OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1-Methylimidazole

1-Methylimidazole or N-methylimidazole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with the formula CH$_3$C$_3$H$_3$N$_2$. It is a colourless liquid that is used as a specialty solvent, a base, and as a precursor to some ionic liquids. It is a fundamental nitrogen heterocycle and as such mimics for various nucleoside bases as well as histidine and histamine.

## Basicity

With the N-methyl group, this particular derivative of imidazole cannot tautomerize. It is slightly more basic than imidazole, as indicated by the pKa's of the conjugate acids of 7.0 and 7.4. Methylation also provides a significantly lower melting point, which makes 1-methylimidazole a useful solvent.

## Synthesis

1-Methylimidazole is prepared mainly by two routes industrially. The main one is acid-catalysed methylation of imidazole by methanol. The second method involves the Radziszewski reaction from glyoxal, formaldehyde, and a mixture of ammonia and methylamine.
    (CHO)$_2$ + CH$_2$O + CH$_3$NH$_2$ + NH$_3$ → H$_2$C$_2$N(NCH$_3$)CH + 3 H$_2$O
The compound can be synthesized on a laboratory scale by methylation of imidazole at the pyridine-like nitrogen and subsequent deprotonation. Similarly, 1-methylimidazole may be synthesized by first deprotonating imidazole to form a sodium salt followed by methylation.
    H$_2$C$_2$N(NH)CH + CH$_3$I → [H$_2$C$_2$(NH)(NCH$_3$)CH]I
    [H$_2$C$_2$(NH)(NCH$_3$)CH]I + NaOH → H$_2$C$_2$N(NCH$_3$)CH + H$_2$O + NaI

## Applications

In the research laboratory, 1-methylimidazole and related derivatives have been used as mimic aspects of diverse imidazole-based biomolecules.
1-Methylimidazole is also the precursor for the synthesis of the methylimidazole monomer of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides. These polymers can selectively bind specific sequences of double-stranded DNA by intercalating in a sequence dependent manner.

### Ionic liquid precursor

1-Methylimidazole alkylates to form dialkyl imidazolium salts. Depending on the alkylating agent and the counteranion, various ionic liquids result, e.g. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ("BMIMPF$_6$"):
BASF has used 1-methylimidazole as a means to remove acid during their industrial-scale production of diethoxyphenylphosphine. In this biphasic acid scavenging using ionic liquids (BASIL) process, 1-methylimidazole reacts with HCl to produce 1-methylimidazolium hydrochloride, which spontaneously separates as a separate liquid phase under the reaction conditions.
    2 MeC$_3$N$_2$H$_3$ + C$_6$H$_5$PCl$_2$ + 2 C$_2$H$_5$OH → 2 [MeC$_3$N$_2$H$_4$]Cl + C$_6$H$_5$P(OC$_2$H$_5$)$_2$

### Donor properties

1-methylimidazole (NMIz) as a ligand forms octahedral ions M(NMIz)$_6$$^{2+}$with M = Fe, Co, Ni, and a square-planar ion Cu(NMIz)$_4$$^{2+}$. 1-methylimidazole forms adducts with Lewis acids such as molybdenum perfluorobutyrate and [Rh(CO)$_2$Cl]$_2$. The donor properties of 1-methylimidazole have been analyzed by the ECW model yielding E$_B$= 1.16 and C$_B$= 4.92.
# Saanve Megghana

Saanve Megghana (born September 12, 1997) is an Indian actress known for her work in Telugu cinema. She gained recognition for her role as Ramula in the Netflix Telugu anthology film Pitta Kathalu.

## Early Life and Education

Saanve Megghana was born in Hyderabad, Telangana, India into a Telugu family. Her father, Vamshi Kishore, is a businessman, and her mother, Padma Mandumula, is a homemaker. She has a brother, Vamsi Pujit, who is also an aspiring actor.
She completed her schooling at Bhavan’s Sri Ramakrishna Vidyalaya in Secunderabad and later graduated from St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad. During her college years, she developed an interest in acting, which led her to pursue a career in the film industry.

## Career

Saanve gained widespread recognition for her performance in Pitta Kathalu (2021), Netflix's first Telugu original film, where she played the role of Ramula.
She later appeared in films such as Pushpaka Vimanam (2021) alongside Anand Deverakonda and Most Eligible Bachelor (2021). In 2023, she starred as Abhita in Prema Vimanam

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Language |
| 2021 | Pitta Kathalu | Ramula | Telugu |
| 2021 | Most Eligible Bachelor | Harsha's Prospective Bride | Telugu |
| 2021 | Pushpaka Vimanam | Rekha | Telugu |
| 2023 | Prema Vimanam | Abhita | Telugu |
| 2025 | Kudumbasthan | Vennila | Tamil |
# Acanthomyrmex

Acanthomyrmex is a genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus is known from South East Asia. Its species are dimorphic, with major workers in some genera having heads twice the length (and ten times the volume) than that of the minor workers. They live in small colonies and are rarely collected in the field. There are 17 species of Acanthomyrmex.

## List of species

| Scientific name | Authority |
| Acanthomyrmex basispinosus | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex careoscrobis | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex concavus | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex crassispinus | Wheeler, W.M., 1930 |
| Acanthomyrmex dusun | Wheeler, W.M., 1919 |
| Acanthomyrmex ferox | Emery, 1893 |
| Acanthomyrmex foveolatus | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex glabfemoralis | Zhou & Zheng, 1997 |
| Acanthomyrmex humilis | Eguchi, Bui & Yamane, 2008 |
| Acanthomyrmex laevis | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex luciolae | Emery, 1893 |
| Acanthomyrmex mindanao | Moffett, 1986 |
| Acanthomyrmex minus | Terayama, Ito & Gobin, 1998 |
| Acanthomyrmex notabilis | Smith, F., 1860 |
| Acanthomyrmex padanensis | Terayama, Ito & Gobin, 1998 |
| Acanthomyrmex sulawesiensis | Terayama, Ito & Gobin, 1998 |
| Acanthomyrmex thailandensis | Terayama, 1995 |
# Compañía de Tropas de Operaciones Especiales

Compañía de Tropas de Operaciones Especiales (Special Operations Troops Company, TOE) is the premier special operations force of the Santa Fe Province Police, Argentina.

## History

The service was created on 4 May 1990, and depends directly of the Chief of the Province Police.

## Training

Agents of the unit were heavily trained in different international centers, such as the British NCIS, and the Israel Yamam; also its personnel have received specialized formation in many Latin American countries.

## Equipment

The TOE uses weapons and gear such as:
| Weapon | Origin | Type |
| Bersa Thunder 9 | Argentina | Semi-automatic pistol |
| Ithaca 37 | United States | Shotgun |
| FMK-3 | Argentina | Submachine gun |
| Steyr AUG | Austria | Submachine gun |
| FN FAL | Argentina | Assault rifle |
| Remington 700 | United States | Sniper rifle |
# Komakichi Matsuoka

Komakichi Matsuoka (松岡駒吉, Matsuoka Komakichi, 8 April 1888 – 14 August 1958) was a Japanese politician and labor activist. Born in Iwami Province (present day Tottori Prefecture), Matsuoka was a steelworker at Japan Steel Works who joined Suzuki Bunji as a business agent at the predecessor to the Japanese Federation of Labour in 1917.
With a growing interest in politics, Matsuoka joined the pro-labour Social Democratic Party in 1926, and ran independently in the 1942 Japanese general election in a failed bid to join Japan's House of Representatives following the labour movement's eventual break up in 1940 due to an inability to organize and need to comply with the demands of Japan's imperialist expansionism in the 1930s.
Following the end of the war, the Japanese Federation of Labour was reborn in 1946 with Matsuoka as its president, and with the backing of the center-left Japan Socialist Party, he was elected to Tokyo's 2nd district on 25 April 1947 in a surprising win for the party with 143 of the 468 seats going to the JSP, with Matsuoka elected as speaker.
The predecessor to today's center-right Liberal Democratic Party retook the reins of government in the 1949 election, although Matsuoka held his seat in the lower house for 5 more terms.
With Japan's entry in the United Nations in December 1956, Matsuoka accompanied Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu to attend the United Nations General Assembly, and continued to serve his district until dying in office of liver disease on 14 August 1958 at 70 years of age.
# Matt Shaw (baseball)

Matthew James Shaw (born November 6, 2001) is an American professional baseball infielder for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2025.

## Amateur career

Shaw grew up in Brimfield, Massachusetts and initially attended Wilbraham & Monson Academy before transferring Worcester Academy. He played summer collegiate baseball after graduating high school for the Worcester Bravehearts of the Futures Collegiate Baseball League (FCBL).
As a freshman for the Maryland Terrapins, Shaw was named to the Big Ten Conference All-Freshman team after batting .332 with 42 runs scored and 30 RBIs. After the season, he returned to the FCBL and played for the Amsterdam Mohawks. Back with the Terrapins, Shaw was named first team All-Big Ten as a sophomore after batting .290 with 22 home runs and 67 RBIs. During the summer of 2022, he played for the Bourne Braves of the Cape Cod Baseball League, where he hit .360 and was named the league's MVP. Shaw became Maryland's all-time leader in home runs during his junior season. After the 2023 season, he won the Brooks Wallace Award.

## Professional career

The Chicago Cubs selected Shaw in the first round, with the 13th overall selection, of the 2023 Major League Baseball draft. On July 14, 2023, Shaw signed with the Cubs for the full slot value of $4.85 million. He won the 2024 Southern League Most Valuable Player Award with the Double-A Tennessee Smokies.
Shaw made his MLB debut on March 18, 2025, during the MLB Tokyo Series 2025.

## International career

Shaw was named to the United States national baseball team for the 2024 WBSC Premier12. He was named to the All-World Team as the best third baseman. He also led the tournament in runs batted in.
# Mount Gilbert (Chugach Mountains)

Mount Gilbert is a prominent 9,638-foot (2,938 m) glaciated mountain summit located in the Chugach Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated 54 mi (87 km) east of Anchorage, 32 mi (51 km) northeast of Whittier, and 5.8 mi (9 km) northeast of Mount Muir, on land managed by Chugach National Forest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since the mountain rises up from tidewater at Harriman Fiord in Prince William Sound in less than six miles.

## History

The peak was named in 1908 by Ulysses Sherman Grant and Daniel F. Higgins for Grove Karl Gilbert (1843-1918), a geologist with the United States Geological Survey who was part of the 1899 Harriman Alaska expedition that explored this area. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1910 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
On June 14, 1960, a Pacific Northern Airlines Lockheed L-749A Constellation aircraft crashed near the summit, killing all 14 persons aboard. It was on the final leg of a flight from Seattle to Anchorage, after having just dropped off 52 cannery workers and fishermen in Cordova.
The first ascent of the peak was made May 29, 1962, by Paul B. Crews, Hans Metz, Helga Bading, and Bob Bailey, in what was described as poor weather conditions.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Gilbert is located in a subarctic climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports the Serpentine Glacier to the south, Colony Glacier to the north and west, and the Barry and Cascade Glaciers to the east. The months May through June offer the most favorable weather for climbing.

## Gallery

* Aerial view of summit from north
* Aerial view from west
* Aerial view from the south
* South aspect
# 2025 Miami Open – Women's doubles

Sofia Kenin and Bethanie Mattek-Sands were the reigning champions, but chose not to compete together this year. Kenin partners Lyudmyla Kichenok, while Mattek-Sands partners Marie Bouzková.

## Seeds

* Kateřina Siniaková / Taylor Townsend
* Gabriela Dabrowski / Erin Routliffe
* Sara Errani / Jasmine Paolini
* Jeļena Ostapenko / Ellen Perez
* Chan Hao-ching / Veronika Kudermetova
* Anna Danilina / Irina Khromacheva
* Elise Mertens / Zhang Shuai
* Sofia Kenin / Lyudmyla Kichenok

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Finals

| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |

### Top half

| First round | First round |
| 1 | K Siniaková T Townsend |
| | A Panova F Stollár |
| | M Bouzková B Mattek-Sands |
| | A Kalinskaya C McNally |
| PR | C Dolehide S Hunter |
| | B Haddad Maia L Siegemund |
| | L Fernandez N Melichar-Martinez |
| 8 | S Kenin L Kichenok |

### Bottom half

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |

## Seeded teams

The following are the seeded teams. Seedings are based on WTA rankings as of 3 March 2025.
| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank | Seed |
| CZE | Kateřina Siniaková | USA | Taylor Townsend | 3 | 1 |
| CAN | Gabriela Dabrowski | NZL | Erin Routliffe | 7 | 2 |
| ITA | Sara Errani | ITA | Jasmine Paolini | 13 | 3 |
| LAT | Jeļena Ostapenko | AUS | Ellen Perez | 21 | 4 |
| TPE | Chan Hao-ching | | Veronika Kudermetova | 23 | 5 |
| KAZ | Anna Danilina | | Irina Khromacheva | 31 | 6 |
| BEL | Elise Mertens | CHN | Zhang Shuai | 33 | 7 |
| USA | Sofia Kenin | UKR | Lyudmyla Kichenok | 37 | 8 |

## Other entry information
### Protected ranking

* Caroline Dolehide / Storm Hunter
* Xu Yifan / Yang Zhaoxuan
# Allison Pohlman

Allison Pohlman (née Starr; born October 6, 1977) is an American basketball coach and the current head coach of the Drake Bulldogs women's basketball team. She took over the position in April 2021, following Jennie Baranczyk's hiring at Oklahoma. Pohlman had been an associate head coach and assistant coach at Drake since 2007. Prior to Drake, she was an assistant coach at Northern Iowa, her alma mater, and served as associate head coach there from 2006 to 2007.

## Playing career

A Wellsburg, Iowa native, playing at Northern Iowa, Pohlman was named to the Missouri Valley Conference's All-Freshman team and, in the three successive seasons, she was named All-MVC First Team and to the conference's All-Defensive Team. She finished her playing career with 1,463 points, 711 rebounds, and 274 steals. In 2011, she was inducted into the UNI Hall of Fame.

## Coaching career

Pohlman began her coaching career as a graduate assistant at Northern Iowa for the 2000–01 season, before being promoted to an assistant coach the following season and associate head coach in 2006. She joined Drake prior to the 2007–08 season. When Baranczyk was named the head coach at Drake in 2012, she retained Pohlman and promoted her to associate head coach in 2014. Pohlman was also recruiting coordinator for Drake. She was promoted to head coach in April 2021. In 2024, she was named Coach of the Year in the Missouri Valley Conference.

## Head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| Drake Bulldogs (Missouri Valley Conference) (2021–present) ||||||
| 2021–22 | Drake | 20–14 | 9–9 | T-6th | WNIT Super Sixteen |
| 2022–23 | Drake | 22–10 | 14–6 | T-4th | NCAA First Round |
| 2023-24 | Drake | 29–6 | 19–1 | 1st | NCAA First Round |
| 2024-25 | Drake | 22–11 | 15–5 | T-2nd | WBIT |
| Drake: | Drake: | 93–41 (.694) | 57–21 (.731) | | |
| Total: | Total: | 93–41 (.694) | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||

## Personal life

Pohlman and her husband Kirk are the parents of triplet daughters, Quinn, Rubie and Sidny, born July 30, 2006.
# NGC 1277

NGC 1277 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation of Perseus. It is a member of the Perseus Cluster of galaxies and is located approximately 73 Mpc (megaparsecs) or 220 million light-years from the Milky Way. It has an apparent magnitude of about 14.7. It was discovered on December 4, 1875 by Lawrence Parsons, 4th Earl of Rosse.
NGC 1277 has been called a "relic of the early universe" due to its stars being formed during a 100 million year interval about 12 billion years ago. Stars were formed at a rate of 1000 times that of the Milky Way galaxy's formation rate in a short burst of time. After this process of stellar formation ran its course, NGC 1277 was left populated with metal-rich stars that are about 7 billion years older than the Sun. It is still uncertain whether or not NGC 1277 is a "relic galaxy"; current studies are still researching the possibility. However, observations with Hubble Space Telescope indicate that NGC 1277 lacks metal-poor globular clusters, suggesting that it has accreted little mass over its lifetime and supporting the relic galaxy hypothesis.

## Dark matter

NGC 1277 has a very unusual rotation curve that suggests that it contains very little dark matter.

## Supermassive black hole

Initial observations made using the Hobby–Eberly Telescope at Texas's McDonald Observatory suggested the presence of a black hole with a mass of about 1.7×10$^{10}$ M$_☉$ (17 billion solar masses), equivalent to 14% of the total stellar mass of the galaxy, due to the motions of the stars near the center of the galaxy. This resulted in the initial claim that the black hole in NGC 1277 is one of the largest known in relation to the mass of its host galaxy.
A follow-up study, based on the same data and published the following year, reached a very different conclusion. The black hole that was initially suggested at 1.7×10$^{10}$ M$_☉$ was not as massive as once thought. The black hole was estimated to be between 2 and 5 billion solar masses. This is less than a third of the previously estimated mass, a significant decrease. Models with no black hole at all were also found to provide reasonably good fits to the data, including the central region.
Subsequent investigations employed adaptive optics to acquire a better estimate of the mass of the black hole. One group made observations using the Gemini Near Infrared Integral Field Spectrometer to better determine the mass of the black hole at the center of NGC 1277. The group used similar models to that of van den Bosch, but with higher spatial resolution. After using stellar dynamics and luminosity models to estimate the mass of the black hole, they came to a mass of 4.9×10$^9$ M$_☉$, similar to the estimate from the follow-up study done by Emsellem, which estimated a mass between 2–5 billion solar masses. More recently, a new group made observations using the larger Keck Telescope with superior spatial resolution, and calculated that a black hole with mass 1.2×10$^9$ M$_☉$ fits best. Moreover, this value is an order of magnitude smaller than first reported by van den Bosch, and was noted to probably be an upper limit due to the edge-on rotating disk in NGC 1277.
# Piero Aggradi

Piero Aggradi (7 October 1934 in Turin – 17 July 2008 in Pescara) was a professional Italian football player.
Born in Turin in 1934, he joined Juventus' youth academy at twelve. After loan spells at Monza (Serie B) and Carrarese (Serie C), he returned to Juventus in 1954, making 14 appearances over three seasons. He debuted in Serie A on October 30, 1955, in a 1-1 draw against Roma.
He played as a central midfielder, making 14 appearances in Serie A between 1955 and 1959 and playing 8 matches for the military national team. He later played for Palermo, Alessandria, and Pordenone.
After retiring as a player, Aggradi decided to pursue a career in football management and, in 1974, took on his first role as sporting director of Pescara, newly promoted to Serie B. Three years later, the team reached Serie A for the first time in its history. Notably, he was the one who brought young Alessandro Del Piero to Juventus.
# José Basterra

José María Basterra Ochoa (born 3 January 1997) is a Spanish field hockey player who plays as a forward for Belgian Hockey League club Léopold and the Spanish national team. He has participated in the Tokyo and Paris Olympic Games (2020 and 2024).

## Club career

Basterra started playing hockey at age six at Jolaseta in Getxo. He made his debut for the first senior team in 2012 when he was just fifteen years old. From 2015 to 2017 he played for Complutense in Madrid. In 2017 after the 2017 Men's EuroHockey Junior Championship, he signed for the other Madrid club Club de Campo. He was named the best player of the División de Honor in the 2020–21 season as Club de Campo won their first ever Spanish national title. After the 2024 Summer Olympics he moved to Belgium to play for Léopold.

## International career

Basterra made his debut for the senior national team in February 2021 in a FIH Pro League match against Belgium. On 25 May 2021, he was selected in the squad for the 2021 EuroHockey Championship, his first senior tournament. He competed in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Philip Proudfoot

Philip Proudfoot (born 28 November 1987) is an English political activist and anthropologist. Born and raised in County Durham, he is the founder of the Northern Independence Party (NIP), a minor political party which advocates that Northern England becomes an independent country under its historic name, "Northumbria", and campaigns against what it sees as political and economic centralisation in the UK. He also lectures at the University of Sussex.
A former member of the Labour Party, Proudfoot founded the NIP in October 2020 in response to dissatisfaction with the centrist outlook of Keir Starmer's leadership and what he sees as the treatment of the North during the COVID-19 pandemic. He told Big Issue North that the centralisation of power in London had also played a part, highlighting the North–South divide in healthcare, transport, education, and general standard of living as motivating factors.
Proudfoot lives in Brighton and Hove, having moved there due to a lack of job opportunities in his field in County Durham. In response to critics questioning why someone residing in the South of England would support Northern independence, he stated that this issue exemplifies the North–South divide, as many young people from the North of England are compelled to leave their hometowns to find work in cities, predominantly in the South.
On 25 April 2022, the actress Tracy-Ann Oberman announced that she had agreed to pay Proudfoot substantial damages after falsely accusing him of antisemitism.
Proudfoot stepped down as leader of the NIP in July 2022 due to "professional commitments". On 19 November 2023, he announced that he had joined the Green Party, citing its support for a ceasefire in Gaza, among other policies.

## Books

* Rebel Populism: Revolution and Loss Among Syrian Labourers in Beirut. Manchester University Press. 2022. ISBN 978-1-5261-5810-9. OCLC 1276933129.