OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mathias Dugstad

Mathias Gotskalksen Dugstad (20 January 1844 – 5 April 1929) was a Norwegian farmer and politician.
He was born in Voss as a son of farmer and politician Gotskalk Mathiassen Seim and Ingeborg Olsdatter née Fladekval. Both his father and paternal grandfather Mathias Gotskalksen Ringheim were members or deputies in Parliament. Mathias Dugstad took secondary education, but spent his career at the family farm Dugstad, being its owner from 1873 to 1906. He married Brita Nilsdatter Nesthus.
Dugstad was a member of Voss municipal council from 1876 to 1901 and served as mayor from 1878 to 1889. He was also director of the savings bank Voss Sparebank.
He was elected to the Parliament of Norway from Søndre Bergenhus amt in 1885, 1888, 1891 and 1894. He represented the Moderate Liberal Party and was a member of the Lagting during his last three terms. Lastly he served as a deputy representative during the term 1903–1906. He died in 1929.
# Ultraviolence

Ultraviolence or Ultra-violence may refer to:

## Music

* Ultraviolence (band) an industrial/techno band headed by Johnny Violent, AKA Jonathan Casey

### Albums

* Ultraviolence (album), a 2014 album by Lana Del Rey
* The Ultra-Violence, the 1987 debut album by thrash metal band Death Angel

### Songs

* "Ultraviolence" (song), a 2014 single by Lana Del Rey
* "Ultra-Violence", a song by Lower Class Brats from their 1998 album Rather Be Hated Than Ignored
* "Ultraviolence", a song by New Order from their 1983 album Power, Corruption & Lies
* "Ultraviolence/Screaming", a medley of songs by Scream from their 1983 album Still Screaming
* "Ultraviolence", a song by Heartsrevolution released in 2008
* "The Ultraviolence", a song by Joe Stump from his 1993 album Guitar Dominance!
* "Ultra-Violence", a song by Mickey Avalon from his upcoming 2020 album Speak of the Devil

## Entertainment

* Ultraviolence (film), a 2022 Colombian film directed by Marco Vélez Esquivia
* Ultraviolence, a hardcore wrestling style in Combat Zone Wrestling
* Ultra-violence, is the second hardest difficulty mode in the 1993 video game Doom, and the third hardest difficulty mode in the 2016 video game Doom
# Matthiola lunata

Matthiola lunata is a species of plant in the family Brassicaceae.

## Sources

This article incorporates text from a free content work. Licensed under CC0 (license statement/permission). Text taken from Matthiola lunata​. Encyclopedia of Life.
# Niederburg (disambiguation)

Niederburg may refer to:
* Niederburg, a municipality in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
* Niederburg, part of the old town of Konstanz, Germany
* Niederburg (boat, 1960), an old passenger ferry at Konstanz, Germany
Niederburg may also refer to the following castles in Germany:
* Niederburg, the German castle term for an outer ward that is lower than its associated inner ward
* Niederburg, Büren, a ruined castle in Büren, Westphalia
* Niederburg, Kobern, a ruined castle in Kobern, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Niederburg, Kranichfeld, a castle in Kranichfeld, Thuringia
* Niederburg Castle, a ruined castle in the municipality of Niederburg, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Niederburg, one of the two castles of Manderscheid
* Brömserburg (AKA Niederburg) in Rüdesheim am Rhein, Hesse
* Schloss Liebieg in Gondorf, Rhineland-Palatinate
# Eduard Hartmann (politician)

Eduard Hartmann (3 September 1904, Laxenburg, Austria – 14 October 1966, Vienna, Austria) was an Austrian politician and Governor of Lower Austria from 1965 until his death in 1966. He previously served as federal Minister of Agriculture and Forestry from 1959 to 1964.
# Simon Ibo

Simon Ibo (20 March 1940 – 24 September 2022), also known as Ibo Simon, was a French actor, singer, and politician of the far-right.

## Biography

Ibo was born on 20 March 1940 in Basse-Terre to a modest family. He attended very little education and did not receive his Certificat d'études primaires. He then moved to Île-de-France, where he was a member of a West Indian orchestra. After some legal trouble, he ended up in La Santé Prison.
After his imprisonment, Ibo returned to Guadeloupe and became known there as a singer and actor, notably for his song, Même si je dois mourir un jour, released in 1979. In 1980, he starred in the film Mamito [fr], directed by Christian Lara. In November 2021, he released a reggae reprise of the song Même si je dois mourir un jour alongside Daddy Yod [fr].
In 1992, Ibo became the host of his own segment on Canal 10 [fr], where he reacted to current events live on air. In 2001, he made multiple racist remarks against Haitians on television. On 4 September 2001, Canal 10 received a notice from the Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel following a motion by the Movement Against Racism and for Friendship between Peoples and the Groupe d'information et de soutien des immigrés denouncing the words of Ibo. He was then suspended from the television channel.
In 1995, Ibo entered politics and participated in the municipal election of Point-à-Pitre, where he was elected to the municipal council with 8% of the vote. In 1997, he ran for a seat in the National Assembly and failed to qualify for the second round after earning 14.56% of the vote in the first round. In 1998, he ran for the Regional Council of Guadeloupe and was elected with 5.7% of the vote.
In 2001, Ibo earned 22% of the vote in the mayoral election of Point-à-Pitre and qualified for the second round. Although he was not successful, he maintained his mandate on the municipal council. In May 2001, he co-founded the party Guadeloupe debout alongside former Rally for the Republic member Louis Dessout and subsequently became party president. On 22 July 2001, he led a group to attack a Dominican family and ransack their home, an event filmed and broadcast live by Canal 10.
In 2002, Ibo again ran for a seat in the National Assembly in Guadeloupe's 1st constituency. He earned 12.51% of the vote and failed to qualify for the second round. In November 2003, he was stripped of his mandates as municipal councilor and regional councilor after a conviction of incitement to racial hatred. He was unable to hold any public office for two years afterwards.
In 2007, Ibo tried for a third time to earn a seat in the National Assembly, earning 6.61% of the first round vote and failing to qualify for the second round. In 2015, he unsuccessfully ran for leadership of the Canton of Les Abymes-3, earning 11.35% of the vote.
Simon Ibo died on 24 September 2022 at the age of 82.

## Discography

* Doubout ! (1979)
* Ibo Simon (1979)
* Ibo Simon (1980)
* Bo (1981)
* Danger (2012)
# No.l.ita

No.l.ita is an Italian fashion designer. In 2007, the company generated a storm of controversy for their "No.Anorexia" ad campaign featuring emaciated model Isabelle Caro.
# Chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia

Chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia is a phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia in which 5% or fewer of the cells in the blood and bone marrow are blast cells (immature blood cells). This phase may last from several months to several years, and there may be no symptoms of leukemia.
# John M. Cochrane

John M. Cochrane (March 11, 1859 – July 20, 1904) was an American judge who served as a justice of the Supreme Court of North Dakota from 1903 to 1904. He died in office.

## Early life and education

Cochrane was born in Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania. He moved with his parents to Canton, Illinois, in 1861. In 1865, they moved further west to Faribault, Minnesota. In 1873, they moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota.
In 1976, Cochrane attended the State University of Minnesota. In 1879, he abegan attending University of Michigan Law School, graduating in 1881.

## Career

Cochrane was admitted to the Minnesota Bar and practiced law in Minnesota until March 1883. In March 1883, Cochrane moved to Grand Forks, Dakota Territory. He practiced law there until the fall of 1894, when he was elected Probate Judge of Grand Forks County to a two-year term. He was reelected to this position in 1886, and resigned in 1887 in order to be accept his appointment as state's attorney of Grand Forks County. He won a full term as state's attorney in 1888 for a two-year term.
For several years, Cochrane taught criminal law at the University of North Dakota School of Law.
In 1902, Cochran was elected to the North Dakota Supreme Court. He served for only one year and seven months before dying in office on July 20, 1904, at the age of 45.
# Tashkent Economics College

Tashkent Economics College was first established in 1998 on 24 February by the 77th edict of "Cabinet of Ministers" of Republic Uzbekistan, which was about "Creating and establishing colleges and academic lyceums". It was the first step on creation of new college. In 1998 May 18 there was another edict with number 204, and again in 1998 May 27 there was the next edict number 147 of the "Cabinet of Ministers" of Uzbekistan about creation of new college. After this edict college was opened officially under the name of "Tashkent Economics Professional College". In 2003 "Cabinet of Ministers" of Uzbekistan made the edict number 473 on 29 October which said to change the name of college to "Tashkent Economics College".
Nowadays the main building of the college if located in Tashkent city, Yunusabad district, block 19, house 37. The main building of the "Tashkent Economics College" was reconstructed in the years 2008 and 2009. From the year 2010 it continued fully functioning. There are 33 classes, 3 lab rooms and 2 computer classes in the main building of the college. There is canteen which can serve 60 students at one time. There are three faculties at the college, which are: "Finance and Economics Faculty", "Banking" and "Accountanting and Economics faculty".
# Diplomatic capital

Diplomatic capital refers to the trust, goodwill, and influence which a diplomat, or a state represented by its diplomats, has within international diplomacy. According to political scientist Rebecca Adler-Nissen, diplomatic capital is a kind of currency that can be traded in diplomatic negotiations and that is increased when positive ″social competences, reputation and personal authority" are portrayed.

## Accumulation and loss

Diplomatic capital can be accumulated by economic cooperation and by contributions to the solution of international crises, It is strengthened when in other countries the sentiment prevails that the interests of a state or the diplomats representing it are aligned with their own interests. Conversely, it can be squandered when a country engages in a confrontation, an armed conflict or a war, if that is perceived as unjust or at odds with the interests of others.
Diplomatic capital is also linked to the extent of enforcement of human rights.
# Story Paper Collectors' Digest

Story Paper Collectors' Digest was a journal published from November 1946 until May 2005, and with special intermittent issues continuing on until late 2007. It was created by Herbert Leckenby. With articles on story papers, it heavily featured the work of Charles Hamilton, Edwy Searles Brooks and the tales of detectives Sexton Blake and Nelson Lee. It was published monthly until 2004. The editors were Herbert Leckenby until his death in October 1959, then Eric Fayne until January 1987 when he retired as editor, then Mary Cadogan.
Contributors included Roger Jenkins, Gerald Allison, Breeze Bentley, Jim Cook, Jack Wood, Laurie Sutton, Josie and Len Packman, Bob Whiter, Jack Overhill, W. O. G. Lofts, and the respective editors.
A Collectors' Digest Annual appeared, under the same editors, from 1947 onwards. It contained more substantial material.
# Into the Lime

Into the Lime is the first full-length album by indie pop band The New Mendicants. It was released in 2014.
Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 76/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Guardian | |
| PopMatters | 7/10 |

## Track listing

All tracks written by Joe Pernice, Norman Blake and Mike Belitsky except *Sandy Denny.
* Sarasota
* A Very Sorry Christmas
* Cruel Annette
* Follow You Down
* Shouting Match
* If You Only Knew Her
* High on the Skyline
* By the Time It Gets Dark*
* Out of the Lime
* Lifelike Hair
# Cha: An Asian Literary Journal

Cha: An Asian Literary Journal is an online English literary journal based in Hong Kong. It publishes poetry, fiction, creative nonfiction, book reviews, photography and art, with a focus on Asia-related creative works and pieces by Asian writers and artists.

## History

Hong Kong native Tammy Ho Lai-ming and Canadian native Jeff Zroback founded the journal in 2007. When originally founded, Cha was the only online literary journal in the city. Cha has since been highlighted in a number of places, such as by The Hindu newspaper and the UCLA Asian American Studies Center, which noted the journal is among a group of new online journals embracing a "pan-Asian perspective."

## Contributors

Former contributors to the journal include Ai Weiwei, Louie Crew, Duo Duo, Eleanor Goodman, Ma. Luisa Aguilar Igloria, Alan Jefferies, Sushma Joshi, Christopher Kelen, Shirley Lim, Lyn Lifshin, Alvin Pang, Todd Swift, Amy Uyematsu, Eliot Weinberger, Alison Wong, Cyril Wong, Bryan Thao Worra, Xu Xi and Ouyang Yu.

## Honors

Cha was named Best New Online Magazine in 2008 and Best Online Magazine in 2011 by StorySouth's Million Writers Award and was named The Gatekeeper's Site of the Week on Meet at the Gate, the website of Scottish publisher Canongate Books. Work from Cha was chosen for inclusion in the Best of the Web and Best of the Net anthologies in 2009. The journal also features a critique piece, "A Cup of Fine Tea," in which previously published works are discussed.
# Strandburg, South Dakota

Strandburg is a town in southern Grant County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 63 at the 2020 census. Its name is derived from the town's founder, the Swedish John Strandburg.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.08 square miles (0.21 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 72 people, 27 households, and 17 families residing in the town. The population density was 900.0 inhabitants per square mile (347.5/km$^2$). There were 36 housing units at an average density of 450.0 per square mile (173.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 95.8% White and 4.2% Native American.
There were 27 households, of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.0% were non-families. 37.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.41.
The median age in the town was 37 years. 36.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 11.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 58.3% male and 41.7% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 69 people, 28 households, and 16 families residing in the town. The population density was 901.2 inhabitants per square mile (348.0/km$^2$). There were 33 housing units at an average density of 431.0 per square mile (166.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.10% White, and 2.90% from two or more races.
There were 28 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, and 39.3% were non-families. 35.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 32.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.35.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 10.1% from 45 to 64, and 24.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 122.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $36,563, and the median income for a family was $47,500. Males had a median income of $32,188 versus $18,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,609. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.
# Strandbloemen

Strandbloemen are handmade tissue paper artificial flowers that are offered for sale by children on Belgian beaches. The tradition is around 100 years old and is unique to Belgium. It's a form of trading: the flowers are exchanged for seashells.

## Historical background

When and how the tradition of strandbloemen exactly finds its origin, is not yet known. However, it already existed at the end of the 1920s before coastal tourism was in full swing. In 2016, the "strand in bloei". project was set up by the Erfgoedcel Kusterfgoed with the goal of drawing attention to and outline the history of the tradition of strandbloemen. One can find strandbloemen all along the Belgian coasts, from De Panne to Knokke. In the adjacent coastal areas of the Netherlands and France, the phenomenon does not exist and is therefore uniquely Belgian. Although the tradition is decreasing in popularity in some places, organisations like the Erfgoedcel Kustergoed have always striven for the tradition's recognition as intangible cultural heritage. In 2014, Katrien Vermeire made a short film about the tradition ("Der Kreislauf") and the tradition was granted its status as intangible cultural heritage in 2021.

## The flowers and their sale

The flowers are made from tissue paper and attached to wooden sticks. They are put into the sand in a line, sometimes on a small self-made mound of sand. Behind, there's a hole in which both boys and girls sit to run their shops. They often buy flowers from other "retailers" to sell them on, with or without profit. However, the actual making of the flowers is carried out by their parents and/or grandparents. More recently, there are even courses being organised and books and brochures being published to help (grand)parents master the craft.
The flowers are never sold for money, but always for seashells. The required types and quantities needed for trading vary between coastal areas. For example, on the East and West coasts, they're usually paid for with couteautjes (a name derived from the French couteaux, meaning knife or saw). These shells are more commonly known to us as banded wedge shells. Because of their rarity, these kinds of shells are required for a fair trade. On the East Coast, you pay five to fifteen shells per flower. On the West Coast, where they are less rare, they can cost between 50 and 100 shells per flower.
The Middle Coast is the only part where children pay with "handjes", referring to the one or more handfuls full of shells they need to buy the flowers. The shells can be mixed, but no mussels, oysters and razor clams can be mixed into them as they fill the children's hands too quickly. In the 1960s and 1970s, some places used conch shells to pay. However, as these became too rare, they were replaced by other shells, most often couteautjes. In Bredene, one conch can still be traded for 50 couteautjes.
# Coxheath Common

Coxheath Common at Coxheath in Kent was used as a cricket venue for several known top-class matches between 1728 and 1789 as well as for a number of minor matches.
The venue is first referenced in 1646, in the records of a court case following a cricket match played there on 29 May. The case concerned non-payment of a wager that was made at the game. The participants included members of the local gentry. The match has the added interest of being an "odds" game in that Samuel Filmer and Thomas Harlackenden played as a pair, and won, against four men from Maidstone: Walter Franklyn, Richard Marsh, Robert Sanders and William Cooper.
The earliest known important match on the common was in 1728 when Edwin Stead's Kent team played against a team from Sussex organised by Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond. Further matches on the common were recorded in 1736 and 1744. By the middle of the 18th century, the heath was being used as a military training ground and it was not recorded as being used for cricket again until 1787 when it seems that a "new ground" had been established near the former Star Inn.
The location of the original ground (1728 to 1744) is unknown, but the Star Inn was located just inside Linton Park close to the crossroads of the modern A229 road and the B2163, and that ground was probably adjacent to the inn. A total of five matches were played at the Star Inn ground from 1787 to 1789, four of which were awarded retrospective first-class cricket status. The last known match was in August 1789 between teams from West Kent and East Kent. Following the Napoleonic Wars, the heath was no longer needed by the military and was enclosed. The modern village is a relatively recent development.
# Courts of Nevada

Courts of Nevada include:

## State courts of Nevada

Federal courts located in Nevada
# Middlesex Township, Pennsylvania

Middlesex Township is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:
* Middlesex Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania
* Middlesex Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania
# Centruroides baergi

Centruroides baergi is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae. They are commonly found in highlands and are almost exclusively found in the states of Oaxaca and southern Puebla, Mexico. C. baergi is the most abundant scorpion of the genus in the state of Oaxaca, making up a third of Centruroides reported between 2008 and 2014.

## Venom

The three main toxins that make up the venom of C. baergi are beta toxins. These toxins modify the activation threshold of sodium channels, making the channels more likely to open when normally they would not. Since sodium channels are widely found in the peripheral nervous system, their opening can lead to severe autonomic dysfunction. The two most harmful of these toxins can not be neutralized by the currently available antibodies, likely due to the venom not being deemed medically important.
Some of the symptoms of a sting include intense pain, salivation, vomiting, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, muscle stiffness, tingling and sweating.
# Central Tamil dialect

The Central Tamil dialect is a dialect of Tamil spoken in the districts of Thanjavur, Tiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Mayiladuthurai, and Tiruchirapalli in central Tamil Nadu, India and to some extent, in the neighbouring Cuddalore and Pudukkottai districts. Along with Madurai Tamil, the Central Tamil dialect is considered to be one of the purest forms of spoken Tamil in Tamil Nadu and is considered to be the basis of standard spoken Tamil in the state.
# Coutu

Coutu is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

## People
### Surname

* Billy Coutu (1892–1978), Canadian ice hockey player
* Brandon Coutu (born 1984), American-football placekicker
* Christopher Coutu (born 1976), American Army National Guard officer, municipal and state elected leader
* Jack Coutu (1924–2017), English printmaker and sculptor
* Jean Coutu (actor) (1925–1999), Quebec actor
* Jean Coutu (pharmacist) (born 1927), Quebec pharmacist
* Richard Coutu (born 1951), Canadian ice hockey player
* Sarah-Ève Coutu-Godbout (born 1997), Canadian ice hockey player
* Sherry Coutu based in Cambridge, UK and originally from Canada, a serial entrepreneur
* Taylor Coutu (born 1987), American golfer

### Middle name

* Guillaume Coutu Dumont, Canadian electronic musician