OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brian Cubbon

Sir Brian Crossland Cubbon GCB (9 April 1928 – 20 May 2015) was a British senior civil servant and a member of the Charter Compliance Panel of the Press Complaints Commission.

## Biography

Cubbon was born in Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire on 9 April 1928. His father, Edward Moore Cubbon was a primary school teacher and his mother was Anita Jane, née Crossland. Cubbon was educated at Bury Grammar School under a scholarship and went on to study Classics at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating in 1949. He spent a while in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers for national service.
He became Permanent Under Secretary of State (the senior civil servant in charge of a Government department) of the Northern Ireland Office from 1976 to 1979 and Permanent Under-Secretary of State at the Home Office from 1979 to 1988. He was a Press Complaints Commission Commissioner from 1995 to 2002.
Cubbon was injured in an IRA bomb explosion in which the British Ambassador to Ireland, Christopher Ewart-Biggs, was killed in 1976. The car in which the party was travelling was blown up by a bomb concealed in a culvert under the road. Cubbon's Private Secretary, Judith Cooke, was also killed, and the driver, Brian O'Driscoll, was injured.
He married art teacher, Lorin Richardson on 20 October 1956 and they had four children. He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1974, Knight Commander (KCB) in 1977 and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) 1984, the highest rank of the Order of the Bath. He died of a heart attack on 20 May 2015 at the age of 87.

## Coat of arms

Sir Brian was granted a coat of arms in 2002. Blazon: Argent a Pall cotized and gyronny of six Azure and Gules the Azure formy.
# Chestfield

Chestfield is a village (and civil parish and with Swalecliffe a district council ward) in the Canterbury District of Kent, England. The parish is centred 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the sea on the north coast of Kent, between the towns of Whitstable and Herne Bay. It is approximately five miles (8 km) north of Canterbury. Over a third of the parish, all of which is the south of its ambit, is woodland. The north-west consists of a business park and superstore.

## Geography

Chestfield & Swalecliffe railway station is on the Chatham Main Line a straight two-track line which marks the northern boundary of the parish.
A footpath and a road each lead to Radfall which is a woodland locality of a few houses on two streets in the wooded hills to the south - more than one third of the parish is woodland, and almost all of it was woodland in the Middle Ages, when it contributed greatly to the Forest of Blean.
The north-east of the parish is non-residential, having a superstore spanning two buildings and the John Wilson business park.

## History

The Chestfield Barn originated as part of the Chestfield Manor in the 14th century, it was held as tenant-in-chief by the half-brother of William the Conqueror, Odo, Bishop of Bayeux. It is believed that the Manor dates back to as early as 1084, although not directly mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086. In the early part of the 20th century the barn was converted into a golf house by George Reeves,to service the 700-acre (2.8 km$^2$) golf course constructed in 1924 by George Reeves and designed by Abe Mitchell and James Braid.

## Governance

Chestfield forms part of the electoral ward called Chestfield and Swalecliffe. This ward had a population of 8,398 at the 2011 Census.

## Transport

Thanet Way provides a goods and long-distance commuter alternative to the railway station. However, much of the rest of the parish is better served by footpaths and country lanes suitable for cycling.
# Siegfried Wischnewski

Siegfried Wischnewski (15 April 1922 – 24 January 1989) was a German stage and film actor.

## Career

Wischnewski was born in the Masurian village of Saborowen, then in German East Prussia (today Zaborowo, Poland) to a peasant labourer. He decided to become an actor after he appeared at a school theater, but was conscripted into Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine after he had passed his Abitur at the Arndt-Gymnasium at Berlin-Dahlem in 1940. As a professional actor he appeared at the theater of Lüneburg in 1946 and in the following years at several other stages in Germany.
In the late 1950s and 1960s he became well known for his TV-appearances, often as a police detective. He played several roles in popular TV-productions like The Squeaker, Tatort, Derrick or Der Kommissar but also in movie versions of Brecht's Dreigroschenoper (1962) or the Nibelungen (1966–67).
Probably his most significant success was the role of a veterinary in the 1980s TV-production Ein Heim für Tiere. Wischnewski was twice married to the actress Suzanne Ritter, from 1948 till 1956 and 1963 till Wischnewski's death of bronchial cancer at Königswinter in 1989.

## Selected filmography

* Jons und Erdme (1959)
* The Last Witness (1960)
* The Liar (1961)
* He Can't Stop Doing It (1962)
* The Squeaker (1963)
* Three Penny Opera [de] (1963)
* Tim Frazer: Der Fall Salinger [de] (1964, TV miniseries)
* In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer [de] (1964, TV film)
* Melissa [de] (1966, TV miniseries)
* The Investigation [de] (1966, TV film)
* Die Nibelungen (1966/67)
* Dead Run (1967)
* The Long Day of Inspector Blomfield (1968)
* Der Senator (1968, TV film)
* Rotmord (1969, TV film)
* Maximilian von Mexiko (1970, TV miniseries)
* Friede den Hütten! Krieg den Palästen! (1970, TV film)
* Butterflies Don't Cry [de] (1970)
* Immobilien (1973, TV film)
* Bauern, Bonzen und Bomben [de] (1973, TV miniseries)
* Zwei himmlische Dickschädel (1974)
* Die Stadt im Tal [de] (1975, TV film)
* Der tödliche Schlag (1975, TV film)
* Derrick - Season 2, Episode 10: "Kamillas junger Freund" (1975, TV series episode)
* Strongman Ferdinand [de; fr; it] (1976)
* Sladek oder Die schwarze Armee (1976, TV film)
* Bei Westwind hört man keinen Schuß [de] (1976, TV film)
* Generale – Anatomie der Marneschlacht [de] (1977, TV film)
* The Devil's Bed [de] (1978)
* Die Quelle (1979, TV film)
* Es begann bei Tiffany [de] (1979, TV film)
* Derrick - Season 6, Episode 05: "Die Puppe" (1979, TV series episode)
* Derrick - Season 7, Episode 03: "Ein Lied aus Theben" (1980, TV series episode)
* Derrick - Season 7, Episode 10: "Eine unheimlich starke Persönlichkeit" (1980, TV series episode)
* Exil (1981, TV miniseries)
* Derrick - Season 10, Episode 3: "Geheimnisse einer Nacht" (1983, TV series episode)
* Vor dem Sturm [de] (1984, TV miniseries)
* Die Rückkehr der Zeitmaschine [de] (1984, TV film)
# Chemistry set (disambiguation)

A chemistry set is an educational toy enabling simple chemistry experiments.
Chemistry set may also refer to:
* Chemistry Set (band), Seattle, Washington, late 1980s
* The Chemistry Set (British band), London, England psych-pop band, 1988-present
* The Chemistry Set (American band), Dallas, Texas, mid-2000s
# Hierodula venosa

Hierodula venosa is a species of praying mantis in the family Mantidae.
# Brian Kozak Award

The Brian Kozak Award is presented annually to the Manitoba Junior Hockey League's defenceman who demonstrates throughout the season the greatest all-round ability in the position during the regular season. The award was first presented in 1977.

## MJHL Top Defencemen

| Season | Winner | Team |
| 2014 | Joel Messner | Selkirk Steelers |
| 2008 | Jason Gray | Winnipeg South Blues |
| 2007 | Wade Poplawski | Winnipeg South Blues |
| 2006 | Ryan Constant | OCN Blizzard |
| 2005 | Devrin Stonehouse | Neepawa Natives |
| 2003 | Colin Tetrault | Southeast Blades |
| 2002 | Steve Mullin | Winkler Flyers |
| 2001 | Derek Miller | Neepawa Natives |
| 1996 | Troy Christensen | Winnipeg Saints |
| 1995 | Troy Christensen | St. Boniface Saints |
| 1982 | Grant Ledyard | Fort Garry Blues |
| 1977 | Mark Johnston | Portage Terriers |
# Herward Smithy

Herward Smithy is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in the preserved county of Clwyd, north Wales.
# Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925

The Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1925 was a piece of legislation in British India which legally defined Sikh identity and brought Sikh gurdwaras (houses of worship) under the control of an elected body of orthodox Sikhs.

## Gurdwara reform movement

Prior to 1925, a large proportion of the gurdwaras in India were under the control of clergy of the Udasi denomination of Sikhism. The Udasi differed from their mainline Sikh congregants, and due to differences in theology (such as syncretic Hindu practices) as well as some instances of malfeasance were seen as allowing or committing behaviours unsuitable for a gurdwara. By the 1920s, resentment of this perceived corruption led to the foundation of the Akali Movement which negotiated or forced Udasi mahants (religious heads) out of control of key gurdwaras.

## Legislation

Among the issues addressed by the legislation:
* Identification as a Sikh was defined by the attestation: One who professes the Sikh religion - I solemnly affirm that I am a Sikh, that I believe in the Guru Granth Sahib, that I believe in the Ten Gurus, and that I have no other religion. This definition was to stand until 1945.
* Custody of historic Sikh shrines would pass to the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, a Sikh-led committee.
* The SGPC, formed in 1920, was defined as consisting of 120 practicing Sikhs, the heads of the Panj Takht (five primary Sikh gurdwaras), 12 appointees from the Princely States, and "14 co-opted members".
# Sikh Gurdwara of Eugene

The Sikh Gurdwara of Eugene, also known as Guru Ram Das Gurdwara, is a Sikh ashram community in Eugene, Oregon founded in 1970 by Yogi Bhajan sent Sat Kirpal Singh.

## History

Yogi Bhajan, a frequent visitor Eugene, founded the gurdwara in 1970. After the events of 11 September 2001, some members started the Interfaith Prayer Service International, a religious interfaith non-profit group. It is the longest-running interfaith service in the United States.
The Sikh Gurdwara of Eugene was involved in a lawsuit with the Golden Temple company in 2009. The gurdwara also hosts breakfasts for homeless persons six times per year, and holds regular Kundalini Yoga classes taught by Yogi Bhajan, one of the first to publicly teach that form of yoga.
# Hidari

Hidari is the Japanese word for "left" or "left hand side"
* Hidari (skipper), a butterfly
* Hidari (band)

## People

* Hidari (illustrator)
* Bokuzen Hidari (左 卜全 1894–1971) Japanese actor and comedian
* Hidari Jingorō (左 甚五郎) was a possibly fictitious Japanese artist, sculptor and carpenter
* Sachiko Hidari (左 幸子 1930–2001) Japanese film actress
# Bridgeport station

Bridgeport may refer to the following railway stations:
* Bridgeport station (Connecticut), a train station in Bridgeport, Connecticut
* Bridgeport station (SEPTA), a station on the SEPTA Norristown High Speed Line in Bridgeport, Pennsylvania
* Bridgeport station (SkyTrain), a light metro station on the Canada Line in Richmond, British Columbia
# Cherrydale (Greenville, South Carolina)

Cherrydale is a historic house in Greenville County, South Carolina, which serves as headquarters for the Furman University alumni association and as a venue for small dinners and receptions. It is a 4,960 square-foot, two-story building, with eleven rooms, eight fireplaces, and five bathrooms.
Mostly likely between 1852 and 1857, one George Washington Green built a modest, one-story farmhouse—now the rear wing of Cherrydale—at the foot of Piney Mountain in Greenville County. In 1857 Green sold the house and surrounding acreage to James Clement Furman (1809-1891), a Baptist clergyman and first president of Furman University, a school named for his father. Before 1860, Furman and his wife, Mary Glen Davis Furman, extensively remodeled the house, adding four rooms and a new entrance with a front porch, four Greek-Revival-style columns, and a three-bay portico. The Furmans eventually named the renovated house "Cherrydale," though Greenvillians also called it Furman Hall. During the 1860s the house was surrounded by a 1,200 acre plantation that grew corn, cotton, peaches, apples, and cherries and which served as the primary source of Furman's income during the Civil War.
After the death of Mary Furman in 1911, ownership passed to the Furman children. Mamie Furman Goldsmith lived there until the mid-1930s, after which it was used to store farm equipment. In 1939 Goldsmith sold the house to prominent textile manufacturer Eugene E. Stone III (1916-2004), who intended to demolish it before putting up a clothing manufacturing plant. His wife, Allene Wyman "Linky" Stone (1912-1998), persuaded him instead to restore and modernize the house, which was in poor condition and lacked plumbing, central heating, and electricity.
After Stone had acquired Umbro International, he extensively renovated Cherrydale in 1997 for use as a corporate guest house. The following year Umbro closed all its U. S. manufacturing operations, and the shopping center developer AIG Baker purchased the Cherrydale property. The Stones then donated Cherrydale to Furman University. On March 7–8, 1999, the university (after overcoming significant logistical problems) moved the house more than three miles north to its campus off Poinsett Highway (U.S. 276).
Cherrydale was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 17, 1976; but following the relocation, it was removed on December 8, 2005. Although the National Register generally excludes structures moved from their original locations, the Greenville County Historic Preservation Commission has argued that Cherrydale satisfies an exemption for structures moved after their period of historic significance and that Cherrydale retains "a high degree of architectural integrity."
# Maria Velten

Maria Velten (1916 – June 9, 2008) was a German serial killer, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for three murders. Maria Velten died in 2008 in a nursing home after having been released from prison for health reasons.
Velten was a war widow with six children, two of them conceived after the war. In 1983, she was arrested after one of her daughters-in-law told her lawyer that her mother-in-law had poisoned her two husbands. Following investigations by the police revealed that Velten had killed in about 20 years - from 1963 to 1982 - a total of five people: her father, an aunt, two husbands and a partner. She mixed parathion with bilberry pudding, as the colour of the pudding covered the blue warning colour of the poison. Therefore, she was referred to in the tabloid press as "Bilberry Mariechen" and "The Poison Witch from Lower Rhine".
Maria Velten killed mainly for financial reasons; however, most of the time she did not spend on herself, but gave it to her children and grandchildren.
In 2009, a documentary about Velten was broadcast on German television (ARD). The accompanying text from the film states:
   "Here we have the classic case of a poison murder series committed by a woman. Women usually kill out of a situation of weakness to protect themselves or their families in a situation that is considered unbearable. If the deed succeeds because it has gone undetected, the temptation to undertake the seemingly simple way of solving conflicts again becomes great. Also witnessed in women who had always been perceived as weak and as victims, the killings give a sense of power: they will master over life and death in their environment."
The case was also featured in a RTL series Anwälte der Toten.

## Film

* ARD: The Bilberry Mariechen. Documentary by Ute Bönnen and Gerald Endres. (2009)
# Chicks with Guns

Chicks with Guns is a photo-book created by Lindsay McCrum. Lindsay McCrum is a fine arts photographer, and resides in both New York and California. Ms. McCrum received her undergraduate degree from Yale University and her Masters of Fine Arts from the San Francisco Art Institute.
"Chicks with Guns" features portraits of American women from different backgrounds with their firearms. The book serves to explore the issues of self-image and gender roles by challenging assumptions of gun ownership. The women were all different, ranging from hunters, police officers, sportswomen, and competitive shooters. Some weapons are collectible, others are still active. During the photography, McCrum photographed 280 women, selecting only 81 after the final editing process. The oldest female participant was 85 years old. The youngest female participant was 8 years old.
McCrum stated that the idea for photo-book came after reading an article in The Economist which described the large size of the American gun industry. McCrum did not create "Chicks with Guns" for political statement amongst controversy. McCrum does not own a gun.

## Reception

The book was well-received selling out on Amazon on its first day. McCrum made it clear that she has no personal involvement with firearms.
# Bregovina

Bregovina (Serbian Cyrillic:Бреговина) is a village in the municipality of Prokuplje, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 70 people.

## History

The Drengrad archaeological site located in the village, which includes the ruins of a 6th-century fort, is part of the Cultural Heritage of Serbia list, inscribed in 1982–83.
Toponyms such as Arbanaška and Đjake show an historic Albanian presence in the Toplica and Southern Morava regions that dates to the pre-medieval era. In the 19th century, the Toplica region had an Albanian majority, as did the town of Prokuplje and the village of Bregovina. The village of Bregovina was completely ethnically Albanian, and the Albanians of the village spoke in the Gheg dialect of Albanian; they were also Muslims.
During the 1877–1878 period, these Albanians from Bregovina were expelled by Serbian forces in a way that today would be characterized as ethnic cleansing. It is estimated that around 11,437 Albanians left their homes in 119 villages in the Prokuplje district with the arrival of the Serbian army, including the village of Bregovina. The Albanian migrants from this region became known as Muhaxhirs and they mostly migrated to what is today modern Kosovo, which was back then the Vilayet of Kosovo of the Ottoman Empire.
# Higashikanbara District, Niigata

Higashikanbara (東蒲原郡, Higashikanbara-gun) is a district located in Niigata, Japan.
As of July 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 10,327 with a density of 10.8 persons per km$^2$. The total area is 952.89 km$^2$.

## Municipalities

The district consists of only one town:
* Aga

## History

* The district was once belonged to Aizu clan and later became part of Wakamatsu Prefecture then to Fukushima Prefecture until 1889 when the district was transferred to Niigata Prefecture.

### Recent mergers

* On April 1, 2005 - The towns of Kanose and Tsugawa, and the villages of Kamikawa and Mikawa were merged to form the town of Aga.
# Chiayi Cultural and Creative Industries Park

The Chiayi Cultural and Creative Industries Park (traditional Chinese: 嘉義文創園區; simplified Chinese: 嘉义文创园区; pinyin: Jiāyì Wénchuàng Yuánqū) or G9 Creative Park is a multi-purpose park in West District, Chiayi City, Taiwan.

## History

The area was originally opened in 1916 as Chiayi Brewery by the Japanese government. In 1922, the brewery company went public. In the 1970s, local people began referring the brewery as Chiayi Old Distillery (traditional Chinese: 嘉義舊酒廠; simplified Chinese: 嘉义旧酒厂). It operated until 1999 when the Jiji earthquake destroyed the brewery chimney from 53 meters high to just 18 meters. Soon later it was then converted into the Chiayi Cultural and Creative Industries Park and was opened in 2003. On 11 January 2016, the park underwent three-year major renovation by the Ministry of Culture.

## Architecture

The park consists of 21 buildings.

## Transportation

The park is accessible within walking distance south west from Chiayi Station of Taiwan Railways.
# Marjorie Mars

Marjorie Mars (31 January 1903 – 22 December 1991) was a British stage actress who also appeared in film and television. She appeared frequently in the West End. She made her West End debut in the musical A Night Out at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1920. In 1937 she appeared as Nell Gwynn in the historical play Thank You, Mr. Pepys!. In 1950 she was in the cast of the first West End version of the musical Carousel.
On screen she made her debut in the 1928 silent film Yellow Stockings and appeared in a supporting role in the 1945 film Brief Encounter. She featured many early BBC television films, often adapted directly from plays.
She was married to the television producer and director Graeme Muir from 1941 to his death in 1987.

## Selected filmography

* Yellow Stockings (1928)
* Maid Happy (1933)
* The Crouching Beast (1935)
* The Shadow of Mike Emerald (1936)
* Spy of Napoleon (1936)
* Brief Encounter (1945)
* Take My Life (1947)
# Hille Sarapuu

Hille Sarapuu (since 1970 Bachmann; born 12 December 1937) is an Estonian speed skater, cyclist and motorcycle rider.
She was born in Tallinn.
She began her skating career in 1952. She is multiple-times Estonian champion in different speed skating disciplines.
In 1954 she won two silver medals at Estonian championships in cycling.
Since 1956 she started her career in motocross, coached by Virve Lauri. 1962-1965 she won 4 medals at Soviet Union motocross championships.
1961 she played a role in the film Dangerous Curves. On 25 July 1968, while a member of the Soviet delegation to the International Motorsport Federation returning home from Vienna, Sarapuu defected at an Austrian police station. She refused to meet with representatives of the Soviet Union. She soon moved on to the United States, where she has made a permanent home. In the United States, she began working as a hairdresser and now lives in Baltimore.
# Chicken riggies

Chicken riggies or Utica riggies is an Italian-American pasta dish native to the Utica–Rome area of New York State. Although many variations exist, it is a pasta-based dish typically consisting of chicken, rigatoni, and hot or sweet peppers in a spicy cream and tomato sauce. Many of the chefs from the Utica area seem to have a claim to the dish, yet there seems to be no clear idea who was the originator.
# Chersodoma

Chersodoma is a genus of South American flowering plants in the daisy family. Members of this genus or dioecious shrubs or subshrubs.

## Species

* Chersodoma antennaria - Peru, Bolivia
* Chersodoma arequipensis - Peru, Chile
* Chersodoma argentina - northwestern Argentina
* Chersodoma candida - Peru, Bolivia, Argentina
* Chersodoma deltoidea - Peru
* Chersodoma glabriuscula - northwestern Argentina
* Chersodoma jodopappa - northwestern Argentina, northern Chile, Peru, Bolivia
* Chersodoma juanisernii - Peru
* Chersodoma ovopedata - Peru
# Kinskey

Kinskey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dave Kinskey, American politician
* Leonid Kinskey (1903–1998), Russian-German-American actor
* Mary Aquinas Kinskey (1894–1985), American aviator
# Heraldia nocturna

The upside-down pipefish (Heraldia nocturna) is a species of pipefish endemic to the coasts of southern Australia, from New South Wales to Geographe Bay in Western Australia, where it is found in rocky reefs at depths of from 2 to 15 metres (6.6 to 49.2 ft). It grows to a length of 9.2 centimetres (3.6 in) SL. This species is the only known member of its genus. Like other pipefish it is ovoviviparous but it may breed seasonally, as gravid males have been collected between September and November.

## Etymology

This genus was named in honor of Earl Stannard Herald, an American expert on syngnathids who died as a result of a diving accident off of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. The common name, "upside-down pipefish", comes from its habit of swimming upside down in caves before emerging at night to feed, and this nocturnal habit gives rise to its specific name, nocturna.