OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Internet traffic engineering

Internet traffic engineering is defined as that aspect of Internet network engineering dealing with the issue of performance evaluation and performance optimization of operational IP networks. Traffic engineering encompasses the application of technology and scientific principles to the measurement, characterization, modeling, and control of Internet traffic [RFC-2702, AWD2].
Enhancing the performance of an operational network, at both traffic and resource levels, are major objectives of Internet engineering. This is accomplished by addressing traffic performance requirements, while utilizing network economically and reliably. Traffic oriented performance includes packet transfer delay, packet delay variation, packet loss, and throughput.
An important objective of Internet traffic engineering is to facilitate reliable network operations [RFC-2702]. This can be done by providing mechanisms that network integrity and by embracing policies emphasizing survivability. This results in a minimization of the network to service outages arising from errors, faults and failures occurring within the infrastructure.
The Internet exists in order to transfer information from nodes to destination nodes. Accordingly, one of the most crucial functions performed by the Internet is the routing of traffic ingress nodes to egress nodes.
Ultimately, it is the performance of the network as seen by network services that is truly paramount. This crucial function should be considered throughout the development of engineering mechanisms and policies. The characteristics visible to end users are the emergent properties of the network, which are characteristics of the network when viewed as a whole. A goal of the service provider, therefore, is to enhance the properties of the network while taking economic considerations into account.
The importance of the above observation regarding the properties of networks is that special care must be taken when choosing network performance metrics to optimize. Optimizing the wrong metrics may achieve certain local objectives, but may have repercussions elsewhere.
# Internet telephony service provider

An Internet telephony service provider (ITSP) offers digital telecommunications services based on Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) that are provisioned via the Internet.
ITSPs provide services to end-users directly or as whole-sale suppliers to other ITSPs.
ITSPs use a variety of signaling and multimedia protocols, including the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), Megaco, and the H.323 protocol. H.323 is one of the earliest VoIP protocols, but its use is declining and it is rarely used for consumer products.
Retail customers of an ITSP may use traditional analog telephone sets attached to an analog telephony adapter (ATA) to connect to the service provider's network via a local area network, they may use an IP phone, or they may connect a private branch exchange (PBX) system to the service via media gateways.
ITSPs are also known as voice service providers (VSP).

## History

In the United States, net2Phone began offering consumer VoIP service in 1995.
Usually, ITSPs negotiate agreements for route termination to various parts of the world from multiple VoIP providers. ITSP customers may be able to choose a VoIP provider for their VoIP calls. Customers may be able to do this by specifying the maximum price they are willing to pay per minute for a call and the lowest quality they are willing to tolerate. The ITSP routing software searches for the wholesale VoIP providers who meet the customer specification and attempt to route the customer call to the providers starting with the one have the lowest quoted price. Pricing to different parts of the world depend on several factors, such as the routing via a white route or a black route, wholesaler's margin, and the country's regulations.
# Preston Raiders

The Preston Raiders were a Canadian Junior "B" ice hockey team from the town of Preston, Ontario which later became Cambridge, Ontario.

## History

The team started out as the Preston Pals of the Central Junior C Hockey League. They changed their name to the Raiders in 1965.
In 1969, the Preston Raiders joined the Central Junior 'B' Hockey League. In 1974, the team left the Central league and joined the Waterloo-Wellington Junior 'B' Hockey League, which was a predecessor league to the current Midwestern Junior B Hockey League. In 1976, the team became the Cambridge Raiders for one season, before folding.

## Season-by-season record

| Season | GP | W | L | T | OTL | GF | GA | P | Results | Playoffs |
| 1957-58 | 28 | 3 | 25 | 0 | - | -- | -- | 6 | 7th WOJBHL | |
| 1958-59 | 30 | 7 | 22 | 1 | - | 125 | 191 | 15 | 5th CJBHL | |
| 1959-61 | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available |
| 1961-62 | 30 | 13 | 15 | 2 | - | 149 | 142 | 28 | 3rd CJCHL | |
| 1962-63 | 30 | 18 | 6 | 6 | - | 207 | 137 | 42 | 2nd CJCHL | |
| 1963-64 | 30 | 13 | 15 | 2 | - | 174 | 189 | 28 | 4th CJCHL | |
| 1964-65 | 31 | 16 | 14 | 1 | - | 203 | 194 | 33 | 5th CJCHL | |
| 1965-66 | 31 | 9 | 20 | 2 | - | 125 | 169 | 20 | 10th CJCHL | |
| 1966-67 | 24 | 10 | 9 | 5 | - | 94 | 92 | 25 | 4th WJCHL | |
| 1967-68 | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available | Statistics Not Available |
| 1968-69 | 30 | 14 | 13 | 3 | - | 142 | 127 | 31 | 3rd WJCHL | |
| 1969-70 | 40 | 11 | 27 | 2 | - | 176 | 261 | 24 | 6th CJBHL | |
| 1970-71 | 42 | 16 | 23 | 3 | - | 183 | 234 | 35 | 4th CJBHL | |
| 1971-72 | 42 | 14 | 22 | 6 | - | 167 | 195 | 34 | 6th CJBHL | |
| 1972-73 | 42 | 14 | 25 | 3 | - | 194 | 234 | 31 | 6th CJBHL | |
| 1973-74 | 42 | 3 | 37 | 2 | - | 138 | 368 | 8 | 8th CJBHL | |
| 1974-75 | 39 | 3 | 34 | 2 | - | 117 | 290 | 8 | 6th WWJHL | |
| 1975-76 | 42 | 16 | 20 | 6 | - | 243 | 256 | 38 | 5th WWJHL | Lost quarter-final |
| 1976-77 | 39 | 3 | 33 | 3 | - | 151 | 308 | 9 | 6th WWJHL | DNQ |
# Sorsogon language

Sorsogon language may refer to:
* Northern Sorsogon language, an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines
* Southern Sorsogon language, an Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines
# Amphiagrion

Amphiagrion is a genus of damselflies in the family Coenagrionidae. The males are bright red with some black; the females are duller. The genus is confined to North America.
The genus contains the following species:
* Amphiagrion abbreviatum (Selys, 1876) - western red damsel
* Amphiagrion saucium (Burmeister, 1839) - eastern red damsel
# Amphiaraos Krater

The Amphiaraos krater is a Late Corinthian red-ground column krater. It is considered the masterpiece of the Amphiaraos Painter (whose name vase it is) and one of the major specimens of the red-ground vase painting of Corinth.
Dated to circa 560 BC, the Amphiaraos Krater depicts on the front a frieze of horsemen and above it the departure of Amphiaraos. The back was decorated with a battle frieze, above it again Amphiaraos, this time as a participant in the funeral games of Pelias. Below one of the handles, a wrestling match is depicted. The paintings on the vessel are considered especially colourful and detailed. Thus, the anger in Amphiaraos eye, looking at Eriphyle, his only family member not to wish for his safe return, is visible. A sorrowful seer indicates the imminent death of the hero. The same scene was depicted on the Kypselos chest in Olympia, as described by Pausanias. The krater used to be on display in the Antikensammlung Berlin, but disappeared at the end of the Second World War. Since 1945, the Amphiaraos krater has been housed in the State Historical Museum in Moscow.
# An Old Jew

An Old Jew is an 1894 play by the British writer Sydney Grundy. It opened at the Garrick Theatre in London on 6 January 1894 with its original run ending less than a month later on 3 February. The play was written for one of the leading actor-manager's of the era John Hare. The play was revived on several occasions, beginning the following year at the Coronet Theatre under the alternative title of Julius Sterne, the name of the main character. Gerald du Maurier a future stage star, made his debut in the play with a very small role.
It was the most sympathetic play to the Jewish community by a non-Jew since Richard Cumberland's The Jew exactly a century earlier. This was widely recognised by Jewish intellectuals of the era.
# International Union of Microbiological Societies

The International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS), founded in 1927 as the International Society of Microbiology, is one of 40 member unions and associations of the International Science Council (ISC), and was formerly under ISC's predecessor, the International Council for Science.
The union's objectives are to promote the study of microbiological sciences internationally: initiate, facilitate and coordinate research and other scientific activities which involve international cooperation; ensure the discussion and dissemination of the results of international conferences, symposia and meetings and assist in the publication of their reports; represent microbiological sciences in ISC and maintain contact with other international organizations.
IUMS activities include the classification and nomenclature of bacteria, fungi and viruses, food microbiology, medical microbiology and diagnostics, culture collections, education, and biological standardization.
The president-elect of IUMS is Professor Eliora Ron of Tel Aviv University.

## Organization

The IUMS has three divisions:
* Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology (BAM)
* Mycology
* Virology
These divisions each have their own set of officers and objectives. Each division is responsible for the organization of their own International Congresses. They work together toward the goal of furthering microbiology research and communication globally. The IUMS conducts scientific activities through 6 specialist international committees, 9 international commissions, and 2 international federations. Some of these "comcofs" are managed under a division, others through the IUMS directly. The IUMS acts as the umbrella organization for:
* ICFMH - International Committee on Food Microbiology & Hygiene
* ICSP - International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes
* ICMSF - International Commission of Microbiological Specifications for Food
* ICTF - International Commission on Taxonomy of Fungi
* ICY - International Commission on Yeasts
* ICFM - International Commission on Food Mycology
* ICIF - International Commission on Indoor Fungi
* ICPA - International Commission on Penicillium & Aspergillus
* ICTV - International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
* WFCC - World Federation for Culture Collections
* ICB - The International Committee on Bionomenclature
* IABS - International Association of Biologicals
* IUMS Public Policy Committee
# Amurlag

Amurlag (Russian abbreviation from Amursky lager, "Amur camp") may refer to one of the following Gulag labor camps in the area of the Amur River:
* Amurlag (1938–41), Amur railroad corrective labor camp
* Amurlag (1947–53), Amur corrective labor camp
# Ipur

Ipur may refer to:
* Ipur, Guntur district, a village in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India
* Ipurupalem, a village in Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India
* Epuru, West Godavari district, a village in West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India
# Santi Fabiano e Venanzio a Villa Fiorelli

Santi Fabiano e Venanzio a Villa Fiorelli is a church on Via Terni, Rome. The parish was set up by Pope Pius XI, and the church opened for worship as the regional church of the Camerino region (served by diocesan clergy) in 1936. It was designed by Clemente Busciri Vici, with 3 naves, narrow side-aisles and a slightly slanting roof.
Pope Pius XII visited the church on 13 August 1943, the date of the second air bombardment of Rome, and two stones (along with a bronze door decorated with symbols of air warfare) commemorate this event and the names of bomb-victims in the parish. However, it was not formally consecrated until 1959 by Bishop Luigi Traglia.

## Cardinal-priests

* Hermann Volk (1973–1988)
* Ján Chryzostom Korec (1991–2015)
* Carlos Aguiar Retes (2016–present)
# Forte de São Tiago das Cinco Pontas

Forte de São Tiago das Cinco Pontas is a fort located in Recife, Pernambuco in Brazil.
It is on the location of the former Fort Frederik Hendrik, a pentagonal fortress built by the Dutch in 1630 near Mauritsstad, the capital of Dutch Brazil, and named after Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange. Portuguese forces retook Recife in 1654 and demolished the fortress in 1677.
# Amopaon

In Greek mythology, Amopaon (Ancient Greek: Ἀμοπάονα) was a Trojan soldier who participated in the Trojan War. He was the son of Polyaemon.

## Mythology

Amopaon was shot dead by an arrow of the Achaean hero, Teucer, son of Telamon and half-brother of Ajax the Great.
* “Whom first then of the Trojans did peerless Teucer slay? Orsilochus first and Ormenus and Ophelestes and Daetor and Chromius and godlike Lycophontes and Amopaon, Polyaemon's son, and Melanippus. All these, one after another, he brought down to the bounteous earth. And at sight of him Agamemnon, king of men, waxed glad, as with his mighty bow he made havoc of the battalions of the Trojans;”
# Pretending 2 Run

Pretending 2 Run is the sixth studio album by American progressive rock band Tiles. It was released on April 15, 2016, through Laser's Edge.

## Personnel

All credits taken from the Pretending 2 Run liner notes.

### Tiles

* Mark Evans – drums and percussion
* Jeff Whittle – bass guitar, fretless bass, keyboards, vocals
* Chris Herin – electric and acoustic guitars, mandolin, banjo, keyboards, trumpet, vocals
* Paul Rarick – lead and backing vocals

### Guest musicians

* Ian Anderson – flute (Midwinter)
* Mike Portnoy – additional drums (Stonewall, Fait Accompli)
* Max Portnoy – additional drums (Fait Accompli)
* Adam Holzman (keyboardist) – keyboards
* Mike Stern – lead guitar (Taken by Surprise, The Disappearing Floor)
* Colin Edwin – programming & loops (Small Fire Burning, Friend or Foe)
* Kim Mitchell – lead guitar (Shelter in Place)
* Kevin Chown – additional bass (Stonewall, Drops of Rain, Friend or Foe, Fait Accompli)

### Production

* Terry Brown – recording, mixing
* Peter J. Moore – mastering
# Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler

Analysis of the Personality of Adolph Hitler: With Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany's Surrender was a report prepared by Henry A. Murray for the United States Office of Strategic Services during World War II. It was one of two psychoanalytic reports prepared for the OSS on Nazi Germany leader Adolf (sometimes spelled "Adolph") Hitler; the other was "A Psychological Analysis of Adolph Hitler: His Life and Legend" (later published in book form under the title The Mind of Adolf Hitler).
Murray's report is dated October 1943. A copy in PDF is available from the Cornell Law School library, which received copyright permission to publish the report online from Murray's family in 2004. The Cornell copy is serialized as copy number 3 of 30. The report forms a part of the law library's Donovan Collection, which contains the papers of the OSS chief William J. Donovan.

## History

Murray prepared the report, which consists of the following:
* 6 unnumbered pages of Introductory Material (consisting of a cover page, a foreword and a table of contents)
* Section 1 (pages numbered 1-53) entitled a Condensed Review of the Entire Memorandum, which contains
** Part A (pages 1–29), Brief Analysis of Hitler's Personality
** Part B (pages 29 – 33), Predictions of Hitler's Behavior
** Part C (pages 33 – 38), Suggestions for the Treatment of Hitler
** Part D (pages 38 – 53), Suggestions for the Treatment of the German People
* Section 2, a work by W.H.D. Vernon (numbered as pages 54 – 81) entitled Hitler the Man - Notes for a Case Study
* Section 3 (numbered as pages 82 – 227) appearing here, which is intended for "psychologists and psychiatrists."
The sources for the report, identified in the introductory material, are all published sources, including the paper which was prepared by Vernon (Section 2) under Murray's general supervision. Unlike the report prepared by Langer (see The Mind of Adolf Hitler), Murray conducted no personal interviews of Hitler associates.
There is some overlap between the two wartime reports. Murray's biographer asserts that Langer copied from Murray without crediting his work.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Donovan Nuremberg Trials Collection" (PDF).
* ↑ The report's organization is confusing. The table of contents in the Introductory Material refers to Sections 4, 5 and 6, but these sections do not exist; instead, the material for those non-existent sections appears as Parts B, C and D of Section 1.
* ↑ The title of Section 1 (a "Condensed Review") is confusing, as it is essentially the heart of the entire memorandum, and is not a review of some more complete document.

## Reference Works

* Langer, Walter Charles (1972). The Mind of Adolf Hitler: The Secret Wartime Report. Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-04620-7.
# Analysis of similarities

Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) is a non-parametric statistical test widely used in the field of ecology. The test was first suggested by K. R. Clarke as an ANOVA-like test, where instead of operating on raw data, operates on a ranked dissimilarity matrix.
Given a matrix of rank dissimilarities between a set of samples, each belonging to a single site (e.g. a single treatment group), the ANOSIM tests whether we can reject the null hypothesis that the similarity between sites is greater than or equal to the similarity within each site.
The test statistic R is calculated in the following way:
    $R={\frac {r_{B}-r_{W}}{M/2}}$
where r$_B$ is the average of rank similarities of pairs of samples (or replicates) originating from different sites, r$_W$ is the average of rank similarity of pairs among replicates within sites, and M = n(n − 1)/2 where n is the number of samples.
The test statistic R is constrained between the values −1 to 1, where positive numbers suggest more similarity within sites and values close to zero represent no difference between sites and within sites similarities. Negative R values suggest more similarity between sites than within sites and may raise the possibility of wrong assignment of samples to sites.
For the purpose of hypothesis testing, where the null hypothesis is that the similarities within sites are smaller or equal to the similarities between sites, the R statistic is usually compared to a set of R′ values that are achieved by means of randomly shuffling site labels between the samples and calculating the resulting R′, repeated many times. The percent of times that the actual R surpassed the permutations derived R′ values is the p-value for the actual R statistic.
Ranking of dissimilarity in ANOSIM and NMDS (non-metric multidimensional scaling) go hand in hand. Combining both methods complement visualisation of group differences along with significance testing.
ANOSIM is implemented in several statistical software including PRIMER, the R Vegan package and PAST.
# Sonja McLaughlan

Sonja McLaughlan (born 9 September 1962) is a British sports broadcaster. She joined the corporation in 1988, and has since covered seven Summer Olympics (from Atlanta 1996 to Tokyo 2020). McLaughlan is the producer for the BBC’s rugby union coverage, and broadcasts coverage of the Six Nations Championship.

## Career

McLaughlan joined the BBC in 1988 as a trainee, becoming a news producer on BBC Radio Sussex. She moved to London in 1993, and became a producer in BBC Radio's sports department. In 1995, she became the producer for the BBC's rugby union coverage. McLaughlan contributes to the BBC's coverage of the Six Nations Championship, conducting touchline interviews. McLaughlan also covers athletics for BBC Radio 5 Live and gives reports for the BBC News channel.
McLaughlan has reported from every one of the Olympic Games since Atlanta 1996. She was also part of the British Channel 4 commentary team for the London 2012 Paralympics. McLaughlan has additionally provided coverage for the World Athletics Championships, the London Marathon and The Boat Race.
In March 2024, McLaughlan promoted a conspiracy theory alleging the subject of a video of Catherine, Princess of Wales, was "clearly not her". This was later refuted by her employer, the BBC, as unsubstantiated with no evidence to support it.
# Sound Off (The Rubyz album)

Sound Off is the second studio album released by the American Christian tween pop girl group, The Rubyz. Similar to other iShine artists, Sound Off features 10 tracks, 5 original and 5 sing-along. It is the first album featuring The Rubyz as a duo rather than a trio.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Christianity Today | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
| New Release Tuesday | |
With the departure of then 14-year-old Marissa Milele, the group's youngest member, in 2009, The Rubyz became a duo. With the new member lineup, the group underwent a change in style. Staff at Jesus Freak Hideout noted that Sound Off was "a lot more mature than their debut." Abandoning the sound from their debut album, the review goes on to say that the music sounds like music heard on Top 40 radio. In addition, the lyrical style has changed.
   Gone are the teeny girly sleepover songs ["Time of My Life"] in favor of more socially conscious tunes.
The review at New Release Tuesday also mentions the new lyrical themes.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by The Rubyz

## Personnel

* Alexis Slifer - vocals
* Cammie Hall - vocals
# Amylobacillus

"Amylobacillus" is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae with one known species (Amylobacillus thermophilus).
# Iris Peterson

Iris V. Peterson (born October 11, 1921) is an American retired flight attendant who flew for United Airlines for 60 years between 1946 and 2007. At the time of her retirement at the age of 85, she was #1 in terms of seniority.

## Career

Iris Peterson was born in Menan, Idaho on October 11, 1921. She began her career in 1946. She held various leadership positions in the flight attendants' union. In 1953, she became the first lobbyist for the Air Line Stewards and Stewardesses Association. In 1968, she helped develop safety plans for the first jumbo aircraft. Working with aircraft engineers, 17 safety items were accepted, including the evacuation alarm, now standard equipment on aircraft worldwide. As of 1995 Peterson had the second highest seniority among flight attendants with United. She retired on April 23, 2007 after a 60-year career: she held the world record for longest flight attendant career until 2012 when Ron Akana retired after 62 years.
When she started her career, job restrictions included age, gender, ethnicity and weight, which favored men and discriminated against women. A tribute to Peterson by the United Airlines Association of Flight Attendants notes that she and her peers helped to destroy discriminatory practices, advancing the rights of women and uprooting gender discrimination (example flight attendants' right to be married, which wasn't allowed until 1968).
As of October 2021, Peterson lives in Redmond, Washington. Her husband, Raymond, predeceased her in March 2024.
# Soullans

Soullans (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France.
# Prhati, Barban

Prhati (Italian: Percati) is a village in Istria, Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 135.
# Ammaiyappan

Ammaiyappan is a village in the Tiruvarur taluk of Tiruvarur district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Ammaiyappan had a total population of 4616 with 2233 males and 2383 females. The sex ratio was 1.067. The literacy rate was 80.44.