OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Dunphy Show

The Dunphy Show is an Irish chat show hosted by Eamon Dunphy that aired for one series on TV3 in 2003. The programme featured guest interviews, audience participation and live music from guest music groups. The Dunphy Show aired every Friday night in direct competition with The Late Late Show on Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ).

## History
### Challenging The Late Late Show

Since 1962, RTÉ's The Late Late Show had enjoyed total dominance of the Irish chat show market on a Saturday night and subsequently on Friday nights. In 2002, TV3 set about devising their own chat show which would go "head-to-head" and challenge RTÉ's monopoly. By the start of 2003, planning was at an advanced stage after six months of preparatory work; however, little details were revealed about the precise nature of the show or who would host. Ironically, the team behind the programme included Cillian Fennell, an ex-RTÉ producer who had worked on The Late Late Show during Gay Byrne's final season.
In May 2003, TV3 announced that former soccer player and journalist Eamon Dunphy had signed a contract to present the new show. Following the announcement the media immediately declared a "clash of the chat shows" and a clash of personalities between Dunphy and Pat Kenny. In an interview with the RTÉ Guide, Kenny described broadcasting as a "hobby for Dunphy" and that "if it goes pear-shaped for Eamon he'll write another book about Gazza or something". Former chat show host Gay Byrne said that "there wasn't enough room for two talk shows" and that TV3 would be "scalded by the experience".

### Debut

The Dunphy Show made its debut at 9:00 p.m. on 5 September 2003 for an initial run of thirty programmes. The opening set of guests included former footballer Páidí Ó Sé, author Candace Bushnell, journalist Robert Fisk, jockey Kieren Fallon and Huey Morgan from the Fun Loving Criminals, while the musical guests were Joe Dolan and his band, and singer-songwriter Paul Brady. The opening programme received relatively good reviews, with Shane Hegarty of The Irish Times stating that "while there was little of the controversial Dunphy on show, there remained a real edge about the TV3 host. Ding, ding. End of round one. Kenny should be worried, Dunphy should be happy."

### Cancellation

The first edition of The Dunphy Show attracted a total audience of 342,000. The first three shows attracted an average total audience of 260,000 compared to 615,000 for The Late Late Show, however, the numbers tuning in for the third edition of Dunphy's chat show fell to 157,000. In November it was announced that the show would be going off-air for a six-week break at Christmas due to commercial reasons and for contractual reasons with Dunphy. This was viewed in some media circles as an indication that the show was failing and it came in for some harsher criticism after a promising start. On 5 December 2003, exactly three months to the day since the show began, TV3 announced that it was cancelling The Dunphy Show.

## Production

The Dunphy Show was broadcast from The Helix at Dublin City University (DCU) in front of an audience of 450, All bar one of the shows were broadcast live.
# Hakea Prison

Hakea Prison is a maximum security prison for males, located in Canning Vale, Western Australia. The facility is managed by the Department of Justice on behalf of the Government of Western Australia.
The prison officially opened in June 1982 as Canning Vale Prison, managing 248 prisoners. From September 1991, Canning Vale Prison operated as a maximum-security prison until, in 2000, it merged with the CW Campbell Remand Centre and became Hakea Prison. Hakea Prison manages prisoners in custody to appear in court (on remand) and those who have just been sentenced. Most newly sentenced prisoners are assessed at Hakea Prison before being placed at other Western Australian prisons.
Hakea Prison has specialist management units known as "punishment units" which have been described by the state regulator as "outdated and not fit for purpose" because of the intense psychological damage they inflict on inmates as well as the inability of guards to monitor the cells. These punishment units do not have showers and deprive inmates of several officially required amenities such as human contact. In March 2022 an Indigenous man suicided in one of the punishment cells after his repeated calls for help from guards were ignored.
In 2016, Units 11 and 12 of the Hakea facility were converted into the separate Melaleuca Remand and Reintegration Facility for women.
# Speke's gazelle

Speke's gazelle (Gazella spekei) is the smallest of the gazelle species. It is confined to the Horn of Africa, where it inhabits stony brush, grass steppes, and semi deserts. This species has been sometimes regarded as a subspecies of the Dorcas gazelle, though this is now widely disregarded. Severe habitat fragmentation means it is now impossible to assess the natural migratory or nomadic patterns of G. spekei. Its numbers are under threat, and despite an increase in population, the IUCN in 2007 announced its status had changed from vulnerable to endangered. A captive population is maintained, and the wild population exists in the lower tens of thousands. As of 2008, this gazelle is classified as endangered under the IUCN Red List.
Speke's gazelle is named after John Hanning Speke, a British explorer of Central Africa. It is notable for its distinctively narrow and pointed face, and its large, inflatable nasal passages which it uses to produce a loud honking sound, especially during the breeding season as part of a display to attract mates.
# Robert Gerling

Robert Wilhelm Gerling (13 August 1878 - 25 January 1935) was a German insurance executive and businessman who founded the Gerling-Konzern, of the largest insurance providers in Germany in 1904. He was the patriarch of the Gerling family of Cologne, Germany.

## Early life and education

Gerling was born 13 August 1878 in Elberfeld (today part of Wuppertal), the fourth of six children, to Robert Gerling Sr. (1847–1934), a commercial representative for his fathers button factory, and Anna Gerling (née Fromm; 1850–1938). After school he completed a 3-year apprenticeship as insurance agent with C. Mihr & Co., which owners were friends of his fathers.

## Career

After briefly working for C. Mihr & Co., he joined Mannheimer Versicherungsgesellschaft (Mannheim Insurance Company) in 1896. He founded the Gerling-Konzern on 7 May 1904.

## Personal life

On 11 July 1907, Gerling married Auguste Hoffmeister (1879–1964), who was the daughter of a penitentiary director in Cologne. They had three sons;
* Robert Gerling Jr. (born 1914)
* Hans Gerling (1915–1991), married, one son Rolf Gerling (born 1954), who was the majority owner of Gerling-Konzern until 2005 (sold to Talanx)
* Walter Gerling (24 October 1918 - 9 March 2019), insurance executive and philanthropist.
He died on 25 January 1935 in St. Moritz, Switzerland. His last residence was Villa Marienburg in Cologne.

## Literature

* Peter Koch: Gerling, Robert Wilhelm. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7, S. 308 f. (Digitalisat) (in German)
* Ders.: Robert Gerling (1878–1935), in: Rheinisch-Westfälische Wirtschaftsbiographien, Band 9, Münster 1967, S. 133–150 (in German)
# Karen B. Stewart

Karen Brevard Stewart (born April 10, 1952, Florida) is an American diplomat who was the United States Ambassador to the Marshall Islands. She was nominated by President Barack Obama to be United States Ambassador to the Marshall Islands on November 5, 2015, was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on May 17, 2016. Stewart also served as United States Ambassador to Belarus from August 14, 2006, to March 12, 2008, and as United States Ambassador to Laos from November 2010 to August 2013.

## Early life and education

Stewart is the daughter of Brevard Nisbet Stewart and Selden L. Stewart II. In 1973 Stewart graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Wellesley College with a BA in astronomy and economics. She then studied astronomy at the University of Virginia.

## Career

Stewart joined the Foreign Service in 1977. Her early international assignments have included ones in Thailand, Sri Lanka, Laos and Pakistan. Her domestic assignments have included serving as international relations officer in the State Department's Office of Fisheries Affairs, economic officer in the Office of Energy Consuming Countries, and economic-commercial desk officer in the Office of Israel and Arab-Israeli Affairs.
Stewart earned an MS in national security strategy from the National War College of the National Defense University in 1998.
Stewart was deputy chief of mission in Belarus from 2004 to 2004 and in 2006 President George W. Bush nominated her to be the country's ambassador. However, following U.S. imposed sanctions, President Alexander Lukashenko pressured Stewart to leave the country in 2008. The United States had been a persistent critic of Lukashenko. Belarus has been labeled "Europe's last dictatorship" by some Western journalists, on account of Lukashenko's self-described authoritarian style of government. Lukashenko and other Belarusian officials are also the subject of sanctions imposed by the European Union and the United States for alleged human rights violations off and on since 2006.
In 2010 Stewart became U.S. Ambassador to Laos, where she had held two earlier posts.
When President Barack Obama nominated her to become U.S. Ambassador to the Marshall Islands, Stewart was serving as political adviser to the vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Supreme Allied Commander Transformation, a role she had held since 2013. She arrived in the country on July 16, 2016.

## Personal

In addition to English, Stewart speaks Lao, Russian and Thai.
# Australian Joint Stock Bank

The Australian Joint Stock Bank was a bank in Australia. It operated from 1852 to 1910, after which it became the Australian Bank of Commerce and then was taken over by the Bank of New South Wales in 1931.

## History

The Australian Joint Stock Bank was created in 1852 by an Act of the New South Wales Parliament. It issued its first banknotes in 1862.
In 1910, the Australian Bank of Commerce was registered in New South Wales under the Joint Stock Companies Act to take over the Australian Joint Stock Bank. In 1917 it acquired the City Bank of Sydney.
In 1931, the Bank of New South Wales (now Westpac) acquired the Australian Bank of Commerce.

## Heritage buildings

Some of the former bank's buildings are now heritage-listed, including:
* Australian Joint Stock Bank Building, Maryborough
* Australian Joint Stock Bank Building, Townsville
* Gympie Stock Exchange (originally built for the Australian Joint Stock Bank)
* Commonwealth Bank Building, Mackay (originally built for the Australian Joint Stock Bank)
# Jeff Morris

Geoff, Geoffrey, Jeffrey, Jefferson or Jeff Morris may refer to:

## Entertainment industry figures

* Jeff Morris (actor) (1934–2004), American film and television performer
* Jefferson Morris, American singer; winner of 1958 Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions#1950s

## Footballers

* Geoff Morris (footballer, born 1949) (1949–2015), English left winger during 1960s and 1970s
* Geoff Morris (Australian footballer) (born 1954), coach for West Adelaide during 1990s
* Geoff Morris (rugby league), English left winger during 1970s and 1980s

## Others

* Jeff Morris (politician) (born 1964), American member of Washington House of Representatives
# Sir Richard Paget, 1st Baronet

Sir Richard Horner Paget, 1st Baronet (14 March 1832 – 3 February 1908) was a British Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1895.
Paget was the son of John Moore Paget of Cranmore, Somerset and his wife Elizabeth Jane Doveton. He attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and was a captain in the 66th Regiment and Honorary lieutenant-colonel of the 3rd Volunteer Battalion, Prince Albert's (Somersetshire) Light Infantry. He was a J.P. and deputy lieutenant for Somerset.
In the 1865 general election, Paget was elected Conservative Member of Parliament for East Somerset. However, at the 1868 general election, he was elected instead for Mid Somerset and held the seat until it was reorganised under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. He was then elected in the 1885 general election as MP for Wells, which he held until the 1895 general election.
Paget was made a Baronet in 1886, and sworn as a Privy Councillor in 1895.
Paget married Caroline Isabel Surtees in 1866. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son Richard Paget. His daughter, Dorothy Mary Paget, married the Liberal politician Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone.
The scientist Brigid Balfour was one of his granddaughters.
# Kagura Dam

Kagura Dam is a gravity dam located in Akita Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for flood control. The catchment area of the dam is 25.1 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 14 ha of land when full and can store 857 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1957.
# Schizocolea

Schizocolea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Schizocoleeae. The genus is found in Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Angola.

## Species

* Schizocolea linderi (Hutch. & Dalziel) Bremek.
* Schizocolea ochreata E.M.A.Petit
# Rose Hill, Warren County, Mississippi

Rose Hill is an unincorporated community in Warren County, Mississippi, United States.
# Saxo-Norman

Saxo-Norman is the very end of the Anglo-Saxon period in England and the start of the Norman occupation, typically between 1060 and 1100. Often used to refer to architecture and physical culture, the term addresses the combination of Anglo-Saxon and Norman styles prevalent during the period.

## Architecture

In the years before the Conquest, various Saxo-Norman features emerged in English architecture, including "long and short" stonework, "half-roll" features on arches and double-splay windows. After the Conquest, Saxo-Norman architecture was typically applied to smaller buildings, and small parts of larger projects. Major ecclesiastical projects, such as cathedrals and abbey churches, were executed in a predominantly Norman style. At Exeter Castle, for example, Anglo-Saxon "long and short" stonework was used in the gatehouse, alongside arches common to both Norman and Anglo-Saxon styles, and some features borrowed from the Holy Roman Empire. One of the reasons for this would have been the limited number of Norman craftsmen available for projects, and the continuity of local Anglo-Saxon preferences in many locations.
Some Anglo-Saxon architectural features were never used under the Normans, and, as time went by, some Saxo-Norman features began to fade. Old Anglo-Saxon features such as brick arches in stone buildings were simply eliminated from new designs, and "long and short" stonework, "half-roll" features slowly disappeared from use. By the 12th century, parish churches were typically being built in a Norman, rather than Saxo-Norman style. The fusion of surviving Anglo-Saxon elements into the Norman style eventually produced the English Romanesque style of architecture.
The phrase has been critiqued by historian John Gage as being "the architectural equivalent of a middle-aged spread".

## Physical culture

Saxo-Norman pottery began to be made in eastern England, including the towns of Stamford and Thetford, encouraged by contact from France and Scandinavia.
# Ayancık

Ayancık is a town in Sinop Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. It is the seat of Ayancık District. Its population is 13,277 (2022). The mayor is Hayrettin Kaya (CHP).

## History

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Ayancık was part of the Kastamonu Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. Being the most ideal hilltop in Sinop, Ayancık was the site of a US military radar station from 1951 to 1992 during the Cold War. The radar was finally shut down in 1999 due to its technological obsolescence, and many of the locals migrated to Germany due to unemployment.
# Karen Bailey

Karen Bailey is a retired research scientist who specialized in plant pathology and biopesticide development at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Her research focused on developing alternatives to synthetic pesticides and improving plant health through integrated pest management strategies. She is internationally recognized for her expertise on soil-borne pathogens and biological control, and she has more than 250 publications, 23 patents, and 7 inventions disclosures in progress.

## Biography

Bailey received her B.Sc. (Agriculture) and M.Sc. from the University of Guelph. She joined Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada as a biologist, and later as a research scientist after obtaining her Ph.D. in Plant Pathology and Plant Breeding from the University of Saskatchewan.

## Career

Bailey’s expertise includes the discovery, development, and commercialization of biological weed control technologies as biopesticide products, as well as biological characterization, mass production systems for fungus, enhancement of fungal metabolite production, formulation and delivery of bioproducts, and knowledge of regulatory requirements in North America (Pest Management Regulatory Agency, Canada; Environmental Protection Agency, United States). Her work included the development of methods to reduce weed and plant disease pests through the use of integrated pest management strategies, aiming to promote ecologically balanced cropping systems, and the development and evaluation of microbial agents as herbicides and pesticides. In collaboration with Russell Hynes, Wes Taylor, Frances Leggett, and Claudia Sheedy at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Bailey developed a patented bioherbicide to control broadleaved weeds in turfgrass. The indigenous fungus Phoma macrostoma was formulated to control weeds such as dandelion, clover, wild mustard, and ragweed, without harming crops and grasses. It can be applied as a granule to soil before the weeds emerge, which prevents establishment for 1–3 months, or applied post-emergence, which causes affected weeds to turn white and die due to a lack of chlorophyll.
Bailey has also been involved in numerous scientific projects in the U.S., Syria, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, India, Switzerland, and Belgium. She has been a member of the Editorial Boards for the journals Weed Research, Agriculture, Ecosystems, and the Environment, and Canadian Journal of Plant Science.

## Honours and awards

Bailey received the Canadian Phytopathological Society (CPS) Award for Achievements in Plant Disease Management, the CPS Award for Outstanding Research, and the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Medal for her contributions to Canadian Agriculture. She was President of the Canadian Phytopathological Society.
# Suspension link

In automotive suspensions, a suspension link, control link or link is a suspension member, that attaches at only two points. One point being the body or frame of the vehicle and the other point attaching to the knuckle, upright, axle or another link. The link pivots on either a bushing or a ball joint at each attachment point. A link differs from a control arm because it can only control one of the degrees of freedom by itself.
In the attached photo of a 5-link live axle suspension, the different types of links can be seen. These links work in tandem with the coil springs, dampers, and sway bar to control all six degrees of freedom of the axle. The upper links (orange) and the lower links (yellow) work in tandem to control the pitch, yaw and the fore and aft movement (surge). The panhard rod (green) controls the left and right movement (sway). While the springs and dampers (not shown) control the up and down movement (heave) and the roll is controlled by the sway bar (also not shown).
It takes a minimum of two links per wheel in a MacPherson strut-style suspension and a minimum of three links per wheel in a multi-link suspension.
# Sir Thomas Newcomen, 8th Baronet

Sir Thomas Newcomen, 8th Baronet (1740 – 27 April 1789) was an Anglo-Irish politician.
He was the son of Sir Arthur Newcomen, 7th Baronet and succeeded to his baronetcy upon his father's death on 25 November 1759. He sat in the Irish House of Commons as the Member of Parliament for County Longford from 1759 and 1760. He then represented Longford Borough between 1761 and 1768. His title became extinct upon his death.
# Sarcophaga aldrichi

Sarcophaga aldrichi, the friendly fly or large flesh fly, is a fly that is a parasitoid of the forest tent caterpillar. It strongly resembles the house fly but is in a different family, the Sarcophagidae, or flesh-flies. It is a little larger than the house fly, and has the same three black stripes on its thorax. It has red eyes, a grayish body, and a checkered abdomen.
In early summer it emerges from pupae in the ground and seeks out forest tent caterpillar cocoons, where it deposits live larvae which bore into the cocoons and feed on the pupating insects, killing them. Eventually the fly maggots drop to the ground and pupate and go dormant over the winter.
Population explosions of this species usually occur during the summer following the one when the caterpillars are plentiful. The friendly fly can be a nuisance, but they don't bite, nor do they spread disease.
# Harald Wergeland (rector)

Harald Wergeland (7 May 1904 – 1989) was a Norwegian sports official.
He was born in Vardal as a son of rector Håkon Wergeland (1878–1971) and Wilhelmine Kathrine Kielland (1873–1962). In 1952 he married Helga Vogt. A sister of his was married to Kai Knudsen.
He finished his secondary education in 1923. He studied at the State School of Gymnastics, and also in a dozen European countries. He taught science and physical education in Notodden from 1929 to 1932, and then in Oslo from 1933 to 1934. In 1945 he was hired in Statens gymnastikkontor where he was a consultant and director. From 1947 to 1968 he served as the rector of the State School of Gymnastics. When it changed its name to the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences in 1968, he became a counsellor.
He headed the Norwegian gymnastics team at the 1952 Summer Olympics, and was a referee at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He issued several textbooks on gymnastics, physical education and handball, and edited the magazine Kroppsøving from 1950. He also served as chair of Landsnevnden for skoleidrett and president of the Norwegian Life Saving Society.
He resided in Jong. He died in 1989.
# Binao, Ivory Coast

Binao (also known as Bianu) is a village in southern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Gbolouville, Tiassalé Department, Agnéby-Tiassa Region, Lagunes District.
Until 2012, Binao was in the commune of Binao-Boussoué. In March 2012, Binao-Boussoué became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.