OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Batasang Pambansa (legislature)

The Batasang Pambansa ('National Assembly', lit. 'National Legislature'), often referred to simply as the Batasan, was the legislature of the Philippines, established as an interim assembly in 1978 and later as an official body in 1984. It was the fourth unicameral legislature in Philippine history. Members of the Batasang Pambansa were referred to as Mambabatas Pambansa ('Member of Parliament', lit. 'National Lawmaker'), shortened to MP.
The Batasan was instituted under the 1973 Constitution promulgated by then-President Ferdinand Marcos, replacing the earlier Congress of the Philippines established by the 1935 Commonwealth Constitution. It was abolished immediately after the People Power Revolution in 1986, and Congress was restored with the passage of the 1987 Constitution.

## History

The original provisions of the 1973 Constitution, which was ratified on January 17, 1973, provided for the establishment of a unicameral National Assembly. Upon its ratification, an interim National Assembly composed of the president and the vice president, those who served as president of the 1971 Constitutional Convention, members of the Senate and the House of Representatives, and the delegates to the 1971 Constitutional Convention, was established and functioned as the legislature. Before the Regular Batasang Pambansa convened, a 120-member interim body served as the national legislature. The body was composed of the incumbent president, representatives elected from different regions and from different sectors, and select Cabinet officials appointed by the president. In 1981, the semi-parliamentary legislature was formally convened as the Batasang Pambansa, and in 1985, some dissident members unsuccessfully tried to impeach President Marcos.
On March 25, 1986, Proclamation No. 3, commonly known as the 1986 Freedom Constitution, was promulgated, effectively abolishing the Batasang Pambansa.
# H. C. Weeden

Henry Clay Weeden (1862-1937) was an editor and author in the United States who wrote Weeden's history of the Colored people of Louisville. It was published in 1897. He edited the Christian Index and later the Zion's Banner publications. A Republican, he was a delegate at Republican National Conventions for 10 years. He belonged to the Knight Templar and Mason fraternal organizations. He was a member of the National Republican League.
He was born enslaved. Elijah P. Marrs, Dr. Stuart Robinson, and Colonel Bennett H. Young helped educate him.
He had editorials reprinted in the New York Independent newspaper and he served as a correspondent during the Grand Army of the Republic Escarpment in Louisville. He served as president of the Mendelssohn Singing Association. He had a law degree.
He helped organize Louisville Cemetery and was a trustee at Atkinson Literary and Industrial College.
# Cinq Mélodies "de Venise"

Cinq Mélodies "de Venise", Op. 58, is a song cycle by Gabriel Fauré, of five mélodies for voice and piano. Composed in 1891, the cycle is based on five poems by Paul Verlaine, from the collections Fêtes galantes and Romances sans paroles. According to Fauré himself, the song cycle contains a number of musical themes which recur from song to song. He used a similar technique for his later song cycle La Bonne Chanson, which was also based on Verlaine's poetry.

## Composition

Fauré composed the first song, "Mandoline", in May 1891 in Venice. He was staying in the Palazzo Volkoff (or Wolkoff) on the Grand Canal, as a guest of Winnaretta Singer, the future Princess de Polignac. Among Singer's other guests were the painter Ernest Ange Duez and his wife Amélie. She was a singer, and entertained the group with Fauré's new composition.
Only "Mandoline" and part of "En sourdine" were composed in Venice. The idea of creating a cycle seems to have come to Fauré only after his return to Paris on 20 June. The rest of the songs were completed in Paris by September 1891. The cycle was published by Hamelle that year, dedicated to Singer. It was published in England in 1896 by Metzler, with an English translation by Adela Maddison.
Fauré wrote to Singer in September 1891 that he believed that with this song cycle he had created a new form, whereby the return of the themes of the other songs in the final one, "C'est l'extase", made the songs into a kind of suite.

## Settings

Fauré's settings of Verlaine's poems are as follows:
* "Mandoline" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "En sourdine" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "Green" (from Romances sans paroles)
* "À Clymène" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "C'est l'extase" (from Romances sans paroles)

## Premieres

"Mandoline" was premiered at the salon of Marguerite Baugnies on 21 June 1891, the day after Fauré's return to Paris from Italy.
Cinq mélodies "de Venise" had its premiere at the Société Nationale de Musique on 2 April 1892, sung by Maurice Bagès.
# Lycée Français International d'Amman

The Lycée Français International d'Amman (LFIA), formerly Lycée Français d'Amman (LFA), is a French international school in Amman, Jordan. It serves levels maternelle (preschool) through lycée (senior high school).
The primary school has a main campus along Deir Ghbar. The secondary school is along Route de l’aéroport.

## History

The school was founded in 1972.
# Cinq Mélodies "de Venise"

Cinq Mélodies "de Venise", Op. 58, is a song cycle by Gabriel Fauré, of five mélodies for voice and piano. Composed in 1891, the cycle is based on five poems by Paul Verlaine, from the collections Fêtes galantes and Romances sans paroles. According to Fauré himself, the song cycle contains a number of musical themes which recur from song to song. He used a similar technique for his later song cycle La Bonne Chanson, which was also based on Verlaine's poetry.

## Composition

Fauré composed the first song, "Mandoline", in May 1891 in Venice. He was staying in the Palazzo Volkoff (or Wolkoff) on the Grand Canal, as a guest of Winnaretta Singer, the future Princess de Polignac. Among Singer's other guests were the painter Ernest Ange Duez and his wife Amélie. She was a singer, and entertained the group with Fauré's new composition.
Only "Mandoline" and part of "En sourdine" were composed in Venice. The idea of creating a cycle seems to have come to Fauré only after his return to Paris on 20 June. The rest of the songs were completed in Paris by September 1891. The cycle was published by Hamelle that year, dedicated to Singer. It was published in England in 1896 by Metzler, with an English translation by Adela Maddison.
Fauré wrote to Singer in September 1891 that he believed that with this song cycle he had created a new form, whereby the return of the themes of the other songs in the final one, "C'est l'extase", made the songs into a kind of suite.

## Settings

Fauré's settings of Verlaine's poems are as follows:
* "Mandoline" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "En sourdine" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "Green" (from Romances sans paroles)
* "À Clymène" (from Fêtes galantes)
* "C'est l'extase" (from Romances sans paroles)

## Premieres

"Mandoline" was premiered at the salon of Marguerite Baugnies on 21 June 1891, the day after Fauré's return to Paris from Italy.
Cinq Mélodies "de Venise" had its premiere at the Société Nationale de Musique on 2 April 1892, sung by Maurice Bagès.
# Hwang Jau-Yuan

Hwang Jau-yuan (Chinese: 黃昭元; pinyin: Huáng Zhāoyuán; born 28 September 1962) is a Taiwanese jurist who has served as a justice of the Constitutional Court of Taiwan, the country's highest court, since 2016.

## Early life and education

Hwang was born in 1962. He graduated from National Taiwan University (NTU) in 1984 with a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) and earned a Master of Laws (LL.M.) from the university in 1989. After completing his master's degree, Hwang entered private practice of law as an associate attorney at Formosa Transnational Attorneys-at-Law, a law firm based in Taipei, Taiwan, where Hwang worked from September 1988 to June 1990.
Hwang later received a scholarship to study in the United States at Harvard University, where he earned a second LL.M. in 1991 and a Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) in 1995 from Harvard Law School. His doctoral thesis, published in June 1995, was titled, "Constitutional Change and Political Transition in Taiwan Since 1986: The Role of Legal Institutions".

## Career

In August 1995, Hwang became a professor at the College of Law at National Taiwan University, where he is an authority on constitutional law and international law. He began as a lecturer at NTU from 1995 to 1996, then was an associate professor of law from 1996 to 2004, and was promoted to a full professor of law at NTU in August 2004. He served as the director of NTU Law's Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrated Law. From 24 June 2013 to 25 July 2013, Hwang was a visiting scholar at the University of Tübingen in Germany.
Hwang was inaugurated as a justice of the Judicial Yuan on 11 November 2016. In 2017, he was among the justices of the court to rule in favor of legalizing same-sex marriage in the Judicial Yuan's Interpretation No. 748.
# Black Community Mixtapes

Black Community Mixtapes is a Canadian documentary-style television series that premiered on September 24, 2023 and aired on the Citytv network. Hosted by KhaRå Martin, the five-part series takes audiences on a historical throwback to the beginnings of Hip Hop culture in Canada. The show offers a rare glimpse into the late-80s to mid-90s Hip Hop mecca City of Toronto of yesteryear through exclusive testimonials shared the pioneering figures responsible for making the early contributions that ultimately paved the way for the likes of globally recognized acts including Drake.

## Episodes

* "Hip Hop"
* "Toronto Carnival"
* "Photography"
* "Literature"
* "Archivists"

## Awards

| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Work | Result |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Photography in a Documentary Program or Factual Series | Ashley Iris Gill, Keenan Lynch | Won |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Sound in a Documentary or Factual Program or Series | Bridget Tang, Malcolm Wegg, Derek Brin | Won |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Direction in a Documentary or Factual Series | Alison Duke, Ngardy Conteh George | Nominated |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Original Music, Documentary Program or Series | La-Nai Gabriel | Won |
| Canadian Screen Awards | 2024 | Best Writing in a Documentary Program or Series | Alison Duke | Nominated |
# Streptomyces rimosus

Streptomyces rimosus is a bacterium species in the genus Streptomyces.
It was isolated from a soil sample in 1950 by A. C. Finlay et al., who isolated terramycin (earth fungus), later called oxytetracycline, from it.

## Uses

The antibiotics oxytetracycline and tetracycline are produced in cultures of S. rimosus. Paromomycin has also been isolated from cultures of S. rimosus.

## Polyketide synthesis

Streptomyces rimosus's oxytetracycline polyketide synthase acyl carrier protein differs from most ACPs by having a C-terminus extension.
# Ahmad Nateghi

Ahmad Nateghi (Persian: احمد ناطقی; born 1958) is an Iranian photographer and photojournalist, who is best known for his photos of the Iran–Iraq War.

## Life

He was born in 1958 in the south of Tehran. He graduated from the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Tehran in the field of directing. He started photography in the 1970s as a teenager.
In the years 1978 to 1980, during the Iranian revolution and the beginning of the Iran-Iraq War, he photographed several big events as an amateur. He started professional photography when the Islamic Republic took power, and became the head of the photo department of the Islamic Republic News Agency in 1983, and during the Iran-Iraq war, he recorded many famous photographs. His unique photos of the Halabja massacre made him famous. He took the infamous photo of Omar Khawar. His last street exhibition was held 21 years after the Halabja tragedy in 2009 in the same places where the incident happened, which he was welcomed and surprised by the people of Halabja. After holding the exhibition in Halabja, Ahmad Nateghi was searching for the living people of his pictures for two years and he found 7 of them in his most famous pictures, and after talking to them, he prepared pictures of them and a collection of other Halabja massacre pictures along and made it into a collection titled "The Sound of Silence" in Persian, Kurdish and English.
# Timeline of the Era of Attacks

This page presents all events related to the Era of Attacks (1892-1894).

### General overview

This timeline is largely based on the list provided by Hélène Millot, with additional references from the more comprehensive works of John M. Merriman and Vivien Bouhey. The start and end dates of the period follow Millot’s framework, beginning with the Saint-Germain bombing (11 March 1892) and ending with the massacre of anarchist convicts (22 October 1894). However, Bouhey offers a broader perspective, considering the period from 1890 to 1894, which is not adopted here. The Fourmies massacre and the Clichy affair are included in the timeline, as most sources regard these two events as immediate precursors to the Era of Attacks.

## Events

    Judicial affair - Legal repression
    Terrorist attack
    Execution - Massacre
| Date | Event | Place | Instigator(s) | Outcome |
| 1 May 1891 | Massacre at Fourmies | Fourmies | French state French army | Massacre of a dozen peaceful demonstrators in Fourmies 9 dead, 35 (at least) injured |
| 1 May 1891 | Clichy affair | Paris | French state French police | Violent arrest of three anarchists High-profile trial which radicalises the anarchists through its harshness |
| 10 February 1892 | Hanging of the Jerez anarchists | Jerez | Spanish state Arsenio Martínez Campos Guardia civil | Four anarchists hanged in Jerez. |
| 29 February 1892 | Saint-Dominique bombing | Paris | French anarchist (?) | Explosion in a wealthy residence on rue Saint-Dominique, in Paris 0 dead, 0 injured |
| 11 March 1892 | Saint-Germain bombing | Paris | François Koenigstein (Ravachol) Rosalie Soubère (Mariette) Joseph Jas-Béala (Béala) Charles Simon (Biscuit) | Symbolic start of the Era of Attacks They fail to kill or injure Benoît, the judge in the Clichy case. 0 dead, 1 injured. Shift from ‘person-based’ terrorism to ‘location-based’ terrorism |
# Alan Collier

Alan Stanley Collier (born 24 March 1938) is an English former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Club career

In 1955, Collier signed professional terms at Luton Town, after playing for the club at youth level. Over the course of six years, Collier made 13 appearances for Luton, ten coming in the Football League, before departing the club in 1961, joining Chelmsford City. Collier played for Chelmsford for four years, before joining Bedford Town in 1965. After four years at Bedford, making 206 appearances in all competitions, Collier rejoined Chelmsford for a third spell in the summer of 1970, after having a short loan stint back at the club in 1967. Collier's third stint at Chelmsford was short lived, joining Folkestone in 1970. Collier later played for Stevenage Athletic.

## International career

Collier represented England at schoolboy and youth level, making four appearances for England youth between 1955 and 1956.
# Michael Soussan

Michael Soussan (born 1973) is a Danish-born reporter, writer and whistleblower. He lives in Los Angeles, California.
He became famous for his 2008 book Backstabbing for Beginners: My Crash Course in International Diplomacy, about the widespread corruption and financial abuse, at the highest levels, that he found while working for the Oil-for-Food Program under the United Nations in Iraq. The book was the basis of the 2018 feature film Backstabbing for Beginners, starring Ben Kingsley and Theo James and directed by Per Fly Plejdrup.
Soussan was born in 1973 in Denmark to a Sephardi Jewish father and a Danish mother. Soussan's father was born in Casablanca and immigrated to Israel. There, he met Soussan's mother, a Danish Protestant who had gone to work on a kibbutz. In Backstabbing for Beginners, Soussan writes "the result [of his parents' relationship] was a child who could best be described as a Sephardic Viking."
Soussan grew up, mostly, in Paris and immigrated to the United States at 18. He attended Brown University, where he co-founded and edited the Brown Journal of World Affairs. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the university in 1996. After graduating, Soussan planned to pursue a career in law. After working at a law firm in Washington, D.C., however, he became disillusioned with Capitol Hill and decided to pivot to a career more humanitarian in nature.
At a friend's recommendation, Soussan applied for a job at the United Nations, which would involve traveling to Iraq. Soussan was chosen for the job, in part because he did not hold American or British citizenship. In a 2018 interview, Soussan reflected on his outlook at the time, stating "At Brown, they teach you to be idealistic — but they don’t teach you how the world works. I had to find that out."
Soussan arrived in Iraq in 1997 where he worked for the Oil-for-Food Program. For much of his time in the country, Soussan worked as the assistant to Benon Sevan, the Armenian Cypriot administrator of the program. According to Backstabbing for Beginners, Soussan was present at the alleged 1998 deal in which Sevan began receiving bribes from the government of Baathist Iraq.
As a journalist and commentator he has contributed to The New York Times, The New Republic, The Wall Street Journal and many others, including from Afghanistan and Iraq.
# Studio Fantasia

Studio Fantasia Co., Ltd. (有限会社スタジオ・ファンタジア, Yūgen gaisha Sutajio Fantajia) was a Japanese animation studio. It was founded on October 12, 1983, by Tomohisa Iizuka, then an employee of Tsuchida Production, as its CEO.
On November 16, 2016, the company filed for bankruptcy.

## Productions
### TV series

| Debut | Series title | Director | Series composition | Original network | No. of episodes | Notes |
| 2001 | Najica Blitz Tactics | Katsuhiko Nishijima | Ken'ichi Kanemaki | TV Kanagawa | 12 | Co-produced with Amber Film Works. |
| 2003 | Stratos 4 | Takeshi Mori | Katsuhiko Takayama | TV Saitama | 15 | |
| 2003 | Rumbling Hearts | Tetsuya Watanabe | Ken'ichi Kanemaki | Chiba TV | 14 | Based on an adult visual novel of the same name by Âge. |
| 2006 | Strain: Strategic Armored Infantry | Tetsuya Watanabe | Masanao Akahoshi | WOWOW | 13 | |
| 2008 | Glass Maiden | Mitsuko Kase | Atsuhiro Tomioka | Chiba TV | 12 | |

### OVA/ONAs

* Project A-ko 3: Cinderella Rhapsody (1988)
* Demon Hunter Makaryūdo (1989)
* Project A-ko 4: FINAL (1989)
* A-ko the Versus (1990)
* Exper Zenon (1991)
* Madara (1991)
* Kōryū Densetsu Villgust (1992–1993)
* Compiler (1994)
* Aozora Shōjotai (1994–1996)
* Megami Paradise (1995)
* Compiler 2 (1995)
* Sailor Victory (1995)
* Fire Emblem (1996)
* Aika (1997–1999)
* Honō no Labyrinth (2000)
* Stratos 4 Advance (2005–2006)
* Rescue Me: Mave-chan (2005)
* Saikano: Another Love Song (2005)
* Kirameki Project (2005–2006)
* Sono Mukou no Mukōgawa (2005 music video)
* Aika R-16: Virgin Mission (2007)
* Aika Zero (2009)
* Nozoki Ana (2013)

### Video games

* Super Real Mahjong PV (1996)
* Megami Tengoku II (1996)
* Velldeselba Senki: Tsubasa no Kunshō (1997)
* Rakugaki Showtime (1999)
* Tetris with Cardcaptor Sakura: Eternal Heart (2000)
* Rave Master (2002)
# Harnek Singh

Harnek Singh is an Indian athlete. He is known as Subedar Harnek Singh Brar. He is Living in Kot Sukhia Village. He is a very good cricket player with 3 world titles and 2 mvps. He has recently moved to Wheatfield in the United States to begin his education.Faridkot, Punjab, India.

## Early life

He was born in 1935. He served in the Indian Army.

## Career

He joined Athletics in the Army and won a Gold Medal in Edenberg and medals in England, Scotland, Germany, Singapore, Hong Kong and in Thailand. After winning the Gold Medal he earned Arjuna Award in 1969.
# Peter James

Peter James may refer to:
* Peter James (historian) (1952–2024), British author and historian
* Peter James (writer) (born 1948), British writer of crime fiction and film producer
* Peter Francis James (born 1956), African-American actor and voice-over artist
* Peter James (cinematographer) (born 1947), Australian cinematographer
* Peter James (set decorator) (1924–1997), English set decorator
* Peter James (rugby union) (born 1935), rugby union player who represented Australia
* Peter James (cricketer) (born 1971), played for Surrey
* Peter Stanley James (1917–1999), Royal Air Force officer
* Peter Wilfred James (1930–2014), English botanist and lichenologist
* Pete James (1958–2018), curator of photography
# Maria Svolou

Maria Svolou (Greek: Μαρία Σβώλου, née Desypri (Δεσύπρη); c. 1892 – 3 June 1976) was a Greek feminist and socialist leader.

## Biography

Maria Desypri was born around 1892 in Athens to George Desypros and his wife. Maria was one of four daughters and lived for two years in Piraeus. She moved with her family to Larissa in her youth when her father was appointed director of a branch of the Greek National Bank. There she studied at the Arsakeion School of Larissa, graduating around 1907. Following the death of her father in 1915, the family returned to Athens. She received a certificate in French Studies in 1916 and a license for teaching French from the Ecclesiastical and Public Education Ministries in 1919.
Svolou was active in the women's movement of Greece from a young age. She married law professor Alexandros Svolos in 1923. As secretary of the League for Women's Rights she advocated for the creation of night schools for women who worked and fought against prostitution. She campaigned and wrote on behalf of equality for the women of Greece. She was inspector of labor for the Ministry of Economics and used her position there to draw attention the poor working and housing conditions of impoverished working women.
Svolou was involved in liberal politics from 1911 to 1936 and supported the peace movement. She was editor of the magazine Woman's Struggle and was exiled from Greece from 1936 to 1940 with her husband by dictator Ioannis Metaxas. Svolou was a leader of the liberal feminist movement but believed that gender equality could only be attained after fundamental societal change. She returned to Greece in 1940 and volunteered in the Greco-Italian War as a nurse. She later organised meals with the Red Cross for children during the German occupation of Greece. Svolou joined the EAM-ELAS resistance movement and was elected a member of the National Council, while her husband became chairman of the EAM-led Political Committee of National Liberation. Svolou sympathised with the Communists and was exiled again in 1948, during the Greek Civil War. Following her return she ran for the Parliament as a member of the United Democratic Left. She was elected twice and was a member of the party's Central Committee.