OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adams Glacier (Wilkes Land)

Adams Glacier (66°50′S 109°40′E﻿ / ﻿66.833°S 109.667°E﻿ / -66.833; 109.667), also known as John Quincy Adams Glacier, is a broad channel glacier in Wilkes Land, Antarctica which is over 20 miles (32 km) long. It debouches into the head of Vincennes Bay, just east of Hatch Islands. It was first mapped in 1955 by G.D. Blodgett from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump (1947), and it was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for John Quincy Adams, sixth President of the United States. Adams was instrumental while later serving as U.S. representative from Massachusetts in gaining congressional authorization of the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes, and perpetuating the compilation and publication of the large number of scientific reports based on the work of this expedition.
# ANS Radio

ANS Radio or ANS ChM (pronounced) was a private news and music radio station located in Baku, Azerbaijan, which broadcasts on the 102 frequency. The station also streams content over the Internet for free. ANS ChM was one of the first private and independent FM radio broadcasting service in the Caucasus and Central Asia regions when it was established in May 1994, and the station itself claims to be the first. The station currently broadcasts a mix of music, entertainment, and news.
ANS ChM is a component part of the Azerbaijan's largest independent TV and radio broadcaster ANS. The station was named after journalist and national hero of Azerbaijan Chingiz Mustafayev, who was killed in Nagorno-Karabakh war while filming for ANS, as reflected by the "ChM" in its title. ANS's founder and president is Vahid Mustafayev.
Radio as a medium is secondary to television in Azerbaijan, and ANS ChM functions as an affiliate to ANS TV, as is true for other private radio stations in the country that are all affiliates of a television station. ANS ChM has periodically been subject to closure by the State authorities, although the Government has claimed that the non-renewal of its license was due to the violation of certain communications laws.
It was finally closed down on 18 July 2016 together with ANS TV.
# Shrewsbury Road, Shifnal

Shrewsbury Road is a cricket ground in Shifnal, Shropshire, England. The first recorded match on the ground was in 1900, when Shifnal played Wolverhampton. Shropshire played their first Minor Counties Championship match at the ground against Cornwall in 1987. From 1987 to present, the ground has hosted 14 Minor Counties Championship matches and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.
The ground has also held 2 List-A matches. The first saw Shropshire play the Surrey Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. The second saw Shropshire play Oxfordshire in the 2002 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was played in 2001.
# Canterbury v. Spence

Canterbury v. Spence (464 F.2d. 772, 782 D.C. Cir. 1972) was a landmark federal case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit that significantly reshaped malpractice law in the United States. It established the idea of "informed consent" to medical procedures. The doctrine of informed consent has also been extended to pharmaceutical drugs, as demonstrated by the rulings in Reyes v. Wyeth Laboratories and McPherson v. Ellis.

## Background

Until the 1960s, it was conventional medical doctrine to withhold significant information from patients, particularly potentially upsetting information. It was common practice not to tell a patient they were dying, and even to deny it. When health care providers began to move away from that practice, many still did not fully inform patients who were about to make decisions about future health care and particularly surgery. Instead, many practitioners revealed only information that another physician might provide, following a rule known as "the professional standard". Risks, in particular, were often glossed over or omitted entirely. Although the right to consent in medical situations had been recognized for decades, the notion of informed consent was new.

## The case

Jerry Watson Canterbury (1939-2017) was an FBI clerk who suffered a ruptured disk in 1958. He received laminectomy by Dr. William T. Spence, a well-known Washington neurosurgeon, and as a result of the surgery, and a subsequent fall from his bed while hospitalized, he ended up paralyzed below the waist and incontinent. Canterbury sued for malpractice on the grounds of negligence.
He was discharged from the hospital three and a half months later, his legs partly paralyzed. During the 1968 trial, the defense argued that since Canterbury lacked expert testimony, the case could not proceed. This lack of testimony was likely the result of a "conspiracy of silence" that, at the time, prevented doctors from testifying against one another. Judge Spottswood W. Robinson III of the DC Circuit Court allowed the case to go to a jury, deciding both that an expert was not necessary in such cases and that the standard for informed consent was what a reasonable patient would want to know in rendering a decision. At the second trial, Spence acknowledged that he had told Canterbury and his mother only that the surgery might result in “weakness" without mentioning paralysis, and that he avoided a more specific warning so as not to deter the patient from pursuing the operation. Nevertheless, the jury ruled against Canterbury.

## Impact

According to Dr. Jacob M. Appel, "[t]he major legal implication of the decision...was that it largely shifted our culture from a ‘professional practice standard’ to a ‘reasonable person standard’ in malpractice cases, undermined the tradition and practice of physicians not testifying against each other, and largely opened the floodgates to the far more litigious medicolegal culture we have today."
# University of Plymouth Academic Partnerships

University of Plymouth Academic Partnerships is a partnership between the University of Plymouth, local colleges, and universities to deliver a range of higher education courses in the UK, as well as the Channel Islands, and at international institutions.

## History

The University of Plymouth Academic Partnerships began as a network of local colleges in 1989 with the Polytechnic South West. The polytechnic entered into partnership agreements with local FE colleges in Cornwall, Devon and Somerset to extend the provision of HE opportunities.
The initial intake was 450 students. By 1992, the polytechnic had become the University of Plymouth, and the network was devised as the University of Plymouth Colleges Network (UPC) in 2003.
In 2004, the UPC was launched as a faculty within the university with its own Dean, and by 2007, student numbers had reached 9,500 students.

### Present day

UPC has expanded international and was subsequently replaced by an international 'Academic Institutions Partnership' scheme ran and managed by the university.
Students studying at partner colleges in the UK have access to the University of Plymouth's library. All students at partner colleges have limited access to the University of Plymouth's student services, and full access to the online careers and employability system.

## Members

| Region | Region | Academic Partner |
| Europe | Channel Islands | Highlands College in Saviour, Jersey |
| Europe | Greece | Business College of Athens (BCA) Hellenic National Defence College (HNDC) |
| Europe | Switzerland | International Institute in Geneva |
| Europe | United Kingdom | Bridgwater and Taunton College BCNO Group: The British College of Osteopathic Medicine (BCOM), London AND The European School of Osteopathy (ESO), Kent City of Bristol College City College Plymouth Cornwall College in St Austell Dartington Trust, Totnes Exeter College MWS - HMTU, HMS Drake GSM London Institute for Export and International Trade, Peterborough MLA College, Plymouth Petroc in Barnstaple RILA Institute of Health Sciences, London South Devon College in Paignton Strode College in Street Truro and Penwith College Weymouth College |
| Asia | Asia | HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education (HKU SPACE), Hong Kong National School of Business Management, Sri Lanka Peninsula College Malaysia, Malaysia |
# CCGS Sipu Muin

CCGS Sipu Muin is a Canadian Coast Guard Type 400 AP1-88 air cushion vehicle (ACV) or hovercraft based at CCG Hovercraft Base Trois-Rivières in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. The vessel was launched and completed in 1998 and entered service the same year. Sipu Main is predominantly used for icebreaking, search and rescue, and for servicing navigational aids in the Lower Saint Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway.

## Description

Sipu Muin is a Type 400 BHC AP1-88/400 air cushion vehicle (ACV) or hovercraft, the first of two vessels constructed for the Canadian Coast Guard. Sipu Muin, which was constructed out of aluminium, has a standard displacement of 36 tonnes (35 long tons) standard and 70 t (69 long tons) at full load and measures 70 net tonnage (NT). The hovercraft is 28.5 metres (93 ft 6 in) long with a beam of 12 m (39 ft 4 in). The vessel has a main deck cargo capacity of 110 m$^2$ (1,200 sq ft) and a well deck measuring 8.2 m × 6.4 m (26 ft 11 in × 21 ft 0 in), serviced by a Polar Crane 5,000-kilogram (5.0 t) crane.
The ACV is powered by four Caterpillar 3416 TTA diesel engines turning two controllable-pitch propellers creating 2,818 kilowatts (3,779 hp). Sipu Muin has a maximum speed of 48 knots (89 km/h; 55 mph) and a cruising speed of 45 knots (83 km/h; 52 mph). The vessel has a range of 300 nautical miles (560 km; 350 mi) with the endurance of one day. The hovercraft has a complement of 7 with two officers.

## Construction and career

The contract to build Sipu Muin and sister ship Siyay was awarded in May 1996 to GKN Westland. The two hovercraft were built by Hike Metals & Shipbuilding Limited at their yard in Wheatley, Ontario. Sipu Muin was launched in 1998 and completed in August of that year. At the time of construction, Sipu Muin and Siyay were the largest diesel-powered hovercraft in the world. The name Sipu Muin is taken from the Miꞌkmaq phrase meaning "river bear". Sipu Muin entered service in 1998 and is based at Trois-Rivières, Quebec. Sip Muin is predominantly used for icebreaking duties in the Saint Lawrence River and St. Lawrence Seaway along with servicing navigational aids and search and rescue duties. The vessel is registered in Ottawa, Ontario.
Beginning on 10 May 2016, the ACV underwent a six-month refit at Réparations Navales et Industrielles Océan in Quebec City, Quebec. The modernization included hull repairs and modifications to the pilothouse. The electronic navigation suite was upgraded and the fuel bladders and skirting replaced.
# St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church

St. John the Evangelist Church is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Marquette and was the first Catholic Church to be built in Ishpeming, Michigan.

## History

The church was built under the direction of Father Honoratus Bourion, the pastor of St. Paul’s Church in Negaunee. The building of the church began in 1869 and was completed one year later. In the spring of 1927, the old wooden structure that had served the community for so many years was torn down. A new brick building was erected and on February 14, 1928, the new St. John’s was dedicated by Bishop Joseph G. Pinten, Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Grand Rapids.
The parish was originally a mission parish of St. Paul Parish in Negaunee. The French members of the parish left to form St. Joseph Parish in 1890. Its mission church, St. Pius X in North Lake, subsequently became its own parish.
# Adeline Leitzbach

Adeline Leitzbach (1884 – 1968), also known as Adeline Hendricks, was an American playwright and screenwriter who often worked in collaboration with other writers. She was active from the 1910s through the 1940s. She is best known for co-writing the film Notorious but Nice.

## Personal life

Born in Buffalo, New York, Leitzbach was the fourth child born to Maximilian Leitzbach and Fanny D'Morgel, and was the sole surviving child by the time of the 1910 census. With the death of her father in 1909, Leitzbach moved to the Bronx with her mother.

## Career

By the age of 22, in 1906, Adeline Leitzbach had already copyrighted one of her own plays and was listed as an author by 1910. Leitzbach had often been hired to collaborate on silent movie scripts and Broadway plays, where she wrote under the name of "Adeline Hendricks." During World War I, Leitzbach had many projects to her name, several of them making their way to the big screen. In 1922, Leitzbach met American actress and screenwriter Mae West, and eventually came to be known as a ghostwriter for West. In 1923, Adeline had worked on a woman's novel, "Wife in Name Only", and helped to adapt it to the screen. It was filmed as "Counterfeit Love" by Murray W. Garsson Productions. In the later years of her career, Adeline Leitzbach attempted to adapt her writing skills to the requirements of radio drama. The "Adeline Leitzbach Papers" span from 1924 to 1949, and primarily consisted of letters from the New York radio station WOR, concerning her script submissions and program ideas.

## Death

In 1968, Leitzbach died in New York, at the age of 84.

## Legacy

In May 2015, a massive lot of unpublished manuscripts, written by Leitzbach, were sold at an auction in Ithaca, New York for more than 500 U.S. dollars.

## Filmography
### Short films

* Diamonds and Pearls (1917)
* Stolen Honor (1918) (Co-Writer With George M. Scarborough)
* The Heart of Romance (1918) (Co-Writer With Frances Crowley)
* Her Price (1918) (Co-Writer With George M. Scarborough)
* The Liar (1918) (Co-Writer With Katharine Kavanaugh) (Uncredited)
* Counterfeit Love (1923) (Co-Writer With Thomas F. Fallon)
* Wife in Name Only (1923)
* I Am the Man (1924)
* Walls Tells Tails (1928) (Co-Writer With Irvin S. Cobb)
* Manhattan Knights (1928)
* Two Masters (1928) (Co-Writer With Rita Weiman)
* Montmartre Rose (1929)
* The Peacock Fan (1929) (Co-Writer With Arthur Hoerl)
* One Splendid Hour (1929) (Co-Writer With Sylvia Bernstein and Jacques Jaccard)
* The House of Secrets (1929)
* Notorious but Nice (1933) (Co-Writer With Carol Webster)
# A. Santha Kumar

A. Santha Kumar (1968/9 – 16 June 2021) was an Indian Malayalam language playwright and screenplay writer from Kerala state, South India. He won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama in 2010 for the work Maram Peyyunnu.

## Early life

He was born as the son of Imbichunni Master and Kalyani. He graduated from the Arts and Science College Kozhikode.

## Literary career

He had scripted and directed more than 60 plays and published five books. He composed the screenplay for the film Bhoomiyile Manohara Swakaryam.

## Works

* Maram Peyyunnu
* Karkkadakam
* Rachiyamma
* Karutha Vidhava
* Chirutha Chilathokke Marannu Poyi
* Kurudan Poocha
* Oru Desham Nuña Parayunu
* Nasser Ninte Perenthanu
* Sugha Nidhragalileeke
* Otta Rathriyuda Kamugimar

## Awards and honours

Santhakumar received Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award in 1999 for his work, Perum Kollan. He also received Nilambur Balan Award for his overall contribution to the field of drama. He received Kerala Sahitya Akademi endowment for his drama Kurudan Poocha, Thoppil Bhasi Award and Balan K Nair Award for his drama Chirutha Chilathokke Marannu Poyi, Atlas Kairali Award for his drama Mrigashala. He won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Drama in 2010 for his work Maram Peyyunnu, He also received the Kerala State Institute of Children's Literature Award. He received the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award for drama composition and direction, Bharat Murali Award of Bahrain Drama Theatre, and Pavanan Foundation Award in 2016. He also received Abu Dhabi Sakthi Award for his drama Karutha Vidhava and
Edasseri Award for his drama Nasser Ninte Perenthanu. His ‘Swapnavetta’ was published by Oxford University as ‘Dream Hunt’ and it was included in the degree syllabus of Kerala and Calicut universities. His drama Kakkakinavu's English translation was also published by Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters' bimonthly journal, Indian Literature.

## Death

He died on 16 June 2021, at the age of 52 while undergoing treatment for leukaemia and had been confirmed to have COVID-19. He was cremated at West Hill crematorium.
# Abdul Azim Wazir

Abdul Azim Wazir was the governor of Cairo in Egypt, and he was governor of Damietta Governorate, he is a professor of criminal law and the former dean of the Faculty of Law Mansoura University.
# Silver Medallion (horse)

Silver Medallion (foaled May 1st, 2008) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse and the winner of the 2011 Tropical Turf Handicap.

## Career

Silver Medallion's first race was on August 4, 2010, at Saratoga, where he came in first. He picked up his next win on December 31, 2010, by winning the Eddie Logan Stakes.
Silver Medallion started off the 2011 year with a February 12th, 2011 victory at the El Camino Real Derby. In April, he competed in the 2011 Santa Anita Derby, but placed in 4th.
It took him 3 more races before he picked up another win at his last race of the year - the 2011 Tropical Turf Handicap in December.
Silver Medallion followed his victory up win a win the following month at the 2012 Fort Lauderdale Stakes.
His final race was at the February 11th, 2012 Gulfstream Park Turf Handicap, where he finished in 7th.
Silver Medallion was injured during training and was retired in May 2012.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Silver Medallion (USA), 2008 :
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silver Deputy (CAN) 1985 | Deputy Minister | Vice Regent |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silver Deputy (CAN) 1985 | Deputy Minister | Mint Copy |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silver Deputy (CAN) 1985 | Silver Valley | Mr. Prospector |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silver Deputy (CAN) 1985 | Silver Valley | Seven Valleys |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silveroo (USA) 1992 | Silver Hawk | Roberto |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silveroo (USA) 1992 | Silver Hawk | Gris Vitesse |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silveroo (USA) 1992 | Hey Mama | High Tribute |
| Sire Badge of Silver (USA) 2000 | Silveroo (USA) 1992 | Hey Mama | Pat's Mama |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Stalwart (USA) 1979 | Hoist the Flag | Tom Rolfe |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Stalwart (USA) 1979 | Hoist the Flag | Wavy Navy |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Stalwart (USA) 1979 | Yes Dear Maggy | Iron Ruler |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Stalwart (USA) 1979 | Yes Dear Maggy | Yes Dear |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Lucy Sims (USA) 1984 | Northjet | Northfields |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Lucy Sims (USA) 1984 | Northjet | Jellatina |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Lucy Sims (USA) 1984 | Join The Waves | Sailor |
| Dam Another Vegetarian (USA) 1995 | Lucy Sims (USA) 1984 | Join The Waves | Nato |
# Olaf B. Paulson

Olaf Bjarne Paulson (born 22 July 1940 in Copenhagen, Denmark) is a Danish neuroscientist.
Holding an MD (1966) and DMSc (1970) at Copenhagen University, he worked in collaboration with Niels A. Lassen. His research focused on the physiology and pathophysiology of the cerebral circulation and metabolism. In the 1990s the research moved into positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR). Former Chairman at the Neurology Department at Rigshospitalet (1979-94), he was establisher and leader of the Neurobiology Research Unit in 1995. He is leading the Magnetic Resonance center at Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen and the chairman of the Danish Neurological Society.
# Ivor Griffiths

Ivor Griffiths (19 June 1918 – October 1993) was a Welsh footballer.
Griffiths made one appearance in The Football League for Chester in December 1946 in a 1–2 defeat at Rochdale. He had previously been with Tottenham Hotspur and he later joined Oswestry Town.
# Miniature Self-Defense Missile

The Miniature Self-Defense Missile (MSDM) is a US Air Force concept for a weapon designed to take out anti-aircraft missiles. Lacking a warhead, it requires a direct impact to destroy its target. It was first announced in 2015 and is being developed by Raytheon with first fly test expected by 2023.

## Similar projects

* Hard Kill Self Protection Countermeasure System (HKSPCS) (US Navy)
* Hard Kill Defensive Aid System (HK-DAS) (MBDA)
# Michael Ashby

Michael George Corbett Ashby, MRCP, FRCP (1 November 1914 – 10 December 2004) was a consultant neurologist at the Whittington Hospital, London and an expert witness for the prosecution in the failed trial of suspected serial killer John Bodkin Adams.

## Life

Ashby (always known as "Mike") was born in London, the son of Arthur Brian Ashby, a barrister and company chairman, and Dame Margery Corbett-Ashby. He was educated at Ashdown House Preparatory School and at Oundle School. He studied medicine at New College, Oxford, and at the London Hospital. Whilst at Oxford he rowed in the boat that won the Boat Race in 1936 and 1937. At London Hospital he was United Hospitals light-heavyweight boxing champion for two successive years.

## Career

After qualifying, he was a house physician before joining the RAMC, where he served from 1943 until 1947, becoming a medical specialist in 1945.
On discharge from the Army in 1947 he worked at the National Hospital before returning to London Hospital as senior registrar to Russell Brain and Ronald Henson. In 1949 he was appointed consultant neurologist to the Whittington Hospital in north London, where he remained until his retirement in 1975. He succeeded Macdonald Critchley as consultant neurologist to the Royal Masonic Hospital in 1965, also retiring from there in 1975.
He also had a private Harley Street practice which involved much medico-legal work. He gave evidence in the Guenther Podola and John Bodkin Adams murder trials. His evidence in the latter in 1957 has been criticised for being too indecisive. While fellow witness Dr Arthur Douthwaite was adamant Adams had killed the victim, Edith Alice Morrell, Ashby was more hesitant. In summing up, the judge called Ashby "the key witness", one "coming between the extremes", whose "border-line evidence" made it unsafe to convict. Adams was acquitted of the Morrell charge but was due to be tried for the murder of Gertrude Hullett straight after. The prosecutor, Reginald Manningham-Buller, withdrew the charge however by entering a nolle prosequi – partly because – in his words – the case would again be "based on the evidence of Dr Ashby".
Adams was thought by Home Office pathologist Francis Camps to have killed 163 patients.

## Family

In 1944 Ashby married Pamela Mary Roffey. They had two sons and two daughters. Their elder daughter, Charlotte, died in a car crash in 1966, the day before her 21st birthday. In October 1982 Ashby and his wife were interviewed by the historian, Brian Harrison, primarily about his mother, as part of the Suffrage Interviews project, titled Oral evidence on the suffragette and suffragist movements: the Brian Harrison interviews.

## Personal interests

Ashby was a freemason and director of ceremonies at the London Hospital Lodge.