OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ursus C-45

The Ursus C-45 and C-451 was a popular Polish model of tractor. It was manufactured from 1947 to 1959 by the Ursus Factory in Warsaw, and from 1960 to 1965 by Zakłady Mechaniczne in Gorzów Wielkopolski.

## History

Production of the Ursus C-45 model began in 1946. Due to the need to begin production quickly, the Ursus company decided to implement the Lanz Bulldog D 9506 model as their URSUS C-45 because of the war indemnity that Germany was forced to pay by starting the 2nd World War. A part of Germany's war indemnities was the provision of production data and plans of the Lanz-Bulldog. Similar productions or also "copies" of the legendary Lanz-Bulldog are the 'Pampa Bulldog' in Argentina or the 'LE PERCHERON' in France. Examples of this German model were prevalent in the formerly German parts of post-war Poland, left behind following the expulsion of Germans at the end of World War II. Apart from its proximity and prevalence, the model also was advantageously high-powered relative to its simple construction and operation. Technical documentation for the C-45 was completed in July 1946 and was carried out under the guidance of Edward Habich. Under the designation LB-45, Habich built the first prototype in 1947, which was presented at the Labour Day parade in Warsaw on 1 May. Full production of the tractors was launched in September, with 130 units built by the end of 1947.
The C-45 had a one-cylinder, two-stroke engine, with a maximum power of 33 kW (45 hp) and a cylinder capacity of 10,300 cc. The gearbox was 3-speed and the cylinder was placed horizontally. To start the engine, it was first heated by a blow lamp. Then, the steering wheel was removed, along with the column, and slid into one of the flywheels. By then turning the steering wheel, the engine was started. This process required physical strength and skill.
At the beginning of its production life, the C-45 was manufactured with steel wheels. Modernising modifications were made to the tractor in later years, resulting in the improved C-451.
The very first C-45, serial number 0001, worked 12,000 hours without intervening overhaul. Approximately 6,000 C-45 and C-451 tractors were exported to Brazil, China, and Korea.

## C-451

The C-451 was the result of modifications made to the ageing C-45 in 1954. These changes included simplified operation, a more efficient fan, surface-hardened crankshaft, headlight, hydraulic lift, and starting gasoline fuel injection. A metal frame was fixed to the windscreen, rear fenders were fitted, and a canvas cab was added. The production of the C-451 in Warsaw was completed in 1959, with a total construction of 50,000 units.
From 1960 to 1965, the C-451 was manufactured by Zakłady Mechaniczne in Gorzów Wielkopolski, after the technical documentation was passed to them.
# Norman Priggen

Norman Priggen (7 July 1924 in London – December 1999 in Uckfield, East Sussex) was a British film producer and assistant film director. He was an assistant director on Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949). As a producer he is best remembered for his work with Joseph Losey in the 1960s and early 1970s. Among his production credits are The Cruel Sea (1953), The Professionals (1960), Payroll (1961), The Servant (1963), King & Country (1964), Accident (1967), Secret Ceremony (1968), The Go-Between (1971), Black Gunn (1972), The Assassination of Trotsky (1972), Tales That Witness Madness (1973), and Freddie as F.R.O.7 (1992).
# Final Cut (novel)

Final Cut is the third novel by the English S. J. Watson, published in August 2020 by Transworld Publishers under their imprint Doubleday.

## Location

In an interview for Crime Fiction Lover, Watson reveals that "I've always loved books in which the setting feels very particular, and almost like a character in itself... I think it's a case of using the real place as a leaping off point – taking from it the things that are evocative and that lend the work the tone you're looking for, while also bending it to my own fictional needs. Robin Hood's Bay had exactly the atmosphere I wanted, but I didn't want to set the book there as I needed to take liberties with the setting and the characters."

## Plot

Documentary filmmaker Alex travels to Blackwood Bay, a quaint former smugglers' Yorkshire village set on a rugged coast. Her task is ostensibly to chronicle the inhabitants but she has a hidden agenda to investigate the disappearance of three teenage girls. A website has been set up inviting the villagers to submit videos themselves, for Alex to moderate. Alex herself suffers from fugue state and cannot recall her childhood but remembers that she lived in Blackwood Bay as a child. The past catches up with Alex as the current teenage girls living in the village are also in danger...

## Reception

Dipal Acharya in Evening Standard explains that Watson "attempts to navigate some complex questions raised by social media, such as how our default communities are more likely to be found online than next door, how we document everything from banal daily rituals to shocking acts of abuse on our smartphones so relentlessly and openly, the disconnect between our online and real life personas which embolden us in damaging ways, as well as how we process trauma." But Dipal concludes that "his investigation of these themes is undermined by the plot, which veers between improbable and completely implausible. As with so many books that follow successful debuts, it is also frustratingly long. Ironically, Final Cut could do with a little trim.
More reviews are more positive though:
Alison Flood writing in The Observer praises the novel "The reader begins to suspect the reality of Alex’s past just as she does, with Watson adroitly bringing the strands of his story together to create a disturbing journey to a shocking truth.
Kirkus Reviews writes "Watson gradually turns up the heat while carefully teasing out wicked secrets...and Alex, who has her own secrets, makes an appealing, if possibly unreliable, narrator. The darkness runs deep in this skillfully plotted chiller."
In Publishers Weekly, Clare Conville writes " A tight, brisk plot drives this sharp character study. Watson perfectly capture small town ennui while illustrating how corruption can hide in plain sight."
# Up the Country (novel)

Up the Country : A Tale of Early Australian Squattocracy (1928) is a novel by Australian writer Miles Franklin.
Originally published as by "Brent of Bin Bin", this novel forms the first part of a trilogy, followed by Ten Creeks Run (1930) and Cockatoos (1955).

## Story outline

The novel is set somewhere in the southeast of New South Wales, in Snowy River country, and follows the story of two families, the Pooles and the Mazeres, and their neighbors.

## Critical reception

In a major review of the novel in The Brisbane Courier literary critic Nettie Palmer noted that this book helped fill a missing section of books about Australia, "books about the Australian pioneering that was not just a struggle with drought in the Never Never." She continued: "The book is something between a novel and reminiscences, rather formless and with an overcrowded canvas; and life bubbles up through it at every part."
A reviewer in The West Australian was also impressed with the book: "There have been few books of the kind published in recent years which can compare in stark simplicity of style and vivid description with Brent of Bin Bin's tale of the early Australian squattocracy, in which, though presumably the names of places and of people are disguised, there are many unmistakable evidences of truth and of actual events that happened in the days of long ago."
# Uttarakhand Residential University

Uttarakhand Residential University (URU), also known as Uttarakhand Aawasiya Vishwavidyalaya, is a state university located at Almora, Uttarakhand, India. It was established in 2016 by the Government of Uttarakhand through the Uttarakhand Aawasiya Vishwavidyalaya Act, 2016 (Act No. 20 of 2016). It is the second residential university in Uttarakhand following Doon University, and modeled after Jawaharlal Nehru University. The first Vice-Chancellor (VC) was H. S. Dhami, formerly VC of Kumaun University.

## Repeal Act

In June 2020, the Government of Uttarakhand repealed the Uttarakhand Aawasiya Vishwavidyalaya Act, 2016 through (Repeal) Act No.19 of 2020. Following that, the UGC removed URU from the list of state universities, effective August 2020.
# Nokia 6220 Classic

Nokia 6220 classic is a Symbian OS mobile phone announced by Nokia on 11 February 2008. It is notable for featuring a Xenon flash for its 5-megapixel camera, similar to Nokia N82 and often considered as a "budget" version of the N82. Despite its compact size, it offers features comparable to the Nseries lineup, though it lacks Wi-Fi and a 3.5 mm audio jack, probably to cut design and production costs.

## Features

* HSDPA-3.6M/10.2M/ WCDMA-900/2100 / DTM EGPRS-850/900/1800/1900 Class 11A/32B
* GPS navigation with Assisted GPS
* Symbian OS 9.3 with the S60 interface 3rd Edition.
* Secondary frontal camera for video phone calls (CIF+ resolution).
* 2.5 mm headjack for supplied headset.
* Micro USB connector.
* Bluetooth version 2.0 with A2DP profile.
* MicroSD SDHC card slot.
* Stereo FM radio with support for Visual Radio and RDS.
* Audio player supporting MP3, M4A, eAAC+, RealAudio 7,8,10, and WMA formats.
* 5.0-megapixel camera with autofocus, Carl Zeiss lens and Xenon flash.
* Video recording-VGA 640×480 @ 30 fps.
* H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, H.263, RealVideo 7,8,9/10 support.
* Java MIDP 2.1
# Uuriintuya Dagvasambuu

Uuriintuya Dagvasambuu (Mongolian: Дагвасамбуугийн Үүрийнтуяа) is a Mongolian artist. As a "contemporary master of Mongol Zurag", she incorporates traditional patterns and Buddhist motifs in her paintings and draws on experiences of Mongolian women and the everyday lives of post-nomadic Mongolia.

## Early life and career

Dagvasambuu was born in 1979 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. She received her bachelor's degree in 2002 from Mongolian University of Arts and Culture. Later in 2004, she graduated from the Mongolian State University of Education with a master's degree.
Dagvasambuu has exhibited extensively at international exhibitions such as Asia Pacific Triennial and Fukuoka Asian Art Triennale. She was part of the 2017 documenta 14 tour organized by Goethe Institute Mongolia in partnership with Mongolian Contemporary Art Support Association.
Dagvasambuu is married to a Mongolian artist and curator Batzorig Mart. In 2019, they had a joint exhibition exploring the extent of each other's influence on one another's work. Titled Assimilation Non-Assimilation, the exhibition was held at Art Space 976+, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

## Notable exhibitions
### Solo exhibitions

2018 ХАДГАЛАГДАХ, Art Space 976+, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

### Selected group exhibitions

2020 NADA Fair, Texas, USA
2020 Dallas Art Fair, Dallas, USA
2019 Assimilation Non-Assimilation, at Art Space 976+, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2019 The Art of Everyday, Sapar Contemporary, NY, USA
2016 The Garden of Winter Light (a space to linger), at Hanart TZ, Hong Kong
2015 8th Asia Pacific Triennial, Queensland, Australia
2014 5th Fukuoka Asian Art Triennale, Fukuoka, Japan
2014 Contemporary Art of Mongolia II, at Art Space 976+, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2013 Women in Between: Asian Women Artists 1984 -2012, Tochigi Prefectural Museum of Fine Arts, Japan
2012 Women in Between: Asian Women Artists 1984-2012, at Fukuoka Asian Art Museum, Japan
2012 9th Shanghai Biennale, Shanghai, China
2012 Arsenal 2012 Kyiv Biennial, Ukraine
2011 Between Heaven and Earth: Contemporary Art from the Centre of Asia, at Calvert 22, London, UK
2010 From Imagination to Creation, National Modern Art Gallery, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2010 Smoke in the Brain, Red Ger Art Gallery, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
2010 Modern Mongolia, Han Art Gallery, Hong Kong
2008 3rd Beijing Biennale, Beijing, China
2006 Art Expo, Las Vegas, USA

## Selected awards

Uuriintuya is a recipient of several prestigious awards including 2012 Grand Prix for Best Art from Association of Mongol Zurag, 2013 Grand Prix for Best Artworks of the Year from National Modern Art Gallery of Mongolia as well as 2018 Grand Prix for Best Artwork of the Year from Union of Mongolian Artists.
# Melor (disambiguation)

Melor is a Breton saint.
Melor may also refer to:
* Melor Sturua, Russian journalist
* Melor (state constituency), Kelantan, Malaysia
* Typhoon Melor (disambiguation)
# Uttleya marwicki

Uttleya marwicki is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
# Members of the Situationist International

List of people that, at different times, have been members of the Situationist International:

## Algerian Section

* Hadj Mohamed Dahou
* Abdelhafid Khatib

## American Section

* Robert Chasse
* Bruce Elwell
* Jan Horelick
* Tony Verlaan

## Belgian Section

* Walter Korun
* Attila Kotányi
* Rudi Renson
* Jan Strijbosch
* Raoul Vaneigem
* Maurice Wyckaert

## Dutch Section

* Anton Alberts
* Armando
* Constant
* Jacqueline de Jong
* Har Oudejans

## English Section

* Timothy (T. J.) Clark
* Chris Gray (1942–2009)
* Donald Nicholson-Smith
* Charles Radcliffe
* Ralph Rumney (1934–2002)

## French Section

* Francois de Beaulieu
* Michele Bernstein
* Patrick Cheval
* Alain Chevalier
* Guy Debord (1931 - 1994)
* Edith Frey
* Theo Frey
* Jean Garnault
* Anton Hartstein
* Herbert Holl
* Mustapha Khayati
* Ndjangani Lungela
* Rene Riesel
* Christian Sebastiani
* Patrick Straram
* René Viénet

## German Section
### The SPUR Group

* Erwin Eisch
* Heinz Hofl
* Renee Nele
* Gretel Stadler

#### Excluded in February 1962

* Lothar Fischer
* Dieter Kunzelmann
* Heimrad Prem
* Helmut Sturm
* Hans-Peter Zimmer

#### Not excluded in February 1962

* Uwe Lausen

### Non Spur members

* Hans Platschek

## Italian Section

* Giors Melanotte
* Walter Olmo
* Claudio Pavan
* Giuseppe Pinot-Gallizio
* Eduardo Rothe
* Paolo Salvadori
* Gianfranco Sanguinetti
* Piero Simondo
* Elena Verrone
* Glauco Wuerich

## Scandinavian Section

* Ansgar Elde
* Asger Jorn (1914–1973)
* Stefan Larsson
* Peter Laugesen
* Katja Lindell
* Jeppesen Victor Martin
* Jørgen Nash
* Hardy Strid

## No Section

* Ivan Chtcheglov
* Andre Frankin
* Jacques Ovadia
* Alexander Trocchi
# Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1868–1870

This is a list of members of the fifth parliament of the South Australian House of Assembly, which sat from 31 July 1868 until 2 March 1870. The members were elected at the 1868 colonial election.
| Name | Electorate | Term in Office |
| Richard Andrews | The Sturt | 1857–1860, 1862–1870 |
| Richard Baker | Barossa | 1868–1871 |
| George Thomas Bean | West Torrens | 1868–1870 |
| Neville Blyth | Encounter Bay | 1860–1867, 1868–1870, 1871, 1877–1878 |
| David Bower | Port Adelaide | 1865–1870, 1875–1887 |
| James Boucaut | The Burra | 1861–1862, 1865–1870, 1871–1878 |
| Henry Bright | Stanley | 1865–1884 |
| John Carr | Noarlunga | 1865–1879, 1881–1884 |
| Wentworth Cavenagh | Yatala | 1862–1875, 1875–1881 |
| John Cheriton | Mount Barker | 1868, 1868–1871 |
| John Colton | Noarlunga | 1862–1870, 1875–1878, 1880–1887 |
| Robert Cottrell | East Adelaide | 1868–1875 |
| John Dunn | Mount Barker | 1857–1868, 1868 |
| William Everard | Mount Barker | 1865–1870, 1871–1872 |
| Daniel Fisher | East Torrens | 1867–1870 |
| Joseph Fisher | The Sturt | 1868–1870 |
| Henry Fuller | West Adelaide | 1865–1870 |
| Lavington Glyde | Yatala | 1857–1875, 1877–1884 |
| John Hart | Light | 1857–1859, 1862–1866, 1868–1873 |
| Alexander Hay | Gumeracha | 1857–1861, 1867–1871 |
| Henry Hill | Port Adelaide | 1868–1870 |
| Henry Kent Hughes | Victoria | 1868–1875 |
| George Kingston | Stanley | 1857–1860, 1861–1880 |
| William Lewis | Light | 1868–1870 |
| William Ranson Mortlock | Flinders | 1868–1870, 1871–1875, 1878–1884 |
| John Bentham Neales | The Burra | 1857–1860, 1862–1870 |
| George Pearce | East Torrens | 1868–1870 |
| John Pickering | West Torrens | 1865–1868, 1870, 1871–1878 |
| Thomas Playford | Onkaparinga | 1868–1871, 1875–1887, 1887–1890, 1899–1901 |
| Hon Thomas Reynolds | East Adelaide | 1857–1862, 1862, 1864–1870, 1871–1872, 1872–1873 |
| John Riddoch | Victoria | 1865–1870, 1871–1873 |
| William Rogers | Mount Barker | 1858–1860, 1864–1865, 1868, 1868–1870, 1872–1875 |
| William Sandover | Gumeracha | 1868–1870 |
| Philip Santo | Barossa | 1860–1870 |
| William Knox Simms | West Adelaide | 1868–1870, 1871–1876, 1878–1881 |
| Frederick Spicer | The Sturt | 1870 |
| Augustine Stow | Flinders | 1866–1868 |
| Hon Henry Strangways | West Torrens | 1858–1871 |
| William Townsend | Onkaparinga | 1857–1882 |
| Alfred Watts | Flinders | 1862–1866, 1868–1875 |
    $^1$ John Cheriton and William Rogers were initially declared elected as the two members for Mount Barker, but their election was challenged and they were unseated on 11 August 1868. Cheriton was re-elected in the resulting by-election on 3 September, but Rogers was defeated by John Dunn. Dunn's election was then challenged, and his election was voided on 9 October. Rogers then won a second by-election on 5 November.
    $^2$ The Sturt MHA Richard Andrews resigned on 18 January 1870. Frederick Spicer won the resulting by-election on 10 February.
    $^3$ The seat of West Torrens MHA was declared vacant on 20 January 1870 due to George Bean's non-attendance. John Pickering won the resulting by-election on 10 February.
# First Presbyterian Church (Seymour, Indiana)

First Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at 301 N. Walnut Street in Seymour, Jackson County, Indiana. Completed in 1884, it is a one-story, Late Gothic Revival style brick building with a cross-axial plan. It features a prominent corner bell tower and large art glass windows measuring 18 feet wide by 22 feet high.$^{:2}$
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.
# Five Canyons Open Space

Five Canyons Open Space (FCOS) is located in Castro Valley, in Alameda County, California. Five Canyons is a multi-agency collaboration between East Bay Regional Parks District (EBRPD), Alameda County Public Works, Hayward Area Recreation and Parks District (HARD), and several homeowners associations. EBRPD is the lead agency for this open space. FCOS opened in 1998, consists of 300 acres (1.2 km$^2$) and 5 miles (8.0 km) of trails and has almost no amenities. The main visitors are hikers, bicyclists, equestrians and dog walkers. Restrooms and drinking water are available at HARD's nearby Five Canyons Park.
FCOS is open daily from 8:00 AM until dusk. There are no fees for parking or for dogs. There are no wheelchair-accessible facilities, no restrooms, no drinking water, no picnic facilities, and no reservable campgrounds.
The Bay Area Ridge Trail connects FCOS to Cull Canyon Regional Recreation Area to the north and Don Castro Regional Recreation Area to the west. At some future time, the trail will also connect to Garin Regional Park, Dry Creek Regional Park and Mission Peak Regional Preserve.
# Euromod

Euromod, officially stylised as EUROMOD, is a European Union-wide tax-benefit model originally maintained, developed and managed by the Institute for Social and Economic Research at the University of Essex. Since 2021 Euromod is maintained, developed and managed by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, in collaboration with Eurostat and national teams from the EU countries. It belongs to the class of static microsimulation models and has modules for all 27 EU member states (and the UK until 2021).

## Summary of the model

Euromod allows researchers and analysts to simulate, evaluate and compare the impact of tax-benefit policies in terms of households' disposable, as well as computing poverty, inequality and budgetary indicators. The model can be used for analysing the effects of already existing policies and to evaluate tax-benefit policy reforms. The model also offers extended functionalities that allow the user, among other features, to compute marginal tax rates and net replacement rates (as indicators of work incentives), apply tax compliance adjustments, construct hypothetical families or change labour market conditions. Euromod is intended to produce models and results that are comparable across EU countries.
Euromod is an open access platform, with active users across Europe but also the Global South where the platform is used with Southmod models. It is based on three key components: software, model (coded policy rules) and the input microdata. The policy rules embedded in Euromod are updated to the existing policies on the 30 June of each year. The underlying microdata are based on EU-SILC and set to Euromod's standard set of protocols.
Since April 2021, the Euromod website offers the Euromod-JRC interface, a simplified version of EUROMOD in which users can change parameters of personal income taxes and social insurance contributions. Researchers and policy analysts can access it upon request.

## Publications

Euromod has been producing several studies and have released hundreds of publications about various policy changes across the EU. Euromod's most common types of publication are books, research papers, parliamentary papers and journal articles. The subjects of the publications vary from income dynamics and poverty, to welfare benefits and taxation.

## Selected list of works

* An update, a correction, and an extension, of an evaluation of an illustrative Citizen’s Basic Income scheme - addendum to EUROMOD working paper EM12/17 (Torry. M, 22 March 2018)
* Income tax in Scotland: 2017 update (Berthier. A and Hudson. N, 15 Dec 2017)
* Incentives to enter the labour market in Latvia (Pluta. A, 2 May 2016)
* Inequalities within couples: market incomes and the role of taxes and benefits in Europe (Figari. F, Immervoll. H, Levy.H and Sutherland. H, 1 Nov 2007)
# William Gleeson (hurler, fl. 1880s)

William Gleeson was an Irish sportsperson in the 1880s. Born in Cork he played hurling with the Tower St. club that won the senior county championship in 1888. As a result of this Gleeson became the first man to captain a team representing Cork in the Munster Championship. Unfortunately, the 1888 championship was never completed owing to a Gaelic Athletic Association tour to the United States.
# Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

Gennady Semyonovych Bisnovatyi-Kogan is an astrophysicist. He is known for predicting binary radio pulsars.
Bisnovatyi-Kogan was a student at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology from 1958-1964. He was a postgraduate student at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics from 1964-1967.
Bisnovatyi-Kogan's PhD thesis was titled "Late stages of stellar evolution" (1968, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics). His doctoral thesis was titled "The equilibrium and stability of stars and stellar systems" (1977, Russian Space Research Institute).
He was employed as a Junior Scientific Fellow at Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics from 1967-1974. Since 1974 he has worked at the Russian Space Research Institute.
# Our Lady of Perpetual Help Parish (New Bedford, Massachusetts)

Our Lady of Perpetual Help Parish is a Roman Catholic parish designated for Polish immigrants in New Bedford, Massachusetts, United States.
Founded in 1905, Our Lady of Perptual Help is one of the Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New England in the Diocese of Fall River. Since the 1930s, the parish has been staffed by the Conventual Franciscans.
Parish has been closed on Jan 20, 2022.