OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anurogryllus arboreus

Anurogryllus arboreus, the common short-tailed cricket or arboreal short-tailed cricket, is a species of cricket in the family Gryllidae. It is native to the southern and south-eastern United States where it lives in a burrow that it digs.

## Description

Like other short-tail crickets in its genus, the adult A. arboreus is a pale brown cricket with a vestigial ovipositor. When it first matures, the adult insect has wings, but it soon sheds these and is afterwards flightless.

## Taxonomy and distribution

At one time, nearly all the short-tailed crickets in the United States were considered to belong to the species Anurogryllus muticus, the range of which extended from Canada to much of South America. In a revision of the genus made by T. J. Walker in 1973, Anurogryllus arboreus was split off on the basis of the behavior of the male when calling, and on certain morphological differences. A. arboreus occurs primarily along the Atlantic Coast from New Jersey to Florida and westward to southeastern Texas. The only other species of Anurogryllus found in the United States is A. celerinictus, which occurs on the Florida Keys.

## Behavior

A. arboreus lives solitarily in a burrow which it digs, carrying soil particles to the surface with its mandibles. Males dig temporary burrows but females may reside in one burrow for an extended period. Besides the main tunnel, typically 10 to 20 centimetres (4 to 8 in) long, there are side chambers in which the insect resides and feeds, and a refuse chamber used to deposit fecal pellets and discarded vegetable matter. Some lateral tunnels are dug to enable the cricket to feed on plant roots without emerging on the soil surface. Except when the insect is outside foraging or looking for a mate, the entrance to the burrow is kept plugged with soil or vegetation.
Breeding takes place once a year between April and June. The male emerges from his burrow at nightfall and calls from a perch in a tree or other high place in the early part of the night. When a female is attracted, mating may take place near the perch, or in a burrow. The female lays several dozen eggs in a breeding chamber and defends her burrow fiercely against the intrusion of males. She tends the eggs by palpating them and turning them over, and gathers and deposits bits of vegetation on which the newly-hatched nymphs feed. She also lays trophic (unfertilised) eggs for their nourishment. The nymphs keep together in a compact group, often on the roof of the chamber, and follow the female about when she is nearby. The female typically dies when the nymphs are part grown, and soon afterwards they disperse and dig their own burrows.
# Ernst Anton Nicolai

Ernst Anton Nicolai (7 September 1722 – 28 August 1802) was a German physician and chemist.
In 1745, Nicolai earned his medical doctorate from the University of Halle, where he was a disciple of Johann Heinrich Schulze and Friedrich Hoffmann. Soon afterwards, he obtained his habilitation in medicine, becoming an associate professor in 1748. At Halle, he gave lectures on theoretical subjects in the fields of pathology, physiology and pharmacology, later giving clinical lectures on diseases of the eye and childhood maladies.
In 1758, Nicolai was appointed professor of theoretical medicine at the University of Jena. During the following year, he became a professor of chemistry and clinical medicine at Jena, a position he held until his death in 1802. As a physician, he was a proponent of humoral pathology and the doctrine of vitalism. He was a follower of Leibniz' concept of monadism, reportedly seeking solutions to medical problems based on the philosophic viewpoints of Gottfried Leibniz.

## Published works

He was the author of many works, being published in Latin and German. The following are his principal works that were written in the German language:
* Die Verbindung der Musik mit der Artzneygelahrheit, 1745 – The connection of music with medical knowledge.
* Abhandlung Von Der Schönheit Des Menschlichen Körpers, 1746 – Treatise on the beauty of the human body.
* Versuch eines Lehrgebäudes von den Fiebern überhaupt, 1752.
* Pathologie oder Wissenschaft von Krankheiten, (several volumes, 1769–) – Pathology; the science of illness.
* Recepte und Kurarten nebst theoretisch-practischen Anmerkungen, 1789 – Prescriptions and remedies with theoretical-practical comments.
* Die trefflichsten Recepte und vorzüglichsten Kurarten der besten Aerzte aller Zeiten: mit theoretisch-praktischen Anmerkungen . Mayregg, Prag nach der 2. Aufl. in einen kernigten Auszug gebracht [1820] Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
# Ernst Aufseeser

Ernst Aufseeser (1880–1940) was a German painter, illustrator and graphic designer. His design work included trademarks, stamps, book covers, typography, posters and textiles.

## Career

Aufseeser was born in Nuremberg, Germany the son of a merchant and of Jewish ancestry. Intended for a commercial career himself, he completed an apprenticeship at the Nuremberg School of Commerce. Afterwards he volunteered at an export company in Nuremberg and then worked in England for some years. After deciding to embark on an artistic career, he attended the Stieglitz workshops between 1900 and 1903 in Berlin under the direction of the designer and typographer Fritz Helmuth Ehmcke, who later called Aufseeser to be his successor. In 1905 he moved to London where he attended the Slade School of Art for two years and by 1907 was working as an artist in Munich. He was a competitor in the art events of the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. From 1914 he taught as a professor of commercial art at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, later succeeding Ehmcke as director of graphic design in 1919. In 1933 he was dismissed from his post as a result of the Nazi anti-Jewish laws. He died on 12 December 1940 in Düsseldorf. His son Hans Tisdall became a successful designer in England.
His style characterised by the use of typographic ornaments, usually in black-and-white. His works were reproduced frequently in Das Zelt, journal of the Ehmcke-Kreises. Examples of his design work are held in the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.

## Gallery

* Two Calendar Images: Marz / November
* Alphabet
* Designs for Ex Libris
* Airmail Stamp Series “Wooden Dove”, 1924
* Trees, coloured pencil and pastel on paper, c.1905

## Exhibitions

* Deutscher Werkbund, Cologne, 1914
* Wilhelm-Lehmbruck-Museums, Duisburg, 1983
* Kunstverein, Hannover, 1983
* Kunsthalle, Wilhelmshaven, 1983
* Düsseldorf, 1985 (group).
# Todd Townshend

Todd Townshend (born August 19, 1967) is the 14th Bishop of The Diocese of Huron in the Anglican Church of Canada. He was Ordained to the diaconate May 14, 1992, ordained to the priesthood on November 30, 1992, and Consecrated a Bishop and Installed as the 14th Bishop of Huron at St. Paul's Cathedral, London, ON on Saturday January 25, 2020.
Townshend received a BSc from the University of Waterloo in 1989, an MDiv with honours from Huron University College in 1992, and a ThD from the University of Toronto and Wycliffe College in 2007. His dissertation is titled "The Sacramentality of Preaching".
Townshend has served in several London parishes. Townshend also served as the Dean of the Faculty of Theology at Huron University College between 2013 and 2019. Prior to assuming his role as Dean of the Faculty, Townshend taught at Huron University College since 2002 in a variety of roles including Professor of Homiletics and Pastoral Theology and Associate Professor of Contextual Theology.
Townshend chairs various diocesan committees and has chaired or continues to serve on various national committees of the Anglican Church of Canada.

## Personal life

Townshend's grandfather (William) and father (Robert) also served as bishops in the Diocese of Huron.
Townshend is married to Stacey, and they have three children: Tyne, Seth, and Samuel.

## Published works

Townshend academic work includes the aforementioned book, The Sacramentality of Preaching, as well as contributions to multi-author works:
* Townshend, Todd (2009). The sacramentality of preaching : homiletical uses of Louis-Marie Chauvet's theology of sacramentality. New York: Peter Lang. ISBN 9781433105166.
* "What Can Death Teach Us About Preaching?", Liturgy Journal Volume 33, 2018 - Issue 1: Death and the Liturgy.
* "Lectionary Homiletics", Four entries: Advent II to Christmas I, December 2014.
# City Congregational Church, Brisbane

City Congregational Church was a church building of the Congregational Church at 407 Adelaide Street, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, which replaced the Wharf Street Congregational Church, Brisbane.

## History
### Church hall

Construction commenced in 1927 while Sunday services were temporarily held in the Constitutional Club rooms and His Majesty's Theatre.
On Saturday 14 January 1928, the church hall at 409 Adelaide Street was opened. Costing £19,000, it had two floors. The ground floor had shops, offices and social rooms, while the upper floor was a large hall. On 27 May 1928 the new pipe organ was used in services for the first time. The intention was to use the hall for services while funds were raised over the following two to three years to enable the construction of the church itself on the Queen Street side of the property. However, during the Great Depression, the funds to build the church were not raised and services continued to be conducted in the church hall.

### World War II and Wickham Terrace

World War II began, and in September 1941 evening services at the City Congregational Church were shifted to the late afternoon to accommodate the black-out. In January 1942, the church hall was commandeered by the Australian Government Department of Munitions and Supplies. The Albert Street Methodist Church offered their church as a venue for services for the Congregational community.
In October 1942, the congregation found a new home in a former Presbyterian church on Wickham Terrace. This church had been acquired in 1905 for extensions to Brisbane's Central Railway Station (the Presbyterian congregation established St Andrew's Presbyterian Church to replace their Wickham Terrace church). As the extensions to the railway station did not take place immediately, the railways used the building as for storage of records until 1929, after which they leased it out as a gymnasium until 1941. The Congregational community leased the Wickham Terrace church building from 1942 to 1960, after which the church was demolished for road works.

## Ministers

The initial minister was Rev. Percival Watson, who had transferred with the congregation from the former Wharf Street church. He served (at Wharf Street, Adelaide Street and Wickham Terrace) for 22 years until he left in May 1947 to take up the ministry of the Pitt Street Congregational Church in Sydney.
T. Rees Thomas was minister from 1947 to 1981. He was inducted in February 1948 by his old principal Rev. E. S. Kiek and distinguished wife Rev. Winifred Kiek.
# Anwar Habib

Syed Mohammad Anwar Habib (born Karachi, Pakistan, HI, PE) is a Pakistani electrical engineer who served as the Chairman of the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority (PNRA) from 2009 until 2017.

## Biography

Habib was educated in Karachi where attended the Dawood University of Engineering and Technology (DUET) and graduated with Bachelor of Engineering (BE) in Electronic Engineering. He went to attend the Quaid-e-Azam University and graduated with Master of Science (MS) in physics, where he specialized in electromagnetism.
Habib joined the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission where he was part of the nuclear safety division, and went joined the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority in 2001. In 2009, he was appointed chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Authority and has spoken internationally in health and radiation safety, and written multiple papers on nuclear regulation and safety.
He is currently as a professor and director of the nuclear power at the South Asian Strategic Stability Institute University (SASSI)—a Pakistan-based foreign policy think tank.

## Awards

* Hilal-i-Imtiaz (2018)
# Ernst Erwin Oehme

Ernst Erwin Oehme (18 September 1831 in Dresden – 10 October 1907 in Blasewitz) was a German painter known mainly for his oils and watercolor paintings of landscapes, architectural views, genre scenes and portraits.

## Biography

He was son and pupil of Ernst Ferdinand Oehme, a landscape painter. He attended the Dresden Academy of Art, and for a short time worked under Ludwig Richter, after which he made an artistic tour through Germany, Switzerland, England and France. His studies of nature during his travels were the main influence on his style.

## Works

He painted, in oils and watercolors, landscapes, architectural views, genre and portraits. The court theatre at Dresden was decorated by him. For several royal palaces, he painted a series of tapestries in watercolor, in imitation of Gobelin tapestry.
In 1877 he executed three mural paintings representing the “Rape of the Saxon Princes in 1415” in the banquet hall of the Albrechtsburg at Meissen, and in 1887-89 painted the “Declaration of Venezuela's Independence by Bolivar,” a picture in heroic size for the House of Parliament at Caracas. For Queen Carola of Saxony, he produced a collection of views of Compiègne. Other notable works include “Funeral in Spreewald”, “Stone Quarry in Saxon Switzerland”, “Bear Hunt” (in watercolor) and “The Valley of Montafont”.
# Cinema of Togo

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] Cinema in Togo began with German colonial filmmakers visiting Togoland. The French attempted to suppress cinema in French Togoland. After the Togolese Republic gained independence in 1960, Togo's national government encouraged cinema, though government support for cinema lapsed when French funding was withdrawn in the 1990s. More recently, however, the film industry is once again growing in Togo.

## Cinema in the colonial period

The amateur filmmaker Carl Müller filmed Lomé in 1906, touring Germany with his films on his return. More systematic encouragement to colonial filming of Togoland was provided by the explorer Adolf Friedrich, colonial governor of Togoland from 1912 to 1914. Wilhelm Solf's 1913 visit to the colony was filmed and distributed in Europe. Hans Schomburgk first visited Togo in 1913–14, working with the British cameraman James S. Hodgson and the actress Meg Gehrts. Though the outbreak of World War I led to most of their material being confiscated and lost, Schomburgk had enough material to release a series of short films in 1916–17. Schomburgk's Im Deutschen Sudan (In the German Sudan) was a feature-length 1917 documentary, used for colonial propaganda.
French colonial law did not initially regulate film production and distribution. In 1932 the French colonial administrator Robert de Guise complained that Africans in French Togoland, such as Albert John Mensah in Lomé, were turning their homes and businesses into illicit cinemas. As a result, the Laval Decree established censorship to control the authorship, content and distribution of films.

## Cinema post-independence

The 1970s were "a great period for Togolese cinema", according to cultural administrator Komi Ati: the post-independence government encouraged cinema, establishing the Service du Cinéma et des Actualités Audiovisuelles (CINEATO) in 1976 to make newsreels and documentaries. However, Togolese cinema suffered a setback in 1993, when the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie withdrew all their funding for ten years. Cinemas and distribution companies closed down.

## Contemporary growth

The Togolese film sector is relatively small and undeveloped, and struggles with postcolonial dilemmas of representation. However, it has recently started to grow in self-confidence. Anne-Laure Folly, making documentaries since the early 1990s, is a Togolese filmmaker who has gained an international reputation. In 2009 Christelle Aquéréburu established ECRAN, a film school in Togo which has taught over 100 students and produced 20 films and documentaries. The work of one ECRAN student, Essi Névamé Akpandza, was nominated in the School Films category at the 2013 FESPACO. A new film and animated code has been established to boost the film industry in Togo. In 2018 the Togolese Minister of Culture, Guy Madje Lorenzo, opened a government-sponsored cinema week, screening over sixty films and organizing a scriptwriting residency. New filmmakers include Gilbert Bararmna and the award-winning Joël Tchédré.
# Ernest Julius Wilczynski

Ernest Julius Wilczynski (November 13, 1876 – September 14, 1932) was an American mathematician considered the founder of projective differential geometry.
Born in Hamburg, Germany, Wilczynski's family emigrated to America and settled in Chicago, Illinois when he was very young. He attended public school in the US but went to college in Germany and received his PhD from the University of Berlin in 1897. He taught at the University of California until 1907, the University of Illinois from 1907 to 1910, and the University of Chicago from 1910 until illness forced his absence from the classroom in 1923. His doctoral students include Archibald Henderson, Ernest Preston Lane, Pauline Sperry, Ellis Stouffer, and Charles Thompson Sullivan.

## Selected publications

* Projective differential geometry of curves and ruled surfaces, Leipzig, Teubner 1906
* Projective differential geometry of curved surfaces, Parts I–V, Transactions American Mathematical Society
** vol. 8, 1907, Part I, pp. 223–260
** vol. 9, 1908, Part II, pp. 79–120 doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-1908-1500804-6; Part III, pp. 293–315 doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-1908-1500815-0
** vol. 10, 1909, Part IV, pp. 176–200 doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-1909-1500833-3; Part V, pp. 279–296 doi:10.1090/S0002-9947-1909-1500839-4
# Toasted Walnut

Toasted Walnut Bar and Kitchen, better known as Toasted Walnut, was a lesbian bar at 1316 Walnut Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 2016 until its closure in early 2021.

## History

The bar and nightclub was operated by Denise Cohen who had a long career in Philadelphia's lesbian bars, including Hepburn's and Sisters. Chopped winner Diana Sabater was the opening chef and from its inception, Toasted Walnut focused on being open and inviting to all, rather than marketing itself specifically to lesbians, although it simultaneously sought to fill the void left by Sisters' closure two years prior.
As a result of Toasted Walnut's closure, there are only fourteen lesbian bars remaining in the United States as of 2021.
# Ciornovăț

The Ciornovăț (also: Cernovăț) is a right tributary of the river Caraș (Karaš) in Romania. It discharges into the Caraș in Vărădia. Its length is 33 km (21 mi) and its basin size is 129 km$^2$ (50 sq mi).
# Circled a

Circled a, @, Ⓐ, (A), or variations thereof may refer to:
* At sign (@), used in email/X/Instagram addresses, macro signifiers, prices
* Anarchist symbol, the A inscribed in a circle
* The trademark on the radiators of Atkinson lorries
* Enclosed A (ⓐ,Ⓐ), an "A" inscribed inside a circle, a typographic character, see Enclosed Alphanumerics
* United States Third Army, whose shoulder insignia is an A in a circle.
* @ (album), a 2013 album by John Zorn and Thurston Moore
* @ (unit), a custom unit (arroba)
* a symbol of New Atheism
# Apistogramma eremnopyge

Apistogramma eremnopyge is a species of cichlid. It is only known from the Rio Pintuyacu, a tributary of the Rio Itaya near Iquitos, Peru. Most of the tributaries of this river system carry acid blackwater (pH ~ 5).
This is a small cichlid, 26–35 mm (1.0–1.4 in) standard length which can be easily distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a prominent dark blotch on the lower part of the caudal peduncle in both sexes. The male is strikingly coloured with vivid blue and red patterning on the cheek and operculum and maroon, orange and blue colouring on the dorsal fin.
# Churchill National Park

The Churchill National Park is a national park located in the Greater Melbourne region of Victoria, Australia. The 271-hectare (670-acre) national park is situated 31 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Melbourne adjacent to the suburb of Lysterfield South, which lies between Rowville and Endeavour Hills in the far north of the City of Casey. The national park is near the Monash Freeway and Stud Road. When combined with the adjacent Lysterfield Park, the two parks comprise 1,668 hectares (4,120 acres) in the Dandenong Valley and the Dandenong Ranges that are a haven for native birds, mammals and reptiles, and provide recreational opportunities.
Established on 12 February 1941 as the Dandenong National Park, the park was renamed in 1944 in honour of Sir Winston Churchill.
Churchill National Park is about one and a half hours from Melbourne, Victoria.

## Features

There are tracks throughout the Churchill National Park for walking, cycling and jogging. One recommended walking track for a very peaceful walk is Channel Track, surrounded by thick woodland and it runs beside the old aqueduct. The eastern boundary track is particularly good for cycling and jogging. Bird watching is spectacular within the park especially by the dam along the northern boundary track.
The picnic ground has gas barbecues, a unisex toilet and a shelter. Picnic grounds are provided on the end of the access road.
Churchill National Park is famous for its 173 different species of birds, such as the Australian wood duck and the Pacific black duck. Most mammals are only active at night, so if you arrive early or leave late, you might be lucky enough to see one, such as echidnas, wallabies and kangaroos. Echidnas are also active during the day, searching for ants and grubs in the ground.

## History

The park that is now Churchill National Park was once the police corps headquarters for blacktrackers and provided grazing land for the police horses. Many years later it was known as the Dandenong Police Paddocks. In the 1920s, metropolitan development brought some change to the parklands, which was still known as Police Paddocks. Local stone was dug up for road metal and building material, a water supply channel was cut to Dandenong, and the State Electricity Commission obtained a power line easement. Fire and the clearing of the area took place. In 1939 the area was set aside as the Dandenong National Park, gazetted in February 1941, and later renamed Churchill National Park in 1944.
An old quarry is located in the northwest corner of the park, where remains of the associated tramway and crusher foundations are still visible. The tramway was known as the Scoresby Tramway. Constructed by the Dandenong Shire Council in 1912, it was used to transport crushed rock from the quarry. The wagons travelled by gravity for most of the distance; when the topography leveled out, horses were used to draw them. The quarry operated for approximately three years. The tramway was removed after the cessation of quarrying.
# Tom Baker (priest)

Thomas George Adames Baker (called Tom; 22 December 1920 – 25 September 2000) was an Anglican priest in the second half of the 20th century. He served as Dean of Worcester from 1975 to 1986.
Baker was born in Southampton. He was educated at King Edward VI School, Southampton and Exeter College, Oxford and ordained in 1945. His first post was as a curate at All Saints, King's Heath after which he was Vicar of St James' Church, Edgbaston. He was then Sub-Warden of Lincoln Theological College then Principal of Wells Theological College. In 1971 he became Archdeacon of Bath and four years later was appointed to the deanery of Worcester Cathedral where he served until 1986.