OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Michel Liphschutz

Michel Liphschutz (25 February 1910 – 5 September 1994) was a Russian philatelist who was entered on the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1968. He was a specialist in the early stamps of Russia, including Zemstvo issues and Russian post offices abroad, the RSFSR and the Soviet Union.

## Early life

Michel Liphschutz was born in St Petersburg on 25 February 1910. In 1922, his parents moved to Paris with their son and daughter, leaving part of the family in Russia. A chemist and engineer, he started his industrial career in France in 1934, quickly growing his professional position thanks to his intelligence and dynamism.

## Collecting

Liphschutz began collecting Russian stamps in 1944, and over 50 years of dedicated research amassed the second greatest collection of Russian stamps in the world, second only to that of Oleg Fabergé. Particularly impressive was his collection of first issues, including many rarities. His collection of Russia No. 1 consisted of more than 300 copies, preceded by over 40 different unadopted essays of the famous Mercury or Eagle types (1854–57). He was one of the first to assemble an 'ultimate' specialized collection of RSFSR and Soviet Union, during a time where those areas were quite unpopular. The world's first reference catalogue to be published on the subject (by the Cercle Philatélique France URSS in 1969) was largely based on the Liphschutz collection.
His Zemstvo and Russian Post Offices Abroad collections were some of the best ever realised. One of the greatest gems, in his own words, was the Mongolian "Ulankom" cover that he discovered in the 1940s. Unafraid of paying the price for a rare piece, he once lost during an auction the unique 1858 set in mint blocks of four (Mi 2–4), realizing that he had lost for basing his bids on the market's estimation, and not on his own wishes. When the same set was again offered 20 years later, he sent a French dealer in New York the sole instruction 'BUY': he didn't want to make the same mistake twice.
Liphschutz was an educated scholar. Contemporaries tell of visiting the Liphschutz residence in Neuilly sur Seine, where they would exchange their views and knowledge surrounded by books. His life was of course much more than stamps; he spent time in the Soviet Union locating family members who were listed as missing after World War II. He was also known for having done a lot to help his family. His sister Ida was a medical doctor running a clinic in the south of France.

## Organised philately

A high level philatelist, Liphschutz was a member of the French Académie de Philatélie since 1958, signed the prestigious Roll of Distinguished Philatelists (RDP) in 1968, became President of the Académie de Philatélie in 1980 and second president of the Cercle Philatélique France URSS (after Gabriel Citerne).

## Sale of his collection

His prestigious collections were sold in Switzerland by Guido Craveri/Harmers in a series of auctions in 1993/94. The catalogues of those sales continue to be an important reference for collectors of this field.
# Croatia women's national field hockey team

The Croatia women's national field hockey team represents Croatia in women's international field hockey competitions and is controlled by the Croatian Hockey Federation, the governing body for field hockey in Croatia.
The team competes in the Women's EuroHockey Championship III, the third level of the women's European field hockey championships. As of March 2024, the Croatia women's field hockey team is placed 55th in the FIH world ranking.

## Tournament record
### EuroHockey Championship III

* 2005 – 4th place
* 2007 – 5th place
* 2015 – 4th place
* 2017 – 4th place
* 2019 – 4th place
* 2021 – 4th place
* 2023 – 4th place
# McCrorie

McCrorie is a surname. It is derived from the Scottish Gaelic surname Mac Ruidhrí.

## Notable people with the surname

* Edward McCrorie (born 1936), American poet and academic of English literature
* Stevie McCrorie (born 1985), Scottish singer
# Franxault

Franxault (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.
# Franklin Creek State Natural Area

Franklin Creek State Natural Area is an Illinois state park on 882 acres (357 ha) in Lee County, Illinois, United States. Franklin Creek State Natural Area was dedicated in 1982, making it the 24th nature preserve in Illinois.
# Vinther

Vinther (also spelled Winther) is a common Anglo-Germanic surname dating back to the 13th century. The name developed from the Anglo-French word Vintner, meaning someone who is involved with winemaking. The surname is used worldwide, but is mainly found in Europe and the United States.

## Etymology
### History

The surname Vinther dates back to 1221 England and derives from the Anglo-French word Vintner, meaning a person engaged in winemaking. It was an occupational name for wine sellers during the 13th century. In Denmark and Norway, it was originally given to people considered to possess a frosty or gloomy temperament, the corresponding Old English and Old High German words being Winter and Wintar. In Central, South and Eastern Europe the surname had changed to Vinter by leaving letter H from the word.

## Usage

Vinther is the 92,287th most common surname in the world. It is most prevalent in Denmark and the highest density is in the Faroe Islands. Nowadays, it is most popular in Europe and the United States.
| Country | Incidence | Frequency | Rank in Nation |
| Denmark | 4,239 | 1,330 | 106 |
| United States | 142 | 2,255,424 | 144,605 |
| England | 75 | 720,000 | 50,317 |
| Faroe Islands | 49 | 987 | 130 |
| Norway | 39 | 131,394 | 17,488 |
| Switzerland | 27 | 302,256 | 36,547 |
| Sweden | 22 | 440,645 | 42,407 |
| Canada | 9 | 3,936,392 | 212,166 |
| New Zealand | 5 | 909,350 | 46,707 |
| Spain | 2 | 23,253,900 | 131,225 |
| India | 2 | 624,010,000 | 1,500,361 |
| Israel | 2 | 4,103,200 | 34,572 |
| Poland | 1 | 38,496,000 | 58,885 |
| El Salvador | 1 | 6,401,240 | 3,993 |
| France | 1 | 65,959,000 | 277,603 |
| South Africa | 1 | 54,002,000 | 107,212 |
| Russia | 1 | 146,068,400 | 897,276 |
| Germany | 1 | 80,716,000 | 172,258 |
| Hong Kong | 1 | 7,219,700 | 16,640 |
| Australia | 1 | 23,566,200 | 279,271 |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | 9,446,000 | 83,428 |
| Tunisia | 1 | 10,886,500 | 14,644 |
| Netherlands | 1 | 16,863,800 | 118,015 |
| Belgium | 1 | 11,202,066 | 91,024 |

## Notable people with the surname

| Name | Country | Years | Notes |
| Ingeborg Vinther | Faroe Islands | b. 1945 | Politician |
| Johannes Vinther | Denmark | b. 1893 d. 1968 | Gymnast |
| Troels Vinther | Denmark | b. 1987 | Cyclist |
| Aage Winther-Jørgensen | Denmark | b. 1900 d. 1967 | Actor |
| Birgitte Winther | Denmark | b. 1751 d. 1809 | Opera singer |
| Christian Winther | Denmark | b. 1796 d. 1876 | Lyric poet |
| Christopher Winther Scheen | Norway | b. 1809 d. 1950 | Clergyman and politician |
| Gregers Winther Wulfsberg | Norway | b. 1780 d. 1846 | Jurist and politician |
| Gregers Winther Wulfsberg Gram | Norway | b. 1846 d. 1929 | Jurist, politician and international arbitrator |
| Lars Winther | Norway | b. 1983 | Pianist composer |
| Ludwig Franz Alexander Winther | Germany | b. 1812 d. 1871 | Pathologist and ophthalmologist |
| Oscar Osburn Winther | United States | b. 1903 d. 1970 | History professor |
| Sophus Keith Winther | United States | b. 1893 d. 1983 | Professor and novelist |
| Eva Winther | Sweden | b. 1921 d. 2014 | Politician |
# Earl Haig Memorial

The Earl Haig Memorial is a bronze equestrian statue of the British Western Front commander Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig on Whitehall in Westminster, London. It was created by the sculptor Alfred Frank Hardiman and commissioned by Parliament in 1928. Eight years in the making, it aroused considerable controversy; the Field Marshal's riding position, his uniform, the horse's anatomy and its stance all drew harsh criticism. The inscription on the plinth reads 'Field Marshal Earl Haig Commander-in-Chief of the British Armies in France 1915–1918'.

## History

Hardiman had won the commission in competition with his fellow sculptors Gilbert Ledward and William Macmillan. His winning model showed Haig riding a classical charger befitting a hero, derived from Hardiman's studies of renaissance equestrian sculpture. The Press and Lady Haig weighed in, asking why Earl Haig could not be portrayed with realism riding his own horse, Poperinghe. Eventually Hardiman was asked to produce a second model, but in trying to accommodate his critics the sculptor produced a compromise that pleased no-one. The design went back to Cabinet and they were persuaded to allow the sculptor a free hand in executing the full-sized statue; George Lansbury wrote: "I feel confident that if your genius is unfettered you will give us a memorial worthy of the Field Marshal, the nation and yourself". The memorial was unveiled by Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester on 10 November 1937, with King George VI laying a wreath at the base the following day, Armistice Day.
The memorial has received some support in recent years but has also found itself the target of criticism. In the run-up to Remembrance Day 1998 the Daily Express attacked the memorial on its front page, asking "Why do we let this man cast a shadow over our war dead?". On 4 June 2020, protesters shouted abuse at soldiers from the Household Cavalry whilst scrubbing A.C.A.B. graffiti from the memorial, following a Black Lives Matter protest.
# Michel Lezeau

Michel Lezeau (20 December 1942 – 23 July 2024) was a French politician from Orléans. He was mayor of Ballan-Miré from 1977 until 2007, then became a member of the National Assembly of France for a four-year term. He represented the Indre-et-Loire department, as a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. Lezeau died on 23 July 2024 aged 81.
# McCrory (surname)

McCrory is a surname. It is derived from the Irish and Scottish Gaelic surname Mac Ruaidhrí.

## People with the surname

* Ann McCrory (born 1956), former First Lady of North Carolina, former First Lady of Charlotte, North Carolina
* Glenn McCrory (born 1964), British professional boxer
* Helen McCrory (1968–2021), English actress
* Mary Angeline Teresa McCrory (1893–1984), Irish religious sister
* Milton McCrory (born 1962), American professional boxer
* Nick McCrory (born 1991), American diver
* Pat McCrory (born 1956), former governor of North Carolina (2013–2017), former mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina (1995–2009)
* Sammy McCrory (1924–2011), Northern Ireland footballer
* Sam McCrory (loyalist) (born 1963), gay rights activist and former UDA activist
* Steve McCrory (1964–2000), American amateur boxer
* Tamdan McCrory (born 1986), American mixed martial arts fighter
* Jed McCrory (1970) Chairman and Owner of professional Football and Rugby clubs.
# USS Maddox

USS Maddox may refer to:
* USS Maddox (DD-168), christened in 1918, the ship was transferred to the Royal Navy, then Soviet Navy, and finally given back to the Royal Navy
* USS Maddox (DD-622), christened in 1942 and sunk the next year by a German bomber
* USS Maddox (DD-731), christened in 1944. After a short career in World War II and participation in the Korean War. This warship was involved in the Vietnam War's Gulf of Tonkin Incident, which led to direct open warfare between the nation of North Vietnam and the United States on 7 August 1964 (Tonkin Gulf Resolution).
# List of number-one albums of 2011 (Portugal)

The Portuguese Albums Chart ranks the best-performing albums in Portugal, as compiled by the Associação Fonográfica Portuguesa.
| Week | Album | Artist |
| 01/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 02/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 03/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 04/2011 | Live on Ten Legs | Pearl Jam |
| 05/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 06/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 07/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 08/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 09/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 10/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 11/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 12/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 13/2011 | Explode | The Gift |
| 14/2011 | Explode | The Gift |
| 15/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 16/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 17/2011 | Aurea | Aurea |
| 18/2011 | Pára, Escuta e Olha | André Sardet |
| 19/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 20/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 21/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 22/2011 | Born This Way | Lady Gaga |
| 23/2011 | Ukulele Songs | Eddie Vedder |
| 24/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 25/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 26/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 27/2011 | Cai o Carmo e a Trindade | Amor Electro |
| 28/2011 | Angélico | Angélico |
| 29/2011 | Angélico | Angélico |
| 30/2011 | Angélico | Angélico |
| 31/2011 | Voos Domésticos | GNR |
| 32/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 33/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 34/2011 | O Mesmo de Sempre | Tony Carreira |
| 35/2011 | Ao Vivo | Paula Fernandes |
| 36/2011 | Ao Vivo | Paula Fernandes |
| 37/2011 | Nothing but the Beat | David Guetta |
| 38/2011 | Mútuo Consentimento | Sérgio Godinho |
| 39/2011 | Pearl Jam Twenty | Pearl Jam |
| 40/2011 | Nevermind | Nirvana |
| 41/2011 | Nevermind | Nirvana |
| 42/2011 | Panda Vai à Escola n°4 | Panda |
| 43/2011 | N.1 | David Carreira |
| 44/2011 | Mylo Xyloto | Coldplay |
| 45/2011 | Mylo Xyloto | Coldplay |
| 46/2011 | Mylo Xyloto | Coldplay |
| 47/2011 | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| 48/2011 | Em Busca das Montanhas Azuis | Fausto Bordalo Dias |
| 49/2011 | A Montanha Mágica | Rodrigo Leão |
| 50/2011 | Lioness: Hidden Treasures | Amy Winehouse |
| 51/2011 | Lioness: Hidden Treasures | Amy Winehouse |
| 52/2011 | Live at the Royal Albert Hall | Adele |
| 53/2011 | En Acústico | Pablo Alborán |
# Aplasia cutis congenita-intestinal lymphangiectasia syndrome

Aplasia cutis congenita-intestinal lymphangiectasia syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder which is characterized by aplasia cutis congenita, intestinal lymphangiectasia-induced generalized edema, hypoproteinemia, and lymphopenia. It has been described in two Ashkenazi Jewish brothers.
# Pedra d'Água River

The Pedra d'Água River is a river in Bahia state in eastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Peixe River in the municipality of Queimadas.
# Miellen

Miellen is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany. It belongs to the association community of Bad Ems-Nassau.
# Vernon Yard Recordings

Vernon Yard Recordings was an independent label owned by Virgin Records. Named after a small mews off the Portobello Road in Notting Hill, the label was known for its emphasis on modern psychedelic rock and its many subgenres, including shoegaze (The Verve), slowcore (Acetone and Low), and indie Britpop (The Auteurs).

## Distribution

Although Virgin owned a controlling interest in the label, they let Vernon Yard operate as a traditional indie (much like Virgin's relationship with Caroline Records), and therefore very few Vernon Yard releases were distributed by Virgin.
In fact, Vernon Yard used many different distributors throughout its run, primarily the aforementioned Caroline, but also competing major label Capitol Records and other willing distributors. The label had a strong relationship with Virgin's British indie, Hut Records, importing Hut bands into the US through its subsidiary Hut U.S.A., and sending Vernon Yard-signed acts over to the UK for release on Hut. In 1993, Keith Wood joined Vernon Yard from Caroline Records, leading the company as president.
By the end of 1996, the Vernon Yard label went bankrupt. Although the Vernon Yard label would still pop up occasionally up to the early 21st century, Virgin took greater control over the label in 1997, leading many key acts to leave the label. Virgin wanted to heavily promote the Verve's 1997 Urban Hymns and, as such, released the album on Virgin and not Vernon Yard. The label's other two most popular acts, Acetone and Low, left for Vapor Records and Kranky Records, respectively, around the same time. These moves effectively left Vernon Yard without its key artists, and only a handful of releases on Vernon Yard have appeared over the years. The most notable post-1997 release on Vernon Yard was the Low remix album OwL Remix.
# Deggingen

Deggingen is a municipality in the district of Göppingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## History

The House of Helfenstein ruled Deggingen until it went extinct in 1627. Deggingen and the town of Reichenbach im Täle were annexed by the Kingdom of Württemberg when, in 1806, the Lordship of Wiesensteig was mediatized to them. The two towns were assigned to Oberamt Wiesensteig [de] until 1810, when they were reassigned to Oberamt Göppingen [de]. That district was reorganized as Landkreis Göppingen, which retained Deggingen and Reichenbach im Täle. The two towns expanded dramatically after World War II, though Reichenbach im Täle's growth tapered off by the end of the 1960s. Reichenbach im Täle was incorporated into Denningen in 1975.

## Geography

The municipality (Gemeinde) of Deggingen is found in the district of Göppingen, in Baden-Württemberg, one of the 16 States of the Federal Republic of Germany. Deggingen is physically located in the upper Fils river valley, in the Filsalb [de] region of the Middle Kuppenalb [de]. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of 777 meters (2,549 ft) Normalnull (NN) to a low of 465 meters (1,526 ft) NN.
Portions of the Federally protected Galgenberg [de], Haarberg-Wasserberg [de], Northern slopes of the Swabian Jura [de], nature reserves are located in Deggingen's municipal area.

## Politics

Deggingen has two boroughs (Ortsteile), Deggingen and Reichenbach im Täle, and five villages: Ave Maria, Berneck, Bierkeller, Gairen, and Nordalb. There are two abandoned villages found in the municipal area: Bogenweiler and Gerenberg. Deggingen is in an mutually-beneficial municipal association [de] with the municipality of Bad Ditzenbach.

### Coat of arms

The municipal coat of arms of Deggingen displays the head of an elephant, in white, above a yellow, six-pointed star, upon a field of red. The elephant is taken from the coat of arms of the County of Helfenstein, as was the red-yellow tincture, while the six-pointed star has been a symbol of Deggingen since 1551. This coat of arms was approved and a municipal flag issued by the Federal Ministry of the Interior on 30 June 1959.

## Transportation

Deggingen lies on the historically important Swabian Jura road [de]. The municipality is connected to Germany's network of roadways by Bundesstraße 466 [de]. It was also served by the Tälesbahn railroad between 1903 and 1983. Local public transportation is provided by the Filsland Mobilitätsverbundes [de].
# Graig quarry

Graig Quarry is a limestone quarry that includes a Site of Special Scientific Interest. It is located near Mold in the former county of Clwyd, now Denbighshire, north Wales.
# Vertrieu

Vertrieu (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.
# Nitschke

Nitschke is the name of:
* Jack Nitschke (1905–1982), South Australian cricketer
* Philip Nitschke (1947– ), South Australian medical doctor, founder of pro-euthanasia group Exit
* Ray Nitschke (1936–1998), American football player
* Richard Nitschke (1863–1944), South Australian baritone and racehorse owner
* Shelley Nitschke (1976– ), South Australian woman cricketer
* Theodor Rudolph Joseph Nitschke (1834–1883), German botanist
# List of number-one albums of 2011 (Ireland)

The Irish Albums Chart is a record chart compiled by Chart-Track on behalf of the Irish Recorded Music Association. The chart week runs from Friday to Thursday.
| Issue date | Album | Artist |
| 6 January | Loud | Rihanna |
| 13 January | Loud | Rihanna |
| 20 January | Doo-Wops & Hooligans | Bruno Mars |
| 27 January | 21 | Adele |
| 3 February | 21 | Adele |
| 10 February | 21 | Adele |
| 17 February | 21 | Adele |
| 24 February | 21 | Adele |
| 3 March | 21 | Adele |
| 10 March | 21 | Adele |
| 17 March | 21 | Adele |
| 24 March | 21 | Adele |
| 31 March | Mine & Yours | Mary Byrne |
| 7 April | Mine & Yours | Mary Byrne |
| 14 April | 21 | Adele |
| 21 April | 21 | Adele |
| 28 April | 21 | Adele |
| 5 May | 21 | Adele |
| 12 May | 21 | Adele |
| 19 May | 21 | Adele |
| 26 May | Born This Way | Lady Gaga |
| 2 June | Born This Way | Lady Gaga |
| 9 June | 21 | Adele |
| 16 June | 21 | Adele |
| 23 June | 21 | Adele |
| 30 June | 4 | Beyoncé |
| 7 July | 21 | Adele |
| 14 July | 21 | Adele |
| 21 July | 21 | Adele |
| 28 July | 21 | Adele |
| 4 August | 21 | Adele |
| 11 August | Victory | Jedward |
| 18 August | Victory | Jedward |
| 25 August | 21 | Adele |
| 1 September | I'm with You | Red Hot Chili Peppers |
| 8 September | 21 | Adele |
| 15 September | 21 | Adele |
| 22 September | 21 | Adele |
| 29 September | 21 | Adele |
| 6 October | 21 | Adele |
| 13 October | Passenger | Lisa Hannigan |
| 20 October | Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds | Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds |
| 27 October | Mylo Xyloto | Coldplay |
| 3 November | Ceremonials | Florence and the Machine |
| 10 November | Ceremonials | Florence and the Machine |
| 17 November | Fallen Empires | Snow Patrol |
| 24 November | Greatest Hits | Westlife |
| 1 December | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| 8 December | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| 15 December | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| 22 December | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| 29 December | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
# Notocochlis cernica

Notocochlis cernica is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 15.7 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Mauritius in the Mascarene Basin.
# Pedro Requena

Pedro Requena may refer to:
* Pedro Requena (footballer, born 1961), Peruvian football centre-back
* Pedro Requena (footballer, born 1991), Peruvian football right-back
# Frank Kirby

Frank Kirby may refer to:
* Frank Howard Kirby (1871–1956), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Frank Kirby (footballer) (1885–1963), Australian rules footballer
* Frank E. Kirby (1849–1929), naval architect
# Vernon Wijetunga

Vernon Wijetunga QC (September 1920 - 28 December 2008) was a prominent Ceylonese civil lawyer. He was the last surviving Queen's Counsel in Sri Lanka.
Educated at Royal College Colombo, he excelled in athletics and boxing, as well as studies winning the Sir Donald Obeysekere Prize. Entering Ceylon Law College, he enrolled as an advocate in 1943 and was later admitted as a barrister in the Gray's Inn. He apprenticed under M. T. de S Amarasekere, KC; Sir Ukwatte Jayasundera, KC and George Edmund Chitty, QC.
Starting his practice in the unofficial bar, he practiced in both the original and appellate courts. Later he specialised in civil litigation in the District Courts. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1968.
He married Pamela Wijewardene, daughter of Dr. D. E. Wijewarden (a brother of D. R. Wijewardena) in 1948. She was the sister of Ray Wijewardene. They had two sons Varuna and Susil, a daughter Ramya and a younger son Sathis. Wijetunga was a member of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka.
# GSK

GSK may refer to:
* GSK plc, formerly GlaxoSmithKline, a multinational pharmaceutical corporation
* Galatasaray S.K., a Turkish sports club based in Istanbul
* Glycogen synthase kinase
* Golden State Killer, a California serial rapist and murderer
* GTK Scene Graph Kit, a rendering pipeline