OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alakamisy Marososona

Alakamisy Marososona is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Betafo, which is a part of Vakinankaratra region. The population of the commune was estimated 13,966 in 2018.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 90% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are rice and potatoes, while other important agricultural products are maize, barley and soya.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* ↑ "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
19°43′S 46°45′E﻿ / ﻿19.717°S 46.750°E﻿ / -19.717; 46.750
* This Vakinankaratra location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Thomas Brereton (dramatist)

Thomas Brereton (1691 – 1722), was an English dramatist.

## Early life and education

Brereton was descended from a younger branch of the noble family of Brereton in Cheshire. His father was Major Thomas Brereton of the Queen's Dragoons. He attended the free school of Chester, and a boarding school in the same city, kept by a Mr. Dennis, a French refugee. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Brasenose College, Oxford in 1709.

## Career

His father died before he reached his majority, leaving him a considerable fortune, which, however, he soon dissipated, his wife and family being compelled by destitution to retire to their relations in Wales in 1721.
The same year, he received from the government a small office connected with the customs at Chester.
In connection with the election of a relative as a member of parliament for Liverpool he wrote a libellous attack on the rival candidate, and to escape prosecution was advised to abscond. To baffle pursuit he determined to cross the Saltney when the tide was coming in. In the middle of the stream he quit his horse, resolving to trust to his remarkable powers as a swimmer, but he was unable to reach the shore. His death took place in February 1722.
Brereton was the author of two tragedies, including Esther or, faith triumphant. A sacred tragedy and Sir John Oldcastle, or Love and Zeal, a Tragedy.
He also the publisher of:
* "A Day's Journey from the Vale of Evesham to Oxford, to which are added two Town Eclogues"
* "An English Psalm ... on the late Thanksgiving Day," 1716
* "George, a poem, humbly inscribed to the Right Honourable the Earl of Warrington,'"1715
* "Charnock Junior, or the Coronation, being a Parody on Mack Flecknoe, occasioned by Dr. S——1's late exploit at St. Andrews, 1719. This had been published in 1710, printed and without the author's knowledge. It is a burlesque on Dr. Sacheverell's progress after his trial.

## Personal life

He married Jane (b. 1685), daughter of Thomas Hughes of Bryn Griffith, Mold, Flintshire, on 29 Jan. 1711. Two daughters survived him.
His wife died at Wrexham on 7 Aug. 1740. She wrote a good deal of verse in The Gentleman's Magazine and elsewhere, which was collected after her death and published, together with some of her letters (1744).
# Nicole Carignan

Nicole Carignan (born 1952) is a Canadian composer and music educator living in Quebec. She is a professor at the Université du Québec à Montréal.

## Early life and education

Carignan was born in Plessisville and earned a bachelor's degree in Music Education from the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), a B.Mus. and a M.Mus. in composition and a PhD in comparative and intercultural education from the Université de Montréal.

## Career

Carignan has written articles about music education, and has led seminars and workshops on composition in South Africa, Europe, Russia and the United States. She is a researcher at the Faculty of Education of the Université de Montréal, the Department of Education of UQAM and at Cleveland State University.
Carignan taught music for the Commission scolaire de Laval and also taught composition at the Akademi Musik Indonesia in Yogyakarta, Java. She was a professor at Cleveland State University and is currently a professor in Intercultural Education at UQAM. She has also taught at the University of Port Elizabeth in South Africa.
Carignan worked on a project called Music Box of Productions Pandore Inc., a CD-ROM series which explores the world's musical culture. In 1997, the project received the Award of Excellence from the Alliance for Children and Television.
Carignan created a number of musical works, including pieces for solo instruments and orchestral works. Over fifty of her compositions have premiered in locations around the world.
She has earned honourable mentions from the Canadian Race Relations Foundation for two of her projects: Intercultural encounters between immigrants learning French and pre-service teachers at UQAM and the development of a teacher's guide for the DVD A lesson in discrimination

## Selected compositions

* "Quiebra" (1994)
* "Time, Space and Context: The Last 23 Days"
# Nienstedt

Nienstedt is a village and a former municipality in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it has been a part of the town Allstedt. Together with the village Einzingen, it forms an Ortschaft of the town Allstedt.
The earliest known reference to the village is in a record from AD 899, where it is referred to as Ninstat.
# Alan Wood (engineer)

Alan John Wood, CBE, FREng (born March 20, 1947), was brought up in Sheffield, where he was educated at King Edward VII School.
In 1965 he won an open scholarship to Manchester University and graduated in 1968 with a first class honours degree in mechanical engineering.
He began his career as an engineering management trainee with Unilever on Merseyside. During his five years with this company, he spent periods in the soap & detergents and chemical businesses, but his major experience was with Van den Bergh & Jurgens, where he held project management and plant management positions before returning to university to take a second degree. He studied in the United States at Harvard University, where he was awarded a master's degree in business administration in 1975.
Following his return to the UK, he took over responsibility for the manufacturing operations of Crittall Construction, a supplier of bespoke curtain wall projects for prestige office developments, and then became managing director of Small Electric Motors, a specialist manufacturer of servomotors and tachogenerators, before joining Siemens in 1981. Initially he worked for Siemens in Germany. He then headed up Siemens Measurements in Oldham before taking over responsibility for the Siemens' Electronic Components, Telecommunications & Office Automation Divisions based in Sunbury on Thames.
Wood then became group managing director in Manchester with responsibility for four of the UK divisions of the company. In April 1998 he took over as chief executive of Siemens plc. In 2005 he was elected as a Fellow to the Royal Academy of Engineering.
Wood is president of EEF, the manufacturers' organisation.
# Majhi Khanda

Majhi Khanda also known as Choumoni, is a small village located in Tapan subdivision of Dakshin Dinajpur district in West Bengal, India.

## Location

It is situated 4 km (2.5 mi) from sub-district headquarters Tapan. Balurghat is the district headquarters of this village. Dwipkhanda gram panchayat is the gram panchayat of this village. The total geographical area of the village is 84.75 hectares (209.4 acres; 0.8475 km$^2$). The village code of this village is 311512.

## Population

With about 164 houses, this village has a total population of 694 people amongst them are 359 male and 335 female and a total geographical area of 84.75 hectares (209.4 acres) or 0.8475 km$^2$.
# Czechs in Venezuela

The Czech immigration in Venezuela began during the end of World War II. By 1950, the Czech colony was one of the most scarce European immigrant groups in the country: 1,124 people, according to the census of the time. It was not often that the Czechs people left their country with the express hopes of being settled in Venezuela. Many arrived after trying their luck in other countries; Others, by reference of third parties. But the main reason to settle here was simply the ease with which the Venezuelan government granted visas.
The second wave of immigration that came out of Czechoslovakia in this century, that of 1968, was numerous. Although most preferred countries in Western Europe, the United States or Canada, a few came to Venezuela. But after the division of Czechoslovakia (split today in the Czech Republic and Slovakia), the democratic opening, immigration to Venezuela has been almost nil.
At the Embassy of the Czech Republic in Caracas were registered at the end of the twentieth century just over 200 immigrants in the country but could be more. There is no known statistic, but according to Ambassador Antonin Blazek, if one compares the relationship between the number of immigrants and contributions to the country (means in commercial and cultural benefits), the Czechs could lead the list in Venezuela as one of the most productive immigrant colonies.

## Notable people

* Emil Friedman, violinist.
* Vladimir Kubis, veterinary
* Karl Stohr, composer and poet
* Harry Osers, engineer
* Peter Seidemann, engineer
* Hans Neumann, chemist
* Lothar Neumann, chemist
* Vanessa Neumann, lawyer
* Richard Novicki, parasitologist
* Ilan Chester, singer and composer
* Karl Roubicek, brewer master
* Perla Vonasek, actress
* L. Rafael Reif, engineer and inventor. 17th president of Massachusetts Institute of Technology
* Anneliese Rockenbach, swimmer
* Hellmuth Straka, anthropologist
* Tomas Straka, historian
* Martin Trnovsky, chemist
* Ernst Tugendhat, philosopher.
# Makada

Makada is an island in the Duke of York Islands archipelago in Papua New Guinea. It is located in the east of the country, in the East New Britain Province, about 800 km to the east of the Port Moresby.

## Geography

The Makada Island has a flat surface. The highest point on the island is 122 meters (400 ft) above sea level. It covers about 2.7 km (1.7 mi) from the north to the south and 3.0 km (1.9 mi) from the east to the west. Its total area is about 3.6 square kilometers (1.4 sq mi).
# Chronicon Scotorum

Chronicon Scotorum, also known as Chronicum Scotorum, is a medieval Irish chronicle.

## Overview

According to Nollaig Ó Muraíle, it is "a collection of annals belonging to the 'Clonmacnoise group', covering the period from prehistoric times to 1150 but with some gaps, closely related to the 'Annals of Tigernach'. It survives in a paper copy made by Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh c.1640 from an exemplar no longer extant."
MacFhirbhisigh's copy was held by his friend (and possible pupil) Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh in the late 17th century, but was in France for a time in the 1760s before its purchase by Trinity College Dublin in 1776. Edited and published by William M. Hennessy in 1866, it is accorded to be one of the more valuable Irish annals by virtue of its computational data which were frequently distorted in other such compilations.
Gilla Críst Ua Máel Eóin has been associated with the text as its compiler, but if so, it was continued at some point after his death. His actual role in relation to the Chronicon is uncertain.

## Editions

* Mac Niocaill, Gearóid (ed. and tr.). Chronicon Scotorum. Edition and translation available from CELT].
* Hennessy, William M. (ed. and tr.). Chronicum Scotorum. A Chronicle of Irish Affairs, from the earliest times to A.D. 1135, with a supplement containing the events from 1141 to 1150. Roll Series 46. London, 1866. Reprinted: Wiesbaden, 1964. PDF available from the Internet Archive.
# Waukenabo Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota

Waukenabo Township is a township in Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 316 as of the 2010 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.3 square miles (94.0 km$^2$), of which 33.2 square miles (86.0 km$^2$) is land and 3.1 square miles (8.0 km$^2$), or 8.47%, is water.

### Major highway

* U.S. Highway 169

### Lakes

* Baker Lake
* East Lake
* Esquagamah Lake (east three-quarters)
* Packer Lake
* Round Lake
* Sitas Lake
* Waukenabo Lake
* West Lake

### Adjacent townships

* Logan Township (east)
* Fleming Township (southeast)
* Morrison Township (south)

### Cemeteries

The township contains Waukenabo Cemetery.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 340 people, 135 households, and 105 families residing in the township. The population density was 10.3 people per square mile (4.0/km$^2$). There were 429 housing units at an average density of 13.0/sq mi (5.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 99.41% White, and 0.59% from two or more races.
There were 135 households, out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.9% were married couples living together, 3.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.5% were non-families. 17.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the township the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 20.9% from 25 to 44, 29.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 123.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.5 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $29,643, and the median income for a family was $30,833. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $19,327 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,621. About 15.5% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.3% of those under age 18 and 19.8% of those age 65 or over.
# Thompsonella

Thompsonella is a genus of plants in the family Crassulaceae and is a member of the Acre clade. It includes about eight species endemic to Mexico.
# J.W. Merkelbach

Johannes Wilhelm Merkelbach (known as Wim; born Amsterdam, 31 October 1871, died 8 December 1922) was a Dutch photographer and cinematographer who was co-founder (together with M.H. Laddé, who was his son-in-law) of the Eerst Nederlandsch Atelier tot het vervaardigen van Films voor de Bioscoop en Cinematograaf M.H. Laddé & J.W. Merkelbach, the first Dutch film studio. In 1896 he co-directed the first Dutch fictional film Gestoorde hengelaar and later he co-directed the 1900 film Solser en Hesse.
# WODB

WODB may refer to:
* WODB-LP, a low-power radio station (90.9 FM) licensed to serve Caguas, Puerto Rico
* WNNP, a radio station (104.3 FM) licensed to serve Richwood, Ohio, United States, which held the call sign WODB from 2009 to 2010
# Verhagen

Verhagen is a Dutch-language toponymic surname. It is a contraction of Van der Hagen, meaning "from/of the haag. A haag was a bushland, hedged lot, or (private) hunting ground. The name could also specifically refer to an origin in The Hague (since 1242 known as De Hage and variant spellings). Some variant spellings of the name are Verhaagen, Verhaegen, Verhaeghe, Verhaeghen, Verhage, and Verhaghen. People with the name include:
* Ben Verhagen (1926–2020), Dutch competitive sailor
* Britta Verhagen [de; ru], pseudonym of Alberta Rommel (1912–2001), German music educator and writer
* Darrin Verhagen (born 1967), Australian electronic music composer
* David A. Verhaagen (born 1964), American psychologist and writer
* Drew VerHagen (born 1990), American baseball pitcher
* Eduard Verhagen (born 1962), Dutch pediatrician and lawyer
* Eric Verhagen (born 1964), Dutch sidecarcross passenger
* Hans Verhagen (1939–2020), Dutch journalist, poet, painter and filmmaker
* Herna Verhagen (born 1966), Dutch businesswoman
* Jean Verhagen (1923–1977), American actress known as Jean Hagen
* Maxime Verhagen (born 1956), Dutch politician and government minister
* Neil Verhagen (born 2001), American racing driver
* Pieter-Jozef Verhaghen (1728–1811), Flemish painter (also spelled "Verhagen")
* Sanne Verhagen (born 1992), Dutch judoka
* Steven Verhagen (usually "van der Hagen"; 1563–1621), Dutch sailor, first admiral of the Dutch East India Company
* Thijs Verhagen [ca; fr; nl] (born 1981), Dutch racing cyclist
# José Antonio Pecharromán

José Antonio Pecharromán Fabián (born 16 June 1978 in Cáceres) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer. Professional from 2000 to 2007, he notably won the Volta a Catalunya and the Euskal Bizikleta in 2003.

## Major results
### 1999

    1st Stage 3a Vuelta a Alava
    National Under-23 Road Championships
       3rd Time trial
       9th Road race

### 2003

    1st Overall Volta a Catalunya
       1st Stage 6
    1st Overall Euskal Bizikleta
       1st Stages 2, 3 & 4b (ITT)

### 2005

    2nd Trofeo Calvià
    6th Overall Tour of Belgium

### 2006

    5th Subida Urkiola

### 2007

    8th Overall Volta a Portugal
# Journal of Generic Medicines

The Journal of Generic Medicines is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal covering marketing, patent law, and regulatory issues relevant for generic drugs. The editor-in-chief is Brian Tempest (Hale & Tempest Co). It was established in 2001 and is published by SAGE Publications.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* EBSCO databases
* Embase/Excerpta Medica
* ProQuest databases
* Scopus (2003–2015, 2017; discontinued))
# Chronicon novaliciense

The Chronicon Novaliciense (or Chronicle of Novalesa) is a monastic chronicle which was written in the mid-eleventh century in the valley of Susa.
The Chronicle of Novalesa was written, c.1050, by an anonymous monk at the monastery of San Pietro in Novalesa. The Chronicon was written in the form of a rotulus (or scroll) rather than a codex. The original, and sole extant copy, of the scroll is preserved in Turin (Archivio di Stato, Nuova collezione, "museo"). The scroll consists of twenty-eight pieces of parchment sewn together, of which fragments are now missing. The work is divided into five sections, plus an appendix; of which sections four and five are incomplete.
The Chronicon relates the story of monastery of Novalesa from its foundation, by the patrician Abbo in 726, up to the mid-eleventh century. Its main purpose was to emphasise the connection between the revived eleventh-century community at Novalesa and the earlier community of monks, who had been forced to abandon the monastery in 906 by incursions into the western Alps by Saracens (Muslims from Al-Andalus). When the monks finally returned to Novalesa, in the early eleventh century, they found that their monastery had lost its formerly important status in the region. The anonymous author of the Chronicon blamed Arduin Glaber of Turin for this. The Chronicon accuses Arduin Glaber of taking advantage of the monks’ absence to usurp their lands in the valley of Susa.
The text draws on both oral sources and written ones. In addition to charters (legal documents, recording grants of rights and/or authority), the anonymous author made use of narrative sources including Paul the Deacon's Historia Langobardorum, the Liber Pontificalis, and the Latin heroic epic Waltharius.
# Mawai, Ayodhya

Mawai is a town in Rudauli tehsil of Ayodhya district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is 58 km west of district headquarters Ayodhya city. Mawai is also a big market of Ayodhya.
Pin code of Mawai is 224117.

## Administration

There is Police station in Mawai town. Mawai is also a block in Ayodhya district for the development of the villages.
# Washington Cemetery

Washington Cemetery may refer to:
* Washington Cemetery (Brooklyn)
* Washington Cemetery (Washington Court House, Ohio)
# Nin-kalla

Nin-kalla was the wife or concubine of Shulgi, second king of the Third Dynasty of Ur. Her name is Sumerian and means precious sister. The name was very common making it often difficult to identify the queen in the ancient sources as there were also other high status women with that name. Nin-kalla is mainly known from economic texts showing that she was in charge of land and its staff. Other tasks and life events are less well known. Nin-kalla was most likely living in Nippur, while she traveled for religious festivals to Ur and Uruk too. From different texts it seems clear that she was running the palace at Nippur in the latter years of Shulgi's reign. This included the kitchen, but she was also in charge of female performers. Other sources indicate that she managed further substantial resources such as cattle and land. Nin-kalla survived King Shulgi and retired to Nippur where she was still in charge on estates, some of them heavily involved in wool production.
# Charlotte Helene von Schindel

Charlotte Helene von Schindel (1690–1752) was a Danish noble, a lady in waiting and a royal mistress of King Frederick IV of Denmark.

## Early life

Charlotte Helene von Schindel was born as daughter of Wiglas von Schindel and his wife, Anna Helen von Horn. Her family were once ruling Dukes of Bernstadt and belonged to German nobility, originally from Silesia. She became the lady in waiting of Elisabeth Helene von Vieregg, the morganatic spouse by bigamy of King Frederik IV.

## Frederick IV's mistress

After the death of Vieregg in 1704, Schindel became Frederick's lover and was given the title Countess of Frederiksholm, which was an acknowledgement of her status as an official royal mistress. In 1709, the monarch planned to marry her, but those plans were met with great opposition from the church who, when the King asked them if the law against bigamy should apply also to kings, assured him that it did. She had a daughter by him (1710), who died soon after. In 1709 and 1710, Frederick IV gave her the estates Bavelse and Næsbyholm.

## Later life

The relationship ended in 1711; Frederick entered into his relationship with Countess Anne Sophie von Reventlow and ordered Charlotte Helene von Schindel to leave court for her estate in Själland. She initially stopped at Fyn and claimed to be pregnant with Frederick's child, but the pregnancy turned out to be false. Charlotte Helene von Schindel hosted a vivid social life at her estate and entered into a relationship with the noble Ernst G. Bülow, with whom she had a child. The couple tried to conceal the birth, but when the monarch was informed, they were given permission to marry, and did so on 9 February 1716. The whole affair attracted attention and Frederick IV ordered the couple to leave Denmark. They settled in Holstein, where they lived until Bülow's death in 1721. Von Schindel then lived with her sister in Silesia and then in Berlin, before she settled in Flensburg in Denmark in 1750.
Her relative was the Silesian noblewoman Catherine von Schindel, Duchess of Bernstadt.