OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bachmann's bundle

In the heart's conduction system, Bachmann's bundle (also called the Bachmann bundle or the interatrial band) is a branch of the anterior internodal tract that resides on the inner wall of the left atrium. It is a broad band of cardiac muscle that passes from the right atrium, between the superior vena cava and the ascending aorta. Bachmann's bundle is, during normal sinus rhythm, the preferential path for electrical activation of the left atrium. It is therefore considered to be part of the "atrial conduction system" of the heart.

## History

In 1916, Jean George Bachmann conducted canine experiments. He found that clamping the muscular bundle of fibers that connects the atria caused a significant conduction delay.

## Structure

Bachmann's bundle receives its blood supply from the sinoatrial nodal artery (right, left or both).
Besides Bachmann's bundle, the other three conduction tracts that constitute the atrial conduction system are known as the anterior, middle, and posterior tracts, which run from the sinoatrial node to the atrioventricular node, converging in the region near the coronary sinus. Atrial automaticity foci are within the atrial conduction system. The concentration of converging conduction tracts near the coronary sinus results in considerable automaticity activity originating in that area.

## Function

The normal cardiac rhythm originates in the sinoatrial node, which is located in the right atrium near the superior vena cava. From there, the electrical activation spreads throughout the right atrium. There are at least four locations where the activation can pass to the left atrium. Apart from Bachmann's bundle these are the anterior interatrial septum, posterior interatrial septum, and the coronary sinus. Because it originates close to the sinoatrial node and consists of long parallel fibers, Bachmann's bundle is, during sinus rhythm, the first of these connections to activate the left atrium.
# Dehn's lemma

In mathematics, Dehn's lemma asserts that a piecewise-linear map of a disk into a 3-manifold, with the map's singularity set in the disk's interior, implies the existence of another piecewise-linear map of the disk which is an embedding and is identical to the original on the boundary of the disk.
This theorem was thought to be proven by Max Dehn (1910), but Hellmuth Kneser (1929, page 260) found a gap in the proof. The status of Dehn's lemma remained in doubt until Christos Papakyriakopoulos (1957, 1957b) using work by Johansson (1938) proved it using his "tower construction". He also generalized the theorem to the loop theorem and sphere theorem.

## Tower construction

Papakyriakopoulos proved Dehn's lemma using a tower of covering spaces. Soon afterwards Arnold Shapiro and J.H.C. Whitehead (1958) gave a substantially simpler proof, proving a more powerful result. Their proof used Papakyriakopoulos' tower construction, but with double covers, as follows:
* Step 1: Repeatedly take a connected double cover of a regular neighborhood of the image of the disk to produce a tower of spaces, each a connected double cover of the one below it. The map from the disk can be lifted to all stages of this tower. Each double cover simplifies the singularities of the embedding of the disk, so it is only possible to take a finite number of such double covers, and the top level of this tower has no connected double covers.
* Step 2. If the 3-manifold has no connected double covers then all its boundary components are 2-spheres. In particular the top level of the tower has this property, and in this case it is easy to modify the map from the disk so that it is an embedding.
* Step 3. The embedding of the disk can now be pushed down the tower of double covers one step at a time, by cutting and pasting the 2-disk.
# Stripper (song)

"Stripper" is a song by Italian rapper and singer Achille Lauro. The song represented San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Turin, Italy, after winning Una voce per San Marino, the Sammarinese national final.

## Background

According to Lauro, "Stripper" is a punk rock song. Lauro describes the song as a "feminist anthem", based on "the duality of man and woman... It's about feeling like a woman and not worrying about outside judgment."

## Eurovision Song Contest
### Una voce per San Marino

On 22 September 2021, SMRTV revealed that the event would be held between December 2021 and February 2022. All competing artists were initially divided into two categories: Emerging and Established. Established artists, also nine in total, were directly invited to the final by Media Evolution SRL. From 13 to 17 February 2022, a series of semi-finals decided the nine Emerging acts that moved on to the Grand Final to join the ten already-selected Established artists, with the top three of the Grand Final also being awarded €1000, €2000 and €7000, respectively. On 8 February 2022, SMRTV announced the identity of the ten Established artists that qualified automatically for the final in their category, with Lauro being one of the ten revealed.
The Grand Final took place on 19 February 2022 at the Teatro Nuovo in Dogana. A total of 18 artists participated, nine from the Emerging section and nine from the Big section. A jury decided the top three, with the winner going on to represent the country at Eurovision 2022. The jury consisted of: Mogol (songwriter; jury president), Simon Lee (conductor, composer and arranger), Clarissa Martinelli (radio presenter), Susanne Georgi (2009 Andorran representative) and Dino Stewart (managing director at BMG Italy). Lauro would manage to win the final by one point, becoming San Marino's representative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2022.

### At Eurovision

According to Eurovision rules, all nations with the exceptions of the host country and the "Big Five" (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) are required to qualify from one of two semi-finals in order to compete for the final; the top ten countries from each semi-final progress to the final. The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) split up the competing countries into six different pots based on voting patterns from previous contests, with countries with favourable voting histories put into the same pot. On 25 January 2022, an allocation draw was held which placed each country into one of the two semi-finals, as well as which half of the show they would perform in. San Marino was placed into the second semi-final, held on 12 May 2022, and performed in seventh place, in the first half of the show.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Stripper" :
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| Lithuania (AGATA) | 83 |
| San Marino (SMRRTV Top 50) | 19 |
# Nausnitz

Nausnitz is a municipality in the district Saale-Holzland, in Thuringia, Germany.
# Armenia women's national under-18 basketball team

The Armenia women's national under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of Armenia, administered by the Basketball Federation of Armenia. It represents the country in women's international under-18 basketball competitions.

## FIBA U18 Women's EuroBasket participations

| Year | Result in Division C |
| 1997 | |
| 1999 | |
| 2016 | |
| 2017 | |
| 2019 | |
| 2023 | |
| 2024 | 7th |
# Gorgopis hunti

Gorgopis hunti is a moth of the family Hepialidae. It is found in South Africa.
# Swings

Swings may refer to:
* Swing (seat) (often referred to as "swings"), playground equipment
* Swings (rapper) (born 1986), South Korean rapper
* Pol Swings (1906–1983), astrophysicist
* Bart Swings (born 1991), Belgian speed skater
# Gongylocarpus

Gongylocarpus is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Onagraceae.
Its native range is Mexico to Guatemala.
Species:
* Gongylocarpus fruticulosus (Benth.) Brandegee
** subsp. glaber (J.H.Thomas) Carlquist & P.H.Raven
* Gongylocarpus rubricaulis Schltdl. & Cham.
# Battle of Bazaleti

The Battle of Bazaleti (Georgian: ბაზალეთის ბრძოლა, bazalet’is brdzola) was fought between the two rival Georgian parties centered respectively on Teimuraz I of Kakheti and his defiant noble Giorgi Saakadze in the fall of 1626.
The battle was a culmination of the power struggle that evolved after the Georgian nobles rallied behind Teimuraz and Saakadze and recovered much of eastern Georgian kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti from the Iranian occupation. Shah Abbas I of Iran used the rivalry between Teimuraz and Saakadze to divide the Georgians into two opposing parties and to punish Saakadze who had formerly fought under the Iranian ranks.
The battle took place at the Bazaleti Lake in eastern Georgia, some 60 km (37 mi) northwest of Tbilisi. In a pitched battle, Saakadze's backup man, Davit’ Gogrishvili, was killed and his demoralized forces were routed by the royal army. Saakadze fled to the Ottoman Empire where he was assassinated in 1629 after serving a brief but successful military career under Sultan Ibrahim I.
# Odisha Teacher Eligibility Test

Odisha Teacher Eligibility Test (OTET) is the complete state government controlled entrance type test for recruitment of teachers in various government schools in Odisha. It is conducted by BSE, Odisha. Board of Secondary Education (BSE), Odisha conducts Odisha Teacher Eligibility Test (OTET) in order to select candidates for the appointment of teacher for Classes I to VIII in government, private aided, and private unaided schools of Odisha.
# Buriadia

Buriadia is a genus that existed from the Carboniferous to the Permian. Buriadia were vascular plants that reproduced by seed. The type species is Buriadia heterophylla.

## Location

In Paleorrota geopark, located in Brazil, were found rare branches of the genus Buriadia, are in the Rio Bonito Formation and date from Sakmarian in the Permian.
# Fry Esprit VFII

The Fry Esprit VFII is a Swiss amateur-built aircraft, designed by Valentino Fry and produced by Fry Aircraft Design of Wilen bei Wollerau. The aircraft is supplied as plans for amateur construction.

## Design and development

The Esprit VFII features a cantilever low-wing, a single-seat enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed conventional landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in tractor configuration.
The aircraft is of carbon fibre composite construction. Its 6.09 m (20.0 ft) span Burt Rutan-designed wing has an area of 6.07 m$^2$ (65.3 sq ft) and unidirectional carbon-fibre spars. The recommended engines are the 140 hp (104 kW) Walter Minor and the turbocharged 140 hp (104 kW) Lom Praha four-stroke powerplants. The Esprit has a cruise speed of 343 km/h (213 mph).

## Specifications (Esprit VFII)

Data from Bayerl and Tacke
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 6.09 m (20 ft 0 in)
* Wing area: 6.07 m$^2$ (65.3 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 358 kg (789 lb)
* Gross weight: 490 kg (1,080 lb)
* Fuel capacity: 65 litres (14 imp gal; 17 US gal)
* Powerplant: 1 × Walter Minor six cylinder, inline air-cooled, four stroke aircraft engine, 100 kW (140 hp)
* Propellers: 3-bladed composite
Performance
* Maximum speed: 389 km/h (242 mph, 210 kn)
* Cruise speed: 343 km/h (213 mph, 185 kn)
* Stall speed: 100 km/h (62 mph, 54 kn)
* Rate of climb: 9 m/s (1,800 ft/min)
* Wing loading: 80.7 kg/m$^2$ (16.5 lb/sq ft)
# Laurent Koehl

Laurent Koehl, born 15 March 1971, is a contemporary French tenor.

## Biography

Initially an audio engineer at Radio France and an amateur flautist, Laurent Koehl took his first courses in singing with fr:Udo Reinemann and fr:Gisèle Fixe.

## Opera

As a tenor, his scene debut was in Anna Bolena by Gaetano Donizetti at Opéra-Théâtre de Metz Métropole in Metz, where he also performed several other works, like The Sound of Music by Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II.
In 2001, he debuted at Chorégies d'Orange in Orange with Aida by Giuseppe Verdi.
His international career has been notably launched in Austria and Belgium. In 2000, he chanted the role of Prince Ali in L'incontro improvviso by Joseph Haydn at Eisenstadt. In 2002, he debuted at the Theater an der Wien in Vienna with Don Quichotte by Jules Massenet. He further interpreted Gioachino Rossini at Liège Ruedi in William Tell in 2000 and Mitrane in Semiramide in 2001. One of his other prominent roles was as Nemorino in L'elisir d'amore by Gaetano Donizetti.
In 2011, he participated in the new production of Psyché by César Franck at the Palais Garnier in Paris.
During the season of 2014–2015, he participated as soloist in the Orchestre Romantique Européen under the direction de Lionel Stoléru at the Salle Gaveau in Paris.

## Discography

Dessine-moi un mouton (2005), single, with Christian Lyon.
# The Family Upstairs (film)

The Family Upstairs is a 1926 American silent comedy film directed by John G. Blystone and starring Virginia Valli, Allan Simpson, and J. Farrell MacDonald. It was based on the 1925 Broadway play of the same name by Harry Delf.

## Cast

* Virginia Valli as Louise Heller
* Allan Simpson as Charles Grant
* J. Farrell MacDonald as Joe Heller
* Lillian Elliott as Emma Heller
* Edward Peil Jr. as Willie Heller
* Dot Farley as Mademoiselle Clarice
* Julie Bishop as Annabelle Heller (credited as Jaqueline Wells)
* Cecille Evans
# Gauche

Gauche may refer to:
* Literal left-hand-referenced relative direction:
** A style of Western fencing using the main-gauche, i.e. the parrying dagger, normally held in the left hand
** Rive Gauche, on the southern (i.e., left, when facing down the direction of flow) bank of the Seine in Paris, France
* Stereochemistry:
** Gauche conformation, a torsion angle of ±60° in alkane stereochemistry
** Gauche effect, a characterization in which the gauche rotamer is more stable than the anti rotamer
* Gauche (Scheme implementation), an implementation of the Scheme programming language
* "Gauche the Cellist", short story by Kenji Miyazawa about the eponymous hypothetical cellist
* Laura Gauché (born 1995), French alpine ski racer
# Goonj

Goonj (lit. 'echo') may refer to the following Indian films:
* Goonj (1952 film), a 1952 Bollywood film, starring Suraiya
* Goonj (1974 film), Bollywood film directed by S.U. Syed, starring Rakesh Roshan and Reena Roy
* Goonj (1989 film), Bollywood film directed by Jalal Agha, starring Kumar Gaurav and Juhi Chawla
# Klewang-class fast attack craft

The Klewang-class fast attack craft is a stealth, wave-piercing, carbon trimaran fast attack craft built by PT Lundin Industry Invest and designed by LOMOcean Marine. Shortly after being floated out, on 28 September 2012, KRI Klewang was destroyed by fire while being outfitted at shipyard. The second ship in the class KRI Golok was launched on 21 August 2021.

## Design

KRI Klewang has a length of 63 m (207 ft), a beam of 16 m (52 ft), with a draught of 1.2 m (3.9 ft), and displacement of 219 t (216 long tons). The vessel was powered by four MAN V12 diesel engines with total power output of 7,200 horsepower (5.4 MW), which propelled four MJP 550 waterjets, with two located on the outrigger and the other two on the main hull. Klewang has a maximum speed of 35 knots (65 km/h), with cruising speed at 22 knots (41 km/h). She has a range of around 2,000 nautical miles (3,700 km) at 16 knots (30 km/h). The vessel has a complement of 29 personnel, including a team of special forces.
Klewang was planned to be armed with four and up to eight C-705 anti-ship missiles in enclosed launchers and a Type 730 CIWS in stealthy turret. According to the builder, the vessel also able to be armed with Penguin or Exocet missiles and naval gun of up to 57 mm caliber without affecting the stability of the vessel. She also carried an 11 m high-speed rigid-hulled inflatable boat for the special forces team.

## History

The Indonesian Navy ordered the first of four for delivery starting in 2012. The first of these was named KRI Klewang and was launched on 29 August 2012; however, only four weeks later the ship caught fire on 28 September while undergoing fit-out in Banyuwangi, and was completely destroyed.

## Replacement

A replacement 63 m trimaran was ordered in Banyuwangi, and was expected to be launched in early 2016. In the interim period, advances in infusable vinylester resin chemistry have seen the incorporation of nano particles into the resin. These particles aid the transfer of the resin through the carbon/glass fibre matrix and allow the use of fire retardant grade vinylester for infusion. This makes the carbon fibre composite structure of the new vessel self-extinguishing. The ship was launched on 21 August 2021, and named as KRI Golok (hull no. 688). Golok was commissioned on 14 January 2022 at Surabaya.

## Ship in the class

| Ships | Pennant number | Launched | Commissioned | Builder | Notes |
| KRI Klewang | 625 (X3K) | 29 August 2012 | | PT Lundin Industry Invest | Destroyed by fire in 2012 |
| KRI Golok | 688 | 21 August 2021 | 14 January 2022 | PT Lundin Industry Invest | |
# Order of the Partisan Star

The Order of the Partisan Star is a national award of former socialist nations, which was awarded to military and civilian personnel during wartime and peacetime operations.
* Order of the Partisan Star (Albania)
* Order of the Partisan Star (Yugoslavia)
# Alexander Fergusson

Alexander Fergusson (1685–1749) was a Scottish politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1715 to 1722.
Fergusson was the eldest surviving son of John Fergusson of Craigdarroch and his wife Elizabeth McGhie, daughter of Alexander McGhie of Balmaghie, Kirkcudbright. He succeeded his father in 1689, inheriting Craigdarroch House.
He married on 29 August 1709, Anna (‘Annie Laurie’ of the song), the daughter of Sir Robert Laurie, 1st Bt., of Maxwelton, Kirkcudbright, and with her had at least 2 sons and 2 daughters.
At the 1715 general election he was returned unopposed as Member of Parliament for Dumfries Burghs, but was defeated in a contest at the 1722 general election
Fergusson died on 8 March 1749.
# Bush lawyer

Bush lawyer may refer to the following:
* Bush lawyer (plant), one of several New Zealand climbing plants in the genus Rubus, especially Rubus cissoides
* (Australian and New Zealand usage) person not qualified in law who attempts to expound on legal matters
* A poem by Banjo Paterson
* A mining agent in New Zealand (historical)
# No U Hang Up

"No U Hang Up" is a song written by Arnthor Birgisson, Rami Yacoub and Savan Kotecha and performed by The X Factor winner, Shayne Ward. The song was released as a double A-side single along with "If That's OK with You", peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart and reaching the top 20 in Denmark and Ireland. The song was described as invoking the image of "KFC wrappers blowing around in the doorway of JJB Sports".

## Chart performance

Although the single was released as double A-side, the official Irish chart company, IRMA, did not combine the two singles when they charted, due to two different digital singles being available separately. "If That's OK with You" charted at number one, while "No U Hang Up" entered at number 14, later climbing to number 11. In the UK, the single entered the chart at number two, giving Ward his third and final top-five hit.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Corvo, Cape Verde

Corvo (Portuguese pronunciation:) is a settlement in the northeastern part of the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. It is situated near the coast, 5 km southeast of Mosteiros.
# The Family Whistle

The Family Whistle is a 2016 documentary film exploring the origins of the famed Coppola family of musicians and filmmakers, written and directed by Michele Russo.
The famed Coppola family of filmmakers and musicians descends from Agostino Coppola, a poor immigrant from an impoverished village in Southern Italy. Interviews and archival footage portray how the family history has inspired these artists, and how they continue to renew their ties to the land of their origin.
Director Michele Russo was himself born in Bernalda, the city the Coppola family originated from. He picked olives as a child to see the first Godfather movie, and was later told by his parents that the film's director Francis Ford Coppola was his distant cousin, and the Coppola family originated from the same town. Years later, as a drama student in Milan, Russo contacted Coppola, who invited him to meet him in Rome and later cast him as Spara in The Godfather Part III.
Awards and nominations
Award: Ugo Lo Pinto, Indie Spec Best Cinematography Award at the 14th Annual Boston International Film Festival
Nomination: Michele Russo, L'Œil d'or at the 69th Annual 2016 Cannes Film Festival
Nomination: Michele Russo, Caméra d'Or at the 69th Annual 2016 Cannes Film Festival
# The Best American Short Stories 2018

The Best American Short Stories 2018, a volume in the Best American Short Stories series, was edited by Heidi Pitlor and by guest editor Roxane Gay.

## Short Stories included

| Author | Story | Where story previously appeared |
| Maria Anderson | "Cougar" | The Iowa Review |
| Jamel Brinkley | "A Family" | Gulf Coast |
| Yoon Choi | "The Art of Losing" | New England Review |
| Emma Cline | "Los Angeles" | Granta |
| Alicia Elliott | "Unearth" | Grain |
| Danielle Evans | "Boys Go to Jupiter" | The Sewanee Review |
| Carolyn Ferrell | "A History of China" | Ploughshares: Solos Omnibus |
| Ann Glaviano | "Come on, Silver" | Tin House |
| Jacob Guajardo | "What Got Into Us" | Passages North |
| Cristina Henríquez | "Everything Is Far From Here" | The New Yorker |
| Kristen Iskandrian | "Good with Boys" | ZYZZYVA |
| Jocelyn Nicole Johnson | "Control Negro" | Guernica |
| Matthew Lyons | "The Brothers Brujo" | Tough |
| Dina Nayeri | "A Big True" | The Southern Review |
| Téa Obreht | "Items Awaiting Protective Enclosure" | Zoetrope |
| Ron Rash | "The Baptism" | The Southern Review |
| Amy Silverberg | "Suburbia!" | The Southern Review |
| Curtis Sittenfeld | "The Prairie Wife" | The New Yorker |
| Rivers Solomon | "Whose Heart I Long to Stop with the Click of a Revolver" | Emrys Journal |
| Esmé Weijun Wang | "What Terrible Thing It Was" | Granta |
# Golden Sword

Golden Sword or Golden sword may refer to:
* Golden Sword (horse), a racehorse active 2009-2010
* The Golden Sword (novel), a 1977 Janet Morris novel
* Gold Sword for Bravery, Russian decoration (1720-1917)
* The Golden Sword (album), a 1966 jazz album by the Gerald Wilson Orchestra
# Moscow Clad in Snow

Moscow Clad in Snow is a 1909 short silent documentary film directed by Joseph-Louis Mundwiller about winter in Moscow 1908.

## Synopsis

The film is in four parts. First, the camera pans the Kremlin and Marshal's Bridge. Sleds are parked in rows. Horse-drawn sleighs run up and down a busy street. Next, we visit the mushroom and fish market where common people work and shop. In Petrovsky Park are the well-to-do. Men are in great coats. A file of six or seven women ski past on a narrow lane. Last, there's a general view of Moscow. A slow pan takes us to a view above the river front where the film began.

## Orchestral score on restoration

The film is inherently silent. Second Life added a soundtrack of Alexander Borodin music for the restored version of the film released by the Russian firm "Krasny Kofe".
# Bass Player (album)

Bass Player is the debut album by New Zealand reggae band, Rhombus. It was released in 2002. The album peaked at #18 in the New Zealand Top 40 Albums charts. The song "Clav Dub" reached #16 in the New Zealand Top 40 Singles charts.

## Track listing

* "Onwards (Step It Up)"
* "Pushing Blocks"
* "Hiroshima Station"
* "Clav Dub"
* "Spaceman"
* "Tour Of Outer Space"
* "Bass Player"
* "JP-Dub"
* "Winds"
* "Piano"
* "Dead And Gone"
* "Homeless"
* "Sweetness"

### Special edition CD (2003)

* Onwards (Si's Club Mix)
* Onwards (Si's Radio Mix)
* Onwards (Onmecha Mix)
* Onwards ) (Onmecha Instrumental)
* Clav Dub (Dub Pie Mix)
* Clav Dub x) (Steak & Mushroom Mix)
* Clav Dub (Pie Sandwich Mix)
* Tour of Outer Space (Theupbeats Mix)
* Tour of Outer Space (Theupbeats Radio Mix)
* Tour of Outer Space (Oceans Mix)
# Bagjana railway station

Bagjana railway station is a railway station in Joypurhat District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh.