OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saukrieg

The so-called Saukrieg ("Pig War") of 1555–1558 was a feud between John of Carlowitz and Zuschendorf and the Bishop of Meißen, John IX of Haugwitz. During the course of the feud, Carlowitz had 700 pigs, belonging to the bishop's subjects, driven away in order to pursue his claims, which explains the rather unusual name of the feud. The Saukrieg has been described as the last feud "in the spirit of the Middle Ages".
In 1555 the brother of John of Carlowitz, Nicolas II of Carlowitz, Bishop of Meißen, died. He was succeeded by Bishop John IX of Haugwitz. Because of the bishop's inheritance, a dispute arose between him and the dead brother's sons, in particular John of Carlowitz and Zuschendorf.
The Carlowitzes feuded with the new bishop and hunted him out of his residenz at Stolpen. A small body of armed men invaded the villages around Stolpen and Wurzen and caused considerable damage. According to tradition, 700 pasturing swine were alleged to have been driven off.
In 1558, because there was no longer anywhere in his estate where the bishop was safe, he had to flee from his enemy to Prague. Finally the dispute was mediated by Prince-Elector Augustus. According to the settlement agreed, John of Carlowitz was reputedly given 4,000 gulden from the bishop for expenses incurred. With that, the last feud in Saxony came to an end.
In St. Mary's Church, Dohna, is a tomb with a sculpture of the main instigator of this feud, the knight, Sir John of Carlowitz, whose noble line were vassals of the burgraves of Dohna until the downfall of the Burgraviate of Dohna.
# Hergel

Hergel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Knut Hergel (1899–1982), Norwegian actor and theatre director
* Kyle Hergel (born 1999), Canadian-American football player
# Progressive People's Party

Progressive People's Party may refer to:
* Progressive People's Party (Germany), in the late German Empire
* Progressive People's Party (Ghana)
* Progressive People's Party (Liberia)
* Progressive People's Party (Namibia)
* Progressive People's Party (Molise)
* Vikassheel Insaan Party (India)
# Hypotrix vigasia

Hypotrix vigasia is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Veracruz in south-eastern Mexico.
Poole (1989) listed H. vigasia as a synonym of Bombyx agavis Blasquez, 1870; however, the location of the types of Bombyx agavis, if any exist, is unknown and the original paintings (Blasquez, 1870, Figs 6, 9) are not identifiable as a noctuid and may be a cossid.
# Fyre (software)

Fyre, formerly de Jong Explorer, is a cross-platform tool for producing artwork based on histograms of iterated chaotic functions. It implements the Peter de Jong map in a fixed function pipeline through either a GTK GUI frontend, or a command line facility for easier rendering of high-resolution, high quality images. The program was renamed from de Jong Explorer to Fyre simply because 'It wasn't taken yet' and so that in the future, it could support more functions than just the standard Peter de Jong map. Fyre features a sidebar on the left to which the user can input the required variables and on the right is displayed the result of the equation.

## Extra features

* Additional image manipulation tools such as Gaussian blurs and Gamma controls are included in the program. The advantage to using them directly within Fyre is that the image accuracy and quality do not decline.
* Fyre features animation capabilities so that a user can link together several maps and create uncompressed AVIs from them. However, the uncompressed animation files are very large and so should be compressed with a separate tool, such as mencoder.

## Peter de Jong Map

* ${\begin{aligned}x_{n+1}&=\sin(ay_{n})-\cos(bx_{n})\\y_{n+1}&=\sin(cx_{n})-\cos(dy_{n})\end{aligned}}$
For most values of a,b,c and d the point (x,y) moves chaotically. The resulting image is a map of the probability that the point lies within the area represented by each pixel. Therefore, the longer that the user lets Fyre render for, the larger the probability map becomes and the more accurate the resulting image.
# John Coefield

John Coefield (June 18, 1869 – February 8, 1940) was an American labor union leader.
Born in Franklin, Pennsylvania, Coefield completed an apprenticeship as a plumber. He worked in various cities before settling in San Francisco, where he joined the Plumbers', Gas Fitters', and Steam Fitters' Association. In 1903, this union affiliated to the United Association of Journeymen Plumbers, Gas Fitters, Steam Fitters, and Steam Fitters' Helpers of the United States and Canada (UA).
In 1907, Coefield became business agent of the San Francisco Building Trades Council, and vice president of the California Building Trades Council. He became a vice-president of the UA in 1911, and then in 1919 became its president, relocating to Chicago. From 1920, he was also a vice-president of the Metal Trades Department, and in 1929, he became a vice-president of the American Federation of Labor.
Coefield was a supporter of the Republican Party and served as labor chair of the Republican National Committee on several occasions. He died suddenly in 1940, in New York City, after attending a dinner; when found, his body had been robbed.
# Herpetoreas burbrinki

Herpetoreas burbrinki, or Burbrink’s keelback, is a species of natricine snake endemic to China.
# Safam

Safam is an American Jewish rock band from Boston, Massachusetts. Singer-songwriters Dan Funk, Joel Sussman, Robbie Solomon, and Alan Nelson formed the band in 1974.
They have recorded over fifteen albums. These include eleven studio albums, two greatest hits albums, and a double album of Hannukkah and Passover songs.

## Biography

Safam was formed in 1974 in Boston, Massachusetts. Dan Funk, Joel Sussman, and Alan Nelson were members of the Zamir Chorale of Boston, but wanted to try performing outside a choral setting. They met Robbie Solomon when he moved to Boston from Baltimore to attend the Berklee College of Music. They named the group Safam, Hebrew for "moustache", in reference to the facial hair they all had at the time.
Safam initially performed primarily traditional Hasidic and Israeli songs, particularly from the Hasidic Song Festival book, until they discovered Solomon and Sussman's talent at songwriting and began writing original music. One of their most popular original songs, "Leaving Mother Russia", was written by Solomon about the plight of Jewish refuseniks unable to leave the Soviet Union, and was debuted at a 1977 concert at the Hillel House at Rutgers University before appearing on the band's second album, Encore (1978). Years later, while they were performing the song at a rally at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York City, Natan Sharansky, the song's inspiration, came onstage and stood with the band.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the band performed throughout the United States, England, the Caribbean, and Canada. In 2014, they performed at the Baltimore Hebrew Congregation and at Temple Beth Sholom in Fair Lawn, New Jersey.

## Musical style

Influenced by both traditional Jewish music and the American popular music of the 1960s and 1970s, Safam has a wide repertoire of songs and styles, including rock, pop, folk, Dixieland, calypso, Latin, Hasidic, and cantorial music. They have self-identified their sound as "Jewish-American", with member Dan Funk saying, "Our sound is a synthesis of our Jewish and American roots...People walk out feeling good about their Jewishness."

## Members

* Dan Funk – vocals
* Joel Sussman – vocals, piano, synthesizer, guitar
* Robbie Solomon – vocals, guitar, mandolin, flute
* Alan Nelson – vocals, synthesizer

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Dreams of Safam (1976)
* Encore (1978)
* Sons of Safam (1980)
* Bittersweet (1983)
* Peace by Piece (1984)
* A Brighter Day (1986)
* The Greater Scheme of Things (1989)
* The Soul of Jewish America (1992)
* On Track (1993)
* After All These Years (1995)
* In Spite Of It All (1999)

### Compilation albums

* Greatest Hits: Volumes I and II (1991)
* Greatest Hits: Volumes III and IV (2000)

### Holiday albums

* Songs for the Jewish Holidays (1994)
* The Chanukah/Passover Collection (2003)
# Ihagama Unnanse

Ihagama Rathanapala Thero, known as Ihagama Unnanse was a Buddhist monk who was an important character in the independence struggles against the British in Sri Lanka. Although overshadowed by characters like Keppetipola and Madugalle, he was one of the pioneers in the independence struggle that began in 1816.

## Early life

Ihagama Rathanapala thero was born in the village of Ihagama of Harispattuwa in 1793 and was a monk in Malwatte temple when the British colonised the country. He had been a teacher to John D’Oyly, who was instrumental in identifying him after the collapse of the 1818 independence struggle. He was the witness to the last will of Ehelepola written in Mauritius. Accordingly, his lay name is Babasa. People of the village of Ihagama remember the hero "Babasa" as one of their clansman.

## Role in independence struggle

Ceylon was ceded to the British in 1815. However resentment was brewing among the Sinhalese. The earliest attempt to evict them was led by Ihagama Unnanse, whose intention was to enthrone a Siamese prince. The plot was revealed by Ekneligoda and Ihagama Unnanse was arrested with two other monks. He escaped and lived in secrecy until the great rebellion began. Under Duraisamy the newly enthroned King, he became a "Disawe" and was the rebellion's guiding force. The British suppressed the rebellion in 1818. He was caught and initially sentenced to death, but was later exiled to British Mauritius. He was freed in 1832 and returned to Ceylon. He took part in the abortive 1834 conspiracy which was aimed at expelling the British with the aid of France and again exiled to British Mauritius. He was again released and died in Sri Lanka.
# Andrew MacKenzie

Andrew MacKenzie may refer to:
* Andrew Carr MacKenzie (1911–2001), journalist, novelist and parapsychologist from New Zealand
* Andrew Mackenzie (businessman) (born 1956), CEO of BHP Billiton
* Andrew Peter Mackenzie (born 1964), physicist
# Gibberula lachryma

Gibberula lachryma is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae.
# Sigurbjörn Örn Hreiðarsson

Sigurbjörn Örn Hreiðarsson (born 25 November 1975) is a retired Icelandic football midfielder. He retired as Valur's leader in most games played in the Icelandic top-tier Úrvalsdeild karla. He played for Trelleborgs FF from 2000 to 2001.

## Early life

Sigurbjörn was born in Reykjavík, Iceland, but moved to Dalvík when he was 8 years old. He debuted with UMFS Dalvík's senior team in 1990 at the age of 15. In the fall, he moved with his family back to Reykjavík where he started playing with Valur.

## Managing career

In October 2013, Sigurbjörn was hired as the manager of Haukar. In October 2014, Sigurbjörn was hired as an assistant manager to Ólafur Jóhannesson at Valur. In October 2019, he signed a two-year contract to coach Grindavík.
# Progressive Peoples Alliance

The Progressive Peoples Alliance (PPA) is a political party in Nigeria.
The party won gubernatorial elections in 2003 and 2007 in Abia State. The party also won the governorship election in 2007 in Imo State. The Governor of Abia State is Chief Theodore Ahamefula Orji and deputy Comrade Chris Akomas while the Governor of Imo State is Chief Ikedi Ohakim.
In the 21 April 2007 Nigerian National Assembly election, the party won three of the 360 seats in the House of Representatives and one of the 109 seats in the Senate.
Following the April 2007 presidential election, the PPA agreed to join the government of president Umaru Yar'Adua.

## Current party officers

| National Chairman | Chief Peter Ojonugwa Ameh |
| National Secretary | Barr. Kehinde Edun |
| National Treasurer | Mrs. Elizabeth Akpa |
| National Organizing Secretary | Dr. Noah John Abiodun |
| National Legal Adviser | Barr. John Otanwa |
| National Publicity Secretary | Mrs Laura Zarume Tanko |
| National Woman Leader | Na'ama Bullama |
| National Auditor | Mr John Okonedo |
| National Financial Secretary | Barr. Lawrence Adeoye |
| Deputy National Chairman North | Sir Mohammed Inuwa Haruna |
| Deputy National Chairman South | Sir Edwin Okonkwo |
| National Youth Leader | Ralph Gbobor Jack |

## Representation

The party won some seats at the National Assembly in the 2007 Elections. In the Senate, Senator Uche Chukeumerije representing Abia North Senatorial Zone is the only senator from the party.
In the House of Representatives, the party has two members and these are Hon. Nnanna Uzor Kalu, a two-time member and he represents Aba North/South Federal Constituency. He is the Abia Caucus leader at the House of Representatives and the House Chairman, Sub Committee on Anti-Corruption (Independent Corrupt Practices and other Related Matters Commission, ICPC).
The other member is Rt.Hon. Stanley Ohajiruka, a former Speaker of Abia State House of Assembly. He represents Umuahia North/South/Ikwuano Federal Constituency. Mr Ndongo Lukhana a strong Christian power man representing Abiriba community with the party from 2004-2009 until he had a disagreement with the party official and was accused of using his Christianity power against most of the party agenda. He survived assassination late 2010 and his family was targeted as well thereby forcing him to flee the eastern zone with his family.
Also Mrs Maria Udeh Nwachi won under the platform at Ebonyi state House of Assembly while Mr Godwin Ezeemo, Chukwunaenye contested for Anambra State 2017 Governorship election under the platform.
# Geraldine Court

Geraldine Court (born Geraldine Oldenboorn; July 28, 1942 – November 20, 2010) was an American actress.

## Early years

Court was born in Binghamton, New York, but her childhood included living in Nashville and in New Orleans. She received a Frances Fuller Scholarship and studied at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City.

## Career

Court portrayed Jennifer Richard Evans for three years on Guiding Light and played Ann Larimer for almost eight years on The Doctors. She also appeared on the television series As the World Turns, Another World, and All My Children. She was also, during a brief time, a writer for the serial Loving.
On stage, Court performed in national touring productions of Barefoot in the Park, Play It Again, Sam, and The Tender Trap. Her off-Broadway work includes The Lower Depths of Maxim Gorki and Possibilities. On Broadway, she performed in the chorus of Medea.
Court directed plays, including productions for the Greeley Street Theater, Forum at Lincoln Center, Manhattan Theatre Club, and Playwrights Horizon.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Character |
| 1990 | Love Hurts | Laura |

### Television

| Year | Title | Character |
| 1970–72 | As the World Turns | Jennifer Sullivan Ryan Hughes |
| 1973–77 | The Doctors | Dr. Ann Larimer |
| 1979 | Another World | June Laverty |
| 1980-1983 | Guiding Light | Jennifer Richards |
| 1985 | All My Children | Mary Georgia |
| 1987 | Kate & Allie | Woman on the Bench (Episode: "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?") |
# Akiko Honda

Akiko Honda is a Japanese politician who is a member of the House of Councillors of Japan. She was elected in 2019 to the national proportional representation block.

## Biography

She was born on 29 September 1971 in Kumamoto Prefecture and graduated from Hoshi University in 1996.
# Rotary hook

The rotary hook or rotating hook is a bobbin driver design used in lockstitch sewing machines since the 19th century. It triumphed over competing designs because it can run at higher speeds with less vibration. Rotary hooks and oscillating shuttles are the two most common bobbin drivers in use today.

## Operation

The rotary hook continuously rotates in place, hooking the upper thread each time its pointed tip passes the 12 o'clock position. Enough upper thread is pulled from above to pass around the bobbin case, which sits loosely inside the hook frame such that loops of thread can pass completely over it. The excess thread, no longer needed, is then pulled back upward by the sewing machine's take-up arm.
This arrangement is mechanically very simple but also introduces a significant limitation. Since the lower bobbin must pass completely through the upper thread, and the upper thread necessary to complete this passage must be completely withdrawn by the take-up arm, the lower bobbin must either be very small or the take-up arm must have a very long stroke.

## History
### Wilson

The technology was invented by Allen B. Wilson in 1851, in steps. Wilson had just left an unsatisfactory business relationship in order to partner with Nathaniel Wheeler, who was impressed by a model of Wilson's vibrating shuttle machine. Ever since developing the vibrating shuttle, Wilson had been ruminating on a plan for a machine that used a rotating hook combined with a traditional reciprocating bobbin. For this hybrid machine he received patent US 8296, issued 1851-Aug-12 , (reissued as RE914 on 28 February 1860). Knowing that such a machine would surely lead to patent litigation with his former partners who had bought out the patent for the vibrating shuttle, Wilson kept working, and developed a refined design which kept the bobbin stationary. He filed for patent, and the partners built their first production rotary hook machine the same year, selling it for US$35 (US$891 adjusted). The next year patent US 9041, issued 1852-June-15 , was awarded.
The rotary hook design was then called the "Wheeler & Wilson principle" after Wilson's partnership with Wheeler.
Just two years later, in 1853, Scientific American took notice:
    "There are 300 of these machines now in operation in various parts of the country, and the work which they can perform cannot be surpassed.... The time must soon come when every private family that has much sewing to do, will have one of these neat and perfect machines; indeed many private families have them now.... The price of one all complete is $125 [USD3184 adjusted]; every machine is made under the eye of the inventor at the company's machine shop, Watertown, Connecticut, so that every one is warranted ... agreement between Mr. Howe* and Messrs. Wheeler, Wilson & Co., so every customer will be perfectly protected...."
* Mr. Howe is mentioned due to the patent thicket that threatened to put the smaller sewing machine companies out of business.

### White

Later, once the patents had expired, the White Sewing Machine Company used it in the popular White Family Rotary machine.
# John Crossley

John Crossley (16 May 1812 – 16 April 1879) was a Liberal Party politician in the United Kingdom. He served from 1874 to 1877 as MP for Halifax in West Yorkshire.

## Biography

He was the eldest son of John Crossley (1772–1837) and his wife Martha Turner. Crossley was a successful carpet manufacturer, whose business (John Crossley and Sons) became a major employer in Halifax. In the early 1870s he set up the American Linoleum Company at Linoleumville, New York with Frederick Walton, the inventor of linoleum; the company was highly successful.
He was the elder brother of Sir Francis Crossley (1817–1872), who had served as the constituency's MP from 1852 to 1859.

## Honours

A blue plaque was erected by the Halifax Civic Trust.
# SmartFrame

SmartFrame is an online image delivery service and form of digital restrictions management that attempts to prevent viewers from downloading or copying the images it serves, and to discourage them from taking screenshots of such images. It is sold by SmartFrame Technologies, founded in 2015, who describe its methodology as "image streaming". The DRM can be bypassed by end users.

## Clients

Organisations using SmartFrame include:
* Historic England
* Tate
* Coventry University
# Smithfield Commando

Smithfield Commando was a light infantry regiment of the South African Army. It formed part of the South African Army Infantry Formation as well as the South African Territorial Reserve.

## History
### Origin
#### With the Orange River Sovereignty

In 1858, Smithfield was a frontier town between the Sovereignty and the Basotho. It was therefore involved in the Basotho Wars and even could muster its own cannon called "old grietjie."

#### With the Orange Free State Republic

The commando was again involved in the Anglo Boer War most notable being:
* The Battle of Stormberg in 1899,
* The Battle of Biddulphsberg in 1900.

#### With the UDF

By 1902 all Commando remnants were under British military control and disarmed.
By 1912, however previous Commando members could join shooting associations.
By 1940, such commandos were under control of the National Reserve of Volunteers.
These commandos were formally reactivated by 1948.

#### With the SADF

During this era, the unit was mainly used for area force protection, search and cordones and assisting the rural police in stock theft control.

#### With the SANDF
##### Disbandment

This unit, along with all other Commando units was disbanded after a decision by South African President Thabo Mbeki to disband all Commando Units. The Commando system was phased out between 2003 and 2008 "because of the role it played in the apartheid era", according to the Minister of Safety and Security Charles Nqakula.

## Leadership

Leadership :
| From | Honorary Colonels | To |
| From | Commanding Officers | To |
| 1899 | Commandant J Potgieter | nd |
| 1900 | Commandant Jan Le Roux Pieterse | nd |
| From | Regimental Sergeants Major | To |
# Bull River Guard Station

The Bull River Guard Station, also known as Bull River Ranger Station, on the banks of the Bull River near its confluence with the E. Fork Bull River in the Kootenai National Forest, in Sanders County, Montana, was established in 1907. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
The office/residence at the site was built in 1908. It is a one-and-a-half-story log building on a concrete wall foundation. It was built by Granville "Granny" Gordon, said to be "a Wyoming cowboy and 'one of Teddy Roosevelt's "instant rangers"'".
# Smedvik

Smedvik is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Harald Smedvik (1888–1956), Norwegian gymnast
* Ragnvald Smedvik (1894–1975), Norwegian footballer
# Smedvig

Smedvig ASA, ("Smedvig"), (OSE: SME, NYSE: SMVA) was a Norwegian offshore oil rig company headquartered in Stavanger until it was acquired (January 2006) by rig newcomer SeaDrill of tanker mogul John Fredriksen. At time of the merger Smedvig operated two semi submersibles, one drillship and one jack up rig in the Norwegian and British sector of the North Sea. A fleet of seven tender rigs were operated in South East Asia from the Singaporean subsidiary Smedvig Asia. As part of the merger, Smedvig's staff was transferred to Seadrill with Smedvig senior personnel assuming key positions in Seadrill (CEO, CFO etc.). Smedvig was delisted from the OSE and NYSE, while Seadrill is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.

## History

Smedvig started in 1915 as the shipping company Peder Smedvig Shipping Company by Peder Smedvig. Between 1917 and 1959 Smedvig was also in the canning industry. In the 1960s the company entered the oil age with investments in supply ships, oil tankers and in 1973 the first drilling rig. The company acquired multiple rigs throughout the 1970s and 1980s and in 1988 it bought the competitor Dyvi Offshore.
In 1989 the company was reorganised as a holding company for the Smedvig family's drilling operations and in 1990 the company was listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Between 1991 and 1998 the company was also engaged in floating oil production.
In January 2006, Seadrill won a bidding war against U.S. drilling rig company Noble Corporation, and subsequently acquired Smedvig ASA for an equity value of NOK 15 bn (US$2.4 bn). The purchase was Fredriksen's largest deal to date.