OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Julie Kovacs

Julia A. Kovacs is an American chemist specializing in bioinorganic chemistry. She is professor of chemistry at the University of Washington. Her research involves synthesizing small-molecule mimics of the active sites of metalloproteins, in order to investigate how cysteinates influence the function of non-heme iron enzymes, and the mechanism of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC).

## Early life and education

Kovacs completed her undergraduate degree at Michigan State University, graduating with a B.S. in chemistry in 1981. There, she worked with Prof. Bruce Averill on the synthesis of iron-sulfur cluster compounds, which mimic the FeMo-cofactor of nitrogenase. She then moved to Harvard University for graduate studies, and there she continued her work on iron-sulfur clusters with Prof. Richard H. Holm. Kovacs graduated with her PhD in 1986. She then moved to California to conduct postdoctoral research at the University of California, Berkeley, where she worked with Prof. Robert G. Bergman on heterobimetallic sulfur-bridged complexes.

## Research and career

Kovacs began her independent research career in 1988 when she joined the University of Washington as an assistant professor. She was promoted to associate professor in 1994, then further promoted to full professor in 2001. She was chair of the American Chemical Society Division of Inorganic Chemistry in 2020.
Kovacs' research involves investigations into the role of thiolates in dioxygen chemistry. Non-heme iron enzymes are known to promote biological reactions, but the mechanisms by which cysteinates impact their function are not well understood.
Kovacs is interested in the formation of the oxygen–oxygen bond. In nature, it is this oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) that stores solar energy in chemical bonds. By creating a series of small molecule analogues, Kovacs studies the radical coupling mechanism by which Mn$^{IV}$-oxyl radicals attach bridging oxo groups. She also investigates nucleophilic attack of Mn$^V$-oxo due to hydroxyl groups on the OEC. The small molecules include nitrogen and sulphur and a particular stereochemistry. Through synthesis of organic molecules with a variety of different molecular frameworks, Kovacs investigates their structure-property relationships and the reactivity of the resulting transition-metal complexes. Kovacs has also studied the activity of meta-stable thiolate-ligated manganese peroxo intermediates.

### Selected publications

Her publications include:
* Synthetic analogues of cysteinate-ligated non-heme iron and non-corrinoid cobalt enzymes (DOI: 10.1021/cr020619e)
* Synthetic Models for the Cysteinate-Ligated Non-Heme Iron Enzyme Superoxide Reductase:  Observation and Structural Characterization by XAS of an Fe$^{III}$−OOH Intermediate (DOI: 10.1021/ja012722b)
* Understanding how the thiolate sulfur contributes to the function of the non-heme iron enzyme superoxide reductase (DOI: 10.1021/ar600059h)
# Simona Vinci

Simona Vinci (born 6 March 1970) is an Italian writer.

## Life

Vinci was born in Milan and studied modern literature at the University of Bologna. Vinci was a member of the editorial board for the online literary magazine Incubatoio 16. In 2000, she hosted the cultural television program Cenerentola.
In 1997, Vinci published the novel Dei bambini non si sa niente; in 2000, it was awarded the Elsa Morante award for best first work. It was translated into a number of different languages; its English title is A Game We Play. In Italy, the novel has been praised by some critics and condemned as perverted by others.

## Selected works

* In tutti i sensi come l'amore, short stories (1999), finalist for the Premio Campiello, translated into English as In Every Sense Like Love: Stories (2001)
* Corri Matilda, children's literature (1998)
* Matildacity, children's literature (1998)
* Come prima delle madri, novel (2003), finalist for the Premio Campiello
* Stanza 411, autobiographical fiction (2005)
# Jur language

Luwo (Luo, Dheluwo), is a language spoken by the Luo people of Bahr el Ghazal region in South Sudan. The language is predominantly spoken in the western and northern parts of Bahr el Ghazal. The Luwo form a majority in the Jur River County.
The language is part of the Luo languages of East Africa and is especially related to the languages of South Sudan such as Anyuak and Päri with whom it forms a dialect cluster.

## Etymology

The Luwo language is spoken by the Luwo (or Jur Col), an ethnic group in South Sudan. Jur is exonym adopted from the local Dinka language whose speakers are the Luwo's northern and eastern neighbours. Its original Dinka usage, non-cattle-holding non-Dinka, was not particular to the Jur. Jur Col ("black Jur") is today used to disambiguate Luwo from other Jur groups.

## Status

Dhe Luwo is currently a developing language. Meaning that the language is developing its written language, standard dialect and undergoing modernization.

## Phonology
### Consonants

| | | Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n̪ | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t̪ | t | c | k | ʔ |
| Plosive | voiced | b | d̪ | d | ɟ | g | |
| Trill | Trill | | | r | | | |
| Lateral | Lateral | | | l | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | | | j | | |
* /k/ can sometimes be heard as [ɣ] in intervocalic position.
* /ŋ/ can sometimes be heard as [h] in intervocalic position among speakers of the eastern dialects.
* /r/ can be heard as a tap [ɾ] in word-final position.
* All consonant sounds except the voiced stops /b, d̪, d, ɟ, ɡ/ and the two glides /w, j/ can occur as geminated [Cː].
* Labialization [Cʷ] may occur among all consonants except /d̪, ɟ, n̪, n, r, w, j/.
* Palatalization [Cʲ] may occur among consonants /t, c, d̪, ɡ, m, l/.

### Vowels

Oral vowels :
| | +ATR | +ATR | +ATR | -ATR | -ATR | -ATR |
| | Front | Central | Back | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i iː | | u uː | ɪ ɪː | | ʊ ʊː |
| Mid | e eː | ʌ̈ ʌ̈ː | o oː | ɛ ɛː | | ɔ ɔː |
| Open | | | | | a aː | |
Breathy vowels :
| | +ATR | +ATR | +ATR | -ATR | -ATR | -ATR |
| | Front | Central | Back | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i̤ i̤ː | | ṳ ṳː | ɪ̤ ɪ̤ː | | ʊ̤ ʊ̤ː |
| Mid | e̤ e̤ː | ʌ̤̈ ʌ̤̈ː | o̤ o̤ː | ɛ̤ ɛ̤ː | | ɔ̤ ɔ̤ː |
| Open | | | | | a̤ a̤ː | |

## Sample phrases

| English | Luwo |
| Hello (How are you?) | Mahdhia (Ni dih)? |
| I am fine (nothing bad) | Gihn me raaj tooro. |
| What is your name? | Nyingi nga'a? |
| My name is Dimo. | Nyinga Dimo. |
| Child | Nyithiin |
| Boy | Nyidhohg |
| Girl | Nyakuo |
| God is great. | Juag Duohng. |
| Good | Ber |
| Thank you! | Kori! |
| I am happy. | Ciwnya med. |
# Brainerd (band)

Brainerd is an American hard rock band formed in Madison, Wisconsin in 2002 by lead singer and bass player Daniel Dieterich. Current members include Shawn Blackler (guitar), Chad Ovshak (drums), and Jon Chvojicek (guitar).

## History

Brainerd was formed in Madison, Wisconsin in 2002 by featuring Daniel Dieterich (bass and vocals), Matt "Knife" Porwall (guitar), Travis Kasperbauer (rhythm guitar), and Tony Leskinnen (drums), who aimed to blend the punk rock, rock, and metal music styles, while portraying true stories about "living life to its most extreme potential." Occasionally delving into stories of violence, death, and the demonic, the lyrics provide a powerful insight into the mind of people affected by psychological and actual violence.
Tony Leskinnen left in 2003 to play with The Skintones and was replaced by Andy Kinzler, a friend of Kasperbauer from the Madison Media Institute, himself joining Mountain Gator and replaced by Mike "Magma" Henry from Bongzilla, who left for The Garza and Aquilonian. Chad Ovshak is the current drummer. Matt Porwall (lead guitar) was replaced by Shawn Blackler from Striking Irwin, and Travis Kasperbauer (rhythm guitar) quit in 2007 to play with Whore du Jour, and was replaced by Jonny "Vortex" Chvojicek from Brickshithouse and the High Noon Saloon.
Brainerd hosts the bi-annual Turbojugend Bloodbath concert series.

## Discography
### There's No Eye In Pussy

    Crustacean Records (2003)
    Members: Daniel Dieterich, Matt Porwall, Travis Kasperbauer, Andy Kinzler

### Animal Mother

    Self Release (2005), Zodiac Killer Records (2008)
    Members: Daniel Dieterich, Shawn Blackler, Travis Kasperbauer, Andy Kinzler

### S/T "The Goat"

    Zodiac Killer Records (2009)
    Members: Daniel Dieterich, Shawn Blackler, Jon Chvojicek, Mike Henry

### Compilations
#### We Will Bury You (Killdozer tribute album)

    Crustacean Records (2005)

#### 94.1 WJJO

    Locals Only (2007)

#### Drink, Fight & Fuck No. 2

    Zodiac Killer Records (2008)

#### Mad Rollin’ Dolls

    Midwest Family Album (2008)
# Brainerd

Brainerd may refer to:

## Place names in the United States

* Brainerd, a neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois
** Brainerd station, a train station in Chicago
* Brainerd, Kansas, an unincorporated community
* Brainerd, Minnesota, a city
** Brainerd International Raceway, near Brainerd, Minnesota

## People

* Brainerd (surname)
* Brainerd (given name)

## Schools in the United States

* Brainerd Institute, a former school for African Americans in Chester, South Carolina, expanded to include Brainerd Junior College in 1934
* Brainerd High School (Minnesota), Brainerd, Minnesota
* Brainerd High School (Tennessee), Chattanooga, Tennessee
* Brainerd School, a one-room schoolhouse in Mount Holly, New Jersey

## Other uses

* Brainerd (band), an American hard rock band
* Brainerd diarrhea
* Brainerd Mission, a former Christian mission to the Cherokee in present-day Chattanooga, Tennessee
# Brainerd, Kansas

Brainerd is an unincorporated community in Butler County, Kansas, United States. It is located on the north side of K-196 highway between the cities of Whitewater and Potwin.

## History
### Early history

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

### 19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Butler County was established within the Kansas Territory, which included the land for modern day Brainerd.
A post office was established in Holden on December 14, 1870, then renamed to Brainerd on January 25, 1886. The post office closed on August 31, 1907.
Brainerd was platted in 1885 around a depot along the McPherson branch of the Missouri Pacific Railroad. The community was named for Elisha B. Brainerd, an original landowner. It quickly grew, including some businesses and houses from nearby community of Plum Grove.

### 20th century

In 1961, Frederic Remington High School was built immediately north of Brainerd. Leading up to this new school, Whitewater, Potwin, Brainerd, Elbing, Furley, Countryside, and Golden Gate schools merged to form a joint rural high school. Heated opposition between Whitewater and Potwin occurred during the discussion for the location of the new high school. Rural voters pushed for a centralized location in neither town. A public vote was passed to build the new school near Brainerd.

### 21st century

In 2006, the Remington Rock monument was built near the Frederic Remington High School.

## Geography

Brainerd is located at 37°57′4″N 97°5′43″W﻿ / ﻿37.95111°N 97.09528°W﻿ / 37.95111; -97.09528 (37.9511267, -97.0953122), which is the north side of K-196 highway between the cities of Whitewater and Potwin.

## Education

The community is served by Remington USD 206 public school district. The Remington High School mascot is a Bronco.
* Frederic Remington High School north side of Brainerd.
* Remington Middle School in Whitewater.
* Remington Elementary School in Potwin.

## Media
### Print

* The Newton Kansan, regional newspaper from Newton.
* Butler County Times-Gazette, regional newspaper from El Dorado.
* The Wichita Eagle, major regional newspaper from Wichita.

### Radio

Goessel is served by numerous radio stations of the Wichita-Hutchinson listening market area, and satellite radio. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

### Television

Goessel is served by over-the-air ATSC digital TV of the Wichita-Hutchinson viewing market area, cable TV, and satellite TV. See Media in Wichita, Kansas.

## Infrastructure
### Transportation

K-196 highway runs along the south side of the community.
# Jure Močnik

Jure Močnik (born August 23, 1985) is a Slovenian former professional basketball player.
# Sir Roger Meredith, 5th Baronet

Sir Roger Meredith, 5th Baronet (c. 1677 – 31 December 1738) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1727 to 1734.
Meredith was the son of Sir Richard Meredith, 2nd Baronet and his wife Susanna Skippon, daughter of Philip Skippon of Foulsham Norfolk. He succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his brother Sir Richard Meredith in 1723.
In 1727, Meredith was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Kent and held the seat to 1734.
Meredith lived at Leeds Abbey in Kent. He died in December 1738 and was buried at Leeds church, Kent in January 1739 having a monument erected to his memory.
Meredith married Maria Gott, widow of Samuel Gott and daughter of Francis Tyssen of Shacklewell. They had no children and on his death, the baronetcy became extinct. He devised his estates to his niece Susanna Meredith, daughter of his brother colonel Henry Meredith.
# Sir William Bellingham, 1st Baronet

Sir William Bellingham, 1st Baronet (c. 1756 – 27 October 1826) was an Irish-born British politician and the Controller of Storekeepers Accounts for the Royal Navy. Bellingham was charged with organizing and procuring provisions for the Vancouver Expedition. Though he never saw the Pacific Ocean, Bellingham Bay and the city of Bellingham, Washington, are named for him.

## Early life

William Bellingham was the son of Col. Alan Bellingham (of Castlebellingham) and Alice Montgomery, daughter of Rev. Hans Montgomery of Grey Abbey House, County Down. Bellingham was one of four siblings (O'Bryen, Thomas, and Alan).
He attended Trinity College, Dublin, graduating in 1778 as a Bachelor of Arts. In 1783 he married Hester Frances Cholmondeley (1763-1844), granddaughter of George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley and daughter of Mary Woffington.

## Career

Bellingham moved to Reigate, Surrey, and from 1784 through 1789 held the elected office of Member of Parliament in the House of Commons.
In 1789 he was appointed commissioner for the victualling of the Royal Navy,. on the 21 January 1790 he was appointed Controller of Storekeepers Accounts a post he held til 1793 when he was succeeded by Sir Frederick Rogers. During this time he oversaw the provisioning of George Vancouver's expedition along the West Coast of North America. Bellingham Bay was named by Vancouver in his honor. Later the city of Bellingham, Washington was also named for him. He was the Receiver of the Sixpenny Office, an Admiralty fund that collected sixpence from every serving sailor's wage for the Greenwich Hospital.
He became the private secretary of the Right Honourable William Pitt, and was created a baronet, of Castle Bellingham on 19 April 1796. He was also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and was Receiver General of the Land and Assessed Taxe of London.
He died in 1826 and was buried in the family vault at St Mary's Church of Ireland, Kilsaran Parish, in Castle Bellingham.
# Sir William Blackstone's Reports

Reports in K.B. and C.P., from 1746 to 1779 is the title of a collection of nominate reports, by Sir William Blackstone, of cases decided between approximately 1746 and 1780. For the purpose of citation their name may be abbreviated to "Black W" or "Bl W". They are in two volumes. They are reprinted in volume 96 of the English Reports.
In 1847, John Gage Marvin said:
   With respect to these reports, as they neither possess nor claim any merit other than that of fidelity and accuracy, so they are neither much better nor much worse than any other reports. The cases that compose the first volume commence with the reporter's admission to the bar, whose attendance upon the Courts was subsequently much interrupted by his call to Oxford. The second volume is by far the most valuable, since it contains an unbroken series of decisions of the Court of Common Pleas during the time the author sat as one of the judges. It is pretty much generally acknowledged that the publication of these volumes has not added much to the literary reputation of Blackstone. "The first volume is inferior to Burrows, and the second not superior to Wilson." Lord Mansfield impugned their accuracy, and Mr. Justice Lewis says of them, "though the production of an able judge, they are not of the highest authority." The last edition of these reports was ably edited by Elsley, and they are now cited with pretty general favour and respect. The editions are, 2 vols. folio, London, 1780; 2 vols., 8vo., 1781, Dublin, 1789, and the above. Wallace's Reporters, 65; 67 Monthly Review, 10; Douglas, 93, n; 1 Johnson's Cases, 45.
# Branislav Ikonić

Branislav Ikonić (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранислав Иконић; 21 June 1928 – 16 January 2002) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician who served as prime minister of Serbia from 1982 to 1986. As a member of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, he was also the president of the National Assembly of Serbia from 1986 to 1988.

## Biography

He graduated from the University of Belgrade School of Electrical Engineering and worked in "Viskoza" company from Loznica as an engineer, technical and general director of the company until 1965. Afterwards he served as the vice president, president of the Republic Chamber of Commerce of Serbia. Ikonić held a number of political positions in Serbia and Yugoslavia.
He is one of the few Serbian politicians who, after the Milošević-Stambolić split, did not side with Milošević's faction.
# Justice Flaherty

Justice Flaherty may refer to:
* Francis Flaherty (judge) (born 1947), associate justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court
* John P. Flaherty Jr. (1931–2019), associate justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
# Canarium divergens

Canarium divergens is a tree in the family Burseraceae. The specific epithet divergens is from the Latin meaning 'diverging', referring to the branching of the inflorescences.

## Description

Canarium divergens grows up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 45 centimetres (18 in). The scaly bark is grey-white. The ellipsoid fruits are yellowish-green when fresh and measure up to 8.5 cm (3 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

Canarium divergens is endemic to Borneo. Its habitat is mixed dipterocarp forests from sea-level to 450 metres (1,500 ft) elevation.
# Ryan Pronk

Ryan Pronk (born 1986) is a national checkers champion from Arizona. He holds the title of Arizona State and Western Regional champion. Ryan began playing checkers in the summer of 2000, at age 14, and played in his first tournament in 2002. In 2004 he became the Minnesota State Champion, Midwest Regional Champion, and Tennessee State Majors Champion. In 2005 Ryan won the United States Junior Championship, and repeated this victory in 2006 and 2007. In 2011, Ryan won the North Carolina 11-man ballot. Ryan lives in Virginia where he won the 2011 state championship. Ryan is ranked 20th draughts player in the world. He remains active in the checkers community.

## Sources

1. The American Checker Federation, Ryan Pronk
2. USA checkers
3. North Carolina Checker Association
4. The ACF forum
# Reuven Dov Dessler

Reuven Dov Dessler (1863–1935) was a rabbinic leader of the Musar movement and the director of the Kelm Talmud Torah from 1918 until 1931.
He was born in 1863 in the city of Liepāja (Libau) in Courland, Latvia. His parents were strong supporters of the Musar movement and especially of the efforts of Rabbi Simcha Zissel Ziv, who directed a yeshiva known as the Kelm Talmud Torah. In 1874, at the age of eleven, Reuven Dov became a student at the Talmud Torah, and he remained a student there as a student of Ziv for many years.
While continuing to study at the Talmud Torah, Reuven Dov also took a position in the timber industry. In 1891, he married Hene Freidel Grodznsky, the daughter of Rabbi Eliyahu Eliezer Grodzensky and granddaughter of Rabbi Yisroel Lipkin Salanter, the father of the Musar movement. They had a son, Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler. Hene Freidel died in 1895. Reuven Dov later remarried to Frume Rochel Rabinovitch, the daughter of Rabbi Ya'akov Rabinovitch of Telsiai. Frume Rochel died in a terrible domestic accident in December, 1922.
In 1918, Reuven Dov became the director of the Kelm Talmud Torah, a position he held until 1931.
In 1931, he moved to London, where his son Eliyahu Eliezer was living. Reuven Dov died in 1935.
# Bolătău

Bolătău may refer to the following places in Romania:
* Bolătău (Bistrița), a tributary of the Bistrița in Neamț County
* Bolătău, a tributary of the Cracăul Alb in Neamț County
* Bolătău, a village in the commune Zemeș, Bacău County, Romania
# 2005 in Deep

The year 2005 was the fifth year in the history of Deep, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. In 2005 Deep held 10 events beginning with, Deep: 18th Impact.

## Title fights

* ↑ For the Deep Lightweight Championship.
* ↑ For the Deep Featherweight Championship.

## Events list

| # | Event title | Date | Arena | Location |
| 36 | Deep: Future King Tournament 2005 | December 25, 2005 | Gold's Gym South Tokyo Annex | Tokyo |
| 35 | Deep: 22 Impact | December 2, 2005 | Korakuen Hall | Tokyo |
| 34 | Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 3 | October 30, 2005 | Toyama Event Plaza | Toyama |
| 33 | Deep: 21st Impact | October 28, 2005 | Korakuen Hall | Tokyo |
| 32 | Deep: 20th Impact | September 3, 2005 | Differ Ariake | Tokyo |
| 31 | Deep: 19th Impact | July 8, 2005 | Korakuen Hall | Tokyo |
| 30 | Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 2 | May 15, 2005 | Toyama Event Plaza | Toyama |
| 29 | Deep: Hero 1 | April 17, 2005 | Zepp Nagoya | Nagoya |
| 28 | Deep: clubDeep Fukuoka: World Best Festival | April 10, 2005 | Murasaki River Event Hall | Fukuoka |
| 27 | Deep: 18th Impact | February 12, 2005 | Korakuen Hall | Tokyo |

## Deep: 18th Impact

Deep: 18th Impact was an event held on February 12, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results

* ↑ Doctor stoppage due to cut.
* ↑ For the Deep Lightweight Championship.
* ↑ For the Deep Featherweight Championship.

## Deep: clubDeep Fukuoka: World Best Festival

Deep: clubDeep Fukuoka: World Best Festival was an event held on April 10, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: Hero 1

Deep: Hero 1 was an event held on April 17, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 2

Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 2 was an event held on May 15, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: 19th Impact

Deep: 19th Impact was an event held on July 8, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: 20th Impact

Deep: 20th Impact was an event held on September 3, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: 21st Impact

Deep: 21st Impact was an event held on October 28, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 3

Deep: clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 3 was an event held on October 30, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: 22 Impact

Deep: 22 Impact was an event held on December 2, 2005, in Tokyo.

### Results
## Deep: Future King Tournament 2005

Deep: Future King Tournament 2005 was an event held on December 25, 2005, in Tokyo.