OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Langdon Cheek

Landon Napoleon Cheek was an African-American Baptist missionary who served in the British Central Africa Protectorate, later renamed Nyasaland, between 1901 and 1906. There, he assisted John Chilembwe, the founder of the Providence Industrial Mission during the church's formative period. After returning to the United States, he became a Baptist pastor for almost 50 years. Cheek died in Chicago in 1964.

## Early life

Landon was born in Canton, Mississippi in 1871. His parents were Frank Cheek, a former slave and later Baptist minister, and Ada, a Cherokee, and he was later described by George Simeon Mwase, a Nyasaland African, as coloured in the South African sense, or mulatto. At some point, he moved to Bridgeton, Missouri and became pastor in its Baptist church, although there is no record of what theological training he undertook or where. Cheek applied to the Foreign Missions Board of the National Baptist Convention in 1899 to be assigned as an overseas missionary. He was accepted and, after a year acquiring sufficient funds from the African-American churches interested in his work, he left New York in January 1901, arriving in Nyasaland in April.

## Nyasaland

On his arrival, he joined John Chilembwe at the Providence Industrial Mission (PIM) that Chilembwe had started in 1900 in Chiradzulu district. Cheek later cooperated with Chilembwe in building its main church at Mbombwe in that district. The PIM was financially supported by the National Baptist Convention, which also sent Emma B. Delaney, who had training as a teacher and nurse, to join the mission in 1902. Both Cheek and Delaney helped Chilembwe to set up industrial-based education courses during the mission’s formative period. Both left Nyasaland in 1906, partly because the National Baptist Convention reduced financial support once PIM was established, but also as Cheek was suffering from poor health. Although Delaney undertook further missionary work in Liberia up to 1914, Cheek did not apply for another overseas missionary posting.
While in Nyasaland, Cheek married Chilembwe’s niece, Rachel Lydia Chilembwe, in 1904 and the couple had three children before leaving the protectorate, one of which died there, and had two more children in the United States. Rachel Cheek (née Chilembwe) died in the United States in 1918.

## Return to USA

When Cheek left Nyasaland, he was requested by Duncan Njilima, a prominent associate of Chilembwe who was later executed after the Chilembwe uprising, to take his two sons, Frederick and Matthew, to be educated in the United States. Both of Chilembwe's sons received a high school education in the U.S. and Frederick later attended university in Kentucky, supported by the National Baptist Convention.
After his return to the United States, Cheek spent over 50 years as a pastor and raised funds for African-American missionary activities.
# Caméléon (song)

"Caméléon" is a song by Congolese-French singer and rapper Maître Gims released in November 2017. The song has so far peaked at number seven on the French Singles Chart.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| France (SNEP) | 7 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 38 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | Diamond | 333,333$^‡$ |
| Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland) | Gold | 10,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Sangum Chongnyon station

Sangŭm Ch'ŏngnyŏn station is a railway station in Sangŭm-ri, T'ongch'ŏn county, Kangwŏn province, North Korea on the Kŭmgangsan Ch'ŏngnyŏn Line of the Korean State Railway.

## History

The station, originally called Sangŭm station was opened on 1 September 1929 by the Chosen Government Railway, along with the rest of the first section of the original Tonghae Pukpu Line from Anbyŏn to Hŭpkok.
# 2005 in Djibouti

The following lists events that happened in 2005 in Djibouti.

## Incumbents

* President: Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
* Prime Minister: Dileita Mohamed Dileita

## Events
### March

* March 10 - Mohamed Daoud Chehem, the only opposition candidate in the forthcoming presidential elections, withdraws from the race. The incumbent President Ismail Omar Guelleh remains the only candidate in the elections of April 8.

### April

* April 8 - Presidential elections begin in Djibouti. Incumbent president Ismail Omar Guelleh is the only candidate.
# Ryoji Nakagawa

Ryoji Nakagawa (中川 了滋, Nakagawa Ryōji, born December 23, 1939) is a member of the Supreme Court of Japan.
# Blastobasis rotullae

Blastobasis rotullae is a moth in the family Blastobasidae. It is found in Costa Rica.
The length of the forewings is 4.2–5.9 mm.

## Etymology

The specific name is derived from Latin rotulla (meaning little wheel).
# Roxxxy

Roxxxy, termed a "sex robot", is a full-size interactive sex doll. The robot is built by the New Jersey–based company TrueCompanion. Its engineer is Douglas Hines, founder and president of the company, who worked as an artificial intelligence engineer at the Bell Labs before he founded TrueCompanion. Development of Roxxxy is claimed to have cost between $500,000 and $1 million.
Roxxxy made its public debut at the AVN Adult Entertainment Expo (AEE) in Las Vegas on January 9, 2010. The gynoid stands 5 feet 7 inches tall and weighs 120 pounds (170 cm and 54 kg). It has synthetic skin and an artificial intelligence engine programmed to learn the owner's likes and dislikes. An articulated skeleton allows Roxxxy to be positioned like a human being but the doll cannot move its limbs independently. A pump installed in the robot powers an internal liquid cooling system. The Roxxxy prototype is claimed to have been modeled after a college-aged Caucasian fine arts student.
According to the website of the company, Roxxxy is not limited to sexual uses and "can carry on a discussion and expresses her love to you. She can talk to you, listen to you and feel your touch." Other features include touch sensors that give Roxxxy the ability to sense when it is being moved. The robot's vocabulary may be updated with the help of a laptop (connected to the back by cables) and the Internet.
Customers can ask TrueCompanion to customize the Roxxxy according to personal preferences, such as hair color, eye color, skin color, breast size and other features. Roxxxy is priced at $7,000 to $9,000 plus a separate subscription fee.
According to Douglas Hines, Roxxxy garnered about 4,000 pre-orders shortly after its AEE reveal in 2010. However, as reported by Jenny Kleeman in April 2017, no actual customers have ever surfaced with a Roxxxy doll, and the public has remained skeptical that any commercial Roxxxy dolls have ever been produced.
# Crap la Pala

Crap la Pala (2,151 m) is a subpeak in the Lenzerheide region in the Swiss Alps. It lies in the southern face of Piz Scalottas, reaching a prominence of no more than 50 metres.
# Buccinum oblitum

Buccinum oblitum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks.

## Description

The shell is up to 20 mm high, solid, with 5-6 moderately convex whorls and a conical spire. The last whorl is about 70% of total height. Protoconch of one smooth, mucronate whorl. Teleoconch is with a variably developed sculpture consisting of spiral cords and threads, and slightly flexuous or straight axial folds. There are usually three cords on the early spire whorls, rather flat and as broad as the interspaces, later the second-order spiral threads are intercalated. The main spiral cords tend to form small knobs at their intersections with the axial folds, which are narrower than the interspace and may be wanting on part or whole of the spire. Body whorl is somewhat constricted around the canal, which is not delimited by a ridge. Aperture is oval, merging into a broad and short siphonal canal. Outer lip is slightly thickened, smooth inside. Parietal and columellar edge are appressed, forming a thin callus which hardly extends over the previous whorl. Colour is whitish with diffuse, pale brown flames and blotches.

## Distribution

Distribution of Buccinum oblitum include:
* Eastern Atlantic, from the Faroes to southwestern Ireland in 300–1000 m.
* Strait of Gibraltar in 362–526 m.
* Gorringe Ridge seamount, moderately common in 155–1040 m.
* Ampère and Seine seamounts, rare in 235–325 m.
This apparently disjunct distribution is puzzling, but no appreciable morphological difference can be detected.
The type locality stated by Sykes (1911) is "Porcupine" 1869 sta. 65, which is North of the Hebrides, 61º10'N, 02º21'W, 345 fathoms. The lectotype in USNM is reported (Bouchet & Warén, 1985, and current USNM catalogue) to be from sta. 55 which is 60º04'N, 06º19'W, 605 fathoms.

## Ecology

The type of larval development is direct (non-planktotrophic) inferred from paucispiral protoconch.
# Thereus brocki

Thereus brocki is a species of butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It found from eastern Colombia to eastern Peru. The habitat consists of wet forests up to about 1,000 meters elevation.

## Etymology

The species is named for James Brock of Tucson, Arizona who collected the holotype.
# Kivijärvi

Kivijärvi (Finnish pronunciation:; literally "stone(y) lake") is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Central Finland region. The municipality has a population of 1,022 (31 August 2024) and covers an area of 599.88 square kilometres (231.61 sq mi) of which 115.81 km$^2$ (44.71 sq mi) is water. The population density is 2.11 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.5/sq mi).
Neighbouring municipalities are Kannonkoski, Karstula, Kinnula, Kyyjärvi, Perho and Viitasaari. The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
The municipal coat of arms of Kivijärvi is inspired by a folktale related to Kivijärvi's church. According to the story, the construction work of the first church building did not progress when all the work done during the day was mysteriously destroyed during the night. In that case, it was decided that the site of the church would be chosen by putting a rooster on the back of the lake to drift on top of the bottom log of the church, and where the rooster would land, the church of parish would be erected there. The coat of arms was designed by Gustaf von Numers and was approved for use on April 18, 1963.

## Nature

There are all together 89 lakes in Kivijärvi. Biggest lakes are Kivijärvi, Heitjärvi and Heikinjärvi. Salamajärvi National Park is partly located in Kivijärvi.

## History

The toponym was first mentioned in 1554 as Kijuijerffuj ärmarch, referring to hunting grounds held by Tavastians. The village of Kivijärvi has existed at least since 1571, when it was a part of the large Rautalampi parish. It was transferred to the Viitasaari parish after its establishment in 1628. Kivijärvi became a chapel community in 1750 and fully independent from Viitasaari in 1864. Kinnula was separated from Kivijärvi in 1904, though it had had its own church since 1867. In 1934, parts of Kivijärvi and Viitasaari were separated in order to form the Kannonkoski municipality.

### Suomenselkä municipality

Kannonkoski, Karstula, Kivijärvi and Kyyjärvi planned to merge into the Suomenselkä municipality [fi] from January 1, 2022. Karstula, Kivijärvi and Kyyjärvi accepted the merger proposal, but Kannonkoski did not. After Kannonkoski left the planned merger, Kivijärvi also left it. Later, the merger project of the remaining Karstula and Kyyjärvi also failed at the Kyyjärvi municipal council meeting held on May 17, 2021, and the Ministry of Finance does not propose a forced merger either.

## Surnames

Most common surnames and their frequencies in Kivijärvi as of 2014:
* Kinnunen (1:18)
* Kotilainen (1:24)
* Hakkarainen (1:26)
* Leppänen (1:26)
* Kainulainen (1:29)
* Piispanen (1:33)
* Paananen (1:38)
* Hytönen (1:42)
* Holm (1:44)
* Puranen (1:46)

## Notable people

* Jalmari Haapanen (1882–1961)
* Vihtori Vesterinen (1885–1958)
* Jussi Raatikainen (1898–1978)
* Jukka Sipilä (1936–2004)
* Anna-Liisa Kasurinen (born 1940)
* Zaida Bergroth (born 1977)
# Dionisio Gallarati

Dionisio Gallarati (May 8, 1923 – May 13, 2019) was an Italian mathematician, who specialised in algebraic geometry. He was a major influence on the development of algebra and geometry at the University of Genova.

## Life

Born 8 May 1923 in Savona, Italy, Gallarati joined the University of Pisa in 1941. His studies being interrupted by the war, he received his first degree from Genova.
He started his research career at l'Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica in Rome, where he was taught by Giacomo Albanese, Leonard Roth, Leonida Tonelli, E. G. Togliatti, Beniamino Segre and Francesco Severi.
He took a post at Genova in 1947, where he stayed until he retired in 1987.

## Research

Gallarati published 64 papers between 1951 and 1996.
Important amongst his research was the study of surfaces in P$^3$ with multiple isolated singularities. His lower bounds for maximal number of nodes of surfaces of degree n stood for a long time, and exact solutions for large n were still unknown in 2001.
In Grassmannian geometry he extended Segre's bound "for the number of linearly independent complexes containing the curve in the Grassmannian corresponding to the tangent lines of a nondegenerate projective curve." He extended the results to arbitrarily dimensioned varieties' tangent spaces, to higher degree complexes, and to arbitrary curves in Grassmannians corresponding to degenerate scrolls.

## Works

Gallarati wrote three books and 64 papers, in algebraic geometry, differential geometry, functional analysis, group theory, and biography. His co-authors include Giulio Aruffo, Mauro C. Beltrametti, Maria Teresa Bonardi, Gabriella Canonero, Ettore Carletti, Enrica Casazza, Mario G. Galli, Aldo Monti Iandelli, Giacomo Bragadin, Giorgio Luigi Olcese, Giulio Passatore, Luigi Robert, Aldo Rollero, Michele Sarà, Giulio Scarsi and Maria Ezia Serpico.
33 of his papers are collected in Dionisio Gallarati: Collected Papers of Dionisio Gallarati Kinston, Ontario, 2000, ed A. V. Geramita.
# Santa Dog '78

"Santa Dog '78" was a reworking of the song "Fire" from the original "Santa Dog" double single by the Residents. It was released in December 1978, packaged in a special picture sleeve and sold through mail-order only. The total run was 2700 copies.
The B-side is the original "Fire", remastered at 40 RPM.

## Track listing

* "Santa Dog '78"
* "Fire"
# Arthur Veysey

Arthur John Veysey (6 February 1881–1930) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Wolverhampton Wanderers.
# Joint law venture

In Singapore law, a joint law venture (JLV) is a law firm joint venture formed from a constituent local law firm and an offshore counterpart.

## History

The first JLVs were licensed on 10 August 2000. Of the seven partnerships, all but one have since dissolved. The frequent failures of JLVs have led to criticism of the Singapore government's conceptualisation and implementation of the JLV.
The first JLVs to be licensed :
| Joint Law Venture | Local Firm | Offshore Firm | Year of Dissolution |
| Linklaters Allen & Gledhill | Allen & Gledhill | Linklaters | 2012 |
| Freshfields Drew & Napier | Drew & Napier | Freshfields | 2007 |
| Allen & Overy Shook Lin & Bok | Shook Lin & Bok | Allen & Overy | 2009 |
| (Dissolved before operation) | Wong Partnership | Clifford Chance | 2000 |
| Hogan Lovells Lee & Lee | Lee & Lee | Hogan Lovells | Ongoing |
| Orrick Helen Yeo | Helen Yeo & Partners | Orrick Herrington & Sutcliffe | 2003 |
| White & Case Colin Ng | Colin Ng & Partners | White & Case | 2002 |

## Current JLVs

List of operating JLVs :
| Joint Law Venture | Year of Establishment |
| Mayer Brown PK Wong & Nair | 2022 |
| Simmons & Simmons JWS | 2016 |
| Clyde & Co Clasis | 2013 |
| Duane Morris & Selvam | 2011 |
| Baker Mckenzie Wong & Leow | 2001 |

## Current formal law alliances

| Formal law alliance | Ref |
| Stephenson Harwood | |
# Roxx Gang

Roxx Gang was an American glam metal band formed in 1982 in St. Petersburg, Florida. It was fronted by Kevin Steele, who formed the band along with guitarist Eric Carrell.

## History

The band garnered record company attention in 1987 with its Love 'Em and Leave 'Em demo. The band recorded its debut album Things You've Never Done Before (1988) on Virgin Records from which it released two singles "No Easy Way Out" and "Scratch My Back" with the lineup now consisting of Steele, Jeff Taylor Blanchard (guitar), Wade Hayes (guitar), Roby "Strychnine" Strine (bass), and David James Blackshire (drums). It was produced by Beau Hill and went on to sell a quarter million copies worldwide.
This version of the band broke up in 1991 because of infighting and record company issues. Steele then formed a new version of the band along with Roby Strine, guitarist Dallas Perkins and professional session/touring drummer Andy James from NYC. Years later drummer Tommy Weder and guitarist Stacey Blades replaced James and Perkins. Strine left in 1994 and was replaced by Dorian Sage. The band released the album The Voodoo You Love, its first album since Things You've Never Done Before, and went on to release several more albums in the late 1990s. The band added guitarist Jeff Vitolo and bassist Allen Brooks replaced Sage. Soon after Roxx Gang created a blues/rock alter-ego The Mojo Gurus. Vinnie Granese replaced Brooks in 1998 and Blades left citing "musical differences" after which evolution into The Mojo Gurus became permanent.
In 2006, two of its songs off of the Things You've Never Done Before album, "Ball 'N Chain" and "No Easy Way Out" were featured in the THQ action-adventure video game Saints Row.

### Members
#### Former

* Kevin Steele – lead vocals and harmonica (1982–1991, 1992–2000)
* Jeff Vitolo – guitar & backing vocals (1996–2000)
* Vinnie Granese – bass guitar and backing vocals (1998–2000)
* Tommy Weder – drums and backing vocals (1994–2000)
* Allen Brooks – bass guitar and backing vocals (1996–1998)
* Eric Carrell – guitar (1982–1986; died 1986)
* Jeff Taylor Blanchard – guitar (1987–1991)
* Stacey Blades – guitar (1994–1998)
* Wade Hayes – guitar (1986–1991)
* Roby "Strychnine" Strine – bass guitar (1987–1991, 1992–1994)
* David James Blackshire – drums (1987–1991)
* Dallas Perkins – guitar (1992–1994)
* Andy James – drums (1991–1994)
* Dorian Sage – bass guitar (1994–1996; died 2021)
* Pete Clauss – bass guitar (1982–1987)
* Doug Denardin – drums (1982–1987)

## Discography

* Love 'Em and Leave 'Em (Demo) (1987)
* Things You've Never Done Before (1988)
* The Voodoo You Love (1995)
* Mojo Gurus (1998)
* Old, New, Borrowed, and Blue (1998)
* Drinkin' T.N.T. and Smokin' Dynamite (2000)
* Bodacious Ta Tas (2001)
* Boxx of Roxx (Box Set) (2011)
* Last Laugh: The Lost Roxx Gang Demos (2014)
# Crap Towns

Crap Towns: The 50 Worst Places to Live in the UK, Crap Towns II: The Nation Decides, and Crap Towns Returns: Back by Unpopular Demand, are a series of books edited by Sam Jordison and Dan Kieran, in association with UK quarterly The Idler; in which towns in the United Kingdom were nominated by visitors to The Idler website for their "crapness", with the results being published in The Idler and in the books. A sister publication, Crap Jobs, was created by similar means, and Crap Holidays was published in October 2006. In June 2012, the editors announced that they were gathering nominations for a third edition of Crap Towns (published 2013).

## Controversy

Publication of Crap Towns brought widespread criticism from residents, politicians and other notable figures from the towns listed.
Many notable figures were quick to defend their respective towns. These included a number of MPs, such as Michael Howard, who represented Hythe in Kent, which appeared at number four in the 2003 edition. Howard said that Hythe was "the jewel of Kent."
Some thought the selection process and/or subsequent portrayals to be inherently biased, "random", subjective, inconsistent and/or unscientific. The editors of the book wrote to "local worthies" in each of the nominated towns to gain their responses and views. Local newspapers were quick to defend their towns, such as the Stockport Express in 2006.
Conversely, some former residents have tended to agree with the assessments, such as Sarfraz Manzoor, writing about Luton in The Guardian (2006). However, Manzoor also concluded that there was "of course, an unmistakable air of snobbery around the people behind such a book; the stench of rich kids having fun at the expense of those less able to afford to be professionally idle" and added that "rather than sneering at towns such as Luton, we should be applauding the contribution that crap towns have made to all our lives."

## Survey results

Readers voted for the top 50 crap towns in the UK. The top ten by reader votes in descending order of "crapness" (with 1 being the worst) were:
| Rank | 2003 | 2004 | 2013 |
| 1 | Hull | Luton | London |
| 2 | Cumbernauld | Windsor | Bradford |
| 3 | Morecambe | Sunderland | Chipping Norton |
| 4 | Hythe | Edinburgh & Glasgow (tied) | Southampton |
| 5 | Winchester | — | York |
| 6 | Liverpool | Clapham, London | Gibraltar |
| 7 | St Andrews | Bath | Coventry |
| 8 | Bexhill-on-Sea | Nottingham | Nuneaton |
| 9 | Basingstoke | Corby | High Wycombe |
| 10 | Hackney, London | Middlesbrough | Stoke-on-Trent |
# Buccinum superangulare

Buccinum superangulare is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks.
# Thereuopoda

Thereuopoda is a genus of centipedes in the family Scutigeridae.

## Species

* Thereuopoda chinensis
* Thereuopoda clunifera
* Thereuopoda longicornis
* Thereuopoda sandakana
# Alastor abditus

Alastor abditus is a species of wasp in the family Vespidae.
# Cagoule

A cagoule (French:, also spelled cagoul, kagoule or kagool), is the British English term for a lightweight weatherproof raincoat or anorak with a hood (usually without lining), which often comes in knee-length form. The Canadian English equivalent is windbreaker. The word cagoule is borrowed from the French for balaclava or hood.
In some versions, when rolled up, the hood or cross-chest front pocket doubles as a bag into which the shell can be packed.

## History and styles

A cagoule which could be rolled up into a very compact package and carried in a bag or pocket was patented by former Royal Marine Noel Bibby and launched in the UK under the brand name Peter Storm in the early 1960s.
In 1965, the French cagoule brand K-Way was introduced.
Original versions were lightweight and packable with generally an integral hood, elastic or drawstring cuffs, and a fastening at the neck. Usually, the cagoule could not open fully at the front and was pulled on over the head.
As a functional outdoor rain-garment, the original styling and proportions allowed the protection of the wearers' small personal items, such rucksack, waist bag and/or camera bag.
Later copied and marketed as a close-fitting cheap fashion accessory, the style became very popular in the United Kingdom during the 1970s.

## Gallery

* Peter Storm vintage cagoule
* Weather protection of lightweight items of personal luggage is possible
* French brand "K-Way" cagoule
# Stary Węgrzynów

Stary Węgrzynów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Słupia, 29 km (18 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 62 km (39 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.