OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 23rd Alabama Sharpshooter Battalion

The 23rd Alabama Sharpshooter Battalion was a sharpshooter battalion of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The battalion was formed on November 25, 1863 at Charleston, Tennessee from three companies of the 1st Infantry Battalion, Hilliard's Alabama Legion.

## Service

The 23rd Alabama Sharpshooter Battalion served in Gracie's Alabama Brigade in the Department of East Tennessee in late 1863, before being transferred to the Department of Richmond in time for the Bermuda Hundred Campaign . It later served with the Army of Northern Virginia from the Siege of Petersburg to the surrender at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865.
# 23rd Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron

The 23d Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron was a unit of the United States Air Force. It was constituted on 24 June 1994, and activated on 1 July 1994 at Pope AFB, NC, assigned to the 23d Operations Group subordinate to Air Combat Command. On 1 April 1997 the Air Force inactivated the unit.

## History

The 23d Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron has supported several major operations. On 11 September 1994, personnel deployed to Haiti, Cuba, and Puerto Rico in support of Operation Uphold Democracy. In preparation for the Operation, the squadron expanded in size by 300 percent, obtaining personnel from Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve units, as well as some active duty medical units. Personnel established a first-ever Theater Patient Movement Requirements Center (TPMRC), employed an aeromedical evacuation liaison team (AELT) on the USNS Comfort (T-AH-20), and safely evacuated patients to destination hospitals. On 11 October 1994, command and control of aeromedical evacuation operations were transferred to Air Reserve Component units, allowing a rapid transition and redeployment of 23 AES assets in support of Operation Vigilant Warrior. Squadron members redeployed in less than 24 hours of their return from Operation Uphold Democracy.
In January 1995, the 23 AES deployed personnel in support of Operation United Shield and Operation Safe Passage. During Operation United Shield, a MASF, AELT and AECC were deployed to Mombasa, Kenya to aid in the withdrawal of US and UN forces from Somalia. An additional AELT was stationed on the USS Belleau Wood (LHA-3) for 40 days to provide a link with USN medical assets.
Also in January 1995, an Aeromedical Evacuation Operations Team was deployed to Howard AFB, Panama, for Operation Safe Passage. Over the course of 20 days, deployed personnel coordinated the safe transit of more than 7,400 Cuban migrants on 80 missions.
In December 1995, the 23 AES deployed personnel in support of Operation Joint Endeavor. Four TAES elements were deployed into the European Theater. Working jointly with the 86 AES, squadron personnel were responsible for all patient aeromedical evacuation within and out of the contingency area.
# 23rd Air Army

The 23rd Air Army was an Air army of the Soviet Air Forces and the Russian Air Forces, active from the 1960s to the 1990s. It traced its origins to the 12th Air Army, formed during World War II, and served in the Transbaikal region for the entirety of its existence.

## History

Originally the 12th Air Army had been activated by NKO decree of July 1942 on 15 August 1942, from the Air Forces of the Transbaikal Military District. Its initial units included the 30th and 247th Bomber Aviation Divisions, 245th and 246th Fighter Aviation Divisions, and the 248th Assault Aviation Division. From 1942 to 1945 it was part of the Transbaikal Front, and from 1945 to 1947 part of the Transbaikal-Amur Military District before becoming part of the Transbaikal Military District in 1949. In February 1949 the army was redesignated the 45th Air Army (decree of 10 January 1949). In July 1957 the army was redesignated the Air Forces of the Transbaikal Military District. In 1962 it was a very small force, only comprising an independent reconnaissance aviation regiment and an independent composite ('mixed') aviation squadron.
In late 1967 it was redesignated the 23rd Air Army. Three new aviation divisions were formed in the army between 1967 and 1972. In 1961 or 1969 the 189th Guards Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment arrived from Poland to Chindant-2 (likely the base also known as Borzya-2) in the Chita Oblast. In 1971 the 120th Fighter Aviation Regiment arrived from the Belorussian SSR (26th Air Army) at Domna (27 km from Chita) and became part of the army as an independent regiment. In 1980 the army was again redesignated the Air Forces of the Tranbaikal Military District.
In May 1988 VVS ZabVO was redesignated the 23rd Air Army.
The 313th Independent Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment joined 23rd Air Army in December 1993-January 1994, arriving from Georgia to Chindant-2 / Borzya-2. Already in place was the 30th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Division at Step, but the division was disbanded in 1990. Another reconnaissance aviation regiment in the area was the 101st at Borzya-2.
The army was disbanded by amalgamation with the 14th Independent Air Defence Army in 1998 to form the 14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army.
# Fragile Silence

Fragile Silence is a 1998 painting by graffiti artist Banksy. The 30-foot (9.1 m) mural appears on the side of a trailer. A couple who owned the mobile trailer gave permission to Banksy to paint their home in exchange for two tickets to the Glastonbury Festival.
# Formula game

A formula game is an artificial game represented by a fully quantified Boolean formula such as $\exists x_{1}\forall x_{2}\exists x_{3}\ldots \psi$.
One player (E) has the goal of choosing values so as to make the formula $\psi$ true, and selects values for the variables that are existentially quantified with $\exists$. The opposing player (A) has the goal of making the formula $\psi$ false, and selects values for the variables that are universally quantified with $\forall$. The players take turns according to the order of the quantifiers, each assigning a value to the next bound variable in the original formula. Once all variables have been assigned values, Player E wins if the resulting expression is true.
In computational complexity theory, the language FORMULA-GAME is defined as all formulas $\Phi$ such that Player E has a winning strategy in the game represented by $\Phi$. FORMULA-GAME is PSPACE-complete because it is exactly the same decision problem as True quantified Boolean formula. Player E has a winning strategy exactly when every choice they must make in a game has a truth assignment that makes $\psi$ true, no matter what choice Player A makes.
# Lake Idyl

Lake Idyl, an oval-shaped lake, is a natural freshwater lake in northeast Winter Haven, Florida. This lake has a 18.99-acre (76,800 m$^2$) surface area. Much of its surface area is swamplike and it has at least a few floating islands. Lake Idyl is bordered on the north and west by residences, on the northeast by a citrus grove, on the southwest by woods, on the south by Colony Club Mobile Home Estates and on the southeast by woods.
This lake provides no public access, as it is completely surrounded by private land. A canal, not navigable, leads from the east side of Lake Idyl to nearby Lake Buckeye. Both the Hook and Bullet and the Take Me Fishing websites say Lake Idyl contains largemouth bass, bluegill and crappie.
# Lake Idylwild

Lake Idylwild, which is round, has a surface area of 95.48-acre (386,400 m$^2$). The lake has one small island, almost rectangular in shape, that measures 50 feet (15 m) by 45 feet (14 m). It is just north of a canal on the northwest side the leads to Lake Jessie. Lake Idylwild is on the northwest side of Winter Haven, Florida. Residential areas border this lake on the northeast and western shores. On the south side are various commercial buildings. A woody area borders the southeast shore and the northwest shore is bordered by a grassy area.
Lake Idylwild has no public access directly. There are no boat ramps or public swimming areas. However, boats may access the lake from three canals. One on the northwest, connects to Lake Jessie. One on the east connects to Lake Hartridge. The third canal, on the south, connects to Lake Cannon. Lake Idylwild is part of the south part of the Winter Haven Chain of Lakes system, so boats may travel some distance to reach this lake. The Take Me Fishing website says this lake contains largemouth bass, black crappie and bluegill.

## History

In the 1940s there was an attraction on the shores of Lake Idylwild, called "Idylwyld Gardens". (See reference link #4 and #5 to photos of vintage post cards.) Idylwyld Gardens is now considered to be a "lost park".
# Alfred Ambler

Alfred Ambler (born 1 July 1879) was an English footballer who played as a half-back. Born in Ardwick, Manchester, he played for Hyde United, Newton Heath and Colne.
# CFAI-FM

CFAI-FM is a Canadian radio station in Edmundston, New Brunswick broadcasting on 101.1 FM. The station plays a French language active rock radio format and is branded as CFAI 101.1 / 105.1. CFAI also has a rebroadcaster in Grand Falls, broadcasting at 105.1 MHz.

## History

On August 21, 1990, La Coopérative des Montagnes Ltée received approval from the CRTC to operate a new FM radio station at Edmundston on the frequency of 101.1 MHz and Saint-Quentin, New Brunswick on 90.1 MHz. The station first went on the air on April 2, 1991. The Grand Falls station operating at 105.1 MHz as CFAI-FM-1 received approval on February 15, 1989.
The former CFAI-FM rebroadcaster at 90.1 MHz in Saint-Quentin is now used by a locally produced radio station as CFJU-FM.
The station is a member of the Alliance des radios communautaires du Canada.
# Ayanna McClean

Ayanna McClean is a hockey umpire from Trinidad and Tobago and former defender for the Trinidad and Tobago women's national field hockey team. She is the second person from the Caribbean to be qualified to umpire at a World Cup or Olympic tournament, after Roger St Rose, and the first woman. She is the daughter of Cherril Franco, who was the first woman from Trinidad and Tobago to become an FIH Grade One umpire.

## Playing career

McClean started playing hockey when she was 11. McClean was previously a member of the Ventures Hockey Club and she captained both her school team at South-East Port-of-Spain and the under-21 Ventures team. She received a hockey scholarship to attend Hofstra University in Long Island, New York in 2004, and later captained hockey team at Hofstra as well. She was a member of the under-21 Trinidad and Tobago training squad. She later represented Trinidad and Tobago at the 2003 Pan American Games in Santo Domingo.

## Umpiring career

While still playing at Hofstra, McClean became an FIH certified umpire. Her first international appointment was at the 2005 Junior Pan American Games in Puerto Rico. She went on to umpire at the 2007 Pan American Games, the 2009 Pan American Cup and the 2010 Pan American Youth Championships. In 2010 she was appointed as a neutral umpire for the inaugural Youth Olympic Games in Singapore. At the 2013 Pan American Cup McClean was honored for umpiring her 50th international match. Upon receiving her FIH Grade One in 2013, she became the highest-ranked female umpire from the Caribbean, and has been so since. In the run-up to the Olympic Games of 2016 she was heavily involved in umpiring Olympic Qualification tournaments, including the 2015 Hockey World League Semi-Final in Valencia, Spain, the 2015 Hockey World League Final in Rosario, Argentina, and the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada. In 2017 it was announced that McClean was appointed to umpire at the 2018 Hockey World Cup in London, UK. On the Olympic Games of 2024 in Paris, she was the referee for the match of Belgium against Japan https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/hockey/women/gpa-000800--
# K. V. Ramesh (archaeologist)

Dr. Koluvail Vyasaraya Ramesh (8 June 1935 – 10 July 2013) was an Indian epigraphist and Sanskrit scholar who served as the Chief Epigraphist and Joint Director General of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).

## Early life and education

Born in Palakkad, Kerala on 8 June 1935 into a Tulu-speaking Mangalorean family, Ramesh obtained a master's degrees in Sanskrit and literature from the University of Madras and a doctorate from the Karnatak University, Dharwad.

## Career at the ASI

In 1956, Ramesh joined the Archaeological Survey of India as an epigraphical assistant and was posted to Ootacamund. He became the Deputy Superintending Epigraphist of the Chennai circle in 1966, Superintending Epigraphist in 1976 and Chief Epigraphist in 1984. As Superintending epigraphist, Ramesh succeeded G. S. Gai as the editor of ASI's bulletin Epigraphia Indica and edited the last two volumes in 1975-76 and 1977-78.
Ramesh became the Joint Director General of the ASI in May 1992 and served until his retirement in June 1993. Post-retirement, Ramesh served as the Honorary Director of the Oriental Research Institute, Mysore from 1998 to 2006.
He was the first one to have deciphered a 12th century Sanskrit inscription at the Ram Mandir site in Ayodhya, which proved the existence of a temple at the site before the Babri Masjid was built over it.

## Views on Tamil-Brahmi

Ramesh believed that the Tamil-Brahmi script was pre-Asokan and that it originated as a South Indian script which was later adapted to write an Indo-Iranian language. When pottery bearing Tamil-Brahmi script found at Porunthal was radiocarbon dated to 490 BC, Ramesh cited the discovery in support of his claim.

## Personal life

Dr. K.V. Ramesh married his wife Prema in 1963 and had three daughters. He retired as a Joint Director General of ASI in New Delhi. Throughout Dr. Ramesh's career, he traveled extensively throughout India and around the world to countries in Europe, Asia and the U.S, consulting as an expert epigraphist.

## Death

Dr. K.V. Ramesh died at his home in Mysore on 10 July 2013.

## Honours

Dr. K.V. Ramesh was fluent in Kannada, Sanskrit, English, Hindi, Tulu, Malayalam, Telugu and Tamil. He was awarded the "Karnataka Purathathva Ratna" award in 2010.
He published four books in Kannada and nine books in English.
# Donald W. Brenner

Donald W. Brenner is a Kobe Distinguished Professor and Head of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at North Carolina State University. His research focuses on computational studies of materials for extreme environments, high entropy ceramics, tribology and tribochemistry, shock and high strain rate dynamics, nuclear materials, and self-assembled monolayers.

## Research and career

Donald W. Brenner is best known for his development of the reactive empirical bond order (REBO) interatomic potential, which was a precursor to ReaxFF and similar many-body reactive potentials. After receiving his Ph.D. in Chemistry Brenner was a member of the research staff in the Theoretical Chemistry Section at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington DC before joining the faculty at the North Carolina State University.
His honors include the 2002 Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology (theory), the 2013 Alcoa Foundation Distinguished Engineering Achievement Award, and the 2016 Alexander Quarles Holladay Medal for Excellence. He is also an editor of the "Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering and Technology, three editions", W. Goddard, D. Brenner, S. Lyshevski and G. Iafrate, Eds., CRC Press (2002, 2007 and 2012).

## Education

* B.S. in Chemistry from the State University of New York in 1982
* Ph.D. in Chemistry from Pennsylvania State University in 1987
# Tokyo (Juju song)

"Tokyo" (東京（とうきょう）) is a song recorded by Japanese singer Juju, from her seventh studio album I. It was released as the album's fifth single by Onenation on January 24, 2018. The song was co-written by Yū Arakaki and Masaki Yasujima of the music duo Akidasu, credited as R-Y's, and Tomoko, and composed by the former. The track was arranged and produced by Koichi Tsutaya. "Tokyo" is the theme song to the film Inori no Maku ga Oriru Toki (2018), the last chapter of the Shinzanmono series starring Hiroshi Abe, based on the novel of the same name by Keigo Higashino. The first pressing of the CD single comes with a DVD including a selection of live performances from Juju's Juju Hall Tour 2016 What You Want concert tour.

## Background

"Tokyo" was released merely three months following Juju's previous single, "Iiwake". The song's music video features actress Moeka Hoshi and was directed by Kentarō Hagiwara of Tokyo Ghoul fame. Koichi Tsutaya, who produced the song, stated about working with Juju that she stands out in the current Japanese music scene by being one of the few singers to put out varied quality adult contemporary music.

## Chart performance

"Tokyo" debuted at number 17 on the Oricon Singles Chart, with 4,000 copies sold in its first week. The song also charted on the Oricon Digital Singles Chart, debuting at number 4 and selling 18,000 downloads. "Tokyo" peaked at number 6 on Billboard Japan's Hot 100 chart.

## Charts

| Chart (2018) | Peak position |
| Japan Weekly Singles (Oricon) | 17 |
| Japan Weekly Digital Singles (Oricon) | 4 |
| Japan Hot 100 (Billboard) | 6 |
| Japan Download Songs (Billboard) | 4 |
| Japan Streaming Songs (Billboard) | 5 |
| Japan Top Singles Sales (Billboard) | 19 |

## Sales

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Japan | — | 69,000 |
# Manuel Sinato

Manuel Sinato (born 30 May 1979) is an Italian footballer who plays as a forward for Italian amateur club Colleretto Giacosa.

## Career

Born in Cuorgnè, the Province of Turin, Sinato started his career at Turin club Juventus FC Sinato played for Biellese in 1999–2000 Serie C2. In June 2000 Sinato and Luca Pellegrini were sold to Como in co-ownership deal for 150 million Italian lire and 100 million lire respectively, as part of Massimiliano Zazzetta deal for 150 million lire (Pellegrini returned to Juve in June 2001). In January 2001 Sinato left for Carrarese in temporary deal. The deal was renewed in summer 2001. In June 2002 the co-ownership deal between Juve and Como was renewed again, however in summer 2002 Sinato was sold to Como outright for about 100 million lire, which Juventus booked a financial cost of about €25,000 for the discount. Como immediately sold Sinato to Crotone in another co-ownership deal, as Sinato was a surplus for Como in 2002–03 Serie A. Juventus also paid Crotone to acquire Salvatore Aronica back to Turin in June 2002 and Crotone also acquired Pellegrini from Juve for 100 million lire. In January 2003 Sinato left for South Tyrol of 2002–03 Serie C2. At the start of 2003–04 Serie C1, Sinato left for fellow Serie C1 club Prato. In January 2004 Sinato left for Biellese again.
Sinato spent 2 season with the fourth division club Ivrea. In summer 2006 he left for Serie D club Rodengo–Saiano. He won promotion at the Group D winner of 2006–07 Serie D. On 21 August 2010 he left for fellow fourth division club Tritium. The team finished as the winner of Group A of 2010–11 Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as well as 2011 Supercoppa di Lega di Seconda Divisione.
After being released by Tritium he joined Vallée d'Aoste along with Andrè Cuneaz.
# Ericameria ericoides

Ericameria ericoides, known by the common names California goldenbush, mock heather, and California heathgoldenrod, is a species of flowering shrubs in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the sand dunes and coastal hills between the northern San Francisco Bay Area and the Los Angeles area.

## Description

Ericameria ericoides is a shrub that rarely approaches a maximum height of 1 metre (3.3 ft). It is densely foliated with comblike fans of small cylindrical leaves up to a centimeter long.
Its small erect branches are topped with inflorescences of small golden yellow flower heads, each with several disc florets and a few ray florets.
# Anton Refalo

Anton Refalo (born 1956 in Gozo) is a Maltese politician from the Labour Party. He was first elected to the Parliament of Malta in the 1987 Maltese general election from District 13. He has held a number of roles in the Maltese Government, including Minister for Gozo Affairs and Agriculture minister.
# Ephraim B. Hall

Ephraim Benoni Hall (August 25, 1822 – January 15, 1898) was the second West Virginia Attorney General.
Hall was born on August 25, 1822, in Middletown (now Fairmont) in what is now Marion County (then in Virginia, but later in West Virginia). He read law and was admitted to the bar in 1851 subsequently practiced law in his home county and neighboring counties. In 1861, Ephraim was elected to the Virginia convention in Richmond. On April 17, the convention voted to adopt an ordinance of secession from the Union; Ephraim was one of 58 to voted against secession. When the convention recessed in May 1861, Hall returned to Marion County to survey the people and determined that the majority were Unionist.
Hall did not return to Richmond in June and risked charges of treason for doing so. Later in 1861, Hall attended the Wheeling Convention, which re-organized a state government loyal to the United States—the future state of West Virginia. Hall attended the constitutional convention that produced the first West Virginia Constitution, and was one of four delegates to the convention selected to present the document to Congress.
Hall was elected to a two-year term as West Virginia Attorney General for the term beginning January 1, 1865. In October 1865, Hall was elected judge of the Tenth Circuit and resigned as Attorney General in December. He was re-elected a circuit judge of the Sixth Circuit (formerly the Tenth) but declined to accept.
In March 1870, Governor William E. Stevenson appointed Hall to be a member of the commission to negotiate the debt between Virginia and West Virginia. In September 1870, Hall was appointed to fill a vacancy as circuit judge in the Sixth Circuit. In October 1872, he resigned as Judge and moved to California. In 1875, he resumed the practice of law. Hall was an attorney in Santa Barbara until his death.
# Epicoma

Epicoma is a genus of prominent moths in the family Notodontidae. There are more than 20 described species in Epicoma, found mainly in Australia.

## Species

These 25 species belong to the genus Epicoma:
* Epicoma anisozyga Turner
* Epicoma argentata Walker, 1865
* Epicoma argentosa T.P.Lucas, 1890
* Epicoma asbolina Turner, 1902
* Epicoma barnardi
* Epicoma barytima Turner, 1917
* Epicoma chrysosema Turner
* Epicoma contristis
* Epicoma derbyana Strand, 1929
* Epicoma dispar Turner
* Epicoma isabella White, 1841
* Epicoma melanospila Walker
* Epicoma melanosticta Don.
* Epicoma nigrolineata Joicey & Talbot
* Epicoma ochrogutta Herrich-Schäffer
* Epicoma phoenura Turner
* Epicoma pontifascialis Rosenstock, 1885
* Epicoma pontificalis
* Epicoma protrahens T.P.Lucas, 1890
* Epicoma rubricorpus Swinhoe
* Epicoma signata Walker
* Epicoma subargentea
* Epicoma tristis Lewin
* Epicoma walkeri Strand, 1929
* Epicoma zelotes Turner
# Antipionycha

Antipionycha puncticollis is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae, the only species in the genus Antipionycha.
# Antiplanes briseis

Antiplanes briseis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 18 mm (0.71 in), its diameter 5 mm (0.20 in).
(Original description) The elongate, acute, white shell is covered with a very pale olivaceous periostracum. It shows a blunt swollen protoconch of about a 1½ whorl (eroded) and eight subsequent rather flattish whorls. The suture is obscure and appressed. The spiral sculpture consists of one or two feeble flattish cords between the periphery and the succeeding suture on the spire, and on the body whorl about twice as many more or less obsolete. The axial sculpture consists of rather prominent, deeply arcuate incremental lines. The anal fasciole is wide and not impressed. The deepest part of the sulcusis near the periphery. The aperture is narrow. The outer lip is thin, sharp and much produced. The inner lip and the columella are erased, the latter short, straight, obliquely attenuated in front. The siphonal canal is distinct, produced and straight.

## Distribution

The holotype was found off Drakes Bay, California, USA.