OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Study of Red Pope 1962. 2nd version 1971

Study of Red Pope 1962. 2nd version 1971 is a 1971 painting by the Irish-born English artist Francis Bacon. It failed to sell at auction in October 2017 with an estimate of £60-80 million. It had not been on public display for 45 years until viewings for its 2017 auction. It is a reinterpretation of his 1962 painting Study from Innocent X. Bacon's lover George Dyer is portrayed in the right side of the painting. The work was shown at the 1971 retrospective of Bacon's work at the Grand Palais.
The juxtaposition of the two figures has been likened to a devotional diptych, Christie's described as "icons of the spirit and the flesh – the sacred and profane".
# Galactica inornata

Galactica inornata is a moth in the family Galacticidae. It was first described by Walsingham in 1900. It is found in Yemen (Socotra).
The wingspan is about 12 mm. The forewings are dull greyish white, the veins and cell narrowly marked out by lines of brownish grey, the costa and the dorsum beneath the fold slightly suffused with the same. The hindwings are dirty whitish cinereous.
# GNM-60 mkudro

The GNM-60 is a 60mm noise reduced mortar designed for special forces and tactical groups for concealed operations. It allows troops to fire while maintaining concealment. The weapon can be operated by a single individual. The mortar is made by STC Delta.

## Technical details

Due to the special design of mortar and grenades, the system is relatively light, allowing for easy transport. Its muzzle-loaded system enables conventional operations without additional training.

### Technical specification

* Caliber - 60 mm (2.4 in)
* Barrel length - 395 mm (15.6 in)
* Weight - 2.5 kg (5.5 lb)
* Elevation
** Min - 30°
** Max - 85°
* Range of fire - 450 m (490 yd)
* Rate of fire - 25-30 rounds/min
* Noise level - 69 db
* Life expectancy - 5,000 rounds
* Shell weight - 1.5 kg (3.3 lb)
* Effective casualty radius - 25 m (27 yd)
# GNL

GNL may refer to:
* Galveston National Laboratory, a biocontainment lab in Texas
* Gangulu language
* Gender-neutral language
* GFSN National League, a British amateur football league
* Ghandhara Nissan, a Pakistani automobile manufacturer
* Gordon Newey, a defunct British car manufacturer
* Green Lane railway station, in England
* Regucalcin, a protein
# List of ancient Near Eastern scribes

This is a list of Near Eastern scribes. Besides the common clay tablet used in Mesopotamia, cylinder seals, stelas, reliefs, etc. are other commonly used mediums of the Near Eastern scribes.

## List of scribes

| Scribe | Time-period | Notes |
| Abijah | 10th century BC | Scribe of the Gezer calendar |
| Azi (scribe) | | |
| Baruch ben Neriah | | |
| Bêl-bân-aplu | | See: 0 (number)#History |
| Ezra | | |
| Sin-liqe-unninni | | one author of version- Epic of Gilgamesh |
# Gang Bing

Gang Bing (simplified Chinese: 刚炳; traditional Chinese: 剛炳; pinyin: Gāng Bǐng; Wade–Giles: Kang Ping, sometimes written as 刚秉/剛秉 Gāng Bǐng, also known as 刚铁/剛鐵 Gāng Tiě) was a Chinese general and eunuch who served under the Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty.

## Self-castration

Gang Bing is most notable for his act of self-castration as a display of loyalty to his emperor. He served under the Yongle Emperor, the third emperor of the Ming dynasty who ruled over China from 1402 to 1424. Historical accounts describe Gang Bing as the emperor's favorite general. Because of this, the Yongle Emperor placed Gang Bing in charge of the palace in Beijing while he left for a hunting expedition.
At this point political intrigue within the walls of the Forbidden City forced Gang Bing to make a drastic choice. The Yongle Emperor possessed a large harem of concubines; sexual contact with a concubine by anyone other than the emperor was a severe offense. Fearing that rivals within the palace may accuse him of sexual improprieties with one of the 73 imperial concubines, Gang Bing decided to execute a plan of terrible self-infliction the night before the emperor left for his trip: he severed his own penis and testicles with a knife. The general then placed his severed organs into a bag under the saddle of the emperor's horse.
As predicted, when the Yongle Emperor returned from his hunt, one of the emperor's ministers reported that Gang Bing had had inappropriate relations within the imperial harem. When accused of misconduct, Gang Bing instructed that the emperor's saddle be retrieved and requested that the emperor reach inside the bag under the saddle. Inside the bag, the emperor found Gang Bing's shriveled, blackened genitalia. Deeply impressed, the Yongle Emperor elevated Gang Bing to the rank of chief eunuch, a politically powerful position within the palace; gave him numerous gifts; and proclaimed him holy.

## Memorial

After Gang Bing's death around 1411, the Yongle Emperor had his general and chief eunuch deified as the Patron Saint of Eunuchs. In addition, the emperor assigned a plot of land on the outskirts of Beijing as a cemetery for eunuchs and built an ancestral hall in Gang Bing's honor. In 1530, the ancestral hall was expanded and renamed The Ancestral Hall of the Exalted Brave and Loyal (Huguo Baozhong Si), but the temple was popularly known as the "Eunuch’s Temple". In the early 20th century, the hall was still in use by eunuchs and the temple grounds contained courts and halls. In 1950, after the Communist takeover of China, the Eunuch's Temple was renamed Beijing Municipal Cemetery for Revolutionaries and in 1970 was again renamed Babaoshan National Cemetery for Revolutionaries, the name it bears today.
# Aleksandar Simeonov

Aleksandar Simeonov may refer to:
* Aleksandar Simeonov (bobsleigh) (born 1963), Bulgarian bobsledder
* Aleksandar Simeonov (volleyball) (born 1986), Bulgarian volleyball player
# Alcis rubicunda

Alcis rubicunda is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in Taiwan.
The wingspan is 32–40 mm.
# Ganapati (disambiguation)

Ganesha or Ganapati is the Hindu god of knowledge.
Ganapati, Ganapatti, Ganapathy and Ganapathi may also refer to:
* Bṛhaspati, Hindu Vedic deity and god of planet Jupiter
* Ganapati (novel), a 1920 Telugu novel
* Ganapati (raga), Indian musical raga created by M. Balamuralikrishna
* Ganapathi (actor), Indian actor
* Ganapathy (Maoist), General Secretary of Communist Party of India
* Ganapathy, Coimbatore, a suburb in the city of Coimbatore
* Ganapati (Kakatiya dynasty), a 13th century ruler of southern India
# Gangōji Garan Engi

Gangōji Garan Engi Narabi ni Ruki Shizaichō (元興寺伽藍縁起并流記資財帳, "Origins of the Gangōji Monastery and Its Assets"), often abbreviated to Gangōji Garan Engi, is a Japanese Buddhist text. It is one volume in length and was compiled by an unnamed Buddhist monk in 747.

## Contents

The text is made up of four major sections. The first relates the early history of Japanese Buddhism. It states that in 538 King Seong of Baekje introduced Buddhism to Japan. It tells of a struggle between pro-Buddhist Soga no Iname and an anti-Buddhist faction. This is followed by the construction of several temples, including Gangō-ji from which the text takes its title.
The second and third sections reproduce the Asuka period stone inscriptions found on the tower finial as well as those found on a Buddhist statue.
The final section is a list of the temple assets. This includes population, rice paddies, and wells.

## Importance

The text is a primary source for early Buddhist history in Japan. Particularly well known is that the date given for the introduction of Buddhism from Baekje, 538, differs from that given in the Nihon Shoki, 552. In addition, the reproduction of the stone inscriptions are considered valuable resource for the study of Old Japanese.
# William Lanteau

William Lanteau (born William Lanctot) (November 12, 1922 – November 3, 1993) was an American character actor. Among his best known roles are Charlie the mail carrier in On Golden Pond and mayor Chester Wanamaker in Newhart.

## Life and career

Lanteau was born in St. Johnsbury, Vermont. During WWII he was in the Army. His first television appearance was in 1954 in an episode of Goodyear Television Playhouse. He appeared in over 80 television shows, among them The Donna Reed Show, The Ghost & Mrs. Muir, The Andy Griffith Show, Here's Lucy, Wonder Woman, No Soap, Radio, Centennial and Amen. He appeared in the first season of Barnaby Jones in an episode titled "To Denise, with Love and Murder" (April 22, 1973). He also appeared in the movies Li'l Abner (1959), The Honeymoon Machine (1961), Sex and the Single Girl (1964), Hotel (1967), From Noon till Three (1976), On Golden Pond (1981), Cold Steel (1987), and Shadow of a Doubt (1991).Other notable appearances on television included The Twilight Zone , Dr. Kildare, Perry Mason, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Waltons, CHiPs, Trapper John, M.D., Diff'rent Strokes, Hart to Hart, Cagney & Lacey, Cheers, Murder, She Wrote, The Wonder Years, Newhart, Amen, and Coach

## Death

He died of complications from heart surgery on November 3, 1993, at age 70.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1959 | Li'l Abner | Available Jones | |
| 1960 | The Facts of Life | Airline Clerk | |
| 1961 | The Honeymoon Machine | Tommy Dane | |
| 1962 | That Touch of Mink | Leonard | Uncredited |
| 1964 | Sex and the Single Girl | Sylvester | |
| 1967 | Hotel | Mason | |
| 1976 | From Noon till Three | Reverend Cabot | |
| 1981 | On Golden Pond | Charlie Martin | |
| 1987 | Cold Steel | Sam Modine | |
# TRADD

Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRADD gene.
TRADD is an adaptor protein.

## Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a death domain containing adaptor molecule that interacts with TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and mediates programmed cell death signaling and NF-κB activation. This protein binds adaptor protein TRAF2, reduces the recruitment of inhibitor-of-apoptosis proteins (IAPs) by TRAF2, and thus suppresses TRAF2 mediated apoptosis. This protein can also interact with receptor TNFRSF6/FAS and adaptor protein FADD/MORT1, and is involved in the Fas-induced cell death pathway.

## Interactions

TRADD has been shown to interact with:
* FADD,
* Keratin 18
* RIPK1,
* STAT1,
* TNFRSF1A,
* TNFRSF25, and
* TRAF2.
# TRADEX

TRADEX can refer to:
* Tradex Technologies, as a former software brand (uppercase form) or a short name for the former company (lowercase form)
* Fraser Valley Trade and Exhibition Centre, as an alternate name for the venue (uppercase form)
* The TRADEX radar is a tracking station on Roi-Namur island in the north part of the Kwajalein atoll in the Marshall Islands
# TRACER (cosmic ray detector)

Transition Radiation Array for Cosmic Energetic Radiation (TRACER) is a balloon flown cosmic ray detector built and designed at the University of Chicago. The detector is designed to measure the energy spectra of cosmic ray nuclei with atomic numbers between five and twenty-six (boron to iron).
# Vancouver Fashion Week

Vancouver Fashion Week (VFW) is a fashion week in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada that is currently run by Jamal Abdourahman. The event is seven days long each season and held twice a year. Vancouver Fashion Week was established in 2001.
Since 2014, the Nancy Mak Award has been presented at Vancouver Fashion Week, a scholarship recognising up-and-coming British Columbia based designers that have a "strong creative vision", a solid business plan, and a desire to expand either their design knowledge or brand’s reach. Awarded once a year, the scholarship is named in honour of Nancy Mak, an active member of the fashion industry and a major supporter of Vancouver Fashion Week during her life.
Vancouver Kids Fashion Week (VKFW) was established in September 2016. The two-day event takes place during Vancouver Fashion Week. VKFW has partnered with BC Children’s Hospital Foundation (BCCHF) donating a portion of ticket sales to the Foundation.
Global Fashion Collective (GFC), an expansion of Vancouver Fashion Week, is a platform specialising in supporting creative designers by establishing their presence around the world. Launched in October 2017.
Since 2018, Vancouver Fashion Week has been producing a digital magazine Micro Macro Magazine, a contemporary design and culture platform.
# Ajjappanahalli, Chitradurga

Ajjappanahalli, Chitradurga is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Chitradurga taluk of Chitradurga district in Karnataka.
# William Leslie Hooper

William Leslie Hooper (August 2, 1855 – October 3, 1918) was the acting president of Tufts College (later Tufts University) from 1912 to 1914, between the terms of the fourth and fifth elected presidents.

## Early life and education

Hooper was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1855. He received a bachelor of arts degree from Tufts in 1877, and a master of arts degree from Tufts in 1878. He also received an honorary Ph.D. in 1898 and an LL.D. in 1915, both from Tufts. Hooper was instructor of Mathematics and Applied Physics at the Bromfield School and became its principal in 1880. While at Tufts, Hooper was initiated into Theta Delta Chi.

## Career

Hooper became assistant professor of physics at Tufts in 1883, and then professor of electrical engineering in 1890. In 1902, Hooper published "Electrical Problems" upon which he based many lectures, as described by Vannevar Bush.
Following the resignation of Frederick W. Hamilton, Hooper was made acting president in 1912, having been commended by the Trustees for his contributions to the engineering department and his successful fundraising abilities. He served in this role through the end of 1914 until Hermon Carey Bumpus took office, at which point he returned to the department of electrical engineering.
Hooper built a residence at 124 Professors Row in 1892, known today as Hooper House, which currently houses the University Health Services. Additionally, the home of the department of electrical engineering was dedicated as the Hooper Laboratories for Electrical Engineering on June 5, 1940, and held that name until 1983, when it was rededicated as Halligan Hall.
Hooper built by hand a cottage on an island in Brompton Lake, Quebec, about which he wrote several poems. Hooper's poem "A Legend of Outunwitti" helped scholars study indigenous oral tradition and Brompton Lake geographical place name origins.
# Aksara Records

Aksara Records was a Jakarta-based independent record label concentrated on indie music, founded in 2004 by Hanindhito Siddharta and David Tarigan. The variety of music carried by artists under the Aksara Records label is centered on music such as genres that are rarely known in Indonesia, such as pop, rock, indie pop, and electronica. Its logo was a cartooned crow holding a beamed notes in its mouth. The label name came from Indonesian word "aksara" which in English means "alphabet".
In early 2009, a few days after Aksara Records released Efek Rumah Kaca's second album Kamar Gelap, Aksara Records experienced financial problems until finally, the company stopped operating in December 2009. All the remaining masters in the label were given to the artists. Aksara Records is one of the largest independent music label in Indonesia.
One of the co-owners of Aksara Records, opened another independent label called Raksasa Records.

## Background

According to The Jakarta Post after an interview with David Tarigan, Aksara Records started with its efforts to document the development of indie music in Jakarta. From here this record label developed so that now it has established relationships with many local and foreign artists. Aksara Records' first release was the compilation album JKT: SKRG in 2004 which featured 12 indie music groups from Jakarta, such as Sore, C'mon Lennon, The Upstairs. The album eventually began distribution in Seattle where grunge music was very popular, and was also broadcast on several university radio stations there. The album then began to penetrate indie record stores in Canada and the United Kingdom, where Aksara Records has established its own indie music distribution network.
The company's first achievement came when Tarigan was asked by Nia Dinata, producer of the film Janji Joni to compose the theme song for the teen comedy movie. With the publicity that followed the film Janji Joni, the album eventually became a smash hit. According to Tarigan, the success of the theme song Janji Joni is also an indication that materially, independent record labels like Aksara can compete with bigger record labels.

## Artists

* The Adams
* Ardhito Pramono
* Bilal Indrajaya
* The Brandals
* Efek Rumah Kaca
* Goodnight Electric
* Meda Kawu
* Sore
* Stereomantic
* Superglad
* Tika & The Dissident
* Velo Band
* VOX
* White Shoes & The Couples Company
# Aksaray, Fatih

Aksaray (literally "White Palace" in Turkish) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Fatih, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 8,541 (2022). It is so named because it was founded by migrants from Aksaray in central Turkey, brought here in the 15th century by Mehmet II to repopulate the city after its conquest.
Aksaray is a mainly modern neighbourhood centred on a busy square. It was historically known as Bóos, (Latin: Forum Bovis, Greek: ὁ Bοῦς, romanized: o Bous), It has a large population of migrants from the southeast of the country and many restaurants serve the cuisine of Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır and Hatay. More recently it has also acquired a large population of Syrian refugees who have introduced their own cuisine to the mix. There are many shops and hotels here.
To the east, Aksaray borders the textile-retailing neighbourhood of Laleli while to the west, along Millet Caddesi, lies Çapa. To the south is Yenikapı and to the north Fatih. Busy Vatan Caddesi (AKA Adnan Menderes Bulvarı) runs northwest from Aksaray towards the City Walls, following the route of the lost Lycos river.

## Attractions

The Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Mosque stands by the busy road junction near Aksaray tram stop. Squeezed in between Aksaray and Yusufpaşa is the smaller, older and much less conspicuous Murad Pasha Mosque, built in 1473 in the early Ottoman architectural style perfected in Bursa.
On Aksaray Square the wooden Hindiler (Horhor) Tekkesi has been rebuilt behind an austere stone fountain. The small Camcılar (Glaziers) Mosque is also being rebuilt on the edge of the square.
A little way along Vatan Caddesi stands the Fenari İsa Mosque which started life as the early 10th-century Byzantine Church of Constantine Lips. Facing it across the road is the Yavuz Sultan Selim Medrese, a work of Mimar Sinan dating from 1549 now used as a clinic. Nearby is the tomb of one of Sultan Selim I's daughters, Şah-ı Huban, partially hidden by a stone schoolhouse. It, too, was designed by Mimar Sinan.

## Transport

Aksaray is the starting point for the M1 line which runs to the Atatürk International Airport, now no longer in use for passenger aircraft. The Otogar stop on the line serves the large inter-city bus terminus at Esenler.
Aksaray is also served by the T1 tram line.

## Hub for sex trafficking

Aksaray is said to be a hub for the sex trafficking of young women from Romania, Moldova and Ukraine. Some reports in the Turkish media have claimed that the neighbourhood is especially prone to prostitution because it is a "no man's land" between two adjoining police jurisdictions, Fatih and Eminönü.
# Aksaray (disambiguation)

Aksaray (variants Aksarai, Aqsaray, Aqsarai, Ak-Sarai, Aq-Saray etc.) or Ak Saray, meaning "white palace" in several Turkic languages, may refer to:

## Places

* Aksaray, a city in Aksaray Province, Turkey
* Aksaray Province, a province or “il” in Turkish, of Turkey, named after the above city, of which it is the capital
* Aksaray, Istanbul, a neighborhood of Istanbul
* Ak Saray, newly constructed official residence of the President of Turkey in Ankara, Turkey

## Personal names

* Aqsara'i (died 1379), Persian physician
# Stuart Townend

Stuart Townend may refer to:
* Stuart Townend (headmaster) (1909–2002), British athlete, soldier and school headmaster
* Stuart Townend (musician) (born 1963), English hymnwriter and worship leader
# Ganja Law

The Ganja Law, or Dangerous Drugs (Amendment) Act 2015, was passed by Jamaica's Houses of Parliament in February 2015. The law went into effect on April 15, 2015, making possession of two ounces (57g) or less of cannabis a "non-arrestable, ticketable offence, that attracts no criminal record". Jis.gov claims "It also puts in place, regulations for marijuana use by persons of the Rastafarian faith and for medical, therapeutic and scientific purposes, including development of a legal industry for industrial hemp and medical marijuana." Earlier revisions of the laws were critiqued for being unduly harsh on citizens. A 1913 law passed to conform to the International Opium Convention unilaterally added cannabis, and was seen as "fear of the black population". For instance, the 1964 ganja law was considered to be punitive towards poor people, as were the 1963 and 1965 laws regarding flogging.
# Battle of Villafranca

Battle of Villafranca may refer to:
* Battle of Villafranca (1744), during the War of the Austrian Succession
* Battle of Villafranca (1809), during the Peninsular War
# Manning, Oregon

Manning is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Oregon, United States on the Sunset Highway (U.S. Route 26/Oregon Route 47). The Banks–Vernonia State Trail, a rail trail conversion, passes through Manning. The NorthWest POINT offers twice-daily roundtrip intercity bus service between Portland and Astoria with a flag stop in Manning.

## History

Manning was named for Martin Manning, who took up a land claim there in 1865. Manning post office was established in 1890. In 1954, the community joined with neighboring Buxton and Banks to form the Tri-City Rural Fire Protection District (now Banks Fire District). The Manning school, part of the Banks School District, closed in 1987.

## Notable people

* Hollie Pihl
# Avdancık

Avdancık can refer to:
* Avdancık, Bucak
* Avdancık, Osmangazi
# Tashan, Bahrain

Tashan (Arabic:طشان) is a village located in the Kingdom of Bahrain, on the western outskirts of the capital city Manama. It is a village adjacent to Bilad Al Qadeem but significantly smaller.

## History

Tashan is situated 'constituency one' in the Northern Governorate administrative region. The constituency is also the largest constituency in the country, with more than 17,000 voters. In the 2010 Bahraini parliamentary elections, the constituency's seat in parliament was won by Matar Matar from Al Wefaq National Islamic Society, after obtaining a landslide victory of 85.7%. The seat was vacated after Matar resigned as part of an en-masse resignation by 18 Al Wefaq MPs during the Arab Spring uprising in February 2011, in protest of an earlier crackdown on protesters. By-elections were held for the seats were held on 24 September later that year, with independent Ali Hassan Ali winning constituency one's seat.
The village was hit economically by the unrest, with traders reporting in March 2011 that there was a low turnout of customers.