in Madison, Georgia. She grew up loving history and documents from a young age. Hart was an excellent student and went to Brenau College with a full scholarship, graduating with a BA in history in 1935. She then earned an MA in history at the University of Georgia in 1939.

## Career

In 1957, Hart was hired as assistant to the director of the Atlanta-based Georgia Department of Archives and History, working under Mary Givens Bryan. She was made director in 1964.
As director, Hart started an annual archivist training program in 1964 which continues today as the Georgia Archives Institute, attracting people from across the country and world. She also formalized the state records management process, used microfilm to preserve documents across all of Georgia's counties, and in 1966 made the Georgia Historical Society in Savannah part of the state archives.

### Vanishing Georgia

Hart founded Vanishing Georgia in 1977, an organization dedicated to preserving privately held historical photographs. Using a van equipped with a darkroom traveling around Georgia, it amassed a collection of 17,000 photographs in its first five years. A book based on the project, Vanishing Georgia, was published in 1982 and led to further publications, Vanishing DeKalb and Vanishing Gwinnett.

### Post retirement years

Hart retired in 1982 and moved back to her beloved hometown of Madison, where she founded the Morgan County Historical Society, the Morgan County Landmarks Society, and G.O.S.H. (Girls Over Seventy, Honey!). Even after her retirement, Georgia Secretary of State David Poythress called her "director emeritus" of the Department of Archives and History. Hart was also the historian for Madison's First United Methodist Church, and she was involved in the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Georgia Wildlife Federation.

## Death and legacy

Hart died in 2003 of cancer, with no immediate surviving relatives. After her death, former President Jimmy Carter said Hart would be "remembered and appreciated for generations to come for devoting her talents and professional career to preserving and chronicling Georgia's history." The Society of Georgia Archivists' Carroll Hart Scholarship is named in her honor. In 2015, Hart was recognized as a Georgia Woman of Achievement.
# Mesnieraceae

The Mesnieraceae are a family of fungi with an uncertain taxonomic placement in the class Dothideomycetes.
# Mesnik

Mesnik may refer to:
* William Mesnik (b. 1953), American actor
* Mesnik, Iran, a village in Hamadan Province, Iran
# Julian Eberhard

Julian Eberhard (born 9 November 1986) is an Austrian former biathlete.
He debuted at the Biathlon World Cup in 2006. During the 2015–16 season Eberhard got his first individual victory, winning sprint in Khanty-Mansiysk. His brother Tobias Eberhard is also a biathlete.

## Biathlon results

All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

### Olympic Games

0 medals
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay |
| 2018 Pyeongchang | 17th | 4th | 15th | 6th | 4th | 10th |

### World Championships

2 medals (2 bronze)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay | Single Mixed relay |
| 2013 Nové Město | — | 66th | — | — | — | 16th | — |
| 2015 Kontiolahti | — | 44th | 37th | — | — | — | — |
| 2016 Oslo Holmenkollen | 58th | 36th | 26th | — | 4th | — | — |
| 2017 Hochfilzen | 14th | 7th | 8th | 19th | Bronze | — | — |
| 2019 Östersund | 41st | 16th | 19th | Bronze | 8th | — | — |
| 2020 Rasen-Antholz | DNF | 26th | 14th | 9th | 6th | — | — |
| 2021 Pokljuka | 33rd | 66th | — | — | 10th | — | — |
    *During Olympic seasons competitions are only held for those events not included in the Olympic program.

## Individual victories

4 victories (3 Sp, 1 Ms)
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Level |
| 2015–16 1 victory (1 Sp) | 18 March 2016 | Khanty-Mansiysk | 10 km Sprint | Biathlon World Cup |
| 2016–17 2 victories (2 Sp) | 5 January 2017 | Oberhof | 10 km Sprint | Biathlon World Cup |
| 2016–17 2 victories (2 Sp) | 3 March 2017 | Pyeongchang | 10 km Sprint | Biathlon World Cup |
| 2017–18 1 victory (1 Ms) | 11 March 2018 | Kontiolahti | 15 km Mass Start | Biathlon World Cup |
    *Results are from UIPMB and IBU races which include the Biathlon World Cup, Biathlon World Championships and the Winter Olympic Games.
# Canon FD 135 mm lens

Several different models of Canon FD 135 mm lenses were produced by Canon Inc. for the Canon FD lens mount. Two were produced in the original "Old FD" style with a silver locking ring for the breech lock mount at the base, while three models were produced as "New FD" lenses where the entire lens barrel rotated to lock the lens in place.

## "Old" FD lenses

* 135 mm f/2.5: introduced in 1971 as one of the first lenses in the new Canon FD mount. Like all of the very early Canon FD lenses, it does not indicate the type of coating on the front lens ring. All lenses from 1971 (indeed, from the very early 1950s forward) were coated in one form or another.
* 135 mm f/2.5 S.C.: The marking for Spectra Coating (SC) was added in 1973.
* 135 mm f/3.5:
* 135 mm f/3.5 S.C. (I):
* 135 mm f/3.5 S.C. (II):

## New FD lenses

* 135 mm f/2.0
* 135 mm f/2.8
* 135 mm f/3.5

## Specifications

| | FD | FD | FD | FD | FD | New FD | New FD | New FD |
| Attribute | f/2.5 | f/2.5 S.C. | f/3.5 | f/3.5 S.C. (I) | f/3.5 S.C. (II) | f/2 | f/2.8 | f/3.5 |
| Coating | S.C.(unmarked) | S.C. | S.C.(unmarked) | S.C. | S.C. | S.S.C. | S.S.C. | S.S.C. |
| Maximum aperture | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2 | 2.8 | 3.5 |
| Minimum aperture | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 32 | 32 | 32 |
| Weight | 670 g | 630 g | 480 g | 465 g | 385 g | 670 g | 395 g | 325 g |
| Length | 91 mm | 91 mm | 83 mm | 83 mm | 85 mm | 90.4 mm | 78 mm | 85 mm |
| Maximum diameter | 69 mm | 69 mm | 66 mm | 66 mm | 66 mm | 78 mm | 63 mm | 63 mm |
| Filter diameter | 58 mm | 58 mm | 55 mm | 55 mm | 55 mm | 72 mm | 52 mm | 52 mm |
| Groups/Elements | 5/6 | 5/6 | 3/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 | 5/6 | 5/6 | 4/4 |
| # of diaphragm blades | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 6 |
| Closest focusing distance | 1.5 m | 1.5 m | 1.5 m | 1.5 m | 1.5 m | 1.3 m | 1.3 m | 1.3 m |
| Release date | March 1971 | March 1973 | July 1970 | March 1973 | November 1976 | May 1980 | June 1979 | June 1979 |
# Ian Sinclair (barrister)

Sir Ian McTaggart Sinclair KCMG QC (14 January 1926 – 8 July 2013) was a British international lawyer and diplomat.
Born in Glasgow, Sinclair was educated at the Glasgow Academy, Merchiston Castle School, and King's College, Cambridge, where he read law. He joined the Foreign Office as an assistant legal adviser in 1950. In 1976, he was appointed Legal Adviser to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, serving until 1984, when he retired early. After his retirement, Sinclair returned to the bar.
# Allen, Allen, Allen & Allen

Allen, Allen, Allen & Allen is a United States law firm in Richmond, Virginia. It was founded in 1910 in Lunenburg County, Virginia, by George E. Allen Sr. The firm is the oldest and largest personal injury law firm in Virginia. It has seven offices in Virginia, in Richmond, Charlottesville, Chesterfield, Fredericksburg, Mechanicsville, Petersburg, and Stafford.

## History

In 1951 Allen & Allen represented the plaintiffs in Mahone v. Ford Motor Company.
In February 2009, Coleman Allen, Jr., a trial lawyer with the firm, was co-signer with Rodney A. Smolla for Vicki Iseman of the public statement released upon Ms. Iseman's settlement (without cash) of her defamation suit against The New York Times. Ms. Iseman had sued over coverage of her part in the John McCain lobbyist controversy, during Sen. McCain's 2008 presidential campaign. The statement rested much of the case on whether Ms. Iseman was a private citizen or public figure in the situation, with her lawyers arguing for her rights as a private citizen.
In 2013, Matthew Murray, an attorney with the Allen, Allen, Allen & Allen firm was disciplined by the Virginia State Bar for obstructionist conduct in Lester v. Allied Concrete. Murray accepted a five year suspension from the Virginia State Bar and resigned his position from the Allen, Allen, Allen & Allen law firm.