OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Bamborough

John Bernard Bamborough (3 January 1921 – 13 February 2009) was a British scholar of English literature and founding Principal of Linacre College, Oxford.
Bamborough was educated at The Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School in Elstree, Hertfordshire and at New College, Oxford. After serving five years in the Royal Navy during World War II he returned to Oxford as a Fellow of first New College and then Wadham College, where between 1947 and 1961 he was in succession Dean, Domestic Bursar and Senior Tutor.
Bamborough left Wadham to embark on an ambitious project that was to change the shape of the University. As recounted by a former student:
   In the early 1960s, the University of Oxford was struggling to come to terms with the advent of a growing and strange new group of 'students'—graduate students, neither the undergraduates nor the dons with which it was familiar—who were often foreign to both the country and its traditions. A 'graduate' college was mooted and found a building. It needed an inspired touch: a young head, a scholar ... someone acquainted with university administration—and preferably possessing real personality. John Bamborough—always known to all and sundry as 'Bam' for as long as I've known—was clearly the man.
The outcome was Linacre College (initially Linacre House), the first Oxford University college to accept only graduate students and the first to admit men and women on an equal basis. Bamborough had the central role in establishing and nurturing the new institution and he remained its Principal until 1988, also serving within the university administration as a member of the Hebdomadal Council from 1961 to 1979 and as Chairman of the General Board of the Faculties from 1964 to 1967. He is fondly remembered by many students and staff, one of whom wrote in a book dedicated to the Principal,
   He was intelligent, scholarly and articulate—we expect that of all Oxford dons—but above that, he was gracious, witty, fair, farsighted, optimistic and compassionate.
After retiring as Principal, Bamborough focused on scholarship. Since 1979 he had been working on the world's first full commentary on Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy, an enormous 17th Century book with hundreds of obscure sources. The final volume of Bamborough's work was published in 2000, nine years before his death. An accommodation building on the main Linacre College site is named in his honour.

## Publications

Books
* The Little World of Man (London: Longmans 1952)
* Ben Jonson (London: Longmans 1959)
* Robert Burton: The Anatomy of Melancholy (Oxford: Clarendon Press, six volumes 1989-2000)
Academic offices :
| Preceded bynone | Principal of Linacre College, Oxford 1962–1988 | Succeeded bySir Bryan Cartledge |
# Gloucestershire Championships

The Gloucestershire Championships also known as the Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's clay court then later grass court combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded in 1881 as the Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Tournament. The tournament was first held in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, but alternated venues throughout its run which ended in 1931.

## History

In 1881 an unofficial county tennis event the Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Tournament was first held at Montpellier gardens, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. In 1897 this tournament was revived and the name was changed to the Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Association Tournament following the creation of Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Association. and the tournament was moved to Clifton, Bristol as a replacement event for the Bristol and Clifton Open which was discontinued. In 1904 the tournament names was altered to the Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Championships.

## Event name

* Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Tournament (1881-1896)
* Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Association Tournament (1897-1903)
* Gloucestershire Lawn Tennis Championships (1904-1920)
* Gloucestershire Championships (1921-1931)
# South Asian Regional Trade Union Council

The South Asian Regional Trade Union Council (SARTUC) is a federation of national trade union centers whose geographic scope covers South Asia. SARTUC's mission is to promote workers' rights within its member nations.

## History

The South Asian Regional Trade Union Council was formed in January 1988 by some of the affiliates of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (now the ITUC) in countries belonging to the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)—Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The Indian trade union center Indian National Trade Union Congress and Hind Mazdoor Sabha, were the founding members of SARTUC.
Nazrul Islam Khan (then-president of the Bangladesh Metal Workers' Federation) was SAR-TUC's general-secretary in 2003.

## Leadership
### General Secretaries

    1988: Jamshedpur Gopeshwar
    1998: Nazrul Islam Khan
    Laxman Basnet

### Presidents

    1988: Savumiamoorthy Thondaman
    G. Sanjeeva Reddy
* Organized labour portal
# Route nationale 31

The Route nationale 31 is a motorway in northern France. It connects the town of Rouen to Reims, it is also the European Route 46.

## Route

The road starts in the City of Rouen, the road starts heading east. The road heads through the Forêt de Lyons passing the Hêtre de la Bunodière. The road then passes the town of Gournay-en-Bray. The road crosses the Pays de Bray then by-pass the town of Beauvais. The old N 31 (now D 931) skirts the Forêt du Parc Saint-Quentin before entering Beauvais. In the town it crosses the N 1 (now numbered the D 1001). To the east of the town is a junction (15) with the A16 autoroute.
To the east of Beauvais the N 31 has been upgraded to a dual-carriageway. The original route is now numbered the D 931. At Clermont the road has a junction with the N 16 (now numbered the D 1016 and D 916). After Catenay, the N 31 is single carriageway again. After 15 km the road crosses the N 17 (now numbered the D 1017) and then has a junction (10) with the A1 autoroute. the road then enters the town of Compiègne. The road leaves the town to the north east through the Forêt de Compiègne along the banks of the river Aisne. At Soissons the road crosses the N 2.
The road continues to follow the Aisne and then the river Vesle to the south east. It passes through the town of Fismes. The road enters the town of Reims at junction (22) of the A4 autoroute.
The road originally continued further east merged with the N 44 (now D 944) and after 5 km splitting to the east. The road is now numbered the D 931. It passes through Suippes where it once met the N 77 (now D 977). Much of the surrounding countryside is reserved for military purposes. The road finally ends in Valmy, west of Sainte-Menehould joining the N 3.
* This article about road transport in France is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Takanashi

Takanashi (written: 高梨) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Masahiro Takanashi (高梨 将弘, born 1983), Japanese professional wrestler
* Takanashi Masamori (高梨 政盛, died 1513), Japanese samurai
* Takanashi Masayori (高梨 政頼, died 1581), Japanese samurai
* Mitsuba Takanashi (高梨 みつば, born 1975), Japanese manga artist
* Rin Takanashi (高梨 臨, born 1988), Japanese actress and gravure idol
* Sara Takanashi (高梨 沙羅, born 1996), Japanese ski jumper
* Shizue Takanashi (たかなし しずえ), Japanese manga artist
* Takanashi Sumiyori (高梨 澄頼, died 1576), Japanese samurai
* Yasuharu Takanashi (高梨 康治, born 1964), Japanese anime composer
* Yutaka Takanashi (高梨 豊, born 1935), Japanese photographer
* Kenta Takanashi (高梨 健太, born 1997), Japanese volleyball player

## Fictional characters

* Rikka Takanashi, a character in the light novel and anime series Love, Chunibyo & Other Delusions
* Hoshino Takanashi, a character in the role-playing video game Blue Archive
# John Aiken (sculptor)

John Aiken (born 1950) is an Irish sculptor who is professor of fine arts and director of the Academy of Visual Arts at Hong Kong Baptist University. He was previously Slade Professor of Fine Arts and director of the Slade School of Fine Art at University College London from 2000 to 2012.

## Early life

Aiken was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in 1950. He received his art training at the Chelsea School of Art (1968–1973) and was a Rome Scholar in Sculpture at the British School in Rome.

## Career

He taught at the Art and Design Centre of the University of Ulster and was the Slade Professor of Fine Arts and director of the Slade School of Fine Art at University College London from 2000 to 2012. Since 2012 he has been professor of fine arts and director of the Academy of Visual Arts, Hong Kong Baptist University.
# Johann Heinrich Schulze

Johann Heinrich Schulze (12 May 1687 – 10 October 1744) was a German professor and polymath.

## History

Schulze studied medicine, chemistry, philosophy and theology and became a professor in Altdorf and Halle for anatomy and several other subjects.

## Notable discoveries

Schulze is best known for his discovery that the darkening in sunlight of various substances mixed with silver nitrate is due to the light, not the heat as other experimenters believed, and for using the phenomenon to temporarily capture shadows.
Schulze's experiments with silver nitrate were undertaken in about 1717. He found that a slurry of chalk and nitric acid into which some silver had been dissolved was darkened by sunlight, but not by exposure to the heat from a fire. To provide an interesting demonstration of its darkening by light, he applied stencils of words to a bottle filled with the mixture and put it in direct sunlight, which produced copies of the text in dark characters on the surface of the contents. The impressions persisted until they were erased by shaking the bottle or until overall exposure to light obliterated them. Because they were produced by the action of light, an extremely broad and literal definition of what a photograph is may allow even these fluid, ephemeral sun printings to qualify as such, and on that basis many German sources and some international ones credit Schulze as the inventor of photography.
Though Schulze's work did not provide a means of permanently preserving an image, it did provide a foundation for later efforts toward that end. Thomas Wedgwood and Humphry Davy produced more substantial but still impermanent shadow images on coated paper and leather around the year 1800. Nicéphore Niépce succeeded in photographing camera images on paper coated with silver chloride in 1816 but he, too, could not make his results light-fast. The first permanent camera photograph of this type was made in 1835 by Henry Fox Talbot.

## Works

* Abhandlung von der Stein-Chur durch innerliche Artzeneyen überhaupt und insonderheit von der neulich bekannt gewordenen Englischen . Franckfurt, 1740 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
* Chemische Versuche . Waysenhaus, Halle 1745 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Tambov (disambiguation)

Tambov is a city in Russia.
Tambov may also refer to:
* Tambov Oblast, a Russian province
* 4621 Tambov, a main-belt asteroid
* Tambov (air base), a Russian Air Force base
* SS Tambov, a Soviet merchant ship in service 1946-58
* Tambov Gang, an organized crime outfit based in St. Petersburg, Russia
# Banhadoa

Banhadoa is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tortricidae.

## Species

* Banhadoa luculenta Razowski & Becker, 1983
# Gmina Repki

Gmina Repki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sokołów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Repki, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Sokołów Podlaski and 95 km (59 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
The gmina covers an area of 168.79 square kilometres (65.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,809 (5,576 in 2013).

## Villages

Gmina Repki contains the villages and settlements of Baczki, Bałki, Bohy, Borychów, Czaple-Andrelewicze, Czaple-Kolonia, Gałki, Jasień, Józin, Kamianka, Kanabród, Karskie, Kobylany Górne, Kobylany-Skorupki, Liszki, Mołomotki, Mołomotki-Dwór, Ostrówek, Ostrowiec, Remiszew Duży, Remiszew Mały, Repki, Rogów, Rudniki, Sawice-Bronisze, Sawice-Dwór, Sawice-Wieś, Skorupki, Skrzeszew, Skrzeszew E, Skwierczyn-Dwór, Skwierczyn-Wieś, Smuniew, Szkopy, Wasilew Skrzeszewski, Wasilew Szlachecki, Wierzbice Górne, Włodki, Wyrozęby-Konaty, Wyrozęby-Podawce, Zawady and Żółkwy.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Repki is bordered by the gminas of Bielany, Drohiczyn, Jabłonna Lacka, Korczew, Paprotnia, Sabnie and Sokołów Podlaski.
# Sosippus texanus

Sosippus texanus is a species of wolf spider in the family Lycosidae. It is found in the United States.
# South Lake (Hants)

South Lake is a lake of West Hants, in Nova Scotia, Canada.
# South Lake (Victoria)

South Lake is a lake of Victoria County, in north-eastern Nova Scotia, Canada.
# Soul Fountain (Jodie Christian album)

Soul Fountain is an album by pianist Jodie Christian. It was recorded during January 1996, and was released in 1998 by Delmark Records. On the album, Christian is joined by saxophonists Art Porter and Roscoe Mitchell, trumpeter Odies Williams III, bassist John Whitfield, and drummer Ernie Adams. Soul Fountain is dedicated to the memory of Art Porter, who died in November 1996.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In a review for AllMusic, Tim Sheridan called the album "pleasant blend of bop and romance," and wrote: "Christians's originals focus primarily on space rather than melody, save the lovely 'Jeremy,' which brings Vince Guaraldi immediately to mind. A strong effort overall."
The authors of The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings stated: "The piano solos 'Everlasting Life' and 'Blessings' are further evidence of Christian's gifts, and the lovely duet with Porter on 'My One and Only Love' makes a touching farewell to the since-departed altoman."
Jack Bowers of All About Jazz described the album as "a session that traverses the landscape from conventional blues, ballads and bop to atonal experimentation and conversation," and called Christian "an outstanding and vastly underrated player."
Writing for JazzTimes, Harvey Pekar commented: "One of the most dependable and versatile jazzmen in Chicago for decades, [Christian] can play lyrical, swinging straightahead solos or go outside, according to the situation. This CD illustrates his adaptability and contains some of the better examples of his recorded work."

## Track listing

* "Soda Fountain" (Clifford Jordan) – 6:09
* "My One and Only Love" (Guy Wood, Robert Mellin) – 7:38
* "Everlasting Life" (Sonny Seals) – 5:28
* "Abstract Impressions" (Jodie Christian) – 3:04
* "That Bright Star" (Evod Magek) – 5:19
* "Consequences" (Jodie Christian) – 10:25
* "Jeremy" (Jodie Christian) – 6:38
* "Blessings" (Jodie Christian) – 3:15
* "Now's the Time" (Charlie Parker) – 10:38

## Personnel

* Jodie Christian – piano
* Art Porter – alto saxophone
* Roscoe Mitchell – flute, soprano saxophone, alto saxophone
* Dr. Odies Williams III – trumpet
* John Whitfield – bass
* Ernie Adams – drums
# Johann Jacob Schweppe

Johann Jacob Schweppe (/ˈʃvɛpə/ SHVEP-ə, German:; 16 March 1740 – 18 November 1821) was a German watchmaker and amateur scientist who developed the first practical process to manufacture bottled carbonated mineral water and began selling the world's first bottled soft drink, His company, Schweppes, regards Priestley as "the father of our industry".

## Biography

Schweppe was born in Witzenhausen in the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel. He moved to Geneva in 1765 to work as a watchmaker and jeweler. He founded the Schweppes company there in 1783 to produce carbonated water.
At the time Schweppe was developing these products, the addition of carbon dioxide to water was considered to have medicinal properties. In 1792, he moved to London to develop the business there, but it was not successful and failed in 1795. However, Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles Darwin, began talking up the beverage, which started to become popular. Schweppe returned to Geneva and died in 1821. In 1831, King William IV of the United Kingdom adopted the beverage, enabling the use of the famous "by appointment to". Subsequently, carbonated water became very popular.
# Talata Volonondry

Talata Volonondry (also: Talatavolonondry) is a rural commune in Analamanga Region, in the Central Highlands of Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antananarivo Avaradrano and its population numbers to 18,314 in 2018.
It is situated at 27 km north of Antananarivo on the National Road 3 to Anjozorobe.

## Economy

The economy of this commune is based on agriculture. Rice, corn, manioc, beans, potatoes and legumes are the main products. The commune is composed by 28 fokontany (villages) of which more than half has no access to drinking water and electricity.

## Telecommunications

A shortwave transmitter site has been located in the commune since the 1970s. Established by RNW, since 2013 MGLOB SA has aired contract programming from Rádio Dabanga, NHK World Japan, Deutsche Welle, Vatican Radio Adventist World Radio, and the BBC World Service.
# Bantam (military)

A bantam, in British Army usage, was a soldier of below the army's minimum regulation height of 5 ft 3 in (160 cm).
During the First World War, the British Army raised battalions in which the normal minimum height requirement for recruits was reduced from 5 ft 3 in (160 cm) to 5 ft (150 cm). This enabled shorter but healthy young men to enlist.
Bantam units enlisted from industrial and coal-mining areas where short stature was no sign of weakness. The name derives from the town of Bantam in Indonesia, from which a breed of small domestic fowl allegedly originated. Bantamweight was a weight category in boxing that had originated in the 1880s and had produced many notable boxers.
The first "bantam battalions" were recruited in Birkenhead, Cheshire, after Alfred Bigland, MP, heard of a group of miners who, rejected from every recruiting office, had made their way to the town. One of the miners, rejected on account of his size, offered to fight any man there as proof of his suitability as a soldier, and six men were eventually called upon to remove him. Bantam applicants were men used to physical hard work, and Bigland was so incensed at what he saw as the needless rejection of spirited healthy men that he petitioned the War Office for permission to establish an undersized fighting unit.
When the permission was granted, news spread across the country and men previously denied the chance to fight made their way to Birkenhead, 3,000 successful recruits being accepted for service into two new bantam battalions in November 1914. The requirement for their height was between 4 ft 10 in (147 cm) and 5 ft 3 in (160 cm). Chest size was one inch (2.5 cm) more than the army standard.
The men became local heroes, with the local newspaper, The Birkenhead News, honouring the men of the 1st and 2nd Birkenhead Battalions of the Cheshires with enamel badges - "BBB" - "Bigland's Birkenhead Bantams". Soon renamed the 15th and 16th (Service) Battalions, Cheshire Regiment, they undertook gruelling training and served in some of the hardest-fought battles of the war, such as the Battle of Arras in 1917. Other bantam battalions included the 14th (Service) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment (West of England), and the 23rd (Service) Battalion, Manchester Regiment (8th City) raised in 1915 and sent to France in 1916. Eventually the whole of the 35th Division and most of the 40th Division, were formed from "Bantam" men, who were virtually annihilated during the Battles of the Somme and the Cambrai respectively. Heavy casualties, transfers to specialized Army tunneling companies and tank regiments, the introduction of conscription, and replacements by taller men, eventually led to Bantam units becoming indistinguishable from other British divisions.
# Bantia nana

Bantia nana is a species of praying mantis in the family Thespidae.
# Lisnarick, County Fermanagh

Lisnarick or Lisnarrick (from Irish Lios na nDaróg, meaning 'fort of the (little) oaks') is a small village in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, 4 km west of Irvinestown. It is situated in the civil parish of Derryvullan and historic barony of Lurg. The village was once known as Archdalestown after the nearby Castle Archdale. In the 2011 Census it had a population of 238.
The village is mostly housing although there is one multi-purpose store, a restaurant, a filling station and a sub-post office. At the middle of the village is a green with horse chestnut trees and a play park. There is also a rath beside the bridge.

## History

Rory Maguire was a leader of the Irish Rebellion of 1641 in Fermanagh, and the burning of Lisnarick on 23 October 1641 was the signal for the rebellion to start. Castle Archdale was also destroyed at the time.

## Places of interest

Castle Archdale Country Park is on the main Enniskillen to Kesh road (B82), 1 mile on the Enniskillen side of Lisnarick.
# USCGC Kimball

USCGC Kimball (WMSL-756) is the seventh Legend-class cutter of the United States Coast Guard. Kimball is named for Sumner Increase Kimball, who was the organizer of the United States Life-Saving Service and the General Superintendent of the Life-Saving Service from 1878–1915.

## History

Original planned commission ceremony was on January 19, 2019, but ceremony cancelled due to the government shutdown. On August 24, 2019, Kimball was commissioned in Honolulu with USCGC Midgett.
# Hairy Atlantic spiny rat

The hairy Atlantic spiny rat (Trinomys setosus) is a spiny rat species from South America. It is endemic to Brazil.
# Tascia virescens

Tascia virescens is a moth of the family Zygaenidae. It is known from South Africa.
# Charlotte Spurkeland

Charlotte Spurkeland (born 12 August 1987) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. She has been a deputy member of parliament for Hordaland since 2021, having previously done so from 2013 to 2017. She has also been the Bergen city commissioner for child services, social services and diversity since 2023.

## Political career
### Parliament

She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Hordaland during the term 2013–2017. In total she met during 150 days of parliamentary session. She was re-elected at the 2021 election and deputised for prime minister Erna Solberg in the last two weeks of her premiership.

### Local politics

Hailing from Bergen, she has been a member of Bergen city council and worked her dayjob for the Conservative caucus in the council.
She was acting Bergen city commissioner for schools and kindergartens from 20 October to 31 December 2014.
Following the 2023 local elections, she was appointed city commissioner for child services, social services and diversity. She was appointed city commissioner for finance following Eivind Nævdal-Bolstad's resignation in late May 2024, holding the position until late June, when Jacob Mæhle was appointed as his permanent successor.

### Youth politics

She has chaired the Conservative Students in Norway and is a central board member of the Norwegian Young Conservatives. She has also been involved in student politics at the University of Bergen, where she has studied law. Internationally she was the Chairman of the International Young Democrat Union from 2014 to 2015 and has been a co-chair for the permanent working group on Policies for Europe in the European Democrat Students.