OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mount Mihara

Mount Mihara (三原山, Mihara-yama) is an active volcano on the Japanese isle of Izu Ōshima. Although the volcano is predominantly basaltic, major eruptions have occurred at intervals of 100–150 years.

## History

Mount Mihara's major eruption in 1986 saw lava fountains up to 1.6 kilometres (1.0 mi) high. The eruption had a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 3, and involved a central vent eruption, radial fissure eruption, explosive eruption, lava flows, and a lava lake eruption. There was also a 16 km high subplinian plume. All of the island's 12,000 inhabitants were evacuated by dozens of military and civilian volunteer vessels.
The most recent eruption was in 1990.

### Suicide

From a vantage point near the top of the cone it was once possible to leap into the crater. As a result, the volcano became a popular venue for suicides. Beginning in the 1920s, several suicides occurred in the volcano every week. The most notable death by suicide was that of twenty-one year old Matsumoto Kiyoko, who jumped into the volcano on February 12, 1933. She and a friend, Tomita Masako, had planned to go to the volcano together as part of a dōsei shinjū (a same-sex lover's suicide), but after climbing the volcano, Tomita was stopped by a guard. It was later revealed that Tomita had witnessed a suicide attempt a short while previously with another girl, and to get to the volcano, she had purchased a round-trip ferry ticket. Newspapers branded her as a suicide guide and ran dramatized stories warning of the dangers of same-sex relationships between women. After the incident, the suicide toll skyrocketed to 945 that year alone. Authorities eventually erected a fence around the base of the structure to curb the number of suicides.

## Mihara in popular culture

Mt Mihara has been featured numerous times in fiction. In 1965, Oshima Island and the volcano itself appeared in the climax of Gamera's debut film, where the military lured the giant turtle there as a means to trap it in a giant rocket-ship built on the island.
Mount Mihara was the place where the Japanese government imprisoned Godzilla in the movie The Return of Godzilla. Five years later, in the sequel Godzilla vs. Biollante, bombs placed on Mt. Mihara go off and release Godzilla from his fiery tomb.
In the novel Ring by Koji Suzuki and its subsequent film adaption, Shizuko Yamamura, the mother of Sadako, predicted that Mount Mihara would someday erupt using her psychic abilities. After a failed psychic demonstration which resulted in Sadako psychically murdering a reporter, Shizuko became depressed and ultimately insane and committed suicide by leaping into the crater of Mount Mihara.
# India at the 2026 Asian Games

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#REDIRECT 2026 Asian Games
# White Flag (painting)

White Flag is an encaustic painting by the American artist Jasper Johns. Created in 1955, soon after his first flag painting, entitled simply Flag, it was the first painting by Johns to be acquired by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York, bought from the artist in 1998. The price was undisclosed but experts estimated its value at the time as more than $20 million.
The painting is a relatively early example of the many works created by Johns from 1954, inspired by a dream of the U.S. flag. Painted on canvas using encaustic, oil, newsprint, and charcoal, White Flag is the first monochrome rendering of the US flag by Johns. Measuring 198.9 centimetres (78.3 in) by 306.7 centimetres (120.7 in), it is also the largest of his flag paintings.
Johns worked on three separately stretched areas of canvas—the 48 stars to the upper left, seven of the thirteen stripes to the upper right, and the remaining six longer stripes below—which were then combined to form a whole. The U.S. flag is depicted in the form it took between 1912 and 1959, with 48 white stars on a blue canton representing the then U.S. states (prior to the admission of Alaska and Hawaii) with thirteen red and white stripes. The stars and stripes are built up as a collage of paper and fabric which were dipped in molten beeswax before being applied to a ground of beeswax. The three collages were then joined together and covered with a layer of fast-setting dirty white encaustic (beeswax mixed with white pigment), with highlights added in white oil paint. Johns's rapid brushstrokes are clearly visible in the roughly-finished encaustic medium. The completed work covers the whole of the canvas, with no frame.
Johns's selection of the US flag allows him to explore a familiar two-dimensional object, with its simple internal geometric structure and a complex symbolic meaning. The built-up collage distorts the flags flatness, while the off-white encaustic obliterates the flag's usual red-white-and-blue colouring, leaving a ghostly embalmed remnant. Johns' Neo-Dada work anticipates aspects of pop art, minimal art, and conceptual art.
The 1988 Christie's auction, selections from the Tremaine Collection, a smaller version of White Flag sold for USD$7 million, and was briefly the highest auction price for an artwork by a living artist, until it was exceeded the next day by Johns' False Start. (Regarding the smaller version, note the difference in artwork size, exhibition histories, and ownership over the years of the two works, referring to the Met webpage for the larger White Flag.) This smaller version was shown in photographs by Louise Lawler documenting the artwork owners' interiors and its appearance in the 1988 auction.
# Mary Pradd

Mary Pradd (died November 1876) often known as Old Mary Pradd, sometimes Mary Pratt, was an English woman murdered in The Borough, London in 1876.
Pradd was photographed by John Thomson a few weeks before her death and appeared in his 1877 book Street Life in London.

## Adult life

Pradd was married to a tinker called Lamb and she travelled around with Lamb and along with other men, including Mr Gumble, Edward Roland. Lamb and Pradd had a daughter named Harriet Lamb.
Pradd was socialising with friends in Battersea when she was photographed by John Thomson in Kent Street, London, a few weeks before her death. The photograph appeared in his 1877 book Street Life in London.
She was known to over-consume alcohol.

## Death

Pradd died in November 15 or 16 1876 at the age of 55 years of a haemorrhage from a stab wound that occurred while sharing a room with her friends Gamble and Roland who were fully dressed and asleep at the time of her death. Roland and Gumble were initially suspected of being involved in her death, but a jury found insufficient evidence to find them guilty of any crime. Pradd was found dead on the room's floor, fully dressed, with a three-quarter-inch long laceration to her body.
# Acasis viridata

Acasis viridata, the olive-and-black carpet, is a species of moth belonging to the family Geometridae. It was described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1873. It is found from Newfoundland to British Columbia and the adjacent northern part of the United States, south in the east to Florida, and south in the west to Colorado and Oregon.
The wingspan is 18–20 mm. Adults are on wing from April to July in North America. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on the flower heads of Viburnum cassinoides.
# Nymphaea candida

Nymphaea candida is a species of perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous herb in the family Nymphaeaceae native to the region spanning from Europe to Siberia and Western Himalaya.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea candida is a perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous herb with unbranched rhizomes. It has a spread of approximately 60 cm and a plant depth from 10 to 30 cm. It has rhizomes that are stoloniferous and unbranched. There are about 10-20 leaves that are 9–19 cm across that are usually floating or submerged. The leaves are membranous when young and prominently veined when mature. The plant prefers growing in water-depths of about 60–80 cm.

### Generative characteristics

Nymphaea candida has a small white flower (10–20 cm across) with a yellow center. The bisexual flower usually floats alone. The peduncles are long and there are 4 sepals. There are about 12-24 petals on each flower. The petals can be described as oblong-ovate, apex obtuse, and white. The outer petals are shorter than the inner ones.

### Cytology

The chromosome count is n = 56. The genome size is 1936.44 Mb.

## Taxonomy

The plant was described by Carl Borivoj Presl in 1882. However, sometimes both Carl Borivoj Presl and Jan Svatopluk Presl are credited as the taxon authors. Within the subgenus Nymphaea subg. Nymphaea it is placed in the section Nymphaea sect. Nymphaea.

### Etymology

The specific epithet candida from the Latin candidus means pure white.

## Distribution and habitat

It grows in the quiet freshwaters in Eurasia. The plant grows only in water, as it is an aquatic plant, mainly in ponds, lakes, and slow flowing streams.

## Conservation

It is endangered in China.
# Daphlapur State

Daphalapur State, also spelled Dafalapur, was a Hindu petty princely state of British India. It was a former Maratha territory, one of the former Southern Maratha Jagirs (feudal estates).
Daphlapur State and neighbouring Jath State were the only two states belonging to the Bijapur Agency under the Bombay Presidency, which later would become part of the colonial Deccan States Agency.
The state had six villages with an area of only 249 square kilometres (96 sq mi) and a population of 6,006 inhabitants in 1881.

## History

The state was founded in 1680 as Daphlapur. Akalkot, Aundh, Bhor, Daphlapur, Jath, and Phaltan, which were Jagirs of Satara State, became tributaries to the British when Satara state was abolished in 1849. Following British rule in the area it came under the collector of Bijapur District, together with larger Jath State. The third widow of the last ruler, Ranibai Lakshmibai Saheb, died without succession and the dynasty line of the state became extinguished. Then Daphlapur ended up being annexed by Jath State on 27 January 1917. The Chavan (Daphales) of Jath were one of the oldest and high caste Maratha noble families of the Deccan. Initially the Chavans were the Patil of Daphalapur. This role of the Chavans has been confirmed by Grand Duff. The daphalapur state was founded by Satvaji Chavan allas Daphale in 1672. This state came into existence during the Maratha period and lasted up to the end of the British period. Satvaji was very ambitious. He was a great military general. He had a chequered career because he underwent various ups and downs and ultimately carved out an important Maratha state for his family near Bijapur. This fact itself indicates the great achievement of Satvaji Chavan. Satvaji Chavan, at the beginning of his career served Adilshahi and later joined the Maratha general Santaji Ghorpade

## Rulers

The rulers of the state belonged to the Dafle dynasty and bore the (rarely modest) title of Deshmukh.
On 27 January 1917, the state was incorporated into Jath, whose rulers (also styled Deshmukh) shared the same Dafle bloodline, owing to lack of succession and were awarded a Privy Purse of 49,924 Rupees. The joint state ceased to exist on 8 March 1948 by accession to Bombay state.

### Deshmukhs

* 1680 – 1703 Satvaji Rao I (d. 1706)
* 1703 – 1704 Bovaji Rao (d. 1704)
* 1704 – 1748 Yesu Bai "Au Sahib" (female) (d. 1754)
* 1748 – 1759 Yeshwant Rao (d. 1759)
* 1759 – 1790 Amrit Rao I (d. 1790)
* 1790 – 1810 Khanji Rao (b. 17.. – d. 1810)
* 1810 – 1822 Renuka Bai (female) – Regent (d. 1822) (administrator from 1816)
* 1822 – December 1885 Satvaji Rao II (b. 1797 – d. 1885)
* 16th December 1885 – 13th January 1917 Rani Bai Saheb Daphlé (female) (b. 1834 – d. 1917)
# 1967 Western Samoan general election

General elections were held in Western Samoa on 25 February 1967. All candidates ran as independents and voting was restricted to Faʻamatai and citizens of European origin ("individual voters"), with the Matai electing 45 MPs and Europeans two. Following the election, Fiamē Mataʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II remained Prime Minister.

## Campaign

A total of 126 candidates contested the 45 Samoan seats, with five running in the individual voter seats.
Although voting was restricted to matais, the ability of traditional chiefs to create new matai led to significant changes in voter demographics in some areas, with the number of matais more than doubling since 1961. In Vaisigano No. 1 constituency, the number of matais increased from 139 in 1965 to over 1,400 by the 1967 elections. Trucks had been sent out to collect people and register them as matai, including many women, who were traditionally rarely made matai.

## Results

Sixteen MLAs lost their seats, including Minister of Education Papali'i Poumau. Surprising defeats included Afoafouvale Misimoa in Palauli East and Tufuga Efi in Vaisigano No. 1.
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Independents | 7,394 | 100.00 | 47 |
| Total | Total | 7,394 | 100.00 | 47 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 7,394 | 99.14 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 64 | 0.86 | |
| Total ballots cast | Total ballots cast | | – | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 8,184 | – | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. |||||

## Aftermath

Following the elections, members of the Legislative Assembly elected Magele Ate as Speaker and Tuala Paulo as Deputy Speaker. Fiame Mata'afa was re-elected as Prime Minister, and formed an eight-member cabinet on 17 March, including three new ministers, Luamanuvae Eti, Lesatele Rapi and Tuaopepe Tame.
| Position | Minister |
| Prime Minister | Fiame Mata'afa |
| Minister for Agriculture | Laufili Time |
| Minister for Education | Tuaopepe Tame |
| Minister for Finance | Fred Betham |
| Minister for Health | Luamanuvae Eti |
| Minister of Justice | Ulualofaiga Talamaivao |
| Minister for Land and Land Registry | To'omata Lilomaiava Tua |
| Minister for the Post Office, Radio and Broadcasting | Faalavaau Galu |
| Minister for Works and Transport | Lesatele Rapi |
# 41st Mechanized Brigade (Ukraine)

The 41st Mechanized Brigade (Ukrainian: 41 окрема механізована бригада) is a brigade of the Ukrainian Ground Forces formed in 2023.

## History

The 41st Mechanized Brigade is a new mechanized brigade of Ukrainian Ground forces. The formation was announced by the Odesa Territorial Recruitment Center, which is part of the local military administration.
Reports emerged in October 2024 that the 41st Brigade was taking part in the Ukrainian operation in Russia's Kursk Oblast.

## Structure

As of 2023 the brigade's structure is as follows:
* 41st Mechanized Brigade,
** Headquarters & Headquarters Company
** 1st Mechanized Battalion
** 2nd Mechanized Battalion
** 3rd Mechanized Battalion
** Tank Battalion
** Artillery Group
** Anti-Aircraft Defense Battalion
** Reconnaissance Company
** Engineer Battalion
** Logistic Battalion
** Maintenance Battalion
** Signal Company
** Radar Company
** Medical Company
** Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Protection Company
# Mary Pradd

Mary Pradd (died November 1876) often known as Old Mary Pradd, sometimes Mary Pratt, was an English woman murdered in The Borough, London in 1876.
Pradd was photographed by John Thomson a few weeks before her death and appeared in his 1877 book Street Life in London.

## Adult life

Pradd was married to a tinker called Lamb and she travelled around with Lamb and along with other men, including Mr Gumble, Edward Roland. Lamb and Pradd had a daughter named Harriet Lamb.
Pradd was socialising with friends in Battersea when she was photographed by John Thomson in Kent Street, London, a few weeks before her death. The photograph appeared in his 1877 book Street Life in London.
She was known to over-consume alcohol.

## Death

Pradd died in November 15 or 16 1876 at the age of 55 years of a haemorrhage from a stab wound that occurred while sharing a room with her friends Gumble and Roland who were fully dressed and asleep at the time of her death. Roland and Gumble were initially suspected of being involved in her death, but a jury found insufficient evidence to find them guilty of any crime. Pradd was found dead on the room's floor, fully dressed, with a three-quarter-inch long laceration to her body.
# Clavister

Clavister, founded and headquartered in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden - develops, produces, and sells cybersecurity solutions based on proprietary, innovative software with high performance and scalability. Through a growing ecosystem of partners and resellers, Clavister has delivered hundreds of thousands of products to leading organizations in the public sector, defense industry, telecommunications operators, energy companies, and small- and medium-sized businesses.
The company has a commercial focus on a few selected European markets, including the Nordic countries, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, but also reaches a global audience by licensing its technology, known as OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturing), to international players and through sales via international distributors and resellers.
As of December 31, 2023, Clavister has 109 employees, most of whom are located at Clavister's headquarters in Örnsköldsvik, where over 20 nationalities are represented.
# Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti (politician, born 1972)

Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بھٹی; born 1 February 1972) is a Pakistani politician who has been a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab since 2024.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf-backed independent candidate from constituency PP-76 Sargodha-VI in the 2024 Pakistani general election.
# Brandi Cyrus

Brandi Glenn Cyrus (née Helson; born May 26, 1987) is an American actress and DJ. She was the co-host Cyrus vs. Cyrus: Design and Conquer on Bravo and is a co-host of the Your Favorite Thing podcast.
Out of six siblings, as she has three brothers and two sisters, Cyrus is the first and eldest daughter of country singer Billy Ray Cyrus.

## Personal life

Cyrus was born on May 26, 1987 in Nashville, Tennessee as Brandi Glenn Helson. Her mother is Leticia "Tish" Cyrus. Her biological father is Baxter Neal Helson. She was adopted at age six by Billy Ray Cyrus, her mother's second husband, following their marriage. Her siblings include brothers Trace and Braison and sisters Miley and Noah Cyrus.

## Filmography

* 2007: Hannah Montana: Live in London
* 2007: Billy Ray Cyrus: Home at Last
* 2008: Zoey 101
* 2008-2011: Hannah Montana
* 2009: Hannah Montana: The Movie
* 2011: What's Up
* 2013: Piers Morgan Tonight
* 2013: Truly Tish
* 2014: Brandiville
* 2014: MTV Video Music Awards
* 2015: Old 37
* 2015: Celebrity P.O.V.
* 2015: The Queue
* 2016: Entertainment Tonight
* 2016: Access Hollywood
* 2017: Cyrus vs. Cyrus: Design and Conquer
# Frank Henry

Frank Sherman Henry (December 15, 1909 – August 25, 1989) was a United States Army officer and Olympic equestrian who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics in London. Over the course of his career, he served in the U.S. Cavalry, attained the rank of brigadier general, and became the only American equestrian to win three medals in a single Olympic Games. He won a gold medal in team eventing and silver medals in individual eventing and team dressage.

## Early Life and Education

Frank Sherman Henry was born in Cambridge, New York, in 1909. He spent his early childhood at 99 East Main Street in an apartment within a house later owned by the Nolan family. He attended local schools before gaining admission to the United States Military Academy at West Point. He graduated in 1933 and was commissioned as an officer in the U.S. Army Cavalry.

## Military Career

After receiving his commission, Henry was assigned to the U.S. Cavalry, a branch of the military that emphasized horsemanship and equestrian training. His early postings included instructional roles at military installations where he refined his skills in riding and training horses for both military and competitive purposes.
During World War II, Henry was assigned to the War Department's General Staff in Washington, D.C., where he was involved in planning and administrative operations. While not engaged in direct combat, his role contributed to the logistical and strategic aspects of the war effort. He remained in the Army following the war and continued his involvement in equestrian programs, both within the military and for Olympic training. He later achieved the rank of brigadier general before retiring from service.

## Olympic Career

Henry was initially selected to represent the United States in the 1940 Olympic Games, but the event was canceled due to World War II. Following the war, he competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, where he participated in multiple equestrian disciplines.
In the team eventing competition, Henry rode the horse Swing Low as part of the U.S. team, which secured a gold medal. He also competed in individual eventing, where he won a silver medal, finishing behind fellow American rider Earl Foster Thomson. In addition, Henry was a member of the U.S. team dressage squad, which earned a silver medal, marking his third medal of the Games. His performance made him the only American equestrian to win three medals at a single Olympic Games.

## Later Life and Death

Following his Olympic success, Henry remained active in military and equestrian circles. He continued to support equestrian training and worked with younger riders preparing for international competitions. He retired from military service as a brigadier general and eventually settled in Chesterfield, Missouri.
Frank Sherman Henry died on August 25, 1989, at the age of 79. He was remembered for both his military service and his achievements in equestrian sports. His contributions were recognized in his hometown of Cambridge, New York, where he remains an important historical figure.
# Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti (politician, born 1972)

Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بھٹی; is a Pakistani politician who has been a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab since 2024.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf-backed independent candidate from constituency PP-76 Sargodha-VI in the 2024 Pakistani general election.