# Union for the Homeland

The Union for the Homeland (Spanish: Unión por la Patria, UP) is a political and electoral coalition of Peronist political parties in Argentina. It has been the main opposition coalition since December 2023.
The coalition was formed to compete in the 2023 general election, and is a successor to the previous Frente de Todos coalition, whose candidate in the 2019 presidential election, Alberto Fernández, was successfully elected President of Argentina. The coalition is centred on the Justicialist Party and its allies both on the federal and provincial levels, including the Renewal Front of Sergio Massa, who was the coalition's candidate for president in the 2023 presidential election.

## History
### Background

In the run-up to the 2019 presidential election, the Kirchnerist faction of the Justicialist Party arranged for the establishment of a common Peronist electoral front. This project ultimately materialized with the formation of the Frente de Todos coalition, which comprised the Justicialist majority along with a number of other parties of the political left and centre. This alliance was itself a successor to both the short-lived Citizen's Unity bloc formed for the 2017 midterm elections as well as the Front for Victory, which served as the political instrument of the Kirchnerist political camp between 2003 and 2017. The alliance presented Alberto Fernández as its sole candidate in the 2019 presidential primaries, in which he secured just under 48% of the vote. In the subsequent general election, Fernández again garnered 48% of the vote, against the 40% of incumbent president Mauricio Macri of the Juntos por el Cambio coalition, ousting the sitting administration and returning the Peronists to power after four years in the opposition. Fernández, along with his vice president, the former President of Argentina Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, went on to govern the country for the ensuing four-year period. Halfway through this term, the Frente de Todos coalition suffered a significant defeat in the 2021 Argentine legislative election, losing seats in both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, and thereby losing control of Congress for the first time in nearly 40 years.

### 2023 election

In April 2023, President Alberto Fernandez announced that he would not seek re-election in the next presidential election. In the primary elections in August of that year, Sergio Massa defeated Juan Grabois by a margin of nearly 16 percentage points, although it became the worst result for a ruling Peronist coalition since the PASO was first implemented in 2009.
In the runoff in November 2023, Libertarian candidate Javier Milei defeated Massa in the second round with 55.65% of the vote, the highest percentage since Argentina's transition to democracy. Massa conceded defeat shortly before the official results were published.

## Ideology

Union for the Homeland is a Peronist coalition, along with its internal currents, Federal Peronism and Kirchnerism. The coalition is considered mostly centre-left. However, it also includes communist factions, left-wing and also right-wing populists; conservative, Catholic and progressive parties. Overall, it is a predominantly centre-left alliance, with left-wing, right-wing, centrist and leftist parties. Despite it broad character, the coalition has extensive ties with the trade union General Confederation of Labour, and is considered to be Peronist, and left-wing populist in character. The party's ideology has also been described as labourist and nationalist, in line with Peronism.

## Member parties

| Party | Leader | Ideology |
| Justicialist Party | Cristina Fernández de Kirchner | Peronism |
| Renewal Front | Sergio Massa | Federal Peronism Syncretism |
| Party of Culture, Education and Labour | Hugo Moyano | Federal Peronism Labourism |
| Federal Commitment | Alberto Rodríguez Saá | Federal Peronism |
| Kolina | Alicia Kirchner | Kirchnerism |
| Victory Party | Diana Conti | Social democracy Kirchnerism |
| New Encounter | Martín Sabbatella | Progressivism |
| Somos | Victoria Donda | Socialist feminism |
| Proyecto Sur | Jorge Selser | Progressivism |
| Broad Front | Adriana Puiggrós | Kirchnerism Social democracy Peronism |
| Solidary Party | Carlos Heller | Co-operatism Socialism |
| Popular Unity | Víctor De Gennaro [es] | Socialism of the 21st century Left-wing nationalism |
| National Alfonsinist Movement | Leopoldo Moreau | Social democracy K Radicalism |
| FORJA | Gustavo Fernando López [es] | Social democracy K Radicalism |
| Communist Party | Victor Kot | Communism Marxism–Leninism Guevarism |
| Communist Party (Extraordinary Congress) | Pablo Pereyra | Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| Revolutionary Communist Party | Juan Carlos Alderete | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
| Intransigent Party | Enrique Gustavo Cardesa | Democratic socialism |
| Patria Grande Front | Juan Grabois | Socialism of the 21st century Feminism Kirchnerism |
| La patria de los comunes | Emilio Pérsico | Kirchnerism |
| Protector Political Force | José Luis Ramón | Social democracy |
| Conservative People's Party | Marco Michelli | Federal Peronism |

## Electoral performance
### Presidential elections

| Election year | Candidate | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Result |
| Election year | Candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| 2023 | Sergio Massa | 9,853,492 | 36.78 (#1) | 11,598,720 | 44.35 (#2) | Lost |

### Legislative elections
#### Chamber of Deputies

| Election year | Leader | Votes | % | Seats won | Position |
| 2023 | Germán Martínez | 9,298,491 | 37.88 | 58 / 130 | Opposition |

#### Senate

| Election year | Leader | Votes | % | Seats won | Position |
| 2023 | José Mayans | 5,076,244 | 43.72 | 13 / 24 | Opposition |