OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Science of science policy

Science of science policy (SoSP) is an emerging interdisciplinary research area that seeks to develop theoretical and empirical models of the scientific enterprise. This scientific basis can be used to help government, and society in general, make better R&D management decisions by establishing a scientifically rigorous, quantitative basis from which policy makers and researchers may assess the impacts of the nation's scientific and engineering enterprise, improve their understanding of its dynamics, and assess the likely outcomes. Examples of research in the science of science policy include models to understand the production of science, qualitative, quantitative and computational methods to estimate the impact of science, and processes for choosing from alternative science portfolios.$^{:5}$

## Federal SoSP effort

The federal government of the United States has long been a supporter of SoSP. In 2006, in response to Office of Science and Technology Policy Director John H. Marburger's challenge for a new "science of science policy," the National Science and Technology Council's Subcommittee on Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE) established an Interagency Task Group on Science of Science Policy (ITG) to serve as part of the internal deliberative process of the Subcommittee. In 2008, the SoSP ITG developed and published The Science of Science Policy: A Federal Research Roadmap, which outlined the Federal efforts necessary for the long-term development of a science of science policy, and presented this Roadmap to the SoSP Community. The ITG's subsequent work has been guided by the questions outlined in the Roadmap and the action steps developed at the workshop. Furthermore, since 2007, the National Science Foundation, in support of academic research to advance the field, has awarded grants from the Science of Science and Innovation Policy (SciSIP) program. The SciSIP research supports and complements the Federal SoSP efforts by providing new tools with immediate relevance to policymakers.

## Science of Science and Innovation Policy program

The Science of Science and Innovation Policy (SciSIP) program was established at the National Science Foundation in 2005 in response to a call from John Marburger for a "specialist scholarly community" to study the science of science policy. The program has three major goals: advancing evidence-based science and innovation policy decision making; building a scientific community to study science and innovation policy; and leveraging the experience of other countries.
Between 2007 and 2011, over one hundred and thirty awards were made in five rounds of funding. The awardees include economists, sociologists, political scientists, and psychologists. Some of these awards are already showing results in the form of papers, presentations, software, and data development.
# Harvey Hart

Harvey Hart (March 19, 1928 – November 22, 1989) was a Canadian television and film director and a television producer.
Hart studied at the University of Toronto before being hired by the CBC in 1952. For them he created over 30 television productions, among them several episodes of an anthology series, Festival, like Home of the Brave (1961) and The Luck of Ginger Coffey (1961), adaptations of a 1946 play and 1960 novel.
In 1963 he left the CBC and moved to the United States, where, in the following years, he directed episodes for TV series such as The Alfred Hitchcock Hour and Star Trek, as well as theatrical features, including Bus Riley's Back in Town (1965) and The Sweet Ride (1968).
He moved back to Toronto in 1970 where he directed several feature films, including Fortune and Men's Eyes (1971), The Pyx (1973), Shoot (1976) and Goldenrod (1976), for which he won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Director. In the mid 1970s Hart directed four episodes of Columbo: By Dawn's Early Light (1974), A Deadly State of Mind (1975), Forgotten Lady (1975), and Now You See Him (1976).
He continued splitting his time between film work in Canada and television work in Los Angeles throughout the 1980s. He received a Golden Globe Award for Best Miniseries or Television Film for the mini-series East of Eden (1981) and a Gemini Award for Best Direction in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series for the television crime-drama film Passion and Paradise (1989).
Harvey Hart died of a heart attack in 1989.

## Selected filmography

* The Luck of Ginger Coffey (1961) (TV)
* Dark Intruder (1965)
* Bus Riley's Back in Town (1965)
* Sullivan's Empire (1967)
* The Sweet Ride (1968)
* Fortune and Men's Eyes (1971)
* Mahoney's Last Stand (1972)
* The Pyx (1973)
* Goldenrod (1976)
* Shoot (1976)
* East of Eden (1981) (TV miniseries)
* The High Country (1981)
* Utilities (1983)
* Beverly Hills Madam (1986) (TV)
* Stone Fox (1987) (TV)
* Passion and Paradise (1989) (TV)
# Reginald Harland

Air Marshal Sir Reginald Edward Wynyard Harland, KBE, CB, AE (30 May 1920 – 30 July 2013) was a senior Royal Air Force commander.

## Military career

Educated at Summerfields (Summer Fields School), Oxford, Stowe School and Trinity College, Cambridge, Harland joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1939 before the outbreak of the Second World War. He transferred to the Technical Branch in 1941 and worked at the Royal Aircraft Establishment in Farnborough. Then, in 1942, he became an engineer to No.241 Squadron in Algeria, Tunisia and Italy and, in 1944, went with No.63 Repair and Salvage Unit to Corsica and the South of France before becoming an engineer officer with HQ No. 214 Group in Italy.
After three years at the Air Ministry in London, he was trained as a pilot before going as Chief Engineering Instructor at the RAF Cadet College at Cranwell. He then went on a guided weapons course with the Army at Shrivenham. In 1953 he became Project Officer responsible for the Thunderbird missile at the Royal Aircraft Establishment. After a course at the RAF Staff College, he was posted to Los Angeles as Ballistic Missile Liaison Officer at the USAF Missile Division there.
He became Officer Commanding the Central Servicing Development Establishment at RAF Swanton Morley in 1960, Senior Technical Staff Officer at Headquarters No. 3 Group in 1962 and Air Officer in charge of Engineering at Headquarters Far East Air Force in 1964. He went on to be Project Director for the Harrier Project at the Ministry of Technology in 1967, Air Officer Commanding No. 24 Group in 1970 and Air Officer in charge of Engineering at Headquarters RAF Air Support Command in 1972. He was appointed Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief at RAF Maintenance Command in June 1973 and then Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief at RAF Support Command in August 1973. He was President of the Society of Environmental Engineers from 1974 to 1977. He retired from the RAF in 1977.
In retirement he became a Technical Director with W. S. Atkins. He was a Member of the Board of the Council of Engineering Institutions from 1980 to 1984 and vice-chairman from 1983 to 1984. He stood as a Social Democrat for the constituency of Bury St Edmunds in the 1983 and 1987 elections. He lived in the town and was President of the Bury St Edmunds Society, a local preservation group. He died on 30 July 2013.

## Family

In 1942 he married Doreen Romanis, born in Harley Street, the daughter of the well known surgeon W H C Romanis, and elder sister of comedian Tony Hancock's first wife. Lady Harland died in November 2011.
Sir Reginald and Lady Harland had three sons (one of whom is deceased) and two daughters (one of whom is deceased).
He was the great-nephew of British shipbuilder, Sir Edward Harland, and a relative of geologist, W. Brian Harland.
# Chaffer

Chaffer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Lucy Chaffer (born 1983), Australian skeleton racer
* Ross Chaffer (born 1972), Australian sprint canoeist
* Norman Chaffer (1899—1992), Australian businessman
* Don and Lori Chaffer, founding members of the band Waterdeep
# Altenburg (disambiguation)

Altenburg is a city in Thuringia, Germany.
Altenburg may also refer to:

## People

* Altenburg (surname)

## Places
### Towns and villages

* Altenburg, Missouri, US
* Altenburg, Lower Austria
* Altenburg, a village in Jestetten municipality, Germany
** Altenburg-Rheinau station, a closed railway station that served Altenburg and Rheinau
* Bad Deutsch-Altenburg, Lower Austria
* A hamlet in Märstetten municipality, Thurgau, Switzerland
* A village incorporated into Brugg municipality, Aargau, Switzerland
* A frazione or subdivision in Kaltern an der Weinstraße, South Tyrol, Italy

### Historical

* Division of Altenburg, 1445: a division of lands in Thuringia and Saxony that led to war
* Saxe-Altenburg, a German duchy and state, in present-day Thuringia
* Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, a German duchy related to Saxe-Altenburg (1680–1826)
* Raid at Altenburg (1813), in the War of the Sixth Coalition
Altenburg is the German exonym for the towns of:
* Vecpils, Latvia
* Baia de Criș, Hunedoara County, Romania
* Staré Hrady, Czech Republic
* Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary

### Castles

* Altenburg Castle, Switzerland
* Arnsburg Abbey, the site of mid-12th century Benedictine monastery Altenburg
* Altenburg (Bamberg), castle in Bavaria, Germany
* Altenburg (Heroldsbach), a levelled medieval fortification in Bavaria, Germany
* Heimburg Castle (also known as the Altenburg) in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany

### Other

* Altenburg (Niedenstein), a mountain in Hesse, Germany
* Altenburg (Neuental), a mountain in Hesse, Germany
* Altenburg Abbey, a Benedictine monastery in Altenburg, Lower Austria
* 9336 Altenburg, an asteroid belt discovered in 1991
# Bank of Commerce Building (Oregon City, Oregon)

The Bank of Commerce Building is an historic building in Oregon City, Oregon, United States. In the early 2010s, the building's owners requested urban renewal grant funding in the amount of $40,000 to renovate exterior brick, masonry, and terra cotta, and add awnings and windows. The building houses the restaurants Ingrid's Scandinavian Food and Second Son Kimbap, as of late 2017.
# Scarbro, West Virginia

Scarbro is a census-designated place (CDP) and coal town in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Scarbro is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southwest of Oak Hill. Scarbro has a post office with ZIP code 25917. As of the 2010 census, its population was 486.
The community was named for the fact a large share of the first settlers were named Scarbrough, which was said to recall the English town-name of Scarborough in Yorkshire.
# A. J. Mackenzie

Alexander Johnston Mackenzie (1912 – 7 April 1945) was a Scottish barrister, soldier, and author.

## Life

Mackenzie graduated in law from the University of Edinburgh in 1934 and joined Gray's Inn to train as a barrister, succeeding in Bar examinations in the Trinity term of 1936.
Before the Second World War, Mackenzie made a study of propaganda in totalitarian states, and his book Propaganda Boom (1938) was republished in November 1938 by the Right Book Club. In the work he studied in particular the propaganda of the First World War, the contemporary German Ministry of Propaganda and the Italian Ministry of Popular Culture, and the Soviet Union, and the concerns of other countries about excessive government interference in news and culture. He warned that there was fakery in films, both in the entertainment industry and in newsreels and seemingly factual films. However, he also concluded that propaganda would be "the fourth defence service in any future war".
Mackenzie identifies seven requirements for successful propaganda: repetition, colour, kernel of truth, slogans, specific objective, concealed motive, and timing.
In July 1940, Mackenzie was commissioned into the Gordon Highlanders and became Deputy Assistant of Public Relations to the British 21st Army Group. He was killed at Rheine, Westphalia, in the final weeks of fighting in the European theatre of the war, at which time he was an acting major.

## Select publications

* Propaganda Boom (London: John Gifford, 1938)
# Mareen Kräh

Mareen Kräh (born 28 January 1984 in Spremberg, East Germany) is a German judoka. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's 52 kg event, in which she was eliminated in the second round by Odette Giuffrida.
# Rita Demeester

Rita Bertha Maria Demeester (26 September 1946 – 29 January 1993) was a Belgian poet and writer.

## Biography

She was born at Roeselare. She obtained a degree in social pedagogy from the Catholic University of Leuven. She worked as an educationalist, but started writing when she became unemployed in 1986. Demeester died at Genk in 1993.

## Awards

* 1989 - Rabobank Lenteprijs voor Literatuur for In het spoor van Jim Morrison
# Andrej Jezeršek

Andrej Jezeršek (born 22 March 1982) is a Slovenian skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.
# Michael Cardoza

Michael Edmund Cardoza (born July 6, 1944) is a defense attorney in California. Prior to his criminal defense work, he worked in three of California's District attorney offices: Los Angeles County, San Francisco County, and Alameda County. He currently operates Cardoza Law, a private practice.

## Background

In 1971, Michael Cardoza received his J.D. from McGeorge School of Law. He passed the California Bar the same year, and began practicing as a trial attorney in the District Attorney's Offices of Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Alameda County. He worked as a prosecutor for 14 years before he opened his private practice in 1985. His current practice, Cardoza Law Offices, is located in Walnut Creek, California. Since opening his private practice, Cardoza has worked on cases such as the Scott Peterson trial and the Barry Bonds steroid scandal. Additionally, he acts as a Judge Pro Tem in Santa Clara County and an arbitrator with the Superior Court of San Francisco.
# SS Marietta

A number of steamship have been named Marietta or similarly.
* SS Marietta (1943), a British cargo ship in service 1946–59
* SS Marietta E, A British cargos ships in service 1940–43, torpedoed and sunk by U-160
# Jacques Adam

Jacques Adam (1663 – 12 November 1735) was a French translator.

## Biography

Adam was born at Vendôme, where he was a gifted pupil of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri, he was sent to Paris where, at the age of 14, he assisted Claude Fleury in his research and participated in the production of his classic Histoire ecclésiastique. He became the tutor of the Prince of Conti, and then of his son, who helped him gain membership in the Académie française in 1723.
A scholar of Greek and Hebrew, he translated Athenaeus and also published his works in Greek. In 1712, he also translated Raimondo Montecuccoli's Memorie della guerra from the Italian, helping its author to become better known in Europe. He died in Paris.
D'Alembert said of Jacques Adam:
   Adam was one of those academics little suited, in truth, for the public sphere, but all the more so necessary in private discussions, supporting and strengthening our work by the breadth and variety of their knowledge. This class of colleagues serves, among us, as farmers do in our society at large, nourishing and enlivening all the others; they do not play the most brilliant role, but fulfill the most useful role.
# MV British Cavalier

British Cavalier was a 9,891 GRT tanker that was built in 1942 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) as Empire Cavalier. In 1945, she was sold to the British Tanker Co Ltd and renamed British Cavalier, serving until 1959 when she was scrapped.

## Description

The ship was built by Sir J Laing & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. She was launched on 27 August 1942 and completed in November.
The ship was 482 feet 7 inches (147.09 m) long, with a beam of 68 feet 3 inches (20.80 m) and a depth of 36 feet 1 inch (11.00 m). She had a GRT of 9,891 and a NRT of 5,912.
She was propelled by a 4-stroke Single Cycle Single Action diesel engine which had eight cylinders 25+9⁄16 inches (64.9 cm) diameter by 55+1⁄8 inches (140 cm) stroke. The engine was built by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne.

## History

Empire Castle was built for the MoWT. She was placed under the management of Mungo Campbell & Co Ltd. She was allocated the United Kingdom Official Number 169033. The Code Letters BFCF were allocated and her port of registry was Sunderland.
Empire Cavalier was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War.

### ON 166

Convoy ON 166 departed Liverpool on 11 February 1943 and arrived at New York on 3 March. Empire Cavalier joined the convoy at sea, having departed from Halifax, Nova Scotia.

### HX 229

Convoy HX 229 departed New York on 8 March 1943 and arrived at Liverpool on 23 March. Empire Cavalier was carrying a cargo of aviation fuel.

### HX 313

Convoy HX 313 departed New York on 10 October 1944 and arrived at Liverpool on 24 October. Empire Cavalier was bound for Thameshaven.
In 1945, Empire Cavalier was sold to the British Tanker Co Ltd and renamed British Cavalier. She served until 1957, and was laid up on 13 November at Swansea. On 23 May 1959, she arrived at Briton Ferry for scrapping.
# Boża Wola

Boża Wola may refer to the following places:
* Boża Wola, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Lublin County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Boża Wola, Zamość County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Boża Wola, Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Boża Wola, Subcarpathian Voivodeship (south-east Poland)
* Boża Wola, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Grodzisk Mazowiecki County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Legionowo County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Mińsk County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Radom County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Boża Wola, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
# HMS Rye

Six ships of the Royal Navy have had the name HMS Rye, named after the town of Rye, East Sussex one of the Cinque Ports:
* HMS Rye (1696) was a 32-gun fifth rate launched in 1696. She was rebuilt in 1717 as a 24-gun sixth rate and used as a breakwater from 1727. She was broken up in 1735.
* HMS Rye (1727) was a 24-gun sixth rate launched in 1727 and broken up in 1735.
* HMS Rye (1740) was a 24-gun sixth rate launched in 1740 and wrecked in 1744.
* HMS Rye (1745) was a 24-gun sixth rate launched in 1745 and sold in 1763.
* HMS Rye was to have been a wood screw gunvessel. She was ordered in 1860, but cancelled in 1863.
* HMS Rye (J76) was a Bangor-class minesweeper launched in 1940 and sold in 1948.
# Harold Tetley

Harold Gill Tetley (26 July 1907 – 1 April 1987) was a New Zealand rugby league player and coach who represented New Zealand.

## Playing career

Tetley played for the Richmond Rovers in the Auckland Rugby League competition. Tetley represented Auckland City and Auckland Province, captaining Auckland City in 1936. He played for New Zealand in four Test matches between 1935 and 1938. Tetley was made New Zealand captain in 1937 for the second Test match against Australia.

## Coaching career

Tetley coached the Kiwis on the 1955-56 tour of Great Britain and France.
# Jackson Health System

Jackson Health System is a nonprofit academic medical system in Miami, Florida. It is Governed by the Public Health Trust (a team of citizen who volunteer and act on behalf of the Miami-Dade Board of County Commissioners). Its services include offering, Miami-Dade County's residents, health services based on financial need.
Jackson Health System consists of the following resources:
* Jackson Memorial Hospital
* Jackson South Medical Center
* Jackson North Medical Center
* Holtz Children's Hospital
* Jackson Rehabilitation Hospital
* Jackson Behavioral Health Hospital
* A network of UHealth Jackson Urgent Care centers.
* Multiple primary care and specialty care centers.
* Two long-term care nursing facilities.
* Plus a team of Corrections Health Services clinics.
A new Jackson West Medical Center campus is under development in Doral, Florida.

## Jackson Memorial Hospital

Jackson Memorial Hospital opened in 1918 as a 13-bed community hospital and has grown into an accredited, tax-assisted, tertiary teaching hospital associated with the Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami.
Jackson Memorial Hospital's Miami Transplant Institute is one of the largest transplant centers in the United States. It is one of the only hospitals in Florida to perform every kind of organ transplant for both adult and pediatric patients.
It is also home to Ryder Trauma Center, one of the only adult and pediatric Level 1 trauma centers in Miami-Dade County, and to a designated U.S. Army Forward Surgical Team Training Facility, where military healthcare personnel prepare to treat soldiers injured on the battlefield.
Jackson Memorial Hospital operates a graduate program in conjunction with the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine faculty. This collaborative effort offers patient care, educational programs, research-focused clinical settings, and community services for health-related issues. Jackson North Medical Center maintains an affiliation with the Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine at Florida International University.

## Holtz Children's Hospital

Holtz Children's Hospital specializes in neonatology.

## Governance

Jackson Health System is governed by the Public Health Trust Financial Recovery Board, a group of volunteers that act on behalf of the Miami-Dade Board of County Commissioners. Jackson Health System's current president and chief executive officer is Carlos A. Migoya.

## History

The Public Health Trust of Miami-Dade County, Florida was created by county ordinance effective 1 October 1973 to provide for an independent governing body (the board of trustees or Board) responsible for the operation, governance, and maintenance of designated facilities.
# Ioki Cave

Ioki Cave (伊尾木洞, Iokidō) is a cave located in Aki City, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. The cave is known for its Ghibli-esque scenery.

## Location

Ioki Cave is located near ocean coast and Higashiyama Forest Park. The entrance to the cave is a 5-minute walk from Ioki Station on the Gomen Nahari Line.

## Overview

The cave, which is 40 meters long, and its canyon was formed by the erosion of ocean water 3 million years ago. Shell fossils can be found on the cave walls. A small river flows at the bottom of the canyon. There are tree waterfalls in the canyon and the largest one is located at the end of the trail. This waterfall forms a small blue-green pond. The fauna of the cave includes bats.
The temperature here remains around 20 °C all year, making it the perfect spot for tropical ferns to thrive. The entrance walls are covered with ferns of more than 40 species. The cave's diversity of the plant life was recognized as a National Natural Monument in 1915.

## Gallery

* Entrance
* Ferns
* Canyon walls
* Statue in the cave
* Statue in the cave
# Jurcic

Jurcic may refer to:
* Jurčić (pronounced), Croatian surname
* Jurčič (pronounced), Slovene surname
# SS Marina

SS Marina may refer to a number of ships.
* SS Marina (1900), a Donaldson Line steamship torpedoed in 1916 by U-55.
* SS Marina (1935), a Kaye, Son & Co Ltd steamship torpedoed in 1940 by U-48 in Convoy OB 213. Two of Marina's crew were killed in the explosion.
* SS Marina (1941), C-1-A cargo ship, USMC then A. H. Hull & Co.
* SS Marina (1945), built as SS Empire Antigua. Carried the name Marina shortly before scrapping in 1968.
# Bezi

Bezi is a village in Győr-Moson-Sopron county, Hungary.

## History

The village was founded by Pechenegs. Its first lords were the Bezys, but since the 16th century the Márffy, Cseszneky and Poki families had here noble estates. In the 17th century Péter Pázmány was the most important possessor.

## Education

Lébény Elementary School and Elementary Art School are located in Bezi.
# Bożejewice

Bożejewice may refer to either of two villages in Poland:
* Bożejewice, Mogilno County
* Bożejewice, Żnin County
# Sobčice

Sobčice is a municipality and village in Jičín District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
# Lygropia flavinotalis

Lygropia flavinotalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1912. It is found in Nigeria.