OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ThermaCare

ThermaCare is a brand name of a disposable heating pad made by Angelini.
The brand was first introduced in 2001 by Procter & Gamble. P&G sold the Thermacare brand to Wyeth in 2008 and merged with Pfizer in 2009. Another merger occurred between Pfizer's and GlaxoSmithKline's consumer healthcare divisions, and the brand was sold to the Italian pharmaceutical company Angelini in 2021.

## Application

ThermaCare is a type of Continuous Low-level Heat-wrap Therapy (CLHT), that activates upon contact with air, providing approximately eight hours of heat directly where the heat-wrap is applied. Thermacare heat-wraps are designed for specific applications, including neck or wrist pain, lower back pain, knee pain, and menstrual cramps. Continuous Low-level Heat-wrap Therapy (CLHT) has been shown to provide better results than cold therapy in the early treatment and prevention of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) - muscle soreness that occurs within 1 to 2 days of physical exertion.
In a low back pain study conducted at the U.S. Spine & Sport Foundation in San Diego, California in 2006, participants treated with Continuous Low-level Heat-wrap Therapy (CLHT) prior to exercise reported less intense pain and less trouble moving after 24 hours than the control group. Study participants treated with the heat-wraps also showed greater (138%) pain relief than those who received standard cold pack treatment, according to the study's research director, John Mayer, Ph.D. The study concluded that heat-wraps were effective in the early treatment and prevention of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) - soreness that occurs within 1-2 days of physical exertion.
Thermacare heat-wraps have been studied in 13 randomized controlled clinical trials for muscle pain relief efficacy. When applied to the lower back muscles, it provided greater pain relief for 24 hours after application when compared to ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and no treatment. When the same product was applied to the wrist, it decreased pain and improved range of motion (ROM) in patients experiencing wrist pain.

## Mechanism

It was developed in 1997 as a portable heat wrap for the treatment of back pain that didn't use counter-irritants such as menthol or capsaicin. It's designed as a cloth wrap that houses several small disks made of iron powder, activated charcoal, sodium chloride, and water. When the wrap is removed from its sealed pouch and exposed to oxygen, the disks oxidize in an exothermic reaction. This mechanism allows portable heat wraps to maintain their heat for the entire 90-minute application, compared to conventional silicate-gel hot packs that start to lose heat at 15–20 minutes. Similar to silicate-gel hot packs, the average temperature increase of the paraspinal muscles is 2.2°C, at 1.5cm depth and 1.1°C at 2cm.
# Therma (disambiguation)

Therma was a Greek city founded by Eretrians or Corinthians in late 7th century BC in ancient Mygdonia.
Therma may also refer to:
* Thermi, the modern municipality near Thessaloniki, Greece
* Therma (Icaria), the ancient town of Icaria
* Termini Imerese, the ancient city in Sicily
* Therma, Samothrace, a village in Greece
* Thermae, Roman baths
# Severs

Severs may refer to:
* Severs or Severians, an East Slavic tribe
* Sever's disease, an inflammation of the back heel
* Severs Hotel (Muskogee, Oklahoma), a hotel in Muskogee, Oklahoma

## People with last name "Severs"

* Chad Severs (born 1982), American soccer player
* Dennis Severs, previous resident of Dennis Severs' House
* Michael Severs, American guitarist
# Severs Block

Built between 1904 and 1907, the Severs Block at 101 E. 6th St. in Okmulgee, Oklahoma is a two-story generally rectangular brick building which incorporates an earlier two-story stone building (now the west wall and a part of the rear wall). The 1882 F.B. Severs’ General Store was a Romanesque structure, the second stone building in all of Okmulgee and the first two-story stone building. Frederick Severs himself expanded his building with the new construction that included storefronts and office space. The canted corner entrance faces the Creek National Capitol. The building was rehabilitated in 1989; that renovation reversed extensive remodeling efforts made in 1954, reconstructed the entry from historical photographs, and generally returned the building to its appearance at the time of its construction.
Severs Block is significant in the area’s history. The original Severs Building was the primary supplier of general goods in the Creek Nation from 1882 until the turn of the century, and the Severs Block played a significant role In Okmulgee’s commercial development through the first half of the 20th Century. It is also an excellent example of pre-Statehood commercial buildings.
The Severs Block was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 1991.
It was further included on the National Register again as a contributing building in the 1992 listing of the Okmulgee Downtown Historic District.
# Servia

Servia or Servian refers to:
* The historical English term, taken from the Greek language, used in relation with Serbia, Serbs or the Serbian language
* Servia, Greece, a town in northern Greece
* Servia, Indiana, a town in the United States
* Servia, Washington, a place in Adams County, Washington, United States
* Servia, West Virginia, a community in Braxton County, West Virginia, United States
* Servian, Hérault, a commune of the Hérault département in France
* SS Servia, a 19th-century British ship of the Cunard Line
* Servian Wall, a wall built through southern Rome when Rome was still a city-state
* Oriol Servià, a Spanish IndyCar driver
# Mark Mullins (economist)

Mark Mullins is a Canadian economist and a former executive director of the Fraser Institute.

## Background and education

Born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in 1961, he holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Saskatchewan, a Master of Arts from the University of Western Ontario, and a Doctor of Philosophy from the London School of Economics. His PhD thesis (1990) was titled Stock market prices: Determinants and consequences.

## Bay Street years

Mullins was senior vice president and chief economist at Midland Walwyn Capital Inc. He then served as President of MSG Hedge Corporation, a privately owned consulting firm.

## Political involvement

Mullins has been a policy advisor to the Canadian Alliance, the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, and the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.
When the Ontario PC Party under Mike Harris published their "Common Sense Revolution" while campaigning in the 1995 Ontario provincial election, Mullins was quoted at the start of the document as saying: "This plan will work. The Mike Harris plan to cut provincial income tax rates by 30% and non-priority services spending by 20% will give Ontario a balanced budget within four years, and create more than 725,000 new jobs."

## Fraser Institute

He was the executive director of the Fraser Institute from 2005 to 2009, taking over from founder Michael Walker. Prior to assuming this position Mullins served as the director of Ontario Policy Studies at the organization.
The Fraser Institute grew under Mullins' direction, with annual fundraising of over $12 million a year.
After four years as executive director of the Fraser Institute, Mullins resigned stating that he had gone on to meet "other challenges."

## Post Fraser Institute

Mark Mullins is currently CEO of Veras Inc., a consulting and advisory firm specializing in finance and economics. He is a regular media commentator and is a member of the CBC television panel of economists on The National.
He is a member of Ontario's Task Force on Competitiveness, Productivity and Economic Progress and a council member with NSERC, the federal government's natural sciences and engineering research granting agency.
# 2010 in esports

2010 in esports

## Calendar of events

| Date | Game | Event | Location | Winner/s |
| January 10 | numerous games | MLG Orlando 2009 | | |
| January 17 | Counter-Strike Quake Live World of WarCraft | IEM Season IV - European Championship Finals | | |
| January 17 | StarCraft: Brood War | EVER OSL 2009 | South Korea | Lee "Flash" Young-ho |
| January 23 | StarCraft: Brood War | NATE MSL 2009 | | |
| March 6 | Counter-Strike Quake Live World of Warcraft | IEM Season IV - World Championship | Hanover, Germany | Natus Vincere Shane "rapha" Hendrixson Evil Geniuses |
| April 18 | | MLG Orlando 2010 | Orlando, Florida | |
| May 22 | StarCraft: Brood War | Korean Air OSL #1 2010 | South Korea | Kim "EffOrt" Jung Woo |
| May 29 | StarCraft: Brood War | Hana Daetoo MSL 2010 | South Korea | Lee "Flash" Young Ho |
| June 13 | Counter-Strike | EPS Germany Season 16 Finals | Germany | Mousesports |
| July 4 | Numerous games | Electronic Sports World Cup 2010 | Disneyland Paris | |
| July 9–11 | Fighting games | Evolution 2010 | Las Vegas, Nevada, US | |
| July 18 | Counter-Strike | Arbalet Cup Dallas 2010 | Dallas, Texas | Natus Vincere |
| July 27 | StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty released | StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty released | StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty released | StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty released |
| August 1 | Numerous games | IEM Season V - Shanghai | Shanghai, China | |
| August 15 | Counter-Strike WarCraft III | WEG e-Stars 2010 | | |
| August 15 | Quake Live | QuakeCon 2010 | | |
| August 28 | StarCraft: Brood War | Bigfile MSL 2010 | | |
| August 29 | | MLG Raleigh 2010 | | |
| September 11 | StarCraft: Brood War | Korean Air OSL #2 2010 | South Korea | Lee "Flash" Young Ho |
| October 2 | StarCraft II | GSL Open Season 1 | Seoul, South Korea | Kim "FruitDealer" Won-gi |
| October 3 | Numerous games | World Cyber Games 2010 | Los Angeles, CA | |
| October 3 | | WCG Ultimate Gamer Season 2 | | |
| October 3 | | WCG Ultimate Gamer Season 1 | | |
| October 17 | Starcraft II | MLG D.C. 2010 | Washington, D.C. | IdrA |
| October 23 | StarCraft II Warcraft III | BlizzCon 2010 | Anaheim, California | Jeong "Genius" Min-soo Kim "ReMinD" Sung-sik |
| October 30 | Counter-Strike Warcraft III | International e-Sports Festival 2010 | | |
| November 7 | Counter-Strike Warcraft III | World e-Sports Masters 2010 | Hangzhou, China | |
| November 7 | Numerous games | MLG Dallas 2010 | | |
| November 13 | StarCraft II | GSL Open Season 2 | Seoul, South Korea | Lim "NesTea" Jae-duk |
| November 28 | Counter-Strike | DreamHack Winter 2010 | Jönköping, Sweden | Natus Vincere |
| December 5 | Counter-Strike: Source | EPS Germany Season 17 Finals | Cologne, Germany | mortal Teamwork |
| December 18 | Starcraft II | GSL Open Season 3 | Seoul, South Korea | Jang "MC" Min-chul |
# Toluenediamine

Toluenediamine may refer to these isomeric organic compounds with the formula C$_6$H$_3$(NH$_2$)$_2$(CH$_3$):
* 2,4-Diaminotoluene, precursor to toluene diisocyanate and azo dye.
* 2,6-Diaminotoluene, a common impurity in 2,4-diaminotoluene
* 2,5-Diaminotoluene, precursor to hair dyes.
# Christian Hopkins

Christian "Chris" James Hopkins (born February 26, 1985) is a former American football tight end. He played college football at the university of Toledo and high school football at Hyde Park High School in Chicago. He was signed by the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent on July 30, 2011. Hopkins earned a Super Bowl ring as a member of the Giants team who topped the New England Patriots by a score of 21–17 in Super Bowl XLVI on February 5, 2012.
# Belʹkovich (crater)

Belʹkovich is a large lunar impact crater of the form termed a walled plain. The formation has been heavily eroded by a history of subsequent impacts, leaving it reshaped, worn, and the features softened and rounded. Belʹkovich is located along the northeastern limb of the Moon, and so its visibility is subject to libration effects. From the Earth this crater is viewed from the side, making it difficult to view it in detail.
Belʹkovich intrudes into the northeast portion of the Mare Humboldtianum, and the mare area outside the rim consists of hilly, irregular surface that covers much of the northern half of the lunar mare. The younger crater Hayn intrudes into the northwest rim of Belʹkovich, and the satellite crater Belʹkovich K lies across the northeast rim. In the south, the lava-flooded crater Belʹkovich A cuts across the southern rim, and its western rim is overlain in turn by the small, bowl-shaped Belʹkovich B.
Apart from the intersecting crater formations, the outer rim of Belʹkovich has been degraded and reshaped until it now consists of a roughly circular range of mountains and hills. The northern and northeastern parts of the crater floor and rim is an irregular surface of many small hillocks. The southeast quadrant of the interior is nearly as irregular, and contains a number of small craterlets. Only in the western part of the floor is the surface relatively flat. From here a slender rille extends to the east-southeast before bending to the southeast.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Belʹkovich.
| Belʹkovich | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 58.7° N | 86.0° E | 58 km |
| B | 58.9° N | 85.0° E | 13 km |
| K | 63.8° N | 93.6° E | 47 km |
# Cheerleader Camp (disambiguation)

Cheerleader Camp may refer to:
* Cheerleader Camp, a 1988 movie starring Betsy Russell.
* Cheerleader Camp (2007 film), a television movie starring Kristin Cavallari.
* Cheerleading, organized routines to cheer on sports teams.
# The Voice of Memory

The Voice of Memory is a 1997 collection of interviews, originally published in Primo Levi: Conversazioni e interviste.
* This article about an anthology of written works is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nanae

Nanae may refer to:
* Nanae (given name), a feminine Japanese given name
* Nanae, Hokkaido, a town in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan
** Nanae Station, a railway station in the town of Nanae
* news.admin.net-abuse.email, a Usenet newsgroup
# Nanaddan Divisional Secretariat

Nanaddan Divisional Secretariat is a Divisional Secretariat of Mannar District, of Northern Province, Sri Lanka.
# Sun and Moon Bay

Sun and Moon Bay (Chinese: 日月湾; pinyin: Rì Yuè Wān), also known as Riyue Bay, is located approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Wanning, Hainan, China. It is around 4.5 km (2.8 mi) long, and has been the site of numerous surfing events. The Sun and Moon Bay Haimen Tourism Area is located here.
The Shenzhou railway station is situated approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) northeast from this bay.
# Suntan

Suntan may refer to:
* Sun tanning
* Suntan (apple), a cultivar
* Lockheed CL-400 Suntan, a concept aircraft
* Suntan (1976 film), a Bollywood drama film
* Suntan (2016 film), a Greek drama film
* Project Suntan, a NASA project involving liquid nitrogen research
# Kyoto University of the Arts

Kyoto University of the Arts (京都芸術大学, Kyōto geijutsu daigaku) , official abbreviated name is "Urigei", "Kyoto Urigei" (瓜芸、京都瓜芸, Ūrigei, Kyōto Ūrigei). It is a for-profit private university in Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan. It is a four-year college established in 1991, known as the Kyoto University of Art and Design (京都造形芸術大学, Kyōto zōkei geijutsu daigaku). The name of the university was changed to Kyoto University of the Arts in 2020.

## Departments and Faculties

* Faculty of Art and Design
** Department of Fine and Applied Arts
** Department of Manga
** Department of Character Design
** Department of Information Design
** Department of Product Design
** Department of Spatial Design
** Department of Environmental Design
** Department of Film Production
** Department of Performing Arts
** Department of Creative Writing
** Department of Art Studies and Cultural Production
** Department of Art and Child Studies
** Department of Historical Heritage
# L-lysine-lactamase

In enzymology, a L-lysine-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    L-lysine 1,6-lactam + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ L-lysine
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-lysine 1,6-lactam and H$_2$O, whereas its product is L-lysine.
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-lysine-1,6-lactam lactamhydrolase. Other names in common use include L-alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase, and L-lysinamidase.
# Supercoco

Supercoco are a coconut candy from Colombia. The rectangular candy are packaged in green wrapping with yellow writing and are brown in color.
# Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College

Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College (JMC; Chinese: 南昌大学江西医学院), also known as the Faculty of Medicine, Nanchang University (Chinese: 南昌大学医学部), is the medical school of Nanchang University in Nanchang, Jiangxi province. It is a National Key University under the administration of the Jiangxi Provincial Government.

## History

Founded in 1921, the Faculty of Medicine of Nanchang University was originally named Jiangxi Public Medical School, which was the earliest medical school in Jiangxi Province. In 1958, the school was merged with the 8th Military Medical School of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, and changed its name to Jiangxi Medical College. In 2005, a merger was implemented between Jiangxi Medical College and Nanchang University. Since then, the combined body has used the new name, Faculty of Medicine of Nanchang University. In its long history of development, the college has evolved a philosophy of "High Morals with Outstanding Expertise" and spirit of "strictness, diligence, solidarity, and innovation" along with profound cultural deposits.
# Henderson Station One

Henderson Station One (HMP&L One) was a coal-fired power station owned and operated by the city of Henderson, Kentucky.
Citing rising costs and mounting environmental regulations, Henderson Municipal Power and Light closed its 58-year-old Station One power plant on Water Street by December 31, 2008.
It has since been replaced by Henderson Station Two (HMP&L Two) as a part of Sebree Station.
# Centre de la Mer et des Eaux

The Centre de la Mer et des Eaux was an aquarium and museum of marine life located in the 5th arrondissement in the building of the Institut Océanographique at 195, rue Saint-Jacques, Paris, France. It closed in November 2010. Dedicated to the dissemination of scientific culture concerning the marine world and to the development of knowledge of the ocean, it included a library, seven aquariums, and presented permanent and temporary exhibitions, as well as scientific mediations, animations and workshops.
The Institut Océanographique was established in 1906 by Albert I, Prince of Monaco, and inaugurated in 1911. In addition to research laboratories and amphitheaters, the institute contained the Centre de la Mer et des Eaux dedicated to educating the public about marine life and related environmental issues. Its displays presented aspects of oceanography and marine technology, as well as scale models, reconstructions of marine landscapes, and aquariums.
The center included a set of 6 aquariums, each containing from 500 to 4,000 litres (130 to 1,060 US gal) of seawater for a total volume of 15,000 litres (4,000 US gal), as follows:
* Pool 1 – fish of the coral reef
* Pool 2 – reef coral and fauna that live within it
* Pool 3 – Brightly colored fish
* Pool 4 – Small fish
* Pool 5 – Clown fish and sea anemone
* Pool 6 – The French Atlantic coast (shellfish, sea urchins, sea anemones, and starfish, in water chilled to 12 °C)
An additional terrarium contained turtles that had been given to the museum when they had become too large and aggressive for home cultivation. Special displays explained the richness of life in coastal and around hydrothermal vents, and illustrated the relationships between humans and four types of shellfish (scallop, oyster, cowry, and the nautilus).
# Tebelelo Seretse

Tebelelo Mazile Seretse was the first woman to serve as ambassador to the United States from Botswana (effective February 14, 2011). While a member of Parliament from 1999 - 2004, she had three Cabinet level positions: Acting Minister of Presidential Affairs, Minister of Trade and Industry, Wildlife and Tourism and Minister of Works, Transport and Communications.
She was also Director and Chairperson of RPC Data Limited, "the largest integrated information technology services company in Botswana."
Seretse graduated from Morgan State University with a BA in Economics and a BA in Accounting before earning a MA from the University of Cincinnati and an LL.B. law degree from the University of Botswana.
In September 2021, the Minister of Tertiary Education, Research, Science and Technology (MoTE), Dr. Douglas Letsholathebe, announced the appointment of Ambassador Tebelelo Mazile Seretse as the Chancellor of the University of Botswana.The appointment was made by President Mokgweetsi Masisi and is effective from 1 September 2021 until 31 August 2026.
# Safeguarding of Industries (Customs Duties) Act 1925

The Safeguarding of Industries (Customs Duties) Act 1925 (15 & 16 Geo. 5. c. 79) imposed duties on cutlery, gloves, and incandescent mantles imported into Britain. Collectively, these industries amounted to approximately 3% of Britain's manufacturing output. The duties were temporary, remaining in effect for five years, from December 1925 to December 1930. For cutlery and gloves, the duties were 33$^{1/3}$% ad valorem, while for incandescent mantles the duty was 6 shillings per gross. These import duties were applied upon the recommendation of committees convened by the Board of Trade, in accordance with the 'safeguarding of industries' procedure, set out in a government white paper in 1925.
Unlike the Safeguarding of Industries Act 1921, which was primarily intended to protect industries significant to national security, the Safeguarding of Industries (Customs Duties) Act 1925 was motivated by rising unemployment in those industries to which it applied safeguarding duties. The 1925 Act was the only piece of legislation solely arising out of the safeguarding of industries procedure. Other safeguarding duties were legislated as part of the Finance Acts of 1925-1928.
# Cheerla Vari Kandrika

Cheerla Vari Kandrika is a very remote village located in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
In the rainy seasons, there is a chance of sudden floods due to the water streams, blocking the roads to the village.
The village doesn't have proper road or public transport facilities, and is located 70 kilometres (43 mi) from district head quarters