OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Albert Lauzemis

Albert Lauzemis (12 March 1918 – 10 April 1944) was a German U-boat commander in World War II.

## Naval career

Albert Lauzemis joined Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in 1937. He went through U-boat training and U-boat familiarization (Baubelehrung) from June 1940 to February 1941. He trained for the Type IXC boats and on commissioning of U-68 by Kapitän zur See Karl-Friedrich Merten he became its Second Watch Officer (2WO). Lauzemis sailed on the boat for two patrols as 2WO and then for the third patrol as the First Watch Officer (1WO). He served on the boat until April 1942. During Lauzemis' stint on U-68 Merten sank eleven ships for over 63,000 tons. Lauzemis went through U-boat commander training with the 24th U-boat Flotilla in May 1942 and on 18 May he was given command of the small "duck" school boat U-139. He only served there for six weeks before taking command of the much larger Type IX U-37 on 1 July 1942. The hugely successful boat was by that time a school boat in the Baltic Sea. Lauzemis left the U-37 on 3 January 1943 and on the 21st took command of the U-68, his old boat. He left for his first war patrol as commander on 7 May 1943, heading for the Caribbean Sea. On the second patrol with the U-68 the outbound boat was attacked on 14 June 1943 having left base at Lorient only 2 days earlier. Lauzemis, the 2WO and another man were wounded and one lost overboard. The 1WO, Scherraus, brought the boat back to base. Lauzemis spent six weeks in hospital and was relieved of command during his recovery. During his five patrols, 228 days at sea, Lauzemis sank six ships for almost 28,000 tons. On 30 July Albert Lauzemis was again in command of his U-68 and took the boat out again on 14 August 1943. Lauzemis was killed when the boat was sunk on 10 April 1944 north-west of Madeira, Portugal, in position 33°24′N 18°59′W﻿ / ﻿33.400°N 18.983°W﻿ / 33.400; -18.983, by depth charges and rockets from Avenger and Wildcat aircraft of the US escort carrier USS Guadalcanal.

## Summary of career
### Ships sunk

| Date | U-boat | Name of ship | Nationality | Tonnage | Fate |
| 13 March 1943 | U-68 | Cities Service Missouri | United States | 7,506 | Sunk |
| 13 March 1943 | U-68 | Ceres | Netherlands | 2,680 | Sunk |
| 21 October 1943 | U-68 | HMS Orfasy | Royal Navy | 545 | Sunk |
| 22 October 1943 | U-68 | Litiopa | Norway | 5,356 | Sunk |
| 31 October 1943 | U-68 | New Columbia | United Kingdom | 6,574 | Sunk |
| 30 November 1943 | U-68 | Fort de Vaux | Free France | 5,186 | Sunk |

### Awards

* Iron Cross 2nd Class
* Iron Cross 1st Class
* German Cross in Gold - 6 November 1943 (posthumous)
# Toukabeur

Toukabeur is a town in Béja Governorate, Tunisia located at 36°42′32″N, 9°31′16″E. Toukabeur is in the Medjerda River valley, and 2 km west of Chaouach (Suas) and 7 kilometers northwest of Majaz al Bab,(Membressa). Its postal code is 9024.

## History
### Antiquity

The area has numerous ruins from the Roman era lying in situ. An inscription of Marcus Aurelius indicates that the city had no status of a Roman city.
The town appears to have taken its name from the pre-Roman Berber tombs, located at Chaouach 1 kilometer higher up the hillside. Chaouach was much older and larger settlement than Toukabeur during antiquity.
Babelon mentions important buildings, such as two triumphal arches (including the
Triumphal arch of Sextilius Celsus), cisterns and tombs. Other remains include a city gate, a large building called "the Hammam" whose function is unknown (possibly thermal baths) as well as a large number of pools, cisterns and wells. To the west of the town are rock tombs (Haouanet).

### World War II

During the Tunisian Campaign of World War II the British Army 11th infantry Brigade took the town April 1943.

### Ancient bishopric

Toukabeur was also the seat of an ancient Roman Catholic diocese through the Vandal and Roman Empires. Known bishops include:
* A bishop, Fortunatus of Thuccaburi, was recorded for the year 256.
* a bishop named Megasius Tuccaborensis participated in the Council of Carthage (411).
* In 646, Stephanus Tuccaboriensis participated in the Council of the Africa Proconsularis.

### Modern

Today the springs that first attracted the Romans still feed the village and water the orchards still in their antique. There are still 6 ancient cisterns at the entrance of the village, though converted stables. All round the ruins of the Roman town lie scattered half buried in the soil among the orchards on the slopes down to the foot of the locality.
# Albiges/Mablep Rural LLG

Albiges/Mablep Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea.

## Wards

* 01. Iwam
* 02. Jikinumbu
* 03. Kulunge
* 04. Bongiora
* 05. Apangai
* 06. Ami
* 07. Amahup
* 08. Wamsak / Amom (Abu’ Arapesh language speakers)
* 09. Supari
* 10. Gwoingwoin
* 11. Dahabiga
* 12. Kulelikum
* 13. Walahuta
* 14. Ningalimb
# Gardenhire

Gardenhire is a surname.
* Erasmus Lee Gardenhire (1815–1899), Civil War-era Tennessee politician
* George Gardenhire (1841–?), territorial Oklahoma politician
* Ron Gardenhire (born 1957), former Major League Baseball shortstop and manager
* Samuel Major Gardenhire (1855–1923), writer
# Phillips Park

Phillips Park may refer to:
* Phillips Park (Aurora, Illinois)
* Phillips Park (Pittsburgh)
# Ahmadiyya in Guinea-Bissau

Ahmadiyya is an Islamic community in Guinea-Bissau under the leadership of the caliph in London.
First established in the country in 1995, during the era of the Fourth Caliphate, in 2012, the Community represented an estimated 2% of the country's Muslim population, corresponding to approximately 13,000 people.

## History

The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community of Guinea-Bissau was first established in 1995. However, it has not had an easy beginning since its founding. Only six years later, on August 20, 2001, the then-president of Guinea-Bissau, Kumba Ialá, ordered the closure of Ahmadi mosques and mission houses and called for the expulsion of Ahmadi Muslim missionaries of foreign Pakistani origin to leave the country within a period of "48 hours". In a meeting held with 500 Muslim leaders in the country, the president accused Ahmadi Muslims of interfering with the nation's politics and of creating misunderstanding and instability within the Muslim populations. In response to the decision, Sory Djalo resigned from his post as the president's religious affairs advisor.
In response to the president's decision, the Community appealed at Bissau's Regional Court, one of the nine regional courts in the country. The court found that the decision made by the president violated the nation's constitution, which guarantees religious freedom and prohibits dissolution of religious groups without a prior court approval. As a consequence, the decision was declared void and unconstitutional. Despite this, the Community was still banned.
In January 2005, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community was permitted to resume its religious activity, only to be banned once again two months later, in March. The reason attributed to this decision was a dispute in Gabú city between Ahmadis and non-Ahmadi Muslims, which resulted in the injury of four Ahmadi Muslims. A year later, in 2006, the Community appealed the government's decision to ban its religious activity again. Once again, the government granted the Community the right to practice its faith openly. Between 2006 and 2017, there have been no reports of discrimination against Ahmadi Muslims, governmental or otherwise.
# Ai no Dangan

"Ai no Dangan" (愛の弾丸) is the 26th single by the Japanese girl idol group Berryz Kobo. It was released in Japan on June 8, 2011, and debuted at number 11 on the Oricon weekly CD singles chart.

## Track listings
### CD single

* "Ai no Dangan" (愛の弾丸)
* "Omoide" (思い出!)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Instrumental)

#### Limited Edition A DVD

* "Ai no Dangan" (Dance Shot Ver.)

#### Limited Edition B DVD

* "Ai no Dangan" (Close-up Ver.)

### DVD single Single V "Ai no Dangan"

* "Ai no Dangan"
* "Ai no Dangan" (Another Dance Shot Ver.)
* Making-of (メイキング映像, Making Eizō)

### DVD single Event V "Ai no Dangan"

* "Ai no Dangan" (Shimizu Saki Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Tsugunaga Momoko Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Tokunaga Chinami Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Sudo Maasa Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Natsuyaki Miyabi Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Kumai Yurina Close-up Ver.)
* "Ai no Dangan" (Sugaya Risako Close-up Ver.)

## Charts
### CD single

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Japan (Oricon) | 11 |

### DVD single Single V "Ai no Dangan"

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Japan (Oricon) | 12 |
# Plus fours

Plus fours are breeches or trousers that extend four inches (10 cm) below the knee (and thus four inches longer than traditional knickerbockers, hence the name). Knickerbockers have been traditionally associated with sporting attire since the 1860s. Plus fours were introduced in the 1920s and became popular among sportsmen—particularly golfers and game shooters—as they allowed more freedom of movement than knickerbockers.
An "extravagant, careless style that fit right in with the looser fashions and lifestyles of the 1920s", plus fours were introduced to the United States by Edward, Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII), during a trip in 1924.
They were later brought back to prominence by the professional golfer Payne Stewart, who wore them on the PGA Tour (active years 1982–1999).
In 2008, plus fours were featured in André Benjamin's Benjamin Bixby clothing line, which was based on clothing worn by Ivy League athletes in the 1930s.
Less known are plus twos, plus sixes, and plus eights, of similar definitions, but accordingly varying lengths.
# 42nd Rocket Division

The 42nd Tagil Rocket Division (Military Unit Number 34103) is an intercontinental ballistic missile formation of the Russian Strategic Rocket Forces. It is based at Svobodny, Sverdlovsk Oblast/Nizhniy Tagil, Sverdlovsk Oblast, and it is part of the 31st Rocket Army.

## History

The history of the Tagil missile division and settlement started in 1960 with the construction of engineering structures, access roads, and housing for the rocket personnel. The first house was commissioned in December 1961. The 202nd Rocket Brigade was formed on December 1, 1960, on the basis of the 19th Training Tank Regiment and the 18th howitzer artillery brigade. First commander of the division was assigned to Major-General Oleg Maisky.

## Launch

In May 1961 the 202nd Rocket Brigade was redesignated the 42nd Rocket Division. On October 31, 1961, the first launch Divisions went on alert (commanders - Lieutenant and Grabski OA and Mishin VP), being armed with intercontinental ballistic missiles P-16U (8K64U).

## Honors and awards

Few honors and awards are given below.
* October 18, 1965 Order Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR locality military unit 34103 was given the name - "the industrial community free", it belongs to the category of industrial communities closed.
* October 20, 1967, for his services in defense of the country division was awarded a commemorative sign Central Committee of the Supreme Council and the Council of Ministers.
* December 14, 1972, to mark the 50th anniversary of the USSR Division was awarded the Jubilee Honorary Badge of the CPSU Central Committee, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet and the Council of Ministers.
* December 12, 1999 Presidential Decree division was awarded the title Tagil. May 9, 2000, the division was awarded an Honorary Banner Administration of Nizhny Tagil.
Based on the Federal Law "On General Principles of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation," the closed village municipality have the status of free city district.
# Alatsinainy Bakaro

Alatsinainy Bakaro is a town in Analamanga Region, in the Central Highlands of Madagascar, located at 68 km from the capital of Antananarivo. It belongs to the district of Andramasina and its populations numbers to 20,370 in 2018.
# Top-nodes algorithm

The top-nodes algorithm is an algorithm for managing a resource reservation calendar. The algorithm has been first published in 2003, and has been improved in 2009. It is used when a resource is shared among many users (for example bandwidth in a telecommunication link, or disk capacity in a large data center).
The algorithm allows users to:
* check if an amount of resource is available during a specific period of time,
* reserve an amount of resource for a specific period of time,
* delete a previous reservation,
* move the calendar forward (the calendar covers a defined duration, and it must be moved forward as time goes by).

## Principle

The calendar is stored as a binary tree where leaves represent elementary time periods. Other nodes represent the period of time covered by all their descendants.
The period of time covered by a reservation is represented by a set of "top-nodes". This set is the minimal set of nodes that exactly cover the reservation period of time.
A node of the binary tree is a "top-node" for a given reservation if
* all its descendants are inside the reservation period of time, and
* it is the root node, or at least one descendant of the parent node is outside of the reservation period of time.
The following value is stored in each node:
(for code optimization, the two parts of this sum are usually stored separately.)

## Performance

The advantage of this algorithm is that the time to register a new resource reservation depends only on the calendar size (it does not depend on the total number of reservations).
Let n be the number of elementary periods in the calendar.
The maximal number of "top-nodes" for a given reservation is 2.log n.
* to check if an amount of resource is available during a specific period of time : O(log n)
* to reserve an amount of resource for a specific period of time : O(log n)
* to delete a previous reservation : O(log n)
* to move the calendar forward : O(log n + M.log n)
where M is the number of reservations that are active during the added calendar periods.
(M = 0 if reservations are not allowed after the end of the calendar.)
# Aleiodes coxalis

Aleiodes coxalis is a species of parasitoid wasp belonging to the family Braconidae. It was first described by Maximilian Spinola in 1808 as Bracon coxalis. It is found in the Palearctic region.
# Artichoke (disambiguation)

The globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) is a species of thistle cultivated as a food. Artichoke may also refer to:

## Plants

* Artichoke cactus, a species of cactus
* Jerusalem artichoke, a species of sunflower with an edible tuber
* Stachys affinis, also known as Chinese artichoke or Artichoke betony, an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Lamiaceae
* Artichoke Garlic

## Places

* Artichoke, Minnesota, an unincorporated community in the United States
* Artichoke Lake, a lake in Minnesota
* Artichoke River, a river of Minnesota, United States
* Artichoke Township, Minnesota, a civil township in the United States

## Other uses

* Artichoke (band), an indie pop band in Los Angeles
* Artichoke (company), a creative company specialising in arts events
* Artichoke Creek (disambiguation)
* PH Artichoke, a designer light fixture manufactured by Louis Poulsen
* Project ARTICHOKE, a CIA operation
* Artichoke gall, a growth caused by a wasp on oak trees
# Phillips Park (Pittsburgh)

Phillips Park is an urban park in Carrick, a neighborhood of Pittsburgh.

## History

Also known as Dilly's Grove, Southern Park and Carrick Park, it was originally a Trolley Park with vaudeville acts, roller coasters, merry go rounds and other attractions. At one time, it was at the end of the line for public transit from Pittsburgh. Dilly's Grove was purchased in 1904 for $29,000. The park is named for John MacFarlane Phillips, who organized the first Boy Scout troop in Pennsylvania.

## Present Facilities

Phillips Park is known for its Disc Golf Course.
# Weretā Tainui Pītama

Weretā Tainui Pītama (1881 – 5 April 1930) was a New Zealand farmer, land claimant and trust board chairman of Māori descent, affiliated with the Ngāi Tahu iwi. He was born in 1881 at Te Rāpaki-o-Te Rakiwhakaputa.
He stood as an independent candidate in the 1922 by-election for the Southern Maori electorate.
# Moln

Moln may refer to:
* Mölln, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
* Moln, Iran
# Fewings

Fewings is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eliza Ann Fewings (1857–1940), English teacher
* James Fewings (1849–1920), British cricketer
* Jo Stone-Fewings (born 1967), British actor
* Paul Fewings (born 1978), British footballer
# 42nd Regiment

42nd Regiment, 42nd Infantry Regiment or 42nd Armoured Regiment may refer to:

## United Kingdom

* 42nd Regiment of Foot, a unit of the British Army up to 1881, known as the "Black Watch"
* 42 Engineer Regiment (Geographic), a unit of the British Army Royal Engineers
* 42nd Royal Tank Regiment, a World War II armoured unit of the British Army
* 42nd Deoli Regiment, an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army

## United States

* 42nd Infantry Regiment (United States), a unit of the US Army

### American Civil War regiments
#### Union (northern) Army

* 42nd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment
* 42nd Indiana Infantry Regiment
* 42nd Kentucky Infantry Regiment
* 42nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
* 42nd Ohio Infantry Regiment
* 42nd United States Colored Infantry Regiment
* 42nd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment

#### Confederate (southern) Army

* 42nd Arkansas Cavalry Regiment
* 42nd Mississippi Infantry Regiment
* 42nd Virginia Infantry Regiment

## Other nations

* 42nd Infantry Regiment (Poland), a unit of the Polish Armed Forces of the Second Polish Republic
* 42nd Armoured Regiment (India), a unit of the Union of the Indian Army
* 42nd Bomber Aviation Regiment, an aviation unit of the Yugoslav Air Force
* 42nd Field Artillery Regiment (Lanark and Renfrew Scottish), RCA, a unit of the Canadian Army
* 42nd Infantry Regiment (France), a former unit in the French Army
# Luis Osvaldo Pino Valdivieso

Luis Osvaldo Pino Valdivieso (1933–2003) was a Puerto Rican bombard player and director of the Banda Municipal de Ponce for twenty-three years.

## Early years

Luis Osvaldo Pino Valdivieso was born on 14 November 1933 in Ponce, Puerto Rico.

## Training

He began his music training in his own home and continued them at the Escuela Libre de Música de Ponce under Librado Net learning violin.
He also attended the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico earning a B.S. degree in Chemistry. He taught Chemistry at the Ponce High School for 33 years. At Ponce High, he organized and established the Ponce High "Tuna Estudiantil" which he led between 1967 and 1974. Said musical organization recorded three LP records and won various awards in several competitions.

## Music career

In 1953 Pino Valdivieso joined the Ponce Municipal Band as first bombardist playing that sound until 1978, when he was named Band Director that year (1978). He held the directorship position until the summer of 2001.
Under the leadership of Pino Valdivieso, the Ponce Municipal Band achieved several milestones including the recording of two new LPs, participation in the Puerto Rican Day Parade in New York City in 1983, and the Fourth of July Parade in Washington, D.C., in 1991, as well as several musical competitions in Puerto Rico.

## Death, legacy and honors

Pino Valdivieso died in Ponce on 16 July 2003. He was 70 years old. In Ponce the building that houses the headquarters of the Ponce Municipal Band,"Centro Integrado Para el Fortalecimiento de las Artes Musicales Luis Osvaldo Pino Valdivieso", and located immediately next to Teatro La Perla, was named after him.
# Albania at the 2019 Summer Universiade

Albania competed at the 2019 Summer Universiade in Naples, Italy held from 3 to 14 July 2019.

## Competitors

The following is a list of the number of competitors representing Albania that participated at the Games:
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Shooting | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Taekwondo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 3 | 0 | 3 |

## Athletics
### Key

* Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Q = Qualified for the next round
* q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* NR = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

### Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | Heat | Round 1 | Round 1 | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Edmond Murataj | Men's 200 m | DQ | DQ | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |

## Shooting
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | Qualification | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Points | Rank | Points | Rank |
| Henri Rrufa | 10 m air pistol | 549 | 28 | did not advance | did not advance |

## Taekwondo
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Opposition Score | Rank |
| Valdet Allaraj | –58 kg | Caplea (ROU) L 15–56 | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance | did not advance |
# Top-of-mind awareness

Top-of-mind awareness (TOMA) is a measure of how aware is a consumer of a brand. It is part of consumer behaviour, and is a key aspect of marketing research and marketing communications.

## Definitions of top-of-mind awareness

In marketing, "top-of-mind awareness" refers to a brand or specific product being first in customers' minds when thinking of a particular industry or category.
Top-of-mind awareness is defined in Marketing Metrics: "The first brand that comes to mind when a customer is asked an unprompted question about a category. The percentage of customers for whom a given brand is top of mind can be measured."
TOMA has also been defined as "the percent of respondents who, without prompting, name a specific brand or product first when asked to list all the advertisements they recall seeing in a general product category over the past 30 days."
At the market level, top-of-mind awareness is more often defined as the "most remembered" or "most recalled" brand names.

## Top-of-mind awareness: uses and applications

Top-of-mind awareness is a special form of brand awareness. Top-of-mind awareness is generally measured by asking consumers open-ended questions about the brand that first comes to mind in a particular category, like a fast-food restaurant (McDonald’s). Market researchers are then able to take this data and turn it into a percentage to figure out who is leading the way in top-of-mind awareness. Companies attempt to build and increase brand awareness using such digital marketing strategies as search engine optimization (SEO), search engine marketing (SEM), social media marketing (SMM), content marketing, and more.
In a survey of nearly 200 senior marketing managers, 50% responded that they found the "top-of-mind" metric very useful.
# Muchalls railway station

Muchalls railway station served the village of Muchalls, Kincardineshire, Scotland from 1849 to 1950 on the Aberdeen Railway.

## History

The station was opened on 1 February 1850 by the Aberdeen Railway. There was a goods yard at the east side of the line.
The station was host to a LMS caravan from 1936 to 1939.
The station closed to both passengers and goods traffic on 4 December 1950. Freight service was transferred to Newtonhill railway station.
Nothing remains of the station, however its location can be best estimated by the location of the Muchalls Peace Sign, which is located nearby. The peace sign is visible from Marine Terrace, Muchalls just south of the junction with Walker Drive.
# Articerodes ohmomoi

Articerodes ohmomoi is a rove beetle discovered in Thailand in 2008. It was named for Dr. Sadahiro Ohmomo, a biochemistry professor at the University of Tsukuba, who collected the holotype for the species. It is closely related to Articerodes jariyae and Articerodes thailandicus, discovered during the same study.