# Callicarpa

Callicarpa (beautyberry) is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the family Lamiaceae. They are native to east and southeast Asia (where the majority of the species occur), Australia, Madagascar, south-eastern North America and South America.

## Growth

The temperate species are deciduous, the tropical species evergreen. The leaves are simple, opposite, and 5–25 cm long. The flowers are in clusters, white to pinkish. The fruit is a berry, 2–5 mm diameter and pink to red-purple with a highly distinctive metallic lustre, are very conspicuous in clusters on the bare branches after the leaves fall. The berries last well into the winter or dry season and are an important survival food for birds and other animals, though they will not eat them until other sources are depleted. The berries are highly astringent but are made into wine and jelly. Callicarpa species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species in Asia including Endoclita malabaricus and Endoclita undulifer.

## Familiar species

American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) is native to the southeastern United States. It can typically reach 1 to 2 meters in height. A jelly can be made from its ripe berries.
Ornamental varieties of Callicarpa americana have been bred to have pink or white berries.
* Bodinier's beautyberry (Callicarpa bodinieri), native to west-central China (Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi), is more cold-tolerant than C. americana, and is the species most widely cultivated in northwestern Europe. It can reach 3 meters tall.
* Japanese beautyberry (Callicarpa japonica), native to Japan, is also cultivated in gardens. It is called Murasakishikibu in Japanese, in honor of Murasaki Shikibu.
* Purple beautyberry (Callicarpa dichotoma), native to Japan, China, and Korea.

## Uses
### Insect repellent

American beautyberry has been used as a folk remedy to prevent mosquito bites. Four chemicals isolated from Callicarpa have been shown to act as insect repellents: borneol, callicarpenal, intermedeol, and spathulenol. The use of callicarpenal has been patented by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Research Service as a mosquito repellent.

## Species

Accepted species
* Callicarpa aculeolata Schauer - Dominican Republic
* Callicarpa acuminata Kunth - Latin America from Mexico to Bolivia
* Callicarpa acutidens Schauer - Vietnam
* Callicarpa acutifolia C.H.Chang - Guangxi, Guangdong
* Callicarpa albidotomentella Merr. - Luzon
* Callicarpa alongensis Dop - Vietnam
* Callicarpa americana L. - southeastern United States from Texas to Maryland; Cuba, Bermuda, Bahamas
* Callicarpa ampla Schauer - Puerto Rico
* Callicarpa angusta Schauer - Philippines
* Callicarpa angustifolia King & Gamble - Indochina, southern China
* Callicarpa anisodonta Bramley - Sulawesi
* Callicarpa anisophylla C.Y.Wu ex W.Z.Fang - Guangxi, Guangdong
* Callicarpa anomala (Ridl.) B.L.Burtt - Sarawak
* Callicarpa apoensis Elmer - Mindanao
* Callicarpa arborea Roxb. - southern China, Tibet, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Andaman Islands, New Guinea
* Callicarpa areolata Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa argentii Bramley - Kalimantan
* Callicarpa badipilosa S.Atkins - Brunei
* Callicarpa barbata Ridl. - Borneo
* Callicarpa basilanensis Merr. - Basilan, Mindanao
* Callicarpa basitruncata Merr. ex Moldenke - Hainan
* Callicarpa baviensis Moldenke - Vietnam
* Callicarpa bicolor Juss - Philippines, Sulawesi, Bismarck Archipelago, Palau
* Callicarpa bodinieri H.Lév - Indochina, southern China
* Callicarpa bodinieroides R.H.Miao - Guizhou
* Callicarpa borneensis Moldenke - Borneo
* Callicarpa bracteata Dop - Vietnam
* Callicarpa brevipes (Benth.) Hance - Vietnam, Cambodia, southern China
* Callicarpa brevipetiolata Merr. - Sumatra
* Callicarpa brevistyla Munir - Northern Territory of Australia
* Callicarpa bucheri Moldenke - Cuba
* Callicarpa candicans (Burm.f.) Hochr. - China, Bangladesh, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia, Micronesia
* Callicarpa cathayana C.H.Chang - southern China
* Callicarpa caudata Maxim. - Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Queensland
* Callicarpa cinnamomea (Hallier f.) Govaerts - Sulawesi
* Callicarpa collina Diels - Guangdong, Jiangxi
* Callicarpa coriacea Bramley - Sabah
* Callicarpa crassinervis Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa cubensis Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa cuneifolia Britton & P.Wilson - Cuba
* Callicarpa denticulata Merr. - Batan in Phlippines
* Callicarpa dentosa (H.T.Chang) W.Z.Fang - Guangdong
* Callicarpa dichotoma (Lour.) K.Koch - China, Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Vietnam
* Callicarpa dolichophylla Merr. - southern China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Luzon
* Callicarpa endertii (Moldenke) Bramley - Kalimantan
* Callicarpa erioclona Schauer - Vietnam, Borneo, Sulawesi, Java, Philippines, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago
* Callicarpa erythrosticta Merr. & Chun - Hainan
* Callicarpa fasciculiflora Merr. - Bucas Grande in Philippines
* Callicarpa ferruginea Sw. - Cuba, Jamaica
* Callicarpa flavida Elmer - Mindanao, Dinagat
* Callicarpa floccosa Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa fulva A.Rich. - Cuba
* Callicarpa fulvohirsuta Merr. - Sabah
* Callicarpa furfuracea Ridl. - Thailand, Malaysia
* Callicarpa gibaroana Baro & P.Herrera - Cuba
* Callicarpa giraldii Hesse ex Rehder - China
* Callicarpa glabra Koidz. - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands)
* Callicarpa glabrifolia S.Atkins - Borneo
* Callicarpa gracilipes Rehder - Sichuan, Hubei
* Callicarpa grandiflora (Hallier f.) Govaerts - Sumatra, Sulawesi
* Callicarpa grisebachii Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa havilandii (King & Gamble) H.J.Lam - Borneo
* Callicarpa heterotricha Merr. - Vietnam
* Callicarpa hispida (Moldenke) Bramley - Sabah
* Callicarpa hitchcockii Millsp. - Bahamas, Cuba
* Callicarpa homoeophylla (Hallier f.) Govaerts - Borneo, Sulawesi
* Callicarpa hungtaii C.Pei & S.L.Chen - Guangdong
* Callicarpa hypoleucophylla T.P.Lin & J.L.Wang - Taiwan
* Callicarpa inaequalis Teijsm. & Binn. ex Bakh. - Java
* Callicarpa integerrima Champ. ex Benth. - southern China
* Callicarpa involucrata Merr. - Borneo
* Callicarpa japonica Thunb. - China, Japan, Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan
* Callicarpa kerrii Leerat. & A.J.Paton - Thailand
* Callicarpa kinabaluensis Bakh. & Heine - Sabah
* Callicarpa kochiana Makino - China, Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan
* Callicarpa kwangtungensis Chun - southern China
* Callicarpa laciniata H.J.Lam - Timor
* Callicarpa lamii Hosok - Mariana Islands
* Callicarpa lancifolia Millsp. - Cuba
* Callicarpa leonis Moldenke - Cuba
* Callicarpa lingii Merr. - Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang
* Callicarpa loboapiculata Metcalf - Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan.
* Callicarpa longibracteata C.H.Chang - Hong Kong
* Callicarpa longifolia Lam. - China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Christmas Island, Queensland
* Callicarpa longipes Dunn - Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi
* Callicarpa longipetiolata Merr. - Luzon
* Callicarpa luteopunctata C.H.Chang - Sichuan, Yunnan
* Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl. - China, Himalayas, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Queensland
* Callicarpa madagascariensis Moldenke - Madagascar
* Callicarpa magnifolia Merr. - Luzon
* Callicarpa maingayi King & Gamble - Thailand to Malaya
* Callicarpa membranacea C.H.Chang - China
* Callicarpa mendumiae Bramley - Sulawesi
* Callicarpa micrantha S.Vidal - Philippines, Micronesia
* Callicarpa moana Borhidi & O.Muñiz - Cuba
* Callicarpa moldenkeana A.Rajendran & P.Daniel - Meghalaya
* Callicarpa mollis Siebold & Zucc. - Japan, Korea
* Callicarpa nipensis Britton & P.Wilson - Cuba
* Callicarpa nishimurae Koidz. - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands)
* Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. & Arn. - China, Himalayas, Indian Subcontinent, Indochina
* Callicarpa oblanceolata Urb. - Cuba
* Callicarpa oligantha Merr. - Guangdong
* Callicarpa oshimensis Hayata - Ryukyu Islands
* Callicarpa pachyclada Quisumb. & Merr. - Luzon, Samar
* Callicarpa paloensis Elmer - Luzon, Leyte
* Callicarpa parvifolia Hook. & Arn. - Nayarit
* Callicarpa pauciflora Chun ex H.T.Chang - Guangdong, Jiangxi
* Callicarpa pedunculata R.Br. - China, Himalayas, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Melanesia, Australia
* Callicarpa peichieniana H.Ma & W.B.Yu - Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan
* Callicarpa pentandra Roxb. - Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
* Callicarpa petelotii Dop - Vietnam
* Callicarpa phuluangensis Leerat. & A.J.Paton - Thailand
* Callicarpa pilosissima Maxim. - Taiwan
* Callicarpa pingshanensis C.Y.Wu ex W.Z.Fang - Sichuan
* Callicarpa platyphylla Merr. - Luzon, Polillo
* Callicarpa plumosa Quisumb. & Merr. - Luzon
* Callicarpa prolifera C.Y.Wu - Yunnan, Guangxi
* Callicarpa pseudorubella C.H.Chang - Guangdong
* Callicarpa pseudoverticillata Bramley - Sulawesi
* Callicarpa psilocalyx C.B.Clarke - Meghalaya, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia
* Callicarpa pullei (H.J.Lam) Govaerts - New Guinea
* Callicarpa quaternifolia (Hallier f.) Govaerts - Borneo, Sulawesi
* Callicarpa ramiflora Merr. - Philippines
* Callicarpa randaiensis Hayata - Taiwan
* Callicarpa remotiflora T.P.Lin & J.L.Wang - Hengchun Peninsula in Taiwan
* Callicarpa remotiserrulata Hayata - Hengchun Peninsula in Taiwan
* Callicarpa resinosa C.Wright & Moldenke - Cuba
* Callicarpa reticulata Sw. - Jamaica
* Callicarpa revoluta Moldenke - Cuba
* Callicarpa ridleyi S.Moore - Java
* Callicarpa roigii Britton - Cuba
* Callicarpa rubella Lindl. - China, Himalayas, Southeast Asia
* Callicarpa rudis S.Moore - Sumatra
* Callicarpa ruptofoliata R.H.Miao - Guangdong
* Callicarpa saccata Steenis - Borneo
* Callicarpa salicifolia C.Pei & W.Z.Fang - southern China
* Callicarpa scandens (Moldenke) Govaerts - Sabah
* Callicarpa selleana Urb. & Ekman - Massif de la Selle in Haiti
* Callicarpa shaferi Britton & P.Wilson - Cuba
* Callicarpa shikokiana Makino - Japan
* Callicarpa × shirasawana Makino - Japan (C. japonica × C. mollis)
* Callicarpa simondii Dop - Vietnam
* Callicarpa siongsaiensis Metcalf - Fujian
* Callicarpa sordida Urb. - Dominican Republic
* Callicarpa stapfii Moldenke - Sabah
* Callicarpa subaequalis Bramley - Kalimantan
* Callicarpa subalbida Elmer - Luzon, Mindoro
* Callicarpa subglandulosa Elmer - Luzon, Negros
* Callicarpa subintegra Merr. - Luzon
* Callicarpa subpubescens Hook. & Arn. - Bonin Islands, Volcano Islands
* Callicarpa superposita Merr. - Borneo
* Callicarpa surigaensis Merr. - Samar, Mindanao
* Callicarpa takakumensis Hatus - Mt. Takakuma in Japan
* Callicarpa teneriflora Bramley - Kalimantan
* Callicarpa thozetii Munir - Queensland
* Callicarpa tikusikensis Masam. - Taiwan
* Callicarpa tingwuensis C.H.Chang - Guangdong
* Callicarpa toaensis Borhidi & O.Muñiz - Cuba
* Callicarpa tomentosa (L.) L. - Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaya
* Callicarpa × tosaensis Makino - Japan (C. japonica × C. kochiana)
* Callicarpa vansteenisii Moldenke - Sumatra
* Callicarpa vestita Wall. ex C.B.Clarke - eastern Himalayas, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Assam
* Callicarpa woodii Merr. - Borneo
* Callicarpa wrightii Britton & P.Wilson - Cuba
* Callicarpa yunnanensis W.Z.Fang - Yunnan, Vietnam