OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Periglacial lake

A periglacial lake is a lake bordering a glacier, usually found along the fringes of large ice sheets.

## Periglacial Zone

Periglaciation suggests an environment located on the margin of past glaciers. It has also been attributed to a climate with a tundra-like vegetation with a permanently frozen subsoil. Usually, the term is taken in the latter sense, but periglacial is used in the former definition when discussing periglacial lakes.
Freeze and thaw cycles influence landscapes outside areas of past glaciation. Therefore, periglacial environments are anywhere that freezing and thawing modify the landscape in a significant manner. The tundra climate or periglacial zone is just outside of glaciated areas. The processes of erosion in these glacial-peripheral zones are markedly different than present processes, therefore their effects have been noted. Areas that are too dry for glaciation to occur but that display characteristics of oversteepened slopes, solifluction slumps and cirques indicate the presence of a periglacial zone. Chief actions in these zones include solifluction and frost-shattering processes, the effects of which can be seen in the south of the Bristol Channel.

## Occurrence of Periglacial Lakes through Geologic Time

Former periglacial lakes are known to have existed as early as the Cryogenian period, though many were also formed in the Pleistocene period. Environments that have supported a periglacial zone or tundra climate include Siberia, Canada, Greenland, and southern Africa. The Pleistocene period is responsible for most of the known periglacial features in Britain.

## Formation of Landforms in Glaciated Highlands

Several landforms are formed in glaciated areas as the ice sheet moves between advancing when additional ice is introduced to the environment and receding due to ablation. Some landforms could be considered cases of superimposed drainage.
# Urgedra chlorolepis

Urgedra chlorolepis is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in north-eastern Ecuador.
The length of the forewings is 15–18.5 mm.
# Passion Play (play)

Passion Play is a 1981 play by British playwright Peter Nichols dealing with adultery and betrayal, unusual in that the two leading characters are each portrayed by two actors for public speech and private thoughts.
It was originally intended to open the Royal Shakespeare Company's new Barbican Theatre but was produced by them at the London's Aldwych Theatre in 1981.
It was revived at the Leicester Haymarket Theatre in 1984 before transferring to Wyndham's Theatre, at the Donmar Warehouse in 2000 before transferring to the Comedy Theatre, and at the Duke of York's Theatre in 2013.

## Dramatis Personae and Casts
### London Stagings

| Character | Played by (1981) | Played by (1984) | Played by (2000) | Played by (2013) |
| Kate | Louise Jameson | Heather Wright | Nicola Walker | Annabel Scholey |
| James | Benjamin Whitrow | Leslie Phillips | James Laurenson | Owen Teale |
| Eleanor | Billie Whitelaw | Judy Parfitt | Cherie Lunghi | Zoe Wanamaker |
| Agnes | Priscilla Morgan | Patricia Heneghan | Gillian Barge | Sian Thomas |
| Jim | Anton Rodgers | Barry Foster | Martin Jarvis | Oliver Cotton |
| Nell | Eileen Atkins | Zena Walker | Cheryl Campbell | Samantha Bond |

### Broadway

It opened, as Passion, on Broadway at the Longacre Theatre on 7 May 1983, where it closed on 8 August 1983 after 97 performances. The Broadway production was directed by Marshall W. Mason and starred Cathryn Damon as Eleanor, Frank Langella as Jim, Stephanie Gordon as Agnes, Bob Gunton as James, Roxanne Hart as Kate, and E. Katherine Kerr as Nell.
# Urgedra pavimenta

Urgedra pavimenta is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It is found in central Colombia.

## Taxonomy

Gaede treated it as a synonym of Urgedra striata in 1934, but it was resurrected to full species status in 2011.
# USS Reeves

USS Reeves may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:
* USS Reeves (DE-94), a Buckley-class destroyer escort delivered to the Royal Navy as HMS Cosby (K559)
* USS Reeves (DE-156), a Buckley-class destroyer escort launched 1943
* USS Reeves (DLG-24), a Leahy-class destroyer leader launched 1962
# Sickles

Sickles may refer to:

## People

* Carlton R. Sickles (1921–2004), American lawyer and congressman from Maryland
* Daniel Sickles (1819–1914), American politician and Civil War general
* Mark D. Sickles (born 1957), American politician
* Nicholas Sickles (1801–1845), U.S. Representative from New York
* Noel Sickles (1910–1982), American commercial illustrator and cartoonist
* Robin Sickles, American economist
* Teresa Bagioli Sickles (1836–1867), wife of Daniel Sickles
* William Sickles (1844–1938), American Civil War soldier and Medal of Honor recipient

## Places in the United States

* Sickles, Oklahoma, an unincorporated community
* Sickles, an unincorporated community in Hamilton Township, Gratiot County, Michigan
# European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information

The European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information (ESSLLI) is an annual academic conference organized by the European Association for Logic, Language and Information. The focus of study is the "interface between linguistics, logic and computation, with special emphasis on human linguistic and cognitive ability". The conference is held over two weeks of the European Summer, and offers about 50 courses at introductory and advanced levels. It attracts around 500 participants from all over the world.
# Sickletown, New York

Sickletown was a hamlet in the town of Orangetown in Rockland County, New York, United States. It was located north of Nauraushaun, east of the state of New Jersey, south of Nanuet, and west of Blauvelt.

## History

Sickletown was a hamlet named after the Sickles family located along the east and west side of Sickletown Road, also named after them. A few of the sandstone homes, mostly Pre-Revolutionary, built by the members of the Sickles family remain.
In the early 1870s, Pearl River was divided in five different parts: Sickletown, Nauraushaun, Middletown Pascack and Muddy Brook.
# European Super League (video game)

European Super League is a football video game developed by Crimson and Coyote Developments and published by Virgin Interactive Entertainment for the Dreamcast, PlayStation and Microsoft Windows in 2001.

## Gameplay

Players can select from 16 licensed European sides including A.C. Milan, Bayern Munich, Juventus, Liverpool, and Real Madrid, with real player names and likenesses, as well as accurate stadia and kits. Two control methods are provided, a basic control method using a limited set of buttons, alongside a more advanced control method which gives players "more freedom and control". Game modes include friendly matches, training, custom tournaments and leagues and the main European Super League mode (loosely based on the UEFA Champions League).

## Development

The game was developed using a modified version of the engine used for Viva Football, a 1998 title also developed by Crimson and published by Virgin Interactive. Producer David Casey told Official Dreamcast Magazine that their aim was to "make ESL more accessible [than Viva Football] by slowing the game down and making the controls easier to use".
The 16 sides were chosen, according to producer David Casey to provide "the best teams from the major territories - England, Spain, France, Germany, Italy - and then selected one well-known team from the other countries to make up the 16". The developers were limited to two Premier League sides due to a pre-existing contract the league had with Electronic Arts, the developers of the FIFA series. Manchester United were cited as among the available teams in previews, but were replaced by Chelsea in the released game.
The developers also claimed to have recorded real audio at each of the 16 stadia included in the game to lend a sense of realism to gameplay and differentiation between stadia.

## Reception

Official Dreamcast Magazine awarded the title 70/100, with reviewer Steve Hill stating that it was "as good as any [Dreamcast football title] currently available" and that "what it lacks in finesse, it makes up for in atmosphere and authenticity". Writing in Dreamcast Magazine Martin Mathers gave the game 58/100, commenting that "The visuals, while adequate, aren't exactly mind-blowing and the whole experience seems a bit too sluggish for our liking". Greg Howson of The Guardian gave the game 3/5 stars, arguing that players may "marvel at Zidane's accurately modelled bald patch and the admittedly impressive stadia but groan as the match kicks off".
# Uaymil

Uaymil is a pre-Columbian Maya archaeological site located on the Gulf Coast of northern Campeche. The settlement of Uaymil occupies a small island approximately 2.5 kilometers from the coast and 25 km north of Jaina. The site has been archaeologically investigated by Rafael Cobos, now of the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), who documented 15 structures, 8 of which were situated around a plaza containing an altar (Cobos 2001). A number of additional monuments and stele were also identified (Cobos et al. 2005).
Ceramic data recovered during archaeological excavation indicate that Uaymil was predominantly a Late to Terminal Classic site. Ceramic, lithic, and architectural data suggest that Uaymil had economic ties with both Uxmal and Chichén Itzá (Inurreta and Cobos 2003), but largely functioned as a port directly connected to, and dependent on, Uxmal (Cobos 2004).
# Siebera

Siebera is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae in the family Asteraceae, native to Western Asia.

## Species

* Siebera nana (DC.) Bornm. - Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan
* Siebera pungens (Lam.) J.Gay - Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
# Urosalpinx mengeana

Urosalpinx mengeana is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 25 mm, its maximum diameter 18 mm.
(Original description) The shell has a small, smooth, bulbous protoconch of 1½ whorls, followed by about six sculptured, rapidly enlarging later whorls. The protoconch is usually lost with the first one or two following whorls, so that the apex (as in our figure) seems somewhat blunt, but when perfect, though short, it is quite acute. The sculpture consists of 12-15 transverse rounded ribs, beginning at or near the suture and continuing over the periphery, becoming obsolete on the base of the whorl. The incremental lines are also somewhat alternated in strength and quite distinct. The spiral sculpture consists of (on the body whorl ten or twelve) sharp, even ridges, which override the ribs and descend into the interspaces, and each of which is usually accompanied by a pair of very fine, sharp threads parallel to it in the separating grooves. The ridges are usually very even in strength, but on the siphonal canal vary, being sometimes weaker or even oalmost absent there. The suture is distinct, undulated by the ribs, not channelled The whorls are full and rounded, the last constricted at the base. The aperture is rather elongated, differentiated from the siphonal canal. The throat is strongly lirate, with 8-10 elevated threads ending a little way within the edge of the outer lip, which is crenulated by the sculpture. The columella is simple, with a thin callus. The siphonal canal is narrow, deepand somewhat recurved. The siphonal fasciole is strong, enclosing with the reflected columella a moderate, not very deep umbilical pit.

## Distribution

Fossils were found in Pleistocene strata of Florida, USA.
# Sikhulile Moyo

Sikhulile M. Moyo is a Zimbabwean virologist working as the laboratory director of the Botswana–Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership in Gaborone. He is a research associate in immunology and infectious diseases at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. In November 2021, Moyo and his laboratory were the first to identify the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. In 2022, Moyo was listed in the Time 100 list.

## Early life and education

Moyo was born in Zimbabwe. He completed an undergraduate degree at the University of Zimbabwe in 1996. He completed a master's degree in applied microbiology at the University of Botswana in 2000. In 2006, Moyo completed a M.P.H. at the University of Limpopo (MEDUNSA-campus). His thesis was titled Modelling the HIV / AIDS in Botswana: the representativeness of the ANC based estimates of HIV prevalence in Botswana and implications for monitoring the epidemic. Moyo completed a Ph.D. in medical virology at Stellenbosch University in 2016. Tulio de Oliveira was one of his professors. His dissertation was titled Evolutionary trends and dynamics of HIV-1C in Botswana.

## Career

Moyo joined the Botswana–Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership in 2003 as a lab assistant. He later became the laboratory coordinator, deputy manager, and then lab manager in 2016. As of November 2021, Moyo is the laboratory director. He is also a research associate in immunology and infectious diseases at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
In November 2021, Moyo and his laboratory were the first to identify the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Upon discovery, they alerted the Botswanan Ministry of Health on November 22, 2021. In 2022, Moyo was listed in the Time 100 list.

## Personal life

Moyo is married and has two sons and a daughter. He is a gospel singer and composer.
# Notobranchaeidae

The Notobranchaeidae, or "naked sea butterflies", are a taxonomic family of floating sea slugs, specifically under the subclass Opistobranchia, also called "sea angels".
Similar to other Pteropods, these pelagic marine heterobranch gastropod mollusks are holoplanktonic.

## Morphology

While they are not particularly strong swimmers, the foot of these organisms is modified into wing-like structures, called parapodia that they employ for locomotion. Additionally, like other Pteropods of the order Gymnosomata, Notobrachaeidae lack shells entirely as adults. However, they do possess a shell earlier on in their lives. They are also defined by how they possess a posterior gill, strong jaws, grasping tentacles that frequently possess suckers resembling those of cephalopods, and usually buccal cones as well.

## Behavior

Like other members of the clade Gymnosomata, Notobrachaeidae are highly specialized holoplanktonic carnivores. In other words, they spend their entire lives hunting in the water column and cannot swim against the column. Also like other members of this clade, Notobrachaeidae feed are very specific prey, with a species in this clade usually specializing in hunting one specific genus of thecosomes, which are also known as "sea butterflies," and form a sister clade to Gymnosomata with the primary difference being how adults of that clade possess shells into adulthood while Gymnosomata do not.

## Distribution

Members of this family are found globally throughout the upper reaches of the water column, in the pelagic zone, most commonly the epipelagic zone. Following the trend of Pteropods in general, they tend to have the highest species diversity tropical and subtropical latitudes but are less abundant under these conditions. Conversely, they are more abundant but possess less variety in terms of species closer to the north and south poles. However, even in the tropics, they generally appear in high concentrations, resulting in their frequently playing important roles in planktonic food webs.

## Genera and species

Genera and species in the family Notobranchaeidae include:
Genus: Notobranchaea Pelseneer, 1886
* Notobranchaea bleekerae van der Spoel & Pafort-van Iersel, 1985
** Distribution : Oceanic
* Notobranchaea grandis Pruvot-Fol, 1942
** Distribution : Oceanic
** Length : 15 mm
* Notobranchaea hjorti (Bonnevie, 1913)
* Notobranchaea inopinata Pelseneer, 1887
** Distribution : Oceanic
** Length : 5 mm
* Notobranchaea longicollis (Bonnevie, 1913)
* Notobranchaea macdonaldi Pelseneer, 1886
** Distribution : Bermuda, Oceanic
** Length : 5 mm
* Notobranchaea tetrabranchiata Bonnevie, 1913
** Distribution : Oceanic
** Length : 16 mm
* Notobranchaea valdiviae Meisenheimer, 1905

### Genera brought into synonymy

* Microdonta Bonnevie, 1913: synonym of Notobranchaea Pelseneer, 1886 (invalid: junior homonym of Microdonta Dejean, 1835 [Coleoptera]; Schleschia is a replacement name)
* Prionoglossa Tesch, 1950: synonym of Notobranchaea Pelseneer, 1886
* Schleschia Strand, 1932: synonym of Notobranchaea Pelseneer, 1886
# Min (treasurer)

Min was an important Ancient Egyptian courtier of the New Kingdom in office under king Thutmosis III.
Min was treasurer. Min was the father of the treasurer Sobekhotep and is known from a number of monuments. He is mentioned in the tomb of his son and on one of the statues of the latter. At Gebel el-Silsila Min had a chapel, as many officials of the New Kingdom had. Min had most likely a tomb at Thebes, that is not yet identified. However, there are funerary cones with his name coming from Thebes that seem to proof that he had a tomb there. Funerary cones adorned Theban tomb chapels.
# Olayinka Sule

Brigadier General (retired) Olayinka Sule (4 May 1948 – 23 August 2020) was the Administrator of Jigawa State, Nigeria from August 1991 to January 1992 during the military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida.
In 1983 Lt. Colonel Sule was military attache to the permanent mission of Nigeria to the United Nations. Promoted to Colonel, Sule was the first Administrator of Jigawa State, Nigeria after it was formed from part of Kano State in August 1991. He handed over to the elected civilian governor Ali Sa'ad Birnin-Kudu in January 1992 at the start of the Nigerian Third Republic. In 1996 he was General Officer Commanding (GOC) the 1st Mechanised Division of the Nigerian Army. He retired from the army that year.
After his retirement, he became captain of the Ikeja Golf Club. He was an excellent golf player, winning several tournaments.
# Pečuj, Novi Travnik

Pečuj is a village in the municipality of Novi Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 561.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 559 | 99.6% |
| Croats | 1 | 0.2% |
| other/undeclared | 1 | 0.2% |
| Total | 561 | 100% |
# Tityustoxin peptide 2

Tityustoxin peptide 2 (TsPep2) is a peptide isolated from the venom of the Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian yellow scorpion). It belongs to a class of short peptides, together with Tityustoxin peptide 1 and Tityustoxin peptide 3.

## Sources

Tityus serrulatus, also known as the Brazilian yellow scorpion, is from the genus Tityus belonging to the family Buthidae.
TsPep2 is identified from the venom of Tityus serrulatus by using a cDNA primer sequence based on the C-terminal amino acid sequence of KTx2 from Androctonus australis.

## Chemistry

The original encoded sequence of TsPep2 consists of 68 amino acids processed in a mature peptide of 29 amino acids with a final molecular weight of 2993.59 Da. TsPep2 differs in the mature sequence from TsPep3 only in one amino acid and TsPep1 shows 58,6% of sequence homology with Tspep2 and TsPep3.
TsPep2 Sequence :
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MKFSCGFLLI | FLVLSAMIAT | FSEVEATVKC | GGCNRKCCAG | GCRSGKCING | KCQCYGRSDL NEEFENYQ |
Eight cysteines establish four disulfide bridges and a C-terminal tyrosine amide is present in the 55th position. Furthermore, TsPep2 sequence alignment shows that a part of the amino acid consensus sequence (CXXXKCCXC) involved in the pore blocking mechanism is present as in other known short scorpion toxins.

## Target

It seems likely that TsPep2 has inhibitory actions on potassium channels, based on its sequence similarities in the C-terminal beta sheet with the potassium channel inhibitory alpha family (α-KTX) and on its similarities in the patterns of disulfide bridges with other short scorpion venom toxins.

## Toxicity

The biological function of TsPep2 is not clear yet, except from a small displacement on the $^{125}$I-KTX binding site on rat brain synaptosomes. However, it has been shown that this peptide is not toxic to mice. The LD$_{50}$ of TsPep2 is currently unknown.
# Iberus Vallis

Iberus Vallis is a valley in the Elysium quadrangle of Mars, located at 21.5° N and 208.0° W. It is 80.2 km long and was named after a classical name for the Ebro River in NE Spain.
# Longidorus africanus

Longidorus africanus is a plant pathogenic nematode.
# Hispaniolan nightjar

The Hispaniolan nightjar (Antrostomus ekmani) is a nightjar species endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which is shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The Hispaniolan nightjar was originally described as Antrostomus ekmani; the genus was later lumped into genus Caprimulgus and still later restored as a separate genus. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC), BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW), and the Clements taxonomy consider it a monotypic species. The American Ornithological Society (AOS) considers it and the two subspecies of the Cuban nightjar (A. cubanensis) to be subspecies of the Greater Antillean nightjar. The species is named for Swedish naturalist Erik Leonard Ekman, who first described the species in the 19th century.

## Description

The Hispaniolan nightjar is 26 to 30 cm (10 to 12 in) long. The upperparts are dark brown speckled with grayish buff, pale buff, and grayish brown, and the crown has broad black streaks. The tail is brown and the three outer pairs of feathers are broadly tipped with white (male) or buff (female). The innermost pair has grayish brown chevrons. The wings are brown with spots, bars, and mottling of lighter shades. The face is tawny with dark brown speckles, the chin and throat dark brown with cinnamon speckles, the breast dark brown with large spots and smaller speckles of buffy white, and the belly and flanks dark brown with gray speckles. The Cuban nightjar subspecies endemic to Isla de la Juventud (A. cubensis insulaepinorum) is smaller, much darker, and has a shorter tail than the Hispaniolan nightjar.

## Distribution and habitat

The Hispaniolan nightjar is found only on the large island of Hispaniola. It is much more common in the western third of the Dominican Republic than the eastern part of that country, and is very rare in Haiti to the west of the Dominican Republic. It mostly inhabits broadleaf forests at middle elevations and shuns low elevation thorn scrub and higher elevation pine forest. In elevation it ranges up to about 1,825 m (5,990 ft).

## Behavior
### Feeding

The Hispaniolan nightjar is crepuscular and nocturnal. Its prey is insects that it captures in flight, though whether that is during continuous flight or by sallies from a perch or the ground is not known.

### Breeding

The Hispaniolan nightjar breeds between April and July. The usual clutch of two eggs is laid directly on the ground without a nest. Both sexes are believed to incubate the eggs.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to Hispaniolan nightjar on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The Hispaniolan nightjar's song is "a rather harsh, buzzy call of one syllable" that starts with a click and rises in pitch. Its apparent disturbance call is "low-pitched, brief calls, paraphrased as quat…quat…quat…".

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the Hispaniolan nightjar as being of Least Concern. Though its population is unknown, it is believed to be stable, and no immediate threats have been identified. However, "destruction of habitat undoubtably would affect this species, and introduced predators also are a potential threat."
# Burhan (disambiguation)

Burhan is an Arabic male name.
Burhan may also refer to:

## Places

* Burhan, Pakistan, town located along the Rawalpindi-Peshawar road, in the Punjab province of Pakistan
* Burhan Interchange, interchange located in the west of Hasan Abdal city in Attock District, Pakistan
* Aq Burhan, a village in Aleppo Governorate, Syria

## Books

* Al-Burhan, an 11th-century exegesis on the Quran
* Burhan al-Haqq, a 1963 theological work by Nur Ali Elahi

## Other uses

* Burhan (Pashtun tribe)