# Putian

Putian (Chinese: 莆田, Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Hinghwa/Hinghua (simplified Chinese: 兴化; traditional Chinese: 興化), is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Fuzhou to the north, Quanzhou to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghua Bay to the east. Mulan River flows through the city.

## History

Putian was first founded as an administrative area in the year of 568 as a city county during the Chen dynasty. Putian was later established as a military administered city in 979.
Putian is known as the counterfeit sneaker capital with counterfeiters protected from internationally intellectual property law enforcement by the notoriously corrupt local courts.

## Language

Pó-chéng-uā (莆田话), a sub-dialect of Min Chinese is spoken.

## Economy

Putian has become an export base for Fujian products. The main industries are shoe-making, brewing, electronics, garments, fruits, vegetables, machinery and electrical goods. In particular, the area is known for high-quality counterfeits of shoes and the domination of Chinese private healthcare.

## Culture

Putian is known for Putian (Henghwa) cuisine, a unique style of cuisine that places a heavy emphasis on fresh seafood. Duotou clams, locally harvested around the village of Duotou, are particularly well known.

## Tourism

Meizhou Island, most famous for being the legendary birthplace of the goddess Mazu, is located closely offshore of Putian. According to legends, Mazu in her earthly incarnation died on the seashore of Xianliang Harbor, in the coastal area of Putian, where Xianliang Mazu Temple hosts pilgrims from different Chinese provinces and from Taiwan, particularly for the ceremonies commemorating the goddess' death held in October. Because of its hosting "the most sacred places for Mazu believers," Putian is known as "Mazu's hometown."

## Higher education

* Putian University
* Meizhouwan Vocational Technology College

## Climate

Climate data for Putian, elevation 81 m (266 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.1 (88.0) | 30.3 (86.5) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.8 (92.8) | 35.6 (96.1) | 36.9 (98.4) | 36.7 (98.1) | 36.4 (97.5) | 33.5 (92.3) | 31.1 (88.0) | 28.4 (83.1) | 36.9 (98.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.4 (61.5) | 16.9 (62.4) | 19.3 (66.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 27.2 (81.0) | 30.3 (86.5) | 33.1 (91.6) | 32.7 (90.9) | 30.8 (87.4) | 27.0 (80.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 18.7 (65.7) | 25.0 (76.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 12.6 (54.7) | 12.9 (55.2) | 15.1 (59.2) | 19.5 (67.1) | 23.5 (74.3) | 26.7 (80.1) | 29.0 (84.2) | 28.7 (83.7) | 27.1 (80.8) | 23.4 (74.1) | 19.7 (67.5) | 15.0 (59.0) | 21.1 (70.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.1 (50.2) | 10.4 (50.7) | 12.4 (54.3) | 16.6 (61.9) | 20.7 (69.3) | 24.1 (75.4) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.8 (78.4) | 24.5 (76.1) | 21.0 (69.8) | 17.3 (63.1) | 12.5 (54.5) | 18.5 (65.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) | 4.1 (39.4) | 2.8 (37.0) | 9.1 (48.4) | 15.0 (59.0) | 16.2 (61.2) | 22.0 (71.6) | 21.5 (70.7) | 19.8 (67.6) | 13.2 (55.8) | 6.3 (43.3) | 1.8 (35.2) | 1.5 (34.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 47.1 (1.85) | 73.2 (2.88) | 116.3 (4.58) | 123.9 (4.88) | 199.6 (7.86) | 274.0 (10.79) | 183.1 (7.21) | 251.3 (9.89) | 145.8 (5.74) | 57.3 (2.26) | 42.7 (1.68) | 37.3 (1.47) | 1,551.6 (61.09) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.0 | 10.6 | 15.1 | 14.3 | 15.8 | 15.6 | 9.9 | 13.3 | 8.8 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 129 |
| Average snowy days | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 71 | 74 | 76 | 76 | 79 | 82 | 77 | 77 | 71 | 65 | 67 | 66 | 73 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 121.5 | 101.9 | 116.4 | 130.9 | 137.1 | 153.7 | 243.2 | 213.7 | 182.5 | 179.2 | 140.8 | 135.8 | 1,856.7 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 37 | 32 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 37 | 58 | 53 | 50 | 51 | 43 | 42 | 42 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||

## Administration

Putian's municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Chengxiang District (城厢区). The municipal region comprises three other districts and one county:
* Hanjiang District (涵江区)
* Licheng District (荔城区)
* Xiuyu District (秀屿区)
* Xianyou County (仙游县)
* Map
* Chengxiang
* Hanjiang
* Licheng
* Xiuyu
* Xianyou County
* Xiaori Island
* Nanri Island
* Meizhou Island
* Luci Island
* Wuqiu Note: Kinmen County, ROC (Taiwan) is claimed by the PRC.