OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nicolas Guibert

Nicolas Guibert (c. 1547 – c. 1620) was a Franco-German physician and alchemist who later became a fierce critic of alchemy, opposing ideas on transmutation in his major work Alchymia ratione et experientia ita demum viriliter impugnata (1603) which prompted a debate. He has been called the "Copernicus of chemistry".
Guibert was born in St. Nicolas-de-Port, Lorraine, in a Catholic family. He studied medicine at Perugia and travelled around Europe working briefly at various times in the service of Francesco de’ Medici, Cardinal Granvelle, and Giambattista della Porta. He then practiced medicine at Casteldurante and became a chief physician from 1578 in a papal state. He became alchemist to Otto Truchsess in Augsburg the next year. He however began to find problems in alchemy and motivated by Thomas Erastus, he published Alchymia ratione et experientia ita demum viriliter impugnata et expugnata in 1603. He began the book with the note that alchemy was neither art nor science but deceit (calliditas). He noted that the claim to antiquity did not make for evidence of truth. He started pointing out that many of the foundational works were dubious or fraudulent in their claims of authorship. Some works, he accepted, were by the authors claimed, including those of Arnald of Villanova, Roger Bacon, Agrippa, and Paracelsus and these declared as being heretic on the basis of the Bible. He noted that metals could not be converted from one to the other and declared that the analogy of the conversion of a larva to a butterfly did not hold. Andreas Libavius responded to his critique with Defensio alchymiae transmutatoriae opposita Nicolai Guiberti (1604) defending the changes in plants and animals as a valid analogy. Guibert responded to some of the criticism in De interitu alchymiae (1614).
# 1988–89 Courage Area League North

The 1988–89 Courage Area League North was the second full season of rugby union within the fourth tier of the English league system, currently known as National League 2 North, and was the counterpart to Courage Area League South (currently National League 2 South). By the end of the season Roundhay were crowned league champions, just 1 point ahead of runners up Broughton Park, gaining promotion to the 1989–90 National Division Three.
At the other end of the table Birmingham were easily the weakest team, failing to register a single point as they suffered a second successive relegation, dropping to Midlands 1. It would be Birmingham's final season as a single entity as they would merge with Solihull (themselves relegated the previous campaign) to form Birmingham & Solihull RFC for the 1989–90 season.

## Structure

Each team played one match against each of the other teams, playing a total of ten matches each. The champions are promoted to National Division 3 and the bottom team was relegated to either North 1 or Midlands 1 depending on their locality.

## Participating teams and locations

| Team | Ground | Capacity | City/Area | Previous Season |
| Birmingham | Portway | | Portway, Birmingham, West Midlands | Relegated from National 3 (12th) |
| Broughton Park | Hough End | | Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester | 6th |
| Durham City | Hollow Drift | | Durham, County Durham | Runners up (not promoted) |
| Lichfield | Cooke Fields | | Lichfield, Staffordshire | 8th |
| Morley | Scatcherd Lane | | Morley, West Yorkshire | Relegated from National 3 (11th) |
| Northern | McCracken Park | 1,000 | Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear | 5th |
| Preston Grasshoppers | Lightfoot Green | 5,000 | Preston, Lancashire | 4th |
| Roundhay | Chandos Park | | Roundhay, Leeds West Yorkshire | 3rd |
| Stoke-on-Trent | Hartwell Lane | | Barlaston, Staffordshire | Promoted from Midlands 1 (champions) |
| Stourbridge | Stourton Park | 3,000 | Stourbridge, West Midlands | 7th |
| Winnington Park | Burrows Hill | | Norwich, Cheshire | Promoted from North 1 (champions) |

## League table

1988–89 Courage Area League North table :
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Roundhay (C) | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 235 | 81 | +154 | 17 | Promoted |
| 2 | Broughton Park | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 179 | 92 | +87 | 16 | |
| 3 | Stourbridge | 10 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 118 | 79 | +39 | 12 | |
| 4 | Northern | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 182 | 131 | +51 | 10 | |
| 5 | Winnington Park | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 188 | 155 | +33 | 10 | |
| 6 | Preston Grasshoppers | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 161 | 141 | +20 | 10 | |
| 7 | Durham City | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 172 | 157 | +15 | 10 | |
| 8 | Morley | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 135 | 141 | −6 | 10 | |
| 9 | Lichfield | 10 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 112 | 113 | −1 | 9 | |
| 10 | Stoke-on-Trent | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 88 | 138 | −50 | 6 | |
| 11 | Birmingham (R) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 29 | 371 | −342 | 0 | Relegated |
* 2 pts for a win
* 1 pt for a draw
* 0 pts for a loss

## Sponsorship

Area League North is part of the Courage Clubs Championship and was sponsored by Courage Brewery.
# Kırmızı

Kırmızı (Red) is a Turkish Anatolian heavy metal band founded in Istanbul in 2005 by Idil Çağatay and Aslı Polat. They have been seen to "cultivate an image of female power and strength". On 5 October 2011 they performed on the CNN International show Inside the Middle East.

## Composition

In March 2010 the line-up was reported as İdil Çağatay on vocals, Fulya Akgün on guitar, Aslı Polat on drums, and Başak Gün on bass.

## Music

Their first single, named “Kırmızı” came out in 2010. After they published the music videos of “Veda Etme” and “Kırmızı”, they become more popular.
In 2011 they released Turkey’s first all female band album, Isyan (Rebellion). The first music video of the album was “Çekilin Başımdan”, which was a duet with Hayko Cepkin. The second music video of the album was “Geri”.
In 2012 they made an underwater performance music video for their song “Elveda”, for which İdil Çağatay took scuba diving lessons.
The band was invited to perform at one of Europe's major world music festivals, Festival Mundial in the Netherlands.

## Activism

Kırmızı supported the “100.000 SMS Against Violence” campaign of “Fight against Domestic Violence” platform by dedicating a song named “Araf” to all violated women in Turkey.
# Kırmatepe, Çermik

Kırmatepe is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çermik, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 338 (2022).
# Nindo Shaher

Nindo Shaher is a Union Council located in Badin Taluka, District Badin, Pakistan. Badin Taluka is an administrative subdivision of Badin District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is administratively subdivided into 12 Union Councils, three of which form the district capital Badin. Its history dates back to the period of Sama dynasty of Sindh. Towns in Nindo Shaher are Siyalki, Gujjo, Panhwerki, Dasti, Khakhar, Khalso, Murkha, Angri, Bhumbki.

## Labor/Business

There are 6 main Rice Mills in Nindo Shaher that are Qazi Rice Mills, Jafferi Rice Mills, Ahmed Rice Mills, Khaskheli Rice Mill, Hyderi Rice Mills, Memon Rice Mills. There are also 15 small Mills. The ratio of business is more than labor in Nindo Shaher. The businesses are Kiryana, Tea hotels, cloth stores, carpenter, tailoring, barber, dry cleaner, iron smith, shoe maker, cabins & mechanics. Among all these, Kiryana is at the top with 140+ shops in the city.

## Shrines

Shrines near the town include Shaheed Mard, Dadi Rahiman, Mansar and Noor Shah.

## Myths

One myth regarding water and fruit trees is very famous. It is generally said that a curse by a woman belonging to Ahl al-Bayt (Dhadhi) made it so that no sweet water is available below ground and generally no fruit trees available inside the town boundary. More recently, after Consciousness among the people, they investigated the area and found that the area was surrounded by brackish water.
# Nindigully Pub

The Nindigully Pub, originally built in 1864 in the town of Nindigully within the locality of Thallon, Shire of Balonne, Queensland, Australia, and is sometimes wrongly claimed to be one of Queensland's longest continually licensed premises. The license was actually surrendered by John Sparkes in 1904. (See link below) It was renewed 8 years later but for a brand new building, which remains the current hotel. (see link below) . It was a Cobb & Co changing station between the late 19th century and the early 20th century.

## Events

The Nindigully Pig Races and Country Music Festival, and fireworks are held annually on the last Saturday in November at the pub. It raises money for the Royal Flying Doctor Service.

## Filming

In the 1990s, scenes from Paperback Hero starring Hugh Jackman and Claudia Karvan were filmed on location at the Nindigully Pub.
# Annick Le Loch

Annick Le Loch (born 4 November 1954) was a member of the National Assembly of France. She represented Finistère's 7th constituency from 2007 to 2017, as a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
# 1988 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 10,000 metres

The men's 10,000 metres event at the 1988 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, at Laurentian University Stadium on 27 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Addis Abebe Ethiopia |
| Silver | Bedilu Kibret Ethiopia |
| Bronze | James Songok Kenya |

## Results
### Final

27 July
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Addis Abebe | Ethiopia | 28:42.13 |
| | Bedilu Kibret | Ethiopia | 28:48.53 |
| | James Songok | Kenya | 28:50.42 |
| 4 | Norbert Kilimiali | Tanzania | 28:51.00 |
| 5 | Zoltán Káldy | Hungary | 29:08.36 |
| 6 | Boay Akonay | Tanzania | 29:28.46 |
| 7 | Mohamed Choumassi | Morocco | 29:32.50 |
| 8 | Stephenson Nyamau | Kenya | 29:46.81 |
| 9 | James Loveless | United States | 30:14.19 |
| 10 | Michael Lavalle | United States | 30:21.78 |
| 11 | Viktor Karpenko | Soviet Union | 30:21.96 |
| 12 | Jun Hiratsuka | Japan | 30:26.79 |
| 13 | Carsten Arndt | West Germany | 30:40.08 |
| 14 | Franklin Tenorio | Ecuador | 30:44.90 |
| 15 | Masaki Yamamoto | Japan | 30:57.53 |
| 16 | Hussein Hassan Adani | Somalia | 31:04.25 |
| 17 | David Pujolar | Spain | 31:24.69 |
| 18 | Francisco González | Mexico | 31:34.27 |
| 19 | Vitor Barbosa | Portugal | 31:41.11 |
| 20 | Jürg Albert | East Germany | 31:55.50 |
| 21 | Ross Wilson | New Zealand | 32:56.44 |
| | Baltazar Sousa | Portugal | DNF |
| | Ventislav Chavdarov | Bulgaria | DNF |
| | Vanderlei de Lima | Brazil | DNF |
| | Valdenor dos Santos | Brazil | DNF |
| | Alejandro Villanueva | Mexico | DNF |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 26 athletes from 18 countries participated in the event.
* Brazil (2)
* Bulgaria (1)
* East Germany (1)
* Ecuador (1)
* Ethiopia (2)
* Hungary (1)
* Japan (2)
* Kenya (2)
* Mexico (2)
* Morocco (1)
* New Zealand (1)
* Portugal (2)
* Somalia (1)
* Soviet Union (1)
* Spain (1)
* Tanzania (2)
* United States (2)
* West Germany (1)
# The Merton Parkas

The Merton Parkas were an English mod revival band, formed in the Merton area of South London (Merton Park is a suburb of Merton, and a parka is a type of hooded coat which was popular among mods) in the mid-1970s, by Danny Talbot (vocals and guitar), his brother, Mick Talbot (keyboards), Neil Hurrell (bass) and Simon Smith (drums).
The group was discovered playing in a pub in Clapham, South London, by Alan Anger, a punk journalist, and signed with the independent record label, Beggars Banquet. They originally called themselves "The Sneekers", and were one of a group of power pop bands that included The Pleasers. The Merton Parkas released a few moderately successful singles, such as: "You Need Wheels", "Plastic Smile", "Give it to Me Now" and "Put Me in the Picture". They also released one album, Face in the Crowd. Rick Buckler of The Jam played with the band at Ronnie Scotts, and Mick Talbot played on "Heatwave", a track on The Jam's 1979 album Setting Sons.
The Merton Parkas also appeared at the Bridge House, Canning Town, but due to contractual disputes between record labels, did not feature on the 1979 album, Mods Mayday. However the un-released recording of their set at the Bridge House can be found on YouTube.
The band's most notable track was "You Need Wheels", which reached No. 40 in the UK Singles Chart in the summer of 1979. As this was their only success in that chart, they are regarded as one-hit wonders in the UK.
After The Merton Parkas disbanded in 1980, Mick Talbot went on to play with Dexys Midnight Runners, The Bureau, and The Style Council. Simon Smith joined the psychedelic revival band, Mood Six. Danny Talbot became a chemistry teacher and worked at Clapham College School for Boys.
# Annona atabapensis

Annona atabapensis is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is endemic to Venezuela.
# Annona acutiflora

Annona acutiflora is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Brazil. Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, the German botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the inner petals which come to a sharp point (acutatus in Latin).

## Description

It is a tree reaching 3.7-5.5 meters in height. Its branches have numerous lenticels. Its leaves are crowded and arranged in two opposite rows on the branches. The membranous, oblong leaves are 5.4-13.5 by 2.7-5.4 centimeters. The leaves are smooth, dark green on their upper surfaces, and come to a tapering point at their tip. The leaves have 8-11 pairs of secondary veins emanating from their midribs. Its hairless petioles are 4.5-6.8 millimeters long and have a furrow on their upper surface. Its flower buds are covered in rust-colored hairs. The inflorescences are extra-axillary. When young the inflorescences are enclosed by two triangular, hairy, rust-colored bracts. The inflorescences consist of 2-3 flowers on peduncles. Its flowers have a calyx with 3 triangular lobes that are 4 millimeters long and come to a point at their tip. It has 6 petals arranged in 2 rows of 3. The fleshy outer petals are white with a purple or red spot at their base. The outer petals are united at their base and 12-16 millimeters long. The tip of the outer petals comes to a tapering point. The oval-shaped inner petals are white with a purple spot at their base. The inner petals are 6-8 millimeters long and come to a sharp point at their tips. Its flowers have numerous short, yellow stamens. Its flowers have numerous carpels that are crowded together. Its oblong ovaries are covered with long soft hairs. Its short styles are topped by velvety stigmas. Its unripe fruit are bumpy, oval to cone shaped, reddish, covered in fine hairs.

### Reproductive biology

The pollen of Annona acutiflora is shed as permanent tetrads.

### Distribution and habitat

It grows in moist, forested areas and on coastal sandy areas.
# Kösüre, Yenipazar

Kösüre is a village in the Yenipazar District, Bilecik Province, Turkey. Its population is 95 (2021).
# Köstner

Köstner:
* August Köstner [de] (1912–1982), German wrestler
* Eduardo Javier Rubio Köstner (born 1983, Chuquicamata), a Chile an international footballer
* Elmer Joseph Koestner (1885–1959), a Major League Baseball pitcher
* Joseph Köstner [de] (1906–1982), Austrian bishop
* Lorenz-Günther Köstner (born 1952), a German footballer
* Sascha Köstner [de] (born 1975), German table tennis player
Koestner
# Köstrimäe

Köstrimäe is a village in Räpina Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia.
# Ningbo Cixi Stadium

Ningbo Cixi Stadium (Simplified Chinese: 宁波慈溪体育场) is a multi-use stadium in Cixi, Ningbo, China. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 16,000 people.

## Footnotes

* ↑ 宁波慈溪体育场_百度知道
30°10′48″N 121°16′01″E﻿ / ﻿30.180061°N 121.266918°E﻿ / 30.180061; 121.266918
* This article about a China sports venue is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# La Coma (la Coma i la Pedra)

La Coma is a locality and the capital of the municipality of La Coma i la Pedra, in Province of Lleida province, Catalonia, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 132.

## Geography

La Coma is located 146km northeast of Lleida.
# Nimpura railway station

Nimpura railway station is a railway station on Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line under Kharagpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Kharagpur in Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
# Anne Onken

Anne Onken (born 1977 in Oldenburg) is a German radio presenter and comedian.
Onken was born the daughter of a priest in Oldenburg and started to imitate voices from an early age. Her first successful radio programme was Die Pisa-Polizei with N-Joy and SWR 3, in which she confronted schoolchildren on the street and asked them difficult questions from various subject areas.
In 2005 she began to imitate the voice of politician (and later Federal Chancellor) Angela Merkel on The Gerd Show. Her successful work with Elmar Brandt (who imitated Gerhard Schröder) culminated in the popular song "Im Wahlkampf vor mir liegt ein Zonenmädchen", which reached no. 25 in the German charts during the run up to the 2005 German federal elections.
Shortly before the elections the television broadcaster Sat.1 showed short sketches with Onken and Brandt. Since then Onken has been acclaimed as the best imitator of Angela Merkel in Germany.
In October 2005 The Gerd Show was replaced by a new comedy serial, Angela - Schicksalsjahre einer Kanzlerin - Eine Frau geht seinen Weg. Like The Gerd Show, it was produced by Elmar Brandt and played by Onken using her imitation of Angela Merkel.

## Sources

* This article is based on a translation of the corresponding German-language Wikipedia article, retrieved on July 6, 2006.
# Nigger Jack

Nigger Jack may refer to:
* Nigger Jack, a nickname of John J. Pershing
* Nigger Jack Slough, a former name of Jack Slough, a stream in California
# Kōda River (Kōchi)

The Kōda (神田川, こうだがわ, kōdagawa) or Koda is a second class river in Kōchi City, Kōchi Prefecture It is a tributary on the right (south) side of the Kagami River (鏡川)
The characters 神田川 can be read in many ways, including "Kanda River" (かんだがわ, kandagawa), and that is how the river is named on some English sources.

## Course

The Kōda river is about 6.05 km long. It originates in a hilly area (100 to 200 m above sea level) and travels east while being joined by the rivers Yoshino (or Takaza) (高座川), Ebi (海老川), Sancho (三所川), Isobe (鴨部川), and Hino (辰ノ尾川). Most of its course is now channeled and runs through fully urbanized areas. It finally merges with the Kagami River, about 1 km southwest of the Kōchi Castle, which, after another 4 km, flows into Urato (Urado) Bay, a small branch of Tosa Bay. The backswamp, which accounts for the majority of the river's drainage basin, was mostly wetland until the end of World War II, but it has since become a residential area.
# Kōda Rohan

Kōda Shigeyuki (幸田 成行, 23 July 1867 – 30 July 1947), pen name Kōda Rohan (幸田 露伴), was a Japanese author. His daughter, Aya Kōda, was also a noted author who often wrote about him.
Kōda wrote "The Icon of Liberty", also known as "The Buddha of Art" or "The Elegant Buddha", in 1889. A house (Kagyu-an or "snail cottage") in which Kōda lived was rebuilt in 1972 by the Meiji Mura museum. Kōda was one of the first persons to be awarded the Order of Culture when it was established in 1937.

## Early life

Rohan was born in the Kanda District of Tokyo. He went to Hibiya High School and Aoyama Gakuin, but he did not graduate from both schools. He was the son of Koda Shigenobu (1839?--1914) and Koda Yu (1842?-1919), whose father was Koda Ritei, a samurai official serving under the local daimyō. Rohan's childhood name was Tetsushiro ("shiro" implying the fourth son) Shigeyuki.

## Notable short stories

* "Dewdrops" (1889)
* "Love Bodhisattva" (1889)
* "Encounter with a Skull" (1890)
* "A Sealed Letter" (1890)
* "The Five-Storied Pagoda" (1891) (translated into English as The Pagoda)
* "The Bearded Samurai"

## Poems

* Leaving the Hermitage (1905)

## Novels

* The Whaler (1891)
* The Minute Storehouse of Life (unfinished)

## In fiction

* The 1960 Kon Ichikawa film Her Brother is adapted from an autobiographical work by Aya Koda. Consequently, the character of "Father" (played by Masayuki Mori) is based on Kōda Rohan.
* Kōda Rohan, along with many other historical figures from the Meiji Restoration, is a protagonist of the 1985 award-winning historical fantasy novel Teito Monogatari by Aramata Hiroshi. In the first film adaptation of the novel, he was played by veteran actor Kōji Takahashi. In the animated adaptation he was voiced by Yūsaku Yara.
# Kōda River (Aichi)

Kōda (広田川, コウダガワ, Kōda-gawa) is a small river in the towns of Kōta and Nishio in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
The Kōda river starts in Kōta about 4 km southwest of the town hall, makes a broad loop through Kōta and Nishio (towards east, north, west, and southwest), runs alongside the Yahagifuru River in Nishio for about 6 km, and finally joins it at about 34°48′09″N 137°02′57″E﻿ / ﻿34.802518°N 137.049209°E﻿ / 34.802518; 137.049209.
The town changed its name from Kōda (広田) to Kōta (幸田) in 1954, and for that reason, the river is sometimes called Kōta too. The transliterations as Koda, Kouda, Kota, or Kouta may also occur, with or without the Japanese suffix gawa ("river"). Moreover, the kanji 広田 can also be read as Hirota, and this misreading seems to be commonly made by automatic translators.
# Nishank Kumar Jain

Nishank Kumar Jain (born 5 August 1964) is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress party. He is currently Vidisha district president, Indian National Congress.

## Political career

He became an MLA in 2013.
He had given Dharna for the compensation to be given to farmers in 2015–16.

## Political Views

He supports Indian National Congress.

## Personal life

He is married to Nandini Jain.
# Njobvu

Njobvu is a surname of Zambian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Rhoda Njobvu (born 1994), Zambian sprinter
* William Njobvu (born 1987), Zambian football midfielder