OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lara Jakes

Lara Jakes (born July 8, 1973) is an American journalist. She currently serves as the diplomatic correspondent for the Washington bureau of The New York Times. Her career has concentrated on international security with a focus on conflict reporting. Jakes has reported from more than 40 countries and covered war and sectarian strife in Iraq, Afghanistan, Israel, the West Bank and Northern Ireland.

## Education

Jakes graduated with a Bachelor in Journalism in 1995 from the University of Missouri School of Journalism.

## Career

Jakes is currently the diplomatic correspondent for The New York Times. Prior to this post she was the foreign policy editor at the Times Washington D.C. bureau.$^$ From 2017 to 2019 Jakes was the deputy managing editor and then managing editor for news at Foreign Policy magazine. She co-authored "The American Pope," which was published by the Vatican in 2016. Prior to that, she worked for the Associated Press for more than 12 years, including as Baghdad bureau chief and as a national security writer. Earlier, she was a national correspondent for Hearst Newspapers and worked at the Times Union in Albany, N.Y.
Jakes has extensive experience on the ground in Iraq reporting on insurgent attacks as well as military and diplomatic relations between the United States and Iraq. She was present during the transition and draw down of US Troops in 2011. Remaining for a year after the withdraw allowed her to report on the people and culture of Iraq after nine years of conflict. Jakes reports that understanding Iraqi customs changed with way she reported on the country. She described the responsibility news organizations have to cover how United States policies impact people around the globe. In January 2020, Jakes described negotiating hostile conversations while reporting on the Trump Administration as "reporters jobs are to ask the hard questions of public officials; it's all about accountability."

### Book

Jakes provided analysis for the book, The American Pope (Vatican Press, 2016). The book gathers the three most important speeches delivered by Pope Francis during his visit to Cuba and the United States in 2015. Jakes was approached by co-author Paolo Messa to write about Pope Francis's visit to Washington. Her contribution focused on the impact of his visit on American politicians and the importance of his message. Jakes wrote of his speech to the joint session of the Congress of the United States of America in Washington, D.C., on September 24, 2015, that Pope Francis evoked the memory of "Lincoln: freedom; Martin Luther King: freedom in diversity and non-exclusion; Dorothy Day: social justice and the rights of persons; and Thomas Merton: capacity for dialogue and openness to God.”

## Personal life

Jakes is married to Col. Mike Jason (U.S. Army, Retired.). They live in Alexandria, Virginia and have 1 daughter. Jakes and Jason have written about the impact of war zone engagement and Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD) for both military and embedded journalist. Jakes is an avid runner.
# Norges Bygdeungdomslag

Norges Bygdeungdomslag ("Norwegian Rural Youth") is a Norwegian youth organization, founded in 1946, aimed at promoting rural culture, and based on a Christian platform. In its heyday, it had close to 20,000 members, although the membership has now dropped to around 5,000 (as of 2020).
The organization organized many cultural and other events. It has a secretariat in Oslo with five employees, but is largely based on voluntary work.
# Charles Coote (1695–1750)

Charles Coote (c. 15 September 1695 – 19 October 1750) was an Irish politician.
Coote was educated at Trinity College Dublin.
Coote was the son of Thomas Coote, a leading politician and judge, and his third wife Anne Lovett, daughter of Alderman Christopher Lovett and widow of William Tighe of County Carlow. He was a grandson of Richard Coote, 1st Baron Coote. He was baptised on 15 September 1695.
He was High Sheriff of Cavan in 1719. He served as Member of the Parliament of Ireland (MP) for Granard from 1723 to 1727, and for County Cavan from 1727 to 1750. He married Prudence Geering, daughter of Richard Geering, in 1722 and had one son and seven daughters. His son Charles became Lord Coote of Coloony, later Earl of Bellomont.
# Hassan Shahriar

Hassan Shahriar (25 April 1946 – 10 April 2021) was a Bangladeshi journalist, columnist, and political analyst.

## Early life and career

Shahriar was born on 25 April 1946 at Sunamganj, a district of Greater Sylhet region.
Shahriar served The Daily Ittefaq as its executive editor. He was the first editor of the Daily Sun and Chief Editor of Chittagong-based Daily People's View. He was Bangladesh correspondent of international news magazine Newsweek, Khaleej Times of Dubai, India's Daily Deccan Herald, The Indian Express and The Asian Age, Pakistan's Morning News, Dawn and Evening Star.
Before the 1971 independence of Bangladesh, he worked as a staff reporter in Karachi, Pakistan.
He was awarded the prestigious Harry Brittan Fellowship by the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU) in 1978. The five-month course included training on advance journalism, attachment to British newspaper Telegraph and Argus of Bradford and Oxford University's Elizabeth House.
Shahriar, who was known as a South Asian affairs analyst, wrote an innumerable number of in-depth and analytical reports on the politics of India, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka. He interviewed personalities including Indian Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi, P. V. Narasimha Rao, and Chandra Sekhar; Kashmiri leader Sheikh Abdullah; Pakistani leaders Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Ziaul Haq, Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif; Cambodian leader Prince Norodom Sihanouk, Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu, Nobel laureate Mother Teresa and cricketer Imran Khan.
Shahriar was the International President Emeritus of the Toronto-based Commonwealth Journalists Association (CJA). He was the first journalist from Asia-Pacific to be elected as president of this organization in 2003. He was re-elected in 2008 and retired in 2012. He served as the vice-president of CJA from 1997 to 2003. He was also elected President of Bangladesh's National Press Club, the Overseas Correspondents Association Bangladesh (OCAB) and the South Asia Press Club Association (SAPCA) and the Commonwealth Journalists Association Bangladesh chapter.
Shahriar covered many national and international events, and attended seminars at home and abroad. He represented Bangladesh at many forums, including the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and the OIC Foreign Ministers' Conference at Sana'a, Yemen.
He was also a part-time instructor of Press Institute of Bangladesh (PIB), News Network feature agency, Management and Resources Development Initiative (MRDI), Dhaka, Society for Environment and Human Development (SHED), Dhaka, Nari Sangbadik Kendra (Women's Journalists' Centre) and many other organizations.
He was a question setter and examiner of the Dhaka University Journalism and Mass Communications Department.
Shahriar died from COVID-19 in 2021>

## Works

Shahriar authored three books:
* Ateet Ateet Noi (Past is not past), a compilation of his columns,
* Newsweeke Bangladesh: Muktijuddha, Bijoy abong Tarpar (Bangladesh in Newsweek: War of Liberation, Victory and Beyond), his reports in Newsweek magazine
* Shesh Bhalo Jar Shob Bhalo Tar' (All's well that ends well), compilation of articles published in different Bengali newspapers.
# Lac des Truites

Lac des Truites is a lake in the municipality of Soultzeren (Haut-Rhin, France). It means Lake of Trouts in English (when translated literally).

## Geography

At an elevation of 1061m, its surface area is 2.8 hectares and is the highest lake of the Vosges massif. The lake on one side has been made into a barrage, in part to fortify the lakeside but also making it possible to regulate the flow of water into the Fecht (a local river, which is a tributary of the Ill, which itself is a tributary of the Rhine).

## Toponymy

The original Alsatian name of the lake was Förlenweier. Frenchifying the toponyms of Alsace, the lake was first called Lac du Foehrlé (ö is often spelled or changed to oe, as in Fischboedle) which then became Lac du Forlet (which it is still called on many maps and waymarks).
It seems however that French authorities misread Förle as a diminutive of the German word Forelle which in French is truite (in English trout), whence the name, when in fact it is a diminutive of Föhre which means pine, meaning the name was in fact lake surrounded by small pine. It may also have something to do with the fact that the Abbey of Murbach used the lake as a reservoir for trout (which can still be seen in the lake).
In Welche (a regional dialect) the lake is called reïf tou blan.
# Shepherd's Bush Village Hall

Shepherd's Bush Village Hall is a Victorian building located on Wood Lane in Shepherd's Bush, London, built in 1898. It was originally constructed as a drill hall for the 1st City of London Volunteer Artillery, but now serves the community as the home of London Vocational Ballet School and West London School of Dance. It was owned by the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham until March 2012 when it was sold to the Wigoder Family Foundation.

## History

The building was originally constructed as a drill hall. The foundation stone, since damaged by shrapnel (presumably during WW2), at Shepherd's Bush Village Hall reads as follows:
    This drill hall was built for the use of the 1st City of London Volunteer Artillery E.D.R.A, by Stephen A. Walker, Captain No 10 Company. W. Shearburn, architect, Dorking.
EDRA stands for "Eastern Division Royal Artillery".

### WWI

During the Great War, the Hammersmith and Fulham Volunteer Regiment was formed, an amalgamation of the Bushmen and the West London Volunteer Corps, named the 20th (Hammersmith) Battalion County of London Regiment. It was composed of four companies, and two of these, the ‘A’ and the ‘B’ Company met at the Drill Hall. The Bushmen (presumably a punning reference to field regiments raised during the Boer War) had their own marching song, which was composed by a local volunteer, Mr Alfred Whittell:
    "We are the merry Bushmen on the march again,
    A-singing some refrain,
    A good song makes you swing along,
    Let it go! Might and main,
    We are the merry Bushmen on the march again,
    A good sport every man,
    Light and Hearty, we’re an optimistic party,
    The jolly Old Bushmen on the march again."

### Modern era

The hall was used in the 1960s as a rehearsal facility for Doctor Who.
In early 2012 the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, owners of the Shepherd's Bush Village Hall, announced that the building had been sold to the Wigoder Family Foundation, a charitable foundation established by British entrepreneur Charles Wigoder with the aim of supporting a wide range of charitable causes.
The Council stated that it intended to spend the proceeds of the sale on front-line services, and to reduce its outstanding debt which at the time stood at £133 million. Among the charities which will continue to rent space in the Hall are The West London School of Dance who currently occupy the ground floor hall of the building.
Shepherd's Bush Village Hall is not a listed building but it falls within the Shepherd's Bush Conservation Area, an area designated by the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham as worthy of special protection.
# Frumious Bandersnatch

Frumious Bandersnatch was an American psychedelic rock band active in the 1960s. It was named after a character from the Lewis Carroll poem "Jabberwocky". Based in Berkeley, California, the band was active from 1967 to 1969. Their initial three-song EP produced a minor underground hit with the song "Hearts to Cry". A recording of their live work, titled A Young Man's Song, was released in 1996 by Big Beat (UK).

## Career

The band was formed across the bay from San Francisco in Contra Costa County, and changed personnel several times. Despite interest from several record companies, the band's only release was a three-song EP on their own label, pressed in a quantity of 1,000 and distributed locally.
Four members of Frumious Bandersnatch (Bobby Winkelman, Jack King, Ross Valory, and David Denny) became regular members of the Steve Miller Band. Valory, along with fellow Frumious Bandersnatch member George Tickner and manager Herbie Herbert, joined former Santana members Neal Schon and Gregg Rolie to form the band Journey in 1973.

## Members

* David Denny – Guitar
* Jack King – Drums
* George Tickner – Guitar
* Ross Valory – Bass
* Bobby Winkelman – Rhythm guitar, bass
* Bret Willmott – Guitar
* Jimmy Warner – Guitar, vocals
* Brian Hough
* Jack Notestein

## Discography

* 1967 – Frumious Bandersnatch EP; self-produced
* 1995 – The Berkeley EP's (compilation, three songs featured); Big Beat UK
* 1996 – A Young Man's Song; Big Beat UK
* 2003 – Golden Songs of Libra, Get Back
* 2007 – Love Is the Song We Sing: San Francisco Nuggets 1965–1970 (compilation, feat. "Hearts to Cry"); Rhino Records
# Nascent state (disambiguation)

Nascent state is a psychological process of destructuration-reorganization.
Nascent state may also refer to:
* Nascent state (chemistry), a superseded chemical theory
* In statu nascendi, a Latin phrase
# Norfolk golden whistler

The Norfolk golden whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis xanthoprocta), also known as the Norfolk Island whistler or Norfolk Island thickhead, and locally as the “tamey”, is a small bird in the whistler family, Pachycephalidae. It is a subspecies of the Australian golden whistler and endemic to Norfolk Island, an Australian territory in the Tasman Sea, between Australia and New Zealand.

## Description

Males of the Norfolk Island subspecies differ from those of other subspecies in lacking the bright yellow, white and black markings and being similar to the females, though somewhat yellower. Relative to most other subspecies it is smaller, with a longer tail and heavier bill.

## Distribution and habitat

The whistler is restricted to Norfolk Island, where it is largely confined to the Mt Pitt section of the Norfolk Island National Park and remnant wooded areas within 2 km of the park. It inhabits shrubby understorey in subtropical rainforest, palm forest and Norfolk Island pines, as well as in regenerating forest. It also visits gardens.

## Status and conservation

After a period of decline during the 1960s and 1970s, the population of the Norfolk golden whistler was estimated in 2005 at 535 breeding pairs. Ongoing threats include habitat degradation and predation by black rats and feral cats. It is considered vulnerable because of the restricted size of the population and area of its distribution. Ongoing conservation management actions include control of rats and feral cats to minimise predation as well as control of invasive weeds to minimise habitat degradation. It is proposed to reintroduce the whistler to nearby Phillip Island when the regenerating habitat there is suitable.
# Hassan Sesay

Hassan Sesay may refer to:
* Hassan Koeman Sesay (1986–), Sierra Leonean international football player
* Hassan Mila Sesay (1987–), Sierra Leonean international football player
# James Smith (VC)

James Smith VC (1871 – 18 March 1946) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
Smith was about 26 years old, and a corporal in The Buffs (East Kent Regiment), British Army during the First Mohmand Campaign, British India when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
On the night of 16/17 September 1897, in the Mamund Valley, North-West India, Corporal Smith, with other men, responded to a call for volunteers and followed two officers of the Royal Engineers (James Morris Colquhoun Colvin and Thomas Colclough Watson) into the burning village of Bilot, driving off the enemy with the bayonet. Afterwards, although wounded, Corporal Smith continued, firing steadily and coolly, and also helped to carry the wounded to the place prepared for them. When Lieutenant Watson left, in order to fetch assistance for the wounded, Corporal Smith held the position till that Officer's return, exposing his life freely in watching the enemy and directing the fire of his men.
For their parts in the action, Lieutenants Watson and Colvin also received the VC.
Smith later achieved the rank of colour-sergeant. He is buried in Watling Street Cemetery in Dartford, Kent.
His Victoria Cross was on display at The Buffs Regimental Museum, Canterbury, England. With the rest of that museum's collection, it has now been transferred to the National Army Museum in Chelsea, London.
# Fritz Schaetzler

Fritz Schaetzler (13 May 1898 – 3 February 1994) was a German baritone and Kammersänger. He studied under Anna Bahr-Mildenburg. From 1919 to 1922, he was engaged at the Nationaltheater München; from 1922 to 1947, he was engaged at the Staatsoper Stuttgart. Concealing physical disabilities, including an amputated leg and a paralyzed hand, that resulted from injuries suffered during the Second Battle of Flanders, he performed throughout Europe (Prague, Bordeaux, Oslo et al.). Over the course of his career, he collaborated with prominent conductors and composers of the era (Hans Knappersbusch, Clemens Krauss, Bruno Walter, Wilhelm Furtwaengler, Richard Strauss, Hans Pfitzner, Carl Orff, Ernst Krenek et al.). Roles included Wolfram, Beckmesser, Figaro, Rigoletto, Tonio.
His autobiography, "Nun Erst Recht," was published in 1943 (Deutscher Verlag, Berlin) and later adapted for the screen "Sieg des Willens" (Berlin, circa 1944/45) with Schaetzler portraying himself. Although of "non-aryan" heritage, and in spite of being an outspoken critic of the regime, Schaetzler survived the Nazi era through the personal intervention of Emmy Göring, a former theater colleague and wife of Hermann Göring, as well as through the tacit shielding of other high-ranking party members.
Schaetzler married and divorced Hildegard Ranczak, leading Strauss soprano (Clarion, Capriccio premiere, 28 October 1942, Nationaltheater München), later marrying soprano Egidia Bonessi (German-Italian Culture Exchange, La Scala, Parma et al.).
After World War II, Schaetzler served as baritone soloist for the American Forces Network (his wife succeeded Grace Moore as soprano soloist after Moore's death in 1947). Over a two and a half year period, Schaetzler and Bonessi hosted their own radio program, broadcast over AFN. With the support of Generals Dwight D. Eisenhower and George S. Patton, Schaetzler emigrated to the United States. He resided in Hollywood, California, where he was active as a vocal coach for the film industry. Students included Keith Larsen, Vera Miles, Hugh O'Brian, Ruth Roman, John Saxon, and Jay Silverheels. In the early 1950s, Schaetzler became an American citizen. He died in La Habra, California.
# Super Foul Egg

Super Foul Egg is a Puyo Puyo clone for the Amiga and the Acorn Archimedes. It was inspired by Amiga Power's comment that no decent clone of the game was made for the machine. After reading the comment, a reader created the game and sent it to the magazine, which included it on their cover disk. The game went on to be ranked the 34th best game of all time by Amiga Power.

## Gameplay

Super Foul Egg is a clone of Puyo Puyo, where pairs of differently-coloured blocks (eggs in this case) drop from above, and the player has to manipulate them into the correct position by moving them left and right, or by rotating the pair. Eggs continue to fall until they rest on another egg. When four or more eggs of the same colour touch each other horizontally or vertically (not diagonally) they vanish, and one or more grey-coloured "foul eggs" drops onto the screen of the opposing player. Foul eggs don't make sets, so they only serve to fill up the screen and hasten a player's defeat. However, eggs that vanish also destroy any adjacent foul eggs. Creating combos whereby disappearing eggs cause a chain reaction in which other eggs fall and make matched sets greatly increases the number of foul eggs that fall on the opponent. The first player to have their screen filled up with un-matched eggs loses.
The game can be played on a single player practice, against a computer AI with two levels of difficulty or in a 2-player head to head mode. The speed of egg drop, and the number of different colours eggs can be adjusted in the main menu.

## Ports

Super Foul Egg was later ported to RISC OS by Owain Cole and appeared on the Acorn User cover disk, and this version was later ported to Java. Remakes exist for the Nintendo DS, Mac OS X and iPad.
# Jammin' on the Avenue

Jammin' on the Avenue is an outdoor sculpture by American artist John Spaulding. It is located on the border of the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus, which is near downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, at the intersection of Indiana Avenue, North Street, and Blackford Street. The historic Lockefield Gardens apartments flank the sculpture to its back. Madam Walker Legacy Center is located across the street. This sculpture is documented in the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! database, which is the inspiration for this project.

## Description

The sculpture is a collage of brass wind instruments welded together and arranged in a square column. Instruments consist of saxophones, sousaphones, trombones, trumpets, and tubas. The sculpture sits in a fountain basin, which has non-chlorinated running water and illumination for the sculpture. The fountain basin is a large trapezoidal shape and the sculpture is set in its most central point. The basin is made of cement and tile. The dimensions of the sculpture are 9'6" × 4' × 4'. The dimensions of the fountain basin are approximately 26" × 35'6" × 70'.

## Information

Jammin' on the Avenue, fabricated in 1989, was commissioned by the Sexton Companies. The sculpture stands at the south entrance to the new section of Lockefield Gardens. It is a tribute to the rich jazz and musical heritage that was a part of the Indiana Avenue cultural district.

## Location history

The location of Jammin' on the Avenue reflects the spirit of this sculpture. It faces Indiana Avenue and the Madam Walker Legacy Center to remind all those who pass of the rich cultural heritage that was and still is a part of this area near the IUPUI campus. The sculpture's location in front of Lockefield Gardens is also significant because the artist was born here. Lockefield Gardens was a public housing project built in 1938. New construction has been added to seven surviving historic buildings, which have been renovated, to create the Lockefield Gardens apartment complex. The sculpture can be found at the south entrance to the complex, which is home to IUPUI students, staff, faculty, and anyone who want to live in this historic and cultural tapestry. Another Spaulding sculpture, Untitled (Jazz Musicians), stands nearby on West Street, across from the Madam Walker Legacy Center.

## Documentation

A Museum Studies course at IUPUI in collections care and management recently undertook the project of researching and reporting on the condition of 40 outdoor sculptures on the university campus. This documentation was influenced by the successful Save Outdoor Sculpture!, a 1989 campaign organized by Heritage Preservation: The National Institute of Conservation in partnership with the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Throughout the 1990s, over 7,000 volunteers in the U.S. have cataloged and assessed the condition of more than 30,000 publicly accessible statues, monuments, and sculptures installed as outdoor public art across the United States.