OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mississippi Valley (disambiguation)

The Mississippi Valley is a valley which the Mississippi River flows through.
Mississippi Valley may also refer to:
* Mississippi Valley Airlines, former regional airline in the Upper Midwest of the United States
* Mississippi Valley Conference (disambiguation)
* Mississippi Valley Division, military unit responsible for the area surrounding the Mississippi River
* Mississippi Valley League, former baseball Class D minor league
* Mississippi Valley State University, public HBCU located in Itta Bena, Mississippi
** Mississippi Valley State Delta Devils and Devilettes
** Mississippi Valley State (CDP), Mississippi
* Mississippi-Valley type (MVT), a type of Sphalerite
# Mississippi Transportation Commission

The Mississippi Transportation Commission is a government agency in the U.S. state of Mississippi which is responsible for overseeing the Mississippi Department of Transportation, overseeing the transportation industry, and formulating state transportation policy. It is the only popularly-elected state transportation board in the United States.

## History

On March 29, 1916, the Mississippi Legislature created the Mississippi State Highway Commission. Originally consisting of three members, the commission held its first meeting on April 14 to discuss the disbursement of federal funds and coordinate a highway planning program with the U.S. Bureau of Public Roads. In 1920, Governor Lee M. Russell expanded the commission with five additional members. In 1930, the legislature passed the Stansel Act, restoring the commission as a body consisting of three popularly elected commissioners. In the 1980s, Governor William Allain pushed for the State Highway Department to be reorganized—with the highway commissioners to be appointed by the governor and not popularly elected—but his proposal failed due to legislative opposition. In July 1992, the State Highway Commission and State Highway Department were reorganized as the Mississippi Transportation Commission and the Mississippi Department of Transportation. Dick Hall was the longest-tenured transportation commissioner, serving from 1999 until 2019. Willie Lee Simmons, the first black person to serve on the commission, assumed office in 2020.

## Powers and responsibilities

The Mississippi Transportation Commission is a part of the executive branch of Mississippi's state government. It is the only popularly-elected state transportation board in the United States. Per state law, the commission is responsible for developing an intermodal transport policy for the state. It oversees all aeronautical, highway, port, railroad, and public transit in Mississippi. The commission appoints the executive director of the Mississippi Department of Transportation to oversee daily administrative matters in the agency, with their choice subject to the approval of the Mississippi State Senate. A majority vote of the commission is required to disburse money from the state's Emergency Road and Bridge Repair fund.

## Structure

The Mississippi Transportation Commission is led by three commissioners. One commissioner is elected by voters in each of the state's three Supreme Court districts, and the commissioners elect a chairman among their own members. The commissioners' individual salaries are $78,000 per year, but are set to increase to $95,000 annually in 2024. The Commission meets on the second and fourth Tuesday of each month at its offices in Jackson. The Central District commissioner keeps an office in Jackson, while the Northern District commissioner keeps an office in Tupelo and the Southern District commissioner maintains one in Hattiesburg.

## Current commissioners

The current commissioners are:
* John Caldwell (Republican) Northern District
* Willie Lee Simmons (Democrat) Central District
* Charles Busby (Republican) Southern District
# Mispila albopunctulata

Mispila albopunctulata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Heller in 1923.
# Denitrificimonas caeni

Denitrificimonas caeni is a genus of pseudomonad bacteria.
# Visakha Institute of Medical Sciences

17°45′34″N 83°19′47″E﻿ / ﻿17.759413°N 83.329723°E﻿ / 17.759413; 83.329723
Visakha Institute of Medical Sciences shortly VIMS is a hospital in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

## Overview

The institute is located in Hanumanthavaka area at the Entrance of the Main City and spread over an area of about 100 acres (400,000 m$^2$).
# Vipin Indira Panabhan Nayar

Air Marshal Vipin Indira Panabhan Nayar, AVSM, VM is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the 28th Commandant of the Air Force Academy. He assumed the office on 1 August 2020 succeeding Air Marshal Jonnalagedda Chalapati. He served till his superannuation on 31 July 2021

## Early life and education

Vipin Indira Panabhan Nayar is an alumnus of Sanik School, Kazhakootam from 1978 batch. He is a graduate of the National Defence Academy, Pune, Defence Services Staff College, Wellington and National Defence College, New Delhi.

## Career

Vipin Indira Panabhan Nayar was commissioned in the flying branch of the Indian Air Force. In a career spanning over 39 years, he has as more than 6,000 hours of flying experience across various types of transport aircraft, trainer aircraft and gliders.
He has held various instructional tenures include stints at National Defence Academy, Pune, Basic Flying Training School, Prayagraj and Fixed Wing Training Faculty at Air Force Station Yelahanka, Bengaluru.
As Wing Commander, he served as the Commanding Officer of the No. 41 Squadron at Jodhpur.
As Group Captain, he served as the Commanding Officer of the No. 33 Squadron at Sulur.
As Air Commodore, he served as the Principal Director for Operations, Transport and Helicopters. Later, he served as the Air Officer Commanding of 3 Wing in New Delhi. Afterwards, he served as the Principal Director for Space operations.
As Air Vice Marshal, he served as the Senior Directing Staff (Air) at the National Defence College, New Delhi.
After his promotion to Air Marshal, he served as the Commandant of the National Defence Academy till 15 December 2019.
Later, he took over as the Senior Air Staff Officer of the Central Air Command on 16 December 2019 from Air Marshal Richard John Duckworth and served till 31 July 2020.
He was appointed as the Commandant of the Air Force Academy, where he served till his superannuation on 31 July 2021 and was succeeded by Air Marshal Sanjeev Kapoor.

## Honours and decorations

During his career, Vipin Indira Panabhan Nayar has been awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2021 and Vayu Sena Medal in 2003 for his service.
| Ati Vishisht Seva Medal | Vayu Sena Medal |
# Vipin Parikh

Vipin Chhotalal Parikh (26 October 1930 – 18 October 2010) was a Gujarati poet from Gujarat, India.

## Life

Vipin Parikh was born on 26 October 1930 in Bombay (now Mumbai). His family belonged to Chikhli (now in Valsad district, Gujarat). He studied B. Com. from University of Bombay and joined his father in plumbing business. He retired from business. He had studied biochemistry and astrology by himself. He died in Mumbai on 18 October 2010.

## Works

Vipin Parikh started writing poetry at later age. He chiefly wrote non-metrical poetry and his poetry is socially concerned and expresses modern sensitivity. He published three poetry collections: Ashanka (1975), Talash (1980) and Coffee House (1998). Mari, Tamari, Aapani Vaat (2003) is an anthology of all his poems. Alinganne Kat Lage Chhe (1999) and Hu Pachho Avish Tyare (2011) are his essay collections. He wrote short biographies on various saints in Shanti Pamade Ene Sant Kahie (1999). Suresh Dalal compiled a book on him under Kavi Ane Kavita series.
# Gargamella gravastella

Gargamella gravastella is a species of sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Discodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was described from South Africa.
# Deoxycytidylate 5-hydroxymethyltransferase

In enzymology, a deoxycytidylate 5-hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + H$_2$O + deoxycytidylate $\rightleftharpoons$ tetrahydrofolate + 5-hydroxymethyldeoxycytidylate
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, H$_2$O, and deoxycytidylate, whereas its two products are tetrahydrofolate and 5-hydroxymethyldeoxycytidylate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases that transfer one-carbon groups, specifically the hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:deoxycytidylate 5-hydroxymethyltransferase. Other names in common use include dCMP hydroxymethylase, d-cytidine 5'-monophosphate hydroxymethylase, deoxyCMP hydroxymethylase, deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase, and deoxycytidylic hydroxymethylase. This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism and one carbon pool by folate.

## Structural studies

As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1B49, 1B5D, and 1B5E.
# Oowah Lake

Oowah Lake is a small 2.9-acre (1.2 ha) lake located in the Manti-La Sal National Forest, in Utah. The Department of Wildlife Resources of Utah (DWR) stocks this reservoir with rainbow trout.
# Orb Quest

Orb Quest is a 1982 fantasy role-playing game adventure for The Fantasy Trip, published by Metagaming Concepts.

## Plot summary

Orb Quest is a microquest to be played either as a group or solitaire, a sequel to Death Test 2.

## Publication history

Orb Quest was one of the final publications for The Fantasy Trip, alongside two adventures published by Gamelords in 1982, The Forest-Lords of Dihad and The Warrior-Lords of Darok.$^{:223}$

## Reception

Edwin J. Rotondaro reviewed Orb Quest in The Space Gamer No. 62. Rotondaro commented that "Overall, I have to give Orb Quest an A− rating. The problems are easily corrected, and the quest's difficulty should keep even experienced players on their toes."
# Gary Lakes

Gary Lakes (born September 26, 1950) is an American opera heldentenor.
Lakes was born in Woodward, Oklahoma, and raised in Irving, Texas. He made his professional debut with the Seattle Opera in the role of Froh in 1981 in Wagner's Das Rheingold, after attending Southern Methodist University where he studied with Thomas Hayward. He was a high school football defensive tackle, but switched his career aspirations to singing after a cracked vertebra derailed any hope for a football career. He debuted with the Metropolitan Opera on February 4, 1986 as the High Priest in Mozart's Idomeneo and soon after sang the ensemble role of Walther von der Vogelweide in Wagner's Tannhäuser. In 1987, he sang the role of Siegmund in Wagner's Die Walküre with the Met. He sang the role of Siegmund on both the Met's DVD and CD of Die Walküre opposite Jessye Norman as Sieglinde with James Levine conducting. Other roles he has sung at the Met include Don José in Bizet's Carmen, Samson in Saint-Saëns' Samson et Dalila, the Emperor in Strauss' Die Frau ohne Schatten, Erik in Wagner's Der fliegende Holländer, Grigory in Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov, Florestan in Beethoven's Fidelio, the title role in Wagner's Parsifal, Laca in Janáček's Jenůfa, Aeneas in Berlioz' Les Troyens and Jimmy Mahoney in Weill's Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny.
Other Wagner roles he has sung at various opera houses include Tristan in Tristan und Isolde, Siegfried in Götterdämmerung and the title roles in Tannhäuser and Lohengrin. Other roles have included Admete in Gluck's Alceste, Herod in Strauss' Salome, the title role in Berlioz' La damnation de Faust and concert performances of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony and Gustav Mahler's Lied von der Erde. Besides Siegmund, he has recorded the roles of Bacchus in Strauss' Ariadne auf Naxos and Aeneas in Les Troyens, and also albums of Irish songs and ballads (in English). He appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on January 14, 1993.
Lakes is a fellow of the Music Academy of the West, where he attended in 1977.
# Garth Meade

Garth Meade (born 1925, Johannesburg, South Africa, died 2002 Sydney) was a South African and later Australian actor and comedian, best known for his roles on television series and mini-series. He also worked numerously in cabaret and the club circuit.

## Biography

Meade, was born in Johannesburg, and studied classical guitar, at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London. He began his performing career touring many major cities in the UK and Ireland. Meade and his wife, actress Elaine Lee, emigrated to Australia in 1970. He wrote and starred in the show High Noon at 8.40 in Sydney. His wife had planned to act solely as housewife upon their move to Australia but soon followed her yearnings and returned to acting. In 1972 she was cast as fashion designer Vera Collins an original cast member of evening soap opera Number 96. The series became a huge hit and Lee's fame quickly eclipsed that of her husband. The marriage ended in 1976. Meade also appeared in Number 96 in later years.
In 1980, Meade was a regular in the new serial Arcade created by several of the creative team who had been behind Number 96. Meade played Norman Pendleton, the owner of the Health Studio in the shopping mall of the title. The series was a major ratings flop cancelled after six weeks on air. Meade also played roles in comedy feature films Les Patterson Saves the World (1987) and The Return of Captain Invincible (1983), and in television miniseries Poor Man's Orange (1987). Meade died on 23 January 2002 at Sydney's St Vincent's Hospital after a short battle with cancer, aged 77. He is survived by his daughter Amanda Meade a journalist at Guardian Australia.

## Filmography
### Films (selected)

| Title | Year | Role |
| The Dove | 1974 | South African Customs Officer |
| The Return of Captain Invincible | 1983 | Polish Salesman |
| Molly | 1983 | Singing professor |
| Les Patterson Saves the World | 1987 | Mustafa Toul |

### Telemovies and serials (selected)

| Title | Year | Role |
| This Is the Henry Hall Show (TV series) | 1957 | 2 episodes as himself |
| Vera Lynn Presents (TV series) | 1960 | 1 episode as himself |
| Number 96 (TV series) | 1977 | Manuel (8 episodes) |
| Arcade (TV series) | 1980 | Norman Pendleton (35 episodes) |
| Home Sweet Home (TV series) | 1981 | Giovannino Macari |
| Poor Man's Orange (TV miniseries) | 1987 | The Kidger (Part 1 and Part 2) |
| The Clean Machine (TV movie) | 1988 | Imad Hamoudi |
# Garth Norman

The Ven Garth Norman, (26 November 1938 - 17 November 2023) was Archdeacon of Bromley & Bexley from 1994 until 2003.
He was educated at Henry Mellish Grammar School, Durham University (BA, DipTh, MA), the University of East Anglia (MEd) and the University of Cambridge (PGCE). He was ordained in 1964.
He served his title at St Anne's Church, Wandsworth and Trunch with Swafield (1966–71), after which he was Team Rector in the Trunch Team Ministry (1971–83) and Rural Dean of Repps (1975–83).
After that he was Principal of the Chiltern Christian Training Scheme in the Diocese of Oxford from 1983 to 1988 as well as Assistant Curate of West Wycombe with Bledlow Ridge, Bradenham and Radnage (1983–87); and then Director of Training in the Diocese of Rochester from 1988 until his archdeaconal appointment.
In retirement he was Southwell & Nottingham Diocesan Chaplain to Retired Clergy (2004–09).
Norman died on 17 November 2023 in Cambridgeshire, aged 84.
# Gamasellus cooperi

Gamasellus cooperi is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.
# Miriam McKinnie

Miriam McKinnie (May 22, 1906– October 22, 1987) also known as Miriam McKinnie Hofmeier, was an American artist.

## Education

McKinnie was born in Evanston, Illinois. She attended the Minneapolis (MN) School of Fine Art and the Kansas City Art Institute, Kansas City, Missouri. She was a student of Anthony Angarola.

## Mural commissions

Murals were produced from 1934 to 1943 in the United States through the Section of Painting and Sculpture, later called the Section of Fine Arts, of the Treasury Department. The murals were intended to boost the morale of the American people suffering from the effects of the Depression by depicting uplifting subjects. Murals were commissioned through competitions open to all artists in the United States. Almost 850 artists were commissioned to paint 1371 murals, most of which were installed in post offices, libraries, and other public buildings. 162 of the artists were women. The murals were funded as a part of the cost of the construction with 1% of the cost set aside for artistic enhancements. McKinnie's mural work includes the oil-on-canvas mural titled Harvest in the Marshall, Illinois post office, commissioned by the Treasury Section of Fine Arts, and completed in 1938. McKinnie painted a WPA-commissioned mural in 1940 titled The White Fawn in the United States post office in the Forest Park, Illinois. The Edwardsville, Illinois public library contains four untitled murals donated by McKinnie in 1958 after a fire had destroyed some of the library's interior.
McKinnie was a member of the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors and later, under its new name the National Association of Women Artists. In the 1930s McKinnie was associated with the Ste. Genevieve Art Colony in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri. Her watercolor rendering of The White Fawn is in the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
McKinnie died on October 22, 1987, in Berryville, Arkansas.

## Exhibitions

   * St Louis, Missouri Artist Guild, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933
   * Midwestern Exhibition, Kansas City Art Institute, 1932.
   * St Louis, Missouri Post Dispatch Exhibit, 1933.
   * National Association of Women Painters & Sculptors, 1935, 1937, 1939.
   * Biennial, Corcoran Gallery, Washington, DC, 1947

## Awards

   * Prizes, St Louis, Missouri Arts Guild, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933
   * Silver medal/lithography, Kansas City (MO) Art Institute, 1932
   * Honorable Mention/lithography, Kansas City Art Institute, 1932.
   * Niedringhaus Prize for lithography, 1933
   * Prize, St Louis Missouri Dispatch Exhibit.
   * Prizes, National Association of Women Painters & Sculptors, New York City, 1935, 1937, 1939
# Gasteracantha clavigera

Gasteracantha clavigera is a species of spider in the spiny orb-weaver genus Gasteracantha.

## Distribution

Gasteracantha clavigera occurs in the Philippines. Dahl (1914) noted specimens from Manila and Samar and contemporary studies and observations report the species from several islands in the Philippines.
The original specimens described by Giebel had come to him labeled Siam, but he noted that the beetles in the same collection seemed like beetles from the Philippines and expressed doubt that the spider specimens had actually come from Thailand either. Dahl echoed his doubt and noted two additional specimens labeled only "Ostindien," a broad and old-fashioned German term that included lands from India to the Philippines and Indonesia.

## Description

Female G. clavigera possess two dramatic spines, each about twice as long (17–19 mm) as the width of the abdomen (8 mm), with curved, hairy, club-like ends and a ring of white hairs on the shaft of the spine just below each "club." Two pairs of much smaller spines arm the front and rear of the abdomen. The hardened, shell-like abdomen is yellow or white above with dark sigilla.

## Gasteracantha janopol

In a 1995 book titled Riceland Spiders of South and Southeast Asia, A.T. Barrion and J.A. Litsinger described a spider from Luzon that they named Gasteracantha janopol (named for Janopol Village). The species is currently accepted by the World Spider Catalog. Their description, measurements, and illustrations closely match 19th-century descriptions and figures of G. clavigera, but the authors do not reference G. clavigera nor explain how their specimen differs from it. Barrion and Litsinger's illustration does not show a white ring of hairs on the median spines, but Dahl noted in 1914 that earlier authors sometimes omitted that feature in their descriptions.
# Gaston Dutronquoy

Gaston Dutronquoy was a French hotelier, entrepreneur and photographer. He was active in Singapore from 1839 to the early 1850s. He was the first recorded resident photographer on the island.

## Early life

Dutronquoy was a native of Jersey.

## Career

He arrived in Singapore in May 1839 and advertised himself as a painter of houses and palanquins. Six months later, he opened the London Hotel in Commercial Square, which he ran with his wife. He moved the hotel to the Coleman House, the former residence of George Drumgoole Coleman, in late 1841. In the early 1840s, he arrived in Hong Kong and set up a hotel, which was also named the London Hotel, and a theatre. However, he left Hong Kong on 17 December 1842 and returned to Singapore due to "personal violence added to insult and abuse" which he claimed he had received the evening before.
He moved the hotel to a former residence of Edward Boustead at the corner of High Street and The Esplanade. He set up the Theatre Royal in the hotel's dining room with local actors enacting comedies. The theatre operated until 1845. In 1845, he opened the first photographic studio in Singapore in the London Hotel. The studio offered portrait-taking services at ten dollars for one person, and fifteen dollars for a couple. In 1851, he moved the hotel to the former residence of James Guthrie.

## Personal life and disappearance

Dutronquoy was married. His son, S. Dutronquoy, also became a hotelier, and opened a hotel, also named London Hotel, in 1858.
In the mid-1850s, he disappeared while searching for gold in the Muar River region. It was rumoured that he was murdered. His estate was dissolved in September 1857.
# Mister Charlie

Mister Charlie is a pejorative expression formerly used within the African-American community to refer to an imperious white man. Occasionally, it refers to a black man who is arrogant and perceived as "acting white". The term is sometimes written as Mr. Charlie, Mister Charley, or other variations. The expression is rarely used by young African-Americans in the 21st century.
The expression was in use during the 19th century, much like the female equivalent, Miss Ann. Miss Ann was an expression used among slaves to refer to the woman of the house, usually the wife of the slave owner, and any other white woman that the slaves had to serve. Mister Charlie was the slave owner, or any other white man exploiting, or being condescending towards, slaves.
Cassell's Dictionary of Slang (2005) argues that in the 1920s, "Mister Charlie" meant "any white man," but by the 1970s it had evolved to mean "the man in power."
In the 1960s the phrase was associated with the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and became nationally familiar. It appeared in the title of James Baldwin's play Blues for Mister Charlie (1964) and in the third verse of Malvina Reynolds's protest song "It Isn't Nice" (1967):
   We have tried negotiations / And the three-man picket line, / Mr. Charlie didn't see us / And he might as well be blind. / Now our new ways aren't nice / When we deal with men of ice, / But if that is Freedom's price, / We don't mind.
Also – and obliquely related to the African-American sense of usage as a pejorative – the rock band Grateful Dead performed an original song during their early (c. 1970–1973) band years entitled "Mr. Charlie". It appears only once on an official label LP release as a live track from their "Europe '72" triple album. The song was dropped from their live repertoire following the death of the song's co-creator and lead vocalist, Ron "Pigpen" McKernan. The song was re-added to the setlist of the current lineup of the Grateful Dead, Dead & Company, now being sung by John Mayer.
# Ophiacanthidae

Ophiacanthidae is a family of brittle stars. Axel Vilhelm Ljungman circumscribed this taxon in 1867; he initially named the subfamily Ophiacanthinae within the family Amphiuridae. Gordon L. J. Paterson promoted its rank to family in 1985.
As of 2020, genera include:
* Ophiacantha Müller & Troschel, 1842
* Ophiohamus O’Hara & Stöhr, 2006
* Brezinacantha Thuy et al., 2018