OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Attempted assassination of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud

On 18 March 2025, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, president of Somalia, was targeted by Al-Shabaab in a roadside bombing assassination attempt using improvised explosive devices near Villa Somalia, while his entourage headed to Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu. He narrowly survived.

## Background

Al-Shabaab, a Jihadist militant group and ally of Al-Qaeda, has waged an insurgency for more than a decade and continues to control parts of southern and central Somalia.
The group had tried to kill Hassan in 2012, 2013, and 2014.

### Major offensives in southern Somalia

On 20 February 2025, Al-Shabaab started a new offensive called "Operation Ramadan", against the Somali National Army and African Union Stabilization Mission in Somalia forces, and allied clan militias (Somali: Macawiisleey), in Hirshabelle State. The militant group's objective was to regain territory lost in the 2022 ground offensive led by the federal government and African Union, particularly strategic towns and supply routes, and to take control of Somalia's capital Mogadishu.
Al-Shabaab took over more than 15 towns and villages in the Middle Shabelle, Hiran, and Lower Shabelle regions within the first day of the offensive. The state capital Jowhar was later surrounded by Al-Shabaab fighters, and Hirshabelle's president Ali Guudlaawe fled the city. Opposition media compared the event to Afghan president Ashraf Ghani's escape from Kabul when it fell to the Taliban.
On March 7, 2025, the US Embassy in Mogadishu issued an alert cautioning of potential attacks by Al-Shabaab, prompting several nations to cancel flights to Mogadishu airport. In a speech on March 8, 2025, Mohamud accused the United States of disseminating "fake alerts," and such warnings were intended to destabilize his administration. Mohamud argued that these alerts undermined Somalia's sovereignty and urged the nation to focus on self-reliance rather than depending on foreign support.

## Attack

The bomb struck the vehicle as it was passing a checkpoint near the president's at El-Gaabta intersection, a heavily fortified part of the security perimeter surrounding the presidential complex Villa Somalia, as President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud's entourage was traveling to Mogadishu airport to join troops on the frontlines in Hirshabelle. The bomb was planted on the roadside beneath a two-story building.

## Victims

The blast killed at least 10 people, seven security personnel and three civilians, and injured 20 others. Among the victims was 31-year-old Somali Radio Risaala journalist Mohamed Abukar Dabaashe.

## Aftermath

The blast caused extensive damage to a roadside building and left a security convoy's bulletproof vehicle severely damaged. 22 journalists reporting the attack from the prominent radio station Risaala Media, which was briefly shutdown by the government, were detained by police.
Al Shabaab militants claimed the responsibilty of the assassination attempt. The Federal Government of Somalia detained reporters who covered the incident.
# C. Buddingh'

Cornelis "Kees" Buddingh' (7 August 1918 – 24 November 1985) was a Dutch poet, TV-presenter, translator. Amongst others he translated A Clockwork Orange and the complete works of William Shakespeare into Dutch. His son Wiebe Buddingh‘ later became the translator of Harry Potter into the Dutch language. The C. Buddingh'-prijs literary award is named after him.

## Biography

Kees Buddingh’ was born on 7 August 1918 in Dordrecht. He went to the HBS from 1930 to 1935 and in 1938 he received his grade of MO-A in English in The Hague. He was in military service from 1938 to 1940, until he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. For that illness, he was treated for several years.
After several publications in the prewar literary magazines "Den Gulden Winckel" and "Criterium", Buddingh' debuted with his collection "Het geïrriteerde lied" (1941). These publications of surreal poems were illegal, due to the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. In 1944, a little under-the-counter book was clandestinely published, a series of erotic quatrains titled Praeter gallum cantat. Also his translations of four poems by W.H. Auden were issued clandestinely.
While in the sanitarium for his tuberculosis, he wrote his famous "gorgelrijmen", of which "De blauwbilgorgel" (1943) is the most famous. This particular poem was inspired by an English children's novel titled The Bluebillgurgle by E. Nesbit. He published the "gorgelrijmen" in many different editions, among which "10 gorgelrijmen", an illustrated collection of which only ten copies were printed in 1954. He also worked for "Gard Sivik" and "Barbarber", two Dutch magazines.
Later in his life, Buddingh’ was a literary critic and a translator. He translated many English books into Dutch, including The Forsyte Saga by John Galsworthy and A Clockwork Orange, together with his son Wiebe. Together with the cartoonist Otto Dicke he created the newspaper comics Spekkie en Blekkie (1955-1965) and Jesje en Josje, for which he wrote the scripts.
Throughout his life, Buddingh' felt a strong connection to his native town of Dordrecht and the city features in many of his works including the poem "Ode aan Dordrecht". In 1975 he wrote the "Boekenweekgeschenk". Buddingh' published a translation of a volume of poetry by D.J. Enright, "Paradise Illustrated", in 1982.
He had a part-time job at the institute for translation studies at the University of Amsterdam. Buddingh' also was the chairman of the publishing company De Bezige Bij and was granted an honorary citizenship of Dordrecht on his 60th birthday.

## Personal life

In 1950 he married Christina "Stientje" van Vuren. They had two sons, Sacha and Wiebe. Kees Buddingh’ died while recovering from an operation on 24 November 1985.

## Sources

* ↑ "Otto Dicke". lambiek.net. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
# Kulliyyah of Medicine

Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine at International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) is a publicly funded medical institution located in Kuantan, Pahang.
The institute aims to produce doctors who practice holistic medical practices , integrated with Islamic principles, to lead and influence medical practice globally.
The undergraduate medical course currently occurs at the Kuantan campus, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, and Hospital Pekan. These hospitals are located in Pahang and are used for teaching students during the clinical phase of the program. An agreement formalized through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) in 1997 facilitates the use of these hospitals for undergraduate and postgraduate medical education.
Kulliyyah of Medicine has now expanded into postgraduate activities. There are master's and PhD programs available in basic medical sciences, as well as clinical postgraduate programs, which are overseen by the conjoint boards of each specialty.
Kulliyyah of Medicine is located in Pahang, with a population of nearly 1.6 million people. This region houses many expatriates and local professionals in the petrochemical and automotive industries. A tertiary teaching hospital is needed to serve this area with the various needs of the population. IIUM This will be in line with the national plan to develop ECER and SEZ within the Pahang and southern Terengganu region.
Kulliyyah of Medicine uses Hospital Tuanku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) in Pahang as the main teaching hospital. The total number of beds in the nine government hospitals in the state is 1,585, 8 private hospitals with 143 beds, and 1 estate hospital with 10 beds. The bed-to-population ratio for Pahang is 1:773, with the ratio in Terengganu at 1:837. For comparison, the ratio in Klang Valley is 1:232, Penang 1:349, Johor 1:473 and the national average is 1:496. The WHO recommended average is 1:400, and there is a need to increase the number of beds for the patients in this region.
Kulliyyah of Medicine in Kuantan uses HTAA as the main teaching hospital for the university. HTAA is a service hospital with basic teaching facilities. HTAA is also used by other Kulliyyah's as well as by local private learning institutions for nursing, allied health science, and pharmacy students.
# The Socialist (SLP newspaper)

The Socialist was the newspaper of the Socialist Labour Party (SLP), a De Leonist organisation in Britain founded in 1903.

## Publication history
### Establishment

The Socialist was set up by James Connolly in 1901. He was its first editor, after which George Yates took over. During Yates' editorship, it was the focus of the De Leonists within the Social Democratic Federation (SDF). After writing an article critical of the SDF Executive in 1903, Yates was expelled, and the supporters of The Socialist founded the SLP.
In 1904, Yates resigned; by the early 1910s, it was edited by John William Muir; John Smith Clarke was editor for a time, while this role was later taken on by Arthur MacManus, who from 1919 to 1920 was joint editor with Tom Bell. Publication was sporadic after 1922, but it continued on occasion as a duplicated journal.

### Later years

The publication continued to be published as the organ of the Socialist Labour Party of Great Britain throughout the 1920s and 1930s, briefly lapsing from publication during the second half of the latter decade. Publication of the monthly was resumed in January 1939.

## Editors

* James Connolly (1901)
* George Yates (1903)
* John Carstairs Matheson (1904)
* John William Muir (c. 1910)
* John S. Clarke (1913)
* Arthur MacManus (1914)
* Arthur MacManus and Tom Bell (1919)
* James Clunie (1920)

## Footnotes

* ↑ Raymond Challinor, The Origins of British Bolshevism, pp. 274-275
* 1 2 Eric Hass, "The Socialist Labor Party and the Internationals," Fifty Years of American Marxism, 1891-1941: Commemorating the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Weekly People. New York: Socialist Labor Party of America, 1941, pg. 50.
# Howmeh Rural District (Kahnuj County)

Howmeh Rural District (Persian: دهستان حومه) is in the Chah Morid District of Kahnuj County, Kerman province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chah Hajji.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of the Central District) was 10,491 in 2,180 households. There were 5,435 inhabitants in 1,335 households at the following census of 2011, by which time the rural district had been separated from the district in the establishment of Chah Morid District. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 5,232 in 1,430 households. The most populous of its 24 villages was Deh-e Hut, with 1,198 people.
# Statue of Responsibility

The Statue of Responsibility is a proposed monument that is meant to complement the Statue of Liberty. Inspired by the Austrian neurologist, psychologist, philosopher, and Holocaust survivor Viktor Frankl, the project was endorsed by the governor of Utah in 2023, and it is planned to be built on the site of a former prison.
In his book Man's Search for Meaning, Frankl states:
   Freedom, however, is not the last word. Freedom is only part of the story and half of the truth. Freedom is but the negative aspect of the whole phenomenon whose positive aspect is responsibleness. In fact, freedom is in danger of degenerating into mere arbitrariness unless it is lived in terms of responsibleness. That is why I recommend that the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast be supplemented by a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast.
Frankl's concept for the statue grew in popularity after the publication of Man's Search for Meaning, and drew the affection of Stephen Covey, author of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. Covey teamed up with Kevin Hall to push the idea of the statue forward in the 1990s, and eventually commissioned the sculptor Gary Lee Price, who came up with the concept of two hands clasped together, one lifting the other up, symbolizing the need for people to help each other. The edge of the structure features a multi-coloured stained glass design and the top will have an observation deck. The design was approved by Frankl's widow, and they began looking for a location to construct it. Their first choice was California, to have it in a Pacific Ocean harbour to complement the Statue of Liberty's position in the Atlantic harbour of New York.
When the approval process in California proved too difficult, the governor of Utah, Spencer Cox, endorsed the project and suggested a location in his state in 2023. Construction has not yet started, and the board overseeing development of the proposed site has not yet approved the project. The proposed design will stand 300-feet tall and is expected to cost $350 million USD, which is being raised through private donations to the Statue of Responsibility Foundation. The design of the site and construction is being led by Utah architecture firm FFKR Architects.
# Sofia Pernas

Sofia Pernas is an American actress who currently resides in Los Angeles. She starred in the NBC series The Brave and in the CBS action adventure series Blood & Treasure.

## Early life

Sofia Pernas was born July 31, 1989 in Fez, Morocco. Her parents emigrated to the United States when she was five years old and grew up in Orange County, California. Her mother is from Morocco, while her father is from Spain; both are multilingual. As a result, she speaks five languages: Arabic, English, Spanish, French and German. Although she initially planned a career in journalism, she was redirected to a career in modeling and acting after being scouted.

## Career

Pernas played Marisa Sierras on The Young and the Restless from 2015 to 2017, and appeared on the telenovela Jane the Virgin from 2016 to 2017. She starred as Hannah Rivera in the NBC series The Brave from 2017 to 2018, and played Lexi Vaziri on the CBS series Blood & Treasure from 2019 until its cancellation in 2022.

## Personal life

Pernas began dating her former The Young and the Restless co-star Justin Hartley in May 2020. They married in March 2021.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Age of the Dragons | Rachel | |
| 2014 | Roger Corman's Operation Rogue | Jenna Wallace | |
| 2014 | Indigenous | Elena | |
| 2018 | Green Ghost and the Masters of the Stone | Karina | |
| 2020 | Secret Society of Second-Born Royals | Princess Anna | Disney+ |
| 2024 | Sonic the Hedgehog 3 | Gabriella | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2009 | The Immortal Voyage of Captain Drake | Isabella Drake | Television film |
| 2011 | NCIS | Marine First Lieutenant Gabriela Flores | Episodes: "Engaged (Parts I & II)" |
| 2011 | Leverage | Sister Lupe | Episode: "The Boys Night Out Job" |
| 2015–2017 | The Young and the Restless | Marisa Sierras | Recurring role |
| 2016 | Transylvania | Coriander | Television film |
| 2016–2017 | Jane the Virgin | Catalina | Recurring role (season 3), 5 episodes |
| 2017–2018 | The Brave | Hannah Rivera | Main role |
| 2018 | He Knows Your Every Move | Ramona | TV film |
| 2019–2022 | Blood & Treasure | Lexi Vaziri | Season 1 & 2 |
| 2022 | Quantum Leap | Tammy Jean Jessup / Carla | Episode: "A Decent Proposal" |
| 2024 | Tracker | Billie Matalon | 2 episodes: S1.E6: "Lexington", S2.E3: "Bloodlines" |
# Downham Rural District

Downham Rural District was a rural district in Norfolk, England from 1894 to 1974.
It was formed under the Local Government Act 1894 based on the Downham rural sanitary district. It completely encircled Downham Market Urban District.
In 1930 a new parish of Nordelph was created in Downham RD, taking land mostly out of the Marshland RD parish of Upwell.
Several changes were made to its boundaries in 1935. In particular, it took in four large (in area terms) parishes from the disbanded Thetford Rural District.
In 1974, the district was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, and became part of the West Norfolk district, renamed King's Lynn and West Norfolk in 1981.

## Welney Rural District

Welney Rural District was (at least nominally) a short-lived entity created in 1894 containing one parish, West Welney, which had been in Downham RSD but lay in the Isle of Ely rather than Norfolk. Its population at the time was about 500. In 1895 the parish was transferred to Norfolk, and Welney RD was absorbed by Downham RD. There does not appear to be any evidence that it ever actually functioned.

## Statistics

| Year | Area (ha) | Population | Density (pop/ha) |
| 1911 | 33,156 | 15,527 | 0.47 |
| 1921 | 33,156 | 14,660 | 0.44 |
| 1931 | 34,565 | 15,503 | 0.45 |
| 1951 | 50,243 | 24,496 | 0.49 |
| 1961 | 50,243 | 23,655 | 0.47 |

## Parishes

| Parish | From | To | Notes |
| Barton Bendish | | | |
| Bexwell | | 1935 | Added to Ryston |
| Boughton | | | |
| Crimplesham | | | |
| Denver | | | |
| Downham West | | | |
| Feltwell | 1935 | | Formerly Thetford RD |
| Fincham | | | |
| Fordham | | | |
| Hilgay | | | |
| Hockwold cum Wilton | 1935 | | Formerly Thetford RD |
| Marham | | | |
| Methwold | 1935 | | Formerly Thetford RD |
| Nordelph | 1930 | | Created from parts of Denver, Downham West & Stow Bardolph and from Outwell and Upwell in Marshland RD |
| Northwold | 1935 | | Formerly Thetford RD |
| Runcton Holme | | | |
| Ryston | | | |
| Ryston with Roxham | | 1935 | Added to Ryston |
| Shouldham | | | |
| Shouldham Thorpe | | | |
| Southery | | | |
| Stoke Ferry | | | |
| Stow Bardolph | | | |
| Stradsett | | | |
| Tottenhill | | | |
| Watlington | | | |
| Welney | | | |
| Wereham | | | |
| West Dereham | | | |
| West Welney | 1895 | 1935 | Welney RD 1894-95. Added to Welney 1935 |
| Wiggenhall St Germans | | | As "Wiggenhall St German" before 1935 |
| Wiggenhall St Mary Magdalen | | | |
| Wiggenhall St Mary the Virgin | | | |
| Wiggenhall St Peter | | 1935 | Added to Wiggenhall St Germans |
| Wimbotsham | | | |
| Wormegay | | | |
| Wretton | | | |
# Matías Porcari

Matías Sebastián Porcari (born April 12, 1986) is an Argentine football midfielder playing for 9 de Julio de Río Tercero.

## Career
### Beginning

Born in Laguna Larga, Córdoba Province, Argentina, Porcari had an astonishing beginning. He debuted for the seniors of Belgrano de Cordoba in 2003 and by 2004 he was their established number 10. He got to be considered one of the greatest talents of Córdoba Province. He joined the club when he was 13. After debuting for the seniors, coach Marcelo Bonetto was so impressed that said that Belgrano was Porcari plus 10 more players.

### Move to Uruguay

By the own words of Porcari, he left Belgrano at his best age because of some personal problems. After a season on loan at CAI, he decided to accept a move abroad to Uruguay and signed with Fénix. With Porcari as playmaker, Fenix managed to become champions of the Uruguayan Segunda División for 2008–09. This immediately called the attention of Uruguayan Primera División side Danubio which brought Porcari on loan for the 2009–10 season where he played along Álvaro Recoba. However, with Fénix already playing top-level, they brought back Porcari to their squad and he played with Fénix in Uruguayan top-league seasons 2010–11 and first half of 2011–12. At that time many European clubs had already noticed Porcari, and the fact that he hold Italian passport, thus could play as EU player, also helped.

### Europe

The first European experience for Porcari happened during winter break of the 2011–12 season when he was loaned to Hungarian top-league side Budapest Honvéd. The experience had no major impact in his career as he made only two Nemzeti Bajnokság I (Hungarian top-league) appearances, and played more for the reserves team. As soon as the season ended, Porcari left and returned to Uruguay in summer 2013 by signing with Progreso and playing with them the entire 2012–13 Uruguayan Primera División season. Following summer, Serbian newly promoted top-league club Radnički Kragujevac decided to give him a chance and brought him, but only two appearances in the first half-season of the 2013–14 Serbian SuperLiga made the club and Porcari come to an easy mutual agreement of termination of contract.

### Return to South America

After returning from Serbia, Porcari joined Uruguayan top-flight side Juventud where he stayed a full year, from January 2014 to January 2015. Then, he returned to Argentina where he played with Olimpo until January 2016. Then in 2016 he joined a Venezuelan club, Potros de Barinas. He stayed in Venezuela for almost one year. Afterwards, he played with 9 de Julio de Río Tercero.
# Ponce de León Island

Ponce de León Island was a proposed name for the 45 miles (72 km) long, barrier island stretching from Cape Canaveral to Sebastian Inlet in Brevard County in central Florida, located on the Atlantic Ocean. The population was 67,933 at the 2010 United States Census. The barrier island is 21.4 square miles (55 km$^2$). Another proposed name for this area was Ais Island after the native Ais people who originally inhabited the area. Currently, the island has not yet been designated any official name.

## History

Since 2000, historians from Brevard County have worked to name this stretch of land to Ponce de León Island due to a theory originated by Douglas Peck that the Spanish explorer and soldier Juan Ponce de León first landed there in 1513 as the first European to set foot in Florida. This contests the once popular view that Ponce de León first landed in St. Augustine. The American Indian Association of Florida also proposed the name Ais Island for this area, sparking a controversy. Both proposals were considered by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) in 2012, but no name was approved.
Many beach-side cities who were formally for the naming of Ponce de Leon have since rescinded their previous decisions based on the revelation of old evidence of Ponce's treatment of the Taino Indians in Puerto Rico and that Peck's theory is not universally accepted as fact.

## Pros and cons

Arguments against naming the barrier island include claims that he was actively involved in the Higuey massacre in Hispaniola. and then in 1508 chosen by the Spanish Crown to lead the conquest and exploitation of Puerto Rico and the enslavement of the native Taino people there, for gold mining operations.

## Ais Island

There is a proposal with USGS to name the formentioned barrier islands, Ais Island. The reasoning is that this name is more historically accurate than the name Ponce de Leon. The Ais and their ancestors lived in this area for 3000 years. It was named The Province of Ais by the Spanish in the 17th century. In 1601 the Spanish king commissioned a map of Florida indicating his desires for a fort to be built in Miami. On the map he indicated the land we know as Brevard County as the 'Province of Ais', as it was typical in those days to designate a region of specific tribal domination and generally took its name from the ruling cacique.

## Coacoochee Island

A third naming application was submitted to the BGN by the Miccosukee Simanolee Nation in 2012 to name the island in honor of the Seminole chief Coacoochee.