OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# XXII Tactical Air Command

The XXII Tactical Air Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Twelfth Air Force, at Pomigliano Airfield, Italy, where it was inactivated on 4 October 1945.
The command was formed in the southeast United States in early 1942. It moved to the United Kingdom in September 1942 and to North Africa during October–November 1942. Served in combat in the Mediterranean theater until the end of the war. Inactivated in Italy

## Lineage

* Constituted as the 12th Interceptor Command on 26 February 1942
    Activated on 5 March 1942
    Redesignated 12th Fighter Command 15 May 1942
    Redesignated XII Fighter Command c. 24 September 1942
    Redesignated XXII Tactical Air Command in November 1944
    Inactivated on 4 October 1945
    Disbanded on 8 October 1948

### Assignments

* Third Air Force, 5 March 1942
* Twelfth Air Force, 12 September 1942 – 4 October 1945 (attached to Eighth Air Force, 12 September-26 October 1942)

### Stations

* Drew Field, Florida, 5 March-27 August 1942
* RAF Wattisham, England, 12 September 1942
* RAF Bushey Hall, England, 17 September-26 October 1942
* Oran Tafaraoui Airport, Algeria, 8 November 1942
* La Senia Airfield, Algeria, 12 November 1942
* Tebessa Airfield, Algeria, December 1942
* La Senia Airfield, Algeria, 12 January 1943
* Algiers, Algeria, 20 March 1943
* Caserta, Italy, 14 July 1944
* Florence Airfield, Italy, 15 September 1944
* Pomigliano Airfield, Italy, August-4 October 1945

### Components
#### Wings

* 1st Air Defense Wing (later 62d Fighter Wing): 30 January 1943 – 12 September 1945
* 2d Air Defense Wing (later 63d Fighter Wing): 27 January 1943 – 14 June 1945
* 3rd Air Defense Wing: 22 February – 9 March 1943
* 87th Fighter Wing: 11 January 1944 – 1 April 1945.

#### Groups

* 1st Fighter Group: 14 September – 24 December 1942
* 14th Fighter Group: 14 September – 11 December 1942
* 31st Fighter Group: 27 September – November 1942
* 33d Fighter Group: 6 December 1942 – 13 January 1943
* 47th Bombardment Group: 15 September 1944 – 7 June 1945
* 52d Fighter Group: 14 September 1942 – 18 February 1943 (attached to Tunis Fighter Sector after c. 19 January 1943)
* 79th Fighter Group: assigned 20 September 1944 – 1 October 1944 (attached to 64th Fighter Wing to 30 September 1944); attached 12 May – 7 June 1945
* 86th Fighter Group: 15 September 1944 – 20 February 1945
* 332d Fighter Group: 15 September 1944 – 20 February 1945

#### Squadrons

* 1st Emergency Rescue Squadron, 12 March − 1 October 1944 (attached to Mediterranean Allied Coastal Air Force after 14 September 1944)
* 414th Night Fighter Squadron: 1 April – 7 June 1945
* 417th Night Fighter Squadron: 1 April – 17 August 1945
# Erden Alkan

Erden Alkan (born 12 February 1941) is a Turkish actor living in Germany. He studied at the Max Reinhardt Theatre School in Vienna after graduating from Vefa High School in Istanbul.

## Filmography

Film :
| Year | Film | Role |
| 2018 | Deliler | Demirci |
| 2012 | Conquest 1453 | Chandarly Halil Pasha |
| 2008 | Evet, I Do! [de] | Ayhan |
| 2003 | Gate to Heaven | Forman Kaygun |
| 1999 | Lola + Bilidikid | Taxi driver |
| 1987 | Insan Avcilari | (uncredited) |
| 1973 | Gönülden Yaralilar | Kenan |
| 1971 | Battal Gazi Destanı | Kiryos Alyson |
| 2014 | Diriliş: Ertuğrul | Çandar Bey |
# Erdemşah, İmranlı

Erdemşah is a village in the İmranlı District of Sivas Province in Turkey. It is populated by Turks and had a population of 15 in 2023.
# Eric Richter

Eric Richter (born February 5, 1974) is an American musician and singer-songwriter from Denver, Colorado. He's best known for fronting the influential 90's emo band Christie Front Drive. He moved to New York City in 1996 and helped create the post-rock/electronica quintet Antarctica.
After Antarctica's demise in 1999, he started the power trio The 101. After releasing two LPs and one EP, they disbanded in 2006. His next project, Golden City released a 7" single on Sound Fiction (Norway) on March 9, 2009 and a 10"/CD EP on Magic Bullet Records on April 7, 2009. His current band, Highness released their debut LP Hold on May 14, 2013.
He also provided backing vocals on Jimmy Eat World's second full length, Static Prevails.
# Aldila

Aldila, Inc. is a sports equipment manufacturing company based in Carlsbad, California, United States. The company specializes in OEM and consumer golf club shafts, but also manufactures other carbon fiber products.
Aldila manufactures OEM shafts for many of the major golf club manufacturers including Callaway, TaylorMade and Ping, in addition to a range of Aldila branded consumer shafts. Production of shafts takes place outside of the United States, Vietnam, and China, while prepreg production occurs in Poway.
As the global economic downturn continued in late 2008, Aldila reduced its workforce in light of diminishing prospects for the golf industry going into 2009.
Aldilà is an Italian word meaning "the next life", "the after life", or "above and beyond" depending on the context in which it is used.

## Sponsored Tournaments

Aldila sponsors the Aldila Juniors at Oak Tree in the American Junior Golf Association.

## Advisory staff

Aldila has contracted the services of many professional golfers on an advisory basis. Players, past and present, who have worked with Aldila are listed below.
* Stuart Appleby
* Boo Weekley
* Nick Price
* Rich Beem
* Heath Slocum
* Paula Creamer
* Gary McCord
* Peter Kostis
# Video Chess

Video Chess is a chess game for the Atari VCS (renamed Atari 2600 in 1982) programmed by Larry Wagner and Bob Whitehead and released by Atari in 1979. Both programmers later developed games for Activision.

## Gameplay

The game is played from an overhead perspective. The player uses a cursor to select and move pieces, rather than using chess notation. If an attempted move is illegal, the move is blocked with a warning sound. If the right-most switch is set to A, the computer plays as white; setting it to B lets the player play as white. With the left switch, selecting A allows the board to be set as the player pleases, whereas selecting B sets up the board for a regulation chess game. Eight different difficulty levels have the computer-player take a variable amount of time to determine its moves, ranging from a few seconds to ten hours.

## Development

The box art of the first production run of the Atari Video Computer System features a chess piece, though Atari was not yet contemplating designing a chess game. A man from Florida supposedly sued Atari over the box art. Video Chess programmer Bob Whitehead said he was not aware of such a lawsuit.
At first, the console's strict hardware limitations seemed to preclude it hosting a chess program. The console's Television Interface Adaptor chip can only display three sprites in each scanline, or six (such as in Space Invaders) with the right programming. The eight-piece-wide chess board exceeds this limitation. Whitehead developed a technique he called Venetian blinds, in which a sprite's horizontal position is alternated between two values at every scanline, while the hardware outputs video signal. This results in one sprite being displayed as two objects, each composed of horizontal stripes. This technique allowed to display eight chess pieces in each row while using only four sprites.
Atari developed a bank switching ROM cartridge to allow Video Chess prototypes to exceed four kilobytes, the maximum without bank switching. The released version is 4KB at a time when most games were 2KB, and the bank switching technology from the prototype was later used for other Atari VCS games. It was one of six games labeled as "Special Edition" on the box, and some speculate that this designation on these games refers to a combination of the 4KB ROM size and other factors.

## Reception

Video magazine praised it as "a reward for Atari owners" which even basic chess players "should find rewarding for many hours of enjoyment". The reviewers were surprised that the gameplay was limited to a single player, and noted the high retail price of US$40 (equivalent to $170 in 2023), but they praised the programming which prevents illegal moves, and which includes more advanced chess concepts like castling and en passant capturing which had not yet become standard in all chess video games.$^{:77}$
# Doina (given name)

Doina is a Romanian name. People with this name include:
* Doina Bumbea (1950 – 1997), Romanian painter and abductee in North Korea
* Doina Cornea (1929 – 2018), Romanian human rights activist
* Doina Melinte (born 1956), Romanian retired athlete
* Doina Precup, Romanian AI researcher
* Doina Rotaru (born 1951), Romanian composer
* Doina Ruști (born 1957), Romanian novelist and writer
# Giuseppe Olivieri

Giuseppe Olivieri may refer to:
* Giuseppe Olivieri (composer) (fl. 1617 – c. 1623), Italian composer and poet
* Giuseppe Olivieri (racing cyclist) (1889–1973), Italian racing cyclist
# David Daly (academic)

David A. Daly (born 1940 in Michigan) is a fluency author, researcher, and center owner.

## Life and work

Daly was a moderately severe stutterer who went to school for speech therapy. After gaining improved fluency from a competent therapist he decided to devote his career to helping others who stuttered.
He performed considerable research in both cluttering and stuttering, and is known for his work with making cluttering diagnosis available and accessible to speech-language pathologists.
The "Predictive Cluttering Inventory" (PCI) is a worksheet that is used as a diagnosis tool for cluttering. It was first published in 1992, in his book The Source for Stuttering and Cluttering. It was revised in 1999 for an ASHA conference. The last revision, renamed the PCI, was in 2006.
Daly obtained his doctorate in Speech-Language Pathology from Pennsylvania State University and instructed at the Medical School campus of the University of Alabama at Birmingham for five years.
He was a professor at the University of Michigan from 1973 until he was given emeritus status by the University of Michigan in 1999. He was director of the speech clinic and the aphasia clinic. Daly is a fellow of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. In 2003, he received the Frank Kleffner Lifetime Clinical Achievement Award in 2003 for his work with stuttering clients.
Daly created a Speech & Language Center in 1979 to diagnose and treat children and adults with speech and language disorders.

## Books

* The Freedom of Fluency
* The Source for Stuttering and Cluttering
* Speech motor exercises: Applying motor learning principles to stuttering and apraxia
# Municipality of Glamorgan

The Municipality of Glamorgan was a local government area in Tasmania which existed from 1860 to 1993. It was the first rural municipality in Tasmania. The council seat was located at Swansea.
It was proclaimed by Governor Henry Young on 23 January 1860 under the Rural Municipalities Act as the Rural Municipality of Glamorgan. The first council election was held on 29 February 1860, taking office from 1 March 1860. John Alexander Graham became the first warden. The proclamation followed a petition of local residents to the governor delivered on 15 October 1859.
The municipality covered an area of 439,000 acres, including the towns of Swansea, Bicheno, Seymour, Llandaff (now part of Bicheno) and Pontypool. It had six councillors, one of whom served as warden. It was unusual among rural municipalities in Tasmania that it also served as road trust and main roads, fruit, health and rabbit destruction boards; responsibilities generally the purview of separate bodies elsewhere. It was credited with much of the construction of main roads in the area. It owned Schouten Island for a period with a view to establishing a reserve for English game, but handed it back to the Crown when the idea was unsuccessful.
It was reconstituted as the Municipality of Glamorgan with effect from 2 January 1908 under the Local Government Act 1906, which abolished existing bodies as part of sweeping local government reform but established a municipality of the same name with similar boundaries. Its boundaries following the reconstitution were described as "extend[ing] from the Denison River on the East Coast, and takes in Schouten Island, and goes westerly to join the municipality of Campbell Town at Lake Leake". It was subdivided into three wards.
It amalgamated with the Municipality of Spring Bay to form the Glamorgan–Spring Bay Council in April 1993.
# Orange Township, Rush County, Indiana

Orange Township is one of twelve townships in Rush County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 827 and it contained 302 housing units.

## History

The Forsythe Covered Bridge, James F. Harcourt House, Moscow Covered Bridge, and John Wood Farmstead are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Geography

According to the 1566

### Unincorporated towns

* Gowdy at 39°31′08″N 85°33′47″W﻿ / ﻿39.5189369°N 85.5630287°W﻿ / 39.5189369; -85.5630287
* Moscow at 39°29′07″N 85°33′24″W﻿ / ﻿39.4853262°N 85.5566395°W﻿ / 39.4853262; -85.5566395
(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)
# Gerhard Milletich

Gerhard Milletich (born 1956) is an Austrian media entrepreneur and soccer official. He was the president of the Austrian Football Association from 2021 to 2023.

## Life

In 1985 Milletich joined the Compress Group, a publishing house of which he became managing director in 1990. When the Compress Group was sold to Bohmann Publishing in 1999, he became its co-managing director. In 2004, together with his co-managing director Gabriele Ambros, he bought the publishing house from its previous owner, the Dutch group Wolters Kluwer, and has since held a 50 percent stake in it. In 2011, under his leadership, Bohmann-Verlag took over Burgenländische Kabelfernsehen (BKF) and converted it into the regional broadcaster for the eastern region Schau TV, but sold it to KURIER Medienhaus in 2017 due to economic problems. In May 2020, it was announced that Milletich would move part of Bohmann-Verlag to his home municipality of Parndorf, and the topping-out ceremony for the media house in Parndorf was held in September of the same year.
In 2013, Milletich was granted the right to use the professional title Kommerzialrat due to his economic merits. He is married and has a daughter. Politically, he is by self-definition closer to the Social Democratic Party of Austria than to the turquoise Austrian People's Party, he also ran in 2012 on a rear list position of the Social Democratic Party of Austria for the Parndorf municipal council.
Gerhard Milletich is a member of the Burgenland Croatian ethnic group.

## Involvement as a soccer official

In 1993 Milletich became chairman of SC-ESV Parndorf, he held this position for 27 years until 2020. During this time, Milletich succeeded, among other things, the promotion to the Austrian Regionalliga East and subsequently twice to the Erste Liga, in which the club played a total of 3 seasons (2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2013/2014).
In 2012, Milletich became president of the Burgenland Football Association in addition to his chairmanship at SC/ESV Parndorf.
In September 2021, Milletich prevailed over his opponent, businessman Roland Schmid, in a tight vote in the ÖFB Election Committee for the office of ÖFB president in the 2nd round of voting with 7 to 3 votes, after there was a 5 to 5 stalemate in the 1st round.
On 17 October 2021, he was finally elected by the Ordinary Federal General Assembly of the ÖFB as its president for 4 years. He resigned from this office in January 2023. In the run-up to his resignation, allegations of corruption had been made.
# Černovice

Černovice may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Černovice (Blansko District), a municipality and village in the South Moravian Region
* Černovice (Chomutov District), a municipality and village in the Ústí nad Labem Region
* Černovice (Pelhřimov District), a town in the Vysočina Region
* Černovice (Plzeň-South District), a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region
* Brno-Černovice, a borough of Brno
# Černouček

Černouček is a municipality and village in Litoměřice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Geography

Černouček is located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Mělník and 28 km (17 mi) north of Prague. It lies in a flat landscape in the Lower Ohře Table, in the Polabí lowlands.

## History

The first written mention of Černouček is from 1100, when the village was donated to the Vyšehrad Chapter. From the 16th century until the establishment of a sovereign municipality, Černouček was part of the Roudnice estate and shared its owners.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 388 | — |
| 1880 | 427 | +10.1% |
| 1890 | 414 | −3.0% |
| 1900 | 438 | +5.8% |
| 1910 | 453 | +3.4% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 457 | +0.9% |
| 1930 | 451 | −1.3% |
| 1950 | 312 | −30.8% |
| 1961 | 346 | +10.9% |
| 1970 | 306 | −11.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 257 | −16.0% |
| 1991 | 211 | −17.9% |
| 2001 | 260 | +23.2% |
| 2011 | 278 | +6.9% |
| 2021 | 315 | +13.3% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

## Sights

The main landmark of Černouček is the Church of Saint Bartholomew. It was originally a Romanesque church. In 1769–1774, it was replaced by a new Baroque building.

## Notable people

* Josef Věromír Pleva (1899–1985), writer; taught in local school in 1929–1930
* Petr Pavel (born 1961), army general and president of the Czech Republic; lives here
* Eva Pavlová (born 1964), first lady of the Czech Republic, municipal assembly of Černouček; lives here

## Gallery

* St. Joseph statue in front of the church
* View of Černouček from Říp
* Municipal office, formerly a school
# Žabnica, Croatia

Žabnica is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D28 highway. It is surrounded by several villages : Haganj, Zvonik and Stara Kapela.
# Otomesostomatidae

Otomesostomatidae is a family of flatworms belonging to the order Proseriata.
Genera:
* Baikalotomesostoma Timoshkin, Lukhnev & Zaytseva, 2010
* Otomesostoma Graff, 1882
# Otog

Otog may refer to:
* Otog Banner, in Inner Mongolia, China
* Otog Front Banner, in Inner Mongolia, China
# Ota Weinberger

Ota Weinberger (20 April 1919 – 30 January 2009) was a Czech-Austrian jurist, legal philosopher, and logician. He was the Professor of Legal Science at the University of Graz and the University of Prague.

## Biography

Weinberger was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia on 20 April 1919 into an assimilated Jewish family of intellectuals. He was respected in the professional world as a logician and legal theorist who became known to a broad public beyond the academic framework as a political admonisher. For a long time, he suffered greatly from the political conditions in his homeland. As a Jew, he was first persecuted by the Third Reich. He was initially unable to complete his law studies at Masaryk University in his hometown and spent four years in concentration camps. After the war, he completed his studies and entered the court service.
As a democrat and liberal thinker, he refused to join the Czechoslovak Communist Party and was subsequently repressed by those in power. In the years 1953–1956, he had to work as a locksmith for political reasons. Despite the most adverse circumstances, he managed to embark on an academic career as a Professor at the Charles University in Prague, where he taught logic between 1956 and 1968.
In meantime, he defended his PhD dissertation at the Charles University in Prague named Studie k logice normativních vět: Proč nemá smyslu mluvit o pravdivosti normativních vět. Dvě oblasti logiky normativních vět. Theorie důslekových vztahů a podmíněná normativní věta. Několik poznámek k normativni interpretaci systémů K1 a K2 J. Kalinowského. In 1963, Weinberger became Docent (associate professor) at the same university.
During the Prague Spring in 1968, Weinberger was in Vienna at the World Congress of Philosophy and never returned to his homeland. Only after the collapse of communism was he rehabilitated in the Czech Republic. Weinberger died on 30 January 2009, after a long and serious illness.

## Thoughts

In his PhD dissertation, Weinberger defends the applicability of logic to norms or normative propositions respectively. He created a pioneer work of the then-new discipline of deontic logic he preferred the term logic of norms.

## Honours and awards

* 1989–1990: Humboldt Prize (Humboldt-Forschungspreis).
* 1989–1990: Gold Medal of Honor of the State of Salzburg (Land Salzburg das Goldene Ehrenzeichen).
* 1993: The University of Salzburg awarded him an honorary doctorate.
* 1994: Member of Academia Europaea.
* 2004: Čestný doktorát or Doctor Honoris Causa (Dr.h.c.) in juridical science at Masaryk University in Brno.
# Ottawa Braves

The Ottawa Braves are the athletic teams that represent Ottawa University, located in Ottawa, Kansas, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference (KCAC) since the 1982–83 academic year; which they were a member on a previous stint from their charter member days in 1902–03 to 1970–71). The Braves previously competed as a charter member of the Heart of America Athletic Conference (HAAC) from 1971–72 to 1981–82.

## Varsity teams

Ottawa competes in 31 intercollegiate varsity athletic teams: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, football, golf, lacrosse, powerlifting, soccer, tennis, track & field, volleyball and wrestling; while women's sports include basketball, beach volleyball, bowling, cross country, flag football, golf, lacrosse, powerlifting, soccer, softball, stunt, tennis, track & field, volleyball and wrestling; and co-ed sports include competitive cheer, competitive dance and eSports. Also OU offers varied intramural programs.

## Football

Ottawa University first put a football team on the field in 1891. As of the conclusion of the 2008 season, the total record of the football team is 132 years, 1,135 games, 597 victories, 491 defeats, 47 ties. Ottawa has won the KCAC Conference Championship 21 times and the Heart of America Athletic Conference 1 time. The current football coach is Nick Davis, who took over starting in 2022.
The team plays their games at AdventHealth Field

### Bowl games and postseason play

In 1972, Ottawa defeated the Friends University Falcons in the Mineral Water Bowl by a score of 27–20.
Ottawa's football team has qualified for the 1997, 2000,2003, 2009, 2010, 2011 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2023 NAIA Football National Championship playoffs.
* ↑ Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference Style Guide (PDF). July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
* 1 2 "Ottawa Braves". Ottawa University Braves. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
* ↑ "Nick Davis Named Head Coach for Ottawa University Braves Football". Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference. November 18, 2021. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
* ↑ "OU-AdventHealth Ottawa ink agreement". September 25, 2019. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
* ↑ Mineral Water Bowl All-time results
# Želenice (Kladno District)

Želenice is a municipality and village in Kladno District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
# Otto II the Generous

Otto II the Generous may refer to:
* Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg (after 1147–1205)
* Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1266–1330)
# Ženodraga

Ženodraga (Italian: Senandraghi) is a village in Višnjan-Visignano municipality in Istria County, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 22.
# Oudenone

Oudenone is a molecule found in fungus metabolism. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase.
# Ouder-Amstel Anders

Ouder-Amstel Anders is a small local political party in the municipality of Ouder-Amstel in the Netherlands.

## Election results

| Election | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats |
| Election | # | % | # | ± |
| 2010 | 638 | 10.7 | 1 / 15 | 1 |
| 2014 | 694 | 11.1 | 2 / 15 | 1 |
| 2018 | 1,134 | 17.5 | 3 / 15 | 1 |
| 2022 | 1,335 | 20.6 | 3 / 15 | 0 |
| Source: |||||