OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elemicin

Elemicin is a phenylpropene, a natural organic compound, and is a constituent of several plant species' essential oils.

## Natural occurrence

Elemicin is a constituent of the oleoresin and the essential oil of Canarium luzonicum (also referred to as elemi). Elemicin is named after this tree. One study found it to compose 2.4% of the fresh essential oil. Elemicin is also present in the oils of the spices nutmeg and mace, with it composing 2.4% and 10.5% of those oils respectively. Structurally, elemicin is similar to myristicin, differing only by myristicin's methyl group that joins the two oxygen atoms that make up its dioxymethy moiety, with both constituents being found in nutmeg and mace.

## Isolation

Elemicin was first isolated from elemi oil using vacuum distillation. Specifically, the substance was collected between 162-165 °C at a reduced pressure of 10 torr.

## Preparation

Elemicin has been synthesized from syringol and allyl bromide using Williamson ether synthesis and Claisen rearrangement. The electrophilic aromatic substitution entering the para-position was made possible by secondary Cope rearrangement. This is due to syringol's allyl aromatic ether being blocked by ethers in both ortho-positions. When blocked the allyl group migrates to the para-position, in this case with yields above 85%.

## Uses

Elemicin has been used to synthesize the proto-alkaloid mescaline.

## Pharmacology

Raw nutmeg causes anticholinergic-like effects, which are attributed to elemicin and myristicin. Elemicin inhibits Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1) by metabolic activation. Elemicin is one of the main components in aromatic food and has antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral activities. Elemicin possesses genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Excess consumption of raw nutmeg results in delirium and disorientation.
Elemicin's psychoactivity is still a point of research, however some research suggests it may act like an agonist of the 5-HT2A receptors, similar to many psychedelics. However, this is controversial as the psychoactive effects of elemicin and plants it is found in, such as nutmeg, seem to cause more deliriant-like effects than psychedelic ones.
# Winifred Cavenagh

Winifred Elizabeth Cavenagh OBE (née Speakman; 12 November 1908 – 7 May 2004) was a British criminologist, social scientist, and academic. She joined the University of Birmingham as a lecturer in social studies in 1946 and was made Professor of Social Administration and Criminology in 1972: she retired from academia in 1976 and was appointed professor emeritus. Outside of her university career, she served as a local magistrate, on numerous boards, and, after study law and qualifying, worked as a barrister.

## Early life and education

Cavenagh was born 12 November 1908 in Manchester, England to Arthur Speakman and Ethel Speakman (née Butterworth). She was educated at Broughton and Crumpsall High School for Girls, a school in Salford, Greater Manchester. She studied economics at the London School of Economics, University of London, graduating with a Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree. After graduating, she undertook a further year of study at the University of Bonn. She was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree by the University of Birmingham in 1959 for her monograph The Child and the Court.

## Career

From 1931 to 1938 she worked as a sales manager at Lewis's, a chain of department stores. After two years employed in social work, she joined the Ministry of Labour as the chief welfare officer for Birmingham. She served in that role from 1941 till the end of the Second World War in 1945.
In 1946, Cavenagh joined the University of Birmingham as a lecturer in social studies. That year, she also became a co-opted expert member of the Birmingham City Council Education Committee. In 1960, she was promoted to senior lecturer. She spent 1971 as a visiting professor in criminology at the University of Ghana. Having returned to Birmingham, she was appointed Professor of Social Administration and Criminology in 1972. She retired from full-time academia in 1976 and was appointed emeritus professor.
In 1949, Cavenagh became a magistrate in the City of Birmingham. She choose to study law alongside her university teaching, and was called to the bar (qualifying as a barrister) at Gray's Inn in 1964. She served as a deputy chairperson at the magistrates' court from 1970 to 1978. She was added to the supplemental list, effectively retiring from her judicial duties, in 1978.

## Personal life

In 1938, the then Winifred Speakman married Hugh Cavenagh. The marriage brought one step son. Her husband predeceased her, dying in 1967.

## Honours

In the 1977 New Year Honours, Cavenagh was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to Wages Councils.

## Selected works

* Cavenagh, Winifred E. (1953). Four Decades of Students in Social Work.
* Cavenagh, Winifred E. (1959). The Child and the Court. London: Victor Gonnancz.
* Cavenagh, Winifred E. (1967). Juvenile Courts, The Child and the Law. London: Penguin Books.
# Winifred Carrick

Winifred Carrick (23 April 1892 – 1938?) was a New Zealand woman who was acquitted of child murder in February 1918, after the death of her three-year-old son Donald in December 1917. She was born (1892) and married (1919) as Mary Winifred Carrick.

## Circumstances of case (December 1917)

In May 1915, Carrick tried to abandon her infant son Donald Lewis Carrick by leaving him in a hollow tree on the banks of the Avon River in Christchurch, New Zealand. She was located and bail was set at two hundred pounds. She was unable to pay and served a two-year prison sentence. In the interim period, her son had been fostered out to the Burns family in Addington, a suburb of Christchurch. Upon her release, Carrick contacted the Burns and spent time with her three-year-old son, although she had stated that she was experiencing financial hardship and could not pay maintenance for her child. On the night of 10 December 1917, Donald went missing. On 11 December, he was found amidst potatoes in the Burns family garden at 31 Clifton Street with his head battered in. Carrick could not account for her whereabouts and moreover, her skirt, stockings and handbag had dirt particles adhering to them
Consequently, Carrick was charged with 'wilful murder' of her child and there was a resultant trial in Christchurch between December 1917 and February 1918. However, Justice Chapman noted that the prosecution had provided circumstantial evidence alone for the case in question and advised the jury that if it had any doubt about Carrick's culpability for the death of her son, they should return a 'not guilty' verdict. As it happened, the jury indeed had doubts about the evidence offered and returned a not guilty verdict, and so Carrick was acquitted of 'wilful murder' of her child.
Carrick married Charles Riley on 2 May 1919 and appears to have died in 1938.
# Elements of the Infinite

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| AllMusic | |
| Metal Injection | Positive |
Elements of the Infinite is the third studio album by American death metal band Allegaeon. The album was released on June 24, 2014 through Metal Blade Records. This is the band's first release with guitarist Michael Stancel and drummer Brandon Park, and last with original vocalist Ezra Haynes before his departure in 2015.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Allegaeon

## Personnel
### Allegaeon

* Ezra Haynes – lead vocals
* Greg Burgess – lead guitar, acoustic guitar, classical guitar, orchestration
* Michael Stancel – rhythm guitar
* Corey Archuleta – bass, backing vocals
* Brandon Park – drums

### Additional personnel

* Dave Otero – engineer, mastering
* Shane Howard – editing
* Joe Ferris – arranger, composer, orchestration, sequencing
* Collin Marks – artwork
* Brian James – layout

## Charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| US Heatseekers | 11 |
| US Hard Rock | 25 |
# IBM POWER (software)

POWER was an IBM operating system enhancement package that provided spooling facilities for the IBM System/360 running DOS/360 or retrofitted with modified DOS/360. Upgrades, POWER/VS and POWER/VSE were available for and the IBM System/370 running DOS/VS and DOS/VSE respectively. POWER is an acronym for Priority Output Writers, Execution processors and input Readers.$^{:p.1.1}$

## The product

POWER was an operating system enhancement available for DOS/360, DOS/VS, and DOS/VSE, and came packaged with some third party DOS-based operating systems. International Business Machines released POWER in 1969 following a public introduction at the IBM Wall Street Data Center.
It 'spooled' (queued) printer and card data, freeing programs from being dependent upon the speed of printers or punched card equipment.
POWER competed with non-IBM products, namely DataCorp's The Spooler and SDI's GRASP. Unlike the other products, POWER required a dedicated partition.
It allowed a single printer (1403/2311), punch (2520, 2540) or reader (2540, 2501) to be shared by two or more processing partitions. Input data was asynchronously loaded and directed to the proper partition by Job class. Output was directed to disk and stored there - then directed to a printer or punch by the writer type, (PRT, PUN), Job Class, Priority and form code. This was provided in PRT and PUN control cards in the input stream. Once the operator put the proper form in the printer/punch and told power to start (G PUN or G PRT on the console) the device would continue until no more output of that type was available. When a new form was encountered it would alert the operator to change forms and wait for the next go command.

## Platforms

The product ran on IBM systems from the S/360 Model 30 through larger machines. Generally the smaller machines that had less than 128K or Core memory (would be called RAM today but were actually magnetic cores strung on wire matrices) did not have the ability to run POWER. POWER/VS ran well on the later S/370 series - usually on the Models 135 and 145 and later on the 4331 and 4341.

### Software

The product ran under several DOS-related platforms:
* DOS/360
* DOS/VS
* DOS/VSE
* DOS/360 clones, 3rd party or modified

### Hardware

The hardware platforms included:
* IBM/360 which ran POWER
* IBM/370 which ran POWER/VS
and clones which included:
* Amdahl
* Fujitsu
* Hitachi
* Magnuson
* RCA
* Siemens
# Wolfgang Schumann (1887–1964)

Wolfgang Schumann (22 August 1887 in Dresden – 22 April 1964 in Freital) was a German writer and journalist.
Wolfgang was the son of Paul Schumann and the stepson of Ferdinand Avenarius. Both of these father figures had played a role in setting up the Dürerbund, a leading cultural organisation in Germany. His grandfather, Rudolf Doehn was a veteran Forty-Eighter who had fought in the American Civil War.
Schumann worked closely with Otto Neurath at the Deutsches Kriegswirtschaftsmuseum (German Museum of War Economy) in Leipzig. In December 1918, they both joined Hermann Kranold to produce the Programm Kranold-Neurath-Schumann whilst in Saxony. All three subsequently went to Bavaria, where Neurath was appointed President of the Central Economic Administration for the Bavarian Soviet Republic. However, Schumann soon left with the other Social Democrats.

## Works

* Das Schrifttum der Gegenwart und der Krieg, Flugschrift des Dürerbundes 137, München: Callwey, 1915
* Unser Deutschtum und der Fall Spitteler: Belege und Betrachtungen, Flugschrift zur Ausdruckskultur 135, München: Callwey, 1915
* Reform und Sozialisierung der Tagespresse, Flugschrift des Dürerbundes 183, München: Callwey, 1919
* Über den Dürerbund; Bemerkungen über Geschichte, Wesen u. Aufgabe d. Dürerbundes, München: Callwey, 1919
* Zur Volkshochschulfrage: Bemerkungen und Vorschläge vornehmlich über städtische Volkshochschuleinrichtungen nebst e. krit. Übers. über d. neuere Literatur, Flugschrift des Dürerbundes 184, München: Callwey, 1921
* Schauspielkunst und Schauspieler, Flugschriften des Dürerbundes 200, München: Callwey, 1926
* Geschlechtlichkeit und Liebe, Kunstwart-Bücherei 50, München: Callwey, 1928
# I'm So Blessed

"I'm So Blessed" is a song performed by American Christian country band Cain. The song impacted Christian radio in the United States on July 15, 2022, as the fourth single from their debut studio album, Rise Up (2021). The song was written by Jonathan Smith, Logan Cain, Madison Cain, Matthew West, and Taylor Cain. The production of the single was handled by David Leonard, Brad King, and Seth Talley.
"I'm So Blessed" peaked at number three on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.

## Background

Cain released "I'm So Blessed" to Christian radio in the United States on July 15, 2022. Being the fourth single from their debut album Rise Up (2021), "I'm So Blessed" follows previously released singles "Rise Up (Lazarus)," "Yes He Can," and "The Commission." On September 9, 2022, Cain released a new version of "I'm So Blessed" featuring rapper Aaron Cole. On October 13, 2022, the band released "I'm So Blessed (Best Day Remix)." On December 9, 2022, the band released I'm So Blessed (Child Of God Collection), an EP containing six versions of the song.

## Composition

"I'm So Blessed" is composed in the key of D with a tempo of 79 beats per minute and a musical time signature of $^4$ $_4$.

## Critical reception

Timothy Yap of JubileeCast opined that the song is "a little too self-absorbed lyrically," while ultimately being "saved by its infectious pop-centric chorus." 365 Days of Inspiring Media's Joshua Andre gave a positive review of the song, saying it is "a gospel infused worship anthem that basically recounts that our providence over us from God is because of who He is and not due to anything that we have done or will ever do."

## Commercial performance

"I'm So Blessed" made its debut at number 49 on the US Christian Airplay chart dated July 30, 2022.
"I'm So Blessed" debuted at number 13 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart dated January 7, 2023, being the highest ranking debut that week.

## Music videos

The official audio video of "I'm So Blessed" was published on Cain's YouTube channel on May 7, 2021. The official music video for "I'm So Blessed" premiered on Cain's YouTube channel on July 15, 2022. The music video was filmed on location in Sherman Oaks, California.
Cain released the "I'm So Blessed (Best Day Remix)" performance video filmed at K-Love on November 4, 2022, on YouTube. On December 15, 2022, Cain issued the official live performance video of the song via YouTube. The Song Session video of the song was availed by Essential Worship on January 27, 2023, to YouTube.

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "I'm So Blessed" :
| Region | Date | Version | Format | Label |
| United States | July 15, 2022 | Album | Christian radio | Provident Label Group |
| Various | September 9, 2022 | Aaron Cole Mix | Digital downloadstreaming | Provident Label Group |
| Various | October 13, 2022 | Best Day Remix | Digital downloadstreaming | Provident Label Group |
| Various | December 9, 2022 | EP | Digital downloadstreaming | Provident Label Group |
# Electoral district of West Kimberley

West Kimberley was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1890 to 1904.
Based in the western part of the Kimberley region, the district was one of the original 30 seats contested at the 1890 election. In 1898, its major settlements were Broome and Derby. It ceased to exist at the 1904 election, at which point it was amalgamated with the district of East Kimberley to form the new district of Kimberley.

## Members

| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | Alexander Forrest | Ministerial | 1890–1901 |
| | Sydney Pigott | Ministerial | 1901–1904 |
# Electoral district of West Adelaide

West Adelaide was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia from 1862 to 1902.
The electoral district was created when the Electoral district of City of Adelaide was abolished in 1862 and West Adelaide and East Adelaide were created. The district of Adelaide was ultimately recreated in 1902 by the recombination of West and East Adelaide.
It was created by the Electoral Districts Act (No. 20) of the South Australian parliament in 1861 but it was not until the state election of 1862 election that candidates were first elected to represent West Adelaide. The electorate at its creation included all of the City of Adelaide (South Adelaide, North Adelaide and the Adelaide parklands) west of the centres of King William Street, Poole street, John Street and O'Connell Street.
In 1872 the area of the electorate shrunk when the Electoral district of North Adelaide was created by excising those parts of East and West Adelaide south of the River Torrens.

## Members

| Member | Term | Member | Party | Term |
| James Verco | 1862–1865 | Emanuel Solomon | | 1862–1865 |
| James Boucaut | 1865–1868 | Henry Fuller | | 1865–1870 |
| William Simms | 1868–1870 | Henry Fuller | | 1865–1870 |
| John Darling Sr. | 1870–1871 | P. B. Coglin | | 1870–1871 |
| W. K. Simms | 1871–1876 | Judah Solomon | | 1871–1875 |
| W. K. Simms | 1871–1876 | Thomas Johnson | | 1875–1878 |
| John Darling Sr. | 1876–1878 | Thomas Johnson | | 1875–1878 |
| W. K. Simms | 1878–1881 | Hugh Fraser | | 1878–1884 |
| Charles Kingston | 1881–1900 | Hugh Fraser | | 1878–1884 |
| Charles Kingston | 1881–1900 | A. A. Fox | | 1884–1887 |
| Charles Kingston | 1881–1900 | Lawrence Grayson | | 1887–1893 |
| Charles Kingston | 1881–1900 | Lee Batchelor | Labor | 1893–1901 |
| Bill Denny | 1900–1902 | Lee Batchelor | Labor | 1893–1901 |
| Bill Denny | 1900–1902 | Francis Keogh | | 1901–1902 |
# 1994 in art

Events from the year 1994 in art.

## Events

* February 12 – Edvard Munch's painting The Scream is stolen, in Oslo (recovered on May 7).
* April 8 – Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes: Michelangelo's The Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel (Vatican City) is reopened to the public after 10 years of restoration.
* November 26 – The Ministry of Culture and Art in Poland orders exhumation of the presumed grave of absurdist painter, playwright and novelist Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (suicide 1939) in Zakopane. Genetic tests on the remaining bones prove that the body belongs to an unknown woman.

## Awards

* Archibald Prize: Francis Giacco – Homage to John Reichard
* Turner Prize: Antony Gormley

## Works

* Jake and Dinos Chapman – Great Deeds Against the Dead (sculpture)
* Martin Creed – Work No 88: A sheet of A4 paper crumpled into a ball
* Neil Estern – Statue of Fiorello H. La Guardia (sculpture, New York City)
* Helen Frankenthaler – All About Blue
* Frederick Hart – Statue of Jimmy Carter (sculpture, Atlanta)
* Damien Hirst – Away from the Flock
* Mary Ellen Howe - Pocahontas
* K Foundation – K Foundation Burn a Million Quid (performance art, Jura, Scotland)
* Lee Kelly – Angkor I (sculpture, Lake Oswego, Oregon)
* Sarah Lucas – Au Naturel (assemblage)
* Don Merkt – Driver's Seat (sculpture, Portland, Oregon)
* Odd Nerdrum – Woman Kills Injured Man
* Luis Royo – The Seeds of Nothing
* Rob Turner – Sutton Heritage Mosaic
* Bill Woodrow – In Awe of the Pawnbroker

## Births

* July 9 – Akiane Kramarik, American art and poetry prodigy.

## Deaths
### January to June

* February 5 – Ben Enwonwu, Nigerian painter and sculptor (b. 1917).
* February 6 – Jack Kirby, American comic book artist, writer and editor (b. 1917).
* February 11 – Max Leognany, French artist (b. 1913).
* February 12 – Donald Judd, American sculptor (b. 1928).
* March 22 – Walter Lantz, American cartoonist and animator (b. 1899).
* April 1 – Robert Doisneau, French photographer (b. 1912).
* April 14 – Jean Joyet, French artist (b. 1919).
* April 27 – Basil Goulandris, Greek shipowner and art collector (b. 1913).
* May 7 – Clement Greenberg, American art critic (b. 1909).
* May 9 – Anni Albers, German American textile artist and printmaker (b. 1899)
* May 12 – Sir Alfred Beit, 2nd Baronet, British politician, art collector and philanthropist and honorary Irish citizen (b. 1903).
* June 15 – Janko Brašić, Serbian painter (b. 1906).

### July to September

* July 3 – Felix Kelly, New Zealand-born British artist (b. 1914).
* July 20 – Paul Delvaux, Belgian painter (b. 1897).
* August 16 – Henry Geldzahler, American museum curator, (b. 1935)
* September – Bruce Ariss, American artist (b. 1911).
* September 23 – Rocco Borella, Italian painter (b. 1920).
* November 4 – Sam Francis, American painter and printmaker (b. 1923).
* November 8 – Marianne Straub, British textile designer (b. 1909).
* November 20 – Umaña, Colombian artist (b. 1908).
* December 31 – Leigh Bowery, Australian performance artist, club promoter, actor, model and fashion designer (b. 1961).

### Undated

* Li Yuan-chia, Chinese-born artist, poet and curator (b. 1929)
# I Can't Turn Around

"I Can't Turn Around" is a song written and originally performed by soul singer Isaac Hayes as the lead single from his 1975 album Chocolate Chip.

## House music cover versions

In 1986, a house music cover of the song by J.M. Silk reached number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart with lead vocals performed by Keith Nunnally. The single was the only US dance number one for J.M. Silk. It did also enter the UK singles chart in October 1986, peaking at number sixty-two, but was strongly outsold there by Farley "Jackmaster" Funk's reworked version of the song, entitled "Love Can't Turn Around". Farley's version copied elements of Hurley's arrangement with new lyrics by Vince Lawrence and vocals performed by Darryl Pandy, peaking at number ten in UK Top 75 and number fifteen on the US Dance chart.

## Official versions

* "I Can't Turn Around (LP Version)" - 3:57
* "I Can't Turn Around (House Mix)" - 7:35
* "I Can't Turn Around (Radio Mix)" - 3:23
* "I Can't Turn Around (House of Trix Mix)" - 8:59
* "I Can't Turn Around (Insane Mix)" - 4:08

## Charts and sales

| Chart (1986) | Peak position |
| UK Singles Chart | 62 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play | 1 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales | 9 |
# Women's Baseball Asian Cup

The Women's Baseball Asian Cup is the main competition for national teams of Asia in women's baseball.

## History

The World Baseball Softball Confederation announced in May 2017, that the first Women's Baseball Asian Cup will be held in Hong Kong within the same year. The tournament is to be hosted every two years and will serve as the Asian qualifiers for the Women's Baseball World Cup. Japan despite fielding only players under-18 years old, clinched the inaugural title.

## Results

| Year | Final Host | Final | Final | Final | Semi finalists | Semi finalists | Semi finalists | Number of teams |
| Year | Final Host | Champions | Score | Runners-Up | 3rd Place | Score | 4th Place | Number of teams |
| 2017 Details | Hong Kong | Japan | round robin | Chinese Taipei | South Korea | round robin | Hong Kong | 6 |
| 2019 Details | Zhongshan | Japan | 2 – 1 | Chinese Taipei | Philippines | 11 – 1 | China | 8 |
| 2023 Details | Hong Kong | Japan | 8 – 3 | Chinese Taipei | South Korea | 14 – 4 | Hong Kong | 12 |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Japan | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | Chinese Taipei | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | South Korea | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 4 | Philippines | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (4 entries) | Totals (4 entries) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 9 |

## Participating nations

| Nation | 2017 | 2019 | 2023 | Times participated |
| China | | 4 | 6 | 2 |
| Chinese Taipei | | | | 3 |
| Hong Kong | 4 | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| India | 5 | 7 | 7 | 3 |
| Indonesia | | | 8 | 1 |
| Japan | | | | 3 |
| Malaysia | | | 11 | 1 |
| Pakistan | 6 | 8 | 9 | 3 |
| Philippines | | | 5 | 2 |
| South Korea | | 5 | | 3 |
| Sri Lanka | | | 12 | 1 |
| Thailand | | | 10 | 1 |
| Total Participating Nations | 6 | 8 | 12 | |
# Wielgus, Poland

Wielgus is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazimierza Wielka, within Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Kazimierza Wielka and 73 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.