OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Palas de Rei

Palas de Rei is a town in the province of Lugo, Galicia in northwestern Spain. It belongs to the comarca of A Ulloa.
According to the INE, the population was 3,268 inhabitants.

## History

The history of Palas de Rei appears closely linked to military culture, which retains many of the archaeological remains (dolmens and forts) from a remote settlement. According to tradition, the city owes its name "Pallatium regis" to the palace of the Visigothic king Witiza, who reigned between 702 and 710. In Palas, Witiza would have killed the Duke of Galicia, Favila, father of Don Pelayo.
The Romanesque style came through The Way of Santiago, leaving its mark on religious architecture. The church of Vilar de Donas stands out as one of the main references of Galician Romanesque, declared in 1931 historical-artistic monument. Its murals are some of the most outstanding and best preserved in Galicia.
The "Lucus Augusti" route passed through this area, and already in the sixth century was it confirmed as a part of the county of "Ulliensis", being the Middle Ages a period of prosperity for the town, thanks to the Camino de Santiago. The "Codex Calixtino" quoted Palas as an obligatory stop for the pilgrims to face the last stretches of the Jacobean route.
The town hall of Palas de Rei has an extensive artistic heritage that reflects the noble past of these lands, as it preserves remains of forts, towers, castles, as well as several mansions and emblazoned houses. Among the most important buildings we can mention: the old house-tower of Filgueira; the tower-house of Fontecuberta; the Pazo de Laia that conserves the coat of arms of the counts of Traba, of whose lineage would come the founder of Pambre; the house of Ulloa, where the Saavedra, Montenegros, Gayosos, the Deza, identified with their arms and family shields; the Pazo Mariñao; the old fortress of the Castro de Seixas in the parish of Merlán, from where this well-known Galician lineage comes; the Pazo de Pacheco, and finally the Castle of Pambre, a fortress constructed by Don Gonzalo Ozores de Ulloa in 1375, which resisted the revolt of 1467, becoming one of the best examples of Galic military architecture.

## International relations
### Twin towns – sister cities

Palas de Rei is twinned with:
* Plouha, Brittany, France (since 2003)
# John Harty

John Harty can refer to:
* John Harty (American football)
* John Harty (cricketer)
* John Harty (equestrian)
# 2000–01 Bulgarian Cup

The 2000–01 Bulgarian Cup was the 61st season of the Bulgarian Cup. Litex Lovech won the competition, beating Velbazhd Kyustendil 1–0 in the final at the Stadion Lokomotiv in Sofia.

## First round

In this round entered winners from the preliminary round together with the teams from B Group.
| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| 23 September 2000 |||
| Dragoman (III) | 0–3 | Pirin Blagoevgrad (II) |
| Trakia Panagyurishte (III) | 0–4 | Marek Dupnitsa (II) |
| Lokomotiv Ruse (III) | 2–1 | Lokomotiv Plovdiv (II) |
| Sokol Markovo (III) | 1–0 | Belasitsa Petrich (II) |
| Granichar Svilengrad (III) | 3–0 | Dobrudzha Dobrich (II) |
| Fearplay Varna (III) | 3–0 | Septemvri Sofia (II) |
| Septemvri Simitli (III) | 0–1 | Botev Vratsa (II) |
| Dulovo'98 (III) | 3–2 (a.e.t.) | Slanchev Bryag Nesebar (II) |
| Stefanel Dupnitsa (III) | 2–0 | Akademik Svishtov (II) |
| Yunak Shumen (III) | 0–4 | Haskovo (II) |
| Edinstvo Gurkovo (III) | 0–3 | Dunav Ruse (II) |
| Planinets Apriltsi (III) | 0–3 | Metalurg Pernik (II) |
| Yambol (III) | 2–1 | Shumen (II) |
| Loviko Suhindol (III) | 0–1 | Svetkavitsa Targovishte (II) |
| Montana (III) | 0–5 | Spartak Pleven (II) |
| Venets Oreshets (III) | 2–1 | Bdin Vidin (II) |

## Second round

In this round entered winners from the First Round together with the teams from A Group.

## Final
### Details

| Litex | Velbazhd |
# Quanto conficiamur moerore

Quanto conficiamur moerore (or simply Quanto conficiamur) is an encyclical of Pope Pius IX, published on August 10, 1863, addressed to the College of Cardinals and Italian Episcopate.
Pius begins by addressing the hostility to the church throughout the world and particularly in Italy with the Piedmontese government. He condemns the errors of modern times and condemns the diffusion of error among some Catholics. He stresses that charity must be given to those outside the church and reproves the error of self-seekingness and materialism. The Pope carries out an energetic condemnation on those ecclesiastics and "certain condemnable societies" of clergy who, with the approval of the government of Piedmont and the Parliament, were in open contempt against the Holy See and spreading false doctrine.
Notably, the encyclical addresses the subject of salvation outside of the church. Beginning by rebuking the belief that eternal salvation could be attained even while "living in error and alienated from the true faith and Catholic unity," Pius recognizes that there are "those who are struggling with invincible ignorance about our most holy religion. Sincerely observing the natural law and its precepts inscribed by God on all hearts and ready to obey God, they live honest lives and are able to attain eternal life by the efficacious virtue of divine light and grace." The Pope then strongly reaffirms the teaching of extra Ecclesiam nulla salus and affirms that those who oppose the teaching of the church or are "stubbornly separated" from it cannot obtain eternal salvation. The encyclical gives praise for those clergy, consecrated virgins, and people of Italy who have remained faithful and ends on a hopeful note.
# 1970 Singapore Open

The 1970 Singapore Open, also known as the 1970 Singapore Open Badminton Championships, took place from 15 to 18 October 1970 at the Singapore Badminton Hall in Singapore.

## Final results

| Category | Winners | Runners-up | Score |
| Men's singles | Muljadi | Darmawan | 18–16, 15–8 |
| Women's singles | Intan Nurtjahja | Utami Dewi | 11–3, 11–5 |
| Men's doubles | Indra Gunawan & Indratno | Nara Sudjana & Iie Sumirat | 15–10, 15–7 |
| Women's doubles | Retno Koestijah & Minarni | Rosalind Singha Ang & Teoh Siew Yong | 15–11, 15–4 |
| Mixed doubles | Ng Boon Bee & Sylvia Ng | Chirasak Champakao & Pachara Pattabongse | 15–11, 15–12 |
# Radwanów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Radwanów (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia Konecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Słupia, 26 km (16 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 38 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# Radhakuchi

Radhakuchi is a village of Barpeta District, Assam, India.

## Location

Radhakuchi is located in Barpeta district in Assam, India. It is situated 11 km away from Barpeta, which is both the district & sub-district headquarters of Radhakuchi. Radhakuchi is also a gram panchayat. The name of Gaon Panchayat is 6 No. Radhakuchi Gaon Panchay in the local language, Assamese, in Barpeta district. Villages neighbouring Radhakuchi are Kharua Para (to the west), Panichilla (to the north), Radhakuchi Habi (to the East), and Barbila (to the south).

## Demography

The area of the village is 273.28 hectares. Radhakuchi has a total population of 2515 people in about 485 houses.

## Education

There is a lower primary school, a middle school, Chikar Bhitha M.E. School, and a high school, Radhakuchi ChikarBhitha (R.C.) High school. Republic Day, Independence Day, and other festivals are celebrated every year. Clubs like the Radhakuchi Amar Jyoti Club and Chikarbhitha Friends Club arrange many sports and cultural activities on these occasions.chikar bitha Biplop club and library
# Rengebuji

Rengebuji (蓮華峰寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Chisan-ha sect of Shingon Buddhism located in the Southern side of Sado island. The temple is said to have been founded by Kūkai in the 9th century.
Its compound houses some well-preserved ancient buildings, several designated important cultural properties at a national level.
Among those are a Kondō (金堂) hall built before 1459, a Kohodō (弘法堂) hall celebrating Kūkai dated 1609, and an ossuary built before 1348, making it the oldest building in Niigata prefecture.
# Palhers

Palhers is a commune in the Lozère département in southern France.
# Francis More

Francis More (by 1525 – 1575?) was an English politician. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Newcastle-under-Lyme in April 1554.
# Sled Storm

Sled Storm may refer to:
* Sled Storm (1999 video game), for PlayStation
* Sled Storm (2002 video game), for PlayStation 2
# Fred de Malmanche

Frederick Henry Thomson de Malmanche (15 March 1900 – 1988) was a politician and diplomat.

## Biography

Descending from the first French settlers in Akaroa in 1840, de Malmanche was born in Christchurch and later lived in Dunedin and Wellington as an employee of Charles Haines Advertising Limited. In 1930 he moved to Auckland where he became the company's managing director. He was married to Olive Lolo Gaudin. He had been president of the Association of Advertising Agencies of New Zealand and president of the Auckland Rotary Club.
In 1959 he stood on the Citizens & Ratepayers (C&R) ticket for the Auckland City Council and was elected a member. He was re-elected in 1962 and held a seat on the council for four years before he resigned in 1963. His resignation instigated a by-election to the council.
In 1962 de Malmanche was part of a group of C&R councillors (alongside Charlie Passmore and Reg Savory) who had persuaded the president of the Auckland Chamber of Commerce Edgar Faber to run for the Auckland mayoralty against Dove-Myer Robinson. They convinced him to do so by telling him exaggerated stories of Robinson's personal conduct and his behaviour during council business. Faber began to regret being involved in the mayoral contest as it began to affect his health and planned to withdraw from the race, but de Malmanche and the other C&R councillors insisted he continue. Shortly after the election Faber discovered he was dying of cancer and confided to Robinson that the C&R trio had used him against Robinson for "purely mercenary ends".
In 1963 de Malmanche was appointed by the Second National Government as New Zealand's Resident High Commissioner to India. He held the post until 1965.
He died in Auckland in 1988, aged 88.
# Herbert Schulze (musicologist)

Herbert Schulze (4 September 1923 – 6 June 1975 in Leipzig) was a German musicologist. Schulze was a proven Schumann expert and for many years chief editor of the Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften in Leipzig. In 1969, Schulze was awarded the Robert Schumann Prize of the City of Zwickau.
# Let Me Be Your Sugar Baby

"Let Me Be Your Sugar Baby" is a song written by Artie Malvin.
The song inspired the Broadway musical, Sugar Babies, for which Malvin received a Tony Award nomination. This song also inspired the name for the iconic Sugar Babies candy that was originally developed in 1935.
# Radwanów-Kolonia

Radwanów-Kolonia (Polish pronunciation:) is a village located in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia Konecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Słupia, 26 km (16 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 38 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.
# 5th Corps (Yugoslav Partisans)

The 5th Bosnian Corps (Serbo-Croatian Latin: Peti bosanski udarni korpus) was a Yugoslav Partisan corps that fought against the Germans, Independent State of Croatia (NDH) and Chetniks in occupied Democratic Federal Yugoslavia during World War II.
It was first created on 11 May 1943 as the 2nd Bosnian Corps from the 1st Bosnian Corps, together with the 5th Division. Virtually all units of the 1st Bosnian Corps were transferred to the 2nd Bosnian Corps including the 4th, 10th and 11th Krajina divisions for a total of around 7,500 soldiers. Its commander was Slavko Rodić and its Political Commissar Veljo Stojnić.
The 2nd Bosnian Corps was ordered to move to eastern Bosnia. Its adversary, the German 369th, 373rd, 114th and 7th SS divisions, together with NDH forces and local Chetniks had over 160,000 soldiers. This forced the 2nd Bosnian Corps to conduct guerrilla warfare and avoid open battles.
On 5 October 1943 the Corps was renamed the 5th (Bosnian) Corps. It kept fighting in Bosnia, carried out the Banja Luka operation, and in May 1944 helped resist the German Seventh Offensive around Drvar. In the final offensive in 1945, it participated in the final liberation of many places in western and central Bosnia.
In the last phase of the war the 5th Corps participated in the Sarajevo Operation attacking north of the city to cut off the escape routes of the German garrison. The mission was not completely successful as the bulk of the enemy forces managed to fall back to the north-west. But elements of the Corps were able to enter liberated Sarajevo, together with the other partisan formations of the 2nd and 3rd Corps.
The 5th Corps was disbanded on 22 April 1945 and its divisions were added to the 2nd Army.

## Sources

* vojska.net
# Plot point (role-playing games)

In tabletop role-playing games, a plot point is a resource possessed by a player which can be spent to alter the plot of the game. The name is a pun on the TV and film term plot point.

## Description

In most commercial RPGs, plot points represent the heroic quality of player characters, which separates them from other people in the game world, and as such are spent to increase a character's chance of success in combat or other actions. Examples include Fate points in FATE (also RPGs based on the FATE system), Edge in MechWarrior, Fortune dice in Feng Shui or Force points in the Star Wars role-playing games from West End Games (Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game) and Wizards of the Coast (the Star Wars Roleplaying Game).
In some RPGs, mostly indie RPGs, plot points are rather a way of involving the player in the story. They can be spent to introduce something into the game, or to add a previously unrevealed fact about a character. Examples include story tokens in Capes, the seven types of Narrative privileges (Privilèges narratifs) in the 2nd edition of The Last Chronicles of Erdor (Les Chroniques d'Erdor, in French) or backgrounds in Dogs in the Vineyard.
In Steve Jackson Games's role-playing game Toon, plot points are used as experience points, awarded for completing in-game objectives and used to increase a player character's statistics.
The first role-playing game to incorporate plot points was Top Secret by TSR, Inc. which gave each character between 1-10 luck points. Each luck point allowed a player to reverse the consequences of a single roll.
Character creation in the Serenity Role Playing Game (2005) is point-based; in addition to that, players are able to spend plot points to change the outcome of die rolls, which become a standard feature in licensed games based on dramatic series.$^{:353}$ In the Cortex System, players receive plot points as a reward for role-playing the disadvantages of their characters, and this interrelation between plot points and complications was a trend that was more in line with indie game design than the more traditional role-playing system of Cortex.$^{:353}$ In the Smallville Roleplaying Game, plot points are a central resource which player characters gain by using complications and can be used to access superhuman powers.$^{:354}$ Leverage: The Roleplaying Game also featured a plot-point economy, using the distinctions of the characters.$^{:354–355}$
# Reign of Fire

Reign of Fire may refer to:
* Reign of Fire (album), an album by reggae artist Capleton
* Reign of Fire (film), 2002 action/science-fiction film directed by Rob Bowman
* Reign of Fire (video game), a videogame based on the movie
See also
# Bulbophyllum oliganthum

Bulbophyllum oliganthum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum.
# Herbert Schutz

Herbert (Herb) Schutz (February 25, 1937 – January 1, 2018) was a German-born Canadian philologist who was Professor Emeritus and Chair of the Department of Germanic and Slavic Studies/Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures at Brock University.

## Biography

Herbert Schutz was born in Germany on February 25, 1937. He emigrated to Canada in 1951. Schutz graduated from the Central Technical School in Toronto in 1956. Schutz obtained his BA from the University of Toronto in 1959, where he studied Ancient, Near Eastern, and Modern History. Obtaining his teaching qualifications at the Ontario College of Education, Schutz taught at Jarvis Collegiate Institute and Central Technical School, where he was head of the French department and as assistant head of Moderns.
Obtaining his MA (1965) and PhD (1968) at the University of Toronto, Schutz taught at Brock University, where he became Professor in 1983. He subsequently served as Chairman of the Department of Germanic and Slavic Studies/Modern Languages and Literature at Brock University. Schutz retired as Professor Emeritus in 2003.
Schutz produced numerous works on the German language and literature. In the 1970s, he co-wrote German a Practical Approach, which was subsequently adapted to computerized language laboratory instruction, becoming a model for German grammar textbooks published in Canada. Schutz is well known for his 10 volume series on Central European History from Pre-history to 1300. These were produced through financial support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. The first volume of the series, The Prehistory of Germanic Europe, was published in 1983, with the reviewer for The American Historical Review writing that the book "should be read by anyone the least bit interested in the history of Europe".
Schutz was a founding member of the Ontario Association of Teachers’ of German, and served several years as Chair of the Niagara Chapter of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs and President the Ontario Modern Language Teachers’ Association.
Schutz died in Toronto on January 1, 2018. He was survived by his wife of 56 years, and several children and grandchildren.

## Selected works

* The Prehistory of Germanic Europe, 1983
* The Romans in Central Europe, 1985
* The Germanic Realms in Pre-Carolingian Central Europe, 400-750, 2000
* Tools, Weapons and Ornaments: Germanic Material Culture in Pre-Carolingian Central Europe, 400-750, 2001
* The Carolingians in Central Europe, 2004
* The Medieval Empire in Central Europe, 2010
* Mystic Women and Lyric Poets In Medieval Society, 2010
* Romanesque Architecture And Its Artistry In Central Europe, 900-1300, 2011
# Fred besjunger Frida

Fred Åkerström besjunger Frida (English: Fred Åkerström re-sings Frida) is an album by the Swedish folk singer-songwriter and guitar player Fred Åkerström. On this album, Åkerström interprets songs of the Swedish folk author, Birger Sjöberg

## Track listing

* Söndagsmorgon
* Frida sörjer sommaren
* Basens sorg
* Bleka dödens minut
* Aftontankar vid Fridas ruta
* Duvdrottningen
* Romantisk promenad
* Hos min doktor
* Månens hy
* Finge Frida rätt
* Krigssyn
# Queen Charlotte (1807 packet)

Queen Charlotte was a Falmouth packet boat, launched in 1807 at Falmouth. She was wrecked at Lisbon in 1814.

## Career

Queen Charlotte made only one voyage across the Atlantic. Queen Charlotte, Mudge, master, left Falmouth on 11 March 1808. She was at Halifax between 21 and 30 April. She was then at New York between 7 May and 10 June. On her return voyage she was at Halifax again between 16 and 23 June, and she arrived back at Falmouth on 13 July.
She apparently also made several transits to and from Cadiz, Gibraltar, and Lisbon.
A Queen Charlotte, packet (there were two at the time), sailed from Falmouth on 15 October, bound for New York. She lost her mast and was towed back into Falmouth on 27 October.
On 27 October 1811 Queen Charlotte, Quarme, master, sailed from Falmouth, bound for New York. She was at Halifax between 3 and 10 December. She was then at New York from 3 to 25 January 1813. She arrived back at Falmouth on 18 February.
On 7 December 1812 Queen Charlotte arrived at Passages with the loss of her head and much damage to her sails and rigging. There had been a gale on 3 and 4 December between England and Passages.

## Fate

On 16 January 1814 Queen Charlotte was at San Sebastián when a gale drove her on the rocks, wrecking her completely. Mr. Sebastian, the agent for packets at Passages, tried to organize a rescue, but Captain Mudge (her master and owner), and 16 of his crew died. Her mail and passengers were saved. Apparently, she had landed her mail and passengers before wrecking. Also 15 crew-members were saved; they were on shore too, having been given permission to go on shore the previous day.
# Zappa (chess)

Zappa, Zap!Chess or Zappa Mexico, is a UCI chess engine written by Anthony Cozzie, a graduate student at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The program emphasizes sound search and a good use of multiple processors. Earlier versions of Zappa are free (though not open-source software) and the current version (Zappa Mexico) is available at Shredder Computer Chess.

## History

Zappa scored an upset victory at the World Computer Chess Championship in August, 2005, in Reykjavík, Iceland where it won with a score of 101⁄2 out of 11, and beat both Junior and Shredder, programs that had won the championship many times. In the speed chess portion of the tournament Zappa placed second, after Shredder. Zappa's other tournament successes include winning CCT7 on the Internet Chess Club (ICC) and defeating Grandmaster Jaan Ehlvest 3-1.
In Mexico in September 2007 Zappa won a match against Rybka by a score of 51⁄2 - 41⁄2. Many commentators had predicted a slew of draws based on the strength of the engines, but the differences in style provided an interesting match with several decisive games and many fighting draws. For some time, Zappa was considered one of the two strongest commercially available chess programs; see engine rating lists like CCRL for current rankings. Some speculate that Zappa's more efficient SMP parallel search could make it stronger on enough processors.
In March 2008 Anthony Cozzie announced that "the Zappa project is 100% finished", which includes both tournaments and future releases.
In June 2010, Zach Wegner announced that he had acquired the rights to maintain and improve the Zappa engine. The improved engine competed in the 2010 WCCC under the name Rondo, achieving second place behind Rybka before the latter's disqualification.

## Commercialization

Immediately after the successful WCCC 2005, there were plans to commercialize Zappa, but the first attempts with Vincent Diepeveen failed. In April 2006, a commercial version dubbed Zap!Chess running under the Fritz GUI was released by ChessBase.
The version of Zappa that won the Zappa-Rybka match, Zappa Mexico, is sold by Shredder Computer Chess, is compatible with Windows and Linux computers with up to 512 CPU cores and supports multipv analysis and Nalimov tablebases.

## Notable games

| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
* Zappa vs Crafty, WCCC 2005, 1-0 Despite Zappa being a relative newcomer, it managed to win the tournament and in general caused a bit of a stir in the computer chess community.
# Gopło Kruszwica

Klub Piłkarski Gopło Kruszwica is a football club from Kruszwica, Poland. It was founded in 1925. As of the 2024–25 season, they compete in the Kuyavia-Pomerania II group of the regional league.