OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yellow-spotted river turtle

The yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle (Podocnemis unifilis), also known commonly as the yellow-headed sideneck turtle and the yellow-spotted river turtle, and locally as the taricaya, is one of the largest South American river turtles.
Podocnemis unifilis is a type of side-necked turtles, so called because they do not pull their heads directly into their shells, but rather bend their necks sideways to tuck their heads under the rim of their shells. Side-neck turtles are classified as members of the suborder Pleurodira.

## Description

Podocnemis unifilis is a large turtle, and can grow up to 45 cm long and weigh up to 8 kg. This species can be recognized by its black or brown oval carapace (upper shell) with distinctive low keels on the second and third scutes. Yellow spots on the side of its head give this species its common name. These spots are most prominent in juveniles and fade with age. Females can be up to twice the size of males.

## Distribution and habitat

These turtles are native to South America's Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as rivers systems of the Guianas. They are found in tributaries and large lakes, naturally calm waters.

## Ecology

During the flood season, turtles may venture into flooded forests or floodplain lakes. They feed on fruits, seeds, weeds, aquatic plants, fish, and small invertebrates.
The females lay two clutches of eggs each year, each with four to 35 eggs in it. They make their nests in sandy areas on the banks of rivers, where the eggs will hatch 66 to 159 days after they are laid. The eggs are laid at the peak of dry season so the nest will not be washed away with the floods of the rainy season. Eggs incubated below 32 degrees Celsius will hatch as males, while those incubated above 32 degrees Celsius will hatch as females. Within a few days after hatching, the young turtles begin to forage for food alone. This food includes vegetable matter, grasses, fruits, leaves, carrion and mollusks.

## Threats and conservation

Podocnemis unifilis was one of the foreign species exploited by the American pet turtle trade in the 1960s. This species is at risk of predation by humans, birds, snakes, large fish, frogs and mammals. Importation of this species is now strictly regulated by federal law, but a captive, self-sustaining population exists in the United States – some groups in zoos, others in the hands of private collectors. Individuals of this species have lived more than 30 years in captivity.
# Ternary signal

In telecommunications, a ternary signal is a signal that can assume, at any given instant, one of three states or significant conditions, such as power level, phase position, pulse duration, or frequency.
Examples of ternary signals are (a) a pulse that can have a positive, zero, or negative voltage value at any given instant (PAM-3), (b) a sine wave that can assume phases of 0°, 120°, or 240° relative to a clock pulse (3-PSK), and (c) a carrier signal that can assume any one of three different frequencies depending on three different modulation signal significant conditions (3-FM).
Some examples of PAM-3 line codes that use ternary signals are:
* hybrid ternary code
* bipolar encoding
* MLT-3 encoding used in 100BASE-TX Ethernet
* B3ZS
* 4B3T used in some ISDN basic rate interface
* 8B6T used in 100BASE-T4 Ethernet
* return-to-zero
* SOQPSK-TG uses ternary continuous phase modulation
3-PSK can be seen as falling between "binary phase-shift keying" (BPSK), which uses two phases, and "quadrature phase-shift keying" (QPSK), which uses four phases.
# United States Team Handball Federation

United States Team Handball Federation was the governing body for handball in the United States from 1959 until 2006. The successor USA Team Handball is funded in part by the U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Committee in 2008.
United States Team Handball Federation organized the participation of U.S. national teams in international competitions, such as the Summer Olympics and the Pan American Games.

## List of presidents

The first president was elected in 1959.
| Nr. | Name | From | To |
| 1 | Walter Schuette | 1959 | |
| 2 | Eric Ross | | 1972 |
| 3 | Peter Buehning Sr. | 1973 | 1994 |
| 4 | Thomas Rosandich | 1995 | 1995 |
| 5 | Dennis Berkholtz | 1996 | 2000 |
| 6 | Bob Djokovich | 2001 | 2004 |
| 7 | Mike Hurdle | | |
# Yakabaşı, Abana

Yakabaşı is a village in the Abana District of Kastamonu Province in Turkey. Its population is 72 (2021).
# Teracotona murtafaa

Teracotona murtafaa is a moth in the family Erebidae. It was described by Wiltshire in 1980. It is found in Oman.
# Infrared (disambiguation)

Infrared is electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum.
Infrared may also refer to:
* Infrared spectroscopy, a subset of spectroscopy
* Infrared homing device, a type of infrared device
* Consumer infrared, as used in wireless remote controls, keyboards, and other devices
* Infrared (record label), a UK-based record label
* "Infra-Red" (Placebo song)
* Infra-Red (Three Days Grace song)
* "Infrared" (Pusha T song)
* "Infrared" (Vybz Kartel & Masicka song)
# Talk Is Cheap Vol II

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Talk Is Cheap: Volume 2 is the 12th live spoken word album by Henry Rollins, released January 23, 2003 on 2.13.61 Records. Talk Is Cheap: Volume 1 was recorded the previous night at the Enmore Theater.

## Topics

Spazz Mit Microphone
* Pauline Hanson
* Australia
* TV shows: Big Brother, Survivor, "Surviving Henry"
* Bill Clinton's impeachment
* U.S. Navy submarine commander Scott Waddle - accidentally destroyed a Japanese fishing boat on February 9, 2001, with the USS Greeneville
Happy Birthday
* Growing old
* Nick Cave
* Henry's experience at his first Birthday Party concert in 1983
Early Retirement
* Growing old
* Shifting from boyhood to manhood; girls into women
It's Kiss!
* Henry's experience going to his first Kiss concert in 2000
** Henry's Kiss-fanatic bandmates
** San Bernardino, CA
** The men and women of the Kiss Army
** Wal-Mart
** Ted Nugent
* Playing at a music festival in Germany with Macy Gray
The Wisdom of Gene and Paul
* Not burning out as you grow older
* Traveling
India
* Henry's experience visiting India for the first time
* Over-consumption in America & trying to stay low to the ground

## Track listing
### Disc 1

* "Spazz Mit Microphone" - 12:44
* "Happy Birthday" - 5:52
* "Early Retirement" - 18:44
* "It's Kiss! Pt. 1" - 38:37

### Disc 2

* "It's Kiss! Pt. 2" - 29:27
* "The Wisdom of Gene and Paul" - 4:03
* "India" - 6:44

## Credits

* Randy Fransz - Recording
* Rae Di Leo - Mixing
* Dave Chapple - Design
* Mike Curtis - Tour Management
# Boari

Boari is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adamo Boari (1863–1928), Italian civil engineer and architect
* Lucilla Boari (born 1997), Italian archer
# Clay Township, Wayne County, Indiana

Clay Township is one of fifteen townships in Wayne County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 1,169 and it contained 445 housing units.

## History

Clay Township was organized in 1832.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 19.91 square miles (51.6 km$^2$), of which 19.84 square miles (51.4 km$^2$) (or 99.65%) is land and 0.06 square miles (0.16 km$^2$) (or 0.30%) is water. The streams of Our Run and Pale Run pass through this township.

### Cities and towns

* Greens Fork

### Unincorporated towns

(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

### Adjacent townships

* Green Township (northeast)
* Center Township (southeast)
* Harrison Township (southwest)
* Jefferson Township (west)
* Perry Township (northwest)

### Cemeteries

The township contains two cemeteries: Fairfield and Greens Fork.

### Major highways

* Indiana State Road 38
# String Quartet No. 2 (Bartók)

The String Quartet No. 2 in A minor by Béla Bartók was written between 1915 and October 1917 in Rákoskeresztúr in Hungary. It is one of six string quartets by Bartok.
The work is in three movements:
* Moderato
* Allegro molto capriccioso
* Lento
In a letter to André Gertier, Bartók described the first movement as being in sonata form, the second as "a kind of rondo" and the third as "difficult to define" but possibly a sort of ternary form. Zoltán Kodály, who thought of the three movements of this quartet as "life episodes," heard "peaceful life" in the first movement, and for all its roiling emotions, the movement does indeed leave an impression of tranquility at the end.
The brooding, intense last movement (Kodály heard it as "suffering") is particularly funereal because it is as immobile as the second movement is animated. Long stretches are rhythmically static, and the parts that do move are often interrupted by silence.
The work was dedicated to the Waldbauer-Kerpely String Quartet [hu], who gave the piece its premiere on 3 March 1918 in Budapest. The work was first published in 1920 by Universal Edition.

## Discography

| Year | Performer | Label |
# Thomas Rooke

Thomas Rooke may refer to:
* Thomas Charles Byde Rooke, English physician who married into the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii
* Thomas Matthews Rooke, British watercolourist
# Metropolitan Remand Centre

The Metropolitan Remand Centre (abbreviated and commonly referred to as MRC) is an Australian prison located at Ravenhall, Victoria, approximately 20 kilometres from the Melbourne CBD on the Western Freeway (Deer Park Bypass). The prison is a maximum security remand facility which opened in April 2006 and is operated by the Victorian Department of Justice and Regulation.
The majority of MRC's inmates are held awaiting the outcome of their court case, some inmates have been sentenced and are waiting for appeals to be heard and a small number are sentenced prisoners transferred to free up beds at HM Melbourne Assessment Prison.

## Accommodation

Accommodation consists of four 75-bed general (mainstream) units, one 100-bed protection unit (called Deakin), 200 beds in various units allocated for special needs such as vulnerable or young adult prisoners and a 13-bed management unit.
Two new units were built and commissioned in late 2014.
The inmates unit is divided into 3 areas (A, B and C) which are separated by the officer's post. Being located centrally, officers can monitor activities in each area at a glance.

## Incidents

On 30 June 2015, 400 prisoners at the centre rioted, the largest riot in Victoria's history, the day before the implementation of a smoking ban across all prisons in Victoria. The prison was also overcrowded housing 918 prisoners when it was designed to house 613. Inmates attacked guards with rocks and tear gas, made makeshift weapons, broke into the Central Control Movement, lit numerous fires, damaged cell doors, damaged internal security, fire and communication panels, and rammed internal gates with vehicles. Corrections Victoria locked down all Victorian prisons. The riot was resolved after 15 hours with prisoners surrendering to the Corrections Victoria Security and Emergency Services Group (SESG) after they entered the prison supported by the Victoria Police Critical Incident Response Team (CIRT), and police Air Wing helicopter overhead and on the perimeter by police Special Operations Group (SOG) members with their armoured vehicle. Three staff received minor injuries and up to six prisoners were injured with the damage to the prison estimated to be between $10 and $12 million.
# Brechmorhoga praecox

Brechmorhoga praecox, the slender clubskimmer, is a species of skimmer in the dragonfly family Libellulidae. It is found in Central America and South America.
The IUCN conservation status of Brechmorhoga praecox is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2017.

## Subspecies

These three subspecies belong to the species Brechmorhoga praecox:
* Brechmorhoga praecox grenadensis Kirby, 1894
* Brechmorhoga praecox postlobata Calvert, 1898
* Brechmorhoga praecox praecox (Hagen, 1861)
# Stenostola atra

Stenostola atra is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1951. It is known from China.
# United Citizens' Alarm

The United Citizens' Alarm (UCA, formerly the Utah Citizens' Alarm) is an armed right-wing militia group in Utah, United States. Founded in 2020 in opposition to Black Lives Matter (BLM), the group has been considered a part of the U.S. extreme right, with some members being associated with the far-right Proud Boys.

## History

The group's founder is Casey Robertson. A former Democrat turned pro-Trump Republican, Robertson's parents both work in U.S. law enforcement). He founded the group in opposition to a BLM counter-demonstration to a police protest, when a driver of an SUV drove through the crowd and was subsequently shot. The group's main organization was its Facebook page and members of the militia include former military and law enforcement individuals, and have faced no resistance from authorities or law enforcement.
Robertson has pushed conspiracy theories relating to anti-fascist protesters (antifa) and BLM, claiming that they have both been funded by the Islamic State (ISIS) to destroy American values as fifth columnists. UCA believes that there will be an upcoming civil war instigated by underground militant forces, including BLM and antifa, and that it will be the job of UCA and the militia movement to defend the U.S. from attack.

## Methods

The group's tactics are suppressive; UTA members go to rallies throughout Utah with 30–1,000 members, wearing military-style uniforms and bulletproof vests while they observe rallies. They claim that they are at these groups to prevent damage to property, and openly carry weapons with them, taking advantage of both the Second Amendment and Utah's open carry laws.
This has been seen by civil rights groups as having a chilling effect on canceling protests, as organizers fear that the presence of armed UTA members would lead to violence. Jason Stevens, of American Civil Liberties Union chapter in Utah, drew parallels between these tactics and intimidation tactics used against black protesters in the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Their paramilitary tactics have been criticized by the Institute for Constitutional Advocacy and Protection at Georgetown University Law Center, and has raised concerns over voter intimidation in the presidential election of 2020.
In response, some groups and individuals – such as BLM activist and guns' rights proponent John Sullivan and his group, Insurgence USA – brought arms to protests for self-defence, and encouraged other protesters to do the same.
On July 22, 20 armed UCA members confronted Sullivan at an armed protest. On October 2, 2020, a UCA counter-protester was charged with assault at a BLM rally.

## On social media

In August 2020, Utah Citizen's Alarm group was on Facebook – which had nearly 20,000 members at the time – was banned for violating Facebook's new policy on groups, which aimed to "[take] action against Facebook pages, groups and Instagram accounts tied to offline anarchist groups that support violent acts amidst protests, U.S. based militia organizations and QAnon." Robertson denied that UCA supported violence.
# Tai (caste)

The Tai are a Muslim community found in the state of Gujarat in India. There is also a large diaspora in the city of Karachi in Pakistan.
# Tylodontia

Tylodontia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae.
Its native range is Cuba.
Species:
* Tylodontia cubensis Griseb.
* Tylodontia fuscula (C.Wright) Mangelsdorff, Meve & Liede
* Tylodontia stipitata Mangelsdorff, Meve & Liede
* Tylodontia urceolata (Griseb.) Mangelsdorff, Meve & Liede
# Schlee

Schlee is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Aldyr Schlee (1934–2018), Brazilian writer, journalist, translator, illustrator and professor
* Ann Schlee (born 1934), American-born English novelist
* Charles Schlee (1873–1947), American racing cyclist
* Clive Schlee, British businessman
* Collin Schlee (born 2001), American football player
* John Schlee (1939–2000), American golfer
* Nick Schlee (born 1931), English painter
* Rudolf Schlee, recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
* Thomas Daniel Schlee (born 1957), Austrian composer, arts administrator, and organist
* Valentina Schlee (c.1899–1989), Russian émigrée American-based fashion designer and theatrical costume designer
# String Quartet No. 2 (Bloch)

The String Quartet No. 2 by Ernest Bloch was composed between 1940 and 1945. The quartet averages 34 minutes to perform. Bloch wrote it following a close study of Beethoven's sketches for the Eroica symphony.
After its premiere, Ernest Newman called the String Quartet No. 2 "the finest work of our time in this genre, one that is worthy to stand beside the last quartets of Beethoven". The composer himself called it "dry, not easy to listen to … and I doubt it will be liked".
Today it is typically regarded as the finest of Bloch's five quartets. Only in the second quartet did Bloch find a synthesis between formal sonata form structure and his "fundamentally improvisational and rhapsodic" thought, avoiding the weaknesses of cyclic procedures often evident in other works.

## Structure

The quartet is scored for 2 violins, viola and cello and is in four movements:
* Moderato
* Presto
* Andante
* Allegro molto
# Thomas Ronayne

Thomas Ronayne ISO (1849 – 7 September 1925) was a New Zealand public servant involved in railway management. He was the general manager of New Zealand Railways from 1895 to 1913. He was a member of the New Zealand Railways Board, and was accidentally killed while inspecting the Clydevale mine near Westport on the West Coast.

## Biography

Ronayne was born in Youghal, County Cork, Ireland, in 1849, and was apprenticed in Manchester and Dublin. He arrived in New Zealand in 1875, and was put in charge of railway works at Helensville in 1875, Greymouth in 1876, and Addington in 1878. In 1890, he organised the Greymouth–Brunner Line.
Ronayne was appointed the general manager of New Zealand Railways from the start of 1895, and in 1906 he represented New Zealand at the International Railway Congress. He was succeeded as general manager by Ernest Hiley in September 1913, and was appointed a Companion of the Imperial Service Order in the 1914 King's Birthday Honours.
Following World War I, Ronayne served as a director of a number of small coal-mining companies on the West Coast. In that capacity, he visited the Clydevale mine at Seddonville with other directors on 7 September 1925. They travelled in one of the tubs of the aerial tramway, and heavy rain started; Ronayne covered his head with a sack, despite warnings from the mine manager. The sack dislodged the tub pin, causing the tub to tip, and Ronayne fell to the ground 25 feet below, dying from a fractured skull. An inquest at Seddonville returned a verdict of accidental death.
# Stanisław Hutten-Czapski

Stanisław hrabia Hutten-Czapski, of Leliwa (b. 1779 in Nyasvizh, d. 1844 in Kėdainiai) was a Polish Count, who later became a decorated Colonel during the Napoleonic wars. He was the son of Franciszek Stanisław Hutten-Czapski, the governor of Chełmno and Veronica Radziwill (1754-Unknown), sister of Prince Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł.

## Early life

Stanisław and his brother Karol spent their childhood at the Nesvizh Castle with their uncle Prince Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, the wealthiest magnate of Poland and Lithuania. They were then educated by Piarist Fathers in a college in Vilnius.

## Napoleonic Wars

Stanisław Hutten-Czapski was in the Polish Legions.

### Invasion of Russia of 1812

In July, 1812, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte appointed Stanisław as Colonel and commander of the 22nd Lithuanian Infantry Regiment. With it, he partook in the beginning of Napoleon's invasion of Russia, fighting bravely in the battle of Kaidanava, for which he was awarded Virtuti Militari. During Napoleon's retreat from Russia, Stanisław fought in the battle of Berezina.

### German Campaign of 1813

During the German Campaign of 1813, Czapski fought in the Battle of Dresden with his regiment and was awarded the French Legion of Honour for his conduct. He later fought in the Battle of Hanau in October 1813, in which his close friend Prince Dominik Hieronim Radzivil was killed.

## Estates

The Tsarist authorities confiscated his Lithuanian Estates, but later Stanisław and his brother Karol were amnestied by Tsar Alexander I of Russia, and their properties in Lithuania were returned to them.
Stanisław's Lakhva estate was destroyed during the war. He received the Kėdainiai estate in Lithuania as part of his maternal inheritance from the Radziwills. He established himself in Swojatycze, near Minsk, and dedicated himself to agricultural activities, hunting, and purchasing and selling properties. From 1827 to 1844, the count lived in the manor house which he established by the Dotnuvėlė stream near Kėdainiai. Here he took care of agriculture, forestry and raising horses. At the end of his life, he found himself in economic difficulties. He died in 1844. After his death, his eldest son Marian inherited the estate.

## Personal life

In 1810 Stanisław Czapski married Sophia (1797-1866), the daughter of the Castellan of Minsk, Michała Obuchowicza (1760-1818), and had four children: Michalina, Marian, Adolf and Edward. Stanisław's brother Karol married Sophia's sister, Fabianna Obuchowicza (1787-1876).

## Decorations

* Polish Virtuti Militari 3rd class
* French Legion of Honor
# Brazilian fathead anole

There are two species of lizard named Brazilian fathead anole:
* Enyalius boulengeri, native to Brazil
* Enyalius brasiliensis, native to Brazil and Uruguay
# Mayor of Birmingham

Mayor of Birmingham may refer to:

## England

* List of mayors of Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom, a ceremonial figurehead elected by the City Council
* The proposed Mayor of Birmingham, United Kingdom, to be popularly elected executive officer
* Mayor of the West Midlands, who covers the Birmingham metropolitan area

## United States

* List of mayors of Birmingham, Alabama, United States