# 1070s in England

Events from the 1070s in England.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – William I

## Events

* 1070
** Winter of 1069–1070 – Harrying of the North: King William I quells rebellions in the North of England following an invasion by King Sweyn II of Denmark. Widespread famine follows the devastation wrought.
** Spring – Sweyn II of Denmark joins English rebels led by Hereward the Wake and captures the Isle of Ely in The Fens of East Anglia.
** 11 April – Archbishop of Canterbury Stigand is deposed at the Council of Winchester and imprisoned.
** 1 June – Hereward plunders Peterborough Abbey.
** June – Denmark signs a treaty with England; Sweyn and his forces leave the country.
** 15 August – Pavian-born Benedictine Lanfranc is appointed as the new Archbishop of Canterbury.
** Invasion of England by Malcolm III of Scotland repelled.
** Hugh d'Avranches, Earl of Chester, the first Marcher Lord, invades Wales, capturing parts of Gwynedd.
** Osmund succeeds Herfast as Lord Chancellor; Herfast becomes Bishop of Elmham.
** Rebuilding of Canterbury Cathedral following a fire begins.
** Rebuilding of York Minster begins.
** Construction of Dudley Castle in the west midlands by Ansculf de Picquigny begins.
** Construction of Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire by Alan Rufus begins.
** Jews from Rouen, in Normandy, settle in England at the invitation of the King.
* 1071
** William defeats Hereward the Wake's rebellion on the Isle of Ely.
** Edwin, Earl of Mercia, again rebels against William but is betrayed and killed, leading to the redistribution of land within Mercia to William's subjects.
* 1072
** 27 May – the Accord of Winchester establishes the primacy of the Archbishop of Canterbury over the Archbishop of York in the Church of England.
** August – William invades Scotland, reaching the River Tay.
** At Abernethy, King Malcolm III of Scotland submits to William.
** Remigius de Fécamp moves the seat of his diocese from Dorchester on Thames to Lincoln, becoming first Bishop of Lincoln, and construction of Lincoln Cathedral begins.
* 1073
** Rebuilding of St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury.
* 1074
** Roger de Montgomerie is created Earl of Shrewsbury, and invades Wales, reaching as far as Powys.
* 1075
** Revolt of the Earls: three earls rebel against William in the last serious act of resistance to the Norman conquest of England.
** August (approx. date) – Council of London reforms Church administration in England. It approves union of the dioceses of Ramsbury and Sherborne into a new Diocese of Salisbury with a new cathedral at Old Sarum, Herman becoming first Bishop of Salisbury.
** First Bishop of Chichester (Stigand of Selsey) consecrated.
* 1076
** April – Council of Winchester confirms ecclesiastical authority, insists on celibacy of the clergy and marriage within church.
** 31 May – execution of Waltheof II, Earl of Northumbria, for his part in the Revolt of the Earls.
** Approximate date of the Trial of Penenden Heath to settle a land dispute between King William and his half-brother Odo of Bayeux.
* 1077
** The Bayeux Tapestry completed depicting the Norman conquest of England.
** William's son Robert Curthose stages an insurrection against him in Normandy.
** Construction of St Albans Cathedral begins under Abbot Paul of Caen.
** Foundation of the first Cluniac abbey in England, at Lewes.
** First recorded Trial by combat in England.
* 1078
** 3 June (approx. date) – consecration of Osmund as Bishop of Salisbury. He will introduce the Sarum Rite.
** (approx. date) – construction of the White Tower (Tower of London) begins under the direction of Bishop Gundulf of Rochester.
** Construction of Colchester Castle begins under the direction of Bishop Gundulf of Rochester.
* 1079
** January – Robert unhorses William in battle in Normandy.
** William creates the New Forest as a hunting ground.
** Rebuilding of Winchester Cathedral begins under the direction of Bishop Walkelin of Winchester.

## Births

* 1075
** 16 April – Orderic Vitalis, Benedictine chronicler (died c. 1142)
** Approximate date – Gerald de Windsor, noble (died 1135)

## Deaths

* 1072
** 10–11 February – Leofric, first Bishop of Exeter
** c. 21–22 February – Stigand, deposed Archbishop of Canterbury
* 1075
** 19 December – Edith of Wessex, queen of Edward the Confessor (born c. 1029)
* 1076
** 31 May – Waltheof II, Earl of Northumbria, last of the Anglo-Saxon earls (born 1050)