OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Legcuffs

Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters or leg irons. The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot".
Shackles are typically used on prisoners and slaves. Leg shackles also are used for chain gangs to keep them together.
Metaphorically, a fetter may be anything that restricts or restrains in any way, hence the word "unfettered".

## I Will Shoot You To Death!

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## History

The earliest fetters found in archaeological excavations date from the prehistoric age and are mostly of the puzzle lock type. Fetters are also referenced in ancient times in the Bible (2 Samuel 3:34, Job 36:13, Psalm 149:8)
A variety of restraint types already existed in Roman times. Some early versions of cup lock shackles existed at this time. These were widely used in medieval times, but their use declined when mass production made the manufacture of locks built into restraints affordable.
Simple fetter types continue to be used, like puzzle lock shackles as the typical slave iron, or irons riveted shut for prisoners being transported to overseas prison camps.
The first built-in locks often were of a simple screw-type, but soon developed into the "Darby" type. In Europe these continued to be used into the middle of the 20th century, whereas in the U.S. from the late 19th century onwards many new designs were invented and produced before handcuffs and leg irons of the Peerless type became the standard several decades ago.
One type of shackle, called an "Oregon Boot" or "Gardner Shackle", was patented in 1866 by the warden of the Oregon State Penitentiary, J. C. Gardner. The shackle consisted of an iron band supported by braces which went down and under the prisoner's foot. The shackle's weight hobbled the prisoner's movements to prevent escape, and long-term use would cause severe injury to the wearer. Use of this type of shackle was ended by the mid-20th century.

## Controversial use

In comparison to handcuffs, the wearing of leg irons may be found less restrictive. Thus, the prison authorities in several countries deem their long-term use acceptable. To avoid condoning this controversial practice, the countries of the European Union have banned exporting leg irons into non-EU countries. The countries that continue to make prisoners wear fetters long-term now tend to manufacture their own restraints.

## Gallery

* Cup lock shackle with no built-in lock
* Standard type legcuffs made in Taiwan
* Heavy legcuffs from China, including a metal plate to protect the keyhole from collecting dust or being tampered with
# Vision College

[[File:
|thumb|upright=1.2|Vision College, Selangor, Kelana Jaya, 2018]]
Vision College is a private college located in Kelana Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, with a 50,000 sq ft (4,600 m$^2$)campus. The college offers diploma and foundation programmes in the following fields: Ultrasonography, Nursing, Health Science, Medical Imaging, Business, Accounting, Information Technology, and Law Enforcement.

## Awards and recognition

Programmes offered by Vision College are approved by the Malaysian Qualification Agency (MQA) and the Ministry of Education (MOE).
The college itself is accredited ISO 9001, and is accorded with a five-star rating by MyQuest.

## Programmes offered
### Health Sciences

* Advanced Diploma in Medical Ultrasonography (ADMU)
* Diploma in Medical Imaging (DMI)
* Diploma in Health Science (DHS)
* Disploma in Nursing (DNS)
* Diploma in Physiotherapy (DIP)
* Diploma in Opticianry (DIO)
* Foundation in Science (FIS)
* Certificate in Science (CIS)

### Business

* Diploma in Law Enforcement (DLE)
* Diploma in Business Administration (DBA)
* Diploma in Accounting (DIA)
* Diploma in Hotel Management (DHM)
* Diploma in Information Technology (DIT)
* Diploma in Logistics Management (DLM)
* Foundation in Business (FIB)
* Certificate in Business (CIB)
# Alessandro Marangoni

Alessandro Marangoni (born 1979) is an Italian classical pianist.
He studied piano with Marco Vincenzi, and, after a diploma summa cum laude, continued his studies at the Scuola di Musica di Fiesole with Maria Tipo. He also studied philosophy, graduating from the Università di Pavia with honors with a thesis about Fernando Liuzzi's philosophy of music.
Marangoni has won a number of awards, both in his native Italy and abroad, including, in 2007, the prestigious Amici di Milano International Prize for Music. He has performed in many European countries, and in the United States, as a soloist and as a member of chamber groups. He has worked with many of Italy's leading musicians, including Mario Ancillotti, Aldo Ceccato, Valentina Cortese, Quirino Principe, the Nuovo Quartetto Italiano and Carlo Zardo. Marangoni has also performed more than one hundred concerts on Second Life, under his avatar Benito Flores.
He has recorded music by composers such as Rossini, Muzio Clementi, and Liszt, for the Naxos record label.
Marangoni teaches piano and chamber music in master classes in Europe and South America.
# Martha Araújo (athlete)

Martha Valeria Araújo Sinisterra (born 12 May 1996) is a Colombian athlete competing in the Heptathlon. She represented her country at the 2023 World Championships in Budapest without finishing the competition. In addition, she has won multiple medals on regional level.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Colombia ||||||
| 2013 | Pan American U20 Championships | Medellín, Colombia | 13th | Long jump | 5.46 m |
| 2017 | Bolivarian Games | Santa Marta, Colombia | 2nd | Heptathlon | 5703 pts |
| 2018 | South American Games | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 2nd | Heptathlon | 5719 pts |
| 2018 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Barranquilla, Colombia | 4th | Heptathlon | 5744 pts |
| 2018 | South American U23 Championships | Cuenca, Ecuador | 1st | Heptathlon | 5818 pts |
| 2019 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 3rd | Heptathlon | 5708 pts |
| 2019 | Pan American Games | Lima, Peru | 3rd | Heptathlon | 5925 pts |
| 2021 | South American Championships | Guayaquil, Ecuador | 2nd | Heptathlon | 5866 pts |
| 2022 | Ibero-American Championships | La Nucia, Spain | 1st | Heptathlon | 5951 pts |
| 2022 | Bolivarian Games | Valledupar, Colombia | 1st | Heptathlon | 5975 pts GR |
| 2022 | South American Games | Asunción, Paraguay | 1st | Heptathlon | 6112 pts GR |
| 2023 | Central American and Caribbean Games | San Salvador, El Salvador | 2nd | Heptathlon | 5960 pts |
| 2023 | South American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 1st | Heptathlon | 5785 pts |
| 2023 | World Championships | Budapest, Hungary | — | Heptathlon | DNF |
| 2024 | Ibero-American Championships | Cuiabá, Brazil | 1st | Heptathlon | 6274 pts CR |
| 2024 | Olympic Games | Paris, France | 7th | Heptathlon | 6386 pts AR |

## Personal bests
### Outdoor

* 200 metres – 24.14 (-0.3 m/s, Bogotá 2024)
* 400 metres – 55.08 (Bogotá 2025)
* 800 metres – 2:17.55 (Paris 2024)
* 100 metres hurdles – 12.91 (+1.2 m/s, Cuiabá 2024)
* High jump – 1.75 m (Talence 2024)
* Long jump – 6.61 m (+0.9 m/s, Paris 2024)
* Triple jump – 11.74 m (+0.0 m/s, Monterrey 2014)
* Shot put – 14.15 m (Paris 2024)
* Javelin throw – 54.22 m (Asunción 2022)
* Heptathlon – 6429 pts AR (Talence 2024)
* 4 × 100 metres relay – 46.88 (Medellín 2018)
* 4 × 400 metres relay – 3:33.43 (Bogotá 2025)
# Crash Proof

Crash Proof: How to Profit From the Coming Economic Collapse is an investment book by American investment broker, Peter Schiff.

## Description

The book, published in 2007, just before the 2008 financial crisis predicted an imminent decline in the value of the American dollar and advised investment in foreign securities and precious metals. Following the recession of 2008, he published an updated version of the book called Crash Proof 2.0 which in January 2010 was listed on the New York Times best-seller list.
# John Kennedy Jr. (footballer)

John James Kennedy Jr. (born 22 November 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer, the son of former Hawthorn footballer, coach John Kennedy Sr. and the father of Josh Kennedy, who played for Hawthorn and the Sydney Swans.
Kennedy was a four-time premiership player for Hawthorn. In 1993, Kennedy was appointed as assistant coach to Peter Knights at the Hawks. In 1995, Kennedy was elected to the board of directors of the Hawthorn Football Club. He is no longer a member.
Kennedy played a total of 241 games for Hawthorn, placing him 11th in the list of the most club matches in Hawthorn history at the end of the 2005 season.
Kennedy supported the planned merger between Hawthorn and Melbourne in 1996.
Kennedy is also of an Italian descent through his maternal grandparents.
# René de Galard de Béarn, marquis de Brassac

René de Galard de Béarn, marquis de Brassac (1699 – October 1771), member of the noble family de Galard, was a French soldier and amateur composer of the Baroque era. He wrote two operas and a collection of cantatas. He was a cavalry officer, appointed maréchal de camp (major-general) in 1748 and lieutenant-general in 1758.

## Operas

* L'empire de l'amour (ballet héroïque, 1733; expanded version, 1741)
* Léandre et Héro (tragédie en musique, 1750)

## Sources

* Le magazine de l'opéra baroque by Jean-Claude Brenac (in French)
# Silene douglasii

Silene douglasii is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name Douglas's catchfly.
It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California to Wyoming, where it grows in several habitat types, including forests, woodlands, and coastal scrub.

## Description

Silene douglasii is a tufted perennial herb growing from a branching caudex and taproot, its stems decumbent to upright and up to 70 centimeters long. The stem is coated in curly or feltlike gray-white hairs. The lance-shaped leaves are up to 6 centimeters long on the lower stem and are smaller higher up.
Each flower is encapsulated in a cylindrical inflated calyx of sepals lined with ten green or purple-red veins. It is open at the tip, revealing five white, pink or purplish petals, each with two wide lobes at the tip.

### Varieties

There are three varieties of this species.
* Silene douglasii var. douglasii
* Silene douglasii var. oraria — Seabluff catchfly, rare and endemic to the Oregon coastline.
* Silene douglasii var. rupinae
# 2013 Bali gubernatorial election

The 2013 Bali gubernatorial election was a regional head election held on May 15 2013 to elect the Governor and Vice Governor of Bali for the five-year term (2013–2018).

## Description

There were two candidate pairs competing in this election, namely Anak Agung Gede Ngurah Puspayoga (former Mayor of Denpasar and Vice Governor of Bali) and Dewa Nyoman Sukrawan who was supported by Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P). And I Made Mangku Pastika (previous Governor of Bali) and I Ketut Sudikerta who were supported by Democratic Party. This general election was finally won by the Pastika-Kerta pair with a vote acquisition of 1,062,738 or 50.02% while the Puspayoga-Sukrawan pair received 1,063,734 votes or 49.98%. This result was then validated after the decision of the Bali Provincial General Elections Commission on May 26, 2013.

## Candidates

| Number order | Gubernatorial candidate | Vice gubernatorial candidate | Political party | Number of House of Representatives seats | Description |
| 1 | Anak Agung Gede Ngurah Puspayoga | Dewa Nyoman Sukrawan | Proponents: PDI-P PNIM Supporters: PKS Nasdem | 25 / 55 | |
| 2 | I Made Mangku Pastika | I Ketut Sudikerta | Supporters: Democratic Golkar PAN Gerindra Hanura PKPI PKPB PNBK PKP | 29 / 55 | |
In the seconds leading up to the closing of registration for candidates for Governor and Deputy Governor of Bali, the former Regent of Jembrana, namely I Gede Winasa and a businessman I Putu Sudiartana suddenly appeared and registered as prospective candidates for Governor and Deputy Governor of Bali at the KPU office Bali Province at 15.00 WITA before closing. The Winasa-Sudiartana pair was supported by 28 political parties with 338,479 votes or 18.27%. However, this pair failed to register as candidates for Governor and Deputy Governor of Bali because they failed to complete the files by the time specified by the KPU.

## Results of elections

| Candidate | Party | Vote | % |
| Puspa-Sukrawan | PDI Perjuangan and PNI Marhaenism | 1,062,738 | 49.98% |
| Pastika-Sudikerta | Democratic Party, Golkar Party, PAN, Gerindra Party, HANURA Party, PKPI, PKPB, PNBK, and Work Party of Struggle | 1,063,734 | 50.02% |
| Invalid/Golput | Invalid/Golput | 792,352 | |
| Total | Total | 2,159,234 | 100% |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 2,918,824 | |
| Source: | | | |
# Dum Dum Cantonment railway station

Dum Dum Cantonment (DDC) is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station in Dum Dum. The Dum Dum Cantonment metro station is adjacent to Dum Dum Cantonment railway station. It was named by the Cantonment area near Dum Dum. It serves Gorabazar, Subhas Nagar, Kumarpara, Natun Bazar and surrounding Dum Dum Cantonment areas.
Dum Dum Cantonment is located on Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line of Kolkata Suburban Railway. Link between Dum Dum to Khulna now in Bangladesh, via Bangaon was constructed by the Bengal Central Railway Company in 1882–84. The Sealdah–Dum Dum–Barasat–Ashok Nagar–Bangaon sector was electrified in 1963–64. It had been also a station of Kolkata Circular Railway between 2006 and 2016, after closure and dismantling of Dum Dum Cantonment - Biman Bandar section it is removed from Kolkata Circular Railway stations.

## Station complex

The station consists of three platforms. The platform is very much well sheltered with newly installed seating arrangements and fans.

## Connections
### Auto

8 Auto services are available from this station. Autos are available towards Nagerbazar More, Promod Nagar Bazar, Mathkal, Shibtala, Matish Roy Setu, 1 no. Airport Gate, Sukur Ali More and Dudhpukur.

### Bus

Bus route number 30D serves the station which runs from Dum Dum Cantonment to Babughat.

### Metro

Under construction Dum Dum Cantonment metro station of Yellow Line is situated just beside of it. It will be connected through footover bridge.

### Air

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport is just 3.9 km away from the station which was previously connected through Rail between 2006 and 2016. But after 2016 it was closed and dismantled. Currently only connection with it, is auto. But in future it will be connected also through Yellow Line.
# Cardiff Castle Stables

Cardiff Castle Stables, Cardiff, Wales, were designed in 1868-69 by the Gothic revivalist architect William Burges. Work on the stables continued into the 1870s, and they were not completed until 1928-29. One of only two stable blocks designed by Burges, they now accommodate the Anthony Hopkins Centre, part of the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama. The stables are a Grade II* listed building.

## History

In 1865, Burges met John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute. This may have resulted from Alfred Burges's engineering firm, Walker, Burges and Cooper, having undertaken work on the East Bute Docks in Cardiff for the second Marquess. The 3rd Marquess became Burges's greatest architectural patron; both were men of their times; both had fathers whose industrial endeavours provided the means for their sons' architectural achievements, and both sought to "redeem the evils of industrialism by re-living the art of the Middle Ages".
   It forms an entire quadrangle, entered by gateways on opposite sides. A fountain, which, if it would not frighten the horses, would certainly form an effective feature, occupies the centre, and the inevitable turret, dedicated to pigeons, sticks up at one corner, but hardlyy so as to gather the group together as well as it should. [Still], the design is one we should be glad to see carried out.
The stables were designed by Burges in 1868-69, construction took place between 1872-75 and they were not completed until 1928-29. The are reputedly one of only two sets of stables Burges ever designed; neither he, nor Bute, were much interested in horses. Nevertheless, they formed an essential component of the large-scale Victorian country house into which they jointly transformed the castle.
After the Second World War, the stables housed Parks Department of Cardiff City Council. In the 1960s a long lease was given to the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama. Following the construction of a new campus immediately to the north of the stables in the 1990s, the stables themselves were converted to the Anthony Hopkins centre which opened in 1999. The Welsh-born Hopkins studied at the Royal Welsh College and is now college's vice-president.

## Architecture and description

The stables are designated a Grade II* listed building.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Pauline Sargent, a member of the South Glamorgan County Architects department and curator of an exhibition of Burges drawings and stained glass cartoons held at Cardiff Castle from July to August 1977 suggests that John (James) McConnochie may have made the introduction. McConnochie was employed by Burges, Walker and Cooper, Burges's father's firm, and subsequently worked for Bute as Chief Engineer at Cardiff Docks.
# Tom Spezialy

Tom Spezialy is an American television producer and screenwriter. He is best known for executive producing and writing for the television series Watchmen, The Leftovers, Reaper, and Desperate Housewives. His work has been recognized by the Primetime Emmys, Golden Globe Awards, WGA Awards, and Peabody Awards.

## Early Life

Spezialy is a native of Anchorage, Alaska, and a graduate from the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts.

## Career

Spezialy began his career in 1989 writing for comedy television. In addition to writing and producing for shows such as Parker Lewis Can't Lose, Jack & Jill, and Ed, he also co-developed the series Weird Science.
During the 2004–2005 television season, Spezialy became known as executive producer and writer for Desperate Housewives, a genre-defying show both critically and commercially acclaimed. The series was nominated for multiple Primetime Emmy awards during his tenure, including Outstanding Comedy Series, and it received the Golden Globe for Best Television Series - Musical or Comedy in both 2005 and 2006.
In 2007, Spezialy continued his work in comedic television when he joined the CW's devil-centered comedy, Reaper, as executive producer and writer, the first season of which generated exceptional critical acclaim. Following that, in 2011, Spezialy created and served as an executive producer on the CBS comedy-drama television series CHAOS.
Not limited to a singular genre, Spezialy's work in the drama space includes writing for series such as WGN's Manhattan and Hulu's Castle Rock. In addition, he developed for television and penned the pilot for the horror-comedy Ash vs Evil Dead on Starz.
Spezialy served as writer and executive producer for the highly acclaimed The Leftovers at HBO, which received a Peabody Award. The second and third seasons received a 94% and 99% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, respectively, and the critics' consensus complimented the show's "reliably ambitious storytelling and outstanding performances." In Maureen Ryan's review for Variety, she wrote that the final season "is spectacular, in every sense of that word."
In 2019, Spezialy was a writer and executive producer on the HBO limited series Watchmen, which also received widespread critical acclaim. It received 11 awards for the 72nd Primetime Emmys, the most of any show in 2020, including Outstanding Limited Series. The series also accepted the 2020 Writers Guild Award for New Series.
In 2021, Spezialy was chosen to write the feature film adaptation of Hyperion, Dan Simmons' science fiction novel, which was set up at Warner Bros. Studios.
Most recently, Spezialy had a overall deal at Amazon Studios, during which he joined the Sony's Spider-Man Universe series Silk and worked as writer/executive producer for the upcoming series, Blade Runner 2099.
# Lianzhou, Zhuhai

Lianzhou (Chinese: 莲洲) is a town of Doumen District, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China. As of 2018, it has 3 residential communities and 27 villages under its administration.
# Rogers Creek (Current River tributary)

Rogers Creek is a stream in Carter and Shannon counties in the Ozarks of southeast Missouri. It is a tributary of the Current River.
The stream headwaters are in eastern Shannon County at 37°04′08″N 91°13′52″W﻿ / ﻿37.06889°N 91.23111°W﻿ / 37.06889; -91.23111 and its confluence with the Current River in northwestern Carter County is at 37°02′56″N 91°03′42″W﻿ / ﻿37.04889°N 91.06167°W﻿ / 37.04889; -91.06167.
Rogers Creek most likely was named after John Rogers, a pioneer settler.
# Bioactive compound

A bioactive compound is a compound that has an effect on a living organism, tissue or cell, usually demonstrated by basic research in vitro or in vivo in the laboratory. While dietary nutrients are essential to life, bioactive compounds have not been proved to be essential – as the body can function without them – or because their actions are obscured by nutrients fulfilling the function.
Bioactive compounds lack sufficient evidence of effect or safety, and consequently they are usually unregulated and may be sold as dietary supplements.

## Origin and examples

Bioactive compounds are commonly derived from plants, animal products, or can be synthetically produced. Examples of plant bioactive compounds are carotenoids, polyphenols, or phytosterols. Examples in animal products are fatty acids found in milk and fish. Other examples are flavonoids, caffeine, choline, coenzyme Q, creatine, dithiolthiones, polysaccharides, phytoestrogens, glucosinolates, and prebiotics.

## In the diet

The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements proposed a definition of bioactives in the context of human nutrition as "compounds that are constituents in foods and dietary supplements, other than those needed to meet basic human nutritional needs, which are responsible for changes in health status", although a range of other definitions are used.
Traditionally, dietary recommendations, such as DRIs used in Canada and the United States, focused on deficiencies causing diseases, and therefore emphasized defined essential nutrients.
Bioactive compounds have not been adequately defined for the extent of their bioactivity in humans, indicating that their role in disease prevention and maintenance remains unknown. Dietary fiber, for example, is a non-essential dietary component without a DRI, yet is commonly recommended for the diet to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Frameworks for developing DRIs for bioactive compounds have to establish an association with health, safety and non-toxicity.
As of 2021, there are no dietary recommendations in North America or Europe for bioactives, except for fiber. However, there are ongoing discussions whether further bioactives should be included in future dietary guidelines. A 2024 review highlighted that bioactive compounds found in Mediterranean diet components (such as olive, grape, garlic, rosemary, and saffron) exhibit properties that may contribute to cardiovascular health.