OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of people executed in the United States in 2025

To date, seven people, all male, have been executed in the United States in 2025, four by lethal injection, two by nitrogen hypoxia, and one by firing squad. Accordingly, 2025 is the first year since 2010 where executions have been carried out by more than 2 different methods.
The state of South Carolina carried out the execution of Brad Sigmon by firing squad, marking the first execution by firing squad since 2010, when Ronnie Lee Gardner was executed in Utah by firing squad (both inmates chose the method).
The state of Louisiana conducted its first execution in 15 years since 2010; the inmate executed, Jessie Hoffman Jr., was additionally the first to be executed by nitrogen gas in Louisiana, which became the second state after Alabama to conduct nitrogen gas executions.
One person, Christopher Sepulvado, died of natural causes at age 81 before his execution could be carried out in Louisiana in March 2025. Another person, Robin Dion Myers, received a commutation of his death sentence to life without parole from Alabama Governor Kay Ivey, after the Alabama Supreme Court authorized the setting of an execution date.

## List of people executed in the United States in 2025

| No. | Date of execution | Name | Age of person | Age of person | Age of person | Gender | Ethnicity | State | Method | Ref. |
| No. | Date of execution | Name | At execution | At offense | Age difference | Gender | Ethnicity | State | Method | Ref. |
| 1 | January 31, 2025 | Marion Bowman Jr. | 44 | 20 | 24 | Male | Black | South Carolina | Lethal injection | |
| 2 | February 5, 2025 | Steven Lawayne Nelson | 37 | 24 | 13 | Male | Black | Texas | Lethal injection | |
| 3 | February 6, 2025 | Demetrius Terrence Frazier | 52 | 19 | 33 | Male | Black | Alabama | Nitrogen hypoxia | |
| 4 | February 13, 2025 | James Dennis Ford | 64 | 36 | 28 | Male | White | Florida | Lethal injection | |
| 5 | February 13, 2025 | Richard Lee Tabler | 46 | 25 | 21 | Male | White | Texas | Lethal injection | |
| 6 | March 7, 2025 | Brad Keith Sigmon | 67 | 43 | 24 | Male | White | South Carolina | Firing squad | |
| 7 | March 18, 2025 | Jessie Dean Hoffman Jr. | 46 | 18 | 28 | Male | Black | Louisiana | Nitrogen hypoxia | |
| | | Average: | 51 years | 27 years | 24 years | | | | | |

## Demographics

Gender :
| Male | 7 | 100% |
| Female | 0 | 0% |
| Ethnicity |||
| Black | 4 | 57% |
| White | 3 | 43% |
| State |||
| South Carolina | 2 | 29% |
| Texas | 2 | 29% |
| Alabama | 1 | 14% |
| Florida | 1 | 14% |
| Louisiana | 1 | 14% |
| Method |||
| Lethal injection | 4 | 57% |
| Nitrogen hypoxia | 2 | 29% |
| Firing squad | 1 | 14% |
| Month |||
| January | 1 | 14% |
| February | 4 | 57% |
| March | 2 | 29% |
| April | 0 | 0% |
| May | 0 | 0% |
| June | 0 | 0% |
| July | 0 | 0% |
| August | 0 | 0% |
| September | 0 | 0% |
| October | 0 | 0% |
| November | 0 | 0% |
| December | 0 | 0% |
| Age |||
| 30–39 | 1 | 14% |
| 40–49 | 3 | 43% |
| 50–59 | 1 | 14% |
| 60–69 | 2 | 29% |
| Total | 7 | 100% |

## Executions in recent years

Number of executions :
| 2026 | — |
| 2025 | 7 |
| 2024 | 25 |
| Total | 32 |
# Towerborne

Towerborne is a free-to-play side-scrolling action role-playing video game developed by Stoic and published by Xbox Game Studios. It released to Steam as an early access game on September 10, 2024 and is scheduled to be released for Windows and Xbox Series X/S on April 29, 2025.

## Gameplay

Towerborne is a side-scrolling action role-playing video game inspired by beat 'em ups. The game takes place in the City of Numbers, a post-apocalyptical fantasy world overwhelmed by monsters. The heroes of Towerborne are known as Aces, who must set out to reclaim lost territories and make the land safe while refugees make their way to the Belfry. Aces can be customized at the Belfry, the game's hub world. Players can choose from several weapon classes, including Pyroclast, Rockbreaker, Sentinel, and Shadowstriker. Players are not locked to any playstyle. The game features a hex-based overworld map. As players explore the game's world, they will open up more hexes and therefore, unlock new mission opportunities and encounter new enemy types. The game supports both local and online four-player cooperative multiplayer.

## Development and release

Towerborne is being developed by Stoic and published by Xbox Game Studios. The game was developed using Unreal Engine, and the game's art style was inspired by animated feature films. Initially the game was designed to be a 2D game like The Banner Saga series, though this was later expanded to include more axes of movement. The tone of the game is more uplifting when compared with The Banner Saga. While the game is set in a post-apocolyptic world, the tower of Belfry was described by the team as "a beacon of hope and safety amongst the ruins of humanity and the City of Numbers".
Codenamed Project Belfry, the game was first leaked in October 2021. The game was officially announced on June 11, 2023, during the Xbox Games Showcase. Towerborne was envisioned by Stoic as a live service game, with the studio planning to introduce new content to the game following its official launch.
On August 20, 2024, it was announced that the game would release in early access on September 10, 2024 for Windows, with the final game releasing as a free-to-play game in 2025.
# Isoko people

Isoko people are an ethnolinguistic group who inhabit the Isoko region of Delta State and Bayelsa State, Nigeria. They are people of southern Nigeria, near the northwestern Niger delta. Delta State and Bayelsa State are part of the 36 states of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
The Isokos speak the Isoko language, a language of the Kwa branch of the Niger-Congo family which is also very linguistically similar to the Urhobo language, Epie-Atissa language, Engenni language. James W. Welch asserted erroneously that Isoko language cluster is similar to the Urhobo language.
The Isoko culture is related to several cultures in the Niger-Delta - namely, Urhobo, Ijaw and Anioma. Urhobo are related in language and culture, leading to the invaders erroneously labelling the Urhobo and Isoko cultural groups as Sobo. This name was strongly rejected by both tribes.
The Isoko ethnic group consist of nineteen clans, namely: Uzere, Ozoro, Erowha, Owhe, Iyede, Okpe, Emede, Igbide, Emevor, Ofagbe, Ellu, Oyede, Umeh, Irri, Aviara, Olomoro, Enwhe, Okpolo and Oleh.

## Notable people

* Don Jazzy, Famous music producer and singer
* Obaro Ikime, Professor of History, University of Ibadan
* Stella Omu, Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria
* Jonathan Akpoborie, Nigerian international footballer
* D'Prince, Afropop singer
* Victor Ikpeba, Nigerian international footballer and brand ambassador
* Joel-Onowakpo Thomas, Senator currently representing Delta South
* Zeb Ejiro, Veteran Film Maker
* Chico Ejiro, Veteran Film Maker
* Eva Alordiah, rap musician
* Fred Amata, actor
* Jeta Amata, filmmaker
* Bovi, comedian
* Patience Oghogho Maseli, first female Deputy Director of Upstream Division at the Department of Petroleum Resources
* Evi Edna Ogholi, reggae musician
* Orezi, musician
* Daddy Showkey, garala singer
* Masai Ujiri, President and former GM of the Toronto Raptors
* Solid Star, musician
* Samuel Oboh, Canadian architect
* Cornelius Adam Igbudu (1914-1981), founder of the Anglican Adam Preaching Society
* Ogaga Ifowodo, human rights activist, lawyer, and writer
* Moses James, Boxer, Olympic medalist 1992, two time world boxing champion.
# Milü

Milü (Chinese: 密率; pinyin: mìlǜ; "close ratio"), also known as Zulü (Zu's ratio), is the name given to an approximation to π (pi) found by Chinese mathematician and astronomer Zu Chongzhi in the 5th century. Using Liu Hui's algorithm (which is based on the areas of regular polygons approximating a circle), Zu famously computed π to be between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927 and gave two rational approximations of π, ⁠22/7⁠ and ⁠355/113⁠, naming them respectively Yuelü (Chinese: 约率; pinyin: yuēlǜ; "approximate ratio") and Milü.
⁠355/113⁠ is the best rational approximation of π with a denominator of four digits or fewer, being accurate to six decimal places. It is within 0.000009% of the value of π, or in terms of common fractions overestimates π by less than ⁠1/3748629⁠. The next rational number (ordered by size of denominator) that is a better rational approximation of π is ⁠52163/16604⁠, though it is still only correct to six decimal places. To be accurate to seven decimal places, one needs to go as far as ⁠86953/27678⁠. For eight, ⁠102928/32763⁠ is needed.
The accuracy of Milü to the true value of π can be explained using the continued fraction expansion of π, the first few terms of which are [3; 7, 15, 1, 292, 1, 1, ...]. A property of continued fractions is that truncating the expansion of a given number at any point will give the "best rational approximation" to the number. To obtain Milü, truncate the continued fraction expansion of π immediately before the term 292; that is, π is approximated by the finite continued fraction [3; 7, 15, 1], which is equivalent to Milü. Since 292 is an unusually large term in a continued fraction expansion (corresponding to the next truncation introducing only a very small term, ⁠1/292⁠, to the overall fraction), this convergent will be especially close to the true value of π:
    $\pi =3+{\cfrac {1}{7+{\cfrac {1}{15+{\cfrac {1}{1+{\color {magenta}{\cfrac {1}{292+\cdots }}}}}}}}}\quad \approx \quad 3+{\cfrac {1}{7+{\cfrac {1}{15+{\cfrac {1}{1+{\color {magenta}0}}}}}}}={\frac {355}{113}}$
Zu's contemporary calendarist and mathematician He Chengtian invented a fraction interpolation method called "harmonization of the divisor of the day" (Chinese: zh:调日法; pinyin: diaorifa) to increase the accuracy of approximations of π by iteratively adding the numerators and denominators of fractions. Zu Chongzhi's approximation π ≈ ⁠355/113⁠ can be obtained with He Chengtian's method.
# John Hammond (basketball)

John Hammond (born July 19, 1954) is an American professional basketball executive who is the senior advisor to the president of basketball operations of the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Previously, Hammond had been the general manager of the Milwaukee Bucks, as well as the assistant general manager with the Detroit Pistons, where he had also worked as an assistant coach. He had also been an assistant coach with the Los Angeles Clippers, University of Missouri, University of Nebraska, and Houston Baptist University. He is a graduate of Greenville College. He is best known in NBA circles as the general manager who drafted NBA star Giannis Antetokounmpo to the Bucks.
Hammond won the 2010 NBA Executive of the Year Award, the first time a Bucks executive had ever won the award in the team's history. Hammond was credited with building a Bucks team that went from 34 to 46 victories in one season, including a return to the playoffs for the first time since 2006. He also was responsible for several moves he made before the 2009–10 season, such as drafting Brandon Jennings and bringing in veteran John Salmons in a trade. Both of them played key roles in the Bucks' 2009–10 season.
The Bucks had reached the NBA Playoffs three times during Hammond's seven-year tenure as general manager, yet had failed to win a playoff series. During one of those three playoff appearances, they had a losing regular season record (38–44) and were swept in the first round, losing each of the four games by an average of 15 points. During Hammond's stewardship the Bucks had posted 240 wins against 318 losses, a winning percentage of .430. The 2013–14 season for the Bucks, the franchise's 46th season, posted a franchise all-time worst record of 15 wins and 67 defeats, a winning percentage of .183, as well as featuring the worst attendance in the NBA. In January 2013, Hammond and Bucks owner Herb Kohl agreed to a three-year contract extension worth approximately $5.5 million. Kohl later sold the team in May 2014.
Despite the dismal season in 2013–14, Hammond had also built the foundation for what would become a championship team with the Bucks before that season, by drafting Giannis Antetokounmpo and making a trade with the Detroit Pistons that included future All-Star Khris Middleton. Both Antetokounmpo and Middleton became the cornerstones for the Bucks' NBA Championship team in 2021.
On May 23, 2017, it was announced that Hammond would sign a five-year deal to be the new general manager of the Orlando Magic alongside friend Jeff Weltman, thus officially ending his tenure with the Milwaukee Bucks.
In the Disney+ film about Giannis Antetokounmpo, Rise, Hammond is portrayed by Taylor Nichols.
On July 5, 2023, it was announced that Hammond was promoted to senior advisor to the president of basketball operations.
# Rebecca Addelman

Rebecca Addelman (born 1981) is a Canadian comedian, writer, director and actress living in Los Angeles, California. She was a contributing staff writer on Fox's sitcom New Girl and is the creator of Guilty Party (TV series).

## Background and education

Addelman is from Ottawa, Ontario. She was born in a Jewish family. She received a B.A. in literature at the University of Toronto (2004) and studied comedy writing and performance at Humber College (2005). After several years working as a copy-editor and performing stand-up comedy, Addelman moved to Los Angeles in 2008.

## Career

While performing stand-up comedy in Canada, Addelman was nominated for The Cream of Comedy and wrote humor articles for The Walrus and Toro Magazine, where she has a bi-monthly column. Addelman performs with Toronto comedians Holly Prazoff and Inessa Frantowski as "HIR". She has also appeared as a panelist on the Much Music show Video on Trial.
Addelman has written for the CURRENT TV animated sketch-comedy show SuperNews!, as well as appearing in the HEEB 100 (whose book, "Sex, Drugs, and Gefilte Fish", she also contributed to). In April and May 2010 she co-wrote and performed "The Holly and Rebecca Show: A Very Special episode" with Prazoff at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre in Los Angeles.
Addelman worked as a staff writer and story editor on Fox's sitcom New Girl beginning in the show's second season.
Addelman wrote and directed the 2018 movie Paper Year, which is loosely based on her own failed marriage. In 2021, she created the show Guilty Party (TV series).

## Personal life

At age 23, Addelman married Will Weldon, who was 19 at the time. The marriage lasted six years. Addelman has one daughter, Hannah Beth Bissonnette, with partner Matthew Bissonnette.
# Miami Creek

Miami Creek is a stream in Bates County, Missouri. It is a tributary of the Marais des Cygnes River.
The stream headwaters are a 38°27′56″N 94°35′07″W﻿ / ﻿38.46556°N 94.58528°W﻿ / 38.46556; -94.58528 and the confluence is at 38°08′44″N 94°20′02″W﻿ / ﻿38.14556°N 94.33389°W﻿ / 38.14556; -94.33389. The source area for the stream lies in the northwest corner of Bates County southeast of Drexel. the stream flows southeast passing under Missouri Route 18 north and east of Merwin. It continues southeast passing southwest of Butler and under U.S. Route 71. It enters the Marais des Cygnes River just north of Missouri Route B about four miles east of Rich Hill.
Miami Creek has the name of the Miami Native American nation.
# Jim Moodie (motorcyclist)

Jim Moodie born 15 February 1966 in Dumfries is a former British Superbike, Supersport and Isle of Man TT racer who retired in 2003 from the TT races after being involved in the accident that claimed the life of David Jefferies. He also raced successfully in British Superbikes, finishing second on two occasions and winning the Supersport championship twice, the first time with his own private bike.
Moodie's first TT win was in 1993 when he was successful in winning both the 600 and 400 Supersport classes, his final win was in 2002 when he won the Junior TT giving him a total of eight TT wins. In the 1998 production TT, Moodie riding a Honda, posted the first ever lap of over 120 mph by a rider on a standard road going production motorcycle. In 1999, riding the by-then ageing 750 cc Honda RC45 against the newer, more powerful 1000 cc Yamahas ridden by David Jefferies and Ian Duffus, Moodie broke the outright TT lap record, then held by Carl Fogarty, from a standing start, a feat not achieved since the late 1960s by world champion John Surtees. However, tyre issues forced Moodie out of the race while in the lead. Moodie was the last rider to break the outright record on a 750 cc machine.
Apart from his racing prowess Moodie was well known for his abilities to develop and set up race machines. One being a twin shock Duckhams rotary Norton that won the British Superbike championship in 1994, and also the Valmoto Racing 2003 Triumph 600 Supersport machine that, against most pundits expectations, won the Isle of Man TT that year in the hands of Bruce Anstey. Triumph also won the 2003 team trophy with Anstey, Moodie and John McGuinness finishing in the top ten ahead of all the top Japanese manufacturers. Triumph were well and truly back.
After retirement, Moodie worked as a dealer of motorhomes and as a motocross rider coach with a base in Scotland, instructing riders such as John McGuinness, Ian Hutchinson, Glen Richards, Stuart Easton and Alex Lowes.
# Andrew Whittaker (ornithologist)

Andrew Whittaker (born 1960 in Leamington) was a British ornithologist, bioacustician and nature conservationist who mainly worked in Brazil.

## Life

Whittaker's fascination for bird world was triggered by his father at the age of seven, who himself was a passionate bird observer. In 1934 he accompanied the ornithologist Clive Minton to several excursions and learned bird ringing, whereby he obtained his first job in 1982 in Israel. This was followed by engagement in the Sandwich Bay observatory, in Borneo, in Long Point, Ontario and Fair Isle. In 1987 he went as a volunteer for a three-year joint project of the WWF with the Smithsonian Institution after Manaus in Brazil. In the second year he became project manager for rainforest birds. From 1993 he organized Victor Emanuel Nature Tours Bird observation tours for the US ecotourism. In 1995 he founded his own company Brazil Birding Tours. Subsequently he traveled South America, Antarctica, Central America and Europe. His customers also included celebrities, including Prince Philip, Al Gore, Tom Hayden and journalist Tom Brokaw]. In 2000 he stood by David Attenborough as a scientific consultant for the television series The Life of Birds. Over 900 hours of bird voices are archived in the British Library of Natural Sounds in London, recorded by Whittaker in Brazil. In 2008, the National Institute for Amazon Research published four of Whittaker's CDs entitled Voices of the Brazilian Amazon, followed by a second edition in 2012. In 2010, a DVD with chants, calls and photos of 1051 Brazilian bird species was published by Avis Brasilis. In 2001, Whittaker co-described the Chapada flycatcher Suiriri Islerorum (considered a junior synonym of Suiri Affinis, formerly described in 1856 by Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister). In 1997, Whittaker discovered a new falcon species, the Cryptic Forest Falcon (Micrastur Mintoni ) which he described in 2003. In 2013, together with Steven Leon Hilty and David Ascanio, he wrote the first description of the newly discovered Delta Amacuro softtail (Thripophaga amacurensis ). In addition, Whittaker was able to document the occurrence of 19 bird species previously undetected in Brazil.
Furthermore, Whittaker rediscovered three bird species that were previously believed lost, including the Chestnut-headed nunlet ( Nonnula Amaurocephala) (no proof from 1936 to 1992), Pelzeln's tody-tyrant (Hemitriccus inornatus) (no evidence from 1831 to 1992), the White-tailed tityra (Tityra leucura) (no proof from 1829 to 2007). The latter was temporarily viewed as an almost fully grown abnormal hybrid between the Black-crowned tityra subspecies Tityra Inquisitor albitorques and Tityra inquisitor furelni, but was reconfirmed in 2024 by the International Ornithologists' Union as a distinct species.

## Taxa

In 2007, Whittaker discovered the Alta Floresta antpitta in the Tapajós National Forest, which from his colleagues Lincoln Silva Carneiro, Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga, Péricles S. Rêgo, Iracilda Sampaio, Horacio Schneider and Alexandre Aleixo was described in 2012 as Hylopezus Whittakeri.
# Richard James Phin

Richard James Phin (1859 – 1939) was a farmer, rancher and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Pipestone in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1912 to 1921 as a Liberal.
He was born in Hespeler, Canada West, of Scottish descent, and was educated at Guelph Agricultural College. In 1883, he moved to Saskatchewan, settling in Moosomin, Saskatchewan. He married Mary Jane "Minnie" Cavanagh in 1884. Phin served on the Methodist church board in Moosomin. Phin established the Spring Creek Cheese Factory. In 1894, the family moved northeast to Elgin district to be closer to the Canadian Pacific Railway line. Phin served as president of the North Rural Telephone Company. He returned to Moosomin in 1930.
# Andrew Whittaker (ornithologist)

Andrew Whittaker (born 1960 in Leamington) was a British ornithologist, bioacustician and nature conservationist who mainly worked in Brazil.

## Life

Whittaker's fascination for bird world was triggered by his father at the age of seven, who himself was a passionate bird observer. In 1934 he accompanied the ornithologist Clive Minton to several excursions and learned bird ringing, whereby he obtained his first job in 1982 in Israel. This was followed by engagement in the Sandwich Bay observatory, in Borneo, in Long Point, Ontario and Fair Isle. In 1987 he went as a volunteer for a three-year joint project of the WWF with the Smithsonian Institution after Manaus in Brazil. In the second year he became project manager for rainforest birds. From 1993 he organized Victor Emanuel Nature Tours Bird observation tours for the US ecotourism. In 1995 he founded his own company Brazil Birding Tours. Subsequently he traveled South America, Antarctica, Central America and Europe. His customers also included celebrities, including Prince Philip, Al Gore, Tom Hayden and journalist Tom Brokaw. In 2000 he stood by David Attenborough as a scientific consultant for the television series The Life of Birds. Over 900 hours of bird voices are archived in the British Library of Natural Sounds in London, recorded by Whittaker in Brazil. In 2008, the National Institute for Amazon Research published four of Whittaker's CDs entitled Voices of the Brazilian Amazon, followed by a second edition in 2012. In 2010, a DVD with chants, calls and photos of 1051 Brazilian bird species was published by Avis Brasilis. In 2001, Whittaker co-described the Chapada flycatcher Suiriri Islerorum (considered a junior synonym of Suiri Affinis, formerly described in 1856 by Karl Hermann Konrad Burmeister). In 1997, Whittaker discovered a new falcon species, the Cryptic Forest Falcon (Micrastur Mintoni ) which he described in 2003. In 2013, together with Steven Leon Hilty and David Ascanio, he wrote the first description of the newly discovered Delta Amacuro softtail (Thripophaga amacurensis ). In addition, Whittaker was able to document the occurrence of 19 bird species previously undetected in Brazil.
Furthermore, Whittaker rediscovered three bird species that were previously believed lost, including the Chestnut-headed nunlet ( Nonnula Amaurocephala) (no proof from 1936 to 1992), Pelzeln's tody-tyrant (Hemitriccus inornatus) (no evidence from 1831 to 1992), the White-tailed tityra (Tityra leucura) (no proof from 1829 to 2007). The latter was temporarily viewed as an almost fully grown abnormal hybrid between the Black-crowned tityra subspecies Tityra Inquisitor albitorques and Tityra inquisitor furelni, but was reconfirmed in 2024 by the International Ornithologists' Union as a distinct species.

## Taxa

In 2007, Whittaker discovered the Alta Floresta antpitta in the Tapajós National Forest, which from his colleagues Lincoln Silva Carneiro, Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga, Péricles S. Rêgo, Iracilda Sampaio, Horacio Schneider and Alexandre Aleixo was described in 2012 as Hylopezus Whittakeri.