OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1821 in Ireland

Events from the year 1821 in Ireland.

## Events

* 12 August – 3 September: the newly crowned King George IV of the United Kingdom lands at Howth to become the first monarch to pay a state visit to Ireland since the 14th century. He stays at the Viceregal Lodge in Dublin; with his mistress Elizabeth Conyngham, Marchioness Conyngham, at Slane Castle; and with Viscount Powerscourt at Powerscourt House. He departs from Dunleary which is renamed Kingstown in his honour.
* September–November – potato crop fails.
* 28 December – Sandycove lifeboat disaster – four lifeboatmen drown attempting to rescue Ellen of Liverpool.
* Metal Man seamark erected at Rosses Point.
* Loreto Abbey established by Sisters of Loreto at Rathfarnham.

## Arts and literature

* 18 January – the Albany New Theatre opens in Dublin. In August, King George IV attends a performance, following which it becomes Dublin's second Theatre Royal.
* John Banim's poem The Celt's Paradise is published, and his play Damon and Pythias is first performed (at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden) on 28 May.
* Whitely Stokes publishes a critique of Thomas Malthus's reflections on Ireland: Observations on the population and resources of Ireland, Dublin, Joshua Porter

## Births

* 20 January – Dennis Mahony, co-founder of the Herald newspaper in Dubuque, Iowa (died 1879 in the United States).
* February (possible date) – Robert O'Hara Burke, explorer of Australia (died 1861 in Australia).
* 17 February – Lola Montez, born Eliza Rosanna Gilbert, "Spanish dancer" and royal mistress (died 1861 in the United States).
* 20 February – Miles Gerard Keon, journalist, novelist, colonial secretary and lecturer (died 1875).
* 21 February – "Roaring" Hugh Hanna, Evangelical preacher (died 1892).
* 8 March – James Sheridan Muspratt, research chemist and teacher (died 1871).
* 28 March – William Howard Russell, journalist (died 1907).
* 6 May – Robert O'Hara Burke, explorer of Australia (died 1861 in Australia).
* 20 July – Michael Hannan, Archbishop in Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Halifax, Nova Scotia (died 1882 in Canada).
* 22 September – John Conness, United States Senator from California, 1863–1869 (died 1909 in the United States).
* 18 December – William Connor Magee, Anglican clergyman, Archbishop of York (died 1891).
* 21 December – Samuel Haughton, scientific writer (died 1897).
* 27 December – Jane Francesca Elgee, later Lady Wilde, poet ("Esperanza"; died 1896).
* Date unknown – Joseph Robinson Kirk, sculptor (died 1894).

## Deaths

* 6 April – Robert Stewart, 1st Marquess of Londonderry, politician (born 1739).
* 15 June – James Cuffe, 1st Baron Tyrawley, peer (born 1747).
* 4 October – Edward Hudson, dentist (born 1743).
* 15 November – John Barrett, clergyman and Hebrew scholar (born 1753).
# Henry Peyto-Verney, 16th Baron Willoughby de Broke

Henry Peyto-Verney, 16th Baron Willoughby de Broke and de jure 24th Baron Latimer (5 April 1773 – 16 December 1852) was a peer in the peerage of England.
Henry Peyto-Verney was born on 5 April 1773, the younger son of John Peyto-Verney (1738–1816),14th Baron Willoughby de Broke and Lady Louisa North, daughter of Francis North, 1st Earl of Guilford. He lived a somewhat reclusive life at the Verney family seat at Compton Verney House in Warwickshire, inheriting the title 16th Baron Willoughby de Broke and 24th Baron Latimer on the death of his elder brother John Peyto-Verney (1762–1820).
He married Margaret Williams, daughter of Sir John Williams, 1st Baronet Williams of Bodelwyddan in St Asaph Cathedral on 10 March 1829. Lady Margaret commissioned the building of the remarkable Marble Church, Bodelwyddan in North Wales to his memory soon after his death at Compton Verney on 16 December 1852. Margaret herself died in 1880. He was succeeded as 17th Baron by his nephew Robert John Barnard (1809–1862) who changed his name to Verney.
# Dechen Chöling

Dechen Chöling is the residential practice center of the European Shambhala Buddhist community. The center sits in a land of rolling meadows near Limoges, France.
Dechen Chöling is a part of Shambhala Europe - a network of more than 45 urban meditation centres and groups - and of Shambhala International, a worldwide network of 140 urban centers and seven residential practice centres. Shambhala Buddhism joins the legacy of Tibetan Buddhism with the Shambhala tradition of Chogyam Trungpa.
The centre sits in a land of rolling meadows and trees near Limoges, France. People from around the world come to learn and practice meditation, and to relax. Throughout the year, Dechen Chöling offers programmes ranging from basic meditation and contemplative arts to advanced Buddhist and Shambhala teachings taught by renowned teachers.
# 1940 Estonian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Estonia on 14 and 15 July 1940 alongside simultaneous elections in Latvia and Lithuania. The elections followed the Soviet occupation of the three countries. As was the case in Latvia and Lithuania, the elections in Estonia were blatantly rigged. They were also unconstitutional, since only seats for the lower chamber of the Riigikogu, the Chamber of Deputies (Riigivolikogu), were contested; the upper chamber, the National Council, had been dissolved and was never reconvened. According to August Rei, one of independent Estonia's last envoys to Moscow, under the Estonian constitution, the Chamber of Deputies had "no legislative power" apart from the National Council.
The Estonian Working People's Union, a Communist front group, was the only party allowed to run and won all 80 seats, allegedly with 93% of the votes cast and the remaining 7% having been declared invalid. The newly elected Chamber of Deputies [et] declared the Estonian SSR on 21 July and requested admission to the Soviet Union the following day. The request was approved by the Soviet government on 6 August.

## Background

The elections followed the Soviet occupation of Estonia in June. The Communist Party established the Estonian Working People's Union to run in the elections, whilst despite having only three days to organise, the opposition put forward 78 candidates in 66 of the 80 Riigikogu constituencies. However, Prime Minister Johannes Vares was ordered by Soviet politician Andrei Zhdanov to remove opposition candidates from the ballot. Opposition candidates were required to present a manifesto within a few hours, which most of them did. However, almost all were subsequently removed by a mixture of threats, violence and invalidations. Only one opposition candidate remained; Jüri Rajur-Liivak, who was later arrested along with the other removed candidates.

## Conduct

On the first day of the election the main daily newspaper Rahva Hääl told readers that "it would be extremely unwise to shirk elections... Only people's enemies stay at home on election day." Red Army troops were present in the polling stations in Tartu.

## Results

| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| | Estonian Working People's Union | 548,631 | 100.00 | 80 |
| Total | Total | 548,631 | 100.00 | 80 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 548,631 | 92.83 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 42,399 | 7.17 | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 591,030 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 703,059 | 84.07 | |
| Source: Uudisleht |||||
During the German occupation of Estonia during World War II the figures from the election were re-examined. Voter turnout was found to have been 80.1%, and the proportion of total votes for the Working People's Union was revised down to 91.6%. The distortions in the official figures were caused by officials artificially reducing the number of registered voters and counting invalid votes as valid ones, as well as assigning votes received by Rajur-Liivak to the Working People's Union. Additional evidence was uncovered that the Election Committee had forged 35,119 votes.
# Kunio Nakamura

Kunio Nakamura (中村 邦夫, Nakamura Kunio, 5 July 1939 – 28 November 2022) was a Japanese businessman. He served as the president of Panasonic from 2000 to 2005 and assumed the position of chairman on 28 June 2006. Even though he is widely regarded as having reformed the company, he created a crisis in the mid-2000s for focusing on plasma display panels (PDPs) instead of medium liquid crystal TVs (LCDs).
At the 2010 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Panasonic introduced their 152" 2160p 3D plasma. In 2010 Panasonic shipped 19.1 million plasma TV panels.
In 2010, shipments of plasma TVs reached 18.2 million units worldwide. Since then shipments have declined substantially; the decline has been attributed to competition from liquid crystal (LCD) televisions, whose prices have fallen more rapidly than those of the plasma TVs. In late 2013, Panasonic announced that they would stop producing plasma TVs in March 2014 onwards. In 2014, LG and Samsung discontinued plasma TV production as well, effectively killing the technology, probably because of falling demand.
Nakamura died from pneumonia on 28 November 2022, at the age of 83.
# Darrell Nicholson

Darrell Nicholson (born August 23, 1959) is a former American football linebacker. After a career at North Carolina, where he earned first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference honors in 1980 when the Tar Heels finished 11–1 and won the ACC with a 6–0 record, Nicholson was selected by the New York Giants in the 1982 NFL draft. After only one season, he joined the Toronto Argonauts and helped the team win the 71st Grey Cup.
In his junior season at UNC, where he was a teammate of Lawrence Taylor, Nicholson led the Tar Heels in tackles with 75 solos and 42 assists. He had been the ACC Rookie of the Year in 1978.
His sons A. J. Nicholson and Derek Nicholson played for the Florida State Seminoles.
# 1994 Cambodian League

Statistics of the Cambodian League for the 1994 season.

## Overview

Civil Aviation won the championship.
# 1940 Colorado A&M Aggies football team

The 1940 Colorado A&M Aggies football team represented Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts in the Mountain States Conference (MSC) during the 1940 college football season. In their 30th season under head coach Harry W. Hughes, the Aggies compiled a 3–4–2 record (1–3–2 against MSC opponents), finished fifth in the MSC, and were outscored by a total of 131 to 85.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 28 | vs. Colorado Mines* | Denver University StadiumDenver, CO | W 25–0 | |
| October 5 | at Wyoming | Corbett FieldLaramie, WY (rivalry) | T 0–0 | |
| October 12 | at Denver | Denver University StadiumDenver, CO | L 13–14 | 15,000 |
| October 19 | Colorado | Colorado FieldFort Collins, CO (rivalry) | L 14–33 | |
| October 26 | vs. New Mexico* | Denver University StadiumDenver, CO | W 7–6 | |
| November 9 | Utah State | Colorado FieldFort Collins, CO | W 13–12 | |
| November 16 | at Utah | Ute StadiumSalt Lake City, UT | L 0–27 | |
| November 23 | BYU | Colorado FieldFort Collins, CO | T 13–13 | |
| November 28 | at Kansas* | Memorial StadiumLawrence, KS | L 0–26 | 3,000 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche

Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche (Lexicon of Theology and the Church; commonly abbreviated LThK) is a German-language Catholic theological encyclopedia. Three editions have appeared so far, all published by Herder-Verlag in Freiburg im Breisgau.

## First edition: 1930 to 1938

The first edition of the Lexikon was edited by Michael Buchberger, bishop of Regensburg, between 1930 and 1938. It was an emended and expanded version of an earlier work in two volumes entitled Kirchliches Handlexikon (Munich, 1904–1912). The editor's goal was to create a modern summa theologiae, i.e. a reference work that would cover all aspects of Catholic teaching, life and practice. This edition contained 10 volumes.

## Second edition: 1957 to 1968

The second edition of the work was prepared between 1957 and 1968 by Josef Höfer and Karl Rahner. At that time, the Catholic Church was experiencing drastic changes, culminating in the Second Vatican Council. As a result, the ten volumes of the encyclopedia and the additional volume containing the index were supplemented by three volumes containing the complete texts of the decrees of the council (in Latin and in German). The complete edition, thus, comprised 14 volumes, and had approximately 22,000 articles.

## Third edition: 1993 to 2001

The third edition was edited by Cardinal Walter Kasper between 1993 and 2001. This edition contains 10 volumes and an additional index volume; altogether it contains approximately 26,000 articles on 8,292 pages. Topics covered include all aspects of Catholic theology, doctrine, history and practice, as well as other subjects related to the Roman Catholic Church and Roman Catholicism in general. Bruno Steimer worked as editor on the third edition.
# Defynnog

Defynnog, (sometimes found as Devynock in some historical documents), is a small village in the community of Maescar in the historic county of Brecknockshire, Wales, now lying within the unitary authority area of Powys. It lies immediately south of Sennybridge and about ten miles west of Brecon within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

## The village

An important place in the past, Defynnog lost much of its importance as Sennybridge became more developed. The village (which has also been referred to historically as 'Devynnock') is located in the Brecon Beacons National Park one mile south of Sennybridge, beside the Afon Senni just south of its confluence with the River Usk and where the A4215 road meets the A4065. The Welsh name signifies the 'territory belonging to Dyfwn'.

## History

To the southwest of the village is "Y Gaer", a small oval hillfort with a sub-rectangular annex standing on a ridge. The ramparts and ditches are covered with bracken.
The Church of St Cynog contains an ancient stone with ogham inscriptions and is a grade I listed building. In 1836 a chapel in the parish of Defynnog was dedicated to Saint Callwen.
The churchyard contains several yew trees, of which the largest, the Defynnog Yew has a girth large enough for it to be 1300–3000 years old. An adjacent yew was reported in 2014 to be genetically identical to the largest, leading to conjecture in the popular press that the two trees were remnants of a single 5000-year-old tree; but this conjecture has been disputed on the grounds that layering is a more plausible origin for the adjacent tree. The crown of the largest tree is 60 ft in diameter.
The rectory within the church grounds was once the property of Moses Williams FRS and his inscription is to found on the beams of one of the attics. The property immediately south of the lychgate (Ty Defynnog, Defynnog House) may have been made up of two former cottages. Its cellar contains a stone slab of uncertain purpose. It is a Grade II listed building.
The Sir John Davy School is now a cafe and antiques centre. The Sir John Davy Alms houses are sited close to a former police station and court, later a brass rubbing centre and now a bed and breakfast, complete with police cells.
The Tanners Arms has a long and colourful history. The main building ( now the bar and restaurant ) dates to the early 1800s and was originally three separate cottages, all being homes for the workers at the nearby Tannery. Thomas Jenkins, father of David Jenkins, a defender of Rorke's Drift, was landlord of the Tanners Arms in 1871.

## Notable people

* Moses Davies (1799–1866), a Welsh musician and composer.
* Isabella Gifford (1825–1891), a Welsh-born botanist, primarily an algologist, studying algae.
* Gwenllian Morgan (1852–1939), an antiquary and the first woman in Wales to hold the office of Mayor.
* William Havard MC (1889–1956), a Welsh clergyman and rugby union international player.
# Lochiel railway line

The Lochiel railway line was a railway line that branched off the Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line at Bumbunga. It opened in 1926 and closed in 1981.

## History

The Lochiel railway line opened in 1926 being 5 miles in length. It was built to serve the Australian Salt Company salt works which had been operating since the late 1880s on Lake Bumbunga. Along a station, a siding was laid to the company's refinery on the shore of the lake, about three-quarters of a mile away. There was also a siding at Bumbunga. The line closed in 1981 when the salt works were closed and salt harvesting became a stop-start business managed from afar.
# 2005 World Wrestling Championships – Women's freestyle 67 kg

The women's freestyle 67 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2005 World Wrestling Championships, and was held at the László Papp Budapest Sports Arena in Budapest, Hungary on 30 September 2005.
This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals.

## Results
### Legend

* F — Won by fall

### Final

| Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Meng Lili (CHN) | 3 | 2 | |
| Martine Dugrenier (CAN) | 1 | 1 | |

### Top half

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| Hatun Muhçu (TUR) | 1 | 0 | | | | | | | | |
| Masira Admiraal (NED) | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Masira Admiraal (NED) | 0 | 0 | | | | |
| | | | | Meng Lili (CHN) | 5 | 2 | | | | |
| Meng Lili (CHN) | 0 | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | |
| Elena Perepelkina (RUS) | 3 | 0 | 0 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Meng Lili (CHN) | 1 | 4 |
| | | | | | | | | Gelegjamtsyn Naranchimeg (MGL) | 0 | 0 |
| Yana Panova (KGZ) | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| Poonam Bamal (IND) | 0 | 0 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Yana Panova (KGZ) | 0 | 1 | 1 | | | |
| | | | | Gelegjamtsyn Naranchimeg (MGL) | 1 | 0 | 3$^F$ | | | |
| Iryna Tsyrkevich (BLR) | 0 | 3 | | | | | | | | |
| Gelegjamtsyn Naranchimeg (MGL) | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | |

### Bottom half

| Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| | | | | Kateryna Burmistrova (UKR) | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Ashlea McManus (GBR) | 0 | 3$^F$ | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Ashlea McManus (GBR) | 0 | 3 | 2 | | | |
| | | | | | | | Rita Soós (HUN) | 1 | 1 | 0 | | | |
| | | | | Rita Soós (HUN) | 7$^F$ | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Sana Chortani (TUN) | 1 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ashlea McManus (GBR) | 0 | 0 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Martine Dugrenier (CAN) | 3 | 6 |
| | | | | Martine Dugrenier (CAN) | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | |
| Eri Sakamoto (JPN) | 5$^F$ | | | Eri Sakamoto (JPN) | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | |
| Hayat Quassir (MAR) | 0 | | | | | | Martine Dugrenier (CAN) | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| Laura Skujiņa (LAT) | 0 | 3 | 1 | | | | Katie Downing (USA) | 0 | 0 | | | | |
| Stavroula Zygouri (GRE) | 3 | 0 | 4 | Stavroula Zygouri (GRE) | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| Manuela Bârzu (ROM) | 0 | | | Katie Downing (USA) | 3$^F$ | | | | | | | | |
| Katie Downing (USA) | 3$^F$ | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Repechage

| Repechage round 2 | Repechage round 2 | Repechage round 2 | Repechage round 2 | Bronze medals | Bronze medals | Bronze medals |
| Elena Perepelkina (RUS) | 2 | 4 | | Elena Perepelkina (RUS) | 4 | 5 |
| Masira Admiraal (NED) | 0 | 0 | | Gelegjamtsyn Naranchimeg (MGL) | 0 | 0 |
| Eri Sakamoto (JPN) | 2 | 0 | 1 | Katie Downing (USA) | 6 | 7 |
| Katie Downing (USA) | 0 | 1 | 3 | Ashlea McManus (GBR) | 0 | 0 |
# Kvalpyntfonna

Kvalpyntfonna (Whale Point Glacier) is a glacier at Edgeøya, Svalbard. It covers a mountain area northeast of Kvalpynten. Its summit at 551 m.a.s.l. is the highest point on Edgeøya (while the Müllerberget mountain is the highest bare summit).
# Halamanning

Halamanning is a hamlet in west Cornwall, England, situated approximately 5.5 miles (8.9 km) east of Penzance and 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Hayle. Halamanning is in the parish of St Hilary (where the population taken at the 2011 census was included ) and is in the Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape, which was designated as a World Heritage Site in 2006.
# 1798 in sports

1798 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

## Boxing

Events
* Jack Bartholomew retained his English Championship title but no fights involving him are recorded in 1798.

## Cricket

Events
* With inter-county fixtures not being played again until 1825, the records show a considerable increase in matches played by town clubs rather than county teams.
England
* Most runs – Lord Frederick Beauclerk 369
* Most wickets – Thomas Boxall 42

## Horse racing

England
* The Derby – Sir Harry
* The Oaks – Bellissima
* St Leger Stakes – Symmetry
# Henryk Bąk

Henryk Bąk (2 January 1923 – 29 August 1987) was a Polish actor. He appeared in more than 50 films and television shows between 1952 and 1980.

## Selected filmography

* Eroica (1958)
* Bad Luck (1960)
* Milczące ślady (1961)
* Kwiecień (1961)
* Zacne grzechy (1963)
* Barrier (1966)
# Defying the Rules

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Sputnikmusic | link |
| Sea of Tranquility | link |
| AbsolutePunk.net | link |
Defying the Rules is Hibria's first album, released in 2004. It tells the story of a dystopian future, ruled over by the 'Faceless in Charge' and group of rebels, such as the 'Steel Lord' battling against his forces for a free world.

## Track listing

* "Intro" – 1:56
* "Steel Lord on Wheels" – 3:54
* "Change Your Life Line" – 4:25
* "Millennium Quest" – 6:51
* "A Kingdom to Share" – 5:37
* "Living Under Ice" – 3:45
* "Defying the Rules" – 5:49
* "The Faceless in Charge" – 6:58
* "High Speed Breakout" – 5:01
* "Stare at Yourself" – 7:45
* "Hard Ride" – 3:48 (Pantera cover) (Japanese reissue only)
* "Painted Skies" – 5:14 (Crimson Glory cover) (Japanese reissue only)

## Credits

* Iuri Sanson - Vocals
* Diego Kasper - Guitars, Synth programming
* Abel Camargo - Guitars
* Marco Panichi - Bass
* Savio Sordi - drums
* Piet Sielck - Mixing and Mastering

## Note

The instrumental Intro track is not present on all versions of the album.
* This article about a 2000s power metal album is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Harvey Shapiro

Harvey Shapiro may refer to:
* Harvey Shapiro (cellist) (1911–2007), American cellist
* Harvey Shapiro (poet) (1924–2013), American poet and editor of The New York Times
* Harvey Shapiro (baseball), American baseball coach
# Kuzushi

Kuzushi (崩し:くずし) is a Japanese term for unbalancing an opponent in the Japanese martial arts.
The noun comes from the transitive verb kuzusu (崩す), meaning to level, pull down, destroy or demolish. As such, it refers to not just an unbalancing, but the process of putting an opponent to a position, where stability, and hence the ability to regain uncompromised balance for attacking, is destroyed.
In judo, it is considered an essential principle and the first of three stages to a successful throwing technique: kuzushi, tsukuri (fitting or entering) and kake (execution).
Kuzushi is important to many styles of Japanese martial arts, especially those derived from, or influenced by, Ju Jutsu training methods, such as Judo, Ninjutsu, Aikido, Uechi-ryu karate, Goju-ryu karate, and Wadō-ryū karate.
The methods of effecting kuzushi depend on maai (combative distance) and other circumstances. It can be achieved using tai sabaki (body positioning and weak lines), taking advantage of the opponents actions (push when pulled, pull when pushed), atemi (strikes), or a combination of all three.

## Judo

There are three primary ways of applying kuzushi in judo:
* direct action (e.g. pulling or pushing while entering for a throw);
* inducing opponent's action (e.g. a feint or combination attack);
* direct action by opponent (e.g. a counter throw).