OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Huochong

Huochong (simplified Chinese: 火铳; traditional Chinese: 火銃) was the Chinese name for hand cannons. The oldest confirmed metal huochong, also the first cannon, is a bronze hand cannon bearing an inscription dating it to 1298 (see Xanadu gun).
By the time of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) two types of huochong were in use. One was a hand held version with a wooden shaft known as a shouchong (手銃) whilst the larger Wankouchong (碗口銃 — bowl-mouthed cannon) or Zhankouchong (盏口銃 — cup-mouthed cannon) rested on a supporting wooden frame. It was invented presumably as an advance in warfare, a new way to fight.
The Wankou Chong, translated literally as bowl-muzzle gun (Chinese: 碗口銃) was a type of Huochong gun used in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. The cannons normally contained black powder, a wooden block or frame to contain the powder, and a large cannonball or a group of smaller cannonballs. The cannon was most commonly used to protect Chinese ports and to defend against pirates. The cannon faded out of use gradually due to its short barrel, slow rate of fire, and short range.

## Gallery

* The Xanadu gun, 1298, is an example of a Wankouchong (碗口銃)
* Bronze cannon with inscription dated the 3rd year of the Zhiyuan era (1332) of the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368); it was discovered at the Yunju Temple of Fangshan District, Beijing in 1935. It is similar to Xanadu gun.
* Replica of Ming dynasty cannons mounted on the opposite direction of a wooden frame, 1372.
* Ming Bronze Gun, 1377 AD, Hongwu Emperor's reign.
* Drawing of a Chinese pole gun found in Java, 1421. It weighed 2.252 kg, length of 357 mm, and caliber of 16 mm. This gun features a rain cover connected with hinge, which is now missing. The hinge is still preserved.
* Chinese hand cannon (Chong), dated 1424. Length 35.7 cm, caliber 15 mm, weight 2.2736 kg.
* Ming copper cannon, 1450 AD.
* A socketed Ming dynasty hand cannon, 1505, from the Zhengde Emperor's reign.
# Brandt (company)

Brandt Zwieback-Schokoladen GmbH + Co. KG is a zwieback and chocolate producer in Germany. The company was established on 12 October 1912 in Hagen by Carl Brandt. In 2007, director Peter Scharf made a documentary on the company's history for WDR.
# Sidgwick

Sidgwick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arthur Sidgwick (1840–1920), English classical scholar and schoolteacher
* Cecily Sidgwick (1854–1934), British novelist
* Eleanor Sidgwick (1845–1936), English activist for higher education of women
* Henry Sidgwick (1838–1900), English philosopher and economist
* Mary Sidgwick Benson (1841–1918), English hostess, wife of Edward Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury
* Nevil Sidgwick (1873–1952), English theoretical chemist
* Robert Sidgwick (1851–1934), English cricketer
* Rose Sidgwick (1877–1918), British university teacher, co-founder of International Federation of University Women
# Brewster Lake

Brewster Lake is a lake on Vancouver Island northwest of Campbell Lake and north west of the city Campbell River.
Brewster lake is a part of a chain of lakes within the Sayward Forest Canoe Route. One of three largest lakes on the route, Brewst paddle with a 0.3 km portage at the most southern tip to Gray Lake and a 2.3 km portage at the most northern shores to Surprise Lake. Brewster is well known for its year round good fishing for cutthroat and rainbow trout and Dolly Varden.
# 2012 Slovenian Supercup

The 2012 Slovenian Supercup was the eighth edition of the Slovenian Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Slovenian PrvaLiga and Slovenian Cup competitions. The match was played on 8 July 2012, in Ljudski vrt stadium between 2011–12 Slovenian PrvaLiga runners-up Olimpija Ljubljana and 2011–12 Slovenian PrvaLiga winners Maribor, as Maribor won both the Slovenian Cup and the Slovenian PrvaLiga in the previous season.

## Match details

| Olimpija | Maribor |
OLIMPIJA: :
| GK | 30 | Elvis Džafić |
| CB | 6 | Aris Zarifović | |
| CB | 26 | Sreten Sretenović (c) |
| LB | 33 | Erik Salkić | 83' |
| RM | 23 | Dalibor Radujko | 59' |
| CM | 5 | Boban Jović | 89' |
| CM | 8 | Damjan Trifković | 62' |
| CM | 25 | Anej Lovrečič |
| LM | 19 | Đorđe Ivelja | 50' 66' |
| FW | 9 | Davor Škerjanc | 46' |
| FW | 10 | Andraž Šporar | |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 1 | Aleksander Šeliga |
| DF | 20 | Antonio Delamea |
| MF | 21 | Nik Omladič | 66' |
| MF | 16 | Blaž Božič | |
| FW | 11 | Filip Valenčič |
| FW | 7 | Franklin Vicente | 46' |
| FW | 15 | Adnan Bešić | 83' |
| Manager: |||
| Ermin Šiljak ||||
MARIBOR: :
| GK | 33 | Jasmin Handanović |
| RB | 7 | Aleš Mejač |
| CB | 22 | Nejc Potokar |
| CB | 26 | Aleksander Rajčević |
| LB | 24 | Dejan Trajkovski |
| RM | 10 | Agim Ibraimi | 78' |
| CM | 5 | Željko Filipović | 27' |
| CM | 70 | Aleš Mertelj | 35' 90' |
| LM | 20 | Goran Cvijanović | 70' |
| FW | 11 | Etien Velikonja | 68' |
| FW | 9 | Marcos Tavares (c) | 89' |
| Substitutes: |||
| GK | 12 | Marko Pridigar |
| DF | 44 | Arghus |
| DF | 35 | Mitja Rešek |
| MF | 8 | Dejan Mezga | 70' |
| MF | 92 | Matic Črnic |
| MF | 55 | Rajko Rep | 89' |
| FW | 32 | Robert Berić | 68' |
| Manager: |||
| Darko Milanič ||||
* Man of the Match:
* Željko Filipović (Maribor)
* Assistant referees:
* Anton Šinkovec
* Vinko Vozlič
* Fourth official:
* Roberto Ponis
* Delegate:
* Vlado Močnik
* Slovenian Supercup 2012 Winners
* Maribor 2nd title
# James Cubitt

James Cubitt (1836–1914) was a Victorian church architect specialising in building non-conformist chapels.

## Background

Cubitt was the son of a Baptist minister, from Norfolk who taught at Spurgeon's Pastor's College in South Norwood Hill — then on the outskirts of London.

## Career

Cubitt was articled to the firm of Isaac Charles Gilbert, in Nottingham (1851–56) and joined W. W. Pocock building chapels for the Wesleyans. From 1862, he formed his own office, forming a partnership with Henry Fuller in 1868.

### Architectural philosophy

Cubitt's philosophy was laid out in his book, Church Design for Congregations. He attacked as obsolete the traditional nave and aisle design. When the "columns are thick or moderately thick, it inevitably shuts out a multitude of people from the service ... When, on the other hand, its columns are thin, the inconvenience is removed, but the architecture is ruined ... The type as it remains is but a shadow of its former self – a medieval church in the last stage of starvation". Too many architects were failing the principal criteria of their brief: "to produce a grand and beautiful church in which everyone could see and hear the service". His chapels are built as broad uncluttered spaces around a central pulpit and Lord's table.

## Works and memorials

Cubitt lived most of his professional life at Loughton, where he built several private houses and three schools. He is commemorated by a blue plaque on Monghyr Cottage, 2 Traps Hill, Loughton, where he died, and was buried in an unmarked grave next to his wife in Loughton Cemetery.

## Works
### Architectural designs

** Emmanuel Congregational Church in Cambridge (1873)
** Union Chapel, Islington (1877).
** Church of the Redeemer, Edgbaston, Birmingham (1882)
** Welsh Presbyterian Chapel on Charing Cross Road (1888)
** Dulwich Grove United Reformed Church (formerly Congregational), East Dulwich London (1890).
** Staples Road Junior School, Loughton (1888)
** Sunnybank, nos 7-9 Woodbury Hill, Loughton, Essex (1889)
** Streatham United Reformed Church (formerly Congregational)on Streatham High Road (1901)

### Publications

* Cubitt, James (1870). Church Designs for Congregations. London: Crosby, Lockwood & Son. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2023..
* Cubitt, James (1892). Nonconformist Church Building. London: James Clarke & Co. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2020..
* Cubitt, James (1911). A Short Specification of Materials, Labour, and Goods, for Works Connected with Buildings. London: Crosby, Lockwood & Son. Retrieved 18 July 2023..
# TV 21 (North Macedonia)

TV 21 is a television channel in North Macedonia. The channel was launched with an initial investment of 6.5 million euros and employs around 100 people. It is the Macedonian version of the Kosovan channel RTV21, and offers programming primarily in Albanian, with occasional content in Macedonian.
# Dhakroi

Dhakroi (Ḍhakroī) is a village in Kishni block of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it had a total population of 2,762, in 474 households.
Majhupur is located nearby.

## Demographics

As of 2011, Dhakroi had a population of 2,762, in 474 households.$^{:235}$ This population was 54.4% male (1,503) and 45.6% female (1,259). The 0-6 age group numbered 341 (183 male and 158 female), or 12.2% of the total population. 379 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 13.7% of the total.$^{:160–1}$
The 1981 census recorded Dhakroi as having a population of 2,047 people, in 295 households.$^{:202–3}$
The 1961 census recorded Dhakroi as comprising 7 hamlets, with a total population of 1,441 people (780 male and 661 female), in 253 households and 214 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,589 acres.$^{:cvi}$

## Infrastructure

As of 2011, Dhakroi had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office and public library, as well as at least some access to electricity for residential and agricultural purposes. Streets were made of both kachcha and pakka materials.$^{:235–40}$
# Clipping (publications)

Clipping is the practice of cutting out articles from a paper publication, such as a newspaper or a magazine. Clippings are commonly used for personal reference, archiving, or preservation of noteworthy events.

## Uses

Newspaper clippings are frequently employed by students to write reports or make presentations on current events for school. Clippings may also be retained by adults for future reference, historical research, or sentimental reasons, such as preserving an article on a significant event, such as the Moon landing or a major sporting event.
Media monitoring services, which track the media exposure of a client, often include the collection of clippings in their offerings. These clippings may be used to gauge the effectiveness of public relations campaigns, track publicity efforts, or monitor the overall media landscape for mentions of a company, individual, or specific topic.

## Collage

Clippings are not only functional but can also serve artistic purposes, particularly in collage art. Artists like Pablo Picasso utilized clippings in their works to create layered and textured pieces. Picasso's "Glass and Bottle of Suze" is a notable example of this technique, where newspaper clippings are combined with other materials to form a cohesive artistic expression.

## Digital Clippings

With the advent of digital media, the concept of clipping has expanded into the digital realm. Digital clippings involve capturing and saving sections of online articles or electronic publications. Tools like Evernote, Pocket, and other web clipping services allow users to save and organize digital clippings for later use.
# Caudron C.270 Luciole

The Caudron C.270 Luciole ("Firefly") was a sporting, touring and trainer aircraft produced in France in the 1930s, derived from the C.230.

## Design and construction

It was a conventional biplane with single-bay, unstaggered wings of equal span. The pilot and a single passenger sat in tandem open cockpits. It featured a fabric-covered fuselage in place of the C.230's wooden one, and other refinements including revised control surfaces and undercarriage, and an improved and simplified wing-folding mechanism.

## Operational history

The type proved immensely successful, with over 700 machines built in the decade leading up to World War II. Of these, 296 were purchased by the French government for its pilot training programme, the Aviation Populaire. Many examples saw wartime service as liaison aircraft, and those surviving the conflict saw postwar use as glider tugs in the Ecole de l'Air.

## On film

* 20th Century Fox used two Lucioles in their 1966 film The Blue Max. These had the rear seat converted into a machine-gun position so that they look like British observation planes. One of these survives on the American registry.
* United Artists used one Luciole for their film Von Richthofen and Brown (released in 1971).
* EMI Films used one Luciole for the 1976 film Aces High, this time reconverted to look like a British Avro 504.

## Variants

* C.270 - first production version with Salmson 7Ac radial engine (82 built)
** C.270/1 - version with Salmson 7Ac2 engine
* C.271 - version with Lorraine 5Pc engine (1 built)
** C.271/2 - version with Lorraine 5Pb engine
* C.272 - version with Renault 4Pb inline engine (52 built)
** C.272/2 - version with Renault 4Pci engine and taller, more pointed tail fin (22 built)
** C.272/3 - version with Renault 4Pdi engine and wheel brakes (15 built)
** C.272/4 - version with Renault 4Pei engine and wheel brakes (21 built)
** C.272/5 - version with Renault 4Pgi engine (80 built)
* C.273 - version with Michel 4A-14 engine (14 built)
* C.274 - version with Chaise 4Ba engine for 1932 Paris Salon de l'Aéronautique (1 built)
* C.275 - main production version derived from C.272/5 but without wing folding (433 built)
* C.276 - version with de Havilland Gipsy III engine
** C.276H - version with Hirth HM 504A-2 engine (2 re-engined from C.276)
* C.277 - similar to C.272/4 with non-folding wings (9 built)
** C.272R - C.275 re-engined with Renault 4Po3 after the war (1 converted)
* C.278 - version with new undercarriage and Salmson 9Nc engine to compete in Challenge 1932 (1 built)

## Operators
### France

* French Air Force

### Spain

* Spanish Republican Air Force

## Specifications (C.272)

General characteristics
* Crew: One pilot
* Capacity: 1 passenger
* Length: 7.67 m (25 ft 2 in)
* Wingspan: 9.90 m (32 ft 5 in)
* Height: 2.76 m (9 ft 1 in)
* Wing area: 24.0 m$^2$ (258 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 516 kg (1,138 lb)
* Gross weight: 780 kg (1,720 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Renault 4Pb , 71 kW (95 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 158 km/h (98 mph, 85 kn)
* Range: 500 km (311 mi, 270 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 4,000 m (13,120 ft)
# Marina Yurchenya

Marina Yurchenya (born 9 November 1959) is a Soviet former breaststroke swimmer who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Darwin (lunar crater)

Darwin is a lunar impact crater of the type categorised as a walled plain. It lies in the southeastern part of the Moon, and is sufficiently close to the limb to appear significantly foreshortened when viewed from the Earth. Attached to its southern rim is Lamarck. To the northeast is the dark-floored crater Crüger.
The outer rim of this formation has been significantly disintegrated by the nearby impacts. The southern and northern parts of the rim in particular are all but destroyed. The eastern rim is somewhat worn but intact, and several small craters lie along the southwestern rim. The satellite crater Darwin B, a fairly large formation with a diameter of 56 kilometers, is attached to the outer western rim.
Parts of the interior floor of Darwin have been resurfaced. The southern floor of Darwin is only roughly level, with irregular surface features and several small craters. There is a dune-like set of hills in the northeast part of the floor, which is "decelerated surface-flow ejecta" from the Orientale basin impact that struck the eastern rim. In the western floor is a large, low, somewhat irregular dome, one of the few such features not found on a mare. There is also the remnant of a small crater at the southern end of the floor.
A system of rilles cut across the northern part of the floor, crossing the eastern rim and continuing to the southeast. These rilles are designated the Rimae Darwin, and they stretch for a distance of about 280 kilometers. To the east of Darwin, this system of rilles crosses Rima Sirsalis, a wide rille that follows a line to the northeast.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Darwin.
| Darwin | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 21.8° S | 73.0° W | 24 km |
| B | 19.9° S | 72.2° W | 56 km |
| C | 20.5° S | 71.0° W | 16 km |
| F | 21.0° S | 71.0° W | 18 km |
| G | 21.5° S | 70.7° W | 17 km |
| H | 21.0° S | 68.8° W | 30 km |
# Jacques Nicolas Ernest Germain de Saint-Pierre

Jacques Nicolas Ernest Germain de Saint-Pierre (1 December 1814, Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier – 28 June 1882, Hyères) was a French botanist. The plant genera Diserneston of the family Apiaceae and Ernestella and Saintpierrea of the family Rosaceae were named in his honor.
He was one of fifteen founding members of Société botanique de France (SBF), an institution that was established on 24 May 1854.

## Publications

* Atlas de la Flore des Environs de Paris (Atlas of the flora in environs around Paris), with Ernest Cosson (1819-1889), 1845
* Guide du botaniste ou Conseil pratique sur l'étude de la botanique (Botanist's guide or practical counsel on the study of botany), edited by Victor Masson, 1852
* Nouveau Dictionnaire de botanique comprenant la description des familles naturelles, les propriétés médicales et les usages économiques des plants, la morphologie et la biologie des végétaux (New dictionary of botany including the description of natural families, medical properties and economic uses of plants, morphology and biology of plants), 1870.
# Vladislava Ukraintseva

Vladislava Ukraintseva (born 20 October 1971) is a Russian sailor. She competed in the women's 470 event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Club Atlético Engranaje

Club Atlético Engranaje, known simply as Engranaje, is an Argentine football club located in Concepción del Uruguay, Entre Ríos Province. The team currently plays in the Liga de fútbol de Concepción del Uruguay.
The club was founded on August 4, 1954, by staff, students and graduates of the local vocational school Escuela de Aprendices. The peculiar name of the club comes from the Spanish word for gear, an important element in mechanical engineering.
# Yakeen (1969 film)

Yakeen is an Indian film directed by Brij Sadanah released in 1969. The movie stars Dharmendra and Sharmila Tagore. Dharmendra appears in a double role where one character plays the role of villain in the movie. The supporting cast includes David and M. B. Shetty. The music composed is by Shankar Jaikishan.
The movie was a major success at the box office reinforcing Dharmendra's star status in 1969.

## Plot

Rajesh is a scientist. He is injured following instructions of Dr. Sharma in a secret experiment and granted leave. Rajesh lives with his dog, cook Bhola. He is in love with Rita. Rajesh goes to meet Rita and asks for her hand from her mother, who agrees. He finds his things spread on bed on returning to his hotel room. Shetty fools Bhola and takes pictures of Rajesh's house. Sharma calls him during his leave. He meets Sharma, but is surprised to know that Sharma did not call him. He and Sharma quarrel when he asks for leave to marry. Rajesh reaches office on being called by Sharma, but finds him murdered. Rajesh goes to call the police and returns with them to find the body missing. Intelligence chief Mr Roy and his assistant Mr. D'Mello ask Rajesh to take the murder blame of Sharma, so that miscreants after Sharma's research can be caught. Roy devises an escape plan for Rajesh, but it goes wrong and Rajesh is kidnapped by Shetty and taken to Mozambique. Rajesh is imprisoned and a look alike named Garson is sent to India. Garson is with blue eyes and a voice different from Rajesh's. Garson uses contact lenses and gets a throat operation to portray Rajesh's voice. His unconscious body is found in an Indian sea. Rita accepts him as Rajesh, although she has some misgivings after he touches the feet of another lady instead of Rita's mother. Rita is pregnant with Rajesh's baby. Garson is given a similar mole as Rajesh. Rajesh's dog and cook realize what has happened, so Garson kills them to avoid their exposing him. The authorities are also less trusting. Will Garson be caught out or not and end up marrying the pregnant Rita? Will Rajesh manage to escape and make it back to India to expose and kill Garson?

## Cast

* Dharmendra - Rajesh / Garson (Dual Role)
* Sharmila Tagore - Rita
* David Abraham - Mr. Roy
* Kamini Kaushal... Rita's Mother
* Anwar Hussain... Mr. D'Mello
* Asit Sen... Bhola
* Brahma Bharadwaj... Dr. Sharma
* Gautam Mukherjee... Mr. Shrivastav
* Vinod Mehra
* Master Shahid... Billu
* Neelam
* M. B. Shetty... Photographer
* Devi Chand
* Harbans Singh
* Sunder (actor)... Grandfather of the guy who found body at the beach
* Moosa
* Mukri... Father of the guy who found body at the beach
* Corrina... Dancer
* Sherry
* Deven Verma... Guy who found body at the beach (uncredited)
* Mohammad Uddin
* Helen as Night Club performer in song "Bachke Kahan Jaoge"
# Cherrydale (disambiguation)

Cherrydale may refer to:
* Cherrydale, Arlington County, Virginia, a neighborhood
** Cherrydale Volunteer Fire House
* Cherrydale (Turkey, North Carolina), a NRHP-listed house
* Cherrydale (Greenville, South Carolina), a historic house
# James Farewell

James Farewell (1666–1689) was a lawyer and poet, chiefly remembered as the author of The Irish Hudibras, a caricature of Irish customs and language based on Book VI of Virgil's Aeneid.

## Background

He was the son of Thomas Farewell of Horsington, Somerset, England, and educated at Sherborne, then to Wadham College, Oxford, which he left without a degree and proceeded to Lincoln's Inn to study law.

## The Irish Hudibras

In 1689 Farewell published The Irish Hudibras or Fingallian Prince, a humorous retelling of Book VI of Virgil's Aeneid transferred to the scene of Stuart Ireland relating the adventures of an Irish prince Nees. The poem somewhat savagely caricatures Irish customs and the people of Fingal in particular to portray the Irish as superstitious, ignorant and uncivilised.
While in many ways a typical work of a Protestant Englishman of the times, the work is nevertheless remarkable for its deep knowledge of the Hiberno-English of the late seventeenth century, and it remains an important source on the life and customs of life and language in Ireland of this period.
The Oxford antiquary Anthony Wood described Farewell as "a witty young man and tolerable poet". He died of smallpox in or near Lincoln's Inn in 1689.
# Jack Harkness (disambiguation)

Jack Harkness is a character played by John Barrowman in Doctor Who and Torchwood.
Jack Harkness may also refer to:
* "Captain Jack Harkness" (Torchwood episode), an episode of Torchwood
** Jack Harkness, played by Matt Rippy, a minor Torchwood character
* Jack Harkness (footballer, born 1907) (1907–1985), Scottish footballer
* Jack Harkness (footballer, born 2004), Scottish footballer
* Jack Harkness (1918–1994), rose breeder with Harkness Roses