OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# MAASP

Maximum Allowable Annulus Surface Pressure is an absolute upper limit for the pressure in the annulus of an oil and gas well as measured at the wellhead.

## Background

Preserving well integrity is a vital task for the operators. This includes ensuring that the annuli remain intact. One major threat to annulus integrity is overpressure within the annulus, which could lead to burst or collapse of a casing or damage to the formation below. This will happen first at the shoe of the annulus because the pressure will naturally be higher with the weight of the column of brine. However, annuli usually only have pressure gauges at the wellhead. Therefore, a MAASP is calculated to provide a surface pressure, which will produce the limiting pressure at the shoe.

## Determining a MAASP

There are four different ways an annulus may be overpressured: burst of the outside casing, collapse of the inside casing, fracturing of the formation at the shoe, overpressure of the surface equipment. Each of these produces its own limiting pressure at the shoe. The MAASP is taken as the most limiting of these.
The following example is for the 'B' annulus of a gas lifted well, filled with 1.2 sg brine from the shoe at 4070ftTVD (true vertical depth) to surface.

### Burst of outside casing

In this well, the outside casing of the 'B' annulus is 13+3⁄8 in (340 mm) N80 grade with a weight of 68 lb⋅ft (92 N⋅m)$^{−1}$. The burst pressure of this casing is 5020 psi. 1.2 sg brine produces a pressure gradient of 0.52 psi.ft$^{−1}$ (see Well kill for the mathematical basics of hydrostatic heads). Therefore, the column of brine produces a pressure difference between top and bottom of 2116 psi. Therefore, the pressure at the wellhead can reach 2904 psi before 5020 psi is reached at the bottom. Therefore, the MAASP for casing burst is 2904 psi.

### Collapse of inside casing

The inside casing is 9+5⁄8 in (240 mm) L80 47 lb⋅ft (64 N⋅m)$^{−1}$. The collapse pressure of this casing is 4750 psi. Therefore, pressure at the shoe of the 'B' annulus cannot exceed this. Given a hydrostatic head of 2116 psi, the pressure at the wellhead must not exceed 2634 psi.

### Fracturing the formation

Geologists will have logged fracture pressures of the formation as the well was drilled. This can be used to provide a limiting pressure much as before. If the cement used to cement the casing in place is still intact, fracturing the formation is not a hazard.

### Surface equipment

Wellheads usually have a pressure rating of 5000 psi, 10,000 psi or 15,000 psi. These are far in excess of the other limits.

### Published MAASP

Collapse of the 9+5⁄8 in (240 mm) casing is clearly the limiting factor so the MAASP will be published as 2634 psi.
# Abraxas sinopicaria

Abraxas sinopicaria is a species of moth belonging to the family Geometridae. It was described by Wehrli in 1934. The species habitates around Sichuan, China.
# Salado River (Oaxaca)

The Salado River is a river in the states of Puebla and Oaxaca in Mexico.

## Geography

The Salado and its tributaries drain the Tehuacán and Cuicatlán valleys. The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valleys extends northwest-southeast through southeastern Puebla and northern Oaxaca. They are bounded on the east by the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca and on the west by the Sierra Mixteca. The Salado originates in Puebla, and flows southeastwards to join the Grande River, which flows northwestwards. The confluence of the Salado and Grande rivers forms the Santo Domingo River, which flows eastwards through the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca to join the Papaloapan River, which then empties into the Gulf of Mexico.

## Ecology

The Tehuacán and Cuicatlán valleys are in the arid rain shadow of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, and the climate of the valley floor is semi-arid to arid. The northern portion of the valley is mostly scrubland, part of the Tehuacán Valley matorral ecoregion. The southern portion of the valley is mostly dry forest, a southeastern outlier of the Balsas dry forests ecoregion. The mountain slopes are home to pine–oak forest, with the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine–oak forests to the east and the Sierra Madre del Sur pine–oak forests to the west.
The valleys are home to a great diversity of native plant species. Much of the area is part of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve.
# Castro Barros (Buenos Aires Underground)

Castro Barros is a station on Line A of the Buenos Aires Metro. The station was opened on 1 April 1914 as part of the extension of the line from Plaza Miserere to Río de Janeiro.
# Bishop of Moosonee

Bishop of Moosonee can refer to:
* Roman Catholic Bishop of Moosonee
* Anglican Bishop of Moosonee
# Sechelt Aerodrome

Sechelt Aerodrome (IATA: YHS, TC LID: CAP3) is located 1.3 nautical miles (2.4 km; 1.5 mi) south southeast of the centre of Sechelt, British Columbia, Canada.
# Chasmomma

Chasmomma is a genus of hoverflies.

## Species

* C. nigrum Curran, 1927
# Black-winged trumpeter

The black-winged trumpeter (Psophia obscura), also called the dusky trumpeter, is a species of bird in the family Psophiidae. It was formerly listed as a subspecies of the dark-winged trumpeter but is now considered a separate species. It only has a population of about 50–250 individuals, with its small population continuing to decrease. This species is vulnerable to hunting and its population may be so low that it is likely split into two subpopulations.
# Spirit (Malachi Thompson album)

Spirit is an album by the American jazz trumpeter Malachi Thompson recorded and released by the Delmark label in 1983.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
AllMusic reviewer Scott Yanow stated: "This is a varied advanced jazz set by trumpeter Malachi Thompson ... the strong band plays five originals that cover a lot of different moods ... Worth exploring".

## Track listing

All compositions by Malachi Thompson, except where indicated.
* "Spirit of Man" – 6:49
* "Back to the One" – 7:07
* "A Rising Daystar" – 7:07
* "Dhyia Malika" – 8:27
* "I Remember Clifford" (Benny Golson) – 7:53
* "Dearly Beloved" (John Coltrane) – 4:45 Additional track on CD reissue
* "No More Hard Times" – 4:30

## Personnel

* Malachi Thompson – trumpet
* Carter Jefferson – tenor saxophone
* Albert Dailey – piano
* James King – bass
* Nasar Abadey – drums
* Randy Abbott – congas
* Arnae Burton (track 2), Leon Thomas (track 7) – vocals
# Abraxas suspecta

Abraxas suspecta is a species of moth belonging to the family Geometridae. It was described by William Warren in 1894. It is known from China.
There are four generations per year.
The larvae feed on Euonymus japonicus. The species overwinters as a pupa.
# Bathyamaryllis kapala

Bathyamaryllis kapala is a species of amphipod in the family Amaryllididae, and was first described in 2002 by James K. Lowry and Helen E. Stoddart.
The species holotype (AM P36868) is female, and was carrying 16 eggs. It was collected on a bottom trawl on 1980-12-10 by the FRV Kapala, trawling at a depth of about 900 m, off the New South Wales coast. The species is named for the vessel.
# Ringle (surname)

Ringle is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bartholomew Ringle (1814–1881), American politician
* Christian M. Ringle, professor of management
* John Ringle (1848-1923), American businessman and politician
* Oscar Ringle (1878-1945), American politician and lawyer
# Streptosporangiaceae

Streptosporangiaceae is a family of bacteria.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
| 16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 08-RS214 |
| Bailinhaonella Feng et al. 2019 Rhizohabitans Yamada et al. 2023 Sinosporangium Zhang et al. 2011 Streptosporangium species-group 2 Streptosporangium carneum Mertz & Yao 1990 Planomonospora Thiemann et al. 1967 Streptosporangium Couch 1955 Thermocatellispora Zhou et al. 2012 Thermoactinospora Zhou et al. 2012 Thermopolyspora Krassilnikov and Agre 1964 ex Goodfellow et al. 2005 Thermostaphylospora Wu et al. 2018 Sphaerisporangium corrig. Ara and Kudo 2007 [incl. Spongiactinospora] Acrocarpospora Tamura et al. 2000 Herbidospora Kudo et al. 1993 Planotetraspora Runmao et al. 1993 Microtetraspora Thiemann et al. 1968 Sphaerimonospora Mingma et al. 2016 Microbispora Nonomura and Ohara 1957 Nonomuraea corrig. Zhang et al. 1998 [incl. Planobispora] | Streptosporangiales Treboniaceae Nocardiopsaceae Thermomonosporaceae Streptosporangiaceae s.s. Bailinhaonella Thermopolyspora Sphaerisporangium Acrocarpospora Herbidospora Microtetraspora Planotetraspora Sphaerimonospora Thermobispora Wang et al. 1996 Microbispora Sinosporangium Spongiactinospora Li et al. 2019 Thermocatellispora Thermostaphylospora Planomonospora Planomonospora venezuelensis Thiemann 1967 Planobispora Thiemann and Beretta 1968 Streptosporangium Nonomuraea [incl. Thermoactinospora] Streptosporangiaceae s.l. |
# James Sheane

James Sheane (born 1772–78, died 1816) was an architect from Roscrea, County Tipperary, Ireland.

## Career

Sheane designed St. Cronan's Church, Roscrea (Church of Ireland), as well as glebe houses at Modreeny and Kilrushall.

## Personal life

Sheane married Anne Cole, daughter of James Cole. They had one son, also named James, who was born in 1812. The family lived on a 279-acre estate named Manor House in Mountmellick, County Laois. Sheane Senior died in 1816 and was buried in the graveyard of St. Cronan's Church, which he had designed. Sheane Junior died on 30 October 1877 in Manor House. He was survived by his son James Cole Sheane.
# Sechelt Peninsula

The Sechelt Peninsula is located on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, just northwest of Vancouver. It is bounded to the west by Malaspina Strait (separating it from Texada Island), to the north by Agamemnon Channel (separating it from Nelson Island) and Jervis Inlet, to the east by Sechelt Inlet (separating it from mainland British Columbia), and to the south by the Strait of Georgia (separating it from Vancouver Island. Its approximately 350 km$^2$ is a mixture of drier and wetter temperate rain forest. The Caren Range extends north–south along the shore of Sechelt Inlet. The peninsula is a popular outdoor recreation destination, containing many lakes and opportunities for shoreline and woodland hiking, including to the renowned Skookumchuk Narrows. There are several parks, the largest of which is Spipiyus Provincial Park in the interior of the peninsula.
The population of approximately 28,000 is strung out along Highway 101, which generally traces the southern and western coastline. The major economic activities are tourism and logging.
There is just one incorporated district on the peninsula - Sechelt, located at the isthmus between Sechelt Inlet and the Georgia Strait. Other communities include:
* Earls Cove: Site of the ferry terminal to the upper Sunshine Coast communities of Powell River and Lund.
* Egmont
* Halfmoon Bay
* Madeira Park
* Pender Harbour
* Secret Cove
49°35′57″N 123°55′26″W﻿ / ﻿49.5991°N 123.9240°W﻿ / 49.5991; -123.9240
* This article about a location on the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Chasmoptera huttii

Chasmoptera huttii (common name – spoon winged lacewing) is an insect in the spoonwing family (Nemopteridae). found in Western Australia.
It was first described in 1848 by John Obadiah Westwood as Nemoptera huttii. The original species epithet, Huttii, honours John Hutt, governor of Western Australia (1839–1846).
The adults are diurnal flying insects.

## Gallery

* Moore River NP
# Bristow, Missouri

Bristow is an unincorporated community in Vernon County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

## History

A post office called Bristow was established in 1897, and remained in operation until 1901. The community has the name of Joseph L. Bristow, a postal official and afterward U.S. Senator from Kansas.
# Hale, Surrey

Hale is a village in Surrey, England or part of Farnham, towards Aldershot excluding the area between the two to the east which is Badshot Lea, and without formal definition in part overlaps Weybourne and Heath End, Surrey. The history of Farnham being a vast town parish (over many square miles) in the late medieval age means all three small places overlapping, which are difficult to class as villages, for example Farnham Youth football club is in two possible alternates, or within greater Farnham as its name suggests, and some maps give Lower Hale and Upper Hale but the area between is indistinct and all of the village is quite elevated so this extremely fine distinction unless referring to an extreme end is deprecated. On the side of the Farnham clay and sandstone range. Some housing and roads have views southward towards the Greensand Ridge from Hindhead to Ewhurst. The electoral ward Farnham Upper Hale has a population of 4,241. Often the eastern built-up (low-rise) area, Weybourne is considered separately but both localities share all amenities and form a neatly buffered settlement.

## History

There is evidence that the area has been occupied since the Mesolithic period. Some of the oldest surviving buildings in Hale date from the late 17th century, in the area once known as Hungry Hill.
The oldest place of worship in the village is a chapel built in 1834. St John's Church was founded in 1844. It was paid for by Bishop Sumner and designed by the architect Benjamin Ferrey. Sumner is buried in the churchyard with his wife.
Hale grew rapidly after 1854 when the British Army became established in Aldershot. Many people came to the area seeking employment in building the nearby town and barracks. As the cottages spread, those nearer to Aldershot formed a separate village, which became known as Heath End. In recognition of the services they had rendered, the army gave the villagers of Hale 2 acres (0.81 ha) of land for a new cemetery, Upper Hale Cemetery. The church of St Mark the Evangelist was built opposite the cemetery in 1883.

## Buildings and structures

At Upper Hale, there is at 51°14'5"N 0°48'54"W a 27.43 metres (90 ft) tall wooden radio tower. It is one of the few wooden radio towers in the world and today used by radio amateurs as ATV relay station .

## Schools
### Primary schools

There are two primary schools in Upper Hale, which are:
* Hale School
* Folly Hill Infant School
As well as these, William Cobbett Primary School is also on the outskirts of nearby Weybourne.

### Secondary schools

There are no secondary schools in Hale, but Farnham Heath End School is very close-by, and All Hallows School is in Weybourne, near to William Cobbett Primary School.

### Higher education

All Higher Education options would be provided by nearby Guildford, Farnham and Farnborough.
# Saint-Martin-d'Abbat

Saint-Martin-d'Abbat (French pronunciation:) is a commune and town in the Loiret department in the administrative region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is located in the natural region of Loire Valley.
# Ringleben, Kyffhäuserkreis

Ringleben is a village and a former municipality in the district Kyffhäuserkreis, in Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 January 2019, it is part of the town Bad Frankenhausen.
# Hamahiga Island

Hamahiga Island (浜比嘉島, Japanese: Hamahiga-jima, Okinawan: Bamahija-shima) is an island located in the Yokatsu Islands of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Its administered by the city of Uruma and is located near the Katsuren Peninsula.
Hamahiga has a total population of 600 people. There are two villages on the island, Hama (浜) to the north and Higa (比嘉) to the south.

## History

During the Sanzan period, Hamahiga and the rest of the Yokatsu Islands were under the control of Chūzan. By the 15th century, Chūzan had united the Okinawa Islands, forming the Ryukyu Kingdom.
In 1879, Japan annexed the Ryukyu Kingdom, turning it into Okinawa Prefecture. Hamahiga was a part of this prefecture until the end of World War II, when Okinawa in its entirety were placed under the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands from 1950 to 1972. After the Okinawa Reversion Agreement, Hamahiga was once again placed under the administration of Japan.

## Culture

Hamahiga Island is notable for its preservation of Okinawan culture. This can be seen in the widespread usage of both traditional cuisine and architecture.
In the Ryukyuan religion, it's believed that the creation goddess, Amamikyu, and her partner, Shinerikyu, lived in a cave in southern Hamahiga after creating the Okinawa Islands. Amamikyu's tomb is also said to be in Hamahiga.
# Jamestown, Elkhart County, Indiana

Jamestown (also known as Jimtown) is an unincorporated community in Baugo Township, Elkhart County, Indiana.

## History

Jamestown was officially established as a village in 1835, a few years after eight families formed a settlement at the location, which was near a Potawatomi community. It was named for its founder, James Davis.

## Geography

Jamestown is traversed by Baugo Creek, with the Saint Joseph River to the north.

## Education

The community's schools are operated by the Baugo Community Schools district, with approximately 1900 students, and include Jimtown High School, Jimtown Junior High School, and Jimtown Elementary School. The Jimtown school mascot is the Jimmie.
# Keith Kuhlmann

Keith Kuhlmann (born 15 December 1955) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for West Adelaide and Glenelg in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL).
A key position defender, Kuhlmann started his career in 1973 at West Adelaide and was a regular member of their team during the 1970s. Such was his consistency that he was never dropped to the West Adelaide reserves. He crossed to Glenelg in 1979 and played well enough to be selected to the South Australian interstate team four times. His interstate performances in 1980, at fullback, saw him named in the All-Australian team.
In 2023 Kuhlmann was inducted into the Glenelg Football Club Hall of Fame.
# Afrosciadium

Afrosciadium is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the carrot family, Apiaceae. It was split from the genus Peucedanum in 2008 by P.J.D. Winter, et al.
Its native range is Tropical and Southern Africa.
Species:
* Afrosciadium abyssinicum (Vatke) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium afrum (Meisn.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium articulatum (C.C.Towns.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium dispersum (C.C.Towns.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium englerianum (H.Wolff) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium eylesii (C.Norman) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium friesiorum (H.Wolff) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium gossweileri (C.Norman) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium harmsianum (H.Wolff) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium kerstenii (Engl.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium lundense (Cannon) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium lynesii (C.Norman) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium magalismontanum (Sond.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium natalense (Sond.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium nyassicum (H.Wolff) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium platycarpum (Sond.) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium rhodesicum (Cannon) P.J.D.Winter
* Afrosciadium trisectum (C.C.Towns.) P.J.D.Winter
# Squatting in Suriname

Squatting in Suriname is the occupation of unused land or derelict buildings without the permission of the owner. Maroons and indigenous peoples such as Tiriyó Amerindians have squatted buildings and illegal gold prospectors have occupied land.

## History

Suriname became an independent republic in 1975, after previously being a Dutch colony. The Dutch had recognised the land rights of the coastal Amerindians since 1686, and land rights of the various maroon groups from 1760 onwards. In 1815, following the ratification of the Convention of London, Suriname became the only Dutch colony in the Guianas.
In the 1990s, squatters occupied government-built housing at Koewarasan and called their occupation Sunny Point. The occupiers were mostly Maroons, who had been displaced by the Surinamese Interior War. The village of Pokigron was destroyed in the conflict and people ended up squatting in a barracks near Paramaribo.
The Tiriyó Amerindians have a habit of squatting abandoned sites. People moved from Kwamalasamutu to Alalapadu in the 1970s, then Alalapadu was re-occupied from 1999 onwards. Derelict colonial-era buildings in Kuruni were also squatted.$^{:32}$ In Amatopo, houses had been built for an abandoned bauxite mining project. The first two settlers moved into the unused buildings near the airstrip and a pilot chased them away. Asongo Alalaparu, the granman (paramount chief of the tribe), told them to return and build their houses next to the facilities which were already present.
The presence of gold in the interior, has attracted garimpeiros (illegal gold prospectors) who come mainly from Brazil. They have founded Antonio do Brinco and Villa Brazil among others.
# Heirloom (disambiguation)

Heirloom(s) may refer to:
* Heirloom, an item passed down through generations
* Heirloom plant, a cultivar grown during earlier periods of human history
** Heirloom tomato, an heirloom cultivar of tomato
* "Heirloom", a song from the album Before the Calm by Witness, 1999
* "Heirloom", a song from the album Vespertine by Björk, 2001
* "Heirloom", a song from the EP All Delighted People by Sufjan Stevens, 2010
* "Heirloom", a song from the album Clouds by Apollo Brown, 2011
* "Heirloom", a song from the album The Slideshow Effect by Memoryhouse, 2012
* "Heirloom", a song from the album The End, So Far by Slipknot, 2022
* "Heirlooms", a song from the album Älskar by Nina Nesbitt, 2022
* The Heirloom Project, a collection of traditional Unix software adapted to modern standards
# Gotti

Gotti may refer to:

## People with the name
### People with the surname

* Gotti (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name)

### People with the stagename

* Irv Gotti, stage name of Irving Domingo Lorenzo Jr., American DJ and record producer
* Juan Gotti, stage name of Juan Ramos, Mexican-American rapper
* Mwata "Gotti" Mitchell, member of the American hip-hop duo Boo & Gotti
* Yo Gotti, stage name of Mario Mims (born 1981), American rapper
* Young Gotti, stage name of Ricardo Emmanuel Brown (born 1972), American rapper, also known as Kurupt

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Gotti (1996 film), a 1996 HBO television film directed by Robert Harmon
* Gotti (2018 film), starring John Travolta
* "Gotti" (song), a song by 6ix9ine
* Getting Gotti, a 1994 television film centered on a Brooklyn Assistant District Attorney Diane Giacalone
* Growing Up Gotti, an American reality television series that appeared on A&E
# Boe & Quilla District

Boe & Quilla District is one of 17 sub-district of Nimba County, Liberia. As of 2008, the population was 18,262. The clans of Boe & Quilla district: Boe, Gosenter, Quella, Sarlay.