OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Castello Caldora, Civitaluparella

Castello Caldora (Italian for Caldora Castle) is a Middle Ages castle in Civitaluparella, Province of Chieti (Abruzzo).

## History

There is no reliable information about the foundation of the castle. The first historical source is a papal bull of Pope Alexander III in 1173 including the castle within the boundaries of the diocese of Chieti.
The strategic location of the original fort, located on the highest part of the town in a controlling the entire valley of Sangro river, pushed Jacopo Caldora to build a new castle, selected in the 15th century by his son Antonio as base during his battles against Ferdinand of Aragon, who conquered the castle at the end of the military campaign.

## Architecture

The castle is in ruins now: there are just few walls less than a meter high in the highest part of the town that don’t allow to reconstruct its architecture.
In addition to the building, the cliff leading to the castle was also demolished in several points to hinder the passage of any assailant.
# Coverley

Coverley is a surname. Notable people and characters with the name include:

## People
### Surname

* Aubrey Coverley (1895–1953), Australian politician in Western Australia
* Bernardine Coverley, writer, mistress of Lucien Freud and mother of British fashion designer Bella Freud
* Victor Coverley-Price (1901–1988), British painter

### Other names

* Edward Coverley Kennedy (1879–1939), Royal Navy officer
* Ludovic Henry Coverley Kennedy (1919–2009), Scottish journalist, broadcaster, and author
* Marjorie Coverley Luesebrink (1943–2023), American writer and scholar

## Fictional characters

* Major de Coverley, in the book and film Catch-22
* Terri Coverley, in the British TV comedy series The Thick of It
# Emmenosperma

Emmenosperma is a small genus of mostly tropical trees in the family Rhamnaceae. The name comes from the Greek "emmeno" meaning (I cleave) and "sperma", (seed). It refers to the seeds remaining after the fruit valves have fallen away. It is related to Jaffrea, endemic to New Caledonia.

## List of species

* Emmenosperma alphitonioides F.Muell. Australia
* Emmenosperma cunninghamii Benth.
* Emmenosperma micropetalum (A.C.Sm.) M.C.Johnst.
* Emmenosperma pancherianum Baill.
* Emmenosperma papuanum (Merr. & L.M.Perry) M.C.Johnst.
# Diabase Hills

The Diabase Hills are a mountain range in Washoe County, Nevada.
# Varlık, Artvin

Varlık is a village in the Artvin District of Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 210 (2021).
# Lindendale, Texas

Lindendale is an unincorporated community in Kendall County, Texas, United States, on Ranch to Market Road 1888. It is the site of the one-room Lindendale School.
30°06′43″N 98°37′55″W﻿ / ﻿30.11194°N 98.63194°W﻿ / 30.11194; -98.63194
* This article about a location in Kendall County, Texas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Lapidoth

Lapidoth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jan Lapidoth (1915–1989), Swedish bobsledder
* Ruth Lapidoth (born 1930), Israeli researcher and professor
# Edmund Quincy (1681–1737)

Edmund Quincy III (/ˈkwɪnzi/; 1681–1737) was an American merchant and judge. He was the son of Col. Edmund Quincy II (1627-1698) II and his second wife, Elizabeth Gookin. He married Dorothy Flynt and had 7 children. Four lived to adulthood, including Edmund Quincy IV and Dorothy Quincy, who was the topic of a famous poem by Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.

## Life

Like his father and grandfather, he was deeply involved with the affairs of the Massachusetts colony. He was a magistrate, Supreme Court judge from 1718 until his death, and a colonel in the Massachusetts militia. In 1737, he was appointed to a commission to settle the boundary between Massachusetts and New Hampshire. However, he contracted smallpox and died before his return to Massachusetts. The colony built a monument at his grave in Brunhill Fields Burial Ground in London and gave 1,000 acres (4.0 km$^2$) in Lenox to his family as a tribute for all of his efforts.
# MAG1

DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase is an enzyme that in yeast is encoded by the MAG1 gene.
MAG1 is involved in protecting DNA against alkylating agents. It initiates base excision repair by removing damaged bases to create abasic sites that are subsequently repaired.
# Anita Sood

Anita Sood-Mankar (born January 18, 1966) is a former national woman swimming champion of India. She became the fastest Asian swimmer to cross the English Channel with a time of 8 hours and 15 minutes on August 17, 1987, becoming the 333rd person to swim the channel. She was awarded Arjuna Award for her achievements. She is coached by Sandeep Digvikar.

## Achievements

Swimming since 1975, Anita first climbed to fame at the Trivandrum national age group meet in 1977, where she won nine medals - four golds, four silvers and a bronze - while participating in the under-13 category. A year later she bagged six titles in the Maharashtra state meet in Bombay and firmly established herself as a new phenomenon by bettering two records and beating long-reigning senior national champion Smita Desai to win the 100-metres freestyle.

## Personal life

Anita is from Maharashtra.
She is married to Abhijeet Mankar, resides in Los Angeles CA, and has 2 children.
# Lestkov

Lestkov may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Lestkov (Tachov District), a municipality and village in the Plzeň Region
* Lestkov, a village and part of Radostná pod Kozákovem in the Liberec Region
* Lestkov, a village and part of Klášterec nad Ohří in the Ústí nad Labem Region
** Egerberk, also called Lestkov, a castle in Klášterec nad Ohří
# Didier Hassoux

Didier Hassoux is a French investigative journalist and political writer. He is the co-author of six books about French politics, and he writes for the satirical newspaper Le Canard enchaîné.
During the 2017 French presidential election, center-right candidate François Fillon said Hassoux's sixth book, Bienvenue Place Beauvau, suggested President François Hollande ran a shadow cabinet to spread rumours about his opponents. Hassoux denied this was the case.

## Works

* Davidenkoff, Emmanuel; Hassoux, Didier (2004). Luc Ferry, une comédie du pouvoir. Paris: Hachette Littératures. ISBN 9782012357785. OCLC 265563691.
* Amar, Cécile; Hassoux, Didier (2005). Ségolène et François. Paris: Éditions Privé. ISBN 9782350760025.
* Dély, Renaud; Hassoux, Didier (2008). Sarkozy et l'argent roi. Paris: Calmann-Lévy. ISBN 9782702139349. OCLC 470985602.
* Hassoux, Didier; Labbé, Christophe; Recasens, Olivia (2011). L'Espion du président : Au cœur de la police politique de Sarkozy. Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont. ISBN 9782221129838.
* Hassoux, Didier; Thénard, Jean-Michel (2012). Comment j'ai sauvé le Président : Farces et attrapes de la Sarkozie. Paris: Calmann-Lévy. ISBN 9782702142875. OCLC 780367759.
* Hassoux, Didier; Labbé, Christophe; Recasens, Olivia (2017). Bienvenue Place Beauvau - Police : Les Secrets inavouables d'un quinquennat. Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont. ISBN 9782221198988.
# Wet blanket

Wet blanket may refer to:
* Fire blanket, a wet blanket used as a device to put out a fire
* Wet Blanket Policy, an animated cartoon
* "Wet Blanket", a 1987 song from The Chills' Brave Words
# Bald assertion

In advertising, a bald assertion in advertising (or non-establishment claim) is a subcategory of a false advertising claim. A bald assertion is a statement used in marketing, advertising or promotions by a company without proof or evidence of truth. An example of such advertising practices is when a company claims their product is the best on the market.
# Four on the Floor (Spiderbait song)

"Four on the Floor" is a song by Australian alternative rock band, Spiderbait and was released in August 2001 as the lead single from the band's fifth studio album The Flight of Wally Funk. "Four on the Floor" peaked at number 91 on the Australian chart and ranked at number 89 on Triple J's Hottest 100 in 2001.

## Charts

| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA Charts) | 91 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | August 2001 | CD Single | Universal Music Australia | 0151932 |
# The Flanders Hotel

The Flanders Hotel is located at 719 East 11th Street in Ocean City in Cape May County, New Jersey. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 20, 2009, for its significance in architecture, community planning and development, and entertainment/recreation. The Flanders Hotel is named after Flanders Fields in Belgium.

## History

The hotel was built in 1923 by the Ocean Front Hotel Corporation. The architect Vivian B. Smith designed the building in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was constructed using steel girders and concrete.
The hotel was originally managed by J. Howard Slocum until 1932, when Elwood F. Kirkman took over ownership of the hotel. James M. Dwyer purchased the building in 1996. The hotel was converted into luxury condominiums for daily rentals operating as a "Condotel" in 1997. Mr. Dwyer suffered several financial setbacks, including tax liens and personal bankruptcy. As a result of the bankruptcy, Mr. Dwyer was removed from his involvement with the hotel. In December 2005 a new board of trustees were installed, and Peter Voudouris was named president of the board of trustees and also assumed the responsibilities as general manager. He presently holds the title of director of hotel and banquet operations.
# Atsumi Peninsula

The Atsumi Peninsula (渥美半島, Atsumi Hantō) is a peninsula in southern Aichi Prefecture, central Honshū, Japan.

## Geography

It has an approximate length of 50 kilometres (31 mi) east-west, separating Mikawa Bay (to the north) from the Pacific Ocean to the south, with Ise Bay lying to its west. It faces the Chita Peninsula, to the northwest, across the entrance to Mikawa Bay. It has a width ranging from 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to 8 kilometres (5.0 mi), and its highest point is 328 metres (1,076 ft). Its total area is approximately 200 square kilometers.
Atsumi Peninsula is noted for its temperate climate, due to the warm Kuroshio Current offshore. The rock formations at Cape Irago, its western tip, and its beaches are part of the Mikawa Wan Quasi-National Park. Administratively, almost all of the peninsula falls within the city of Tahara, with its eastern "neck" within the city of Toyohashi.

## History

Archaeological excavation of the Yoshigo Shell Midden and Ikawazu Shell Midden [ja] sites has provided evidence for human habitation of Atsumi Peninsula during the Jomon Period. During Japan's feudal period, Atsumi Peninsula was the majority of land under the Tahara Domain. After the fall of the Tokugawa shogunate during the Meiji period, the peninsula became the heart of Atsumi District, with over 30 autonomous towns and villages. From the late 19th to the mid-20th century, most towns merged with neighbors or were consolidated by the government, until there were only two towns left: Atsumi in the west, which included Cape Irago, and the city of Tahara, to the east, which had the only railroad on the peninsula and shared a border with the larger city of Toyohashi. In 2005, was absorbed into the city of Tahara, which now occupies the majority of the peninsula, with a small portion of the eastern end within the borders of Toyohashi.
# Thomas Gamage

Thomas Gamage was a Welsh Anglican priest in the 17th century.
The son of Edward Gamage, Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1668 to 1686, he was born at Coychurch and educated at Jesus College, Oxford. He held livings at Ubley, Penbryn, Llangyfelach and Llanedi. Gamage was Archdeacon of Llandaff from 1670 until his death in 1705.
# Lestiou

Lestiou is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department of central France.
# Dick Richards (American football)

Richard Orville Richards (November 17, 1907 – November 13, 1996) was an American football player. He played college football at Kentucky and professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a fullback and wingback for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He appeared in nine NFL games, four as a starter, during the 1933 season.
# Westerburg (Verbandsgemeinde)

Westerburg is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district Westerwaldkreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Westerburg.
The Verbandsgemeinde Westerburg consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
| Ailertchen Bellingen Berzhahn Brandscheid Enspel Gemünden Girkenroth Guckheim Halbs Härtlingen Hergenroth Höhn | Kaden Kölbingen Langenhahn Pottum Rotenhain Rothenbach Stahlhofen am Wiesensee Stockum-Püschen Weltersburg Westerburg Willmenrod Winnen |
* This Westerwaldkreis location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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50°33′50″N 7°58′23″E﻿ / ﻿50.564°N 7.973°E﻿ / 50.564; 7.973
# Future Virology

Future Virology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Future Medicine. The editor-in-chief is Mark Wainberg (McGill University). The journal covers all types of virus, both from the perspective of human health (vaccines and disease prevention, disease treatment, and drug resistance. The journal was established in 2006 and is published by Future Science Group.

## Abstracting and Indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed by Biobase, Chemical Abstracts, Embase/Excerpta Medica, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 1.831, ranking it 30th out of 33 journals in the category "Virology".
# Four on the Fourth Road Race

Bridgton's Four on the Fourth Road Race is an annual 4-mile (6.4 km) foot race run held each July 4 in Bridgton, Maine, United States. It began in 1976. It grew from 169 participants in its first year (1976) to approximately 2000 runners and walkers for the 2011 race. The first five years were directed by Phoebe and Jerry Levine of North Bridgton, while years six through 25 were directed by Loraine and Jay Spenciner of Bridgton. Since 2002, the race has been directed by the Four on the Fourth Board (local residents closely associated with the Bridgton Public Library). On November 14, 2010, the Maine Running Hall of Fame inducted the Bridgton 4 on the Fourth Road Race into the Maine Running Hall of Fame.
The race attracted 2028 runners in 2011 from more than 35 states and numerous foreign countries.
Most of the proceeds of the race go to the Bridgton Public Library and other local charities.
In 2020, the race donated $21,500 to the Bridgton Public Library from the virtual race.
# Mabini Shrine (Batangas)

Mabini Shrine is a memorial shrine in Tanauan, Batangas, Philippines. The shrine is dedicated to Apolinario Mabini (1864–1903). He was a Filipino revolutionary leader and statesman who served as foreign minister and adviser to Emilio Aguinaldo, the first Philippine president. The shrine is also the place where Mabini was born.

## History

Mabini Shrine is a memorial shrine in Tanauan, Batangas dedicated to Apolinario Mabini. It was designed by Juan Nakpil, one of the National Artists for architecture in the Philippines.
The shrine hosts a historical marker that the Philippines Historical Committee, now the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP), installed in 1939 to denote the place where Mabini was born. A replica of the hut where Mabini was born can be seen in the shrine.
In addition, the shrine has a museum built in 1956, which the NHCP renovated in 2014. The museum's facilities now include an audio-visual room, a stereoscopy room, push-button exhibits, and a hologram display of Mabini.

## Gallery

* Signage
* Shrine
* Museum
* Exhibit
* PHC marker
* Replica of Mabini's birthplace
# Dude ranch (disambiguation)

A dude ranch is a guest ranch, a type of ranch oriented towards visitors or tourism.
Dude ranch may also refer to:
* Dude Ranch (film), a 1931 western film
* Dude Ranch (Modern Family), a 2011 episode of the television series Modern Family
* Dude Ranch (album), a 1997 album by Blink-182
# Thomas Lee Ballenger

Thomas Lee Ballenger (December 22, 1882 — November 8, 1987) was a historian, author and teacher. He was born in Rover, Arkansas on December 22, 1882. Ballenger received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Ouachita Baptist College in 1905 and began teaching in Mountain Home, Arkansas. He quickly transitioned from teaching to school administration in Loco, Oklahoma and Magnum, Oklahoma. After this time, Ballenger attended the University of Chicago to earn a second BA, and where he would eventually also earn a master's degree in History. In 1918, he married Mildred Josephine Parks, a member of the Cherokee Nation, with whom he had one son, Tom Jr. Due in part to his marriage to Parks, Ballenger focused his further studies in Cherokee history while receiving his doctorate from the University of Oklahoma. Ballenger died at age 104, on November 8, 1987.
# Christian Friedrich von Otto

Christian Friedrich von Otto (26 October 1758 – 8 September 1836) was a Württemberger official and politician.

## Life and career

Otto was born on 26 October 1758 in Dettingen unter Teck, as the son of a Protestant minister. After attending high school in Stuttgart, he studied law with Carl Christopher Hofacker (1749–1793) at the University of Tübingen. Later, he moved to the University of Strasbourg and focused on the Supreme Court in Colmar with French law. This helped him prepare his dissertation, and in 1780 he obtained his doctorate and worked as a lawyer.

## Career

In 1786, he became secretary of Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. In 1792, he was appointed Minister and assessor of the court. He later established the Kingdom of Württemberg. After 1806, he took over the Police Department of the Upper Württemberg and the Regional Economics College.

### Napoleonic Wars

During the Napoleonic Wars, he added the position of Commissioner-General for supply of foreign troops. This included the management of financial and material logistics and the hospital system. In 1811, he became Head of the Local Government and a member of the newly established Württemberg State Council. In 1814 he acquired the Grand Cross of Civil Merit Württemberg, which was connected with German nobility. In 1815, he took care of the financial compensation of the troops stationed in France the Württemberg army and the army of the Grand Duchy of Hesse by the French Treasury. In 1818 he acquired the Order of the Crown (Württemberg).
From 8 November 1816 to 10 November 1817, Otto served as Minister of Finance of Württemberg. From 10 November 1817 to 29 July 1821, he served as Interior Minister. From 29 July 1821 to 15 November 1831, he succeeded Hans Otto von der Lühe to serve as President of the Privy Council. He was succeeded by Baron Eugen von Maucler.

## Personal life

He died in Stuttgart on 8 September 1836.
# Adlercreutzia hattorii

Adlercreutzia hattorii is a Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic and Rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Adlercreutzia which has been isolated from human faeces.
# Al-Hajjaria

Al-Hajjaria Trust (Waqf or "property dedications")(Arabic: وقف الحجارية) refers to real estate in the suburb of Madinah. It was dedicated as a trust (waqf), which was incorporated in 1513, before becoming a landmark and used as legal reference for other properties in many court documents. These court documents are more than mere legal records; they also serve as historical preservation of the social and political circumstance of that period. Likewise, the record and history of the AlHajjaria Trust (Waqf) serves as a historical preservation as well.

## Description

Al-Hajjaria Trust was composed of the "Big House" on Souk Road and the well-known Al-Hajjaria Agricultural farm on Tahhan Road situated on the way out to Quba Mosque.

## History

Al-Hajjaria Trust was the most well-known trust in Madinah for over 500 years. It was dedicated by Sheikh Abu Baker bin Abdullah Al Hajjar. Al-Hajjaria was a prominent landmark and is mentioned in many Ottoman court documents as the points of reference for neighboring properties, as shown on this recorded deed from 977 Hijri (corresponding to 1569 Gregorian year). These documents are of historical significance as the Ottoman Empire ruled this area during that period and their court documents are the best preserved historical references of that era.

## Current status

The Al-Hajjaria Trust has since been sold, the areas developed, and the trust funds transferred to other property investments in Madinah, still held by the Al-Hajjar family descendants.
# Furnace Pond (Pembroke, Massachusetts)

Furnace Pond is a 107-acre (0.43 km$^2$) pond in Pembroke, Massachusetts. The pond is located southeast of Oldham Pond which is connected to Furnace Pond by an inlet, and east of Great Sandy Bottom Pond. The maximum depth is nine feet. The pond is a Class A Public Water Source for the Brockton Water Commission. Water from this pond is diverted into Silver Lake through Tubbs Meadow Brook, the pond's outflow, whenever there is a water shortage there. The Furnace Pond Neighborhood Association maintains a semi-public beach along the pond.
# Edmund Krzymuski

Edmund Krzymuski (1851 – 1928) was a Polish scholar of criminal law.
After studies in Kraków, Warsaw, Heidelberg, Berlin and Leipzig, he taught criminal law and criminal procedure at the Jagiellonian University of Kraków beginning in 1884, and briefly served as its rector. Krzymuski was a member of the Codification Commission of the Second Polish Republic and contributed significantly to the codification of Polish criminal law and criminal procedure.
# MacChoro

MacChoro (pronounced MacKoro) was a computer program for choropleth mapping developed for early versions of the Apple Macintosh computer. A choropleth map shades areas, such as states or counties, to represent values and is mainly used for the mapping of statistical data. Released in 1986, MacChoro was the first computer mapping program to implement Macintosh's point-and-click user interface for the analysis and production of thematic maps. MacChoro II, released in 1988, was the first program to incorporate interaction in animated mapping.

## Development

MacChoro began to be developed in the Fall of 1985 on an Apple Macintosh 512K (Fat Mac) computer with a single 400K floppy drive. The programming language was Fortran, and the code was based on a choropleth mapping program that was developed on a Digital Equipment VAX computer. It had to be re-written to incorporate the mouse, pull-down menus, and dialogs.

## Data Classification

The program stressed data classification, and implemented six methods including unclassed, equal interval, quantile, natural breaks, standard deviation and user-defined. The unclassed method was limited to 16 shadings. Each of the remaining methods could be made with between 2 and 16 categories. Maps could be re-classified and displayed in a matter of seconds. The program was especially useful for comparing different methods of data classification.

## Animation

An interactive animation feature was added in 1988. A second version of the program, MacChoro II, placed a series of maps into memory showing different methods of data classification, different number of classes, or different variables. Once finished, the animated series of maps could be displayed at up to 60 frames per second. A dialog controlled the speed of display and provided access to the individual frames.