OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Astrothelium testudineum

Astrothelium testudineum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is found in Brazil.

## Taxonomy

The lichen was fornally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Marcela Cáceres. Astrothelium testudineum is most similar to A. leioplacum, but it can be distinguished by its hamathecium inspersion and larger ascospores.

## Description

The thallus of Astrothelium testudineum is thickly corticate, smooth, somewhat shiny, continuous, and ochraceous, covering areas up to cm in diameter. It is approximately 0.2 mm thick and surrounded by a black prothallus line, about 0.1 mm wide. The lichen does not induce gall formation on the host bark.
Ascomata are pyriform, measuring 0.5–0.9 mm in diameter, and are mostly aggregated in groups of 2–6, immersed in the thallus, without pseudostroma. The wall is carbonized all around, up to about 70 μm thick. Ostioles are eccentric, fused, and flat, with a brown colour. Hamathecium is densely inspersed with hyaline oil globules. Asci contain 8 ascospores, which are hyaline, densely muriform, broadly ellipsoid, and measure 50–65 by 23–27 μm.
In terms of standard chemical spot tests, the thallus surface of Astrothelium testudineum is UV−, and the thallus medulla is K−. Thin-layer chromatography shows no secondary substances detected.

## Habitat and distribution

Astrothelium testudineum is found on Hevea brasiliensis bark in plantations. The species is currently known only from Brazil.
# Pocholo Ramirez

José "Pocholo" del Rosario Ramírez de Arellano (January 19, 1933 – March 18, 2009), better known as Pocholo Ramírez, was a Filipino race car driver and television host. Also known as "Tito Poch", Ramirez was hailed as a racing legend in the Philippines, with a career in racing that spanned 45 years.

## Racing career

Ramirez was born in Manila, Philippines. He began his racing career at the age of 30, beginning as a kart racer, then as a rally car driver starting in 1964. He won the Shell Car Rally Championship in 1966 and 1970, and was named Slalom Driver of the Year in 1967 and 1968.
Ramirez began circuit racing in 1969 and formula racing in 1974. Between 1973 and 1986, Ramirez participated in several prominent Grand Prix races in Southeast Asia, including the Macau Grand Prix, the Malaysian Grand Prix, the Selangor Grand Prix and the Indonesian Grand Prix. He placed second overall at the 1972 Macau Grand Prix (saloon car), and third overall the following year. Ramirez was named Best Southeast Asian driver during the 1978 and 1979 runs of the Macau Grand Prix.
In 1995, Ramirez established the Subic International Raceway at Zambales. The racetrack at Subic soon became the haven of hundreds of race car drivers who would train there, and would eventually host several international and local racing events.
Ramirez raced competitively until around 2008, when he was 75 and already battling cancer. In 2000, he was the Blaze Super Saloon Champion. Shortly before his death, Ramirez was inducted by the Automobile Association Philippines into its Hall of Fame.

## Personal life

He is survived by his wife, Ellen, and children José André "Kookie"†, Georges, Louis, Michelle and Miguel.

## In media

Ramirez was the long-time co-anchor (together with Butch Gamboa) of the racing show Motoring Today, which aired on the People's Television Network.
In 2005, Ramirez gained renewed popularity when he appeared in a popular advertisement for Petron, taking on a driving challenge that required him to traverse 1,114 kilometers across the Philippines on one full tank of gas. His tag line, "Traffic? Bring it on!" became popular and was widely imitated.
# T. dubia

T. dubia may refer to:
* Tabebuia dubia, a plant species endemic to Cuba
* Thladiantha dubia, the goldencreeper, Manchu tuber-gourd, wild potato, thladianthe douteuse, a fieldweed and a rarely used ornamental plant species
* Trypeta dubia, a fruit fly species
# Franklin W. Johnson

Franklin Winslow Johnson (August 17, 1870 – February 19, 1956) was the 15th President of Colby College, Maine, United States, from 1929–1942. Franklin W. Johnson is widely remembered as the president who began to move Colby College to its Mayflower Hill location and set it on the road to national prestige, in the face of the Great Depression and the beginning of World War II.

## Early life

Johnson was born in Jay, Maine in 1870. He was schooled at Wilton Academy, a Bates College Preparatory School of Calvinist Baptist learnings (now called Academy Hill School, for grades 3-6). In the fall of 1887 in a departure from his schooling so far, he chose to enter Colby, a Free Baptist institution at the time, and graduated in 1891.
His first job after graduating was principal of Calais High School, during which time he met and married his wife Carolyn. In 1894 they moved to Waterville and Johnson took a job as the principal of the Coburn Classical Institute. In 1905 he moved to Chicago to become the principal of Morgan Park High School, and in 1907 became principal of the progressive and controversial University of Chicago High School, part of the school system created by John Dewey, and now known as the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools.
During World War I, he was a major in the United States Army Sanitary Corps. After the war, he rejoined John Dewey at Teachers College at Columbia University. In 1920 Colby invited him to join the Board of Trustees - Johnson continued teaching at Columbia until 1929, when President Roberts' death. Already known and well-respected, Johnson was quickly selected as the new president.

## Presidency at Colby

Johnson was inaugurated at the age of 60 in 1929, 2 years after Arthur Roberts had left the college on medical leave under a faculty committee, and weeks after the death of his wife.
Johnson reportedly donated an amount higher than his annual salary to the capital campaign for moving the campus.
He launched the Maine Million, a fundraising campaign to find one million dollars from Maine donors to support the continued construction of the Mayflower Hill campus.
Johnson retired in 1942, when colleges nationwide were suffering from declining male enrollment caused by WWII and educational resources made scarce by the war effort. Lorimer Chapel, Roberts Union, Miller Library, Runnals Hall, and East and West Quad were under construction. In 1948, Johnson Pond was dedicated in his name, and he rowed around the pond to celebrate.

## Published works

* The Coburn Classical Institute (article), The centennial history of Waterville, Kennebec County, Maine. June 23, 1902.
# Lift Every Voice

Lift Every Voice may refer to:
* "Lift Every Voice and Sing", a 1900 song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson and set to music by his brother Rosamond Johnson
* Lift Every Voice and Sing (sculpture), a 1939 sculpture by Augusta Savage
* Lift Every Voice (Andrew Hill album), an album recorded in 1969 by jazz pianist Andrew Hill
* Lift Every Voice and Sing (album), an album recorded in 1971 by jazz drummer and percussionist Max Roach
* Lift Every Voice (Malachi Thompson album), 1993 album by jazz trumpeter Malachi Thompson
* Lift Every Voice (Charles Lloyd album), an album recorded in 2002 by jazz saxophonist Charles Lloyd
* Lift Every Voice, a Sunday morning television show on BET devoted to contemporary gospel music
# Pincé

Pincé (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.
# Colin Wells

Colin Wells may refer to:
* Colin Wells (actor) (born 1963), English actor in Titus
* Colin Wells (cricketer) (born 1960), English cricketer
* Colin Wells (historian) (1933–2010), English classicist
* Colin Wells (Spooks), fictional character in the BBC series Spooks
* Colin Wells (diplomat), ambassador of the United Kingdom to Mauritania since 2021
# Ammonium sulfite

Ammonium sulfite is the ammonium salt of sulfurous acid with the chemical formula (NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_3$.

## Preparation

Ammonium sulfite can be prepared by the reaction of ammonia with sulfur dioxide in aqueous solution:
    2 NH$_3$ + SO$_2$ + H$_2$O → (NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_3$
Ammonium sulfite is produced in gas scrubbers, now obsolete, consisting of ammonium hydroxide to remove sulfur dioxide from emissions from power plants. The conversion is the basis of the Walther Process. The resulting ammonium sulfite can be air oxidized to give ammonium sulfate.

## Uses

Ammonium sulfite is the precursor to ammonium thiosulfate, by reaction with elemental sulfur.

### Niche

For cosmetics, ammonium sulfite is used as a hair straightening agent and a hair waving agent. Ammonium based hair products have been made to replace sodium hydroxide-based products due to the destructive nature of sodium hydroxide on hair.
The most common food product with ammonium sulfite is caramel coloring E150d. According to the FDA, caramel coloring contains ammonium, potassium, or sodium sulfite.
Ammonium sulfite is used as a preservative for fixers in photography. When film photographs are being developed ammonium sulfite can be one of the reducing agents used to preserve the hypo (sodium thiosulfate or ammonium thiosulfate).
Ammonium sulfite can also be used in the making of bricks. The bricks made using ammonium sulfite are mainly used for blast furnace linings.
Ammonium sulfite can be included in lubricants for cold metal working. The lubricants are intended to reduce friction to keep heat production down and keep impurities out of the metals.

## Chemical properties

Ammonium sulfite is a reducing agent. It emits sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen upon heating to decomposition.
The specific gravity of ammonium sulfite is 1.41. The refractive index of ammonium sulfite is 1.515.
# Tarlo, New South Wales

Tarlo is a locality in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in both Goulburn City and Upper Lachlan Shire. It is extends from the outskirts of Goulburn to the Tarlo River south of the township of Taralga..At the 2016 census, it had a population of 164.
The Tarlo River, which flows north to Sydney, is the only significant water source in the area and has provided the locals of all species - plant, animal and human - a vital lifeblood for centuries This has created a rich ecosystem and farmlands nestled at the foot of Tarlo Hill .
First proclaimed in 1885, Tarlo was once a thriving little village by the river. The area is now a rural oasis dominated by farmland and bushland providing a scenic backdrop on the drive to Taralga, Wombeyan Caves, Crookwell, or Goulburn.
Over the years many families have run small farms in the area with cows and sheep still very prevalent across the landscape. Gone though is the original piggery at Riverview once a dominant feature on the landscape by the river. Visitors today can walk the grounds and view the displays to capture a sense of the rugged lifestyle.
In 1974 Taralga Road was realigned to allow for a higher stronger bridge across the Tarlo River after a successful campaign by local to replace the old damaged bridge 400m to the south. The footings of the old bridge, built in 1908, still stand today overlooking the river used now only for picnics and fishing.
The area still features a number of original buildings such as the old Anglican Church, now restored. As does the original Riverview cottage on the hill overlooking the river. As the first house on the road up from the river it used to provide refuge for weary travelers caught unawares by heavy rain as they made the way up from the often flooded Tarlo River crossing. As it does today a bridge is the only way to cross the river on this side of Goulburn providing a vital link to Taralga and the north. Many people with cars, horses and other animals used to get caught when the waters would suddenly rise.

## Activities

Camping: Camping is popular during the warmer months from September to April particularly by the Tarlo River. There are limited public free camping spots available as most of Taralga Road is bounded by private property, but some landholders do allow free camping, such as at the Tarlo River Campgrounds.
# Pigeiros

Pigeiros is a former civil parish in the municipality of Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Caldas de São Jorge e Pigeiros. It has a population of 1,369 inhabitants and a total area of 5.13 km$^2$.
# Diocese of Leeds

Diocese of Leeds may refer to:
* Anglican Diocese of Leeds
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Leeds
# T. crocea

T. crocea may refer to:
* Terina crocea, a geometer moth
* Thismia crocea, a myco-heterotrophic plant
* Tridacna crocea, a giant clam
* Tridrepana crocea, a hook tip moth
* Triteleia crocea, a flowering plant
* Turritella crocea, a sea snail
# Honeychile

Honeychile is a 1951 American comedy film directed by R. G. Springsteen and written by Charles E. Roberts, Jack Townley and Barry Trivers. The film stars Judy Canova, Eddie Foy, Jr., Alan Hale, Jr., Walter Catlett, Claire Carleton and Karolyn Grimes. The film was released on October 20, 1951 by Republic Pictures.

## Cast

* Judy Canova as Judy Canova
* Eddie Foy, Jr. as Eddie Price
* Alan Hale, Jr. as Joe Boyd
* Walter Catlett as Al Moore
* Claire Carleton as Betty Loring
* Karolyn Grimes as Effie
* Brad Morrow as Larry
* Roy Barcroft as Walter Judson
* Leonid Kinskey as Chick Lister
* Gus Schilling as Window Washer
* Irving Bacon as Abner
* Fuzzy Knight as Ice Cream Vendor
* Roscoe Ates as Bob
* Ida Moore as Harriet
* Sarah Edwards as Sarah
* Emory Parnell as Mayor
* Dick Elliott as Sheriff
* Dick Wessel as Bartender
* William Fawcett as Ben Todd
* Robin Winans as Boy
* Stanley Blystone as Mr. Olson
* Donia Bussey as Mrs. Olson
* John Crawford as Marvin McKay
* Cecil Elliott as Woman
* Cecil Weston as Woman
# Siddhalepa

Siddhalepa is a Hettigoda Group owned brand of over 150 Ayurveda based medicines and wellness products produced in Sri Lanka. It exports its products across the world.

## History

Siddhalepa was founded by Victor Hettigoda in 1971 with Rs. 2500. Hettigoda first sold the product by traveling around the country convincing boutique owners and small retailers of its effectiveness.

## Awards

* 2021 Siddhalepa Spray won the International Innovation Award
# Ammonium tetrafluoroborate

Ammonium tetrafluoroborate (or ammonium fluoroborate) is an inorganic salt composed of the ammonium cation and the tetrafluoroborate anion, with the chemical formula NH$_4$BF$_4$. When heated to decomposition, ammonium tetrafluoroborate releases toxic fumes of hydrogen fluoride, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia.

## Preparation

Ammonium tetrafluoroborate can be prepared by reacting ammonium fluoride with boric and sulfuric acid:
    8 NH$_4$F + 2 H$_3$BO$_3$ + 3 H$_2$SO$_4$ → 2 NH$_4$BF$_4$ + 3 (NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_4$ + 6 H$_2$O
# Gimme (One song)

"Gimme" is a song recorded by Cypriot boy band One, written by Giorgos Theofanous. It represented Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 2002, held in Tallinn.

## Background
### Conception

"Gimme" was written by Giorgos Theofanous. It is a boy band number, with a girl being asked to give a sign that she loves the singer.

### Eurovision

In late 2001, the Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC) internally selected the boy band One as its performer for the 47th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. CyBC commissioned Theofanous to write a song especially for the occasion. He wrote "Gimme" and the band recorded it in English, Greek –as "Δεν μπορώ"–, and Spanish –as "Dame"–.
On 25 May 2002, the Eurovision Song Contest was held at the Saku Suurhall in Tallinn hosted by Eesti Televisioon (ETV), and broadcast live throughout the continent. One performed the song first on the night –accompanied by Christina Argyri as backing singer–, followed by the United Kingdom's "Come Back" by Jessica Garlick. It was the first time in the contest that the Cypriot entry did not feature any Greek lyrics as it was performed fully in English. A few seconds after the lead singer Constantinos Christoforou began singing, a technical hitch led to show a caption bearing the words 'the ugly duckling' –it was the postcard meant to be shown before the United Kingdom's performance–. The live signal from the stage was quickly brought back.
At the close of voting, it had received 85 points, placing sixth in a field of twenty-four. The song was succeeded as Cypriot entry at the 2003 contest by "Feeling Alive" by Stelios Constantas.

### Aftermath

"Gimme" was included in the band's third studio album Έχω Τόσα Να Σου Πω released in May 2002. The album was certified platinum in both Greece (+50,000 copies) and Cyprus (+6,000 copies).
Christoforou had already participated for Cyprus at the Eurovision Song Contest 1996 with the song "Mono Yia Mas". He would later make a further solo appearance at the 2005 contest with "Ela Ela (Come Baby)" after the band formally disbanded. Therefore, "Gimme" represents the middle leg in a rare sequence of a Eurovision contestant performing solo, then as a member of a vocal group, before a second solo performance.
On 4 March 2015, the group reunited to perform "Gimme" as guests performers at the Greek national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2015.

## Chart history

| Singles chart (2002) | Peak position |
| Greece (Top 50 Singles Charts) | 2 |

## Legacy
### Impersonations

* In the third episode of the fourth season of Your Face Sounds Familiar aired on 7 May 2017 on ANT1, Aris Makris [el] impersonated Constantinos Christoforou singing "Gimme" replicating One's performance at Eurovision.
# Athletics at the 2003 Pan American Games – Men's 800 metres

The final of the Men's 800 metres event at the 2003 Pan American Games took place on Wednesday August 6, 2003, with the heats staged a day earlier. The Moroccan-born Canadian Achraf Tadili ran a very quick finish to win in a record time of 1:45.05, faster than the previous Pan Am Record (1:45.38) set by USA’s Johnny Gray four years earlier in Winnipeg. Brazil’s Osmar dos Santos (1:45.64) could not respond to his rival’s late surge and finished second, ahead of his compatriot Fabiano Peçanha (1:46.39).

## Medalists

| Gold | Achraf Tadili Canada |
| Silver | Osmar dos Santos Brazil |
| Bronze | Fabiano Peçanha Brazil |

## Records

| World Record | Wilson Kipketer (DEN) | 1:41.11 | August 24, 1997 | Cologne, Germany |
| Pan Am Record | Johnny Gray (USA) | 1:45.38 | July 25, 1999 | Winnipeg, Canada |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Heats | Heats | Final |
| Rank | Athlete | Time | Rank | Time |
| 1 | Achraf Tadili (CAN) | 1:49.70 | 6 | 1:45.05 |
| 2 | Osmar dos Santos (BRA) | 1:49.63 | 5 | 1:45.64 |
| 3 | Fabiano Peçanha (BRA) | 1:49.34 | 3 | 1:46.39 |
| 4 | Jess Strutzel (USA) | 1:49.58 | 4 | 1:46.45 |
| 5 | Sherridan Kirk (TRI) | 1:49.78 | 7 | 1:47.50 |
| 6 | Ricardo Etheridge (PUR) | 1:48.90 | 2 | 1:48.53 |
| 7 | Marvin Watts (JAM) | 1:50.18 | 8 | 1:48.98 |
| 8 | Floyd Thompson (USA) | 1:48.86 | 1 | 1:50.04 |
| 9 | Jermaine Myers (JAM) | 1:50.57 | 9 |
| 10 | Cristian Matute (ECU) | 1:50.88 | 10 |
| 11 | Jean Destine (HAI) | 1:51.20 | 11 |
# Diocese of Leptis Magna

The diocese of Leptis Magna was an ancient bishopric in Africa with its episcopal see in Leptis Magna, modern Al-Khums in Libya. After the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb it was abandoned but reinstated as a titular see in the Catholic Church in 1925.

## History
### Ancient bishopric

Leptis Magna had a bishop from the second century onwards. The first known person known to have served as bishop if a certain Victor who became pope in 189. Bishop Archaeus composed a work on the dating of Easter around the year 200 and bishop Dioga participated at the Synod of 256 in Carthage. The Synod of 484 in Carthage was attended by bishop Callipides of Leptis Magna. After the Byzantine reconquest of Africa from the Vandals, a basilica dedicated to the Theotokos was built in the town and the Nicene creed reintroduced.

### Titular See

The diocese was re-established as a titular see by the Catholic Church in the 20th century, first under the name Leptis Maior and since 1933 as Leptis Magna.

## List of ancient bishops

* Victor (later pope from 189 – 199)
* Archaeus (fl. 200 AD)
* Dioga (fl. 256)
* Callipides (fl. 4XX)

## List of titular bishops

* Ludovico Antomelli, O.F.M. (23 Feb 1913 Appointed – 10 Mar 1919 Appointed, Bishop of Bagnoregio (Bagnorea))
* Monalduzio Leopardi (26 May 1922 Appointed – 20 Dec 1926 Appointed, Bishop of Osimo e Cingoli)
* Jean Delay (10 Aug 1928 Appointed – 14 Aug 1937 Appointed, Bishop of Marseille)
* Alfonso Ferrandina (13 Apr 1938 Appointed – 15 Feb 1955 Died)
* Hermann Josef Schäufele (11 Apr 1955 Appointed – 14 Jun 1958 Confirmed, Archbishop of Freiburg im Breisgau)
* Wilhelm Pluta (4 Jul 1958 Appointed – 28 Jun 1972 Appointed, Bishop of Gorzów)
* John Buckley (16 Mar 1984 Appointed – 19 Dec 1997 Appointed, Bishop of Cork and Ross)
* Thomas Yeh Sheng-nan (10 Nov 1998 Appointed – )
# The Prince and the Composer

The Prince and the Composer: A Film about Hubert Parry by HRH The Prince of Wales is a 2011 documentary film presented by Charles III, the then-Prince of Wales, about the music and life of the composer Sir Hubert Parry. The documentary was directed by John Bridcut and was first broadcast on BBC Four on 27 May 2011.
In the film, Charles explores his love of Parry's music, explaining that there is much more to the composer than "Jerusalem" and "I was glad", as he travels around Britain retracing places that were important to the composer and discovering more about the man and his works. In the film, he travels to significant places in Parry's life; Highnam Court, Shulbrede Priory and hears performances of his lesser-known works such as a rare performance of his Fifth Symphony at the BBC Proms.
# Frank Fleming (Gaelic footballer)

Frank Fleming was a Gaelic footballer who played for the Mayo county team in their cup-winning season. He started Champion Fire Defences after retiring from the league.
# Bianjing Drum Tower

The Bianjing Drum Tower, also known as the Bianjing Pavilion and by its Chinese name as the Bianjing Lou, is a drum tower in Shangguan, the seat of Dai County, Xinzhou Prefecture, Shanxi, in the People's Republic of China. It dates to 1476 and is 39.3 meters (129 ft) high.

## History

Yanmen Pass was an important defensive choke point for ancient and medieval China. The nearest major town to its south was the seat of what is now Dai County, previously known variously as Guangwu, Yanmen, and Daizhou. The tower was constructed in Hongwu 7 (1374 CE), for the purpose of military observation and signaling by means of drums. That original structure was destroyed by a fire in Chenghua 7 (1471). The present tower was built on the site of the first in Chenghua 12 (1476). It was further restored 4 times under the Qing, as well as in 1957, 1976, and 1986 under the People's Republic. The more recent renovations dealt with water damage on the first floor. The Bianjing Drum Tower was named a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage in 2001.

## Structure

The present drum tower is 39.3 meters (129 ft) high. The stone base is about 40 meters (130 ft) long, 33 meters (108 ft) wide, and 13 meters (43 ft) high. The wooden tower faces south. The traditional Chinese units of measurement are 7 jian in length and 5 in width; it has 3 stories and reaches 26 meters (85 ft) high. Its two large placards read "First Tower of Yanmen" (t 鴈門第一樓, s 雁门第一楼, Yànmén Dìyī Lóu) and "Audible in All Directions" (t 聲聞四達, s 声闻四达, Shēng Wén Sì Dá).

## Museum

The tower holds a local museum. One artifact is a 1.9-meter (6 ft 3 in)-tall stone lantern (t 燈臺, s 灯台, dēngtái) that was carved into the shape of Mount Wutai in Dongzhang c. 720.