OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mai Bhagi

Mai Bhagi (Sindhi:مائي ڀاڳي‎) (c. 1920 – 7 July 1986) was a Sindhi folk singer and musician.

## Early life and career

Born Bhag Bhari in Mithi in Thar, Sindh in 1920. Mai Bhagi grew up in a village in the Thar Desert. Her father was Wanhyun Fakir and her mother was Khadija Maganhar. Both her parents were known singers in their region at that time.
Mai Bhagi's birth name was Bhag Bhari (which means 'a lucky person'). She was married to folk singer Hothi Fakir at the age of 16 in Islamkot Tharparkar. Then she shifted to Mithi Tharparkar in 1950 permanently. Record producer Sheikh Ghulam Hussain, husband of Pakistani folk singer Abida Parveen, offered her the opportunity to record at the Radio Pakistan studios, and later her records were played on the radio. She started singing on Radio Pakistan, Hyderabad her folk song 'Kharee neem kay neeche' (underneath a neem tree) from 1960. Bhagi was paid only 20 rupees for this first radio broadcast. According to a major newspaper of Pakistan, "But it wasn't until she sang it on the state-owned PTV in 1974 that the song became a national mainstream hit and turned Bhagi into a Sindhi/Thari folk star".
Her other folk songs 'Saman Sai Maan Ta Goli Ghulam Tohinji Dar Ji' became very popular among the Pakistani people and secured her stardom, her folk song 'Murli Wari Man Mohiyo also became popular in the rural areas of Sindh. The government of Pakistan provided financial support for her to tour overseas, and she continued her career in music until her death on 7 July 1986.
You can read complete documentary of Mai Bhagi on popular Sindhi music website 'Media Music Mania'. Further Complete detailed Biography and selected best songs of Mai Bhagi listen on.

## Awards and recognition

* Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan in 1981.
* Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai Award
* Sachal Sarmast Award
# Phytoene desaturase (neurosporene-forming)

Phytoene desaturase (neurosporene-forming) (EC 1.3.99.28, 3-step phytoene desaturase, three-step phytoene desaturase, phytoene desaturase (ambiguous), CrtI (ambiguous)) is an enzyme with systematic name 15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (neurosporene-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    15-cis-phytoene + 3 acceptor $\rightleftharpoons$ all-trans-neurosporene + 3 reduced acceptor (overall reaction)
    (1a) 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor $\rightleftharpoons$ all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor
    (1b) all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor $\rightleftharpoons$ all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor
    (1c) all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor $\rightleftharpoons$ all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor
This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis.
# Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1

The Panasonic Lumix DMC-GM1 was announced October 2013, as Panasonic's "pocketable", Micro Four Thirds compact mirrorless interchangeable lens camera. It features the same sensor as the GX7, AF detection range of -4 - 18 EV, focus peaking mode, an electronic shutter with speeds ranging from 60 - 1/16,000 sec, and Wi-Fi connectivity.
Panasonic claims the camera is the smallest among interchangeable lens cameras. It lacks some features found in competitors including a viewfinder, in-body image stabilization, a hotshoe, and NFC.
# California's 4th district

California's 4th district may refer to:
* California's 4th congressional district
* California's 4th State Assembly district
* California's 4th State Senate district
# Gabriel Taapopi Senior Secondary School

Gabriel Taapopi Senior Secondary School, also known as GT, is a governmental secondary school in Ongwediva in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia. The school opened its doors in 1988 and was officially inaugurated in 1989 by then SWAPO deputy education minister Buddy Wentworth. It is named after Gabriel Taapopi. Its principal is Eelu Sakaria. The school is one of the top performing schools in the country. It has around 800 learners and about 30 teachers. The school features a large computer laboratory, physical science and biology labs as well as sports grounds.

## Sports and entertainment

The school has incorporated a wide range of sport activities in it is curricula. It is successfully involved in national sports competitions of netball and soccer. The school groomed good football players, like Benson Shilongo, Esko Kavela, Benjamen Hauwanga and Johannes Iithete.
# GR 5

The GR 5 is a GR footpath that starts in the Netherlands, crosses Belgium and Luxembourg before crossing France from north to south. It is part of the European walking route E2. This trail is famous for its route through the French Alps from Lake Geneva to Nice called Grande Traversée des Alpes.

## Itinerary

* Hook of Holland, at the North Sea (NL)
* Bergen op Zoom (NL)
* Hasselt (B)
* Maastricht (NL)
* Liège (B)
* Spa (B)
* Ouren (B)
* Diekirch (L)
* Dudelange, near Luxembourg (L)
* Liverdun, near Nancy (F)
* Donon (F)
* Ballon d'Alsace (F)
* La Cluse, near Pontarlier (F)
* Les Rousses (F)
* Lake Geneva (F) / (CH)
* Samoëns (F)
* Les Houches, near Chamonix (F)
* Modane (F)
* Briançon (F)
* Saint-Étienne de Tinée (F)
* Roure (F)
* Nice (F)
# Harold Theodore Tate

Harold Theodore Tate (December 28, 1875 - October 23, 1960) was the 26th Treasurer of the United States from May 31, 1928, until January 17, 1929, serving under President Calvin Coolidge. While holding that post, his duties included being the signatory on United States currency.
He was born on December 28, 1875, the son of Allen S. Tate and Ariana Peck Tate of Grainger County, Tennessee. His father Allen was the assistant Attorney General in the Department of the Interior under President William McKinley. H.T. Tate had previously served as Deputy Treasurer of the United States, and one of his duties in that post included signing the President's paycheck. His signature was the first to be included on the modern sized United States paper money as Treasurer of the United States.
Managing money seems to have run in this family. H. T. Tate's brother Ernest served as Treasurer of the Southern Railway, headquartered at 15th and K Street N.W. in Washington, D.C., just a few blocks away from the United States Department of the Treasury.
H.T. Tate died on October 23, 1960, and is buried in Emma Jarnagin Cemetery in Morristown, Tennessee.
| Preceded byFrank White | Treasurer of the United States 1928–1929 | Succeeded byW. O. Woods |
# Fort Sommelsdijk

Fort Sommelsdijk was a fort in Suriname built in 1686 at the confluence of the Commewijne and Cottica rivers. Later it was used as a mission post and hospital. In 1870, it lost its function and was only used a military outpost. In the 21st century, the fort was taken over by nature.

## History

In 1683, Cornelis van Aerssen van Sommelsdijck became the first Dutch governor of Suriname. He built a plantation near the confluence of the Commewijne and Cottica rivers. On 7 March 1685, the Court of Policy decided to build a fort at the location, and construction started in 1686. The fort was named after van Aerssen van Sommelsdijck.
On 10 October 1712, Jacques Cassard captured the Meerzorg plantation for France, and threatened Paramaribo across the Suriname River. The governor and the councillors fled to Sommelsdijk from where they negotiated a ransom for the colony. In 1715, it was decided to strengthen Sommeldijk.
In 1745, France threatened war on the Netherlands as part as of the War of the Austrian Succession, therefore, it was decided to build Fort Nieuw-Amsterdam at the confluence of the Suriname and the Commewijne River in order to better protect the plantations. In 1748, it was decided to abandoned Sommelsdijk as a fort, and only use it as a military outpost.
In 1785, the Moravian Church received permission to reuse the fort as a missionary post. In 1789, a hospital was established at the location. The mission post was abandoned in 1818, and the hospital closed in 1870.
# Rheine-Mesum station

Rheine-Mesum is a railway station located in Mesum, Germany.

## History

The station is located on the Münster–Rheine line. The train services are operated by WestfalenBahn.

## Rail services

The following service currently call at Rheine-Mesum:
| Series | Operator | Route | Frequency |
| RB 65 | WestfalenBahn | Rheine – Rheine-Mesum – Emsdetten – Reckenfeld – Greven – Münster-Sprakel – Münster-Zentrum Nord – Münster Hbf | Hourly, about every 30 mins in peak |
# Po Saktiraydapaghoh

Po Saktiraydapaghoh (died 1657), sometimes known as Po Phiktirai da Paghuh, original name Phik Cak, was a King of Champa who ruled from 1654 to 1657 as a tributary of the Nguyễn lord of Annam.
The life and reign of Po Saktiraydapaghoh is only known from later Cham sources. According to historical tradition he was a prince, originally named Phik Cak, who married Po Mul, a daughter of king Po Rome. Supposedly, he became a traitor and colluded with the Nguyễn lord Nguyễn Phúc Tần to assist Vietnamese expansion. He thus manipulated Po Rome's female diviners to tell the king to fell a sacred trunk of an ironwood tree that protected the Champa kingdom in order to restore the health of the Vietnamese royal consort Bia Ut. Legend has it that Po Rome was subsequently abandoned by the protective deities of Champa, and was as a result defeated and captured by a Vietnamese invading army (1651). Vietnamese sources, on the other hand, only mention a Nguyễn invasion in 1653, at the time of Po Rome's brother and successor Po Nraup. After the invasion, which cost Champa its northernmost territory, Phik Cak was elevated to the throne in 1654 under the name Po Saktiraydapaghoh. He was ordained by the Nguyễn ruler and obliged to send tribute to his court in Kim Long (present Huế). The Cham Mangbalai manuscript, which gives cryptic and metaphorical characterizations of the Cham kings, mentions a king Po Nasuor, supposedly the same as Po Saktiraydapaghoh, and provides an ambiguous opinion: "Then arrived a man comparable to the white elephant, without protection, who only strikes with the trunk and the feet. The souls and bodies are dispersed at the horizon. Then Po Nasuor reigns."
He did not survive for long, however, but passed away in 1657 under unknown circumstances. He was succeeded by his son-in-law Po Jatamah.
# Raymond Woodard Brink

Raymond Woodard Brink (4 January 1890 in Newark, New Jersey – 27 December 1973 in La Jolla, California) was an American mathematician. His Ph.D. advisor at Harvard was George David Birkhoff.
Brink entered Kansas State College at age 14 and by age 19 had two bachelor's degrees and was employed as an instructor of mathematics in Moscow, Idaho; he taught at the state preparatory school of the University of Idaho. He returned to school at Harvard and earned a doctorate in 1916 and was a longtime professor at the University of Minnesota, and also authored numerous math textbooks. He served as president of the Mathematical Association of America from 1941–42.

## Personal

Brink was the husband of author Carol Ryrie Brink, whom he had met during his first year in Idaho when both were teenagers. She was nearly six years his junior; they wed nine years later in 1918, following her graduation from college. Married for over 55 years at the time of his death, they had two children, David and Nora (Hunter). David (b. 1919) became an attorney and later headed the American Bar Association.
# Phil Wilson (footballer, born 1972)

Philip Michael Wilson (born 5 February 1972) is an English former footballer who played as a defender. He played for Hartlepool United.
# 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay

The women's 4 × 400 metres relay event at the 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Tallinn, Estonia, at Kadriorg Stadium on 11 July.

## Records

Prior to the competition, the records were as follows:
| European U23 record | Russia (RUS) | 3:26.58 | Debrecen, Hungary | 15 July 2007 |
| Championship U23 record | Russia (RUS) | 3:26.58 | Debrecen, Hungary | 15 July 2007 |

## Results
### Round 1

Qualification rule: First 3 in each heat (Q) and the next 2 fastest (q) advance to the Final.
| Rank | Heat | Nation | Athletes | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | Poland | Aleksandra Wsołek, Aleksandra Formella, Anna Gryc, Karolina Łozowska | 3:34.07 | Q, EU23L |
| 2 | 2 | France | Agathe Guillemot, Louise Maraval, Camille Seri, Shana Grebo | 3:34.41 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Spain | Ángela García, Andrea Jiménez, Carla García, Sara Gallego | 3:34.64 | Q, NU23R |
| 4 | 1 | Germany | Brenda Cataria-Byll, Lisa Sophie Hartmann, Luna Thiel, Mona Mayer | 3:34.77 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | Italy | Alessandra Bonora, Anna Polinari, Eleonora Ricci, Samantha Zago | 3:34.97 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | Great Britain | Hannah Kelly, Jade O'Dowda, Yasmin Liverpool, Zoe Pollock | 3:34.99 | q |
| 7 | 1 | Czech Republic | Nikoleta Jíchová, Věra Holubářová, Barbora Veselá, Lada Vondrová | 3:35.35 | Q |
| 8 | 1 | Switzerland | Lena Wernli, Veronica Vancardo, Giulia Senn, Silke Lemmens | 3:35.76 | q, NU23R |
| 9 | 1 | Ukraine | Olena Radiuk-Kucuk, Tetyana Bezshyyko, Mariya Buryak, Maryana Shostak | 3:37.00 | |
| 10 | 2 | Belgium | Eline Claeys, Fiebe Tengrootenhuysen, Nina Hespel, Helena Ponette | 3:37.47 | |
| 11 | 2 | Belarus | Katsiaryna Zhyvayeva, Valiantsina Chymbar, Palina Kiberava, Asteria Uzo Limai | 3:37.65 | |
| 12 | 1 | Finland | Frida Hämäläinen, Nea Mattila, Mette Baas, Viola Westling | 3:38.83 | |
| 13 | 1 | Hungary | Hanna Répássy, Sára Mátó, Tamara Erdei, Janka Molnár | 3:40.38 | |
| 14 | 2 | Slovakia | Viktoria Strýčková, Gabriela Gajanová, Lenka Predajnianska, Natália Bučičová | 3:45.02 | NU23R |
| 15 | 2 | Norway | Ingrid Pernille Rismark, Solveig Vråle, Hanne Arstein, Josefine Tomine Eriksen | 3:47.93 | |

### Final

| Rank | Nation | Athletes | Time | Notes |
| | Czech Republic | Lada Vondrová, Nikoleta Jíchová, Barbora Veselá, Barbora Malíková | 3:30.11 | EU23L |
| | France | Sokhna Lacoste, Louise Maraval, Camille Seri, Shana Grebo | 3:30.33 | NU23R |
| | Poland | Natalia Wosztyl, Aleksandra Formella, Karolina Łozowska, Kinga Gacka | 3:30.38 | |
| 4 | Germany | Brenda Cataria-Byll, Lisa Sophie Hartmann, Luna Thiel, Mona Mayer | 3:30.72 | |
| 5 | Great Britain | Hannah Kelly, Zoe Pollock, Holly Mills, Isabelle Boffey | 3:33.06 | |
| 6 | Italy | Alessandra Bonora, Eloisa Coiro, Anna Polinari, Samantha Zago | 3:33.52 | |
| 7 | Spain | Ángela García, Andrea Jiménez, Carla García, Sara Gallego | 3:33.54 | NU23R |
| 8 | Switzerland | Silke Lemmens, Veronica Vancardo, Giulia Senn, Yasmin Giger | 3:34.14 | NU23R |
# GR 42

The GR 42 is a long-distance walking route of the Grande Randonnée network in France. The route connects Beaucaire with Saint-Étienne.
Along the way, the route passes through:
* Beaucaire
* Pujaut
* Orsan
* Meysse
* Plats
* Bourg-Argental
* Saint-Étienne
# Rkc

RKC may refer to:
* RKC Waalwijk, an association football team in the Netherlands
* Rajkumar College, Rajkot, a K-12 school in the city of Rajkot, India
* Rajkumar College, Raipur, a K-12 school in the city of Rajpur, India
* Montague Airport (California) in Montague, California, United States
* Kochi Broadcasting, a Japanese commercial broadcaster
* Roman Key Card Blackwood, a bridge bidding convention; see Blackwood convention
* Royal Kennel Club, commonly referred to as The Kennel Club
* Revolutionary Knitting Circle, an activist group.
# Fort Randolph (Panama)

Fort Randolph in Panama was a Coast Artillery Corps fort built to defend the northern end of the Panama Canal in conjunction with Fort Sherman.

## History

Fort Randolph was built on Margarita Island which had been connected to the mainland by a railway causeway, so that the eastern breakwater of Bahía Limón could be built. Like most of the Panama forts, construction began in 1913 and the breakwater was complete in 1916. The fort itself was completed on 9 April 1920 and named after Major General Wallace F. Randolph. After World War I, emplacements were added for the M1920 railway guns. These emplacements were located east of Battery Tidball.

## Batteries

The following batteries were built on the fort.
* Tidball, four -12-inch mortars, (John C. Tidball)
* Zalinski, four -12-inch mortars
* Webb, two 14-inch Disappearing gun
* Weed, two 6-inch Disappearing gun
* four 75-mm guns
* four 155-mm guns
* Two emplacements for the 14-inch M1920 railway guns
# Hippopede

In geometry, a hippopede (from Ancient Greek ἱπποπέδη (hippopédē) 'horse fetter') is a plane curve determined by an equation of the form
    $(x^{2}+y^{2})^{2}=cx^{2}+dy^{2},$
where it is assumed that c > 0 and c > d since the remaining cases either reduce to a single point or can be put into the given form with a rotation. Hippopedes are bicircular, rational, algebraic curves of degree 4 and symmetric with respect to both the x and y axes.

## Special cases

When d > 0 the curve has an oval form and is often known as an oval of Booth, and when d < 0 the curve resembles a sideways figure eight, or lemniscate, and is often known as a lemniscate of Booth, after 19th-century mathematician James Booth who studied them. Hippopedes were also investigated by Proclus (for whom they are sometimes called Hippopedes of Proclus) and Eudoxus. For d = −c, the hippopede corresponds to the lemniscate of Bernoulli.

## Definition as spiric sections

Hippopedes can be defined as the curve formed by the intersection of a torus and a plane, where the plane is parallel to the axis of the torus and tangent to it on the interior circle. Thus it is a spiric section which in turn is a type of toric section.
If a circle with radius a is rotated about an axis at distance b from its center, then the equation of the resulting hippopede in polar coordinates
    $r^{2}=4b(a-b\sin ^{2}\!\theta )$
or in Cartesian coordinates
    $(x^{2}+y^{2})^{2}+4b(b-a)(x^{2}+y^{2})=4b^{2}x^{2}$.
Note that when a > b the torus intersects itself, so it does not resemble the usual picture of a torus.
# Po Shek Wu Estate

Po Shek Wu Estate (Chinese: 寶石湖邨) is a public housing estate located at the junction of Po Shek Wu Road and Choi Yuen Road in Sheung Shui, New Territories, Hong Kong near MTR Sheung Shui station. It comprises three residential blocks of 25, 29 and 33 storeys on a 3-storeyed carpark podium including one semi-basement storey for car park at a total number of 1,144 units completed in 2019. In addition, there is an ancillary facility block including socket-H pile foundation, superstructure and E&M services, one kindergarten, ground floor retail facilities and roof garden site formation and slope upgrading works.

## Houses

| Name | Chinese name | Building type | Completed |
| Shan Wu House | 珊瑚樓 | Non-standard | 2019 |
| Tsz Jing House | 紫晶樓 | Non-standard | 2019 |
| Bik Yuk House | 碧玉樓 | Non-standard | 2019 |

## Politics

Po Shek Wu Estate is located in Shek Wu Hui constituency of the North District Council. It was formerly represented by Lam Cheuk-ting, who was elected in the 2019 elections until March 2021.
# Cakewalk (album)

Cakewalk is an album by the American musical duo House of Freaks, released in 1991. It was the duo's first album for a major label.
"Rocking Chair" peaked at No. 11 on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks chart. The album was a commercial disappointment.

## Production

The album was produced by Dennis Herring. The duo brought in Bob Rupe, of the Silos, to play bass; Mark Linkous also contributed to the recording. Johnny Hott sang his first lead vocal on "My House".
The former Long Ryders guitar player Stephen McCarthy joined the band for the tour in support of the album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Chicago Tribune | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| Entertainment Weekly | B+ |
The Indianapolis Star wrote that "Bryan Harvey's guitar glides while Johnny Hott seems to have just found his drums in the garage, infusing hyperactive beats and even pounding on garbage can lids." Trouser Press determined that "the diverse, often busy (but occasionally spare, as in the offhand acoustics of 'Magpie Wing') arrangements could have dandified even plain material, but the pair’s writing, notwithstanding a lyrical shift to more personal reflections, is right on track." Entertainment Weekly called Cakewalk a "strikingly nuanced, pristinely produced" album.
The Washington Post thought that "the lyrics still have a Southern gothic quality, but they've lost their literary density and better resemble the country and blues sources Harvey draws on." The Milwaukee Sentinel deemed the album "lively and occasionally even rowdy, but it's also a mature piece of work that draws gently on the roots of everyday life in a Southern town." The Chicago Tribune concluded that "an off-handed charm pervades Cakewalk, which has a similar feel to Paul McCartney's first solo album but skirts overbearing preciousness."
The Calgary Herald included Cakewalk on its list of the 20 best albums of 1991; The Morning Call considered it one of the year's 16 best, while the Milwaukee Sentinel considered it one of the 10 best.
AllMusic wrote that "the charming, Jules Shear-like 'Honor Among Lovers' and the Waitsian drinking song 'Remember Me Well' stand out."
# Sand River (Stony River tributary)

The Sand River is a river of Minnesota, United States. It is a tributary of the Stony River.
# Pneumoparotitis

Pneumoparotitis (also termed pneumosialadenitis wind parotitis, surgical mumps, or anaesthesia mumps), is a rare cause of parotid gland swelling which occurs when air is forced through the parotid (Stensen) duct resulting in inflation of the duct.

## Signs and symptoms

The size of the swelling is variable, but it is soft and can occur on one side or both sides. It is typically non tender, although sometimes there may be pain. It usually resolves over minutes to hours, however occasionally this may take days. The condition can be transient or recurrent.

## Causes

The condition is caused by raised air pressure in the mouth.

## Diagnosis and management

Pneumoparotitis is often misdiagnosed and incorrectly managed. The diagnosis is based mainly on the history. Crepitus may be elicited on palpation of the parotid swelling, and massaging the gland may give rise to frothy saliva or air bubbles from the parotid papilla. Further investigations are not typically required, however sialography, ultrasound and computed tomography may all show air in the parotid gland and duct.
Management is simply by avoidance of the activity causing raised intraoral pressure which is triggering this rare condition.

## Prognosis

Recurrent pneumoparotitis may predispose to sialectasis, recurrent parotitis, and subcutaneous emphysema of the face and neck, and mediastinum, and potentially pneumothorax.

## Epidemiology

The condition is rare. It is more likely to occur in persons who regularly have raised pressure in the mouth, for example wind instrument players, and balloon and glass-blowers. Cases have also been reported with bicycle tyre inflation, whistling, nose blowing, cough and valsalva manoeuvre to clear the ears. It can be an iatrogenic effect of dental treatment, spirometry, and positive pressure ventilation. Apart from these factors, the condition mainly occurs in adolescents, often self-inflicted due to psychological issues.
# Shangqing, Jiangxi

Shangqing (Chinese: 上清; pinyin: Shàngqīng) is a town under the county-level city of Guixi, in the municipal region of Yingtan, Jiangxi. As of 2018, it has 10 villages under its administration.
It is a small stop on a major railroad - the Fuzhou branch line from the Yingtan junction on the Nanchang—Shanghai line. Most visitors will be touring the nearby Mount Longhu, a Daoist holy mountain.

## Cultural interest

Shangqing features Han dynasty temples associated with Zhang Daoling, a founder of Daoism. The town is mentioned in the beginning of the classic Yuan dynasty novel Water Margin.