# Ziliujing Formation

The Ziliujing Formation is a geological formation in China, It is Early Jurassic in age. It is part of the stratigraphy of the Sichuan Basin. The dinosaur Gongxianosaurus and indeterminate theropod material are known from the Dongyuemiao Member of the formation, as well as dinosaur footprints, Zizhongosaurus and indeterminate prosauropods from the Da'anzhai Member. The basal sauropod Sanpasaurus is known from the Maanshan Member. The basal ornithschian Archaeocursor is known from the formation. A possible unnamed stegosaur and the pliosauroid plesiosaur Sinopliosaurus are also known from this formation but they were found an indeterminate member. An unnamed teleosaurid known from a complete skull has also been found in the formation, pending a formal description. The deposition environment during the Da'anzhai Member in the lower Toarcian is thought to have been that of a giant freshwater lake encompassing the whole of the Sichuan basin, around 3 times larger than Lake Superior, coeval with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event around 183 Ma. The Sinemurian-Pliensbachian boundary event (192.9 Ma) has been recorded on the top of the Dongyuemiao Member, while lower parts of this member are of Earliest Sinemurian age (around 199 Ma).

## Paleofauna

| Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon | Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |

### Bivalves

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Acuneopsis | A. luochengensis | Luocheng, Jianwei | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, considered a member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. Ecological indicator of shallow zone of the big fresh-water lake under a hot climate | |
| Apseudocardinia | A. hupehensis | Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater clam, member of the family Pseudocardiniidae inside Trigoniida. | |
| Cuneopsis | C. wanxianensis | Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county | Maanshan Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. | |
| Eolamprotula | L. (Eolamprotula) cremeri | Luocheng, Jianwei | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. | Lamprotula |
| Luochengella | L. luochengensis | Luocheng, Jianwei | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. | |
| Modiolus | M. yunnanensis M. sichuanensis | Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county | Maanshan Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Mytilidae inside Mytiloida. | |
| Palaeunio | U. (Palaeunio) sichuanensis | Dakang, Zhongba | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. | |
| Palaeomargaritifera | M. (Palaeomargaritifera) qianweiensis | Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county | Maanshan Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Margaritiferidae inside Unionida. | Margaritifera |
| Pseudocardinia | P. inflata P. ventricosa P. elliptica P. aff. yangziensis P. hupehensis P. angulata P. kweichouensis P. carinata | Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county | Maanshan Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater clam, member of the family Pseudocardiniidae inside Trigoniida. | |
| Psilunio | P. thailandicus P. giganteus | Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county | Maanshan Member | Isolated Shells | A freshwater mussel, member of the family Unionidae inside Unionida. | |

### Gastropods

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Lioplacodes | L. orientalis | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Shells | A freshwater snail, member of the family Viviparidae | |

### Phyllopods

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes |
| Euestheria | E. taniiformis E. changtanensis E. elegans E. elongata E. khinganensis E. orientalis E. shandanensis E. shandongensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae. |
| Iliestheria | I. nilkaensis I. xinjiangensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae. |
| Lioestheria | L. shimamurai | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae. |
| Loxomegaglypta | L. dafangensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae. |
| Loxomicroglypta | L. laohugouensis L. liaoxiensis L. kirgizica | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Triglyptidae. |
| Ovjurium | O. cf.ubsanuri O. yixianensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Ovjuridae. |
| Palaeolimnadia | P. baitianbaensis P. acuta P. baoxingensis P. chuanbeiensis P. dachaidanensis P. diannanensis P. dundugobica P. exiensis P. grandis P. guangyuanensis P. intermedia P. hubeiensis P. kangnaiensis P. lingguanensis P. longmenshanensis P. longyinensis P. parva P. menglaensis P. pengxianensis P. rhombica P. semicircularis P. sichuanensis P. subcircularis P. subtriangularis P. venusta P. xiaomeigouensis P. yangziensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Limnadiidae. The species Palaeolimnadia baitianbaensis represent the main member of its own fauna section, that comprises other 52 species of Phyllopods |
| Pseudolimnadia | P. reticulata P. weixinensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Limnadiidae. |
| Pseudestheria | P. cf. subovata P. tanii | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province Shizi wan, Weiyuan county Huangshiban, Weiyuan county Luocheng, Jianwei Dakang, Zhongba Xiangxi, Zigui | Dongyuemiao member Maanshan member Daanzhai member | Valves | A clam shrimp (“conchostracan”), member of the family Lioestheriinae. |

### Fish

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Ceratodontiformes | Indeteminate | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Partial and semicomplete specimens: SSGT L01-HY-661, SSGT L01-HY-654, SSGT THS2715, SSGT TXH132, SSGT THS2716. | Indeterminate or unnamed members this lungfish group | |
| Ceratodus | C. szechuanensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Weiyuan, Szechuan | Maanshan Member | Isolated tooth plates | A freshwater Lungfish, type member of the Ceratodontidae inside Ceratodontiformes. Lungfish related with late jurassic genera of the same region | Ceratodus reconstruction |
| Ginglymodi | Indeteminate | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Several complete specimens: SSGT JK062, SSGT L01-HY892, SSGT JK004 | Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish order | |
| Hybodontiformes | Indeteminate | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Dorsal fin-spine, SSGT L01-HY224 Tooth, SSGT TX01 Coprolites SSGT CQ-YF02, SSGT CQ-YF04, SSGT L01-HY1011, SSGT L01-HY283 | Indeterminate or unnamed members of this Chondrichthyes group | |
| Lepidotes | L. chunkingensis L. luchowensis L. minor | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province | Maanshan Member | Complete Specimens Isolated Scales Isolated Teeth | Bony Fish, considered a member of the family Lepidotidae. Currently the only identified Bony fish recovered in this unit, with resemblance with coeval European species. Unlike that ones, the local Lepidotes lived in Freshwater settings. | Lepidotes |
| Ptycholepiformes | Indeteminate | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Complete specimen, SSGT JK029 | Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish group | |
| Teleostei | Indeteminate | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao member | Complete specimens, SSGT L01-HY269-2, SSGT L01-HY749, SSGT JXL1062 | Indeterminate or unnamed members of this bony fish group | |

### Plesiosaurs

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bishanopliosaurus | B. youngi | Bishan county, sichuan province Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao Member | IVPP V 5869, an incomplete postcranial skeleton of a young individual Referred SSGT T035, SSGT C078, SSGT JHSY60 | A plesiosaur, considered a member of the family Rhomaleosauridae. An unusual freshwater plesiosaur linked to the large Sichuan Lake system developed locally. | Bishanopliosaurus |
| Sinopliosaurus | S. weiyuanensis | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Potzewan, sichuan province | Maanshan Member | IVPP V.140, isolated remains IVPP V.229, V.157, several isolated remains | A plesiosaur, considered a member of the family Pliosauridae. Likely an invalid genus of freshwater pliosaur | |

### Testudinata

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Chelonipus | cf.C. isp. | Yaocun tracksite | Maanshan Member | Footprints | Potentially the largest turtle tracks currently known from China and an example of one of the earliest known globally | |
| Testudinata | Indet. A Indet. B | Houchiatsun, sichuan province Weiyuan, Szechuan | Dongyuemiao Member Maanshan Member | Fragments of Shells | Turtle remains of uncertain affinity. The only major turtle remains recovered in this unit. This along some undescribed shell fragments from the Lower Jurassic of Sichuan appear to represent the first documented occurrence of the fossil Testudines in China | |

### Crocodylomorphs

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Teleosaurinae | Gen et sp. nov | Daxian, Szechuan | Dongyuemiao Member | IVPP V 10098, a complete skull | A teleosaur, considered a member of the family Teleosaurinae. An unusual freshwater teleosauroid, previously referred Peipehsuchus teleorhinus. | Skull of the Ziliujing teleosaurid |
| Teleosaurus? | T.? sp. | Tatsu, Chongqing | Dongyuemiao Member | Single scute | A teleosaur, considered a member of the family Teleosaurinae. | |

### Dinosaurs
#### Ornithischians

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anomoepus | A. isp. | Yuanbaoqing tracksite, Guizhou Province | Maanshan Member | Footprints | Ornithischian footprints which resemble the pes of some neornithischians | Archaeocursor asiaticus |
| Archaeocursor | A. asiaticus | Chongqing Central Park | Dongyuemiao Member | Nearly complete left femur, SSGT L01-HY999 | An early ornithischian | Archaeocursor asiaticus |
| Ornithopoda | Indeterminate | Hulukou, Huangshiban | Maanshan Member | Isolated Remains | Indeterminate remains of possible ornithischians | Archaeocursor asiaticus |
| Thyreophora? | Stegosauria? Indet. "Gen. indet. imperfectus" | Changshanling, Potzewan Kuantsaishan, Houchiatsun | Maanshan Member | IVPP V.219, four fragments of spines An anterior caudal vertebra, a distal end of a left femur, a left tibia, a right fibula, and right foot with a few elements missing | Indeterminate remains of possible thyrephorans. "Gen. indet. imperfectus" represents a large possible ornithischian or a sauropod that was originally assigned to Sanpasaurus | Archaeocursor asiaticus |

#### Prosauropods

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Liujianpus | L. shunan | Changhebian site, Sichuan Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie site, Sichuan Province Dazhuanwan site, Guizhou Province Yantan tracksite, Guizhou Province Yaocun tracksite | Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member | Footprints | Sauropodomorph footprints, with features seen in the ichnogenus Otozum, as well as in the sauropod ichnogenus Brontopodus. This ichnogenus dominates all the track assemblages where it is found, with a presence of up the 97%. | Qianlong shouhu Lufengosaurus |
| Lufengosaurus? | L.? sp. | Liangshuijing, Zigong Weixin area, Yunnan Province | Daanzhai member | ZDM 0011: Damaged dentary with a tooth Uncertain Remains | A sauropodomorph; probably a member of the family Massospondylidae. One of the youngest non-sauropod sauropodomorphs discovered worldwide. It represents its own faunal section. | Qianlong shouhu Lufengosaurus |
| Qianlong | Q. shouhu | Zhuanpo, Pingba District | Zhenzhuchong Member | Three partial semi-articulated skeletons (GZPM VN001, 002, and 003) Five clutches of embryo-containing eggs | A sauropodomorph; the associated clutch provides strong evidence for the earliest known leathery eggs. | Qianlong shouhu Lufengosaurus |

#### Sauropods

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Brontopodus | B. isp. Cf.B. isp. | Yuanbaoqing tracksite, Guizhou Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie tracksite, Sichuan Province | Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member | Footprints | Sauropod footprints which resemble the pes of some mamenchisaurids. Associated Brontopodus-like trackway with Liujianpus indicates that small and large sauropodomorphs may have co-existed. | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Cetiosauridae | Indeterminate | Hulukou, Huangshiban, Sichuan Province Shiziling Tiefo, Sichuan Province | Daanzhai Member | IVPP V9070, desarticulated postcraneal skeleton Isolated dorsal vertebrae Tibia | A eusauropod related to the family Cetiosauridae; likely the oldest referred specimen to this family | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Gongxianosaurus | G. shibeiensis G. sp. | Shibei Township, Gongxian County | Dongyuemiao Member | Four complete and incomplete skeletons are similar in both size and appearance A large number of scapula, dorsal vertebrae and ilium, and a complete caudal system with 51 centra | A sauropod that may represent a late-surviving basal member of the group. It has some features of both sauropods and sauropodomorphs, and may be regarded as an intermediate type in the evolution between both groups. | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Mamenchisauridae | Indeterminate | Gulin County, Sichuan Province Shapingpa, Chongqing country Chinkangpei, Chongqing country Datienwan, Chongqing country Chongqing suburbs, Chongqing country | Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member | Associated Tibia, femur and isolated Phalages Several caudal vertebrae Dorsal vertebra Vertebra (caudal?) | An eusauropod, related to the family Mamenchisauridae; likely the oldest referred specimen to this family (Unless Tonganosaurus is a mamenchisaur) | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Parabrontopodus | P. isp. | Hejie tracksite, Zigong City Yaocun tracksite | Maanshan Member | Footprints | Sauropod footprints. The narrow-gauge trackway pattern resembles Parabrontopodus, well known from the Jurassic, but other features, such as the low heteropody, are different | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Sanpasaurus | S. yaoi | Weiyuan, Szechuan | Maanshan Member | IVPP V156A (IVPP V156 partim); Disarticulated middle-posterior dorsal vertebral series, consisting of three complete centra with partial neural arches. IVPP V156B; two centra from the dorsal vertebral series | A sauropod with uncertain affinities inside the group. Originally interpreted it as the remains of an ornithopod ornithischian. | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| "Shunosaurus" | "S." ziliujingensis | Loquanjing, Sichuan country | Maanshan Member | Uncatalogued Partial skeleton | A sauropod, referred to the family Shunosaurinae. Likely not Shunosaurus. It was described in the Zigong Museum Guide | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| "Yibinosaurus" | "Y. zhoui" | Shibei Township, Gongxian County | Dongyuemiao Member | Partial disarticulated skeleton | An invalid genus of sauropod of uncertain affinities. "Yibinosaurus" is from the same locality as Gongxianosaurus, and Gongxianosaurus sp. nov. may be the "Yibinosaurus" material | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |
| Zizhongosaurus | Z. chuanchensis "Z. huangshibanensis" | Loquanjing, Sichuan country Huangshiban, Weiyuan County | Maanshan Member | A dorsal spine, a distal end of pubis and a fragmentary humerus Uncertain Remains | A sauropod, referred to the family Vulcanodontidae or Shunosaurinae. It builds its own faunal section, yet some authors view it as a nomen dubium. | Shunosaurus Sanpasaurus |

#### Theropods

| Genus | Species | Location | Section | Material | Notes | Images |
| Elaphrosaurinae? | Indeterminate | Kuantsaishan, Houchiatsun | Maanshan Member | IVPP V.138, Four vertebrae and a distal part of a metatarsus | Indeterminate remains of theropods with resemblance to the genus Elaphrosaurus, initially thought to be a member of Coeluridae. | |
| Eubrontes | E. isp. | Gulin County, Sichuan Province | Daanzhai Member | Footprints | Theropod footprints of uncertain affinity, probably related to theropods such as Dilophosaurus | |
| Grallator | G. ssatoi G. isp. | Dongyuemiao tracksite, Sichuan Province Gulin County, Sichuan Province Hejie site, Sichuan Province Wuli site, Sichuan Province | Daanzhai Member Maanshan Member | Footprints | Theropod footprints of uncertain affinity. The Grallator relationships of these tracks are solid, as they don't display features of other ichnogenera found in the early Jurassic of the same region. Includes some of the smallest Grallator (and avian theropod) tracks ever described in the literature. | Grallator |
| Neotheropoda | Indeterminate | Shibei Township, Gongxian County | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated Teeth Isolated Vertebrae | Indeterminate remains of theropods, very common along Gongxianosaurus fossils. | |

## Flora

| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anomozamites | Anomozamites cf. gracilis | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with the Bennettitales inside Bennettitopsida. Anomozamites is characterised by slender, (almost) completely and regularly segmented leaves whose leaflets are generally as long as broad or, at maximum, two times as long as broad. This genus is related with more arboreal Bennetitalean flora. Shows coriaceous leaves and is a genus linked more with dry climates. | Anomozamites specimen |
| Baiera | B. kidoi B. sp. | Badong-Lichuan Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Karkeniaceae inside Ginkgoales. | Example of Baiera specimen |
| Cladophlebis | C. sp. | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Osmundaceae inside Osmundales. Lower vegetation members | Cladophlebis nebbensis specimen |
| Clathropteris | C. meniscioides C. platyphylla | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Dipteridaceae inside Polypodiales. | Example of Clathropteris meniscioides specimen |
| Coniopteris | C. cf. burejensis C. hymenophylloides C. murrayana | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Dicksoniaceae inside Cyatheales. Common cosmopolitan Mesozoic Tree fern genus. | Coniopteris specimen |
| Cycadites | C. sp. nov. | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Cycadales inside Cycadopsida. | Cycadites specimen |
| Dictyophyllum | D. nathorsti D. nilssoni | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Dipteridaceae inside Polypodiales. Dictyophyllum is a common Dipteridacean genus of the mid-Mesozoic. Here is indicator of Toarcian age for the sedimnets | Dictyophyllum nilssonii specimen |
| Equisetites | E. lateralis E. columnaris E. filus Equisetites sp. | Yangtze Gorges area Yuzhou Biota Hechuan, Chongqing | Dongyuemiao Member | Stems | Affinities with Equisetaceae inside Equisetales. Based on analogies with morphologically similar extant Equisetum species, it is interpreted to represent a plant of consistently moist habitats, such as marshes, lake margins or forest understorey, developed normally dense thickets. | Example of Equisetites specimen |
| Ferganiella | F. podozamiodes | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Krassiloviaceae inside Voltziales. | |
| Ginkgoites | G. sp. | Badong-Lichuan | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Ginkgoaceae inside Ginkgoales. | Ginkgoites specimen |
| Klukia | K. exilis | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Schizaeaceae inside Schizaeales. Grass Ferns | Example of Klukia exilis specimen |
| Nilssonia | N. xilinhotensis N. inouyei | Yuzhou Biota | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Nilssoniales within Cycadophyta or Bennettitales. | Nilssonia specimen |
| Otozamites | O. mixomorphus O. hsiangchiensis O. nalajingensis | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Williamsoniaceae inside Bennettitales. Insufficient and incomplete material prevents certain allocation to that species. | Otozamites specimen |
| Phlebopteris | P. cf. polypodioides | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Matoniaceae inside Gleicheniales. | Example of Phlebopteris specimen |
| Podozamites | P. schenki P. lanceolatus | Badong-Lichuan | Dongyuemiao Member | Leaflets | Affinities with Krassiloviaceae inside Voltziales. | Podozamites reconstruction |
| Stachypteris | S.? anomala | Yangtze Gorges area | Dongyuemiao Member | Isolated pinnae | Affinities with Schizaeaceae inside Schizaeales. Grass Ferns | |

## See Also

* Blue Lias, England
* Charmouth Mudstone Formation, England
* Jurensismergel Formation, Germany
* Posidonia Shale, Germany
* Sorthat Formation, Denmark
* Hasle Formation, Denmark
* Zagaje Formation, Poland
* Drzewica Formation, Poland
* Ciechocinek Formation, Poland
* Borucice Formation, Poland
* Rotzo Formation, Italy
* Saltrio Formation, Italy
* Moltrasio Formation, Italy
* Marne di Monte Serrone, Italy
* Calcare di Sogno, Italy
* Podpeč Limestone, Slovenia
* Coimbra Formation, Portugal
* El Pedregal Formation, Spain
* Fernie Formation, Canada
* Whiteaves Formation, British Columbia
* Navajo Sandstone, Utah
* Yanan Formation, China
* Aganane Formation, Morocco
* Tafraout Group, Morocco
* Azilal Formation, Morocco
* Budoš Limestone, Montenegro
* Kota Formation, India
* Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Argentina
* Los Molles Formation, Argentina
* Kandreho Formation, Madagascar
* Elliot Formation, South Africa
* Clarens Formation, South Africa
* Evergreen Formation, Australia
* Cattamarra Coal Measures, Australia
* Hanson Formation, Antarctica
* Mawson Formation, Antarctica