OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yamaha DragStar 1100

The Yamaha XVS 1100 DragStar, sold as the V-Star 1100 in North America, is a motorcycle manufactured by Yamaha Motor Corporation. It comes in two versions, the XVS1100 Custom and the XVS1100A Classic, the former a more modern style, and the latter a more classic style, with rounder edges and is 13 kg (29 lb) heavier. The seat height is slightly lower on the Custom.
The 1100, along with its 650 sibling, enjoy a huge following around the world. Aftermarket companies produce a number of items to customize the model. Over the lifespan of the model, changes have been evolutionary, with only minor updates.

## Beginnings

The DragStar began as the XVS650 in 1997 in Europe (400 version available in Japan since 1996), and grew in 1999 to include the XVS1100 Custom. The 1100 used a reworked version of the venerable Virago 75-degree, air-cooled v-twin engine which had been in use since the early 1980s. The Star version offered better torque for the new midsize cruiser bike. The Star carried over the shaft-drive layout from the Virago, but relied on a new suspension and frame, discarding the outboard dual shocks and stressed-member engine arrangement of the Virago in favor of a single-shock and twin downtubes. Dual Mikuni 37 mm carburetors with throttle-position sensors are used to efficiently meter fuel to the 8.3:1, oversquare engine.

## Classic model added

The DragStar/V-Star gathered followers early on, which led to the addition in 2000 of the Classic model. As opposed to the Custom's bobbed rear fender, 5 and 3/4 headlight, aluminum rims with spokes, exposed forks, 110 front tire and other custom touches, the Classic had longer fenders, floorboards, cast magnesium wheels, thicker brake and shift levers, a 7-inch headlight, substantial fork covers and a 130 front tire. Later a Silverado model, which included such amenities as a windscreen, sissy bar and soft sidebags was introduced as an upscale model.

## Features

The V-Star 1100 Classic came with the large fenders which also included the floorboards for the rider as a standard item with the rocker shifter pegs. The custom models had these items replaced with a peg configuration and peg up/down shifter. The customs also replaced the standard large front tire with a minute thinner tire in the category of a 90 series or a 110 series to resemble the Harley-Davidson 1200 Sportster.
The 1100 models were sought after machines based on the dimensional parameters of an 1,063 cc (64.9 cu in) engine and roughly 700 lb (320 kg) platform, with 130 series front and 170 series rear tires.
# Abbasqoli Khan Ardalan

Abbasqoli Khan Ardalan was the Ardalan beglerbeg (governor) of Safavid Kurdistan from 1710 to 1724. Abd al-Karim Qazi, a leading religious leader in Ardalan played a role in this appointment. It appears that Abbasqoli Khan's alleged prominent performance during the retaliatory expedition against the Ghilzay leader Mirwais Hotak—who rebelled in Kandahar in 1709—was at least part of the reason for his appointment.
# Caralue, South Australia

Caralue is a locality on Eyre Peninsula in South Australia. It is approximately coincident with the Hundred of Caralue except for the southeastern corner and a notch in the north side of the hundred that are in the localities of Waddikee and Panitya respectively.
Caralue Bluff Conservation Park and Poolgarra Conservation Reserve are both in Caralue. The dominant industry of the rest of the land is agriculture growing crops or sheep.
The original government town of Caralue adjacent to the railway line is now in the bounded locality of Waddikee, southeast of the current boundaries of the locality of Caralue.
# Turbonilla nicarasana

Turbonilla nicarasana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Nicaragua.
# Saad Alfarargi

Saad Alfarargi is United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to development. He started his task on 1 May 2017.

## Education

Bachelor in Commerce, University Cairo, 1956. Master of Science in Political Science, University Cairo, 1956. degree in International Relations, London School of Economics.

## Responsibilities
### In Egypt

Assistant to Minister of Foreign Affairs of Egypt; Chief of the Presidential Bureau for Economic Affairs, Presidency, Cairo Director General for International Economic Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cairo; Chief of Cabinet of the Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Special Political Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cairo;

### At the United Nations

UN Assistant Secretary General (ASG) Assistant Administrator of the UNDP and Regional Director for Arab States, New York Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Egypt to the UN in Geneva Specialized Agencies and other International Organizations in Switzerland; Special rapporteur for the United Nations Special Session on Disarmament Expert for the United Nations Disarmament Centre

## Activities

* 1956—1957 Attaché League of Arab States, Cairo
* 1957—1960. Worked at Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cairo
* 1960—1964 Third secretary Embassy of Egypt, Vienna
* 1969—1972 Head of economic section, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cairo,
* 1972—1973. chief of cabinet of minister of state
* 1973—1977 Counsellor permanent mission of Egypt United Nations, New York City
* 1989—1995 Governor Egypt Common Fund for Commodities, Amsterdam
* 1998—2012 Permanent Observer of the League of Arab States to the UN Geneva
* Now Editor-in-Chief of the political affairs periodical "Diplomat"

## Articles by Saad Alfarargi

Saad Alfarargi has published articles on different subjects including business and security. peace and security, economic development, disarmament and world trade, international order.
# Podonidae

Podonidae is a family of onychopods in the order Diplostraca. There are about 8 genera and at least 20 described species in Podonidae. A lot of them are non-native species, many of which pose a great threat to aquatic ecosystems.

## Genera

* Caspievadne
* Cornigerius
* Evadne Lovén, 1836
* Pleopis
* Pleopsis Dana, 1853
* Podon Lilljeborg, 1853
* Podonevadne
* Pseudevadne Claus, 1877
# William (Smiley) Heather

William Kati (Smiley) Heather (born 7 July 1958) is a Cook Islands politician and former Cabinet Minister. He represented the seat of Ruaau in the Cook Islands Parliament from 2006 to 2022 and is Deputy Leader of the Cook Islands Democratic Party. He is the older brother of Cook Islands Party MP Teariki Heather.
Heather was born in Rarotonga and educated at Arorangi Primary School and Tereora College in the Cook Islands and Onslow College in Wellington, New Zealand. From 1980 to 1997 Heather played for the Cook Islands national rugby union team. He worked as a public servant in the Cook Islands Ministry of Works, Energy and Physical Planning (MOWEPP) from 1992, and in 1997 became Director of Road Works. He was elected to Parliament as a member of the Democratic Party in the 2006 snap election. Following the election, he was appointed Democratic Party whip.
In December 2009 he was appointed to Cabinet as Minister for Transport, Infrastructure & Planning, and Energy following the sacking of Terepai Maoate and resignation of Democratic party cabinet ministers. As a result, he was expelled from the Democratic Party on 8 April 2010.
He was re-elected at the 2010 election as a Democratic candidate. In August 2012 he was elected Deputy Leader of the Democratic party. He was re-elected in the 2014 election, and in April 2015 was elected leader of the Democratic Party. In June 2017 he became leader of the opposition again.
Heather was re-elected at the 2018 election. In February 2020 he was appointed Democratic Party spokesperson for Corrective Services, Infrastructure and the Public Service Commission. In march 2021 he was appointed deputy leader, replacing Terepai Maoate Jnr.
He lost his seat in the 2022 Cook Islands general election.
# Al J Thompson

Al J Thompson (born 1980) is a Jamaican-born American photographer, living in New York City.

## Life and work

Thompson was born on the island of Jamaica. In 1996, aged 16, he moved to Spring Valley in Rockland County, New York. He now lives in New York City.
His first book, Remnants of an Exodus (2021), was made in Spring Valley and is about gentrification.

## Publications

* Remnants of an Exodus. New York (state): Gnomic, 2021. With an essay by Shane Rocheleau, "Gathering Remnants".
# Mortier (disambiguation)

Mortier is a pipe organ builder.
Mortier may also refer to:
* Mortier (surname)
* Mortier, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
* French destroyer Mortier, a Claymore-class destroyer built for the French Navy
# Al Rogers (singer)

Al Rogers (July 24, 1924 – December 6, 2019) was an American country singer.

## Early life

Rogers was born July 24, 1924, in West Mifflin, Pennsylvania. He learned to play the banjo at age 9 and the guitar at age 12.

## Career

Rogers was the leader of the band "The Rocky Mountain Boys". They are best known for their 1954 hit "Hydrogen Bomb", which was featured in the soundtrack of the movie "The Atomic Cafe". Rogers' fans know him as "The American Folk Balladeer". In the 1950s, Rogers was a popular radio and television star in Amarillo, Texas, most notably in the TV series "The Panhandle Barn Dance".

## Personal life and death

Rogers served in the United States Air Force during World War II, in the Pacific Theater. He married Betty Ross on May 20, 1947. In 1950 the couple moved to Amarillo, Texas. They had two daughters, Joanne (born 1952 and Kathy Denise (born 1957).
Rogers died on December 6, 2019, at the age of 95.

## Honors and awards

In 1984, Al Rogers was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame Walkway of Stars.
# Alan Sutherland (artist)

Alan Sutherland (born 1931, in Bombay, India) was a Scottish artist based in Edinburgh. He died on 27 June 2019 at the age of 87.

## Early life

He was born in Bombay, India in 1931, and lived there for the first three years of his life. Shortly after his 3rd birthday his parents moved back to Edinburgh where Alan spent his early formative years being educated at Loretto School in Musselburgh. He was only thirteen when he had his first picture accepted for the Society of Scottish Artists and by the age of twenty two he had three portraits exhibited in the Royal Scottish Academy. He graduated from Edinburgh College of Art in 1952.

## Career

Significant portrait sitters include Quentin Crisp, Lord Cameron, Sir Conolly Abel Smith, Sir Nicholas Fairbairn QC, HRH Prince Philip: Duke of Edinburgh, Sir Alec Douglas-Home, Angus Douglas-Hamilton, 15th Duke of Hamilton, Henry Thynne, 6th Marquess of Bath, and William Maxwell "Max" Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook.
To mark the bicentennial in 1987 the New Club in Edinburgh, on recommendation from the Royal Society of Portrait Painters, commissioned Alan for a portrait of their Patron His Royal Highness Prince Philip. The sittings took place in Holyrood Palace and the portrait of the Duke currently hangs in the New Club Morning Room.
Other notable works include the ceiling fresco at Invercreran House in Argyll Scotland.
He has exhibited in The Royal Academy London, the Chelsea Society, the Society of Scottish Artists, the Paris Salon, the Royal Society of Portrait Painters, the Royal Scottish Academy, the Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts and Prouds Art Gallery Sydney.
# Wilf–Zeilberger pair

In mathematics, specifically combinatorics, a Wilf–Zeilberger pair, or WZ pair, is a pair of functions that can be used to certify certain combinatorial identities. WZ pairs are named after Herbert S. Wilf and Doron Zeilberger, and are instrumental in the evaluation of many sums involving binomial coefficients, factorials, and in general any hypergeometric series. A function's WZ counterpart may be used to find an equivalent and much simpler sum. Although finding WZ pairs by hand is impractical in most cases, Gosper's algorithm provides a method to find a function's WZ counterpart, and can be implemented in a symbolic manipulation program.

## Definition

Two functions F and G form a WZ pair if and only if the following two conditions hold:
    $F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)=G(n,k+1)-G(n,k),$
    $\lim _{M\to \pm \infty }G(n,M)=0.$
Together, these conditions ensure that
    $\sum _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }[F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)]=0$
because the function G telescopes:
    ${\begin{aligned}\sum _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }[F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)]&=\lim _{M\to \infty }\sum _{k=-M}^{M}[F(n+1,k)-F(n,k)]\\&=\lim _{M\to \infty }\sum _{k=-M}^{M}[G(n,k+1)-G(n,k)]\\&=\lim _{M\to \infty }[G(n,M+1)-G(n,-M)]\\&=0-0\\&=0.\end{aligned}}$
Therefore,
    $\sum _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }F(n+1,k)=\sum _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }F(n,k),$
that is
    $\sum _{k=-\infty }^{\infty }F(n,k)={\text{const}}.$
The constant does not depend on n. Its value can be found by substituting n = n$_0$ for a particular n$_0$.
If F and G form a WZ pair, then they satisfy the relation
    $G(n,k)=R(n,k)F(n,k-1),$
where $R(n,k)$ is a rational function of n and k and is called the WZ proof certificate.

## Example

A Wilf–Zeilberger pair can be used to verify the identity
    $\sum _{k=0}^{\infty }(-1)^{k}{n \choose k}{2k \choose k}4^{n-k}={2n \choose n}.$
Divide the identity by its right-hand side:
    $\sum _{k=0}^{\infty }{\frac {(-1)^{k}{n \choose k}{2k \choose k}4^{n-k}}{2n \choose n}}=1.$
Use the proof certificate
    $R(n,k)={\frac {2k-1}{2n+1}}$
to verify that the left-hand side does not depend on n, where
    ${\begin{aligned}F(n,k)&={\frac {(-1)^{k}{n \choose k}{2k \choose k}4^{n-k}}{2n \choose n}},\\G(n,k)&=R(n,k)F(n,k-1).\end{aligned}}$
Now F and G form a Wilf–Zeilberger pair.
To prove that the constant in the right-hand side of the identity is 1, substitute n = 0, for instance.
# Wilga (Garwolin)

The Wilga is a river in eastern Poland south of Warsaw and lies in Garwolin County. The 67 kilometre long Wilga is a tributary of Vistula River.
# Mount Sharp (Antarctica)

Mount Sharp (77°53′S 86°10′W﻿ / ﻿77.883°S 86.167°W﻿ / -77.883; -86.167) is a mountain over 3,000 m, standing 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Mount Barden in the north part of the Sentinel Range in Western Antarctica. It surmounts Zhenda Glacier to the north and Sabazios Glacier to the east.
The mountain was mapped by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party of 1957–58, under Charles R. Bentley, which named the mountain for Professor Robert P. Sharp, a member of the Technical Panel on Glaciology, part of the U.S. National Committee for the International Geophysical Year (IGY).
# Alamitos Formation

The Alamitos Formation is a geologic formation exposed in the southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains of New Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Pennsylvanian to early Permian periods.

## Description

The formation consists mostly of sandstone and conglomerate (50%) with lesser amounts of limestone (21%) and shale and siltstone (29%). The limestone tends to be more abundant in the upper third of the formation, though the formation shows considerable lateral variation.
The formation is underlain by the La Pasada Formation in the southwestern Sangre de Cristo Mountains with the contact placed at an abrupt transition from limestone to arkosic sandstone and conglomerate. In the southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains, the underlying formation is the Porvenir Formation, while to the north the underlying formation is the Flechado Formation. The Alamitos Formation is overlain by the Sangre de Cristo Formation with the contact placed at the uppermost well-developed limestone bed.
* Alamitos Formation exposed in a road cut north of Pecos

## Fossils

The formation contains fossils ranging in age from middle Desmoinesian (Moscovian) to early Wolfcampian (Asselian). These include the fusulinids Beedeina, Triticites, and Schwagerina. The formation also contains abraded fragments of crinoids and bryozoans.

## History of investigation

The formation was first named by P.K. Sutherland in 1963, who considered it correlative with the upper part of the Madera Formation. However, in 2004, Kues and Giles recommended restricting the Madera Group to shelf and marginal basin beds of Desmoinean (upper Moscovian) to early Virgilian age, which excluded the Alamitos Formation. Lucas et al. also exclude the Alamitos Formation from the Madera Group.
# Alan Hughes

Alan Hughes may refer to:
* Alan Hughes (cricketer) (born 1951), Irish former cricketer
* Alan Hughes (footballer) (born 1948), former English footballer
* Alan Hughes (presenter) (born 1963), Irish television presenter
# Albert Edward Winship

Albert Edward Winship (February 24, 1845 – February 16, 1933) was a pioneering American educator and educational journalist.

## Biography

Winship was born in West Bridgewater, Massachusetts. He attended Andover Theological Seminary in 1875. He was a pastor from 1876 to 1883. He had transferred himself over to the field of education by 1886 when he became editor of the Journal of Education, Boston, which grew to become one of the most influential educational magazines in the country.
From 1903 to 1909, Winship was a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Education. His published works include: Horace Mann, the educator (1896) and Great American Educators (1900). He was the father of librarian and author George Parker Winship and of The Boston Globe editor Laurence L. Winship.
He died at his home in Cambridge on February 16, 1933.

## Sources

* G. P. Winship (1987). Circuit rider of the American schools: Albert Edward Winship, 1845-1933. King College.
# Mount Moriah, Philadelphia

Mount Moriah is a neighborhood in Southwest Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, east of Cobbs Creek in the vicinity of Kingsessing Avenue.
The neighborhood shares its name with the Mount Moriah Cemetery, which was founded next to Cobbs Creek in 1855.
The Joseph W. Catharine School was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The 19142 zip code is included in this area.
# Mount Moriah, Queensland

Mount Moriah is a rural locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Mount Moriah had a population of 9 people.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Mount Moriah had a population of 10 people.
In the 2021 census, Mount Moriah had a population of 9 people.
# Mount Tyndall (Tasmania)

Mount Tyndall is a mountain that is part of the Tyndall Range, a spur off the West Coast Range, located in the Western region of Tasmania, Australia.
The mountain was named in 1877 by James Reid Scott on the suggestion of Thomas Bather Moore in honour of Professor John Tyndall, a Fellow of the Geological Society who made important contributions in physics, atmospheric science and geology.
The area is at the northern end of a block of mountains that are north of Mount Sedgwick.
Located at the base of the mountain are a number of glacial lakes, most notably Lake Westwood and Lake Dora. The mountain lies southeast of the Henty Gold Mine, and Hydro Tasmania dam on the Henty River; and south of Lake Mackintosh, Lake Murchison and Tullah.
# Mount Twintop

Mount Twintop (68°5′S 62°22′E﻿ / ﻿68.083°S 62.367°E﻿ / -68.083; 62.367) is a twin-peaked mountain about 6 nautical miles (11 km) south-southwest of Mount Tritoppen in the south part of the David Range, Framnes Mountains. Immediately north of Mount Twintop are the Butler Nunataks, and Venture Dome lies 60 km to the south.
Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37) and named Tvitoppen (the twin peak). The translated form of the name recommended by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) has been adopted.
# William Cole (immigrant)

William Cole (circa 1598 to before 1664) emigrated from Essex, England to the Colony of Virginia in 1618, and in 1629 was one of the two men who represented Nutmeg Quarter (which later became part of Warwick County) in the House of Burgesses.

## Early life

Cole was the eldest son of Humphrie Cole and his wife Hester of Tillingham in Essex, England.

## Career

Cole sailed to Virginia aboard the Neptune in 1618. The muster roll of 1624/1625, shows his wife as Frances who had emigrated to the colony aboard the Susan around 1616, and was slightly older than he (27 years old vs. 26) and that 26 year old Roger Farbrace and/or 27 year old Francis Cole lived with them. His relation to George Cole who was killed when Native Americans attacked Edward Bennett's plantation on March 22, 1622, and with John Cole and William Cole who sailed for Virginia aboard the Margaret with their passage paid for by the Society of Berkeley Hundred's investors is unknown, and both those probably died soon after arriving in Virginia. Virginia authorities sent back to England in May 1625 a list which credited this man with planting 50 acres in Elizabeth City, Virginia. Cole died some time before September 15, 1664, when 100 acres of land he had patented (based on immigrants for whose passage he had paid) in Accomack County (on Virginia's Eastern Shore), escheated and was assigned to another man.

## Disambiguating his descendants

His son William Cole (1638-1694) may be the family's most distinguished member, representing clients as a lawyer at least since 1670, purchasing the 1350 acre Boldrup plantation (also known as Bolthrope) on the Warwick River in 1671, serving on the Virginia Governor's Council from 1674/75 (including as Governor Berkeley's agent during Bacon's Rebellion) until (near his death) in 1692, and co-founding the College of William and Mary. His son William Cole (this man's grandson) also served in the House of Burgesses, representing Warwick County in the early 18th century. The next probable descendant who served in the legislature was Roscow Cole who represented James City County in the mid-19th century.
# Alan Lewis (sport shooter)

Alan Lewis (born 20 November 1950 in Glengormley) is an Irish sport shooter. He tied for 41st place in the men's 50 metre rifle prone event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Albert J. Cohen

Albert J. Cohen (1903–1984) was an American screenwriter and film producer. He worked at studios such as Republic and Universal Pictures. He was married to the actress Jeanne Sorel and their daughter Louise Sorel also became an actress.

## Filmography
### Producer

* Who Killed Aunt Maggie? (1940)
* The Devil Pays Off (1941)
* Rookies on Parade (1941)
* Angels with Broken Wings (1941)
* Sailors on Leave (1941)
* Doctors Don't Tell (1941)
* Puddin' Head (1941)
* Sleepytime Gal (1942)
* Youth on Parade (1942)
* Lady for a Night (1942)
* Remember Pearl Harbor (1942)
* Pardon My Stripes (1942)
* Chatterbox (1943)
* Hit Parade of 1943 (1943)
* Sleepy Lagoon (1943)
* Thumbs Up (1943)
* Casanova in Burlesque (1944)
* Man from Frisco
* The Fighting Seabees (1944)
* Atlantic City (1944)
* Earl Carroll Vanities (1945)
* The Walls Came Tumbling Down (1946)
* Unknown Island (1948)
* Prehistoric Women (1950)
* Horizons West (1952)
* Because of You (1952)
* City Beneath the Sea (1953)
* Meet Me at the Fair (1953)
* East of Sumatra (1953)
* Girls in the Night (1953)
* The Glass Web (1953)
* The Veils of Bagdad (1953)
* The Great Sioux uprising (1953)
* Tanganyika (1954)
* Border River (1954)
* So This Is Paris (1954)
* Sign of the Pagan (1954)
* Playgirl (1954)
* The Second Greatest Sex (1955)
* Never Say Goodbye (1956)
* Outside the Law (1956)
* The Night Runner (1957)
* Istanbul (1957)
* Island of Lost Women (1959)

### Screenwriter

* I Sell Anything (1934)
* A Night at the Ritz (1935)
* King Solomon of Broadway (1935)
* Times Square Lady (1935)
* Moonlight murder (1936)
* Invisible Enemy (1938)
* Let's Live a Little (1948)
* The Lady Pays Off (1951)
* The Naked Brigade (1965)
# William Burgh

William Burgh may refer to:
* William de Burgh (MP) (1741–1808), also called William Burgh, Irish landowner who opposed slavery
* William Burgh (MP for Lanesborough) for Lanesborough (Parliament of Ireland constituency) during the Merciless Parliament
* William Burgh (fl. 1421), MP for Maldon (UK Parliament constituency) in 1421
* William Burgh (died 1552), MP for Great Yarmouth (UK Parliament constituency)