OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aran Benllyn

Aran Benllyn is a subsidiary summit of Aran Fawddwy in southern Snowdonia, North Wales, Wales, United Kingdom. It is the second highest peak in the Aran mountain range.
It rises from the south shore of Bala Lake, and tops the northern point on the main Aran ridge. In between it and Aran Fawddwy lies another summit: Erw y Ddafad-ddu.
The summit has a few rocky outcrops and is marked by a small cairn. The view include: Bala Lake to the north, Foel y Geifr to the east, Erw y Ddafad-ddu to the south and Rhobell Fawr and Cadair Idris to the west.
North-east of the summit is a lake, Llyn Lliwbran.
# SecDF protein-export membrane protein

SecD and SecF are prokaryotic protein export membrane proteins. They are a part of the larger multimeric protein export complex comprising SecA, D, E, F, G, Y, and YajC. SecD and SecF are required to maintain a proton motive force.
Secretion across the inner membrane in some Gram-negative bacteria occurs via the preprotein translocase pathway. Proteins are produced in the cytoplasm as precursors, and require a chaperone subunit to direct them to the translocase component. From there, the mature proteins are either targeted to the outer membrane, or remain as periplasmic proteins. The translocase protein subunits are encoded on the bacterial chromosome.
The translocase itself comprises 7 proteins, including a chaperone protein (SecB), an ATPase (SecA), an integral membrane complex (SecCY, SecE and SecG), and two additional membrane proteins that promote the release of the mature peptide into the periplasm (SecD and SecF). The chaperone protein SecB is a highly acidic homotetrameric protein that exists as a "dimer of dimers" in the bacterial cytoplasm. SecB maintains preproteins in an unfolded state after translation, and targets these to the peripheral membrane protein ATPase SecA for secretion. Together with SecY and SecG, SecE forms a multimeric channel through which preproteins are translocated, using both proton motive forces and ATP-driven secretion. The latter is mediated by SecA. The structure of the Escherichia coli SecYEG assembly revealed a sandwich of two membranes interacting through the extensive cytoplasmic domains. Each membrane is composed of dimers of SecYEG. The monomeric complex contains 15 transmembrane helices.
This family consists of various prokaryotic SecD and SecF protein export membrane proteins. The SecD and SecF equivalents of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis are jointly present in one polypeptide, denoted SecDF, that is required to maintain a high capacity for protein secretion. Unlike the SecD subunit of the pre-protein translocase of E. coli, SecDF of B. subtilis was not required for the release of a mature secretory protein from the membrane, indicating that SecDF is involved in earlier translocation steps. Comparison with SecD and SecF proteins from other organisms revealed the presence of 10 conserved regions in SecDF, some of which appear to be important for SecDF function. The SecDF protein of B. subtilis has 12 putative transmembrane domains. Thus, SecDF does not only show sequence similarity but also structural similarity to secondary solute transporters.
# The Dust Bowl (miniseries)

The Dust Bowl is a 2012 American television documentary miniseries directed by Ken Burns which aired on PBS on November 18 and 19, 2012. The two-part miniseries recounts the impact of the Dust Bowl on the United States during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
The series features the voices of Patricia Clarkson, Peter Coyote, and Carolyn McCormick.

## Episodes

* Episode One: The Great Plow-Up
* Episode Two: Reaping the Whirlwind

## Bonus Episodes

* A Land of Haze
* Grab a Root and Growl
* Interviews
* The Dust Bowl Eyewitnesses
* The Dust Bowl Legacy
* Uncovering the Dust Bowl

## Other uses

Interviews from the documentary were used in the 2014 film Interstellar, that deals with massive dust storms in a near future.

## Critical reception

The Dust Bowl has received generally positive reviews from television critics and parents of young children. Robert Lloyd of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "Timely...exceptional." Historians on the other hand raised concerns about some of the evidence and research ignored by the film makers.
# List of azalea diseases

This article is a list of diseases of azalea (Rhododendron spp.).

## Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases :
| Anthracnose | Glomerella cingulata Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] |
| Armillaria root rot (shoestring root rot) | Armillaria mellea Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph] |
| Botrytis petal blight | Botrytis cinerea Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] |
| Bud and twig blight | Pycnostysanus azaleae = Briosia azaleae |
| Cercospora leaf spot | Pseudocercospora handelii = Cercospora handelii |
| Clitocybe root rot (mushroom root rot) | Armillaria tabescens = Clitocybe tabescens |
| Cylindrocladium blight and root rot | Cylindrocladium scoparium = Cylindrocladium floridanum Calonectria kyotensis [teleomorph] Cylindrocladium theae Calonectria theae [teleomorph] |
| Damping-off, Pythium | Pythium spp. Pythium irregulare |
| Damping-off, Rhizoctonia | Rhizoctonia solani Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] |
| Exobasidium leaf spot | Exobasidium burtii |
| Leaf scorch | Septoria azaleae |
| Leaf and flower gall | Exobasidium vaccinii = Exobasidium azaleae |
| Ovulinia petal blight | Ovulinia azaleae Ovulitis azaleae [anamorph] |
| Pestalotia leaf spot twig blight, and crown rot | Pestalotiopsis sydowiana = Pestalotia rhododendri |
| Phomopsis dieback | Phomopsis spp. |
| Phyllosticta leaf spot | Phyllosticta spp. |
| Phytophthora blight and dieback | Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica = Phytophthora parasitica |
| Phytophthora root rot and wilt | Phytophthora cinnamomi Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica |
| Powdery mildew | Erysiphe polygoni Microsphaera penicillata |
| Pucciniastrum leaf rust | Pucciniastrum vaccinii |
| Twig blight | Monilinia azaleae |
| Web blight | Rhizoctonia ramicola Ceratobasidium ramicola [teleomorph] Rhizoctonia sp. (binucleate) |

## Nematodes, parasitic

Nematodes, parasitic :
| Dagger, American | Xiphinema americanum |
| Pin | Paratylenchus curvitatus |
| Root-knot | Meloidogyne spp. |
| Sheath | Hemicycliophora spp. |
| Spiral | Rotylenchus buxophilus R. robustus |
| Stubby-root | Paratrichodorus minor |
| Stunt | Tylenchorhynchus claytoni |
# New River Station

New River Station was a later station added into the Colorado Desert route of the Butterfield Overland Mail it was located 15 miles southeast of Indian Wells Station and 14 miles west of Alamo Mocho Station beside the New River. It was in operation until March 1861 when the Butterfield route was abandoned for the Central Route by the beginning of the American Civil War.
However the locality remained in use as a watering place for travelers on the Southern Emigrant Trail and was a post for Union Army units moving back and forth between California and Arizona Territory. In the journal of an 1861 march of California Volunteers to Fort Yuma, Lieut. Col. Joseph R. West described the old station:
   October 30.- ... At New River, old mail station, deserted. Deep well of inferior water; a lagoon within 400 yards now affords a supply, but would fail after a long spell of dry weather; it cannot be relied upon. This station is a precarious one for water.
The New River Station was in use again by stagecoach lines from 1867 until 1877 when the Southern Pacific Railroad reached Fort Yuma. It was then abandoned.
Its location was probably in what is now Colonia Hidalgo, Mexicali beside the New River. Its location remains imprecise because the great flood of the Colorado River in 1905 dramatically transformed the landscape along the New River washing away this station site as well as that at Indian Wells.
# Gay House (Montgomery, Alabama)

The Gay House was a historic Queen Anne style house in Montgomery, Alabama. The two-story frame building was built by the Hugger Brothers Construction Company in 1900 for Charles Linn Gay. Gay, born on November 8, 1862, was a Montgomery businessman. He died on July 4, 1928. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1975. It was mostly destroyed by fire in October 2007 and the remnants were sold for architectural salvage in July 2011.
# Adrien Viguier

Adrien Viguier, (born Joseph Étienne Adrien Viguier; 20 January 1805 – 10 December 1884,) pen name Adrien Delaville, was a 19th-century French writer, playwright, and literary critic.

## Works

* 1825: Le Sacre de Charlemagne, Ladvocat
* 1838: Chérubin, ou le Page de Napoléon, comédie-vaudeville in 2 acts, by MM. Edmond de Biéville, Adrien Viguier, and Adrien Payn... Paris, Ambigu-comique, 10 October 1835, Marchant
* 1827: Traité de la traduction, ou L'art de traduire le latin en français, 23 p., Édition : Paris : Brunot-Labbe, Text online
* 1842: Roger, pseudonym Adrien Delaville
* 1844: Régine, Au Comptoir des imprimeurs-unis
* 1844: Le Dernier des touristes, humour, by Adrien Delaville, H. Souverain
* 1845: Les Deux César, comédie-vaudeville en un acte, by M. Arvers... [Paris, Gymnase-Dramatique, 17 February 1845.]; In-4° à 2 col., 19 p.Description : Note : Rédigé avec la collaboration d'Adrien Viguier, after Vapereau. - Répertoire dramatique des auteurs contemporains, 286; Édition : Paris : l'Éditeur du Répertoire dramatique et Tresse, 1845; Auteur du texte : Félix Arvers (1806-1850)
* 1844: Épopée, In-12, 172 p., Note : Ce titre figure dans la liste des œuvres d'A. Viguier en tête de son roman : "Roger", avec la mention : "roman de la Révolution de juillet"; Édition : Paris : au Comptoir des éditeurs réunis
* 1849: Love. Débuts. 2e édition, Comon
* 1851: Aperçus littéraires, by Adrien Delaville, Comptoir des imprimeurs-unis
* 1863: Armelle, ou La pauvre villageoise, pseudonym Adrien Delaville
* 1870: La légende de Jeanne d'Arc, In-18, XXVIII-211 p., Description : Note : Reçu à correction au Théâtre-français; Édition : Paris : E. Dentu
* 1876: Napoleo epicus,2 vol. in-18; Description : Note : Par A. Viguier, d'après sa dédicace ms. sur le deuxième ex. - La préface est datée de 1874; Édition : Paris : Vanier
# Dave Zuidmulder

David C. Zuidmulder (February 4, 1906 – June 8, 1978) was an American football player.

## Biography

David Zuidmulder was born on February 4, 1906, in New Franken, Wisconsin. After playing football and baseball, he was appointed head of the Green Bay fire department in 1955 after having served on the force since 1934. He died on June 8, 1978.

## Athletics career

Zuidmulder was a star football player for East Green Bay High School. He played at the collegiate level at Georgetown University and St. Ambrose University. After this he became a tailback in the National Football League for the Green Bay Packers from 1929 to 1931. Zuidmulder was also a semi-professional baseball player for the Green Bay Green Sox, and he was an athletics coach at Central Catholic High School in Green Bay from 1944 to 1945.
# Paroxysmal hemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal hemoglobinuria can refer to:
* Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
* Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
# Kurt Heegner

Kurt Heegner (German:; 16 December 1893 – 2 February 1965) was a German private scholar from Berlin, who specialized in radio engineering and mathematics. He is famous for his mathematical discoveries in number theory and, in particular, the Stark–Heegner theorem.

## Life and career

Heegner was born and died in Berlin. In 1952, he published the Stark–Heegner theorem which he claimed was the solution to a classic number theory problem proposed by the great mathematician Gauss, the class number 1 problem. Heegner's work was not accepted for years, mainly due to his quoting of a portion of Heinrich Martin Weber's work that was known to be incorrect (though he never used this result in the proof).
Heegner's proof was accepted as essentially correct after a 1967 announcement by Bryan Birch, and definitively resolved by a paper by Harold Stark that had been delayed in publication until 1969 (Stark had independently arrived at a similar proof, but disagrees with the common notion that his proof is "more or less the same" as Heegner's). Stark attributed Heegner's mistakes to the fact he used a textbook by Weber that contained some results with incomplete proofs.
The book The Legacy of Leonhard Euler: A Tricentennial Tribute by Lokenath Debnath claims on page 64, that Heegner was a "retired Swiss mathematician", but he appears to have been neither Swiss nor retired at the time of his 1952 paper.
# Franc Frakelj

Franc Frakelj (a.k.a. Peter Skalar) (19 January 1917–?)$^{:427}$ was a member of the collaborationist Slovene Home Guard (after the Italian fascist capitulation in 1943) and a member of a secret murderous militia called Črna roka (Black Hand) who is accused of killing over 60 people during the Second World War. He and his group used wooden sticks to massacre local people in the winter of 1943–44 in Kosler's Thicket in the marshes south of Ljubljana.
Frakelj was born in Dražgoše (a part of Železniki), a village in northwestern Slovenia, which was destroyed in 1942 by the German Army. Before the Battle of Turjak Castle (September 19, 1943) Frakelj was the commander of a stronghold of village guards in Tomišelj south of Ljubljana.
He died in Canada living under the name Peter Markis.$^{:430}$
# Gardenburger

Gardenburger is the brand name of a veggie burger sold in the United States. It was developed in the early 1980s by Paul Wenner, the owner of the Gardenhouse, a vegetarian restaurant in Gresham, Oregon. It is currently owned by Kellanova.

## History

The Gardenburger was developed by Paul Wenner around 1981 or 1982 in Wenner's vegetarian restaurant, The Gardenhouse, in Gresham, Oregon. The company was incorporated as Wholesome & Hearty Foods, Inc., in March 1985. Initial funding was given to founders Paul Wenner and Allyn Smaaland as part of a venture capital investment program of Louisiana-Pacific Corp., whereby L-P took immediate controlling interest. A second round of venture capital financing was provided about a year later.
In 2005, Gardenburger filed for bankruptcy, though it continued operation by becoming privately held.
In 2006, Gardenburger announced that it had taken eggs out of all of its products except for one private-sourced item, which now contains organic, cage-free eggs.
In 2006, the company changed its name back to Wholesome & Hearty Foods.
In 2007, the Kellogg Company purchased the Wholesome & Hearty Foods company.

## Products

The company makes a variety of vegetarian and vegan products and meat substitutes. According to the company's website, the original Gardenburger was made from mushrooms, onions, brown rice, rolled oats, cheese, eggs, garlic, and spices. Gardenburger is a registered trademark of the Wholesome and Hearty Foods Company, a subsidiary of Kellogg Company.
Although all Gardenburger products are vegetarian, some of them are not vegan and include animal-derived ingredients such as eggs or dairy products, such as milk and cheese.
In 2012, Gardenburger sold five types of veggie burgers: Veggie medley (vegan), The Original (vegetarian), Black Bean Chipotle Veggie Burger (vegan), Sun-Dried Tomato Basil (vegetarian), and Portabella (vegetarian).
# Dakers Island

Dakers Island (64°46′S 64°23′W﻿ / ﻿64.767°S 64.383°W﻿ / -64.767; -64.383) is an island between Hartshorne Island and McGuire Island in the eastern Joubin Islands. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Hugh B. Dakers, a cook in RV Hero on her first Antarctic voyage to Palmer Station in 1968.
# Lauxanioidea

The Lauxanioidea are a superfamily of flies that includes the two large families, the Lauxaniidae and Chamaemyiidae, and the small family Celyphidae. Generally, they are small to medium, densely populated, coloured flies. The Chamaemyiidae live as parasites on insects. The family Celyphidae look like beetles.
Some authors also recognize the family Cremifaniidae, but most place this in the Chamaemyiidae.

## Description

The superfamily has three synapomorphies (features present in all members due to a common ancestor): convergent postocellar bristles, an abbreviated anal vein in the wing, and fusion of male abdominal tergites 7 and 8.
Within the superfamily, Celyphidae can be distinguished from other families by their scutellum, which is shiny, enlarged and covers most of the abdomen, similar to a beetle's elytra. Lauxaniidae are yellowish-brown or black, usually have iridescent reddish/purplish or greenish eyes, and the wings are sometimes patterned. Chamaemyiidae are usually silvery gray with black spots, sometimes shiny and black.

## Ecology

Larvae of most Lauxaniidae and Celyphidae feed on decaying vegetation. Some species of Lauxaniidae only occur in bird nests. Adult lauxaniids may visit flowers. Larvae of all known Chamaemyiidae have a rather different lifestyle, being predators of aphids and scale insects.

## Phylogeny

A 2017 phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial genomes confirmed the monophyly of Lauxaniidae and of Celyphidae, and that these two families are sister groups.
# Pancreatic duct

The pancreatic duct or duct of Wirsung (also, the major pancreatic duct due to the existence of an accessory pancreatic duct) is a duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct. This supplies it with pancreatic juice from the exocrine pancreas, which aids in digestion.

## Structure

The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. There are many anatomical variants reported, but these are quite rare.

### Accessory pancreatic duct

Most people have just one pancreatic duct. However, some have an additional accessory pancreatic duct, also called the Duct of Santorini. An accessory pancreatic duct can be functional or non-functional. It may open separately into the second part of the duodenum, which is dorsal, and usually (in 70% of people) drains into the duodenum via the minor duodenal papilla. In the other 30% of people, it drains into the main pancreatic duct, which drains into the duodenum via the major duodenal papilla. The main pancreatic duct and the accessory duct both eventually—either directly or indirectly—connect to the second part ('D2', the vertical segment) of the duodenum.
It is named for Giovanni Domenico Santorini.
* Formation of an accessory pancreatic duct

## Clinical significance

Compression, obstruction or inflammation of the pancreatic duct may lead to acute pancreatitis. The most common cause for obstruction is the presence of gallstones in the common bile duct, a condition called choledocholithiasis. Obstruction can also be due to duodenal inflammation in Crohn's disease. A gallstone may get lodged in the constricted distal end of the ampulla of Vater, where it blocks the flow of both bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum. Bile backing up into the pancreatic duct may initiate pancreatitis. The pancreatic duct is generally regarded as abnormally enlarged if being over 3 mm in the head and 2 mm in the body or tail on CT scan. Pancreatic duct or parts of pancreatic duct can be demonstrated on ultrasound in 75 to 85% of people.
Pancreatic ductal carcinoma is a common form of pancreatic cancer.

## History

The pancreatic duct is also called the duct of Wirsung. This is named after its discoverer, the German anatomist Johann Georg Wirsung (1589–1643).

## Additional images

* ERCP image showing the pancreatic duct and biliary tree.
* Accessory digestive system.
* Interior of the descending portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla.
* Pancreas of a human embryo of five weeks.
* Pancreas of a human embryo at end of sixth week.
* Pancreatic duct Deep dissection.Anterior view.
* Ultrasonography of a dilated pancreatic duct (in this case 9mm) due to pancreatic cancer.
# Henry Nehemiah Nickerson

Henry Nehemiah Nickerson (December 2, 1888 – May 2, 1979) was a Boatswain's Mate Second Class in the United States Navy and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the United States occupation of Veracruz.
He died May 2, 1979, and is buried in Greenwood Cemetery, Wheeling, West Virginia. His grave can be found in section G, lot 179.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate Second Class, U.S. Navy U.S.S. Utah. Place and date: Vera Cruz, Mexico, 21 April 1914. Entered service at: West Virginia. Birth: Edgewood, W. Va.
Citation:
   On board the U.S.S. Utah, Nickerson showed extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession during the seizure of Vera Cruz, Mexico, 21 April 1914.
The commendatory letter, dated June 13, 1914 reads:
   * The following extract from a report of the naval operations at Vera Cruz made by Rear Admiral F.F. Fletcher is quoted for your information: "H.N. Nickerson, boatswain's mate 2d class. (UTAH). He was slightly wounded three times during the afternoon of April 21st, and after first aid bandages had been applied, he took charge of a squad that built an advanced barricade under fire. He then occupied a dangerous position at the corner of Zaragoza and San Miguel Streets. Here he was again wounded three times, two shots shattering his left leg above and below the knee. He was then carried to the rear and has since had his leg amputated close to the hip. His grit after having been wounded three times, and the courage he displayed when his later wounds made it necessary to carry him to the rear, was an inspiration all who saw him."
   * The Department concurs with the opinion of Rear Admiral Fletcher and highly commends your conspicuous courage, coolness and skill, which were in accord with and added to the best traditions of the naval service.
   * The Department is pleased to inform you that in addition to being advanced in rating a Medal of Honor and a gratuity of One Hundred Dollars has been awarded to you.
# Chevron STB process

The Chevron STB process (also known as Staged Turbulent Bed Retorting Process) is an above-ground shale oil extraction technology. It is classified as a hot recycled solids technology.
The Chevron STB process is a hot recycled solids technology, which processes small particles of oil shale. It was invented by Paul W. Tamm and Gordon E. Langlois in the Chevron Research Company laboratory in Richmond, California. As a heat carrier, it uses oil shale ash, produced by combustion of spent oil shale in the separate combustor.
In this process, crushed oil shale is fed into the top of the retort where it is mixed with the hot oil shale ash. The oil shale moves downward through the retort as fluidized bed of particles. While descending, the heat is transferred from the oil shale ash to the raw oil shale causing pyrolysis. As a result, oil shale decomposes to shale oil vapors, oil shale gas and spent oil shale. A stripping gas is inserted from the bottom of retort, which carries oil vapors into solids separation section. The fine particles are directed to the combustor while oil vapors are moved to the condenser. In condenser, shale oil is separated from water vapor and product gases. On the bottom of retort the spent shale is transported to the combustor.