# Utah County, Utah

Utah County is the second-most populous county in the U.S. state of Utah. The county seat and largest city is Provo, which is the state's fourth-largest city, and the largest outside of Salt Lake County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 659,399.
Utah County is one of two counties forming the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, and is part of the larger Salt Lake City metropolitan area. In 2020, the center of population of Utah was in Utah County, in the city of Saratoga Springs.
Utah County is one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States, ranking among the top ten counties in numerical growth. Correspondingly, Provo–Orem is among the top eight metropolitan areas by percentage growth in the country.
Utah County is one of seven counties in the United States to have the same name as its state. The other six counties are Arkansas County, Hawaii County, Idaho County, Iowa County, Oklahoma County and New York County (commonly known as Manhattan).

## History

The legislature of the State of Deseret created a county on January 31, 1850, to govern the civic affairs of Utah Valley, which by the 1850s was bustling with newly arrived settlers. The county name is derived from the valley name, which is derived from the Spanish name (Yuta) for the Ute Indians. The State of Deseret dissolved soon after (April 5, 1851), but the counties it had set in place continued. There is little record of any official activity conducted by the fledgling county until April 18, 1852, when a full slate of county officials was published, and recordkeeping began. The first courthouse was built in central Provo in 1866–67. It was soon outgrown and was replaced by a second courthouse (1872–73). By the 1920s, this building was also cramped, and the decision was made to erect a combined city-county building, which was completed in 1926.
The county's boundaries were adjusted in 1852, 1854, 1856, 1862, 1880, and 1884. It has retained its present boundary since 1884.

## Geography

Utah County terrain ranges from steep mountain ranges in the east (the Wasatch Range), dropping steeply to a large lake-filled valley. Most of the comparatively level ground is dedicated to agriculture or developed uses, while most of the steep terrain is covered with arid-climate forestation. The county generally slopes to the west and north, with its highest point (the northern peak of the twin-peaked Mt. Nebo in the southern part of the county), at 11,928 ft (3,636 m) ASL. The county has an area of 2,144 square miles (5,550 km$^2$), of which 2,003 square miles (5,190 km$^2$) is land and 141 square miles (370 km$^2$) (6.6%) is water.
Utah Valley lies at the center of the county, lined by the mountains of the Wasatch Range on the east. Utah Lake occupies a large part of the valley. The elevation ranges from 4,487 feet (1,368 m) above sea level at the lake to 11,928 feet (3,636 m) at the peak of Mount Nebo.

### Major highways

Source:
* Interstate 15
* U.S. Route 6
* U.S. Route 89
* U.S. Route 189
* Utah State Route 68
* Utah State Route 73
* Utah State Route 77
* Utah State Route 85
* Utah State Route 92
* Utah State Route 146
* Utah State Route 147
* Utah State Route 198

### Protected areas

Source:
* Ashley National Forest (part)
* Black Hawk Campground (US Forest Service)
* Finish of the Provo River Parkway
* Manti-La Sal National Forest (part)
* Mount Timpanogos
* Powell Slough Waterfowl Management Area
* Rock Island Waterfowl Management Area
* Scofield State Park (part)
* Starvation Wildlife Management Area
* Timpanogos Cave National Monument
* Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest (part)
* Utah Lake State Park

### Lakes

Source:
* Utah Lake
* Provo Bay (an extension of Utah Lake)
* Scofield Reservoir (part)

## Demographics

Utah County racial composition :
| Race or Ethnicity | 2020 | 2010 | 2000 | 1990 | 1950 | 1900 |
| White | 81.6% | 89.4% | 95.7% | 96.4% | 99.6% | 99.9% |
| —Non-Hispanic | 78.6% | 84.2% | 87.7% | 94.8% | n/a | n/a |
| Black or African American | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.02% | 0.02% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 13.4% | 10.8% | 8.4% | 3.0% | n/a | n/a |
| Asian | 1.6% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 1.0% | n/a | n/a |
| Hawaiian & Pacific Islander | 1.0% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.5% | n/a | n/a |
| Native American | 2.0% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.7% | n/a | 0.01% |
| Multiracial | 9.0% | 2.7% | 1.4% | n/a | n/a | n/a |
$^1$ The 2000 census was the first to allow residents to select multiple race categories. Prior to 2000, the census used the category 'Other Race' as a catch-all identifier. For county-level census data in 1950 and 1900, Utah counted all non-White and non-Black residents using this category. 'Other races' formed 1.4% of Utah County's population in 1990, 0.43% in 1950, and 0.07% in 1900.

### 2020 census

According to the 2020 United States census and 2020 American Community Survey, there were 659,399 people in Utah County with a population density of 329.0 people per square mile (127.0/km$^2$). Among non-Hispanic or Latino people, the racial makeup was 518,460 (78.6%) White, 4,110 (0.6%) African American, 2,533 (0.4%) Native American, 10,111 (1.5%) Asian, 6,541 (1.0%) Pacific Islander, 2,421 (0.4%) from other races, and 26,692 (4.0%) from two or more races. 88,531 (13.4%) people were Hispanic or Latino.
There were 330,884 (50.18%) males and 328,515 (49.82%) females, and the population distribution by age was 216,133 (32.8%) under the age of 18, 389,673 (59.1%) from 18 to 64, and 53,593 (8.1%) who were at least 65 years old. The median age was 25.9 years.
There were 184,558 households in Utah County with an average size of 3.57 of which 148,476 (80.4%) were families and 36,082 (19.6%) were non-families. Among all families, 124,424 (67.4%) were married couples, 8,394 (4.5%) were male householders with no spouse, and 15,658 (8.5%) were female householders with no spouse. Among all non-families, 23,748 (12.9%) were a single person living alone and 12,334 (6.7%) were two or more people living together. 88,011 (47.7%) of all households had children under the age of 18. 124,353 (67.4%) of households were owner-occupied while 60,205 (32.6%) were renter-occupied.
The median income for a Utah County household was $77,057 and the median family income was $83,938, with a per-capita income of $27,365. The median income for males that were full-time employees was $60,356 and for females $37,391. 10.0% of the population and 6.9% of families were below the poverty line.
In terms of education attainment, out of the 310,161 people in Utah County 25 years or older, 14,999 (4.8%) had not completed high school, 51,916 (16.7%) had a high school diploma or equivalency, 115,689 (37.3%) had some college or associate degree, 88,312 (28.5%) had a bachelor's degree, and 39,245 (12.7%) had a graduate or professional degree.

### Ancestry

Most Reported Ancestries in Utah County (2020) :
| Ancestry | Percentage of Population$^1$ |
| Other European-Americans | 30.6% |
| English | 28.1% |
| American or Unclassified | 22.7% |
| Other British (including Scottish & Welsh) | 10.5% |
| German | 10.5% |
| Mexican | 7.7% |
| Irish | 5% |
| Other Latin American | 4.3% |
| Middle Eastern or North African | 0.3% |
$^1$ Due to respondents reporting multiple ethnicities, percentages may add up to greater than 100%.

### Religion

Religion in Utah County as of 2020 :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Latter-day Saints | Latter-day Saints | 72% | 72% |
| None | None | 13% | 13% |
| Protestant | Protestant | 9% | 9% |
| Catholic | Catholic | 5% | 5% |
| Other faiths | Other faiths | 1% | 1% |

## Government

The government is a three-member elected county commission elected at-large. Other elected officials include the county sheriff, the county clerk, county recorder, county assessor, county surveyor, county treasurer, and the county attorney. The current county attorney is Jeff Gray.
In 2020, Utah County voters rejected Proposition 9, which would have changed the county's government to a five-member elected county council with an elected county mayor.
The first sheriff of the county was John T. Willis, who was succeeded by William Madison Wall. Alexander Williams served during John Cradlebaugh's court in 1859. He was succeeded by Eli Whipple, who resigned in 1861 and was replaced by Russell Kelly. In 2020, Sheriff Mike Smith publicly stated he would not enforce COVID-19 face mask mandates.
The Utah County Fire Department provides emergency response to all unincorporated areas within Utah County and works with all the incorporated cities within the county plus all Utah state and federal lands. The department is primarily a wildland fires response and urban interspace service with some structure fire and HAZMAT abatement capability.

### Politics

United States presidential election results for Utah County, Utah :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 203,476 | 66.65% | 84,937 | 27.82% | 16,858 | 5.52% |
| 2020 | 192,812 | 66.69% | 76,033 | 26.30% | 20,256 | 7.01% |
| 2016 | 102,182 | 50.18% | 28,522 | 14.01% | 72,938 | 35.82% |
| 2012 | 156,950 | 88.32% | 17,281 | 9.72% | 3,482 | 1.96% |
| 2008 | 122,224 | 77.71% | 29,567 | 18.80% | 5,488 | 3.49% |
| 2004 | 128,269 | 85.99% | 17,357 | 11.64% | 3,547 | 2.38% |
| 2000 | 98,255 | 81.70% | 16,445 | 13.67% | 5,556 | 4.62% |
| 1996 | 69,653 | 71.05% | 18,291 | 18.66% | 10,087 | 10.29% |
| 1992 | 61,398 | 56.76% | 14,090 | 13.02% | 32,690 | 30.22% |
| 1988 | 68,134 | 77.23% | 18,533 | 21.01% | 1,560 | 1.77% |
| 1984 | 72,284 | 82.61% | 14,801 | 16.91% | 419 | 0.48% |
| 1980 | 71,859 | 83.44% | 12,166 | 14.13% | 2,096 | 2.43% |
| 1976 | 49,328 | 69.48% | 18,327 | 25.82% | 3,338 | 4.70% |
| 1972 | 42,179 | 70.94% | 10,828 | 18.21% | 6,453 | 10.85% |
| 1968 | 29,226 | 59.01% | 16,629 | 33.57% | 3,673 | 7.42% |
| 1964 | 20,912 | 46.63% | 23,936 | 53.37% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 23,057 | 53.99% | 19,626 | 45.95% | 25 | 0.06% |
| 1956 | 25,371 | 66.56% | 12,747 | 33.44% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 20,913 | 57.71% | 15,327 | 42.29% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 13,395 | 44.82% | 16,191 | 54.18% | 300 | 1.00% |
| 1944 | 9,946 | 38.68% | 15,722 | 61.14% | 45 | 0.18% |
| 1940 | 8,740 | 36.48% | 15,168 | 63.32% | 48 | 0.20% |
| 1936 | 6,173 | 29.83% | 14,387 | 69.52% | 135 | 0.65% |
| 1932 | 7,953 | 38.73% | 12,140 | 59.12% | 443 | 2.16% |
| 1928 | 8,771 | 52.19% | 7,955 | 47.33% | 81 | 0.48% |
| 1924 | 6,946 | 46.28% | 5,226 | 34.82% | 2,838 | 18.91% |
| 1920 | 7,752 | 53.34% | 6,377 | 43.88% | 403 | 2.77% |
| 1916 | 5,201 | 37.45% | 8,235 | 59.30% | 451 | 3.25% |
| 1912 | 4,185 | 35.45% | 4,636 | 39.26% | 2,986 | 25.29% |
| 1908 | 6,373 | 54.82% | 4,984 | 42.87% | 269 | 2.31% |
| 1904 | 6,490 | 59.15% | 4,243 | 38.67% | 239 | 2.18% |
| 1900 | 5,698 | 50.97% | 5,391 | 48.22% | 90 | 0.81% |
| 1896 | 2,039 | 21.66% | 7,375 | 78.34% | 0 | 0.00% |
Utah County has been referred to as "the most Republican county in the most Republican state in the United States". It has voted for a Democratic presidential candidate nine times since statehood, but has not done so since 1964.
In the 1992 presidential election, George H. W. Bush received the most votes and Bill Clinton was third in votes received. In the 2004 presidential election, 85.99% voted for George W. Bush. In the 2008 U.S. presidential election, the county voted for John McCain by a 58.9% margin over Barack Obama, compared to McCain winning by 28.1% statewide. Eight other Utah counties voted more strongly in favor of McCain. In the 2012 election, Mitt Romney received 88.32% of the vote. In 2016, it gave a slim majority of the vote to Donald Trump, and nearly 30% of the vote to independent candidate Evan McMullin, who outperformed Hillary Clinton in the county. This was McMullin's largest share of the vote in any county in Utah and his second best nationwide after Madison County, Idaho. In 2020, Democratic candidate Joe Biden received over 75,000 votes, easily a record for the party - no Democratic candidate had previously received more than 30,000 votes in the county - but it amounted to barely a quarter of the county vote as Trump received two-thirds of the total.
Until 2013, Utah County was represented entirely by one congressional district. Currently, the county is split between two congressional districts. Most of the county's population is in the 3rd District, represented by Republican John Curtis, former Provo Mayor. Much of the county's area however, including Utah Lake, resides in the 4th District currently represented by Republican Burgess Owens.
The county's Republican bent runs right through state and local politics. All five state senators representing the county, as well as all 14 state representatives, are Republicans.
State Elected Offices :
| Position | District | Name | Affiliation | First Elected |
| Senate | 7 | Mike McKell | Republican | 2020 |
| Senate | 11 | Daniel McCay | Republican | 2018 |
| Senate | 13 | Jake Anderegg | Republican | 2016 |
| Senate | 14 | Mike Kennedy | Republican | 2020 |
| Senate | 15 | Keith Grover | Republican | 2018 |
| Senate | 16 | Curt Bramble | Republican | 2000 |
| Senate | 24 | Derrin Owens | Republican | 2020 |
| Senate | 27 | David Hinkins | Republican | 2008 |
| House of Representatives | 2 | Jefferson Moss | Republican | 2016 |
| House of Representatives | 6 | Cory Maloy | Republican | 2016 |
| House of Representatives | 27 | Brady Brammer | Republican | 2018 |
| House of Representatives | 48 | Keven Stratton | Republican | 2012 |
| House of Representatives | 56 | Kay Christofferson | Republican | 2012 |
| House of Representatives | 57 | Jon Hawkins | Republican | 2018 |
| House of Representatives | 59 | Val Peterson | Republican | 2010 |
| House of Representatives | 60 | Nelson Abbott | Republican | 2020 |
| House of Representatives | 61 | Marsha Judkins | Republican | 2018 |
| House of Representatives | 63 | Adam Robertson | Republican | 2018 |
| House of Representatives | 64 | Norm Thurston | Republican | 2014 |
| House of Representatives | 65 | Stephen Whyte | Republican | 2021 |
| House of Representatives | 66 | Jeff Burton | Republican | 2020 |
| House of Representatives | 67 | Doug Welton | Republican | 2020 |
| House of Representatives | 68 | Merrill Nelson | Republican | 2012 |
| Board of Education | 9 | Cindy Davis | Nonpartisan | 2018 |
| Board of Education | 11 | Natalie Cline | Republican | 2020 |
| Board of Education | 12 | James Moss Jr. | Republican | 2020 |
| Board of Education | 13 | Randy Boothe | Republican | 2020 |
| Board of Education | 14 | Mark Huntsman | Nonpartisan | 2014 |

## Social issues

Utah County saw high rates of opioid and other prescription drug addiction from the mid-2000s onwards, foreshadowing the national opioid crisis. The 2008 documentary Happy Valley examined the problem.
Giving USA, which reports on charitable giving in the US, named Utah County as one of the three most generous counties in philanthropic donations, alongside San Juan County, Utah and Madison County, Idaho.
In 2019, one in eight people and one in six children in the county did not have sufficient food.

## Infrastructure

Much of Utah's transportation infrastructure was built to support automobiles. Prior to the 1950s, Utah County relied on the U.S. Highway System for local transportation. When I-15 was built in 1956 (parallel to Highway 89), it became the dominant transportation vein in the state. The I-15 CORE project added multiple lanes on I-15 through most of Utah County. This expanded 24 miles (39 km) of freeway and was completed in 2012. Other construction projects by UDOT have been done on I-15 since then, including the Technology Corridor project and the Point of the Mountain project. However, the highway system retains its significance in Utah County due to the mountainous terrain. Highway 6 is the closest major road connecting Colorado to the Wasatch Front, running through Spanish Fork Canyon before converging with I-15 in the city of Spanish Fork. Portions of Highway 89 have become prominent local roads known collectively as 'State Street'. Highway 189 is known as 'University Avenue' in the city of Provo, and runs through Provo Canyon into Heber in neighboring Wasatch County.
Utah County has seen significant growth in public transportation over the past 15 years, owing in part to the county's large student population of more than 70,000 commuting to-and-from Brigham Young University (BYU) in Provo and Utah Valley University (UVU) in Orem. The two cities jointly operate UVX, a bus rapid transit system, as part of their city bus routes. Provo also serves as the southernmost terminus of the FrontRunner, Utah's intrastate commuter rail service. The Provo FrontRunner station is located on South University Avenue, directly southwest of Amtrak's Provo Station—which is Utah's third westbound stop, after Green River and Helper, for the California Zephyr Amtrak route. In addition to Provo, The FrontRunner currently has three stops in the county. The Orem FrontRunner station is located on the west side of I-15, served by a pedestrian bridge over the freeway that connects the UVU campus directly to the station. An additional stop in Vineyard, Utah was completed in August 2022. Utah County also operates the American Fork FrontRunner Station and the Lehi FrontRunner Station located near Thanksgiving Point. From Lehi, the FrontRunner leaves Utah County and enters Salt Lake County.

## Education
### School districts

School districts include:
* Alpine School District
* Provo School District
* Nebo School District

### Colleges and universities

Four-year institutions
* Brigham Young University (private)
* Utah Valley University (public)
* Provo College (private for-profit)
* Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions (private for-profit)
Two-year institutions
* Mountainland Technical College (public)

## Communities
### Cities

* Alpine
* American Fork
* Bluffdale (part)
* Cedar Hills
* Draper (part)
* Eagle Mountain
* Elk Ridge
* Highland
* Lehi
* Lindon
* Mapleton
* Orem
* Payson
* Pleasant Grove
* Provo (county seat)
* Salem
* Santaquin (part)
* Saratoga Springs
* Spanish Fork
* Springville
* Vineyard
* Woodland Hills

### Towns

* Cedar Fort
* Fairfield
* Genola
* Goshen

### Census-designated places

* Benjamin
* Elberta
* Hobble Creek
* Lake Shore
* Palmyra
* Spring Lake
* Sundance
* West Mountain

### Unincorporated communities

* Birdseye
* Colton
* Soldier Summit (part)
* Vivian Park

### Former communities

* Caryhurst (now within Provo city limits)
* Christmas City (area is now partially in Provo and partially in Orem)
* Dividend
* Forest City
* Homansville
* Ironton (now within Provo city limits)
* Kyune
* Leland (mostly absorbed by Spanish Fork)
* Manila (former township, annexed by Pleasant Grove in 1998)
* Manning
* Mill Fork
* Mosida
* Thistle
* Tucker
* West Portal