OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eleanor Bernert Sheldon

Eleanor Harriet Bernert Sheldon (March 19, 1920 – May 8, 2021) was an American sociologist who was president of the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) from 1972 to 1979, and was one of the key pioneers in the use of social indicators in sociology. In the 1970s, as multinational corporations recognized the need to appoint women to their boards of directors, Sheldon became the first woman to serve on the boards of several major companies, including Citibank, Mobil, Heinz, and Equitable Holdings.

## Education and career

Sheldon was an alumna of Colby-Sawyer College, graduating in 1940, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, graduating in 1942. After working in Washington DC in the Office of Population Research, Bureau of Agricultural Economics, and Department of Agriculture, she completed her Ph.D. in 1949 as a William Rainey Harper Fellow at the University of Chicago. She taught sociology at Columbia University from 1951 to 1952, and in the late 1950s and early 1960s, worked in the school of nursing at the University of California, Los Angeles. Prior to joining the SSRC as president, she worked at the Russell Sage Foundation.

## Books

Sheldon wrote or edited multiple books, including:
* Local Community Fact Book of Chicago (edited as Eleanor H. Bernert with Louis Wirth, University of Chicago Press, 1949)
* America's Children (as Eleanor H. Bernert, John Wiley & Sons, 1958)
* Pupils and Schools in New York City: a Fact Book (with Raymond A. Glazier, Russell Sage Foundation, 1965)
* Indicators of Social Change: Concepts and Measurements (with Wilbert E. Moore, Russell Sage Foundation, 1968)
* Family Economic Behavior: Problems and Perspectives (J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1973)

## Recognition

In 1971, she was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. She was also a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1991 she won the distinguished alumnus award of the University of North Carolina.

## Family Life

Sheldon was born as Eleanor Harriet Bernert on March 19, 1920, in Hartford, Connecticut to M.G. and Fannie (Myers) Bernert. She had 2 children named John Anthony Sheldon and James Sheldon Jr to James Sheldon Sr.
# London Film Critics' Circle Award for Supporting Actress of the Year

The London Film Critics Circle Award for Supporting Actress of the Year is an annual award given by the London Film Critics Circle.

## Winners
### 2010s

| Year | Winner | Film | Role |
| 2011 | Sareh Bayat | A Separation | Razieh |
| 2012 | Anne Hathaway | Les Misérables | Fantine |
| 2013 | Lupita Nyong'o | 12 Years a Slave | Patsey |
| 2014 | Patricia Arquette | Boyhood | Olivia Evans |
| 2015 | Kate Winslet | Steve Jobs | Joanna Hoffman |
| 2016 | Naomie Harris | Moonlight | Paula Harris |
| 2017 | Lesley Manville | Phantom Thread | Cyril Woodcock |
| 2017 | Lily Gladstone | Certain Women | Jamie |
| 2017 | Holly Hunter | The Big Sick | Beth Gardner |
| 2017 | Allison Janney | I, Tonya | LaVona Golden |
| 2017 | Laurie Metcalf | Lady Bird | Marion McPherson |
| 2018 | Rachel Weisz | The Favourite | Sarah Churchill |
| 2018 | Elizabeth Debicki | Widows | Alice |
| 2018 | Cynthia Erivo | Bad Times at the El Royale | Darlene Sweet |
| 2018 | Claire Foy | First Man | Janet Armstrong |
| 2018 | Regina King | If Beale Street Could Talk | Sharon Rivers |
| 2019 | Laura Dern | Marriage Story | Nora Fanshaw |
| 2019 | Jennifer Lopez | Hustlers | Ramona Vega |
| 2019 | Florence Pugh | Little Women | Amy March |
| 2019 | Margot Robbie | Bombshell | Kayla Pospisil |
| 2019 | Tilda Swinton | The Souvenir | Rosalind |

### 2020s

| Year | Winner | Film | Role |
| 2020 | Maria Bakalova | Borat Subsequent Moviefilm | Tutar Sagdiyev |
| 2020 | Ellen Burstyn | Pieces of a Woman | Elizabeth Weiss |
| 2020 | Essie Davis | Babyteeth | Anna Finlay |
| 2020 | Jennifer Ehle | Saint Maud | Amanda Köhl |
| 2020 | Amanda Seyfried | Mank | Marion Davies |
| 2021 | Ruth Negga | Passing | Clare Bellew |
| 2021 | Jessie Buckley | The Lost Daughter | Young Leda |
| 2021 | Ariana DeBose | West Side Story | Anita |
| 2021 | Kirsten Dunst | The Power of the Dog | Rose Gordon |
| 2021 | Rita Moreno | West Side Story | Valentina |
| 2022 | Kerry Condon | The Banshees of Inisherin | Siobhán Súilleabháin |
| 2022 | Hong Chau | The Whale | Liz |
| 2022 | Dolly de Leon | Triangle of Sadness | Abigail |
| 2022 | Nina Hoss | Tár | Sharon Goodnow |
| 2022 | Guslagie Malanda | Saint Omer | Laurence Coly |
| 2023 | Da'Vine Joy Randolph | The Holdovers | Mary Lamb |
| 2023 | Claire Foy | All of Us Strangers | Adam's mother |
| 2023 | Sandra Hüller | The Zone of Interest | Hedwig Höss |
| 2023 | Julianne Moore | May December | Gracie Atherton-Yoo |
| 2023 | Rosamund Pike | Saltburn | Lady Elspeth Catton |
| 2024 | Zoe Saldaña | Emilia Pérez | Rita Mora Castro |
| 2024 | Michele Austin | Hard Truths | Chantelle |
| 2024 | Danielle Deadwyler | The Piano Lesson | Berniece |
| 2024 | Margaret Qualley | The Substance | Sue |
| 2024 | Isabella Rossellini | Conclave | Sister Agnes |
# Positive

Positive is a property of positivity and may refer to:

## Mathematics and science

* Positive formula, a logical formula not containing negation
* Positive number, a number that is greater than 0
* Plus sign, the sign "+" used to indicate a positive number
* Positive operator, a type of linear operator in mathematics
* Positive result, a result that has been found significant in statistical hypothesis testing
* Positive test, a diagnostic test result that indicates some parameter being evaluated was present
* Positive charge, one of the two types of electrical charge
* Positive (electrical polarity), in electrical circuits
* Positive lens, in optics
* Positive (photography), a positive image, in which the color and luminance correlates directly with that in the depicted scene
* Positive sense, said of an RNA sequence that codes for a protein

## Philosophy and humanities

* Affirmative (policy debate), the team which affirms the resolution
* Negative and positive rights, concerning the moral obligation of a person to do something for/to someone
* Positive economics, in economics, about predictions of behavior of economic actors, as opposed to the normative aspect
* Positive law, man-made law (statutes) in contrast with natural law (derived from deities or morality)
* Positive liberty, the opportunity and ability to act to fulfill one's own potential
* Affirmative (linguistics), a property of a non-negated expression (the opposite of negative)
* Positive (linguistics), the form of an adjective or adverb on which comparative and superlative are formed with suffixes or the use of more or less
* Positive affectivity, the psychological capability to respond positively
* Positive psychology, a branch of psychology
* Positive statement, in economics and philosophy, a (possibly incorrect) factual statement about what is, as opposed to what should be (a normative statement)

## Films and television

* Positive (1990 film), a documentary film about AIDS and activism
* Positive (2007 film), a short film in Hindi on HIV and AIDS
* Positive (2008 film), a 2008 Malayalam language film directed by V. K. Prakash
* Positive (TV series), a Filipino drama series

## Music

* Positive (Peabo Bryson album)
* Positive (Tofubeats album)
* Positive (EP), the sixth EP by South Korean band Pentagon
* "Positive", a 1994 song by Baboon from Face Down in Turpentine
* "Positive", a 2011 song by Taio Cruz from TY.O
* "(Gotta Be) Positive", a song by Eddy Grant from Reparation
* Positive hardcore, a subgenre of hardcore punk
* Positive organ

## Other uses

* Positive sign, in western astrology, the supposedly extroverted personalities of the fire and air signs
# IDEA League

The IDEA League is an alliance among five leading European universities of technology:
* Chalmers University of Technology
* Delft University of Technology
* ETH Zürich
* Polytechnic University of Milan
* RWTH Aachen University
On October 6, 1999, the IDEA league was formed by the signing of a memorandum of understanding between four leading European universities of technology: Imperial College London, Delft University of Technology, ETH Zürich, and RWTH Aachen University. In 2006, ParisTech joined the collaboration. As of 2014, Chalmers University of Technology is a member of the IDEA League network. In 2016, Polytechnic University of Milan joined the IDEA League.
Each member has a respectable research-oriented profile and is the largest producer of engineering and science graduates in its own country. One of the IDEA League's main ambitions is to re-establish Europe as a technological and scientific leader by bundling academic resources and knowledge. The term IDEA comes from the first letter of each of the founding institutions.
Imperial College London confirmed its decision to withdraw from the IDEA League with effect from December 2012. At the end of 2013, Paris Tech left the IDEA League because the university was restructuring in connection with the newly created Paris-Saclay campus.
Currently, three schools of the members of the alliance offer a Joint Masters in Applied Geophysics, where students spend one semester at each university (Delft University of Technology, ETH Zürich and RWTH Aachen University), then spend the fourth semester doing their thesis at one of the schools or in industry. The programme builds on the strengths and the complementary expertise in Earth Science at the three universities. It offers a combination of study and research. During the program students can specialize in either hydrocarbon exploration and management or environmental and engineering investigations, including geothermal energy exploration and management, and will also receive a solid background in the other speciality.
Students of the IDEA League universities are represented by IDEALiStiC.

## Members
### Current Members

| Institution | Location | Established | Joined | Rector/President | Total Number of Students** |
| Delft University of Technology | Delft | 1842 | 1999 | Tim van der Hagen | 19,000 |
| ETH Zürich | Zürich | 1855 | 1999 | Günther Dissertori | 18,000 |
| RWTH Aachen | Aachen | 1870 | 1999 | Ulrich Rüdiger | 42,000 |
| Chalmers University of Technology | Gothenburg | 1829 | 2014 | Martin Nilsson Jacobi | 11,000 |
| Polytechnic University of Milan | Milan | 1863 | 2016 | Donatella Sciuto | 41,000 |
    Note: **incl. doctoral students, all numbers for 2008

### Former Members

| Institution | Location | Established | Joined | Left | Rector/President | Total Number of Students | Website |
| Imperial College | London | 1907 | 1999 | 2012 | Alice Gast | 16,610 (2015) | |
| ParisTech | Paris | 1991 | 2006 | 2013 | Jean-Philippe Vanot | 19,700 (2015) | |
# 2025 Nagpur violence

On March 17, 2025, communal violence erupted in Nagpur, Maharashtra, following demands by right-wing Hindu organizations to remove the tomb of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. The unrest was sparked after members of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad and Bajrang Dal staged a protest, during which they burned an effigy of Aurangzeb and chanted slogans calling for the tomb's removal.
* ↑ "Aurangzeb: Curfew in Indian city after violence over Mughal emperor's tomb". www.bbc.com. 2025-03-18. Retrieved 2025-03-18.
* ↑ Pal, Indrani (2025-03-17). "Nagpur violence LIVE Updates: Police conducts route march in violence-hit areas; probing instigation angle". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2025-03-18.
* ↑ "Aurangzeb's tomb isn't in Delhi or Nagpur, but in little-known Khuldabad. Why?". India Today. 2025-03-18. Retrieved 2025-03-18.
* ↑ Jadhav, Rajendra (18 March 2025). "India orders curfew after violence over tomb of 17th-century Muslim ruler". Reuters.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
# Dala, Nigeria

Dala is a densely populated Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria within Kano city created in May 1989 from the old Kano Municipal Local Government. It is located in the north-west part of the Kano metropolis. Its headquarter is in Gwammaja.

## History

Dala local government area was established in May 1989. It contains Dalla Hill from which it got its name and was once the capital of the Sultanate of Kano.

## Geography

It has an area of 19 km$^2$ and a population of 418,777 as at the 2006 census. It is thus the largest Local Government Area in Nigeria.
The postal code of the area is 700.

## Climate

In Dala Local Government Area, the dry season is partly cloudy, the wet season is oppressive and generally cloudy, and the weather is hot all year round. The average annual temperature fluctuates between 24°F and 101°F; it is rarely lower or higher than 27°F or 106°F.

## Economy

Among popular economic and commercial activities in Dala are dyeing, black smith, local bread making, pot making, farming, fishing, shoe making and other commercial undertakings.

## Religion

Most of the people residing in Dala are mostly Muslims.

## Politics

The Local Government is dubbed in (Hausa: Cibiyar Dimokaraɗiyyar Najeriya) meaning 'the Democratic Centre of Nigeria'.
Local MP in the National Assembly is Aliyu Sani Madaki.

## Dala Local Government Area's districts

Source:
* Makafin Dala
* Adakawa
* Dandunshe
* Gandu
* Tudun Yola
* Yalwa,
* Gadankaya
* Aburawa

## Education

One of Nigeria's unity schools, the Government Girls College is in Dala.

## Personalities

It is the residential place of the prominent politician Mallam Aminu Kano who was born in Sudawa Gwale Local Government but had his personal residence at Gwammaja Dala Local Government, his personal residence was converted to the Centre for Democratic Research and Training by the Federal Government in order to immortalize his name and preserve his teachings and ideas for future generations.
Another prominent resident is business mogul and Nigerian billionaire, Alhaji Aminu Dantata whose descendants migrated from Bebeji to Sarari / KoKi in Dala Local Government.
# Triazenes

Triazenes are organic compounds that contain the functional group R$^1$−N=N−NR$^2$R$^3$, where the R are each any of various types of substituent groups. Some medications and dyes are triazenes. Formally, the triazenes are related to the unstable chemical triazene, H$_2$N−N=NH.

## Production

Triazenes are prepared from the N-coupling reaction between diazonium salts and primary or secondary amines. The coupling reactions are typically mild, using a base such as sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate.
The diazonium reagents are themselves available starting from amines. For symmetrical triazenes derived from primary amines, partial diazotization gives a mixture of the original amine and its diazo derivative that then couple with each other. For example, 1,3-diphenyltriazene (PhN=N−NHPh) can be made from aniline in a one-pot reaction. For asymmetrical triazenes, for example (phenyldiazenyl)pyrrolidine (PhN=N−NC$_4$H$_8$), the phenyldiazonium salt must be pre-made.
Analogues of Tröger's base containing a symmetric pair of asymmetric triazene side-chains have been obtained similarly.

## Reactions and applications

Triazenes derived from primary amines engage in tautomerism. In the case of symmetric triazenes, the tautomers are identical.
Triazenes can be converted to diazonium salts.
Triazenes decompose in the presence of protonating or alkylating agents into quaternary amines and diazonium salts; as such triazenes have been used as an in situ source of diazonium that reacted with sodium sulfide to give the corresponding thiophenols. A strategy for the protection and deprotection of sensitive secondary amines is based on this principle.
Polymeric triazenes are applied as conductive and absorbent materials. Triazenes have been used in the synthesis of cinnoline, functionalized lactams, and coumarins.
# The Palace of the King of the Birds

"The Palace of the King of the Birds", also known as "The Castle of the King of the Birds", is a name given to an instrumental by the English rock band the Beatles. It was written by Paul McCartney and was originally recorded by the band during the Let It Be album sessions in three takes between 6 and 9 January, 1969, at Twickenham Film Studios. The recordings vary in length—the 6 January session is fourteen minutes one second long and turned into a loose jam, and was recorded with the demo of "Carry That Weight". The instrumental was used as the end-credits music for the first episode of the Disney+ documentary The Beatles: Get Back, in which it also makes a brief appearance earlier in the episode, where it was credited to Lennon/McCartney/Harrison/Starkey.
The track was later forgotten, until McCartney recorded a still unreleased version, in his solo recordings, named "The Castle of the King of the Birds"; this version was recorded for the unreleased album Rupert the Bear, sometime in 1978, with Wings with a duration of 1:42.

## Personnel for the January 9 version

* Paul McCartney – organ
* John Lennon – guitar or bass
* George Harrison – lead guitar, drums
* Ringo Starr – drums

## Reception

Music critic Richie Unterberger noted McCartney's "particularly elegiac" organ, and the "flowing, bluesy guitar lines", saying it was about as close as the band ever came to progressive rock jamming - "highly uncharacteristic territory for the group to be wandering into, but interesting precisely for that reason." Tom Taylor of Far Out Magazine put it at #1 in his list of "The 10 Greatest Unreleased Beatles Songs," praising the "effervescing melody that you could listen to all day." New York Magazine's Vulture website called each musical element "beautifully considered," saying "it's all very turn-off-your-mind-relax-and-float-downstream."
# Chris Smith (newsreader)

Christopher Smith is a British children’s author and radio newsreader. He co-wrote the Kid Normal series of books, presented Newsbeat on BBC Radio 1 and co-hosted the That's What He Said podcast alongside

## Early life

Smith was born in Kettering, England and grew up in Raunds. He studied English at Queen's University Belfast and was offered on-the-job training at a radio station afterwards. Then, he started reading the news on air.

## Radio

Smith first broadcast on Chiltern Radio in Dunstable, where he started as an intern and became trainee journalist afterwards. He then moved to the newly launched Heart 106.2 in London. He was the newsreader and cohost on the Christian O'Connell breakfast show on XFM London. When O'Connell moved to Virgin Radio (now Absolute Radio), Smith joined him. He left in 2007 and began reading the news on BBC Radio 1. He took over from Tulip Mazumdar as the regular afternoon newsreader in May 2011. These bulletins were simulcast on BBC Radio 1Xtra from September 2012. He regularly presented both the 12:45 and 17:45 Newsbeat programmes.
Smith joined Radio 1's Greg James Show regularly and took part in a number of segments during the show, when he was free of Newsbeat duties. Smith was also co-host of the "Greg James - That's What He Said Podcast", that started in October 2013 and was released every Friday until August 2018.
On the podcast, Smith established himself as a singer/songwriter by writing, producing and singing 'The Ghost Owl' song and the theme tune to the game 'Mug on a Dog'.
In March 2015, Smith travelled to Uganda alongside James, 1Xtra's Yasmin Evans and other celebrities including Alex Jones, Richard Hammond and Dermot O'Leary to participate in Comic Relief's Operation Health, a project to refurbish the Iyolwa Health Centre in eastern Uganda. Radio 1 listeners raised £551,405.
It was announced on the That's What He Said podcast that Smith would not be moving with Greg James to read the news on the Radio 1 Breakfast Show, and shortly after Greg left drivetime, Smith announced he was moving to an off-air role. He presented his final Newsbeat programme on Friday 10 August 2018, during which his colleagues paid tribute to him.

## Other work

Together with Greg James, Smith wrote a children's book titled Kid Normal. It was published by Bloomsbury on 13 July 2017 in the UK and is available in three languages, English, Spanish and German.
Smith features on the George Michael song "Outside". The track samples Smith reading the sentence "George Michael has been arrested in a park in Los Angeles" as part of a news bulletin. His voice is also heard towards the end of the Bad Education Movie reading out a news story about the resignation of a fictitious Conservative Member of Parliament for Cornwall.
# Tina Mapes

Tina Ann Mapes (born 21 January 1971) is an English football coach and former player, who represented the England women's national football team at senior international level. She played for England in the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup finals. She won the Women's FA Cup five times.

## Playing career
### Club

Mapes played with Reigate in the Sussex Martlet League, then signed for Millwall Lionesses in the Greater London League. Winning club Player of the Year in her first season, 1989–90, Mapes was also part of the Millwall team which won the 1991 Women's FA Cup when they defeated Doncaster Belles 1‍–‍0 at Prenton Park.
Millwall's squad broke up in the aftermath of that success and Mapes began 1991–92 with Wimbledon. Before the end of the season, the first with a National league structure in England, Mapes was scouted by Swedish second-level club Lindsdals IF. She joined the Swedes on a semi–pro basis, linking up with former Millwall teammate Karen Farley.
In 1994 Mapes was brought back to England by Croydon, whose player–manager Debbie Bampton was another member of Millwall's 1991 FA Cup winning team. Playing as a sweeper or central midfielder, Mapes helped her new club to a League and Cup double in 1996. Mapes converted her kick in the penalty shootout in the 1996 FA Women's Cup final win over Liverpool at the New Den. In the following year's competition, Mapes missed as Croydon lost a semi–final shootout to Millwall.
In 1997 Mapes signed for champions Arsenal. In the 1997–98 FA Women's Cup Mapes took part in another semi–final shootout, this time as an emergency goalkeeper after Arsenal's Sarah Reed had been sent off. Arsenal edged out Bradford City and Mapes collected another winner's medal when Arsenal beat Croydon 3–2 in the final. Mapes was an unused substitute in the 1999 FA Women's Cup final as Arsenal beat Southampton Saints 2‍–‍0. She won the FA Cup for a fifth time in 2000 when Croydon Women beat Doncaster Belles 2-1 at Bramall Lane. Mapes came on as a late substitute.

### National team

Mapes captained the Women's Football Association (WFA) England U–21 team. She made her senior debut before the Football Association (FA) took over women's football in 1993, but dropped out of contention while playing in Sweden.
She was given number 78 when the FA announced their legacy numbers scheme to honour the 50th anniversary of England's inaugural international.

## Coaching career

Mapes also has an UEFA A Licence in coaching working with many local clubs, she also tutors for the FA delivering level 1&2 coaching courses.

## Honours

Arsenal
* FA Cup: 1998–99
# Fangcun, Guangzhou

23°06′10″N 113°14′05″E﻿ / ﻿23.1029°N 113.2348°E﻿ / 23.1029; 113.2348
Fangcun (Chinese: 芳村; Jyutping: Fong1 Cyun1), formerly known as Fe Tee, Fa Ti, or Fati (Chinese: 花埭 / 花地; pinyin: Huādài / Huādì; Jyutping: Fa$^1$dei$^6$), from its Cantonese pronunciation, is a former area of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. It lay to the southwest of Guangzhou's central business district and south of the Pearl River. It was well known as the site of garden nurseries for flower and ornamental tree production as early as the 9th century, and the source of many "exotic" plants brought back to Europe in the 19th century. Fangcun became an independent district of Guangzhou known as the Fangcun District, then merged with the Liwan District in 2005.