# Springfield, Virginia

Springfield is a census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The Springfield CDP is recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau with a population of 31,339 as of the 2020 census. Previously, per the 2010 census, the population was 30,484. Homes and businesses in bordering CDPs including North Springfield, West Springfield, and Newington are usually given a Springfield mailing address. The population of the collective areas with Springfield addresses is estimated to exceed 100,000. The CDP is a part of Northern Virginia, the most populous region of the Washington Metropolitan Area.

## Geography

Springfield is located at 38°46′45″N 77°11′4″W﻿ / ﻿38.77917°N 77.18444°W﻿ / 38.77917; -77.18444 (38.779238, −77.184636).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.9 square miles (20.4 km$^2$), of which, 7.9 square miles (20.3 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km$^2$) of it (0.49%) is water.
The area is dominated by the interchange of I-95, I-395, and the Capital Beltway (I-495), known as the Springfield Interchange. The center of the town is at the intersection of Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road / Franconia Road) and Route 617 (Backlick Road) adjacent to the interchange. A significant commercial district exists around the interchange area, but the rest of the community is primarily residential in character.
According to the U.S. Postal Service, Springfield collectively has four ZIP codes:
* 22150 (often unofficially referred to as Central Springfield, this is the zip code for the actual Springfield CDP itself.)
* 22151 (North Springfield)
* 22152 (West Springfield)
* 22153 (Burke/West Springfield/Newington Forest)
The following are total area, water area, and land area statistics (in square miles) for the four Springfield zip codes:
| Zip code | Total area | Water area | Land area |
| 22150 | 7.88 sq mi. | 0.01 sq mi. | 7.87 sq mi. |
| 22151 | 5.28 sq mi. | 0.17 sq mi. | 5.11 sq mi. |
| 22152 | 6.16 sq mi. | 0.00 sq mi. | 6.16 sq mi. |
| 22153 | 8.36 sq mi. | 0.06 sq mi. | 8.30 sq mi. |
| Total | 28.50 sq mi. | 0.24 sq mi. | 28.27 sq mi. |

## History
### 19th century

A saw and grist mill was constructed in the vicinity of present-day Springfield between 1796 and 1800. Owned by James Keene, it gave its name to today's Old Keene Mill Road. The mill served farms in the area for around sixty years before its discontinuation when William H. Keene was convicted and imprisoned for the 1855 murder of Lewis Quincy Hall. Nothing remains of it today save for two mill races.
Springfield was founded in 1847 around the Orange and Alexandria Railroad's Daingerfield Station; this is today the Backlick Road Virginia Railway Express station, located off Backlick Road. The area was named for "Springfield Farm", owned by Henry Daingerfield, an Alexandria businessman who sat on the railroad's board of directors. The post office was completed sometime after 1851. It was in existence at the time of the American Civil War, being the site of a skirmish on October 3, 1861, and a Confederate raid on August 3, 1863. The station served as the first Springfield Post Office from 1866 to 1868.
In 1877, Richard Moore petitioned for a post office, which he named Moor; it was located about a little over a mile south of the station, near the intersection of Fairfax (now Old Keene Mill) and Backlick roads. The post office name was changed in 1881 to Garfield to honor the late President James A. Garfield, who had been assassinated that year.

### 20th century

In 1907, the Garfield post office closed and a new postal station named Corbett, after the then-landowner, opened back at the railroad station. The name "Springfield" was reinstated for good on June 27, 1910, although the name Garfield continued to appear on maps at least through the 1930s. The post office was moved to a new site in 1933.
Until at least 1946, Springfield remained a rural crossroads, when real estate developer Edward Carr decided to subdivide the area for suburban development along the recently opened Henry Shirley Highway (now I-95/I-395). Carr believed this to be the last easily accessible tract within 12 miles (19 km) of Washington, D.C., and the newly developed area grew quickly.
In 1950, the area had an estimated population of 1,000; Springfield United Methodist Church was established in 1954 and John Lewis High School (Formerly Robert E. Lee) was built in 1957. By 1960, the population was reported as over 10,000; it grew past 25,000 by 1970 with the North and West Springfield neighborhoods.
Between 1973 and 1975, Springfield became a major retail destination with the opening of the Springfield Mall, now Springfield Town Center. (the second regional shopping center in Northern Virginia after Tysons Corner), as well as the Springfield and Brookfield shopping centers.
In the 1980s and 1990s, retail and high-density housing expanded in the area, at least until the opening of the Franconia-Springfield Parkway in 1996, and the Franconia-Springfield Metro and Virginia Rail Express Station in 1997.

### 21st century

The mall was renovated and re-opened in 2014.

## Buildings

The center of Springfield is at Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road / Franconia Road) and Route 617. The old "Garfield" name still survives in the nearby Garfield Elementary School.
The Sydenstricker School, completed in 1928, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 30,484 people, 12,431 houses, and 7,472 families residing in the Springfield CDP. The population density was 3,869.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,494.0/km$^2$). There were 10,630 housing units at an average density of 1,345.6 per square mile (519.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 48.7% White, 9.0% African American, 0.7% Native American, 24.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 12.5% from other races, and 4.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 25.5% of the population.
As of 2000, there were 10,495 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.37. As of 2010, the average household size was 2.82.
In the Springfield CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.5% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 34.2% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males.
The median income for a household in the Springfield CDP as of 2010 was $84,309, and the median income for a family was $95,158. In 2000, males had a median income of $45,679 versus $36,075 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $36,405.
The zip code population totals for the entire Springfield community (as defined by USPS) were as follows:
* 22150: 22,208
* 22151: 16,587
* 22152: 28,236
* 22153: 33,177
* Total: 100,208

### Public safety

The Greater Springfield Volunteer Fire Department's fire station at 7011 Backlick Road provides fire and EMS services to Springfield.
The West Springfield District Police Station of the Fairfax County Police Department is at 6140 Rolling Road.

### Shopping

Springfield Mall was a large indoor shopping mall near the Springfield Interchange, the intersection of Interstate highways I-95 and I-495. It contained several anchor stores and a food court. In 2001, two of the hijackers in the September 11 attacks, Hani Hanjour and Khalid al-Mihdhar, illegally obtained state identification at the mall's DMV office. In 2005, gang members stabbed two people at the mall. and a fatal shooting occurred in December 2007.
In 2005, the mall was purchased by Vornado Realty Trust, which closed the structure, renovated and reopened it in 2014 as "Springfield Town Center".

## Transportation
### Roads

Central Springfield is dominated by the Springfield Interchange, popularly known as the "Mixing Bowl" or the "Melting Pot", a name taken from an earlier interchange near the Pentagon. The interchange includes three Interstates (I-95, I-395, and I-495), with two exits less than a half mile apart, with two roads (Commerce Street and Route 644 (Old Keene Mill Road / Franconia Road)) going over or under I-95 within less than a half mile, and is further complicated by the presence of a separate, reversible high-occupancy vehicle lane passing through the center of two of the interstates.
Built between 1999 and 2007 at a cost of $676 million, the Springfield Interchange Improvement Project was finished on time and on budget, according to the Virginia Department of Transportation, and dedicated on July 18, 2007, by Virginia Governor Timothy M. Kaine.

### Mass transit
#### Rail

* Virginia Railway Express commuter rail at the Backlick Road station and the Franconia-Springfield Station (Fredericksburg Line).
* Washington Metro's Blue Line at the Franconia–Springfield station

#### Bus

* Fairfax Connector bus
* Greyhound bus
* BestBus
* Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority bus
* OmniRide bus

### Airports

The closest airport to Springfield is the Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, in Crystal City, Virginia. Other airports include the Washington Dulles International Airport, located in Chantilly and Sterling, Virginia, as well as Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport in Linthicum, Maryland.

## Economy

The corporate headquarters of Ensco is physically located in the Ravensworth census-designated place, with a Springfield postal address.

## Education

Public schools in Springfield are run by Fairfax County Public Schools.
Some Springfield neighborhoods feed schools outside the census-designated place limits, such as the Lake Braddock, South County, and Hayfield districts. Likewise, some Springfield schools are fed by neighborhoods outside the CDP limits.
Elementary schools serving the Springfield area include: Cardinal Forest Elementary School (in West Springfield CDP), Crestwood Elementary School, Garfield Elementary School, Forestdale Elementary School, Hunt Valley Elementary School, Keene Mill Elementary School (West Springfield CDP), Kings Glen Elementary School, Kings Park Elementary School (in Kings Park CDP), Lynbrook Elementary School, Newington Forest Elementary School, North Springfield Elementary School (in North Springfield CDP), Orange Hunt Elementary School, Ravensworth Elementary School (in Ravensworth CDP), Rolling Valley Elementary School (West Springfield CDP), Sangster Elementary School, Springfield Estates Elementary School, Saratoga Elementary School, and West Springfield Elementary School (West Springfield CDP).
Middle schools serving Springfield include Francis Scott Key Middle School and Washington Irving Middle School (West Springfield CDP).
High schools serving Springfield include John Lewis High School (formerly Robert E. Lee) and West Springfield High School in West Springfield CDP; the latter is home to the West Springfield Dance Team, which appeared on the television show America's Got Talent.
Private schools in the vicinity of Springfield include St. Bernadette School (of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arlington) in West Springfield CDP, Springfield Academy, the Word of Life Christian Academy, Iqra Elementary, and Al-Qalam Academy.
The medical campus of Northern Virginia Community College is located in Springfield. It offers a variety of associates degrees and certificates.

## Notable people

* Abelhaleem Hasan Abdelraziq Ashqar, Palestinian convicted of criminal contempt and obstruction of justice for refusal to testify in a trial related to the funding of Hamas in the US
* Antonio Bustamante, soccer player who represented the Bolivia national team
* Ashley Johnson and Kelley Johnson, footballers
* Brian Birdwell, member of the Texas Senate
* Brian Carroll, soccer player
* Bobby Wahl, MLB pitcher
* Chip Rives, businessman and former athlete
* Christina Tosi, chef, author, and TV personality
* Dave Albo, former member of the Virginia House of Delegates
* Doug Bandow, political writer
* Dave Grohl, musician; member of Nirvana and co-founder of Foo Fighters
* Eileen Filler-Corn, member and speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates
* Gary Groth, comic book publisher, editor, and critic
* Jannik Eckenrode, soccer player
* Jeffrey Davidow, diplomat
* José Alegría, soccer player
* Jose Llana, singer and Broadway actor
* Kara Lawson, head coach of the Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team, former WNBA player, graduate of West Springfield High School
* Kevin Schneider, officer in the United States Air Force
* Larry Bond, author and video game designer
* Lowell C. Kilday, diplomat
* Meghan Cox, soccer player
* Mike Caussin, NFL player
* Mohammed Seisay, NFL player
* Obi Enechionyia, basketball player
* Patrick G. Forrester, retired Army officer and astronaut
* Robert Girardi, author of military and detective fiction
* Rob Keefe, AFL coach
* Robert L. Schweitzer, United States Army general
* Ross H. Trower, rear admiral and chaplain in the United States Navy
* Warren E. Barry, former member of the Virginia General Assembly
* Suzanne Marie Collins, military officer and murder victim
* Thomas P. Shoesmith, diplomat
* Tracy Stone-Manning, environmental policy advisor
* Virginia Thrasher, sports shooter
* William Drohan, educator and microbiologist
* Lily Yohannes, soccer player

## Library

The Fairfax County Public Library system operates the Richard Byrd Library, and Pohick Regional Library.