OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grwyne Fawr

The Grwyne Fawr is a river in the Brecon Beacons National Park in south Wales. A section of it forms the administrative border between Powys and Monmouthshire and also of the historic counties of Brecon and Monmouth. The river and its major tributary the Grwyne Fechan flow into the River Usk at Glangrwyney.
The name probably originates from gweryn or gwerynau and mawr/fawr meaning 'large river at the wet place'.
The Gwryne Fawr rises at Blaen Grwyne Fawr on the southern slopes of Rhos Dirion in the Black Mountains and follows a southeastward course for several miles, its flow interrupted by the presence of Grwyne Fawr Reservoir, the only waterbody within this range of hills. Some way below the reservoir, Mynydd Du Forest clothes the sides of the valley. Though a public road penetrates the valley as far as the north end of the forest, the valley is very sparsely populated. It is only approaching the hamlet of Partrishow that the valley takes on a farmed appearance. The river now heads west along a valley whose alignment is guided by the presence of a geological line of weakness known as the Neath Disturbance.
To the west, the Grwyne Fechan takes a parallel course to that of its larger neighbour. It rises on the southern slopes of Waun Fach and gathers a number of tributary streams from the broad ridge which separates it from the Grwyne Fawr. Though there are numerous conifer plantations, the valley has a more open aspect than that of the Grwyne Fawr.
The two rivers join near the village of Llanbedr and head south as the Grwyne Fawr through the hamlet of Llangenny to their confluence with the River Usk at Glangrwyney.

## Geology

Both the Grwyne Fawr and the Grwyne Fechan drain the Old Red Sandstone hills of the Black Mountains. These are the Brownstones and Senni Formations which date from the Breconian stage of the Devonian period. The sandstones and mudstones of these formations can frequently be seen in the beds of the two rivers and sometimes exposed in the often steep valley sides. The lower reaches of the river run through an area blanketed with glacial till, a legacy of the last ice age.

## History

The valley of the Grwyne Fawr, then known as "Coed Grano", was the site of the murder in 1136 of the Norman Marcher lord Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hereford, by the Welsh under Iorwerth ab Owain and his brother Morgan, grandsons of Caradog ap Gruffydd. This resulted in a period of conflict between the Welsh and English in south Wales.
The Grwyne Fawr Reservoir was built primarily between 1919 and 1928, although an earlier start had been made in 1912.
# I-adic topology

In commutative algebra, the mathematical study of commutative rings, adic topologies are a family of topologies on the underlying set of a module, generalizing the p-adic topologies on the integers.

## Definition

Let R be a commutative ring and M an R-module. Then each ideal 𝔞 of R determines a topology on M called the 𝔞-adic topology, characterized by the pseudometric $d(x,y)=2^{-\sup {\{n\mid x-y\in {\mathfrak {a}}^{n}M\}}}.$ The family $\{x+{\mathfrak {a}}^{n}M:x\in M,n\in \mathbb {Z} ^{+}\}$ is a basis for this topology.
An 𝔞-adic topology is a linear topology (a topology generated by some submodules).

## Properties

With respect to the topology, the module operations of addition and scalar multiplication are continuous, so that M becomes a topological module. However, M need not be Hausdorff; it is Hausdorff if and only if$\bigcap _{n>0}{{\mathfrak {a}}^{n}M}=0{\text{,}}$so that d becomes a genuine metric. Related to the usual terminology in topology, where a Hausdorff space is also called separated, in that case, the 𝔞-adic topology is called separated.
By Krull's intersection theorem, if R is a Noetherian ring which is an integral domain or a local ring, it holds that $\bigcap _{n>0}{{\mathfrak {a}}^{n}}=0$ for any proper ideal 𝔞 of R. Thus under these conditions, for any proper ideal 𝔞 of R and any R-module M, the 𝔞-adic topology on M is separated.
For a submodule N of M, the canonical homomorphism to M/N induces a quotient topology which coincides with the 𝔞-adic topology. The analogous result is not necessarily true for the submodule N itself: the subspace topology need not be the 𝔞-adic topology. However, the two topologies coincide when R is Noetherian and M finitely generated. This follows from the Artin-Rees lemma.

## Completion

When M is Hausdorff, M can be completed as a metric space; the resulting space is denoted by ${\widehat {M}}$ and has the module structure obtained by extending the module operations by continuity. It is also the same as (or canonically isomorphic to): ${\widehat {M}}=\varprojlim M/{\mathfrak {a}}^{n}M$ where the right-hand side is an inverse limit of quotient modules under natural projection.
For example, let $R=k[x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]$ be a polynomial ring over a field k and 𝔞 = (x$_1$, ..., x$_n$) the (unique) homogeneous maximal ideal. Then ${\hat {R}}=k[[x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]]$, the formal power series ring over k in n variables.

## Closed submodules

The 𝔞-adic closure of a submodule $N\subseteq M$ is N$^¯$=⋂$_{n>0}$(N+a$^n$M).{\textstyle {\overline {N}}=\bigcap _{n>0}{(N+{\mathfrak {a}}^{n}M)}{\text{.}}} This closure coincides with N whenever R is 𝔞-adically complete and M is finitely generated.
R is called Zariski with respect to 𝔞 if every ideal in R is 𝔞-adically closed. There is a characterization:
    R is Zariski with respect to 𝔞 if and only if 𝔞 is contained in the Jacobson radical of R.
In particular a Noetherian local ring is Zariski with respect to the maximal ideal.
# Alberto Augusto

Alberto João Augusto (born 31 July 1898 in Lisbon - died 1973) was a Portuguese footballer who played as forward.
His brother, Artur Augusto, was also a Portugal international footballer.
Alberto Augusto was the first ever scorer for Portugal, scoring their only goal in a 3-1 loss to Spain.
# Limnonectes macrognathus

Limnonectes macrognathus is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in Malaysia, Myanmar and Thailand. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, rivers and intermittent rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.
# Electoral district of Oatlands

The electoral district of Oatlands was a single-member electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. Its population centre was the town of Oatlands to the north of Hobart.
The seat was created ahead of the Assembly's first election held in 1856, and was abolished at the 1903 election, when it was merged with the neighbouring seats of Campbell Town and the northern part of Glamorgan into the new district of Cambria.

## Members for Oatlands

| Member | Term |
| Henry Anstey | 1856–1859 |
| James MacLanachan | 1859–1862 |
| James Lord | 1862–1871 |
| George Wilson | 1871–1876 |
| Alfred Pillinger | 1876–1899 |
| William Burbury | 1899–1903 |
# Petre Dimovski

Petre Dimovski (born 1946 in Brod, Bitola, Macedonia) is a Macedonian narrator, novelist and monodrama author.

## Biography

Petre Dimovski was born 1946 in Brod, Bitola, Macedonia. He finished his primary school in village Bac and his secondary education in Bitola. After he had finished his secondary edition he immigrated to Australia where he stayed until 1969. After his return he enrolled at the Faculty of Philology in Skopje where he graduated in 1975. Then he worked as journalist. He participated in the work of editorship of the magazine Razvitok as prose editor and he is chief and executive editor of the magazine Rast. He is a member of the Macedonian Scientific Association from Bitola and the Macedonian Writers Association and he is president of Bitola Literature Circle. At the moment he is a professor in Bitola.

## Published works

* Turning points (stories 1973)
* Thrust and heats (stories 1994)
* Plamenka (novel 1996)
* Reserve secret (novel 1997)
* Wings (novel 1998)
* The son of the cell (novel 2000)
* Not his own (mono drama 2002)
* The black cat (stories 2002)
* Balkan devil (novel 2004)
* The big adventure (novel 2007)
* Search of the roots (novel 2008)
He was a composer of the Children story anthology in Macedonian literature by the Government of The Republic of Macedonia.

## Awards

* Story of the Sightless Horse Nova Macedonia Award (1971)
* Turning Points winner of Literary youth, and nomination for Federation award Mladost.
* 4 November Award, for the book Thrust and Heats,
* BID Misirkov Award for novel Plamenka and award for novel The Son of the Cell by the same publisher
* Festival of Monodrama Award for Not his own
* Trend Award of the publishing house Feniks for novel Balkan Devil,
* Vanco Nikoleski Award from Macedonian Writers Association for novel The Big Adventure
* TV Orbis Award for novel Search of the Roots
# Çöteli, Elâzığ

Çöteli is a village in the Elazığ District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 198 (2021).
# Korean fighting fan

The Korean war fan (mubuchae; Hangul: 무부채) was a Korean martial arts weapon that originated in the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. Swords and similar weapons were banned from most people during this time which created a desire for weapons that could be held in plain sight without arousing suspicion. They became most popular among the chungin (middle class) and yangban (upper class).
Craftsmen discovered a way of taking the "pak dahl" wood, an extremely resilient birch tree that thrived in the ice storms and harsh seasons of Korea's mountainous peninsula, and tempering it to a hardness that could resist the edged weapons typical of the era.

## Variations

Following traditions of weaponry at the time, Korean combative fans were often built with unique features chosen by their wielder and bore many possible combinations. Some adherents of Kuk Sool Won (guksulwon, 국술원, 國術院) practice the same ancient techniques yet with less-lethal equipment (i.e. smaller fans designed for dancers as opposed to the heavier, massive combat fans).
Some combative fan users wove flexible metal ribbons along the outermost edge for cutting power, while others preferred feathers that hid finger-sized razor blades, which could cut deeply upon raking the fan's edge along a target. Other fans were designed to hold vials of poison or were used to conceal other weapons such as propelled daggers which could be released upon snapping the fan open, a technique a few modern martial artists are said to still practice and cultivate.
Poison fans often hid deadly or stunning concoctions in small bladders or sacs which could be released upon spreading the fan open, allowing the user to gently direct a gust of irritants and toxins at their opponent over short distances.
Folklore and hearsay also suggests traveling merchants who possessed fans that had small compartments built into the cloth folds between the vanes of the fan, which held tiny explosive pellets that upon striking a surface would create a bright and dazzling flash of light.
# Neill W. Macaulay Jr.

Neill W. Macaulay Jr. (April 10, 1935 in South Carolina – October 28, 2007 in Micanopy, Florida) was a writer, professor and a former lieutenant in Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement Army.
Prof. Macaulay was a graduate of the University of Texas and The Citadel and served two years with the U.S. Army in the Korean War where he managed the PX. After his army service, Macaulay joined the Cuban Revolution in 1958, to overthrow Fulgencio Batista. As Castro's forces closed in on Havana, in December 1958 Macaulay started training firing squads and was promoted to lieutenant. Members of Macaulay's unit included Rafael del Pino, who became chief of Cuba's air force, but later defected. After the revolution, Cuba gave Macaulay a tomato farm and he profitably shipped one crop to Pompano Beach, Florida. However, in 1961, when Castro announced intentions to control exports, he left for the U.S. where he had to fight a legal battle to retain his U.S. citizenship.
Macaulay then earned a doctorate from the University of Texas and began teaching at the University of Florida (1964-1986) where he became known as an expert in Latin American history. He retired from teaching in 1986.
Macaulay authored The Sandino Affair (1967) (a study of Nicaraguan resistance to U.S. occupation in the 1920-30s), A Rebel in Cuba (1970), The Prestes Column (1974) and Dom Pedro: the struggle for liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798–1834 (1986, ISBN 978-0-8223-0681-8). He co-authored with David Bushnell The Emergence of Latin America in the Nineteenth Century (1988, 2nd: 1994, ISBN 0195084020). He returned to Cuba in 1991, after being repeatedly denied entry by the Castro government. He later made various other trips as an academic. Macaulay's experiences in Cuba helped inspire two documentaries Cuba: A Lifetime of Passion (2007) and Patria o Muerte (still in production).
# Gepida

Gepida is a Hungarian manufacturer of bicycles established in 1996. It takes its name from the Gepids, an East Germanic tribe.
Among its products are electric bicycles, including the Gepida Reptila 1000, released in Autumn 2010. Its bicycles have been reviewed by various organisations and publications.

## History

The history of Olimpia Kft., the distributor of Gepida bikes, began in 1993 in a small garage. At first, bicycles were imported from Italy. In 1998, they participated in the Cologne World Expo. Subsequently, Gepida was bought by Olimpia Kft. This was in Budapest XVI district, from where the company operates to this day. By the end of the millennium, the palette had been expanded, and the brand started to spread abroad. In 2008, the first electric bicycle was launched. Nowadays, it is recognized in Hungary and Europe. The popularity of the brand is also reflected in the growing presence of Gepida bikes in the more famous bicycle races. The popularity of bicycles is further enhanced by the manufacturer's lifelong warranty on the bicycle frame.
# 1,2-DCE

1,2-DCE may refer to:
* 1,2-Dichloroethane (EDC)
* 1,2-Dichloroethene
# Peter Francis Geraci

Peter Francis Geraci is a prominent Chicago-based bankruptcy attorney. He is a graduate of Foreman High School, DePaul University and DePaul University College of Law, and is a lifelong resident of Chicago. Geraci's great-grandfather, Francis A. Hoffmann, was corporation counsel for Chicago in the 1880s. His great-great grandfather, Francis A. Hoffmann, was a founder of the Republican Party, and lieutenant governor of Illinois during the Civil War, having been elected on Abraham Lincoln’s ticket in 1860.

## Practice

Peter Francis Geraci is admitted to practice law before the Supreme Courts of Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, New York, Florida, California and Michigan.

## Companies

Geraci is the founder of Geraci Law, L.L.C., the largest consumer bankruptcy firm in the country. Geraci Law, L.L.C. has about 80 attorneys practicing in Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin, with over 30 locations. TV commercials for Geraci Law's bankruptcy services have become an example of urban culture associated with Chicago.
Peter Francis Geraci is the CEO of Professional Financial Guidance, L.L.C., an online provider of debtor education for consumer bankruptcy.

## Writing

Geraci authored the 1989 book The Bankruptcy Solution: The Insiders' Guide to Bankruptcy and How It Can Help You! He also offers a revised version of the book online for free.
# Álvaro Magalhães (writer)

Álvaro Magalhães (Portuguese pronunciation:; born 1951 in Porto) is a Portuguese writer. In 1982 he published his first book, História com muitas letras. Since then, Álvaro Magalhães wrote many other stories. His most prominent work, in literature, however, is the series of books Triângulo Jota. These books are about three children, Jorge, Joana and Joel who solve crimes with paranormal contours. Álvaro Magalhães also received the award Grande Prémio Calouste Gulbenkian de Literatura para Crianças e Jovens 2002 for his book Hipopóptimos – Uma História de Amor.
# Anales de la Real Sociedad Española de Química

The Anales de la Real Sociedad Española de Química is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal in chemistry. It is the successor of Anales de Química and has been published by the Royal Spanish Society of Chemistry (Real Sociedad Española de Química) since 1999.
# 2017 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships – Men's VL1

The men's VL1 competition at the 2017 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Račice took place at the Sportcentrum Račice.

## Schedule

The schedule was as follows:
| Date | Time | Round |
| Wednesday 23 August 2017 | 15:00 | Final |
All times are Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)

## Results

With fewer than ten competitors entered, this event was held as a direct final.
| Rank | Name | Country | Time |
| | Luis Cardoso da Silva | Brazil | 55.356 |
| | Róbert Suba | Hungary | 58.617 |
| | Pavel Gromov | Russia | 59.689 |
| 4 | Jakub Tokarz | Poland | 1:00.028 |
| 5 | Artur Chuprov | Russia | 1:06.306 |
# Fine-banded woodpecker

The fine-banded woodpecker (Campethera taeniolaema) is a species of bird in the family Picidae. It is found from eastern Congo to Kenya and Tanzania.
# Limnodriloides sacculus

Limnodriloides sacculus is a species of clitellate oligochaete worm, first found in Belize, on the Caribbean side of Central America.
# 1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene

cis-1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene (dppv) is an organophosphorus compound with the formula C$_2$H$_2$(PPh$_2$)$_2$ (Ph = C$_6$H$_5$). Both the cis and trans isomers are known, but the cis isomer is of primary interest. Classified as a diphosphine ligand, it is a bidentate ligand in coordination chemistry. For example it gives rise to the complex Ni(dppv)$_2$ and the coordination polymer [Ni(dppv)]$_n$. As a chelating ligand, dppv is very similar to 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene.
The diphosphine is prepared by reaction of lithium diphenylphosphide with cis-dichloroethylene.
    2 LiPPh$_2$ + C$_2$H$_2$Cl$_2$ → C$_2$H$_2$(PPh$_2$)$_2$ + 2 LiCl
trans-1,2-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene is made similarly, but using trans-dichloroethylene.
# Harold Stevens (civil servant)

Sir Harold Samuel Eaton Stevens KCIE, CSI, MC (29 November 1892 – 23 July 1969) was an Indian Civil Service officer and the last British Chief Secretary of the Bengal Presidency.

## Career

Educated at George Heriot's School and the University of Edinburgh, Stevens joined the Indian Civil Service in 1920, rising to become Chief Secretary of Bengal in October 1944. He was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) in the 1947 Birthday Honours list.
# Karolina Goliat

Karolina Goliat (born 25 October 1996) is a Belgian female volleyball player. She is a member of the Belgium women's national volleyball team.
She was part of the Belgian national team at the 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix,
She is of Polish descent. Her father Wiesław Goliat was a Polish national handball team player, her mother Jadwiga Wojciechowska was a Polish national volleyball team player.

## Clubs

| Club | From | To |
| Belgium Asterix Kieldrecht | 2010-2011 | 2011-2012 |
| Belgium Topsportschool Volleybal | 2012-2013 | 2012-2013 |
| Belgium VDK Gent Dames | 2013-2014 | 2014-2015 |
| Italy Volley Towers | 2015-2016 | 2015-2016 |
| Poland Atom Trefl Sopot | 2016-2017 | 2016-2017 |
| France AS Saint-Raphaël | 2017-2018 | … |
# Analetia

Analetia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Analetia micacea (Hampson, 1891)
# Wolverine (automobile company)

The Wolverine car was made by the Reid Manufacturing Company of Detroit, US from 1904 to 1905. The prototype was designed by Walter L. Marr. A test drive by Cycle and Automobile Journal reported that the car was good. In 1906 the company moved to Dundee, Michigan, and changed its name to Wolverine Automobile & Commercial Company of Dundee. where it closed in 1908.
This make was superseded by the Craig-Toledo.

## Models

| Model(year) | Engine | HP | Wheelbase | Transmission |
| Model C(1904–1905) | 4-cylinder | 15 | 82" | 3-speed |
| Model D(1904–1905) | 2-cylinder | 26 | 88" | 3-speed |
| Model G(1906) | 2-cylinder | 10 | 72" | 3-speed |
| Model F(1906) | 2-cylinder | 18 | 88" | 3-speed |
| Model E(1906) | 4-cylinder | 40 | 88" | 3-speed |
# IPO11

Importin-11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IPO11 gene.
# Șoimari

Șoimari is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Lopatnița, Măgura, and Șoimari.
# Kanika

Kanika may refer to:

## People

* Kanika (name), a common Indian given name, from Hindi or Sanskrit
* Kaniha or Kanika (born 1982), Indian film actress who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema

## Other uses

* Kaniha, Kamrup, a village in Assam in India
* Kanika Chorten, a stupa located in Sani Monastery
* Kanika Jamavar, a high end variety of Jamavar shawl
* Kanika (film), an Indian revenge/horror film
* Kanika (food), an Indian rice dish
# Lillian (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Brainwashed | favorable |
| The Daily Barometer | favorable |
| Dusted Magazine | favorable |
| Exclaim! | favorable |
| Okayplayer | 50/100 |
| Orlando Weekly | favorable |
| SF Weekly | favorable |
| The Skinny | |
| XLR8R | favorable |
Lillian is the only collaborative studio album by Alias (Brendon Whitney) & Ehren (Ehren Whitney). It was released on Anticon in 2005. The album is named after their grandmother.

## Critical reception

Marisa Brown of AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5, saying: "There's never a climax or any kind of resolution; rather, it's just the fading in and out of ideas, but despite the fact that the formula becomes apparent after a few songs, nothing ever gets boring." She called it "a troubling, sweet record that's more than willing to immerse itself in abstraction and a lack of clarity, stimulating thought instead of giving distinct answers, which makes it quite a powerful accomplishment." Rachel Devitt of SF Weekly said: "With a benevolent, knowing touch, sponsors Alias and Ehren gently guide their wards into their new lives as functioning members of ambient, beat-driven hip hop."

## Personnel

Credits adapted from liner notes.
* Alias – guitar, sampler, keyboards, drum programming, production, arrangement, recording, mixing, photography
* Ehren – alto saxophone, soprano saxophone, flute, clarinet, keyboards, drum programming, photography
* Jeremy Goody – mastering
* Baillie Parker – executive production
* Roger Bacon – art direction
# Ynares

Ynares may refer to:

## Places in the Philippines

* Casimiro A. Ynares Sr, Memorial National High School, a public high school in Rizal
* Don Jose M. Ynares Sr. Memorial National High School, a public high school in Rizal
* Ynares Center, an indoor arena in Rizal
* Ynares Sports Arena, an indoor arena in Metro Manila

## People with the surname Ynares

* Casimiro "Jun" Ynares III (born 1973), mayor of Antipolo, and former governor of Rizal
* Consuelo Ynares-Santiago (born 1939), former associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
* Nina Ynares (born 1970), governor of Rizal
* Rebecca Ynares (born 1949), former governor of Rizal
# Peter Wellington (director)

Peter Wellington is a Canadian film and television director. His films have included Joe's So Mean to Josephine, for which he won the Claude Jutra Award in 1996, Luck (2003) and Cottage Country (2013).
Wellington has also directed the television series Slings and Arrows and episodes of the series 18 to Life (including its pilot), Traders, Exhibit A: Secrets of Forensic Science, The Eleventh Hour, Rent-a-Goalie, Being Erica, Single White Spenny, Rookie Blue, Saving Hope and Kim's Convenience.
His brother David also works in film and television, and has directed eight episodes of the Canadian supernatural medical drama Saving Hope.
# Aleksander Kan

Aleksander Sergeevich Kan (31 October 1925 - 22 January 2017) was a Russian born historian and professor at Uppsala University in Sweden.

## Biography

Aleksander Kan was born in Moscow. During World War II he served as an interpreter in the Soviet Army 1944 – 1945. In the Soviet Union he wrote several books about the history of Scandinavia from a Marxist standpoint. He emigrated with his family to Sweden in 1987 with help from the Swedish Prime Minister Ingvar Carlsson, and became a Swedish citizen in 1992.
He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.