OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Convention on Modern Liberty

The Convention on Modern Liberty (CML) is a British voluntary body and program of the Open Trust, set up in September 2008, that aims to highlight what it sees as the erosion of civil liberties in the UK. Its stated purpose is: "A call to all concerned with attacks on our fundamental rights and freedoms under pressure from counter-terrorism, financial breakdown and the database state".
On 13 June 2008, MP David Davis resigned from the House of Commons in protest against the decision to extend detention without charge for possible terrorist offences to 42 days, stating that this was an abuse of anti-terror measures. A week later Mark Ross of the Joseph Rowntree Reform Trust contacted Stuart Weir from the Democratic Audit, Anthony Barnett from openDemocracy's OurKingdom and Peter Facey from Unlock Democracy, and suggested they organize a major public meeting and news coverage about the issue Davis raised.
The campaign was founded by Henry Porter, London editor of Vanity Fair, and Anthony Barnett, a founding member of Charter 88. It was sponsored by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, openDemocracy, Liberty (UK), NO2ID, and The Guardian.
In February 2009, the Convention organised the largest civil liberties gathering ever held in the UK, with meetings of journalists, lawyers, politicians, and campaigners. Speakers included Shami Chakrabarti, Marina Warner, Fatima Bhutto, Timothy Garton Ash, Clive Stafford Smith, Helena Kennedy, and Joanne Cash. More than 1,500 people attended the main event which was held in Bloomsbury, and linked by video to parallel events in Glasgow, Belfast, Bristol, Manchester, Cardiff and Cambridge.
# Convention on Nuclear Safety

The Convention on Nuclear Safety is a 1994 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) treaty that governs safety rules at nuclear power plants in state parties to the convention.
The convention creates obligations on state parties to implement certain safety rules and standards at all civil facilities related to nuclear energy. These include issues of site selection; design and construction; operation and safety verification; and emergency preparedness.
The convention was adopted in Vienna, Austria, at an IAEA diplomatic conference on 17 June 1994. It was opened for signature on 20 September 1994 and has been signed by 65 states; it entered into force on 24 October 1996 after it had been ratified by 22 signatories. As of July 2015, there are 78 state parties to the Convention plus the European Atomic Energy Community. The states that have signed the treaty but have not ratified it include Algeria, Cuba, Egypt, Ghana, Iceland, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Monaco, Morocco, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Philippines, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Uruguay .
# Exotic (1963 song)

"Exotic" is a song composed by Bruce Morgan and recorded by various bands back in 1963 when it was first released.
Morgan is more known for having written songs like "Surfer Girl" and "Luau" for The Beach Boys.

## Known recordings

* 1963 - The Sentinals recorded "Exotic" in their album "Big Surf!" for Del-Fi Records
* 1963 - Bob Vaught & The Renegaids recorded "Exotic" as a 7" Single, with "Surfin' Tragedy" as a B-side for GNP Crescendo
* 1963 - The Rhythm Kings recorded "Exotic" as a B-side for their single "Blue Soul", also from GNP Crescendo. This same track was later re-released by the same publisher in a compilation album named "Original Surfin' Hits" and again in a 1964 compilation titled "Dance With The Jet Set! At The World's Great Discotheques"
* 1986 - The Raunch Hands recorded "Exotic" for their album "Learn To Whap-A-Dang" for Relativity Records
* 1994 - The Del Lagunas Exotic B/W Twine Time - 7" Single - Sympathy For The Record Industry
* 1995 - Dave Myers And The Surftones - Surf War: The Battle Of The Surf Groups - Sundazed Music
* 1996 - The El Caminos - Surfers' Lounge - Sexcite Records
* 1996 - Los Kogars - Swing Into Action (LP, Album) Planet Pimp Records
* 1998 - The Krontjong Devils - On Tour!!! - Telstar Records
* 1999 - Surf Report - Lavarockreverb (CD-ROM + Album) Rickshaw Records
* 1999 - The Infrareds - (self-titled album) Blue Mule Music
* 2012 - The Original Surfaris - "Lost Legends Of Surf Guitar" (compilation) - Sundazed Music
# Ewing Lake

Ewing Lake is a lake in Stettler County Alberta, Canada. It is southwest of the town of Stettler, about 65 km east of Red Deer.
Ewing Lake has the name of John Ewing, a pioneer citizen.
# Markus Pöyhönen

Markus Pöyhönen (born 25 October 1978, in Vantaa) is a Finnish former track and field athlete, who specialised in the 100m sprint. Pöyhönen's trainer during his active career was Atte Pettinen.
At the 2002 European Championships in Athletics he became the first Finnish male in history to reach the 100 m sprint final in an international championship event. He finished fifth in the race, though years later Dwain Chambers was disqualified and Pöyhönen's final position was fourth.
He finished seventh in the 60 metres final at the 2003 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Birmingham.
His 100 m personal best, also set in 2002, is 10.23 seconds; 0.02 s shy of the Finnish national record.

## Progression

(100 m)
| Year | Time | Wind | City | Date |
| 1999 | 10.88 | +1.3 | Raahe | 14 August 1999 |
| 2000 | 10.56 | +1.8 | Kouvola | 5 August 2000 |
| 2001 | 10.42 | +1.2 | Jämsänkoski | 29 July 2001 |
| 2002 | 10.23 | +1.7 | Joensuu | 20 July 2002 |
| 2003 | 10.26 | +1.2 | Turku | 23 July 2003 |
| 2005 | 10.38 | +0.3 | Krugersdorp, South Africa | 15 January 2005 |
| 2006 | 10.76 | +1.8 | Tampere | 7 June 2006 |
# Cook Inlet (disambiguation)

Cook Inlet is an inlet in Alaska.
Cook Inlet may also refer to:
* Cook Inlet Region, Inc., an Alaska Native regional corporation
* USS Cook Inlet (AVP-36), a United States Navy seaplane tender in commission from 1944 to 1946
* USCGC Cook Inlet (WAVP-384), later WHEC-384, a United States Coast Guard cutter in commission from 1949 to 1971
* Cook Inlet beluga whale, a type of Beluga (whale)
* The Cook Inlet Basin
# Market distortion

In neoclassical economics, a market distortion is any event in which a market reaches a market clearing price for an item that is substantially different from the price that a market would achieve while operating under conditions of perfect competition and state enforcement of legal contracts and the ownership of private property. A distortion is "any departure from the ideal of perfect competition that therefore interferes with economic agents maximizing social welfare when they maximize their own". A proportional wage-income tax, for instance, is distortionary, whereas a lump-sum tax is not. In a competitive equilibrium, a proportional wage income tax discourages work.
In perfect competition with no externalities, there is zero distortion at market equilibrium of supply and demand where price equals marginal cost for each firm and product. More generally, a measure of distortion is the deviation between the market price of a good and its marginal social cost, that is, the difference between the marginal rate of substitution in consumption and the marginal rate of transformation in production. Such a deviation may result from government regulation, monopoly tariffs and import quotas, which in theory may give rise to rent seeking. Other sources of distortions are uncorrected externalities, different tax rates on goods or income, inflation, and incomplete information. Each of these may lead to a net loss in social surplus. Market distortions are events, decisions, or interventions taken by governments, companies, or other agents, often in order to influence the market. They are often the response on market failures, i.e., circumstances that prevent perfect competition and achieving an optimal equilibrium in the market.
In the context of markets, "perfect competition" means:
* all participants have complete information,
* there are no entry or exit barriers to the market,
* there are no transaction costs or subsidies affecting the market,
* all firms have constant returns to scale, and
* all market participants are independent rational actors.
Many different kinds of events, actions, policies, or beliefs can bring about a market distortion. For example:
* almost all types of taxes and subsidies, but especially excise or ad valorem taxes/subsidies,
* asymmetric information or uncertainty among market participants,
* any policy or action that restricts information critical to the market,
* monopoly, oligopoly, or monopsony powers of market participants,
* criminal coercion or subversion of legal contracts,
* illiquidity of the market (lack of buyers, sellers, product, or money),
* collusion among market participants,
* mass non-rational behavior by market participants,
* price supports or subsidies,
* failure of government to provide a stable currency,
* failure of government to enforce the Rule of Law,
* failure of government to protect property rights,
* failure of government to regulate non-competitive market behavior,
* stifling or corrupt government regulation.
* nonconvex consumer preference sets
* market externalities
* natural factors that impede competition between firms, such as occurs in land markets
# Neenchelys cheni

Neenchelys cheni is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Johnson T. F. Chen and Herman Ting-Chen Weng in 1967, originally under the genus Myrophis. It is a marine, temperate water-dwelling eel which is known from Taiwan, in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Males can reach a maximum standard length of 35 centimetres (14 in).
The species epithet "cheni" refers to Tung-Pai Chen.
# Copelatus exaratus

Copelatus exaratus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Sharp in 1882.
# Copelatus erichsonii

Copelatus erichsonii is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus of the subfamily Copelatinae in the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville in 1849.
# Nega to Poji

「ネガとポジ」(Nega to Poji) is the fourteenth album by the Japanese rock group Plastic Tree.

## Track listing

* This 2007 rock album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Type 272 icebreaker

Type 272 icebreaker is the third generation icebreaker indigenously developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) to replace its predecessor Type 210 icebreaker, and Type 272 has received NATO reporting name Yanrao class.
Type 272 icebreaker is the improvement over earlier Type 210 icebreaker and it is larger than its predecessor. The pennant number of the first unit of Type 272 consists of two Chinese character Hai-bing (海冰, meaning Sea Ice in Chinese), followed by a three digit number, and this pennant number is the same pennant number used by a first generation Chinese icebreaker Type 071 that retired in June 2013, five months before the start of the construction of the first unit of this first unit of Type 272 icebreaker in November 2013. Type 272 has more advanced design features in comparison to earlier Chinese icebreakers, such as the incorporation of multifunction displays, and it can withstand wind scale of 12 when sailing. Type 272 is capable of carrying a large helicopter of Changhe Z-8 class, and the second unit is built by PLAN Plant No. 4180, which is also commonly known as Southern Liaoning Shipyard (辽南造船厂).
| Type | Pennant # | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Status | Fleet |
| 272 | Haibing 722 | November 2013 | March 2015 | January 1, 2016 | Active | North Sea Fleet |
| 272 | Haibing 723 | — | July 2015 | March 17, 2016 | Active | North Sea Fleet |
# Type 281 radar

The Type 281 radar was a British naval early-warning radar developed during World War II. It replaced the Type 79 as the Royal Navy's main early-warning radar during the war.
The prototype system was mounted on the light cruiser HMS Dido in October 1940. This radar used a frequency of 90 MHz, a beamwidth of 35°, and a wavelength of 3.5 m (3.8 yd). It required separate transmitting and receiving antennas that were rotated by hand. For long-range warning the radar used a 15 microsecond pulse at a power level of 350 kW that gave a detection range up to 110 nautical miles (200 km; 130 mi) for aircraft. For tracking surface targets it used a 2–3 microsecond pulse at 1 MW that gave a range up to 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi). A second set was installed in January 1941 aboard the battleship HMS Prince of Wales and production began of another 57 sets with the first deliveries occurring the following month. This set also had a secondary aerial and surface gunnery capability and used a Precision Ranging Panel. The Type 281 ranging system allowed the user to select either a 2,000 yards (1,830 m) to 14,000 yards (12,800 m) or a 2,000 yards (1,830 m) to 25,000 yards (22,860 m) range display with range accuracies of 50 yards (50 m) or 75 yards (70 m) RMS, respectively. Aerial target ranges were passed directly to the HACS table (fire control computer).
Type 281B consolidated the transmission and receiving antennas while the Type 281BP radar had the short-pulse feature removed. It was fitted with improved receivers that increased the maximum detection range for an aircraft at 20,000 feet (6,100 m) to 120 nautical miles (220 km; 140 mi). At lower altitudes, ranges declined to 90 nautical miles (170 km; 100 mi) at 10,000 feet (3,050 m) and 65 nautical miles (120 km; 75 mi) at 5,000 feet (1,520 m). The Type 281BQ was a Type 281BP fitted with power rotation, at 2 or 4 rpm, and equipped with a plan position indicator. After the end of the war, the Type 281 was replaced by the Type 960 radar.
# Type 279 radar

The Type 279 radar was a British naval early-warning radar developed during World War II from the Type 79 metric early-warning set. It initially had separate transmitting and receiving antennas that were later combined in the Type 279M to single-antenna operation. This set also had a secondary surface-search mode with surface and aerial gunnery capability and used a Precision Ranging Panel, which passed accurate radar ranges directly to the HACS table (analog computer).

## Specifications

| Type | Aerial outfit | Peak power (kW) | Frequency (MHz) | Wavelength (mm) | In service |
| 279 | | 70 | 39.9 | 7,450 | 1940 |
| 279M | | 70 | 39.9 | 7,450 | 1941 |
# Cordelia, Queensland

Cordelia is a rural locality in the Shire of Hinchinbrook, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Cordelia had a population of 176 people.

## Geography

Cordelia has the following mountains:
* Mount Catherina (18°36′37″S 146°14′46″E﻿ / ﻿18.6103°S 146.2462°E﻿ / -18.6103; 146.2462﻿ (Mount Catherina)) 210 metres (690 ft)
* Mount Cordelia (18°36′39″S 146°14′24″E﻿ / ﻿18.6108°S 146.2399°E﻿ / -18.6108; 146.2399﻿ (Mount Cordelia)) 224 metres (735 ft)

## History

Cordelia Provisional School opened circa 1891. It closed circa 1893.
Cordelia State School opened on 13 April 1918 and closed on 15 March 1993. The school was at 15 Cordelia School Road (18°35′47″S 146°15′33″E﻿ / ﻿18.5964°S 146.2591°E﻿ / -18.5964; 146.2591﻿ (Cordelia State School (former))).

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Cordelia had a population of 210 people.
In the 2021 census, Cordelia had a population of 176 people.

## Education

There are no schools in Cordelia. The nearest government primary schools are Victoria Plantation State School in neighbouring Victoria Plantation to the south-west and Halifax State School in neighbouring Halifax to the east. The nearest government secondary school is Ingham State High School in Ingham to the south-west.
# Marquesan kingfisher

The Marquesan kingfisher or Marquesas kingfisher (Todiramphus godeffroyi) is a species of bird in the family Alcedinidae. It is endemic to French Polynesia. It is threatened by habitat loss and predation by introduced species, and is currently classified as Critically endangered, with fewer than 500 individuals left in the wild.

## Description

This unique bird is approximately 22 cm (9 in) tall with a buff triangle on its upper back. It has completely white plumage on its crown, mantle, forehead, and center upper back along with featuring a blue eye-stripe pattern ending as broken line behind head. It also has a pale blue lower back, rump, tail and wings.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs only on the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia. It inhabits tropical moist lowland forests, where it prefers thick, humid vegetation along mountain streams and valleys. This bird also has been observed in coconut plantations and on dry slopes covered with mango trees.

## Ecology

The species has been reported as nesting in mango trees and decayed hollows of pine trees. Its diet consists of a variety of insects and small vertebrates, mostly lizards.

## Conservation

The Marquesan kingfisher is Critically endangered and currently likely numbers less than 500 individuals. The population has rapidly declined in recent decades, and it has become extinct on several smaller islands of the group, being reported only from Tahuata in 2011. Its forest habitat suffers from the presence of introduced species like feral cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and pigs. It is also subject to predation by the introduced great horned owl, the common myna and the black rat.
# Conversational scoreboard

In linguistics and philosophy of language, the conversational scoreboard is a tuple which represents the discourse context at a given point in a conversation. The scoreboard is updated by each speech act performed by one of the interlocutors.
Most theories of conversational scorekeeping take one of the scoreboard's elements to be a common ground, which represents the propositional information mutually agreed upon by the interlocutors. When an interlocutor makes a successful assertion, its content is added to the common ground. Once in the common ground, that information can then be presupposed by future utterances. Depending on the particular theory of scorekeeping, additional elements of the scoreboard may include a stack of questions under discussion, a list of discourse referents available for anaphora, among other categories of contextual information.
The notion of a conversational scoreboard was introduced by David Lewis in his most-cited paper Scorekeeping in a Language Game. In the paper, Lewis draws an analogy between conversation and baseball, where the scoreboard tracks categories of information such as strikes, outs, and runs, thereby defining the current state of the game and thereby determining which future moves are licit.
# Type 86

Type 86 may refer to:
* A People's Republic of China reversed engineered version of the BMP-1 armoured personnel carrier, see Type 86 (infantry fighting vehicle)
* Norinco Type 86 assault rifle
* T86 assault rifle or Type 86 assault rifle
* Bristol Type 86 biplane
# Cooky Puss

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
"Cooky Puss" is the debut single by Beastie Boys. The song is their first hip hop recording, their first release featuring band member Adam Horovitz, and their final release to feature drummer Kate Schellenbach. It was released in 1983 as a 12-inch single on Rat Cage Records. The title, title track, and lyrics are satirical references to the Cookie Puss ice cream dessert.
All four tracks appear on the compilation album Some Old Bullshit.
The airline corporation British Airways used a portion of "Beastie Revolution" (chosen by Jeremy Healy without the band's permission) in one of their television ads; the Beastie Boys contacted a lawyer and successfully sued British Airways for $40,000. This money was then used to rent an apartment at 59 Chrystie Street in Chinatown, New York City. This apartment was used not only as a place to live but also as a place for the group to rehearse and record. The group later thanked Jeremy Healy as he unwittingly kick-started their career via the money they won in the lawsuit. The apartment was remembered in "59 Chrystie Street," a song on 1989's Paul's Boutique LP.

## Track listing

Side A (listed as This Side)
* "Cooky Puss" – 3:12
* "Bonus Batter" – 2:15
Side B (listed as That Side)
* "Beastie Revolution" – 5:00
* "Cooky Puss" (censored version) – 3:12
# Neil Thimbleby

Neil William Thimbleby (19 June 1939 – 19 March 2024) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A prop, Thimbleby represented Hawke's Bay at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, on their 1970 tour to South Africa. He played 13 matches for the All Blacks on that tour, including one international. Thimbleby died in Napier on 19 March 2024, at the age of 84.
# Neil Thomas

Neil Thomas may refer to:
* Neil Thomas (Canadian football) (born c. 1940), Canadian football player
* Neil Thomas (gymnast) (born 1968), English Olympic gymnast
# Explosion in a Cathedral

Explosion in a Cathedral (Spanish title: El Siglo de las Luces, "The Age of Enlightenment" ) is a historical novel by Cuban writer and musicologist Alejo Carpentier. The book follows the story of three privileged Creole orphans from Havana, as they meet French adventurer Victor Hugues and get involved in the revolutionary turmoil that shook the Atlantic World at the end of the eighteenth century. Originally published in 1962, this is one of the most influential works written during the so-called "Latin American Boom".
Regarded as one of Latin America's greatest historical novels, Explosion in a Cathedral deals with the impact of the French Revolution on the Caribbean. The main characters are all members of one family: two siblings, Carlos and Sofia, and their cousin Esteban. The narrative deals with the cyclical nature of control, destruction, and development during revolution. Stylistically, it contains elements of existentialism and magical realism, and it mirrors the tension between Europe and Latin America found in many of Carpentier's other works.
# Explosion vent

An explosion vent or rupture panel is a safety device to protect equipment or buildings against excessive internal, explosion-incurred pressures, by means of pressure relief. An explosion vent will relieve pressure from the instant its opening (or activation) pressure p$_{stat}$ has been exceeded.
Several explosion vent panels can be installed on the same process vessel to be protected. Explosion vents are available in the versions self-destructive, non-self-re-closing and re-usable, self-re-closing.
Explosion vent construction must balance the contradictory requirements "low inertia" and "high strength". Inertia negatively affects an explosion vent's efficiency. High strength is required to endure the considerable forces that move the vent's venting element in order to open the venting orifice. Unintended disintegration must not cause disintegrating parts turning into a missile.
The evaluation of an explosion vent's efficiency and its range of application are subject to rules. See National Fire Protection Association 68, EN 14797.
During normal venting, the explosion is freely discharged, allowing flames to exit the process being protected. When the protected vessel or pipe is located indoors, ducts are generally used to safely convey the explosion outside the building. However, ductwork has disadvantages and may result in decreased venting efficiency. Flameless venting, in combination with explosion vents, can extinguish the flame from the vented explosion without the use of expensive ducting, limitations to equipment location, or more costly explosion protection.
# Marolles-en-Brie

Marolles-en-Brie is the name of two communes of France:
* Marolles-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne
* Marolles-en-Brie, Val-de-Marne
# Marolles-lès-Bailly

Marolles-lès-Bailly (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.