OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Crosby De Wolf

Richard Crosby De Wolf (1875–1947) was acting Register of Copyrights from 1944 to 1945 and one of the first United States copyright law scholars to suggest a completely disjunctive reading of the Copyright Clause.
De Wolf was born in Des Moines, Iowa in 1875. He attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology for two years before joining the U.S. Marines in 1899 and fighting in the Spanish–American War. He first started working for the United States Copyright Office in 1907. In 1913 he received his L.L.B. from George Washington University Law School, eventually leaving the Copyright Office in 1918 to practice law privately.
De Wolf worked for the Copyright Office on and off for the next several decades until being appointed acting Register of Copyrights on January 1, 1945, to replace Clement Lincoln Bouvé. He served in that capacity until February 1, 1945, when Sam Bass Warner was appointed the fourth Register of Copyrights. De Wolf died on March 8, 1947, and is buried in St. Augustine, Florida.
Richard Crosby De Wolf is noted for being one of the earliest teachers of copyright law as a separate subject in the United States.
De Wolf is also noted as one of the earliest scholars to suggest a completely disjunctive reading of the Copyright Clause. The Clause, which gives Congress the power to grant both copyrights and patents, states
   The Congress shall have Power ... To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.
De Wolf wrote in his book "An Outline of Copyright Law" that one could resolve this statement disjunctively, illustrating the separate grants of authority for copyrights and patents, so that it states "(1) The progress of science is to be promoted by securing to authors the right to their writings; and (2) the progress of useful arts is to be promoted by securing to inventors the right to their discoveries." The Supreme Court endorsed this view in 1966 in Graham v. John Deere Co., citing "An Outline of Copyright Law."
# Saint-Witz

Saint-Witz (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.

## Geography
### Climate

Saint-Witz has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Saint-Witz is 11.9 °C (53.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 676.8 mm (26.65 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 20.0 °C (68.0 °F), and lowest in January, at around 4.0 °C (39.2 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Saint-Witz was 41.4 °C (106.5 °F) on 25 July 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −12.3 °C (9.9 °F) on 7 January 2009.
Climate data for Saint-Witz (1991−2020 normals, extremes 2008−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.1 (57.4) | 19.6 (67.3) | 24.2 (75.6) | 28.7 (83.7) | 30.8 (87.4) | 36.0 (96.8) | 41.4 (106.5) | 37.5 (99.5) | 34.3 (93.7) | 28.3 (82.9) | 20.5 (68.9) | 15.7 (60.3) | 41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) | 7.9 (46.2) | 11.9 (53.4) | 16.4 (61.5) | 19.2 (66.6) | 22.5 (72.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 25.0 (77.0) | 21.2 (70.2) | 16.1 (61.0) | 10.7 (51.3) | 7.4 (45.3) | 15.8 (60.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) | 5.0 (41.0) | 7.9 (46.2) | 11.5 (52.7) | 14.4 (57.9) | 17.7 (63.9) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 16.5 (61.7) | 12.6 (54.7) | 8.2 (46.8) | 5.1 (41.2) | 11.9 (53.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) | 2.0 (35.6) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 9.6 (49.3) | 12.8 (55.0) | 14.7 (58.5) | 14.6 (58.3) | 11.8 (53.2) | 9.1 (48.4) | 5.6 (42.1) | 2.8 (37.0) | 8.0 (46.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −12.3 (9.9) | −10.4 (13.3) | −8.4 (16.9) | −2.5 (27.5) | 1.5 (34.7) | 6.5 (43.7) | 7.8 (46.0) | 8.2 (46.8) | 3.5 (38.3) | −0.7 (30.7) | −5.1 (22.8) | −7.4 (18.7) | −12.3 (9.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 54.4 (2.14) | 47.7 (1.88) | 45.0 (1.77) | 37.4 (1.47) | 72.2 (2.84) | 64.9 (2.56) | 58.1 (2.29) | 59.3 (2.33) | 47.4 (1.87) | 56.8 (2.24) | 61.0 (2.40) | 72.6 (2.86) | 676.8 (26.65) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.3 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 7.2 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 12.8 | 114.0 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||

## Education

Public secondary schools:
* Collège Françoise Dolto, a public junior high school serving Saint-Witz, is in Marly-la-Ville.
* Saint-Witz has one public senior high school: Lycée Léonard de Vinci.
Collège Institut Paul Ricoeur/Lycée Institut Paul RICOEUR is in nearby Louvres.
Institut Saint-Dominique, a private Catholic preschool through senior high, is in nearby Mortefontaine, Oise.
# Restricted area

Restricted area may refer to:
* An area that only authorized people can enter; see also exclusion zone
* Restricted area, a zone within the key of a basketball court
* A departure area after the customs counters in most airports
# Ornithogalum gabrielianiae

Ornithogalum gabrielianiae, commonly known as the Gabrielyan's starflowers, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. It is endemic to Armenia.
It is classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

## Distribution

It is found in Armenia.

## Taxonomy

It was described by Natalija Agapova, in Willdenowia 27: 199. in 1997.
# Hampshire Downs

51°08′N 1°14′W﻿ / ﻿51.14°N 1.24°W﻿ / 51.14; -1.24
The Hampshire Downs form a large area of downland in central southern England, mainly in the county of Hampshire but with parts in Berkshire and Wiltshire. They are part of a belt of chalk downland that extends from the South Downs in the southeast, north to the Berkshire and Marlborough Downs, and west to the Dorset Downs.
The downs have been designated a National Character Area (NCA 130) by Natural England, the UK Government's advisor on the natural environment. To the north lie the Thames Basin Heaths, to the east the Low Weald (Western Weald), to the south the South Hampshire Lowlands and the South Downs, and, to the west, Salisbury Plain and the West Wiltshire Downs.
The northern boundary of the Hampshire Downs follows a line from just north of Walbury Hill in Berkshire to Basingstoke and Farnham, forming a ridge and dramatic escarpment which rises to over 290 metres, overlooking the Thames Basin. In the east the boundary runs from Farnham to Alton, then swings southwards to Petersfield, forming an escarpment at the western edge of the Weald, including an area known as the East Hampshire Hangers. In the south the boundary runs westwards to Winchester, south to Twyford and Otterbourne, then west-northwest to Michelmersh; and in the west from Michelmersh through the Wallops to Ludgershall in Wiltshire, and back to Walbury Hill.
The main rivers of the Hampshire Downs are the Test and River Itchen. The main settlements in the area are Andover, Alton, Basingstoke and Winchester.
20% of the area (the North Hampshire Downs) falls within the North Wessex Downs AONB, and around 6% within the South Downs National Park.

## Highest hills

Walbury Hill is the highest point on the Hampshire Downs, but lies in the county of Berkshire. Pilot Hill is the highest point on Hampshire's section of the Downs and Hampshire's county top. Prominent hills in the Hampshire Downs include:
* Walbury Hill (297 m)
* Combe Hill (293 m)
* Inkpen Hill (289 m)
* Pilot Hill (286 m)
* Sidown Hill (266 m)
* Beacon Hill (261 m)
* Wheatham Hill (249 m)
* Watership Down (237 m)
* Ladle Hill (232 m)
* Holybourne Hill (225 m)
* Red Hill (221 m)
* Goleigh Hill (220 m)
* King's Hill (218 m)
* Noar Hill (214 m)
* Selborne Hill (211 m)
* Farleigh Hill (208 m)
* Farley Mount (178 m)
* St. Catherine's Hill (97 m)
# Hippocalcin-like protein 4

Hippocalcin like 4, also known as HPCAL4, is a human gene.

## Function

The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to human hippocalcin protein and hippocalcin like-1 protein. It also has similarity to rat neural visinin-like Ca2+-binding protein-type 1 and 2 proteins. It is a member of the neuronal calcium sensor family. This encoded protein may be involved in the calcium-dependent regulation of rhodopsin phosphorylation. The transcript of this gene has multiple polyadenylation sites.
# John Unten

John Clayton Unten (運天ジョン・クレイトン, born March 27, 1992, in Ginowan, Okinawa) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball. He played in one game in 2011.
# Raipur Sagnewal

Raipur Sagnewal is a village in Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of Punjab State, India. It is located 2 km away from Nagar, 49 km from Jalandhar and 117 km from state capital Chandigarh. Raipur Sagnewal has postal head office in Phillaur which is 5.6 km away from the village. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

## Caste

The village has schedule caste (SC) constitutes 49.62% of total population of the village and it doesn't have any Schedule Tribe (ST) population.

## Education

The village has a Punjabi medium, Co-educational primary school (PRI Sanghewal). The school provide mid-day meal as per Indian Midday Meal Scheme and the meal prepared in school premises. The school was founded in 1961.

## Transport
### Rail

Phillaur Junction is the nearest train station however, Bhatian Railway Station is 11 km away from the village.

### Air

The nearest domestic airport is located 37 km away in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh also Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is 143 km away in Amritsar.
# Rajšele

Rajšele (pronounced) is a small settlement in the hills above Banja Loka in the Municipality of Kostel in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Rest Bay

Rest Bay is a bay and beach near Porthcawl on the coast of Bridgend County Borough, Wales.
The long sandy beach is west facing and is popular with surfers, though facilities have been basic. There is a pay and display carpark. A cafe, Malc's, was located nearby.
Plans were approved in August 2017 to create a new watersports hub, which would include a new cafe, public toilets, changing rooms, a function room and a covered area for walkers. Part of the funding for the improvements came from £1.5 million of European Union funding.
Rest Bay is designated a Blue Flag beach based on the cleanliness of the water and the availability of local community educational activities.
# Orderly room sergeant

The orderly room sergeant (ORS), orderly room colour sergeant (ORCS) or orderly room quartermaster sergeant (ORQMS) is the chief clerk of an infantry battalion in the British Army, assisting the adjutant. The appointment of ORS or ORCS is held if the chief clerk holds the rank of colour sergeant and the appointment of ORQMS is held if they hold the rank of warrant officer class 2.
Orderly room (colour) sergeant is the most senior colour sergeant appointment in a battalion. ORQMS is the third most senior WO2 appointment in a battalion after the regimental quartermaster sergeant and the technical quartermaster sergeant.
# Hippoboscoidea

Hippoboscoidea is a superfamily of the Calyptratae. The flies in this superfamily are blood-feeding obligate parasites of their hosts. Four families are often placed here:
* Glossinidae - Tsetse flies
* Hippoboscidae - Ked flies
* Nycteribiidae - Bat flies
* Streblidae - Bat flies
(Note that the Mystacinobiidae, while also a bat fly, belongs to the superfamily Oestroidea).
The Hippoboscidae are commonly called louse flies or ked flies. The bat flies are Nycteribiidae and Streblidae (along with Mystacinobiidae); the Streblidae are probably not monophyletic. The family Glossinidae, monotypic as to genus, contains the tsetse flies, economically important as the vectors of trypanosomiasis. The enigmatic Mormotomyiidae are believed to belong to the Ephydroidea and not to Hippoboscoidea as previously construed.
In older literature, this group is often referred to as the Pupipara ("pupa-bearers"), because, unlike virtually all other insects, most of the larval development takes place inside the mother's body, and pupation occurs almost immediately after "birth" – in essence, instead of laying eggs, a female lays full-sized pupae one at a time. In the strict sense, the Pupipara only encompass the Hippoboscidae, Nycteribiidae, and "Streblidae", which in older works were all included in the Hippoboscidae.

## Development

Species of the Hippoboscoidea do not lay eggs. Instead, the larvae hatch in utero, are fed internally by "milk glands," and pass through three morphological stages before being deposited to pupate. This type of reproduction is termed as adenotrophic viviparity.
# Bust of Alberto Santos-Dumont

An outdoor bust of Alberto Santos-Dumont is installed near the Embassy of Brazil, at the corner of 22nd and R Street NW, in the Kalorama Heights neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States.
The bust is made out of bronze.
# Pindus (mythology)

Pindus (Ancient Greek: Πίνδος), in Greek mythology, was the son of Makednos. He was friend with a snake and when his three brothers killed Pindus, the snake took revenge by killing them.
# Sakura-tai Chiru

Sakura-tai Chiru (さくら隊散る, lit. "The cherry blossom team scattered") is a 1988 Japanese documentary film and docudrama written and directed by Kaneto Shindō. Based on a nonfictional story by Hagie Ezu, it depicts the fate of the Sakura ("cherry blossom") theatre troupe, several of whose members were killed in the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.

## Plot

In interviews with 30 associates and friends, and in reenactments of the events, director Shindō recounts the history of the Sakura theatre troupe, formed from remnants of left-leaning troupes that had been forced to disband by the militarist regime, and its end in Hiroshima. While five members died instantly, the survivors of the blast, including the troupe's leader Sadao Maruyama and actresses Keiko Sonoi and Midori Naka, died during the following weeks from their injuries. Only two members, who weren't present in Hiroshima at the time of the bombing, survived.

## Cast
### Interviewees

* Koreya Senda
* Yasue Yamamoto
* Kappei Matsumoto
* Haruko Sugimura
* Seiji Ikeda
* Osamu Takizawa
* Jūkichi Uno
* Kokichi Makimura
* Taiji Tonoyama
* Hagie Ezu
* Eitarō Ozawa

### Reenactment actors

* Masashi Furuta as Sadao Maruyama
* Takako Miki as Keiko Sonoi
* Yasuko Yagami as Midori Naka
* Satoshi Kawashima as Shozo Takayama
* Oikawa Izo as Kokichi Makimura

## Theme

Shindō, who was born in Hiroshima Prefecture, repeatedly attempted to memorialise the bombing of his birthplace and its aftermath in films like Children of Hiroshima (1952), Mother (1963), Sakura-tai Chiru and Teacher and Three Children (2008).

## Release

Sakura-tai Chiru was released in Japanese cinemas on 30 April 1988. It was later released as part of a DVD anthology box dedicated to director Shindō in 2002.
Also in 1988, Shindō published the story of the Sakura troupe in book form along with notes on the film's production.

## Reception

In Kinema Junpo magazine's list of the 10 best Japanese films of the year, Sakura-tai Chiru reached #7 in 1988.
Upon the film's home media release, film historian Donald Richie commented that Shindō created a picture that would have found the interest of Shindō's mentor Kenji Mizoguchi, looking at the disaster "with clear-eyed compassion".
Comparing Sakura-tai Chiru with Shindō's earlier Children of Hiroshima, Lauri Kitsnik saw a "much more realist style" in the bombing montage sequence. At the same time, Shindō's emphasising of artificiality and mixing of styles and art forms point at "the inevitability of staging in cinema and the impossibility of non-fiction".
# Phantom River

The Phantom River is a river of the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows predominantly east from the ben McLeod Range north of Fairlie to reach the Orari River 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of Peel Forest.
# Oropodisma

Oropodisma is a genus of Palaearctic grasshoppers in the tribe Podismini and subtribe Miramellina erected by Boris Uvarov in 1942. Species have a (possibly incomplete) recorded distribution from the Balkans through to the Bosphorus.

## Species

The Orthoptera Species File lists:
* Oropodisma chelmosi Uvarov, 1942
* Oropodisma erymanthosi Willemse, 1971
* Oropodisma karavica La Greca & Messina, 1977
* Oropodisma kyllinii Willemse, 1971
* Oropodisma lagrecai Willemse, 1979
* Oropodisma macedonica Ramme, 1951
* Oropodisma parnassica (Scudder, 1897) - type species (as Podisma parnassica Scudder SH)
* Oropodisma taygetosi Willemse, 1972
* Oropodisma tymphrestosi Willemse, 1972
* Oropodisma willemsei La Greca & Messina, 1977
# M.R. Terry-Lloyd

Rear Admiral Merddyn Ray Terry-Lloyd SSA SM (29 July 1913, Queenstown – 28 October 1978, Pretoria) was a South African naval officer.

## Early life

He attended Queen's College in Queenstown before moving to finish his schooling at St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown. After leaving school in 1930 he went to work at the Netherlands Bank in East London.

## Naval career

He had wanted to join the Royal Navy at the age of 12 as a cadet but his father forbade it. Still intent on joining the Navy he joined the South African Division of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve in 1931. He was commissioned as a Sub Lieutenant in 1934, and promoted to Lieutenant in 1938.
In 1940, he transferred to the Seaward Defence Force, the naval component of the South African Active Citizen Force and attended Anti Submarine courses before being given command of HMSAS Mooivlei. In 1942 he was stationed in the Mediterranean and commanded HMSAS Southern Isles and HMSAS Southern Seas. He was promoted Lieutenant Commander in 1943 and appointed Senior Officer Anti Submarine Flotillas in 1944,$^{:page7}$ followed by a post as Staff Officer in Cape Town and General Staff Officer in Pretoria in 1945.
In 1946, he was appointed to the South African Permanent Force$^{:page8}$ and sent to England on a Staff course followed by a stint as a liaison officer at the South African High Commission. On his arrival in South Africa he was given command of HMSAS Good Hope followed by command of HMSAS Loch Natal in November 1948. He served as Staff Officer in Pretoria from 1950 until January 1954 when he assumed command of HMSAS Simon van der Stel.
In August 1955, he was appointed Officer Commanding of the Naval base at Salisbury Island$^{:page9}$ before being sent to England in 1956 to take command of the frigate HMSAS Vrystaat. On his promotion to Captain he was also appointed as Senior Officer Tenth Frigate Squadron – known as F10.$^{:page10}$
He was then sent to England to oversee the construction of the Type 12 frigates purchased under the Simonstown Agreement, also serving as the first captain of SAS President Kruger (F150). On the ships arrival in Simon's Town in 1963 he was promoted to Commodore.$^{:page24}$
On 1 February 1965 he was appointed to Headquarters as Director Operations, a position he held until 1 July 1966, when he was appointed Chief of Naval Staff in the rank of Rear Admiral$^{:page28}$
His final posting before his retirement in 1973 was as Armed Forces attache at the South African Embassy in London.$^{:page24}$ Shortly before his retirement he was invested with the Star of South Africa
He died on 28 October 1978.$^{:page33}$

## Awards and decorations

* Star of South Africa (1952) (SSA)
* Southern Cross Medal (1952) (SM)
* Union Medal
* 1939–45 Star
* Atlantic Star
* Africa Star
* War Medal 1939–1945
* Africa Service Medal (WWII)
# 2000–01 Bulgarian Hockey League season

The 2000–01 Bulgarian Hockey League season was the 49th season of the Bulgarian Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Bulgaria. Six teams participated in the league, and HK Slavia Sofia won the championship.

## Regular season

| | Club | GP | W | T | L | Goals | Pts |
| 1. | HK Slavia Sofia | 20 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 104:29 | 40 |
| 2. | HK Levski Sofia | 20 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 88:31 | 32 |
| 3. | Akademik Sofia | 20 | 12 | 0 | 8 | 74:52 | 24 |
| 4. | HK Metallurg Pernik | 20 | 6 | 0 | 14 | 50:67 | 12 |
| 5. | Etro 92 Veliko Tarnovo | 20 | 5 | 0 | 15 | 33:107 | 10 |
| 6. | HK CSKA Sofia | 20 | 1 | 0 | 19 | 29:92 | 2 |

## Final

* HK Levski Sofia - HK Slavia Sofia 4:2/3:5 (1:2 SO)
# Alan Thornett

Alan Thornett (born 15 June 1937) is a British Trotskyist.
Alan Thornett began his career as a car worker in Plant Oxford, Cowley, Oxford in 1959. He joined the Communist Party of Great Britain there in 1960 before being recruited with other shop stewards to Gerry Healy's then Socialist Labour League in 1966. However, in 1974 he and most of the Cowley group were expelled - from what had become the Workers Revolutionary Party the previous year - with around 200 other members. Around a hundred of them went on to form the Workers Socialist League (WSL) of which Thornett was a leader. It established an international tendency, the Trotskyist International Liaison Committee, and fused with the International-Communist League in 1981. Political differences emerged in the new organisation with parts of the ex-WSL splitting off before those remaining were expelled in 1984.
Thornett and his comrades regrouped as the Socialist Group and then fused with the International Group to form the International Socialist Group (ISG) in 1987; the ISG dissolved into Socialist Resistance in 2009. Thornett is now a leader of the Fourth International.
Thornett successfully argued for the ISG to exit the Labour Party and join the Socialist Alliance. Later, he supported the Alliance's dissolution in favour of the Respect Coalition. In the 2007 split in Respect, the ISG sided with the Respect Renewal faction around George Galloway against the SWP. Thornett sat on Respect's National Council until Socialist Resistance left Respect in 2010.
Thornett is the author of three volumes of autobiography: From Militancy to Marxism, Inside Cowley and Militant Years, and of Facing the Apocalypse - Arguments for Ecosocialism