OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brown roofed turtle

The brown roofed turtle (Pangshura smithii) is a species of turtle in the family Geoemydidae. The species is endemic to South Asia. Two subspecies are recognized.

## Etymology

The specific name, smithii, is in honor of Scottish zoologist Andrew Smith.

## Description

The carapace of P. smithii is much depressed and feebly keeled. The nuchal shield is small, trapezoidal, and broadest posteriorly. The first vertebral has sinuous lateral borders and is usually a little narrower in front than behind. The second vertebral is shortest, broader than long, and usually with straight or slightly convex posterior border. The third vertebral is considerably longer than broad, subquadrangular, and its posterior border is straight or slightly convex. The fourth vertebral is longest, tapering anteriorly and forming a narrow suture with the third. The fifth vertebral is much broader than the others. The large plastron is feebly angulated laterally. The front lobe is rounded. The hind lobe is angularly notched and as long as or a little shorter than the width of the bridge. The longest median suture is that between the abdominals, which about equals the length of the front lobe. The gulars are usually shorter than the suture between the humerals, their suture with the latter shields forming a right angle. The inguinal is large, and the axillary is smaller. The head is moderate. The snout is short, obtuse, and feebly prominent. The jaws have denticulated edges. The upper jaw is not notched mesially. The alveolar surface of the upper jaw is broad, and the median ridge is nearer the inner than the outer border. There are bony choanae between the orbits. The width of the lower jaw at the symphysis is less than the diameter of the orbit. The fore limbs have large transverse scales. The carapace is pale olive-brown above, and the dorsal keel is usually blackish. The plastral shields and the lower surface of the marginals are dark brown, bordered with yellow. The straight-line carapace length is 8.5 in (22 cm).
Brown roofed turtles exhibit ZZ/ZW sex determination, in contrast to the temperature-dependent sex determination of most turtles.

## Subspecies and geographic ranges

Two subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies.
* P. s. smithii (Gray, 1863), is found in the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra River drainages in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan.
* P. s. pallidipes (Moll, 1987), is found in the northern tributaries of the Ganges in India and Nepal.

## Habitat

The preferred natural habitats of P. smithii are freshwater swamps and rivers. These creatures also prefer to bask in the sun, twice a day. They often prefer muddy areas.
# Booth House

Booth House may refer to:

## in Canada

in the United States (by state)
* Booth-Weir House, McRae, Arkansas, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in White County, Arkansas
* Green Booth House, Searcy, Arkansas, listed on the NRHP in White County
* Kerr-Booth House, Searcy, Arkansas, listed on the NRHP in White County
* Call-Booth House, Robles, California, listed on the NRHP in San Luis Obispo County
* Nathan B. Booth House, Stratford, Connecticut, NRHP-listed, in Fairfield County
* Boothe Homestead, Stratford, Connecticut, NRHP-listed, in Fairfield County
* Frank Booth House, Lewiston, Idaho, listed on the NRHP in Nez Perce County
* Booth-Dunham Estate, Texas Charter Township, Michigan, listed on the NRHP in Kalamazoo County
* Bradshaw-Booth House, Enterprise, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Clarke County
* Booth House (Bedford, New York), modern house designed by Philip Johnson
* Evangeline Booth House, Hartsdale, New York, listed on the NRHP in Westchester County
* Booth Homestead, Guernsey, Ohio, NRHP-listed, in Guernsey County
* Dr. J. C. Booth House, Lebanon, Oregon, listed on the NRHP in Linn County
* Booth Farm, Boothwyn, Pennsylvania, NRHP-listed, in Delaware County
* Edwin Robert Booth House, Nephi, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Juab County
* Oscar M. Booth House, Nephi, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Juab County
* Clinger-Booth House, Orem, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Utah County
* John E. Booth House, Provo, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Utah County
* Booth-Parsons House, Salt Lake City, Utah, listed on the NRHP in Salt Lake County
* Booth-Lovelace House, Hardy, Virginia, listed on the NRHP in Franklin County
* Booth Cooperage, Bayfield, Wisconsin, listed on the NRHP in Bayfield County
* J. C. Booth House, Saylesville, Wisconsin, listed on the NRHP in Waukesha County
# Irreversible antagonist

An irreversible antagonist is a type of antagonist that binds permanently to a receptor, either by forming a covalent bond to the active site, or alternatively just by binding so tightly that the rate of dissociation is effectively zero at relevant time scales. This permanently deactivates the receptor and is usually followed by rapid internalisation and recycling of the non-functional receptor protein. Irreversible enzyme inhibitors that act similarly are clinically used and include drugs such as aspirin, omeprazole and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

## Examples

* Naloxazone
* Phenoxybenzamine
# Robert L. Thorndike

Robert Ladd Thorndike (September 22, 1910 – September 21, 1990) was an American psychometrician and educational psychologist who made significant contributions to the analysis of reliability, the interpretation of error, cognitive ability, and the design and analysis of comparative surveys of achievement test performance of students in various countries.

## Education and career

Thorndike received his B.A. (Mathematics) from Wesleyan University in 1931, and his M.A. and Ph.D. (both in Psychology) from Columbia University in 1932 and 1935, respectively. He was a professor at Teachers College, Columbia University from 1936 to 1976. He was president of the American Educational Research Association and the Psychometric Society.
Like his father, Edward Thorndike, Thorndike conducted research in both animal and human psychology. With Irving Lorge, Thorndike published a standardized test in 1954 which later became, with the collaboration of Elizabeth Hagen, the widely used Cognitive Abilities Test. He was one of the first to write about cluster analysis. He received the E. L. Thorndike Award, which was named after his father, in 1971.

## Death

Thorndike died of heart failure in September 1990 at the age of 79.
# Acrolophus schistodes

Acrolophus schistodes is a moth of the family Acrolophidae. It is found in South America.
# Sue Clifford

Susan Merlyn Clifford MBE (born 16 April 1944) co-founded Common Ground, a British organisation which campaigns to link nature with culture and the positive investment people can make in their own localities, with Angela King in 1983.
She has worked as a planner and as a lecturer in environmental planning, latterly at University College London. With King, she has written and edited a variety of books to help people be more expressive about and be more active within their own locality. She is co-author of England in Particular ‘a celebration of the commonplace, the local, the vernacular and the distinctive’.
Sue debated the future of the English countryside with Bill Bryson, Richard Mabey, Richard Girling and Nicholas Crane at CPRE's 2007 Volunteers' Conference.

## Books

* Trees Rivers and Fields (2001)
* England in Particular (2006)
* The Apple Source Book (2007)
* Community Orchards Handbook (2011)
# Moribabougou

Moribabougou is a small town and rural commune in the Cercle of Kati in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali. It lies on the eastern outskirts of the greater Bamako area. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 28,574.

## History

Moribabougou hosted two pre-service trainings for Peace Corps/Mali volunteers, one in 1981 and the second in 1983. Don Lawder's 1997 Fishing in the Sky: The Education of Namory Keita was in part an account of his experience in the latter.
# Sheepwash

Sheepwash may refer to:
* Sheepwash, Devon, England
* Sheepwash, Northumberland, England
* Sheepwash, North Yorkshire, England
# Matías Néspolo

Matías Néspolo (born 1975) is an Argentine writer and journalist. He was born in Buenos Aires, and studied literature at university. He wrote and published in a variety of genres: poetry, essays, novels, short stories, etc. In 2005, he published the poetry collection Anthología seca de Green Hills. In 2009, he edited an anthology with his sister, the writer Jimena Néspolo, titled La erotica de relato: Escritores de la nueva literatura argentina. That same year, he published his first novel, Siete maneras de matar a un gato, which was translated into English by Frank Wynne and published under the title Seven Ways to Kill a Cat (2011). Set in the poor parts of Buenos Aires, the book makes extensive use of lunfardo, the distinctive porteño slang of the city.
In 2010, he was selected by Granta as one of their best young contemporary writers in the Spanish language.
He lives in Barcelona, with his wife and three daughters.
# Bruravik

Bruravik is a ferry quay in the municipality of Ulvik in Vestland county, Norway.
There was formerly a ferry connection from Bruravik to Brimnes in the municipality of Eidfjord. The ferry quay was equipped with waiting rooms, benches, and restrooms. The ferry service was discontinued after the construction of the Hardanger Bridge.
Bruravik lies about 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from the municipality's administrative center of Ulvik, and it is also about 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from Granvin, which lies to the northwest.
# Abdallah al-Alayli

Abdallah al-Alayli (Arabic: عبد الله العلايلي) (1996-1914) was a Lebanese intellectual and writer. His specializations included the Arabic language, Arab history and politics, and Islamic law. His works sparked controversy among Arab audiences, even leading to the banning of some of his books in certain places. He was also a theoretician of Arab nationalism.

## Biography

Al-Alayli was born on November 20, 1914, in Beirut, Lebanon. He completed his higher learning at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt. He held a number of different advanced professional positions during his career within various religious organizations and international scholarly bodies. He was also a member of the Federation of Arabic Language Associations (اتحاد مجامع اللغة العربية).
He died on December 4, 1996.

## Works

* Where is the mistake? Correcting understandings and the theory of renewal - أين الخطأ ؟ تصحيح مفاهيم ونظرة تجديد -1978
* The great dictionary - المعجم الكبير
* Refining the linguistic approach - تهذيب المقدمة اللغوية - 1968

## Legacy and controversy

Al-Alayli's 1978 book, Where is the mistake? Correcting understandings and the theory of renewal, elicited widespread critical reaction and was even banned in certain countries. Sadiq Jalal al-Azm addressed "the big stir that the book generated among the ranks of the Lebanese ulama of all colors and hues," for example, observing:
   "The Muslim religious establishment in Lebanon generated enough pressure at the time to have the book quickly recalled from the bookshops.... [I]n spite of its very conventional Arabic and traditional style Alayli’s book is an oblique expose of the ulama’s [religious establishment's] utter mental laziness and a sarcastic commentary on their abysmal ignorance of both their din [religion] and dunya [world]; i.e., of their religious heritage as well as of the encircling modern world that is squeezing them ever more tightly. For those Muslims troubled by the problems and dilemmas inescapably imposed by the requirements of modern life and its quickening pace, Alayli makes many revolutionary suggestions, all ironically argued and defended in the impeccable style of a traditional Muslim faqih and with all the appropriate Koranic quotations, hadith citations and so on."
Generally speaking, al-Alayli's “socialist economic views and his secular writings…have alienated him from religious establishments and Arab regimes."
He has been described as a “foremost Arab linguist and Lebanese Sunni cleric” and as “Lebanon’s revolutionary interpreter of Muslim Shari’a Law."
# Los Hermanos (disambiguation)

Los Hermanos is a Brazilian rock band.
Los Hermanos (Spanish for "the brothers") may also refer to:
* Los Hermanos (album), the band's 1999 debut album
* "Los Hermanos" (song), a folk song composed and first performed by Atahualpa Yupanqui
* Los Hermanos Archipelago, Venezuela
* Darwin Island and Wolf Island, two of the Galápagos Islands, known collectively as "Los Hermanos" in Spanish
# Katabtenga

Katabtenga is a town located in the region of Centre in Burkina Faso. It is at 12°30'23.0"N 1°33'43.8"W and has a population of 919, made up of 52.5% women and 47.5% men (2006).
# Brazil R/S

Brazil Rendering System was a proprietary commercial plugin for 3D Studio Max, Autodesk VIZ and Rhinoceros 3D. Steve Blackmon and Scott Kirvan started developing Brazil R/S while working as the R&D team of Blur Studio, and formed the company SplutterFish to sell and market Brazil. It was capable of photorealistic rendering using fast ray tracing and global illumination.
It was used by computer graphics artists to generate content for print, online content, broadcast solutions and feature films. Some major examples are Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, Sin City, Superman Returns and The Incredibles.
Imagination Technologies announced Brazil's end-of-life, effective May 14, 2012.

## PowerVR Brazil SDK

Splutterfish was acquired by Caustic Graphics in 2008 (which was later acquired by Imagination Technologies in December 2010.)
After Splutterfish's acquisition by Caustic Graphics, they began a rewrite of Brazil r/s using Caustic's OpenRL API to leverage Caustic's raytracing hardware. The new render engine was initially publicly called the "Brazil 3.0 SDK" but was later renamed the "PowerVR Brazil SDK".)
The PowerVR Brazil SDK was used in Caustic Visualizer, a real-time rendering plugin for Maya and SketchUp, and Neon, a viewport rendering plugin for Rhinoceros 3D. Caustic Visualizer for Maya and R2100/R2500 hardware were EOLed on June 13, 2014 and Caustic Visualizer for SketchUp was EOLed on March 23, 2015.
In 2015 Imagination Technologies introduced the PowerVR Wizard GPU architecture, that integrated Imagination's hardware raytracing cores. Wizard replaced the OpenRL API with vendor-specific OpenGL ES raytracing extensions. The Brazil SDK, using its internal name 'Resin', was updated to demo the new architecture.
# 5-Iodowillardiine

5-Iodowillardiine is a selective agonist for the kainate receptor, with only limited effects at the AMPA receptor. It is selective for kainate receptors composed of GluR5 subunits. It is an excitotoxic neurotoxin in vivo, but has proved highly useful for characterising the subtypes and function of the various kainate receptors in the brain and spinal cord.
# Morib

Morib is a mukim in Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia, under the administration of Zone 18 of Kuala Langat Municipal Council. Morib Beach is a quiet seaside tourist attraction. It was one of the first landing points on the west coast for the British and Indian Army liberation forces during end of World War II in 1945. It is a small but suitable beach for swimming. Morib is a state constituency in Selangor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Selangor State Legislative Assembly since 1959.
It is located near Simpang Morib, which is about 10 km from the town of Banting. Morib attracts more than 10000 visitors annually notably during the month of August, festive seasons and public holidays.
Recognisable people noted for their presence on this beach include the Honourable Leader of the National Boys Scout, former Malaysian Education Minister Datuk Shafie Salleh and local entrepreneur Machap Mark Ganasan.

## Attractions

Some seafood restaurants can be found on the beach serving an array of seafood.
The town of Morib also has a hotel resort known as Gold Coast Morib, with features such as a water theme park, flying fox cables, and a kayaking pond.
# Hatzic Lake

Hatzic Lake is an oxbow lake north of and draining into the Fraser River, immediately south of Hatzic Valley, and east of the benchland neighbourhood of Hatzic.
Neilson Regional Park and the district of Mission is on the immediate west shore of Hatzic Lake, while the centre of the oxbow is Hatzic Island. Northeast of the lake is Dewdney Peak (Hatzic Mountain) which forms the southmost endpoint of the Douglas Ranges. In addition to a large number of private residences the locality has a few commercial campgrounds.
Hatzic Valley's Lagace Creek, Scorey Creek, and Hatzic Slough drain into the northern end of Hatzic Lake, providing it with water. Since these tributaries are intermittent, the water freshness and level of Hatzic Lake can vary seasonally.
The length of the lake, on its north–south axis, is approximately 3.7 km, while Hatzic Island is approximately 2.6 km in length, with the widest parts of the lake off the northern end of the oblong island at about 775 m. The width of the lake inclusive from its extreme west to east is about 2.5 km. BC Highway 7 and the mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway cross its southern end, just south of the southernmost parts of Hatzic Island.
The depth of the lake is a uniform 2 to 3 meters, except immediately north of Hatzic Island to west of Hatzic Island where depth varies between 3 and 15 meters. Because the lake is surrounded with private residences launch sites for non-residents' boats are limited and smaller boats tend to be launched from Neilson Regional Park or near Hatzic bridge on Lougheed Highway.
Because the lake is very shallow it is warm, and is popular for swimming, water sports and water-skiing. The lake water temperature and farm fertiliser run-off introduced via Scorey Creek has been blamed for invasive flowering rush and algal bloom issues, the latter of which has led to Fraser Health-imposed swimming bans. In 2019 the BC Government funded over a quarter million dollars for addressing invasive plant concerns in Hatzic Lake.
# Burca

Burca may refer to :
* Burca, a 5th century episcopal see in Numidia (Roman province), North Africa
* Burca (butterfly)
* Burca, a village in the commune Vidra, Vrancea, Romania
# Shenzhou railway station

Shenzhou railway station is a railway station on the Hainan eastern ring high-speed railway, serving the county-level city of Wanning, located in Hainan, China.
# Red Hawk

Red Hawk may refer to:
* Red Hawk (cheese), a triple-crème cow's milk cheese with a brine washed rind
* Rocky the Red Hawk, the mascot of Montclair State University
* Red Hawk, a Sioux chief ca. 1913
* A casino and town of the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians
* Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk, a single-engine, tandem seat advanced jet trainer of the United States Air Force
* Development code-name for the RAF's Fireflash missile.
# São Conrado

São Conrado (Portuguese: /sɐ̃w̃ kõˈʁadu/) is a neighborhood in the South Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is nestled in between the neighborhoods of Barra da Tijuca to the southwest and Leblon to the northeast. The neighborhood takes its name from a small church, Igreja de São Conrado (Church of São Conrado), which was constructed early in the 20th century by Conrado Jacob Niemeyer (1831–1905). São Conrado, which ranks as one of the areas with the highest Human Development Index in Brazil, presents a stark contrast to Rocinha on its border, which is one of the largest and poorest favelas in Brazil.
São Conrado is famous for its hang gliding (popular with locals and tourists alike), Fashion Mall which houses over 150 stores carrying national and international designers, and golf course. The neighborhood, or bairro, is made up of sophisticated residential buildings, night clubs, and elegant restaurants. The famous Morro Dois Irmãos, or Two Brothers Mountain, featured in movies, television shows, and postcards from the city, separates the neighborhood from the rest of the South Zone. It is also noted for the mansions on the foot of the Pedra da Gávea, the largest seaside granite rock on Earth, which separates São Conrado from the West Zone. The House at Canoas (Casa das Canoas), the private home of Oscar Niemeyer (1907–2012), is located on Estrada das Canoas and is considered a masterpiece of Mid-century modern residential architecture.
São Conrado has been the most expensive and sought-after address in Rio, with celebrities such as Xuxa and even the mayor calling the area home. Real estate in the neighborhood is some of the priciest in South America.

## Notable residents

* Marcello Alencar, Governor of Rio de Janeiro (1995–1999), Mayor of Rio de Janeiro (1983–1986, 1989–1993)
# Henry Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham

Henry Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham (7 February 1837 – 4 May 1898) was an English peer, styled Lord Howard from 1845 to 1889.
He was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford, and served as a cornet in the Oxfordshire Yeomanry.
On 31 October 1865, he married Victoria Francesca Boyer (d. 1899), by whom he had one son:
He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London slightly west of the main chapel.
Henry succeeded him as Earl on his death in 1898.
# GO bg Transit

GO bg Transit is a provider of mass transportation in Bowling Green, Kentucky with five routes serving the region. The service, operated by RATP Dev USA, is one of two transit operations in Bowling Green, the other being WKU's Topper Transit. As of 2019, the system provided 99,954 rides over 23,084 annual vehicle revenue hours with eight buses and nine paratransit vehicles.

## History

Public transit in Bowling Green began with horsecars in 1895, with the Park City Railway Co. Later that same year. However, the horsecars were replaced with streetcars, which in turn were replaced by buses in 1920.
The downtown transfer center and transit offices opened February 11, 2013, and coincided with a change of routes and fares. The Pink Line began service in November 2016. In 2021, GO bg Transit was added to Moovit and Token Transit, allowing for mobile fare payments. A merger between GO bg Transit and Western Kentucky University's Topper Transit has been discussed for a number of years. In 2023, Community Action of Southern Kentucky was replaced by RATP Dev USA as the operator of the service, with Western Kentucky University co-purchasing the service, bringing GO bg Transit and Topper Transit under the same operator.

## Service

GO bg Transit operates five regular weekday bus routes on a pulse system, with four routes departing the Center at the 11th DTC hub on the hour or shortly after.
Hours of operation for the system are Monday through Friday from 6:00 A.M. to 5:49 P.M. There is no service on Saturdays and Sundays. Regular fares are $2.00.

### Routes

* Red Line - Route 1
* Blue Line - Route 2
* Green Line - Route 3
* Yellow Line - Route 4
* Pink Line - Route 6

## Fixed route ridership

The ridership statistics shown here are for fixed route services only and do not include demand response services.
# Kirvesniemi

Kirvesniemi is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Harri Kirvesniemi (born 1958), Finnish cross-country skier
* Marja-Liisa Kirvesniemi (born 1955), Finnish cross-country skier
# Harwood, Indiana

Harwood is an unincorporated community in Center Township, Vanderburgh County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
It is located within the city limits of Evansville.
# Burcester

Burcester may refer to:
* Alternate version of Bicester
* William Burcester
# Hiraea perplexa

Hiraea perplexa is a species of plant in the Malpighiaceae family and is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.