# ACN-PCN method

The Aircraft Classification Number (ACN) – Pavement Classification Number (PCN) method is a standardized international airport pavement rating system promulgated by the ICAO in 1981. The method has been the official ICAO pavement rating system for pavements intended for aircraft of apron (ramp) mass greater than 5700 kg from 1981 to 2020. The method is scheduled to be replaced by the ACR-PCR method by November 28, 2024.
For the safe and efficient use of pavements, the method has been designed to:
* enable aircraft operators to determine the permissible operating weights for their aircraft;
* assist aircraft manufacturers to ensure compatibility between airfield pavements and the aircraft under development;
* permit airport authorities to report on the aircraft they can accept and allow them to use any evaluation procedure of their choice to ascertain the loading the pavements can accept.
The method relies on the plain comparison of two numbers:
* The ACN, a number that expresses the relative effect on an airplane of a given weight on a pavement structure for a specified standard subgrade strength;
* The PCN, a number (and series of letters) representing the pavement bearing strength (on the same scale as ACN) of a given pavement section (runway, taxiway, apron) for unrestricted operations.

## Aircraft Classification Number (ACN)

The ACN calculation process is fully described in ICAO Doc 9157 Aerodrome Design Manual – Part 3 "Pavements" (2nd ed.).
The procedure to calculate the ACN is as such:
* Design a theoretical pavement according to a defined criterion:
** For flexible pavements, design the pavement for 10,000 load applications of the aircraft according to the CBR design procedure combined with Boussinesq's solution for deflection in the elastic half-space
** For rigid pavements, design the pavement to reach a standard flexural stress of 2.75 MPa at the bottom of the cement concrete layer according to Westergaard theory
* Calculate the single wheel load, inflated at 1.25 MPa, that would require the same pavement – this is the Derived Single Wheel Load (DSWL)
* The ACN is defined as twice the DSWL, expressed in thousands of kilograms
The ACN are calculated for four standard subgrade strengths, for flexible and rigid pavements, thus leading to 8 different values.
ACNs depend on the landing gear geometry (number of wheels and wheel spacing), the landing gear load (that is dependent upon the aircraft weight and center of gravity) and the tire pressure.
Normally, the aftmost center of gravity for the Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW) lead to the critical ACN.
Aircraft manufacturers publish the ACNs of their aircraft in their respective Aircraft Characteristics manuals.
The ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual contains the source code of computer programs for the calculation of ACNs. The FAA also developed COMFAA, a software enabling the calculation of ACNs for different aircraft depending on the input parameters.

## Pavement Classification Number (PCN)

Contrary to the ACN, the ICAO does not prescribe a standardized calculation procedure for the PCN. Different PCN calculation procedures may therefore be found around the world.
However, the ICAO defines a standardized reporting format for the PCN that comprises the PCN numerical value and a series of 4 letters.
PCN may also be known as Load Classification Number or LCN.
Pavement Classification Number - Code letters definitions :
| Pavement type |||
| | Rigid pavement | R |
| | Flexible pavement | F |
| Subgrade strength category |||
| | High strength: characterized by K = 150 MN/m^3 and representing all K values above 120 MN/m^3 for rigid pavements, and by CBR = 15 and representing all CBR values above 13 for flexible pavements. | A |
| | Medium strength: characterized by K = 80 MN/m^3 and representing a range in K of 60 to 120 MN/m^3 for rigid pavements, and by CBR = 10 and representing a range in CBR of 8 to 13 for flexible pavements | B |
| | Low strength: characterized by K = 40 MN/m^3 and representing a range in K of 25 to 60 MN/m^3 for rigid pavements, and by CBR = 6 and representing a range in CBR of 4 to 8 for flexible pavements | C |
| | Ultralow strength: characterized by K = 20 MN/m^3 and representing all K values below 25 MN/m^3 for rigid pavements, and by CBR = 3 and representing all CBR values below 4 for flexible pavements | D |
| Maximum allowable tire pressure |||
| | Unlimited: no pressure limit | W |
| | High: limited to 1.75 MPa | X |
| | Medium: limited to 1.25 MPa | Y |
| | Low: limited to 0.50 MPa | Z |
| Evaluation method | Evaluation method | |
| | Technical evaluation | T |
| | Using aircraft experience | U |
PCNs depend on both the pavement structure and the aircraft traffic operated on the pavement.
The PCNs are determined by airports for their runways, taxiways and aprons and published in the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP).

## Application by aerodrome authorities and aircraft operators

An aircraft having an ACN (at a given weight) equal to or less than the PCN can operate without restriction on the pavement, provided that its tire pressure does not exceed the PCN limitation.
If the ACN exceeds the PCN, some restrictions (for example on weight of frequency of operation) may apply depending on the national or local regulations for overload operations.
With the exception of massive overloading, pavements in their structural behaviour are not subject to particular limiting load above which they suddenly or catastrophically fail.
As a result, minor or medium overload operations may be allowed by the airport authority depending on the corresponding loss in pavement life expectancy.

## Evolutions and limitations

The ACN-PCN method underwent 2 major changes since its introduction in 1981:
* In 2007, the ICAO adopted a new set of alpha-factors for the calculation of ACNs on flexible pavements based on findings from full-scale pavement tests. This led to a reduction of the flexible ACNs for all landing gears with four wheels or more.
* In 2013, the ICAO adopted new limits for the tire pressure categories, again based on findings from full-scale pavement tests.
Despite these changes, the ACN-PCN method gradually became inconsistent with recent pavement design methods, mostly based on Linear Elastic Analysis (LEA) or Finite Element Method (FEM). The method is also failing to consider accurately the effect of modern landing gear configurations (with multi-wheels arrangements) and the improved characteristics of new-generation pavement materials.
As a result, the ICAO triggered the development of a new pavement rating method aimed at overcoming these deficiencies. This new system, the ACR-PCR method, became effective in July 2020.

## Aircraft ACN list

Aircraft Classification Numbers (ACNs) :
| Aircraft | Weight Maximum (kN) | Tire Pressure (MPa) | Flexible pavement sub-grades CBR% | Flexible pavement sub-grades CBR% | Flexible pavement sub-grades CBR% | Flexible pavement sub-grades CBR% | Rigid pavement sub-grades k (MPa/m$^3$) | Rigid pavement sub-grades k (MPa/m$^3$) | Rigid pavement sub-grades k (MPa/m$^3$) | Rigid pavement sub-grades k (MPa/m$^3$) |
| Aircraft | Weight Maximum (kN) | Tire Pressure (MPa) | High | Medium | Low | Very low | High | Medium | Low | Ultra low |
| Aircraft | Weight Maximum (kN) | Tire Pressure (MPa) | A | B | C | D | A | B | C | D |
| Airbus A330-200 (Configuration 1) | 2,137 | 1.34 | 57 | 62 | 72 | 98 | 48 | 56 | 66 | 78 |
| Airbus A330-200 (Configuration 2) | 2,264 | 1.42 | 62 | 67 | 78 | 106 | 53 | 61 | 73 | 85 |
| Airbus A330-300 (Configuration 1) | 2,088 | 1.31 | 55 | 60 | 70 | 94 | 46 | 54 | 64 | 75 |
| Airbus A330-300 (Configuration 2) | 2,137 | 1.33 | 57 | 61 | 71 | 96 | 47 | 55 | 65 | 77 |
| Airbus A330-300 (Configuration 3) | 2,264 | 1.42 | 62 | 68 | 79 | 107 | 54 | 62 | 74 | 86 |
| Airbus A380-800 (6 Wheel Main Gear) | 5,514 | 1.47 | 56 | 62 | 75 | 106 | 55 | 67 | 88 | 110 |
| Airbus A380-800 (4 Wheel Wing Gear) | 5,514 | 1.47 | 62 | 68 | 80 | 108 | 55 | 64 | 76 | 88 |
| Boeing 737-800 | 777 | 1.47 | 44 | 46 | 51 | 56 | 51 | 53 | 55 | 57 |
| Boeing 737-900 | 777 | 1.47 | 44 | 46 | 51 | 56 | 51 | 53 | 55 | 57 |
| Boeing 737-BBJ | 763 | 1.47 | 43 | 45 | 50 | 55 | 50 | 52 | 54 | 56 |
| Boeing 747-400, 400F, 400M | 3,905 | 1.38 | 53 | 59 | 73 | 94 | 53 | 62 | 74 | 85 |
| Boeing 747-400D (Domestic) | 2,729 | 1.04 | 36 | 39 | 47 | 65 | 30 | 36 | 43 | 51 |
| Boeing 747-400ER | 4,061 | 1.58 | 57 | 63 | 78 | 100 | 59 | 69 | 81 | 92 |
| Boeing 747SP | 3,127 | 1.26 | 45 | 50 | 61 | 81 | 40 | 48 | 58 | 67 |
| Boeing 777-300 | 2,945 | 1.48 | 53 | 59 | 72 | 100 | 54 | 68 | 88 | 108 |
| Boeing 777-300ER | 3,345 | 1.52 | 64 | 71 | 89 | 120 | 66 | 85 | 109 | 131 |
| Boeing 787-9 | 2,240 | 1.57 | 60 | 66 | 81 | 106 | 61 | 71 | 84 | 96 |
| BAC-111 Series 400 | 390 | 0.97 | 23 | 24 | 27 | 29 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
| BAC-111 Series 475 | 440 | 0.57 | 23 | 28 | 29 | 32 | 26 | 28 | 29 | 31 |
| BAC-111 Series 500 | 467 | 1.1 | 29 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 |
| BAe-146-100 | 376 | 0.84 | 18 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 |
| BAe-146-200 | 416 | 0.97 | 22 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 29 |
| BAe-146-300 | 436 | 1.1 | 24 | 25 | 28 | 31 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 31 |
| BAe ATP | 232 | 0.85 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Beech 1900C, 1900D | 76 | 0.67 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Beech Starship 2000 | 65 | 0.54 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Beech Jet 400, 400A | 73 | 0.86 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Beech King Air 100, 200 Series | 56 | 0.73 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Beech King Air 300, 300C, 350, 350C | 67 | 0.73 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Bombardier 415 (Canadair CL-215, 415) | 196 | 0.53 | 12 | 14 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Bombardier BD-700, Global Express, XRS | 437 | 1.15 | 26 | 28 | 31 | 32 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 |
| Bombardier Challenger 300 | 168 | 1.21 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 |
| Bombardier Challenger 800 | 237 | 1.12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Bombardier Challenger CL 600, 601, 604 | 215 | 1.21 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 |
| Bombardier CRJ100, CRJ200, CRJ440 | 237 | 1.12 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Bombardier CRJ700 Series | 335 | 1.06 | 18 | 18 | 21 | 24 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
| Bombardier CRJ900 Series | 377 | 1.06 | 21 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 23 | 24 | 26 | 27 |
| Bombardier Dash 8 Q100, Q200 Series | 162 | 0.9 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 |
| Bombardier Dash 8 Q300 Series | 192 | 0.67 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 | 287 | 0.67 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| Bombardier Global | 391 | 1.15 | 23 | 24 | 27 | 29 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
| C-123K Provider (Fairchild/Republic) | 267 | 0.69 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 |
| C-141B Starlifter (Lockheed) | 1,553 | 1.31 | 52 | 60 | 73 | 88 | 51 | 61 | 70 | 78 |
| C-17A (Globemaster III) | 2,736 | 0.95 | 46 | 51 | 61 | 80 | 55 | 51 | 61 | 76 |
| C-5 Galaxy (Lockheed) | 3,723 | 0.77 | 31 | 33 | 40 | 51 | 28 | 31 | 37 | 45 |
| Cessna 501 (Citation I – Eagle) | 56 | 0.69 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Cessna 550 (Citation II) | 64 | 0.69 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Cessna 550 (Citation Bravo) | 67 | 0.69 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Cessna 560 (Citation V, Ultra, Encore) | 75 | 0.69 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Cessna 560 XL (Citation Excel) | 90 | 1.48 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Cessna 650 (Citation III, VI) | 99 | 1.02 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Cessna 650 (Citation VII) | 104 | 1.16 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Cessna 750 (Citation X) | 160 | 1.16 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 |
| Convair 240 | 190 | 0.64 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Convair 340, 440, 540 | 222 | 0.47 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| Convair 580 | 259 | 0.59 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 17 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
| Convair 5800 | 280 | 0.59 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 19 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 17 |
| Convair 600 | 210 | 0.73 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
| Convair 640 | 245 | 0.52 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Convair 880 | 860 | 1.03 | 27 | 31 | 36 | 44 | 26 | 31 | 36 | 40 |
| Convair 990 | 1,135 | 1.28 | 40 | 46 | 53 | 64 | 40 | 47 | 54 | 60 |
| Dassault Falcon | 164 | 1.36 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| Dassault Falcon 2000EX | 189 | 1.51 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Dassault Falcon 10 | 84 | 0.93 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Dassault Falcon 20 | 128 | 0.92 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Dassault Falcon 50 | 173 | 0.93 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| Dassault Falcon 900 | 202 | 1.3 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Douglas DC-3 | 147 | 0.31 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Douglas DC-4 | 335 | 0.53 | 12 | 15 | 17 | 21 | 14 | 16 | 17 | 19 |
| Douglas DC-6, 6B | 480 | 0.73 | 20 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 27 |
| Douglas DC-7 (All Models) | 640 | 0.89 | 34 | 36 | 42 | 46 | 37 | 40 | 42 | 44 |
| Douglas DC-8-10, 20 Series | 1,226 | 1.01 | 36 | 41 | 49 | 62 | 32 | 39 | 46 | 53 |
| Douglas DC-8-43, 55, 61, 71 | 1,470 | 1.3 | 47 | 54 | 64 | 79 | 45 | 54 | 63 | 71 |
| Douglas DC-8-61F, 63F | 1,557 | 1.32 | 51 | 59 | 69 | 85 | 50 | 59 | 68 | 76 |
| Douglas DC-8-62, 62F, 63, 72, 73 | 1,593 | 1.35 | 52 | 59 | 70 | 87 | 50 | 59 | 69 | 77 |
| DHC-4 Caribou | 130 | 0.28 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| DHC-5 Buffalo | 187 | 0.41 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| DHC-6 Twin Otter Series 300 | 56 | 0.26 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| DHC-7 Dash 7 | 209 | 0.74 | 10 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 14 |
| DHS-2 Conair Firecat | 116 | 0.62 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 |
| Dornier 228 Series | 63 | 0.9 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Dornier 328 Jet | 155 | 1.13 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Dornier 328-110 (Turboprop) | 138 | 0.8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Dornier SA227 (Metro, Merlin, Expediter) | 74 | 0.73 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Douglas A-26 Invader | 120 | 0.48 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Douglas B-26 Invader | 156 | 0.48 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Embraer 170, 175 | 368 | 1.04 | 20 | 21 | 24 | 26 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| Embraer E-190 | 481 | 1.1 | 28 | 30 | 33 | 35 | 31 | 33 | 35 | 36 |
| Embraer E-195 | 52.29 | 1.04 | 25.3 | 26.3 | 29.2 | 34.1 | 27.4 | 29.4 | 31.4 | 33 |
| Embraer EMB-110 (Bandeirante) | 59 | 0.62 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Embraer EMB-120 (Brasilia) Series | 119 | 0.76 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
| Embraer ERJ-145 Series | 237 | 0.9 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
| Fokker 100 | 452 | 0.94 | 25 | 27 | 31 | 33 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 33 |
| Fokker 50 | 205 | 0.59 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 13 |
| Fokker 60 | 226 | 0.62 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 15 |
| Fokker 70 | 410 | 0.81 | 21 | 24 | 27 | 30 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 29 |
| Fokker F27 Friendship | 205 | 0.57 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 13 |
| Fokker F28 Fellowship | 325 | 0.53 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 16 | 18 | 20 | 21 |
| Gulfstream G100 (IAI-1125-Astra SPX) | 111 | 0.86 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
| Gulfstream G159 | 156 | 0.83 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Gulfstream G200 (IAI-1126-Galaxy) | 159 | 0.86 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Gulfstream II | 294 | 1.04 | 17 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 |
| Gulfstream III | 312 | 1.21 | 19 | 20 | 22 | 23 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 |
| Gulfstream IV | 334 | 1.21 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 |
| Gulfstream V | 405 | 1.37 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 33 |
| Hawker 1000 (BAe 1000A) | 138 | 0.83 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 |
| Hawker 400XP (Beech Jet 400A) | 73 | 0.86 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Hawker 800, 800XP (HS-125-800, 800XP) | 125 | 0.83 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Hercules C-130, 082, 182, 282, 382 | 778 | 0.67 | 29 | 34 | 37 | 43 | 33 | 36 | 39 | 42 |
| Hercules L-100 (Commercial) | 693 | 0.74 | 27 | 30 | 33 | 38 | 30 | 33 | 35 | 38 |
| HS/BAe 125 (All Series to 600) | 112 | 0.83 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 |
| HS/BAe 700 | 114 | 0.88 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| HS/BAe 748 | 227 | 0.51 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 16 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Ilyushin Il-18 | 625 | 0.8 | 16 | 17 | 21 | 29 | 13 | 16 | 20 | 23 |
| Ilyushin Il-62, 62M | 1,648 | 1.65 | 52 | 58 | 68 | 83 | 51 | 59 | 68 | 77 |
| Ilyushin Il-76T | 1,677 | 0.64 | 24 | 27 | 34 | 45 | 29 | 33 | 30 | 34 |
| Ilyushin Il-76TD | 1,775 | 0.66 | 27 | 30 | 37 | 49 | 32 | 35 | 32 | 37 |
| Ilyushin Il-86 | 2,054 | 0.88 | 34 | 36 | 43 | 61 | 26 | 31 | 38 | 46 |
| Jetstream 31, 32 (BAe) | 69 | 0.39 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Jetstream 41 (BAe) | 107 | 0.83 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| KC-10 (McDonnell Douglas) | 2,593 | 1.22 | 59 | 65 | 79 | 107 | 50 | 59 | 72 | 84 |
| KC-135 Stratotanker (Boeing) | 1,342 | 1.38 | 38 | 41 | 49 | 64 | 35 | 40 | 48 | 55 |
| Lockheed L-1011-1 Tristar | 1,913 | 1.35 | 52 | 56 | 66 | 90 | 45 | 52 | 62 | 72 |
| Lockheed L-1011-100, 200 Tristar | 2,073 | 1.35 | 57 | 63 | 75 | 101 | 49 | 58 | 69 | 81 |
| Lockheed L-1011-250 Tristar | 2,269 | 1.35 | 64 | 71 | 86 | 114 | 55 | 66 | 79 | 91 |
| Lockheed L-1011-500 Tristar | 2,295 | 1.35 | 65 | 72 | 87 | 116 | 56 | 67 | 80 | 93 |
| Learjet 24F (Bombardier) | 62 | 0.79 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Learjet 25D, 25F (Bombardier) | 69 | 0.79 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Learjet 25G (Bombardier) | 75 | 0.79 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Learjet 28, 29 (Long-horn) (Bombardier) | 69 | 0.79 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Learjet 31A, 35A, 36A (Bombardier) | 83 | 0.79 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Learjet 40, 45, 45XR (Bombardier) | 98 | 0.79 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Learjet 55B, 55C (Bombardier) | 97 | 1.24 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Learjet 60 (Bombardier) | 106 | 1.48 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Lockheed 188 Electra | 503 | 0.95 | 27 | 29 | 33 | 36 | 30 | 32 | 34 | 36 |
| McDonnell Douglas CF-18 Hornet | 249 | 1.38 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-9-10, 15 | 404 | 0.93 | 22 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 24 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-9-21 | 445 | 1.02 | 25 | 26 | 30 | 32 | 28 | 29 | 31 | 32 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30, 32 | 485 | 1.05 | 27 | 29 | 33 | 35 | 30 | 32 | 34 | 35 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-9-41, 50, 51 | 543 | 1.17 | 31 | 33 | 37 | 40 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 40 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10, 10CF, 15 | 2,037 | 1.34 | 57 | 62 | 74 | 101 | 49 | 58 | 69 | 80 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-20, 20CF, 30CF, 40CF | 2,485 | 1.14 | 60 | 67 | 81 | 110 | 49 | 59 | 72 | 85 |
| McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, 30ER, 40 | 2,593 | 1.22 | 59 | 65 | 79 | 107 | 50 | 59 | 72 | 84 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-11 | 2,805 | 1.38 | 67 | 74 | 90 | 119 | 58 | 69 | 83 | 96 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-81 | 628 | 1.14 | 36 | 38 | 43 | 46 | 41 | 43 | 45 | 46 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-82 | 670 | 1.14 | 39 | 41 | 46 | 49 | 43 | 46 | 48 | 50 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-83 | 716 | 1.14 | 42 | 45 | 50 | 53 | 47 | 50 | 52 | 54 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-87 | 628 | 1.14 | 36 | 38 | 43 | 46 | 41 | 43 | 45 | 46 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-88 | 670 | 1.14 | 39 | 41 | 46 | 50 | 44 | 46 | 48 | 50 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30 | 699 | 1.14 | 41 | 43 | 48 | 52 | 46 | 48 | 50 | 52 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-90-30ER | 739 | 1.14 | 44 | 47 | 52 | 55 | 49 | 51 | 54 | 56 |
| McDonnell Douglas MD-90-50, 55 | 772 | 1.14 | 46 | 50 | 54 | 57 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 58 |
| P-3A/B/C Orion | 623 | 1.31 | 38 | 41 | 44 | 47 | 44 | 46 | 48 | 49 |
| Saab 2000 | 226 | 0.69 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 16 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Saab 340 A, B | 131 | 0.82 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 |
| Sepecat Jaguar (Configuration 1) | 154 | 0.58 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 |
| Sepecat Jaguar (Configuration 2) | 108 | 0.58 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Shorts 330 | 102 | 0.55 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Shorts 360 | 121 | 0.54 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Shorts Sherpa | 114 | 0.54 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 |
| Shorts Skyvan | 67 | 0.28 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Sukhoi Superjet 100 | 46 | 1.11 | 24.8 | 24.8 | 28 | 31.5 | 27 | 28.6 | 30.1 | 31.3 |
| Swearingen SJ30-2 | 60 | 1.07 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Transall C-160 | 500 | 0.38 | 8 | 10 | 13 | 18 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 13 |
| Tupolev Tu-134 | 463 | 0.59 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 20 | 9 | 11 | 14 | 16 |
| Tupolev Tu-154 | 961 | 0.93 | 19 | 22 | 28 | 37 | 18 | 24 | 30 | 36 |
| Tupolev Tu-204, 214, 224, 234 | 1,096 | 1.38 | 31 | 33 | 40 | 53 | 29 | 34 | 40 | 46 |
| Vickers VC10 Series | 1,590 | 1.01 | 48 | 54 | 66 | 83 | 41 | 50 | 60 | 69 |