OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars)

Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) is the second studio album by South African singer and songwriter Simmy, released on 6 November 2020, through EL World Music and Sony.
The album debuted at number 3 in South Africa.

## Background

In October 2020, Simmy announced her album via Instagram account.

## Music and lyrics

The standard edition Tugela Fairy (Made Of Stars) is about one hour, twelve minutes, and 29 seconds long, consisting of 16 tracks.

### Composition

Critics categorize Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) as a Neo Soul, Afro House, and Afro-Pop. It also incorporates Maskandi, Mbaqanga, Kwaito, and Old house elements.

### Themes

Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) lyrically is the continuation of her debut album Tugela Fairy, it describe musical journey and tells her story of strength and woman empowerment.

## Critical reception

John Israel A of Ubetoo said "the album is a compilation worth the wait and a splendid advertisement of Simmy’s musical growth" and rated the album 4.5/5.

### Year-end lists

Select year-end rankings of Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) :
| Critic/Publication | List | Rank | Ref. |
| The Native | Best 20 Albums This Year | 16 | |

## Commercial performance

Upon its release the album debuted number 3 in South Africa.

## Accolades

The album was nominated for Best Afro pop Album at the 27th ceremony of South African Music Awards.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2021 | Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) | Best Afro Pop Album | Nominated |
| 2021 | Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) | Best Produced Album of the Year | Nominated |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Africa (RISA) | Gold | 10,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Releases

"Emakhaya" was released on October 16, 2020, featuring South African DJ's Sun-El Musician and Da Capo as album's second single.

## Release history

Release dates and formats for Tugela Fairy (Made of Stars) :
| Region | Date | Format | Version | Label | Ref. |
| South Africa | November 20, 2020 | CDdigital downloadstreaming | Standard | EL World MusicSony | |
# Turania pentodontalis

Turania pentodontalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Nikolay Grigoryevich Erschoff in 1874. It is found in Central Asia, including Turkmenistan, Iraq and Iran.
# Laurence Edmondston

Dr. Laurence Edmondston (9 February 1795 – 7 March 1879) was a Scottish-born naturalist and doctor who was from Shetland, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Laurence Edmondston was born in Lerwick, the capital of Shetland, in 1795. His mother was Mary Sanderson (1751–1831) and his father Laurence Edmondston (1740–1814). He was the youngest brother of Arthur Edmondston (1776–1841).
He worked in London at a mercantile office, and resided and travelled on the continent for that office for some time. He then studied medicine in Edinburgh.
Although his family originally lived on the island of Hascosay in Shetland, Laurence settled as a medical practitioner on Unst, living at Halligarth, where he established a plantation in the late 1830s (trees are scarce in the islands).
In his teens, he acquired specimens of glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) and snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus), which were both later recognised as the first British records. In 1822 and 1823, while completing his medical studies in Edinburgh, Edmondston published several papers in the Memoirs of the Wernerian Society, adding two more species to the British List, Iceland gull (Larus glaucoides) and ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea).
Edmondston's publications revealed a careful observer, capable of recognising that several ‘species’ recognised at the time were others in juvenile or winter plumages; for example, ‘speckled diver’ was winter-plumaged red-throated diver (Gavia stellata) and ‘black-billed auk’ was juvenile razorbill (Alca torda). He was also a pioneer conservationist as, in 1831, he instructed the shepherds on Hermaness on Unst to ensure the safety of the tiny population of breeding great skuas.
His children included Thomas Edmondston the botanist and Jessie Saxby, an author and wife of the ornithologist Henry Saxby.

## Sources

* Pennington, M. G., Osborn, K., Harvey, P. V., Riddington, R., Okill, J. D., Ellis, P. M. & Heubeck, M. 2004. The Birds of Shetland. Christopher Helm, London.
* Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1888). "Edmondston, Laurence". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 16. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
# Tuffite

Tuffite is a tuff containing both pyroclastic and detrital materials, but predominantly pyroclasts.
According to the IUGS definition, tuffite contains 75% to 25% volcanic (epiclastic) material.
There are several classifications that define tuffite. The classification in the IUGS recommendation is based on the definition established by Schmid (1981). Shvetsov defined tuffites as rocks containing 50% to 90% volcanic fragments. Tuffite should therefore contain more than half volcanic material. If rock contains more than 75% to 90% pyroclastic material, it is referred to as tuff. Some other, mostly older, sources state that tuffite may contain 10% to 50% volcanic material.
The adjective tuffitic is used for sediments containing less than 25% volcanic fragments.
A tuffite consists of angular and/or rounded fragments of effusive rocks and their minerals, and may also contain volcanic ash, pumice, and clay minerals. Nonvolcanic material may consist of terrigenous, chemical precipitates, or organogenic components. Quartz or mica and an admixture of carbonates, siliceous rock fragments, or organic remains may be common.
# Tagreed Darghouth

Tagreed Darghouth (born 1979) is a Lebanese artist.
She was born in Saida and studied painting and sculpting at the Lebanese Institute of Fine Arts in Beirut. She continued her studies at the Ayloul Summer Academy at Darat Al Funoun in Amman with Marwan Kassab Bachi [fr] and at the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs in Paris.
In her art, she deals with uncomfortable subjects such as the obsession of Lebanese young people with cosmetic surgery and the changes in Lebanese society brought on by an influx of imported female domestic help. Her work has appeared in solo and group exhibitions in Beirut, Dubai, Qatar, Amman, Istanbul, Buenos Aires, the United States and France.
Darghouth was awarded first prize by the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris at the cm3 competition in 2003.
# William Gill

William, Will, Bill, or Billy Gill may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* William Ward Gill (1823–1894), English painter, brother of Edmund Marriner Gill
* William Henry Gill (composer) (1839–1923), Manx composer
* William Gill (dramatist) (1842–1919), American actor and playwright; author of Broadway's first hit musical, Adonis
* William Gill (photographer) (1854–1912), British photographer
* W. Walter Gill (William Walter Gill, 1876–1963), Manx scholar, folklorist and poet
* Will Gill (born 1968), Canadian artist

## Sports

* Billy Gill (1876–1930), Australian rules footballer
* Bill Gill (soccer) (1919–?), Canadian soccer goalkeeper
* William Gill (boxer) (fl. 2007–2009), American boxer

## Others

* William Gill (sea captain) (1795–1858), Manx master mariner
* William Wyatt Gill (1828–1896), English missionary
* William Gill (explorer) (1843–1882), British explorer and intelligence gatherer, companion of William Mesny
* William H. Gill (1886–1976), U.S. Army general
* William Henry Gill (ethnographer) (1861–1944), Australian ethnographer
* William Smith Gill (1865–1957), Scottish Volunteer Force officer and paint manufacturer
* William R. Gill, American diplomat
# William Hopkinson

William Hopkinson may refer to:
* William Hopkinson (cricketer), English cricketer
* William C. Hopkinson, Indian police officer, later an immigration inspector in Canada
* William John Hopkinson, Canadian artist
# William Kovacic

William Evan Kovacic (born 1952) is an American legal scholar who served as a commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) from 2006 to 2011, including as its chairman from 2008 to 2009. He is a member of the Republican Party.
Kovacic is currently a professor at George Washington University Law School, where he serves as director of their Competition Law Center.

## Early life and education

Kovacic's father was a chemical engineer who worked for the U.S. Department of Energy in Washington, D.C. Kovacic graduated from the University of Detroit Jesuit High School in 1970. He then attended Princeton University, graduating in 1974 with a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) in public and international affairs.
After college, Kovacic spent one year on the staff of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly. He then attended Columbia Law School, graduating in 1978 with a Juris Doctor degree as a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar.

## Career

From 1979 to 1983, Kovacic served as a staffer within the FTC, first within the Bureau of Competition's Planning Office and later as an attorney and advisor to then-Commissioner George W. Douglas. After leaving the FTC in 1983, Kovacic became an associate at the Washington, D.C., office of international law firm Bryan Cave. At Bryan Cave, Kovacic practiced in the firm's antitrust and government contracts departments.
In 1986, Kovacic joined the faculty of the George Mason University Law School (now Antonin Scalia Law School), where he taught antitrust law. In 1999, Kovacic became E.K. Gubin Professor of Government Contracts Law at George Washington University (GWU) Law School. In 2001, Kovacic rejoined the FTC's staff as the agency's general counsel, serving until 2004.
In 2006, President George W. Bush appointed Kovacic to replace Orson Swindle as a member of the FTC. On March 30, 2008, Kovacic was designated by Bush to serve as FTC Chair, replacing Deborah Platt Majoras. Following the election of Democrat Barack Obama, he was replaced in this capacity after less than a year in office. On March 2, 2009, Democrat Jon Leibowitz replaced him as FTC Chair.
Following his term at the FTC, Kovacic returned to the GWU Law School where he teaches antitrust, contracts, and government contracts. Kovacic currently serves as the Director of the Competition Law Center at GWU Law School.

## International advising

Since 1992, Kovacic has served as an adviser on antitrust and consumer protection issues to the governments of Armenia, Benin, Egypt, El Salvador, Georgia, Guyana, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Panama, Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe. Kovacic also serves on the International Committee of the Institute of Competition Law.
Kovacic was appointed as a Non-Executive Director to the U.K. Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on July 15, 2013. Kovacic is also a visiting professor at the Dickson Poon School of Law at King's College, London.

## Personal life

Kovacic lives in Virginia, with his wife Kathryn Fenton, an antitrust attorney.
# Tai Wong Ha Tsuen

Tai Wong Ha Tsuen (Chinese: 大王下村) or Tai Wong Ha Resite Village (大王下新村) is a village on Tsing Yi island, in Kwai Tsing District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Tai Wong Ha is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. It is one of the villages represented within the Tsing Yi Rural Committee.
# William Hargreaves (disambiguation)

William Hargreaves (1880–1941) was a British composer.
William Hargreaves may also refer to:
* William Hargreaves (cricketer) (1872–1948), British cricketer
* William Hargreaves (footballer) (1888–1944), British professional footballer
# Laz, Nikšić

Laz (Serbian Cyrillic: Лаз) is a village in the municipality of Nikšić, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, its population was 135.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Montenegrins | 95 | 70.4% |
| Serbs | 37 | 27.4% |
| other/undeclared | 3 | 2.2% |
| Total | 135 | 100% |
# Laurie Kelly (politician)

Lawrence Borthwick Kelly Jr. AM (5 November 1928 – 11 July 2018) was an Australian politician. He was the Labor member for Corrimal in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1968 to 1988, and served as Speaker from 1976 to 1988.
Kelly was born in Thirroul, the son of Laurie Kelly Sr., who was a member of the Legislative Assembly from 1947 to 1955. He was educated at Thirroul Primary School and Wollongong High School, and after leaving school worked as an accountant. He joined the Labor Party in 1948. On 23 October 1954 he married Rhonda Ali, with whom he had two children and who preceded him in death.
In 1968, Kelly was selected as the Labor candidate for the seat of Corrimal, largely a successor to his father's old seat of Bulli. Elected easily, he never had difficulty in winning re-election. He was appointed Speaker in 1976, serving until 1988, when his seat of Corrimal was abolished. Kelly challenged sitting Independent MP Frank Arkell for his seat in Wollongong, but was defeated.
Kelly died on 11 July 2018 due to complications of pneumonia that he had contracted earlier in the month.
# Tulppio

Tulppio is a village in the municipality of Savukoski, Lapland, Finland. It is located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) north-east of the main village of Savukoski, 10 km (6.2 mi) south of the Urho Kekkonen national park and 19 km (12 mi) west of the Russian border. There is no permanent residence in Tulppio, but a very popular camping resort for people on fishing trips is located there.
# Tadashii Itsuwari Kara no Kishō

Tadashii Itsuwari Kara no Kishō (正しい偽りからの起床) is the first extended play (EP) released by the Japanese rock group Zutomayo. The EP was released on November 14, 2018, under EMI Records.

## Release and reception

Tadashii Itsuwari Kara no Kishō follows the release of three of Zutomayo's singles and is the first to be released in a physical format, as opposed to a digital release only. Two versions were released simultaneously: a regular edition and a first press limited edition. Following its release, the EP charted on both the Oricon Albums Chart and the Billboard Japan Hot 100. The EP was also nominated for the 11th CD Shop Awards.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by ACA-ne

## Weekly charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 3 |
| Japan (Oricon) | 8 |
# T11 road (Tanzania)

The T11 is a Trunk road in Tanzania. The road runs from Kasulo in Kagera and heads west towards Burundi. This is one of two trunk roads that connect Tanzania to Burundi. The roads as it is approximately 98 km (61 mi). The road is entirely paved. The Kabanga Nickel Project exploration activities are being conducted alongside this trunk road.
# T12 road (Tanzania)

The T12 is a Trunk road in Tanzania. The road runs from Songea west towards Mbamba Bay. The roads as it is approximately 164 km (102 mi). The road is part of the Mtwara Development Corridor and the road is entirely paved.
# Turrisipho moebii

Turrisipho moebii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colidae, the true whelks and the like.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 50 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Iceland
# Taeko Tomioka

Taeko Tomioka (富岡 多恵子, Tomioka Taeko; July 28, 1935 – April 6, 2023) was a Japanese writer.
She was born in Osaka, was educated at Osaka Women's College, worked as a high school English teacher and moved to Tokyo in 1960. Tomioka visited New York City in 1964 and returned home to Japan in 1966. In 1969, she married Suga Kishio.
Tomioka published several collections of poems. Henrei (1958) won the Mr. H Prize (H-shi Shō), awarded by the Association of Contemporary Japanese Poets. Monogatari no akuru hi (1961) received the 'Muro Saisei Prize. Tomioka also wrote a poetical drama Matsuri (1959) and a screenplay Shinju ten no Amijima (Double suicide, 1968).
In 1971, she published the novel Oka ni mukatte hito wa narabu (Facing the Hills they stand). In 1974, Tomioka wrote Shokubutsu sai, which received the Tamura Toshiko Prize. In 1974, she published Meido no kazoku (Family in hell), which received the Women's Literature Prize. Her 1983 novel Namiutsu tochi was published in English as Building Waves (2012: ISBN 9781564787156).
Tomioka also translated some English works by authors such as Gertrude Stein into Japanese. She has also produced essays on literature from a feminist viewpoint.
In 1993, she published Nobuyoshi Araki: Akt-Tokyo, 1971-1991, a book of erotic photography. In 1997, Tomioka wrote Hiberunia kikō (A journey to Ireland), which received the Noma Literary Prize.
In 2000, The Funeral of a Giraffe: Seven Stories, a collection of her stories translated from Japanese to English, was published.
Tomioka died on April 6, 2023, at the age of 87.
# Turnasuyu

Turnasuyu is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Gülyalı, Ordu Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,490 (2022). It is a coastal village, which takes its name from the nearby stream of Turna.

## Headmen

Headmen, by year elected:-
    2009 - Ahmet ALBAYRAK
    2009 - Muharrem KILIÇ
    1999 - Refik KOYUN
    1989 - Hayati AKTÜRK
    1987 - Mustafa GÜNER
    1973 - A. Burhan AYDIN
    1967 - Hüseyin ERDAŞ
    1966 - Cevat ATASEVER
    1963 - Ahmet ÇİÇEK
    1938 - Kasım ÇELEBİ
    1935 - Hüseyin YILMAZ
    (na) - Molla Ahmet AKTÜRK
    (na) - Rüşan ERDAŞ
    1895 - Hacı Mehmet (KÖKSAL)
    1873 - Hüseyin Çavuş (AKKÖSE)
# Turnawiec

Turnawiec is a village, in the administrative district of Gmina Czarnocin, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

## Location

It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) north-west of Czarnocin, 9 km (6 mi) north of Kazimierza Wielka, and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.
# Turrilatirus turritus

Turrilatirus turritus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 65 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species has a wide distribution: the Red Sea, Mozambique, South Africa, the Mascarenes, the Philippines, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands.
# William Ratcliffe

William Ratcliffe VC MM (18 January 1884 – 26 March 1963) was an English private of South Lancashire Regiment. He was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

## Biography

William Ratcliffe was born on 18 January 1884 at 38 Newhall Street, Liverpool, Lancashire. His parents were William Ratcliffe and Mary Ann Kelly. He was baptised at St Vincent de Paul Roman Catholic Church on 21 January 1884. His birth was not registered by his mother until 31 March 1884. His mother gave his month of birth as February in order to avoid late registration of the birth. He was educated at St. Vincent de Paul's Roman Catholic School in Norfolk Street, Liverpool.
Ratcliffe worked on the Liverpool docks briefly after leaving school, then joined the British Army at the age of 17 and served in South Africa during the Second Boer War and in India. He initially served with the South Lancashire Regiment, 3rd Battalion and later transferred to the Durham Light Infantry. By 1914 he had left the army and was back working as a docker in Liverpool. When war was declared he quickly re-joined, enlisting with the South Lancashire Regiment in August 1914. He won the Military Medal and Victoria Cross at the Battle of Messines (1917).
In 1929 Victoria Cross winners were invited, by the Prince of Wales, to attend a dinner at the Royal Gallery of the House of Lords. Ratcliffe was reluctant to attend due to lack of funds. After a newspaper story was published about him, the people of Liverpool raised money to kit him out in a new suit suitable for the occasion. He worked on the Liverpool Docks until an industrial accident forced him into early retirement in the 1940s. In 1956 he attended the Centennial of the institution of the Victoria Cross in London's Hyde Park, where the living holders were reviewed by Queen Elizabeth II. On this occasion the Victoria Cross Association paid for a new suit and accommodation.

## Details

Ratcliffe was 33 years old, and a private in the 2nd Battalion, the South Lancashire Regiment, British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place during the Battle of Messines for which he was awarded the VC.
On 14 June 1917 at Messines, Belgium, after an enemy trench had been captured, Private Ratcliffe located an enemy machine-gun which was firing on his comrades from the rear, and single-handed, on his own initiative, immediately rushed the machine-gun position and bayoneted the crew. He then brought the gun back into action in the front line. Private Ratcliffe had displayed similar gallantry and resource on previous occasions.

## The medal

His VC is on loan to the Imperial War Museum in Lambeth Road, London.
# Two Thumbs Up (film)

Two Thumbs Up is a 2015 Hong Kong-Chinese action comedy film directed by first-time director Lau Ho-leung and starring Francis Ng, Simon Yam, Leo Ku, Patrick Tam, Mark Cheng, Christie Chen and Philip Keung.

## Plot

On 5 April 2014, Twitch released a plot synopsis of the film:
   Lucifer and his gangsters dress their minibus to resemble a police vehicle, and pose as policemen for a robbery. Police Officer Tsui sensed "criminal intent." Without police orders, he investigates these gangsters. At the robbery the gangsters engage in a gunfight against the real criminals, who kill randomly. Lucifer and his men are infuriated. They may wear police costumes and use toy guns, but their passion is real. Sensing their righteous passion, Tsui decides to side with the impostors and their 16-passenger EU vehicle. Lucifer and his men re-discover the bond they felt when they used to battle together. Finally, Tsui, Lucifer and the gang defeat the criminals, showing Tsui that anyone can be a hero, and righteousness resides within us all.

## Cast

* Francis Ng as Lucifer (盧西發)
* Simon Yam as Chow Tai-po (周大寶)
* Leo Ku as Officer Tsui On-leung (徐安良)
* Patrick Tam as Johnny To (杜忡尼)
* Mark Cheng as Lam Tung (林東)
* Christie Chen as Robber Girl
* Philip Keung as Chief of Robbers
* Rock Ji as Robber A
* Jie Zhuang as Ice Cream Lady
* Jamie Cheung as Tsang Ching-yee (曾靜儀)
* Siu Yam-yam as Wild Boar Aunt (野豬婆婆)
* Jack Kao as Warden
* Law Wing-cheung as Bowling Alley's Owner
* Alan Mak as Tsui Po-on (徐步安)
* Felix Chong as Inspector of Police
* Mark Wu as Cup Noodle Father
* Dayo Wong as Cheung Po-keung (張寶強) (scenes removed from final cut)

## Production

Principal photography for Two Thumbs Up started on 15 January 2014 where a blessing ceremony was held in which the cast and crew attended.

## Release

On 24 March 2014, a press conference for Two Thumbs Up was held at the 38th Hong Kong International Film Festival where its teaser trailer was unveiled. The film premiered at the 39th Hong Kong International Film Festival which ran from 23 March to 6 April 2015 was theatrically released in Hong Kong on 2 April 2015.

## Box office

The film opened third place at its debut and during the first six days of release in Hong Kong, Two Thumbs Up grossed HK$5.90 million. The film grossed HK$4.01 million between 9–12 April. After two weekends, the film have grossed a total of HK$8.91 million. During its third weekend, the film remained at third place and has made a total of HK$11.5 million to date. The film had earned CN¥20.84 million at the Chinese box office.

## Awards and nominations

Awards and nominations :
| Ceremony | Category | Recipient | Outcome |
| 35th Hong Kong Film Awards | Best Screenplay | Lau Ho-leung | Nominated |
| 35th Hong Kong Film Awards | Best New Director | Lau Ho-leung | Nominated |
| 3rd China International Film Festival London | Best Supporting Actor | Leo Ku | Won |
| 3rd China International Film Festival London | Best New Director | Lau Ho-leung | Won |