OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shimonogō Site

The Shimogō Site (下之郷遺跡, Shimogō iseki) is an archaeological site containing the ruins of a Yayoi period fortified settlement, located in what is now part of the city of Moriyama, Shiga Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2002.

## Overview

The Shimogō site is located in the central part of alluvial lowland of the lower Yasu River. One of the largest Yayoi settlements yet discovered, it was surrounded by six rings of moats. The initial discovery of the settlement was in 1980, when fragments of Yayoi pottery were found during construction of sewerage works. In 1984, the remains of a triple set of moats was discovered during road construction. These moats had a width of five meters and depth of approximately 1.5 meters. In 1997, an additional set of moats were discovered in the northeast quadrant of the site, forming an outer set of defenses. The innermost of these outer moats had a width of eight meters and depth of two meters. In 2001, traces of this outer set of moats was discovered on the western edge of the site as well. The area of the settlement enclosed by the inner moats is approximately 330 meters east-to-west by 260 meters from north-to-south, or approximately 70,000 square meters. When the outer moats are taken into consideration, the size of the settlement becomes 600 meters from east-to-west by 330 meters north-to-south, or 220,000 square meters.
The settlement itself also contains an innermost most, measuring 75 meters east-to-west by 100 meters north-to-south, with the foundation of a very large building in the center. This building was a raised-floor building, built with pillars sunk directly into the ground, and has been rebuilt at least five times. It s believed to have been a palace or used for meetings or ceremonial purposes. All of the other building traces at the site are raised-floor structures, and unusually, no pit dwellings appear to have been built. In addition to Yayoi earthenware, a large number of wooden artifacts, woven baskets and stone tools have been excavated from the site. Since the site has a high groundwater level, much organic material, including plant seeds and animal bones have been preserved. DNA analysis of excavated rice revealed that it was a tropical species, which is not cultivated in modern Japan. Dendrochronology of some wooden artifacts yielded a date of 223 BC.
On the west side of the village, part of the moat that was backfilled to form a bridge with a width of three meters.This appears to have been the entrance to the village, and there are traces of fences and gate posts. In the surroundings of this bridge, many fragments of bronze swords, ground stone tools, broken bows, wooden shields, and arrow or spearheads have been excavated, suggesting that there was once a large-scale armed conflict at the entrance of the village.
The site is approximately 24 minutes on foot from the JR West Biwako Line Moriyama Station and is now an archaeological park with a museum.
# Hitched (1971 film)

Hitched is a 1971 American comedy Western television film.

## Plot

A young married couple struggles in the new west.

## Cast

* Sally Field as Roselle Bridgeman
* Tim Matheson as Clare Bridgeman
* Neville Brand as Banjo Reilly
* Slim Pickens as Sam / Bart Dawson
* John Fiedler as Henry
* Denver Pyle as Ben Barnstable
# Bogdan Doroftei

Bogdan-Andrei Doroftei (born 13 November 1995) is a Romanian rugby union football player. He plays as a lock for professional SuperLiga club Steaua București.

## Career

Before playing for Steaua, Bogdan Doroftei played for CSS Bârlad.
# Antennaria (beetle)

Antennaria is a genus of in the beetle family Carabidae. There are at least four described species in Antennaria, found in Australia.

## Species

These four species belong to the genus Antennaria:
* Antennaria crassicornis (W.J.MacLeay, 1888)
* Antennaria doddi (Sloane, 1905)
* Antennaria ioscelis (Hope, 1842)
* Antennaria sparsimpilosa (W.Horn, 1913)
# Hans Ussing

Hans Henriksen Ussing (30 December 1911 – 22 December 2000) was a Danish scientist, best known for having invented the Ussing chamber.
In the early 1950s Ussing was the first to describe the mechanism by which ions are actively transported across frog skin.
He studied biology and geography at the University of Copenhagen. In 1943 he received his master's degree (with honors).
In 1970 he was awarded the Amory Prize of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
# Adamov (Kutná Hora District)

Adamov is a municipality and village in Kutná Hora District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The name is derived from the personal name Adam.

## Geography

Adamov is located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Kutná Hora and 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Pardubice. It lies in the Upper Sázava Hills. The highest point is at 381 m (1,250 ft) above sea level. The municipality is situated on the left bank of the Brslenka Stream.

## History

Adamov was founded by Count Jan Adam Auersperg in 1784 and named after him. It was built in the woods as one of the oldest Czech workers' colonies, and most of the houses were made of wood. The inhabitants of the village worked in the textile factory in Tupadly and in the winter they also cut wood.
Adamov was originally an administrative part of Bratčice. From 1960 to 1990, it was part of Tupadly. Since 1990, it has been a separate municipality.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 464 | — |
| 1880 | 471 | +1.5% |
| 1890 | 463 | −1.7% |
| 1900 | 457 | −1.3% |
| 1910 | 404 | −11.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 375 | −7.2% |
| 1930 | 301 | −19.7% |
| 1950 | 231 | −23.3% |
| 1961 | 226 | −2.2% |
| 1970 | 198 | −12.4% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 152 | −23.2% |
| 1991 | 122 | −19.7% |
| 2001 | 113 | −7.4% |
| 2011 | 112 | −0.9% |
| 2021 | 131 | +17.0% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

Adamov is poor in cultural monuments. The oldest building in the village is the former inn No. 19, which was built at the beginning of the 19th century. There is also a small wooden belfry from 1919.
# Air trapping

Air trapping, also called gas trapping, is an abnormal retention of air in the lungs where it is difficult to exhale completely. It is observed in obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Air trapping is not a diagnosis but is a presentation of an illness, and can be a guide to the appropriate differential diagnosis.

## Measurement and function

Exhaled volumes are measured by a pulmonary function test or simple spirometry, leading to an elevated residual volume and a measurement of forced expiratory volume. Air trapping is often incidentally diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) scanning. On expiratory films, retained hyperlucent gas will be visualised in cases of air trapping.
Air trapping represents poorly aerated lung, but on its own is clinically benign. It is a common problem for smokers who dive. On diving the lung volume collapses and pushes air into the poorly aerated regions. On arising from a deep depth, these air-trapped areas of lung expand. This places great pressure on the lung tissue which can rupture.
# Harbour Islets

The Harbour Islets are a group of two adjacent small rocky islands, joined at low tide, part of Tasmania’s Trefoil Island Group, lying close to Cape Grim, Tasmania's most north-westerly point, in Bass Strait, with a combined area of 3.13 ha, in south-eastern Australia.

## Fauna

The islets form part of the Hunter Island Group Important Bird Area. Recorded breeding seabird and shorebird species include little penguin, short-tailed shearwater, white-faced storm-petrel, Pacific gull, silver gull, sooty oystercatcher, pied oystercatcher and Caspian tern. The mudflats exposed at low tide form a roosting site for waders.
# Majewskia

Majewskia is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the single species Majewskia japonica.
# Beacon, Western Australia

Beacon is a town in Western Australia, in the Shire of Mount Marshall. It is 42 km (26 mi) north of Bencubbin and 333 km (207 mi) northeast of Perth by road.
It is on the northeast border of the Wheatbelt region with agriculture being one of the major occupations in the area. The surrounding areas produce wheat and other cereal crops. The town is a receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling.

## History

The first European to explore the area was John Septimus Roe in 1836.
Shepherds were known to frequent the area in the 1870s to feed on the open grasslands, they were followed by sandalwood cutters in the 1880s.
In 1889 the surveyor H King explored and charted the region and shortly afterward land was opened up for agriculture around Bencubbin.
More surveyors went to work in 1921 making 1,000 acres (405 ha) blocks and the earliest settlers in Beacon acquired farmland in 1922.
The town is named after a local geographical feature called Beacon Rock, the name of the town, in 1929, was supposed to be Beacon Rock. The rock part of the name was dropped some time later and the townsite of Beacon was gazetted in 1931.
Beacon was connected to the narrow gauge railway system on 27 April 1931 through the Burakin to Bonnie Rock railway line.
In 1932 the Wheat Pool of Western Australia announced that the town would have two grain elevators, each fitted with an engine, installed at the railway siding.
# Moment to Moment (Houston Person album)

Moment to Moment is an album by saxophonist Houston Person which was recorded in 2010 and released on the HighNote label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| All About Jazz | |
In his review on Allmusic, Ken Dryden states "In his mid-seventies at the time of this record date, tenor saxophonist Houston Person shows no signs of slowing down; he's accompanied here by musicians who are, for the most part, at least a generation younger. Person's lush tone is a major part of the standards of the date". On All About Jazz, Greg Simmons noted "Those expecting a deeply relaxed, background-music affair may be in for a mild surprise. Person hasn't suddenly become a hyper-aggressive free-jazz screamer, but the disc opens at a quick pace and returns to it periodically throughout ... Moment to Moment has everything to be expected in a Houston Person album, then adding a little bit more, making it another fine entry in Person's string of excellent HighNote releases".

## Track listing

* "Bleeker Street" (Houston Person) – 3:57
* "I Cover the Waterfront" (Johnny Green, Edward Heyman) – 5:56
* "Moment to Moment" (Henry Mancini, Johnny Mercer) – 4:45
* "Freight Dance" (Ray Brown) – 4:33
* "Don't Take Your Love from Me" (Henry Nemo) – 6:09
* "E Nada Mais" (Durval Ferreira, Luís Fernando de Oliveira Freire) – 4:49
* "Just the Way You Are" (Billy Joel) – 6:12
* "Back in New Orleans" (Michael Dees) – 6:04
* "All My Life" (Sam H. Stept, Sidney D. Mitchell) – 3:31
* "Love Won't Let Me Wait" (Vinnie Barrett, Bobby Eli) – 5:47
* "Nina Never Knew" (Louis Alter, Milton Drake) – 3:51

## Personnel

* Houston Person – tenor saxophone
* Terell Stafford – trumpet (tracks 1–4 & 6–11)
* John Di Martino – piano
* Randy Johnston – guitar (tracks 1, 5–8, 10 & 11)
* Ray Drummond – bass
* Willie Jones III – drums
# Nicolas Ernest Marie Maurice Jeandin

Nicolas Ernest Marie Maurice Jeandin (3 February 1886 – 2 August 1956) was a French colonial official who was Governor General of Pondicherry during the period immediately following the liberation of France (1944). He was born in Paris, the son of Ernest Camille Nicolas Jeandin Marie Estelle Mathiot. He died in Nice.
# Heroic Age (literary theory)

Some 20th-century studies of oral poetry and traditional literature postulate Heroic Ages as stages in the development of human societies likely to give rise to legends about heroic deeds. According to some theorists, oral epic poetry would originate during an Heroic Age, and would be transmitted, by singers who displayed less creativity, through later periods. Scholars who adopted Heroic Age theories include:
* Maurice Bowra (1898–1971)
* Hector Munro Chadwick (1870–1947) and Nora Kershaw Chadwick (1891–1972)
A widely-shared view was that each society would pass through a Heroic Age only once. This apparently explains why, in the Chadwicks' survey of world-wide oral and traditional poetry, The Growth of Literature (published 1932–1940), medieval European epics such as the French Chansons de geste and the Spanish Cantar de Mio Cid are omitted: those societies are taken to have passed through a Heroic Age earlier.
Bryan Hainsworth has suggested that in the various so-called Heroic Ages named by modern scholars "what is described is a by-product ... of the tendency of heroic poetry to congeal into cycles, often ... around a signal event".
Conventionally, Heroic Ages may feature martial aristocratic and monarchical societies, with values focused on honor, reputation, bravery, generosity and friendship.

## Historicity of the Ages

Oral tales have been formed into classic literature centuries later, so that the historicity of the events is left to uncertainty. The Greek Heroic Age as described in the Iliad is dated to historic events in 1460 to 1103 BC according to the chronology of Saint Jerome.
The Germanic Heroic Age as reflected in the Nibelungen can be dated to the 5th century picking up scenes from the foundation of Germanic kingdoms in Western Europe near the end of the first phase of the Völkerwanderung. The literature characters may refer to the historic Brunhilda (543–613) and Gundobad (480–516).
The Tamils of South India have an extensive literature describing their Heroic Age (the Sangam period). The Sangam poems share common themes with their Greek and German counterparts, such as glory, victory, fate and honour. The Sangam age is dated to between the 3rd century B.C.E and 2nd century C.E. However, the events described have been transmitted orally from an earlier period. This is evidenced by the oral nature of the poems which (like the Iliad and Odyssey) use epithets and other metrical devices common in oral poetry.
# Kari Heiskanen

Kari Heiskanen (born 16 March 1955) is a Finnish actor. He appeared in more than seventy films since 1978.

## Selected filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1985 | Calamari Union | |
| 1999 | Ambush | |
| 2007 | The Year of the Wolf | |
| 2008 | Three Wise Men | Errki |
# Heliocidaris

Heliocidaris is a genus of sea urchins, part of the family Echinometridae.

## Characteristics

This genus is typical of west Pacific Ocean (Japan to New Zealand), in particular in Australia. Some species are edible.

## List of species

This genus contains 6 extant species and 1 fossil :
* Heliocidaris australiae (A. Agassiz, 1872)
* Heliocidaris bajulus (Dartnall, 1972)
* Heliocidaris crassispina (A. Agassiz, 1863)
* Heliocidaris erythrogramma (Valenciennes, 1846)
* Heliocidaris ludbrookae Philip, 1965 †
* Heliocidaris robertsi Lindley, 2004
* Heliocidaris tuberculata (Lamarck, 1816)
* Heliocidaris erythrogramma
* Heliocidaris tuberculata
# Air transport agreement

An air transport agreement (also sometimes called an air service agreement or ATA or ASA) is a bilateral agreement to allow international commercial air transport services between signatories.
The bilateral system has its basis under the Chicago Convention and associated multilateral treaties. The Chicago Convention was signed in December 1944 and has governed international air services since then. the convention also has a range of annexes covering issues such as aviation security, safety oversight, airworthiness, navigation, environmental protection and facilitation (expediting and departure at airports).
In 1913, in what was probably the earliest such agreement, a bilateral exchange of notes was signed between Germany and France to provide for airship services.
One of the first ATAs following World War II was the Bermuda Agreement, which was signed in 1946 by the United Kingdom and the United States. Features of this agreement became models for the thousands of such agreements that were to follow, although in recent decades some of the traditional clauses in such agreements have been modified (or "liberalized") in accordance with "open skies" policies adopted by some governments, notably the United States.
In principle all ATAs should be registered by the International Civil Aviation Organization in DAGMAR, the ICAO's Database of Aeronautical Agreements and Arrangements, but this source is not absolutely comprehensive.
Air service agreements (ASA) are formal treaties between countries – accompanying memoranda of understanding (MoU) and exchanges of formal diplomatic notes. It is not mandatory to have an ASA in place for international services to operate, but the cases where services exist without treaty are rare.
ASAs cover the basic framework under which airlines are granted economic bilateral rights to fly two countries. The frequency, the designated airlines of the two signing countries, origin and intermediate points, traffic rights, type of aircraft and tax issues are normally covered by MoUs.
# Richmond, Queensland (Mackay Region)

Richmond is a north-western suburb of Mackay in the Mackay Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Richmond had a population of 852 people.

## Geography

Although officially gazetted as a suburb, most of the land use in Richmond is agricultural, predominantly growing sugarcane. A network of cane tramways in the suburb transfers the harvested sugarcane to the sugar mill for processing.

## History

Nindaroo Provisional School opened on 27 February 1899. On 1 January 1909 it became Nindaroo State School It closed in 1963. The school was located at 1 Boveys Road, corner of Mackay Habana Road (21°04′56″S 149°08′31″E﻿ / ﻿21.08220°S 149.14186°E﻿ / -21.08220; 149.14186﻿ (Nindaroo State School (former))), now in Richmond.

## Demographics

In the 2011 census, Richmond had a population of 505 people.
In the 2016 census, Richmond had a population of 486 people.
In the 2021 census, Richmond had a population of 852 people.

## Heritage listings

Richmond has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
* Richmond Mill Ruins, Habana Road

## Education

There are no schools in Richmond. The nearest government primary schools are Beaconsfield State School in neighbouring Beaconsfield to the east, Eimeo Road State School in neighbouring Rural View to the north-east, and Northview State School in neighbouring Mount Pleasant to the south-east. The nearest government secondary schools are Mackay Northern Beaches State High School in neighbouring Rural View to the north-east, Pioneer State High School in Andergrove to the east, and Mackay North State High School in North Mackay.
# Risk and compliance

Risk and compliance may refer to:
* Legal governance, risk management, and compliance
* Governance, risk management, and compliance
* Internal audit
# Beacom

Beacom is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Colin Beacom (born 1937), English badminton player
* Gary Beacom (born 1960), Canadian figure skater, choreographer, and author
* Genevieve Beacom (born 2004), Australian baseball pitcher
* Karl Beacom (1938–2015), Canadian lawn bowler
* Mike Beacom, American sportswriter
# Tanja Softić

Tanja Softić is a Bosnian-American visual artist and art educator who works in media of drawing, printmaking, painting and photography. She is Professor of Art Practice in the Department of Art and Art History at the University of Richmond.

## Personal life and career

Tanja Softić was born In 1966 in Sarajevo, former Yugoslavia, present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. She attended the Academy of Fine Arts of the University of Sarajevo and Old Dominion University.
Softić emigrated to the United States in 1989 and now has American citizenship.
Softić's work is in the Auckland Art Gallery, and the Print Collection of The New York Public Library.
In 2011 her work was included in the exhibition Migrant Universe at the Halsey Institute of Contemporary Art. In 2012 Softić has a solo Walter Gropius Master Artist Exhibit at the Huntington Museum of Art. Her work is included in the 2020 virtual exhibition Dis/placements: Revisitations of Home at the Halsey Institute.
# Hans Urwyler

Hans Urwyler (20 February 1925 - 18 November 1994) was the sixth Chief Apostle (international church president) of the New Apostolic Church.

## Life

Hans Urwyler was born into a New Apostolic parents' house in Bern, Switzerland. His maternal ancestors, French Huguenots, had emigrated to Switzerland. His grandfather, Hans Plüss, was one of the first New Apostolic bishops in Switzerland.
He studied to be a machine engineer and after training at the technical school of Biel he joined the automotive industry business of his college friend.
In his youth, he was the choir conductor in his home congregation in Schwarzenburg. There, he had also met his wife Hedi Wenger, whom he married in 1949. They have two sons.
After the sudden death of Chief Apostle Ernst Streckeisen during a service tour in South Africa, Hans Urwyler was elected as Chief Apostle by an international apostles' meeting on 18 November 1978, but he remained leader of the District Church Switzerland until 1 January 1980.

## Term in office

During his term in office the membership of the church was growing rapidly. Chief Apostle Urwyler undertook many tours inside Europe and 28 overseas. He ordained more than 180 apostles worldwide. In 1986, he declared that every New Apostolic Christian had personal responsibility for his own faith's existence, and he proved love, helpfulness and sympathy toward believers whose lifestyle outside the currently acceptable limits of the church (e.g. homosexuality, concubinage and divorce) and arranged their permit for the Holy Communion.
In 1985, a major schism occurred in the Wiesbaden area, led by apostle Hermann Gottfried Rockenfelder, who founded the Apostolische Gemeinde Wiesbaden with 1,000 adherents.
After a tour of Africa, he suffered a severe stroke, from which he had not convalesced completely. On 28 August 1987, he ordained Richard Fehr as Chief Apostle Helper, therefore his representative, in Bern hospital and in presence of several European District Apostles. On 3 May 1988, he ordained Richard Fehr as new Chief Apostle, while still in the hospital in Bern and in presence of several District Apostles from Germany, France, Canada and Zambia. Finally, he retired himself.
His sunset years were marked by his severe disease. He died in his domestic circle, after further strokes, in 1994.

## Ministries

* 1949 Subdeacon
* 1952 Deacon
* 1953 Priest
* 1964 Shepherd
* 1965 District Evangelist
* 1966 District Elder
* 27 April 1969 Bishop
* 1 January 1976 District Apostle - Church president NAC Switzerland
* 18 November 1978 Chief Apostle
# Marie Fuema

Marie Fuema (born September 6, 1987) is a Senegalese-Congolese model. She lives in New York City, and is a model of IMG New York. Recently, she featured in the Oscar de la Renta 2009 pre-Fall fashion show.