OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# C. Robert Wieser

C. Robert Wieser (January 19, 1919 – March 1, 2011) qualified from MIT as an electrical engineer and later became a developer of electrical and computing technology. He was especially and particularly noted for having contributed to the development of the Cape Cod Air Defense system (Cape Cod Air Force Station) and SAGE system.
Wieser directed the first successful testing of the technology necessary for the creation of an airborne interception system (using radar and computers), which from this embryonic state, would later develop into the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment system (SAGE). The SAGE system led to the development of technology known as packet switching, which contributed directly, from being a composite element of technology, to the creation of the ARPANET and ultimately the Internet.

## Short biography

Wieser was born Charles Robert Wieser in New Rochelle, New York on January 19, 1919.
The following information shows a biographical history of C. Robert Wieser made using three sources:
* 1940 - graduated from MIT with a Bachelor in Science in Electrical Engineering and a Masters of Science in the subject Electrical Engineering.
* from 1940 to 1942 - worked for the Boston Edison Company.
* worked for MIT Servornechanisms Laboratory, developing the application of the Whirlwind I to air traffic control and subsequently to air defence usage (circa 1949).
* 1951 - joined the MIT Lincoln Laboratory, where he was leader of a group developing the Cape Cod Air Defense Direction Center, and involved in the preparation of the operational and mathematical specifications for the SAGE air defence system. Later he was appointed as head, assistant director, and finally as deputy director of the Systems Division.
* 1968 - was employed at the Office of the Secretary of Defense.
* 1971 - appointed as director of the Advanced Weapons Programs within the Douglas Astronautics Company.
* 1982 - vice president and general manager of the Western Division of Physical Dynamics, Inc., RES Operations
* 1985 - Director of Engineering at Science Applications International Corporation (Newport Beach, California).
Wieser died on March 1, 2011, aged 92.
# St Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Wollongong

Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral, located in Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Bishop of the Diocese of Wollongong, presently the Most Reverend Brian Mascord.
The cathedral is the oldest church of any denomination in the Illawarra region.

## History

In 1836 a wooden chapel with seating for 250 people was built for the Catholics of Wollongong. The first Catholic school was opened in 1838. The pioneer priest Father John Rigney decided to build a larger permanent church in 1839.
The church of St Francis Xavier is a stone building in the Gothic style, richly ornamented and large enough to contain 500 people. Its estimated cost was 2,000 Pounds.
The building was furnished in 1848 with a splendid Gothic interior. The interior has been greatly altered over the years and apart from the beautiful stained glass window behind the sanctuary and the ceiling over the nave, little exists of the original interior.
In 1986 it was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register.

## Renovations

The first addition was opened on 6 May 1906. The nave was lengthened by 7.6m, the original shingle roof was replaced by slate. Two galleries, one on each side of the sanctuary were added. In 1933, much damage was done to the interior with the church being widened. In 1951, St Francis Xavier's church was designated as the cathedral for the new Diocese of Wollongong. Alterations were made in 1960, the 1970s and in 1985. A Marian chapel was created from an old confessional. Some of the aesthetic damage done to the church with the widening of the interior was softened with the cladding of the square concrete columns; arches were added between these columns to unify the space. The Stations of the Cross were reorganised, carpet laid and the interior painted in tones selected to highlight the stained glass window.

## 2010 rededication

In April 2009, the latest program of restoration was initiated with the replacement of the roof of the cathedral with slate imported from Wales.
On 16 March 2010, the dedication of the renovated cathedral took place as it coincided with the anniversary of the death of Archbishop John Bede Polding, the first bishop in Australia. It was Bishop Polding who commissioned Saint Francis Xavier's Church. Bishop Peter Ingham performed the dedication.
# Epiblema alishana

Epiblema alishana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Taiwan.
# Antennaria racemosa

Antennaria racemosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name racemose pussytoes. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta south as far as northern California and Wyoming. It grows in mountain forests, generally in moist, partially shaded areas, and often colonizes bare patches of mineral-rich soil, including disturbed areas.
Antennaria racemosa is a glandular perennial herb which may be small, woolly, and matted to nearly hairless and erect to heights near 50 cm (20 inches). It forms basal patches of oval-shaped leaves 3 to 10 centimeters long, fuzzy on the undersides and shiny green above. The patches are connected with stolons covered in leaves. The erect stem bears an inflorescence which can be shaped like a raceme and is often dense, especially in higher elevations, containing several flower heads. The species is dioecious, with male and female plants producing different types of flowers in the heads. The fruit is an achene with a body only about a millimeter long attached to a soft pappus up to 7 millimeters long. The pappus catches the wind, which disperses the seed. The plant also reproduces vegetatively via its creeping stolons.
# Saralba

Saralba is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Saralba ocypteroides Walker, 1865

## Distribution

Australia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.
# David Bills

David James Bills, CBE (9 February 1948 – 30 March 2014) was an Australian forester and civil servant.
Born in Tasmania on 9 February 1948, Bills studied at the Australian National University. After graduating, he worked in the Federal Forestry and Timber Bureau, before working for Associated Pulp and Paper Mills from 1978; he was eventually appointed to the board of its parent company, North Broken Hill Ltd and served as general manager from 1986 to 1995, overseeing Australia's largest forestry operation. He also served as president of the National Association of Forest Industries in 1994–95.
In 1995, he was appointed Director-General and Deputy Chairman of the Forestry Commission of the United Kingdom, serving until 2004. He oversaw the breaking up of forestry functions for the devolved nations of Scotland and Wales and also introduced the UK Woodland Assurance Standard. In recognition of his service, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2001 Birthday Honours and received the Gift to the Earth Award from the World Wildlife Foundation (its highest award). He was also chair of the Standing Committee of the Commonwealth Forestry Conference from 1996 to 2001 and in 2006 served as the president of the Commonwealth Forestry Association. He died on 30 March 2014 in Sydney.
# De Waal Park

De Waal Park is a public park and heritage site in the Oranjezicht suburb of Cape Town. The park, which contains over 120 species of trees, is popular with dog walkers.
The park is roughly rectangular. Molteno Dam borders the park to the south, with the other three sides bordered by roads. There are four tennis courts belonging to the Gardens Tennis Club in the South West corner.
In summer, the park hosts free outdoor concerts on Sunday afternoons.

## History

De Waal Park was Cape Town's first and largest public park, after the Company's Gardens, when it was opened in 1895.
In 1877 the City Council of Cape Town purchased land from the Van Breda family who owned the farm Oranjezigt. They divided the land into three parts, first building the two smaller reservoirs below Camp Street and then building the Molteno Reservoir below Belvedere Road which also provided the city with electricity. The land in between formed a natural park.
David Christiaan de Waal, who was the city councillor at the time and also a member of the Legislative Council of the Cape Colony, decided to develop the park. At his instigation thousands of trees were planted in Cape Town and especially in the park. As Mayor of Cape Town, 1889–1890, he developed the park further and it was opened to the public officially in 1895.
At one stage it was called Jubilee Park but it soon reverted to the name it bears today.
Two gates with brick piers and wrought-iron arches in Art Nouveau style at the lower corners and a wall along Camp Street were built in 1899 and the wall was extended up Upper Orange Street in 1900. Molteno Road was extended down to meet Camp Street at about this time and it was decided to fence off the park on that side by planting a hedge of Kei apple.
The bandstand was built in 1904/5 for the Cape Town Exhibition which was held in Green Point and moved to the park after the exhibition was over. It was used for public performances for some years.
The Victorian fountain in De Waal Park is a natural artesian well and feeds the Lower Reservoir No. 2 in Oranjezicht.
On 22 March 1968 the park was proclaimed a National Monument to be maintained in perpetuity as public gardens and it is now listed as a Provincial Heritage Site.

## Gallery

* North East Corner
* De Waal Park ca. 1898
* Center of the park 2015
* Bandstand and Signal Hill ca. 1905
* The Edwardian bandstand in 2012
* North West Gate
# Allen's Company of Comedians

Allen's Company of Comedians was a British-Canadian theatre company, active from 1785 until 1790. They played an important pioneer role in the history of the Theatre of Canada as the first professional theatre company to perform in Canada.
The Company was founded by the British actor Edward Allen. Previously active at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh and within the American Company in Philadelphia, he left the United states to settle in Montreal, Lower Canada in 1778, where theatre had been banned during the French period: when Canada became British in 1763, a great interest in theatre resulted in a florourishing amateur theatre, but there was no professional theatre.
After the American Revolutionary War, Allen returned to Philadelphia in 1785 and recruited actors to form his own theatre company, with whom he returned to Canada. They became pioneers as the first professional theatre company to perform in Canada. They were followed by Joseph Quesnel's French language Les Jeunes Messieurs Canadiens (1789).
As there was no theatre playhouse in Montréal, the Allen's Company performed in a temporary locality in the assembly room of Simon Levy. Their first performance was on 16 March 1786 with a performance of She Stoops to Conquer. It was a small company, and consisted of Edward Allen and his wife, John Bentley and his spouse, William Moore and his spouse Agnes McKay, Simon Clarke and the children of the actors, notably Andrew Allen, Étienne (Stephen) Bellair and Guillaume (William) Moreau-Mechtler. They performed plays by Shakespeare and Molière as well as opera. Bellair also managed a dance school, Moreau-Mechtler a music school and Bentley a drama school. The company also toured to Quebec. They were active at least until 1790, and possibly longer.
# C10H13NO4

The molecular formula C$_{10}$H$_{13}$NO$_4$ may refer to:
* Farinomalein
* Methyldopa
* 3-O-Methyldopa
* Melevodopa
# 2020 İstanbul Cup – Doubles

Tímea Babos and Kristina Mladenovic were the defending champions, but chose not to participate this year.
Alexa Guarachi and Desirae Krawczyk won the title, defeating Ellen Perez and Storm Sanders in the final, 6–1, 6–3.

## Seeds

* Alexa Guarachi / Desirae Krawczyk (champions)
* Ellen Perez / Storm Sanders (final)
* Kaitlyn Christian / Giuliana Olmos (semifinals)
* Kateryna Bondarenko / Sharon Fichman (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | A Guarachi D Krawczyk | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Marozava A Mitu | 6 | 1 | [8] | 1 | A Guarachi D Krawczyk | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Lechemia I Neel | 6 | 6 | | | E Lechemia I Neel | 4 | 4 | | | | | | | | | |
| | V Heisen E Webley-Smith | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | 1 | A Guarachi D Krawczyk | 6 | 7 | | | | |
| 3 | K Christian G Olmos | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | 3 | K Christian G Olmos | 3 | 5 | | | | |
| | B Schoofs R van der Hoek | 4 | 6 | [7] | 3 | K Christian G Olmos | 6 | 4 | [10] | | | | | | | | |
| | N Dzalamidze M Kato | 3$^r$ | | | | G Minnen A Van Uytvanck | 3 | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | | |
| | G Minnen A Van Uytvanck | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | A Guarachi D Krawczyk | 6 | 6 |
| WC | A Aksu İ Öz | 6 | 3 | [3] | | | | | | | | | | 2 | E Perez S Sanders | 1 | 3 |
| | A Danilina Y Sizikova | 4 | 6 | [10] | | A Danilina Y Sizikova | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| Alt | AK Schmiedlová K Zavatska | 6 | 7$^7$ | | Alt | AK Schmiedlová K Zavatska | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | K Bondarenko S Fichman | 3 | 6$^4$ | | | | | | | Alt | AK Schmiedlová K Zavatska | 5 | 3 | | | | |
| WC | E Bouchard B Eraydın | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | 2 | E Perez S Sanders | 7 | 6 | | | | |
| | N Broady E Routliffe | 6 | 6 | | | N Broady E Routliffe | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
| | LI Paar J Wachaczyk | 5 | 1 | | 2 | E Perez S Sanders | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | E Perez S Sanders | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Sogod Bay

Sogod Bay is a large bay in the southern part of Leyte Island in the Philippines. An extension of the Bohol Sea, the bay is surrounded by the province of Southern Leyte, and the namesake municipality of Sogod is located at the head of the bay. Panaon Island forms part of the eastern side of Sogod Bay, while Sarangani or Limasawa Island is at the mouth of the bay.

## Ecology

The bay is home to a variety of fishes, is therefore a major fishing ground for the nine municipalities surrounding the bay. Mangko (Euthynnus affinis) is its major fishery resource. Seasonal influx of Mangko has provided food and livelihood to the people of Sogod and nearby municipalities. A study of Sogod Bay by Silliman University in 1994 mentioned that there are seven finfish species that are pelagic and are harvested when they enter the bay. Recently, there have been reports of whale shark sightings in the bay.
The Subangdaku River is a major tributary of Sogod Bay, emptying into the bay at the municipality of Sogod. Human activity within the rivers watershed, such as quarrying and rechanneling, has disturbed the river and bay's ecology, and is also causing rapid siltation. These activities were mentioned in the Silliman University study that identified sand and gravel mining, rechanneling, and sand harvest near the river's mouth, as causes of degraded habitats and major water quality issues of the area. The same report mentioned mining as one of the harmful practices that the bay should be protected from, and it recommended regulating quarrying and rechanneling with competent planning based on scientific evidence and monitoring.
# Antaeotricha epicrossa

Antaeotricha epicrossa is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1932. It is found in Peru.
# Doğandere

Doğandere can refer to:
* Doğandere, Lapseki
* Doğandere, Nallıhan
* Doğandere, Refahiye
# Stergusa aurata

Stergusa aurata is a species of spider of the genus Stergusa. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# Azwinndini Muronga

Azwinndini Muronga is a Dean of Science at the Nelson Mandela University. He was previously a professor of Physics and Director of the Science Center at the University of Johannesburg. He matriculated at Mbilwi Secondary School. and then completed his Bachelor of Science in Physics at the University of Venda, a BSc(Honours) and a Master of Science at the University of Cape Town as well as a PhD in Physics from the University of Minnesota. He was previously President of the South African Institute of Physics. He has made seminal contribution to causal second order viscous relativistic fluid dynamics.
# De Wacht

De Wacht is a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland and is part of the municipality Hoeksche Waard. The village lies next to the Dordtse Kil.
De Wacht is not a statistical entity, and considered part of 's-Gravendeel. It has place name signs, and consists of about 25 houses.
# Chaetogastra mollis

Chaetogastra mollis is a species of flowering plant in the family Melastomataceae, native to western South America (Colombia, Ecuador and Peru). It was first described by Aimé Bonpland as Rhexia mollis in part of Monographia Melastomacearum, volume 2, published in 1808. Its synonyms include Tibouchina mollis.
# C10H14

The molecular formula C$_{10}$H$_{14}$ may refer to:
* C4-Benzenes
** Butylbenzenes
*** n-Butylbenzene
*** sec-Butylbenzene
*** tert-Butylbenzene
*** Isobutylbenzene
** Cymenes
*** o-Cymene
*** m-Cymene
*** p-Cymene
** Diethylbenzenes
*** o-Diethylbenzene
*** m-Diethylbenzene
*** p-Diethylbenzene
** Tetramethylbenzenes
*** 1,2,3,4-Tetramethylbenzene (prehnitene)
*** 1,2,3,5-Tetramethylbenzene (isodurene)
*** 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene (durene)
* 1,3-Dehydroadamantane
# Alyssum artvinense

Alyssum artvinense, the Artvinian alyssum, is a species in the family Brassicaceae that is endemic to only five locations in Erzurum Province and Artvin Province in northeastern Turkey. It can be found on igneous rocky and stony slopes, in forest clearings, from elevations of 320–1,850 m. It is threatened by habitat loss and habitat degradation from dams, roads and erosion.
# Soda straw

A soda straw (or simply straw) is a speleothem in the form of a hollow mineral cylindrical tube. They are also known as tubular stalactites. Soda straws grow in places where water leaches slowly through cracks in rock, such as on the roofs of caves. Soda straws in caves rarely grow more than a few millimetres per year and may average one tenth of a millimetre per year. A soda straw can turn into a stalactite if the hole at the bottom is blocked, or if the water begins flowing on the outside surface of the hollow tube. Soda straws can also form outside the cave environment on exposed concrete surfaces as a type of calthemite, growing significantly faster than those formed on rock.

## Formation

These tubes form when calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate dissolved in the water comes out of solution and is deposited. In soda straws, as each drop hovers at the tip, it deposits a ring of mineral at its edge. It then falls and a new drop takes its place. Each successive drop of water deposits a little more mineral before falling, and eventually a tube is built up. Stalagmites or flowstone may form where the water drops hit the cave floor.
Soda straws are some of the most fragile of speleothems. Like helictites, they can be easily crushed or broken by the slightest touch. Because of this, soda straws are rarely seen within arm's reach in show caves or others with unrestricted access. Kartchner Caverns in southern Arizona has well-preserved soda straws because of its recent discovery in 1974 and highly regulated traffic.

## Outside the cave environment

Straws can also form beneath man-made structures and grow significantly faster than in the natural cave environment. These forms are classified as calthemites as opposed to the speleothems growing in natural environments. Their chemistry differs from those found in caves because they are derived from concrete, lime, mortar or other calcareous material. Calthemite soda straws have been recorded as growing up to 2 mm (0.079 in) per day in length, which is hundreds of times faster than speleothem soda straw growth rates typically averaging 2 mm or less per year.
Calthemite straws are on average just 40% the mass per unit length of speleothem straws of equivalent external diameter. This is because calthemite straws have a thinner wall thickness and less-dense calcium carbonate structure compared to speleothem straws.
A calthemite straw can vary in outside diameter as it grows in length. Changes in diameter can take a matter of days or weeks and are due to changes in drip rate over time. Slow dripping calthemite straws tend to be slightly larger in diameter than fast-dripping straws. As a comparison, because of the much "slower growth rate of speleothem (cave) straws, there is more chance that fluctuation in drip rate may be averaged out and the straw external diameter remains reasonably constant."
# Lenggu Monastery

Lenggu Monastery (Chinese: 冷谷寺; pinyin: Lěnggǔ Sì; Tibetan: གནས་སྒོ་དགོན, Wylie: gnas sgo dgon), also transliterated as Rengo Monastery or Nego Monastery, is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery at the foot of Ge'nyen Mountain in Sichuan, China. The monastery was formerly known as Kambo Dansar and was the first monastery built by the first Kamapa Duisung Chenpa in 1164. The 7th Kamapa Quzha Qiangcuo enlarged it. At its peak, over 2000 monks studied at the monastery. Today, Lengu is administered as part of Zhamla Township in Litang County, Garze Prefecture, Sichuan.
Lenggu is one of a great many Tibetan monasteries and temples scattered across the Tibetan plateau, and has suffered a great deal of decline in the decades following the Chinese Invasion of Tibet. Once visited by many hundreds of pilgrims a year, the monastery's out-buildings are now largely in a state of decay. At the height of its activity, there were over 2000 resident monks; nowadays, only a small number remain.

## History

Lenggu became a Yellow Sect monastery by about the year 1690.
# Antaeotricha epignampta

Antaeotricha epignampta is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1915. It is found in Peru.
The wingspan is about 19 mm. The forewings are white with a narrow dark grey streak along the costa from the base to beyond one-fourth, with a short projection from its middle, and a rather oblique grey line from its apex reaching to the fold, as well as a somewhat oblique transverse dark grey mark on the end of the cell. There are small rather dark fuscous spots on the dorsum at three-fifths and four-fifths, and small fuscous spots on the costa beyond the middle and at three-fourths. A somewhat curved transverse fuscous shade is found behind the discal spot, the extremities directed towards but not reaching the first costal and second dorsal spots, and a rather curved shade from beneath the second costal spot to the dorsum before the tornus. There is a fuscous fascia around the apical part of the costa and termen, narrowed downwards, leaving the terminal edge whitish. The hindwings are whitish-ochreous-grey, with the costal margin rather expanded to beyond the middle, with long rough hairscales suffused with grey beneath, and a long whitish subcostal hairpencil lying beneath the forewings.
# Doğankaya

Doğankaya (literally "hawk rock") is a Turkish place name that may refer to the following places in Turkey:
* Doğankaya, Besni, a village in the district of Besni, Adıyaman Province
* Doğankaya, Çıldır, a village in the district of Çıldır, Ardahan Province
* Doğankaya, Şereflikoçhisar, a village in the district of Şereflikoçhisar, Ankara Province
# Sarwar Hussain

Sarwar Hussain (born 15 April 1949) is an Indian politician. He was a member of 9th Lok Sabha from Bulandshahr constituency. He served as Union Minister of State in Ministry of Food and Civil Supplies in Chandra Shekhar cabinet from November 1990 to February 1991.
In November 1990, he was one of the 64 MPs who left Janata Dal and formed Chandra Shekhar government.