OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Last Reef and Other Stories

The Last Reef and Other Stories (ISBN 0-9553181-7-3, published by Elastic Press) is a collection of science fiction short stories by British writer Gareth L. Powell. It compiles much of his short fiction from before 2008.

## Stories

* "Sunsets and Hamburgers": A 2006 short story originally in Byzarium. This was an experimental story based around the concept of Transrealism.
* "The Last Reef": A 2006 story and Powell's first Interzone sale. The story features the technical concept of a machine that can be used to transform its user. Reprinted on Best SF.
* "The Redoubt": A 2007 story, archived in Aphelion. The story is a first person narrative telling of the memories of one of the last humans alive.
* "Ack-Ack Macaque": Powell's second Interzone sale and winner of the 2007 Interzone reader's poll for best short story. It will be incorporated into a novel of the same name, Powell's third. An audio version is found on Transmissions From Beyond.
* "Pod Dreams of Tuckertown": A 2007 story, archived in Byzarium.
* "Six Lights off Green Star": A 2005 story featuring starship pilots engaging in the sport of "random-jumping" via hyperdrives into unknown areas of space. Archived on Infinity Plus. Elements of this story were later incorporated into The Recollection.
* "Distant Galaxies Colliding": a 2005 short story, originally in Quantum Muse. Also archived on Infinity Plus. Elements of this story were later incorporated into The Recollection.
* "Falling Apart": A dark, entropic, near future story from 2008 set in a decaying Weston-super-Mare.
* "Morning Star": a revised edition of the cyberpunk-inspired "Catch A Burning Star" from 2004. The original was published on Aphelion.
* "A Necklace of Ivy": A rewritten version of a 1995 short story.
* "Hot Rain": A 2008 story expanding on an incident mentioned in "The Last Reef".
* "The Long Walk Aft": Flash Fiction from 2008. Collected on Powell's website.
* "Arches": A 2008 story inspired by the London skyline. Elements of this story were later incorporated into The Recollection.
* "Flotsam": A 2008 story set in the same milieu as "The Last Reef" and "Hot Rain".
* "Cat in a Box": A retitled version of Powell's 2005 story "The Kitten Box". Part of Aphelion's "Mare Inebrium" setting.
# Johann Nicolaus von Dreyse

Johann Nicolaus von Dreyse (20 November 1787 – 9 December 1867) was a German firearms inventor and manufacturer. He is most famous for submitting the Dreyse needle gun in 1836 to the Prussian army, which was adopted for service in December 1840 as the Leichte Perkussions-Gewehr M 1841 – a name deliberately chosen to mislead about the rifle's mechanism – later renamed Zündnadelgewehr M 1841 in 1855.

## Biography

Dreyse was born in Sömmerda (then ruled by the Archbishopric of Mainz), the son of a locksmith. Dreyse worked from 1809 to 1814 in the Parisian gun factory of Jean-Samuel Pauly, a Swiss who designed several experimental breech-loading military rifles. After returning to Sömmerda in 1814, he founded a company to manufacture percussion caps. It was there that he designed the needle rifle.
While the gun is thought of by some to be the first bolt-action rifle, in reality it bears little resemblance to modern bolt-action rifles, except for the bolt principle itself which was applied to close the breech. Ammunition for the Dreyse rifle was made up of paper cartridges holding the bullet into a sabot. The gun's needle penetrated the paper cartridge before igniting the black powder charge. The Dreyse's simple construction made it relatively easy to keep clean and in operation. For instance, worn needles could be quickly replaced without dismantling the bolt mechanism. The Dreyse rifle was a significant ordnance improvement for its time, since it permitted a much faster rate of fire than the muzzle-loading rifled muskets which were the standard of world's armies until the mid-1860s. It also enabled riflemen to reload without standing and exposing themselves to fire.
The Dreyse rifle was used by the Prussians during the Second Schleswig War, Austro-Prussian War, and the Franco-Prussian War. By that time, the gun was fast becoming obsolete, and was outclassed by the French bolt-action Mle 1866 Chassepot rifle. Other bolt-action rifle designs had emerged in other countries. For example, in 1869 Switzerland adopted the bolt-action Vetterli rifle, which was a tube-magazine rimfire metallic cartridge repeater. The French transformed the 11mm Chassepot into a metallic-cartridge bolt-action rifle, the Mle 1874 Gras. Germany had also switched earlier to an 11mm metallic cartridge with the entirely new Mauser Model 1871 bolt-action rifle. Great Britain and the U.S. evolved from muzzle-loaders to metallic-cartridge breech-loaders, but with systems other than bolt action, during that same period.
There remains some ambiguity about the activities of von Dreyse after he created the needle-gun, as he seems to have dropped the Johann part of his name and was known as Nikolaus von Dreyse.

## Gallery

* Dreyse mill in Sömmerda
* Dreyse Zündnadelgewehr/Prussian Model 1841
* Unveiling of the Dreyse Memorial in Sömmerda, 1909
# District Council of Narridy

The District Council of Narridy was a local government area in South Australia, centred on the town of Narridy and the surrounding cadastral hundred of the same name. It was proclaimed on 2 March 1876 with responsibility for the Hundred of Narridy, and divided into five wards (North-West, North-East, Centre, South-West and South-East), each electing one councillor. A council chamber had been completed by the end of December 1879; it was described as "not a large building" but "well suited for the purposes for which it was intended". The Narridy council ceased to exist from 5 January 1888 after being amalgamated with the adjacent District Council of Georgetown by the District Councils Act 1887. Its abolition was followed by angry local calls for a demerger later in 1888, which met with blanket government refusal; at a local meeting discussing this outcome, it was reported that "it was freely expressed that the Premier was working into the hands of Georgetown".

## Chairmen of the District Council of Narridy

* J. Porter (1877-1879)
* W. Brock (1879-1881)
* J. Porter (1881-1883)
# Divisibility (ring theory)

In mathematics, the notion of a divisor originally arose within the context of arithmetic of whole numbers. With the development of abstract rings, of which the integers are the archetype, the original notion of divisor found a natural extension.
Divisibility is a useful concept for the analysis of the structure of commutative rings because of its relationship with the ideal structure of such rings.

## Definition

Let R be a ring, and let a and b be elements of R. If there exists an element x in R with ax = b, one says that a is a left divisor of b and that b is a right multiple of a. Similarly, if there exists an element y in R with ya = b, one says that a is a right divisor of b and that b is a left multiple of a. One says that a is a two-sided divisor of b if it is both a left divisor and a right divisor of b; the x and y above are not required to be equal.
When R is commutative, the notions of left divisor, right divisor, and two-sided divisor coincide, so one says simply that a is a divisor of b, or that b is a multiple of a, and one writes $a\mid b$. Elements a and b of an integral domain are associates if both $a\mid b$ and $b\mid a$. The associate relationship is an equivalence relation on R, so it divides R into disjoint equivalence classes.
Note: Although these definitions make sense in any magma, they are used primarily when this magma is the multiplicative monoid of a ring.

## Properties

Statements about divisibility in a commutative ring $R$ can be translated into statements about principal ideals. For instance,
* One has $a\mid b$ if and only if $(b)\subseteq (a)$.
* Elements a and b are associates if and only if $(a)=(b)$.
* An element u is a unit if and only if u is a divisor of every element of R.
* An element u is a unit if and only if $(u)=R$.
* If $a=bu$ for some unit u, then a and b are associates. If R is an integral domain, then the converse is true.
* Let R be an integral domain. If the elements in R are totally ordered by divisibility, then R is called a valuation ring.
In the above, $(a)$ denotes the principal ideal of $R$ generated by the element $a$.

## Zero as a divisor, and zero divisors

* If one interprets the definition of divisor literally, every a is a divisor of 0, since one can take x = 0. Because of this, it is traditional to abuse terminology by making an exception for zero divisors: one calls an element a in a commutative ring a zero divisor if there exists a nonzero x such that ax = 0.
* Some texts apply the term 'zero divisor' to a nonzero element x where the multiplier a is additionally required to be nonzero where x solves the expression ax = 0, but such a definition is both more complicated and lacks some of the above properties.
# Ditaeniella

Ditaeniella is a genus of flies in the family Sciomyzidae, the marsh flies or snail-killing flies.

## Species

* D. grisescens (Meigen, 1830)
* D. parallela (Walker, 1853)
* D. patagoniensis (Macquart, 1851)
* D. trivittata (Cresson, 1920)
# Contramaestre River

Contramaestre River is a river of southern Cuba. It is a tributary of the Cauto River.
# Contralmirante Cordero

Contralmirante Cordero is a village and municipality in Río Negro Province in Argentina.
# Acıpayam sheep

The Acıpayam is a breed of domesticated sheep that originated in Turkey. They are a dual-purpose breed (wool and meat). They are a mix of Awassi, Ost Fries and Daglic breeds.

## Characteristics

They average 54.6kg in weight. Both have white, coarse wool.

## Production

Ewes have a mean daily milk yield of 906.2g, with a lactation period of 199 days. Lambs have an average growth rate of 83.77g/day. However, there is wide variation in production traits between individual sheep. They produce 34.7 micron wool and cut 3.1kg of greasy fleece on average. Their fleece is best suited to carpet making.

## Development

The Acipayam was developed in the 1990s in Denizli, a city in the Aegean region of Turkey, in an effort to improve production traits of local breeds. The Awassi and Daglic were chosen for their ability to withstand local conditions, and the Ost Fries for its milk yield. The genetic contribution from each of these breeds was 50% Awassi, 25% Ost Fries and 25% Daglic.
# Acidocroton verrucosus

Acidocroton verrucosus is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Jamaica.
# División de Honor B

División de Honor B may refer to:
* División de Plata de Balonmano, the second-level handball league in Spain
* División de Honor B de Rugby, the second Spanish league competition for rugby union clubs
# Johann Georg Conrad Oberdieck

Johann Georg Conrad Oberdieck (30 August 1794, in Wilkenburg – 24 February 1880, in Herzberg am Harz) was a German clergyman and pomologist.
From 1812 to 1815 he studied theology at the University of Göttingen, and following graduation, served as a subconrector at Michaelisschule in Lüneburg. Several years later he became a pastor in Bardowick, and afterwards worked as an ecclesiastical superintendent in Sulingen (from 1831) and Nienburg/Weser (from 1839). In 1853 he relocated to the community of Jeinsen as a superintendent.
With Eduard Lucas, he was editor of the journal Monatsschrift für Pomologie und praktischen Obstbau ("Monthly journal of pomology and practical fruit growing"), later known as the Pomologische Monatshefte. The Oberdieck-Preis is an annual award issued by the Pomologen-Verein eV and the city of Naumburg (Hesse) for achievements made towards conservation of plant genetic resources in fruit cultivation. The fruit cultivars Oberdieck's taubenapfel (a pigeon-apple) and Oberdieck's reinette (a rennet) commemorate his name.

## Selected works

* Anleitung zur Kenntniß und Anpflanzung des besten Obstes für das nördliche Deutschland, 1852 – Instructions on planting the best fruit for northern Germany.
* Beiträge zur Hebung der Obstcultur (with Eduard Lucas, 1857) – Contributions to fruit cultivation.
* Zusätze und Berichtigungen zu Band I. und IV. des Illustr. Handbuchs der Obstkunde, enthaltend Beschreibungen von Aepfeln, 1868 – Additions and corrections to Volume I and IV of the Illustrated Manual of Pomology, containing descriptions of apples.
* Pomologische Notizen. Nach langjährigen eigenen Erfahrungen zusammengestellt, 1869 – Pomological notes. Compiled via longtime personal experiences.
* Beobachtungen über das Erfrieren vieler Gewächse in kalten Wintern; nebst Erörterung der Mittel, durch welche Frostschaden möglichst verhütet werden kann, 1872 – Observations on the freezing of many plants in cold winters, etc.
* Illustrirtes Handbuch der Obstkunde (with Eduard Lucas and Friedrich Jahn; 8 volumes 1859–75) – Illustrated handbook of pomology.
* Deutschlands beste Obstsorten; Anleitung zur Kenntnis und Anpflanzung einer, nach strenger Auswahl zusammengestellten Anzahl von Obstsorten, 1881 – Germany's best fruit; instructive notes and cultivation, etc.
# Acox

Acox is a surname. People with this surname include:
* Clarence Acox Jr., American band director and jazz drummer
* Kristófer Acox (born 1993), Icelandic basketball player
# National Employer Service

The National Employer Service (NES) was a service of the Learning and Skills Council which became the Skills Funding Agency. Its purpose was to offer specialist advice and funding for further education to national, multi-site employers with more than 5000 employees.
The service worked with 150 companies including BT Group, Sainsbury's, Tesco and McDonald's.
First established in 2003 as the National Contracting Service, its role evolved from centrally delivering government funding towards working in partnership with large employers, providing specialist advice on the development of large scale work-based training programmes.
This co-investment approach to frontline training involved channeling public investment to areas where it delivered the greatest value for money.
In a speech on the subject, the then Conservative party leader David Cameron incorrectly identified the National Employer Service as a Quango in its own right.
The National Employer Service was based at the Skills Funding Agency's national office in Cheylesmore House, Cheylesmore, Coventry and was one of a number of specialist services housed within the wider agency.
In October 2010, the National Employer Service was incorporated into the National Apprenticeship Service.
# Active Intelligence Pte Ltd

Active Intelligence Pte Ltd (Active.Ai) is a private fintech company focusing on artificial intelligence. Its headquarters are in Singapore while its research and development base in Bengaluru. It claims to use natural language processing and machine intelligence as a platform that allows banks to interact with customers using messaging and voice.
Active.Ai was founded by Ravi Shankar, a former Group Executive Vice President at Yes Bank, Shankar Narayanan, and Parikshit Paspulati in 2016.
Active.Ai raised $3 million from ID Ventures India and Kalaari Capital in November 2016. It raised $8.25 million in series A round of funding, co-led by Vertex Ventures, Creditease Holdings and Dream Incubator in November 2017.

## Products
### Morfeus

Morfeus is Active Ai's middleware engine that runs as the Java app on a typical web server. It provides a web interface for configuration and management, connecting front-end channels that helps banks to engage with their customers over unstructured micro-conversations via mobile, chat or voice enabled IOT devices using artificial intelligence. Morfeus was developed with assistance of the company's innovation lab in Bangalore India.

### Triniti

Triniti is an AI engine composed of natural language processing and natural language generation elements enabling financial institutions to connect with customers in a natural format over messaging, voice and IOT devices. Triniti is also designed for banks to automate certain functions including transactions and customer service between customers and other banks.
# Do Boond Pani

Do Boond Pani (meaning: Two Drops of Water) is a 1971 Hindi social drama film produced and directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas. Made under the "Naya Sansar" banner; the story, screenplay and dialogues were by Abbas, with additional dialogues by Inder Raj Anand. The music was composed by Jaidev. The cast included Simi Garewal, Jalal Agha and Madhu Chanda and was the debut film of actor Kiran Kumar. The film won the award for Best Feature film on National integration.
Set against the backdrop of Rajasthan, the film focused on the scarcity of water, and the eventual building of a dam. Ganga Singh (Jalal Agha) goes to work on the dam, but loses his life, leaving behind his widow and a young son in the village. His sacrifice helps transform the desert land into a fertile area with the dam being called Ganga Sagar dam.

## Plot

Ganga Singh, newly married to Gauri, brings his wife to his village, in Rajasthan where he lives with his father Hari Singh, and sister Sonki. They live hand to mouth in the poor village which is suffering from drought and villagers have to travel a long distance to get water. Ganga Singh hears of a dam being constructed and leaves his wife to join in the building of it. His family goes through misfortunes, with his father dying and his sister being raped by the dacoit Mangal Singh. Ganga himself dies preventing a disaster at the dam. The dam is eventually built bringing greenery to an arid region. His wife bears a son and lives on in the village.

## Cast

* Jalal Agha as Ganga Singh
* Simi Garewal as Gauri
* Madhu Chanda as Sonki
* Sajjan as Hari Singh
* Prakash Thapa as Mangal Singh
* Kiran Kumar as Mohan Kaul
* Rashid Khan as Bhikhu
* Pinchoo Kapoor as Postman

## Reception

The film was referred to as an "inspirational melodrama" and the music by Jaidev was stated as a "magisterial score", however, the film was not a commercial success and flopped at the box office.

## Awards

* Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration.

## Soundtrack

Composer Jaidev got Asha Bhosle to sing for Do Boond Pani, for the song "Ja Ri Pawaniya". The lyricists were Kaifi Azmi, Balkavi Bairagi and M. R. Mukul. The playback singing was provided by Asha Bhosle, Lakshmi Shankar, Parveen Sultana, Meenu Purushottam, Mukesh, Ambar Kumar, Shrikant Moghe and Bhushan Mehta.

### Song list

| # | Title | Singer | Lyricist |
| 1 | "Ja Ri Pawaniya Piya Ke Des Ja" | Asha Bhosle | Kaifi Azmi |
| 2 | "Bani Teri Bindiya Ki" | Lakshmi Shankar | Balkavi Bairagi |
| 3 | "Peetal Ki Mori Gaagri" (Happy) | Parveen Sultana, Minu Purushottam | Kaifi Azmi |
| 4 | "Peetal Ki Mori Gaagri" (Sad) | Parveen Sultana | Kaifi Azmi |
| 5 | "Mar Gai Mar Gai Re" | Meenu Purushottam, Ambar Kumar, Bhushan Mehta | Kaifi Azmi |
| 6 | "Do Boond Pani" | Mukesh | Kaifi Azmi |
| 7 | "Sai Naam" | Shrikant Moghe, Ambar Kumar | M. R. Mukul |
# Dizangué

Dizangué is a town and commune in Cameroon.
# Copelatus ambiguus

Copelatus ambiguus is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Bertrand & Legros in 1975.
# Dodd Middle School

Dodd Middle School may refer to:
* Dodd Middle School in Cheshire, Connecticut - Cheshire Public Schools
* John W. Dodd Middle School in Freeport, New York - Freeport Public Schools
# National Conference on Ministry to the Armed Forces

The National Conference on Ministry to the Armed Forces (NCMAF) is an umbrella group of religious organizations in the United States which endorse clergy for service as military chaplains in the United States armed forces. It functions as the point of contact between religious groups and the government of the United States military to satisfy the U.S. military requirement that chaplains serving with the various branches of the U.S. armed forces hold "ecclesiastical endorsement" from their religious communities and also serves as a forum for discussions among member organizations regarding issues relating to the military chaplaincy.

## History

Although not officially formed as a "private organization" until 1982, the group's website states that its "roots go back to 1901 when the decision was made by the War Department (predecessor to the Department of Defense) to require ecclesiastical endorsement for clergy who serve as chaplains in the armed forces".

## Purpose

Member organizations represent over 150 "religious denominations and faith groups" that act as the "point of contact" between the armed forces and America's religious community when it comes to dealing with American religious representatives who would like to serve as military chaplains. Member organizations represent groups including Protestant, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Buddhist, Islamic, and Hindu.
The group states that all member organizations want to endorse clergy who are "credible, committed to their faith, open to all persons, able to meet all military standards, and who represent the highest standards of their own faith communities".
In addition to supporting the member organizations that endorse chaplains of their own faith, the group functions as a forum for discussion of information of interest to all member organizations, such as the recommendation by some community groups to add atheist or humanist chaplains to serve military personnel.

## Ecclesiastical endorsements

Department of Defense Instruction 2304.28, outlines "Guidance for the appointment of chaplains for the military departments" and includes the requirement (among others) that "religious ministry professionals" (RMPs) must "receive an endorsement from a qualified religious organization". It defines endorsement as "the internal process that religious organizations use when designating RMPS to represent their religious organizations to the Military Departments and confirm the ability of their RMPs to conduct religious observances or ceremonies in a military context." It defines "Ecclesiastical Endorsing Agent" as "an individual authorized to provide or withdraw Ecclesiastical Endorsements on behalf of a religious organization".

## Veterans Affairs chaplains

The group also functions as the "Endorsers Conference for Veterans Affairs Chaplaincy" (ECVAC), endorsing chaplains for Department of Veterans Affairs hospitals, acting as the liaison organization between American religious communities and the Department of Veterans Affairs.
# National Conference on Organized Resistance

The National Conference on Organized Resistance (NCOR) was an annual event that brought together activists from a variety of issues, struggles, ideologies and backgrounds for a weekend of learning and reflecting on the state of progressive movements occurring locally, nationally and worldwide. Through diverse workshops, panel discussions, skillshares, tabling, and the creation of an open and safe space, NCOR sought to promote organized action amongst participants against the injustices and inequalities that are confronted in people's daily lives and in the world. NCOR was held on the main campus of American University in northwest Washington, DC, from 1998 to 2008.
While the overall political mood of the conference was that of anarchism, the event drew both speakers and participants across the spectrum of the left - from the International Socialist Organization to the Catalyst Project to the Green Party.
In October 2008, it was announced that future NCOR events were indefinitely canceled due to no current American University students volunteering to be part of the next organizing collective.