OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ma Yuan (painter)

Ma Yuan (Chinese: 馬遠; pinyin: Mǎ Yuǎn; Wade–Giles: Ma Yüan; c. 1160–65 – 1225) was a Chinese painter of the Song dynasty. His works, together with that of Xia Gui, formed the basis of the so-called Ma-Xia (馬夏) school of painting, and are considered among the finest from the period. His works has inspired both Chinese artists of the Zhe school, as well as the early Japanese painters Shūbun and Sesshū.

## Biography

Ma Yuan was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) into a family of painters. His great-grandfather Ma Fen served as painter in attendance at the Northern Song court in early 12th century, and both his grandfather Ma Xingzu and his father Ma Shirong held the same position at the Southern Song court in Hangzhou. At some point after 1189, Ma Yuan received the same position under Emperor Guangzong. He evidently enjoyed a high reputation at the court and was a favorite of Emperor Ningzong (who wrote several poems inspired by Ma Yuan's paintings); but nothing more is known about his life. He died in 1225. His son, Ma Lin, who rose to the rank of painter-in-waiting, was the last painter in the family.

### Works

Although a very versatile painter, Ma is known today primarily for his landscape scrolls. His technique, like that of many contemporaries, was at first inspired by Li Tang. Eventually Ma developed a personal style, with marked decorative elements ("pine trees [...] strong as if they were made of iron wire", as described in a contemporary source). A characteristic feature of many paintings is the so-called "one-corner" composition, in which the actual subjects of the painting are pushed to a corner or a side, leaving the other part of the painting more or less empty.
Aside from landscapes, Ma's surviving oeuvre includes many different types of works. These include a number of delicate flower paintings (National Palace Museum, Taipei), a series of paintings of water and mountains (Palace Museum, Beijing), some paintings of Zen masters (two kept in Tenryū-ji, Kyoto), etc. Many album leaves survive that can attributed to Ma Yuan, but his authorship is disputed for all but a few of them, since Ma's popularity in his day led to numerous painters imitating his style. Walking on a Mountain Path in Spring (National Palace Museum) is among the album leaves with secure attribution, as are two leaves in the collection of Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and one in Mr. and Mrs. Dean Perry Collection, Cleveland, Ohio. A group of hand scrolls survives as well, including one of the most important works, The Four Sages of Shangshan, in the collection of the Cincinnati Art Museum in Ohio. In the history of science and technology in China, Ma Yuan is remembered as being the first to depict a fishing reel in artwork (i.e. in his painting Angler on a Wintry Lake).
# Xmx

In cryptography, xmx is a block cipher designed in 1997 by David M'Raïhi, David Naccache, Jacques Stern, and Serge Vaudenay. According to the designers it "uses public-key-like operations as confusion and diffusion means." The cipher was designed for efficiency, and the only operations it uses are XORs and modular multiplications.
The main parameters of xmx are variable, including the block size and key size, which are equal, as well as the number of rounds. In addition to the key, it also makes use of an odd modulus n which is small enough to fit in a single block.
The round function is f(m)=(moa)·b mod n, where a and b are subkeys and b is coprime to n. Here moa represents an operation that equals m XOR a, if that is less than n, and otherwise equals m. This is a simple invertible operation: moaoa = m. The xmx cipher consists of an even number of iterations of the round function, followed by a final o with an additional subkey.
The key schedule is very simple, using the same key for all the multipliers, and three different subkeys for the others: the key itself for the first half of the cipher, its multiplicative inverse mod n for the last half, and the XOR of these two for the middle subkey.
The designers defined four specific variants of xmx:
* Standard: 512-bit block size, 8 rounds, n=2$^{512}$-1
* High security: 768-bit block size, 12 rounds, n=2$^{768}$-1
* Very-high security: 1024-bit block size, 16 rounds, n=2$^{1024}$-1
* Challenge: 256-bit block size, 8 rounds, n=(2$^{80}$-1)·2$^{176}$+157
Borisov, et al., using a multiplicative form of differential cryptanalysis, found a complementation property for any variant of xmx, like the first three above, such that n=2$^k$-1, where k is the block size. They also found large weak key classes for the Challenge variant, and for many other moduli.
# North West India Championships

The North West India Championships was a combined men's and women's international tennis tournament founded in 1930. The championships were played in Karachi, India. The championships ran until 1939 before they was discontinued due to World War II.

## History

Tennis was introduced to India in the 1880s by British Army and Civilian Officers. In 1930 the North West India Championships were founded in Karachi, then in the undivided India as an international tennis tournament. The championships ran until 1939 before they was discontinued due to World War Two. Following the partition of India in 1947 and the creation of Pakistan as a sovereign state this tournament was revived as the All-Pakistan Championships in 1949 held in Lahore.
# George Balfour (Conservative politician)

George Balfour (1872 – 26 September 1941) was a British Conservative Party politician and engineer. He was of Scottish parentage where he also spent part of his upbringing but was born in Portsmouth, England. He served his long parliamentary career representing a constituency in the County of London and lived much of his life in England.

## Career

George Balfour joined the Blackness Foundry in Dundee as an apprentice in 1888. He subsequently qualified as a mechanical and electrical engineer. In 1909, together with Andrew Beatty, an English accountant, he founded Balfour Beatty which was to become an international construction business. Under his leadership the company installed a new tramway system in Dunfermline in Fife. The two partners also founded Power Securities, a business established to pursue opportunities in hydro-electric power, in 1922. He was vice-chairman in 1929 and chairman in 1938 of the Lancashire Electric Power Company.

## Political life

From 1918 to 1941, Balfour sat as Member of Parliament (MP) for Hampstead. He contributed to many debates on employment issues.

## Death

Balfour died on 26 September 1941 at which time he was still a serving MP.

## Honours

In 2020 he was inducted into the Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame.
# Four Happiness Boys

The image of the Four Happiness Boys is believed to have begun during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) by a child prodigy by the name of Jie Jin.
By the age of five, this remarkable child had studied and mastered the ancient Chinese ‘Four Books’ and the ‘Five Classics' and soon made his way into formal studies alongside other renowned Chinese scholars of the period. The "Four Happiness Boys" is the ancient Chinese image or drawing of two interconnected boys to create the illusion of four laughing boys lying in four directions. The picture symbolizes ‘four happiness joined together’, which basically were: (a) a wedding night, (b)passing the imperial exams, (c) running into a friend in a faraway place, and (d) rain after a long drought – instances all considered to be among life's major fortunes in ancient China.
To this day, this image continues to be painted, drawn or cast in many materials including bronze, brass, and porcelain and is often given as a symbolic wedding gift for an abundant marriage, many generations of children, and good fortune and happiness.
# Ocean Biomedical

Ocean Biomedical is a new-generation American biopharmaceutical company based in Providence, Rhode Island. The company has product candidates addressing malaria, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. Ocean Biomedical was founded by Indian-American physician Chirinjeev Kathuria with Scientific Co-founders Jack Elias and Dr. Jonathan Kurtis, both from Brown University’s Medical School faculty. They aim to build a pipeline of preclinical, clinical, and commercial drug development by bringing together interdisciplinary expertise and resources.

## History

In January 2019 Chirinjeev Kathuria co-founded Ocean Biomedical in Rhode Island, United States. The company was also co-founded by Jack Elias, who was Dean of Medicine at Brown University at the time, but currently works as a senior health advisor at Brown. Ocean Biomedical started off as a Brown University biotech "spin-off." The biopharmaceutical company is currently based in Province, Rhode Island. As of 2021 the CEO of the company is Elizabeth Ng. The company works with scientists and research institutions around the world on the research and development projects for new medicines.
In 2021 Ocean Biomedical announced plans to go public and filed for a $100 million,the only known investor is Alan Mendosa Campos.

## Areas

Ocean Biomedical has worked in areas such as non-small cell lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis.

## Vaccines

Ocean Biomedical has worked on developing vaccines for tropical diseases such as malaria, as well as for emerging diseases like COVID-19. In 2020, the company announced the discovery of a malaria vaccine.

## Affiliations and partnerships

Ocean Biomedical also has partnered with scientists such as:
* Jack Elias (Dean of Biology and Medicine of Brown University's Alpert Medical School)
* Jake Kurtis (Chair of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University)
Scientific advisors include Roy Herbst, Wafik el-Deiry, Erol Fikrig, and William H. Koster.
# Eumachia lepiniana

Eumachia lepiniana is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to the island of Tahiti in the Society Islands of French Polynesia.
# Eylo (name)

Eylo was the first count of Álava around 868.
Eylo, Eilo, Ello, Elo or Ailo was also a women's name in 11th- and 12th-century Spain. Its origin is unknown, but it has been proposed that it is a hypocoristic of Eulalia, that it is a short form of Eloísa (Latin Aloysia, the feminin form of Louis) or that it is the same as the Gothic name Egilo/Egilona, spelled to reflect contemporary pronunciation.
It may refer to:
* Eylo Alfonso (fl. 1075–1109), daughter of Count Alfonso Muñoz and wife of Count Pedro Ansúrez
* Eylo Álvarez (fl. 1114–1148), daughter of Álvar Fáñez and wife of Rodrigo Fernández de Castro
# Lourdaise

The Lourdaise is an endangered French breed of domestic cattle. It is named for the town of Lourdes, in the Hautes-Pyrénées département of the region of Occitanie, and originated in the surrounding country, particularly in the cantons of Argelès, Bagnères-de-Bigorre and Ossun. It was formerly a triple-purpose breed, kept for its milk, for its meat and for draught work. It was widely distributed in the Pyrénées of south-western France. It came close to extinction in the 1980s, but has since recovered following conservation efforts. It remains critically endangered.

## History

The Lourdaise originated in the rural areas surrounding Lourdes, now in the Hautes-Pyrénées département of Occitanie. It was particularly associated with the cantons of Argelès, Bagnères-de-Bigorre and Ossun, but was widely distributed in the area. It was the principal cattle breed of the traditional regions of the Bigorre and of the Lavedan. A herd-book was established in the 1890s, and in 1896 it held a total of 850 animals. At the beginning of the twentieth century there were some 25 000 head;$^{:233}$ more than 200 bulls were approved for public use as sires.
Breed numbers fell drastically in the years following the Second World War, for three reasons: the mechanisation of agriculture meant that there was decreased demand for draught cattle; specialised single-purpose breeds, such as the Braunvieh and Friesian for milk and the Charolaise and Limousine for beef, were introduced to the area; and in 1960, Edmond Quittet, the Inspecteur général de l'agriculture [fr], established a policy of reduction of the number of French minority breeds. By 1983, only 30 Lourdaise cows remained. Conservation efforts were begun, with contributions from the Parc National des Pyrénées, the French Ministry of Agriculture, and the regional administration of Haute-Pyrénées.
The Lourdaise was listed as "critical-maintained" by the FAO in 2007.$^{:41}$ In 2014 the total population was reported to be 268.

## Characteristics

The Lourdaise is white or cream-coloured. The skin is white and the muzzle and mucous areas are pale. The inner side of the thigh and the surround of the eyes and of the muzzle is white.

## Use

The Lourdaise was formerly a triple-purpose breed, kept for its milk, for its meat and for draught work. Milk production is estimated at 3000 litres in a lactation of 305 days; fat content is about 3.8% and protein about 3.3%.$^{:241}$ There is enough milk for naturally-fed milk veal production.
# District Council of Mount Muirhead

The District Council of Mount Muirhead was a local government area in South Australia from 1888 to 1914.

## History

According to South Australian local government historian Sue Marsden "development of South Australia's South East was greatly helped by drainage schemes. Elsewhere in South Australia the Local Board of Main Roads was the precursor to local government, but in the South East it was district drainage boards."
The original South-East Drainage District was formed in April 1876. Part of this district and part of the Tantanoola Drainage District within the vicinity of the Hundred of Mount Muirhead were split off later in 1876 to form a new drainage district called Mount Muirhead Drainage District. In 1879 the Mount Muirhead district was expanded to include more of the South-East district. On 27 April 1882 both the Mount Muirhead and South-East districts were dissolved and a new (second) Mount Muirhead Drainage District was established along with the new drainage district of Mayurra.
The District Council of Mount Muirhead was established in 1888 by the enactment of the District Councils Act 1887, a statewide legislative push to ensure all settled areas of the state be under local governance. It stated that all existing drainage districts (and the accompanying drainage boards) were to effectively become district councils.
On 4 June 1914, Mount Muirhead district was annexed by the District Council of Millicent. The enlarged council area was divided into five wards: Central, Mayurra, Mount Muirhead, Nangula, and Rendlesham.
# European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters

The European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters is a 1959 Council of Europe mutual legal assistance treaty. It has been ratified by 50 states including all 46 member states of the Council of Europe.
The parties to the Convention agree to offer each other "the widest measure of mutual assistance" in investigating crimes, procuring evidence, and in prosecuting criminal suspects. The Convention specifies the requirements that requests for legal assistance and letters rogatory from the "requesting state" to the "requested state" have to meet. The Convention also sets out rules for the enforcement of such letters rogatory by the authorities of the requested state.
The Convention was concluded in Strasbourg, France, on 20 April 1959 and entered into force on 12 June 1962. In 2009, San Marino became the 47th and final member state of the Council of Europe to ratify the Convention, making it one of the few universal Conventions amongst member states of the Council. The Convention has also been ratified by Chile, Russia, Israel, and South Korea.
# Xmulzencab

Xmulzencab are a group of Maya bee deities.
# Otto Wilhelm Königsmarck

Count Otto Wilhelm von Königsmarck (5 January 1639 – 15 September 1688) was a German nobleman from Minden, who became a Swedish military officer.

## Early life

Königsmarck was born in Northern Germany, as the son of Count Hans Christoff von Königsmarck and his wife, Barabara Maria Agathe von Leesten (1608-1671). He was brother of Count Conrad Christoff von Königsmarck and uncle of Aurora von Königsmarck, Amalia Wilhelmina von Königsmarck, Philip Christoph von Königsmarck and Karl Johann von Königsmarck.

## Education

After his parents settled in Stade in 1645, his mother ensured that her son had a good education. Initially, Königsmarck was probably taught by the scholar Johann Heinrich Tonsor, but Esaias von Pufendorf was his preceptor (private tutor). He studied at the University of Jena for over three years, where he became Rector magnificus due to his noble descent. He then briefly visited the universities in Tübingen, Strasbourg, Basel, then the University of Geneva, Blois and Angers and did the Grand Tour that was customary at the time.

## Career

He attained the rank of field marshal in 1676, commanded the Battle of Stralsund (1678), and became Governor General for Swedish Pomerania from 1679 to 1687. Alongside Francesco Morosini, he led the Venetian conquest of the Morea in the early years of the Morean War, and died of the plague during the Siege of Negroponte (1688).

## Personal life

He was married to Countess Catharina Charlotta De la Gardie (1655-1697), daughter of Count Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie and his wife, Princess Maria Euphrosyne of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg. They didn't have children.
# FpML

FpML (Financial products Markup Language) is a business information exchange standard based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) that enables business-to-business over-the-counter (OTC) financial derivative transactions online by following W3C standards.
The standard is managed by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) on behalf of a community of investment banks that make up the OTC derivatives industry. All categories of privately negotiated derivatives will eventually be included within the standard.
FpML is distinct from similar financial standards such as SWIFT and FIX because it does not specify a network or transport mechanism.

## History

The FpML standard was first published by JPMorgan and PricewaterhouseCoopers on 9 June 1999 in a paper titled "Introducing FpML: A New Standard for E-commerce". As a result, the FpML standards committee was founded.
The core scope includes the products of Foreign Exchange (FX) Swaps and Options, Interest Rate Swaps, Inflation Swaps, Asset Swaps, Swaptions, Credit Default Swaps, Credit Default Swap Indices and Baskets, Equity Derivatives, Equity Swaps, Total Return Swaps, and many others.
The core processes include trading, valuation, confirmation, novation, increase, amendment, termination, allocation, position reporting, cash flow matching, formal definition of party roles, as well as trade notification between asset managers and custodians.
As of December 2021, FpML 5.12 is the latest recommended version.
# Obazu

Obazu in Imo State is one of the autonomous communities in Mbieri ancient kingdom of Imo state. It is made up of six villages, namely: Umueze, Umuchoke, Umuchimanwiri, Amaogwugwu, Obilubi and Umunkwo in order of seniority. It is located at the eastern part of Mbieri and share boundaries with Umuoba, Orji and Owuala of Uratta people (Owerri North), Amatta and Akabo (Ikeduru) and Ụmụneke, Umunjam, Amaulu, Eziome, Achi, Umuagwu, Ubakuru and Amankuta (all of Mbieri town). The people are mostly Anglican though there are other Christian denomination followers among her people.
# Eucalyptus virginea

Eucalyptus virginea is a species of tree that is endemic to the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, narrow lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped fruit.

## Description

Eucalyptus virginea is a tree that typically grows to a height of 20 m (66 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth pale grey bark, sometimes with insect scribbles. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, thin, glossy green, paler on the lower surface, narrow lance-shaped, 70–100 mm (2.8–3.9 in) long and 13–25 mm (0.51–0.98 in) wide, tapering to a petiole 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 2–6 mm (0.079–0.236 in) long. Mature buds are spherical to diamond-shaped, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) long and 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) wide with a rounded to conical operculum. Flowering occurs from December or January to July and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody cup-shaped capsule 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and 7–12 mm (0.28–0.47 in) wide with the valves protruding above the rim.

## Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus virginea was first formally described in 2004 by Stephen Hopper and Greg Wardell-Johnson in the journal Nuytsia from specimens collected in the Mount Lindesay National Park (now part of the Mount Barney National Park) in 1993. The specific epithet (virginea) is from the Latin word virgineus meaning "pure white", referring to the white bark, but also to the forester Barney White.

## Distribution and habitat

This eucalypt grows in the transition zone between creek lines where karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) dominates, and drier uplands where marri (Corymbia calophylla) and jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) dominate. It occurs in the Mount Lindesay area, north of Denmark.

## Conservation status

This species is classified as "Priority Four" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife, meaning that is rare or near threatened.
# Eylex Cinemas

Eylex Films Pvt is a chain of multiplex and single-screen theatres. Eylex films pioneered the multiplex model in Jharkhand and Bihar. Its first multiplex was established in Ranchi in 2007, marking the first multiplex in the city of Ranchi and in states like Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha and Assam.
At present, the chain operates 24 screens in cities such as Asansol, Deoghar, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Muzaffarpur, Sambalpur, Jharsuguda and Silchar. The chain is actively looking to expand its footprint across India.

## Chain of theatres

Though the initial plan was to build one multiplex Eylex, the positive response from cine viewers led to the launch of Eylex in Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Sambalpur, Deoghar, Asansol and Silchar, as well as the newly opened DRB Palace Motijheel, Muzaffarpur.

## Film Production

Eylex Films ventured into film production in 2016. The first film produced by them is Mandobasar Galpo, a Bengali film, scheduled to release on 24 March 2017. The film has been directed by Tathagata Banerjee and produced by Akash Jalan and Vickash Chowdhury. The film stars Parambrata Chattopadhyay, Paoli Dam, Anindya Chatterjee, Indrasish Roy and Kaushik Sen.

## Related Articles

* Carnival Cinemas
# Lourde (river)

The Lourde is a stream in the Dordogne department of southwestern France. It is a tributary of the Auvézère river, which is part of the Dordogne basin. The 12.8 km (8.0 mi) long Lourde begins on the border of the communes of Teillots and Badefols-d'Ans. It passes Hautefort and empties into the Auvézère in its left bank in Cherveix-Cubas, northwest of the hamlet of Saint-Martial-Laborie.