OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Normal anion gap acidosis

Normal anion gap acidosis is an acidosis that is not accompanied by an abnormally increased anion gap.
The most common cause of normal anion gap acidosis is diarrhea with a renal tubular acidosis being a distant second.

## Differential diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of normal anion gap acidosis is relatively short (when compared to the differential diagnosis of acidosis):
* Hyperalimentation (e.g. from TPN containing ammonium chloride)
* Chloride administration, often from normal saline
* Acetazolamide and other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
* Renal tubular acidosis
* Diarrhea: due to a loss of bicarbonate. This is compensated by an increase in chloride concentration, thus leading to a normal anion gap, or hyperchloremic, metabolic acidosis. The pathophysiology of increased chloride concentration is the following: fluid secreted into the gut lumen contains higher amounts of Na$^+$ than Cl$^−$; large losses of these fluids, particularly if volume is replaced with fluids containing equal amounts of Na$^+$ and Cl$^−$, results in a decrease in the plasma Na$^+$ concentration relative to the Cl$^−$concentration. This scenario can be avoided if formulations such as lactated Ringer’s solution are used instead of normal saline to replace GI losses.
* Ureteroenteric fistula – an abnormal connection (fistula) between a ureter and the gastrointestinal tract
* Pancreaticoduodenal fistula – an abnormal connection between the pancreas and duodenum
* Spironolactone
* High ostomy output
* Hyperparathyroidism – can cause hyperchloremia and increase renal bicarbonate loss, which may result in a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. Patients with hyperparathyroidism may have a lower than normal pH, slightly decreased PaCO2 due to respiratory compensation, a decreased bicarbonate level, and a normal anion gap.
As opposed to high anion gap acidosis (which involves increased organic acid production), normal anion gap acidosis involves either increased production/administration of chloride (hyperchloremic acidosis) or increased excretion of bicarbonate.
# Laila Nur

Laila Nur (October 5, 1934 – May 31, 2019) was a Bangladeshi language-movement activist and academic. She joined Comilla Victoria Government College in 1957 as its first female professor.

## Early life

Laila Nur was born on 5 October 1934 in Daudkandi Thana, Comilla. Her father was Abu Naser, a medical doctor, and her mother was Shamsunnahar Mehedi. She passed her Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC) in 1952. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree in English literature in 1956 from Dhaka University.

## Participation in the Language Movement

As a young woman in 1952, Nur participated in the Bengali Language Movement. On 20 February 1955 she was arrested by the Pakistan Police along with about 20 female students for preparing to take part in a march the next day. She was in jail for 21 days for her participation in the Language Movement.

## Professional achievements

In 1957, Nur became the first woman to be appointed a professor at Comilla Victoria Government College.
Nur has translated 115 poetry pieces by Titas Chowdhury into English.
In 2014, Nur received the Binoy Sommanona Award for her contribution to the Language Movement and education.
# Lake Brownwood State Park

Lake Brownwood State Park is a state park located on the shore of Lake Brownwood in Brown County, Texas, United States, and is administered by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. The 537.5 acre park was acquired by deed from the Brown County Water Improvement District No. 1 in 1933. The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) developed the park between 1934 and 1942. The park opened in 1938.

## History

The citizens of Brown County voted in 1926 to organize the Brown County Water Improvement District for the purpose of creating a reservoir to control flooding along Pecan Bayou. The dam was completed in 1932 and the reservoir filled the same year. In 1933, the Texas State Parks Board acquired the deed for the land for the state park from the water improvement district. Work began on the park in 1933 under work relief programs of the Civil Works Administration. The CCC took over when CCC Company 872 arrived in November 1934 and worked on the park for a year. CCC Company 849 arrived in October 1936 and remained at the park until 1942 when the camp was closed. The National Park Service designed the park and the CCC used locally quarried stone to build the recreation hall, cabins, benches, culverts, picnic tables and fire pits.
During World War II, the United States Army leased forty acres of land as a recreational area for soldiers stationed at Camp Bowie. The army built a 1,500-man camp with tents, basketball courts, tennis courts and a football field. To honor the soldiers, the State Parks Board changed the name of the park to the "36th Division State Park" between 1946 and 1956. The recreational area is now the Willow Point Campground.

## Nature
### Animals

White-tailed deer, raccoon, nine-banded armadillo, and fox squirrel are found in the park. Fish in Lake Brownwood include crappie, perch, catfish and bass.
Common birds include mallard, northern bobwhite, great blue heron turkey vulture, killdeer white-winged dove, mourning dove, eastern phoebe, ladder-backed woodpecker, blue jay, Carolina chickadee, black-crested titmouse, cactus wren, Bewick's wren, eastern bluebird, northern mockingbird, European starling, canyon towhee, rufous-crowned sparrow, northern cardinal, red-winged blackbird, brown-headed cowbird and house sparrow
# The Pirates! in an Adventure with Communists

The Pirates! in an Adventure with Communists is the third book in The Pirates! series by Gideon Defoe to feature his hapless pirate crew. It was published in 2006 by Orion Books (ISBN 0-297-84867-4).
This book follows the adventures of the Pirate Captain and his crew through Paris and London—accompanied by Karl Marx and his sidekick Friedrich Engels—as they attempt to clear the communists' good name after it is sullied by Richard Wagner and his malevolent benefactor.
# Norbert Ormai

Norbert Ormai 28 May 1813 – 22 August 1849), born Norbert Auffenberg, was a honvéd colonel in the Hungarian Army. He was executed for his part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.
# The Poor Christ of Bomba

The Poor Christ of Bomba is a satirical novel by Mongo Beti. It was published in 1956 as Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba.

## Plot

Set in the 1930s, the story is narrated by Dennis who is Father Drumont's house-boy. The story revolves around Father Drumont who established a parish in Bomba, a small village in southern Cameroon. It tells about how he strives to convert the natives to Christianity and encourage monogamy.

## Characters

* Father Drumont, a Catholic missionary.
* Father Jean-Martin LeGuen, Father Drumont's assistant.
* Raphael, a catechist and Father Drumont assistant in charge of the parish.
* Denis, the narrator and Drumont's house-boy.
* Zacharia, the parish cook.
* Vidal, a French colonial administrator of the region.
* Catherine, Dennis' lover.
* Clementine, Zacharia's wide.
* Daniel, One of Denis' companions apart from Zacharia.
# The Poor (American band)

The Poor were an American rock band from Los Angeles, California who were active in the 1960s. Included in their roster were Randy Meisner, who went go on to achieve fame with the Eagles and Poco in the 1970s, as well as Allen Kemp and Pat Shanahan, who later joined New Riders of the Purple Sage.

## History

The Poor formed out of the remnants of the Soul Survivors, a garage rock group from Denver Colorado (not to be confused with the Philadelphia group), who had recorded several singles in 1965 and 1966. Allen Kemp, Pat Shanahan and John Day had been in the Soul Survivors. They moved to Los Angeles, California and when upon arriving teamed up with Randy Meisner, previously of the Esquires and later to gain fame in the Eagles and Poco, and Randy Naylor to form the Poor. They were able to sign under the management of Charlie Green and Brian Stone, who handled Sonny & Cher and Buffalo Springfield.
They cut their debut single, "How Many Tears" b/w "Once Again," which was released on the Loma label in October, 1966 and was produced by Barry Friedman, who had worked with Buffalo Springfield and Paul Butterfield. Freidman produced their next two singles, including their follow-up "She's Got the Time, She's Got the Changes," written by Tom Shipley and Michael Brewer, b/w "Love is Real" and "My Mind Goes High" b/w "Knowing You, Loving You," which both were released on the York label in 1967. None of their records received much airplay except "She's Got the Time, She's Got the Changes," which became a minor hit reaching #133 in the charts and has been described by music writer Bruce Eder as "...showing real garage punk attitude as well as a ton of virtuosity and style..." In May 1968, the group released a single on Decca Records "Feelin' Down" b/w "Come Back Baby," but it failed to chart. The group broke up shortly thereafter.
Following the breakup of the Poor, Randy Meisner went on to join country rock band Poco, appearing on their first album “Pickin’ Up the Pieces”, before departing the band prior to that album's release. After Meisner's departure from Poco, he, Kemp, and Shanahan played in Rick Nelson's backing group, the Stone Canyon Band. Kemp and Shanahan later joined New Riders of the Purple Sage. Meisner then became one of the founding members of popular 1970s rock group the Eagles.
Day joined the short-lived group Two Guitars, Piano, Drum and Darryl. All of the Poor's singles were compiled on the 2003 CD compilation The Poor, which also includes the two singles by the Soul Survivors. The Group's complete recordings are included on the Sonic Past Music anthology, Help the Poor: The Complete Recordings of the Poor Featuring Randy Meisner.

## Discography

* "How Many Tears" b/w "Once Again" (Loma 2062, October 1966)
* "She's Got the Time, She's Got the Changes" b/w "Love is Real" (York 402, 1967)
* "My Mind Goes High" b/w "Knowing You, Loving You" (York 404, April 1967)
* "Feelin' Down" b/w "Come Back Baby" (Decca, May 1968)
# The Remixes II

The Remixes II is the second remix album by Japanese duo Every Little Thing. It was released on November 18, 1998, by Avex Trax. The album contains remixes of tracks from second album Time to Destination.
A 4-vinyl edition of the album was released on June 16, 1999, including previously unreleased remixes that didn't make it to the original CD track listing.

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak position |
| Japan Oricon | 5 |
# Lake Alice (Hubbard County, Minnesota)

Lake Alice is a lake in Hubbard County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Lake Alice was named for Alice Glazier, the daughter of Minnesota explorer Captain Willard W. Glazier.
# 135 BC

Year 135 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Flaccus and Piso (or, less frequently, year 619 Ab urbe condita) and the Sixth Year of Jianyuan. The denomination 135 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Roman Republic

* The First Servile War starts in Sicily.
* Servius Fulvius Flaccus defeats an uprising of the Ardiaei in Illyria.
* Marcus Cosconius defeats the Scordisci in Thrace.

#### Bactria

* Menander I, king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom dies and is succeeded by Epander.

#### China

* Grand Empress Dowager Dou dies, which allows her grandson Emperor Wu to exert greater control over the empire.
* Minyue attacks Nanyue, which are both vassal states of the Han dynasty. The Han send two armies against Minyue under Wang Hui and Han Anguo, and Minyue's king Zou Ying is killed by his brother Zou Yushan, who then surrenders to the Han.
* Emperor Wu makes Zou Chou the king of Minyue, but Zou Yushan carves out two thirds of Minyue as the state of Dongyue, which Wu then recognizes.
* A Han military campaign against the Dian Kingdom establishes a military commandery in the Yunnan region.

## Births

* Mithridates VI, king of Pontus (d. 63 BC)
* Pompeius Strabo, Roman consul and father of Pompeius Magnus (d. 87 BC)
* Posidonius of Apamea, Greek Stoic philosopher and scientist (d. 51 BC)
* Sima Qian, Chinese historian of the Han dynasty (approximate date)

## Deaths

* Menander I, king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom
* Simon Maccabaeus, prince of Judea and High Priest of Judea
# La Sierra (Encrucijada)

La Sierra is a town and ward (consejo popular) in Encrucijada, Cuba.

## Geography

Towns in the ward of La Sierra include:
* El Perico
* Las Bocas
* Vega Redonda
* Pavón

### Environmental issues

La Sierra is near the Sagua la Chica River, which has a possible chance to flood, which is a danger to people who live in La Sierra and El Santo. In case this happens there are 21 evacuation centers which are always stocked up with food. Including residents of Pavón, El Santo, Siete Pazos, Vega Redonda, and others in Encrucijada, a total of 1000 people evacuated to the houses of their family and friends, or to the evacuation centers, when it flooded in 2018.

## Education

Schools in La Sierra include:
* José Arcadio CM
* Enrique Hart Rural Primary School
* Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Rural Primary School
* Camilo Cienfuegos Rural Primary School
* Perucho Figueredo Rural Primary School

## Government

Encrucijada has multiple District Delegate (Delegado de la Circunscripción) for every ward, La Sierra’s ward has:
* District Delegate No 39 Grisela Alonso Consuegra
* District Delegate No 40 Mislandy Martínez Consuegra
* District Delegate No 41 Lisbán González Chirino
* District Delegate No 42 Reinier Guevara Hernández
* District Delegate No 58 Osmany Broche Vega
# 11 Canis Majoris

11 Canis Majoris is a single star in the southern constellation of Canis Major, the eleventh entry in John Flamsteed's catalogue of stars in that constellation. It has a blue-white hue and is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.28. The distance to this star is approximately 1,010 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of around +15 km/s. It has an absolute magnitude of −1.63.
This star has a stellar classification of B8/9III, matching a B-type star that is in the giant stage. It has a high rate of spin with a projected rotational velocity of 130 km/s. The star is radiating 485 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 11,540 K.
# Nordling

Nordling is a Swedish surname.

## Geographical distribution

As of 2014, 45.0% of all known bearers of the surname Nordling were residents of Sweden (frequency 1:8,199), 32.1% of the United States (1:421,039), 16.5% of Finland (1:12,464), 1.6% of Denmark (1:131,268), 1.6% of Norway (1:119,589) and 1.3% of Australia (1:660,385).
In Sweden, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:8,199) in the following counties:
* 1. Västernorrland County (1:2,440)
* 2. Värmland County (1:2,983)
* 3. Uppsala County (1:3,463)
* 4. Gotland County (1:4,177)
* 5. Gävleborg County (1:5,284)
* 6. Södermanland County (1:5,584)
* 7. Stockholm County (1:6,989)
* 8. Dalarna County (1:7,995)
* 9. Blekinge County (1:8,102)
* 10. Örebro County (1:8,149)
In Finland, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:12,464) in the following regions:
* 1. Ostrobothnia (1:2,594)
* 2. Åland (1:3,229)
* 3. Satakunta (1:3,812)
* 4. Southwest Finland (1:6,012)
* 5. Uusimaa (1:8,890)

## Notable people

* Carl O. Nordling (1919–2007), Finland-Swedish architect and statistician
* Carl Nordling, former chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physics
* Frans Hjalmar Nordling (1890–1931), Fennicized as Nortamo, Finnish writer and doctor
* Jeffrey Nordling (b. 1962), American actor
* Raoul Nordling, Swedish consul general in Paris during World War II
* Alan Nordling, MLA for Yukon Territory from Porter Creek South
# Laikipia East Constituency

Laikipia East Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of three constituencies in Laikipia County, in the former Rift Valley Province. The constituency was established for the 1966 elections.

## Members of Parliament

| Elections | MP | Party | Notes |
| 1966 | G. Githui Vuvuzella Ndegwa | KANU | One-party system |
| 1969 | Tom Gichohi | KANU | One-party system |
| 1974 | G. Githui Vuvuzella Ndegwa | KANU | One-party system |
| 1979 | Charles Ndirangu Muthura | KANU | One-party system |
| 1983 | Charles Ndirangu Muthura | KANU | One-party system |
| 1988 | Kausai Francis Xavier ole Kaparo | KANU | One-party system |
| 1992 | Charles Nderitu Mukora | DP | |
| 1997 | Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri | DP | |
| 2002 | Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri | NARC | |
| 2007 | Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri | PNU | |
| 2013 | Anthony Mutahi Kimaru | TNA | |
| 2017 | Amin Deddy Mohamed Ali | JP | |
| 2022 | Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri | TSP | |

## Wards

Wards :
| Ward | Registered Voters | Local authority |
| Biashara | 5,454 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Central | 4,160 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Hospital | 4,460 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Mashamba | 2,235 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Nturukuma | 2,426 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Stadium | 6,882 | Nanyuki municipality |
| Ethi | 3,495 | Laikipia County |
| Ildigiri / Ilpolei | 1,152 | Laikipia County |
| Ilingwesi | 781 | Laikipia County |
| Lamuria | 2,772 | Laikipia County |
| Makurian | 856 | Laikipia County |
| Mukogodo | 1,136 | Laikipia County |
| Mumonyot | 890 | Laikipia County |
| Naibor | 2,147 | Laikipia County |
| Ngobit | 4,486 | Laikipia County |
| Oloiborsoit | 1,216 | Laikipia County |
| Segera | 2,859 | Laikipia County |
| Sirma | 3,609 | Laikipia County |
| Tigithi | 5,289 | Laikipia County |
| Umande | 5,948 | Laikipia County |
| Total | 62,253 |
| *September 2005, ||
# Laiksaare Nature Reserve

Laiksaare Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Pärnu County, Estonia.
The area of the nature reserve is 401 ha.
The protected area was founded in 2006 to protect valuable habitat types and threatened species in Nepste village (in former Häädemeeste Parish) and in Laiksaare village (in former Saarde Parish).
# Antoine Favre-Salomon

Antoine Favre-Salomon (30 November 1734 – 17 August 1820) was a Swiss watchmaker. In 1796, he invented a pocket watch with an embedded musical mechanism. which was later recognised as the first "comb" music box. One of his surviving music boxes has been displayed at the Shanghai Gallery of Antique Music Boxes and Automata in Pudong's Oriental Art Center and is now in the Reuge museum in Kyoto, Japan.
# The River (Ali Farka Touré album)

The River is a studio album by Malian singer and multi-instrumentalist Ali Farka Touré. It was recorded in sessions at Studio Bolibana in Paris, and at the London-based Cold Storage Studios and Garden Studios. The album was released by the UK-based World Circuit label and distributed internationally by Mango Records.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Village Voice | A− |
Reviewing the album for The Village Voice, Robert Christgau gave it an A-minus and applauded its attempts to cross over in the form of "tracks colored with harmonica, saxophone, fiddle and bodhran, and the single-stringed njarka that Touré picks up for the finale--not to mention an extra edge of vocal command." Overall, the album offered a "variety, not compromise", that Christgau believed Touré had needed on his earlier recordings, which "drifted into the folkloric". In an interview for Guy Oseary's On the Record (2004), music entrepreneur and record collector Craig Kallman named The River among his 15 favorite records.

## Track listing

* "Heygana" – 5:59
* "Goydiotodam" – 6:25
* "Ai Bine" – 6:21
* "Tangambara" – 5:22
* "Toungere" – 7:32
* "Jungou" – 7:23
* "Kenouna" – 5:02
* "Boyrei" – 5:23
* "Tamala" – 8:06
* "Lobo" – 6:44
* "Instrumental" – 2:59

## Personnel

* Ali Farka Touré – vocals, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, njarka
* Amadou Cisse – calabash, percussion, vocals
* Mamaye Kouyate – ngoni (tracks 3 and 7)
* Rory McLeod – harmonica (track 1)
* Seane Keane and Kevin Conneff – fiddle and bodhran (track 7)
* Steve Williamson - tenor saxophone (track 3)
# 13006 Schwaar

13006 Schwaar, provisional designation 1983 AC$_1$, is a stony Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 January 1983, by American astronomer Brian Skiff at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station in Flagstaff, Arizona. The asteroid was named after amateur astronomer Pierre–Yves Schwaar.

## Orbit and classification

Schwaar is a member of the Phocaea family (701), a rather small group of asteroids with similar orbital characteristics, named after its largest member, 25 Phocaea. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 5 months (1,252 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 29° with respect to the ecliptic. No precoveries were taken. The asteroid's observation arc begins 20 days after its discovery.

## Physical characteristics

Schwaar has been characterized as a S-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.

### Lightcurves

A rotational lightcurve of Schwaar was obtained from photometric observations made at the Hunters Hill Observatory (E14), Australia, and collaborating stations in December 2006. The lightcurve gave a rotation period of 6.8 hours with a brightness variation of 0.17 in magnitude (U=3-).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's space-based Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Schwaar measures 5.3 and 5.9 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.182 and 0.185, respectively, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for members of the Phocaea family of 0.23, and calculates a diameter of 5.0 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.7.

## Naming

This minor planet was named in memory amateur astronomer Pierre–Yves Schwaar (1946–2000), member of the Saguaro Astronomy Club (SAC), telescope maker, and photographer of the night sky. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 9 January 2001 (M.P.C. 41939). The native Swiss amateur astronomer and immigrant to the U.S. was also an inventor and master craftsman, a model rocketeer, an USAF aircraft mechanic, a Vietnam veteran, and an eclipse chaser.
# North Blackwood, Victoria

North Blackwood is a locality of the Shire of Hepburn, Victoria, Australia. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 51.
North Blackwood Post Office opened on 10 August 1909, was renamed Waldron in 1910 and closed in that year.
This town is not to be confused with Barrys Reef.
# North Bloomfield

North Bloomfield can refer to:

## Places
### United States

* North Bloomfield, California
* North Bloomfield, Ohio
* North Bloomfield, Wisconsin
* North Bloomfield Township, Morrow County, Ohio

## Other uses

* Bloomfield High School (North Bloomfield, Ohio)
* North Bloomfield Mining and Gravel Company
# Aodh Mac Suibhne

Aodh Mac Suibhne, aka Hugh McSweeney, Gallowglass of Clanricarde, died 1586.
Mac Suibhne was a Gallowglass who fought for the Earl of Clanricarde in south Connacht. The family resided at Rath Glas, and were descendants of Domnall na Madhmann Mac Suibhne (fl. 1419). According to the 1585 Composition of Connacht, the only castles held in Clanricarde by members of the Mac Suibhne were at Kiltullagh and Cloughereavane, some six miles north of Loughrea.
The Annals of the Four Masters give his obituary under the year 1586:
Hugh, the son of Owen, son of Donnell, son of Owen, son of Donnell-naMadhmann Mac Sweeny, Chief Constable of Clanrickard, died; and the person who then departed was a soldier in stature, and a hero in valour.
# Antonio Laserna

Antonio Laserna and Santander (1752, Colindres, Cantabria – 1823) was a Spanish bibliographer and writer.