OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pleasant Valley, Bucks County, Pennsylvania

Pleasant Valley is an unincorporated community in Springfield Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States.

## History

Prior to European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Lenape people. Its first name was Schuckenhausen, the name of the first church in this location constructed as a log building. In 1872, it was replaced by a stone church known as the Union Church, later becoming a dwelling. The oldest building is the Pleasant Valley Inn, now out of business. General Lafayette stopped at the inn on the way to a hospital in Bethlehem after being wounded in the Battle of Brandywine. The village was built upon two farms, one owned by Jacob Smith and the other John J. Ott. the name was changed to Pleasant Valley when the post office was established on September 15, 1828, by Lewis Ott, first postmaster.
Pleasant Valley was entered into the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey on 2 August 1979 as identification number 1184062.

## Geography

Pleasant Valley is located on Quakertown Road, also known as Pennsylvania Route 212, at coordinates 40°31′16″N 75°17′34″W﻿ / ﻿40.52111°N 75.29278°W﻿ / 40.52111; -75.29278, approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) northeast of Richlandtown. Coopersburg is located 5 miles (8.0 km) to the west. Its elevation is listed as 472 feet (144 m). Pleasant Valley is located between three nearby summits, Cressman Hill 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the southeast (elevation 673 feet (205 m)), Molasses Hill 1.25 miles (2.01 km) to the east (elevation 495 feet (151 m)) and The Lookout 3 miles (4.8 km) to the west (elevation 906 feet (276 m). Cooks Creek, part of the Delaware River watershed, passes just south of the community.

## Geology

Pleasant Valley is located within the Brunswick Formation laid during the Triassic, consisting of mudstone, siltstone as well as brown, green and reddish-brown shale.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Évry-Corbeil-Essonnes

The Diocese of Évry–Corbeil-Essonnes (Latin: Dioecesis Evriensis–Corbiliensis-Exonensis; French: Diocèse d'Evry–Corbeil-Essonnes) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in France. Erected in 1966 as the Diocese of Corbeil, the diocese was split off from the Diocese of Versailles. In 1988, the diocese was renamed to the Diocese of Évry–Corbeil-Essonnes. Currently the diocese remains a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Paris.
The current bishop is Michel Armand Alexis Jean Pansard who was appointed on 1 August 2017 by Pope Francis.

## History

The diocese of Corbeil was created by Pope Paul VI on 9 October 1966, in the bull "Qui Volente Deo." The church of Saint Exuperius (Saint-Spire) was designated as the new cathedral of the diocese.

## Bishops

* Albert-Georges-Yves Malbois (9 Oct 1966 Appointed – 13 Sep 1977 Resigned) (died 2 February 2017)
* Guy Alexis Herbulot (12 May 1978 Appointed – 15 Apr 2000 Retired)
* Michel Dubost, C.I.M. (15 Apr 2000 Appointed – 1 August 2017 Retired)
* Michel Armand Alexis Jean Pansard (1 August 2017 Appointed – present)
# DYKZ

DYKZ (89.5 FM) broadcasting as 89.5 Brigada News FM is a radio station owned and operated by Brigada Group (formerly Brigada Mass Media Corporation). The station's studio and transmitter are located at Taclobo, Dumaguete this station operates daily 4:00 AM to 12:00 MN.
# Raymond Bourgine

Raymond Bourgine ((French pronunciation:)9 March 1925 – 29 November 1990) was a French journalist and politician. He served as editor-in-chief of Valeurs Actuelles from 1966 to 1990 and as French Senator from 1977 to 1990.

## Early life

Raymond Bourgine was born on March 9, 1925, in Diégo-Suarez, Madagascar. He grew up in the Réunion and Madagascar, and joined the French Army in Africa during the Second World War.

## Journalism

In 1945, Bourgine started writing for Paris-Matin, followed by La Vie française in 1946 and Aux Écoutes de la Finance in 1947, before becoming its editor-in-chief in 1948. In 1957, he bought Aux Écoutes de la Finance, then known as Finance, from Paul Lévy [fr]'. In 1962, he launched the luxury magazine Le Spectacle du Monde. In 1966, he founded the publisher Valmonde. The same year, he renamed Finance Valeurs actuelles. In 1967, he founded Le Nouveau Journal, and led the Financial and Economics Agency from 1967 to 1970. He served as editor-in-chief of Valeurs actuelles until his death, when his protege François d'Orcival took over.

## Politics

A proponent of French Algeria, Bourgine supported Jean-Louis Tixier-Vignancour in 1965. He supported Georges Pompidou for president in 1969. Close to Antoine Pinay, he joined the Centre national des indépendants et paysans (CNIP) in 1971. From 1977 to 1983, he served as member of the Council of Paris for the Rassemblement pour la République and advisor to the Mayor of Paris, Jacques Chirac. He was elected to the French Senate in 1977, and again in 1986 under the leadership of Maurice Couve de Murville. In 1987, he joined the senatorial organization for France-South African relations. He was also a fierce champion of capitalism and free enterprise and, like his avatar Alexis de Tocqueville, he supported the freedom of the press. He rejected the 1981 nationalisation legislations, and in 1985 he rejected government funding of the press. He sat on the Board of Trustees of the Centre Georges-Pompidou.

## Death

Bourgine died on November 29, 1990, in Paris. He is buried in Passy Cemetery.
# Acanthurus guttatus

Acanthurus guttatus, the whitespotted surgeonfish, spotted surgeonfish, mustard surgeonfish, mustard tang or spotband surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes or tangs. It is found in shallow waters on reefs in the Indo-Pacific.

## Description

The whitespotted surgeonfish is deep-bodied and laterally compressed. The basic colour is grey which darkens towards the posterior and the body is liberally spotted with white. There is a band of white just behind the eye stretching from the operculum to the nape of the neck. Another white band encircles the fish just behind the yellow pelvic fins. The other fins are dark coloured except for the rather small caudal fin which is half pale yellow and half black. The dorsal fin has 9 spines and 27 to 30 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 spines and 23 to 26 rays and the pectoral fin has 17 to 20 rays. The fish grows to a maximum length of 26 cm (10 in).

## Distribution and habitat

The whitespotted surgeonfish is found in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific. Its native range extends from Mauritius to southern Japan, Indonesia and northern Australia but in 2003, it was observed off the coast of Florida in the vicinity of Palm Beach. Its main habitat is exposed reefs and rocky shores where it occurs in groups. Its spots may provide camouflage in the churned up, bubble-filled water.

## Biology

The whitespotted surgeonfish feeds on filamentous algae and calcareous algae. It is considered to form an important link between algae, the primary producers in the ocean, and the detrital food web in the Pacific Ocean.
In American Samoa, breeding takes place all year round with eggs being deposited in drainage channels in the reef at dusk.
# Brickworks Group Representation Constituency

Brickworks Group Representation Constituency (GRC) was a Group Representation Constituency in Bukit Merah, Queenstown and Clementi, Singapore from 1988 to 1997.

## History

In 1988, as part of Singapore's political reforms, the Brickworks GRC was formed by merging Alexandra, Brickworks and Queenstown Constituencies.
In 1991, the Alexandra ward was carved out of the GRC and absorbed the Clementi and West Coast wards from Pasir Panjang Group Representation Constituency.
In 1997, the GRC was dissolved with the wards merged into Tanjong Pagar and West Coast GRCs. Park of Brickworks ward and the whole Queenstown ward were merged into Tanjong Pagar GRC and the reminder of Brickworks ward alongside the Clementi and West Coast wards merged into West Coast GRC.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | Division | Members of Parliament | Party |
| Formation |||||
| 1988 | Alexandra Brickworks Queenstown | Tan Soo Khoon Ahmad Mattar Chay Wai Chuen | PAP |
| 1991 | Brickworks Queenstown Clementi West Coast | Ahmad Mattar Chay Wai Chuen Chen Tien Lap Bernard Wan Soon Bee | PAP |
| Abolished (1997) |||||

## Electoral results

Note : Elections Department Singapore do not include rejected votes for calculation of candidate's vote share. Hence, the total of all candidates' vote share will be 100%.

### Elections in 1980s

General Election 1988: Brickworks GRC :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | PAP | Ahmad Mattar Chay Wai Chuen Tan Soo Khoon | 26,870 | 67.43 | N/A |
| | WP | Ismail Yacob Goh Teng Hoon J C Corera | 12,977 | 32.57 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 13,893 | 34.86 | N/A |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 710 | 1.09 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 40,557 | 94.06 | N/A |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 43,117 | | |
| | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) | PAP win (new seat) |

### Elections in 1990s

General Election 1991 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | PAP | Ahmad Mattar Chay Wai Chuen Chen Tien Lap Bernard Wan Soon Bee | Unopposed | Unopposed | Unopposed |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 101,440 | | |
| | PAP hold | PAP hold | PAP hold | PAP hold | PAP hold |
# Matt Mitchell

Matt Mitchell may refer to:

## Sports

* Matt Mitchell (American football), American football coach and former player
* Matt Mitchell (basketball) (born 1999), American basketball player
* Matthew Mitchell (basketball) (born 1970), American basketball coach
* Matt Mitchell (tennis) (born 1957), American tennis player

## Others

* Matt Mitchell (pianist) (born 1975), American jazz pianist and composer
* Matthew Mitchell (artist), American artist
# Rolls-Royce Wraith (1938)

The Rolls-Royce Wraith (not to be confused with the earlier small horsepower Goshawk-powered car, the 25/30 h.p) was built by Rolls-Royce at their Derby factory from 1938 to 1939 and supplied to independent coachbuilders as a rolling chassis.
Wraith is also the name of a new coupé announced by Rolls-Royce in 2013.
Wraith is an old Scottish word meaning "ghost" or "spirit", continuing Rolls-Royce's (at the time) new nomenclature that they had adopted, using words relating to silent, gracious, elegant, rarely seen and highly sought after for these reasons. In fact, the Wraith name originated from a 40/50 h.p, (Silver Ghost) that was named "The Wraith" by its original owner.

## Chassis design

The in-line six cylinder, overhead valve, 4,257 cc engine was based on that of the 25/30 but featured a cross-flow cylinder head. The four-speed gearbox had synchromesh on second, third and fourth speeds and retained the traditional right-hand change. The later engines were used as the basis for the Bentley MK V and the Corniche.
The Wraith featured an independent coil-sprung front suspension based on the Packard 120 retaining semi elliptical leaf springs on the rear axle. The hydraulic dampers at the front had their damping rate controlled by governor and so varied with the speed of the car, making it superior to its predecessor, the 25/30 H.P. and on par with the Phantom III. The car was still built on a separate chassis but this was now of welded rather than the traditional riveted construction. The drum brakes were assisted by a mechanical servo driven by the engine patented by Hispano-Suiza and built by Rolls-Royce under licence. Wire wheels of 17 inch diameter were fitted, with the spokes usually covered by removable discs. A built in hydraulic jacking system was fitted operated by a lever under the passenger seat.

## Performance

Cars based on the Wraith chassis could reach 85 mph (137 km/h); this was very dependent on the weight and style of body fitted. In one test by "The Motor" magazine in October 1938, a 0–50 mph time of 16.4 seconds was recorded.

## Production

In 1938, a typical touring car cost £1700, which included the chassis cost of £1100. 492 chassis were made. Although chassis were only produced in 1939, cars bearing 1940 or later delivery and registration dates are not uncommon. Some cars were finished off during early 1940. Others were held in storage and sold and first registered during the war years. A few were actually bodied during wartime. In addition, 16 prewar chassis were bodied in early 1946 and duly delivered to the government. The final Wraith was delivered in 1947.

## Film and media appearances

* The eponymous registration plate of the novel and TV series NOS4A2 belongs to a Rolls-Royce Wraith.
* Another Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith appeared in the 1956 novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians" as Cruella de Vil's car.
# Outline of games

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to games:
A game is a structured type of play usually undertaken for entertainment or fun. Games can also be work, art or an educational tool.

## Definition

* Chris Crawford
* Ludwig Wittgenstein
* Roger Caillois

## Purpose

Individuals participate in game-play for various reasons, depending upon the aspect the particular game covers. These include:
* Education
** Learning analytics
* Entertainment
** Play
** Social relation
* Pleasure
** Hobby
* Strategy
** Tactics

## Classification

* Game classification
** By cause of uncertainty

### Genre

* Sports
** Acrobatic arts
** Air sports
* Party games
* Tabletop games
* Video games
* Other games

## Game elements

* Baseball
* Baseball bat
* Basketball
* Bowling ball
* Frisbee
* Goalpost
* Lusory attitude
* Marble
* Racket
* Stadium

### Tabletop

* Dice
* Game board
* Player character
* Playing card

## Players

* Player – Participant in a game.
** Gamer – Participant in video games or tabletop games
** Athlete – Participant in sports
*** Coach – Person who trains athletes.
**** Player-coach – Athlete who trains athletes.
*** Racecar driver – Participant in auto racing.

### Lists of players

* List of chess players
* List of players who have appeared in multiple men's Olympic water polo tournaments
* List of players who have converted from one football code to another

#### NFL

* List of NFL players
* List of players who appeared in only one game in the NFL (1920–1929)
* List of players who appeared in only one game in the NFL (1930–1939)

## History

* Pre-modern
* Modern

## Game development

* Game development kit
* Video game developer
* Video game modding

### Game design

* Dynamic game difficulty balancing
* Dynamic music
* Emergent gameplay
* Game balance
* Game design process
* Game mechanics
* House rule – Unofficial modifications to official rules of a game.
* Simultaneous action selection

#### Video game

* Game designer
* Gold sink

## Game theory

* Cooperative game
* Evolutionary game theory
* Extensive form game
** Information set
* Kingmaker scenario
* List of games in game theory
* Normal-form game
* Payoff matrix

## Lists of games

* List of board games
** List of cross and circle games
* List of card games
* List of dice games
* List of domino games
* List of role-playing games
* List of sports
* Lists of video games
* List of best-selling video games
* List of traditional children's games
* List of games that Buddha would not play

## List of outlines of games

* Outline of chess
* Outline of games
* Outline of sports
* Outline of video games
# Clay High School (Green Cove Springs, Florida)

Clay High School is a four-year high school located in Green Cove Springs, Florida. It is a part of the Clay County School District.

## Name

As Clay High School is named after the county it is located in, Clay County, it is indirectly named for Henry Clay, Sr. Clay was a dominant figure in both the First Party System to 1824, and the Second Party System after that. Known as "The Great Compromiser" and "The Great Pacifier" for his ability to bring others to agreement, he was the founder and leader of the Whig Party and a leading advocate of programs for modernizing the economy, especially tariffs to protect industry, a national bank, and internal improvements to promote canals, ports and railroads.

## Clay County

Clay High School was the first high school in Clay County. Prior to the construction of other high schools in the county during the mid-20th century, Clay High School served every city in the county, including Keystone Heights, Green Cove Springs, Orange Park, Penny Farms, and all the unincorporated towns in the county.

## Original location

Clay High School was located at the Green Cove Springs Junior High, but now it has been moved to a much larger building off of SR 16, about 2 miles from the original school.

## Notable alumni

* Cliff Avril – NFL defensive end for the Seattle Seahawks
* Kyle Bird – MLB pitcher
* Frank J. Canova – inventor of the smartphone.
* Nolan Carroll, Jr – former NFL defensive back
* Caeleb Dressel – American record holder, world record holder, Olympic gold medalist swimmer
* Dane Dunning – MLB Pitcher for the Texas Rangers
* Will Holden – NFL offensive linemen for Arizona Cardinals
# Queijada

Queijada is a type of sweet made most famously in Sintra, Portugal. It is a small sweet prepared using cheese or requeijão, eggs, milk, and powdered sugar. Other queijadas are produced in Madeira, Azores, Oeiras, Évora and Pereira (Montemor-o-Velho).
# Dezfuli dialect

Dezfuli/Shoshtri dialect is one of the southwestern dialects of Iran, which is the dialect of a part of the people of Dezful, who are known as Dezfuli.Dezfuli and Shushtri share common features with the surrounding Luri dialects.Glatologist places Dezfuli-Shoshtri dialects in a group called Luri-Dezfuli, which, while being separate from Luri and New Farsi, have a similar status to Luri language.In the article on the dialects of Khuzestan, Iranica considers the Dezfuli-Shoshtri and Bakhtiari dialects as belonging to the southern group of the Luri language.

## Personal pronouns

| Person | Dezfuli | Shushtari | Standard Persian |
| 1st singular | mo | mo | man |
| 2nd singular | to | to | to |
| 3rd singular | ū | ū | ū |
| 1st plural | omù | amā | mā |
| 2nd plural | šomù | šamā | šomā |
| 3rd plural | ūšù | ūšù | īšān (honorary), ānhā (standard) |
# Is It Raining at Your House

"Is It Raining at Your House" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Vern Gosdin. It was released in December 1990 as the second single from his compilation album 10 Years of Greatest Hits, but originally appeared on his 1987 album Chiseled in Stone. The song reached number 10 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart; it was Gosdin's last top 10 and top 40 single on the country charts. Gosdin wrote the song with Dean Dillon and Hank Cochran.

## Content

The song is in the key of D major. The first verse follows the chord pattern of D-F♯m/C♯m-G/B-A-D twice, followed by D-F♯m-G/B-Gm/B♭-D-Bm-D/A-G-G/A-D. After this single verse is a bridge following the chord pattern Bm-F♯-Gm6. In the song, a male narrator asks his former lover if it is "raining at [her] house".

## Chart performance

| Chart (1990–1991) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 8 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 10 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1991) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 86 |

## Cover versions

* Jamey Johnson covered the song on his 2002 self-released album They Call Me Country.
* Brad Paisley covered the song on his 2003 album Mud on the Tires.
* Lorrie Morgan covered the song on her 2016 album Letting Go...Slow. Morgan's cover features sound effects of rain and thunder fading into the song's beginning, and again fading out at the song's end.
# Charles Ruthford

Charles Ruthford (born September 26, 1950) is an American rower.

## Career

He competed in the men's coxed four event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Balbridie

Balbridie is the site of a Neolithic long house in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, situated on the south bank of the River Dee, east of Banchory. The site is one of the earliest known permanent Neolithic settlements in Scotland, dating from 3400 to 4000 BC. This is the largest Neolithic long house to be excavated in Britain. In a European context, Whittle said such large Neolithic timber houses are rare, citing Balbridie, a hall in Cambridgeshire, and Fengate as a small set of such finds.
Neolithic features found in a later excavation at Dreghorn included post holes indicating a large rectangular structure comparable to Balbridie.
In 2022, a study of nitrogen content ancient grain at the site by the University of Stavanger and Durham University published in the journal Antiquity revealed details of Neolithic farming techniques at the site suggesting that manure was not used in the area because of the quality of its soil.

## Discovery

The Balbridie site was discovered in 1976 by aerial photography carried out by the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. The unusually dry summer revealed previously undetected cropmarks suggesting a very large structure. Subsequent archaeological work on site allowed the conceptual reconstruction of an enormous timber structure including the identification of large timber postholes.

## Relationship to other very early features

The vicinity of Balbridie includes a number of other notable archaeological features including the Neolithic site of Bucharn. Watt has pointed out that this local area attracted an unusual density of very early settlement in Scotland. Balbridie is not only close to the River Dee but also to the Elsick Mounth trackway, the route of early crossings inland through the lower Grampian Mountains.
# NBC Education Nation

Education Nation was an initiative run by NBC News to promote discussion about the state of education in the United States. The initiative was launched in 2010 and held annual summits up to 2013. In 2014, the general manager of Education Nation announced that they would no longer host events and were "shifting from the policy debate to a more consumer-oriented approach."

## Events

Education Nation summits were multiple day events consisting of panel discussions on education issues and student and teacher town halls. The summit invited education reformers, politicians, and celebrities as guests.
Education Nation 2010 held a town hall on the documentary Waiting for "Superman".
Education Nation 2011 held a teachers town hall in which teachers were invited to discuss their experiences. The summit also held a panel of state governors, hosted by Brian Williams, which discussed issues such as teacher evaluation and No Child Left Behind. Notable guests of the summit include Former President Bill Clinton and Melinda Gates.
Education Nation 2012 held an education technology competition that awarded $75,000 to NoRedInk.
Education Nation 2013 held an innovation challenge that awarded $75,000 to CodeHS. Notable guests of the summit include former governor of Florida Jeb Bush, Secretary of Education Arne Duncan, and Goldie Hawn.

## Criticism

Education Nation has received criticism for promoting certain views on education, particular with respect to charter schools. Education Nation 2010's promotion of Waiting for "Superman" was criticized due to the documentary promoting charter schools and criticizing teachers' unions. Andrew Tyndall of the Tyndall Report also criticized the event for reflecting the views of the Gates Foundation, which was a sponsor of the event.
The summit has also been criticized for its choice of participants and sponsors. University of Phoenix, a private for-profit university, sponsored Education Nation 2010; the university had been subject to controversies concerning student withdrawal and undelivered promises of work eligibility. Education historian Diane Ravitch declined to attend Education Nation 2013, citing the lack of prominent opponents of corporate models of education. Education blogger Jeff Bryant criticized the 2013 event for inviting Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein.