OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thitkaungdi

Thitkaungdi is a village in Mingin Township, Kale District, in the Sagaing Region of western Burma.
# Cotton competitiveness provisions

The cotton competitiveness provisions are provisions added by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 to the cotton program designed to keep U.S. cotton prices competitive in domestic and export markets. Sometimes referred to as the “three-step competitiveness” provisions.
* Step 1 is the discretionary authority for USDA to reduce the adjusted world price (used in the cotton marketing assistance loan program) when world prices are declining to near the adjusted world price, but U.S. prices are higher than world prices. Though rarely used, the Step 1 adjustment is intended to make marketing loans more effective in keeping U.S. cotton globally competitive.
* Step 2 payments, sometimes referred to as the “user marketing certificate program,” are made to U.S. cotton users and exporters when U.S. prices are higher than world prices. Step 2 payments are intended to bridge price gap and keep U.S. cotton competitive.
* Step 3 mandates the opening of a “special import quota” when the differential between the higher U.S. price for cotton and the lower price for foreign cotton extends for a specified length of time. Its purpose is to allow imports to enter, acting to lower U.S. prices to bring them more in line with world prices. A step 3 quota cannot be established if a limited global quota for upland cotton is in effect, which operates differently and is triggered when other price conditions are met.
# Beijing People's Police College

Beijing People's Police College (BJPC) is a public university in Beijing, China.
The BJPC is a consolidated police training center, and the campus of the Capital Police for the greater Beijing area. The current location became a campus in September 2003. It is located in the Changping District of northwest Beijing, close to the Ming Tombs and the Badaling Great Wall.
The campus, covering an approximately two kilometer area, has a "large crime scene simulation area, including simulated residential neighborhoods, stores, and banks". Additionally, the campus has DNA laboratories, lecture areas, and training facilities. It is the largest police college and training center in Asia.
To join the BJPC, recruits have to pass the national college entrance examination and pass the physical check and fitness test. The recruits need to be Beijing residents. Every year among thousands of the applicants, only around 600 are recruited. Male applicants are favored. For instance, a class of 40 students has only 6 women.
It is also the BPSB's training center. It provides some short courses for special training.

## History

A Public Security Bureau Public School was first established in 1949. In 1966, it was closed along with many other educational institutions during the Cultural Revolution. In 1981, the school was reopened as the Beijing People's Police School (BPPS). Three years later, in 1984, the institution started to offer bachelor's degrees, and then became the Beijing People's Police College (BJPC).
Since 1984, and as of 2003, the institution has graduated approximately 40,000 people in police training programs, and 83,000 people with law enforcement degrees. In 2003, 7,411 people were registered as undergraduates, including 1,200 training for police certification, 794 receiving continuing police education, and 5,417 government employees were registered in certification programs (1,799) or bachelor's degree programs (3,618) in law enforcement.
As of 2023, the BJPC has held training programs for police officers from at least 20 other countries.$^{:241}$
# Briffaud GB-6

The Briffaud GB-6 (also known as the GB-60) was a tailless aircraft developed by Georges Briffaud of France.

## Design and development

The GB-6 was a two-seat high wing monoplane with tricycle undercarriage, built mainly of wood with fabric and plywood skinning. The enclosed cockpit sat under the straight, rectangular wing which was given a slight dihedral. Each wing tip ended in a shallow end-plate fairing. The tail had a conventional fin with rudder, but no horizontal stabilizer. The wing was built using an original aerofoil section similar to the NACA 23012, the trailing edge of which is reflexed upwards with reverse camber to prevent movement of the centre of pressure with angle of attack and in this way to obtain longitudinal stability. Control was achieved using the rudder and full-span elevons.
Power was provided by a 40 hp (30 kW) Lutetia 4.C.02 2-stroke air-cooled V-4 engine.

## Operational history

The GB-6 made a single flight at the hands of Lucien Querey, director of the Société Aeronautique Normande where it had been built. On landing, the undercarriage collapsed on uneven ground, seriously damaging the aircraft.
The wing was recovered and used for the construction of a motor-glider, the Briffaud GB-80 Aérovoilier (or GB-80) F-CRAJ, which made its first flight on 21 September 1960 as a glider, due to the lack of a starter for the intended 18 hp (13 kW) Kroeber M4 engine.
# DBpm Records

dBpm Records is an American record label based in Chicago, Illinois, and founded in 2011 by Grammy Award winning, alternative rock band Wilco. The label has released all of Wilco's albums since The Whole Love in 2011. It was aided by ADA for distribution, until the label had a new distribution agreement with Sony Music Entertainment in 2023; Cousin was the first release under the new distribution agreement. The label has also released Don't Lose This by Pop Staples; Sukierae, an album created by Jeff Tweedy and his son Spencer Tweedy; a set of solo albums by Jeff Tweedy called WARM + WARMER; and most recently, the final live album by the late Daniel Johnston, Chicago 2017.

## Studio albums

| Album | Artist | Release Date |
| The Whole Love | Wilco | September 27, 2011 |
| Sukierae | Tweedy | September 23, 2014 |
| Don't Lose This | Pops Staples | February 13, 2015 |
| Star Wars | Wilco | July 16, 2015 |
| Schmilco | Wilco | September 9, 2016 |
| Together At Last | Jeff Tweedy | June 23, 2017 |
| WARM | Jeff Tweedy | November 30, 2018 |
| WARMER | Jeff Tweedy | April 13, 2019 |
| Ode to Joy | Wilco | October 4, 2019 |
| Chicago 2017 | Daniel Johnston | January 15, 2020 |
| Love is the King | Jeff Tweedy | October 29, 2020 |
| Cruel Country | Wilco | May 27, 2022 |
| Cousin | Wilco | September 29, 2023 |
# KUMS

KUMS may refer to:
* KUMS (FM), a radio station (89.7 FM) licensed to serve White Sulphur Springs, Montana, United States
* Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, formerly known as Kathmandu University Medical School
# Smart tag

Smart tag may refer to:
* SMART tag™, a student transportation system
* Smart Tag, a Virginia toll collection system
* SmartTAG, a Malaysian toll collection system
* Smart tag (Microsoft), a search feature in Microsoft software
* Smart label, a type of radio-frequency identification (RFID) transponder
* Smart Tag, a component of the Wheels of Zeus GPS-tracking system
* Samsung Galaxy SmartTag, a key finder
# Broken Windows, Empty Hallways

Broken Windows, Empty Hallways is the tenth album led by saxophonist Houston Person which was recorded in 1972 and released on the Prestige label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Ronnie D. Lankford, Jr. of Allmusic stated, "Broken Windows, Empty Hallways is finally an album for people who like jazzy sounding instrumentals, but don't really like jazz".

## Track listing

All compositions by Houston Person except where noted.
* "I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 5:53
* "Don't Mess with Bill" (Smokey Robinson) – 3:00
* "Everything's Alright" (Tim Rice, Andrew Lloyd Webber) – 4:18
* "Mr. Bojangles" (Jerry Jeff Walker) – 3:52
* "Moan Er-uh Lisa" – 6:11
* "Imagine" (John Lennon) – 3:52
* "Let's Call This" (Thelonious Monk) – 4:03
* "Bleeker Street" – 4:03

## Personnel

* Houston Person – tenor saxophone
* Victor Paz, Joe Wilder – trumpet
* Jim Buffington – French horn
* Hubert Laws – flute
* Ronnie Jannelli – flute, clarinet, baritone saxophone
* Buzz Brauner – tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone, English horn, oboe, piccolo flute, flute, clarinet
* Cedar Walton – piano
* Joe Beck – guitar
* Ernie Hayes (tracks 1–7), Jimmy Watson (track 8) – organ
* Grady Tate – drums
* Buddy Caldwell – congas [1, 3]
* Bunny Briggs – tap dance (track 4)
* Billy Ver Planck – arranger, conductor
# Broken Windshield View

"Broken Windshield View" is a song recorded by American country music singer Chris Lane. It was released in June 2014 as his debut single.

## Critical reception

Markos Papadatos of Digital Journal gave the song four stars out of five, saying that it is "reminiscent of Florida Georgia Line meets Dierks Bentley". He wrote that "it has a great deal of energy, and it is fun and radio-friendly, with a rock vibe to it." Taste of Country wrote that Lane "shows vocal range" on the song and called his style "less aggressive than that of [Florida Georgia Line]."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Robert Hales and premiered in September 2014.

## Charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 45 |
| US Country Airplay (Billboard) | 56 |
# Kacher

Kacher is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Artyom Kacher (born 1988), Russian singer
* Delton Kacher (born 1938), American guitarist and inventor
* Fred Kacher (born 1968), American navy admiral
* Mastanabal Kacher (born 1995), Algerian footballer
# So Lo Pun

So Lo Pun (Chinese: 鎖羅盆) is a village in the northeastern New Territories of Hong Kong, within the Plover Cove Country Park. It is located northwest of Lai Chi Wo and northeast of Kuk Po. Today, the village is derelict and is uninhabited. Descendants of the former inhabitants have either emigrated abroad or have relocated to more urbanized parts of Hong Kong.
According to urban legend, the village is haunted. Hikers have also reported that compasses tend to stop working when they enter the village area, leading to the village being dubbed 'So Lo Pun', which in Chinese literally means that 'the compass is locked'.

## Recognised status

So Lo Pun is a recognised village under the New Territories Small House Policy.

## History

The village was once the home of generations of the Wong family. Recorded history suggests that after migrating movement in a south easterly direction (supposedly from, what is now, Mainland China), the person named Wong Wai Hing was an early settler and founding forefather of So Lo Pun village. Other early settlers are Tsu Kim Gong, Sing Lueng Gong, Yuk Chung Gong and Si Yuen Gong. (Gong meaning forefather in the Hakka Language). These people lived circa 872 AD.
The closest researched descendants of the So Lo Pun village are as follows: Si Chow Gong, Tsip Yuen Gong, Chun Kee Gong, Yuk Man Gong, Si Tak Gong and Yuk Choi Gong (all deceased).
So Lo Pun is one of the seven Hakka villages of the Hing Chun Yeuk (慶春約; 'Hing Chun Alliance'), which comprises Kop Tong, Lai Chi Wo, Mui Tsz Lam, Ngau Shi Wu, Sam A Village, Siu Tan (小灘), and So Lo Pun.
# KTOB

KTOB may refer to:
* Dodge Center Airport (ICAO code KTOB)
* KZNB, a radio station (1490 AM) licensed to serve Petaluma, California, United States, which held the call sign KTOB from 1961 to 2014
# Sobe

Sobe may refer to:

## People

* Sobe (sister of Saint Anne)
* Sobe Charles Umeh

## Other

* SoBe, American brand of teas
* SoBe Entertainment
* South Beach, a neighborhood of Miami Beach, Florida
# Social Development Canada

The Department of Social Development, also referred to as Social Development Canada, was from Dec. 2003 to Feb. 2006 the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for developing and implementing social policies involving families with children, disabled people, senior citizens and others through a series of programmes and services. The department was also responsible for the Canada Pension Plan.

## Overview

The Department of Social Development was created in December, 1997 when Human Resources Development Canada was reorganized into two separate departments. In January 1999, Bill C-23, an Act to establish the Department of Human Resources and Skills Development and Bill C-22, an Act to establish the Department of Social Development and repeal the Department of Human Resources Development was given Royal Assent in Canadian Parliament.
On February 6, 2006, through a series of Orders in Councils, the department was merged with Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. The combined department was initially referred to as Human Resources and Social Development Canada, but in late 2008 reverted to its previous name. While the new department has not yet been sanctioned by specific legislation, its predecessor components have in fact ceased to exist.
# Social Development Academy, Nanjing Normal University

The Social Development Academy in Nanjing Normal University is an institute of the Nanjing Normal University on social development.

## History

Social Development Academy in Nanjing Normal University's predecessor dates back to the history and geography eclectic subject of Liangjiang Normal School in 1907. When the Nanjing Advanced Normal University was founded in 1914, the Chinese history and geography section was established at the same time. Then going through various changes, the academy established the history learning major in 1982 and social work major in 1997. After that came the archaeology major in 2000. In 2001 the academy was named the Social Development Academy in Nanjing Normal University.

## Major Structure

The main departments (undergraduates) are as follows:
* The major of history (teaching and non-teaching profession)
* The major of social and social work
* The major of historical relics and museum (archaeology).
The academy has the authority to award the Doctorate in Specific History and the Master's Degree in the 11 departments as follows: specific history, Chinese ancient history, Chinese modern and contemporary history, historical documents, history and geography, global history, history curriculum and teaching theory, historical relics and museum, sociology, social security, folklore.

## Organization Structure

* Executive office director of the department
* Executive secretary of the department
* Party Committee Secretary and personnel secretary
* Undergraduate counselor: there are 3 positions including Youth League Committee secretary, Undergraduate director and Class adviser.
* Lab management.
* Student personnel administration: There are 2 positions including Educational administration secretary and Academic dean.
* Graduate student instructor and secretary of scientific research.
* Graduate student administration.
* Book and data management.
* Continuing education management.

## Staff

There are about 62 staff, including 43 teachers, amongst which are 43 professors, 20 associate professors, 4 lecturers and 1 teaching assistant. Other staff members are in charge of students' daily lives and management.

## Development

In recent years, the social development academy has achieved great development. In the teaching area, four teachers have been in the "top ten outstanding young teachers" and received the "teaching award"; In scientific research, the academy has won 7 subjects of national rank, and over 30 of province or ministry rank, with publishing more than 60 works, and more than 300 papers in core journals. All kinds of researches has been funded more than 5 million yuan.
The department of historical relics and museum is the first to obtain the qualification certificate of leading a team to do archaeological excavation among the Normal Universities in China.
# Software taggant

A software taggant is a cryptographic signature added to software that enables positive origin identification and integrity of programs. Software taggants use standard public key infrastructure (PKI) techniques and were introduced by the Industry Connections Security Group of IEEE in an attempt to control proliferation of malware obfuscated via executable compression (runtime packers).
The concept of a PKI-based system to mitigate runtime packer abuse was introduced in 2010 and described in a Black Hat Briefings presentation by Mark Kennedy and Igor Muttik. The term was proposed by Arun Lakhotia (due to its similarities with chemical taggants) who also analyzed the economics of a packer ecosystem.
A software taggant is a form of code signing somewhat similar to Microsoft's Authenticode. The key differences between a software taggant and Authenticode are that the transparent and free addition of a software taggant for the end user of a runtime packer. Also, a software taggant may cover small critical areas of the program to minimize the cost of software integrity checking. To contrast, Authenticode always covers nearly the entire file so the cost of checking linearly depends on the file size.
The software taggant project is run by Industry Connections Security Group and has open-source nature - it is hosted on GitHub and relies on OpenSSL. Software taggants also help to legitimate software from malware which also utilize anti-tampering methods.
# Software technical review

A software technical review is a form of peer review in which "a team of qualified personnel ... examines the suitability of the software product for its intended use and identifies discrepancies from specifications and standards. Technical reviews may also provide recommendations of alternatives and examination of various alternatives" (IEEE Std. 1028-1997, IEEE Standard for Software Reviews, clause 3.7).
"Software product" normally refers to some kind of technical document. This might be a software design document or program source code, but use cases, business process definitions, test case specifications, and a variety of other technical documentation, may also be subject to technical review.
Technical review differs from software walkthroughs in its specific focus on the technical quality of the product reviewed. It differs from software inspection in its ability to suggest direct alterations to the product reviewed, and its lack of a direct focus on training and process improvement.
The term formal technical review is sometimes used to mean a software inspection. A 'Technical Review' may also refer to an acquisition lifecycle event or Design review.

## Objectives and participants

The purpose of a technical review is to arrive at a technically superior version of the work product reviewed, whether by correction of defects or by recommendation or introduction of alternative approaches. While the latter aspect may offer facilities that software inspection lacks, there may be a penalty in time lost to technical discussions or disputes which may be beyond the capacity of some participants.
IEEE 1028 recommends the inclusion of participants to fill the following roles:
The Decision Maker (the person for whom the technical review is conducted) determines if the review objectives have been met.
The Review Leader is responsible for performing administrative tasks relative to the review, ensuring orderly conduct, and ensuring that the review meets its objectives.
The Recorder documents anomalies, action items, decisions, and recommendations made by the review team.
Technical staff are active participants in the review and evaluation of the software product.
Management staff may participate for the purpose of identifying issues that require management resolution.
Customer or user representatives may fill roles determined by the Review Leader prior to the review.
A single participant may fill more than one role, as appropriate.

## Process

A formal technical review will follow a series of activities similar to that specified in clause 5 of IEEE 1028, essentially summarised in the article on software review.
# Smithsonian Environmental Research Center

The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) is a United States 2,650-acre (10.7 km$^2$) environmental research and educational facility operated by the Smithsonian Institution. It is located on the Rhode and West Rivers near Edgewater in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, near the western shore of Chesapeake Bay. The center's focus of study is the ecosystems of coastal zones, particularly in the Chesapeake Bay estuary and nearby wetlands.

## History

In 1964, Robert Lee Forrest of Baltimore left a 365-acre dairy farm on the Rhode River to the Smithsonian Institution. The next year, the Chesapeake Center for Field Biology was established on the site of this former dairy farm. A $375,000 grant from the Ford Foundation was awarded and another $550,000 in other grants followed by the end of 1969. These funds were used to purchase another 568 additional acres adjoining the original parcel.
In 1970, the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology was renamed to the Chesapeake Bay Center for Environmental Studies (CBCES) and land acquisition continued. In 1974, Jim Lynch was hired as the first on-site staff scientist. Lynch had recently finished his Ph.D. from University of California, Berkeley in Zoology.

## Site

The 2,600-acre site occupied by SERC contains coastal plain forests, land used for agriculture, wetlands and marshes, and brackish environments.

## Research

SERC conducts research on topics that include terrestrial, atmospheric, and estuarine environmental research within the disciplines of botany, ecology, environmental education, biology, chemistry, mathematics, microbiology, physics, and zoology. The center trains interns and graduate students, including pre-doctoral and doctoral students. Annually, the center receives over 10,000 students, teachers, and families who come to visit. It gives advice, consultation, and testimony to local, state, federal, and international governmental agencies, natural resource managers, policy makers, and conservation organizations.
The facility serves as a center of research and education on human impacts in land-sea interactions of the coastal zone. The center receives $20,000,000 in extramural grants and contracts funded from governmental agencies, foundations, and industry.
SERC developed and maintains an extensive database of invasive species in marine and estuarine ecosystems. The database tracks details on over 500 invasive species throughout coastal North America. SERC coordinates with the United States Geological Survey, which has developed a similar database for freshwater invasions, and has worked with marine centers in other nations to study marine invasions.

## Technical innovation

The center has been an innovator of biotelemetry to track behavior, habitat use, and movement of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus), a marine predator and a valuable crustacean fishery in North America. They are the patent holder for the Spectral Radiometer, the national standard for monitoring solar radiation. The center has developed a model for testing estuarine water quality and watershed nutrient discharges.
# Smithsonian Channel (British and Irish TV channel)

Smithsonian Channel was a British free-to-air television channel that was launched as the UK version of the US documentary network Smithsonian Channel. It launched on 12 February 2019 and closed down on 6 January 2023.
The content of the channel, much of which is drawn from the US station, comprised predominantly original non-fiction programming covering a range of historical, scientific and cultural subjects.

## Carriage

Test transmissions for the new services began with the addition of HD and subsequently SD broadcast capacity on the Astra 2G satellite in late 2018.
The channel was officially made available on 12 February 2019. Ahead of the launch, it had been suggested that the network would begin on satellite, then launch on Freeview in the spring, though it launched on all four platforms, along with Freesat.

## Closure

On December 15, 2022, it was announced that the channel would be closing on January 6, 2023 after nearly four years on air. Its programming shifted online to other Paramount Global presences, including Paramount+, My5 and Pluto TV.