OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Swedish Factory Workers' Union

The Swedish Factory Workers' Union (Swedish: Svenska Fabriksarbetareförbundet, Fabriks) was a trade union representing manufacturing workers in Sweden.
The union was founded on 1 November 1891 in Lund, as the Södra District Heavy Industry Union. In 1895, it began admitting workers from across the country, moving its headquarters to Stockholm, and renamed itself as the Swedish Heavy and Factory Workers' Union. In 1899, it affiliated to the Swedish Trade Union Confederation.
Numerous other unions formed as split from Fabriks: the Swedish Transport Workers' Union in 1897, the Swedish Farm Workers' Union in 1900, the Swedish Hat Workers' Union in 1903, the Swedish Municipal Workers' Union in 1910, the Swedish Road Workers' Union in 1914, the Swedish Chimney Sweeps' Union in 1918, and the Swedish Paper Workers' Union in 1920, while building labourers transferred to the new Swedish Building Workers' Union in 1949. It absorbed the Swedish Glass Workers' Union in 1907, the Swedish Tile and Slab Workers' Union in 1946, the Swedish Operating Personnel Union in 1948, and the majority of both the United Unions in 1962, and the Swedish Stone Workers' Union in 1970.
The union had only 419 members on formation, but grew rapidly, to reach 47,267 by 1907. It dropped back to 11,521 members in 1911, but then grew again, reaching an all-time peak of 107,600 members in 1947. Over the following decades, membership declined slightly, falling to 71,958 by 1992, at which time, 96% of its members worked in the chemical industry, 3% in personal services, and most of the remainder in quarrying. The following year, it merged with the Swedish Textile, Garment and Leather Workers' Union, to form the Swedish Industrial Union.

## Presidents

* 1891: A. Hemberg
* H. W. Lindström
* Carl F. Lindahl
* 1950: Gunnar Mohlne
* Johan Johansson
* Valdemar Lundberg
* 1975: Nils Kristoffersson
* 1988: Uno Ekberg
# Lomeh Daraq

Lomeh Daraq (Persian: لمه درق) is a village in Abesh Ahmad Rural District of Abesh Ahmad District in Kaleybar County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 765 in 162 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,143 people in 242 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 632 people in 152 households.
# Nalli, Sattur

Nalli is a village located in the Sattur Taluk of Virudhunagar district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated approximately 18 kilometers from Sattur and 7 kilometers from Kovilpatti. The village has 811 households and a population of 2,774 split into 1,387 males and 1,387 females. Nalli's Pin Code is 626205.

## Demographics

* (0–6 years): 245
* (7+ years): 2529

## Literacy

Overall Literacy Rate: 79.95% (Tamil Nadu average: 80.09%) with Male Literacy: 88.99% and Female Literacy: 71.08%.

## Governance

Nalli is administered by an elected Sarpanch under the Panchayati Raj system.

## Caste Composition

Scheduled Castes: 424 (15.28% of total population)

## Workforce

Total Workers: 1,620
* Main Workers: 1,526
* Marginal Workers: 94
Occupations:
* Cultivators: 202
* Agricultural Labourers: 612

## Geographical Location and Infrastructure

Source:
Nalli is 10 km from Kovilpatti, the nearest town, and connected by public and private bus services. The nearest railway station is 5–10 km away. It spans 1589.69 hectares, with 388.82 hectares for agriculture. Of this, 108.82 hectares are irrigated, and 894.33 hectares are culturable waste land. The surrounding lake, which has been low on water for years, is hoped to boost local cultivation once fully filled.
Healthcare services include a community health centre and a primary health centre 5–10 km away. The village also has a veterinary hospital with 1 doctor and 2 paramedics, and a dispensary nearby.
Nalli has 4 government pre-primary, primary, middle, secondary, and senior secondary schools. Higher education options are available in nearby towns: Kovilpatti (arts and science college), Nalattinputhur (engineering and polytechnic colleges), and Tirunelveli (medical college).

## Singamadai Ayyanar Temple

Sources:
Singamadai Ayyanar Temple, located 18 km from Sattur in Tamil Nadu, is dedicated to Singamadai Ayyanar, who is accompanied by his consorts Purana and Pushkala. The temple's history dates back 500 years, when a devotee from Srivilliputtur, carrying sand to worship Aiyanar and other deities, saved a village from flooding by placing the sand near Singamadai Lake. This act led to the construction of the temple. Other deities in the temple include Karuppasamy, Petchi Amman, and Vinayaka.
Major festivals like Maha Shivaratri and Karthigai are celebrated, attracting devotees from nearby villages. The temple also holds a unique tradition of offering fruits in leaf boxes.
# Fernandine Wars

The Fernandine Wars (from the Portuguese Guerras Fernandinas) were a series of three conflicts (1369–70, 1372–73, 1381–82) between the Kingdom of Portugal under King Ferdinand I and the Crown of Castile under Kings Henry II and later John I. They were fought over Ferdinand's claim to the Castilian succession after the murder of King Peter of Castile in 1369. After signing the Treaty of Salvaterra, there was a period of civil war (April 1383 - August 1385 Crisis) (1383 - 1385 Portuguese interregnum) in Portugal without a ruling king. This was part of the Hundred Years' War.

## Treaty of Salvaterra

The Treaty of Salvaterra de Magos was an agreement signed in 1383 between Portugal and Castile in order to end a period known in Portugal as the Fernandine Wars (after the name of Fernando I).
To celebrate the peace between the two kingdoms, king Fernando I of Portugal agreed on the marriage of his daughter and heir, Beatrice of Portugal, with king John I of Castile. However, to avoid the union of the two countries, this pre-nuptial agreement established the rules to the succession for the two thrones.
It was never Fernando's intention to form a union of the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile. Therefore, it was agreed that following his death his wife, queen Leonor Telles de Menezes would assume the regency in Portugal until the son of Beatrice and John would reach 14 years old, when he would become the future king of Portugal.
The main clauses of the Treaty of Salvaterra stipulated:
* The separation between the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile only could be eliminated with the consent of the Cortes;
* The recognition of Beatrice and her husband as kings of Portugal (him, as king consort), if Fernando I would die without any other male heir;
* The succession in the throne of Portugal to the offspring of Beatrice and her husband;
* The succession in the throne of Portugal to John of Castille and his offspring of the first marriage, if Beatrice would die childless before him, but the Portuguese naturals (property owners) must to receive him as their king;
* That queen Leonor Telles de Menezes should remain regent of the kingdom if Fernando I would die without any other heirs and while Beatrice didn't have a 14-year-old son;
* And other less important clauses (included in Chronicle of king Fernando I, by Fernão Lopes, Chapter CLVII).
In the famous Cortes of Coimbra (1385), João das Regras, a lawyer supporting John Master of Aviz claims to the throne of Portugal, defended that due to a breach of the Treaty of Salvaterra, Beatrice and John I of Castile should be barred from ascending the Portuguese throne.
# Fernandine Wars

The Fernandine Wars (from the Portuguese Guerras Fernandinas) were a series of three conflicts (1369–70, 1372–73, 1381–82) between the Kingdom of Portugal under King Ferdinand I and the Crown of Castile under Kings Henry II and later John I. They were fought over Ferdinand's claim to the Castilian succession after the murder of King Peter of Castile in 1369. After signing the Treaty of Salvaterra, there was a period of civil war (April 1383 – August 1385 Crisis) (1383 - 1385 Portuguese interregnum) in Portugal without a ruling king. This was part of the Hundred Years' War.

## Treaty of Salvaterra

The Treaty of Salvaterra de Magos was an agreement signed in 1383 between Portugal and Castile in order to end a period known in Portugal as the Fernandine Wars (after the name of Fernando I).
To celebrate the peace between the two kingdoms, king Fernando I of Portugal agreed on the marriage of his daughter and heir, Beatrice of Portugal, with king John I of Castile. However, to avoid the union of the two countries, this pre-nuptial agreement established the rules to the succession for the two thrones.
It was never Fernando's intention to form a union of the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile. Therefore, it was agreed that following his death his wife, queen Leonor Telles de Menezes would assume the regency in Portugal until the son of Beatrice and John would reach 14 years old, when he would become the future king of Portugal.
The main clauses of the Treaty of Salvaterra stipulated:
* The separation between the kingdoms of Portugal and Castile only could be eliminated with the consent of the Cortes;
* The recognition of Beatrice and her husband as kings of Portugal (him, as king consort), if Fernando I would die without any other male heir;
* The succession in the throne of Portugal to the offspring of Beatrice and her husband;
* The succession in the throne of Portugal to John of Castille and his offspring of the first marriage, if Beatrice would die childless before him, but the Portuguese naturals (property owners) must to receive him as their king;
* That queen Leonor Telles de Menezes should remain regent of the kingdom if Fernando I would die without any other heirs and while Beatrice didn't have a 14-year-old son;
* And other less important clauses (included in Chronicle of king Fernando I, by Fernão Lopes, Chapter CLVII).
In the famous Cortes of Coimbra (1385), João das Regras, a lawyer supporting John Master of Aviz claims to the throne of Portugal, defended that due to a breach of the Treaty of Salvaterra, Beatrice and John I of Castile should be barred from ascending the Portuguese throne.
# Canada Beef

Canada Beef, formerly the Beef Information Centre, is a Canadian trade and marketing organization.

## History

In 2008, the BIC teamed up with the Canadian Cattlemen's Association and the Canadian Pork Council to disseminate information at the height of the WTO trade dispute over the mandatory country-of-origin labeling (mCOOL) rules.
The beef export trade of Canada was the world's eighth biggest in 2013, with annual shipments of $22.9bn.
The beef industry was, at least in 2015, the largest sector of the Canadian food manufacturing industry.
Canada Beef funded the Canadian Beef Centre of Excellence in Calgary, Alberta. The Centre was opened in March 2015 after a nine-month construction. It serves as a marketing and food education centre, with a demonstration kitchen, a full-HACCP "fabrication room" and broadcast capabilities.
In July 2019, Canada Beef received a $5.3 million subsidy from the Trudeau government "in order to grow sales internationally, in part by boosting foreign consumer confidence in Canada's product".
In March 2025, Canada Beef launched the Best Canadian Beef Dishes Contest, a nationwide competition encouraging diners to nominate their favourite beef dishes at local restaurants. The winning restaurant will receive a prize valued at CAD 5,000.

## Leadership

In July 2019, Michael Young was president of Canada Beef.

## Funding

The organization is funded by virtue of the Canadian Beef Cattle Check-Off.
# 1905 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

The 1905 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team represented Michigan Agricultural College (MAC) in the 1905 college football season. In their third year under head coach Chester Brewer, the Aggies compiled a 10–2 record and outscored their opponents 349 to 75.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 30 | Michigan School for the Deaf* | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 42–0 |
| October 3 | at Notre Dame* | Cartier FieldNotre Dame, IN (rivalry) | L 0–28 |
| October 7 | Port Huron YMCA* | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 43–0 |
| October 14 | Michigan freshmen* | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 24–0 |
| October 21 | Olivet | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 30–0 |
| October 23 | Hillsdale | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 18–0 |
| October 28 | Armour Institute* | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 18–0 |
| November 4 | at Kalamazoo | Kalamazoo, MI | W 30–0 |
| November 11 | Albion | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 46–10 |
| November 18 | at Northwestern* | Northwestern FieldEvanston, IL | L 11–37 |
| November 25 | at Alma | College FieldEast Lansing, MI | W 18–0 |
| *Non-conference game ||||
# Sheriff Street

Sheriff Street (Irish: Sráid an tSirriam) is a street in the north inner city of Dublin, Ireland, lying between East Wall and North Wall and often considered to be part of the North Wall area. It is divided into Sheriff Street Lower (west end) and Sheriff Street Upper (east end).

## History
### Naming convention

The street is one of a number of streets within the North Wall area named after positions and groupings related to Dublin Corporation and the City Assembly (an archaic name for Dublin Corporation and Dublin City Council) which first laid out the area in the 18th century on reclaimed ground including: Mayor Street, Guild Street, Commons Street (referring to the Common Council, the "commons" or lower house of the City Assembly of Dublin) and Alderman Way. Sheriff itself refers to the Sheriff of Dublin City, a position that existed from 1548 when it replaced the term "bailiff".

### Location and boundaries

The Sheriff Street area might be defined as Upper and Lower Sheriff Street, Mayor Street, Guild Street, Commons Street, Oriel Street, Seville Place, Crinan Strand and Mariner's Port. One of the most visible buildings is St. Laurence O'Toole's Roman Catholic church, which was built in the 1840s and officially opened in 1853, and is accessible via Seville Place. Traditionally, work on Dublin's docks provided employment for local men, but the arrival of containerization led to mass unemployment in the late 1980s.

### 21st century

Sheriff Street has a reputation as a run-down area with a high crime rate. the area was for many years notable for the Sheriff Street flats which consisted of St Laurence's Mansions, St Bridget's Gardens and Phil Shanahan House. Issues with poverty and crime peaked during the heroin epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s. In the late 1990s, the flats were demolished and the area underwent gentrification. Many residents of the flats were housed nearby whilst others left the area. Many of the now gentrified buildings, constructed on the former site of the flats, are accessible on Mayor Street. Lower Sheriff Street remains a working-class area consisting of houses. Noctors's Pub is a longstanding business in the area.

### In the media

In 1973, RTÉ Radio 1 producer, Seán Mac Réamoinn set out to capture life in the North Wall and Sheriff Street area of the city in a radio documentary, Inner City Island, looking to the past, present and future, which aired on RTÉ Radio 1 on 17 March 2009. Parts of the film In The Name Of The Father were shot in Sheriff Street in the early 1990s, as well as the film The Commitments.

## Notable people

* Gemma Dunleavy Spent her early years in Phil Shanahan Flats, now demolished and currently lives in Oriel Street. Her EP, 'Up De Flats" documents the experience of living in the area.
* Stephen Gately, Boyzone
* Luke Kelly of the band The Dubliners was born in Lattimore Cottages, 1 Sheriff Street. His place of birth has since been demolished.
* Jim Sheridan
# Three Rural Issues

The Three Rural Issues, or San Nong (simplified Chinese: 三农; traditional Chinese: 三農; pinyin: sān nóng), are three issues relating to rural development in mainland China: agriculture, rural areas and farmers. The name "Three Rural Issues" were highlighted by CCP general secretary Hu Jintao and Chinese premier Wen Jiabao as areas of rural development in China that need work.
At the 2006 National People's Congress, the Three Rural Issues were especially emphasized throughout Wen Jiabao's speech on the workings of the government in 2005 and the direction of the government for the year 2006. In the rural areas, agricultural reforms had made the peasants better-off until the 1990s when land supply became insufficient and the cost of the means of production was soaring. As a result, the income of the peasants was greatly reduced. Today, the "three problem of peasantry, rural areas and agriculture" are still a major concern of the government.

## Content

* Agricultural issues：The main problem is agricultural production and operation, specifically how to achieve agricultural industrialization. This is mainly due to the low degree of marketability of agricultural production and operation and the high volatility of agricultural prices; the fact that agricultural production mainly relies on small-scale farmers, making it difficult to obtain economies of scale; and the fact that the issue of food security has never been neglected.
* Rural issues：It is concentrated in the urban-rural dichotomy caused by the household registration system, with a large difference in economic and cultural levels between urban and rural areas. The image is likened to China's City like Europe，The countryside is like Africa.
* Farmers' issues：The main problems are the low income of farmers, the large gap between urban and rural incomes, the low overall cultural quality of farmers and the lack of protection of farmers' Rights, etc.
"The countryside is the cradle of the Chinese nation, agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and farmers are our bread and butter. If we lose these three, we will also lose the foundation of our nation".

### Agriculture

In general, the issue is how to industrialize agriculture in China.
It includes:
* increasing the marketization level of agricultural production and operation, and stabilizing the prices of agricultural products
* changing the situation of smallholder economic agriculture, achieving economies of scale of agricultural production and operation
* guaranteeing the food security in China.

### Rural areas

This is particularly reflected in the disparity of economic and cultural development between urban and rural areas. It is mainly caused by the dual segmentation based on the household registration system.

### Farmers

It includes improving the income level of farmers, alleviating burdens of farmers, increasing the cultural qualities of farmers, and safeguarding the rights of farmers.
# Václav Jansa

Václav Jansa (22 October 1859, Slatinice, near Most – 29 June 1913, Černošice) was a Czech landscape painter and illustrator; best known for his watercolors of the Old Town in Prague.

## Biography

Jansa was born in Slatinice (an extinct village in the area of today's Most-Čepirohy). When he was still a boy, his parents were hired as servants for Johann Joseph, Count Herberstein [de] (1854–1944), so they moved to Solany, near Děčany in Litoměřice District. While there, he was apprenticed to a merchant, but drew and painted as a hobby.
Eventually, he was able to gain admission to the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague, where he studied with Antonín Lhota. Later, he transferred to the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, where his instructors were Eduard von Lichtenfels and Leopold Carl Müller. After some time as a painter in Prague, he began to travel, working mostly in Southern Bohemia and Krkonoše. He also provided illustrations for Zlatá Praha and Světozor.
In 1894–1895, together with Karel Vítězslav Mašek and Vojtěch Bartoněk he worked on a monumental painting designed by Mikoláš Aleš. It was called Pobití Sasíků pod Hrubou Skálou (The Slaughter of the Saxons at Hrubá Skála, commemorating a 13th-century Czech victory) and measured 8.5 by 10 meters (28 by 33 ft). He was also one of several artists who collaborated on creating a panorama of the Battle of Lipany, designed by Luděk Marold, which is 11 meters (36 feet) high and 95 meters (312 feet) long.
During that same period, the Prague city government began to redevelop parts of the old city (Staré Město) and the Jewish ghetto. A commission was established to create an inventory and document the buildings that were slated for demolition. Pursuant to this, the Mánes Union of Fine Arts engaged Jansa to paint as much of the area as possible. During the late 1890s, he produced over 150 watercolors depicting the Staré Město and the Nové Město. Many of these were published in book form in 1908 and 1911.
Ironically, the small village where he was born was razed in the late 1960s, to make room for the expansion of a coal mine. The area has since been reclaimed as pastures and forest.

## Selected scenes of Prague

* In Zderaz
* House at the Golden Tree
* Helmovy Mills
* Chapel of the Holy Sepulchre
# Matches Fashion

Matches was a global luxury e-commerce platform, Matches offered ready-to-wear, shoes, bags and accessories for womenswear, menswear and lifestyle products. The business operated online and via three stores in London, England.
On 21 July 2024 Matches closed its doors for the final time after Frasers Group put it into administration after only two months of ownership.

## History

Tom Chapman and Ruth Chapman opened the first store in Wimbledon Village in 1987, and opened an online store in 2007. In 2012, the Chapmans sold a £20,000,000 stake to venture capital firms to help build its online presence. In 2017, the founders sold the business to private equity firm Apax for an estimated £400 million.
Six months after Ajay Kavan stepped down from his role, Paolo de Cesare became CEO of Matches Fashion in September 2021. After confirming that Nick Beighton would be its new CEO on July 12, 2022, the company received £60m from Apax. to power its turnaround.
On 3 November 2022, it rebranded from Matchesfashion to Matches.
In 2023, Matches saw a revenue drop, but said it has grown its customer base in its UK and US markets and has "improved underlying profitability."
In 2023, Frasers Group acquired Matches Fashion for £52 million from private equity firm Apax Partners.
In 2024, months after Frasers Group acquired Matches Fashion for £52 million, they placed the business into administration and cut over half of staff. Matches CEO Nick Beighton and CFO Dave Murray both left the fashion retailer a week after it entered administration.