OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Unadilla bidensana

Unadilla bidensana is a moth of the family Pyralidae described by Otto Herman Swezey in 1933. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kauai.
The larvae feed on Bidens cosmoides. They bore in the stems of their host plant. The infested stems become swollen and gall-like. Pupation takes place within this swelling.
# Epermenia farreni

Epermenia farreni, the scarce lance-wing, is a moth of the family Epermeniidae found in Asia and Europe. It was first described by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham in 1894 from a specimen found in Cambridge, England.

## Description

The wingspan is 9–10 mm and can be found in June and July.
Ova are laid, probably on the seeds, of wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) in June and July. The larvae feed within individual seed capsules in August and September. The deep yellow pupa can be found on the ground within a flimsy cocoon in September, overwintering until the summer.

## Distribution

It is found in Great Britain, Sweden, Slovakia, northern Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
# Patrick Metzger

Patrick Metzger may refer to:
* Patrick Metzger, Canadian electoral candidate 2006
* Patrick Metzger, music blogger who coined the term Millennial Whoop in 2016
* Patrick Metzger, German drummer (born 1979)
# Patrick Boyle (writer)

Patrick Boyle (11 April 1905–7 February 1982) was an Irish novelist.
Boyle was born in 1905 in Ballymoney, Co. Antrim. He worked for the Ulster Bank in Donegal and Wexford. He began writing when he was in his forties. His first collection of short stories, At Night All Cats are Grey, was published in 1966. He also wrote a novel, Like Any Other Man, published in the same year. These two books were followed by two more collections of stories, All Looks Yellow to the Jaundiced Eye (1969), and A View from Calvary (1976). He was a member of the Irish Academy of Letters. He died in 1982.
# Patrick Bradley (rower)

Patrick Bradley was a male rower who competed for England.

## Rowing career

He represented England and won a bronze medal in the eights at the 1950 British Empire Games in Auckland, New Zealand.
# Sigrid Grabner

Sigrid Grabner (née Hauf; born 29 October 1942) is a German writer.

## Biography

Sigrid Grabner was born in the town of Tetschen-Bodenbach, Czech Republic. After the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans, her family moved to Merseburg, Germany in 1947 where Grabner attended school until 1957. In 1961 she graduated from high school in Halle and worked in agriculture for one year. From 1962 to 1967 she studied cultural studies and Indonesian studies at the Humboldt University in East Berlin. In 1972, she received her doctorate there with a thesis on the Indonesian cultural policy during the Sukarno dictatorship. Since 1974 Grabner has worked as a freelance writer. The Stasi spied on Grabner, as she became suspected of being a CIA agent.
In the 1990s, she co-founded and led the Brandenburgische Literaturbüro. She was married to writer and concentration camp survivor Hasso Grabner and has two children. Today Grabner lives in Potsdam.

## Writing

Grabner has published a large number of non-fiction books, Essays, biographies and historical novels. Her biographical works on historical persons include biographies of Mahatma Gandhi, Cola di Rienzo, Christina of Sweden and Gregory the Great. She visited the original locations several times for her research.
Together with Hendrik Röder she published books about Emmi Bonhoeffer, Henning von Tresckow and the Nazi opponent Hermann Maaß. She is a regular contributor to Vatican Magazin.
In 2003, Sigrid Grabner published her autobiography Jahrgang '42 – mein Leben zwischen den Zeiten (Year '42 – My life between the times). The second volume Im Zwielicht der Freiheit – Potsdam ist mehr als Sanssouci (In the twilight of freedom – Potsdam is more than Sanssouci) followed in 2019.

## Accolades

* 1992: Guest of honour, Villa Massimo
* 2000: Scholar, Künstlerhaus Schloss Wiepersdorf

## Selected works

    as writer:
* Was geschah auf der "Zeven Provinciën"?, Berlin 1980
* Traum von Rom, Berlin 1985
* Mahatma Gandhi – Politiker, Pilger u. Prophet, Berlin 1987
* Christine – Rebellin auf Schwedens Thron, Frankfurt, Berlin 1995
* Jahrgang ’42 – mein Leben zwischen den Zeiten, Leipzig 2003
* Im Auge des Sturms – Gregor der Große, Augsburg 2009
* Sie machte Frieden – Maria Theresia und andere Erzählungen, Kisslegg 2018
* Im Zwielicht der Freiheit – Potsdam ist mehr als Sanssouci, Kisslegg 2019
    as editor:
* 1000 Jahre Potsdam, Frankfurt, Berlin 1992
* Potsdam 1945–1989 – zwischen Anpassung und Aufbegehren, Potsdam 1999
* Im Geist bleibe ich bei Euch – Texte und Dokumente zu Hermann Maaß, Berlin 2003
* Henning von Tresckow, ich bin, der ich war, Berlin 2005
* Emmi Bonhoeffer – bewegende Zeugnisse eines mutigen Lebens, Reinbek 2006
# Epilogic

Epi.logic is an American skincare company headquartered in Brooklyn, NY. Founded by oculofacial plastic surgeon Dr. Chaneve Jeanniton, epi.logic develops products designed particularly for black and brown skin. Epi.logic products are designed to address issues like sensitive skin, over-drying, and hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation is of particular concern to people with melanin overproduction, and many methods to treat it have been found to be unsafe. Epi.logic develops formulas that eliminate unnecessary additives present in other skin care products that can cause unwanted reactions.
# 2016 Egypt Cup final

The 2016 Egypt Cup Final decided the winner of the 2016 Egypt Cup, the 84th season of Egypt's premier knockout football cup competition. It was played on 8 August 2016 at Borg El Arab Stadium in Alexandria.
Zamalek, who have won the three previous finals, faced Al Ahly, the record-title holders who last won in 2007. Zamalek won the match 3–1 to secure their 4th consecutive and 25th overall title.
As Zamalek won the Cup, they will play against the 2015–16 Egyptian Premier League winner Al Ahly in the 2016 Egyptian Super Cup. Because both Zamalek and Al Ahly qualified for the Champions League, the spot awarded to the Cup winner (Confederation Cup) is passed to the fourth-placed team which were the next best teams in the table not already qualified for any African competition.

## Route to the final

The Egypt Cup is a thirty-two team single-elimination knockout cup competition. There are a total of four rounds leading up to the final. Teams are drawn against each other in pots, and the winner after 90 minutes advances. If still tied, extra time, and if necessary penalties are used to determine the winner.
| Zamalek | Zamalek | Round | Al Ahly | Al Ahly |
| Opponent | Result | 2016 Egypt Cup | Opponent | Result |
| Shabab El Daba'a | 2–0 | Round of 32 | Dayrout | 3–0 |
| Ittihad El Shorta | 2–1 | Round of 16 | Haras El Hodoud | 2–1 |
| Al Ittihad | 2–1 | Quarter-finals | Smouha | 1–0 |
| Ismaily | 4–0 | Semi-finals | ENPPI | 2–1 |

## Match
### Details

Zamalek were the "home" team (for administrative purposes), as they played the first semi-final match.
| Zamalek | Al Ahly |
| GK | 1 | Ahmed El Shenawy | 84' |
| RB | 6 | Shawky El Said |
| CB | 7 | Islam Gamal |
| CB | 25 | Ali Gabr |
| LB | 27 | Ali Fathy | | 76' |
| DM | 3 | Tarek Hamed |
| CM | 4 | Ahmed Tawfik |
| CM | 15 | Maarouf Youssef |
| RW | 10 | Mahmoud Shikabala (c) | | 51' |
| LW | 14 | Ayman Hefny | | 65' |
| FW | 17 | Basem Morsy | 7' |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 28 | Omar Salah |
| DF | 19 | Ahmed Duiedar |
| DF | 33 | Osama Ibrahim |
| MF | 11 | Mohamed Nasef | | 65' |
| MF | 5 | Ibrahim Salah | | 76' |
| FW | 9 | Ahmed Gaafar |
| FW | 30 | Mostafa Fathi | | 51' |
| Manager: ||
| Moamen Soliman ||
| GK | 13 | Ahmed Adel |
| RB | 3 | Ramy Rabia | 62' |
| CB | 20 | Saad Samir |
| LB | 6 | Sabri Raheel |
| DM | 25 | Hossam Ashour | | 68' |
| RM | 20 | Ahmed Fathy | 88' 90+1' |
| CM | 14 | Hossam Ghaly (c) | 65' 83' |
| LM | 11 | Walid Soliman | | 63' |
| AM | 8 | Moamen Zakaria |
| FW | 9 | Amr Gamal | | 58' |
| FW | 19 | Abdallah Said |
| Substitutes: ||
| GK | 16 | Mohamed El Shenawy |
| DF | 21 | Ali Maâloul |
| DF | 23 | Mohamed Nagieb |
| DF | 24 | Mohamed Hany |
| MF | 15 | Mohamed Gaber | | 68' |
| FW | 4 | Marwan Mohsen | | 63' |
| FW | 10 | Emad Moteab | | 58' |
| Manager: ||
| Martin Jol ||
| Assistant referees: Peter Berettyan (Hungary) Zsolt Varga (Hungary) Fourth official: Mohamed Maarouf (Egypt) | Match rules: 90 minutes. 30 minutes of extra time if necessary. Penalty shoot-out if scores still level. Seven named substitutes, of which up to three may be used. |
# Entephria lynda

Entephria lynda is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Entephria lynda is 7303.1.
# Zuiraku-en

Zuiraku-en (瑞楽園) is a Japanese dry landscape garden and nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty in the city of Hirosaki, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. The gardens are a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty.

## Overview

This garden was laid out in the late Meiji period and early Shōwa period as a Shoin-teien for the Tsushima family, who were very wealthy landlords under Hirosaki Domain in the Edo period. During the first phase of construction, from 1890 to 1905, Takahashi Teizan, the leading gardener of the Oishi Bugaku Ryu style of Japanese gardens, initiated the project. This was completed by two of his pupils from 1928 to 1936.
The garden occupies the wide space to the south side of a shoin-style building constructed in 1839. The garden features a dry fall, a dry pond and a stone bridge across the pond. A low miniature hill at the right side and a taller hill on the left side flank the garden, which also contains large rocks and tōrō (Japanese stone lanterns). The original design drawings of the gardens are also preserved at the site.
# Parmi

Parmi may refer to:
* Parmigiana, an Italian dish
* Chicken parmigiana, an Italian-American or Italian-Australian rendition of the above
* Pāramī, or paramita, a concept in Buddhism
* the variety of the Hindko language spoken in the Neelam Valley in Pakistan-administered Kashmir
# List of ambassadors of Eswatini to the United States

The Swazi Ambassador in Washington, D. C. is the official representative of the Government in Mbabane to the Government of the United States.

## List of representatives

| Diplomatic agreement/designated | Diplomatic accreditation | Ambassador | Observations | List of monarchs of Eswatini | List of presidents of the United States |
| September 13, 1968 | September 18, 1986 | Msindazwe Sukati | (*June 11, 1910, at Zabeni Royal Village in the Manzini district. 1977) | Sobhuza II | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| October 25, 1973 | November 9, 1973 | James Lawrence Funwayo Simelane | | Sobhuza II | Richard Nixon |
| January 24, 1977 | | Norman M. Vilakati | Chargé d'affaires | Sobhuza II | Jimmy Carter |
| March 15, 1977 | March 23, 1977 | Musa Simon Kunene | | Sobhuza II | Jimmy Carter |
| October 17, 1979 | | Norman M. Vilakati | Chargé d'affaires | Sobhuza II | Jimmy Carter |
| June 19, 1981 | July 10, 1981 | Lawrence Mfana Mncina | Minister of State for Foreign Affairs of Swaziland | Sobhuza II | Ronald Reagan |
| December 20, 1982 | | Philemon B. Dlamini | Chargé d'affaires | Mabandla Dlamini | Ronald Reagan |
| October 24, 1983 | November 21, 1983 | Peter Helemisi Mtetwa | February 22, 2013 ) | Mabandla Dlamini | Ronald Reagan |
| July 25, 1988 | September 19, 1988 | Absalom Vusani Mamba | (*born on April 6, 1940, in Manzini, Swaziland. Son of Zephaniah S. and Grace L. (Dlamini) Mamba.) | Mswati III | Ronald Reagan |
| October 3, 1994 | November 21, 1994 | May Madzandza Kanya | | Mswati III | Bill Clinton |
| September 26, 2005 | October 3, 2005 | Ephraim Mandla Hlophe | | Mswati III | George W. Bush |
| July 19, 2010 | August 10, 2010 | Abednigo Mandla Ntshangase | | Mswati III | Barack Obama |
38°54′47″N 77°02′26″W﻿ / ﻿38.913056°N 77.040556°W﻿ / 38.913056; -77.040556
# Oklahoma Farm Bureau

The Oklahoma Farm Bureau (OKFB) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting, protecting, and representing the interests of farmers and ranchers in Oklahoma and is the largest farm organization in the State. OKFB is the Oklahoma level partner of the American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF).

## History

The Oklahoma Farm Bureau was originally organized in 1942 as an independent farm organization. It was chartered under the laws of the state of Oklahoma on February 3, 1942, under the State's Cooperative Marketing Association Act. OKFB affiliated with the American Farm Bureau Federation on March 1, 1942, when the first cooperative agreement was signed between the two organizations.

## Overview

The Oklahoma Farm Bureau is an independent, non-governmental, non-partisan voluntary organization of farmers and ranchers who associate to promote their common interests. Each of Oklahoma's 77 counties have their own County Farm Bureau. Each County level office is individually organized and chartered under the Oklahoma non-profit laws. Each of the organized county Farm Bureaus has a Board of Directors. Bylaws governing county Farm Bureaus will vary from county to county as each is a separate entity.

## Leadership

The Oklahoma Farm Bureau is governed by a ten-member Board of Directors. One Director serves from each of OKFB's nine districts, while the President serves at large. As of 2019, the directors are as follows:
* Rodd Moesel - President
* Gary Crawley - Vice President, District 5
* James Fuser - Secretary, District 6
* Monte Tucker - Treasurer, District 2
* Alan Jett - District 1 Director
* David VonTungeln - District 3 Director
* Jimmy Wayne Kinder - District 4 Director
* Keith KIsling - District 7 Director
* John Grundmann - District 8 Director
* Jim Meek - District 9 Director
# Hispaniolan gracile anole

There are three species of lizard named Hispaniolan gracile anole:
* Anolis distichus, native to Hispaniola and the Bahamas, and introduced to Florida
* Anolis properus, found in the Dominican Republic
* Anolis ravitergum, found in the Dominican Republic
# European countries by employment in agriculture (% of employed)

This article presents data on agricultural employment in European countries .

## Map

The map uses the latest data from the World Bank as of August 2016. Numbers are in percentage.

## Table

The table uses data from the World Bank. Numbers are in percentage.
| Country | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
| Albania | 42 | | |
| Austria | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Belgium | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 19 | 19 | 20 |
| Bulgaria | 7 | 7 | 6 |
| Croatia | 15 | 15 | 14 |
| Cyprus | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| Czech Republic | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Denmark | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Estonia | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Finland | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| France | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Germany | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Greece | 13 | 12 | 13 |
| Georgia | 48 | 49 | 47 |
| Hungary | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Iceland | 10 | 7 | 6 |
| Ireland | 12 | 10 | 9 |
| Italy | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Latvia | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Lithuania | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| North Macedonia | 19 | 17 | |
| Malta | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Montenegro | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Netherlands | 3 | 3 |
| Norway | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Poland | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Portugal | 11 | 10 | 11 |
| Romania | 30 | 29 | 29 |
| Serbia | 22 | 21 | 21 |
| Slovenia | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Spain | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Sweden | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Switzerland | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Turkey | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Ukraine | 17 | 17 |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 1 | 1 |
# Entephria polata

Entephria polata is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1830. It is found from Fennoscandia to north-eastern Siberia. It is also present in northern North America.
The wingspan is 23–32 millimetres (0.91–1.26 in). Adults are on wing in July.
The larval food plants were unknown for a long time. But Itämies and Várkonyi reported (in 1997) the larvae on Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum. The larvae were observed to live on the buds of the plant in early summer. Several pupa of this species have been found in a web under rocks.

## Subspecies

* Entephria polata polata
* Entephria polata transsibirica Vasilenko, 1990
* Entephria polata brullei (Lefebvre, 1836)
* Entephria polata bradorata (Munroe, 1951)
* Entephria polata ursata (Munroe, 1951)
* Entephria polata kidluitata (Munroe, 1951)
* Entephria polata eleutiata (Munroe, 1951)
# Carole Ferrier

Carole Ferrier is an Australian feminist academic. She is Professor in English at the School of English, Media Studies and Art History at the University of Queensland. She has many published works about feminism, socialism, literature and culture. She has been the editor of the radical feminist academic journal Hecate since its inception in 1975.

## Early life

Ferrier was awarded a Bachelor of Arts Degree with Honours in London, and a PhD in New Zealand, at the University of Auckland. The title of her doctoral thesis was The earlier poetry of D. H. Lawrence: a variorum text, comprising all extant incunabula and published poems up to and including the year 1919. Ferrier helped establish the International Socialist Tendency in Australia in the 1970s, and was a prominent activist in various democratic rights struggles in Queensland from the 1970s.

## Academic work

Ferrier has lectured in English at the University of Queensland since 1973. She is currently Professor of Literature and Women's Studies at the School of Communication and Arts at the University of Queensland. Ferrier is also the Director of the Women, Gender, Culture and Social Change Research Group at the University of Queensland, a former president of the Australian Women's Studies Association and editor of Hecate and the Australian Women's Book Review.

## Publications and editorial work

Amongst her many other published works, Ferrier has authored Jean Devanny: Romantic Revolutionary (Melbourne University Press, 1999).
She has also edited
* Hecate: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Women's Liberation (as foundation editor])
* Radical Brisbane: An Unruly History. Melbourne: Vulgar Press 2004. (with Raymond Evans)
* Gender, Politics and Fiction: 20th Century Australian Women's Novels. St Lucia: UQP, 1992.
* Point of Departure: The Autobiography of Jean Devanny. St Lucia: UQP, 1986.
* As Good as a Yarn With You: Letters Between Franklin, Prichard, Devanny, Barnard, Eldershaw and Dark. Sydney: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
* Janet Frame: A Reader. London: Women's Press, 1995.

## Criticism

Ferrier's 1992 book Gender, Politics and Fiction was criticised as using orthodox Marxist doctrine, the phenomenology of Paul Feyerabend and Thomas Kuhn, the post-structuralist work of Jacques Derrida and Gilles Deleuze into an "epistemic certainty".
# Tinu Pappachan

Tinu Pappachan, is an Indian film director who works in malayalam cinema industry. He is known for his debut film Swathanthryam Ardharathriyil (2018).
He was born in kottarakara . He has previously assisted Lijo Jose Pellissery and worked with him in numerous films.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Writer | Actors |
| 2018 | Swathanthryam Ardharathriyil | Dileep Kurian | Antony Varghese, Vinayakan, Chemban Vinod Jose |
| 2021 | Ajagajantharam | Kichu Tellus, Vineeth Vishwam | Antony Varghese, Arjun Ashokan |
| 2023 | Chaaver | Joy Mathew | Kunchacko Boban, Arjun Ashokan, Antony Varghese |
# Zhoujiazhuang station

Zhoujiazhuang station (Chinese: 周家庄站; pinyin: Zhōujiāzhuāng zhàn) is a subway station on Line 17 of the Beijing Subway. The station opened on December 31, 2021.

## Features

The station has an underground island platform. There are 4 exits, lettered A, B, C and D. Exits A and C are accessible via elevators.
# Evolution@Home

evolution@home was a volunteer computing project for evolutionary biology, launched in 2001. The aim of evolution@home is to improve understanding of evolutionary processes. This is achieved by simulating individual-based models. The Simulator005 module of evolution@home was designed to better predict the behaviour of Muller's ratchet.
The project was operated semi-automatically; participants had to manually download tasks from the webpage and submit results by email using this method of operation. yoyo@home used a BOINC wrapper to completely automate this project by automatically distributing tasks and collecting their results. Therefore, the BOINC version was a complete volunteer computing project. yoyo@home has declared its involvement in this project finished.
# List of storms named Zack

The name Zack has been used to name two tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific:
* Tropical Storm Zack (1992) (T9223, 23W) – a tropical storm that remained over the open western Pacific Ocean.
* Typhoon Zack (1995) (T9520, 28W, Pepang) – a Category 4 equivalent typhoon that struck the Philippines and Vietnam, killing 110 people.
# Notobubastes

Notobubastes is a genus of beetles in the family Buprestidae, containing the following species:
* Notobubastes aurosulcata Carter, 1924
* Notobubastes costata Carter, 1924
* Notobubastes occidentalis Carter, 1924
* Notobubastes orientalis Carter, 1924
# Carole Facal

Carole Facal is a Canadian singer-songwriter from Quebec who writes and performs in both English and French under the stage name Caracol.

## Early life

Born to an Uruguayan father and a Swiss mother and raised in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Facal was trained in classical violin. Always athletic, she left home at 17 to pursue a career as a snowboarder in British Columbia. There, she purchased a guitar and began to write her own music.

## Career

Facal ultimately returned to Quebec and joined the reggae group Kaliroots, also forming (in 1998) a dreadlocked duet act called DobaCaracol with Dorianne Fabreg (Doba). DobaCaracol (the name is a fusion of the two singers' stage names) had a percussive world music sound and toured internationally. The group released two albums, Le Calme Son (2001) and SOLEY (2004). SOLEY sold more than 100,000 copies worldwide, was certified Gold in Canada, and won a Félix Award. Their profile was raised in English Canada with their performance at the 2005 Live 8 Toronto concert.
DobaCaracol broke up in 2007, after which Facal began work on her first solo album, L'arbre aux parfums, released in September 2008. The album, which is an eclectic mix of reggae, rocksteady and numerous other musical influences, was released to acclaim and led to two cash awards and a Juno nomination for Francophone Album of the Year.
In December 2009 she was scheduled to play as the lead act for Serena Ryder on a brief tour of Atlantic Canada. A European tour (France, Belgium, and Switzerland) followed in March 2010.
Her 2011 release was entitled Blanc mercredi, followed by the album Shiver in 2012, which was the first one consequently in English language.
Caracol released an album in November 2018 named Symbolism. The album originated with an encounter with producer Joey Waronker (Beck, Atoms for Peace) during a creative trip to Los Angeles. After he fell in love with her demos, he decided to work with her. They went on to record 12 songs where Caracol reached a new height in authenticity and artistic expression. She then continued the exploration at her headquarters of Studio de l'Est, with her long-time allies Seb Ruban & Toast Dawg, producers from Montreal. Symbolism also involved a collaboration with multidisciplinary artists The Doodys and artistic director Fred Caron.

## Personal life

Carole Facal is a younger sister of the Quebec politician Joseph Facal, a former Parti Québécois cabinet minister.
She has a child with her boyfriend.
# 2008 Guadiana Trophy

The 2008 Guadiana Trophy competition took place between 25–27 July 2008 and featured Benfica, Sporting Clube de Portugal, and Blackburn Rovers. Sporting won in the final match against rivals Benfica.
# Evolution & Development

Evolution & Development is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing material at the interface of evolutionary and developmental biology. Within evolutionary developmental biology, it has the aim of aiding a broader synthesis of biological thought in these two areas. Its scope ranges from paleontology and population biology, to developmental and molecular biology, including mathematics and the history and philosophy of science.
It was established in 1999 by five biologists: Wallace Arthur, Sean B. Carroll, Michael Coates, Rudolf Raff, and Gregory Wray. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.