OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas write rule

In computer science, particularly the field of databases, the Thomas write rule is a rule in timestamp-based concurrency control. It can be summarized as ignore outdated writes.
It states that, if a more recent transaction has already written the value of an object, then a less recent transaction does not need to perform its write since the more recent one will eventually overwrite it.
The Thomas write rule is applied in situations where a predefined logical order is assigned to transactions when they start. For example, a transaction might be assigned a monotonically increasing timestamp when it is created. The rule prevents changes in the order in which the transactions are executed from creating different outputs: The outputs will always be consistent with the predefined logical order.
For example, consider a database with 3 variables (A, B, C), and two atomic operations C := A (T1), and C := B (T2). Each transaction involves a read (A or B), and a write (C). The only conflict between these transactions is the write on C. The following is one possible schedule for the operations of these transactions:
    ${\begin{bmatrix}T_{1}&T_{2}\\&Read(A)\\Read(B)&\\&Write(C)\\Write(C)&\\Commit&\\&Commit\end{bmatrix}}\Longleftrightarrow {\begin{bmatrix}T_{1}&T_{2}\\&Read(A)\\Read(B)&\\&Write(C)\\&\\Commit&\\&Commit\\\end{bmatrix}}$
If (when the transactions are created) T1 is assigned a timestamp that precedes T2 (i.e., according to the logical order, T1 comes first), then only T2's write should be visible. If, however, T1's write is executed after T2's write, then we need a way to detect this and discard the write.
One practical approach to this is to label each value with a write timestamp (WTS) that indicates the timestamp of the last transaction to modify the value. Enforcing the Thomas write rule only requires checking to see if the write timestamp of the object is greater than the time stamp of the transaction performing a write. If so, the write is discarded
In the example above, if we call TS(T) the timestamp of transaction T, and WTS(O) the write timestamp of object O, then T2's write sets WTS(C) to TS(T2). When T1 tries to write C, it sees that TS(T1) < WTS(C), and discards the write. If a third transaction T3 (with TS(T3) > TS(T2)) were to then write to C, it would get TS(T3) > WTS(C), and the write would be allowed.
# Mark Mitchell Campbell

Mark Mitchell Campbell (December 31, 1897 – June 21, 1963) was a barnstormer, movie stunt man, Lockheed executive from 1934 to 1960. He was the co-founder of the Silver Wings Fraternity in California.

## Biography

He was born on December 31, 1897.
For Evelyn Trout, a prototype of the Bone Gold Eagle, serial number C-801, was designed by R.O. Bone and Campbell.
He died on June 21, 1963. Campbell was buried in the Portal of Folded Wings Shrine to Aviation.
# Marko Orlandić

Marko Orlandić (Cyrillic: Марко Орландић; 28 September 1930 – 20 December 2019) was a high-ranking Montenegrin politician in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) during the 1970s and '80s. He was born in Seoca, Yugoslavia (now in Montenegro).
For two terms, 1969–1971 and 1971–1974, Orlandić was a member of the Federal Executive Council of SFRY. He was the President of the Executive Council of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro from May 1974 to May 1978. From 1978 to 1982, he served as Ambassador of SFRY in Soviet Union (USSR).
He was the President of the Presidency of Montenegro from May 1983 to May 1984. From July 1984 to April 1986, he was the President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Montenegro and a member of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY). In 1986, he was again elected as a member of the Presidency of the LCY. He held the post until his resignation on 1 February 1989. His resignation came after a series of demonstrations in Montenegro in the second half of 1988 and January 1989, orchestrated by the Serbian leader Slobodan Milošević and his followers. The demonstrations resulted in a collective resignation of the party and government leadership of Montenegro and Montenegrin representatives in the highest bodies of the Yugoslav government and party.
After the breakup of SFR Yugoslavia and the creation of a new Yugoslavia consisting only of Serbia and Montenegro, Orlandić promoted full independence for Montenegro. He authored three books in Serbo-Croatian: U Vrtlogu (1997), U Predvecerje Sloma (2002), and Crnogorsko Posrtanje (2005).
Orlandić died in Podgorica, Montenegro on December 20, 2019, at the age of 89.
# Neosybra cribrella

Neosybra cribrella is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1873.
# North Shore (New Brunswick)

The North Shore is a region in the northeastern part of the Canadian province of New Brunswick.
Specifically, it refers to the province's northern shoreline which borders Chaleur Bay, a sub-basin of the Gulf of St. Lawrence as well as the estuary portion of the Restigouche River, including all coastal communities between Tide Head and Lameque Island. The North Shore faces the southern shore of Quebec's Gaspe Peninsula.
The area contains the northwestern coast of the Acadian Peninsula in Gloucester County, a predominantly French-speaking area, as well as English-speaking areas in the cities of Bathurst and Campbellton and the town of Dalhousie.
The North Shore is also the home of the Mi'kmaq Eel River Bar First Nation.
The geographic area of the North Shore is sometimes expanded to include areas along New Brunswick's east coast on the Gulf of St. Lawrence from Lameque Island to Miramichi Bay and sometimes to include the estuarine portions of the Miramichi Valley around the city of Miramichi.

## Other references

* The name "North Shore" will always be remembered in connection with the North Shore Regiment of the Canadian Army which had 70 battle honours in World Wars I and II. It was part of the Royal New Brunswick Regiment from 1954 to 2012 as the 2nd Battalion, RNBR (North Shore), but is now again a distinct regiment, the North Shore Regiment.
* The name "North Shore" was used in the North Shore Leader, a weekly newspaper published from 1906-1978 before being renamed to the Miramichi Leader.
# Bruce L. Gordon

Bruce L. Gordon (born 1963) is a Canadian philosopher of science (physics), metaphysician and philosopher of religion. He is a proponent of intelligent design and has been affiliated with the Discovery Institute since 1997.

## Biography
### Early life and education

Gordon was born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada in 1963.
Gordon earned two undergraduate degrees, one in piano performance at the Royal Conservatory of Music at the University of Toronto in 1982 and another in applied mathematics at the University of Calgary in 1986. He was awarded a master's degree in analytic philosophy from the University of Calgary in 1988. He moved to the United States for graduate study in 1988, and has been a permanent resident ever since. In 1990, Gordon received a master's degree in apologetics and systematic theology from Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. Finally, he was awarded a Ph.D. from Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois in the history and philosophy of science (physics) in 1998.

### Career

In 1997 he became an affiliate of the Discovery Institute.
He was a visiting assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Notre Dame and a Fellow in the Center for Philosophy of Religion at Notre Dame in 1998–99.
In 1999 he was appointed as a non-tenured associate research professor at Baylor University, and was appointed as associate director of the short-lived Michael Polanyi Center there, which was directed by William Dembski. The center was a step forward in the Discovery Institute's wedge strategy in that it established a beachhead for intelligent design within a major US university. The Baylor faculty rejected the Center in 2000, Dembski was removed as director, and Gordon was appointed interim director. By 2001 the center had been renamed The Baylor Science and Religion Project and placed under the institute.$^{:378}$ By 2002 it had been again renamed to the Baylor Center for Science, Philosophy and Religion, still with Gordon at its head.
Gordon left Baylor in 2005 to join the Discovery Institute and by 2008 was the director of its Center for Science and Culture.
Gordon is a known proponent of intelligent design and Fellow of the International Society for Complexity, Information and Design (ISCID). He was the managing editor of the moribund Access Research Network journal Origin and Design, as of its last issue (20:1)$^{:176}$ and an associate editor of the likewise moribund ISCID journal.$^{:213}$
In April 2010 Gordon was named Associate Professor of Science and Mathematics at The King's College, New York.
In 2012, he started working at Houston Baptist University.
# Halorhabdus utahensis

Halorhabdus utahensis is a halophilic archaeon isolated from the Great Salt Lake in Utah.

## Cell structure and metabolism

Halorhabdus utahensis (salt-loving rod) is a motile, Gram-negative, extremely halophilic archaeon that forms red, circular colonies. It grows at the temperatures between 17 and 55 °C, with optimal growth occurring at 50 °C. It can also grow over a pH range of 5.5–8.5 with the optimal pH value between 6.7 and 7.1. Further, with its extremely high salinity optimum of 27% NaCl, Halorhabdus has one of the highest reported salinity optima of any living organism.
The cells of H. utahensis are extremely pleomorphic, exhibiting any shape from irregular coccoid or ellipsoid to triangular, club-shaped or rod-shaped forms. The rod-shaped and ellipsoid cells are 2-10 by 0.5-1 μm and 1-2 by 1 μm in size, respectively, and the spherical cells have a diameter of approximately 1 μm. The archaeon uses only a limited range of substrates, such as glucose, xylose, and fructose, for growth, and is unique in its inability to utilize yeast extract or peptone. Other substances that did not stimulate the organism's growth include organic acids, amino acids, alcohols, glycogen, and starch.
# Margaret Courtenay, Baroness Herbert

Lady Margaret Courtenay (c. 1499 – before 1526) was the only daughter of William Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon and Catherine of York. Her maternal grandparents were Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. Margaret was a younger sister of Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter. Their maternal first cousins included among others, Arthur, Prince of Wales, Margaret Tudor, Queen consort of Scotland, King Henry VIII of England, and Mary Tudor, Queen consort of France. When she was young she was partly raised under the protection of her aunt Elizabeth of York and lived in 1502 at the Queen's residence at Havering Palace.
She was married to Henry Somerset, elder son and heir of Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester and Elizabeth Herbert, 3rd Baroness Herbert. Later local tradition at Devon mentioned her choking on a fishbone at Holcombe in 1512; an inscription on her tomb would seem to confirm this yet the tomb could be of a different Margaret. However, there is information of her living in Richmond on 2 July 1520, when she is mentioned attending to her young first cousin, once removed, Princess Mary Tudor.
Her husband became Baron Herbert in 1507. When he became Earl of Worcester in 1526, his countess was his second wife Elizabeth Browne, allegedly an ex-mistress of Henry VIII's. Margaret seems to have died in the 1520s but no more specific date is known. Margaret and Somerset had no children; although some sources claim that she was the mother of Lucy.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Margaret Courtenay, Baroness Herbert :
# Orbod mebej

Orbod Mebej is the first studio album from the Serbian hip-hop group, Bad Copy. It was released in 1996.

## Track listing

* Intro (1:23)
* Bad Copy ride (5:11)
* Disciplina kicme (3:57)
* Gedza (4:17)
* Kurslus (3:40)
* Nista od repovanja (2:51)
* Profuknjaca (3:10)
* Zabaci domacine (4:04)
* Outro (1:27)
# Uppsala Synod

The Uppsala Synod in 1593 was the most important synod of the Lutheran Church of Sweden. Sweden had gone through its Protestant Reformation and broken with Roman Catholicism in the 1520s, but an official confession of faith had never been declared.

## History

The synod was summoned to Uppsala by Duke Charles, heir to the Swedish throne. Four bishops and over 300 priests were also present. The synod was opened on March 1, by Nils Göransson Gyllenstierna, and on the following day Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis, a professor of theology at the Uppsala University, was elected chairman.
By March 5, the synod had decided to declare the Holy Scripture the sole guideline for religion. The three creeds—the Apostles', the Nicene, and the Athanasian—were officially recognized, and the unaltered Lutheran Augsburg Confession (1530) was adopted.
After the unanimous acceptance of the unaltered Augsburg Confession, Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis, who was presiding, exclaimed, "Now Sweden is one man, and we all have one Lord and God."
Another important decision was that only the Lutheran doctrine was to be allowed; Calvinism, Roman Catholicism, and Zwinglianism were all officially banned. The Catholic-inclined liturgy of King John III of Sweden (1537–1592) was also rejected.
On March 15, Abraham Angermannus was elected Archbishop of Uppsala.
The meeting closed on March 20, after its decrees were signed—first by Duke Charles, members of the council, and bishops, and then by representatives from all over the country.
In the international book series Corpus Christianorum, a critical edition of the synod's decision is published together with a detailed commentary in English.

## Signatories of the Uppsala Synod

Signatories of the Uppsala Synod were, among others:
* Christopherus Stephani Bellinus
* Johannes Stephani Bellinus
* Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis
* Laurentius Paulinus Gothus
* Olaus Canuti Helsingius
* Petrus Kenicius
* Olaus Martini
* Erik Sparre
* Ericus Erici Sorolainen
# Louis Marie Quicherat

Louis-Marie Quicherat (13 October 1799 – 17 November 1884) was a French Latinist best known for his Latin Dictionary. He is referenced in the short story "Funes the Memorious" by Jorge Luis Borges.
* This biographical article about a French academic is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Louis Marie Cordonnier

Louis Marie Cordonnier (July 7, 1854, Haubourdin, Nord – 1940) was a French architect, born in Haubourdin and associated principally with Lille and the French Flanders region. He was influenced by Viollet le Duc.

## Biography

Son of the architect Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier (1820–1902), Cordonnier studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He returned to Lille for his first major commission, the 1881 town hall of Loos. His chosen style was a strongly regional Flemish Renaissance Revival in brick, with a characteristic belfry tower.
Further civic commissions in the area culminated in Cordonnier's best known work, the Peace Palace in The Hague, seat of the International Court of Justice. There his neo-Flemish entry won a design competition against far more modern competitors like Hendrik Berlage and Otto Wagner. The jury's choice proved controversial enough to fuel lawsuits for seven years.
Cordonnier alternated his regional Flemish style with occasional essays in the neo-classical Beaux-Arts style so prevalent in Paris during these years. In Lille the architect's Flemish Chamber of Commerce building of 1910–21 stands twenty paces away from his Beaux-Arts Opéra de Lille of 1903–14, its design said to be inspired by Garnier's Paris Opera.
In the wake of the widespread destruction of World War I in this part of France, Cordonnier took the lead in efforts to rebuild civic buildings and local churches in strictly traditional style, although not averse to using structural concrete. Towards the end of his career he was joined in practice by his son, Louis-Stanislas Cordonnier (1884–1960).

## Work

His work includes:
* the Opéra de Lille, built 1903-1914
* Notre-Dame-de-Lille Pellevoisin, Lille, 1906–1911
* the Peace Palace in The Hague, 1907–1913
* series of seaside mansions and villas at Neufchâtel-Hardelot, circa 1908-1912
* Chamber of Commerce de Lille, 1910–1921
* basilica and memorial building, Notre Dame de Lorette war cemetery, 1921–1927
* the Basilica of St. Thérèse, Lisieux, the second-largest pilgrimage site in France, after Lourdes, 1923–1959
* Church of St. Vaast, Béthune, 1924–1927
* Church of St. Vaast, Bailleul, 1935
* Grands bureaux de la Société des Mines headquarters, in Lens, Pas-de-Calais, with landscape architect Achille Duchêne, 1928–1930, now part of Artois University
* four of the Belfries of Belgium and France designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Of the 23 such municipal towers within Nord-Pas-de-Calais and the Somme, Cordonnier designed those in Loos, Dunkirk, Comines, and Armentières.

## Gallery

* Opéra de Lille
* Basilica of St. Thérèse, Lisieux
* Chamber of Commerce, Lille
* Peace Palace in The Hague
* Church of St Vaast, Bailleul

## Sources

* ↑ France 3 (2018). "Histoires 14-18 : Louis-Marie Cordonnier, l'architecte de la reconstruction". Radio France Info (in French).{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* ↑ Lens Tourisme: Grands bureaux de la Société des Mines.
# Peter Kaiser (historian)

Peter Kaiser (1 October 1793 – 23 February 1864) was a historian and statesman from Liechtenstein.

## Life

Kaiser was born in Mauren, in the Principality of Liechtenstein as one of eleven children. He studied languages and history in Feldkirch, Vienna and Freiburg/Breisgau.
Kaiser became known as a proponent of the rights of the common people or serfs in his home country. In 1820, during the Congress of Vienna, he promoted German unification and rights issues. Due to the unpopularity of this stand in an age of imperialism, he was subsequently forced out of Germany. Kaiser moved to Switzerland and became a professor in Hofwil (Bern). In 1836, he taught in Aarau and then in Disentis, in the Grisons.
In 1843, Kaiser was appointed as a representative to Prince Alois in Vienna. Kaiser published History of The Principality of Liechtenstein in 1846, which was initially banned in Liechtenstein, but the ban was later lifted by Prince Alois.
In 1848, Kaiser was named as the representative of the Principality’s Diet to the Parliament of Frankfurt. During this year, the political climate changed dramatically in Europe, and the citizens of Liechtenstein began demanding a liberalization of their rights under the constitution, including free elections. Initially, Prince Alois promised constitutional reform and a public works program, but this did not abate the revolutionary ferver. Kaiser, who was a member of the local revolutionary committee, sought to avoid violence by appealing directly to the Prince, and due to his standing, was heard. Open violent revolution was thus avoided and genuine changes were enacted.
After this success, Kaiser turned from politics back to teaching. On 23 February 1864, Kaiser died in Chur, Switzerland. Kaiser is credited with helping to define the "Liechtenstein identity", and a memorial to him was erected in Mauren in 1955.
# Euzophera cinerosella

Euzophera cinerosella is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Zeller in 1839. It is found in most of Europe (except the Benelux, Ireland, Portugal and Ukraine), Turkey, Russia and China.
The wingspan 23–28 mm. Adults are on wing from May to August.
The larvae feed on Artemisia absinthium. They feed internally in the roots.
# Euzophera conquassata

Euzophera conquassata is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Roesler in 1970, and is known from Mongolia.
# Lottery (2018 film)

Lottery (Persian: لاتاری) is a 2018 Iranian romance thriller drama film directed by Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian and written by Ebrahim Amini and Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian. The film screened for the first time at the 36th Fajr Film Festival.

## Plot

Amir Ali and Nooshin are two youngsters who are in love and want to get married. Their families are not in agreement with this plan. The two youngsters both have only one dream, to win the Lottery and get a green card and move to the United States.

## Cast

* Saed Soheili as Amir Ali
* Hadi Hejazifar as Mousa
* Hamid Farrokhnezhad as Morteza
* Ziba Karamali as Nooshin
* Javad Ezzati as Nima
* Nader Soleimani as Naeem
* Alireza Ostadi as Reza Beigi
* Mahdi Zaminpardaz as Sami
* Behzad Foroutan as Saman
* Hamidreza Hedayati as Amir Ali's Father
* Mahsa Bagheri as Nasrin
* Amir Hossein Hashemi as Sasan
* Gholamreza Shahbazi as The Prosecutor

## Reception
### Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| 2018 | Fajr Film Festival | Best Visual Effects | Sina Ghavidel | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Special Jury Prize | Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian | Won |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Film | Lottery | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Director | Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Actor (Film) | Saed Soheili | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Actor (Film) | Hadi Hejazifar | Won |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Actor (Film) | Javad Ezzati | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Editor | Hossein Jamshid Gohari & Sajad Pahlavan Zadeh | Won |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Original Score | Habib Khazaeifar | Nominated |
| 2018 | Hafez Awards | Best Original Song | "Where Should I Go" by Roozbeh Bemani | Nominated |
| 2018 | Iran's Film Critics and Writers Association | Best Actor in a Supporting Role | Hadi Hejazifar | Nominated |
# Eurygnathohippus woldegabrieli

Eurygnathohippus woldegabrieli is an extinct species of prehistoric horse. The 4.4 to 4.2 million-year-old fossils of its teeth and bones were found in 2001 and 2002 in Ethiopia. It was identified as a new species in 2013 by researchers at Case Western Reserve University, and the species named after geologist and Case Western alumnus Giday WoldeGabriel.
The species was estimated to be about the size of a small zebra, and had three-toed hooves. Tooth wear patterns and analyses of bone composition indicate that E. woldegabrieli grazed on grasses similar to the coarse C$_4$ diet of modern zebras or wildebeests. Compared to ancestral Eurygnathohippus horses of six to ten million years ago such as the late Miocene E. feibeli, which lived and ate in forests, E. woldegabrieli's teeth were taller and more worn, and its longer and thinner leg bones suggest that it was well adapted for running. The medial Pliocene species E. hasumense, a more advanced horse from 3.5 million years ago and forward, is both taller and has a longer nose than E. woldegabrieli, a further advanced adaptation toward living in open grasslands.
# Peter Smith (businessman)

Peter Smith (born 5 August 1946) is a British businessman. He is the former chairman of Savills.

## Early life

Peter Smith was born on 5 August 1946. He is the son of Dudley Vaughan Smith and Beatrice Ellen Sketcher.
Smith was educated at the Mill Hill School. He graduated from the University of Southampton, where he earned a BSc. He subsequently graduated from the Advanced Management Program at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

## Career

Smith was Senior Partner of PricewaterhouseCoopers from 1994 to 2002. He served as the Chairman of Coopers & Lybrand from 1994 to 1996. He was the deputy chairman of The Equitable Life Assurance Society from 2001 to 2010. He served as the chairman of Savills from 2004 to 2016.
Smith was the deputy chairman of The Equitable Life Assurance Society from 2001 to 2010. He was the chairman of the Templeton Emerging Markets Investment Trust from 2007 to 2015. He was a non-executive director of Associated British Foods from 2007 to 2016. He has served as a director of N M Rothschild & Sons since 2001.

## Personal life

Smith married Cherry Blandford in 1971. They have two sons.