OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Qixing Group

Shandong Qixing Group Co., Ltd. is a private Chinese business group whose subsidiaries are engaged in the smelting of aluminum. At one point the company owned an array of other businesses including property development, power cables and ceramics and a five-star hotel before shedding businesses as part of a restructuring plan from heavy debt accumulated during its rapid expansion. It is one of the main industrial groups in Zouping County, one of the richest counties in the country.

## History

The company's rapid growth has depended on generous availability of corporate debt. Through heavy borrowing the company was able to expand its aluminum production operations and enter other lines of business. By 2012, Qixing would reach its apex. The group company was then made up of 15 operating companies and seven subsidiaries with revenue 15 billion RMB ($2.3 billion) and had 12,000 employees. These businesses included Qixing Iron Tower, a Shenzhen Stock Exchange listed subsidiary, that manufactured transmission towers. Years later Zeng Libin, the president of the China Aluminum Association, would say "Qixing expanded blindly" during this period of easy credit and expansion.
From its peak, the company would have to sell assets to repay debt as its financial situation deteriorated. The company's interest in Qixing Iron Tower (later renamed Northcom Group) was sold to the Longyue Group in December 2014.
The Qixing Group was at the center of a local financial crisis in Shandong in 2017 based on a web of cross guarantees between the company and other local companies in Zouping County. A total of 10 billion RMB in loans had been advanced to the company and other local companies with the borrowers guaranteeing the debt of the others. In April 2017 the company defaulted on a repayment of seven billion RMB triggering fears of reverberations in the local financial system. However, the repayment was made a few days after the default, restoring calm in the market. As part of a local government orchestrated restructuring plan, the Xiwang Group took over the company and guaranteed its debts in April 2017.

## Aluminum smelting

The company's core business it the production of aluminum. It operates a 130,000 metric tons per year aluminum smelter and 500,000 metric tons per year alumina refinery.
# Berdugo

Berdugo is a surname. People with that name include:
* Diego Dionisio de Peñalosa Briceño y Berdugo (1621–1687), governor of Spanish New Mexico
* Fulgencio Berdugo (1918-2003), Colombian footballer
* Gabriel Berdugo (born 1947), Colombian footballer
* Yaakov Bardugo (born 1965), Israeli presenter and political commentator.
* Raphael Berdugo (1747-1821), Moroccan rabbi
* Salomon Berdugo (1854–1906), Moroccan rabbi
* Serge Berdugo (born 1938), Moroccan lawyer and politician
# Puhl

Puhl is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Sándor Puhl (1955–2021), Hungarian football referee
* Terry Puhl (born 1956), Canadian retired professional baseball outfielder
* Cathrin Puhl born 1994), German rhythmic gymnast
* John Puhl (1876–1900), American professional baseball player from Brooklyn
* Emil Puhl (1889–1962), Nazi economist and banking official during World War II
It may also refer to:
# Lingulodinium polyedra

Lingulodinium polyedra is a species of motile photosynthetic dinoflagellates. L. polyedra are often the cause of red tides in southern California, leading to bioluminescent displays on beaches at night.

## Life cycle

As part of its life cycle, this species produces a resting stage, a dinoflagellate cyst called Lingulodinium machaerophorum (synonym Hystrichosphaeridium machaerophorum). This cyst was first described by Deflandre and Cookson in 1955 from the Miocene of Balcombe Bay, Victoria, Australia as: "Shell globular, subsphaerical or ellipsoidal with a rigid membrane, more brittle than deformable, covered with numerous long, stiff, conical, pointed processes resembling the blade of a dagger. Surface of shell granular or punctate." Its stratigraphic range is the Upper Paleocene of eastern USA and Denmark till Recent.
Organic-walled dinocyst morphology is shown to be controlled by changes in salinity and temperature in some species, more particularly process length variation (processes are sometimes called spines, but that is incorrect because they are not necessarily pointy). This morphological variation is known for Lingulodinium machaerophorum from culture experiments, and study of surface sediments. The morphological variation of process lengths can be applied for the reconstruction of salinity. Process length variation of Lingulodinium machaerophorum has been used to reconstruct Black Sea salinity variation.

## Toxicity

Lingulodinium polyedra has been related to production of yessotoxins (YTXs), a group of structurally related polyether toxins, which can accumulate in shellfish.

## Luminescence

Lingulodinium polyedra are easily visible under 100x magnification (use the 10x or "scanning" objective on most compound microscopes) and their scintillons luminescence in response to surface tension and acidity. Luminescence is under circadian regulation, peaking at night. Because of this obvious rhythms (and also due to the fact that most its activities, physiological and molecular, are rhythmic) L. polyedra has been a model organism for studying clocks in single cells.
# Adelococcus

Adelococcus is a genus of fungi in the family Adelococcaceae.
# The Soulful Piano of Junior Mance

The Soulful Piano of Junior Mance is an album by jazz pianist Junior Mance which was recorded in 1960 and released on the Jazzland label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| DownBeat | |
The AllMusic site awarded the album three stars. Leonard Feather noted in DownBeat that "Mance plays in a modern groove that combines several current trends, with a heavy accent on the blues."

## Track listing

All compositions by Junior Mance except where noted.
* "The Uptown" – 4:02
* "Ralph's New Blues" (Milt Jackson) – 4:20
* "Main Stem" (Duke Ellington) – 4:21
* "Darling, Je Vous Aime Beaucoup" (Anna Sosenko) – 3:38
* "Playhouse" – 4:14
* "Sweet and Lovely" (Gus Arnheim, Jules LeMare, Harry Tobias) – 3:55
* "In the Land of Oo-Bla-Dee" (Milt Orent, Mary Lou Williams) – 4:36
* "I Don't Care" (Ray Bryant) – 4:27
* "Swingmatism" (Jay McShann, William Scott) – 5:12

## Personnel

* Junior Mance – piano
* Ben Tucker – bass
* Bobby Thomas – drums
# 2011 Asian Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw

The Women's Javelin throw at the 2011 Asian Athletics Championships was held at the Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium on 7 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Liu Chunhua China |
| Silver | Wang Ping China |
| Bronze | Yuka Sato Japan |

## Records

Standing records prior to the 2010 European Athletics Championships :
| World record | Barbora Špotáková (CZE) | 72.28 | Stuttgart, Germany | 13 September 2008 |
| Asian record | Wei Jianhua (CHN) | 63.92 | Beijing, China | 18 August 2000 |
| Championship record | Buoban Phamang (THA) | 58.35 | Amman, Jordan | 2007 |
| World Leading | Maria Abakumova (GER) | 67.98 | Velenje, Slovenia | 28 June 2011 |
| Asian Leading | Liu Chunhu (CHN) | 60.65 | Zhaoqing, China | 23 April 2011 |

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Round |
| 7 July 2011 | 16:45 | Final |

## Results
### Final

The final was held at 16:45 local time.
| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | Result |
| | Liu Chunhua | China | 53.44 | 54.39 | 58.05 | x | 51.82 | 53.38 | 58.05 |
| | Wang Ping | China | 50.61 | 55.80 | 48.59 | 54.17 | 51.84 | 52.77 | 55.80 |
| | Yuka Sato | Japan | 53.19 | 49.70 | 49.28 | x | 54.16 | 53.33 | 54.16 |
| 4 | Risa Miyashita | Japan | 44.51 | 50.04 | 51.64 | 52.36 | 52.37 | 51.95 | 52.37 |
| 5 | Nadeeka Lakmali | Sri Lanka | 51.94 | 51.44 | 50.89 | 49.92 | 50.55 | 48.60 | 51.94 |
| 6 | Gim Gyeong Ae | South Korea | 47.24 | 45.99 | 49.96 | | | | 49.96 |
| 7 | Rosie Villarito | Philippines | x | 49.30 | 44.98 | 46.81 | 48.82 | 47.11 | 49.30 |
| 8 | Haruka Matoba | Japan | 46.56 | 45.36 | 44.46 | 48.17 | 46.22 | 48.67 | 48.67 |
| 9 | Anastasiya Svechnikova | Uzbekistan | x | 45.26 | 45.11 | | | | 45.26 |
# Red Joseph

Chalmer Edward "Red" Joseph (November 7, 1905 – September 17, 1983) was an American football player.
Joseph was born in 1904 in Hemlock, Ohio, and attended East High School in Columbus, Ohio. His older brother Zern Joseph played football for Miami (Ohio) and the Dayton Triangles.
Red Joseph attended Ohio State University where he won a freshman letter in football in 1924. He also played football for Ohio State in 1925.
Joseph began playing professional football in 1926 as an end for the Ashland Armcos. The press credited Joseph with performing "in excellent style" and being "one of the stars" for Ashland.
In 1927, he played for the Dayton Triangles of the National Football League (NFL). He started all eight games at right end for the Triangles during their 1927 season. Joseph also played for the Portsmouth Shoe-Steels during the 1927 season, where he was credited with being on his toes every minute, with vicious tackling, and with speed to run down the field with such speed that he was there when opposing players could catch punts.
In 1929 he played at right end for the Portsmouth Spartans. He remained with the Spartans in 1930 when the club joined the NFL. He appeared in 12 games, seven as a starter, for the 1930 Portsmouth club.
In 1931, Joseph joined the Cleveland Indians of the NFL. He appeared in only one game for the Indians. In three seasons, Joseph appeared in 21 NFL games, 15 as a starter.
Joseph died in 1983 in Harlingen, Texas.
# Azania Liberation Front

The Azania Liberation Front (ALF) was an armed rebel faction established in 1965, during the First Sudanese Civil War, by exiled members of the Sudan African National Union (SANU). It was a part of the original South Sudan Liberation Movement, the first Sudanese secessionist movement. Its name was taken from the Greek Azania, the Greek designation for the lands of East Africa south of Nubia.

## History

The organisation was formed after February 1965 when the SANU split into two sectors, the home and foreign. The home sector was led by William Deng Nhial, it sat in the Parliament on the issue of southern Sudan's right to self-determination. The foreign sector was directed by Aggrey Jaden Ladu, who had fled to Kampala in Uganda. In November 1964 Joseph Oduho, the first president of SANU, after losing a bid for presidency of the group to Jaden left and in so doing, split the organization. In March 1965 Oduho formed his own organization, the Azania Liberation Front; Jaden then renamed his faction of SANU loyalists, the Sudan African Liberation Front. In June of the same year the two factions reached a settlement and by the end of 1965 they had decided to reunite under as the Azania Liberation Front with Oduho as the president and Aggrey Jaden as vice president. In 1967 they headed the National Transitional Government of South Sudan (formed on August 15, 1967).
On 15 August 1967 was a called Provisional Government of Southern Sudan, SSNPG (1967–1969) chaired by Aggrey Jaden, who gave way (March 1969) to the Provisional Government of the State of the Nile. Later he had confrontations and reconciliations of the forces Anyanya Laguar that in 1969 he created his own political group, the National Organization after Anyanya (1970) Liberation Front of South Sudan (Laguar preferred first name).
Both the provisional government and the Azania Liberation Front were formally dissolved in July 1970. In 1971 the remnants joined with the Liberation Front of South Sudan, the Anyanya and other groups in the new organization Liberation Movement of South Sudan, which included almost all political organizations and the south.
The flag had three horizontal stripes, the upper and lower two were red and narrow, the central one (three times the measure of one red) was black. The stripes were separated with white fimbriations.
# Leiuperinae

The Leiuperinae are a subfamily of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae. Over 90 species are in five genera. The distribution of this subfamily is from southern Mexico to the Central America and much of South America.

## Taxonomy

Recognition of the Leiuperinae as it is known today is relatively recent. Frost et al. (2006) treated the Leiuperina as a part of the Leptodactylidae, whereas Grant et al. (2006) recognized them as a family, the view adopted by some sources. However, the Amphibian Species of the World follows Pyron and Wiens (2011) in recognizing this taxon as a subfamily. However, AmphibiaWeb includes leiuperinid genera in the Leptodactylidae, without recognizing them as a subfamily.

## Genera

The five genera are:
* Edalorhina Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
* Engystomops Jiménez de la Espada, 1872
* Physalaemus Fitzinger, 1826
* Pleurodema Tschudi, 1838
* Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926

## Defensive Mechanisms

Leiuperinae display several anti-predator mechanisms, including eyespots, hidden bright colours, macroglands in a inguinal/lumbar position, defensive behaviours, and/or chemical defence. A 2021 study showed the most recent ancestor of Edalorhina, Engystomops, Physalaemus, and Pleurodema evolved a particular type of serous gland (the main component of macroglands) in the lumbar skin along with the absence of the Eberth-Katschenko layer. Leiuperines with macroglands exhibit a defensive behaviour which includes four displays ('crouching down', rear elevation, body inflation, and eye protection) all of which are present in this same common ancestor. Several species independently evolved the two elements associated with aposematism (hidden bright colours and eyespots). Overall, the study provided phylogenetic evidence for the startle-first hypothesis, i.e. behavioural displays arise as sudden movements in camouflaged individuals to avoid predatory attacks, prior to the origin of bright coloration.
# 2009 Northern Mariana Championship

The 2009 Northern Mariana Championship was the fourth season of top-flight football in Northern Marianas Islands. The competition was won by Inter Godfather's, previously known as Fiesta Inter Saipan.

## Final table

Unlike previous seasons where playoffs had been employed, this season was a normal league format in which each team played the others twice. Remington were new entrants to the league and FC Arirang were renamed Korean FA.
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | GOD | MPU | IND | KFA | KFJ | REM | MAN |
| 1 | Inter Godfather's (C) | 12 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 33 | 16 | +17 | 23 | | 1–4 | 4–0 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 3–3 | 2–0 |
| 2 | Marianas Pacific United | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 43 | 31 | +12 | 19 | 1–4 | | 7–0 | 7–2 | 1–2 | 2–6 | 3–3 |
| 3 | Independents | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 27 | 33 | −6 | 19 | 2–1 | 0–1 | | 4–3 | 2–5 | 3–3 | 5–3 |
| 4 | Korean FA | 12 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 36 | 41 | −5 | 18 | 1–0 | 4–3 | 2–4 | | 3–11 | 7–1 | 3–2 |
| 5 | Korean FA Juniors | 12 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 33 | 30 | +3 | 16 | 3–3 | 0–3 | 2–5 | 3–2 | | 2–4 | 0–3 |
| 6 | Remington | 12 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 33 | 48 | −15 | 14 | 1–7 | 2–7 | 2–1 | 4–5 | 0–4 | | 7–2 |
| 7 | Matansa | 12 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 27 | 33 | −6 | 13 | 0–4 | 7–4 | 0–1 | 1–4 | 1–0 | 5–0 | |

## Top scorers

| Position | Name | Team | Goals |
| 1 | Joe Miller | Marianas Pacific United | 23 |
| 2 | Thoengaket Jeeraphong | Remington | 22 |
| 3 | Ko Brian | Korean FA Juniors | 13 |
| 4 | Jari Voutilainen | Independents | 12 |
| 5 | Jason Schroeder | Independents | 10 |
Source:
# Rafael Pena, Texas

Rafael Pena is a census-designated place (CDP) in Starr County, Texas, United States. This was a new CDP for the 2010 census, with a population of 17.

## Geography

Rafael Pena is located at 26°18′3″N 98°38′27″W﻿ / ﻿26.30083°N 98.64083°W﻿ / 26.30083; -98.64083 (26.300945, -98.640870). With a total area of 0.005 square miles, it is the smallest CDP in the United States.

## Demographics

Rafael Pena first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. Census.

### 2020 census

Rafael Pena CDP, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 17 | 16 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
| Total | 17 | 16 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
# Adelog of Hildesheim

Adelog von Dorstadt (died 20 September 1190) was Bishop of Hildesheim from 1171 until his death.

## Biography

Born into a Saxon noble family, he was a relative of the Lords of Dorstadt. From about 1160 he appeared as a canon at Hildesheim Cathedral and provost of the cathedral chapter in Goslar. In the fierce Hohenstaufen–Welf dispute between Frederick Barbarossa and the Saxon duke Henry the Lion, Bishop Adelog acted cautiously and eventually sided with the emperor. When Henry was deposed in 1180, he achieved nearly independent status. Despite the tensions with the House of Welf, he also worked as diocesan bishop in the residence of Brunswick.
Adelog was a builder, overseeing the reconstruction of the St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim after the fire of 1186, the completion of the basilica St. Godehard, Hildesheim, and the construction of the Neuwerk monastery in Goslar. He also sponsored construction of the Our Lady Altar in Brunswick Cathedral, which he consecrated on 8 September 1188 in the presence of Henry the Lion, and in 1189 he confirmed and privileged the foundation of an Augustinian nunnery in Dorstadt.
He died 20 September 1190 in Hildesheim and was buried in the Hildesheim Cathedral Adelogs grave in the nave of the cathedral is made of ornate sandstone.
# 2011 Asian Athletics Championships – Women's pole vault

The women's pole vault at the 2011 Asian Athletics Championships was held at the Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium on 9 July.

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Nationality | 3.60 | 3.75 | 3.90 | 4.00 | 4.10 | 4.20 | 4.30 | 4.35 | 4.40 | Result |
| | Wu Sha | China | – | – | – | xo | – | xo | o | o | xxx | 4.35 |
| | Li Ling | China | – | – | – | o | – | xxo | xo | – | xxx | 4.30 |
| | Choi Yun-hee | South Korea | – | – | – | o | – | xxx | | | | 4.00 |
| 4 | Olga Lapina | Kazakhstan | – | o | xo | xo | xxx | | | | | 4.00 |
| 5 | Miho Imano | Japan | o | xo | xxx | | | | | | | 3.75 |
| | Tomomi Abiko | Japan | – | – | – | xx– | – | x | | | | NM |
| | Rachel Yang | Singapore | xxx | | | | | | | | | NM |
# 1973 South Pacific Touring Series

The 1973 South Pacific Touring Car Series was an Australian motor racing competition for Group C Touring Cars. It was contested over four rounds, run in conjunction with the Australian rounds of the 1973 Tasman Series. The series, which was the third South Pacific Touring Series, was won by Peter Brock and his entrant, the Holden Dealer Team.

## Round schedule

The series was contested over four rounds.
| Round | Circuit | Date | Winning driver | Winning entrant | Car |
| 1 | Surfers Paradise International Raceway | 4 February | Peter Brock | Holden Dealer Team | Holden Torana GTR XU-1 |
| 2 | Warwick Farm | 11 February | Colin Bond | Holden Dealer Team | Holden Torana GTR XU-1 |
| 3 | Sandown | 18 February | Peter Brock | Holden Dealer Team | Holden Torana GTR XU-1 |
| 4 | Adelaide International Raceway | 25 February | Peter Brock | Holden Dealer Team | Holden Torana GTR XU-1 |

## Classes

Cars competed in four engine displacement classes:
* Class A: 0 to 1300cc
* Class B: 1301 to 2000cc
* Class C: 2001 to 3000cc
* Class D: 3001 to 6000cc

## Points system

Points were awarded on a 4-3-2-1 basis to the first four outright placegetters in each round and on a 9-6-4-3-2-1 basis to the first six placegetters in each class in each round.
Points were only awarded conditional on the driver competing in the same make and model of car entered by the same entrant in all four rounds.

## Series results

| Position | Driver & Entrant | Car |
| 1 | Peter Brock Holden Dealer Team | Holden Torana GTR XU-1 |
Note: The series winner was considered to be the driver and his/her entrant with each receiving equal recognition.
# Pınarbaşı, Acıpayam

Pınarbaşı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Acıpayam, Denizli Province in Turkey. Its population is 261 (2022).
# Sanil Shetty

Sanil Shankar Shetty is an Indian table-tennis player. In 2018 Commonwealth Games held at Gold Coast, Australia, He won gold in men's team event with Sharath Kamal, Anthony Amalraj, Sathiyan Gnanasekaran and Harmeet Desai & bronze in Men's doubles event with Harmeet Desai.
# Lehman Madonna

The Lehman Madonna is a c.1470 tempera-on-panel painting of the Madonna and Child by the Venetian painter Giovanni Bellini.
This early work by Bellini demonstrates the influence of his brother-in-law, the Paduan artist Andrea Mantegna. The orange-colored gourds in the garland hanging behind the Madonna's head symbolize the Resurrection; the fruit at the right might be a cherry, representing the Eucharist (Holy Communion) or an apple, representing the Fall of Man in the Garden of Eden. The gourd on the left has been identified by Levi d'Ancona as a Balsam Pear.
The painting was recorded in the Villa San Mauro, Rieti, Italy in 1911 and was acquired by Philip Lehman in or before June 1916. His son Robert bequeathed it in 1975 to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, to which it still belongs.
As of 2018, the painting is not on view.
# Rajin University of Marine Transport

Rajin University of Marine Transport is a North Korean technical university founded in July 1968 in Rason. It trains technicians, specialists and management officials in the field of marine transport.

## Noted alumni

* Kim Yong-il, former premier of North Korea
# Adelodiscus

Adelodiscus is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Adelodiscus philippinensis.
# Pellice

The Pellice (in Piedmontese Pélis) is a 53-kilometre (33 mi) Italian torrent, which runs through the Metropolitan City of Turin. The stream is a tributary of the Po River, into which it flows near Villafranca Piemonte.

## Geography

The stream is formed at the western slope of Monte Granero in the Cottian Alps and initially runs northwards, before turning east and reaching the comune of Bobbio Pellice. After receiving the waters of several torrents, such as the Ghiacciard, it forms the Val Pellice. Other streams flowing into the Pellice in its later course include the Angrogna and the Chiamogna, near the town of Bricherasio.
After the end of its mountain course, the torrent, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) after Bricherasio, receives the waters of the Chisone between Cavour and Vigone, doubling its average discharge. It reaches the Po River at Villafranca.
* Bridge over the Pellice (Paillichee) 1895

## Sources

* Torino, I.G.C., Map n. 6 - Monviso
# Zlatna Panega (village)

Zlatna Panega is a village in Yablanitsa Municipality, Lovech Province, northern Bulgaria.
# Pınarbaşı, Besni

Pınarbaşı is a village in the Besni District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 329 (2021).
The hamlets of Dutlupınar and Oğulcuk are attached to the village.