OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cashflow matching

Cash flow matching is a process of hedging in which a company or other entity matches its cash outflows (i.e., financial obligations) with its cash inflows over a given time horizon. It is a subset of immunization strategies in finance. Cash flow matching is of particular importance to defined benefit pension plans.

## Solution with linear programming

It is possible to solve the simple cash flow matching problem using linear programming. Suppose that we have a choice of $j=1,...,n$ bonds with which to receive cash flows over $t=1,...,T$ time periods in order to cover liabilities $L_{1},...,L_{T}$ for each time period. The $j$th bond in time period $t$ is assumed to have known cash flows $F_{tj}$ and initial price $p_{j}$. It possible to buy $x_{j}$ bonds and to run a surplus $s_{t}$ in a given time period, both of which must be non-negative, and leads to the set of constraints:${\begin{aligned}\sum _{j=1}^{n}F_{1j}x_{j}-s_{1}&=L_{1}\\\sum _{j=1}^{n}F_{tj}x_{j}+s_{t-1}-s_{t}&=L_{t},\quad t=2,...,T\end{aligned}}$Our goal is to minimize the initial cost of purchasing bonds to meet the liabilities in each time period, given by $p^{T}x$. Together, these requirements give rise to the associated linear programming problem:$\min _{x,s}\;p^{T}x,\quad {\text{s.t.}}\;Fx+Rs=L,\;x,s\geq 0$where $F\in \mathbb {R} ^{T\times n}$ and $R\in \mathbb {R} ^{T\times T}$, with entries:$R_{t,t}=-1,\quad R_{t+1,t}=1$In the instance when fixed income instruments (not necessarily bonds) are used to provide the dedicated cash flows, it is unlikely to be the case that fractional components are available for purchase. Therefore, a more realistic approach to cash flow matching is to employ mixed-integer linear programming to select a discrete number of instruments with which to match liabilities.
# Miroslav Málek

Miroslav Málek (30 November 1915 – 30 November 1995) was a Czech gymnast. He competed in eight events at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Dominique Tricaud

Dominique Tricaud (born 1955 in Paris, France) is a lawyer whose fame in the United States derives from his being the defense attorney in Paris, France of Ira Einhorn, the famous environmentalist, convicted in absentia of murder. Tricaud claimed he had never lost an extradition case and that "the French will not send a man back to a barbaric country where he was tried without being present to defend himself". Tricaud eventually lost the case and Einhorn was convicted of the murder of his girlfriend, Holly Maddux, in the United States. The Einhorn case was the basis for the TV film The Hunt for the Unicorn Killer in 1999. Einhorn was convicted in the United States in 2001. He was also the advocate for Jean Germain, mayor of Tours, who died before standing trial.
More recently, Tricaud was again the defense attorney in a high-profile legal case in France as the lawyer for rapper Hamé of French rap group La Rumeur, who was accused of libeling the police. He also represented French politician Julien Dray, who was accused of corruption.
# Loughborough Students' Hockey Club

Loughborough Students' Hockey Club is the field hockey club of Loughborough University.

## Recent history

The men's 1st XI compete in the Men's England Hockey League and were winners of the BUCS championships for eight of the past thirteen years. They have also won the National Indoor Championships four times since 2003, as well as gold (2004) and bronze (2005) at the European Indoor Challenge, and were quarter-finalists in the Euro Hockey League in 2008. The other men's teams compete in the Midlands League.
The club currently run four teams and compete in the following competitions;
* 1st XI – Men's England Hockey League, BUCS Premier League, BUCS KO Championship
* 2nd XI – Midlands Premier League, BUCS National League, BUCS Trophy KO Cup
* 3rd XI – 1st XI Midlands Premier League, BUCS League Midlands 1A, BUCS Trophy KO Cup
* 4th XI – Central League – Midlands Premier Division, BUCS League Midlands 2A, BUCS Conference KO Cup
The Women's 1st XI team competes in the Premier league of the Women's England Hockey League, BUCS . The team has had great success in BUCS having previously won the Hockey Championship for eleven years straight up to 2008 and are current champions.
The women's club currently run five teams and compete in the following competitions;
* 1st XI - EH Premier League, BUCS Premier League, BUCS KO Championship
* 2nd XI - EH National League North, BUCS League National league, BUCS Trophy KO Cup
* 3rd XI - Midlands Division 1, BUCS League Midlands 2B, BUCS Conference KO Cup
* 4th XI - Leicestershire Women's League Premier Division, BUCS League Midlands 2B, BUCS Conference KO Cup
* 5th XI - Leicestershire Women's League Division 1, BUCS League Midlands 4B, BUCS Conference KO Cup

## Notable players
### Men's internationals
#### England

| Richard Alexander David Beckett Jon Bleby Paul Bolland Andy Bull Clyde Camburn | Nicholas Catlin David Condon Harry Gibson Mark Gleghorne Jerome Goudie Chris Griffiths | Adam Harper Michael Johnson Glenn Kirkham Jason Lee Iain Lewers Steve Long | Iain Mackay James Mazarelo Sean Rowlands Stuart Rushmere Ian Sloan Richard Smith | Samuel Ward Henry Weir David Whitaker Alastair Wilson Duncan Woods |

#### Ireland

| Timothy Cockram Fergus Gibson Mark Gleghorne Paul Gleghorne John Jackson | Iain Lewers Stuart Loughrey Ian Sloan David Smyth |

#### Scotland

* Alistair McGregor
* David Ralph
* Derek Salmond
* Mark Zander

#### Wales

* James Davies-Yandle
* Matt Grace
* Zak Jones

#### Canada

* Rob Smith

#### Switzerland

* Fabio Reinhard

#### Others

* Danny Kerry - England/Great Britain coach
Source:

### Women's internationals
#### England

| Giselle Ansley Jennie Bimson Catherine De Ledesma Fiona Greenham Sabbie Heesh Beckie Herbert | Maddie Hinch Katie Long Hannah Macleod Lizzie Neal Mary Nevill Charlotte Watson | Isabelle Petter Miriam Pritchard Ellie Rayer Laura Unsworth Nicola White Kerry Williams |

#### Wales

| Emma Batten Beth Bingham Hannah Cozens Sarah Jones | Megan Lewis-Williams Phoebe Richards Leah Wilkinson |

#### Scotland

* Robyn Collins

## Honours

* Men's National Cup
** Runners Up: 2004–05
# Edmund Fletcher

Edmund Fletcher was an Oxford college head in the 16th-century.
Fletcher was educated at Exeter College, Oxford; and was Rector of Exeter College, Oxford, from 1526 to 1529. He was also Chaplain to the University.
* History
* Education
* England
# Adhemarius tigrina

Adhemarius tigrina is a moth of the family Sphingidae.

## Distribution

It is found from Peru to Venezuela. It has also been recorded in Bolivia. Subspecies coronata is found in Colombia.

## Description

The length of the forewings is 57–63 mm.

## Biology

* The species probably broods continuously, with records indicating adults are on wing from March to July and again in October.
* The larvae of ssp. tigrina probably feed on Ocotea veraguensis, Ocotea atirrensis, Ocotea sarah and Ocotea dendrodaphne. The larvae of ssp. coronata probably feed on Ocotea veraguensis, Ocotea atirrensis and Ocotea dendrodaphne.

## Subspecies

* Adhemarius tigrina tigrina (Peru to Venezuela and Bolivia)
* Adhemarius tigrina coronata (Colombia)
# Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara

Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara is a research Station under the Central Zone of Kerala Agricultural University at Madakkathara in Thrissur district of Kerala, India. This research Station was established in 1973. It is one of the ten centres of All India Coordinated Research Project on Cashew (AICRP on Cashew).
The main function of the centre is research on cashew. Madakkathara, the location of this station, is in the central agro climatic zone of Kerala with lateritic (oxisol) soil. The station is situated at an altitude of 40 Metres above MSL.
This research station established the first ever cashew apple processing unit in India. The processing unit produces five commercial food products from cashew apple such as cashew apple syrup, cashew apple-mango mixed jam (Cashewman Jam), cashew apple candy, cashew apple pickle and cashew apple ready-to-serve. In 2009 a delegation from Senegal in West Africa is underwent training in cashew cultivation and cashew apple processing at the Cashew Research Station.
In 2013, field tests for organic substitutes for Endosulfan conducted at this research station, yielded positive results.

## Cashew cultivars released from this station

| Progeny | Cultivar | Remarks |
| BLA 39-4 | Madakkathara-1 | *** |
| NDR 2-1 | Madakkathara-2 | *** |
| BLA-139-1 x H 3-13 | Kanaka | *** |
| ALGD-1-1 x K 30-1 | Dhana | *** |
| BLA-139-1 x K 30-1 | Priyanka | *** |
# Violin Concerto in A major (Respighi)

The Violin Concerto in A major (in Italian: Concerto per Violino in La Maggiore), P. 49, is the first violin concerto by the Italian composer Ottorino Respighi, which he abandoned in 1903. In 2009, Salvatore Di Vittorio completed it.

## Instrumentation

The concerto is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in A, two bassoons, four horns in F, two trumpets in A, timpani and strings.

## Movements

The concerto is in three movements:
* Allegro energetico (A major)
* Molto lento — Agitato — Tranquillo (E major)
* Allegro rondo (A major)
The second movement is played attacca to the first.
Duration is approximately 21 minutes.

## History

The concerto was left unfinished by Respighi in 1903, probably due to his focus on other projects. The work pre-dates the composer's other completed violin concertos: Concerto all'antica in A minor (1908), Concerto gregoriano (1921), and the single movement Poema Autunnale (1925).
The work is mostly inspired by the violin concertos and other orchestral compositions of Johannes Brahms, Antonio Vivaldi, Felix Mendelssohn, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Max Bruch. The middle movement is inspired by the music of Claude Debussy. The influence of Respighi's teacher, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, is also apparent.
Respighi had completed the first two movements of the concerto, and left the introduction of a third movement in piano reduction, with only a few measures orchestrated. In 2007, Respighi's descendants in collaboration with Respighi archive curator/cataloguer Potito Pedarra invited composer/conductor Salvatore Di Vittorio to complete the concerto and edit other early Respighi works, for publication in Italy. Using the autograph manuscripts, Di Vittorio has edited the first two movements, orchestrated the extant (pianoforte) introduction of the third movement, and then completed the concerto following Respighi's vision using rondo form.
Respighi's first Violin Concerto in A major foreshadows his later violin concertos and other orchestral works, including Pines of Rome and Trittico Botticelliano.

## World premiere and recording

The concerto received its world premiere with the Chamber Orchestra of New York under conductor Salvatore Di Vittorio on February 13, 2010 at the Church of St. Jean Baptiste in New York. The concerto was recorded for Naxos Records (8.572332).

## Publisher

This work was published in 2009 by Edizioni Panastudio in Italy.
# Dino Santana

Ondino Sant'Anna (Niterói, August 9, 1940 — Rio de Janeiro City, December 26, 2010) known artistically as Dino Santana, was a Brazilian actor and brother of the famous comedian Dedé Santana. He is most known for his role of supporting character in the Brazilian comedic series Os Trapalhões and some of its films. He suffered from prostate cancer and died in 2010.

## Television

* 1965: Maloca e Bonitão (TV Tupi) - Bonitão
* 1974-1976: Os Trapalhões (TV Tupi)
* 1978-1993: Os Trapalhões (Rede Globo)
* 2004-2008: Dedé e o Comando Maluco (SBT) - Português

## Cinema

* 1969: Deu uma Louca no Cangaço
* 1969: 2000 Anos de Confusão - Bonitao
* 1970: A Ilha dos Paqueras - Commander Dino
* 1970: Se Meu Dólar Falasse
* 1972: Os Desempregados
* 1975: Zé Sexy...Louco, Muito Louco Por Mulher
* 1976: O Mulherengo
* 1979: O Rei e Os Trapalhões - Guarda Real
* 1979: O Cinderelo Trapalhão
* 1979: Eu Matei Lúcio Flávio
* 1983: Atrapalhando a Suate
* 1984: Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz (O Beato do deserto)
* 1984: A Filha dos Trapalhões - González
* 1986: Os Trapalhões e o Rei do Futebol - Reporter (uncredited)
* 1987: Os Fantasmas Trapalhões - (final film role)
# Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia

Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia (Indonesian Hindu Dharma Society) is a major reform movement and organization that assisted in the revival of Hinduism in Indonesia. It was started in 1959 by Ida Bagus Mantra and led by Gedong Bagus Oka.

## Creation

It lobbied for the rights of Hindus in Bali after Hinduism became a state sponsored religion (along with Buddhism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism) in 1959. From 1960–64 it was known as Parisada Hindu Dharma Bali. In 1964 however it began to stress a religious rather than regional character and changed its name to Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia

## Religious efforts

It sent out many Balinese missionaries to outlying areas like Medan.

## In politics

It is the highest religious body in Bali and is given an official sanction by the government to look into matters of Hindu law. The PHDI in this manner has become a rallying organization for the preservation of Hindu customs.
The PHD has contested Indonesia's demographic counts, saying that the 6,501,680 count (given by the government of Indonesia) grossly undercounts the Hindu population, stating that it is closer to 18 million.

## On law

The Parisada has lobbied for building restrictions near temples and places of worship in Bali.

## Major figures

* Gedong Bagus Oka – founder
* Ketut Wiana – Balinese religious figure
* Putu Alit Bagiasna - Balinese religion figure
* Putu Sukreta Suranta – Indonesian lieutenant general – former heads of PHDI
# Near Death (comics)

Near Death is an ongoing comic book series created by Jay Faerber with artist Simone Guglielmini. Image Comics began publishing it in September 2011. The series went on hiatus following the eleventh issue in September 2012. An original graphic novel is scheduled for release in early 2019.
The story follows a former hitman who attempts to atone for his misdeeds after a near death experience shows him a vision of Hell.

## Publication history

Faerber credits the work of Stephen J. Cannell as his inspiration for the series, along with a personal attraction to redemption stories. After creating the plot himself, Faerber recruited Italian artist Guglielmini by email. During publication, the two never met in person or spoke on the phone. Guglielmini drew inspiration from Criminal and Gotham Central.
The series was published monthly beginning in 2011. Most issues were self-contained instead of multi-part stories because Faerber wanted a creative challenge. Each issue contains some form of bonus material, such as an article on crime fiction or a second, shorter comic.
The series has been collected into two square-bound volumes. The first, released February 2012, reprints the first five issues and includes a script for the first issue. Volume two, released in October 2012, reprints #6–11 and is 136 pages.
The series was put on hiatus following its eleventh issue in 2012. At the time, Faerber expressed an interest in continuing the story as a series of one-shots. An original graphic novel, Over My Dead Body, was released in 2020.
There has been an effort to adapt the comic to television.

## Plot

Markham, a hitman, is shot during an attempted murder and briefly dies on the operating table. He has a vision of Hell where he is haunted by the ghosts of people he has killed. One tells Markham there is still time to make up for his actions. When he recovers, Markham begins to protect people who are in danger. He confesses that he is doing this selfishly, and does not care about the people he saves.
After his former coworkers learn of his new direction, they try to kill Markham and his girlfriend. To avoid more confrontations, Markham moves to Los Angeles. He eventually turns himself into the police and is sent to jail.

## Critical reception

Near Death was featured in an article in USA Today and reviews of the first issue were mostly positive. In a March 2012 interview, Image publisher Eric Stephenson expressed frustration the book was not selling better. The series continued to receive positive reviews through its final issue. Faerber said the most common complaint he received about the series was the stories feeling "too short."
# Olhopil

Olhopil may refer to:
* Olhopil, Vinnytsia Oblast, a village in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine
* Olhopil, Mykolaiv Oblast, a village in Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine
# Thymus vulgaris

Thymus vulgaris (common thyme, German thyme, garden thyme or just thyme) is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to southern Europe from the western Mediterranean to southern Italy. Growing to 15–30 cm (6–12 in) tall by 40 cm (16 in) wide, it is a bushy, woody-based evergreen subshrub with small, highly aromatic, grey-green leaves and clusters of purple or pink flowers in early summer.
It is useful in the garden as groundcover, where it can be short-lived, but is easily propagated from cuttings. It is also the main source of thyme as an ingredient in cooking and as a herbal medicine. It is slightly spicier than oregano and sweeter than sage.
The Latin specific epithet vulgaris means “common” in the sense of “widespread”.

## Cultivars

Numerous cultivars and hybrids have been developed for ornamental purposes. Nomenclature can be very confusing. French, German and English varieties vary by leaf shape and colour and essential oils. The many cultivars include 'Argenteus' (silver thyme).
The cultivar 'Silver Queen', with white-margined leaves, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Dorothy Goebel

Dorothy Goebel (24 August 1898 – 12 March 1976) was an American historian of the United States.

## Biography

Dorothy Burne Goebel was born in Huntington, New York, on 24 August 1898. She was a member of Phi Beta Kappa at Barnard College where she received her A.B. in 1920. Two years later she earned her M.A. from Columbia University and received her Ph.D. in 1926 from the same institution while serving as an assistant and lecturer at Barnard. That same year Goebel became an instructor at Hunter College in New York City. She was promoted to professor and served as chairman of the department from 1942 to 1948 and from 1961 to 1962, before retiring in 1963. Goebel died on 12 March 1976 in her home town.
By herself, Goebel published William Henry Harrison in 1926 and American Foreign Policy: The Documentary Record, 1776–1960 in 1961. She frequently collaborated with her husband, the legal historian Julius Goebel, Jr., assisting him with the research for his 1928 book, Some Legal and Political Aspects of the Manors of New York. Together they wrote Generals in the White House in 1945, giving an account of nine generals who went on to become U.S. Presidents. Goebel became associate editor of The Law Practice of Alexander Hamilton: Documents and Commentary in 1963, which was edited by her husband.
# Drums of the Desert

Drums of the Desert may refer to:
* Drums of the Desert (1927 film)
* Drums of the Desert (1940 film)
# Agrotera discinotata

Agrotera discinotata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Charles Swinhoe in 1894. It is found in India.
# Agrotera atalis

Agrotera atalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Viette in 1958. It is found in Madagascar.
# The Theory of Evolution

The Theory of Evolution is a book by English evolutionary biologist and geneticist John Maynard Smith, originally published in 1958 in time for 150th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin and the centenary of the publication of The Origin of Species the following year. It serves as a general introduction to the eponymous subject, intended to be accessible to those with little technical knowledge of the area. It has been highly successful, considered by many as the definitive publication of its type. The original version was updated several times, and a Canto edition, with a foreword by Richard Dawkins, and newly written introduction by the author, was published in 1996.
# Curtain Club

The Curtain Club is a performance group, a campus theatrical society and the oldest student organization of University of Texas at Austin. It produced many theatrical productions participated by eminent theater personalities. At various times included among its numbers Zachary Scott, John and Nellie Connelly, Rip Torn, Pat Hingle and Tommy Tun. Many Texas politicians, entertainers and public figures joined the club when they were UT students. The Curtain club had a profound impact on the foundation of the Department of Drama.

## Sources

* http://www.austinchronicle.com/arts/1998-04-17/523281/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20120123154057/http://www.finearts.utexas.edu/tad/about_us/history/curtain_club.cfm
* https://web.archive.org/web/20120509125839/http://bealonghorn.utexas.edu/whyut/student-life/orgs
* This University of Texas at Austin-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nevadella

Nevadella is an extinct genus of trilobites, fossil marine arthropods, with species of average size (about 5 centimetres or 2.0 inches long). It lived during the late Atdabanian stage, which lasted from 530 to 524 million years ago during the early part of the Cambrian Period.

## Etymology

The name is derived from Nevadia, a related genus.

## Taxonomy

Nevadia predates Nevadella and may include its direct ancestor.

### Species previously assigned to Nevadella

* N. burri = Pleisionevadella burri

## Description

The body of Nevadella is very flat dorso-ventrally. The general outline of its thin, lightly calcified exoskeleton is inverted drop-shaped. The front is rounded, widest at the back of the headshield (or cephalon), and tapering from there to an eventually rounded termination. The central area of the cephalon (or glabella) is distinctly tapered forward, sides slightly concave, but wedging out slightly in the frontal half and with a rounded front (like the silhouette of a slim pawn). The glabella and the frontal margin almost or entirely touch (in jargon: the preglabellar field is short or absent). Cephalic margin at least as wide as the most frontal thoracal segment. The thorax has 17 to 23 segments, gradually diminishing in size. The pleural spines are long and sickle-shaped. The tailshield (or pygidium) is very small and subquadrate in shape.

## Distribution

Fossils of Nevadella have been found in the late Atdabanian of the USA (California, Nevada) and Canada (Cordilleran region).
* N. eucharis is known from the Middle Member of the Poleta Formation, Esmeralda County, Nevada, USA.
* N. keelensis is known from the Sekwi Formation, Northwest Territories, Canada.
* N. mountjoyi is known from the Mural Formation, north slope of Mount Mumm, Alberta, Canada.
* N. perfecta is known from the Mahto Formation, Mumm Peak on the west side of Hitka Pass, western Alberta, Canada.

## Ecology

Contemporary taxa that also occur in the so-called "Nevadella" Zone include Esmeraldina, Holmiella, Palmettaspis, Bradyfallotaspis, Geraldinella, Paranevadella, Nevadia, Buenellus, and Cirquella.

## Habitat

Nevadella species were probably marine bottom dwellers, like all Olenellina.
# Drolma Kyi

Drolmakyi is a famous popular Tibetan singer. She was arrested on March 30, 2008 by the Chinese authorities, during the period of 2008 Tibetan unrest.
At the end of May, she was released after almost two months of detention on conditions of silence on her arrest and of not more to do representations during some times.
# Agonidium parvicolle

Agonidium parvicolle is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Platyninae. It was described by Basilewsky in 1958.
# Agonidium strenuum

Agonidium strenuum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Platyninae. It was described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1876.
# Agonidium obscurum

Agonidium obscurum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Platyninae. It was described by Maximilien Chaudoir in 1878.