OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grant David Yeats

Grant David Yeats (1773–1836) was an English-American physician and medical writer.

## Life

Born in Florida, he was the son of David Yeats, a physician who was the Secretary of the East Florida Colony in Florida. He matriculated from Hertford College, Oxford, on 21 January 1790, graduating B.A. on 15 October 1793, M.A. on 25 May 1796, M.B. on 4 May 1797. He was incorporated M.B. at Dublin in 1807, and graduated M.D. from Trinity College, Oxford, on 7 June 1814. He spent two winter sessions in Edinburgh and one in London, and then practised at Bedford, where he assisted in the establishment of the Bedford general infirmary, and at a later period of the lunatic asylum near the town. He was nominated physician to each of these institutions. While at Bedford he acquired the friendship of Samuel Whitbread and of John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford.
On the Duke of Bedford's nomination to the lord-lieutenancy of Ireland, Yeats accompanied him to Dublin in March 1806 as his private physician. While at Dublin he was instrumental in establishing the Dublin Humane Society, and was made a member of Trinity College, Dublin. On the duke's return to England in 1807 he resumed his position at Bedford, where he later served as mayor. About 1814 he moved to London, where he was admitted a candidate of the Royal College of Physicians on 30 September 1814, and a fellow on 30 September 1815. He was Gulstonian lecturer in 1817, censor in 1818, and Croonian lecturer around 1826 (speaking against the stethoscope).
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 1 July 1819, and died at Tunbridge Wells on 14 November 1836. He married a daughter of Patrick Colquhoun.

## Works

Yeats's major work, Observations on the Claims of the Moderns to some Discoveries in Chemistry and Physiology (London), was published in 1798, after he had settled at Bedford. In it he called attention to the experiments of John Mayow, whose merits Thomas Beddoes had discovered two years before. It was uncritical but helped rescue his achievements from oblivion.
Yeats was the author of:
* 'An Address on the Nature and Efficacy of the Cowpox in preventing the Smallpox,' London, 1803
* 'A Statement of the Early Symptoms which lead to Water on the Brain, London, 1815; 2nd edit., London, 1833.
* 'A Biographical Sketch of the Life and Writings of Patrick Colquhoun,' London, 1815.
He also published many papers in 'Annals of Medicine,' the 'Medical and Physical Journal' and 'Medical Transactions.'
# Glenea rufa

Glenea rufa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1956. It is known from Borneo.
# Ingate Systems

Ingate Systems AB is a Swedish company that sells data network security and telecommunication equipment. The company primarily provides SIP Trunking of IP PBX:s on the US market. It is associated with sister company Intertex Data AB.

## History

Ingate Systems was founded in 2001 as a joint venture between the Swedish companies Intertex Data AB, which had developed the first SIP proxy-based SIP aware firewall for the SOHO and SMB market, and Cendio Systems AB, which had developed the Fuego enterprise firewall. Ingate developed SIP-capable enterprise firewalls and SIParators®, Ingate's brand of Session Border Controllers (SBC:s). Intertex became sister company to Ingate, with joint development, and continued its development of its embedded products, Ethernet and DSL access routers for telecom service provider's volume deployment of SIP services to the home and SMB LAN:s – products that include firewall, SBC and IP PBX functionality.
In the fall of 2012, the group companies Ingate and Intertex merged into current Ingate Systems, to join their efforts for global unified communication beyond traditional telephony using both the SIP standard and the emerging WebRTC standard and to cover the product range from home and SOHO to enterprise and carrier usage.
Since 2006, Ingate has hosted the SIP Trunking-Unified Communications Seminars at the IXEXPO conferences.
Ingate also participates in the SIP Trunking Community by TMCnet.

## Products

Ingate has a line of enterprise Session border controllers ranging from home and SOHO usage to enterprise and telecom service provider usage of up to 20,000 concurrent telephone calls.
The SBC:s are often used for SIP Trunking, i.e. connecting enterprise IP PBX:s to telecom service provider's SIP based Voice over IP (VoIP) connections. A wide range of IP PBX:s and service providers are supported by the Ingate startup configuration tool. Unified Communications (UC) solutions such as the Microsoft Lync and Cloud computing solutions such as the Microsoft Office 365 are also supported.
The Ingate products are all based on an SBC architecture where an IETF RFC 3261-compliant SIP proxy controls the NAT and firewall engine to route all types of media between parties on both public and private IP networks. All products include a routing SIP Proxy and a SIP registrar, and when required a SIP Back-to-back user agent (B2BUA), and can in addition to security at the enterprise edge, also do accounting by reporting usage in Call Detail Records. The Ingate products are not limited to VoIP but support full UC or multimedia real-time communication, and can route such communication over the Internet with or without service provider involvement.
Products are being developed to also support and enable the upcoming WebRTC standard, an initiative by Google to bring high quality multimedia real-time communication directly into the web browser.
# Rupert Scholz

Rupert Scholz (born 23 May 1937) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union.

## Early life and education

Scholz was born in Berlin and received his Abitur in 1957. He studied law and economic at the Free University of Berlin the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He completed his first Staatsexamen in 1961, received his doctorate in 1966 with Peter Lerche as Doktorvater in Munich with the work Das Wesen und die Entwicklung der gemeindlichen öffentlichen Einrichtungen, completed his second Staatsexamen in 1967 and habilitated in 1971 in Munich with the work Die Koalitionsfreiheit als Verfassungsproblem. In 1972 he became a law professor at the Free University of Berlin. In 1978 he accepted the chair of state, administrative and finance law at the University of Munich. He retired from the post in 2005.

## Political career

From 1981 to 1983, Scholz was Senator for Justice under Berlin Governing Mayor Richard von Weizsäcker and Senator for Federal Affairs under Weizsäcker and his successor Eberhard Diepgen from 1982 to 1988. Scholz joined the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) in 1983. From 1985 to 1988 he was a member of the Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin. From 1990 to 2002 he was a member of the Bundestag and Chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group from 1994 to 1998. From 1998 to 2002 he was chairman of the Legal Committee. From 1998 to 2001 he was Deputy State Chairman of the CDU Berlin. In the 2002 German federal election he was passed over in his constituency (Berlin-Tempelhof) by his party against his will.

## Defence Minister

On 18 May 1988, Scholz was appointed Federal Minister of Defence in the cabinet of Chancellor Helmut Kohl. Gerhard Stoltenberg succeeded him in the post in the cabinet reshuffle in 1989.
In 2007, Scholz stated that Germany should strive to become a nuclear power.
# Rakam

Rakam is a village development committee in Surkhet District in the Bheri Zone of mid-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2363 people living in 423 individual households.
# Ralph Ouseley (1739)

Ralph Ouseley (7 May 1739–1803) was an Irish antiquarian and major in the British Army. (The family name is variously spelled Ouseley or Ousley.)

## Family

His brother was John, who was father to Gideon Ouseley and grandfather to major-general Ralph Ouseley.
Ralph himself had several children by two wives. By his first wife Elizabeth Holland of Limerick (whom he married on 1 April 1763) he had three daughters and two sons, William who became an orientalist and Gore who became a Baronet. Elizabeth died on 28 November 1782, and he took a second wife, Mary Collins, with whom he only had 1 surviving child, Joseph Walker Jasper Ouseley who also became an orientalist.
He lived in Limerick and in Dunmore, County Galway.

## Antiquarianism

Ralph was a member of the Royal Irish Academy and was a collector and an antiquarian.
He was published several times in the Transactions of the Academy, including for example Ouseley 1788 which recounted his discovery of three Later Bronze Age horns in Carrigogunnell, County Limerick. A partial account of his personal collection of antiquities was reported by Charles Étienne Coquebert de Montbret [fr], who visited him in 1790.

### Works

* Ouseley, Ralph (1 January 1788). "An Account of Three Metal Trumpets, Found in the County of Limerick, in the Year 1787". The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. 2: 3–5. JSTOR 30079247.
* Ouseley, Ralph (1787). "An account of the moving of a bog, and the formation of a lake in the Co. of Galway. With 1 plate". The Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. 2: 3–5. JSTOR 30079226.
# Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College

Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College, is a general degree college located in Aruppukottai, Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu. The college is affiliated with Madurai Kamaraj University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

## Accreditation

The college is recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
# Salle Jean Louis

The 'Salle Jean Louis' Fencing Club is one of New Zealand's oldest Fencing clubs and is located on the North Shore of Auckland New Zealand. Founded in 1955, the Club has been home to a number of elite fencers and has won multiple national championships.

## History

This New Zealand club was founded by Bert Raper in 1955 in Auckland city and was originally based in Pitt street in Auckland. The club then moved to the North Shore in the 1970s using high school gyms. The club has been operating out of Rangitoto College since around 2004. Salle Jean Louis can directly trace itself back to one of the great fencing masters Jean-Louis Michel himself, through his Prevost, one Emmanuel Broutin who ran the club Salle D'Armes Jean Louis in Paris around the turn of the 19th century. The line then passed to his son C. Leon Broutin, to two English fencers (John and Victor Millard), to Bert Raper. Salle Jean Louis was founded in Auckland by Bert Raper in 1955. He in turn instructed Brian Pickworth and Dot Guard. The club moved to the North Shore of Auckland in the 70s and was run by Les Penny for numerous years until his passing. From there it has stayed on the North Shore situated at first Glenfield college, then Westlake Girls. Around this time the club changed its name to Salle d'armes Jean-Louis - Académie d'escrime and for the last 20 years has been located at Rangitoto College, and recently running sessions from Northcote College. SJL was at its hey day in the 60s New Zealand's elite fencing club, with an ex National selector remarking that he could make the National team but was unqualified to make the club team.

## Current Club

Salle Jean Louis currently fences at North Shore Brass Band Hall on the North Shore of Auckland, New Zealand on Tuesday nights from 7:00-9:00 pm. The club is non-profit and takes anyone of an age greater than 13 years.

## Professional Affiliations

Salle Jean Louis (SJL) is fully affiliated to the Regional Province (Fencing North), the National body (FENZ), which is in turn affiliated to the International body Fédération Internationale d'Escrime . (FIE)
# Listronotus rotundicollis

Listronotus rotundicollis is a species of underwater weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. It is found in North America.
# Iolaus paneperata

Iolaus paneperata, the parallel sapphire, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The species was first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1890. It is found in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria (south and the Cross River loop), Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa and possibly Kwango).
The larvae feed on the flowers of Loranthus incanus and Phragmanthera capitata. They are green and resemble the flowers on which they feed.
# Gran Premio Polla de Potrillos

Gran Premio Polla de Potrillos or Polla de Potrillos may refer to any one of several horse races:
* Gran Premio Polla de Potrillos (Argentina)
* Gran Premio Polla de Potrillos (Uruguay)
# Geoff Dougherty

Geoff Dougherty is a Chicago journalist noted for founding two local news organizations, and for his work as a computer-assisted/quantitative journalist.

## Career
### Chi-Town Daily News

In 2005, Dougherty founded the nonprofit Chicago Daily News, an online-only news organization devoted to hyperlocal coverage of Chicago neighborhoods. The name echoed that of the Chicago Daily News, a newspaper which had folded in 1978 and had been held in high regard by him. He even used Craigslist to advertise for writers. The organization shortly changed its name to Chi-Town Daily News. In 2007, it received $340,000 in funding from the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation to build a network of trained citizen journalists to cover their Chicago neighborhoods.
The news organization won national attention for its business model and journalism, including coverage in The Washington Post. and Boston Globe. Chi-Town Daily News attracted some criticism from traditional journalists, who argued that citizen journalism would encourage news organizations to lay off full-time, professional reporters in favor of unpaid volunteers incapable of producing high-caliber journalism. Chi-Town Daily News closed in September 2009, citing a lack of available philanthropic funds to continue operations.

### Chicago Current

In 2010, Dougherty and a group of former Chi-Town Daily News reporters launched Chicago Current, an insider political paper modeled after Politico.

### Computer-Assisted Reporting

Before launching the two online newspapers, Dougherty was the computer-assisted reporting editor at the Chicago Tribune, where he undertook investigations on coal mining and food safety.
Earlier, he served as computer-assisted reporting editor at the Miami Herald, where he played a key role in the paper's investigation into the flawed presidential election of 2000, and the subsequent effort to examine and analyze all of the discarded ballots in Florida.

### U.S. News & World Report

Dougherty is now a journalist for U.S. News & World Report, performing quantitative analysis on health care-related topics. In 2015, he and Steve Sternberg reported on increased procedural complication rates for surgeries at low-volume hospitals. This led Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, and the University of Michigan Health System to impose policies of minimum volume for certain procedures.

## Education

Dougherty received his MPH from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, where is currently a PhD candidate. He has received a student award from The Mary B. Meyer Memorial Fund.
# Mittagong Parish

The Parish of Mittagong is a parish of the County of Camden in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales. It includes the town of Bowral and the southern parts of Mittagong.

## Overview

The Old Hume Highway is the boundary in the north, including the section which runs through Mittagong, so that the part of Mittagong south of the Old Hume highway is in Mittagong parish, with most of the northern portion in the Parish of Colo. The exception is Welby (formerly the village of Fitzroy) at 34°26′26″S 150°25′32″E﻿ / ﻿34.44056°S 150.42556°E﻿ / -34.44056; 150.42556 which is almost cut off from the rest of the parish, located between the old and new Hume Highways. This is a rectangular portion of land with only one corner touching the main part of the parish, along the Gibbergunyah creek. The current Hume Highway runs somewhat to the north of the parish. The Southern Highlands railway line passes through the parish, including the stations of Burradoo, Bowral and Mittagong.
The Nepean River is the boundary in the east. The Wingecarribee River is the boundary of the parish in the south. Kangaloon road runs through the parish with Kangaloon on the parish's south-eastern edge. Glenquarry is also located in the southern area of the parish, along with the Wingecarribee swamp.
In 1827 land on portion 73 in the Parish of Mittagong was used for the building of an inn by George Cutler. In 1834 Elizabeth Sheckell, the widow of William Charker, received a grant for 200 acres (0.81 km$^2$) of land on portion 35 of the Parish of Mittagong. Old parish maps record that the parish was extended to an area to the west of Bowral with an "extension to Municipality of Bowral Proclaimed 25th February 1890".
# Glenea rufobasaloides

Glenea rufobasaloides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1961.
# Alan Ricard

Alan Cardell Ricard (born January 17, 1977) is a former American football fullback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Ravens and Detroit Lions. He played college football at the University of Louisiana at Monroe.

## Early years

Ricard attended Amite High Magnet School. As a senior, he played linebacker, registering 117 tackles and 14 sacks, while helping the team finish with a 15–0 record and win the class 4-A title. He received All-district honors.
He accepted a football scholarship from the University of Louisiana at Monroe. He did not have any playing time as a freshman. As a sophomore, he was the team's second leading rusher with 52 carries for 189 yards and one touchdown, while making 6 catches for 42 yards.
As a junior, he collected 62 carries for 183 yards, 3 rushing touchdowns and 9 receptions for 42 yards. As a senior, he led the team with 100 carries for 399 yards and seven touchdowns. He was fourth on the team with 9 catches for 82 yards and one touchdown.

## Professional career

Ricard was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys after the 1999 NFL draft on April 23. On August 3, he was waived before the start of the season.
In 2000, he signed with the Baltimore Ravens. On August 26, 2000, he was released and later re-signed to the practice squad on August 29. In 2001, he was a backup fullback behind Sam Gash and Obafemi Ayanbadejo.
In 2002, he became a starter at fullback, helping Jamal Lewis rush for 1,327 yards. In 2003, he was a key contributor for the offense, helping Lewis achieve his 2,066 yard rushing season, while being named to the Pro Bowl as an alternate.
In 55 career games with the Ravens, including 32 starts, Ricard carried just 43 times for 172 yards and two touchdowns and posted 32 receptions for 179 yards. However, he was a dominant blocker at times in the running game and was solid in pass protection.
In 2005, he was passed on the depth chart by Ovie Mughelli and only played in 2 games, while being limited with injuries. On October 28, 2005, he was placed on the injured reserve list with calf injuries on both legs. On July 17, 2006, he was released.
On August 1, 2006, he was signed as free agent by the Buffalo Bills. On September 2, 2006, he was released after being limited with a quad injury.
On April 16, 2007, he signed as a free agent with the Cleveland Browns, reuniting with running back Jamal Lewis. On June 15, 2007, his contract was terminated.
On July 30, 2007, he signed as a free agent with the Detroit Lions. On August 15, 2007, he was placed on the injured reserve list. He wasn't re-signed after the season.

## Coaching career

In 2013, he was a student assistant coach at the University of Louisiana-Monroe. In 2015, Ricard was an assistant coach for the Nicholls State University team. In 2016, he was hired as an assistant coach at the University of Louisiana-Monroe. In 2020, he was hired as the special teams coach at Jackson State University.
# Glenea rufopunctata

Glenea rufopunctata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1907. It is known from Sumatra. It contains the varietas Glenea rufopunctata var. semifusca.
# Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes

Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes is a World Heritage Site comprising the Albula Railway and the Bernina Railway. The best known trains operating on this site are the Glacier Express and the Bernina Express.
# Good cover (algebraic topology)

In mathematics, an open cover of a topological space $X$ is a family of open subsets such that $X$ is the union of all of the open sets. A good cover is an open cover in which all sets and all non-empty intersections of finitely-many sets are contractible (Petersen 2006).
The concept was introduced by André Weil in 1952 for differentiable manifolds, demanding the $U_{\alpha _{1}\ldots \alpha _{n}}$ to be differentiably contractible.
A modern version of this definition appears in Bott & Tu (1982).

## Application

A major reason for the notion of a good cover is that the Leray spectral sequence of a fiber bundle degenerates for a good cover, and so the Čech cohomology associated with a good cover is the same as the Čech cohomology of the space. (Such a cover is known as a Leray cover.) However, for the purposes of computing the Čech cohomology it suffices to have a more relaxed definition of a good cover in which all intersections of finitely many open sets have contractible connected components. This follows from the fact that higher derived functors can be computed using acyclic resolutions.

## Example

The two-dimensional surface of a sphere $S^{2}$ has an open cover by two contractible sets, open neighborhoods of opposite hemispheres. However these two sets have an intersection that forms a non-contractible equatorial band. To form a good cover for this surface, one needs at least four open sets. A good cover can be formed by projecting the faces of a tetrahedron onto a sphere in which it is inscribed, and taking an open neighborhood of each face. The more relaxed definition of a good cover allows us to do this using only three open sets. A cover can be formed by choosing two diametrically opposite points on the sphere, drawing three non-intersecting segments lying on the sphere connecting them and taking open neighborhoods of the resulting faces.
# Jin Tielin

Jin Tielin (Chinese: 金铁霖; 21 June 1940 – 15 November 2022) was a Chinese vocal professor, musician and artist. His disciples include Peng Liyuan, Li Guyi, Dong Wenhua, Tang Can, Song Zuying, Zhang Ye, Li Danyang, Yan Weiwen, Liu Bin, Lü Jihong, Dai Yuqiang, Zhang Yan, Zu Hai, Wang Lida, Chen Lili, Chang Sisi, Zhu Zhiwen, Leon Lai, and Michelle Reis. In 2006, he started Jin Tielin Vocal Arts Center (金铁霖声乐艺术中心) in the China Conservatory of Music. Later, on 2 April 2013, Jin Tielin Vocal Arts Center was renamed and expanded to be Jin Tielin Chinese Vocal Education and Research Center (金铁霖中国声乐教研中心) in the China Conservatory of Music.

## Biography

On 21 June 1940, Jin was born in Harbin, Binjiang Province (now Heilongjiang), then under the jurisdiction of Manchukuo. He is of the Manchu ethnic group. His father was a hospital director.
Jin Tielin graduated from the Central Conservatory of Music in 1965. After graduating, he was assigned to the Central Philharmonic Orchestra as a singer.
From 1981, Jin has worked in the China Conservatory of Music. From 1996 to 2009, he acted as the president of China Conservatory of Music.

## Personal life and death

Li Guyi (李谷一) was Jin Tielin's first wife. She is a singer. Jin's second wife was Ma Qiuhua (马秋华), a professor at China Conservatory of Music. They had a son named Jin Shengquan (金圣权).
On 15 November 2022, he died in Beijing, at the age of 82.