OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oskar Jeż

Oskar Jeż (born 7 January 2007) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ekstraklasa club Motor Lublin.

## Career
### Youth career

He started his youth career in Motor Lublin. During the 2016–17 season, he moved to KS Lublinianka and four years later, he moved back to Motor, where he stayed for the rest of his youth career.

### Motor Lublin

He played for Motor's reserve team, but did not make his debut in I and II liga. Throughout the 2023–24 season, he made twenty-two appearances in Motor Lublin II.

#### Loan to KS Wiązownica

On 1 August 2024, he was loaned to III liga side KS Wiązownica until 30 June 2025, where he was given squad number 1. Jeż made his debut in the fourth tier on 10 August in a 3–1 home victory over Podhale Nowy Targ. Throughout his four-month loan, he made eleven appearances.

#### Return to Motor

In December 2024, he was recalled from loan.
# Edwin Engelhart

Edwin Engelhart (born February 18, 1976) is a former Dutch professional basketball player who last played for Zorg en Zekerheid Leiden in the Dutch Basketball League during the 2006-2007 season.
# Carmen Emmi

Carmen Emmi is an American film director, and writer.

## Filmography

* Plainclothes (film)
# Kiernan Tague incident

The Kiernan Tague incident refers to a car crash that occurred on November 17, 2023, in Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan. Kiernan Tague, then 16 years old, was driving a BMW X3 M at a speed of 105 mph in a 25 mph residential zone when he crashed into a pole and a tree. The crash resulted in the death of his passenger, 18-year-old Flynn MacKrell, a freshman at the University of Dayton. Tague survived the crash but has since been charged with second-degree murder. The incident has sparked significant controversy, particularly regarding the potential criminal liability of Tague's mother, Elizabeth Puleo-Tague, who is accused of enabling her son's reckless driving behavior.

## Background

In the months leading up to the crash, Tague had developed a pattern of extreme speeding, often exceeding 140 mph. His mother, Elizabeth Puleo-Tague, was aware of his dangerous driving habits, as evidenced by text messages she sent him, warning him to slow down. Despite this, she allowed him continued access to powerful vehicles, including the BMW X3 M that was involved in the fatal crash. Some have compared her actions to those of the parents of the Oxford High School shooter, who were convicted of involuntary manslaughter for failing to prevent their son’s actions.

## Legal proceedings

Tague was charged with second-degree murder in March 2024 and is awaiting trial in Wayne County Circuit Court. He is being tried as an "adult designated" juvenile, which means the judge has the discretion to sentence him either as an adult or a juvenile if convicted.
The case has also led to calls for charges against Tague's mother, Elizabeth Puleo-Tague. Flynn MacKrell's family, particularly his mother, Anne Vanker, has been vocal in demanding that Tague's mother be held accountable, arguing that her inaction and continued provision of high-performance vehicles to her son contributed to the fatal crash. On December 10, 2024, the Wayne County Prosecutor's Office announced that, after reviewing the evidence, they will not be pursuing charges against Elizabeth Puleo-Tague, citing the fact that the only person responsible for the charges is her son.
Tague plead guilty to the lesser charge of vehicular manslaughter on February 28, 2025, after accepting a plea deal from the Wayne County Prosecutor's Office.

## Public and legal reactions

The incident has drawn significant media attention, with many debating the extent of parental responsibility in such cases. Legal experts have noted that while the text messages and other evidence against Puleo-Tague are compelling, prosecuting her could be challenging. Comparisons to the Oxford High School shooting case, where the parents were successfully prosecuted, have demonstrated the potential precedent this case might set.
# Turkesterone

Turkesterone is naturally occuring phytoecdysteroid, a subclass of ecdysteroids - steroidal compounds structurally related to invertebrate molting hormones. It is predominantly found in numerous plant species including Ajuga turkestanica, various Vitex species, Triticum aestivum, Cyanotis arachnoidea and Rhaponticum acaule.
Turkesterone possesses a polyhydroxylated structure with a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene skeleton, typically consisting of 27 - 30 carbon atoms and a β-oriented side chain at C17, resembling cholesterol-derived steroids. However, unlike anabolic-androgenic steroid, turkesterone does not bind to androgen receptor. Instead, it is hypothesized to exert its anabolic effects through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway, which regulates protein synthesis, cellular growth, and muscle hypertrophy. Additionally, turkesterone has been implicated in promoting nitrogen retention, enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis of organelles, and modulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, contributing to improved physical performance and recovery. Its bioactivity extends beyond muscle anabolism, demonstrating adaptogenic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic applications in stress resilience, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders.
Despite its potential, further research is needed to fully elucidate its pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and long-term effects in humans.
# List of majority leaders of the Minnesota House of Representatives

This is a list of majority leaders of the Minnesota House of Representatives
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party/caucus |
| Winslow W. R Dunn | 1901 | 1903 | Republican |
| George W. Wilson | 1903 | 1905 | Republican |
| Anton J. Rockne | 1905 | 1909 | Republican |
| Henry Rines | 1909 | 1913 | Republican |
| William I. Nolan | 1913 | 1915 | Conservative |
| Thomas H. Girling | 1915 | 1917 | Conservative |
| Willis I. Norton | 1917 | 1933 | Conservative |
| John J. McDonough | 1933 | 1935 | Liberal |
| Roy E. Dunn | 1935 | 1937 | Conservative |
| Carl J. Eastvold | 1937 | 1939 | Liberal |
| Roy E. Dunn | 1939 | 1955 | Conservative |
| Fred A. Cina | 1955 | 1963 | Liberal |
| Aubrey W. Dirlam | 1963 | 1971 | Conservative |
| Ernest A. Lindstrom | 1971 | 1973 | Republican |
| Irv Anderson | 1973 | 1981 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Jerry Knickerbocker | 1979 | 1980 | Independent-Republican |
| Willis R. Eken | 1981 | 1984 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Harry Sieben | 1984 | 1985 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Connie Levi | 1985 | 1987 | Independent-Republican |
| Robert Vanasek | 1987 | 1987 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Ann Wynia | 1987 | 1989 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Dee Long | 1989 | 1992 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Alan Welle | 1992 | 1993 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Irv Anderson | 1993 | 1993 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Phil Carruthers | 1993 | 1997 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Ted Winter | 1997 | 1999 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Tim Pawlenty | 1999 | 2003 | Republican |
| Erik Paulsen | 2003 | 2007 | Republican |
| Tony Sertich | 2007 | 2011 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Matt Dean | 2011 | 2013 | Republican |
| Erin Murphy | 2013 | 2015 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Joyce Peppin | 2015 | 2018 | Republican |
| Ryan Winkler | 2019 | 2023 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Jamie Long | 2023 | 2025 | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |
| Harry Niska | 2025 | present | Republican |
| Melissa Hortman | 2025 | present | Democratic-Farmer-Labor |

## Notes on Minnesota political party names

* Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party: On April 15, 1944 the state Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party merged and created the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL). It is affiliated with the national Democratic Party.
* Republican Party of Minnesota: From November 15, 1975 to September 23, 1995 the name of the state Republican party was the Independent-Republican party (I-R). The party has always been affiliated with the national Republican Party.
In 1913, Minnesota legislators began to be elected on nonpartisan ballots. Nonpartisanship also was an historical accident that occurred in the 1913 session when a bill to provide for no party elections of judges and city and county officers was amended to include the Legislature in the belief that it would kill the bill. Legislators ran and caucused as "Liberals" or "Conservatives" roughly equivalent in most years to Democratic-Farmer-Labor and Republican, respectively. The law was changed in 1973, in 1974, House members again ran with party designation.
# 2011 Rome demonstration

On 15 October 2011 about 200,000 people gathered in Rome, Italy to protest against economic inequality and the influence of the European Commission, the European Central Bank, the International Monetary Fund on politics and also against the government of Silvio Berlusconi. The protests began in solidarity with the Spanish protests. Many other protests occurred in other Italian cities the same day.

## Movements involved

The demonstrations were endorsed by several political parties, trade unions and civil movements, including: Cobas, Federazione Anarchica Italiana, Youth Federation of Italian Communists, Young Communists, Purple people, Workers' Communist Party, Party of Italian Communists, Communist Refoundation Party, Left Ecology Freedom, Critical Left, the left wing of the Italian General Confederation of Labour, and many others.

## Riots

On the afternoon the Rome protests turned violent, as hundreds of hooded protesters arrived on the scene and broke away from the otherwise peaceful demonstration, setting cars and a police van on fire, smashing bank windows and clashed with police. A Catholic church was ransacked and a statue of the Madonna was thrown into the street where it was stomped on by one of the rioters. Two news crews from Sky Italia were also assaulted. Police repeatedly fired tear gas and water cannons at the protesters. At least 135 people were injured, including 105 police officers. Twelve people were arrested the same day, and another one on 17 October.
It was later determined that the damage from the rioting amounted to €1.815 million, with €1 million tied to the Public Works Department.
# Lucile Schmid

Lucile Schmid or Lucile Provost (born August 26, 1962) is a French politician of the Europe Ecology – The Greens party (EELV). She serves in the French Ministry of Economy and Finances and she is co-president of the Green European Foundation (GEF).

## Life

Schmid was born in Versailles, Yvelines, on August 26, 1962.
After joining the environmentalist party, Lucile Schmid participates in the 2010 regional campaign, especially in the Hauts-de-Seine where she lives, but without being a candidate. She was involved in the construction of the Europe Ecology – The Greens party (EELV). She is also a member of the founding college of the Political Ecology Foundation (alongside, among others, Jean-Paul Besset and Alain Lipietz)).
During the cantonal elections of 2011, she was a candidate for the EELV in the canton of Issy-les-Moulineaux-East, she obtained 15.13% of the votes in the first round. In the second round, she supported the Socialist Party candidate.
In the leadership of the party, she was appointed co-director of the campaign for the presidential elections of 2012. After the Europe Ecology The Greens convention of November 2013 she started three years in the executive office where she is responsible for monitoring climate negotiations.
She is a board member of the think tank La Fabrique écologique8 and the editorial board of the revue Esprit magazine. In 2018, she serves in the French Ministry of Economy and Finances and she was co-president of the Green European Foundation (GEF).

## Publications

* La Seconde Guerre d’Algérie, le quiproquo franco algérien (sous le nom de Lucile Provost), Paris, Flammarion, 1996 ISBN 978-2080672575, 2080672576
* Le Bruit du tic tac, Paris, Robert Laffont, 2000 ISBN 978-2221096048, 2221096045
* Une femme au pays des hommes politiques, Paris, Flammarion, 2003 ISBN 978-2082102933, 2082102939
* L’Égalité en danger ?, Paris, Bourin, 2006 ISBN 978-2849410516, 2849410519
* Parité circus, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 2008 ISBN 978-2702138946
* L'écologie est politique avec Catherine Larrère et Olivier Fressard, Paris, Les Petits matins/Fondation de l'Écologie politique, 2013 ISBN 9782363831125
* Dossier « Les mondes de l'écologie » (coordination), revue Esprit, 2018
# Federal University of Grande Dourados

The Federal University of Grande Dourados (Portuguese: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, UFGD) is a Brazilian public institution which is located in the city of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
# Aaron Davis vs. Meldrick Taylor

Aaron Davis vs. Meldrick Taylor, billed as A Tale of Two Cities, was a professional boxing match contested on January 19, 1991, for the WBA welterweight title.

## Background

On July 8th, 1990, reigning WBA welterweight champion Mark Breland defended his title against undefeated contender Aaron Davis. Though Davis was an impressive 29–0 going into the fight, he had faced mostly unheralded journeymen and came into the fight as a 8–1 underdog and was not expected to pose much of a threat to Breland. However, despite Breland injuring his right eye early in the fight, Davis held a narrow lead going into the 9th round when he connected with a right hand that practically knocked Breland out cold and gave him the upset victory. Breland expressed interest in a rematch with Davis, but instead took a lengthy hiatus and returned the following April fighting as middleweight. Davis expressed interest in a unification bout with Marlon Starling, but Starling would lose his title to Maurice Blocker two months later and never fought again.
Instead, it was announced in mid-December that Breland's longtime friend, Olympic teammate and Main Events stablemate Meldrick Taylor would challenge Davis for the title the following month in January 1991. Taylor was moving up in weight after having held the IBF light welterweight title for over a year before losing it in controversial fashion to Julio César Chávez in March. Taylor and his manager Dan Duva had been in deep negotiations with Chávez and his promoter Don King for a rematch tentatively scheduled to take place at The Mirage on February 2, 1992. King claimed Duva had already agreed to the Chávez rematch on Taylor's behalf and sued him citing breach of contract though Duva stated that he didn't consider the lawsuit "serious" and continued ahead with the Davis–Taylor fight.

## Fight Details

Taylor controlled the fight from the opening bell, staying on the inside of Davis, which prevented the taller and lankier Davis from landing much offense, and hammering him with body shots and combinations throughout the early rounds. Taylor was penalized one point in the second round but won all of the remaining first four rounds before Davis mounted a brief offensive comeback in the fifth, but that round would be the only round he would win unanimously on all three scorecards during the first 10 rounds. Having regained control following that fifth round, Taylor had built a wide lead on the scorecards and opted to avoid engaging Davis for the remaining two rounds, who won those two rounds as the retreating Taylor offered little offense and was booed by the crowd for his lack of action. After going the full 12 rounds, the decision was left to the judge's scorecards who each had Taylor the winner with two scores of 116–111 and one of 115–112.

## Fight card

Confirmed bouts:
^Note 1 For WBA Welterweight Title

## Broadcasting

| Country | Broadcaster |
| Mexico | Imevisión |
| United Kingdom | Screensport |
| United States | HBO |
# Ma Liu Shui San Tsuen

Ma Liu Shui San Tsuen (Chinese: 馬料水新村), sometimes transliterated as Ma Niu Shui San Tsuen, is a village in Fanling, North District, Hong Kong.

## Administration

Ma Liu Shui San Tsuen is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy.
# Ticlio

Ticlio (or Anticona) is a mountain pass and the highest point (4,818 m or 15,807 ft) of the Central Highway of Peru (km 120), located in the Andes Mountains in the Chicla District, Huarochirí Province, Department of Lima. It used to be a railway crossing loop on the Ferrocarril Central Andino (FCCA) in Peru, whose main claim to fame was being the highest railway junction in the world. The railway now crosses the pass through the nearby Galera Summit Tunnel at a lower elevation of 4,783 m (15,692 ft) and enters a different valley than the highway on the eastern side of the pass.

## Overview

Ticlio Station lies at km 171 of the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge FCCA about 2 km (1.2 miles) from the highway summit at the western end of Galera Summit Tunnel. From 1893 to 1921, it was the junction for the now-closed branch to Morococha. FCCA is an active freight and passenger line (FCCA offers several tourist trips per month from Lima to Huancayo). On the railway approach to Ticlio from the direction of Lima, eight tunnels were necessary in a stretch of less than 3.2 km (2 miles).
Temperature varies between 8 and -5 °C. Atmospheric pressure in Ticlio is approximately 50% lower than the one present at sea level, which causes the vast majority of people that pass through this point to suffer altitude sickness or soroche.
At its highest point, at 4,818 m (15,807 ft), is placed the Ernest Malinowski Monument by sculptor Gustaw Zemła, which is dedicated to Ernest Malinowski, an engineer who designed the Ferrocarril Central Andino railway.
# Chang sign

Chang sign is a radiologic sign for detecting pulmonary embolism in X-ray films. It refers to the dilatation and abrupt change in calibre of a previously normal descending pulmonary artery on a chest X-ray film. Chang sign usually appears within 24 hours of the onset of chest pain due to pulmonary embolism, and the maximal dilatation of the descending pulmonary artery often occurs in two to three days after the onset of pain.
Chang sign is absent in case of co-existing pneumonia or other conditions causing central opacities, where the descending pulmonary artery cannot be visualised in the X-ray image.
# Walmer, Gqeberha

Walmer is a large neighborhood of Gqeberha, the largest city in Eastern Cape, South Africa.

## Geography

Walmer is located around 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south of Gqeberha's city centre and is the location of the Port Elizabeth International Airport.

## History

It was an independent municipality from 1899 to 1965, when it was absorbed by Gqeberha. For unknown reasons, it was named after Walmer Castle, the seat of the Duke of Wellington in Kent, England.

## Notable People

Azola Matrose (Soccer Player)
# Cherkovna, Targovishte Province

Cherkovna is a village in Northern Bulgaria, in Targovishte Municipality, Targovishte Province. Аccording to the 2020 Bulgarian census, Cherkovna has a population of 646 people with a permanent address registered in the settlement.

## Geography

Cherkovna village is in Municipality Targovishte. There is a point in Antarctica, Barilari Bay, Graham Coast, named after the village of Cherkovna.
The village is in the geographical area Gerlovo, 4 kilometers away South from dam Cherkovna. The elevation of the village ranges between 300 and 499 meters with an average elevation of 351 meters above sea level. The village's climate is continental.

## Buildings and infrastructure

There are three main roads that stem from the village toward Koprets (3.5 km), Strazha (6 km) and Vardun (4 km).
The active buildings in the village are.
* The local community hall and library "Svetlina" was built in 1927 and is still acting.

## Ethnicity

According to the Bulgarian population census in 2011.
| | Number | Percentage(in %) |
| Total | 632 | 100.00 |
| Bulgarians | 0 | 0 |
| Turks | 628 | 99.36 |
| Romani | 0 | 0 |
| Others | 0 | 0 |
| Do not define themselves | 0 | 0 |
| Unanswered | 3 | 0.47 |
# Oxley Vale, New South Wales

Oxley Vale is a suburb of Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia, which runs either side of Manilla road. It is between the suburbs of North Tamworth and the satellite suburb of Hallsville. Oxley Vale is a largely residential suburb. Nazareth House nursing house is located there.

## Mobile Phone Blackspot Program

Vodafone will serve the town and surrounding area with mobile phone service as part of the National Blackspot Program from Q4 2016.

## Sports

* Oxley Vale Attunga Football Club is the major sporting club of this suburb. Oxley Vale Attunga although playing in North Tamworth it draws the majority of its players and thousands of supporters from this suburb.

## Schools

* Oxley Vale Public School
* St. Marys Catholic School
# U. Thaniyarasu

U. Thaniyarasu is politician and, as of 2011, was a Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Paramathi Velur constituency. He represents the alliance with AIADMK.
Since May 2016, he has been a Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Kangayam constituency.
# Sheila Kitzinger

Sheila Helena Elizabeth Kitzinger MBE (29 March 1929 – 11 April 2015) was a British social anthropologist, natural childbirth activist and author on childbirth and pregnancy. She wrote more than 20 books and had a worldwide reputation as a passionate and committed advocate for change.

## Life and work

Kitzinger was born in Taunton, Somerset. She was a social anthropologist specialising in pregnancy, childbirth and the parenting of babies and young children. She campaigned for women to have the information they need to make choices about childbirth and was a well known advocate for breastfeeding. She joined the advisory board of the National Childbirth Trust (NCT) in 1958 as a teacher and trainer.
She held academic posts at the University of Edinburgh and the Open University, and was an honorary professor at the University of West London, where she taught the MA in midwifery in the Wolfson School of Health Sciences. She also taught workshops on the social anthropology of birth and breastfeeding. She wrote many articles and books and was active in midwifery education in the UK and internationally. She lectured widely in the USA and Canada, the Caribbean, Israel, Australia, Latin America, South Africa and Japan and worked as a consultant to the International Childbirth Education Association.
She was a strong believer that all women who are not at high risk should be given the choice of a home birth. Her books cover women's experiences of breastfeeding, antenatal care, birth plans, induction of labour, epidurals, episiotomy, hospital care in childbirth, children's experiences of being present at birth and post traumatic stress following childbirth. Some of her writing was controversial for its time; The Good Birth Guide (1979) may have caused a rift in her relationship with the NCT and she was often at odds with radical feminist views. Her work is considered influential in changing the culture in which women give birth She believed that: "Birth is a major life transition. It is – must be – also a political issue, in terms of the power of the medical system, how it exercises control over women and whether it enables them to make decisions about their own bodies and their babies." She was awarded an MBE in 1982 in recognition of her services to education for childbirth.
In 1987, she made an extended appearance on television in the first series of Channel 4's After Dark. From the late 1980s she was series editor for Pandora Press's Issues in Women’s Health; the books in this series included her own The Midwife Challenge, and also Gabrielle Palmer's seminal The Politics of Breastfeeding.
Kitzinger died of cancer in Oxfordshire in 2015 after a short illness. Her autobiography, A Passion for Birth: My Life: Anthropology, Family and Feminism, was published shortly after her death. She has five children; her daughter Celia Kitzinger is a scholar and activist.