OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fritz Rohrer

Fritz Rohrer (1888–1926) was a Swiss physician, specialised in respiratory physiology. In 1915 he published an analysis of the flow of air in the human lung and its relationship to pressure, based on detailed measurements of the pulmonary airways. This was followed in 1916 by a study of pulmonary statics, with measurements of pressure in the airways at various lung volumes. In 1921 he proposed the corpulence index or Rohrer Index, apparently on the basis of observations by Galileo Galilei.
# Robert Wroth (died 1614)

Robert Wroth (died 1614) was an English courtier and Member of Parliament for Newtown.
He was a son of Robert Wroth (d. 1606) and Susan Stonard, daughter of John Stonard of Loughton in Essex. He was knighted by King James at Syon House in May 1603.
On 27 September 1604 at Penshurst he married the poet Mary Sidney, a daughter of Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester and Barbara Gamage.
Prince Henry visited his father Robert Wroth from Nonsuch Palace and stayed for three days in May 1605. King James visited Loughton in July 1605. Prince Henry returned in July 1606.
Wroth bought a manor in Essex in March 1608 from William Cornwallis, whose brother Charles Cornwallis was angered by the sale of his family's lands. He was the King's tenant at the manor of Loughton, and claimed in 1608 that the buildings were old and low, the rooms small, and the building unfit to receive the King if he wanted to hunt in Waltham Forest. He wanted to acquire the house and rebuild it. Mary Wroth wrote to Anne of Denmark asking her to intercede with the king for the same project, arguing that Loughton manor was "old and in decay and like every day to fall down" and the new house could accommodate both King and Queen, and her husband took pains to preserve the deer for the King's sports.
The house was described as rebuilt in June 1612. Wroth may have incurred his large debts, which have sometimes been attributed to his wife's extravagance, by buying and refurbishing the house at Loughton. Wroth was a commissioner to the royal works to extend Theobalds and improve the park.
His friend Ben Jonson described Loughton and Robert Wroth's virtues as a host in a poem in the collection, The Forest. Although William Drummond of Hawthornden recorded that Jonson said Mary Wroth was, "unworthily married on a jealous husband", Jonson's poem To Sir Robert Wroth, which dwells on his unmartial character, is not necessarily satirical in intent. William Gamage wrote a couplet praising Robert Wroth's housekeeping at his other property, Durants in Enfield.
Robert Wroth died of gangrene in 1614.
His young son and heir died in July 1616 and his inheritance passed to his uncle, John Wroth.
# Bulbophyllum smithianum

Bulbophyllum smithianum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Road master

The road master (Latin: viarius; Italian: Maestro delle Strade) was a middle- to high-ranking urban official common across the central and northern regions of Italy between c. 1250-1550, that is the communal and despotic era. Often part of the podestà’s or capitano del popolo’s entourage, the road master worked in small teams of builders and administrators to maintain a city's network of roads and waterways, including nodal points such as gates, bridges, sluices and markets. In many towns and cities across the peninsula, road masters not only built and maintained such amenities, but they also monitored human and animal behavior that impacted their traversability, and fined pertinent offenders. For instance, they could punish artisans polluting a public street or neighborhood, enforcing a distinct form of urban zoning. Road masters also fought against domestic practices that were seen as causing harm to the population at large, including unlawful refuse disposal and neglecting to restrain pigs.
Roads officials were also active in ensuring urban markets ran smoothly. Beyond the upkeep of roads and canals allowing produce to reach and leave markets, these officials often examined the accuracy of weights and measures used by retailers. They also pursued people who tried to sell produce outside the allowed time and place or wares of inferior quality, such as rotten meat or fish. In doing so, they resembled the Islamicate market inspector or muhtasib. Lastly, roads officials also policed inns and taverns, places where food and drink were sold, to ensure these were of good quality and served in the correct amounts and for the right price. The presence in taverns of alcohol and abundance of foreigners, including sex workers, sometimes meant that roads masters also operated as a moral police force, fighting gambling, rowdiness and sexual promiscuity.
In doing all this, road masters participated in earlier cities’ preventative and harm-reductive programs, designed to promote public health and fight disease at the population level. They had rural parallels in the office of the field warden.
Road masters and their teams are especially well documented for Bologna, where they were known as the Dirt masters (Ufficiali del fango); Lucca; and Rome.
# Montague Durlacher

Montague Durlacher (9 April 1824 – 16 November 1894) was an English surgeon-chiropodist. In 1879 he was appointed as surgeon-chiropodist to Queen Victoria's household, in succession to his father Lewis.
He was born in Westminster into a Jewish family, the third son of Lewis Durlacher (c.1792–1864) and his wife Susannah née Levi (c.1798–1874), who are both buried at Balls Pond Road Cemetery in London.
Durlacher's first marriage, in 1850, was to Deborah Benjamin (who died in 1879 and is buried at Balls Pond Road Cemetery). Their only child, Frances Susannah Durlacher, married dentist Edward Newton Jones, who took the surname Durlacher. Montague Durlacher's second wife, whom he married in June 1881, was Anne Louis, daughter of Israel Phillips. She died on 26 May 1916, aged 78, and is buried at Balls Pond Road Cemetery.
Montague Durlacher died on 16 November 1894, aged 71. He is buried at Balls Pond Road Cemetery.
# Ratalawewa

Ratalawewa is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# ART image file format

ART is a proprietary image file format used mostly by the America Online (AOL) service and client software.

## Technical details

The ART format (file extension ".art") holds a single still image that has been highly compressed. The format was designed to facilitate the quick downloading of images, among other things. Originally, the compression was developed by the Johnson-Grace Company, which was then acquired by AOL. When an image is converted to the ART format, the image is analyzed and the software decides what compression technique would be best. The ART format has similarities to the progressive JPEG format, and certain attributes of the ART format can lead to image quality being sacrificed for the sake of image compression (for instance, the image's color palette can be limited).

## Usage by AOL

The AOL service used the ART image format for most of the image presentation of the online service. In addition, the AOL client's web browser also automatically served such images in the ART format to achieve faster downloads on the slower dialup connections that were prevalent in those days. This conversion was done in the AOL proxy servers and could be optionally disabled by the user. This image conversion process effectively reduced the download time for image files. This technology was once branded as Turboweb and is now known as AOL TopSpeed.

## Software support for ART

The Graphic Workshop Professional software from Alchemy Mindworks Corp. supports ART files. (With later versions of the Graphic Workshop Professional software, an ART plugin from Alchemy Mindworks is required for this support.) For the Windows 2000 platform, Microsoft released the AOL Image Support Update which added support for ART images. As of June 2006 the Internet Explorer browser no longer supported ART files when Microsoft released a security update. Among other things, this update removed support for ART files from the Internet Explorer browser in order to help prevent issues where invalid ART data could cause the Internet Explorer software to unexpectedly quit. An ART file that is opened with the AOL picture viewer can be saved as another file type. Software Mfg. Delcam (a subsidiary of Autodesk) has a product called Artcam which uses the ART file extension to create CAD/CAM files.
# Herpetopoma pauperculum

Herpetopoma pauperculum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chilodontaidae.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 4 mm and 8 mm. The small, solid, thick, imperforate shell has a conical shape. It is white, spotted on theribs with blackish-brown. The spire is conical. The sutures are slightly channelled. The five, convex whorls are, encircled by strong spiral ribs, the interstices clathrate, pitted by longitudinal lamellae. The spiral ribs number 3 to 5 on the penultimate, 8 or 9 on the body whorl. The rounded aperture is thickened and crenulate inside. The columella is straight, broad, and not toothed.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Japan and Korea.
# Fresh Meat

Fresh Meat may refer to:

## Film and television

* Fresh Meat (TV series), a British comedy-drama
* Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Fresh Meat, the twelfth season of the American show Real World/Road Rules Challenge
** The Challenge: Fresh Meat II, the nineteenth season of the MTV reality television game show, The Challenge, and the sequel to Real World/Road Rules Challenge: Fresh Meat
* Fresh Meat (film), a New Zealand horror comedy film

## Other uses

* Fresh Meat (album), the debut album of Arkarna
* FreshMeat, the former name of the software website Freecode, owned by Geeknet
* “Fresh Meat”, a song by Jeffree Star from the album Beauty Killer, 2009
* “Fresh Meat”, a song by Ayesha Erotica, 2017
# Borwick Hall

Borwick Hall is a 16th-century manor house at Borwick, Lancashire, England. It is a Grade I listed building and is now used as a residential outdoor education and conference centre by Lancashire County Council.

## History

The manor of Borwick is mentioned in the Domesday Book as being part of the estates of Roger of Poitou but the oldest parts of the building still in existence date from the 14th century when a pele tower was built on the site. It was bought c. 1590 by Roger Bindlosse.
The tower was extended to a manor house by Roger in the early 1590s before he died in 1595. His son Robert inherited and was appointed High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1615. Robert's son Sir Francis Bindlosse predeceased him and so the estate passed to Francis's eldest son, Robert, who was created a baronet in 1641 and was elected MP for Lancashire in 1660. He also served twice as High Sheriff. He built a private Oratory on the estate. On his death in 1688 with no male heir the baronetcy became extinct and the estate passed to his only daughter, Cecilia, who had married William Standish. On her death there were again no male heirs and the estate passed to a daughter who had married Thomas Strickland of the Sizergh family. The Scottish soldier Charlie MacDougal is believed to have died in the grounds in 1745 following the infighting between the Scots returning from England with Bonnie Prince Charlie. The Stricklands sold the Hall in 1854 for £28,000 to Col. Marton of Capernwray.
By the early 19th century the Hall was falling into disrepair and was only repaired in the 1910s, when it was leased to music critic John Alexander Fuller Maitland on the specific condition that he restore the building. He died there in 1936 17th January.
After the Second World War during which the hall was used as a military base, the estate was sold to Lancashire Youth Clubs Association and later passed into the ownership of Lancashire County Council.
The Hall was used for exterior shots for the children's TV programme The Ghosts of Motley Hall which ran on Granada TV from 1976 to 1978. The Hall stood in for the fictional Motley Hall, built in 1577, home to the Uproar family over the centuries, but now home to a group of ghosts from different eras.

## Construction

Externally the Hall is built of stone rubble with sandstone dressing and a slate roof. Due to its exceptional features it was listed as a Grade I listed building in 1967.
# Road movie (disambiguation)

A road movie is a cinematic genre in which the action takes places during a road journey.
Road movie may also refer to:

## Films and video

* Road to …, comedy film series starring Bob Hope, Bing Crosby, and Dorothy Lamour
* Road Movie (film), 2002 South Korean remake of the 1974 film
* Road Movie (1974 film), American film by Joseph Strick
* Road, Movie, 2010 Hindi film, directed by Dev Benegal and starring Abhay Deol
* Road Movie (video), 1996 documentary-style film by rock group R.E.M.
* Road Movies (TV series), a Canadian documentary television series
* Road Trip, 2000 film by Todd Phillips and starring Breckin Meyer

## Music

* "Road Movies" (John Adams), 1995 composition by John Adams
* Road Movies (album), 2001 album by the group LAND
* "Road Movie", song by Asian Kung-Fu Generation
# Khurai (disambiguation)

Khurai may refer to
* Khurai, a city in Madhya Pradesh, India
** Khurai (Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha constituency), the state legislative assembly constituency encompassing the city
** Khurai railway station, serving the city
* Khurai (Manipur Vidhan Sabha constituency), a legislative assembly constituency of Manipur, India
# Jason Bellini

Jason Bellini (born July 12, 1975) is an American journalist. Since 2012, he has been a correspondent for The Wall Street Journal. Bellini was a CNN correspondent from 1998 to 2005.

## Early life

Bellini and his brother, Jarrett Bellini, were born and raised in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1992, Bellini became a U.S. Senate Page in Washington, D.C. The next year, Bellini graduated from Chaparral High School in Scottsdale, Arizona, where he worked on the school newspaper and became an Eagle Scout. In 1997, Bellini earned a bachelor's degree in history from Georgetown University.

## Professional career

In 1998, Bellini began his career with CNN as a production assistant and contributor to a news program for middle school and high school students. He also served as a field producer for CNN International, covering the NATO airstrikes against Serbian forces in Kosovo. One of his Kosovo stories achieved Medalist Status in the 1999 New York Festival Awards.
In 2000, Bellini worked for MTV where he served as part of that network's "street team" for MTV's Choose or Lose election coverage that followed the presidential candidates on the campaign trail during Election 2000. He was also a freelance writer for Washingtonpost.com and Channel One News. In 2001 Bellini spent months in New York City covering the aftermath of the September 11 attacks as the crisis evolved into an international war on terrorism. He later traveled to Central Asia to report on the story from Afghanistan. He also covered the Kashmir conflict from India. Bellini received a gold medal from the New York Festivals for "Jason's Journal: The Holy Land", a program he produced on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. In 2003, Bellini reported as one of CNN's 18 embedded journalists during Operation Iraqi Freedom. He reported, often from the front lines, from his position with the U.S. Marines. In February 2003, Bellini was part of the team of CNN correspondents and anchors that covered the breaking news story of the Space Shuttle Columbia tragedy.
In 2005, Bellini became the lead news anchor for CBS News on Logo. Until August 2008 was the lead news anchor for CBS News on Logo. He received the 2006 "Journalist of the Year" award from the National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association (NLGJA). In 2008, he was based in Singapore as a correspondent for Bloomberg TV. From 2009 to 2010: Bellini freelanced for The Daily Beast and The Wall Street Journal. In 2012, he produced a CNBC documentary, UPS/FedEx: Inside the Package Wars.
In 2012, Bellini became a senior producer and reporter at The Wall Street Journal. From 2013 to 2014, Bellini was a frequent guest on FOX NEWS' On the Record w/ Greta Van Susteren. In 2017, Bellini began hosting and producing a WSJ video series called "Moving Upstream."

## Personal life

He is openly gay. Bellini is the older brother of Jarrett Bellini, a writer and journalist. Jason currently lives in Washington, DC.
# Hexshogi

Hexshogi is a shogi variant for two players created by George R. Dekle Sr. in 1986. The gameboard comprises 85 hexagonal cells. The game is in all respects the same as shogi, except that piece moves have been transfigured for the hexagonal board-cell geometry.
Hexshogi was included in World Game Review No. 10 edited by Michael Keller.

## Game rules

Hexshogi has the same types and numbers of pieces as shogi, and all normal shogi rules apply, including a similar initial setup (see diagram), drops, promotion, check, checkmate, and impasse. As in shogi, pieces capture the same as they move. But the hexagonal geometry implies special move patterns for the pieces.

### Piece moves

The diagrams show how the unpromoted pieces move. As in shogi, a dragon king (promoted rook) moves as a rook, or as a king. A dragon horse (promoted bishop) moves as a bishop or a king.
# Nidorellia

Nidorellia armata, also known as the chocolate chip star (leading to easy confusion with Protoreaster nodosus), is a species of starfish from warmer parts of the East Pacific, where it ranges from the Gulf of California to northwest Peru, including the Galápagos. It is the only species in the genus Nidorellia. N. armata can be found in tropical waters clinging on corals and rocky reefs; and are sometimes kept as pets in home marine aquariums.
# Bowriefauld

Bowriefauld is a village in Angus, Scotland.
* This Angus location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# J. J. Greer

Jarvis "J. J." Greer Jr. (born February 4, 1991) is an American soccer player who plays as a defender.

## Career
### College and amateur

Greer played five years of college soccer at the University of Memphis between 2009 and 2013. While at college, Greer also appeared for USL PDL club's Mississippi Brilla and Portland Timbers U23s.

### Professional career

Greer signed with USL Pro club Charlotte Eagles on March 7, 2014.
Greer signed with USL Pro's Colorado Springs Switchbacks on January 29, 2015.
Greer signed with Phoenix Rising FC on November 15, 2016.
# Bob Anderson

Bob Anderson may refer to:

## Sports

* Bob Anderson (fencer) (1922–2012), swordmaster and stunt double for Darth Vader in the Star Wars films
* Bob Anderson (footballer) (1924–1994), Scottish footballer
* Bob Anderson (racing driver) (1931–1967), British Formula One driver and motorcycle racer
* Bob Anderson (baseball) (1935–2015), Major League Baseball pitcher, 1957–1963
* Bob Anderson (American football) (born 1938), member of the College Football Hall of Fame
* Bob Anderson (wrestler) (born 1944), American wrestler
* Bob Anderson (runner) (born 1947), founder of magazine Runner's World
* Bob Anderson (darts player) (born 1947), world professional darts champion (1988) from England

## Other

* Bob Anderson (director) (born 1965), animation director for The Simpsons
* Bob Anderson (engineer), one of the pioneers of the artificial cardiac pacemaker
* Bob Anderson (Days of Our Lives), a character from Days of Our Lives
* Bob Anderson (Canadian politician) (born 1939), Canadian politician
* Bob Anderson (Mississippi politician) (1930–1998), American politician from Mississippi
* Bob Anderson (entertainer), American singer and entertainer
# Isobenzofuran

Isobenzofuran is a bicyclic heterocycle consisting of fused cyclohexa-1,3-diene and furan rings. It is isomeric with benzofuran.
Isobenzofuran is highly reactive and rapidly polymerizes; however, it has been identified and prepared by thermolysis of suitable precursors and trapped at low temperature.
Though isobenzofuran itself is not stable, it is the parent of related stable compounds with more complex structures, such as the hindered analogue 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran.
# Chanarambie Township, Murray County, Minnesota

Chanarambie Township is a township in Murray County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 223 at the 2000 census.
Chanarambie Township was organized in 1879, and named after Chanarambie Creek.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.5 square miles (92 km$^2$), all land. Buffalo Ridge, the highest point in the county and the third highest in Minnesota, runs through the township. Lake Wilson lies just east of this ridge.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 223 people, 76 households, and 63 families residing in the township. The population density was 6.3 inhabitants per square mile (2.4/km$^2$). There were 79 housing units at an average density of 2.2 per square mile (0.85/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.31% White, 0.45% Asian, 0.45% from other races, and 1.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.04% of the population.
There were 76 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.0% were married couples living together, 5.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.1% were non-families. 15.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.29.
In the township the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 116.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $31,875, and the median income for a family was $34,464. Males had a median income of $22,115 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the township was $11,696. About 7.3% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 10.3% of those 65 or over.

## Politics

Chanarambie Township is located in Minnesota's 1st congressional district, represented by Mankato educator Tim Walz, a Democrat. At the state level, Chanarambie Township is located in Senate District 22, represented by Republican Doug Magnus, and in House District 22A, represented by Republican Joe Schomacker.
# Stipe (given name)

Stipe a Croatian masculine given name. It is cognate to Stephen, and found in areas where people speak Ikavian.
Notable people with the name include:
* Stipe Bačelić-Grgić (1988–), Croatian footballer
* Stipe Balajić (1968–), Croatian footballer
* Stipe Božić (1951–), Croatian alpinist
* Stipe Delić (1925–1999), Croatian film director
* Stipe Drews (born Drviš; 1973–), Croatian boxer
* Stipe Erceg (1974–), German-Croatian actor
* Stipe Lapić (1983–), Croatian footballer
* Stipe Matić (1979–), Croatian footballer
* Stipe Miocic (1982–), Croatian-American mixed martial artist; also paramedic and firefighter
* Stipe Modrić (1979–), Croatian-Slovenian basketballer and coach
* Stipe Pletikosa (1979–), Croatian football goalkeeper
* Stipe Šuvar (1936–2004), Croatian politician