OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mary Beckman

Mary Esther Beckman (born September 1953) is a Professor Emerita of Linguistics at the Ohio State University.

## Career

Beckman received her PhD from Cornell University in 1984. She was a Postdoctoral member of the technical staff in "Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence Research" at AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ, before joining the linguistics faculty at Ohio State University in 1985. She has directed at least twenty-five PhD dissertations to completion at Ohio State University.
Her early research focused on prosody and the development of the Tones and Boundary Indexes (ToBI) system of intonation transcription. More recently her work has focused on phonological disorders and child language acquisition.
Perhaps her most significant contribution to linguistics is the fact that in 1987, together with John Kingston, she organized the first Laboratory Phonology conference at Columbus, Ohio. She served with Kingston as series editor for the Cambridge University Press series Papers in Laboratory Phonology from 1987 through 2004. The laboratory phonology movement was one of the two most important developments during the 1990s in the linguistic subdisciplines that study language sound systems, and gave rise to the Association for Laboratory Phonology. (The other important development was Optimality Theory.)

## Honors and awards

In 1988 she won a Presidential Young Investigator Award from the National Science Foundation.
She edited the Journal of Phonetics from 1990 to 1994.
Beckman was inducted as a Fellow in the Linguistic Society of America in 2011. In 2015, she received the Scientific Achievement Medal of the International Speech Communication Association.
* Anneliese Maier Award (2014)

## Personal life

Beckman was married to John S. Cikoski, a specialist for Classical Chinese. Cikoski died in 2022.

## Selected publications

* Beckman, Mary E. (1986). Stress and Non-Stress Accent. Netherlands Phonetic Archives Series. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-013729-3.
* Pierrehumbert, Janet B.; Mary E. Beckman (1988). Japanese Tone Structure. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-16109-1.
* Kingston, John; Beckman, Mary (1990). Papers in Laboratory Phonology I: Between the Grammar and Physics of Speech. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36238-2.
* Beckman, Mary, Ken de Jong, Sun-Ah Jun, & Sook-hyang Lee (1992) “The Interaction of Coarticulation and Prosody in Sound Change,” Language and Speech 35 (1, 2). pp. 45–58. doi:10.1177/002383099203500205
# Kettle Creek (Missouri)

Kettle Creek is a stream in Caldwell and Daviess County in the U.S. state of Missouri.
According to tradition, Kettle Creek was named on account of a party leaving a kettle along its course.
# Renault Symbioz

The Renault Symbioz is a compact crossover SUV (C-segment) by French manufacturer Renault. It is an extended version of the Captur, built on the CMF-B HS platform shared with the Renault Clio and Nissan Juke.

## Overview

The Symbioz was announced by the manufacturer on 8 February 2024 and was later revealed on 2 May. It takes the name from the Greek word "symbiosis", which translates to "living together", as well as the unrelated concept car of the same name, which was presented at the 2017 Frankfurt Motor Show.
* Rear view
* Interior

## Mitsubishi Grandis

Teasers of the revived Renault Symbioz-based Grandis, showcasing its sleek design and advanced features, were revealed on February 18, 2025. The full unveiling, expected to highlight its innovative technology and performance upgrades, is scheduled for July 2025.

## Safety

Euro NCAP test results Renault Symbioz E-Tech (LHD) (2024) :
| Test | Points | % |
| Overall: | | |
| Adult occupant: | 29.6 | 73% |
| Child occupant: | 39.5 | 80% |
| Pedestrian: | 48.4 | 76% |
| Safety assist: | 12.5 | 69% |
# Speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games – Men's 1000 metres

The men's 1000 metres competition in speed skating at the 2025 Asian Winter Games was held on 11 February 2025 in Harbin, China.

## Schedule

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Tuesday, 11 February 2025 | 12:00 | Final |

## Records

Prior to this competition, the existing world and Games records were as follows.
| World Record | Jordan Stolz (USA) | 1:05.37 | Salt Lake City, United States | 26 January 2024 |
| Games Record | Takuro Oda (JPN) | 1:09.33 | Sapporo, Japan | 21 February 2017 |

## Results

| Rank | Pair | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| | 12 | Ning Zhongyan (CHN) | 1:08.81 | GR |
| | 10 | Cha Min-kyu (KOR) | 1:09.63 | |
| | 10 | Lian Ziwen (CHN) | 1:09.68 | |
| 4 | 12 | Ryota Kojima (JPN) | 1:09.70 | |
| 5 | 11 | Kazuya Yamada (JPN) | 1:09.96 | |
| 6 | 7 | Koo Kyung-min (KOR) | 1:10.13 | |
| 7 | 8 | Cho Sang-hyeok (KOR) | 1:10.36 | |
| 8 | 4 | Oh Hyun-min (KOR) | 1:10.69 | |
| 9 | 6 | Altay Zhardembekuly (KAZ) | 1:10.90 | |
| 10 | 11 | Masaya Yamada (JPN) | 1:11.16 | |
| 11 | 5 | Roman Binazarov (KAZ) | 1:11.58 | |
| 12 | 9 | Du Haonan (CHN) | 1:11.62 | |
| 13 | 9 | Tai Wei-lin (TPE) | 1:11.64 | |
| 14 | 8 | Artur Galiyev (KAZ) | 1:11.78 | |
| 15 | 7 | Yamato Matsui (JPN) | 1:12.61 | |
| 16 | 5 | Nikita Vazhenin (KAZ) | 1:15.00 | |
| 17 | 4 | Chandra Mouli Danda (IND) | 1:18.40 | |
| 18 | 6 | Sidney Chu (HKG) | 1:19.38 | |
| 19 | 1 | Srivatsa Srikantha Rao (IND) | 1:21.86 | |
| 20 | 2 | Omkara Yogaraj (IND) | 1:24.64 | |
| 21 | 2 | Daniel Concessao (IND) | 1:25.35 | |
| 22 | 3 | Bekhbatyn Tögöldör (MGL) | 1:28.18 | |
| 23 | 3 | Nopphaket Suansuk (THA) | 1:31.48 | |
# Bogurzynek

Bogurzynek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wiśniewo, within Mława County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Mława and 105 km (65 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Dileep Singh of Jhabua

Dileep Singh (or Dilip Singh) was the Raja of Jhabua from 1942 until his death in 1965.

## Education

He had his education at Agra and Aligarh. He was subsequently placed at Indore for training in revenue and settlement work, and for judicial training, he was placed in the district court at Mhow.

## Early career

He began his career as a railway magistrate and was thereafter appointed kamdar of Ratanmal by the Malwa Political Agency. When, on account of Udai Singh's inability to rule properly, the Government of India, on 29 September 1934, removed him from power and took Jhabua into administration, a Council of Administration was founded to govern the state's affairs. He was appointed its president. Under his supervision, the council restructured the administrative framework and operations of the state. He increased salaries for the revenue staff and assigned assistants to revenue officers and surveyors. He established two new patwari circles and appointed a new patwari in each tehsil. He appointed a tadvi or a headman in each village. He increased the number of excise inspectors as well as their salaries.

## Succession

When, in 1942, Udai Singh, the Raja of Jhabua, died, the question arose as to who would succeed him, as he had neither left a male heir of his body nor an adopted son. In this case, the then Viceroy and Governor-General of India, after carefully considering all aspects of the matter and acting in the best interests of the state, exercised his discretion—with the approval of the Secretary of State for India—and selected Dileep as his successor.

## Reign

He signed the instrument of accession on 15 August 1947, whereby he acceded his state to the Dominion of India. He was made KCIE in 1947.

## Death

He died on 23 February 1965 and was succeeded by his son, Ajit Singh.
# We Stand Tall

We Stand Tall is a 1990 music video produced by the Church of Scientology. It features many individuals, including current Scientology leader, David Miscavige. Many of the participants have either come to publicly criticize the practices of the Church or have disappeared.
In the video, a chorus of Scientologists is seen singing the title song, with several of the organization's executives in the front and second row. From left to right are Shelly Miscavige, Ray Mithoff, Marc Yager, Mark Ingber, Mike Rinder, David Miscavige, Heber Jentzsch, Greg Wilhere, Mark Rathbun, and Guillaume Lesevre. Rinder and Jentzsch are in the second row. Also visible in the third row is former high ranking Sea Org member Mark Fisher, who escaped later in 1990.$^{:2:40-2:56}$ The video also shows Dianetics sessions, Volunteer Ministers distributing The Way to Happiness books, historical clips of L. Ron Hubbard lecturing and displaying the E-meter, several celebrities who are Scientologists, including John Travolta, several of the Church of Scientology properties including Saint Hill Manor, clips from 1988 promotional events announcing OTVIII, the new Mark Super VII model E-Meter, and the christening ceremony for the Freewinds ship.

## Reception

The video was parodied by Saturday Night Live in the show's 40th season in 2015, following the release of the Scientology documentary Going Clear. The pre-recorded sketch takes the form of a music video from 1990, known in the sketch as Always Believe, for the fictional and legally distinct organization Neurotology. The music video has been updated with on-screen annotations, similar to an annotated version of the original music video uploaded on YouTube, regarding the whereabouts of the participants, many of whom are said to have left the organization or have died. A great many more of the participants are simply listed as "missing," a reference to individuals like Shelly Miscavige, who some have alleged is missing, while others claim she has been imprisoned by the Church.
# Pitts-Inge

Pitts-Inge is a historic commercial building located at Charlottesville, Virginia. It was built in 1820, and is a two-story, Federal style, brick building. Only the right half of the building, with two stories and the bays were part of the original structure.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Inge's Store is a grocery, built in the Federal Style, in 1820 by Johnson W. Pitt, originally as a residence. Its significance is in its style, its metal canopy, and its historic ownership, belonging to and operated by the same family since 1890.
In 1820, Pitt bought two unimproved lots from Joseph Bishop for 100 dollars. Pitt built a house on the lot, and sold it to Lawrence P. Catlett for $1,000 in September 1821. Catlett sold the property for $812.84 in September 1828 to William F. Gooch, who sold it in January 1883 for $700. A brick kitchen was added during this time. In 1841 it was purchased, with improvements, for $2,000 by the Methodist Episcopal Church to be used as a parsonage. The church was forced to sell the house at public auction to Nimrod Sowell for $1,220 in 1842.
In 1850 it was purchased by Harris & Taylor and became an iron foundry. In November 1853 it was sold to Musgrove and Patterson, merchants. When Musgrove and Patterson's business ended, the property was sold for $1,900 to John M. Barksdale and John N. Fry. During their 4-year ownership a smokehouse was added. In 1863, the property was sold to Isaac and Simon Letterman for $4,050. In 1887, the property was sold for $2,500 to Liebichen Levine, who then sold it to George Pinkney Inge for $3,000 in February 1890.
Inge had been born a slave. He worked as a school teacher in Charlottesville, but opened the building at 331-333 West Main for business in July 1891. The Inge family continued to operate the property until it was sold to Leslie C. Lafon in December 1979.
By 1896, the building had doubled in size, with a second wing added. By 1907 a frame porch was added to the rear, and by 1920 more rooms were added, bringing the building to its current shape.
# Calvin Veltman

Calvin Veltman (born 1941) is an American sociologist, demographer and sociolinguist at the Université du Québec à Montréal. He previously worked at the State University of New York at Plattsburgh. In the United States, his work on English use and acquisition among Hispanics is well known.

## Publications
### The United States

* "Anglicization in the United States: the Importance of Parental Nativity and Language Practice", 1981 (International Journal of the Sociology of Language)
* "Anglicization in the United States: Language Environment and Language Practice of American Adolescents", 1983 (International Journal of the Sociology of Language)
* Language Shift in the United States, 1983 (Mouton-de Gruyter)
* L'avenir du français aux États-Unis, 1987 (Conseil de la langue française, Québec)
* The Future of the Spanish Language in the United States, 1988 (Hispanic Policy Development Project)
* "Modelling the Language Shift Process of Hispanic Immigrants", 1989 (International Migration Review)
* "The Status of the Spanish Language in the United States at the Beginning of the 21st Century", 1990 (International Migration Review)
* "The American Linguistic Mosaic: Understanding Languages Shift in the United States", 2000 (in McKay and Wong, eds)

### Quebec (Canada)

* Les Grecs du quartier Parc Extension, 1984 (Institut national de la recherche scientifique: urbanisation)
* L'intégration sociolinguistique des Québécois d'origine portugaise, 1985 (Institut national de la recherche scientifique: urbanisation)
* L'adaptation des immigrants de la décennie 1980, 1993 (Ministère des communautés culturelles et de l'immigration, Québec)
* "Using Field Methods to Assess the Validity of the Canadian Census", 1985 (in P. Nelde, ed.)
* "The English Language in Quebec, 1940-1990", 1995 (in Fishman, ed.)
* "The Interpretation of the Language Questions of the Canadian Census", 1985 (Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology)
* "Assessing the Impact of Quebec's Language Legislation", 1986 (Canadian Public Policy
* Concentration ethnique et usages linguistiques en milieu scolaire, 1999 (Immigration et métropoles)
* Veltman, Calvin, and Andrew Hund. "Confirming Good Theory with Bad Data : l'anglicisation des hispano-
américains." Demographie et Cultures. (https://web.archive.org/web/20070323183821/http://www-aidelf.ined.fr/colloques/ Quebec/aidelf-2008/IMG/pdf/VELTMANT.pdf). [In French] 2008.

### Alsace (France)

* Le déclin du dialecte alsacien, 1989 (Presses universitaires de Strasbourg)
* "La régression du dialecte", 1982 (Institut Nationale de la Statistique et des Études Économiques)
* "La transmission de l'alsacien dans le milieu familial", 1983 (Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est)
* "L'usage de l'alsacien du milieu urbain", 1984 (Actes du IIe colloque internationale des démographes de langue française)
* "Assimilation linguistique des alsaciens: politiques officielles, évolution, tendances actuelles", 1987 (Éditions de l'ORSTOM)
* "Usages linguistiques en Alsace : présentation d'une enquête et premiers résultats", 1988 (International Journal of the Sociology of Language)
# Unatoned

Unatoned (stylized as UNATØNED) is the upcoming eleventh studio album by American heavy metal band Machine Head. It will be released on April 25, 2025, through Nuclear Blast and Imperium Recordings. It is the band's first album to feature drummer Matt Alston and lead guitarist Reece Scruggs.

## Background and promotion

On February 17, 2024, Wacław Kiełtyka announced he had left Machine Head, explaining that Decapitated is his 'absolute No. 1 band' and that Decapitated and Machine Head are both active bands with overlapping tours, creating important scheduling conflicts. In November 2024, the band announced a North American tour for 2025 with In Flames, Lacuna Coil and Unearth as support acts, and released a single, "These Scars Won't Define Us", which featured vocals from all four bands in what Machine Head described as a "Wu Tang Clan-level thrash collaboration"; in doing so, the band announced its eleventh studio album. The album's title, Unatoned, and release date of April 25 were announced in February, along with a second single, "Unbound", and an accompanying music video; the album will be the band's first to feature Scruggs, who was being treated as a full member of the band by December.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Robb Flynn, except where noted

## Personnel

Machine Head
* Robb Flynn – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
* Jared MacEachern – bass, backing vocals
* Matt Alston – drums, percussion
* Reece Scruggs – lead guitar
Additional musicians
* Anders Fridén – vocals on track 6
* Andrea Ferro – vocals on track 6
* Cristina Scabbia – vocals on track 6
* Trevor Phipps – vocals on track 6
Production
* Robb Flynn – production
* Zack Ohren – production, engineering
* Colin Richardson – mixing
* Chris Clancy – mixing, engineering
* Ted Jensen – mastering
* Seth Siro Anton – artwork
# Temperate forest

Mám rád bomboclat
A temperate forest is a forest found between the tropical and boreal regions, located in the temperate zone. It is the second largest terrestrial biome, covering 25% of the world's forest area, only behind the boreal forest, which covers about 33%. These forests cover both hemispheres at latitudes ranging from 25 to 50 degrees, wrapping the planet in a belt similar to that of the boreal forest. Due to its large size spanning several continents, there are several main types: deciduous, coniferous, mixed forest, and rainforest.

## Climate

The climate of a temperate forest is highly variable depending on the location of the forest. For example, Los Angeles and Vancouver, Canada are both considered to be located in a temperate zone, however, Vancouver is located in a temperate rainforest, while Los Angeles is a relatively dry subtropical climate.

## Types of temperate forest
### Deciduous

They are found in Europe, East Asia, North America, and in some parts of South America. Deciduous forests are composed mainly of broadleaf trees, such as maple and oak, that shed all their leaves during one season. They are typically found in three middle-latitude regions with temperate climates characterized by a winter season and year-round precipitation: eastern North America, western Eurasia and northeastern Asia.

### Coniferous

Coniferous forests are composed of needle-leaved evergreen trees, such as pine or fir. Evergreen forests are typically found in regions with moderate climates. Boreal forests, however, are an exception as they are found in subarctic regions. Coniferous trees often have an advantage over broadleaf trees in harsher environments. Their leaves are typically hardier and longer lived but require more energy to grow.

### Mixed

As the name implies, conifers and broadleaf trees grow in the same area. The main trees found in these forests in North America and Eurasia include fir, oak, ash, maple, birch, beech, poplar, elm and pine. Other plant species may include magnolia, prunus, holly, and rhododendron. In South America, conifer and oak species predominate. In Australia, eucalypts are the predominant trees. Hardwood evergreen trees which are widely spaced and are found in the Mediterranean region are olive, cork, oak and stone pine.

### Temperate rainforest

Temperate rainforests are the wettest of all the types, and are found only in very wet coastal areas. Adding to its rarity is that most of the temperate rainforests outside protected areas have been cut down and no longer exist. Temperate rainforests can, however, still be found in some areas, including the Pacific Northwest, southern Chile, northern Turkey (along with some regions of Bulgaria and Georgia), most of Japan, and others.

## Effect of human activity

Temperate forests are located in the middle latitudes where much of the planet's population is. Not only were these forests cut down to build cities (i.e. New York City, Seattle, London, Tokyo, Paris), they have also been "cut down long ago to make way for cultivation." This biome has been subject to mining, logging, hunting, pollution, deforestation and habitat loss.
# Angry Joe

Jose Antonio Vargas (born June 18, 1984) is an American media commentator and YouTuber. He is notable for his portrayal of Angry Joe, the titular host of his media review-oriented YouTube channel AngryJoeShow.

## YouTube

Vargas launched his YouTube channel AngryJoeShow on October 4, 2008 with the video "Shit that Pisses Me Off - Madden 2009 Hardcore Gamers". The show features Vargas' character "AngryJoe" reviewing a video game with a scale from 1-10. These reviews typically use sketch comedy and clips from his streams on Twitch. The channel was well-received by the YouTube community; as of April 2021, it has accrued over one billion views and amassed more than 3.2 million subscribers. In addition to game reviews, Vargas produces movie reviews on his channel. He and his channel have received mention in media covering YouTube, most notably for Vargas' opposition to copyright overreach on YouTube. His interest in copyright on YouTube stemmed from an incident in which Nintendo of America filed a copyright claim on a video of Joe playing Mario Party 10.
Vargas was affiliated with Blistered Thumbs of the media production company Channel Awesome until April 2018. His departure was due to the then-ongoing controversy regarding Channel Awesome and many of its former producers, many of whom Vargas had previously known and affiliated with in the past.
In April 2018, a Kickstarter project to create a board game featuring miniature-sized figures of licensed characters from the Street Fighter series of video games (in collaboration with Jasco Games) was launched by Vargas. The project's Kickstarter campaign raised $400,000 on its first day, an event which in turn attracted media coverage. In January 2021, Street Fighter: The Miniatures Game began shipping to those that backed the Kickstarter project. Vargas worked in another collaboration with Jasco Games on Mortal Kombat: The Miniatures Game based of the license of the same name.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Association | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| 2016 | The Game Awards | Trending Gamer | AngryJoeShow | Nominated | |