OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Diederik Grit

Diederik Christoph Grit (1949–2012) was a Dutch translator and translation scholar.

## Life

Born in Groningen on 22 March 1949, Grit moved to Friesland in his early teens and was educated in the Drachtster Lyceum. He went on to study Dutch at the University of Groningen, taking Danish and Norwegian as minors. After graduating he taught Dutch in a secondary school until 1979, when he became lecturer in Dutch at the University of Copenhagen, where he began compiling a bibliography of Dutch translations of Danish literature, published in 1986 as Dansk skønlitteratur i Nederland og Flandern 1731-1982. Bibliografi over oversaettelser og studier. His main research interest at this period was the reception of Danish literature in the Netherlands, and of Dutch literature in Denmark.
In 1982 he returned to the Netherlands, to teach at the Maastricht School of Translation, where he became known as a Dutch expert on the translation of realia. In 1994 he completed a doctorate at Maastricht University on the literary relations between the Netherlands and Scandinavia, Driewerf zalig Noorden - Over literaire betrekkingen tussen de Nederlanden en Scandinavië. He was a prolific book reviewer, particularly for the Tijdschrift voor Skandinavistiek. In the year 2000 he stopped teaching to become a full-time translator, translating both documents and works of literature. He translated ten books in collaboration with Edith Koenders, including the letters of Søren Kierkegaard. In 2006 the Leonora Christina Foundation awarded them the Amy van Marken translation prize for their translation of Thorkild Hansen's Arabia Felix.
Grit died in Maastricht on 6 March 2012.

## Works
### Studies

* Dansk skønlitteratur i Nederland og Flandern 1731-1982. Bibliografi over oversaettelser og studier (1986)
* Driewerf zalig Noorden - Over literaire betrekkingen tussen de Nederlanden en Scandinavië (1994)

### Translations

* Åsne Seierstad, De boekhandelaar van Kaboel, Breda 2003. A translation of The Bookseller of Kabul.
* Erling Jepsen, Vreselijk gelukkig, Amsterdam 2008 (with Edith Koenders). A translation of Terribly Happy.
* Thorkild Hansen, Jens Munk, Breda 2008 (with Edith Koenders).
* Søren Kierkegaard, Brieven Gorredijk 2009 (with Edith Koenders).
* Erling Jepsen, Met oprechte deelneming, Amsterdam 2010 (with Edith Koenders). A translation of The Art of Crying
# Nam Wan Kok

Nam Wan Kok (Chinese: 南灣角) is a cape in the southeast corner of Tsing Yi Island, Hong Kong. Its coast was reclaimed and became Container Terminal 9. The Nam Wan Tunnel and Stonecutters Bridge meet there.
The Chinese name of Nam Wan Kok means the cape of Tai Nam Wan, a bay beside the cape.
22°19′54″N 114°06′17″E﻿ / ﻿22.3318°N 114.1046°E﻿ / 22.3318; 114.1046
* This New Territories location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Commonwealth v. Welansky

Commonwealth v. Welansky, 316 Mass. 383, 55 N.E.2d 902 (1944), is a criminal case about the Cocoanut Grove fire that illustrates principles of negligent homicide and reckless homicide in the case where there is not an affirmative act, but a failure to act (omission) when there is a duty of care.
Barnett Welansky was found guilty of wanton or reckless homicide in the Cocoanut Grove fire. Welansky maintained and operated the Cocoanut Grove nightclub, knew or should have known that the club fire escapes were inadequate and in violation of building safety codes, and while Welansky was offsite, the building caught fire and hundreds could not escape and died.
The court wrote:
   To convict the defendant of manslaughter... It was enough to prove that death resulted from his wanton or reckless disregard of the safety of his patrons in the event of fire from any cause... Usually wanton or reckless conduct consists of an affirmative act... in disregard of probable harmful consequences to another. But whereas there is a duty of care for the safety of business visitors invited to premises which the defendant controls, wanton or reckless conduct may consist of intentional failure to take such care in disregard of the probable harmful consequences to them or of their right of care.
# Nanur Airport

Nanur Airport is an airport in the Wadi Maymun Darraj region of Libya, located approximately 200 km south-southeast of Tripoli in the Libyan desert. Although listed as a civil airport, it appears to function as a reserve Libyan Air Force airfield. It comprises a long runway with a parallel taxiway and a parking ramp. There are no permanent structures visible, nor are there any production oilfields in the area.

## World War II

During World War II the airfield, then known as Darragh Airfield was used as a military airfield by the United States Army Air Force Ninth Air Force 57th Fighter Group during the North African Campaign against Axis forces. The 57th flew P-40 Warhawks from the airfield between 19 January-3 March 1943 before moving forward with the British Eighth Army.
The current airfield appears to be overlaid on its World War II predecessor facility.
# Naile Sultan

Naile Sultan may refer to:
* Naile Sultan (daughter of Abdulmejid I) (1856-1882), Ottoman Princess
* Naile Sultan (daughter of Abdul Hamid II) (1884-1957), Ottoman Princess
# Coming Down (album)

Coming Down is the first solo album by former Bauhaus, Tones on Tail, and Love and Rockets guitar player Daniel Ash, released by Beggars Banquet in September 1990. The first single, "This Love", was a number two hit on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart in the United States. Natasha Atlas sings on many of the album's tracks.
The album peaked at No. 109 on the Billboard 200.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| Entertainment Weekly | A− |
| MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide | |
| Q | |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Entertainment Weekly called the album "insidiously listenable — all thick, pulsating drums and sinewy melodies, topped by Ash’s studio-processed and thus inhuman-sounding vocals." Trouser Press wrote that the album "takes off in a bunch of different directions, from sedate cocktail swing to low-key salsa (!) to somber atmospherics to jittering dance noise." The Buffalo News praised the "furtive, moody, electronically draped reflections on reality and romance." Q described it as "sometimes playful, sometimes moody tinkering [that] is for close friends and relatives only".

## Track listing

* "Blue Moon" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart)
* "Coming Down Fast"
* "Walk This Way" (Ash, Tito Puente)
* "Closer to You"
* "Day Tripper" (John Lennon, Paul McCartney)
* "This Love"
* "Blue Angel"
* "Me and My Shadow" (Dave Dreyer, Billy Rose, Al Jolson)
* "Candy Darling"
* "Sweet Little Liar"
* "Not So Fast"
* "Coming Down"

## Personnel

* Bass - Daniel Ash (tracks: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 to 11)
* Producer - Daniel Ash, John Fryer (tracks: 2, 3, 5, 7 to 9, 12), John A. Rivers (tracks: 6, 10)
* Vocals - Natacha Atlas (tracks: 1, 3 to 8, 11, 12)
* Vocals, guitar - Daniel Ash
# Abdul Momin Chowdhury

Abdul Momin Chowdhury (22 January 1940 – 9 February 2024) was a Bangladeshi historian and academic. He was the Vice-chancellor of the National University of Bangladesh and Primeasia University, Bangladesh. He also served as the President of the Bangladesh History Association and the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.

## Background

Chowdhury was born to Abdul Wadud Chowdhury and Shirin Begum in 1940. He passed Matriculation from Armanitola Government High School, Dhaka in 1954 and I.A. from Dhaka College, Dhaka in 1956. He completed a B.A. (Honours) and an M.A. in history in 1959 and 1960 respectively from the University of Dhaka. He achieved a Ph.D. from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London in 1965. He did post-doctoral research at SOAS from 1975 to 1976 as a Commonwealth Fellow. He spent an academic year (2013–2014) at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S., as a visiting scholar with a Senior Fulbright Fellowship.
Chowdhury died on 9 February 2024, at the age of 84.

## Career

Chowdhury started his teaching career as a lecturer of history at the University of Dhaka in 1961. He became a professor in 1978 and served there until 2013. In a long professional career, he was the Chairman of the Department of History, Librarian (in addition to teaching), Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Member of the Syndicate and Senate at the University of Dhaka.
Chowdhury was associated with various learned professional organizations. He served as the General Secretary and President of the Bangladesh History Association. He was President of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (ASB), as well. He was a respected Fellow of that society.
Chowdhury served as the vice-chancellor of the National University of Bangladesh and Primeasia University, Bangladesh.

## Works

Chowdhury wrote a number of books and published more than 40 research articles in national and international journals. One of his widely acclaimed books is Dynastic History of Bengal (750-1200 A.D.), Asiatic Society of Pakistan, Dacca, 1967.
# Dieter Jung

Dieter Jung may refer to:
* Dieter Jung (fencer)
* Dieter Jung (artist)
# Nancy Salisbury

Nancy Salisbury R.S.C.J. (May 15, 1930 – September 27, 2004) was an American Roman Catholic religious sister, educator and academic. Salisbury entered the Religious of the Sacred Heart in 1952 and professed her final vows in 1960.

## Education

Salisbury was educated at a Sacred Heart Academy in Overbrook, Philadelphia. She went on to earn a B.A. degree in history from Manhattanville College in 1952 and a M.S. degree in mathematics from the University of Detroit in 1968.

## Career

Salisbury was the longtime headmistress of New York's oldest independent school for girls, the Convent of the Sacred Heart. In her two decades as headmistress, starting in 1980, she overhauled the school's curriculum, upgraded its facilities and nearly doubled its enrollment. In 1990, the school received a Blue Ribbon Award for Academic Excellence from the United States Department of Education. She previously taught at Sacred Heart schools in Grosse Pointe, Michigan and Greenwich, Connecticut.
Salisbury was also vice chairwoman of the board of the New York State Association of Independent Schools (NYSAIS) and headed its accreditation commission. After retiring in 2000, she was a mentor to her congregation's novices in Chicago. She sat on the boards of Sacred Heart schools in Albany, Miami, and Greenwich.

## Death

She died in Atherton, California, aged 74, from respiratory failure after a kidney infection.
# Jihan

Jihan or jihane

## Jihan

* Jihan Malla, Lebanese television personality and voice actress
* Jihan El-Tahri, Egyptian writer
* Jihan Wali, Guantanamo detainee
* Jihan Wu, Chinese cryptocurrency entrepreneur and billionaire
* Jihan Zencirli (born 1985), Turkish-American conceptual artist and sculpture artist
* Jihan (born 2004), stage name of Han Ji-hyo from K-Pop group Weeekly

## Jihane

* Jihane Almira Chedid (born 2000), Indonesian People's Consultative Assembly Ambassador, actress, fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder
* Jihane Samlal (born 1983), Moroccan slalom canoer
# Differentiation (linguistics)

Differentiation in semantics is defined by Löbner (2002) as a meaning shift reached by "adding concepts to the original concepts". His example is James Joyce is hard to understand, where understand is differentiated from "perceiving the meaning" to "interpret the text meaning".
A related meaning shift is metonymy, where one builds a new concept out of an element of the original concept. In the example mentioned, James Joyce most likely refers to "the work of James Joyce" and not to the author – a metonymical shift. If the name were to refer to the man, understand would be differently differentiated, perhaps one would read it as "interpret the speech articulation" or "comprehend the actions" of the person James Joyce.
Meaning shifts are very common among language users, and allow for great flexibility of word usage. It is not to be confused with lexical ambiguity though, words as uttered in a context may have perfectly precise meanings even though in varying contexts they may be used to express widely different meanings.
# The Head of the Family (1928 film)

The Head of the Family is a 1928 American silent comedy film directed by Joseph Boyle and starring William Russell, Mickey Bennett and Virginia Lee Corbin.

## Cast

* William Russell as The Plumber
* Mickey Bennett as His Assistant
* Virginia Lee Corbin as Alice Sullivan
* Richard Walling as Charley Sullivan
* Alma Bennett as Mabel Manning
* William Welsh as Daniel Sullivan
* Aggie Herring as Maggie Sullivan
# Nanning Mosque

The Nanning Mosque (simplified Chinese: 南宁清真寺; traditional Chinese: 南寧清真寺; pinyin: Nánníng Qīngzhēnsì) is a mosque in Xingning District, Nanning City, Guangxi, China.

## History

The mosque was originally built from 1644 to 1661 during the reign of the Qing Dynasty Shunzhi Emperor. In 1717, the mosque was relocated to its current location. The mosque was closed and destroyed during the Cultural Revolution in 1966–1976 and was rebuilt in 1981.

## Architecture

The mosque is a three-story building which covers an area of 1,890 m$^2$ which can accommodate around 200 people. It has Arabic style with conical roof and arch-style doors and windows. The first floor is used for restaurant area. The second floor is used for meeting room, office room and dormitory room. The third floor is the prayer hall.
# Jing's Note

Jing's Note (Chinese: 倫語錄) is Singaporean Mandopop artist Wong JingLun's debut Mandarin solo studio album. It was released on 14 November 2008 by Warner Music Taiwan. A second edition was released on 12 December 2008, Jing's Note (Wish Your Love MV Limited Edition) (倫語錄 Wish Your Love 影音限定版) with a bonus DVD containing three music videos, and other behind-the-scene footage.

## Track listing

* "每日一句" (Every day a Sentence)
* "月光" (Moonlight)
* "缺席" (Absent)
* "明天再說" (Talk about it Tomorrow)
* "慢半拍" (Half-Beat Slower)
* "我的天" (Oh My God)
* "懶" (Lazy)
* "走音" (Off-Key)
* "白日夢" (Daydream)
* "傻裡傻氣" (Silly)

## Music videos

* "缺席" (Absent) MV
* "月光" (Moonlight) MV - feat Chie Tanaka
* "慢半拍" (Half-Beat Slower) MV - feat Xiao Xun of Hey Girl
# Abdel Khaliq al-Rikabi

Abdel Khaliq al-Rikabi is an Iraqi author. He is one of the few major Iraqi authors to have resisted emigration. He is best known for his novel Seventh Day of Creation.
# Digital effect

A digital effect may refer to:
* A visual effect, created for visual medium such as television or film
* A sound effect, created digitally to alter existing sounds
* A digital effects unit to alter musical instrument sound
# Jimmy the Hand

Jimmy the Hand may refer to:
* Jimmy the Hand (novel), by Raymond E. Feist
* Jimmy the Hand (fictional character), a character from the above and other novels by Feist
# Napaleonas Kitkauskas

Kazys Napoleonas Kitkauskas (born 1931) is a Lithuanian restoration architect, construction engineer, and cultural activist.

## Awards

* 1990: Lithuanian National Prize
* 1995: Officer's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
* 1999: Commander's Cross of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas
# Abacomorphus

Abacomorphus is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:
* Abacomorphus asperulus Fauvel, 1882
* Abacomorphus caledonicus (Montrouzier, 1860)
# Abacomancy

Abacomancy, also known as Amathomancy (from the Greek word "amathos" meaning sand) a form of divination based on the interpretation of the patterns in dust, dirt, silt, sand, or the ashes of the recently deceased. Reading the patterns is believed to give some insight into the future. Readers drop the dirt, sand, or ashes on a flat surface and start looking for a pattern that may represent symbols or pictures. They interpret these symbols and pictures to what is going to happen in the future. Some look for certain symbols that are seen over and over. Jackson Pollock, renowned painter, was famous for his series of paintings on abacomancy, which focused on the patterns in the paintings he made to foretell the future.
# Commonwealth Land Party (UK)

The Commonwealth Land Party was a Stoke based political party in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1919 by J. W. Graham Peace and R. L. Outhwaite as the Commonwealth League, and was initially associated with the Independent Labour Party. It campaigned for the redistribution of land and the abolition of all taxation other than land rent.
Outhwaite was a former Liberal Member of Parliament who had sat for Hanley from 1912 to 1918 and a passionate advocate of the single tax policy. He had some success in persuading Liberal Chancellor of the Exchequer, David Lloyd George to adopt aspects of his views into the Liberal Party Land Campaign. However, land reform took a back seat at the outbreak of World War One.
The group renamed itself the "Commonwealth Land Party" in 1923. It had two candidates run in the 1931 general election, Arthur Rowland-Entwhistle at Burslem and Graham Peace himself at Hanley. Peace died in 1947, after which it was again renamed, as the Common Land Party. It was ultimately disbanded in 1954.

## Results at the 1931 UK general election

| Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Position |
| Burslem | Arthur Rowland-Entwhitle | 401 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Hanley | J. W. Graham Peace | 946 | 2.7 | 3 |
# Jikkyō World Soccer 2002

Jikkyō World Soccer 2002 (実況ワールドサッカー 2002, Jikkyō Wārudo Sakkā 2002) is a sports video game published in 2002 by Konami for Xbox, GameCube, and PlayStation 2. It was released in America and Europe as International Superstar Soccer 2.

## Reception

On release, Famitsu magazine scored the GameCube version of the game a 32 out of 40, and gave the PlayStation 2 version a 30 out of 40.
# Absonus

Absonus is a genus of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Orbitestellidae .

## Species

* Absonus primus Rubio & Rolán, 2021
# Absorbable gelatin sponge

An absorbable gelatin sponge is a sterile hemostatic agent composed of purified porcine-derived gelatin. In regional chemotherapy, absorbable gelatin sponge may be used to embolize arteries in the region of a tumor in order to block or retard blood flow; this blockage results in a locally increased concentration of chemotherapeutic agents delivered to the tumor when chemotherapeutic agents are infused into the embolized arterial circulation upstream of the blockage. It is sometimes soaked with buprenorphine.
# Jiří Sosna

Jiří Sosna (born 19 January 1960) is a Czech former judoka. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Comedian (disambiguation)

A comedian is an entertainer who performs in a comic manner, especially by telling jokes.
Comedian or comedians may also refer to:

## Films

* Comedienne (film), a 1923 film
* Comedians (1925 film), a German silent film
* The Comedians (1941 film), a 1941 film
* Comedians (1954 film), a Spanish drama film
* The Comedians (1967 film), a 1967 film based on the novel by Graham Greene
* Comedian (film), a 2002 documentary focused on Jerry Seinfeld
* The Comedian (2012 film), a 2012 film
* The Comedian (2016 film), a 2016 film starring Robert De Niro
* Comedian (character), a fictional character in the 2009 film Watchmen and the graphic novel series upon which it is based

## Television

* The Comedian (Playhouse 90), a 1957 live drama written by Rod Serling and directed by John Frankenheimer
* The Comedians (1971 TV series), a British television show of the 1970s and mid-1980s
* The Comedians (2015 TV series), a 2015 FX comedy starring Billy Crystal and Josh Gad
* Comedians (Beavis and Butt-Head), an episode of the TV series Beavis and Butt-Head
* "The Comedian" (episode), 2019 episode of the television series The Twilight Zone

## Music

* The Comedians (Kabalevsky), a 1940 concert suite by Dmitry Kabalevsky
* The Comedians (Glière), Op. 68, a ballet written by Reinhold Glière in 1922 and revised in 1930 and 1935, also arranged into two orchestral suites
* Eddie Murphy: Comedian, a 1983 album by American entertainer Eddie Murphy
* "Comedian", a song by Devon Welsh from the 2018 album Dream Songs
* "Comedian", a song by Telenova from the 2021 EP Tranquilize
* "The Comedians", a song by Elvis Costello from the album Goodbye Cruel World

## Others

* The Comedians (novel), a 1966 novel by Graham Greene
* Comedians (play), a 1975 play by Trevor Griffiths
* Comedian (comics), a character from the 1986 comic book series Watchmen
* Comedian (artwork), a banana taped to a wall with duct tape by Maurizio Cattelan
* List of comedians
# Aberdeen High School

Aberdeen High School may refer to:

## Canada

* Aberdeen High School (New Brunswick), Moncton, New Brunswick

## United States

* Aberdeen High School (Idaho), Aberdeen, Idaho
* Aberdeen High School (Maryland), Aberdeen, Maryland
* Aberdeen High School (Mississippi), Aberdeen, Mississippi
* Aberdeen High School (Washington), Aberdeen, Washington
* Central High School (Aberdeen, South Dakota)
# Aberdeen Historic District

Aberdeen Historic District may refer to several places in the United States:
* Aberdeen Downtown Historic District, Aberdeen, Mississippi, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in Monroe County, Mississippi
* North Aberdeen Historic District, Aberdeen, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Monroe County, Mississippi
* South Central Aberdeen Historic District, Aberdeen, Mississippi, listed on the NRHP in Monroe County, Mississippi
* Aberdeen Historic District (Aberdeen, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in Moore County, North Carolina
* Aberdeen Commercial Historic District, Aberdeen, South Dakota, listed on the NRHP in Brown County, South Dakota
* Aberdeen Highlands Historic District, Aberdeen, South Dakota, listed on the NRHP in Brown County, South Dakota
* Aberdeen Historic District (Aberdeen, South Dakota), NRHP-listed
# Community Programme Unit

The Community Programme Unit was established by the BBC to help members of the public create programmes to be broadcast nationally.
The unit was established in 1972 by producers such as Rowan Ayers having won the approval of the Director of Programmes David Attenborough for a series of ten programmes called Open Door for BBC 2. The first programme was broadcast on 2 April 1973.
Open Door evolved into Open Space which by the end of the 1980s was receiving up to twenty proposals from the public for programmes every week. These proposals were evaluated by the CPU's staff three or four times a year and a shortlist of six to eight potential programmes to fill the next series was drawn up. The programmes would usually highlight a group or point of view that was under-represented or misrepresented in British broadcasting,
With the increased availability and quality of domestic video equipment the CPU began to compile and broadcast a series of Video Diaries which in turn evolved into Video Nation.
The Community Programme Unit suffered from budget cuts at the BBC and had been disbanded by 2004.