OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Karnataka burrowing snake

The Karnataka burrowing snake (Pseudoplectrurus canaricus) is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to India.

## Geographic range

It is found in southern India.
Type locality: "South Canara, [...] on the top of the Kudra Mukh, a mountain 6000 feet high" (elevation).

## Description

Dorsum brownish violet, each scale usually paler in the center. Lips yellow, some yellow blotches on the anterior sides of the body, and in some specimens small yellow spots on the back. Ventral surface of tail yellow, with in some specimens a black median streak.
Adults may attain a total length of 43 cm (17 inches).
Dorsal scales arranged in 15 rows at midbody, in 19 rows behind the head. Ventrals 172–188; subcaudals 6–13.
Snout obtuse. Portion of the rostral visible from above shorter than its distance from the frontal. Nasals in contact with each other, forming a suture behind the rostral. No supraoculars. Frontal longer than broad. Diameter of eye less than ½ the length of the ocular shield. Diameter of body 32 to 43 times in the total length. Ventrals less than 2 times as large as the contiguous scales. Tail laterally compressed. Dorsal scales on the tail smooth or weakly pluricarinate. Terminal scute laterally compressed, with two superposed points, which are simple or bifid.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Srinivasulu, B.; Srinivasulu, C.; Ganesan, S.R.; Vijayakumar, S.P. (2018) [amended version of 2013 assessment]. "Pseudoplectrurus canaricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T172642A127965142. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T172642A127965142.en. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
* ↑ Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume I., Containing the Families...Uropeltidæ... Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). London, p. 160.
* ↑ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
* ↑ Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume I., Containing the Families...Uropeltidæ... Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). London. p. 160, Plate X., Figures 1. & 1a.
# Harold Parks

Harold Parks may refer to:
* George Edwards (actor), born Harold Parks
* Harold R. Parks, mathematician
# Hardy Falconer Parsons

Hardy Falconer Parsons VC (13 June 1897 – 21 August 1917) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
He was born in Rishton, Lancashire, the son of the Reverend James Ash Parsons and Henrietta Parsons, of Leysian Mission, City Road, London. He was educated at King Edward VII School, Lytham St Annes, Kingswood School, Bath, and as a medical student at the University of Bristol, preparing for medical missionary work.
A commemorative stone was unveiled in his hometown of Rishton on 21 August 2017 at the town's war memorial to mark 100 years since he died. As he was a Bristol University medical student, a blue plaque on his former residence was also unveiled in 2017.

## Details

He was 20 years old, and a temporary second lieutenant in the 14th (Service) Battalion, The Gloucestershire Regiment, British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
On 20/21 August 1917 near Epehy, France, during a night attack by the enemy on his bombing post, the bombers holding the post were forced back, but Second Lieutenant Parsons remained at his post. Single-handed and although severely burnt by liquid fire, he continued to hold up the enemy with bombs until severely wounded. Second Lieutenant Parsons died of his wounds.
He was buried at Villers-Faucon Communal Cemetery, France.

## Citation

An extract from The London Gazette, dated 17 October 1917, records the following:
   For most conspicuous bravery during a night attack by a strong party of the enemy on a bombing post held by his command. The bombers holding the block were forced back, but Second Lieutenant Parsons remained at his post, and, single-handed, and although severely scorched and burnt by liquid fire, he continued to hold up the enemy with bombs until severely wounded. This very gallant act of self-sacrifice and devotion to duty undoubtedly delayed the enemy long enough to allow of the organisation of a bombing party, which succeeded in driving back the enemy before they could enter any portion of the trenches. The gallant officer succumbed to his wounds.
The Story of Hardy Falconer Parsons was produced by Maverick Productions in 2021, an audio documentary detailing the life of Hardy Falconer Parsons and his family. It was put together as part of a series documenting historical events in the borough of Hyndburn and is available online.

## The medal

His Victoria Cross is displayed in the Officers' Mess of Bristol University Officer Training Corps at the Artillery Grounds, Whiteladies Road, Bristol. The mess is named the Falconer Parsons VC Mess in his honour. His Victoria cross was being displayed in the imperial war museum at Gloucester Queys after it was donated.
# Hardy Farm tram stop

Hardy Farm tram stop was a proposed future tram stop on the phase 3b plans to Manchester Airport, which would have been on the north side of Sale Water Park. It was due to open in 2016 but was dropped from the plans.
# Karl Markus Michel

Karl Markus Michel (4 September 1929 in Hong Kong – 16 November 2000 in Berlin) was a German writer.

## Life

Karl Markus Michel was the son of German missionaries. He spent his childhood and youth in Darmstadt. After the Abitur, he studied philosophy, sociology, art history, and German studies in Munich and Frankfurt am Main. A planned dissertation about Franz Kafka remained unwritten. From 1955 to 1958, Michel was an employee of the Frankfurt-based Institute for Social Research. Simultaneously, he began to write contributions for newspapers like the Frankfurter Hefte (Frankfurt Ledger).
After his marriage to Eva Moldenhauer, Michel went to the Hessischer Rundfunk in 1958 where he worked as a Radio drama editor until 1961. In 1961, he changed to a Literary editor at the Suhrkamp Verlag. There he started to look after the literary program together with Walter Boehlich. From the middle of the 1960s, he contributed moderately to the building of scientific programs. Next to Hans Magnus Enzensberger, he was one of the founders of the leftist theory periodical Kursbuch as whose co-editor he cemented from 1971. He left from Suhrkamp Verlag and founded with Axel Rütters the Autoren- und Verlagsgesellschaft Syndikat which lasted until 1986. From 1980, he belonged to the Munich-based editors of the von Enzensberger founded Magazine TransAtlantik. From 1983, Michel lived in Berlin where he died cancer in 2000.
Karl Markus Michel had made a name first and foremost as a publisher. For his work, he received the 1998 Heinrich Mann Prize.

## Works

* Die sprachlose Intelligenz (The Mute Intelligence), Frankfurt a.M 1968
* Von Eulen, Engeln und Sirenen (Of Owls, Angels and Sirens), Frankfurt am Main 1988
* Gesichter (Face), Frankfurt am Main 1990
* Winifred und Wolf (Winifred and Wolf), Frankfurt am Main 1998 (together with Hans-Georg Behr)

## Publisher

* Robert Musil: Aus den Tagebüchern (From the Diaries), Berlin [et al.] 1963
* Politische Katechismen (Political Catechism), Frankfurt a.M. 1966
# Scotland national youth football team

Scotland national youth football team can refer to the following age group teams:
* Scotland national under-21 football team
* Scotland national under-20 football team
* Scotland national under-19 football team
* Scotland national under-18 football team
* Scotland national under-17 football team
* Scotland national under-16 football team
# Scott baronets

There have been twelve baronetcies created for people with the surname Scott, one in the Baronetage of England, two in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, and nine in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.
* Scott baronets of Kew Green (1653)
* Scott baronets, of Thirlestane (1666): see the Lord Napier
* Scott baronets of Ancrum (1671)
* Scott baronets of Great Barr 1806
* Sibbald, later Scott baronets, of Dunninald (1806): see Sibbald baronets of Dunninald (1806)
* Scott baronets of Abbotsford (1820)
* Scott baronets of Lytchet Minster (1821)
* Scott baronets of Connaught Place (1899): see Sir John Scott, 1st Baronet of Connaught Place (1847–1912)
* Scott baronets of Beauclerc (1907)
* Scott baronets of the Yews (1909)
* Scott baronets of Witley (1913)
* Scott baronets of Rotherfield Park (1962)
# Scott baronets of Ancrum (1671)

The Scott baronetcy, of Ancrum in the County of Roxburgh, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 27 October 1671 for John Scott. The title became extinct on the death of the seventh Baronet in 1902.

## Scott baronets, of Ancrum (1671)

* Sir John Scott, 1st Baronet of Ancrum (died 1712)
* Sir Patrick Scott, 2nd Baronet (died 1734)
* Sir John Scott, 3rd Baronet (died 1746)
* Sir William Scott, 4th Baronet (died 1769)
* Sir John Scott, 5th Baronet (died 1812)
* Sir William Scott, 6th Baronet (1803–1871)
* Sir William Monteath Scott, 7th Baronet (1829–1902)
# Scott Martin

Scott Martin may refer to:

## Sports

* Scott Martin (co-driver) (born 1981), British rallying co-driver
* Scott Martin (footballer) (born 1997), Scottish footballer (Hibernian FC)
* Scott Martin (thrower) (born 1982), Australian athlete in shot put and discus

## Politics

* Scott Martin (Oklahoma politician) (born 1971), Republican member of the Oklahoma House of Representatives
* Scott Martin (Pennsylvania politician), Republican member of the Pennsylvania Senate
# Scillaelepas

Scillaelepas is a genus of barnacle. Most of the species in the genus are androdioecious and the genus dates back to the Upper Jurassic period.
# Scillavone B

Scillavone B is a homoisoflavone that can be isolated from the bulbs of Scilla scilloides (Barnardia japonica).
# Scillitoxin

Scillitoxin (scillaine) is a chemical substance found in daffodils. It is a cardiac glucoside (a type of glycoside). with effects similar to digitoxin. The first, 1889, edition of the Merck Index lists: "Scilli-toxin (Scillain)" under the heading of "Squill (Scilla) preparations". It was stated in 1929 that "Scillitoxin has not been chemically identified as a definite chemical entity".
# Scouting and Guiding in Nicaragua

The Scout and Guide movement in Nicaragua is served by
* Federación Nacional de Muchachas Guías de Nicaragua, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
* Asociación de Scouts de Nicaragua, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement
# Harold Clavite

Harold Clavite (born January 18, 1977) was the Director-General of the Philippine Information Agency. He was appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte in July 2016 and remained in office until August 2019.

## Early life

Clavite is a native of Mindanao, born and raised in Baroy, Lanao del Norte, Philippines.
He holds a bachelor's degree in psychology acquired from the Mindanao State University and a master's degree in communication from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. He completed a certificate on Public Policy Delivery from the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy in the National University of Singapore in 2016.

## Career in New York City

Prior to working in the Duterte Administration, Clavite worked in the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in New York City as digital communications associate. At UNDP, he also worked as Executive Associate in the UN Development Group providing immediate support to the Directorate and supporting communication and information management. In 2013, Clavite worked as a staffer in the Information Management Unit of the Department of Public Information (DPI) in the UN Secretariat, the office handling information dissemination to all UN Information Centres (UNIC) worldwide including UNDP country offices and UN peacekeeping field offices. Clavite began his United Nations career in Manila while working as Senior Public Information and Private Partnerships Assistant in the World Food Programme Philippines country office. In 2013, Clavite was Managing Director and Communication Specialist at HRS Innovates Consulting in New York City. Prior to his UN work in New York, Clavite worked as Senior U.S. Immigration paralegal in Burke, Stone & Arteficio.

## Controversies

Clavite became known in Philippine politics after being involved in some controversies affecting his relationships with other officials appointed by Duterte. In 2018, he called on former Assistant Secretary Mocha Uson of the Presidential Communications Operations Office (PCOO) to go on leave and apologize for her actions in a viral video known as "pepe-dede-ralismo," which was aimed to promote Federalism in the Philippines. However, the video was generally not accepted by the public due to its lewdness. Clavite stated in his statement posted on social media that the video was done in poor taste and Uson's actions was an insult to communication professionals.
In 2019, Clavite was involved in another controversy after being investigated for corruption allegations by PCOO. He claimed that PCOO was probing allegations based on anonymous letters accusing PCOO of being biased. Clavite claimed how quickly and easily the PCOO made corruption allegations against him when they did not act on a complaint he sent to PCOO over alleged irregularities in PIA. He claimed that the corruption allegation was a demolition job against him.
# The Red Queen's Race

"The Red Queen's Race" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov; it uses the Red Queen's race from Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass as a metaphor for the final plot twist. The story also makes reference to Asimov's psychohistory. "The Red Queen's Race" was first published in the January 1949 issue of Astounding Science Fiction and reprinted in the 1972 collection The Early Asimov.
"The Red Queen's Race" was written in July 1948, a month after Asimov received a PhD from Columbia University and became a postdoc studying anti-malarial drugs.

## Plot summary

The story is told by an unnamed narrator, an agent of an unnamed U.S. intelligence bureau. The agent is tasked with an investigation into an atomic power plant which has been completely drained of power. A Professor of Nuclear Physics, Elmer Tywood, is found dead.
As the investigation progresses, bringing in Tywood's research students and his university colleagues, it is revealed that Tywood had developed a means to send objects back in time via "micro-temporal translation." His plan was to "improve" the world by giving Hellenic Greece advanced knowledge in the form of chemistry.
The investigating agents and their superior, The Boss, gradually realize that the changes introduced into history might, through the butterfly effect, cause the deletion from existence of every human being alive.
The trail eventually leads to the doorstep of Mycroft James Boulder, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, who had been hired by Tywood to translate a textbook of chemistry into Attic Greek. He states that he had figured out Tywood's plan and translated only enough to coincide with historical accounts.
With no clear solution, the investigation is shelved and filed under the heading of "?".
# Bogiše

Bogiše (Serbian Cyrillic: Богише) is a village in the municipality of Brus, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 331 people.
# The Old Double Diamond

"The Old Double Diamond" is a Western song written by Gary McMahan. It has been recorded by Chris LeDoux, Ian Tyson, and dozens of other artists.

## Background

The song is about the (real) public auction of a ranch near Dubois, Wyoming. The Double Diamond was one of the last parcels of the huge Mill Iron Ranch, which included holdings from Montana to New Mexico. It was known in former times as a place on a wilderness journey where a cowboy could get his horse shod and get a good hot meal. The ranch was originally homesteaded in 1898, and operated as a cattle ranch by many owners over the years. The auction was held in 1975.
The former Double Diamond is located ten miles east of Dubois, in the valley of the East Fork of the Wind River. Jackson, Wyoming is about 85 miles to the west. The ranch is regionally well-known, and illustrated descriptions of it are available online.
The song was written when McMahan was on a fishing trip with his father. They heard about the auction and decided to attend it. McMahon said "There were several cowboys there who worked for the Double Diamond. They were runnin’ the stock through the sale pen – horses and cattle – and generally helping with the sale. When they got done, they were paid off and all of them lost their jobs. They loaded their duffle and saddles into the back of an old pickup truck and set off to find them another ranchin’ job. It broke my heart to see the old West getting sectioned off, sold to the highest bidder, and dying out. Judging from the success of the song, I guess it touched a lot of other people, too." He wrote the song on the way back to Colorado.

## Reception

The song has been called a modern-day classic, and is said to be known by just about everyone who's worked on a ranch. Michael Martin Murphey has called it the "Mr. Bojangles" of cowboy music. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time. In 2009, it was cited as one of today's top thirteen cowboy songs by Western Horseman magazine.
# The Old Devil

The Old Devil (French: Cette vieille canaille) is a 1933 French drama film directed by Anatole Litvak and starring Harry Baur, Pierre Blanchar and Alice Field. It was based on a 1931 play of the same title by Fernand Nozière. It was shot at the Joinville Studios of Pathé-Natan in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director André Andrejew.

## Synopsis

The surgeon Guillaume Vautier falls in love with the much younger fairground worker Hélène after he treats her. He tolerates her flirtations with other, younger men, in order to keep her close to him. However, when an old boyfriend Jean Trapeau turns up in her life things become more complicated.

## Cast

* Harry Baur as Guillaume Vautier
* Pierre Blanchar as Jean Trapeau
* Alice Field as Hélène
* Paul Azaïs as Jacques
* Christiane Dor as Suzanne
* Madeleine Geoffroy as Germaine
* Pierre Stéphen as Le professeur d'histoire
* Madeleine Guitty as La mère d'Hélène
* Ginette Leclerc as une fille détenue au commissariat
# Harold Mertz

Harold J. "Bud" Mertz is considered to be the driving force in the creation of the Hybrid III crash test dummy, the standard dummy used today. Working with General Motors in the late 1960s, Mertz designed and built the dummy which is today the only recognized test device in both North America and Europe for restraint devices which protect against frontal collisions.
Mertz earned his bachelor's degree in aeronautical engineering at Wayne State University, and took a course on fluid dynamics under the tutelage of Lawrence Patrick, who was at the time using himself as a guinea pig in investigating the effects of car crashes on humans. Patrick offered Mertz an opportunity to work as his research assistant, and Mertz accepted.
Mertz went on to do his graduate studies at Wayne State, and worked with cadavers in crash testing studies too violent to use live volunteers. He completed his Ph.D. with a dissertation on whiplash-type injuries in 1967, In 1969, he was hired as a senior researcher at GM.
Mertz retired from General Motors in 2005, and lives with his wife in Harper Woods, Michigan.
# Boehm's bush squirrel

Boehm's bush squirrel (Paraxerus boehmi) is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and moist savanna.
# Harold Goodglass

Harold Goodglass (August 18, 1920 – March 18, 2002) was a prominent pioneer of neuropsychological tests and assessment, and spent much of his career investigating aphasia. The Boston VA Hospital, where he spent many years investigating brain function, now houses the Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center.
Goodglass was born in New York City August 18, 1920, graduated from Townsend Harris High School in 1935, and received a B.A. degree from City College of New York in 1939. He served in the Army Air Force from 1942 to 1946, and was discharged as a Captain. He then attended New York University, receiving a M.A. degree in psychology in 1948, and he received a Ph.D. degree in clinical psychology from the University of Cincinnati in 1951.
Goodglass developed a special interest in aphasia early in his career, and with the research support of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), he published research articles on disorders of naming in aphasia, on category specific disorders of lexical comprehension and production, on the comprehension of syntax, and on the syndrome of agrammatism. He also carried out a program of studies on cerebral dominance. Among his collaborators were Fred Quadfasel, Jean Berko Gleason, Edith Kaplan, Martin Albert, Nancy Helm-Estabrooks, Marlene Oscar Berman, Sheila Blumstein, Nelson Butters, Norman Geschwind, Howard Gardner, Edgar Zurif, Joan Borod, Arthur Wingfield, and Kim Lindfield.
Goodglass became director of the Boston University Aphasia Research Center in 1969, which is located at the VA Medical Center in Jamaica Plain. He remained in that post until 1996, and the Center was renamed in his honor, the "Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center." He was the author of over 130 research articles, and of the books Psycholinguistics and Aphasia (with Sheila Blumstein), The Assessment of Aphasia and Related Disorders, the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (with Edith Kaplan), Understanding Aphasia, and Anomia (with Arthur Wingfield). He received the 1997 Gold Medal Award for Contributions to the Application of Psychology from the American Psychological Foundation. He had recently been awarded a five-year grant from National Institutes of Health to continue his studies of aphasia.
Goodglass died on March 18, 2002, of complications of a fall. He was 82.