OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neupane

Neopaney/Neupane (Nepali: नेउपाने) or Nyaupane (Nepali: न्यौपाने)or Hindi (हिन्दी- न्यूपाने) a surname found mainly in Nepal and in significant communities in India and Bhutan. It belongs predominantly to Brahmin (Sharma)(Bahun) and Kshatriya (Chhetri) of Nepal and Indian territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Uttarakhand, Assam, Meghalaya and some are up to Bhutan and Myanmar.

## Notable people with the surname Neopaney/Neupane/Nyaupane/Nepane

* Amar Neupane, Nepali writer
* Kedar Neupane, Nepali politician
* Kedar Nath Neupane (1927–1971), Nepali educator and author
* Mukunda Neupane, Nepali trade unionist and politician
* Yogmaya Neupane (1860–1941),
# List of mayors of Kremenchuk

The following is a list of mayors of the city of Kremenchuk, Ukraine. It includes positions equivalent to mayor, such as chairperson of the city council executive committee.

## Mayors

* Izyumov Andrey Yakovlevich [uk], 1900–1903, 1906–1908, 1916–1917
* Gusev Pavlo Hryhorovych, 1909, 1911-1916
* Lapchynsky George Fedorovich [uk], 1917
* Smirnov Dmitry Petrovich, 1918
* Bromberg Moses Akimovich, 1918
* Vyazmitinov Mykola Oleksandrovych, 1918
* Boguslavsky Mikhail Solomonovich, 1919
* Humble Gregory Mikhailovich [uk], 1920
* Serbichenko Alexander Kalistratovich, 1920-1922
* Kapranov Mykola Yevdokymovych [uk], 1927
* Kaptsevich Alexander Savich, 1928-1929
* Fusik Fedor Alekseevich, 1934-1935
* Lagno Hryhoriy Stepanovych, 1940-1941
* Stoletskyi Oleksandr Ivanovych, 1941
* Senytsia-Verkhovskyi (German occupation, executed for saving Jews), 1941 (possibly 2 persons, a mayor and a vice-mayor)
* S. D. Dmytrenko (German occupation), 1941-1942, sentenced to hard labor after the war
* A. Aley (German occupation), 1942-1943
* Budny Alexander Andreevich [uk], 1943-1945
* Gavrilov Mykola Dmitrovich, 1945-1949
* Violinist Dmitry Petrovich, 1949-1961
* Kozharin Mykhailo Oleksiiovych, 1962-1970
* Matvienko Victor Vasilyevich, 1970-1979
* Zaludyak Mykola Ivanovych [uk], 1979-1980
* Verbin Anatoliy Vasyliovych, 1980-1986
* Litvinenko Anatoliy Kuzmich, 1986-1990
* Balanyuk Victor Nikolaevich, 1990
* Ponomarenko Ivan Kindratovich [uk], 1990–1994, 1995-1998
* Bilan Leonid Nikolaevich, 1994-1995
* Nadosha Oleg Vladimirovich [uk], 1998-2000
* Glukhov Mykola Volodymyrovych [uk], 2000-2010
* Babayev Oleg Meidanovich [uk], 2010-2014
* Kalashnik Victor Vasilyevich, 2014-2015
* Maletsky Vitaliy Oleksiyovych [uk], 2015-
# 2025 Panevėžys City mayoral election

The 2025 Panevėžys City mayoral election was held on 16 March 2025 and the second round will be held on 30 March 2025, to elect the next mayor of panevėžys. After the previous mayor was involved in scandals that led to his removal from office, an emergency election will be held. The incumbent, Acting Mayor Petras Luomanas, did not run for re-election. There were six candidates on the ballot, awaiting the votes of the people of Panevėžys.

## Overview

The mayor of Panevėžys is the elected head of the municipal government in Panevėžys, Lithuania's fifth-largest city. The mayor holds significant executive powers, overseeing the city's administration, managing public services, implementing decisions made by the Panevėžys City Council, and representing the city in both national and international affairs. The position is directly elected by the citizens of Panevėžys, with a term of four years and no limit on re-election. The mayor is responsible for shaping urban development, managing city resources, and enhancing the overall quality of life for residents.

## Electoral system

The mayor is elected in a simple majority vote if the voter turnout in the constituency is at least 40%. If the voter turnout is less than 40%, the candidate with the most votes (and at least 20% of the votes) is declared the winner. If there are more than two candidates and no candidate wins in the first round, a second round of voting is held within 15 days. The two leading candidates from the first round are eligible for the second round of voting. The candidate that gets more votes in the second round is declared the winner, regardless of voter turnout.
# Speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games – Men's 100 metres

The men's 100 metres competition in speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games was held on 8 February 2025 in Harbin, China.

## Schedule

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Saturday, 8 February 2025 | 12:00 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Games records were as follows.
| World Record | — | — | — | — |
| Games Record | Yuya Oikawa (JPN) | 9.59 | Changchun, China | 31 January 2007 |

## Results

| Rank | Pair | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| | 11 | Gao Tingyu (CHN) | 9.35 | GR |
| | 10 | Yevgeniy Koshkin (KAZ) | 9.47 | |
| | 11 | Kim Jun-ho (KOR) | 9.62 | |
| 4 | 8 | Altay Zhardembekuly (KAZ) | 9.64 | |
| 5 | 10 | Wataru Morishige (JPN) | 9.67 | |
| 6 | 6 | Xue Zhiwen (CHN) | 9.71 | |
| 7 | 5 | Liu Bin (CHN) | 9.802 | |
| 8 | 9 | Yamato Matsui (JPN) | 9.804 | |
| 9 | 6 | Kim Tae-yun (KOR) | 9.81 | |
| 10 | 8 | Katsuhiro Kuratsubo (JPN) | 9.82 | |
| 11 | 9 | Cho Sang-hyeok (KOR) | 9.84 | |
| 12 | 3 | Artur Galiyev (KAZ) | 9.93 | |
| 13 | 4 | Koo Kyung-min (KOR) | 9.95 | |
| 14 | 7 | Tai Wei-lin (TPE) | 9.99 | |
| 15 | 4 | Nikita Vazhenin (KAZ) | 10.01 | |
| 16 | 7 | Lian Ziwen (CHN) | 10.04 | |
| 17 | 5 | Chandra Mouli Danda (IND) | 10.83 | |
| 18 | 2 | Sidney Chu (HKG) | 10.94 | |
| 19 | 1 | Omkara Yogaraj (IND) | 10.99 | |
| 20 | 2 | Srivatsa Srikantha Rao (IND) | 11.10 | |
| 21 | 1 | Anubhav Gupta (IND) | 11.59 | |
| 22 | 3 | Nopphaket Suansuk (THA) | 11.79 | |
# Emmeran M. Bliemel

Father Emmeran M. Bliemel, OSB (29 September 1831 – 31 August 1864), was a Benedictine Catholic priest who died in the Battle of Jonesborough during the American Civil War, becoming the first chaplain killed in action in any American battle. While serving as Chaplain of the 10th Tennessee Regiment, he ministered to the spiritual needs of wounded soldiers, under fire as well as behind the lines. He was decapitated by a cannonball while giving the last rites to Colonel William Grace. Bliemel also ministered to the soldiers of the 4th Kentucky Infantry (the Orphan Brigade).

## Early life

Bliemel was born on 29 September 1831 in Regensburg, Bavaria. He was named after the patron saint of St. Emmeram's Abbey (Kloster Sankt Emmeram) now known as Schloss Thurn und Taxis. As a youth, he studied at St. Michael's Abbey in Deggendorf, Germany. He emigrated to the United States in 1850, hoping to be a missionary to German Catholics in Pennsylvania, where he already had several cousins. He continued his studies at the Saint Vincent Archabbey in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, from 1852 to 1856 and taught mathematics at the college attached to the abbey, Saint Vincent College.

## Career

In 1856, Bliemel was ordained as a Benedictine priest in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, by Bishop Michael O'Malley. From 1856–1860 he was assigned to Catholic parishes in Pennsylvania, in Hollidaysburg, Johnstown and Elk County. In June 1860 became a naturalized U.S. citizen, and was soon assigned to St. Joseph's Church in Covington, Kentucky, but moved only six months later to Nashville, Tennessee where he was assigned to the Church of the Assumption. When the Civil War commenced, he asked to be assigned as chaplain to the men from his area. In October 1862, the Tennessee Regiment in Mississippi listed Bliemel as their chaplain, even though he was still in Tennessee. In November 1862 he was transferred officially to St. Mary's Cathedral. On October 4, 1863, the last official church record made by Father Bliemel was a baptism certificate.

## Military service

Bliemel officially enlisted as a chaplain on 20 February 1864 at the age of 32 in Company S, 10th Tennessee Infantry Regiment. He died in the Battle of Jonesborough in Georgia on August 31, 1864. Initially he was buried by Mary Anne "Mollie" Holliday in her family plot near the scene of the battle, on the present day site of the Historic Clayton County Courthouse. Through his burial in the Holliday family plot Bliemel would become tied to two of Mollie Holliday's relatives who would later become famous: Doc Holliday and Margaret Mitchell. Bliemel’s remains were later moved twice, first to the Patrick R. Cleburne Confederate Cemetery in Jonesboro, and in 1899 to a Benedictine parish in Tuscumbia, Alabama.
On March 12, 1983 Bliemel was awarded the Confederate Medal of Honor, created in 1977 by the Sons of Confederate Veterans.
# FLOCERT

Flocert GmbH (stylized FLOCERT) is an auditor for Fairtrade headquartered in Bonn, Germany.

## History

FLOCERT was born out of the Fairtrade movement. The Fairtrade movement began in the late 1980s, when Max Havelaar, the world's first fair trade coffee brand, made its way onto the shelves of a Dutch supermarket. The next few years saw fair trade labels spring up across Europe and North America, until the umbrella organisation Fairtrade International (known back then as Fairtrade Labelling Organisations International or FLO) was established to unite the rapidly growing movement. In 1997 Fairtrade International began setting out its global standard for fairly traded products, and certifying the producers that made up fair trade supply chains. As the initiative grew, Fairtrade International decided that in order to ensure the certification system was consistently independent and credible, the standard setting side of the organisation should be separated from the arm that assesses and verifies its producers. Thus, FLOCERT was founded in 2003 as a subsidiary of Fairtrade International to act independently of the standard-setting side of the organisation. Since 2003, FLOCERT has been independently verifying that all companies involved in Fairtrade supply chains are meeting and maintaining Fairtrade standards. Today, FLOCERT also provides other assurance solutions and impact measurements services.

## Services

Fairtrade is one of the world’s best-known and most successful standards for improving ethical performance across supply chains. It promotes better prices, decent working conditions, local sustainability and fair terms of trade for farmers and workers in the developing world. FLOCERT's role in this is to certifies all elements of the supply chain – from farming or production of raw materials, all the way to final packaging. To do this, FLOCERT auditors visit organisations to assess whether they meet the Fairtrade Standards.
Although Fairtrade Certification is at the core of what FLOCERT does, FLOCERT also offers combined audits by collaborating with other schemes and programs that share its own goals and beliefs, and other customised assurance solutions.

## Accreditations

Since 2007, FLOCERT has ISO 17065 accreditation, the international standard for ensuring fair and capable certification of products, processes and services. To be accredited FLOCERT is regularly audited by the German National Accreditation body DAkkS.
# Baster Council

The Baster Council (Afrikaans: Basterraad), is the parliament of the unrecognized state of the Rehoboth area in Namibia. It forms the legislature, or Volksraad, of Rehoboth together with the executive Captains Council (Kapteinsraad).
The Baster Council serves as the mouthpiece for the Rehoboth Baster people and is obliged to convey the wishes, needs, and recognition of the citizens to the Captains Council. Originally, only citizens who paid taxes were eligible to vote.
# İclal Karaman

İclal Karaman (born February 23, 2003) is a Turkish curler from Erzurum, Turkey. She is currently the alternate on the Turkey women's national curling team skipped by Dilşat Yıldız.

## Career

In 2022, Karaman was set to play third the Turkey women's team at the 2022 World Junior-B Curling Championships before the event was cancelled due to an outbreak of COVID-19 cases in the men's event. She threw second stones for the Turkish team at the 2022 World Junior-B Curling Championships during the 2022–23 season. The team, led by İlknur Ürüşan, finished 4–1 in the round robin and won 8–4 over Denmark in the quarterfinals. They then lost 7–2 to Scotland in the semifinal and 11–10 to Korea in the bronze medal game, finishing in fourth place and just outside of qualifying for the 2023 World Junior Curling Championships.
Karaman joined the Turkish national women's team following the 2023 European Curling Championships, replacing Mihriban Polat as alternate. As the team had finished eighth at the European championship, they qualified for the 2024 World Women's Curling Championship. In the new year, the team competed in the 2024 Cortina Curling Cup where they defeated higher ranked teams such as Stefania Constantini, Marianne Rørvik and Xenia Schwaller en route to claiming Turkey's first women's World Curling Tour event title. At the World Championship, the team had a slow start and never recovered, finishing with a 3–9 record and tenth place overall. Notability, the team gave Canada's Rachel Homan one of their toughest games of the event. With Turkey leading by one in the tenth, Homan needed a precise runback for the victory, which she made.

## Personal life

Karaman is currently a student athlete.

## Teams

| Season | Skip | Third | Second | Lead | Alternate |
| 2021–22 | Berfin Şengül | İclal Karaman | İfayet Şafak Çalıkuşu | İlknur Ürüşan | Selenay Diler |
| 2022–23 | Berfin Şengül (Fourth) | Nilay Arzik | İclal Karaman | İlknur Ürüşan (Skip) | Nisanur Kaya |
| 2023–24 | Dilşat Yıldız | Öznur Polat | İfayet Şafak Çalıkuşu | Berfin Şengül | İclal Karaman |
| 2023–24 | Berfin Şengül (Fourth) | İfayet Şafak Çalıkuşu | İclal Karaman | İlknur Ürüşan (Skip) | Melisa Cömert |
| 2024–25 | Dilşat Yıldız | Öznur Polat | İfayet Şafak Çalıkuşu | Berfin Şengül | İclal Karaman |
# Ethelyn Maria Tucker

Ethelyn Dahleatte Maria Tucker (December 3, 1871, in Hardwick, Massachusetts – August 23, 1959) was an American botanist, author, and librarian at Harvard University's Arnold Arboretum in Boston, Massachusetts.

## Written works

Tucker, Ethelyn Maria (1917). Catalogue of the Library of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University (Vol. II). Cosmos Press. Retrieved August 19, 2018.
# Dahisar

Dahisar (Marathi pronunciation:) is the northernmost suburb (and railway station) of Mumbai. Not to be confused with Dahisar Mori in Navi Mumbai.
On the Mumbai Suburban Railway (which is part of the Indian Western Railway line), that runs from Churchgate to Virar, Dahisar is immediately north and next to the populous suburb of Borivali, which has a train station of the same name.
After Dahisar, when travelling northwards on the Churchgate - Virar Western Railway line the immediate next railway station or stop is Mira Road station.

## History

There is a record of continuous habitation since the 1630s, as per parish records of the Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Church.. The word is most probably coming from the ancient Prakrit language of which a Sanskritized version would be Dadhīśvaraḥ (=IAST, Dadhishvar).
Dahisar was originally a part of Thane District; it became a part of Mumbai in 1956.
# Speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games – Men's 5000 metres

The men's 5000 metres competition in speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games was held on 9 February 2025 in Harbin, China.

## Schedule

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Sunday, 9 February 2025 | 12:55 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Games records were as follows.
| World Record | Nils van der Poel (SWE) | 6:01.56 | Salt Lake City, United States | 3 December 2021 |
| Games Record | Lee Seung-hoon (KOR) | 6:24.32 | Sapporo, Japan | 20 February 2017 |

## Results
### Legend

* DSQ — Disqualified
| Rank | Pair | Athlete | Time |
| | 8 | Wu Yu (CHN) | 6:27.82 |
| | 4 | Liu Hanbin (CHN) | 6:29.93 |
| | 8 | Hanahati Muhamaiti (CHN) | 6:31.54 |
| 4 | 6 | Lee Seung-hoon (KOR) | 6:32.43 |
| 5 | 6 | Chung Jae-won (KOR) | 6:39.48 |
| 6 | 7 | Danila Semerikov (UZB) | 6:39.71 |
| 7 | 3 | Taiyo Morino (JPN) | 6:42.10 |
| 8 | 5 | Motonaga Arito (JPN) | 6:42.63 |
| 9 | 2 | Vadim Yakubovskiy (KAZ) | 6:47.49 |
| 10 | 3 | Kotaro Kasahara (JPN) | 6:47.82 |
| 11 | 4 | Park Sang-eon (KOR) | 6:50.85 |
| 12 | 5 | Bakdaulet Sagatov (KAZ) | 6:53.77 |
| 13 | 7 | Vitaliy Chshigolev (KAZ) | 6:53.89 |
| 14 | 1 | Vishwaraj Jadeja (IND) | 7:47.31 |
| 15 | 2 | Daniel Concessao (IND) | 8:28.76 |
| — | 1 | Amitesh Mishra (IND) | DSQ |
# Harker Glacier

Harker Glacier is a tidewater glacier on South Georgia Island in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Harker glacier was first mapped by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1901–1904), and named De Geer Glacier, after Gerard De Geer (1858–1943), a Swedish geologist who specialized in geomorphology and geochronology. It was remapped in 1912 by David Ferguson, and renamed for Alfred Harker (1859–1939), an English geologist who specialised in petrology and petrography.
The valley in which Harker Glacier is located drains from south to north out of the Allardyce Range into Moraine Fjord in the eastern side of Cumberland Bay, south of Grytviken, the principal settlement of the island. Harker Glacier is a tidewater glacier that contributes icebergs to the bay. The glacier has not changed significantly since the 1970s, but is further advanced than when it was photographed by Frank Hurley in 1914.
# Repellent-1

Repellent-1 (Russian: Репеллент-1) is a Russian electronic warfare system designed to suppress the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles at a distance of up to 30 to 35 km (19 to 22 mi). It weighs more than 20 tons.
The system is able to detect miniature air targets from their control signals at a distance of more than 35 km (22 mi), but is able to suppress drones only at a distance of not more than 2.5 km (1.6 mi).Cabin is protected against small arms fire and NBC (Nuclear, Bacteriological and Chemical) agents

## History

Repellent-1 was developed by the Russian Scientific and Technical Center for Electronic Combat (Russian: Научно-техническом центре радиоэлектронной борьбы). It is installed on the chassis of MAZ (MAZ-6317 [uk]) or KAMAZ depending on the wishes of the customer.
The development of "Repellent-1" was completed in 2016 and the system shown at an exhibition.

## Operators

* Algeria
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Kazakhstan - a supply contract was signed in 2016.
* Russia
* Serbia

## Application
### Russian-Ukrainian war

On August 11, 2018, the OSCE SMM noted in a report that on July 28, near the village of Chornukhyne, the UAV mission recorded four EW systems at once, including Repellent-1.

### Armenian-Azerbaijani border conflict

Armenia has lost two operating stations of the Repellent-1 complex.

### Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022)

On May 1, 2022, it was reported that a Russian "Repellent-1" had been destroyed.
# Thibaudia

Thibaudia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. They are native to Central and South America with a high concentration of species in the cloud forests of Costa Rica and Ecuador. Species of the genus are known commonly as zagalitas.
There are about 60 to 75 species.
Species include:
* Thibaudia acacioides
* Thibaudia albiflora
* Thibaudia andrei
* Thibaudia angustifolia
* Thibaudia anomala
* Thibaudia apophysata
* Thibaudia archeri
* Thibaudia ardisiifolia
* Thibaudia biflora
* Thibaudia breweri
* Thibaudia cardenasii
* Thibaudia cardiophylla
* Thibaudia carrenoi
* Thibaudia caulialata
* Thibaudia clivalis
* Thibaudia costaricensis
* Thibaudia densiflora
* Thibaudia diphylla
* Thibaudia engleriana
* Thibaudia falconensis
* Thibaudia fallax
* Thibaudia floribunda
* Thibaudia gunnarii
* Thibaudia harlingii
* Thibaudia inflata
* Thibaudia insignis
* Thibaudia jahnii
* Thibaudia jorgensenii
* Thibaudia lanata
* Thibaudia lugoi
* Thibaudia macrocalyx
* Thibaudia martiniana
* Thibaudia mellifera
* Thibaudia nervosa
* Thibaudia parvifolia
* Thibaudia pennellii
* Thibaudia rigidiflora
* Thibaudia sessiliflora
* Thibaudia smithiana
* Thibaudia spathulata
* Thibaudia steyermarkii
* Thibaudia tomentosa
* Thibaudia truncata
* Thibaudia ulei
* Thibaudia uniflora
* Thibaudia urbaniana
# Hunches in Bunches

Hunches in Bunches is a children's book written and illustrated by Theodor Geisel under the pen name Dr. Seuss and published by Random House on October 12, 1982. The book uses playful language and rhymes.

## Plot

A young boy contemplating what activity to do is confronted with a multitude of choices, each represented by various 'hunches'—colorful, whimsical creatures that embody different impulses and decisions. These hunches pull him in multiple directions, suggesting everything from eating a snack, going outside, sitting and thinking, to engaging in bizarre or procrastinative behaviors. As the boy grapples with these conflicting suggestions, he experiences decision paralysis. The story culminates in the boy learning to listen to his own 'real' hunch, guiding him to make a decision that aligns with his true desires, highlighting the importance of inner guidance amidst external chaos.
# James Brown (publisher)

James Brown (May 19, 1800 – March 10, 1855) was an American publisher and co-founder of Little, Brown and Company with Charles Coffin Little.

## Early life and education

Brown was born in Acton, Massachusetts, on May 19, 1800. He started his working life as a servant in the family of Levi Hedge, a professor from Cambridge, Massachusetts, who instructed him in the classics and mathematics.

## Career

Around 1832, he began to work with Hilliard, Gray & Co. on Washington Street in Boston, where he worked with William Hilliard and others. He was originally hired as a clerk. The firm was dissolved following the death of one of its partners, and Brown then began working for Charles C. Little & Co., run by Charles Coffin Little, also as a clerk.
In 1837, the firm became Charles C. Little and James Brown, and Brown remained there until his death. Augustus Flagg joined them in 1838 and became the publishing house's managing partner after the deaths of the two founders.
The firm's name was changed to Little, Brown and Company in 1847.
In 1853, Little, Brown began publishing the works of British poets, from Chaucer to Wordsworth. There were 96 volumes published in the series in five years, but Brown did not live to see its completion.

## Death

Brown died in Watertown, Massachusetts on March 10, 1855, at the age of 54.
His son John Murray Brown took over when Flagg retired in 1884. A life of James Brown, by George Stillman Hillard, was published in Boston, in 1855.