# List of private spaceflight companies

Private spaceflight companies include non-governmental or privately-owned entities focused on developing and/or offering equipment and services geared towards spaceflight, both robotic and human. This list includes both inactive and active entities.
* List of abbreviations used in this article
* LEO: Low Earth orbit GTO: Geostationary transfer orbit HCO: Heliocentric orbit VTOL: Vertical take-off and landing SSTO: Single-stage-to-orbit TSTO: Two-stage-to-orbit SSTSO: Single-stage-to-sub-orbit

## Commercial astronauts

* Association of Spaceflight Professionals — Astronaut training, applied research and development, payload testing and integration, mission planning and operations support (Christopher Altman, Soyeon Yi)

## Manufacturers of space vehicles
### Cargo transport vehicles

| Company name | Spacecraft | Launch system | Length (m) | Dry mass (kg) | Launch mass (kg) | Payload (kg) | Payload volume (m$^3$) | Return payload (kg) | Diameter (m) | Generated power (W) | Automated docking | Status |
| SpaceX | Dragon | Falcon 9 Block 5 | 6.1 | 4,200 | 10,200 | 6,000 pressurized or unpressurized, in any mixture | 10.0 (pressurized), plus 14 (unpressurized), or 34 (unpressurized with extended trunk) | 3,000 capsule return | 3.7 | 2,000 | No | Retired (21/22) |
| SpaceX | Dragon 2 | Falcon 9 Block 5 | 8.1 | 6,400 | | 6,000 | 10.0 (pressurized), plus 14 (unpressurized) | 3,000 | 3.7 | | Yes | Operational (10/10) |
| Orbital | Cygnus (standard) | Antares 110 | 5.14 | 1,500 | | 2,000 | 18.9 | None | 3.07 | 3,500 | No | Retired (3/4) |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Cygnus (enhanced) | Antares 230 Atlas V 401 Falcon 9 Block 5 | 6.34 | 1,800 | | 3,500 | 27 | None | 3.07 | | No | Operational (16/16) |
| Sierra Space | Dream Chaser Cargo System | Atlas V Vulcan | 16.8 | | | 5,000 pressurized, 500 unpressurized | | 1,750 | | | Yes | Development Planned: 2025 |

### Crew transport vehicles
#### Orbital

| Company name | Spacecraft | Range | Launch system | Crew size | Length (m) | Diameter (m) | Launch mass (kg) | Power system | First spaceflight* | Status |
| Blue Origin | Biconic Space Vehicle | LEO | New Glenn | | | | | | Planned date not known | Development |
| Boeing | CST-100 Starliner | LEO | Multiple, initially Atlas V | 7 | 5.03 | 4.56 | 13,000 | Solar panels | Crewed: 5 June 2024 (Uncrewed: 20 December 2019) | Operational |
| Sierra Space | Dream Chaser Space System | LEO | Multiple, initially Vulcan Centaur | 7 | 9 | | 11,300 | | 2026 | Development |
| SpaceX | Dragon 2 | LEO | Falcon 9 Block 5 | 7 | 8.1 | 3.7 | up to 6,000 | Solar | Crewed: May 30, 2020 (Uncrewed: 2 March 2019) | Operational (13/13) |
| SpaceX | Starship | Mars | Super Heavy | <=100 | 50 | 9 | 1,335,000 | Solar panels | Planned: First Crewed date not known (First Uncrewed: 20 April 2023) | Testing (1/3) |
    * - Format: Crewed (Uncrewed), includes failures
* ↑ Number of seats will be 4 for crew member rotations for the ISS
* ↑ Although designed to be capable of flying to anywhere in the solar system, this vehicle's intended maximum range is Mars
* ↑ Plus fins/legs

#### Suborbital

| Company name | Spacecraft | Range | Launch system | Crew size | Length (m) | Diameter (m) | Launch mass (kg) | First spaceflight* | Status |
| Scaled Composites | SpaceShipOne | 100 km (62 mi) | White Knight | 1 | 8.53 | 8.05 | 3,600 | 21 June 2004 | Retired (3/3) |
| Blue Origin | New Shepard Crew Capsule | 114 km (71 mi) (capsule, using the launch escape system motor) | New Shepard | 6 | | 3.6 | | Crewed: July 20, 2021 (Uncrewed: April 29, 2015) | Operational (23/24) |
| The Spaceship Company | SpaceShipTwo | 110 km (68 mi) | White Knight Two | 8 (2 Pilots, 6 Passengers) | 18.3 | 8.3 | 9,740 | 13 December 2018 | Testing (10/11) |
| Copenhagen Suborbitals | Tycho Deep Space | 105 km (65 mi) | Spica | 1 | 13 | 0.955 | 4,000 | Planned date not known | Development |
| PD AeroSpace | (Unknown) | 110 km (68 mi) | (Unknown) | 8 (6 passengers, 2 pilots) | 14.8 | | >6,000 | Planned date not known | Development |
| World View | Explorer Capsule | 30 km (19 mi) | Stratospheric Balloon | 10 (8 passengers, 1 pilot, 1 concierge) | | 5.5 | 4,500 | Planned 2024 | Development |
    * - Format: Crewed (Uncrewed), includes failures
* ↑ Does not include crewed atmospheric flights
* ↑ Does not include powered flights not intended to reach space
* ↑ Denmark's amateur human space program.

### Launch vehicle manufacturers

| Company name | Launcher name | Launcher type | No. of stages | Maximum reach | Launcher status | Maiden flight |
| ABL Space Systems | RS1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Retired (0/1) | 10 January 2023 |
| Agnikul Cosmos | Agnibaan | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| ARCA Space | Haas 2b | Suborbital crewed rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Cancelled | — |
| ARCA Space | Haas 2CA | Light rocket | 1 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| ARCA Space | Super Haas | Medium rocket | 2 | LEO | Proposed | Unknown |
| ARCA Space | EcoRocket Demonstrator | Reusable light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | 2022 (planned) |
| ARCA Space | EcoRocket Heavy | Heavy rocket | 3 | Deep space | Proposed | Unknown |
| Australian Space Research Institute | AUSROC Nano | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Astra Space | Astra Rocket 1 | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Retired (0/1) | 2018 |
| Astra Space | Astra Rocket 2 | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Retired (0/1) | 2018 |
| Astra Space | Astra Rocket 3 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Retired (2/5) | 2020 |
| Astra Space | Astra Rocket 4 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| Astra Space | SALVO | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Bellatrix Aerospace | Chetak | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| Blue Origin | New Shepard | Reusable suborbital rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (22/23) | 2015 |
| Blue Origin | New Glenn | Reusable heavy rocket | 2 or 3 | GTO | Operational (1/1) | 2025 |
| Blue Origin | New Armstrong | Reusable super-heavy rocket | 3 | HCO | Proposed | ~2030 (proposed) |
| BluShift Aerospace | Stardust | Reusable sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | 2020 |
| BluShift Aerospace | Starless Rogue | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| BluShift Aerospace | Brown Dwarf | Sounding rocket | 2 or 3 | Suborbital | Cancelled | — |
| BluShift Aerospace | Red Dwarf | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | Q2 2024 (planned) |
| Borneo SubOrbitals | TBA | Sounding rocket | 2 or 3 | Suborbital | Development | 2022 (planned) |
| Canadian Arrow | Canadian Arrow | Suborbital crewed rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Cancelled | — |
| CubeCab | Cab-3A | Light rocket | 3 + airplane | LEO | Proposed | Unknown |
| Datiotec Aeroespacial / INMEU A.C. | JFCR.2000-Pollux | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| Dawn Aerospace | Mk-II Aurora | Light Rocket | | Suborbital | Test flights (3/3) | 2023 |
| Evolution Space | Gold Chain Cowboy | Sounding Rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | 2023 |
| Exos Aerospace | SARGE | Reusable sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (3/4) | 2018 |
| Equatorial Space Systems | Volans | Light Rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Equatorial Space Systems | Dorado | Sounding Rocket | 1 or 2 | Suborbital | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| Equatorial Space Systems | LAD | Sounding Rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Retired (1/1) | 2020 |
| Firefly Aerospace | Firefly Alpha | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Operational (4/5) | 2021 |
| Firefly Aerospace | Firefly MLV | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2026 (planned) |
| Galactic Energy | Ceres-1 | Light Rocket | 4 | LEO | Operational (13/14) | 2020 |
| General Astronautics | Urania | Medium rocket | 3 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Gilmour Space Technologies | RASTA | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Retired (1/1) | 2016 |
| Gilmour Space Technologies | Eris | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | April 2023 (Planned) |
| Generation Orbit | X-60A (GOLauncher 1) | Air-launched sounding rocket | 1 + airplane | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| Generation Orbit | GOLauncher 2 | Air-launch-to-orbit | 2 + airplane | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Independence-X Aerospace | DNLV (Dedicated Nano Launch Vehicle) | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| Interorbital Systems | NEPTUNE N series | Light rocket | 3–4 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Interorbital Systems | NEPTUNE N36 | Light rocket | 4 | TLI | Proposed | Unknown |
| Interorbital Systems | Neptune TSAAHTO | Medium rocket | 2½ | TLI | Proposed | Unknown |
| Interstellar Technologies | Momo | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (3/7) | 2017 |
| Isar Aerospace | Spectrum | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | H2 2023 (planned) |
| Launcher | Light | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Leaf Space | Primo | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Proposed | Unknown |
| Lin Industrial | Taymyr | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Lockheed Martin | VentureStar | Reusable spaceplane | 1 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Lockheed Martin | Athena | Medium rocket | 2 or 3 | TLI | Retired (5/7) | 1995 |
| Mishaal Aerospace | M-SV | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| Mishaal Aerospace | M-OV | Light rocket | 1 + 6 Boosters | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Mishaal Aerospace | M-LV | Light rocket | 1 + 8 boosters | TLI | Development | Unknown |
| OneSpace | OS-X | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Operational (2/2) | 2018 |
| OneSpace | OS-M1 | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Operational (0/1) | 2019 |
| OneSpace | OS-M2 | Light rocket | 3 + 2 boosters | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| OneSpace | OS-M4 | Light rocket | 3 + 4 boosters | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Orbex | Prime | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| OrbitX | Haribon SLS-1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023–2024 (planned) |
| Outerstellar Space | Crocoship | Medium rocket | 1 | LEO | Development | 2040 (planned) |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Antares | Medium rocket | 3 | LEO | Operational (17/18) | 2013 |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Minotaur-C, formerly Taurus | Light rocket | 4 | LEO | Operational (7/10) | 1994 |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Pegasus | Air-launch-to-orbit | 3-4 + airplane | HEO | Operational (40/45) | 1990 |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Omega | Medium rocket | 3 + 0-6 boosters | GEO | Cancelled | (Was planned for 2021) |
| Orbital Transport & Raketen AG | OTRAG | Medium rocket | variable | LEO (designed) Suborbital (achieved) | Retired (15/18) | 1977 |
| Perigee Aerospace | Blue Whale 1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| PLD Space | Miura 1 | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | 6 October 2023 |
| PLD Space | Miura 5 | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | 2024 (planned) |
| Relativity Space | Terran 1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Retired (0/1) | 23 March 2023 |
| Relativity Space | Terran R | Reusable heavy rocket | 2 | Deep space | Development | 2024 (planned) |
| Rocket Crafters | Intrepid-1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Rocket Lab | Ātea-1 | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Retired (1/1) | 2009 |
| Rocket Lab | Ātea-2 | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Cancelled | — |
| Rocket Lab | Electron | Reusable light rocket | 2 | TLI | Operational (34/37) | 2017 |
| Rocket Lab | Neutron | Reusable medium rocket | 2 | GTO | Development | 2024 (planned) |
| RocketStar | Star-Lord | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Rocket Factory Augsburg | RFA One | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| Skyroot Aerospace | Vikram S | Sounding rocket | 3 | LEO | Operational | 2022 November 18 |
| Skyroot Aerospace | Vikram-II | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Skyroot Aerospace | Vikram-III | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Skyrora | Skyrora 1 | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| Skyrora | Skylark Micro | Sounding rocket | 2 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | 2021 |
| Skyrora | Skylark L | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | 2022 (planned) |
| Skyrora | Skyrora XL | Light rocket | 3 | LEO | Development | 2023 (planned) |
| SpaceForest | Bigos | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (5/5) | 2015 |
| SpaceForest | Candle-2 | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | 2016 |
| SpaceForest | Perun | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | 2020 |
| SpaceForest | SIR (Suborbital Inexpensive Rocket) | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Development | 2022 (planned) |
| Space Services Inc. | Percheron | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Cancelled | — |
| Space Services Inc. | Conestoga 1620 | Medium rocket | 4 | LEO (designed) Suborbital (achieved) | Retired (0/1) | 1995 |
| SpaceLS | Prometheus-1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Space Pioneer | Tiansuo-1 | Vertical landing test stage | 1 | Suborbital | Development | Unknown |
| Space Pioneer | Tianlong-1 | Light rocket | | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| SpaceX | Falcon 1 | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Retired (2/5) | 2006 |
| SpaceX | Falcon 1e | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| SpaceX | Falcon 5 | Medium rocket | 2 | GTO | Cancelled | — |
| SpaceX | Falcon 9 v1.0 | Medium rocket | 2 | GTO (designed) LEO (achieved) | Retired (5/5) | 2010 |
| SpaceX | Falcon 9 v1.1 | Medium rocket | 2 | HCO | Retired (14/15) | 2013 |
| SpaceX | Falcon 9 Full Thrust Block 1-4 | Reusable medium rocket / Heavy rocket (expendable) | 2 | TMI | Retired (36/36) | 2015 |
| SpaceX | Falcon 9 Block 5 | Reusable medium rocket / Heavy rocket (expendable) | 2 | TMI | Operational (395/396) | 2018 |
| SpaceX | Falcon Heavy | Reusable heavy rocket / Super-heavy rocket (expendable) | 2 + 2 boosters | Deep space (Pluto) | Operational (11/11) | 2018 |
| SpaceX | Starship Super-Heavy | Reusable super-heavy rocket | 2 | Deep space | Testing (2/4) | 2023 |
| Stoke Space | Nova | Reusable light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | Unknown |
| Success Rockets | Nebo 1 | Ultralight rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (1/1) | December 2021 |
| Success Rockets | Stalker | Ultralight rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2024 |
| United Launch Alliance | Atlas V | Medium rocket | 2 + 0-5 boosters | TMI | Operational (98/99) | 2002 |
| United Launch Alliance | Delta II 6000 | Medium rocket | 2-3 + 9 boosters | GTO | Retired (17/17) | 1989 |
| United Launch Alliance | Delta II 7000 | Light rocket | 2-3 + 3, 4 or 9 boosters | GTO | Retired (130/132) | 1990 |
| United Launch Alliance | Delta II 7000H | Medium rocket | 2-3 + 9 boosters | TMI | Retired (6/6) | 2003 |
| United Launch Alliance | Delta IV | Medium rocket | 2 + 0, 2 or 4 boosters | GTO | Retired (29/29) | 2003 |
| United Launch Alliance | Delta IV Heavy | Heavy rocket | 2 + 2 boosters | GTO | Retired (14/15) | 2004 |
| United Launch Alliance | Vulcan | Heavy rocket | 2 + 0-6 boosters | GTO | Operational (1/1) | 2024 |
| UP Aerospace | Skyloft/Skyloft XL | Sounding rocket | 1 | Suborbital | Operational (18/19) | 2006 |
| UP Aerospace | Spyder | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 |
| Vector Launch | Vector-R | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Development | 2023 (2 prototype launches in 2017) |
| Vector Launch | Vector-RE1 | Light rocket | 2 or 3 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Vector Launch | Vector-H | Light rocket | 2 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Vector Launch | Vector-HE1 | Light rocket | 2 or 3 | LEO | Cancelled | — |
| Virgin Orbit | LauncherOne | Air-launch-to-orbit | 2 + airplane | LEO | Retired (4/6) | 2020 (First successful attempt Jan 2021) |
| X-Bow Systems | Bolt | Light rocket | 1 | LEO | Development | July 2022 |
| Zero2infinity | Bloostar | Rockoon system (high-altitude balloon and space launcher) | 3 + high-altitude balloon | LEO | Development | Unknown |

### Landers, rovers and orbiters

| Company name | Craft name | Craft type | Craft status |
| ARCASPACE | ELE (European Lunar Explorer) | lunar orbiter | Development |
| Astrobotic Technology | Red Rover | lunar rover | Development |
| Astrobotic Technology | Griffin (previously Artemis Lander) | lunar lander | Development |
| Astrobotic Technology | Peregrine Lander | lunar lander | Retired |
| Blue Origin | Blue Moon | lunar lander | Development |
| Blue Origin | Integrated Lander Vehicle | crewed lunar lander | Development |
| Dynetics | Dynetics HLS | lunar lander | Development |
| Euroluna | ROMIT | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Firefly Aerospace | Blue Ghost | lunar lander | Operational |
| Firefly Aerospace | Elytra | orbital vehicle | Development |
| Golden Spike Company (defunct) | unnamed | crewed lunar lander | Cancelled |
| Hakuto | Sorato | lunar rover | Development |
| Hakuto | Tetris | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Independence-X Aerospace | SQUALL (Scientific Quest Unmanned Autonomous Lunar Lander) | lunar lander | Cancelled |
| Interorbital Systems | RIPPER (Robotic InterPlanetary Prospector Excavator Retriever) | lunar lander | Development |
| Intuitive Machines | Nova-C lander, and Universal Reentry Vehicle (URV) | lunar lander; reusable orbital vehicle | Operational |
| Lunar Mission One | unnamed | lunar lander | Proposed (2014) |
| Lunar Outpost | MAPP rover | lunar rover | Testing |
| Masten Space Systems | XEUS | lunar lander | Negotiating |
| Masten Space Systems | XL-1 | lunar lander | Development |
| Moon Express | MX-1 | lunar lander | Testing |
| Odyssey Moon | MoonOne (M-1) | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Omega Envoy | Sagan | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| OrbitBeyond | Z-01 | lunar landers and rovers | Proposed (2018) |
| PTScientists | Audi Lunar quattro | lunar rover | Testing |
| PTScientists | ALINA (Autonomous Landing and Navigation Module) | lunar lander | Development |
| Puli Space Technologies | Puli | lunar rover | Fundraising |
| Roscosmos | Luna 25 | lunar lander | Crashed |
| SpaceX | Starship | crewed mars lander | Development |
| SpaceX | Starship HLS | crewed lunar lander | Development |
| Team FREDNET | Picorover | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Team Italia | AMALIA (Ascensio Machinae Ad Lunam Italica Arte) | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Team Indus | HHK-1 | lunar lander | Development |
| Team Indus | ECA | lunar rover | Development |
| TransOrbital | TrailBlazer | lunar orbiter | Cancelled |
| Team Plan B | Plan B | lunar rover | Cancelled |
| Spacebit | Asagumo | lunar rover | Testing |
| Space IL | Beresheet | lunar lander | Crashed upon landing |
| Space Explration Corp | Defiant | lunar lander | Cancelled |
| Synergy Moon | Tesla | lunar rover | Development |

### Research craft and tech demonstrators

| Company name | Craft name | Craft purpose | Craft status |
| ARCA | Demonstrator 2b | demonstrate reusable monopropellant engine | Retired |
| Armadillo Aerospace | Quad | demonstrate VTOL | Retired |
| ASRI | AUSROC I | systems Testing | Retired |
| ASRI | AUSROC II | payload to 10 km | Retired |
| ASRI | AUSROC 2.5 | systems Testing | Testing |
| ASRI | AUSROC III | payload of 150 kg to 500 km | Development |
| Blue Origin | Goddard | demonstrate VTOL | Retired |
| Deep Blue Aerospace | Nebula-1 | demonstrate VTOL | Development |
| Evolution Space | Gold Chain Cowboy | systems testing, payload to 124 km | Development |
| Interorbital Systems | Neutrino | systems Testing | Operational |
| Interorbital Systems | Tachyon | systems Testing | Operational |
| Lockheed Martin | X-33 | demonstrate SSTO | Cancelled |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1 | demonstrate VTOL | Retired |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1B | Lunar Lander Challenge Level 1 | Operational |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1E | Lunar Lander Challenge Level 2, commercial precursor flights | Retired (12 flights) |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1E2 | commercial flights | Destroyed (115 flights) |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1E4 | commercial flights | Retired (75 flights) |
| Masten Space Systems | XA-0.1E5 | commercial flights | Operational |
| Masten Space Systems | XL-1T | terrestrial test bed for the XL-1 lunar lander | Development |
| Masten Space Systems | Xeus | commercial flights | Cancelled |
| McDonnell Douglas | DC-X | demonstrate VTOL | Retired (11 test flights) |
| Origin Space | Yang Wang-1 | space mineral resources developer | Development |
| Rotary Rocket | Roton ATV | demonstrate VTOL | Retired (3 test flights) |
| Space Services Inc. | Conestoga I | systems Testing | Retired (1 test) |
| SpaceX | Grasshopper | demonstrate VTOL | Retired (8 tests) |
| SpaceX | F9R Dev1 | refine VTOL (low altitude) | Destroyed (5 flights) |
| SpaceX | F9R Dev2 | refine VTOL (high altitude) | Cancelled |
| SpaceX | Starhopper | demonstrate VTOL | Retired (4 test flights) |
| SpaceX | Starship prototypes | demonstrate VTOL | Retired (7 test flight) |
| Swedish Space Corp. | Maxus | payload to 700 km | Operational |
| Swedish Space Corp. | Maser | payload to 300 km | Operational |
| UP Aerospace | SpaceLoft XL | payload to 140 km | Operational |
| World View Enterprises | Stratollite | payload up to 30 km and 300 kg | Operational |
| zero2infinity | nanobloon 1.0 | payload to 32 km | Operational |
| zero2infinity | nanobloon 2.0 | payload to 33 km | Operational |
| zero2infinity | microbloon 1.0 | payload to 24 km | Operational |
| zero2infinity | microbloon 2.0 | payload to 31 km | Operational |
| zero2infinity | microbloon 3.0 | payload to 27 km | Operational |

## Propulsion manufacturers

| Company name | Engine | Engine type | Applications | Status |
| Accion Systems Inc. | MAX-1, TILE | electrospray ion | small satellite/CubeSat | Development |
| Ad Astra Rocket Company | VASIMR | plasma propulsion | space tug/orbital transfer vehicle | Development |
| ARCA | Executor | LOX/RP-1 | IAR 111, Haas 2, Haas 2b, Super Haas | Development |
| ArianeGroup | Vulcain | LH2/LOX | Ariane 5/Ariane 6 Main stage | Operational |
| Blue Origin | BE-3 | LH2/LOX | New Shepard | Operational |
| Blue Origin | BE-4 | LOX/CH $_4$ | Vulcan, New Glenn | Operational |
| CU Aerospace | PUC | microcavity discharge | small satellite/CubeSat | Development |
| CU Aerospace | CHIPS | resistojet | small satellite/CubeSat | Development |
| CU Aerospace | PPT-11 | pulsed plasma | small satellite/CubeSat | Development |
| Exo Terra Resource | Halo | Hall effect | small satellite/CubeSat | Development |
| Firefly Aerospace | Reaver | LOX/RP-1 | Firefly Alpha first stage | Operational |
| Firefly Aerospace | Miranda | LOX/RP-1 | Firefly MLV first stage | Development |
| Reaction Engines Ltd. | SABRE | hybrid air-breathing/chemical | Skylon | Development |
| Rocket Lab | Rutherford | LOX/RP-1 | Electron first stage | Operational |
| Rocket Lab | Rutherford Vacuum | LOX/RP-1 | Electron second stage | Operational |
| Rocket Lab | Archimedes | LOX/CH $_4$ | Neutron first stage | Development |
| Sierra Space | VR35K-A | LH2/LOX | Upper Stage | Development |
| SpaceDev | RocketMotorOne | hybrid | SpaceShipOne | Retired |
| SpaceX | Kestrel | LOX/RP-1 | Falcon 1 second stage | Retired |
| SpaceX | Merlin | LOX/RP-1 | Falcon 1, Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy first stage/boosters | Operational |
| SpaceX | Merlin Vacuum | LOX/RP-1 | Falcon 9 second stage, Falcon Heavy second stage | Operational |
| SpaceX | Raptor | LOX/CH $_4$ | SpaceX Mars transportation infrastructure, Starship, Starship HLS | Operational |
| Virgin Galactic | RocketMotorTwo | hybrid | SpaceShipTwo | Operational |
| Ursa Major Technologies | Hadley | Jet-A/LOX | Hypersonics, Boost Stage, Upper Stage | Development |

## Satellite launchers

| Company | Launch vehicles | Notes |
| Arianespace | Ariane, Vega | Minority owned by some EU states |
| Astra Space | Rocket 3, Rocket 4 | Rocket 3 retired in August 2022 |
| Firefly Aerospace | Firefly Alpha, Firefly MLV | |
| IHI Corporation | Epsilon | Some R&D by JAXA |
| Mitsubishi Heavy Industries | H-IIA | R&D done by JAXA. |
| Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems | Antares, Minotaur | Own launchers, funded by NASA |
| Rocket Lab | Neutron, Electron | |
| SpaceX | Falcon 9, Falcon Heavy | |
| Sea Launch | Zenit | Owned by S7 Airlines |
| United Launch Alliance | Atlas V, Vulcan Centaur | 50% owned by Lockheed Martin, 50% Boeing |
| Vaya Space | Dauntless | |

## Space-based economy
### Space manufacturing

| Company name | Products | Manufacturing craft | Status |
| Shackleton Energy Company | propellant, space infrastructure, propellant depot | Unknown | Defunct (2020) |
| Made In Space | 3D printing in ISS, in-space antenna systems, fiber optics | Unknown | Operational (2018) |
| Varda Space Industries | building products in space and bringing them back to earth (ex: ZBLAN, 3d printed organs) | Unknown | Operational (2021) |
| Deep Space Industries | propellant, communications platforms, space solar power satellites | MicroGravity Foundry | Defunct (2020) |
| Cosmic Shielding Corporation | Space Materials; Multifunctional polymers for spacecraft and habitat structural and shielding components | Unknown | Operational (2021) |

### Space mining

| Company name | Body to be mined | Mining craft | Mining status |
| AstroForge | Near-Earth asteroids | Brokrr-1, Odin (formerly Brokkr-2) | Development |
| Deep Space Industries | Near-Earth asteroids | Prospector-1, Harvestor 1 | Defunct (2019) |
| ispace | Moon | Hakuto-R | Development |
| Moon Express | Moon | MX-1, MX-2, MX-5, MX-9 | Development |
| Planetary Resources | Near-Earth asteroids | Arkyd Series 100, 200, 300 | Cancelled |
| Shackleton Energy Company | Moon | TBD | Defunct (2020) |

### Space stations

| Private Company name | Space Craft name | Space Craft type | Internal volume | Passenger capacity | Craft status | Orbit Around |
| Vast | Haven-1 | Rigid module | 45m$^3$ | 4 | Development | Earth |
| Axiom Space | Axiom Station | Rigid module | | 8 | Development | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Genesis I subscale test spacecraft | Inflatable module | 11.5 m$^3$ (406 cu ft) | Uncrewed | Derelict, on orbit | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Genesis II subscale test spacecraft | Inflatable module | 11.5 m$^3$ (406 cu ft) | Uncrewed | Derelict, on orbit | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Galaxy | Inflatable module | 16.7 m$^3$ (590 cu ft) | Uncrewed | Cancelled | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Sundancer | Inflatable module | 180 m$^3$ (6,357 cu ft) | 3 | Cancelled | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | BA 330 | Inflatable module | 330 m$^3$ (11,654 cu ft) | 6 | Cancelled | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | BA 2100 | Inflatable module | 2,100 m$^3$ (74,161 cu ft) | 16 | Cancelled | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Space Complex Alpha | Inflatable space station | 690 m$^3$ (24,367 cu ft) | 12 | Cancelled | Earth |
| Bigelow Aerospace | Excalibur Almaz | Almaz derivative | Rigid module | 3 | Cancelled | Earth |
| Galactic Suite Ltd. | Galactic Suite | Rigid module | | 6 | Proposed (2007) | Earth |
| Orion Span | Aurora Space Station | Rigid module | 160 m$^3$ (5,650 cu ft) | 6 (2 Crew, 4 Tourists) | Proposed (2018) | Earth |
| Sierra Space | Large Inflatable Fabric Environment | Inflatable module | 300 m$^3$ (10,594 cu ft) | 4 | Testing | Moon/Mars |
| Blue Origin | Orbital Reef | Rigid module | 830 m$^3$ (29,311 cu ft) | TBA | Development (2021) | Earth |

## Spacecraft component developers and manufacturers

| Company | Products | Refs |
| Altius Space Machines | Rendezvous and capture technology for uncooperative satellites; magnetoshell aerocapture and aerobraking technology for CubeSats; lightweight robotic manipulators | |
| Andrews Space | Reusable space vehicles; HTHL spacecraft; magnetorquers | |
| Alén Space | NanoSats and CubeSats | |
| Astranis | MicroGEO Satellites | |
| TESBL Aerospace Corporation | In-space services; Solar Array Drive Actuators (SADA); microgravity payload integration, as of 2019 | [266] [267] |
| Axelspace [ja] | CubeSats | |
| CesiumAstro | Active phased array communications payloads that include RF inter-satellite links as of 2017. | |
| Craig Technologies | Small satellite deployment services (up to 110 kg); microgravity payload integration | |
| EADS Astrium Satellites | Spacecraft and ground segment elements | |
| EADS Astrium Space Transportation | Launchers and orbital infrastructure | |
| Innovative Solutions In Space | CubeSat manufacture and operation, as of 2018 | |
| Made in Space | 3D printers for use in microgravityas of 2013 | |
| Mynaric | Laser communication for satellites and aircraft | |
| Portal Space Systems | Satellite buses with a solar thermal propulsion system | |
| RUAG Space | Antenna Pointing Mechanisms; Solar Array Drive Assembly (SADA); satellite components; launchers and structures as of 2009 | |
| SpaceDev | Small spacecraft; propulsion products and services; space components, mechanisms and structures | |
| SpaceQuest, Ltd. | Spacecraft and spacecraft components | |
| Xplore | Satellite payload transport and hosting in Earth orbit and Beyond Earth orbit (BEO) destinations, including flight to asteroids, Venus, and Mars. Active as of 2020 | |
| Cosmic Shielding Corporation | Radiation Shielding materials for spacecraft and spacesuits; Space Weather Forecasting and Mitigation | |
| ADDMAN Engineering | Metallurgy development and production of components including thrusters, injectors, cold plates, hot gas manifolds to space and hypersonic industry, especially refractory metals (Titatnium, Niobium) as of 2020 |

## Spaceliner companies

| Company name | Contracts for | Craft utilised | Status | Notes |
| Axiom Space | SpaceX | Crew Dragon | Active | SpaceX Axiom Space-1 launched in April 2022 |
| Benson Space Company | SpaceDev | Dream Chaser | Defunct | |
| MirCorp | none | Soyuz TM, Progress M1 and Mir | Defunct | Mir deorbited |
| Space Adventures | - | Soyuz and the ISS | Active | 9 tourists sent |
| RocketShip Tours | XCOR | Lynx rocketplane | Defunct | |
| Virgin Galactic | Scaled Composites | Spaceship Two, White Knight 2 | Active | 7 Spaceship Two glide flights successfully completed |