# List of federal judges appointed by Thomas Jefferson

Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Thomas Jefferson during his presidency. In total Jefferson appointed 19 Article III federal judges, including 3 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, 7 judges to the United States circuit courts, and 9 judges to the United States district courts. Three of Jefferson's circuit court appointments were to seats that had been created by the Midnight Judges Act, signed by John Adams to allow the appointment of many of his supporters in the closing days of his administration. The service of these judges, including those appointed by Jefferson, terminated on July 1, 1802, due to the repeal of the Act and the accompanying abolition of the court.
Two of Jefferson's appointees, William Cranch (whom Jefferson elevated to Chief Judge of the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia) and Henry Potter (appointed first to the Fifth Circuit, and then to the District of North Carolina) served into the 1850s. Potter's 55 years on the latter court remains the longest period of active service in United States federal court history.
* William Johnson was Jefferson's longest serving Supreme Court appointee, and had a fiercely independent judicial philosophy.
* William Cranch, initially appointed to the District of Columbia Circuit by John Adams, was elevated by Thomas Jefferson to be Chief Judge of that court, and became one of the longest-serving federal judges in U.S. history.

## United States Supreme Court justices

| # | Justice | Seat | State | Former justice | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service |
| 1 | William Johnson | 5 | South Carolina | Alfred Moore | March 22, 1804 | March 24, 1804 | March 26, 1804 | August 4, 1834 |
| 2 | Henry Brockholst Livingston | 1 | New York | William Paterson | December 13, 1806 | December 17, 1806 | November 10, 1806 | March 18, 1823 |
| 3 | Thomas Todd | 6 | Virginia | Seat established | February 28, 1807 | March 2, 1807 | March 3, 1807 | February 7, 1826 |

## Circuit courts

| # | Judge | Circuit | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service |
| 1 | William Kilty | D.C. | January 6, 1802 | January 26, 1802 | March 23, 1801 | January 27, 1806 |
| 2 | Henry Potter | Fifth | January 6, 1802 | January 26, 1802 | May 9, 1801 | April 7, 1802 |
| 3 | Dominic Augustin Hall | Fifth | January 6, 1802 | January 26, 1802 | July 1, 1801 | July 1, 1802 |
| 4 | Edward Harris | Fifth | April 27, 1802 | April 29, 1802 | May 3, 1802 | July 1, 1802 |
| 5 | Nicholas Battalle Fitzhugh | D.C. | November 21, 1803 | November 25, 1803 | November 25, 1803 | December 31, 1814 |
| 6 | William Cranch | D.C. | February 21, 1806 | February 24, 1806 | February 24, 1806 | September 1, 1855 |
| 7 | Allen Bowie Duckett | D.C. | February 28, 1806 | March 3, 1806 | March 17, 1806 | July 19, 1809 |

## District courts

| # | Judge | Court | Nomination date | Confirmation date | Began active service | Ended active service |
| 1 | David L. Barnes | D.R.I. | January 6, 1802 | January 26, 1802 | April 30, 1801 | November 3, 1812 |
| 2 | William Stephens | D. Ga. | January 6, 1802 | January 26, 1802 | October 22, 1801 | October 13, 1818 |
| 3 | Henry Potter | D.N.C. | April 6, 1802 | April 7, 1802 | April 7, 1802 | December 20, 1857 |
| 4 | Charles Willing Byrd | D. Ohio | March 1, 1803 | March 3, 1803 | March 3, 1803 | August 25, 1828 |
| 5 | John Samuel Sherburne | D.N.H. | March 22, 1804 | March 24, 1804 | March 26, 1804 | August 2, 1830 |
| 6 | Dominic Augustin Hall | D. Orleans | November 30, 1804 | November 30, 1804 | December 11, 1804 | April 30, 1812 |
| 7 | Matthias B. Tallmadge | D.N.Y. | December 20, 1805 | December 23, 1805 | June 12, 1805 | July 1, 1819 |
| 8 | Pierpont Edwards | D. Conn. | February 21, 1806 | February 24, 1806 | February 24, 1806 | April 5, 1826 |
| 9 | James Houston | D. Md. | April 19, 1806 | April 21, 1806 | April 21, 1806 | June 8, 1819 |