OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guardians of Independence

The Guardians of Independence (Arabic: حارس الاستقلال; Haras al Istiqlal) were a secretive, clandestine political group established in early 1919 to oppose the British occupation of Iraq following World War I. Ja'far Abu al-Timman was its main organizer and leader. The Guardians of Independence used both nationalist and religious rhetoric against the British presence and contributed greatly to the rise of emotions that led to the 1920 revolt. It called for Iraqi and Syrian independence, the establishment of a constitutional monarchy, and the rejection of technical or economic assistance from the British. It concentrated most of its activities in the central Euphrates and in Baghdad. Its leadership included a number of prominent religious and political figures: Sayyid Muhammad al-Sadr, Sayyid Muhammed Ali Bahrululoom, Shakir Mahmud, Hikmat Shawkat, Jalal Baban, and Muhamman Baqir al-Shabibi.
# Ctenucha affinis

Ctenucha affinis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1884. It is found in Guatemala.
# Euphorbia cussonioides

Euphorbia cussonioides is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Kenya. It goes by the common name the Candelabra tree.
# Vladimir Fedotov (disambiguation)

Vladimir Fedotov (1943–2009) was a Russian football manager and former football player.
Vladimir Fedotov may also refer to:
# Diaditus

Diaditus is a genus of assassin bugs in the family Reduviidae. There are about six described species in Diaditus.

## Species

These six species belong to the genus Diaditus:
* Diaditus latulus Barber, 1930
* Diaditus nocturnus Hussey, 1954
* Diaditus pictipes Champion, 1898
* Diaditus pilosicornis Bergroth, 1907
* Diaditus semicolon Stål, 1859
* Diaditus tejanus Giacchi, 1980
# ElectricOIL

The Electric Oxygen Iodine Laser, or ElectricOIL, or EOIL, is an infrared hybrid electrical / chemical laser. Its output wavelength is 1.315 μm, the wavelength of transition of atomic iodine. The lasing state I* is produced by near-resonant energy transfer with metastable singlet oxygen O$_2$(a$^1$Δ) [denoted hereafter as O$_2$(a)].

## Advantages

EOIL technology represents a unique class of hybrid electric gas high-energy laser with the potential to have inherently higher beam quality than solid state systems, while being more logistically friendly than current Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser (COIL) systems. The principal advantage of such an inherently high beam quality system is the trade of a relatively small fixed mass in electrical generation and heat exchanger hardware for the massive fluid supply and large tankage associated with COIL devices.

## Development

Since the first reporting of a viable electric discharge-driven oxygen-iodine laser system (also often referred to as EOIL or DOIL in the literature) by CU Aerospace (CUA) and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC), there have been some other successful demonstrations of gain and laser power. Computational modeling of the discharge and post-discharge kinetics has been an invaluable tool in EOIL development, allowing analysis of the production of various discharge species [O$_2$(a$^1$Δ), O$_2$($_b$$^1$Σ), O atoms, and O$_3$] and determination of the influence of NO$_X$ species on system kinetics. Ionin et al. and Heaven provide comprehensive topical reviews of discharge production of O$_2$(a) and various EOIL studies. The highest gain in an EOIL device reported to date is 0.30% / cm, and the highest output power reported is 538 W. Over the past five years of research and development of the EOIL device, higher performance and efficiency have been consistently obtained by moving towards higher operating flow rates and pressures.
# Office of The Industrial Tribunals and The Fair Employment Tribunal

The Office of the Industrial Tribunals and Fair Employment Tribunal (OITFET) is a Government body in Northern Ireland which is responsible for the facilitation of employment tribunals. Industrial tribunals are independent judicial bodies in Northern Ireland that hear and determine claims to do with employment matters. These include a range of claims relating to unfair dismissal, breach of contract, wages and other payments as well as discrimination on the grounds of sex, race discrimination, disability discrimination, sexual orientation, age, part-time working and equal pay. The Fair Employment Tribunal is an independent judicial body in Northern Ireland that hears and determines complaints of discrimination on the grounds of religious belief or political opinion. It is staffed by 59 personnel responsible for the administration and organisation of the tribunals. The staff are provided by the Department for the Economy (DfE) and the team is led by the Secretary of the Tribunals.

## Industrial Tribunals

The jurisdiction of an industrial tribunal to hear and determine complaints is subject to Article 85 of the Fair Employment and Treatment (Northern Ireland) Order 1998.
Where a complaint has been made to the Fair Employment Tribunal of unlawful discrimination on the grounds of religious belief or political opinion and it appears that this complaint is one in respect of which:
** a complaint could be made to an industrial tribunal under any other statutory provision; or
** a complaint has been made to an industrial tribunal which has not been disposed of;
then the President or Vice President may direct that these matters shall be heard by the Fair Employment Tribunal and not by an industrial tribunal. For these purposes the Fair Employment Tribunal has the jurisdiction and powers of an industrial tribunal. Before such a direction is made however, a notice will be sent to those concerned, giving them an opportunity to show cause why such a direction should not be made.
Industrial Tribunals sit mainly in Belfast but in certain circumstances may use other centres throughout Northern Ireland.

## Fair Employment Tribunals

The Fair Employment Tribunal deals with claims of discrimination on the grounds of religious belief or political opinion.
The statutory regulations governing its proceedings are The Fair Employment Tribunal (Rules of Procedure) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005. Tribunals are like courts but are not as formal; for example, nobody wears a wig or a gown. However like a court it must act independently and cannot give legal advice. Almost all hearings are open to the public. The Fair Employment Tribunal sits in Belfast. Persons (or other bodies) bringing claims to a tribunal are known as claimants and those against whom such claims are brought are known as respondents.
# North of Scotland Newspapers

North of Scotland Newspapers (NOSN) is the trade name under which Scottish Provincial Press publishes two weekly newspapers, the John O'Groat Journal and the Caithness Courier, both serving the Caithness area in the Highland council area of Scotland. The two papers share one website.
The Groat is normally published on Fridays, and the Courier on Wednesdays.
The NOSN trade name has been in use since 1983, but the newspaper titles have histories stretching back into the 19th century. The Groat began as a Wick-centred paper, and the Courier as a Thurso-centred paper. Wick and Thurso were the only burghs in the former county of Caithness.
The Groat has a circulation of around 7,200,and the Courier around 5,700.
# Diospyros acuminata

Diospyros acuminata is a tree in the Ebony family which is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# Guaju River

The Guaju River is a river in Northeastern Brazil. It forms part of the border between the Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte states.
# Fay White

Fay White may refer to:
* Faye White (born 1978), English footballer
* Fay White (singer), Australian singer and songwriter
# Desudaba (planthopper)

Desudaba is a genus of bugs in the family Fulgoridae, tribe Poiocerini. Records are from Australia and New Guinea.

## Species

World Auchenorrhyncha Database lists:
* Desudaba aulica Stål, 1869
* Desudaba circe (Stål, 1863)
* Desudaba danae (Gerstaecker, 1895)
* Desudaba insularis Schmidt, 1911
* Desudaba maculata Distant, 1892
* Desudaba meridionalis Lallemand, 1928
* Desudaba modesta Jacobi, 1928
* Desudaba psittacus Walker, 1858 type species - type species
* Desudaba scylla Distant, 1888
# Diadochokinesia

Diadochokinesia or diadochokinesis is the ability to make antagonistic movements in quick succession, alternately bringing a limb into opposite positions, as of flexion and extension or of pronation and supination. Speech-language pathology defines it as the speed necessary to stop a determined motor impulse and substitute it with its opposite. The relative timing of this kind of movements is also called alternate motion rates (AMR) or sequential motor rates (SMR).
Loss of this ability, called dysdiadochokinesia, is a characteristic sign of cerebellar diseases. Many clinical tests may be employed to test for such disturbances.
* Alternating movements: Patient is told e.g. to pronate and supinate their hands in rapid succession, holding forearms vertically. In cerebellar diseases, the movements are irregular and inaccurate; in case of the pyramidal tract lesion the motion may be slowed or incomplete.
* Stewart-Holmes rebound sign: Patient tries to flex the elbow against applied resistance. When physician's grip is suddenly released, the patient should be able to deter it from rebounding. With cerebellar disease, the forearm may sway in several cycles. The patient may even strike themself if not guarded.
* Various instrumental techniques can be used to investigate speech motor skills, such as imaging movement transduction and point tracking.
# Olargues

Olargues (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.
Olargues is a good example of a French Medieval town. It was occupied by the Romans, the Vandals and the Visigoths. At the end of the 11th century the Jaur valley came under the authority of the Château of the Viscount of Minerve. The following centuries saw a succession of wars and epidemics, and it was not until the 18th century that Olargues became re-established. This was due to the prosperity of local agriculture and artisanal industry.

## Attractions
### Pont du Diable

The "Devil's Bridge" is said to date back to 1202 and is reputed to be the scene of transactions between the people of Olargues and the "devil". The old village is clustered around the belltower, which was formerly the main tower of the castle (Romanesque construction). The old shops have marble frontages and overhanging upper storeys. A museum of popular traditions and art is to be found in the stairs of the Commanderie.
# Jelenin svet

Jelenin svet (Jelena's World) is a 2008 independent documentary film written and directed by Tanja Brzaković, about former World No. 1 female tennis player, Jelena Janković.

## Background

The film follows Jelena Janković over a 14-month period, and includes tennis tournaments in Madrid and Berlin, as well as her visits to her home in Belgrade.
At the beginning of the documentary, Janković was ranked as third best tennis player in the world. The film follows her regime as she prepares for various meets, deals with maintaining her diet, trains, meets with fans, and begins her matches.

## Cast

* Jelena Janković as herself
* Snežana Janković as herself (Jelena's mother)
* Ricardo Sánchez as himself (Jelena's coach)
    In tennis matches:
* Anna Chakvetadze
* Elena Dementieva
* Justine Henin
* Ana Ivanovic
* Svetlana Kuznetsova

## Reception

When the film premiered in Belgrade on November 12, 2008, it outsold the James Bond film Quantum of Solace which opened there that same weekend, bumping the Bond film to second place in the Serbian box office.
In speaking about the film, Politika made note that full-length theatrically released documentary films about Serbian athletes are rare. They appreciated that Jelenin svet celebrated the efforts of one of the best among the best in the world, and that the film was able to document Jelena Janković's rise from third-best to world's best. They wrote that the film is dynamic, witty and cheerful in its portrait of Janković, and that it allows viewers to better understand the subject of the film.
# North of Superior Ojibwe dialect

North of Superior is a dialect of the Ojibwe language spoken on the north shore of Lake Superior in the area east of Lake Nipigon to Sault Ste Marie, Ontario. Communities include (east to west) Pic Mobert, Pic Heron, Pays Plat, Long Lac, Aroland, Rocky Bay, and Lake Helen, all in Ontario.

## Dialect features

The distinctiveness of North of Superior is reflected in a small number of "grammatical features and substantial lexical features." North of Superior is in the southern group of Ojibwe dialects, but also contains a mixture of Ojibwe northern dialect features. Communities such as Aroland and Long Lac that are in the northern part of the dialect area show more features found in northern dialects.
North of Superior Ojibwe is not included in Ethnologue.
# Dihydroprogesterone

Dihydroprogesterone may refer to:
* 5α-Dihydroprogesterone
* 5β-Dihydroprogesterone
* 20α-Dihydroprogesterone (20α-hydroxyprogesterone)
* 20β-Dihydroprogesterone (20β-hydroxyprogesterone)
* 3α-Dihydroprogesterone
* 3β-Dihydroprogesterone
* 17α,21-Dihydroprogesterone (11-deoxycortisol)
* 11β,21-Dihydroprogesterone (corticosterone)
# Edna Lumb

Edna Lumb (1931–1992) was a British artist specialising in industrial technology depicted in oils and prints. She was based in her home town of Leeds, UK but travelled around the UK, Europe and West Africa for inspiration and subjects for her art.

## Early life and education

Edna Isobel Lumb was born in Leeds, UK, on 14 August 1931 and was the youngest of the six children in her family. She studied at Leeds College of Art from 1948 until 1953. In 1951, financed by a travelling scholarship, she went to France and Spain. What she saw had an influence on her subsequent work.

## Life and work

After being awarded her National Diploma in Design, she taught unenthusiastically in secondary schools until 1964 when she became a full-time artist. She travelled around the UK and Europe while living in a van. She also painted aid programmes in West Africa in 1969, 1976 and 1977. Her works were commissioned by companies including Laing Properties, Sir Alfred McAlpine and Company and organisations including the National Audit Office. In the late 1970s she was commissioned to produce on-site paintings during the conversion of the Covent Garden flower market building into London Transport Museum. In later life she lived in Bath and Blackheath, London.
Her subjects were British urban and industrial life and her depictions of industrial equipment were particularly appreciated by the scientific community. She showed technical details but brought out the beauty and drama. This pioneered depiction of industrial landscapes, especially in Northern England. She worked in several media, including paint, prints and etchings.
She died on 28 April 1992.

## Exhibitions

Her first solo exhibition (Components of Power) was in 1973 which started at the Bradford Industrial Museum and was then transferred to the Science Museum in London. A retrospective of her work was shown in Bradford in 1991, shortly before her death. This was again shown in the Science Museum in London in 1992. Her exhibition Aspects of Dockland was held at the Bluecoat Chambers, Liverpool in 1975. In 2016 her work was shown at the Vernon Street Gallery in Leeds.

## Edna Lumb Travel Prize

There is an annual Edna Lumb Travel Prize available to art students studying at Leeds Beckett University. Funding for the award originally came from Lumb's will.

## Collections

Her works are held by Leeds Art Gallery, London Transport Museum, the Science Museum in London, Manchester City Art Galleries and Bradford Museums and galleries. Her archives are kept at Leeds Museums and Galleries.
# Otto Schulz

Otto Schulz may refer to:
* Otto Eugen Schulz (1874–1936), German botanist
* Otto Schulz (pilot) (1911–1942), German fighter pilot and flying ace of World War II
* Otto Schulz (admiral) (1900–1974), German Konteradmiral and sea commander
* Otto Schulz-Kampfhenkel (1910–1989), German geographer, explorer, writer and film producer
# Nydalahöjd

Nydalahöjd, sometimes called Nydalahöjden, is a residential area in Umeå, Sweden. It is located next to the lake Nydalasjön, about 4 km (2.5 mi) outside the central city.

## History

The name is derived from former governor Pehr Adam Stromberg's yard Nydala, which, however, was located further north than today's Nydalahöjd, on the northeastern edge of the current Mariehem.
Nydalahöjd was built in the early 1990s by AB Bostaden, a public housing company owned by Umeå Municipality. The area consists of rental apartments and many of them are student apartments intended for students at Umeå University and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Nydalahöjd consists of two streets; Istidsgatan and Rullstensgatan. Rullstensgatan consists mostly of student apartments.
# List of diseases (Q)

This is a list of diseases starting with the letter "Q".
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## See also

    Health
    Exercise
    Nutrition

## Q

* Q fever
* Qazi–Markouizos syndrome
* Quadrantanopia
* Quadriceps sparing myopathy
* Quadriceps tendon rupture
* Quadriparesis
* Quadriplegia
* Quebec platelet disorder
* Queensland tick typhus
* Quincke's edema
* Quinism
* Quinquaud's decalvans folliculitis
* Quinsy
# Vibeke Knudsen

Vibeke Knudsen (10 November 1948 – 18 December 2016) was a Norwegian diplomat. She served as Norway's ambassador to Colombia from 2009 to 2016. She also holds a dual accreditation, serving as Norway's ambassador to Ecuador from 2010. She also held diplomatic offices in Venezuela, Greece, Austria, and the Netherlands. A social anthropologist by profession, Knudsen obtained a master's degree at the University of Oslo in 1980. That same year, she joined the Foreign Ministry. She retired in September 2016.
Knudsen died on 18 December 2016 at the age of 68.
# Delftse Hout

Delftse Hout is a district in the northeast of Delft, Netherlands. Delftse Hout has about 300 inhabitants.
Delftse Hout is the location of the De Grote Plas, a lake with origins in the sand excavations performed to build new neighbourhoods in Delft. Swimming in the lake is usually allowed. Other destinations in the district are IKEA Delft, the Arboretum-Heempark Delft gardens, the Iepenhof Cemetery, a camping and a park.

## Public transport

Two lines currently operate within the area, with most stops only being served in the summer: Line 61 and line 64, providing great access to the district during the summer and a moderate access in the winter.
# Columbamine O-methyltransferase

In enzymology, a columbamine O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.118) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    S-adenosyl-L-methionine + columbamine $\rightleftharpoons$ S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + palmatine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and columbamine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and palmatine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:columbamine O-methyltransferase. This enzyme participates in alkaloid biosynthesis i.
# Woodyardville, Arkansas

Woodyardville (also Feltons Store) is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States.
# Tor-na-Dee Hospital

Tor-Na-Dee Hospital was a health facility at Milltimber, Aberdeen, Scotland.

## History

The hospital, which was established as part of an initiative by Dr Alexander Stewart to provide services to patients with rheumatism, opened as Deeside Hydropathic Hospital in November 1899. It became the Tor-Na-Dee Sanitorium (meaning Hill by the River Dee) in 1918.
An east wing was opened in 1920 and the hospital was acquired by the Red Cross in 1945. After joining the National Health Service in 1955, it became the Tor-Na-Dee Hospital in 1960. Further extensions included the Roxburghe House palliative care unit which opened in 1977 and a day care unit for cancer patients which opened in 1990. The hospital closed in 2002 and the building was subsequently converted into apartments as part of the Woodland Grove development.
From 1939 to 1957 the sanatorium was under the charge of Dr Robert Young Keers FRSE.
# MV Quinsam

The MV Quinsam is an automobile ferry operated by BC Ferries. It was built in 1982 by Vancouver Shipyards in Vancouver, British Columbia. The ferry was originally part of the Ministry of Transportation and Highways' (MoT) saltwater ferry fleet until 1985, when the MoT's saltwater ferries—including Quinsam—were transferred to BC Ferries.
Quinsam carries 70 cars and replaced the smaller MV Quinitsa (which carries fifty cars) on the Nanaimo ↔ Gabriola Island route, and then once again on the Vesuvius ↔ Crofton route in 2022.
Quinsam has few passenger amenities on board. On each side of the car deck, there are small passenger lounges where there is some seating, as well as washrooms and vending machines. In 2010, she underwent a $16 million mid-life upgrade where she received new engines and generators, a rebuilt pilothouse and passenger cabin, as well as steel replacement.
# Elaphropus cordicollis

Elaphropus cordicollis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Bruneau De Mire in 1966.
# Mustapha (1739 play)

Mustapha is a 1739 tragedy by the British writer David Mallet. It is based on Mustafa, the son of Ottoman ruler Suleiman the Magnificent.
The original cast included James Quin as Solyman, William Milward as Mustapha, Thomas Wright as Zanger, William Mills as Rustan, Richard Winstone as Mufti, William Havard as Achmet, Elizabeth Barry as Roxalana and Anna Marcella Giffard as Emira. The prologue was written by Mallet's friend James Thomson. The play was dedicated to Frederick, Prince of Wales who had become a popular symbol of the Patriot Whigs including Mallet and Thomson.
# Total fatty matter

Total fatty matter (TFM) is one of the most important characteristics describing the quality of soap and is always specified in commercial transactions. It is defined as the total amount of fatty matter, mostly fatty acids, that can be separated from a sample after splitting with a mineral acid, usually hydrochloric acid.
The fatty acids most commonly present in soap are oleic, stearic and palmitic acids, and pure, dry, sodium oleate has a TFM of 92.8%, while top quality soap noodles, now increasingly used for making soap tablets in small and medium-sized factories, are typically traded with a specification of TFM of 78% min., moisture 14% max. But besides moisture, finished commercial soap, especially laundry soap, also contains fillers used to lower its cost or confer special properties, plus emollients, preservatives, etc., making the TFM go as low as 50%. Fillers, which are usually dry powders, also make the soap harder, harsher on the skin, and with a greater tendency to become 'mushy' in water, so low TFM is usually associated with lower quality and hardness. In the past, and still in some countries today, soap with a TFM of 75% minimum was called Grade 1, 65% minimum was called Grade 2, and less than 60% was called Grade 3.