OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Kashar

The Battle of Kashar (Albanian: Beteja e Kasharit) occurred on 28 October 1465 near the village of Kashar, near today's Tirana, between the Albanian-resistance forces of the League of Lezhë led by Skanderbeg and the Ottoman army led by Jakup Arnauti, during the campaign of Ballaban Badera. Jakup Arnauti and his force initially expected to "meet-up" with his fellow general Ballaban; however, he encountered Skanderbeg's army, leading to the ensuing battle.

## Background

During the summer of 1465, Ballaban Badera, a sanjak-bey of the Sanjak of Ohrid launched his fourth campaign against Skanderbeg and the League of Lezhë with an army of 18,000-24,000 men. Ballaban's army was also assisted by the army of Jakup Arnauti (also known as Jakup Pasha) from the south. According to Dhimitër Frëngu, Arnauti's army consisted of 16,000 men while according to Fan Noli and Marin Barleti the number of soldiers was around 12,000.
Skanderbeg and Ballaban Badera met during April 1465 in Vajkal and the League of Lezhë was victorious with heavy casualties on both sides.

## Battle

On 28 October 1465, Jakup Arnauti leading an army made up of 12,000-16,000 soldiers including 2,000 infantrymen and archers and 10,000 cavalry began raiding the settlements of Ndronik, Pezë, Lalm and Tirana while on his way to "meet-up" with his fellow general Ballaban Badera before he was stopped near the village of Kashari by Skanderbeg's army made up of 11,000 men consisting of 7,000 cavalry together with 4,000 infantry and archers. Skanderbeg sent a small contingent of 500 cavalry to the Ottoman centre, which shortly engaged with the Ottomans before retreating back, "baiting" the Ottoman centre to pursuit them. The contingent was pursued by the entire Ottoman army which reached the Albanian lines and began to engage them, leading to fighting breaking out. Both Jakup Pasha and Skanderbeg fought on the frontline of the battle and in the midst of the fighting, Skanderbeg charged at Jakup Arnauti, dealing him a blow to the neck and killing him. Upon seeing this, many of the Ottoman soldiers retreated; however, they were pursued by the Albanian troops and most of them were killed, while the Ottoman soldiers that didn't retreat were encircled by the Albanian cavalry and killed.
The Ottoman casualties were around 10,000, while according to Marin Barleti, the casualties on the side of the League of Lezhë were minimal.

## Aftermath

The victorious Albanian army marched into Krujë, where the doubting populace greeted them with great cheer. The following year the city was besieged by the Ottomans.
# Kryptonia

Kryptonia is a bacterial phylum with candidate status. It is a member of the FCB group.
The phylum was first proposed in 2016 following the recovery of genomes from a large-scale effort to mine metagenomic and single-cell genomic datasets for novel bacterial diversity. Extensive analysis of 5.2 Tb of metagenomic data from around the world suggests members of Kryptonia are found exclusively in high-temperature pH-neutral geothermal springs, such as the Jinze pool (Yunnan Province, China), Dewar Creek Spring (British Columbia, Canada), and Great Boiling Spring (Nevada, USA). Due to primer mismatches, members of this phylum have been widely under-detected in 16S rRNA sequencing-based surveys of community composition.
Analysis of the first genomes recovered from this group (from four different genera) suggests that members of Kryptonia are heterotrophs with a putative capacity for iron respiration. They are inferred to be incapable of some producing key metabolic compounds on their own (e.g.: biotin (also known as vitamin B7 or vitamin H) and certain amino acids), and thus may be metabolically dependent on other microbes in their environment, although the nature of such a relationship is unknown.
The name "Kryptonia" is derived from the Greek work "krupton", which means "hidden" or "secret". This is a nod to the phylum having hitherto eluded detection due to SSU rRNA primer biases.

## Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
Phylogeny of "Kryptonia" :
"Ca. Kryptonium"
"Ca. Thermokryptus mobilis"
"Ca. Chryseopegocella kryptomonas"
"Ca. Kryptobacter tengchongensis"
"Ca. K. thompsonii" :
* Class "Kryptonia"
** Order "Kryptoniales"
*** Family "Kryptoniaceae"
**** Genus "Ca. Chrysopegocella" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 corrig. Oren et al. 2020 ["Ca. Chrysopegis" (sic)]
***** "Ca. C. kryptomonas" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016 corrig. Oren et al. 2020
**** Genus "Ca. Kryptobacter" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
***** "Ca. K. tengchongensis" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
**** Genus "Ca. Kryptonium" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
***** "Ca. K. mobile" Hedlund et al. 2022
***** "Ca. K. thompsonii" corrig. Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
**** Genus "Ca. Thermokryptus" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
***** "Ca. T. mobilis" Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2016
# Exeter Book Riddle 27

Exeter Book Riddle 27 (according to the numbering of the Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records) is one of the Old English riddles found in the later tenth-century Exeter Book. The riddle is almost universally solved as 'mead'.

## Text

As edited by Krapp and Dobbie in the Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records series, Riddle 27 runs:
   Ic eom weorð werum, wide funden, brungen of bearwum ond of burghleoþum, of denum ond of dunum. Dæges mec wægun feþre on lifte, feredon mid liste under hrofes hleo. Hæleð mec siþþan baþedan in dydene. Nu ic eom bindere ond swingere, sona weorpere; esne to eorþan hwilum ealdne ceorl. Sona þæt on findeð, se þe mec fehð ongean ond wið mægenþisan minre genæsteð, þæt he hrycge sceal hrusan secan, gif he unrædes ær ne geswiceð; strengo bistolen, strong on spræce, mægene binumen, nah his modes geweald, fota ne folma. Frige hwæt ic hatte, ðe on eorðan swa esnas binde dole æfter dyntum be dæges leohte.
   I am valuable/useful to men, found widely, brought from groves and from mountain slopes, from valleys and from hills. By day, feathers carried me up high, took me skillfully under the shelter of a roof. A man then washed me in a container. Now I am a binder and a striker; I bring a slave to the ground, sometimes an old ceorl. Immediately he discovers, he who goes against me and contends against my strength, that he shall meet the ground with his back, unless he ceases from his folly early; deprived of his strength, loud of speech, his power bound, he has no control over his mind, his feet, or his hands. Ask what I am called, who thus binds slaves to the earth with blows, by the light of day.

## Interpretation

Until recently there has been little work on this riddle. However, in recent years commentary has emphasised how it undermines the association with mead in Old English heroic poetry with martial masculinity. Other work has shown how the riddle not only elucidates Anglo-Saxons' relationships with bees, but has argued that the riddle enables us to chart the complex interrelations between humans and other ecological actors in the medieval past.

### Editions

* Williamson, Craig (ed.), The Old English Riddles of the Exeter Book (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1977).
* Muir, Bernard J. (ed.), The Exeter Anthology of Old English Poetry: An Edition of Exeter Dean and Chapter MS 3501, 2nd edn, 2 vols (Exeter: Exeter University Press, 2000).
* Foys, Martin et al. (eds.),(Madison, WI: Center for the History of Print and Digital Culture, 2019-). Online edition annotated and linked to digital facsimile, with a modern translation.

### Recordings

* Michael D. C. Drout, 'Riddle 27', performed from the Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records edition (24 October 2007).
# 1999 European Athletics U23 Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay

The women's 4 x 400 metres relay event at the 1999 European Athletics U23 Championships was held in Gothenburg, Sweden, at Ullevi on 31 July and 1 August 1999.

## Medalists

| Gold | Tatyana Levina Irina Yemelyanova Marina Grishakova Svetlana Pospelova Russia |
| Silver | Nicole Marahrens Anika Ahrens Ulrike Urbansky Claudia Marx Germany |
| Bronze | Ramona Popovici Anca Safta Andrea Burlacu Otilia Ruicu Romania |

## Results
### Final

1 August
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| | Russia | Tatyana Levina Irina Yemelyanova Marina Grishakova Svetlana Pospelova | 3:29.04 | CR |
| | Germany | Nicole Marahrens Anika Ahrens Ulrike Urbansky Claudia Marx | 3:29.37 | |
| | Romania | Ramona Popovici Anca Safta Andrea Burlacu Otilia Ruicu | 3:31.71 | |
| 4 | Poland | Aleksandra Pielużek Aleksandra Dereń Anna Olichwierczuk Grażyna Prokopek | 3:33.28 | |
| 5 | Czech Republic | Martina Morawska Petra Sedláková Klára Dubská Jitka Burianová | 3:33.56 | |
| 6 | France | Olivia Abderrhamane Katiana René Sylvanie Morandais Cindy Éga | 3:33.59 | |
| 7 | Sweden | Beatrice Dahlgren Nadja Petersen Carolina Nylén Andrea Geurtsen | 3:35.73 | |
| | Great Britain | Louretta Thorne Emma Davies Lesley Owusu Natasha Danvers | DNF | |

### Heats

31 July Qualified: first 3 in each heat and 2 best to the Final

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Romania | Ramona Popovici Anca Safta Andrea Burlacu Otilia Ruicu | 3:32.39 | Q |
| 2 | France | Olivia Abderrhamane Katiana René Sylvanie Morandais Cindy Éga | 3:33.49 | Q |
| 3 | Czech Republic | Martina Morawska Petra Sedláková Klára Dubská Jitka Burianová | 3:34.65 | Q |
| 4 | Hungary | Kinga Wéber Renáta Balazsic Enikő Szabó Barbara Petráhn | 3:35.08 | |
| 5 | Yugoslavia | Jelena Stanisavljević Jovana Miljković Sanja Tripković Biljana Mitrović | 3:37.10 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Russia | Tatyana Levina Irina Yemelyanova Marina Grishakova Svetlana Pospelova | 3:30.87 | Q, CR |
| 2 | Germany | Andrea Luy Anika Ahrens Ulrike Urbansky Claudia Marx | 3:31.65 | Q |
| 3 | Great Britain | Louretta Thorne Emma Davies Lesley Owusu Natasha Danvers | 3:31.70 | Q |
| 4 | Poland | Monika Giemzo Anna Olichwierczuk Aleksandra Pielużek Grażyna Prokopek | 3:31.80 | q |
| 5 | Sweden | Beatrice Dahlgren Nadja Petersen Carolina Nylén Andrea Geurtsen | 3:34.71 | q |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 42 athletes from 10 countries participated in the event.
* Czech Republic (4)
* France (4)
* Germany (5)
* Great Britain (4)
* Hungary (4)
* Poland (5)
* Romania (4)
* Russia (4)
* Sweden (4)
* Yugoslavia (4)
# Kodiyeri Balakrishnan

Kodiyeri Balakrishnan (16 November 1953 – 1 October 2022) was an Indian politician of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was the secretary of the CPI(M) Kerala State Committee from 2015 to 2022. He stepped down from the position of state secretary due to his failing health. He was the chief editor of the Malayalam newspaper Deshabhimani.
Balakrishnan was the deputy leader of the opposition in the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 2001 to 2006 and again from 2011 to 2016, and also served as the state minister of home affairs and tourism from 2006 to 2011 under the Achuthananadan Ministry. He represented Thalassery State Assembly Constituency in the Kerala Legislative Assembly from 1982 to 1991 and again from 2001 to 2016.

## Political life

Balakrishnan entered politics through the student wing of the CPI(M) in 1970. He was Secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the Students' Federation of India (SFI) and its All India Joint Secretary between 1973 and 1979. During the time of the emergency, Kodiyeri Balakrishnan was imprisoned under MISA for 16 months.
From 1980 to 1982, he was the Kannur District President of Democratic Youth Federation of India (DYFI). He was a CPI (M) Politburo member and was CPI (M) Parliamentary Party deputy leader. He was elected as an MLA to Kerala Legislative Assembly in 1982, 1987, 2001, 2006 and 2011 from Thalassery. He was Minister of Home affairs of Kerala during the time of V S Achudanandan Ministry. On 23 February 2015, he was elected as the secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) Kerala State Committee for a period of three years. He was re-elected for a second term as a State Secretary in 2018 and for a third term in March 2022. On 28 August 2022, he stepped down from the position due to failing health and was succeeded by M. V. Govindan.

## Personal life and death

Balakrishnan was born in Kodiyeri, Thalassery, to Kunjunni Kurup and Narayani Amma on 16 November 1953. He was the youngest child and only son of his parents. He had four elder sisters, all much older than him. He studied in Kodiyeri Junior Basic School and Oniyan High School. He became active in politics while studying at Mahatma Gandhi Government Arts College, Mahé and was active in University College, Thiruvananthapuram.
In 1980, he married S. R. Vinodini, daughter of ex-MLA M. V. Rajagopalan Master and had two children, Binoy Kodiyeri and Bineesh Kodiyeri.
Balakrishnan was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and admitted in Apollo Hospital, Chennai from 28 August 2022 in view of worsening health. He died on 1 October 2022, at the age of 68. His dead body was taken to his hometown Kannur, and was cremated there with full state honours.
# Calistrat Cuțov

Calistrat Ilie Cuțov (born 10 October 1948 died 19 March 2025) was a Romanian retired boxer. He won the European lightweight title in 1969 and an Olympic bronze medal in 1968. He also competed in the light-welterweight division at the 1972 and 1976 Olympics, but was eliminated before reaching semifinals. He retired after winning a bronze medal at the 1977 European Championships, with a record of 11 losses out of 398 bouts. Since 1981 he has worked as a boxing coach. His trainees include Daniel Dumitrescu. His brother Simion was also an Olympic medalist in boxing.

## Awards

* Honored Sports Trainer ("Antrenor emerit al sportului").
* Sports Merit Order, Third Class (1968 and 2004)

## 1972 Olympic results

Below are the results of Cailstrat Cutov, a Romanian light welterweight boxer who competed at the 1972 Munich Olympics:
* Round of 32: defeated Mohamed Muruli (Uganda) 4-1
* Round of 16: lost to Srisook Buntoe (Thailand) by a third-round TKO
# Homadaula anisocentra

Homadaula anisocentra, also known as the mimosa webworm, is a species of moth in the family Galacticidae. It is considered a pest of ornamental plants. They attack the leaves of mimosa (Albizia julibrissin) and honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos).
This species was introduced into the United States from China in the 1940s and likely has two generations per year in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States. The average first occurrence of larvae is after 543 growing degree-days.

## Description

Adults are about 10 millimetres (0.4 in) long. They are silvery gray in color and have wings covered with small, black dots. The larvae are approximately 15 mm (0.6 in) in length and are green to dark brown color. The larvae have white stripes.
# 220 Volt (band)

220 Volt is a Swedish heavy metal band, formed in 1979 by guitar players Thomas Drevin and Mats Karlsson. The band released albums on the CBS Records and Epic Records labels.

## History

The band's career began in 1979, but gained traction when they released their first single "Prisoner Of War" in 1982. When a radio station in New Jersey aired the single, it soon became a popular hit, which led to the record company CBS offering them a record contract.
Their first album 220 Volt was released in 1983 and sold around 10,000 copies in Sweden alone. In addition to Sweden, the band gained popularity in Japan, Germany and the United States. In 1984, the band performed with Nazareth (12 concerts) and in 1986 with AC/DC (7 concerts).
In 1992, 220 Volt disbanded. They reformed again in 2002 with their original lineup, and organized concerts in Jämtland and other locations around Sweden. They later released a compilation album, Volume 1 at the same year, which contains both new material and highlights of their live concert from Sweden Rock 2002. The printed edition was limited to 1000 copies, but is currently available on iTunes.
In 2005, the band released its first live album, Made in Jämtland that featured their live gigs in Jämtland. At the end of 2008, drummer Peter Hermansson left the band, but returned in 2012 and remains active.
In 2009, the band recorded a new EP with new versions of their popular single "Heavy Christmas" alongside 3 other songs. Former lead vocalist Jocke Lundholm returned for this recording and the album also featured Björn Höglund of folk rock band Hoven Droven. The album was released under the title Heavy Christmas - Revisited.

## Members

Current members
* Mats Karlsson – guitars, vocals (1979–1992, 2002–present)
* Thomas Drevin – guitars (1979–1984, 2002–present)
* Peter Hermansson – drums (1982–1992, 2002–2008, 2012–present)
* Mats Vassfjord – bass (2016–present)
* Fredrik Nordh – lead vocals (2024–present)
Former members
* Mike Krusenberg (ca. 1982–1992, 2002–2013)
* Christer Nääs – lead vocals (1979–1983, 2002–2008)
* Tommy Hellström – bass (1979–1980)
* Micke Larsson – bass (1984)
* Pelle Hansson – drums (1979–1982)
* Jocke Lundholm - lead vocals (1983–1990, 1997, 2009)
* Peter Olander – guitar (1984–1992)
* Per Englund – lead vocals (1990–1992) (never lead vocals for 220 Volt, lead vocals for Voltergeist)
* Anders Engberg – lead vocals (2013–2015)
* Göran Nyström – lead vocals (2016–2024)
Timeline

## Discography
### Studio albums

* 220 Volt (1983, CBS)
* Powergames (1984, CBS)
* Mind Over Muscle (1985, CBS)
* Eye to Eye (1988, Epic)
* Lethal Illusion (1997, Empire Records) (digitally released 2009)
* Walking in Starlight (2014, AOR Heaven)

### EP

* Heavy Christmas (1987, CBS)
* Heavy Christmas – Revisited (2009) (Digitally released 2009)

### Compilations

* Electric Messengers (released for the U.S. market 1985, Epic)
* Young and Wild (1987, CBS)
* Volume 1 (2002) (digitally released 2009)

### Live albums

* Made in Jamtland (live) (2005, Swedmetal Records) (digitally released 2009)
Digital single;
* "One Good Reason" (2013)
# Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht

Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht is a municipality located in the Belgian province of East Flanders, and belongs to the Waasland (Dutch: Land van Waas).
Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht has been the result of the merger of Beveren, Kruibeke, and Zwijndrecht on January 1, 2025.
Zwijndrecht belonged to Antwerp Province.
* This East Flanders location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Carlos Goez

Carlos Goez (December 13, 1939 – December 25, 1990) founded the Pomander Book Shop. The Pomander, as it was known, was "a rather unprepossessing, Dickensian storefront,” located at 252 West 95th Street, on Manhattan's Upper West Side next to the Thalia, one of New York's first repertory movie theaters. Goez opened the Pomander in 1975, first running it with bookseller Timothy Mawson and then with William Hamilton. He named the shop for Pomander Walk, the 1920s Tudoresque apartment complex hidden on West 95th Street where he lived.
A native of Colombia who came to New York to be educated at Columbia University, Goez sold fine and rare volumes in impeccable condition, sponsored readings, and mended and cleaned old books. His standards were exacting, as was his English, and he did not hesitate to tell customers what they must buy or "offer trenchant commentary on politics and the passing scene." His tiny store attracted a large following, counting among its patrons writers and bibliophiles such as Darryl Pinckney,Eric Bentley, Susan Sontag, Adrienne Rich, and Robert Payne. It was a "kind of Upper West Side salon that drew literary giants, earnest scholars, and neighborhood eccentrics." Journalist and former Pomander employee, William Hamilton remembers Susan Sontag remarking to Goez, during a sale, that only 11% of New Yorkers actually read the books they buy. Hamilton also remembers Carrie Fisher being a valued customer. Critic and New Yorker writer Louis Menand has memorialized the Pomander as a favorite bookshop from his past which "featured British and American literature and philosophy—my kind of collection." In 1986 Goez sold the Pomander to poet Suzanne Ostro, who eventually was forced to relocate the shop when developers reconfigured West 95th Street. Carlos Goez died in 1990.
# Marie Laufiso

Marie Laufiso is a local government politician in Dunedin, New Zealand. Laufiso is currently serving her third term as councillor for the Dunedin City Council, having initially been elected in 2016, and is the current chair of its community services committee.

## Career

In 2012, Laufiso was appointed a community development co-ordinator for the Dunedin suburb of Brockville where she aimed to "put her background in community work and activism to good use."
When elected to the city council in 2016, Laufiso became the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand's first successful Pasifika election candidate at either local or central government level; Laufiso is of Sāmoan and Tongan descent.
# 1980 Commonwealth final

The 1980 Commonwealth final was the second running of the Commonwealth Final as part of the qualification for the 1980 Speedway World Championship Final to be held at the Ullevi Stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden. The 1980 Final was run on 29 June at the Wimbledon Stadium in London, England, and was part of the World Championship qualifying for riders from the Commonwealth nations.

## 1980 Commonwealth final

* 29 June
* Wimbledon Stadium, London
* Qualification: Top 9 plus 1 reserve to the Intercontinental Final in London
| Pos. | Rider | Total |
| 1 | Dave Jessup | 14 |
| 2 | John Louis | 13 |
| 3 | Ivan Mauger | 12 |
| 4 | John Davis | 11 |
| 5 | Billy Sanders | 10 |
| 6 | Chris Morton | 9 |
| 7 | Michael Lee | 9 |
| 8 | Mitch Shirra | 9 |
| 9 | Peter Collins | 7 |
| 10 | Gordon Kennett | 6 |
| 11 | Larry Ross | 6 |
| 12 | Phil Collins | 5 |
| 13 | John Titman | 4 |
| 14 | Melvyn Taylor | 3 |
| 15 | Phil Crump | 2 |
| 16 | Reg Wilson | 0 |
| 17 | Tony Briggs (Res) | 0 |
| 18 | Bobby Beaton (Res) | 0 |
# Sweet Taste of Souls

Sweet Taste of Souls is a 2020 American fantasy horror film directed by Terry Ross and written by F. Scott Mudgett. The film stars Honey Lauren, John Salandria, Mark Valeriano, Amber Gaston and Thom Michael Mulligan.

## Plot

When band members stop at a roadside cafe for a slice of pie, they find themselves locked up in the unstable cafe owners surreal art collection and must battle a menacing force with a taste for souls.

## Cast

* Honey Lauren as Ellinore
* John Salandria as Nate
* Mark Valeriano as Kyle
* Amber Gaston as Wendy
* Sarah J. Bartholomew as Lily
* Thom Michael Mulligan as Barney
* Frank Papia as Sid
* Jesse LeNoir as Tucker
* Darn Oldham as Raymond
* Scott Alin as Patrick

## Production

The film was produced by Flying Dolphin Productions. Principal photography took place in Julian, California as well as San Diego County over twenty six days.

## Release

The film screened at Cosmo Film Festival. It was released on November 1, 2020 and distributed by TriCoast Worldwide.

## Reception

Paul Chapinal at Film-news.co.uk scored it 3 out of 5, claiming it has "enough twists and turns to keep the attention." The Scariest Things scored it 3 out of 5, concluding it is "Delicious cherry pie." Horror Bound called it "a new unique tale in horror." In a review at PopHorror, Anthony Baamonde claims the "acting is fabulous, and Honey Lauren totally steals the show." In a less favorable review, Explosion Network scored it 4 out of 10 claiming that the "core concept is unique enough to carry the weaker parts of the film." Without Your Head scored the film 2 out of 5 stating the film had "great concepts that never get the execution they deserve." Film critic Jennie Kermode at Eye for Film scored in 1 out of 5, stating "you'll be left feeling as if you've been watching this picture for years."