OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Cotesworth of Gateshead

William Cotesworth of Gateshead (1668 – 1726) was an English merchant and government official who served as sheriff of Northumberland.
Based in Newcastle, Cotesworth was the son of a yeoman. He was a cousin of London politician William Cotesworth. As a young man, Cotesworth was apprenticed to a tallow candle maker.
As a merchant, Cotesworth collected tallow in England and sold it internationally. He imported dyes from Southeast Asia, as well as flax, wine, and grain from other regions . Cotesworth sold tea, sugar, chocolate, and tobacco, operated the largest coal mines in the area, and was a leading salt producer.
Over time, Cotesworth became the English government's principal agent in Northern England, being in contact with leading royal ministers. He became an esquire, having served as mayor, justice of the peace and sheriff of Northumberland.
# Unnayi Warrier Smaraka Kalanilayam

Unnayi Warrier Smaraka Kalanilayam is a performing arts training institution in Irinjalakuda in Thrissur District of Kerala. The centre is affiliated with the Government of Kerala.

## History

The institution was established in 1955 in memory of Unnayi Variyar, renowned writer of Nalacharitham. It is governed by a body of 12 persons elected from the general council consisting of 102 life members. Former prime minister of Cochin Panampilly Govinda Menon inaugurated the centre.

## Courses and performances

The centre offers courses in Kathakali vesham, Kathakali music, Kathakali chenda, Kathakali maddalam, Kathakali chutty, Koppupani (crafting of accessories & other costumes), Classical music, Violin, Bharathanatyam, Mohiniattam and Kuchipudi.
Public performances are conducted on Republic Day, Independence Day, the third Thursday of every month, 6 October, 12 July and Navarathri.
# Bogdan Suchodolski

Bogdan Suchodolski (27 December 1903 – 2 October 1992) was a Polish philosopher, historian of science and culture and teacher. He served as a senior marshal of the Sejm from 1985 to 1989.

## Biography

Bogdan Suchodolski was born in Sosnowiec, Poland, on 27 December 1903. He was a professor at the University of Lviv in 1938 and at the University of Warsaw from 1946 to 1970. He was also university director of the Institute of Pedagogical Sciences 1958–68.
He was a member of the Polish Academy of Learning (PAU) since 1946, and later the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN). From 1965 to 1970, he worked as deputy secretary of PAN, and from 1958 to 1974, he was chairman of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences, in 1969–1980 a member of the presidium.
On 20 December 1982 Suchodolski was appointed chairman of the National Council of Culture, and from 1985 to 1989 he served as senior marshall in Sejm.
Suchodolski was the founding director of the Institute of Pedagogical Sciences at the Faculty of Education of the University of Warsaw for 1958–1968.
He received an honorary degree from the University of Berlin, Lomonosov Moscow State University, University of Padova, the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences in E Pedagogical University of Opole and Silesian University.
In 1968, he became a member of the Front of National Unity (FJN), and in 1983 became a member of its successor the Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth (PRON) created to demonstrate unity and support for the communist Poland's both government and governing party Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) in the aftermath of the 1981–1983 martial law in Poland, in 1985–1989 a member and a Senior Marshal of the communist Poland's Parliament, in 1982–1989 the chairman of the National Council of Culture created by the martial law's main author Wojciech Jaruzelski.
Suchodolski authored papers dealing with education, history of Polish science and philosophy. He died in Konstancin-Jeziorna on 2 October 1992.
# Wapiti River (New Zealand)

The Wapiti River is a river in the Southland Region of New Zealand. It rises in the northern extremity of the Stuart Mountains in Fiordland National Park, the top of its watershed being part of the main divide. Two branches feed Lake Sutherland, (elevation 470 metres (1,540 ft)) the outflow of which flows southwest to Lake Thomson. A further 2.2 kilometres (1.4 mi) reach of the river heads east to Lake Hankinson, which is separated from the North West Arm of the Middle Fiord of Lake Te Anau by a final 0.6-kilometre (0.4 mi) stretch of the river.
The river is named for the Wapiti (Cervus canadensis), an introduced deer species found in Fiordland. Lake Wapiti lies a few kilometres from the Wapiti River, but is in a separate catchment, that of the Doon River feeding the West Arm of the Middle Fiord. A tramping track connecting Lake Te Anau to George Sound via the Henry Pass follows the Wapiti River from its mouth as far as the head of Lake Thomson, thereafter turning west up a tributary named Rugged Burn.
# Multiple treatments

Multiple treatments, like multivalued treatments, generalize the binary treatment effects framework. But rather than focusing on a treatment effect that can take on different values, the focus now is on different types of treatment. One example could be a job training program, where different types of job training are offered to the participants. The case of multiple treatments is relatively difficult to handle, as it can require additional functional form restrictions, especially when addressing the counterfactual or potential outcomes framework. Nevertheless, the general instrumental variable framework used to analyze binary treatment effects has been extended to allow for multiple treatments.
There are different approaches available to analyze multiple treatment effects. One can think of treatment effects within this framework as the difference in the counterfactual outcomes that would have been observed if the agent faced different general choice sets, with multinomial choices being a natural way to analyze multiple treatments. More formally, assume there are J options available and the value to the agent of choosing option j is
R$_j$ (Z$_j$ )=v$_j$ (Z$_j$ ) -ϵ$_j$
where ε$_j$ is some unobserved random shock. Then the agent will choose alternative j such that R$_j$ ≥ R$_k$ for all k≠j. There is a potential outcome associated with each possible state, Y$_j$ = μ$_j$(X$_j$, U$_j$), where X is a vector of observered characteristics and U is a vector of unobserved characteristics. The observed outcome is Y= $\sum _{j=0}^{J}$ D$_j$ Y$_j$ where D$_j$ is an indicator that equals 1 when the treatment equals j and 0 when it does not equal j. The parameters of interest are the treatment effects Y$_j$ - Y$_k$ for pairs k and j.
Other frameworks focus less on the choice dynamics and consider a random coefficient setting for the different treatment options, or use dummy variables for the different possible treatments. For instance, when thinking about two possible treatments that are not mutually exclusive, four indicator variables can fully specify the different treatment options.
Some authors have suggested that when testing for multiple outcomes, one might want to adjust the p-values or significance levels when testing hypotheses. In a Bayesian setting, it has been argued that the problem of multiple treatments can be incorporated in multilevel models, which addresses the multiple comparisons problems while yielding more efficient estimates if the model specification is correct.
# Beaumont's Halt railway station

Beaumont's Halt railway station was in Hertfordshire, England from 1905 to 1963 on the Nickey Line.

## History

The station opened on 9 August 1905 by the Midland Railway. It was situated on the south side of a footpath that was between Hempstead Road and the B487. There was initially no shelter but a petition was raised in 1907 to provide one to all four stations in 1907. It was named after the nearby Beaumont Hall. The station closed to passengers on 16 June 1947 and closed to goods on 1 July 1963.
# Battles with the Red Boy

Battles With The Red Boy is a 1972 Taiwanese Hong Kong film.
# Blokker

Blokker may refer to:
* Blokker, Netherlands, a town in the Netherlands
* Blokker (store), a Dutch chain store
* Blokker Holding, a Dutch company

## People with the surname

* IJf Blokker (b. 1930), Dutch musician and television actor and presenter
* Jaap Blokker (1942–2011), Dutch businessman and chief executive
* Jan Blokker (1927–2010), Dutch journalist
Jan Andries Blokker, Sr. (27 May 1927 – 6 July 2010) was a Dutch journalist, columnist, publicist, writer,[1] and amateur historian
# Beard, Australian Capital Territory

Beard is a suburb of Canberra in the District of Jerrabomberra, Australian Capital Territory, named after ex-convict Timothy Beard, the first recorded European settler in the vicinity of modern-day Queanbeyan.

## History

From the time of European settlement until 1942, Beard was primarily pastoral land. In 1942, a contract was awarded to construct a Commonwealth owned abattoir in the area. Work was significantly delayed following a fire that gutted the construction site in June 1943. Sold to private investors in 1969, the Canberra abattoirs operated from 1944 until 1997.
A planning study was conducted by the ACT Government in 2004 for a proposed residential development to be known as "Griffin Green", however subsequent studies focused on industrial uses of the land in order to address a shortage of small industrial lots across both the Canberra and Queanbeyan markets. The suburb began as Fyshwick East Industrial Estate in 2009, with developer CIC Australia releasing the first lots to the market. In May of that year, the name Beard was gazetted, although for the purposes of marketing the land, the two names are used interchangeably.

## Geography

The suburb is located between Fyshwick and Oaks Estate, immediately north of the border with New South Wales and city of Queanbeyan, and approximately 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Canberra City. Beard consists almost entirely of a small light industrial estate. Streets in the estate are named after minerals.
# Mukogawa Women's University

Mukogawa Women's University (武庫川女子大学, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku) is a private university located near Koshien Stadium in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan, founded in 1939. It has an international branch campus in Spokane, Washington, USA: Mukogawa U.S. Campus.

## History

* Feb 25, 1939 Educational Corporation Mukogawa Gakuin established by Kiichiro Koe
* Apr 1, 1939 Mukogawa Girls' High School founded
* Apr 1, 1946 Mukogawa Women's Academy founded
* Apr 1, 1947 Mukogawa Women's University junior High School founded
* Jun 12, 1947 Emperor Hirohito visits Mukogawa
* Apr 1, 1948 Mukogawa Women's University Senior High School founded
* Apr 1, 1950 Junior College Division established
* Oct 30, 1956 The Emperor and the Empress visit Mukogawa
* Apr 1, 1966 Graduate School Master's Course established
* Apr 30, 1967 Akira Kusaka appointed President of university and Junior College
* Apr 1, 1979 University Kindergarten established
* Sep 6, 1981 Founder Kiichiro Koe dies
* Sep 25, 1981 Akira Kusaka inaugurated as chairman of the board and Chancellor
* Apr 1, 1985 One-year graduate programs established
* Apr 1. 1989 Graduate School Doctor's Course established
* Jan 31, 1990 Mukogawa Fort Wright Institute established in Spokane, Washington U.S.A.
* Nov 6, 1999 Sixtieth anniversary celebrated
* Sep 1, 2001 Chairman of the Board, Chancellor and President Akira Kusaka dies
* Sep 2, 2001 Ryo Okawara inaugurated as chairman of the board and Chancellor
* Sep 2, 2001 Toshiharu Yamamoto appointed President of university and Junior College
* Apr 1, 2006 Junichi Kunitomo appointed President of university and Junior College

## Departments
### School of Letters

* Department of Japanese Language and Literature
* Department of English
* Department of Education
* Department of Health and Sports Sciences
* Department of Psychology and Social Welfare

### School of Human Environmental Sciences

* Department of Human Environmental Sciences
* Department of Food Science and Nutrition
* Department of Informatics and Mediology
* Department of Architecture

### School of Music

* Department of Performing Arts, School of Music
* Department of Applied Music, School of Music

### School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

* Department of Pharmacy
* Department of Health and Bio-pharmaceutical Sciences

## Graduate Schools

* Graduate School of Human Environmental Sciences
* Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
* Graduate School of Clinical Education

## Affiliated Schools

* Mukogawa Women's University Junior & Senior High School
# The Samurai (novel)

The Samurai is a novel by Japanese author Shusaku Endo first published in 1980. It tells a fictionalized story of a 17th-century diplomatic mission to "Nueva España" (New Spain or Mexico) by Japanese noblemen, and the cultural clash that ensues. The main character is Hasekura Rokuemon.
The book won the 33rd edition of the Noma Literary Prize.

## Plot summary

A samurai who serves as the "regent" of a series of villages is appointed, along with a Spanish priest named Velasco, to embark on a journey across the Pacific to negotiate a trade agreement with the Spanish in Mexico. There they travel from Acapulco, crossing the desert until they reach Mexico City, where they realize they cannot carry out their mission. To do so, they need to journey to Veracruz and board a ship bound for Spain. However, since the Spanish authorities show no interest in their mission, they must continue on to Rome, to seek an audience with the Pope Paul V at the Vatican. However, their mission proves to be in vain as they are unable to establish any contacts or agreements. They end up returning home, crossing Spain and then Mexico again, and crossing the Pacific once more before arriving in Japan, where they discover that the new leaders of the country are now actively persecuting Christians and do not wish to have any commercial contacts with other nations. The samurai Hasekura Rokuemon, who had traveled out of duty and not desire, ends up being ostracized.

## Reception

The Washington Post stated that it is "an intricate, fascinating tale".
# Marcello Giombini

Marcello Giombini (24 July 1928 in Rome, Italy – 12 December 2003 in Assisi, Italy) was an Italian composer, well known for scoring many Spaghetti Westerns, Italian horror and giallo movies, and 1960s peplum films. He is best remembered for his score to the original Sabata (1969), which starred Lee Van Cleef.
His son Pierluigi Giombini is also an accomplished musician and composer.
Additional biographical information, compositions, filmography, and discography may be found (in Italian) at Marcello Giombini.

## Music
### Selected filmography

* Vulcan, Son of Giove (1962)
* March on Rome (1962)
* I sette gladiatori (1962)
* The Seven Tasks of Ali Baba (1962)
* The Magnificent Gladiator (1964)
* James Tont operazione U.N.O. (1965)
* Our Man in Jamaica (1965)
* The Relentless Four (1965)
* For a Few Dollars Less (1966)
* Death Walks in Laredo (1966)
* Ballad of a Gunman (1967)
* Mission Stardust (1967)
* Dead Men Don't Count (1968)
* Garringo (1969)
* Battle of the Commandos (1969)
* Sabata (1969)
* Sartana Kills Them All (1970)
* Return of Sabata (1971)
* Holy Water Joe (1971)
* Un gioco per Eveline (1971)
* Knife of Ice (1972)
* They Believed He Was No Saint (1972)
* The Flower with the Petals of Steel (1973)
* The Killer Wore Gloves (1974)
* The Eerie Midnight Horror Show (1974)
* Miracles Still Happen (1974)
* The Bloodsucker Leads the Dance (1975)
* Cosmos: War of the Planets (1978)
* War of the Robots (1978)
* Star Odyssey (1978)
* Eyes Behind the Stars (1978)
* Terror Express (1979)
* Escape from Hell (1980)
* The Beast in Space (1980)
* Antropophagus (1980)
* Erotic Nights of the Living Dead (1980)
* Panic (1982)

### Other

* Le tue mani
# Munduruku (disambiguation)

The Munduruku are an indigenous people of Brazil.
Munduruku may also refer to:
* Munduruku language
* Munduruku bicoloratum, a tarantula species
# Maravilha, Alagoas

09°14′09″S 37°21′00″W﻿ / ﻿9.23583°S 37.35000°W﻿ / -9.23583; -37.35000 Maravilha is a municipality located in the western of the Brazilian state of Alagoas. Its population is 9,004 (2020) and its area is 279 km$^2$.
# Muhammad Jafar Moravej

Seyyed Mohammad Jafar Moravej (Persian: سید محمد جعفر مروج) whose complete name/fame is "Seyyed Muhammad Jafar Jazaeri Moravej al-Shariah" (Persian: سید محمد جعفر جزائری مروج الشریعه), was an Iranian Shia scholar who was born in 1910 and died in 1999, in a religious family in Shushtar. His father was Seyyed Muhammad Ali Moravej, and he is among the descendants of Seyyed Nematollah Jazayeri who was a prominent Shia scholar. This Shia scholar is commonly known as "Ayatollah Seyyed Muhammad Jafar Moravej" (Persian: آیت الله سید محمد جعفر مروج).
Seyyed Muhammad Jafar who was also known as "Seyyed Muhammad Jafar Jazayeri/(Mousavi)," finally died in 1999 in the city of Qom. The supreme leader of Iran, Seyyed Ali Khamenei was among the Iranian famous officials who expressed their condolence for the death of this Shia scholar; Iran's supreme leader presented a message about him that: "The demise news of honorable scholar, the blessed Ayatollah Seyyed Muhammad Jafar Mousavi Moravej (Rahmatullah-Alaih) caused me to be regretted. He was among the prominent faqihs ..."

## Teachers

Among Seyyed Muhammad Jafar's teachers are:
* Abu l-Hasan al-Isfahani
* Agha Zia Addin Araghi
* Muhsin al-Hakim
* (Sheikh) Musa Khansari
* (Sheikh) Hossein Helli
Etc.

## Works

Seyyed Muhammad Jafar Jazaeri Moravej al-Shariah's compilations are more than 50 books, such as:
* Sharh (explanation of) Tahzib
* Sharh-Estebsar
* Sharh Awali al-La'ali
* Sharh Oyun Akhbar-al-Reza
* Sharh Nahj-al-Balaghah
* Qesas-al-Anbia
* Resalee dar sharh hadith lataad
* Resalee dar halq al-lahieh
* Resalee dar al-vatan al-sharee
* Resalee dar elm-e kalam
* Emal al-sebi
* Resalee dar derayah al-hadis
* Takmelah al-vasilah fi al-hodood va al-diat
* Masaeele mostahedese
* Montahi al-derayah fi tozih al-kefayah
* Hadi al-taleb ela sharh al-makaseb
* Sharh orvatol vosqa
* Ziya al-Masalek
* Taliqe bar orvatol vosqa
* Hashie bar tozih al-masaeel
* Resalee dar qaeede la zarar
* Hashie bar vasile al-neja
* Al-qavaeed al-feqhieh
* Resale fi hokm al-hakem fi al-helal
* Hedaye al-anaam
* Al-mabahes osoolieh
# Manuel Martins Manso

This article uses the Portuguese naming customs, the maternal surname is Martins and the paternal surname is Manso
Manuel Martins Manso (21 November 1793 – 11 December 1871) was a Portuguese bishop, he was bishop of Funchal and of Guarda.

## Biography

He was born in the village of Bemposta [pt] in the Mogadouro Municipality near its municipal seat in Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro.
He was nominated Bishop of Funchal, a diocese that includes Madeira and its surrounding islands in 1849 and remained until 1858 amid serious clerical and social upheavals, the post was later taken by D. Patrício Xavier de Moura. He returned to Continental Portugal and after resigning as bishop of Funchal for health reasons and on 18 March became the Guarda later in 1850 up to his death in 1871, afterwards the seat was vacant until 1878 where it was taken by D. Tomás. Gomes de Almeida.
He was the great nephew of the 1st Viscount of Vale Pereiro.
# The Sin and Doom Vol. II

The Sin and Doom Vol. II is the sixth studio album by American Christian deathcore band Impending Doom. The album was released on June 22, 2018. The title of the album is a reference to Impending Doom's first demo release, The Sin and Doom of Godless Men, released in 2005. The band members produced the album in a more hands-on style than their previous releases, with the assistance of Christopher Eck who produced Nailed. Dead. Risen., the band's 2007 debut album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metal Injection | |
| HM | |
| Distorted Sound | |
| New Noise | |
| New Transcendence | |
| Cryptic Rock | |
The album received limited but generally positive reviews. Of the reviews collected, New Noise gave the album a perfect 5 out of 5, stating: "Trying to poke flaws in this album would just be fruitless work, for Impending Doom has successfully put together the best metal LP of the year so far." Giving the album 3.5 out of 5 stars, HM Magazine noted that: "the new album surely won't disappoint fans of the band's catalog, even though it doesn't quite illustrate a deliberate personal relationship with Jesus as Nailed. Dead. Risen." Amber Stevens of Metal Injection, giving the album 6 out of 10, described it as "damn well punishing enough for even the most critical, die-hard fans of the genre" and "a straight-forward, heavy hitting assault of the senses".

## Personnel
### Impending Doom

* Brook Reeves – vocals, composition, engineering
* Manny Contreras – lead guitar, production, composition, engineering
* Eric Correa – rhythm guitar, production, composition, engineering
* David Sittig – bass, engineering
* Brandon Trahan – drums, engineering

### Additional personnel

* Christopher Eck – production, engineering, mixing, tracking
* Joe Butler – photography
# Bay du Nord

Bay du Nord may refer to:
* Bay du Nord, Hermitage Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador, an abandoned community
* Bay du Nord series, a geologic formation in Newfoundland
* Bay du Nord River, in Newfoundland
* Bay du Nord property, 500km northeast offshore St. John's NL
* Bay du Nord Wilderness Reserve, in central Newfoundland
# Muhammad ibn Muhammad Tabrizi

Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr ibn Muhammad Tabrizi was a thirteenth-century Persian Muslim writer, known for his Arabic commentary on the twenty five propositions at the beginning of Book II of the Jewish philosopher Maimonides's Guide for the Perplexed, on which Maimonides then based his proof of the existence, unity and incorporeality of God. The propositions, derived from Aristotle's Physics and Metaphysics, were merely summarised by Maimonides; Tabrizi gives a detailed discussion of them, based on the work of Arabic authors. It is the earliest known commentary on a part of the Guide.
Tabrizi's book was later translated into a strongly Arabicised Hebrew by Isaac ben Nathan of Cordoba. This translation formed the main basis of Hasdai Crescas's review in Or Adonai of the various demonstrations proposed for Maimonides's principles, prior to his embarking on a thorough critique of their inadequacies; it was also used by Moses ben Joshua of Narbonne. The translation was probably made in Majorca around 1347; it was printed in Ferrara in 1556. A second translation, into a more native idiomatic Hebrew, also exists in manuscript. (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, cod. héb., 974).
Tabrizi evidently thought highly of Maimonides. His book concludes "The author of these Propositions is the chief whose sceptre is "wisdom" and whose throne is "understanding," the Israelite prince, that has benefited his nation and all those who love God, etc. Moses ben Maimon ben Ebed-elohim, the Israelite... May God lead us to the truth. Amen!" A remark in the introduction to the commentary suggests that Tabrizi intended to prepare a commentary on the whole Guide. However, some suggest that he may not have had access to the Guide in its entirety: comments about Maimonides's view of the human soul are badly flawed.