OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Menegazzia ramulicola

Menegazzia ramulicola is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Australia, the species was described as new to science by Australian lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas in 2012. The type specimen was collected in Mount Field National Park (Tasmania) at an altitude of 1,030 m (3,380 ft), where it was growing on the Tasmanian endemic plant narrow leaf orites (Orites revolutus) in a woodland. The specific epithet ramulicola refers to its usual habitat, young twigs.
The medulla of Menegazzia ramulicola contains stictic acid and lecanoric acid. It has a compact thallus that envelops twigs, and has few perforations (these perforations are typically a characteristic feature of genus Menegazzia).
# North Leeward

13°18′N 61°12′W﻿ / ﻿13.3°N 61.2°W﻿ / 13.3; -61.2
North Leeward is a Vincentian Parliamentary constituency. It has been represented by Roland Matthews since 2010.

## 2015 Election

| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Citation |
| New Democratic Party | Roland Matthews | 2267 | 50.13 | |
| Unity Labour Party | Carlos James | 2255 | 49.87 | |
# Fombrun

Fombrun is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gérard Fombrun (1927–2015), Haitian architect, construction engineer, and sculptor
* Odette Roy Fombrun (1917–2022), Haitian writer and intellectual
# Fomena

Fomena is a small town and the capital of the Adansi North District. The town is the seat of the paramount chief of the Adansi traditional council. The town is known as the place where the Fomena treaty was signed.

## History

In 1820, Joseph Dupuis recorded Fomena as a village of humble size. Throughout the 19th century, it underwent major growth under the Ashanti Empire. By 1875, Fomena served as the capital of one of the constituent territories of the Ashanti metropolitan area.

## Education

The town have only one high school, T.I. Ahmadiyya Senior High School. The school is a second cycle institution. The town also has a nursing training institution, the Community Health Nurses Training College.

## Economy

Much of the residents in the town engage in agriculture. Some of the crops cultivated include maize, rice and cocoa beans.

## Health

The town and the district as a whole have been dealing with a lack of proper health facilities even since being settled. To combat this, the government of Ghana began work on a new hospital with the help of 175 million dollars in 2014. After years of inactivity, the Adansi North District Hospital was finally completed in 2023.

## Treaty of Fomena

The Treaty of Komena was an agreement between the Ashanti Empire and the British sometime in February of 1874. The treaty was signed in the town of Fomena. The treaty's goal was to bring peace between the two powers after weeks of fighting. It resulted in the Ashanti Empire paying 50,000 ounces of gold and giving up much of its power, playing a role in the state's collapse.
# Varin

Varin may refer to:

## People

* Charles Varin (1798–1869), French playwright
* Jean-Baptiste Varin (1810–1899), Canadian politician
* Jean Varin (1604–1672), French sculptor and engraver
* Quentin Varin (circa 1570–1634), French painter
* Robert A. Varin (born 1946), Polish-Canadian materials scientist and mechanical engineer

## Places
### Canada

* Zec Varin, a controlled harvesting zone in Quebec, Canada

### Cambodia

* Varin District, a district of Siem Reap Province, Cambodia

### France

* Battenans-Varin, a commune located in the Department of Doubs

### Iran

* Fileh Varin, a village in Qazvin, Iran
* Varin-e Bala, a village in Markazi Province, Iran
* Varin-e Pain, a village in Markazi Province, Iran

### Russia

* Novy Varin, a village in Bryansk Oblast, Russia

### Slovakia

* Varín, a village and municipality in Žilina District, Slovakia
# Vattirayan

Vattirayan is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province.
# Nototriton abscondens

Nototriton abscondens is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica where it is found in Cordillera de Tilarán and Cordillera Central.
Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# Vasile Aaron

Vasile Aaron (Romanian pronunciation:; 1770—1822) was an ethnic Romanian lawyer and poet who lived in the Austrian Empire.
Born in Glogoveț, Alba County, he attended high school in Blaj, followed by Law studies in Cluj. Moving to Sibiu to work as a lawyer, he became known for taking on cases where he defended Romanians. He earned even greater renown thanks to his popular poetry. Among his works are Piram și Tisbe and Narcis (1808), both after Ovid's Metamorphoses; Patimile Domnului nostru Isus Christos (1808), a verse retelling of the Passion of Christ; Leonat și Dorofata (1815), a satirical poem against drunkenness; Anul cel mǎnos (1820), a didactic poem; and Istoria lui Sofronim și Haritei (1821), also in verse. Among the works left unpublished at his death were a translation of Virgil's Aeneid and part of his Eclogues.
# Daniel W. Brown

Daniel W. Brown is the author of the books A New Introduction to Islam (in its 3rd edition as of 2017), Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought (1999). As of 2020 is under contract to write Muhammad Iqbal, (Makers of the Muslim World series) and is the editor of The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith - Wiley Blackwell Companions to Religion (2020). He became Director of the Institute for the Study of Religion in the Middle East (ISRME) in Istanbul in 2011 and remains so as of 2020.
Brown was born and spent his first 18 years in Pakistan. He received a PhD in Islamic Studies in 1993 and has done research or been a visiting professor at Islamic Research Institute, (Islamabad); Cairo University, Cairo; Mount Holyoke College; Smith College; and the Institute for Middle East Studies, Arab Baptist Theological Seminary, Beirut.
# Notaris puncticollis

Notaris puncticollis is a species of marsh weevil in the beetle family Brachyceridae.

## Habitat

Notaris puncticollis mainly lives in wetlands. The range of this species is boreal transcontinental.
# Merete Erbou Laurent

Merete Erbou Laurent (born 1949) is a Danish weaver and textile artist. Since the 1970s, she has specialized in weaving paper yarn to produce brightly coloured floor rugs, runners and carpets but more recently has used wool for her rugs. From 1983 to 2006, she was editor-in-chief of the Danish arts and crafts journal Dansk Kunsthåndværk and from 2011 to 2017 served as chair of the Danish designers' association Danske Kunsthåndværkere & Designere.

## Biography

Born on 26 January 1949 in Randers, Merete Erbou Laurent is the daughter of Carsten Gylling Erbou (1923–1998), a farmer, and Helga Kirkegaard (born 1926). The eldest of four children, she was brought up in a farming household near Hadsten in Central Jutland. She learnt to weave at home from an early age and acquired her own loom when she was 16. From 1966 to 1970, she studied handicrafts under at the Jutland Art Academy in Aarhus, specializing in weaving under Anna Thommesen.
In 1969, she married the painter Erik Laurent (born 1942) and moved to Thy with whom she had two children. When the marriage was dissolved in 1977, she moved with her children to a collective community in Djursland. There she met her second husband, the editor and publisher Martin Kristen Schultz (born 1950) with whom she later had two children. From 1985, at exhibitions throughout Denmark, she presented her rugs which typically were decorated with geometric designs in clear but pale colours.
In the early 1980s, Erbou Laurent joined the Danish handicrafts association Danske Kunsthåndværkere. From 1983 she began to contribute to the association's journal Dansk Kunsthåndværk, becoming editor in 1986. Under her influence, its scope was extended to cover a wide range of interests, including textiles, ceramics, jewellery and their combinations. From 2011 to 2017 she chaired the Danish designers' association Danske Kunsthåndværkere & Designere.
# Force (song)

"Force" is a song by Japanese rock unit Superfly. It is a song from the album of the same name, serving as its title track. It is being released as a re-cut single on October 31, 2012. The song, on its own, is used as the theme song for the TV Asahi drama Doctor X, and as a radio single reached 46 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.
# Daniel Hodgdon

Daniel Russell Hodgdon was an American college administrator, better known for his series of science books for young people. He was born on April 13, 1885, in Winthrop, Maine. He was a co-founder and later the President of New Jersey Institute of Technology (called at the time Newark College of Engineering) from 1918 until 1920. In 1920 he became the president of Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital and then Valparaiso University in Indiana. He resigned abruptly from Valparaiso on April 25, 1921, telling the trustees that "The university is a hotbed of Bolshevism, communism and other cults, and nothing we could do to thwart their propaganda has been of any avail because of inside influences."
Hodgdon was an author and co-author of the Creative Science Series of textbooks published by Hinds, Hayden & Eldredge, Inc., between 1919 and 1939, such as Junior General Science, Elementary General Science (1919) and Everyman's Science. Hodgdon died in Santa Barbara, California, on March 7, 1957.
# Mesembrinella socors

Mesembrinella socors is a species of fly in the family Mesembrinellidae. It is found in Mexico.
# Mertensia maritima

Mertensia maritima is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, and is known by the common names oyster leaf in North America, oyster plant in the British Isles, and sea bluebells.
It is restricted to gravelly sea shores, usually within reach of the highest winter tides in the Northern Hemisphere, reaching north to the northern parts of Canada, Greenland and Svalbard.
It is a perennial herb producing a stem approaching 50 centimeters in maximum length. The inflorescence forms a cluster of flowers which are first reddish, and later bright blue.

## Description

Mertensia maritima is known as the oyster leaf or oyster plant because it gives off a faint smell of mushrooms and when eaten it tastes vaguely of oysters. The chemical that gives this plant the oyster-like odour when its leaves are crushed is dimethyl sulphide, a compound that is noted for being a major part of the odour profile of raw oysters. . It is native to Britain and Northern Europe; however, populations in the British Isles are decreasing. There are two other varieties that exist:
* M. maritima var. tenella is found in Canada and Spitzbergen
* M. maritima var. asiatica is found in Alaska and Northeastern Asia
This plant grows on sand or shingle beaches where the ground can be siliceous or calcareous, and contains humus from decaying seaweed. It mainly grows in a sub-Arctic climate and is exposed to very cold temperatures, waves that crash on the shore and strong winds. Since the plant grows in a cold climate, the seeds remain dormant. Skarpaas and Stabbetorp noted that a cold period (about 2 °C (36 °F)) was needed to break this dormancy.
# Forbidden to the Public

Forbidden to the Public (French: Interdit au public) is a 1949 French comedy film directed by Alfred Pasquali and starring Jacques Erwin, Mary Marquet and Jacqueline Gauthier.

## Cast

* Jacques Erwin as Hervé Montagne
* Mary Marquet as Gabrielle Tristan
* José Noguero as Pepito Pajo
* Michel Roux as Pierre
* Jacqueline Gauthier as Gisèle
* Mona Goya as Nicole
* Alfred Pasquali as Saturnin
* Serge Nadaud as Korninoff
* Jeanne Longuet as the secretary
* Hubert Noël as Bernard
* Maxime Fabert as Robert
* Camille Fournier as Lucienne
* Jean Marsan as the actor
* Monique Gérard as an actress
* Tania Soucault as an actress
* Christiane Auger as an actress
* Simone Duhart as an actress
# Merico language

Merico or Americo-Liberian (or the informal colloquial name "American") is an English-based creole language spoken until recently in Liberia by Americo-Liberians, descendants of original settlers, freed slaves, and African Americans who emigrated from the United States between 1821 and the 1870s. It is distinguished from Liberian Kreyol and from Kru, and may be connected to Gullah and Jamaican Creole.
The original settlers numbered 19,000 in 1860. By 1975 the language was partly decreolized, restricted to informal settings.

## Grammatical features

Plurals are unmarked, as in rak "rock", "rocks", or marked with a -dɛ̃ suffix, as in rak-dɛ̃ "rocks". The verb expressing "to be" is sʌ, as in shi sʌ smo "she is small", but adjectives may be used without it, as in hi big "he is big". Verbs are not inflected for past tense.
Separate particles are used to indicate some verb tenses:
* ɛ̃ for negation (ai ɛ̃ æs di chææ "I didn't ask the child"),
* dɘ or lɛ for continuing action (hi dɘ spiish "he is talking at great length", shi lɛ kræ "she is crying"),
* wu for future (wi wu kʌ̃ "we will come"),
* dɔ̃ or nɔ̃ for completed action (de dɔ̃ go dædɘdwe "they have gone that way", lilpis nɔ̃ lɛf "not a little piece was left")
The pronouns include:
* Subject: ai/a, yu/yɔ/yo, hi/i, shi, wi, de/dɛ̃
* Object: mi, yu, hi/hĩ, hɔ, wi/ɔs, dɛ̃'
* Possessive: mʌ/mi, yu/yo, hi/i, shi/hɔ, ou, dɛ
# Mericitabine

Mericitabine (RG-7128) is an antiviral drug, a deoxycytidine analog (a type of nucleoside analog). It was developed as a treatment for hepatitis C, acting as a NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor, but while it showed a good safety profile in clinical trials, it was not sufficiently effective to be used as a stand-alone agent. However mericitabine has been shown to boost the efficacy of other antiviral drugs when used alongside them, and as most modern treatment regimens for hepatitis C use a combination therapy of several antiviral drugs, clinical trials have continued to see if it can form a part of a clinically useful drug treatment program.
# Dankerode

Dankerode is a village and a former municipality in the district of Harz, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 August 2009, it is part of the town Harzgerode. It lies in the Unterharz, the eastern region of the Harz mountains, at an elevation of 420 m above the valley of the Wipper and has over 1000 years of rich history.
# Mew (surname)

Mew is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charlotte Mew (1869–1928), English poet
* Chris Mew (born 1961), Australian rules footballer
* Darren James Mew (born 1975), English music producer
* Darren Mew (born 1979), British swimmer
* John Mew (born 1928), British orthodontist
* Jack Mew (1889–1963), English football goalkeeper
* James Mew (1837–1913), English lawyer and biographer
* Peter Mew, British audio engineer
* Scarlett Mew Jensen, British diver
* William Mew (1602–c. 1669), English clergyman, playwright and beekeeper
# Methanogenium boonei

Methanogenium boonei is a methanogenic archaean. Cells are non-motile irregular cocci 1.0–2.5 μm in diameter. This mesophile grows optimally at 19.4 °C, pH6.4–7.8, salinity 0.3–0.5M Na$^+$. It was first isolated from Skan Bay, Alaska.

## Description and metabolism

The cells are irregular and coccoid in shape, non-motile, approximately 1.0–2.5 μm in diameter. These mesophiles grow optimally at a temperature of 19.4 °C, pH 6.4–7.8 and salinity of 0.3–0.5 M Na$^+$. This is a strictly anaerobic species, and individuals can use carbon dioxide with hydrogen or formate as substrates to produce methane.
# Methanogens in digestive tract of ruminants

Methanogens are a group of microorganisms that produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolism. They play an important role in the digestive system of ruminants. The digestive tract of ruminants contains four major parts: rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The food with saliva first passes to the rumen for breaking into smaller particles and then moves to the reticulum, where the food is broken into further smaller particles. Any indigestible particles are sent back to the rumen for rechewing. The majority of anaerobic microbes assisting the cellulose breakdown occupy the rumen and initiate the fermentation process. The animal absorbs the fatty acids, vitamins and nutrient content on passing the partially digested food from the rumen to the omasum. This decreases the pH level and initiates the release of enzymes for further breakdown of the food which later passes to the abomasum to absorb remaining nutrients before excretion. This process takes about 9–12 hours.
Some of the microbes in the ruminant digestive system are:
* Fibrobacter (Bacteroides) succinogenes is a gram negative, cellulolytic and amylolytic methanogen that produces formates, acetates and succinates.
* Ruminococcus albus is a cellulolytic, xylanolytic bacterium producing ethanol, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, formates and acetates.
* Ruminococcus flavefaciens is a cellulolytic, xylanolytic bacteria producing formates, acetates, hydrogen and succinates.
* Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens is a proteolytic, cellulolytic, xylanolytic microbe producing lactate, butyrate, ethanol, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, formates and acetates.
* Streptococcus bovis is an amylolytic, major soluble sugar fermenter, proteolytic, microbe resulting in lactate, acetate and formate.
* Ruminobacter (Bacteroides) amylophilus amylolytic, propionate, proteolytic, organism that forms, formates, acetates and succinates.
* Prevotella (Bacteroides) ruminocola amylolytic, xylanolytic, propionate, proteolytic, microbe that creates, formates, acetates, succinates and propionate.
* Succinimonas amylolytica amylolytic, dextrinolytic, bacteria forming acetates and succinates.
* Selenomonas ruminantium amylolytic, major soluble sugar fermenter, glycerol-utilizing, lactate-utilizing, proteolytic, microbe producing acetates, lactates, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and propionates.
* Lachnospira multiparus propionate, proteolytic, A microbe that results in production of lactate, ethanol, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, formates and acetates.
* Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens propionate, dextrinolytic, bacteria forming formates, acetates, lactates and succinates
* Methanobrevibacter ruminantium methanoic, hydrogen utilizing, archaea involved in the creation of methane
* Methanosarcina barkeri methanoic, hydrogen utilizing, archaea involved in the creation of methane and carbon dioxide.
# Methanohalobium

In taxonomy, Methanohalobium is a genus of the Methanosarcinaceae. Its genome has been sequenced. The genus contains one species, M. evestigatum.
The species are strictly anaerobic and live solely through the production of methane through the reduction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen or using methyl compounds as substrates. These species are only somewhat halophilic but extremely thermophilic.
# Ford Thames 300E

The Ford Thames 300E is a car derived van that was produced by Ford UK from 1954 to 1961. The Thames (or Thames Trader) name was given to all available sizes of commercial vehicle produced by Ford in Britain from the 1950s through to 1965. In that year the Thames and Trader names were discontinued.

## History

The 300E was introduced in July 1954, based on the Ford Anglia / Prefect 100E saloon range. It shared its bodyshell and 1172 cc sidevalve four-cylinder engine with the Ford Escort and Ford Squire estate car versions of the line.The bodyshell was optimized for use as a panel van rather than an estate with its two short passenger doors and shorter overall length than the saloons. Initially produced only as a single model with 5 cwt (560 lb; 254 kg) carrying capacity, the range was later expanded with the introduction of Standard and Deluxe 7 cwt (784 lb; 356 kg) variants. All three offered the same 66-cubic-foot (1.9 m$^3$) load volume. Production totalled 196,885 examples comprising 139,267 5 cwt, 10,056 Standard 7 cwt and 47,562 Deluxe 7 cwt units.
300E production ended in April 1961 and the van's replacement, the Anglia 105E based Thames 307E, was introduced in June of the same year.
# Daniel Winkler

Daniel Winkler can refer to:
* Dan Winkler (born 1990), American baseball player
* Daniel Winkler (gymnast) (born 1962), German Olympic gymnast
* Daniel Winkler (knifemaker), American knifemaker
* Daniel Winkler (rower) (born 1959), Swiss Olympic rower
# Noson lawen

Noson lawen (Welsh pronunciation:; literally 'merry or joyful night') is a Welsh term for a party with music, similar to a cèilidh.
# Nosoljin

Nosoljin is a village in the municipality of Raška, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 260 people.
# Northchurch Roman villa

Northchurch Roman Villa is a ruined Roman villa at Northchurch, Hertfordshire. The site was excavated in 1973 due to new housing developments on the site.
The excavations uncovered four building phases of a large Roman country estate. First settlement remains come from the middle of the first century BC. No architectural remains were found, but pottery and other finds indicate that there was already a villa at this place. At the beginning of the first century AD, a stone building was erected. At the beginning it consisted of just four rooms with a veranda. In Phase 3 the building was enlarged and received several further rooms and most likely also a second storey. It seems that around AD 170 the villa was abandoned. In the mid third century, the villa was again occupied. In Phase 4 a bath was added on the south side of the complex. The villa was occupied till the end of the Fourth Century.
Some rooms of the villa were decorated with wall paintings. The excavator found one plaster wall fragment with the letter A and was wondering whether these were Christian painting showing once a chi-rho. Stones belonging to a mosaic were found too.
An evaluation of animals found showed that in the second century mainly sheep were kept.

## Conservation

The site is a scheduled monument, but it lies beneath a housing development.
# Danny Alias

Danny Alias (Duane Scott Cerny) is an American house music artist and playwright born in Norridge, Illinois. In 1984, he co-founded Persona Records with David Bell and released the single "Civil Defense," an early example of Chicago house music which was played by DJ Ron Hardy. The label went on to release the first two singles by Jamie Principle and Frankie Knuckles: "Waiting on My Angel" and "Your Love". In 2012, "Civil Defense" was re-issued on Kill the DJ, a French label founded by DJ Ivan Smagghe.
In 1990, Alias created Chicago's Broadway Antique Market, a 20,000 square-foot multi-dealer shop specializing in mid-century modern collectibles. In 2018, Thunderground Press published his book Selling Dead People's Things: Inexplicably True Tales, Vintage Fails & Objects of Objectionable Estates with anecdotes from his career as a vintage dealer.
Alias has also written two LGBT comedic spoofs, "Mrs. Hyde and the Case of the Gaslight Buggerings," which debuted at the Athenaeum Theatre in 2009, and "The Bloody Fabulous Curse of Dragula," which debuted at Mary's Attic Theatre in 2010.
# Merrymaking (Dekobako na Mainichi to, Ai Kawarazu na Bokura)

"Merrymaking (Dekobako na Mainichi to, Ai Kawarazu na Bokura)" (メリメイキング 〜凸凹な毎日と、あいかわらずな僕ら〜, Merimeikingu ~Dekobako na Mainichi to, Ai Kawarazu na Bokura~) is the seventh single by Japanese band Antic Cafe. The single is featured on the Shikisai Moment album. The song peaked at No. 63 on the Japanese singles chart.

## Track listing

* "Merrymaking" (メリメイキング) - 5:03
# Millcreek, Missouri

Millcreek is an unincorporated community in Castor Township in Madison County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Mill Creek, just east of U.S. Route 67, approximately three miles south of Fredericktown.
A post office called Millcreek was established in 1909, and remained in operation until 1976. The community took its name from nearby Mill Creek.