# Electoral history of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

* This article is part of a series aboutRecep Tayyip Erdoğan
Early life and career
Electoral history
Public image
Honors
Political views
Foreign policy
2023 vision
Erdoğanism
Parties
National Salvation Party
Welfare Party
Virtue Party
Justice and Development Party
Elections
1994
2002
2007
2011
2014
2018
2023
Cabinets
First cabinet
Second cabinet
Third cabinet
Fourth cabinet
Fifth cabinet
Prime Minister of Turkey
Premiership
Foreign policy
Foreign trips
Civil–military ties
Diyarbakır speech
2007 constitutional referendum
2010 constitutional referendum
Democratic initiative
Gezi park protests
2013 corruption scandal
President of Turkey
Presidency
Foreign trips
2014 presidential campaign
2016 coup attempt
Purges
2017 referendum
2018 presidential campaign
Economic crisis
COVID-19 pandemic
Poem controversy
2023 earthquake
2023 presidential campaign
This Song Doesn't End Here
A Fairer World Is Possible
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Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was a Mayor of Istanbul and is the 1st leader of the Justice and Development Party and the 25th Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey. He has been involved in many elections on local, leadership and nationwide stage since his first election to the Grand National Assembly in 1986.

## Local elections, 1994

| Candidate | Party | Percentage | Votes |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Welfare Party | 25.19 | 973,704 |
| İlhan Kesici | Motherland Party | 22.14 | 855,897 |
| Zülfü Livaneli | Social Democratic Populist Party | 20.30 | 784,693 |
| Bedrettin Dalan | True Path Party | 15.46 | 597,461 |
| Zekeriya Temizel | Democratic Left Party | 12.38 | 478,612 |
| Unknown | Nationalist Movement Party | 1.87 | 72,121 |
| Ertuğrul Günay | Republican People's Party | 1.40 | 54,028 |
| Unknown | Great Union Party | 0.35 | 13,662 |
| Unknown | Nation Party | 0.31 | 12,294 |
| Unknown | Rebirth Party | 0.21 | 7,979 |
| Unknown | Socialist Union Party | 0.18 | 7,075 |
| Unknown | Workers' Party | 0.13 | 5,215 |

## General election, 2002

| Leader | Party | Party | Votes | Percentage | Swing% | Seats | Change |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | d | Justice and Development Party | 10,808,229 | 34.28 | 34.28 | 363 | +363 |
| Deniz Baykal | | Republican People's Party | 6,113,352 | 19.38 | 10.69 | 178 | +178 |
| Tansu Çiller | | True Path Party | 3,008,942 | 9.54 | 2.45 | 0 | −85 |
| Devlet Bahçeli | | Nationalist Movement Party | 2,635,787 | 8.34 | 9.64 | 0 | −129 |
| Cem Uzan | | Young Party | 2,285,598 | 7.25 | 7.25 | 0 | 0 |
| Mehmet Abbasoğlu | | Democratic People's Party | 1,955,298 | 6.23 | 1.48 | 0 | 0 |
| Mesut Yılmaz | | Motherland Party | 1,609,736 | 5.13 | 8.09 | 0 | −86 |
| Recai Kutan | | Felicity Party | 785,489 | 2.49 | 12.93 | 0 | −111 |
| Bülent Ecevit | | Democratic Left Party | 384,009 | 1.22 | 20.97 | 0 | −136 |
| İsmail Cem İpekçi | | New Turkey Party | 361,284 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 0 | 0 |
| Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu | | Great Union Party | 321,046 | 1.02 | 0.44 | 0 | 0 |
| Sadettin Tantan | | Homeland Party | 294,560 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0 | 0 |
| Doğu Perinçek | | Workers Party | 161,563 | 0.51 | 0.33 | 0 | 0 |
| Haydar Baş | | Independent Turkey Party | 150,385 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0 | 0 |
| Ufuk Uras | | Freedom and Solidarity Party | 106,023 | 0.34 | 0.46 | 0 | 0 |
| Besim Tibuk | | Liberal Democratic Party | 89,331 | 0.28 | 0.13 | 0 | 0 |
| Aykut Edibali | | Nation Party | 68,271 | 0.22 | 0.03 | 0 | 0 |
| Aydemir Güler | | Communist Party of Turkey | 59,180 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0 | 0 |
| − | | Independents | 310,145 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 9 | +6 |

## By-election, 2003

| Leader | Party | Votes | Percentage | Swing% | Seats | Change |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party | 55,203 | 84.82 | 67.26 | 3 | +2 |
| Deniz Baykal | Republican People's Party | 8,972 | 13.79 | 4.87 | 0 | −1 |
| Doğu Perinçek | Workers' Party | 500 | 0.77 | 0.63 | 0 | 0 |
| Aydemir Güler | Communist Party of Turkey | 404 | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0 | 0 |

## Local elections, 2004

| Leader | Party | Votes | Percentage | CC members |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party | 13,448,587 | 41.67 | 2.276 |
| Deniz Baykal | Republican People's Party | 5,883,696 | 18.23 | 392 |
| Devlet Bahçeli | Nationalist Movement Party | 3,372,732 | 10.45 | 178 |
| Mehmet Ağar | True Path Party | 3,216,737 | 9.97 | 156 |
| Murat Karayalçın | Social Democratic People's Party | 1,662,280 | 5.15 | 129 |
| Recai Kutan | Felicity Party | 1,297,736 | 4.02 | 19 |
| Cem Uzan | Young Party | 839,897 | 2.60 | 4 |
| Nesrin Nas | Motherland Party | 807,842 | 2.50 | 26 |
| Bülent Ecevit | Democratic Left Party | 683,782 | 2.12 | 9 |
| Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu | Great Union Party | 374,125 | 1.16 | 7 |
| − | Independents | 234,443 | 0.73 | 9 |
| Haydar Baş | Independent Turkey Party | 154,519 | 0.48 | 0 |
| Aydemir Güler | Communist Party of Turkey | 85,188 | 0.26 | 0 |
| Doğu Perinçek | Workers' Party | 79,774 | 0.25 | 0 |
| İsmail Cem | New Turkey Party | 79,584 | 0.25 | 0 |
| Levent Tüzel | Labour Party | 18.695 | 0.06 | 1 |
| Ufuk Uras | Freedom and Solidarity Party | 12.406 | 0.04 | 0 |
| Aykut Edibali | Nation Party | 8,711 | 0.03 | 0 |
| Yaşar Aydın | Democratic Party | 7,837 | 0.02 | 2 |
| Tuğrul Türkeş | Bright Turkey Party | 3,872 | 0.01 | 0 |
| − | Liberal Democratic Party | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |

## General election, 2007

| Leader | Party | Party | Votes | Percentage | Swing% | Seats | Change |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | d | Justice and Development Party | 16,327,291 | 46.58 | 12.30 | 341 | –23 |
| Deniz Baykal | | Republican People's Party | 7,317,808 | 20.88 | 1.49 | 112 | –66 |
| Devlet Bahçeli | | Nationalist Movement Party | 5,001,869 | 14.27 | 5.91 | 71 | +71 |
| Mehmet Ağar | | Democratic Party | 1,898,873 | 5.42 | 4.12 | 0 | 0 |
| – | | Independents | 1,835,486 | 5.24 | 4.24 | 26 | +18 |
| Cem Uzan | | Young Party | 1,064,871 | 3.04 | 4.21 | 0 | 0 |
| Recai Kutan | | Felicity Party | 820,289 | 2.34 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 |
| Haydar Baş | | Independent Turkey Party | 182,095 | 0.52 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 |
| Yaşar Nuri Öztürk | | People's Ascent Party | 179,010 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0 | 0 |
| Doğu Perinçek | | Workers' Party | 128,148 | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 |
| Oktay Öztürk | | Bright Turkey Party | 100,982 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0 | 0 |
| Aydemir Güler | | Communist Party of Turkey | 79,258 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 |
| Ufuk Uras | | Freedom and Solidarity Party | 52,055 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0 | 0 |
| Cem Toker | | Liberal Democratic Party | 35,364 | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0 | 0 |
| Levent Tüzel | | Labour Party | 26,292 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 |

## Constitutional referendum, 2007

| Options | Votes | Percentage |
| YYes (supported by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan) | 19,422,714 | 68.95% |
| NNo | 8,744,94 | 31.05% |

## Local elections, 2009

| Leader | Party | Votes | Percentage | CC members |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party | 15,353,553 | 38.39 | 1889 |
| Deniz Baykal | Republican People's Party | 9,229,936 | 23.08 | 612 |
| Devlet Bahçeli | Nationalist Movement Party | 6,386,279 | 15.97 | 414 |
| Ahmet Türk | Democratic Society Party | 2,277,777 | 5.70 | 235 |
| Numan Kurtulmuş | Felicity Party | 2,079,701 | 5.20 | 29 |
| Süleyman Soylu | Democratic Party | 1,536,847 | 3.84 | 45 |
| Zeki Sezer | Democratic Left Party | 1,139,878 | 2.85 | 26 |
| Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu | Great Union Party | 943,765 | 2.36 | 18 |
| Salih Uzun | Motherland Party | 304,361 | 0.76 | 4 |
| – | Independent | 172,279 | 0.43 | 7 |
| Haydar Baş | Independent Turkey Party | 167,986 | 0.42 | 1 |
| Doğu Perinçek | Workers' Party | 114,243 | 0.29 | 0 |
| Erkan Baş | Communist Party of Turkey | 85,507 | 0.21 | 0 |
| Hayri Kozanoğlu | Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi | 67,984 | 0.17 | 0 |
| Levent Tüzel | Labour Party | 48,939 | 0.12 | 1 |
| Aykut Edibali | Nation Party | 41,818 | 0.10 | 0 |
| Bayram Bozyel | Rights and Freedoms Party | 29,392 | 0.07 | 0 |
| Yaşar Nuri Öztürk | People's Ascent Party | 6,197 | 0.02 | 0 |
| Cem Toker | Liberal Democratic Party | 2,285 | 0.01 | 0 |
| Mustafa Ayzit | Peace and Democracy Party | 36 | 0.00 | 0 |

## Constitutional referendum, 2010

| Options | Votes | Percentage |
| YYes (supported by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan) | 21,787,244 | 57.88% |
| NNo | 15,856,793 | 42.12% |

## General election, 2011

| Leader | Party | Party | Votes | Percentage | Swing% | Seats | Change |
| Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | d | Justice and Development Party | 21,399,082 | 49.83 | 3.25 | 327 | –14 |
| Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | | Republican People's Party | 11,155,972 | 25.98 | 5.10 | 135 | +23 |
| Devlet Bahçeli | | Nationalist Movement Party | 5,585,513 | 13.01 | 1.30 | 53 | –18 |
| – | | Independent | 2,819,917 | 6.57 | 1.33 | 35 | +8 |
| Mustafa Kamalak | | Felicity Party | 543,454 | 1.27 | 1.07 | 0 | 0 |
| Numan Kurtulmuş | | People's Voice Party | 329,723 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0 | 0 |
| Yalçın Topçu | | Great Union Party | 323,251 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0 | 0 |
| Namık Kemal Zeybek | | Democratic Party | 279,480 | 0.65 | 4.77 | 0 | 0 |
| Osman Pamukoğlu | | Rights and Equality Party | 124,415 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0 | 0 |
| Masum Türker | | Democratic Left Party | 108,089 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 |
| Çetin Özaçıkgöz | | True Path Party | 64,607 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0 | 0 |
| Erkan Baş | | Communist Party of Turkey | 64,006 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 |
| Aykut Edibali | | Nation Party | 60,716 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 |
| Ahmet Reyiz Yılmaz | | Nationalist and Conservative Party | 36,188 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 |
| Selma Gürkan | | Labour Party | 32,128 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 |
| Cem Toker | | Liberal Democratic Party | 15,222 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 |

## Presidential election, 2014

| Candidate | Candidate | Nationwide votes | % (of valid votes) | Overseas votes | % | Customs votes | % | Total votes | % |
| | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | 20,670,826 | 51.65 | 143,873 | 62.30 | 185,444 | 62.73 | 21,000,143 | 51.79 |
| | Ekmeleddin Mehmet İhsanoğlu | 15,434,167 | 38.57 | 64,483 | 27.92 | 89,070 | 30.13 | 15,587,720 | 38.44 |
| | Selahattin Demirtaş | 3,914,359 | 9.78 | 22,582 | 9.78 | 21,107 | 7.14 | 3,958,048 | 9.76 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 734,140 | - | 1,857 | - | 1,719 | - | 737,716 | – |
| Total | Total | 40,019,352 | 100 | 230,938 | 100 | 297,340 | 100 | 41,283,627 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 52,894,115 | 77.05 | 2,798,726 | 8.32 | - | - | 55,692,841 | 74.13 |
| Source: YSK nationwide results, YSK overseas results, YSK customs results, YSK overall results ||||||||||

## Presidential election, 2018

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % |
| | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party | 26,330,823 | 52.59 |
| | Muharrem İnce | Republican People's Party | 15,340,321 | 30.64 |
| | Selahattin Demirtaş | Peoples' Democratic Party | 4,205,794 | 8.40 |
| | Meral Akşener | Good Party | 3,649,030 | 7.29 |
| | Temel Karamollaoğlu | Felicity Party | 443,704 | 0.89 |
| | Doğu Perinçek | Patriotic Party | 98,955 | 0.20 |
| Total | Total | Total | 50,068,627 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 50,068,627 | 97.79 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 1,129,332 | 2.21 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 51,197,959 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 59,367,469 | 86.24 |
| Source: YSK |||||

## Local elections, 2019

| Party | Leader | Votes | Percentage |
| Justice and Development Party | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | 19,766,640 | % 42.73 |
| Republican People's Party | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | 13,218,754 | % 28.57 |
| Nationalist Movement Party | Devlet Bahçeli | 3,756,245 | % 8.12 |
| Good Party | Meral Akşener | 3,376,292 | % 7.30 |
| Peoples' Democratic Party | Sezai Temelli, Pervin Buldan | 2,703,595 | % 5.84 |
| Felicity Party | Temel Karamollaoğlu | 1,312,780 | % 2.84 |
| Great Unity Party | Mustafa Destici | 868,393 | % 1.88 |
| Democrat Party | Gültekin Uysal | 411,190 | % 0.89 |
| Democratic Left Party | Önder Aksakal | 378,706 | % 0.82 |
| Independents | | 139,989 | % 0.30 |
| Independent Turkey Party | Haydar Baş | 126,836 | % 0.27 |
| Communist Party of Turkey | Aydemir Güler | 111,775 | % 0.24 |
| Patriotic Party | Doğu Perinçek | 92,580 | % 0.20 |
| Free Cause Party | İshak Sağlam | 0 | %0.00 |
| Total | | 46,263,775 | % 100.00 |

## Presidential election, 2023

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Justice and Development Party | 27,133,849 | 49.52 | 27,834,589 | 52.18 |
| | Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu | Republican People's Party | 24,595,178 | 44.88 | 25,504,724 | 47.82 |
| | Sinan Oğan | Independent | 2,831,239 | 5.17 | | |
| | Muharrem İnce | Homeland Party | 235,783 | 0.43 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 54,796,049 | 100.00 | 53,339,313 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 54,796,049 | 98.14 | 53,339,313 | 98.73 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 1,037,104 | 1.86 | 684,288 | 1.27 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 55,833,153 | 100.00 | 54,023,601 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 64,145,504 | 87.04 | 64,197,454 | 84.15 |
| Source: YSK, 1st round; 2nd round |||||||