OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shamshad Cockcroft

Shamshad Cockcroft is a British physiologist and a professor of cell physiology in the Neuro, Physiology and Pharmacology Division of Biosciences at the UCL. She has been a member of The Physiological Society since 1989.

## Education

Cockcroft earned a degree in Biological Chemistry at the University of Manchester in 1974 and completed her PhD in Biochemistry at the University of Birmingham in 1977. During her PhD she was introduced by Bob Michell to the subject of inositol lipids as a potential source of second messengers, a topic she pursued during her postdoctoral fellowship at University College London (UCL).

## Research

Cockcroft's research and work investigates intracellular lipid traffic, interfaces club and lipids in cell signalling and membrane traffic. Her publications include: ATP induces nucleotide permeability in rat mast cells, Role of guanine nucleotide binding protein in the activation of polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase and Polyphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase: regulation by a novel guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gp.
Cockcroft was awarded a fellowship from the Lister Institute in 1986 and established the Lipid Signalling Group at UCL. She was previously Chair in Cell Biology at UCL and was awarded a programme grant by the Wellcome Trust.

## Personal life

Cockcroft was born in Zanzibar, but moved to the United Kingdom aged 18 following the Zanzibar Revolution. She faced problems when she tried to apply for university, having only four O-levels in Maths, English, British Constitution and Geography. She had to do her A-levels in a grammar school in the UK. She was inspired to pursue a career in science by reading biographies of scientists, including William Harvey and Marie Curie.
She is married to Laurence Cockcroft and has three children: Jasmine, Jacob and Joshua.
# Sadisfaction

Sadisfaction is the debut album by Gregorian. Two singles were released from the album: "So Sad" and "Once in a Lifetime", with "So Sad" reaching number one in Portugal.
Originally, Gregorian was conceived as a more pop-oriented group in the vein of Enigma. Under this concept, Frank Peterson together with Matthias Meissner and Thomas Schwarz recorded this album, with lead vocals provided by The Sisters of Oz: Susana Espelleta (Peterson's wife at the time) and Birgit Freud. However, this was the only album by the trio in that style. The project was revived by Peterson in 1998 with new members, releasing the Masters of Chant series of albums in the Gregorian chant style.

## Track listing

* "Watcha Gonna Do" (F. Gregorian, Wehr) – 4:04
* "Once in a Lifetime" (F. Gregorian, Schwarz, Meissner) – 4:09 sample
* "So Sad" (F. Gregorian) – 3:36
* "Forever" (F. Gregorian, Wehr, Hagel) – 3:08
* "The Quiet Self" (F. Gregorian) – 5:29
* "Reflect" (F. Gregorian) – 2:53
* "Monastry" (F. Gregorian) – 3:19
* "Gonna Make You Mine" (Shwarz, F. Gregorian, Meissner) – 3:16
* "You Take My Breath Away" (F. Gregorian) – 4:26
* "I Love You" (Schwarz, F. Gregorian, Meissner) – 3:29
* "Why Did You Go (I Feel Sad)" (Wehr, Hagel) – 3:45
* "The Mission" (Wehr) – 3:15
* "Depressions" (F. Gregorian) – 2:59
# John Symonds (academic)

John Symonds (23 January 1730 – 18 February 1807) was an English academic, who became professor of modern history at the University of Cambridge.

## Biography

Born at Horringer, Suffolk, he was the eldest son of Rev. John Symonds (died 1757), rector of the parish, by his wife, Mary Spring (died 1774), daughter of Sir Thomas Spring, 3rd Baronet of Pakenham and Hon. Merelina Jermyn, daughter of Thomas Jermyn, 2nd Baron Jermyn. His younger brother was British Naval Captain Thomas Symonds, who was the father of Admiral Sir William Symonds. John inherited the family estates while his brother went to sea.
Symonds was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, graduating B.A. in 1752. In 1753, he was elected a fellow of Peterhouse, and he proceeded M.A. in 1754. He was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1747, and was called to the bar in 1756.
In 1771, Symonds was appointed Regius Professor of Modern History on the death of Thomas Gray and in the following year he was created LL.D. by royal mandate and migrated to Trinity College. He died, unmarried, on 18 February 1807, at Bury St Edmunds, where he acted as recorder, and was buried at Pakenham, Suffolk.
In his will, Symonds gave directions for the donation of books to the Historical Library at Cambridge. He is regarded as the founder of the library.

## Works

Symonds was the author of:
* Remarks on an Essay on the History of Colonisation (on a work by William Barron), London, 1778
* The Expediency of revising the Present Edition of the Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, Cambridge, 1789
* The Expediency of revising the Epistles, Cambridge, 1794
He also contributed to Arthur Young's Annals of Agriculture.
# Alfred Ackroyd (New Zealand cricketer)

Alfred Edward Ackroyd (14 January 1885 – 21 May 1952) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Otago and Canterbury in the 1906–07 and 1907–08 seasons.
Ackroyd was born at Dunedin in 1885. Outside of cricket he worked as a warehouseman. He played three times for Otago during the 1906–07 season, making his debut against Canterbury in December 1906 before playing in both of Otago's matches against the touring Marylebone Cricket Club side in January 1907. The following season he played once for Canterbury against Otago, recording two ducks.
Ackroyd died at Christchurch in 1952 aged 67.
# Tangfang Township, Shaanxi

Tangfang Township (simplified Chinese: 汤坊乡; traditional Chinese: 湯坊鄉; pinyin: Tāngfāng Xiāng) is a township in west-central Shaanxi province, Northwest China, located more than 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of the provincial capital of Xi'an. It is under the administration of Xingping, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the east-northeast.
Situated along a major east–west road connecting the provincial capital, Xi'an, to Baoji, Tangfang has regular transport links into Fufeng County.
It lies north of the Wei River yet is not on the floodplain.

## Economy

The main staple of the people in Tangfang is agriculture and farming. There is also a brick works / storage site in the village.
# Gadsby, Alberta

Gadsby is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada that is under the jurisdiction of the County of Stettler No. 6. It is located east of Red Deer on Highway 852 just north of Highway 12. Incorporated in 1909, it dissolved from village status in early 2020.

## History

Gadsby was named for Toronto reporter Henry Franklin Gadsby, the namesake for a post office that was opened in 1909. It was incorporated as the Village of Gadsby on May 6, 1910. At a population of 40, Gadsby was Alberta's smallest village as of the 2016 census. It dissolved from village status to become a hamlet under the jurisdiction of the County of Stettler No. 6 on February 1, 2020.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Gadsby had a population of 36 living in 16 of its 18 total private dwellings, a change of -10% from its 2016 population of 40. With a land area of 0.72 km$^2$ (0.28 sq mi), it had a population density of 50.0/km$^2$ (129.5/sq mi) in 2021.
As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Gadsby had a population of 40 living in 24 of its 25 total private dwellings, a 60% change from its 2011 population of 25. With a land area of 0.75 km$^2$ (0.29 sq mi), it had a population density of 53.3/km$^2$ (138.1/sq mi) in 2016.

## Notable people

* Barbara Kent, silent film actress
* Chester Reynolds, Alberta politician
# John R. Norton III

John R. Norton III (April 10, 1929 – April 17, 2016) was an American farmer and politician who served as United States Deputy Secretary of Agriculture in the Reagan Administration.

## Early life and career

Norton was born and raised in Phoenix, Arizona. He attended Stanford University for one year and graduated in 1950 from the University of Arizona with a degree in agriculture. Norton served as a First lieutenant in the United States Air Force from 1953 to 1955.
After serving in the military, Norton founded the J.R. Norton Company, which operated cattle ranches and farms in California and Arizona. During this period, Norton served on the boards of the Western Growers Association and United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association.
After the 1980 United States presidential election, Norton worked on the transition team of President-elect of the United States Ronald Reagan.
In 1985, Norton was appointed by President Reagan to serve as Deputy Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture. He was responsible for the Trust provision reforms to the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act.
Norton later served on the boards of the Goldwater Institute, Hoover Institution, Smithsonian Institution, and Phoenix Art Museum.

## Philanthropy

The Norton family endowed the Norton Gallery at the Phoenix Art Museum and the John and Doris Norton Healing Garden at Saint Joseph's Hospital in Phoenix. Norton endowed a Chair at the University of Phoenix in the School for Fathers, Parenting and Families with the John Norton Endowed Chair for Prostate Cancer Research. He also established the Norton Scholarship Endowment Fund at Creighton University School of Medicine.
In 2014, Norton's gift to the St. Joseph's Foundation established the John and Doris Norton Cardiothoracic and Transplantation Institute. The Norton family also established the Norton Foundation, a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization.
# Sternacutus cribripennis

Sternacutus cribripennis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1885.
# Jara, Kutch

Jara is a village near Bhuj in Kutch district of Gujarat, India.

## History

At the foot of a hill of Jara, there was a battle (1762) in which Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of Sindh defeated and destroyed the army of Cutch State.
# Safyanovskoe mine

The Safyanovskoe mine is one of the largest lead mines in Russia. The mine is located in southern Russia in Novosibirsk Oblast. The mine has reserves amounting to 19.2 million tonnes of ore grading 0.1% lead.
# Gamarra, Cesar

Gamarra is a town and municipality in the Colombian Department of Cesar.
# Joseph Li Mingshu

Joseph Li Mingshu (Chinese: 李明述; 1 December 1924 – 15 June 2018) was a Chinese clandestine Catholic bishop.
Bishop Li was born in village Lijia, Shandong in a Catholic family on December 1, 1924. He joined the theological seminary after a school and a minor seminary education and was ordained a priest on April 11, 1949. He worked as a teacher in the schools and theologian seminaries. From 1994 he served as an Administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Qingdao and later was clandestinely consecrated as a diocesan bishop of the same diocese on August 13, 2000. He served as bishop here until his death. Bishop Li was recognised by the Chinese government but never joined the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association.
# Wingle

Wingle may refer to:
* Blake Wingle (born 1960), a former Guard in the National Football League
* Mikayla Wingle, former contestant on American reality television show Survivor
* Great Wall Wingle, a pickup truck manufactured by the Chinese company Great Wall Motors since 2006
# Legacy costs

Legacy costs is a term formed by analogy with the computer industry's legacy systems. Legacy costs are those incurred by an organization (whether corporation or city) in prior years under different leadership or when the entity's priorities and resources were different. While it can refer to other commitments (particularly existing infrastructure) as well, it primarily refers to obligations to pay health care costs and pensions under defined-benefit plans for current employees and retirees, usually incurred during the labor peace era after World War II. Legacy costs are believed to hinder American jobs, such as auto manufacturers and central cities, and older airlines worldwide. This belief leads to the idea that legacy costs will lower the company's competitiveness. Organized labor sees such criticisms as part of a desire to abandon any form of social contract between worker and employer.
Newer, less-established entities have few or no problems with legacy costs, because they have less pension and health care liabilities (this applies to new suburbs, for example, as well as new companies), and are therefore able to out-compete (in some cases) the older entities.

## History

In the 1990s, steel firms were guaranteed pension funds. Workers had health-care benefits through these steel firms; however, there was an issue in funding for the defined benefit pension funds. In 1986, PBGC took over LTV's pension payments after LTV went bankrupt. The main apprehension was the liabilities between the firms with defined benefit plans and the firms with contribution pension plans. After this problem, many workers believed that the old firms had to pay the costs of the pensions, also known as legacy costs.
The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy has conducted research on how much money is spent on pension plans from state and local government in their published 2012 findings. This research used records from Boston College Center for Retirement Research with a Public Plans Database (PPD). The information needed to be counted for the calculation are age and salary histories of members, retirement ages, asset earnings, etc. From this article's database, researchers came to the conclusion that pensions are underfunded because governments do not plan enough funds to insure liabilities expenses in that year.
# Randpark

Randpark is a suburb of Randburg, South Africa. It is located in the northern suburbs of the City of Johannesburg.
Randpark is a well established area that is quiet and forms part of an area with road closure for security reasons. It is bordered by several other suburbs including Windsor Glen, Robin Hills, Malanshof and Fontainebleau. It is located in the north-west of Johannesburg within the boundary of the N1 highway.
The suburb is residential, It is well planned and forms part of Johannesburg's sizable man-made forest. It is also the location of the Randpark Golf Club which adds to the beauty of this area. It is proximate to the city centre, Sandton and the Randburg CBD and makes it a convenient area to live in.
The area is serviced by one highway, namely the N1 Western Bypass, which connects the vicinity to Sandton and Pretoria to the north and to Roodepoort and Soweto to the south. Major arterial routes include Republic Road and Malibongwe Drive (R512).
The closest shopping mall from the Randpark area is the Cresta shopping mall which is located on Republic Rd approx 3 kilometers from Randpark.
Randpark has no schools within its boundaries but there are many schools within surrounding areas including, Robin Hills Primary, Randpark High School, Fontainebleau Laerskool and Randburg Hoërskool.
The only public transport from the area is buses and mini taxis.
# Grayrigg Forest

Grayrigg Forest is a hill in Cumbria, England, located on the eastern edge of what might be considered the Lake District. In August 2016 it became part of the eponymous national park. Reaching 494 metres (1,621 ft) above sea level, its summit is attainable from the less well-known Borrowdale valley.
From near the summit, there are impressive views down into the gorge of the Lune valley, where road, West Coast Main Line railway, M6 motorway and the River Lune crowd between the outliers of the Lake District and the Howgill Fells.
It is one of three summits, along with Winterscleugh and Whinfell Beacon, added to the list of Fellrangers in the 2019–2021 edition of Mark Richards' eight volumes of guidebooks, bringing the list to a total of 230. They were added when the Lake District National Park boundary was extended in 2019, including them for the first time.
# Sternacutus bicristatus

Sternacutus bicristatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Melzer in 1935.
# Athletics at the 2004 Summer Paralympics – Women's shot put F52–58

Women's shot put events for wheelchair athletes were held at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in the Athens Olympic Stadium. Events were held in three disability classes, F52/53 being held jointly with F32-34 cerebral palsy athletes.

## F32-34/52/53

The F32-34/52/53 event was won by Maria E. Salas, representing Mexico.
26 Sept. 2004, 18:00
| Rank | Athlete | Result | Points | Notes |
| | Maria E. Salas (MEX) | 4.59 | 1334 | WR |
| | Tetyana Yakybchuk (UKR) | 6.43 | 1185 | WR |
| | Maha Alsheraian (KUW) | 5.26 | 1174 | WR |
| 4 | Kyoko Sato (JPN) | 5.01 | 1118 | |
| 5 | Birgit Pohl (GER) | 8.54 | 1104 | PR |
| 6 | Louise Ellery (AUS) | 4.93 | 1100 | |
| 7 | Sonja Lloyd (RSA) | 5.68 | 1047 | |
| 8 | Tanya Swanepoel (RSA) | 5.35 | 986 | |
| 9 | Tiina Ala Aho (FIN) | 4.88 | 899 | |
| 10 | Alice Kibue (KEN) | 2.94 | 854 | |
| 11 | Leticia Ochoa (MEX) | 2.79 | 811 | |

## F54/55

The F54/55 event was won by Marianne Buggenhagen, representing Germany.
19 September. 2004, 17:00
| Rank | Athlete | Result | Points | Notes |
| | Marianne Buggenhagen (GER) | 9.06 | 1045 | WR |
| | Eva Kacanu (CZE) | 6.18 | 1016 | |
| | Tatjana Majcen (SLO) | 6.00 | 986 | |
| 4 | Sally Reddin (GBR) | 5.96 | 980 | |
| 5 | Xu Ning (CHN) | 7.76 | 895 | |
| 6 | Zanele Situ (RSA) | 5.37 | 883 | |
| 7 | Dora Garcia (MEX) | 5.36 | 881 | |
| 8 | Malathi Krishna (IND) | 5.24 | 861 | |
| 9 | Evelyn Schmied (AUT) | 5.23 | 860 | |
| 10 | Carmen Acunto (ITA) | 7.07 | 816 | |
| 11 | Jana Fesslova (CZE) | 6.86 | 791 | |
| 12 | Chen Li Ping (CHN) | 4.81 | 791 | |
| 13 | Wang Ting (CHN) | 4.71 | 774 | |
| 14 | Hania Aidi (TUN) | 4.46 | 733 | |

## F56-58

The F56-58 event was won by Nadia Medjmedj, representing Algeria.
20 September. 2004, 17:00
| Rank | Athlete | Result | Points | Notes |
| | Nadia Medjmedj (ALG) | 9.79 | 1184 | WR |
| | Li Ling (CHN) | 9.64 | 1165 | |
| | Martina Willing (GER) | 7.94 | 1113 | PR |
| 4 | Njideka E. Iyiazi (NGR) | 10.12 | 1106 | WR |
| 5 | Catalina Rosales (MEX) | 10.04 | 1097 | |
| 6 | Ivanka Koleva (BUL) | 8.79 | 1063 | |
| 7 | Sofia Djelal (ALG) | 9.17 | 1002 | |
| 8 | Roseane Santos (BRA) | 8.98 | 981 | |
| 9 | Suely Guimaraes (BRA) | 6.97 | 977 | |
| 10 | Mary N. Zakayo (KEN) | 8.03 | 971 | |
| 11 | Chen Fang (CHN) | 8.44 | 922 | |
| 12 | Fatemeh Montazeri (IRI) | 8.36 | 913 | |
| 13 | Leticia Aleman (MEX) | 6.30 | 883 | |
| 14 | Araceli Castro (MEX) | 7.78 | 850 | |
| 15 | Phelomena Chepkoech (KEN) | 6.47 | 782 | |
| 16 | Moline Muza (ZIM) | 7.02 | 767 | |
| 17 | Melaica S. Tuinfort (SUR) | 5.29 | 639 | |
# Safēd Kōh

Safēd Kōh (white mountains in Persian) may refer to:
* Spīn Ghar, a mountain range along the Afghanistan Pakistan border
* Selseleh-ye Safīd Kūh, a mountain range in northwestern Afghanistan
# Shaykh Rajab Mosque

The Shaykh Rajab Mosque (Arabic:جامع الشيخ رجب), formerly known as the Al-Barani Mosque, is a historic mosque located at Rawa, Iraq. It is named for Sayyid Rajab al-Rawi al-Rifa'i, a patron saint and follower of the Rifa'i Sufi order. The mosque is divided into two parts; the modern part is still used for prayer while the historic part dating to 1625 is flooded and hence is not used for prayer.

## History

The Al-Barani Mosque was constructed in 1625, next to the cemetery containing the (now-destroyed) mausoleum of Shaykh Rajab. In 1989, the town of Rawa was flooded, and along with much of the town, the mosque sank as well. With the architectural supervision of Raed Ali al-Rawi, a modern mosque structure known as the Shaykh Rajab Mosque was built on top of the sunken mosque in 1992, which is still in use to this day. The old mosque is still visible but it is not used.

## Gallery

* The dome of the old Al-Barani Mosque
* Closeup of the minaret of the Shaykh Rajab Mosque
* The modern Shaykh Rajab Mosque in the late 90s
# Joseph Leycester

Joseph Leycester (1784 – 27 August 1859) was an Irish politician.
Leycester lived in Cork, where he was the agent for the Bank of Ireland. He served as Sheriff of Cork City in 1807, and as Lord Mayor of Cork in 1833. At the 1835 UK general election, he stood in Cork City for the Conservative Party, winning the seat. However, he was unseated on petition on 18 April that year. He stood again in Cork City at the 1837 UK general election, but was not elected.
# Tarhaouhaout

Tarhaouhaout is a village in the commune of Tamanrasset, in Tamanrasset District, Tamanrasset Province, Algeria. It lies in the Hoggar Mountains 42 kilometres (26 mi) east of the city of Tamanrasset. Fort Motylinsky is located nearby.
# S. Ramachandra Iyer

Subramanya Ramachandra Iyer (1 October 1901 - date of death unknown) was an Indian lawyer who served as the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court from 10 May 1961 to 1 November 1964. Madras lawyer Vasantha Pai found evidence that Iyer had falsified his birth date to avoid compulsory retirement at the age of 60 including going to the Judge's birthplace and photographing his original birth register which showed his real age. Judge Iyer denied that he was over 60 years. It became a scandal after the Judge's younger brother, Subramanya Rajagopalan sent invitations to celebrate his 60th birthday while his elder brother the Judge's age was shown as below 60 years. Pai filed a petition. Iyer resigned on 1 November 1964 on a request from the then Chief Justice of India P. B. Gajendragadkar as the case would damage the judiciary and this led the petition to be eventually dismissed in 1967 on the grounds that Iyer had already resigned his judgeship.
# Sternacutus guttatus

Sternacutus guttatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Monné and Martins in 1976.
# Rhododendron sanguineum

Rhododendron sanguineum (血红杜鹃) is a rhododendron species native to southeast Xizang and northwest Yunnan, China, where it grows at altitudes of 2,800–4,300 m (9,200–14,100 ft). It is a dwarf shrub that typically grows to 30–150 cm (12–59 in) in height, with leathery leaves that are obovate, widely elliptic to narrowly oblong in shape, and 3.8–8 × 1.8–3 cm in size. Flowers are red.

## Synonyms

* Rhododendron sanguineum subsp. sanguineoides Cowan
* Rhododendron sanguineum var. sanguineoides (Cowan) Davidian
* Rhododendron sanguineum subsp. sanguineum
* Rhododendron sanguineum var. sanguineum
# St. Ivan Rilski Col

St. Ivan Rilski Col (Rid Sv. Ivan Rilski \'rid sve-'ti i-'van 'ril-ski\) is an ice-covered col linking the Great Needle Peak (Falsa Aguja Peak) and Levski Peak in Levski Ridge, Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
The feature is 1.4 km long, its axis trending east-west, with precipitous southern slopes. It has a slightly higher eastern portion of elevation 1,386 m from which Kardam Buttress is projecting northwards. It is part of the divide between the glacial catchments of Huron Glacier to the north and the head of Macy Glacier to the south.
The col is named after Sveti Ivan Rilski (St. John of Rila) (876-946 AD), a Bulgarian hermit who founded the Rila Monastery.

## Location

The highest point of the col is located at 62°39′54″S 60°05′05″W﻿ / ﻿62.66500°S 60.08472°W﻿ / -62.66500; -60.08472, which is 1.65 km west-northwest of Great Needle Peak, 2.86 km north of Silistra Knoll, 1.69 km east of Levski Peak and 2.2 km south of Nestinari Nunataks (Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009).

## Maps

* L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009.
* A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023. ISBN 978-619-90008-6-1