OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Antonova

Antonova is a feminine Russian surname that as the female version of Antonov is derived from the male given name Anton and literally means Anton's. I.e., it is a patronymic surname derived from the Antonius root name. It may refer to:
* Aleksandra Antonova (hurdler) (born 1980), Russian hurdler
* Aleksandra Andreevna Antonova (1932–2014), Russian, Kildin Sámi teacher, writer, poet, translator
* Aleksandra Antonova (water polo) (born 1991), Russian water polo player
* Anastasia Oberstolz-Antonova (born 1981), Soviet/Russian-born, Italian luger
* Anna Antonova (born 1965), Soviet figure skater
* Diana Antonova (born 1993), Russian water polo player
* Elena Antonova (skier) (born 1971), Kazak cross-country skier
* Irina Antonova (born 1922), the Director of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow for 52 years, from 1961 to 2013
* Koka Antonova (1910–2007), Soviet Indologist
* Ksenia Antonova (born 1990), Russian ice dancer
* Natalia Antonova (born 1995), Russian cyclist
* Natalya Antonova, Russian pianist
* Olena Antonova (born 1972), Ukrainian discus thrower
* Olga Antonova (athlete) (born 1960), Soviet sprint athlete
* Svetlana Antonova (born 1979), Russian actress
* Yelena Antonova (cyclist), Kazakhstani cyclist
* Yelena Antonova (rower) (born 1952), Soviet rower
* Yelena Antonova (synchronised swimmer) (born 1974), Russian swimmer
# Charles Ambrose Lorensz

Charles Ambrose Lorensz (1829–1871) was a lawyer, a journalist and a colonial era legislator from Ceylon. He was a member of the Legislative Council. He is credited for initiating Sri Lankan journalism and was the founder and editor of the island's first local news paper, the Ceylon Examiner. He was a District Judge and was an Acting Queen’s Advocate.
Born to a Burger family, Lorensz was educated at the Colombo Academy, winning the Turnour Prize in 1846 with Frederick Nell. Beginning his legal practice in 1849, he became a barrister at the Lincoln's Inn in 1855. He was a member of the Royal Asiatic Society, Ceylon Branch .
After serving as the District Judge of Chilaw in 1855, he went back to being a practicing lawyer. He was appointed as a Burger non-official member of Legislative Council of Ceylon from 1856 to 1864, as opposed to the official members, who held their seats in the council by virtue of their offices in government. He was the first non-official member to claim and receive the right of introducing a private bill. An advocate for local government, he played a major role in the establishment of the Colombo Municipal Council, the first municipality, of which he was one of the first elected members from 1860 to 1870. He resigned from the Legislative Council in 1864.
Lorensz was credited with being the architect of the currency ordinance which enacted that Ceylon should switch from the British currency to its own of rupees and for coining the term Ceylonese. He played a major role in the reform and development of education, the amendment and codification of the law, and the inauguration of the Ceylon Government Railway.
In 1859, Lorensz and a syndicate purchased the Examiner, which was renamed as the Ceylon Examiner, thus becoming the first Ceylonese newspaper, of which he was the managing editor.
He was part of the Macaulay of Ceylon along with James De Alwis, Frederick Nell and his brother Louis, John Prins, Charles Ferdinands and Dandris de Silva Gunaratna inspired by the Young England movement.
The Lorensz Scholarship is awarded at Royal College Colombo his old alma mater in his memory since 1876.

## Works

* Provisional Payment, 1856
* Editor, Law Reports, 1856–1870
* Notes on Kovil Practice, 1860
# California night snake

The California night snake (Hypsiglena ochrorhynchus nuchalata) is a subspecies of small colubrid snake native to California.

## Description

The California night snake grows to a total length of 12 to 26 inches (30 to 66 cm), with hatchlings about 7 inches in total length.
The snake has a narrow flat head, smooth dorsal scales in 19 rows, and eyes with vertically elliptical pupils. They are rear-fanged and considered to be venomous, but not dangerous to humans.
Its color may be light gray, light brown, tan, or cream, often matching the substrate of the region, with dark brown or dark grey blotches down the back and sides. The underside is whitish or yellowish and unmarked, and they usually have a pair of large dark markings on the neck, and a dark bar through or behind the eyes.

## Behavior

As their common name implies, they are a primarily nocturnal snake.

## Diet

Their diet consists primarily of lizards, but they will also eat smaller snakes, and occasionally the soft bodied insect.

## Habitat

They prefer semiarid habitats with rocky soils.

## Reproduction

They are an oviparous subspecies that breeds from April to September.

## Geographic range

The Coast night snake ranges throughout western California, ringing the central valley, but is not found in the valley itself. It is one of two night snake species in the state. The other is the desert night snake, Hypsiglena chlorophaea.
# Biomphalaria pfeifferi

Biomphalaria pfeifferi is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic animal pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.
This snail is a medically important pest, because of transferring the disease schistosomiasis.

## Distribution

Biomphalaria pfeifferi is an African species. It has recently expanded its native range to the Arabian Peninsula and Madagascar.
Distribution of Biomphalaria pfeifferi include:
* Western Africa: Senegal
* Eastern Africa: Kenya
* Southern Africa: Botswana and South Africa.
The type locality is in Umgeni Valley, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (in the times of the description it was the British Colony of Natal).

## Phylogeny

A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Biomphalaria:

## Mating system

B. pfeifferi is hermaphroditic, and genetic analyses performed both at the family and population levels indicate high self-fertilization rates. However, B. pfeifferi exhibits only a low level of inbreeding depression.

## Ecology

Biomphalaria pfeifferi can survive up to 16 hours in anaerobic water using lactic acid fermentation.
In Kenya, B. pfeifferi is positively associated with the common blue water-lily Nymphaea caerulea (the two species occur together).

### Parasites

Parasites of Biomphalaria pfeifferi include the following 11 species found in Tanzania:
* Schistosoma mansoni
* undescribed clinostomatid
* two species undescribed strigea
* Cercaria porteri
* Cercaria blukwa
* two species of undescribed echinostome
* Cercaria lileta
* Cercaria obscurior
* Cercaria bulla

## Control

In Kenya, releasing the edible American crayfish Procambarus clarkii as an introduced species has helped eliminate the mollusc, which it feeds on, as well as provided a new source of food and income, but may also be impacting the environment by reducing the amount of native aquatic plants.
The seeds of the tree Balanites aegyptiaca have a molluscicide effect on Biomphalaria pfeifferi.
| Substance | Route | LC$_{50}$ |
| Powder of crude kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 60 ppm |
| Acetone extract of powder of the kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 172,40 ppm |
| Ethanol extract of the powder of kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 84,15 ppm |
Ethanolic extract of the fruits of Dalbergia sissoo (family Leguminosae) exhibited molluscicidal effect against eggs of Biomphalaria pfeifferi.
# African Carom Confederation

The African Carom Confederation (ACC) is the African continental federation for carom billiards. It is a member of the world federation Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB) and was founded on 25 March 2013 in Cairo.

## History

At the General Assembly of UMB, held in December 2012 in Valencia, Spain, the president of the Egyptian Federation of Billiards Sports (EFBS), El Sharif Al Hussein, announced that EFBS would disaffiliate from Confédération Européenne de Billard (CEB), the European Association for carom billiards, of which EFBS was a member since its foundation in 1958, and would create their own African Association.
Supported by EFBS, the UMB President Jean-Claude Dupont and representatives from seven other founding members from Algeria, Cameroon, Congo, Libya, Morocco, South Africa and Sudan met on 25 March 2013 in Cairo, the capital of Egypt. The delegates agreed to set up a confederation under the name "African Carom Confederation" (ACF), with a board of administration composed of representative from each member association. El Sharif Al Hussein was elected unanimously as the first President of the ACF. The ratification of the founding Treaty was completed, with necessary changes, before 30 April 2013.
In the same year, the first continental "African Cup" was held. It took place together with the Three-Cushion World Cup, which took place in Hurghada in December 2013. With the establishment of ACF, the fourth continental federation, the UMB hoped to strengthen its position in the world of international sports.

## Members

* Algeria
* Egypt
* Cameroon
* Republic of the Congo
* Libya
* Morocco
* South Africa
* Sudan
# 2005 Amsterdam Tournament

The LG Amsterdam Tournament 2005 was a pre-season football tournament contested by Ajax, Arsenal, Boca Juniors and Porto on 29 and 31 July 2005 at the Amsterdam Arena.

## Table

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Arsenal | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | +2 | 9 |
| Porto | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | +1 | 6 |
| Boca Juniors | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | -1 | 4 |
| Ajax | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | -2 | 0 |
NB: An extra point is awarded for each goal scored.
# Rudolf Schindler (medical doctor)

Rudolf Schindler (1888–1968) was a German physician, who practiced medicine as a gastroenterologist. He is regarded widely as the "father of gastroscopy."
He was born in Berlin. During the First World War he described numerous diseases involving the human digestive system. He wrote the illustrated textbook, Lehrbuch und Atlas der Gastroskopie (Textbook and Atlas of Gastroscopy).
Between 1928 and 1932 Schindler worked with the Berlin-based instrument-maker and technician, Georg Wolf, on the development of the first semi-flexible gastroscope, which allowed a greater range for examination, facilitating diagnosis and some treatments without abdominal surgery.
With the rise of the Nazi party he was arrested. Upon his release in 1934, he made his way to the United States of America. He settled in Chicago, Illinois, and practiced medicine there until 1943. He then relocated to Los Angeles, California, where he continued his work in gastroenterology until his retirement. His work included writing two more books in the field of gastroenterology, teaching students, and saving lives.
Schindler was married to Gabriele Winkler, who was an important contributor to his work and they had two children. After her death in 1964, he married Marie Aumüller Koch, a pianist by whom he was the natural father of two children, including actress and later doctor Marianne Koch, before he fled Germany in 1934. They moved to Munich, Germany where he died in 1968.
# Stamped paper

Stamped paper is an often-foolscap piece of paper which bears an imprinted revenue stamp. Stamped papers are not a form of postal stationery as although they may contain writing, they are not designed to be used to convey a message.
The use of stamped paper in the American colonies was so unpopular that it has been credited with sowing the seeds of the American Revolution.

## Uses

The stamped paper has been widely used around the world to collect taxes on documents requiring stampings, such as leases, agreements, receipts, court documents and many others. The papers are bought blank apart from the pre-printed stamp and are available from stationers, lawyers' offices, post offices and courts according to local regulations. The parties to the matter then write their legal business on the paper and lodge it with the court or other interested party. This is an efficient way of collecting taxes and stamping documents without the need to submit them to a separate government stamp office.

## History

Stamped paper is thought to have been a Spanish invention, being introduced (or reinvented) in the Netherlands in the 1620s. It has been used widely in France (from 1651), Great Britain (from 1694), the United States, India and elsewhere.
The 1765 Stamp Act required all British colonies in the New World to use stamped paper prepared in London and embossed with a revenue stamp. The ill-feeling created by this law has been credited with sowing the seeds of the American Revolution.

## Collecting

Collecting stamped paper is part of revenue philately.

## Security measures

The stamp sometimes occupies the entire width of the top part of the paper and is often of an intricate engraved design to enhance security. The paper will also frequently have a whole page watermark for the same reason.

## Current uses

Stamped papers remain in use in many countries; however, electronic versions are being developed to reduce the risk of fraud. This has particularly been the case in India following a large-scale fraud in the year 2000. The use of stamped paper remains an important source of revenue in some developing countries, like Bangladesh, where other forms of tax are hard to collect.
# SC Moknine

The Sporting Club Moknine, often referred to as SC Moknine is a Tunisian football club based in the city of Moknine. The club was founded on 6 November 1945. The team plays in red and white colors.

## Stadium

Their ground is currently the Stade Mongi-Slim, which has a capacity of 5,000.

## League participations

* Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 2: 2010–2013
* Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 3: ?-2010

## Honours

* (Ligue III):2010
# Abdullah Said al Libi

Abdullah Said al-Libi (died 17 December 2009) was described as being an al Qaeda operational leader in Pakistan. He is reported to have previously served in the Libyan military. He led an al-Qaeda paramilitary force. Said al-Libi was killed in a drone strike on 17 December 2009 in North Waziristan. In April 2009 he had released a statement where he identified himself as the leader of al Qaeda's efforts to take control of Khorasan - an ancient Islamic province that included Afghanistan, Pakistan, and some neighboring areas.
According to Joby Warrick, the author of The Triple Agent, al Libi had lived with Humam Khalil Abu-Mulal al-Balawi, who would later convince Central Intelligence Agency officers that he was their double agent within al Qaeda, only to detonate a suicide bomb, killing several of them. His suicide bombing is said to have been in retaliation for the killing of al Libi, Abu Saleh al Somali and Baitullah Mehsud.
# Egalia

Egalia is a preschool located in Södermalm, a borough of the Swedish capital of Stockholm. As is the case with every Swedish pre-school, Egalia is funded with municipal money. The school is funded and directed by Lotta Rajalin. The school opened in 2010 and serves children from ages 1 to 6.

## Background

Egalia is an offshoot of Nicolaigarden, a preschool that has 115 pupils. Three teachers from Nicolaigarden started Egalia in 2010 as a result of the success of the larger school.

## Policy on gendered pronouns

The preschool has received attention for its refusal to use the terms "him" and "her" and encouraging the children to say "friend" or to use the gender-neutral pronoun hen instead.
The idea of the gender-neutral pronoun came from Finnish (about 5% of the population of Sweden is Finnish-speakers). Since Finnish completely lacks grammatical gender, has no way (and no need) to express gender with pronouns. In Swedish, han means he and hon means she – but the Finns ab ovo use the gender-neutral personal pronoun hän, which means both he or she.
The school has avoided books that have gender-specific roles and definitions. Nearly all of the books that the school uses for teaching deal with gay couples, single parents or adopted children.

## Controversy

Egalia has encountered controversy for "indoctrination" to which the school replied that this was to be expected in any society and "Bringing them up is indoctrination". According to psychiatrist and author David Eberhard it is "intellectually dishonest" and "this kind of brainwash works when they are small".

## Relevant laws

The Swedish national curriculum has demanded schools oppose gender stereotypes since 1998.
Teachers make sure pupils in Egalia do not have access to material that could promote gender-stereotyping. Under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have the right to access a range of opinions but exceptions exist for "the protection of national security or of public order (ordre public), or of public health or morals." as well as or "For respect of the rights or reputations of others"
# Tengiz Zhghenti

Tengiz Zhghenti (Georgian: თენგიზ ჟღენტი) (15 June 1887 – 24 May 1937) was a Georgian politician who served as the Second Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of Adjara from 15 November 1921 to 10 January 1922. Born into an impoverished noble family in Guria, Zhghenti was an active member of the Bolsheviks in Georgia. In 1919 he served as the military commissioner of Odessa, and helped fight off revolts by the Musavats in Azerbaijan and Mensheviks in Georgia in the early 1920s. He killed himself on 24 May 1937.
# Thomas Wharton (author)

Thomas Wharton (born February 25, 1963) is a Canadian writer from Edmonton, Alberta.

## Life

Born in Grande Prairie, Wharton later spent part of his teen years living in Jasper. He attended the University of Alberta and the University of Calgary, where he was a student of Rudy Wiebe and Greg Hollingshead. His first novel began as his M.A. thesis, under the supervision of Kristjana Gunnars. He worked on his PhD at Calgary with Aritha van Herk.
Wharton is currently a professor of creative writing and English at the University of Alberta.

## Career

Wharton's first novel, Icefields, was published in 1995. It was awarded Best First Book in the Canada and Caribbean division of the Commonwealth Writers Prize, the Writers Guild of Alberta's Henry Kreisel Award for Best First Book, and the Banff Mountain Book Festival Grand Prize. It was selected for inclusion in the 2008 Canada Reads competition, where it was advocated by astronaut Steve MacLean.
His second book, Salamander, was published in 2001. It was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 2001 Governor General's Awards and the 2002 Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize. At the 2002 Writers Guild of Alberta awards, it was a finalist for the Grant MacEwan Author's Award, and won the Georges Bugnet Award for Fiction.
His third book, The Logogryph, was published in 2004, and was shortlisted for the International Dublin Literary Award in 2006.
Wharton subsequently published a three-volume fantasy novel for younger readers, The Perilous Realm. The three books in the series are The Shadow of Malabron (2008), The Fathomless Fire (2012), and The Tree of Story (2013).
Wharton's 2014 novel Every Blade of Grass was the story of a decades-long correspondence between a man and woman who share a love for the wonders and oddities of nature.
His 2023 novel The Book of Rain was a shortlisted finalist for the 2023 Atwood Gibson Writers' Trust Fiction Prize. La messagère, Sophie Voillot's French translation of The Book of Rain, received a Governor General's Award nomination for English to French translation at the 2024 Governor General's Awards.
# African Caribbean Medical Society

The African Caribbean Medical Society (ACMS) is a British organization founded in 1981 by a group of black doctors.
The ACMS was founded in March 1981 by doctors including Lord Pitt of Hampstead, Dr Adams, Dr Eddie Simon and Franklyn Jacobs. It aimed to be a support network for black doctors, and a forum for focus on health matters relevant to British African-Caribbean people. As Franklyn Jacobs recalled:
   We felt that there should be a society through which black doctors (of which there were few at the time) could liaise so as to form a base from which black medical issues and health education could be promoted and championed. As founders, we each desired to give something back to our community.
# Agent X (comics)

Agent X, in comics, may refer to:
* Agent X (Marvel Comics), a fictional mercenary whose adventures have been published by Marvel Comics
* Secret Agent X-9, a comic strip begun by writer Dashiell Hammett and artist Alex Raymond
# Stan Gretton

Stanley Gretton (1920 or 1921 – 17 June 1975) was a British trade union leader.
Gretton worked as a baker, and joined the Amalgamated Union of Operative Bakers in 1937. He soon became a shop steward, then branch secretary, before working full-time for the union at the district and regional level. In 1968, he was elected as general secretary of what was by then known as the Bakers' Union.
As leader, Gretton was considered to be on the right wing of the union movement. He focused his time on the industry's National Joint Committee for England and Wales, and was chosen as its chair. He was elected to the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in 1969, but in 1972 the union refused to follow TUC policy of deregistering with the government, and was therefore expelled from the organisation. That year, he was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire.
By 1974, union members were becoming increasingly discontented with low pay, but Gretton opposed claims for large wage increases, arguing that they were motivated by "outside influences". He died suddenly in 1975, and was succeeded by Sam Maddox, a more left-wing figure.
Outside his union Gretton also served on the committees of the Churchill Trust, the Pre-Retirement Association, and the Apprenticeship Council of the Baking Industry.
# Abbots Oak

Abbots Oak is a hamlet near Coalville, Leicestershire, comprising a cluster of dwellings near Warren Hills, either side of the road between Whitwick and Copt Oak.
There is a public house here called The Bull's Head, which claims the distinction of being the highest public house in Leicestershire, at 787 feet (240 m) above sea level.
The hamlet also contains the Abbots Oak Country House, which is a Grade II listed building. The house is built of Charnwood granite and has an imposing tower with a fine wooden staircase; its listing description ascribes a mid-nineteenth century origin.
# Lalley (surname)

Lalley is a surname.

## List of people of the surname

* Gene Lalley (1922–1972), American professional basketball player
* Kate Lalley, American politician from Vermont
* Steven Lalley (born 1954), American statistician and mathematician