OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Richard Boyle (archbishop of Tuam)

Richard Boyle (c. 1574–1645) was an English bishop who became Archbishop of Tuam in the Church of Ireland. He was the second son of Michael Boyle (died 2 February 1597), merchant in London, and his wife Jane (baptised 17 January 1548), daughter and co-heiress of William Peacock. His younger brother was Michael Boyle, bishop of Waterford.

## Biography

Richard Boyle was born around 1574. In 1590, he entered Corpus Christi College, Cambridge but is recorded to have migrated to St John's College, Cambridge. He graduated with a BA in 1595 which led to an MA three years later, and was incorporated MA at Oxford on 16 July 1601. He held the vicarage of Finedon in Northamptonshire before embarking on a Church of Ireland ecclesiastical career.
He became warden of Youghal on 24 February 1603, dean of Waterford on 10 May 1603 (until 1620), and dean of Tuam in May 1604, Archdeacon of Limerick on 8 May 1605, and bishop of Cork, Cloyne, and Ross on 22 August 1620, these three preferments being obtained through the interest of his cousin, Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, with whom he later quarrelled. He was advanced to the see of Tuam on 30 May 1638. On the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641, he retired with Dr. John Maxwell, bishop of Killala, and others, to Galway for protection, where, when the town rose in arms against the garrison, his life was preserved through the influence of Ulick Burke, Earl of Clanricarde. He died at Cork on 19 March 1645, and was buried in the Cathedral of St. Finbar. He is said to have repaired more churches and consecrated more new ones than any other bishop of his time.

## Family

He married Martha, daughter of Rice Wight (died 31 October 1602) of Braboeuf Manor at Artington in Surrey, and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Needler of Holylands at Horley, Surrey. Sources differ over their children, a provisional list being:
* Reverend Michael, Archbishop of Armagh and father of the 1st Viscount Blessington.
* Richard, a Royalist army officer executed after the Siege of Drogheda in 1649.
* Elizabeth, married Sir Robert Travers.
* Alice, married Henry Delaune, who died at the Battle of Lostwithiel in 1644.
* Anne, married to John Davant, with whom she drowned in 1641.
* Jane, married to Sir William Hull, Vice-Admiral of Munster, who lived at Leamcon near Schull in County Cork.
* Catherine I, died in infancy.
* Catherine II, married to John FitzGerald, Dean of Cork, who died at Bristol in 1641.
* Dorothy, married first to Grenville Halse (sources also give his first name as Arthur or Hewett) who died in 1645, secondly to Henry Turner of Bandon, County Cork, and thirdly to Thomas Roberts, Chancellor of Cork.
* Martha, married first to Lt-Colonel Osbaldeston who was killed at the Siege of Gloucester in 1643, secondly to Lt-Colonel John Nelson and thirdly to Sir Matthew Deane, 1st Baronet of Dromore.
* Bridget, married John Jephson, son of John Jephson and brother of William Jephson.
# Beverley town walls

Beverley's town walls are a sequence of defensive structures built around the town of Beverley in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

## History

In the early medieval period, the town of Beverley was not walled. A "great ditch", later called Bar Dike, had been built on west side of the town by 1169, and by the 13th century there were a couple of formal gateways to the town: North Bar and South Bar (later called Keldgate Bar).
In 1322, however the town of Beverley petitioned parliament, requesting that they be allowed to build a protective town wall. Beverley had been attacked by the Scots in 1321 during the Wars of Scottish Independence and been ransomed from the Scots in early 1322. Other than the simple gates and ditches, the town was undefended. No action was taken, not least because of lack of interest from the Archbishop of York. In 1371, prompted by the threat of war with France, a commission examined the problem of Beverley's defences again, once again with little result.
At the beginning of the 15th century, during the reign of Henry IV, the political situation in England became unstable and further steps were taken to improve Beverley's defences. The Town Council had North Bar rebuilt in brick between 1409 and 1410, with a portcullis and parapets; the work cost £97 11d. Chains were bought to block entrances and streets, other gateways repaired with brick and iron, and additional "bars" – long pieces of timber – were acquired to protect the entrances to the town. By the time that the antiquarian John Leland visited in 1540, North Bar gate, Keldgate and the recently constructed Newbegin gate were all built in brick. These defences were insufficient, however, to prevent rebels entering the town in 1537.
In the 1640s civil war broke out between the supporters of Charles I and Parliament. The defences of Beverley were then reinforced with new ditches, the gatehouses were repaired and a garrison of 900 men guarded the town. Once again, these defences were not sufficient and Royalist forces were able to successfully raid the town. After the war the defences were neglected and ditches began to be filled in as the town expanded. Today only traces of the original ditches and the North Bar gate remain intact; the latter is considered by archaeologists Oliver Creighton and Robert Higham to be the "best surviving example in England of a brick-built town gate". The gatehouse is protected as a grade I listed building.
# Yeşilköy, Kovancılar

Yeşilköy is a village in the Kovancılar District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 73 (2021).
# Repligen Corporation Award in Chemistry of Biological Processes

The Repligen Award in Chemistry of Biological Processes was established in 1985 and consists of a silver medal and honorarium. Its purpose is to acknowledge and encourage outstanding contributions to the understanding of the chemistry of biological processes, with particular emphasis on structure, function, and mechanism. The Award is administered by the Division of Biological Chemistry of the American Chemical Society.
The award was suspended in 2018 before being reestablished in 2022 as the Abeles and Jencks Award in Chemistry of Biological Processes. With the help of multiple financial donors, the award was endowed to honor the legacies of Professors Robert H. Abeles and William P. Jencks.

## Recipients

Source: ACS - Division of Biological Chemistry
* 1986 – Gregorio Weber
* 1987 – Thomas C. Bruice
* 1988 – Robert H. Abeles
* 1989 – Stephen J. Benkovic
* 1990 – Harold A. Scheraga
* 1991 – William W. Parson
* 1992 – Frank H. Westheimer
* 1993 – Jeremy R. Knowles
* 1994 – Judith P. Klinman
* 1995 – W. Wallace Cleland
* 1996 – William P. Jencks
* 1997 – James A. Spudich
* 1998 – David S. Eisenberg
* 1999 – Christopher T. Walsh
* 2000 – Perry A. Frey
* 2001 – Rowena G. Matthews
* 2002 – C. Dale Poulter
* 2003 – John A. Gerlt
* 2004 – JoAnne Stubbe
* 2005 – David E. Cane
* 2006 – Vern L. Schramm
* 2007 – Michael Marletta
* 2008 – Hung-Wen (Ben) Liu
* 2009 – Frank Raushel
* 2010 – Ronald T. Raines
* 2011 – Richard Armstrong
* 2012 – Carol Fierke
* 2013 – David W. Christianson
* 2014 – John Lipscomb
* 2015 – John S. Blanchard
* 2016 – Tadhg Begley
* 2017 – Wilfred A. van der Donk
* 2018 – Michael H. Gelb
* award suspended - 2018
# Bernard Reginster

Bernard Reginster is an American philosopher. He is the Romeo Elton Professor of Natural Theology at Brown University. Reginster is known for his expertise on philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche, particularly Nietzschean affirmation. He is a recipient of Laurence S. Rockefeller Fellowship.

## Books

The Affirmation of Life: Nietzsche on Overcoming Nihilism, Harvard University Press, 2006
# Prerequisite

Prerequisite or prerequisites may refer to:
* Prerequisite, a necessary condition for something
* Functional prerequisites, basic needs in sociological theory
* Prerequisite Tree in thinking processes
* Required prior courses or "prereqs", in a higher education curriculum
# Retinaculum of foot

Retinaculum of foot may refer to
* Flexor retinaculum of foot
* Peroneal retinacula
* Superior extensor retinaculum of foot
* Inferior extensor retinaculum of foot
# German trawler V 303 Tannenberg

V 303 Tannenberg was a German fishing trawler that was requisitioned in the Second World War by the Kriegsmarine for use as a vorpostenboot. She was returned to her owners post war. In 1958, she was re-engined and converted to a cargo ship. In 1970 she was sold to Greece and renamed Panaghia. She was sold to Panama in 1975 and was renamed Nikos then Chantal. She was wrecked in 1978.

## Description

The ship was 55.20 metres (181 ft 1 in) long, with a beam of 8.00 metres (26 ft 3 in). She had a depth of 4.65 metres (15 ft 3 in) and a draught of 4.15 metres (13 ft 7 in). She was assessed at 372 GRT, 140 NRT. She was powered by a triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of 35 centimetres (13+3⁄4 in), 55 centimetres (21+5⁄8 in) and 90.0 centimetres (35+7⁄16 in) diameter by 64.9 centimetres (25+9⁄16 in) stroke. The engine was built by Deschimag Seebeckwerft, Wesermünde, Germany. It was rated at 92nhp. It drove a single screw propeller, and could propel the ship at 11 knots (20 km/h).

## History

Tannenberg was built at yard number 527 by Deschimag Seebeckwerft, Wesermünde for the Nordsee Deutsche Hochseefischerei AG, Cuxhaven. She was launched in May 1935 and completed in July. The fishing boat registration HC 293 was allocated, as were the Code Letters DJPI.
On 23 September 1939, Tannenberg was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine for use as a vorpostenboot. She was allocated to 3 Vorpostenflotille as V 303 Tannenburg. On 5 January 1941, she sank or was sunk. She was raised, repaired and returned to service.
Tannenberg was returned to her owners post-war. In 1948, her registration was changed to BX 541. In 1958, she was sold to E. Böse, Emden, West Germany. In that year, a diesel engine was fitted and she was converted to a cargo ship. The engine was a four stroke single acting type. It had 6 cylinders of 320 millimetres (12+5⁄8 in) diameter by 450 millimetres (17+11⁄16 in) stroke. It was built by Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz, Köln, West Germany, and propelled the vessel at a speed of 8+1⁄2 knots (15.7 km/h). She was sold to K. Kruse, Emden in 1966. In 1970, Tannenberg was sold to Greece and renamed Panaghia. She was sold to Panama in 1975 and was renamed Nikos, then Chantal later that year. On 25 June 1978, Chantal sprang a leak 9 nautical miles (17 km) off Cape Engaño, Dominican Republic and was beached. She was declared a total loss.
# Bielica

Bielica refers to the following places in Poland:
* Bielica, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
* Bielica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
# Juan Barreto

Juan Alejandro Barreto Cipriani (born 7 August 1959) is a Venezuelan politician and sociologist who served as mayor of Caracas from 2004 until 2008. Juan Barreto belongs to the REDES party.

## Career
### Congressperson

Juan Barreto entered the political scene with his election to the Venezuelan Chamber of Deputies in the November 1998 elections. On July 30, 2000, Barreto was elected to the newly created National Assembly (the legislative body that replaced the Chamber of Deputies), receiving 276,952 votes, or 53.98% of the total votes, and represented the Venezuelan Capital District. He resigned from this position when he was elected mayor of Caracas in October 2004.

### Mayor of Caracas

During his term in office, Barreto's relationships with the other mayors of Caracas were hostile. On August 22, 2006 he denounced fellow mayors Leopoldo López and Henrique Capriles. In response, both announced legal action against him.

### Other

Juan Barreto has received degrees in journalism and social sciences. He was the director of the newspaper "Correo del Presidente", the Oficina Central de Información (OCI, now the Ministry of Communication and Information), and the news agency Venpres (now known as the Agencia Bolivariana de Noticias, or ABN). Barreto is also a professor at the Universidad Central de Venezuela.
He was longlisted for the 2008 World Mayor award.
# George Angus (architect)

George Angus ARSA (1792–1845) was an early 19th century Scottish architect renowned for his Gothic Revival churches and Classical public buildings. Although based in Edinburgh (and presumably seeking commissions there) almost all of his work is to the north, with a particular impact on the townscape of Dundee.

## Life

He was born in Meikleour in Perthshire in 1792. He had no university training but was apprenticed as an architect probably around 1802, probably in Dundee, given his later connections to the town.
He moved to 1 St Colme Street in Edinburgh in 1828 running an office from 165 Rose Street.
Little is known of his private life, but he was a friend of the artist Alexander Fraser. Several of his churches are based on R & R Dickson's Kilconquhar church of 1821.
In his final year his business address moved to 110 Princes Street facing onto Edinburgh Castle.
He died at his home, 1 St Colme Street in Edinburgh's New Town on 8 June 1845, following a short illness. He is buried in Warriston Cemetery in north Edinburgh. The extremely modest grave lies on the southmost path of the main cemetery, towards the south-east.

## Family

He was married to Jessie Smith, but his wife died young (possibly in childbirth). They had one daughter, also Jessie, who lived at 47 India Place after her father's death.

## Principal works

* Drummuir Parish Church (1816)
* Cottage at Christian Bank (now Trinity Road) Trinity, Edinburgh (1827)
* Internal restoration of Kirkcaldy Parish Church (1828)
* Contin manse remodelling (1829)
* High School of Dundee, known as Dundee Public Seminaries when built (1831)
* Reform Street, Dundee (1832)
* Kettle Parish Church, Kingskettle in Fife (1832)
* Kinross Parish Church (1832)
* Tulliallan Castle lodge (1832)
* Dundee Sheriff Court (1833)
* Hamilton Prison (1833)
* Tulliallan Parish Church (1833)
* Alloa House (1834)
* Watt Institution, Dundee (1834)
* Netherbyres House, Ayton (1834)
* British Linen Bank, Kinross (1835)
* Dudhope Church, Dundee (1837)
* Alloa Episcopal Church (1839)
* British Linen Bank, Kirriemuir (1839)
* Glendelvine House, Perthshire (1839)
* Dudhope Terrace, Dundee (1840)
* British Linen Bank, Tain (1845)
# The Cradle Buster

The Cradle Buster is a 1922 American silent comedy film directed by Frank Tuttle and starring Glenn Hunter, Marguerite Courtot and William H. Tooker.

## Cast

* Glenn Hunter as Benjamin Franklin Reed
* Marguerite Courtot as Gay Dixon
* Mary Foy as Melia Prout
* William H. Tooker as 'Blarney' Dixon
* Lois Blaine as Polly Ann Parsons
* Osgood Perkins as Crack 'Spoony'
* Townsend Martin as Holcomb Berry
* Beatrice Burton Morgan as Mrs. Reed
# Yeşilköy, Kumluca

Yeşilköy is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kumluca, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 166 (2022).
# Shung Him Tong Tsuen

Shung Him Tong Tsuen (Chinese: 崇謙堂村) is a village in the Lung Yeuk Tau area of Fanling, North District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Shung Him Tong is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy. It is one of the villages represented within the Fanling District Rural Committee. For electoral purposes, Shung Him Tong Tsuen is part of the Queen's Hill constituency, which is currently represented by Law Ting-tak.

## Features

* Kin Tak Lau, Nos. 15-16 Shung Him Tong Tsuen, Grade I historic building
* Shek Lo, Grade I historic building
* Tsung Kyam Church, No. 20 Shung Him Tong Tsuen, Grade III historic building
# João Aguiar

João Aguiar may refer to:
* João Aguiar (writer) (1943–2010), Portuguese writer and journalist
* João Aguiar (swimmer) (born 1983), Angolan swimmer
# Amaliendorf-Aalfang

Amaliendorf-Aalfang is a town in the district of Gmünd in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

## Geography

Amaliendorf-Aalfang lies in the Waldviertel in Lower Austria. Only about 41.38 percent of the municipality is forested.
# German trawler V 305 Ostpreussen

V 305 Ostpreussen was a German fishing trawler that was requisitioned in the Second World War by the Kriegsmarine for use as a vorpostenboot and later a Vorpostensicherungsboot. She was returned to her owners post war. In 1957, she was re-engined, converted to a cargo ship and renamed Stella Maris. Sold to the Netherlands that year, she was scrapped in 1958.

## Description

The ship was 55.20 metres (181 ft 1 in) long, with a beam of 8.00 metres (26 ft 3 in). She had a depth of 4.65 metres (15 ft 3 in) and a draught of 4.15 metres (13 ft 7 in). She was assessed at 372 GRT, 140 NRT. She was powered by a triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of 35 centimetres (13+3⁄4 in), 55 centimetres (21+5⁄8 in) and 90.0 centimetres (35+7⁄16 in) diameter by 64.9 centimetres (25+9⁄16 in) stroke. The engine was built by Deschimag Seebeckwerft, Wesermünde, Germany. It was rated at 93nhp. It drove a single screw propeller, and could propel the ship at 11 knots (20 km/h).

## History

Ostpreussen was built at yard number 526 by Deschimag Seebeckwerft, Wesermünde for the Nordsee Deutsche Hochseefischerei AG, Cuxhaven. She was launched in June 1935 and completed on 15 July. The fishing boat registration PG 487 was allocated, as were the Code Letters DFCB.
On 30 September 1939, Ostpreussen was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine for use as a vorpostenboot. She was allocated to 3 Vorpostenflotille as V 305 Ostpreussen. On 17 November 1942, she went to the assistance of the cargo ship Hindenburg, which had struck a mine in the Baltic Sea off Utö, Finland. Hindenburg was taken in tow, but consequently sank on 19 November. On 15 February 1944, she was redesignated as a Vorpostensicherungsboot serving with 5 Vorpostensicherungsflotille as Vs 518 Ostpreussen.
Ostpreussen was returned to her owners post-war. In 1948, her registration was changed to BX 345. In January 1957, she was sold to F. Hansen, Emden, West Germany and renamed Stella Maris. In that year, a diesel engine was fitted and she was converted to a cargo ship. In March 1957, she was sold to Dutch owners. She was scrapped in the Netherlands in May 1958.
# HUI Gold Index

The NYSE Arca Gold BUGS Index is a modified equal dollar weighted index of companies involved in gold mining. BUGS stands for Basket of Unhedged Gold Stocks. It is also referred to by its ticker symbol "HUI".

## Overview

The HUI Index and Philadelphia Gold and Silver Index (XAU) are the two most watched gold indices on the market. The main difference between them is that the HUI Index takes into account only gold producer stocks whereas the XAU Index includes both gold and silver producers. The Gold BUGS Index was designed to provide significant exposure to near term movements in gold prices by including companies that do not hedge their gold production beyond 1.5 years.

## Development

The HUI Index was developed with a base value of 200.00 as of March 15, 1996. The NYSE Arca Gold BUGS Index currently consists of 15 of the largest and most widely held public gold production companies. Since bottoming in late 2000, HUI went on to be the top-performing US stock sector of the decade, rising by about 1600%.

## Index components

| Company name | Symbol | Weighting |
| Newmont | NYSE: NEM | 16.45% |
| Barrick Gold | NYSE: ABX | 13.83% |
| Goldcorp | NYSE: GG | 11.36% |
| Agnico Eagle | NYSE: AEM | 3.86% |
| Randgold Resources | Nasdaq: GOLD | 3.80% |
| Kinross Gold | NYSE: KGC | 3.77% |
| AngloGold Ashanti | NYSE: AU | 4.08% |
| Gold Fields | NYSE: GFI | 3.95% |
| Compania de Minas Buenaventura | NYSE: BVN | 4.73% |
| Sibanye-Stillwater | NYSE: SBGL | 3.37% |
| Iamgold | NYSE: IAG | 3.75% |
| Kirkland Lake Gold | NYSE: KL | 4.66% |
| Yamana Gold | NYSE: AUY | 4.16% |
| New Gold | AMEX: NGD | 3.28% |
| Alamos Gold | NYSE: AGI | 3.62% |
| Osisko Gold Royalties | NYSE: OR | 3.68% |
| Hecla Mining | NYSE: HL | 4.14% |
| Eldorado Gold | NYSE: EGO | 3.49% |
* ↑ The weightings above are updated infrequently. See NYSE Arca Gold BUGS Index Closing Index Composition for the current composition weighting.
Adjustments are made quarterly after the close of trading on the third Friday of March, June, September, and December so that each component stock represents its assigned weight in the index.

## HUI-gold ratio

The HUI-gold ratio is an expression which compares the relative quantities of the NYSE Gold BUGS Index and the price of gold. The ratio is calculated by dividing the value of the NYSE Gold BUGS Index by the price of gold.
Investors use the HUI-gold ratio to illustrate the ever-shifting relative strength of the gold stocks versus gold.
# Bernard Renaud

Bernard Renaud (known as "Renot") (born in Lyon, France, 1935) is a French-American painter, sculptor, illustrator and author. He won the 2004 "French Merit and Devotion" Laureate - Gold Medal recipient, presented by the French Government.
# Suzanne Guité

Suzanne Guité RCA (1926 – February 6, 1981) was a Canadian artist who lived in Percé, Quebec.

## Early life

She was born in New Richmond and studied sculpture at the Institute of Design in Chicago with László Moholy-Nagy and Alexander Archipenko, continuing her education with Constantin Brâncuși. Guité pursued further studies at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze and research at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional in Mexico. She also studied archaeology and art history in Crete and Rhodes. In 1956, with her husband, painter Alberto Tommi, she founded the Centre d'art de Percé. Guité was invited to the Venice Biennale of 1958. In 1975, she was elected into the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

## Career

Best known as a sculptor, from 1956 to 1960, she painted murals; she also created paintings and tapestries. Guité created a large sculpture called Maternité aux jumeaux for Expo 67. As a sculptor, she believed in listening to her materials and carefully selected the wood and stone used in her works. In her work, she explored universal themes relating to humanity's interaction with the universe and was influenced by the art created by ancient civilizations, especially pre-Columbian art.
Her work appeared in exhibitions held at the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal and the Musée Rodin in Paris. Guité's art is included in private, corporate and public collections, including the National Gallery of Canada and the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec.

## Death and recognition

She was murdered by her second life partner, who was from Jamaica, during a stay in Mexico.
Guité's life was chronicled in "S. Guité La force tranquille", an episode in the documentary series Histoires oubliées.
The Espace culturel Suzanne-Guité and Place Suzanne-Guité in New Richmond were named in her honour.
# Bhamashah Stadium

Bhamashah Stadium is cricket ground in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. It has hosted five matches for Uttar Pradesh cricket team till November 2013 since making its debut in 2003 when Uttar Pradesh cricket team played against Punjab cricket team as match ended in a draw. Manish Pandey scored 194 in a match between Karnataka cricket team and home team Uttar Pradesh cricket team. The stadium is home of Indian fast-bowler Praveen Kumar and Bhuvneshwar Kumar. It is a domestic cricket stadium.
# Linguistics (disambiguation)

Linguistics is a field of study.
Linguistics may also refer to these publications:
* Linguistics (journal), a bimonthly De Gruyter periodical (1963 onwards)
* Linguistics: A Very Short Introduction, a 2003 OUP concise guide
* Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication, an MIT Press textbook (1979 onwards)