# List of Soviet human spaceflight missions

This is a list of the human spaceflight missions conducted by the Soviet space program. These missions belong to the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz space programs.
The first patch from the Soviet Space Program was worn by Valentina Tereshkova, then the same patch for the Voskhod 2, Soyuz 4/5 and Soyuz 11, Soyuz 3 had an official insignia that wasn't worn during the flight, and then in the Apollo–Soyuz program. After that and until Soyuz TM-12 "Juno" flight mission patches had been designed only for international missions.

## Vostok program

| Mission | Launch | Duration | Landing | Pilot | Notes |
| Vostok 1 | 12 April 1961 | 1 h 48 m | 12 April 1961 | Yuri Gagarin | First man in space; first human orbital flight |
| Vostok 2 | 6 August 1961 | 1 d 1 h 18 m | 7 August 1961 | German Titov | First full day in space |
| Vostok 3 | 11 August 1962 | 3 d 22 h 22 m | 15 August 1962 | Andriyan Nikolayev | First simultaneous flight of two crewed spacecraft |
| Vostok 4 | 12 August 1962 | 2 d 22 h 56 m | 15 August 1962 | Pavel Popovich | First simultaneous flight of two crewed spacecraft |
| Vostok 5 | 14 June 1963 | 4 d 23 h 7 m | 19 June 1963 | Valery Bykovsky | Joint mission with Vostok 6; longest solo orbital flight |
| Vostok 6 | 16 June 1963 | 2 d 22 h 50 m | 19 June 1963 | Valentina Tereshkova | Joint mission with Vostok 5; first woman in space |

## Voskhod program

| Mission | Patch | Launch | Duration | Landing | Crew | Crew | Crew | Notes |
| Voskhod 1 | | 12 October 1964 | 1 d 0 h 17 m 3 s | 13 October 1964 | Vladimir Komarov | Konstantin Feoktistov | Boris Yegorov | First spacecraft to carry a multiperson crew. |
| Voskhod 2 | | 18 March 1965 | 1 d 2 h 2 m 17 s | 19 March 1965 | Pavel Belyayev | Alexei Leonov | | First walk in space. |

## Soyuz program
### First Soyuz missions to Salyut 1 (1967–1971)

| Order | Mission | Launch | Duration | Landing | Crew | Crew | Crew | Notes |
| 1 | Soyuz 1 | 23 April 1967 | 1 d 2 h 47 m 52 s | 24 April 1967 | V. Komarov | V. Komarov | V. Komarov | Cosmonaut died in crash-landing. |
| 2 | Soyuz 3 | 26 October 1968 | 3 d 22 h 50 m 45 s | 30 October 1968 | G. Beregovoy | G. Beregovoy | G. Beregovoy | Rendezvous with uncrewed Soyuz 2, failed docking. |
| 3 | Soyuz 4 | 14 January 1969 | 2 d 23 h 20 m 47 s | 17 January 1969 | V. Shatalov | A. Yeliseyev landing | Ye. Khrunov landing | Docked with Soyuz 5. Crew transfer. |
| 4 | Soyuz 5 | 15 January 1969 | 3 d 0 h 54 m 15 s | 18 January 1969 | B. Volynov | A. Yeliseyev launch | Ye. Khrunov launch | Docked with Soyuz 4. Crew transfer. |
| 5 | Soyuz 6 | 11 October 1969 | 4 d 22 h 42 m 47 s | 16 October 1969 | G. Shonin | V. Kubasov | | Joint mission with Soyuz 7 & 8. |
| 6 | Soyuz 7 | 12 October 1969 | 4 d 22 h 40 m 23 s | 17 October 1969 | A. Filipchenko | V. Volkov | V. Gorbatko | Joint mission with Soyuz 6 & 8. |
| 7 | Soyuz 8 | 13 October 1969 | 4 d 22 h 50 m 49 s | 18 October 1969 | V. Shatalov | A. Yeliseyev | | Joint mission with Soyuz 6 & 7. |
| 8 | Soyuz 9 | 1 June 1970 | 17 d 16 h 58 m 55 s | 19 June 1970 | A. Nikolayev | V. Sevastyanov | | Cosmonaut endurance test. |
| 9 | Soyuz 10 | 23 April 1971 | 1 d 23 h 44 m 54 s | 25 April 1971 | V. Shatalov | A. Yeliseyev | N. Rukavishnikov | Failed to dock with Salyut 1. |
| 10 | Soyuz 11 | 6 June 1971 | 23 d 18 h 21 m 43 s | 30 June 1971 | G. Dobrovolsky | V. Patsayev | V. Volkov | Visited Salyut 1. All cosmonauts aboard died in reentry from asphyxiation. |

### 1973–1977

| Mission | Order | Launch | Duration | Landing | Crew | Crew | Notes |
| 11 | Soyuz 12 | 27 September 1973 | 1 d 23 h 15 m 32 s | 29 September 1973 | V. Lazarev | O. Makarov | Test of redesigned two-person Soyuz craft. |
| 12 | Soyuz 13 | 18 December 1973 | 7 d 20 h 55 m 35 s | 26 December 1973 | V. Lebedev | P. Klimuk | Carried Orion 2 Space Observatory. |
| 13 | Soyuz 14 | 3 July 1974 | 15 d 17 h 30 m 28 s | 19 July 1974 | Yu. Artyukhin | P. Popovich | Visited Salyut 3. |
| 14 | Soyuz 15 | 26 August 1974 | 2 d 0 h 12 m 11 s | 28 August 1974 | L. Dyomin | G. Sarafanov | Failed to dock with Salyut 3. |
| 15 | Soyuz 16 | 2 December 1974 | 5 d 22 h 23 m 35 s | 8 December 1974 | A. Filipchenko | N. Rukavishnikov | Test of redesigned Soyuz craft. |
| 16 | Soyuz 17 | 11 January 1975 | 29 d 13 h 19 m 45 s | 10 February 1975 | G. Grechko | A. Gubarev | Visited Salyut 4 (1). |
| 17 | Soyuz 18a | 5 April 1975 | 0 d 0 h 21 m 27 s | 5 April 1975 | V. Lazarev | O. Makarov | Launch failure, did not reach Salyut 4. |
| 18 | Soyuz 18 | 24 May 1975 | 62 d 23 h 20 m 8 s | 26 July 1975 | P. Klimuk | V. Sevastyanov | Visited Salyut 4 (2). |
| 19 | Soyuz 19 | 15 July 1975 | 5 d 22 h 31 m | 21 July 1975 | A. Leonov | V. Kubasov | Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: first docking with American spacecraft |
| 20 | Soyuz 21 | 6 July 1976 | 49 d 6 h 23 m 32 s | 24 August 1976 | B. Volynov | V. Zholobov | Visited Salyut 5 (1), departed early. |
| 21 | Soyuz 22 | 15 September 1976 | 7 d 21 h 52 m 17 s | 23 September 1976 | V. Bykovsky | V. Aksyonov | Earth imaging mission – as of 2021 last flight of a Soyuz spacecraft not targeted for a space station. |
| 22 | Soyuz 23 | 14 October 1976 | 2 d 0 h 6 m 35 s | 16 October 1976 | V. Zudov | V. Rozhdestvensky | Failed to dock with Salyut 5. Near-disastrous landing in icy lake. |
| 23 | Soyuz 24 | 7 February 1977 | 17 d 17 h 26 m 0 s | 25 February 1977 | V. Gorbatko | Yu. Glazkov | Visited Salyut 5 (2). |

### Salyut 6 to Salut 7 (1977–1986)

| Order | Patch | Mission | Launch | Duration | Landing | Crew | Crew | Crew | Notes |
| 24 | Soyuz 25 | | 9 October 1977 | 2 d 0 h 44 m 45 s | 11 October 1977 | V. Kovalyonok | V. Ryumin | | Failed to dock with Salyut 6. |
| 25 | Soyuz 26 | | 10 December 1977 | 37 d 10 h 6 m 18 s | 16 January 1978 | G. Grechko launch V. Dzhanibekov landing | Yu. Romanenko launch O. Makarov landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (1); returned with crew of Soyuz 27. |
| 26 | Soyuz 27 | | 10 January 1978 | 64 d 22 h 52 m 47 s | 16 March 1978 | V. Dzhanibekov launch G. Grechko landing | O. Makarov launch Yu. Romanenko landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (2); returned with crew of Soyuz 26. |
| 27 | Soyuz 28 | | 2 March 1978 | 7 d 22 h 17 m 0 s | 10 March 1978 | A. Gubarev | V. Remek | | Visited Salyut 6 (3). |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 28 | Soyuz 29 | | 15 June 1978 | 79 d 15 h 23 m 0 s | 3 September 1978 | V. Kovalyonok launch V. Bykovsky landing | A. Ivanchenkov launch S. Jähn landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (4); returned with crew of Soyuz 31. |
| 29 | Soyuz 30 | | 27 June 1978 | 7 d 22 h 2 m 59 s | 5 July 1978 | P. Klimuk | M. Hermaszewski | | Visited Salyut 6 (5). |
| 30 | Soyuz 31 | | 26 August 1978 | 67 d 20 h 12 m 47 s | 2 November 1978 | V. Bykovsky launch V. Kovalyonok landing | S. Jähn launch A. Ivanchenkov landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (6); returned with crew of Soyuz 29. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 31 | Soyuz 32 | | 25 February 1979 | 108 d 4 h 24 m 37 s | 13 June 1979 | V. Lyakhov launch | V. Ryumin launch | | Visited Salyut 6 (7). Vehicle returned without crew. |
| 32 | Soyuz 33 | | 10 April 1979 | 1 d 23 h 1 m 6 s | 12 April 1979 | N. Rukavishnikov | G. Ivanov | | Failed to dock with Salyut 6. |
| 33 | Soyuz 34 | | 6 June 1979 | 73 d 18 h 16 m 45 s | 19 August 1979 | V. Lyakhov landing | V. Ryumin landing | | Launched uncrewed to Salyut 6, returned with crew of Soyuz 32. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 34 | Soyuz 35 | | 9 April 1980 | 55 d 1 h 28 m 1 s | 3 June 1980 | L. Popov launch V. Kubasov landing | V. Ryumin launch B. Farkas landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (8); returned with crew of Soyuz 36. |
| 35 | Soyuz 36 | | 26 May 1980 | 65 d 20 h 54 m 23 s | 31 July 1980 | V. Kubasov launch V. Gorbatko landing | B. Farkas launch T. Phạm landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (9); returned crew of Soyuz 37. |
| 36 | Soyuz T-2 | | 5 June 1980 | 3 d 22 h 19 m 30 s | 9 June 1980 | V. Aksyonov | Yu. Malyshev | | Visited Salyut 6 (10); test of new model Soyuz spacecraft. |
| 37 | Soyuz 37 | | 23 July 1980 | 79 d 15 h 16 m 54 s | 11 October 1980 | V. Gorbatko launch L. Popov landing | T. Phạm launch V. Ryumin landing | | Visited Salyut 6 (11); returned crew of Soyuz 35. |
| 38 | Soyuz 38 | | 18 September 1980 | 7 d 20 h 43 m 24 s | 26 September 1980 | Yu. Romanenko | A. Tamayo | | Visited Salyut 6 (12). |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 39 | | Soyuz T-3 | 27 November 1980 | 12 d 19 h 7 m 42 s | 10 December 1980 | L. Kizim | O. Makarov | G. Strekalov | Visited Salyut 6 (13). Test of first 3-seat Soyuz since 1971. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 40 | | Soyuz T-4 | 12 March 1981 | 74 d 17 h 37 m 23 s | 26 May 1981 | V. Kovalyonok | V. Savinykh | | Visited Salyut 6 (14). |
| 41 | | Soyuz 39 | 22 March 1981 | 7 d 20 h 42 m 3 s | 30 March 1981 | V. Dzhanibekov | Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa | | Visited Salyut 6 (15). |
| 42 | | Soyuz 40 | 14 May 1981 | 7 d 20 h 41 m 52 s | 22 May 1981 | L. Popov | D. Prunariu | | Visited Salyut 6 (16). |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 43 | | Soyuz T-5 | 13 May 1982 | 106 d 5 h 6 m 11 s | 27 August 1982 | A. Berezovoy launch L. Popov landing | V. Lebedev launch A. Serebrov landing | S. Savitskaya landing | Visited Salyut 7 (1). Returned crew of Soyuz T-7. |
| 44 | | Soyuz T-6 | 24 June 1982 | 7 d 21 h 50 m 52 s | 2 July 1982 | V. Dzhanibekov | A. Ivanchenkov | J.-L. Chrétien | Visited Salyut 7 (2). |
| 45 | | Soyuz T-7 | 19 August 1982 | 113 d 1 h 50 m 44 s | 10 December 1982 | L. Popov launch A. Berezovoy landing | A. Serebrov launch V. Lebedev landing | S. Savitskaya launch | Visited Salyut 7 (3), returned crew of Soyuz T-5. Second woman in space. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 46 | | Soyuz T-8 | 20 April 1983 | 2 d 0 h 17 m 48 s | 22 April 1983 | V. Titov | G. Strekalov | A. Serebrov | Failed to dock with Salyut 7. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 47 | | Soyuz T-9 | 27 June 1983 | 149 d 10 h 45 m 0 s | 23 November 1983 | V. Lyakhov | A. Aleksandrov | | Visited Salyut 7 (4). |
| 48 | | Soyuz T-10-1 | 26 September 1983 | 5 m 13 s | 26 September 1983 | V. Titov | G. Strekalov | | Rocket exploded before launch; crew capsule removed by escape system. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 49 | | Soyuz T-10 | 8 February 1984 | 62 d 22 h 41 m 22 s | 11 April 1984 | L. Kizim launch Yu. Malyshev landing | V. Solovyov launch G. Strekalov landing | O. Atkov launch R. Sharma landing | Visited Salyut 7 (5). Returned crew of Soyuz T-11. |
| 50 | | Soyuz T-11 | 3 April 1984 | 181 d 21 h 48 m 0 s | 2 October 1984 | Yu. Malyshev launch L. Kizim landing | G. Strekalov launch V. Solovyov landing | R. Sharma launch O. Atkov landing | Visited Salyut 7 (6). Returned crew of Soyuz T-10. |
| 51 | | Soyuz T-12 | 17 July 1984 | 11 d 19 h 14 m 36 s | 29 July 1984 | V. Dzhanibekov | S. Savitskaya | I. Volk | Visited Salyut 7 (7). |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 52 | | Soyuz T-13 | 6 June 1985 | 112 d 3 h 12 m 0 s | 26 September 1985 | V. Dzhanibekov | V. Savinykh launch G. Grechko landing | | Visited and reactivated Salyut 7 (8). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-14. |
| 53 | | Soyuz T-14 | 17 September 1985 | 64 d 21 h 52 m 8 s | 21 November 1985 | V. Vasyutin | A. Volkov | G. Grechko launch V. Savinykh landing | Visited Salyut 7 (9). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-13. Mission ended early due to Vasyutin's illness. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 54 | | Soyuz T-15 | 13 March 1986 | 125 d 0 h 0 m 56 s | 16 July 1986 | L. Kizim | V. Solovyov | | Visited Mir (1) and Salyut 7 (10). |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||

### Crewed Soyuz-TM Mir missions (1987–1991)

| Order | Mission | Launch | Duration | Landing | Crew | Crew | Crew | Notes |
| 55 | Soyuz TM-2 | 5 February 1987 | 174 d 3 h 25 m 56 s | 30 July 1987 | Yu. Romanenko launch A. Viktorenko landing | A. Laveykin | M. Faris landing | Visited Mir (2). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-3. |
| 56 | Soyuz TM-3 | 22 July 1987 | 160 d 7 h 25 m 56 s | 29 December 1987 | A. Viktorenko launch Yu. Romanenko landing | A. Aleksandrov | M. Faris launch A. Levchenko landing | Visited Mir (3). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-2 and TM-4. |
| 57 | Soyuz TM-4 | 21 December 1987 | 178 d 22 h 54 m 29 s | 17 June 1988 | V. Titov launch A. Solovyev landing | M. Manarov launch V. Savinykh landing | A. Levchenko launch A. Aleksandrov landing | Visited Mir (4). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-5. |
| 58 | Soyuz TM-5 | 7 June 1988 | 91 d 10 h 46 m 25 s | 7 September 1988 | A. Solovyev launch V. Lyakhov landing | V. Savinykh launch | A. Aleksandrov launch A. Mohmand landing | Visited Mir (5). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-6. Difficulties with rocket firing to leave orbit. |
| 59 | Soyuz TM-6 | 29 August 1988 | 114 d 5 h 33 m 49 s | 21 December 1988 | V. Lyakhov launch V. Titov landing | V. Polyakov launch M. Manarov landing | A. Mohmand launch J.-L. Chrétien landing | Visited Mir (6). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-4 and TM-7 |
| 60 | Soyuz TM-7 | 26 November 1988 | 151 d 11 h 8 m 24 s | 27 April 1989 | A. Volkov | S. Krikalev | J.-L. Chrétien launch V. Polyakov landing | Visited Mir (7). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-6. |
| no Soviet space station occupied and crew in space ||||||||||
| 61 | Soyuz TM-8 | 5 September 1989 | 166 d 6 h 58 m 15 s | 19 February 1990 | A. Viktorenko | A. Serebrov | | Visited Mir (8). |
| 62 | Soyuz TM-9 | 11 February 1990 | 179 d 1 h 17 m 57 s | 9 August 1990 | A. Solovyev | A. Balandin | | Visited Mir (9). |
| 63 | Soyuz TM-10 | 1 August 1990 | 130 d 20 h 35 m 51 s | 10 December 1990 | G. Manakov | G. Strekalov | T. Akiyama$^1$ landing | Visited Mir (10). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-11. |
| 64 | Soyuz TM-11 | 2 December 1990 | 175 d 1 h 50 m 41 s | 26 May 1991 | V. Afanasyev | M. Manarov | T. Akiyama$^1$ launch H. Sharman$^1$ landing | Visited Mir (11). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-12. |
| 65 | Soyuz TM-12 | 18 May 1991 | 144 d 15 h 21 m 50 s | 10 October 1991 | A. Artsebarsky | S. Krikalev launch T. Aubakirov landing | H. Sharman$^1$ launch F. Viehböck landing | Visited Mir (12). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-13. |
| 66 | Soyuz TM-13 | 2 October 1991 | 175 d 2 h 51 m 44 s | 25 March 1992 | A. Volkov | T. Aubakirov launch S. Krikalev landing | F. Viehböck launch K.-D. Flade landing | Visited Mir (13). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-14. The Soviet Union had dissolved by the time the craft returned to earth. |
For subsequent Soyuz missions conducted by the Russian Federal Space Agency, see List of Russian human spaceflight missions.