# List of Illyrians

The Illyrians (Illyrioi; Latin: Illyrii) were a conglomeration of Indo-European peoples and tribes in the Balkan Peninsula, Southeastern Europe. They spoke the Illyrian language and practiced a multitude of common religious and cultural practices. Many of Illyrian groups formed a distinct tribal mode of social organisation, which survived much later in the form of the Albanian tribal system.
In late Iron Age and early classical antiquity, the first polities of the area would be created by tribal groupings, including the Taulantii and Dardani. The most powerful Illyrian states of the area, the Ardiaean kingdom, emerged in the 3rd century BC during the rule of Agron and Teuta. The Illyrians came into conflict with Roman Republic and were defeated in the Illyrian Wars, which were followed by many revolts. The largest and last of them was the Great Illyrian Revolt (6-9 BC). The beginning of the integration of the region of Illyria in the Roman world followed the revolt and saw many Illyrians rise through the ranks of the Roman society and the Roman army in particular which produced several emperors of Illyrian origin.
* Top
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## A

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Agron | Ruler | Ruled from c. 250 BC to 230 BC | In 231 BC, Agron possessed the most powerful land army and navy, of any of the kings who had reigned before him. He extended the kingdoms' borders in the north and south. |
| Anastasius I | Emperor | Lived from c. 431 AD to 518 AD | Anastasius I was the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 491 to 518. |
| Artas | Ruler | Ruled from c. 430 BC to 413 BC | Artas was a ruler of Messapia. He supplied the Athenians with one hundred and fifty javelin-throwers in 413 BC for the war against the Syracuse. |
| Astius | Bishop | Died in c. 98 AD | Astius was a bishop in the city of Dyrrachium. |
| Audata | Queen | Ruled from c. 359 BC to 336 BC | Audata was related to Bardylis and wife of Philip II of Macedon. |
| Aurelian | Emperor | Lived from c. 214 AD to 275 AD | Aurelian was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 270 to 275. |

## B

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Ballaios | Ruler | Ruled from c. 260 BC to 230 BC | Ballaios ruled over the eastern Adriatic with capital at Rhizon. He is attested only from silver and bronze coinage, found abundantly along both coasts of the Adriatic. He is considered as the predecessor of Agron. |
| Bardylis | Ruler | Lived from c. 448 BC to 358 BC | Bardylis was the founder of the first attested Illyrian dynasty. Macedonian campaigns proved successful in 393, 372 and 359 BC and invaded Epirus in alliance with Dionysius of Syracuse. |
| Bardylis II | Ruler | Ruled from c. 295 BC to 290 BC | Bardyllis II was the son of Cleitus (r. 295–290 BC). He managed to re-create the state of his grandfather in the region of Dassaretis to the west of the Lynkestian lake. |
| Bato the Breuci | Ruler | Born between c. 35 BC to 30 BC | Bato surrendered to Tiberius in 8 AD on the bank of the Bosna river. |
| Bato the Daesitiate | Ruler | Born between c. 35 BC to 30 BC | Bato was defeated by the Romans in 9 AD during the Great Illyrian Revolt; end of final Illyrian resistance to Roman occupation. |
| Bato the Dardanian | Ruler | Ruled from c. 206 BC to 176 BC | Bato clashed with Ancient Macedonia in 199 BC, in order to liberate Paeonia. |
| Bircenna | Queen | Ruled from c. 292 BC to 272 BC | Bircenna was the daughter of Bardylis II and a wife of Pyrrhus of Epirus. |

## C

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Caeria | Queen | Died in 344 BC or 343 BC | Caeria was an Illyrian queen, who reigned in the 4th century BC. |
| Caius | Pope | Served from 17 December 283 to 22 April 296 | In accordance with Christian tradition, Caius is a native from Dalmatia and a relative of Diocletian. |
| Constantine the Great | Emperor | Lived from 25 July 306 to 22 May 337 | Flavius Valerius Constantinus was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 306 to 337. |
| Constantius II | Emperor | Lived from 7 August 317 to 3 November 361 | Flavius Julius Constantius was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 337 to 361. |

## D

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Diocletian | Emperor | Lived from 22 December 242/245 to 3 December 311/312 | Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus was born in Dalmatia and served as the emperor of the Roman Empire from 284 to 305. |

## E

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Etuta | Queen | Ruled from c. 169 BC to 168 BC | Etuta was the wife of Gentius. |

## I

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Irenaeus | Bishop | Died in 304 AD | Irenaeus was a bishop in Sirmium, Pannonia. |

## J

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Jerome | Priest | Lived from c. 342 or 347 to 420 | Early Church Farther credited for translating the Bible into Latin |
| Jovian | Emperor | Lived from 331 to 364 | Flavius Jovianus was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 363 to 364. |
| Justin I | Emperor | Lived from 2 February 450 to 1 August 527 | Flavius Iustinus was the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 518 to 527. |
| Justinian the Great | Emperor | Lived from 11 May 482 to 14 November 565 | Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus was the Emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565. |

## K

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Kratill Mahata | Gymnasiarch | fl. 3rd century BC | A gymnasiarch from the ancient illyrian city of Nikaia who lived in the 3rd century BC. |

## M

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Mark Lugari | Schoolteacher | fl. late 3rd century and early 2nd century BC | A schoolteacher from the ancient city of Apollonia (Illyria) who lived in the late 3rd century and early 2nd century BC. |

## S

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Sabinianus Magnus | military leader | fl. 5th century CE | General of the Eastern Roman Empire(magister militum per Illyricum), who fought in the rebellion of Theodoric Strabo against Emperor Zeno. |
| Sabinianus | military and political leader | fl. 505-508 | Son of Sabinianus Magnus. Consul and magister militum per Illyricum. |

## T

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Teuta | Ruler | Ruled from c. 231 BC to 228/227 BC | Teuta was the spouse of Agron and the ruler of the Ardiaei tribe upon Agron's death. |

## V

| Name | Title | Date | Description |
| Valens | Emperor | Lived from 328 to 378 | Flavius Valens was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 364 to 378. He was born into an Illyrian family in Cibalae, Pannonia Secunda. |
| Valentinian I | Emperor | Lived from 3 July 321 to 17 November 375 | Flavius Valentinianus was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 364 to 375. He was born into an Illyrian family in Cibalae, Pannonia Secunda. |
| Valentinian II | Emperor | Lived from 371 to 392 | Flavius Valentinianus II was the Emperor of the Roman Empire from 375 to 392. |

## Historical rulers
### Enchelean - Taulantian rulers

* Galaurus: king of Taulantii. Unsuccessfully invaded Macedonia between 678 and 640 BC.
* Grabos I (5th century BC): attested on an Athenian inscription, he was very likely a person with great political responsibilities. He probably was the grandfather of Grabos II.
* Sirras (437–390 BC), ruler in Lyncestis.
* Grabos II (r. 358–356 BC): entered Athenian alliance to resist Philip's power in 356 BC.
* Pleuratus I (r. 356–335 BC): reigned near the Adriatic coast in southern Illyria. In a losing effort in 344 BC, tried to thwart Philip's advances in Illyria.
* Pleurias (r. c. 337/336 BC): Illyrian ruler who campaigned against Philip II about 337 BC. He is considered by some scholars as king of either the Autariatae, the Taulantii, or the Dardani. Some have suggested that he was the same as Pleuratus I; Pleurias is mentioned only in Diodorus (16.93.6), elsewhere unattested in ancient sources.
* Cleitus, son of Bardylis I (r. 335–295 BC): mastermind behind the Illyrian Revolt in Pelion of 335 BC against Alexander the Great.
* Glaucias: king of Taulantii. He aided Cleitus at the Battle of Pelion in 335 BC, raised Pyrrhus of Epirus and was involved in other events in southern Illyria in the late 4th century BC.
* Monunius I, (r. 290–270 BC): reigned during the Gallic invasions of 279 BC. He minted his own silver staters in Dyrrhachion.
* Mytilos, successor of Monunius I and probably his son (r. 270–?): waged war on Epirus in 270 BC. He minted his own bronze coins in Dyrrhachion.

## Ardiaean-Labeatan rulers

* Pleuratus II: reigned in a time of peace and prosperity for the Illyrian kingdom., ruled BC 260 ~ BC 250
* Teuta (regent for Pinnes): forced to come to terms with the Romans in 227 BC.
* Demetrius of Pharos: surrenders to the Romans at Pharos in 218 BC and flees to Macedonia., ruled B.C 222~B.C 219
* Scerdilaidas: allied with Rome to defeat Macedonia in 208 BC., ruled B.C 218~B.C 206
* Pinnes: too young to become king; ruled under the regency of Teuta, Demetrius and Scerdilaidas., ruled B.C 230~B.C 217
* Pleuratus III: rewarded by the Romans in 196 BC, with lands annexed by the Macedonians., ruled B.C 205~B.C 181
* Coin of Gentius. Gentius: defeated by the Romans in 168 BC during the Third Illyrian War; Illyrian kingdom ceased to exist while the king was taken prisoner., ruled B.C 181~B.C 168

## Dardanian rulers

* Longarus: invaded northern borders of the Illyrian kingdom in 229 BC while Teuta was dealing with campaigns in Epirus.
* Bato of Dardania fought alongside the Romans against Macedon during the Second Macedonian War. Bato is known for using advanced war tactics against Athenagoras.
* Monunius of Dardania: repelled the Bastarnae Invasion of Dardania in 175 BC.

## Other rulers
### Histria

* Epulon, ruler of Histria: thwarted Roman advances in the Istrian peninsula until his death in 177 BC.

### Dalmatae

* Verzo, ruler of the Dalmatae: took the city of Promona from the Liburni in order to ambush Octavian in 34 BC.
* Testimos, ruler of the Dalmatae: defeated by the Romans in 33 BC; Dalmatia incorporated into Roman Republic.

### Messapia

* Opis of Messapia: attacked by Taras in 460 BC at Hyria, in which he died.

### Pannonia

* Pinnes of Pannonia: led Pannonians in the Great Illyrian Revolt from 6 AD.

### Minor rulers

* Ionios (king) [sq]: ruled over Issa and the surrounding region in the first half of the 4th century BC, probably after the fall of Dionysius of Syracuse in 367 BC.
* Caeria: Illyrian queen who ruled to 344/343BC.