OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Miss World Malaysia 2015

Miss World Malaysia 2015, the 49th edition of the Miss World Malaysia pageant, was held at the Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur on August 29, 2015. Dewi Liana Seriestha of Sarawak crowned her successor, Brynn Zalina Lovett from Sabah at the end of the event. The main sponsors for the event was Metrojaya and Corus Hotel while the exclusive sponsor was Wacoal Malaysia.
Twenty contestants from different states competed for the crown. Brynn represented Malaysia at Miss World 2015 held in Sanya, China where she got first runner-up for Miss World Talent, Top 10 in Multimedia Award and Top 12 Dances of the World.

## Contestants

20 contestants competed for the crown and title.
| No. | Contestant | Placement | No. | Contestant | Placement |
| 1 | Adelina Chan | | 11 | Mae Ziele Nyara Joseph | |
| 2 | Annie Kok | | 12 | Melinda Lee Chen Ling | 2nd Runner-Up |
| 3 | Beatrice Lee | | 13 | Narishma Tiwari Karam Shankar | |
| 4 | Brynn Zalina Lovett | Winner | 14 | Natasha Aprillia Benggon | 4th Runner-Up |
| 5 | Catherine Chow Kit May | 3rd Runner-Up | 15 | Pareesha Nayar | |
| 6 | Crystal Wang | | 16 | Santhawan Dew Boonratana | |
| 7 | Dhiva Sakti Yogandran | | 17 | Serene Chai Yong Bin | 1st Runner-Up |
| 8 | Diana Sim Siew Ling | | 18 | Shindy Kua Xin Yi | |
| 9 | Ellie Elyana | | 19 | Summer Chia Youn Khoon | |
| 10 | Grace Yan Hui Xin | | 20 | Venagary Veena Rajee | |

## Judges

The following served as judges on the coronation night of Miss Malaysia World 2015:
* Melinder Bhullar – Miss Malaysia World 2013
* Jovian Mandagie – Fashion designer
* Dato Julie Lim Chew Ching – House of Tatiana founder and owner
* Takashi Watanabe – Executive Director of Wacoal Malaysia
* Joyce Sit – President of Laura Ashley (Asia)
# Miss World Malaysia 2014

Miss World Malaysia 2014, the 48th edition of the Miss World Malaysia pageant, was held at the Corus Hotel, Kuala Lumpur on August 30, 2014. Melinder Bhullar of Kuala Lumpur crowned her successor, Dewi Liana Seriestha from Sarawak at the end of the event.
Twenty-one contestants from different states competed for the crown. Dewi then represented Malaysia at the Miss World 2014 held in London, United Kingdom where she received the Miss World Talent 2014 award and made it to the Top 25 quarter-finalist.

## Results

| Final results | Contestant |
| Miss Malaysia World 2014 | #6 Sarawak – Dewi Liana Seriestha |
| 1st Runner-Up | #2 Putrajaya – Bob Low |
| 2nd Runner-Up | #3 Sabah – Cassandra Jeremiah |
| 3rd Runner-Up | #7 Kuala Lumpur – Dhivya Suppiah |
| 4th Runner-Up | #13 Kuala Lumpur – Olivia Shyan |

## Special awards

| Awards | Contestant |
| Miss Photogenic | #7 Kuala Lumpur – Dhivya Suppiah |
| Miss Personality | #6 Sarawak – Dewi Liana Seriestha |
| Miss Beautiful Hair | #19 Selangor – Sue Thang |
| Miss Elegance | #4 Sabah – Cheryl Joanne Chan |
| Miss Fitness | #3 Sabah – Cassandra Jeremiah |
| Miss Metrojaya | #2 Putrajaya – Bob Low |
| Miss Natural Beauty | #10 Melaka – Lisa Lau |
| Miss Social Media Queen | #3 Sabah – Cassandra Jeremiah |
| Miss Talent | #6 Sarawak – Dewi Liana Seriestha |
| Miss Wacoal | #2 Putrajaya – Bob Low |
| Miss Dr. Alice Award | #6 Sarawak – Dewi Liana Seriestha |

## Contestants

21 contestants competed for the crown and title.
| Contestant | Represented | Height | Placement |
| Amelia Tan Shei Shen | Kangar, Perlis | 167 cm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) | |
| Bob Low Sze Yie | Putrajaya | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) | 1st Runner-Up |
| Cassandra Devi Jeremiah | Penampang, Sabah | 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) | 2nd Runner-Up |
| Cheryl Joanne Chan Fan Nyuk | Kota Kinabalu, Sabah | 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) | |
| Claire Chin | Kuching, Sarawak | 161 cm (5 ft 3+1⁄2 in) | |
| Dewi Liana Seriestha | Bau, Sarawak | 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) | Winner |
| Dhivya Dhyana Suppiah | Kuala Lumpur | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) | |
| Esther Chiew Yen Qi | Kinta, Perak | 167 cm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) | |
| Gurmesh Dhillon | Ipoh, Perak | 166 cm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) | |
| Lisa Lau Li Ling | Melaka City, Melaka | 167 cm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) | |
| Mabel Marshall | Kuala Lumpur | 159 cm (5 ft 2+1⁄2 in) | |
| Mico Pun Chiew Yeok | Johor Bahru, Johor | 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) | |
| Olivia Shyan | Kuala Lumpur | 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) | 4th Runner-Up |
| Ooi Ning | Seremban, Negeri Sembilan | 167 cm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) | |
| Rebecca Soh | Kuala Lumpur | 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) | |
| Ruth Jacob | Kuala Lumpur | 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) | |
| Sabrina Chan | Ipoh, Perak | 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) | |
| Shanti Poorrenee Ganasalingam | Kuantan, Pahang | 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) | |
| Thang Sue Sien | Shah Alam, Selangor | 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) | |
| Tracey Isabella Lovett | Beaufort, Sabah | 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) | |
| Vidiana Dannis | Kajang, Selangor | 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) | |
# Angelbite

Angelbite is the fifth studio album by Dutch rock and roll band Claw Boys Claw. The album comes at a transitional time; the band had been let go by Polydor and the two albums released on Megadisc had not been very successful. This is their sole release on the small label Solid. The band changed personnel also: early members Bobbie Rossini (bass) and Marius Schrader (drums) had left the band at the end of 1988, and were replaced by Arno Kooy and Marc Lamb, respectively. This was Kooy's sole recording with Claw Boys Claw; Lamb is still with the band.
Angelbite, musically, points to the later "swamp rock" sound the band would adopt. The album was not a great commercial success; it never charted, nor did any of the two singles from it.
John Cale was to have produced the album; he had met the band while they were in the United States at the New Music Seminar, summer 1988. In the end, Angelbite was produced by Steve Parker, who had earlier produced The Fall and Mathilde Santing.

## Credits

* John Cameron – guitar
* Pete TeBos – vocals
* Arno Kooy – bass
* Marc Lamb – drums
* Steve Parker – producer
# Karlbo

Karlbo is a village in Avesta Municipality, Dalarna, Sweden. Erik Axel Karlfeldt was born here.
# Andy de Groat

Andy de Groat (November 1947 – January 10, 2019) was an American choreographer best known for his collaborations with interdisciplinary impresario Robert Wilson.

## Early life and education

Born in November 1947 in Paterson, New Jersey, de Groat grew up in a working-class family with little involvement in the arts. His father, a truck driver, was unsupportive of his interests, and Mr. de Groat had little contact with his family after leaving high school. He was studying painting at the School of Visual Arts in New York when he met Mr. Wilson in late 1966 at the Bleecker Street Cinema in Greenwich Village, where de Groat had a part-time job.

## Career

De Groat started his career in 1972, where he choreographed the plays Ouverture at that year's Shiraz Arts Festival. He also helped to choreograph Le Regard du Deaf and Einstein on the Beach at the 1976 Festival d'Avignon. He created the Red Notes dancing company in New York City in 1973. He created two ballets titled Red Notes and Fan Dance.
In 1982, de Groat moved his dance company to France. Henceforth he lived in Paris, Tarbes, and Montauban. He specialized in spinning, and applied it to works such as The Nutcracker, La Bayadère, and Giselle.

## Personal life

He was romantically involved with Robert Wilson for many years. Almost 20 years prior to his death, de Groat had a stroke impairing his movement and speech.

## Choreographic works

* Fan Dance (1978)
* Stabat Mater (1991)
* La Bayadère (1993)
* Tangos (1995)
* Swan Lake (1996)
* The Nutcracker (1996)
* Igitur or Elbehnon's Folly (2009)
# Scammon

Scammon may refer to:

## People

* Scammon (surname)

## Places

* Fort Scammon, an archaeological site in West Virginia
* Scammon, Kansas, a city in Cherokee County
* Scammon Bay, Alaska, a city in the Kusilvak Census Area
** Scammon Bay Airport, a state-owned public-use airport
* Scammon Farm Historic District, a historic area in New Hampshire
# Scammon (surname)

Scammon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charles Melville Scammon (1825–1911), American whaleman, naturalist, and author.
* Eliakim P. Scammon (1816–1894), American Civil War brigadier general
* J. Young Scammon (1812–1890), American politician, lawyer, banker, and newspaper publisher
* John Scammon (1865–1940), American politician and lawyer
* Richard M. Scammon (1915–2001), American author, political scientist and elections scholar
# Schizodiscus

Schizodiscus is a genus of lichenized fungi within the Lecideaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Schizodiscus afroalpinus.
# Szabolcs Udvari

Szabolcs Udvari (26 July 1974 – 26 September 2020) was a Hungarian footballer who played for Kaposvölgye VSC as defender.
# Iron phosphate

Iron phosphate may refer to:
* Iron(II) phosphate
* Iron(III) phosphate
# Charles A. Gunn

Charles Alexander Gunn or Charles A. Gunn (1870–1945?) was an American architect active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He designed Burnham Hospital in Champaign and the University of Illinois Observatory, on campus at the University of Illinois, in Urbana.

## Personal life and education

He was born in 1870 in Chicago and graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in architecture in 1892. He was an Assistant in Architecture at the University from 1893–1896. Later he worked in New York 1897–1903 and Pittsburgh 1903–1907.

## Career

Gunn became a Presbyterian missionary involved in work to the Philippines, South China and Hawaii. He served as executive secretary of the Layman's Missionary Movement in 1909 and was the Philippines mission architect from 1916–1921. As the Presbyterian representative in the[Missions Architects Bureau, he supervised the construction of the Missions Building located at 169 Yuanmingyuan Road in Shanghai. Finally in 1940 he was as an instructor at the American University of Cairo Egypt before returning to the United States.
# Miki Corporation

Miki Corporation (株式会社三貴) is a Japanese processed/natural diamond dealer. It is the corporation which manages stores such as "Jewellery Maki" and "Joyeux Couture Maki". Their leading product is the Camelia Diamond.
The enterprise was established by Kimura Kazuo, a graduate in Commerce of Waseda University. It produces expensive luxury jewels in large quantities and was once considered the company charging prices with highest profit margins in the world. However, it also sold goods at cheap prices and was considered the main enterprise establishing the trend of using luxury gems as a fashion commodity in the general public of Japan.
During the economic bubble period, the retail stores soon developed and expanded to clothing for women and children. The number of retail outlets soon reached over 1,400, through cooperation with suppliers and production factories from China and Thailand, mainly Maxer Corporation of Hong Kong. The enterprise grew to become one of the largest firms in Japan with over 8,000 workers and gross sales of 1,700 billion yen. In 1980s its sales rose to the top in the world overtaking Tiffany's.
In terms of scale, it was ranked 1st in Japan for jewellery and 6th for women's clothing.
At the time, 30% of the diamonds from De Beers, the syndicate of worldwide diamond dealers were wholesaled by this company.

## Main characters in commercials

Although most spokespersons used in the commercials of retail stores under Miki Corporation have been Japanese, few Western celebrities have also been used. These include
* Susan Anton (1980)
* Sharon Stone (1992)
* Paulina Pollikova (1994–1998)
* Bruce Willis (1997–1998)
# Maršov

Maršov is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Maršov lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Brno and 166 km (103 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Samar (disambiguation)

Samar is an island in the Visayas group in the Philippines.
Samar may also refer to:

## People

* Samar (name)

## Places
### The Philippines

* Samar (historical province), a former province (1768-1965) largely coterminous within the island of Samar comprising what are now the present-day provinces of (Western) Samar, Northern Samar and Eastern Samar
** Samar (province), formerly Western Samar, a province of the Philippines that occupies the western three-quarters of the island of Samar
** Northern Samar province
** Eastern Samar province
* Samar Sea, within the Philippine archipelago

### Israel

* Samar, Israel, kibutz in the Arabah Valley, south Israel

### Ukraine

* Samar, Dnipro, a neighborhood in Dnipro and a former city
* Samar, Ukraine, a city in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast formerly known as Novomoskovsk

## Film and television

* Samar (1962 film), an American/Philippine film
* Samar (1999 film), a Hindi/Urdu film
* Samar (2013 film), an Indian Tamil film
* Samar, a fictional criminal portrayed by Aamir Khan in the 2013 Indian film Dhoom 3
* Samar Pratap, a fictional politician portrayed by Ranbir Kapoor in the 2010 Indian film Raajneeti

## Others

* SAMAR Air Defence System, an Indian Surface to Missile System
* Samar (yacht), one of longest motor yachts
* Samar cobra (Naja samarensis)
* Samar, an abbreviation for samal rishon, the staff sergeant-equivalent Israeli military rank
* Šamar, 2003 album by the Croatian punk rock band Hladno Pivo
# George Ramsay

George Ramsay may refer to:
* George Ramsay (footballer, born 1855) (1855–1935), Scottish football player and manager, associated with Aston Villa FC
* George Ramsay (English Army officer) (1652–1705), English Army officer
* George Ramsay (footballer, born 1892) (1892–1918), Scottish footballer (Rangers FC, Partick Thistle FC)
* George Ramsay, 8th Earl of Dalhousie (died 1787)
* George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie (1770–1838), Scottish soldier and colonial administrator
* George Ramsay, 12th Earl of Dalhousie (1806–1880), British naval officer
* George Gilbert Ramsay (1839–1921), professor at the University of Glasgow
* George D. Ramsay (1802–1882), U.S. Army officer
* George Ramsay known as Roy Ramsay (sailor) (born 1912), Olympic sailor
* George Ramsay, printer active in Edinburgh (fl. 1811-1823), founder of George Ramsay and Company
# Francis C. Moon

Francis Charles Moon (born 1939) is an American mechanical engineer.
Moon earned bachelor's and master's degree in mechanical engineering from the Pratt Institute in 1962 and 1964, respectively, then completed doctoral studies in the same subject from at Cornell University. He later joined Cornell's faculty, succeeding Yih-Hsing Pao as chair of the Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics from 1980 to 1987, then serving as director of Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Cornell University until 1992. Moon was also Joseph C. Ford Professor of Engineering, and awarded emeritus status upon retirement.
Moon was elected a member of the United States National Academy of Engineering in 1996, "[f]or experimental research in chaotic and nonlinear dynamics and development of superconducting levitation devices."

## Selected books

* Moon, Francis C. (2004) [1987]. Chaotic Vibrations: An Introduction for Applied Scientists and Engineers. Wiley. Bibcode:1987nsf..rept.....M. doi:10.1002/3527602844. ISBN 9780471856856. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
* Moon, Francis C. (1992). Chaotic and Fractal Dynamics: Introduction for Applied Scientists and Engineers. Wiley. ISBN 9780471545712.
* Moon, Francis C. (2007) [1994]. Superconducting Levitation: Applications to Bearings and Magnetic Transportation. Wiley. Bibcode:1994slab.book.....M. ISBN 978-3-527-61752-4.
* Moon, Francis C. (1997). Dynamics and Chaos in Manufacturing Processes. Wiley. ISBN 9780471152934.
* Moon, Francis C. (2007). The Machines of Leonardo Da Vinci and Franz Reuleaux Kinematics of Machines from the Renaissance to the 20th Century. History of Mechanism and Machine Science. Vol. 2. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5599-7. ISBN 978-1-4020-5598-0.
# Barahona Province

Barahona (Spanish pronunciation:) is a province of the Dominican Republic. Located in the country's southwestern region, it is dividing into 11 municipalities and its capital bears the city of the same name. Barahona borders the provinces of Pedernales to the southwest, Baoruco and Independencia to the north, and Azua to the east along with coastline to the south with the Caribbean Sea. The province has an approximately three hours drive from Santo Domingo the capital of the Dominican Republic. In 2019, volunteers from Amigos de las Americas visited to facilitate projects within the various municipalities of Barahona.

## Municipalities and municipal districts

The province as of June 20, 2006 is divided into the following municipalities (municipios) and municipal districts (distrito municipal - D.M.) within them:
* Cabral
* El Peñón
* Enriquillo
** Arroyo Dulce (D.M.)
* Fundación
** Pescadería (D.M.)
* Jaquimeyes
** Palo Alto (D.M.)
* La Ciénaga
** Bahoruco (D.M.)
* Las Salinas
* Paraíso
** Los Patos (D.M.)
* Polo
* Santa Cruz de Barahona
** El Cachón (D.M.)
** La Guázara (D.M.)
* Vicente Noble
** Canoa (D.M.)
** Fondo Negro (D.M.)
** Quita Coraza (D.M.)
The following is a sortable table of the municipalities and municipal districts with population figures as of the 2014 estimate. Urban population are those living in the seats (cabeceras literally heads) of municipalities or of municipal districts. Rural population are those living in the districts (Secciones literally sections) and neighborhoods (Parajes literally places) outside them. The population figures are from the 2014 population estimate.
| Name | Total population | Urban population | Rural population |
| Cabral | 12,623 | 8,371 | 4,252 |
| El Peñón | 4,022 | 2,014 | 2,008 |
| Enriquillo | 9,923 | 5,911 | 4,012 |
| Fundación | 6,212 | 1,152 | 5,060 |
| Jaquimeyes | 4,422 | 1,898 | 2,524 |
| La Ciénaga | 8,023 | 1,604 | 6,419 |
| Paraíso | 16,223 | 9,014 | 7,209 |
| Polo | 7,895 | 4,244 | 3,651 |
| Salinas | 4,992 | 3,940 | 1,052 |
| Santa Cruz de Barahona | 138,470 | 123,616 | 14,854 |
| Vicente Noble | 20,013 | 9,854 | 10,159 |
| Barahona province | 232,818 | 171,618 | 61,200 |
For comparison with the municipalities and municipal districts of other provinces see the list of municipalities and municipal districts of the Dominican Republic.
# Tetratomidae

Tetratomidae is a small family of beetles sometimes called polypore fungus beetles. The family consists of several genera, most of which used to be in the family Melandryidae. Tetratomidae can be found worldwide.
Their food consists of fruiting bodies of hymenomycete fungi.

## Genera

These 12 genera belong to the family Tetratomidae:
* Cyanopenthe Nikitsky, 1998
* Eustrophopsis Champion, 1889
* Eustrophus Illiger, 1807
* Hallomenus Panzer, 1794
* Holostrophus Horn, 1888
* Mycetoma Dejean, 1834
* Penthe Newman, 1838
* Pisenus Casey, 1900
* Pseudoholostrophus Nikitsky, 1983
* Synstrophus Seidlitz, 1898
* Tetratoma Fabricius, 1790
* Triphyllia Reitter, 1898

### Fossil genera

* Subfamily Eustrophinae
** Tribe Eustrophini
*** †Allostrophus Hsiao et al., 2018 (Cenomanian Burmese amber, Myanmar)
*** †Thescelostrophus Yu et al., 2016 (Burmese amber)
** Tribe Holostrophini
*** †Synchrotronia Soriano & Pollock, 2014 (Cenomanian Charentese amber, France)
** Tribe incertae sedis
*** †Cretosynstrophus Cai et al., 2016 (Burmese amber)
* Subfamily Hallomeninae
** †Pseudohallomenus Nikitsky, 1977 (Santonian, Taimyr amber, Russia)
# Chris Catlin

Chris Catlin (6 December 1981) is a professional jockey, who was 2001 British flat racing Champion Apprentice and twice British All-Weather Champion. He quit race-riding in 2016 to become a work rider for Godolphin.

## Career

Christopher Bernard Catlin was born in Barnet on 6 December 6 1981, the son of a Ford car worker. He attended the British Racing School and after initially being apprenticed to Ken Ivory, he joined Mick Channon shortly after leaving in 1998. He became British flat racing Champion Apprentice in 2001 with 71 winners. At Channon's, he earned the nickname "the Cat", for moving around the place quietly and unobtrusively, as well as because of his name.
His best racing partnerships came with Imperial Dancer, on whom he won two Group 3s and a Listed race in the summer of 2002, Beckermet, on whom he won two Listed races in late summer 2007 and Royal Power, on whom he achieved the biggest win of his career in the 2006 German 2,000 Guineas. Over two successive winters, 2007-08 and 2008-09, he was All-Weather Champion Jockey. In 2012, he started regularly riding for Sir Mark Prescott, who publicly praised his professionalism, and in May he reached the 1,000 winners mark, being applauded back into the weighing room by his colleagues afterwards.
His final ride was at Chelmsford for Rae Guest in February 2016. That July, he handed in his licence to join Godolphin as a work rider. His best yearly win total was 138 in 2008 and in terms of prize money, his best year was 2009, when he won £836,803. Overall, he rode 1,218 winners in Britain, with more overseas, reached a century of seasonal winners four times and rode over 1,000 rides in a season seven times.
According to Channon, Catlin "doesn't say a lot, but when he does tell you about a horse you listen" and "always put your horse in the race with a chance". Catlin said he admired Prescott for his professionalism and was grateful to Channon for giving him a chance at a crucial stage of his career.
# Sens & Tonka

Sens & Tonka is a French publishing house that was founded in 1994 by Jeanne-Marie Sens and Hubert Tonka. Publications are typically about relatively serious subjects such as architecture, the arts and politics. Authors include Jean-Marie Apostolidès, Miguel Abensour, Marcel Gauchet, Olivier Jacquemond, Mehdi Belhaj Kacem, Sylvère Lotringer, Philippe Di Folco, Günther Anders, Jean Baudrillard, Auguste Blanqui, Pierre Clastres, Gilles Clément, Chloé Delaume, Édouard Dor, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Olivier Jacquemond, Louis Janover, Franck Laroze, Fréderic Neyrat, Léo Scheer, Paul Virilio...
# Itaparica Island

Itaparica is an island located at the entrance of Todos os Santos Bay on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the state of Bahia, Brazil. It is located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the city of Salvador, Bahia and covers 146 square kilometres (56 sq mi). There are two municipalities on the island: Vera Cruz (87% of the land area) and Itaparica (13%). Itaparica has 40 kilometres (25 mi) of beaches and exuberant tropical vegetation.

## History

Itaparica was home to a large Tupinambá population. Amerigo Vespucci arrived at the island on November 1, 1501. The initial Portuguese settlement was a Jesuit outpost called Baiacu, founded in 1560, later renamed Villa do Senhor da Vera Cruz. Sugarcane and wheat were initially cultivated on the island; cattle were later introduced. The first work of hydraulic engineering in the new colony was on Itaparica: a dam to supply drinking water to the village. The island became productive within a short period of time and was attacked by British Corsairs as early as 1597. It was occupied by the Dutch between 1600 and 1647 during the Dutch Occupation of Brazil. The Dutch constructed the Forte de São Lourenço in this period. The island later became a rich source of income for the Portuguese; it hosted a naval shipyard; lime mills, a crucial building material of the period; and a whaling industry, which continued to the mid-19th century.
The first steam engine in Brazil was set up on the island on the Ingá-Açu plantation. Itaparica was the scene of an important battle during the struggles of Independence of Bahia between 1821 and 1823. Many sobrados, colonial-period houses, were constructed on the island to house Pedro I of Brazil and later Pedro II of Brazil.

## Sul America Open

Itaparica is known for hosting the Sul America Open tennis competition (1986-1990). It is the former home of the tennis tournament, the ATP Itaparica.

## Access

Itaparica can be reached in about one hour by ferry from Salvador. The smaller passenger-ferry departs from near the Mercado Modelo, while the larger car-ferry goes from about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north to Bom Despacho. The state of Bahia is considering constructing a (11.6 kilometres (7.2 mi) bridge between Salvador and Itaparica.

## Noted residents

One of its most famous citizens was Brazilian writer João Ubaldo Ribeiro.