OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hermann Escarrá

Hermann Eduardo Escarrá Malave (born 8 April 1952) is a Venezuelan lawyer, university professor and political analyst. He was a member of the National Constituent Assembly since 2017.

## Political history
### Education and opposition to Bolivarian government

Graduated with honors from the faculty of law of the Central University of Venezuela, Escarrá was previously a member of the COPEI party. After the victory of Hugo Chávez in the 1998 elections, he became a member of the 1999 Constituent National Assembly representing the Fifth Republic Movement.
Unlike his brother Carlos Escarrá, who was a militant of the ruling party, Escarrá strongly criticized Chavez in the coming years, filing appeals in the Supreme Tribunal of Justice against the president's actions, calling to ignore the government in December 2007 with a march to return to Miraflores, calling for an indefinite strike as parliamentarian after the expropriations in the South of the Lake of 2010, and describing in 2010 the Communes Law and the Communal Parliament as "a coup d'etat to the Constitution."

### Support of the Bolivarian government

In September 2012, Escarrá made harsh criticisms of a supposed government plan that was attributed to Henrique Capriles and the campaign command of the Democratic Unity Roundtable. The opposition candidate declared that the documents and program made public by VTV and criticized by Escarrá were false and were not part of his campaign promise. These statements coincided with that of other political figures of the opposition and the support of President Hugo Chávez, thus generating an approach between both. Estas declaraciones coincidieron con la de otras figuras políticas de la oposición y el apoyo del presidente Chávez, generando así un acercamiento entre ambos.
After Nicolás Maduro was elected as the new president of Venezuela in April 2013, he served as an adviser and collaborator on constitutional issues; He has been named member of the dialogue tables with the opposition and of the Truth, Justice and Peace Commission. During the counting of signatures of the stage of promotion of the presidential referendum of Venezuela from 2016–2017, he was a legal consultant to the governmental commission for the recall.
Following the 2017 Venezuelan Constituent Assembly election, Escarrá is currently a member of the presidential commission for the 2017 National Constituent Assembly for the circuit of Guatire, Miranda. In October of the same year, Escarrá proposed to the new Venezuelan constitution of Venezuela to punish citizens who commit treason against the fatherland.

## Sanctions

On 9 August 2017, the United States Department of the Treasury placed sanctions on Escarrá for his position in the Presidential Commission in the 2017 Constituent Assembly of Venezuela.
Months later, Canada sanctioned Escarrá on 22 September 2017 due to alleged "rupture of Venezuela's constitutional order."
On 29 March 2018, Escarrá was sanctioned by the Panamanian government for his alleged involvement with "money laundering, financing of terrorism and financing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction".
# Het Wonderlijke leven van Willem Parel

Het Wonderlijke leven van Willem Parel is a 1955 Dutch comedy film directed by Gerard Rutten. It revolves around Wim Sonneveld's comedy character Willem Parel.

## Cast

* Wim Sonneveld ... Wim Sonneveld / Willem Parel
* Peronne Hosang ... Hermine Toets van Slinderen
* Femke Boersma ... Angèle (as Femke Talma)
* Hans Kaart ... Huipie
* Herbert Joeks ... Directeur van Radio Omroep 'De Windwijzer'
* Bert van der Linden
* Joop Doderer ... De Groninger
* Rijk de Gooyer ... Pianist
* Thom Kelling ... De Hagenaar
* Ben Aerden
* Jan Apon ... Rechercheur
* Philippe La Chapelle
* Dina Diependaal
* J. Ellerbrak
* Frits Engels
* Will Hollenga barman
# Heiberg

Heiberg is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:
Surname:
* Anders Michael Heiberg (1767–1815), Norwegian jurist and politician
* Anton Heiberg (1878–1947), Norwegian stage instructor and theatre director
* Astrid Nøklebye Heiberg (1936–2020), Norwegian politician
* Axel Heiberg (1848–1932), Norwegian diplomat, financier, and patron
* Axel Heiberg (judge) (1908–1988), Norwegian judge
* Bernt Heiberg (1909–2001), Norwegian architect
* Chris Heiberg (born 1985), South African rugby player
* Christen Heiberg (civil servant) (1737–1801), Norwegian civil servant
* Christen Heiberg (physician) (1799–1872), Norwegian surgeon
* Edvard Heiberg (1911–2000), Norwegian engineer and railway director
* Eivind Heiberg (1870–1939), Norwegian engineer and railway director
* Elvin R. Heiberg III (1932– 2013), U.S. army general and engineer
* Erik Heiberg (1916–1996), Norwegian sailor and Olympic medalist
* Gerhard Heiberg (born 1939), Norwegian industrialist and International Olympic Committee organizer for the 1994 Winter Olympics
* Gunnar Heiberg (1857–1929), Norwegian poet, playwright, journalist, and theatre critic
* Gustav Adolf Lammers Heiberg (1875–1948), Norwegian barrister and politician
* Gustav Heiberg (1856–1935), Norwegian barrister and politician
* Hans Heiberg (1904–1978), Norwegian journalist, critic, essayist, novelist, and playwright
* Hjalmar Heiberg (1837–1897), Norwegian physician and anatomist
* Inge Heiberg (1861–1920), Norwegian physician and Belgian Congo official
* Jacob Vilhelm Rode Heiberg (1860–1946), Danish politician
* Jean Heiberg (1884–1976), Norwegian artist and professor
* Johan Ludvig Heiberg (historian) (1854–1928), Danish philologist and historian
* Johan Ludvig Heiberg (poet) (1791–1860), Danish poet and critic
* Johanne Luise Heiberg (1812–1890), Danish actress
* Kirsten Heiberg (1907–1976), Norwegian actress and singer
* Marianne Heiberg (1945–2004), Norwegian social scientist, economist, and UN official
* Peter Andreas Heiberg (1758–1841), Danish author and philologist
* Sverre Heiberg (1912–1991), Norwegian photographer
* Svend O. Heiberg (1900–1965), Danish-American forester
* Thomasine Heiberg (1773–1856), Danish author (see: Thomasine Christine Gyllembourg-Ehrensvärd)
Given name:
* Axel Heiberg Stang (1904–1974), Norwegian landowner and forester
* Johan Widing Heiberg Landmark (1802–1878), Norwegian jurist and politician
* Margrete Heiberg Bose (1866–1952), Argentine physicist of Danish origin
# Licentiate of Arts

The Licentiate of Arts is a degree roughly equivalent to the completion of half the coursework required for a doctoral dissertation in arts. The academic degree licentiate exists in various European countries. The University of Art and Design Helsinki acknowledges the degree Licentiate of Arts.
* This article relating to education in Europe is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# 10th century in Denmark

The 10th century in Denmark saw the emergence of the country into historical records and the conversion of the country to Christianity. The 950s are when the first records of the state of Denmark (Tan-marker) appeared.

## Monarchs

* Gorm the Old, 940–958
* Harald Bluetooth, 940–986
* Sweyn Forkbeard, 986–1014

## Events

910s
* 911 – The Vikings settle in Normandy
940s
* 940 – Around this year, Harald Bluetooth becomes king, ruling with his father Gorm the Old. Bluetooth will later impose Christianity on his people.
* 942 – William I, Duke of Normandy offers asylum to Harald, and restores him to his throne by force. William I is assassinated later that year. However, the "Haigrold" described by the chronicler was possibly King Harald Greycloak of Norway or different Viking.
* 947 – The Norwegian Eric Bloodaxe is elected King of York. He is deposed when the English king Eadred marches north, and flees to Denmark.
* 949 – Eric Bloodaxe returns from Denmark to England. He will be killed in battle in 952.
950s
* 950 – Gorm the Old conquers most of Denmark.
* 950 – Denmark under Gorm's son Harald Bluetooth conquers Norway.
* 958 – Gorm the Old dies and Harald Bluetooth becomes sole king, succeeding his father.
960s
* c. 965 – Harald Bluetooth raises the larger Jelling Stone, taking credit for the unification of Denmark and Christianizing the Danes.
* 965 – Tartushi visits Hedeby.
970s
* 970 – the wedding of Harald Bluetooth and Tove of the Obotrites
* 974 – Hedeby falls to the Holy Roman Empire
* 975 – Harald Bluetooth tries to force Christianity upon Haakon Sigurdsson, who then turns against him.
980s
* 980s – Viking raids against England resume during the minority of Æthelred the Unready.
* 980 – Struggling to unite Denmark, Harald Bluetooth builds at least four large circular forts around this time.
* 980 – Harald Bluetooth builds the first church in Zealand at Roskilde.
* 983 – Hedeby returns to Denmark from the Holy Roman Empire.
* 984 – The ladies of Denmark give their gold and silver ornaments to the Jutlanders in exchange for the release of Sweyn Forkbeard.
* 987 – Eric the Victorious, king of Sweden, expels Sweyn Forkbeard.
* 988 – First known mention of Odense in writing.
* 988 – Sweyn seizes power from his father, Harald Bluetooth.

## Births

* c. 910 – Gunnhild, Mother of Kings (died c. 980 in Orkney)
* c. 948 – Valtoke Gormsson (died 986 in Sweden)
* c. 960 – Sweyn Forkbeard (died 1014 in England)
* c. 990 – Cnut the Great (died 1035 in England)
* c. 997 – Harald II of Denmark (died c. 1018)

## Deaths

* c. 958 – Gorm the Old (born before 900)
* c. 988 – Reginbrand
# Hillingdon Civic Centre

Hillingdon Civic Centre is a municipal building in the High Street, Uxbridge. The civic centre, which is the headquarters of Hillingdon London Borough Council, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The old Uxbridge Urban District Council had acquired a house called Southfields at 265 High Street in 1927 and converted it to be its offices and meeting place, having previously met in a council chamber on the upper floors of Uxbridge Market House. Middlesex County Council built itself an office building adjoining Southfields in 1939 which also included a library and clinic, with plans to later extend the building onto the site of Southfields to include a town hall and municipal offices for Uxbridge Urban District Council too.
With the outbreak of the Second World War the plans for further buildings on the site were not pursued. Uxbridge became a municipal borough in 1955, and the borough council continued to be based at Southfields until it was replaced in 1965 by the London Borough of Hillingdon. Following the creation of the London borough in 1965, civic leaders decided to procure a purpose-built civic centre. They resurrected plans to build on the site of Southfields, also incorporating the 1939 Middlesex County Council building.
The new building, which was designed by Andrew Derbyshire, was acclaimed as one of the most famous buildings in the British neo-vernacular style. It was planned from 1970 and the construction work, which was undertaken by Higgs and Hill at a cost of £5.6 million, started in January 1973. It opened in stages from 1976 with a formal opening by the chairman of the British Airports Authority, Norman Payne, on 28 April 1979.
Derbyshire's design envisaged a diamond-shaped building to the west containing the offices of the council officers and their departments and a more irregular-shaped building to the east containing the public areas including the council chamber, the civic suite and register office. The main frontage to the public areas, facing onto the High Street, featured a loggia with eight entrances and a steep roof, with a two-storey block with a clock tower behind. The design made extensive use of brick and tile, to pay homage to traditional homely brick architecture of nearby buildings and suburban developments that were "indigenous to the borough". It was designated a Grade II Listed Building in April 2018.
Despite its listed status, the building has had a mixed reception from architectural critics. In his 2012 essay Post Modernism to Ghost Modernism Jonathan Meades argued the building was symbolic of the political climate of its era and highlighted it as an early example of a more populist, conservative style of architecture which aspired to be inoffensive but instead came across as patronising. He concluded that “the proudly vaunting philistinism which has afflicted Britain for three decades found its first architectural expression at Hillingdon.”
A distinctive yew wood sculpture, designed by John Phillips, made up of fourteen pieces of wood suspended on a wire rope, was hung in the stairwell leading up to council chamber.
# Geissorhiza melanthera

Geissorhiza melanthera is a small perennial plant of 14–18 cm high that is assigned to the family Iridaceae. It survives the dry southern summer through storage of its resources in a corm. The stem carries two or three erect, sticky leaves of up to 18 cm (7 in) long, H-shaped in cross-section. This species blooms with six to twelve bilaterally symmetrical flowers, in a spike. Sometimes the spike has one side branch with fewer flowers. Each flower has six pale beige perianth lobes, a purple-red ring around a purple red tube and three blackish stamens. Each flower is subtended by two 1.25–2.25 cm long green bracts. This species flowers from the end of September till mid October. It is an endemic of the western slopes of the Piketberg mountains in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

## Taxonomy

The species was described in a publication in 2013 by South African botanists Peter Goldblatt and John Manning. It belongs to the section Engysiphon.

## Ecology

The bee fly Megapalpus capensis is the only species that has been observed visiting the flowers of Geissorhiza melanthera. Remarkably, G. melanthera is the only Iridaceae known to be pollinated by a bee fly. Megapalpus capensis is also known to visit several Pelargonium species, all of which have white, cream or pale pink petals with blackish markings and mostly dark anthers. Gorteria diffusa that is visited by the same bee fly species often has dark spots on some or all of its yellow or orange ray florets, that closely mimic the bee fly's appearance. The species grows in deep sandy soils, on gentle slopes facing south, in an ecosystem called Leipoldtville Sand Fynbos.

## Conservation

Geissorhiza melanthera is known from only two locations, one of which has been requested to allow to reclaim it for the cultivation of rooibos. It is therefore considered endangered.
# Gilia tenuiflora

Gilia tenuiflora is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name greater yellowthroat gilia. It is endemic to California, where its distribution spans the central coast and coastal mountains, as well as the Channel Islands.
There are several subspecies, including G. c. ssp. arenaria, the sand gilia or Monterey gilia, which is federally listed as an endangered species. It is known from about 24 occurrences around Monterey Bay. Hoffmann's slender-flowered gilia, ssp. hoffmannii, is also federally endangered and is limited to Santa Rosa Island, one of the Channel Islands of California.

## Description

The multibranched stem emerges from a basal rosette of leaves, each leaf divided into long, straight leaflets. The flower is lavender with a long stigma protruding from the throat. Despite the flower's common name, the throat is generally not yellow in color, but purple to white.
# Les Deux Pigeons

Les Deux Pigeons can refer to:
* The Two Pigeons, a fable by Jean de la Fontaine
* Les Deux Pigeons (ballet) with music by André Messager and a libretto based on the fable
# 2013 in Mexican television

This is a list of Mexican television related events from 2013.

## Events

* 15 December - Marcos Razo wins the third season of La Voz... México.

## Television shows
### 1970s

* Plaza Sésamo (1972–present)

### 2010s

* La Voz... México (2011–present)
# Libya at the 2004 Summer Paralympics

Libya competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece. They were represented by 2 sportspeople, neither of whom won a medal. Libya participated in their third Paralympic Games in Athens, sending their smallest delegation to date at the time. but won no medals.

## Sports
### Powerlifting
#### Men

| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Abdelsalam Gharsa | 60kg | 162.5 | 6 |

#### Women

| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Sahar Elgnemi | 75kg | 80.0 | 6 |
# Heteropodatoxin

Heteropodatoxins are peptide toxins from the venom of the giant crab spider Heteropoda venatoria, which block Kv4.2 voltage-gated potassium channels.

## Sources

Heteropodatoxins are purified from the venom of the giant crab spider, Heteropoda venatoria.

## Chemistry

Heteropodatoxins contain an Inhibitor Cystine Knot (ICK) motif, which consist of a compact disulfide-bonded core, from which four loops emerge. There are three different heteropodatoxins:
* heteropodatoxin-1, also known as Toxin AU3/KJ5 or HpTx1
* heteropodatoxin-2, also known as Toxin KJ6 or HpTx2
* heteropodatoxin-3, also known as Toxin AU5C/KJ7 or HpTx3
These three toxins are structurally similar peptides of 29-32 amino acids. They show sequence similarity to Hanatoxins, which can be isolated from the venom of the Chilean rose tarantula Grammostola rosea.

## Target

Heteropodatoxins block A-type, transient voltage-gated potassium channels. All three toxins have been shown to block the potassium channel Kv4.2. Recombinant heteropodatoxin-2 blocks the potassium channels Kv4.1, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3, but not Kv1.4, Kv2.1, or Kv3.4.

## Mode of action

Heterpodatoxin-2 most likely acts as a gating modifier of the Kv4.2 channels. It shifts the voltage dependence of the activation and the inactivation of the Kv4.3 potassium channel to more positive values. As a result, in the presence of the toxin this channel has a higher probability of being inactivated and a larger depolarization is needed to open the channel. However, heterpodatoxin-2 did not affect the voltage dependence of the Kv4.1 channel, suggesting that the precise mechanism of block remains to be elucidated, and a role as a pore blocker cannot be excluded. The voltage dependence of Kv4.2 block varies among the three different heteropodatoxins. It is less voltage dependent for HpTx1 than for HpTx2 or HpTx3.

## Toxicity

The giant crab spider can cause a locally painful bite.
# 106th Field Battery, Royal Australian Artillery

The 106th Field Battery was an artillery battery unit of the Royal Australian Artillery. The battery was formed in 1966 and served two tours during the Vietnam War before being disbanded in 1976.
The battery was re-raised as 106th Battery on 5 December 2014 as part of 4th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery.

## History

Formed in December 1966 at Wacol, Queensland as part of the 4th Field Regiment.
The battery left for its first tour of Vietnam between April 1967 and March 1968. The second tour of duty of Vietnam was between February 1970 and January 1971.
Reformed in the mid 70's to conducts gun trials for the replacement of the BL 5.5 inch Medium Gun.
In 2014, 106th Battery was re-raised in 4th Regiment to support 2nd Cavalry Regiment which had relocated from Robertson Barracks in Darwin to Lavarack Barracks in Townsville under Plan Beersheba.

## Citations

* 1 2 Hill, Lt Col Damian (2015). "Evolution of 4th Regiment 2008 – 2015 & Beyond" (PDF). The Royal Australian Artillery Liaison Letter. No. Autumn. Puckapunyal: Deputy Head of Regiment. p. 54-56. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
* ↑ "4th Regiment". Australian Army. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 16 January 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
* ↑ "106th Field Battery". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
* ↑ "2nd Cavalry Regiment farewells Darwin". Department of Defence (Press release). 31 October 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
# Kruppel like factor 16

Kruppel like factor 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF16 gene.
# Justice Livermore

Justice Livermore may refer to:
* Arthur Livermore (1766–1853), associate justice and chief justice of the Superior Court of New Hampshire
* Samuel Livermore (1732–1803), chief justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court
# 2020 NCAA football bowl games

In college football, 2020 NCAA football bowl games may refer to:
* 2019–20 NCAA football bowl games, for games played in January 2020 as part of the 2019 season.
* 2020–21 NCAA football bowl games, for games played in December 2020 as part of the 2020 season.
# (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.75) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ aminoacetone + NADH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol and NAD$^+$, whereas its 3 products are aminoacetone, NADH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol:NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include L-aminopropanol dehydrogenase, 1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD$^+$ dehydrogenase, L($^+$)-1-aminopropan-2-ol:NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase, 1-aminopropan-2-ol-dehydrogenase, DL-1-aminopropan-2-ol: NAD$^+$ dehydrogenase, and L($^+$)-1-aminopropan-2-ol-NAD$^+$/NADP$^+$ oxidoreductase. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. It requires potassium as a cofactor.
# Heteropodagrion sanguinipes

Heteropodagrion sanguinipes is a species of damselfly in the family Thaumatoneuridae. It is found in South America.
The IUCN conservation status of Heteropodagrion sanguinipes is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2016.