OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ear picking

Ear picking, also known as ear scooping (Chinese: simplified Chinese: 采耳; traditional Chinese: 採耳; pinyin: Cǎi ěr), is a type of traditional ear hygiene and leisure activity common in Asia. It involves the process of removing earwax using various tools. Ear picking service in China for leisure and pleasure dates back to Song dynasty (960-1279 CE).

## Varieties
### In China

The earliest records of ear-picking originated in the Han dynasty (202 BC-220 CE), and such leisure enjoyment was limited to the noble class until Tang dynasty (681-907 CE).
Ear-picking as a service originated in the Song dynasty (960-1279 CE) as part of the leisure options offered by tea house or public bathhouse. The Chinese-style ear-picking process involves specialized tools, massages, sound, and techniques that emphasize cleaning and stress relief. Aside from ear picks, ear-picking tools include cloud knives, ear spoons, ticklers made of goose feather, tuning forks, and peacock feathers for massages. The job requires extensive training in hand accuracy and steadiness.
Ear-picking service is especially common in Chengdu region, where services can be found in salons, public parks, roadsides, and tourist attractions. The Chengdu ear-picking custom was reportedly popularized during Ming dynasty (1368-1644 CE).

### In Japan

Ear picking, known as mimi souji (耳そうじ, 耳掃除) in Japan, is a traditional leisure and ear hygiene activity in the country.

### In Vietnam

Ear picking service in Vietnam is offered in barbershops along with massages. It’s commonly used by local people for ear cleaning, refreshment and stress relief.
# Vivian Polania

Heidi Vivian Polania Francois (commonly known as Vivian Polania; born 1987 or 1988) is a Colombian constitutional lawyer, municipal criminal judge, and social media influencer. Her use of Instagram has resulted in her being known as “Jueza hot” (English: "the hot judge"). She has attracted criticism for her social media activities and for appearing online in court smoking a cigarette, and wearing only underwear. She was warned for her behaviour in 2020, and suspended in 2022 until 2023.

## Education

Polania is a graduate of the Catholic University of Colombia and specialised in constitutional law at Del Rosario University. In November 2022, she was studying for a master's degree in human rights.

## Career

After graduation, Polania worked as a lawyer at the Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia, before working at the Sectional Council of the Judiciary in Bogotá, and later at the 24th municipal criminal court. In 2018, she relocated to Cucuta to become the municipality's first criminal judge.
Aside from her legal work, Polania markets clothing sold by US-companies via her Instagram account, which had 283,000 followers in November 2022. Polania's Instagram content includes photos of her exercise routines and her wearing lingerie. In 2020, Polania received a judicial warning about her decorum. Polania has also been the subject of complaints about her 37 tattoos. In an interview with the Argentinian newspaper, La Nacion she quoted the Colombian Constitution of 1991 pointing out the right to freedom of expression and that her personal life and work life are separate.
In 2020, a solicitor reported Polania to Colombia’s National Commission of Judicial Ethics after she appeared in online court wearing only underwear and smoking a cigarette. In November 2022, the commission suspended her until February 2023.

## Personal life

Polania was aged 34 in 2022.
# Eric Gardow

Eric Gardow (エリック・ガードー, Erikku Gado) was the former Head coach of the Chiba Jets in the Japanese Bj League.

## Head coaching record

| Team | Year | G | W | L | W–L% | Finish | PG | PW | PL | PW–L% | Result |
| Chiba Jets | 2011-12 | 52 | 18 | 34 | .346 | 9th in Eastern | - | - | - | – | - |
# Luca Spinola (1489–1579)

Luca Spinola (Genoa, 1489 - Genoa, 1579) was the 57th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.

## Biography

Luca Spinola was elected to the dogal title on 4 January 1551, the twelfth in biennial succession and the fifty-seventh in republican history, a position he held until 4 January 1553. Among his undertakings and actions in his mandate, in addition to having hired troops of mercenaries from all over Italy for the defense and security of the Republic, there was the purchase for 5,000 Genoese pounds of the "hovels" of the ancient quarters of Maddalena, San Francesco di Castelletto and Fontane Marose and then resold them to the wealthiest noble families of the time that sumptuous residential buildings will build there. In addition, during its two - year period, construction work began on the Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta, Genoa, work by Galeazzo Alessi.
At the end of the dogate he held the position of perpetual prosecutor of the Republic and worked in other state duties, between these two embassies in Rome and France. In 1566 he was injured surviving an assassination attempt, commissioned by Giovanni Stefano Lercari, son of the future doge Giovanni Battista Lercari, that by mistake or exchange of person killed the ex doge Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti.
Upon his death in Genoa in 1579, by his express desire he was buried in the sepulcher of the Spinola family at the Benedictine church of Santa Caterina, in the altar dedicated to San Benedetto.
# Mena Media Consulting

Mena Media Consulting or simply Mena Media is a Moroccan public relations firm owned by King of Morocco Mohammed VI's friend and influential advisor Fouad Ali El Himma.
The company was founded by Saudi businessman Othman Al Omeir in late 2004. It was later cited as belonging to El Himma. Between 2008 and 2016, Othman El Ferdaous worked in the company as "director in charge of mission".
According to local activists, Mena Media consulting was involved in Moroccan social media surveillance, and went from "the simple aggregation of public information" to "listing and profiling of activists writing on blogs and social media platforms".

## Work

* It held contracts with the Moroccan ministry of the Interior for the surveillance of social media platforms.
* It held contracts with the ONEE (Moroccan national office for electricity) for the promotion of its image.
# Loders (disambiguation)

Loders is a village in Dorset, England. Loders may also refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Loders Creek, river in Queensland

### England

* Loders and Bothenhampton Liberty, historical administrative area in Dorset
* Loders Priory, historical religious house in Dorset
# Whitbybird

Whitbybird was a privately owned structural engineering consultancy, founded in 1984 by Mark Whitby and Bryn Bird. It was initially named Whitby and Bird, then Whitby Bird & Partners and finally Whitbybird. The practice was joined in 1984 by Mike Crane and shortly afterward Tony Greatorex who were to form the core partnership until they incorporated in October 2000. In 2005 they had 300 staff members, six offices in the UK and one in Dubai.
In 2004 they won 30 awards from the Royal Institute of British Architects (including London Building of the Year), the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, the Royal Fine Art Commission, the Civic Trust, the British Council for Offices, and others. In 2006 it won a Queen's Award for Enterprise for innovation.
The practice merged with the Nordic consultancy Ramboll (an engineering, design and consultancy company founded in Denmark in 1945) in August 2007 becoming Ramboll Whitbybird. In 2008 they were ranked 26th in The Sunday Times 100 Best Companies to Work For.
In 2009 the practice was re-branded Ramboll UK. Mark Whitby and Mike Crane are no longer in their old positions as chairman and chief executive.
# List of number-one albums of 2011 (Canada)

These are the Canadian number-one albums of 2011. The chart is compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and published by Jam! Canoe, issued every Sunday. The chart also appears in Billboard magazine as Top Canadian Albums.
Key :
| † | Indicates best-performing album of 2011 |
| Issue date | Album | Artist |
| January 1 | The Gift | Susan Boyle |
| January 8 | Loud | Rihanna |
| January 15 | Loud | Rihanna |
| January 22 | Loud | Rihanna |
| January 29 | Loud | Rihanna |
| February 5 | Doo-Wops & Hooligans | Bruno Mars |
| February 12 | 2011 Grammy Nominees | Various Artists |
| February 19 | Doo-Wops & Hooligans | Bruno Mars |
| February 26 | Now! 17 | Various Artists |
| March 5 | Never Say Never: The Remixes | Justin Bieber |
| March 12 | 21 † | Adele |
| March 19 | 21 † | Adele |
| March 26 | 21 † | Adele |
| April 2 | Endgame | Rise Against |
| April 9 | La Musique en Moi | Ginette Reno |
| April 16 | Femme Fatale | Britney Spears |
| April 23 | 21 † | Adele |
| April 30 | Wasting Light | Foo Fighters |
| May 7 | 21 † | Adele |
| May 14 | 21 † | Adele |
| May 21 | 21 † | Adele |
| May 28 | 21 † | Adele |
| June 4 | 21 † | Adele |
| June 11 | Born This Way | Lady Gaga |
| June 18 | Born This Way | Lady Gaga |
| June 25 | Little Hell | City and Colour |
| July 2 | Hell: The Sequel | Bad Meets Evil |
| July 9 | 21 † | Adele |
| July 16 | 21 † | Adele |
| July 23 | 21 † | Adele |
| July 31 | 21 † | Adele |
| August 6 | 21 † | Adele |
| August 13 | 21 † | Adele |
| August 20 | 21 † | Adele |
| August 27 | Watch the Throne | Jay-Z, Kanye West |
| September 3 | Watch the Throne | Jay-Z, Kanye West |
| September 10 | 21 † | Adele |
| September 17 | Tha Carter IV | Lil Wayne |
| September 24 | 21 † | Adele |
| October 1 | Own the Night | Lady Antebellum |
| October 8 | 21 † | Adele |
| October 15 | 21 † | Adele |
| October 22 | 21 † | Adele |
| October 29 | 21 † | Adele |
| November 5 | 21 † | Adele |
| November 12 | Mylo Xyloto | Coldplay |
| November 19 | Under the Mistletoe | Justin Bieber |
| November 26 | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| December 3 | Take Care | Drake |
| December 10 | Here and Now | Nickelback |
| December 17 | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| December 24 | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
| December 31 | Christmas | Michael Bublé |
# Wimborne St Giles Hundred

50°55′05″N 1°57′04″W﻿ / ﻿50.918°N 1.951°W﻿ / 50.918; -1.951 Wimborne St Giles Hundred was a hundred in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:
* Wimborne All Saints (absorbed by Wimborne St Giles 1732)
* Wimborne St Giles
* West Woodyates (created 1858)
# Oosterleek

Oosterleek is a village in the municipality of Drechterland, in the Dutch province North Holland. The village used to belong to the municipalities Venhuizen (1970–2006) and Wijdenes (pre-1970).
Oosterleek was first noted on a map in 1311 as Oesterleke, in which oester means "eastern" and leke means "stream". This name was supposedly a reference to the fact that the village was located to the east of a stream. During the 17th century, it was a fishing village which was home to a population of about 500 people.
Nowadays, a small bit of Oosterleek lays in the Markermeer, because the levee was moved westwards to guarantee full safety. It is said that this part included a church. The current church was built in 1694. The church was decommissioned in 1972, and is nowadays used for weddings, expositions and concerts. It is also home to local library.

## Gallery

* Wooden farm
* Church of Oosterleek
# Mena de Babia

Mena de Babia (Astur-Leonese: Mena) is a hamlet located in the municipality of Cabrillanes, in León province, Castile and León, Spain. As of 2020, it has a population of 36.

## Geography

Mena de Babia is located 86km northwest of León, Spain.
# Walk Away (Alanis Morissette song)

"Walk Away" is a pop-dance and freestyle song co-written by Alanis Morissette, Leslie Howe, Louise Reny and Frank Levin, and produced by Howe for Morissette's debut album, Alanis (1991). Its protagonist sends a warning to her boyfriend who "never think[s] twice before [he] break all the rules", telling him "I'll walk away and say good bye if you don't want me anymore ... if I don't get the love we had before". It was released to radio and television as the album's second single in 1991 (see 1991 in music), but it was not given a commercial release. The promotional single for the song includes a only. The song charted at number 35 in Canada. It was also featured in the film Problem Child 2.
"Walk Away" was one of the demo recordings Leslie Howe and Morissette created with keyboardist Serge Côté in the studio, after Howe and her entertainment manager Stephan Klovan had decided to try to secure a record contract for her.

## Music video

Howe and Klovan funded an expensive promotional video for the song that was filmed in Paris, France; it featured Morissette playing in a fountain near the Eiffel Tower. In 1988 Howe sent the video to Alexander, who was impressed by it and subsequently helped secure publishing and record deals for Morissette.
The single's video (1991) features Matt LeBlanc as Morissette's boyfriend who arrives late for a date with her, and it includes scenes in which Morissette dances.

## Personnel

* Produced, engineered and mixed by Leslie Howe for Ghetto Records
* Keyboards by Serge Côté
* Drum programming, guitar and additional keyboards by Leslie "Bud" Howe
* All vocals by Alanis Morissette
* Recorded at Distortion Studios in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
# Didipio mine

Didipio mine is a large open-pit and underground gold and copper mine located at Kasibu, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. The mine is operated by the OceanaGold.

## History

The mine was permitted to operate for 25 years under a Financial or Technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA) with the government in June 1994. The permit was controversially renewed on 2019 for another 25 years, the operation was halted for two years after disputes with the local government but later resumed its operation in July 2021.

## Operation

Didipio mine is operated by OceanaGold Philippines Inc., a subsidiary of OceanaGold. The mine is both an open-pit mine and an underground mine. In 2023, the mine produces 14,200 metric tons (31,300,000 lb) of copper and 138,500 ounces (3,930 kg) of gold.

## Criticism

Various indigenous (Bugkalot, Tuwali), environmentalist and religious (CBCP) groups has demanded to cancel the mining permit of the mine due to environmental concern and alleged human rights issues.
In 2007 and 2008, the mine was ordered closed by then-governor Luisa Cuaresma, leading to charges being filed against her and other officials of the Nueva Vizcaya provincial government. In 2019, the mine's operation was again halted by governor Carlos Padilla even after the approval of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
In July 2021, the Legal Rights and Natural Resources Center (LRC) and other environmentalist groups denounced the renewal of the mine's operations citing that "[it] flies in the face of the will of the local government and groups of Tuwali indigenous people.” and adding that it disrupts agricultural livelihoods, and contributing to the air and water pollution to area.
# Tuma-La Dalia

Tuma-La Dalia is a municipality in the Matagalpa Department of Nicaragua. The municipal seat is the town of La Dalia. The municipality takes its name from its two main towns: El Tuma and La Dalia. It is located 175 kilometers from the capital, Managua, and 45 kilometers from the city of Matagalpa, the departmental capital of the same name.

## Geography

The municipal area is bordered to the north by the municipalities of Jinotega and El Cuá, to the south by the municipalities of Matiguás and San Ramón, to the east by the municipality of Rancho Grande, and to the west by the municipality of Matagalpa. The region is predominantly characterized by rugged and mountainous terrain with remnants of pine and cloud forests due to the elevations of the Darien and Isabelia mountain ranges. It has a small amount of flat land, followed by fewer hills, indicating a variety of land types. It is estimated that 40% of the terrain is flat and 60% is rugged.

## History

The municipality dates back to the early 1920s when a budding road connected the town of "El Tuma" with the city of Matagalpa. At that time, the town consisted of a scattered hamlet. With the introduction of coffee cultivation, the population concentration in the territory increased, many families from Matagalpa migrated to the town, starting coffee plantations which flourished around that time. In the 1960s, several families settled in the emerging town of "La Dalia," which was a crossroads between Wasaka and the "La Dalia" estate. With the country's political administrative division, approved on August 17, 1989, it was elevated to a municipality, named El Tuma - La Dalia.

## Demographics

El Tuma - La Dalia has a current population of 79,740 inhabitants. Of the total population, 49.8% are men and 50.2% are women. Nearly 16.9% of the population lives in the urban area.

## Nature and Climate

The municipality has a subtropical forest climate, semi-humid, corresponding to the semi-wet tropical climate, with precipitation between 2000 and 2500 mm. The temperature ranges from 22 to 24 °C.
The degree of soil slopes ranges from strongly undulating, moderately steep, steep, very steep, mountainous to cliff, that is, from 8% to more than 75% slope. Forest production use predominates with 62%, followed by forest protection use with 17%, and agroforestry use with 14%, while agricultural and agro-industrial use only cover 6% of the municipality's surface area.

## Localities

The urban center is divided into three neighborhoods; whereas, the rural area has 26 districts: Peñas Blancas, Bijao Arriba, Bull Bull Arriba, Bull Bull Abajo, Wasaka Arriba, Wasaka Abajo, El Pavón, El Castillo, La Tronca, Yale, El Granadillo, El Coyolar, El Tigre, Piedra Luna, Aguas Amarillas, Quililito, Quililon, El Guapotal, Yayule, Yasica Norte y Cuatro Esquinas, Wassaka Central, Wassaka Southeast.

## Economy

The main economic activity of Tuma-La Dalia is agriculture, particularly in coffee. Its major attractions are:
* San Martín Hydroelectric Plant
* Tuma River
* "El Edén" Waterfall
* Agroecological coffee farms where one can observe the primary processes for coffee cultivation.
# Elmer N. Schmuck

Elmer Nicholas Schmuck (July 27, 1882 - April 28, 1936) was the third bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Wyoming.

## Biography

Schmuck was born on July 27, 1882, in Peoria, Illinois, son of George Schmuck and Rosa Bertha Schuette. Following education at Seabury-Western Theological Seminary, he married Katherine Currie in 1905. He was ordained deacon on May 28, 1905, and priest on September 19, 1906, by Bishop Samuel Cook Edsall of Minnesota.
He was rector of St Paul's Church in Owatonna, Minnesota from 1906 to 1911, and rector of St John's Church in Linden Hills, Minneapolis from 1911 to 1923. After two years as rector of St Mark's Church in Denver, Colorado, he was elected Missionary Bishop of Wyoming on October 2, 1929. He was consecrated bishop on December 13, 1929, in the Chapel of the Mediator in Philadelphia by Presiding Bishop Charles P. Anderson. He was the only bishop consecrated by Presiding Bishop Anderson during his short primacy. Schmuck was awarded a Doctor of Divinity from Seabury in 1927. He died in office on April 28, 1936, and was buried in the cathedral close.
# Depends on What You Mean by Love

...Depends On What You Mean By Love is an EP by The Blackeyed Susans, released in late 1991.

## Track listing

* "Ocean of You" (David McComb) – 3:33
* "Close Watch" (John Cale) – 2:59
* "Will’s Blues" (Will Akers) – 3:22
* "Spanish is the Loving Tongue" (Traditional) – 2:59

## Personnel

* Rob Snarski – vocals
* Kenny Davis Junior – keyboards, piano accordion, samples
* David McComb – keyboards, bass, electric and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
* Joanne Alach – backing vocals
# On Broadway Volume 1

On Broadway Volume 1 is the second album by Paul Motian to be released on the German JMT label. It was released in 1989 and features performances of Broadway show tunes by Motian with guitarist Bill Frisell and tenor saxophonist Joe Lovano. The album was followed by four subsequent volumes, and it was rereleased on the Winter & Winter label in 2003.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4½ stars, stating, "The quartet of tenorman Joe Lovano, guitarist Bill Frisell, bassist Charlie Haden and drummer Paul Motian digs into nine show tunes from the 1930s and 40s, reinventing them in colorful fashion. The key to the rewarding project is Frisell, whose versatility and wide range of highly original sounds make the overall results sound quite unique. Among the highlights of the memorable set are unusual versions of "Liza," "They Didn't Believe Me" and "Last Night When We Were Young.".
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

* "Liza (All the Clouds'll Roll Away)" (Gershwin, Gershwin, Kahn) - 4:31
* "Over the Rainbow" (Arlen, Harburg) - 3:14
* "They Didn't Believe Me" (Kern, Reynolds, Rourke) - 4:20
* "What Is This Thing Called Love?" (Porter) - 4:55
* "My Heart Belongs to Daddy" (Porter) - 4:54
* "Last Night When We Were Young" (Arlen, Harburg) - 5:20
* "I Concentrate on You" (Porter) - 3:14
* "Someone to Watch Over Me" (Gershwin, Gershwin) - 9:20
* "So in Love" (Porter) - 4:05
   * Recorded November 1988 at RPM Studios, NYC

## Personnel

* Joe Lovano – tenor saxophone
* Bill Frisell – electric guitar
* Charlie Haden – bass
* Paul Motian – drums
# Dalton Bell

Dalton Bell (born March 9, 1983) is a former American football quarterback.. He was signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He was later signed by the Seattle Seahawks. He signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders in 2008 and was traded to the Toronto Argonauts in 2010. He played college football at West Texas A&M. Bell was also a member of the Green Bay Packers and Seattle Seahawks.

## Early years

Bell attended Canyon High School in Canyon, Texas and was a student and a letterman in football and track. In football, he was named the Canyon H.S. Offensive M.V.P. and was an All-District Honorable Mention selection.

## College career

Bell played in 40 games at West Texas A&M, with 21 starts. He guided the Buffaloes to back-to-back Lone Star Conference championships and a 20-4 record in two seasons as the team's starting quarterback. He threw for 7,841 yards and 63 touchdowns during his career at West Texas A&M, connecting on 699 of 1044 passes (66.9%).
As a senior, he completed 386 of 583 passes for 3,998 yards and 32 touchdowns. As a junior, he passed for 3,799 yards and 30 touchdowns, completing 311 of 454 passes, and threw for more than 400 yards in 4 of the 11 games he started. As a sophomore, he completed just 1 of 5 passes for 8 yards, but ran for a 54-yard touchdown against Texas A&M-Kingsville.

## Professional career
### Carolina Panthers

Bell signed with the Carolina Panthers in 2007 as a rookie free agent was released on team's final roster cuts.

### Green Bay Packers

Bell signed with the Green Bay Packers in 2007 spent time on the practice squad.

### Seattle Seahawks

Bell signed with the Seattle Seahawks in 2008 and spent most of the time on the practice squad. He was released and subsequently signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the CFL.

### Saskatchewan Roughriders

Bell signed a practice roster agreement with the Saskatchewan Roughriders on October 8, 2008 and spent the rest of the season as the fourth string quarterback. After former starter Michael Bishop was released, Bell was promoted to third-string quarterback for the 2009 season but did not see any touches that season.

### Toronto Argonauts

On March 9, 2010 (his birthday), it was announced that Bell had been traded to the Toronto Argonauts for a 5th round pick in the 2010 CFL Draft. He got his first career professional start against his former team, the Roughriders, on Oct 2, 2010, a 27-16 loss. He entered free agency on February 15, 2012.
# Equal representation

Equal representation can refer to several topics in democracies:
* Representation (politics), the methods by which people are represented
* Apportionment (politics), the way that representatives are assigned to voting groups, with equal representation meaning that all groups are fairly represented
* One man, one vote, the principle that each vote must have equal value