# Otto Pfister

Otto Martin Pfister (born 24 November 1937) is a German football manager and one of Germany's most successful coaching exports, voted Africa's Manager of the Year in 1992. He is formerly the manager of the Afghanistan national team.

## Coaching career

Pfister has been involved in association football for almost 60 years, he began his coaching career in Switzerland as player-coach in 1961 at the age of just 23. Pfister's early coaching experience was gained with FC Vaduz, FC St. Gallen, FC Nordstern Basel, FC Moutier and finally FC Chur 97. He has worked as head coach for 10 international football teams, eight from Africa and two from Asia. In June 1972, at the age of 34, Pfister retired from his playing days and left Switzerland for Africa, taking the reins as the head coach of Rwanda. Pfister would stay in Africa for 23 years until 1995 working as the head coach for five other African Nations. Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Senegal, Ivory Coast, Zaire (now DR Congo) and Ghana. Among his achievements include winning the JVC Fifa U17 Junior World Cup with Ghana in Ital In 1995, Pfister worked inside the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) as the head coach of Bangladesh National Team and also Saudi Arabia from 1997 - 1999. Pfister returned to club football over the following six years with Egyptian team Zamalek, Tunisian club CS Sfaxien, Lebanese club Nejmeh and Egyptian club Al-Masry. Pfister was selected as the head coach of Togo on 18 February 2006, after former coach Stephen Keshi was dismissed from the post despite having secured qualification for their first World Cup Finals. Pfister himself resigned shortly before the team's first match in the tournament, after his players went on strike against the federation over a pay dispute, but he was reappointed three days later after demands from the players. Pfister was appointed manager of Sudanese club Al-Merreikh on 8 September 2006 and would later leave this position on 26 October 2007. The following day Pfister would sign a contract as the head coach of Cameroon taking him through until 2010. As of 24 March 2011 Pfister was unveiled as head coach of Trinidad and Tobago. In February 2014, at the age of 76, he made a return to the head coach of Al-Merreikh, a team he had previously guided to the final of the 2007 CAF Confederation Cup.

### Burkina Faso

Between 1976 and 1978, Pfister changed the face of football in Burkina Faso. They were known as the Upper Volta national football team until 1984, when Upper Volta became Burkina Faso. The establishment in Burkina Faso welcomed the German coach and because of the natural interest in football, the Government's commitment and Pfister's ability, the Burkina Faso national team qualified for their first ever African Cup of Nations in 1978 in Ghana. It was the success with the Burkina team that opened the way for Pfister to traverse Africa, the Middle East, and Asia over the following years since his first landing in Africa.

### Ivory Coast

In 1982, Pfister became coach of the Ivory Coast national team. He repaid his new employers’ confidence in him by taking the country's youth team to the 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship in Mexico. They would not qualify to the quarter-finals, however, Pfister would win the U19 African Cup of Nations with Ivory Coast in 1983.

### Zaire

Pfister took over as head coach of Congo DR national football team (formerly the Zaire national football team) in 1985, where he would spend four years helping to restore the 1974 African champions to their former glories. Pfister was responsible for unleashing a new generation of ‘Leopards’, including Eugene Kabongo, Gaston Mobati, Panguy Merikani and Mutumbile Santos, all of whom took part in the African Cup of Nations 1988.

### Ghana

Pfister led Ghana to a famous win in the 1991 FIFA U-17 World Championship. The Championship was held in the cities of Florence, Montecatini Terme, Viareggio, Massa, Carrara, and Livorno in Italy between 16 and 31 August 1991. Ghana finished second to Spain in their group and progressed to the Quarter-finals where they beat Brazil 2–1 with goals from Mohammed Gargo and Nii Lamptey. After a 0–0 draw with Qatar in the Semi-finals, Ghana won 4–2 in a penalty shoot-out, lining up a final against Spain. On 31 August 1991, Ghana beat Spain 1–0 in the World Cup final in Florence, Ghana's first title.
The Ghana national team qualified for the 1992 African Cup of Nations after finishing top of their qualifying group. Ghana qualified to the Quarter-finals after two 1–0 victories over Egypt and Zambia in the first round of the final tournament. Ghana beat Congo to take them through to the Semi-finals where they beat Nigeria, 2–1. On 26 January 1992 in Senegal, Ghana played Ivory Coast in the final of the African Cup of Nations. After extra time the final score was 0–0 and the game entered penalties. After a marathon penalty shootout, Ivory Coast finally won 11–10 on penalties. The penalty shootout was significant in that it was the first in the final of a major international tournament that every player on the pitch took a penalty.
During Pfister's time with Ghana, he was observed numerous times not wearing a belt, and thus consequently, he wore his trousers very low. This gave rise to the term "Otto Pfister" within Ghanaian popular slang culture. "Otto Pfister" in this regard has come to mean someone sagging their trousers in Ghanaian youth fashion.

### Saudi Arabia

Pfister became the head coach of Saudi Arabia in 1997 after previously working in the AFC from 1995 to 1997 with Bangladesh. In 1997, Pfister successfully guided Saudi Arabia to the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France but was crudely released just before the tournament because he requested the Saudi Princes to interfere less in team affairs. After Saudi Arabia lost their opening two games and failed to progress, Carlos Alberto Parreira was fired and Pfister was reinstated as head coach on completion of the tournament. As World Cup Qualifiers, Saudi Arabia automatically qualified for the 1998 Arab Nations Cup. With the help of an impressive 8 goals in 4 games from Obeid Al-Dosari, Saudi Arabia were crowned champions after beating Qatar 3–1 in the final. Despite being the only team not to lose a game, Saudi Arabia also finished as runners-up in the 14th Arabian Gulf Cup in Bahrain.

### Zamalek

Pfister was highly successful during his time at Zamalek SC. During his time as head coach (1999–2002) Pfister won an impressive five trophies. On 10 December 2000, Zamalek recorded a convincing 4–3 aggregate score in the second-leg final against Canon Yaoundé in the African Cup Winners' Cup (now the Confederations Cup). The first time for the Egyptian team. Pfister led Zamalek for their worst defeat against rivals Al Ahly 6–1 on 16 May 2002, Zamalek also reached the final of the CAF Super Cup, losing 2–0 to Accra Hearts of Oak SC.

### Nejmeh

Pfister was appointed as Manager of Nejmeh SC in the Lebanon for the 2004–05 season. After 19 games, Nejmeh were joint top of the 2004–05 Lebanese Premier League with Al-Ansar Club. Both teams needed to win the final match, which incidentally was against each other. The final result was 2–2 and Pfister's Nejmeh were crowned champions as they had a highly superior goal difference. Pfister secured qualification to the 2005 AFC Cup for Nejmeh (which they would eventually finish as runners-up). Pfister also won the Lebanese Super Cup and Lebanese Elite Cup with Nejmeh during the 2004–05 season.

### Togo

Pfister was selected to lead the Togo national team three months before World Cup 2006 after Stephen Keshi was sacked. Prior to the World Cup, players went on strike because of unpaid bonuses. Faced with the rebellion over bonuses, Pfister walked out, saying he could take no more. Pfister was reinstated three days later after demands from players and FTF staff.
Sports commentators such as Ed Kavalee ensured that this dispute was resolved with a high level of transparency, with countries as far away as Australia receiving constant Pfister updates.
Togo lost their opening game of the World Cup, despite having taken the lead against South Korea through a goal by Mohamed Kader. In the second half, Jean-Paul Abalo was sent off after 55 minutes, and goals from Lee Chun-Soo and Ahn Jung-Hwan sealed a 2–1 defeat for Togo. Togo's next opponents in Group G were Switzerland, with the match scheduled for the afternoon of 19 June. However, the Togo squad threatened to refuse to fulfil the fixture and take strike action against unpaid bonuses. FIFA negotiated with the squad on 17 June, persuading them to travel to Dortmund in time to fulfil the fixture; goals from Alexander Frei and Tranquillo Barnetta resulted in a 2–0 defeat. Togo's final group game against France ended in 2–0 defeat.

### Cameroon

On 27 October 2007, Pfister was appointed the manager of Cameroon, succeeding 80 other candidates. He coached Cameroon in the 2008 African Cup of Nations, held in Ghana. Two second half goals from Samuel Eto'o were not enough to win their opening game which finished 4–2 to Egypt. Cameroon picked themselves up four days later and beat Zambia convincingly 5–1. In their final group game Eto'o again scored twice as Les Lions Indomptables won 3–0. After finishing second to Egypt in the group stages, Cameroon progressed to the Quarter-finals where, after a close encounter, they beat Tunisia 3–2. Stéphane Mbia scored early in extra time to take the Indomptable Lions through to the Semi-finals. Alain N'Kong scored a 72nd-minute winner for Cameroon in a 1–0 win over Ghana in the Semi-finals, taking Cameroon to their sixth final of the African Cup of Nations. On 10 February 2008, Cameroon took on defending champions Egypt in the Final in Accra. Egypt scored a 77th-minute goal through Mohamed Aboutrika which would be enough to win the match and be crowned the champions of the 2008 African Cup of Nations. Eto'o was the tournaments highest scorer with five goals. Pfister stepped down from his role on 26 May 2009.

### USM Alger

In January 2015, Pfister was linked with Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 club USM Alger, and signed a contract with the club shortly after. On 18 May Pfister was sacked as coach of USM Alger.

## Personal life

Pfister gained his coaching certificates in Magglingen in the 1960s, and later studied further in Cologne. Pfister is a UEFA Pro License holder, has a Bundesliga license for professional football coaching and is an Instructor for FIFA and German Football Association professional football coaching courses.
In 2001, Pfister was awarded the Order of Merit of the Confederation of African Football as well as a German Football Federation Honors Award.
In Ghana the slang "Rules with an Iron-Pfister" is often used to refer to his coaching style.
During his time in Ghana, Pfister's fame transcended football. His unconventional style of wearing his trousers on the hip, rather than the waist, has become a fashion trend among the youth.
Commenting that Tony Yeboah's birthday can not be determined exactly, Ghana's then-manager Otto Pfister said: There's only one way to find out: saw his leg off and count the rings!

## Honours

Cameroon
* Africa Cup of Nations runner-up: 2008
Al Merrikh
* Sudan Cup: 2007
* CAF Confederation Cup runner-up: 2007
Nejmeh
* Lebanese Premier League: 2004–05
* Lebanese Elite Cup: 2004
* Lebanese Super Cup: 2004
CS Sfaxien
* Tunisian Coupe de la Ligue Professionnelle: 2002–03
Zamalek
* Egyptian Premier League: 2001–02
* Egypt Cup: 2001–02
* Egyptian Super Cup: 2001
* African Cup Winners' Cup: 2000
* CAF Super Cup runner-up: 2001
Saudi Arabia
* Arab Cup: 1998
Bangladesh
* Burma Tournament: 1995
Ghana
* Africa Cup of Nations runner-up: 1992
* FIFA U-17 World Championship: 1991
Ivory Coast
* U-19 Africa Cup of Nations: 1983
Individual
* Africa's Manager of the Year: 1992

## Managerial statistics

    As of 1 July 2018
| Nat | Team | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Nat | Team | From | To | P | W | D | L | Win % |
| | FC Vaduz | 1961 | 1963 | 50 | 24 | 8 | 18 | 48.00 |
| | FC St. Gallen | 1963 | 1966 | 86 | 44 | 16 | 26 | 51.16 |
| | FC Nordstern Basel | 1966 | 1968 | 55 | 17 | 15 | 23 | 30.91 |
| | FC Moutier | 1968 | 1969 | 25 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 24.00 |
| | FC Chur 97 | 1969 | 1972 | 59 | 28 | 9 | 22 | 47.46 |
| | Rwanda | 1972 | 1976 | | | | | — |
| | Upper Volta | 1976 | 1978 | | | | | — |
| | Senegal | 1979 | 1982 | 34 | 18 | 7 | 9 | 52.94 |
| | Ivory Coast | 1982 | 1985 | 30 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 50.00 |
| | Zaire | 1985 | 1989 | | | | | c |
| | Ghana | 1992 | 1993 | | | | | — |
| | Bangladesh | 1995 | 1997 | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 33.33 |
| | Saudi Arabia | 1997 | 1998 | 31 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 51.61 |
| | Saudi Arabia | 1998 | 1999 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 78.57 |
| | Al-Zamalek | 1999 | 2002 | 53 | 42 | 6 | 5 | 079.25 |
| | CS Sfaxien | 2002 | 2004 | 30 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 040.00 |
| | Nejmeh SC | 2004 | 2005 | 26 | 20 | 4 | 2 | 076.92 |
| | El-Masry | 2005 | 2005 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 025.00 |
| | Togo | 2006 | 2006 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 020.00 |
| | Al-Merrikh | 2006 | 2007 | 27 | 17 | 5 | 5 | 062.96 |
| | Cameroon | 2007 | 2009 | 15 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 066.67 |
| | Trinidad and Tobago | 2011 | 2012 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 071.43 |
| | Al-Merrikh | 2014 | 2014 | 15 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 66.67 |
| | USM Alger | 2015 | 2015 | 13 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 23.08 |
| | Afghanistan | 2017 | 2018 | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 33.33 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 599 | 302 | 128 | 169 | 50.42 |