OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Routing loop

A routing loop is a common problem with various types of networks, particularly computer networks. They are formed when an error occurs in the operation of the routing algorithm, and as a result, in a group of nodes, the path to a particular destination forms a loop.
In the simplest version, a routing loop of size two, node A thinks that the path to some destination (call it C) is through its neighbouring node, node B. At the same time, node B thinks that the path to C starts at node A.
Thus, whenever traffic for C arrives at either A or B, it will loop endlessly between A and B, unless some mechanism exists to prevent that behaviour.

## How a routing loop can form

For example, in this illustration, node A is transmitting data to node C via node B. If the link between nodes B and C goes down and B has not yet informed node A about the breakage, node A transmits the data to node B assuming that the link A-B-C is operational and of lowest cost. Node B knows of the broken link and tries to reach node C via node A, thus sending the original data back to node A. Furthermore, node A receives the data that it originated back from node B and consults its routing table. Node A's routing table will say that it can reach node C via node B (because it still has not been informed of the break) thus sending its data back to node B creating an infinite loop. This routing loop problem is also called a two-node loop.

## How a routing loop can persist

Consider now what happens if both the link from A to C and the link from B to C vanish at the same time (this can happen if node C has crashed). A believes that C is still reachable through B, and B believes that C is reachable through A. In a simple reachability protocol, such as EGP, the routing loop will persist forever.
In a naive distance-vector protocol, such as the routing information protocol, the loop will persist until the metrics for C reach infinity (the maximum number of routers that a packet can traverse in RIP is 15. The value 16 is considered infinity and the packet is discarded).

## Prevention and mitigations

In a link-state routing protocol, such as OSPF or IS-IS, a routing loop disappears as soon as the new network topology is flooded to all the routers within the routing area. Assuming a sufficiently reliable network, this happens within a few seconds.
Newer distance-vector routing protocols like EIGRP, DSDV, and Babel have built-in loop prevention: they use algorithms that assure that routing loops can never happen, not even transiently. Older routing protocols like RIP and IGRP do not implement the newest forms of loop prevention and only implement mitigations such as split horizon, route poisoning, and holddown timers.
# Robert Snoden

Robert Snoden or Snowden (Mansfield, unknown date – London, 1621) was an English bishop.

## Life

He was born in Mansfield Woodhouse, the third son of Ralph Snoden. In May 1580 he matriculated as a sizar at Christ's College, Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1583, M.A. in 1586, B.D 1593. He became a Fellow of Christ's in 1589, rector of Harby, Leicestershire, in 1596 and of Hickling, Nottinghamshire in 1598. The same year, he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity.
Snoden became a chaplain to James I in 1614, and was appointed as Bishop of Carlisle in 1616. This was attributed to the influence of George Villiers. Snoden found his diocese poverty-stricken rather than troublesome, as he wrote to the king. He died in London.
# Robert Mushet

Robert Mushet may refer to:
* Robert Mushet (writer) (1782–1828), Scottish official of the Royal Mint and writer on financial topics
* Robert Forester Mushet (1811–1891), British metallurgist and businessman
* Robert Mushet (cricketer) (1901–1992), Scottish cricketer
# South Somerset Hydropower Group

The South Somerset Hydropower Group (SSHG) is a group of 10 owners of former watermills in the South Somerset area of England who are installing micro-hydro turbines for electricity generation. The Group was founded as a result of an initiative by South Somerset District Council, and was the first of its kind in the United Kingdom. The Group won one of the 2005 Ashden Awards, and the concept has been adopted by a number of other similar groups.
The South Somerset Hydropower Project was begun in 2001 and the first turbine, at Gants Mill (Pitcombe), was commissioned in 2003. It now produces up to 12 kW of electricity from a 300 mm cross-flow turbine. Other sites in the Project include Clapton Mill (Clapton), Cole Manor (Bruton), Cary's Mill (Martock) and Cutterne Mill (Evercreech). When all the mills are in operation it is expected that they will collectively generate around 600 MWh per year, sufficient to supply about 150 homes and avoid the production of 260 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions.
The SSHG estimates that there are about 40,000 mill sites that might be suitable for micro-hydropower in the United Kingdom. It has been calculated that harnessing the power from all the streams and rivers in the UK could generate 10,000 GWh per year, enough to supply 3% of national generating capacity.
# Guy Parsons

Guy Thomas Ernest Parsons FCA OBE (6 February 1926 – 27 August 2019) was a British accountant, auditor, liquidator and involved in a number of charities.

## Charity

He was involved with the Australian Music Foundation and The Lynn Foundation.

## Finance

He was appointed insolvency chief of Rolls-Royce during their 1971 bankruptcy.

## Overseas

He helped set up Solomon Islands airline SOLAIR as well as the Oman and Yemen electrical board authorities.

## Books

He co-authored Employees' Rights in Receiverships and Liquidations with William Ratford.

## Honours

He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2016 Birthday Honours, "for services to business and charity.".
# Tesagrotis corrodera

Tesagrotis corrodera is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae. It was described by Smith in 1907 and is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Tesagrotis corrodera is 10978.1.
# Ta Erotika (Sakis Rouvas album)

Ta Erotika Sakis Rouvas (Greek: Τα Ερωτικά; English: Love songs) is the first love song collection and fifth compilation album by Greek pop-rock singer-songwriter Sakis Rouvas and is part of the Universal Music Greece series Ta Erotika. It was released on 10 February 2007 and comprises songs from his first five albums released under the former PolyGram Records Greece. The album comprises 18 tracks with a love oriented theme.

## Track listing

* "Xana"
* "Mi M'agapiseis"
* "Aima, Dakrya & Idrotas"
* "Afiste Tin"
* "Par'ta"
* "To Xero Ise Moni"
* "Kapote Tha 'Maste Mazi"
* "Ime Hamenos"
* "Mia Fora"
* "Ego S'agapo"
* "Fyge"
* "De Tha Se Xehaso"
* "Pseftika"
* "Mia Vrohi"
* "Oso Iparheis"
* "Dose Mou Mia Nyhta"
* "Spasmeni Klidaria"
* "Yia Sena"
# Acne miliaris necrotica

Acne miliaris necrotica is a severe form of folliculitis of typically the scalp. It presents as multiple fluid-filled bumps, sometimes occurring as solitary lesions that are usually very itchy. Shortly after appearing, the bumps burst and dry up. There may be scarring.

## Causes

The cause may be a result of an inflammatory reaction to part of the hair follicle and S. aureus.

## Diagnosis

Diagnosis is by visualisation and culture of the lesions.

## Treatment

There are multiple medications that are able to treat acne varioliformis.

### Topical

* Clindamycin 1% lotion or Benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin gel
* Erythromycin 2% gel
* 1% hydrocortisone cream

### Systemic

* Doxycycline 50 mg twice daily
* Isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg daily

## History

The condition was first described by Sabouraud in 1928.
# Gayoe

The Gayoe, also known as the kuda-Gayo, is a pony from the island of Sumatra, found near Aceh. The name is derived from the Gayoe hills in the north of the island.
The Gayoe is one of eight breeds native to Indonesia; the others are the Batak Pony, Deli pony, Bali Pony, Java Pony, Sumba and Sumbawa Pony (and closely related Sandalwood Pony) and Timor Pony.

## Characteristics and uses

Gayoe ponies are generally solid-colored, usually a dark bay shade commonly called "brown". Adults are approximately 12.2 hands (114 cm) tall at the withers, and small-bodied.
They are primarily used for transportation on Sumatra, and the 1997 FAO Breed Survey indicated that the breed has a stable population of about 7500 animals, thus it is not endangered.

## Origin

Horses were introduced to Nusantara archipelago in unknown date, they are descended from Tibetan or Mongol-type horses.$^{:39}$ It is possible that ancient stocks were brought to Indonesia by the Chinese Tang dynasty in the 7th century, recorded as being given to Dja-va (Kalingga kingdom), Dva-ha-la, and Dva-pa-tan (Bali). Mongolian horses are probably captured during the Mongol invasion of Java (1293). If this true, the Nusantaran ponies would owe much of its roots to the Mongolian horse as well as horses obtained from other areas of western Asia like India and Turkmenistan.$^{:14}$$^{:60}$
# Robert Snelling

Robert Snelling was one of the two MPs for Ipswich in a number of English parliaments between 1614 and 1626.
He was the only son of a merchant, Robert Snelling, of Whatfield and Ipswich and his wife Alice, the daughter of John Bacon, yeoman, of Great Blakenham. Alice had previously been married to Henry Cutting, yeoman, of Ringshall, Suffolk.
# Robert Mutchell

Robert David Mutchell (born 3 January 1974 in Solihull, England) is an English former footballer.
# CB Ciudad de Huelva

Club Baloncesto Ciudad de Huelva was a professional basketball team based in Huelva, Andalucia. The last season, (2007–08) the team played in LEB Oro.

## History

CB Ciudad de Huelva was founded in 1996. In their first season, they win the LEB League and they are promoted to the 1996-97 ACB League. They only play one year and they are relegated in they play-out.
Ciudad de Huelva continues playing in LEB until 2008, year where they disappear due to the enormous debts. The club was immediately replaced by the new creation CD Huelva Baloncesto.

## Season by season

| Season | Tier | Division | Pos. | W–L | Other cups | Other cups |
| 1996–97 | 2 | LEB | 1st | 24–13 | Copa Príncipe | 3rd |
| 1997–98 | 1 | Liga ACB | 17th | 11–28 | | |
| 1998–99 | 2 | LEB | 9th | 12–17 | | |
| 1999–00 | 2 | LEB | 14th | 9–21 | | |
| 2000–01 | 2 | LEB | 7th | 17–17 | | |
| 2001–02 | 2 | LEB | 6th | 18–17 | | |
| 2002–03 | 2 | LEB | 15th | 13–22 | | |
| 2003–04 | 2 | LEB | 8th | 19–20 | | |
| 2004–05 | 2 | LEB | 4th | 27–16 | Copa Príncipe | SF |
| 2005–06 | 2 | LEB | 16th | 16–21 | | |
| 2006–07 | 2 | LEB | 4th | 21–20 | | |
| 2007–08 | 2 | LEB Oro | 12th | 14–20 | | |
* ↑ Remained in the league after achieving a vacant berth.

## Trophies and awards
### Trophies

* LEB: (1)
** 1997
# Adrian Ion

Adrian Ion (born 9 August 1986) is a Romanian rugby union footballer. He plays the position of flanker.
His father Gheorghe nicknamed Tarzan was also a professional rugby player.

## Club career

He currently plays for and captains CSM București, in the Romanian SuperLiga, transferring in 2013 from Farul Constanța. Before playing for Farul, Ion played for Bucharest side, Dinamo.

## International career

Ion also plays for The Oaks making his international debut in a 2012 test match against Los Leones.
In 2018 he was recalled for the national team for the game against Portugal and November Tests.
In 2019 Ion also was selected for The Oaks and played in Europe Rugby Championship.
Ion captained The Oaks in the wins against Russia and Belgium. Both games count for Europe Rugby Championship 2019 when they finish on 3rd position.
# Chen Yung-Jui

Chen Yung-Jui received his BS in Physics from National Tsing Hua University in 1969 and Ph.D. in Physics at the University of Pennsylvania (1976). After a brief postdoctoral period at Penn, he joined the Advanced Microelectronic Laboratory at McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co. in 1977. From 1980 to 1987, Dr. Chen conducted fiber optical communications related research at GTE Laboratories. During the ten years in industry, he worked on MOS/MNOS VLSI technology, wafer scale integration, Ultra-fast optical spectroscopy, nonlinear optics of semiconductors and organic polymers, integrated optics and optoelectronic devices. In 1987, he moved to academe and became one of the founding faculty members of the Department of Electrical Engineering at University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Dr. Chen is currently the UMBC Presidential Research Professor, a full professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering and the Director of Photonics Technology Laboratory. His group's current research interest covers photonic integrated device design, processing, testing, material sciences and physics, WDM broadband optical communications and networking. Dr. Chen is a fellow of Optical Society of America and Photonics Society of Chinese Americans, senior member of IEEE and member of American Physical Society.
# Acne keloidalis nuchae

Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN), also known as "acne keloidalis", "dermatitis papillaris capillitii", "folliculitis keloidalis", "folliculitis keloidis nuchae", and "nuchal keloid acne",$^{:526}$ is a destructive scarring folliculitis that occurs almost exclusively on the occipital scalp of people of African descent, primarily men.
AKN is characterized by firm pink, flesh-colored or hyperpigmented bumps in the skin, which are usually located on the back of the head or neck. This is mainly because men often cut their hair very low as opposed to women, allowing the hair to prick the occipital scalp thereby causing irritation. Acne keloidalis nuchae most commonly presents itself in individuals aged 13 to 25. The disease is closely related to pseudofolliculitis barbae and both occur frequently in black men in the military, where it is so common that the US Army has developed official protocols for management. Prolonged cases of AKN can cause keloid formation due to chronic irritation from folliculitis. Bacterial folliculitis and acne can mimic the appearance of AKN; however, unlike acne, comedones are not seen with AKN.
Treatments for AKN aim to reduce inflammation and prevent infections and scarring. Therapies for AKN may include topical antibiotics, topical or intralesional corticosteroids, and laser hair removal. Recommended modifications to shaving habits include liberal use of shaving cream, avoidance of stretching the skin while shaving, and use of a single-blade razor rather than a razor with multiple blades.
# María Chinchilla Recinos

María Chinchilla Recinos, commonly known as María Chinchilla, (2 September 1909 – 25 June 1944) was a Guatemalan schoolteacher who was assassinated by the cavalry of General Jorge Ubico while taking part in a peaceful anti-government demonstration. She is honoured as a national heroine.

## Biography

Born in Asunción Mita in the Department of Jutiapa, Chinchilla qualified as a primary school teacher in Jalapa in 1927, the best student in her class. After teaching in Asunción Mita, she moved to Guatemala City in 1932 where she taught in several institutions.
In 1944, the schoolteachers submitted a request for an increase in salary to the country's dictator, General Ubico, while students from San Carlos University called for the university's independence. Discontent increased to such a point that on 25 June 1944, some 300 school teachers dressed in mourning embarked on a peaceful demonstration at the Church of St. Francis (five blocks from the National Palace) calling for freedom, democracy and the resignation of the dictator. Chinchilla, one of the demonstration's organizers, was among those who were killed when the government sent out troops and the cavalry to put an end to the protest. She was buried in the city's main cemetery where her tomb is known as the Panteón del Maestro (Teacher's Pantheon). Chincilla is now regarded as a martyr and national heroine, having brought about Ubico's resignation five days after the demonstration.
On 6 July 1944, the Guatemalan teachers' association Asociación Nacional de Maestros resolved that 25 June would be celebrated annually as the Dia del Maestro (The Schoolteacher's Day) in memory of María Chinchilla Recinos.
# Born Free Entertainment

Born Free Entertainment is an Indian motion picture production company, based in Mumbai. The company was founded in 2011 by Bollywood actress Dia Mirza and director Sahil Sangha. The company's film production Bobby Jasoos, which stars Vidya Balan and Ali Fazal in the leading roles, was released in 2014.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Director |
| 2011 | Love Breakups Zindagi | Sahil Baba Mirza Puri |
| 2014 | Bobby Jasoos | Samar Shaikh |
| 2019 | Mind the Malhotras | Sahil Sangha,Ajay Bhuyan |
# Ruhve

Ruhve is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County in western Estonia.
Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Laimjala Parish.
# Lucienne of Rochefort

Lucienne de Rochefort (1088 – died after 6 May 1137) was the first wife of Louis VI of France. She was married to him before he became king, from 1104 to 1107.
Lucienne de Rochefort was the daughter of Guy II of Rochefort, of the Montlhéry dynasty, and his second wife, Adelais de Crécy.
In 1104, she was betrothed to Louis, oldest son of King Philip I of France. The marriage was arranged to strengthen the ties between the king and her father, who had been appointed seneschal of France. Lucienne and Louis were married for three years, but did not have any children together. According to Abbot Suger of Saint-Denis, who wrote a panegyric in honour of Louis (Vita Ludovici VI), the marriage was not consummated. The marriage was annulled by Pope Paschall I at the Council of Troyes on the grounds of consanguinity 23 May 1107, a year before Louis became king. The reason for the annulment has been the subject of speculation. One theory is that queen Bertrade de Montfort wanted to weaken Louis in order to make her own son, Philip of Mantes, more likely for succession, another was the rivalry of Lucienne's father with the Garlande family, who wished to weaken his position. After her marriage was annulled, Lucienne's father, Guy, and her brother Hugh of Crécy rebelled against Louis.
Lucienne's second husband was Guichard III of Beaujeu (d.1138). With Guichard, Lucienne had the following children:
* Guichard
* Gauthier
* Baldwin of Beaujeu (died young)
* Stephen?
* Alix
* Marie
* a daughter, name unknown, who married Guy I, count of Lyon Forez
* Humbert III of Beaujeu (c.1120-1192), who married Adelaide, a daughter of Amadeus III, Count of Savoy
Lucienne is last mentioned alive on 6 May 1137.
# Hexoplon nigropiceum

Hexoplon nigropiceum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1959.
# Motor Carrier Act

Motor Carrier Act may refer to:
* Motor Carrier Act of 1935, an amendment to the Interstate Commerce Act that regulated bus lines and airlines as public utilities
* Motor Carrier Act of 1980, a law that deregulated the trucking industry
# Brain Trauma Foundation

The Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) was founded in 1986 to develop research on traumatic brain injury (TBI). Since its formation the foundation's mission has expanded to improving the outcome of TBI patients nationwide through working to implement evidence-based guidelines for prehospital and in-hospital care, quality-improvement programs, and coordinating educational programs for medical professionals.

## TBI Guidelines

The Brain Trauma Foundation has developed the Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, first published in 1995 and revised twice, most recently in 2007. The foundation has also developed companion guidelines for pediatric TBI, prehospital management of TBI, early indicators and prognosis of severe TBI, surgical management of TBI, and field management for combat medics. The guidelines seek to create uniformity in TBI care all over the world.
An independent analysis of the effect of the Brain Trauma Foundation's (BTF) guidelines on traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcome and cost savings by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that if the BTF guidelines were used more routinely, there would be a 50% decrease in deaths, improved quality of life and a savings of $262 million in annual medical costs, $43 million in annual rehabilitation costs and a lifetime societal cost of $3.84 billion.
The guidelines have been endorsed by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, the World Health Organization Neurotrauma Committee, and the New York State Department of Health. The guidelines have been distributed to all neurosurgeons in the United States. The guidelines provide medical personnel a protocol which has been proven to improve the survival and outcomes of TBI patients and has been shown to reduce rates of mortality.

## Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring

One of the main facets of the guidelines is the recommendation to monitor intracranial pressure in treating severe TBI patients. This process is called ICP Monitoring.
# Maryland Steamer

The Maryland Steamer automobile was manufactured in Luke, Maryland in 1900 and 1901

## History

The Maryland Automobile Manufacturing company developed a runabout with a two-cylinder vertical steam engine and a chain drive. In December 1900 the factory was blown down by gale-force winds. The factory was insured and production continued in 1901. The Company offered bodies as a Tourist Carriage, Runabout, Surrey, Phaeton, Omnibus, Delivery Wagon and Racing Machine. The company was reported in receivership by May 1901. The factory became a bottling plant.
# Marcha (disambiguation)

Marcha (born 1956) is a Dutch singer and television presenter.
Marcha may also refer to:
* Marcha (newspaper), a former Uruguayan weekly
* La Movida Madrileña, a Spanish countercultural movement
# Hu-Man

Hu-Man is a 1975 French science fiction film directed by Jérôme Laperrousaz.

## Plot

An actor is put in precarious situations while his fear is broadcast to a television audience. The audience's emotions determine whether he is sent to the past or future.

## Cast

* Terence Stamp as Terence
* Jeanne Moreau as Sylvana
* Agnès Stevenin as Viviane
* Frederik van Pallandt as Frédérik
* Franck Schwacke as Frank
* Gabriella Rysted as Gabriella
* Giannis Thomas as L'homme oiseau/Birdman
* Valerie Decaux as L'enfant
* Bob Traynor as Technicien
* Frank Holman as Unknown (uncredited)

## Accolades

| Year | Ceremony/Festival | Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| 1976 | 1st César Awards | César Award | Best Sound | Harrik & Harald Maury | Nominated |
| 1976 | 14th Trieste International Science Fiction Film Festival | Golden Asteroid | Best Film | | Won |
| 1976 | 14th Trieste International Science Fiction Film Festival | Silver Asteroid | Best Actor | Terence Stamp | Won |
# Lucienne de Saint-Mart

Lucienne de Saint-Mart (8 October 1866 in Laval - 28 March 1953 in Laguna Beach, California) was a French painter who for eight years was a court painter for Czar Nicholas II of Russia.

## Biography

Lucienne de Saint-Mart was the daughter of French writer Louis Lemercier de Neuville. She was born in Laval, France in 1866 and trained as a painter from 1880.
Between 1910 and 1918, she was a portrait painter at the court of Nicholas II in Russia, where she painted miniatures of the tsar's children and a portrait of the tsar. She left Russia during the 1917 revolution.
Saint-Mart later lived in the United States, in New York City and New Orleans, before settling in California in 1934
# Hexoplon praetermissum

Hexoplon praetermissum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1870.