OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Síle Ní Chinnéide

Síle Ní Chinnéide (16 November 1900 – 8 June 1980) was an Irish-speaking historian and academic.

## Early life and education

Síle Ní Chinnéide was born Sheila Kennedy to physician and surgeon Dennis Kennedy and his wife Catherine (also written Katherine) Redmond in Waterford, Ireland. Ní Chinnéide was one of eight surviving children, four boys and four girls and she was a middle child. Ní Chinnéide got her education in University College Cork gaining a BA in 1923, a master's degree in 1925 and a Higher education certificate. She studied with James Hogan and completed her thesis on The Plantation of Ulster. She won a scholarship to travel and did well on the continent. She returned and got a position as a lecturer in History in University College Galway in 1927. She stayed with the University until 1970. She was promoted to Associate Professor in 1965 and remained until her retirement.

## Career

Uniquely at the time UCG only had women in the history department. Of the four women who earned their degrees within the National University of Ireland and were employed by the NUI as academic historians, only Ní Chinnéide had initially specialised in history. Ní Chinnéide contributed articles to newspapers and radio as well as publishing works on local and European history. She produced a very useful edition of the notebooks of Charles-Etienne Coquebert de Montbret, French consul to Ireland. She was co editor of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society journal as well as the Irish-language journal Galvia which she was instrumental in founding in 1954. She also helped found the National Irish Language Theatre, Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe.
Hired as part of the Free State's commitment to teaching through Irish, her first courses were a set of Irish lectureships in History, Economics and Mathematics. The University College Galway Act, 1929 increased the funding for staff proficient in Irish. She was a supporter of mandatory Irish policies and promoted economic history and believed in internal migration as a way to deal with the poverty seen in Gaeltacht regions. Ní Chinnéide was appointed to the Advisory Board of the New History of Ireland project. She was effective as a teacher and mentor but did not support the direction Irish history appeared to be taking, disagreeing with revisionist historians about conclusions made from elitist documentation. She was a nationalist and wrote politically as well as historically. Ní Chinnéide died ten years after her retirement, in 1980 and was buried in Rahoon cemetery, Galway.
# William Blackall Simonds

William Blackall Simonds (1761–1834) was a brewer and banker in the English town of Reading. He founded both H & G Simonds Brewery, which merged with other breweries to form Courage, Barclay, Simonds & Co in 1960, and J & C Simonds Bank, one of the precursors to Barclays bank.
Simonds came from a family with estates at Arborfield to the south-east of Reading, but his father, William Simonds senior, had moved to Reading to set up a malting business that later grew to include brewing. William senior married Mary Blackall, and William Blackall Simonds was their only son. He was probably born in Reading, with records showing that he was baptised at the Broad Street Independent Chapel in Reading on 13 August 1761.
When William senior died in 1782, William Blackall Simonds inherited his business. He married Elizabeth May, who was the heiress of Daniel May, the miller of Pangbourne, and the ward of Thomas May, the miller of Brimpton and founder of a brewery in Basingstoke. In 1789 Simonds acquired a site on the banks of the River Kennet, and commissioned the architect Sir John Soane to build a brewery and house on the site. The riverside site permitted transport of raw materials and finished product by barge, and was to continue to serve as a brewery until 1980.
In 1791, Simonds was co-founder of a bank in Reading's Market Place, in partnership with local businessmen Robert Micklem, John Stephens, and Robert Harris. His motivation in doing this was to help the brewery grow and to offer its output to a wider customer base. However this proved difficult, largely because local magistrates refused to issue licences for new public houses to sell his beer. As a consequence, Simonds decided to concentrate on his banking activities, and in 1814 he dissolved the original partnership and established a new family-run bank in partnership with his younger son Henry Simonds, and his cousins John Simonds and Charles Simonds. This bank was located in Reading's King Street and later became known as John Simonds, Charles Simonds & Co., Reading Bank.
Simonds served as mayor of Reading in 1816. He retired to London and then to Pangbourne, where he died on 13 January 1834 and was buried in the family plot in Hurst churchyard.
Simonds' descendants were involved in running both the brewery and bank for many years after his death. By the late 1860s the bank had branches in neighbouring towns from Basingstoke to High Wycombe. It was finally sold in 1913 to Barclays Bank, who continued to operate from its original King Street premises until 2008.
William Blackall Simonds' grandson George Blackall Simonds was a well known 19th century sculptor, who became chairman of the brewery in 1910. The brewery merged with the London breweries of Courage and Barclay Perkins in 1960. The merged company, known as Courage, Simonds and Barclay, continued to operate from Simonds' original location until 1980, when it moved to a new brewery on the southern outskirts of the town, close to the M4 motorway.
# William Daman

William Daman (or William Damon; died 1591) was a musician in England in the royal household of Elizabeth I. His few surviving compositions include an early setting of the Psalms to part-music.

## Life

Daman is thought to have been born in Liège (modern-day Belgium) around 1540 and came to England as a servant of Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset on his return from Rome in 1566. In November of that year Daman married Anne Derifield at St James Garlickhythe in London, and the parish register of St Peter le Poer shows entries for baptisms or burials of eight of their children from 1572 to 1585. From 1576 until his death he was in the royal household of Elizabeth I, where he was one of six musicians in a recorder consort that played dance music. He died in 1591, and was buried at St Peter le Poer on 26 March.

## Works

Daman was probably the earliest composer who set the Psalms in the vernacular to part-music. His work appeared first in 1579, printed by John Day, with a preface by Edward Hake, who relates how these compositions were secretly "gathered together from the fertile soyle of his honest frend, Guilielmo Daman", by one "John Bull, citezen and goldsmith of London", and how Bull "hasted forthwith of himself … to commit the same to the presse". The work appeared in four oblong quarto part-books, and is now of great rarity, the edition probably being bought up by the composer or his friends.
In 1591 another version of Daman's Psalms appeared from Thomas East's press. This work was published by William Swayne, and by him dedicated to Lord Burghley. In the preface to this work Swayne says that the former publication "not answering the expectation that many had of the auctor's skill, gave him occasion to take uppon him a new labour to recover the wrong his friend did in publishing that that was so done". The work appeared in two forms, in one of which the melody of the psalm is in the tenor part, in the other in the treble. Both versions are in four separate part-books.
The words of both the 1579 and 1591 editions are taken from Sternhold and Hopkins's version of the Psalms, but the contents of the two editions are not the same. Neither is entered in the register of the Stationers' Company. In the later publication Daman is styled "late one of her Majestie's Musitions".
Other surviving compositions include three instrumental works, one of which, a fantasia in six parts, was probably in the repertory of his recorder consort. A Miserere by Daman is preserved in the British Museum.
# Tube-based nanostructure

Tube-based nanostructures are nanolattices made of connected tubes and exhibit nanoscale organization above the molecular level.

## Lattices

Lattices are structures formed of arrays of uniformly sized cells. Ceramic lattice nanostructures have been formed using hollow tubes of titanium nitride (TiN). Using vertex-connected, tessellated octahedra with 7-nm hollow struts with elliptical cross-sections and wall thickness of 75-nm produced approximately cubic cells 100-nm on a side at a scale of up to 1 cubic millimeter. The material's relative density was of the order of 0.013 (similar to aerogels).
Compression experiments with multiple deformation cycles revealed tensile strengths of 1.75 GPa without failure.
The material was constructed from a digital design with direct laser writing onto a photopolymer using 2-photon lithography followed by conformal deposition of TiN using atomic layer deposition and a final etching to remove the polymer.
An earlier metallic tube lattice produced hollow tube nickel microlattices with a density of .9 milligram per cubic centimeter and complete recovery after compression exceeding 50% strain with energy absorption similar to elastomers. Young's modulus E scales with density as E ~ ρ2, in contrast to the E ~ ρ3 scaling observed for ultralight aerogels and carbon nanotube nanofoams with stochastic architecture. Hardness of 6 GPa and a modulus of 210 GPa were measured by nanoindentation and hollow tube compression experiments, respectively. These materials are fabricated by starting with a template formed by self-propagating photopolymer waveguide prototyping, coating the template by electroless nickel plating, and subsequently etching away the template.

## Organic nanostructures

Nanostructured hollow multilayered tubes can be created by combining layer-by-layer (LbL) and template leaching. Such materials are of particular interest for tissue engineering since they allow the precise control of physical and biochemical cues of implantable devices. The tubes are based on polyelectrolyte multilayer films. The final tubular structures can be characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), microscopy, swelling and mechanical tests, including dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in physiological simulated conditions. More robust films could be produced via chemical cross-linking with genipin. Water uptake decreases from about 390% to 110% after cross-linking. The cross-linked tubes are more suitable structures for cell adhesion and spreading. Potential applications include tissue engineering.
# William Christie (Unitarian)

William Christie (1748–1823) was a Scottish Unitarian writer, one of the earliest apostles of Unitarianism in Scotland and America.

## Life

Christie was a son of Thomas Christie, merchant and provost of Montrose, and uncle of Thomas Christie the political writer. He was born at Montrose, and educated at the grammar school there under his kinsman, Hugh Christie. He spent a few years in commerce at Montrose. Brought up a Presbyterian faith, he studied and adopted Unitarian doctrines, at a high social cost. Writing to Joseph Priestley in 1781 he stated that, so great was his unpopularity, that he did not suppose any Scottish minister would baptise his children. By Priestley's mediation, Caleb Rotheram of Kendal visited Montrose to perform the rite.
About 1782 he, with a few friends of similar opinions, founded a Unitarian church at Montrose, of which he became the minister. This was the first Unitarian congregation established in Scotland. From December 1783 to May 1785 he had as his colleague Thomas Fyshe Palmer. He retired from business, and went to live in seclusion at Woodston, about six miles from Montrose. In 1794 he accepted the invitation of the Unitarian congregation at Glasgow to become their minister. He there delivered sermons which he later published under the title of ‘Dissertations on the Unity of God,’ and issued proposals for the publication of a series of lectures on the Revelation of St. John, but the project met with no encouragement. He remained at Glasgow just over a year. Unitarianism and Unitarians were extremely unpopular in Scotland, and in August 1795 he followed his friend and correspondent Priestley to America. There he met with troubles caused to some extent by his combative views.
After periods at Winchester, Virginia and Northumberland, Pennsylvania, where he delivered an address at Dr. Priestley's funeral on 9 February 1804, he settled in Philadelphia, where for some time he was the minister of a small Unitarian congregation. The last years of his life were passed in retirement, and were devoted to theological study.
He died at Long Branch, New Jersey, on 21 November 1823. Of his eight children three only survived him.

## Works

In 1784 he published the most popular of his works, Discourses on the Divine Unity. His other main works are:
* ‘An Essay on Ecclesiastical Establishments in Religion, showing their Hurtful Tendency. … By a Protestant Dissenter,’ Montrose, 1791.
* ‘A Farewell Discourse to the Society of Unitarian Christians at Montrose,’ Montrose, 1794.
* ‘A Serious Address to the Inhabitants of Winchester on the Unity of God and Humanity of Christ,’ Winchester, Virginia, 1800.
* ‘A Speech delivered at the Grave of the Rev. Joseph Priestley,’ Northumberland, Pennsylvania, 1804.
* ‘Dissertations on the Unity of God,’ Philadelphia, 1810.
* ‘A Review of Dr. Priestley's Theological Works, appended to the Memoirs of Dr. P.,’ London, 1806–7.
Christie was also a contributor to the Christian Reformer, Monthly Repository and the ‘Winchester (Va.) Gazette,’ ‘Northumberland (Pa.) Gazette,’ and ‘Democratic Press’ (Philadelphia).
# Laukvik

Laukvik or Laukvika may refer to:

## Places

* Laukvik, Agder, a village in Risør Municipality in Agder county, Norway
* Laukvik, Finnmark, a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway
* Laukvik, Nordland, a village in Vågan municipality in Nordland county, Norway
* Laukvik, Tjeldsund, a village in Tjeldsund Municipality in Nordland county, Norway
* Laukvik, Troms, a village in Senja Municipality in Troms county, Norway
# TTS Port of Spain

TTS Port of Spain, named after the capital of Trinidad and Tobago, Port of Spain, is a Cape-class patrol boat of the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard.
The $126 million contract to build two Cape-class patrol boats for the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard was awarded to Austal in 2019. The two boats, Port of Spain and Scarborough, where delivered in May 2021 and reached Trinidad and Tobago on 7 July that year.
The two vessels were commissioned into the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard in November 2021 by the prime minister of Trinidad and Tobago, Keith Rowley. Delivery of the ships had been expected in 2020 but had been delayed because of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
# TTSS

The abbreviation TTSS may refer to:
* Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy, a novel by John le Carré
** Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (miniseries), a 1979 miniseries based on the novel
** Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (film), a 2011 film based on the novel
* Type three secretion system, a protein appendage found in several gram-negative bacteria
# Laurence Madin

Laurence Madin is an American Marine biologist. He is featured in an exhibit at the New England Aquarium for his work on salps, which are chordate jellyfish. He is currently executive vice president and director of research of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI).
Madin grew up in northern California, and received a bachelor's degree from the University of California at Berkeley, and a Ph.D. from University of California at Davis. He started research on plankton in the 1970s. He was chair of WHOI's Biology Department, and director of its Ocean Life Institute, before becoming its acting director, and later director, of research.
Madin is the author of many scholarly articles about salps and other sea creatures, especially their impact on the environment.
He was also chief scientist for a National OAA expedition to the Celebes Sea.
# Tugen

Tugen may refer to:
* the Tugen people
* the Tugen language
* the Tugen Hills
# Tagsdorf

Tagsdorf (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.
# Tagriss

Tagriss is a village and rural commune in Niger. As of 2012, it had a population of 53,925.
# Tuyu Township

Tuyu Township (simplified Chinese: 土峪乡; traditional Chinese: 土峪鄉; pinyin: Tǔyù Xiāng) is a township in Lan County, Lüliang, Shanxi, China. As of 2020, it has eight villages under its administration:
* Tuyu Village
* Xituyu Village (西土峪村)
* Dianshang Village (店上村)
* Qingshuihe Village (清水河村)
* Chenjiazhuang Village (陈家庄村)
* Dingziping Village (丁字坪村)
* Huqinshe Village (胡琴舍村)
* Huangqian Village (黄签村)
# Tuscan Dairy Farms

Tuscan Dairy Farms is an American dairy company, headquartered in Roebling, New Jersey, and owned by Dairy Farmers of America.

## History and operations

Founded in 1918 by Louis Borinsky, Tuscan Dairy Farms began as a family-run distribution operation, delivering dairy products door to door on routes throughout Union and Essex counties in New Jersey. Tuscan Dairy Farms produces fluid milk and dairy by-products which are available to supermarkets, general wholesale, and food service outlets throughout the Northeastern United States.
Tuscan Dairy Farms reached internet phenomenon status on August 9, 2006, when The New York Times published an article relating to users of YTMND.com leaving humorous reviews on a gallon of "Tuscan Whole Milk" available on Amazon.com.
# Cotana lunulata

Cotana lunulata is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1904. It is found in New Guinea.
The wingspan is about 45–54 mm. Females are very similar to those of Cotana meeki, but are paler and more rufescent on the wings, while the postdiscal white bands are much narrower.
# Waynesborough

Waynesborough, also known as the Gen. Anthony Wayne House, is a historic house museum at 2049 Waynesborough Road in Easttown Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Built in 1724 and repeatedly enlarged, it was for many years the home of American Revolutionary War general Anthony Wayne (1745–1796). A National Historic Landmark, it is now a museum operated by the Philadelphia Society for the Preservation of Landmarks, offering tours and event rentals.

## Description and history

Waynesborough is located about 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the center of Paoli, on the north side of Waynesborough Road. It is a roughly U-shaped stone structure, the main block 2+1⁄2 stories in height and covered by a gabled roof. It is five bays wide, with a center entrance sheltered by a gabled hood. The roof has two gabled dormers to the front and three to the rear, with two interior stone chimneys. Lower two-story wings extend toward the rear on the right side and to the left on the left side. The left (west) wing is the oldest portion of the house.
The oldest portion of the house was built by Wayne's grandfather, Captain W. M. Wayne, in 1724. Captain Wayne's son enlarged the house in 1765 and a wing was added in 1812. It was at Waynesborough that Anthony Wayne was born in 1745, and it was his home for all but the last five years of his life. Wayne continued his father's farm and tannery, and became involved in the Patriot cause early in the American Revolution. He distinguished himself as a military leader in the American Revolutionary War for his brash and sometimes risky maneuvers, winning him the moniker "Mad" Anthony. He died in what is now Erie, Pennsylvania, while leading troops in the aftermath of the Northwest Indian War.
The Waynesborough property remained in the hands of Wayne's direct descendants until 1965, and was in 1980 transferred to a local preservation group. The Philadelphia Society for the Preservation of Landmarks now manages the property, and offers tours from mid-March through December on Thursday through Sunday.

## Gallery

* Waynesborough, front view, circa 1919
* Waynesborough, rear view in 1960
# Güzelyurt, Çorum

Güzelyurt is a village in the Çorum District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 97 (2022).
# Stornoway Town Hall

Stornoway Town Hall is a former municipal building on South Beach in Stornoway, Isle of Lewis, Scotland. The town hall, which was the headquarters of Stornoway Town Council, is a Category B listed building.

## History

Proposals for a town hall in Stornoway, to be funded by public subscription, were first considered by the town council in 1897. The foundation stone for the new building was laid by Major Duncan Matheson of Lews Castle in August 1903. It designed by John Robertson of Inverness in the Gothic Revival style and opened by the former Prime Minister, the Earl of Rosebery, on 7 September 1905. After the original structure was gutted by fire on 2 March 1918, it was rebuilt in the same style and re-opened by the President of the Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Thomas Bassett Macaulay, who was a member of the Macaulay family of Lewis and a prominent contributor to the rebuilding fund, in 1929.
The design involved a symmetrical frontage with eleven bays facing South Beach; the central section featured a round-headed doorway on the ground floor flanked by turreted bays; there were four triple windows, each with an ogee moulding, on the first floor; the building also turreted corner bays and a central clock tower with a cupola. Internally, the principal room was the public hall, which was in the centre of the building, lying parallel to the main frontage.
The clock tower gained some fame from the song Lovely Stornoway which was sung by Calum Kennedy in the 1960s.
The building served as the headquarters of Stornoway Town Council until it was absorbed into Comhairle nan Eilean Siar in 1975. The building was then used as the home of the arts centre, An Lanntair, until October 2005 when the centre moved to a purpose-built facility on the seafront. The town hall was then extensively refurbished for £2.1 million, with financial support from Comhairle nan Eilean Siar, the Heritage Lottery Fund and Historic Scotland, to the designs of architects, Simpson & Brown, and was re-opened for community use in March 2012. The refurbishment works included the reinstatement of the original fourteen roof lights in the main hall, so providing natural lighting to the room, as well as the removal of the stage in the main hall, so revealing three stained glass windows in the western gable and providing additional natural light.
The Earl and Countess of Wessex visited the town hall and met local leaders of the Duke of Edinburgh's Award scheme in May 2014.