OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ira Clinton Welborn

Ira Clinton Welborn (February 13, 1874 – July 13, 1956) was a United States Army colonel who was a recipient of the Medal of Honor for valor in action on July 2, 1898, at Santiago, Cuba.

## Early life and Spanish–American War

Ira C. Welborn was born in Mico, Mississippi. He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point as a member of the class of 1898. Just a few weeks after his graduation from the Academy he was assigned as a 2nd lieutenant to the 9th Infantry Regiment, to serve in the Spanish–American War. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of San Juan Hill, near Santiago, Cuba, on July 2, 1898, which he received on June 21, 1899.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, 9th U.S. Infantry. Place and date: At Santiago, Cuba, 2 July 1898. Entered service at: Mico, Miss. Birth: Mico, Miss. Date of issue: 21 June 1899.
Citation:
Voluntarily left shelter and went, under fire, to the aid of a private of his company who was wounded.

## Later career

Welborn served in three other conflicts: the Philippine–American War, the Boxer Rebellion, and World War I, eventually rising to the rank of colonel. He served as a Tactical Officer at West Point, 1904–1906. After the tank was introduced to the battlefield in World War I, Welborn was detailed to be the first head of the fledgling United States Army Tank Service, for which he received the Distinguished Service Medal. He retired from service in 1932.
He was a member of the Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba and the Military Order of the Dragon.

## Personal life

Wellborn died in Gulfport, Mississippi, on July 13, 1956. His son, John C. Welborn, also attended West Point, rose to the rank of colonel, and commanded the United States Army's 33rd Armored Regiment during World War II.
# Chalonge (crater)

Chalonge is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the southwest of the larger crater Lewis, in the outer skirt of ejecta that surrounds the Mare Orientale impact basin. To the southeast are the Montes Cordillera, a ring of mountains that encircle the Mare Orientale formation.
This is a circular crater with a sharp-edged, outer rim that is not appreciably eroded. The inner walls slope directly down to a ring of slumped material that encircles the interior floor. Chalonge was previously designated Lewis R before being assigned a name by the IAU.
# William Osborne Smith

Lieutenant-Colonel William Osborne Smith (1833 – 11 May 1887) was the first Acting Commissioner of the North-West Mounted Police, from 25 September to 17 October 1873.

## Biography

Osborne Smith was born to W. H. Smith of Hendreowen (West Glamorgan), Wales. He was commissioned into the British Army's 39th Foot in 1855. He served in the Crimea and came to the province of Canada with his regiment in 1856. He married Janet Colquhoun of Montreal in 1858. When his unit was transferred to Bermuda in 1859, Osborne Smith, then a lieutenant, sold his commission and became a merchant in Montreal. He later became a lieutenant-colonel in the Canadian Militia.
Osborne Smith carries the distinction of having the only regimental number that carries a fraction. His number was 2.5.
He returned to Wales and died in Swansea in 1887.

## Legacy

A neighbourhood in Winnipeg is named after Osborne. The Osborne Village is part of the federal riding of Winnipeg South Centre and a major area of cultural influence, including the gay village.
# 51st Army

51st Army may refer to:
* 51st Army (Russia)
* Fifty-First Army (Japan)
* 51st Combined Arms Army, Russia
# Waverley–Salmon River Long Lake Wilderness Area

The Waverley - Salmon River Long Lake Wilderness Area is a provincial wilderness area located about 20 kilometers east of Dartmouth Nova Scotia, Canada.

## Geographical description

The wilderness area represents the Eastern Shore Granite Ridge, one of Nova Scotia's many natural areas. It features a rugged wilderness of lakes, rivers, and barren granite hills in the south. In the north, the bedrock is quartzite and slate, and the terrain is much less hilly.
Some of the hills found in the wilderness area reach over 100 meters tall, and Jack Pine (an uncommon tree in Nova Scotia) grows in abundance on the hills. The wilderness area features pockets of old-growth Red Pine, White Pine, and hemlock. Due to the hilly nature of the terrain, much of the old-growth softwood forest is well-drained. The valleys of the wilderness area, which are much wetter, feature Black Spruce and Balsam Fir, and the occasional red maple or white birch grows amongst the softwoods. Part of the watershed that feeds Lake Major, the main water supply for the City of Dartmouth is contained within this wilderness area. The southern part of the wilderness area, including West Lake and Granite Lake and the Salmon River can be accessed via the Crowbar Lake Hiking Trail. Most of the remainder of the wilderness area may be accessed by canoeing and portaging, with starting points on Lake Major, Aerotech Drive, or Salmon River Road.
In 2011, the Wilderness Area was enlarged, with all the land around Three Bridges Brook becoming protected.
Nearby wilderness areas featuring similar topography, flora, and fauna include the White Lake Wilderness Area, Ship Harbour Long Lake Wilderness Area, and Tangier Grand Lake Wilderness Area.

## History

This wilderness area was originally established as the Waverley Game Sanctuary by the Province of Nova Scotia in 1929, in an attempt to protect game species from overhunting and overtrapping. It was the third-oldest game sanctuary, after the Tobeatic Wilderness Area (1927) and Liscomb Game Sanctuary (1928). In order to enforce the rules, three warden's cabins were established around the edges of the game sanctuary. These were located at the north ends of Lake Major and Three Mile Lake, along with an island within Miller Lake.
When the game sanctuary was re-designated as a wilderness area in 1991, hunting was once more allowed, and the warden's cabins fell out of use. Today, the Miller Lake cabin is used by Scouts Canada, while the Three Mile Lake cabin is left open for visitors. The Lake Major cabin has been burned.
# Cameraria picturatella

Cameraria picturatella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York and Maine in the United States.
The larvae feed on Myrica caroliniensis and Myrica pensylvanica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Bihari Lal Yadav

Bihari Lal Yadav (1857–1926), also referred to as Guru Bihari, was a Bhojpuri writer, poet and singer. He is also known as the founder of the modern Biraha folk genre, this older genre is called Khari Birha. He is also credited to invent a musical instrument, which was a version of Khartal and introducing it in Bihaha. He wrote Biraha and popularized it in the cities like Benaras and also taught it to his disciples.

## Life

Bihari was born in a Bhojpuriya Ahir family in a village named Patna near Aunrihar town in Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh in 1857. He was the only son of his parents. His parent died in very early age and he had to move to Benaras at the age of fourteen in search of job. He permanently resided in Ahiryana near Nichi Bagh. He started performing Biraha in the temples of Benaras. From there he got fame as a poet and singer and then he got four disciples Ramman Yadav, Ganes Yadav, Pattu Yadav and Sarju Rajbhar.
# WWIVnet

WWIVnet was a bulletin board system (BBS) network for WWIV-based BBSes. It was created by Wayne Bell on December 1, 1987. The system was similar to FidoNet in purpose, but used a very different routing mechanism that was more automated and distributed.

## Network layout

WWIVnet consisted of several participating BBSes, each referenced by a unique number called a node number. Originally, WWIVnet nodes were numbered by area code. The format was TXYZZ, where X and Y were the first and last digits of the area code, and ZZ was a number that ranged from 00 to 49 in area codes with a middle digit of 0, or a number between 50 and 99 in area codes with a middle digit of 1. The T portion of the node number was only used if a particular area code ran out of node numbers in their assigned range and needed more, the T would become 1. Thus, node 5802 would be a node in the 508 area code, and node 12263 would be a node in a very busy 212 area code. This numbering system worked well until the telephone systems began using area codes that used numbers other than 1 or 0 as the middle digit. When this occurred, WWIVnet realized it had to change its numbering system so a group based system was adopted, where node numbers would change to an XZZZ system. In this system, X would be the group number, and ZZZ would be the system number under that group.
The network's administration was set up where every area code had an Area Coordinator (AC) which was responsible for maintaining information about the nodes in their area code. The AC reported to the Group Coordinator (GC), which was responsible for updating the node lists for the area codes under them. The GC reported to the Network Coordinator (NC), who was responsible for sending out node list updates. The NC was the person who was ultimately in charge of WWIVnet.
The network structure, however, had everything to do with administration but nothing to do with the way traffic was transmitted. Simply put the only way to control the flow of data was to reduce the number of nodes on the network the system connected to. If two nodes were connected and it was the closest possible route for other nodes the traffic would follow that route. So if a node wanted to stop through traffic then they would connect to a single node for all traffic. There was no other form of traffic control on the network. Connection weight although added to the network data record was never implemented. If a specific route went down, the network would automatically try to reroute the packets in the next fastest route it could calculate. This method was an early version of peer-to-peer file sharing and may be the first instance of this type of file sharing. Note that while FidoNet was created before WWIVnet and transmitted files between systems, it did not use a peer-to-peer system because the traffic was routed using a set hierarchical model and servers (hubs/feeds) controlled all traffic. Wayne Bell referred to the networking method used by WWIVnet as a grid, similar to mesh networking, and often said he based it on Usenet.
# Enaretta

Enaretta is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
* Enaretta acaciarum Aurivillius, 1924
* Enaretta aethiopica Breuning, 1938
* Enaretta brevicauda Breuning, 1939
* Enaretta brevicornis Lacordaire, 1872
* Enaretta castelnaudii Thomson, 1864
* Enaretta caudata (Fahraeus, 1872)
* Enaretta conifera Aurivillius, 1921
* Enaretta montana Breuning, 1938
* Enaretta paulinoi (Quedenfeldt, 1855)
* Enaretta somaliensis Breuning, 1939
* Enaretta varia (Pascoe, 1886)
# Turboamerica

Turboamerica is the fourth album of Italian band Catarrhal Noise.

## Track listing

* "Turboamerica" – 2:02
* "Rubrica de l'agricoltore agricolo" – 5:07
* "Me so' caga' dosso" – 2:40
* "Silvanos Prestige" – 2:48
* "Maedetta chea volta" – 2:53
* "Duilio Sio Gan" – 2:37
* "Fasso macello" – 3:34
* "DJ Beggiato e Renato" – 0:31
* "I boari xe rivai" – 2:53
* "Mansueta" – 1:02
* "A grilliata" – 1:54
* "Figaro Automotors" – 0:54
* "Gianni furgone mojto" – 2:36
* "Giffo Hot Line" – 1:25
* "Bordeo" – 3:17
* "DJ Renato e Beggiato" – 0:28
* "Bele ghiape" – 1:52
* "Le bele giornate" – 3:11
* "Sette Racing" – 2:36
* "El toro" – 1:24
* "Renato e Beggiato DJ" – 0:26
* "Bauco" – 3:58
* "A fagiolata" – 2:49
* "I Proverbi de Silvano" – 1:37
* This 2000s metal album–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Watchers of Rule

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| About.com | |
| Alternative Press | |
| Blabbermouth.net | 8.5/10 |
| Exclaim! | 8/10 |
Watchers of Rule is the sixth studio album by American metalcore band Unearth, released on October 28, 2014 by eOne Music in North America. This marks the first album since their debut The Stings of Conscience that does not feature long time bassist John "Slo" Maggard, also the first album to feature former The Faceless drummer Nick Pierce on drums.
The album entered the US Billboard 200 at No. 105, selling 3,950 copies in its first week.
It is the band's only release for eOne Music, for whom they signed in 2013. It is also the band's first studio album since 2001's The Stings of Conscience to not be released via Metal Blade Records.
Unearth announced in early 2012 that Nick Pierce had signed on as their full-time drummer. He officially replaced Derek Kerswill, who left the band in 2010, though Justin Foley provided drums for 2011's Darkness in the Light.
Album artwork was provided by Richey Beckett, who has also provided artwork for Converge, Baroness, Mastodon, and Metallica.
The band announced in April 2013 that they'd be working with Mark Lewis to record the then-titleless Watchers of Rule. Lewis had previously produced albums for bands such as The Black Dahlia Murder, Whitechapel, DevilDriver, and Deicide.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Unearth
* "Spirit in Black" writing credits were taken from Seasons in the Abyss.

## Credits

Writing, performance and production credits are adapted from the album liner notes.

### Unearth

* Trevor Phipps – vocals
* Buz McGrath – lead guitar
* Ken Susi – rhythm guitar
* Nick Pierce – drums

### Guest musicians

* Mark Morton – bass

### Production

* Mark Lewis – producer, engineer, mixing, mastering
* Shane Frisby – additional vocal recording
* Ken Susi – additional vocal recording, additional guitar tracking
* Jeremy Krull – additional editing

### Artwork and design

* Jeremy Saffer – photography
* Richey Beckett – cover design
* Paul Grosso – creative direction
* Andrew Kelley – art direction

### Studios

* Audio Hammer Studios – vocals
* The Brick Hit House – additional vocals
* System Studios – additional vocals, guitars, drums

## Charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 117 |
| US Billboard 200 | 105 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 25 |
| US Top Hard Rock Albums (Billboard) | 9 |
| US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) | 22 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label |
| North America | October 28, 2014 | eOne Music |
| Japan | October 29, 2014 | Howling Bull |
| Australia | October 31, 2014 | 3Wise |
| Germany, Austria, Switzerland | October 31, 2014 | Century Media |
| Rest of Europe | November 3, 2014 | Century Media |
# Cameraria saliciphaga

Cameraria saliciphaga is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
The larvae feed on Salix species (including Salix australior, Salix excelsa and Salix triandra). They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Norristown

Norristown may mean:
* Norristown, Arkansas, an unincorporated community
* Norristown, Georgia, an unincorporated community
* Norristown, Indiana, an unincorporated community
* Norristown, Pennsylvania, a borough
** Norristown Transportation Center, a train station in Norristown
** Other train stations in Norristown:
*** Main Street station (SEPTA)
*** Elm Street station
* Norristown, California, an ephemeral California Gold Rush settlement on the American River
# Santa Claus of Christmas Creek

Santa Claus of Christmas Creek is a 1938 Australian radio play by Ernestine Hill. It was one of the most popular Australian radio plays of its era, being produced in 1938, 1939, 1942, 1946 and 1951.

## Background

The play was published in a 1946 collection of Australian radio plays. The Bulletin called it "a trifle as harmless and pleasant as Father Christmas himself. "
The play was based on a 1934 short story by Hill.
According to Leslie Rees, " It shows the fearsome loneliness of that far life, where nevertheless the station owner’s wife, forlorn in childlessness, is determined to celebrate Christmas as she has known it, by giving the blacks on her station a good time, with baccy and sweets and fireworks and prizes. There is something ineffably touching about the fall of her jaw as her husband insists that Christmas goings-on depend on the arrival of Billy Bond’s truck, and there are two creeks down already and the river’s coming up. “If she runs a banker, Christmas won’t be here till the middle of March.”
But they have their Christmas, and Mrs. Hill's detailed observation is most revealing."

## Premise

The play was set in north west Australia. "Joe Hackett and Janet, his wife, live on an isolated station, awaiting the rains, but also hoping to have a good time at Christmas —
providing the stores arrive. Janet is the only white woman in hundreds of square miles. The other characters are Lorimer, a prospector, whose wife has just died and left a tiny baby on his hands; a camp of blacks; and Dolly-pot Mick, a curious old “hatter,” whose long life in the raw bush has made him both a comic and pathetic figure."
# Bypass Network (Huntsville)

The Huntsville Northern Bypass is a road project located in the city of Huntsville, Alabama. It is a route that loops around the Northern portion of the city, and will be used to alleviate traffic on University Drive (US 72) and Interstate 565. The first half of the loop will be finished by 2025, while the eastern half does not have an estimated completion date. Construction of the section east of Pulaski Pike began in November 2023 and the cost to complete the project is expected to be around $53 million. The project East of Pulaski will be 3.4 miles long, with an additional mile of road maintenance on existing sections of the route, signed as Alabama State Route 255 (Martin Luther King Jr Boulevard). The contract to construct this portion of the bypass was granted to the Wiregrass Construction company for $28.46 million.
# Enaretta acaciarum

Enaretta acaciarum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1924.
# Tung Fang Pai

Tung Fang Pai (Chinese: 東方白; born in 1938) is a contemporary Taiwanese writer, whose work Sand in the Waves (浪淘沙) is one of the representative works of Taiwanese epic novels.
Born as Lin Wente (林文德) in Taihoku, Japanese Taiwan, Tung Fang Pai began to publish short stories and essays in college because of his love for writing. He once stopped writing for a while, but continued to write after his marriage in 1968. He received a scholarship from the University of Saskatchewan in 1965 and went to Canada for further studies. After retiring, he devoted himself to writing and has published works such as The Dying Christian (臨死的基督徒) and The Golden Dream (黃金夢). In addition to short stories, Tung Fang Pai devoted himself to writing Sand in the Waves, which brought Taiwanese historical novels to a peak.

## Reception

Taiwanese writer Yeh Shih-tao believes that Tung Fang Pai's works, due to his stay abroad, have more abstract and heterogeneous elements than those of domestic writers, which often surprise people. Tung Fang Pai believes that his writing style is influenced by his favorite writers, such as Leo Tolstoy, Anton Chekhov, and Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (芥川 龍之介), and he aspires to write short stories that incorporate the characteristics of these writers. Tung Fang Pai's works often reveal his awareness of social problems and his concern for his characters. His writing techniques often use allegory to satirize the irrational phenomena in society.
# Euzophera atuntsealis

Euzophera atuntsealis is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Roesler in 1973, and is known from China.
# Wedge-based mechanical exfoliation

Wedge-based mechanical exfoliation is a method that involves the use of an ultra-sharp single crystal diamond wedge to penetrate inside a material and cleave a thin layer of material. It was proposed to produce few layers of graphene from a bulk highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG).
Molecular dynamics simulations studies have been performed to understand how and under what conditions graphene layers separate, fold and shear during the wedge-based mechanical exfoliation machining technique. Molecular simulations of initial wedge engagement show that the entry location of the wedge tip, vis-a-vis the nearest graphene layer, plays a key role in determining whether layers separate or fold and which layers and how many of them fold.
# Norristown, California

Norristown, or Hoboken, was an ephemeral California Gold Rush settlement and steamboat landing on the American River in present-day Sacramento County, California.: 11, 16

## History

It was located on the south bank of the American River, four miles east of Sacramento on a road leading to the gold fields, that later became L Street, in the vicinity of what is now the California State University Sacramento.
Norristown was built above the reach of flooding by the river, unlike Sacramento below it. During the flooding of Sacramento in 1852–53 it began as a settlement called Hoboken, for citizens of Sacramento who fled the inundation of their city. Sam Norris who owned the land tried to make it a permanent settlement, however most of the refugees returned to Sacramento and Norristown failed to grow and soon vanished.$^{:ix,76}$
# Ana (programming language)

In contexts of solar physics and data analysis, Ana is a computer language that is designed for array processing and image data analysis. The name is an acronym for "A Non Acronym". Ana began as a fork of an early version of IDL, but has diverged significantly since then. It is particularly notable for being the only known fork of IDL from its early days as a quasi-open-source software package.
Ana was used as early as 1989 to track solar granulation using the SOUP instrument on Spacelab, and by the late 1990s it was in common use at the Lockheed-Martin Space Applications Laboratory and at other institutions that analyzed data from the TRACE spacecraft; it was never commonly used outside the community of active solar physics researchers, but represents a significant step forward in data analysis tools in that era. Ana was ultimately used to implement several important data visualization tools that advanced the state of the art, in the late 1990s—notably a multispectral image viewer that was used for several space missions including Yohkoh, SOHO, TRACE, and Hinode. Ana appears to have been intended as free software though it is not distributed under a recognized FOSS license. It remains available as source code, primarily through the Solarsoft distribution system, but its role as an open source, reproducible data analysis language has been subsumed by more recent tools such as PDL and Numpy/Astropy.
# Enaretta castelnaudii

Enaretta castelnaudii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1864.
# Tulus (village)

Tulus is a village in the Jabrayil Rayon of Azerbaijan.
# Mendez (disambiguation)

Mendez may refer to:
* Mendez (surname)
* Mendez (horse)
* Méndez Municipality, Tamaulipas, Mexico
* Mendez, Cavite, Philippines
* Mendez XXVI one of the main characters from the film Beneath the Planet of the Apes
* Benveniste/Mendes family were prominent in 11th to 15th century France, Portugal and Spain.
# Euzophera bigella

Euzophera bigella, the quince moth, is a species of snout moth in the genus Euzophera. It was described by Zeller in 1848. It is found in most of Europe (except Ireland, the Netherlands, Fennoscandia and the Baltic region), Iran, Baluchistan and Morocco.
The wingspan is 15–20 mm.