OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shaping Psychology

Shaping Psychology: Perspectives on Legacy, Controversy and the Future of the Field is a 2020 book written by Tomasz Witkowski.
The book is a collection of comprehensive conversations with influential psychologists from the early 21st century. The book features interviews with notable figures who have significantly impacted the field, covering a broad spectrum of specializations from research, mental health, critical psychology, to neuroscience and the Open Science movement. Interviewees include Elizabeth F. Loftus, Jerome Kagan, Michael I. Posner, Scott O. Lilienfeld, Robert J. Sternberg, Robert Plomin, Susan J. Blackmore, Joseph E. LeDoux, Noam Chomsky, Roy F. Baumeister, Erica Burman, Brian A. Nosek, Vikram H. Patel, Daniel Kahneman, and Carol A. Tavris. These experts discuss the controversies, crisis, and future prospects of psychology, sharing their views on the challenges in the field, their careers, and their formative experiences.

## Reception

In her review for Science-Based Medicine and Skeptical Inquirer, Harriet Hall offered insights into the book. She notes:
   Tomasz Witkowski’s new book [...] provides an intriguing look at the current state of psychology, its problems and possible solutions, and hopes for the future. [...] I have met several of the people Witkowski interviewed, but now I feel as if I have spent more time with them and know them better. And I have learned a lot from them. If you want to meet these psychologists and learn about the current state of psychology, this book is a great way to do it. Witkowski’s unique approach has resulted in a very readable, entertaining, and very informative book.
Michael Heap, editor of the Skeptical Intelligencer, commented in his review:
   Amongst the issues about which Witkowski is most concerned are the quality, utility and validity of much of the research being published nowadays; the ‘replication crisis’; the efficacy of many psychotherapeutic practices that psychologists seem willing to embrace; and the failure of psychologists to mount a sufficiently strong challenge to their psychiatric colleagues’ fetish for diagnostic labelling. [...] The picture that emerges from the book is quite representative of the discipline as a whole.
In his review of the book for Skeptiker, Rouven Schäfer writes:
   An enlightening journey through the contemporary world of psychology.The book conveys refreshing perspectives and also optimism since it has been stated several times that, especially among young scientists who are still at the beginning of their careers, the awareness of the necessary change is already very pronounced. It remains to be seen whether psychology will burn in the flames of its massive criticism or whether it will rise again like a phoenix from the ashes and armed with better research methods. An unusually impressive reading pleasure that gives you goosebumps at one point or another and provides important impulses.
# Intersection theorem

In projective geometry, an intersection theorem or incidence theorem is a statement concerning an incidence structure – consisting of points, lines, and possibly higher-dimensional objects and their incidences – together with a pair of objects A and B (for instance, a point and a line). The "theorem" states that, whenever a set of objects satisfies the incidences (i.e. can be identified with the objects of the incidence structure in such a way that incidence is preserved), then the objects A and B must also be incident. An intersection theorem is not necessarily true in all projective geometries; it is a property that some geometries satisfy but others don't.
For example, Desargues' theorem can be stated using the following incidence structure:
* Points: $\{A,B,C,a,b,c,P,Q,R,O\}$
* Lines: $\{AB,AC,BC,ab,ac,bc,Aa,Bb,Cc,PQ\}$
* Incidences (in addition to obvious ones such as $(A,AB)$): $\{(O,Aa),(O,Bb),(O,Cc),(P,BC),(P,bc),(Q,AC),(Q,ac),(R,AB),(R,ab)\}$
The implication is then $(R,PQ)$—that point R is incident with line PQ.

## Famous examples

Desargues' theorem holds in a projective plane P if and only if P is the projective plane over some division ring (skewfield) D — $P=\mathbb {P} _{2}D$. The projective plane is then called desarguesian. A theorem of Amitsur and Bergman states that, in the context of desarguesian projective planes, for every intersection theorem there is a rational identity such that the plane P satisfies the intersection theorem if and only if the division ring D satisfies the rational identity.
* Pappus's hexagon theorem holds in a desarguesian projective plane $\mathbb {P} _{2}D$ if and only if D is a field; it corresponds to the identity $\forall a,b\in D,\quad a\cdot b=b\cdot a$.
* Fano's axiom (which states a certain intersection does not happen) holds in $\mathbb {P} _{2}D$ if and only if D has characteristic $\neq 2$; it corresponds to the identity a + a = 0.
# Achryson uniforme

Achryson uniforme is a species in the longhorned beetle family Cerambycidae. It is found in Bolivia and Paraguay.
# Sheldon Reynolds

Sheldon Reynolds may refer to:
* Sheldon Reynolds (producer) (1923–2003), American television producer
* Sheldon Reynolds (guitarist) (1959–2023), American guitarist with Earth, Wind and Fire
# Massachusetts House of Representatives' 3rd Suffolk district

Massachusetts House of Representatives' 3rd Suffolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Boston in Suffolk County. Democrat Aaron Michlewitz of the North End has represented the district since 2009.
The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Suffolk and Middlesex district and 2nd Suffolk district.

## Representatives

* Peter Higgins, circa 1858
* Asa D. Pattee, circa 1858-1859
* John C. Tucker, circa 1859
* John E. Hayes, circa 1888
* John W. O'Neil, circa 1888
* Thomas H. Green, circa 1920
* John Francis Harvey, circa 1920
* Christopher A. Iannella, circa 1951
* Gabriel Francis Piemonte, circa 1951
* Katherine Kane, 1965-1968
* O. Roland Orlandi, circa 1975
* Salvatore DiMasi
* Aaron M. Michlewitz, 2009-current
# Sericostachys

Sericostachys is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae.
Its native range is Tropical Africa.

## Species

Species:
* Sericostachys scandens Gilg & Lopr.
* Sericostachys tomentosa Lopr.
# Mais do Mesmo

Mais do Mesmo (transl. More of the Same) is the second compilation album by Brazilian rock band Legião Urbana. It was released in 1998, two years after vocalist, acoustic guitarist and keyboardist Renato Russo's death and the subsequent end of the band. All songs were extracted from all eight albums of the group, under Marcelo Bonfá's and Dado Villa-Lobos' choices. In Brazil, over a million copies were sold and the album was subsequently certified Diamond by ABPD.
It's the band's first de facto compilation, since the previous one, Música P/ Acampamentos, consisted almost entirely of live recordings. The art project was done by Barrão and Fernanda Villa-Lobos. Mais do Mesmo was the original planned name of their third album, which was ultimately released as Que País É Este.
In the CD booklet, there is a text by journalist and Russo's friend Arthur Dapieve, in which he defines Legião Urbana albums as: "the political Legião Urbana, the lovely Dois, the angry Que País É Este 1978/1987, the religious As Quatro Estações, the shadowy V, the depressed A Tempestade and the redeemer Uma Outra Estação".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Dado Villa-Lobos, Renato Russo and Marcelo Bonfá (1, 9-15) or Russo only (3-8), except where noted

## Personnel

* Renato Russo - lead vocals, bass guitar, acoustic guitar, keyboards
* Dado Villa-Lobos - guitar, acoustic guitar, bass guitar
* Marcelo Bonfá - drums
* Renato Rocha - bass guitar on tracks 1-8
# Ravier

Ravier is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Daniel Ravier (born 1948), French football player
* Gustave Ravier (1850–1918), French politician
* Guy Ravier (1937–2023), French politician
* Jean-Christophe Ravier (born 1979), French racing driver
* Stéphane Ravier (born 1969), French politician
# Afterwards

Afterwards may refer to:
* Afterwards (1928 film), a British silent drama film
* Afterwards (2008 film), a psychological thriller film
* Afterwards (2017 film), a Canadian drama film
* Afterwards (play), a 1933 mystery play by Walter C. Hackett
* Afterwards, a novel by Rosamund Lupton
# Haufe Buzzer 2

The Haufe Buzzer 2 is an American high-wing, strut-braced single-seat motor glider that was designed and constructed by Walter Haufe.

## Design and development

After Haufe's earlier Buzzer was deemed less than successful, due to the insufficiently reliable Nelson Aircraft engine, Haufe retired that design and designed a new aircraft, which became the Buzzer 2. Intended to be a cross between a conventional sailplane and a light aircraft the aircraft was built with a 34 ft (10.4 m) wing span and has a 16:1 glide ratio.
The Buzzer 2 is constructed with a welded steel tube fuselage and a wooden wing, all covered with doped aircraft fabric covering. The relatively low 8:1 aspect ratio wing uses a single spar and is supported by a single lift strut. The wing employs a modified NACA 2412 airfoil. The landing gear is a fixed monowheel and two wing-mounted outrigger wheels that support the wing during taxiing. The engine is a Curtiss snowmobile engine that turns at a maximum rpm of 6000, powering the propeller through an oil-immersed 2:1 chain reduction drive, giving a propeller speed of 3000 rpm.
Only one Buzzer 2 was constructed.

## Operational history

Haufe reported that the aircraft uses 600 ft (183 m) to take-off and climbs at about 500 feet per minute (2.5 m/s). The aircraft was still on the US Federal Aviation Administration registry in July 2011, registered in the Experimental - Amateur-built category.

## Specifications (Buzzer 2)

Data from Sailplane Directory and Soaring
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 34 ft 0 in (10.36 m)
* Wing area: 124 sq ft (11.5 m$^2$)
* Aspect ratio: 8:1
* Airfoil: NACA 2412 modified
* Empty weight: 390 lb (177 kg)
* Gross weight: 600 lb (272 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Curtiss two stroke snowmobile engine
Performance
* Maximum glide ratio: 16:1
* Rate of climb: 500 ft/min (2.5 m/s)
* Wing loading: 4.8 lb/sq ft (23 kg/m$^2$)
# Chambolle-Musigny wine

Chambolle-Musigny wine is produced in the village of Chambolle-Musigny in Côte de Nuits of Burgundy. The Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) Chambolle-Musigny may only be used for red wine with Pinot noir as the main grape. There are 25 Premier Cru vineyards in Chambolle-Musigny, and two Grand Cru vineyards: Musigny and Bonnes Mares. The AOC was created in 1936.
In 2008, 152.23 hectares (376.2 acres) of vineyard surface was in production for Chambolle-Musigny at village and Premier Cru level, and 6,044 hectoliter of wine was produced, corresponding to slightly over 800,000 bottles. Within the commune, there are also vineyards (on the flatter land to the east of the N74 road) which are only entitled to the regional Bourgogne appellation.
The main grape variety is Pinot noir for red Musigny, and Chardonnay for white Musigny. The AOC regulations also allow up to 15 per cent total of Chardonnay, Pinot blanc and Pinot gris as accessory grapes in the red wine, but this not very often practiced. The allowed base yield is 40 hectoliter per hectare. The grapes must reach a maturity of at least 10.5 per cent potential alcohol for village-level wine, and 11.0 per cent for Premier Cru wine.
The wines of Chambolle-Musigny are typically described as the most "feminine" among the red wines of the Côte de Nuits, with floral elegance rather than power.

## Premiers Crus

The 25 climats in Chambolle-Musigny listed below are classified as Premier Cru vineyards. Their wines are designated Chambolle-Musigny Premier Cru + vineyard name, such as Chambolle-Musigny Premier Cru Les Amoureuses. They may also be labelled just Chambolle-Musigny Premier Cru, in which case it is possible to blend wine from several Premier Cru vineyards within the AOC.
In 2007, 55.43 hectares (137.0 acres) of the total Chambolle-Musigny vineyard surface consisted of Premier Cru vineyards, with an annual production of 2,052 hectoliter (corresponding to around 270,000 bottles) measured as a five-year average.
| Les Véroilles Les Sentiers Les Baudes Les Noirots Les Lavrottes Les Fuées Les Grands Murs Aux Beaux Bruns Aux Echanges | Les Charmes Les Plantes Aux Combottes Derrière la Grange Les Gruenchers Les Groseilles Les Combottes Les Feusselottes | Les Chatelots Les Cras Les Carrières Les Chabiots Les Amoureuses Les Borniques Les Hauts Doix La Combe d'Orveau |
Of these Premier Cru vineyards, Les Amoureuses, is typically seen as the best of the group with Les Charmes as number two. The wines of Les Amoureuses are seen as very similar to the wines of Musigny (which borders on Les Amoureuses), and often command prices similar to other Grand Cru wines.

## Grands Crus

The two Grands Crus, Bonnes-Mares and Musigny, form their own AOCs. Bonnes-Mares covers 16.24 hectares (40.1 acres), of which a small part is located in the neighbouring commune of Morey-Saint-Denis, and Musigny covers 10.32 hectares (25.5 acres). Musigny is the only Grand Cru vineyard in Côte de Nuits which may also produce white wine, from Chardonnay under its AOC designation, although white wine make up less than 10 per cent of the production.
# Frost & Fire

Frost & Fire is a 288-page collection of short stories and essays by Roger Zelazny. It was printed in 1989 by William Morrow.

## Contents

* "An Exorcism, of Sorts"
* "Permafrost"
* "LOKI 7281"
* "Dreadsong"
* "Itself Surprised" - a story set in the Berserker shared universe.
* "Dayblood"
* "Constructing A Science Fiction Novel"
* "The Bands of Titan"
* "Mana from Heaven" - a story set in Larry Niven's Warlock universe, updated to modern times.
* "Night Kings", first published in Worlds of If, September-November 1986
* "Quest's End"
* "24 Views of Mt. Fuji, by Hokusai"
* "Fantasy and Science Fiction: A Writer's View"
# Jennifer MacLean

Jennifer MacLean is known for being the chief executive officer at 38 Studios, an independent game developer, from 2009 to 2012 and the executive director of the IGDA from September 2017 to April 2019.

## Biography
### Early career

After beginning her career working with Brian Reynolds and Sid Meier at Microprose Software in 1992, she joined AOL in 1996, where she became Programming Director for the Games Channel. She went on to become vice president and general manager of games at Comcast Corporation, and the chair of the board of directors for the International Game Developers Association. In March 2008 she joined 38 Studios as Senior Vice President of business development, and moved into the position of CEO in the same company in August 2009.

### Late career

MacLean left the 38 Studios upon its bankruptcy in 2012; dating her departure to March 2012, when she took a leave of absence. As an executive director at the IGDA, MacLean joined Amazon and became the director of their worldwide business development. She has stated that her main goal is to work with small to medium-sized game developers and that her new position will allow her to help with the development of the different stages within Amazon Web Services, Alexa, Twitch Prime, and Amazon.com
At IGDA, MacLean was responsible for expanding new chapters in Pakistan, Istanbul, Kenya, and Fortaleza. Special interest groups for Latinx and Muslim game developers were also formed under MacLean's leadership.
MacLean announced in 2019 that she would be stepping down from her position as Executive Director of the IGDA.
She is a frequent speaker at interactive entertainment industry events, and has earned a BA in International Relations from the Johns Hopkins University and an MBA with a concentration in International Business from the Columbia Business School.

## Recognition

MacLean was named one of the "Game Industry's 100 Most Influential Women" by Next Generation and one of the top 20 Women in Games by Gamasutra.
# Christian Thomas (long jumper)

Christian Thomas (born 31 March 1965) is a retired West German long jumper.
Thomas represented the sports club TV Heppenheim. His personal best jump was 8.21 metres, achieved in July 1994 in Germering. This ranks him tenth among German long jumpers, behind Lutz Dombrowski, Frank Paschek, Josef Schwarz, Henry Lauterbach, Marco Delonge, Konstantin Krause, Dietmar Haaf, Ron Beer and Uwe Lange, and equal to Georg Ackermann and Nils Winter.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing West Germany |||||
| 1987 | World Indoor Championships | Indianapolis, United States | 15th | 7.48 m |
| 1987 | European Indoor Championships | Liévin, France | 3rd | 8.12 m |
| 1989 | European Indoor Championships | The Hague, Netherlands | 9th | 7.75 m |
| 1990 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, Scotland | 4th | 7.88 m |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 12th | 7.74 m (wind: 0.0 m/s) |
| Representing Germany |||||
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 20th (q) | 7.66 m (wind: +0.5 m/s) |
# Masatlar, Taşköprü

Masatlar is a village in the Taşköprü District of Kastamonu Province in Turkey. Its population is 206 (2021).
# Harold Castle

Harold Castle (11 December 1861 – 4 February 1934) was a Jamaican cricketer. He played in five first-class matches for the Jamaican cricket team from 1894 to 1897.
# Sandwater

The Sandwater near Simonswolde (in the municipality of Ihlow) in the north German district of Aurich is a shallow fen lake on the edge of the geest and is one of the few remaining, preserved, natural "inland seas" in East Frisia. The lake was formed probably during the warm climatic period of the Atlantic (period) about 5000 years ago, then disappeared temporarily after land uplifting and climate changes, only to reappear about 2000 years ago.
Since 1973 the Sandwater and several surrounding wetland areas with a total area of 59 hectares (150 acres) have been designated as a nature reserve. The extensive reed beds have an important function in providing nesting and feeding grounds for reed breeders and waterfowl. The expanding beds of common reed, however, are causing the lake to gradually silt up and reduce the area of open water - currently still about 0.223 square kilometres (22.3 ha; 55 acres). Here large carpets of floating plants - the White and Yellow Water Lilies - dominate the scene, and also accelerate the accumulation of mud and silt. Since the lake was dyked at the beginning of the 1960s and the surrounding area drained, the original hydrology and eutrophication of the lake has changed considerably. Previously the Sandwater had a particularly rich variety of underwater flora which produced relatively nutrient-rich, clean water (c.f. its name!), for example it contained many rare species of pondweed as well as von Floating Water-plantain (Luronium natans) and Lesser Water-plantain (Baldellia ranunculoides). Today plants such as Frogbit, Water Violet, Flowering Rush and Arrowhead may be seen.

## Sources

van Dieken, Jan (1970). Beiträge zur Flora Nordwestdeutschlands unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Ostfrieslands. Verlag C. L. Mettcker & Söhne, Jever. [ISBN unspecified] (possibly out of print)
# Aftertones

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Christgau's Record Guide | B− |
| Wilson and Allroy | |
| Rolling Stone Album Guide (1992) | |
Aftertones is the eighth album by American singer/songwriter Janis Ian, recorded 1975 in various New York studios and released 1976 by Columbia Records. "Love Is Blind" was a #1 single in Japan for six months. It was the highest-selling album by a solo female artist in Japan and was also a top twenty and gold record in the United States, Ireland and Holland. "I Would Like to Dance" reached #86 in Canada.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Janis Ian

## Charts

| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 12 |
| Australian (Kent Music Report) | 45 |
| Canada (RPM (magazine) | 81 |

## Personnel

* Janis Ian – vocals, guitar, piano
* Jeff Layton, Al Gorgoni, Bucky Pizzarelli – guitar
* Stu Woods, Richard Davis – bass guitar
* Barry Lazarowitz – percussion
* Arthur Jenkins – congas
* Claire Bay, Brooks Arthur, Odetta, V. Martin Fink – vocals
* Phoebe Snow – obligato vocals on "Hymn"
* Larry Spencer, Pete Nater, Tom Malone, Ernie Royal, Joe Shepley – trumpet
* Mickey Gravine, Lewis Kahn, Wayne Andre – trombone
* Donald Corrado, Earl Chapin, Jim Buffington – French horn
* Charles McCracken, Jesse Levy, Bruce Rogers, Kermit Moore, Max Hollander – cello
* Ezra Kliger, Gene Orloff, Julius Schacter, Kathryn Kienke, Harry Cykman, Harry Lookofsky, Michael Comins, Paul Winter – violin
* Emanuel Vardi, Eugenie Dengel, George Brown, David Sackson, Jennifer Ward Clarke – viola
* Gonzalo Fernandez – wooden flute on "I Would Like to Dance"
* George Young – tenor saxophone on "Belle of the Blues"
* Artie Kaplan – baritone saxophone on "Belle of the Blues"; bass clarinet on "Don't Cry, Old Man"
* Phil Bodner – oboe, alto flute, English horn on "Goodbye to Morning"
* Romeo Penque – oboe, alto flute, piccolo flue, English horn on "Goodbye to Morning"; contrabass clarinet on "Don't Cry, Old Man"
* Mike Gibson – arranger, conductor on "I Would Like to Dance"
* Jerry Ragovoy – arranger, conductor on "Belle of the Blues"
* Ron Frangipane – arranger, conductor on "Don't Cry, Old Man"

## Production

* Produced by Brooks Arthur
* Album photography: Peter Cunningham
* Album design: David L’Heureux
# Jean-Robert Argand

Jean-Robert Argand (UK: /ˈɑːrɡænd/, US: /ˌɑːrˈɡɑːn(d)/, French:; July 18, 1768 – August 13, 1822) was a Genevan amateur mathematician. In 1806, while managing a bookstore in Paris, he published the idea of geometrical interpretation of complex numbers known as the Argand diagram and is known for the first rigorous proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra.

## Life

Jean-Robert Argand was born in Geneva, then Republic of Geneva, to Jacques Argand and Eve Carnac. His background and education are mostly unknown. Since his knowledge of mathematics was self-taught and he did not belong to any mathematical organizations, he likely pursued mathematics as a hobby rather than a profession.
Argand moved to Paris in 1806 with his family and, when managing a bookshop there, privately published his Essai sur une manière de représenter les quantités imaginaires dans les constructions géométriques (Essay on a method of representing imaginary quantities). In 1813, it was republished in the French journal Annales de Mathématiques. The Essay discussed a method of graphing complex numbers via analytical geometry. It proposed the interpretation of the value i as a rotation of 90 degrees in the Argand plane. In this essay he was also the first to propose the idea of modulus to indicate the magnitude of vectors and complex numbers, as well as the notation for vectors ${\overrightarrow {ab}}$. The topic of complex numbers was also being studied by other mathematicians, notably Carl Friedrich Gauss and Caspar Wessel. Wessel's 1799 paper on a similar graphing technique did not attract attention.
Argand is also renowned for delivering a proof of the fundamental theorem of algebra in his 1814 work Réflexions sur la nouvelle théorie d'analyse (Reflections on the new theory of analysis). It was the first complete and rigorous proof of the theorem, and was also the first proof to generalize the fundamental theorem of algebra to include polynomials with complex coefficients.
The first textbook containing a proof of the theorem was Cauchy's Cours d'analyse de l'École Royale Polytechnique (1821). It contained Argand's proof, although Argand is not credited for it. And the proof was later referenced in Chrystal's influential textbook Algebra.
Argand died of an unknown cause on August 13, 1822, in Paris. In 1978 his proof of the fundamental theorem of algebra was called by The Mathematical Intelligencer “both ingenious and profound.”