OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Victoria Morton

Victoria Morton (born 1971) is a Scottish contemporary visual artist who works in paint, sculpture and installation.

## Biography

Morton was born in Glasgow and trained at the Glasgow School of Art from 1989 to 1993, completing her master's degree there in 1995.
Morton was selected for the New Art in Scotland exhibition at the Glasgow Centre for Contemporary Arts (1994) and Aberdeen Art Gallery (1995). Her work was included in Loaded: A Contemporary View of British Painting at the Ikon Gallery, Birmingham (1996).
In 2014 she exhibited at The Modern Institute, Glasgow, and with Mouth Wave at the Rat Hole Gallery, Tokyo. In 2016 Morton's work was shown at Glasgow Gallery of Modern Art's exhibition Devils in the Making, an exhibition recognising GSA's contribution to the city's artistic life. Also in 2016, Morton exhibited with Spoken Yeahs from a Distance at Sadie Coles HQ, London.
Morton has also exhibited at the following venues (among others):
* Fruitmarket Gallery
* Inverleith House
* Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
She was a member of the Glasgow performance collective, Elizabeth Go.
In 2016 the McManus Galleries in Dundee acquired three of Morton's abstract works.

## Art practice

Morton primarily works in paint. Her practice demonstrates a continued interest in the interplay between colour and memory.
Morton's earlier work explored methods of application, including spraying onto the canvas and the use of different objects to apply the paint. While her earlier paintings demonstrate an interest in organic forms, her later paintings have exhibited a more geometric style. Morton's work has been described as seeming to ‘hover between abstraction and representation’.
Morton has stated that she is inspired by a broad range of source material including fashion design and fine art.

## Solo exhibitions

* 2002: Night Geometry, Gavin Brown's Enterprise, New York
* 2002: Pleasure and Practice, Transmission Gallery, Glasgow
* 2001: Sadie Coles HQ, London and Galerie Enja Wonneberger, Kiel
* 1999: The Modern Institute, Glasgow
* 1999: Decapoca, The Changing Room, Stirling
* 1997: Dirty Burning, 33 Great Sutton St., London and Gallery Tre, Stockholm
* 1996: Out of the Web, Fringe Gallery, Castlemilk, Glasgow, Transmission Gallery, Glasgow and Pier Arts Centre, Orkney
* 1995: Wilkes Dalriada, Glasgow
# Vermunden

Vermunden is a lake in Åsnes Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 3.45-square-kilometre (1.33 sq mi) lake lies in the Finnskogen area, just about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) east of the border with Sweden. The small village of Vermundsjøen lies at the north end of the lake, where Åsnes Finnskog Church is located.
# Wilhelm Beuttel

Friedrich Wilhelm Beuttel (10 August 1900 – 27 July 1944) was a German communist and resistance fighter against Nazism.
Beuttel, a tailor, was born into a metal workers' family in Karlsruhe but grew up in Friedberg. He joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) in 1917, but left it for the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) together with the left wing of the USPD in 1920. In 1922, Beuttel was elected city councilor of Friedberg for the KPD. From 1929–1931, he attended a communist training course at the International Lenin School in Moscow. After returning to Germany, he became organizational head of the Frankfurt am Main branch of the KPD and was elected to the state parliament of Hesse in 1932.
After the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, Beuttel fled to Paris. There, he took over the leadership of the Rote Hilfe, a communist aid organization supporting leftist victims of political repression. He was transferred from Paris to Amsterdam in 1936, and went underground before German troops invaded and occupied the Netherlands in 1940, while his partner, Maria Rentmeister, was arrested by the Gestapo. In the late summer of 1942, Beuttel returned to Germany in order to support the anti-Nazi resistance struggle.
In early February 1943, Beuttel was arrested by the Gestapo. He was sentenced to death by the People's Court and executed in Cologne on 27 July 1944.
# Ceratocystis cacaofunesta

Ceratocystis cacaofunesta is an ascomycete fungus that causes a wilt disease in cacao trees. It has led to significant economic losses in Latin America.

## Taxonomy

Once considered to be a form of Ceratocystis fimbriata, the fungus was described as a new species in 2005. The specific epithet "cacaofunesta" means "cacao-killing". Two closely related sublineages exist within this species, one centered in western Ecuador and the other containing isolates from Brazil, Colombia and Costa Rica.

## Ceratocystis wilt of cacao

The disease known as "Ceratocystis wilt of cacao" (or "Mal de machete") is a serious disease of the cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao) in Latin America. The fungus is indigenous to Central and South America.
This fungus is able to penetrate cacao trees through stem wounds that are caused either by insects or through infected cutting tools. Wounds made by harvesting pods, removing stem sprouts or weeding may become infected. The disease is a systemic infection that damages the entire plant. The fungus enters its host through the xylem, causing a deep stain leading to the obstruction of water and nutrient transport. It moves systemically through the plant. Eventually, the plant turns yellow and then brown, leading to wilting and the sudden death of the tree.
The disease has been of major importance in Costa Rica, Trinidad and Tobago, Ecuador, parts of Colombia and Venezuela. In the 1990s, C. cacaofunesta was introduced to the southern region of Bahia, which is the largest Brazilian cacao-producing state. This disease is responsible for reductions in the cacao population in plantation areas, which has resulted in great economic losses in the affected regions. The fungus has killed as many as half of the trees in some locations.
# Tradition (film)

Tradition is a short film by Sri Lankan female director and actress Lanka Bandaranayake. It stars Irangani Serasinha.

## Plot

An old woman decorates a bride with traditional Sri Lankan jewellery. She describes the symbolic meaning of each jewellery piece. Those meanings carry the girl to her past relationships and their deep scars. The bride's destiny seems illusive.

## Cast

* Kalum Gamlath as Girl
* Irangani Serasinha as Woman
* Sameera Lakmal as Boy 01
* Nilanka Dahanayaka as Boy 02
* Arunod Wijesinha as Boy 03
* Kalana Gunasekara as Boy 04
* Anjana Premarathna as Boy 05
* Rajeev Ananda as Man
# 2022 Australian Open – Wheelchair men's doubles

Two-time defending champions Alfie Hewett and Gordon Reid defeated Gustavo Fernández and Shingo Kunieda in the final, 6–2, 4–6, [10–7] to win the men's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2022 Australian Open.

## Seeds

* Alfie Hewett / Gordon Reid (champions)
* Joachim Gérard / Stéphane Houdet (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Bracket

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Alfie Hewett Gordon Reid | 7 | 6 | | | | | |
| | Tom Egberink Ben Weekes | 5 | 2 | | | | | |
| | Tom Egberink Ben Weekes | 5 | 2 | 1 | Alfie Hewett Gordon Reid | 6 | 4 | [10] |
| | | | | | Gustavo Fernández Shingo Kunieda | 2 | 6 | [7] |
| | Gustavo Fernández Shingo Kunieda | 6 | 6 | | Gustavo Fernández Shingo Kunieda | 2 | 6 | [7] |
| 2 | Joachim Gérard Stéphane Houdet | 3 | 2 | | | | | |
# Polyorama Panoptique

The Polyorama Panoptique was an optical toy popular from the 1820s through to the 1850s. It was invented by Pierre Seguin as development of the earlier "protean view". The device was based on Daguerre's Diorama, of which it was a small-scale and simplified version intended for domestic use. It consisted of a portable box-camera designed to take printed and painted cards.
The box was attached to a concertina device allowing for adjustment. This had an eye-sized viewing lens at the end that was not attached to the box. The illustration card would be inserted at the back of the box, which would be held up to the light. It would then be viewed through the lens. Most cards would be designed to include small cut-out parts through which the light would pass. Other parts of the cards may be made of thinner material to create a glowing effect. The empty parts would typically represent windows or street lights, so that the card's scene would appear to be illuminated by light from these sources.
The device also included separate doors at the back which allowed the user to control the degree and direction of light. Cards were designed to change appearance depending on which door was opened, so that a scene might appear to alter, for example, from a daytime to a nighttime view.
# Paul Wintrebert

Paul Wintrebert (1867–1966) was a French embryologist and a theoretician of developmental biology.
He coined the term cytoskeleton (cytosquelette) in 1931.
He held radical epigenetic views. In his 60s, he published a trilogy in which he describes his position on life process and living being: Le vivant créateur de son évolution (The living being is the creator of his own evolution) (1962), Le développement du vivant par lui-même (The self-development of the living being) (1963), and L'existence délivrée de l'existentialisme (Existence delivered from existentialism) (1965).
He was a critic of the mutationist theory of evolution. His views have been described as a "biochemical Lamarckism".
# William Parks

William, Will, Bill, or Billy Parks may refer to:
* William Parks (publisher), (1699–1750) eighteenth century colonial America printer and publisher
* William Parks (paleontologist) (1868–1936), Canadian geologist and paleontologist
* William Parks (baseball) (1885–?), American baseball player
* William Parks (Alamo defender)
* William Parks (sailor) (1921–2008), American Olympic sailor
* Bill Parks (1849–1911), American baseball player and manager
* Billy Parks (1948–2009), American football player
* Will Parks (born 1994), American football player
# Tillandsia rusbyi

Tillandsia rusbyi is a species of flowering plant in the family Bromeliaceae. This species is native to Bolivia.
# Will Angus

William Francis Angus (born 16 April 1999) is an English former first-class cricketer.
Angus was born at Bishop Auckland in April 1999. He was educated in County Durham at both Parkside Academy and Durham Sixth Form Centre, before going up to Durham University. While studying at Durham, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Durham MCCU against Northamptonshire at Northampton in 2019. Batting once in the match, he was dismissed without scoring in the Durham MCCU first innings by Rob Keogh, while with his off break bowling he took 2 wickets in Northamptonshire's first innings, dismissing Ricardo Vasconcelos and Adam Rossington to take figures of 2 for 71. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Angus has also played minor counties cricket for Northumberland.
# Ceratocystiopsis

Ceratocystiopsis is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Ophiostomataceae, which infect bark.
# Eleven-string alto guitar

The eleven-string alto guitar (also known as altgitarr, archguitar, or Bolin guitar) is an extended-range classical guitar developed by Swedish luthier Georg Bolin in the 1960s.
Original Bolin instruments are now rare and valuable. The Bolin alto guitar most often has eleven strings, but Bolin also made a thirteen-string version.
The 11-string alto guitar is a multi-string classical guitar, which generally refers to classical guitars with more than six strings. Classical guitars with extra strings can have from seven to 13 or more strings. However, an 11-string is the most useful for performing lute music, particularly Bach and Weiss. The first six strings are tuned in the same intervals as the normal classic guitar. Therefore, a musician can play with conventional fingering on those strings.
In the United States, luthier Walter Stanul makes performance instruments ranging from 11 to 13-strings called the Archguitar. The design and the body shape of this guitar is similar to the vihuela, and thus it is fundamentally different from the Bolin design.

## History

Georg Bolin first constructed 11-string alto guitar with collaboration with Swedish guitarist Per-Olof Johnson in the 1960s. Johnson is the teacher of a well-known guitarist Göran Söllscher who made this instrument famous through his extensive usage of Bolin's 11-string alto guitar.
Johnson was fond of lute music, but the difference in playing techniques between guitar and lute is significant, and he was looking for a way to play lute music using guitar playing technique. Thus, the design goal was specifically to allow guitarists to play renaissance lute music.
This design introduced two main elements. The first was to provide conventional lute tuning by tuning the first six strings a minor third higher (hence the name "alto guitar"). It is equivalent to putting a capo on the third fret of the normal prime guitar. The second element was to add five extra strings to accommodate low notes.

## Tuning

The typical 11-string alto guitar tuning is (from low to high strings): Bb1 C2 D2 Eb2 F2 G2 C3 F3 Bb3 D4 G4.

## Makers

Current luthiers who build 11-string alto guitars, primarily located in Sweden, include Heikki Rousu and Roger Strömberg. Ermanno Chiavi in Switzerland is known for his 13-string guitar built for Anders Miolin, but he builds 11-string guitars as well. Chiavi's guitar has the scale length of a normal classical guitar, 650mm, and is tuned in the same manner as classical guitar. Therefore, it is technically not an "alto" guitar. Yoshimitsu Hoshino in Japan built 11-string alto guitars with the same specification with Bolin's design in 1980s. However, he no longer makes them. Based in Paris, Liberto Planas is considered as one of the leading experts of the 11-string guitar with more than 90 instruments with his signature.

## Performers

Some of the guitarists who use the instrument are as follows:
* Göran Söllscher
* Peder Riis
* Paulo Martelli
* Kozo Kanatani
* Andreas Koch
* Moran Wasser
# Chanos-Curson

Chanos-Curson is a commune of the Drôme department in southeastern France.
# Polyortha biezankoi

Polyortha biezankoi is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil.
# United Nations Department of Field Support

The Department of Field Support (DFS) was a department of the United Nations dedicated to the support of peacekeeping field missions and political field missions. Following the UN Secretary-general's management reform, it ceased to exist on 31 December 2018. In January 2019, the new Department of Operational Support was created.

## Area of responsibility

United Nations General Assembly report A/64/633 (26 January 2010) states the following about the DFS' role:
   "Protecting and nurturing a fragile peace is a critical role of the United Nations. This endeavour depends upon a coalition of will and action on the part of multiple actors: the Security Council, in terms of setting mandates; the Member States, in their commitment of personnel and financial and material resources; the host countries, and their consent and cooperation; and the Secretariat and its own ability to stand up, support and sustain operations. Within this framework, the Department of Field Support was created to be primarily responsible for the mobilization all human, material and support services necessary to ensure that United Nations field missions are largely self-sufficient and can succeed under a wide range of post-conflict conditions."

## Organization

The Department of Field Support was headed by Mr. Atul Khare from 2 March 2015 to 31 December 2018, following the departure of Under-Secretary-General Ms. Ameerah Haq. The department has four main divisions:
* Field Personnel Division
* Field Budget and Finance Division
* Logistics Support Division
* Information & Communications Technology Division
It also runs bases in UN Global Service Center (UNGSC) in Brindisi (UNLB) and Valencia (UNSBV), as well as Regional Service Center in Entebbe (RSCE).
Founded in 2010, the UN Global Service Center's mandate is to "ensure efficient and effective peace operations through the core logistics, geospatial, information and telecommunications technology services it provides."
Founded in 2010 as part of the Global Field Support Strategy (GFSS) in UNGA Resolution 64/269, the Regional Service Center in Entebbe's mandate is to "transform service delivery to field missions through a fundamental shift in the existing division of labor and a relocation of functions to improve responsiveness and address the needs of the field missions."

## Personnel

Field Service Officers are civilians assigned to support UN peacekeeping and political missions in the field. DFS provides support in the areas of security, finance, administration, human resources, logistics and technology.

## History of the DFS

The origins of the Field Service go back to the beginning of the history of the UN's peacekeeping operations in 1948 when the Security Council authorized the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East. The mission's role was to monitor the Armistice Agreement between Israel and its Arab neighbours – an operation which became known as the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO). The office was created in 2007 to provide dedicated support to peacekeeping field missions and political field missions.
# Megachile pinguiventris

Megachile pinguiventris is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Pasteels in 1965.
# Wild Horses – The Nashville Album

Wild Horses – The Nashville Album is the seventeenth studio album by British rock band Smokie, released on 25 February 1998 by CMC Records.

## Track listing

* "Desperate Measures" (Chuck Jones, Greg Swint) – 3:46
* "Wrong Reasons" (Duet with Maggie Reilly) (Rick Giles, Winston Sela) – 3:59
* "And the Night Stood Still" (Diane Warren) – 4:02
* "She Rides Wild Horses" (Ted Hewitt, Bob Corbin) – 3:30
* "When It's the Right Time" (Taylor Rhodes, James Dean Hicks) – 3:49
* "Looking for You" (Jess Brown, Jim Denton) – 4:15
* "Ain't It Funny How It Works" (John Jarrard, George Teren) – 3:02
* "All She Ever Really Wanted" (Steve Seskin, Al Anderson) – 2:56
* "No Rest for the Wounded Heart" (Curt Cuomo, Robert Tepper) – 5:33
* "When the Walls Come Down" (Kim Carnes, Greg Barnhill) – 3:59
* "Goodbye Yesterday's Heartache" (Jim Daddario, Greg Barnhill) – 4:01
* "If You Think You Know How to Love Me" (US version) (Mike Chapman, Nicky Chinn) – 5:27

## Personnel
### Smokie

* Mike Craft – lead vocal and guitar
* Terry Uttley – bass and vocals
* Martin Bullard – keyboards
* Steve Pinnell – drums and percussion
* Mick McConnell – guitars and vocals

### Additional musicians

* Paul Franklin – steel guitar

### Production

* Produced by Barry Beckett
* Production coordinator – Regena Warden
* Recorded at Mastertonics Studios in Nashville, Tennessee by Pete Greene, assisted by David Boyer
* Special computer editing – David Boyer
* Mixed at Iliad Studios in Nashville, Tennessee by Pete Greene, assisted by David Boyer and John Koontz
* Mastered at Gateway Mastering in Portland, Maine by Brian K. Lee
* "Wrong Reasons" recorded at Mastertonics Studios / Townhouse Studios in London
** Mixed at Iliad Studios
** Additional mix at Puk Recording Studio in Denmark
* Additional mix and recording by Peter Iversen
* Cover and artwork – Michael Rix and Jens Merch

## Charts

| Chart (1998) | Peak position |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 19 |
# Ceratocystis corymbiicola

Ceratocystis corymbiicola is a plant pathogen, affecting Australian Eucalyptus species. It was first isolated from tree wounds and nitidulid beetles associated with these wounds.
# Zaira

Zaira may refer to:

## People

* Zaira Bas (born 1994), Spanish beauty queen
* Zaira Cosico, Filipino ballerina
* Zaira Nara (born 1988), Argentine model
* Zaira Ollano (1904–1997), Italian physicist
* Zaira Wasim (born 2000), Indian Bollywood actress

## Other uses

* Zaira (fly), a parasitic fly
* Zaira (opera), an Italian opera based on Voltaire's play Zaïre
* Zaira, a small town on Vangunu, Solomon Islands
# Treaty of Neutrality (Yorkshire)

The Treaty of Neutrality signed on 29 September 1642 by Lord Fairfax for Parliament and Henry Bellasis for the Royalists, the two Knights of the Shire who represented Yorkshire in Parliament, with the support and agreement of other gentlemen of the county, in the hope of avoiding civil war in Yorkshire. The treaty was disowned by Parliament on 4 October 1642.
# Fernando González (swimmer)

Fernando González (born 26 August 1950) is an Ecuadorian former swimmer. He competed in three events at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Almond Formation

The Almond Formation is a geological formation of Late Cretaceous (Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian) age in Wyoming. It was deposited in marsh, deltaic, lagoonal, estuarine, and shallow marine environments along the western shore of the Western Interior Seaway. It consists primarily of fine- to medium-grained sandstone, siltstone, shale, and coal. Fossils from the Almond Formation include remains of dinosaurs and plants.

## Vertebrate paleofauna
### Dinosaurs

| Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon | Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |
Dinosaurs of the Almond Formation :
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anchiceratops | Indeterminate | | Represents a new genus and species of unnamed ceratopsid | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Dromaeosaurus | Indeterminate | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Edmontonia | Indeterminate | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Edmontosaurus | Indeterminate | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Maiasaura | Indeterminate | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Paronychodon | P. lacustris | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Saurolophus | S. sp. | One specimen (AMNH 3651) consisting of partial cranial and postcranial remains, as well as skin impressions | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Thescelosaurus | Indeterminate | | | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |
| Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid | Unnamed | | Misidentified as Anchiceratops, it is actually a new species of Pentaceratops-like form that is the sister taxon to Bisticeratops. Holotype was discovered in 1937. | Dromaeosaurus Edmontonia Edmontosaurus Thescelosaurus Unnamed chasmosaurine ceratopsid |

### Other vertebrates

Non-dinosaur vertebrates found in the Almond Formation include crocodyliforms (indet.), turtles (Adocus cf. and Basilemys cf.), and ray-finned fish (Ichthyodectidae indet.).
# Eric Talbot

Eric Talbot is an American comic book writer and artist known for his work on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series under Mirage Studios. He was hired by long-time classmate and friend Kevin Eastman.
Talbot is a professional Tattoo artist working at Oxbow Tattoo in Easthampton MA
Talbot co-created the graphic novel The Melting Pot along with Kevin Eastman and Simon Bisley, which was used as the basis for the film Heavy Metal 2000.
# Butre, Ghana

Butre is a village in the Ahanta West district, district in the Western Region of Ghana. Butre contains the Fort Batenstein Castle.