OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ethyl caffeate

Ethyl caffeate is an ester of a hydroxycinnamic acid, a naturally occurring organic compound.

## Natural occurrences

It can be found in Bidens pilosa, in Polygonum amplexicaule var. sinense.
It is also found in Huáng bǎi, one of the fifty fundamental herbs of traditional Chinese medicine, also known also as Cortex Phellodendri, the bark of one of two species of Phellodendron tree: Phellodendron amurense or Phellodendron chinense.
It is also found in wines such as Verdicchio, a white wine from Marche, Italy.

## Health effects

Ethyl caffeate suppresses NF-kappaB activation and its downstream inflammatory mediators, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in vitro or in mouse skin.
Ethyl caffeate administered intraperitoneally in rats previously is able to prevent the dimethylnitrosamine-induced loss in body and liver weight, as well as to reduce the degree of liver injury. It can be considered as a promising natural compound for future application in chronic liver disease.
Pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies also indicate that ethyl caffeate is a potential inhibitor of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of aldosterone, which plays a significant role for the regulation of blood pressure.

## Chemistry

Ethyl caffeate reacts with methylamine to produce green pigments.
# Esme Lewis

Esme Lewis, sometimes written as Esmé Lewis, was a Welsh singer. She was a member of the BBC Welsh Singers, and was regularly seen on the television program Gwlad y Gân from 1958 to 1964.

## Early life and education

Lewis was born in Caerau, Maesteg. She was performing music from early childhood. She won a Glamorgan Vocal Scholarship to further her musical studies, and graduated from University College, Cardiff, with honours.

## Career

Lewis won her first prize for singing as a three-year-old, and was first heard on BBC at the age of 8. She won a gold medal at the National Eisteddfod, for a duet with Aldwyn Humphreys. She was a soprano singer, and played guitar, harp and lute, while performing traditional and popular songs in both Welsh and English. She performed at the Royal Albert Hall and the Royal Festival Hall. She was a frequent singer on the ITV program Gwlad y Gân from 1958 to 1964. In 1961, she presented an episode of Sprigyn o Rosmari, a BBC television series about Welsh folk music. In 1976, she appeared on The Folk Club, on BBC Wales. "I spend so much time entertaining other people that I hardly ever have time to get entertained myself," she told an interviewer in 1959.
Lewis toured with other British and Irish folk musicians in Australia and New Zealand in 1966. In the 1970s she was a senior lecturer at Cardiff College of Education, and toured in the United States as a soloist with a Welsh men's choir. She also composed songs and produced records.

## Recordings

* Welsh Folk Songs with Guitar (1952, with Grace G. Davies)
* Folk Songs in Welsh (1965)
* Twelve Days of Christmas (1965, with Patrick Shuldham-Shaw)
* Oats And Beans And Barley (1966, with Patrick Shuldham-Shaw and a children's choir)
* Alawon Gwerin Cymru (1966)
* Songs of Wales (1969, with the Band of the Welsh Guards)

## Personal life

Lewis married scholar Iwan James Morgan [cy], who died in 1966. Her second husband was Dr. John Bradley Jones.
# Eucalyptus phoenix

Eucalyptus phoenix, commonly known as brumby mallee-gum, is a species of mallee that is endemic to a restricted area in Victoria, Australia. It has smooth white to greyish bark, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between five and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus phoenix is a mallee that typically grows to a height of 5 m (16 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth white to light grey bark that is shed in thin strips and plates. Young plants and coppice regrowth have dull, light green to bluish leaves that are slightly paler on the lower side, egg-shaped to more or less round, 50–80 mm (2.0–3.1 in) long and 15–40 mm (0.59–1.57 in) wide. Adult leaves are the same shade of shiny green on both sides, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, 80–100 mm (3.1–3.9 in) long and 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) wide on a petiole 10–17 mm (0.39–0.67 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of between five and eleven on a thin, unbranched peduncle 8–14 mm (0.31–0.55 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long. Mature buds are club-shaped, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide with a conical operculum 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide. Flowering occurs from late spring to early summer the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody, hemispherical capsule about 8 mm (0.31 in) long and wide with the valves level with the rim.

## Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus phoenix was first formally described in 2013 by Kevin Rule and Susan G. Forrester in the journal Muelleria from material collected near Brumby Point. The specific epithet (phoenix) "commemorates the serendipitous discovery of a small amount of the seed of this rare new plant following the apparently all-consuming fire of 2013." Like the fabled Phoenix of Greek mythology, this species arose from the flames.

## Distribution

Brumby mallee is only known from a population of fewer than 100 mature plants near Brumby Point on a spur in subalpine woodland at an altitude of about 1,360 m (4,460 ft).

## Conservation status

This species is listed as "endangered" in Victoria.
# Eubranchus inabai

Eubranchus inabai is a species of sea slug or nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Eubranchidae.

## Distribution

This species was described from Mukaishima, Seto Inland Sea, Japan. It has been reported from Hong Kong and Tuncurry, New South Wales, Eastern Australia.
# Etomami River

Etomami River is a river in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The river originates in the Porcupine Hills and flows northward towards the town of Hudson Bay and into the Red Deer River. "Etomami" is a First Nations word that means "a place that three rivers join". It is in reference to the spot along the Red Deer River where the mouths of the Etomami and Fir Rivers meet the Red Deer River.

## Description

The river's source is at the north end of the bifurcating Etomami Lake in the RM of Preeceville No. 334 and flows northward through a deep-cut valley into the RM of Hudson Bay No. 394 following the Canadian National Railway and Highway 9. The south end of the lake is the source of the Lilian River, which flows south into the Assiniboine River. In 1691, Hudson's Bay Company fur trader and explorer Henry Kelsey traversed the length of the Etomami River while in search of a route to the aspen parkland region. Following a trail known to be used by the local Indigenous peoples, at Etomami Lake, he crossed over to the Lilian River system. Etomami River's mouth is located on the Red Deer River on the south side of the town of Hudson Bay in the Hudson Bay Regional Park. The regional park itself is the site of an historical North West Company fur trading fort called Fort Red Deer River.
Upstream from the park along the river and Highway 9 is Dagg Creek Recreation Site, The site has campsites, picnicking, and access to the river.

## Tributaries

As the Etomami River flows northward, it is joined by several other rivers and creeks.
Etomami River mainstem
* Piwei River
** Big Valley Creek
* Shand Creek
** McKillop Creek
** Bowman Creek
** McNab Creek
* Pepaw River
* Boundary Creek
** Bubbling Creek
* Loiselle Creek
# 1948 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship

The 1948 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was the high point of the 1948 season in Camogie. The championship was won by Dublin, who defeated Down by a 23-point margin in the final. It marked the return of Dublin to the roll of honour after an eight-year hiatus when it was separated from the rest of the camogie playing community, as the CIÉ club, which could call on the two greatest players of the era Kathleen Cody and Kathleen Mills, chose to affiliate to Central Council and their one-club selection won the All-Ireland championship.

## Structure

Reigning champions Antrim were favourites to meet Dublin in the All Ireland final. Instead Down shocked Derry 4–5 to 1–0 at Kilclief.

## Final

The All-Ireland final between Dublin and Down was played on a Saturday for the first time.

### Final stages

| Dublin | Down |
Dublin: :
| GK | 1 | Rita Manifold (CIÉ) |
| FB | 2 | Mamie O'Meara (CIÉ) |
| RWB | 3 | Catherine Bowler (CIÉ) |
| CB | 4 | May Fitzpatrick (CIÉ) |
| LWB | 5 | Carmel Nulty (CIÉ) |
| MF | 6 | Jean Hannon (CIÉ) (0–1) |
| MF | 7 | Kathleen Cody (CIÉ) (3–1) |
| MF | 8 | Kathleen Mills (CIÉ) (0–1) |
| RWF | 9 | Brenda Neville (CIÉ) (2–0) |
| CF | 10 | Joan Cosgrave (CIÉ) (3–0) |
| LWF | 11 | May Neville (CIÉ) |
| FF | 12 | Sophie Brack (CIÉ) (3–1) |
Down: :
| GK | 1 | Bernie Kelly |
| FB | 2 | Anna Kerr |
| RWB | 3 | Rosaleen Denvir |
| CB | 4 | Peg Dooey (2–2) |
| LWB | 5 | Kathleen Mallon |
| MF | 6 | Jean McGrath |
| MF | 7 | Sheila Keary (1–0) |
| MF | 8 | Anna Hollywood |
| RWF | 9 | Una Kelly |
| CF | 10 | Mary Fay (1–0) |
| LWF | 11 | Betty Curran |
| FF | 12 | Angela Denvir |

#### Match Rules

* 50 minutes
* Replay if scores level
* Maximum of 3 substitutions
# Theonoe of Mycenae

In Greek mythology, Theonoe (Ancient Greek: Θεονόη) was the Mycenaean daughter of the prophet Thestor and possibly Polymele, sister to Theoclymenus, Calchas, Leucippe. Her name means "divine wisdom" coming from theós 'god' and nóos or noûs 'mind'.

## Mythology

When Theonoe was playing outside, she was kidnapped by pirates who took her to Caria on their ship, where King Icarus bought her for a concubine. Thestor, however, went in search of his lost daughter, and as a result of shipwreck, came to the land of Caria, and was seized and beaten in chains at the place where Theonoe was staying.
Years later, Leucippe who lost her father and sister, asked Delphi whether she should search for them. Then Apollo replied: "Go throughout the earth as my priest, and you will find them". Leucippe, on hearing this response, cut her hair and disguised herself as a youthful priest, she went from country to country to find them. When she had come to Caria, Theonoe saw her, and thinking she was a priest, fell in love with 'him', and bade 'him' be brought to her bedroom so that she could lie with 'him'. But Leucippe revealing herself to be a woman, said it could not be done. Then Theonoe in anger gave orders that the priest be locked in a room and that someone from the servants' quarters come to kill him.
The old man Thestor was sent unknowingly to his daughter to perform the task. Because so many years had passed, the two did not recognize each other and Theonoe gave her father a sword, setting him out to kill the priest. When he had entered, with the sword in hand, he told Leucippe that his name was Thestor who had lost his two daughters (Leucippe and Theonoe) and had come to this pitch of misfortune that he had been ordered to commit a crime.
When he had turned the weapon and was about to commit suicide, Leucippe, hearing her father's name, wrested the sword from him. In order to go and kill the queen, she called on her father Thestor to aid her. When the two arrive at Theonoe, hearing her father's name, gave proof that she was his daughter. Then Icarus the king, after this recognition, sent them back into their country with gifts.
# Normalized frequency (signal processing)

In digital signal processing (DSP), a normalized frequency is a ratio of a variable frequency ($f$) and a constant frequency associated with a system (such as a sampling rate, $f_{s}$). Some software applications require normalized inputs and produce normalized outputs, which can be re-scaled to physical units when necessary. Mathematical derivations are usually done in normalized units, relevant to a wide range of applications.

## Examples of normalization

A typical choice of characteristic frequency is the sampling rate ($f_{s}$) that is used to create the digital signal from a continuous one. The normalized quantity, $f'={\tfrac {f}{f_{s}}},$ has the unit cycle per sample regardless of whether the original signal is a function of time or distance. For example, when $f$ is expressed in Hz (cycles per second), $f_{s}$ is expressed in samples per second.
Some programs (such as MATLAB toolboxes) that design filters with real-valued coefficients prefer the Nyquist frequency $(f_{s}/2)$ as the frequency reference, which changes the numeric range that represents frequencies of interest from $\left[0,{\tfrac {1}{2}}\right]$ cycle/sample to $[0,1]$ half-cycle/sample. Therefore, the normalized frequency unit is important when converting normalized results into physical units.
A common practice is to sample the frequency spectrum of the sampled data at frequency intervals of ${\tfrac {f_{s}}{N}},$ for some arbitrary integer $N$ (see § Sampling the DTFT). The samples (sometimes called frequency bins) are numbered consecutively, corresponding to a frequency normalization by ${\tfrac {f_{s}}{N}}.$$^{:p.56eq.(16)}$ The normalized Nyquist frequency is ${\tfrac {N}{2}}$ with the unit ⁠1/N⁠th cycle/sample.
Angular frequency, denoted by $\omega$ and with the unit radians per second, can be similarly normalized. When $\omega$ is normalized with reference to the sampling rate as $\omega '={\tfrac {\omega }{f_{s}}},$ the normalized Nyquist angular frequency is π radians/sample.
The following table shows examples of normalized frequency for $f=1$ kHz, $f_{s}=44100$ samples/second (often denoted by 44.1 kHz), and 4 normalization conventions:
| Quantity | Numeric range | Calculation | Reverse |
| $f'={\tfrac {f}{f_{s}}}$ | [0, ⁠1/2⁠] cycle/sample | 1000 / 44100 = 0.02268 | $f=f'\cdot f_{s}$ |
| $f'={\tfrac {f}{f_{s}/2}}$ | [0, 1] half-cycle/sample | 1000 / 22050 = 0.04535 | $f=f'\cdot {\tfrac {f_{s}}{2}}$ |
| $f'={\tfrac {f}{f_{s}/N}}$ | [0, ⁠N/2⁠] bins | 1000 × N / 44100 = 0.02268 N | $f=f'\cdot {\tfrac {f_{s}}{N}}$ |
| $\omega '={\tfrac {\omega }{f_{s}}}$ | [0, π] radians/sample | 1000 × 2π / 44100 = 0.14250 | $\omega =\omega '\cdot f_{s}$ |
# H3 Productions

H3 Productions may refer to:
* the production company of Haarsh Limbachiyaa
* h3h3Productions, the production company of Ethan and Hila Klein
# 1987–88 ice hockey Bundesliga season

The 1987–88 Ice hockey Bundesliga season was the 30th season of the Ice hockey Bundesliga, the top level of ice hockey in Germany. 10 teams participated in the league, and Kolner EC won the championship.

## First round

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | SB Rosenheim | 32 | 22 | 3 | 7 | 118:76 | 47:17 |
| 2. | Kölner EC (M) | 32 | 18 | 6 | 8 | 167:98 | 42:22 |
| 3. | Mannheimer ERC | 32 | 17 | 7 | 8 | 127:100 | 41:23 |
| 4. | EV Landshut | 32 | 15 | 6 | 11 | 129:129 | 36:28 |
| 5. | Düsseldorfer EG | 32 | 13 | 9 | 10 | 146:128 | 35:29 |
| 6. | ESV Kaufbeuren | 32 | 13 | 2 | 17 | 126:149 | 28:36 |
| 7. | Eintracht Frankfurt | 32 | 12 | 4 | 16 | 135:149 | 28:36 |
| 8. | Schwenninger ERC | 32 | 9 | 4 | 19 | 100:145 | 22:42 |
| 9. | BSC Preussen (N) | 32 | 3 | 3 | 26 | 90:164 | 9:55 |
| 10. | ECD Iserlohn | Did not play | Did not play | Did not play | Did not play | Did not play | Did not play |

## Relegation round

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | GF–GA | Pts |
| 1. | BSC Preussen | 18 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 107:48 | 33:3 |
| 2. | EHC Freiburg | 18 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 92:38 | 30:6 |
| 3. | Krefelder EV | 18 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 90:81 | 22:14 |
| 4. | SV Bayreuth | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 75:67 | 20:16 |
| 5. | EC Hedos München | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 94:84 | 20:16 |
| 6. | EC Kassel | 18 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 104:98 | 19:17 |
| 7. | EHC Essen-West | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 66:84 | 16:20 |
| 8. | EC Bad Nauheim | 18 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 78:82 | 13:23 |
| 9. | EC Ratingen | 18 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 67:115 | 4:32 |
| 10. | EV Füssen | 18 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 64:140 | 3:33 |

## Playoffs
### Quarterfinals

| | | | Seriess | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| SB Rosenheim | – | Schwenninger ERC | 3:2 | 3:0 | 4:5 OT | 4:5 | 3:1 | 4:0 |
| Kölner EC | – | Eintracht Frankfurt | 3:0 | 7:2 | 5:4 | 9:4 | – | – |
| Mannheimer ERC | – | ESV Kaufbeuren | 3:0 | 3:2 OT | 3:0 | 4:2 | – | – |
| EV Landshut | – | Düsseldorfer EG | 1:3 | 4:2 | 2:5 | 4:5 | 1:9 | – |

### Semifinals

| | | | Series | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| SB Rosenheim | – | Düsseldorfer EG | 3:1 | 3:1 | 2:4 | 7:2 | 3:1 | – |
| Kölner EC | – | Mannheimer ERC | 3:0 | 3:2 | 4:2 | 6:2 | – | – |

### 3rd place

| | | | Series | 1 | 2 |
| Düsseldorfer EG | – | Mannheimer ERC | 12:13 | 3:3 | 9:10 |

### Final

| | | | Series | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| SB Rosenheim | – | Kölner EC | 2:3 | 2:1 | 2:5 | 6:0 | 2:4 | 1:4 |
# Gondwanasuchus

Gondwanasuchus is an extinct genus of baurusuchid crocodyliforms from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of Brazil. The type species is Gondwanasuchus scabrosus.
# Henry Barbour (MP for Melcombe Regis)

Henry Barbour (fl. 1414), of Melcombe Regis, Dorset, was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Melcombe Regis in April 1414.
# Aphnaeus hutchinsonii

Aphnaeus hutchinsonii, the Hutchinson's silver spot or Hutchinson's high-flier, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, Botswana, Mozambique, from Zimbabwe through eastern Africa to Somalia. In South Africa it is found from northern KwaZulu-Natal to Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Limpopo.
The wingspan is 29.5–33 mm (1.16–1.30 in) for males and 32–43 mm (1.3–1.7 in) for females. Adults are on wing from September to January with a peak from October to November. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Acacia robusta, Burkea africana, Loranthus and Viscum species. The larvae are attended by ants.
# American Digger

American Digger may refer to:
* American Digger (magazine), a bimonthly magazine about the hobby of recovering historical artifacts
* American Digger (TV series), an American reality television series
# American Division

American Division may refer to:
* American Division (NHL), a former division of the National Hockey League
* South Division (CFL), a former American-only division of the Canadian Football League
# Amillarus apicalis

Amillarus apicalis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1861.
# Amilly

Amilly is the name of the following communes in France:
* Amilly, Eure-et-Loir, in the Eure-et-Loir department
* Amilly, Loiret, in the Loiret department
# Zenobius Membre

Zenobius Membré, O.M.R. (1645 – c.1687), was a French Franciscan Recollect friar and missionary in North America.

## Life

Membré was born at Bapaume, then in the ancient Province of Artois, and entered the local friary of the Franciscan Recollect Province of St. Anthony. He arrived in Canada in 1675, and in 1679 he accompanied Robert de La Salle to the country of the Illinois, of which he wrote a description. His missionary work there had little success.
In 1681 Membré descended the Mississippi River with La Salle to the Gulf of Mexico, returned with the leader of the expedition to Europe by way of Canada. There he became Guardian of the Franciscan friary in his native city.
Membré returned to American and in 1684, along with two other Franciscans and three Sulpicians, sailed with La Salle, intending to found a colony at the mouth of the Mississippi River, but inaccurate maps and navigational errors caused them to anchor 400 miles (644 km) west, off the coast of Texas near Matagorda Bay. La Salle erected Fort St. Louis, a 50-mile (80 km) overland trek from Matagorda Bay in 1685, near what is now Inez, Texas. Membre endeavored to establish a mission among the Cenis nation (Hasinai). In this he failed.
After about two years Membre was killed, along with Father Maximus Le Cerq, Father Chefdeville, and the small garrison which La Salle had left at the settlement.
# Zenobiellina

Zenobiellina is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Hygromiinae of the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.
Species in this genus of snail create and use love darts as part of their mating behavior.

## Species

Species within the genus Zenobiellina include:
* Zenobiellina graminicola Holyoak, D. T. & Holyoak, G. A., 2018
* Zenobiellina subrufescens (J. S. Miller, 1822)
# Zhang Jiabao

Zhang Jiabao (Chinese: 张佳宝; born September 1957) is a Chinese soil scientist who is a researcher at the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is also a professor and doctoral supervisor at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

## Biography

Zhang was born in Gaoyou, Jiangsu, in September 1957. He attended Nanjing Agricultural University where he received his bachelor's degree in 1982. After completing his master's degree at the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, he attended the University of the Philippines where he obtained his doctor's degree in soil physics in 1990.

## Honours and awards

* November 22, 2019 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
# Knowledge-based theory of the firm

The knowledge-based theory of the firm, or knowledge-based view (KBV), considers knowledge as an essentially important, scarce, and valuable resource in a firm. According to the knowledge-based theory of the firm, the possession of knowledge-based resources, known as intellectual capital, is essential in dynamic business environments. These resources contribute to lower costs, foster innovation and creativity, improve efficiencies, and deliver customer benefits. Collectively, they are considered key drivers of overall organizational performance. The proponents of the theory argue, that because knowledge-based resources are usually complex and difficult to imitate, different sources of knowledge and intellectual capital can be seen as the main sources for a sustainable competitive advantage.
This knowledge is embedded and carried through multiple entities including organizational culture and identity, policies, routines, documents, systems, and employees. Originating from the strategic management literature, this perspective builds upon and extends the resource-based view of the firm (RBV) initially promoted by Penrose (1959) and later expanded by others (Wernerfelt 1984, Barney 1991, Conner 1991).
Although the resource-based view of the firm recognizes the important role of knowledge in firms that achieve a competitive advantage, proponents of the knowledge-based view argue that the resource-based perspective does not go far enough. Specifically, the RBV treats knowledge as a generic resource, rather than having special characteristics. It therefore does not distinguish between different types of knowledge-based capabilities. Information technologies can play an important role in the knowledge-based view of the firm in that information systems can be used to synthesize, enhance, and expedite large-scale intra- and inter-firm knowledge management.
Whether or not the Knowledge-based theory of the firm actually constitutes a theory has been the subject of considerable debate. According to one notable proponent of the knowledge-based view of the firm (KBV), "The emerging knowledge-based view of the firm is not a theory of the firm in any formal sense". The research on the knowledge-based view of the firm is a sub-discourse on resources and capabilities, which is part of the broader research on strategy