OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase

In enzymology, a 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.60) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:
    2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + CTP $\rightleftharpoons$ diphosphate + 4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
* 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate
* Cytidine triphosphate
* 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol (CDP-ME)
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are CTP and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate, whereas its two products are diphosphate and 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing nucleotide groups (nucleotidyltransferases).
This enzyme participates in isoprenoid biosynthesis and stenvenosim. It catalyzes the third step of the MEP pathway; the formation of CDP-ME (4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol) from CTP and MEP (2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate). The isoprenoid pathway is a well known target for anti-infective drug development.

## Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is CTP:2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase. This enzyme is also called:
* MEP cytidylyltransferase
* CDP-ME synthetase
It is normally abbreviated IspD. It is also referenced by the open reading frame YgbP.

## Structural studies

The crystal structure of the E. coli 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase 1I52, 1INI & 1INJ, reported by Richard et al. (2001), was the first one for an enzyme involved in the MEP pathway.
As of February 2010, 13 other structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1H3M, 1VGT, 1VGU, 1VGZ, 1VPA, 1VGW, 1W55, 1W57, 1W77,2PX7, 2VSI, 3F1C and 2VSH.
# Marijke

Marijke, sometimes Germanized as Mareike, is a Dutch feminine given name. It is originally a diminutive of Mary. Phonetically, the name is said muh-rye-kah/keh, preferably with a rolling “r”.

## People named Marijke/Mareike

People with the given name Marijke include:
* Princess Marijke (later "Princess Christina"), youngest daughter of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands
* Marijke Abels (born 1948), Dutch visual artist and instructor
* Marijke Amado (born 1954), Dutch television presenter
* Marijke van Beukering-Huijbregts (born 1971), Dutch politician
* Marijke Callebaut (born 1980), retired Belgian footballer
* Marijke Djwalapersad (born 1951), Surinamese politician
* Marijke Engelen (born 1961), Dutch synchronized swimmer
* Marijke de Goey (born 1947), Dutch visual artist
* Marijke van Haaren (born 1952), Dutch politician
* Marijke Hanegraaf (born 1946), Dutch poet
* Marijke Kegge (born 1957), Dutch sprint canoer
* Marijke Mars (born 1965), American billionaire heiress and businesswoman
* Marijke Moser (born 1946), Dutch-born Swiss middle and long-distance runner
* Marijke Nel (born 1967), South African-born Canadian tennis player and former South African women's rugby union player.
* Marijke Ruiter (born 1954), Dutch swimmer, 10-fold champion at the Paralympic Games
* Marijke Schaar née Jansen (born 1944), Dutch tennis player
* Marijke Synhaeve (born 1989), Dutch politician
* Marijke Verpoorten, Belgian researcher and professor at the University of Antwerp
* Marijke Vos (born 1957), Dutch politician
* Marijke van Warmerdam (born 1959), Dutch photographer, installation artist, and video artist
People with the given name Mareike include:
* Mareike Adams (born 1990), German rower
* Mareike Carrière (1954-2014), German actress, spokesperson and translator.
* Mareike Hermeier (born 1989), German politician
* Mareike Miller née Adermann (born 1990), German wheelchair basketball player
# Roman Golovchenko

Roman Alexandrovich Golovchenko (born 10 August 1973) is a Belarusian politician who served as Prime Minister of Belarus from 4th of June 2020 to 10th of March 2025.
Prior to his premiership, he was a diplomat and worked in the country's general prosecution.

## Early life

He was born on 10 August 1973 in Zhodzina as an only child. His father Alexander Nikolaevich Golovchenko graduated from the Belarusian Polytechnic Institute and worked as an engineer in the design bureau of Minsk Tractor Works. Roman Golovchenko lived in Zhodzina up until the age of 10, when he moved with his parents to Minsk, where he graduated from high school. He graduated from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations in 1996. He also graduated from the Academy of Public Administration in 2003.

## Career

In 2013, he was made Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates, and was then also responsible for representing the country in Qatar, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia.
He was appointed to his current position by President Alexander Lukashenko two months prior to the 2020 Belarusian presidential election. Prior to his appointment, he served as the chairman of the State Military-Industrial Committee. He offered his resignation amid a cabinet reshuffle on 17 August 2020, during the 2020 Belarusian protests. However, he was retained as Prime Minister of the new government.
In June 2022, Golovchenko was blacklisted by Canada.

## Awards

* Medal "100 years of the formation of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic" (2021, Republic of Tatarstan)

## Personal life

He has a son from his first marriage and two daughters from his current marriage. His son Georgy Yatskovsky, is a student of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. He is fluent in English, Arabic, German and Polish.
# Şehzade Bayezid (son of Ahmed I)

Şehzade Bayezid (Ottoman Turkish: شهزاده بايزيد; November 1612 - 27 July 1635) was an Ottoman prince and son of Sultan Ahmed I.

## Life

He was born to Ahmed I and an unknown concubine. He was a few months younger than his half-brother Şehzade Murad (future sultan Murad IV). When Ahmed died on 22 November 1617, he was placed in the Kafes with his half brothers Mehmed, Murad, Selim, Suleiman, Kasim and Ibrahim in unknown period during the reign of his uncle sultan Mustafa I and half brother Osman II. After Mustafa was deposed and replaced by Osman, his half-brother Mehmed was executed under the orders of Osman one year before being murdered by his enemies, which brought Mustafa once again to the throne. After Mustafa was deposed for a second time, Bayezid's half-brother Murad was placed in the throne before him due to being older by a few months. However, on 27 July 1635, he was executed along with his half-brothers Suleiman and Selim. The orders were carried out by Murad, because he had reason to believe that the Janissaries were about to rebel to overthrow him.

## Death

He was murdered under the orders of Murad, on 27 July 1635, in Topkapı Palace due to some rumors that Murad's enemies wanted Bayezid enthroned. He was buried in the Ahmed I Mausoleum, Sultan Ahmed Mosque.

## In literature and popular culture

* Jean Racine wrote a play called Bajazet which was based on the life of Şehzade who was preferred on the throne over the existing sultan his brother Murad IV.
* Şehzade Bayezid is portrayed by Yiğit Uçan in the 2015 Turkish historical non-fiction TV series Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem. In the series, he is the son of a fictional concubine named Gülbahar Sultan, and his death does not match the historical one, although he is still executed by Murad.
# Fairfield Hospital (Sydney)

The Fairfield Hospital is a general hospital located in Prairiewood, a western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Located in the City of Fairfield, it has about 200 beds and provides general medical, physiotherapy, general surgical, obstetric, paediatric, emergency, ambulatory care, and drug health services.
In addition to its district hospital level role, Fairfield Hospital hosts two major specialist units. It hosts the major specialist hand surgery unit for South Western Sydney. It is also the major elective orthopaedic surgery site for the area, and is the host of the Whitlam Joint Replacement Centre. Patients from Fairfield can also be transferred to Liverpool Hospital, which is the second largest hospital in the state with 900+ beds and significantly larger surgical & life support services available.
An onsite academic unit affiliated with UNSW (University of New South Wales) Medicine provides general practice services, medical education and training, and conducts primary care, health services and health informatics research.

## History

The hospital opened at its current location in Prairiewood in 1988, after relocating from the old site on The Horsley Drive in Fairfield.
# List of office suites

In computing, an office suite is a collection of productivity software usually containing at least a word processor, spreadsheet and a presentation program. There are many different brands and types of office suites.

## Office suites
### Free and open source suites

* AndrOpen Office – available for Android
* Apache OpenOffice – available for Linux, macOS and Windows
* Calligra Suite – available for FreeBSD, Linux, macOS and Windows
* Collabora Online – available for Android, ChromeOS, iOS, iPadOS, Linux, macOS, online and Windows
* LibreOffice – available for Linux, macOS and Windows, and unofficial: Android, ChromeOS, FreeBSD, Haiku, iOS, iPadOS, OpenBSD, NetBSD and Solaris
* Nextcloud – online collaboration suite, available for Android, iOS, Linux, macOS and Windows
* ONLYOFFICE – available for Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, online and Windows

### Freeware and proprietary suites

* Ability Office – available for Windows
* Google Workspace – available for Android, ChromeOS, iOS, iPadOS, Linux, macOS, online and Windows
* Hancom Office – available for Windows
* Ichitaro – a Japanese-language suite available for Windows
* iWork – available for iOS, iPadOS, macOS and online
* Lark – available for iOS, iPadOS, macOS, online Windows, and Android
* Microsoft 365 – available for Android, iOS, iPadOS, macOS, online and Windows
* MobiOffice – available for Android, iOS and Windows
* Polaris Office – available for iOS, macOS and Windows
* SoftMaker Office – available for Android, iOS, iPadOS, Linux, macOS and Windows
* Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware – online content management
* WordPerfect Office – available for Windows
* WPS Office – available for Android, iOS, macOS, Linux and Windows
* Zoho Office Suite

## Discontinued office suites

* AppleWorks
* Aster*x
* AUIS – an office suite developed by Carnegie Mellon University and named after Andrew Carnegie
* Breadbox Office – DOS software
* Corel WordPerfect for DOS
* EasyOffice
* Hancom Office Suite (formerly ThinkFree Office)
* IBM Lotus SmartSuite
* IBM Lotus Symphony
* IBM Works – an office suite for the IBM OS/2 operating system
* Interleaf
* Jambo OpenOffice, an abandoned project to translate the OpenOffice.org project into Swahili
* Lotus Jazz – Mac sister product to Lotus Symphony
* Lotus Symphony
* Microsoft Works
* NeoOffice – available for macOS
* Picsel Smart Office
* QuickOffice
* Siag Office
* Sim desk – online office suite from Simdesk Technologies, Inc
* StarOffice – continued as open source suite OpenOffice.org then LibreOffice
# Doorada Betta

Doorada Betta (pronunciation transl. Faraway mountain) is a 1973 Kannada-language film directed by Siddalingaiah. The film starred Rajkumar and Bharathi Vishnuvardhan in lead roles with Balakrishna, K. S. Ashwath, Leelavathi and Sampath playing supporting roles. The film, along with Mooruvare Vajragalu was Rajkumar's last movie in black-and-white (though this movie did have a few sequences in colour). This movie was the last venture featuring the celebrated team — Rajkumar, Siddalingaiah and Bharathi.
This was the last film where Rajkumar and Bharathi were seen together. It was also Rajkumar's last collaboration with Siddalingaiah. This is also the only Kannada movie where popular singer Asha Bhonsle has lent her voice for a song and dance number. The movie saw a modest theatrical run.

## Cast

* Rajkumar as Shiva
* Bharathi Vishnuvardhan as Gowri
* K. S. Ashwath
* Leelavathi
* Balakrishna
* Sampath
* M. P. Shankar
* Dwarakish
* Chi. Udayashankar
* Loknath
* Shani Mahadevappa
* Bangalore Nagesh
* Joker Shyam
* H. R. Shastry
* Sathyan
* Kannada Raju
* Comedian Guggu
* Y. R. Ashwath Narayan
* Chaluvali Narayan
* Papamma as Bhadrakali
* Ramadevi
* Jorge Indira
* Master Basavaraj
* Usha Chauhan

## Soundtrack

Music for the film and its soundtrack was composed by G. K. Venkatesh, with lyrics for the soundtrack written by Chi. Udaya Shankar. The soundtrack album includes tracks from P. Susheela, P. B. Sreenivas, A. Mothi and Asha Bhosle.
# Charles Strickland Standish

Charles Strickland Standish (March 1790 – 10 June 1863) was a British Whig politician.
Standish was first elected a Whig Member of Parliament for Wigan at the 1837 general election where he served as a representative for the constituency. He held the seat until 1841 when he was defeated in an electoral contest. However, after an election petition unseated Thomas Bright Crosse, he was re-elected for the Wigan constituency, resuming his role as a Member of Parliament. He continued to serve until 1847, when he did not seek re-electionmarking the conclusion of his parliamentary career.
Standish was Lord of the manor of Standish, in Lancashire.
# Marião

Mário Gomes Amado (3 August 1952 – 24 August 2011), better known as Marião, was a Brazilian professional footballer and manager. He played as a centre-back.

## Career

He played for major Brazilian football clubs as a central defender during the late 1970s, with emphasis on SC Internacional and São Paulo FC. He was a champion of the 1980 Campeonato Paulista. He also won state titles with Sport in the early 80s. As a coach, he worked on teams in the city of São José dos Campos, being runner-up in Série A3 in 2006 with São José, and the first coach of Primeira Camisa, a project club by the player Roque Júnior.

## Honours
### Operário-MS

* Campeonato Mato-Grossense: 1974

### São Paulo

* Campeonato Paulista: 1980

### Sport

* Campeonato Pernambucano: 1981, 1982

## Death

Marião died on 24 August 2011, aged 59, victim of a cardiac arrest.
# Alex Lopez (politician)

Alexander Tantoco Lopez (born November 15, 1958) is a Filipino lawyer, businessman, and government official currently serving as the chairperson of the Philippine Reclamation Authority under the administration of President Bongbong Marcos. He is the son of former Manila Mayor Mel Lopez, and brother of former Manila 1st district congressman Manny Lopez. He is also the chairperson and CEO of Pacific Concrete Products Inc.

## Legal career

A graduate of Ateneo Law in 1985, Lopez worked for his father as his chief of staff and personal assistant.

## Political career

Lopez ran for Mayor in 2022 elections under Partido Federal ng Pilipinas, with Raymond Bagatsing as his running mate, (under of Kilusang Bagong Lipunan).
During the 2022 general election, almost two years after the sale was settled in Divisoria, the subject matter resurfaced after he said its sale lacked transparency and threatened to press charges against then-Mayor Isko Moreno and the city council. Moreno refuted Lopez's allegations as misleading and politically motivated, and said no violations were made as everything was done with due process and was well-documented. Moreno also said some of the vendors and representatives of Divisoria Public Market Credit Cooperative may have been manipulated by Lopez to spread black propaganda and sensationalize the issue for personal interests. He and Bagatsing two was defeated by incumbent Vice Mayor Honey Lacuna and congressman Yul Servo.
He filed an electoral protest against Lacuna's mayoral victory, alleging "electoral frauds, irregularities, and anomalies" within the election. On October 6, 2022, the Commission on Elections dismissed the protest, citing the lack of evidence as well as the usage of baseless claims.

## Cabinet-level positions

In 2023 he was appointed by President Bongbong Marcos as new chairman of the Philippine Reclamation Authority.
Lopez is the sublessor to a POGO company in Pasay. As Pacific Concrete Products Inc. chairman and CEO, he leased the building's ground floor to 3D Analyzer Information Technologies Inc., which was raided by law enforcement officers in 2024.

## Electoral performance
### 2022

Manila Mayoral Election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Asenso | Honey Lacuna | 538,595 | 63.68 |
| | PFP | Alexander Lopez | 166,908 | 19.74 |
| | KABAKA | Amado Bagatsing | 118,694 | 14.03 |
| | Reporma | Cristina Lim-Raymundo | 14,857 | 1.76 |
| | PRP | Elmer Jamias | 4,057 | 0.48 |
| | Independent | Onofre Abad | 2,618 | 0.31 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 845,729 | 100.00 |
| | Asenso hold | Asenso hold | Asenso hold | Asenso hold |

### 2019

2019 Philippine House of Representatives election in the 2nd District of Manila :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Asenso | Rolan Valeriano | 34,861 | 36.52 |
| | Nacionalista | Alexander Lopez | 32,215 | 33.75 |
| | NUP | Rodolfo "Ninong" Lacsamana | 28,379 | 29.73 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 95,455 | 100.00 |
| | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban |
# Erich Hoffmann

Erich Hoffmann (25 April 1868 – 8 May 1959) was a German dermatologist who was a native of Witzmitz, Pomerania.
He studied medicine at the Berlin Military Academy, and was later a professor at the Universities of Halle and Bonn.
Hoffmann is remembered for his research performed with zoologist Fritz Schaudinn (1871-1906) at the Charité Clinic in Berlin. In 1905 Schaudinn and Hoffmann discovered the bacterium that was responsible for syphilis, a spiral-shaped spirochete called Treponema pallidum, which they first called Spirochaeta pallida. The organism was removed from a papule in the vulva of a woman with secondary syphilis. The two doctors documented their findings in a treatise called Vorläufiger Bericht über das Vorkommen von Spirochaeten in syphilitischen Krankheitsprodukten und bei Papillome.
Hoffmann left Germany during the era of National Socialism, but returned to Bonn after the war and established a laboratory. In the late 1940s he published two books about his life in medicine, titled "Wollen und Schaffen" and "Ringen um Vollendung".

## Selected publications

* Hoffmann, Erich (1906). Die Ätiologie der Syphilis. Berlin: Verlag von Julius Springer. ISBN 9783642917196.
# Puffinus calhouni

Puffinus calhouni is an extinct species of Puffinus that lived during the Late Miocene.

## Distribution

P. calhouni fossils are known from Laguna Hills in Orange County, California.
# Alex Lopez (politician)

Alexander Tantoco Lopez (born November 15, 1958) is a Filipino lawyer, businessman, and government official currently serving as the chairperson of the Philippine Reclamation Authority under the administration of President Bongbong Marcos. He is the son of former Manila Mayor Mel Lopez, and brother of former Manila 1st district congressman Manny Lopez. He is also the chairperson and CEO of Pacific Concrete Products Inc.

## Legal career

A graduate of Ateneo Law in 1985, Lopez worked for his father as his chief of staff and personal assistant.

## Political career

Lopez ran for Mayor in 2022 elections under Partido Federal ng Pilipinas, with Raymond Bagatsing as his running mate, (under of Kilusang Bagong Lipunan).
During the 2022 general election, almost two years after the sale was settled in Divisoria, the subject matter resurfaced after he said its sale lacked transparency and threatened to press charges against then-Mayor Isko Moreno and the city council. Moreno refuted Lopez's allegations as misleading and politically motivated, and said no violations were made as everything was done with due process and was well-documented. Moreno also said some of the vendors and representatives of Divisoria Public Market Credit Cooperative may have been manipulated by Lopez to spread black propaganda and sensationalize the issue for personal interests. He and Bagatsing two was defeated by incumbent Vice Mayor Honey Lacuna and congressman Yul Servo.
He filed an electoral protest against Lacuna's mayoral victory, alleging "electoral frauds, irregularities, and anomalies" within the election. On October 6, 2022, the Commission on Elections dismissed the protest, citing the lack of evidence as well as the usage of baseless claims.

## Cabinet-level positions

In 2023 he was appointed by President Bongbong Marcos as new chairman of the Philippine Reclamation Authority.

## Business career

Lopez is the sublessor to a POGO company in Pasay. As Pacific Concrete Products Inc. chairman and CEO, he leased the building's ground floor to 3D Analyzer Information Technologies Inc., which was raided by law enforcement officers in 2024.

## Electoral performance
### 2022

Manila Mayoral Election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Asenso | Honey Lacuna | 538,595 | 63.68 |
| | PFP | Alexander Lopez | 166,908 | 19.74 |
| | KABAKA | Amado Bagatsing | 118,694 | 14.03 |
| | Reporma | Cristina Lim-Raymundo | 14,857 | 1.76 |
| | PRP | Elmer Jamias | 4,057 | 0.48 |
| | Independent | Onofre Abad | 2,618 | 0.31 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 845,729 | 100.00 |
| | Asenso hold | Asenso hold | Asenso hold | Asenso hold |

### 2019

2019 Philippine House of Representatives election in the 2nd District of Manila :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Asenso | Rolan Valeriano | 34,861 | 36.52 |
| | Nacionalista | Alexander Lopez | 32,215 | 33.75 |
| | NUP | Rodolfo "Ninong" Lacsamana | 28,379 | 29.73 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 95,455 | 100.00 |
| | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban | Asenso gain from PDP–Laban |
# Henry Meyerding

Henry Meyerding (1828–1897) was an American politician who served as a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from the 23rd district during the 16th Minnesota Legislative Session in 1874.

## Early life and career

Henry Meyerding resided in Saint Paul, Minnesota and worked as a cabinetmaker prior to and during his term in office.

## Political career

Meyerding was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives from the 23rd district on November 4, 1873. His term began on January 6, 1874, and concluded on January 4, 1875. He represented Ramsey County, Minnesota.
Meyerding served on the following committees:
* Committee on Education
* Committee on the Hospital for the Insane