OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ebullioscope

In physics, an ebullioscope (from Latin ēbullīre 'to boil') is an instrument for measuring the boiling point of a liquid. This can be used for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture, or for determining the molecular weight of a non-volatile solute based on the boiling-point elevation. The procedure is known as ebullioscopy.
The first ebullioscope was invented in 1838 by Honoré Brossard-Vidal, and was used for measuring alcoholic content. The advantage of this method was that the boiling point is relatively insensitive to other components such as sugars. Older alcoholimeters were based on measuring the density, which is more sensitive to the presence of other solutes.
A famous ebullioscope variant was built by Pierre Marie Edouard Malligand, patented in 1876. The device is used by winemakers still to this day to measure the alcohol contents of wines, using the "Malligand degree" (M°) as a unit of measure.
A later version was built by the French chemist François-Marie Raoult, but the difficulty of determining the exact temperature was overcome by the invention of the Beckmann thermometer by Ernst Otto Beckmann in 1887. This improvement made the ebullioscope a standard apparatus to determine the molecular weight of substances in solution by using the ebullioscopic constant of the solvent.
# Kvapil

Kvapil (feminine Kvapilová) is a Czech surname, it may refer to:
* Hana Kvapilová, Czech stage actress
* Jaroslav Kvapil, Czech poet
* Jaroslav Kvapil (composer), Czech composer
* Marek Kvapil, Czech ice hockey player
* Michala Kvapilová, Czech volleyball player
* Radoslav Kvapil, Czech pianist
* Travis Kvapil, American race car driver
# Kviteseid (village)

Kviteseid or Kviteseidbyen is the administrative centre of Kviteseid Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. The village is located at the north end of the Sundkilen lake, an extension off of the main Kviteseidvatnet lake. The village of Brunkeberg lies about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north, the village of Vrådal lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the south, and the village of Fjågesund lies about 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the southeast.
The 1.36-square-kilometre (340-acre) village has a population (2022) of 791 and a population density of 580 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,500/sq mi).
The Norwegian National Road 41 runs along the east side of the village. The village is also a boat stop along the Telemark Canal.

## History

Kviteseidbyen began as a village in 1890 when the Telemark Canal opened and this site became a stopping point for the boat traffic on the canal. Prior to that, there were no urban settlements in Kviteseid. The small village grew up around the harbour due to the increased traffic in people and goods moving along the waterway. The village served as a traffic hub for a large part of the Vest-Telemark region. Soon several hotels, shuttle stations, and buildings were constructed. Craftsmen and other businesses opened up shops as well. In 1916, the "new" Kviteseid Church was built in the village to replace the Old Kviteseid Church which is located about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the south. Prior to Kviteseidbyen's establishment, the site of the old church was the main gathering place for the municipality.
Kviteseidbyen has a long tradition in butter production. The first dairy in the village came into operation in the early 1890s, and Kviteseidbyen became known for its good butter. Early in the 20th century, the farmers in Kviteseid established their own cooperative dairy: Kviteseid Dairy. The dairy produced cheese, butter, and drinking milk.
# Champillet

Champillet (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Indre department in central France.
# Alsogaray

Alsogaray is a Basque surname. A branch of the family emigrated to South America in the early 19th century, and sustained a military tradition for several generations, beginning with Coronel Álvaro José Alsogaray's role in the 1845 Battle of Vuelta de Obligado. Some members of the Alsogaray family became famous in Argentina due to their involvement in critical events in Argentine history.
* Julio Alsogaray was a top-ranking police officer with a significant involvement in dismantling the Zwi Migdal prostitution ring in the early 20th century.
* Another Julio Alsogaray (1918–1994) was a top-ranking military officer, involved in the toppling of President Arturo Illia in 1966, following which he was named Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Argentine Armed Forces.
* Álvaro Alsogaray (1913–2005), the second Julio's brother, was from the 1950s until his death, the main advocate of free-market economics in Argentina. He established the Nueva Fuerza party in 1972 with little success, and later the Ucedé party in the 1980s, which attained better electoral results, and a large influence as the main voice calling for privatisation and deregulation of the then-stagnant Argentine economy.
* María Julia Alsogaray (1942–2017) was Álvaro's daughter. She entered politics in 1983 with Ucedé, and later became an influential member of the Menem administration, leading the successful privatisation of the ENTel phone company and as secretary of Natural Resources.
# Betbezer-d'Armagnac

Betbezer-d'Armagnac is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Arlington Village Historic District

Arlington Village Historic District may refer to:
* Arlington Village Historic District (Arlington, Virginia), List of RHPs in VA|listed on the NRHP in Virginia
* Arlington Village Historic District (Arlington, Vermont), listed on the NRHP in Vermont
* East Arlington Village Historic District, Arlington, Vermont, listed on the NRHP in Vermont
# David Price (Welsh Independent minister)

David Price (1809 – 5 December 1878) was a Welsh Independent minister at Aberdare. He played a formative role in the development of this industrial community during the nineteenth century and, in addition to his religious activities, became a member of the Aberdare School Board and sought to play a conciliatory role during industrial disputes such as the Aberdare Strike of 1857–8.
Price began life as a working miner and recalled this period when addressing a public meeting called by Henry Austen Bruce during the 1857-8 Aberdare Strike. He became a member of the Independent church at Glyn-neath in 1830, and began preaching there in 1836. Having moved to Aberdare, he became a member of Ebenezer, Trecynon, the earliest Independent chapel in the immediate vicinity of Aberdare. In 1843, he was one of fourteen members from Ebenezer who left to establish the new church at Siloa, Aberdare, and Price was directly involved, as a workman, in the constriction of the original building, and served as its treasurer for many years. Soon after he was ordained as its minister.
Siloa was established at the very time when Aberdare was rapidly developing as an industrial settlement as a result of the growth of the steam coal trade. During his pastorate, large numbers of migrants, notably from the rural counties of Carmarthenshire, Cardiganshire, Pembrokeshire and Breconshire, stimulated the rapid growth of the membership at Siloa to over 600, making it the most numerous church in the valley in terms of membership by the 1860s. In 1866, the church presented him with an address and a gift of £170, raised solely by members of the church, in recognition of his services.
David Price was instrumental in establishing additional chapels at Bethesda, Abernant, where he also served as pastor, and at Cwmbach, and was also involved with the new causes at Aberaman, Mountain Ash and Cwmbach. In contrast to his namesake contemporary among the Baptists of Aberdare, Thomas Price, he work was mainly concentrated in his immediate locality but he established a reputation as an effective leader and powerful preacher. A biography was published in the 1890s, written by his successor at Siloa, D. Silyn Evans.
David Price was involved in political life throughout his pastorate, though not to the same extent as his contemporary, Thomas Price. They did, however, share a natural antipathy towards trade unionism, as demonstrated by David Price's remarks during the 1857–8 Aberdare Strike. In 1871, he was elected a member of the Aberdare School Board.
Price died on 5 December 1878, shortly before his 68th birthday. He was buried at Aberdare Cemetery.
# 1981–82 Syracuse Orangemen basketball team

The 1981–82 Syracuse Orangemen basketball team represented Syracuse University during the 1981–82 NCAA men's basketball season.

## Roster

* G Tony Bruin
* F/C Andre Hawkins
* F Sean Kerins
* F Chris Lewis
* F Ron Payton
* G Calvin Perry
* F Leo Rautins
* F Erich Santifer
* G Sonny Spera
* C. Timberlake
* F Gene Waldron
* Greg Watson
* F/C Peter Wynne
# Anything Else but the Truth

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
Anything Else but the Truth is the first full-length album by The Honorary Title. The album was originally released in 2004, but was later re-released with different album art in 2006.

## Track listing
### Rerelease album

The rerelease album comes with a second disk contained five bonus songs and music videos of "Everything I Once Had" and "Bridge and Tunnel".
# Elk Creek (Lake Erie)

Elk Creek is a 30.4-mile (48.9 km) tributary of Lake Erie in Erie County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The creek is part of the Lake Erie Watershed and has a drainage basin of 99.4 square miles (257 km$^2$). Elk Creek is stocked with brown trout and steelhead by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission.

## Course

Elk Creek has its origins in Fairview Township, McKean Township, and part of Summit Township. The creek flows northwest through Erie County and enters Lake Erie just west of Lake City in Girard Township.
Little Elk Creek joins Elk Creek in Girard Township and has its origins south in Elk Creek and Franklin Townships.
Elk Creek Access is a local park which can be reached off Pennsylvania Route 5.
# Friezland Wood

Friezland Wood is a woodland in Kent, England, near Tunbridge Wells. It covers a total area of 7.69 hectares (19.00 acres). It is owned and managed by the Woodland Trust.
# Didier Munyaneza

Didier Munyaneza (born 1 January 1998) is a Rwandan cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Benediction Kitei Pro 2020.

## Major results
### 2017

    2nd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships
    8th Overall Tour of Rwanda

### 2018

    1st Road race, National Road Championships
    Africa Cup
       2nd Team time trial
       7th Road race
    African Road Championships
       3rd Under-23 road race
       9th Road race
    8th Overall Tour of Rwanda
    9th Overall Tour de l'Espoir

### 2019

    1st Overall Tour du Sénégal
       1st Young rider classification
    4th Overall Grand Prix Chantal Biya
    8th Overall La Tropicale Amissa Bongo
       1st Young rider classification

### 2020

    8th Overall Grand Prix Chantal Biya
# Kent Archaeological Society

The Kent Archaeological Society was founded in 1857 to promote the study and publication of archaeology and history, specifically that pertaining to the ancient county of Kent in England. This includes the modern administrative county as well as areas now subsumed by south east London and in the district of Medway.
It carries out archaeological surveys and excavations funded through membership subscriptions as well as being involved in the protection and recording of historic buildings and churches. In addition, it organises lectures, excursions and other education projects and can make grants or loans of equipment to archaeological projects. A library in the museum at Maidstone is available for members' use and a field school, the Kent Archaeological Field School, is often run in the summer.
The society publishes an annual journal, Archaeologia Cantiana, and a quarterly newsletter. Through its Record Series, it publishes editions of archival texts relating to the county, and it therefore functions as the record society for Kent. It publishes other occasional volumes on specific topics.
Recent projects have included assisting in the excavation of the Ringlemere barrow and an edition and translation of the Kent Hundred Rolls. A number of local societies are affiliated to it and it has links with national and county archaeological organisations.

## Notable members

* John Brent, antiquarian and writer
* Leland Lewis Duncan, civil servant and antiquarian
* Thomas Godfrey Faussett, antiquarian
* Rev. Lambert Blackwell Larking, clergyman and antiquarian
* Francis Harry Panton, scientist and archaeologist
* George Pratt, 2nd Marquess Camden, politician
* Henry Brinsley Sheridan, politician
* Charles Roach Smith, antiquarian
* Flaxman Charles John Spurrell, archaeologist
# Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+)

In enzymology, a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.3.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
    5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP$^+$ $\rightleftharpoons$ uracil + NADPH + H$^+$
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5,6-dihydrouracil and NADP$^+$, whereas its 3 products are uracil, NADPH, and H$^+$.
In humans the enzyme is encoded by the DPYD gene. It is the initial and rate-limiting step in pyrimidine catabolism. It catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine. It is also involved in the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil and tegafur. It also participates in beta-alanine metabolism and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis.

## Terminology

The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,6-dihydrouracil:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include:
* dihydrothymine dehydrogenase
* dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NADP+)
* 4,5-dihydrothymine: oxidoreductase
* DPD
* DHPDH
* dehydrogenase, dihydrouracil (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, phosphate)
* DHU dehydrogenase
* hydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
* dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+)

## Structural studies

As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1GT8, 1GTE, 1GTH, 1H7W, and 1H7X.

## Function

The protein is a pyrimidine catabolic enzyme and the initial and rate-limiting factor in the pathway of uracil and thymidine catabolism. Genetic deficiency of this enzyme results in an error in pyrimidine metabolism associated with thymine-uraciluria and an increased risk of toxicity in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.

## Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.
* ↑ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "FluoropyrimidineActivity_WP1601".
# Advent Historic District

The Advent Historic District is a residential historic district, roughly bounded by North Washington Avenue, Champion Street, Hubbard Street, and Greenwood Avenue, in Battle Creek, Michigan. The district encompasses the heart of the former village of Washington Heights, which was developed as a by-product of the growth of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the area during the last half of the nineteenth and the early part of the twentieth. The area was annexed into Battle Creek in 1926. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

## History

The first European settlement of this area was by Elias Manchester, who came to the area from New York state in 1836. He constructed a log cabin, and a few years later a brick house, located at what is now the corner of North Washington Avenue and Manchester Street. He platted a portion of his property into 66 lots known as "Manchester's Addition." In 1852, lawyer and future Michigan Supreme Court Justice Benjamin F. Graves purchased the remainder of Manchester's farm. Around the same time, James Springer White and his wife Ellen G. White relocated the headquarters of the Seventh-day Adventist Church to Battle Creek. A number of Seventh Day Adventist figures, including the Whites, made their homes in the district. In 1889 Graves platted a portion of it into 124 lots, known as "Graves's Addition," and another section into 94 additional lots. The Manchester and Graves Additions together make up the Advent Historic District.
Through the nineteenth century, the number of Adventists in the area grew, and by 1900 over 2000 Adventists lived in the neighborhood in and around the district. However, the church soon began decentralizing its activities, moving them to other communities, and as the twentieth century progressed, the number of Adventists living in the neighborhood gradually decreased.

## Description

The Advent Town Historic District consists of an irregularly shaped area spanning several blocks of what was formerly the village of Washington Heights. It includes 181 residences, 173 of which contribute to the historic character of the neighborhood. Most of the homes were built in the latter part of the 19th century and early part of the 20th. The houses in the district include Colonial Revival and American Foursquare residences of brick and stucco, clapboard-covered Bungalows, and stylish American Craftsman houses. They were primarily built as single family homes, although some have subsequently been converted into multi-family rental properties.
# Die Wergelder

Die Wergelder (Japanese: ベアゲルター, Hepburn: Beagerutā) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiroaki Samura. It was serialized in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Nemesis [ja] from July 2011 to August 2018, until the magazine ceased publication, and later moved to Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sirius in November of that same year. Its chapters have been collected in six tankōbon volumes as of March 2022.

## Publication

Written and illustrated by Hiroaki Samura, Die Wergelder started in Kodansha's seinen manga magazine Nemesis [ja] on July 7, 2011. Nemesis ceased publication after the 41st issue, released on August 9, 2018, and the series resumed in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Sirius on November 26 of that same year. Kodansha has collected its chapters into individual tankōbon volumes. The first volume was released on February 22, 2013. As of March 9, 2022, six volumes have been released.
In North America, the manga has been licensed for English release by Kodansha USA and published in a 2-in-1 omnibus edition.

### Volumes

| No. | Original release date | Original ISBN | English release date | English ISBN |
| 1 | February 22, 2013 | 978-4-06-376383-6 | December 29, 2015 | 978-1-63236-195-0 |
| 2 | May 22, 2013 | 978-4-06-376532-8 | December 29, 2015 | 978-1-63236-195-0 |
| 3 | November 22, 2016 | 978-4-06-390665-3 | January 15, 2019 | 978-1-63236-196-7 |
| 4 | July 23, 2018 | 978-4-06-511949-5 | January 15, 2019 | 978-1-63236-196-7 |
| 5 | April 9, 2020 | 978-4-06-518446-2 | December 20, 2022 | 978-1-64651-027-6 |
| 6 | March 9, 2022 | 978-4-06-526955-8 | December 20, 2022 | 978-1-64651-027-6 |
# Kerchipally

Kerchipally is a small village located in Valigonda mandal, Nalgonda district, in the Indian state of Telangana.
# Tea Rose Stakes

The Tea Rose Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 2 Thoroughbred horse race, for three-year-old fillies, at set weights, over a distance of 1400 metres, held annually at Randwick Racecourse, Sydney, Australia in September. Total prize money for the race is A$250,000.

## History

The Tea Rose Stakes is part of the Princess Series of races which also includes the Silver Shadow Stakes, Furious Stakes, and Flight Stakes.

### Distance

* 1980–1984 - 1400 metres
* 1985–1990 - 1500 metres
* 1991 - 1550 metres
* 1992–2012 - 1500 metres
* 2013 onwards - 1400 metres

### Venue

* 1980–1990 - Rosehill Gardens Racecourse
* 1991 - Canterbury Park Racecourse
* 1992–2011 - Rosehill Gardens Racecourse
* 2012 onwards - Randwick Racecourse

### Grade

* 1980–1982 - Listed Race
* 1983–1984 - Group 3
* 1985 onwards - Group 2

## Winners

* 2022 - Zougotcha
* 2021 - Four Moves Ahead
* 2020 - Dame Giselle
* 2019 - Funstar
* 2018 - Miss Fabulass
* 2017 - Alizee
* 2016 - Foxplay
* 2015 - Pearls
* 2014 - First Seal
* 2013 - Guelph
* 2012 - Longport
* 2011 - Streama
* 2010 - More Strawberries
* 2009 - More Joyous
* 2008 - Samantha Miss
* 2007 - †race not held
* 2006 - Cheeky Choice
* 2005 - Mnemosyne
* 2004 - Prisoner Of Love
* 2003 - Shamekha
* 2002 - Victory Vein
* 2001 - Ha Ha
* 2000 - Unworldly
* 1999 - Danglissa
* 1998 - Sunline
* 1997 - Stella Cadente
* 1996 - Assertive Lass
* 1995 - Pontal Lass
* 1994 - Danarani
* 1993 - Angst
* 1992 - Burst
* 1991 - Bold Promise
* 1990 - Whisked
* 1989 - Tristanagh
* 1988 - Glenview
* 1987 - Glory Girl
* 1986 - Evandale Star
* 1985 - Shinikima
* 1984 - Premier Flight
* 1983 - Sabre Dancer
* 1982 - Emancipation
* 1981 - Black Shoes
* 1980 - Dark Eclipse
† Not held because of outbreak of equine influenza
# Kendi (name)

Kendi may refer to the following notable people:

## Given or stage name

* Kendi (musician) (born 1989), Serbian singer
* Kendi Rosales (born 1990), Honduran sprinter

## Surname

* Ibram X. Kendi (born 1982), American author and historian
* István Kendi (?–c.1628), Hungarian noble
* János Kendi (?–1677), Hungarian jurist
* Sándor Kendi (?–1594), Hungarian noble
# Tav

Tav or TAV may refer to:

## Math, science and technology

* Tav (number), in set theory the collection of all cardinal numbers
* The Advanced Visualizer, a 3D graphics software package
* Tomato aspermy virus, a plant virus
* Tropical Atlantic Variability, in meteorology
* Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy containing aluminum and vanadium
* Tire Assault Vehicle, a small teleoperated vehicle used to test Space Shuttle tires

## Nickname

* Tav Falco (born 1945), American musical performer, performance artist, actor, filmmaker and photographer
* Octavio M. Salati (1914–2001), American engineer, academic and educator

## Transportation

* TAV, IATA airport code for Tau Airport, American Samoa
* TAV, airline code for Compañía de Servicios Aéreos Tavisa
* TAV-8B, the two-seat version of the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II aircraft
* TAV Airports Holding (Tepe Akfen Ventures), a Turkish airport operator
* Treno Alta Velocità, the a special-purpose entity working name for the Italian high-speed rail network
* TAV RJ-SP, the far future possible Brazilian Rio–São Paulo high-speed rail system

## Other uses

* tav, ISO 639-3 code for the Tatuyo language of Colombia
* Tav (letter), the last letter of many Semitic abjads
* The Artists Village, an experimental arts group in Singapore
* Toon-A-Vision channel
# Taxpayers' money

Taxpayers' money may refer to:
* Money held by individuals or businesses that are taxpayers
* Public funds, all money spent or invested by government to satisfy individual or collective needs or to create future benefits
# Kevin Foley (Victorian politician)

Kevin James Foley (born 9 August 1938) is an Australian politician and academic.
He was born at Mayfield in New South Wales to Patrick James and Hazel Marjorie Foley. He was educated at Raymond Terrace and then at East Sydney Technical College before studying at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), where he received a bachelor's and master's degree in commerce. From 1954 to 1960 he served in Singapore for the Royal Australian Air Force, subsequently serving as a flight instructor from 1962 to 1968. He was an economics lecturer at UNSW from 1966 to 1968, when he commenced his PhD at the Australian National University, completing it in 1972. He worked as a consultant for the Defence Department and from 1974 to 1975 was a senior research economist with the Australian Wool Corporation. In 1976 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council as a Liberal member for Boronia. He served until his defeat in 1982, after which he became chairman of the Industrial Research and Development Board. In 1988 he was appointed a foundation professor of economics at Bond University, and since 1997 he has been a professor at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and at the University of Technology Sydney.
# Dimmi che non passa

Dimmi che non passa may refer to:
* Dimmi che non passa (EP), 2013 EP by Violetta Zironi
* "Dimmi che non passa" (song), 2013 song by Violetta Zironi