# Kitikmeot Region

Kitikmeot Region (/ˈkɪtəkmjuːt/; Inuktitut: Qitirmiut ᕿᑎᕐᒥᐅᑦ) is an administrative region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of the southern and eastern parts of Victoria Island with the adjacent part of the mainland as far as the Boothia Peninsula, together with King William Island and the southern portion of Prince of Wales Island. The regional centre is Cambridge Bay (population 1,766;).
Before 1999, Kitikmeot Region existed under slightly different boundaries as Kitikmeot Region, Northwest Territories.

## Transportation

Access to the territorial capital of Iqaluit is difficult and expensive as there were no direct flights from Kitikmeot Region communities to Iqaluit. For example, Iqaluit is approximately 1,069 km (664 mi) from Kugaaruk, the closest Kitikmeot community. A one-way flight to the capital costs between $2,691 and $2,911 (as of November 2016) and involves flying to, along with an overnight stay in, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, approximately 1,310 km (810 mi) southwest of Kugaaruk—in total, a trip of about 3,627 km (2,254 mi).
As is the case for the rest of Nunavut, there is no road access to the region and all places are fly-in. All five hamlets have certified airports: Cambridge Bay Airport, Gjoa Haven Airport, Kugaaruk Airport, Kugluktuk Airport and Taloyoak Airport, with scheduled flights by Canadian North.
There are also four registered aerodromes in the region. Cambridge Bay Water Aerodrome is a floatplane base open in the summer only. George Lake Aerodrome, an ice runway is only open from January to April, and serves the Back River Gold Project. Goose Lake Aerodrome also serves the Back River Gold Project and has both ice and gravel runways. Hope Bay Aerodrome serves the Hope Bay mine site and is a gravel runway. The former Doris Lake Aerodrome, was a 7,894 ft (2,406 m) ice runway, and was the longest in the region, it served the Doris Lake mine.

## Climate

The Kitikmeot Region has a harsh subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) and a tundra climate (Dfc) with long, very cold winters and short, cool summers.
Climate data for Kugluktuk (Kugluktuk Airport) WMO ID: 71938; coordinates 67°49′00″N 115°08′38″W﻿ / ﻿67.81667°N 115.14389°W﻿ / 67.81667; -115.14389﻿ (Baie-Kugluktuk Airport); elevation: 22.6 m (74 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1930–present :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 0.3 | −1.7 | −0.3 | 8.9 | 19.8 | 30.3 | 36.8 | 36.8 | 25.8 | 13.1 | 2.2 | −1.5 | 36.8 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) | 1.1 (34.0) | −0.1 (31.8) | 9.8 (49.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 32.5 (90.5) | 34.9 (94.8) | 30.3 (86.5) | 26.1 (79.0) | 13.9 (57.0) | 4.4 (39.9) | 4.4 (39.9) | 34.9 (94.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −22.5 (−8.5) | −22.8 (−9.0) | −20.1 (−4.2) | −11.6 (11.1) | −0.6 (30.9) | 10.4 (50.7) | 15.8 (60.4) | 13.7 (56.7) | 6.8 (44.2) | −2.9 (26.8) | −13.2 (8.2) | −20.1 (−4.2) | −5.6 (21.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −26.6 (−15.9) | −27.0 (−16.6) | −24.6 (−12.3) | −16.4 (2.5) | −4.5 (23.9) | 5.9 (42.6) | 11.2 (52.2) | 9.6 (49.3) | 3.6 (38.5) | −5.9 (21.4) | −17.1 (1.2) | −24.1 (−11.4) | −9.7 (14.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −30.7 (−23.3) | −31.3 (−24.3) | −29.1 (−20.4) | −21.2 (−6.2) | −8.5 (16.7) | 1.4 (34.5) | 6.5 (43.7) | 5.4 (41.7) | 0.3 (32.5) | −9.0 (15.8) | −21.0 (−5.8) | −28.1 (−18.6) | −13.8 (7.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.8 (−54.0) | −50.0 (−58.0) | −48.9 (−56.0) | −43.9 (−47.0) | −31.1 (−24.0) | −15.0 (5.0) | −0.8 (30.6) | −4.4 (24.1) | −20.0 (−4.0) | −35.4 (−31.7) | −41.1 (−42.0) | −45.0 (−49.0) | −50.0 (−58.0) |
| Record low wind chill | −64.3 | −64.4 | −65.0 | −54.4 | −39.7 | −15.6 | −5.9 | −11.8 | −22.9 | −46.5 | −54.1 | −61.5 | −65.0 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 9.2 (0.36) | 7.0 (0.28) | 9.3 (0.37) | 7.9 (0.31) | 14.5 (0.57) | 17.4 (0.69) | 45.2 (1.78) | 42.3 (1.67) | 35.5 (1.40) | 23.3 (0.92) | 10.9 (0.43) | 10.6 (0.42) | 233.1 (9.18) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.00) | 4.3 (0.17) | 14.6 (0.57) | 44.4 (1.75) | 44.9 (1.77) | 31.4 (1.24) | 4.7 (0.19) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 144.5 (5.69) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 19.6 (7.7) | 16.3 (6.4) | 19.4 (7.6) | 18.2 (7.2) | 16.2 (6.4) | 2.1 (0.8) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.1) | 7.7 (3.0) | 35.0 (13.8) | 25.5 (10.0) | 21.9 (8.6) | 182.1 (71.7) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 9.7 | 8.7 | 10.1 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 11.8 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 14.5 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 126.2 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 6.8 | 11.5 | 13.1 | 10.5 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.4 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.5 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 9.5 | 7.2 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 3.7 | 14.5 | 13.4 | 11.6 | 93.6 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST) | 76.7 | 75.1 | 77.5 | 82.3 | 83.1 | 70.2 | 64.8 | 69.8 | 75.5 | 84.7 | 80.9 | 77.8 | 76.5 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | −30.6 (−23.1) | −31.3 (−24.3) | −30.2 (−22.4) | −20.8 (−5.4) | −7.5 (18.5) | 0.8 (33.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | 4.6 (40.3) | −0.3 (31.5) | −8.3 (17.1) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −29.7 (−21.5) | −14.1 (6.6) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 17.8 | 77.3 | 160.3 | 233.3 | 246.7 | 375.0 | 341.6 | 207.7 | 91.1 | 51.2 | 19.6 | 0.2 | 1,821.7 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 17.7 | 35.5 | 44.4 | 49.6 | 38.7 | 52.1 | 48.5 | 38.5 | 22.8 | 17.6 | 12.7 | 0.7 | 31.6 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (rain/rain days, snow/snow days, humidex, wind chill, humidity 1981–2010) Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (dew point 1951–1980) ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Cambridge Bay (Cambridge Bay Airport) WMO ID: 71925; coordinates 69°06′29″N 105°08′18″W﻿ / ﻿69.10806°N 105.13833°W﻿ / 69.10806; -105.13833﻿ (Cambridge Bay Airport); elevation: 31.1 m (102 ft); 1991–2020 normals :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | −5.0 | −9.7 | −4.1 | 3.9 | 10.5 | 25.3 | 30.8 | 28.6 | 16.3 | 5.8 | −1.4 | −3.5 | 30.8 |
| Record high °C (°F) | −4.9 (23.2) | −9.4 (15.1) | −4.0 (24.8) | 6.1 (43.0) | 11.5 (52.7) | 23.3 (73.9) | 28.9 (84.0) | 26.1 (79.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 6.9 (44.4) | 0.0 (32.0) | −3.4 (25.9) | 28.9 (84.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −27.7 (−17.9) | −28.6 (−19.5) | −24.9 (−12.8) | −16.2 (2.8) | −5.2 (22.6) | 6.0 (42.8) | 13.3 (55.9) | 10.3 (50.5) | 2.6 (36.7) | −6.6 (20.1) | −17.5 (0.5) | −24.3 (−11.7) | −9.9 (14.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −31.2 (−24.2) | −32.1 (−25.8) | −28.8 (−19.8) | −20.7 (−5.3) | −8.9 (16.0) | 3.0 (37.4) | 9.4 (48.9) | 7.4 (45.3) | 0.5 (32.9) | −9.5 (14.9) | −21.1 (−6.0) | −27.8 (−18.0) | −13.3 (8.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −34.6 (−30.3) | −35.6 (−32.1) | −32.7 (−26.9) | −25.1 (−13.2) | −12.6 (9.3) | 0.0 (32.0) | 5.4 (41.7) | 4.3 (39.7) | −1.7 (28.9) | −12.3 (9.9) | −24.7 (−12.5) | −31.3 (−24.3) | −16.7 (1.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −52.8 (−63.0) | −50.6 (−59.1) | −48.3 (−54.9) | −42.8 (−45.0) | −35.0 (−31.0) | −17.8 (0.0) | −8.2 (17.2) | −8.9 (16.0) | −17.2 (1.0) | −33.0 (−27.4) | −43.9 (−47.0) | −49.4 (−56.9) | −52.8 (−63.0) |
| Record low wind chill | −73.4 | −72.6 | −69.8 | −60.1 | −43.2 | −29.2 | −7.9 | −13.1 | −28.6 | −49.4 | −60.7 | −66.3 | −73.4 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 5.6 (0.22) | 5.9 (0.23) | 9.2 (0.36) | 6.9 (0.27) | 6.7 (0.26) | 16.4 (0.65) | 28.0 (1.10) | 23.5 (0.93) | 18.4 (0.72) | 14.8 (0.58) | 8.9 (0.35) | 6.2 (0.24) | 150.4 (5.92) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.04) | 10.0 (0.39) | 23.9 (0.94) | 23.9 (0.94) | 12.7 (0.50) | 0.6 (0.02) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 72.1 (2.84) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 6.7 (2.6) | 5.9 (2.3) | 8.4 (3.3) | 6.9 (2.7) | 7.2 (2.8) | 3.8 (1.5) | 0.1 (0.0) | 1.8 (0.7) | 6.8 (2.7) | 15.9 (6.3) | 9.8 (3.9) | 6.8 (2.7) | 80.2 (31.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 8.4 | 7.5 | 11.7 | 7.9 | 6.9 | 9.4 | 11.1 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 13.8 | 10.8 | 8.6 | 120.5 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 5.9 | 10.7 | 12.5 | 7.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 37.8 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 7.4 | 6.9 | 9.8 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 6.3 | 12.5 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 79.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65.3 | 66.4 | 70.5 | 76.2 | 83.8 | 77.2 | 68.2 | 73.6 | 82.3 | 86.2 | 76.5 | 70.0 | 74.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 7.3 | 73.7 | 169.6 | 275.9 | 245.1 | 291.6 | 333.8 | 186.6 | 71.7 | 56.8 | 17.6 | 0.0 | 1,729.7 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 11.7 | 35.4 | 47.1 | 57.7 | 36.6 | 40.5 | 45.9 | 33.6 | 17.8 | 20.0 | 13.5 | 0.0 | 30.0 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (rain/rain days, snow/snow days, humidex, wind chill, humidity 1981–2010) ||||||||||||||

## Politics

The region is home to the only two communities in Nunavut that voted "no" in the 1982 division plebiscite: Cambridge Bay and Kugluktuk.
The region has four electoral districts;
* Cambridge Bay, which covers Bathurst Inlet, Cambridge Bay and Umingmaktok. The seat is held by Pamela Gross.
* Gjoa Haven, which covers the community of Gjoa Haven and is held by Tony Akoak.
* Kugluktuk, which covers Kugluktuk. The seat is currently held by Bobby Anavilok.
* Netsilik, which covers Taloyoak and Kugaaruk. The seat is held by Inagayuk Quqqiaq.
Former districts include Akulliq, which covered Kugaaruk and Naujaat in the Kivalliq Region. It was the only electoral district in Nunavut to cross two regions. Nattilik, which covered Gjoa Haven and Taloyoak. The previous incumbent was the former federal Minister of Health, Leona Aglukkaq.
In 2007 at their AGM, Bob Lyall, a board member of the Kitikmeot Inuit Association, suggested the formation of a political party called the Bloc Kitikmeot to run in the next general election and to advocate for a separate Kitikmeot Territory. Bobby Lyall, along with his brother Kitikmeot Corporation president, Charlie Lyall and delegates Martina and Connie Kapolak, argued that the Government of Nunavut had spent most of the infrastructure money available from the federal government in the Baffin Region (Qikiqtaaluk Region). However, the party was not formed and consequently no members ran for a seat in the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut which continues to run as a consensus government.

## Communities
### Hamlets

* Cambridge Bay population: 1,766;
* Gjoa Haven population: 1,324
* Kugaaruk population: 933
* Kugluktuk population: 1,491
* Taloyoak population: 1029

### Other

* Bathurst Inlet population: 0
* Umingmaktok population: 5
* Kitikmeot, Unorganized population: 0

## Protected areas

* Ovayok Territorial Park
* Northwest Passage Territorial Park
* Kugluk/Bloody Falls Territorial Park
* Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary
* Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Kitikmeot Region had a population of 6,458 living in 1,677 of its 1,954 total private dwellings, a change of -1.3% from its 2016 population of 6,543. With a land area of 432,108 km$^2$ (166,838 sq mi), it had a population density of 0.0/km$^2$ (0.0/sq mi) in 2021.
The Kitikmeot Region also doubles as one of three census divisions in Nunavut, the others being the Kivalliq (also known as the Keewatin) and the Qikiqtaaluk (also known as the Baffin) regions. Of the three the Kitikmeot is the smallest in size being 1,343.8 km$^2$ (518.8 sq mi) smaller than the Kivalliq. It has the smallest population and is the least densely populated of the three. The population is predominantly Inuit (90.0%) with 0.7% other aboriginal peoples, 0.3% North American Indian and 0.4% Métis, and 9.3% non-Aboriginals.