OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Binoche

Binoche (French pronunciation:) is an Occitan French last name. Notable people with the surname include:
* Léon Binoche (1878–1962), French international rugby union player
* Juliette Binoche (born 1964), French Academy Award-winning actress
# Tanjore (disambiguation)

Tanjore is the anglicised name of Thanjavur, a city in Tamil Nadu, India
Tanjore may also refer to:
* Tanjore painting, which originated in Thanjavur
* Tanjore Nayaks, the rulers of Thanjavur between 16th and 19th century C.E
* Tanjore Maharashtrian community
* Thanjavur Marathi (disambiguation)
* Tanjore, a special Air India aircraft which carries the President of India and the Prime Minister of India
* Tanjore Ranganathan, a carnatic musician
* Edward Tanjore Corwin, an American writer
# Solanum albornozii

Solanum albornozii is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
# Ambergate–Pye Bridge line

vteAmbergate–Pye Bridge Line :
Legend :
The Ambergate–Pye Bridge line is a partially opened and closed railway line in Derbyshire, England. It was a short east–west line linking the Midland Main Line with the Erewash Valley line. The line was opened by the Midland Railway to freight on 1 February 1875, and to passenger trains on 1 May 1875. The Midland was grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923.

## Route

The line, which was double track, started from the Midland Main Line north of Ambergate railway station at Crich Junction (53°3′50.00″N 1°23′2.00″W﻿ / ﻿53.0638889°N 1.3838889°W﻿ / 53.0638889; -1.3838889) and proceeded through Sawmills, Butterley (where there was a station), Swanwick (where the Swanwick Colliery branch diverged). At its eastern end, it connected to the Erewash Valley line via a triangular junction known as Riddings Junction (with the three points being Riddings Junction, Ironville Junction and Codnor Park Junction). Pye Bridge railway station on the Erewash Valley line was just to the north of this triangle. At this point, the two sides of the triangle cross the River Erewash, meaning that a very small section of the line is actually in Nottinghamshire.

## List of stations and junctions along the line

* Ambergate
* Hammersmith Latter addition by Midland Railway – Butterley
* Butterley
* Swanwick Junction Latter addition by Midland Railway – Butterley
* Pye Bridge

## Closure

Passenger services were withdrawn on 16 June 1947, just prior to the line passing into British Railways ownership. BR withdrew freight from the line on 23 December 1968, as a result of the Beeching Axe.

## Preservation

Today, the line is preserved and used partially by the Midland Railway – Butterley between Hammersmith and Ironville Junction, while on the western section a road has been built on the same alignment.
The MR-B aims to extend the route of the preserved railway into Pye Bridge within the foreseeable future.
# Skegemog Point Site

The Skegemog Point Site, also known as the Samels Field Site or Samels Site and designated 20GT2, is an archaeological site located on the property of the Samels Farm at 8298 Skegemog Point Road, near Williamsburg, Michigan. Material at the site spans over 10,000 years, and the site is unique in that, due to glacial rebound, it is horizontally stratified rather than vertically stratified. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

## History

In 1889, Frank and Mary Samels purchased 64 acres of land on Skegemog Point, the peninsula separating Lake Skegemog from Elk Lake. While farming the site, he discovered many Indian artifacts, arrow points and axes, as well as many mounds and pits along the lakeshore. In the 1920s, an archaeologist from the University of Michigan surveyed the site, and in 1930 department head Wilbert B. Hinsdale did further work. Frank Samels died in 1955, and passed the farm to his three sons Dennis, Ben, and Rob Samels. In 1965, the Samels gave permission to Charles Cleland, Michigan State University Museum Curator, to excavate the site. Cleland discovered evidence of a long history of habitation at the site. In 1972, the site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.
In the 1990s, the Samels entered into an agreement with The Archaeological Conservancy to preserve the entire farm, including the archaeological site. After the last of the Samels brothers died in 2002, the Conservancy leased the farm to a nonprofit group, the Samels Family Heritage Society, and it became an education center.

## Description

The Skegemog Point Site includes artifacts from a range of time periods, including Paleo-Indian, Archaic, and Late Woodland periods. The material at the site is primarily at or near the surface, and is spread over a 15.5-acre (6.3 ha) area on and below a beach terrace, and extending into the lake. The site is horizontally stratified, with the Paleo-Indian section, dating to around 10,000 BCE, located at the highest elevation furthest from the lakeshore. This is due to glacial rebound, where the underlying limestone slowly rises, changing the relative location of the lakeshore. The Archaic section, dating to perhaps 3000 BCE, is located closer to the lakeshore, and the Late Woodland section, dating to around 900-1200 AD, is located nearest the shore.
The Late Woodland section of the site was partially excavated in the 1960s. It contains at least 26 hearth areas, as well as charcoal, potsherds, bone fragments and seeds. It also contains multiple postmolds set in circular configurations of about 10 feet (3.0 m) in diameter, suggesting temporary or seasonal wigwam-type structures. The other portions of the site have not been extensively excavated, although Clovis points have been found in the older portion of the site.
# Spananthe

Spananthe is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.
Its native range is Mexico to Tropical America.
Species:
* Spananthe paniculata Jacq.
* Spananthe peruviana (H.Wolff) G.K.Müll.
# Swedlund

Swedlund is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan C. Swedlund (born 1943), American anthropologist and academic
* Nils Swedlund (1898–1965), General and Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces, uncle of Sten (see below)
* Sten Swedlund (1937–2014), Rear Admiral and Chief of the Coastal Fleet, nephew of Nils (see above)
# Kind Lady (play)

Kind Lady is a play written by Edward Chodorov and first performed on stage in 1935 (on April 23). It was based in part on a short story called The Silver Mask by Hugh Walpole. It was produced frequently on the summer theater circuit. The play has been adapted for film twice by MGM: as the December 1935 film Kind Lady and the 1951 film Kind Lady.

## Characters and plot

An elderly, aristocratic woman living in London is victimized by a team of diabolically clever con artists. They initially play on her sympathy to gain her trust, then manage to alienate her family and friends, nearly convincing them that she has lost her mind. They manage to then lock her in her bedroom, selling off her furniture and paintings all the while from the rest of her apartment. The protagonist nearly loses both her property and her sanity, but exerts a supreme effort of courage and skill in this intense battle of wits.

## Production history

The original production of Kind Lady was on Broadway at the Booth Theatre in New York City, New York, with a cast that starred Grace George and Henry Daniell, with Florence Britton, Francis Compton, among others.

## Film and television adaptations

Kind Lady was produced into film by MGM in 1935 starring Aline MacMahon and Basil Rathbone (released in Great Britain as House of Menace). A second film version was made by MGM in 1951 and directed by John Sturges. It starred Ethel Barrymore, Maurice Evans, Keenan Wynn and Angela Lansbury.
Kind Lady was made for television twice: in a 1949 production on The Ford Theatre Hour and in a 1953 episode of Broadway Television Theatre.
# Bố Hạ

Bố Hạ is a township (thị trấn) of Yên Thế District, Bắc Giang Province, in northeastern Vietnam.
# Sweep line algorithm

In computational geometry, a sweep line algorithm or plane sweep algorithm is an algorithmic paradigm that uses a conceptual sweep line or sweep surface to solve various problems in Euclidean space. It is one of the critical techniques in computational geometry.
The idea behind algorithms of this type is to imagine that a line (often a vertical line) is swept or moved across the plane, stopping at some points. Geometric operations are restricted to geometric objects that either intersect or are in the immediate vicinity of the sweep line whenever it stops, and the complete solution is available once the line has passed over all objects.

## History

This approach may be traced to scanline algorithms of rendering in computer graphics, followed by exploiting this approach in early algorithms of integrated circuit layout design, in which a geometric description of an IC was processed in parallel strips because the entire description could not fit into memory.

## Applications

Application of this approach led to a breakthrough in the computational complexity of geometric algorithms when Shamos and Hoey presented algorithms for line segment intersection in the plane in 1976. In particular, they described how a combination of the scanline approach with efficient data structures (self-balancing binary search trees) makes it possible to detect whether there are intersections among N segments in the plane in time complexity of O(N log N). The closely related Bentley–Ottmann algorithm uses a sweep line technique to report all K intersections among any N segments in the plane in time complexity of O((N + K) log N) and space complexity of O(N).
Since then, this approach has been used to design efficient algorithms for a number of problems in computational geometry, such as the construction of the Voronoi diagram (Fortune's algorithm) and the Delaunay triangulation or boolean operations on polygons.

## Generalizations and extensions

Topological sweeping is a form of plane sweep with a simple ordering of processing points, which avoids the necessity of completely sorting the points; it allows some sweep line algorithms to be performed more efficiently.
The rotating calipers technique for designing geometric algorithms may also be interpreted as a form of the plane sweep, in the projective dual of the input plane: a form of projective duality transforms the slope of a line in one plane into the x-coordinate of a point in the dual plane, so the progression through lines in sorted order by their slope as performed by a rotating calipers algorithm is dual to the progression through points sorted by their x-coordinates in a plane sweep algorithm.
The sweeping approach may be generalised to higher dimensions.
# Solanum anguivi

Solanum anguivi is a plant indigenous to non-arid parts of Africa, and is commonly known as forest bitterberry or African eggplant, although the latter term is most commonly associated with Solanum aethiopicum.
It is a traditional ethnomedicine in India.
# Sammy Kahsai

Sammy Kahsai (born March 5, 1995) is an Ethiopian footballer who plays as a midfielder.

## Career
### College and amateur

Kahsai played four years of college soccer, playing his first season at Washington Adventist University in 2014 before transferring to the University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Kahsai also played with Premier Development League side Albuquerque Sol in 2017.

### Professional

Kahsai signed his first professional deal with USL Championship club Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC on March 4, 2019.
# 2003 in organized crime
## Events

* August 11 – Susumu Kajiyama, a former senior member of a yakuza gang affiliated with the Yamaguchi-gumi, who was dubbed the "loan shark kingpin", was arrested in Japan for loan sharking.
* August 19 – A bar located in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan and managed by an anti organized crime campaign leader was attacked with a hand grenade by a yakuza member. The perpetrator, a member of the Kudo-kai, died shortly after the attack by apparently committing suicide.
* Despite successful prosecutions against the Genovese, Lucchese and Gambino crime families, The New York Times is critical of federal officials claims of the "death" of organized crime in New York states "Reports of its death have been greatly exaggerated. For more than (sic) two decades, law enforcement officials have declared that the latest round of mob indictments would put the nail in the coffin of the Mafia."

## Art and literature

* Double Deal: The Inside Story of Murder, Unbridled Corruption, and the Cop Who Was a Mobster, written by authors Sam Giancana and Michael Corbitt, is published.
* Mafia Wife: My Story of Love, Murder, and Madness, co-written by Lynda Milito and author Reg Potterton, is published (Milito being the wife of disappeared former Gambino capo Louis Milito).
* 2 Fast 2 Furious (film)
* Confidence (film)
* Cradle 2 the Grave (film)
* SWAT (film)
* The Italian Job (Remake, film)
* Veronica Guerin (film)
# SLI Systems

SLI Systems provided cloud-based search tools for online retailers under a "software as a service" (SaaS) model. It was a public company listed on the New Zealand stock exchange.
SLI is an acronym for Search, Learn and Improve.

## Products

SLI's main product, Learning Search, uses the behavior of its users to determine search results. The company also sells a user-generated search engine optimization (SEO) product called Site Champion, and a site navigation product called Learning Navigation.

## Origin

SLI Systems was formed in 2001, and in 2013 the company raised $27 million NZD in its initial public offering and listed on the NZX. The core technology was originally developed at GlobalBrain, a company founded in 1998 by Grant Ryan. That company was acquired by the internet arm of US media company, NBC in April, 2000 for US$32 million, but after dot-com crash Shaun Ryan and others bought the technology back from NBC, and formed SLI Systems.
SLI formerly had offices in San Jose, Christchurch, Tokyo, Melbourne and London and over 400 clients internationally including, FTD, 7 for all Mankind, Harry & David, and Next.

## Performance

In 2013, SLI Systems launched an initial public offering on the NZX stock exchange, raising $27m NZD with shares issued at $1.50, to help fund growth into important markets like Japan and Brazil. Key investors included NZ entrepreneur Sam Morgan. SLI Systems's share price performed strongly initially, rising to $2.50, before falling to as low as 71c after the company posted larger than expected losses and had some unexpected senior management changes 2015.
SLI Systems announced to the New Zealand Exchange in November 2015 that revenue guidance would be 29% above the previous year. Recent significant client customer wins announced at the 2015 annual general meeting included Lenovo, David Jones, Harvey Norman and Paul Smith. SLI Systems' UK website also list a number of clients via case studies .
In January 2019 the company was taken private via acquisition by a private equity firm. The SLI search algorithm and IP were rolled into the company portfolio.
The company no longer operates independently and was delisted by the New Zealand Stock Exchange in January 2019. Soon after, the US domestic headquarters in San Jose were shut down.
# Swedline Express

Swedline Express was an airline based in Hultsfred, Sweden. It operated domestic and international passenger services.

## Code data

* IATA Code: SM
* ICAO Code: SRL
* Callsign: Starline

## History

The airline was established and started operations in 1993 as Varmlandsflyg until 1 December 2002 when it changed its name to Swedline Express. It was wholly owned by Sievert Andersson.
On 12 July 2006 the airline ceased operations due to bankruptcy.

## Fleet

The Swedline Express fleet consisted of the following aircraft in August 2006:
* 2 - Saab 2000
* 3 - Saab 340A
# Ekrem Kahya

Ekrem Kahya (born 9 February 1978) is a Dutch football manager and former professional footballer. After beginning his professional career in 1996 with ADO Den Haag, he has since played for Denizlispor, Go Ahead Eagles, FC Dordrecht and VVV-Venlo. He re-signed for ADO Den Haag during the 2008–09 season. He played as a center midfielder.
# Bird (nickname)

Bird or The Bird is a nickname for:
* Bird Averitt (1952–2020), American National Basketball Association and American Basketball Association player
* Charlie Parker (1920–1955), American jazz musician
* Ian Eagle (born 1969), American sportscaster
* Lady Bird Johnson (1912–2007), wife of US President Lyndon B. Johnson
* Mark Fidrych (1954–2009), American baseball pitcher
* Mutsuhiro Watanabe (1918–2003), Japanese World War II sergeant and war criminal
* George Yardley (1928–2004), American basketball player
* Kathleen York, American singer, songwriter and actress
* Claudio Cangia, Argentinian football player.
# Tartu Students' Nature Conservation Circle

Tartu Students' Nature Conservation Circle is a nature conservation organization (society) at the University of Tartu.
Established in 1958, it is the oldest student nature conservation society in the world.
It has been continuously active since then. As preparing the environmental activists of the country, it had a remarkable role in the Phosphorite War that influenced the destabilization and destruction of the Soviet Union in the end of 1980s.
Among the presidents of society there have been Toomas Frey, Ann Marvet, Mari Reitalu, Rein Ahas and many others.
# Sweep generator

A sweep generator is a piece of electronic test equipment similar to, and sometimes included on, a function generator which creates an electrical waveform with a linearly varying frequency and a constant amplitude. Sweep generators are commonly used to test the frequency response of electronic filter circuits. These circuits are mostly transistor circuits with inductors and capacitors to create linear characteristics.
Sweeps are a popular method in the field of audio measurement to describe the change in a measured output value over a progressing input parameter. The most commonly-used progressive input parameter is frequency varied over the standard audio bandwidth of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.

## Glide Sweep

A glide sweep (or chirp) is a continuous signal in which the frequency increases or decreases logarithmically with time. This provides the complete range of testing frequencies between the start and stop frequency. An advantage over the stepped sweep is that the signal duration can be reduced by the user without any loss of frequency resolution in the results. This allows for rapid testing. Although the theory behind the glide sweep has been known for several decades, its use in audio measuring devices has only evolved over the past several years. The reason for this lies with the high computing power required.

## Stepped Sweep

In a stepped sweep, one variable input parameter (frequency or amplitude) is incremented or decremented in discrete steps. After each change, the analyzer waits until a stable reading is detected before switching to the next step. The scaling of the steps is linear or logarithmic. Since the settling time of different test objects cannot be predicted, the duration of a stepped sweep cannot be determined exactly in advance. For the determination of amplitude or frequency response, the stepped sweep has been largely replaced by the glide sweep. The main application for the stepped sweep is to measure the linearity of systems. Here, the frequency of the test signal is kept constant while the amplitude is varied. Typically the amplitude and distortion of the device under test are measured. This is also referred to as an "amplitude sweep".

## Time Sweep

In the case of a time sweep, the x-axis represents time. Again the y-axis represents a measured value, e.g. amplitude. The change in the measured value is observed over time. For example, how does the response of the device under test change over a long period?

## Table Sweep

A rarely used special form of the stepped sweep is the table sweep. Here the input signal is produced from a table as a sequence of any frequency and amplitude pairs.
# Solanum apical leaf curling virus

Solanum apical leaf curl virus (SALCV) is a proposed species of plant pathogenic virus of the family Geminiviridae.
# Skelp

Skelp (sometimes spelled scelp) is wrought iron or steel that is rolled or forged into narrow strips and ready to be made into pipe or tubing by being bent (into a cylindrical shape) and welded. The word is most commonly used in the traditional terminology of smithing and in the iron and steel industries. Before the 20th century, the welding was likely to be forge welding. In the 20th and 21st centuries, it has been likelier to be arc welding or gas welding.
In the context of traditional gunsmithing, one way to make gun barrels has been to make them from skelp, like one would make other pipe or tubing. Barrels made from skelp have typically been thought of as having inferior quality. (Pipe made from skelp can be perfectly acceptable in quality, but a gun barrel must withstand much higher pressures than most pipes.) Cheap gun barrels could be made this way in the Damascus method—wrapping the skelp around a mandrel to make spirals which were then hammered and forged into a tube. The mandrel was then removed, the interior reamed, and the exterior filed until a finished tube was complete. The tube was then polished and breeched.
This method of fabrication was used because it was difficult to cast a solid barrel and then drill it out without the bit coming out the side. In many regions and eras, especially before the 20th century, gunsmithing has been achieved without the help of advanced machine tool practice, such as gun drilling or advanced boring methods. In such contexts, advanced smithing and filing skills have often made up for the lack of machine tools.
Damascus barrels were generally designed for black powder charges. The breech end of the tube was much thicker than the muzzle end, and this held the initial impulse pressure from the black powder. By the time the bullet reached the muzzle, the pressure had dropped quite a bit, so muzzle reinforcement was not needed. This gave a better weight distribution through the length of the weapon.
Smokeless powders burn more slowly than black powder, thus maintaining high pressures throughout the barrel. Since the barrel is not reinforced at the muzzle, it may not be able to contain the pressure. Also, most Damascus barrels were made before modern smokeless powders, so the age of the barrel can be a safety hazard.
# Alberto Borghetti

Alberto Borghetti (born 29 May 1967 in Cesena) is an Italian electrical engineer and a professor in the Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" of the University of Bologna, Italy. He was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for contributions to modeling of power distribution systems under transient conditions.