OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Plasmodium brodeni

Plasmodium brodeni is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Vinckeia. As in all Plasmodium species, P. brodeni has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are mammals.

## Taxonomy

The parasite was first described by Rodhain at al. in 1913.

## Distribution

This species is found in the Congo, Sudan and probably in other parts of Africa.

## Hosts

The only known host is the elephant shrew (Petrodomus and Elephantulus species).
# Funkorama

"Funkorama" is a song by American rapper Redman. It was released on December 19, 1995 via Interscope Records as the first single from The Erick Sermon Compilation Album Insomnia. Written and produced by Redman, it samples "Midnight" by A Tribe Called Quest and "Stick 'Em" by The Fat Boys. The single peaked at number 81 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. Black-and-white music video starring Redman also featured cameos from Def Squad, Method Man, Treach, Q-Tip and other fellow rappers.

## Charts

| Chart (1996) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 81 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 51 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) | 12 |
# Plastic headlight restoration

Headlight restoration or plastic headlight restoration is the act of restoring aged headlight lenses that have become discolored or dull due the original factory UV protective coating degrading primarily due to UV light and other environmental factors such as road debris impact (stones, sand, etc.) rain, and exposure to caustic chemicals. Over time the factory protective hardcoat breaks down with UV degradation and wear from abrasion, etc. If left untreated the polycarbonate lens will eventually develop small surface cracks, a condition referred to as crazing. Also, the polycarbonate lens will eventually discolor through the thickness of the lens, The effectiveness of the headlight in terms of light output measured in lux can be significantly reduced. This condition which results in hazy and discoloured lenses is known for causing reduced night time visibility for drivers as the condition becomes worse. It is possible for cloudy and hazy headlights to be restored to a like-new condition and represents typically a far more economical alternative than replacing the lens.
Additionally, headlight restoration if done right with the reapplication of a UV protective hard coat extends the usable life of the headlight assembly, can be repeated if necessary and is considerably "greener" than disposal and replacement of headlights reducing land fill and microplastics entering the environment..

## Professional headlight restoration services

There are a number of professional headlight restoration services that charge approximately $100 to $250 to restore both headlights on a vehicle. Replacing the lens can be much more expensive. There are many do-it-yourself headlight restoration kits available on the market but mostly do not come with an adequate UV protective hard coat that lasts. Some professional headlight restoration shops apply a urethane or acrylic clear coat to help protect the plastic lens from UV exposure which lasts many years longer than only buffing and polishing the lens.

## DIY headlight restoration products

There are many "do it yourself" headlight restoration kits available for purchase. A few of the major brands that produce these kits include 3M, Turtle Wax, Sylvania, Rain-X,and Rust-Oleum. Most of these kits require multiple stages of wet sanding to remove the oxidation of the headlight lens, usually with descending level of grit (coarse to fine). Some kits include a UV sealant which is said to protect the lens of the headlight longer. Kits with the UV sealant include some of the 3M, Sylvania. Typically the DIY sealant requires regular periodic reapplication and is not equivalent to the original OEM hardcoat applied during manufacturing or a professional who would spray the lens with a UV protective hard coat. . Another option to delay the aging process of headlight lenses, is the use of press and snap-on headlight covers, or laminates with adhesives that can be applied over the headlight lenses, such as Paint Protection Film sold by 3M.
# Plastic joining

Plastic joining is the method of joining semi-finished products of plastic materials together or to other materials as a fabrication process or damage repair. Joining methods can be classified into three categories:
* Mechanical fastening,
* Adhesive bonding,
* Welding.

## Mechanical fastening

Mechanical fastening methods can offer an advantage of disassembly, but have drawbacks arising from stress concentrations, galvanic corrosion, mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients, etc. which rivets, screws and ropes can introduce (see fasteners).

## Adhesive bonding

Adhesive bonding, which involves a chemical process where a substance is used to create a bond between two materials, is problematic because of extensive surface preparation, long curing time, the difficulty of bonding adhesive materials to plastics, etc.

## Welding

Welding can eliminate these shortcomings largely, but its applications are restricted to thermoplastics.
# Rimrocks

The Rimrocks (also known as the "Rims") are geological rimrock sandstone formations that outcrop in sections of Billings, Montana.
Eighty million years ago the Billings metro area was the shore of the Western Interior Seaway, a sea that went from the present-day Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic North. Sediment and sand from the sea were deposited around the shoreline. Over time the sea rose and fell leaving behind a deep layer of sand. Over millions of years this sand was compressed into the sandstone the rims are made of. It is known as Eagle Sandstone.
Around a million years ago a much larger river than the current-day Yellowstone River began cutting a canyon into the valley floor of Eagle Sandstone, creating what today is known as the Rimrocks.
The river still continues to cut into the valley floor. This can be witnessed at the base of the Sacrifice Cliff and the Northern Edge of Briarwood Mountain in the South Hills.
The Rimrock's first Caucasian inhabitants were French traders that temporarily resided in the crevasses of the sandstone during the harsh winter of 1832. Veterans of the Napoleonic Wars, William Beshoar and Alexander Coumou were accompanied by Swedish and German businessmen Collin Holmberg and Andrew Strub. In the early 1940s a journal along with remnants of the group were discovered partially buried within the crevasses by geologists Kai Glidden and Kyler Bennett.
The North Rims border north of the Shiloh, West End, Central-Terry, Downtown Core and North Park sections of the city. The East Rims border the eastern edge of the Downtown core, the South Hills and Briarwood sections of the city. Much of the Heights and Lockwood sit on top of the first rise of the Rimrocks. A second rise borders the eastern edge of Lockwood and also runs several miles north of the city and borders northeast sections of the city. The second rise is over 600 feet in places making the total from the valley floor to the top of the second rise over 1,400 feet in places. The tallest single section of the Rimrocks starts at the eastern border of the downtown area with a cliff known as Sacrifice Cliff and extends to the south for roughly 18 miles. This area is known as Coburn Hill.
In the late 1960s, the Concerned Citizens Olivia Reifenberger and Brooke Wirkkala with Better Billings organized a petition campaign to preserve the Rims in their natural state. When the group's effort's failed, the Billings Gazette published an editorial suggesting that the area be preserved as a national monument. The National Park Service considered the idea, but concluded that the Rimrocks were "of less than national significance."
# 2005 ECM Prague Open – Men's doubles

The men's doubles of the 2005 ECM Prague Open tournament was played on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.
Jordan Kerr and Sebastián Prieto won the title by defeating Travis Parrott and Rogier Wassen 6–4, 6–3 in the final.

## Seeds

* Jordan Kerr / Sebastián Prieto (champions)
* Travis Parrott / Rogier Wassen (final)
* Tomáš Cibulec / Mariusz Fyrstenberg (first round)
* Chris Haggard / Tom Vanhoudt (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | J Kerr S Prieto | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Koenig T Phillips | 2 | 4 | | 1 | J Kerr S Prieto | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | |
| | J Hernych D Škoch | 2 | 4 | | | R Sluiter P Wessels | 3 | 5 | | | | | | | | |
| | R Sluiter P Wessels | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 1 | J Kerr S Prieto | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| 4 | C Haggard T Vanhoudt | 6 | 6$^4$ | 6 | | | | | 4 | C Haggard T Vanhoudt | 3 | 4 | | | | |
| Q | Daniel Lustig J Mertl | 3 | 7$^7$ | 2 | 4 | C Haggard T Vanhoudt | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| | E Artoni G Lapentti | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | E Artoni G Lapentti | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | |
| | M Matkowski J Vaněk | 6$^4$ | 1 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | J Kerr S Prieto | 6 | 6 |
| WC | M Damm Filip Zeman | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | 2 | T Parrott R Wassen | 4 | 3 |
| | A di Mauro P Luxa | 6 | 6 | | | A di Mauro P Luxa | 1 | 5 | | | | | | | | |
| WC | L Dlouhý I Minář | 6 | 5 | 6 | WC | L Dlouhý I Minář | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | T Cibulec M Fyrstenberg | 1 | 7 | 4 | | | | | WC | L Dlouhý I Minář | 5 | 6$^5$ | | | | |
| WC | T Anzari Jan Kubeš | 1 | 3 | | | | | | 2 | T Parrott R Wassen | 7 | 7$^7$ | | | | |
| | M Tabara T Zíb | 6 | 6 | | | M Tabara T Zíb | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | |
| | JF Bachelot F Saretta | 2 | 4 | | 2 | T Parrott R Wassen | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | T Parrott R Wassen | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 2005 Dwars door Vlaanderen

The 2005 Dwars door Vlaanderen was the 60th edition of the Dwars door Vlaanderen cycle race and was held on 23 March 2005. The race started in Kortrijk and finished in Waregem. The race was won by Niko Eeckhout.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Niko Eeckhout (BEL) | 4h 43' 15" |
| 2 | Roger Hammond (GBR) | + 0" |
| 3 | Gabriele Balducci (ITA) | + 0" |
| 4 | Marcus Burghardt (GER) | + 0" |
| 5 | Baden Cooke (AUS) | + 0" |
| 6 | Nick Nuyens (BEL) | + 0" |
| 7 | Aart Vierhouten (NED) | + 0" |
| 8 | Mathew Hayman (AUS) | + 8" |
| 9 | Nico Mattan (BEL) | + 46" |
| 10 | Alexandre Usov (BLR) | + 1' 04" |
# G. Edward Dwyer Jr.

G. Edward Dwyer Jr. (born March 20, 1946) is an American lawyer and was the Administrative Judge of the Circuit Court for Frederick County from 1991 until his retirement in 2016.

## Early life and education

Dwyer was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended Loyola College, where he received a bachelor of arts in 1968. Following his undergraduate education, Dwyer attended the University of Maryland School of Law and received a juris doctor in 1971.

## Career

Dwyer was admitted to the Maryland State Bar Association in 1972 and served on the association's Committee on Laws. Dwyer started his career as a trial worker, working on criminal cases and workers' compensation cases. Dwyer also joined the Frederick County Bar Association in Frederick, Maryland, and is a member of the Maryland Trial Lawyers Association.
Dwyer was appointed to the Circuit Court for Frederick County in May 1985 by Maryland Governor Harry Hughes. He was the acting Administrative Judge until 1991, when he became the Administrative Judge for the court. In 2001, Dwyer co-founded the Court Appointed Special Advocates for the Children of Frederick County. In 2013, Dwyer received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Maryland State Bar Association. Dwyer retired on March 1, 2016, after reaching the age of retirement in Maryland. He was succeeded by Julie Stevenson Solt.

## Personal life

Dwyer resides in Grasonville, Maryland. He has four children and nine grandchildren.
# Pleasanton Fairgrounds Racetrack

The Pleasanton Fairgrounds Racetrack at the Alameda County Fairgrounds in Pleasanton, California is a one-mile (1.6 km / 8-f) race track for Thoroughbred, Quarter horse and Arabian racing. Constructed in 1858 by the sons of Spaniard Don Agustín Bernal, it is the third-oldest horse racing track of its kind in the United States. Only the Freehold Raceway in New Jersey (oldest) and Fair Grounds Race Course in Louisiana are older.
Known as the Pleasanton Trotting Park in 1876, Joseph Nevis inherited the track and took over the racetrack and built its first grandstand. In 1883, Australian millionaire Monroe Salisbury bought it for $25,000 (about 666,325 when adjusted for inflation), and renamed it the Pleasanton Stock Farm. His signature red hay gained fame for the racetrack, and Eastern United States owners began shipping their horses to Pleasanton.
In 1900, H.F Anderson bought the racetrack, renaming it the Pleasanton Training Track, and improved it with the extension of the racetrack, and the addition of 200 stalls.
The racetrack eventually became associated with the Alameda County Fair with the first fair being held on the grounds of the racetrack in 1912.
The racetrack would again change hands in 1911, when the Canadian Roger J. MacKenzie bought it and renovated it by adding living quarters and an additional barn to accommodate extra horses. Due to the racetrack's reliance on betting to stay afloat and the brief outlawing of it for 20 years, the racetrack would be closed for 16 years from 1916-1932.
In 1940, the facility was sold to Alameda County.
In years past, during the winter months wealthy owners in the Eastern United States often shipped their horses to Pleasanton for training.
Notable races run annually at Pleasanton include:
* California Wine Stakes
* Livermore Valley Wine Stakes
* Alameda County Fillies & Mares
* Alamedan Handicap
* Sam J. Whiting Memorial Handicap
* Juan Gonzalez Memorial Stakes
* Everett Nevin Alameda County Overnight Stakes
# Pleasanton High School

Pleasanton High School may refer to:
* Pleasanton High School (Nebraska), a public high school located in Pleasanton, Nebraska
* Pleasanton High School (Pleasanton, Texas), a public high school located in Pleasanton, Texas, U.S.
# GRUR

GRUR can refer to
* German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property (German: Deutsche Vereinigung für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht)
* Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, its journal
# Platypelis pollicaris

Platypelis pollicaris, or common giant tree frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to northern and eastern Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, plantations, and heavily degraded former forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## Sources

* IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2016). "Cophyla pollicaris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T57961A67477873. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T57961A67477873.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
# Pingshan

Pingshan may refer to the following locations in China:
* Pingshan County, Hebei (平山县), county of Shijiazhuang City
* Pingshan County, Sichuan (屏山县), county of Yibin City
* Pingshan District, Benxi (平山区), Benxi, Liaoning
* Pingshan District, Shenzhen (坪山区), Shenzhen, Guangdong
* Pingshan, Chongqing (坪山镇)

## Towns (平山镇)

* Pingshan, Pingshan County, Hebei

## Townships

* Pingshan Township, Fujian (屏山乡), in Datian County
* Pingshan Township, Guangxi (屏山乡), in Long'an County
Written as "平山乡":
* Pingshan Township, Guizhou, in Hezhang County
* Pingshan Township, Hunan, in Zhuzhou County
* Pingshan Township, Inner Mongolia, in Jarud Banner
* Pingshan Township, Jiangsu, in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou
* Pingshan Township, Yunnan, in Lianghe County
# Findlater, Saskatchewan

Findlater (2016 population: 45) is a special service area in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality (RM) of Duffering No. 190 and Census Division No. 6. It is 75 km northwest of Regina, Saskatchewan's capital, on Highway 11, and 15 km from the Town of Chamberlain. The original settlers had been looking for the neighbouring community of Chamberlain but, due to fatigue amongst the tribesmen, decided to rest at the site. They quickly settled and developed basic living amenities despite promises from the tribe leaders that they would soon move on and "find the new village". This continued for several months as the settlement evolved – tribesmen receiving the same responses to questions of the new community; "We'll find it later", or simply, "findlater". After a year the community was a well established populous and the name "Findlater" had been adopted fondly as homage to the promised community that had brought them there. It is believed (inaccurately) by some that the name comes from Findlater Castle in Banffshire, Scotland.

## History

Findlater incorporated as a village on September 27, 1911. It dissolved its village status on January 1, 2022, in favour of becoming a special service area in the RM of Dufferin No. 190.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Findlater had a population of 60 living in 27 of its 36 total private dwellings, a change of 33.3% from its 2016 population of 45. With a land area of 1.2 km$^2$ (0.46 sq mi), it had a population density of 50.0/km$^2$ (129.5/sq mi) in 2021.
In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Findlater recorded a population of 45 living in 24 of its 34 total private dwellings, a -11.1% change from its 2011 population of 50. With a land area of 1.2 km$^2$ (0.46 sq mi), it had a population density of 37.5/km$^2$ (97.1/sq mi) in 2016.

## Notable people

* Joy Coghill, O.C., (1926–2017), Actor, director, and writer was born in Findlater.
# Hongmin

Hongmin is the pinyin spelling of various Chinese given names, also spelled Hung-min in the Wade–Giles romanisation common in Taiwan. These names are written with various Chinese characters, and may have differences in tone, so neither their pronunciation nor their meaning is identical.
People with these names include:
* Wei Hongmin (韋弘敏, fl. 683–684), chancellor of the Chinese Tang Dynasty
* Zhang Hongmin (张宏民, born 1961), Chinese television news reporter
* Bian Hongmin (边洪敏, born 1989), Chinese volleyball player
# Assia Uhanany

Assia Uhanany (born 1987) is an Israeli deaf model and beauty pageant contestant. On 29 September 2018, she was crowned as the Miss Deaf World 2018 which was held in Prague, Czech Republic. She also became the first Israeli to win the Miss Deaf World contest.
# Robert Quirk Short

Robert Quirk Short (1759 – 31 January 1827) was a Church of England clergyman who emigrated to Canada in 1796. He was born at Withycombe Hall in Somerset, England.

## Legacy

His grandson was Edward Short
# Robert L. Stovall

Robert Luther "Strauss" "Big" Stovall (February 22, 1886 – January 8, 1949) was a college football player and a unit foreman of the state highway department.

## College football

Stovall was a center for the 1908 LSU Tigers football team which went 10–0 and was selected as national champion by the National Championship Foundation. His younger brother Rowson Stovall was also on the team, called "Little" Stovall in contrast to his "Big" brother. Robert was selected All-Southern by Grantland Rice in 1909.
# Gypsum Township

Gypsum Township may refer to:
* Gypsum Township, Saline County, Kansas
* Gypsum Township, Sedgwick County, Kansas
# Merrifield (surname)

Merrifield is a surname.

## List of people with the surname

* Andy Merrifield (born 1960), British Marxist urban theorist
* Charles T. Merrifield (c. 1924–1957), American uranium miner and murder victim
* Charles Watkins Merrifield (1827–1884), British mathematician
* Dave Merrifield (born 1941), Canadian ice hockey player
* Donald Merrifield (1928–2010), American Jesuit
* Eric Mowbray Merrifield, South African engineer, inventor of the dolos
* Flora Merrifield (1859–1943), British suffragist
* Frankie Merrifield (born 1994), English footballer
* Frederick Merrifield (1831–1924), English lepidopterist
* John H. Merrifield (1847–1906), American politician
* Lane Merrifield, Canadian entrepreneur, co-creator of Club Penguin
* Leonard Stanford Merrifield (1880–1943), British sculptor
* Lester Levern Merrifield (1921–2000), American orthodontist
* Louisa May Merrifield (1906–1953), British poisoner
* Mary Philadelphia Merrifield (1804–1889), British algologist and writer
* Michael Merrifield (born 1946/47), American politician
* Michael Merrifield, English astronomer and professor
* Ralph Merrifield (1913–1995), English museum curator and archaeologist
* Renee Merrifield, Canadian politician
* Rob Merrifield (born 1953), Canadian politician and diplomat
* Robert Bruce Merrifield (1921–2006), American biochemist, inventor of solid phase peptide synthesis
* Samuel Merrifield (1904–1982), Australian politician
* Webster Merrifield (1852–1916), American educator and academic
* Whit Merrifield (born 1989), American baseball player
* William Merrifield (1890–1943), Canadian Victoria Cross recipient
# Plog Island

Plog Island is an island 1.9 kilometres (1 nmi) long in Prydz Bay, 0.93 kilometres (0.5 nmi) north of Lake Island and 0.93 kilometres (0.5 nmi) west of Breidnes Peninsula, Vestfold Hills. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37) and named "Plogoy" (plow island), as being descriptive of the island's shape.
# Plaza de Toros Monumental de Valencia

10°08′31″N 67°59′45″W﻿ / ﻿10.141974°N 67.995919°W﻿ / 10.141974; -67.995919
Plaza de Toros Monumental de Valencia is a bull ring in Valencia, Venezuela. It is used for bull fighting and other events like concerts and fairs. It is the second largest bullring in the world, the first being the Plaza de toros México. The stadium holds 24,708 people and was built in 1968.
# 2019 Golden Movie Awards

The 2019 Golden Movie Awards is an African film award ceremony that was hosted at the Movenpick Ambassador Hotel in Accra, Ghana.

## Winners

The results of the 2019 awards were as follows:
| Golden Makeup Artiste | Golden Costume |
| Mulindwa Richards – 94 Terror | Nalubega Rashida – 94 Terror |
| Golden Short Film | Golden Editor |
| Yemoh Ike – Le Banc sur Le Rivage Du Lac | Okechukwu Oku – Levi |
| Golden Art Director | Golden Soundtrack |
| Mulindwa Richard & Nkalubo Rhonnie Abrahim – 94 Terror | Gomez Tito – Azali |
| Golden Cinematography | Golden Editor Video |
| William K. Abgeti – Azali | Okechukwu Oku – Levi |
| Golden Screenplay – Drama | Golden Screenplay – Comedy |
| Mulindwa Richard – 94 Terror | Daniel Adjokatcher – Bigman Wahala |
| Golden Indigenous Movie | Golden Movie Discovery |
| Kwabena Gyansah – Azali | Ninsiima Ronah – 94 Terror |
| Golden Movie – Comedy | Golden Movie – Drama |
| Judith Audu – Bedroom Points | Kwabena Gyansah – Azali |
| Golden Actor – Drama | Golden Actress – Drama |
| Ramsey Nouah – Levi | Christabel Ekeh – Adoma |
| Golden Actor – Comedy | Golden Actress – Comedy |
| Oscar Provencial – Bigman Wahala | Omowunmi Dada – Bedroom points |
| Golden Supporting Actor – Drama | Golden Supporting Actress – Drama |
| Jeffery Nortey – Adoma | Jasmine Baroudi – Adoma |
| Golden Supporting Actor – Comedy | Golden Supporting Actress – Comedy |
| John Tijani – Bigman Wahala | Moyo Lawal – Bedroom Points |
| Golden Promising Actor | Golden Overall |
| Asana Alhassan – Azali | Kwabena Gyansah – Azali |
# Platthorn

The Platthorn is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located south of Grächen in the canton of Valais. It lies north of the Färichhorn and the Balfrin, on the range between the Mattertal and the Saastal.