OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Philetus (biblical figure)

Philetus (Greek: Φιλητός; fl. 50–65) was an early Christian mentioned by Paul, who warns Timothy against him as well as against his associate in error, Hymenaeus.

## False teaching

The apostle speaks of Hymenaeus and Philetus as instances of men who were doing most serious injury to the church by their teaching, and by what that teaching resulted in, both in faith and morals. The specific error of these men was that they denied that there would be any bodily resurrection. They treated all Scriptural references to such a state as figurative or metaphorical. They spiritualized it absolutely, and held that the resurrection was a thing of the past. No resurrection was possible, so they taught, except from ignorance to knowledge, from sin to righteousness. There would be no day when the dead would hear the voice of Christ and come forth out of the grave. The Christian, knowing that Christ was raised from the dead, looked forward to the day when his body should be raised in the likeness of Christ's resurrection. But this faith was utterly denied by the teaching of Hymeneus and Philetus.
This teaching of theirs, Paul tells us, had overthrown the faith of some. It would also overthrow Christian faith altogether, for if the dead are not raised, neither is Christ risen from the dead, and "ye are yet in your sins"
The denial of the resurrection of the body, whether of mankind generally or of Christ, is the overthrow of the faith. It leaves nothing to cling to, no living Christ, who saves and leads and comforts His people. The apostle proceeds to say that teaching of this kind "eats as doth a gangrene," and that it increases unto more ungodliness. As a canker or gangrene eats away the flesh, so does such teaching eat away Christian faith. Paul is careful to say, more than once, that the teaching which denies that there will be a resurrection of the dead leads inevitably to "ungodliness" and to "iniquity."
Hymenaeus and Philetus may have believed in a nascent form of the Christian heresy of Gnosticism.
# Fort Bennett

Fort Bennett was originally called the Post at Cheyenne River Agency and was established during the Indian wars in the Department of Dakota by the U.S. Army to control the Sioux.

## History

Cheyenne River Agency was established in 1869, following conclusion of the Fort Laramie Treaty, as agency for the Two Kettle, Sans Arc and Miniconjou Sioux. On May 17, 1870, Companies B and C of the 17th U.S. Infantry, under command of Captain Edward P. Pearson, officially established the "Post at Cheyenne River Agency." It was built next to the agency 7 miles above Fort Sully to afford military protection.
Some of the Cheyenne River Indians fought in the Great Sioux War of 1876-77 and, after the surrender, were returned to the agency.
On December 30, 1878, the name was changed by General Orders No. 9, Division of the Missouri, to Fort Bennett in honor of Capt. Andrew S. Bennett of the 5th Infantry who was killed September 4, 1878, near Clark's Fork, Montana Territory, in a battle with the Bannock Indians.
Fort Bennett was also a focal point of trouble during the Ghost Dance uprising of 1890.
In 1891, the Great Sioux Reservation having been reduced and divided, after the ratification, of the treaty of 1889, the fort was abandoned and the Cheyenne River Agency was moved fifty-six miles up the Missouri River, opposite Forest City, Potter County, South Dakota, where administered the affairs of these Indians. As a result of the construction of Oahe Dam, the agency was later moved to Eagle Butte, South Dakota.

## Description

Fort Bennett was located on the Missouri river, 7 miles above Fort Sully, Dakota, 302 miles from Sioux City, Iowa, by wagon road, and about 500 miles by river. Yankton, Dakota, 237 miles distant by land and 315 by river. Nearest postoffice and telegraph at Fort Sully.
The military buildings consist of quarters for two companies, with necessary outbuildings, officers' quarters, hospital, guard house, block houses, two; storehouses, three, capacity inadequate; bake house, stable, workshops, laundress' quarters, etc. All the buildings are constructed of cottonwood logs, with the exception of a frame storehouse.
Quartermaster's and subsistence stores furnished from the depots at Sioux City, Iowa; Yankton, Dakota; Chicago, Ill., and Jeffersonville, Ind., by rail to Sioux City, thence by Missouri river. Hay contracted for in the vicinity. Wood supplied by contract. Water supplied from the Missouri river by means of wagons. Twelve months' subsistence kept on hand.
The Indians at this agency were the Minneconjou, Sans Arc and Two Kettle tribes of Sioux. About 1,500 were at the agency and its vicinity, and not more than this number are considered permanent residents. The number present has varied from 1,500 to 7,000, the latter number being at the agency during part of 1869 and 1870. The majority of the Indians belonging here are constantly coming and going and associate with roving hostile bands. The disposition of the Indians at the agency who receive rations all the year round, or nearly so, is good, with the exception of the young men, who are not reliable.
# Cartoons on the Bay

Cartoons on the Bay is an international festival held in Italy dedicated to television-, film- and transmedia- animation. The Pulcinella Awards are presented at the festival for excellence in animation production. Its purpose is to promote the activity of authors and producers from all over the world, offering an opportunity to meet with buyers, distributors and television managers. It is organised by the public service broadcaster RAI. The festival has been staged in Amalfi, Salerno, Rapallo, Santa Margherita Ligure, Portofino, Positano, Venice and Turin.
# Florence Paterson

Florence Paterson (November 3, 1927 – July 23, 1995) was a Canadian actress.

## Early life

The daughter of machinist and politician George Nightingale and Violet Noseworthy, she was born in St. John's, Newfoundland and was educated there.

## Career

Paterson taught school for a time and then trained in nursing. She married John Paterson. She joined the St. John's Players in 1954, won awards at several drama festivals in the province and performed on CBC radio. She moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1972, where she performed with the Neptune Theatre Company.
She played the role of Mary Mercer in David French's theatrical play Of the Fields, Lately in 1973, and later reprised the role in Mike Newell's 1976 television adaptation.
In 1989, she moved to Vancouver, British Columbia. She appeared in the 1990 movie Bird on a Wire, the 1990 television adaptation of Stephen King's "It" as Ms. Kersh, and the 1994 movie Little Women as Hannah. She also appeared in the CBC television series Backstretch.

## Personal life

Paterson died in Vancouver at the age of 67.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1985 | Def-Con 4 | Mrs. Boyd |
| 1990 | Bird on a Wire | Molly Baird |
| 1994 | Little Women | Hannah |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1977, 1982 | For the Record | Betty | 2 episodes |
| 1983 | The Undaunted | Elizabeth I | Episode: "Sir Humphrey Gilbert" |
| 1987 | Seeing Things | Gwen | Episode: "Another Point of View" |
| 1989 | Unsub | Mrs. Karchocov | Episode: "Silent Stalker" |
| 1989 | Lantern Hill | Justina Titus | Television film |
| 1989 | The Lady Forgets | Rebecca's Mom | Television film |
| 1990 | Wiseguy | Adele Tilshaw | Episode: "Meet Mike McPike" |
| 1990 | Getting Married in Buffalo Jump | Irene McCallum | Television film |
| 1990 | It | Mrs. Kersh | Episode: "Part 2" |
| 1991 | Captive | Television film | Television film |
| 1992 | To Grandmother's House We Go | Great Grandma Mimi | Television film |
| 1992 | The Man Upstairs | Mrs. Porter | Television film |
| 1994 | Seasons of the Heart | Sarah, housekeeper | Television film |
# The Ties That Bind (Jeeves and Wooster)

"The Ties That Bind" is the sixth episode of the fourth series of the 1990s British comedy television series Jeeves and Wooster. It is also called "The Ex's Are Nearly Married Off". It first aired in the UK on 20 June 1993 (1993-18-20) on ITV.
In the US, it was aired as the fourth episode of the third series of Jeeves and Wooster on Masterpiece Theatre, on 31 October 1993.

## Background

Adapted from Much Obliged, Jeeves.

## Cast

* Bertie Wooster – Hugh Laurie
* Jeeves – Stephen Fry
* Aunt Agatha – Elizabeth Spriggs
* Roderick Spode – John Turner
* Sir Watkyn – John Woodnutt
* Tuppy Glossop – Robert Daws
* Madeline Bassett – Elizabeth Morton
* Florence Craye – Francesca Folan
* Ginger Winship – Julian Gartside
* Brinkley – Fred Evans
* Mrs McCorkadale – Selina Cadell
* Constable Oates – Sidney Livingstone
* Magnolia – Fiona Christie
* Butterfield – Preston Lockwood

## Plot

Bertie's friend Ginger Winship is engaged to Florence Craye, who is making Ginger stand for Parliament. Ex-valet Brinkley hopes to sell confidential information about Ginger to his opponent in the election. Meanwhile, Tuppy Glossop hopes to make a fortune running "Plumbo Jumbo", a plumbing machine that unblocks pipes.
# Bloody Waters

Blood Waters may refer to:
* Bloody Waters, a 1996 novel by Carolina Garcia-Aguilera
* "Bloody Waters", a 2018 song by Ab-Soul, Anderson Paak, and James Blake from the Black Panther soundtrack
* "Bloody Water", a 2021 song by H.E.R. and Thundercat from the album Back of My Mind
# Kwang-hyun

Kwang-hyun, also spelled Gwang-hyun, is a Korean masculine given name. Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name. There are 13 hanja with the reading "kwang" and 35 hanja with the reading "hyun" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names.
People with this name include:
* Dae Gwang-hyeon (fl. 10th century), Balhae prince
* Baek Gwang-hyeon [ko] (1625–1697), Joseon Dynasty veterinarian portrayed in the 2012 South Korean television series The King's Doctor
* Park Kwang-hyun (footballer) (born 1967), South Korean football defender
* Park Kwang-hyun (film director) (born 1969), South Korean film director
* Park Gwang-hyun (born 1977), South Korean actor
* Lee Kwang-hyun (born 1981), South Korean football defender
* Na Kwang-hyun (born 1982), South Korean football midfielder
* Choi Gwang-hyeon (born 1986), South Korean judoka
* Nam Gwang-hyun (born 1987), South Korean football midfielder
* Kim Kwang-hyun (born 1988), South Korean baseball pitcher
# These Are the Days (Van Morrison song)

"These Are the Days" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and released on his 1989 album Avalon Sunset. It was released as the B-side of the single with "Orangefield" as the A-side.

## Composition

The opening verse of the song is a recurring factor in Morrison's music and lyrics, the belief that the predominant sense of enjoyment and appreciation of life is to be found in the present moment:
   These are the days of the endless summer These are the days, the time is now There is no past, there's only future There's only here, there's only now
Biographer John Collis writes that this final song pulls together all the concerns of the album:
   In one moment ('there is no past ... there's only now') Morrison combines earthly love with that inspired by a sun-warmed landscape, the yearning for simplicity with the love of 'the (one) Magician who turned water into wine.

## Other releases

"These Are the Days" replaces "Caravan" as an iTunes bonus track, on Morrison's 2007 compilation album Van Morrison at the Movies – Soundtrack Hits.

## In the media

"These Are the Days" was featured in the 1995 movie, Nine Months, starring Hugh Grant and Julianne Moore.

## Personnel

* Van Morrison – vocals, guitar
* Arty McGlynn – guitar
* Neil Drinkwater – accordion, piano
* Clive Culbertson – bass guitar
* Roy Jones, Dave Early – drums, percussion
* Katie Kissoon, Carol Kenyon – backing vocals
# Arraglen Ogham Stone

The Arraglen Ogham Stone is an ogham stone (CIIC 145) and a National Monument located in County Kerry, Ireland.

## Location

Arraglen ogham stone is located in a saddle between Mount Brandon and Masatiompan.

## History

This stone was erected as a grave marker, with inscription in Primitive Irish, some time in c. AD 550–600.

## Description

The stone is sandstone, 191 × 38 × 20 cm. The inscription reads QRIMITIR RO/Ṇ[A]/ṆN MAQ̣ COMOGANN ("of the priest [cruimther] Rónán son of Comgán"). It contains a circled cross.
# St Gregory the Great's Church, Small Heath

St Gregory the Great's Church, Small Heath is a Grade II listed former Church of England parish church in Birmingham now used by the Bethel United Church of Jesus Christ Apostolic.

## History

The church originated as an iron mission church known as the Good Shepherd from All Saints' Church, Small Heath (I) in 1900. The foundation stone was laid on 22 April 1902 by Lord Leigh, Provincial Grand Master and built to the designs of the architect J.L. Ball by the contractor John Barnsley and Son. The apse and three bays of the nave were constructed in 1911 - 1912 and the church was dedicated to St Gregory the Great in 1912, and consecrated on 13 May 1916 by the Bishop of Birmingham.
A parish was assigned out of All Saints' Church, Small Heath (I) and St Oswald's Church, Small Heath in 1924. The construction of the west end of the church was completed in 1926 - 1928, under the supervision of Holland W. Hobbiss.
After being declared redundant by the Church of England the building is now used by the Bethel United Church of Jesus Christ Apostolic.

## Organ

The church contained an organ by William Hill dating from 1846. It was moved here from St Peter's Church, Handsworth around 1976. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register. When the church was closed by the Church of England the organ was removed and was destined for St Mary the Virgin's Church, Little Houghton, Northamptonshire.
# Strange Girl

Strange Girl or variants may refer to:
* Strange Girl (film), 1962 Yugoslav drama film
* Strange Girl (comics), comic series published by Image Comics
* Strange Girls (album), album by Gore Gore Girls (2000). The second album Up All Night, was released in 2002 and received
* Strange Girls (band), toured clubs in Great Britain in 1991
# Split and merge segmentation

Split and merge segmentation is an image processing technique used to segment an image. The image is successively split into quadrants based on a homogeneity criterion and similar regions are merged to create the segmented result. The technique incorporates a quadtree data structure, meaning that there is a parent-child node relationship. The total region is a parent, and each of the four splits is a child.

## Algorithm

* Define the criterion to be used for homogeneity
* Split the image into equal size regions
* Calculate homogeneity for each region
* If the region is homogeneous, then merge it with neighbors
* The process is repeated until all regions pass the homogeneity test

## Homogeneity

After each split, a test is necessary to determine whether each new region needs further splitting. The criterion for the test is the homogeneity of the region. There are several ways to define homogeneity, some examples are:
* Uniformity- the region is homogeneous if its gray scale levels are constant or within a given threshold.
* Local mean vs global mean - if the mean of a region is greater than the mean of the global image, then the region is homogeneous
* Variance - the gray level variance is defined as
$\sigma ^{2}=(1/(N-1))\sum _{(r,c)\epsilon R}[I(r,c)-{\bar {I}}]^{2}$
where r and c are row and column, N is the number of pixels in the region and ${\bar {I}}=(1/N)\sum _{(r,c)\epsilon Region}I(r,c)$
An example incorporation would be that the variance of a region be less than a specified value in order to be considered homogeneous.

## Data structure

The splitting results in a partitioned image as shown below to 3 levels.
Each level of partitioning can be represented in a tree-like structure.

## Example

The following example shows the segmentation of a gray scale image using matlab. The homogeneity criterion is thresholding, max(region)-min(region) < 10 for a region to be homogeneous.
The blocks created during splitting are shown in the following picture:
And the segmented image is below.
# The Spirit of West Point

The Spirit of West Point is a 1947 American drama film directed by Ralph Murphy and written by Tom Reed. The film stars Doc Blanchard, Glenn Davis, Robert Shayne, Anne Nagel, Alan Hale Jr., George O'Hanlon, Michael Browne and Tanis Chandler. The film was released on October 4, 1947, by Film Classics.

## Plot

The story of Doc Blancard and Glenn Davis, who were both at West Point at the same time and both won the Heisman Trophy.

## Cast

* Doc Blanchard as himself
* Glenn Davis as himself
* Robert Shayne as Col. Earl 'Red' Blaik
* Anne Nagel as Mrs. Blaik
* Alan Hale Jr. as Oklahoma Cutter
* George O'Hanlon as Joe Wilson
* Michael Browne as Roger 'Mileaway' McCarty
* Tanis Chandler as Mildred
* Mary Newton as Mrs. Mary Blanchard
* William Forrest as Dr. Felix Blanchard
* Lee Bennett as Cadet Cabot
* Mickey McCardle as Quarterback
* John Gallaudet as Bert Ferriss
* Rudy Wissler as Young Doc Blanchard
* Tom Harmon as Radio Sportscaster
* Bill Stern as Radio Sportscaster
* Harry Wismer as Radio Sportscaster
* Margaret Wells as Mrs. Davis
* Franklin Parker as Ralph Davis Sr.
# Kindlers literature encyclopedia

The Kindlers Literature encyclopedia (in German: Kindlers Literatur Lexikon) is an encyclopedia released in Germany covering information about world literature.
The first edition was published from 1965 to 1972 by Helmut Kindler [de] in 7 volumes and was partially a translation of the Italian encyclopedia "Dizionario Letterario Bompiani". Additionally Kindler hired a crew to write articles on their own. As the first edition started as a translation from Italian, it was primarily focused on romanesque literature. The second edition was published from 1988 to 1992 by Walter Jens and consists of 20 volumes (+ a smaller register volume). Unlike in the first edition, there were also articles on anonymous works and the last volume consisted essays on national literatures. Additionally, the translated articles from the first edition were rewritten. A CD-ROM version of that edition was released in 1999.
In 2009, the third edition was published by Heinz Ludwig Arnold in 17 (+1 register) volumes. Around the half of the articles were completely rewritten and some were completely removed. On the other side, the coverage of pop culture, such as song lyrics and comics was added. Another difference was the re-organization of the articles on national literature. For example, the essay on Ukrainian Literature was split from the one about Russian Literature. An Online version went live at the same time, which has been updated with named contributors since then.
In 2009 the German newspaper Die Welt called the entries of the Kindlers superior to Wikipedia articles.
# Hyperpallium

The hyperpallium (formerly called the hyperstriatum or the wulst) is the destination for lemnothalamic projections in birds. The projections as well as the granular cells at the destination of the lemnothalamic projections to the hyperpallium are similar in morphology, electrophysiology, retinotopic organization, and columnar organization to the striate cortex in mammals. These avian granular cells are thought to have evolved independently in birds, as they do not appear in reptiles.
The projections originate in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and target three layers in the hyperpallium: the hyperpallium intercalatum, the hyperpallium densocellularis, and the nucleus interstitialis hyperpalii apicalis, with the densest projections being to the later two layers.
The efferents of the telencephalic components of the lemnothalamic pathway project to the optic tectum (equivalent to the superior colliculus), the lemnothalamic visual nucleus, as well as other optic tract targets.
The hyperpallium is observed to be large and well developed in raptors such as eagles, hawks, and owls.
# Sidney R. J. Smith

Sidney R. J. Smith (1858–1913) was a Late Victorian English architect, best known for the work he undertook in the 1880s and 1890s for the philanthropist Henry Tate including the original Tate Gallery at Millbank.

## Works

* Outdoor Relief Station, Norwood (1887)
* Tate Free Library, South Lambeth Road (1887)
* Durning Library, Kennington (1889)
* Tate Free Library, Streatham (1890)
* Tate Free Library, Brixton Oval (1892)
* Cripplegate Institute, 1 Golden Lane (1896)
* National Gallery of British Art (Tate Gallery) (1897)
* 16–19 Dunraven Street, Mayfair (1897)
* St Thomas, Telford Park, Streatham Hill (with Spencer William Grant)
* Tate Mausoleum, West Norwood Cemetery (c.1890)
* Euston Underground station, City and South London Railway (1907) (demolished)
# Grecia (canton)

Grecia is a canton in the Alajuela province of Costa Rica.

## Toponymy

It is named after the country of Greece.

## History

Grecia was created on 27 July 1867 by decree 20.

## Geography

Grecia has an area of 141.52 km² and a mean elevation of 1,025 metres.
The canton lies among ridges and valleys on the southwestern slope of Poas Volcano. One area was completely separated from the remainder of the canton by the Cordillera Central (Central Mountain Range). Known as Río Cuarto, this area lies on the Caribbean Plain, it was a district of Grecia, but became a canton in 2018.
The Poás River and the Prendes River establish a large portion of the eastern border of the elongated canton, with the Sarchí River serving the same purpose on its western edge. The Grande River is the southern border.

## Districts

The canton of Grecia is subdivided into the following districts:
* Grecia
* San Isidro
* San José
* San Roque
* Tacares
* Puente de Piedra
* Bolívar

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, Grecia had a population of 76,898 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The canton is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 1
* National Route 107
* National Route 118
* National Route 120
* National Route 154
* National Route 711
* National Route 716
* National Route 717
* National Route 722
# St John the Evangelist's Catholic Church, Nottingham

St John the Evangelist's Church was the first purpose-built Roman Catholic Church to be built in Nottingham since the English Reformation. Now offices, it is a Grade II listed building.

## History

A Roman Catholic congregation had been meeting in Nottingham in a chapel since 1790. The congregation increased to around 150 when a new priest, Father Robert William Willson arrived. He developed plans for a new chapel, and this was designed by the architect Edward James Willson (brother of the priest) and constructed on George Street. The building was 84 ft long, 41 ft wide and 31 ft high and built of red brick, with ashlar front and slate roof, in the Venetian Gothic style.
Adjacent to the church is the Presbytery also by Edward James Willson of 1827, and also Grade II listed.
It was replaced by Nottingham Cathedral in 1850.

## Organ

The pipe organ was obtained from George Parsons of London.
# Streptomyces tricolor

Streptomyces tricolor is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces.
# Polygona tumens

Polygona tumens is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.