OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Columba of Terryglass

Columba of Terryglass (Colum) (died 13 December 552) was the son of Ninnidh, a descendant of Crinthainn, King of Leinster. Columba was a disciple of St. Finnian of Clonard. He was one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland.

## Life

In his youth, he learned his psalms and hymns from an old holy man named Colman Cule, who lived near Clonenagh, and founded the church of Cluain Cain. Afterwards, he studied with Finnian of Clonard. Columba resolved to go to Rome and bring back some relics of Saints Peter and Paul. On his return, he visited Tours and brought from there the staff of St. Martin of Tours. He also visited England and preached with some success to the Anglo-Saxons. Returning home, he remained a year at Clonenagh before crossing Slieve Bloom and founding a church near Lough Derg.
John Healy reports that around 520 Columba was prompted by an angel to relocate to Inis Cealtra, where he remained a long time. According to one story, when one of his monks died suddenly on the shore opposite the northern part of the island, Columba ordered the monks to go and say to the dead man, "Columba bids thee arise." The man then arose and returned with them to the island. Columba founded the celebrated monastery of Tirdaglas (Tir-da-glasí), or Terryglass in 548. Fintan of Clonenagh received his religious formation at Terryglass and was deeply influenced by the penitential practices and the severity of the Rule.
When Saint Finnian was in extremis, suffering from the plague, he sent for Columba to administer Holy Viaticum. Columba himself died of the plague on 13 December 552, and was buried within the precincts of his monastery at Terryglass. A holy well, named after Columba, is located in the village of Terryglass and is alleged to cure headaches and migraines.
Some fifteen other saints of Ireland, bearing the name Columba, are mentioned in the Martyrology of Gorman.
# One Temporary Escape

One Temporary Escape is a live video album from New Zealand post-punk revival band The Naked and Famous, recorded on 21 April 2012 at The Warfield in San Francisco, California. It was directed by Jordan Blady, produced by Aaron Short, Jordan Blady and Thom Powers, and executive produced by The Naked and Famous. The video was released on 18 March 2013 as a free download, to thank fans for their support.

## Premise

The video was created following a constant two-year tour for Passive Me, Aggressive You. Thom Powers, guitarist and vocalist for the ensemble, stated that because large outdoor performances and television concerts often end up on the internet, the best thing to do was to record their own live album and provide it to fans to show gratitude, stating that One Temporary Escape is likely the best presentation of the band's live performance.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Thom Powers, Aaron Short and Alisa Xayalith

## Personnel

* Aaron Short — keyboard
* Alisa Xayalith — lead vocals, keyboard
* David Beadle — bass
* Jesse Wood — drums
* Thom Powers — vocals, guitar

## Trivia

On April 21, 2012 (when One Temporary Escape was recorded), Now, Now and The Vacationers performed as opening acts for The Naked and Famous.
# Dorcadion beckeri

Dorcadion beckeri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Kraatz in 1873.

## Subspecies

* Dorcadion beckeri beckeri Kraatz, 1873
* Dorcadion beckeri koenigi Jakovlev, 1897
# McCrystal

McCrystal is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cal McCrystal (journalist), British journalist
* Eamonn McCrystal (tenor), Northern Irish Singer
* Cal McCrystal (director), British theatre director, son of the above
* Damien McCrystal, British journalist, son of the journalist Cal McCrystal
* Eve McCrystal, Irish cyclist
* Kevin McCrystal, Gaelic football manager
# Locked On

Locked On may refer to:
* Locked On Podcast Network, also known as Locked On Sports, an American sports podcast circle
* Locked On Records, a music recording sales company
* Locked On (novel), a novel by Tom Clancy and Mark Greaney
* "Locked On", a song by Jerry Cantrell from Degradation Trip Vol 1 & 2
# Conflict resolution (disambiguation)

Conflict resolution is the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of social conflict.
Conflict Resolution may also refer to:
* Conflict Resolution (album), a 2008 album by the Passive Aggressives
* "Conflict Resolution" (The Office), an episode of The Office
* Conflict resolution, dealing with multiple editors simultaneously changing the same source document in Revision control
# Pacayas

Pacayas is a district of the Alvarado canton, in the Cartago province of Costa Rica.

## Geography

Pacayas has an area of 29.68 km² and an elevation of 1,735 metres.

## Demographics

For the 2011 census, Pacayas had a population of 5,628 inhabitants.

## Transportation
### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:
* National Route 219
* National Route 230
* National Route 402
* National Route 417

## Economy

It is the home of the cooperative Coopebaires R. L., the main wholesale distributor of potatoes, carrots, broccoli and other fresh vegetables in the north region of Cartago Province.
# The Day a Pig Fell into the Well

The Day a Pig Fell Into the Well (돼지가 우물에 빠진 날, Dwaejiga umul-e ppajin nal) is a 1996 South Korean drama film and the directorial debut of Hong Sang-soo. It stars Bang Eun-hee, Jo Eun-sook, Park Jin-song, Lee Eung-kyung and Kim Eui-sung. It was also the feature film debut of Song Kang-ho. The title derives from a 1954 book by John Cheever.
Hong earned the Best Director award at the Korean Blue Dragon Film Awards for his work as well as awards at Rotterdam and Vancouver.

## Synopsis

The plot focuses on the desires and lives of four characters in diverse circumstances: a poor novelist, a cheating wife, her germophobic husband, and a ticket girl.
# Colleen A. Kraft

Colleen A. Kraft (born Colleen Anne McGrath, March 4, 1960) is an American pediatrician specialized in community pediatrics, child advocacy, and healthcare financing.

## Early life and education

In 1965, Kraft graduated in the first class of the Head Start program. She completed a bachelor's degree at Virginia Tech. Kraft earned a M.D. at the VCU School of Medicine. She completed a pediatric residency at VCU. She completed a M.B.A. at the University of Cincinnati.

## Career

Kraft worked in community pediatrics in Richmond, Virginia. In 2009, became the founding pediatric program director at the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute. From 2014 to 2017, she was head of the pediatric accountable care program at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. From 2016 to 2017, Kraft served as the medical director of a health network and pediatric health initiative at the Children's Hospital Medical Center.
Kraft was president of the Virginia chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) from 2006 to 2008. She was president of the AAP for a one-year term starting January 1, 2018. As president, she advocated for humane treatment of children at the Mexico–United States border and elaborated on the harm of the zero tolerance of the Trump administration family separation policy.

### Research

Kraft was principal investigator for the Children's Hospital Association's Health Care Innovation Award. Her clinical focuses includes community pediatrics, child advocacy, health care financing, and pediatric education. Her research interests include early brain and childhood development and children with special healthcare needs.

## Awards and honors

Kraft is a fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics.

## Personal life

In April 1981 in Montgomery County, Virginia, she married Kenneth Allen Kraft (born 1956). They became the parents of three children.

## Selected works

* Donoghue, Elaine A.; Kraft, Colleen A., eds. (2009). Managing Chronic Health Needs in Child Care and Schools: A Quick Reference Guide. American Academy of Pediatrics. ISBN 978-1-58110-299-4. OCLC 730049329. quick reference guide pdf's at aap.org; description of 2018 pbk 2nd edition at aap.org 2018 pbk edition. American Academy of Pediatrics. August 2018. ISBN 978-1-61002-175-3.
# Comaphorus

Comaphorus is a dubious extinct genus of glyptodont. It lived during the Late Miocene in Argentina, but only one fossil has ever been referred to the animal.

## Description

This genus is only known from only a single dorsal carapace osteoderm that has since been lost. Like all glyptodonts, it probably had a large dorsal carapace made of fused osteoderms. Ameghino diagnosed the taxon based on very general characteristics, such as the dorsal surface being raised in the center, bearing twenty perforations lost in the thickness of the osteoderm that didn’t lead to similar perforations present on the internal surface. These characters are very vague and due to the holotype being missing, the taxon is still a nomen dubium. Based on its phylogenetic position in Doedicurinae, Comaphorus likely was one of the larger known glyptodonts with a robust, fused tail sheath.

## History and classification

Comaphorus concisus was first described in 1886 by Florentino Ameghino, based on a single dorsal carapace osteoderm that had been collected from the Upper Miocene strata of the Ituzaingo Formation in Entre Rios Province, Argentina. Ameghino believed that the genus was closely related to the Pleistocene genus Doedicurus and Plaxhaplous, two genera that have since been classified in the tribe Doedicurini along with Eleutherocercus. However, the type osteoderm has since been lost and the diagnostic features used by Ameghino have been observed in several other glyptodonts and are not specific, making this taxon a nomen dubium. Despite this, the osteoderm’s features still indicate that it was a close relative of Doedicurus and other doedicurines.
# Olympus PEN E-PL2

The Olympus PEN E-PL2, was announced in early January 2011 at the CES. This is Olympus Corporation's fourth camera that uses the Micro Four Thirds mount after the Olympus PEN E-P1, Olympus PEN E-P2 and Olympus PEN E-PL1. At the time it was announced, it had a US dollar MSRP of $599.99. As with earlier PEN models, the E-PL2 is aimed in between the point-and-shoot (compact camera) and D-SLR markets.
Noteworthy changes from the Olympus PEN E-PL1 model include:
* Arguably slightly improved in-body Image Stabilisation (IS) at 4EV equivalent.
* Bulb (long exposure) with cable-release option (RM-UC1 remote cable) up to 30m
* 3" LCD higher resolution 460,000 pixel screen
* 1/4000s shutter speed

## Micro Four Thirds Camera introduction roadmap

| Item | Model | Sensor | Electronic View Finder (EVF) | Announced |
| 1 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effective) | EVF; 1.4x magnification; 1.44M dots | 2008, October |
| 2 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH1 | 4:3; 3:2; 16:9 (multi-aspect); 14.0 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2009, April |
| 3 | Olympus PEN E-P1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | optional hotshoe optical VF-1; 65 degree AOV | 2009, July |
| 4 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF LVF1; 1.04x mag; 202K dots | 2009, September |
| 5 | Olympus PEN E-P2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2009, November |
| 6 | Olympus PEN E-PL1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, February |
| 7 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G10 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.04x magnification; 202K dots | 2010, March |
| 8 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, March |
| 9 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GH2 | 4:3; 3:2; 16:9 (multi-aspect); 18.3 mp (16.0 mp effect) | EVF; 1.42x mag; 1.53M dots | 2010, September |
| 10 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF; 1.04x mag; 202K dots | 2010, November |
| 11 | Olympus PEN E-PL1s | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2010, November |
| 12 | Olympus PEN E-PL2 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, January |
| 13 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-G3 | 4:3 / 16.6 mp (15.8 mp effect) | EVF; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, May |
| 14 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.1 mp effect) | N/A | 2011, June |
| 15 | Olympus PEN E-P3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
| 16 | Olympus PEN E-PL3 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
| 17 | Olympus PEN E-PM1 | 4:3 / 13.1 mp (12.3 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF VF-2; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, June |
| 18 | Panasonic Lumix DMC-GX1 | 4:3 / 16.6 mp (16.0 mp effect) | opt hotshoe EVF LVF2; 1.4x mag; 1.44M dots | 2011, November |
| 19 | Olympus OM-D E-M5 | 4:3 / 16.9 mp (16.1 mp effect) | EVF; 1.15x mag; 1.44M dots | 2012, February |
# Dougie Lawrence

Douglas Rosyth Lawrence (20 October 1929 — 8 July 2000) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and administrator.
Lawrence was born in October 1929 at Portobello, Midlothian. He was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh. A club cricketer for both Royal High School Former Pupils and Grange Cricket Club's, Lawrence made his debut for Scotland in first-class cricket against Yorkshire at Hull during Scotland's 1956 tour of England. He played first-class cricket for Scotland until 1958, making seven appearances. Playing as a right-arm fast-medium bowler, he took 12 wickets at an average of 40.91, with best figures of 4 for 56. As a tailend batsman, he scored 32 runs with a highest score of 10. Lawrence had his best seasons in club cricket as a bowler following his 40th birthday, where he replaced speed with the ability to swing the ball.
He later succeeded Neil Bowman as the president of the Scottish Cricket Union in 1990. He was additionally the president of the East of Scotland Cricket Association. Outside of cricket, he was an engineer by profession. Lawrence died at Edinburgh in July 2000.
# Cycas cantafolia

Cycas cantafolia is a species of cycad endemic to peninsular Malaysia. It is only found in a chain of low-elevation hills west of the southern tip of the Gunung Ledang massif (Mount Ophir) in Johor.
# Elizabeth Berkeley, Countess Berkeley

Elizabeth Berkeley, Countess Berkeley (c.1720 – 29 June 1792), formerly Elizabeth Drax, was a British court official, the wife of Augustus Berkeley, 4th Earl of Berkeley.
She was the daughter of Henry Drax and his wife, the former Elizabeth Ernle.
She married the earl on 7 May 1744. Their children were:
* Frederick Augustus Berkeley, 5th Earl of Berkeley (1745-1810)
* Lady Georgiana Augusta Berkeley (1749-1820), who married George Forbes, 5th Earl of Granard, and had children
* Lady Elizabeth Berkeley (1750-1828), a writer, whose first husband was William Craven, 6th Baron Craven, from whom she became estranged in 1780. Following his death, she married her lover, Charles Alexander, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach.
* Admiral Hon. Sir George Cranfield Berkeley (1753-1818), who married Emilia Charlotte Lennox and had children
From 1745 to 1772, she held the position of Lady of the Bedchamber to the Princess of Wales (The Dowager Princess of Wales from 1751), Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. Following the earl's death in 1755, the countess remarried. Her second husband was Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent, whom she married on 2 January 1757. They had two children:
* Mary Elizabeth Nugent, 1st Baroness Nugent (1758-1812), who married George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham, and had children
* Lady Louisa Nugent (1758-1841), who married Admiral Sir Eliab Harvey and had children
The countess had her portrait painted in 1759 by Sir Joshua Reynolds. Following her death, she was buried with her first husband in Berkeley, Gloucestershire.
# List of recipients of aid from Gerrit Smith

Gerrit Smith (March 6, 1797 – December 28, 1874), was an American social reformer, abolitionist, businessman, public intellectual, and philanthropist. He provided aid to a variety of people and organizations.

## People

* William G. Allen (c. 1820 – 1 May 1888)
* John Brown (abolitionist) (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859)
* Jefferson Davis (June 3, 1808 December 6, 1889)
* Frederick Douglass (c. February 1817 or February 1818 – February 20, 1895)
* The Secret Six, who funded John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
* Lysander Spooner (January 19, 1808 — May 14, 1887)

## Organizations

* American Colonization Society
* New England Emigrant Aid Company
* New York Central College
* The North Star (anti-slavery newspaper)
* Oneida Institute
* Oswego City Library
* Pearl incident
* Timbuctoo, New York

## Events

* John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry (October 16–18, 1859)
# Malnormal subgroup

In mathematics, in the field of group theory, a subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is termed malnormal if for any $x$ in $G$ but not in $H$, $H$ and $xHx^{-1}$ intersect only in the identity element.
Some facts about malnormality:
* An intersection of malnormal subgroups is malnormal.
* Malnormality is transitive, that is, a malnormal subgroup of a malnormal subgroup is malnormal.
* The trivial subgroup and the whole group are malnormal subgroups. A normal subgroup that is also malnormal must be one of these.
* Every malnormal subgroup is a special type of C-group called a trivial intersection subgroup or TI subgroup.
When G is finite, a malnormal subgroup H distinct from 1 and G is called a "Frobenius complement". The set N of elements of G which are, either equal to 1, or non-conjugate to any element of H, is a normal subgroup of G, called the "Frobenius kernel", and G is the semi-direct product of H and N (Frobenius' theorem).
# Treasury Note (disambiguation)

Treasury Note may refer to any of the following obligations of the United States or United Kingdom.
Most commonly it refers to the US Treasury note, debt obligations currently issued by the US Treasury which mature between one and ten years and pay coupons every six months.
It also refers to the following instruments which are no longer issued:
* Treasury Note (19th century), short term debt obligations that were neither legal tender nor representative money but sometimes functioned as paper money
* Treasury Note (1890–1891), known as coin notes, paper money issued under authority of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act and redeemable in silver or gold
* HM Treasury banknotes issued between 1914 and 1928 by the British Treasury
* United States Note, non-interest paying legal tender paper money issued without specific specie-backing
* Interest bearing note, a grouping of Civil War-era interest-paying short term debt obligations
* Compound interest treasury note, Civil War-era short term debt obligations that had legal tender status and paid compounded interest at the end of three years
# Diplotaxis gracilis

Diplotaxis gracilis is a species of wall rockets that belong to the family Brassicaceae. The species is endemic to Cape Verde and is listed as endangered by the IUCN. The plant was named by Otto Eugen Schulz in 1916. The local name of the plant is mostarda-brabo (wild mustard).

## Distribution and ecology

Diplotaxis gracilis is found only in the island of São Nicolau, between 600 and 1,200 meters elevation. It occurs on steep slopes in the Monte Gordo Natural Park.
# Omalonyx matheroni

Omalonyx matheroni is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Succineidae, the amber snails.

## Distribution

The distribution of Omalonyx matheroni includes the Lesser Antilles, West Indies in Dominica (where it is introduced - there are slight differences in mantle pattern, often a diagnostic feature in some succineids, compared to typical Omalonyx matheroni),Trinidad and South America.
# Doron

Doron may refer to:

## People
### Given name

* Doron Almog (born 1951), Israeli soldier
* Doron Ben-Ami (born 1965), Israeli archaeologist
* Doron Egozi (born 1980), Israeli Olympic sport shooter
* Doron Galezer (born 1952), Israeli journalist
* Doron Gazit (born 1953), Israeli environmental artist, activist and industrial designer
* Doron Gepner (born 1956), Israeli theoretical physicist
* Doron Jamchi (born 1961), Israeli former basketball player
* Doron Kliger, professor
* Doron Lamb (born 1991), American college basketball player
* Doron Matalon (born 1993), Miss Israel 2014
* Doron Perkins (born 1983), American professional basketball player
* Doron Shefa (born 1961), Israeli professional basketball player
* Doron Sheffer (born 1972), Israeli professional basketball player
* Doron Zeilberger (born 1950), Israeli mathematician

### Surname

* Dina Doron, Israeli actress
* Helen Doron (born 1955), British linguist
* Shay Doron (born 1985), Israeli-American professional basketball player

## Other uses

* Doron (Pliny), an ancient city located in Cilicia Trachea which was mentioned only by Pliny the Elder
* Doron Kabilio, a character in the Israeli television series Fauda
* Doron Plate, a type of body armor employed in World War II
# Feriola

Feriola is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Feriola angustifrons Shima, 1988
* Feriola insularis Richter, 1986
* Feriola longicornis Mesnil, 1957
# Elizabeth Deering Hanscom

Elizabeth Deering Hanscom (August 15, 1865 – February 2, 1960) was an American writer and college professor. In 1894, she was in the first group of seven women granted doctoral degrees at Yale University, and she taught English at Smith College from 1894 to 1932.

## Early life and education

Hanscom was born in Saco, Maine, the daughter of George A. Hanscom and Lizzie Deering Hanscom. Her father was a newspaper publisher. She graduated from Boston University in 1887. She completed a master's degree in English in 1892, and doctoral studies in 1894, at Yale University. She, Mary Augusta Scott, and Laura Johnson Wylie were the first cohort of women allowed to receive PhDs in English at Yale. Her dissertation was titled "(The) Domestic, Political, and Social Life of England During the Fourteenth Century, With Especial Reference to the Vision of Piers Plowman." At Yale she assisted Albert Stanburrough Cook in preparing A First Book in Old English: Grammar, Reader, Notes, and Vocabulary (1897).

## Career

Hanscom spent her academic career at Smith College, where she joined the faculty in 1894 and taught English until her retirement in 1932. She became a full professor in 1905, and held the Mary Augusta Jordan Chair in English. Journalist Nell Battle Lewis recalled Hanscom's course on Shakespeare as especially vivid and memorable.
Hanscom also taught at the summer teachers' institute and chautauqua at Fryeburg. She served on the board of directors of the Massachusetts Society for the Education of Women.

## Publications

* "The Allegory of de Lorris' Romance of the Rose" (1893)
* "The Argument of the Vision of Piers Plowman" (1894)
* The Second Part of Henry the Fourth
* "The Sonnet Forms of Wyatt and Surrey" (1901)
* "The Feeling for Nature in Old English Poetry" (1905)
* The Friendly Craft: A Collection of American Letters (1908)
* The Heart of the Puritan: Selections from Letters and Journals (1917)
* Sophia Smith and the Beginnings of Smith College (1925, with Helen French Greene)

## Personal life

Hanscom died in 1960, in Weymouth, Massachusetts, at the age of 94. There is a collection of her papers and belongings in Yale University Library. Yale offers an Elizabeth Deering Hanscom Fellowship in the Humanities. In 2016, a Brenda Zlamany portrait of the first seven women to receive Yale doctorates, including Hanscom, was placed in the Sterling Memorial Library at Yale.
# Dolichoderus inferus

Dolichoderus inferus is a species of ant in the genus Dolichoderus. Described by Shattuck and Marsden in 2013, the species is endemic to Australia, where it inhabits both wet and dry sclerophyll habitats and forages on low vegetation and trees.