OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Knight in Black

The Knight in Black is an oil on canvas portrait painting of an unknown male subject by Giovanni Battista Moroni, from c. 1567. It is held in the Museo Poldi Pezzoli, in Milan.

## History

The first written reference to the work shows it was probably in Secco Suardo's collection with other portraits produced for his family by the same artist. At the end of the 18th century, it was still in the family, namely with Caterina Terzi Secco Suardo in Bergamo, shortly before passing to Barbara Secco Suardo Mosconi of the same city and then to the latter's husband Giovanni Mosconi. In 1845 it was left to the Moroni counts in Bergamo, before being acquired by Luciano Scotti, son of Giulia Casanova and Annibale Scotti. In 1952 it was moved to Milan, where it remained for ten years before being donated to its present owner.

## Description and analysis

As in many other portraits by Moroni of the same time, the subject of the painting is anonymous. He seems to be from the nobility, because of his fine clothing, has a beard and is portrayed standing, life-sized, dressed in black according to the fashion of the time, refined even more by a curled white collar. He has one hand holding the hilt of the sword tied at his waist, while the other hand is on his chest. The clothing has an extraordinary drapery, specially adequated for the composition which is based on a single colour. He wears a black hat on his head, decorated with an elegant and light black feather that stands out diaphanously in the background.
The man is portrayed while looking straight at the viewer, with a confident attitude. He is probably inserted in the context of a house, with the presence of a gray background with pilasters, on which his shadow is also hinted.
# Annestad

Annestad is an area in the eastern part of Bunkeflostrand, a suburb of Malmö, Sweden. The area is situated just south of the Outer ring road and Limhamns kalkbrott.

## Buildings

In Annestad, there are about 1,200 apartments in buildings 2-4 stories high. In the eastern part there is a collective housing called BoAktiv Landgången. In the centre, there is a grocery store, a hairdresser and a pizza place. There is also a Capio Citykliniken medical centre in the area. At Annestad's northern end there is a cafe and tourism centre called Skånegården. In the spring of 2013, the city of Malmö completed an area of allotment gardens situated west of Skånegården. In the eastern part, there is a winter park for children with hills for riding sledges. In the western end, there are parks, a playground and soccer fields. In this part of Annestad, there is also a pre-school, which opened in 2007.

## Transport

The area is served by city bus number 6 which goes between Klagshamn/Bunkeflostrand and Videdal/Toftanäs, which stops at Hyllie railway station/Emporia (shopping mall). It is also served by bus 999, a commuter bus to Copenhagen and Copenhagen airport. The Outer ring road passes by just north of Annestad with Vintrie interchange being the closest, which is also the last interchange in Sweden before going on the Öresund bridge.
# Civil Aviation Department RG-1 Rohini

The Civil Aviation Department RG-1 Rohini (Literally means Tropic Bird) is an Indian two-seat training sailplane of the 1960s. A high-winged wooden monoplane, with side-by-side seating;at least 107 were built.

## Development and design

The Technical Centre of the Indian Civil Aviation Department is its research and development arm, and started design and production of sailplanes in 1950. In the early 1960s S Ramamritham designed a two-seat training sailplane, the RG-1 Rohini, the first of four prototypes flying on 10 May 1961. The Rohini is a monoplane of wooden construction, with a braced high wing and a low mounted tail positioned forward of the fin. Its crew of two sit side by side in an open cockpit, while the aircraft's undercarriage consists of a single unsprung wheel under the fuselage, with skids under the nose and tail.
A total of 17 Rohinis were built by Veegal Engines and Engineering of Calcutta, with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited building a further 86 RG-1s by 1971.

## Specifications (RG-1 Rohini)

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1971-72 The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde Volume II
General characteristics
* Crew: 2
* Length: 7.18 m (23 ft 7 in)
* Wingspan: 16.56 m (54 ft 4 in)
* Height: 2.33 m (7 ft 8 in)
* Wing area: 20.76 m$^2$ (223.5 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 13.2:1
* Airfoil: NACA 4418 at root, NACA 4412 (modified) at tip
* Empty weight: 274 kg (604 lb)
* Gross weight: 494 kg (1,089 lb)
Performance
* Stall speed: 48 km/h (30 mph, 26 kn)
* Never exceed speed: 184 km/h (114 mph, 99 kn)
* Aerotow speed: 112 km/h (69.6 mph; 60.5 kn)
* Winch launch speed: 96 km/h (59.7 mph; 51.8 kn)
* g limits: +5 -2.5
* Maximum glide ratio: 21:1 at 77 km/h (47.8 mph; 41.6 kn)
* Rate of sink: 0.85 m/s (167 ft/min) at 61 km/h (37.9 mph; 32.9 kn)
# Keith Seaman

Sir Keith Douglas Seaman KCVO OBE (11 June 1920 – 30 June 2013) was Governor of South Australia from 1 September 1977 until 28 March 1982. He was the second successive governor to have been a minister of religion, Seaman being a minister in then recently merged Uniting Church in Australia.

## Life

Seaman was born in McLaren Vale, South Australia, on 11 June 1920.
Seaman's term as governor was not without controversy. On 24 February 1978, The Advertiser in Adelaide reported that he was about to be dismissed. He was not, but was forced to admit that he had committed a "grave impropriety" prior to his appointment; it had been examined by the Uniting Church discipline committee and he had been allowed to continue his ministry.
Before being appointed governor, Seaman had been superintendent of the Adelaide Central Methodist Mission (now Uniting Communities, formerly UnitingCare Wesley Adelaide), and in 1973 was a member of the National Commission on Social Welfare under Marie Coleman which was set up by Prime Minister Gough Whitlam.
Seaman died at his home in 2013, aged 93.
# Sun Chuanting

Sun Chuanting (Chinese: 孫傳庭; pinyin: Sūn Chuántíng; 1 January 1593 – 3 November 1643), courtesy name Boya (百雅), art name Baigu (白谷), was born in Shanxi; he was the late Ming dynasty's Minister of War (Bingbu Shangshu), and Field Marshal (Dushi). He led 10,000 Ming troops against Li Zicheng's 70,000 troops. He was defeated and killed by Li in the Battle of Tongguan (1643).
Sun Chuanting was described by history records as a tall and muscular man who was physically strong and excelled in horseback archery in his early days. Graduating as jinshi in 1619, he rose in 1635 to be Governor of Shaanxi, and by active measures stamped out the existing rebel movement. After an unsatisfactory campaign in Henan against the rebels there, he became Viceroy of Shandong and a part of Zhili. The fall of Jinan in 1639 was made a pretext for imprisoning him; however, in 1642 he was appointed Vice President of the Board of War and hastened with the garrison of Beijing to relieve Kaifeng, long besieged by Li Zicheng.
After Sun scored some initial victories, Li retreated his forces while leaving behind mass amounts of valuables. The Ming troops were undisciplined and broke rank to loot the valuables. Li then countered attacked and scattered the Ming troops. Sun had no choice but to retreat to Shaanxi as Viceroy. He planned to hold off Li's forces until Ming reinforcements could arrive. But in spite of Sun's objections that all the trained soldiers were dead and the new recruits not yet serviceable, Chongzhen Emperor wanted a quick victory against the rebels and Sun was obliged to advance against Li. Li soon scattered his raw levies.
With great difficulty he raised fresh forces and again advanced. At first successful, he reached the Jia District only to find that heavy rains had made it impossible for supplies to come forward. He therefore fell back with two divisions, pursued by the rebels. The inexperienced artillerymen deserted their guns and a rout ensued, 40,000 men being lost. Li followed up his advantage, and in November the Tong Pass was forced and Sun was killed, fighting to the last.

## In popular culture

Sun Chuanting is a primary character in the 2013 Chinese historical film Fall of Ming (Chinese: 大明劫), played by actor Leon Dai.
# Frederik Hegel

Frederik Vilhelm Hegel (11 May 1817 – 27 December 1887) was a Danish bookseller and publisher. He was born in Fredensborg. He started working for the bookstore Gyldendalske Boghandel at the age of fifteen, and took over the company in 1850. Under his leadership Gyldendal published many of the most important Norwegian writers, including Bjørnson, Ibsen, Kielland, Lie and Asbjørnsen. Hegel also published a number of dictionaries, periodicals and school books.
# Alexander Hamilton Sands

Alexander Hamilton Sands (1828–1887) was a Virginia lawyer, writer, and Baptist minister.

## Early life

Born in Williamsburg, Virginia, Sands could trace his ancestry to Thomas Sands of Williamsburg, who married Mary Gilliatt, the daughter of the superior court clerk in Richmond. When he was ten years old, Sands began attending the College of William & Mary, and four years later moved to Richmond. The death of his father in 1842 prompted the move, and he entered the law office of his brother William G. Sands, who was the clerk of the Superior Court of Law and Chancery in the City of Richmond. He read the law under the tutelage of his brother and Superior Court Judge Robertson.

## Legal career

Admitted to the Virginia bar on April 13, 1849, at the age of twenty-one, Sands eventually became a prominent lawyer in the Commonwealth of Virginia, particularly in the intricacies of chancery practice. During the American Civil War, he served as a judge-advocate.
Sands and John Howard shared a practice known as Howard & Sands. This founding law practice eventually became the law firm of Sands Anderson PC.*Sands Anderson PC Law Firm Founded by A. Scott Anderson and Alexander Hamilton Sands

## Religious career

Just before the American Civil War Mr. Sands was ordained as a Baptist minister, and he established churches in Ashland and Glen Allen for African Americans and served as their pastor. For the rest of his life he preached on Sundays and practiced law during the week. Mr. Sands was a delegate to the Virginia Secession Convention (held in 1861). In the early 1880s, Mr. Sands practiced law with his son Conway in a firm known as Sands & Sands, and he continued the practice of law up until shortly before his death on December 22, 1887.

## Literary career

Alexander Sands was a prolific writer. For several years he edited the Evening Bulletin, a paper published in the City of Richmond, and during the absence of Jno. R. Thompson in Europe, he edited the Southern Literary Messenger. He was also editor of the Quarterly Law Review, published in Richmond, and contributed articles to the Methodist Quarterly Review, the Christian Review, the Religious Herald, and many other religious papers. In addition to these published works, he authored the following books: “History of a Suit in Equity” (1854 and 1882); “Recreations of a Southern Barrister” (1860); “Alexander Tate's American Form Book” (1857); “Practical Law Forms” (1872); “Hubbell's Legal Directory of Virginia Laws”; “Sermons by a Village Pastor”; and “A Constitutional History of Virginia” (not printed). Through his literary interest he met and befriended noted author, and U.S. Ambassador to Italy, Thomas Nelson Page.

## Personal life

Sands married Ella V. Goddin, daughter of prominent Richmond businessman Wellington Goddin. Their sons William Hamilton Sands, Conway Robinson Sands and Alexander Hamilton Sands also became lawyers and joined their father's practice (except when C.R. Sands and later A.H. Sands served as Henrico County Commonwealth attorney), and Tucker Sands became a banker in Washington, D.C. and daughters married
# Mainchín of Corann

Mainchín mac Colláin was an Irish saint in Corran who is supposed to have flourished in the late 5th or 6th century.

## Biography

Mainchín mac Colláin is commemorated on 13 January in the Martyrology of Tallaght, the Martyrology of Gorman and the Martyrology of Donegal. The Martyrology of Donegal compiled by Mícheál Ó Cléirigh in the 17th century gives a number of details. His father is named Collán, while his mother is said to have been Deidi, daughter of Tren, son of Dubthach, who was chief poet to King Lóegaire mac Néill. This would him give a floruit in the late 5th or 6th century.
Deidi or Dediva (Editua in the Martyrology of Cashel) occurs elsewhere as a mother of saints such as Senán son of Fintan, Caillin (a disciple of Columba), Fedlimid of Kilmore, Daigh son of Carill, Femia, daughter of Carill, and Diarmait of Inis Clothrann.
The Martyrology of Donegal associates the saint with the region of Corran, which John O'Hanlon has preferred to identify as being coterminous with the barony of Corann in Co. Sligo.
In Scottish calendars, the saint appears to have been interpreted as or to have become confused with a female figure of similar name. In the Dunkeld Litany, where her name is Mancinach, she is grouped together with saintly virgins and widows. David Camerarius, in his calendar, calls her Mancina and describes her as a virgin saint who worked miracles in the Hebrides. A woman by the name of Mannsena is also named in the Martyrology of Donegal.
# Cetina (disambiguation)

Cetina can refer to:
* Cetina, river in southern Croatia
* Cetina, Croatia, village in Civljane municipality, Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia
* Cetina, Aragon, municipality in Zaragoza Province, Spain
* Beltrán de Cetina (1525-1600?), Spanish conquistador
* Gutierre de Cetina (1519-1554), Spanish poet and soldier
# LVW

LVW may refer to:
* Longview station (station code LVW), Longview, Texas, USA; an Amtrak train station
* League of Victorian Wheelmen (LVW), a professional-cyclist bicycle federation in the Australian state of Victoria, predecessor of Cycling Victoria
* LiveWire (company) (NYSE stock ticker LVW), a U.S. electric motorcycle company
* "Landing Vehicle, Wheeled" (LVW), U.S. Navy designation for the DUKW ("Duck", Duplex Universal Carrier, Wheeled) amphibious truck
* Loaded vehicle weight (LVW): see automotive acronyms and abbreviations
* Left ventricle weight (LVW), in anatomy and medicine
* Lint voor Verwonding (LvW), South African campaign medal, for the First and Second Boer Wars
# CKCQ-FM

CKCQ-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts at 100.3 FM in Quesnel, British Columbia. Owned by Vista Broadcast Group, the station has a country format and is branded as Cariboo Country. It also has a repeater in Williams Lake (CKWL 570 AM).
The station was launched in 1957 by Cariboo Broadcasters on 570 AM. The Williams Lake transmitter was added in 1960, and a 100 Mile House transmitter was added in 1971. The Quesnel station changed to 920 AM in 1980, and the 570 AM frequency was allocated to CKWL in Williams Lake where it remains today. In 2004, CKCQ migrated to its current FM frequency and abandoned its 920 AM frequency.
The 100 Mile station, CKBX was converted to a stand-alone station serving 100 Mile and area exclusively in 2008. The old AM transmitter is gone and the tower serves as the mast for the FM antenna which is located on the edge of a private residence near the Pinnacles on Stubbington Road. The FM station now transmits at 100.3 MHz with an effective radiated power of 1.8 kilowatts.
Vista acquired the stations from Cariboo Communications in 2005. In 2007 the radio station moved to its new location at 410 Kinchant in downtown Quesnel. The station was branded The Wolf but changed to Cariboo Country in 2014.

## Repeater

* Williams Lake: CKWL 570, (1,000 watts, Class B)
# Vy Russell

Vy Russell (born Violet Donnelly) was an American screenwriter, producer, and TV writer who worked primarily in the science-fiction genre during the 1950s and 1960s. A native Texan, she was married to cinematographer John L. Russell of Wisberg-Pollexfen Productions.

## Selected filmography

* Monstrosity (1963)
* Indestructible Man (1956)
* The Gene Autry Show (TV) (1951; one episode)
# Frederik Hendrik Kaemmerer

Frederik Hendrik Kaemmerer (23 October 1839 – 4 April 1902) was a Dutch painter. He originally worked in the Romantic and Academic styles, but later became an Impressionist.

## Biography

He was born in The Hague and began his artistic studies at the Royal Academy of Art with Salomon Verveer, who taught in the Romantic tradition. His early works were mostly landscapes in the style of the Hague School. His first solo exhibition was in 1861 in Rotterdam.
In 1865, attracted by new trends in art, he went to Paris and enrolled at the Académie des Beaux-Arts, where he studied with Jean-Léon Gérôme and switched to a more Academic style. For a time, he specialized in French genre scenes set in the 18th century, featuring elegant ladies with courteous men. In 1870, he held his first exhibition at the Salon and won a medal there in 1874.
He established a studio in Paris and became a client of Goupil & Cie, but frequently returned to The Hague with friends and would stay at a seaside hotel in Scheveningen. It was during these stays that he began his transition to Impressionism; inspired by the effects of sunlight on the water and the fleeting changes of light and shadow on the sand. His work in this style proved to be successful, both in France and the Netherlands and he was awarded a silver medal at the Exposition Universelle (1889).
After 1891, he worked as an illustrator for Elsevier; contributing to their Neerland's Pen en Stift series ("Dutch literature illustrated by Dutch artists"). His first drawings appeared in Eene Illuzie, a collection of stories by Louis Couperus.
He apparently committed suicide at his studio in Paris. His works are in museums throughout France and the Netherlands, as well as in Munich and the Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, Massachusetts.

## Selected paintings

* During the Directorate
* In the Park, 1880
* Portrait of a Woman, c. 1895
* At the Masquerade Ball
* A Winter Escapade, c. 1870
# The Three Ages of Man (Giorgione)

The Three Ages of Man or Reading a Song is a 1500-1501 painting by Giorgione, now displayed at the Galleria Palatina within the Palazzo Pitti in Florence.

## History

The opera was first identified in a description by Marcantonio Michiel of the antique dressing room of Gabriele Vendramin, cited in a 1569 inventory. In 1657, the painting passed into the collection of painter Nicolas Régnier and from there it was bought by the Medici family between 1666 and 1675, where it entered the collection of Ferdinando de' Medici. This panel with a triple portrait was initially attributed to Jacopo Palma il Vecchio and then to a "Lombardic style." In 1880, Morelli was the first to re-attribute to work to Giorgione, a hypothesis mostly shared by critics.

## Description and style

The subject of the painting isn't clear. The title it has today is from the 17th century, but other hypotheses have suggested that the painting depicts a singing lesson or the education of a young Marcus Aurelius. The youth at the right has also sometimes been identified as a portrait of the musician Philippe Verdelot. Presumably, the same man is shown, represented in three moments of his life.
In the scene, there are three people, of different ages, on a dark background. The youth at center reads a folio on which are drawn two rules of a musical staff. The man to his left points to the music sheet, and an old man looks at the viewer of the painting.
The dark background contrasts with the incisive chromatic choices applied to the people. Their clothes and features emerge from the background gradually, with the "sfumato" effect typical of Leonardic works. Even the drafting with thin glazes comes from Leonardo da Vinci, with meticulous attention to details like the hair rendered with subtle brushstrokes.
The driving allegory, often present in works of Giorgione, is in this case music, the spiritual expression of man and the harmony of existence.
# List of empresses consort of the Yuan dynasty

The empresses of the Yuan dynasty of China were mainly of Mongol ethnicity, with the exception of Empress Gi who was previously a Kongnyo (Chinese: 貢女; lit. 'tribute women') from Goryeo. Empress Gwon who also came from Goryeo later became the empress consort of Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara of Northern Yuan dynasty.

## List

* 1260–1281: Chabi (察必), empress to Kublai Khan (Emperor Shizu of Yuan)
* 1283–1294: Nambui (南必), second empress to Kublai Khan (Emperor Shizu of Yuan)
* 1295–1299: Shirindari (失怜答里), empress to Temür Khan (Emperor Chengzong of Yuan)
* 1295–1307: Bulugan (卜魯罕), second empress to Temür Khan (Emperor Chengzong of Yuan)
* 1310–1311: Zhenge (真哥), empress to Külüg Khan (Emperor Wuzong of Yuan)
* 1313–1320: Radnashiri (阿納失失里), empress to Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan (Emperor Renzong of Yuan)
* 1321–1323: Sugabala (速哥八剌), empress to Gegeen Khan (Emperor Yingzong of Yuan)
* 1324–1328: Babukhan (八不罕), empress to Yesün Temür (Taiding Emperor of Yuan)
* 1328–1329: Budashiri (卜答失里), empress to Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür (Emperor Wenzong of Yuan, first time)
* 1329–1329: Babusha (八不沙), empress to Khutughtu Khan Kusala (Emperor Mingzong of Yuan)
* 1329–1332: Budashiri (卜答失里), empress to Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür (Emperor Wenzong of Yuan, second time)
* 1332–1332: Daliyetemishi (答里也忒迷失), empress to Rinchinbal Khan (Emperor Ningzong of Yuan)
* 1333–1335: Danashri (答納失里), empress to Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong of Yuan)
* 1337–1365: Bayan Khutugh (伯顏忽都), empress to Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong of Yuan)
* 1365–1370: Empress Gi (奇皇后), empress to Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong of Yuan)
Empresses who were granted their titles posthumously:
* 1336: Mailaiti, mother of Toghon Temür (Emperor Huizong of Yuan)

## Gallery

* Chabi, wife of Kublai Khan
* Nambui, wife of Kublai Khan after Chabi's death
* Shirindari, wife of Temür Khan
* Zhenge, wife of Külüg Khan
* Radnashiri, wife of Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan
* Sugabala, wife of Gegeen Khan
* Babukhan, wife of Yesün Temür
* Budashiri, wife of Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür
* Babusha, wife of Khutughtu Khan Kusala
* Daliyetemishi, wife of Rinchinbal Khan
# Makiyamaia gravis

Makiyamaia gravis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Clavatulidae.

## Description

The height of the shell attains 37 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off the Agulhas Bank, South Africa
# Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus

Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus is a species of weevil native to Europe.
# Leonard N. Boston

Leonard Napoleon Boston (March 18, 1871–1931) was an American physician remembered for describing Boston's sign.

## Biography

Leonard Boston was born in 1871 in Philadelphia, and graduated with an M.D. in 1896 from the Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia. He became Professor of Physical Diagnosis in 1912, and then Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in 1919. He became Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine at the Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania in 1928. He died from erysipelas in 1931.
# La Queue-les-Yvelines

La Queue-les-Yvelines (official spelling) (written as La Queue-lez-Yvelines by municipality) (French: ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.

## People

* Louise de Maisonblanche, Baroness of La Queue, illegitimate daughter of Louis XIV of France and Claude de Vin des Œillets died here in 1718.
# Citadel Hill

A Citadel Hill is a hilltop military stronghold. It can also refer to:
* Citadel Hill (Fort George), a glacial drumlin on Halifax, Nova Scotia and the site of Fort George
* Jabal al-Qal'a, a hill in Amman, Jordan and the site of a 2000-year-old Roman stronghold