# Phi Chi

Phi Chi (ΦΧ) is one of the oldest and largest international medical fraternities of its kind in the world. Phi Chi evolved from the merging of two professional medical fraternities bearing the same name. Phi Chi Society (Phi Chi East) was founded on March 31, 1889, at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Phi Chi Medical Fraternity (Phi Chi South) was founded on October 26, 1894, at the Louisville Medical College, Louisville, Ky. These two organizations did not know that they shared a similar name when they were founded. On March 5, 1905, in Burlington, Vt., Phi Chi Society and Phi Chi Medical Fraternity, Inc., were consolidated taking the name Phi Chi Medical Fraternity, Inc.
Phi Chi has grown to become a co-ed, international, professional medical fraternity with chapters in 5 countries.

## History
### Phi Chi Medical Fraternity of the South

“October 26, 1894, at four o’clock, p.m., there assembled in the office of Doctor Clinton Kelly” of the faculty of the Louisville Medical College, “A. Harris Kelly, Samuel T. McClung, G. Fowler Border, Joseph N. Powers, George E. Gavin, Charles W. Hibbitt, and Linn L. Kennedy (all of whom became members of Alpha of the Southern Fraternity; now Alpha Alpha) to organize a fraternity.”
The growth of Phi Chi is a great monument to the spirit that urged the original group to unite and form a medical fraternity in a city where little was known of such societies. The first members of the Southern Fraternity consisted of the previously mentioned as well as Carey A. Gray and Walker B. Gossett.
On November 5, 1894, a committee was appointed to draft a constitution and not until November 17, were the first officers elected: Presiding Senior, McClung; Presiding Junior, Gossett; Secretary, Kennedy, and Powers, Treasurer (Judge Advocate and the minor officers had not been provided for). Wedding, Chapman, and Shacklett were elected to membership and included with Gossett and Gray in the charter listing of members. The First Regular Meeting was held on Saturday, December 8, 1894. On December 29, 1894, D.A. Garrison, O. K. Harris, E. Rea Norris, and A.P. Campbell were to complete the charter members.
Beta and Gamma chapters were installed in December 1896. On February 26, 1897, the first Grand Chapter Convention of Southern Phi Chi chapters (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta) was called; this date later became Founder’s Day.
The first volume of The Phi Chi Quarterly, the name of the official fraternal publication, was published on April 1, 1904; its name was changed to The Phi Chi Chronicles in 1989.

### Phi Chi Medical Fraternity

On March 5, 1905, Phi Chi Medical Fraternity (Southern Phi Chi) and Phi Chi Society (Eastern Phi Chi) were joined in Baltimore, Maryland, making Phi Chi the largest medical fraternity in America. Chapter names that conflicted during the joining were resolved by allowing the older chapter to retain its single name and the second chapter to have its name duplicated (Alpha, University of Vermont, 1889; Alpha Alpha, Louisville Medical College, 1894).
On July 1, 1910, the first history of Phi Chi was published. In 1915, the first Phi Chi Directory was published with 37 active chapters (some chapters had been consolidated) and 6,790 initiated members. 1922 saw the merger of Pi Mu Honor Society and Phi Chi, as well as the chartering of the Beta Mu chapter at McGill University, Phi Chi’s first Canadian Chapter, on May 15.
In December 1925, the 24th Grand Chapter Convention was held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. In 1927, the Student Loan Fund was created to provide emergency loans for members in need; it was run by the Phi Chi Welfare Association after its incorporation in 1949.
On February 21, 1948, Phi Alpha Gamma and Phi Chi merged. On February 26, 1960, the fraternity became international with the chartering of the Omega chapter at National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City, Mexico. On May 21, 1962, ΥΒ chapter was chartered at University of Puerto Rico in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
At the XL Grand Chapter Convention in 1973, women medical students were allowed membership. Alpha Alpha and Alpha Beta alumni chapters are chartered in September 1989.

## Chapters

Phi Chi East was founded in 1889. Phi Chi South was formed in 1894. When the two fraternities combined in 1905, when the name of two chapters conflicted, the chapter with precedence would retain the single letter, and the chapter following shall duplicate its name, such as Alpha (1889), University of Vermont, and Alpha of Louisville (1894), with the latter becoming Alpha Alpha.

## Notable members

| Name Original chapter Notability References Irvin Abell AA 1897 -President American Medical Association 1938 -President American College of Surgeons -President Southeastern Surgical Association -President Kentucky State Medical Association -Named by President Roosevelt as chairman of the national committee to co-operate with the Defense Commission on Public Health in 1940 Thomas Aceto Jr. X 1954 -Chair of Pediatrics at St. Louis University -Pediatrician-In-Chief at SSM Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center -Developed the Pediatric Research Institute Thomas Dale Alford ΛΡ 1939 -86th and 87th US Congress Representative for Arkansas -Keynote speaker for the US as the 51st Inter-Parliamentary Conference in Brasília, Brasil, Appointed by John F. Kennedy Edward Annis EX 1938 -117th President American Medical Association 1963 -President World Medical Association 1963 -Appeared at Madison Square Gardens 1962 opposing the King Anderson Bill -Director of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States 1969-1975 -One of 2 US physicians honored to be included in "Caring Physicians of the World" 2005 -Debated and spoke with President John F. Kennedy, and Senators Hubert Humphrey, Patrick V. McNamara, William Proxmire, Jacob K. Javits, and Albert Gore, Sr. John Robin Blair ΘΗ 1908 -President American Medical Association -President of Churchill Medical Society David M. Bosworth A 1921 -Bosworth fracture named in his honor -Awarded membership of Japanese Orthopaedic Association -Only foreign recipient of the Second Order of the Sacred Treasure 1968 T. Drysdale Buchanan ΦΑ 1897 Founder of Alpha of Phi Alpha Gamma -First President of American Board of Anesthesiology and awarded Certificate #1 Eben Carey ΠΔΦ 1923 -Dean Marquette University Medical School 1933-1947 -Dean of Students Marquette University School of Medicine 1921-1928 Joseph Cowell Ψ 1871 Member of Phi Alpha Gamma -President of Michigan State Board of Registration in Medicine 1903-1905 Stanton Fischer YP 1956 -Senior Aviation Medical Examiner for US Department of Transportation -Johnson Space Center- consultant for astronaut selection program Richard L. Hammonds Σ 1960 -Health Advisor to President Jimmy Carter -Board of Councilors- The Carter Center Paul Williamson Howle ΘΗ 1898 Member of Pi Mu Honor Society -President of Richmond Surgical Society Louis Jermain EX 1921 -First Dean Marquette University School of Medicine Hiram W. Kostmayer O 1909 -1942-1945 Dean Tulane School of Medicine -1949 Honorary Doctor of Laws, Tulane -Dean Post-graduate School of Medicine 1933-37, Tulane Clifford C. Leek 1900 Delta chapter of Phi Alpha Gamma -President of Mower County Medical Society John McDonald O 1955 -First Chancellor of the Louisiana State University Medical School, Shreveport, LA -1965-2000 Chancellor of New Orleans Medical Center -Founding member of the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics -Founding member of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons -President of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons -2002 55th Recipient of the Roswell Park Medal Stuart McGuire ΘΗ 1891 Beta of Pi Mu Honor Society -1905-1914 President of the University College of Medicine -1914-1925 President of Medical College of Virginia -Distinguished Service Medal- WWI -French Medaille d'Honneur- WWI -Author of Principle of Surgery Published 1908 Spurgeon H. Neel Jr. AB 1942 -Major General US Army -One of the most decorated medical officers -President Aerospace Medical Association -First Army graduate of USAF School of Aviation Medicine -First aviation medical officer to receive flying status -Deputy Surgeon General 1969-1973 -First Commanding General of the U.S. Army Health Services Command Kenneth Dew Orr P 1940 -Major General US Army -Honorary Doctoral Degree at Baylor University -Distinguished Service Medal -Legion of Merit with 2 Oak Leaf Clusters -United Nations Service Medal Thomas S. Parrott Σ 1964 -Emory's first pediatric urology fellow -Teacher of the Year- Emory more times than any other faculty member I.S. (Isidor Schwaner) Ravdin M 1918 -1956 retired as a major general in the Medical Corps, the first person on non-active military service appointed major general -Senior Civilian Consultant to the Surgeon General and United States Army -Member of the Armed Forces Medical Policy Council, Department of Defense, Health and Medical and was involved with the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology -Legion of Merit and the First Oak Leaf Cluster to the Legion of Merit -Brought to the White House to treat President Eisenhower participating in Eisenhower's emergency operation for ileitis -American College of Surgeons Board of Governors, Chairman of the Board of Regents, and President 1960-1961 -American Cancer Society President 1962-1963 -1957 Philadelphia Award Recipient Jacob E. Reisch YI 1928 -President 1954 American Medical Writers Association J. James Rohack Z 1981 -President AMA 2009-2010 -Bush School of Government & Public Service Advisory Board Joseph Ross Π 1954 -Established Vanderbilt's Emergency Medicine Department -Established Lifeflight Air Ambulance Program, Vanderbilt Edward Carrington Stanard Taliaferro ΘΗ 1898 Member of Pi Mu Honor Society -President of the Staff of St. Vincent's Hospital -President of Norfolk County Medical Society -President of Scabord Medical Society -President of Virginia State Medical Society 1921-1922 J. Roy Theroit O 1930 -Performed The First Successful Cardiovascular Resuscitation In Southern California -One of the Attending Physicians To Gov. Huey P. Long After His Assassination -Received The Croix De Guerre By French Gen. Charles De Gaulle Donald Tresidder ΣΥ 1927 -President Stanford University 1943-1948 -Established Stanford Research Institute -Tresidder Peak in Yosemite National Park is named for him A. Murat Willis ΘΗ 1904 Member of Pi Mu Honor Society -President and founder of Johnston-Willis Hospital, Virginia -President of the Richmond Academy of Medicine Churchill F.Worrell ΒΔ 1917 -Member American Siberian Expedition Jonathan V. Wright Ψ 1969 -First to use DHEA in private practice -Pioneer of Natural Hormone Replacement -Honorary Doctorate Degree Naturopathic Medicine from Bastyr University Elvin G. Zook M 1963 -Southern Illinois University School of Medicine- President, 1978-81 | Thomas Alford Eben Carey Major General Spurgeon H. Neel Jr. Major General I.S. Ravdin Donald Tresidder |