OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bernedo

Bernedo is a town and municipality located in the province of Álava, in the Basque Country, northern Spain. The town of Bernedo is considered the capital of the municipality, which consists of several towns. Over the years, the municipality of Bernedo has absorbed other, smaller municipalities, which have ceased to exist.

## History

The name Bernedo appeared as early as 1025 in documentation of the region of San Millán de la Cogolla. During the Middle Ages, Bernedo was a walled fortress with castle and tower. The King of Navarre, Sancho the Wise, granted charter rights for the town in the year 1182. For three centuries it was part of the Kingdom of Navarre.
It passed to the Crown of Castile in 1476, and in 1490 the Catholic Monarchs incorporated it to the city of Vitoria. Bernedo was the last populated area that was incorporated to the province of Álava.
Throughout modern history, a number of smaller municipalities have been merged into the municipality of Bernedo. In 1965, the municipalities of San Román de Campezo and Quintana were joined with Bernedo. In 1976, the municipality absorbed the short-lived municipality of Arlucea-Marquínez, which itself had been formed by a 1963 merger between the municipalities of Arlucea and Marquínez.

## Towns

The municipality is composed of 11 towns or villages, which are governed by town councils:
* Angostina
* Arluzea
* Bernedo , capital and main population of the municipality
* Markinez
* Navarrete
* Okina
* Quintana
* San Román de Campezo / Durruma Kanpezu
* Urarte
* Urturi
* Villafría
# Jack Lamb

John Bradley Lamb (December 23, 1935 – August 17, 2021) was a Canadian football player who played for the Edmonton Eskimos and Calgary Stampeders. He won the Grey Cup with the Eskimos in 1955. He was born in Edmonton, but played junior football in Calgary and in Kitchener with the Kitchener-Waterloo Dutchmen. Lamb also played ice hockey for the Maple Leaf Athletic Club.
# Güneysaray, Emirdağ

Güneysaray is a village in the Emirdağ District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 445 (2021).
# 21st European Film Awards

The 21st Annual European Film Awards took place on 6 December 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

## Winners and nominees
### Best European Actor

Toni Servillo – Gomorrah (Gomorra) and Il Divo
* Michael Fassbender – Hunger
* Thure Lindhardt and Mads Mikkelsen – Flame & Citron (Flammen & Citronen)
* James McAvoy – Atonement
* Jürgen Vogel – The Wave (Die Welle)
* Elmar Wepper – Cherry Blossoms (Kirschblüten – Hanami)

### Best European Actress

Kristin Scott Thomas – I've Loved You So Long (Il y a longtemps que je t'aime)
* Hiam Abbass – Lemon Tree
* Arta Dobroshi – The Silence of Lorna (Le silence de Lorna)
* Sally Hawkins – Happy-Go-Lucky
* Belen Rueda – The Orphanage (El orfanato)
* Ursula Werner – Cloud 9 (Wolke Neun)

### Best European Composer

Max Richter – Waltz with Bashir (Vals im Bashir)
* Tuur Florizoone [nl] – Moscow, Belgium (Aanrijding in Moscou)
* Dario Marianelli – Atonement
* Fernando Velázquez – The Orphanage (El orfanato)

### Best European Director

Matteo Garrone – Gomorrah (Gomorra)
* Laurent Cantet – The Class (Entre les murs)
* Andreas Dresen – Cloud 9 (Wolke Neun)
* Ari Folman – Waltz with Bashir (Vals im Bashir)
* Steve McQueen – Hunger
* Paolo Sorrentino – Il Divo

### Best European Film

| English title | Original title | Director(s) | Country |
| Gomorrah | Gomorra | Matteo Garrone | Italy |
| Il Divo | Il Divo | Paolo Sorrentino | Italy |
| The Class | Entre les murs | Laurent Cantet | France |
| Happy-Go-Lucky | Happy-Go-Lucky | Mike Leigh | United Kingdom |
| The Orphanage | El orfanato | Juan Antonio Bayona | Spain |
| Waltz with Bashir | ואלס עם באשיר | Ari Folman | Israel, France, Germany |

### Best European Screenwriter

Maurizio Braucci, Ugo Chiti, Gianni di Gregorio, Matteo Garrone, Massimo Gaudioso and Roberto Saviano – Gomorrah (Gomorra)
* Suha Arraf and Eran Riklis – Lemon Tree
* Ari Folman – Waltz with Bashir
* Paolo Sorrentino – Il Divo
# Jackson Township, Oklahoma

Jackson Township is the name of 3 townships in the U.S. state of Oklahoma:
* Jackson Township, Coal County, Oklahoma
* Jackson Township, Cotton County, Oklahoma
* Jackson Township, Washington County, Oklahoma
# Sarah and Samuel Nicholson House

Sarah and Samuel Nicholson House is located in Salem, Salem County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1752 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 24, 1975.
# Bertkauia

Bertkauia is a genus of insects in the family Epipsocidae. There are at least 2 described species in Bertkauia.

## Species

* Bertkauia crosbyana Chapman, 1930
* Bertkauia lepicidinaria Chapman, 1930
* Bertkauia lucifuga (Rambur, 1842)
# Jacqueline Marguerite van Nie

Jacqueline Marguerite van Nie (1897-1983) was a Dutch artist.

## Biography

Van Nie was born on 6 April 1897 in Paris, France. She studied at the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten (State Academy of Fine Arts) in Amsterdam. Her teachers included Jan Bronner [nl], Carel Lodewijk Dake sr., Antoon Derkinderen, and Nicolaas van der Waay. Her work was included in the 1939 exhibition and sale Onze Kunst van Heden (Our Art of Today) at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Van Nie was a member of the Kunstenaarsvereniging Sint Lucas [nl], the Pulchri Studio and the Schilderessenvereniging ODIS [nl].
Van Nie was married twice, first to H. van Nie in 1919, then to R.J.P. Muller in 1952. Van Nie died on 7 January 1983 in The Hague.
# Regifted

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| CM Addict | |
Regifted is the third official extended play by the Christian pop punk band, Eleventyseven, as well as their first official Christmas music release.
The EP was released digitally on November 7, 2012. It was also released in a physical format, but is no longer in print as a set number of copies were made. The EP contains five Christmas-themed tracks, all of which are either covers or classic Christmas carols.
Lead singer Matt Langston posted a sneak preview of the EP via a vlog post on YouTube October 15, 2012 in which he talked a little about the track "Wonderful Christmastime."
# Red nose

Red nose or red noses may refer to:

## Organizations and events

* Operation Red Nose, a Christmastime volunteer anti-drunk-driving ferry service
* Red Nose Day, a UK charity telethon operated by Comic Relief
* Red Nose Day, a US charity telethon operated by Comic Relief, Inc.

## Entertainment

* "Red Nose", a 2013 song by Sage the Gemini
* Red Nose (film), a 2003 Canadian romantic comedy film also known as Nez rouge
* Red Noses, a 1985 comedy about the black death
* "Red Nose", a 2009 song by Tech N9ne from Sickology 101

## Medicine

* Red nose, a physiological response
** Alcohol intoxication, a facial feature
** Blushing, facial feature

## Other

* A modern circus clown's red nose
# Red oak (disambiguation)

Red oaks are tree species in the genus Quercus section Lobatae.
Red oak, Red Oak or Redoak may also refer to:

## Trees

* Quercus buckleyi, Texas red oak
* Quercus falcata, southern red oak
* Quercus graciliformis, Mexican white oak, Canby oak, or Chisos oak
* Quercus rubra, the northern red oak, with a large range in southeastern and south-central Canada and the eastern and central United States
* Carnarvonia araliifolia, a rainforest tree from Australia

## Places

* Red Oak, Georgia, an area of Fulton County, Georgia
* Red Oak, Illinois, an unincorporated community
* Red Oak, Iowa, a town in southwestern Iowa
* Red Oak, Bell County, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
* Red Oak, Michigan, an unincorporated community
* Red Oak, Missouri, an unincorporated community
* Red Oak, North Carolina, a town
* Redoak, Ohio, an unincorporated community
* Red Oak, Oklahoma, a town
* Red Oak, Texas, a city
* Red Oak, Virginia, an unincorporated community
* Red Oaks Mill, New York, a hamlet and census-designated place
* Red Oak (power station), in Sayreville, New Jersey

## Other uses

* Red Oaks, a 2015 American comedy-drama streaming television series
* Red Oak (beer), a North Carolina-based microbrewery
* Agkistrodon contortrix, a venomous snake species found in North America
* Red Oak High School (disambiguation)
# Jacques-Henry Rys

Jacques-Henry Rys (1909–1960) was a 20th-century French composer and conductor.
In the late 1940s and during the 1950s, Jacques-Henry Rys was a renowned conductor of light music, who led many recordings for major pop stars of the era, including Luis Mariano, Andrex, Yvette Giraud, Georges Guétary. He also assumed control of many variety shows on the radio.
Jacques-Henry Rys became known by the quality of the orchestrations of the first operetta by Francis Lopez, which contributed to its success: La Belle de Cadix [fr] (1945) of which he conducted the first performances at the Casino Montparnasse, Andalousie (1947), Quatre jours à Paris (1948), Monsieur Bourgogne (1949), La Route fleurie [fr] (1952), Tête de Linotte (in collaboration with Paul Bonneau, 1957).
At the request of Germaine Roger, director of the Théâtre de la Gaîté-Lyrique, Jacques-Henry Rys wrote the musical score for two successful operettas: Colorado in 1950, and Pampanilla in 1954. He also collaborated with Henri Bourtayre on the composition of the operetta Les Chevaliers du ciel (1955).
Jacques-Henri Rys died prematurely in 1960, aged 51.

## Direction of operetta orchestras

* 1952: La Route fleurie with Georges Guétary, Bourvil, ...
# Lower Beeding

Lower Beeding is a village and civil parish in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England. The village lies on the B2110, B2115 and A281 roads 3.5 miles (6 km) south-east from Horsham, and is centred on Holy Trinity Church and The Plough public house, where the B2115 meets the B2110. The parish hamlets are Crabtree to the south of the village, and Ashfold Crossways and Plummer's Plain to the north-east. At Plummer's Plain there is a spring that is the official source of the River Ouse, which eventually reaches the sea at Newhaven.
In the early 13th century the monks of Sele Priory (St Peter's Church, Upper Beeding) began a mission to the area of St Leonard's Forest near Horsham, and established a small mission base, naming it Lower Beeding. Despite being some 10 miles (16 km) away, Lower Beeding remained a part of (Upper) Beeding parish until Victorian times. The existence of Lower Beeding led to differentiation in the name of the original Beeding in some medieval sources, adding the 'Upper'.
A local landmark is Leonardslee Gardens, between Lower Beeding village and Crabtree; the gardens were closed to the public in 2010 but reopened in April 2019.
The South Lodge Hotel in Lower Beeding was the venue for the 2009 G20 Summit meeting of finance ministers.
Newells Preparatory School, in the village until 1968, is today at Handcross and part of Brighton College.
# Lucas with the Lid Off

"Lucas with the Lid Off" is a song by Danish rapper Lucas Secon that was released as the lead single from his second album, Lucacentric (1994). It features a sample from the 1935 Benny Goodman song "When Buddha Smiles". The song was a hit in the United States, reaching number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 22 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart. It was most successful in Australia, where it reached number 15, and it peaked within the top 40 in Canada, Iceland, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
The music video for the song was directed by the French film maker Michel Gondry and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Music Video at the 37th Annual Grammy Awards.

## Music video

The black and white music video for the song is known for its technical achievement in that it was shot in one long continuous single take with no edits, cuts or digital enhancement. In an RES magazine interview, Gondry described the video as "a big turn for me, because it was so challenging. Nobody really believed - even me - that we could pull that off when we made it after 17 takes, because it was really done all in-camera in one shot. There is no post-production at all. I think this one really gave me a lot of attention.'"
Lucas with the Lid Off was nominated in the Best Music Video (short form) category at the 37th Grammy Awards, Produced by Michel Gondry whom had two music videos nominated at the 37th Grammy Awards.
The video was also received a MTV Video Music Award nomination for Best Male Video at the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards, and was No. 20 in Slant Magazine's 100 Greatest Music Videos.

## Charts

| Chart (1994) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 15 |
| Canada Top Singles (RPM) | 21 |
| Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40) | 16 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 29 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 29 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 37 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 25 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 29 |
| US Alternative Airplay (Billboard) | 22 |
| US Dance Singles Sales (Billboard) | 35 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard) | 27 |
| US Pop Airplay (Billboard) | 29 |

## Cover versions

On the album A Century of Song (Polyholiday Records), the song was covered by the American band La Musique Populaire. It was performed in the form of a spoof in an episode of the PBS series Bill Nye the Science Guy in 1995, but renamed "Whether the Weather" as part of the episode's scientific lesson about climates.
# Gymnastics at the 2017 Summer Universiade – Women's rhythmic individual clubs

The Women's clubs gymnastics at the 2017 Summer Universiade in Taipei was held on 29 August at the Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center.

## Schedule

All times are Taiwan Standard Time (UTC+08:00).
| Date | Time | Event |
| Tuesday, 29 August 2017 | 16:30 | Final |

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Score | Score | Score | Total |
| Rank | Athlete | D Score | E Score | Pen. | Total |
| | Yulia Bravikova (RUS) | 9.200 | 8.700 | | 17.900 |
| | Kateryna Lutsenko (UKR) | 8.200 | 8.325 | | 16.525 |
| | Ekaterina Selezneva (RUS) | 8.000 | 8.100 | | 16.100 |
| 4 | Mariya Trubach (BLR) | 7.700 | 8.125 | | 15.825 |
| 5 | Takana Tatsuzawa (JPN) | 7.600 | 7.650 | | 15.250 |
| 6 | Yana Yarosh (UKR) | 7.600 | 7.050 | | 14.650 |
| 7 | Rut Castillo (MEX) | 7.000 | 7.150 | | 14.150 |
| 8 | Hanna Bazhko (BLR) | 6.100 | 7.500 | | 13.600 |
# Lubombo Region

Lubombo is a region of Eswatini, located in the east of the country. It has an area of 5,849.11 km$^2$ and a population of 212,531 (2017). Its administrative center is Siteki. It borders all three other regions: Hhohho to the north, Manzini to the west, and Shiselweni to the south. It is divided into 11 tinkhundla.

## Geography

Geographically, the region is dominated almost entirely by the Lubombo Mountains. The Lubombo District is the easternmost of the four regions of Eswatini. Its capital is Siteki.

## Administrative divisions

Lubombo is subdivided to 11 tinkhundla (or constituencies). These are local administration centres, and also parliamentary constituencies. Each inkhundla is headed by an indvuna yenkhundla or governor with the help of bucopho. The tinkhundla are further divided into imiphakatsi (or chiefdoms). The present tinkhundla are:
* Dvokodvweni
** Imiphakatsi: Enjabulweni, Etjedze, Malindza, Mampempeni, Mdumezulu, Mhlangatane, Sigcaweni
* Hlane
** Imiphakatsi: Hlane, Khuphuka, Ntandweni, Sikhuphe
* Lomahasha
** Imiphakatsi: Lomahasha, Mafucula, Shewula, Tsambokhulu
* Lubuli (Somntongo)
** Imiphakatsi: Canerbury, Kavuma, Mabantaneni, Nkhanini, Sifuntaneni
* Lugongolweni
** Imiphakatsi: Langa, Makhewu, Mlindazwe, Sitsatsaweni
* Matsanjeni North
** Imiphakatsi: Lukhetseni, Mambane, Maphungwane, Tikhuba
* Mhlume
** Imiphakatsi: Mhlume, Simunye, Tabankulu, Tshaneni, Vuvulane
* Mpholonjeni
** Imiphakatsi: Kashoba, Ndzangu, Ngcina
* Nkilongo
** Imiphakatsi: Crooks, Gamula, Lunkufu, Mayaluka, Ngcampalala
* Siphofaneni
** Imiphakatsi: Hlutse, Kamkhweli, Macetjeni, Madlenya, Maphilingo, Mphumakudze, Nceka, Ngevini, Tambuti
* Sithobela
** Imiphakatsi: Luhlanyeni, Mamiza, Nkonjwa
# Lucy de Guzman Boyd

Lucy Evelyn Gough Beck (née Boyd; 1916–2009) and also known as Lucy Boyd Beck, and Lucy de Guzman Boyd, was an Australian artist and a member of the Boyd artistic dynasty.

## Boyd family

The Boyd artistic dynasty began with the marriage of Emma Minnie à Beckett (known as Minnie) and Arthur Merric Boyd in 1886. Both were already established as painters at the time of their marriage. Their second-born son Merric Boyd married Doris Gough and had five artistic children, Lucy de Guzman Boyd, Arthur Boyd, Guy Boyd, David Boyd, and Mary Elizabeth Boyd.

## Early life and career

Born in Victoria, Lucy Boyd is the daughter of Australian artists William Merric Boyd and Doris Boyd. Lucy married Henry Hatton Beck (1901–1994) in 1939, setting up the Altamira Pottery together in Murrumbeena. In 1944 they sold the pottery to Lucy's brother Arthur Boyd, John Perceval and Peter Herbst, and it was renamed Arthur Merric Boyd Pottery (AMB). Following Boyd Beck's parents deaths, Merric Boyd in 1959 and Doris Boyd in 1960, they returned to Melbourne and lived at Open Country, the Boyd family property in Murrumbeena. In 1963, they moved to Boronia for a short time before traveling to London, where in 1966 Lucy, Hatton, and their son, Robert Hatton-Boyd established a pottery at Wandsworth Common operating it for four years. Here the family made lamp bases, mugs, decorated plates and bowls, and other utilitarian eathernwares.

## Exhibitions

* Hatton and Lucy Beck ceramics, September 1965, Riek Le Grand's Studio, Canberra.
* Hatton and Lucy Beck ceramics, 29 September-3 October 1965, Studio Nundah, Canberra.
* Hatton and Lucy Beck 4–12 March 1970, Australian Sculpture Gallery, Narrabundah.
* Hatton and Lucy Beck, 30 March-4 April 1976, Macqurie Galleries, Sydney.

## Publications

* Smith, Colin G. Lucy Boyd Beck : life and art. Colin G. Smith, [Murrumbeena, Vic], 2020.

## Collections

* National Gallery of Australia, Canberra.
* National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.
* Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
* Newcastle Art Gallery, New South Wales.
* University of Newcastle, New South Wales.
* Shepparton Art Gallery, Victoria.
# Saskia Santer

Saskia Santer (born 5 December 1977) is an Italian biathlete. She competed at the 2002 Winter Olympics and the 2006 Winter Olympics.

## Cross-country skiing results

All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

### World Cup
#### Season standings

| Season | Age |
| Season | Age | Overall | Long Distance | Middle Distance | Sprint |
| 1995 | 17 | NC | — | — | — |
| 1996 | 18 | NC | — | — | — |
| 1998 | 20 | NC | NC | — | — |
| 1999 | 21 | NC | NC | — | — |
| 2000 | 22 | 80 | 61 | 56 | NC |
# Gymnosphaera podophylla

Gymnosphaera podophylla, synonyms Alsophila podophylla and Cyathea podophylla, is a widespread species of tree fern native to southern China, Hainan, Taiwan, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, the Ryukyu Islands, and Japan. It grows in forest by streams and in ravines at elevations of 600–1000 m.
# Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1794 between Revolutionary France and the First coalition.
The year opened with French forces in the process of attacking the Dutch Republic in the middle of winter. The Dutch people rallied to the French call and started the Batavian Revolution. City after city was occupied by the French. The Dutch fleet was captured, and the stadtholder William V fled to be replaced by a popular Batavian Republic, which supported the revolutionary cause and signed the Treaty of The Hague on 16 May 1795, ceding the territories of North Brabant and Maastricht to France.
With the Netherlands falling, Prussia also decided to leave the coalition, signing the Peace of Basel on 6 April, ceding the west bank of the Rhine to France. This freed Prussia to finish the occupation of Poland.
The French army in Spain advanced, advancing in Catalonia while taking Bilbao and Vitoria and marching toward Castile. By 10 July, Spain also decided to make peace, recognizing the revolutionary government and ceding the territory of Santo Domingo, but returning to the pre-war borders in Europe. This left the armies on the Pyrenees free to march east and reinforce the armies on the Alps, and the combined army overran Piedmont.
Meanwhile, Britain's attempt to reinforce the rebels in the Vendée by landing troops at Quiberon failed, and a conspiracy to overthrow the republican government from within ended when Napoleon Bonaparte's garrison used cannon to fire grapeshot into the attacking mob (which led to the establishment of the Directory).
On the Rhine frontier, General Pichegru, negotiating with the exiled Royalists, betrayed his army and forced the evacuation of Mannheim and the failure of the siege of Mainz by Jourdan. This was a moderate setback to the position of the French.
In northern Italy victory at the Battle of Loano in November gave France access to the Italian peninsula.

## Citations

* ↑ Popkin, 2019. p. 433.
* 1 2 Popkin, 2019, p. 435.
* ↑ Popkin, 2019, pp. 446-447.
# Buddleja parviflora

Buddleja parviflora is large dioecious shrub or small tree endemic to much of upland Mexico north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, in forests at elevations of 750 – 3500 m. The species was first named and described by Kunth in 1818.

## Description

Buddleja parviflora grows to a height of <10 m in the wild, with a trunk < 20 cm in diameter; the bark blackish and exfoliating. The young branches are subquadrangular and tomentose, bearing opposite subcoriaceous leaves of variable shape, 3 – 12 cm long by 1 – 4.5 cm wide. The white to greenish-white inflorescences are paniculate, 3 – 18 cm long by 2 – 12 cm comprising 2 – 3 orders of branches subtended by small leaves and bearing small cymules with 3 – 5 tiny flowers, the campanulate corollas 1 – 1.5 mm long. Ploidy: 2n = 76.

## Cultivation

The species is uncommon in cultivation. Hardiness: USDA zones 8–9.
# Good, Bad & Pretty Things

Good, Bad & Pretty Things is the third studio album by Canadian country music artist Jessie Farrell. It was released on October 6, 2009, by 604. The album's first single is "You Make Me Feel".

## Personnel

* Eddie Bayers - drums, percussion
* Bruce Bouton - lap steel guitar, pedal steel guitar
* Gary Burr - acoustic guitar, resonator guitar
* Jessie Farrell - lead vocals, background vocals
* Kevin Haynie - banjo
* Brent Mason - electric guitar
* Michael Rhodes - bass guitar
* Mike Rojas - accordion, Hammond B-3 organ, keyboards
* Jonathan Yudkin - fiddle, mandolin
* This 2000s country music album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Ironsides, Pennsylvania

Ironsides is a populated place located within the township of Schuylkill in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. It has an estimated elevation of 118 feet (36 m) above sea level.
# I Won't Give Up on You

"I Won't Give Up on You" is a song by the group TKA from their 1990 second album Louder Than Love. The song was released in July 1990 as the second single from the album by Tommy Boy Records. It was written by Stephen Lironi and Dan Navarro and produced by Joey Gardner.

## Track listing

US 12" Single/CD Maxi

## Charts

| Chart (1990) | Peak Position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 65 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play | 15 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales | 24 |
# JPI

JPI may refer to:
* Pope John Paul I (1912–1978)
* Java Platform Interface
* Jeju Peace Institute, a South Korean think tank
* Jinnah Polytechnic Institute, in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
* Joint Programming Initiative by the European Commission
* Journal of Political Ideologies
* J.P. Instruments, American avionics manufacturer
* Juvenile Psychopathic Institute, now the Institute for Juvenile Research at the University of Illinois at Chicago