OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Euphorbia damarana

Euphorbia damarana also known as Damara milk-bush and locally as melkbos is a species of flowering plant native to Namibia.

## Taxonomy

Euphorbia damarana was described by Leslie Charles Leach and published in Bothalia 11: 500. 1975.

## Appearance

The plant consists of slender and grey stems growing up to a height of 2.5 meters. Yellow-brown capsules appear at the tips of the plant during the fruiting season. The plants may not bear fruit as individual plants are either male or female.

## Toxicity

The plant is regarded as one of the most toxic plants in Namibia, but specific studies into its toxicity are not known. It has been reported that the toxic milky latex of the plant is capable of killing animals and humans except rhino and oryx who feed upon it. It has been reported that if you have an open wound and come into contact with the plant its poison could kill you. Another story implicated it in the deaths of 11 Oshiwambo-speaking miners at the Uis Tin Mine after consuming food cooked over a fire of Euphorbia damarana.
A noted use is to contaminate watering holes with the plant's latex to poison and catch game which drink from the watering hole. The plant's toxic latex is highly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.
# Euphorbia cyathophora

Euphorbia cyathophora, known by various names including painted spurge, dwarf poinsettia, fire-on-the-mountain, paintedleaf, and wild poinsettia. Native to subtropical and tropical North and South America, it is widely naturalized elsewhere. They belong to the Cyathium type of inflorescence. Here, the inflorescence axis is convex in shape. Dwarf poinsettia is an annual herb growing up to 3 feet (0.91 metres) tall. It has green stems with leaves that are oblanceolate with lobed margins. It grows near disturbed sites.

## Invasiveness

Painted Spurge is naturalized in Queensland, New South Wales, Western Australia, including in national parks, such as Heron Island. It prefers open sunny areas and sandy soils, and therefore often invades coastal dunes. Due to its invasiveness, it is also found in smaller pantropical populations worldwide. It often forms dense clumps of plants, which are difficult to clear. It can spread via illegal dumping.

## Taxonomy

Like some of its common names suggest, Painted Spurge is in the Poinsettia subgenus and is closely related to the true poinsettia. Being in the Euphorbia genus, it is related to a number of invasive species.
# Outline of principles of interpretation

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the principles of interpretation:
Principles of interpretation – methods used to understand language and texts, primarily legal documents and sacred texts. Principles of interpretation may be used in the areas presented below...

## Christianity

* Biblical hermeneutics, the study of the principles of interpretation concerning the books of the Bible
* Biblical studies - Principles of Biblical interpretation
* Daniel 2 - Interpretation given by Daniel
* Daniel 7 - Interpretation given by Gabriel
* Daniel 8 - Interpretation given by Gabriel
* Johann Albrecht Bengel
* Cornelius Van Til
* List of Church Fathers - Tichonius

## Judaism

* Moshe Shmuel Glasner
* Talmudical hermeneutics

## Islam

* Qur'an - Interpretation and meanings
* Qur'anic hermeneutics

## Law and government

* Canadian constitutional law
* Traditional Chinese law
* Francis Lieber
* Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College
* Attorney General of Belize v Belize Telecom Ltd
* Interpretation (Catholic canon law)

## Other uses

* Heritage interpretation - "Tilden's principles" of interpretation
* Interpretive planning, an initial step in the planning and design process for informal learning-based institutions
# Everett McDonald

Everett McDonald ECA (born c. 1958) is a Canadian politician who was an elected member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta representing the electoral district of Grande Prairie-Smoky from 2012 to 2015. He formerly served as the Reeve of the County of Grande Prairie.

## Electoral history
### 2015 general election

vte2015 Alberta general election: Grande Prairie-Smoky :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Wildrose | Todd Loewen | 5,343 | 33.17% | -8.04% |
| | New Democratic | Todd Russell | 5,009 | 31.10% | 24.75% |
| | Progressive Conservative | Everett McDonald | 4,968 | 30.84% | -14.95% |
| | Liberal | Kevin McLean | 787 | 4.89% | -0.01% |
| Total | Total | Total | 16,107 | – | – |
| Rejected, spoiled and declined | Rejected, spoiled and declined | Rejected, spoiled and declined | 42 | – | – |
| Eligible electors / turnout | Eligible electors / turnout | Eligible electors / turnout | 32,930 | 49.04% | 6.54% |
| | Wildrose gain from Progressive Conservative | Wildrose gain from Progressive Conservative | Swing | Swing | -1.25% |
| Source(s) Source: "Grande Prairie-Smoky Official Results 2015 Alberta general election". Elections Alberta. Retrieved May 21, 2020. |||||||

### 2012 general election

vte2012 Alberta general election: Grande Prairie-Smoky :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Progressive Conservative | Everett McDonald | 5,458 | 45.79% | -13.64% |
| | Wildrose | Todd Loewen | 4,912 | 41.21% | 28.14% |
| | New Democratic | Mary Dahr | 757 | 6.35% | -4.02% |
| | Liberal | Kevin McLean | 583 | 4.89% | -8.68% |
| | Independent | Andrew Muise | 209 | 1.75% | – |
| Total | Total | Total | 11,919 | – | – |
| Rejected, spoiled and declined | Rejected, spoiled and declined | Rejected, spoiled and declined | 34 | – | – |
| Eligible electors / turnout | Eligible electors / turnout | Eligible electors / turnout | 28,126 | 42.50% | 12.73% |
| | Progressive Conservative hold | Progressive Conservative hold | Swing | Swing | -20.64% |
| Source(s) Source: "Grande Prairie-Smoky Official Results 2012 Alberta general election". Elections Alberta. Retrieved May 21, 2020. |||||||
# Euroinnova Business School USA

Euroinnova International Online Education is a business school specializing in online courses for further education up to a master's degree. It was founded in Granada, Spain in the year 2000. The school is currently based in the United States, and has a presence in six countries in Latin America: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela.

## Demographics and statistics

As of 2022, Euroinnova offers more than 19,000 online courses. Based on a 2014 report, Euroinnova reached 150,000 pupils divided into more than 70 different nationalities. Since 2010, Euroinnova on average enrolls more than 25,000 students per year. Euroinnova USA has over a hundred students. Students can also benefit from Euroinnova's Job and Internship Exchange program with Spanish or international companies.

## Associations

Euroinnova International Online Education is an associated member of the International Commission on Distance Education (UNESCO), and collaborates with the Spanish Professional Association of Naturopathy and Biotherapy (APENB). Euroinnova is also Institutional Member of the Spanish Society of Education (SEP) and features Trust Mark Online.

## Partnerships

Euroinnova has been expanding its catalogue of courses and postgraduate studies by partnering with traditional educational institutions, such as the Spanish universities Catholic University of Ávila, Pontifical University of Salamanca and Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), among a growing list of partners also from outside of Europe.
# Overclocked (album)

Overclocked is the first widely available studio album by American blues rock musician and computer scientist Jim Allchin. It was released on September 13, 2011 by Sandy Key Music. The title of the album and first track is a reference to overclocking – deliberately increasing the clock speed of a CPU past the rated amount – resulting in a faster system while generating increased heat often requiring additional cooling.

## Reception

Overclocked received widespread positive comments and ratings by reviewers.
# Overcoat Glacier

Overcoat Glacier is in the U.S. state of Washington. Overcoat Glacier is in both Wenatchee and Snoqualmie National Forests and flows north from Overcoat Peak and Chimney Rock. Overcoat Glacier descends from 7,200 to 6,000 ft (2,200 to 1,800 m).
# Macrocheilus asteriscus

Macrocheilus asteriscus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Anthiinae. It was described by White in 1844.
# Macrocheilus bensoni

Macrocheilus bensoni is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Anthiinae. It was described by Hope in 1838.
# Ouyang Xiaoping

Ouyang Xiaoping (Chinese: 欧阳晓平; born 24 January 1961) is a Chinese nuclear physicist who is a deputy director of the Department of Energy and Mining Engineering, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was an alternate member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Biography

Ouyang was born in Haikou, Guangdong (now belonged to Hainan), on 24 January 1961, while his ancestral home in Ningyuan County, Hunan. In 1979, he entered Hunan Lingling Normal College (now Hunan University of Science and Engineering) and later the Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology [zh], graduating in 1989 with a bachelor's degree in experimental nuclear physics. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in October 1991. From 1999 to 2000, he was a visiting scholar at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the United States. In 2002, he received his doctor's degree in particle physics and nuclear physics from Fudan University. From 2004 to 2006, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Tsinghua University.
In June 2014, he was recruited as dean of the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University. In October 2017, he became an alternate member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. In 2022, he took office as deputy director of the Department of Energy and Mining Engineering, Chinese Academy of Engineering.

## Personal life

Ouyang is married and has a daughter.

## Honours and awards

* 2012 Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation
* 2013 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
# Mackenzie Brown

Mackenzie Yee Brown (born March 14, 1995) is an American archer. She represented the United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro as the USA's only female archer. She represented the United States again at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

## Early life

She was born in Flint, Texas, where she spent her childhood and grew up around bowhunting. She is the daughter of Stacey and Chuck Brown. She is an Evangelical Christian. As of summer 2016, she resides in Chula Vista, California where she is a Resident Athlete at the U.S. Olympic Training Center.

## Archery career

Prior to her archery career, she participated in competitive swimming, hoping to eventually swim at the Olympic games. In her mid-teens, she discovered the sport of archery and dedicated her time completely to the sport, participating in the National Archery in the Schools program. Brown later participated in the Junior Olympic Archery Development club and participated in the 2012 Olympic Trials for archery, placing 16th, but did not earn a spot to the 2012 Summer Olympics. She won a team silver medal at the 2012 Pan American Championships, won an individual silver medal at the 2015 World Youth Championships, won a team bronze medal at the 2014 Pan American Championships, and won an individual silver medal at the 2015 World Archery Youth Championships. As of August 2016, she is the fourth ranked female archer in the world. As a result, she was named the sole female member of the United States archery team at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. In a major upset, Brown was defeated in the round of 32 of the women's individual event by Myanmar archer San Yu Htwe. She was nicknamed as the "Girl on Fire".

## Personal

Brown stated that she would not be getting a COVID-19 vaccine, and would not have participated at the 2020 Olympic Games had vaccination been mandatory.
# Osborne Earl Smith

Osborne Earl Smith may refer to:
* Ozzie Smith (Osborne Earl Smith; born 1954), American baseball player
* Nikko Smith (Osborne Earl Smith Jr.; born 1982), American singer-songwriter and Ozzie Smith's son
# Deal Warrior

The Deal Warrior, also known as the Mill Hill Warrior, is an Iron Age burial uncovered in Grave 112 at Mill Hill near Deal, Kent in 1988 by Dover Archaeological Group. It is well known for being suggested as the grave of a druid due to containing an almost-unique bronze headdress.

## Background

The grave, dated to around 250 to 150 BCE, contained the skeleton of a man in his thirties, short and slightly built. With the skeleton was a long iron sword, bronze fittings for a scabbard and belt, a bronze brooch studded with coral, and bronze fittings for a large shield. The quality of these finds suggests the grave was a high status burial, as swords were an expensive item available only to the aristocracy and their retainers, and the wealthier freemen.

## The crown

On the skull was a bronze headband, with the remains of another band that would have gone over the top. Both the skull and the "crown", as it came to be named, were badly damaged, thought by the archaeologists who discovered it to be the result of ploughing. Closer inspection after cleaning revealed it to be intricately decorated in the La Tène style. The bronze, now dull, would once have been burnished till it shone. Examination also revealed imprints of hair on the inside of the crown, indicating it was worn without a liner, also proving it was not worn over a leather helmet, as some had suggested.

## Druid theory

A connection has been drawn between this crown and headdresses found in later Romano-British religious sites at Hockwold, Norfolk, and Wanborough, Surrey. It also bears a resemblance to descriptions of Iron Age antiquarian finds from Newnham Croft, Cambridgeshire, Old Castle Down, Glamorganshire and Cerrig-y-Drudion, Clwyd. It has been suggested that headdresses found at Romano-British temples may have been following a long-standing tradition. The implied religious connection has led some historians to suggest that the Deal Warrior may well have been a druid, a member of the pre-Roman British intellectual and priestly class. Others have suggested the crown, together with the warrior nature of the burial, implies a military leader.
# Cédric Anger

Cédric Anger (born 1975 in Caen) is a French film director and screenwriter. He has directed four feature films: The Killer (2007), The Counsel (2010), Next Time I'll Aim for the Heart (2014), and Paris Pigalle (2018).

## Career

Anger was a critic for Cahiers du cinéma from 1993 to 2001, where he arrived at the age of 18 as a protégé of Jean Douchet. While in high school, Anger started a magazine which he sent to Douchet as well as Serge Daney and Alain Bergala. Douchet and Daney responded. On the occasion of Douchet introducing Robert Bresson's Pickpocket (1959) in a theater, Douchet advised Anger to write for Cahiers du cinéma. He traveled to Paris on the year of his graduation, where Douchet introduced him to Thierry Jousse. Anger began working for the magazine by the end of 1993, but left six months later to work as an assistant on André Téchiné's Thieves (1996) and on other films. He returned to Cahiers du cinéma at the beginning of 1995 when a new staff was taking charge of the magazine.
Anger got his start in film co-writing the screenplays for Xavier Beauvois's films To Matthieu (2000) and Le Petit Lieutenant (2005), the latter of which garnered Anger a nomination for Best Original Screenplay at the 31st César Awards. In 2002, he made his directorial debut with the short film Novela, which had a positive reception from critics as well as at festivals. That same year, he co-wrote the screenplay for Werner Schroeter's film Two (2002).
In 2007, he made his feature directorial debut, The Killer, a thriller starring Gilbert Melki, Mélanie Laurent and Grégoire Colin. In 2014, he directed his third film, Next Time I'll Aim for the Heart, inspired by the story of the killer gendarme Alain Lamare, and for which Anger received a nomination for Best Adaptation at the 40th César Awards.
In June 2024, Apple TV+ announced the six-part thriller series À l'ombre des forêts starring Benoît Magimel and Mélanie Laurent, created and directed by Anger.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Director | Screenwriter | Notes |
| 2000 | To Matthieu | No | Yes | |
| 2002 | Novela | Yes | Yes | Short film |
| 2002 | Two | No | Yes | |
| 2005 | Le Petit Lieutenant | No | Yes | Collaboration |
| 2007 | The Killer | Yes | Yes | |
| 2010 | The Counsel | Yes | Yes | |
| 2014 | In the Name of My Daughter | No | Yes | |
| 2014 | Next Time I'll Aim for the Heart | Yes | Yes | |
| 2017 | Golden Years | No | Yes | |
| 2017 | All That Divides Us | No | Yes | |
| 2018 | Paris Pigalle | Yes | Yes | |
| 2020 | How I Became a Super Hero | No | Yes | Collaboration |
| 2023 | Soul Mates | No | Yes | |
| 2023 | Wingwomen | No | Yes | |
| TBA | La Femme la plus riche du Monde | No | Yes | In-production |
| TBA | À l'ombre des forêts | Yes | Yes | Miniseries |

## Accolades

| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Film | Result | Ref. |
| César Awards | 25 February 2006 | Best Original Screenplay | Le Petit Lieutenant | Nominated | |
| César Awards | 20 February 2015 | Best Adaptation | Next Time I'll Aim for the Heart | Nominated | |
# Albatros C.VIII N

The Albatros C.VIII N was a German large, single engine biplane bomber, intended for night time operations, It was seriously underpowered and could only carry a small bomb load.

## Design and development

The C.III N was a large but underpowered three bay night bomber, as denoted by the N, its engine only just powerful enough to meet the Idflieg two seat C-class minimum requirement. It had straight edged, constant chord wings of about equal span and with parallel pairs of interplane struts. There were ailerons on both upper and lower planes.
A 119 kW (160 hp) inline Mercedes D.III mounted in the nose with its upper cylinders exposed drove a two blade propeller, with two tandem, open cockpits aft. The externally braced tailplane was at mid-fuselage height; the fin, broad and almost quadrant-edged, carried a balanced rudder which ended above the elevators. The C.VIII N landed on a fixed conventional undercarriage with a pair of mainwheels on a rigid axle and a tailskid.
The C.VIII N first flew in 1917 and it seems likely only one was built.

## Specifications

Data from German aircraft of the first World War p.257
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 7.34 m (24 ft 1 in)
* Wingspan: 16.34 m (53 ft 7 in)
* Powerplant: 1 × Mercedes D.III 6-cylinder water cooled inline, 120 kW (160 hp)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 135 km/h (84 mph, 73 kn)
* Time to altitude: 5 min to 1,000 m (3,280 ft)
Armament
* Guns: 1×Spandau machine gun and 1×Parabellum machine gun
* Bombs: light load under wing
# Mountain biking in the United Kingdom

Mountain biking in the UK comprises a mix of dedicated mountain bike trail centres and other areas that have become popular with mountain bikers despite lacking dedicated facilities. The main governing body for mountain bike racing in the UK is British Cycling (formerly the British Cycling Federation).

## Trail Centres in England

Cumbria and Lancashire
* Grizedale Trail Centre
* Whinlatter Trail Centre
East Midlands
* Eastridge Woods Trail Centre
* Sherwood Pines Trail Centre
East of England
* Thetford Forest Trail Centre
The North East
* Hansterley Forest Trail Centre
* Kielder Trail Centre
The North West
* Clayton Vale Mountain Bike Trails
* Gisburn Forest Trail Centre
The South East and London
* Aston Hill Mountain Bike Park
* Hadleigh Park Mountain Bike Trail Centre
* Surrey Hills
The South West
* Cannop Cycle Centre (Forest of Dean)
* Haldon Forest Trail Centre
* Lanhydrock Cycle Hub
West Midlands
* Cannock Chase Trail Centre
* Hopton Woods Trail Centre
Yorkshire and the Humber
* Dalby Forest Mountain Bike Trail Centre
* Stainburn Forest Trail Centre

## Trail Centres in Scotland

North Scotland
* Glenlivet Trail Centre
* Laggan Wolftrax Trail Centre
* Moray Monster Trail Centre
* Tarland Mountain Bike Trails
South Scotland, collectively known as the 7Stanes sites
* Ae Forest Mountain Bike Trail Centre
* Dalbeattie Trail Centre
* Glentress Trail Centre
* Glentrool Trail Centre
* Innerleithen Mountain Bike Trail Centre
* Kirroughtree Trail Centre
* Newcastleton Mountain Bike Trail Centre

## Trail Centres in Wales

North Wales
* Antur 'Stiniog Trail Centre
* Coed y Brenin Trail Centre
* Llandegla Trail Centre
Mid Wales
* Bwlch Nant yr Arian Trail Centre
* Coed Trallwm Trail Centre
South Wales
* Afan Forest Park Trail Centre
* Brechfa Trail Centre
* Cwmcarn Trail Centre

## Trail Centres in Northern Ireland

* Castle Ward Mountain Bike Trails

## British mountain bike manufacturers

* Boardman Bikes
* Dawes Cycles
* Orange Mountain Bikes
* Raleigh Bicycle Company
* Whyte (Bicycles)
* Hope Technology
* Airdrop Bikes
* Cotic
* Starling Cycles
* On-One Mountain Bikes
* Saracen Bikes
* Vitus Bikes
* Ragley Bikes
* BTR Fabrications
* Carbon Wasp
* Empire Cycles
* Robot Bike Co.
* Bird Cycleworks
* Dartmoor Bikes
# Crème fraîche (disambiguation)

Crème fraîche is a soured cream. It may also refer to:
* Creme Fraiche (horse), an American Thoroughbred racehorse
* "Crème Fraîche" (South Park), the 14th episode and season finale of the fourteenth season of American animated television series South Park