OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Degasser

A degasser is a device used in the upstream oil industry to remove dissolved and entrained gases from a liquid. In drilling it is used to remove gasses from drilling fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. In a produced water treatment plant it is part of the process to clean produced water prior to disposal.

## Degasser

For a small amount of entrained gas in a drilling fluid, the degasser can play a major role of removing small bubbles that a liquid film has enveloped and entrapped. In order for it to be released and break out the air and gas such as methane, H$_2$S and CO$_2$ from the mud to the surface, the drilling fluid must pass through a degassing technique, and it can be accomplished by the equipment called a degasser, which is also a major part of mud systems.
Another function of a degasser in the oil industry is to remove dissolved gases from a produced water stream as part of the water clean up process prior to its disposal.

## Types of Degasser
### Vacuum Tank Degasser

Vacuum Type is the most common form of degasser. It can be horizontal, vertical or round vessel. A vacuum action is created to pull in the gas cut mud. When the liquid enters the tank it will flow and be distributed to a layer of internal baffle plates designed for the mud to flow in thin laminar film and is exposed to a vacuum that forces the gas to escape and break out of the mud. The vacuum pump moves the escaping gas from the vessel discharging it to the rig's flare or environmental control system.

### Atmospheric Degasser

This type of degasser processes mud by accelerating fluid through a submerged pump impeller and impinging the fluid on a stationary baffles to maximize surface and thus enable escaping gas vent to atmosphere.

### Produced water Degasser

A produced water degasser can be either a horizontal or vertical vessel. It operates at a low pressure to maximise the amount of gas (eg methane, carbon dioxide) that is removed from the water stream. It can be located immediately downstream of the production separators prior to low pressure water treatment system such as dissolved gas flotation. In this case the degasser may also act as a surge drum to ensure a steady flow of water to the treatment plant. Alternatively, it can be located downstream of produced water hydrocyclones. In either case the degasser provides sufficient residence time to allow dissolved or entrained gases to be released from the produced water stream. From the degasser water is disposed of via a caisson into the sea, or for disposal elsewhere. The separated gas is routed from the degasser to a flare or vent system for safe disposal. The degasser can be provided with an oil collection device to remove accumulated oil from the surface of the produced water inside the degasser. A degasser may accumulate solids (sand) in its base, facilities to remove solids may be installed.
# Blastobasis pallescens

Blastobasis pallescens is a moth of the family Blastobasidae. It is found in Australia, including northern Queensland.
# Ancylolomia pectinifera

Ancylolomia pectinifera is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1910. It is found in Kenya, Somalia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
# Bulbophyllum globuliforme

Bulbophyllum globuliforme, commonly known as the green bead orchid, miniature moss-orchid or hoop pine orchid, is a species of epiphytic orchid with tiny spherical pseudobulbs, scale-like leaves and small cream-coloured flowers with a yellow labellum. It grows on the scaly bark of hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii), mostly on the McPherson Range on the New South Wales/Queensland border in eastern Australia. Because of its small size it is often dismissed as moss.

## Description

Bulbophyllum globuliforme is an epiphytic herb with pale green, more or less spherical pseudobulbs that are 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) in diameter. Each pseudobulb has a single papery, scale-like leaf 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) long. A single cream-coloured flower about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide is borne on a thread-like flowering stem 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long. The sepals and petals spread widely, the sepals about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 2 mm (0.08 in) wide, the petals about 2 mm (0.08 in) long and 0.5 mm (0.02 in) wide. Flowering occurs from September to November and from May to August.
This orchid is rarely encountered, except on fallen branches after storms, and is easily mistaken for a moss.

## Taxonomy and naming

Bulbophyllum globuliforme was first formally described in 1938 by William Nicholls in the Orchidologia Zeylanica.

## Distribution and habitat

The green bead orchid grows on the scaly bark of hoop pine in rainforest, mainly on the McPherson Range in eastern Australia.

## Conservation

This orchid species is listed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, and the New South Wales Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. In Queensland it is classed as "rare" under the Nature Conservation Act 1992.
# Nagaram (2007 film)

Nagaram is a 2007 Indian Malayalam film, directed by M. A. Nishad, starring Kalabhavan Mani, Biju Menon, Gopika and Lakshmi Sharma in the lead roles. Nagaram deals with social and environmental issues of utmost relevance. M.A. Nishad presented these issues in a story form.

## Plot

Each and every city and town in Kerala are facing a severe problem because of disposal of tons of waste. The focus here is on Cochin Corporation which is facing a similar crisis on waste management. Lalgudy Nanappan has taken the quotation for waste removal, but he has not found any suitable place to dispose the waste. The Mayor of the city, Prof. Sreelatha Varma, a politician with ethics doesn't sanction Nanappan's bills and all the works associated comes to a stand still. At the same time mayor cannot answer to the questions raised by the opposition members. Nanappan has good support from many members inside the corporation. His supporters are opposition leader in the City Council Stephen, Parasuraman an MLA of the area, Advocate Eenasu who is a legal consultant to the ruling party, and the State Health Minister.
Nanappan decided to dump the garbage in Sivaramapuram village with the support of corrupted politicians. Sivaramapuram is a village of calm and serene beauty where people living peacefully away from corruptions and pollutions. Ponnayya Thevar's family owned three-fourths of the land in Sivaramapura. Majority of the villagers were farmers doing agriculture by leasing land from Thevar. Thevar was always hungry for making money. Lalgudy manages to impress Thevar by agreeing a big amount as rental for giving space for waste disposal. Waste from the city starts flowing to Sivaramapuram. The villagers are made to believe with the help of Vasukuttan, a popular peer group leader, that a Waste Treatment Plant will come very soon in the village, thus providing employment to many. They are unaware of the environmental problems that are soon to engulf them.

## Cast

* Biju Menon as Dr Raveendran
* Kalabhavan Mani as Ponnayaya Thevar
* Gopika as Radhika
* Lakshmi Sharma as Mayamma
* Thilakan as Judge
* Ashokan as Stephen
* Master Dananjay as Mayamma's Son
* Salim Kumar as Lalkuzhi Nanappan
* Rajan P. Dev as Lonappan
* Harisree Ashokan as Parashuraman
* Seema as Chintamani Ammalu
* Rekha as Mayor Sreelatha Varma
* Nithya Das as Poonkodi
* Nisha Sarrang as Seetha
* Sudheesh as Vasu kuttan
* Subi Suresh as Sugandhavally
* Baburaj as Lorence
* Riza Bava as Adv.Enashu
* V. K. Sreeraman as Vaidyar
* Anil Murali as S.I Sugunan
* Zeenath as Dr.Sisily
* Nandan as Shanku
* Narayanankutty
* Jaffer Idukki as Kodali

## Reception

A critic from Indiaglitz wrote that "This time with an impressive storyline, Director M A Nishaad has graduated in film making, but still the film needs much to be desired to get converted into an interesting stuff".
# Lophocampa grotei

Lophocampa grotei is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by William Schaus in 1904. It is found on Cuba.

## Description

Male
Body fawn colored; two black points behind head; a black point on patagia; lateral black rings on abdomen; legs spotted at joints. Wings fawn color. Primaries with very irregular black irrorations (sprinkles) and lines, forming a darker inner and outer band, the former bifurcated on costa. Secondaries with an irregular subterminal black band.
Female
Similar, paler, the irrorations on primaries forming more even, fine, transverse lines about twelve in number, and not suffusing as in the male. Secondaries with a dark discal point, and the marginal dark band still more distinct. Below similar.
Wingspan for the male 32 mm and for the female 39 mm.
# Malden, Indiana

Malden is an unincorporated community in Morgan Township, Porter County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The town is locally well known for its Labor Day parade, usually having a large turn-out despite the town's small size.

## History

Malden was platted in 1909. The community was named after Malden, Massachusetts. Malden once contained a post office under the name Liberty View. This post office operated from 1910 until 1913.

## Geography

Malden is a small unincorporated community with a bar, the Malden Oasis, and New Hope Missionary Church. Across the street is a grain elevator, the Co-op. In between the bar and the church lies a street which has houses on it. By that street there is a historical school house that is still visible from Highway Forty-Nine.
# PAVA spray

PAVA spray is an incapacitant spray similar to pepper spray. It is dispensed from a handheld canister, in a liquid stream. It contains a 0.3% solution of pelargonic acid vanillylamide (PAVA), also called nonivamide, a synthetic capsaicinoid (analogue of capsaicin), in a solvent of aqueous ethanol. The propellant is nitrogen. This solution has been selected because this is the minimum concentration which will fulfill the purpose of the equipment; namely to minimise a person's capacity for resistance, without unnecessarily prolonging their discomfort.
PAVA is significantly more potent than CS gas. The liquid stream is a spray pattern and has a maximum effective range of up to four metres (13 ft). Maximum accuracy, however, will be achieved over a distance of 1.25–2 metres (4.1–6.6 ft). The operating distance is the distance between the canister and the subject's eyes, not the distance between the user and the subject.

## Effects

PAVA primarily affects the eyes, causing closure and severe pain. The pain to the eyes is reported to be greater than that caused by CS. The effectiveness rate is very high once PAVA gets into the eyes; however, there have been occasions where PAVA and CS have failed to work—especially when the subject is under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. Exposure to fresh moving air will normally result in a significant recovery from the effects of PAVA, within 15–35 minutes.
Pharmacologically, like other capsaicinoids, PAVA works by direct binding to receptors (TRPV1) that normally produce the pain and sensation of heat, as if exposed to scalding heat.

## Usage

PAVA is used widely as a less lethal, temporary defence tool around the world including in the United Kingdom, India, Switzerland, and others.

### British police and HM Prison Service

PAVA is approved for police and prison service use in the United Kingdom. British police forces had traditionally used CS gas spray, but with the more widespread carriage of tasers, PAVA has now entirely replaced its predecessor due to its non-flammable nature.

### Legal restrictions

* United States: California, Minnesota, Delaware, Washington DC and Wisconsin restrict use of less than lethal projectiles and devices using them.
* United Kingdom: Citizens may not use PAVA, under Section 5 of the Firearms Act 1968; however, police, prison officers and other Crown servants are allowed to use PAVA to uphold the law.

## Treatment

There are various treatments to combat the effects of nonivamide. One popular method includes administering a one to one solution of milk of magnesia and water to the eyes. Doctors also recommend not using oils or creams on the skin, and to not wear contact lenses, if one is planning to minimise the effects of nonivamide.
# Black Moon Rising (album)

Black Moon Rising is the eighth album by the Swedish Folk metal band Falconer, released on 10 June 2014 through Metal Blade Records. The track listing was revealed and the album went up for order on 16 April 2014.
# Lithium platinate

Lithium platinate, Li$_2$PtO$_3$, is a chemical compound of lithium, platinum and oxygen. It is a semiconductor with a layered honeycomb crystal structure and a band gap of 2.3 eV, and can be prepared by direct calcination of Pt metal and lithium carbonate at ca. 600 °C. Lithium platinate is a potential lithium-ion battery electrode material, though this application is hindered by the high costs of Pt, as compared to the cheaper Li$_2$MnO$_3$ alternative.
# Ancylolomia nigrifasciata

Ancylolomia nigrifasciata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Graziano Bassi in 2004. It is found in Namibia.
# Bulbophyllum maxillare

Bulbophyllum maxillare, commonly known as the red horntail orchid, is a species of epiphytic orchid with tapered grooved, dark green to yellowish pseudobulbs, each with a single large, thin leaf and a single reddish flower with yellow or white edges. The lateral sepals are much larger than the dorsal sepal which in turn is much larger than the petals. It grows on the lower branches of rainforest trees in India, New Guinea and tropical North Queensland.

## Description

Bulbophyllum maxillare is an epiphytic herb that has a creeping rhizome with tapered dark green to yellowish pseudobulbs 15–40 mm (0.6–2 in) long and 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) wide well spaced along it. Each pseudobulb has a thin but stiff dark green to yellowish, elliptic to lance-shaped leaf 80–150 mm (3–6 in) long and 15–25 mm (0.59–0.98 in) wide with a stalk 10–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) long. A single flower 60–90 mm (2–4 in) long and 20–25 mm (0.79–0.98 in) is borne on a thin flowering stem 100–200 mm (3.9–7.9 in) long. The flower is reddish to purplish with yellow or white edges. The dorsal sepal is oblong to lance-shaped, 20–35 mm (0.79–1.4 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide with short, dense hairs on its edges. The lateral sepals are egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 35–80 mm (1.4–3.1 in) long and 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) wide with a thin "tail" a further 20–30 mm (0.79–1.2 in) long. The petals are curved, form a hood over the column, 4–7 mm (0.16–0.28 in) long and about 2 mm (0.079 in) wide. The labellum is purple and yellow, 5–7 mm (0.20–0.28 in) long and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide with a thin extension on its tip. Flowering occurs between July and October in Australia.

## Taxonomy and naming

The red horntail orchid was first formally described in 1843 by John Lindley who gave it the name Cirrhopetalum maxillare and published the description in Edwards's Botanical Register. In 1861 Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach changed the name to Bulbophyllum maxillare.

## Distribution and habitat

Bulbophyllum maxillare grows on the lower trunks and branches of rainforest trees on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Malay Peninsula Borneo, Java, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, the Solomon Islands, New Guinea and in Australia on Moa Island, Shelburne Bay near Cape Grenville and near the Rocky River.
# HMS Eglantine

Two ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Eglantine:
* HMS Eglantine (1917) an Anchusa-class sloop launched in 1917 and sold in 1921
* HMS Eglantine (K197), a Flower-class corvette launched and transferred to the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1941
# Nagaram mandal

Nagaram mandal is one of the 23 mandals in Suryapet district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is under the administration of Suryapet revenue division with its headquarters at Nagaram. It is bounded by Jajireddygudem mandal towards South, Thungathurthy mandal towards East, Thirumalagiri mandal towards North, Nalgonda district towards West,

## Geography

It is in the 256 m elevation(altitude) .

## Demographics

Nagaram mandal is having population of 27,596. Vardaman Kota is the largest village and Chennapur is the smallest village in the mandal. It is carved out from Thungathurthy mandal, Jajireddygudem mandal and Thirumalagiri mandals.

## Villages

As of 2011 census of India, the mandal has 10 settlements. The settlements in the mandal are listed below:
* Nagaram (CT)
* Pastala
* Pasunoor
* Laxmapoor
* Mamidipally
* Etoor
* Panigiri
* Chennapur
* Vardamanu Kota
* Deveraneni Kothapally

### Notes

    (†) Mandal headquarter
# Biowaste

Biowaste may refer to:
# Vu d'un Chien

Vu D'un Chien is a studio album by the French progressive rock band Ange. It was released in 1980.

## Track listing

Side One:
* "Les Temps Modernes" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 05:12
* "Les Lorgnons" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 03:58
* "Foutez-Moi La Paix" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 02:10
* "Je Travaille Sans Filet" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 07:10
Side Two:
* "La Suisse" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 05:40
* "Personne Au Bout Du Fil" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 03:49
* "Pour Un Rien" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 02:48
* "Vu D'un Chien" (Christian Decamps, Francis Decamps) – 06:13

## Personnel

* Lead Vocals, Acoustic Guitar, Keyboards: Christian Decamps
* Keyboards, Backing Vocals: Francis Decamps
* Guitar: Robert Defer
* Bass, Backing Vocals: Didier Viseux
* Drums, Percussion: Jean-Pierre Guichard
# Así en el cielo como en la tierra

Así en el cielo como en la tierra ("In heaven as it is on Earth", referencing the Our Father) is a 1995 Spanish comedy film directed by José Luis Cuerda.

## Plot

Matacanes arrives at Heaven but it is not exactly as he imagined it, as it resembles a typical Spanish village with God as the mayor and Saint Peter as a civil guard (although Saint Peter explains that this is Spanish Heaven and other countries' heavens are different). Some people, however, are nervous because God, unhappy with things on Earth, is planning to have another child. Jesus becomes jealous and tries to convince his father to accelerate the Apocalypse instead.

## Cast

* Francisco Rabal as Saint Peter
* Fernando Fernán Gómez as Father God
* Jesús Bonilla as Jesus Christ
* Luis Ciges as Matacanes
* Agustín González as San Isidore of Seville
* Mónica Molina as Lola Fajardo
* Mary Carmen Ramírez as Virgin Mary
* Juan Luis Galiardo as Ruíz del Río
* Enrique San Francisco as Archangel Gabriel
* Gabino Diego as John the Evangelist
* Chus Lampreave as Doña Asunción
* Achero Mañas as Pimentel
* Isabel Serrano as Mariví
* Antonio Gamero as Director banda
* Alicia Sánchez as Ira divina
* Manuel Alexandre as Saint Joseph
* Saturnino García as Tabernero
* Luis Pérez Agua as Ángel trompeta
* Pepín Salvador as Marlasca
* Luis Hostalot as Saint Michael
* Rosario Santesmases as Marisol del Val
* José Mª Sacristán as Patrón chiringuito
* Jorge Bosso as Psicoanalista
* María Galiana as Evangelina
* Mª Elena Flores as Madre de Lola
* José Carlos Gómez as Moncho
* Mª Luisa Veira as Presidenta asociación
* Liberto Rabal as Saint Raphael
* José Mª Lucena as Pregonero
* Javier Manrique as Camuñas
* Fernando Vivanco as Norberto
* Concha de Leza as Virtudes
* Roberto Cairo as Pedrosa
* Enrique Valero as Amigo Moncho
* Alex Angulo as Cabrero
* Olaya Aguirre as Amiga Lola
* Lucio Romero as Herido gleba
* Ana Isabel Mateo as Amiga Lola
* Paco Sanz as Moses
* Marga González as Mujer preocupada
* Rosa Morales as Chica purgatorio
* José María Caceres as Niño 1
* Daniel Alonso as Niño 2
* Alicia Suárez

## Critical reception

Fernando Morales in El País wrote that the movie just barely get a pass, despite the good casting. Carlos Aguilar in his Guía del cine español praises the premise and the actor's performances but concludes that the film "lacks shape and rhythm".
# Bless You (disambiguation)

Bless you is a common English expression.
Bless You may also refer to:

## Songs

* "Bless You" (Tony Orlando song), 1961
* "Bless You" (Martha and the Vandellas song), 1971
* "Bless You", by John Lennon from Walls and Bridges, 1974
* "Bless You (Save You, Spare You, Damn You)", by The Stranglers from Suite XVI, 2006
* "Bless You for Being an Angel", The Ink Spots, 1939

## Other uses

* Bless You, Prison, a 2002 Romanian drama film
# Lithium periodate

Lithium periodate is an inorganic compound of lithium, iodine, and oxygen with the chemical formula LiIO$_4$.

## Physical properties

The compound forms a white powder. It also forms hydrates and is soluble in water.
# Ancylolomia parentii

Ancylolomia parentii is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Graziano Bassi in 2014. It is found in Mozambique.
# Nederby (Fur)

Nederby is a village on the island of Fur in the Limfjord north of Salling in Denmark. It had a population of 531 (1 January 2024).
Fur Church and Fur Museum are located in the village.
Fur Færgekro (Fur Ferry Inn) is an inn located in the ferry port of Stenøre, in the southern part of Nederby.
# HMS Eglinton (1916)

HMS Eglinton was a Racecourse-class minesweeper of the Royal Navy built in 1916. The Racecourse Class (also called the Ascot Class) comprised 32 paddlewheel coastal minesweeping sloops. The vessel was named for Eglinton Racecourse.
# Mark McCormick (judge)

Mark McCormick (born April 13, 1933) is a former justice of the Iowa Supreme Court who served from 1972 to 1986.

## Early career

After graduating from Villanova University, McCormick served for three years as an officer in the United States Navy. He graduated from Georgetown University Law Center in 1960, then clerked on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit for Judge Harvey M. Johnsen. McCormick then returned to Fort Dodge and practiced law from 1961 to 1968, during which he was also an Assistant Webster County attorney.

## Judicial career

From 1968 to 1972, McCormick served as a judge of the Iowa District Court. In 1972, Governor Robert D. Ray appointed McCormick to the Iowa Supreme Court.

## Return to private practice and political career

In 1986, McCormick retired from the Iowa Supreme Court to join the Des Moines firm Belin, Harris, Helmick & Tesdell as a partner. In 1997, the firm was renamed Belin Lamson McCormick Zumbach Flynn, before being renamed once more to Belin McCormick. In private practice, McCormick was rated in Band 1 for commercial litigation by Chambers & Partners.
He published a treatise on jury selection and articles in the Iowa Law Review and the Drake Law Review. He also argued before the Supreme Court of the United States in Fitzgerald v. Racing Association of Central Iowa in 2002.
In 1998, McCormick ran in the Democratic primary to be Governor of Iowa and narrowly lost to Tom Vilsack. In 2003, he ran for Mayor of Des Moines and narrowly lost again to Frank Cownie. In 2010, McCormick advocated for the retention of the justices of the Iowa Supreme Court in response to the backlash over Varnum v. Brien.
# The Murrurundi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette

The Murrurundi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette, also published as The Murrurundi and Quirindi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette, was an English language newspaper published in Murrurundi, New South Wales, Australia from 1871 to 1933.

## History

The Murrurundi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette was first published by Robert Burgess in Murrurundi in 1871. It was also briefly published as the Upper Hunter Courier : Murrurundi edition in 1871 by Richard Thatcher. The name was changed to The Murrurundi and Quirindi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette in 1885 when the Quirindi Gazette and Liverpool Plains Advocate began to be published in Quirindi in competition. At some point between 1907 and 1926 the name reverted to The Murrurundi Times and Liverpool Plains Gazette. In 1929 it was bought by The Quirindi Advocate which then incorporated it in 1933.

## Digitisation

The newspaper has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program project hosted by the National Library of Australia.