OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bicrossed product of Hopf algebra

In quantum group and Hopf algebra, the bicrossed product is a process to create new Hopf algebras from the given ones. It's motivated by the Zappa–Szép product of groups. It was first discussed by M. Takeuchi in 1981, and now a general tool for construction of Drinfeld quantum double.

## Bicrossed product

Consider two bialgebras $A$ and $X$, if there exist linear maps $\alpha :A\otimes X\to X$ turning $X$ a module coalgebra over $A$, and $\beta :A\otimes X\to A$ turning $A$ into a right module coalgebra over $X$. We call them a pair of matched bialgebras, if we set $\alpha (a\otimes x)=a\cdot x$ and $\beta (a\otimes x)=a^{x}$, the following conditions are satisfied
$a\cdot (xy)=\sum _{(a),(x)}(a_{(1)}\cdot x_{(1)})(a_{(2)}^{x_{(2)}}\cdot y)$
$a\cdot 1_{X}=\varepsilon _{A}(a)1_{X}$
$(ab)^{x}=\sum _{(b),(x)}a^{b_{(1)}\cdot x_{(1)}}b_{(2)}^{x_{(2)}}$
$1_{A}^{x}=\varepsilon _{X}(x)1_{A}$
$\sum _{(a),(x)}a_{(1)}^{x_{(1)}}\otimes a_{(2)}\cdot x_{(2)}=\sum _{(a),(x)}a_{(2)}^{x_{(2)}}\otimes a_{(1)}\cdot x_{(1)}$
for all $a,b\in A$ and $x,y\in X$. Here the Sweedler's notation of coproduct of Hopf algebra is used.
For matched pair of Hopf algebras $A$ and $X$, there exists a unique Hopf algebra over $X\otimes A$, the resulting Hopf algebra is called bicrossed product of $A$ and $X$ and denoted by $X\bowtie A$,
* The unit is given by $(1_{X}\otimes 1_{A})$;
* The multiplication is given by $(x\otimes a)(y\otimes b)=\sum _{(a),(y)}x(a_{(1)}\cdot y_{(1)})\otimes a_{(2)}^{y_{(2)}}b$;
* The counit is $\varepsilon (x\otimes a)=\varepsilon _{X}(x)\varepsilon _{A}(a)$;
* The coproduct is $\Delta (x\otimes a)=\sum _{(x),(a)}(x_{(1)}\otimes a_{(1)})\otimes (x_{(2)}\otimes a_{(2)})$;
* The antipode is $S(x\otimes a)=\sum _{(x),(a)}S(a_{(2)})\cdot S(x_{(2)})\otimes S(a_{(1)})^{S(x_{(1)})}$.

## Drinfeld quantum double

For a given Hopf algebra $H$, its dual space $H^{*}$ has a canonical Hopf algebra structure and $H$ and $H^{*cop}$ are matched pairs. In this case, the bicrossed product of them is called Drinfeld quantum double $D(H)=H^{*cop}\bowtie H$.
# HVDC Kingsnorth

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
HVDC Kingsnorth was a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission system connecting Kingsnorth in Kent to two sites in London. It was at one time the only application of the technology of high voltage direct current transmission for the supply of transformer stations in a city, and the first HVDC link to be embedded within an AC system, rather than interconnecting two asynchronous systems. It was also the first HVDC scheme to be equipped with self-tuning harmonic filters and to be controlled with a "Phase Locked Oscillator", a principle which subsequently became standard on all HVDC systems.
It was designed in the late 1960s and went into service in 1974. It ran from Kingsnorth power station as a 59 kilometers long bipolar (3-wire) underground cable. The positive pole operating at a voltage of +266 kV terminated at the converter station in Beddington near Croydon. The negative pole continued to run a further 26 kilometers at -266 kV line to a similar station at Willesden in North London.
There was also the possibility, if the converter station in Kingsnorth was out of service, to run the system as monopolar HVDC between the Beddington and Willesden stations. The HVDC Kingsnorth was one of the last HVDC schemes equipped with mercury vapour rectifiers, which were ARAG/4-valves designed by English Electric. Each converter station for 266 kV consisted of two six-pulse valve bridges for 132 kV switched in series, which were each fed via a star-star and a star-delta connected transformer.
Apart from the Nelson River Bipole 1 system in Canada, all later-built HVDC systems used thyristor valves. The Kingsnorth HVDC scheme could transfer a maximum power of 640 megawatts (320 megawatts per pole).
In 1981, one mercury arc valve at Willesden Static Inverter Plant, was replaced by a H200 thyristor valve, developed by English Electric.
The system described was shut down in 1986 or 1987 following system reinforcement on the network it was embedded in. However the capacitor banks located at Kingsorth were used for voltage control on the network. These were later removed from the system completely in the mid 1980s? (1990s?) as they contained PCB.

## Sites

| Site | Coordinates |
| Kingsnorth converter station (out of service) | 51°25′11″N 0°35′46″E﻿ / ﻿51.41972°N 0.59611°E﻿ / 51.41972; 0.59611﻿ (Kingsnorth Transmission - Kingsnorth converter station) |
| London-Beddington converter station (out of service) | 51°22′23″N 0°7′38″W﻿ / ﻿51.37306°N 0.12722°W﻿ / 51.37306; -0.12722﻿ (Kingsnorth Transmission - Beddington converter station) |
| London-Willesden converter station (out of service) | 51°32′03″N 0°15′29″W﻿ / ﻿51.53417°N 0.25806°W﻿ / 51.53417; -0.25806﻿ (Kingsnorth Transmission - Willesden converter station) |
# HVDC Rihand–Delhi

The HVDC Rihand–Delhi is a HVDC connection between Rihand and Dadri (near Delhi) in India, put into service in 1990. It connects the 3,000 MW coal-based Rihand Thermal Power Station in Uttar Pradesh to the northern region of India. The project has an 814 kilometres (506 mi) long bipolar overhead line. The transmission voltage is 500 kV and the maximum transmission power is 1,500 megawatts. The project was built by ABB.
On 24 June 1990, during the commissioning of the scheme, a complete quadrivalve of the Rihand converter station was destroyed, and the other two quadrivalves of the same pole badly damaged, by a fire which is believed to have started as a result of a loose connection on a grading capacitor. The fire was so intense that the valve hall was structurally damaged, and the affected converter was out of action for 18 months. Similar incidents on the Itaipu project in 1989 and the Sylmar Converter Station of the Pacific DC Intertie scheme in 1993 led to CIGRÉ publishing guidelines on the design of thyristor valves in order to reduce fire risks. In 1996 the National Fire Protection Association published NFPA 850{2} to further enhance fire prevention and protection guidelines base on input from the HVDC manufacturers and utility owners. Since that time, there have been no catastrophic fire incidents in the US or internationally.
HVDC Rihand-Dadri crosses north of E. Manjhpati the HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi. This is the first crossing of two independent HVDC lines in India and one of the few worldwide.

## Sites

| Site | Coordinates |
| Rihand Converter Station | 24°01′13″N 82°47′21″E﻿ / ﻿24.02028°N 82.78917°E﻿ / 24.02028; 82.78917﻿ (Rihand-Delhi Transmission - Rihand Converter Station) |
| Chak Chapki Grounding Electrode | 23°58′17″N 83°0′56″E﻿ / ﻿23.97139°N 83.01556°E﻿ / 23.97139; 83.01556﻿ (Chak Chapki Grounding Electrode) |
| HVDC Rihand-Dadri crosses HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi | 27°22′36″N 78°52′45″E﻿ / ﻿27.37667°N 78.87917°E﻿ / 27.37667; 78.87917﻿ (HVDC Rihand-Dadri crosses HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi) |
| Dadri Converter Station | 28°35′36″N 77°36′16″E﻿ / ﻿28.59333°N 77.60444°E﻿ / 28.59333; 77.60444﻿ (Rihand-Delhi Transmission - Dadri Converter Station) |
| Nanva Ka RajPur Grounding Electrode | 28°22′0″N 77°33′22″E﻿ / ﻿28.36667°N 77.55611°E﻿ / 28.36667; 77.55611﻿ (Nanva Ka RajPur Grounding Electrode) |
# HVDC Mechanicville–Schenectady

HVDC Mechanicville–Schenectady was the first experimental HVDC transmission line in the United States. Built in 1932, the circuit traversed 37 kilometres (23 mi) from Mechanicville, New York to Schenectady, New York.
The system used mercury arc rectifiers at a voltage of 20,000 volts and a rated power of 5 MW. The facility was dismantled after World War II.

## Mechanicville - Schenectady HVDC line

General Electric built an experimental 15 kV DC transmission system with a maximum transmission rate of 150 kW at their plant in Schenectady. In 1932, a 27.4 kilometres long experimental HVDC line designed for a bipolar voltage of 15 kV and a maximum transmission power of 5 MW from Mechanicville Hydroelectric Plant was built. This system first used mercury arc valves, and then later ignitrons, as the first power electronic devices used for HVDC transmission. The line was in service until 1945 and operated in constant current mode. In 1945 the scheme was dismantled.
This experimental system also demonstrated frequency conversion. The Mechanicville plant generated power at 40 Hz, and the HVDC line transmitted power to the Schenectady 60 Hz system.
# Bilibili Video Satellite

Bilibili Video Satellite was launched by Long March 11 on Yellow Sea waters on 15 September 2020. It was China's first custom-made satellite by Chinese internet company Bilibili. The satellite was developed by Chang Guang Satellite Technology Corporation.

## Mission

Bilibili vice chairman and COO Li Ni (李旎) said in 2020 that the satellite would be able to access remote sensing video and could be used to make popular science videos, which was to include science, technology, humanities and other aspects to encourage the younger generation to remain curious and explore. Farther into the future, the satellite is planned to also customize filming missions for Bilibili users, using the satellite to take orbital photos of the Earth.

## Specifications

The satellite was equipped with two high-performance payload cameras, intended to obtain color video images with resolution better than 1.2 m (3.9 ft) covering an area of 14.4 km × 6 km (8.9 mi × 3.7 mi).

## History

On 11 May 2020, the initial satellite was transported to Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. In June 2020, Bilibili announced that the satellite was to have been launched in late June, saying it was "a Children's Day gift". In the event, the launch was delayed.
On 10 July 2020, the initial Bilibili Video Satellite satellite was launched from the Jiuquan Center by the first Kuaizhou 11 rocket. However, the rocket flew abnormally and failed to reach orbit. Bilibili said then that the satellite launch program would continue.
In September 2020, another satellite was launched by a Long March 11 from the Yellow Sea and successfully reached orbit.
# Santa Ynez Fault

Santa Ynez Fault is a left-reverse fault in Santa Barbara County of California. Its length is at least 130 km., running through Santa Ynez and north of nearby Santa Barbara. The Santa Ynez Mountains were uplifted within the last 5 million years, mostly along this fault, which marks the north slope of the range.
# KCF

KCF or kcf may refer to:
* Khalistan Commando Force, a militant Khalistani organisation
* Kinross Correctional Facility, a Michigan prison for men
* Korea Cycling Federation, the national governing body of cycle racing in South Korea
* KCF, the station code for Kalchini railway station, West Bengal, India
* kcf, the ISO 639-3 code for Ukaan language, Nigeria
# Bill Supplee

William C. "Zuke" Supplee (December 21, 1903 – July 1966) was an American educator and college athlete. He attended the University of Maryland where he played college football and basketball for the Maryland Terrapins, and competed in track & field. In 1923, he received second-team All-America football honors, which made him the first Maryland player honored as such.

## Early life and college

Supplee was born in Washington, D.C. In 1922, he enrolled at the University of Maryland. During his initial year, he competed on the freshman track and football teams. Supplee earned varsity football letters each of the next three seasons. In 1923, Supplee was named a second-team All-American by the Associated Press, which made him the first Maryland football player to receive All-America honors. His performances during the team's win against Penn and its narrow loss to period powerhouse, Yale, have been cited as the main reasons for his selection. He also received an All-America honorable mention from Walter Camp. In 1924, he was selected to the All-South Atlantic and the All-Maryland football teams, the latter of which was composed of the state's best players. Walter Camp again named Supplee an honorable mention All-American. In his final season in 1925, he served as the football team's captain.
Despite all of his athletic endeavors, Supplee excelled in his academic studies. One of his professors said of him, "To those who slander the American athlete as being a poor student and inferior intellect, I should like to point out Supplee as Maryland's refutation." Supplee graduated in 1926 with a Bachelor of Science degree in education.

## Later life

He later earned a doctorate and served on the university's faculty as a chemistry professor in the 1940s and 1950s. He also served on the university's athletic board.
Supplee and his wife, Grace, had two daughters. He drowned in 1966 at Rocky Gorge Reservoir in Laurel, Maryland at the age of 63. His wife, Grace died in 2000. In 1982, Supplee was posthumously inducted into the University of Maryland Athletic Hall of Fame.
# K79

K79 or K-79 may refer to:
* K-79 (Kansas highway), a state highway in Kansas
* HMS Petunia (K79), a former UK Royal Navy ship
# Santa Cruz Tlaxcala

Santa Cruz Tlaxcala is a town and its surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Tlaxcala.
# Sanyu, Chipwi

Sanyu is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
# KUAO

KUAO may refer to:
* KUAO (FM), a radio station (88.7 FM) licensed to serve North Ogden, Utah, United States
* KNKL (FM), a radio station (88.1 FM) licensed to serve Tremonton, Utah, which held the call sign KUAO from 2017 to 2019
* Aurora State Airport (ICAO code KUAO)
# Hair perforation test

The hair perforation test, also known as an in vitro hair perforation test, is a laboratory test used to help distinguish the isolates of dermatophytes, such as Trichophyton mentagrophytes and its variants. The test is performed by placing an organism into a Petri dish containing water, yeast extract, and hair. After incubation for 4 week, they are examined under microscopy T.mentagrophyte would have produced erosions on the Hair while T. Rubrum will not produce any change. Hence they are used to differtiate dermatophytes.
The Mayo Clinic's mycology laboratory has identified five common dermatophytes; Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton tonsurans.
# KEMU

KEMU may refer to:
* King Edward Medical University, the oldest and one of the most prestigious medical schools in Pakistan
* Kenya Methodist University, a liberal arts university located in Meru, Kenya

## Geography

* Khmu people, one of the largest ethnic groups based in northern Laos
* Khmu language, language of the Khmu people of the northern Laos region, also spoken in Vietnam
# Hafften Lake

Hafften Lake is a lake in Hennepin County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Hafften Lake was named for a German settler.
# Haakon Hansen

Haakon Hansen may refer to:
* Haakon Hansen (politician) (1907–1971), Norwegian politician
* Haakon Hansen (boxer) (1907–1985), Norwegian boxer
# Haakon Hjelde

Haakon Forsell Hjelde (February 12, 1902 – December 10, 1933) was a Norwegian actor. He also worked as a director's assistant and production manager's assistant. As a young man, he traveled to Berlin and then to Paris, where he lived and starred in several French films. He died of tuberculosis at age 31.

## Family

Hjelde was born in Eidsvoll, Norway, the son of the veterinarian Baard Arne Hjelde (1872–1935) and Alma Forsell Jensen (1871–1918). He married the Swedish dancer Maina Claes in 1929.

## Filmography

* 1926: Den nye lensmannen as Franz Joseph, a Gypsy
* 1926: Simen Mustrøens besynderlige opplevelser as Helge Hjort, the district judge
* 1927: Fjeldeventyret as Wilhelm, a student
* 1927: Syv dage for Elisabeth as Rolf Heller
* 1930: Eskimo as Majrak, a great hunter
* 1932: Halvvägs till himlen as Ned Lee
# Bill Vankoughnet

William John Vankoughnet (born January 7, 1943) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1993, and a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1995 to 1999.

## Background

Vankoughnet was educated at Loyalist College and Queen's University, and subsequently worked as a municipal administrator. He was also an active freemason and shriner, and is a life member of the Monarchist League of Canada and the Royal Canadian Legion.

## Federal politics

He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1979 federal election, defeating Liberal candidate Ron Vastokas by about 6,500 votes in the rural riding of Hastings—Frontenac, near Kingston. He was re-elected over Vastokas by a narrower margin in the 1980 election, and by a greater margin in the 1984 election in the renamed riding of Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington. In the 1988 election, he defeated Liberal candidate Earl Smith by fewer than 1,000 votes. During his fourteen years in parliament, Vankoughnet never held an official legislative position. Unlike most Progressive Conservative MPs, Vankoughnet opposed the Meech Lake constitutional accord.
The Progressive Conservatives lost all their Ontario seats in the 1993 federal election, and Vankoughnet lost to Liberal Larry McCormick by over 13,000 votes.

## Provincial politics

Vankoughnet was elected to the provincial legislature two years later, defeating Liberal candidate Peter Walker and incumbent New Democrat Fred Wilson in the riding of Frontenac—Addington. He served as a backbench supporter for the next four years.
Vankoughnet's prospects for career advancement all but ended on May 1, 1996, when he was caught trying to buy sexual favours from an undercover police officer who was posing as a prostitute in the Parkdale neighbourhood of Toronto. The charges were dropped when Vankoughnet agreed to attend a "john school". After he was arrested he withdrew from the Progressive Conservative caucus and briefly sat as an independent until he returned on September 23, 1996. Vankoughnet played only a minimal role in the legislature after this incident. Ironically, he was formally accepted into the exclusive Albany Club of Toronto on the same day as his arrest.
In 1996, the government of Mike Harris reduced the number of provincial ridings from 130 to 103. This forced a number of sitting MPPs to compete against one another for renomination. Vankoughnet, his reputation still damaged by the prostitute incident, lost the Progressive Conservative nomination in Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington to Harry Danford in 1999.

## Federal politics (2nd time)

Vankoughnet sought a political comeback in 2004 by challenging Scott Reid for the Conservative Party of Canada nomination in Lanark—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington. The party refused to permit his candidacy, however, and Vankoughnet challenged Reid in the general election as an independent candidate. He received only 820 votes.
# The Enchanted Bluff

"The Enchanted Bluff" is a short story by Willa Cather. It was first published in Harper's in April 1909.

## Plot summary

In Sandtown, a Midwestern town, six local boys talk about the stars and the river and places they'd like to go to. Tip mentions Enchanted Bluff, a rock surrounded by a plain in New Mexico, where Native Americans used to live before the Spaniards came along. Once, the men were down the rock hunting and an army party killed them. The women and children starved to death on the rock, as an "awful storm" or waterspout had destroyed the stairs needed to go down the rock. The boys eventually get back to their house, and later talk about their plan to go there.
Years later, none of them ever made it to the Enchanted Bluff. Percy is a stockbroker in Kansas City; Otto worked on the railway and has now taken up his father's tailor shop with his brother; Arthur had done nothing with his life. He tells the narrator he wants to go to the Enchanted Bluff and to the Grand Canyon, but soon dies in the same old town. Tip, however, plans to go there when his son, who is also obsessed with the bluff, is old enough to go with him.

## Characters

* The narrator, a boy at the outset of the story.
* Fritz Hasler, 11 years old at the outset of the story.
* Otto Hasler, 12 years old at the outset of the story. He is said to be good at mathematics.
* Mr Hasler, the German tailor.
* Percy Pound, a fat boy. He likes to read detective novels.
* Tip Smith, a redhaired boy
* Mr Smith, the grocer.
* Arthur Adams, 17 years old at the outset of the story.
* The gambler's sons, friends of Arthur's.
* Spanish Fanny's boy, a friend of Arthur's.
* Uncle Bill, Tip's uncle. He is a wanderer, who once came upon Enchanted Bluff.
* Bert, Tip's son.

## Allusions to other works

* The Bible is mentioned, with direct references to the Holy Land, Jordan, the Dead Sea, and the Mount of Olives.

## Allusions to actual history

* Napoleon Bonaparte, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, the Pilgrim Fathers, and the Mormons are mentioned in the history of Sandtown.

## Literary significance and criticism

It has been noted that The Enchanted Bluff reappears in The Professor's House, when the protagonist of the novel comes upon the Blue Mesa.
# Hadji Girl

"Hadji Girl" is a song by Corporal Joshua Belile of the United States Marine Corps about a fictitious encounter with a family of Iraqis. A video of Belile performing the song was posted anonymously on YouTube.com in March 2006. It sparked controversy at a time when Marines were facing public scrutiny over the killings in Haditha. YouTube subsequently removed the video from their site, rejecting any further uploaded versions as violating the site's terms of use.
In the song, the Marine protagonist comes under fire and takes cover in a nearby Burger King where he meets an Iraqi girl who convinces him to follow her to her house. After arriving, the Marine is confronted by the Iraqi girl's father and brother who are armed with AK-47 rifles. The Marine then uses the girl's younger sister as a human shield. The father and brother attack, killing the sister, as the Marine laughs maniacally. The Marine then hides behind a TV, returns fire, and kills the father and brother. Cheers and clapping from the unseen audience can be heard in the background of the video.
Belile later said the song was meant only as a joke based on lines from the film Team America: World Police, and apologized to those who were offended by its content. The performance, according to Belile, was at Al Asad airbase in Iraq, where Belile's helicopter gunship unit was posted until March 2006. In the video, Belile is wearing parts of a uniform, although not enough to characterize him as "in uniform" as no nameplate or national markings are visible. The US military, like many others, allows service members and military employees to pursue their own interests when not in uniform.
He was later exonerated of all wrongdoing.

## Recording deal

Shortly after the controversy began, many conservative bloggers and radio hosts went to the defense of the Marine: furthermore, talk show host Mike Church planned to record and release the song. While Belile was not to be part of the recording originally because of his commitment to the military, Church indicated that he would still receive royalties from sales.
Further reports indicated that Cpl. Joshua Belile planned to record Hadji Girl with Hits Music Studios, and the conservative talk program The Mike Church Show planned to be the first to air it, said Jimm Mosher & Alan Grossman, co-owners of the North Carolina studio. These plans were later shelved. Mosher said Belile still plans to record the song. Belile has said he will leave the military when his five-year enlistment ends in October 2007. "We're wanting to record and produce it," Mosher said. "I think it tells a great story."
# Hacıhamzalı

Hacıhamzalı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,204 (2022). It is to the north of Tarsus and Berdan Dam reservoir. Its distance to Tarsus is 28 kilometres (17 mi) and its distance to Mersin is 55 kilometres (34 mi).
# Haematobosca alcis

Haematobosca alcis, the moose fly, is a species of blood-feeding muscid in the family Muscidae. It is found in North America. The moose fly, Haematobosca alcis (Snow) is abundant in Yellowstone National Park.