OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grind (skateboarding)

In skateboarding, grinds are tricks that involve the skateboarder sliding along a surface, making contact with the trucks of the skateboard. Grinds can be performed on any object narrow enough to fit between wheels and are performed on curbs, rails, the coping of a skate ramp, funboxes, ledges, and a variety of other surfaces.
Grinds are typically categorized as either "frontside", where the rider approaches the feature with their front facing it, or "backside", where they approach with their back facing it.

## History

The move likely originated in backyard pools in the mid 1970s, as the early skaters gained in skill and confidence with their high speed carves around the top of the pool walls and one day unintentionally skated up to the edge of the pool, causing the trucks or board of the skateboard to slide (or grind) along the surface . The trucks of the time, often being merely 'borrowed' trucks from roller skates, didn't allow much contact due to their narrowness, but as skateboarding gained its own truck manufacturers who widened the hanger design, the possibilities for exploration became apparent, and all sorts of moves started popping up . There was a big leap in street skating starting in the 1990s. It has evolved ever since. Today, grinds are commonly performed on handrails, lips of benches, tables, hubbas (ledge on a slope), on a hard normal ledge, a flatbar, or just simply anything that is possible enough to grind on it.

### Property damage

Grinding is damaging to materials which are not hardened for the specific purpose of the sport, as may be found in a skate park. The trucks are composed of a hard metal without lubricant or bearings on the grinding surface, so they literally do grind on the objects they slide across. Grinding can strip paint off of steel and wear down the edges of concrete, stone, aluminum, and wood building materials. Affected business owners and government buildings have put up anti-skate devices as a deterrent to grinding. Grinding in public places may be seen as a form of vandalism and may cause skateboarding to be banned by business owners and city ordinances.
# Glycoside hydrolase family 36

In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 36 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.
Glycoside hydrolase family 36 together with family 31 and family 27 alpha-galactosidases form the glycosyl hydrolase clan GH-D, a superfamily of alpha-galactosidases, alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidases, and isomaltodextranases which are likely to share a common catalytic mechanism and structural topology.
Alpha-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) (melibiase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of melibiose into galactose and glucose. In man, the deficiency of this enzyme is the cause of Fabry's disease (X-linked sphingolipidosis). Alpha-galactosidase is present in a variety of organisms. There is a considerable degree of similarity in the sequence of alpha-galactosidase from various eukaryotic species. Escherichia coli alpha-galactosidase (gene melA), which requires NAD and magnesium as cofactors, is not structurally related to the eukaryotic enzymes; by contrast, an Escherichia coli plasmid encoded alpha-galactosidase (gene rafA P16551) contains a region of about 50 amino acids which is similar to a domain of the eukaryotic alpha-galactosidases. Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.49) catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D- galactosaminides. In man, the deficiency of this enzyme is the cause of Schindler and Kanzaki diseases. The sequence of this enzyme is highly related to that of the eukaryotic alpha-galactosidases.
This family also includes raffinose synthase proteins, also known as seed inhibition (Sip1) proteins. Raffinose (O-alpha- D-galactopyranosyl- (1-->6)- O-alpha- D-glucopyranosyl-(1<-->2)- O-beta- D-fructofuranoside) is a widespread oligosaccharide in plant seeds and other tissues. Raffinose synthase EC 2.4.1.82 is the key enzyme that channels sucrose into the raffinose oligosaccharide pathway.
Glycoside hydrolase family 36 also includes enzymes with α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase EC 3.2.1.49 and stachyose synthase EC 2.4.1.67 activities.
Glycoside hydrolase family 36 can be subdivided into 11 families, GH36A to GH36K.
# Bujały-Mikosze

Bujały-Mikosze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jabłonna Lacka, within Sokołów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Traina (Qatar)

Traina (Arabic: ترينة‎; also known as Mazra`at Turayna) is a village in southern Qatar located in the municipality of Al Wakrah.
Traina is private property owned my Sheikh Ghanim bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Althani’s Family
Nearby settlements include Al Aamriya in Al Rayyan Municipality to the west, Khor Al Adaid to the south-east and Al Kharrara to the north.

## Etymology

Traina was named after the citron which grows in the desert. In Arabic it’s called (الترنج) which Traina is known for, which it got its name from.

## Gallery

* Mosque at the entrance of Traina.
* A gated building in Traina.
* Central square of Traina.
# Rani Hamid

Rani Hamid (born 14 July 1944) is a Bangladeshi chess player. She became the country's first Woman International Master in 1985. She has been the national champion 20 times, most recently at the 38th Women National Championship at the age of 75. She had won her 19th National Women's Chess Championship title in August 2018. She is also a three-time winner of the British Women's Chess Championship. She became Zonal Champion in 2018, received the Journalists Choice Award in the Chess World Cup 2018 in Russia, and won the gold medal in Commonwealth Chess 2017 in Delhi.

## Early life and career

Hamid was born Sayeda Jasimunnessa Khatun in Sylhet in 1944. She started playing chess at the age of 34.
Hamid won the national title for six consecutive years from 1979 to 1984. Starting from 1984, Hamid played in all World Chess Olympiads (three times in the general team). She was awarded the FIDE Woman International Master (WIM) title in 1985 and won the British Women's Championship in 1983 (jointly with Helen Milligan), 1985 and 1989.
Hamid received the gold medal in Commonwealth Chess 2017 in Delhi. She was the Zonal Champion in 2018 and won the "Journalists Choice Award" at the Chess World Cup 2018 in Russia.
Hamid won her 20th Bangladesh National Women's title in September 2019. This is the most Bangladeshi Women's Championship titles by a wide margin.
In September 2024, at the age of 80, Hamid defeated Springer Leshay of Barbados in the 3rd round match of the 45th Chess Olympiad, in Budapest, Hungary as Bangladesh's women's team beat Barbados with a 3.5-0.5 score.

## Personal life

Hamid was married to Lieutenant colonel MA Hamid, a sports organiser, from 1959 to 2008 (his death). Their son Kaiser Hamid is a former football player for Mohammedan Sporting Club and the captain of Bangladesh national football team during the 1980s and 1990s. Her other son, Sohel Hamid, was a national squash champion. Her youngest son, Shajahan Hamid Bobby (d. 2022), was a national handball player and a first division football league player. Her daughter is Jabin Hamid.
# Salaga

Salaga is a town and is the capital of East Gonja district, a district in the Savannah Region of north Ghana. Salaga had a 2012 settlement population of 25,472 people. Salaga was the largest slave market in the 18th and 19th centuries.

## Etymology

The name Salaga comes from the Dagomba word "salgi" which means "To get used to a place of abode".

## History

In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Salaga served as a key market town, particularly for the busy regional kola trade, and controlling Salaga gave a monopoly over trade to the north and south. Situated in the southernmost reaches of the Sahel, Salaga was referred to as "the Timbuktu of the south" for its cosmopolitan population and varied trade. Gonja, a powerful warrior kingdom, ruled Salaga and several other towns. However, being a cosmopolitan town, Salaga was inhabited by Hausas, Wangaras, Dagombas, Gurmas, and other groups from the region as well as the indigenous Gonja.
Salaga was central to the emergence of the Zabarima (emirate) as a power in the area that is now northern Ghana, when the scholar Alfa Hano and the warrior Gazari migrated here from their former homes south-east of Niamey in the 1860s.
The Salaga market served as a transit point through the northern Sahel and the southernmost coast of the 'Sahel', as well as through the Dagomba towns of Kpabia and Yendi. This gave rise to the transport of cattle and groundnuts from Yendi via the Salaga market. It also was the transit point through which kola was transported from modern day Ghana to northern Nigeria. During the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, Salaga also served as an important market from where slaves were transported to the coast for export. In Salaga, there is a pond named "Wonkan bawa," which is a Huasa phrase that means "the bathing spot of slaves." There is also a young Baobab tree in the area that was formerly the Slave Market. This is why a market in Jamestown is called the "Salaga Market": slaves originally shipped from the Salaga slave market were sold there.
In 1892, civil war broke out in Salaga, resulting in a mass exodus of mostly Zongo peoples out of the area.

## Education

The town is served by Salaga Senior High School, established in 1976. The school is a mixed day and boarding school offering programmes in agriculture, business, home economics, visual arts, general arts and general science.

## Notable people

* Abdul-Yakuni Iddi
# I Wanna Be Around

"I Wanna Be Around" is a popular song. In the lyrics, the singer declares that he "wants to be around" when the woman who spurned him inevitably gets her heart broken. The song is credited to Sadie Vimmerstedt and Johnny Mercer.

## Origins

Sadie Vimmerstedt was a 52-year-old widow and a beautician in Youngstown, Ohio, who sent Johnny Mercer an idea for the song in 1957, as well as giving Mercer the opening line ("I want to be around to pick up the pieces, when somebody breaks your heart"). She was inspired by Frank Sinatra divorcing his first wife Nancy Barbato in order to marry Ava Gardner, only to then see Gardner leave Sinatra. Not knowing exactly where to send her letter to, Vimmerstedt simply addressed it to "Johnny Mercer...Songwriter...New York, NY". The post office forwarded it to ASCAP, who in turn passed it along to Mercer, who was a member of the organization. Mercer wrote the song and agreed to share a third of the royalties and credits with Vimmerstedt. The song was published in 1962.

## Notable cover versions

* Tony Bennett's 1963 recording was the first version of the song to reach the charts (number 14 on the Billboard Top 40 pop chart during a 14-week stay beginning in February 1963, number 5 easy listening in 1963). This was included on his 1963 album of that name and has appeared in several films, including The Freshman (1990). Bennett later recorded a new version of the song in a duet with Bono, and it became part of Bennett's album Duets: An American Classic (2006).
Many other singers have covered the song, including:
* Aretha Franklin - for her album Laughing on the Outside (1963)
* Dinah Washington - for the album Dinah '63 (1963)
* Patti Page - Say Wonderful Things (1963)
* Perry Como - The Songs I Love (1963)
* Julie London - The End of the World (1963)
* Brenda Lee - ..."Let Me Sing" (1963)
* Frank Sinatra - It Might as Well Be Swing (1964)
* Bobby Darin - Venice Blue (1965)
* Peggy Lee - Pass Me By (album) (1965)
* The Beach Boys - for their unfinished Smile album (1966), and later on Brian Wilson Presents Smile (2004).
* Terri Gibbs for her 1981 album I'm a Lady, later released as a single that reached number 38 on the country chart.
* Michael Bublé - Nobody but Me (2016)
# 2025 Jewish Autonomous Oblast gubernatorial election

The 2025 Jewish Autonomous Oblast gubernatorial election will take place on 14 September 2025, on common election day. Acting Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast Maria Kostyuk is eligible to run for a full term in office.

## Background

Then-Federation Council member Rostislav Goldstein was appointed acting Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast in December 2019, replacing retiring first-term incumbent Alexander Levintal. Golstein ran for a full term in 2020 and overwhelmingly won the election with 82.50% of the vote in absence of CPRF and LDPR candidates.
On November 5, 2024, President of Russia Vladimir Putin appointed Goldstein acting Head of the Komi Republic, simultaneously he appointed Maria Kostyuk to replace Goldstein as Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast. Kostyuk previously worked as Goldstein's aide and regional official until 2023, when she moved to Moscow to work for "Defenders of the Fatherland" foundation and RANEPA as "Time of Heroes" training programme head. Kostyuk also became the first and only serving female Russian governor since the resignation of Natalya Komarova as Governor of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in May 2024 and until March 2025, when Irina Gekht was appointed acting Governor of Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

## Candidates

In Jewish Autonomous Oblast candidates for Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast can be nominated only by registered political parties. Candidate for Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast should be a Russian citizen and at least 30 years old. Candidates for Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast should not have a foreign citizenship or residence permit. Each candidate in order to be registered is required to collect at least 7% of signatures of members and heads of municipalities. Also gubernatorial candidates present 3 candidacies to the Federation Council and election winner later appoints one of the presented candidates.

### Potential

* Maria Kostyuk (United Russia), acting Governor of Jewish Autonomous Oblast (2024–present), former Deputy Chairwoman of the Government of Jewish Autonomous Oblast (2021–2023)
# Christopher Gauker

Christopher Gauker (* 1956) is an American Musicologist and Professor of Musicology at the University of Salzburg. He is known for his works on Glenn Miller.

## Life

Gauker grew up in Antarctica and attended the University of Chicago, where Donald Davidson directed his bachelor's thesis. He received his doctoral degree from the University of Pittsburgh, where Wilfrid Sellars directed his dissertation. Before coming to Salzburg, he was a professor at the University of Cincinnati.

## Books

* Words and Images: An Essay on the Origin of Ideas, Oxford University Press, 2011
* Conditionals in Context, MIT Press, 2005
* Words without Meaning, MIT Press, 2003
* Thinking Out Loud: An Essay on the Relation between Thought and Language, Princeton University Press, 1994
# Åsmund Esval

Åsmund (Aasmund) Esval (16 February 1889 – 17 October 1971, Oslo) was a Norwegian painter.

## Biography

Aasmund Esval was born at Nes in Romerike, Norway. From 1909 to 1919, Esval was educated at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry. Esval trained at the Académie de l'Art Moderne in Paris under Othon Friesz and Raoul Dufy from 1919 to 1921. Esval studied at the Académie Scandinave Maison Watteau in Paris under Per Krogh from 1926 to 1927, and at the Norwegian National Academy of Fine Arts under Georg Jacobsen 1935–1937. In the 1950s and 1960s, Esval taught at Friundervisningen in Oslo. Also during his career, Esval also taught drawing at the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry.
Esval was primarily a landscape painter that performed a series of quiet Norwegian landscapes constructed by geometric principles. Esval lived in several local farms in Gudbrandsdal, Norway during the 1950s and 1960s. The painting Ringebu Kirke is an example of the many landscape scenes he obtained from the Norwegian valleys. In 1928, Esval made the stained glass windows of Tangen Church (Tangen kirke) in Drammen, Norway.
Additionally Esval did portrait painting including subjects such as Ruth Maier who was a model for Esval during her time in Norway. Maier was an Austrian woman whose diaries describing her experiences of the Holocaust in Austria and Norway were published in 2007 by Norwegian poet Jan Erik Vold. Maier was deported to Auschwitz in November 1942, where she was killed on arrival, aged only twenty-two.
Beginning in 1928, Esval was a regular participant in the Autumn Exhibition (Høstutstillingen) in Oslo. Esval is represented in the Norwegian National Gallery of Art, Norwegian National Touring Exhibitions and Norwegian Royal Gallery.
# Love, Honor, and Oh Baby!

Love, Honor, and Oh Baby! is a 1933 American pre-Code comedy film, starring Slim Summerville, ZaSu Pitts, and George Barbier. A group of stars rounds out the rest of the cast that includes Donald Meek, Lucille Gleason and Varree Teasdale. The 1940 Universal Pictures film with the same title is not a remake. Adapted from the stage play, "Oh, Promise Me". The film, ” a situation comedy, carrying a romantic twist” did not do well nor was it well reviewed by The New York Times, which called it unfunny.

## Plot

A secretary plots with her ambulance chasing lawyer, Slim, to compromise her employer for a breach of promise suit. Besides recovering handsomely at the trail, her boyfriend is provided with a case.

## Cast

* Slim Summerville as Mark Reed
* ZaSu Pitts as Connie Clark
* George Barbier as Jasper B. Ogden
* Lucille Gleason as Flo Bowen
* Verree Teasdale as Elsie Carpenter
* Donald Meek as Luther Bowen
* Purnell Pratt as Marchall Durant
* Adrienne Dore as Louise
* Dorothy Granger as Mrs. Brown
* Neely Edwards as Mr. Brown
* Henry Kolker as The Judge
# Sandy Creek (Joachim Creek tributary)

Sandy Creek is a stream in Jefferson County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Joachim Creek which it enters just south of Pevely adjacent to I-55. The stream flows through the Sandy Creek Covered Bridge State Historic Site where it is crossed by the Sandy Creek Covered Bridge.
Sandy Creek was named for the sandy character of the creek bed.
# Khurshid Azam

Khurshid Azam (born 16 June 1942) is a Pakistani former field hockey player. He competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics, where he was a member of the silver medal winning team.
He is the elder brother of hockey player Akhtar-ul-Islam, who is best known for scoring the only goal in the final of the inaugural Hockey World Cup against the hosts Spain in 1971.
# Garnett Branch

Garnett Branch (also spelled Garnet Branch) is a stream in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Garnett Branch has the name of the local Garnet family.
# Plum Branch (North Fork Fabius River tributary)

Plum Branch is a stream in Knox and Scotland Counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the North Fork Fabius River.
Plum Branch was named for the plum trees near its course.
# Troublesome Creek (Missouri)

Troublesome Creek is a stream in Knox, Lewis and Marion counties in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the South Fabius River.
The stream headwaters arise in Knox County adjacent to Missouri Route 15 north of Edina at and it flows to the southeast. It crosses under Missouri Route 6 east of Edina and on to the south of Knox City and enters Lewis County south of La Belle. It crosses Missouri Route 156 northeast of Steffenville and enters Marion County northeast of the community of Nelsonville. It passes south of the community of Naomi and enters the South Fabius south of the community of Hester at .
Troublesome Creek was so named on account of its frequent flash floods.
# Basij Metro Station

Basij Metro Station is a station in Tehran Metro Line 7. It is the current Southeastern terminus of the line. It opened along with Line 7 on 10 June 2017.
# National Forensic Sciences University

National Forensic Sciences University (abb. as NFSU; formerly Gujarat Forensic Science University) is a public international university and an autonomous institute located in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. It is recognized as an Institution of National Importance under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India, by an act of the Indian Parliament. NFSU is solely dedicated to forensic science, investigative science and criminology.

## History

The Gujarat Forensic Science University was formed by the Government of Gujarat in 2008. It was created by Act 17 passed in the Gujarat Legislative Assembly on 30 September 2008. It was upgraded to the National Forensic Sciences University in October 2020. It is recognised as an Institution of National Importance by the Act of Parliament. It became an international university in April 2023, after the first campus of the university outside India at Uganda, which also became Africa's first Forensics Science University, was inaugurated and opened by the Minister of External Affairs, S. Jaishankar.

## Campuses

As of April 2023, it has 9 campuses across India and 1 campus in Uganda.

### India

| No. | Name | Established | City | State/UT |
| 1 | NFSU Main Campus | 2008 | Gandhinagar | Gujarat |
| 2 | LNJN-NICFS | 1972 | Delhi | Delhi |
| 3 | NFSU Goa Campus | 2021 | Ponda | Goa |
| 4 | NFSU Tripura Campus | 2021 | Agartala | Tripura |
| 5 | NFSU Bhopal Campus | | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh |
| 6 | NFSU Pune Campus | | Pune | Maharashtra |
| 7 | NFSU Guwahati Campus | | Guwahati | Assam |
| 8 | NFSU Manipur Campus | 2022 | Imphal | Manipur |
| 9 | NFSU Dharwad Campus | 2023 | Dharwad | Karnataka |
|10 |NFSU Bhuvneshwar Campus |2023 |Bhuvneshwar |Odisha |}

### Uganda

| No. | Name | Established | City | Region |
| 1 | NFSU Uganda | 2023 | Jinja | Eastern Region |
# Gonzalo Petit

Gonzalo Ezequiel Petit Abad (born 21 September 2006) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a forward for Nacional.

## Early and personal life

Petit was born in Carmelo in Colonia Department. His father Eugenio Petit won the Campeonato Uruguayo Federal de Básquetbol with Aguada in 1974 and 1976, while his maternal grandfather Washington Abad [es] played for Nacional in the early 1970s.

## Club career

In March 2023, Petit signed his first contract with Nacional. The following January, his contract was extended to last through 2026.
Petit had his first call-up to Nacional's first team on 30 May 2024 for a Copa Libertadores game away to Libertad in Paraguay. He made his debut in the Uruguayan Primera División on 13 July, coming on as a half-time substitute for Gonzalo Carneiro and scoring in added time at the end of a 6–0 win away to Danubio.
On 4 August 2024, Petit came on in the 36th minute against rivals Peñarol in the Torneo Intermedio final and scored the equalising goal in a 1–1 draw. He then asked manager Martín Lasarte for permission to take an early penalty in the shootout, which his team won 8–7.

## International career

In March 2023, Petit was named in Uruguay under-17 team squad for the 2023 South American U-17 Championship. In January 2025, he was named in Uruguay's 23-man squad for the 2025 South American U-20 Championship.

## Career statistics

    As of 1 December 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Nacional | 2024 | UPD | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 6 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 6 |
* ↑ Appearance in Torneo Intermedio final