# Indonesian military ranks

The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) uses a simplified ranking system for the three branches of Indonesian Army, Indonesian Navy and Indonesian Air Force. Most of the ranks are similar with differences for the rank titles of the high-ranking officers. Exception exists, however, in the ranks of the service members of the Indonesian Marine Corps. While Indonesian Marine Corps is a branch of the Navy, the rank titles of the Marine Corps are the same as those of the Army, but it still uses the Navy's style insignia (for lower-ranking enlisted men, blue replaces the red colour).
As said above, all services maintain the same rank insignia and title, with the main difference for officers are that high-ranking officers use their special titles, while officers below that rank use the similar title but followed by their respective branch/corps abbreviation. For example, an Army colonel with Infantry branch use the title "Kolonel INF.", which "INF" means "Infanteri" or "Infantry"; A Navy colonel with Supply Corps background use the title "Kolonel Laut (S)", in which "S" means "Suplai" or "Supply". Also, an Air Force Colonel with Electronical Engineering Corps background use the title "Kolonel (Lek)", in which "Lek" means "Elektronika" or "Electronics". There are no differences with enlisted personnel's title for Army and Air Force, but the Navy still use the personnel's branch/corps abbreviation behind the title.
High-ranking officers use stars as their insignia, middle-rank officers use jasmine buds and lower-rank officer use bars. High-rank NCOs use wavy bars, NCOs use yellow chevrons, high-rank enlisted men use red chevrons (blue for Navy and Marine Corps) and lower-rank enlisted men use red bars (blue for Navy and Marine Corps).

## Rank title
### Ranks between 1945–1957

The following ranks were used at the beginning of the establishment of the Tentara Keamanan Rakyat (TKR, People's Security Army) in late 1945, the basis of the present day Indonesian National Armed Forces. This first rank system, with insignia following the former Imperial Japanese practice, was used until mid 1948.
The TKR's Ground, Air and Naval Forces, later the Indonesian Army, Air Force, and Navy, used these ranks with different insignias for Navy officers following Japanese and Dutch precedence. (The same Army ranks were also used by the nascent Indonesian Marine Corps which was established at the same time.)
In 1950 the Navy received updated officer shoulder board insignia.
* Note: Previous spelling used until 1973 was utilised.

#### Commissioned officers

The following were the rank insignia of commissioned officers.
| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |
| Army & Marine Corps | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Army & Marine Corps | Djenderal Besar (adopted 1950) | Djenderal Besar (adopted 1950) | Djenderal | Djenderal | Letnan djenderal | Letnan djenderal | Djenderal major | Djenderal major | | | Kolonel | Kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Major | Major | Kapten | Kapten | Letnan I | Letnan I | Letnan II | Letnan II | Letnan muda | Letnan muda |
| Navy | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Navy | Laksamana besar (adopted 1950) | Laksamana besar (adopted 1950) | Laksamana I | Laksamana I | Laksamana II | Laksamana II | Laksamana III | Laksamana III | | | Kolonel laut | Kolonel laut | Letnan kolonel laut | Letnan kolonel laut | Major laut | Major laut | Kapten laut | Kapten laut | Letnan laut | Letnan laut | Letnan muda laut | Letnan muda laut | Adjudan | Adjudan |
| Air Force | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Air Force | Laksamana besar udara (adopted 1950) | Laksamana besar udara (adopted 1950) | Laksamana udara | Laksamana udara | Laksamana muda udara | Laksamana muda udara | Komodor udara | Komodor udara | | | Komodor muda udara | Komodor muda udara | Opsir udara I | Opsir udara I | Opsir udara II | Opsir udara II | Opsir udara III | Opsir udara III | Opsir muda udara I | Opsir muda udara I | Opsir muda udara II | Opsir muda udara II | Opsir muda udara II | Opsir muda udara II |
| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |

#### Enlisted personnel

The rank insignia of non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnels.
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| Army & Marine Corps | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Army & Marine Corps | | | | | | | Sersan major | Sersan major | | | | | | | | | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | | | | | Kopral | Kopral | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit II | Pradjurit II |
| Navy | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Navy | | | | | | | Sersan major | Sersan major | | | | | | | | | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | | | | | Kopral | Kopral | Kelasi I | Kelasi I | Kelasi I | Kelasi I | Kelasi I | Kelasi I | Kelasi II | Kelasi II |
| Air Force | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Air Force | | | | | | | Sersan major | Sersan major | | | | | | | | | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | Sersan | | | | | Kopral | Kopral | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit I | Pradjurit II | Pradjurit II |
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |

### Ranks between 1957–1973

The rank system was updated by yet another Government Regulation on 22 June 1957. The Army received the Brigadier General rank, the Navy flag officer ranks were replaced by new ones (Admiral, Vice Admiral, Rear Admiral and Commodore replacing Admiral 1st Class, Admiral 2nd Class and Admiral 3rd Class) and the Air Force flag officer ranks replaced to be similar with Navy (with special title "Udara"). The ranks remained Army-style in the Army and Navy and army-style ranks were formally introduced into the air force. NCOs and Enlisted ranks and ratings became different per service branch. Although the government regulation did not specifically mention rank to be used in the Naval Commando Corps, the rank system of Army was begun to be used in the Naval Commando Corps (Marine Corps today).
* Note: Enhanced Indonesian Spelling System used
| Rank Category | Indonesian Army, Naval Commando Corps | Indonesian Navy | Indonesian Air Force |
| Generals, flag officers, air marshals | Jenderal Besar (General of the Army) | Laksamana Besar (Admiral of the Fleet) | Laksamana Besar Udara (Marshal of the Air Force) |
| Generals, flag officers, air marshals | Jenderal (General) | Laksamana (Admiral) | Laksamana Udara (Air Chief Marshal) |
| Generals, flag officers, air marshals | Letnan Jenderal (Lieutenant General) | Laksamana Madya (Vice Admiral) | Laksamana Madya Udara (Air Marshal) |
| Generals, flag officers, air marshals | Mayor Jenderal (formerly Jenderal Mayor) (Major General) | Laksamana Muda (Rear Admiral) | Laksamana Muda Udara (Air Vice Marshal) |
| Generals, flag officers, air marshals | Brigadir Jenderal (Brigadier General) | Komodor (Commodore) | Komodor Udara (Air Commodore) |
| Field officers | Kolonel (Colonel) | Kolonel Laut (Captain) | Kolonel Udara (Colonel) |
| Field officers | Letnan Kolonel (Lieutenant Colonel) | Letnan Kolonel Laut (Commander) | Letnan Kolonel Udara (Lieutenant Colonel) |
| Field officers | Mayor (Major) | Mayor (Lieutenant Commander) | Mayor Udara (Major) |
| Junior grade officers | Kapten (Captain) | Kapten (Lieutenant) | Kapten Udara (Captain) |
| Junior grade officers | Letnan I (First Lieutenant) | Letnan (Lieutenant junior grade) | Letnan Udara I (First Lieutenant) |
| Junior grade officers | Letnan II (Second Lieutenant) | Letnan Muda (Ensign) | Letnan Udara II (Second Lieutenant) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Pembantu Letnan I (Chief Warrant Officer) | Pembantu Letnan (Warrant Officer) | Letnan Muda Udara I (Warrant Officer First Class) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Pembantu Letnan Calon Perwira (Warrant Officer First Class) | Pembantu Letnan (Warrant Officer) | Letnan Muda Udara I (Warrant Officer First Class) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Pembantu Letnan II (Warrant Officer Second Class) | Ajudan (Adjutant) | Letnan Muda Udara II (Warrant Officer Second Class) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Sersan Mayor (Sergeant Major) | Sersan Mayor I (Master Chief Petty Officer) | Sersan Mayor Udara (Sergeant Major) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Sersan Mayor (Sergeant Major) | Sersan Mayor II (Senior Chief Petty Officer) | Sersan Mayor Udara (Sergeant Major) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Sersan Kepala (Staff Sergeant) | Sersan I (Chief Petty Officer) | Sersan Udara I (Flight Sergeant) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Sersan I (Sergeant First Class) | Sersan I (Chief Petty Officer) | Sersan Udara I (Flight Sergeant) |
| Warrant officers and non-commissioned personnel | Sersan II (Sergeant) | Sersan II (Petty Officer First Class) | Sersan Udara II (Sergeant) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Kopral Kepala (Master Corporal) | Kopral (Petty Officer Second Class) | Kopral Udara I (Corporal) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Kopral I (Corporal) | Kopral (Petty Officer Second Class) | Kopral Udara I (Corporal) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Kopral II (Lance Corporal) | Kopral (Petty Officer Second Class) | Kopral Udara II (Lance Corporal) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Prajurit Kader (Specialist) | Kelasi I (Seaman) | Prajurit Udara I (Airman First Class) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Prajurit I (Private First Class) | Kelasi I (Seaman) | Prajurit Udara I (Airman First Class) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Prajurit II (Private) | Kelasi II (Seaman Apprentice) | Prajurit Udara II (Airman) |
| Enlisted personnel, ratings | Prajurit II (Private) | Kelasi III (Seaman Recruit) | Prajurit Udara II (Airman) |

### Changes between 1973–1990

Government Regulation No. 24/ 1973, updated the rank system once again, the changes were as follows:
* Perwira Tinggi (PATI) (General Officers, Flag Officers, and Air Officers)
** Ranks of General, Lieutenant General, Major General, Brigadier General are used in the Army, the Naval Commando Corps (Marine Corps today), and the Police.
** Ranks of Admiral, Vice Admiral, and Rear Admiral are to be maintained in the Navy and the rank of Commodore (lit. 'First Admiral') reintroduced
** Air Chief Marshal, Air Marshal, Air Vice Marshal, and Air Commodore are to be used in the Air Force
* Perwira Menengah (PAMEN) (Field Officers), used same rank system in all branches of armed forces.
* Perwira Pertama (PAMA) (Subaltern Officers), used same rank system in all branches of armed forces.
* Bintara Tinggi (BATI) (Warrant Officers), used same Army rank system in all branches of armed forces.
* Bintara (NCOs), used same rank system in all branches of armed forces.
* Tamtama (Higher Enlisted Rank or Corporal), used Navy and Air Force rank system in all branches of the armed forces.
* Tamtama (Lower Enlisted Rank or Privates)
** Private is used in the Army, the Naval Commando Corps (Marine Corps today), and the Air Force (equivalent to Airman)
** Seaman is used in the Navy
** Agent is used in the Police (later restricted to the Mobile Brigade and Water Police, all policemen in the other branches would later start directly as Sergeants)

### Changes between 1990–1997

During this period, there are minor changes of rank system in all branch of the armed forces, which are removal of rank of senior warrant officer and new enlisted ranks introduced (Master Corporal and Petty Officer 3rd Class and Specialist Private, Seaman and Senior Airman). Those changes are based on Government Regulation No.6/ 1990.

### Changes between 1997–2010

Government Regulation No. 32/ 1997 regarding the rank system of armed forces was issued. The primary difference with previous regulation were that five-star honorary rank for all branches of the armed forces was reintroduced (after a brief period in the 1950s) and warrant officers rank was re-introduced.
In 2000, with the Indonesian National Police having regained its independence from the armed forces, the TNI rank system ceased to be used.

### Current ranks 2010–present

Five-star honorary rank for all branches of the armed forces are no longer regulated on the latest regulation.
The ranks and rank insignia used today come from the Armed Forces rank regulations of 1990 and 1997, themselves revisions of the first rank regulations published in 1973 to use the current system. All three branches have the same rank titles at the same paygrades, except for the Perwira Tinggi (General Officers, Flag Officers, and Air Officers) and the Tamtama (Lower Rank Enlisted) of the Navy and Air Force.

## Rank insignia

All branches of the armed forces maintain the same rank insignia, with minor color difference in insignia background. Since, all services have at least three type of uniform (Service dress uniform (Pakaian Dinas Harian / PDH), Full dress uniform (Pakaian Dinas Upacara / PDU), and Field uniform (Pakaian Dinas Lapangan / PDL)), there are three different insignia style corresponding to type of uniform. Aside from type of the uniform above, The Navy has uniform for wear in oversea service, officially known as Black Navy. When wearing such uniform, officers wear their ranks as gold stripes on their lower sleeves. The number and width of the stripes for each rank is similar to that of the United States Navy.
The rank insignia for same services are also differentiated by red piping (command) or no piping (staff) at the sides of the boards.
Note: Indonesia is not a member of NATO, so there is no official equivalence between the Indonesian military ranks and those defined by NATO. The displayed parallel is approximate and for illustration purposes only.

### Commissioned officers

The following are the rank insignia for commissioned officers for the army, navy and air force respectively.
| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |
| Indonesian Army vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Army vte | Jenderal besar | Jenderal besar | Jenderal | Jenderal | Letnan jenderal | Letnan jenderal | Mayor jenderal | Mayor jenderal | Brigadir jenderal | Brigadir jenderal | Kolonel | Kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Mayor | Mayor | Kapten | Kapten | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan dua | Letnan dua | Letnan dua |
| Army rank insginia on PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Army rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Navy vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Navy vte | Laksamana besar | Laksamana besar | Laksamana | Laksamana | Laksamana madya | Laksamana madya | Laksamana muda | Laksamana muda | Laksamana pertama | Laksamana pertama | Kolonel | Kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Mayor | Mayor | Kapten | Kapten | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan dua | Letnan dua | Letnan dua |
| Navy rank insginia on PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Navy rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Navy sleeve rank on Black Navy uniform | No insignia | No insignia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Air Force vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Air Force vte | Marsekal besar | Marsekal besar | Marsekal | Marsekal | Marsekal madya | Marsekal madya | Marsekal muda | Marsekal muda | Marsekal pertama | Marsekal pertama | Kolonel | Kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Letnan kolonel | Mayor | Mayor | Kapten | Kapten | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan satu | Letnan dua | Letnan dua | Letnan dua |
| Air Force rank insginia on PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Air Force rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |

### Enlisted personnel

The rank insignia for enlisted personnel for the army, navy and air force respectively.
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| Indonesian Army vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Army vte | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Sersan mayor | Sersan mayor | Sersan kepala | Sersan kepala | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Kopral kepala | Kopral kepala | Kopral satu | Kopral satu | Kopral dua | Kopral dua | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit satu | Prajurit satu | Prajurit satu | Prajurit dua | Prajurit dua |
| Army rank insginia on PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Army rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Navy vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Navy vte | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Sersan mayor | Sersan mayor | Sersan kepala | Sersan kepala | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Kopral kepala | Kopral kepala | Kopral satu | Kopral satu | Kopral dua | Kopral dua | Kelasi kepala | Kelasi kepala | Kelasi kepala | Kelasi satu | Kelasi satu | Kelasi satu | Kelasi dua | Kelasi dua |
| Navy rank insginia on PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Navy rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Air Force vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indonesian Air Force vte | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan satu | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Pembantu letnan dua | Sersan mayor | Sersan mayor | Sersan kepala | Sersan kepala | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan satu | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Sersan dua | Kopral kepala | Kopral kepala | Kopral satu | Kopral satu | Kopral dua | Kopral dua | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit kepala | Prajurit satu | Prajurit satu | Prajurit satu | Prajurit dua | Prajurit dua |
| Air Force rank insginia for PDU | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Air Force rank insginia on PDL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |