OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Customary land

Customary land is land held under customary land tenure and the enjoyment of some use of land that arises through customary, unwritten practice rather than through written codified law. It is the tenure usually associated with indigenous communities and administered in accordance with their customs, as opposed to statutory tenure usually introduced during the colonial period.
Since the late 20th century, statutory recognition and protection of indigenous and community land rights continues to be a major challenge. The gap between formally recognized and customarily held and managed land is a significant source of underdevelopment, conflict, and environmental degradation.
In many countries, most land is held under customary tenure, including 90% in Africa.
In the Malawi Land Act of 1965, "Customary Land" is defined as "all land which is held, occupied or used under customary law, but does not include any public land".
In most countries of the Pacific islands, customary land remains the dominant land tenure form. Distinct customary systems of tenure have evolved on different islands and areas within the Pacific region. In any country there may be many different types of customary tenure. The amount of customary land ownership out of the total land area of Pacific island nations is the following: 97% in Papua New Guinea, 98% in Vanuatu, 88% in Fiji, 87% in the Solomon Islands, and 81% in Samoa.
# Martin Suchánek

Martin Suchánek is a film director, photographer and screenwriter. He was born in 1958 in Mariánské Lázně, Czech Republic and studied at the Evening University of Photography, with Prof. Ján Šmok, in Prague from 1976-1977 and at the Film and TV School of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague Section of Documentary Film from 1978–1983.
# Martin Sullivan

Martin Sullivan may refer to:
* Marty Sullivan (1862–1894), Major League Baseball outfielder
* Martin Sullivan (priest) (1910–1980), Anglican Dean of St Paul's
* Martin E. Sullivan (1944–2014), National Portrait Gallery director and former chairman of the U.S. President's Advisory Committee on Cultural Property
* Martin J. Sullivan (born 1955), former CEO of American International Group
# Anglican Bishop of Bunbury

The Bishop of Bunbury is the diocesan bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Bunbury, Australia.

## List of Bishops of Bunbury

Bishops of Bunbury :
| No | From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1 | 1904 | 1917 | Frederick Goldsmith | Previously Dean of Perth; resigned and returned to England. |
| 2 | 1917 | 1937 | Cecil Wilson | Translated from Melanesia; retired. |
| 3 | 1938 | 1950 | Leslie Knight | Died in office. |
| 4 | 1951 | 1957 | Donald Redding | Returned to parish ministry. |
| 5 | 1957 | 1977 | Ralph Hawkins | Retired. |
| 6 | 1977 | 1983 | Stanley Goldsworthy | Previously Archdeacon of Wangaratta; returned to parish ministry. |
| 7 | 1984 | 2000 | Hamish Jamieson | Translated from Carpentaria. |
| 8 | 2000 | 2010 | David McCall | Translated from Willochra. |
| 9 | 2010 | 2017 | Allan Ewing | Previously an assistant bishop in Canberra and Goulburn. |
| 10 | 2018 | present | Ian Coutts | Installed 3 November 2018. |
# Martin Peudargent

Martin Peudargent (or Peu d'argent, also Martin von Huy; Huy, c. 1510-1570s) was a Flemish composer and chapel master of William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg in Düsseldorf.
Mainly motets survive from Peudargents hand. His motetcollection from 1555 is known as the first music to ever be printed in Düsseldorf. Peudargents musical style is typical for the Flemish school and closely resembles that of composers such as Clemens non Papa, even though Peudargent sticks less to Gregorian modes and strives towards a stronger textual expression.

## Works (selection)

* Sacrarum Cantionum I, 12 motets for 5 voices, J. Bathen, Düsseldorf 1555
* Sacrarum Cantionum II, 14 motets, of which 1 for 6 voices and 13 for 5 voices, J. Bathen, Düsseldorf 1555
* Novi prorsus et elegantis libri musici, in quo continentur partim suavissima ... Moteta ... latinae & gallicae 4-, 5-, 6-voiced Motets, Oridryus & Buysius, Düsseldorf 1561. Aside of works by Peudargent also music by Josquin Baston, Pierre de Manchicourt, Jean de Latre and Clemens non Papa. This publication has disappeared during the Second World War.
* Misit me vivens pater 4 voices, Irrogat omnipotens 6 voices in: Sacrarum Cantionum diversorum autorum III, J. Bathen, Düsseldorf 1556
* Te Deum Patrem, 4 voices, in: Ecclesiasticarum cantionum quatuor vocum II, Susato Antwerpen 1553
# Angostura trifoliata

Angostura trifoliata is a plant native to South America. It is an evergreen, growing 18 to 24 metres (59 to 79 ft) tall. The leaves are composed of three ovoid lanceolate leaflets. The flowers are purplish-white.
Angostura bark is used in the treatment of fevers, where it is believed to be as effective as quinine. It is also used in a number of aromatic bitters, such as Abbott's Bitters and Fever-Tree aromatic tonic water; however, it is not used in Angostura brand bitters, which is instead named after a town in Venezuela, now Ciudad Bolívar. This plant is used to flavor foods like candy and ice cream.
The bark is bruised and used to intoxicate fish.
# Cullingford Field

Cullingford Field (FAA LID: PR24) was an airstrip owned and operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service near Boquerón in the municipality of Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico. Located within the Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge, it was used exclusively by Fish and Wildlife personnel.
Google Earth Historical Imagery (3/27/2004) shows an east-west 1,760 feet (540 m) grass runway with a Quonset hangar midfield. The (10/31/2006) image shows the runway area divided into unfenced plots and being cultivated. By 2009 the runway had been returned to grass and usability. The (10/24/2010) image shows the runway usable, but the hangar being demolished. By (12/3/2011) the hangar is gone and brush is growing on the runway. Current imagery (11/29/2017) shows the airfield returned to nature.
# Mary E. McLeod

Mary E. McLeod is a costume designer. She was nominated for a Genie Award for Best Achievement in Costume Design at the 28th Genie Awards.

## Recognition

* 2008 Genie Award for Best Achievement in Costume Design - Fido - Nominee
* 1984 Genie Award for Best Achievement in Costume Design - A Christmas Story - Nominated
# Mary Johnstone Lynn

Mary Johnston(e) Lynn (9 January 1891 – died after 1959) was an Irish botanist known for her phyto-ecological studies in Northern Ireland.

## Early life and education

Lynn was born at Albany Cottage, Carrickfergus to Henry Lynn and Mary Johnstone Rodgers. She attended Queens University, Belfast for undergraduate and postgraduate studies, earning a bachelor's degree in 1914 and a doctorate in 1937.

## Career

Lynn taught at Queens University, Belfast. In the 1920s and 1930s, she was a senior demonstrator in the botany department. She was an active member of the Belfast Naturalists Field Club and the Botanical Society of Northern Ireland, and studied plant cell biology, including the effect of carbon dioxide and rotation on the curvature of sunflower stems. She published articles in The Irish Naturalists' Journal and The New Phytologist.
In 1934 she was the first to record the alga C. peregrina in Ireland; she also studied the scarcity of Zostera marina in Strangford Lough. James Small thanked her for help in reading the proofs of his A Textbook of Botany (1937). In 1947, she gave a lecture on seaweeds to the Belfast Naturalists Field Club. In 1949, she described "a rare form of Ascophyllum nodosum" she found at Larne Lough. She was publishing her research as late as 1960, when she updated a coastal survey of Larne Lough, and reported on the appearance of Datura stramonium in Ireland.
Algae specimens collected by Lynn were part of the Algal Herbarium at Queens University, Belfast.
# God Speed (album)

God Speed is the 11th album by Masami Okui, released on 24 February 2006.

## Track listing

* Wild Cat
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition: IPPEI
** Arrangement: Nils
* Subliminal
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition, arrangement: Monta
* God Speed
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition: Monta
** Arrangement: Hideyuki Daichi Suzuki
* Mitsu (蜜 -mitsu-)
** DVD Drama RAY theme song
** Lyrics, composition: Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Monta
* Red
** Lyrics, composition: Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Shunsuke Suzuki
* Last Sun
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition, arrangement: Hiroshi Uesugi
* Timeliness
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition: Daiju Takato, Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Daiju Takato
* Paradise Lost
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition, arrangement: Macaroni
* Pride
** Lyrics, composition: Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Monta
* Gift
** DVD Drama Gift theme song
** Lyrics, composition: Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Takahito Eguchi
* Moeyo! Generation (燃えよ！Generation)
** Lyrics: Masami Okui
** Composition, arrangement: Macaroni
* Trust (Session Mix)
** anime television series He Is My Master opening song
** Lyrics, composition: Masami Okui
** Arrangement: Seikou Nagaoka, Daiju Takato

## Sources

Official website: Makusonia
# Marylin Simons

Marylin Simons (16 October 1959) is a Surinamese writer and columnist. She is best known for In naam van God en Obia (2002) for which she was awarded the Kwaku Literature Prize [nl], and her youth book Carrousel (2003).

## Biography

Marilyn Simons was born on 16 October 1959 in Paramaribo. She went to the Netherlands to study higher vocational education. After graduating, she returned to Suriname in 1982.
Simons started to work as a columnist for the magazine De Tweede Ronde, and the newspaper De Ware Tijd. Simons made her literary debut in 2001, at De Tweede Ronde, and won the story writing contest for the 700th edition of De Ware Tijd Literair.
In 2002, Simons wrote In naam van God en Obia (In name of God and Obia), a family drama, for which she was awarded the Kwaku Literature Prize [nl] a former stimulus prize for Surinamese authors. In 2003, she wrote Carrousel which was originally published by Okopipi in Paramaribo, but has become better known as Koorddansers (2006), an extended republication by the Dutch publisher De Geus. The book is intended for both adults and youths. In 2004, Simons released Anansi Dala, a picture book about the spider Anansi.
A notable feature of her stories, is the tendency to break taboos, and that the characters tend to show the diversity in Surinamese Dutch which alternates from Sranan Tongo to "Algemeen Beschaafd Nederlands", the old term for posh civilized Dutch.
# Whitelaw railway station

Whitelaw was a railway station on the South Gippsland line in Victoria, Australia. The station was opened in June 1891 and was closed during the 1950s, along with the nearby station of Jeetho.
No evidence of the station remains: all buildings, platforms, sidings and other rail infrastructure were removed from the site in the late 1960s, a few years after the station's official closure.
# Wilgenplas

Restaurant Wilgenplas is a defunct restaurant in Maarssen, in the Netherlands. It was a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in both 1972 and 1973. It was again awarded a Michelin star in 1988 and retained that rating until 2000.
During the second star-period, head chef was Henny van der Veer
Restaurant De Wilgenplas closed down in 2000, due to bankruptcy.
# Gonystylus nobilis

Gonystylus nobilis is a species of plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. It is a tree endemic to Borneo where it is confined to Sarawak. The species has been assessed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List due to conversion of its forest habitat to palm oil plantations.
# William Ballhaus

William Ballhaus may refer to:
* William F. Ballhaus Sr. (1918–2013), American engineer
* William F. Ballhaus Jr. (born 1945), American engineer
* William L. Ballhaus (born c. 1967), American businessman
# Microbe: The Anatomical Adventure

Microbe: The Anatomical Adventure is a 1982 video game published by Synergistic Software for the Apple II.

## Gameplay

Microbe is a game in which a microscopic crew must journey through the body starting from the leg, through various organs and the connecting veins and arteries, to the brain to find out what is wrong with the patient.

## Reception

Tom Cleaver reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "I thoroughly recommend Microbe to gamers of every stripe for the enjoyment it provides, and I recommend it to everyone else for its educational content."
# Monard

Monard may refer to:
* Monard, County Cork, townland close to Cork city, Ireland
* Monard, County Tipperary, Ireland, a townland; see List of townlands of County Tipperary
* Albert Monard (1886–1952), zoologist from whom are named:
** Monard's dormouse
** Monard's African climbing mouse
# Stenoptilia platanodes

Stenoptilia platanodes is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Taiwan.
# HCS Mahi (1834)

HCS Mahi (or Mahé) was a schooner that the Bombay Dockyard launched in 1834 for the British East India Company (EIC).
Mahi participated in the 1839 Aden Expedition along with the frigate HMS Volage, the sloop HCS Coote, and the brig HMS Cruizer. The British attack began on 19 February and Mahé, under the command of Lieutenant Daniels, provided fire support. She sustained the only naval casualty of the expedition when Midshipman Nesbitt sustained a wound.
On 7 April 1855 Mahi, Lieutenant W.S. King, IN, commanding, delivered to Berbera Sir Richard F. Burton and his expedition to discover the source of the Nile. An attack by Somali warriors outside Berbera wounded Burton, killed one of the British officers on the expedition, and forced the cancellation of the expedition. (King died at sea on 24 November 1855.)
On 27 June 1856 Mahi, Lieutenant Walker, commanding, was at Massawa, investigating the slave trade across the Red Sea to Jeddah, Hodeida, etc.
On 13 January 1857 Mahi took a party of sappers and miners to Perim to establish a British military outpost there. The move was to forestall the French navy brig Nissus from claiming the island for France.

## Fate

After her release from official service, Mahé became a country ship trading on the Malabar Coast. She was still trading in 1870.

## Note

Charles Rathbone Low, the author of the history in the references below, was a midshipman on Mahi in 1855.

## Citations

* ↑ Low (1877), p. 14.
* ↑ Low (1877), p. 95.
* ↑ Hackman (2001), p. 334.
* ↑ Clowes, pg. 277-279.
* ↑ "No. 19719". The London Gazette. 26 March 1839. pp. 669–671.
* ↑ Burton (1856), pp. 449–458.
* ↑ Low (1877), p. 572.
* ↑ Low (1877), p. 582.
# HCS Coote (1827)

HCS Coote was a sloop-of-war that served the British East India Company (EIC) during the 19th century. The Bombay Dockyard launched Coote in 1827. Though the EIC built Coote, her size and armament were equivalent to the retired Cruizer-class brig-sloops.
Coote participated in the 1839 Aden Expedition along with HCS Mahi and the frigate HMS Volage and the brig HMS Cruizer of the British Royal Navy.

## Fate

Coote was lost on 1 December 1845. She had left Bombay on 22 November, and wrecked at Calicut, on the Malabar Coast, on what became known as Coote Reef (11°14′00″N 75°46′00″E﻿ / ﻿11.23333°N 75.76667°E﻿ / 11.23333; 75.76667). Her officers and crew abandoned her as unsalvageable on 3 December. Her captain, Lieutenant J.S. Grieve, his officers, and crew all survived. All her guns, and a great deal of her stores and ammunition were saved. The EIC was able, eventually, to get her off the rocks. The company decided to sell the hull at Calicut rather than attempt to tow it to Bombay. A Calicut resident bought the hull for 10,000 rupees, but as she was being towed on shore where her leaks might be repaired, she sank into mud and appeared a total loss.
# 1936 Washington University Bears football team

The 1936 Washington University Bears football team was an American football team that represented Washington University in St. Louis as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) during the 1936 college football season. In its fifth season under head coach Jimmy Conzelman, the team compiled a 3–7 record (1–1 against MVC opponents), and outscored opponents by a total of 151 to 123. The team played its home games at Francis Field in St. Louis.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 26 | Bradley* | Francis FieldSt. Louis, MO | W 32–0 | |
| October 3 | at Illinois* | Memorial StadiumChampaign, IL | L 7–13 | 20,568 |
| October 10 | at Notre Dame* | Notre Dame StadiumNotre Dame IN | L 6–14 | 9,879 |
| October 17 | at Boston University* | Fenway ParkBoston, MA | L 0–6 | 2,000 |
| October 24 | Drake | Francis FieldSt. Louis, MO | L 18–20 | 6,000 |
| October 31 | Oklahoma A&M | Francis FieldSt. Louis, MO | W 39–6 | |
| November 6 | Duquesne* | Francis FieldSt. Louis, MO | L 0–26 | |
| November 14 | at McKendree* | Lebanon, IL | W 33–0 | |
| November 21 | Missouri* | Memorial StadiumColumbia, MO | L 10–17 | |
| November 28 | Saint Louis* | Francis FieldSt. Louis, MO | L 6–21 | |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# HIST1H1E

Histone H1.4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H1E gene.
Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6.

## HIST1H1E syndrome

HIST1H1E syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by a heterozygous pathogenic variant in the HIST1H1E gene, which is characterized by a set of recognizable clinical features such as hypotonia, intellectual disability, behavioral issues, skeletal, testes (undescended) and thyroid, heart anomalies, and ectodermal issues.
# 1947 Rhode Island State Rams football team

The 1947 Rhode Island State Rams football team was an American football team that represented Rhode Island State College (later renamed the University of Rhode Island) as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1947 college football season. In its third season under head coach Bill Beck, the team compiled a 3–4 record (1–3 against conference opponents) and finished in fourth place in the Yankee Conference. The team played its home games at Meade Stadium in Kingston, Rhode Island.
In the final Litkenhous Ratings released in mid-December, Rhode Island was ranked at No. 379 out of 500 college football teams.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 27 | Maine | Meade StadiumKingston, RI | L 13–33 | 4,000 |
| October 4 | New Hampshire | Meade StadiumKingston, RI | L 7–33 | 3,000 |
| October 11 | at Brown* | Brown StadiumProvidence, RI (rivalry) | L 6–55 | 15,000 |
| October 18 | at Massachusetts | Alumni FieldAmherst, MA | W 20–13 | > 4,500 |
| October 25 | Coast Guard* | Meade StadiumKingston, RI | W 27–7 | 4,000 |
| November 1 | Massachusetts State College–Fort Devens* | Meade StadiumKingston, RI | W 38–13 | 4,000 |
| November 8 | at Connecticut | Gardner Dow FieldStorrs, CT (rivalry) | L 0–23 | 4,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# HMCS d'Iberville

HMCS d'Iberville is a Canadian Forces Naval Reserve Division (NRD) located in Rimouski, Quebec. Dubbed a stone frigate, HMCS d'Iberville is a land-based naval establishment for part-time sailors as well as a local recruitment centre for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN). It is one of 24 naval reserve divisions located in major cities across Canada.

## Namesake

The name d'Iberville celebrates the name of Canadian sailor, explorer and founder of the French colony of La Louisiane, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, who was born in Ville-Marie, New France.

## History
### The First HMCS d'Iberville (1952 to 1961)

The first HMCS d'Iberville was commissioned as a naval school in Quebec City, Quebec. Focused on increasing the presence of French Canadians, the first HMCS d'Iberville was in operation for nine years before being paid off in 1961.

### The Second HMCS d'Iberville (1986 to Present)

The current HMCS d'Iberville was authorized to stand up in 1986, and formally commissioned in 1987, operating out of temporary facilities until the unit's permanent facility was opened in Rimouski East in 1994.
# Battle of Munychia

The Battle of Munychia was fought between Athenians exiled by the oligarchic government of the Thirty Tyrants and the forces of that government, supported by a Spartan garrison. In the battle, a substantially superior force composed of the Spartan garrison of Athens and the army of the oligarchic government attacked a hill in Piraeus (the Munychia) which had been seized by 1,000 exiles under Thrasybulus, but was defeated. After this defeat, the Thirty Tyrants were forced to flee to Eleusis.

## Prelude

In late 404 BC, Thrasybulus, with other Athenian exiles, had seized Phyle, a strong point on the Athenian border. He and his men resisted an abortive attempt to dislodge them and then, as their numbers were swelled by new recruits, ambushed the Spartan garrison of Athens, which had been dispatched to watch them. Shortly after this victory, the men from Phyle, now 1,000 strong, marched by night to Piraeus, the port of Athens. There, being too few to defend the entire port, they seized one of its prominent hills, the Munychia. The next morning, the forces of the Thirty marched out to meet them.

## Battle

The Athenian exiles drew up for battle in a formation ten ranks deep at the top of the Munychia, with light troops and spear throwers behind them. Below, in one of the markets of Piraeus, the joint Spartan-oligarchic force drew up in a formation of equal width, but fifty ranks deep. The Spartan garrison held the right, the forces of the Thirty the left. Xenophon's account of the battle states that Thrasybulus, to inspire his men, reminded them that the enemy right was composed of men whom they had routed a few days before, while the left was made up of men who had wrongly driven them from their country.
The oligarchic forces advanced up the road towards the top of the hill, but before they reached the top the men from Phyle charged down the hill at them. This charge broke the oligarchic line, and the exiles pursued their enemies down the hill onto the level ground. In this rout, seventy men of the Thirty's force were killed. Among the dead was Critias, the leader of the Thirty; several other prominent oligarchic leaders were also killed, including Charmides.

## Aftermath

After this battle, the prestige of the Thirty, already weakened by the earlier defeat near Phyle, was irreparably damaged. The next day the Thirty were deposed by a vote of the larger oligarchic governing body, the council of three thousand. The Thirty fled to Eleusis, and a governing board of ten was elected in their place. This new government, however, was not ready to compromise with the men in Piraeus, so envoys were sent to Sparta to request aid. A Spartan force under Pausanias was dispatched to deal with the situation; after a face saving victory at the Battle of Piraeus, Pausanias arranged a settlement between the oligarchs and exiles and restored democracy in Athens.