OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ballance's sign

Ballance's sign is used in medical diagnosis. Its indications are dullness to percussion in the left flank LUQ and shifting dullness to percussion in the right flank seen with splenic rupture/hematoma. During trauma assessment of the abdomen, "Ballance's sign" may be observed upon exam.
The dullness in the left flank is due to coagulated blood, the shifting dullness on the right due to fluid blood.
It is named for Charles Alfred Ballance, an English surgeon, 1856–1936.
# Baghdad International School

Baghdad International School (BIS) was an international school near Baghdad International Airport in Baghdad, Iraq. It followed the British curriculum and used English as the medium of instruction. It was governed by a committee made of nine members, five appointed by the UN Development Programme and four parents. It served Kindergarten/nursery through the final year of high school/sixth-form (K-12).

## History

It was initially established in 1969.
In 1983 the school received its latest charter. It had 900 students at that time. Around 1987 it had 500 students.
Due to the possibility of the U.S. government invading Iraq, around December 2002 European students withdrew from the school. In 2003 the school had a budget of $500,000 U.S. dollars. At the beginning of the year the school had 230 students from 38 countries. After Arab and Asian students withdrew from the school the enrollment plummeted to 133 as of February 2003, including 30 Iraqis who were children of diplomats. The school's final director was Graham Cherry, a New Zealander.

## Operations

Students were required to take Arabic classes. Iraqi students paid nominal tuition while foreign students, as of 2003, were charged every year from $2,000 to $2,700 U.S. dollars.
# List of mayors of Como

The mayor of Como is an elected politician who, along with the Como's city council, is accountable for the strategic government of Como in Lombardy, Italy.
The current mayor is Alessandro Rapinese, an independent who took office on 29 June 2022.

## Overview

According to the Italian Constitution, the mayor of Como is member of the city council.
The mayor is elected by the population of Como, who also elects the members of the city council, controlling the mayor's policy guidelines and is able to enforce his resignation by a motion of no confidence. The mayor is entitled to appoint and release the members of his government.
Since 1994 the mayor is elected directly by Como's electorate: in all mayoral elections in Italy in cities with a population higher than 15,000 the voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives at least 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. The election of the city council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally.

## Republic of Italy (since 1946)
### City council election (1946–1994)

From 1946 to 1994, the mayor of Como was elected by the city council.
| | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party |
| 1 | Giuseppe Terragni | 1946 | 1952 | DC |
| 2 | Paolo Piadeni | 1952 | 1956 | DC |
| 3 | Lino Gelpi | 1956 | 1970 | DC |
| 4 | Antonio Spallino | 1970 | 1985 | DC |
| 5 | Sergio Simone | 1985 | 1988 | PSI |
| 6 | Angelo Meda | 1988 | 1990 | DC |
| 7 | Felice Bernasconi | 1990 | 1992 | DC |
| 8 | Renzo Pigni | 1992 | 1993 | Ind |
| Special Prefectural Commissioner tenure (1993–1994) |||||

### Direct election (since 1994)

Since 1994, under provisions of new local administration law, the mayor of Como is chosen by direct election, originally every four then every five years.
| | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party | Coalition | Election |
| 9 | Alberto Botta | 12 July 1994 | 8 June 1998 | FI | FI • AN • CCD | 1994 |
| 9 | Alberto Botta | 8 June 1998 | 28 May 2002 | FI | FI • AN • CCD | 1998 |
| 10 | Stefano Bruni | 28 May 2002 | 28 May 2007 | FI | FI • LN • AN • UDC | 2002 |
| 10 | Stefano Bruni | 28 May 2007 | 21 May 2012 | FI | FI • LN • AN • UDC | 2007 |
| 11 | Mario Lucini | 21 May 2012 | 27 June 2017 | PD | PD • SEL | 2012 |
| 12 | Mario Landriscina | 27 June 2017 | 29 June 2022 | Ind | FI • LN • FdI | 2017 |
| 13 | Alessandro Rapinese | 29 June 2022 | Incumbent | Ind | Ind | 2022 |
# Gnosall Rural District

Gnosall was a rural district in Staffordshire, England from 1894 to 1934. It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 from that part of the Newport Rural Sanitary District which was in Staffordshire (the rest forming Newport Rural District in Shropshire).
It consisted of the parishes of Adbaston, Church Eaton, Forton, Gnosall, High Offley, Norbury and Weston Jones.
The district was abolished in 1934 under a County Review Order. Most of it became part of the Stafford Rural District, with part going to Cannock Rural District. In 1940, there was a statue erected to commemorate the district.
# List of mammals that perform mass migrations

Mass migrations take place, or used to take place, by the following mammals:
Africa:
* Hartebeest
* Springbok
* Black wildebeest
* Blue wildebeest
* Blesbok
* Tiang
* Burchell's zebra
* Quagga (extinct)
* Thompson's gazelle
* Mongalla gazelle
* White-eared kob
* Grant's gazelle
* Scimitar-horned oryx
* Giant eland
North America:
* Pronghorn
* Mule deer
* Bison
* Wapiti
* Mexican free-tailed bat
North America and Eurasia:
Eurasia:
* Siberian roe deer
* Chiru
* Kulan
* Mongolian gazelle
* Saiga
Of these migrations, those of the springbok, black wildebeest, blesbok, scimitar-horned oryx, and kulan have ceased.
# List of highways numbered 795

Route 795 or Highway 795 may refer to:

## Canada

* Alberta Highway 795
* Saskatchewan Highway 795

## United States

* Interstate 795 (disambiguation)
* Maryland Route 795
* Nevada State Route 795
* Ohio State Route 795
* Puerto Rico Highway 795
| Preceded by 794 | Lists of highways 795 | Succeeded by 796 |
# List of highways numbered 789

The following highways are numbered 789:

## Canada

* Alberta Highway 789 (former)
* Saskatchewan Highway 789

## United States

* U.S. Route 789 (former proposal)
* Arizona State Route 789 (former)
* Colorado State Highway 789 (former)
* Florida State Road 789
** County Road 789 (Manatee County, Florida)
** County Road 789 (Sarasota County, Florida)
*** County Road 789A (Sarasota County, Florida)
* Georgia State Route 789 (former proposal)
* Louisiana Highway 789
* Mississippi Highway 789
* Montana Highway 789 (former)
* Nevada State Route 789
* New Mexico State Road 789 (former)
* Farm to Market Road 789
* Virginia State Route 789
* Wyoming Highway 789
| Preceded by 788 | Lists of highways 789 | Succeeded by 790 |
# List of highways numbered 791

The following highways are numbered 791:

## United States

* LA 791 (former)
* PA 791
* PR-791
* SC 791
* FM 791
| Preceded by 790 | Lists of highways 791 | Succeeded by 792 |
# S4G reactor

The S4G reactor is a naval pressurized water reactor used by the United States Navy to provide electricity generation and propulsion on warships. The S4G designation stands for:
* S = Submarine platform
* 4 = Fourth generation core designed by the contractor
* G = General Electric was the contracted designer
This nuclear reactor is the shipboard equivalent of the S3G reactor. It was installed in a dual-configuration on USS Triton with two reactors and two five-blade propellers, which was the first ship to make a submerged circumnavigation of the world. As installed in USS Triton the two S4G's were rated for a combined 78 MW (105,000 hp).
# Bana (fly)

Bana is a genus of robber flies in the family Asilidae, found in southern Africa. There are at least two described species in Bana.

## Species

These two species belong to the genus Bana:
* Bana apicida Londt, 1992
* Bana madiba Londt, 2013
# SPARC64

SPARC64 or sparc64 may refer to:
* sparc64, an alternative name used by free software projects for the SPARC V9 instruction set architecture
* HAL SPARC64, a microprocessor designed by HAL Computer Systems
# Godfrey Samuelson

Godfrey Blundell Samuelson (3 June 1863 – 3 November 1941) was a British Liberal Party politician. He sat in the House of Commons from 1887 to 1892.
Samuelson unsuccessfully contested the 1885 general election in the Tewkesbury division of Gloucestershire. He was unsuccessful again at the 1886 general election in the Frome division of Somerset, where he was defeated by the Conservative candidate in what had been a Liberal-held seat.
He entered Parliament the following year, when he was elected at by-election in July 1887 as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Forest of Dean, following the resignation of the Liberal MP Thomas Blake.
Samuelson did not stand again at the next general election, in 1892.
# Bangriposi

Bangriposi also known as Bangiriposi, Bangriposhi is a town in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha, India.

## Geography

It is located at 22°10′0″N 86°32′0″E﻿ / ﻿22.16667°N 86.53333°E﻿ / 22.16667; 86.53333, 174 metres (571 ft) above sea level.

## Location

National Highway 49 passes through Bangriposi. The town is surrounded by Similipal National park. The temple of Goddess Maa Dwarasuni is situated here. Budhabalanga river passes through Bangriposi. Bangriposi railway station serves with all the necessary facilities to the peoples. It has a great role in promoting tourism here.

## Demographics

Bangriposi is a medium size village located in Bangiriposi of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha with 130 families. The Bangriposi village has population of 525 of which 274 are males while 251 are females as per Population Census 2011.
In Bangriposi village population of children with age 0-6 is 56 which makes up 10.67% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Bangriposi village is 916 which is lower than Odisha state average of 979. Child Sex Ratio for the Bangriposi as per census is 1074, higher than Odisha average of 941.
Bangriposi village has lower literacy rate compared to Odisha. In 2011, literacy rate of Bangriposi village was 69.72% compared to 72.87% of Odisha. In Bangriposi Male literacy stands at 80.16% while female literacy rate was 58.11%.
As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Bangriposi village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village.
| Particulars | Total | Male | Female |
| Total No. of Houses | 130 | - | - |
| Population | 525 | 274 | 251 |
| Child (0-6) | 56 | 27 | 29 |
| Schedule Caste | 24 | 14 | 10 |
| Schedule Tribe | 207 | 108 | 99 |
| Literacy | 69.72% | 80.16% | 58.11% |
| Total Workers | 251 | 162 | 89 |
| Main Worker | 120 | 100 | 20 |
| Marginal Worker | 131 | 62 | 69 |
# Bangrove Wood, Ixworth

Bangrove Wood is an 18.6-hectare (46-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Ixworth in Suffolk, England.
This is ancient coppice with standards on clay soil with diverse herb flora. The most common trees are ash, field maple and hazel, with many oak standards. Flora include early purple orchid, wood anemone and pale wood violet.
The site is private land with no public access.
# Bangru

Bangru may refer to:
* Bangru language (Haryana), or Haryanvi, an Indo-Aryan language of north-central India
* Bangru language (Arunachal Pradesh), a possibly Sino-Tibetan language of northeastern India
* Bangru, Tibet, a village in the Tibetan Autonomous Region, China
# Imre Hercz

Imre Hercz (10 March 1929 – 24 July 2011) was a Jewish Hungarian-Norwegian physician and public debater.
Hercz was born in Transylvania and had his childhood years in Nagyvárad, in the Hungarian part of Romania. At the age of 15, he was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp in May 1944, later to Vernichtungslager Kaufbeuren (also known as Riederloh II) and then to Dachau concentration camp, but survived. After being hospitalized in Amberg for five and a half years, he recovered and emigrated to Norway in 1952 as one of several Jewish Holocaust-survivors of lesser health accepted to Norway with substantial grants from Joint to the Norwegian government. He finished secondary education in 1955 and graduated from the University of Oslo with a cand.med. degree in 1961. He worked in Tønsberg, Vinstra and Brumunddal from 1962 to 1970, before opening a medical clinic in Høvik in 1971. He resided in Nesbru, and later moved to Høvik.
Hercz represented the Liberal Party as a deputy in Ringsaker municipal council from 1968 to 1970, and chaired the local party branch. He was a board member of the Mosaic Religious Community (Jewish Community in Oslo) from 1972 to 1991, member of the Norwegian Refugee Council from 1972 to 1991, national board member of the Norwegian Medical Association from 1981 to 1993 and national council member of Allmennpraktiserende Legers Forening (General Practicians Association) from 1984 to 1991.
Hercz is well known from the public debate on health policy, but even more so in the debate on defamation and anti-Semitism. He has held several public speeches, among others for school students. In February 2009 he won a ruling from Pressens Faglige Utvalg, where a comedian aired on national TV 2 was admonished for defamation and breach of the Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press. In June 2011 he was awarded the King's Medal of Merit. He received patients in his office at Høvik Legesenter even up to his death, making him, at 82 years of age, one of the oldest practicing doctors in Norway.
Hercz was married and had four children. He died in July 2011.
# Qillqata

Qillqata (Aymara for "written" or "something written", other spellings Kelkhata, Khelkhata, Khellkhata, Killkata, Quelcata, Qellqata, Quellcata, Quellqata, Quelcata, Queljata, Quilcata) may refer to:
* Qillqata or Qala Qala, an archaeological site in the Oruro Department, Bolivia
* Qillqata (Arequipa-Moquegua), a mountain in the Arequipa Region and the Moquegua Region, Peru
* Qillqata (Chuquisaca), a mountain in the Chuquisaca Department, Bolivia
* Qillqata (Cochabamba), a mountain in the Quillacollo Province, Cochabamba Department, Bolivia
* Qillqata (Condesuyos-La Unión), a mountain in the Condesuyos Province and the La Unión Province, Arequipa Region, Peru
* Qillqata (Cusco), a mountain in the Cusco Region, Peru
* Qillqata (La Paz), a mountain in the La Paz Department, Bolivia
* Qillqata (Tapacarí), a mountain in the Tapacarí Province, Cochabamba Department, Bolivia
# Quai Aimé-Césaire

The Quai Aimé-Césaire is a quay on the right bank of the Seine in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France.

## Location

The quay is entirely located between the Seine and the Tuileries Garden. The vehicles can drive on the quay from west to east only.
The quay is served by station Tuileries of Métro Line 1, as well as by RATP Bus Lines 24 and 72 and Noctilien Lines 11 and 24.

## History

Until the First French Empire, the path on the southern boundary of the Tuileries Garden was a dirt track. It was paved in 1806.
The quay was inaugurated under its current name on 26 June 2013 on a former part of the Quai des Tuileries. Its name referring to Martinican poet, author and politician Aimé Césaire was chosen by the Paris Municipal Council in March 2013.
# SS Athen (1893)

SS Athen was a German merchant ship lost off Portland Bill in the English Channel in 1906. Today, the wreck becomes a dive site.

## History

The steam cargo ship was originally built in 1893 as yard number 406 by British builders Richardson, Duck & Co., located in Thornaby, Stockton-on-Tees. The engine was built by Blair & Co. Ltd., also in Stockton-on-Tees. The iron cargo ship was launched in June 1893 in Stockton. SS Athen was a single screw vessel with a 1 x 3 cyl. triple expansion engine (serial No. 1149), consisting of two boilers and a single shaft. She managed 9 knots on her trial, and was 2,199 grt, whilst having dimensions of 277.5 and 37.5 feet. The ship was owned by A. C. de Freitas & Co. in Hamburg until 1901, when it was sold to Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt A.G. - Hamburg-Amerika Linie - HAPAG of Hamburg. It was sold again in 1903 to its third and final owners Gätjens & Jarke in Hamburg.
The ship sank on 18 March 1906 as the result of a collision on passage from Cardiff for Antwerp with patent fuel when collided with the British steamer SS Thor off Portland Bill. The wreck today lies at a minimum depth of 51 metres and a max of 57, about 8–10 miles south-east off Portland Bill. The wreck sits upright and complete although the majority of decking has collapsed inwards. The engine remains visible, whilst the coal block cargo, weighing around 28 lbs each, (Patent Fuel blocks), remain scattered around the site. These bear the words "Patent Cardiff" along with a crown. HAPAG crockery has been recovered from the wreck as has her stern dolphin binnacle and builders plate. Additionally one or two brass letters of her name have been found and recovered in the bow area, along with some portholes.
# SS Athelstane

A number of steamships were named Athelstane, including-
* SS Athelstane (1872), a cargo ship in service 1872–92
* SS Athelstane (1918), a tanker in service 1935–42
* SS Athelstane (1920), a tanker in service 1922–26
* SS Athelstane (1928), a coastal tanker in service 1928–35
* SS Athelstane (1941), a tanker in service 1941–45
# Pyramidanthe

Pyramidanthe is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Annonaceae. It includes 12 species native to western Malesia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo), New Guinea, and the Northern Territory of Australia.

## Species

12 species are accepted.
* Pyramidanthe beccarii (Scheff.) Bangk. & Chaowasku – New Guinea
* Pyramidanthe clementis (Merr.) Bangk. & Chaowasku – Borneo
* Pyramidanthe cylindrica (Maingay ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Bangk. & Chaowasku – Peninsular Malaysia
* Pyramidanthe dielsii (J.Sinclair) Bangk. & Chaowasku – northwestern Borneo
* Pyramidanthe elegans (Hook.f. & Thomson) Bangk. & Chaowasku – southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia
* Pyramidanthe kentii (Blume) Bangk. & Chaowasku – Borneo, Java, and Peninsular Malaysia
* Pyramidanthe ledermannii (Diels) Bangk. & Chaowasku – New Guinea
* Pyramidanthe mabiformis (Griff.) Bangk. & Chaowasku – Peninsular Malaysia
* Pyramidanthe prismatica (Hook.f. & Thomson) Merr. – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
* Pyramidanthe schlechteri (Diels) Bangk. & Chaowasku – New Guinea
* Pyramidanthe silvatica (Diels) Bangk. & Chaowasku – New Guinea
* Pyramidanthe tiwiensis (Jessup & Bygrave) Bangk. & Chaowasku – Northern Territory (Tiwi Islands)
# Pro set

In American football, the pro set or split backs formation is a formation that has been commonly used as a "base" set by professional and amateur teams. The "pro set" formation features an offensive backfield that deploys two running backs aligned side-by-side instead of one in front of the other as in traditional I-formation sets. It was an outgrowth of the three-running-back T-formation, with the third running back (one of the halfbacks) in the T becoming a permanent flanker, now referred to as a wide receiver.
This formation has been particularly popular because teams can both run and pass the football out of it with an equal amount of success. It keeps defenses guessing what type of play the offense will run. Because the backs are opposite each other, it takes the defense longer to read the gap through which the offense will run the ball.

## Overview

The set can be run with a single tight end and two receivers or no tight ends and three receivers.
A standard pro set places the backs about 5 yards behind the line of scrimmage, spaced evenly behind the guards or tackles. In this look, teams may utilize two halfbacks, or one halfback and one fullback.
A variation of the pro set places the backs offset toward either side. This look is almost universally used with one fullback and one halfback. The backs line up closer to the line of scrimmage than in a standard pro set, about 3 yards deep. The fullback lines up directly behind the quarterback, in the same spot as in the I-Formation. The halfback then lines up behind either the left or right tackle.
Once the run has been established, it can be a dangerous formation. Because of the real threat of a team running out of the pro-set, defenses must respect the play fake and play run. This pulls the safety to the line and opens up the middle of the field deep. Also, with both backs in position to "pick up" an outside blitz, the pro set gives a quarterback an abundance of time to find an open receiver.

## History

The formation has lost its popularity at the college and professional level recently with the rise of shotgun split back formations. It remains common at the high school level.
In the National Football League, in the mid-to-late 2000s, the formation was used almost exclusively by West Coast offense-based teams in occasional third down passing situations and goal-line situations. In the early 2010s, the pro set almost completely disappeared from the NFL, however in the late 2010s it was used once again as an occasional goal line and passing down formation by West Coast offense based teams. Andy Reid recently used the Pro Set in Super Bowl LVII against the Eagles late in the 4th quarter, which led to a game leading field goal.
# Ruby Sia

Ruby F. Sia (1884 – 1955) was a Chinese educator. She was the first Chinese individual graduate of Cornell College in Iowa, United States, a member of the class of 1910.

## Early life and education

Sia was born in Foochow (Fuzhou), the daughter of Sia Heng-To, a Methodist minister and educator. Her uncle, Sia Sek Ong, was also a Methodist minister and educator. She first traveled to North America in 1900, and graduated from Methodist Church-affiliated Cornell College in 1910, and was the school's first Chinese graduate. Cornell awarded her an honorary master's degree in 1918, and an honorary doctorate in 1936. She took courses Baltimore Women's College in 1911 and 1912, and at Teachers' College, Columbia University during her visit to the United States in 1920 and 1921.
While in the United States, she was associate editor of The Chinese Students' Monthly. and a contributor to the World's Chinese Students' Journal. Her cousin Mabel Sia was also educated in Iowa.

## Career

Sia traveled to China with American missionaries in 1904, and spoke at church events during her college years. On her return to China after college, Sia advocated for modernization in education, and especially for the education of girls, while recognizing traditional gendered expectations. For example, she promoted chemistry, nutrition and physiology courses, for women to manage domestic responsibilities more scientifically. She was a teacher and director of music at Hwa Nan College, a Methodist missionary women's college in Foochow. She was a founder of the Foochow Woman's Patriotic Society.
Sia returned to the United States from 1920 to 1921 as a conference delegate and lecturer. She toured in the United States in 1936, when she attended an international Methodist conference, gave lectures, and raised funds for her college. She made another lecture tour in the United States in 1940 and 1941.

## Publications

* "Education the Chief Factor in Chinese Enlightenment" (1907)
* "Chinese Women Educated Abroad" (1907)
* "China's Need of Industrial Education" (1910)

## Personal life

Sia died in 1955, in Shanghai, when she was about seventy years old.