OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sophia Romma

Sophia Romma (née Murashkovsky) is an American playwright known for her one act plays and experimental films. Her work has been reviewed by The New York Times and The Village Voice.

## Early life and education

Dr. Romma was born in Moscow and emigrated with her parents to the United States in 1979. Professor Romma is of Romani, Romanian and Ukrainian ancestry. She earned a Bachelor in Fine Arts (1995) and a Master's in Fine Arts (1997) from New York University. In 2005, Romma received her Honorary Doctorate Degree in Philology (majoring in 19th Century Russian Literature) with a Minor in French and Slavic languages from the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute. In 2017, Romma graduated from Fordham University School of Law and received her Master of Laws. Romma was the Literary Manager of the Negro Ensemble Company and worked closely on theatre productions with Charles Weldon and Leslie Lee.

## Career

Romma is the author of 14 off-Broadway plays, and her theater productions have been staged at theaters around the world. At the legendary New York experimental theater La MaMa, three of her plays were staged: In the Eyes of Hope (1997), Coyote, Take Me There! (1999) and Defenses of Prague (2004). Three of her plays have been reviewed by the New York Times: Sickle, two, one act plays (With Aaron's Arms Around Me and The Mire), and The Past is Still Ahead. In 2007, The Village Voice reviewed her play Absolute Clarity.
Romma has also written plays that have been produced as films. Her film "Poor Liza", which starred the Academy Award winning actress Lee Grant and the Drama Desk award winner Ben Gazzara, won first prize for screenwriting and was best original film at the St. Petersburg Literature in Film Festival in St. Petersburg, Russia. Her 2021 film "Used and Borrowed Time" has garnered awards at multiple domestic and international film festivals. Sophia Romma served ten years as a Board Member of the New York University's Alumni Association and was President of the volunteer award-winning NYUAA Alumni Club for three years. Dr. Romma was also on the Board of the League of Professional Women in Theatre and served as Co-Chair of the International Committee and of the Oral History Project at Lincoln Center with Betty Corwin. Sophia Murashkovsky Romma is a member of the American Bar Association, the New York State Bar Association and of the New York City Bar Association where she is the Co-Chair of the United Nations Committee. Romma is a member of the European Affairs Committee and a former member of the International Human Rights Committee at the New York City Bar. She also holds a seat at the Council for International Affairs at the NYCBA. Ms. Romma is an International Human Rights Attorney specializing in upholding the rule of law, civil rights and racial justice. Romma teaches American Literature and English Composition and is the Writing Specialist at the Graduate Writing Center at Touro University. Sophia is a member of The Players at Gramercy Park.
# City of Port Melbourne

The City of Port Melbourne was a local government area about 4 kilometres (2 mi) southwest of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia, on the south bank of the Yarra River. The city covered an area of 10.62 square kilometres (4.10 sq mi), and existed from 1860 until 1994.
The council area covered the current boundaries of the suburb of Port Melbourne; the Yarra River to the west and north, Boundary Street to the northeast, Hobsons Bay to the south and Pickles Street to the east.

## History

Port Melbourne was first incorporated as the Sandridge Borough on 13 July 1860. It was renamed Port Melbourne on 25 January 1884, and became a town on 20 January 1893. It was proclaimed a city on 14 May 1919.
The Labor Party normally dominated the council. In 1992, Lyn Allison was elected to the council as an Independent, a position she held until 1994. Allison was later elected as a member of the Australian Senate, and she also served as Leader of the Australian Democrats.
On 22 June 1994, the City of Port Melbourne was abolished, and along with the Cities of South Melbourne and St Kilda, was merged into the newly created City of Port Phillip.
The council met at the Port Melbourne Town Hall, at Bay Street and Spring Street, Port Melbourne. The facility is now used as a municipal library by the City of Port Phillip.

## Wards

The City of Port Melbourne was divided into three wards, each electing three councillors:
* Boundary Ward
* Centre Ward
* Sandridge Ward

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1954 | 13,104 |
| 1958 | 12,700* |
| 1961 | 12,370 |
| 1966 | 12,596 |
| 1971 | 11,705 |
| 1976 | 9,356 |
| 1981 | 8,585 |
| 1986 | 8,080 |
| 1991 | 7,496 |
* Estimate in the 1958 Victorian Year Book.
# Dannevirke Danish Lutheran Church and Community Hall

Dannevirke Danish Lutheran Church and Community Hall is a historic church at Dannervirke Road and Wausa in Elba, Nebraska. The church was founded by Danish Americans and the congregation maintained strong ties to their Danish heritage and language.
It was built in 1901 and was added to the National Register in 1999.
# George Jacobs (bridge player)

George Jacobs is an American bridge player, who lives in Chicago. Jacobs has won 11 North American Bridge Championships.
Jacobs is a monthly columnist with the American Contract Bridge League Bulletin magazine.

## Bridge accomplishments
### Awards

* Herman Trophy (2) 2000, 2001

### Wins

* North American Bridge Championships (11)
** Lebhar IMP Pairs (1) 1999
** Jacoby Open Swiss Teams (1) 2001
** Vanderbilt (3) 1999, 2004, 2009
** Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams (3) 2002, 2003, 2006
** Reisinger (1) 2000
** Spingold (2) 2001, 2002

### Runners-up

* Bermuda Bowl (1) 2007
* North American Bridge Championships (6)
** Silodor Open Pairs (1) 2005
** Mitchell Board-a-Match Teams (1) 2001
** Reisinger (3) 1998, 2001, 2005
** Roth Open Swiss Teams (1) 2008
# Gabriel graph

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$b$
$c$
$c$
$a$
$b$
In mathematics and computational geometry, the Gabriel graph of a set $S$ of points in the Euclidean plane expresses one notion of proximity or nearness of those points. Formally, it is the graph $G$ with vertex set $S$ in which any two distinct points $p\in S$ and $q\in S$ are adjacent precisely when the closed disc having $pq$ as a diameter contains no other points. Another way of expressing the same adjacency criterion is that $p$ and $q$ should be the two closest given points to their midpoint, with no other given point being as close. Gabriel graphs naturally generalize to higher dimensions, with the empty disks replaced by empty closed balls. Gabriel graphs are named after K. Ruben Gabriel, who introduced them in a paper with Robert R. Sokal in 1969.

## Percolation

For Gabriel graphs of infinite random point sets, the finite site percolation threshold gives the fraction of points needed to support connectivity: if a random subset of fewer vertices than the threshold is given, the remaining graph will almost surely have only finite connected components, while if the size of the random subset is more than the threshold, then the remaining graph will almost surely have an infinite component (as well as finite components). This threshold was proved to exist by Bertin, Billiot & Drouilhet (2002), and more precise values of both site and bond thresholds have been given by Norrenbrock.

## Related geometric graphs

The Gabriel graph is a subgraph of the Delaunay triangulation. It can be found in linear time if the Delaunay triangulation is given.
The Gabriel graph contains, as subgraphs, the Euclidean minimum spanning tree, the relative neighborhood graph, and the nearest neighbor graph.
It is an instance of a beta-skeleton. Like beta-skeletons, and unlike Delaunay triangulations, it is not a geometric spanner: for some point sets, distances within the Gabriel graph can be much larger than the Euclidean distances between points.
# Stixis itzingeri

Stixis itzingeri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1936.
# Metapilea

Metapilea jingxiensis is a species of flowering plant in the nettle family, Urticaceae. It is the sole species in genus Metapilea. It is native to Guangxi autonomous region in southeastern China.
# Tokano language

Tokano is a Trans–New Guinea language spoken by approximately 6,000 people in Lower Asaro Rural LLG, Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea. It is also known as Gamuso, Tokama, Yufiyufa, Zaka, Zuhozuho, and Zuhuzuho.
There are currently few publications. A collection of folk tales translated by John Guhise was produced by SIL in 1977, and there are also portions of the Bible available in Tokano.
# Filipe Barros (politician)

Filipe Barros Baptista de Toledo Ribeiro (born 29 May 1991) is a Brazilian lawyer and federal deputy for the state of Paraná.
Born in Londrina, he is affiliated with the Partido Social Liberal (PSL).
He is anticommunist and an ally of president Jair Bolsonaro.
# Dannevoux

Dannevoux (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.
# Abacetus sinuatellus

Abacetus sinuatellus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Pterostichinae. It was described by Straneo in 1949.
# Stixis obtusifolia

Stixis obtusifolia is a shrub or liana in the Resedaceae family. It is found in parts of Southeast Asia. The wood is used as fuel, the leaves as a tea.

## Description

This species grows as a deciduous shrub or liana.
It has silvery stems and branches. Leaves are simple, the adult leaves are glabrous, though occasionally with a few hairs on the nerves. The gynophore is shorter than 5mm and hairy, the ovary is glabrous.
Flowering occurs from November to March, fruiting from January to April.

## Distribution

This Southeast Asian species grows in the following countries: Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Myanmar.

## Habitat, ecology

The plant grows in degraded formations.
In the vegetation communities alongside the Mekong in Kratie and Steung Treng Provinces, Cambodia, this taxa is rare in the degraded areas of the riverine community. It grows on soils derived from metamorphic sandstone bedrock, at 20-25m altitude.

## Vernacular names

Aw krâpë (av kraboe, ao krâpoeu) (aw="skin", krâpë="crocodile", Khmer) is a name used in Cambodia.

## Uses

The wood furnishes firewood. The leaves can give a tea-like drink

## History

Henri Ernest Baillon (1827–95), a French botanist and physician, described the species in 1887 in the journal Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris (Paris).
# Dawn song

A dawn song is a song about lovers separating at dawn. The same genre is found under different names in several medieval languages:
* Alba (Occitan)
* Aubade (French)
* Tagelied (German)
# Shear strength (discontinuity)

The shear strength of a discontinuity in a soil or rock mass may have a strong impact on the mechanical behavior of a soil or rock mass. The shear strength of a discontinuity is often considerably lower than the shear strength of the blocks of intact material in between the discontinuities, and therefore influences, for example, tunnel, foundation, or slope engineering, but also the stability of natural slopes. Many slopes, natural and man-made, fail due to a low shear strength of discontinuities in the soil or rock mass in the slope. The deformation characteristics of a soil or rock mass are also influenced by the shear strength of the discontinuities. For example, the modulus of deformation is reduced, and the deformation becomes plastic (i.e. non-reversible deformation on reduction of stress) rather than elastic (i.e. reversible deformation). This may cause, for example, larger settlement of foundations, which is also permanent even if the load is only temporary. Furthermore, the shear strength of discontinuities influences the stress distribution in a soil or rock mass.

## Shear strength

The shear strength along a discontinuity in a soil or rock mass in geotechnical engineering is governed by the persistence of the discontinuity, roughness of discontinuity surfaces, infill material in the discontinuity, presence and pressure of gasses and fluids (e.g. water, oil), and possible solution (e.g. karst) and cementation along the discontinuity. Further the shear strength is dependent on whether the discontinuity has moved before in the geological history (i.e. are the asperities on opposing walls of the discontinuity fitting or non-fitting, or have the asperities been sheared off).

## Determination shear strength

Only for simple models of discontinuities the shear strength can be analytically calculated. For real discontinuities no analytical calculation method exists. Testing on various scales in the laboratory or in the field, or empirical calculations based on characterizing the discontinuity are used to establish the shear strength.

## Discontinuity shear strength tests

* Direct shear test or (Golder) shearbox test
* Punch-through shear test
* Tilt test (geotechnical engineering)
* Triaxial test

## Empirical calculations based on characterization

* Barton-Bandis shear criterion
* Sliding criterion
# Sotobanari

Sotobanari Island (外離島, Sotobanari-jima, Yaeyama: Fukabanari; Okinawan: Fukabanari) is one of the Yaeyama Islands, within the Sakishima Islands, at the southern end of the Ryukyu Islands. It is to the west of Iriomote Island, its nearest large neighbour. It is administered as part of the town of Taketomi, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The small island (about 1 km; 1000 yards in diameter), whose name means outer distant island, is vegetated, but has no running water.

## Hermit inhabitant

Sotobanari had one human inhabitant, a man named Masafumi Nagasaki, who had lived there in semi-isolation for three decades (1989-2018), nude, and bought food and water from a settlement an hour away by boat weekly with ¥10,000 sent by family. He was featured on the VICE News segment "Japan's Naked Island Hermit". In April 2018, the police forced Nagasaki to leave the island, as he became weak with age and had contracted an illness (suspected influenza). The Japanese government provided him with a bedroom and a small allowance. In 2022, Japanese authorities allowed Nagasaki travel to the island again, but he returned back to civilisation after visiting for only a few days with a documentary filmmaker, as he was too weak to sustain a life on the island.
# Toasted (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Toasted is the fourth album from Fatso Jetson, released on Bong Load Custom Records. Originally recorded in 1998, it wasn't completely released until 2001. This album was re-issued on LP in 2012 for the European Tour.

## Personnel

* Mario Lalli – guitar, vocals
* Tony Tornay – drums
* Larry Lalli – bass
* Chris Goss – producer
# Apkar Tebir

Apkar Tebir was an Armenian colonist and priest. He was one of the first to set up a printing press in Constantinople.

## Life and influence

Apkar Tebir was born in Tokat, Turkey. He studied typography in Venice, and in 1567, set up a printing press in Constantinople, one of the first to do so. In 1627, he obtained a Greek printing press, built by Nicodemus Metaxas, which had its machinery and type imported from England.
This had an important effect on Turkish Armenia and the Mediterranean world. The most notable was that of cultural repair, mainly though the colonists' work to restore Armenia's heritage through the medium of the printed page.
These activities showed their readiness to join in the European Renaissance, and they quickly undertook the task of broadening their compatriots' knowledge of the West. The Armenians also lent assistance during the Crusades, which helped a warm relationship develop between the Gregorian and the Roman Catholic churches.
# A Stitch in Time

A Stitch in Time may refer to:
* A Stitch in Time (EP), a 2006 EP by The Twilight Singers
* "A Stitch in Time", a Mike Waterson song
* "A Stitch in Time", a song by The Smashing Pumpkins on their 2009 album Teargarden by Kaleidyscope
* A Stitch in Time (Lively novel), a 1976 novel by Penelope Lively
* A Stitch in Time (Robinson novel), a 2000 Star Trek: Deep Space Nine novel by Andrew J. Robinson
* A Stitch in Time, a 1919 American comedy silent film directed by Ralph Ince
* A Stitch in Time (1963 film), a British comedy film with Norman Wisdom
* A Stitch in Time (2022 film), an Australian drama film
* "A Stitch in Time" (The Outer Limits), a 1996 episode of The Outer Limits
* "A Stitch in Time" (Continuum), the 2012 premiere episode of the Canadian television series, Continuum
# List of Canadian representatives at Miss America

This is a list of women that represented Canada at the Miss America pageant. Canada sent representatives in 1922, 1945, and from 1947-1963. In 1922 and 1945, the delegates that were sent competed as their local titles. From 1947-1963, the winner of Miss Canada represented Canada at Miss America.

## Miss Canada America

* : Declared as Winner
* : Ended as runner-up or top 5/6 qualification
* : Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
* : Ended as special awards winner
| Year | Miss Canada America | Local Title | Miss America Talent | Placement at Miss America | Special Awards at Miss America | Notes |
| No Representatives since 1964 |||||||
| 1963 | Helena “Nina” Marie Holden | Miss Victoria (BC) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1962 | Connie-Gail Feller | Miss Ottawa (ON) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1961 | Iris Elaine Thurlwell | Miss Northtown, Toronto (ON) | Vocal | Unplaced | Non-Finalist Talent Award (Best Popular Singer) | |
| 1960 | Rosemary Catherine Keenan | Miss Fredericton (NB) | | Top 10 | | |
| 1959 | Danica d'Hondt | Miss Vancouver Centennial | | Unplaced | | |
| 1958 | Joan May Fitzpatrick | Miss Windsor (ON) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1957 | Dorothy Germaine Moreau | Miss Montreal (QC) | | Top 10 | | |
| 1956 | Dalyce Gail Smith | Miss Whitehorse (YT) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1955 | Barbara Joan Markham | Miss Cornwall (ON) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1954 | Kathleen "Kathy" Ann Archibald | Miss Kelowna (BC) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1953 | Marilyn Delores Reddick | Miss Agincourt (ON) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1952 | Marjorie Alma Kelly | Miss Courtland (ON) | | Unplaced | Special Non-Finalist Talent Scholarship ($1,000) | |
| 1951 | Margaret Eleanore Bradford | Miss Windsor (ON) | | Unplaced | | |
| Miss America title was postdated |||||||
| 1949 | Margaret Lynn Munn | Miss Vancouver (BC) | Classical Vocal | Top 15 | Preliminary Talent Award | |
| 1948 | Betty Jean Ferguson | Miss Halifax (NS) | | Unplaced | | |
| 1947 | Margaret Marshall | Miss Toronto (ON) | | 2nd Runner-Up | Preliminary Swimsuit Award | |
| No Representative in 1946 |||||||
| 1945 | Georgina Patterson | Miss Northern British Columbia (BC) | | Unplaced | Miss Congeniality | Competed under local title at Miss America |
| No Representatives between 1923—1944 |||||||
| 1922 | Marie Gauthier | Miss Montreal (QC) | | Unplaced | | Multiple Canadian representatives Contestants competed under local title at Miss America |
| 1922 | Marjorie Smith | Miss Toronto (ON) | | Unplaced | | Multiple Canadian representatives Contestants competed under local title at Miss America |
| No Representative in 1921 |||||||
# Metarranthis refractaria

Metarranthis refractaria, the refracted metarranthis, is a species of geometrid moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Metarranthis refractaria is 6827.
# Grönholm

Grönholm is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Greta Grönholm, Finnish sprint canoer
* Kurt Grönholm, Finnish Olympic rower
* Maj-Len Grönholm, Finnish politician
* Marcus Grönholm, Finnish rally driver
* Niclas Grönholm, Finnish rally driver
* Ossi-Petteri Grönholm, Finnish ice hockey defenceman
* Peter Grönholm, Finnish Olympic fencer
* Sari Grönholm, Finnish Olympic snowboarder
* Ulf Grönholm, Finnish rally driver
# Ciorani

Ciorani is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. As of 2011, its population was 6,720. It is composed of two villages, Cioranii de Jos and Cioranii de Sus; the former is the administrative centre.
The commune is located in the southeastern part of the county, on the left bank of the river Cricovul Sărat, close to where it flows into the Prahova River. It lies on the border with Ialomița County, at a distance of 40 km (25 mi) from the county seat, Ploiești, 23 km (14 mi) from Urlați, 24 km (15 mi) from Mizil, 26 km (16 mi) from Urziceni, and 64 km (40 mi) from Bucharest. The 45th parallel north passes 30 km (19 mi) to the north.
Its neighbors are the communes Fulga to the north, Sălciile to the east, Adâncata to the south, Rădulești to the southwest, and Drăgănești to the west.
Ciorani is traversed north to south by the DN1D road, which joins Ploiești to Urziceni. On the western side of the commune is the Ciorani railway station, serving the CFR rail line Ploiești–Urziceni–Călărași.
The 3,000 m$^2$ (32,000 sq ft) archaeological site Movila Dărâmata, in Cioranii de Sus, contains remains of dwellings from the Boian and Gumelnița cultures, as well as from the Bronze Age and Roman Dacia. At the southern entrance to the commune there is a statue of Dromichaetes.

## Notable people

* Nelu Ploieșteanu (Ion Dumitrache)
# Cratomorphini

The Cratomorphini are a tribe of fireflies within the large subfamily Lampyrinae. The genera placed in this tribe often contain well-sized members of their family. The larvae of many species climb trees to feed on snails. This group includes a few "lightning bugs" (flashing fireflies) from North America, such as the genus Pyractomena. Further south in the American tropics, Aspisoma can be found.

## Systematics

The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling.

## Genera

* Aspisoma Laporte, 1833
* Aspisomoides Zaragoza-Caballero, 1995
* Cassidomorphus Motschulsky, 1853
* Cratomorphus Motschulsky, 1853
* Micronaspis Green, 1948
* Paracratomorphus Zaragoza-Caballero, 2013
* Pyractomena LeConte, 1845
# 180-line television system

180-line is an early electronic television system. It was used in Germany after March 22, 1935, using telecine transmission of film, intermediate film system, or cameras using the Nipkow disk. Simultaneously, fully electronic transmissions using cameras based on the iconoscope began on January 15, 1936, with definition of 375 lines.
The Berlin Summer Olympic Games were televised, using both closed-circuit 375-line fully electronic iconoscope-based cameras and 180-line intermediate film cameras transmitting to Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Nuremberg, and Bayreuth via special Reichspost long-distance cables in August 1936. In Berlin, twenty-eight public 180-line television rooms were opened for anybody who did not own a television set.
180-line system details: :
| System | Field frequency | Active picture | Field blanking | No. of broad pulses | Broad pulse width | Line frequency | Front porch | Line sync | Back porch | Active line time | Video/syncs ratio |
| 180-line | 25 Hz | 169 lines | 11 lines | 1 per field | 200 μs | 4500 Hz | 2.2 μs | 20.0 μs | 2.2 μs | 197.8 μs | 75/25 |
Some TV sets for this system were available, including the French Grammont models, Telefunken FE II and FE III, and Fernseh Tischmodell
After February 1937, both 180- and 375-line systems were replaced by a superior, 441-line system.
# George Hearn (disambiguation)

George Hearn is an actor and singer.
George Hearn or Hearne may also refer to:
* George Hearn (bishop) (born 1935), Anglican bishop of Rockhampton
* George M. Hearn (born 1951), American attorney and former member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
* George Hearne Sr (1829–1904), English cricketer, the father of George Gibbons Hearne
* George Alfred Lawrence Hearne (1888–1978), South African Test cricketer, the son of George Gibbons Hearne
* George Francis Hearne (1851–1931), English cricketer
* George Gibbons Hearne (1856–1932), Test cricketer who played for England and South Africa, the son of George Hearne and father of George Alfred Lawrence Hearne
# Manu Garba

Manu Garba (born 31 December 1965) is a Nigerian association football manager. He is the current head coach of the Nigeria national under-17 football team. In November 2013, he won the FIFA U-17 World Cup. In March 2015, he won the 2015 African U-20 Championship.