OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tangelene Bolton

Tangelene Bolton (b.1991–) is an American film, TV, and video game composer and music producer.

## Early life

The daughter of an Irish, English, and Scottish father and a Filipino mother, Bolton was born in Upland, California, but grew up in Flemington, New Jersey. She started piano lessons at two years old, and as she got older, her passion turned to filmmaking. Bolton attended the Berklee College of Music (2013) where she received her Bachelor of Music in Film Scoring. After graduation, she moved to Los Angeles and started interning at Hans Zimmer’s studio, Remote Control Productions, where she was hired. Currently, she works as a freelance composer for film, TV, commercials, and video games. In addition, she has experience as a music producer and conductor.

## Career

Her career was launched at Remote Control Productions, where she worked for Hans Zimmer (The Lion King, Gladiator, The Dark Knight, Inception, Interstellar) and Henry Jackman (X-Men, Captain Phillips, Captain America, Big Hero 6). Bolton credits Bobby Tahouri as a mentor. She credits him with teaching her how to compose music quickly, remember to be authentic, and to treat others well. Bolton has provided technical music support and/or music for: Rise of the Tomb Raider (Playstation), Girlfriend’s Day (Netflix), Altitude (Lionsgate), No Escape Room (SYFY), Shimmer and Shine (Nickelodeon), 60 Days In (A&E).
In 2017 and 2018, Bolton was invited to conduct her pieces at the Future is Female concerts performed by the Hollywood Chamber Orchestra. Singer and composer Tori Letzler organized the concerts in order to feature the many women who are often overlooked in the film and television music industry. This inaugural 2017 concert featured ten new works by female composers at the Moss Theater at the New Roads School in Santa Monica, CA. In 2017, Bolton conducted her composition, “Divertimento,” and in 2018, Bolton conducted her composition, “You and I.”
In 2020, Bolton composed music for the Walt Disney animated short film, “Just a Thought” with director, Brian Menz. In July 2020, she was chosen to work with animated shorts filmmakers at the Sundance Institute new initiative to support Music for Animated Shorts.

## Musical style

Bolton strives to build thematic material that weaves in and out of the story, creating music that not only enhances the pivotal moments, but also is retained in the listeners’ subconscious. Her influences are a mixture of classical piano music such as Debussy and Chopin, movie music from classic films and Disney, and contemporary music and synth techniques.
# Gertrude Amy Roseby

Gertrude Amy Roseby OBE (20 April 1872 – 27 December 1971) was an Australian Congregationalist lay leader as well as school teacher, principal and co-owner of a school with her sister (Sarah) Mabel Roseby.

## Early life

Born in Dunedin, New Zealand on 20 April 1872, Roseby was the eldest of ten children born to Rev Thomas Roseby and his wife Sarah (nee Hooworth). Roseby's father was a Congregationalist minister. Her younger sister was Sarah Mabel Roseby and she would in time work for her as a maths teacher.
Roseby was privately tutored before entering the University of Sydney. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1895 with second class honours in logic and mental philosophy.

## Teaching career

Roseby taught at Rockhampton Girls' Grammar School, Queensland for eight years before travelling to Britain for further study. She completed a Diploma of Pedagogy at the University of London (1905). In the following two years, Roseby taught at the Wyggeston School for Girls in Leicester before returning to Australia.
In 1908, she became headmistress of Ascham, Darling Point. Roseby lived on site and served under principal HJ Carter. In April 1911, she bought Redlands School, Neutral Bay with her sister Mabel. Redlands was a school with 35 day girls and 8 boarders when she acquired it, and grew to 400 students under Roseby's direction. She also extended the grounds and buildings to accommodate the extra students. Roseby encouraged capable students to pursue university studies. The school was sold to the Church of England in 1945.
Roseby was chair of the Sydney Kindergarten Training College between 1946 and 1950. She was founder of Wybalena Hostel for Girls, Burwood and served as treasurer 1951–63. Roseby was also a member of the NSW Women's Inter-Church Council and the National Council of Women of New South Wales.

## Activism

Roseby was a member of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and the Rotary Peace Fellowship. She was a life member of the Congregational Women's Association and served as president in 1942 to 1946.

## Awards

Roseby was appointed an OBE in June 1958.
# Paulina Daniel Nahato

Paulina Daniel Nahato (born 3 March 1967) is a Tanzanian politician and academic. A member of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM), she has been a member of the National Assembly since 2020.

## Biography

Nahato attended Suji Primary School and completed secondary schooling at Parane Secondary School and the Kibasila Center in Dar es Salaam. She completed Bachelors, Masters and Doctorate degrees at the University of Dar es Salaam and a Masters at the University of Oslo. Since 2007 she has worked at the Department of Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, Muhimbili University.
In 2020, she was nominated to fill one of the Special Seats in the National Assembly reserved for women. She presently serves as a member of the Social Services and Community Development Committee. She has participated in public campaigns for improved sanitation.
# Gheen Corner, Minnesota

Gheen Corner is an unincorporated community in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.
The community is located between Cook and Orr at the junction of U.S. Highway 53, County Road 74 (Willow River Road), and UT Road 8170.
Gheen Corner is located along the boundary line between Willow Valley Township and Gheen Unorganized Territory in Saint Louis County.
The unincorporated community of Gheen is also nearby.
# Leubatal

Leubatal is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district of Greiz, in Thuringia, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Hohenleuben. It was disbanded on 31 December 2013.
The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Leubatal consisted of the following municipalities:
* Hain
* Hohenleuben
* Hohenölsen
* Kühdorf
* Lunzig
* Neugernsdorf
* Schömberg
* Steinsdorf
* Teichwitz
* Wildetaube
50°43′01″N 12°03′00″E﻿ / ﻿50.717°N 12.050°E﻿ / 50.717; 12.050
* This Greiz district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Pavangad

The Kolhapur District of Maharashtra is half a mile towards the east of Panhala fort from which it is separated by a ravine. The chief defense of the fort is a scarped rock fifteen to twenty-five feet high. In most places the steepness of the rock has been increased by artificial scarping and it has been strengthened by a parapet wall of Kolhapur black stone fourteen feet high.
In 1827, under Shahoji I (1821–1837), Pavangad and its neighboring fort Panhala were given over to the British Raj. In 1844, during the minority of Shivaji IV (1837–1860), Panhala and Pavangad were taken by rebels who seized Colonel Ovans, the Resident of Satara, when he was on tour and imprisoned him in Panhala. A British force under General Delamotte was sent against the rebels and on 1 December 1844 breached Panhala fort walls, took it by storm. Shortly thereafter in 1844, the two main entrances of Pavangad were pulled down and the fort was dismantled. The fort though deserted has a good water supply.
# Gettone

Gettone means "token" in Italian. More specifically, the word gettone can be used to refer to the gettone telefonico (telephone token), which was used during much of the 20th century in Italian telephone booths.
The gettone was introduced in 1927 by STIPEL and subsequently adopted by other telephone companies. The last version of it (as reproduced in the picture below) was produced from 1959 to 1980. In this last version, the gettone had the date marked on it in the form of a four digit number at the bottom of the obverse side of the token. The first two digits represent the year in which the token was minted. The last two digits represent the month. Example: "7805" represents "May 1978". Its use ceased in 2001, coinciding with the upcoming introduction of the euro currency in 2002.

## Gettone as means of payment

In the 1970s the value of the metal used in Italian small coins had reached a higher value than the face value. This led to a coin shortage in the market, forcing the circulating use of gettoni, stamps, and bus tickets for small transactions or part exchanges of a larger payment.
Gettoni became so common and so well known that they were considered legal tender, almost always being accepted as payment. One gettone was valued 50 lire up to 1980, 100 lire up to 1984, and 200 lire from 1984. The gettone thus became known as a typical Italian item even outside of Italy.
# Tarp, Denmark

Tarp is a town and northern suburb of Esbjerg, with a population of 1,663 (1 January 2024), in Esbjerg Municipality, Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark.

## Tarp-Bunkermuseum

Tarp-Bunkermuseum, located east of the town, is a museum established in a German bunker. The bunker was part of Esbjerg Flyveplads (Esbjerg Airfield) which was used by German troops. The museum tells the story of the airfield and the area during the Second World War.

## Tarp Bryggeri

Tarp Bryggeri, a small brewery specialised in wine and mead brewing, is located in the town.
# Tarpak, İnhisar

Tarpak is a village in the İnhisar District, Bilecik Province, Turkey. Its population is 271 (2021). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).
# Tansterne

Tansterne is a hamlet in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) north-east of Sproatley and 1 mile (1.6 km) south-west of Aldbrough. It lies off the B1238 road.
It forms part of the civil parish of Aldbrough.
# Tansu (name)

Tansu is a unisex Turkish given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Male

* Tansu Biçer (born 1978), Turkish actor
* Tansu Okandan (1942–2019), Turkish diplomat
* Ahmet Tansu Taşanlar (born 1984), Turkish actor

## Female

* Tansu Çiller (born 1946), Turkish academic, economist, and politician
# Tansukh cloth

Tansukh cloth was a fine cotton cloth primarily used for feminine dresses in medieval India, Tansukh is one of the seven explicitly mentioned cloths (khasa, Salu, Doriya, Bafta, Dupatta, and Panchtoliya) named in the exhaustive list of cotton cloths in Ain-i-Akbari. The bodices made of Tansukh and Bafta are referred by the poet Bhikhari Das. Tansukh was a woven material with another class of muslin with a very soft and delicate texture.

## Etymology

'Tansuk' or 'Tansukh' means in Hindi language, "comforting to the body" or "pleasing to the body".

## History

The Ain-i-Akbari and the contemporary Hindi writers mentioned Tansukh and Khasa, Bafta, Salu, Doriya, Dupatta, and Panchtoliya as notable fabrics of their time. The special quotes some names like chira, fenta gangajal fabric, Tansukh, sari, lehenga, ghagra, etc., signify the use of these cloths in Mughal clothing.

## Material and texture

Tansukh was made of fine cotton yarns. The texture of the fabric was very soft and delicate.

## Use

Tansukh was a soft cloth made of cotton and it was used for feminine dresses such as bodices (angiya, kanchukis ), saris, skirts with a piece of cloth across the breasts. The clothes made of Tansukh were suitable for both outer and inner wear.
# Tapoga

Tapoga is a town and arrondissement in the Atakora Department of northwestern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Cobly. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 7,278.
# Tapoban

Tapoban is a village in Darchula District in the Mahakali Zone of western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1841 people living in 305 individual households.
Formerly, Tapoban was a village development committee (VDC), which were local-level administrative units. In 2017, the government of Nepal restructured local government in line with the 2015 constitution and VDCs were discontinued.
# Peace House (New York City)

Peace House was founded in New York City in 1923 by Edith Clare Bryce Cram.

## History

It was founded in New York City in 1923 by Edith Clare Bryce Cram.
The building was an example of neoclassical architecture and it was designed by Frederick Fillmore French.
From 1950 to 1958 the building was used as a television studio by the US network CBS.
# Tarn Taran Junction railway station

Tarn Taran Junction (station code: TTO) is a railway station located in Tarn Taran district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Tarn Taran Sahib city. Tarn Taran station falls under Firozpur railway division of Northern Railway zone of Indian Railways.

## The railway station

Tarn Taran railway station is at an elevation of 226 metres (741 ft) and was assigned the station code – TTO. This station is located on the single track, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge, Amritsar–Khemkaran line. It is also terminal station on Beas–Tarn Taran line. It is well connected to a number of major cities via Amritsar and Beas railway stations.

## Electrification

Tarn Taran Junction railway station tracks are electrified.

## Amenities

Tarn Taran railway station has booking window and all basic amenities like drinking water, public toilets, sheltered area with adequate seating. There is one platform at the station.
# Pechmann condensation

The Pechmann condensation is a synthesis of coumarins, starting from a phenol and a carboxylic acid or ester containing a β-carbonyl group. The condensation is performed under acidic conditions. The mechanism involves an esterification/transesterification followed by attack of the activated carbonyl ortho to the oxygen to generate the new ring. The final step is a dehydration, as seen following an aldol condensation. It was discovered by the German chemist Hans von Pechmann .

## Mechanism

To synthesize coumarin derivatives, β-ketoesters can be condensed with phenols under acidic conditions. In this case, a transesterification reaction occurs first with the formation of the phenol ester. This is then followed by ring closure, similar to Friedel-Crafts alkylation.

## Examples

With simple phenols, the conditions are harsh, although yields may still be good.
With highly activated phenols such as resorcinol, the reaction can be performed under much milder conditions. This provides a useful route to umbelliferone derivatives:
For coumarins unsubstituted at the 4-position, the method requires the use of formylacetic acid or ester. These are unstable and not commercially available, but the acid may be produced in situ from malic acid and sulfuric acid above 100 °C. As soon as it forms, the formylacetic acid performs the Pechmann condensation. In the example shown, umbelliferone itself is produced, albeit in low yield:

## Mechanistic studies

The mechanism of the reaction has been studied in details with theoretical treatment.
The study shown that reaction takes place on oxo-form, and not on enolic-form. Three different oxo-routes have been proposed.

## Simonis chromone cyclization

In a variation the reaction of phenols and beta-ketoesters and phosphorus pentoxide yields a chromone. This reaction is called Simonis chromone cyclization. The ketone in the ketoester is activated by P$_2$O$_5$ for reaction with the phenol hydroxyl group first, the ester group in it is then activated for electrophilic attack of the arene.
# Ghulam Akbar Lasi

Ghulam Akbar Lasi (Urdu: غلام اکبر لاسی‎; d. 7 November 2017, Karachi) was a Pakistani politician and member of National Assembly of Pakistan who served as deputy minister of labor during Benazir Bhutto cabinet. He served as vice-president of Pakistan People's Party Balochistan.

## Political career

Ghulam Akbar Lasi was born in village of outskirts of the historic town of Bela in the Lasbela district of Balochistan. He did his master's degree from Karachi University.
Lasi was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan in 1988 Pakistani general election from NA-272. Later he joined Pakistan Peoples Party due to issue with Jam Mohammad Yousaf.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PPP) on from NA-272 (Lasbela-cum-Gwadar) in 1993 Pakistani general election.
Ghulam Akbar Lasi died on 7 November 2017 in Karachi.
# Gifts of Unknown Things

Gifts of Unknown Things: A True Story of Nature, Healing, and Initiation from Indonesia's Dancing Island (1976, ISBN 0-671-22632-0) is a book by Lyall Watson. It recounts a true adventure; washed onto a remote island in Indonesia, he is greeted by local people who have a strong and mystic culture and a unique comprehension of colour, sound and movement.
Jim Capaldi's song "Gifts of Unknown Things", from his album Fierce Heart, was inspired by the book.
# Pediatric Trials Network

The Pediatric Trials Network (PTN) is a consortium of clinical research sites located around the United States that are cooperating in the design and conduct of clinical trials to improve medication labels affecting dosages for young patients. It conducts trials under the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act, passed in 2002. The network is sponsored by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).
The work of the PTN addresses a critical lack of information regarding the impact of medication on infants and children. Developing organs and changes in metabolism throughout infancy and childhood affect how drugs are processed by immature or maturing bodies; thus, age-dependent adjustments in doses are required to ensure that such things are used safely and effectively. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of drugs and devices approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have actually been studied in children and are labeled for pediatric use. Pediatricians, consequently, are often forced to prescribe medical therapies "off-label," or according to their best guess based on adult studies.
To fill this knowledge gap, the PTN is studying the formulation, dosing, efficacy, and safety of drugs, as well as the development of medical devices, used in pediatric patients. In keeping with the goals of the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA), data collected from PTN trials are helping regulators to revise FDA labels for safer and more effective use in infants and children.

## Background

Pediatric clinical research faces unique challenges: low study consent rates among parents of sick children, limited blood volume available for the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies, and a relative lack of pediatric analytical expertise in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, to name a few. Because of such obstacles, before 1998, pharmaceutical companies were not required by the government to test their drugs in infants and children, even if the drugs were commonly given to those populations.
The Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (1997) and BPCA (2002, amended in 2007 and renewed in 2012) offer financial incentives in the form of patent extensions for companies that voluntarily test their drugs in pediatric patients. BPCA also provides a mechanism by which off-patent therapeutics might be studied through a collaboration between the FDA and National Institutes of Health. The NICHD is responsible for funding these studies from its annual budget.
Since the BPCA was first enacted, the NICHD has awarded numerous projects to organizations and institutions for the purpose of gathering information to improve pediatric drug labeling. One of these projects is the PTN, which is creating a scientific, technical, and administrative infrastructure that, in strategic partnership with the NICHD, is studying critical drugs and diagnostic devices in children to improve labeling for pediatric use.
# TargetScan

In bioinformatics, TargetScan is a web server that predicts biological targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) by searching for the presence of sites that match the seed region of each miRNA. For many species, other types of sites, known as 3'-compensatory sites are also identified. These miRNA target predictions are regularly updated and improved by the laboratory of David Bartel in conjunction with the Whitehead Institute Bioinformatics and Research Computing Group.
TargetScan includes TargetScanHuman, TargetScanMouse, TargetScanFish, TargetScanFly, and TargetScanWorm. which provide predictions for mammals, zebrafish, insects, and nematodes centered on the genes of human, mouse, zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans, respectively.
Compared to other target-prediction tools TargetScan provides accurate rankings of the predicted targets for each miRNA. These rankings are based on either the probability of evolutionarily conserved targeting (P$_{CT}$ scores.) or the predicted efficacy of repression (context++ scores).
Another distinguishing feature of TargetScan is its use of extra mRNA annotations. In particular, TargetScanWorm and TargetScanFish are based on C. elegans and zebrafish mRNA models for which 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) are defined using polyadenylation sites that are experimentally determined using accurate high-throughput methods.
# Pectobacteriaceae

The Pectobacteriaceae are a family of Gram-negative bacteria which largely consist of plant pathogens. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. The type species of this family is Pectobacterium.
The name Pectobacteriaceae is derived from the Latin term Pectobacterium, referring the type genus of the family and the suffix "-aceae", an ending used to denote a family. Together, Pectobacteriaceae refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus Pectobacterium.

## Biochemical Characteristics and Molecular Signatures

Members of the family produce acid from N-acetylglucosamine and are negative for arginine dihydrolase, orthinine decarboxylase and lysine decarboxylase. These bacteria are catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and do not produce hydrogen disulfide.
Genomic analyses identified four conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific this family in the proteins transcriptional activator RhaS, flagellar motor protein MotB, a two-component sensor histidine kinase protein and a hypothetical protein. These molecular signatures provide a reliable molecular means for distinguishing members of the family Pectobacteriaceae from other families in the order Enterobacterales and other bacteria.

## Historical Systematics and Current Taxonomy

Pectobacteriaceae, as of 2021, contains eight validly published genera. Members of this family were originally members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, a large phylogenetically unrelated group of species with distinct biochemical characteristics and different ecological niches. The original assignment of species into the family Enterobacteriaceae was largely based on 16S rRNA genome sequence analyses, which is known to have low discriminatory power and the results of which changes depends on the algorithm and organism information used. Despite this, the analyses still exhibited polyphyletic branching, indicating the presence of distinct subgroups within the family.
In 2016, Adeolu et al. proposed the division of Enterobacteriaceae into 7 novel families based on comparative genomic analyses and the branching pattern of various phylogenetic trees constructed from conserved genome sequences, 16S rRNA sequences and multilocus sequence analyses. Molecular markers, specifically conserved signature indels, specific to this family were also identified as evidence supporting the division independent of phylogenetic trees.