# Buhi, Camarines Sur

Buhi, officially the Municipality of Buhi (Buhinon: Banwaan nya Buhi; Rinconada Bikol: Banwāan ka Buhi; Tagalog: Bayan ng Buhi), is a municipality in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 81,306 people.
According to the Guinness Book of World Records, Lake Buhi is home to the world's smallest edible fish locally known as "Sinarapan".
Buhi is not just known for Lake Buhi but it is likewise the home to the world's smallest commercial fish locally known as the sinarapan (Mystychtis luzonensis).

## History

The town known today as Buhi began as a small settlement by refugees fleeing the outrage of Mayon Volcano hundreds of years ago. These people founded a permanent settlement in an area close to the lake and flourished as time passed.
The general exodus of people fleeing and being able to escape grave calamities such as Mayon's eruption was known in local vernacular as "naka-buhi". Local lore takes this as the most probable explanation as to how the town acquired its present name – Buhi. One version of local legend attributes the town being accorded the name to the time when the first Spaniards came and asked local settlers the name of the area. The local settlers misunderstood the question as how they came to be there and so gave the response "Naka-Buhi".
There were two patron saints with whom the town directed their devotion. The first was St. Francis of Assisi placed in the church made of wooden materials. Unfortunately, in 1730 the church was razed down by fire. It was, however, replaced by a stone structure built under the supervision of Rev. Fray Jose de Cerda. Another saint was installed, St. Anthony of Padua.
The present Buhi Church was completed in 1884. The roof was destroyed by fire and fully repaired in 1890.
On December 28, 1995, 13 people of Sitio Bogtong, Barangay Gabas were killed, three of whom were beheaded, by four gunmen inside a house, with survivors numbering at least seven. The massacre arose due to disputes over a 24-hectare farm land previously owned by the assassinated Cristito Nieva Jr. and his wife Ester; two of the victims, Estelito Campo and Alex Gaite, were petitioners in an agrarian case that had the Nieva couple as respondents. A witness pointed to brothers Toto and Rogelio "Crisboy" Clyde and two of their relatives as being the perpetrators of the crime.

## Geography

Buhi is located in the south-eastern part of the province of Camarines Sur. It is bound on the east by Mount Malinao, on the west by Mount Asog and Iriga City, on the north by Sagñay-Buhi mountain ranges and on the south by the low-lying ranges of Polangui, Albay, with the following coordinates: 13 degrees 25’ 32.4" north latitude and 123 degrees 30’ 49.1" east longitude. It is 75 kilometres (47 mi) north-east of Legazpi City and 53 kilometres (33 mi) and south of Naga City.
The municipality has been divided into five sectors, namely:
* The Poblacion
* The Lake/Mt. Asog sector
* the Road/cross road sector
* The Mountain sector
* The Malangkaw Sector

### Barangays

Buhi is politically subdivided into 38 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
* Amlongan (del Rosario)
* Antipolo
* Burocbusoc
* Cabatuan
* Cagmaslog
* Dela Fe
* Delos Angeles
* Divino Rostro
* Gabas
* Ibayugan
* Igbac
* Ipil
* Iraya
* Labawon
* Lourdes-Hinulid-tubog
* Macaangay
* Monte Calvario
* Namurabod
* Sagrada-Pito
* Salvacion
* San Antonio
* San Buenaventura
* San Francisco Parada
* San Isidro
* San Jose Baybayon
* San Jose Salay
* San Pascual
* San Pedro
* San Rafael
* San Ramon
* San Roque
* San Vicente
* Santa Clara
* Santa Cruz
* Santa Elena
* Santa Isabel
* Santa Justina
* Santa Lourdes
* Tambo

### Topography

Buhi has generally mountainous and hilly surface, with 50% of its area having a slope of around 25%. The Poblacion located on the south shore of Lake Buhi, has gently rolling topography.
Mt. Malinao and Mt. Asog dominate the town's surface terrain whose highest elevations are 1,548 metres (5,079 ft) and 1,196 metres (3,924 ft) above main sea level respectively.
Itbog Falls located in Barangay Santa Cruz, on the south-eastern side of Lake Buhi, is a 60 feet (18 m) twin waterfalls. It could be reached by means of a motorized boat ride from the town proper, then a 30-minute trek.

### Climate

Climate data for Buhi, Camarines Sur :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 33 (91) | 35 (95) | 36 (97) | 35 (95) | 34 (93) | 32 (90) | 34 (93) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 33 (91) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 26 (79) | 26 (79) | 28 (82) | 30 (86) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 28 (83) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 64.54 (2.54) | 102.68 (4.04) | 57.93 (2.28) | 85.33 (3.36) | 202.28 (7.96) | 290.93 (11.45) | 389.95 (15.35) | 298.3 (11.74) | 311.59 (12.27) | 437.08 (17.21) | 132.1 (5.20) | 373.8 (14.72) | 2,746.51 (108.12) |
| Average rainy days | 22 | 26 | 18 | 19 | 24 | 30 | 31 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 314 |
| Source: World Weather Online ||||||||||||||
Buhi has a warm, humid climate. During the warmest months from March to June, temperatures reach 29.2 °C (84.6 °F). The weather cools off during the rainy season which last from August to February with an average temperature of 24.7 °C (76.5 °F).

### Land use

A total area of 24,665 hectares (60,950 acres) is occupied by the municipality, about 13,000 hectares of which are part of the watershed in Rinconada. 18,378 hectares (45,410 acres) of its land area are within the watershed declared as protected area by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 573 and Executive Order no. 224. All other areas are cultivated for agriculture, quarry and human settlement. Higher slopes east and north of Lake Buhi are predominantly forests and secondary brushland. Total area utilized as built-up areas is 448 hectares (1,110 acres).
Farmlands make up about 7,500 hectares (19,000 acres) of which about 2,375 hectares (5,870 acres) have access to irrigation, while 600 hectares (1,500 acres) are non-irrigated. About 2,811 hectares (6,950 acres) are open water spaces of Lake Buhi, and other lakes and streams.

## Demographics

In the 2020 census, the population of Buhi, Camarines Sur, was 81,306 people, with a density of 330 inhabitants per square kilometre or 850 inhabitants per square mile.
The total population was 70,756 in 2007, with a growth rate of about 2.1%. The total number of households was 13,238 and with an average household size of 5 persons. At the 2010 census, the population has increased to 73,809 persons. The local language is Buhinon, a dialect of Bikolano.
Literacy rate of Buhi is about 99%. The labor force is about 24,000 people strong, or 63% of economically productive people age 15 to 64 years old.
8 out of 10 persons are Roman Catholics; Iglesia ni Cristo makes up about 2% of the total population which is the largest minority religion in the municipality.

### Language

Buhinon is the mother tongue of the majority of the population especially those residing around the lake area with Rinconada Bikol as its first language especially the folks residing on the eastern part of the municipality near Iriga City. Buhinon is classified as a lone language, and the only one used in the province of Camarines Sur. Buhinon, the Albay Bikol languages, and Rinconada Bikol are members of Inland Bikol group of languages and share common vocabulary.

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Buhi
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 50
* 60
* 2000 51.62
* 2003 43.25
* 2006 41.00
* 2009 43.99
* 2012 34.07
* 2015 39.84
* 2018 29.82
* 2021 36.76
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
* Two thirds of the population depends on agriculture
* More than one-fifth of the total land area is devoted to agriculture primary crops are rice, corn, coconut, and abaca
* Rice grows in the vast field of Road sector while corn and abaca are being grown at Mountain sector

## Infrastructure
### Transportation

* Three major road networks that link the town to the adjacent province of Albay, Partido District and Iriga City. Most of its roads are gravel, especially those in the lake, road and mountain sectors.
* Presence of tricycles and jeepneys
* Presence of non-aircon and aircon buses
* Presence of motorized boats and bancas
* Presence of motorcycles called door-to-door

### Spring Resorts

* Pongol Hot Spring
* Balerite Resort
* Lologon Resort

### Utilities

Water supply:
* Rural Waterworks Multi-Purpose
* Cooperative provides the potable drinking water to at least 1,683 households in 7 suburban areas
* Burabod ririgusan- tubog Lourdes Buhi Camarines sur
* Magindara
Power and electricity:
* CASURECO III delivers electricity to 63% of households and business establishments and 97% of barangays
* Host to a 1.2 MW mini hydro-electric power plant of the National Power Corporation

### Health

Presence of 1 public hospital; 3 private medical clinics; 38 health stations/centers; 3 pharmacies
Public Hospital:
* Buhi Community Hospital (temporarily closed by DOH)
Private Clinics:
* Claveria Clinic
* Portugal Clinic
* Sabio-Valenciano Clinic
Dental Clinic
* CJR Berces Dental Clinic
* Dr. Wennie A. Samper Dental Clinic

## Education

* No. of pre-schools: 33 public and 4 private schools
* No. of elementary schools: 33 public and 4 private schools
* No. of high schools: 3 private and 6 public schools
* No. of colleges: 1 state college
* No. of universities: 1 state university

### State colleges

* Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges-Buhi Campus (Brgy. Lourdes)

### Public high schools

* Sta. Justina National High School (Big School)
* Tambo National High School (Big School)
* San Vicente National High School (Big School)
* Buhi High School (Big School)
* Iraya High School
* Salvacion High School
* Los Angeles High School
* Agapito de Lima National High School (Brgy. Macaangay)
* Dautil-Watkins High School (Brgy. Monte Calvario)

### Private high schools

* Buhi St. Joseph's Academy Inc. (formerly St. Joseph's Academy)
* Buhi Lyceum
* Buhi Southeastern Academy, Inc. (Brgy. San Vicente)
* St. Bridget School

### Private elementary schools

* Buhi Institute Foundation
* Holy Child Educational Center (Buhi Branch)
* Buhi Lyceum
* Elen O. Villanueva School

### Social media

* LGU Buhi Official Facebook page

### FM stations

* 88.5 DWLF FM – Barita 88.5 (inactive)
* 97.7 DWEA FM – Buhi (Radyo Buhi, Numero Uno)
* 100.1 Radyo Natin Buhi
* 102.9 DWLR – Lauyay Radio (closed)

## Notable people

* Victor Wood – singer, actor, politician
* Avel Bacudio – fashion designer
* Elaine Kay Moll – Binibining Pilipinas candidate
* Yen Quirante – television personality

## Gallery

* Lake Buhi
* Buhi Church
* Patio
* Parish Pastoral Center
* Baked "Sinarapan"