OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Strojnik S-2

The Strojnik S-2 is an American high-wing, single-seat motor glider that was designed and built by Aleš Strojnik.

## Design and development

Strojnik completed and flew his S-2 design in 1980.
The S-2 is of mixed construction. The 49.2 ft (15 m) span wings consist of fiberglass skins built around a carbon fiber and aluminium spars. The wings employ a Wortmann FX 67-170/17 airfoil and have flaps for glidepath control. The wings are a constant chord design, with tapered wing tips. The fuselage is a pod-and-boom design, with the cockpit area made from wood, covered in fiberglass and the tail boom made from aluminium. The tail surfaces are of carbon fiber structure, covered in fiberglass. The powerplant is a Kohler Company engine of 28 hp (21 kW) that drives a folding two-bladed propeller. The engine is mounted in pusher configuration behind the cockpit, with the tail boom running underneath the propeller. The landing gear consists of two small wheels mounted in tandem on the fuselage centerline.
A two-seat version with the same external dimensions was reportedly under development in 1983.
Strojnik reported that 22 sets of plans had been sold by 1983.

## Operational history

Strojnik earned his silver badge flying the S-2. The prototype S-2 is no longer on the Federal Aviation Administration registry, but at least eight were built and in July 2011 six remain on the US register, including three S-2s and three S-2As.

## Variants
### S-2

    Initial version

### S-2A

    Improved version

### S-4 "Laminar Magic"

    One-off, registration number N85AS. Smaller, short-wing version, which set a US national aviation speed record in FAI Category C-1a/0 (European microlight, under 300kg gross weight) in 1987.

### S-5

    One-off aircraft, registration number N51152. Added slightly greater wingspan to existing S-4 fuselage for better performance in recreational flying.

## Specifications (S-2)

Data from Sailplane Directory and Soaring
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Length: 22.6 ft (6.9 m)
* Wingspan: 49.2 ft (15.0 m)
* Wing area: 127 sq ft (11.8 m$^2$)
* Aspect ratio: 19:1
* Airfoil: Wortmann FX 67-170/17
* Empty weight: 617 lb (280 kg)
* Gross weight: 980 lb (445 kg)
* Powerplant: 1 × Kohler Company , 28 hp (21 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed folding
Performance
* Stall speed: 38 mph (61 km/h, 33 kn) at a wing loading of 6.6 lb/sq ft
* Never exceed speed: 149 mph (240 km/h, 129 kn)
* Maximum glide ratio: 34:1 at 55 mph (89 km/h)
* Rate of climb: 350 ft/min (1.8 m/s)
* Rate of sink: 132 ft/min (0.67 m/s) at 42 mph (68 km/h)
* Wing loading: 7.7 lb/sq ft (38 kg/m$^2$)
# David Elliott (professor)

David Elliott is Professor of Technology Policy at the Open University. He has created several courses in Design and Innovation, with special emphasis on how the innovation development process can be directed towards sustainable technologies. Elliott's main research interests include the development of sustainable energy technologies, particularly renewable energy systems.

## Selected publications

* Nuclear or Not? Does nuclear power have a place in a sustainable energy future?, Palgrave, 2007.
* Sustainable Energy: Opportunities and Limitations, Palgrave, 2007.
* "Energy Regime Choices: Nuclear or Not?", Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 18, No. 5, 1–6, December 2006.
* "Comparing Support for Renewable Power" in V Lauber (ed) Switching to Renewable Power, Earthscan, pp 219–227, 2005, ISBN 1-902916-65-4
* 'Fukushima: impacts and implications', Palgrave Macmillan, 2012
* 'Renewables: A review of sustainable energy', supply options Institute of Physics, 2013
* 'Green Energy Futures', Palgrave Pivot e-book, 2015
* 'Balancing Green Power', Institute of Physics, 2016
* 'Nuclear Power: past, present and future', Institute of Physics, 2017
* 'Renewable Energy: from Europe to Africa', Palgrave pivot, with T.Cook, 2018
* 'Renewable Energy: past, present and future'. Palgrave, 2019
* Web link to Blogs and Renew newsletter:
https://renewnatta.wordpress.com
# Diachrysia stenochrysis

Diachrysia stenochrysis is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in Europe, the Caucasus, the Far East, Primorye, Ussuri, Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Transbaikalia, Siberia and Japan.
The wingspan is 32–34 mm. Warren (1914) states (original description) P. stenochrysis spec. nov. (64 f). As large as or larger than Diachrysia chrysitis, but with the forewing narrower;the costal portion of median fascia with conversely oblique edges, and nearly twice as wide on costa as in Diachrysia nadeja Oberthür, 1880. Several examples from Ichikishiri, Yesso, in Tring Museum.
The larvae feed on Urtica species and other plants.
# South Wheal Frances Mine

South Wheal Frances is a former mine accessing the copper and tin of the Great Flat Lode south of Camborne in Cornwall, England.

## Mine

Mining began in the local area in the early 1720s. Mining for copper was first documented at the site in the 1820s. After Lady Frances Bassett, the mineral Lord, offered a new lease on the land in 1834 production resumed. Tin mining commenced in 1852. The mine complex is centred on Marriott's Shaft which had been sunk by 1845. It was at its most productive between 1844 and 1895. Altogether 67,866 tons of copper and 9,716 tons of tin ores were extracted. After the extent of the Great Flat Lode was discovered in 1872-74 a winding engine house was built at Pascoe's Shaft in 1879 and a pumping engine house housing an 80-inch cylinder was built in 1887.
An engine house with a 75-inch cylinder pumping engine installed at Marriott's shaft in 1847 pumped water from Pascoe's shaft as well as Marriott's. In 1857 a 24-inch winder was installed in close proximity. An engine house housing a 30-inch cylinder engine for both pumping and winding was built at the Daubuz shaft between 1879 and 1881. The shaft was sunk when mining reached the Great Flat Lode and was named after a company shareholder. The mine was owned by South Frances United in 1892 and the company amalgamated with neighbouring Wheal Basset in 1895 becoming the Basset Mines. Between 1896 and 1899 a major refurbishment of the shaft was undertaken, enabling mining to take places as far down as 6,000 feet.
By the early 20th century, several thousand men, women, bal maidens, and children worked in the mine. A slump in tin prices during World War I led to the mine's closure in 1918.

## Remains

The site of the mine is marked by extensive remains around Marriott's and Pascoe's shafts. The surviving features include the derelict, roofless winding engine house to Marriott's shaft that was built in the 1890s. It is constructed of granite rubble with quoins and brick arches to the window openings. As are most remains on the site, it is a Grade II listed building. It contained a horizontal cross-compound engine made by Holman's of Camborne, with 23- and 43-inch cylinders either side of its conical winding drum.
The derelict boiler house at Marriott's shaft is built of granite rubble with quoins at the corners and brick arch openings. Now roofless, it once contained six Lancashire boilers to power a pumping engine, winder, compressor, crusher, and capstan.
# Center Township, LaPorte County, Indiana

Center Township is one of twenty-one townships in LaPorte County, Indiana. As of the 2020 census, its population was 25,274 (up from 25,075 at 2010) and it contained 10,055 housing units.

## History

Center Township (also historically spelled Centre) was established in 1833. It was named from its position near the geographical center of LaPorte County.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 32.96 square miles (85.4 km$^2$), of which 30.98 square miles (80.2 km$^2$) (or 93.99%) is land and 1.98 square miles (5.1 km$^2$) (or 6.01%) is water.
# Shaun Steels

Shaun 'Winter' Taylor-Steels (born Shaun Steels, 22 August 1970) is a British heavy metal drummer and bassist. Steels, born in Normanton, West Yorkshire, is of Scottish and Norwegian descent on his mother's side of the family.
Steels replaced Bill Law in My Dying Bride, and once was a member of Anathema. Like many other metal musicians, he has a pseudonym and adopted the stage name 'Winter'.
Shortly before the release of the 2006 album A Line of Deathless Kings, Steels announced his permanent departure from My Dying Bride due to health concerns.
In the band's official statement concerning his departure, Steels is quoted as saying, "I would just like to salute MDB for the good times and wish them all well in the future, I feel I am not ready to fulfill the duties in a manner befitting MDB at this time and have decided to stand down. I am sad to be leaving but at this time I feel it is for the greater good of the band".
Steels also recorded drums with the Norwegian metal band Vestige of Virtue alongside Kjetil Ottersen and Frode Forsmo.
Steels returned to My Dying Bride as a studio drummer for their 2012 album A Map of All Our Failures. In May 2013, Steels also replaced Hayley Morgan in Yorkshire black metal band Severed Heaven. After two years with the band he left and joined Darkher.
He recorded 'realms' and played live with the band from 2015 to 2017. In 2016, Steels recorded a live session with Darkher at the Maida Vale recording studios in London for BBC Radio 1.
In 2017 he rejoined My Dying Bride as a full-time member. but then departed from the band again in 2018. In December 2018, it was wrongly publicised that Steels had been sacked from the band. He had in fact left months before it was made public due to being extremely unhappy with the situation he found himself in.. Steels also plays drums alongside longtime friend and fellow musician Hamish Glencross in the blackened doom metal band Godthrymm.
Steels is endorsed by Czarcie Kopyto custom made drum pedals.
# Bronco Buster (Proctor)

Bronco Buster is a 1920 statue by Alexander Phimister Proctor, installed in Denver, Colorado, United States.
# Sichuan Chengdu Shude High School

Sichuan Chengdu Shude High School (四川省成都市树德中学), also known as Sichuan Chengdu No. 9 High School, is a public secondary school in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The school is operated by the Chengdu Municipal Education Bureau.
The school's name "Shu De" translates to "cultivation of morals."

## History

In 1929, Sun Zhen (孫震), the deputy general of the 29th Brigade of the National Revolutionary Army of the Kuomintang founded the first Shude Compulsory School. Between 1929 and 1932, Sun Zhen founded four other Shude Primary Schools. One of the primary schools was later expanded to include a middle school division, of which the boys' division was located at Shude Lane (樹德里) on Ningxia Street (寧夏街), and the girls' division was located at Shude Alley (樹德巷) on Ningxia Street (寧夏街).
In the fall of 1937, with the donations from the then Governor of the Sichuan Province, Li Jieren and Chairman Chen of the Jiale Paper Mill, the school was expanded to include a high school division. A school board was formed. Since then, Shude High School became a fully operating coeducational secondary cchool.
Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, in 1950, the school was nationalized and renamed Chengdu No. 9 High School (成都九中) by the Chengdu Municipal People's Government.

## Branch schools

* Chengdu Shude Union School (成都树德联合中学)
* Chengdu Shude Experimental Middle School (成都树德实验中学)

### International department

The International Department of Shude High School, jointly set up by Chengdu Shude High School and Chengdu Huaying Consulting and Service Ltd., was accredited by Chengdu Bureau of Education in 2002. (Verification No:(2005) 5). To date, the school offers the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE), the International Baccalaureate (IB) and the Advanced Placement (AP) Program.
# Admiralty Constabulary

The Admiralty Constabulary was a police force in the United Kingdom formed under the Special Constables Act 1923. It was formed on 1 October 1949 by merging the Royal Marine Police and the Royal Marine Police Special Reserve (both policing dockyards since 1923) and the Admiralty Civil Police (previously policing naval hospitals). That Admiralty Constabulary was in turn amalgamated with the Army Department Constabulary and the Air Force Department Constabulary in 1971 to form the Ministry of Defence Police.

## Precursors

The constabulary can trace its history back to 1686 when the Royal Navy needed an organisation to prevent dockyard crime. So the Secretary to the Admiralty – Samuel Pepys, the diarist – formed a force of 'porters, rounders, warders and watchmen' to guard the naval yards. Porters identified and escorted visitors, rounders patrolled the yard, warders were responsible for the keys and backed up the porters at the gates, and the part-time watchmen guarded buildings and areas by night.
In 1834 this force became the first dockyard police, with full police powers within the dockyards, and acting as policemen over offences committed by employees and naval personnel within a radius of five miles of the yard. Rewards for obtaining convictions quickly led to corruption, so the force was 'cleaned up' and then abolished. In 1860 dockyard divisions of the Metropolitan Police took over and senior naval officers became magistrates. From 1923 onwards the Metropolitan Police presence began to be replaced by Royal Marines appointed as special constables under the Special Constables Act 1923. No. 3 (Devonport) Division was the last of these six divisions to be pulled out, leaving in 1934, the year which also saw the formal formation of the Royal Marine Police.
# Scott McConnell

Scott McConnell (born 1952) is an American journalist best known as a founding editor of The American Conservative.

## Early life

McConnell was born in 1952. He is the great grandson of businessman David H. McConnell, the founder of Avon, and is also the stepson of actor Sterling Hayden. He was educated at Phillips Exeter Academy. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1975 and, after working on the 1976 presidential campaign of Jimmy Carter, a Ph.D. in history in 1987, all from Columbia University.

## Career

McConnell began writing for publications such as Commentary and National Review. In 1989, McConnell became an editorial writer and later columnist for the New York Post and served as editorial page editor in 1997. He was a columnist for Antiwar.com until 2002. He co-founded The American Conservative with Pat Buchanan and Taki Theodoracopolous in 2002. At the end of 2004, McConnell became the sole editor of TAC.
McConnell is the author of several books. In Leftward Journey: The Education of Vietnamese Students in France, 1919–1939, he argues that French paternalistic attitudes led to the rejection of liberalism by Vietnamese students, whose nationalism subsequently radicalized along Marxism lines.
# David Elliott (diplomat)

David Murray Elliott, KCMG, CB, (8 February 1930 - 10 February 2023) was a British diplomat widely known as one of the founding fathers of the European Single Market.

## Early life

Elliott was born in Lewisham, South London and educated at Bishopshalt Grammar School and the London School of Economics, where he was a Kitchener Scholar. During his time at the LSE he was approached by MI5 but turned the offer down.

## Early career

After completion of his national service in the Royal Air Force, in 1954 Elliott joined the Civil Service, initially within the Post Office, and then during the 1960s and 70s moving through various roles in the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. Following a posting between 1975 and 1978 to the UK embassy to Brussels while on secondment to the Diplomatic Service, he was appointed to a senior role as an Undersecretary within the European Secretariat of the Cabinet Office.

## Later career

In 1982, Elliott was appointed the UK’s Minister and Deputy Permanent Representative to Europe, a post he held until 1991. From 1986 to 1990, he and his boss, the Permanent Representative Sir David Hannay, successfully represented the UK in its negotiations with its European Treaty partners on the technical development, implementation, and workings of the European Single Market. In 1991, Elliott was appointed to a senior post within the European Institutions as Director General (Internal Market) in the Council Secretariat, with responsibility for the administrative aspects of implementing the Council’s plans around the operation and expansion of the single market and free-trade across the European Community.

## Honours

Elliott was appointed a Companion of the Bath in the Queen's Birthday Honours of 1987, and was advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in the Queen's Birthday Honours of 1995.

## Retirement

Following his retirement in 1995, Elliott was until 2001 a Board member of the international aid charity CARE, and was involved in the pre-accession preparations of six European nations which had applied to join the EU: Hungary, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Slovenia.

## Assessment

His obituary in The Times noted that from humble beginnings Elliott quickly came to the notice of the Foreign Office through his work ethic, quick mastery of technical detail and negotiating prowess, ending up as one of the founding fathers of the European Single Market.
# AdS/CMT correspondence

In theoretical physics, anti-de Sitter/condensed matter theory correspondence is the program to apply string theory to condensed matter theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence.

## Overview

Over the decades, experimental condensed matter physicists have discovered a number of exotic states of matter, including superconductors and superfluids. These states are described using the formalism of quantum field theory, but some phenomena are difficult to explain using standard field theoretic techniques. Some condensed matter theorists including Subir Sachdev hope that the AdS/CFT correspondence will make it possible to describe these systems in the language of string theory and learn more about their behavior.
So far some success has been achieved in using string theory methods to describe the transition of a superfluid to an insulator. A superfluid is a system of electrically neutral atoms that flows without any friction. Such systems are often produced in the laboratory using liquid helium, but recently experimentalists have developed new ways of producing artificial superfluids by pouring trillions of cold atoms into a lattice of criss-crossing lasers. These atoms initially behave as a superfluid, but as experimentalists increase the intensity of the lasers, they become less mobile and then suddenly transition to an insulating state. During the transition, the atoms behave in an unusual way. For example, the atoms slow to a halt at a rate that depends on the temperature and on the Planck constant, the fundamental parameter of quantum mechanics, which does not enter into the description of the other phases. This behavior has recently been understood by considering a dual description where properties of the fluid are described in terms of a higher dimensional black hole.

## Criticism

Despite many physicists turning towards string-based methods to address problems in condensed matter physics, some theorists working in this area have expressed doubts about whether the AdS/CFT correspondence can provide the tools needed to realistically model real-world systems. In a letter to Physics Today, Nobel laureate Philip W. Anderson wrote
   "As a very general problem with the AdS/CFT approach in condensed-matter theory, we can point to those telltale initials "CFT"—conformal field theory. Condensed-matter problems are, in general, neither relativistic nor conformal. Near a quantum critical point, both time and space may be scaling, but even there we still have a preferred coordinate system and, usually, a lattice. There is some evidence of other linear-T phases to the left of the strange metal about which they are welcome to speculate, but again in this case the condensed-matter problem is overdetermined by experimental facts."
# Rubescourt

Rubescourt is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Rubescourt is situated some 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Amiens, on the D214 road
# Center Township, Jennings County, Indiana

Center Township is one of eleven townships in Jennings County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 8,171 (down from 8,894 at 2010) and it contained 3,605 housing units.

## History

Center Township was established in 1855, and was so named from its position at the geographical center of Jennings County.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 25.21 square miles (65.3 km$^2$), of which 25.2 square miles (65 km$^2$) (or 99.96%) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.026 km$^2$) (or 0.04%) is water. The streams of Deer Creek, Long Branch, Pleasant Run and Woods Branch run through this township.

### Cities and towns

* North Vernon (vast majority)

### Unincorporated towns

* Oakdale

### Adjacent townships

* Sand Creek Township (north)
* Campbell Township (east)
* Vernon Township (south)
* Spencer Township (west)
* Geneva Township (northwest)

### Cemeteries

The township contains three cemeteries: Hill Crest, Saint Marys and Summerfield.

### Major highways

* U.S. Route 50
* State Road 3
* State Road 7

### Airports and landing strips

* North Vernon Airport
# 1981 Sacramento State Hornets football team

The 1981 Sacramento State Hornets football team represented California State University, Sacramento as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1981 NCAA Division II football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Bob Mattos, Sacramento State compiled an overall record of 5–6 with a mark of 1–4 in conference play, placing fifth in the FWC. The team outscored its opponents 256 to 186 for the season. The Hornets played home games at Hornet Stadium in Sacramento, California.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 12 | at San Francisco* | San Francisco, CA | W 47–0 | 4,517 |
| September 19 | Cal Poly Pomona* | Hornet StadiumSacramento, CA | L 7–14 | 4,810 |
| September 26 | at Saint Mary's* | Saint Mary's StadiumMoraga, CA | W 14–9 | 4,000 |
| October 3 | Redlands* | Hornet StadiumSacramento, CA | W 45–8 | 4,030 |
| October 10 | San Francisco State | Hornet StadiumSacramento, CA | W 38–17 | 4,090 |
| October 17 | at Cal Lutheran* | Mt. Clef FieldThousand Oaks, CA | L 6–13 | 1,500 |
| October 24 | at Chico State | University StadiumChico, CA | L 24–34 | 5,310–5,562 |
| October 31 | Cal State Hayward | Hornet StadiumSacramento, CA | L 10–27 | 3,461 |
| November 7 | Cal State Northridge* | Hornet StadiumSacramento, CA | W 33–20 | 2,503 |
| November 14 | at Humboldt State | Redwood BowlArcata, CA | L 19–23 | 1,700–1,723 |
| November 21 | at UC Davis | Toomey FieldDavis, CA (rivalry) | L 13–21 | 5,600 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||