OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Starr (violinist)

William Starr (1923-2020) was an American violinist, conductor, teacher, academic and author best known for teaching the Suzuki method in America.
Raised in Kansas, Starr (age 17) debuted as a soloist with the Kansas City Philharmonic. Training at the Eastman School of Music, he became an academic at the University of Tennessee Department of Music, which he later chaired (1977–1982).
In the 1960s he moved to Japan to study with Shinichi Suzuki, before returning to America to bring what was then a technique relatively new to the country. Starr was a founder and first president (1972 to 1974) of the Suzuki Association of the Americas (SAA).

## Books

* Bockmon, Guy Alan; Starr, William J. (1962). Perceiving Music: Problems in Sight and Sound. Harcourt, Brace & World.
* Starr, William; Starr, Constance (1999). To Learn with Love: A Companion for Suzuki Parents. Alfred Music. ISBN 9781457403675.
* Starr, William J. (2000). The Suzuki violinist : a guide for teachers and parents (Rev. ed.). Summy-Birchard. ISBN 978-0-87487-605-5.

### Music

* Starr, William J. (1994). 77 variations on Suzuki melodies : technique-builders for violin. [United States]: Summy-Birchard. ISBN 9780874876178.
* Starr, William J. (2000). Adventures in music reading for violin. Book III : a comprehensive music reading series. [U.S.]: Summy-Birchard Music. ISBN 9780874876659.
# Lake Mary Ronan State Park

Lake Mary Ronan State Park is a public recreation area located seven miles (11 km) northwest of the Flathead Lake community of Dayton, Montana. The state park occupies 120 acres (49 ha) on the east side of 1,500-acre (610 ha) Lake Mary Ronan. The lake is 47 feet deep at its deepest spot and is known for kokanee salmon and yellow perch. Twenty-five campsites and a boat ramp are found in the park.

## Fishing

Fishing at Lake Mary Ronan is a popular activity, the lake is stocked for continued enjoyment.
Fish species within the lake :
| Species | Family | Class | Native to MT |
| Kokanee | Trout | Coldwater | Introduced |
| Largemouth Bass | Sunfish | Warmwater | Introduced |
| Pumpkinseed | Sunfish | Warmwater | Introduced |
| Rainbow Trout | Trout | Coldwater | Introduced |
| Westslope Cutthroat Trout | Trout | Coldwater | Native |
| Yellow Perch | Perch | Warmwater | Introduced |
# Flemming v. Nestor

Flemming v. Nestor, 363 U.S. 603 (1960), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the constitutionality of Section 1104 of the 1935 Social Security Act. In this Section, Congress reserved to itself the power to amend and revise the schedule of benefits. The Court rejected that Social Security is a system of 'accrued property rights' and held that those who pay into the system have no contractual right to receive what they have paid into it.

## Background

A 1954 amendment to the Social Security Act stripped old-age benefits from contributors who were deported under the Immigration and Nationality Act. The following year Ephram Nestor, an alien from Bulgaria who had paid into Social Security for 19 years, began drawing benefits. Nestor was subsequently deported for involvement in the Communist Party, and his benefits were terminated. He sued the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare on the basis that the amendment had deprived him of a property interest in Social Security without due process and was therefore invalid.

## Opinion of the Court

The Court ruled that there is no contractual right to receive Social Security payments. Payments due under Social Security are not “property” and are not protected by the Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment. The interest of a beneficiary of Social Security is protected only by the Due Process Clause.
Under Due Process Clause analysis, government action is valid unless it is patently arbitrary and utterly lacking in rational justification. This provision of §202(n) is not irrational; it could have been justified by the desire to increase the purchasing power of those living in America, because those living abroad would not spend their payments domestically.

## Critique

The case has been criticized on many grounds. In dissent, Justice Black argued that the Court's holding was motivated by anti-communist bias. Charles A. Reich argued that Social Security benefits should be considered to be "property" for the purposes of the Fifth Amendment. Social Security, he argued, is a compulsory substitute for private property, is heavily relied on, and is important to beneficiaries. The beneficiary's right to Social Security, he argued, should not be subject to public policy considerations (especially not something resembling a loyalty oath, as was the case in Flemming). According to this argument, allowing government benefits to be revoked in this way too extensively threatens the system of private property.
# Electoral district of East Adelaide

East Adelaide was an electoral district of the South Australian Legislative Council from 1851 to 1857 and an electoral district of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1862 to 1902.

## First incarnation

East Adelaide was a seat of the unicameral South Australian Legislative Council from 1851 until that council's abolition in 1857. Francis Stacker Dutton was the elected member for the duration.

## Second incarnation

The lower house electoral district was created when the Electoral district of City of Adelaide was abolished in 1862 and East Adelaide and Electoral district of West Adelaide created. The district of Adelaide was ultimately recreated in 1902 by the recombination of East Adelaide and West Adelaide.
The electorate was created by the Electoral Districts Act (No. 20) of the South Australian parliament in 1861 but it was not until the state election of 1862 election that candidates were first elected to represent East Adelaide. The electorate at its creation included all of the City of Adelaide (South Adelaide, North Adelaide and the Adelaide parklands) east of the centres of King William Street, Poole street, John Street and O'Connell Street.
In 1872 the area of the electorate shrunk when the Electoral district of North Adelaide was created by excising those parts of East and West Adelaide south of the River Torrens.
Successful 1891 Wallaroo by-election candidate Richard Hooper was the first Labor member of the House of Assembly, but was not a member of the newly formed United Labor Party (ULP), instead serving as an Independent Labor member. The 1892 East Adelaide by-election saw ULP candidate John McPherson win the seat. It was the first time the ULP had won a seat in the House of Assembly, with electoral success to be followed at the 1893 colonial election, winning 10 of 54 seats and the balance of power, allowing the ULP to support the liberal opposition led by Charles Kingston in defeating the conservative government led by John Downer.

### Members

| Member | Party | Term | Member | Term |
| William Bakewell | | 1862–1864 | Philip Santo | 1862–1868 |
| Thomas Reynolds | | 1864–1870 | Philip Santo | 1862–1868 |
| Thomas Reynolds | | 1864–1870 | Robert Cottrell | 1868–1875 |
| David Murray | | 1870–1871 | Robert Cottrell | 1868–1875 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | Robert Cottrell | 1868–1875 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | William Kay | 1875–1878 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | George Fowler | 1878–1881 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | Thomas Johnson | 1881–1884 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | George Dutton Green | 1884–1886 |
| John Cox Bray | | 1871–1892 | Theodor Scherk | 1886–1902 |
| John McPherson | Labor | 1892–1897 | Theodor Scherk | 1886–1902 |
| James Hutchison | Labor | 1898–1902 | Theodor Scherk | 1886–1902 |
# Yinchie

Yinchie is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.
# WLR

WLR may refer to:
* Wisconsin Law Review, a student-edited legal journal at the University of Wisconsin Law School
* Willandra Lakes Region, a World Heritage Site in New South Wales, Australia
* West Lancashire Railway, a disused railway in Lancashire, England
* WLR FM, a local radio station covering Waterford City and County in Ireland
* Washington Law Review, a student-edited legal journal at the University of Washington School of Law, USA
* Weekly Law Reports, an official periodical of United Kingdom case law published by the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting
* Weapon Locating Radar, an Indian Artillery detecting radar being developed by DRDO
* West Lincoln Road, a road in Miami Beach, Florida, USA
* Wholesale line rental, a type of telecommunications service
* WLR, the hull classification symbol of a river buoy tender used by the US Coast Guard
* Whole Lotta Red, the second studio album by American rapper Playboi Carti
# Gray Mountain (Grisham novel)

Gray Mountain is a legal thriller novel by John Grisham, published in hardcover on October 23, 2014. The book is set in Appalachia after the Great Recession and follows third-year associate Samantha Kofer after the Bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers, when she becomes a legal clinic intern in Virginia's coal mining country.

## Plot

Samantha Kofer is a lawyer at a major New York City law firm, which is hit hard at the onset of the Great Recession. Rather than lay her off, the firm suggests that Sam conduct a charity service while she is put on furlough for a year. Sam takes up on the offer since she has no other choice and relocates to Virginia's Appalachian Mountains. She finds a job with a woman named Mattie, who runs a legal aid firm in the town of Brady. Mattie and another woman, Annette, take up cases in the town. At first, Sam does not fit in, but eventually warms up to Mattie and the townspeople.
Sam eventually meets Mattie's nephew, Donovan Gray. Donovan fills in that he and his firm have been battling against the strip-coal mining businesses in the town. Several employees of the coal mines work themselves until they are sick and the businesses have cut corners on safety measures, resulting in a few deaths. The coal mining has also contaminated the town's water supply.
Sam meets Donovan's brother Jeff, who acquired some important documents from the coal businesses, showing that the companies' owners deliberately allowed the sludge from the mines to runoff into the rivers. Donovan intends to sue the companies, but he is killed in a mysterious plane crash. Jeff is convinced that the coal mine owners sabotaged Donovan's plane in order to keep the evidence from leaking out.

## Notable facts

The novel describes the great danger to the environment posed by strip-mining for coal.
Grisham consulted with Mary Cromer, an attorney with the Appalachian Citizen's Law Center and a Washington and Lee University School of Law alumna, as research for the novel. This is one of the few Grisham novels which feature a strong female protagonist (Samantha Kofer). Scully & Pershing, the law firm in New York City that Kofer is employed by, is the same firm that employed Kyle McAvoy in Grisham's novel The Associate (2009).
# Mobile RFID

Mobile RFID (M-RFID) are services that provide information on objects equipped with an RFID tag over a telecommunication network. The reader or interrogator can be installed in a mobile device such as a mobile phone or PDA.
Unlike ordinary fixed RFID, mobile RFID readers are mobile, and the tags fixed, instead of the other way around. The advantages of M-RFID over RFID include the absence of wires to fixed readers and the ability of a small number of mobile readers can cover a large area, instead of dozens of fixed readers.
The main focus is on supporting supply chain management. But this application has also found its way in m-commerce. The customer in the supermarket can scan the Electronic Product Code from the tag and connects via the internet to get more information.
ISO/IEC 29143 "Information technology — Automatic Identification and Data Capture Technique — Air Interface specification for Mobile RFID interrogator" is the first standard to be developed for Mobile RFID.
# EDWA (disambiguation)

EDWA is an abbreviation for erbium-doped waveguide amplifier. EDWA may also refer to:
* E.D.Wa., the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington
* Former acronym of the Department of Education and Training Western Australia, in RM Education
# Prostanthera sejuncta

Prostanthera sejuncta is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to a small area of New South Wales. It is a scrambling, more or less prostrate, aromatic shrub with spiny branches, narrow egg-shaped leaves and pale mauve, pale lilac or almost white flowers.

## Description

Prostanthera sejuncta is a scrambling, more or less prostrate, aromatic shrub that typically grows to a height of 50 cm (20 in) with branches that have spines up to 16 mm (0.63 in) long arranged in opposite pairs at right angles to each other. The leaves are light to dark green, paler on the lower surface, narrow egg-shaped, 1.5–6 mm (0.059–0.236 in) long and 1–4 mm (0.039–0.157 in) wide on a petiole 0.4–1 mm (0.016–0.039 in) long. There are more or less sessile glands on the lower surface of the leaves. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils with bracteoles 0.9–2.5 mm (0.035–0.098 in) long at the base. The sepals are 3.5–6.5 mm (0.14–0.26 in) long, joined at the base forming a tube 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long with two lobes, the upper lobe 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.118 in) long. The petals are 8–14 mm (0.31–0.55 in) long and pale mauve, pale lilac or almost white.

## Taxonomy

Prostanthera sejuncta was first formally described in 2006 by Mark Williams, Andrew Drinnan and Neville Walsh in the journal Australian Systematic Botany from specimens collected on Mount Arapiles. Specimens of this plant were previously included with P. spinosa, now considered to be endemic to Victoria.

## Distribution and habitat

This mintbush grows in sandstone soils often along main creeklines near Copmanhurst in north-eastern New South Wales.

## Conservation status

Prostanthera sejuncta is abundant in Fortis Creek National Park, Banyabba Nature reserve and also occurs in travelling stock reserves and on freehold land at the Pinnacles Estate. It is listed as "vulnerable" under the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. The threats to the species include vegetation clearance, road and track maintenance, inappropriate fire regimes and the species' restricted distribution.
# Antoon Kolen

Anthonius Wilhelmus Johannes (Antoon) Kolen (22 May 1953 – 3 October 2004) was a Dutch mathematician and Professor at the Maastricht University, in the Department of Quantitative Economics. He is known for his work on dynamic programming, such as interval scheduling and mathematical optimization.

## Biography

Born in Tilburg, Kolen obtained his engineering degree from the Eindhoven University of Technology in 1978. In 1982, he obtained his PhD at the Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, University of Amsterdam under Gijsbert de Leve and Jan Karel Lenstra with the thesis, entitled "Location Problems on Trees and in the Rectilinear Plane."
After his graduation, Kolen started his academic career at the Econometric Institute of Erasmus University Rotterdam. Late 1980s he moved to the Maastricht University, where he was appointed Professor at the Department of Quantitative Economics and head of its operations research group.
His PhD students at the Erasmus University Rotterdam were Leo Kroon (graduated in 1990), Albert Wagelmans (1990), C. Stan van Hoesel (1991), Wim Pijls (1991), Peter Verbeek (1991), and A. Woerlee (1991); W. Hennen at the Wageningen University and Research Centre (graduated in 1995), and at the Maastricht University Alwin Oerlemans (graduated in 1992), Ron van der Wal (1995), Maarten Oosten (1996), Jons van de Klundert (1996), Robert van de Leensel (1999), Arie Koster (1999), and Alexander Grigoriev (2003).

## Selected publications

* Antoon Kolen. Location Problems on Trees and in the Rectilinear Plane. PhD thesis, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1982.
* Kolen, Antoon WJ, and Arie Tamir. Covering problems. Econometric Institute, 1984.
Articles, a selection:
* Brouwer, Andries E., and Antoon WJ Kolen. "A super-balanced hypergraph has a nest point." Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. Zuivere Wiskunde ZW 146/80 (1980): 1-7.
* Hoffman, Alan J., A. W. J. Kolen, and Michel Sakarovitch. "Totally-balanced and greedy matrices." SIAM Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods 6.4 (1985): 721-730.
* Kolen, Antoon WJ, A. H. G. Rinnooy Kan, and H. W. J. M. Trienekens. "Vehicle routing with time windows." Operations Research 35.2 (1987): 266-273.
* Wagelmans, Albert, Stan Van Hoesel, and Antoon Kolen. "Economic lot sizing: an O (n log n) algorithm that runs in linear time in the Wagner-Whitin case." Operations Research 40.1-Supplement - 1 (1992): pp. 145–156.
* Koster, Arie MCA, Stan P.M. Van Hoesel, and Antoon WJ Kolen. "The partial constraint satisfaction problem: Facets and lifting theorems." Operations research letters 23.3 (1998): 89-97.
* Kolen, Antoon. "A genetic algorithm for the partial binary constraint satisfaction problem: an application to a frequency assignment problem." Statistica Neerlandica 61.1 (2007): 4-15.
# Dry Plain, New South Wales

Dry Plain is a locality in the Snowy Monaro Region, New South Wales, Australia. It is located in grasslands mainly to the east of the Snowy Mountains Highway, about 25 km southeast of Adaminaby and 40 km northwest of Cooma, at an altitude of approximately 1,260 metres (4,130 ft). It is about 160 km south of Canberra. At the 2016 census, it had a population of 42.
It had a school from June 1925 to October 1927, generally described as a "half-time" school.
# Everbright Environment

China Everbright International Limited is a Hong Kong incorporated company that specialized in environmental resource management in mainland China.
Its head office is the Far East Finance Centre [zh; zh-yue] in Admiralty on Hong Kong Island. On the mainland it has offices in Beijing, Jinan, Nanjing, and Shenzhen.

## History

China Everbright Holdings, a Chinese state-owned enterprise based in Hong Kong, took over a listed company in Hong Kong in 1993 (Newfoundland International [zh] Chinese: 寧發國際有限公司, incorporated in 1961) and injected part of the group's business into the listed company.
In 2012, vice-chairman Li Xueming resigned, following rumour on his true name and identity as the elder brother of arrested government officials Bo Xilai.
In 2017, Everbright Greentech (SEHK: 1257) was split from the company.
# WMUU

WMUU may refer to:
* WMUU-LP, a radio station (102.9 FM) licensed to serve Madison, Wisconsin
* WPJF, a radio station (1260 AM) licensed to serve Greenville, South Carolina, United States, which held the call sign WMUU until 2008
* WKVG (FM), a radio station (94.5 FM) licensed to serve Greenville, South Carolina, which held the call sign WMUU-FM until 2013
# Eastern golden weaver

The eastern golden weaver (Ploceus subaureus) is a species of bird in the family Ploceidae. It is found in eastern and south-eastern Africa. Alternative names used for the eastern golden weaver include yellow weaver, olive-headed golden weaver, and African golden weaver.
# Gay Days

A gay day is a scheduled time at an establishment dedicated to attracting and catering to the gay community.
Gay Days may refer to:
* Gay Days (film), a 2009 Israeli documentary film
* Gay Days at Walt Disney World, an unofficial annual LGBT event at Disney World
# William Maurice (politician)

Sir William Maurice (April 1552 – August 1622) was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1593 and 1611.
Maurice was the son of Morys ap Ellis ap Morys, and grandson of Ellis ap Morris of Clennenau, his brother was captain Ellis Maurice fought for Queen Elizabeth I in Ireland. He was one of the Council of the Marches of Wales. He was High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire in 1582 and High Sheriff of Merionethshire in 1591. In 1593, he was elected Member of Parliament for Carnarvonshire. He was High Sheriff of Carnarvonshire again in 1596. In 1597 he was re-elected MP for Carnarvonshire. In 1601 he was elected MP for Beaumaris. He was a personal friend of James I, and induced him to assume the title of King of Great Britain. He was knighted at Whitehall on 23 July 1603. In 1604 he was elected MP for Carnarvonshire again. He was High Sheriff of Merionethshire again in 1606. He was of Clennenau and was probably constable of Harlech Castle.
Maurice died at the age of 70 and was buried at Penmorfa.
Maurice first married Margaret Lacon only daughter of John Wyn Lacon of Elanddyn and Porkington. She died in 1572 and was buried at Selattyn on 18 February 1572. His second marriage was to Ellen Wis, widow of John Wis of Chwaen and daughter of Hugh ap Llewelyn. His third wife, whom he married between 6 June 1604 and 8 June 1605 was Jane Johnes widow of Sir Thomas Johnes of Abfrmarles and daughter of Rowland Puleston of Carnarvon.
Maurice employed a tailor in Shrewsbury, John Langley. In 1594 he ordered clothing for his wife and daughter, including a farthingale and farthingale sleeves.
# Green Flag Aviation

Green Flag Aviation Co. Ltd. is an air transport service company based in Khartoum, Sudan, established in 1992.
The company was added to the EU list of banned air carriers on 30 March 2010.

## Fleet

Green Flag's fleet consists of:
* 2 Antonov An-74
* 1 Ilyushin Il-76 (cargo)
* 5 Mil Mi-17
* 1 Antonov An-30
* 1 Lockheed Jetstar
* 2 Bell-205
* 1 Dassault Falcon 50
* 1 Boeing 737 (Cargo)
# Lee Guan Aik

Lee Guan Aik (born 1949) is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kota Darul Aman from March 2008 to May 2013. He is a member of Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH) and Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions.

## Early life

Lee Guan Aik was born in 1949.

## Election results

Kedah State Legislative Assembly :
| Year | Constituency | Candidate | Candidate | Votes | Pct | Opponent(s) | Opponent(s) | Votes | Pct | Ballot casts | Majority | Turnout |
| 2008 | N13 Kota Darul Aman | | Lee Guan Aik (DAP) | 5,415 | 54.01% | | Chong Itt Chew (MCA) | 4,611 | 45.99% | 10,355 | 804 | 68.64% |

## Honours

* Kedah :
** Member of the Order of the Crown of Kedah (AMK) (2009)
** Justice of the Peace (JP) (2011)
# Antoon Postma

Antoon Postma (Hanunó'o: ᜠᜨ᜴ᜦᜳᜨ᜴ ᜩᜳᜰ᜴ᜦ᜴ᜫ Buhid: ᝀᝈ᜔ᝆᝓᝈ᜔ ᝉᝓᝐ᜔ᝆ᜔ᝋ) (28 March 1929 – 22 October 2016) was a Dutch anthropologist who married into and lived among the Hanunuo, a Mangyan sub-tribe in southeastern Mindoro, Philippines. He is best known for being the first to decipher the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, and for documenting the Hanunó'o script, paving the way for its preservation and understanding.

## Sources

* ↑ Virola, Madonna (2016-10-23). "Dutch anthropologist Antoon Postma dies; 87". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
* ↑ Tribute to Antoon Postma archived at Ghostarchive.org
* Santos, Hector (1995). "Sulat sa Tanso: Antoon Postma's Translation". A Philippine Leaf. Archived from the original on 2008-09-17. Retrieved 2008-07-30.
* Sta. Maria, Dina (2009). "Bapa Antoon". Starweek Magazine. The Philippine STAR. Retrieved 2011-02-05.
* This article about an anthropologist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Vapi INA

Vapi INA is a town (part of Vapi city) and an industrial notified area in Valsad district in the Indian state of Gujarat.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Vapi INA had a population of 23,845. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Vapi INA has an average literacy rate of 81%, higher than the national average of 72%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 77%. In Vapi INA, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.