OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ctenoplectrini

The bee tribe Ctenoplectrini of the subfamily Apinae, with the two genera Ctenoplectra and Ctenoplectrina, comprises 9 species in tropical Africa, 10 in Asia, and 1 in Australia.

## Description

The Ctenoplectrini are characterised by short tongues, modified scopae and large comb-like tibial spurs adapted to collect and carry a mixture of floral oils and pollen. The unusual morphology has made it difficult to infer their closest relatives, in turn preventing an understanding of these bees’ geographic and temporal origin and had led early authors to place them in their own family Ctenoplectridae. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses find Ctenoplectrini to be monophyletic and closest to the long-horned bees, Eucerini.
Most of the tribe's species collect floral oil, pollen, and nectar from a few genera of the family Cucurbitaceae. However, three species are thought to be kleptoparasites.

## Kleptoparasitic species

The presumably kleptoparasitic species form a clade (Ctenoplectrina) that is sister to the remaining genus (Ctenoplectra), confirming the independent evolution of kleptoparasitism in this tribe.
Tree topology and molecular dating together suggest that Ctenoplectrini originated in Africa in the Early Eocene and that Ctenoplectra dispersed twice from Africa to Asia, sometime in the Late Eocene, 30–40 million years ago. From Asia one species reached the Australian continent via Indonesia and New Guinea in the mid-Miocene, circa 13 million years ago. Dry and cool mid-Miocene climates also coincide with the divergence between Ctenoplectra bequaerti from West Africa, and Ctenoplectra terminalis from East Africa and Southern Africa, perhaps related to fragmentation of the equatorial African rainforest belt.
Nests are known from few species only, which use existing small holes in wood and stone or old nests of other bees, which they provision with a mixture of pollen and floral oil, exclusively gathered from plants of a few genera of the family Cucurbitaceae.
# 60D

60D may refer to:
* Canon EOS 60D DSLR camera introduced in 2010
* Tesla Model X 60D, all-electric cross-over SUV (CUV/XUV)
# The Rough Guide to the Music of Eastern Europe

The Rough Guide to the Music of Eastern Europe is a world music compilation album originally released in 1998. Part of the World Music Network Rough Guides series, the album gives broad coverage to the music of Central Europe and the music of Eastern Europe, focusing on traditional styles. Five of the fifteen tracks hail from Bulgaria, four are from Hungary, two are Macedonian, and Romania, Russia, Poland, and Albania contribute one track each. The compilation was produced by Phil Stanton, co-founder of the World Music Network.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Steven McDonald of AllMusic called it "good" but "curiously unsatisfying", blaming the size of the area covered. Writing for the Voice of America traditional music program Roots & Branches, Jo Morrison was more positive, considering the wide scope a "wonderful whirlwind tour", and the CD a continuation of the "high-quality" tradition of the series.
# Golsinda malaysiaca

Golsinda malaysiaca is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was first scientifically documented by Yamasako and Hiroshi Makihara in 2011. The Golsinda malaysiaca is known to be found in tropical forest areas around Malaysia.
# Obednik

Obednik (Macedonian: Обедник, Albanian: Obetnik) is a village in the municipality of Demir Hisar, North Macedonia. This village is only 5 to 7 km (3 to 4 mi) away from the historic village of Smilevo. Obednik has many tobacco fields, and is surrounded by mountains.

## Demographics

Obednik is attested in the Ottoman defter of 1467/68 as a village in the vilayet of Manastir. The village had 64 households аnd 1 widow. The inhabitants attested largely bore Slavic anthroponyms. while a minority bore mixed Slavic-Albanian anthroponyms, such as Zgur son of Millosh, Rale son of Gin, Kojo son of Radosllav etc.
In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Obednik was inhabited by 250 Muslim Albanians.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 273 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Albanians 139
* Macedonians 134
# NGC 7329

NGC 7329 is a large barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Tucana. NGC 7329 was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel in 1835.
The luminosity class of NGC 7329 is II and it has a broad HI line. To date, 29 non-redshift measurements yield a distance of 44.662 ± 5.536 Mpc (~146 million ly), which is within the Hubble distance range. Note that it is with the average value of independent measurements, when they exist, that the NASA/IPAC database calculates the diameter of a galaxy.

## Discovery

This galaxy was discovered in 1835 by the English astronomer John Herschel using a 47.5 cm (18.7 in) optical telescope that used a mirror as the light-gathering element.

## Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 7329: SN 2006bh and SN 2009iu.

### SN 2006bh

This supernova was discovered on April 2, 2006, by South African amateur astronomer Berto Monard, in Pretoria. It was cateogorized as type Ia with a magnitude of 14.8.

### SN 2009iu

This supernova, categorized as type Ib with a magnitude of 15.5, was discovered on September 1, 2009, by the CHASE (Chilean Automatic Supernova Search) project, a project searching for supernovae visible from astronomical observatories in the southern hemisphere.
# Aurelius Township, Ohio

Aurelius Township is one of the twenty-two townships of Washington County, Ohio, United States. The 2020 census found 326 people in the township.

## Geography

Located in the far northern part of the county, it borders the following townships:
* Jefferson Township, Noble County - north
* Salem Township - south
* Adams Township - southwest corner
* Jackson Township, Noble County - west
The village of Macksburg is located in northern Aurelius Township.

## Name and history

It is the only Aurelius Township statewide.

## Government

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1. Two are elected in the year after the presidential election and one is elected in the year before it. There is also an elected township fiscal officer, who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election. Vacancies in the fiscal officership or on the board of trustees are filled by the remaining trustees.
# Paul Fisiiahi

Paul Fisiiahi is a New Zealand rugby league footballer who represented Tonga at the 2000 World Cup and plays for the Howick Hornets. He is the identical twin of fellow Tongan International David..

## Playing career

In 2000 he joined the Eastern Tornadoes in the new Bartercard Cup competition.
By 2004 he was playing with the Otahuhu-Ellerslie Leopards, where he was selected to represent Auckland. In early 2004 he was bought in by Bob Bailey to play several matches for Moscow Dynamo in their Challenge Cup challenge.
He then moved to the Mount Albert Lions, where he scored a try in the 2005 Bartercard Cup Grand Final. He played for the Auckland Lions in the 2006 and 2007 Bartercard Cup. In 2011 he joined the Howick Hornets in the Auckland Rugby League championship. Selected for the Niue rugby league team 2009 alongside his brother David.

## Representative career

Fishiiahi represented both the New Zealand Residents and Tonga in 2000. He played one match for Tonga at the 2000 World Cup, coming off the bench and scoring a try.
In 2003 he toured England with New Zealand 'A'.
# Hugh Waddell

Hugh Waddell may refer to:
* Hugh Waddell (general) (c. 1734–1773), military figure in the Province of North Carolina
* Hugh Waddell (rugby league) (1958–2019), British rugby league footballer
# Powerplay Cruiser

The Powerplay Cruiser was a joystick released in 1986, during the time that the Atari ST, ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64 and Commodore Amiga were all popular home computers. It was compatible with many 8-bit and 16-bit machines, and boasted many features that were considered high end at the time:
* Fully microswitch-based operation (clicking with every move or shot)
* 8-directional control
* Ambidextrous design (symmetrical with two fire buttons positioned at the front end, away from the joystick shaft)
* Adjustable torque control (a 3-position rotating collar at the base of the shaft, giving manual resistance)
* Rugged plastic body & sturdy, long-lasting design (working examples appear for auction on eBay and similar sites to this day)
* Available in a range of colours/models (all with black cable):
** All Black
** Blue body, red stick, white fire buttons
** Pastel green body, with pastel yellow fire buttons, pastel pink joystick shaft and pastel blue torque controller
** Transparent body, black stick and buttons featuring a rare autofire working-type, as it operates automatically when any of the 2 buttons is held down
** The black and red Cruiser Turbo, featuring an autofire facility (the pastel version was arguably the most popular, matching the fashions of the era, followed by the sleek black model)
Other features included a cable that was longer than that used by many other joysticks, and four strong suction cups to attach the unit to a flat surface, for general stability or to enable control of rare (at the time) games that used the keyboard and other input devices to control play, such as Gunship.
The joystick had two DE-9 connectors. The primary connector was Atari compatible, with a shorter grey cable and connector attached to this. The secondary connector is compatible with the non-standard Amstrad built ZX Spectrum computers; the Sinclair Interface II and other popular ZX Spectrum joystick interfaces were Atari compatible.

## Market value

The Cruiser retailed in the UK at £14.99 when released, at a time when this was two or three times as expensive as many joysticks with lower manufacturing or design standards, and when most C64 games (on cassette) would cost less than £15 (their disk-based counterparts usually costing £15 or more) and with Commodore Amiga games costing approximately £20-£30. It was therefore a "luxury" joystick, aimed at serious gamers who required style and resilience in their peripherals.
# 609 Fulvia

609 Fulvia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun.
# Plummer Family Helluva Handball Bash

The Plummer Family Helluva Handball Bash (formerly known as Jake Plummer's Annual Halloween Handball Bash) is an annual American handball tournament which takes place each Fall in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Organized by former NFL Quarterback Jake Plummer, the event was first held in 2008 and now draws many top handball professionals each year. In 2010 the event drew roughly a dozen top professionals and over one hundred amateur competitors. Elite handballers to attend include Emmett Peixoto, who has been the number one ranked Three–Wall Handball player in the United States. Plummer hopes to make the event "the Super Bowl of handball".
Plummer attempts to ensure that the event has a low–key atmosphere. Both beer and Gatorade are served as refreshment for the athletes, even during morning matches. The event, which takes place at Peak Health and Wellness Center, also includes a youth clinic. Competitors in the event raise money for local charities.
# Thaalappoli

Thaalappoli is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film, directed by M. Krishnan Nair. The film stars Prameela, Sankaradi, Meena and Sudheer in the lead roles. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

## Cast

* Prameela
* Sankaradi
* Meena
* Sudheer
* Vincent

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by V. Dakshinamoorthy and the lyrics were written by Cheri Viswanath and Mankombu Gopalakrishnan.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Ini Njan Karayukayilla" | P. Susheela | Cheri Viswanath |
| 2 | "Priyasakhi Poyvaroo" | K. J. Yesudas | Cheri Viswanath |
| 3 | "Purushantharangale" | P. Susheela | Mankombu Gopalakrishnan |
| 4 | "Sreevaazhum Kovilil" | Vani Jairam, Chorus | Cheri Viswanath |
| 5 | "Vrischikakkaatte" | K. J. Yesudas | Cheri Viswanath |
# Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster

The Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster is an office of the Duchy of Lancaster. The vice-chancellor is appointed by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster after consultation with the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. Since 1987, the vice-chancellor has been a High Court judge of the Chancery Division with a term of approximately three years.
The Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster exercises general supervision over the conduct of Chancery division business in the North of England and is an ex-officio member of the court of Lancaster University.
Before the implementation of the Courts Act 1971, the appointment of the Vice-Chancellor of the County Palatine was controlled by section 14 of the Administration of Justice Act 1928 (repealed by Schedule 11, Part 2 of the Courts Act 1971). From 1973 to 1987, Andrew James Blackett-Ord, a circuit judge held the post. Since then, the office has been held by a Justice of the High Court sitting in the Chancery Division.

## List of vice-chancellors

Source: Somerville, Duchy of Lancaster Office Holders, (1871 onwards): Northern Circuit
* 1649 and 1651: Thomas Fell
* ?–?1790: William Swinnerton (served 33 years, died 1790)
* 1791-1799: James Allan Park
* 1800-1815: Edward King
* 1815-1820: William David Evans
* 1820-1822: Samuel Yate Benton
* 1826-1844 :Francis Ludlow Holt
* 1849–1851: William Page Wood
* 1851–1852: Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury
* 1853–1868: William Milbourne James
* 1868–1871: John Wickens
* 1871–1881: George Little
* 1881–1893: Henry Fox Bristowe
* 1893–1895: William Fothergill Robinson
* 1895–1905: Sir Samuel Hall
* 1905–1912: Octavius Leigh-Clare
* 1912–1919: Sir Dudley Stewart-Smith
* 1919–1925: Roger Bernard Lawrence
* 1925–1936: Sir (William) Courthope Townshend Wilson
* 1936–1948: Sir John Bennett
* 1948–1963: Sir (John) Leonard Stone
* 1963–1973: Sir Thomas Burgess
* 1973–1987: Andrew James Blackett-Ord

### Since 1987

* 1987–1991: Sir Richard Scott
* 1991–1994: Sir Andrew Morritt
* 1994–1999: Sir Jonathan Parker
* 1999–2002: Sir William Blackburne
* 2002–2005: Sir Timothy Lloyd
* 2005–2008: Sir Nicholas Patten
* 2008–2012: Sir David Richards
* 2012–2013: Sir Michael Briggs
* 2013-2017: Sir Alastair Norris
* 2017-2019: Sir Gerald Barling
* 2019-2021: Sir Richard Snowden
* 2021: Sir Timothy Fancourt
# Pokahuntas Bell

Named for the Indian chief's daughter Pocahontas, the Pokahuntas Bell was created in 1907 to hang in the Kentucky Building, a recreation of Fort Boonesborough, at the Jamestown Exposition.
The push to create the bell was led by the Pocahontas Bell Association, created by Anna S. Green of Culpeper, Virginia. The author Livia Nye Simpson Poffenbarger was a lifetime member of the group.
Crafted in the McShane Foundry in Baltimore, Maryland, it contained a melted-down spur from Confederate Major John Pelham, a bracelet from Chief Pugallop, an armour plate from the CSS Virginia warship and nails from Libby prison. Edith Wilson, the future First Lady of the United States, gave a key to her New Jersey home to include in the cast. The plating had been donated by the United States Navy, in a joint resolution.
Scheduled for presentation for May 18, the bell was formally presented on June 15, at a ceremony hosted by Virginia governor Claude A. Swanson. The Exposition's general counsel T. J. Wool and Major Hunter were both present.
It was intended for the Bell to be given to the University of Virginia after the close of the Exposition. However shortly after the Governor announced this fact, there was dispute about where it should ultimately be sent.
# The peculiar institution

The peculiar institution may refer to:
* A euphemism for slavery in the United States
* The Peculiar Institution, a book by Kenneth Stampp about slavery in the United States
# Les Choux

Les Choux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France.
# NLGN2

Neuroligin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLGN2 gene.
This gene encodes a member of a family of neuronal cell surface proteins. Members of this family may act as splice site-specific ligands for beta-neurexins and may be involved in the formation and remodeling of central nervous system synapses.
# Prauserella shujinwangii

Prauserella shujinwangii is a Gram-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Prauserella which has been isolated in Xinjiang, China.
# Sunita Sharma (cricket coach)

Sunita Sharma is reportedly India's first woman cricket coach and a former cricketer. Having trained dozens of first-class and international cricketers, she received the Dronacharya Award in 2005.

## Early life and playing career

A sports fan from childhood, Sharma played kho kho at the national level before gradually developing interest in cricket. Having lost her father at age four, it was her mother who advised her to take up the relatively more popular sport of cricket so that she could make a career out of it. Sharma soon rose up the ranks as a medium pace bowler and was selected in the national team. She claims that despite being part of the playing eleven of a Test match against Australia in 1975 she was left out on the morning of the match.

## Coaching career

Noticing her lack of interest in academics, Sharma's mother enrolled her into a cricket coaching programme in Janki Devi Memorial College in Delhi. In 1976, she became the first woman to receive a coaching diploma from the National Institute of Sports in Patiala. According to Sharma, people were reluctant to send their children to her as they preferred male coaches but "people found out that I am equally capable as compared to my male colleagues" after one year. She credited the media who used to "write about me and appreciate my work. All that gave me enough strength to carry on initially."
Over the years, Sharma coached dozens of men and women cricketers who went on to play at international and first-class level. She is reportedly India's first woman cricket coach. Some of her women trainees who played at the international level are Manimala Singhal, Shashi Gupta, Anju Jain, and Anjum Chopra. Between 1975 and 1990, Sharma also conducted coaching camps for international cricketers where the likes of Shantha Rangaswamy, Diana Edulji, Gargi Banerji, Sandhya Agarwal and Shubhangi Kulkarni underwent training. She was the coach of Deep Dasgupta, who played for the men's national team, since he was seven years of age. Since the early-1980s, she trained Indian team probables at Sports Authority of India's National Stadium Cricket Academy in Delhi. She later worked as a coach and manager of the women's national team. She briefly worked on the national women's team selection committee until 2015 when the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) removed her because she had not played international cricket.
In July 2002, the Women's Cricket Association of India (WCAI) recommended her for the Dronacharya Award. She received the award in 2005.
# Göran Dillner

Göran Dillner (April 26, 1832 – March 28, 1906) was a Swedish mathematician.
He founded the Swedish Tidskrift för matematik och fysik (Journal of Mathematics and Physics), and was its editor-in-chief in 1868–1871 and 1874. He was a city councilor in Uppsala from 1875 to 1882.

## Works

* G. Dillner (1873) "Traité de calcul géométrique supérieur", Nova acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Ser. III 8. https://archive.org/details/novaactaregiaeso38kung/page/n590
* This article about a Swedish mathematician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Thaalam Manasinte Thaalam

Thaalam Manasinte Thaalam is a 1981 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by A. T. Abu. The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Jagathy Sreekumar and Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

## Cast

* Prem Nazir
* Sheela
* Jagathy Sreekumar
* Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair
* Baby Ponnambili
* P. A. Aziz
* Jalaja
* Santhakumari
* Sreenath

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by G. Devarajan and the lyrics were written by Devadas.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Aa Amma" | P. Madhuri | Devadas |
| 2 | "Aa Malarvaadiyil Enneyum Nokki" | P. Jayachandran | Devadas |
| 3 | "Thaalam Thettiya Jeevithangal" | M. G. Radhakrishnan | Devadas |
# Cavalerie

Cavalerie is a 1937 composition by jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt. Reinhardt attempted to record it with the Quintet of the Hot Club of France but aborted the attempt and the original version of the piece is now lost. It was later re-recorded and released as a single by him in 1943 with "Douce Ambiance". He recorded it on the 17 February 1943 in Paris. Joe Pass recorded the piece for his 1964 album For Django. The Pass version is a bebop-inspired swinging altered blues composition in the key of D-flat major, featuring a thumping bass at the beginning and D 9th and D-flat 9th alternations. Much of the track is blues over D-flat 7th and G-flat 7th.
# Polvorín de Miraflores

The Polvorín de Miraflores is an 18th-century structure in San Juan, Puerto Rico, specifically in the Isla Grande (Big Island) sector of Santurce, that served as an ammunition storage place for the Spanish military. The site was included in the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 and on the Puerto Rico Register of Historic Sites and Zones in 2000 for its historic importance.

## History

The Polvorín was built on orders of Field Marshal Alejandro O'Reilly, who visited the island in 1765 to gauge the status of the island defenses on a request of King Charles III. Among O'Reilly's recommendations was the construction of five ammunition storage (or polvorín) to support the other artillery structures on the island. Some accounts state the specific construction date as 1770 and others as 1776.
When the Spanish–American War ended in 1898, United States took control of the island. From that time until the 1930s, the Polvorín de Miraflores was used as a quarantine station under the administration of the United States Public Health Service. Ship passengers and immigrants were inspected here and, if necessary, were isolated from the population.
Since the 1940s, the building was repurposed as a chapel for the Isla Grande Naval Base. As a result, some changes were made to the structure, like the replacement of the chimney with a bell tower. The structure was then renamed Santa Bárbara Chapel.
When the Naval Base closed in 1971, the structure was handed to the Institute of Puerto Rican Culture. During this time, it was used as the setting for the San Juan Ballets and the San Juan Children's Choir. Since 1984, it became part of the National Register of Historic Places.
Eventually, the building was taken by the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works and the property was used for the storage of vehicles. With time, the property became abandoned and deteriorated. Recently, the structure was handed to the Convention Center District which prompted the removal of the abandoned vehicles from the property.
# Bené Arnold

Bené Catheryn Moser Arnold (September 30, 1935 – January 25, 2024) was an American ballet dancer and a Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Utah. She trained with the Ethel Meglin Dance Studio in Los Angeles and the San Francisco Ballet School, eventually becoming a soloist with the San Francisco Ballet Company. From 1963 to 1975, Arnold served as a ballet mistress for Ballet West in Salt Lake City, Utah. She later became a ballet instructor at the University of Utah.
Arnold died on January 25, 2024, at the age of 88.