# List of reptiles of Pakistan

There are around 170 species of reptiles living in Pakistan.

## Order Crocodilia

There are only two species found in Pakistan.
* Family Crocodylidae (crocodiles) - 1 species
** Crocodylus palustris (mugger crocodile, Indian crocodile, Indus crocodile or marsh crocodile) - national reptile
* Family Gavialidae (gharials) - 1 species
** Gavialis gangeticus (Indian gavial or gharial)

## Order Squamata

Around 153 species of Squamata are found in Pakistan.

### Suborder Lacertilia

There are 86 species of Lacertilia (lizards and relatives) in Pakistan.
* Family Agamidae (agamas) - 22 species
** Brachysaura minor (Hardwicke's bloodsucker)
** Calotes versicolor (Oriental garden lizard, eastern garden lizard or changeable lizard)
** Japalura kumaonensis (Kumaon mountain lizard)
** Paralaudakia badakhshana (Badakhshana rock agama)
** Paralaudakia caucasia (Caucasian agama)
** Paralaudakia himalayana (Himalayan agama)
** Laudakia agrorensis (Agror agama)
** Laudakia melanura (black agama)
** Laudakia fusca (yellow-headed rock agama)
** Laudakia nupta (large-scaled rock agama) - 2 subspecies
*** Laudakia n. fusca
*** Laudakia n. nupta
** Laudakia tuberculata (Kashmir rock agama)
** Phrynocephalus clarkorum (Clark's toad-headed agama)
** Phrynocephalus euptilopus (Alcock's toad-headed agama)
** Phrynocephalus luteoguttatus (yellow-speckled toad-headed agama)
** Phrynocephalus maculatus (blacktail toadhead agama)
** Phrynocephalus ornatus (ornate toadhead agama)
** Phrynocephalus scutellatus (gray toadhead agama)
** Trapelus agilis pakistanensis (brilliant ground agama)
** Trapelus rubrigularis (red-throated agama)
** Trapelus ruderatus (horn-scaled agama or Baluch ground agama)
** Uromastyx asmussi (Iranian mastigure)
** Uromastyx hardwickii (Hardwick's spiny-tailed lizard or Indian spiny-tailed lizard)
* Family Chamaeleonidae (chameleons) - 1 species
** Chamaeleo zeylanicus (Indian chameleon or Ceylon chameleon)
* Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species
** Agamura femoralis or Rhinogecko femoralis (De Witte's gecko or sharp-tailed spider gecko)
** Agamura persica persica (Persian spider gecko)
** Bunopus tuberculatus (Baluch rock gecko)
** Crossobamon eversmanni (Baluchistan sand gecko or comb-toed gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** Crossobamon e. eversmanni or Crossobamon maynardi
*** Crossobamon e. lumsdenii
** Crossobamon orientalis (Sind gecko)
** Cyrtodactylus walli (Chitral gecko or Swat stone gecko)
** Cyrtopodium agamuroides (Nikolsky spider gecko)
** Cyrtopodium baturensis (Batura thin-toed gecko or Batura gecko)
** Cyrtopodium dattanensis (Khan's bow-fingered gecko or Hazara gecko)
** Cyrtopodium fortmunroi (Fort Munro gecko)
** Cyrtopodium indusoani (Soan Sakaser gecko)
** Cyrtopodium kachhensis (Kutch gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** Cyrtopodium k. ingoldbyi (Ingoldby's stone gecko)
*** Cyrtopodium k. kachhensis (warty rock gecko)
** Cyrtopodium mintoni (Minton's gecko)
** Cyrtopodium montiumsalsorum (Salt Range rock gecko)
** Cyrtopodium rhodocaudus (red-tailed gecko)
** Cyrtopodium rohtasfortai (Rohtas Fort gecko)
** Cyrtopodium scaber (keeled rock gecko)
** Cyrtopodium watsoni (Quetta rock gecko)
** Eublepharis macularius (leopard gecko)
** Hemidactylus brookii brookii (Brook's house gecko or spotted Indian house gecko)
** Hemidactylus flaviviridis (yellow-bellied house gecko)
** Hemidactylus frenatus (Pacific house gecko or South Asian waif gecko)
** Hemidactylus imbricatus (carrot-tail viper gecko)
** Hemidactylus leschenaultii (Leschenault's leaf-toed gecko or bark gecko)
** Hemidactylus persicus (Persian leaf-toed gecko)
** Hemidactylus triedrus triedus (termite hill gecko or blotched house gecko)
** Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus (Mediterranean house gecko)
** Microgecko depressus (low lying gecko)
** Microgecko helenae (banded dwarf gecko)
** Ptyodactylus homolepis (Pakistan fan-fingered gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** Ptyodactylus h. homolepis
*** Ptyodactylus h. socotranus
** Teratoscincus microlepis (small-scaled wonder gecko or Baluch plate-tailed gecko)
** Teratoscincus scincus (Turkestan plate-tailed gecko or common wonder gecko or frog-eyed gecko)
** Tropiocolotes persica (Persian sand gecko or Persian pygmy gecko)
* Family Lacertidae (sand lizards, wall lizards and true lizards) - 12 species
** Acanthodactylus cantoris (Indian fringe-fingered lizard) - 2 subspecies
*** Acanthodactylus c. blanfordii (Mekran fringe-fingered lizard)
*** Acanthodactylus c. cantoris (Indian fringe-fingered lizard)
** Acanthodactylus micropholis (yellow-tailed sand lizard)
** Eremias acutirostris (reticulate desert lacerta)
** Eremias fasciata (yellow-headed desert lacerta)
** Eremias scripta (Caspian desert lacerta)
** Eremias velox persica (Persian Steppe lacerta)
** Mesalina brevirostris (short-nosed desert lacerta)
** Mesalina guttulata (small-spotted lizard or long-tailed desert lacerta)
** Ophisops elegans (elegant snake-eyed lizard) - 2 subspecies
*** Ophisops e. blanfordi (Blanfords snake-eyed lizard)
*** Ophisops e. elegans (elegant snake-eyed lizard)
** Ophisops jerdonii (Jerdon's snake-eyed lizard or Punjab snake-eyed lizard)
** Ophisops microlepis (Indian snake-eyed lizard)
** Scapteira aporosceles (Chagai desert lacerta)
* Family Scincidae (skinks) - 15 species
** Ablepharus grayanus (minor snake-eyed skink)
** Ablepharus pannonicus (Asian snake-eyed skink)
** Chalcides ocellatus (ocellated skink)
** Eumeces schneiderii zarudnyi (Schneider's skink, Berber skink or Zarudny's skink)
** Eurylepis indothalensis (Thal skink)
** Eurylepis taeniolata (alpine Punjab skink or yellow-bellied mole skink)
** Eutropis dissimilis (striped grass mabuya or striped grass skink)
** Eutropis macularia (bronze mabuya, bronze grass skink)
** Ophiomorus blanfordii (Makran sand swimmer)
** Ophiomorus brevipes (short-toed sand swimmer)
** Ophiomorus raithmai (Indus sand swimmer)
** Ophiomorus tridactylus (three-toed snake skink or Indian sandswimmer)
** Scincella ladacensis - 2 subspecies
*** Scincella l. ladacensis (Ladak ground skink)
*** Scincella l. himalayana (Himalayan ground skink)
* Family Varanidae (monitor lizards) - 3 species
** Varanus bengalensis (Bengal monitor)
** Varanus flavescens (yellow monitor)
** Varanus griseus - 2 subspecies
*** Varanus g. caspius (eastern desert monitor)
*** Varanus g. koniecznyi (Thar desert monitor)

### Suborder Serpentes

There are 71 species and 15 subspecies of Serpentes (snakes) found in Pakistan.
* Family Boidae (boas) - 3 species
** Eryx johnii (Indian sand boa or red sand boa)
** Eryx tataricus speciosus (Tartar sand boa)
** Eryx conicus (rough-scaled sand boa)
* Family Colubridae (colubrids) - 35 species
** Herpetoreas platyceps
** Herpetoreas sieboldii
** Dendrelaphis tristis
** Coelognathus helena
** Amphiesma stolata stolata
** Boiga trigonata – 1 subspecies
*** Boiga t. melanocephala
** Platyceps plinii
** Platyceps karelini – 1 subspecies
*** Platyceps k. mintonorum
** Hemorrhois ravergieri spotted whip snake
** Platyceps rhodorachis – 2 subspecies
*** Coluber r. kashmirensis
*** Coluber r. ladacensis
** Platyceps ventromaculatus – 2 subspecies
*** Coluber v. bengalensis
*** Coluber v. indusai
** Enhydris pakistanica
** Fowlea piscator
** Fowlea sanctijohannis
** Fowlea schnurrenbergeri
** Lycodon aulicus
** Lycodon bicolor
** Lycodon striatus
** Lycodon travancoricus
** Lytorhynchus maynardi
** Lytorhynchus paradoxus
** Lytorhynchus ridgewayi
** Natrix tessellata
** Oligodon russelius
** Oligodon taeniolatus
** Psammophis condanarus
** Psammophis leithii
** Psammophis lineolatus
** Psammophis schokari
** Eirenis persicus
** Ptyas mucosus
** Sibynophis sagittarius
** Spalerosophis atriceps
** Spalerosophis arenarius
** Spalerosophis diadema – 1 subspecies
*** Spalerosophis d. schirazianus
** Telescopus rhinopoma
** Xenochrophis cerasogaster
* Family Elapidae (kraits and cobras) - 4 species
** Bungarus caeruleus (common krait)
** Bungarus sindanus (Sind krait) – 1 subspecies
*** Bungarus s. razai (northern Punjab krait)
** Naja naja (Indian cobra or spectacled cobra)
** Naja oxiana (Central Asian cobra or Oxus cobra)
* Family Hydrophiidae (sea snakes) - 14 species
** Astrotia stokesii (Stokes' sea snake)
** Enhydrina schistosa (beaked sea snake, hook-nosed sea snake, common sea snake or Valakadyn sea snake)
** Hydrophis caerulescens (dwarf seasnake or many-toothed sea snake)
** Hydrophis cyanocinctus (annulated sea snake or blue-banded sea snake)
** Hydrophis fasciatus (striped sea snake)
** Hydrophis lapemoides (Persian Gulf sea snake)
** Hydrophis mamillaris (Bombay sea snake)
** Hydrophis ornatus (ornate reef seasnake)
** Hydrophis spiralis (Yellow Sea snake)
** Lapemis curtus (Shaw's sea snake)
** Microcephalophis cantoris (Cantor's small-headed sea snake)
** Microcephalophis gracilis (graceful small-headed sea snake or slender sea snake)
** Pelamis platurus (yellow-bellied sea snake or pelagic sea snake)
** Praescutata viperina (viperine sea snake)
* Family Leptotyphlopidae (thread snakes) - 2 species
** Leptotyphlops blanfordii (Blanford's worm snake or Sind thread snake)
** Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus (long-nosed worm snake or beaked thread snake)
* Family Pythonidae (pythons) - 1 species
** Python molurus molurus (Indian python, black-tailed python or Sind python)
* Family Typhlopidae (blind snakes) - 4 species
** Ramphotyphlops braminus (brahminy blind snake)
** Typhlops ahsanai (Ahsan's blind snake)
** Typhlops porrectus or Typhlops ductuliformes (slender worm snake)
** Typhlops madgemintonai – 1 subspecies
*** Typhlops m. shermanai (Sherman's blind snake)
* Family Viperidae (vipers and pit vipers) - 7 species
** Daboia russelii russelii (daboia or Russell's viper)
** Echis carinatus (Indian saw-scaled viper) - 3 subspecies
*** Echis c. astolae (Astola saw-scaled viper)
*** Echis c. multisquamatus (multiscale saw-scaled viper)
*** Echis c. sochureki (Sochurek's saw-scaled viper)
** Eristicophis macmahonii (McMahon's viper, Asian sand viper, leaf-nosed viper)
** Gloydius himalayanus (Himalayan pit viper)
** Macrovipera lebetinus (blunt-nosed viper, Lebetine viper, Levant viper) - 3 subspecies
*** Macrovipera lebetina obtusa (west-Asian blunt-nosed viper, Levant blunt-nosed viper)
*** Macrovipera lebetina cernovi (Chernov blunt-nosed viper)
*** Macrovipera lebetina turanica (Turan blunt-nosed viper)
** Pseudocerastes persicus persicus (Persian horned viper, false horned viper)

## Order Testudines

There are 15 species of testudines that represent Pakistan.
* Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species
** Chelonia mydas (green sea turtle)
** Caretta caretta (loggerhead sea turtle)
** Eretmochelys imbricata bissa (hawksbill turtle)
** Lepidochelys olivacea (olive ridley turtle)
* Family Dermochelyidae (softshell sea turtles) - 1 species
** Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle or leatherback)
* Family Geoemydidae (Asian river turtles, Asian leaf turtles, Asian box turtles and roofed turtles) - 4 species
** Geoclemys hamiltonii (black pond turtle, spotted pond turtle or Indian spotted turtle)
** Hardella thurjii (brahminy river turtle or crowned river turtle)
** Kachuga smithii smithii (brown-roofed turtle)
** Kachuga tecta (Indian roofed turtle)
** Melanochelys trijuga (Indian black turtle)
* Family Testudinidae (true tortoises) - 2 species
** Geochelone elegans (Indian star tortoise)
** Testudo horsfieldi horsfieldii (Afghan tortoise, Horsfield's tortoise or Central Asian tortoise)
* Family Trionychidae (softshell turtles) - 4 species
** Aspideretes gangeticus indica (Ganges soft-shelled turtle)
** Aspideretes hurum (peacock soft-shelled turtle)
** Chitra indica (narrow-headed soft-shelled turtle)
** Lissemys punctata andersoni (Indian flap-shelled turtle)