OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 888 Parysatis

888 Parysatis (prov. designation: A918 CE or 1918 DC) is a stony background asteroid, approximately 44 kilometers (27 miles) in diameter, that is located in the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory on 2 February 1918. The S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.9 hours. It was named after the Persian Queen Parysatis from the Achaemenid Empire of the 5th century BC.

## Orbit and classification

Located in or near the region of the Eunomia family, Parysatis is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,629 days; semi-major axis of 2.71 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 14° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory on 24 May 1906, almost 12 years prior to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg on 2 February 1918.

## Naming

This minor planet was named after the Persian Queen Parysatis of the Achaemenid Empire in the 5th century BC. She was the wife of the king Darius II, and the mother of Artaxerxes II of Persia, after whom the asteroid 831 Stateira was named. The naming was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 86).

## Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Parysatis is a common stony S-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In November 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Parysatis was obtained from photometric observations by Serbian astronomer Vladimir Benishek at Belgrade Observatory. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.9314±0.0002 hours with a brightness variation of 0.22±0.03 magnitude (U=3). The result supersedes other period determinations of (5.49±0.01 h) by Marcos Florczak in 1996, (5.928±0.006 h) by Laurent Bernasconi in 2003, and (5.933±0.001 h) by Michael Fleenor in 2006, and by Andy Monson in 2011 (U=2/3−/3−/2).
In April 2017, another lightcurve with a well-defined period of 5.931±0.003 hours and an amplitude of 0.23±0.03 magnitude was obtained by the Spanish group of asteroid observers, OBAS (U=3).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Parysatis measures (42.18±0.50), (44.65±1.4) and (44.749±0.370) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (0.158±0.005), (0.1392±0.009) and (0.139±0.011), respectively. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.1392 and a diameter of 44.65 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 9.51. Alternative mean-diameter measurements published by the WISE team include (36.24±10.36 km), (41.65±0.49 km) and (46.189±0.607 km) with corresponding albedos of (0.21±0.13), (0.160±0.020) and (0.1300±0.0424).
# Council for Scientific Policy

The Council for Scientific Policy, 1965–1972, was a council set up in the United Kingdom by the Secretary of State for Education and Science. The council advised the secretary of state on all aspects of his responsibilities with reference to science policy.

## History

The main purpose of the Council for Scientific Policy was to advise the government on the resources for science. Before 1965 this advice was given by the Advisory Council on Scientific Policy. The council was instructed to build a constructive relationship with other research councils, and the Ministry of Technology and the Royal Society. The secretariat was run by the Department of Education and Science (DES).
Chair persons:
* 1965–1970: Sir Harrie Massey
* 1970–1972: Sir Frederick Dainton
Most members were eminent scientists drawn from universities and industry. A prominent member was Derek Barton FRS, FRSE an organic chemist and Nobel Prize laureate. Also included were assessors from the Medical Research Council and Agricultural Research Council, representatives from Department of Education and Science, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, and the University Grants Committee, the Cabinet Office and the Ministry of Technology. The council's primary interest was research, carried out in universities and by the other research councils. The council had a number of committees, sub-committees and working parties. In 1972 the Council for Scientific Policy was wound up and most of its functions passed to the Advisory Board for the Research Councils. In 1992, responsibility for scientific matters was transferred to the new Office of Science and Technology.
# Hermann Brockhaus

Hermann Brockhaus (January 28, 1806 – January 5, 1877) was a German Orientalist born in Amsterdam. He was a leading authority on Sanskrit and Persian languages. He was the son of publisher Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus and brother-in-law to composer Richard Wagner. In 1870 he received a combined medal (together with (Fleischer, Pott and Rödiger) in occasion of the 25th anniversary of the DMG.

## Academic career

He studied Oriental languages at the Universities of Leipzig, Göttingen and Bonn where he was a student of August Wilhelm von Schlegel, the founder of German Indology. Afterwards he spent several years in France and England. In 1839 he was appointed associate professor of oriental languages at the University of Jena, teaching Sanskrit and Hebrew beginning in the summer term of 1840. Together with his colleague Johann Gustav Stickel (who taught Semitic languages), Brockhaus established oriental philology at the School of Humanities at Jena. In 1841 Brockhaus followed an appointment to Leipzig, where in 1848 he was appointed a full professor of ancient Indian language at the university. After his death, he was succeeded at the university by Ernst Windisch.

## Published works

Among his better-known works are an edition of Kathâsarit-sâgara (a large collection of tales by Somadeva) and an edition of songs by the Persian lyric poet Hafez (Lieder des Hafis). He also published an edition of the Vendidâd Sâde, an edition of a philosophical drama by Krishna Mishra called Prabodhachandrodaya and was the author of the influential Über den Druck sanskritischer Werke mit lateinischen Buchstaben (Concerning Sanskrit Works Printed in Latin Letters).
From 1853 he was editor of the Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (Journal of the German Oriental Society), and for a period of time was editor of the Ersch-Gruber Allgemeine Encyklopädie.
# Sacada acutipennis

Sacada acutipennis is a species of moth in the family Pyralidae. It was described by Embrik Strand in 1915.

## Distribution

It is found in Cameroon.
# 42 Squadron

42 Squadron or 42nd Squadron may refer to:
* No. 42 Squadron RAAF, Australia
* No. 42 Squadron (Finland)
* No. 42 Squadron RNZAF, New Zealand
* No. 42 Squadron RAF, United Kingdom
* 42 Radar Squadron, Canada
* 42nd Air Refueling Squadron, United States Air Force
* 42nd Attack Squadron, United States Air Force
* 42nd Electronic Combat Squadron, United States Air Force
* 42nd Expeditionary Airlift Squadron, United States Air Force
* 42nd Flying Training Squadron, United States Air Force
* 42nd Tactical Missile Squadron, United States Air Force
* VA-42 (U.S. Navy), Attack Squadron 42
* Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 42, United States Marine Corps
# Blaue Lacke

Blaue Lacke (German for "the Blue Puddle") is a lake in the Stubai Alps in Tyrol, Austria.
* This Tyrol location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Shinichi Nishimiya

Shinichi Nishimiya (西宮 伸一, Nishimiya Shinichi, 1952 – 16 September 2012) was a Japanese diplomat. Nishimiya was appointed as Ambassador of Japan to the People's Republic of China in 2012. However, he died unexpectedly before traveling to China to present his credentials.
Nishimiya studied in the United Kingdom. He was considered one of the leading experts on United States within the Japanese Foreign Ministry. He was well known in U.S. diplomatic and political circles, and was a contributor to programs at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York City.
He served at the Japanese Embassy in Beijing in 2005. In 2007, Nishimiya became the head of the Foreign Ministry's North American Affairs Bureau. He then served as the Japanese Consul-General in New York City before being named a deputy minister in 2010.
Shinichi Nishimiya was appointed as Japan's Ambassador to China in 2012. He was designated to replace outgoing Ambassador Uichiro Niwa, a former chairman of Itochu. Nishimiya's appointment came at a critical time in relations between China and Japan due to an escalation in tensions over the Senkaku Islands dispute and the ongoing 2012 China anti-Japanese demonstrations.
Ambassador Nishimiya collapsed outside of his home shortly after his appointment. He died unexpectedly at a hospital in Tokyo on September 16, 2012, at the age of 60. Japanese Foreign Minister Koichiro Gemba held a press conference to acknowledge the loss of Nishimiya. Gemba noted that it will take time to find a capable replacement for Ambassador to China, especially during the ongoing Senkaku Islands dispute.
# Birecik Bridge

The Birecik Bridge is a 695 m (2,280 ft) long deck arch bridge carrying the D.400 across the Euphrates in Birecik, Turkey.

## Geography

The bridge is on the state highway D.400, which runs from southwest to southeast Turkey. It spans over Fırat River (Euphrates) at about 37°02′N 37°58′E﻿ / ﻿37.033°N 37.967°E﻿ / 37.033; 37.967. The river marks the boundary between Nizip district of Gaziantep Province and Birecik district of Şanlıurfa Province. Birecik is just at the east of the bridge and Nizip is 16 km (9.9 mi) to the west.

## Project and construction

Up to 1956, travel between Gaziantep and Şanlıurfa was difficult, for all vehicles had to transfer to primitive ferries over the Fırat River. The bridge project was one of the major projects of Turkey in the 1950s. The awarded company was Amaç Ticaret Türk AŞ. The governmental inspection was carried out by the General Directorate of Highways. The construction began in August 1951 and the bridge was completed in March 1956.

## Details

The length of the bridge is 695 m (2,280 ft) and it is 11 m (36 ft) wide with1 m (3.3 ft) on each side reserved for pedestrians. There are five arches over the river and fourteen sections over the land. At the time of its completion, it was the third longest bridge in Turkey, after the Karkamış Bridge and Uzunköprü Bridge.

## One of the Turkey's top 50 civil engineering projects

Turkish Chamber of Civil Engineers lists Birecik Bridge as one of the fifty civil engineering feats in Turkey, a list of remarkable engineering projects realized in the first 50 years of the chamber.
# Middlebury College Snow Bowl

The Middlebury College Snowbowl is a ski area in Hancock, Vermont, 13 miles (21 km) east of Middlebury in the Green Mountains. The site has been owned and operated by Middlebury College since its first trails were cut in 1934. The Snowbowl has 17 trails and 3 lifts, offering access to more than 700 acres (2.8 km$^2$) of terrain. In 2006, it became the first carbon-neutral ski area in the United States.

## History

One of the second oldest ski areas in Vermont, the Snowbowl has hosted intercollegiate competitions since the 1930s. The original lodge—a traditional log cabin—was built in 1938 and remains the oldest standing base lodge in the nation.

## The Mountain

Located on the north slope of Worth Mountain, the Snowbowl rises near Middlebury Gap on land willed to Middlebury College by Joseph Battell in 1915. The property is surrounded by the Joseph Battell Wilderness, land once owned by the College but now part of the Green Mountain National Forest. The mountain features 600+ skiable acres, 100 acres of trails and 500 acres of skiable woods. Averaging 200 inches (5.1 m) of natural snowfall annually, additional snowmaking covers nearly half of all trails, including most terrain served by the Worth Mountain and Sheehan chairlifts. The Snowbowl's eastern face, colloquially known as "the backside", relies mainly on natural snow and is accessed by the Bailey Falls triple chairlift.

## Sustainability

Middlebury College Snowbowl carries on Middlebury College's commitment to creating a more sustainable world by implementing efficiency and electrification projects in all of their operations. For the Snowbowl, this has included switching to more efficient snow guns, an electric compressor, and installing more efficient lighting in the lodge.
The Snowbowl endeavors to electrify their vehicle fleet with electric snowmobiles and passenger cars. In the future, they are pursuing projects related to composting and renewable energy.
# 888 Seventh Avenue

888 Seventh Avenue is a 628 ft (191m) tall modern-style office skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan which was completed in 1969 and has 46 floors. Emery Roth & Sons designed the building. 888 Seventh Avenue is L-shaped in plan, with wings extending north to 57th Street and east to Seventh Avenue, around the adjacent Rodin Studios. It currently carries the Vornado Realty Trust corporate headquarters. Previously known as the Arlen Building, it had been named for the company responsible for its construction, Arlen Realty & Development Corporation. The Red Eye Grill is located in the building at street level.
Moed de Armas renovated the Lobby, Elevators & Plaza in 2006, cladding them with white marble. The HVAC was also extensively renovated and the building was later given gold certification by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.
The building is assigned its own ZIP Code, 10106; it was one of 41 buildings in Manhattan that had their own ZIP Codes as of 2019.

## Tenants

* Fordham University
* The Fireman Hospitality Group
* Protiviti
* TPG Capital
* Casimir Capital
* Tulsiani Spectre Trust
* Pershing Square Capital Management
* Visium Asset Management
* Vornado Realty Trust
* Pura Vida Investments
* Lombard Odier Asset Management
* Drake Real Estate Partners
* Caravel Management
* United Talent Agency
* Corcoran Sunshine Marketing Group
* Cumming Corporation
* Schreck Rose Dapello Adams Berlin & Dunham
* Colbeck Capital
# Charles M. Preston

Charles More Preston (November 6, 1848 – November 16, 1909) was an American lawyer and banker from New York City.

## Life

Preston was born on November 6, 1848, in Roxbury, New York, the son of Otis Monroe Preston and Susan Ann More.
While working on his father's farm, Preston attended the Roxbury Academy and the Delaware Literary Institute in Franklin. He graduated from the latter school in 1869. Later that year, he went to Poughkeepsie and studied law in the office of Allard Anthony, the County Judge of Dutchess County. In 1870, he began studying at the Albany Law School. He graduated from there in 1871, and after he was admitted to the bar later that year he moved to Rondout, later part of Kingston. He became general counsel for the National Bank of Rondout shortly afterwards. In 1877, he formed a law partnership with Howard Chipp Jr. known as Preston & Chipp. He served as corporation counsel for the city of Kingston from 1878 to 1882.
In 1887, Preston became a member of the New York State Democratic Committee. In 1889, he unsuccessfully ran for County Judge as a Democrat, losing the election to Alphonso T. Clearwater. In 1890, Governor Hill appointed him Superintendent of the New York State Banking Department, a position he held for two terms. At the end of his term of Superintendent, he became president of the Equitable Securities Company in New York City, a liquidated institution he helped revive. He was also president of the National Bank Rondout from 1897 to 1902, and a receiver of the New York Building Loan-Banking Company until he left for health reasons in 1908. In the 1902 New York state election, he was considered as a nominee for Governor of New York, but the nomination went to Bird Sim Coler. He instead became the candidate for New York State Comptroller, although he lost the election to Nathan L. Miller.
Preston was also president of the Kingston Board of Water Commissioners, president and director of the Kingston Consolidated Railroad Company and the Lincoln Milling Company, and president of the Colonial City Traction Company of Kingston.
Preston was a member of the New York State Bar Association since 1886. He was a member of the Freemasons, the Odd Fellows, and the Knights of Pythias. In 1876, he married Mary Hasbrouck. Their children were Charlotte, Susan, Eloise Ostrander, and Jansen Hasbrouck.
Preston died at home on November 16, 1909. He was buried in Wiltwyck Cemetery in Kingston.
# Here Now

Here Now may refer to:
* "Here Now", a 1991 song from Paul McCartney's Liverpool Oratorio
* Here Now (film), a 2024 film by Gabriele Muccino
# Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland

The Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland (RPII), An Institiúid Éireannach um Chosaint Raideolaíoch, was an independent public body in Ireland under the aegis of the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment. The RPII was established in 1992 under the Radiological Protection Act 1991, which conferred on the RPII a broad remit in relation to radiological protection in Ireland. The RPII was merged with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in August 2014, as part of the Irish Government's Public Sector Reform Plan. RPII's functions are now carried out by the Office of Radiation Protection and Environmental Monitoring within the EPA.
The general functions of the ORP are:
   * To provide advice to the Government, the Minister for the Environment, Community and Local Government and other Ministers on matters relating to radiological safety.
   * To provide information to the public on any matters relating to radiological safety which the ORP deems fit.
   * To maintain and develop a national laboratory for the measurement of levels of radioactivity in the environment, and to assess the significance of these levels for the Irish population.
   * To provide a personnel dosimetry and instrument calibration service for those who work with ionising radiation.
   * To control by licence the custody, use, manufacture, importation, transportation, distribution, exportation and disposal of radioactive substances, irradiating apparatus and other sources of ionising radiation.
   * To assist in the development of national plans for emergencies arising from nuclear accidents and to act in support of such plans.
   * To provide a radioactivity measurement and certification service.
   * To prepare codes and regulations for the safe use of ionising radiation.
   * To carry out and promote research in relevant fields.
   * To monitor developments abroad relating to nuclear installations and radiological safety generally, and to keep the Government informed of their implications for Ireland.
   * To co-operate with the relevant authorities in other states and with appropriate international organisations.
   * To represent the State on international bodies.
   * To be the competent authority under international conventions on nuclear matters.
The RPII was the successor to the Nuclear Energy Board which was formally wound up by the Radiological Protection Act 1991.
# 515th

515th may refer to:
* 515th Air Defense Group, disbanded United States Air Force (USAF) organization
* 515th Air Mobility Operations Wing (515 AMOW), part of Air Mobility Command, stationed at Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii
* 515th Bombardment Squadron, inactive United States Air Force unit
* 515th Parachute Infantry Regiment (United States), Regiment of the US Army during the Second World War
* 515th Strategic Fighter Squadron, inactive United States Air Force unit
# Richard Valle

Richard D. Valle (May 2, 1931 – July 8, 1995) was an American restaurateur who owned and managed the Valle's Steak House chain of restaurants from the death of his father in 1977 to when he sold his controlling shares of the company to a private investor group in 1982.

## Early years

Valle was born in 1931 in Portland, Maine, as the first of two children of Donald Valle and Sue Valle. At the time of his birth, his father was operating a Portland restaurant named "Valle's Steak House." The restaurant soon became one of the most popular restaurants on the East Coast and was described as the busiest steak house in the United States. Richard Valle's first experience in the business was working at his father's side in the Portland restaurant at the age of 11.
Richard Valle graduated from the University of New Hampshire School of Hotel and Restaurant Management. He was a flight instructor in the Air Force during the Korean War, and continued to fly his own aircraft out of the Chatham, Hyannis and Marstons Mills airports until his death.

## Career as a Valle's Executive

Valle held a number of positions in the company and was serving as the company's vice president when his father died in 1977. He then he became the company's president and provided oversight of the company's continued expansion plans. By 1980, faced with declining sales and profits, he decided to bring the company's 12-year expansion program to a halt. At the time, the company had expanded to 32 restaurants along the East Coast. The Valle family was also saddled with an inheritance tax bill resulting from the 1977 death of Donald Valle that it was not prepared to pay.
In 1980, Richard Valle decided to remove himself from the day-to-day management of the company in order to focus on the company's strategic plans as the chairman. At the time, Valle had been involved in all facets of operation and had personally designed the restaurant's paper place mats, selected the earthtone decor of the firm's newest restaurants, and wrote the words to a radio advertisement jingle. Valle had also developed the concept of a smaller restaurant that would only seat 400 customers as opposed to the long-standing design that seated well over a thousand.
Valle's transition to chairman was soon followed by an announcement that he, along with other family members, would sell their controlling shares of the company to a private investment group. The sale was approved by shareholders on August 30, 1982. As part of the sale, Richard Valle became a consultant to the company.

## Death and aftermath

Valle's continued to lose money during the 1980s. On December 27, 1991, the last three Valle's Steak House restaurants that were part of the Valle's chain was closed.
After a long illness, Richard Valle died on July 8, 1995, at the age of 64, in Hyannis, Mass. At the time of his death, he was a resident of Dennis, Mass and had been undergoing treatment at Cape Cod Hospital.
Judith Valle, Richard Valle's sister, had purchased the Portland restaurant from the chain in 1984 and continued operating until Sunday, August 20, 2000.