# List of slave traders of the United States

This is a list of slave traders of the United States, people whose occupation or business was the slave trade in the United States, i.e. the buying and selling of human chattel as commodities, primarily African-American people in the Southern United States, from the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 until the defeat of the Confederate States of America in 1865.
The Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves was passed in 1808 under the so-called Star-Spangled Banner flag, when there were 15 states in the Union, closing the transatlantic slave trade and setting the stage for the interstate slave trade in the U.S. Over 50 years later, in 1865, the last American slave sale was made somewhere in the rebel Confederacy. In the intervening years, the politics surrounding the addition of 20 new states to the Union had been almost overwhelmingly dominated by whether or not those states would have legal slavery.
Slavery was widespread, so slave trading was widespread, and "When a planter died, failed in business, divided his estate, needed ready money to satisfy a mortgage or pay a gambling debt, or desired to get rid of an unruly Negro, traders struck a profitable bargain." A slave trader might have described himself as a broker, auctioneer, general agent, or commission merchant, and often sold real estate, personal property, and livestock in addition to enslaved people. Many large trading firms also had field agents, whose job it was to go to more remote towns and rural areas, buying up enslaved people for resale elsewhere. Field agents stood lower in the hierarchy, and are generally poorly studied, in part due to lack of records, but field agents for Austin Woolfolk, for example, "served only a year or two at best and usually on a part-time basis. No fortunes were to be made as local agents." On the other end of the financial spectrum from the agents were the investors—usually wealthy planters like David Burford, John Springs III, and Chief Justice John Marshall—who fronted cash to slave speculators. They did not escort coffles or run auctions themselves, but they did parlay their enslaving expertise into profits. Also, especially in the first quarter of the 19th century, cotton factors, banks, and shipping companies did a great deal of slave trading business as part of what might be called the "vertical integration" of cotton and sugar industries.
Countless slaves were also sold at courthouse auctions by county sheriffs and U.S. marshals to satisfy court judgments, settle estates, and to "cover jail fees"; individuals involved in those sales are not the primary focus of this list. People who dealt in enslaved indigenous persons, such as was the case with slavery in California, would be included. Slave smuggling took advantage of international and tribal boundaries to traffic slaves into the United States from Spanish North American and Caribbean colonies, and across the lands of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muskogee, Seminole, et al., but American-born or naturalized smugglers, Indigenous slave traders, and any American buyers of smuggled slaves would be included.
Note: Research by Michael Tadman has found that "'core' sources provide only a basic skeleton of a much more substantial trade" in enslaved people throughout the South, with particular deficits in records of rural slave trading, already wealthy people who speculated to grow their wealth further, and in all private sales that occurred outside auction houses and negro marts. This list represents a fraction of the "many hundreds of participants in a cruel and omnipresent" American market.
List is organized by surname of trader, or name of firm, where principals have not been further identified.
Note: Charleston and Charles Town, Virginia are distinct places that later became Charleston, West Virginia, and Charles Town, West Virginia, respectively, and neither is to be confused with Charleston, South Carolina.
   We must have a market for human flesh, or we are ruined.

## A

* Anderson D. Abraham, Buckingham Co., Va.
* Robert S. Adams, Aberdeen, Miss.
* Adkin & Boikin, Virginia
* George Ailer, Virginia
* Thomas Alexander, Charleston, S.C.
* Algood, Mississippi
* Dr. James Alston, North Carolina
* Samuel Alsop, Fredericksburg, Va.
* Anchor, North and South Carolina
* John W. Anderson, Mason Co., Ky. and Natchez and Natchez
* Pat Anderson, Tennessee and Louisiana
* James Andrews, New Orleans
* Andrews & Hatcher, New Orleans
* Henry Andrius, New Orleans
* George W. Apperson
* John Armfield
* Francis Arnolds, Carolinas
* Jordan Arterburn and Tarlton Arterburn, Louisville, Ky.
* Atkinson & Richardson, Tennessee, Kentucky, and St. Louis, Mo.
* Austin, Georgia and Virginia
* George Austin, Charleston, S.C.
* Lewis L. Austin
* Robert Austin, Charleston, S.C.

## B

* Thomas Bagby, Macon, Ga.
* William K. Bagby, Atlanta, Ga.
* Baget & King, North Carolina
* J. Russell Baker, Charleston, S.C.
* Robert M. Balch, Memphis
* Rice C. Ballard, Richmond
* William Ballard
* Richard Balton or Bolton
* Tom Banks, Richmond and Texas
* E. Barnard
* Barrum, Virginia and Mississippi
* Bates, Virginia and Mobile, Ala.
* George Richard Beard
* J. A. Beard & May, New Orleans
* Joseph A. Beard
* Beard and Calhoun
* Bearly & Robert
* Richard Renard Beasley
* Robert Beasley, Macon, Ga.
* Bebee, Atlanta, Ga.
* George W. Behn
* Samuel Bennett, Natchez
* Bennett & Rhett, Charleston, S.C.
* Daniel Berry, Tennessee and Texas
* William Betts, Richmond
* Betts & Cochran, Richmond
* Betts & Gregory, Richmond
* Beverly
* Carter Beverly, Virginia
* William Biggs & Lyman Harding, Natchez
* Richard Chambers Bishop
* C. J. Blackman, Yazoo City, Miss.
* John Blackwell, Maryland and South Carolina
* Blackwell, Murphy & Ferguson, Forks of the Road, Natchez, Miss.
* James G. Blakey
* Joseph G. Blakey
* Blakely, Virginia
* Blount & Dawson, Savannah
* James W. Boazman, New Orleans
* Bolton, Dickens & Co.
* John Booker, Virginia and Mississippi
* Robert Booth, Richmond and Alabama
* Botts
* Thomas Boudar, New Orleans
* Bowen and Burgess, Virginia
* J. E. Bowers, Charleston, S.C.
* Boyce, Kentucky and Natchez
* Robert Boyce
* Boyce, Hamburg and Charleston, S.C.
* William L. Boyd Jr., Nashville
* Boyd, Whitworth, and Taylor, Nashville
* Tom Brown, Virginia and Mississippi
* Edward Bush, Tennessee
* Return Bradley, Kentucky and New Orleans
* Dr. Brady, Hopkinsville, Ky.
* C. C. Bragg, Charles Town, Va.
* Robert B. "Old Bob" Brashear, Salem, Va. and Alexandria, Va. and New Orleans and Louisville, Ky.
* Richard Brenan
* Briggs, Cleveland Co., N.C. and Alabama
* Bright, Mississippi
* Elijah Brittingham, Virginia and New Orleans
* Thack Brodnax
* Henry Brooks, Georgia
* Will Brooks, Virginia and Tennessee
* John Brown, Tennessee
* S. N. Brown & Co., Montgomery, Ala.
* Brown & Taylor, Missouri and Vicksburg, Miss.
* Brown & Watson, Montgomery, Ala.
* Browning, Moore & Co., Richmond
* Bruher, New Orleans
* Joseph Bruin, Alexandria, Va.
* Bruthing, Alexandria, Va. and New Orleans
* Alexander Bryan, Savannah
* Joseph Bryan, Savannah
* Buchanan, Carroll & Co., New Orleans
* John L. Buck, Natchez, Miss.
* J. Buddy, New Orleans
* S. E. Buford, Jefferson City, La.
* Zachariah Bugg
* Redmond Bunn, Macon, Ga.
* Willie Burrows, Virginia?
* Busster, Georgia
* Samuel W. Butler, Natchez

## C

* Joseph Caldwell, Virginia
* Bernard M. Campbell, Walter L. Campbell, and relations, Baltimore and New Orleans,
* Capers & Heyward, Charleston, S.C.
* Mr. Carrod, Mississippi and South Carolina
* Carson, North Carolina (?)
* Charles Carson & Smith, Burke Co., N.C. and New Orleans
* John Carter and Jesse Carter, Virginia
* Mr. Cavel, New Orleans
* William Cavendish, New Orleans
* Leon Chabert, Louisiana
* John W. Chrisp, Memphis
* Clarant or Clavant, Richmond
* John Clark, Louisville, Ky.
* William and Samuel Clark, Virginia and New Orleans
* James Clarke, Bayou Sara, La.
* Robert M. Clarke, Atlanta, Ga.
* Amaziah Cobb, Georgia
* James G. Cobb, Alexandria, Va.
* John Cocks, Point Coupee, La.
* Joseph Coffman
* Levi and Solomon Cohen, Atlanta, Ga.
* Edward Collier
* Lewis A. Collier, Richmond, Va. and Natchez, Miss.
* Conel, Virginia
* James Cook, Paris, Tennessee, and Mississippi
* J. Cooper, Natchez-under-the-Hill, Miss.
* Richard Cooper
* Cotton & Wakefield
* John Couper, Virginia
* William Cox, Charleston, S.C. and Aberdeen, Miss.
* Elihu Creswell, New Orleans
* William Crosby, Alabama
* William Crow, Charles Town, Va.
* Seraphin Cuculla, New Orleans
* Clark Cummings, Clarksville, Tenn.
* Cunnigan, Mecklenburg, Va.
* John M. Cureton, South Carolina
* David Currie, Richmond

## D–F

* John P. Darg, New Orleans
* Davis, Petersburg, Va.
* Ansley Davis, Petersburg, Va.
* Ben Davis, Virginia
* Benjamin Davis, Petersburg, Va. and Hamburg, S.C.
* Bob Davis, Richmond
* George Davis, New Orleans
* Hector Davis, Richmond
* James Davis, North Carolina (?)
* John B. Davis, Richmond
* Mark Davis and Benjamin Davis, Richmond and New Orleans
* R. H. Davis, Virginia
* Solomon Davis, Richmond
* W. C. Davis, Louisville, Ky.
* Davis, Deupree & Co., Richmond
* Samuel J. Dawson, Natchez, Washington, D.C. and Alabama
* William C. Dawson, Savannah
* Anderson Delap, Nelson Delap, and Norman Delap, Memphis
* Denton and Thornton, Richmond
* Charles de Gaalon
* William Deupree, Richmond
* Louis D. DeSaussure, Charleston
* Tom Dickens, Tennessee
* Edd. Dickerson
* Dickson, New Orleans and Mississippi
* Dickinson & Hill, Virginia
* Charles Dickinson, Maryland, Tennessee, and Louisiana
* C. W. Diggs
* James B. Diggs
* Samuel Dillard, Finncastle, Va.
* Dix, Virginia
* James Dowell, Virginia
* Downing & Hughes, Kentucky
* Droue, North Carolina
* Dryer
* James Dunahow
* William Dunbar, Mississippi
* Dupree
* Frank Eallem, Tennessee
* Eaton, New Orleans
* Benjamin C. Eaton
* Simeon G. Eddins and brothers, Fayetteville, Tenn.
* Alexander N. Edmonds, Memphis
* R. H. Elam, New Orleans and Forks of the Road, Natchez, Miss.
* Jim Elerson, Missouri and Arkansas
* Ellis, Louisiana
* John Ellis, Fredericksburg, Va.
* W. Ellis, South Carolina
* English, North Carolina and Mississippi
* Joseph Ennells, Pennsylvania
* Erskine, Richmond (and Mississippi?)
* Joseph Erwin, John Erwin, Abraham Wright, and Billings, and Joseph Thompson, possibly Samuel Spraggins, Tennessee and Louisiana
* Ben Farley, New Orleans
* R. C. Faulkner, Mississippi
* Dick Featherson, Tennessee and Mississippi
* Elias Ferguson, North Carolina
* William Ferrill, Virginia and Mobile, Ala.
* James L. Ficklin, Charleston, Va.
* Obadiah Fields, North Carolina
* Hugh Fisher, Louisiana
* David Fitzpatrick, Vicksburg, Miss.
* John D. Fondren, Mississippi
* Samuel R. Fondren, Richmond
* Ford, Kentucky, Mississippi, and New Orleans
* Nathan Bedford Forrest, John N. Forrest, Aaron H. Forrest, William H. Forrest, Jesse A. Forrest, and Jeffrey E. Forrest, Memphis, and Grenada and Vicksburg, Miss.
* H. Forsyth, Statesville, N.C.
* John W. Forward
* Thomas Foster, New Orleans
* Isaac Franklin, New Orleans
* James Rawlings Franklin
* E. Frazer & Co., Port Gibson, Miss.
* Captain Frazier
* John Freeman, New Orleans
* Theophilus Freeman, New Orleans
* Thomas J. Frisby, New Orleans

## G

* Thomas Norman Gadsden, Charleston
* Mr. Gaines (or Gains or Goins)
* Galbert, Texas
* Samuel Galloway III, Maryland
* Jose Gamden, Texas and Tennessee
* James Gardner
* Lewis Garland, North Carolina
* Garret, North Carolina
* Matthew Garrison, Louisville, Ky.
* J. C. Gentry, Louisville, Ky.
* Gibson & Broadfoot, Charleston
* John M. Gilchrist, Charleston
* John Gildersleeves, New Bern, N.C.
* William Gillesbey, North Carolina and Mississippi
* Alexander Gilliam, Richmond
* C. E. Girardey & Co., New Orleans
* James Gladiss, North Carolina
* Tyre Glen, North Carolina (?)
* William Glover, Elizabeth City, North Carolina
* Thomas Golden, Fairfax, Va.
* Robert Golikely, Richmond and Mississippi
* Goodbar, Tennessee and Montgomery, Ala.
* Goodman, Mississippi
* Gordan or Gordon, Maryland and Mississippi
* Thomas Goude
* Grady & Tate, Richmond, Va.
* James Grant, New Orleans
* Hinton Graves, Georgia
* William Green
* Griffin & Pullum, Natchez, Miss., principals Pierce Griffin, W. A. Pullum, A. Blackwell, F. G. Murphy
* William H. Griggs, Virginia
* Lewis K. Grigsby, Natchez, Miss.
* Spot Grigsbry, Virginia
* Andrew Grimm
* W. H. Gwin, St. Louis and Virginia

## H

* Haden, Washington, D.C.
* Haden, Leon Co., Texas
* Alla Bam Bill Haden, North Carolina, Alabama, and Texas
* John Hagan and family, South Carolina and New Orleans
* Hagar, Richmond
* Henry C. Halcomb, Atlanta, Ga.
* O. R. Haley, Mississippi
* Mr. Hall, Norfolk, Va. and Mississippi
* William W. Hall, Norfolk, Va.
* Thomas Hanly, Halifax Co., Va.
* Benjamin Hansford, Natchez
* Giles Harding, Natchez
* Jonathan Harding, Sumner Co., Tennessee, and Natchez
* James B. Hargrove, E. P. Aistrop, & N. A. Mitchell, Lynchburg, Va.
* G. C. Harness, Potomac River and Natchez
* William L. Harper, Virginia and Jefferson County, Miss.
* Harris, Virginia
* Benjamin J. Harris, Richmond, Va.
* John Harris, Kentucky and possibly kidnapping in Richmond, Indiana
* John F. Harris, Natchez
* Harrison, Washington County, Ky.$^{:110}$
* Hartzell and Douglass, Virginia, and Mobile, Ala.
* Hatch, Baton Rouge (?), Louisiana
* C. F. Hatcher, New Orleans
* J. T. Hatcher, New Orleans$^{:49}$
* E. S. Hawkins, Nashville
* John Hawkins, Virginia & Robert Hawkins, Mississippi
* Robert C. Hawkins, Natchez
* William Hawkins
* Henry H. Haynes, Nashville
* James Hearn, South Carolina and Louisiana
* W. H. Henderson, Atlanta, Ga.
* William Henderson, Mobile, Ala.
* Bob Henry, North Carolina
* Henson, South Carolina and Georgia
* Ned Herndon, Mississippi
* Peter Herndon, Monroe Co., Miss.
* Herring, Vicksburg, Miss.
* Heway, North Carolina and Alabama
* Hewlett & Bright, New Orleans
* James Hibler, South Carolina and Alabama
* Peter Hickman, near Jonesboro, Tenn.
* Joseph Hicks
* Byrd Hill, Memphis & William C. Hill, Memphis
* Charles Hill, Richmond
* Nathaniel Boush Hill and Charles B. Hill, Richmond
* Hill & Powell, Memphis
* G. H. Hitchings, Nashville
* Samuel N. Hite, New Orleans
* Hockens, Missouri (?)
* Edward Home, Alexandria, Va.
* Alex. Hopkin, North Carolina and Georgia
* Judge Houston, Hopkinsville, Ky.
* Pleas Howard, Virginia
* Joe Hudson, Virginia and Alabama
* James Huie, South Carolina and New Orleans
* James Huie & Robert Huie
* James Huie and Josiah Huie, Rowan County, North Carolina
* Bob Huay, North Carolina
* J. Hull
* John W. Hundley, Natchez, Miss.
* Thomas Hundley, Halifax Co. Va. and New Orleans
* Hunnicut, Virginia
* Tillman (or Tilmon, Tilman, Tilghman) Hunt, North Carolina
* William Hunt
* Alex. Hunter, Natchez
* Billy Hunter, Virginia and South Carolina
* John Hunter, Louisville
* Peter Hunter, near Lynchburg, Va.
* Pleasant Hunter, Natchez, Miss.
* Samuel Hunter, Maryland and Guilford Co., N.C.
* Foster Hurst, New Orleans

## I–J

* C. S. Irvine, Greenville District, S.C.
* O. B. Irvine, Greenville District, S.C.
* Robert Irwin, Natchez
* Barnabas Ivy, Duplin Co., N.C.
* Jackson, Alabama
* Andrew Jackson, Bruinsburg, Natchez District, Spanish West Florida (later Mississippi Territory), and John Hutchings
* John D. James, Thomas G. James, and David D. James, Nashville, Richmond, Va. and Natchez, Miss.
* Sam Jenkins, Prince Edward Co., Virginia
* William Jenkins, Nashville
* Thomas J. Jennings & Co., Hamburg, S.C.
* James Jervey, Charleston
* Johnson & Apperson
* Richard Johnson & Jesse Meek, Tennessee and Forks of the Road
* Sherman Johnson, New Orleans
* Theodore Johnston, New Orleans
* Leroy Jones, Alexandria, Va.
* S. S. Jones, De Soto, Miss.
* Jones & Robinson, Georgia
* Jones & Slater, Richmond, Va.

## K–L

* George T. Kausler, New Orleans
* Isreal Keels, King Street [Kingstree?], S.C. and Mississippi
* William H. Kelly, Louisville, Ky.
* James Kelly, Kentucky
* James Kemp
* Benjamin Kendig, New Orleans
* Bernard Kendig, New Orleans
* Edward J. Kendrick
* Henry Kennedy, New Orleans
* Duncan F. Kenner, New Orleans
* George Kephart, Maryland, Virginia, District of Columbia
* Simon Kern, Richmond
* Jesse Kirby and John Kirby, Virginia and Georgia
* Moses Kirkpatrick, New Orleans
* William P. Lacey, Natchez
* Charles Lamarque, New Orleans
* John Lane, Virginia and South Carolina
* Major Lane, New Orleans
* Tedence Lane, Mississippi
* Larken Lynch, North Carolina and Virginia
* Henry Laurens, Charleston, S.C.
* Bert (or Bird) Leatherwood, Richmond and Mississippi
* N. M. Lee, Virginia
* Laferriere Levesque
* Mr. Leake, Virginia
* J. & L. T. Levin, Columbia, S.C.
* Lillard & Slaughter, Mississippi
* A. Lilly, New Orleans
* Benjamin Little, Montgomery Little, Chauncey Little & William Little, Memphis and Shelbyville, Tenn.
* L. Linder, New Orleans
* Livingston, Hanna & Co., Vicksburg, Miss.
* William Locket, New Orleans
* E. Loftin, New Orleans
* B. F. Logan, Caddo, La.
* Charles Logan
* Henry Long, Person Co., N. C.
* J. and D. Long, Natchez
* R. W. Long, New Orleans
* R. W. Long & Mull
* John Lumpkins, Virginia
* Robert Lumpkin, Richmond
* Lumpkin & Jones
* Lumpkin & Locket
* Lundy, Rives & Rives, Natchez
* Robert J. Lyles & George W. Hitching, Nashville and Sumner Co., Tenn.

## M, Mc

* Macklevane, South Carolina
* Maddock, Tennessee
* Maffitt, Mississippi
* John D. Mallory, Virginia and eastern Mississippi
* Josiah Maples, Memphis
* Silas Marshall & Bro., Lexington, Ky.
* John Martin
* W. B. Martin, New Orleans
* Masi & Bourk, New Orleans
* John Mason, Natchez, Miss.
* Matlock, Texas
* Mathews, New Orleans
* James G. Mathews, Louisville, Ky.
* Thomas E. Matthews, New Orleans
* Matthews, Branton & Co., Natchez, Miss.
* John Mattingly, Louisville, Ky. and St. Louis, Mo.
* Jean Baptiste Moussier, Richmond and New Orleans
* Mayer, Jacobe, & Co., Atlanta
* J. A. McArthur, Clinton, N.C.
* Michael McBride
* Thomas McCargo
* McCerran, Landry & Co., New Orleans
* McClaine, Virginia
* Mr. McClinton, Richmond
* Spruce McCurry, Jerry Addison, and Add March, Davidson Co., N.C. and Memphis
* David McDaniel, Virginia and Macon, Ga.
* H. J. McDaniel, Winchester, Va.
* McDonald, Virginia and Georgia
* Alexander McDonald and Hugh McDonald, Charleston
* Elijah McDowell, Charles Town, Va. and Winchester, Va.
* William McGee
* John M. McGehee & Thomas McGehee
* McLanahan and Bogart, New Orleans (principals: James McLanahan and Wilhelmus Bogart)
* A. A. McLean, Nashville
* J. B. McLendon, Lynchburg, Va.
* John McKane, North Carolina and Alabama
* D. McKay, North Carolina
* McKeller, Virginia or North Carolina?
* James McMillin, Kentucky
* N. A. McNairy, Nashville and Natchez
* Joseph Meek, Nashville
* Mellon, Alexandria, Va.
* R. H. Melton, Richmond and Louisiana
* C. A. & I. S. Merrill, Mississippi
* L. D. Merrimon, also Merrimon & Clinkscales, Greenwood, S.C.
* William H. Merritt, New Orleans
* D. Middleton, New Orleans
* Ladson Mills, North Carolina and Mississippi
* Miller and Sutler
* John Miller, Kentucky and Mississippi
* R. B. Miller, Hinds Co., Miss.
* Louis Miller & Co., Natchez, Miss.
* James S. Moffett, Troy, Tenn.
* Soloman Moffitt, Port Gibson, Miss.
* Henry Millier & Co., New Orleans
* John S. Montmollin, Savannah
* Benjamin Mordecai
* Henry E. Moore, Plaquemine, Louisiana
* James Moore, Virginia and Alabama
* Peter Moore, Virginia
* William Moore, Carolinas
* Moore & Dawson, Richmond
* James T. Morris, Wilmington, N.C.
* Arthur Mosely, Virginia and Mississippi
* J. F. Moses, Lumpkin, Ga.
* Dick Mulhundro, Virginia and Georgia
* Mullinnac

## N–O

* Thomas Napier, Macon, Ga.
* Mr. Nash, Caswell or Rockingham County, N.C.
* William Nedlock, Virginia
* Nelson, Hertford Co., N.C.
* Alexander Nelson, Guilford County, N.C.
* Nelson & Cobb, South Carolina
* Isaac Neville, Memphis
* Julian Neville, New Orleans
* James Nichols, Halifax County, Va.
* Jack Nickols, Georgia and Alabama
* George Nickson, Virginia
* George Nixon, Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama
* G. H. Noel, Macon, Ga.
* George N. Noel, Memphis
* James G. Noel, Macon, Ga.
* Joe Norris, Georgia (?)
* Nowland, Virginia and Georgia
* Nutwell
* Ziba B. Oakes, Charleston
* William Oldham, Natchez
* A. C. Omohundro & Co., Mississippi
* Silas Omohundro, Richmond
* A. J. Orr and D. W. Orr, Macon, Ga.
* Thomas Otey
* Overly & Saunders, Petersburg, Va.
* Thomas Overton, Maryland (?) and Louisiana (?)
* Owens, Natchez
* Abraham Owens, Halifax County, Va.
* Owings & Charles, New Orleans

## P

* Page, New Bern, N.C. and New Orleans
* Tom Pankey
* John Parks
* Benjamin Parks
* Parker, Vicksburg, Miss.
* Edward A. Parker, Macon, Ga.
* James Parker, Dinwiddie County, Va.
* P. Pascal, Natchez
* Paul Pascal
* Patton & Mossy, New Orleans
* Peck, Washington County, Ky.
* J. C. Peixotto, New Orleans
* Archibald Perkins, Virginia
* Everett Peterson, Clinton, N.C.
* Peterson, Natchez
* Henry F. Peterson, New Orleans
* John Parker Pettiway, New Orleans
* R. A. Peuyeur, Natchez
* Peyton, Mason & Co., Mississippi
* Isaac Phillips
* John P. Phillips, Natchez
* W. R. Phillips, Macon, Ga.
* G. B. Philippe
* George I. Pitts, Columbus, Ga.
* Joe Poindexter, North Carolina
* John J. Poindexter, New Orleans
* Thomas B. Poindexter, New Orleans and Mississippi
* Capt. Poll, Talbott County, Md. and North Carolina
* Ponder, Richmond, Va., Florida, and Alabama
* Ephraim G. Ponder, Thomasville, Ga.
* Annie Poore, Georgia
* P. J. Porcher & Baya, Charleston (Philip Johnston Porcher & Hanero T. Baya)
* A. S. C. Powell, Clinton, N.C.
* Benjamin Ward Powell, Natchez, Miss., Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
* Luke Powell, Clinton, N.C.
* Thomas A. Powell, Louisville, Ky. and Montgomery, Ala. and St. Louis, and New Orleans, and Mississippi
* John B. Prentis, Virginia
* Price, Birch & Co., Alexandria, Va., principals J. C. Cook, Charles M. Price, George Kephart, William H. Birch
* William Price, Cumberland County, Virginia, and Mississippi
* Pryor
* William A. Pullum, Lexington, Ky.
* D. M. Pullium, Richmond, Va.
* Pullium & Co., Virginia
* Alexander Puryear
* R. C. Puryear
* Alexander Putney, North Carolina and Mississippi

## R

* Reuben Ragland, Petersburg, Va.
* John Rainey, Richmond, Va. and Louisiana
* John Rath, Smith Co., Tenn.
* Bernard Raux, Virginia
* Dr. Ray, Tennessee (?) and Mississippi
* R. D. P. Read, Lynchburg, Va.
* Redford and Kelly, Kentucky
* Redman, Mississippi and Tennessee
* Redman, Noxubee County, Mississippi
* Thomas Redman
* John Reed, Tennessee and Mississippi
* Renshaw and Brady, Preston Co., Va.
* Reynolds, Louisville, Ky.
* Reynolds, Byrne, & Co., New Orleans
* Jesse Rice, Virginia
* Zachariah A. Rice, Atlanta, Ga.
* Charles Richards, Henry Co., Tenn.
* John S. Riggs, Charleston
* Thomas Ringgold IV, Chestertown, Maryland
* Alfred O. Robards, Kentucky
* Lewis C. Robards, Lexington, Ky.
* Robe & Anderson, Alabama
* Roberson, Maryland and South Carolina
* Roberson and Garrett, Richmond, Va. and Mississippi
* George Robertson and John Robertson, Virginia and New Orleans
* John Robertson, Mississippi and either New Orleans or Mobile
* Robinson, South Carolina and Georgia
* John Robinson, Georgia
* William Rochel, Virginia and Natchez
* Col. Allen Rogers, Wake, N.C.
* Noah Rollins
* Richard Rolton
* Billy Ross, Virginia
* David Ross, Louisville, Ky.
* Rowan & Harris, Mississippi
* George Rust Jr.
* C. M. Rutherford, New Orleans
* E. M. Rutherford
* Thomas Ryan, Charleston

## S

* A. J. Salinas, Charleston
* Bob Sanders, Virginia and New Orleans
* Sanders & Foster
* Thomas Sanders, Washington County, Virginia, and Mississippi
* Jourdan M. Saunders, Warrenton, Va.
* A. C. Scott, Louisville, Ky.
* David Scott
* A. K. Seago, Atlanta, Ga.
* John R. Sedgwick, North Carolina
* John Seymour, North Carolina and Georgia
* J. M. E. Sharp, Columbia, S.C.
* J. M. F. Sharp, New Orleans
* J. W. Sharp, New Orleans
* Lewis N. Shelton
* Shivers, of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia
* Lee Shoot, Nashville
* E. H. Simmons, Virginia and Georgia
* William Simpson, North Carolina
* R. W. Sinclair, Kentucky
* Henry F. Slatter, Baltimore and New Orleans
* Shadrack F. Slatter, New Orleans
* Robert Slaughter, Natchez, Miss.
* B. D. Smith, Atlanta, Ga.
* Benjamin Smith, Charleston, S.C.
* Gardner Smith & Co., New Orleans
* John B. Smith, New Orleans
* John W. Smith, Washington, D.C.
* Thomas Jefferson Smith
* William David Smith, South Carolina
* Smithers, Virginia
* Solomon, South Carolina
* David J. Southerland, Wilmington, N.C.
* Samuel Spears
* John Springs III, York District, S.C.
* William Stansberry, Kentucky and Mississippi
* John Staples, Memphis
* L. R. Starkes
* Charles T. Stevens, Clinton, N.C.
* John Stickney, Louisville, Ky.
* E. H. Stokes, Virginia
* Mr. Stokes, North Carolina and Mississippi
* Edward Stone and Howard Stone, Bourbon County, Ky.
* Samuel Stone, Danville, Va.
* George Stovall, New Orleans
* Pleasant Stovall, Augusta, Ga.
* G. F. Stubbs, Macon, Ga.
* A. A. Suarez
* Sutler

## T–V

* John and Philip E. Tabb, Norfolk, Va.
* Bacon Tait, Virginia
* Tait & Garland, Virginia and Mississippi
* Talbot, New Orleans
* William F. Talbott, Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
* James Tarbe, New Orleans (?)
* Tannehill, New Orleans
* H. & J. W. Taylor, Clinton, La.
* Humphrey Taylor, Virginia and Huntsville, Ala.
* J. T. Taylor, New Orleans
* John Taylor, Tennessee and South Carolina
* H. N. Templeman
* Richard Terrell, Natchez and New Orleans
* Terry, Virginia
* Henry Teuker, Virginia and Georgia
* Harris Tharp
* Philip Thomas
* Sidney Thomas, Virginia
* Thompson, near Nashville, Tennessee
* Mr. Thompson, Baltimore and the lands of the Cherokee nation
* Joseph Thompson, Louisiana
* Thomson, Little Rock, Arkansas
* John Thornton, South Carolina and Dalton, Ga.
* Tiernan & Alexander, Natchez
* Tisdale, Nash Co., N.C.
* William Tisdale, North Carolina
* Todd
* John Toler
* Tomkins, North Carolina
* Clement Townsend
* Townshend & Lewis, Mississippi
* Thomas P. Trotter
* N. C. Trowbridge, Augusta, Ga. & Hamburg, S.C.
* Tom Tucker, Knoxville, Tenn.
* Thomas Tunno and John Price, Charleston
* Mr. Turner, Natchez
* Mr. Turner, Virginia
* Urley, Mississippi
* Allen Vance
* James Vanclevy, Charleston and Texas
* Vanhook, Tennessee
* Henry Vanhusen, Mississippi and Texas
* Vaughan, Virginia
* Norbert Vignié, New Orleans

## W–Y

* Wadkins, Virginia and Georgia
* Charles Waley, Potomac River and Natchez
* Mat Warner, Virginia and Georgia
* Walker, Virginia and North Carolina
* Walker, Virginia and Tuscumbia, Ala.
* Ben Walker
* Benjamin W. Walker, Jackson, Miss.
* Samuel Wakefield, Natchez
* A. Wallace, Memphis
* J. D. Ware, Memphis
* Morton Waring, Charleston
* Warwick, Nashville
* William Watkins, Atlanta, Ga.
* William T. Watkins
* Watley, Richmond and near Auburn, Ala.
* J. Watson, Louisville, Ky.
* Richard Watson, Louisville, Ky. and New Orleans
* Addison Weathers
* Webb, Merrill & Co., Nashville
* A. Weisemann, New Orleans
* Joseph A. Weatherly
* Thomas C. Weatherly, South Carolina
* Weatherly, Breden & Bagget, Yazoo City, Miss.
* Weatherby, Augusta, Ga.
* Wetherby, Pigsah, Miss.
* James Whidby
* Alonzo J. White, Charleston
* James White, New Orleans
* John White
* John R. White, St. Louis and New Orleans
* Maunsel White & Co., New Orleans
* Frank Whiterspoon, Missouri and Tennessee
* Joseph A. Whitaker, Rosehill, N.C.
* Whitaker & Turner, Atlanta, Ga.
* Whitfield, North Carolina
* Theodore A. Whitney, Charleston
* Moses J. Wicks, Aberdeen, Miss.
* Wilbur & Son, Charleston
* Wilkins, Virginia
* James P. Wilkinson
* David Williams and "Docr. flowers"
* Lewis E. Williams, Campbell Co., Va.
* Stokely Williams, Richmond
* Williams & Glover, Nashville
* Capt. Williamson, Virginia and Selma, Ala.
* Thomas Taylor Williamson, South Carolina and Louisiana
* James B. Williamson
* William Williamson
* J. M. Wilson, Baltimore and New Orleans
* Jerry Wilson, Tennessee
* William Winbush, Virginia
* Winfield, Mississippi
* Winston & Dixon, Georgia
* David Wise, New Orleans
* William Witherspoon, Memphis
* Joseph Woods
* Thomas Woods, North Carolina and Mississippi
* Seth Woodroof, Lynchburg, Va.
* John Woolfolk, Natchez, Miss.
* Joseph B. Woolfolk, Eastern Shore, Maryland, and Natchez
* Samuel Martin Woolfolk, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Natchez
* Woolfolk
* Woolfolks, Sanders & Overley (Richard Woolfolk, Robert Sanders, and Thomas W. Overley)
* George Wylly, Savannah
* Mr. Wythe
* Absolom Yancey
* Charles Yancey and Jackson Yancey, Norfolk, Va. and Oxford, N.C.
* Mr. Yeatman, Virginia
* Charles Young, New Orleans
* J. Winbush Young, Virginia