OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# CLidar

The CLidar is a scientific instrument used for measuring particulates (aerosols) in the lower atmosphere. CLidar stands for camera lidar, which in turn is a portmanteau of "light" and "radar". It is a form of remote sensing and used for atmospheric physics.

## Description

In this technique a very wide-angle lens images light scattered from a laser beam onto a CCD (Charge-coupled device) camera. The camera is positioned hundreds of meters away from the (usually vertically-pointed) laser beam. The geometry of the CLidar is shown in the figure. It is important in the analysis that the optics, the wide-angle lens in this case, accurately maps equal angles onto an equal number of pixels throughout the 100 degree field-of-view.

## Example

In the second figure, an image from the CCD camera is shown which is analyzed by adding up the individual pixels at each altitude. The camera was 122 meters from the vertically pointed, circularly-polarized laser beam. The beam is brighter near the ground due to near-ground aerosols. A bright spot due to a cloud can be seen near the top of the beam. The beam was positioned diagonally on the CCD array to use the space more effectively. A lighthouse and power pole can also be seen in the image.

## Differences between Lidar and CLidar

The CLidar technique has the advantage over the lidar technique of being able to measure all the way to the ground. This difference derives from their distinct geometric configurations, where in the lidar technique the receiving telescope and sourcing optics are monostatic (axially aligned) while the receiving and outputting optics for the CLidar technique are bistatic (non-zero perpendicular distance between receiving and outputting optics). The signal strength is also much more constant than a lidar signal which can change by many orders of magnitude. It has very high altitude resolution in the lower atmosphere. The instrument components are typically simpler than those in the lidar also.
Disadvantages include poor altitude resolution in the upper atmosphere, difficulty designing optics that gathers substantial amounts of light, and a loss in noise rejection (signal-to-noise ratio).
# Southill, Weymouth

50°37′26″N 2°28′41″W﻿ / ﻿50.624°N 2.478°W﻿ / 50.624; -2.478
Southill, Weymouth is a modern suburb of Weymouth, Dorset, England, and lies about 2 miles (3 km) north of the town centre. It was developed on the western shore of Radipole Lake in several phases from the 1960s onwards.
At its centre lay a post office, confusingly and wrongly named South Hill Post Office, but this closed in January 2007. There is a small shopping centre, a community centre, a church and a pub, the John Gregory. A primary school was built to serve the new estate in the 1970s.
Southill is part of the parish of Radipole, the hill itself coming between Radipole and Weymouth..

## Transportation

The village does not have any bus services as its only service was withdrawn in the 2010s.
# Huk, Norway

59°53′46″N 10°40′30″E﻿ / ﻿59.896°N 10.675°E﻿ / 59.896; 10.675
Huk is a parkland and a sandy beach (Hukodden) at the furthest south of the Bygdøy peninsula west of the city center of Oslo, Norway.
The area was acquired by Aker municipality in 1921. The bathing beach is divided into a regular public beach and a naturist beach area. The naturist beach is on a shank northwest of Hukodden, formerly the garden of the brush manufacturer Jordan.
Jens Stoltenberg's second government bought in 2005 a villa with shoreline bordering the public beach at Huk, and in 2006 opened a new public beach there. The villa was later resold but the shoreline is still open for all.
Just off the beach area are sculptures, Large Arch (1963–1969) by Henry Moore and Icarus (1965) and Døhlen by Anne Sofie Døhlen (1967).
The area is accessible by bus number 30 from central Oslo.
# Huka-huka

Huka-huka is a Brazilian folk wrestling style of the indigenous people of Xingu, in the state of Mato Grosso. It is performed as a ritual fight during the ceremony of Kuarup.

## Rules

Huka-huka starts with the participants on their knees. It begins when the owner of the fight, a male chief, walks to the center of the arena and calls his opponents by name. The fighters kneel rotating clockwise in a circle facing the opponent, until they look at each other and cling, trying to lift the opponent and knock him to the ground The fight is performed by either men and women.

## Huka huka as a martial art

Huka huka is being introduced, experimentally, in the formation of São Paulo State Military Police. The fight is also being studied by mixed martial arts practitioners.
# Clapp Octagon House

The Clapp Octagon House is an historic octagonal house located at 62 Lighthouse Avenue in the historic Lighthouse Park neighborhood on the north end of Anastasia Island in St. Augustine, Florida. It was built in 1886 for Rollin N. Clapp of St. Louis, Missouri.
It is the only classic surviving octagon house in St. Augustine. It has been called: "One of St. Augustine's most important residential buildings."
Later residents include: Mary Antin, author of The Promised Land; Norman MacLeish, artist and brother of Pulitzer Prizewinning poet and Librarian of Congress Archibald MacLeish; and Lea Wells, the first female architect in St. Augustine.
In 1989, it was listed as the Octagon House in A Guide to Florida's Historic Architecture prepared by the Florida Association of the American Institute of Architects and published by the University of Florida Press.
It would have been one of some 30 Contributing properties in the Lighthouse Park Historic District which was proposed in 1993 to the St. Augustine city commission for listing on the National Register of Historic Places, but which was turned down by the commission because of the vehement opposition of some residents, who feared that the district would develop into an historic preservation zoning district, as had some of the historic districts on the mainland in St. Augustine.
An extensive history of the building was written in 1980 by David Nolan, who worked on the official 1978-1980 survey of historic buildings in St. Augustine. A short listing on the house appeared in his book The Houses of St. Augustine in 1995.
# Civil Service Commission (Isle of Man)
## Chairmen

* John Houghton MHK, 2004–present
* George Waft MLC, 1996–2004
* Clare Christian MLC, 1981–1982
* Noel Cringle MLC, 1992–1996
* Walter Gilbey, years unknown
# Humac

Humac may refer to:

## In Bosnia and Herzegovina

* Humac, Bugojno, a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Humac, Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje, a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Humac, Ljubuški, a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina

## In Croatia

* Donji Humac, a village on the island of Brač in Croatia
* Gornji Humac, a village on the island of Brač in Croatia
* Humac, Hvar, a hamlet on the island of Hvar in Croatia
# Sparsh (software)

'SPARSH' is an interaction method to transfer data between digital devices by touch gestures. The Sparsh prototype system is designed and developed by Pranav Mistry, Suranga Nanayakkara of the MIT Media Lab. Sparsh uses touch-based interactions when transferring data, such as photos, text, video, or links, from one device to the other and the data transfer is handled via the cloud.
The user authentication is achieved by face recognition, fingerprint detection, or username-password combination. At present, Sparsh system supports Android and Windows platforms.

## End of Project

As of August 2024, and perhaps earlier, the website of the main developer no longer mentions the project.
The most recent updates in regard to the project may have been in 2013, with the main developer no longer updating their website. It currently simply mentions their career and inability to update the website linking to the archive of the SPARSH project. however, this also simply has the same message and as such does not provide any further information.
It is likely the lead developer, Pranav Mistry, has now left the project behind instead focusing on other elements of his career.
Although the project supports Android it can no longer be found on the google play store, SPARSH rather leading to a pensions app by the Government of India. Due to a lack of up to date websites, it is not possible to determine whether it can still be downloaded for windows or through other methods for Android.
# Space Opera Miniatures

Space Opera Miniatures is a set of miniatures published by Fantasy Games Unlimited for Space Opera.

## Contents

Space Opera Miniatures is a line of 15 mm scale miniatures with each set containing 10 different figures intended to be used to represent characters for Space Opera .

## Reception

William A. Barton reviewed Space Opera Miniatures in The Space Gamer No. 49. Barton commented that "Generally, the Space Opera Miniatures are well-cast and quite suitable for role-playing use, either with Space Opera or mixed (for variety) with figures from other lines for Traveller, Star Patrol, Universe, or any other SF RPG or miniature system."
Ian J. Knight reviewed Space Opera Figures for Imagine magazine, and stated that "The range is nicely detailed, especially about the aliens' faces, full of character, and chunky in the currently popular fashion. The casting is crisp and largely flash-free. It will stretch your painting abilities to do them justice, but the results will stand proudly alongside the best of the existing 15mm ranges."
# 2015 Curaçao national football team results

This is a list of Curaçao national football team games in 2015.
# CSF glucose

CSF glucose or glycorrhachia is a measurement used to determine the concentration of glucose in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

## Normal values in humans

Pathophysiology sample values :
| BMP/ELECTROLYTES: ||||
| Na$^+$ = 140 | Cl$^−$ = 100 | BUN = 20 | / Glu = 150 \ |
| K$^+$ = 4 | CO$_2$ = 22 | PCr = 1.0 | / Glu = 150 \ |
| ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS: ||||
| HCO$_3$$^−$ = 24 | p$_a$CO$_2$ = 40 | p$_a$O$_2$ = 95 | pH = 7.40 |
| ALVEOLAR GAS: ||||
| | p$_A$CO$_2$ = 36 | p$_A$O$_2$ = 105 | A-a g = 10 |
| OTHER: ||||
| Ca = 9.5 | Mg$^{2+}$ = 2.0 | PO$_4$ = 1 | |
| CK = 55 | BE = −0.36 | AG = 16 | |
| SERUM OSMOLARITY/RENAL: ||||
| PMO = 300 | PCO = 295 | POG = 5 | BUN:Cr = 20 |
| URINALYSIS: ||||
| UNa$^+$ = 80 | UCl$^−$ = 100 | UAG = 5 | FENa = 0.95 |
| UK$^+$ = 25 | USG = 1.01 | UCr = 60 | UO = 800 |
| PROTEIN/GI/LIVER FUNCTION TESTS: ||||
| LDH = 100 | TP = 7.6 | AST = 25 | TBIL = 0.7 |
| ALP = 71 | Alb = 4.0 | ALT = 40 | BC = 0.5 |
| | | AST/ALT = 0.6 | BU = 0.2 |
| AF alb = 3.0 | SAAG = 1.0 | | SOG = 60 |
| CSF: ||||
| CSF alb = 30 | CSF glu = 60 | CSF/S alb = 7.5 | CSF/S glu = 0.6 |
The glucose level in CSF is proportional to the blood glucose level and corresponds to 60-70% of the concentration in blood. Therefore, normal CSF glucose levels lie between 2.5 and 4.4 mmol/L (45–80 mg/dL).

## Abnormalities in CSF glucose concentration
### Low CSF glucose levels

Hypoglycorrhachia (low CSF glucose levels) can be caused by CNS infections, inflammatory conditions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), impaired glucose transport (e.g. GLUT1 deficiency syndrome), increased CNS glycolytic activity and metastatic carcinoma.
CSF glucose levels can be useful in distinguishing among causes of meningitis as more than 50% of patients with bacterial meningitis have decreased CSF glucose levels while patients with viral meningitis usually have normal CSF glucose levels. Decrease in glucose levels during a CNS infection is caused due to glycolysis by both white cells and the pathogen, and impaired CSF glucose transport through the blood-brain barrier.

### High CSF glucose levels

There is no pathologic process that directly leads to hyperglycorrhachia (high CSF glucose levels) and therefore, high CSF glucose levels have no specific diagnostic importance.
However, elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) result in elevated CSF glucose levels as the CSF glucose level is proportional to the blood glucose level with glucose being actively transported as well as simply diffusing down the concentration gradient from blood to CSF. In addition, damage to small blood vessels during lumbar puncture (traumatic tap) can lead to an increased CSF glucose since the blood that enters the collected CSF sample contains higher levels of glucose.
CSF glucose levels do not generally exceed 16.7 mmol/L (300 mg/dL).
# Incarcha

Incarcha is a genus of snout moths. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1910 and contains species found in South America.
There are two species recognised in the genus Incarcha:
* Incarcha aporalis Dyar, 1910
* Incarcha argentilinea Druce, 1910
# Yelland (disambiguation)

Yelland is a village in North Devon, England.
Yelland may also refer to:
* Ely Airport or Yelland Field, an airport in Ely, Nevada, United States
* Yelland Stone Rows, an ancient double row of megalithic standing stones in Devon

## People with the surname

* David Yelland (journalist) (born 1963), English journalist and newspaper editor
* David Yelland (actor), British actor
* Hannah Yelland (born 1976), British actress
* Herbert Yelland (1878–1962), Australian politician
* Lewis Yelland Andrews (died 1937), British district commissioner for Galilee (assassinated)
# Inverness-shire Constabulary

The Inverness-shire Constabulary, also called the Inverness County Police, was the police force of the county of Inverness-shire in Scotland.
The force was established in 1840. On 16 November 1968 the Constabulary merged with Inverness Burgh Police to form Inverness Constabulary, which in turn became part of the Northern Constabulary in 1975, which was in turn succeeded by Police Scotland in 2013.

## Organisation

The county was divided into four divisions, which would remain the same for 128 years:
* Inverness
* Lochaber (headquarters in Fort William)
* Skye
* Long Island, covering all the islands in the Outer Hebrides (North Uist, South Uist, Benbecula, Barra, and Harris) except Lewis, which was within Ross-shire
The force was originally commanded by a Superintendent, who also headed the Inverness Division. The other divisions were commanded by Sub Inspectors. These officers were renamed the Chief Constable and Inspectors respectively in 1857.
There were originally nine constables in the Inverness division, three in Lochaber, one in Skye, and two in Long Island, for a force of only nineteen men.
Between 1841 and 1847 the force also policed the Royal Burgh of Inverness, absorbing for that period the Town Officers and Watchmen of the Burgh, until the Inverness Burgh Police was set up as a separate force.
Throughout the existence of the Force, its headquarters were in Inverness Castle, an exclave of Inverness-shire within the boundaries of the Royal Burgh of Inverness.

## Chief Officers

* Eyre John Powell, 16 October 1840–24 August 1841
* John MacBean, 24 October 1841–31 May 1857
* William Murray, 1 June 1857–24 October 1882
* Donald Aitchison (acting), 25 October 1882–1 December 1882
* Alexander McHardy, 2 December 1882–30 April 1911
* Hugh MacLennan (acting), 1 May 1911–1 June 1911
* Major Alexander C. MacLean, 2 June 1911–2 June 1936
* Ewen MacDonald (acting), 3 June 1936–30 November 1936
* William Fraser, 1 December 1936–17 August 1951
* John R. Johnstone, 18 August 1951–28 May 1962
* James A. MacIntyre (acting), 29 May 1962–22 June 1963
* Andrew L. McClure, 23 June 1963–15 November 1968
# Scarlett Raven

Scarlett Raven (born 1986) is an English painter that is known for painting impressionist paintings using augmented reality.

## Career

Raven's artistic approach uses both digital and tangible art. The layers beneath the paintings are accessed using the augmented reality technology supported by the Blippar app. Raven's works have been purchased by people including Orlando Bloom, Mark Owen, and Jim Beach.

## Exhibitions

In July 2017, Raven launched "The Danger Tree" exhibit in Liverpool, England. The exhibition featured oil on canvas paintings with augmented reality layers. Her work was also exhibited at "Queen Themed", an exhibition in celebration of Queen Elizabeth's 90th birthday at Art Below in the summer of 2016.
The mental health charity MIND has helped Raven when she has anxiety. She created and donated an oil and mixed media AR painting called One In Four for MIND to auction. The layers beneath this work is about her anxiety struggle.
# Thomas Reeves

Thomas Reeves may refer to:
* Thomas Reeves (VC) (1828–1862), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
* Thomas James Reeves (1895–1941), US Navy radioman
* Thomas C. Reeves (born 1936), US historian
# Coman (disambiguation)

Coman is a surname.
Coman may also refer to:

## Given name

* Coman Goggins, former Dublin footballer
* Coman mac Faelchon, (fl. 550) founder, abbot and bishop of Roscommon
* Coman of Kinvara, medieval Irish saint

## Other

* Mount Coman, prominent isolated mountain west of the Playfair Mountains in Antarctica
* Coman, a village in Sănduleni Commune, Bacău County, Romania
* Coman tie break, an alternative USTA tie break in Tennis (see Tennis score)
# Michael Windisch

Michael Windisch (born 9 August 1976) is an Austrian former swimmer, who specialized in butterfly and in individual medley events. He is a 2000 Olympian and a member of Wolfsberger Swimming Club in Wolfsberg, Carinthia. While studying in the United States, Windisch was named to the men's GTE Academic All-American athletes' team for the fall season. Although he was born in South Africa, Windisch held a dual residency status to compete internationally for his parents' homeland Austria.
Windisch accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, Nebraska, where he majored in international business, and played for the Nebraska Cornhuskers swimming and diving team under head coach Cal Bentz. While swimming for the Cornhuskers, he received five All-American honours, and set school records in the 500-yard freestyle (4:22.01) and 1650-yard freestyle (15:17.19). He finished fourth in the 400-yard individual medley (3:45.40) at the 2000 NCAA championships, and was also named to the men's GTE Academic All-American athletes' team for the fall season.
Windisch competed in three individual events for Austria at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He achieved a FINA A-cut of 4:22.94 (400 m individual medley) from the US National Championships in Federal Way, Washington. On the second day of the Games, Windisch placed twenty-sixth in the 400 m individual medley. Swimming in heat four, he rounded out the field to last place by 0.24 of a second behind Great Britain's Simon Militis in 4:24.62. Two days later, in the 200 m butterfly, Windisch established an Austrian record of 2:01.20 from heat three, but his time was only enough to pull off a twenty-eighth-place effort. In his final event, 200 m individual medley, Windisch could not achieve his best result on the morning prelims, finishing in twenty-seventh place with a time of 2:05.15.
# Clark Point

Clark Point (66°33′S 123°55′E﻿ / ﻿66.550°S 123.917°E﻿ / -66.550; 123.917) is an ice-covered headland at the east side of the entrance to Paulding Bay. It was delineated by G.D. Blodgett (1955) from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1946–47), and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for George W. Clark, Midshipman on the sloop Peacock during the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes.
# Yassalalaka Tissa

Yassalalaka Tissa was King of Anuradhapura in the 1st century, whose reign lasted from 52 to 60. He succeeded his brother Chandmukha and was succeeded by Subharaja. Yassalalaka, who came to the throne after assassinating his brother, is described in history as a playful as well as a vicious ruler, totally unfit for kingship.

## Subharaja and Yassalalaka Tissa

Historical chronicles tell a wonderful story about king Yassalalakatissa. During the reign of Yassalalaka, a royal gatekeeper, known as 'Subha' served in his palace. Subha was similar to the king's appearance, and was similar enough to create a disguise. Yassalalaka used to adorn Subha with his royal jewels and let him sit in his throne at times. Yassalalaka then wore the gatekeeper's robes and stood at the entrance, watching the ministers worship the gatekeeper, thinking he was the king.
One day, as usual, during the disguise, the king stood at the gate, and Subha ascended the throne. King Yassalalaka Tissa smiled when he saw the ministers coming and bowing to the king's gatekeeper. Seeing this smile, Subha said to the soldiers:
"Embala, why is this immoral gatekeeper [Yassalalaka] laughing in front of me? Take him away immediately and behead him regardless of the protest."
Then, the king's other active soldiers and ministers took the real king and beheaded him despite his opposition. Thus ended the rule of King Yassalalaka Tissa in Anuradhapura.
# Tylogonus

Tylogonus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1902. It is considered a senior synonym of Phintodes.

## Species

As of August 2019 it contains eleven species, found in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama:
* Tylogonus auricapillus Simon, 1902 (type) – Ecuador
* Tylogonus chiriqui Galiano, 1994 – Panama
* Tylogonus miles Simon, 1903 – Venezuela
* Tylogonus parabolicus Galiano, 1985 – Colombia
* Tylogonus parvus Zhang & Maddison, 2012 – Ecuador
* Tylogonus pichincha Galiano, 1985 – Ecuador
* Tylogonus prasinus Simon, 1902 – Brazil
* Tylogonus putumayo Galiano, 1985 – Colombia
* Tylogonus vachoni Galiano, 1960 – Brazil
* Tylogonus viridimicans (Simon, 1901) – Ecuador
* Tylogonus yanayacu Zhang & Maddison, 2012 – Ecuador