OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ministry of Justice (Kuwait)

The Kuwaiti Ministry of Justice is the ministry responsible for judicial, legal, financial, and administrative affairs. It was established by a decree issued by Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah on 16 February 1978. The current minister is Abdulaziz Majid Al-Majid.

## Ministry tasks

The ministry is responsible for all of the following:
* Adhering to and maintaining the rules of procedure that govern both civil and criminal courts
* Investigating and prosecuting crime in accordance with the provisions of law; responsibilities extend to both serious crimes and misdemeanor
* Supervising prisons
* Providing technical expertise to parties and other government departments
* Enforcing judicial documents and lawsuit declarations
* Executing sentences and executive bonds, including accepting, depositing, and disbursing the relevant sums, in accordance with the provisions of law.
The Ministry of Justice of Kuwait is also responsible for the following, which must be enacted in accordance with the provisions of law:
* Registration, authentication, and certification of properties
* Maintenance of commercial books
* Protection/guarding of minors and other vulnerable populations
* Tracking inventory of the legacies of unknown persons or persons whose heirs are not known
* Wherever necessary, keeping such legacies transferred from government agencies and handing them over to the beneficiaries in accordance with the rules in force
* Cooperating with other Arab and Islamic countries and organizations in the legal and judicial fields.

## List of ministers

* Abdallah al-Muffaraj (1978-1981)
* Salman al-Duayi Al Sabah (1982-1985) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Sa'ud Muhammed al-'Usaymi (1986) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Dhari Abdallah Uthman (1987-1991) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Ghazi Ubayd al-Samar (1992) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Mishari al-Jasim al-Anjari (1993-1996) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Muhammed Dayfallah al-Sharar (1997-1998) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Ahmad Khalid Kulayb (1999) [referred to as the Minister of Justice, Legal & Administrative Affairs]
* Saad Jasim Yusif al-Hashil (2000-2001)
* Ahmad Yaqub Baqir (2002-2005)
* Abdullah al Matouq (2006-2007)
* Hussein Nasser Al-Huraiti (2008-2009)
* Rashed Abdul Mohsen al-Hammaad (2009-2010)
* Ahmad Abdulmohsen al-Mulaifi (2011-2014)
* Nayef Al Ajmi (2014)
* Yaqoub Al-Sane (2014-2016)
* Fahad Mohammed Mohsen Al-Afasi(2017-2020)
* Nawaf Al-Yassin(2020-2021)
* Abdullah Youssef Abdurrahman Al-Roumi(2020-2021)
* Jamal Hadhel Al-Jalwai(2021-2022)
* Abdulaziz Majid Al-Majid (2022–2023)
* Amer Mohammad Ali Mohammad (2023-2023)
* Faleh Abdullah Eid Faleh Al-Roqba (2023-2023)
* Faisal Saeed Al-Ghareeb (2024-2024)
* Mohammad Ibrahim Al-Wasmi (2024-present)
# Myloplus lucienae

Myloplus lucienae is a medium to large omnivorous fish of the family Serrasalmidae from Brazil. It and can grow to a length of 33.8 cm (13.3 in).

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of Luciene Maria Kassar Borges, in recognition for her attempt in a 1986 Ph.D. dissertation to organize the knowledge of the herbivorous Serrasalmidae from the Rio Negro basin.
# By Now (song)

"By Now" is a song by Canadian pop rock band Marianas Trench. It was first released on November 8, 2011, as a promotional single for a free download to people who pre-ordered the Deluxe Edition of Ever After on iTunes. The song was serviced to contemporary hit radio on June 10, 2013 as the fifth and final single.

## Background and composition

"By Now" was written and produced by Josh Ramsay. The song has been described as a power ballad track.

## Music video

A teaser for "By Now" was released in June 12, 2013. The official music video premiered on August 1, 2013 via MuchMusic. The video ends the story of Ever After, tying all of the videos for "Haven't Had Enough", "Fallout", "Desperate Measures", and "Stutter" together. The video portrays Josh Ramsay getting caught up in his love for the leading female, Darla Taylor, and getting lost in the world of sex, drugs, alcohol, and stealing money from the rest of the band. The video also includes scenes of car chases, fighting, and murder. The video was directed by Kyle Davison.

## Chart performance

"By Now" debuted and peaked at number 50 on the Canadian Hot 100 on the week of November 26, 2011, before it was officially released as a single on June 10, 2013, and spent 17 weeks on the chart. The song was certified gold by Music Canada in April 2014.

## Charts

Chart performance for "By Now" :
| Chart (2011–13) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 50 |
| Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard) | 26 |
| Canada Hot AC (Billboard) | 14 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| Various | November 8, 2011 | Digital download | 604 Records | |
| Canada | June 10, 2013 | Contemporary hit radio | 604 Records | |
# Bodyjar (album)

Bodyjar is the sixth studio album by Australian punk rockers, Bodyjar, which was released on 12 September 2005. It is the first album with their new drummer, Shane Wakker, and was issued via independent label, Shock Records, following their tenure with EMI/Capitol. It peaked at No. 47 on the ARIA Albums Chart.
The band describe the album "as the result of a long and kinda painful process, one of losing your drummer, record label and leaving your management for no other reason than needing to feel like a real band again." Charlotte Dillon of AllMusic observed "[it] further showcased their innate sense of melody amid an otherwise crunchy, guitar-driven sound."

## Track listing

* "Another Minute" – 3:16
* "Lights Out" – 3:20
* "Call to Arms" – 2:58
* "Outside In" – 2:55
* "Life Story" – 3:29
* "Same Problem" – 3:47
* "Blind Dog" – 2:41
* "She Doesn't Notice" – 3:48
* "Picture" – 3:20
* "Starting Over" – 3:09
* "Descendant" – 3:52
* "One More Chance" – 2:43
* "New Direction" – 4:20

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 47 |
# Edward Salisbury Field

Edward Salisbury Field Jr. (February 28, 1878 – September 20, 1936) was an American author, playwright, artist, poet, and journalist.

## Biography

He was born on February 28, 1878, in Indianapolis, Indiana, to Edward Salisbury and Sarah Mills Hubbard Field. He was the husband of Isobel Osbourne (the step-daughter of Robert Louis Stevenson) and he was step-father of playwright Austin Strong (Isobel's son from a former marriage).
Field was an employee and friend of William Randolf Hearst where he made drawings for Hearst newspapers, signing his drawings with the nom de plume Childe Harold. As a young news man in his 20s, Field became the secretary, protégé, and possibly lover of Fanny Stevenson (who was 38 years older), after the death of her husband Robert Louis Stevenson. After Fanny's death in 1914, Field married her daughter, Isobel Osbourne, who was 20 years his senior. Field became a successful Southern California real estate developer. In the 1920s, oil was discovered on some of his property which made them wealthy.
In 1926, Field purchased Zaca Lake and surrounding land on Figueroa Mountain near Los Olivos, California. His wife, Isobel, built an artists studio there, and the Field home became a popular meeting place for writers and actors.
Field's best known works were the film scripts for Wedding Bells (based on his play of the same name) and Twin Beds (based on his 1913 screwball comedy novel and its stage adaptation). Twin Beds was filmed four times: as Twin Beds in 1920 starring Carter and Flora Parker DeHaven; Twin Beds in 1929 starring Jack Mulhall; as The Life of the Party in 1934; and as Twin Beds in 1942 with George Brent and Joan Bennett.
Field died September 20, 1936, at Zaca Lake, of an apparent heart attack while taking a nap. He was 58 years old.
# Mabad al-Khuzaah

Mabad al-Khuzaah was a companion of Muhammad who helped him during the Invasion of Hamra al-Asad at Tihamah, in which Mabad pledged not to conceal anything from him. Mabad was then sent to Mecca to spread false information. In Mecca, Mabad met with Abu Sufyan and spread disinformation that Muhammad had gathered a great force to fight Abu Sufyan. Abu Sufyan and his companions were planning a massive and decisive attack on Medina to finish off the Muslims once and for all. Hearing Mabad's talk of the great military strength of Muhammad, Abu Sufyan retreated from his plan of an immediate attack on the Muslims. In this fashion Muhammad successfully managed to prevent the massive onslaught the Meccans were planning.
He was trusted by both Muslims and Arab polytheists at the time according to the Muslim scholar Tabari.
# Thomas Grimshaw

Thomas Grimshaw may refer to:
* Thomas Shuttleworth Grimshawe (1778–1850), English biographer and Anglican priest
* Thomas Wrigley Grimshaw (1839–1900), Irish physician, surgeon and statistician
# Morgan McKinley

Morgan McKinley is a global professional services recruitment consultancy. Founded in 1988, the company is located in key financial centers, with offices in the U.K, Australia, China, Hong Kong, Canada, Singapore, Ireland and Japan. The company's global head office is located in Cork, Ireland.

## History

Morgan McKinley was founded in the UK in 1995 as a banking & financial services recruitment consultancy. In 2008 The Premier Group, a recruitment company founded in Ireland in 1988, acquired the business for €60 million and rebranded all of its Irish and international recruitment operations Morgan McKinley.
In 2009 Irish Taoiseach Enda Kenny opened Morgan McKinley’s Shanghai office. The company currently has offices in 19 locations in Europe, the Middle East, Asia-Pacific and India.

## Recognition

Morgan McKinley’s market research and statistics are sometimes quoted in the media. In particular, the Employment Monitor has been quoted in Bloomberg, The Irish Independent, BBC News, and Gulf Business. Morgan McKinley’s employment and salary surveys are also reported in global and local business media.

## Publications

The company publishes the London Employment Monitor which is used as an indicator of the jobs market in the City of London. The company also publishes the Irish Employment Monitor which tracks employment trends in the Republic of Ireland.
# Emmanuel Akwetey

Emmanuel Akwetey is a Ghanaian political and governance analyst. He is the Executive Director for the Institute for Democratic Governance (IDEG).
Akwetey is one of the 13 Advisory Board members of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration.

## Early life and education

Akwetey was born in Accra, Ghana. He started his secondary education at Labone Senior High School but completed in Accra Academy. In 1979, he gained admission into the University of Ghana, Legon, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy and Literature. He obtained a doctorate degree in International Politics and Development at the University of Stockholm, Sweden.

## Career

Akwetey was a lecturer at the University of Stockholm, Sweden. He founded the Institute of Democratic Governance (IDEG) in 2000 and he is the Executive Director.
In February 2015, Akwetey received the US Embassy Martin Luther King Jr. Award for Peace and Social Justice.
# Ida Salden

Ida Salden (born in 1878 in Altona – 20th century) was a German operatic soprano

## Life

Ida Salden completed her vocal training at the Stern Conservatory in Berlin and with Selma Nicklass-Kempner and started her stage career in 1900 at the Hamburger Stadttheater. She stayed there under contract until 1906. In a review from 1903, it was said, among other things: "The so talented young artist sang [...] with a warm cordiality [...] We are pleased to note that Miss Salden has proved herself so excellently as a youthful dramatic singer as well as a soubrette. In 1904, she took part in the first performance of Siegfried Wagner's Der Kobold.
After her time in Hamburg she changed to the Staatstheater Darmstadt and in 1909 to the Opernhaus Düsseldorf. There, she also sang at the first performance of a work, namely as Marga in Henri Alfred Kaiser's Stella maris.
From 1911 to 1913, Salden worked in Berlin at the Deutsches Künstlertheater [de], where she sang as Maliella in Wolf-Ferrari's I gioielli della Madonna. After the engagement in Berlin she moved back to Hamburg and made guest appearances there.
Salden sang Ortlinde in the Bayreuth festival in 1906, 1908 and 1909 in Wagner's Die Walküre; she also appeared there as the solo flower in Parsifal and in 1906 she was also the second squire in the same opera. In 1906 and 1907, she appeared at the Mannheim Hoftheater, In 1908 she made guest appearances at the Hoftheater in Karlsruhe, in 1909 at the Oper Frankfurt, in 1910 in Amsterdam and in 1911 in Hanover.
Among the roles in which she appeared were Pamina in Mozart's the Magic Flute, Elisabeth in Tannhäuser, Elsa in Lohengrin, Sieglinde in the Walküre, Gutrune in Götterdämmerung, Cio-Cio-San in Madama Butterfly, in Gounod's Faust, Martha in Tiefland and Blanchefleur in Wilhelm Kienzl's Der Kuhreigen.
According to some sources, she may have died in Hamburg in the 1920s. Various recordings exist of Salden. Newspaper clippings can be found in the Staatsarchiv der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg [de] under the signature 731-8 A 768.
# Ministry of Justice (Kaduna State)

Ministry of Justice is the state government ministry of Kaduna State, it is concerned with judicial and prosecutorial activities within the state. The Ministry of Justice control the courts system and the prosecuting offices. Aisha Dikko is the Attorney General.

## Responsibilities

The Ministry of Justice has the responsibilities on legislative initiatives and their presentation of Knesset and its committees., the ministry works with security department to make sure law and order is maintained to also controls administration of justice in the state.
# Myloplus ternetzi

Myloplus ternetzi is a medium to large omnivorous fish of the family Serrasalmidae from South America, where found in the east and the northeastern Guiana Shield rivers. It and can grow to a length of 23.1 cm (9.1 in).

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of ichthyologist and naturalist Carl Ternetz (1870-1928), who made extensive collections of fish in French Guiana for the British Museum.
# By Now

"By Now" is a song written by Dean Dillon, Don Pfrimmer and Charles Quillen, and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in April 1981 as the second single from the album Steve Wariner. The song reached number 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1981) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 6 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 50 |
# Bodymind (in meditation traditions)

Bodymind is a compound of body and mind and may be used differently in different meditation traditions. These different understandings often inform each other. The Buddhist philosopher, Herbert V. Günther, has stated:
   What we call 'body' and 'mind' are mere abstractions from an identity experience that cannot be reduced to the one or the other abstraction, nor can it be hypostatized into some sort of thing without falsifying its very being.
Modern Western cultures inherited the concept of Cartesian dualism which isn't evident in many other cultures. As a result of multiculturalism and globalization, the bodymind philosophies found in other cultures, such as in Navajo and Tibetan societies, have been integrated into the bodymind concept adopted by the Western New Age movement.

## Vajrayana and Zen Buddhism

In Vajrayana, Mahayana, Theravada and Zen Buddhism the concept of bodymind, or namarupa, is key. In Vajrayana, namarupa is informed by the related doctrines of heartmind and Yogachara's mindstream. Within these traditions, Bodymind is held as a continuüm and field phenomenon. Arpaia and Rapgay discuss the connection of mindbody in the eighth chapter of their book, Tibetan Wisdom for Modern Life , entitled "Health: strengthening the mind-body connection".
David E. Shaner, PhD, coined the compound term "bodymind" in his thesis work at the University of Hawai'i, "The Bodymind Experience in Japanese Buddhism", which he defended in 1979 and published in 1985. Shaner translated the term 心身統一合氣道, Shinshintouitsu Aikidō.
# Edward Gay

Edward Gay may refer to:
* Edward Gay (artist), (1837–1928), Irish-born landscape painter
* Edward J. Gay (politician, born 1816), U.S. Representative from Louisiana
* Edward J. Gay (politician, born 1878), U.S. Senator from Louisiana; grandson of the elder E. J. Gay
* Edward Gay, prisoner on the ship St. Michael of Scarborough
# Harris Point

Harris Point (81°35′S 161°32′E﻿ / ﻿81.583°S 161.533°E﻿ / -81.583; 161.533) is a rocky coastal point along the west side of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Located 6 nautical miles (11 km) south of Young Head at the south side of Beaumont Bay, it was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Herman D. Harris, a chief hospital corpsman with U.S. Navy Squadron VX-6. Harris built a sick bay at South Pole Station during U.S. Navy Operation Deep Freeze 1961.
# Thomas Griselle

Thomas Griselle (1891–1955) was an American composer who wrote much chamber music. His Two American Sketches for piano won a $10,000 prize from the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1928.
In later life he worked in Hollywood as an orchestra leader and musician. Despondent over his separation from his wife, he committed suicide in 1955. He willed his body to the school of medicine at the University of Southern California.
# Mahendra Majhi

Mahendra Majhi (1920–1971) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India as a member of the Swatantra Party.
# Ministry of Justice (Kiribati)

Established in 2016, the Ministry of Justice of Kiribati is responsible for the administration of law and justice, service-related policies, prisons and the probationary system, legal aid and human rights, civil registration, elections, citizenship, customs services, and law reform. Additionally, the ministry has oversight over the Office of the Attorney General and Judiciary.

## List of ministers

* Natan Teewe Brechtefeld (2016–2019), resigned
* James Taom (November 2019–2020)
* Tarakabu Tofinga (16 July 2020)
# History of America

History of America may refer to:
* The History of the United States
* The History of the Americas
* The European colonization of the Americas
# Bodymoor Heath

Bodymoor Heath is a small village in the North Warwickshire district of the county of Warwickshire in England, situated on, and with a bridge over, the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal close to the much larger village of Kingsbury.

## History

Bodymoor Heath was originally a separate village but later became inclosed as a part of the parish of Kingsbury. Bodymoor Heath was the centre of a High Court of Chancery case of Barker v. Barker where it was held that the husband of a daughter who had inherited her father's lands in Bodymoor Heath, was not entitled to any dividend just through curtesy. The village later came into the ownership of the twice Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel along with the surrounding Kingsbury parish. The village is located near the planned route of the High Speed 2 railway line. The route passes through the Bodymoor Heath Training Ground, which necessitated Aston Villa to relocate a number of their facilities and pitches away from the planned route. Bodymoor Heath has a pub. The pub is called the Dog and Doublet. It was constructed in 1786 but did not become a pub until 1835. The pub was granted grade II listed status in 1981 by English Heritage. It also has a grade II listed bridge.

## Aston Villa

Bodymoor Heath is also the home of Aston Villa Football Club's Bodymoor Heath Training Ground. The land it was built on was purchased in the 1970s by Aston Villa's chairman Doug Ellis from a local farmer. It was redeveloped in the 1990s after criticism of under-investment by the Villa manager John Gregory.
# Canton of Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle

The canton of Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle is an administrative division of the Loiret department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle.
It consists of the following communes:
* La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin
* Ingré
* Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle
# MICC

MICC may refer to:
* Military-industrial-congressional complex
* Millicom International Cellular S.A., which trades on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol 'MICC'.
* Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable
* Manchester International Conference Centre, a conference centre in Manchester, England.
* McNeil Island Corrections Center, a former prison
* Ministry of Immigration and Cultural Communities (Quebec)
# Bethlehem, Groningen

Bethlehem is a hamlet just west of the village of Rottum, in the Dutch province of Groningen. Since 2019, it is part of the municipality of Het Hogeland.
Bethlehem is built at the location of a Benedictine nunnery. Together with the St. Juliana's Abbey a small distance to the north, the nunnery was mentioned in 1291 as the Conventus St. Juliane in Rotthem. The church of the abbey was broken down in 1658, and nothing of the abbey remains nowadays.
53°23′0″N 6°36′35″E﻿ / ﻿53.38333°N 6.60972°E﻿ / 53.38333; 6.60972
# Montjoie

Montjoie may refer to:

## Places
### France

* Montjoie-le-Château, a commune in Doubs
* Montjoie-Saint-Martin, a commune in Manche
* Montjoie-en-Couserans, a commune in Ariège
* Saint-Michel-de-Montjoie, a commune in Manche
* Les Contamines-Montjoie, a commune in Haute-Savoie

### Germany

* Montjoie, alternate name for Monschau (North Rhine-Westphalia)

### Palestine

* Montjoie, the mountain of Nabi Samwil from which the Crusaders first could see Jerusalem

## Other

* Order of Montjoie, a military order during the Crusades.
* Montjoie, a French battle standard known as an oriflamme.
* Montjoie Saint Denis!, the motto of the Kingdom of France
* Montjoie!, a historical French cultural magazine edited by Ricciotto Canudo et al.
# List of postage stamps of Pakistan from 2007 to 2016

This is a list of commemorative stamps issued by Pakistan Post between the years 2007 and 2016.
* 1947 to 1966
* 1977 to 1986
* 1977 to 1986
* 1987 to 1996
* 1997 to 2006
* 2007 to 2016
* 2017 to present

## 2007

In 2007 the post office issued 9 commemorative stamps.
* Platinum Jubilee Celebration of K.M.C. Building, Karachi 1932–2007, 1 stamp, ₨ 10, 16 January 2007
* Golden Jubilee of Cadet College Petaro, 1 stamp, ₨ 10, 28 February 2007
* International Women's Day, 1 stamp, ₨ 10, 8 March 2007
* Hugh Catchpole (educationist), 1 stamp, ₨ 10, 26 May 2007
* New Vision of Pakistan Post, 1 stamp, ₨ 4, 7 June 2007
* Pakistan Air Force – Defense Day, 1 stamp, ₨ 5, 6 September 2007
* First Anniversary of 3rd Meeting of the ECO Postal Authorities, 1 stamp, ₨ 5, 22 September 2007
* Completion of 5 Year Term of National Assembly of Pakistan, 1 stamp ₨ 15, 15 November 2007
* Centenary Celebration of Catholic Cathedral Church, Lahore, 1 stamp, ₨ 5, 19 November 2007

## 2008

As per Siddiqui Stamps Catalogue 2014 Edition in 2008 Pakistan Post Office issued 6 Stamps and 3 Souvenir Sheets on 5 occasions.
* 3rd Anniversary of Earthquake – 8 October
* United Nations Human Rights Award 2008 For Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto – 10 December