OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Admetula italica

Admetula italica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.

## Description

The white, turriculate shell grows to a length of 11.5 mm. The paucispiral protoconch has 1¾ whorls. The teleoconch consists of 3¼ rounded whorls with spiral ridges, axially crossed by 16 to 17 distinct ribs. The ribs become confused at the bottom of the body whorl. On the top of each whorl these ribs disappear into the flat sutural zone between the whorls. The aperture is ovoid with the outer lip lacking striae. The columella is strongly inclined abaxially showing two folds, with the rim of the siphonal canal forming the third fold. There is no umbilicus.

## Distribution

Fossil shells from the Pliocene have been found in Italy and Southern Spain. Recent specimens have been found in deep waters of the Atlantic Ocean along Mauritania and the Western Sahara. The few recent shells found may be fossils dredged up recently.

## Scientific Classification

The Admetula italica is in the Animalia phylum of Mollusca, a prehistoric ancestor to many modern Cancellarioideas. The name Italica refers to the location in which the first of these fossils were discovered by D'Ancona in 1872, who was the first to describe it.
# Carrot and stick (disambiguation)

Carrot and stick is a metaphor relating to reward and punishment.
Carrot and stick may also refer to:
* "Carrot and Stick", an episode of Better Call Saul
* Carrots and Sticks (album), a 2019 album by Bish
* Carrots and Sticks, a book by Ian Ayres
# Carson Grove

Carson Grove is a neighbourhood in the east end of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The neighbourhood spans the former Ottawa-Gloucester boundary, which still forms the boundary between Rideau-Rockcliffe Ward and Beacon Hill-Cyrville Ward.
The neighbourhood was built in the early 1970s by the Campeau Corporation, and was named for John Carson, an early settler in the region. The neighbourhood was expanded in the mid-1990s with the building of Carson Village, which was developed by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.
The neighbourhood is roughly bounded on the west by the Aviation Parkway, on the North by Collège La Cité, on the South by Ogilvie Road and on the east by Blair Road. Some sources give Montreal Road as the northern boundary and Bathgate Road as the eastern border.
According to the Canada 2016 Census, the neighbourhood had a population of 2,918.

## Surrounding neighbourhoods

vtePlaces adjacent to Carson Grove :
Forbes
Rockcliffe Mews, Carson Meadows
Rothwell Heights
Cyrville
Carson Grove
Cardinal Heights
Ogilvie Walk :
# Carson Fordham Wells Jr.

Carson Fordham Wells Jr. (May 13, 1880 – August 30, 1956) was an American architect who designed buildings in the state of Utah, including the NRHP-listed Kanab Library.
Works include (probably, some yet to be confirmed):
* Box Elder County Courthouse, 1 N. Main St. Brigham City, UT (Wells, Carson), NRHP-listed9
* Brigham City Fire Station/City Hall, 6 N. Main St. Brigham City, UT (Wells, Carson F.), NRHP-listed
* Kanab Library, 600 South 100 E. Kanab, UT (Wells, Carson F. Jr.), NRHP-listed
* Howard Hotel (1914 remodelling of 1903 building), 35 S. Main St. Brigham City, UT (Wells, C. F.), NRHP-listed
# Minister for Energy (Western Australia)

Minister for Energy is a position in the government of Western Australia, currently held by Bill Johnston of the Labor Party. The position was first created after the 1959 state election, for the government of David Brand, and has existed in almost every government since then. The minister is responsible for Energy Policy WA (a standalone sub-department of the state's Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety), which oversees Western Australia's energy sector.

## Titles

* 2 April 1959 – 12 October 1971: Minister for Electricity
* 12 October 1971 – 6 July 1972 (two ministers): Minister for Electricity and Minister for Fuel
* 6 July 1972 – 1 April 1974: Minister for Electricity and Fuel
* 1 April 1974 – 16 February 1993: Minister for Fuel and Energy
* 16 February 1993 – present: Minister for Energy

## List of ministers

| Term start | Term end | Minister(s) | Party |
| 2 April 1959 | 31 January 1962 | Arthur Watts | Country |
| 1 February 1962 | 11 April 1962 | Edgar Lewis | Country |
| 11 April 1962 | 3 March 1971 | Crawford Nalder | Country |
| 3 March 1971 | 12 October 1971 | Colin Jamieson | Labor |
| 12 October 1971 | 6 July 1972 | Arthur Bickerton (Fuel) | Labor |
| 12 October 1971 | 6 July 1972 | Don May (Electricity) | Labor |
| 6 July 1972 | 8 April 1974 | Don May | Labor |
| 8 April 1974 | 5 March 1980 | Andrew Mensaros | Liberal |
| 5 March 1980 | 25 February 1983 | Peter Jones | National Country |
| 25 February 1983 | 23 December 1983 | Peter Dowding | Labor |
| 1983–1989: no separate minister – responsibilities held by the Minister for Minerals and Energy |||||
| 28 February 1989 | 5 February 1991 | Jeff Carr | Labor |
| 5 February 1991 | 16 February 1993 | Geoff Gallop | Labor |
| 16 February 1993 | 16 February 2001 | Colin Barnett | Liberal |
| 16 February 2001 | 10 March 2005 | Eric Ripper | Labor |
| 10 March 2005 | 3 February 2006 | Alan Carpenter | Labor |
| 3 February 2006 | 23 September 2008 | Fran Logan | Labor |
| 23 September 2008 | 21 March 2013 | Peter Collier | Liberal |
| 21 March 2013 | 17 March 2017 | Mike Nahan | Liberal |
| 17 March 2017 | 13 December 2018 | Ben Wyatt | Labor |
| 13 December 2018 | | Bill Johnston | Labor |
# Minna Mustonen

Minna Mustonen (born 26 July 1977) is a Finnish footballer who played as a midfielder. Mustonen represented the Finnish women's national football team 67 times and scored 7 goals. Mustonen was also part of the Finnish team at the 2005 European Championships.
She played for the Boston Renegades in 2000 and 2001.
# Minister for Rural Affairs

Minister for Rural Affairs may refer to:
* Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands, a Scottish Government position
* Minister for Rural Affairs (Sweden), a Swedish Government position
* Minister for Rural Affairs (Wales), a Welsh Government position
* Minister for Rural Affairs (New South Wales), former New South Wales Government ministry
# Wijaya Kusuma

Wijaya Kusuma is an administrative village in the Grogol Petamburan district of Indonesia. It has postal code of 11460.
# Ruginoasa, Iași

Ruginoasa is a commune in Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Dumbrăvița, Rediu, Ruginoasa and Vascani.

## Natives

* Gheorghe I. Brătianu
# Stokomani

Stokomani is a French clearance store chain. The off-price retailer, which was founded in 1961, has 86 stores in France. It sells products in five categories: fashion, health and beauty, homeware, toys and seasonal products.

## History

In 1961, Maurice Namani, a shepherd from Corsica, founded the company "Soldes na.ma.ni" in Paris. It quickly became a big name in buying and selling end-of-line clothes. Ten years later, the company opened its first store in Creil (Oise) followed by a second in La Seyne-sur-Mer in 1980. Although the clothing trade remained its core business, the company branched out into toys and the health and beauty sector. In 1995, it decided to develop its retail network: the company was revamped and renamed "Stokomani"... Today, it has 86 stores in France and is the French leader in large designer outlets. Its registered office is in Creil.

## Model and relationship with manufacturers

Stokomani's model is based on clearance. The retailer has two aims: meeting the needs of the general public, who want to shop smart but still enjoy the retail experience, and manufacturers, who need a reliable solution to maximize the distribution of end-of-line items. The products sold in Stokomani stores come from brands' and manufacturers' unsold stocks. These stocks are processed and repackaged to be sold in-store at more attractive prices for consumers.

## Trading concept and stores

Stokomani's concept is based on discounted designer brands. The idea is that customers can "shop smart" for products from major brands. The company's large stores cover 2,000 m$^2$ (22,000 sq ft) on average. Products are sold in five main categories: fashion and accessories, health and beauty, homeware and interior design, toys and leisure plus a seasonal department that changes throughout the year (gardening, camping, school supplies, Christmas decorations, etc.). The retailer has weekly product cycles, meaning that the items available in-store change every week. The stores stock nearly 20,000 products in partnership with 300 major brands.

## Supply chain

Stokomani works with over 300 suppliers in Europe and internationally. The company's first logistics platform adjoins the registered office with a second operated in Longueil-Sainte-Marie, taking its total logistic space to 80,000 m$^2$ (860,000 sq ft).

## Future and development

Stokomani is accelerating its store openings. Ten openings are planned each year. Many new customers are gained by word of mouth, which is an easy and effective way to reach a wider audience. The company's long-term ambition is to cover the entire country. Its revenue tops €440 million. Stokomani created 500 jobs this year and store staff are trained by an in-house provider, ESVEM.
# Argamum (castra)

Argamum was a coastal fort in the ancient Roman province of Moesia. It was near the ancient Greek and Roman city of Argamum. It is located on Cape Dolosman in Romania. It covered two and a half hectares.
# Sphalloeme costipennis

Sphalloeme costipennis is a species of longhorned beetle in the family Cerambycidae, found in Brazil, Argentina, and Honduras.
# Senator Whitney

Senator Whitney may refer to:
* Arthur Whitney (politician) (1871–1942), New Jersey State Senate
* George H. Whitney (1863–1928), New York State Senate
* James Scollay Whitney (1811–1878), Massachusetts State Senate
* Orson F. Whitney (1855–1931), Utah State Senate
# Vertumnus and Pomona (Pontormo)

Vertumnus and Pomona is a fresco decoration in the Medici country villa at Poggio a Caiano (near Montalbano), executed c. 1519–1521 by Jacopo Pontormo. The villa is set among orchards and gardens, and in summer, served as a retreat from the heat in Florence.
The fresco is contained within a lunette high in a barrel-vaulted central hall. The allegorical figures over the doors and the facing fresco depicting Julius Caesar, begun by Pontormo’s mentor, Andrea del Sarto, were completed decades later by Alessandro Allori. Pontormo initially received the commission from Ottaviano de' Medici and Cardinal Giulio de' Medici, the future Clement VII, and Giovanni de’ Medici (later pope as Leo X).
The painting depicts peasants, including a naked youth, picking fruit or lounging beneath trees in a walled framework. Putti garland the window. The stated theme is the classical myth of Vertumnus and Pomona taken from a story in Ovid's Metamorphoses. The myth is that of Pomona, a beautiful but aloof wood-nymph, shown with a sickle at right lower corner, who sheltered herself inside her orchard, dedicating herself to its cultivation while spurning all suitors. Vertumnus, either a demigod of seasons or a satyr, becomes taken with the nymph's beauty, but she ignores and rebuffs all his advances to enter her realm and remains a maiden. The mutable Vertumnus gains access to the orchard disguised or transformed into an old woman (depicted as an old man with a basket, however, in this fresco). Once inside, the myth relates that the disguised Vertumnus convinces Pomona, by means of allusive stories, to "carpe diem" and choose the handsome youth Vertumnus, who finally reveals his true form.
One interpretation of this fresco is that the allegory delicately counterposes the turns in the myth using a mirror fashion in each hemi-lunette by depicting a contrast of the elder-faced Vertumnus with the rapt Pomona, the youth with a basket and a turning maiden, and finally, the naked man aloft on the fence picking fruit from the same tree from which, at a distance, the maiden trims a branch while clothed in a red dress that suggests arousal. This is an elaborately seductive interpretation for this fresco that was created for a family closely associated with the papacy.
The imagery is an apt choice for this rural farm, however. It lacks the usual melancholy of Pontormo's religious canvases, and thus, is unique among his works. In some ways, this painting is aberrant in the prevailing current of Florentine painting of its time. Florentine painting, if not portraiture, often was intellectual, academic, and focused on allegory, mythology, or religious themes. Genre topics and still life studies were rare for the high-minded Florentines. In addition, nearly all Italian painting until that time depicted indoor settings or included urban landscapes, and if not, the landscape was unmemorable sfumato dissipating in the distance.
The summer season evoked by the fruit and the reposing figures in the fresco is powerful as well as soothing. The theme of the relaxed near-genre scene gently suggests fertility.
# Flashing Swords! 2

Flashing Swords! #2 is an anthology of fantasy stories, edited by American writer Lin Carter. It was first published in hardcover by Nelson Doubleday in 1973 as a selection in its Science Fiction Book Club and in paperback by Dell Books in February 1974. The first British edition was issued by Mayflower in February 1975.

## Summary

The book collects four heroic fantasy novelettes by members of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), an informal literary group of fantasy authors active from the 1960s to the 1980s, of which Carter was also a member and guiding force, together with a general introduction and introductions to the individual stories by the editor.

## Contents

* "Introduction: Flashing Swords and Black Magicians" by Lin Carter
* "The Rug and the Bull" (Pusad) by L. Sprague de Camp
* "The Jade Man’s Eyes" (Elric of Melniboné) by Michael Moorcock
* "Toads of Grimmerdale" (Witch World) by Andre Norton
* "Ghoul’s Garden" (Brak the Barbarian) by John Jakes

## Reception

The anthology was review by Carter himself in The Year's Best Fantasy Stories, 1975, and by Bert Duch in Amra v. 5, no. 65, April 1976.
# Minisci reaction

The Minisci reaction (Italian:) is a named reaction in organic chemistry. It is a nucleophilic radical substitution to an electron deficient aromatic compound, most commonly the introduction of an alkyl group to a nitrogen containing heterocycle. The reaction was published in 1971 by F. Minisci. In the case of N-Heterocycles, the conditions must be acidic to ensure protonation of said heterocycle. A typical reaction is that between pyridine and pivalic acid with silver nitrate, sulfuric acid and ammonium persulfate to form 2-tert-butylpyridine. The reaction resembles Friedel-Crafts alkylation but with opposite reactivity and selectivity.
The Minisci reaction often produces a mixture of regioisomers that can complicate product purification, but modern reaction conditions are incredibly mild, allowing a wide range of alkyl groups to be introduced. Depending on the radical source used, one side-reaction is acylation, with the ratio between alkylation and acylation depending on the substrate and the reaction conditions. Due to the inexpensive raw materials and simple reaction conditions, the Minisci reaction has found many applications in heterocyclic chemistry.

## Utility of the Minisci Reaction

The reaction allows for alkylation of electron deficient heterocyclic species which is not possible with Friedel-Crafts chemistry. A method for alkylating electron deficient arenes, nucleophilic aromatic substitution, is also unavailable to electron deficient heterocycles as the ionic nucleophilic species used will deprotonate the heterocycle over acting as a nucleophile. Again, in contrast to nucleophilic aromatic substitution, the Minisci reaction does not require functionalisation of the arene, allowing for direct C-H functionalisation.
Further to this, the generated alkyl radical species will not rearrange during the reaction in the way that alkyl fragments appended by Friedel-Crafts alkylation often will; meaning groups such as n-pentyl and cyclopropyl groups can be added unchanged. The alkyl radical is also a 'soft' nucleophile and so is very unlikely to interact with any 'hard' electrophiles (carbonyl species for example) already present on the heterocycle, which increases the functional group tolerance of the reaction.
The reaction has been the subject of much research in recent years, with a focus placed on improved reactivity towards a greater variety of heterocycles, increasing the number of alkylating reagents that can be used, and employing milder oxidants and acids.

## Mechanism

A free radical is formed from the carboxylic acid in an oxidative decarboxylation with silver salts and an oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent (ammonium persulfate) oxidizes the Ag(+) to Ag(2+) under the acidic reaction conditions. This induces a hydrogen atom abstraction by the silver, followed by radical decarboxylation. The carbon-centered radical then reacts with the pyridinium aromatic compound. The ultimate product is formed by rearomatization. The acylated product is formed from the acyl radical.
# Yuribey Bridge

The Yuribey Bridge (Russian: мост через Юрибей) is a 3.9-kilometre long (2.4 mi) railway bridge on the Obskaya–Bovanenkovo Line. It has two main spans of 150 metres (490 ft). The bridge was completed in 2009. It is the longest bridge above the Arctic Circle.
The bridge was constructed by Gazprom in a harsh environment including the need to build on permafrost, which required an innovative approach to the construction technique and bridge design. The bridge has to be much longer than the river width, because on permafrost, the water from melting snow does not sink into the ground, so the spring flows get quite strong.

## Construction

In accordance with information provided by the media, the construction of the bridge was successfully accomplished within a remarkably brief timeframe of 349 days, an impressive feat considering the complexity and magnitude of such structural endeavors. The completion of this remarkable project was marked in the month of April in the year 2009, and on the momentous date of June 4, 2009, the bridge witnessed its inaugural passage of esteemed individuals, including the distinguished presidential envoy in the Urals Federal District, Nikolai Vinnichenko, the esteemed Governor of Yamal, Jury Neyolov, as well as the accomplished CEO of Gazpromtrans, Vyacheslav Tyurin.
The completion of the bridge was a crucial step in the construction of the railway to the Bovanenkovo and marked the beginning of development at the Bovanenkovo oil and gas condensate field. The bridge itself is made up of 107 standard spans, each measuring 34.2 meters in length, along with 2 through trusses that are 110 meters long. These spans and trusses are supported by 110 bridge arms, which are constructed using metal pipes ranging from 1.2 to 2.4 meters in diameter and filled with reinforced concrete. In order to ensure the stability of the pillars in the permafrost, holes were drilled to depths of 20 to 40 meters. The total weight of the bridge exceeds 30,000 tons and it is designed to have a service life of 100 years.
# Admiral of the Sea (EP)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Admiral of the Sea is the first EP by the American alternative rock band Nova Mob, a band formed by former Hüsker Dü drummer Grant Hart. It was released in February 1991 by Rough Trade.

## Track listing

All songs written by Grant Hart, except where noted
* Track 5 is recorded live at La Dolce Vita, Lausanne, Switzerland, 13 May 1990

## Personnel

* Grant Hart – vocals, guitar, production
* Tom Merkl – bass, production
* Michael Crego – drums, production
* Dave Kent – production, engineering
* Steve Noonan – assistant engineering
* Steve McLellan – collage
* Flat Earth – sleeve layout
# Carrousel de Baronville

The Carrousel de Baronville is a group of buildings located in the hamlet of Baronville, close to the towns of Béville-le-Comte and Oinville-sous-Auneau, in France . The name refers to the château de Baronville, and to the equestrian vocation of the site.

## History

It was built in 1882 by the Marquis de Pomereu d'Aligre, who also rebuilt, a few years before, the château of the same name. In the end of the 19th century, the Carrousel de Baronville was considered to be one of the most modern and efficient farms of France, as well as a splendid ensemble, to host the numerous horses of the Marquis.
During the Second World War, a small part of the buildings was destroyed by fire.
In 2011, Count Aymeric de Rougé, great-grand son of the Marquis de Pomereu d'Aligre, restored (nearly "rebuilt") the Bretagne wing of the Carrousel de Baronville, in order to host weddings, events and seminars. It opened in 2012, after one year of refurbishments.
Since then, Aymeric de Rougé has been hosting charity events on a regular basis to raise funds for the local school "Ecole Saint Joseph d'Auneau", the national League against cancer "Ligue contre le cancer", the Fondation d'Aligre, or the local voluntary firefighters brigade.

## Links

* Official site of the Carrousel de Baronville
# Aditi Paul

Aditi Paul is an Indian playback singer. She is the playback voice behind the song Ang Laga De Re From the Hindi movie Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela, Veeron ke Veer Aa from Baahubali 2: The Conclusion, En Kadhaal from Tamil film Vaaraayo Vennilaave, En Mannava (Tamil Version) and Vo Manmadhaa (Telugu Version) from Rajinikanth starrer multilingual film Lingaa under the music direction of A. R. Rahman, Beliya from the film Mehrunisa V Lub U (Duet With Armaan Malik), Nadaniyan Kar Jati Hain, Khwabon Ko Ankhon Mein and anha Tanha Ghum Ke Dhunde Dil (Duet with Jubin Nautiyal) from the film Dil Jo Na Keh Saka and many more. In the debut season of Indian Idol in 2004, Aditi Paul was among the top 10 leading participants. She performs Live regularly in India and Abroad with her band.

## Early life and background

Born in Kolkata, her proficiency in singing was discovered by her parents at a very young age. Her entry into singing happened at a very early age through the hands of her mother. Her Aunt and Pt. Ajoy Chakraborty disciples of Ustad Munawar Ali Khan Sahab were her main inspiration. As she grew up she started her formal training of Classical Bengali Songs at the hands of Pt. Ajoy Chakraborty. She is currently training under Bhavdeep Jaipurwale in Mumbai.