# List of prime ministers of Italy

* Top left: Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour was the first prime minister of the Kingdom of Italy.
* Top right: Benito Mussolini was the longest-serving prime minister in Italian history.
* Bottom left: Silvio Berlusconi was the longest-serving prime minister of the Italian Republic.
* Bottom right: Giorgia Meloni is the current prime minister of Italy as well as the first woman to hold the office.
The prime minister of Italy is the head of the Council of Ministers, which holds effective executive power in the Italian government. The first officeholder was Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, who was sworn in on 23 March 1861 after the unification of Italy. Cavour previously served as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, an office from which the Italian prime minister took most of its powers and duties. During the monarchy period, prime ministers were appointed by the king of Italy, as laid down in the Albertine Statute. From 1925 until the fall of his regime in 1943, fascist dictator Benito Mussolini formally modified the office title to "Head of Government, Prime Minister and Secretary of State". From 1861 to 1946, 30 men served as prime ministers, leading 67 governments in total.
After the abolition of the Kingdom of Italy in 1946 and the proclamation of the Italian Republic, the office was established by Articles 92 through 96 of the Constitution of Italy. Alcide De Gasperi is the only prime minister who has held this position both in the Kingdom of Italy and in the Republic of Italy.
The prime minister is appointed by the President of the Republic and must receive a confidence vote by both houses of Parliament: the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. From 1946 to 2022, in the first 76 years after the creation of the Republic, 30 men served as prime ministers. The current officeholder is Giorgia Meloni, who was appointed on 22 October 2022, becoming the first woman to hold this office.
The longest-serving prime minister in the history of Italy was Benito Mussolini, who ruled the country from 1922 until 1943; the longest-serving prime minister of the Italian Republic was Silvio Berlusconi, who held the position for more than nine years between 1994 and 2011. The shortest-serving officeholder was Tommaso Tittoni, who served as prime minister for only 16 days in 1905, while the shortest-serving prime minister of the Italian Republic was Fernando Tambroni, who governed for 123 days in 1960.

## Prime ministers of Italy
### Prime ministers of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)

Parties:

#### 1861–1912

    Historical Right
    Historical Left
    Military

#### 1912–1922

    Liberal Union / Italian Liberal Party
    Italian Radical Party
    Italian Reformist Socialist Party

#### 1922–1943

    National Fascist Party

#### 1943–1946

    Labour Democratic Party
    Action Party
    Christian Democracy
    Military
Coalitions:

#### 1861–1912

    Rightist coalition
    Leftist coalition
    Mixed coalition

#### 1912–1922

    Liberal coalition

#### 1922–1943

    Fascist government

#### 1943–1946

    National Liberation Committee
    Mixed coalition
** Right: Historical Right
** Left: Historical Left
** PSI/PSIUP: Italian Socialist Party
** PR: Italian Radical Party
** UL: Liberal Union
** PRI: Italian Republican Party
** UECI: Italian Catholic Electoral Union
** PSRI: Italian Reformist Socialist Party
** PLDI: Italian Democratic Liberal Party
** PPI: Italian People's Party
** DS: Social Democracy
** PLI: Italian Liberal Party
** PA: Agrarian Party
** PNF: National Fascist Party
** ANI: Italian Nationalist Association
** DC: Christian Democracy
** PCI: Italian Communist Party
** PdA: Action Party
** PDL: Labour Democratic Party
Symbols: † Died in office
Prime Ministers of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946) :
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Party | Party | Government | Composition | Legislature (Election) | Monarch (Reign) | Ref. |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Party | Party | Government | Composition | Legislature (Election) | Monarch (Reign) | Ref. |
| | Count Camillo Benso di Cavour (1810–1861) | 23 March 1861 | 6 June 1861† | 75 days | | Historical Right | Cavour IV | Right | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Baron Bettino Ricasoli (1809–1880) | 12 June 1861 | 3 March 1862 | 264 days | | Historical Right | Ricasoli I | Right | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Urbano Rattazzi (1808–1873) | 3 March 1862 | 8 December 1862 | 280 days | | Historical Left | Rattazzi I | Right • Left | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Luigi Carlo Farini (1812–1866) | 8 December 1862 | 24 March 1863 | 106 days | | Historical Right | Farini | Right | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Marco Minghetti (1818–1886) | 24 March 1863 | 28 September 1864 | 1 year, 188 days | | Historical Right | Minghetti I | Right | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | General Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora (1804–1878) | 28 September 1864 | 31 December 1865 | 1 year, 265 days | | Military | La Marmora II | Right | VIII (1861) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [22] [23] |
| | General Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora (1804–1878) | 31 December 1865 | 20 June 1866 | 1 year, 265 days | | Military | La Marmora III | Right | IX (1865) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [22] [23] |
| | Baron Bettino Ricasoli (1809–1880) | 20 June 1866 | 10 April 1867 | 294 days | | Historical Right | Ricasoli II | Right • Left | IX (1865) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Urbano Rattazzi (1808–1873) | 10 April 1867 | 27 October 1867 | 200 days | | Historical Left | Rattazzi II | Right • Left | X (1867) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Count Luigi Federico Menabrea (1809–1896) | 27 October 1867 | 5 January 1868 | 2 years, 48 days | | Historical Right | Menabrea I | Right | X (1867) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [26] [27] [28] |
| | Count Luigi Federico Menabrea (1809–1896) | 5 January 1868 | 13 May 1869 | 2 years, 48 days | | Historical Right | Menabrea II | Right | X (1867) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [26] [27] [28] |
| | Count Luigi Federico Menabrea (1809–1896) | 13 May 1869 | 14 December 1869 | 2 years, 48 days | | Historical Right | Menabrea III | Right | X (1867) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [26] [27] [28] |
| | Giovanni Lanza (1810–1882) | 14 December 1869 | 10 July 1873 | 3 years, 208 days | | Historical Right | Lanza | Right | XI (1870) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Marco Minghetti (1818–1886) | 10 July 1873 | 25 March 1876 | 2 years, 259 days | | Historical Right | Minghetti II | Right | XII (1874) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 25 March 1876 | 25 December 1877 | 1 year, 364 days | | Historical Left | Depretis I | Left | XIII (1876) | Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878) | [31] [32] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 26 December 1877 | 24 March 1878 | 1 year, 364 days | | Historical Left | Depretis II | Left | XIII (1876) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [31] [32] |
| | Benedetto Cairoli (1825–1889) | 24 March 1878 | 19 December 1878 | 270 days | | Historical Left | Cairoli I | Left | XIII (1876) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 19 December 1878 | 14 July 1879 | 214 days | | Historical Left | Depretis III | Left | XIII (1876) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | |
| | Benedetto Cairoli (1825–1889) | 14 July 1879 | 25 November 1879 | 1 year, 319 days | | Historical Left | Cairoli II | Left | XIII (1876) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [35] [36] |
| | Benedetto Cairoli (1825–1889) | 25 November 1879 | 29 May 1881 | 1 year, 319 days | | Historical Left | Cairoli III | Left | XIV (1880) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [35] [36] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 29 May 1881 | 25 May 1883 | 6 years, 61 days | | Historical Left | Depretis IV | Left | XIV (1880) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 25 May 1883 | 30 March 1884 | 6 years, 61 days | | Historical Left | Depretis V | Left | XV (1882) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 30 March 1884 | 29 June 1885 | 6 years, 61 days | | Historical Left | Depretis VI | Left | XV (1882) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 29 June 1885 | 4 April 1887 | 6 years, 61 days | | Historical Left | Depretis VII | Left | XVI (1886) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| | Agostino Depretis (1813–1887) | 4 April 1887 | 29 July 1887† | 6 years, 61 days | | Historical Left | Depretis VIII | Left | XVI (1886) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] |
| | Francesco Crispi (1818–1901) | 29 July 1887 | 9 March 1889 | 3 years, 192 days | | Historical Left | Crispi I | Left | XVI (1886) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [42] [43] |
| | Francesco Crispi (1818–1901) | 9 March 1889 | 6 February 1891 | 3 years, 192 days | | Historical Left | Crispi II | Left | XVII (1890) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [42] [43] |
| | Marquess Antonio Starabba di Rudinì (1839–1908) | 6 February 1891 | 15 May 1892 | 1 year, 99 days | | Historical Right | Di Rudinì I | Left • Right | XVII (1890) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | |
| | Giovanni Giolitti (1842–1928) | 15 May 1892 | 15 December 1893 | 1 year, 214 days | | Historical Left | Giolitti I | Left | XVIII (1892) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | |
| | Francesco Crispi (1818–1901) | 15 December 1893 | 14 June 1894 | 2 years, 86 days | | Historical Left | Crispi III | Left • Right | XVIII (1892) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [46] [47] |
| | Francesco Crispi (1818–1901) | 14 June 1894 | 10 March 1896 | 2 years, 86 days | | Historical Left | Crispi IV | Left • Right | XIX (1895) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [46] [47] |
| | Marquess Antonio Starabba di Rudinì (1839–1908) | 10 March 1896 | 11 July 1896 | 2 years, 111 days | | Historical Right | Di Rudinì II | Left • Right | XIX (1895) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [48] [49] [50] [51] |
| | Marquess Antonio Starabba di Rudinì (1839–1908) | 11 July 1896 | 14 December 1897 | 2 years, 111 days | | Historical Right | Di Rudinì III | Left • Right | XIX (1895) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [48] [49] [50] [51] |
| | Marquess Antonio Starabba di Rudinì (1839–1908) | 14 December 1897 | 1 June 1898 | 2 years, 111 days | | Historical Right | Di Rudinì IV | Left • Right | XX (1897) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [48] [49] [50] [51] |
| | Marquess Antonio Starabba di Rudinì (1839–1908) | 1 June 1898 | 29 June 1898 | 2 years, 111 days | | Historical Right | Di Rudinì V | Left • Right | XX (1897) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [48] [49] [50] [51] |
| | General Luigi Pelloux (1839–1924) | 29 June 1898 | 14 May 1899 | 1 year, 360 days | | Military | Pelloux I | Left • Right | XX (1897) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [52] [53] |
| | General Luigi Pelloux (1839–1924) | 14 May 1899 | 24 June 1900 | 1 year, 360 days | | Military | Pelloux II | Left • Right | XX (1897) | Umberto I (1878–1900) | [52] [53] |
| | Giuseppe Saracco (1821–1907) | 24 June 1900 | 15 February 1901 | 236 days | | Historical Left | Saracco | Left • Right | XXI (1900) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Giuseppe Zanardelli (1826–1903) | 15 February 1901 | 3 November 1903 | 2 years, 261 days | | Historical Left | Zanardelli | Left • Right | XXI (1900) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Giovanni Giolitti (1842–1928) | 3 November 1903 | 12 March 1905 | 1 year, 129 days | | Historical Left | Giolitti II | Left • Right | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Tommaso Tittoni (1855–1931) | 12 March 1905 | 28 March 1905 | 16 days | | Historical Right | Tittoni | Left • Right | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Alessandro Fortis (1842–1909) | 28 March 1905 | 24 December 1905 | 317 days | | Historical Left | Fortis I | Left • Right | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [58] [59] |
| | Alessandro Fortis (1842–1909) | 24 December 1905 | 8 February 1906 | 317 days | | Historical Left | Fortis II | Left • Right | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [58] [59] |
| | Baron Sidney Sonnino (1847–1922) | 8 February 1906 | 29 May 1906 | 110 days | | Historical Right | Sonnino I | Left • Right • PR | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Giovanni Giolitti (1842–1928) | 29 May 1906 | 11 December 1909 | 3 years, 196 days | | Historical Left | Giolitti III | Left • Right | XXII (1904) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Baron Sidney Sonnino (1847–1922) | 11 December 1909 | 31 March 1910 | 110 days | | Historical Right | Sonnino II | Left • Right | XXIII (1909) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Luigi Luzzatti (1841–1927) | 31 March 1910 | 30 March 1911 | 364 days | | Historical Right | Luzzatti | Left • Right • PR | XXIII (1909) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Giovanni Giolitti (1842–1928) | 30 March 1911 | 21 March 1914 | 2 years, 356 days | | Liberal Union | Giolitti IV | UL • PR | XXIII (1909) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Antonio Salandra (1853–1931) | 21 March 1914 | 5 November 1914 | 2 years, 89 days | | Liberal Union | Salandra I | UL | XXIV (1913) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [65] [66] |
| | Antonio Salandra (1853–1931) | 5 November 1914 | 18 June 1916 | 2 years, 89 days | | Liberal Union | Salandra II | UL • PRI | XXIV (1913) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [65] [66] |
| | Paolo Boselli (1838–1932) | 18 June 1916 | 30 October 1917 | 1 year, 134 days | | Liberal Union | Boselli | UL • PR • UECI • PSRI | XXIV (1913) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860–1952) | 30 October 1917 | 23 June 1919 | 1 year, 236 days | | Liberal Union | Orlando | UL • PR • UECI • PSRI | XXIV (1913) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Francesco Saverio Nitti (1868–1953) | 23 June 1919 | 21 May 1920 | 358 days | | Italian Radical Party | Nitti I | UL • PLDI • PR • PSRI • PPI | XXIV (1913) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [69] [70] |
| | Francesco Saverio Nitti (1868–1953) | 21 May 1920 | 15 June 1920 | 358 days | | Italian Radical Party | Nitti II | UL • PLDI • PPI • PR | XXV (1919) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [69] [70] |
| | Giovanni Giolitti (1842–1928) | 15 June 1920 | 4 July 1921 | 1 year, 19 days | | Liberal Union | Giolitti V | UL • PLDI • PPI • DS • PR • PSRI | XXV (1919) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Ivanoe Bonomi (1873–1951) | 4 July 1921 | 26 February 1922 | 237 days | | Italian Reformist Socialist Party | Bonomi I | PPI • UL • PLDI • DS • PSRI | XXVI (1921) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Luigi Facta (1861–1930) | 26 February 1922 | 1 August 1922 | 247 days | | Liberal Union / Italian Liberal Party | Facta I | PPI • PLI • PLDI • DS • PSRI • PA | XXVI (1921) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [73] [74] |
| | Luigi Facta (1861–1930) | 1 August 1922 | 31 October 1922 | 247 days | | Liberal Union / Italian Liberal Party | Facta II | PPI • PLI • PLDI • DS • PSRI | XXVI (1921) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [73] [74] |
| | Duce Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | 20 years, 267 days | | National Fascist Party | Mussolini | PPI • PLI • DS • PNF • ANI | XXVI (1921) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Duce Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | 20 years, 267 days | | National Fascist Party | Mussolini | PNF | XXVII (1924) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Duce Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | 20 years, 267 days | | National Fascist Party | Mussolini | PNF | XXVIII (1929) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Duce Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | 20 years, 267 days | | National Fascist Party | Mussolini | PNF | XXIX (1934) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Duce Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) | 31 October 1922 | 25 July 1943 | 20 years, 267 days | | National Fascist Party | Mussolini | PNF | XXX (no election) | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Marshal Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956) | 25 July 1943 | 24 April 1944 | 329 days | | Military | Badoglio I | Independents | Parliament abolished | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [76] [77] |
| | Marshal Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956) | 24 April 1944 | 18 June 1944 | 329 days | | Military | Badoglio II | CLN DC • PCI • PLI • PSIUP • PdA • PDL | Parliament abolished | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [76] [77] |
| | Ivanoe Bonomi (1873–1951) | 18 June 1944 | 12 December 1944 | 1 year, 3 days | | Labour Democratic Party | Bonomi II | CLN DC • PCI • PLI • PSIUP • PdA • PDL | Parliament abolished | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [78] [79] |
| | Ivanoe Bonomi (1873–1951) | 12 December 1944 | 21 June 1945 | 1 year, 3 days | | Labour Democratic Party | Bonomi III | CLN DC • PCI • PLI • PDL | Parliament abolished | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | [78] [79] |
| | Ferruccio Parri (1890–1981) | 21 June 1945 | 10 December 1945 | 172 days | | Action Party | Parri | CLN DC • PCI • PLI • PSIUP • PdA • PDL | National Council | Victor Emmanuel III (1900–1946) | |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 10 December 1945 | 13 July 1946 | 212 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi I | CLN DC • PCI • PLI • PSIUP • PdA • PDL | National Council | Umberto II (1946) | |
* ↑ Colors in the "Party" column indicate the party to which a prime minister belongs.
* ↑ Colors in the "Cabinet" and "Composition" columns indicate the governing coalition.
* 1 2 3 After the Italian unification, the regnal number of King Victor Emmanuel, as well as the numbering for governments and legislatures, were taken in continuation with the corresponding numbers in the Kingdom of Sardinia.

### Prime ministers of the Italian Republic (1946–present)

Parties:

#### 1946–1994

    Christian Democracy
    Italian Republican Party
    Italian Socialist Party
    Independent

#### 1994–present

    Forza Italia / The People of Freedom
    Democrats of the Left
    Democratic Party
    Brothers of Italy
    Independent
Coalitions:

#### 1946–1994

    National Liberation Committee
    Centrist coalition
    Organic centre-left
    Pentapartito / Quadripartito
    Mixed coalition

#### 1994–present

    Centre-right coalition
    Centre-left coalition
    Mixed coalition
** DC: Christian Democracy
** PSI/PSIUP: Italian Socialist Party
** PCI: Italian Communist Party
** PRI: Italian Republican Party
** PDL: Labour Democratic Party
** PSDI: Italian Democratic Socialist Party
** PLI: Italian Liberal Party
** PDS: Democratic Party of the Left
** FdV: Federation of the Greens
** FI: Forza Italia
** LN: Northern League
** AN: National Alliance
** CCD: Christian Democratic Centre
** UdC: Union of the Centre (1993)
** PPI: Italian People's Party
** RI: Italian Renewal
** UD: Democratic Union
** PRC: Communist Refoundation Party
** DS: Democrats of the Left
** SDI: Italian Democratic Socialists
** PdCI: Party of Italian Communists
** UDR: Democratic Union for the Republic
** Dem: The Democrats
** UDEUR: Union of Democrats for Europe
** UDC: Union of the Centre (2002)
** NPSI: New Italian Socialist Party
** DL: The Daisy
** RnP: Rose in the Fist
** IdV: Italy of Values
** PdL: The People of Freedom
** PD: Democratic Party
** FLI: Future and Freedom
** NCD: New Centre-Right
** SC: Civic Choice
** PpI: Populars for Italy
** RI: Italian Radicals
** AP: Popular Alternative
** CpE: Centrists for Europe
** M5S: Five Star Movement
** Lega: League
** Art.1: Article One
** IV: Italia Viva
** IpF: Together for the Future
** A: Action
** FdI: Brothers of Italy
Prime Ministers of the Italian Republic (1946–present) :
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Party | Party | Government | Composition | Legislature (Election) | President (Tenure) | Ref. |
| Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Party | Party | Government | Composition | Legislature (Election) | President (Tenure) | Ref. |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 13 July 1946 | 2 February 1947 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi II | CLN DC • PSIUP • PCI • PRI | Constituent Assembly (1946) | Enrico De Nicola (1946–1948) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 2 February 1947 | 1 June 1947 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi III | CLN DC • PSI • PCI • PDL | Constituent Assembly (1946) | Enrico De Nicola (1946–1948) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 1 June 1947 | 24 May 1948 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi IV | Centrism DC • PSDI • PLI • PRI | Constituent Assembly (1946) | Enrico De Nicola (1946–1948) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 24 May 1948 | 27 January 1950 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi V | Centrism DC • PSDI • PLI • PRI | I (1948) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 27 January 1950 | 26 July 1951 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi VI | Centrism DC • PSDI • PRI | I (1948) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 26 July 1951 | 16 July 1953 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi VII | Centrism DC • PRI | I (1948) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Alcide De Gasperi (1881–1954) | 16 July 1953 | 17 August 1953 | 7 years, 35 days | | Christian Democracy | De Gasperi VIII | DC | II (1953) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [88] |
| | Giuseppe Pella (1902–1981) | 17 August 1953 | 19 January 1954 | 155 days | | Christian Democracy | Pella | DC | II (1953) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 19 January 1954 | 10 February 1954 | 22 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani I | DC | II (1953) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | |
| | Mario Scelba (1901–1991) | 10 February 1954 | 6 July 1955 | 1 year, 146 days | | Christian Democracy | Scelba | Centrism DC • PSDI • PLI | II (1953) | Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955) | |
| | Antonio Segni (1891–1972) | 6 July 1955 | 20 May 1957 | 1 year, 318 days | | Christian Democracy | Segni I | Centrism DC • PSDI • PLI | II (1953) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | |
| | Adone Zoli (1887–1960) | 20 May 1957 | 2 July 1958 | 1 year, 43 days | | Christian Democracy | Zoli | DC | II (1953) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 2 July 1958 | 16 February 1959 | 229 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani II | Centrism DC • PSDI | III (1958) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | |
| | Antonio Segni (1891–1972) | 16 February 1959 | 26 March 1960 | 1 year, 39 days | | Christian Democracy | Segni II | DC | III (1958) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | |
| | Fernando Tambroni (1901–1963) | 26 March 1960 | 27 July 1960 | 123 days | | Christian Democracy | Tambroni | DC | III (1958) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 27 July 1960 | 22 February 1962 | 2 years, 330 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani III | DC | III (1958) | Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962) | [97] [98] |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 22 February 1962 | 22 June 1963 | 2 years, 330 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani IV | DC • PSDI • PRI | III (1958) | Antonio Segni (1962–1964) | [97] [98] |
| | Giovanni Leone (1908–2001) | 22 June 1963 | 5 December 1963 | 166 days | | Christian Democracy | Leone I | DC | IV (1963) | Antonio Segni (1962–1964) | |
| | Aldo Moro (1916–1978) | 5 December 1963 | 23 July 1964 | 4 years, 203 days | | Christian Democracy | Moro I | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | IV (1963) | Antonio Segni (1962–1964) | [100] [101] [102] |
| | Aldo Moro (1916–1978) | 23 July 1964 | 24 February 1966 | 4 years, 203 days | | Christian Democracy | Moro II | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | IV (1963) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | [100] [101] [102] |
| | Aldo Moro (1916–1978) | 24 February 1966 | 25 June 1968 | 4 years, 203 days | | Christian Democracy | Moro III | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | IV (1963) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | [100] [101] [102] |
| | Giovanni Leone (1908–2001) | 25 June 1968 | 13 December 1968 | 171 days | | Christian Democracy | Leone II | DC | V (1968) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | |
| | Mariano Rumor (1915–1990) | 13 December 1968 | 6 August 1969 | 1 year, 236 days | | Christian Democracy | Rumor I | Organic centre-left DC • PSU • PRI | V (1968) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | [104] [105] [106] |
| | Mariano Rumor (1915–1990) | 6 August 1969 | 28 March 1970 | 1 year, 236 days | | Christian Democracy | Rumor II | DC | V (1968) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | [104] [105] [106] |
| | Mariano Rumor (1915–1990) | 28 March 1970 | 6 August 1970 | 1 year, 236 days | | Christian Democracy | Rumor III | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | V (1968) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | [104] [105] [106] |
| | Emilio Colombo (1920–2013) | 6 August 1970 | 18 February 1972 | 1 year, 196 days | | Christian Democracy | Colombo | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | V (1968) | Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971) | |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 18 February 1972 | 26 June 1972 | 1 year, 140 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti I | DC | V (1968) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [108] [109] |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 26 June 1972 | 8 July 1973 | 1 year, 140 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti II | DC • PSDI • PLI | VI (1972) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [108] [109] |
| | Mariano Rumor (1915–1990) | 8 July 1973 | 15 March 1974 | 1 year, 138 days | | Christian Democracy | Rumor IV | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | VI (1972) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [110] [111] |
| | Mariano Rumor (1915–1990) | 15 March 1974 | 23 November 1974 | 1 year, 138 days | | Christian Democracy | Rumor V | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI | VI (1972) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [110] [111] |
| | Aldo Moro (1916–1978) | 23 November 1974 | 12 February 1976 | 1 year, 250 days | | Christian Democracy | Moro IV | DC • PRI | VI (1972) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [112] [113] |
| | Aldo Moro (1916–1978) | 12 February 1976 | 30 July 1976 | 1 year, 250 days | | Christian Democracy | Moro V | DC | VI (1972) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [112] [113] |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 30 July 1976 | 13 March 1978 | 3 years, 6 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti III | Historic Compromise DC | VII (1976) | Giovanni Leone (1971–1978) | [114] [115] [116] |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 13 March 1978 | 21 March 1979 | 3 years, 6 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti IV | Historic Compromise DC | VII (1976) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [114] [115] [116] |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 21 March 1979 | 5 August 1979 | 3 years, 6 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti V | DC • PSDI • PRI | VII (1976) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [114] [115] [116] |
| | Francesco Cossiga (1928–2010) | 5 August 1979 | 4 April 1980 | 1 year, 74 days | | Christian Democracy | Cossiga I | DC • PSDI • PLI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [117] [118] |
| | Francesco Cossiga (1928–2010) | 4 April 1980 | 18 October 1980 | 1 year, 74 days | | Christian Democracy | Cossiga II | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PRI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [117] [118] |
| | Arnaldo Forlani (1925–2023) | 18 October 1980 | 28 June 1981 | 253 days | | Christian Democracy | Forlani | Organic centre-left DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | |
| | Giovanni Spadolini (1925–1994) | 28 June 1981 | 23 August 1982 | 1 year, 156 days | | Italian Republican Party | Spadolini I | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI • PLI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [120] [121] |
| | Giovanni Spadolini (1925–1994) | 23 August 1982 | 1 December 1982 | 1 year, 156 days | | Italian Republican Party | Spadolini II | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PSDI • PRI • PLI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [120] [121] |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 1 December 1982 | 4 August 1983 | 246 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani V | DC • PSI • PSDI • PLI | VIII (1979) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | |
| | Bettino Craxi (1934–2000) | 4 August 1983 | 1 August 1986 | 3 years, 257 days | | Italian Socialist Party | Craxi I | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PRI • PSDI • PLI | IX (1983) | Sandro Pertini (1978–1985) | [123] [124] |
| | Bettino Craxi (1934–2000) | 1 August 1986 | 18 April 1987 | 3 years, 257 days | | Italian Socialist Party | Craxi II | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PRI • PSDI • PLI | IX (1983) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | [123] [124] |
| | Amintore Fanfani (1908–1999) | 18 April 1987 | 29 July 1987 | 102 days | | Christian Democracy | Fanfani VI | DC | IX (1983) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | |
| | Giovanni Goria (1943–1994) | 29 July 1987 | 13 April 1988 | 259 days | | Christian Democracy | Goria | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PRI • PSDI • PLI | X (1987) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | |
| | Ciriaco De Mita (1928–2022) | 13 April 1988 | 23 July 1989 | 1 year, 101 days | | Christian Democracy | De Mita | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PRI • PSDI • PLI | X (1987) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 23 July 1989 | 13 April 1991 | 2 years, 341 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti VI | Pentapartito DC • PSI • PRI • PSDI • PLI | X (1987) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | [127] [128] |
| | Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013) | 13 April 1991 | 28 June 1992 | 2 years, 341 days | | Christian Democracy | Andreotti VII | Quadripartito DC • PSI • PSDI • PLI | X (1987) | Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) | [127] [128] |
| | Giuliano Amato (born 1938) | 28 June 1992 | 28 April 1993 | 304 days | | Italian Socialist Party | Amato I | Quadripartito DC • PSI • PLI • PSDI | XI (1992) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | |
| | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1920–2016) | 28 April 1993 | 11 May 1994 | 1 year, 13 days | | Independent | Ciampi | DC • PSI • PDS • PLI • PRI • PSDI • FdV | XI (1992) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | |
| | Silvio Berlusconi (1936–2023) | 11 May 1994 | 17 January 1995 | 251 days | | Forza Italia | Berlusconi I | PdL–PBG FI • LN • AN • CCD • UdC | XII (1994) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | |
| | Lamberto Dini (born 1931) | 17 January 1995 | 18 May 1996 | 1 year, 122 days | | Independent | Dini | Independents | XII (1994) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | |
| | Romano Prodi (born 1939) | 18 May 1996 | 21 October 1998 | 2 years, 156 days | | Independent | Prodi I | The Olive Tree PDS • PPI • RI • FdV • UD | XIII (1996) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | |
| | Massimo D'Alema (born 1949) | 21 October 1998 | 22 December 1999 | 1 year, 188 days | | Democrats of the Left | D'Alema I | The Olive Tree DS • PPI • RI • SDI • FdV • PdCI • UDR • UDEUR • Dem | XIII (1996) | Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (1992–1999) | [134] [135] |
| | Massimo D'Alema (born 1949) | 22 December 1999 | 26 April 2000 | 1 year, 188 days | | Democrats of the Left | D'Alema II | The Olive Tree DS • PPI • RI • SDI • FdV • PdCI • UDR • UDEUR • Dem | XIII (1996) | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006) | [134] [135] |
| | Giuliano Amato (born 1938) | 26 April 2000 | 11 June 2001 | 1 year, 46 days | | Independent | Amato II | The Olive Tree DS • PPI • Dem • FdV • PdCI • UDEUR • RI • SDI | XIII (1996) | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006) | |
| | Silvio Berlusconi (1936–2023) | 11 June 2001 | 23 April 2005 | 4 years, 340 days | | Forza Italia | Berlusconi II | House of Freedoms FI • AN • LN • UDC • NPSI • PRI | XIV (2001) | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006) | [137] [138] |
| | Silvio Berlusconi (1936–2023) | 23 April 2005 | 17 May 2006 | 4 years, 340 days | | Forza Italia | Berlusconi III | House of Freedoms FI • AN • LN • UDC • NPSI • PRI | XIV (2001) | Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006) | [137] [138] |
| | Romano Prodi (born 1939) | 17 May 2006 | 8 May 2008 | 1 year, 357 days | | Independent / Democratic Party | Prodi II | The Union DS • DL • PRC • RnP • PdCI • IdV • FdV • UDEUR • PD | XV (2006) | Giorgio Napolitano (2006–2015) | |
| | Silvio Berlusconi (1936–2023) | 8 May 2008 | 16 November 2011 | 3 years, 192 days | | The People of Freedom | Berlusconi IV | Centre-right coalition PdL • LN | XVI (2008) | Giorgio Napolitano (2006–2015) | |
| | Mario Monti (born 1943) | 16 November 2011 | 28 April 2013 | 1 year, 163 days | | Independent | Monti | Independents | XVI (2008) | Giorgio Napolitano (2006–2015) | |
| | Enrico Letta (born 1966) | 28 April 2013 | 22 February 2014 | 300 days | | Democratic Party | Letta | Grand coalition PD • PdL • NCD • SC • PpI • UDC • RI | XVII (2013) | Giorgio Napolitano (2006–2015) | |
| | Matteo Renzi (born 1975) | 22 February 2014 | 12 December 2016 | 2 years, 294 days | | Democratic Party | Renzi | PD • NCD • SC • UDC | XVII (2013) | Giorgio Napolitano (2006–2015) | |
| | Paolo Gentiloni (born 1954) | 12 December 2016 | 1 June 2018 | 1 year, 171 days | | Democratic Party | Gentiloni | PD • NCD/AP • CpE | XVII (2013) | Sergio Mattarella (2015–present) | |
| | Giuseppe Conte (born 1964) | 1 June 2018 | 5 September 2019 | 2 years, 257 days | | Independent | Conte I | M5S • Lega | XVIII (2018) | Sergio Mattarella (2015–present) | [145] [146] |
| | Giuseppe Conte (born 1964) | 5 September 2019 | 13 February 2021 | 2 years, 257 days | | Independent | Conte II | M5S • PD • Art.1 • IV | XVIII (2018) | Sergio Mattarella (2015–present) | [145] [146] |
| | Mario Draghi (born 1947) | 13 February 2021 | 22 October 2022 | 1 year, 251 days | | Independent | Draghi | M5S • Lega • PD • FI • IpF • IV • Art.1 • A | XVIII (2018) | Sergio Mattarella (2015–present) | |
| | Giorgia Meloni (born 1977) | 22 October 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 148 days | | Brothers of Italy | Meloni | Centre-right coalition FdI • Lega • FI | XIX (2022) | Sergio Mattarella (2015–present) | |
* ↑ Colors in the "Party" column indicate the party to which a prime minister belongs.
* ↑ Colors in the "Cabinet" and "Composition" columns indicate the governing coalition.
* 1 2 3 4 5 The cabinet did not receive the confidence of the Parliament.
* 1 2 Until 4 May 1993
* 1 2 Within The Olive Tree coalition
* ↑ Until December 1999
* ↑ Until February 1999
* 1 2 From February 1999
* 1 2 3 DS and DL formed the Democratic Party (PD) in October 2007.
* ↑ Until November 2013
* ↑ From November 2013
* ↑ Close to the Five Star Movement
* ↑ From September 2019 to January 2021
* ↑ From June 2022
* ↑ From July 2022