OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Czech Republic–North Macedonia relations

Czech Republic–North Macedonia relations refers to the bilateral political relations between the Czech Republic and the Republic of North Macedonia. North Macedonia has an embassy in Prague, whilst the Czech Republic has a consular agency in Skopje. Both countries are members of the Council of Europe, and NATO. Also Czech Republic is an EU member and North Macedonia is an EU candidate.
Bilateral relations are excellent and besides the fact that North Macedonia became an independent country only in 1991, Czech Republic–North Macedonia relations have a long tradition.

## Historical relations

Before 1991, much of the relations occurred in the context between Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia.
Between the two world wars, from 1924 to 1938, the Czechoslovak Republic had a consulate in Skopje, which in that period was (as was the whole of today's North Macedonia) a part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
The Czechoslovak consul in Skopje in 1928, Vladimír Znojemský, underlined in his reports the existence of a Macedonian nation in the region of Macedonia, which is "different from what the others are, whose people speak a different language and feel different".
In the period between 1918 and World War II Czechoslovakia supported the several Macedonian initiatives on recognition of the Macedonian nation. At that time, the Macedonian nation was not recognized by the authorities of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Instead, the Macedonians were regarded as (Southern) Serbs.
In 1968, when the Warsaw Pact invaded Czechoslovakia, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia (at that time a republic within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) supported Czechoslovakia. A lot of manifestations were held there in order to support Czechoslovakia and to protest against what was happening.

## Relations since 1991

The Czech Republic offers continuous support to North Macedonia considering the country's accession to the European Union, which is among the top strategic priorities of North Macedonia.
The cooperation in the field of economy between North Macedonia and the Czech Republic is good and improving. The level of trade exchange between the two countries shows a positive trend. Many companies from the Czech Republic have so far invested in North Macedonia.
Other spheres of good cooperation between the two states are tourism and education.
The Czech Republic is also a country that recognized North Macedonia under its former constitutional name Republic of Macedonia, before the Prespa Agreement. The Czech Republic therefore was one of 131 states in total, which had recognized North Macedonia by its former constitutional name.
During 2015 European migrant crisis Czech government supported Macedonian border protection and sent auxiliary Czech Police troops to the country. This was also subsequently stressed by President Miloš Zeman's visit in Skopje in June 2016.

## Diplomatic representations

The embassy of the Czech Republic in Macedonia was opened in September 2006 and is located in Skopje. North Macedonia's embassy in the Czech Republic, which was opened in January 2008, is in the capital Prague.
# Dagmar Olsson

Dagmar Olsson (27 September 1908 – 20 December 1980) was a Swedish film actress. She appeared in 27 films between 1931 and 1968.

## Selected filmography

* The False Millionaire (1931)
* It Is My Music (1942)
* We House Slaves (1942)
* Crisis (1946)
* Perhaps a Gentleman (1950)
* Skipper in Stormy Weather (1951)
* Åsa-Nisse on Holiday (1953)
* Stupid Bom (1953)
* Lovely Is the Summer Night (1961)
# DYTA

99.9 XFM (DYTA 99.9 MHz) is an FM station owned by Wave Network and operated by Y2H Broadcasting Network. Its studios and transmitter are located along Maharlika St., Tacloban.

## History

The station was formerly known as 99.9 Trenz FM from 2017 to 2019 and Sunshine 99.9 under Local Community Outreach Philippines from 2019 to 2021. On March 14, 2024, the station returned on air after Y2H Broadcasting Network took over management and rebranded it as XFM with a news and music format.
# Megas 1972–2002

Megas 1972–2002 is a compilation released in 2002 by the Icelandic rock singer Megas to commemorate the 30th anniversary of his music career. This compilation, made up of 43 tracks, contains several of Megas's hits, from the first album titled Megas (1972) to Englaryk í Tímaglasi (2002).
The compilation features singer Björk as backing vocalist and the long-time collaborator, Guðlaugur Kristinn Óttarsson, who added guitars on several tracks.
# Urge, Pärnu County

Urge is a village in Tori Parish, Pärnu County in southwestern Estonia. Prior to the administrative reform of Estonian local governments in 2017, the village was part of Sauga Parish.
# Ushavadata

Ushavadata (Brahmi: U-ṣa-va-dā-ta, Uṣavadāta), also known as Rishabhadatta, was a viceroy and son-in-law of the Western Kshatrapa ruler Nahapana, who ruled in western India.

## Name

Ushavadata's name is attested in his inscriptions as Uṣavadāta, which is derived from the Saka name *R̥śvadāta, meaning "rightly created".

## Inscriptions

Much of the information about Ushavadata comes from his Nashik and Karle inscriptions. The Nashik inscription contains an eulogy of Ushavadata in Sanskrit, and then records the donation of a cave to Buddhists in a Middle Indo-Aryan language. The Karle inscription contains a similar eulogy, but in the Middle Indo-Aryan language.

## Early life

Ushavadata was the son of one Dinika. He identifies as a Shaka (IAST: Śaka) in his Nashik inscription:
   "[Success !] By permanent charities of Ushavadata, the Shaka, [son of Dinika], son-in-law of king Nahapana, the [Kshahara]ta Kshatrapa...."
He believed in Brahmanism, and married Nahapana's daughter Dakshamitra.

## Charity

Both of Ushavadata's inscriptions mention the following of his charitable acts:
* Donated 300,000 cows
* Donated gold for the establishment of a holy site on the banks of the Barnasa river
* Donated 16 villages to the deities and Brahmanas (priests)
* Gave 8 wives to the Brahmanas at the holy site of Prabhasa
* Fed hundreds of thousands of Brahmanas every year
The Nashik inscription records more such acts, stating that Ushavadata exhibited very pious behaviour at the Trirashmi hills, where the Nashik caves are located:
* Donated four-roomed rest houses in Bharukachchha (Bharuch), Dashapura (Mandsaur), Govardhana (near Nashik), and Shurparaka (Nala Sopara)
* Commissioned gardens, tanks, and wells
* Established free crossings at several rivers, including Iba, Parada, Damana, Tapi, Karabena, Dahanuka, and Nava
* Established public water stations on both the banks of these rivers
* Donated 32,000 coconut tree stems at Nanamgola village to the associations of charakas at Pimditakavada, Govardhana, Suvarnamukha, and Shurparaka
* Purchased a field from a Brahmana family, and donated it to Buddhists along with a rock-cut cave (one of the Nasik Caves).
   "Success! In the year 42, in the month Vesakha, Ushavadata, son of Dinika, son-in-law of king Nahapana, the Kshaharata Kshatrapa, has bestowed this cave on the Samgha generally...."
Nasik Pandavleni Caves, cave No.10 :
* Front
* Veranda
* Interior
* Chaitya and Umbrellas
* Inscription by Ushavadata's wife, Dakshamitra.

## Military career

Ushavadatta campaigned in the north under the orders of Nahapana to rescue the Uttamabhadras, who had been attacked by the Malayas (identified with the Malavas). He also extended the realm by defeating other enemies.
The Satavahana king Gautamiputra Satakarni appears to have defeated Rishabhadatta. An inscription discovered in Nashik, dated to the 18th year of Gautamiputra's reign, states that he donated a piece of land to Buddhist monks; this land was earlier in the possession of Ushavadata.
# Norma Brown

Norma Brown may refer to:
* Norma Parker (1906–2004), married name Brown, Australian social worker and educator
* Norma Elaine Brown (1926–2003), U.S. Air Force general
# Nombulelo Mabandla

Mary Nombulelo Mabandla (died 28 September 2011) was a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature from May 2009 until her death in September 2011. During that time, she served as the Eastern Cape's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Human Settlements between May 2009 and November 2010. Before her election to the provincial legislature, Mabandla was an ANC Youth League activist and a local councillor in Mhlontlo Local Municipality, her hometown.

## Early life and career

Mabandla was born in 1969 or 1970 in Chulunca in present-day Mhlontlo Local Municipality in the former Cape Province. She entered frontline politics through the ANC Youth League and served as Provincial Treasurer for the league's Eastern Cape branch. In the 2006 local elections, she was elected as a councillor in Mhlontlo and was appointed as a Member of the Mayoral Committee.
In the 2009 general election, she stood successfully for election to the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature, ranked 23rd on the ANC's provincial party list. After the election, Premier Noxolo Kiviet announced that Mabandla would join the Eastern Cape Executive Council as MEC for Human Settlements. However, Mabandla held that office for less than two years: on 27 November 2010, Kiviet announced a major reshuffle in which Mabandla's portfolio was merged with the Safety and Liaison portfolio and Mabandla herself was fired from the Executive Council. She continued to serve as an ordinary Member of the Provincial Legislature until her death.

## Personal life and death

Mabandla died on 28 September 2011, aged 41. At the time of her death, she was in Kokstad on her way to Durban with her husband following a work trip to Port St. Johns. According to News24, she died "under mysterious circumstances": she reportedly died after taking water purification tablets, but an autopsy found that her injuries were consistent with strangulation. She was buried in Qumbu.
Mabandla had six children and was married twice: first in a customary marriage to Luxolo Manentsa in 1991 and then to Phumzile Mabandla in 2000. Her mother and her elder children later disputed the legal validity of her second marriage, claiming that Mabandla had left Manentsa in a quarrel but had never ended her first marriage. They also claimed that Phumzile Mabandla had been unable to produce a marriage certificate when attempting to claim Mabandla's body from the hospital in Kokstad. Following a dispute and a court application by Mabandla's family, a court annulled Mabandla's second marriage in May 2013.
# No-drive zone

A no-drive zone is a form of interdiction and specifically a militarily enforced declaration of an intent to deny vehicular movement over a strategic or tactically valued line of communication by the threat of vehicle destruction. A capability first used in the Balkans and a term recently coined during the 2011 Libyan civil war as a potential course of action to prevent Muammar Gaddafi's government forces from approaching rebel strongholds near Benghazi, no-drive zones present unique challenges to military planners and warfighters. Unlike no-fly zone enforcement where electronic and visual means of identification of relatively few air entities allow warfighters to sort out potential targets, no-drive zones may include a variety of vehicle types with no electronic signatures to identify themselves and where enemy, friendly, and unaffiliated traffic are co-mingled. Enforcement from the air is further complicated by the necessary coordination with ground controller units providing persistent surveillance and possible identification when airborne intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) assets are unavailable or denied necessary airspace access.
Employing air-to-ground precision-guided munitions in support of a no-drive zone is an extremely challenging effort. Moving vehicles present a difficult target for fighter aircraft as they can stop or turn, use weather or night time for cover, compounding the targeting solution calculation or travel into areas where unacceptable collateral damage may occur after targeting and weapon release. The anticipated rules of engagement would likely include notification to the friendly or supported forces that no vehicles should be allowed to enter the zone as all vehicles detected in the zone will be considered as suspected hostile. Vehicles detected in the zone may be subjected to the Find, Fix, Track, Target, Engage, and Assess (F2T2EA) process by warfighters or engaged immediately per free-fire zone tactics. However, this interruption of ground travel over major roadways or designated geographic areas over a long period of time could have negative impacts on the economic flow of goods in the region.
Several different munitions would be available to enforce a no-drive zone. One system in full rate production, the GBU-53/B StormBreaker Small Diameter Bomb II, is being designed to attack moving targets, through the weather, and from standoff ranges. It will be able to distinguish between tracked vehicles and wheeled vehicles but cannot identify the exact vehicle type. The GBU-53/B accepts post-release control from either an airborne or ground controller unit to include the ability to receive retargeting and abort commands.
Other engagement options could include vehicle interdiction by other military vehicles, artillery, laser-guided bombs, or directed-energy weapons.
# Megh Singh

Lieutenant Colonel Megh Singh (c. 1922–2010) was an Indian military officer. Hailing from Rajasthan, from a Rathore Rajput family India, he joined the Patiala State forces and then taken into the 3 Guards(1 Raj Rif). Lt.Col.Megh Singh (also) Maj. Megh Singh was known for creating the Special forces of India.
Singh died in 2010, at the age of 88.

## Military service

Megh Singh was known for creating the Special forces of India. Then Major Megh Singh, who was surpassed for the promotion to Lt.Col. approached Lt. Gen. Harbaksh Singh and he volunteered to raise a Special Commando for India. Lt. Gen. Harbaksh Singh accepted Maj.Megh Singh's proposal. Maj Megh Singh raised a special force of volunteers personally chosen by him. The formation was not formally authorized by the Government so it is informally named as the 'Meghdoot force' in the name of Maj.Megh Singh. Harbaksh Singh in his book "In the Line of Duty: A soldier remembers" mentions that Megh Singh was demoted to Major after a court-martial and after his daring raid across the enemy line when he returned with a bullet injury in his thigh, Harbaksh Singh again promoted him as a Lt.Col.
Later Megh Singh joined Border Security Force and raised its commando Battalion(the 18th Battalion)$^{[3]}$ and retired from the rank of Deputy Inspector General.

## Recognition and awards

Singh was awarded a Vir Chakra for his bravery in battle. His Vir Chakra Citation reads as under citation:
"Lieutenant Colonel Megh Singh, then a Major, with a Brigade in Jammu and Kashmir, successfully conducted three important raids into enemy territory from 1 to 11 September 1965. On 2 September, his force blew up a big culvert on the Kotli Bandigopalpur road, disrupting the enemy's line of communication inside their territory. On 6 September, his column captured two important picquets, Neja Pir and Ari Dhok. Again on 10 September, his column went two miles deep into enemy territory and effected the Uri-Poonch link-up at Kahuta in spite of heavy enemy fire. In all these actions, by his exemplary courage and initiative, Lieutenant Colonel Megh Singh inspired confidence in the volunteers under him, causing confusion and casualties in enemy camps and facilitating the success of the brigade's operational plan."
# Melapalur

Melapalur is a village in the Ariyalur taluk of Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu, India.Melapalur is located 15 km west from the District headquarters Ariyalur.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Melapalur had a total population of 2000 with 1100 males and 900 females. According to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Melapalur village is 636480. Melapalur village is located in Ariyalur Tehsil of Ariyalur district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated 15km away from Ariyalur, which is both district & sub-district headquarter of Melapalur village. As per 2009 stats, Melapalur village is also a gram panchayat.
The total geographical area of village is 409.38 hectares. Melapalur has a total population of 1,003 peoples. There are about 274 houses in Melapalur village. As per 2019 stats, Melapalur villages comes under Ariyalur assembly & Chidambaram parliamentary constituency. Ariyalur is nearest town to Melapalur.
# Norman Jones

Norman or Norm Jones may refer to:

## Politicians

* Norman Jones (politician) (1923–1987), New Zealand legislator
* Norman L. Jones (1870–1940), American jurist and politician
* Gerry Jones (Norman Francis Jones, 1932–2017), Australian political organiser and legislator

## Other people

* Norman Sherwood-Jones (1911–1951), English Anglican bishop in Nigeria
* Norman Jones (actor) (1932–2013), English actor
* Norman Jones (boxer) (1930–1999), Australian Olympic boxer
* Norman Jones (footballer), English footballer of the 1920s
* Norman Jones (sailor) (1923–1995), Canadian-Bermudian sailor
* Norman Cyril Jones (1895–1974), English flying ace during World War I
# University of Florida Marston Science Library

The Marston Science Library, often called Marston, is the science and engineering library of the University of Florida (UF) located in Gainesville, Florida. Administered by the university's George A. Smathers Libraries system, Marston hosts the university's extensive collections in agriculture, biological sciences, chemical and physical sciences, engineering, mathematics, and statistics, as well as librarians trained to help students and faculty working in these fields. It is located in the center of UF's campus adjacent to campus landmarks such as Turlington Hall, the University Auditorium, and Century Tower.

## History

The Marston Science Library was named for the seventh president of the University of Florida, Robert Q. Marston, who served from 1974 to 1984. Marston was a medical doctor, research scientist and Rhodes Scholar, who previously served as the dean of the University of Mississippi School of Medicine (1961–1965) and the director of the National Institutes of Health (1968–1973).
Completed in 1987, the Marston Science Library brought together several existing science branch libraries, including the Agriculture Library (founded in 1905), the Physics Library (1909), the Botany Library (1909), the Engineering Library (1912), the Chemistry Library (1923) and the Biology-Geology Library (1947).
In 2008, Marston began hosting an annual competition, the Elegance of Science, in which University of Florida faculty, staff and students submit artwork on the topic of science.

## Collaboration Commons

Collaboration Commons is the name for the renovated first floor of the Marston Science Library. Completed in the Fall of 2014, the approximately $5.7 million project was designed to act as a progressive study area for students. The new study space includes the additions of more general seating, a conference room, and multiple group study rooms. Innovative technology was also added, with 3D scanning and 3D printing equipment, as well as a multi-touch visualization wall and the new MADE@UF Lab for creating mobile apps and games all included as a part of the project.
The first floor of the Marston Science Library was previously home to around 190,000 pre-1990 academic journals and the sizeable Government Documents Department and Map & Imagery Library collection. In order to make room for the new project, the government documents and the journals were moved to be stored at the Auxiliary Library Facility, and the Map & Imagery Library collection was moved across campus to the first floor of Smathers Library East.
# University of Florida Health Science Center

The University of Florida Health Science Center (HSC), also known as the J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center, is the medical division of the University of Florida.
Its primary campuses are located on the university's main campus in Gainesville, Florida and at UF Health at Jacksonville in Jacksonville, Florida. The Health Science Center comprises six colleges: Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Public Health and Health Professions, and Veterinary Medicine. The Gainesville campus is the only academic health center in the United States with six health-related colleges located on a single, contiguous campus.
In 2018 the Health Science Center generated over $410 Million in total research awards, and also collected over $22 Million in licensing and royalties The HSC is affiliated with UF Health Shands Hospital in Gainesville and UF Health Jacksonville.
As of 2019 the Health Science Center enrolls 7,010 students within the six HSC academic colleges. In addition the HSC employs over 2,400 Faculty Members, over 24,000 staff members, and over 1,200 fellows and residents.

## History

The facility was named after the fourth president of the University of Florida, J. Hillis Miller Sr., who served from 1947 to 1953. Miller spearheaded the effort to fund and build the university's College of Medicine and its teaching hospital, which were incorporated into the Health Science Center.

## Divisions
### Health Science Center Gainesville

Located at UF's main campus, the center encompasses:
* Six health colleges:
** College of Dentistry
** College of Public Health and Health Professions
** College of Medicine
** College of Nursing
** College of Pharmacy
** College of Veterinary Medicine
* Six research institutes:
** UF Health Cancer Center
** Clinical and Translational Science Institute
** Emerging Pathogens Institute
** Genetics Institute
** Institute on Aging
** McKnight Brain Institute
* Two specialty hospitals
* One teaching hospital: UF Health Shands Hospital

### Health Science Center Jacksonville

Jacksonville is home to a large regional campus of UF Health, including:
* Three colleges:
** College of Medicine
** College of Nursing
** College of Pharmacy
* UF Proton Therapy Institute
* UF Health Jacksonville hospital

## Facility Images

* Bird's-eye view of the Health Science Center
* Cancer Center
* Teaching Hospital
* McKnight Brain Institute
* The Heart and Vascular Division of the teaching hospital

## Accreditation

The Health Science Center is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award baccalaureate, master and doctoral degrees. Each of the professional colleges or programs is accredited by the appropriate agency for the profession or program.
# Melanogaster hirtella

Melanogaster hirtella is a European species of hoverfly.

## Description

Wing length: 5.25–6.75 mm (0.207–0.266 in). Black with dark wings. Male thorax and scutellar dorsum with a mixture of long and short hairs, varying from completely yellowish to a large portion of dark hairs. Face broad: width of the head/width of the face under the antennae: 1.91–2.08. Female thoracic dorsum with long, erect black to grey hairs. The male genitalia are figured by Maibach and Goeldlin de Tiefenau (1994). The larva is figured by Hartley (1961).

## Distribution

Palearctic Atlantic Europe. Denmark south to Brittany, the Pyrenees and Portugal. Ireland then east only to the Alps (Switzerland and Liechtenstein).

## Habitat

Wetland, fen, marsh, waterside pasture, along woodland streams, beside ponds, lakes, and rivers. Flowers visited include white umbellifers, Caltha, Euphorbia, Iris pseudacorus, Menyanthes, Mimulus guttatus, Potentilla erecta, Pyrus communis, Ranunculus, Sorbus aucuparia, Taraxacum, Viburnum opulus.

## Biology

The flight period is April to July. The larva is aquatic, associated with various aquatic plants, including Glyceria and Typha. The larvae tap the aerenchyma to gain their air supply.