# 2006 term opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States

The 2006 term of the Supreme Court of the United States began October 2, 2006, and concluded September 30, 2007. The table illustrates which opinion was filed by each justice in each case and which justices joined each opinion.

## Table key

| | Delivered the Court's opinion | Joined the Court's opinion | Filed a concurrence | Joined a concurrence |
| | Filed a dissent | Joined a dissent | Filed a concurrence/dissent | Joined a concurrence/dissent |
| | Did not participate in the decision |
| Decisions that do not note an argument date were decided without oral argument. Decisions that do not note a Justice delivering the Court's opinion are per curiam. Multiple concurrences and dissents within a case are numbered, with joining votes numbered accordingly. Justices frequently join multiple opinions in a single case; each vote is subdivided accordingly. An asterisk ( * ) in the Court's opinion denotes that it was only a majority in part or a plurality. An asterisk in a joining vote denotes that the justice joined it only in part. A dash ( - ) denotes that the Justice voted without filing or joining an opinion. ||||||||

## 2006 term opinions

| # | Case name and citation | Argued | Decided | Roberts | Stevens | Scalia | Kennedy | Souter | Thomas | Ginsburg | Breyer | Alito |
| 1 | Purcell v. Gonzalez, 549 U.S. 1 | | October 20, 2006 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Ayers v. Belmontes, 549 U.S. 7 | October 3, 2006 | November 13, 2006 | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Lopez v. Gonzales, 549 U.S. 47 | October 3, 2006 | December 5, 2006 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Toledo-Flores v. United States, 549 U.S. 69 | October 3, 2006 | December 5, 2006 | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Carey v. Musladin, 549 U.S. 70 | October 11, 2006 | December 11, 2006 | | 1 | | 2 | 3 | | | | |
| 6 | BP America Production Co. v. Burton, 549 U.S. 84 | October 4, 2006 | December 11, 2006 | | | | | | | | | |
| 7 | United States v. Resendiz-Ponce, 549 U.S. 102 | October 10, 2006 | January 9, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 8 | MedImmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc., 549 U.S. 118 | October 4, 2006 | January 9, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 9 | Burton v. Stewart, 549 U.S. 147 | | January 9, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 10 | Norfolk Southern R. Co. v. Sorrell, 549 U.S. 158 | October 10, 2006 | January 10, 2007 | | | 1 | | 1 | | 2 | | 1 |
| 11 | Gonzales v. Duenas-Alvarez, 549 U.S. 183 | December 5, 2006 | January 17, 2007 | | * | | | | | | | |
| 12 | Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199 | October 30, 2006 | January 22, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 13 | Osborn v. Haley, 549 U.S. 225 | October 30, 2006 | January 22, 2007 | | | | | *1 | | | *2 | |
| 14 | Cunningham v. California, 549 U.S. 270 | October 11, 2006 | January 22, 2007 | | | | 12 | | | | 12 | 2 |
| 15 | Weyerhaeuser Co. v. Ross-Simmons Hardwood Lumber Co., 549 U.S. 312 | November 28, 2006 | February 20, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 16 | Lawrence v. Florida, 549 U.S. 327 | October 31, 2006 | February 20, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 17 | Philip Morris USA v. Williams, 549 U.S. 346 | October 31, 2006 | February 20, 2007 | | 1 | 3 | | | 23 | 3 | | |
| 18 | Marrama v. Citizens Bank of Massachusetts, 549 U.S. 365 | November 6, 2006 | February 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 19 | Wallace v. Kato, 549 U.S. 384 | November 6, 2006 | February 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 20 | Whorton v. Bockting, 549 U.S. 406 | November 1, 2006 | February 28, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 21 | Sinochem Int'l Co. v. Malaysia Int'l Shipping Corp., 549 U.S. 422 | January 9, 2007 | March 5, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 22 | Lance v. Coffman, 549 U.S. 437 | | March 5, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 23 | Travelers Casualty & Surety Co. v. Pacific Gas & Elec. Co., 549 U.S. 443 | January 16, 2007 | March 20, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 24 | Rockwell Int'l Corp. v. United States, 549 U.S. 457 | December 5, 2006 | March 27, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 25 | Limtiaco v. Camacho, 549 U.S. 483 | January 8, 2007 | March 27, 2007 | | * | | | * | | * | | * |
| 26 | Massachusetts v. EPA, 549 U.S. 497 | November 29, 2006 | April 2, 2007 | 12 | | 12 | | | 12 | | | 12 |
| 27 | Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp., 549 U.S. 561 | November 1, 2006 | April 2, 2007 | | | | | | * | | | |
| 28 | Watters v. Wachovia Bank, N. A., 550 U.S. 1 | November 29, 2006 | April 17, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 29 | Global Crossing Telecomm. v. Metrophones Telecomm., 550 U.S. 45 | October 10, 2006 | April 17, 2007 | | | 1 | | | 2 | | | |
| 30 | Zuni Public School District No. 89 v. Department of Education, 550 U.S. 81 | January 10, 2007 | April 17, 2007 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1*2 | 1 | | | 2 |
| 31 | Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 | November 8, 2006 | April 18, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 32 | James v. United States, 550 U.S. 192 | November 7, 2006 | April 18, 2007 | | 1 | 1 | | | 2 | 1 | | |
| 33 | Abdul-Kabir v. Quarterman, 550 U.S. 233 | January 17, 2007 | April 25, 2007 | 1 | | 12 | | | 12 | | | 12* |
| 34 | Brewer v. Quarterman, 550 U.S. 286 | January 17, 2007 | April 25, 2007 | 1 | | 12 | | | 12 | | | 12* |
| 35 | Smith v. Texas, 550 U.S. 297 | January 17, 2007 | April 25, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 36 | United Haulers Assn. v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Mgmt. Auth., 550 U.S. 330 | January 8, 2007 | April 30, 2007 | * | | 1 | | | 2 | | | |
| 37 | Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372 | February 26, 2007 | April 30, 2007 | | | | | | | 1 | 2 | |
| 38 | KSR Int'l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550 U.S. 398 | November 28, 2006 | April 30, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 39 | EC Term of Years Trust v. United States, 550 U.S. 429 | February 26, 2007 | April 30, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 40 | Microsoft Corp. v. AT&T Corp., 550 U.S. 437 | February 21, 2007 | April 30, 2007 | | | | | | | * | | |
| 41 | Schriro v. Landrigan, 550 U.S. 465 | January 9, 2007 | May 14, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 42 | Hinck v. United States, 550 U.S. 501 | April 23, 2007 | May 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 43 | Office of Senator Mark Dayton v. Hanson, 550 U.S. 511 | April 24, 2007 | May 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 44 | Winkelman v. Parma City School District, 550 U.S. 516 | February 27, 2007 | May 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 45 | Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544 | November 27, 2006 | May 21, 2007 | | | | | | | * | | |
| 46 | Roper v. Weaver, 550 U.S. 598 | March 21, 2007 | May 21, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 47 | Los Angeles County v. Rettele, 550 U.S. 609 | | May 21, 2007 | | | | | - | | | | |
| 48 | Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., 550 U.S. 618 | November 27, 2006 | May 29, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 49 | Uttecht v. Brown, 551 U.S. 1 | April 17, 2007 | June 4, 2007 | | 1 | | | 12 | | 1 | 12 | |
| 50 | Safeco Insurance Co. of America v. Burr, 551 U.S. 47 | January 16, 2007 | June 4, 2007 | | *1 | * | | | *2 | *1 | | *2 |
| 51 | Sole v. Wyner, 551 U.S. 74 | April 17, 2007 | June 4, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 52 | Claiborne v. United States, 551 U.S. 87 | February 20, 2007 | June 4, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 53 | Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89 | | June 4, 2007 | | | - | | | | | | |
| 54 | Beck v. PACE Int'l. Union, 551 U.S. 96 | April 24, 2007 | June 11, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 55 | Fry v. Pliler, 551 U.S. 112 | March 20, 2007 | June 11, 2007 | | *1 | | | *1 | | *1 | *1*2 | |
| 56 | United States v. Atlantic Research Corp., 551 U.S. 128 | April 23, 2007 | June 11, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 57 | Watson v. Philip Morris Cos., 551 U.S. 142 | April 25, 2007 | June 11, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 58 | Long Island Care at Home, Ltd. v. Coke, 551 U.S. 158 | April 16, 2007 | June 11, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 59 | Davenport v. Washington Ed. Assn., 551 U.S. 177 | January 10, 2007 | June 14, 2007 | * | | | | | | | * | * |
| 60 | Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations v. City of New York, 551 U.S. 193 | April 24, 2007 | June 14, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 61 | Bowles v. Russell, 551 U.S. 205 | March 26, 2007 | June 14, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 62 | Powerex Corp. v. Reliant Energy Services, Inc., 551 U.S. 224 | April 16, 2007 | June 18, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 63 | Brendlin v. California, 551 U.S. 249 | April 23, 2007 | June 18, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 64 | Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC v. Billing, 551 U.S. 264 | March 27, 2007 | June 18, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 65 | Tenn. Secondary Sch. Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy, 551 U.S. 291 | April 18, 2007 | June 21, 2007 | *1 | * | *1 | *1 | | 2 | | | *1 |
| 66 | Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308 | March 28, 2007 | June 21, 2007 | | | 1 | | | | | | 2 |
| 67 | Rita v. United States, 551 U.S. 338 | February 20, 2007 | June 21, 2007 | | 1 | *2 | | | *2 | 1* | | |
| 68 | Morse v. Frederick, 551 U.S. 393 | March 19, 2007 | June 25, 2007 | | | | 2 | | 1 | | | 2 |
| 69 | Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, 551 U.S. 449 | April 25, 2007 | June 25, 2007 | * | | *1 | *1 | | *1 | | | 2 |
| 70 | Wilkie v. Robbins, 551 U.S. 537 | March 19, 2007 | June 25, 2007 | | * | | | | | * | | |
| 71 | Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc., 551 U.S. 587 | February 28, 2007 | June 25, 2007 | | | 1 | 2 | | 1 | | | * |
| 72 | National Assn. of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife, 551 U.S. 644 | April 17, 2007 | June 25, 2007 | | 1 | | | 1 | | 1 | 12 | |
| 73 | Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle Sch. Dist. No. 1, 551 U.S. 701 | December 4, 2006 | June 28, 2007 | * | 12 | | *1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 74 | Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc., 551 U.S. 877 | March 26, 2007 | June 28, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| 75 | Panetti v. Quarterman, 551 U.S. 930 | April 18, 2007 | June 28, 2007 | | | | | | | | | |
| # | Case name and citation | Argued | Decided | Roberts | Stevens | Scalia | Kennedy | Souter | Thomas | Ginsburg | Breyer | Alito |

## 2006 term membership and statistics

This was the second term of Chief Justice Roberts' tenure and the first full term with the same membership; Justice Alito joined the Court during the 2005 term.

### Membership, opinions delivered, and frequency in majority

| Justice | Justice | Appointment history | Appointment history | Agreement with judgment | Agreement with judgment | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed | Opinions filed |
| Seniority | Name | President | Date confirmed | % | # | | | | | Total |
| Chief Justice | John Roberts | George W. Bush | September 29, 2005 | 88.9% | 64/72 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 11 |
| Associate Justice | John Paul Stevens | Gerald Ford | December 19, 1975 | 62.7% | 47/75 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 14 | 31 |
| Associate Justice | Antonin Scalia | Ronald Reagan | September 26, 1986 | 78.7% | 59/75 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 9 | 24 |
| Associate Justice | Anthony Kennedy | Ronald Reagan | February 18, 1988 | 97.3% | 72/74 | 8 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 15 |
| Associate Justice | David Souter | George H. W. Bush | October 9, 1990 | 74.7% | 56/75 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 17 |
| Associate Justice | Clarence Thomas | George H. W. Bush | October 23, 1991 | 77% | 57/74 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 24 |
| Associate Justice | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Bill Clinton | August 10, 1993 | 72% | 54/75 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 14 |
| Associate Justice | Stephen Breyer | Bill Clinton | August 3, 1994 | 74% | 54/73 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 19 |
| Associate Justice | Samuel Alito | George W. Bush | January 31, 2006 | 86.7% | 65/75 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 15 |
| Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals |
| Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | Notes on statistics: Opinion counts only include the bench opinions listed above; opinions relating to orders or in-chambers opinions are not included. Agreement with the Court's judgment does not guarantee agreement with the reasoning expressed in its opinion. A justice is not considered in agreement if they dissented even in part. Agreement percentages are based only on the listed cases in which a justice participated and are rounded to the nearest one-tenth of one percentage point. | 67 | 40 | 9 | 54 | 170 |

### Justice-to-justice concordance

| | Roberts | Stevens | Scalia | Kennedy | Souter | Thomas | Ginsburg | Breyer | Alito | Most concordant justice | Least concordant justice |
| Chief Justice John Roberts | xx | 58.8% | 91.2% | 86.6% | 72.1% | 84.6% | 64.7% | 66.2% | 94.1% | Alito | Stevens |
| Associate Justice John Paul Stevens | 58.8% | xx | 56.3% | 65.7% | 80.3% | 52.9% | 88.7% | 85.3% | 59.2% | Ginsburg | Thomas |
| Associate Justice Antonin Scalia | 91.2% | 56.3% | xx | 78.6% | 67.6% | 92.9% | 64.8% | 67.2% | 87.3% | Thomas | Stevens |
| Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy | 86.6% | 65.7% | 78.6% | xx | 77.1% | 78.3% | 71.4% | 76.5% | 92.9% | Alito | Stevens |
| Associate Justice David Souter | 72.1% | 80.3% | 67.6% | 77.1% | xx | 62.9% | 85.7% | 91.4% | 67.6% | Breyer | Thomas |
| Associate Justice Clarence Thomas | 84.6% | 52.9% | 92.9% | 78.3% | 62.9% | xx | 60.0% | 55.9% | 84.3% | Scalia | Stevens |
| Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg | 64.7% | 88.7% | 64.8% | 71.4% | 85.7% | 60.0% | xx | 90.0% | 62.0% | Breyer | Thomas |
| Associate Justice Stephen Breyer | 66.2% | 85.3% | 67.2% | 76.5% | 91.4% | 55.9% | 90.0% | xx | 62.3% | Souter | Thomas |
| Associate Justice Samuel Alito | 94.1% | 59.2% | 87.3% | 92.9% | 67.6% | 84.3% | 62.0% | 62.3% | xx | Roberts | Stevens |
| Notes on statistics: The percentage at the intersection of two justices is the frequency with which they agreed upon a judgment, irrespective of the specific opinions joined. Only bench opinions listed above are counted; opinions relating to orders and in-chambers opinions are not included. ||||||||||||