OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Congregation Beth Yeshurun (Houston)

Congregation Beth Yeshurun is a Conservative synagogue at 4525 Beechnut Street, Houston, Texas, in the United States.
Founded in 1891 as Adath Yeshurun, it merged in Congregation Beth El in 1946, taking its current name. In 2002 Beth Yeshurun absorbed the membership of Shearith Israel of nearby Wharton, Texas.
It includes the Beth Yeshurun Day School (BYDS).

## History

Beth Yeshurun was formed as a merger of the Adath Yeshurun and Beth El congregations.

### Adath Yeshurun

Congregation Adath Yeshurun was founded in 1887 as an Orthodox alternative to Temple Beth Israel which in 1874 had moved from Orthodox to Reform.$^{:21}$ It was a Russian-Polish congregation. After a period during which the congregation met for prayers in private homes, a wood-framed, former church was purchased at the corner of Walker Ave. and Jackson street.$^{:22}$ Adath Yeshurun merged into Congregation Adath Yeshurun in 1891. Growth of the congregation, especially an influx of members who moved to Houston at the turn of the twentieth century; the congregation dedicated a large, new synagogue at the corner of Preston and Hamilton in 1908.$^{:22}$

### Congregation Beth El

Congregation Beth El was founded in 1924. It was the first Conservative synagogue founded in Houston. In 1925 it occupied the former Temple Beth Israel building.

## Current synagogue

The original building was established in 1945 in the Third Ward area and in proximity to the University of Houston.
Beth Yeshurun moved from its building at 3501 Southmore Avenue to its present location at 4525 Beechnut Street in 1962. From 1998 to 2004, the synagogue undertook a major renovation and more than 30,000 square feet of building were added. The synagogue's foyer has a memorial to the Jews murdered in the Holocaust. A 26-foot-long (7.9 m) ark with a Burning Bush-motifed stained-glass background serves as the focus of the synagogue's sanctuary. The synagogue includes a social hall. The walls of the social hall are decorated with needlepoint recreations of Reuven Rubin's series of biblical lithographs. Beth Yeshurun houses the Louis and Mollie Kaplan Museum of Judaica, which includes ritual objects and books.

## Beth Yeshurun Day School

Beth Yeshurun Day School was the first Jewish Day School in Texas, founded in 1949 under the leadership of Rabbi William S. Malev, the rabbi of the congregation at that time.
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas, as of 2022, more students attended Beth Yeshurun Day School than previously. An organization called Prizmah stated in a 2021 report that families with a preference for education in a school setting during a pandemic, as opposed to via the internet, often preferred schools that continued offering such.

## Gallery

* Contemporary synagogue external architecture by Levin/Brown
* Interior of sanctuary.
* Sanctuary elements include stained glass windows, Ark, and ner tamid (eternal flame), by David Ascalon
# Walter Cramer

Wilhelm Bernardo Walter Cramer (1 May 1886 – 14 November 1944) was a German businessman from Leipzig and a member of the failed 20 July Plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler at the Wolf's Lair in East Prussia.

## Life

In 1919, Cramer became managing director of the Kammgarnspinnerei Gautzsch AG, a worsted yarn spinning mill. From 1923, he was on the board of directors of the Leipziger Kammgarnspinnerei Stöhr & Co. AG, another corporation in the same industry. In the first half of the 1940s, Cramer took part in civilian resistance against the Nazi régime with Leipzig's former mayor Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (1884-1945). After the attempt on the Führer's life failed on 20 July 1944, Cramer was seized on 22 July, and later found guilty at the Volksgerichtshof of treason and high treason, for which he was sentenced to death. He was hanged at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin on 14 November 1944.

## Honours

In 1945, a street in the Gohlis neighbourhood of Leipzig was named Walter-Cramer-Straße after him. The City of Leipzig also honoured Walter Cramer with a monument in the Johannapark in 1996.
# Conomitra (gastropod)

Conomitra is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutomitridae.

## Species

Species within the genus Conomitra include:
* † Conomitra alabaster (G. B. Sowerby III, 1900)
* † Conomitra anderidensis Périer, 1941
* † Conomitra angystoma (Deshayes, 1865)
* † Conomitra antarctolirata Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992
* † Conomitra antigua Doncieux, 1908
* † Conomitra apalachee J. A. Gardner, 1937
* † Conomitra artata Lozouet, 1999
* Conomitra biokoensis S.-I Huang & M.-H. Lin, 2023
* Conomitra boyeri R. Salisbury & Gori, 2019
* † Conomitra cancellina (Lamarck, 1803)
* † Conomitra capitolina Squires & Goedert, 1996
* Conomitra carribeana Weinsbord, 1929
* † Conomitra eurycolpa Cossmann, 1907
* † Conomitra flexuosa Lozouet, 1999
* Conomitra floris S.-I Huang & M.-H. Lin, 2023
* † Conomitra fusellina (Lamarck, 1803)
* † Conomitra fusoides (I. Lea, 1833)
* † Conomitra godini (Cossmann, 1892)
* † Conomitra graniformis (Lamarck, 1803)
* † Conomitra hammakeri (G. D. Harris, 1894)
* † Conomitra hordeola (Deshayes, 1865)
* † Conomitra hortiensis Lozouet, 1999
* † Conomitra inaspecta (Deshayes, 1865)
* † Conomitra jacksonensis W. Cooke, 1926
* † Conomitra karamanensis Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & C. M. Silva, 2013
* † Conomitra lavelana F. Hodson, 1931 †
* † Conomitra lehneri Jung, 1971
* Conomitra leonardhilli Petuch, 1987
* Conomitra lindae Petuch, 1987
* † Conomitra marginata (Lamarck, 1803)
* † Conomitra mixta (Lamarck, 1803)
* † Conomitra nincki Cossmann, 1913
* † Conomitra peyreirensis Peyrot, 1928
* Conomitra picturata S.-I Huang & M.-H. Lin, 2023
* † Conomitra polita Vaughan, 1896
* † Conomitra praepinguis Lozouet, 1999
* † Conomitra primornata Lozouet, 1999
* † Conomitra prisca (Deshayes, 1865)
* † Conomitra ruellensis (Gougerot, 1968)
* † Conomitra sheldonae H. I. Tucker & D. Wilson, 1933
* Conomitra sibuyanensis (G. B. Sowerby III, 1914)
* † Conomitra strombodiformis Darragh, 2017
* † Conomitra subpontis (G. D. Harris, 1896)
* † Conomitra tetraptycta (Cossmann, 1885)
* † Conomitra texana (G. D. Harris, 1895)
* † Conomitra traceyi G. D. Harris, 1899
* † Conomitra vandervlerki K. Martin, 1931
* † Conomitra vernoniana Hickman, 1980
* † Conomitra vincentiana (Cossmann, 1881)
* † Conomitra vouastensis Périer, 1941
* † Conomitra washingtoniana (Weaver, 1912)
* † Conomitra wateleti (Briart & Cornet, 1870)
* † Conomitra weeksi F. Hodson, 1931

### Species brought into synonymy

* Conomitra blakeana Dall, 1889: synonym of Microvoluta blakeana (Dall, 1889)
* † Conomitra cernohorskyi Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992: synonym of † Volutomitra cernohorskyi (Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992)
* Conomitra intermedia Dall, 1890: synonym of Microvoluta intermedia (Dall, 1890)
* † Conomitra iredalei Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992: synonym of † Volutomitra iredalei (Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992)
* † Conomitra othoniana Finlay, 1924: synonym of † Volutomitra othoniana (Finlay, 1924)
# Turki railway station

Turki railway station is a railway station on the Muzaffarpur–Hajipur section in East Central Railway under Sonpur railway division of Indian Railways. The railway station is situated beside National Highway 22, Block Road at Turki in Muzaffarpur district of the Indian state of Bihar.
# Arty (magazine)

Arty is an independent British art fanzine started by the artist Cathy Lomax in 2001. Lomax is also the editor. Arty is for art fans written by artists themselves and published by Transition Gallery's editions department, the artist-run space in East London.

## History

Arty was founded in 2001 in London by Cathy Lomax. It is published twice a year and sold across the UK, including the Tate Modern, Tate Britain and ICA in London.
Frustrated by opportunities for emerging artists to voice their opinions and concerns and inspired by zine culture, artist Cathy Lomax started Arty as an antidote to dry, critic led writing about art. The first 20 issues were photocopied and stapled and featured eclectic artist led content including reviews of contemporary art and numerous exclusive drawings from over 30 prominent and emerging artists from around the world. Themes of past issues have included Entertainment, Boys, Girls, Books, Nature, Alphabet, Scandal, Our Idols, Labels and Reviews London.
From issue 21 the size of the magazine has increased and each issue includes a featured colour. Recent contributors have been Jessica Voorsanger, Sarah Doyle, Rachel Cattle and Gavin Toye.
Arty has featured British artist Stella Vine's drawings and art since 2003. In November 2002, Vine also contributed a drawing on an envelope, Untitled (2002), to the compilation book Arty Greatest Hits In Winter 2003, Vine contributed a drawing to Arty's issue number 13, in which artists were given a letter of the alphabet and asked to make a drawing related to their given letter. Vine's drawing was E is for Eggs, depicting the artist Sarah Lucas with fried eggs on her T-shirt. Vine contributed a drawing Joe eating hash cakes (2004) to Arty 16: Boys
In 2008, Vine was one of 20 artists invited to create a tarot card for Entertainment, the 24th issue of Arty. Vine contributed an acrylic painting on paper called The Tower for her tarot card.
Arty 25: Fame was published in March 2009. It features Jessica Voorsanger, Harry Pye, Gavin Toye, Sarah Doyle, Kim L Pace, Cathy Lomax, Grace Morgan and Carolina Casis.
In 2002, Arty was described by journalist Dave Calhoun in Dazed & Confused magazine as "a fanzine written by artists about art—of all shapes and sizes."
Arty participated in the first Publish and Be Damned fair in London in 2004 and has taken part in all the subsequent PABDs
Althea Greenan, Senior Librarian of Goldsmiths College, London described Arty as "low budget" but "confident" and "sharply relevant". Contributors have included: Jasper Joffe, Stella Vine, Cathie Pilkington, Harry Pye, Cathy Lomax and Jessica Voorsanger.

## Collection

A book chronicling the early history of the magazine, Arty Greatest Hits, was published in 2004. The book compiled the best articles and drawings from the first 16 issues, as well as including new work made especially on the theme of Greatest Hits. Articles included reviews of Tracey Emin's exhibition at White Cube gallery, and thoughts on artist duo Gilbert and George. Stella Vine contributed a drawing Joe eating hash cakes (2004) to Arty Greatest Hits
# Continental IO-370

The Continental IO-370 engine is a family of fuel injected four-cylinder, horizontally opposed, air-cooled aircraft engines that were developed for use in light aircraft by Continental Aerospace Technologies. There is no carbureted version of this engine, which would have been designation O-370, therefore the base model is the IO-370.

## Variants
### IO-370-CL

    Dynafocal engine mount version. 195 hp (145 kW) at 2700 rpm, dry weight 295 lb (133.81 kg). Certified 11 October 2018.

### IO-370-CM

    Conical engine mount version. 195 hp (145 kW) at 2700 rpm, dry weight 295 lb (133.81 kg). Certified 11 October 2018.

### IO-370-DA3A

    Dynafocal engine mount version. 180 hp (134 kW) at 2700 rpm, dry weight 292.5 lb (132.68 kg). Not certified.

## Specifications (IO-370-DA3A)

Data from Continental Certified Engine Series

### General characteristics

* Type: 4-cylinder air-cooled horizontally opposed aircraft piston engine
* Bore: 5.125 in (130.175 mm)
* Stroke: 4.5 in (114.3 mm)
* Displacement: 371 in³ (6.1 L)
* Length: 33.02 in (838.708 mm)
* Width: 33.41 in (848.614 mm)
* Height: 23.45 in (595.63 mm)
* Dry weight: 292.5 lb dry (132.67 kg)

### Components

* Valvetrain: Roller Lifter
* Fuel system: CMC fuel injection
* Fuel type: 100/100LL avgas
* Cooling system: Air-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 180 hp (134.2 kW) at 2,700 rpm
* Specific power: 0.485 hp/in³ (22 kW/L)
* Compression ratio: 8.1:1
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.615 hp/lb (1.01 kW/kg)
# Walter of Château-Thierry

Walter of Château-Thierry (died 1249) was a French theologian and scholastic philosopher. He became Bishop of Paris in the final year of his life.
He wrote on the various meanings of conscience. He was Chancellor of the University of Paris from 1246, and wrote critically of lazy students and money-minded teachers. His question on the office of preaching discusses the suitability of women, laymen, heretics, mendicants and sinners for preaching.
# Walter Gramatté

Walter Gramatté (8 January 1897 in Berlin – 9 February 1929 in Hamburg) was a German expressionist painter who specialized in magic realism. He worked in Berlin, Hamburg, Hiddensee and Barcelona. He often painted with a mystical view of nature. Many of his works were inspired by his experiences in the First World War and his illness.

## Biography

His father was a baker. He enlisted at the beginning of the war, but his poor health often exempted him from combat duty. His studies were mostly at the Kunstgewerbeschule (Arts and Crafts school) in Berlin. He opened his own studio in 1917.
In 1920, he married the Russian pianist, Sonia Fridman and became associated with Die Brücke, a group of Expressionist artists.
Despite his weak health, he travelled extensively, visiting France, Italy and Spain. He spent a great deal of time at the spa in Hiddensee and was hospitalized on several occasions, dying on 9 February 1929 of intestinal tuberculosis. His grave monument was designed by his friend, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff.
His works were classified as "Degenerate art" by the Nazi government in 1933 and were not exhibited again until after the war. He was the inspiration for the painter "Catell", a character in the novel Die Stadt hinter dem Strom by Hermann Kasack.

## Appreciation

His wife, Sonia, married again, to the art historian, Ferdinand Eckhardt (1902-1995), and lived in Canada as a renowned musician and composer. To remember her and her former husband, the Eckhardt-Gramatté Foundation was established in Winnipeg, Canada.
Walter Gramatté's personal papers are preserved in the German National Museum. A special exhibition of his paintings, titled Rediscovered: Walter Gramatté 1897-1929, took place in Hamburg's Ernst Barlach Haus from 26 October 2008 to 1 February 2009. This exhibition was organized by the Kirchner Museum in Davos, Switzerland and the Ernst Barlach Haus.

## Selected paintings

* The Drinker
* Self-portrait with Red Moon
* Portrait of Rosa Schapire
* Dreaming Boy
Gramatté's work is displayed in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum (German National Museum) and the Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin.

## Literature

* Claus Pese: Mehr als nur Kunst. Das Archiv für Bildende Kunst im Germanischen Nationalmuseum, Ostfildern-Ruit 1998 (Kulturgeschichtliche Spaziergänge im Germanischen Nationalmuseum, Bd.2), S.74-77.
# Walter Grant Morden

Lieutenant Colonel Walter Grant Morden (20 July 1880 – 25 June 1932) was a Canadian-born British Unionist party politician and businessman, who served as Member of Parliament for Brentford and Chiswick from 14 December 1918 - 27 October 1931.

## Early life

Morden was born on the 20 July 1880 in Prince Edward County, Ontario, the son of Capt W. H. Morden, of Great Lakes shipping, and Sarah Anne Morden. Morden was educated at Toronto Collegiate Institute and Upper Canada College, followed by the University of Toronto, Harvard University, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he studied law.

## Career

During the First World War, he served as a Lieutenant Colonel with the Canadian Expeditionary Force, serving on the Canadian Remount Committee, and as honorary colonel of the 6th Royal Canadian Hussars.
Morden's first business interest was a furniture factory in Farnham, Quebec. He later became involved with finance, moving to England to set up an office in London. Morden built up a large business empire, becoming involved with over 35 companies in the UK, and many others in Canada. Morden was director of the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company, the Mexican Mahogany and Rubber Corporation, the New Orleans and Grand Isle Railway Light and Power Co and Pacific Coast Coal Mines, and vice-president of Canada Securities Corporation, Montreal. He co-founded Canada Steamship Lines in 1913, through the merger of 11 smaller companies. He also co-founded the British Commonwealth Union in 1916. Together with Trevor Dawson, managing director of the armaments giant Vickers and a colleague involved with the British Commonwealth Union, Morden was criticised for speculating on the shares of British Celanese, seeking tax breaks and a monopoly over the manufacture of acetate, for the company using undue influence over Reginald McKenna, the Chancellor of the Exchequer and Sam Hughes, the Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence.
Morden was elected MP for Brentford and Chiswick in the 1918 General Election, and was re-elected four times. He stood down at the October 1931 General Election, having been declared bankrupt in April that year. His financial difficulties towards the end of his life were attributed to the decline in share prices during the Great Depression.

## Personal life

Morden married Doris Henshaw, the daughter of Julia Wilmotte Henshaw, in Vancouver in 1909, and they had one son and three daughters. The family lived in Heatherden Hall in Buckinghamshire. The negotiations for the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty took place there while Morden was an MP.
Morden died of heart disease on 25 June 1932, aged 51. Heatherden Hall was purchased by Pinewood Studios shortly after his death.
# Edward Despenser

Edward Despenser may refer to:
* Edward Despenser (died 1342) (1310–1342)
* Edward Despenser, 1st Baron Despenser (1336–1375), his son
# North American Indian Women's Association

The North American Indian Women's Association (NAIWA) is a non-profit educational and service association, which seeks to promote intertribal communications, betterment of home, family life and community, betterment of health and education, awareness of Indian cultures, and fellowship among North American Indian people. NAIWA was founded in the summer of 1970 and was the first national Native American women's group. Marie Cox (Comanche), from Midwest City, Oklahoma, served as founding president at the inaugural meeting, which was held in Fort Collins, Colorado. During the 1970s adoption reform was one of its greatest concerns. Cox's presidency was followed by Agnes Dill of the Isleta Pueblo in New Mexico in 1973, who was in turn succeeded by Mary Jane Fate (Koyukon Athabaskan) from Fairbanks, Alaska, in 1975. Only women from federally recognized Indian tribes can be members.
The association named Muriel Hazel Wright the outstanding Indian woman of the 20th century in 1971.
# North Korea at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships

In 1991 Kim Gwang-suk won the first medal, a gold on uneven bars, for North Korea at the World Championships. However, her win became controversial when it was discovered that North Korean officials had falsified her birth year as it was listed as 15 for three years in a row. Although the International Gymnastics Federation punished the North Korean gymnastics federation by barring their women's team from competing at the 1993 World Championships, they did allow Kim to keep her medal. North Korea faced further age-falsification controversy when it was discovered that 2007 World silver medalist Hong Su-jong had listed three different birth years (1989, 1985 and 1986) between 2003 and 2010.
Pae Gil-su became the first North Korean man to win a World Championships medal, winning gold on pommel horse in 1992.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Year | Event |
| Gold | Kim Gwang-suk | 1991 Indianapolis | Women's uneven bars |
| Gold | Pae Gil-su | 1992 Paris | Men's pommel horse |
| Gold | Pae Gil-su | 1993 Birmingham | Men's pommel horse |
| Gold | Pae Gil-su | 1996 San Juan | Men's pommel horse |
| Bronze | Pae Gil-su | 1997 Lausanne | Men's pommel horse |
| Silver | Kang Yun-mi | 2003 Anaheim | Women's vault |
| Silver | Hong Su-jong | 2007 Stuttgart | Women's vault |
| Bronze | Ri Se-gwang | 2007 Stuttgart | Men's vault |
| Bronze | Hong Un-jong | 2013 Antwerp | Women's vault |
| Gold | Hong Un-jong | 2014 Nanning | Women's vault |
| Gold | Ri Se-gwang | 2014 Nanning | Men's vault |
| Silver | Hong Un-jong | 2015 Glasgow | Women's vault |
| Gold | Ri Se-gwang | 2015 Glasgow | Men's vault |
| Gold | Ri Se-gwang | 2018 Doha | Men's vault |

## Medal tables
### By gender

| Gender | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Men | 6 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
| Women | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
# Edward Griffith

Edward Griffith may refer to:
* Edward Griffith (zoologist) (1790–1858), British naturalist and solicitor
* Edward O. Griffith, British sculptor
* Edward H. Griffith (1894–1975), American film director, screenwriter and producer
* Edward Griffith (MP), member of parliament for Caernarfon
* Teddy Griffith (born 1936), West Indian cricketer
* Edward Griffith (American politician), American New York State Assembly member
# Edward Griffiths (cricketer)

Edward Griffiths (17 March 1862 – 20 April 1893) was an English cricketer. He played for Gloucestershire between 1885 and 1889.
# Edward Harris (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral The Honourable Sir Edward Alfred John Harris KCB (20 May 1808 – 17 July 1888) was a British naval commander, diplomat and politician.

## Background

Harris was the second son of James Harris, 2nd Earl of Malmesbury, by Harriet Susan, daughter of Francis Bateman Dashwood. James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury, was his elder brother.

## Career

Harris was an admiral in the Royal Navy. He also sat as Member of Parliament for Christchurch between 1844 and 1852 and served as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation between 1858 and 1867 and as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Netherlands between 1867 and 1877. He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1863 and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1872. He was also a deputy lieutenant for Hampshire.

## Family

Harris married Emma, the daughter of Captain Samuel Chambers and Susan Mathilda Wylly, in 1841. They had several children, including Edward Harris, 4th Earl of Malmesbury. He died in July 1888, aged 80. Lady Harris died in July 1896.
# The Dark Side of the Sun (disambiguation)

The Dark Side of the Sun is a novel by Terry Pratchett.
The Dark Side of the Sun may also refer to:
* The Dark Side of the Sun (film), a 1988 Yugoslavian film starring Brad Pitt
* The Dark Side of the Sun (TV serial), a BBC television serial
* The Dark Side of the Sun (1983 book), a novelization by Hugh Miller and Michael J. Bird of the above BBC TV serial.
* "The Dark Side of the Sun" (Space: Above and Beyond episode), an episode from the science fiction TV show Space: Above and Beyond
* "Darkside of the Sun", a song by Tokio Hotel, from the 2009 album Humanoid
# Chuchow

Chuchow and Chu'chow were postal romanizations of the names of three Chinese cities:
* Quzhou, a city in western Zhejiang province
* Zhuzhou, a city in Hunan province
* Chuzhou, a city in eastern Anhui province
# Tode

Tode may refer to:

## People

* Arne Tode (born 1985), German motorcycle racer
* Hans-Jürgen Tode (born 1957), East German sprint canoer

## Other uses

* Tōde, an Okinawan martial art
* Tode Station, a train station in Fukuyama, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan
* Tropospheric ozone depletion events (TODE)
# Nic & the Family

Nic & the Family is a Swedish pop group formed in 2004 in Helsingborg. They are best known for their hit song Hej Hej Monika, from their only album Hej Hej Skiva.

## Discography
### Album

| Year | Title | SWE |
| 2004 | Hej Hej Skiva | 37 |

### Singles

| Year | Title | SWE |
| 2004 | Hej Hej Monika | 1 |
| 2004 | Hej, det är Nic... klick | 42 |
| 2004 | Jag är kärleken | — |