OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luigi Crosio

Luigi Crosio (1835–1916) was an Italian painter who lived and worked in Turin, Italy. A fine draftsman and painter, Crosio's work was much sought after for lithographic reproduction.

## Life

Crosio was born in Acqui Terme. He attended the Accademia Albertina di Belle Arte in Turin.
His immediate work afterwards leaned towards commercial paintings, but thereafter he specialised in genre painting with romantic 17th century scenes, period portraits, or Pompeian scenes. He also liked the opera and depicted several scenes from popular operas. He was listed as a lithographer and was involved in publishing books and images.
He had several daughters and one of them, Carola Crosio, married the famous mathematician Giuseppe Peano (of Peano axioms fame) in 1887.
In 1898 he painted the famous Refugium Peccatorum Madonna (i.e. Refuge of Sinners Madonna) which was later also called Mother Thrice Admirable Madonna. The painting depicts the Virgin Mary, and Jesus as the Christ Child. One of his daughters served as model.
Crosio died on January 15, 1916, in Turin, Italy.
# Minignan

Minignan (also spelled Maninian) is a town in north-western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Minignan Department. It is also a commune and the seat of the Folon Region in Denguélé District.

## History

The French explorer René Caillié stopped at Minignan in 1827 on his journey from Boké, in present-day Guinea, to Timbuktu in Mali. He was travelling in a caravan transporting kola nuts to Djenné. He described the village in his book Travels through Central Africa to Timbuctoo.
   We halted towards two o'clock at Manegnan [Minignan], a village inhabited by Bambaras; it contains about eight or nine hundred inhabitants; the natives call this part of the country Foulou, and like the Wassoulos they speak the Mandingo language; I did not perceive that they had any particular dialect. They are idolaters, or rather, they are without any religion; their food and clothes are like those of the inhabitants of Wassoulo; and they are equally dirty.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Minignan was 14,521.

## Villages

The 13 villages of the sub-prefecture of Minignan and their population in 2014 are:
* Diandéguéla (1 007)
* Minignan (6 831)
* Bougoussa (678)
* Djérila (778)
* Djonrozo Somotou (498)
* Fanhanla (563)
* Gouenzou (901)
* Koriani (431)
* Linguékoro (209)
* Niamina (658)
* Sambadougou (397)
* Sokouraba (867)
* Tienny (703)
# West Salem

West Salem is the name of several places in the United States:
* West Salem, Illinois
* West Salem, Ohio
* West Salem, Salem, Oregon, the Polk County portion of Salem
* West Salem, Wisconsin
* West Salem Township, Pennsylvania
# Everett, Nebraska

Everett is an unincorporated area in Dodge County, Nebraska, United States.

## History

A post office was established at Everett in 1875, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1907. Everett was likely named for a pioneer settler.
# Pachygronthidae

Pachygronthidae is a family of true bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are about 14 genera and more than 80 described species in Pachygronthidae.

## Genera

These 14 genera belong to the family Pachygronthidae:
* Cymophyes Fieber, 1870
* Darwinocoris Slater, 1962
* Magninus Distant, 1901
* Oedancala Amyot & Serville, 1843
* Opistostenus Reuter, 1882
* Pachygrontha Germar, 1837
* Pachyphlegyas Slater, 1955
* Paristhmius Reuter, 1887
* Phlegyas Stal, 1865
* Stenophlegyas Slater, 1956
* Stenophyella Horvath, 1914
* Teracrius Stal, 1858
* Uttaris Stal, 1874
* † Procymophyes Sailer & Carvalho, 1957
# Pate acha

Pate acha also called pete acha, tere, gote or gwete is a Nigerian dish from the northern part of Nigeria. It is made from ground corn, rice or acha.
# Felila Kia

Felila Kia (born 29 December 2003) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer. She previously played for the Newcastle Knights in the NRL Women's Premiership. Her positions are second-row and centre.

## Background

Born in Brisbane, Queensland, Kia played her junior rugby league for the Wynnum Manly Seagulls. She is a former Queensland and Australian champion discus thrower, where she was ranked number one in the world at the age of 16.

## Playing career
### 2022

In 2022, Kia played for the Wynnum Manly Seagulls in the QRL Women's Premiership. She also gained selection for the women's Queensland under-19s State of Origin squad.

### 2023

In May, she signed a 2-year contract with the Newcastle Knights. In round 4 of the 2023 NRLW season, she made her NRLW debut for the Knights against the Gold Coast Titans. She parted ways with the club at the end of the season.
# Cruz Martínez Esteruelas

Cruz Martínez Esteruelas (4 February 1932 – 17 September 2000) was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of Education and Science of Spain between 1968 and 1973, during the Francoist dictatorship.
# Harai goshi gaeshi

Harai Goshi Gaeshi (払腰返) is a hip sweep counter in judo. It is one of the techniques adopted later by the Kodokan into their Shinmeisho No Waza (newly accepted techniques) list. It is categorized as a foot technique, Ashi-waza.

## Description

Uke attacks Tori with right harai goshi, as he does so Tori counters by hooking his left leg around Uke's lower left leg and reaps it to the right.
# Oosternum

Oosternum is a genus of water scavenger beetles in the family Hydrophilidae. There are more than 20 described species in Oosternum.

## Species

These 23 species belong to the genus Oosternum:
* Oosternum acutheca
* Oosternum aequinoctiale Motschulsky, 1855
* Oosternum andersoni Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum attacomis Spangler, 1962
* Oosternum attenuatum
* Oosternum bacharenge Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum cercyonoides Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum cicatricosum
* Oosternum convexum
* Oosternum costatum (LeConte, 1855)
* Oosternum gibbicolle
* Oosternum holosericeum
* Oosternum horni d'Orchymont, 1914
* Oosternum insulare Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum intermedium
* Oosternum latum Fikacek, Hebauer & Hansen, 2009
* Oosternum luciae Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum megnai Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum okinawaense Hoshina, 2011
* Oosternum pecki Deler-Hernández, Cala-Riquelme & Fikáček, 2014
* Oosternum pubescens (LeConte, 1855)
* Oosternum sharpi Hansen, 1999
* Oosternum simplex
# Fusitriton retiolus

Fusitriton retiolus is a species of large predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cymatiidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in:
* Australia
* New Zealand.
# Ottomobile

Otto and Ottomobile were brass era automobile marques of the Otto Gas Engine Works of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1910 to 1912.

## History

The Otto Gas Engine Works was established by Gas-motoren-Fabrik Deutz as a subsidiary to market the Otto engine in the United States. Based in Philadelphia, Otto Gas Engine experimented with gasoline vehicles resulting in the Otto Tractor in 1896. The primary business was stationary gas engines until 1910 when Otto Gas Engine introduced an automobile equipped with an Otto engine.
The Otto Motor Car Sales Company was set up to market an automobile with a four-cylinder 241 cubic inches (3.95 L) Otto engine on a wheelbase of 123 inches, with Roadster, Demi-Tonneau or Touring body styles. The Otto car was rated at 35-hp and was premium priced at $2,000, equivalent to $65,400 in 2023.
In 1911 the styles were expanded to include Victorias, Coupes and Limousines with a 286 cubic inches (4.69 L) or a 318 cubic inches (5.21 L) Otto four-cylinder engine, now rated at 38.9-hp. The Limousine was priced at $3,250, equivalent to $106,275 in 2023. For 1912 the cars were called Ottomobile and Otto Gas Engine decided to expand the factory, styles and open up sales to other automobile dealers. Instead, by late 1912 Otto Gas Engine decided to leave automobile manufacturing.
The Otto Gas Engine branch in France built automobiles from 1900 to 1914. The Otto Gas Engine company in Germany built cars in 1923 and 1924. Leading up to the First World War, Otto Gas Engine Works was required to sever its connection with its German parent company in 1915 and became a branch of Superior Gas Engine Company.
# KOCF

KOCF may refer to:
* Ocala International Airport (ICAO code KOCF)
* KOCF-LP, a low-power radio station (92.7 FM) licensed to serve Veneta, Oregon, United States
# Nirmala Devi (wrestler)

Nirmala Devi (born 26 June 1984) is an Indian freestyle wrestler. She won a silver medal in the women's freestyle 48 kg event at the 2010 Commonwealth Games.
She was born to Ishwar Singh and Kitabo Devi. Nirmala is the eldest of Ishwar Singh's five children. Poonam, the youngest, is also a wrestler. Nirmala took up wrestling seriously in 2001 and then went on to win the national championship in the same year.
She hails from Hisar district in Haryana and works for Haryana Police. She became a sub-inspector in 2007 after receiving a gold medal at the 2007 Commonwealth Championship in Canada. She also won a gold medal in international wrestling in Spain in 2010.
# Haraichi

Haraichi (ハライチ, Haraichi) is a Japanese comedy duo (kombi) consisting of Yū Sawabe (澤部佑) and Yūki Iwai (岩井勇気). They have featured in a number of Japanese television shows. They are employed by Watanabe Entertainment, a talent agency based in Tokyo.

## Beginning

Sawabe and Iwai have known each other since pre-school. They formed Haraichi in 2005, named after the local neighborhood of Haraichi (原市) in their hometown of Ageo, Saitama.

## Members

* Yū Sawabe (澤部佑) Born July 31, 1986, in Ageo, Saitama. Plays the tsukkomi.
* Yūki Iwai (岩井勇気) Born May 19, 1986, in Ageo, Saitama. Plays the boke and writes all their material.

## Achievements

* M-1 Grand Prix finalist, 5th place (2009)
* M-1 Grand Prix finalist, 7th place (2010)
* M-1 Grand Prix finalist, 9th place (2015)
* M-1 Grand Prix finalist, 6th place (2016)

## Media
### Television (Variety)
#### Current Regular (Sawabe)

* Aiba Manabu (相葉マナブ) -- TV Asahi (4/21/2013-)
* Knight Scoop (探偵!ナイトスクープ) -- ABCTV (10/11/2013-)
* Hayashi-sensei no Hatsumimigaku (林先生が驚く初耳学!) -- MBS TV (4/12/2015-)
* Soko Magattara, Sakurazaka? (そこ曲がったら、櫻坂?) -- TV Tokyo (10/18/2020-) MC
* Naming Variety - Nihonjin no Namae! (ネーミングバラエティー 日本人のおなまえっ!) -- NHK General TV (4/6/2017-)
* Nariyuki Kaidotabi (なりゆき街道旅) -- Fuji TV (4/1/2018-) MC

#### Current Irregular (Sawabe)

* Tokoton Horisagetai! Ikimono ni Thank you!! (トコトン掘り下げ隊!生き物にサンキュー!!) -- Tokyo Broadcasting System Television
* NBA Basketball (NBA バスケットボール) -- WOWOW

#### Current Regular (Iwai)

* Oha Suta (おはスタ) -- TV Tokyo (4/2015-) Mondays
* HOT WAVE Neppa (HOT WAVE 熱波) -- Television Saitama (4/7/2016-)
* Hinekure 3 (ひねくれ3) -- TV Tokyo (4/6/2019-) MC

#### Former Irregular (Iwai)

* Keyakitte, Kakenai? (欅って、書けない?) -- TV Tokyo (11/30/2015-10/12/2020)

#### Current Irregular (Both)

* Tamori Club (タモリ俱楽部) -- TV Asahi
# Oosternum costatum

Oosternum costatum is a species of water scavenger beetle in the family Hydrophilidae. It is found in North America.
# Dega (woreda)

Dega is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Buno Bedelle Zone, Dega is bordered on the south by Chora, on the west by Supena Sodo, on the north by the Mirab Welega Zone, on the northeast by the southern exclave of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, and on the east by Bedele. Towns in Dega include Dega and Mako. Mako woreda was part of Dega woreda.

## Demographics

The 2007 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 39,466, of whom 19,504 were men and 19,962 were women; 3,022 or 7.66% of its population were urban dwellers. The majority of the inhabitants practised Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 43.82% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 40.49% of the population said they were Protestant, and 15.57% were Moslem.
Based on figures published by the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 63,542, of whom 32,871 are men and 30,671 are women; 4,876 or 7.67% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 12%. With an estimated area of 882.35 square kilometers, Dega has an estimated population density of 72 people per square kilometer, which is about the same as the Zone average of 72.3.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 45,423, of whom 22,029 were men and 23,394 women; 2,731 or 6.01% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Dega were the Oromo (91.91%), the Amhara (6.68%), and the Tigrayan (1.17%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.24% of the population. Oromiffa was spoken as a first language by 93.23%, and 5.61% spoke Amharic; the remaining 1.16% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, with 81.36% of the population reporting they practiced that belief, while 9.87% of the population said they were Muslim, 5.29% were Protestant, and 3.3% held traditional beliefs.
# Wendell Coppin

Wendell Ricardo Coppin (born 8 August 1966) is a Barbadian former cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm fast bowler whose only high-level appearance came for Norfolk, an English minor county. Coppin's club team in Barbados was YMPC, where he served at various points as club president, captain, and coach.
Coppin represented Barbados Under-19s and later West Indies Young Cricketers between 1984 and 1985, before taking an eight-year gap from cricketing and, upon his return, playing for the Barbados first team. Despite playing a single game for Hampshire's Second XI, which was won by a ten-wicket margin thanks to a century from Paul Whitaker, Coppin was unable to break into the first team. His sole List A appearance came for Norfolk in the 1999 NatWest Trophy. From the middle of the order, Coppin scored two runs and took bowling figures of 1-36.
After retiring from playing, Coppin has worked as a development coach for ICC Americas. In March 2011, funded by that body, he served as the coach of the Belizean national side for the 2011 Americas Twenty20 Division Two tournament in Suriname the following month.
# Oxlahuntun

Oxlahuntun is an archaeological Maya site located in the Lacandon Jungle of Mexico that includes an ancient ruined Maya city embedded and hidden in the thick tropical jungle of Chiapas integrated by a main palace, numerous pyramid temples and carved stone monuments with Maya glyphs, the rest of the buildings are buried deep in the jungle.

## Architecture

The main palace of Oxlahuntun has common architectural features of the Maya buildings at the Lacanjá river basin sites such as Nuevo Jalisco, Rancho Ojo de Agua, and Lacanha.

## History

Oxlahuntun dates from the Classic period and developed until the Late Classic period as the main city of a Maya state which is known to have remained unsubdued by a major regional site such as Bonampak or Yaxchilan.
In one of the glyph inscriptions found in the monuments of Oxlahuntun is carved the Mesoamerican long count date 9.13.0.0.0, which corresponds to the year 692 AD.
The site had been known by the Lacandon people for a long time before the archaeological campaigns began, it was also found by the rubber tappers that went deep into the jungle, and based on their reports the site was first documented. In 1948 Oxlahuntun was first explored and described by archaeologist Giles Healey during an expedition in the Lacandon Jungle where he took photographs of the main palace and of some glyph inscriptions carved in the monuments.
Oxlahuntun remains hidden deep in the tropical forest like most of the Maya sites in the Lacandon Jungle. According to Lacandon mythology, Oxlahuntun is a site inhabited by Maya gods and it visited by the Lacandon to perform traditional ceremonies.
# Pakistani cricket team in India in 1983–84

The Pakistan national cricket team toured India in 1983–84 season. The two teams played three Tests. All the test matches were drawn. Both teams also played 2 ODI, India won both the matches.

## Test matches
### 1st Test

* 14–19 September 1983 scorecard
* Match drawn M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore Umpires: MV Gothoskar, S Kishen Player of the match: Madan Lal (IND)
* India won the toss and decided to bat

### 2nd Test

* 24–29 September 1983 scorecard
* Match drawn Gandhi Stadium, Jalandhar Umpires: DN Dotiwalla, B Ganguli Player of the match: Wasim Raja (PAK)
* India won the toss and decided to field

### 3rd Test

* 5–10 October 1983 scorecard
* Match drawn Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, Nagpur Umpires: S. R. Bose, MG Subramaniam Player of the match: Ravi Shastri
* India won the toss and decided to bat

## One Day Internationals (ODIs)

India won the wills series 2–0.

### 1st ODI

* 10 September 1983 Scorecard
| Pakistan 151/8 (46 overs) | v | India 152/6 (43 overs) |
| Javed Miandad 66* (110) BS Sandhu 3/27 (9 overs) | | M Amarnath 60* (118) Mudassar Nazar 3/17 (10 overs) |
* India won by 4 wickets Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium, Hyderabad Umpires: PG Pandit and MG Subramaniam Player of the match: M Amarnath (IND)
* India won the toss and elected to field.
* The match was reduced from 50 overs to 46 overs.
* Azeem Hafeez and Qasim Umar (both PAK) made their ODI debuts.

### 2nd ODI

* 2 October 1983 Scorecard
| Pakistan 166/9 (46 overs) | v | India 169/6 (40.4 overs) |
| Zaheer Abbas 48 (59) Madan Lal 3/27 (10 overs) | | SM Patil 51 (28) Mohammad Nazir 2/37 (10 overs) |
* India won by 4 wickets Sawai Mansingh Stadium, Jaipur Umpires: SR Bose and R Mehra Player of the match: SM Patil (IND)
* India won the toss and elected to field.
* The match was reduced from 50 overs to 46 overs.
# Marija Dūdienė

Marija Dūdienė (13 March 1927–14 October 2012) was a Lithuanian painter.
# Cyclostrema eupoietum

Cyclostrema eupoietum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Liotiidae.

## Description

(Original description by Melvill) The height of the shell attains 1.5 mm and its diameter 2 mm. This is a small, narrowly umbilicated shell with four whorls. The last two whorls are very closely spirally lirately furrowed. The penultimate whorls is puncto-striate. The crenelations round the half-covered umbilicus are large in proportion to the size of the shell. The aperture is round. The peristome is continuous, hardly thickened, a tongue-shaped process, lirato-sulcate as is the rest of the surface, extending over the umbilical region.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Persian Gulf.
# Johnston's genet

Johnston's genet (Genetta johnstoni) is a genet species native to the Upper Guinean forests. As it is threatened by deforestation and conversion of rainforest to agriculturally and industrially used land, it is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.
It is considered one of West Africa's least known carnivores, and until the turn of the century was known only from museum collections. In January 2000, a dead individual was found near the Taï National Park in Côte d'Ivoire. In July of the same year, the first live individual known to science was trapped.
In 2011, it was recorded for the first time in Dindefelo Nature Reserve, a protected area in southeastern Senegal.

## Characteristics

The short fur of Johnston's genet is rich golden to ochre yellowish with small reddish spots on the sides, a dark stripe along the spine and dark limbs. Its hind legs are dark grey. Its tail has eight black and seven pale rings, and a brown tip that is whitish below.
# Mark Birch

Mark Birch may refer to:
* Mark Birch (musician), English rock guitarist
* Mark Birch (footballer) (born 1977), English footballer
* Mark Birch (jockey) (1949–2016), British jockey
# Harry Gunnison Brown

Harry Gunnison Brown (May 7, 1880– March 11, 1975) was a Georgist economist teaching at Yale in the early 20th century. Paul Samuelson named Brown in a list of "American saints in economics" that included only 6 other economists born after 1860.

## Early life

Harry Gunnison Brown was born in Troy, New York to Milton Peers and Elizabeth H. (Gunnison) Brown. He graduated from Williams College in 1904, studied at Ohio State University and he earned his Ph.D. at Yale University in 1909. While studying at Yale, Brown became a protégé of Irving Fisher. Fisher was one of the pioneers in the development of mathematical economics and econometrics in the United States.
On August 23, 1911, he married Fleda Phillips in Columbia, New York. While continuing his career in economics, he had three children: Cleone Elsa Brown, and Philips Hamlin Brown (29 April 1918 - 4 February 2019) and Richmond Flint Brown (April 5, 1925 - ).
Following the death of his first wife in 1953, Dr. Brown was married to librarian and economist Elizabeth Read Brown (1902–1987) until his death in 1975. Together they co-authored six articles and she was a fervent promoter of his work.
He has three living granddaughters: Fleda Brown, Melinda Brown Putz, and Michelle Brown Griggs, and four living grandsons: Kirk Brown, Kevin Brown, Alan Luckey, and Roger Luckey. Two other grandsons, Mark Brown and Dennis Luckey are deceased.

## Academic career

After receiving his Ph.D., Brown worked as an instructor under Irving Fisher in the economics department at Yale University until 1915. Brown held Herbert Davenport in high regard, and in 1915 Brown accepted a position under Davenport in the College of Business at the University of Missouri. Brown worked under Davenport for one year at Missouri, until Davenport left for a position at Cornell University in 1916. Brown remained at MU, and during his career he became chairman of the economics department as well as dean of the College of Business and Public Administration. Brown retired from MU in 1950.
For much of his career, he was mainly known North America's foremost advocate of the ideas of a land tax. He is described by Mason Gaffney as having refuted:
* John Bates Clark's argument that the unearned increment was constructive
* Frank Knight's argument that land is like all other resources because it has an opportunity cost
* Richard T. Ely's argument that 'ripening costs' of land speculators justify urban sprawl.

## Economics career

Harry Gunnison Brown was known throughout the United States as a Georgist, and stood out as a staunch believer and advocacy of the ideas of Henry George, through a majority of his life he argued for tax reform along the lines proposed by George.
A well known area of specialization of Harry Gunnison Brown was that of taxation, specifically tax incidence. His text, The Economics of Taxation, was known as a benchmark for texts on the subject of Tax incidence.

## Works

Brown, Harry. G. (1931) Economic Science and the Common Welfare
McDonough, J. (1925). The Yale Law Journal, 35(2), 249–251. doi:10.2307/789527