# Horton Hears a Who! (film)

Horton Hears a Who! (also known as Dr. Seuss' Horton Hears a Who! or simply Horton) is a 2008 American animated adventure musical comedy film based on the 1954 book of the same name by Dr. Seuss, produced by Blue Sky Studios and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The film was directed by Jimmy Hayward and Steve Martino, from a screenplay written by the writing team of Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio. It stars the voices of Jim Carrey and Steve Carell as Horton the Elephant and Mayor Ned McDodd, respectively, alongside Carol Burnett, Will Arnett, Seth Rogen, Dan Fogler, Isla Fisher, Jonah Hill, and Amy Poehler. Recurring Blue Sky collaborator John Powell composed the film's musical score. It is the fourth screen adaptation of the book following the 1970 Chuck Jones television special, the 1987 Soviet animated short, and the 1992 Russian animated short.
The film was released theatrically on March 14, 2008, to generally positive reviews, and grossed $298 million on a budget of $85 million. Horton Hears a Who! was the third Dr. Seuss feature film adaptation, the first adaptation to be fully animated using CGI technology, the first and so far only theatrical film adaptation to receive positive reviews, and the second Dr. Seuss film starring Jim Carrey after How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000).

## Plot

In the Jungle of Nool, Horton the Elephant, the jungle's eccentric nature teacher, hears a tiny yelp coming from a floating dust speck and gives chase to it before placing it on top of a flower. Horton finds out the speck harbors the city of Whoville and its inhabitants, the Whos, led by Mayor Ned McDodd, whose family includes his wife, Sally; 96 daughters whose names all begin with the letter H; and one teenage son named JoJo. Despite being the oldest child and next in line for the mayoral position, JoJo does not want to be the next mayor, and he does not speak due to his fear of disappointing his father.
Once Horton begins carrying the speck with him, the city starts experiencing strange phenomena (earthquakes and changes in the weather), and the mayor finds his attempts to caution Whoville challenged by the town council, led by the opportunistic yet condescending chairman.
After he makes contact with Horton, the mayor finds out from Dr. Mary Lou LaRue that Whoville will be destroyed if Horton does not find a safe location for the speck to reside. With the help of his best friend Morton the mouse, Horton decides to place the speck atop Mt. Nool, the safest place in the jungle. The head of the jungle, the Sour Kangaroo, who despises Horton for his lackadaisical influence on the children and subsequently "pouch-schooling" her son Rudy, demands numerous times that Horton give up the speck for overshadowing her authority, but Horton refuses. Also taking force toward Horton are the Wickersham Brothers, a group of monkeys and lackeys to the Kangaroo who like to cause havoc around the jungle. Eventually, the Kangaroo, refusing to believe that the Whos exist, enlists a sinister but idiotic vulture named Vlad Vladikoff to get rid of the speck by force.
After a few failed attempts, Vlad manages to steal the flower away from Horton and drops it into a massive field of identical pink flowers causing an apocalyptic tremor in Whoville. After unsuccessfully picking flowers all day, Horton eventually recovers the flower (exactly the 3,000,000th flower), also revealing himself to the rest of Whoville, who have largely survived. The Kangaroo eventually finds out that Horton still has the speck, fires Vlad, and rallies the Wickersham Brothers and the other animals of Nool into capturing Horton, preying on their fears that their own children will become chaotic delinquents under his influence.
Upon an angry mob, stampeding to Horton and cornering him, the Kangaroo offers Horton a final chance to renounce Whoville's existence. Horton refuses, and despite the heartfelt speech that he gives, the Kangaroo orders the animals to rope and cage him, and to have the speck and Whoville destroyed in a pot of boiling beezlenut oil. The Mayor enlists all of his people to make noise, so that all the animals will find out they're really there, assisted by JoJo's "Symphonophone", an invention which creates a huge musical contribution and reveals that JoJo's true passion is music, but still fails to penetrate the surface of the speck.
The Kangaroo snatches the flower from the captured Horton and prepares to drop it into the pot. Meanwhile, JoJo grabs the horn used to project Horton's voice, runs up the highest tower, and screams his first word, breaking through the sound barrier just seconds before the speck hits the oil, and causing the rest of the animals to hear them. Rudy grabs the flower just in time and returns the flower to Horton, who the other animals release. Horton forgives the ostracized Kangaroo, who in turn provides a makeshift umbrella for Whoville while Horton carries them to Mt. Nool. The Whos and the animals of Nool say farewell to each other by singing "Can't Fight This Feeling", and it is revealed that the Jungle of Nool (and Earth as a whole) is just one speck, like Whoville, among numerous others floating in space.

## Voice cast

* Jim Carrey as Horton, an eccentric, outgoing and good-hearted elephant and teacher in the Jungle of Nool who possesses acute hearing abilities. Unlike regular elephants, he lacks tusks.
* Steve Carell as Mayor Ned McDodd, the high-strung yet good-hearted mayor of Whoville who has 96 daughters, 1 son named JoJo, and a wife named Sally.
* Carol Burnett as the Sour Kangaroo, an egomaniacal kangaroo who mistrusts and sees Horton's inquisitive nature as a threat to her legal authority over Nool.
* Will Arnett as Vlad Vladikoff, a scary, savage, ravenous, and murderous yet goofy, eccentric, and idiotic vulture with a slight Russian accent hired by the Sour Kangaroo to steal Horton's clover.
* Seth Rogen as Morton, a mouse and Horton's best friend in the Jungle of Nool who at first does not believe his story, but still helps him.
* Dan Fogler as the Chairman/Vonford, the chairman of the Whoville government and the lead Whoville councilman, who is dedicated to traditions and mistrustful of Mayor McDodd.
** Fogler also voices Yummo Wickersham, the largest and oldest of the Wickersham apes, who acts as their leader, and the older brother of Nits and Nuts Wickersham.
* Isla Fisher as Dr. Mary Lou LaRue, a professor, scientist and inventor at Who U.
* Jonah Hill as Tommy, a fat bear cub and one of Horton's students.
* Amy Poehler as Sally O'Malley-McDodd, Mayor McDodd's wife and mother to Jojo and her 96 daughters.
* Jaime Pressly as Mrs. Quilligan, Jessica's blue-headed mother.
* Jesse McCartney as JoJo McDodd, Mayor McDodd and Sally O'Malley's quiet (until the end) oldest son and the elder brother of his 96 sisters who be the Whoville.
** Fletcher Sheridan provides JoJo's singing voice in the film's final song.
* Josh Flitter as Rudy Kangaroo, the Sour Kangaroo's doubtful son who is much kinder than his mother.
* Niecy Nash as Miss Yelp, Mayor McDodd's secretary.
* Laura Ortiz as Jessica Quilligan, a Red-Headed Palooski, Mrs. Quilligan's daughter, and one of Horton's students.
* Colleen O'Shaughnessey as Angela, a female glummox deer and one of Horton's students.
* Joey King as Katie, a cute and eccentric yet odd yak calf and one of Horton's students.
* Bill Farmer as Willie, Tommy's father.
* Marshall Efron and Tim Nordquist as Nits and Nuts Wickersham and other Wickershams, Yummo's younger brothers, henchmen and guards.
* Heather Goldenhersh as Who Girl
* Selena Gomez as Helga McDodd, one of the Mayor's daughters.
* Charles Osgood as the Narrator
* Laraine Newman as Glummox Mom, Angela's mother.

## Animals from the Jungle of Nool

Other animals that appear as residents of the Jungle of Nool are Glummoxes (including Angela and her mother), Palooskis (including Jessica and her mother, Mrs. Quilligan), Deer Whose-horns-are-connected-from-one-to-the-other (including those that lack the antlers), from If I Ran the Zoo, Zatz-its from On Beyond Zebra!, Long-Legger Kwongs and Ruffle-Necked Sala-ma-gooxes from Scrambled Eggs Super!, other yaks (which resembled the Yawning Yellow Yak from Dr. Seuss's ABC), other bears (which like Tommy and his father Willie and unlike most bears (especially ones from other Dr. Seuss's stories) have muzzles which shape like and resemble those of a bovidae and hippo snouts and have stripes), Ninks (anteater-like creatures, which resemble walking vacuum cleaners) from There's a Wocket in My Pocket, and Zongs (lizard-like creatures, which have spines and, unlike regular lizards, have fur, and tufts on their tails, from Oh, the Thinks You Can Think!), which were designed by Jason Sadler, a former animator, storyboard artist, designer, and voice actor on Dick Figures, who also works for Blue Sky Studios as a character designer, and was also famous for Happy Tree Friends as an animator, storyboard artist, director, and writer. He would later work as a character designer for Rio.

## Production

After the critical and commercial failure of the 2003 film The Cat in the Hat, Dr. Seuss' widow, Audrey Geisel, was so dissatisfied with the film that she then decided not to allow any more live-action feature films based on his work. In March 2005, as Blue Sky Studios was completing Robots, the studio and 20th Century Fox Animation president Chris Meledandri approached Geisel about getting the adaptation rights for Horton Hears a Who!. The art director for Robots, Steve Martino, along with story consultant and additional scene director Jimmy Hayward, created a model of protagonist Horton and some animation tests to showcase their design ideas to Geisel, who eventually agreed on "a seven-figure deal" for both the book and its predecessor Horton Hatches the Egg. Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio were then hired to write the script, to be directed by Hayward and Martino with a set release date of early 2008.
Geisel was credited as an executive producer and watched production up close, and also gave the directors full access to her late husband's archives, including his original sketches, 3-D sculptures, work done for the film The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T. (1953), and even memos Dr. Seuss traded with Chuck Jones during the production of the Grinch TV special. For references in doing the character animation, along with footage of the voice actors performing their lines, the Blue Sky animators recorded themselves performing the script in an "acting room" to see what of their body language could translate well into the film.
To make Horton different from the mammoths Blue Sky created for the Ice Age series, he would at times stand and walk upright and bipedally on two legs in a way that made him look like "a fat man in an elephant suit". The directors noticed Horton's design in the book varied according to his emotion, and the 3D wireframe tried to allow for the same effects, with a bigger mouth to allow for wider facial expressions like those of Jim Carrey.

## Soundtrack

The original score for the film's soundtrack album was composed by John Powell. A soundtrack consisting of the film's score was released on March 25, 2008, by Varèse Sarabande. Near the end of the picture, the cast comes together and sings the song "Can't Fight This Feeling" by REO Speedwagon.
Other songs featured in the film include:
| Title | Performer |
| "Can't Fight This Feeling" | Jim Carrey, Steve Carell, Amy Poehler, Carol Burnett, Dan Fogler, Seth Rogen, Will Arnett and Fletcher Sheridan |
| "Quickie" | Thomas Foyer |
| "Swingville Sashay" | Muff & Rezz |
| "Água Melão" | Gilberto Cândido |
| "The Blue Danube" | Johann Strauss II |

## Reception
### Critical reception

On Rotten Tomatoes 79% of 136 reviews were positive, with an average rating of 7/10. The site's consensus reads, "Horton Hears A Who! is both whimsical and heartwarming, and is the rare Dr. Seuss adaptation that stays true to the spirit of the source material." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 71 out of 100 based on 31 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film version an "A−" grade on an "A+" to "F" scale.
Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter called it "a delight, brimming with colorful, elastic characters and bountiful wit."
John Anderson of Variety wrote: "The real stars of the movie are the animators, who imbue even the overgrowth in Horton's jungle with a certain floppy Seuss-ishness."

### Box office

Horton Hears a Who! grossed a total of $298.5 million on an $85 million budget. $154.5 million came from the United States and Canada, and $145 million from other territories.
In its opening weekend, the film grossed $45 million in 3,954 theaters, averaging $11,384 per theater in the United States and Canada, and ranking #1 at the box office. The film also had the strongest opening for a film starring Jim Carrey since Bruce Almighty, with the same applying to his costar in both films, Steve Carell.
The film previously had the fourth-largest opening weekend in March, behind Ice Age, Ice Age: The Meltdown and 300, and as of September 2012, it ranks 15th place. In the United States and Canada, Horton Hears a Who! was also the #1 film its second weekend of release, grossing $25 million over the Easter frame, in 3,961 theaters and averaging $6,208 per venue. It dropped to #2 in its third weekend grossing $17.8 million in 3,826 theaters and averaging $4,637 per venue. At the international box office it remained at #1 in its third week.

### Interpretations

Horton Hears a Who!, like other Dr. Seuss creations, contains layered subtexts and messages. A major theme regards learning about universal values between vastly different places and people, as shown by the quote "A person's a person, no matter how small". This is employed on many levels: primarily with Horton and the Mayor of Whoville making contact and championing each other to the point where everyone around them eventually learns the truth about the speck that Whoville resides on; but also with the Mayor and Sour Kangaroo's relationships with their respective sons, Horton and the Mayor being challenged by Sour Kangaroo and the chairman, the fickle herd mentality of the jungle community (save Horton's students and Morton) and Horton still forgiving Sour Kangaroo, and the ending shot of all of the worlds being specks in space.

### Awards

| Award | Category | Nominee | Result |
| Annie Awards | Outstanding Animated Effects | Alen Lai | Nominated |
| Annie Awards | Outstanding Character Animation in a Feature Production | Jeff Gabor | Nominated |
| Annie Awards | Outstanding Character Design in an Animated Feature Production | Sang Jun Lee | Nominated |
| Annie Awards | Outstanding Music in an Animated Feature Production | John Powell | Nominated |
| Annie Awards | Outstanding Writing in an Animated Feature Production | Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio | Nominated |
| ASCAP Film and Television Music Awards | Top Box Office Films | John Powell for Bolt, Hancock, Horton Hears a Who! and Jumper | Won |
| Golden Reel Award | Best Sound Editing - Sound Effects, Foley, Music, Dialogue and ADR Animation in a Feature Film | Randy Thom, Dennis Leonard, Jonathan Null, Sue Fox, Thomas A. Carlson, Steve Slanec, Colette D. Dahanne, Pete Horner, Kyrsten Mate, Mac Smith, Jeremy Bowker, Andrea Gard, Ronni Brown, Ellen Heuer, Dennie Thorpe, Jana Vance | Nominated |
| Golden Trailer Awards | Best Animation/Family TV Spot for "Whomongous" | Horton Hears a Who! | Nominated |
| Houston Film Critics Society | Best Animated Feature Film | Horton Hears a Who! | Nominated |
| Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Voice From an Animated Movie | Jim Carrey | Nominated |
| IFMCA Awards | Best Original Score for an Animated Feature Film | John Powell | Nominated |
| Online Film Critics Society | Best Animated Feature | Horton Hears a Who! | Nominated |
| Satellite Awards | Best Motion Picture, Animated or Mixed Media | Horton Hears a Who! | Nominated |
| Satellite Awards | Best Original Score | John Powell | Nominated |
| Saturn Awards | Best Animated Film | Horton Hears a Who! | Nominated |
| Young Artist Award | Best Performance in a Voice-Over Role - Young Actress | | Selena Gomez | Nominated |
| Young Artist Award | Best Performance in a Voice-Over Role - Young Actress | | Shelby Adamowsky | Nominated |
| Young Artist Award | Best Performance in a Voice-Over Role - Young Actress | | Joey King | Nominated |

## Home media

Dr. Seuss' Horton Hears a Who! was released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 9, 2008. Three versions of the DVD are available: a single-disc edition, a 2-disc special edition, and a gift set packaged with a Horton plush. All three versions included the Ice Age short film Surviving Sid.
In the United States, the film earned $77,630,768 from DVD sales and $180,434 from Blu-ray sales for a total of $77,811,202 in video sales.