# 2011 Eastern Province Kings season

In 2011, the Eastern Province Kings participated in the Currie Cup First Division and the Vodacom Cup. As part of the Southern Kings franchise, a number of players also participated in friendlies for this franchise, as well as the 2011 IRB Nations Cup.

## Chronological list of events

* 12 January 2011: The EP Kings 2011 squad list is published on the official site and the fixture list for the season is revealed.
* 29 January 2011: A Southern Kings team consisting entirely of Eastern Province Kings players beat the Bulls Super Rugby team 23-7 in Port Elizabeth.
* 4 February 2011: The Southern Kings lose 45-17 to the Cheetahs Super Rugby team in Port Elizabeth. Again, all the players involved are from the Eastern Province Kings.
* 11 February 2011: The Southern Kings lose 24-30 to the MTN Lions Super Rugby team in Port Elizabeth with a team containing only Eastern Province Kings players.
* 18 February 2011: The IRB announce details for the 2011 IRB Nations Cup, where several EP Kings players will represent the South African Kings team. The other participants are Romania, Namibia, Georgia, Argentina Jaguars and Portugal.
* 25 February 2011: The EP Kings win their opening Vodacom Cup game 47-12 at home to the Welwitschias. Tries from Barend Pieterse, Darron Nell, Milo Nqoro (2), Monty Dumond, Morné Hanekom and Siyanda Grey helped them get off to a winning start in the competition and saw them in second place on the Southern Section log.
* 27 February 2011: The EP Kings sign the former SWD Eagles loose forward Jacques Engelbrecht.
* 4 March 2011: The EP Kings made it two wins out of two by beating the Leopards in Potchefstroom. They won 31-25, after the scores were level on 19-19 at half-time. The try scorers were Norman Nelson, Barend Pieterse and Mpho Mbiyozo. Two conversions and three penalties by Monty Dumond and a Jaco van Schalkwyk penalty rounded off the scoring.
* 11 March 2011: The EP Kings were deducted the 9 points gained in their first two Vodacom Cup games for fielding Jacques Coetzee and Hannes Franklin, who were deemed ineligible since they had no clearance certificate following their transfers from the Pumas. A R15 000 fine was also imposed for fielding these players in two of the Southern Kings' games. The Kings have lodged an appeal against this decision, which ultimately proved unsuccessful. On the pitch, they beat the Pumas 23-8 with tries from Marcello Sampson and Matthew Tayler-Smith, with Jaco van Schalkwyk adding 13 points with the boot.
* 17 March 2011: The EP Kings team for the upcoming game against the Falcons was named and included former player Wayne van Heerden, who returned to the team after a spell playing for Suntory Sungoliath in the Japanese Top League.
* 18 March 2011: The Kings announce the signing of former New Zealand Maori prop Clint Newland, who joins after a short stint playing for Irish team Leinster Rugby.
* 19 March 2011: The EP Kings beat the Falcons 51-0 in Vanderbijlpark to make it 4 wins in the row in the 2011 Vodacom Cup. They went top of the table, but with a points deduction still looming, this might be a false position. The try-scorers on the day were Norman Nelson and Devin Oosthuizen with a brace each, while Darron Nell, Marcello Sampson, Siyanda Grey and Morné Hanekom each also got a try. Jaco van Schalkwyk added 4 conversions and a penalty.
* 22 March 2011: After an injury to player Gurthrö Steenkamp, the Vodacom Bulls Super Rugby franchise requested Jaco Engels join their team as backup, but this approach was rejected by the Eastern Province Kings.
* 25 March 2011: The EP Kings lose their first game of the season, going down 11–10 to the Golden Lions. They went down to ten men after 33 minutes when full-back Mzwandile Stick was red-carded. Clint Newland scored the only try for the Kings, with Jaco van Schalkwyk adding 5 points with the boot.
* 30 March 2011: Eastern Province Kings are officially the 9 deducted points they gained in their first two Vodacom Cup games for fielding ineligible players, as well as fined R15 000 for fielding these players in two Southern Kings friendly games. Their appeal against the original decision on 11 March was rejected.
* 31 March 2011: Full-back and captain Mzwandile Stick receives a three-week ban following a head-butt and subsequent sending off in the Vodacom Cup match against the Golden Lions.
* 2 April 2011: The EP Kings lose their second consecutive game, losing 29–28 to the Blue Bulls. Tries from Norman Nelson, SP Marais and Frank Herne and 13 points from the boot of Jaco van Schalkwyk weren't enough in this game. This result leaves the Kings in second last place on the log, with only an outside chance of making the quarter-finals.
* 9 April 2011: The EP Kings returned to winning ways, beating the Griquas 26–16 at Grey High School, Port Elizabeth. Two tries from Jacques Engelbrecht and one each from Wayne Stevens and Jaco Engels earned the Kings a bonus point, with conversions from SP Marais Jaco van Schalkwyk completing the scoring. Despite this result, the Kings missed out on a quarter final spot.
* 14 April 2011: EP Kings academy player Rynier Bernardo becomes the first ever player from this academy to be selected for an Under-20 Springboks training camp.
* 15 April 2011: The Kings beat the Griffons 45–43 in a 13-try thriller to finish the season in 5th place in the Vodacom Cup Southern Section, missing out on the quarter-finals. Siyanda Grey, Barend Pieterse and Devin Oosthuizen all got two tries in this game and Jacques Potgieter added a further try. Jaco van Schalkwyk scored three conversions and Monty Dumond scored a further two.
* 4 May 2011: The Kings announce the signing of 21-year-old scrum-half Danie Faasen from UP Tuks.
* 25 May 2011: The South African Kings squad that will play in the 2011 IRB Nations Cup is announced. 26 of the 27 players in the squad are Eastern Province Kings players.
* 7 June 2011: The Kings announce the signing of fly-half Louis Strydom from the Free State Cheetahs.
* 9 June 2011: Monty Dumond leaves the Kings to join Griquas.
* 10 June 2011: A South African Kings team featuring 22 Eastern Province Kings players beat Georgia 31–17 in the 2011 IRB Nations Cup.
* 10 June 2011: A South African Kings team featuring 22 Eastern Province Kings players beat Georgia 31–17 in the 2011 IRB Nations Cup.
* 15 June 2011: 21 Eastern Province Kings players star in the South African Kings team that beat Romania 27–23 in the 2011 IRB Nations Cup.
* 19 June 2011: The South African Kings win the 2011 IRB Nations Cup after winning all three their games. In the third game, they beat Portugal 39–12, once again featuring 21 Eastern Province Kings players.
* 5 July 2011: Luke Watson is named the new Eastern Province Kings captain, with Mzwandile Stick becoming vice-captain. Also, it is confirmed that Falie Oelschig joined from Stade Français and Joe Breytenbach is on trial from SWD Eagles. Both these players are included to the face Free State Cheetahs in a Currie Cup compulsory friendly.
* 8 July 2011: The Kings lost 26–20 to a young Free State Cheetahs team in their Currie Cup compulsory friendly. Mzwandile Stick scored a try and Louis Strydom scored five penalties in the defeat.
* 15 July 2011: Eastern Province Kings beat SWD Eagles 28–20 in a repeat of last season's play-off final, with Norman Nelson scoring the only try for the home team. Louis Strydom scored the conversion and four penalties and George Whitehead added a further three penalties on his debut.
* 22 July 2011: Eastern Province Kings got a decisive victory over Border Bulldogs, winning 62–15. Marcello Sampson scored a hat-trick of tries and Jaco Bekker and George Whitehead each got two. Further tries were added by Barend Pieterse, Wayne van Heerden and Hannes Franklin, while George Whitehead also kicked six conversions.
* 29 July 2011: The Kings ran riot again, beating Griffons 67–26 in Port Elizabeth. Marcello Sampson scored a hat-trick of tries for the second game in a row. Jaco Bekker again got two tries, as did Norman Nelson. SP Marais, Siyanda Grey, Falie Oelschig and Luke Watson scored the other tries, with George Whitehead kicking six conversions.
* 3 August 2011: The Blue Bulls announce that they have signed Jacques Potgieter for 2012 on a two-year contract. A new face in the Kings team to face the Falcons is Morgan Newman, a centre recently signed from the Free State Cheetahs.
* 5 August 2011: The Eastern Province Kings beat the Falcons 36–20 and moved to the top of the table for the first time this season (with previous league leaders Boland Cavaliers having a bye this weekend). SP Marais scored three tries, Matthew Tayler-Smith scored two and Norman Nelson got one try for the Kings. George Whitehead converted two and Louis Strydom converted one of these tries to round off the scoring.
* 12 August 2011: The Kings moved seven points clear at the top of the log by beating nearest rivals Boland Cavaliers 23–17 in a close-fought contest. Luke Watson and Clint Newland scored tries for the hosts, while fly-half Louis Strydom added two conversions, two penalties and a drop goal.
* 26 August 2011: Four tries from SP Marais helped the Kings to a 60–24 victory over the SWD Eagles. Norman Nelson scored two tries and further tries were scored by Matthew Tayler-Smith, Frank Herne and Luke Watson. Four conversions and a penalty from Louis Strydom, as well as two conversions from man of the match SP Marais completed the scoring. The Kings remain top of the table, two points clear of Boland Cavaliers. The Under-21 team won their game against the Eagles by 36–7, while the Under-19 team lost 34–43 to the Falcons.
* 30 August 2011: The Blue Bulls announce that they have secured the early release of Jacques Potgieter from his Kings contract and that he would join them effective 1 September.
* 2 September 2011: Yet another high-scoring game saw the Kings make it seven wins out of seven by beating local rivals Border Bulldogs 51–36 in Port Elizabeth. Captain Luke Watson scored two tries, while Marcello Sampson, Louis Strydom, Danie Faasen, Norman Nelson and Jaco Engels got one each. Three conversions from Louis Strydom and two penalties and two conversions from George Whitehead complete the scoring for the home side. The Under-21 team secured an even narrower victory, beating the Bulldogs 29–21, but the Under-19s lost 18–34.
* 10 September 2011: Eastern Province Kings stuttered to a narrow 21 – 19 victory over the Griffons despite trailing 16 – 11 at half-time. The Kings' two tries were scored by Marcello Sampson and Joe Breytenbach, with Louis Strydom kicking 11 points. The result maintains their 100% record in this competition, but the Boland Cavaliers narrowed the gap at the top of the table to just one point by getting a bonus point in their fixture. The Under-21 team won 66 – 40 against the Griffons, while the Under-19 team suffered their third consecutive defeat, going down 26 – 9.
* 14 September 2011: Kings scrum-half Jacques Coetzee was included in the contracted players list for Griquas for the 2012 season.
* 16 September 2011: The EP Kings go six point clear in the First Division (although nearest rivals Boland Cavaliers have a game in hand) by beating Falcons 40 – 10 at the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth. Marcello Sampson scored another two tries to take his tally for the season to ten. Further tries from Luke Watson, Ross Kennedy, Jacques Coetzee and Bobby Dyer ensured a bonus point was attained, while four conversions from Louis Strydom and one from George Whitehead rounding off the scoring. The Under-21 team won their fourth consecutive game, beating Griffons 39 – 20, but the Under-19 suffered their fourth consecutive defeat, losing 12 – 25 to the same opposition.
* 23 September 2011: A game which sees the top two teams in the division meet in Wellington sees the Boland Cavaliers run out comfortable 49 – 15 winners. Jaco Engels and Luke Watson scored the tries for the Kings, while SP Marais added five points with the boot. The Kings remain at the top of the table, one point clear of the Cavaliers, but have finished their regular season games, while the Cavaliers still have one game left to play against SWD Eagles. The Under-21 team made it five in a row, Boland Cavaliers 35 – 31 and qualifying for the title play-offs in the process. The Under-19s' woes continued, losing 27 – 50 to the Cavaliers, their fifth loss out of five.
* 30 September 2011: The Kings finish second on the log after the Boland Cavaliers beat SWD Eagles. They will play their semi-final on 7 October at home to the Falcons, after they beat the Border Bulldogs. Despite not playing, the Under-21 team secured top spot in their pool.
* 1 October 2011: The Under-21 team finish their campaign, beating the Pumas 36 – 24 to set up a home semi-final against the Pumas on 7 October. The Under-19, in contrast, made it 6 defeats out of 6 by losing 14 – 19 to the Pumas to finish bottom of their division.
* 7 October 2011: The Kings win their play-off semi-final game, beating the Falcons 48 – 17. Six tries were scored by Bobby Dyer, Jacques Engelbrecht, Norman Nelson, Devin Oosthuizen, SP Marais and Jaco Bekker, all six were converted - five by Louis Strydom and one by George Whitehead. Louis Strydom also added another two penalties to complete the scoreline. The Under-21 team won 23 – 13 against the Pumas to progress to the final, where they will meet the Border Bulldogs.
* 14 October 2011: The Kings lost the play-off final, crashing to a 43 – 12 defeat to Boland Cavaliers. Despite leading through an early try by Andile Witbooi – converted by Louis Strydom – the Cavaliers ran in six tries to easily win the game. A late try by Bobby Dyer was scant consolation on the day. The Under-21 also lost their play-off game, being edged 23 – 19 by the Border Bulldogs.
* 1 November 2011: Kings players Marlon Lewis and Milo Nqoro are named in an Emerging South Africa sevens team for the Safaricom Sevens tournament in Kenya.
* 2 November 2011: Lock Ross Kennedy leaves the Kings after being named in the Crusaders' 2011 Super Rugby squad. Also, prop Ronnie Uys is released from his contract.
* 3 November 2011: Yet another lock departs the Kings, with Rory Duncan announcing his retirement from rugby.
* 9 November 2011: Just days after lock Ross Kennedy left the Kings, it is announced that his father, Adrian Kennedy, also left the coaching staff of the Kings and returned to New Zealand.
* 12 November 2011: Former Springbok winger Jongi Nokwe joins the Kings on a one-year deal.

## Players
### Vodacom Cup squad

The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Vodacom Cup competition:
2011 Eastern Province Kings Vodacom Cup squad :
| Forwards | Forwards | Boetie Britz • Rory Duncan • Jacques Engelbrecht • Jaco Engels • Hannes Franklin • Morné Hanekom • Frank Herne • Ross Kennedy • Mpho Mbiyozo • Darron Nell • Clint Newland • Devin Oosthuizen • Lungelo Payi • Barend Pieterse • Jacques Potgieter • André Schlechter • Ronnie Uys • Wayne van Heerden • Riaan Vermeulen |
| Backs | Backs | Boela Abrahams • De Wet Barry • Jaco Bekker • Jacques Coetzee • Monty Dumond • Shane Gates • Siyanda Grey • Tiger Mangweni • SP Marais • Norman Nelson • Milo Nqoro • Marcello Sampson • Wayne Stevens • Mzwandile Stick • Matthew Tayler-Smith • Jaco van Schalkwyk |
| Coach | Coach | Alan Solomons |

### Currie Cup squad

The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Currie Cup First Division competition:
2011 Eastern Province Kings Currie Cup squad :
| Forwards | Forwards | Boetie Britz • Bobby Dyer • Jacques Engelbrecht • Jaco Engels • Hannes Franklin • Frank Herne • Ross Kennedy • Mpho Mbiyozo • Darron Nell • Clint Newland • Devin Oosthuizen • Barend Pieterse • Jacques Potgieter • André Schlechter • Ronnie Uys • Wayne van Heerden • Riaan Vermeulen • Luke Watson |
| Backs | Backs | Boela Abrahams • Jaco Bekker • Joe Breytenbach • Jacques Coetzee • Danie Faasen • Siyanda Grey • Tiger Mangweni • SP Marais • Norman Nelson • Morgan Newman • Falie Oelschig • Marcello Sampson • Wayne Stevens • Mzwandile Stick • Louis Strydom • Matthew Tayler-Smith • George Whitehead • Andile Witbooi |
| Coach | Coach | Alan Solomons |

### Under-21 Provincial Championship squad

The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Under-21 Provincial Championship competition:
2011 Eastern Province Kings Under-21 Provincial Championship squad :
| Forwards | Forwards | Zimuisa April • Michael Aristidou • Rynier Bernardo • Thembelani Bholi • Johan Engelbrecht • Louis Fourie • Lizo Gqoboka • Werner Kapp • Elrich Kock • Heinrich Leonard • Athenkosi Manentsa • Siya Mangaliso • Chad Mathews • Lumko Mbane • Thabiso Mngomezulu • Freddie Roberts • Chris Stokwe • Cornelius van Vuuren |
| Backs | Backs | Masixole Banda • Luxolo Daku • Renier Erasmus • Shane Gates • Steven Hansel • Matthew King • Sinakho Khanyisa Mafu • Lulama Mdzoyi • Thabo Sisusa • Scott van Breda • Steyn van Eeden • Charl van Loggenberg • Reynier van Rooyen • Andile Witbooi |

### Under-19 Provincial Championship squad

The following players appeared in at least one matchday squad during the 2011 Under-19 Provincial Championship competition:
2011 Eastern Province Kings Under-19 Provincial Championship squad :
| Forwards | Forwards | Aidon Davis • Olivier Dippenaar • Jonathan Ford • Troy Frisch • Luxolo Koza • Bart le Roux • Siwapiwe Sivuyise Mandlake • Leon Manuel • Athenkosi Maswana • Ryno Thomas Meiring • Cedric Asanda Modise • Sinethemba Ndita • Ruan Roberts • Paul Schoeman • Kuhle Sonkosi • Chriszuan Slabbert • Wayven Smith • Divan Marius van der Merwe |
| Backs | Backs | Lorenzo Baatjies • Robert Brundson • Devin Yusif Grootboom • Ryno Kilian • Marnus Markram • Meyer Meyer • Manelisa Mtati • Godwin Imaneul Murens • Llewellyn Lesley Pieterse • Emile Potgieter • Rosseau Prinsloo • Marlou van Niekerk • Dirk van Rooyen • Cheswin van Wyk |

### Player movements

Before the 2011 Vodacom Cup season :
| In/out | Position | Player name | From/to |
| In | PR | Jaco Engels | Blue Bulls |
| In | PR | Clint Newland | Leinster |
| In | PR | Ronnie Uys | Pumas |
| In | HK | Frank Herne | Free State Cheetahs |
| In | HK | Hannes Franklin | Pumas |
| In | LK | Ross Kennedy | Hawke's Bay Magpies |
| In | LK | Barend Pieterse | Free State Cheetahs |
| In | LK | Wayne van Heerden | Suntory Sungoliath |
| In | FL | Boetie Britz | Maties |
| In | FL | Jacques Engelbrecht | SWD Eagles |
| In | SH | Jacques Coetzee | Pumas |
| In | FH | Monty Dumond | Sharks |
| In | WG | Marcello Sampson | Western Province |
| In | FB | SP Marais | Leopards |
| Out | PR | Michael Rice | Pumas |
| Out | PR | Sangoni Mxoli | Not named in 2011 squad |
| Out | HK | Antonio Halangahu | Randwick DRUFC |
| Out | LK | Hein Potgieter | SWD Eagles |
| Out | LK | Brendon Snyman | Leopards |
| Out | LK | Willem Stoltz | Leopards |
| Out | FL | Pietie Ferreira | Retired |
| Out | FL | JJ Gagiano | UCT Ikey Tigers |
| Out | FL | Sivuyile Kobokana | Despatch Rugby Club |
| Out | FL | Elroy Ligman | Despatch Rugby Club |
| Out | FL | Zolani Mofu | Released |
| Out | SH | Gerrie Odendaal | Retired |
| Out | SH | Donald Stevens | Maties |
| Out | FH | Coenie van Wyk | Pumas |
| Out | CE | Braam Gerber | Boland Cavaliers |
| Out | CE | Rudi Keil | RC Nice |
| Out | WG | Justin Peach | Not named in 2011 squad. |
| Out | FB | Anthony Fenner | Otago |
| Before the 2011 Currie Cup season ||||
| In | N8 | Luke Watson | Bath |
| In | SH | Danie Faasen | UP Tuks |
| In | SH | Falie Oelschig | Stade Français |
| In | FH | Louis Strydom | Free State Cheetahs |
| In | FB | George Whitehead | Free State Cheetahs |
| Out | LK | Lungelo Payi | Released |
| Out | N8 | Morné Hanekom | Leopards |
| During the 2011 Currie Cup season ||||
| Out | N8 | Jacques Potgieter | Blue Bulls |
| Loans and short-term deals ||||
| In | WG | Joe Breytenbach | SWD Eagles |
| In | CE | Morgan Newman | Free State Cheetahs |
| Out | FH | Monty Dumond | Griquas |
| Before the 2012 Vodacom Cup season ||||
| In | PR | Lizo Gqoboka | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | PR | Thabiso Mngomezulu | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | LK | Rynier Bernardo | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | LK | David Bulbring | Golden Lions |
| In | LK | Johan Snyman | Golden Lions |
| In | FL | Thembelani Bholi | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | N8 | Cornell du Preez | Leopards |
| In | SH | Reynier van Rooyen | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | FH | Siya Mangaliso | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | FH | Shane Gates | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | FH | Andile Witbooi | Eastern Province Kings Academy |
| In | WG | Jongi Nokwe | Griffons |
| Out | PR | Phumlani Nodikida | Released |
| Out | PR | Ronnie Uys | RC Narbonne |
| Out | PR | Riaan Vermeulen | Released |
| Out | HK | Jaco Fourie | Released |
| Out | LK | Nolan Clark | Boland Cavaliers |
| Out | LK | Rory Duncan | Retired |
| Out | LK | Ross Kennedy | Crusaders |
| Out | SH | Boela Abrahams | Released |
| Out | SH | Jacques Coetzee | Griquas |
| Out | SH | Marlon Lewis | Released |
| Out | FH | Jaco van Schalkwyk | Released |
| Out | CE | De Wet Barry | Retired |
| Out | WG | Milo Nqoro | Released |

## Tables
### Vodacom Cup

2011 Vodacom Cup Southern Section log :
| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | TF | TA | TB | LB | Pts |
| 1 | Pampas XV | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 319 | 154 | +165 | 41 | 18 | 5 | 0 | 37 |
| 2 | Western Province | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 312 | 97 | +215 | 40 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 33 |
| 3 | Sharks XV | 8 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 283 | 137 | +146 | 37 | 13 | 5 | 1 | 30 |
| 4 | Free State Cheetahs | 8 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 252 | 224 | +28 | 31 | 27 | 5 | 1 | 22 |
| 5 | Eastern Province Kings | 8 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 261 | 144 | +117 | 35 | 17 | 4 | 2 | 21 |
| 6 | Boland Cavaliers | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 249 | 229 | +20 | 36 | 30 | 4 | 1 | 19 |
| 7 | SWD Eagles | 8 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 174 | 273 | −99 | 26 | 36 | 4 | 1 | 17 |
| 8 | Border Bulldogs | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 125 | 349 | −224 | 16 | 51 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
* ↑ Eastern Province Kings were deducted nine points for fielding ineligible players in two games.

### Currie Cup

The final league standings for the 2011 Currie Cup First Division were:
2011 Currie Cup First Division standings :
| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | TF | TA | TB | LB | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Boland Cavaliers (C) | 10 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 473 | 187 | +286 | 62 | 24 | 9 | 1 | 46 | Promotion playoffs Semi-finals |
| 2 | Eastern Province Kings | 10 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 403 | 236 | +167 | 56 | 28 | 6 | 0 | 42 | Semi-finals |
| 3 | Falcons | 10 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 286 | 398 | −112 | 41 | 52 | 5 | 0 | 21 | Semi-finals |
| 4 | Griffons | 10 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 280 | 366 | −86 | 34 | 49 | 6 | 4 | 18 | Semi-finals |
| 5 | SWD Eagles | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 298 | 396 | −98 | 37 | 49 | 3 | 1 | 16 | |
| 6 | Border Bulldogs | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 256 | 413 | −157 | 29 | 57 | 3 | 1 | 16 | |