OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dumpy Mama

Dumpy Mama is an album by American jazz saxophonist Sonny Stitt, featuring performances recorded in 1975 for the Flying Dutchman label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
In his review for AllMusic, Scott Yanow stated, "The playing is up to par if not overly memorable".

## Track listing

* "Jason" (Sonny Stitt) - 7:30
* "Danny Boy for Ben" (Traditional) - 4:15
* "Just Friends" (John Klenner, Sam M. Lewis) - 4:16
* "Dumpy Mama" (Oliver Nelson) - 10:05
* "It Might As Well Be Spring" (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II) - 7:00

## Personnel

* Sonny Stitt - tenor saxophone, alto saxophone, arranger
* Frank Strozier - alto saxophone (tracks 1, 3 & 4)
* Pee Wee Ellis - tenor saxophone (tracks 1, 3 & 4)
* Mike Wofford - piano
* Brian Torff - bass (tracks 1 & 3-5)
* Shelly Manne - drums (tracks 1 & 3-5)
* Ray Armando - Latin percussion (track 1, 3 & 4)
# 2014 Trophée des Alpilles – Doubles

Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Konstantin Kravchuk won the title, beating David Guez and Martin Vaïsse 6–1, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$

## Seeds

* Ken Skupski / Neal Skupski (semifinals)
* Sergey Betov / Aliaksandr Bury (quarterfinals)
* Pierre-Hugues Herbert / Konstantin Kravchuk (champions)
* Ruben Bemelmans / Adil Shamasdin (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | K Skupski N Skupski | 7$^9$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Gerasimov H Moriya | 6$^7$ | 4 | 1 | K Skupski N Skupski | 3 | 6 | [15] | | | | | | | | |
| | Erik Crepaldi F Veger | 7 | 6 | | E Crepaldi F Veger | 6 | 3 | [13] | | | | | | | | |
| | G Burquier V Millot | 5 | 4 | | | | | | 1 | K Skupski N Skupski | 3 | 3 | | | | |
| 3 | P-H Herbert K Kravchuk | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 3 | P-H Herbert K Kravchuk | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | M Fischer M Lammer | 2 | 2 | 3 | P-H Herbert K Kravchuk | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | J Kerr F Martin | 6 | 6 | | J Kerr F Martin | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Constantin Belot Noe Khlif | 0 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | 3 | P-H Herbert K Kravchuk | 6 | 7$^7$ |
| | D Guez M Vaïsse | 7$^9$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | D Guez M Vaïsse | 1 | 6$^3$ |
| WC | D Medvedev Vitalii Shcherba | 6$^7$ | 4 | | D Guez M Vaïsse | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | Alexandre Buchner Enguerran Tringali | 4 | 1 | 4 | R Bemelmans A Shamasdin | 1 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | R Bemelmans A Shamasdin | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | D Guez M Vaïsse | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | S Bubka D Molchanov | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | S Bubka D Molchanov | 4 | 3 | | | | |
| | M Chazal Maxime Tchoutakian | 2 | 4 | | S Bubka D Molchanov | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | D Matsukevich A Zverev | 2 | 2 | 2 | S Betov A Bury | 4 | 6 | [6] | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | S Betov A Bury | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# 2022 Patriot League baseball tournament

The 2022 Patriot League baseball tournament took place on consecutive weekends, with the semifinals held on May 14–15 and the finals on May 24–26. The higher seeded teams hosted each best of three series. The winner, Army, earned the conference's automatic bid to the 2022 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

## Seeding

The top four finishers from the regular season are seeded one through four, with the top seed hosting the fourth seed and second seed hosting the third. The visiting team will be designated as the home team in the second game of each series.
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Seed |
| Army | 18 | 7 | .720 | — | 1 |
| Bucknell | 14 | 11 | .560 | 4 | 2 |
| Lehigh | 12 | 13 | .480 | 6 | 3 |
| Holy Cross | 11 | 14 | .440 | 7 | 4 |
| Navy | 10 | 15 | .400 | 8 | — |
| Lafayette | 10 | 15 | .400 | 8 | — |

## Results

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| 1 | Army | 9 | 14 | — | | | | | |
| 4 | Holy Cross | 3 | 2 | — | | | | | |
| 4 | Holy Cross | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | Army | 8 | 3 | 12 |
| | | | | | 2 | Bucknell | 7 | 11 | 2 |
| 2 | Bucknell | 10 | 7 | — | 2 | Bucknell | 7 | 11 | 2 |
| 3 | Lehigh | 8 | 4 | — | | | | | |
# 2023 Budapest Grand Prix

The 2023 Budapest Grand Prix (officially the Hungarian Grand Prix) was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the event, a WTA 250-level tournament on the 2023 WTA Tour. It took place at Római Tennis Academy in Budapest, Hungary, from 17 through 23 July 2023.

## Champions
### Singles

* Maria Timofeeva def. Kateryna Baindl, 6–3, 3–6, 6–0

### Doubles

* Katarzyna Piter / Fanny Stollár def. Jessie Aney / Anna Sisková, 6–2, 4–6, [10–4]

## Singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^†$ | Seed |
| USA | Bernarda Pera | 27 | 1 |
| CHN | Zhang Shuai | 38 | 2 |
| ITA | Camila Giorgi | 48 | 3 |
| KAZ | Yulia Putintseva | 56 | 4 |
| GER | Tatjana Maria | 62 | 5 |
| | Elina Avanesyan | 68 | 6 |
| | Kamilla Rakhimova | 72 | 7 |
| SVK | Anna Karolína Schmiedlová | 77 | 8 |
| ARG | Nadia Podoroska | 80 | 9 |
$^†$ Rankings are as of 3 July 2023

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcard entry into the singles main draw:
* Fanny Stollár
* Natália Szabanin
* Amarissa Tóth
The following players received entry with a protected ranking:
* Kristína Kučová
* Evgeniya Rodina
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Irene Burillo Escorihuela
* Louisa Chirico
* Kaja Juvan
* Astra Sharma
* Anna Sisková
* Kateryna Volodko
The following players received entry as lucky losers:
* Valentini Grammatikopoulou
* Maria Timofeeva

### Withdrawals

* Sorana Cîrstea → replaced by Tamara Korpatsch
* Camila Giorgi → replaced by Valentini Grammatikopoulou
* Anna Kalinskaya → replaced by Carole Monnet
* Kaia Kanepi → replaced by Polina Kudermetova
* Tereza Martincová → replaced by Maria Timofeeva
* Anastasia Potapova → replaced by Rebecca Šramková
* Viktoriya Tomova → replaced by Storm Hunter
* Taylor Townsend → replaced by Tímea Babos

## Doubles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^†$ | Seed |
| KAZ | Anna Danilina | NOR | Ulrikke Eikeri | 68 | 1 |
| HUN | Anna Bondár | CHN | Zhang Shuai | 86 | 2 |
| HUN | Tímea Babos | | Alexandra Panova | 130 | 3 |
| USA | Angela Kulikov | USA | Sabrina Santamaria | 130 | 4 |
† Rankings are as of 3 July 2023

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcard entry into main draw:
* Adrienn Nagy / Amarissa Tóth
* Rebeka Stolmár / Natália Szabanin
# 1942 in philosophy

1942 in philosophy

## Events

* American Society for Aesthetics was founded in 1942.

## Publications

* C. S. Lewis, The Screwtape Letters (1942)
* Stephen Pepper, World Hypotheses (1942)

### Philosophical literature

* Albert Camus, The Stranger (1942)

## Births

* January 24 - Melvin Fitting, American logician
* February 24 - Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
* March 28 - Daniel Dennett
* April 12 - Ellen Meiksins Wood (died 2016)
* April 22 - Giorgio Agamben
* April 26 - John Deely
* October 21 - Paul Churchland
* December 11 Derek Parfit (died 2017)
* John McDowell (unspecified) (born 1942)

## Deaths

* February 22 - Stefan Zweig (born 1881)
* April 15 - Robert Musil (born 1880)
* December 21 - Franz Boas (born 1858)
# Electric Avenue (TV series)

Part of the BBC Computer Literacy Project, Electric Avenue was a late-night TV Series starting with an initial 10-episode series in 1988. The show followed Micro Live and was presented by Fred Harris.

## Programmes

The first series was split into 10 programmes, each about 24 minutes long and dealing with a particular subject area. They were as follows (original air-dates in brackets):
* The By-Product - (24 October 1988)
* The Machine - (31 October 1988)
* Well Connected - (7 November 1988)
* What Next? - (14 November 1988)
* New Directions - (28 November 1988)
* Chips and Drumsticks - (5 December 1988)
* Housewives Choice? - (12 December 1988)
* Money Talks - (9 January 1989)
* Safety First - (16 January 1989)
* The Design Machine - (23 January 1989)
In 1990 a second series aired, with 5 further episodes:
* Computing the President - (15 January 1990)
* The Experts' Expert - (22 January 1990)
* Computers Can't Go Wrong, Can They? - (29 January 1990)
* Computers: A Cautionary Tale - (5 February 1990)
* Home Bleep Home - (12 February 1990)
# Dražen Bošnjaković

Dražen Bošnjaković (born 6 January 1961) is a Croatian politician who had served as the Minister of Justice in the cabinet of Andrej Plenković from 2017 to 2020.

## Early life and education

Bošnjaković was born in Vukovar in 1961. He lived in Ilok until he was eighteen. He was a good student, and after finishing high school he went to Zagreb and studied at the Law faculty.

## Career

On beginning his career Bošnjaković worked in the Council of Ivanić Grad, and from 1993 until 1997 he was a secretary in Sisak-Moslavina County. After that he started his own law firm and worked as a lawyer until entering into politics. He became a member of the Croatian Parliament on December 23, 2003, and served until January 11, 2008. From 2008, he was a state secretary in the Ministry of Justice of Republic of Croatia, and he is a member of the Central Committee of Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ). He is vice-president of the County Committee of HDZ of Zagreb County for then years.

## Other activities

* Academy of European Law (ERA), Member of the Governing Board

## Personal life

He is married and he is father of three children. He speaks English, and his hobbies are biking, skiing, and tennis.
# Dumortierite

Dumortierite is a fibrous variably colored aluminium boro-silicate mineral, Al$_7$BO$_3$(SiO$_4$)$_3$O$_3$. Dumortierite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system typically forming fibrous aggregates of slender prismatic crystals. The crystals are vitreous and vary in color from brown, blue, and green to more rare violet and pink. Substitution of iron and other tri-valent elements for aluminium result in the color variations. It has a Mohs hardness of 7 and a specific gravity of 3.3 to 3.4. Crystals show pleochroism from red to blue to violet. Dumortierite quartz is blue colored quartz containing abundant dumortierite inclusions.
Dumortierite was first described in 1881 for an occurrence in Chaponost, in the Rhône-Alps of France and named for the French paleontologist Eugène Dumortier (1803–1873). It typically occurs in high temperature aluminium rich regional metamorphic rocks, those resulting from contact metamorphism and also in boron rich pegmatites. The most extensive investigation on dumortierite was done on samples from the high grade metamorphic Gfohl unit in Austria by Fuchs et al. (2005).
It is used in the manufacture of high grade porcelain. It is sometimes mistaken for sodalite and has been used as imitation lapis lazuli.
Sources of Dumortierite include Austria, Brazil, Canada, France, Italy, Madagascar, Namibia, Nevada, Norway, Peru, Poland, Russia, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka.
# List of number-one hits of 1989 (Flanders)

These hits topped the Ultratop 50 in the Flanders region of Belgium in 1989.
| Date | Artist | Title |
| January 7 | Enya | "Orinoco Flow" |
| January 14 | Michael Jackson | "Smooth Criminal" |
| January 21 | Robin Beck | "First Time" |
| January 28 | Robin Beck | "First Time" |
| February 4 | Gloria Estefan and Miami Sound Machine | "Can't Stay Away From You" |
| February 11 | Gloria Estefan and Miami Sound Machine | "Can't Stay Away From You" |
| February 18 | Roy Orbison | "You Got It" |
| February 25 | Roy Orbison | "You Got It" |
| March 4 | Roy Orbison | "You Got It" |
| March 11 | Roy Orbison | "You Got It" |
| March 18 | Roy Orbison | "You Got It" |
| March 25 | Samantha Fox | "I Only Wanna Be With You" |
| April 1 | Samantha Fox | "I Only Wanna Be With You" |
| April 8 | Madonna | "Like a Prayer" |
| April 15 | Madonna | "Like a Prayer" |
| April 22 | Madonna | "Like a Prayer" |
| April 29 | Madonna | "Like a Prayer" |
| May 6 | Madonna | "Like a Prayer" |
| May 13 | The Bangles | "Eternal Flame" |
| May 20 | The Bangles | "Eternal Flame" |
| May 27 | The Bangles | "Eternal Flame" |
| June 3 | The Bangles | "Eternal Flame" |
| June 10 | The Bangles | "Eternal Flame" |
| June 17 | Clouseau | "Anne" |
| June 24 | Rocco Granata & The Carnations | "Marina (Remix 89)" |
| July 1 | Rocco Granata & The Carnations | "Marina (Remix 89)" |
| July 8 | Rocco Granata & The Carnations | "Marina (Remix 89)" |
| July 15 | Rocco Granata & The Carnations | "Marina (Remix 89)" |
| July 22 | Rocco Granata & The Carnations | "Marina (Remix 89)" |
| July 29 | Gerard Joling | "No More Boleros" |
| August 5 | Gerard Joling | "No More Boleros" |
| August 12 | Gerard Joling | "No More Boleros" |
| August 19 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| August 26 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| September 2 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| September 9 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| September 16 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| September 23 | Kaoma | "Lambada" |
| September 30 | Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers | "Swing The Mood" |
| October 7 | Jive Bunny and the Mastermixers | "Swing The Mood" |
| October 14 | Technotronic | "Pump Up the Jam" |
| October 21 | Technotronic | "Pump Up the Jam" |
| October 28 | Technotronic | "Pump Up the Jam" |
| November 4 | Sydney Youngblood | "If Only I Could" |
| November 11 | Sydney Youngblood | "If Only I Could" |
| November 18 | Sydney Youngblood | "If Only I Could" |
| November 25 | Sydney Youngblood | "If Only I Could" |
| December 2 | Milli Vanilli | "Girl I'm Gonna Miss You" |
| December 9 | Milli Vanilli | "Girl I'm Gonna Miss You" |
| December 16 | Milli Vanilli | "Girl I'm Gonna Miss You" |
| December 23 | Phil Collins | "Another Day in Paradise" |
| December 30 | Phil Collins | "Another Day in Paradise" |
# Hiji Castle

Hiji Castle (日出城, Hiji-jō), also known as Yōkoku Castle, Aoyagi Castle, and Ukitsu Castle, was a castle located in Hiji, Ōita Prefecture, Japan. The construction of the castle began in 1601, under Kinoshita Nobutoshi's orders, when he was transferred to Hiji from Himeji. The castle was designed by Nobutoshi's brother-in-law, Hosokawa Tadaoki. It held a strategic location, as it overlooked Beppu Bay. The castle was destroyed after the Hiji Domain was abolished during the Meiji era. Today, the castle's ruins (all that remains are the stone walls and the Sumi yagura) are a park, though Hiji Elementary School is also located on the grounds.
# Hipcrime

Hipcrime may refer to:
* The Hipcrime Vocab, a fictional book in the 1968 novel Stand on Zanzibar
* Hipcrime (Usenet), a notorious Usenet vandal, and the software presumably written by this individual.
# Duke Kao of Lu

Duke Kao of Lu (died 994 BC or 995 BC), personal name Ji Qiu, was the second duke of the Lu state, a dynastic vassal state of the Zhou dynasty. He was a son of Bo Qin (Duke Tai), the founding duke. Ruling for four years, he was succeeded by his younger brother, Duke Yang. His reign began in either 998 BC or 997 BC, the one-year discrepancy due to the Records of the Grand Historian giving Duke Wu's reign as ten years in one chapter and nine years in another.
# Achuguayo

Achuguayo is the god of the Moon in Guanche religion in Tenerife. He was the duality of Magec (god of the sun). He was also called the "Father of Time", as he was in charge of regulating time.
# Duldzin Dragpa Gyaltsen

Duldzin Dragpa Gyaltsen (1374-1434), the first Kyorlung Ngari Tulku, was one of the principal disciples of Je Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelugpa school of Tibetan Buddhism.
Duldzin Dragpa Gyaltsen is renowned for his strict adherence to the Vinaya or Buddhist monastic code as well as for his survey of the Sarvadurgatipariśodhana Tantra.
Dragpa Gyaltsen was the founder of Tsunmo Tsal (btsun mo tshal) monastery in Tagtse Dzong (stag rtse rdzong), Central Tibet.
His students included Jamyang Choje Tashi Palden (1379-1449), the founder of Drepung Monastery, and most of the other important Gelug masters of the time.

## Subsequent re-births

* Charchen Chödrak (ཆར་ཆེན་ཆོས་གྲགས་)
* Panchen Sönam Drakpa (པཎ་ཆེན་བསོད་ནམས་གྲགས་པ་) [1478—1554]
* Sönam Yéshé Wangpo (བསོད་ནམས་ཡེ་ཤེས་དབང་པོ་)
* Ngakwang Sönam Gélek Pelzang (ངག་དབང་བསོད་ནམས་དགེ་ལེགས་དཔལ་བཟང་)
* Tulku Drakpa Gyeltsen (སྤྲུལ་སྐུ་གྲགས་པ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་)
* Ngakwang Jinpa Jamyang Tenpé Gyeltsen (ངག་དབང་སྦྱིན་པ་འཇམ་དབྱངས་བསྟན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་)
* Lozang Tashi (བློ་བཟང་བཀྲ་ཤིས་)
* Lozang Gélek Drakpa (བློ་བཟང་དགེ་ལེགས་གྲགས་པ་)
* Lozang Jikmé Tenpé Gyeltsen (བློ་བཟང་འཇིགས་མེད་བསྟན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་)
* Ngakwang Tsültrim Tenpé Gyeltsen (ངག་དབང་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་བསྟན་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་)
* Khédrup Tendzin Chökyi Nyima (མཁས་གྲུབ་བསྟན་འཛིན་ཆོས་ཀྱི་ཉི་མ་)
* Ngakwang Lozang Khédrup Tendzin Gyatso (ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་མཁས་གྲུབ་བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་)
* Tendzin Chögyel (བསྟན་འཛིན་ཆོས་རྒྱལ་) [b.1946]

## Works

* dul ba'i bslab bya chen mo -on the Vinaya rules of monastic discipline.
* kun rig rnam bshad - a survey of the Sarvadurgatipariśodhana Tantra
# List of number-one hits of 1989 (Italy)

This is a list of the number-one hits of 1989 on Italian Hit Parade Singles Chart.
| Issue Date | Song | Artist(s) |
| January 7 | "C'è da spostare una macchina" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| January 14 | "C'è da spostare una macchina" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| January 22 | "C'è da spostare una macchina" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| January 28 | "C'è da spostare una macchina" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| February 4 | "C'è da spostare una macchina" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| February 11 | "051/222525" | "Fabio Concato" |
| February 18 | "051/222525" | "Fabio Concato" |
| February 25 | "051/222525" | "Fabio Concato" |
| March 4 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| March 11 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| March 18 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| March 25 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| April 1 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| April 8 | "Esatto" | "Francesco Salvi" |
| April 15 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| April 22 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| April 29 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| May 6 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| May 13 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| May 20 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| May 27 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| June 3 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| June 10 | "Like a Prayer" | "Madonna" |
| June 17 | "When the Night Comes" | "Joe Cocker" |
| June 24 | "Express Yourself" | "Madonna" |
| July 1 | "When the Night Comes" | "Joe Cocker" |
| July 8 | "Express Yourself" | "Madonna" |
| July 15 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| July 22 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| July 29 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| August 5 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| August 12 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| August 19 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| August 26 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| September 2 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| September 9 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| September 16 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| September 23 | "Viva la mamma" | "Edoardo Bennato" |
| September 30 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| October 7 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| October 14 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| October 21 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| October 28 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| November 4 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| November 11 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| November 18 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| November 25 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| December 2 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| December 9 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| December 16 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| December 23 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
| December 30 | "Lambada" | "Kaoma" |
# Limonin-D-ring-lactonase

The enzyme limonin-D-ring-lactonase (EC 3.1.1.36) catalyzes the reaction
    limonoate D-ring-lactone + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ limonoate
This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is limonoate-D-ring-lactone lactonohydrolase. Other names in common use include limonin-D-ring-lactone hydrolase, and limonin lactone hydrolase.
# 2016 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 500 m

The women's 500 meter at the 2016 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Monday 28 December 2015. Although this edition was held in 2015, it was part of the 2015–2016 speed skating season.
There were 20 participants, with one withdrawal, who raced twice over 500m so that all skaters had to start once in the inner lane and once in the outer lane. There was a qualification selection incentive for the next following 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.
Title holder was Margot Boer.

## Overview

Source:
# Duke of Earl

"Duke of Earl" is a 1962 US number-one song, originally recorded by Gene Chandler. It is the best known of Chandler's songs, and he subsequently dubbed himself "The Duke of Earl". The song was written by Chandler, Bernice Williams, and Earl Edwards. This song was a 2002 inductee into the Grammy Hall of Fame. It has also been selected by The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.

## Original version by Gene Chandler

The song originated from warm-up exercises by the Dukays, a vocal group that included Chandler (under his original name, Eugene Dixon) and Earl Edwards and that had already had some success on the R&B chart. The group would regularly warm up by singing "Do do do do..." in different keys. On one occasion, Dixon changed the syllables he was singing to include Earl's name, and the chant gradually became the nonsense words "Du..du..du..Duke of Earl". The pair worked on the song with regular songwriter and mentor Bernice Williams, and then recorded it at Universal Recording Corporation in Chicago with the other members of the Dukays. Musicians on the record included Floyd Morris on piano, Lefty Bates, Phil Upchurch and Kermit Chandler on guitar, Al Duncan on drums, and Cliff Davis and John Board on sax.
However, the Dukays' record label chose instead to release "Nite Owl," offering Dixon the option of releasing "Duke of Earl" as a solo artist. Dixon changed his name to Gene Chandler (a surname taken from that of the actor Jeff Chandler), and the song was released at the end of 1961. "Duke of Earl" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart on January 13, 1962, quickly rising to become number one on both the pop and R&B charts. The song held the number-one spot for three weeks, and was on the Hot 100 for a total of 15 weeks.

## Cover versions

The Pearlettes, a girl group, released a cover of the song (as "Duchess of Earl") in 1962, reaching No. 96 on the Billboard chart. In early 1962, an answer song to Chandler's hit, by Bobbie Smith and the Dream Girls, was also titled "Duchess of Earl". Despite having the same title, the two songs have different music and lyrics.
Another cover was recorded by the UK doo-wop outfit Darts in 1979. It reached No. 6 in the UK Singles Chart.
In 1988, an Australian harmony group dubbed 'Dukes of Earlwood featuring Armondo Hurley' reached No. 12 in Australia with their cover of the song. This version's success followed the popularity of a TV commercial for Decoré Shampoo which featured an adaptation of "Duke of Earl" as its jingle.
Frank Black also recorded a cover version of the song, which was featured on a four-song CD released by the Hello CD of the Month Club in November 1993.