OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mun'im Furat

Mun'im Furat (1900-1972) (occasionally given as Monem Furat) was an Iraqi primitive artist, noted for his sculptures resembling Sumerian statuary. His style was very distinctive and he was the only Iraqi artist to produce works in the naive style.

## Life and career

Mun'im Furat was born in Baghdad in 1900 into the Al Jubur tribe. He left school at a very young age, but managed to learn how to read and write and was able to recite the Quran. His real name was Na'im Barbout Wadi, but he chose the alias Mun'im Furat. As a young man, he worked as a shepherd, butcher and labourer in order to support his family. By chance, he visited the Iraq Museum and after seeing Sumerian sculptures, he decided to become a sculptor.
He frequented the Iraqi Museum where he copied selected works to make sculptures which he could sell to dealers and shops for the tourist trade. The director of the museum sued him for this unauthorised copying, but the case was dismissed. He was often harassed by the regime and his works were work confiscated from time to time. He was detained for making a statue of the then Prime Minister, Abdel Muhsin al Sa'doun, but released shortly afterwards.
After the 1958 Revolution, he was "discovered" by Dr Akram Fadhel of the Ministry of Information, who gave him a space where he could work and helped him gain permanent employment at the Ministry of Culture. Mun'im continued working on his sculptures until he reached the retirement age.
In 1970, he exhibited in Rome, and received extensive media coverage in Italian newspapers. Alberto Ciattini, a noted Italian art critic, commented:
   "An artist like Mun'im Furat is a rare phenomenon that can't be found in every time & place, because he made his work use an ancient language, in fact a language which is older than time itself".
He died on 7 August 1972, in a car accident. Shortly after his death, ten of his sculptures were exhibited at the International Fair: Triennale of Primitive Art, (10 September – 10 October 1972), in Bratislava, where he received a Special Honorary Award and a Diploma in recognition of his Art Work.

## Legacy

He is the subject of two books:
* Carlos Calderon Iruegas, El Extraño Mundo de Mun'im Furat (Escultor) [The Strange World of Mun'im Furat (Sculptor)], 1975.
* Nouri al- Rawi, Akram Fadhel and Na'im Barbout Wadi, Mun'im Furat: Artiste Primitif Irakien, 1974

## Work

Mun'im Furat was a "renowned Iraqi sculptor almost unique in his body of work, being one of the only sculptors to focus almost entirely on Babylonian statuary." His style is generally recognised as "primitive art.". As a simple man from a humble background and with no formal arts training, Furat maintained that his work was free of external influences, and by implication, his inspiration was inherited directly from his Sumerian ancestors.
# 4 Real (disambiguation)

4 Real may refer to:
* 4Real, a 2008 American TV series on MTV Canada
* 4 Real (album), by Crystal Kay, 2003
* "4 Real", a song by Avril Lavigne from Goodbye Lullaby
* "4 Real", a song by YNW Melly from I Am You
* 4 Real, a phrase the musician Richey Edwards, of Manic Street Preachers, cut into his arm in 1991
# Jeajoon Ryu

Jeajoon Ryu (born 1970) is a South Korean composer. His works have been by performed some of the world’s leading orchestras, such as the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (RPO), l'Orchestre régional de Cannes-Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (ORCPACA), the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra (Helsingin kaupunginorkesteri), and the Polish Radio Symphony Orchestra. He was the artistic director of Seoul International Music Festival from 2009-2010 and a composer of Poland Gozow Philharmonic Orchestra from 2011-2012. Artists such as Arto Noras, Michel Lethiec, Ralf Gothoni, Li-Wei Qin, Shanghai Quartet, Juyung Baek, So-Ock Kim, Johannes Moser and Ilya Gringolts have performed his works.

## Education

He studied composition under Krzysztof Penderecki at Kraków Music Academy as well as under Kang, Suk-hi at Seoul National University.

## Career

His music has been given numerous critically acclaimed around the world and at the Cadogan Hall, Verdi Hall in Milan, Warsaw Philharmonic Concert Hall, and Helsinki Music Centre. He was invited to the Naantali Music Festival (Finland) and Mecklenburg Music Festival (Germany) as guest composer and jury member of international Violin Competition of Astana.
His violin concerto and Sinfonia da Requiem were recorded on Naxos International Label in (2009), and his violin sonata was recorded on Telos Music (2010). In 2015 he has been honored by the Polish Minister of Culture and received the National Heritage the Gloria Artis Medal.
Currently, Ryu is the Artistic Director of the Seoul International Music Festival in Korea. He also founded Ensemble OPUS and became Artistic Director.

## Recordings

* RYU, Jeajoon: Sinfonia da Requiem / Violin Concerto No. 1 CD, 2008 Naxos
* RYU, Jeajoon: Sonata for Violin and Piano 'Spring' CD, 2010 telos
* RYU, Jeajoon: Cello Concerto / Marimba Concerto / Overture: Il nome della Rosa CD, 2016 RPO

## Works

Symphony
* Sinfonia da Requiem For Soprano, Choir and Orchestra (2007)
Orchestral Works
* Overture “Il nome della Rosa” (2010)
* Cantata ‘Rubna Crux’ (1999)
* Symphonic Poem (1996)
String Orchestra
* Sinfonietta per archi (2015)
* 'Rosso' for Strings (2008)
Concerto
* Concerto per piano e orchestra (2017)
* Concerto per marimba e orchestra (2015)
* String Quartet Concerto (2013)
* Concerto per violoncello ed orchestra (2010)
* Concerto per violin ed orchestra (2006)
* Cello Concerto No. 1 (2001)
Chamber
* Quintetto per clarinetto e quartetto d'archi (2015)
* Sonata per violin e pianoforte No.2 (2014)
* Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte (2013)
* Quintet per marimba e string quartet (2012)
* String Quartet (2012)
* Sonata per violoncello e pianoforte (2011)
* ‘Early summer’ Trio per violin, violoncello e pianoforte (2009)
* Sonata ‘Primavera'per violino e pianoforte No.1 (2008)
* Bach in our Age for Piano trio (2001)
* Saxophone Sonata (2000)
* Dialogue per Violin, Clarinet e Pianoforte (1995)
Electronic Music
* The Bright Light for Electronic Sound (1997)
Solo
* Baroque suite per pianoforte (2013)
* Caproccio per violino (2012)
* Fugues (2004)
* Passacaglia per Percussion (2002)
# Louis Mink

Louis O. Mink Jr. (September 3, 1921 – January 19, 1983) was a philosopher of history whose works challenged early philosopher of history R. G. Collingwood and were part of a postmodern dialogue on history and historical narrative with other philosophers of history, like Hayden White and Georg Lukács. Mink and White were responsible for what would later be called the "linguistic turn" in philosophy of history.
Mink received his bachelor's degree from Hiram College, then served in the United States Army during World War II. After the war, he received a master's degree and doctorate from Yale. He became a member of the faculty at Wesleyan University in 1952 and remained in the department until he died of a heart attack on January 19, 1983. While at Wesleyan, he was chair of the philosophy department from 1967 to 1976, the Kenan Professor of Humanities and director of the Center for Humanities. He had a wife named Helen Patterson, two sons and a daughter.
Mink's largest contribution to history and philosophy of history was to emphasize the need for history to think of its published narratives as very similar to other narrative forms, such as fiction. Mink also asserts that thinking about history as "a true representation of the past" gives rise to a great deal of assumption amongst historians that poses serious problems for history by misrepresenting it and its subject matter. Mink was also important in studying James Joyce's fiction; most notably, his A Finnegans Wake Gazetteer (1978) documents all the place names in Joyce's Finnegans Wake.
The interest in Joyce was not tangential. Finnegans Wake had embedded in it a cyclical structure of time and history, influenced by Giambattista Vico's (1668–1744) "La Scienza Nuova" (The New Science). Mink also ran seminars on Finnegans Wake that drew both faculty and students in interactive examinations of Joyce's work and was known for both the range of his knowledge and his wit, which could be self-deprecating. When a student informed that he was dropping out of the seminar because he was not ready for Finnegans Wake, Mink replied, "Brian, if you are ever ready for Finnegans Wake", pausing to draw on his pipe, "it is a pretty good indication that you have wasted your life."
# Dentalium gouldii

Dentalium gouldii, commonly called the Gould tuskshell, is a species of tusk shell, a marine scaphopod mollusc in the family Dentaliidae.
# Free world (disambiguation)

The Free World is a politically charged term that was used during the Cold War to refer to the Western Bloc.
Free World may also refer to:
* Free World (magazine), a 1940s American monthly magazine of politics and culture
* "Free World" (song), by Kirsty MacColl, 1989
* The Free World, a 2016 American film
# NGC 507

NGC 507, also known as Arp 229, CGCG 502-67, MCG 5-4-44, PGC 5098, UGC 938, and V V 207, is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It was described as being "very faint", "pretty large", "round", "brighter in the middle", and "south of NGC 508" by John Dreyer in the New General Catalogue. The two galaxies (NGC 507 and NGC 508) are a part of the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, where NGC 507 is described as "Circular or near circular rings of small density difference."
It was discovered by William Herschel on September 12, 1784.
# Dragon Prince (disambiguation)

Dragon Prince may refer to
* Dragon Prince, a 1988 novel by Melanie Rawn that starts the Dragon Prince and Dragon Star trilogies
* Dragon Prince (comics), a 2008 comic book miniseries by Ron Marz and Lee Moder
* The Dragon Prince, a 2018 Netflix fantasy television series
* Druk Gyalsey, Crown Prince of Bhutan, translated to 'Dragon Prince' in English. Currently held by Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck.
* Dragon King, in Chinese mythology
# The Deer and the Cauldron (2014 TV series)

The Deer and the Cauldron is a Chinese television series adapted from Louis Cha's novel The Deer and the Cauldron. It was directed by Lai Shui-ching, and starred Han Dong, Wei Qianxiang and others. The series was shot from September–December 2013, and first aired on Anhui TV, Sichuan TV and Yunnan TV from 20 December 2014 to 9 January 2015.

## Cast

* Han Dong as Wei Xiaobao
* Wei Qianxiang as Kangxi Emperor
* Zhang Meng as Shuang'er
* Lou Yixiao as Princess Jianning
* Viann Zhang as Su Quan
* Jia Qing as A'ke / Chen Yuanyuan
* Wu Qian as Mu Jianping
* Zhao Yuanyuan as Fang Yi
* Wang Yahui as Zeng Rou
* Wang Lin as Wei Chunhua
* Michelle Yim as Empress Dowager
* Lai Shui-ching as Oboi
* Ji Chunhua as Hai Dafu
* Li Qingxiang as Songgotu
* Liu Yong as Duolong
* Wen Jie as Prince Kang
* He Zhonghua as Chen Jinnan
* Wang Wanjuan as Jiunan
* Feng Jingao as Wu Sangui
* Gu Bin as Wu Yingxiong
* Lin Jiangguo as Zheng Keshuang
* Meng Fei as Feng Xifan
* Liu Dekai as Shunzhi Emperor
* Ashton Chen as Jingyuan
* Jin Song as Mao Shiba
* Lu Yong as Hong Antong
* Tan Limin as Tao Hongying
* Min Zheng as Feng Jizhong
* Yu Kar-lun as Taoist Xuanzhen
* Wu Lipeng as Mu Jiansheng
* Wu Huaxin as Liu Yizhou
* Ren Xihong as Wu Lishen
* Xu Ming as Liu Dahong
* Tang Jin as Wen Youyi
* Hou Ruixiang as Wen Youdao
* Liu Changde as Feng Yifei
* Liu Changsheng as Xu Tianchuan
* Lin Yizheng as Thin Monk
* Gu Dechao as Fat Monk
* Wang Yi as Mao Dongzhu
* Zhong Lei as Bai Hanfeng
* Li Quanyou as Guan Anji
* Liu Wei as Qian Laoben
* Zhu Jiazhen as Qi Laosan
* Zhong Jiufu as Yang Yizhi
* Xie Qijun as Zhao Qixian
* Han Yinlong as Taoist Wugen
# 6 km

6 km may refer to:
* 6 km in Cross country running
* 6 km (village)
# Nikolaes Heinsius

Nikolaes Heinsius may refer to:
* Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder (1620–1681), scholar and poet
* Nikolaes Heinsius the Younger (1655–1718), his son, novelist
# Cladonia longisquama

Cladonia longisquama is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It occurs in the Seychelles, where it grows on moss-covered rocks.
It is characterized by the presence of barbatic acid and remarkably large primary squamules, which are 15–30 mm long and 2–8 mm wide. The primary thallus is well-developed and consists of large, somewhat laciniate squamules that are greenish-grey above and whitish below. The squamules have a smooth corticate surface and are finely sorediate, especially along the margins. Podetia are not seen in Cladonia longisquama, but early signs of podetia development at a squamule margin suggest a phyllopodiate development, meaning the podetium originates from the tip or edge of a squamule and extends upward, eventually giving rise to fruiting bodies. Its hymenial discs or conidiomata are not known, and its secondary chemistry includes barbatic acid and unidentified fatty acids.
This species is native to the Seychelles, where it grows on mossy rocks. Cladonia longisquama is similar to Cladonia meridionalis, which is found in tropical South America. The latter has more rounded lobes and its major secondary compound is obtusatic acid, produced alongside accessory barbatic acid. The hymenial discs are red in C. meridionalis, and C. longisquama is also expected to have red-fruited discs. In molecular studies, C. longisquama was placed in the "Supergroup Cocciferae", near Cladonia weymouthii, an austral, red-fruited species with smaller squamules. Cladonia longisquama was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Finnish lichenologist Teuvo Ahti.
# Thambalagamuwa Divisional Secretariat

Thampalakamam Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Trincomalee District, of Eastern Province, Sri Lanka.
# Muschett v HM Prison Service

Muschett v H M Prison Service [2010] EWCA Civ 25 is a UK labour law case, which held that an agency worker had no right to claim discrimination from either the agency or the place of work.
The decision has been criticised as failing to comply with the Race Equality Directive, the existing UK discrimination legislation (now codified in the Equality Act 2010) and principles of contractual construction in the common law.

## Facts

Mr Muschett had enrolled with a subsidiary of an employment agency named Brook Street plc, and he was sent on temporary assignment to HM Prison Service at the Feltham Young Offenders Unit, hoping this would lead to a permanent post. He had no written contract with the prison, and his wages were paid by the agency which made tax and national insurance deductions. After four months his job was terminated, and he brought claims for unfair and wrongful dismissal, and discrimination on grounds of sex, race and religion against both the prison service and the agency. HM Prison Service argued he was not an employee under ERA 1996 section 230.
Employment Tribunal found no employment contract existed with either the prison or the agency. There was no mutuality of obligation, because both sides were entitled to terminate the job at any time. EAT upheld the tribunal. Mr Muschett argued that as a litigant in person, the employment judge should have a duty to help unearth relevant facts, and that the EAT had not properly considered whether a contract could be implied, or the wider definition of ‘employee’ in the Race Relations Act 1976 section 78, and the analogous equality laws.

## Judgment

Rimer LJ held a Tribunal judge had no inquisitorial duties or duties to help improve a litigant in person’s case. The Tribunal’s finding that Mr Muschett had never been an employee was unimpeachable. The question was whether under RRA 1976 section 78 there could be found a contract ‘personally to execute any work or labour’. As the EAT had found, because Mr Muschett was under no obligation to the Prison Service and could terminate the engagement at any time by giving the agency notice, Mr Muschett was merely a temporary agency worker. Implying a contract of employment was not necessary. Nothing less than necessity would do. A finding that Mr Muschett was under no contractual obligation to work was fatal.
Thorpe LJ and Wilson LJ concurred.
# Muschinski v Dodds

Muschinski v Dodds, was a significant Australian court case, decided by the High Court of Australia on 6 December 1985. The case was part of a trend of High Court decisions to impose a constructive trust where it would be unconscionable for a legal owner of property to deny the beneficial interests of another. In this case the Court held it would be unconscionable for Mr Dodds to retain a half share of the property without first accounting for the purchase price paid by Ms Muschinski.

## Background
### Facts

Ms Muschinski and Mr Dodds were in a de facto relationship. In 1976 they purchased a property in Picton as tenants in common, intending to develop and use the property. Ms Muschinski paid the purchase price while Mr Dodds was going to renovate the cottage and to pay for a kit house. The development did not go ahead and the couple separated.

### Prior actions

Ms Muschinski commenced proceedings in the Supreme Court of NSW seeking a declaration that she was the sole owner. Mr Dodds made a cross claim for the property to be sold and the proceeds to be divided equally. Waddell J dismissed Ms Muschinski's claim and stood the matter over to determine Mr Dodds' cross claim. Ms Muschinski appealed to the NSW Court of Appeal who dismissed the appeal. Hope JA, with whom Samuels and Mahoney JJA agreed, said:
   I agree with his Honour's conclusion that (Ms Muschinski) intended to give (Mr Dodds) a one-half beneficial interest in the land, and that this intention was based on the assurances which (Mr Dodds) gave to her and not upon the fulfilment of those assurances.

## Judgment

The High Court of Australia found in favour of Ms Muschinski. The majority, Gibbs CJ, Mason & Deane JJ, held that the legal interests of the parties were subject to a constructive trust to (1) repayment any joint debts (2) repay each of their contributions and (3) any residue was to be distributed in equal shares.
Brennan & Dawson JJ dissented.
# Cissé, Vienne

Cissé (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
# Cissy van Marxveldt

Sietske de Haan (24 November 1889 – 31 October 1948), better known by her pen name Cissy van Marxveldt, was a Dutch writer of children's books. She is best known for her series of Joop ter Heul novels.

## Biography

Sietske de Haan was born on 24 November 1889 in Oranjewoud, a village in the northern province of Friesland in the Netherlands. She was the daughter of IJnze de Haan, a headmaster and history teacher, and Froukje de Groot.
In 1914, she met Leon Beek, a Jewish reserve infantry officer who became a department store manager. De Haan and Beek married on 2 February 1916 and had two sons, Ynze and Leo. During the German occupation of the Netherlands, Beek was a member of the Dutch resistance. After a failed attempt to escape from the Westerbork transit camp he was executed in 1944 in Overveen. It was 1946 before De Haan learned of his fate. She died in Bussum on 31 October 1948.

## Career in writing

De Haan embarked on her literary career by writing articles and stories for Dutch magazines, using the pseudonyms Cissy van Marxveldt, Betty Bierema en Ans Woud. In the year she married (1916), she published the first book in what was to become a series of novels about a headstrong girl, Joop ter Heul. The books, similar in theme to Louisa May Alcott's Little Women, contain many diary entries and letters. They chart the fortunes of Joop, her sister and her school friends, from girlhood through marriage. The series consists of five volumes:
* The High School Years of Joop ter Heul (1919)
* Joop ter Heul's Problems (1921)
* Joop ter Heul Gets Married (1923)
* Joop and Her Boys (1925)
* Joop ter Heul's Daughter (1946)
Van Marxvelt's Joop ter Heul novels for teenage girls had a notable influence on the writings of Anne Frank, who addressed her diary letters to an imaginary friend named Kitty. Anne Frank scholars, as well as Anne's friend Kitty Egyedi, are united in their belief that Frank's Kitty was based on a character created by Van Marxveldt: Kitty Francken, a friend of Joop's and a frequent recipient of her letters.
Van Marxveldt also wrote many other young-adult books, of which Een zomerzotheid ("A Summer Folly") was a particular good seller, that made her affluent.
She dedicated her last book She Suffered Too to her husband, after she learned of his execution by the Nazi-occupant forces, because he had been a resistance fighter.
# Tetraoctylammonium bromide

Tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB or TOABr) is a quaternary ammonium compound with the chemical formula: [CH$_3$(CH$_2$)$_7$]$_4$N Br. It is generally used as a phase transfer catalyst between an aqueous solution and an organic solution.
# Murulla, New South Wales

Murulla is a locality in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia, located on the New England Highway and Main North railway line. It is the site of a serious railway accident that occurred in 1926.
# Murulia

Murulia is a census town in the Santuri CD block in the Raghunathpur subdivision of the Purulia district in the state of West Bengal, India.

## Geography
### Location

Murulia is located at 23°36′40″N 86°50′21″E﻿ / ﻿23.6111°N 86.8393°E﻿ / 23.6111; 86.8393.

### Area overview

Purulia district forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills. Raghunathpur subdivision occupies the northern part of the district. 83.80% of the population of the subdivision lives in rural areas. However, there are pockets of urbanization and 16.20% of the population lives in urban areas. There are 14 census towns in the subdivision. It is presented in the map given alongside. There is a coal mining area around Parbelia and two thermal power plants are there – the 500 MW Santaldih Thermal Power Station and the 1200 MW Raghunathpur Thermal Power Station. The subdivision has a rich heritage of old temples, some of them belonging to the 11th century or earlier. The Banda Deul is a monument of national importance. The comparatively more recent in historical terms, Panchkot Raj has interesting and intriguing remains in the area.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Murulia had a total population of 5,929, of which 3,090 (52%) were males and 2,839 (48%) were females. There were 1,314 persons in the age range of 0–6 years. The total number of literate persons in Murulia was 2,371 (51.38% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Puruliya, Murulia covered an area of 3.9068 km$^2$. There is a railway station at Muraddi, 6 km away. Among the civic amenities, the protected water supply involved hand pumps. It had 347 domestic electric connections. Among the medical facilities it had 1 dispensaries/ health centres, 1 family welfare centre, 1 maternity and child welfare centre, 4 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities it had were 2 primary schools, the nearest middle school, the nearest secondary school, the nearest senior secondary school, all at Muraddi, the nearest degree college at Asansol 35 km away. Three important commodities it manufactured were paddy, puffed rice and beedi.

## Healthcare

Muraddi Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Muraddi, is the major government medical facility in the Santuri CD block.
Ramchandrapur Netaji Eye and General Hospital, at Ramchandrapur, functioning under the Health and Family Welfare department of the Government of West Bengal, established in 1953, is a 242 bedded eye care institution. 10,790 patients are treated in-door annually and 130,000 patients attend the Out Patient's Department.