OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Durham tube

Durham tubes are used in microbiology to detect production of gas by microorganisms. They are simply smaller test tubes inserted upside down in another test tube so they are freely movable. The culture media to be tested is then added to the larger tube and sterilized, which also eliminates the initial air gap produced when the tube is inserted upside down. The culture media typically contains a single substance to be tested with the organism, such as to determine whether an organism can ferment a particular carbohydrate. After inoculation and incubation, any gas that is produced will form a visible gas bubble inside the small tube. Litmus solution can also be added to the culture media to give a visual representation of pH changes that occur during the production of gas. The method was first reported in 1898 by British microbiologist Herbert Durham.
One limitation of the Durham tube is that it does not allow for precise determination of the type of gas that is produced within the inner tube, or measurements of the quantity of gas produced. However, Durham argued that quantitive measurements are of limited value because of the culture solution will absorb some of the gas in unknown, variable proportions. Additionally, using Durham tubes to provide evidence of fermentation may not be able to detect slow- or weakly-fermenting organisms when the resultant carbon dioxide diffuses back into the solution as quickly as it is formed, so a negative test using Durham tubes does not indicate decisive physiological significance.
# List of gelechiid genera: S

The large moth family Gelechiidae contains the following genera:

## List of gelechiid genera

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Sarotorna
* Satrapodoxa
* Sattleria
* Sautereopsis
* Schistonoea
* Schistophila
* Schistovalva
* Schizovalva
* Schmidtnielsenia
* Schneidereria
* Scindalmota
* Sclerocecis
* Sclerocopa
* Sclerograptis
* Sclerophantis
* Scodes
* Scrobipalpa
* Scrobipalpoides
* Scrobipalpomima
* Scrobipalpula
* Scrobipalpuloides
* Scrobischema
* Scrobitasta
* Scythostola
* Semnostoma
* Semocharista
* Semophylax
* Sicera
* Siderea
* Simoneura
* Sinevia
* Sinoe
* Sitotroga
* Smenodoca
* Sophronia
* Sorotacta
* Spermanthrax
* Sphagiocrates
* Sphaleractis
* Sphenocrates
* Sphenogrypa
* Sriferia
* Stachyostoma
* Stagmaturgis
* Stegasta
* Stenoalata
* Stenolechia
* Stenolechiodes
* Stenovalva
* Steremniodes
* Stereodmeta
* Stereomita
* Sterrhostoma
* Stibarenches
* Stigmatoptera
* Stomopteryx
* Streniastis
* Strenophila
* Streyella
* Strobisia
* Struempelia
* Symbatica
* Symbolistis
* Symmetrischema
* Symmetrischemulum
* Symphanactis
* Synactias
* Syncathedra
* Syncopacma
* Syncratomorpha
* Syndesmica
* Syngelechia
* Syngenomictis
* Syringopais
* Syrmadaula
* Systasiota
# Luckow, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Luckow is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The municipality is administered by the office Am Stettiner Haff with seat in Eggesin.

## Districts

* Luckow
* Christiansberg
* Fraudenhorst
* Rieth
* Riether Stiege
* Island Riether Werder in the bay Neuwarper See

## History

The southern shore and the hinterland of the Szczecin Lagoon were inhabited thousands of years ago, as evidenced by spearheads and fist wedges. The area belonged to the Duchy of Pomerania, then to Swedish Pomerania from 1648 to 1720. Luckow was part of the Prussian Province of Pomerania from 1720 to 1945, of the State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern from 1945 to 1952, of the East German Bezirk Neubrandenburg from 1952 to 1990 and since 1990, again of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
Luckow was a Slavic complex. In 1260 it was mentioned as Luckowe (in German: Wiesengrund) in a deed of transfer. The timber-framed church in Luckow was built in 1726. Luckow was owned by the von Bröcker and Muckerwitz family until 1782.
Christiansberg was founded in 1822 and settled by day labourers. The botanical garden was established in 1982 and comprises a collection of plants from all over the world. Deciduous trees, conifers and magnolias as well as more than 300 rhododendron plants, a shrub area, a heath garden and a rock garden can be found here.
Fraudenhorst: Near Fraudenhorst stands one of the oldest groups of yews in Germany. The trees are between 500 and 800 years old. Luckow: The half-timbered church in Luckow was built in 1726. Luckow was owned by the von Bröcker and Muckerwitz family until 1782.
Mönkeberg was founded by monks from Ueckermünde in 1290.
Rieth was first mentioned in a document in 1252. From 1317 to 1648 and again from 1690 to the 18th century the estate was in the possession of the family Bröker. The church was built after 1648. The manor house, built for the von Bülow family, dates from 1841. The village was an independent municipality until 31 December 1997.
# EBM

EBM or Ebm may stand for:
* El Borma Airport, in Tunisia
* Ecosystem-based management

## Science and technology

* Electron-beam machining
* Electron-beam melting
* Electronic ballot marker
* Espresso Book Machine, a print-on-demand machine
* Evidence-based medicine, an approach to medical research and practice
* Energy-based model, a machine learning model

## Companies and organizations

* Elektra Birseck Münchenstein, a Swiss energy company
* English Biscuit Manufacturers, a Pakistani biscuit manufacturer
* Swedish Economic Crime Authority (Swedish: Ekobrottsmyndigheten)
* Écoles Belges au Maroc, Belgian international schools in Morocco

## Music

* Electronic body music, an electronic music genre
* E-flat minor (E♭m)
* EBM (album), a 2022 album by British indie rock band Editors
# Detrusor muscle

The detrusor muscle, also detrusor urinae muscle, muscularis propria of the urinary bladder and (less precise) muscularis propria, is smooth muscle found in the wall of the bladder. The detrusor muscle remains relaxed to allow the bladder to store urine, and contracts during urination to release urine. Related are the urethral sphincter muscles which envelop the urethra to control the flow of urine when they contract.

## Structure

The fibers of the detrusor muscle arise from the posterior surface of the body of the pubis in both sexes (musculi pubovesicales), and in the male from the adjacent part of the prostate. These fibers pass, in a more or less longitudinal manner, up the inferior surface of the bladder, over its apex, and then descend along its fundus to become attached to the prostate in the male, and to the front of the vagina in the female. At the sides of the bladder the fibers are arranged obliquely and intersect one another.
The three layers of muscles are arranged longitudinal-circular-longitudinal from innermost to outermost.

## Nerve supply

The detrusor muscle is innervated by the autonomic nervous system.
During urination, parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves act primarily on postganglionic M$_3$ receptors to cause contraction of the detrusor muscle.
At other times, the muscle is kept relaxed via sympathetic branches from the inferior hypogastric plexus to allow the bladder to fill.

## Clinical significance

In older adults over 60 years in age, the detrusor muscle may cause issues in voiding the bladder, resulting in uncomfortable urinary retention.
The bladder also contains β$_3$ adrenergic receptors, and pharmacological agonists of this receptor are used to treat overactive bladder.
The mucosa of the urinary bladder may herniate through the detrusor muscle. This is most often an acquired condition due to high pressure in the urinary bladder, damage, or existing connective tissue disorders.
# Orville D. Baker

Orville Dewey Baker (23 December 1847 – 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 24th attorney general of Maine between 1885 and 1888.
Baker was the nephew of Maine's second attorney general, Jonathan P. Rogers, who was Baker's maternal uncle.

## Early life and education

Orville Baker was born to Joseph Baker and Frances Baker (née Gilman) on 23 December 1847 in Augusta, Maine. He attended Bowdoin College when he was aged 16 through 20, from 1864 to 1868. He was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity and Phi Beta Kappa honor society. He was valedictorian of his graduating class. He spent two years thereafter traveling Europe before returning to the United States to read law in his father's firm.
In 1871 he completed a Master of Arts program at Bowdoin College. In 1872, he graduated from Harvard Law School. Despite receiving offers to teach at Southern University and his alma mater, Harvard Law School, Baker decided to immediately enter the legal profession. He was admitted to the Kennebec County bar in 1872.
Baker never married and had no known children.

## Legal career

Baker was admitted to the bar of the US Supreme Court in 1883, just a decade after his admittance to the bar in Maine. During this time, he represented clients such as Western Union Telegraph and Edwards Manufacturing.
He was elected by the Maine Legislature to serve as the state's attorney general on January 8, 1885. His term ended in January 1885.
Baker died in 1908. At the time of his death he was president of the Maine Bar Association.
# Orville Bulman

Orville Bulman (June 6, 1904 - January 4, 1978) was an American businessman-turned-painter. He owned a gallery on Worth Avenue in Palm Beach, Florida, and he did over 2,000 paintings over the course of his career.

## Early life

Bulman was born on June 6, 1904, in Grand Rapids, Michigan. His father, E. O. Bulman, was the founder of the E. O. Bulman Manufacturing Company, and the inventor of household gadgets and industrial devices.
Bulman graduated from Grand Rapids High School.

## Career

Bulman worked as a newspaper cartoonist in Chicago for a year, only to return to Grand Rapids and work for his family businesses, the E. O. Bulman Manufacturing Company and the Bulman Corporation. He eventually served as the president of both companies.
Bulman subsequently moved to Palm Beach, Florida, where he owned a gallery on Worth Avenue via Parigi. He did many paintings of the fauna and flora of Haiti, where he had lived in the 1950s, as well as of houses and Indian women. He did over 2,000 paintings over the course of his career. Notable collectors included Mrs Harry Lynde Bradley and William B. Ruger.

## Personal life and death

Bulman resided on Hypoluxo Island, Palm Beach County with his wife.
Bulman died on January 4, 1978, in Palm Beach, Florida.
# Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The Osgoode Hall Law Journal (ISSN 0030-6185) is a law review affiliated with Osgoode Hall Law School of York University, Toronto, Canada. It has been publishing continuously since 1958.
# Osgoode

* Osgoode Hall, building in Toronto, Canada
* Osgoode Hall Law School
* Osgoode Station, rapid transit station in Toronto
* Osgoode, Ontario
* Osgoode Township, Ontario, ward in Ottawa
* William Osgoode, first Chief Justice of Upper Canada
# Osma Gallinger Tod

Lucy Osma Palmer Gallinger Tod (January 18, 1895 – January 10, 1983) was an American artist, writer, and arts educator, specializing in weaving, basketry, and other craft techniques.

## Early life

Lucy Osma Palmer was born in Newark, New Jersey, the daughter of William E. Palmer and Alice Cornelia Hoyt Palmer. Her father was a clergyman. She studied piano and graduated from Wellesley College.

## Career

During World War II, Gallinger and her second husband ran a weaving studio and loom factory in Guernsey, Pennsylvania, near Gettysburg. One of their products was a loom for bed use, intended to be used by convalescent soldiers as occupational therapy. They also launched a home-weaving program in Michigan. She was head of the National Conference of American Handweavers for twenty years. In the 1960s and 1970s she taught at her weaving studio in Coral Gables, Florida. The Coral Gables Library and the Weavers Guild of South Florida held a retrospective show of Tod's work in 1981.
Books by Tod included Basket Pioneering (1933, with Daniel Carter Beard), Earth Basketry (1933), Embroidery in Wools (1933), The Game of Weaving (1938, with Constance Darrow and Dorothy McCloud), Joys of Handweaving (1944), Rug Weaving for Everyone (1952), Designing and Making Handwoven Rugs (1957), Bobbin Lace: Step-by-Step (1969), Household Baskets (1970), Basketry: A Popular Handbook, Wool Stitchery, Manual of Helpful Hints for Handweavers (1974), and Weaving with Reeds and Fibers (1975, with Oscar H. Benson). She also edited a magazine about weaving, Shuttle Service, wrote hundreds of articles for magazines, and ran a correspondence course on weaving. "It's like math," she explained of weaving's comforts. "Right is right and wrong is wrong. If you make a mistake, take it out, don't cover it up."
Artist Dorothy Gill Barnes described Osma Gallinger Tod as a helpful influence.

## Personal life

Osma Palmer married three times; her first husband was fellow artist Frank Byron Couch. They married in 1924, and had a daughter, Josephine (later writer and preservationist Josephine Del Deo, 1925–2016); he died in 1928. Her second husband was loombuilder Milo Oliver Gallinger; he died in 1956. Her third husband was engineer James Tod; they married in 1960, and he died in 1969. "Each time I was widowed it was my art that saved me", she recalled in 1981. "When you are passionately in love and that love is lost, you have to do something to close the gap." Osma Gallinger Tod died in 1983, in Centerville, Massachusetts, aged 87 years. Her papers are held in the Archives of American Art.
# Deurne, Netherlands

Deurne (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a rural municipality and eponymous village in the province of North Brabant in the Netherlands. Including the villages of Liessel, Vlierden, Neerkant, and Helenaveen, Deurne had a population of 32,437 in 2021 and covers an area of 118.36 km$^2$ (45.70 sq mi).

## History

First recorded as Durninum (near / by thorns) in a deed of gift from the Frankish Lord Herelaef to bishop Willibrord in 721, Deurne remained a collection of subsistence farming hamlets west of the Peel peat moor until the 19th century, when a newly built railroad (Eindhoven - Venlo in 1866) and a canal (Zuid-Willemsvaart canal in 1826) enabled the commercial exploitation of the moor. Although the peat industry did not yield much of a profit in the era of coal-powered industries, the cultivation of the newly cleared land, in the 1930s also by forced labour, gave a boost to agriculture, farming, and settlement alike. Today only tiny pieces of this former peat moor remain, some reflooded as mini wetlands, scattered along the fault line that once brought about its very existence.
Coincidentally, the very same Anglo Dutch Griendtsveen Peat Moss Litter Company Ltd. that extracted a significant part of the peat in the Peel moved to Thorne (Moorends) South Yorkshire, U.K., where several of its Dutch employees settled as immigrant workers.

## Transportation

* Deurne railway station

## Culture

In 2009 the new "Cultural Centre" (cultureel centrum) opened its doors. It is the Martien van Doorne Cultuur Centrum and serves as a theatre, concert hall, and movie theatre.
The local dialect is Peellands (an East Brabantian dialect, which is very similar to colloquial Dutch).

## International relations
### Twin towns – Sister cities

Deurne is twinned with:
| Batouri in Cameroon | Leszno in Poland |

## Notable people

* Lucas Gassel (c.1488 in Deurne – 1568 or 1569) Renaissance painter known for his landscapes
* Aaltje Noordewier–Reddingius (1868 in Deurne – 1949) Dutch classical soprano and voice teacher
* Jules de Corte (1924 in Deurne – 1996) blind singer-songwriter from the Netherlands
* Laurens van den Acker (born 1965 in Deurne) automobile designer
* Erik van Lieshout (born 1968 in Deurne) Dutch contemporary artist
* Yara Kastelijn (born 1997 in Deurne) Dutch racing cyclist

## Gallery

* Dr. Anna Terruweplein, Deurne
* Deurne, church: de Sint Willibrorduskerk
* Wooden meeting place, known as Little Bench
* Geldersestraat 10-12
# Gaubertin

Gaubertin (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the north east corner of the Loiret department in north-central France, close to the border of the Seine et Marne department. It includes three hamlets, Eau De Limon, Sançy et Bel-Aire.
The writer Pierre Boitel lived in the chateau de Gaubertin 1600–1626.
# Volker Dietrich

Volker Dietrich was an East German bobsledder who competed in the late 1980s. He is best known for his finishes in the 1987-8 Bobsleigh World Cup season, finishing second in the two-man event and third both in the combined men's and four-man events.
# Volker Buhren

Volker Buhren is a German lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1975 World Rowing Championships in Nottingham with the lightweight men's eight.
# Void Gallery

The Void (or VOID) gallery is a contemporary art gallery and events space in Waterloo Place, Derry, Northern Ireland. It began in 2003. Vivianna Chechia has been its director since May 2023, replacing Eamonn McCann.
In 2021 it moved to a new location in Waterloo Place. It received a grant of over £123,000 in 2021 from the Arts Council of Northern Ireland.

## Programmes

The gallery has hosted art events for toddlers, life drawing and film showings. It has staged art pieces outside of their buildings, including billboard exhibitions. Some of its exhibitions have been political in nature.

## Artists

Artists exhibited at the Void have included:
* Amanda Coogan
* Uwe Wittwer
* John Gerrard
* Niamh O'Malley
* Andrei Molodkin
* Niamh McCann
* Margaret Tait
* Pádraig Timoney
* Helen Cammock
* George Shaw
# Void Destroyer

Void Destroyer is a real-time strategy space combat video game. It was developed by Paul Zakrzewski and was released on January 20, 2015.

## Gameplay

Void Destroyer is a real-time strategy space combat game.

## Development

Void Destroyer was developed by Paul Zakrzewski. Zakrzewski explained to The Escapist that Homeworld was a major influence for the title, describing himself as a fan. He also said that the interface and mechanics for Void Destroyer was inspired by the 1999 game.
Zakrzewski worked on the game by himself of four years before taking it to Kickstarter in 2013, asking for $20,000. Four days before the end of the Kickstarter campaign, it reached its goal. At the end of the campaign, it reached $35,606 by 1,735 backers. During the campaign, it was submitted for Steam Greenlight. It was later accepted through Greenlight on October 29, 2013. It was released to Steam Early Access in January 2014. The game was fully released on January 20, 2015.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Eurogamer | 6/10 |
| IGN | 7.1/10 |
IGN gave the game a 7.1/10.
Eurogamer gave it a 6/10.
A sequel to the game, Void Destroyer 2, was released to Steam Early Access in 2016.
# Desi PDX

Desi PDX, or DesiPDX, is an Indian restaurant in Portland, Oregon.

## Description

Desi PDX serves Indian cuisine from a food cart in a pod called Prost Marketplace, in the north Portland part of the Eliot neighborhood. Fodor's and Michael Russell of The Oregonian have described the menu as "Indian fusion". The Portland Mercury's Ned Lannamann called Desi PDX an "Indian-themed food cart" with "Indian dishes done Northwest style—or Northwest dishes done Indian style, depending on your viewpoint". He also wrote, "Virtually everything is gluten-free (and dairy-free, except for the creamy, cooling raita that comes on the side), and there are vegan options aplenty on their terrific menu of complex, intricately spiced fare." The cart has dark wood siding and strokes of green and orange paint.
According to Waz Wu of Eater Portland, the business offers "Indian flair with local produce to create a lively gluten-free menu of small bites, salads, and curries. The vegetables change, depending on what's in season, but vegans can always count on the stunning vegan thali, which includes a tandoori chickpea tempeh curry, cabbage slaw with turmeric-mustard vinaigrette, and a green chutney with a kick." The menu has included a tamarind- and ginger-braised pulled pork sandwich served with curry confit onions, chickpeas, and basmati, as well as cardamom chai chicken and rice with fenugreek-seasoned shrimp and tomato-and-lamb stew.

## History

Desi PDX is owned by Deepak Saxena. The cart operated from the Cubby Hole pod, which closed in 2017.
The business operated a pop-up out of the commissary kitchen Masala Lab PDX, as of early 2022. For Valentine's Day, Desi PDX offered a dinner with chickpea-miso masala lamb shank or vegan tempeh vindaloo as well as radicchio salad with cabbage, roasted Brussels sprouts, candied coriander, and pomegranate vinaigrette, tandoori spiced potatoes with roasted cauliflower sauce and pickled peas, basmati with black cardamom, and citrus cake. Desi PDX also caters large events.

## Reception

Desi PDX was included in Yelp's 2016 list of Portland's top 40 food carts. In 2017, Eater Portland's Mattie John Bamman said Desi PDX was "one of the hottest food carts in the city". Ned Lannamann included the restaurant in the Portland Mercury's 2019 list of fifty of the city's best multi-cultural eateries, in which he described the business as "unique and excellent". Waz Wu included Desi PDX in Eater Portland's 2021 overview of restaurants with "standout" vegan curries in the city. The website's Ron Scott and Janey Wong included the business in 2021 and 2022 overviews of recommended establishments for "exceptional" Indian cuisine in Portland.
# Oskar Tennis Champion

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 62/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Pitchfork | |
Oskar Tennis Champion (Cherry Red #ANALOG 008CD) is a 2003 album by Momus. He described its style as "cabaret concrete": a mix of, "offbeat storytelling," and, "fragmented...computerized beats," referring to his love of singer songwriters such as Jacques Brel and Serge Gainsbourg mixed with his love of musique concrète. A bonus disc, Oscar Originals, contains "PREMIX" track versions and three extras.

## Track listing

* "Spooky Kabuki"
* "Is It Because I'm a Pirate?"
* "Multiplying Love"
* "Scottish Lips"
* "My Sperm Is Not Your Enemy"
* "Oskar Tennis Champion"
* "A Little Schubert"
* "The Laird of Inversnecky"
* "The Last Communist"
* "Pierrot Lunaire"
* "Beowulf (I Am Deformed)"
* "Electrosexual Sewing Machine"
* "A Lapdog"
* "Lovely Tree"
* "Palm Deathtop"
* untitled (a minute of silence)
* untitled (The Ringtone Cycle by Oliver Cobol)
Extra tracks on Oscar Originals:
* "Back Answers PREMIX" (lyrics by Robb Wilton)
* "Erostratus PREMIX"
* "Infanticide PREMIX"
# Ostodes

Ostodes can be:
* Ostodes (plant), a genus of plants
* Ostodes (gastropod), a genus of land snails
# Gayton

Gayton may refer to:

## Places

* Gayton, Merseyside
* Gayton, Norfolk
* Gayton, Northamptonshire
* Gayton, Staffordshire
* Gayton Engine, Lincolnshire
* Gayton le Marsh, Lincolnshire
* Gayton le Wold, Lincolnshire
* Gayton Thorpe, Norfolk

## People

* Gayton (surname)
* Gayton McKenzie, South African politician and businessman
* Gayton P. Osgood (1797–1861), American politician

## Other

* Gayton Hall, Herefordhire
* Gayton House, one of the Houses of Harrow School
* Gayton Windmill (disambiguation)
# Gaytanite

Gaytanite is a village in Gabrovo Municipality, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.
# Devis

Devis is a masculine given name and a surname. Bearers include:

## Given name

* Devis Epassy (born 1993), French football goalkeeper
* Devis Favaro (born 1972), Italian former hurdler
* Devis Mangia (born 1974), Italian football manager
* Devis Mema (born 1985), Albanian footballer
* Devis Miorin (born 1976), Italian former cyclist
* Devis Nossa (born 1985), Italian footballer
* Devis Vásquez (born 1998), Colombian football goalkeeper

## Surname

* Anthony Devis (1729–1816), English landscape painter, half-brother of Arthur Devis
* Arthur Devis (1712–1787), English painter
* Arthur William Devis (1762–1822), English painter, son of the above
* Charles Walter De Vis (1829–1915), originally spelled Devis, English zoologist, ornithologist, herpetologist and botanist
* Ellin Devis (1746–1820), schoolmistress and author of The Accidence, a popular eighteenth-century grammar, daughter of Arthur Devis